526 
 F5& 
 
 INDIANA
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 EDWIN STANTONFICKES 
 
 - HIS BOOK --f^9

 
 II D I AN A: 
 
 RELATION TO ITS 
 
 $ ragrapjjt}, ItaMm, Snstitutinra, 
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY, ETC. 
 
 WITH A "REFERENCE INDEX" TO 
 
 COLTON'S MAPS OF INDIANA. 
 
 from fRcfal antr otljer ^utfjentfc Sources. 
 
 BY RICHARD S. FISHER, M.D., 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON, 
 
 No. 86 CEDAR STREET. 
 
 1852.
 
 Entered, according to act of Congress, in the year 1852, by 
 
 J. H. COLTON, 
 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the 
 Southern District of New York.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT, 
 
 THIS little book has been prepared to accompany COL- 
 TON'S MAPS OF THE STATE OF INDIANA, and to illustrate 
 the geography, statistics, and institutions of that import- 
 ant portion of the American Union. The descriptions, 
 though brief and concise, embrace nevertheless a great 
 mass of information useful not only to the immigrant set- 
 tler, but also to those who, from long residence in the 
 state, may be entitled to the distinguished title of " citi- 
 zen." The descriptive portions of the work have been 
 chiefly compiled from the publications of the most recent 
 writers ; but a large mass of information has also been 
 derived from the labors and inquiries of the publisher's 
 agents, and from numerous private sources, all of which 
 has been incorporated. The statistical matter is chiefly 
 based on the census of 1850, the official returns of the sev- 
 eral departments of the federal and stale governments , and 
 from the reports of companies incorporated within the 
 state. Every available source of Accurate information, 
 indeed, has been consulted, and the publisher has no hesi- 
 tation in saying that there is no other work on the same 
 subject, and within the same compass, that furnishes so 
 much valuable information as is contained herein. 
 
 With regard to the maps themselves, most persons who 
 will be likely to purchase them are already cognizant of 
 the course the publisher has taken to make them accurate 
 and perfect. His agents in Indiana intelligent and busi- 
 ness-like men have been engaged for about three years 
 in visiting every part of the state, observing its condition, 
 and noting from day to day its progress ; and the publisher 
 has here to acknowledge with gratitude the important 
 
 998854
 
 Iv ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 assistance they have had from all those of whom they have 
 sought information ; and he at the same time would tender 
 for himself his thanks to the officers of the several rail- 
 road and other incorporated road companies who have so 
 willingly troubled themselves to lay down the true lines 
 of their several roads on the maps that have been sent 
 them for that purpose. All these gentlemen may be said 
 to be the authors of the works, for without their aid it 
 would have been impossible to have compiled them. Their 
 trouble will be repaid materially by the possession of 
 more accurate maps than could otherwise have been made. 
 
 The maps are three in number, varying little but in the 
 scale on which drawn, and the amount of information they 
 severally contain. 
 
 The largest map is engraved on six plates, and when 
 mounted is 66 inches long, and 48 inches broad. It con- 
 tains the full surveys in sections, the general topography 
 of the state, the internal improvements, and all the in- 
 formation usually found on the most elaborate maps. 
 
 The medium sized map is engraved on two plates, and 
 measures 43 inches long and 32 inches wide. All the 
 features of the large map are found in this, but on a re- 
 duced scale. 
 
 The small map is engraved on one sheet, and is intended 
 only as a traveling map, but contains, nevertheless, more 
 than the usual information found in like works. 
 
 All these maps are engraved in the best style of art, 
 and are colored in a handsome manner. A REFERENCE 
 INDEX, by the aid of which any place on the maps may be 
 readily found, is appended to this work. 
 
 NEW YORK, April 15, 1852.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Situation, Boundaries, and Superficies 7 
 
 Face of the Country 8 
 
 Ohio Valley 9 
 
 White River Valley 9 
 
 Wabash Valley 9 
 
 Rivers, Lakes, etc 10 
 
 Geology, etc 12 
 
 Botany 19 
 
 Zoology 20 
 
 Public Lands, with Diagrams, etc 21 
 
 Aborigines 25 
 
 Present Inhabitants, Population 1850, etc 27 
 
 Productive Industry 29 
 
 Agriculture 29 
 
 Manufactures 30 
 
 Commerce 31 
 
 Banks 32 
 
 Canals 33 
 
 Railroads 34 
 
 Other Roads . 36 
 
 Government the Franchise, Legislature, Executive, 
 
 Judiciary 37 
 
 Finances Expenditures and Resources, Pub. Debt, etc. 39 
 
 Public Institutions 42: 
 
 State Prison 4S 
 
 Education Schools, Colleges, and Universities, etc... 43 
 
 Ecclesiastical Establishments 46 
 
 History 48 
 
 County Seats their Distances from Indianapolis 50*
 
 vi 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 County Topography - f*l 
 
 Page 
 
 Page 
 
 Page 
 
 Adams 51 
 
 Hendricks. 70 
 
 Porter... 88 
 
 Allen 51 
 
 Henry .... 70 
 
 Posey 89 
 
 Barthol'w . 52 
 
 Howard... 71 
 
 Pulaski .. 89 
 
 Benton 53 
 
 Huntington 71 
 
 Putnam.. 90 
 
 Blackford . 53 
 
 Jackson... 72 
 
 Randolph 90 
 
 Boone 54 
 
 Jasper 72 
 
 Ripley... 91 
 
 Brown 54 
 
 Jay 73 
 
 Rush .... 91 
 
 Carroll 55 
 
 Jefferson .. 73 
 
 St. Joseph 92 
 
 Cass 55 
 
 Jennings .. 74 
 
 Scott 93 
 
 Clarke.... 56 
 
 Johnson... 74 
 
 Shelby... 93 
 
 Clay 57 
 
 Knox 75 
 
 Spencer . . 94 
 
 Clinton ... 57 
 
 Kosciusko . 76 
 
 Starke... 94 
 
 Crawford. . 58 
 
 La Grange. 76 
 
 Steuben.. 94 
 
 Daviess ... 58 
 
 Lake. . 77 
 
 Sullivan.. 95 
 
 Dearborn. . 59 
 
 La Porte.. 77 
 
 Switz'land 95 
 
 Decatur... 60 
 
 Lawrence . 78 
 
 Tipp'canoe 96 
 
 DeKalb... 60 
 
 Madison... 79 
 
 Tipton ... 97 
 
 Delaware.. 61 
 
 Marion ... 79 
 
 Union 97 
 
 Dubois 61 
 
 Marshall .. 81 
 
 Vanderb'g 98 
 
 Elkhart... 62 
 
 Martin 81 
 
 Vermilion 99 
 
 Fayette ... 63 
 
 Miami .... 82 
 
 Vigo 99 
 
 Floyd 63 
 
 Monroe ... 83 
 
 Wabash.. 100 
 
 Fountain.. 64 
 
 Montgom'y 83 
 
 Warren .. 100 
 
 Franklin.. 65 
 
 Morgan ... 84 
 
 Warrick.. 101 
 
 Fulton 65 
 
 Noble 85 
 
 Washing'n 101 
 
 Gibson 66 
 
 Ohio 85 
 
 Wayne... 102 
 
 Grant 66 
 
 Orange 85 
 
 Wells .... 103 
 
 Greene 67 
 
 Owen 86 
 
 White.... 103 
 
 Hamilton.. [68 
 
 Parke 86 
 
 Whitley . . 104 
 
 Hancock .. 68 
 
 Perry 87 
 
 
 Harrison .. 69 
 
 Pike 87 
 
 
 
 TRAVELING ROUTES... 126
 
 INDIANA: 
 
 ITS GEOGRAPHY, STATISTICS, INSTITUTIONS, 
 
 ETC., ETC., ETC. 
 
 INDIANA* lies in the form of a parallelogram between 
 Ohio and Illinois, and extends from Michigan, on the 
 north, to the Ohio river, on the south. Geographically, 
 it is situated between the latitudes 37 51' and 41* -16' 
 north, and between the longitudes 85 Q 49' 30" and 88* 2' 30 W 
 west from Greenwich, or 8 48' and 11 01' from Wash- 
 ington. Its extreme length from north to south is 276 
 wiles, and its greatest width 176 miles ; but its average 
 length is only about 242 miles, and its average breadth not 
 more than 153 miles ; and within these limits the area of 
 its superfices is 33,809 square miles, or 21,637,760 acres. 
 
 * The definite boundaries of the state, according to the ordinance 
 of Congress, dated 19th April, 1816, are as follows : " Bounded on 
 the east by the meridian line which forms the western boundary of 
 the state of Ohio, being a north line from the mouth of the Miami ; 
 on the south by the river Ohio, from the mouth of the Great Miami 
 to the mouth of the river Wabash ; on the west by a line drawn along 
 the middle of the Wabash from its mouth to a point where a duo 
 north line, drawn from the town of Vincennes, would last touch the 
 northwestern shore of the said river, and from thence by a duo 
 north line until the same shall intersect an east and west line drawn 
 through a point ten miles north of the southern extreme of Lake Mich- 
 igan ; on the north by the said east and west line," etc., to beginning
 
 8 INDIANA. 
 
 FACE OF THE COUNTRY, ETC. The general features 
 of Indiana are those which pertain to all countries where 
 mountain, in the strict sense of the word, is wanting ; for 
 if we except the river-hills and the accumulations of sand 
 on the southern shore of Lake Michigan, no portion of the 
 country has any continuous or definite elevation which 
 even a florid imagination could dignify by such a term, 
 and all of mountain that really appears is a few isolated 
 "knobs," which serve only to diversify the scenery. 
 Nearly two thirds of the state is level, or at most undu- 
 lating, and a most singular feature of the country is the 
 absence of any water-shed or dividing ridge, such as al- 
 most every geographical region presents, from which the 
 waters flow in different directions ; still, however, the 
 country has continuous slopes of great extent, and the 
 difference in elevation of the highest land and the Ohio 
 river at the Falls is nearly 600 feet, and a considerable 
 difference is observed (about 70 feet) between the levels 
 on the Ohio, at the Falls, and at the mouth of the Wabash, 
 the latter being the lowest. 
 
 The river-hills, of which previous mention lias been 
 made, extend at various distances from, and parallel to, 
 the courses of the Ohio and other streams, and inclose what 
 are termed the bottom-lands, which are chiefly covered with 
 a rich alluvial soil, and thickly set with forests. These hills, 
 along the Ohio river, are generally as high as the highest 
 levels of the interior, often of a rugged and broken as- 
 pect, and where torn through by the tributaries of the 
 Ohio, present much imposing scenery. Behind these a 
 table-land spreads out and forms what with propriety may 
 be termed the interior of the country ; and now every 
 thing is changed. Instead of the bottoms, with their 
 mighty forests, the most various landscape appears ; here 
 are extensive groves of oak, ash, and other trees ; there
 
 FACE OF THE COUNTRY, ETC. 9 
 
 vast prairies, sea-like in their dimensions, and with un- 
 troubled surface ; here the land undulates or rolls as if 
 formed into billows by the dalliance of soft winds, and oc- 
 casionally hills, rising from 100 to 300 feet high, remind 
 us of a tempest-tossed sea, when the waves accumulate in 
 their might. There is such a marked difference between 
 the several parts of the country, however, that no general 
 description could embrace its topography, and hence it is 
 necessary to detail its principal characteristics, and its di- 
 visions as indicated by nature. 
 
 1. The Ohio Valley, including that of the White Water, 
 contains some 5,000 square miles. This is a limestone re- 
 gion ; it was originally clothed with heavy forests ; and 
 the soil in the bottoms, hill tops, and sides is very rich. 
 The hills are abrupt and broken, and the numerous trib- 
 utaries of the Ohio river break through them in every 
 direction. Many of these streams in dry weather show 
 only the marks where the torrents have disappeared, al- 
 most as soon as the storms which occasioned them. Of 
 this division of the state about two thirds is good farm- 
 ing land, and the residue either too hilly or the soil too ' 
 poor for profitable culture. The poorest part is in the 
 flats at the heads of the streams. 
 
 2. The White River Valley extends from the Wabash 
 centrally through the state to the Ohio line, and covers 
 about 9,000 square miles of surface. It is almost uniformly 
 level and heavily timbered, except in the western parts, 
 where there are some prairies and barrens, and ranges 
 of low rugged hills. The whole valley is destitute of 
 rock, and the soils are of the richest kind, with little that 
 is unprofitable. Most of the streams are clear and never- 
 failing, and water-power is generally abundant, 
 
 3. The Wabash Valley is the largest division, and em- 
 braces an area of upward of 12,000 square miles. It
 
 10 INDIANA. 
 
 interlocks with the valley of the White river, and the 
 eastern portion resembles it. It is equally fertile but 
 more broken. The middle part of the valley has abundant 
 water-power, but in the upper and lower parts it is less 
 plentiful. From the river-hills : on the Ohio, to the Wa- 
 bash, the surface is an inclined plane, and it is not a little 
 curious to find streams, the head waters of which are near 
 the borders of the Ohio Valley, traversing toward the Wa- 
 bash, a river so much farther distant from their sources. 
 
 4. The north part of the state, watered by the St. Jo- 
 seph's and the Kankakee, is much similar in its general 
 character to the Wabash country, but is, perhaps, more 
 swampy, and near the lake the country has extensive 
 sand hills, which are covered only with stunted and shriv- 
 eled pines and burr-oaks. 
 
 RIVERS, LAKES, ETC. Indiana has numerous fine riv- 
 ers, but for navgable purposes, few of them except the 
 Ohio, Wabash, White, etc., are at all eligible. Most of 
 them, however, afford valuable water-power. 
 
 The Ohio, the final reservoir of the principal water- 
 courses of the state, borders the whole country on the 
 south, from the mouth of the Miami to that of the Wa- 
 bash, a distance, by the river's course, of 380 miles. Be- 
 tween these two points few streams of any volume empty 
 into it, and none exceed thirty or forty yards in width at 
 their mouths. Laughery, Indian Kentucky, Silver, Indian, 
 Blue, Anderson, Big Pigeon, Little Pigeon, etc., are the 
 principal. The White Water joins the Miami six miles 
 above its entrance into the Ohio. 
 
 The Wabash, which rises in Ohio, runs first north, then 
 northwest, then west, then southwest, then south, and 
 again southwest, making the whole distance to its junc- 
 tion with the Ohio, upward of 600 miles, of 'which more 
 than one half is navigable. Its principal tributaries are :
 
 RIVERS, LAKES, ETC. 11 
 
 from the south and east, the Salamonie, Mississinewa, 
 Wild Cat, Sugar or Rock, Raccoon, White, and Patoka 
 rivers ; and from the west and north, Little W abash, and 
 Embarras rivers in Illinois, Vermilion in both states, 
 and in Indiana altogether, Tippecanoe, Eel, and Little 
 rivers. White river, the most important of these, empties 
 into the Wabash 100 miles above its mouth ; the West 
 Fork, its longest branch, rises in Randolph county, near 
 the Ohio line, and runs in a southwest direction, receiv- 
 ing in its course Eel river, Fall creek, etc. ; and the East 
 Fork, the principal tributaries of which are Salt creek, 
 the Muscatatuck, Sand creek, Clifty, Flat Rock, and Su- 
 gar creeks, rises in Ripley county, and has a western 
 course to its junction with the West Fork the two form- 
 ing White river proper about fifty miles from its entrance 
 into the Wabash. 
 
 The St. Joseph's and St. Mary's form the Maumee, which 
 passes to Ohio and Lake Erie. Another St. Joseph's and 
 its tributaries, the Elkhart, etc., pass through the north- 
 ern tier of counties, and ultimately fall into Lake Michi- 
 gan. The Kankakee, the principal branch of the Illinois 
 river, rises near South Bend, and runs sluggishly through 
 the northwestern counties for 100 miles, and in its course 
 receives Yellow river, a stream about 50 miles long ; ex- 
 tensive marshes everywhere bound its course. Deep and 
 Calumic rivers lie near and south of Lake Michigan, and 
 in some places are only separated from it by banks of 
 sand. The Iroquois or Pickamink rises south of the Kan- 
 kakee, and runs nearly parallel to it for 50 miles, and joins 
 it in Illinois. 
 
 Besides Lake Michigan, on the northern border, there 
 are numerous other, but small lakes, in different parts 
 of the state, principally to the north of the Wabash river. 
 Several of them have no outlets ; they are generally clear,
 
 12 INDIANA. 
 
 however, and have sandy shores and bottoms. They sel- 
 dom exceed a few acres in extent, though some at the 
 head of Tippecanoe river and Turkey creek, and near La 
 Porte, cover several hundred acres. Mexancukkee lake, 
 a beautiful sheet of water, in Marshall county, is three 
 miles long and half as broad ; and Beaver lake, six miles 
 long and three miles wide, covers 10,000 acres. All these 
 lakes abound in fish, and form in the surrounding scene 
 objects which attract the gaze of the traveler. 
 
 GEOLOGY, ETC. The concluding chapter of the Report 
 of D. D. Owen on the Geology of Indiana, thus sums up 
 the results of his reconnaissance on that topic : 
 
 "Three geological formations exist in Indiana. 1st, a 
 bituminous coal formation, occupying that portion of the 
 state west of the second principal meridian ; 2d, a lime- 
 stone formation (similar to the mountain limestone of Eu- 
 ropean geologists), prevailing in the counties east of that 
 meridian ; 3d, a diluvium, consisting of deposites of clay, 
 sand, gravel, and boulders ; overlying, and in many places 
 covering up, the two other formations, to a greater or less 
 depth, particularly in the northern part of the state. 
 
 " Now, as in this country no perfect seams of bitumin- 
 ous coal are found associated with calcareous deposites, 
 similar to those of Middle and Eastern Indiana, the geol- 
 ogist can confidently predict, that it is a waste of time 
 and labor to search for coal in any part of the state east 
 of this second meridian, for instance, as has been done in 
 the neighborhood of the black bituminous aluminous slate, 
 stretching north in a narrow band, commencing at New 
 Albany in Floyd county, and extending through part of 
 Clarke, Scott, Jennings, Bartholomew, Decatur,and prob- 
 ably beneath the diluvium, in a northerly direction to- 
 ward Elkhart. 
 
 " If we were to speculate from geological observations,
 
 GEOLOGY, ETC. 13 
 
 on the future condition of Indiana, we should say, that 
 the western counties are destined to become, one day, the 
 chief manufacturing counties ; since, with a few excep- 
 tions, all large manufacturing towns and districts are sit- 
 uated on the coal formation. 
 
 " The freestones of this formation being soft and fissile, 
 owing to the existence of mica disseminated in layers 
 through their substance, and to the ferruginous cement 
 which unites their particles, being liable to undergo al- 
 terations by the action of the atmosphere upon it, a care- 
 ful selection by the builder is always necessary. In sev- 
 eral places, particularly toward the base of the formation, 
 or nenr its eastern boundary, as at Attica, Williamsport, 
 on Pine creek, and near the French Lick, with a little 
 care, freestone, white and fine grained, and excellently 
 suited for architectural purposes, may be readily obtain- 
 ed. In character and geographical position it resembles 
 the celebrated Scotch freestone, of which the new town 
 of Edinburgh, and a portion of the town of Glasgow, are 
 built. 
 
 " At New Harmony there is a quarry of freestone, 
 yielding rock that has stood the test of twenty years ; yet 
 it is by no means equal to the strata above alluded to, in 
 our eastern counties. 
 
 " A freestone of a very fine grain and white color is 
 quarried at the French Lick, west of Paoli. It is manu- 
 factured into whetstones, that answer admirably for put- 
 ting a fine edge on tools, and for polishing. They are ex- 
 ported to all parts of the United States. 
 
 " Good grindstones are also manufactured from a sim- 
 ilar stratum of these freestones, of a coarser grain. 
 
 " The eastern boundary or base of the coal formation 
 is the most likely place to afford salt water ; for we find 
 the most productive salt wells throughout the Western 
 2
 
 ]4 INDIANA. 
 
 country occupying in the inferior members of the coal for 
 mation. Thus, should symptoms of salt water make their 
 appearance in the counties of Perry, Spencer, Dubois, 
 Martin, Daviess, Greene, Owen, Clay, Putnam, Montgom- 
 ery, or Tippecanoe, the encouragement to make a search 
 would be greater than if found elsewhere in the state. 
 
 " Salt, however, is not, strictly speaking, constant in 
 its geological position. In Europe, it usually occurs in 
 the new red sandsone a formation higher and of more 
 recent origin than the bituminous coal formation ; while 
 on the Holston, a tributary of the Tennessee river, there 
 is a fine salt deposit, surrounded by gypsum or plaster 
 of Paris, lying on the grauwacke formation. 
 
 " Two or three salt wells have been sunk in the knobs 
 east of Bloomington, through the silicious beds belonging 
 to the sub-carboniferous group. The salt is of excellent 
 quality ; but the water has hitherto proved too weak to 
 afford a fair profit. The boring after salt is, in truth, at 
 all times attended with considerable uncertainty. 
 
 " Quantities of argillaceous iron ore from which in 
 Great Britain 600,000 tons of iron are annually obtained 
 occur in some of the clay slates of the bituminous coal 
 formation of Indiana. 
 
 " Some of the clay slates answer well for fire-brick. 
 That now excavated near Troy is to be manufactured into 
 fire-brick for sale an important article of commerce, in 
 a country where steam-engines are so extensively used, 
 and indispensable where furnace operations are carried on 
 to any extent. 
 
 " Some of our clays in the coal formation answer well 
 for the manufacturing of stone-ware and gray pottery- 
 ware. Such wares are now manufactured from them at 
 Troy. 
 
 " Since I first called the attention of the proprietors to
 
 GEOLOGY, ETC. 15 
 
 the deposite of the hydrated brown oxide of iron, near 
 the Falls of Eel river, examinations have been made, by 
 digging in four or five different places : ore has been 
 struck in all of them ; many tons have been thrown up, 
 and the prospects are so encouraging, that the proprietors 
 of the Falls are now endeavoring to form a company, to 
 erect a furnace, and commence, on an extensive scale, 
 smelting the ore. 
 
 " Sandstone being the predominating rock in the coal 
 formation, and the greatest part of the soil of those west- 
 ern counties being formed from its disintegration, we find 
 it generally of a sandy character. 
 
 " The dip and position of the various beds belonging to 
 coal measures are generally constant, unless where, from 
 the protrusions of basalt or greenstone, those volcanic 
 disturbances called by the miners, 'faults' ' troubles,' 
 or ' dykes,' have disturbed the regularity of position. If, 
 then, the general dip and order of succession of the strata 
 can be ascertained, and these should appear to be free 
 from faults or material undulation, a pretty correct esti- 
 mate might be formed of the depth of the various seams 
 of coal and other strata in different parts of the coal fields 
 of Indiana. 
 
 *' Most of the limestones in the oolitic series that 
 is, those occurring in the counties of Crawford, Orange, 
 Lawrence, Monroe, Owen, and Putnam make good build- 
 ing materials. The enerinital limestones in Harrison, 
 Washington, Jackson, Bartholomew, and Morgan counties, 
 are also very suitable for that purpose ; but the silicious 
 strata, or sand rocks, in these counties, are generally soft 
 and crumbling, and by no means durable. The only use 
 that the black bituminous aluminous slate, occurring in 
 the sub-carboniferous group, can be put to, is for the man- 
 ufacture of alum. The sub-carboniferous group affords a
 
 16 INDIANA. 
 
 water-lime, which appears to be a compound chiefly of 
 limestone and clay, with some bituminous matter. It is 
 associated with the black bituminous aluminous slate 
 above mentioned. Some of the limestone in its neighbor- 
 hood for instance, those rocks which are excavated at 
 the top of the hill behind Madison contain green earth, 
 and some are impregnated with bitumen and sulphuret of 
 iron. In making a selection of building materials in such 
 strata, care should be taken not to use any such, unless 
 their durability has been well tested ; for they are gener- 
 ally liable to decay. 
 
 " The fosiliferous limestones of East Indiana, namely, 
 those found in Jefferson, Switzerland, Dearborn, Ripley, 
 Franklin, Fayette, and Union counties, are durable rocks, 
 and some of them make beautiful marbles. 
 
 " The sub-carboniferous formation of Indiana is ident- 
 ical with the formation occurring in Middle Tennessee, in 
 which the enormous deposits of the hydrated brown ox- 
 ide of iron, constituting so much of the mineral wealth of 
 that state, are found. 
 
 " The deposits of this kind of ore in Indiana, however, 
 although found in the same formation, are not associated 
 with exactly the same strata. In Tennessee, they are in 
 the silicious strata, just above the enerinital limestone : 
 those at present discovered in Indiana are either resting 
 on the oolitic series of limestone, or near the bituminous 
 aluminous slate. 
 
 " The soil in Crawford, Lawrence, Orange, Monroe, 
 Owen, and Putnam counties, being formed chiefly from the 
 oolitic limestones, has a calcareous character, and is ad- 
 mirably adapted for the growth of grasses. 
 
 " Clay will be found to predominate in the soil of the 
 counties of Floyd, Clark, Scott, Jennings, and parts of 
 Bartholomew, Decatur, Shelby, Johnson, Marion, and
 
 GEOLOGY, ETC. 17 
 
 Hancock ; because the soil of these counties is underlayed 
 by clay slates. Hence we find the beech-tree, -which de-. 
 lights in a clayey soil, there growing luxuriantly. 
 
 " The soil of Jefferson, Switzerland, Dearborn, Ripley, 
 Franklin, Fayette, Union, and parts of Decatur and Rush, 
 being formed upon alternating strata of clay and lime- 
 stone, must partake chiefly of these two earths. This soil 
 is also well adapted to the growth of grasses. 
 
 " The soil of the northwestern counties appears to be a 
 siliceo-calcareous sand, resting upon a clay bottom. This 
 I conceive to be the reason why it is so much more pro- 
 ductive than its external appearance promises. These 
 points, however, I intend more fully to verify, by ana- 
 lysis, so soon as I can get samples of all the various soils. 
 As yet, my opinion has been formed chiefly from ocular 
 observation, and reasoning from general principles. 
 
 ' ' The water in the northwestern counties is strongly 
 impregnated with carbonic acid. This, acting as a solvent 
 upon limestone and the protoxide of iron, dissolves them 
 whenever it meets them in its passage to the surface. And 
 thus we find these waters often highly charged with these 
 two ingredients, forming calcareous and calybeate springs. 
 As they lose very soon, by exposure to the air, the excess 
 of carbonic acid, which acts as a solvent of these ingre- 
 dients and as iron is brought also by the same exposure 
 to air, to a higher degree of oxidation, and therefore to a 
 more insoluble form these two causes acting together, 
 soon produce deposits of calcareous tufas and bog iron 
 ore, so frequently found in that country. The quantity 
 of bog iron ore is, therefore, continually on the increase. 
 
 " The greater part of Indiana must have been, at some 
 period of the earth's history, covered by an ocean ; for 
 most of the fossils in the limestones are of a marine 
 origin,
 
 18 INDIANA. 
 
 " None of the precious metals will ever be found in In- 
 .diana, unless in minute portions in boulders, or in small 
 quantities in combination with other metals ; because the 
 primitive and grauwacke formations, in which alone pro- 
 ductive mines of gold and silver ore occur, do not exist in 
 Indiana. It is true that, in some rare instances, silver is 
 found as a sulphuret and as red silver ore, in such forma- 
 tions as exist in the Western country ; but I have seen no 
 symptoms of any such in our state. The same may be 
 said of bismuth, tin ore, and native arsenic. The only 
 metals which we need look for, are iron, lead, antimony, 
 manganese, zinc, cobalt, and possibly some varieties of 
 copper and ai'senic ores. 
 
 " It is not likely that anthracite coal will ever be found 
 in Indiana, because that mineral is usually found in the 
 primitive and grauwacke formations. 
 
 " Several detatched pieces of native copper have been 
 found in the state, one weighing five pounds; but, from 
 the nature of the ore, its occurring in washed gravels, 
 and only in isolated pieces, I have reason to believe that 
 they do not originate in the state. I may add that the 
 Kupferschiefer of the German miners yields, at the mines 
 of Mansfield, in Thuringia, an abundant supply of copper 
 ore. This copper slate, as found at the bottom of the new 
 red sandstone formation, which overlies the bituminous 
 coal formation, and copper ores, have been found in the 
 carboniferous and mountain limestone ; there is, therefore, 
 a possibility of discovering workable copper ore in the 
 formations of Indiana. 
 
 " The fertility of the soil of Indiana is universally ad- 
 mitted, yet few are aware that it arises mainly from its 
 geological position. It is well known to geologists, that 
 that soil is the most productive, which has been derived 
 from the destruction of the greatest variety of different
 
 BOTANY. 19 
 
 rocks ; for thus only is produced the due mixture of 
 gravel, sand, clay, and limestone, necessary to form a 
 good medium for the retention and transmission of nutri- 
 tive fluids, be they liquid or aeriform, to the roots of 
 plants. Now, Indiana is situated near the middle of the 
 Great Valley of northwestern America, and far distant 
 from the primitive range of mountains ; and her soil is 
 accordingly formed from the destruction of a vast variety 
 of rocks, both crystaline and sedimentary, which have 
 been minutely divided and intimately blended together 
 by the action of air and water. It has all the elements, 
 therefore, of extraordinary fertility." 
 
 BOTANY. The forests of Indiana contain all the trees 
 natural to the soil and climate of the whole central region 
 of the United States ; oaks and beech-trees, however, 
 preponderate ; they are found in almost every portion of 
 the state, and probably count two thirds of the whole 
 number of its forest trees. Next in order are the sugar- 
 tree, hickory, ash, walnut, poplar, elm, sycamore, cherry, 
 hackberry, linden, coffee-tree, honey locust, and white 
 maple, which are as widely diffused as the oak and beech. 
 The black locust is abundant near the Ohio river, but is 
 not found in the interior ; the chestnut is only found in 
 the neighborhood of the upper course of the east fork of 
 White river ; the pine is only found on the ' ' knobs," near 
 the Ohio, and on the sand hills near Lake Michigan, while 
 the tamarack is found only in the swamps of the Kanka- 
 kee. The cypress, catalpa, and pecan, are chiefly found 
 in the counties on both sides of the White river, below the 
 junction of the forks ; and cotton wood is rare, except on 
 the bottoms of the southern streams. Of the smaller trees 
 and undergrowths, the principal are the dogwood, paw- 
 paw, spear, plum, and thorn, and the persimmon and crab 
 apple. Many of the forest trees attain magnificent dimen-
 
 20 INDIANA. 
 
 sions, and in numerous instances the oak, sycamore, wal- 
 nut, and poplar, have been found, measuring from five to 
 seven feet in diameter, and more than 120 and 130 feet in 
 height. The indigenous fruit trees found in Indiana com- 
 prise the wild plum, hawthorn, persimmon, pawpaw, wild 
 cherry, mulberry, crab apple, etc. These are found in- 
 termingling with forest trees, or bordering the prairies 
 and barrens. Cranberries are abundant in the north, and 
 wild grapes, blackberries, gooseberries, and strawberries, 
 of excellent flavor, grow spontaneously, and give assur- 
 ance that the corresponding domestic fruits can be culti- 
 vated with success. Walnuts, hickory nuts, and hazel 
 nuts, are unusually abundant, and generally oak and 
 beech mast is found in such quantities as to contribute 
 largely both to feeding and fattening hogs. 
 
 ZOOLOGY. The buffalo and elk, once the zoological 
 monarchs of the country, have disappeared from the scene 
 of their former glories. They were formerly very numer- 
 ous, and have left behind them ineffaceable tracks or 
 paths. The bear, panther, wild cat, beaver, and others, 
 are now but seldom met with, except where the lands have 
 not come under cultivation. Wolves are still numerous, 
 and still more numerous are the deer, oppossums, rac- 
 coons, squirrels, 'etc. Besides these, the fox, porcupine, 
 pole cat, ground hog, rabbit, mink, musk rat, weazel, 
 mole, mouse, gopher, etc., are found in particular locali- 
 ties, but not usually in great numbers. The rat, not an 
 indigenous animal, is becoming a denizen, and appears to 
 increase in number in ratio with the population, and 
 spreads to the new settlements along with the pioneer. 
 The usual domestic animals have all been imported. The 
 birds originally belonging to this country are the wild 
 turkey, prairie fowl, partridge or quail, pigeons, geese, 
 ducks, cranes, etc., all which are frequently seen in great
 
 PUBLIC LANDS. 21 
 
 numbers. Pheasants, paroquets, woodpeckers, f^d birds, 
 mocking birds, and humming birds, and indeed most 
 of the birds of the Eastern States are found here, 
 but usually are not numerous. Of the carnivorous spe- 
 cies the eagle, buzzard, hawk, crow or raven, owl, etc., 
 are occasionally seen. Rattlesnakes and copperheads, 
 formerly numerous, are now seldom found, having been 
 consumed by the prairie fires, or destroyed by hogs. The 
 varieties of fish are not great ; those in the tributa- 
 ries of the Ohio are the pike, perch, sucker, shovel fish, 
 garr, buffalo, etc., while perch, trout, white fish, etc., are 
 found in the northern lakes and small streams that empty 
 into Lake Michigan. With regard to insects, all that need 
 be said is, that no state in the same latitude is better sup- 
 plied, and that in many parts musquitos are not scarce. 
 
 PUBLIC LANDS. In all new states and territories the 
 public lands are surveyed and sold under a uniform sys- 
 tem. In the surveys, meridian lines are first established, 
 running due north and south, and these are intersected at 
 right angles, running east and west, by what are termed 
 base lines. 
 
 The FIRST principal meridian is a line running due 
 north and south from the mouth of the Miami river, and 
 is, in fact, the east line of Indiana ; and the SECOND prin- 
 cipal meridian is a line due north and south from Little 
 Blue river, 85 miles west of the former. Other meridians 
 are established further west, but these are all the princi- 
 pal meridians referring to the surveys in Indiana. The 
 only base line running through the state crosses it east 
 and west in lat. 38 30' north, leaving the Ohio about 25 
 miles above Louisville, and striking the Wabash about 
 four miles above the mouth of White river. 
 
 From this base line townships of six miles square, Or 
 containing 36 square miles, are numbered north and south,
 
 22 
 
 and from the second principal meridian all the ranges of 
 townships are numbered east and west, except those in 
 the counties of Switzerland, Ohio, Dearborn, and parts of 
 Franklin, Union, Wayne, and Randolph. The part of the 
 state containing these, attached to the Cincinnati Land 
 Office, was surveyed in townships from a base line 15 miles 
 north of the former, and in ranges west of the first princi- 
 pal meridian. 
 
 The following diagram represents townships laid off 
 north and south of a base line, and ranges laid off east and 
 west of a meridian. The former are represented on the 
 maps in Arabic figures, thus : 1 , 2, 3, 4, etc., and the latter 
 in roman figures, thus : I., II., III., IV., etc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 = 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 :. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 :i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -. 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 VI. 
 
 v . 
 
 IV. 
 
 in. 
 
 ii. 
 
 ,. 
 
 1 
 I. 
 
 II 
 
 II!. 
 
 IV. 
 
 V. 
 
 V! 
 
 E 
 
 
 
 
 
 EC 
 
 -" 
 
 *s 
 
 1 
 
 l.i 
 
 B& 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ft, 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 = 
 
 :; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Townships, as above surveyed, are subdivided into 36 
 equal parts or sections, each containing one square mile, 
 or 640 acres. The sections are again subdivided into half
 
 PUBLIC LANDS. 
 
 sections of 320 acres, quarter sections of 160 acres, eighth 
 sections of 80 acres, and sixteenth sections of 40 acres. 
 Fractional sections, or other subdivisions, are such as are 
 intersected by streams, confirmed claims or reservations, 
 and are of various sizes. 
 
 The township is laid off into sections, commencing at the 
 northeast corner, and numbering from east to west, and 
 from west to east alternately, as in Diagram No. 1 ; and 
 the method of subdividing the sections into halves, quar- 
 ters, eighths, and sixteenths, is shown in Diagram No. 2. 
 
 DIAGRAM No. 1. 
 
 DIAGRAM No. 2. 
 
 Half. 
 
 Quarter. 
 
 Eighth. 
 
 Six- ' Six- 
 teenth. teenth. 
 
 The sixteenth section of all public lands, marked in Dia- 
 gram No. 1 thus * is reserved for the support of public 
 schools. Five per cent, of all moneys received is also ex- 
 pended for the benefit of the state, and two per cent, for the 
 construction of roads. 
 
 In the state of Indiana there are six land districts, 
 with an office attached to each, open for the sale and entry 
 of the public lands; viz., the Jeffersonville district, the 
 Vincennes district, the Indianapolis district, the Craw- 
 fordsville district, the Fort Wayne District, and the Wina- 
 mac district. The offices above referred to are located at 
 the towns indicated in the nomenclature of the several 
 districts, and have each a register and receiver.
 
 24 
 
 Lands bought of the government are excepted from tax- 
 ation for five years next after purchase. All other lands 
 owned by residents and non-residents are subject to taxa- 
 tion for state and county purposes. 
 
 The following exhibit shows the condition of the lands 
 of Indiana on the 1st of January, 1849 : 
 
 Total area of the state in acres 21,637,760 
 
 Quantity surveyed up to Jan. 1, 1849 21,487,760 
 
 Quantity proclaimed for sale 21,359,707 
 
 Quantity sold up to date 15,477,629 
 
 Quantity otherwise disposed of, namely : 
 
 Common School Reserves 650,317 
 
 Donated to State University 46,080 
 
 " for Internal Improvements 1,609,862 
 
 " to Individuals , 843 
 
 " for Seat of Government 2,560 
 
 Military Bounties (war 1812) 69,777 
 
 " (Mexican War) 189,540 
 
 Saline Reserves 24,435 
 
 Indian Reserves 126,221 
 
 Private Claims confirmed 179,881 
 
 Swamp lands 981,682 
 
 Lands open for sale and entry 3,271,731 
 
 The number of acres of the public lands sold in each 
 fiscal year since the establishment of land oflices in the 
 state, have been as follows : 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Acres. Tear. 
 
 Acres. Year. 
 
 Acres. 
 
 1807 
 
 33,063.83 
 
 1815 
 
 155,985.52 
 
 1823 
 
 151,893.41 
 
 1808 
 
 47,867.51 
 
 1816 
 
 371,374.80 
 
 1824 
 
 157,24621 
 
 1809 
 
 31,242.89 
 
 1817 
 
 272,023,12 
 
 1825 
 
 157.102.lg 
 
 1810 
 
 35,711.79 
 
 1818 
 
 192,586,15 
 
 1826 
 
 197,195.16 
 
 1811 
 
 44,949.91 
 
 1819 
 
 56,461.09 
 
 1827 
 
 205,476.37 
 
 1812 
 
 35,876.26 
 
 1820 
 
 165,482.02 
 
 1828 
 
 245,073.60 
 
 1813 
 
 55,050.98 
 
 1821 
 
 266,340.52 
 
 1829 
 
 339,744.83 
 
 1814 
 
 137,135.96 
 
 1822 
 
 252,573.64 
 
 1830 
 
 465,576.69
 
 ABORIGINES. 
 
