1 Ttitite lifornia onal jity POLITICS AND TEA BEING A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MINNEAPOLIS REPUBLICAN WOMEN'S CLUB SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION IN MAY, NINETEEN TWENTY BY THE FIRST PRESIDENT PAULINE E. REMINGTON PRINTING BY THE COLWELL PRESS, INCORPORATED MINNEAPOLIS ENGRAVING BY MINNESOTA ENGRAVING AND COLORPLATE COMPANY MINNEAPOLIS 1920 Organization EXECUTIVE BOARD MRS. WILLIAM WALLACE REMINGTON, President MRS. E. E. NICHOLSON, Recording Secretary Miss M. A. COOLEY, Corresponding Secretary MRS. CHARLES R. FOWLER, Treasurer VICE PRESIDENTS MRS. DAVID F. SIMPSON, FirsiM.'RS. J. ERNEST ERICKSON MRS. FRANK M. WARREN MRS. DANIEL COONAN MRS. CHARLES A. REED MRS. W. I. CARPENTER MRS. E. J. SCRIVER MRS. RUSSELL M. BENNETT MRS. ALEXANDER BERMAN MRS. A. L. SEARLE MRS. JOHN F. McGEE MRS. THEODORE A. FOQUE G. O. P. TEA SHOP COMMITTEE MRS. HORACE LOWRY, Chairman MRS. W. C. SHULL, Vice Chairman MRS. WALTER POEHLER, Chairman Speakers Miss MABEL GARDNER, Chairman Hostesses MRS. EDITH M. JONES, Manager COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN MRS. A. L. SEARLE, Ways and Means MRS. MERRILL BARTLETT, House and Hospitality MRS. A. B. LOYE MRS. H. N. STABECK, Membership MRS. FRANK H. BARNEY, Recruiting Miss ESTELLE HOLBROOK, Publicity MRS. WALTER D. DOUGLAS, Public Activities MRS. V. C. SHERMAN, Legislation MRS. FRED SPAFFORD, Club Policy 1491O84 1921 Organization EXECUTIVE BOARD MRS. WILLIAM WALLACE REMINGTON, President MRS. E. E. NICHOLSON, Recording Secretary MRS. FRANK H. BARNEY, Corresponding Secretary MRS. CHAS. R. FOWLER, Treasurer MRS. LYMAN T. PARKER, Executive Secretary VICE-PRESIDEN TS MRS. RUSSELL M. BENNETT, First MRS. A. W. STRONG MRS. CHAS. A. REED MRS. CHAS. W. LA Du MRS. J. ERNEST ERICKSON MRS. E. J. SCRIVER MRS. ALEXANDER BERMAN MRS. DAVID F. SIMPSON MRS. H. N. STABECK MRS. JOHN F. McGEE MRS. FRANK M. WARREN COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN MRS. FRANKLIN M. CROSBY, Finance MRS. FRED STAFFORD AND MRS. WM. H. BURR, Membership Miss ESTEI.LI: HOLBROOK, Publicity MRS. WALTER DOUGLAS, Public Activities MRS. H. C. TRUESDALE, Vice Chairman MRS. H. S. GODFREY, Speakers' Bureau MRS. DANIEL COONAN, Vice Chairman MRS. FRANK M. WARREN, Political Education MRS. A. L. SEARLE, Friday Forums MRS. S. H. CON KEY, Vice Chairman MRS. MILTON GUTTERSON, Municipal Affairs MRS. V. C SHERMAN, State Affairs MRS. GEO. W. BUFFINGTON, National Affairs MRS. WM. A. GORDON, International Affairs HOUSE AND C. O. P. TEA SHOP Chairman, MRS. HORACE LOWRY Vice Chairman, MRS. W. C. SHULL Manager, MRS. EDITH M. JONES Speakers, MRS. WALTER POEHLER CHAIRMAN OF HOSTESSES ^=*~ MRS. M. D. SHUTTER NX Republican Women's Committee of Hennepin County MRS. FRANK M. WARREN, Chairman. MRS. C. M. FERGUSON, Vice-chairman. MRS. R. N. PALM, Secretary. MRS. E. J. SCRIVER, Treasurer. Ward 1. Miss MARY HUSTON 2. MRS. E. E. NICHOLSON (Precincts 1-8 inc.) MRS. W. H. PETERSON (Precincts 9-16 inc.) 3. MRS. CHAS. R. FERRALL 4. MRS. FRED SPAFFORD 5. MRS. C. M. FERGUSON COUNTY PERSONNEL Ward. 1. MRS. A. V. FJCKAL 8. MRS. V. C. SHERMAN 9. MRS. W. H. RONALD 10. MRS. C. V. BELL 11. MRS. ALEX LARSON 12. MRS. J. C. NODOLF 13. MRS. FRANK J. BRUNO AT LARGE MRS. W. W. REMINGTON. MRS. W. J. MOORHEAD. MRS. CHAS. R. FOWLER. MRS. E. J. SCRIVER. VICE-CHAIRMEN Ward. 1. Miss TRESSA MURPHY 3. MRS. CARL SWARTWOOD 5. MRS. C. W. GARDNER MRS. PHILIP WEBSTER 6. MRS. H. F. BOELTER 7. MRS. A. J. KLINE Ward. 8. MRS. A. J. SCHUNK 10. MRS. 0. A. BLETHEN 11. Miss MARGARET KVITTUM 12. MRS. J. E. ELLINGSON 12. MRS. HARRY COLEMAN 13. MRS. R. N. PALM Contents Page POLITICS AND TEA. 13 POLITICAL EDUCATION... . 22 THE FRIDAY FORUM 41 REPUBLICAN WOMEN ORGANIZE IN MINNESOTA 50 THE SIGN OF THE BLUE ELEPHANT... 61 MEMORABLE DAYS 69 VICTORY FOR CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT.. 77 NEED OF PARTY ORGANIZATION 86 * OPENING OF THE REPUBLICAN WOMEN'S CLUB.... 101 Ft NDAMENTALS .... 105 WOMEN IN POLITICAL OFFICE.. 112 OIR NATIONAL CITY 119 A LOOK AHEAD... 