 Year. Acres. 
 1831 537,237.64 
 1832 531,858.68 
 1833 534,484.44 
 1834 650,665.81 
 1835 1,547,500.21* 
 1836 3.016,960,77* 
 1837 1,131,327.84* 
 To which total must b 
 of land sold in that 
 district, which is sit 
 namely, 
 
 1838 497,800.08 
 1839 572,474.89 
 1840 102,277.45 
 1841 93,746.82 
 1842 54,000.29 
 1843 46,543.40 
 1844 99,999.99 
 e added the quantity 
 jart of the Cincinnati 
 uated within Indiana, 
 
 Year. 
 1845 
 1846 
 1847 
 1848 
 
 Total 
 
 73,257.42 
 108,528.65 
 230,627.51 
 396,043.89 
 
 14,298,369.50 
 1.179.259.50 
 
 Total quantity sold 15,477,629.00 
 
 Amount received for lands sold $21,316,100.00 
 
 Amount of the 5 per cent fund 
 
 " " 2 " " 
 
 ABORIGINES. The Indians found in this state by Eu- 
 ropeans were evidently not entitled to be considered as the 
 aborigines. The true aboriginal inhabitants were the 
 " mound builders," but whence they came, who they were, 
 and whither they went, who can tell ? Their existence is 
 only evidenced by the remains of their earthworks and 
 other relics, which, however, are numerous throughout the 
 state. The Indians who held the lands at a later period 
 were chiefly of the Miami and Pottowottame family, but 
 were divided and subdivided into numerous tribes, bear- 
 ing distinct names. The Pottowottame families resided 
 chiefly in the northern section, and the Miamis in the mid- 
 dle and southern parts. It is not our purpose to enter 
 into a history of these people. It suffices to say that they 
 have been displaced, and that their lands have fallen into 
 other hands. On the subject of the antiquities referable 
 to the original occupants, the erudite author of the Indi- 
 ana Gazetteer thus descants : 
 
 * Chiefly purchased by speculators. 
 3
 
 26 INDIANA. 
 
 " Mounds, similar to those in Ohio and other Western 
 states, are found in considerable numbers in this state ; 
 but there are none that have attracted much attention, 
 except three in the neighborhood of Vincennes. These, at 
 a distance, resemble immense hay stacks, and on being ap- 
 proached, each appears to cover about an acre of ground, 
 and to rise gradually to a point, probably from eighty to 
 one hundred feet high. It is impossible to conceive, at the 
 present day, for what object these immense piles were 
 erected. Their situation is not such as to lead us to sup- 
 pose that they were constructed for any purpose connected 
 with war or defense, and as they were built without the 
 aid of iron tools, it would not be surprising if, among a 
 sparse population, their erection required the labor of 
 many years. Human bones have been found in such as 
 have been opened, and in some of them are strata of earth 
 composing the mound, which differ from each other and 
 from the earth in the immediate vicinity. The different 
 layers of earth were about a foot in thickness, and between 
 them charcoal and ashes were found, in which human 
 bones lay in a horizontal position. From these facts it 
 has been conjectured, that when the monuments were 
 erected, it was customary to burn the dead, and then 
 cover the bones with earth, and that probably from time 
 to time this process was repeated until the mound was 
 finished. Religious ceremonies and superstitious rites 
 may also have been connected with these works. They 
 are most frequent in the vicinity of alluvial bottoms, and 
 where even in early times the abundance of game, and 
 other advantages, would accommodate the most popula- 
 tion. 
 
 " There are none of these works which cannot claim a 
 great antiquity, for the trees on them differ in no respect as 
 regards age, from those in the venerable forests around.
 
 PRESENT INHABITANTS. 27 
 
 While these memorials of an age long past are so distinct, 
 the large establishment of the Jesuits at Ouiatenon, and 
 the various military -works* of the state, formerly so im- 
 portant for defense against Indian hostilities, scarcely 
 show any remains of what they once were. 
 
 " On the bottom of Big Flat Rock, in the northwest 
 corner of Decatur county, is a mound about eighty feet in 
 diameter, and eight feet high, originally covered with 
 trees, like the other forests around. An excavation was 
 made into it a few years since. First, there was a mix- 
 ture of earth, sand, and gravel for one foot ; then dark 
 earth, charcoal, lime, and burnt pebbles were cemented 
 together so as to be penetrated with difficulty ; then a bed 
 of loose sand and gravel, mixed with charcoal; then were 
 found the bones of a human being, in a reclining position, 
 with a flat stone over the breast and another under the 
 scull. Most of the bones were nearly decomposed, but 
 some of them, and a part of the teeth, were quite sound. 
 From the size of such of the bones of the skeleton as re- 
 main, it must have once been of gigantic size. A short 
 distance from this mound is a much smaller one, which 
 contains a great number of skeletons." 
 
 PRESENT INHABITANTS. The French were the first 
 Europeans that settled within the limits of Indiana, and 
 their first permanent settlement was at Vincennes, on the 
 Wabash. At this period the country was included in that 
 extensive boundary called New France, which was ceded 
 to Great Britain in 1763. This cession stayed the progress 
 of settlement, and it was not before the commencement of 
 the present century that any farther accession to the popu- 
 lation was made. The country, however, was found invit- 
 ing, and since then has been rapidly thrown open, and has 
 been as rapidly filled up by people from all lands. Ire- 
 land, Germany, and the eastern states of the union, have
 
 28 INDIANA. 
 
 been the principal contributors to the state, but it would 
 at the same time be more difficult to mark out the due 
 proportions of each, than to say what nationality is not 
 represented in the blood of the Indiana people. The popu- 
 lation at the present time amounts to 988,416, and is thus 
 classed in the census of 1850 : 
 
 Classes. Males. Females. Total. 
 
 White Persons 506,400 471,205 977,605 
 
 Indians (in Cass County). 8 15 23 
 
 Colored 5,472 5,316 10,788 
 
 Total 511,880 476,536 988,416 
 
 And in order to exhibit its actual and relative progress, 
 the following abstract of each census from 1800 is ap- 
 pended : 
 
 Date of 
 
 Census. 
 
 \Vbite 
 Persons. 
 
 Colored 
 Free. 
 
 Persons. 
 Slave." 
 
 Total 
 
 Popula. 
 
 Decennial : 
 
 Increase. 
 Per 100. 
 
 1800 
 
 4,577 
 
 163 
 
 135 
 
 4,875 
 
 
 
 
 
 1810 
 
 23,890 
 
 393 
 
 237 
 
 24,520 
 
 19,645 
 
 402.9 
 
 1820 
 
 145,758 
 
 1,230 
 
 190 
 
 147,178 
 
 122,658 
 
 500.2 
 
 1830 
 
 339,399 
 
 3,629 
 
 3 
 
 343,031 
 
 195,853 
 
 133.8 
 
 1840 
 
 678,698 
 
 7,165 
 
 3 
 
 685,866 
 
 342,835 
 
 99.9 
 
 1850 
 
 977,628 
 
 10,768 
 
 
 
 988,416 
 
 302,550 
 
 44.1 
 
 The distribution of the population to the several counties 
 is given, with the special description thereof. 
 
 Kapid increase of population is one of the chief indica- 
 tions of a happy state of society, and depends solely on the 
 absence of checks caused by misgovernment and want of 
 employment. In a new country like Indiana, where free 
 republican institutions exist in their full power, and where 
 so much vacant land is to be found, these drawbacks must 
 necessarily exist to a very limited extent, and hence it is 
 that we find an increase in every thing pertaining to the 
 general prosperity of the state, and a special ratio of in- 
 
 * Or more properly, indentured apprentices.
 
 PRODUCTIVE INDUSTRY. 29 
 
 crease in relation to population. No want of .the means 
 of subsistence is known to the industrious, and early mar- 
 riages, the result of a plentiful abundance and easy cir- 
 cumstances, insure a regular recuperation of numbers in 
 a natural way ; and the same causes are the inducements 
 to immigration. The above tables tell the result of so 
 auspicious a combination of circumstances, and from them 
 we find that from 1840 to 1850 the absolute increase of 
 population was 302,550, and its relative increase 44.11 per 
 centum an increase which, if sustained, would indicate a 
 duplication of the population about every twenty-two and 
 a half years. The following statistics, as exhibited in the 
 census of 1850, will elucidate the condition of the people 
 at that period in regard to housing, pauperism, crime, and 
 the infirmities incident to all communities. The number of 
 dwelling houses was 170,178, and the number of families, 
 171,564, each of which in the aggregate containing 5.82 
 persons ; the number of paupers was 861, or about 0.87 
 per 1,000 of the population; the number of convicts was 
 81, or about 0.08 per 1,000 of the population; the num- 
 ber of blind persons was 278 ; of deaf and dumb persons, 
 517 ; of insane persons, 442 ; and of idiots, 617 ; the num- 
 ber of marriages in 1849-50 was 11,231, and the number 
 of deaths, 12,728. 
 
 PRODUCTIVE INDUSTRY. The industry of the people is 
 chiefly devoted to agricultural pursuits and commerce. 
 The trades and manufactures, although these have made 
 considerable progress, are yet engaged in to a compara- 
 tively limited extent. Commerce and transportation are 
 in a most prosperous condition. 
 
 Agriculture. The number of farms under cultivation 
 in 1850 was 93,896, and the quantity of land improved at 
 that date, 5,019,822 acres, or about one fourth part of the 
 surface of the state. The value of these farm lands was
 
 30 INDIANA. 
 
 assessed at $128,325,552, and the value of farming utensils 
 at $6,748,722. The live stock, valued in the aggregate at 
 $22,398,965, consisted of 310,475 horses, 7,068 mules and 
 asses, 280,052 milch cows, 37,108 working oxen, 385,969 
 other descriptions of horned cattle, 1,068,413 sheep, and 
 2,314,909 swine. The products from animals in ihe year 
 1849-50 was wool, 2,202,763 pounds ; butter, 12,748,186 
 pounds, and cheese 666,986 pounds ; and animals slaugh- 
 tered were valued at $5,668,374. The quantity of honey 
 and beeswax obtained was 830,261 pounds, and of silk co- 
 coons 1,591 pounds. The great grain crop is that of Indian 
 corn, which in 1849-50 amounted to 52,887,564 bushels. 
 The crop of wheat amounted to 5,625,474 bushels ; that of 
 oats to 5,269,645 bushels ; and the crops of buckwheat, 
 rye, and barley, to 174,972, 80,948, and 39,815 bushels 
 respectively. The hay crop was 402,791 tons ; that of 
 clover seed 17,591 bushels, and of other grass seed 35,803 
 bushels; that of peas and beans, 38,109 bushels; that of 
 Irish potatoes, 1,969,693 bushels, and of sweet potatoes, 
 211,925 bushels. The value of garden products was 
 $68,134, and of the products of the orchard, $339,000. 
 Beside those above enumerated, there was produced, 
 tobacco, 1,035,146 pounds; wine, 13,004 gallons; hops, 
 124,685 pounds'; hemp, 1,569 tons; flax, 559,508 pounds ; 
 and cotton, 2,000 pounds; also, maple sugar, 2,921,638 
 pounds, and maple molasses, 181,518 gallons. The value 
 of home-made goods is stated at $1,647,200. 
 
 Manufactures. -The total capital invested in manufac- 
 tures amounted in 1850 to $7,235,220, which was distrib- 
 uted to 4,326 establishments, and the value of manufactured 
 products was $19,199,681. The manufactures of Indiana 
 center in no one locality, but are distributed more or less 
 to all the counties. The manufactures of iron, cotton, 
 and wool, employ but a small moiety of the aggregate
 
 PRODUCTIVE INDUSTRY. 
 
 31 
 
 capital. The chief towns in which any large factories are 
 established are Madison, Jeffersonville, and Cannelton on 
 the Ohio, and some of the principal towns on the Wabash. 
 The manufacture of iron is mainly confined to the western 
 portion of the state. In 1849-50 there were in the whole 
 state but 19 establishments pursuing this branch, the sta- 
 tistics of which are as follows : 
 
 Pig Iro 
 
 Cast Iron. 
 14 
 
 $32i900 
 $66,918 
 143 
 $3,600 
 $149,430 
 
 Wr't. Iron. 
 3 
 
 $17,000 
 $4,425 
 24 
 
 $594 
 $11,760 
 
 Total, 
 
 19 
 
 $171,900 
 $95,743 
 255 
 $6,384 
 
 Number of establishments, 2 
 
 Capital invested, $72,000 
 
 Value of raw material, $24,400 
 Hands employed, 88 
 
 Monthly wages paid, $2,290 
 
 Value of Products, $58,000 
 
 The manufacture of cotton goods employs only two es- 
 tablishments and 95 hands ; capital invested, $43,220 ; 
 value of raw material, etc. , $28,220, and value of products, 
 $44,200 ; and the woolen manufactures employ 33 houses 
 and 226 hands; capital invested $171,545; value of raw 
 material and fuel used, $120,486, and of products, $205,802. 
 From these statistics it will be seen that the great manu- 
 factures of the Union bear but a small proportion in regard 
 to the miscellaneous manufactures in Indiana. The bal- 
 ance of the capital, after deducting these from the aggre- 
 gate invested, is employed chiefly in milling, tanneries, 
 distilling, and other manufactures incident to an agricul- 
 tural country. In this account of manufactures, however, 
 it must be observed that none are taken into account, the 
 products of which do not amount to $500 per annum. 
 
 Commerce. The staples of export from Indiana consist 
 chiefly of its agricultural products. Flour and pork, how- 
 ever, may be considered as the exportable material, the 
 first of which is exported chiefly from the north, and the 
 latter from the south outlets ; and to these may be added 
 horses, cattle, corn, poultry, the products of the dairy,
 
 32 INDIANA. 
 
 and other agricultural staples. The numerous railroads, 
 with the canals, form the great avenues of transportation, 
 and it may here be observed that scarcely any portion of 
 the state is now far away from one or more of these. Be- 
 yond the state the greatest facilities are enjoyed for trans- 
 port to the seaboard ; the Ohio river on the south forms a 
 great highway to the west and to the gulf of Mexico, and 
 east to Pittsburg, and the line of railway and canal 
 through Pennsylvania to the Atlantic. The northern 
 lakes in like manner afford a direct communication with 
 the railroad and canal systems of New York and New 
 England, and also to the British provinces. The great 
 bulk of the commercial material, however, is sent to New 
 York for export to foreign countries, but nevertheless a 
 considerable moiety of the whole is carried farther east to 
 New England, the great industrial hive of the Union, 
 for consumption , and in a lesser amount to New Orleans. 
 The returns for these exports are goods of every descrip- 
 tion. The ports on the Ohio river are Lawrenceburg, 
 Madison, Jefferson, New Albany, Fredonia, Evansville, 
 etc; and on Lake Erie, in Sandusky, Cleveland, etc., in 
 Ohio, which are reached by canal and railroad. Michigan 
 City, on Lake Michigan, is the sole port of consequence on 
 the northwest. 
 
 Banks. The " State Bank of Indiana" is the only insti- 
 tution of the kind known to the laws of the state. The 
 principal office is located at Indianapolis, and there are 
 branches at Redford, Evansville, Fort Wayne, Indianapo- 
 lis, Lafayette, Lawrenceburg, Madison, Michigan City, 
 New Albany, Richmond, South Bend, Terre Haute, and 
 Vincennes. The bank does not issue or pay notes, except 
 at its several branches. The aggregate condition of this 
 institution on the 16th November, 1850, is shown in the 
 following figures :
 
 33 
 
 Liabilities. 
 Capital (State) $1,006,604 27 
 (individuals) 3,076,346 32 
 
 Resources. 
 
 Notes discounted ...$1,709,935 38 
 Bills of exchange . . . 2,414,951 06 
 
 $2,082,950 59 
 Surplus funds $750,678 17 
 Profit and loss 97,258 59 
 Divid. unredeemed. . 27,661 91 
 
 $4,124,886 44 
 
 Suspended debt $270,213 77 
 Banking houses, etc. 175,610 22 
 Other real estate .... 188,623 32 
 
 Suspended int., etc. . 34,600 66 
 
 $634,447 31 
 
 $910,199 33 
 
 Due to banks 112,175 47 
 Due sinking fund . . . 43,467 83 
 Due school fund 2,763 93 
 
 Funds in E. cities . . . $449,153 09 
 Due from banks 148,86117 
 Remittances, etc 247,048 01 
 Ind. treas. notes 108,485 00 
 
 Branch balances 6,168 75 
 
 $943,547 27 
 
 $164,575 98 
 Due depositors $556,432 70 
 
 Notes of other banks $224 ; 842 00 
 Gold and silver 1,197,880 58 
 
 Notes in circulation .$3,548,267 50 
 Less notes on hand 126 822 50 
 
 1,422,722 58 
 
 
 
 $3,421,445 00 
 
 
 Total liabilities .$7,135,603 60 
 
 Total resources. $7,135,603 60 
 
 CANALS. The W abash and Erie canal is the greatest 
 work of internal improvement in Indiana. The act of 
 Congress, granting lands for its construction, was passed 
 in 1827, and additional grants were made by the acts of 
 1841 and 1845. The canal was commenced in 1832, and 
 completed to Lafayette in 1841 ; to Covington in 1846, to 
 Coal Creek in 1847, to Terre Haute in 1849, and to Point 
 Commerce in 1851 ; and its final completion to Evansville, 
 on the Ohio, is fixed for 1853. The length of the canal in 
 Indiana is 375 miles, and in Ohio from the state line to 
 Toledo, on Maumee Bay, 84 miles ; making, on the whole, 
 a line of artificial inland navigation equal to 459 miles ; 
 and in addition to this the navigable channel is continued 
 southward to Cincinnati, 181 miles, through the Miami 
 canal. The Whitewater canal, connecting the navigation
 
 34 INDIANA. 
 
 of the Ohio at Lawrenceburg with Cambridge City and' 
 the towns on the Great National road, is 76 miles long. 
 Many other canals were included in the original design, 
 and some were commenced, but all else than the above 
 have been abandoned. The expenses attending the prose- 
 cution of these great works laid the foundation of the 
 present public debt. 
 
 RAILROADS. In the great enterprise of the age, Indi- 
 ana has outstripped all its western competitors, save Ohio, 
 which alone has eclipsed it in the grandeur of its system 
 of internal improvements. The lines of this state com- 
 pleted, progressing, and proposed, the latter including 
 only those that will be built, extend in length upward of 
 1,600 miles, of which 640 miles, more or less, are in suc- 
 cessful operation. The names and lengths of the several 
 roads are as follows : 
 
 1. The Madison and Indianapolis railroad, extending 
 between the two places, and running through Wirt, Lan- 
 caster, Vernon, Queensville, Scipio, Elizabethtown, Co- 
 lumbus, Taylorsville, Edinburg, Franklin, Greenwood, 
 Southport, etc. , has a length of 86 miles. Branches con- 
 necting with this line diverge from Edinburg to Shelby- 
 ville, 16 miles, and thence to Rushville, 20 miles, and to 
 Knightstown, 27 miles ; and from Franklin, through 
 Liberty and Morgantown, to Martinsville, 29 miles. 
 
 2. The Jeffersonville and Columbus railroad, running 
 through Sellusburg, Vienna, Rockford, Azalia, etc., is 
 66 miles long, uniting with the Madison and Indianapolis 
 railroad at Columbus, whence to Indianapolis, is 41 miles. 
 
 3. The New Albany and Salem railroad, now open to 
 Gosport, and which is intended to be continued to Craw- 
 fordsville, whence to Lafayette the line is already com- 
 pleted, and from the latter place directly to Michigan 
 City, will be the longest line in the state % From New
 
 RAILROADS. 35 
 
 Albany to Salem the distance is 35 miles, and thence to 
 Gosport, by way of Bedford and Bloomington, it is 44 miles, 
 and to Crawfordsville 51 miles; from Crawfordsville to 
 Lafayette the distance is 26 miles, and from Lafayette to 
 Michigan City 97 miles ; in all, about 253 miles. In its 
 course it will intersect the Cincinnati and St. Louis rail- 
 road, the Terre Haute and Indianapolis railroad, the Wa- 
 bash and Erie canal, and the northern lines of railroad 
 running round the head of Lake Michigan, all of which 
 will become its tributaries. 
 
 4. The Lawrenceburg and Indianapolis railroad will 
 pass through Greensburg, St. Omer, and Shelbyville, a 
 distance of 91 miles. 
 
 5. The Evansville and Illinois railroad, now finished to 
 Princeton, 26 miles, will be extended to Vincennes, 25 
 miles farther, and perhaps to Terre Haute. 
 
 6. The Terre Haute and Indianapolis railroad, taking 
 almost the direction of the National road, will unite the 
 two places, distant 72 miles, and in connection with the 
 Indiana Central railroad, form an east and west line from 
 Ohio to Illinois. 
 
 7. The Indiana Central railroad, 71 miles long, ex- 
 tends from Indianapolis to Richmond, and is continued 
 thence four miles to the Ohio line by the Richmond rail- 
 road. 
 
 8. The Cincinnati and St. Louis railroad will extend 
 from the eastern line of the s&ite to Vincennes, on the 
 Wabash, about 160 miles, and be continued thence through 
 Illinois. 
 
 9. The JVew Castle and Richmond railroad, connecting 
 the two places, is 27 miles long. 
 
 10. The Indianapolis and Bellefontaine railroad, one 
 of the most important in the state, commences at Indian- 
 apolis, where it connects with the roads diverging there-
 
 from, and runs thence in a northeastern direction through 
 Pendleton, Andersontown, and Muncietown, to the Ohio 
 state line, a distance of 83 miles, where it connects with 
 the railroads of Ohio. 
 
 11. The Lafayette and Indianapolis railroad passes in 
 an almost direct line between the two places, a distance of 
 68 miles. 
 
 12. The Peru and Indianapolis railroad is 73 miles 
 long, and runs in a north and south direction, through 
 Noblesville, Buena Vista, Kokomo, Miami, Leonda, etc. 
 
 13. The Northern Indiana railroad, a continuation of 
 the Southern Michigan railroad, extends from the north- 
 ern state line, about five miles east of where the line is 
 cut by St. Joseph's river, through Bristol, Elkhart, South 
 Bend, New Carlisle, La Porte, and thence onward to the 
 western line of the state, and beyond it to Chicago in Illi- 
 nois. Its length is 135 miles, and it has branches to Go- 
 shen and Michigan City. The Michigan Central railroad 
 is also being carried round the head of Lake Michigan 
 toward Chicago. 
 
 These are the principal lines, but there are others ; and 
 many whose old charters have laid dormant for years will 
 now be brought into existence. 
 
 OTHER ROADS. The state has long been provided with 
 good macadamized roads and ordinary county roads, 
 and in many of these the public treasury is a large cred- 
 itor. The plank-road system has been introduced, and 
 already from and between the more considerable cities 
 and towns this species of communication has become very 
 common. But it is unnecessary in this place to enter into 
 the details of them the map, of which this volume is an 
 accompaniment, will more readily convey to the inquirer 
 information respecting them than the most labored de- 
 ecription possibly could do.
 
 GOVERNMENT. 37 
 
 GOVERNMENT. The government, as now organized, is 
 based on the constitution which went into operation No- 
 vember 1st, 1851. This instrument of the fundamental 
 law of the state secures the right of voting at elections to 
 every white male citizen of the United States, twenty-one 
 years of age, resident in the state six months next preced- 
 ing, and to every white male of foreign birth, resident in 
 the United States one year, and in the state six months next 
 preceding, who shall have duly declared his intention to 
 become a citizen of the United States. No negro or mu- 
 latto can vote ; and all persons using bribery, threats, or 
 rewards, to procure their election, shall be ineligible to 
 hold office during the term for which they may have been 
 elected. Duelists and public defaulters are barred from 
 all offices of profit and trust. All elections by the people 
 are by ballot, and all elections by the General Assembly 
 are viva voce. The second Tuesday in October is the day 
 on which the general elections are held. 
 
 The legislative powers are vested in a General Assem- 
 bly, which consists of a Senate of not more than fifty mem- 
 bers, and House of Representatives of not more than one 
 hundred members, both classes being elected from districts 
 by the people thereof, the senators for four years, and the 
 representatives for two years ; and the former must be at 
 least twenty -five years old, and the latter at least twenty- 
 one years old. They must be at the time of their election 
 citizens of the United States, residents of the state for the 
 two years next preceding and of the district by which 
 chosen for one year. One half the senate and all the 
 representatives are renewed biennially. The General 
 Assembly convenes at Indianapolis biennially on the Thurs- 
 day next after the first Monday of January, and it is ex- 
 pressly provided in the constitution that no regular session 
 shall continue for more than sixty-one, and no special 
 4
 
 session for more than forty days. The lieutenant-governor 
 is ex-officio president of the senate; the representatives 
 elect their own speaker. 
 
 The executive powers of the state are vested in a 
 governor, who is chosen by a plurality of the popular 
 votes, for four years. The governor must be at least 
 thirty years old, and have been a citizen and resident of 
 the United States and of the state for the five years next 
 preceding his election. Persons holding office under the 
 state or United States are ineligible for the office of gov- 
 ernor of the state. The gubernatorial term commences on 
 the second Monday of January. In case of the removal 
 or death of the governor, the lieutenant-governor (elected 
 at the same time and under the same circumstances as the 
 governor) would succeed to the office, and should disability 
 or death prevent him from assuming the dignity, then it 
 is competent for the General Assembly to appoint some 
 other person. The governor has the power to grant par- 
 dons, etc., except in cases of treason and impeachment ; 
 he may veto an act of the legislature, but, if afterward 
 passed by a majority of those elected to both houses, it 
 becomes law nevertheless. The governor is not eligible 
 for re-election until the expiration of four years from the 
 close of his official term. 
 
 The chJef administrative officers namely, the secretary 
 of state, the auditor of the public accounts, and the 
 treasurer of state, are chosen by the people for two years, 
 and no persons are eligible for these offices for more than 
 four out of every six years. 
 
 The administrative officers of the counties are chosen 
 by the voters of the counties respectively, and of these 
 the most important are the county auditor, recorder, 
 treasurer, sheriff, coroner, and surveyor, also the clerk 
 of the circuit court ; the two first and last one are elected
 
 FINANCES. 39 
 
 for four years, and are not eligible for office for more than 
 eight in every twelve years, and the others hold office for 
 two years, but no one is eligible to the office of treasurer 
 or sheriff more than four out of six years. All county 
 officers must be inhabitants of the places from which they 
 are chosen for at least one yefir before their election, and 
 they and town officers must reside in their precincts. 
 
 The judiciary consists of a supreme court, circuit 
 courts, and other courts of inferior jurisdiction. The SU- 
 PREME COURT, to consist of not less than three, nor more 
 than five judges, has appellate jurisdiction, and such origi- 
 nal jurisdiction as the legislature may direct. The 
 judges are chosen from districts by the people at large for 
 six years, and the clerk of the court is chosen for four 
 years. The CIRCUIT COURTS consist of one judge for each 
 circuit, chosen by the people thereof for six years, and a 
 prosecuting attorney, elected for two years. Justices of 
 the peace are chosen for four years by the people in the 
 several towns. The practice of law in all the courts of the 
 state is open to all voters of good moral character. His 
 opinions on matters of religion does not render a witness 
 incompetent in any case; and in all criminal cases the 
 juries may determine the law and the facts. 
 
 FINANCES. The official report of the auditor of public 
 accounts, made on the 31st of October, 1850, gives the 
 following statements of the revenue and expenditures, 
 debt of the state, etc. : 
 
 Balance in the treasury, 31st Oct., 1849. . . $428,941 19 
 
 Revenue for financial year ending at this 
 
 date $1.432.442 78 $1,861,383 97 
 
 Warrants on the treasury for year end- 
 ing at this date $1,513,53404 
 
 Balance in the treasury 31st Oct., 1850. , $347,849 93 
 
 Principal Sources of Income. Permanent revenue,
 
 40 INDIANA. 
 
 | 
 
 $455,63002; state prison, $11,14542; common school 
 fund, $55,863 00 ; university fund, $9,477 04; bank tax, 
 $1,98419; saline fund, $4,99945; Wabash and Erie 
 canal, by trustees, $857,149 61, etc. 
 
 Chief Expenditures. Legislature, $31,01064; execu- 
 tive, $5,877 93 ; judiciary, $19,705 81 ; public printing, 
 $11,522 49 ; state library, $964 81 ; state prison, $3,606 63 ; 
 treasury notes cancelled, $144, 575 00 ; interest on treasury 
 notes, $59,420 78; interest on public debt, $188,595 00; 
 Wabash and Erie canal, by trustees, $824,987 85; deaf 
 and dumb, $27,97992; blind, $11,78109; insane hos- 
 pital, $32,501 33 ; university fund, $14,332 39 ; saline 
 fund, $7,765 53 ; bank tax fund, $3,624 96, etc. 
 
 The lands assessed for taxes in 1850 amounted to 
 17,025,109 acres, valued for purposes of taxation at 
 $59,314,861, and the improvements were valued at 
 $25,414,851; town lots and buildings at $16,140,540; 
 corporation stock at $286,516; personal property at 
 $36,276,797; total taxable property, $137,443,565. The 
 number of polls assessed in 1850 was 149,983. There is a 
 poll tax of 75 cents, and an ad valorem tax upon property 
 of 25 cents on the $100 for state purposes. The state tax 
 levied for the year 1850 amounted to $571,51274; the 
 county tax to $453,809 24; the road tax to 147,50002; 
 the school tax to $127,641 33 ; other taxes to $32,239 24 ; 
 and delinquent taxes to $186,540 99 ; total taxes for 1850 
 $1,519,243 56. 
 
 Public Debt. Prior to 1847, the state owed on her 
 foreign debt, principal, $11,048,000; interest, $3,326,640; 
 total, $14,374,640. By the acts of the legislature of 19th 
 January, 1846, and 27th January, 1847, proposals were 
 made to the holders of bonds that they should complete 
 the Wabash and Erie canal, and take the state's interest 
 in it for one half of this debt, and the state would issue
 
 FINANCES. 41 
 
 new certificates for the other half, upon which she would 
 pay interest at the rate of 4 per cent, per annum until 
 January, 1853, and after that time at 5 per cent., and 
 issue certificates for one half of the arrears of interest, 
 upon which she would pay interest at the rate of 2 per 
 cent, per annum after January, 1853. In this 2 per 
 cent, stock is also included 1 per cent, per annum upon 
 the principal, which gives the holder of the old bond, 
 when surrendered, 5 per cent, per annum upon the new 
 5 per cent, stock from the dividend day next preceding his 
 surrender of the old bonds. 
 
 August 5, 1850, there had been surrendered of the old 
 bonds, and new certificates taken under this proposition 
 by the state, of principal, $9,563,000, leaving then out- 
 standing of her old bonds, of principal, $1,485,000. The 
 state has issued of the new certificates of stock, paying 4 
 per cent, until 1853, and after that time 5 per cent., 
 $4,781,500; of 2 per cent, stock, she has issued 
 $1,736,727 50. The state keeps an agency in the city of 
 New York for the surrender of the old stock, issuing the 
 new, and receiving transfers of the new. 
 
 The state in 1839-40 authorized the issue of one and a 
 half millions of treasury notes to pay off her internal im- 
 provement liabilities. These notes were made receivable 
 for all state dues, and have been annually returning into 
 the treasury, and are now nearly all withdrawn from cir- 
 culation. The state also issued bonds for the bank capital, 
 and treasury notes to pay the bank a debt which the state 
 owed it. But these treasury notes were based upon a 
 sinking fund belonging to the state and held by the bank. 
 The bank attends to the bonds issued for its capital, and 
 also to the redemption of the notes based upon the sinking 
 fund. The means held by the bank are considered ample 
 for these purposes.
 
 42 INDIANA. 
 
 The liabilities of the state and canal, August 5, 1850, 
 may be thus stated : 
 
 State Debt. 
 
 State's half principal of bonds surrendered $4,781,500 00 
 
 State's half interest on bonds with one per cent. 
 
 of principal, with half of coupons added 1,736,727 50 
 
 Total foreign debt 6,518,227 50 
 
 Add domestic debt 257,295 00 
 
 Total foreign and domestic debt $6,775,522 50 
 
 State Stock 
 
 5 percent. State stock $4,781,500 00 
 
 2| per cent. St ite stock 1.736,727 50 
 
 5 per cent preferred Canal stock 4,079,500 00 
 
 5 per cent, deferred Canal stock 702,000 00 
 
 2.1 per cent special preferred Canal stock 1,216,250 00 
 
 2 per cent, special deferred Canal stock 207,400 00 
 
 Total stocks issued to August 5, 1850 12,723,377 58 
 
 Deduct for 2} per cent. State stocks redeemed . 20,000 00 
 
 Total outstanding, August 5, 1850 812,703,377 50 
 
 The state is paying interest only on her 5 per cent, 
 state stock, at the rate of 4 per cent. After the year 1853 
 the rate of interest on this will be 5 per cent. After 1853 
 the 2 per cent, state stock will draw interest at that rate. 
 The remaining stocks are thrown upon the canal, and their 
 redemption, principal and interest, depends upon the re- 
 ceipts from the canal, in accordance with the provisions of 
 the act above referred to. 
 
 STATE INSTITUTIONS. At Indianapolis are located, 1st. 
 The Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, at which all the 
 deaf mutes of the state, between ten and thirty years old, 
 are entitled to education and board, without charge ; 2d. 
 The Institute for the Blind, also free to all blind citizens 
 not over twenty-one years old ; and 3d. The Hospital for
 
 STATE PRISON EDUCATION. 43 
 
 the Insane, open for the reception of patients from other 
 states, but free only to those of the state of Indiana. 
 These are noble institutions, and well supported. 
 
 STATE PRISON. The state prison is located immediately 
 below the city of Jeffersonville, and is a building of brick, 
 the walls of which are thirty inches thick ; in all, enclosing 
 an area of four acres. The number of convicts in the 
 prison on the 3d November, 1850, was 142, of which 93 
 had been admitted during the year ending at that date. 
 They are lodged in separate cells during the night, and 
 are kept at hard labor, under the silent system, during 
 the day. Of the convicts above named, 12 were less than 
 20 years old, 69 from 20 to 30, 34 from 30 to 40, 16 from 
 40 to 50, and 10 from 50 to 60 ; and 8 were committed for 
 life, 1 for 36 years, and 67 for terms of 2 years and less. 
 With regard to degree of education, it was found that 35 
 had none at all, 25 could read only, 81 could read and 
 write, and only one had had a good English education ; in 
 regard to condition, 54 were married, 13 were widowers, 
 and 75 were single persons ; in regard to habits, 61 were 
 intemperate, 25 were moderate drinkers, and 56 temper- 
 ate ; in regard to nativity, 23 were natives of Indiana, 26 
 of foreign countries, and the remainder of other states of 
 the Union; in regard of color, 128 were white persons, 
 and 14 colored persons ; and in regard to offense, 114 were 
 committed for offenses against property, and 28 for offenses 
 against the person. The number of prisoners discharged 
 during the last year was 83, of which 16 were by pardon, 
 28 by expiration of sentence, 3 by escape, 1 by order of 
 court, and 35 by death. From 1824 to 1830 the average 
 number of prisoners was 35 ; from 1830 to 1840 it was 62, 
 and from 1840 to 1850 it was 133. 
 
 EDUCATION. The old constitution (supplanted in 1851) 
 made it obligatory on the legislature to " pass such laws
 
 44 INDIANA. 
 
 as shall be calculated to encourage intellectual, scienti- 
 fical, and agricultural improvements," and to provide by 
 law for a general system of education, etc. These injunc- 
 tions of constitutional law have no doubt been adminis- 
 tered beneficially, if not to the satisfaction of all ; and it 
 may truly be said that few states have made greater pro- 
 gress in practical education than has the state of In- 
 diana. 
 
 Common Schools. By an act of the legislature, 19th 
 January, 1849, the common school fund was constituted 
 of the following funds, the estimated value of which is as 
 annexed : 
 
 Surplus revenue fund $694,216 91 
 
 Saline fund 20,039 64 
 
 Banktax fund 29,923 25 
 
 Sixteenth section fund, valued at 1,146,035 28 
 
 Total 01,890,215 08 
 
 The new constitution, which also changes somewhat the 
 former organization of the public schools, added to this 
 fund the moneys to be derived from the sale of the old county 
 seminaries (now abolished), and the moneys and property 
 heretofore held for such seminaries ; all fines, forfeitures, 
 and escheats ; and lands not otherwise specially granted, 
 including the net proceeds of the sale of swamp lands 
 granted to the state by the act of Congress, September 
 28th, 1850. " The principal of this fund may be increased, 
 but shall never be diminished, and its income shall be de- 
 voted solely to the support of common schools." The 
 whole system is under the supervision of a superintendent 
 of public instruction, elected every two years by the 
 people at large. There are about 300,000 children of an 
 age proper for receiving education in Indiana, and of these 
 about two thirds attend the common schools.
 
 EDUCATION. 45 
 
 Colleges and Universities. The Indiana University, 
 at Bloomington, is a state institution, and since the 
 organization of the government, has received the support 
 of the public treasury. It is open to persons of every sect 
 in religion, and hence it must steadily advance in pros- 
 perity and usefulness. In 1850, exclusive of the prepara- 
 tory department, it had 5 professors and 176 students; 
 and its library contained 4,200 volumes. The number of 
 its alumni was 200, of which 40 were ministers. Hano- 
 ver College is located at Hanover, a pleasant village on 
 the Ohio river bluffs, 4 miles below Madison. The col- 
 lege buildings are 100 feet long, 40 feet wide, and two 
 stories high. In 1850 it had 9 professors, 100 students, 
 and in its library 4,600 volumes. The institution belongs 
 to the Presbyterian church. Wabash College, at Craw- 
 fordsville, is well appointed, and in 1850 had' 6 professors, 
 43 students, and a library of 6,000 volumes. It is non- 
 sectarian in its character. The Indiana Ashbury Uni- 
 versity is under Methodist auspices, and has been well 
 endowed by that denomination. In 1848 the Central 
 Medical College of Indiana was made a department of the 
 institution. In 1850 there were in the literary depart- 
 ment 8 professors, 120 students, and a library of 4,000 
 volumes. Franklin College, in Johnson county, formerly 
 the Indiana Baptist Manual Labor Institute, is also a 
 nourishing institution, and there are several others, as 
 St. Gabriel's College at Vincennes, and the University of 
 Notre Dame du Lac, near South Bend, Roman Catholic 
 institutions ; the Friends' Boarding- School, etc., all of 
 which stand high as seats of learning. 
 
 The Roman Catholics have a flourishing theological 
 seminary at Vincennes ; and the Indiana Theological 
 Seminary at Hanover, and the New Albany Theological 
 Seminary, under Presbyterian direction, enjoy a well-
 
 46 INDIANA. 
 
 earned reputation for usefulness. The library of the lat- 
 ter contains some 3,000 volumes. 
 
 Law schools are attached to the Indiana State Univer- 
 sity, and also to the Indiana Ashbury University. 
 
 There are two medical schools in the state ; one, the 
 Indiana Central, before mentioned, and another, the Indi- 
 ana Medical College, at La Porte. In 1850 the first had 
 7 professors and 104 students, and the latter 8 professors 
 and 58 students. 
 
 Most of these colleges have philosophical, chemical, and 
 scientific apparatus, museums, and other facilities for il- 
 lustration ; and although they do not claim to come up to 
 the older institutions established in the Atlantic states, 
 yet they are one and all competent to supply to the youth 
 of the state a very reputable education, and fit them for 
 the occupations in which their after life is destined to be 
 occupied. Time is wanted to perfect them, and if the 
 spirit of progress that has hitherto distinguished their 
 career be maintained, no long period will elapse before 
 the educational institutions of Indiana will equal the best 
 appointed in the Union ; and if the cynic should in the 
 interval intrude his criticisms, let it be pointed out to him 
 that scarcely the third of a century has elapsed since the 
 schoolmaster first crossed the borders of the state on his 
 noble mission. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL ESTABLISHMENTS. According to the 
 census of 1850 there were in Indiana 1,892 churches of all 
 sects, and the value of church property was set down at 
 $1,499,713, which sum, of course, does not include the prin- 
 cipal from which the salaries of the clergy are produced. 
 The voluntary system of contributing according to one's 
 means and inclination, is, in fact, the only source from 
 which the temporalities of that class of the population are 
 derived. There is here no state churchy as in Europe, nor
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL ESTABLISHMENTS. 47 
 
 are there churches endowed, as in some of the old cities, 
 which date from the era of the colonies, and hence the 
 minister of the gospel has to depend on his own talents or 
 integrity, as also on individual liberality, for a " living." 
 
 The most numerous denomination is that of the Method- 
 ist church. In 1850 it had two Conferences those of Indi- 
 ana and Northern Indiana. The Indiana Conference had 
 133 traveling, 4 superannuated, and 290 local preachers, 
 and 35,481 church members ; and connected with it were 
 340 Sabbath-schools, having 3,154 teachers, and 16,329 
 scholars. The Northern Indiana Conference had 122 
 traveling, 12 superannuated, and 269 local preachers, and 
 28,324 church members ; and connected therewith were 350 
 Sabbath-schools, with 2,974 teachers, and 16,667 scholars. 
 
 The Baptists rank next in point of numbers. In 1850 
 the Regular Baptists had 24 associations, 392 churches. 
 191 ordained ministers, 47 licensed ministers, and 18,311 
 church members. During the year last past they had 
 1,148 baptisms. The Anti-Mission Baptists had 7 associa- 
 tions, 104 churches, 42 ordained ministers, 8 licensed 
 ministers, and 3,870 members. The minor Baptist sects 
 are also numerous. 
 
 The Presbyterians (0. S.) have 2 synods. The Indiana 
 synod has 5 presbyteries, 64 ministers, 104 churches, and 
 5,288 members. The Northern Indiana synod has 4 
 presbyteries, 31 ministers, 55 churches, and 1,927 mem- 
 bers. 
 
 The Presbyterians (N. S.) have 1 synod, 7 presbyteries, 
 101 churches, 66 ministers, and 4,400 members ; and there 
 are churches belonging to the Cumberland, Associate, 
 Associate Reformed, and other Presbyterian sects. 
 
 The Congregationalists have 9 parishes and 8 ministers, 
 and the Unitarian Congregationalists a church at Can- 
 nelton.
 
 48 INDIANA. 
 
 The Universalists have a state convention, 10 associa- 
 tions, 60 societies, 18 meeting houses, and 32 preachers. 
 They support a high-school at Patriot, two periodicals de- 
 voted to their religious views, and a missionary and tract 
 society. 
 
 The Society of Friends and the Moravian Brethren have 
 also several stations ; the former are pretty numerous ; 
 and all the minor sectaries known to Christianity have 
 more or less standing room in the state. 
 
 With regard to the Roman Catholic and Protestant Epis- 
 copal Church, neither can be said to be numerous. The 
 Roman Church is comprised within the diocese of Vin- 
 cennes, and in 1850 had 77 church edifices, 38 priests in 
 the ministry, 2 religious communities for females, a liter- 
 ary institution for young men, 6 female academies, and 2 
 orphan asylums. The Catholic population is from 45,000 
 to 50,000. The Protestant Episcopalians are supervised 
 by the Bishop of Indiana, the see of whose diocese is La- 
 fayette. This church comprises 21 clergy, 269 families, 
 549 communicants, and its population may be estimated at 
 3,400. 
 
 HISTORY. The French from Canada were the first white 
 men that invaded the wilderness of Indiana. The northern 
 part of the state, as at present bounded, was visited by 
 La Salle and Father Hennepin in 1690, and soon afterward 
 mission stations and trading posts were established on the 
 banks of the W abash. Little is known of the history of 
 these, but it is on record that the river here named was 
 used by the French as one of the thoroughfares between 
 their possessions in Canada and those in Louisiana. The 
 downfall of Quebec sealed also the fate of the posts on the 
 "W abash, and by the treaty of 1763 the whole country east 
 of the Mississippi was ceded to England, and after the 
 struggle of the Revolution it became a part of the United
 
 GOVERNORS OF INDIANA. 49 
 
 States of America. The first settlers (except the French 
 on the Wabash) were from Virginia, and located them- 
 selves at Clarksville in 1786. At this period Indiana 
 formed a part of the " Territory northwest of the Ohio." 
 Its present limits were denned in 1809, when it was erected 
 into a separate territory, and in 1816 it became an inde- 
 pendent state of the Union. 
 
 GOVERNORS OF INDIANA. 
 
 Territorial Governors. 
 Arthur St. Clair (Governor of Territory N. W- of the Ohio) 
 
 William H. Harrison 1801 
 
 Thomas Posey 1812 
 
 Governors under the Constitution. 
 
 Jonathan Jennings, 1816 
 
 Jonathan Jennings, (2d term) 1819 
 
 William Hendricks 1822 
 
 James B. Ray, (acting) Feb.1825 
 
 James B. Ray 1825 
 
 James B. Ray, (2d term) 1828 
 
 Noah Noble 1831 
 
 Noah Noble, (2d term) 1834 
 
 David Wallace 1837 
 
 Samuel Bigger 1840 
 
 James Whitcomb 1843 
 
 James Whitcomb, (2d term) 1846 
 
 Joseph A. Wright 1849 
 
 5
 
 COUNTY SEATS: 
 
 THEIR DISTANCES FROM INDIANAPOLIS. 
 
 County Seats. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 MUes. 
 
 County Seats. I Counties. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Albion 
 
 Noble 
 
 125 NE 
 
 Levenw'rth 
 
 Crawford . . 
 
 126 S 
 
 Anderson.. 
 
 Madison . . . 
 
 34 NE 
 
 Liberty 
 
 Union 
 
 68E 
 
 Angola 
 Auburn 
 
 Sleuben 
 De Kalb . . . 
 
 152 NE 
 134 NE 
 
 Logansport 
 Madison . . . 
 
 Cass 
 
 Jefferson . . . 
 
 70 N 
 86 SE 
 
 Bedford ... 
 
 Lawrence .. 
 
 75 SW 
 
 Marion 
 
 Grant 
 
 68 NE 
 
 Bloomfield. 
 
 Greene 
 
 80 SW 
 
 Martinsville 
 
 Morgan . . . 
 
 31 SW 
 
 Bloomingtn 
 
 Monroe 
 
 518 
 
 Monticello - 
 
 White 
 
 82 NW 
 
 Bluffton ... 
 
 Wells 
 
 101 NE 
 
 Mt. Vernon. 
 
 Posey 
 
 198 SW 
 
 Booneville . 
 
 Warrick . . . 
 
 170 SW 
 
 Munciet'wn 
 
 Delaware... 
 
 58 NE 
 
 Bowling Gr. 
 
 Clay 
 
 60 SW 
 
 Nashville . . 
 
 Brown 
 
 408 
 
 Brookville . 
 
 Franklin. . . 
 
 70 SE 
 
 New Albany 
 
 Floyd 
 
 868 
 
 Brownsto'n 
 
 Jackson 
 
 70S 
 
 Newcastle. 
 
 Henry 
 
 47 NE 
 
 Centerville. 
 
 Wayne 
 
 64E 
 
 New Port . . 
 
 Vermilion . . 
 
 76 W 
 
 Charleston. 
 
 Clarke 
 
 106 SE 
 
 Nobles ville. 
 
 Hamilton . . 
 
 21 NE 
 
 Columbia . . 
 
 Whitley .... 
 
 105 NE 
 
 Oxford .... 
 
 Benton 
 
 95 NW 
 
 Columbus . 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 41 SE 
 
 Paoli 
 
 Orange 
 
 988 
 
 Connersv'le 
 
 Fayette 
 
 62 E 
 
 Peru 
 
 Miami 
 
 68N 
 
 Corydon 
 
 Harrison. . . 
 
 1208 
 
 Petersburg. 
 
 Pike 
 
 118 SW 
 
 Covington . 
 
 Fountain . . 
 
 75 NW 
 
 Plymouth. . 
 
 Marshall... 
 
 114 N 
 
 
 
 48 NW 
 
 Portland 
 
 Jay 
 
 94 NE 
 
 Crown P'int 
 
 Lake . . . 
 
 145 NW 
 
 Princeton.. 
 
 Gibson 
 
 146 SW 
 
 Danville . . . 
 
 Hendricks. . 
 
 20W 
 
 Sensselaer . 
 
 Jasper 
 
 106 NW 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Adams 
 
 HONE 
 
 Rising Sun. 
 
 Ohio 
 
 96 SE 
 
 Delphi 
 
 Carroll .... 
 
 65NW 
 
 [lochester. . 
 
 Fulton 
 
 92 N 
 
 Dover Hill - 
 
 Martin 
 
 106 SW 
 
 Rockport . . 
 
 Spencer 
 
 139 SW 
 
 Evansville . 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 180 SW 
 
 Rockville . . 
 
 Parke 
 
 60 W 
 
 Fort Wayne 
 Frankfort. . 
 
 Allen...... 
 Clinton 
 
 112 NE 
 
 41 NW 
 
 Rome 
 Rushville . . 
 
 Perry 
 Rush 
 
 1268 
 42 SE 
 
 Franklin . . . 
 
 Johnson ... 
 
 20 SE 
 
 Salem 
 
 Washington 
 
 90S 
 
 Goshen 
 
 Elkhart .... 
 
 132 N 
 
 Shelbyville. 
 
 Shelby 
 
 26 SE 
 
 Greencastle 
 
 Putnam 
 
 40 SW 
 
 South Bend 
 
 St. Joseph . . 
 
 141 N 
 
 Greenfield . 
 
 Hancock . . . 
 
 20E 
 
 Spencer . . . 
 
 Owen 
 
 53 SW 
 
 Greensburg 
 
 Decatur 
 
 55 SE 
 
 Sullivan ... 
 
 Sullivan . . . 
 
 127 SW 
 
 Hartford... 
 
 Blackford . . 
 
 75 NE 
 
 Terre Haute 
 
 Vigo 
 
 73 W 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Huntington 
 
 100 NE 
 
 Tipton 
 
 Tipton 
 
 42 N 
 
 INDIANAPO- 
 
 
 
 Valparaiso. 
 
 Porter 
 
 162 NW 
 
 LIS 
 
 Marion 
 
 
 
 Vernon 
 
 Jennings . . 
 
 668 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Dubois 
 
 120 SW 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 Ripley 
 
 71 SE 
 
 Knox 
 
 Starke 
 
 92 NW 
 
 Vevay 
 
 Switzerland. 
 
 96 SE 
 
 Kokomo . . . 
 
 Howard .... 
 
 51 N 
 
 Vincennes . 
 
 Knox 
 
 120 SW 
 
 Lafayette . . 
 
 Tippecanoe. 
 
 63 NW 
 
 Wabash . . . 
 
 Wabash 
 
 92 NE 
 
 La Grange . 
 
 La Grange. 
 
 101 N 
 
 Warsaw . . . 
 
 Kosciusko.. 
 
 109 NE 
 
 La Porte... 
 
 La Porte . . . 
 
 148 NW 
 
 Wasbingt'n 
 
 Oaviess . 
 
 106 SW 
 
 Lawrenceb. 
 
 Dearborn . . 
 
 97 SE 
 
 Winchester 
 
 Warren 
 
 74 NW 
 
 Lebanon 
 
 Boone 
 
 28 NW 
 
 Williamsp't 
 
 Randolph.. 
 
 92 NE 
 
 Lexington . 
 
 Scott 
 
 85 SE 1 
 
 Winnamac. 
 
 y ulaski 
 
 98 NW
 
 COUNTY TOPOGEAPHY. 
 
 ADAMS county, organized 1836, contains 336 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Allen, east by the Ohio 
 state line, south by Jay, and west by Wells. It is drained 
 in the north by St. Mary's river, and in the south by the 
 Wabash, both navigable for keel and flat boats, but now 
 obstructed by mill dams. The surface is generally level, 
 but near the rivers above named it is undulating. About 
 thirty or forty sections are occupied by wet prairie, the 
 source of numerous creeks and river bottoms ; the residue 
 is upland, heavily timbered. The soil is a marly clay, 
 and very fertile. Oak, hickory, buckeye, ash, beech, elm, 
 linden, walnut, sycamore, poplar, cottonwood, etc., are the 
 prevailing growths. Wheat, corn, and hay, form the sta- 
 ple agricultural products, and horses, cattle, and hogs are 
 raised in considerable numbers for export. In 1850 the 
 county contained 1,002 dwellings and families, 5,797 in- 
 habitants, 574 farms, and 11 productive establishments. 
 DJSCATUR, on the west side of St. Mary's river, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 ALLEN county, organized 1824, contains 672 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Noble and De Kalb, east by 
 the Ohio state line, south by Adams and Wells, and west 
 by Whitley and Huntington. The county is well water- 
 ed, and has numerous fine mill streams. Little river and 
 Aboite rise in the west, and, uniting near the county line, 
 fall into the Wabash ; and the St. Joseph's and St. Mary's
 
 52 INDIANA. 
 
 from Ohio unite at Fort Wayne, and form the Maumee, 
 which, after a northeasterly course, falls into Lake Erie. 
 These were formerly navigable in high -water, but are now 
 used only for mill purposes. Bee creek, in the southwest, 
 Crooked creek in the east, and Cedar creek in the north, 
 afford also considerable power. The surface is level and 
 well timbered ; there are, however, some wet prairies, but 
 these may be easily drained. The soils are excellent; 
 near the streams they consist chiefly of a sandy loam, and 
 in the interior of clay intermixed with marl, well adapted 
 for cereal agriculture. In the northwest are numerous 
 oak openings or barrens. The timber consists of oak, 
 beech, walnut, buckeye, maple, ash, hickory, etc. In 1850 
 the county contained 3,097 dwellings, 3,109 families, 
 16,919 inhabitants, 1,300 farms, and 127 productive estab- 
 lishments. FORT WAYNE is the county seat. 
 
 BARTHOLOMEW county, organized 1821, contains 405 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Johnson *nd Shel- 
 by, east by Decatur and Jennings, south by Jennings and 
 Jackson, and west by Brown. The principal streams are 
 Driftwood, or the east fork of White river, Flat Rock 
 creek, and Clifty creek, the bottom lands of which occupy 
 one fourth part of the county. The surface, except in the 
 west, where the country is hilly and broken, is generally 
 level or undulating, and the growths are walnut, blue ash, 
 sugar-maple, etc. In the bottoms and level lands the soil 
 is a rich alluvion, mixed with disintegrated limestone aad 
 gravel. The more hilly parts have a clay soil, and there 
 the oak, hickory, beech, etc., grow luxuriantly. The 
 agricultural capabilities of the county are not surpassed 
 anywhere, and, with the exception of some small extent of 
 bog, on the inner margins of the bottoms, there is no ir- 
 reclaimable land within its limits. In the neighborhood 
 of White river and its tributaries the country is a perfect
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 53 
 
 paradise. The products of agriculture exported from 
 Bartholomew annually exceed in value half a million dol- 
 lars. In 1850 there were in the county 2,149 dwellings, 
 2,160 families, 12,428 inhabitants, 1,249 farms, and 49 
 productive establishments. COLUMBUS, on the east bank 
 of the Driftwood, just below the mouth of Flat Rock 
 creek, is the county seat. 
 
 BENTON county, organized 1840, contains 360 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Jasper, east by White and 
 Tippecanoe, south by Warren, and west by the Illinois 
 state line. The principal streams are Big and Little Pine 
 creeks, which, after uniting, fall into theAVabash ; and Su- 
 gar creek, which flows west into the Illinois, all of which 
 have good motive-power. The surface is level or undu- 
 lating, three fifths of the whole being prairie, and the resi- 
 due timbered land and barrens nearly in equal proportion. 
 The prairies are mostly dry and exceedingly rich. The 
 principal growths in the timber region are oak, walnut, 
 ash, sugar-tree, hackberry, pawpaw, etc. The staples of 
 agriculture are corn, wheat, and oats, and the raising of 
 cattle and hogs is much attended to. Mount Nebo and 
 Mount Gilbo are noted mounds in the north part of the 
 county. In 1850 the county contained 180 dwellings and 
 families, 1,144 inhabitants, and 149 farms. OXFORD, on 
 the Lafayette and Chicago road, 20 miles from the former 
 place, is the county seat. 
 
 BLACKFORD county, organized 1837, contains 169 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Wells, east by Jay, 
 south by Delaware, and west by Grant. The surface is 
 generally level, but in some parts gently undulating, and 
 the soils are excellent for farming purposes. It is water- 
 ed by the Salamonie creek and Lick creek, the former a 
 fine mill stream, and except a few wet prairies, the coun- 
 try, in its natural state, was heavily timbered with oak,
 
 54 INDIANA. 
 
 ash, beech, poplar, sugar-tree, -walnut, hickory, and cher- 
 ry. The surplus produce of the lands and a considerable 
 number of horses, cattle, and hogs are annually exported. 
 In 1850 the county contained 514 dwellings and families, 
 2,860 inhabitants, 306 farms, and 6 productive establish- 
 ments. HARTFORD, on Lick creek, a branch of Missis- 
 sinewa river, is the county seat. 
 
 BOONE county, organized 1830, contains 408 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Clinton, east by Hamilton, 
 south by Marion and Hendricks, and west by Montgomery. 
 The prevailing soil is a black loam, several feet deep, rest- 
 ing on a stratum of clay, and in some places of sand or 
 coarse gravel ; it is very fertile and productive. No part 
 of the state is better timbered, and only a small portion 
 is open prairie. The crops are very large, and a consider- 
 able surplus is annually exported. Boone county is sit- 
 uated on the ridge or dividing swamps between White 
 river and the Wabash, and contains the sources of Eagle 
 creek, White Lick, and Walnut Fork of Eel river, which 
 empty into the former, and of Big Racoon and Sugar 
 creeks, which empty into the latter. None of the streams 
 within the county, however, are of much importance as 
 mill seats, being sluggish, and in the dry season of in- 
 sufficient volume. Game is very abundant, and in former 
 times hunting was the chief employment of the inhab- 
 itants. In 1850 the county contained 1,914 dwellings, 
 1,936 families, 11,631 inhabitants, 1,393 farms, and 28 
 productive establishments. LEBANON, on the state road 
 from Indianapolis to Lafayette, is the county seat. 
 
 BROWN county, organized 1836, contains 320 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Morgan and Johnson, 
 east by Bartholomew, south by Jackson, and west by Mon- 
 roe. The surface generally is hilly, but about one third 
 part of it consists of fertile valleys and rich bottoms. The
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 55 
 
 timber on the hills is white and chestnut oak, hickory, 
 etc., and in the bottoms walnut, poplar, sugar, hackberry, 
 cherry, buckeye, elm, etc. Corn and hemp grow well in 
 the bottoms ; wheat, oats, and grass on the hills. Salt 
 creek, the principal stream, and its tributaries, and Bear 
 Blossom creek, carry off the surplus waters. In 1850 
 the county contained 790 dwellings, 805 families, 4,846 in- 
 habitants, 585 farms, and 5 productive establishments 
 NASHVILLE is the county seat. 
 
 CARROLL county, organized 1828, contains 376 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by White and Cass, east by 
 Cass and Howard, south by Clinton, and west by Tippe- 
 canoe and White. The surface is generally level, but un- 
 dulates considerably along the Wabash, Tippecanoe, and 
 Wild Cat, which are its principal streams. Four fifths of 
 the country was originally forest land, heavily timbered 
 with oak, walnut, poplar, beech, and sugar-tree; the re- 
 mainder is dry prairie. The soil is a rich loam, well 
 adapted for the cereals, etc., and these, with horses, cattle, 
 and hogs are largely exported. The Wabash river and 
 the Wabash and Erie canal, which cross this county, fur- 
 nish great facilities for trade, and the streams generally 
 may be used as mill seats. With such facilities the county 
 has prospered wonderfully. In 1850 it contained 1,909 
 dwellings and families, 11,015 inhabitants, 1,129 farms, and 
 79 productive establishments. DELPHI, on Deer creek, 
 one mile from the Wabash, and on the Wabash and Erie 
 canal, is the county seat. 
 
 CASS county, organized 1829, contains 420 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Pulaski and Fulton, east by 
 Miami, south by Howard and Carroll, and west by Carroll 
 and White. The borders of the Wabash and Eel rivers 
 are hilly or undulating, the other parts of the country 
 level. All the south part is heavily-timbered bottoms or
 
 56 INDIANA. 
 
 table-land, the center is mostly bottom or high bluff-land, 
 and the north is principally prairie. The high timber- 
 lands are exceedingly valuable, and suitable for every 
 description of grain or grass, the prairie is most produc- 
 tive of wheat crops, and the bottoms of those of corn. 
 Considerable manufactures are carried on in the county, 
 fostered by the valuable water-power afforded by the Wa- 
 bash and Eel rivers, and also by Twelve Mile, Pipe, and 
 Crooked creeks. Iron ore, building stone, etc., are abun- 
 dant. In 1850 the county contained 1,863 dwellings, 1,881 
 familes, 11,021 inhabitants, 1,134 farms, and 108 produc- 
 tive establishments. LOGANSPORT, at the junction of the 
 Wabash and Eel rivers, and on the Wabash and Erie canal, 
 is the county seat. 
 
 CLARK county, organized 1801, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Scott and Jefferson, east 
 and south by the Ohio river, and west by Floyd and 
 Washington. The surface is usually rolling but not hilly, 
 except the bluffs bordering on the Ohio and its tributaries, 
 Silver creek and Fourteen Mile creek, with others less 
 important, drain the lands. A singular chain of hills 
 termed " Knobs," form the northwest and west boundary 
 of the county these are crowned with fine forest growths, 
 and are the only portions which are out of the reach of 
 cultivation. In the neighborhood of the Ohio the soil has 
 a calcareous basis, and is equal to the best bottoms in 
 productiveness ; in the back country the land is more in- 
 clined to be wet, and the soils are better adapted to grasses 
 than to cereal agriculture. The arts and manufactures 
 have made good progress in this county. In 1850 the 
 county contained 2,757 dwellings, 2,807 families, 15,822 
 inhabitants, 1,048 farms, and 88 productive establish- 
 ments. CHARLESTOWIS-, situated two miles and a half from 
 the Ohio river, thirteen miles above the falls, is the county
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 57 
 
 seat. JEFFERSONVILLE, opposite Louisville, is the most 
 important city, being the south terminus of the Jefferson- 
 ville and Indianapolis railroad. 
 
 CLAY county, organized 1825, contains 360 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Parke, east by Putnam and Owen, 
 south by Greene, and west by Sullivan and Vigo. Eel 
 river and its branches, Birch, Otter, Cross, and Jordan 
 creeks, are the only streams of consequence within its lim- 
 its. The surface is generally level ; it has a fair portion 
 of good land, mostly heavily timbered, and in the south- 
 west are some beautiful prairies. Coal and iron ore are 
 abundant and easy of access. The exports are wheat, 
 cattle, and hogs. The Terre Haute and Indianapolis rail- 
 road passes through this county. In 1850 the county 
 contained 1,326 dwellings and families, 7,944 inhabitants, 
 829 farms, and 10 productive establishments. BOWLING- 
 GREEN, on the east side of Eel river, is the county seat. 
 
 CLINTON county, organized 1830, contains 432 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Carroll, east by Tipton 
 and Hamilton, south by Boone, and west by Tippecanoe. 
 The principal streams are the middle and south forks of 
 the Wild-Cat river, Sugar creek, and some of lesser im- 
 portance. The surface, except near and on the banks of 
 the Wild-Cat, is level ; and the whole, with the exception 
 of some small prairies, is heavily timbered. The soil is 
 mostly alluvial, with a clay bottom. The pasturage is 
 everywhere excellent, and the crops of wheat heavy. 
 Horses, cattle, hogs, and wheat are largely exported. The 
 Indianapolis and Lafayette railroad passes through the 
 southwest part of the county. In 1850 there were in 
 Clinton 2,001 dwellings, 2,091 families, 11,869 inhabitants, 
 1,411 farms, and 21 productive establishments. FRANK- 
 FORT, on the west side of Prairie Branch, is the county 
 seat.
 
 58 INDIANA. 
 
 CRAWFORD county, organized 1818, contains 320 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Orange and Washington, 
 east by Harrison, south by the Ohio river, southwest and 
 west by Perry and Dubois. The surface is very uneven 
 and broken, apd the soil, except near the river, is of an 
 indifferent character. Oak and poplar are the prevailing 
 natural growths ; the agricultural productions are wheat, 
 corn, potatoes, tobacco and grass. Lumber is the princi- 
 pal export, but considerable quantities of pork and flour 
 and some beef cattle are sent to the southern markets. 
 Coal and iron abound in the western districts. The Great 
 Blue river washes the eastern border of the county, and 
 affords valuable water-power. Near this stream, four 
 miles from Levenworth, is a large cave, which has been 
 explored more than two miles, without reaching its termi- 
 nation. The floor of this cave, as well as some others ex- 
 isting in this county, was covered with crystallized salts 
 when first discovered. Little Blue river and Oil creek 
 also traverse this county. In 1850 Crawford county con- 
 tained 1,027 dwellings and families, 6,524 inhabitants, 
 540 farms, and 33 productive establishments. LEVEN- 
 WORTH, on the Ohio, at the Horse Shoe Bend, is the county 
 seat. 
 
 DAVIESS county, organized 1817, contains 420 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Greene, east by Martin, 
 south by the east fork of White river, which separates it 
 from Dubois and Pike, and west by the west fork, which 
 separates it from Knox. The northeast part of the county 
 is rolling and heavily timbered ; the northwest level, and 
 interspersed with prairies and skirts of timber ; the cen- 
 ter is generally level, and what is usually called barrens ; 
 and the south and east undulating and heavily timbered. 
 Interspersed with oak, hickory, gum, etc., are occasional 
 districts, containing from 1,000 to 5,000 acres of walnut,
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 59 
 
 hackberry, ash and sugar-tree, and others of beech growth 
 generally, the soil varying, as is usual, among such tim- 
 ber in this region. The county contains every variety of 
 soil, from a sandy to a pure clay. The White river bottoms 
 have a rich black loam, in some places partly sandy, and 
 were originally timbered. The principal products are corn 
 wheat, rye, oats, hay, and potatoes, and the stock raised of 
 hogs, cattle, and horses. The county has immense water- 
 power, and White river affords steamboat navigation for 
 half the year. The whole county may be considered ex- 
 cellent farming land. The Central canal passes north 
 and south, and the railroad from Cincinnati to Vincennes 
 crosses it in the north, affording, together with its navi- 
 gable rivers, great facilities to commerce. In 1850 it con- 
 tained 1,803 dwellings and families, 10,352 inhabitants, 
 1,221 farms, and 11 productive establishments. WASHING- 
 TON, four miles east of White river, on the macadamized 
 road from New Albany to Vincennes, twenty miles from 
 the latter place, is the county seat. 
 
 DEARBORN county, organized 1821, contains 308 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Franklin, east by the 
 Ohio State line and Ohio river, south by Ohio, and west 
 by Ripley. The principal streams, besides the Ohio, are 
 the Great Miami and White Water rivers, and Laughery, 
 Tanner's, and Hogan's creeks. The bottoms of the Ohio, 
 Miami, and White river, and the west and northwest parts 
 of the county are level or slightly undulatory ; the resi- 
 due is broken and hilly. In the hollows and on the hills 
 the soil is a rich loam, and throughout the lands are very 
 productive. Corn, wheat, and pork are the great staples, 
 which are largely exported, and flour is extensively manu- 
 factured for market. Manufactures of various kinds are 
 also carried on. In 1850 the county contained 3,549 
 dwellings, 3,602 families, 20,166 inhabitants, 1,520 farms,
 
 60 INDIANA. 
 
 and 72 productive establishments. White Water canal, 
 also the Lawrenceburg and Indianapolis railroad and the 
 Cincinnati and St. Louis railroad pass through this county. 
 LAWRENCEBURG, on the Ohio, twenty-two miles below 
 Cincinnati, and at the outlet of White Water canal, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 DECATUR county, organized 1821 , contains 380 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Rush, east by Franklin, 
 south by Ripley and Jennings, and west by Bartholomew 
 and Shelby. The surface is mostly level with gentle un- 
 dulations, though on some of the streams it is hilly. The 
 bottoms are rich though small ; the soil of the upland is 
 a rich black loam, and the timber consists of ash, poplar, 
 walnut, sugar-tree, oak, and beech. In the east and south 
 there is some flat wet land, but there is little surface that 
 can be called waste land in the county. Considerable 
 quantities of products are annually exported. Manufac- 
 tures are rapidly progressing. Flat Rock, Clifty, and 
 Sand creeks are the principal streams, all affording favor- 
 able mill seats. The railroad from Lawrenceburg to In- 
 dianapolis passes through the county in a northwest and 
 southeast direction. In 1850 it contained 2,662 dwel- 
 lings, 2,683 families, 15,107 inhabitants, 1,377 farms, and 
 39 productive establishments. GREE:VSBURG, on the head 
 waters of Sand creek and on the line of the Lawrenceburg 
 and Indianapolis railroad, is the county seat. 
 
 DE KALB county, organized 1836, contains 365 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Steuben, east by the Ohio 
 state line, south by Allen, and west by Noble. The prin- 
 cipal stream is St. Joseph's of the Maumee, and its creeks 
 are Cedar, Little Cedar, Fish, Buck, and Bear. The sur- 
 face is generally undulating, and, with the exception of 
 some wet prairies, heavily timbered. The soils are excel- 
 lent for general farming, but hitherto there has been little 

 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 61 
 
 surplus for export. Wheat, corn, oats, etc. , are the staples, 
 and cattle raising engages much attention, In 1850 the 
 county contained 1,421 dwellings, 1,424 families, 8,251 in- 
 habitants, 831 farms, and 16 manufacturing establishments. 
 AUBURN, near the center of the county, is the county 
 seat. 
 
 DELAWARE county, organized 1827, contains 394 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Grant and Blackford, east 
 by Jay and Randolph, south by Henry, and west by Madi- 
 son. White river in the center, and the Mississinewa, which 
 joins the Wabash in the north, near Peru, and their nu- 
 merous tributaries, supply the county abundantly with 
 water-power. The surface is mostly level or gently un- 
 dulating on the rivers and creeks even the hills are in- 
 considerable. Prairie covers about one twentieth part of 
 the county, and affords excellent meadow and pasture 
 lands. The principal growths are oak, hickory, poplar, 
 beech, walnut, sugar, linden, etc., with an undergrowth of 
 hazel, dog- wood, spice, and prickly ash, but the oak land 
 is more extensive than the beech. The Indianapolis and 
 Bellefontaine railroad crosses the county in a direction 
 east and west, and will afford great facilities to its develop- 
 ment. In 1850 Delaware contained 1,874 dwellings and 
 families, 10,843 inhabitants, 1,084 farms, and 34 produc- 
 tive establishments. MUNCIETOWJV, on the south side of 
 White river, and opposite the site of Outainink, the old 
 residence of the Muncie tribe of Delaware Indians, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 DUBOIS county, organized 1817, contains 432 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Davies and Martin, east 
 by Orange and Crawford, south by Perry, Spencer, and 
 Warrick, and west by Pike. The east fork of White river 
 forms more than half of its northern boundary ; the 
 Patoka is also a fine stream, and has several tributary
 
 62 INDIANA. 
 
 creeks, which are suitable for mill purposes. The bottoms 
 of these streams are very rich, and occupy about one fifth 
 part of the county. In the northeast, the country has a 
 rolling surface; the residue is generally level. One 
 eighth part of the county is occasionally inundated ; there 
 is no prairie land, but the soils are generally good not 
 the best. The most common timber is white and black 
 oak, poplar, walnut, sugar, beech, hickory, etc., with 
 much undergrowth of dog-wood and spice bush. Corn 
 and wheat are the staple products, which, with hogs and 
 cattle, are exported largely. Coal is abundant. In 1850 
 the county contained 1,146 dwellings and families, 6,321 
 inhabitants, 794 farms, and 9 productive establishments. 
 JASPER, on the Patoka, is the county seat. 
 
 EL.KHART county, organized 1830, contains 460 square 
 miles, and is boun'ded north by the Michigan state line, 
 east by Lagrange and Noble, south by Kosciusko, and 
 west by Marshall and St. Joseph. St. Joseph river, and 
 its tributary, the Elkhart, are unsurpassed as mill 
 streams ; and the numberless creeks that enter into them 
 supply abundant water-power to every part of the county ; 
 and there are several small lakes in various parts, one of 
 which in the southwest is the source of Yellow river, a 
 branch of Kankakee. The country has generally an un- 
 dulating surface, about one half of which is covered with 
 timber ; the residue is either prairie or oak barrens. The 
 principal growths are beech, maple, walnut, hickory, pop- 
 lar, oak, and cherry. The prairies in the vicinity of St. 
 Joseph and Elkhart rivers are remarkably fertile, and 
 are highly cultivated. Wheat and corn are the staple 
 products, and some 40,000 barrels of flour are annually 
 exported. Other grains and grasses are also produced in 
 abundance. Large beds of iron are found in the county, 
 and at Mishawaka considerable amounts have been man-
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 03 
 
 ufactured. The Northern Indiana railroad traverses this 
 county east and west. In 1850 it contained 2,254 dwell- 
 ings, 2,316 families, 12,690 inhabitants, 1,226 farms, and 
 70 productive establishments. GOSHEN, on the east bank 
 of the Elkhart river, is the county seat. 
 
 FAYETTE county, organized 1818, contains 210 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Henry and Wayne, east 
 by Union, south by Franklin, and west by Rush. The 
 west fork of White Water river passes north and south 
 through the county, dividing it almost centrally, and this, 
 with its tributaries, affords abundant water-power at all 
 seasons. In the east and south the surface is generally 
 rolling, and in the north and west level, with a large por- 
 tion of bottoms. Dense forests, principally of walnut, 
 poplar, sugar, beech, hickory, oak, etc., originally cover- 
 ed most of the county. The soil is everywhere remark- 
 ably fertile, and the crops more than usually abundant. 
 No other county, in proportion to its size, exports a 
 greater amount of products. Pork, beef, and flour, are 
 its staples, which are sent to market chiefly by the White 
 Water canal, which passes along the valley of the river 
 of the same name. In 1850 Fayette contained 1,818 dwell- 
 ings, 1,835 families, 10,217 inhabitants, 986 farms, and 
 116 productive establishments. CONNERSVILLE, situated 
 on the canal and west of the river, is the county seat. 
 
 FLOYD county, organized 1819, contains 144 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Washington and Clarke, 
 east by Clarke and the Ohio river, south and west by Har- 
 rison. Silver creek divides Floyd from Clark county, and 
 there are several other small creeks within the county. 
 A range of hills called the " Knobs" traverses the county 
 north and south, terminating on the Ohio near New 
 Albany. These hills, which are from two to three miles 
 wide, are covered with fine timber, oaks generally, but in
 
 64 INDIANA. 
 
 some places pine. In the -western parts poplar, chestnut, 
 beech, and sugar are the prevalent growths, and in the 
 bottoms of the Ohio and Silver creek, the timber common 
 to such situations. The soil is very various ; little of it, 
 however, can be classed as first-rate. Corn and grasses 
 are the chief products, and the rearing of live stock is 
 generally attended to. Manufactures and ship-building 
 are carried on near the Ohio. In 1850 Floyd contained 
 2,448 dwellings, 2,316 families, 14,875 inhabitants, 1,428 
 farms, and 106 productive establishments. The New Al- 
 bany and Salem railroad passes through the county. NEW 
 ALBANY, situated on the Ohio, two miles below the Falls, 
 is the county seat. 
 
 FOUNTAIN (Fontaine) county, organized 1825, contains 
 390 square miles, and is bounded north by Warren, east 
 by Tippecanoe and Montgomery, south by Parke, and 
 west by Vermilion and Warren. The principal streams 
 are the Wabash, which washes its western and northern 
 borders, and its tributaries, Coal creek and Shawanee 
 creek, which, with numerous arms, spread over a great 
 portion of the county and afford abundant water-power. 
 The surface is mostly level, though the central and south- 
 ern parts are occasionally undulating, and it is beauti- 
 fully variegated with heavy forests and rich prairies. 
 Prairie covers about one fourth part of the whole area. 
 The soil is generally a black loam, mixed with sand, and 
 is very productive. Clay prevails in the south, and the 
 forests there consist of poplar, sugar, and beech. In the 
 north oak, walnut, and hickory predominate. The ex- 
 ports are carried off by the Wabash river and the Wabash 
 and Erie canal ; they consist of grain, flour, pork, and 
 live stock. Coal and iron ore are abundant, and manu- 
 factures engage considerable attention. In 1850 there 
 were in the county 2,251 dwellings, 2,301 families, 13.253
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 65 
 
 inhabitants, 1,357 farms, and 103 productive establish- 
 ments. COVINGTON, on the east side of the Wabash, and 
 on the Wabash and Erie canal, where the road from In- 
 diana to Springfield, Illinois, crosses it, is the county seat. 
 
 FRANKLIN county, organized 1810, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Fayette and Union, east 
 by the Ohio state line , south by Dearborn and Ripley, and 
 west by Decatur and Rush. The principal water-courses 
 are the east and west branches of the White Water, which 
 unite at Brookville, near the center of the county, affording 
 immense motive-power ; and besides these are Salt creek, 
 Pipe creek, Red Cedar Grove creek, etc., which drain con- 
 siderable sections. The northeast part of the county is 
 generally level, the central and western parts are rolling 
 and in many places quite hilly. The soil is good on the 
 average ; the bottoms of the White Water and its tribu- 
 taries occupy one half the surface, and are well adapted 
 for corn growing ; wheat succeeds best on the uplands. 
 The timber consists chiefly of oak, sugar, beech, hickory, 
 and black walnut. The products of the county are car- 
 ried off by the White Water canal. In several kinds of 
 manufactures the county has made some ^progress, and 
 in milling few counties can compete with this. Many 
 relics of a past civilization, as mounds and other con- 
 structions of earth and stone, are found in several parts. 
 In 1850 the county contained 3,286 dwellings and families, 
 17,968 inhabitants, 1,739 farms, and 121 productive es- 
 tablishments, BROOKVILLE, situated on the forks of 
 White Water river, is the county seat. 
 
 FTTLTON county, organized 1836, contains 357 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Marshall, east by Kosci- 
 usko and Miami, south by Cass, and west by Pulaski. The 
 Tippecanoe river crosses the north part of the county in 
 a direction east and west, and this, with the creeks
 
 66 INDIANA. 
 
 named, Mill, Mud, Owl, and Chipwannuc, afford immense 
 water-power. A ridge of small, rugged hills extends along 
 the north bank of the Tippecanoe through the county. 
 With this exception, the surface is level or gently undu- 
 lating. The northeast and east parts are covered with 
 dense forests ; the residue is barrens and prairie, alter- 
 nately wet and dry, with occasional groves of timber. In 
 the barrens the soil is sandy, but generally in the timber 
 lands black earth, rich and deep, prevails. Iron ore is 
 abundant, and the manufacture of the article is becoming 
 important. In 1850 the county contained 1,085 dwellings 
 and families, 5,982 inhabitants, 777 farms, and 13 produc- 
 tive establishments. ROCHESTER, on the south bank of 
 Mill creek, on the Michigan road, is the county seat. 
 
 GIBSON county, organized 1813, contains 450 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Knox and Pike, east by 
 Pike and Warrick, south by Warrick, Vanderburg, and 
 Posey, and west by the state of Illinois. The Wabash 
 river winds along its western, and White river along its 
 northern border, while the Patoka and numerous other 
 streams drain the interior. The surface is agreeably un- 
 dulating; about one sixth is bottom land, and a small 
 portion barrens; the residue is heavily timbered with 
 walnut, sugar, beech, hickory, ash, oak, etc. The soil is 
 generally loam and sand, and is everywhere productive. 
 The agricultural exports are ample. The immense water- 
 power of this county and its navigable streams have 
 greatly developed its resources ; and the^anal, when com- 
 pleted, will be a further means of promoting its already 
 great prosperity. In 1850 Gibson contained 1,833 dwel- 
 lings and families, 10,771 inhabitants, 1,220 farms, and 23 
 productive establishments. PRINCETON, situated in the 
 center of a fine farming country, is the county seat. 
 
 GRANT county, organized 1831, contains 416 square
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 67 
 
 miles, and is bounded north by Wabash and Huntington, 
 east by Wells and Blackford, south by Delaware and 
 Madison, and west by Howard and Miami. The water- 
 courses are the Mississinewa and its tributaries. Except 
 along the b'orders of the Mississinewa, which are beauti- 
 fully rolling, the country is quite level, and nearly all 
 was originally covered with heavy timber. The soil is rich 
 and well adapted for agriculture generally. It has few 
 facilities of transportation, however ; and, in this respect, 
 suffers in comparison with most other parts of Indiana. 
 In 1850 Grant contained 1,894 dwellings, 1,901 families, 
 11,092 inhabitants, 900 farms, and 52 productive estab- 
 lishments. MARION, on the west side of the Mississinewa, 
 is the county seat. 
 
 GREENE county, organized 1821, contains 540 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Clay and Owen, east by 
 Munroe and Lawrence, south by Martin and Daviess, and 
 west by Sullivan. The west fork of White river divides 
 it almost equally, and it has other streams which afford 
 mill-power, and the former is navigable the whole extent. 
 Eastward the surface is rather hilly, westward it is level, 
 and on the rivers the soil is particularly rich. The bar- 
 rens, which occupy one sixth part of the county, are sandy ; 
 the other parts have a clay soil, which varies greatly 
 in quality. Oak, sugar, walnut, beech, cherry, and per- 
 simmon are the prevailing forest growths. The products 
 are wheat, corn, pork, and tobacco, and large quantities 
 are annually exported. Coal and iron are found in great 
 abundance. The Wabash and Erie canal passes through 
 the county, and, when open to Evansville, must be the 
 means of adding much to the wealth of the county. In 
 1850 the county contained 2,089 dwellings, 2,094 families, 
 12,313 inhabitants, 1,227 farms, and 39 productive estab-
 
 68 INDIANA. 
 
 lisliments. BLOOMFIELD, situated on high ground, one 
 mile east of White river, is the county seat. 
 