135 CLUB SONGS 143 FARCE, "THE COUNCIL OF 1950".... ...155 DEDICATED TO FLORENCE HARDING WIFE OF THE FIRST PRESIDENT TO BE ELECTED BY ALL THE PEOPLE AS PROVIDED IN THE NINETEENTH AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES Politics and Tea "// all that has been said by orators and poets since the creation of the world in praise of women were applied to the women of America, it would not do them justice for their conduct during this war" LINCOLN. A SQUARE OR TWO from the main business district of Minneapolis, well back from the street in a fence- enclosed yard of lawn and shrubbery and large shade trees, there stands a long, rambling two-story building with a dark gray stucco exterior quite unusual for this busy section of the city. Originally a home, it later became absorbed by business, and now large wings completely submerge its early identity. Tall trees cast their leafy shade over the REPUBLICAN WOMEN'S CLUB HOUSE At "The Sign of the Red Elephant" 13 an d Je THK ENTRANCE house, their only companions the neighboring sky scrapers. The shrubbery half conceals a Japanese garden which sug- gests many possibilities for the summer time. The concrete pool-basin, the bed of a tiny creek, a rustic bridge, a grotto, rude statuary and the umbrella-covered tea-tables which remain of this former garden are suggestive of future possibilities for political tea-parties, campaign rallies, stump speeches and the like, for this is the home of the Republican Women's Club, proclaimed by a sign in red with gold lettering, upon the wall of the house, and by "the 14 Sign of the Red Elephant" which hangs over the oriental gate, and on which one reads the words, "G. 0. P. Tea Shop. Everybody Welcome." This attractive exterior is matched by an equally attractive interior. One's first impression of this Political Club House is that of unusual charm and originality. It was formerly the Craftshop of John S. Bradstreet where fine and rare furniture, cabinets and other interior furnishings were made in one of the most artistic and beautiful Crafthouses in the country. Unusual panelling on walls and ceiling, insets of bas-relief carved in wood, all in tones of brown, occasionally inter- blended with gray and gree'n, display the hand of the master workman that lingered lovingly over a finished piece of creative effort. The windows oddly and differently paned, give a soft and rather subdued lighting effect and with introductions of artistic and richly colored glass, form one of the chief attractions. Into this somewhat somber back-ground bright color schemes have been introduced in brilliant orange, red and gold, and there is the ineffable charm of an atmosphere that is homelike. On the ground floor is the office of the President of the Club, Mrs. William Wallace Remington a charming room in brown and old blue. Here the efficient Executive Secretary, Mrs. Lyman T. Parker, looks after the business of the Club. Upon the wall hang portraits of Washington, Lin- 17 ea. coin, Roosevelt, President Harding and Vice President Cool- idge, Governor Preus of Minnesota, and Mayor Leach of Minneapolis. In the east wing there is a spacious lounge well supplied with comfortable chairs, couches, tables, reading lamps, books and magazines. Here the friends and patrons of the Tea Shop pass a pleasant hour or two waiting for friends, reading or visiting. This wing also contains a private dining room and a lunch-counter, where a horse-shoe shaped table and high stools facilitate the speedy despatch of the American business man's lunch. Back of the main entrance hall a dining room in brown and orange with a frieze in graceful design of tan, blue, and gold figures, which coloring is repeated in the furnishings, is reserved for various Club Committees. A broad staircase leads to the Committee Headquarters of the Hennepin County Republican Women. The west wing contains two large dining rooms and a Forum or Assembly room. In these dining rooms daily cafeteria lunches and dinners of excellent quality are served to patrons. The plain long pine tables and chairs are attractively painted green with trimmings of Pompeiian red. The furnishings of these rooms include many unusual features such as red Japanese lanterns, coolie hats, elephants, flaming poppies, vines and trellises on walls, and charming windows deeply recessed. 18 MRS. WILLIAM WALLACE REMINGTON, PRESIDENT an d The Forum is perhaps the most distinctive room of all. It was modelled after an old Italian Chapel with Gothic lines and a high vaulted ceiling. Interesting mural decorations enrich the walls; an old fireplace of artistic design and inlay, is guarded on either side by a large elephant head whose be- jewelled eyes and crowns are electrically lighted. The furnishings of this room are stately and dignified. They form an appropriate setting to the political programmes given at the weekly Friday Forum. These activities are a part of an extensive program of political education which has been carried on at the new Club House. 