 HAMILTON county, organized 1823, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Tipton, east by Madison, 
 south by Hancock and Marion, and west by Boone and 
 Clinton. The principal streams are the west fork of White 
 river, and its tributaries, Cicero, Coal, Stoney, Fall creeks, 
 etc. The surface is either level or gently undulating, the 
 soil good, and everywhere adapted to farming operations. 
 Along White river there are a few dry prairies, and 
 at the heads of Cicero and Stoney creeks a number 
 of wet ones, but they are mostly of small extent. The 
 residue of the county is timbered land, with a good 
 proportion of oak, poplar, walnut, sugar, hickory, and 
 beech. The products of agriculture are ample, and the 
 exports, consisting of wheat, flour, corn, pork, and live 
 stock are constantly increasing. The Indianapolis and 
 Peru railroad, recently opened, will cause a rapid de- 
 velopment of its resources, and stimulate every kind of 
 industry. In 1850 the county contained 2,159 dwellings, 
 2,161 families, 12,684 inhabitants, 1,261 farms, and 16 
 productive establishments. NOBLESVILL.E, on the east 
 side of the river, and an important railroad station, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 HANCOCK county, organized 1828, contains 308 square 
 miles, and ia bounded noAh by Hamilton and Madison, east 
 by Henry and Rush, south by Shelby, and west by Marion. 
 The principal streams are Blue river, Sugar creek, and 
 Brandywine creek, all affording excellent mill sites. The 
 surface is generally level, hut near the streams frequently 
 becomes undulating. The soils are rich, and much of the 
 county was originally well timbered. The staple pro- 
 ducts are wheat, corn, and grass ; and these, with hogs 
 cattle, and horses, form the exports. Manufactures have
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 69 
 
 made considerable progress. The railroad from India- 
 napolis to Richmond intersects this county, and affords 
 convenient means of transport. In 1850 Hancock con- 
 tained 1,685 dwellings and families, 9,698 inhabitants, 
 1,176 farms, and 36 productive establishments. GREEN- 
 FIELD, in the center of the county, near Brandywine creek, 
 is the county seat. 
 
 HARRISON- county, organized 1808, contains 478 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Washington, east by Floyd 
 and the Ohio river, south by the Ohio river, and west by 
 Ohio river and Crawford. The principal streams, besides 
 the Ohio, which washes the coast southeast, south, and 
 southwest, are Blue river, forming the dividing line be- 
 tween Harrison and Crawford, and the creeks Big Indian, 
 Little Indian, and Buck. These are all fine mill streams. 
 The face of the country, as well as the soils, is much di- 
 versified. The " Knobs," in the east, and the river hills 
 present fine scenery. The bottoms, valleys, and parts of 
 the upland are fertile, and were originally timbered, but 
 some of the barrens have many sink holes, and in places 
 the soil is thin. Corn, wheat, potatoes, pork, beef, etc., 
 form the staples, and these are largely exported. Six 
 miles west of Corydon is Wilson's Spring, 60 feet in diame- 
 ter, and, though it has been sounded 400 feet, no bottom 
 has been found. It rises from a solid rock, and affords 
 sufficient water to turn a valuable flouring mill. Put- 
 nam's cave, in the same neighborhood, has been explored 
 for a distance of two and a half miles, and is frequently 
 visited. The descent to the cave is some twenty feet, and 
 it then extends off horizontally. In 1850 Harrison con- 
 tained 2,045^ dwellings and families, 15,286 inhabitants, 
 1,650 farms, and 19 productive establishments. CORYDON, 
 situated on a level bottom, near the junction of Big and 
 Little Indian creeks, is the county seat.
 
 70 INDIANA. 
 
 HENDRICK'S county, organized 1823, contains 380 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Boone, east by Marion, 
 south by Morgan, and west by Putnam and Montgomery. 
 The south side and northwest corner are undulating, 
 otherwise the surface is level. More than half the soil is 
 a rich loam, slightly mixed with sand, and the balance is 
 clay, interspersed with wet prairie lands. The forests are 
 very extensive, and consist of the most valuable timber 
 trees. The staple products are corn and wheat ; and hogs, 
 cattle and horses form a large moiety of the exports. The 
 principal water-courses are White Lick, some of the upper 
 branches of Eel river, and Mud creek, which abound in 
 mill sites. Several woollen and other factories are in op- 
 eration. The national road and the Indianapolis and Terre 
 Haute railroad cross this county in a direction east and 
 west, and are the general lines of transportation for mer- 
 chandize from and to the county In 1850 the county 
 contained 2,390 dwellings, 2,412 families, 14,083 inhabit- 
 ants, 1,444 farms, and 10 productive establishments. 
 DANVILLE is the county seat. 
 
 HENRY county, organized 1821, contains 385 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Delaware, east by Ran- 
 dolph and Wayne, south by Fayette and Rush, and west 
 by Hancock and Madison. Water-power is abundant. 
 Blue river runs from northeast to southwest through the 
 county, Fall creek through the north, and there are sev- 
 eral other valuable mill streams. The face of the coun- 
 try is undulating, but there are large tracts of level in 
 the east. With the exception of a small extent of prairie 
 in the north, the land was originally well timbered, but 
 most of the farms are now well cleared and cultivated. 
 Wheat and flour are the staple exports, and a large amount 
 of stock is annually driven to the markets. Manufactures 
 have made some progress, and trade generally is nourishing.
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 71 
 
 The railroads from Indianapolis to Ohio pass directly 
 across the county. In 1850 it contained 3,064 dwellings, 
 3,066 families, 17,605 inhabitants, 1,666 farms, and 124 
 productive establishments. NEW CASTLE is the county 
 seat. 
 
 HOWARD county, organized 1844, contains 279 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Cass and Miami, east by 
 Grant, south by Tipton and Clinton, and west by Clinton 
 and Carroll. It contains numerous fine mill streams. The 
 surface is level or slightly undulating, and the soil is uni- 
 formly rich. There are a few prairies inclining to be wet, 
 but generally the land is heavily timbered. Corn, wheat, 
 and grass grow finely. This county lies wholly in the 
 Miami Reserve, and is, as yet, sparsely settled. It is tra- 
 versed by the Indianapolis and Peru railroad, which ac- 
 commodates all its transportation. In 1850 the county con- 
 tained 1,190 dwellings and families, 6,957 inhabitants, 746 
 farms, and 26 productive establishments. KOKOMO, lo- 
 cated on the site of an Indian village of the same name, 
 is the county seat. 
 
 HUNTING-TON county, organized 1832, contains 384 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Whitley, east by 
 Allen and Wells, south by Grant, and west by Wabash 
 The Wabash is the principal river, and there are the Sal- 
 amonie, Little river, and numberless tributary creeks, 
 all which are fine mill streams. The surface is generally 
 level or slightly undulating, and the soil, clay and sand 
 mixed, deep and very fertile. Small prairies exist, but 
 forest land preponderates, with the usual varieties of tim- 
 ber. Wheat, corn, beef, and pork are the great staples, 
 and are exported to a considerable extent. The Wabash 
 and Erie canal passes through the county. In 1850 it 
 contained 1,356 dwellings and families, 7,850 inhabitants, 
 782 farms, and 32 productive establishments. HUNTING-
 
 72 INDIANA. 
 
 DON, at the mouth of Flint creek on Little river, two miles 
 above its entrance into the Wabash, is the county seat. 
 
 JACKSON county, organized 1815, contains 500 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Brown and Bartholomew, 
 east by Jennings, south by Scott and Washington, and 
 west by Lawrence and Monroe. The principal water- 
 courses are the Driftwood or east fork of White river, 
 White fork, White creek, Salt creek, and Muscackituck 
 creek, all fine mill streams. The face of the country is 
 for the most part either level or gently undulating, but 
 in the north there are several ranges of " knobs." The 
 bottoms are large and rich, composing about one fourth 
 part of the whole surface, and the soil is generally sandy 
 clay, but in every variety. The greater portion of the 
 county is well timbered. The produce is large, and a con- 
 siderable surplus is annually exported. In the northeast 
 corner of the county, in the bed of White river, is a soli- 
 tary boulder of granite weighing several tons. No other 
 rock of the kind is found in the county. In the same 
 neighborhood is a large mound, about two hundred yards 
 in circumference at its base. In 1850 the county contain- 
 ed 1,956 dwellings, 1,965 families, 11,047 inhabitants, 
 1,173 farms, and 18 productive establishments. The Ohio 
 and Indianapolis railroad passes through it north and 
 south, and the Cincinnati and St. Louis railroad will cut 
 it from east to west. BRowNsxowN,one mile southeast of 
 east fork of White river, is the county seat. 
 
 JASPER county, organized 1837, the largest county in 
 the state, contains 975 square miles, and is bounded north 
 by Lake and Porter, east by Stark, Pulaski, and White, 
 south by White and Benton, and west by the Illinois state 
 line. The Kankakee, which traverses the whole north 
 boundary, and which is navigable in high water, is the 
 principal stream. In the south the country is drained by
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 73 
 
 the Iroquois or Pickamink, Pine creek, Sugar creek, etc. 
 Beaver lake, in the northwest part of the county, the 
 largest sheet of water in the state, covers 16,000 acres, 
 and abounds in excellent fish. The surface is generally 
 level, and consists mostly of wet and dry prairie, inter- 
 spersed with small groves of timber, usually called bar- 
 rens or oak openings. Much of the land is very fertile, 
 but better adapted to grazing than crops. Wheat, corn, 
 and oats are the cereal staples. Stock is raised to a large 
 amount. Most of the country, however, is as yet sparsely 
 settled. In 1850 Jasper contained 592 dwellings and fam- 
 ilies, 3,540 inhabitants, 343 farms, and 4 productive es- 
 tablishments. RENSSELLAER, at the rapids of the Iro- 
 quois river, at the southwest side, is the county seat. 
 
 JAY county, organized 1836, contains 378 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Wells and Adams, east by the 
 Ohio state line, south by Randolph, and west by Delaware 
 and Blackford. The county is drained by a number of 
 fine creeks, tributaries of the Wabash. The surface is 
 generally level, but occasionally undulating, and every- 
 where the soil is rich and productive. The principal 
 forest trees are oak, ash, walnut, hickory, and beech, the 
 two latter preponderating. It is a fine grazing county, 
 and exports largely both of animal and agricultural 
 products. In 1850 it contained 1,179 dwellings, 1,185 
 families, 7,047 inhabitants, 876 farms, and 9 productive 
 establishments. PORTLAND, on the north side of the Sal- 
 amonie, is the county seat. 
 
 JEFFERSON county, organized 1809, contains 370 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Jennings and Ripley, east 
 by Switzerland, south by the Ohio river, and southwest 
 and west by Clark, Scott, and Jennings. It is drained by 
 Muscackituck creek, which falls into the east fork of White 
 river, Indian Kentucky creek, Big creek, Lewis creek, 
 7
 
 74 INDIANA. 
 
 etc., all fine mill streams. Hart's Falls, near Hanover, 
 and the Falls of Clifty have much grand scenery about 
 them. Except near the Ohio, the surface is usually level. 
 The bottoms are extensive and rich, and the soil of the 
 hills skirting the Ohio is also excellent. On the table- 
 land, back from the hills, there is more clay, and the in- 
 terior is well wooded, mostly with beech. It is a fine 
 grass county, and most part of it is not suitable for grain 
 growing. In 1850 Jefferson contained 4,092 dwellings, 
 4,204 families, 23,916 inhabitants, 1,396 farms, and 138 
 productive establishments. MADISON, on the Ohio river, 
 the south terminus of the railroad to Indianapolis, is the 
 county seat. Hanover is the location of a celebrated college. 
 
 JENNINGS county, organized 1816, contains 380 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Bartholomew and Decatur, 
 east by Ripley, south by Jefferson and Scott, and west by 
 Jackson and Bartholomew. Near the streams, the most 
 important of which are Graham's fork, and north fork of 
 Muscackituck river, and Sand creek, the surface is hilly 
 and broken, and the soil moderately fertile, except in the 
 beech flats, at the heads of the streams, where it is fit only 
 for grass. Excellent timber, and fine and convenient lime- 
 stone quarries, are the staples of the county. Agriculture 
 furnishes little for export. The Madison and Indianap- 
 olis railroad passes northwest and southeast through the 
 county. In 1850 the county contained 2,064 dwellings 
 and families, 12,096 inhabitants, 1,208 farms, and 78 pro- 
 ductive establishments. VERNON, opposite the junction 
 of the north and south forks of the Vernon branch of 
 Muscackituck river, is the county seat. 
 
 JOHNSON county, organized 1822, contains 320 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Marion, east by Shelby, 
 south by Bartholomew and Brown, and west by Morgan. 
 The east fork of White river, with Sugar creek, Young's
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 75 
 
 creek, Indian creek, Stott's creek, etc. , drain the country, 
 and afford it mill-power. The surface is very various ; 
 in the southwest it is hilly, south and southeast plea- 
 santly undulating, and in other parts principally level. 
 Every acre is susceptible of cultivation. The soil is gene- 
 rally a rich black loam, mixed with sand; and a great 
 portion has excellent timber. Wheat and corn are largely 
 exported, also, some hogs and cattle. The Madison and 
 Indianapolis railroad passes through the county, and, also, 
 the railroad to Mar tins ville. In 1850 Jennings contained 
 2,067 dwellings and families, 12,101 inhabitants, 1,153 
 farms, and 25 productive establishments. FRANKLIX, on 
 the north side of Young's creek, just about its junction 
 with Hurricane creek, and on the line of the railroad, is 
 the county seat. Edinburg is also an important place. 
 
 KNOX county, organized 1802, contains 540 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Sullivan and Greene, east by 
 Daviess, south by Pike and Gibson, and west by the state 
 of Illinois. It is inclosed on three sides by rivers ; on 
 the east by the west fork of the White river, on the south 
 by White river, and on the west by the Wabash river, and 
 there are numerous fine streams penetrating its interior, 
 as Deshee river, Marie creek, etc. Much of the surface is 
 either level or undulating, though there are some river 
 hills. The prairies, near the Wabash, are rich and exten- 
 sive ; and the timbered lands, which occupy the largest 
 part of the county, are generally productive ; intermixed 
 with them, however, are sandy barrens and swamps. The 
 bottoms are subject to inundations, but are the most fer- 
 tile lands. The county sends off a large amount of surplus 
 products. In 1850 it contained 1,969 dwellings and fami- 
 lies, 11,084 inhabitants, 961 farms, and 37 productive 
 establishments. VINCENNES, the oldest settlement in the 
 state, is the county seat. It is well located on the Wa-
 
 76 INDIANA. 
 
 bash, and has prospects of becoming an important railroad 
 center. 
 
 KOSCITTSKO county, organized 1836, contains 567 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Elkhart, east by Noble and 
 Whitley, south by Wabash and Miami, and west by Fulton 
 and Marshall. It is watered by the rivers Tippecanoe 
 and Eel, which have numerous tributary streams. The 
 surface, for the most part, is undulating, with a generally 
 rich soil, and more than one half is heavily timbered. 
 Barrens, or oak openings, occupy a considerable portion of 
 the residue, but there are dry prairies in the center of the 
 state, and also in the northern part, diversified with wet 
 prairies, and several beautiful lakelets abounding in fish. 
 The products of the county are chiefly consumed within 
 itself, but when the tide of immigration shall have fully 
 settled the country, few districts will be able to export a 
 greater surplus. In 1850 it contained 1,783 dwellings, 
 1,795 families, 10,243 inhabitants, 1,127 farms, and 21 pro- 
 ductive establishments. WARSAW, on the Tippecanoe, is 
 the county seat. 
 
 LA GRANGE county, organized 1832, contains 396 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by the Michigan state line, 
 east by Steuben, south by Noble, and west by Elkhart. 
 Fawn river, Pigeon river, and Little Elkhart river are the 
 principal water-courses, but there are, besides these, nu- 
 merous creeks and lakes, which afford adequate mill- 
 power. The surface is mostly level, but there are some 
 broken or undulating districts. Two thirds of the county 
 are barrens or oak openings, one tenth prairie, and the resi- 
 due heavily timbered land. Sandy loam is the prevailing 
 soil, but in those on which timber is thickest clay preponde- 
 rates ; both are fertile, but the former is most productive 
 of wheat. The surplus products seek a market in Michi- 
 gan, and are carried off by the southern railroad of that
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 77 
 
 state. In 1850 the county contained 1,479 dwellings, 
 1,486 families, 8,387 inhabitants, 1,062 farms, and 64 pro- 
 ductive establishments. LA GRANGE, in Bloomfield town- 
 ship, is the county seat. Lima, on Pigeon river, was such 
 before 1842. 
 
 LAKE county, organized 1837, contains 468 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Lake Michigan, east by 
 Porter, south by Jasper, and west by the Illinois state 
 line. The Kankakee river forms its southern border, and 
 receives from the interior West, Cedar, and Eagle creeks. 
 In the north are the two branches of Calumic river and 
 Deep river. The surface and soil are various ; near the 
 lakes sand-hills are thrown up, and are covered with dwarf 
 pine and cedar growths ; south of Turkey creek the soil is 
 rich and alluvial, but the central part is better adapted 
 to grazing than crops, the soil being a mixture of clay, 
 marl, and black " muck." Farther south there is more 
 sand, with a mixture of black loam, 'and very productive; 
 and still farther south, adjoining the Kankakee, are exten- 
 sive marshes. About one half the surface is prairie, with 
 groves of various kinds of timber. The Northern Indian 
 railroad passes through the county in a direction east and 
 west. In 1850 Lake contained 715 dwellings and families, 
 3,991 inhabitants, 423 farms, and 5 productive establish- 
 ments. CROWN POINT is the county seat. 
 
 LA PORTE county, organized 1832, contains 562 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by the Michigan state line, 
 east by St. Joseph and Marshall, south by Starke, and west 
 by Porter. The principal streams are the Kankakee river, 
 the Little Kankakee river, Gallien river, and Trail creek. 
 The surface is undulating, and abounds with rich prairie, 
 interspersed with groves of timber and lakes of pure 
 water. The timber is oak and hickory, and near the lake, 
 on the sand-hills, dwarf pine and cedar. In the more 
 
 "
 
 78 INDIANA. 
 
 level regions beech, poplar, sugar, etc., predominate. The 
 soil is very rich, but in the south are burr oak barrens 
 and the marshes of the Kankakee. The products of the 
 county are largely exported, and the cattle, hogs, etc., 
 are sent to Chicago and Detroit. The Northern railroad 
 passes through the county. In 1850 La Porte contained 
 2.124 dwellings, 2,150 families, 12,145 inhabitants, 1,116 
 farms, and 122 productive establishments. LA PORTE, 
 situated in a beautiful lake and prairie country, is the 
 county seat. Michigan city, on Trail creek and Lake 
 Michigan, is also an important town, and is contemplated 
 as the future emporium of the northwestern trade of 
 Indiana. 
 
 LAWRENCE county, organized 1818, contains 438 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Monroe, east by Jackson 
 and Washington, south by Orange, and west by Martin 
 and Greene. The principal stream is the east fork of 
 White river; and there is also a number of fine streams, 
 as Salt creek, Guthrie's creek, Beaver creek, ar.d Leather- 
 wood creek, all eligible for mill-power. The chief part of 
 the surface is either rolling, hilly, or much broken the 
 level bottoms comprise only about a tenth part of the 
 whole. The soil is excellent and timber abundant. Lime- 
 stone and fine springs of water are found everywhere. 
 The county exports largely. In 1850 the number of 
 dwellings and families was 2,012, of inhabitants 12,097, 
 of farms 1,031, and of productive establishments 19. The 
 extension of the New Albany and Salem railroad travefses 
 the county in a direction north and south, and it is prob- 
 able that the Cincinnati and St. Louis railroad will cross 
 it from east to west. BEDFORD, beautifully situate on the 
 high ground between the east fork of White river and Salt 
 creek, three miles from the former and two from the lat- 
 ter, is the county seat.
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 79 
 
 MADISON county, organized 1823, contains 390 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Grant, east by Delaware 
 and Henry, south by Hancock, and west by Hamilton and 
 Tipton. The principal stream is the west fork of White 
 river (navigable) and its tributaries ; and there are nu- 
 merous fine mill streams, as Pipe creek, Killbuck creek, 
 Fall creek, and Lick creek, which drain a large area. 
 With the exception of a few wet prairies and the river- 
 hills, the country is either gently undulating or level, 
 and was originally heavily timbered. About one fourth 
 is bottom-land, the residue upland, with soils varying, 
 though mostly mixed with clayey loam, and sometimes 
 with sand. The county produces largely of wheat and 
 corn, and feeds immense quantities of stock for market. 
 Limestone and marble are abundant. The Indianapolis 
 and Bellefontaine railroad traverses the county. In 1850 
 the county contained 2,159 dwellings, 2,160 families, 
 12,375 inhabitants, 1,494 farms, and 67 productive estab- 
 lishments. ANDERSON, situated on a high bluff on the 
 south side of White river, is the county seat. 
 
 MARION county, organized 1821, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Boone and Hamilton, east 
 by Hancock and Shelby, south by Jqhnson and Morgan, and 
 west by Hendricks. The west fork of White river inter- 
 sects this county, and it is otherwise drained by Fall or 
 Eagle creek, and several others. The north and southwest 
 is a beautiful rolling country, diversified with hills, but 
 the residue, with little exception, is almost level, with 
 slight ascents from the streams. The elevation of the 
 county above the water of the Ohio river is upward 
 of 250 feet, or about 680 above the sea level. One third 
 of the surface is bottoms, and was originally heavily tim- 
 bered with sugar-tree, walnut, ash, and oak, without un- 
 derbrush. The soil is generally black loam, mixed with
 
 80 INDIANA. 
 
 sand and clay, on a limestone-gravel substratum. Away 
 from the streams the soils become poorer, and require fre- 
 quent manuring. The products, however, are abundant, 
 and a large surplus is exported. Manufactures are rap- 
 idly on the increase, and the demands of an increasing 
 intercourse are ever calling for new establishments. In 
 1850 the county contained 3,984 dwellings, 4,003 families, 
 24,013 inhabitants, 1,581 farms, and 179 productive es- 
 tablishments. INDIANAPOLIS is the county seat and also 
 CAPITAL OF THE STATE. It is situated on the east bank 
 of the west fork of White river, in latitude 39 46' north 
 and longitude 86 4' west, and is as nearly as possible in 
 the center of the state. It stands on a beautiful, very fer- 
 tile, and extensive plain, just below the mouth of Fall 
 creek. It is built on lands (four sections) donated by the 
 General Government, and dates from 1821, at which pe- 
 riod the whole country, for forty miles around, was a 
 dense forest. Since then its growth has been rapid. In 
 1830 it contained 1,085 inhabitants ; in 1834, about 1,600 ; 
 in 1840, 2,692 ; and in 1850, 8,034. The seat of govern- 
 ment was established here 1st January, 1825. The State 
 House is a fine building, 180 feet long and 80 feet wide, 
 and was completed in. 1834, at a cost of $60,000, all of 
 which, together with the cost of the governor's house and of 
 the treasurer's house and offices, was realized from the sale 
 of lots on the donation. Churches, schools, hotels, and 
 every description of stores, now grace its streets ; and it 
 boasts of numerous institutions which would do honor to 
 cities of more pretensions. Of late years it has become 
 a chief center of railroad traffic, and, from its position, is 
 likely to maintain its ascendancy in this respect. No less 
 than seven railroads meet here, coming from all directions, 
 and conveying to and from it the wealth of an empire. 
 It is also on the line of the Great National road, and from
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 81 
 
 it diverge several fine macadamized and plank roads, 
 pointing to all the important places within and beyond 
 the limits of the state. In manufactures, also, it has 
 made rapid progress, and, at the present time, has me- 
 chanics employed in every handicraft. Few cities in the 
 states north of the Ohio, indeed, have so excellent a pros- 
 pect of future greatness, and there are those who antici- 
 pate its becoming a rival to Cincinnati and St. Louis in 
 the number of its people, the amount of its trade, and in 
 that enterprise which is so necessary to the fulfillment of 
 all high expectations. 
 
 MARSHAL county, organized 1836, contains 441 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by St. Joseph, east by Elk- 
 hart and Kosciusko, south by Fulton, and west by Stark 
 and La Porte. The country is watered by Yellow river, 
 which runs nearly through the center, and Tippecanoe 
 river, in the south section ; besides which there are nu- 
 merous smaller streams, as Pine creek, Eagle creek, Wolf 
 creek, etc., and several beautiful lakes, of which Lake 
 Maxineukkee, near the southwest corner, is the largest. 
 The surface is generally level, but sometimes rolling ; and 
 about one half is timbered lands, and the residue barrens 
 interspersed with rich and dry prairie. The soil is excel- 
 lent, and except in the barrens, where it is thin, well 
 adapted for either farming or grazing. Iron ore of good 
 quality is very abundant, and a considerable quantity has 
 been reduced. In 1850 the county contained 928 dwell- 
 ings and families, 5,348 inhabitants, 570 farms, and 10 
 productive establishments. PLYMOUTH, on the north bank 
 of Yellow river, twenty-five miles from its junction with 
 the Kankakee, is the county seat. 
 
 MARTIN county, organized 1818, contains 340 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Greene, east by Lawrence 
 and Orange, south by Dubois, and west by Daviess. The
 
 82 INDIANA. 
 
 east fork of White river, in its windings through the 
 county, drains a large portion of it, and abundant water- 
 power is also afforded by Lick, Beaver, Indian, and 
 Bogues creeks. The surface is generally hilly, and the 
 soils various in quality, but mostly clay. Nine tenths of 
 the county was originally heavily timbered, the residue 
 river-bottoms and barrens. A considerable amount of 
 produce is exported. Martin will probably be intersected 
 by the line of the Cincinnati and St. Louis railroad. In 
 1860 the county contained 1,025 dwellings, 1,027 families, 
 5,941 inhabitants, 633 farms, and 18 productive establish- 
 ments. DOVER HILL, in Perry township, is the county 
 seat 
 
 MIAMI county, organized 1832, contains 384 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Fulton and Kosciusko, 
 east by Wabash and Grant, south by Howard, and west 
 by Cass and Fulton. The principal water- courses are the 
 Wabash river and Eel rivr, which flow through the 
 county from east to west ; and the Mississinewa empties 
 into the Wabash from the south. All these are navigable 
 for light boats, and there are numerous creeks spreading 
 in all directions. The surface, except on the Wabash, 
 etc., rivers, is generally level; on those streams there is 
 a good amount of hilly land, but not so broken as to pre- 
 vent cultivation. One half the county is timbered heavy, 
 and the residue is either bottoms, barrens, or prairies. 
 The soil is universally good and some exceedingly fertile. 
 The surplus products are large in amount, and since the 
 purchase of the Reserve, agriculture has made great pro- 
 gress. Mills of every description line the streams, and 
 are in active employment. In 1850 the county contained 
 1,944 dwellings, 1,975 families, 11,304 inhabitants, 1,184 
 farms, and 48 productive establishments. The Wabash 
 and Erie canal crosses in a direction east and west, and
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 83 
 
 the Indianapolis and Peru railroad taps it from the south. 
 PERU, on the north bank of the Wabash river, and on the 
 Wabash and Erie canal, is the county seat. 
 
 MONROE county, organized 1818, contains 420 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Owen and Morgan, east by 
 Brown and Jackson, south by Lawrence, and west by 
 Greene and Owen. It is watered by Salt, Clear, and Bean 
 Blossom creeks. On Salt creek, a superior quality of 
 table salt is manufactured. The face of the country is 
 mostly hilly, though near the center there is much that 
 is rolling. It was originally heavily timbered, without 
 prairie, and with but a small portion of bottoms. Walnut, 
 ash, oak, poplar, cherry, hickory, beech, etc., are the prin- 
 cipal growths. Iron ore is plentiful in the northwest. The 
 agricultural products are ample, and the county is well 
 supplied with mills. Some progress has also been made in 
 manufactures. The New Albany and Salem railroad is 
 extended through the county in a direction north and 
 south. In 1850 Monroe contained 1,892 dwellings and 
 families, 11,286 inhabitants, 1,230 farms, and 46 produc- 
 tive establishments. BLOOMINGTON is the county seat. 
 The State University, a very flourishing literary institu- 
 tion, is located here. 
 
 MONTGOMERY county, organized 1822, contains 504 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Tippecanoe, east 
 by Clinton, Boone, and Hendricks, south by Putnam and 
 Parkej and west by Fountain. The west part and near 
 the principal streams the surface is somewhat hilly and 
 broken, in the north and center it is undulating, and in 
 the south and east level. The soil is everywhere rich, 
 and well adapted to corn, wheat, grass, fruit, etc. There 
 are several fine prairies in the north, and occasionally 
 barrens or oak openings, but two thirds of the county 
 Was originally covered with heavy forests. The county
 
 84 INDIANA. 
 
 exports amply of wheat and corn, and hogs, cattle, and 
 horses are annually driven to market in great numbers. 
 The principal streams are Sugar creek, Big and Little 
 Raccoon creeks, and there are numerous others of smaller 
 dimensions ; these all form excellent mill sites. In 1850 
 Montgomery contained 2,971 dwellings, 3,009 families, 
 18,084 inhabitants, 1,880 farms, and 87 productive estab- 
 lishments. It is connected with La Fayette by railroad, 
 which will probably be continued southward, intersecting 
 several other lines, on its way to New Albany. CRAW- 
 FORDS VILLE, at which is located TV abash College and a 
 female institute of a high order, is the county seat. 
 
 MORGAN county, organized 1818, contains 453 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Hendricks and Marion, 
 east by Johnson, south by Brown and Monroe, and west 
 by Owen and Putnam. The west fork of White river in- 
 tersects this county in a direction northeast and southwest, 
 and is navigable throughout, and the country is drained 
 by White Lick, Mill, Big Indian, Stott's, and other creeks. 
 About one half the surface is river and creek bottoms, and 
 where these terminate there is generally a line of hills. 
 Back from these the land becomes undulating or level. In the 
 feouth, adjoining Monroe, is a very hilly and broken region, 
 yet the soil is here excellent, and, when divested of its 
 covering of timber, produces the best crops. No part of 
 the state, indeed, is more generally favorable for agricul- 
 ture than Monroe. The principal crop is corn, but all 
 other grains thrive well. The exports, via the White 
 river and the Martinsville railroad, are considerable, and 
 will rapidly be increased from the facilities now offered 
 to transportation. In 1850 the county contained 2,401 
 dwellings and families, 14,596 inhabitants, 1,392 farms, 
 and 14 productive establishments. MARTINSVILLE, about 
 one mile east of White river, is the county seat.
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 85 
 
 NOBLE county, organized 1838, contains 432 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by La Grange, east by De 
 Kalb, south by Allen and Whitley, and west by Kosciusko 
 and Elkhart. The principal water-courses are Elkhart 
 river and Tippecanoe river. The surface is much diversi- 
 fied, some portions being nearly level, and others rolling 
 or hilly, and about one half is timber covered, the residue 
 being barrens intermixed with prairies. The soil is gene- 
 rally a dark loam, with clay or sand, or both, in various 
 proportions. Lakes are numerous, but small. , Iron ore 
 is abundant. In 1850 the county contained 1,395 dwell- 
 ings, 1,402 families, 7,946 inhabitants, 772 farms, and Itf 
 productive establishments. ALBION is the county seat. 
 
 OHIO county, organized 1844, contains 92 square miles, 
 and is the smallest in the state. It is bounded north by 
 Dearborn, east by the Ohio river, south by Switzerland ? 
 and west by Ripley. The face of the country, except some 
 large and fine bottoms on the Ohio and Laughery, is very 
 hilly, but the soil is uniformly good. Beech, ash, walnut, 
 and sugar predominate near the streams ; oak and hickory 
 in other places. The farms are generally well cultivated, 
 and considerable quantities both of produce and stock are 
 annually exported. Manufactures have also made great 
 progress. In 1850 the county contained, 946 dwellings, 
 962 families, 5,308 inhabitants, 386 farms, and 34 produc- 
 tive establishments. RISING SUN is the county seat. 
 
 ORANGE county, organized 1816, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Lawrence, east by Wash- 
 ington, south by Crawford, and west by Dubois and Mar- 
 tin. The county is drained by Lost creek, Lick creek, 
 and Patoka creek, all which afford excellent mill power. 
 In the south the surface is hilly and broken, abounding in 
 fine springs ; in the north it is undulating. Three fifths 
 of the county is upland, well timbered with oak, hickory, 
 8
 
 00 INDIANA. 
 
 poplar, ash, walnut, cherry, sugar, and beech; the resi- 
 due is about equally rich bottoms or barrens. Grazing is 
 here a principal occupation. The staples are corn, wheat, 
 and rye. There are several sinks and caverns in this 
 county, which has limestone mostly for its basis. In 1850 
 Orange contained 1,841 dwellings, 1,846 families, 10,809 
 inhabitants, 1,118 farms, and 8 productive establishments. 
 PAOLI is the county seat. 
 
 OWEJV county, organized 1818, contains 396 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Putnam, east by Morgan 
 and Monroe, south by Greene, and west by Clay. The 
 west fork of White river and its tributaries drain the prin- 
 cipal portion of the county, and afford fine mill sites. Eel 
 river, also, has immense water-power. The surface is 
 generally undulating or rolling, and the soil is excellent, 
 with a thick growth of timber. Iron ore and coal are 
 found in great abundance. In 1850 the county contained 
 2,000 dwellings, 2,002 families, 12,106 inhabitants, 1,142 
 farms, and 26 productive establishments. SPENCER, on 
 the west bank of White river, is the county seat. 
 
 PARKE county, organized 1821, contains 440 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Fountain and Montgomery, 
 east by Putnam, south by Clay and Vigo, and west by 
 Vermilion. The Wabash river forms its western boun- 
 dary, and a number of fine streams falling into it, drain 
 the whole county ; these are Big Raccoon, Little Raccoon, 
 Leatherwood, and Sugar creeks. Two thirds of the sur- 
 face is either level or slightly undulating, and occasionally 
 hills appear, but of no great elevation. The greater por- 
 tion was originally covered with forests. The soil is a 
 black loam, with sand intermixed, and remarkably fertile. 
 Beds of coal and iron ore of great extent exist throughout 
 the county. The products are immense, and the exports 
 of both grain and live stock commensurate. The Wabash
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 87 
 
 and Erie canal traverses this county. In 1850 Parke con- 
 tained 2,468 dwellings, 2,472 families, 14,968 inhabitants, 
 1,390 farms, and 63 productive establishments. ROCK- 
 VILLE is the county seat. 
 
 PERRY county, organized 1814, contains 400 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Dubois and Crawford, east 
 by Crawford and the Ohio river, south by the Ohio river, and 
 west by Spencer and Dubois. This county is drained by An- 
 derson's, Deer, Bear, Oil, and Poison creeks, which empty 
 into the Ohio river. With the exception of the Ohio bottoms, 
 and some few other strips, the surface is very hilly ; and with 
 these exceptions the soil is of an indifferent fertility, yet no 
 part of the county is absolutely worthless. The finest of oak 
 and poplar is found on the hills, and in the bottoms sugar, 
 beech, ash, and walnut preponderate. Large quantities 
 of wood and coal are furnished to steamboats on the Ohio 
 river, and a considerable quantity of garden produce, 
 grown chiefly in the bottoms, is sent to the neighboring 
 markets. The interior furnishes little or no surplus. 
 Cannelton, an important manufacturing town, is located 
 in this county, on the Ohio river, and is famous for its 
 coal (from which it takes its name), and it has several 
 large cotton mills, employing many hands; and in this 
 connection it is probable that the place will ultimately 
 become the seat of operations more extensive than in any 
 other portion of the state. It is also engaged in manu- 
 facturing pottery, for which it has abundance of material. 
 In 1850 the county contained 1,231 dwellings, 1,250 fami- 
 lies, 7,268 inhabitants, 540 farms, and 14 productive 
 establishments. ROME, on the Ohio, is the county seat. 
 
 PIKE county, organized 1816, contains 338 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Knox and Daviess, east by Du- 
 bois, south by Warrick and Gibson, and west by Gibson. 
 It lies immediately south of the east fork of White river,
 
 88 INDIANA. 
 
 which forms its north limit. Patoka creek traverses it 
 centrally, and there are other streams. The surface is 
 level or gently undulating, and the soil a fine black loam, 
 mixed with sand. The bottoms -are extensive, and the 
 whole was originally heavily wooded. No county pro- 
 duces more to the acre than does this, and hence its sur- 
 plus is large. There is a great abundance of good coal in 
 this county. Water-power for milling is deficient, but 
 both White river and Patoka may at times be navigated, 
 and the canal, which will soon be completed, will foster 
 the onward progress of every species of improvement and 
 industry. Near Petersburgh there is an Indian mound, 
 in times long past used as a place of sepulture by the 
 aborigines, and still so used by the present generation. 
 The county contains 1,261 dwellings and families, 7,720 
 inhabitants, 909 farms, and 2 productive establishments. 
 PETERSBURGH, one mile south of White river, and four 
 and a half miles below the junction of its forks, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 PORTER county, organized 1836, contains 415 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Lake Michigan, east by 
 La Porte and Starke, south by Jasper, and west by Lake 
 With the exception of the lake shore hills, the surface of 
 the country is gently undulating or level, with marshes 
 on the Kankakee. The soil is good, and well adapted to 
 wheat growing or grazing. About one fourth is tim- 
 bered, with oak, walnut, poplar, pine, maple, butternut, 
 and beech; one third barren, and the residue prairie or 
 bottom lands. There are several small lakes in the 
 county; the northern streams are Calumic river, Coffee 
 creek, and Salt creek, and there are several creeks in the 
 interior. The Northern Indiana railroad traverses through 
 the northern parts. In 1850 the county contained 885 
 dwellings and families, 5,234 inhabitants, 467 farms, and
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 
 
 13 productive establishments. VALPARAISO is the county 
 Beat. 
 
 POSEY county, in the southwest corner of the state, or- 
 ganized 1814, contains 420 square miles, and is bounded 
 north by Gibson, east by Gibson and Vanderburg, south 
 by the Ohio river, and west by Wabash river. Big Creek 
 and Flat Creek are the principal interior streams. The 
 surface is generally level or undulating, but some parts 
 are hilly. There is little prairie or barrens. The bot- 
 toms are extensive and well wooded. The soil is every- 
 where good ; in some parts exceedingly fertile, and pro- 
 duces a large surplus for export. A great number of 
 mounds exist in different parts, and on the Wabash, 
 twelve miles from its mouth, is the mound called " Bone 
 Bank," in which many relics of a " former race" have 
 been discovered ; and the " Causeway," above Mount Ver- 
 non, an ancient fortification, is a remarkable construction, 
 and indicative of a civilization which never existed in the 
 present race of Indians. In 1850 this county contained 
 2,260 dwellings, 2,278 families, 12,549 inhabitants, 1,9.70 
 farms, and 26 productive establishments. MOUJVT VER- 
 NON, on the Ohio river, sixteen miles above the mouth of 
 the Wabash, is the county seat. New Harmony, on the 
 Wabash, fifty miles from its entrance, is remarkable for 
 its history and social system. 
 
 PULASKI county, organized 1839, contains 342 square 
 miles , and is bounded north by Starke , east by Fulton , south 
 by Cass and White, and west by Jasper. The Tippecanoe 
 runs through the county from north to south, and be- 
 sides this there are several other streams. The surface 
 is generally level, though there are sand ridges in some 
 parts. About one half the county is prairie, and the other 
 oak openings or barrens ; much of it is heavily timbered. 
 The soil is a black loam, mixed with sand, and occasionally
 
 90 INDIANA. 
 
 with marl. The bottoms of the Tippecanoe are exceed- 
 ingly rich and productive. In 1850 the county contained 
 454 dwellings and families, 2,595 inhabitants, and 286 
 farms. WINAMAC, on the norttiwest bank of Tippecanoe 
 river, is the county seat. 
 
 PUTNAM county, organized 1821, contains 486 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Montgomery, east by Hen- 
 dricks and Morgan, south by Owen and Clay, and west by 
 Clay and Parke. The Walnut fork of Eel river, Big Rac- 
 coon creek, and Deer creek afford excellent mill sites, and 
 there are many other smaller streams of pure water. The 
 surface in the north and east is either level or undulating, 
 and inclined to be wet ; in the center and southwest it is 
 more rolling, and, in the vicinity of the streams, generally 
 hilly. The prevailing timber is beech, sugar, walnut, ash , 
 oak, and poplar. The soil is a black loam, clayey and 
 calcareous, well adapted for both grain and grass, and, 
 perhaps, no body of land of like extent has* so little waste. 
 Limestone is the principal rock. Considerable produce, 
 with timber, hogs, cattle, etc., is annually exported. In 
 1850 there were in the county 3.088 dwellings, 3,094 fami- 
 lies, 18,615 inhabitants, 1,696 farms, and 42 productive 
 establishments. GREENCASTLE, situated on a high table 
 land, one mile east of Walnut fork, and the location of 
 Ashbury University, is the county seat. The Terre Haute 
 and Indianapolis railroad passes through this town, also 
 the extension of the New Albany and Salem railroad. 
 
 RANDOLPH county, organized 1818, containing 440 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Jay, east by the Ohio state 
 line, south by Wayne, and west by Henry and Delaware. 
 The principal water courses are the west fork of White 
 river and the Mississinewa river, with their tributaries, 
 which furnish excellent mill privileges. The surface is 
 generally level, and in localities wet and marshy, but it is
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 91 
 
 about the highest land in the state, and the source of 
 rivers running in all directions. There are no barrens, and 
 but few prairies. Timber is plentiful. Near Winchester 
 there is a regular earth-wall, inclosing about 20 acres, 
 with a high mound in the center, and the appearance of a 
 gate at the southwest corner. In 1850 there were in the 
 county 2,513 dwellings, 2,539 families, 14,725 inhabitants, 
 1,477 farms, and 12 productive establishments. WIN- 
 CHESTER, on the south side of White river, is the county 
 seat. Indianapolis and Bellefontaine railroad passes 
 through it. 
 
 RIPLEY county, organized 1818, contains 440 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Decatur and Franklin, 
 east by Dearborn and Ohio, south by Switzerland and 
 Jefferson, and west by Jennings. Laughery creek and 
 Graham's creek are the principal streams. The county is 
 level, and was originally timbered; but on the streams it 
 is hilly. The bottoms are small ; the uplands are gener- 
 ally wet, being based on an impervious blue limestone,; 
 but the soils, where drained, are very fertile. A consid- 
 erable surplus of products, with hogs, cattle, etc., is ex- 
 ported. In 1850 the county contained 2,667 dwellings, 
 2,689 families, 14,820 inhabitants, 1,495 farms, and 49 
 productive establishments. VERSAILLES, on a high bluff 
 of Laughery river, is the county seat. The Lawrence- 
 burg and Greensburg railroad passes through the north- 
 ern part of the county, and the line of the projected rail- 
 road, from Cincinnati to St. Louis, traverses it in a direc- 
 tion east and west. 
 
 RUSH county, organized 1821, contains 414 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Hancock and Henry, east 
 by Fayette and Franklin, south by Decatur, and west by 
 Shelby and Hancock. Big and Little Blue, and Big and 
 Little Flat Rock creeks, are the principal water-courses.
 
 92 INDIANA. 
 
 The surface is level or moderately rolling. The land is 
 finely timbered with poplar, walnut, oak, ash, and hick- 
 ory, and the soils loam on clay, mixed with sand. Great 
 improvements have been made in this county of late, and 
 its surplus products have been largely exported. In 1850 
 Rush contained 2,824 dwellings, 2,839 families, 16,445 in- 
 habitants, 1,809 farms, and 59 productive establishments. 
 RUSHVILLE, on the northwest bank of Flat Rock, is the 
 county seat, and is connected with Shelbyville, etc., by 
 railroad. 
 
 ST. JOSEPH county, organized 1830, contains 468 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Michigan state line, east 
 by Elkhart, south by Marshall and La Porte, and west by 
 La Porte. St. Joseph river is the principal water-course, 
 and is navigable to South Bend ; and the upper course 
 of the Kankakee drains the southwest portion these, 
 with numerous creeks, chiefly falling into the St. Joseph, 
 supply abundant milling facilities. Except in the vicinity 
 of the rivers, where the land is rolling, the surface of the 
 country is almost level. The southeast portion is mostly 
 forest-land, and the residue oak-openings with some small 
 prairies. The soils are abundantly fertile, and agricul- 
 ture is in a very flourishing condition. Wheat is the prin- 
 cipal crop. At South Bend and Mishawaka several man- 
 ufactures are carried on, and in these neighborhoods, as 
 well as in other parts of the county, iron ore of a good 
 quality abounds. Few counties have better facilities for 
 transportation; besides its navigable river, it has now 
 passing through it the Northern railroad, which connects 
 it with Chicago and the Valley of the Mississippi, and 
 also with the whole system of roads to the eastward. In 
 1850 the county contained 1,885 dwellings and families, 
 0,654 inhabitants, 847 farms, and 45 productive estab-
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 93 
 
 lishments. SOUTH' BEND, on St. Joseph's river, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 SCOTT county, organized 1817, contains 200 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Jackson and Jennings, 
 east by Jefferson, south by Clarke, and west by Washing- 
 ton. Its chief water-courses are the Muscatatuck on the 
 north border, Stucker's fork, Kimberlin's creek, Pigeon, 
 Rooster, and Ox's fork. In the east the surface is un- 
 dulating or rolling ; westward there are beech and oak 
 flats, fit only for grass, and a small part of the west is 
 hilly. The prevailing timbers are beech, oak, hickory, 
 and gum. Good building materials are abundant, and in 
 the vicinity of Lexington are numerous salt springs. The 
 Jeffersonville and Columbus railroad passes north and south 
 through the county. In I860 Scott contained 1,040 dwell- 
 ings, 1,047 families, 5,885 inhabitants, 719 farms, and 14 
 productive establishments. LEXINGTON is the county 
 seat. 
 
 SHELBY county, organized 1821, contains 408 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Hancock, east by Rush 
 and Decatur, south by Decatur and Bartholomew, and 
 west by Johnson and Marion. Sugar creek, the east fork 
 of White river, Big and Little Blue rivers, and Flat Rock 
 creek, are its principal water-courses. The surface is 
 level and well timbered, with ample river bottoms, which 
 are backed by hills forty to fifty feet high. The soil is 
 underlaid with clay, and requires considerable draining. 
 Beech, oak, and hickory predominate in the uplands, 
 while the prevailing timbers in the bottoms are walnut, 
 ash, hackberry, etc. The farming interest is here pros- 
 perous, and considerable exports are made. Railroads 
 cross it in every direction. In 1850 the county contain- 
 ed 2,721 dwellings, 2,764 families, 15,502 inhabitants, 
 1,620 farms, and 59 productive establishments. SHELBY-
 
 94 INDIANA. 
 
 VILLE, on the southeast bank of Blue river, is the county 
 seat. 
 
 SPENCER county, organized 1818, contains 408 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Dubois, east by Perry, 
 south by the Ohio river, and west by Warrick. The 
 water-courses are Anderson's creek on the east, and Lit- 
 tle Pigeon creek on the west border, with Crooked, Big 
 Sandy, and Little Sandy creeks, all which flow into the 
 Ohio river. The surface on the northeast is hilly, other- 
 wise it is level or undulating, and the soil is a black loam, 
 very rich, and resting on a stratum of yellow clay mixed 
 more or less with sand. Oak, hickory, ash, poplar, black 
 gum, walnut, sugar, beech, etc., are the prevailing forest 
 growths. The bottoms yield immense crops of corn, and 
 in the interior, corn, wheat, rye, oats, etc., thrive well. 
 These and live stock are exported largely. Coal is abund- 
 ant. In 1850 the county contained 1,485 dwellings, 1,488 
 families, 8,616 inhabitants, 988 farms, and 28 productive 
 establishments. ROCKPORT, situated on a high bluff on 
 the Ohio river, is the county seat. It derives its name 
 from a hanging rock, known to boatmen as " Lady Wash- 
 ington Rock" 
 
 STARK county, laid off 1837, contains 432 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by La Porte, east by Marshall, south 
 by Pulaski, and west by Jasper and Porter. It is situated 
 mostly on the marshes of Kankakee river, which passes 
 through it in a northeast and southwest direction, and 
 but a small portion of the county is valuable except for 
 grazing. In 1850 it contained 100 dwellings, 101 families, 
 557 inhabitants, and 53 farms. KNOX is the county seat. 
 
 STEUBEX county, in the northeast corner of the state, 
 organized 1837, contains 324 square miles, and is bounded 
 north by the Michigan state line, east by that of Ohio, 
 south by De Kalb, and west by La Grange. The princi
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 95 
 
 pal streams are Pigeon river, and Crooked and Fish creeks ; 
 and there are several small lakes within its limits. About 
 one half the surface is timber-land, one sixth barrens or 
 oak openings, and one tenth prairie ; the first and last 
 are excellent farming lands, but the barrens have a poorer 
 soil. Its diversified woodlands, oak openings, and prairies, 
 interspersed with small, clear lakes, present scenes of 
 exquisite beauty. The principal product is wheat, a sur- 
 plus of which is annually exported. In 1850 Steuben 
 contained 1,109 dwellings and families, 6,104 inhabitants, 
 586 farms, and 28 productive establishments. ANGOLA, 
 twelve miles from the northeast corner of the state, is 
 the county seat. 
 
 SULLIVAN county, organized 1816, contains 430 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Vigo, east by Clay and 
 Greene, south by Knox, and west by Wabash river. Its 
 interior water-courses are Turman's creek, Turtle creek, 
 and Busseron creek, on which numerous mills are located. 
 The surface is generally level, and heavily timbered with 
 oak, walnut, poplar, ash, pecan, beech, and sugar. The 
 bottoms and prairies occupy a comparatively small extent. 
 Every part is sufficiently fertile, and many sections are 
 very productive. Its exports consist chiefly of corn, with 
 hogs and some cattle. Coal is found in abundance, and, 
 altogether, Sullivan is one of the richest and best situated 
 counties in the state. In 1850, it contained 1,675 dwell- 
 ings, 1,678 families, 10,141 inhabitants, 1,215 farms, and 
 31 productive establishments. SULLIVAN is the county 
 seat; Car lisle, however, is the largest and most import- 
 ant town. 
 
 SWITZERLAND county, organized 1814, contains 216 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Ripley and Ohio, 
 east and south by the Ohio river, and west by Jefferson. 
 Log, Lick, Indian, Plum, Brian's, and Grant's creeks,
 
 96 INDIANA. 
 
 flowing into the Ohio river, drain the county. Large and 
 fine bottoms line the margins of the Ohio ; the hills back 
 from these rise to the height of 400 or 500 feet, and further 
 back a high table-land is reached. The soil is every- 
 where good, and there are some of the best farms in the 
 state -within this county. Large quantities of produce are 
 shipped off annually, chiefly to the south. Mills are nu- 
 merous, and many worked by steam. In 1850 Switzerland 
 contained 2,254 dwellings and families, 12,932 inhabitants, 
 1,270 farms, and 79 productive establishments. VEVAY, 
 on the Ohio, is the county seat. This county takes its 
 name from the fact of its having been colonized by a body 
 of Swiss emigrants, from Vevay, under the guidance of J. 
 J. Dufour, who settled here for the purpose of planting 
 the vine, in 1813. The descendants of the original colo- 
 nists still form the bulk of the population. 
 
 TIPPECANOE county, organized 1826, contains 504 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by White and Carroll, east by 
 Carroll and Clinton, south by Montgomery, and west by 
 Fountain, Warren, and Benton. The water-courses are 
 the Wabash river, which traverses the county from north- 
 east to southwest, the Tippecanoe river, which enters the 
 Wabash in the northeast corner of the county, and a num- 
 ber of smaller streams, as the Wild Cat, the Wea, Bur- 
 nett's creek, etc. These streams furnish excellent mill 
 sites, and the Wabash is navigable. The surface is gently 
 undulating, or spread out into extensive level tracts. Along 
 the Wabash the country is hilly. One half the county is 
 prairie, otae tenth bottoms, and the residue well timbered up- 
 land. The soil is generally a rich black loam, two to four 
 feet deep, on a stratum of clay, but on some of the prairies 
 it is light and sandy. Agriculture is in a flourishing con- 
 dition, and it is estimated that the surplus produce ex- 
 ported is annually worth nearly $1,000,000. Flour, wheat,
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 97 
 
 hemp, the produce of the hog, etc., are the great staples. 
 In many parts manufactures are springing up. The inter- 
 ests of the county have been greatly enhanced by vast 
 internal improvements. The Wabash and Erie canal tra- 
 verses it, and there are railroads constructed from Lafay- 
 ette to Indianapolis, and also to Crawfordsville. In 1850 
 the county contained 3,227 dwellings and families, 19,377 
 inhabitants, 1,377 farms, and 204 productive establish- 
 ments. LAFAYETTE, on the south side of the Wabash 
 river, and on the Wabash and Erie canal, also the termi- 
 nus of railroads to Indianapolis and Crawfordsville, is the 
 county seat. It is one of the most important of our west- 
 ern cities. The " Battle of Tippecanoe," so famous in In- 
 dian history, was fought in this county. 
 
 TIPTON county, organized 1844, contains 264 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Howard, east by Grant 
 and Madison, south by Hamilton, and west by Clinton. 
 The surface is chiefly level, and well timbered, and the 
 soil suitable for every kind of crops. The water-courses 
 are Cicero creek and Duck creek, which run south into 
 White river and Wild Cat creek, a tributary of the Wabash. 
 These drain the whole county, but, on account of its flat- 
 ness, are inadequate as mill streams. The improvements in 
 this county are the Wabash and Erie canal and the Indiana- 
 polis and Peru railroad, which will contribute largely to 
 its settlement and prosperity. Until the period of its or- 
 ganization, it constituted a portion of the " Miami Re- 
 serve," and hence was a wilderness. In 1850 it contained 
 627 dwellings and families, 3,532 inhabitants, 339 farms, 
 and 1 productive establishment. TIPTON, formerly called 
 Canton, situated on a branch of Cicero creek and on the 
 railroad from Indianapolis to Peru, is the county seat. 
 
 UNION county, organized 1821, contains 168 square miles, 
 
 and is bounded north by Wayne, east by the Ohio state 
 
 9
 
 98 INDIANA. 
 
 line, south by Franklin, and west by Fayette. In the east 
 the surface is level ; in the west undulating or hilly. Seven 
 eighths of the county are timbered upland, on which beech, 
 sugar, poplar, oak, walnut, ash and hickory are the growths ; 
 the residue is bottoms. The principal streams are the east 
 fork of White Water river, and the creeks Hannah, Rock- 
 land, and Silver ; all which afford valuable mill sites. The 
 soil is uniformly good, and the farming interest in a pros- 
 perous condition. Union county will be crossed by rail- 
 roads coming from Ohio, and from its proximity to Cincin- 
 nati will feel the importance of such a connection to its 
 material prosperity. It is already, however, a flourishing 
 county, either in reference to agriculture, manufactures, 
 or commerce, and, with due exertion on the part of the 
 inhabitants, may become one of the wealthiest in the state. 
 In 1850 it contained 1,220 dwellings, 1,229 families, 6,944 
 inhabitants, 606 farms, and 35 productive establishments. 
 LIBERTY is the county seat. 
 
 VANDERBURG county, organized 1818, contains 240 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Gibson, east by 
 Warrick, south by the Ohio river, and west by Posey. The 
 principal water-courses are Big Pigeon creek, Blue Grass 
 creek, Little Creek, and Locust creek; all running to the 
 Ohio river. The succession of bottoms, hills, and table- 
 land, characteristic of the other counties on the Ohio, is 
 here maintained. The bottoms occupy about one fifth of 
 the whole surface, are very rich, and produce immense 
 quantities of corn for export. The land beyond the hills 
 is undulating or rolling, and, if not as rich as the bottoms, 
 produces abundantly. The total value of the exports for 
 the county is estimated at nearly $1 ,000,000 annually. Coal 
 and iron are abundant. In 1850 there were in the county 
 2,059 dwellings, 2,104 families, 11,414 inhabitants, 743 
 farms, and 76 productive establishments. EVANSVILLE, 

 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 99 
 
 on the Ohio, is the county seat. It is an important city, 
 being the south terminus of the Wabash and Erie canal, 
 which will afford an interior navigation of 459 miles. Its 
 trade is already very large, but this will be immensely 
 increased when the canal is completed in 1853. 
 
 VERMILION county, organized 1823, contains 280 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Warren, east by Wabash 
 river, which separates it from Parke and Fountain, south 
 by Vigo, and west by the Illinois state line. It is watered 
 by numerous streams falling into the river on the eastern 
 border. The surface is high and level, with some river 
 bluffs, and two thirds of the whole is covered with fine 
 timber. The soils are excellent, and the produce of the 
 land sufficient to afford a large export. Coal is abundant, 
 and extensive beds of iron ore are found on Brouillet's 
 creek, near which the " Indiana Furnace" has been estab- 
 lished. In 1850 the county contained 1,509 dwellings, 
 1,522 families, 8,661 inhabitants, 733 farms, and 46 pro- 
 ductive establishments. NEWPORT, on the south bank of 
 Little Vermilion creek, two miles from its mouth, is the 
 county seat. 
 
 VIGO county, organized 1818, contains 408 square miles, 
 and is bounded north by Vermilion and Parke, east by 
 Clay, south by Sullivan, and west by the Illinois state line 
 and Wabash river, into which latter all the water-courses 
 from the interior drain themselves. The surface is level 
 and gently undulating, finely timbered generally, but 
 with some prairies of small extent. With little excep- 
 tion, the soil is rich, and produces fine crops. Hogs, cat- 
 tle, and grain are the staples. Coal is abundant ; also, 
 freestone and limestone, and it possesses great facilities in 
 respect of communication. It is traversed by the Wa- 
 bash and Erie canal, and the East and West railroad 
 will cross through it, as does now the Great National road.
 
 100 INDIANA. 
 
 Vigo, with these improvements, will soon become one of the 
 most flourishing counties of the state, and an important 
 point on an important commercial highway. In 1850 the 
 county contained 2,645 dwellings, 2,725 families, 15,289 
 inhabitants, 1,113 farms, and 130 productive establish- 
 ments. TERRE HAUTE, situated on a high bank of the 
 Wabash, is the county seat. It is much engaged in the 
 hog trade, and has otherwise a large commerce. 
 
 WABASH county, organized 1832, contains 420 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Kosciusko, east by Whit- 
 ley and Huntington, south by Grant and Miami, and west 
 by Miami. The Wabash and Eel rivers, with their nu- 
 merous tributaries, flow through and drain this county, 
 and afford to its inhabitants great milling facilities. No- 
 where hilly, the great portion of this county is rolling or 
 undulating, but at the heads of the streams there is con- 
 siderable level country, and the bottom lands, also level, 
 are somewhat extensive. The greater part of the county 
 was originally heavily wooded, and the soil is everywhere 
 rich and productive. Hogs and corn are the great staples, 
 the exports of which are increasing in amount year by 
 year ; and since the opening of the Wabash and Erie canal, 
 the prosperity of the county has ever been onward. In 
 1850 it contained 2,079 dwellings, 2,121 families, 12,138 
 inhabitants, 1,068 farms, and 57 productive establish- 
 ments. WABASH, on the north bank of the river of the 
 same name, is the county seat. 
 
 WARREN county, organized 1828, contains 360 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Benton, east and south- 
 east by Tippecanoe and Fountain, south by Vermilion, 
 and west by the state line of Illinois. Several good mill 
 streams, as Pine creek, Rock creek, Redwood creek, etc., 
 from the interior, fall into the Wabash. Except on the 
 Wabash, on which bluffs bound an extensive bottom-land,
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 101 
 
 the surface is gently undulating, ascending gradually 
 toward the west. At least half the county is prairie, 
 and the residue woodland, the forest being much the 
 heaviest near the river. The soil is generally good, some 
 of it exceedingly fertile, and producing abundantly all 
 the growths of the climate. The surplus produce, con- 
 sisting of grain and live stock, is exported via the Wabash 
 and Erie canal, which passes through the county. Man- 
 ufactures of several descriptions have lately sprung up, 
 and prosperity seems to be attending every department of 
 industry ; indeed, Warren may now be considered one of 
 the most prosperous counties of the state. In 1850 it 
 contained 1,273 dwellings, 1,295 families, 7,387 inhabit- 
 ants, 782 farms, and 18 productive establishments. WIL- 
 UAMSPORT, on the west bank of the Wabash river, is the 
 county seat. Much important business is transacted at 
 this point. 
 
 WARRICK county, organized 1813, contains 360 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Gibson and Pike, east by 
 Spencer, south by the Ohio river, and west by Vander- 
 burg and Gibson. Little Pigeon river and several slow 
 moving creeks drain the interior. With the exception of 
 the Ohio bottom lands and the abutting bluffs, the surface 
 is rolling or undulating, but at the head of the Pigeon, 
 etc., there are some flat wet lands. Immense quantities 
 of corn are produced in the rich bottoms, and much of the 
 uplands is excellent farming land, and yields fine crops of 
 wheat, corn, oats, hay, etc., and more tobacco is raised in 
 this county than in any other. Coal is abundant. In 1850 
 the county contained 1,513 dwellings and families, 8,811 
 inhabitants, 994 farms, and 22 productive establishments. 
 BOONEVILLE is the county seat. 
 
 WASHINGTON county, organized 1813, contains 540 
 square miles, and is bounded north by Jackson, east by
 
 102 INDIANA. 
 
 Scott and Clarke, south by Harrison and Crawford, and 
 west by Orange and Lawrence. It is watered by the Mus- 
 cataituck and east fork of White river on the north and 
 northwest, Lost river on the west, and by the head- waters 
 of Blue river on the east and south. The surface is more 
 diversified than that of any other county, and the scene is 
 ever varying. Hills, levels, and undulations succeed each 
 other rapidly, and the forest, prairie, and barren inter- 
 mingle strangely. Sink-holes leading to caverns below 
 are numerous, indicating the presence of a limestone 
 formation beneath. The soils are generally fertile, how- 
 ever, and supply a considerable surplus of grain, which, 
 with live stock, is the staple export. Manufactures are 
 carried on to a considerable extent, and progress has been 
 made in almost every branch of industry. In 1850 the 
 county contained 2,897 dwellings, 2,954 families, 17,040 
 inhabitants, 1,718 farms, and 83 productive establishments. 
 SALEM, on the New Albany and Salem railroad, and origi- 
 nally the northern terminus of the line, is the county seat. 
 WAYNE county, organized 1810, contains 420 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Randolph, east by the 
 Ohio state line, south by Union and Fayette, and west by 
 Fayette and Henry. The streams are the east and west 
 branches of White Water river, which, with their nume- 
 rous tributaries, afford sufficient water-power. The sur- 
 face, with the exception of a somewhat hilly region in the 
 southeast, is either level or pleasantly rolling. Dense 
 forests originally covered the whole county. The soil is 
 a rich loam, bedded on clay, and is well adapted for wheat, 
 corn, and grass ; and such has been the skill and industry 
 of the settlers, that the county has become in appearance 
 garden-like, producing in abundance every variety of 
 grain, vegetable, and fruit, and it exports largely of its 
 surplus. Manufacturing industry is also in a prosperous-
 
 COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY. 103 
 
 condition. In 1850 the county contained 4,515 dwellings, 
 4,529 families, 25 ,320 inhabitants, 1,934 farms, and 213 
 productive establishments. It is crossed east and west 
 by the National road and by the railroad from Indianapo- 
 lis to Ohio ; the White Water canal also crosses its south- 
 west corner. CE^ERVILLE is the county seat ; but Rich- 
 mond, near the state line, and on the track of the rail- 
 road, is the most important town. 
 
 WELLS county, organized 1837, contains 372 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Allen, east by Adams, 
 south by Jay and Blackford, and west by Grant and Hunt- 
 ington. The Wabash river runs nearly through the cen- 
 ter, and furnishes extensive mill privileges. The surface 
 is level or gently undulating, well timbered with oak, 
 walnut, ash, hickory, beech, sugar, etc., and the soil is 
 uniformly good. With the exception of some wet prairie 
 and swamp land, the whole county may be farmed advan- 
 tageously. Its settlement, however, is recent, and, as yet. 
 it has supplied but little to the markets. In 1850 it con- 
 tained 1,021 dwellings and families, 6,152 inhabitants, 640 
 farms, and 14 productive establishments. BLUFFTON, on 
 the Wabash, is the county seat. 
 
 WHITE county, organized 1834, contains 504 square 
 miles, and is bounded north by Jasper and Pulaski, east 
 by Cass and Carroll, south by Tippecanoe, and west by 
 Benton and Jasper. The Tippecanoe river is the princi- 
 pal water-course, and, besides this, the county has several 
 streams of less pretensions, as Big and Little Metamonong 
 creeks, and Big, Spring, and Mootses creeks. Two thirds 
 of the surface are prairie, and, at least, one half is dry and 
 gently undulating. The soil is uniformly rich, and the 
 forest growths of excellent quality. Abundant crops are 
 produced, and a heavy surplus of wheat, corn, and pork 
 are annually sent to market. In 1850 there were in the
 
 104 INDIANA. 
 
 county 821 dwellings, 825 families, 4,761 inhabitants, 458 
 farms, and 10 productive establishments. MONTICELLO, 
 on the west bank of the Tippecanoe, is the county seat. 
 
 WHITLEY county, organized 1842, contains 324 square 
 miles, and is bound north by Noble, east by Allen, south 
 by Huntington, and west by Wabash and Kosciusko. Eel 
 river runs through the county, and, in its course, supplies 
 good mill power. The north and middle portions are un- 
 dulating, and in some parts hilly ; the south is mostly level. 
 The great bulk of the county is forest land, interspersed 
 with small wet prairies, but there are also considerable 
 bottoms and barrens. The timber is of almost every va- 
 riety found in the state ; and the soil is generally a sandy 
 loam, well suited to general farming Wheat, corn, and 
 grass thrive exceedingly well, but as yet very little sur- 
 plus has been sent to market. The Wabash and Erie canal 
 touches its southeast corner. In 1850 the county contained 
 913 dwellings, 941 families, 5,190 inhabitants, 522 farms, 
 and 8 productive establishments. COLUMBIA, on the north 
 bank of Blue river, is the county seat.
 
 REFERENCE INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 COLTON'S MAPS OF INDIANA. 
 
 ny place mentioned in the INDEX, 
 
 p, and from the letters respectively 
 :tion, near which the place sought for will be found. 
 BiS" I'laces wnere post offices are established are marked thus, *; i 
 printed in CAPITALS, and county seats in italics. 
 
 NOTE. To find on the map the positioi 
 observe the letters annexed to it in the fi 
 
 trace lines to an intersection, near which the p 
 " ' " 
 
 Kef. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kef. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Mn 
 
 Aberdeen 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Ma 
 
 * Angola 
 
 Steuben 
 
 Mj 
 
 *Abingdon 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Dp 
 
 *Angostura 
 
 Pike 
 
 Kd 
 
 *Aboite 
 
 Allen 
 
 Kk 
 
 Anguilla 
 
 Clay 
 
 L d 
 
 Aboite River 
 
 Allen 
 
 E i 
 
 *Annapolis 
 
 Parke 
 
 Kk 
 
 Adams 
 
 Decatur 
 
 1 1 
 
 Anthony's M'ls 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Me 
 
 12 
 
 ADAMS 
 Adye's Mills 
 Aikman's Cr'k 
 
 Perry 
 Dayfess 
 
 Hp 
 
 i ii 
 
 Kk 
 
 Applegate's M. 
 Arcadia 
 Ardeny 
 
 Orange 
 Hamilton 
 Decatur 
 
 Ei 
 
 * Alamo 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Ei 
 
 *Armiesburg 
 
 Parke 
 
 Lg 
 
 Albany 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Ki 
 
 Arnolds 
 
 Rush 
 
 Kb 
 
 * Albion 
 
 Noble 
 
 Mm 
 
 Arnold'sCreek 
 
 Ohio 
 
 J n 
 
 Albion 
 
 Scott 
 
 B r 
 
 Arthur's Isl. F. 
 
 Posey 
 
 Mf 
 
 Alexander 
 
 Adams 
 
 L b 
 
 *Artic 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 J g 
 
 *Alexandria 
 
 Madison 
 
 Kk 
 
 Ashland 
 
 Rush 
 
 Ld 
 
 ALLEN 
 
 
 J e 
 
 Ashland 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Mg 
 
 Allensville 
 
 Randolph 
 
 L j 
 
 *Ashland 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Mn 
 
 *Allensville 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 E S 
 
 * Attica 
 
 Fountain 
 
 J i 
 
 Alfontsville 
 
 Madison 
 
 Lb 
 
 * Auburn 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 I i 
 
 *Allisonville 
 
 Marion 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Augusta 
 
 Marion 
 
 Dr 
 Lj 
 
 Alpha 
 
 *Alquina 
 
 Warrick 
 Fayette 
 
 M rn 
 
 Lb 
 
 *Aurora 
 
 *Avilla 
 
 Dearborn 
 Noble 
 
 I f 
 
 * Alto Centre 
 
 Howard 
 
 J in 
 
 *Azalia 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Ml 
 
 Alton 
 
 Brown 
 
 
 
 
 Hq 
 
 Alton 
 
 Crawford 
 
 G f 
 
 Bachelor's Cr. 
 
 Carroll 
 
 I f 
 
 America 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Kb 
 
 Back Creek 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Ff 
 
 *Americus 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 il n 
 
 Back Creek 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Ge 
 
 Amesburg 
 *Amsterdam 
 
 Parke 
 Cass 
 
 K n 
 .( n 
 
 Bagnes Creek 
 Batch'! Mill 
 
 Martin 
 Jackson 
 
 I k 
 
 *Amity 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Ha 
 
 Bailey Town 
 
 Porter 
 
 Fq 
 
 Anderson's C'k 
 
 Spencer 
 
 F ] 
 
 *Bainhridgre 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Ef 
 
 Anderson's Gr. 
 
 Ben ton 
 
 Ga 
 
 Bald Hill 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J h 
 
 * Anders wit 'ion 
 
 Madison 
 
 II m 
 
 Bale's Bridge 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Lk 
 
 * Anderson v'le 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I s 
 
 *Ballenger's 
 
 Tipton 
 
 Fl 
 
 Anderton 
 
 Greene 
 
 L m 
 
 "Eallstown 
 
 Ripley
 
 106 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kef. 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Dg 
 
 * Baltimore 
 
 Warren 
 
 lip 
 
 Big Ben 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Ge 
 
 Barber's Mill 
 
 Starke 
 
 Kn 
 
 Big Creek 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ln 
 
 *Barboursville 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Br 
 
 Big Creek 
 
 
 Gr 
 Hp 
 
 Barger's Mills 
 "Barren 
 
 Perry 
 Harrison 
 
 F r 
 Mk 
 
 Big Creek 
 Big Cedar Gr. 
 
 White 
 Franklin 
 
 He 
 
 Barren 
 
 Cass 
 
 H b 
 
 Big Eagle C'k 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 I 1 
 
 BARTHOLO- 
 
 
 F b 
 
 *Bigelow's M's 
 
 La Porte 
 
 
 MEW 
 
 
 Hk 
 
 Big Indian C'k 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Mh 
 
 Bartonia 
 
 Randolph 
 
 F d 
 
 Big Metamon- 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 J d 
 
 Bass Lake 
 
 Wabash 
 
 
 ong Creek 
 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Bath 
 
 Union 
 
 I) q 
 
 Big Pigeon Cr. 
 
 Warrick 
 
 I k 
 
 Bayersville 
 
 Johnson 
 
 i-: t 
 
 Big Pine Creek 
 
 Warren 
 
 Fn 
 
 Beach Creek 
 
 Martin 
 
 K j 
 
 Big RaccoonC. 
 
 Parke 
 
 HI 
 
 *Bean Blossom 
 
 Brown 
 
 F r 
 
 Big Sandy C'k 
 
 Spencer 
 
 Mm 
 
 *Bear Branch 
 
 Ohio 
 
 F. 
 
 BigShawneeC. 
 
 Fountain 
 
 J 1 
 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 (j a 
 
 "Big Springs 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Lk 
 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Billingsvifle 
 
 Union 
 
 Eh 
 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Fountain 
 
 1 ; in 
 
 Black Creek 
 
 Greene 
 
 I h 
 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 F. n 
 
 Black Creek 
 
 Knox 
 
 Mf 
 
 *Bear Creek 
 
 Jay 
 
 L c 
 
 Black Creek 
 
 Noble 
 
 Kn 
 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Kf 
 
 "Blackford 
 
 Blackford 
 
 Er 
 
 Bear Creek 
 Bear Creek 
 
 Washington 
 
 K f 
 J k 
 
 BLACKFORD 
 Black HawkV 
 
 Shelby 
 
 D d 
 
 Beaver Creek 
 
 Jasper 
 
 [ r 
 
 Bladensburg 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 
 F o 
 
 Beaver Creek 
 
 Martin 
 
 O cr 
 
 Blair's Mills 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Gd 
 
 Beaver Creek 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 cS 
 
 "Blairsville 
 
 Posey 
 
 J e 
 
 "Beaver Dam 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Fi 
 
 Blakesburg 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Dd 
 
 Beaver Lake 
 
 Jasper 
 
 F m 
 
 *Bloomfield 
 
 Greene 
 
 Hn 
 
 Beck's Ferry 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Mf 
 
 Bloomfield 
 
 Jav 
 
 'Gn 
 
 'Bedford 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 I c 
 
 Bloomingburg Fulton 
 
 Le 
 Kj 
 
 'Bee Creek 
 *Beech Grove 
 
 Wells 
 Rush 
 
 r. k 
 
 Mh 
 
 "Blooming Grj Franklin 
 Blooming Port'Randolph 
 
 Mj 
 
 *Beechy Mire 
 
 Union 
 
 G 1 
 
 "Bloomington Monroe 
 
 Cr 
 
 "Beech Park 
 
 Posey 
 
 L h 
 
 *Blountsville 
 
 Henry 
 
 En 
 
 Beersville 
 
 Knox 
 
 Me 
 
 Blue Creek 
 
 Adams 
 
 Kh 
 
 Bell Creek 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Mk 
 
 Blue Creek 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Fb 
 
 Belmont 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Dq 
 
 Blue Grass Cr. 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 Gj 
 
 "Belleville 
 
 Hendricks 
 
 J o 
 
 "Blue Lick 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Mm 
 
 Bellevue 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 
 J i 
 
 "Blue Ridge 
 
 Shelby 
 
 K j 
 
 Ben Davis' C'k 
 
 Rush 
 
 J j 
 
 Blue River 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Gq 
 
 Bennett's Mills 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Kc 
 
 Blue River 
 
 Whitley 
 
 J p 
 
 "Bennetsville 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Kc 
 
 Blue River L. 
 
 Whitley 
 
 Ln 
 
 'Bennington 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 L c 
 
 "Blnffton 
 
 Wells 
 
 J b 
 
 'Benton 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Hn 
 
 'Bogard 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Df 
 
 BENTON 
 
 
 Br 
 
 Bone Bank 
 
 Posey 
 
 L j 
 
 "Bentonville 
 
 Fayette 
 
 II n 
 
 *Bono 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Gg 
 
 *Berlin 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Gh 
 
 BOONE 
 
 
 Eo 
 
 *Berrysville 
 
 Knox 
 
 K b 
 
 Boone Grove 
 
 Porter 
 
 I 1 
 
 Bethany 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 K q 
 
 *Booncvillc Warrick 
 
 He 
 
 Bethlehem 
 
 Cass 
 
 Dq 
 
 Boston ,Warrick 
 
 Ko I* Bethlehem 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Mi 
 
 *Boston Wayne 
 
 I i |Bethlehemj 
 
 
 Hb 
 
 *Bourbon Marshall
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 107 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kef. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 F k 
 I h 
 
 * Bowling Gr. 
 'Boxley 
 
 Clay 
 Hamilton 
 
 Kd 
 
 L k 
 
 Bull Creek 
 Bull Town 
 
 Huntington 
 Franklin 
 
 Li 
 
 Boyd's 
 
 Henry 
 
 I f 
 
 Bunker Hill 
 
 
 Er 
 J c 
 
 Boyd's Mills 
 *Boydston M's 
 
 Spencer 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Fq 
 I n 
 
 Burdett's Mills 
 Surge's Ferry 
 
 Perry 
 Washington 
 
 Do 
 
 *BracevilIe 
 
 Knox 
 
 II f 
 
 'Burlington 
 
 Carroll 
 
 i q 
 
 'Bradford 
 
 Harrison 
 
 [ h 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Delaware 
 
 J j 
 
 'Brandywine 
 
 Shelby 
 
 K j 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Rush 
 
 Ek 
 
 'Brazil 
 
 Clay 
 
 E f 
 
 Burnett's 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Hb 
 
 *Bremen 
 
 Marshall 
 
 F f 
 
 Burnett's Cr'k 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 F 1 
 
 Brentonsville 
 
 Owen 
 
 G e 
 
 'Burnett's Cr. 
 
 White 
 
 Mn 
 
 Brian's Creek 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 I) k 
 
 Burnett's Mills 
 
 Vigo 
 
 I a 
 
 Bridgeport 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 <; e 
 
 Burnettsville 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Hj 
 
 * Bridgeport 
 
 Marion 
 
 Kb 
 
 'BurrOak 
 
 Noble 
 
 F q 
 
 Bridgeport 
 
 Perry 
 
 F J 
 
 'Burton 
 
 Parke 
 
 Mm 
 
 'Bright 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 I) m 
 
 Busseron Cr'k 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 K a 
 
 'Brighton 
 
 La Grange 
 
 L b 
 
 'Butler 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 Fg 
 
 *Bringham's G 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 K m 
 
 Buzroen's M'ls 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 J 1 
 
 *Bristol 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 J P 
 
 Buzzardsville 
 
 Madison 
 
 I j 
 
 Ma 
 
 'Broad Ripple 
 Brockville 
 
 Marion 
 Steuben 
 
 f : g 
 
 (4 a 
 
 Byre's Mills 
 'Byron 
 
 Clinton 
 La Porte 
 
 Ed 
 Ln 
 
 *Brook 
 Brooksburg 
 
 Jasper 
 Jefferson 
 
 J a 
 
 'Cabin Hill 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Brooksville 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Ki 
 
 'Cadiz 
 
 Henry 
 
 DJ 
 
 Brouellet Cr'k 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 D m 
 
 Caledonia 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 III 
 
 BROWN 
 
 
 Kd 
 
 Calf Creek 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Brownsburg 
 
 Hendricks 
 
 F a 
 
 Calumet 
 
 Porter 
 
 I n 
 
 *Broumstown 
 
 Jackson 
 
 F a 
 
 Calumet River 
 
 Porter 
 
 F i 
 Mj 
 
 Brownsville 
 'Brownsville 
 
 Montgomery 
 Union 
 
 I. h 
 L i 
 
 Calvin Creek 
 'Cambridge C. 
 
 Randolph 
 Wayne 
 
 Ek 
 
 Brownsville 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Gf 
 
 'Camden 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Dn 
 
 'Bruceville 
 
 Knox 
 
 Lf 
 
 ^amden 
 
 Jay 
 
 E'i 
 
 'Bruen's X R. 
 