21 Political Education '"The foundation of the Stale is the Education of its Youth." r\ UR POLITICAL STUDY was classified under four major departments of study, including International, National, State and Municipal Affairs. During the season of Political Education, classes in these departments hold bi- monthly and weekly meetings. The Department of International Affairs has had an un- usually wide field for study in the subjects under discussion at the Peace Conference in Washington, such as the Far-east- ern Question, Reduction of Armament, Our Foreign Policy, THE FIUEI'LACE IN THE FOItUM 22 i ACCOUNT of the history of this Club must include its organization, the purpose of such party organization, and the reason for its permanent character. In November, ( 1919, when it was apparent the states would soon ratify the [ Suffrage Amendment, the men's political organizations began \ to think of some way to prepare the women for the part they must soon play in political affairs, national as well as state. Mrs. Manley L. Fosseen was appointed Chairman of the Women's Republican organization in Minnesota. Because of her long experience as President of the Dome Club of St. Paul, a club composed of the wives of the State Legislators, which gave her an opportunity to thoroughly know and under- stand State Politics and Legislative Procedure, Mrs. Fosseen was unusually well-equipped for this appointment. She soon began the work of state organization and, by much per- sonal sacrifice and fullest devotion to her party, carried it to such success that at the time of the State Convention in March her organization of women was completed in the ten Congressional districts, with a chairman in each of the eighty- six counties. In organizing Hennepin County Mrs. Fosseen conferred with a number of Minneapolis women, inviting them to a luncheon, as guests of Mr. Arch Coleman, Chair- man of Hennepin County Republican Committee. At this luncheon it was my pleasure to nominate Mrs. Frank M. War- 50 MRS. MANLEY L. FOSSEEN *&/? j4er and and girls and many such came, eager to hear the message of a real friend. She spent a very busy day making speeches at the. factories and mills, and also addressed a large noon meeting at the Business Women's Club. Two meetings held under the auspices of the Republi- can Women's Club became memorable events to all who at- tended. On September 30th, Mrs. Douglas Robinson ful- filled her promise to Minneapolis women. The meeting was held in the Auditorium. The hall was decorated with hun- dreds of flags and every seat taken. Over three thousand people heard this eloquent, inspiring and patriotic woman. The scene was just such an one as must often have been enacted for her illustrious brother, Colonel Theodore Roose- velt, and in which he had taken part so many hundreds of times. The spirit of his great personality pervaded the hall. Mrs. Frank M. Warren and Mrs. David F. Simpson also spoke briefly. It was my great privilege to introduce Mrs. Robinson. She was received with a tremendous ovation not only because she was "Teddy's" sister, but because she is a great woman, the highest type of American womanhood. During my absence in the West, while speaking for the national Republican ticket, Mrs. Russell M. Bennett, one of the Vice-Presidents of the Republican Women's Club, capably filled the office of President. The club put on a big rally at the Auditorium on October 21st with Raymond 70 an d eti Robins as speaker, a political triumph. It was a truly wonderful meeting, Mr. Robins' discussion of the League of Nations was masterly and convincing. This meet- ing was accompanied by all the old-time enthusiasm, including a brass band, parade and flags. RAYMOND ROBINS It may be of interest because of my office, to briefly record the outstand- ing memories of my nation- al campaigning. The most enthusiastic meetings were held all through Oklahoma. In South Dakota I took part in an interesting debate with a Democratic woman from Illinois, at the Annual State Federation of Women's Clubs, held in Rapid City. Splendid meetings were held all through the Black Hills where I had the pleasure of closely trailing Thomas Marshall, then Vice-President of the United States, getting