 Parke 
 
 Ki 
 
 ^amp Creek 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Fj 
 
 *Brunerstown 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Kn 
 
 Camp Creek 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 La 
 Kn 
 
 'Brushy Prair. 
 *Bryansburg 
 
 La Grange 
 Jefferson 
 
 Hk 
 
 r c 
 
 Camp Creek 
 *Camp Creek 
 
 Johnson 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Hn 
 
 'Bryantaville 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 i p 
 
 Camp Run 
 
 Dlarke 
 
 J f 
 
 Buck Creek 
 
 Grant 
 
 [ > g 
 
 Campbell's Cr. 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Fm 
 
 'Buck Creek 
 
 Greene 
 
 in 
 
 *Cana 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Ka 
 
 Buck Creek 
 
 La Grange 
 
 
 'Canaan 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 I j 
 
 Buck Creek 
 
 Shelby 
 
 J 
 
 ^ane Run 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Ff 
 
 Buck Creek 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 K g 
 
 Danesville 
 
 Grant 
 
 Cp 
 
 *Buckskin 
 
 Gibson 
 
 F r 
 
 'Cannelton 
 
 Perry 
 
 Lk 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I 
 
 'Canton 
 
 Washington 
 
 I h 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 r, k 
 
 Carison's Cr. 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Kn 
 
 'Buena Vista 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Dm 
 
 'Carlisle 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 Do 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Knox 
 
 KJ 
 
 Carmel 
 
 Rush 
 
 Gn 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Monroe 
 
 I h 
 
 'Carmel 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Gc 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 ? i 
 
 Carpentersb'g 
 
 Putnam 
 
 J 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Washington 
 
 E e 
 
 Carpenter's C. 
 
 Jasper 
 
 I m 
 
 Buffalo 
 
 Brown 
 
 G e 
 
 *Carroll 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Kp 
 
 Bull Creek 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Gf 
 
 CARROLL C. 

 
 108 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kef. 
 
 L-rt. 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Hf 
 
 Carrollton 
 
 Carroll 
 
 He 
 
 Clay 
 
 Cass 
 
 Kj 
 
 *Carthage 
 
 Rusk 
 
 Ek 
 
 CLAY 
 
 
 Fg 
 
 *Cass 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 J c 
 
 *Clayport 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 He 
 
 CASS 
 
 
 Sj 
 
 Claysville 
 
 Hendricks 
 
 Fr 
 Fk 
 
 Castleberry C. 
 *Cataract Mills 
 
 Perry 
 Owen 
 
 HO 
 Kd 
 
 *Claysville 
 Clear Creek 
 
 Washington 
 Huntingdon 
 
 Ge 
 
 *Cathcart 
 
 White 
 
 (J n 
 
 Clear Creek 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Co 
 
 Cathlenettes P. 
 
 Knox 
 
 Efk 
 
 Clear Creek 
 
 Morgan 
 
 J m 
 
 Cave 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Dk 
 
 Clear Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Hn 
 Lc 
 
 Cave Spring 
 Cedar Creek 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Allen 
 
 J e 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Clear Spring 
 *Clermont 
 
 Kosciusko 
 Marion 
 
 Lb 
 
 Cedar Creek 
 
 DeKalb 
 
 Gq 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 Clinton 
 
 DC 
 
 Cedar Creek 
 
 Lake 
 
 Kl 
 
 *Clifty 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Cedar Grove 
 
 Franklin 
 
 II n 
 
 Clifty Creek 
 
 Washington 
 
 Db 
 Hm 
 
 *Cedar Lake 
 Cedar Spring 
 
 Lake 
 Jackson 
 
 J 1 
 Kk 
 
 Clifty Creek 
 Clifty Creek 
 
 Bartholomew 
 Decatur 
 
 Me 
 
 Cedarville 
 
 Allen 
 
 Be 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Cass 
 
 J c 
 
 Centre Lake 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 DJ 
 
 *Clinton 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 Db 
 
 Centreville 
 
 Lake 
 
 (i <r 
 
 CLINTON 
 
 
 J 
 
 Centreville 
 
 Scott 
 
 F k 
 
 *Cloverdale 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Mi 
 
 * Centreville 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Kk 
 
 Cloverland 
 
 Clay 
 
 Bq 
 Eh 
 
 "bain ville 
 Chambersb'rg 
 
 Posey 
 Fountain 
 
 f i r 
 I) h 
 
 Cloverport 
 Coal Banks 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 Fountain 
 
 Ho 
 
 *Chambersb'g 
 
 Orange 
 
 F r 
 
 Coal Beds 
 
 Perry 
 
 I f 
 
 *Chancery 
 
 Howard 
 
 F q 
 
 Coal Beds 
 
 Perry 
 
 J p 
 
 * Charleston 
 
 Clarke 
 
 DJ 
 
 Coal Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 J i 
 
 Charleston 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Dl 
 
 Coal Creek 
 
 Parke 
 
 J J 
 
 *Charlottesv'l. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Kl 
 
 *Cobb's Fork 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Eg 
 
 Chatalie 
 
 Warren 
 
 K c 
 
 *Coesse 
 
 Whitley 
 
 I 
 
 *Chesnut Hill 
 
 Washington 
 
 F- k 
 
 "Coffee 
 
 Clay 
 
 Mi 
 
 *Chester 
 
 Wayne 
 
 F a 
 
 *Coftee Creek 
 
 Porter 
 
 Fm 
 
 Chesterfield 
 
 Greene 
 
 J n 
 
 Coffin's 
 
 Jackson 
 
 J h 
 
 *Chesterfield 
 
 Madison 
 
 i 
 
 Cold Creek 
 
 [lamilton 
 
 I e 
 
 *Chili 
 
 Miami 
 
 K h 
 
 *Cole Creek 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Ln 
 
 China 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 F - 
 
 Cole's 
 
 La Porte 
 
 He 
 
 Chippewa 
 
 Fulton 
 
 H q 
 
 Cole's Mill 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Ek 
 
 *Christie'8 Pr 
 
 Clay 
 
 Fp 
 
 Jolesline 
 
 Dubois 
 
 1 m 
 I a 
 
 Christianburg 
 Christian Cr. 
 
 Brown 
 Elkhart 
 
 
 TollegeCorner 
 College 'Fwns. 
 
 Ohio 
 Monroe 
 
 Kc 
 
 *Churubusco 
 
 Whitley 
 
 l'k 
 
 *Columbia 
 
 Fayette 
 
 I h 
 
 Cicero Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 K e 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Whitley 
 
 I h 
 
 *Cicero Town 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 
 IJolumbiaville 
 
 Martin 
 
 Eg 
 
 Cicot 
 
 Warren 
 
 r i 
 
 *Cqlumbus 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Fm 
 
 Cincinnati 
 
 Sreene 
 
 
 Common Field 
 
 \nox 
 
 He 
 Ea 
 
 Circleville 
 *City West 
 
 Porter 
 
 F s 
 Do 
 
 *Concord 
 Conger's Cr. 
 
 fippecanoe 
 J ike 
 
 J o 
 
 CLARKE 
 
 
 J i 
 
 Conner's Cr. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Fn 
 
 Clarksburg 
 
 Daviess 
 
 L i 
 
 *Conner*ciUe iFayette 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Clarksburgh 
 
 Decatur 
 
 ' k 
 
 *Conn's Creek Shelby 
 
 Hi 
 J P 
 Ga 
 
 Clarkstown 
 Clarksville 
 Classen's Corn 
 
 Uoone 
 Clarke 
 La Porte 
 
 '>[ IT. 
 Ill 
 
 1 a 
 
 *Coopcrs ville ; Dearborn 
 Coop r s Ferry ..I; ckson 
 Colbert's Cr. 'Elkhart
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 109 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Ref 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 F i 
 
 Cornstalk 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 M m 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Crawford 
 
 K c 
 
 Corsse 
 
 Whitley 
 
 KI 
 
 DECATUR 
 
 
 i q 
 
 * Cory don 
 
 Harrison 
 
 E a 
 
 *Deep River 
 
 Lake 
 
 Mj 
 
 *Cottage Gr. 
 
 Union 
 
 Hi 
 
 Deer Creek 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Ha 
 
 *Cottage Hill 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 J f 
 
 Deer Creek 
 
 Grant 
 
 I m 
 
 Dourtland 
 
 Jackson 
 
 G r 
 
 Deer Creek 
 
 Perry 
 
 Ha 
 
 Coupee Prairie 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 F j 
 
 Deer Creek 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Dh 
 
 *Comngton 
 
 Fountain 
 
 J k 
 
 Deer Creek 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Kd 
 
 Cow Creek 
 
 Quntington 
 
 Mg 
 
 Deerfield 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Hn 
 
 Cox's Ferry 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 L b 
 
 *De Kalb 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 Kg 
 
 Cranberry 
 
 Delaware 
 
 L b 
 
 DE KALB 
 
 
 Gp 
 
 CRAWFORD 
 
 
 I n 
 
 Delaney's Cr. 
 
 Washington 
 
 F h 
 Gg 
 
 *Crawfordsvil. 
 Cripe's Run 
 
 Montgomery 
 Clinton 
 
 L in 
 Kg 
 
 *Delaware 
 DELAWARE 
 
 Ripley 
 
 J 1 
 
 Critzer's Mills 
 
 Decatuf 
 
 E o 
 
 *Delectable H. 
 
 Pike 
 
 Md 
 
 Crooked Cr. 
 
 Alton 
 
 Gf 
 
 * Delphi 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Kn 
 
 Crooked Cr. 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 I'- j 
 
 *Delta 
 
 Parke 
 
 Hi 
 
 Crooked Cr. 
 
 Marion 
 
 Bj 
 
 Depew's Mills 
 
 Parke 
 
 Fb 
 
 Crooked Cr. 
 
 Porter 
 
 <T q 
 
 Derby 
 
 Perry 
 
 Fr 
 
 Crooked Cr. 
 
 Spencer 
 
 C o 
 
 Deshee River 
 
 
 Ma 
 
 *Crooked Cr. 
 
 Steuben 
 
 F j 
 
 Dewees' Brid. 
 
 Putnam 
 
 L a 
 
 Brooked Lake 
 
 Steuben 
 
 C r 
 
 Diamond Isl. 
 
 Posey 
 
 Fk 
 
 Cross Creek 
 
 Putnam. 
 
 I) 
 
 Dicksburg 
 
 Knox 
 
 L m 
 
 *Cross Plains 
 
 aipley 
 
 EJ 
 
 *Dickson's M. 
 
 Parke 
 
 Db 
 
 * Crown Point 
 
 Lake 
 
 M m 
 
 *Dillsborough 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 1 J 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 Marion 
 
 G a 
 
 Dishamine L. 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Li 
 
 CumberlandR. 
 
 Henry 
 
 F m 
 
 Doan's Creek 
 
 Greene 
 
 B q 
 
 Cut-off Island 
 
 Posey 
 
 F k 
 
 Doe Creek 
 
 Putnam 
 
 D m 
 
 *Currysville 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 1) ni 
 
 *Don 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 I i 
 
 Cynthiana 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 G a 
 
 *Door Village 
 
 La Porte 
 
 n 
 
 *Cynthiana 
 Cynthiana 
 
 Posey 
 
 Shelby 
 
 J e 
 F n 
 
 Dora 
 * Dover Hill 
 
 Wabash 
 Martin 
 
 Dr 
 
 Cypress Cr. 
 
 Warrick 
 
 F m 
 
 Dresden 
 
 Greene 
 
 
 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Drewersburg 
 
 Franklin 
 
 F q 
 
 *Dale 
 
 Spencer 
 
 Ki 
 
 Driftwood Cr. 
 
 Henry 
 
 J f 
 
 *D alias 
 
 Grant 
 
 [ n 
 
 Driftwood R. 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Li 
 
 * Dal ton 
 
 Wayne 
 
 I n 
 
 Drusilla 
 
 Jackson 
 
 E b 
 
 *Daman Run 
 
 Porter 
 
 F, h 
 
 Dry Run 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Gj 
 
 Me 
 
 *Danville 
 *Darby 
 
 Hendricks 
 Adams 
 
 I 1) 
 E j 
 
 Dry Run 
 Dublin 
 
 Hamilton 
 Parke 
 
 Fh 
 
 *Darlington 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 L i 
 
 *Dublin 
 
 Wayne 
 
 EC 
 
 Davidson's M. 
 
 Jasper 
 
 F p 
 
 DUBOIS 
 
 
 I q 
 
 *Davidson 
 
 Harrison 
 
 I h 
 
 Duck Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 En 
 
 DAV1ESS 
 
 
 Ki 
 
 Duck Creek 
 
 Henry 
 
 Gn 
 
 Davis' Ferry 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 L k 
 
 Duck Creek 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Di 
 
 Davis Ferry 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 J n 
 
 *Dudley 
 
 Jackson 
 
 F p 
 
 *Davis Creek 
 
 Dubois 
 
 ^ j 
 
 *Dunlapsville 
 
 Union 
 
 F d 
 
 Davisonville 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Kn 
 
 *Dupont 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 F g 
 
 * Day ton 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 F a 
 
 Durham 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Hq 
 
 Dean's Mills 
 
 Crawford 
 
 J e 
 
 Durham 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Mm 
 
 DEARBORN 
 
 
 D k 
 
 Durkee's Fer. 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Me 
 
 *Decatur 
 
 Adams 
 
 J { 
 
 Dwiggin's M. 
 
 Grant 
 
 10
 
 110 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Kef. 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 let 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counti. 
 
 Hi ] 
 Gc 
 Hj 
 J C 
 
 3aa:le Creek 
 Eagle Creek 
 Eagle Fork 
 Ea^le Lake 
 
 [arion 
 tarke 
 Hendricks 
 Cosciusko 
 
 r n 
 
 ICk 
 
 4 b 
 IJ 
 
 Fairfax 
 *Fairfield 
 Fairfield Cent. 
 r airhaven 
 
 Tonroe 
 Franklin 
 De Kalb 
 Ohio 
 
 Gc 
 La 
 Eo 
 Hh 
 
 Eagle Lake 
 Eagle Mills 
 Dagle Pond 
 Caaletown 
 
 tarke 
 teuben 
 fnox 
 [amilton 
 
 J ~ 
 { in 
 ML- 
 
 I C 
 
 Fairmont 
 *Fairplay 
 Fairport 
 Fairview 
 
 Grant 
 Greene 
 Allen 
 
 iosciusko 
 
 Hi 
 
 
 Joone 
 
 , <r 
 
 "airview 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Md 
 
 *E. Germant'n 
 
 Vayne 
 
 ' j 
 
 Fairview 
 
 Rush 
 
 .Mi 
 F j 
 
 East Liberty 
 *Eberle 
 
 Allen 
 utnam 
 
 rl 
 
 Fall Creek 
 Fall Creek 
 
 "ayette 
 Marion 
 
 Li 
 J i 
 
 Economy 
 Eden 
 
 Wayne 
 lancock 
 
 i p 
 
 Fall Creek 
 Falling Run 
 
 Madison 
 Floyd 
 
 I k 
 F n 
 Do 
 Lc 
 
 Edinburgh 
 Edwardsport 
 Edwardsport 
 Eel River 
 
 ohnson 
 )aviess 
 tn ox 
 Allen 
 
 : f 
 
 I h 
 
 *Falmouth 
 Farmersville 
 r'armington 
 "armington 
 
 Fayette 
 Posey 
 3rant 
 Hamilton 
 
 He 
 
 
 
 K j 
 
 *Farmington 
 
 Rush 
 
 Ek 
 J d 
 
 Cel R. Feeder 
 Sel River 
 
 Clay 
 Kosciusko 
 
 (i 
 
 Ilk 
 
 ?"armington 
 *Far West 
 
 White 
 Johnson 
 
 Kp 
 
 Eiffht'nMilels. 
 Elizabeth 
 Elizabeth town 
 
 Clarke 
 larrison 
 )elaware 
 
 a 
 
 FAYETTE 
 Fayetteville 
 *Fayetteville 
 
 Fayette 
 Lawrence 
 
 f f 
 
 Elizabethto'n 
 
 Jartholomew 
 
 F q 
 
 Ferdinand 
 
 Dubois 
 
 I m 
 
 
 ackson 
 
 K 1 
 
 Filmore 
 
 Porter 
 
 I n 
 J a 
 J a 
 J a 
 J a 
 Mi 
 J p 
 
 Clk Creek 
 Elkhart 
 ELKHART 
 Elkhart Prairie 
 Elkhart River 
 Elkhorn Cr. 
 Elk Run 
 
 Vashington 
 Elkhart 
 
 Elkhart 
 Elkhart 
 Wayne 
 Clarke 
 
 F j 
 
 Ma 
 J d 
 J a 
 
 (T a 
 
 Filmore 
 *Fincastle 
 First Creek 
 *Fish Creek 
 Fisher's Mill 
 Fish Lake 
 Fish Lake 
 
 Putnam 
 Putnam 
 Martin 
 S teuben 
 Kosciusko 
 Elkhart 
 La Porte 
 
 Gb 
 
 Ellettsville 
 
 Monroe 
 
 B r 
 
 Fish Lake 
 
 Posey 
 
 Ka 
 J m 
 Kl 
 Lm 
 
 Ellisburg 
 Clm Grove 
 
 *Elrod 
 
 ..a Grange 
 r enninga 
 tenninga 
 Ripley 
 
 Kp 
 C r 
 
 J k 
 J 1 
 
 Flat Creek 
 Flat Fork 
 *Flat Rock 
 Flat Rock Cr. 
 
 Pike 
 Posey 
 Shelby 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Kf 
 Dn 
 
 Embree's Mill 
 *Emmettsville 
 Smmison's M. 
 
 Grant 
 Randolph 
 tnox 
 
 L i 
 Kk 
 
 L e 
 
 Flat Rock Cr. 
 Flat Rock Cr 
 Flat Rock Cr. 
 
 Henry 
 Rush 
 Wells 
 
 Gc 
 La 
 LI 
 Ke 
 
 English Lake 
 English Prairie 
 Enochsburg 
 Stna 
 
 Starke 
 La Grange 
 "ranklin 
 Noble 
 
 J k 
 
 M n 
 K d 
 
 *Flemmings 
 Flemming's S 
 iFlick's Creek 
 Flint Creek 
 
 Shelby 
 Monroe 
 Dearborn 
 Huntington 
 
 Di 
 Dr 
 
 *Eugene 
 * Evansvitte 
 
 Vermilion 
 Vanderburg 
 
 G q 
 
 II n 
 
 Flint Island 
 ^Florence 
 
 Perry 
 Switzerland 
 
 Lk 
 Ea 
 
 Everton 
 *Extr. S. Ben 
 
 Fayette 
 L. of Michigan 
 
 I p FLOYU 
 ! K a Fly Creek 
 B D Foote's Gr. P'd 
 
 La Grange 
 Gibson 
 
 Dl 
 Mi 
 
 Fairbanks 
 [Fairfax 
 
 Sullivan ||J g JForfestville 
 Wayne llE a [Fort Creek 
 
 Madison 
 Porter
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ill 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Ilef. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Dk 
 
 Fort Harrison 
 
 Vigo 
 
 F b 
 
 Grand Marsh 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Dn 
 
 Fort Knox 
 
 Knox 
 
 B r 
 
 GrandChainR. 
 
 Posey 
 
 Ld 
 
 Fort Wayne 
 
 Allen 
 
 E e 
 
 Grand Prairie 
 
 Benton 
 
 Eh 
 
 FOUNTAIN 
 
 
 C p 
 
 Grand Rapids 
 
 Knox 
 
 Ko 
 
 Fourteen M. C. 
 
 Clarke 
 
 J f 
 
 GRANT 
 
 
 Dp* 
 
 Fourteen Spr. 
 Francisco 
 
 Harrison 
 Gibson 
 
 Mn 
 G e 
 
 *Grant'sCreek 
 Grant's Creek 
 
 Switzerland 
 White 
 
 21 
 
 * Frankfort 
 Franklin 
 
 Clinton 
 Franklin 
 
 Kg 
 Ha 
 
 *Granville 
 GrapeVine Cr. 
 
 Delaware 
 St. Joseph 
 
 I k 
 
 *Franklin 
 
 Johnson 
 
 I n 
 
 Grassy Fork 
 
 Jackson 
 
 L i 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Dl 
 
 Grassy Pond 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Mk 
 
 FRANKLIN 
 
 
 Hp 
 
 Great Blue R. 
 
 Harrison 
 
 F h 
 
 Fredericksb'g 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Kk 
 
 Great Falls 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Hp 
 
 *Fredericksb. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Ml 
 
 Great Miami R 
 
 OHIO 
 
 Hq 
 
 *Fredonia 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Hq 
 
 Great Spring 
 
 Harrison 
 
 G a 
 
 Free Bridge 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J f 
 
 * Green berry 
 
 Grant 
 
 F 1 
 
 Freedom 
 
 Owen 
 
 F J 
 
 * Green Castle 
 
 Putnam 
 
 I m 
 
 Freeport 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Kb 
 
 *Greene 
 
 Noble 
 
 J j 
 
 *Freeport 
 
 Shelby 
 
 F m 
 
 GREENE 
 
 
 Go 
 Ma 
 F q 
 
 *French L.Sal. 
 *Fremont 
 *French Island 
 
 Orange 
 Steuben 
 Spencer 
 
 J i 
 Dr 
 Ki 
 
 * Greenfield 
 Green River I. 
 *Greensboro' 
 
 Hancock 
 Vanderburg 
 Henry 
 
 Er 
 
 *Fresbie's M'ls 
 
 Warrick 
 
 KI 
 
 *Greensburg 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Hq 
 
 Froman's Mill 
 
 Crawford 
 
 L i 
 
 *Green's Fork 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Hd 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Fulton 
 
 I f 
 
 Greentown 
 
 Howard 
 
 Hd 
 
 FULTON 
 
 
 1 P 
 
 *Greenville 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Hq 
 
 Fullinwider's 
 
 
 [ j 
 
 *Greenwood 
 
 Johnson 
 
 
 Mills 
 
 Crawford 
 
 D m 
 
 *Greysville 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 
 
 
 Ki 
 
 Griggs 
 
 Rush 
 
 I P 
 
 *GaIena 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Groves 
 
 Rush 
 
 Ej 
 
 *Gallatin 
 
 Parke 
 
 M m 
 
 Guionsville 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 I b 
 
 Galveston 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 I n 
 
 Gullett's Ferry 
 
 Jackson 
 
 F q 
 
 Gentryville 
 
 Spencer 
 
 Hn 
 
 Guthrey's 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 HI 
 
 Georgetown 
 
 Brown 
 
 
 
 
 I p 
 
 *Georgetown 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Li 
 
 *Hagarstown 
 
 Wayne 
 
 L h 
 
 Georgetown 
 
 Randolph 
 
 I n 
 
 Hallaway's F. 
 
 Jackson 
 
 I i 
 
 *Germantown 
 
 Marion 
 
 J p 
 
 *Hamburg 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Kk 
 
 German town 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Hn 
 
 Hanier's Mill 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Cr 
 
 German town 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 Me 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Allen 
 
 L i 
 
 German town 
 
 Wayne 
 
 G g 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Clinton 
 
 F P 
 
 *Germanville 
 
 Dubois 
 
 J h 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Madison 
 
 C p 
 
 GIBSON 
 
 
 Mb 
 
 ^Hamilton 
 
 Steuben 
 
 Ka 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 La Grange 
 
 I h 
 
 HAMILTON 
 
 
 I d 
 
 *Gilead 
 
 Miami 
 
 Ma 
 
 Hamilton's M. 
 
 Steuben 
 
 Ej 
 
 Gilkeson's Mill 
 *Goddard 
 
 Parke 
 Rush 
 
 Ha 
 Hj 
 
 *Hammond's 
 *Hampton 
 
 St. Joseph 
 Hendricks 
 
 Kf 
 
 *Good Hope 
 
 Noble 
 
 J i 
 
 HANCOCK 
 
 
 Dp 
 
 Gondola 
 
 Pike 
 
 Mj 
 
 Hannah Creek 
 
 Union 
 
 J a 
 
 *Goshen 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Hannegan 
 
 Rush 
 
 Gk 
 
 *Gosport 
 
 Owen 
 
 J j 
 
 Hanover 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Km 
 
 Graham's Fork 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Mm 
 
 Hanover 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Kh 
 
 * Graham 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Hp 
 
 *Hardingsb'rg 
 
 Washington
 
 112 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 lief. 
 
 Ut 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Ml 
 
 Ek 
 
 Hardingsburg 
 *Harmony 
 
 Brown 
 Clay 
 
 1) k 
 Gb 
 
 Honey Creek 
 Hood's Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 La Porte 
 
 Lj 
 
 *Harrisburg 
 
 Fayette 
 
 [: i 
 
 Hoosier's Mills 
 
 Parke 
 
 Ga 
 
 Harris Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J 1 
 
 *Hope 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 J a 
 
 Harris Prairie 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 [ h 
 
 Horse-shoe B. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Ml 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Brown 
 
 D i 
 
 Howard 
 
 Parke 
 
 He 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Cass 
 
 I f 
 
 HOWARD 
 
 
 Dk 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Flni 
 
 Houston 
 
 Jackson 
 
 1 q 
 
 HARRISON 
 
 
 (i a 
 
 *Hudson 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Fn 
 
 Harrisonville 
 
 Martin 
 
 K, q 
 
 Huffman's M'ls 
 
 Spencer 
 
 F f 
 
 Harrisonville 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Fp 
 
 Hunley's Cr. 
 
 Dubois 
 
 J 
 
 Harristown 
 
 Washington 
 
 L 1 
 
 Huntersville 
 
 Franklin 
 
 G m 
 Kf 
 
 *Harrodsburg 
 Hartford 
 
 Monroe 
 Blackford 
 
 F g 
 F p 
 
 Huntersville 
 *Huntingburg 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 Dubois 
 
 Gp 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Crawford 
 
 
 *Huntin g ton 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Mm 
 
 *Hartford 
 
 Ohio 
 
 K e 
 
 HUNT1NGTN 
 
 
 
 *Hart's Mills 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Mn 
 
 Hunt's Creek 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 J I 
 
 *Hartsville 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 L in 
 
 Hunt's Mills 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Dp 
 
 Harvey's Cr. 
 
 Pike 
 
 J i 
 
 *Huntsville 
 
 Madison 
 
 Gq 
 
 Hascall's Mills 
 
 Perry 
 
 L h 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Randolph 
 
 
 Hatfield's 
 
 Perry 
 
 J 1 
 
 Hydraulic M'ls 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 F ? 
 
 *Hausertown 
 
 Owen 
 
 
 
 
 J 1 
 
 Haw Creek 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 r, a 
 
 Independence 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Eo 
 
 Haw Creek 
 
 Martin 
 
 !: s 
 
 *Independ'nce 
 
 Warren 
 
 J a 
 
 *Haw Patch 
 
 La Grange 
 
 K a 
 
 Indiana City 
 
 Lake 
 
 F o 
 
 *Haysville 
 
 Duboi 
 
 I j 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS 
 
 Marion 
 
 Ei 
 
 *Headley's M. 
 
 Fountain 
 
 H q 
 
 Indian Creek 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Eb 
 
 *Hebron 
 
 Porter 
 
 <; n 
 
 Indian Creek 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Hm 
 
 *Heltonville 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Ilk 
 
 Indian Creek 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Gi 
 
 HENDRICK'S 
 
 
 Gd 
 
 Indian Creek 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Ki 
 
 HENRY 
 
 
 L n 
 
 Indian Creek 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Eb 
 I k 
 
 Henry Mill 
 *Hensley 
 
 Porter 
 Johnson 
 
 I, in 
 L n 
 
 Ind. Kentucky 
 Ind. Ken. Cr. 
 
 Ripley 
 Jefferson 
 
 L m 
 
 *Hermann 
 
 Ripley 
 
 .1 m 
 
 Indian Mound 
 
 Jackson 
 
 J 1 
 
 *Herod 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 [ !< 
 
 * Indian Prair. 
 
 Tipton 
 
 5 
 
 *Hibernia 
 
 Clarke 
 
 ]: d 
 
 Indian Village 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Di 
 
 *Hi?hland 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 If g 
 
 loway 
 
 Jay 
 
 Eh 
 
 *Hirisboro' 
 
 Fountain 
 
 De 
 
 troquois River 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Ki 
 
 Hillsboro' 
 
 Henry 
 
 
 
 
 Mi 
 
 EDllsborough 
 
 Wayne 
 
 J a 
 
 *Jackson 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 F o 
 
 Hindoostan 
 
 Martin 
 
 Hj 
 
 Jackson 
 
 
 I h 
 
 Hinckle Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 L i 
 
 *Jacksonburg 
 
 Wayne 
 
 
 Hindsville 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 I m 
 
 JACKSON 
 
 
 E b 
 
 *Hobart 
 
 Lake 
 
 J l 
 
 Jackson's Mills 
 
 Grant 
 
 F m 
 
 *Hobbieville 
 
 Greene 
 
 Ma 
 
 *Jackson Pr. 
 
 Steuben 
 
 L a 
 F b 
 
 Hogback Lake 
 Hog Creek 
 
 Steuben 
 La Porte 
 
 K i 
 Mn 
 
 Jacksonville 
 Jacksonville 
 
 Fountain 
 Switzerland 
 
 Mm 
 F o 
 
 Hogan's Creek 
 Holbert's 
 
 Dearborn 
 Martin 
 
 J f 
 Ma 
 
 Jalapa 
 James Lake 
 
 Grant 
 Steuben 
 
 L n 
 
 *Home 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 GH 
 
 * Jamestown 
 
 Boone 
 
 Hm 
 
 Homer 
 
 Jackson 
 
 I a 
 
 Jamestown 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 F e 
 
 Honey Creek 
 
 White 
 
 Kj 
 
 Jamestown 
 
 3enry
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 113 
 
 Kef. 
 Let. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 F p 
 
 *Jasper 
 
 Duboia 
 
 J c 
 
 KOSCIUSKO 
 
 
 Ed 
 
 JASPER 
 
 
 K 1 
 
 Kossuth 
 
 Clay 
 
 Mf 
 
 JAY 
 
 
 I q 
 
 *Laconia 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Mf 
 Gg 
 Kn 
 
 *Jay 
 *Jefferson 
 JEFFERSON 
 
 Jay 
 
 Clinton 
 
 F i 
 
 *Ladoga 
 * Lafayette 
 *Lafontaine 
 
 Montgomery 
 Tippecanoe 
 Wabash 
 
 J p 
 
 Mk 
 
 *Jeffersonville 
 *Jennings 
 
 Clarke 
 Franklin 
 
 K a 
 K a 
 
 *La Grange 
 LA GRANGE 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Km 
 
 JENNINGS 
 
 
 E g 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Warren 
 
 I f 
 
 *Jerome 
 
 Howard 
 
 J e 
 
 
 Wabash 
 
 I k 
 
 JOHNSON 
 
 
 D b 
 
 LAKE 
 
 
 F 1 
 
 Johnstown 
 
 Owen 
 
 E r 
 
 Lake Drain 
 
 Spencer 
 
 J f 
 
 *Jonesboro' 
 
 Grant 
 
 D a 
 
 Lake George 
 
 Lake 
 
 F m 
 
 Jonesborough 
 
 Greene 
 
 I d 
 
 Lake Manatan 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Eq 
 
 Jonesborough 
 
 Spencer 
 
 He 
 
 LMaxineukke' 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Ld 
 
 Jones' Creek 
 
 Allen 
 
 E a 
 
 Lake Port 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J m 
 
 Jonesville 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 D c 
 
 Lake Prairie 
 
 Lake 
 
 F k 
 
 Jordan Creek 
 
 Clay 
 
 J b 
 
 L. Tippecanoe 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 
 
 
 J d 
 
 Laketon 
 
 Wabash 
 
 E c 
 
 vankakee Riv. 
 
 
 C r 
 
 Lamarco City 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 F e 
 
 Keen's Creek 
 
 White 
 
 Ke 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Huntington 
 
 F n 
 
 * Kecks ville 
 
 Martin 
 
 K n 
 
 'Lancaster 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ml 
 
 *Kelso 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 F 1 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Owen 
 
 J m 
 
 Kellar's Mills 
 
 Jennings 
 
 L c 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Wells 
 
 L b 
 
 *Kendallville 
 
 Noble 
 
 i q 
 
 "Lanesville 
 
 Harrison 
 
 J J 
 
 Kennedy's 
 
 Shelby 
 
 j i 
 
 Lanesville 
 
 Marion 
 
 Kn 
 
 *Kent 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 G a 
 
 *La Porte 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J e 
 
 Centner Cr. 
 
 Wabash 
 
 G a 
 
 LA PORTE 
 
 
 G m 
 
 Ketcham's M. 
 
 Monroe 
 
 F a 
 
 La Porte Pr. 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Hd 
 
 *Kewanna 
 
 Fulton 
 
 LI 
 
 Laughery 
 
 Ripley 
 
 F n 
 
 Killion's Mill 
 
 Martin 
 
 Mm 
 
 Laughery's C. 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 Kb 
 
 Killbuck Cr. 
 
 Madison 
 
 G fr 
 
 *Lauramie 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 J 
 
 Kimberlin's C. 
 
 Scott 
 
 L k 
 
 * Laurel City 
 
 Franklin. 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Kinder 
 
 Brown 
 
 J i 
 
 *Lawrence 
 
 Marion 
 
 E o 
 
 Kinderhook 
 
 Pike 
 
 Mm 
 
 * Lawrencebur. 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 I g 
 
 King's Mill 
 
 Tipton 
 
 Hn 
 
 LAWRENCE 
 
 
 Gb 
 
 T Kingsbury 
 
 La Porte 
 
 II n 
 
 Lawrenceport 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Kl 
 
 *Kin<rston 
 
 Decatur 
 
 M m 
 
 *Lawrencevil. 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 J i 
 
 Kinnaman's C. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 lira 
 
 Leatherw'd C. 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 J i 
 
 *Kinnard 
 
 Hancock 
 
 E i 
 
 Leatherw'd C. 
 
 Parke 
 
 J i 
 
 Kirkendall's C. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 II q 
 
 * Leavenworth 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Hh 
 
 Kirklin 
 
 Clinton 
 
 II h 
 
 *Lebanon 
 
 Boone 
 
 
 *Kirk's X R'ds 
 
 Clinton 
 
 D q 
 
 *Lee 
 
 Warrick 
 
 Km 
 Kj 
 
 Riser's 
 *Knightstown 
 
 Ripley 
 Henry 
 
 Kc 
 J c 
 
 Leek's Village 
 *Leesburg 
 
 Whitley 
 Kosciusko 
 
 J q 
 
 Knob Creek 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Hn 
 
 *Leesville 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 I r 
 
 Knob Creek 
 
 Harrison 
 
 I 1 
 
 *Lefevre 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Gq 
 
 Knob Creek 
 
 Perry 
 
 Gb 
 
 Lemon's Brid. 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Gc 
 
 Knox 
 
 Stark 
 
 L d 
 
 *Leo 
 
 Allen 
 
 Do 
 
 KNOX 
 
 
 F e 
 
 Leonda 
 
 Miami 
 
 Fp 
 
 Knoxville 
 
 Dubois 
 
 G q 
 
 *Leopold 
 
 Perry 
 
 I t 
 
 *Kokomo 
 
 Howard 
 
 Dk 
 
 *Lewia 
 
 Vigo
 
 114 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 BeC 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 He 
 
 *Lewisburg 
 
 Cass 
 
 iTF 
 
 LoblollyMarsh 
 
 Jay 
 
 J i 
 
 Lewisburg 
 
 Hancock 
 
 J a 
 
 *Locke 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 J n 
 
 Lewis Creek 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ge 
 
 *Lockport 
 
 Carroll 
 
 J k 
 
 Lewis Creek 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Ek 
 
 Lockport 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Lewisville 
 
 Henry 
 
 L i 
 
 Lockport 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Ka 
 
 Lexington 
 
 La Grange 
 
 F h 
 
 *Locust Grove 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 J 
 
 *Lexlngton 
 
 Scott 
 
 Cq 
 
 Locust Lick 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 Gf 
 I k 
 
 Lexington 
 Liberty 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 Johnson 
 
 J e 
 V J 
 
 *Lodi 
 "Lodiville 
 
 Wabash 
 Parke 
 
 Gn 
 
 Liberty 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 .Mil 
 
 *Log Lick Cr. 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Mj 
 
 *Liberty 
 
 Union 
 
 Ml 
 
 *Logan 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 J d 
 
 *Liberty Mills 
 
 Wabash 
 
 He 
 
 *Logansport 
 
 Cass 
 
 Kn 
 
 Lick 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 E a 
 
 Long Lake 
 
 Lake 
 
 F j 
 
 Lick Branch 
 *Lick Branch 
 
 Washington 
 Parke 
 
 f 
 
 Long Pond 
 *Longwood 
 
 Gibson 
 Fayette 
 
 Kg 
 
 Lick Creek 
 
 Blackfoot 
 
 J e 
 
 Loomis 
 
 Whidey 
 
 Li 
 
 Lick Creek 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Dk 
 
 Lost Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Dh 
 
 Lick Creek 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Go 
 
 *Lost River 
 
 Orange 
 
 F o 
 
 Lick Creek 
 
 Martin 
 
 J q 
 
 *Louisville 
 
 KENTUCKr 
 
 Hq 
 
 Lick River 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Ha 
 
 Lowell 
 
 St. Josephs 
 
 Di 
 
 Lyon Mill 
 
 Jasper 
 
 I 1 
 
 Lowell Mills 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Ka 
 
 *Lima 
 
 La Grange 
 
 J p 
 
 Lower Albany 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Mf 
 
 *Limberlost 
 
 Adams 
 
 Kh 
 
 *Luray 
 
 Henry 
 
 Eh 
 
 Linden 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 II q 
 
 Lynch's Mill 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Me 
 
 *Linn 
 
 Adams 
 
 F o 
 
 Lynn 
 
 Martin 
 
 Eq 
 
 Linville 
 
 Warrick 
 
 Mh 
 
 *Lynn 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Era 
 
 *Linton 
 
 Greene 
 
 L o 
 
 Lynn Grove 
 
 Wells 
 
 Lb 
 
 *Lisbon 
 
 Noble 
 
 "q 
 
 *Lynnville 
 
 Warrick 
 
 J j 
 
 *Little Blue R. 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Ei 
 
 Lusk's M. Nar. 
 
 Parke 
 
 Hq 
 
 ^ittle Blue R. 
 
 Crawford 
 
 
 
 
 Lb 
 
 L,ittle Cedar C 
 
 Noble 
 
 1 P 
 
 McCallum's X 
 
 
 He 
 
 Little Charley 
 
 Cass 
 
 
 Roads 
 
 Harrison 
 
 f? 
 
 Little Creek 
 Little Eagle C 
 
 Vanderburg 
 Hamilton 
 
 Kt 
 
 McCoy's Mill 
 McCumber'sM 
 
 Wells 
 Stark 
 
 J a 
 
 Lit Elkhart R. 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 j'h 
 
 Mcllhenny 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Kk 
 
 L. Flat Rock C 
 
 Rush 
 
 Lb 
 
 *Macksville 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Km 
 
 i q 
 
 Lit. Graham C. 
 Lit. Indian Cr 
 
 Jennings 
 Harrison 
 
 Dk 
 K n 
 
 Macksville 
 *Madison 
 
 Vigo 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ga 
 
 L. Kankakee R 
 
 La Porte 
 
 J h 
 
 MADISON 
 
 
 Er 
 Eg 
 
 LitPidgeonC 
 Little Pine Cr. 
 
 Warrick 
 Warren 
 
 II q 
 EIn 
 
 *Magnolia 
 Mahan's Mill 
 
 Crawford 
 Jackson 
 
 Ej 
 
 -.it. Raccoon C 
 
 Parke 
 
 Mi 
 
 *Manchester 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 Di 
 
 -it. Raccoon C 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 J il 
 
 Manchester 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Ld 
 
 -ittle River 
 
 Allen 
 
 F i 
 
 Manhattan 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Mg 
 
 L.SalamonieC 
 
 Jay 
 
 J j 
 
 * Manilla 
 
 Rush 
 
 J 1 
 
 Lit Sand Cr. 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 I k 
 
 *Manwarings 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Fr 
 
 Lit. Sandy Cr. 
 
 Spencer 
 
 Kj 
 
 Marcellus 
 
 iush 
 
 Eg 
 
 L. Shawnee C. 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Ka 
 
 *Marcy 
 
 La Grange 
 
 I n 
 
 'Little York 
 
 Washington 
 
 En 
 
 *Marie Creek 
 
 Knox 
 
 Di 
 
 L. Vermilion R 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 J k 
 
 *Marietta 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Ea 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 Lake 
 
 J f 
 
 *Marion 
 
 Grant 
 
 Ha 
 
 *Livouia 
 
 Washington 
 
 J j 
 
 Marion 
 
 Shelby
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 115 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H~b~ 
 
 ^Marseilles 
 
 Noble 
 
 IT 
 
 *Milan 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Lb 
 
 MARSHALL 
 
 
 J b 
 
 *Milford 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 F n 
 
 MARTIN 
 
 
 K f 
 
 Milford 
 
 Warren 
 
 Li 
 
 Martindale'sF. 
 