press notes on his speeches and rebutting them all down the line, with a woman's delight in the last word. Large and satisfactory meetings at Spokane and Walla Walla were followed by a strange meeting in San Francisco, 71 K in which it developed that I singly debated two well-known attorneys and a red-hot Wilson-Republican woman on the League of Nations. The other Republican speaker assigned to the task carefully avoided any discussion of the points at issue. Returning to Minneapolis, I spent the last week before election speaking in Minnesota under the able and thoughtful management of Mrs. E. J. Scriver, chairman of the State Speakers Bureau. During Mrs. Fosseen's absence at Chicago, Mrs. Charles A. Reed of our Republican Women's Club, and Mrs. J. H. Bishop of Thief River Falls, were in charge of the State work. Many of our Club women were on the State Speakers Bureau; the members of the Executive Board who served were Mrs. V. C. Sherman, Mrs. Charles La Du and Mrs. David F. Simpson. Mrs. Martha Dotzler did some good cam- paigning in the Seventh or "Volstead" district. A great fight was on in that district over the return of Volstead to congress. The issue was the "Volstead Amendment." One of my most interesting meetings was at Montevideo in the Seventh district, two nights before election. On October 25th, Mrs. Warren arranged for a meeting at the Shubert Theatre, which was a Welcome Home to sever- al of the speakers. The programme was made up of narra- tions of our experiences in campaigning, my most exciting 72 d \7e an eci one having been an impromptu debate with an Indiana Democrat in the observation car on my return from Cali- fornia, to the great entertainment of the Pullman passengers. On October 29th, the Club held a large and enthusiastic meeting at the Blue Mouse Theatre at which time the Republi- can candidates for state offices spoke. The principal speaker was J. A. 0. Preus, candidate for governor. Intense excite- ment prevailed during the closing days of the campaign. While we had confidently expected victory for the Re- publicans, no one had been sanguine enough to predict the landslide which the election on November second gave to President Harding and the Republican ticket generally. The Presidential vote carried by a majority of seven million. Nowhere in the United States had there been a more intense campaign than in Minnesota. The issue developed strong lines of opposition. Americanism versus Socialism was the slogan. In the June primaries the women had not voted. The majority for Governor Preus had been 7971 over the Socialist candidate. In the November elections when the women voted, his majority was 134,403. The gratitude of Minnesota belongs not only to the Republican women in the state who helped to defeat radicalism, but to the many Demo- crats who voted finally for a principle rather than for a party leader. They could not have elected their candidate. Every 73 vote cast for him reduced the chances of a majority for Governor Preus. They could only save themselves from the socialistic dominance of the Non-Partisan League by voting the Republican ticket. Considering the issues involved, J. A. 0. Preus was the best equipped man in Minnesota for carrying the standard of the state to victory. His long experience had given him the necessary knowledge of practical politics without robbing him of ideals of service and that vision which is necessary to re- form. Louis L. Collins, the popular "little corporal of the ]51st," received an ovation at every meeting. His speeches were sparkling with wit and full of sound common sense. "Louie" freely enjoys both the confidence and the affection of Minnesota. When Warren G. Harding was nominated he was scarce- ly known to the people west of the Mississippi river. He was a compromise candidate. So was Abraham Lincoln, of whom many learned for the first time after his nomination. Judg- ing by the past year, in which his outstanding act is the call to the Peace Conference, we feel justified in entertaining for President Harding, the highest expectations for an ususually successful administration. In Calvin Coolidge everyone felt that those who deplore the tendency to rather indifferently select a nominee for the Vice-presidency, were happily surprised. Our Vice-presi- dent has the mental vigor and courage of the new school of statesmanship where straightforwardness has supplanted the old ideas of diplomacy. 74 1. PRESIDENT IIAKIUXG 2. VICE PRESIDENT COOLIDGE GOVERNOU PREUS LIEUT. GOVERNOR COLLINS Victory lor Constitutional Government Abraham Lincoln, with the same clear-cut logic thai untangled the knot of slavery from its political entanglements, once made this prophetic suggestion regarding the necessary attitude of all laborers: "The strongest bond of human sympathy, outside the family relation should be one uniting all working people, of all nations and tongues and kindreds. Nor should this lead to a war on property, or the owners of property. Property is the fruit of labor; property is desirable; it is a positive good in the world. That some should be rich shows that others may become rich, and hence is just encouragement to industry and enterprise. Let not him who is houseless pull down the house of another but let him work diligently and build one for himself, thus by example assuring that his own shall be safe from violence when buili." From the Boston Post. THE THRIUMP of good government in Minnesota and a national victory of seven million majority called for some sort of demonstration. The Republican women decided to celebrate. Accordingly a Victory Party was given on November 15th at the Hotel Leamington to nearly two thouS' and people. The programme consisted of music and approp- riate speeches. Those taking part were Mr. Arch Coleman. Chairman of the Hennepin County Committee, Mrs. Frank M. Warren, Governor J. A. 0. Preus, Mrs. Manley L. Fosseen and myself. We had won a great victory; it was now incumbent upon our party to carry out its campaign promises. The issues of the state and national campaigns were both fundamental. In the former constitutional liberty was being threatened, which gives to every man the right to the full 77 d ana Jea enjoyment of property and individual religious belief, and upholds the sanctity of marriage and the home. These things are all assailed in the theory of Socialism as any one who reads Karl Murx, Engels, Bebel, Liebknecht, La Fargue, Lenine, Trotzky and others can readily ascertain. Class rule is the aim of the Marxian theory; class rule is the aim of the Soviet under Lenine. The working-man who toils with his hands is to supplant the business man, the professional man, the scholar and the thinker in the new order of things. It is quite true that fairness has been too often forgotten; it is more than true that justice has many times been made a mockery. It is equally true that under the liberty guaranteed by the Constitution of the State and the United States full provision is made or may be made for invoking the proper machinery and procedure that may effect these much needed reforms. Before constitutional law all classes are equal the only prerequisite to a successful accomplishment of redress or reform is the strength of orderly organization and the pressure of an enlightened public opinion. Our country's history for the past fifty years is a chapter of miracles as regards the emancipation of the man who toils. In no country on the globe have there been such reforms as to length of working day, healthful surroundings, high wages, liberty of organization, housing, educational, social, and moral advantages, not to mention the greatest of all, the 78 &////CP erne/ ~7e eci The Club celebrated its first Annual Meeting in January with a two days' session. On the second day, January twenty- second, a luncheon was served to five hundred and fifty women. Mrs. Walter Douglas presided and Mrs. T. G. Winter, National President of the Federated Clubs, acted as Toast-mistress. There were several brief speeches by Mrs. Warren, Mrs. Augustus L. Searle, Mrs. A. E. Zonne, Presi- dent of the Woman's Club, Mrs. Daniel Coonan and Mrs. A. W. Strong, Chairman of the Community Council. Mrs Fosseen and Prof. J. S. Young of the State University deliver- ed splendid addresses. All who attended the luncheon ex- pressed the greatest approval of the development of our women speakers. Other addresses at the different sessions were given by Senator Charles R. Fowler, Mrs. Chas. W. La Du, Mayor J.. E. Meyers, J. M. McConnell, State Superin- tendent of Public Instruction, Lent D. Upson, Municipal Expert from Detroit, Mich., and my annual message. Nearly all of the old officers of the Club were re-elected and a few new names added. A short period of rest from public activities followed. We had before us the prospect of a bitter muncipal campaign in the spring. On March 4th the Club again put on a big meeting this time an Inaugural dinner for men and women at Donaldson's Tea Rooms. Mrs. Warren and Mrs. Fosseen were attending the Inaugural at Washington. Mr. W. I. Nolan. 