 Wayne 
 
 II d 
 
 *Mill Ark 
 
 Fulton 
 
 if 
 
 Martinsburg 
 *Martinsburg 
 
 Washington 
 Wayne 
 
 lid 
 
 Qj 
 
 Mill Creek 
 Mill Creek 
 
 Fulton 
 Hcndricks 
 
 Hk 
 
 *Martinsville 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Kh 
 
 Mill Creek 
 
 Madison 
 
 Gr 
 
 Mason's Mill 
 
 Perry 
 
 F k 
 
 Mill Creek 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Md 
 
 Massilon 
 
 Allen 
 
 G k 
 
 'Mill Grove 
 
 Owen 
 
 Fm 
 
 Matamoras 
 
 Greene 
 
 Kl 
 
 *Millhousen 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Hr 
 
 *Mauckport 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Ml 
 
 Miller 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 Me 
 
 Maumee 
 
 Allen 
 
 flo 
 
 Millersburg 
 
 Orange 
 
 Dk 
 F r 
 
 *Maurius 
 Maxville 
 
 Vigo 
 Perry 
 
 Km 
 J d 
 
 Millersburg 
 Millersburg 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Whitley 
 
 Gg 
 
 Maxwell's M'ls 
 
 Clinton 
 
 (1 a 
 
 Miller's Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 E o 
 
 Maysville 
 
 Daviesa 
 
 EJ 
 
 Miller's Mill 
 
 Parke 
 
 Eg 
 
 Maysville 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Kk 
 
 Millford 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Ke 
 Gh 
 
 Maysville 
 Mechanicsb'rg 
 
 Huntington 
 Boone 
 
 J p 
 
 *Millport 
 Mill River 
 
 Jackson 
 Clarke 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Mechanicsb. 
 
 Henry 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Milroy 
 
 Rush 
 
 Hi 
 
 Mechanicsb'rg 
 
 Marion 
 
 fir 
 
 Millstone Cr. 
 
 Perry 
 
 Dr 
 
 M.'ehanicsvilfe 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 UP 
 
 *Milltown 
 
 Crawford 
 
 J f 
 
 *Meir 
 
 Grant 
 
 Q] 
 
 Milton 
 
 Hendricks 
 
 Hd 
 
 Meredith Mills 
 
 Fulton 
 
 I" J 
 
 *Milton 
 
 Wayne 
 
 D m 
 
 *Merom 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 M m 
 
 *Milton Mills 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Db 
 
 *Merrillville. 
 
 Lake 
 
 F q 
 
 Minor's Mills 
 
 Perry 
 
 Lk 
 
 *Metamora 
 
 Franklin 
 
 [ cl 
 
 *Mishawaka 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Lf 
 
 Metamoras 
 
 Blackford 
 
 [ e 
 
 *Mishwa 
 
 Miami 
 
 Hd 
 
 *Metea 
 
 Cass 
 
 Li q 
 
 MississinewaR 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Ma 
 
 *Mets 
 
 Steuben 
 
 Mk 
 
 Mixerville 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I e 
 
 'Mexico 
 
 Miami 
 
 L a 
 
 *Mongoq'nong 
 
 La Grange 
 
 He 
 
 Miami 
 
 Cass 
 
 K a 
 
 Mongoquin. P. 
 
 La Grange 
 
 I f 
 
 Miami 
 
 Miami 
 
 Me 
 
 *Monmouth 
 
 Adams 
 
 I e 
 
 MIAMI 
 
 
 F e 
 
 *Monong 
 
 White 
 
 Ke 
 
 Miami Reserve 
 
 Huntington 
 
 
 Monoquet 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Mg 
 
 Miami Reserve 
 
 Jay 
 
 Me 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Adams 
 
 Fa 
 
 -MichiganCity 
 
 L,a Porte 
 
 : 
 
 *Monroe 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 
 *Mich. Town 
 
 Clinton 
 
 j] 
 
 * Monrovia 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Mi 
 
 Middleb'rough 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Di 
 
 *Montezuma 
 
 Parke 
 
 J a 
 
 Middlebury 
 
 Klkhart 
 
 K m 
 
 *Montgomery 
 
 Jennings 
 
 El 
 
 Vliddlebury 
 
 Clay 
 
 F h 
 
 MONTGOM'Y 
 
 
 
 "Middle Fork 
 
 Clinton 
 
 F e 
 
 *Monticello 
 
 White 
 
 Kn 
 
 Middle Fork 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 , f 
 
 *Montpelier 
 
 Blackford 
 
 Ld 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Allen 
 
 Hm 
 
 *Mooney 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Kh 
 
 *Middletown 
 
 Henry 
 
 j n 
 
 *Mooretield 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Gk 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Owen 
 
 > m 
 
 *Moore's Hill 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 J k 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Shelby 
 
 J p 
 
 Mooresville 
 
 Floyd 
 
 Dl 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Vijro 
 
 II j 
 
 *Mooresville 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Gh 
 
 Midway 
 
 Clinton 
 
 F f 
 
 Mootses 
 
 White 
 
 Er 
 
 *Midway 
 
 Spencer 
 
 I 1 
 
 Moravian Set. 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 J f 
 
 *Mier 
 
 Grant 
 
 Ilk 
 
 MORGAN 
 
 
 Gp 
 
 *Mifflin 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Eb 
 
 Morgan's Mills 
 
 Porter
 
 116 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ret 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Ret. 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Hk 
 
 *Morgantown 
 
 Morgan 
 
 I d 
 
 Newark 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Dd 
 
 Morocco 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Dq 
 
 *Newark 
 
 Warrick 
 
 J j 
 
 *Morristown 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Bq 
 
 NewBaltimore 
 
 Posey 
 
 
 Morrisville 
 
 Hendricka 
 
 J 1 
 
 *Newbern 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 J k 
 
 Morven 
 
 Shelby 
 
 F m 
 
 "Newberry 
 
 Greene 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Moscow 
 
 Rush 
 
 I j 
 
 New Bethel 
 
 Marion 
 
 DC 
 J k 
 
 Mound Spring 
 *Mt. Auburn 
 
 Lake 
 Shelby 
 
 I Ij b 
 
 New Boston 
 New Bremen 
 
 Wayne 
 Marshall 
 
 Mk 
 
 *ML Carmel 
 
 Franklin 
 
 (i i 
 
 N. Brunswick 
 
 Boone 
 
 I 
 
 Mount Carmel 
 
 Washington 
 
 HI 
 
 N. Brunswick 
 
 Clay 
 
 Ke 
 
 *Mount Etna 
 
 Huntington 
 
 (jr. 
 
 New Buffalo 
 
 White 
 
 Kj 
 
 Mount Etna 
 
 Rush 
 
 K li 
 
 Newburg 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Ee 
 
 Mount Gilboa 
 
 Ben ton 
 
 Dr 
 
 *Newburg 
 
 Warrick 
 
 Mg 
 
 *Mount Holly 
 
 Randolph 
 
 K| 
 
 *N. Burlington 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Gf 
 
 *Mt Jefferson 
 
 Carroll 
 
 i; it 
 
 "New Carlisle 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 F j 
 
 *Mt Meridian 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Nev> Castle 
 
 Henry 
 
 Ee 
 
 Mount Nebo 
 
 Ben ton 
 
 K in 
 
 *N. Centreville 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Ka 
 
 *MountPisgah 
 
 La Grange 
 
 F a 
 
 New City West 
 
 Porter 
 
 Lh 
 
 Mt. Pleasant 
 
 Delaware 
 
 J b 
 
 N. Columbus 
 
 Madison 
 
 I i 
 
 Mt. Pleasant 
 
 Miami 
 
 EJ 
 
 Newcomb's M. 
 
 Parke 
 
 F o 
 
 *Mt. Pleasant 
 
 Martin 
 
 Mf 
 
 *NewCorydon 
 
 Jay 
 
 J k 
 
 Mt. Pleasant 
 
 Shelby 
 
 K| 
 
 N Cumberland 
 
 Grant 
 
 Gp 
 
 *Mt. Prospect 
 
 Crawford 
 
 F K 
 
 *New Durham 
 
 La Porte 
 
 I n 
 
 Mount Sidney 
 
 Jackson 
 
 (ii 
 
 N.Elizabetht'n 
 
 Hendricka 
 
 Mm 
 
 *Mt. Sterling 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 J n 
 
 *N. Frankfort 
 
 Scott 
 
 Gl 
 
 *Mt. Tabor 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Mi 
 
 *New Garden 
 
 Wayne 
 
 I d 
 
 Mt Vernon 
 
 Miami 
 
 Bq 
 
 *N. Harmony 
 
 Posey 
 
 Br 
 
 *Ml. Vernon 
 
 Posey 
 
 Ld 
 
 *New Haven 
 
 Allen 
 
 J e 
 
 Mt. Vernon 
 
 Wabash 
 
 J e 
 
 'New Holland 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Df 
 
 Mud Creek 
 
 Benton 
 
 Me 
 
 NewLancaster 
 
 Jay 
 
 I i 
 
 Mud Creek 
 
 Marion 
 
 J K 
 
 *N. Lancaster 
 
 Tipton 
 
 J d 
 
 Mud Creek 
 
 Wabash 
 
 of 
 
 N'ewLancaster 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Gb 
 
 Mud Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 I) 11] 
 
 "New Lebanon 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 Kh 
 
 * Muncietown 
 
 Delaware 
 
 J 
 
 N. Lexington 
 
 Clarke 
 
 L e 
 
 *Murray 
 
 Wella 
 
 L i 
 
 *New Lisbon 
 
 Henry 
 
 Mm 
 Kn 
 
 Murray's Mills 
 Muscackituk R 
 
 Ohio 
 Jefferson 
 
 Kg 
 
 Eo 
 
 New Lisbon 
 New London 
 
 Randolph 
 Daviess 
 
 I n 
 
 Muscatatuk 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Hq 
 
 *New London 
 
 Howard 
 
 J b 
 
 Musquebuck 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 K (j 
 
 New London 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 i q 
 
 Musquito Cr. 
 
 Harrison 
 
 .] 'd 
 
 New Madison 
 
 Madison 
 
 Mn 
 
 Myre's Tavern 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Km 
 
 'New Marion 
 
 Ripley 
 
 
 
 
 Dk 
 
 *New Market 
 
 Vigo 
 
 J J 
 
 Nameless Cr. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 31 
 
 *N. Maysville 
 
 Putnam 
 
 LI 
 
 *Napoleon 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Kp 
 
 New Motz 
 
 Clarke 
 
 HI 
 
 *NashviUe 
 
 Brown 
 
 Li 
 
 -'N. M.Pleasant 
 
 Jay 
 
 J i 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Hancock 
 
 J b 
 
 New Paris 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Go 
 
 'Natchez 
 
 Martin 
 
 J 
 
 *N.Philadelpk 
 
 Washington 
 
 Gp 
 
 *Nebraska 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Dl 
 
 ^Newport 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 L i 
 
 *Nettle Creek 
 
 Wayne 
 
 HI 
 
 Newport 
 
 Wayne 
 
 J p 
 
 * New Albany 
 
 Floyd 
 
 (j 
 
 New Prospect 
 
 Orange 
 
 M m *New Alsace 
 Hqj*N.Amsterd'm 
 
 Dearborn 
 Harrison 
 
 I P 
 
 J 
 
 *N.Providence Clarke 
 *New Retreat j Washington
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 117 
 
 Ref. 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kef. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Countiea. 
 
 Fh 
 
 N. Richmond 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Gq 
 
 Oil Creek 
 
 Perry 
 
 Gi 
 
 *New Ross 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 LI 
 
 "Oldenburg 
 
 Franklin 
 
 J n 
 
 *Newry 
 
 Jackson 
 
 I i 
 
 Old Run 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Mg 
 
 New Salem 
 
 Jay 
 
 Gd 
 
 Old's Mill 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Lk 
 
 *New Salem 
 
 Rush 
 
 F g 
 
 *Olean 
 
 Ripley 
 
 i q 
 
 *N. Salisbury 
 
 Harrison 
 
 E 
 
 Old WeaTown 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Gp 
 
 Newt. Stewart 
 
 Orange 
 
 F i 
 
 Oloosa 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Eh 
 
 *Newtown 
 
 Fountain 
 
 lib 
 
 *Onondaga 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Ml 
 
 *New Trenton 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Ka 
 
 ^Ontario 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Mk 
 
 New Vernon 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I c 
 
 *Oran 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 L e 
 
 Newville 
 
 Wells 
 
 Go 
 
 ORANGE 
 
 
 Lb 
 
 *Newville 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 LJ 
 
 *Orange 
 
 Fayette 
 
 I 1 
 
 *New Warsaw 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Mb 
 
 Orangetown 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 Ko 
 
 *NWashingt'n 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Go 
 
 ^Orangeville 
 
 Orange 
 
 Gj 
 
 N.Williamsb'g 
 
 Hendricka 
 
 II m 
 
 Orchard's S. S. 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Gj 
 
 *NWinchester 
 
 Hendricks 
 
 Lj 
 
 *Oregon 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Mn 
 
 New York 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 L a 
 
 *Orland 
 
 Steuben 
 
 I e 
 
 *Niconza 
 
 Miami 
 
 Ho 
 
 *Orleans 
 
 Orange 
 
 I k 
 
 *Nineveh 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Le 
 
 Ossian 
 
 Wells 
 
 I h 
 
 Nicholsonville 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 J c 
 
 *Oswego 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 J k 
 
 *Noah 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Ma 
 
 Otsego 
 
 Steuben 
 
 He 
 
 Noble 
 
 Cass 
 
 Dk 
 
 Otter Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Kb 
 
 *Noble C. H. 
 
 Noble 
 
 La 
 
 Otter Lake 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Kb 
 Kb 
 
 NOBLE 
 *N.IronWorks 
 
 Noble 
 
 K m 
 D c 
 
 *0tter Village 
 *0utlet 
 
 Ripley 
 Lake 
 
 I h 
 
 *Nobletnsille 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 J h 
 
 *Ovid 
 
 Madison 
 
 Lc 
 
 Noblesville 
 
 Noble 
 
 K 1 
 
 OWEN 
 
 
 Kj 
 
 Noland's Fork 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Kp 
 
 3wen'a Creek 
 
 Clarke 
 
 F p 
 
 *North 
 
 Dubois 
 
 Gin 
 
 Owensburg 
 
 Greene 
 
 Gc 
 
 North Bend 
 
 Starke 
 
 Cp 
 
 *0wensvilfe 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Hh 
 
 *Northfield 
 
 Boone 
 
 Kn 
 
 *Owl Prairie 
 
 Daviess 
 
 L.m 
 
 *North Hogan 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Bf 
 
 * Oxford 
 
 Benton 
 
 Ha 
 
 *NorthLiberty 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 
 
 
 Kn 
 
 *N. Madison 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 F d 
 
 Paddock Mills 
 
 Jasper 
 
 J e 
 
 *N.Manchester 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Gf 
 
 Paint Creek 
 
 Carroll 
 
 I g 
 
 Normandy 
 
 Tipton 
 
 Mk 
 
 Palestine 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Kb 
 
 *Northport 
 
 Noble 
 
 I c 
 
 ^Palestine 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Gi 
 
 * North Salem 
 
 Hendrick 
 
 G m 
 
 Palestine 
 
 Monroe 
 
 He 
 
 North Salem 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Ha 
 
 Palmer's Pr. 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 F e 
 
 Norway 
 
 White 
 
 Kk 
 
 Palmyra 
 
 Rush 
 
 Le 
 
 *Nottingham 
 
 Wells 
 
 I P 
 
 Palmyra 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Ha 
 
 Notre Dame 
 
 
 I e 
 
 *Palos 
 
 Miami 
 
 
 du Lac 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Go 
 
 *Paoli 
 
 Orange 
 
 Lj 
 
 *NulPs Mills 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Gf 
 
 Paragon 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Dj 
 
 *Numa 
 
 Parke 
 
 J n 
 
 *Paris 
 
 Jennings 
 
 
 
 
 (in 
 
 Paris 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Lk 
 
 *Oak Forest 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Bj 
 
 PARKE 
 
 
 I i 
 
 *Oakland 
 
 Marion 
 
 Fi 
 
 *Parkersburg 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 F m 
 
 *Oak Ridge 
 
 Greene 
 
 Ei 
 
 Parkeville 
 
 Parke 
 
 Hp 
 
 Oberon Cave 
 
 Harrison 
 
 Oq 
 
 Parris 
 
 Posey 
 
 Kj 
 
 *Oa;flen 
 
 Henry 
 
 Df 
 
 Parrish's Gr. 
 
 Benton 
 
 Mm 
 
 OHIO 
 
 
 Gf 
 
 Passeanong C. 
 
 Carroll
 
 118 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let 
 
 Nwnet of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 RcC 
 
 Lst. 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Cp 
 
 *Patoka 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Lk 
 
 Pleasant Ridge 
 
 Rush 
 
 cp 
 
 Patoka Creek 
 
 Gibson 
 
 .- m 
 
 *Pleasant Rid 
 
 Greene 
 
 Ep 
 
 Patoka Creek 
 
 Pike 
 
 Gf 
 
 Pleasant Run 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Mn 
 
 *Patriot 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 J p 
 
 Pleasant Run 
 
 Clarke 
 
 E j 
 
 Patterson's M. 
 
 Parke 
 
 I i 
 
 Pleasant Run 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 J d 
 
 *Paw-Paw 
 
 Miami 
 
 I j 
 
 Pleasant Run 
 
 Marion 
 
 J d 
 
 Paw- Paw Cr. 
 
 Wabash 
 
 I f 
 
 *Pleasant Spr 
 
 Howard 
 
 I 
 
 *Pekin 
 
 Washington 
 
 I j 
 
 *Pleas. View 
 
 .Shelby 
 
 J i 
 
 *Pendleton 
 
 Madison 
 
 K S 
 
 *Pleas. Woods 
 
 Delaware 
 
 I h 
 
 Penfield 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Plunge Creek 
 
 Clay 
 
 LI 
 Mf 
 
 Pennsylvam'ab 
 *Peunvil!e 
 
 Ripley 
 Jay 
 
 J d 
 Mn 
 
 Plunge Creek 
 Plum Creek 
 
 Kosciusko 
 Switzerland 
 
 I e 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Miami 
 
 
 Plum Orchard 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Kk 
 
 Perkins 
 
 Rush 
 
 ib 
 
 * Plymouth 
 
 Marshall 
 
 J h 
 
 *Perkmville 
 
 Madison 
 
 I i 
 
 Pogue's Creek 
 
 Marion 
 
 Lc 
 
 Perry 
 
 Allen 
 
 I h 
 
 *Poinsett 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Gq 
 
 PERRY 
 
 
 F 1 
 
 *PtComm'rce 
 
 Greene 
 
 I d 
 
 *Perrysburg 
 
 Miami 
 
 Gq 
 
 Poison Creek 
 
 Perry 
 
 Dh 
 I e 
 
 Perryville 
 
 Vermilion 
 Miami 
 
 F k 
 Ga 
 
 *Poland 
 Polk's Lake 
 
 Clay 
 La Porte 
 
 Eo 
 
 ^Petersburg 
 
 Pike 
 
 J 
 
 *Polk's Run 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Lf 
 
 Petite Prairie 
 
 Blackford 
 
 Kc 
 
 Pond Creek 
 
 Fluntington 
 
 J i 
 
 *Philadelphia 
 
 Elancock 
 
 Ko 
 
 Pond Creek 
 
 Knox 
 
 Mj 
 
 *Philomath 
 
 Union 
 
 Dg 
 
 *Poolsville 
 
 Warren 
 
 Lj 
 
 Philpott's Mills 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Kc 
 
 *Popano 
 
 Whitley 
 
 De 
 
 Pickamink R. 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Dk 
 
 *Poplar Hill 
 
 Vigo 
 
 J a 
 
 Pidgeon R. Cr. 
 
 Scott 
 
 Ha 
 
 Portage 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 La 
 
 Pideeon River 
 
 Steuben 
 
 Ha 
 
 Portage Prair. 
 
 St Joseph 
 
 Ep 
 
 PIKE 
 
 
 Kb 
 
 *Porter's X R 
 
 Porter 
 
 J c 
 
 Pike Lake 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 F o 
 
 *Portersville 
 
 Duboia 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Piketon 
 
 Marion 
 
 Eh 
 
 *Portland 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Hp 
 
 Pilot Knob 
 
 Crawford 
 
 J i 
 
 Portland 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Hb 
 
 Pine Creek 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Me 
 
 Portland 
 
 Jay 
 
 Eg 
 
 Pine Creek 
 
 Warren 
 
 F f 
 
 *PortlandMills 
 
 Putnam 
 
 F a 
 
 Pine Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Kb 
 
 Port Mitchell 
 
 Morgan 
 
 J 
 
 *Pine Lick 
 
 Clarke 
 
 Hj 
 
 Port Royal 
 
 Noble 
 
 Ef 
 
 Pine Village 
 
 Warren 
 
 G n 
 
 Port William 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Lk 
 
 Pipe Creek 
 
 Franklin 
 
 C r 
 
 POSEY 
 
 
 J h 
 
 *Pipe Creek 
 
 Madison 
 
 C q 
 
 *Poseyville 
 
 Posey 
 
 Gc 
 
 Piqua 
 
 Starke 
 
 ft 
 
 r'ouceaupich'x 
 
 
 Gi 
 
 *Pittsborough 
 
 Hendricka 
 
 
 River 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Gf 
 
 *Pittsburg 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Ld 
 
 'Poughkeepsie 
 
 Allen 
 
 Hj 
 
 *Plainfield 
 
 Hendricka 
 
 Gh 
 
 3 rairie Creek 
 
 Boone 
 
 Ha 
 
 Plainfield 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 ig 
 
 Prairie Creek 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Ej 
 
 Plank Road M. 
 
 Parke 
 
 En 
 
 Prairie Creek 
 
 Daviesa 
 
 I 
 
 Plattsburg 
 
 Washington 
 
 Lh 
 
 Prairie Creek 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Ln 
 
 *Pleasant 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Dl 
 
 *Prairie Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Fk 
 
 Pleasant Card. 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Dh 
 
 *Prairieton 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Hd 
 
 Pleasant Gro. 
 
 Fulton 
 
 ( i S 
 
 'rairieville 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Ed 
 
 'Pleasant Gro. 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Ub 
 
 Prairie West 
 
 .ake 
 
 Eh 
 Me 
 
 *Pleasant Hill j Montgomery 
 Pleasant Mills lAdams 
 
 [-1 
 
 Li 
 
 *Plattsburg 
 Premium Mills 
 
 >Vayne
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 119 
 
 Ref. 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Jtef. 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Kn 
 
 Presburg 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 J m 
 
 Rock Creek 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Ka 
 
 Pretty Prairie 
 
 La Grange 
 
 E i 
 
 Rock Creek 
 
 Parke 
 
 Ke 
 Eo 
 
 *Price 
 Pride's Creek 
 
 Huntington 
 Pike 
 
 Dg 
 J m 
 
 Rock Creek 
 *Rockford 
 
 Warren 
 Jackson 
 
 Dp 
 
 * Princeton 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Ke 
 
 Rockford 
 
 Wells 
 
 Gf 
 
 Prince Wm. 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Gr 
 
 Rock Island 
 
 Perry 
 
 Hp 
 Gd 
 
 *Proctersville 
 PULASKI 
 
 Crawford 
 
 II k 
 Er 
 
 Rockingham 
 *Rockport 
 
 Morgan 
 Spencer 
 
 J a 
 
 Pushawn 
 
 La Grange 
 
 i" ' 
 
 tocky Run 
 
 Parke 
 
 ?j 
 
 PUTNAM 
 *Putnamville 
 
 Putnam 
 
 J a 
 
 tocky Run 
 Rocky Run 
 
 Montgomery 
 Elkhart 
 
 
 
 
 EJ 
 
 *Roc/cville 
 
 Parke 
 
 J n 
 Mn 
 
 *Queensville 
 *Quercus Gr. 
 
 Jennings 
 Switzerland 
 
 Kh 
 Eb 
 
 togersville 
 tolling Prairie 
 
 Henry 
 Lake 
 
 
 
 
 G a 
 
 tolling Prairie 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Kd 
 
 Raccoon V. R. 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Kb 
 
 Rome 
 
 Noble 
 
 En 
 
 *Raglesville 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Jr r 
 
 *Rome 
 
 Perry 
 
 If 
 
 *Rainsville 
 *Raleigh 
 
 Warren 
 Rush 
 
 Es 
 
 *Romney 
 *Root 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 Allen 
 
 Kn 
 
 Ramsey's Mills 
 
 Fefferson 
 
 ^i j 
 
 toseburg 
 
 Union 
 
 Mh 
 
 *Randolph 
 
 Randolph 
 
 E i 
 
 *Roseville 
 
 Parke 
 
 Lh 
 
 RANDOLPH 
 
 
 Kl 
 
 *Rossburg 
 
 Decatur 
 
 El 
 
 Rawley's Mills 
 
 Clay 
 
 G g 
 
 *Rossville 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Raysville 
 
 3enry 
 
 II q 
 
 Rothwick's M. 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Gn 
 
 ledding 
 
 L,awrence 
 
 Hi 
 
 *Royalton 
 
 Boone 
 
 J m 
 
 *Reddington 
 
 Fackson 
 
 He 
 
 *Royal Centre 
 
 
 D g 
 
 Redwood Cr. 
 
 Warren 
 
 F n 
 
 Rusjglesville 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Gh 
 
 Reese's Mill 
 
 3oone 
 
 ^ j 
 
 RUSH 
 
 
 Hq 
 
 lemarkable C. 
 
 Crawford 
 
 ; n 
 
 Rush Creek 
 
 Washington 
 
 Ed 
 
 *Rensselaer 
 
 Fasper 
 
 K j 
 
 *Rushville 
 
 Rush 
 
 I e 
 
 *Reserve 
 
 
 K j 
 
 *Russell'sMills 
 
 Parke 
 
 Ld 
 
 Richardville 
 
 Allen 
 
 F j 
 
 *Russellville 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Richland 
 
 Rush 
 
 Gg 
 
 *Russiaville 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Mj 
 
 Richland Cr. 
 
 Jnion 
 
 
 
 
 F 1 
 
 Richland Cr. 
 
 3reene 
 
 jr r 
 
 Sackett's Mills 
 
 Perry 
 
 Kl 
 
 lichmond 
 
 Decatur 
 
 I n 
 
 *Sage's Ferry 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Mi 
 
 ^Richmond 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Lk 
 
 Cain's Creek 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Kg 
 
 *Rich Woods 
 
 Delaware 
 
 C o 
 
 St.Francisville 
 
 ILLINOIS 
 
 Mq 
 
 Ridgeville 
 
 Randolph 
 
 D b 
 
 *St. John 
 
 Lake 
 
 Dk 
 
 -Riley 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Ha 
 
 ST. JOSEPH 
 
 
 Ka 
 Kj 
 Lm 
 
 *Ringgold 
 RIPLEY 
 
 La Grange 
 Rush 
 
 Me 
 J a 
 J 1 
 
 St. Joseph R. 
 St. Joseph R. 
 St. Louis 
 
 Allen 
 
 Elkhart 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Mm 
 
 * Rising Sun 
 
 Ohio 
 
 F r 
 
 St. Louis 
 
 Perry 
 
 Kd 
 
 *Roanoke 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Me 
 
 St. Mary's Riv. 
 
 Adams 
 
 Db 
 
 Robinson's Pr. 
 
 Lake 
 
 I k 
 
 *St. Omer 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Eg 
 
 *Rob Roy 
 
 Fountain 
 
 Ke 
 
 Salamonie R. 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Mk 
 
 Rochester 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Mh 
 
 Salem 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Hd 
 
 *Rockester 
 
 Fulton 
 
 I 
 
 * Salem 
 
 Washington 
 
 J b 
 
 Rochester 
 
 Noble 
 
 P m 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 Greene 
 
 I 1 
 
 *Rock Creek 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 1 P 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 larrison 
 
 Ge 
 
 Rock Creek 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Ml 
 
 Salmon 
 
 franklin
 
 120 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 ReC 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 HI 
 
 Salt Creek 
 
 Brown 
 
 I h 
 
 Sly Fork 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Lk 
 
 Salt Creek 
 
 Franklin 
 
 K j 
 
 *Smelser's M. 
 
 Rush 
 
 Hm 
 
 Salt Creek 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Dn 
 
 Small Creek 
 
 Knox 
 
 Gm 
 
 Salt Creek 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 I. }, 
 
 *Smithfield 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Ea 
 
 Salt Creek 
 
 Porter 
 
 <in 
 
 Smith's Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Fd 
 
 Saltillo 
 
 Jasper 
 
 i; n 
 
 Smother's Cr. 
 
 Daviess 
 
 J o 
 
 Saltillo 
 
 Washington 
 
 K n 
 
 Smockville 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 HI 
 Kn 
 
 Salt Spring 
 
 *Saluda 
 
 Brown 
 Jefferson 
 
 ]>r 
 K 1 
 
 Smyrna 
 *Smyrna 
 
 Vanderburg 
 Decatur 
 
 Kl 
 
 Sand Creek 
 
 Decatur 
 
 I. k 
 
 Somerset 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I i 
 
 Sand Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 I i 
 
 *Somerset 
 
 Wabash 
 
 J m 
 
 Sand Creek 
 
 Jennings 
 
 H a 
 
 *South Bend 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Dq 
 Ea 
 
 Sandersville 
 Sand Hills 
 
 Vanderburg 
 Lake 
 
 K H 
 
 M !1 
 
 South Fork 
 South Fork 
 
 Jennings 
 Ohio 
 
 Ee 
 
 Sand Ridge 
 
 Benton 
 
 Ml 
 
 *South Gate 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I f 
 
 *Santa Fe 
 
 Miami 
 
 K n 
 
 *S. Hanover 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Fk 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 Owen 
 
 I r 
 
 South La Gros 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Cr 
 
 *Saundersville 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 I. a 
 
 *South .Milford 
 
 La Grange 
 
 J j 
 
 ^avannah 
 
 Shelby 
 
 K p 
 
 8. Patoka Cr. 
 
 Pike 
 
 
 Scaffold Prair. 
 
 Greene 
 
 I i 
 
 *Southport 
 
 Marion 
 
 I g 
 
 Schoncks 
 
 Tipton 
 
 i 1 
 
 Southport 
 
 Owen 
 
 Mk 
 J m 
 
 Scipio 
 *Scipio 
 
 Franklin 
 Jennings 
 
 K c 
 Mn 
 
 *S. Whitley 
 *Sparta 
 
 Whitley 
 Dearborn 
 
 Bq 
 
 -cipio Creek 
 
 Posey 
 
 M 1, 
 
 *Spartanbur<r 
 
 Randolph 
 
 
 * Scotland 
 
 Greene 
 
 
 Sparke's C. B. 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Ka 
 
 *Scott 
 
 La Grange 
 
 H n 
 
 Sparke'sFerry 
 
 Washington 
 
 J 
 
 SCOTT 
 
 
 i-' ; 
 
 "Spencer 
 
 Owen 
 
 Gd 
 
 Scott's Creek 
 
 White 
 
 " r 
 
 SPENCER 
 
 
 J p 
 
 -ellersburgh 
 
 Clarke 
 
 M ' 
 
 *Spencerville 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 Eg 
 
 *Shawnee Mo. 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 K i 
 
 'Spiceland 
 
 Henry 
 
 Eg 
 
 Shawnee Pr. 
 
 Fountain 
 
 ; n 
 
 Spider Creek 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Eg 
 
 Shawnce Vil. 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 \. i 
 
 *Springersv'le 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Dn 
 
 Shakertown 
 
 Xnox 
 
 M h 
 
 *Springboro' 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Gh 
 
 Shannon Dale 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Ik 
 
 *Springtield 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I g 
 
 Sharpsville 
 
 Tipton 
 
 K b 
 
 *Springtield 
 
 Noble 
 
 J k 
 
 *Sheilville 
 SHELBY 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 n 
 
 Springfield 
 Springfield 
 
 Posey 
 Whitley 
 
 J k 
 
 *SMbyviUe 
 
 Shelby 
 
 KK 
 
 *Spring Hill 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Fi 
 
 Sherwood's F. 
 
 Porter 
 
 m 
 
 'Spring Hill 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 J q 
 
 He 
 
 Shipping Port 
 *Sidney 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 Marshall 
 
 ;k 
 
 ; i 
 
 Spring in Cave 
 *Spring Town 
 
 Owen 
 Hendricks 
 
 Dm 
 
 *Silva 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 i j 
 
 *Spring Valley Marion 
 
 J p 
 
 Mj 
 
 Silver Creek 
 Silver Creek 
 
 Clarke 
 Union 
 
 ; H 
 
 ^prinsville La Porte 
 'Springville Lawrence 
 
 J d 
 
 Silver Creek 
 
 Wabash 
 
 ' d' 
 
 Squirrel Creek'Miami 
 
 J p 
 
 Sinking Fork 
 
 Clarke 
 
 
 *Stanford jMonroe 
 
 Gn 
 
 *Sinking Spr. 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 1 d 
 
 *State Line Jasper 
 
 J m 
 
 *Six Mile Cr. 
 
 Jennings 
 
 I n 
 
 State Ford Jackson 
 
 J p 
 
 Six Mile Island 
 
 Clarke 
 
 ; c 
 
 STARKE 
 
 F o 
 
 State Creek 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Ma 
 
 STEUBEN 
 
 Ml 
 
 State Fork 
 
 Brown 
 
 , a 
 
 Steuben Mills Steuben 
 
 Fm 
 
 Slinkard's Mill 
 
 Greene 
 
 L g 
 
 *Steubenville ; Steuben
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 121 
 
 Ref- 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Ref 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. 
 
 K j 
 
 *Steele's 
 
 Rush 
 
 Dk 
 
 *Terre Haute 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Gp 
 Gj 
 
 *Stirling 
 *Stilesville 
 
 Crawford 
 Hendricks 
 
 I g 
 
 I 
 
 Tetersburg 
 *Texas 
 
 Tipton 
 Washington 
 
 Lh 
 
 Stoney Creek 
 
 Delaware 
 
 |Gh 
 
 *Thornleysvil 
 
 Boone 
 
 I h 
 
 Stoney Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 ;G h 
 
 *Thorntown 
 
 Boone 
 
 F a 
 Hk 
 
 Stoney Lake 
 Stott's Creek 
 
 La Porte 
 Morgan 
 
 I c 
 Ff 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 *Tip. Bat. Gr. 
 
 Marshall 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 F p 
 
 Strait's River 
 
 Dubois 
 
 F e 
 
 TIPPEC'NOE 
 
 
 I h 
 
 *Strawtown 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 I c 
 
 Tippecanoe R 
 
 
 L m 
 
 *Stringtown 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Be 
 
 Tip ton 
 
 Cass 
 
 Lk 
 
 Strippshill 
 
 Franklin 
 
 I g 
 
 *Tipton 
 
 Tiptou 
 
 J m 
 
 Stucker'sFork 
 
 Scott 
 
 I n 
 
 TIPTON 
 
 
 De 
 F o 
 
 Sugar Creek 
 Sugar Creek 
 
 Benton 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Gl 
 
 *Tiptonsport 
 Tipton'slsland 
 
 Carroll 
 Jackson 
 
 J i 
 
 'Sugar Creek 
 
 Hancock 
 
 G r 
 
 Tobinsport 
 
 Perry 
 
 F h 
 
 Sugar Creek 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Di 
 
 Toronto 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 E i 
 I k 
 
 Sugar Creek 
 Sugar Ci'eek 
 
 Parke 
 Shelby 
 
 Ke 
 
 F a 
 
 *Tracy 
 Trail Creek 
 
 Huntington 
 La Porte 
 
 Gf 
 
 Sugar Creek 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 K IT 
 
 *Trask 
 
 Grant 
 
 Dk 
 
 Sugar Creek 
 
 Vigo 
 
 Lf 
 
 Trenton 
 
 Blackford 
 
 Gf 
 Dm 
 
 *Sugar Grove 
 *Suilivan 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 Sullivan 
 
 Mh 
 1' n 
 
 *Trenton 
 Trinity Spr. 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Martin 
 
 Dm 
 F n 
 
 SULLIVAN 
 Su[phur Cr. 
 
 Vlartin 
 
 F r 
 Km 
 
 Troy 
 Tunnel Mills 
 
 Perry 
 Jennings 
 
 J k 
 
 *Sulphur Hill 
 
 Shelby 
 
 J I) 
 
 Turkey Creek 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Ki 
 
 *Sulphur Spr. 
 
 lenry 
 
 Eb 
 
 Turkey Creek 
 
 Lake 
 
 F n 
 Gb 
 
 Sulphur Spr. 
 Sulphur Spr. 
 
 Martin 
 Starke 
 
 L a 
 J b 
 
 Turkey Creek 
 Turkey Lake 
 
 La Grange 
 Kosciusko 
 
 L c 
 
 Summerville 
 
 Allen 
 
 J i' 
 
 TurkeyPrairie 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 L h 
 
 Summit Level 
 
 Henry 
 
 ni 
 
 Turman's Cr 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 J c 
 
 * Summit 
 
 Whitley 
 
 Dm 
 
 Turtle Creek 
 
 Sullivan 
 
 J h 
 
 *Summitville 
 
 Madison 
 
 Gg 
 
 TwelveMilePr 
 
 Ulinton 
 
 Ha 
 
 Sumption Pr. 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 E a 
 
 Twenty M. Pr. 
 
 Dorter 
 
 J J 
 
 Swamp Cr. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 a 
 
 Twin Creek 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Kh 
 
 *Swan 
 
 Noble 
 
 Hii 
 
 Twin Creek 
 
 *Vashington 
 
 Hn 
 
 *Swanville 
 
 efferson 
 
 
 Twin Lake 
 
 La Porte 
 
 F n 
 
 Sweezy's Mill 
 
 Martin 
 
 Gd 
 
 TwoMilePrair. 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Mn 
 
 SWITZERL. 
 
 
 
 
 
 J b 
 
 "Syracuse 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Mk 
 
 Inion 
 
 Franklin 
 
 
 
 
 Mb 
 
 Jnion 
 
 Randolph 
 
 I 1 
 
 Taggart's Set. 
 
 5rown 
 
 '> P 
 
 Union 
 
 Pike 
 
 I 1 
 
 Tannehill's M. 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Mj 
 
 UNION 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 Tanner's Cr. 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 F b 
 
 Union Mills 
 
 -is. Porte ' 
 
 Gp 
 
 Tar Spring 
 
 Crawford 
 
 j d 
 
 * Union town 
 
 Wells 
 
 F b 
 
 ! Tassinong 
 
 Porter 
 
 , b 
 
 Jniontown 
 
 De Kalb 
 
 L d 
 Bq 
 
 Taw-Taw 
 * Taylor 
 
 Allen 
 'osey 
 
 1C 
 
 Jl 
 
 Union Village 
 Unionville 
 
 Marshall 
 don roe 
 
 I 1 
 Eq 
 
 Taylorsburg 
 Taylorsville 
 
 irown 
 VVarrick 
 
 v a 
 p 
 
 Utah 
 Utica 
 
 -.a Grange 
 Clarke 
 
 I 1 
 
 Taylorsville 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 e 
 
 Utica 
 
 Wabash 
 
 
 Taylorsville 
 
 Clinton 
 
 
 
 
 Ga 
 
 Terre Coupee 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Gb 
 
 Vail's Creek 
 
 La Porte 
 
 11
 
 122 
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 Ref. 
 Let 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 tut 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places 
 
 Counties. ' 
 
 Hp 
 
 *VaJerme 
 
 Orange 
 
 J b 
 
 Wawas Lake 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 I n 
 
 *Vallonia 
 
 Jackson 
 
 I b 
 
 Waweassee L. 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Eb 
 
 * Valparaiso 
 
 Porter 
 
 I f 
 
 Wawpecons 
 
 Miami 
 
 Ek 
 
 *Van Buren 
 
 Clay 
 
 I m 
 
 Waymansville 
 
 Bartholomew 
 
 Fl 
 
 *Vandalia 
 
 Owen 
 
 Hi 
 
 WAYNE 
 
 
 Cr 
 
 VANDERB'G 
 
 
 j i 
 
 Waynesburg 
 
 Decatur 
 
 ?! 
 