84 VoZr/vcP and Speaker of the Minnesota House of Representatives, acted as Toastmaster. Toasts to Washington, Lincoln and Roose- velt were given by Cyrus W. Northrop, President-Emeritus of the State University , Mr. Charles R. Fowler, and Mr. Arch Coleman respectively. Mrs. Winter toasted the Republican Party, and Mrs. La Du the Women of the Party. Prof. J. S. Young spoke convincingly on the Need of Party Affiliation and Legislative Reform, while Prof. William Anderson spoke of the Need of Municipal Reform. My subject was a New City Charter. This concluded the meetings which the Club held in the interests of State and National politics. It was our tenth large successful public meeting in less than nine months. I have gone into more or less detail as regards these meetings because to us they form a valuable record of our maiden political activities and may serve as a guide to some other young political organizations. Viewed in retrospect this Club's achievements seem remarkable, altho' each step was taken singly, with no partic- ular plan for the future, other than to try to meet whatever need presented itself. The type of women who have given party service has renewed the hopes of thousands that poli- tics may be lifted up by the influence of good women. This shall have been accomplished when political office is regard- ed as an opportunity for public service, rather than as the goal of designing, self-seeking politicians. 85 Need of Party Organization COOLIDCE: "The nation with the greatest moral power will win. Have faith in the moral power of America. However powerful the forces of evil may appear, somewhere there are more powerful forces of righteousness. Courage and confidence are our heritage. Justice is our might. The outcome is in your hand, fellow American; if you deserve to ivin. the Nation cannot lose." T OOKING BACK into the history of political campaigns, one is forced to conclude that many of our political evils might have been avoided, if there had been continuous organizations of right-minded citizens, interested in setting forth worthy candidates for public office. However, it has been our custom to maintain an attitude of indifference to- ward political matters until things became critical, then to scramble together a hectic organization of good citizens, who were forced or led thru a lack of time and the deep entrench- ment of the 'enemy' into spending ridiculous sums of money to wage a successful campaign. The fight having been won we considered the matter settled, and straightway forgot all about it, leaving the elected candidate all the joys of official isolation. The American public has the same attitude in regard to reform legislation. People will agitate with zeal for the passage of a measure and when it has become a law, and has been written into the statutes, they settle back into an absurd 86 an d complacency, as if the law would automatically enforce itself. Appropriations and machinery for the enforcement of law can not be effective unless there is public sentiment back of it, a public conscience to be satisfied. Very often the fight has been lost because the canny ring-politicians knew that the time to start the next campaign was directly after the last one, and by the time Mr. Good Plain Citizen had arrived at the point where he was willing to do something, it was too late for something to be done. When the average citizen is in- different to political organization, he must not forget that neglect of his duty is some other man's double opportunity. Some one is going to run the affairs of government; some are selfishly interested in the political game; they know how to capitalize the average man's indifference and ignorance. As long as the United States government is run by political parties it will be necessary to have strong party organization. It is fortunate that we have maintained only two major part- ies. If the time ever comes when we have many groups or blocs or factions we shall experience a departure from stable government, and all the evils of* many, ever-changing, irre- sponsible minorities will creep in. If, as we argue, party government is legitimate and proper, one