 Vance's Mills 
 Vaughn's Mills 
 
 Clinton 
 Shelby 
 
 f : ii 
 
 *Waynetown 
 Wayport 
 
 Montgomery 
 Monroe 
 
 Eo 
 
 Veal's Creek 
 
 Daviesa 
 
 F - 
 
 Wea Creek 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Di 
 
 VERMILION 
 
 
 Bf 
 
 Wea Prairie 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Dh 
 
 Vermilion R, 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 F z 
 
 Weaton 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 I f 
 Km 
 
 *Vermont 
 
 Howard 
 Jennings 
 
 
 Web's Ferry 
 Webster 
 
 Posey 
 Kosciusko 
 
 J n 
 
 Vernon Fork 
 
 Jackson 
 
 '.] f 
 
 Webster's Mill 
 
 Grant 
 
 Cr 
 
 *Verona 
 
 Vanderburg 
 
 [I m 
 
 Weddle's Mills 
 
 Brown 
 
 L m 
 
 * Versailles 
 
 Ripley 
 
 ! c 
 
 Weesaw 
 
 Miami 
 
 Mn 
 
 *Vetay 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Gb 
 
 Weesaw 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Mb 
 
 Vienna 
 
 DeKalb 
 
 I i 
 
 Wellington 
 
 Marion 
 
 L j 
 
 Vienna 
 
 Rush 
 
 I c 
 
 WeesawCreek 
 
 Miami 
 
 J a 
 
 *Vienna 
 
 Scott 
 
 F ? 
 
 *WesleyChap 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Dk 
 
 VIGO 
 
 
 L < 
 
 WELLS 
 
 
 Do 
 
 * Vincennes 
 
 Knox 
 
 lid 
 
 *Wesley ' 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Gm 
 
 Virginia Ir.W. 
 
 Greene 
 
 F e 
 
 West Bedford 
 
 White 
 
 
 
 
 J i 
 
 West Creek 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 J e 
 
 * Wabash 
 
 Wabash 
 
 DC 
 
 *West Creek 
 
 Lake 
 
 J e 
 
 WABASH 
 
 
 G i 
 
 West Delphi 
 
 Carroll 
 
 J e 
 
 Wabash River 
 
 
 1 li 
 
 *Westfield 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Cr 
 Kk 
 
 Waggoree's C. 
 Walker's 
 
 Vanderburg 
 Rush 
 
 C r 
 G a 
 
 *W. Franklin 
 W. Hamilton 
 
 Posey 
 La Porte 
 
 Eh 
 Fj 
 
 *Wallace 
 Walnut Fork 
 
 Fountain 
 Putnam 
 
 [ h 
 I) e 
 
 *W.Kinderh'k 
 *W. Lebanon 
 
 Tipton 
 Warren 
 
 J f 
 
 *Walnut Cr. 
 
 GJrant 
 
 Iff 
 
 West Liberty 
 
 Jay 
 
 I o 
 
 Mg 
 Kl 
 
 *WalnutRidge 
 Ward 
 *Warren 
 
 Washington 
 
 Randolph 
 Huntington 
 
 He 
 
 r e 
 Kl 
 
 West Logan 
 *West Point 
 *West Port 
 
 7 ass 
 Tippecanoe 
 Decatur 
 
 ^ g 
 
 WARREN 
 
 
 Kp 
 
 Westport 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 
 Dq 
 
 * Warren ton 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Gk 
 
 *West Salem 
 
 Morgan 
 
 J i 
 
 Warrington 
 
 Hancock 
 
 I. k 
 
 West Union 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Dq 
 
 WARRICK 
 
 
 I) n 
 
 *West Union 
 
 Knox 
 
 Dq 
 
 Warrickton 
 
 Warrick 
 
 Di 
 
 West Union 
 
 Parke 
 
 J c 
 
 * Warsaw 
 
 Kosciusko 
 
 Ea 
 
 Westville 
 
 La Porte 
 
 He. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Cass 
 
 Kg 
 
 'Wheeling 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Eo 
 
 * Washington 
 
 Daviess 
 
 Hp 
 
 Whiskey Run. 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Mi 
 
 Washington 
 
 Wayne 
 
 Gl 
 
 *Whitehall 
 
 Owen 
 
 I 
 
 WASHINGTN 
 
 
 r. k 
 
 *\Vhitcomb 
 
 franklin 
 
 Gr 
 
 Waterbury 
 
 Perry 
 
 J i 
 
 *White 
 
 lancock 
 
 J a 
 
 Waterford 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 G e 
 
 WHITE 
 
 
 Fa 
 
 Waterford 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Hi 
 
 White Lick 
 
 Horgan 
 
 L j 
 
 *Waterloo 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Hi 
 
 White LickCr. 
 
 lendricka 
 
 De 
 
 *Wauhoo 
 
 Vigo 
 
 i-; i 
 
 White Oak Cr. 
 
 Clay 
 
 Ei 
 Hk 
 
 *Waveland 
 Waverley 
 
 Montgomery 
 Morgan 
 
 K f 
 F o 
 
 White Oak Gr. 
 *WhiteOakG. 
 
 Benton 
 Dubois
 
 REFERENCE INDEX. 
 
 123 
 
 Ref 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Bc 
 
 Let. 
 
 Names of Places. 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Cp 
 
 White River 
 
 Knox 
 
 
 *Woodbury 
 
 Vladison 
 
 I m 
 
 White River 
 
 Jackson 
 
 I k 
 
 Woodruffs 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Gl 
 
 *White Post 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Br 
 
 Wood's Ferry 
 
 Posey 
 
 Mi 
 
 *White Water 
 
 Wayne 
 
 G n 
 
 Wood's Ferry 
 
 Lawrence". 
 
 Mk 
 
 White W. Riv 
 
 
 II n 
 
 *Woodville 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Ml 
 
 White W.Can. 
 
 
 
 Woodville 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 J d 
 Kc 
 
 *Whitley 
 WHITLEY 
 
 Whifley 
 
 lib 
 I n 
 
 W'dworth's L. 
 Woody's Fer. 
 
 Marshall 
 Jackson 
 
 Gp 
 
 *Wickliffe 
 
 Crawford 
 
 J ii 
 
 Wooster 
 
 Scott 
 
 I 8 
 
 Wild Cat Cr. 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 F o 
 
 *Worth 
 
 Dubois 
 
 Gf 
 
 Wild Cat Riv. 
 
 Tipton 
 
 F m 
 
 Worthington 
 
 Greene 
 
 I i 
 
 Williams Cr. 
 
 Marion 
 
 F m 
 
 *Wright 
 
 Greene 
 
 Ej 
 
 Williams Cr. 
 
 Parke 
 
 I j 
 
 Wrightsdale 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Lj 
 
 Williams Cr. 
 
 Fayette 
 
 J m 
 
 Wyalosing Cr. 
 
 Jennings 
 
 Hm 
 I k 
 Mi 
 
 Williamsburg 
 Williamsburg 
 nVilliamsb'rg 
 
 Jackson 
 Johnson 
 Wayne 
 
 v;f; 
 
 Ef 
 
 *WyandotVil. 
 Wyland'sMills 
 *Wynn 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 Elkhart 
 Franklin 
 
 Eg 
 F q 
 
 * Williamsport 
 Williams'n'sM 
 
 Warren 
 Perry 
 
 Gel 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 White 
 
 Ek 
 
 *Williamsto'n 
 
 Clay 
 
 J f 
 
 Xenia 
 
 Miami 
 
 Kk 
 
 *Williamsto'n 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Gf 
 
 Xenia 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Ka 
 
 Willis Lake 
 
 La Grange 
 
 
 
 
 Ea 
 
 Willow Creek 
 
 Porter 
 
 Le 
 
 Yellow Creek 
 
 Adams 
 
 Mm 
 
 *Wilmington 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 I a 
 
 Yellow Creek 
 
 Elkhart 
 
 Mm 
 
 Wilson's Cr. 
 
 Dearborn 
 
 Hb 
 
 Yellow River 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Do 
 
 Wilson's Cr. 
 
 Knox 
 
 Gc 
 
 Yellow River 
 
 Starke 
 
 Gl 
 
 * Winamac 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 lib 
 
 Yellowbank C. 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Mh 
 
 * Winchester 
 
 Randolph 
 
 I k 
 
 * Yellow Spr. 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Lh 
 
 'Windsor 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Dp 
 
 York 
 
 Gibson 
 
 Kn 
 
 Wirt 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ml 
 
 *York Ridge 
 
 Brown 
 
 Db 
 
 *Winfield 
 
 Lake 
 
 Kh 
 
 *Yorktown 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Ep 
 
 *Winslow 
 
 Pike 
 
 f" 
 
 Yorktown 
 
 Tippecanoe 
 
 Ka 
 
 *Wolcott's M. 
 
 La Grange 
 
 
 Young's Creek 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Gh 
 
 Wolf Creek 
 
 Boone 
 
 F h 
 
 *Yountsville 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 He 
 
 Wolf Creek 
 
 Marshall 
 
 
 
 
 La 
 
 Wolf Lake 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Kd 
 
 Zanesville 
 
 Wells 
 
 Kb 
 
 *Wolf Lake 
 
 Noble 
 
 Km 
 
 *Zenas 
 
 Jennings
 
 ROUTES IN INDIANA. 
 
 %* The first column of figures refers to the distance from place to place, 
 and the second to the total distance from starting point. 
 
 Madison and Indianapolis. 
 MADISON - 
 
 Indianapolis, Lawrence- 
 burg, and Cincinnati. 
 
 North Madison . - 
 
 2 2 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS - 
 
 
 Wirt 
 
 4 6 
 
 SHELBFVILLE 
 
 26 26 
 
 Lancaster ... 
 
 4 10 
 
 Middletown - 
 
 7 33 
 
 Big Creek .... 
 
 2 12 
 
 St. Omer - - - 
 
 3 36 
 
 Camp Creek - 
 Graham's Fork - 
 
 2 14 
 4 18 
 
 Milford Junctionf 
 Greensburg ... 
 
 7 43 
 10 53 
 
 Vernon - 
 
 4 22 
 
 Huntersville . 
 
 13 66 
 
 North Vernon ... 
 
 1 23 
 
 Guiltbrd- 
 
 
 Queensville - 
 
 5 28 
 
 LAWRENCEBUBG 
 
 *8 96 
 
 Scipio .... 
 
 2 30 
 
 State Line 
 
 2 98 
 
 Tannersville ... 
 
 3 33 
 
 CINCINNATI - 
 
 18 116 
 
 Rock Creek * 
 
 1 34 
 
 
 
 Elizabethtown 
 
 2 36 
 
 Indianap's and Cincinnati. 
 
 Taylorville - 
 
 6 49 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS - 
 
 ; 
 
 Edinburg* 
 
 5 54 
 
 SHELBYVILLE 
 
 26 26 
 
 Amity .... 
 
 5 59 
 
 Rushville .... 
 
 20 46 
 
 Franklint - 
 
 5 64 
 
 
 5 51 
 
 Worthsville - 
 
 7 71 
 
 Connersville 
 
 12 63 
 
 Greenwood ... 
 
 3 74 
 
 Brownsville 
 
 7 70 
 
 Southport - 
 INDIANAPOLIS ... 
 
 5 79 
 
 7 86 
 
 Liberty - 
 STATE LINE - 
 
 5 75 
 
 7 82 
 
 Columbus and Jefferson. 
 
 Oxford, O. ... 
 Hamilton 
 
 5 87 
 24 111 
 
 COLUMBUS ... 
 
 
 CINCINNATI ... 
 
 25 136 
 
 Wailesboro' - - * 
 
 4 4 
 
 
 
 Waynesville - 
 Bannersville - 
 Jonesville 
 
 2 6 
 1 7 
 3 10 
 
 Indianapolis, Eaton 
 Cincinnati. 
 
 and 
 
 Rockford 
 
 5 15 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS - 
 
 
 Vernon Fork - " 
 
 9 24 
 
 Greenfield 
 
 21 21 
 
 Muscatatuk Rirer - 
 
 4 28 
 
 CharlottesTille - 
 
 8 29 
 
 Centreville - * 
 
 7 35 
 
 Raysville 
 
 5 34 
 
 Vienna - - * 
 
 3 38 
 
 Lewisville 
 
 9 43 
 
 Morristown 
 
 7 45 
 
 Dublin - 
 
 8 51 
 
 Holmes' Mills 
 
 4 49 
 
 CAMBRIDGE CITT - 
 
 2 53 
 
 Sellersburg ... 
 
 9 58 
 
 Germantown 
 
 2 55 
 
 JEFFERSONVILLE 
 
 8 66 
 
 Centreyille 
 
 7 62 
 
 * Branch Railroad to Slielbyrille, 16 miles; whence continued to Knightetown, 37 
 miles, and to Rushville, 20 miles. 
 
 i Branch Railroad, via Liberty and Morgantown, to MartinsviHe, 29 miles. 
 Branch Railroad to Milford, 4 miles.
 
 ROUTES IN INDIANA. 
 
 125 
 
 Indianapolis, Eaton, and 
 
 Indianapolis andLafayette. 
 
 Cincinnati Continued. 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS ... 
 
 Richmond* 6 68 
 
 Piketon- ... 7 7 
 
 State Linet - - - 4 72 
 
 Royalton - - - - 7 14 
 
 Eaton - - - - 10 82 
 
 Lebanon - - - 12 26 
 
 Hamilton - - - - 34 116 
 
 Thorntown - - - 8 34 
 
 CINCINNATI 25 141 
 
 LAFAYETTE - - 26 60 
 
 New Castle, Richmond, and 
 
 Indianapolis and Terre 
 
 Logansport. 
 
 1 Haute. 
 
 RICHMOND 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS ... 
 
 Washington 9 9 
 
 Bridgeport 9 9 
 
 Hagerstown - - - 7 16 
 
 Cartersburg - - - 8 17 
 
 NEWCASTLE - 11 27 
 
 N.Belleville - - - 2 19 
 
 ANDERSONTOWN - - 18 45 
 
 Claysville - - - - 2 21 
 
 LOGANSPORT - - 64 109 
 
 Crittfenden - - - 7 28 
 
 
 West Milton - - - 1 29 
 
 Indianapolis and Belief on- 
 
 Filhnore 5 34 
 GREEN CASTLE - - 6 40 
 
 taine. 
 
 Colloma 5 45 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS - 
 
 Manhattan - - - 2 47 
 
 Zanesville ... 6 6 
 
 Brazil - - - - 11 58 
 
 Oakland - - - - 5 11 
 
 Highland - - - - 3 61 
 
 Fortville 7 18 
 
 TERHE HAUTE - - 12 73 
 
 Alibnte - - - - 2 20 
 
 
 Pendleton 7 27 
 ANDERSONTOWN - - 7 34 
 
 New Albany 'and Chicago. 
 
 Yorktown - 12 46 
 
 NEW ALBANY 
 
 MUNCIETOWX - . - 6 52 
 
 Bennetsville 9 9 
 
 Morristown - - - 9 61 
 
 N. Providence - - 9 18 
 
 Farmville - - - - 4 65 
 
 Pekin 5 23 
 
 Royston ... 3 68 
 WINCHESTER - - - 5 73 
 Union (State Line) - 10 83 
 BELLEFONTAINE, O. - 53 141 
 
 SALEM - - - - 12 35 
 Orleans - 20 55 
 Woodville - - - 7 62 
 BEDFORD - - 8 70 
 
 
 Fairfax - - - - 10 80 
 
 Indianapolis and Elkhart. 
 
 BLOOMINGTON - 11 91 
 Ellettsville - - - 6 97 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS 
 
 GOSPORT 8 105 
 
 Noblesville - . - 22 22 
 
 Cloverdale - - -11 116 
 
 Tipton - - - - 17 39 
 
 Putnamville - 6 122 
 
 Kokomo - - - 16 55 
 
 GREEN CASTLE - - 5 127 
 
 Miami - - - - 9 64 
 
 Fincastle ' - - 12 139 
 
 Leonda . - - 5 .69 
 
 CHAWFORDSVILLE - - 13 155 
 
 Peru - - - - 6 75 
 
 Linden- - 10 165 
 
 Paw Paw - . - 14 89 
 
 Romney - 5 170 
 
 Warsaw - - - . 24 113 
 
 LA FAYETTE - - 13 183 
 
 GOSHEN - - - 26 139 
 
 MICHIGAN CITY - - 92 275 
 
 ELKHAST - - - 10 149 
 
 CHICAGO - - - 58 333 
 
 * Branch Railroad to Dayton and Western Railroad, 4 miles. 
 t Four Mile Valley Railroad, via Fairhaven, Ohio, to Junction Railroad, near 
 Oxford, 23 miles, diverges here.
 
 126 
 
 ROUTES IN INDIANA. 
 
 Chicago, Nor them Indiana. 
 
 Wabash and Erie Canal 
 
 and Monroe. 
 
 Continued. 
 
 CHICAGO - 
 State Line - - - 14 14 
 Bailey Town - - - 27 41 
 La Porte - - - 21 62 
 
 Reservoir - - - 11 81 
 Antwerp 3 84 
 State Line ... 4 88 
 
 West Hamilton - - 5 67 
 
 Indiana Division. 
 
 Carlisle - - - 10 77 
 
 Indiana City 3 9" 1 
 
 South Bend - - . 15 92 
 
 Fairport - - - - 2 93 
 
 Mishawaka ... 4 96 
 
 Lewiston 3 96 
 
 Elkhart* - - - - 12 108 
 
 FOBT WAYNK - - - 12 108 
 
 Bristol ... 8 116 
 
 Aboit6 - - - - 11 119 
 
 State Line - - - 7 123 
 
 Huntington - - - 16 135 
 
 White Pigeon, Mich. - 6 129 
 
 Utica .... 9 144 
 
 Monroe - - 128 257 
 
 Lagro - - - 5 149 
 
 
 WABASH ... 6 155 
 
 Chicago, Northern Indiana 
 
 Peru - - - - 15 170 
 
 and Detroit. 
 
 Lewisburg - - - 8 178 
 
 Chicago .... 
 
 LOGANSPORT - - - 8 186 
 
 State Line - - - 21 21 
 
 Amsterdam - - - 9 195 
 
 Lake Station - - - 15 36 
 
 Lockport - - - 6 201 
 
 Salt Creek 5 41 
 
 Carrollton 6 207 
 
 N. Ind. R.K. intersects - 4 45 
 
 Delphi - - - - 5 212 
 
 New City West - - 3 48 
 Michigan City - - - 9 57 
 State Line 6 63 
 
 Americus 8 220 
 LA FAYETTE - - - 10 230 
 Lodi or Coal Creek - 51 281 
 
 New Buffalo - - 4 67 
 
 TERRE HAUTE - - 36 317 
 
 Detroit - - - - 218 275 
 
 Point Commerce - 42 359 
 
 Wabash and Erie Canal. 
 
 Newburg - - - - 17 376 
 Pigeon Dam - - 72 448 
 
 Ohio Division. 
 
 EVANSVILLE - - 19 467 
 
 Manhattan to TOLEDO 4 
 Port Miami ... 812 
 
 Whitewater Canal. 
 
 Maumee City - - - 1 13 
 Waterville 5 18 
 
 This Canal extends from Cambridge, on 
 the National Road, to the Ohio Kiver 
 
 Otsego - - - 7 25 
 
 LAWRENCES CBG to Hard- 
 
 Providence 5 30 
 
 ingsburg 
 
 Damascus - 6 36 
 
 Elizabethtown - 6 
 
 Napoleon 8 44 
 
 Harrison 8 14 
 
 Florida - - - - 8 52 
 
 New Trenton - - - 6 20 
 
 Independence 5 57 
 
 Brookville - - - 11 31 
 
 DEFIANCE - - 4 61 
 
 Laurel City - - - 14 45 
 
 Junction of Miami Exten- 
 
 Connersville - - - 11 56 
 
 sion Canal 9 70 
 
 CAMBRIDGE - - - 12 68 
 
 * Branch Railroad to Gochen, 10 miles.
 
 1 
 
 CATALOGUE 
 
 07 
 
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 MAP OF NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA, 
 
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 MAP OF NORTH AMERICA, 
 
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 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 3 
 
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 4 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC., 
 
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 To make the map more generally useful, the publisher has appended to 
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 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 5 
 
 MAP OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
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 CENTRAL AMERICA, WITH PARTS OF NEW 
 
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 public may rely on its completeness at the date of issue. 
 
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 6 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC. 
 1 
 
 MAP OF THE STATES OF NEW ENGLAND AND N, YORK, 
 
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 MAP OF THE COUNTRY 33 MILES AROUND 
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 MAP OF LONG ISLAND, 
 
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 PUBLISHED BY J. H. CO1TON. 7 
 
 MAP OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 
 
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 MAP OF THE STATE OF INDIANA, 
 
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 8 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC., 
 
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 And the adjacent countries. Compiled from the latest 
 authorities, and exhibiting the railroads and canals. 
 1 sheet. Size, 32 by 25 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $1 50.
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 9 
 
 STREAM OF TIME, 
 
 Or Chart of Universal History. From the original Ger. 
 man of Strauss. Revised and continued by R. 8* 
 Fisher, N. D. Size, 43 by 32 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $2 50* 
 
 An invaluable companion to every student of History. 
 
 THE FAMILY AND SCHOOL MONITOR, 
 
 An Educational Chart. By James Henry, Jr. 2 sheets. 
 Size, 43 by 32 inches. Price, mounted, $1 50. 
 
 In this chart, the fundamental maxims on Education physical, moral, 
 end intellectual are presented in such a manner as to fix the attention 
 and impress the memory. It cannot fail to be eminently useful ; in- 
 deed, we believe the public will regard it as indispensable to every 
 family and school in our country. 
 
 PORTRAITS OF THE PRESIDENTS, 
 
 And Declaration of Independence. 1 sheet. Size, 42 by 
 31 inches. Price, mounted, $1 50. 
 
 NEW MAP OF CENTRAL AMERICA, 
 
 From the most recent and authentic sources ; showing 
 the lines of communication between the Atlantic and 
 Pacific oceans. One sheet. Price, in cases, $0 50. 
 
 MOUNTAINS AND RIVERS, 
 
 A combined view of the principal mountains and rivers 
 in the world, with tables showing their relative heights 
 and lengths. 1 sheet. Size, 32 by 25 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $1 50. 
 
 A CHART OF NATIONAL FLAGS, 
 
 Each represented in its appropriate colors. 1 sheet* 
 Size, 2S by 22 inches. Price, mounted, $1 50.
 
 10 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC., 
 
 AN ILLUSTRATED MAP OF HUMAN LIFE, 
 
 Deduced frpm passages of Sacred Writ. 1 sheet. Size, 
 25 by 20 inches. Price, mounted, 75. 
 
 MAP OF PALESTINE, 
 
 From the latest authorities : chiefly from the maps and 
 drawings of Robinson & Smith, with corrections and 
 additions furnished by the Rev. Dr. E. Robinson, and 
 with plans of Jerusalem and of the jonrneyings of the 
 Israelites. 4 sheets. Size, 80 by 62 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $6 00. 
 
 This large and elegant map of the Holy Land is intended for the Sun- 
 day-school and Lecture-room. It is boldly executed, and lettered in 
 large type, which may be read at a great distance. Both the ancient 
 and modern names of places are given. 
 
 MAP OF PALESTINE, 
 
 From the latest authorities: chiefly from the maps and 
 drawings of Robinson & Smith, with corrections and 
 additions furnished by the Rev. Dr. E. Robinson. 2 
 sheets. Size, 43 by 32 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $2 50. 
 
 This map is elegantly engraved on steel, and is peculiarly adapted to 
 family use and the use of theological students. It contains every place 
 noted on the larger map, the only difference being in the scale on which 
 it is drawn. While the large map is well suited for a school or lecture- 
 room, this is more convenient for family use and private study. Plans 
 of Jerusalem and the vicinity of Jerusalem are attached. The religious 
 and secular press throughout the country has expressed a decided 
 preference for this map of Professor Robinson over all others that have 
 ever been issued. 
 
 MAP OF EGYPT, 
 
 The Peninsula of Mount Sinai, Arabia Petraea, with the 
 southern part of Palestine. Compiled from the latest 
 authorities. Showing the jonrneyings of the children 
 of Israel from Egypt to the Holy Land. 1 sheet. 
 Size, 32 by 25 inches. Price, mounted, $1 50. 
 
 An excellent aid to the Bible student.
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 11 
 
 NEW TESTAMENT MAP, 
 
 A map of the countries mentioned in the New Testament 
 and of the travels of the Apostles with ancient and mod- 
 ern names, from the most authentic sources. 1 sheet. 
 Size, 32 by 25 inches. Price, mounted, $1 25. 
 
 u Its size, finish, distinctness, fullness, and accuracy, make it very ele- 
 gant and useful. Sabbath-school teachers and private Christians, as 
 well as theological students, may esteem and use it with great advan- 
 tage. * * * I own and value." Samuel H. Cox, D. D. 
 
 w On a scale neither too large to be unwieldy, nor yet too small to be 
 accurate, it presents at a single view, with great distinctness, the scenes 
 of the striking events of the New Testament, and cannot fail to give to 
 those events a greater clearness, and by presenting so plainly their lo- 
 calities to throw over them new interest. * * * * * It seems to 
 have been drawn in accordance with the best authorities." 
 
 Erskine Mason, D. D. 
 
 " Valuable for accuracy, beauty, and cheapness. Having both the 
 ancient and modem names of places, and being of portable size, it 
 would appear happily adapted for the use of Sabbath-school teachers." 
 William R. Williams, D. D. 
 
 " I have been much pleased with the apparent accuracy, and the 
 beautiful execution of a map of the countries mentioned in the New 
 Testament, published by Mr. Colton, and think it adapted to be useful." 
 Stephen U. Tyng, D. D. 
 
 GUIDE-BOOK THROUGH THE UNITED STATES, &c, 
 
 Travelers' and Tourists' Guide-Book through the United 
 States of America and the Canadas. Containing the 
 routes and distances on all the great lines of travel by 
 railroads, canals, stage-roads, and steamboats, togeth- 
 er with descriptions of the several states, and the 
 principal cities, towns, and villages, in each accom- 
 panied with a large and accurate map. 
 
 Price, $1 25. 
 
 ROUTE-BOOK THROUGH THE UNITED STATES, &o, 
 
 Travelers' and Tourists' Route-Book through the United 
 States of America and the Canadas. Containing the 
 routes and distances on all the great lines of travel by 
 railroads, stage-roads, canals, rivers, and lakes, &c. 
 accompanied with a large and accurate map. 
 
 Price, $1 00.
 
 12 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC., 
 
 MAP OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 Tbc Canadas, fcc., showing the railroads, canals, and 
 stage-roads, with the distances from place to place. 
 Size, 28 by 32 inches. Price, in cases, 63. 
 
 MAP OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 The British Provinces, &c. Size, 24 by 20 inches. 
 
 Price, in cases, $0 38. 
 
 MAP OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 The British Provinces, Mexico, and Central America, 
 showing the rontes of the U. S. Mail Steam-ships to 
 California and Oregon, with a plan of the " Gold 
 Region," fcc. Size, 32 by 25 inches. 
 
 Price, in sheets, $0 25 ; in cases, $0 38. 
 
 GUIDE-BOOK 
 THROUGH THE NEW ENGLAND AND MIDDLE STATES. 
 
 Traveler's and Tourist's Guide-Book through the New 
 England and Middle States, and the Canadas. Con. 
 taining the rontes and distances on all the great lines 
 of travel by railroads, canals, stage-roads, and steam- 
 boats, together with descriptions of the several states, 
 and the principal cities, towns, and villages in each- 
 accompanied with a large and accurate map. 
 
 Price, 75. 
 
 MAP OF NEW YORK, 
 
 With parts of the adjoining States and Canada, show- 
 ing the railroads, canals, and stage-roads, with distan- 
 ces from place to place. Price, in cases, $0 38. 
 
 MAP OF THE NEW ENGLAND STATES, 
 
 Showing the railroads, canals, and stage-roads, with 
 distances from place to place. Price, in cases, 38*
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 13 
 
 THE WESTERN TOURIST, 
 
 And Emigrant's Guide through the stares of Ohio, Mich- 
 igan, IndiaHa, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, and Wiscon- 
 sin, and the territories of Minesota, Missouri, and 
 Nebraska, being an accurate and concise description 
 of each state and territory ; and containing the routes 
 and distances on the great lines of travel accompanied 
 with a large and minute map, exhibiting the township 
 lines of the United States' surreys, the boundaries of 
 counties, and the position of cities, villages, and set- 
 tlements, &c. Price, $0 75. 
 
 THE BOOK OF THE WORLD; 
 
 Being an account of all Republics, Empires, Kingdoms, 
 and Nations, in reference to their geography, statistics, 
 commerce, &c., together with a brief historical outline 
 of their rise, progress, and present condition, &c., &c. 
 By Richard 8. Fisher, M. D. In two volumes, pp. 632- 
 727. (Illustrated with maps and charts.) 
 
 Price, $5 00. 
 OPINIONS. 
 
 M I have looked over the work with a good deal of interest. It ap- 
 pears to me to be a very useful publication. It brings down the geo- 
 graphical and statistical information of the various countries of the 
 world to a much later period than any other work that has come under 
 my observation, and will not only be useful to the student, but to every 
 man desirous of obtaining the latest and most authentic information." 
 Millard Fillmore, Vice Pres. of U. S. 
 
 " The work appears to me a very excellent one, and a very valuable 
 contribution to American literature." Charles Anihon, LL. D. 
 
 " I have examined it sufficiently to perceive that it contains an im- 
 mense amount of interesting and useful information." 
 
 Robert C. Winthrop, M. C. 
 
 " It deserves a place in that indispensable department of every pri- 
 vate, and especially of every school library the department of books 
 of reference." Henry Barnard, Sup. Com. Schools in Conn. 
 
 " I have been fully satisfied with the fulness and extent of the infor- 
 mation its ample pages present in answer to every inquiry embracing 
 topography, physical geography, climate, products, mineral resources, 
 commerce, and history." 5. W. Seton, Jlgt. Pub. Sch. Soc. JV. Y. 
 
 " It appears to me to contain a more full and accurate exhibition of 
 the world, in its geographical, commercial, and statistical aspects, than 
 any work with which I am acquainted." 
 
 Rev. R. R. Qurley, Chaplain U. S. Small.
 
 14 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC., 
 
 44 As a book of reference it is of great value, and contains more in 
 the same space than any work of a similar character 1 have yet seen. 
 * * I have great pleasure in recommending this book to all 
 persons who desire to possess a work of reference touching the great 
 interests of all nations." 
 
 Mbott Lawrence, U. S. Minister to England. 
 
 "The work, as a whole, may be said to constitute a library within it 
 self. There is no point, scarcely, in art, science, literature, economy, 01 
 history, at all appropriate to the subjects treated upon, which, on refer- 
 ence to the work, will not be found fully elucidated ; and the aim of the 
 author seems to have been to condense into as small a space as possible 
 the entire circle of human knowledge." 
 
 Hunfs MercJiants 1 Magazine. 
 
 44 No work of a similar character, or on so magnificent a scale, baa 
 been issued from the American press since the volumes of the veteran 
 Morse. * * The author has omitted nothing that could at all 
 add to the perfection of his work." Democratic Review. 
 
 44 We feel assured that the learned compiler of these volumes has 
 spared no investigation and care to exhibit the world as it now is, and 
 we can very confidently recommend the result of his labors. Such a 
 work was especially needed." National Intelligencer. 
 
 44 It is written in a style at once easy, perspicuous, and energetic." 
 
 Independent, JV. T. 
 
 * We feel satisfied that the greatest labor and pains-taking must have 
 been expended, to have brought together such an amount of valuable 
 information." JV". Y. Journal of Commerce. 
 
 44 Editors and politicians, especially, have great use for such a work. 
 They have constant occasion to appeal to just such statistics as these 
 volumes embody, to illustrate and enforce their arguments or explode 
 the sophistries of dogmatists." National Era. 
 
 "The 'Book of the World,' embodying as it does a vast and varied 
 amount of information, drawn from all available authentic sources, pos- 
 sesses great intrinsic value, and must prove useful to all classes of Amer- 
 ican readers." Texas Wesleyan Banner. 
 
 A CHRONOLOGICAL VIEW OF THE WORLD, 
 
 Exhibiting the leading events of Universal History; the 
 origin and progress of the arts and sciences, dtc. ; 
 collected chiefly from the article " Chronology" in the 
 new Edinburgh Encyclopedia, edited by Sir David 
 Brewster, LL. D., F. R. S., &c. ; with an enlarged 
 view of important events, particularly In regard to 
 American History, and a continuation to the present 
 time, by Daniel Haskell, A. 31., American Editor of 
 DfcCnlloch's Universal Gazetteer, &c, 12mo. pp. 267. 
 
 ^rice, $0 75.
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLT ON. 15 
 
 COLTON'S OUTLINE MAPS, 
 
 ADAPTED TO THE USE OF 
 
 PRIMARY, GRAMMAR, AND HIGH SCHOOLS, 
 
 This new and valuable Series of Outline Maps comprises 
 A Map of the World, in two hemispheres, each 80 
 inches in diameter, and separately mounted. 
 
 A Map of the United States, 80 by 62 inches. 
 A Map of Europe, 80 by 62 inches, on the same plan 
 with that of the United States, will complete the series. 
 
 THE MAPS OF THE WORLD 
 
 Are nearly quadruple the size of any others now in use, and exhibit 
 the different portions of the Earth's surface in bold and vivid out- 
 line, which makes them sufficiently distinct to be plainly seen and 
 studied from the most distant parts of the largest school-room. They 
 exhibit the physical features of the World, and also give an accurate 
 view of its political divisions, showing the relative size of each, with 
 their natural and conventional boundaries. In the corners of each 
 map there are diagrams which exhibit the elements of physical geogra- 
 phy, as the parallels, meridians, zones, and climates the latter by 
 isothermal lines. There are also appended two separate hemispheres, 
 exhibiting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans complete, fee., forming in all 
 eight different diagrams, illustrative of the primary elements of the 
 science. These appendices will greatly assist the teacher in his eluci- 
 dations, and make tangible to the scholar the basis of geographical 
 mechanism. 
 
 THE MAP OF THE UNITED STATES . 
 
 Exhibits the entire territory of the Union from the Atlantic to the 
 Pacific Oceans, and also the greater portion of the British Possessions in 
 the North, and the whole of Mexico and Central America, with part ot 
 the West Indies, in the South. It has also appended to it a MAP OF 
 THE NEW-ENGLAND STATES, on a larger scale. The physical 
 and political geography of thjs interesting region is minutely detailed. 
 The localities of the cities, and important towns, ports, and harbors 
 are denoted by points, and the map generally has been constructed on 
 the most approved principles, under the supervision and advice of 
 several competent and experienced teachers. 
 
 The Price of these Maps is $5 each
 
 16 COLTON'S UNIFORM SERIES 
 
 OF 
 
 TOWNSHIP MAPS 
 
 OF THE SEVERAL 
 
 STATES OF THE UNION, 
 
 Compiled from the U. S. Surreys and other Sources. 
 
 These Maps are compiled from the original U. S. surveys, 
 and other authentic and reliable sources. The size of each 
 is 29X32 inches. They contain all the internal improve- 
 ments, as railroads, canals, and post-roads ; the location of 
 mines and mineral lands; the names of all cities, towns, 
 villages, post-offices, and settlements ; the county and town- 
 ship lines ; and all other information usually sought for on 
 maps each map forming in itself a complete reflex of the 
 condition of the State it represents. The following States 
 of the series have been completed : 
 
 MAINE, 
 
 N. HAMP. & VT. 
 MASS., R. L & CONN. 
 NEW YORK, 
 
 OHIO, 
 
 WISCONSIN, 
 IOWA, 
 MISSOURI, 
 
 VIRGINIA, MARYLAND, & DELAWARE. 
 
 Similar maps of the otffer States and Territories will be 
 issued at an early period ; and when the whole series is 
 finished, it is intended that it shall form a splendid 
 
 NATIONAL ATLAS OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 which, in point of scale, accuracy of information, embellish- 
 ment, and general finish, will be superior to any like pub- 
 lication that has ever issued from the press of either Europe 
 or America. 
 
 The price of each map, when handsomely mounted, 
 colored, and varnished, is $1 50 ; and when put up in 
 portable cases, $0 75.
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 17 
 
 MAP OF THE REPUBLIC OF MEXICO, 
 
 Compiled from official and other authentic sources : to 
 which is appended a corner map of the States of 
 Central America. 1 sheet. Size, 42 by 32 inches* 
 
 Price, mounted, $2 00 ; in cases, $1 50. 
 
 MAP OF THE COUNTRY 12 MILES AROUND 
 THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 
 
 With the names of property-holders, &c., from an en- 
 tirely new and accurate survey. By J. C. Sidney. 
 2 sheets. Size, 40 by 40 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted or in cases, $3 00. 
 
 WESTERN PORTRAITURE; 
 
 And Emigrants' Guide: a Description of Wisconsin, 
 Illinois, and Iowa, with Remarks on Minnesota and 
 other Territories. By Daniel S. Cnrtiss. In 1 vol. 
 12mo. pp. 360, (illustrated with a township map.) 
 
 Price, $1 00. 
 
 Actual observation and great experience are the bases of this work ; 
 and in language and incident it has much to interest. It treats of the 
 " Great West," its scenery, its wild sports, its institutions and its charac- 
 teristics, material and economic. In that portion devoted to statistical 
 illustration, the topography of sections and the adaptation of localities 
 to particular branches of industry occupy a large space : the geology, 
 soil, climate, powers and productions of each are considered, and their 
 allied interests, their respective values and destinies, and their present 
 conditions, are accurately described. 
 
 MAP OF NEW ENGLAND, 
 
 Or the Eastern States: together with portions of the 
 State of New York and of the British Provinces ad- 
 jacent thereto. 4 sheets. Size, 64 by 57 inches. (In 
 progress.) 
 
 MAP OF THE PROVINCES OF NEW BRUNSWICK, iMOVA 
 SCOTIA, AND PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND, 
 
 And parts of the country adjacent thereto. 1 sheet. 
 Size, 32 by 29 inches. (In progress.) 
 
 Price, mounted, $1 50; in cases, $0 75.
 
 18 MAPS, CHARTS, BOOKS, ETC. 
 
 STATISTICAL MAP OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, 
 
 Comprising all the principal statistics of each county 
 agricultural, manufacturing, commercial, Arc. By R. 
 S. Fisher, 31. D., author of the " Book of the World," 
 dec. 1 sheet. Size, 32 by 26 inches. Price, $0 25. 
 
 Useful to all classes of our citizens, and indispensable for the informa- 
 tion of parties engaged in the construction of railroads and other internal 
 improvements, speculators in land, and persons designing to settle in any 
 part of the State. All the material interests of the country are plainly 
 indicated in figures on the face of the map, or in the tables which ac- 
 company it. 
 
 HORN'S OVERLAND GUIDE 
 FROM COUNCIL BLUFFS TO CALIFORNIA, 
 
 Containing a Table of Distances, and showing all the 
 rivers, lakes, springs, mountains, camping places, and 
 other prominent objects ; frith remarks on the country, 
 roads, timbers, grasses, &c., &c. Accompanied by a 
 Map. Price, $0 50. 
 
 CORDOVA'S MAP OF TEXAS, 
 
 Compiled from new and original surreys. 4 sheets. 
 Size, 36 by 34 inches. 
 
 Price, mounted, $5 00 ; in cases, $3 00. 
 
 This is the only reliable map of Texas, and being on a large scale, 
 exhibits minutely and with distinctness the natural features of the State 
 and its several political divisions. The following government officers 
 certify to its accuracy and completeness. 
 
 " We have no hesitation in saying that no map could surpass this in 
 accuracy and fidelity." DAVID S. KAUFMAN, THOS. J. RUSK, 
 B. PILSBURY, SAM. HOUSTON. 
 
 u I certify to the correctness of this map, it being the only one extanl 
 that is truly correct" JOHN C. HAYS. 
 
 Besides his own publications, J. H. C. has constantly on hand 
 a large assortment of Atlases and Foreign Maps. 
 
 Mounting in all its forms carefully executed for the trade, 
 public institutions, d'c.
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below.
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
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