must admit that the successful continuance of this system of Government is dependent upon party strength and party unity. We have clearly a duty as citizens, and that is 91 ea. to affiliate with the party we most approve, not for the con- duct of its supporters but for its principles and policies. Having made our decision we have some obligation to that party, and that is to do our bit to maintain its highest stand- ards, to effect a realization of its ideals, and to aid in the ful- fillment of its promises. This can best be done by maintaining a permanent and continuous organization which can make collective protest, or collective support, effective. One grows impatient with the criticism of those who decry party politics and feel no responsibility to contribute anything to better conditions. The only way to clean house is from the inside; the only way to purify party politics is from the inside. Protests and aloofness will never drive rottenness out of politics. A searchlight played on the outside will not spread light on the inside of a party machine; some one may draw a cur- tain. But exercising the right to step inside and turn on the light from within, may drive the political moths to their un- doing. Neither is the average of goodness and honesty monop- olized by those who refrain from any political activity. Many good and honest men have failed as officials because they lacked support. Many a good candidate has gone down to defeat before an unworthy opponent because he failed to get the active support of those who professed to believe in him. Theodore Roosevelt had no use for those persons who 92 an d mean well feebly. He said, "If you believe in decency, be a force for decency; if you believe in the right, be a force for the right!" Because we believe in these things; because we recog- nize the difficulty of re-organizing whenever a campaign ap- proaches; because we believe in the broadest opportunity for political education along national and state party lines; because w r e believe the best party service is rendered by an interested and responsible citizenship; because we believe that our best service to our country is through the medium of right minded, conscientious, organized effort, the Republican Women of Minneapolis have effected a continuous and perma- nent political organization, and have established a Club House which enables them to encourage the highest type of party service. There never will be a time when greater justification for this shall exist than was the case in our last Municipal Cam- paign. Again the issue was sharply defined not Republican and Democrat in opposition but Americanism versus Radi- calism. Our entire organization, including the Speakers Bureau under Mrs. E. J. Sriver, the ward and precinct organization of the Hennepin County Republican Women's Committee, the Tea-Shop rooms and entire Club organization, was placed at the disposal of the Citizens' Committee which knew no MAYOR GEORGE E. LEACH an d party lines. Our speakers talked early and late for the con- servative ticket, and for two amendments for an increased millage for the schools and libraries. Some very amusing experiences might be related. I recall one particularly good story, where a women said she would vote for the mill-tax if she knew which mill was meant. The gospel of good govern- ment was carried to every part of the city. My personal experience of the campaign was no doubt like all the others, and I hope never to go through another like it. There is something wrong with society when men and women in the same community engage in a bitter local campaign which degenerates into personalities that leave a sullen, stubborn hatred rankling in the breast of the unsuccessful faction. We need to put the desire for a better understanding and a little more real brotherly love into our reconstructed ideas of citizenship if progress is to be moral as well as economic. It has been a pleasure to find in Colonel Leach, efficiency. He is a man who dignifies and honors the office of Mayor. He is the Mayor of all the people, and his kindly, sympathetic, and friendly attitude toward his political opponents must have long since disarmed suspicion. Mrs. Warren again brought out a tremendous woman's vote through her ward organization. Grateful praise is due Mrs. Andreas Ueland, a Democrat, and leader among the League of Women Voters, who became a member of the 96