Cla00ic Interlinear Granglationg 
 
 THE WORKS 
 
 OF 
 
 P. VIRGILIUS MARO, 
 
 Including the ^Eneid, Bucolics and Georgics, with the 
 
 original text reduced to the natural 
 
 order of construction; 
 
 and an 
 
 INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION, 
 
 As nearly literal as the idiomatic difference of the 
 Latin and English languages will allow. 
 
 Adapted to the system of 
 
 CLASSICAL INSTRUCTION. 
 
 Combining the methods of 
 
 ASCHAM, MILTON, AND LOCKE. 
 
 By 
 LEVI HART AND V. R. OSBORN. 
 
 .... molle atque facetum 
 Virgilio annuerum gaudentes rure Camoenae. HORATIUS. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 DAVID McKAY COMPANY 
 
 WASHINGTON SQUARE.
 
 COPYRIGHT, 
 
 CHARLES DE SILVER & SONS. 
 1882. 
 
 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
 
 SRLF 
 URL 
 
 JT" 51.43505 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT, 
 
 IN offering to the public a new version of VIRGIL, the trans* 
 lators unhesitatingly acknowledge their desire to promote 
 the system of classical instruction formerly practised in the 
 principal schools of England. 
 
 The same causes which, in the opinion of the wisest men 
 of a former age, justified a departure from ancient modes 
 of teaching, exist at the present day. It is not necessary 
 to enumerate them ; they are known and felt by all con- 
 cerned in classical instruction, and acknowledged by many 
 There is, indeed, one very powerful reason in favour of 
 'reform, which did not exist in the time of Erasmus and 
 Cardinal Wolsey. Since their time, so many subjects of 
 study have been introduced into our schools and colleges 
 that the scholastic life of our youth is too brief to allow 
 them time to become acquainted with all the branches which 
 are required to constitute the education of a scholar, or to 
 prepare him for the learned professions and to leave him. 
 a sufficient space of time, required by the old systems, to 
 obtain any competent knowledge of the Greek- and Latin 
 languages. Thus situated, he must either forego all acquaint- 
 ance with these new and most important departments o< 
 knowledge, or he must lay aside all hope of obtaining what 
 is called a classical education, so far as a competent famili- 
 arity with the Greek and Latin languages is concerned. 
 He has not time for both. Two distinguishing features of 
 the system which now, by common consent, iii attributed to 
 Locke, zr&~-dictation, and literal interlinear translation. In 
 tracing their history, it is not necessary to go back to the 
 authorities of Cicero, the younger Pliny, and other distin- 
 guished ancients quoted or referred to by the advocates of 
 these improvements ; our object is to disclaim, in the first 
 place, all pretensions of our own to originality ; and, in
 
 the second, to render the honour which is due, to those 
 great reformers of learning, to whom we are indebted for 
 this most admirable- sysfem. 
 
 Cardinal Wolsey, Prime Minister to king Henry 8th, in 
 a letter addressed to the masters of Ipswich School, written 
 in the Latin language, dated Sept. 1st, 1528, enjoins them 
 to lead their pupils to a knowledge of the learned languages 
 by the easiest methods, chiefly by oral dictation, familiar 
 illustrations, &c. &c. 
 
 Erasmus, "the most learned man of the age in which he 
 lived," in his tract on " the education of youth," inculcates 
 the same general principles. He was a contemporary of 
 Wolsey, and contributed largely to the composition of Lilly's 
 Latin Grammar he laboured hard to strip learning of its 
 terrors denounced those teachers who beat learning into 
 their pupils, instead of ailing them to acquire it, as "illiter- 
 ate butchers, who ruin many a hopeful lad." "In fact, the 
 great object of Erasmus was, to combine pleasure with profit 
 in the education of boys, and, according to some anecdotes 
 given in his work, 'De Pueris Instituendis,' he goes so far 
 as to recommend that they should play* and learn at the 
 same time.f' 
 
 Roger Ascham, Latin Secretary to king Edward, queen 
 Mary, and queen Elizabeth, wrote the "Schoolmaster," a 
 work which is praised by Dr. Johnson, as containing more 
 knowledge than any other book on the subject of education. 
 In this work, Ascham proposes as " a plain and perfect way 
 of teaching the learned languages, the plan of " Double 
 Translation" a method which he learnt from his tutor, Sir 
 John Cheke, " the most eminent teacher of that age." Sir 
 John pursued this method of instruction in the education 
 of Edward the 6th, as Ascham did in that of Elizabeth. If 
 was also warmly patronized by lord Burleigh, who earnestly 
 recommends it, in a letter to his son at Cambridge. About 
 an hundred years after the publication of the "School 
 master," by Ascham, Milton wrote his celebrated letter to 
 Hartlib, in which he complains of the school system of his 
 time as being " tedious, vexatious, and unprofitable." We 
 do amiss," says Milton, "to spend seven or eight years 
 merely in scraping together as much miserable Latin and 
 Greek as might be learned easily and delightfully in one year. 
 
 *Ludtu play is the term used by the Romans for " School," and th 
 Greek r*M, whence our own word is translated, signifies ease or leisure* 
 \ An Essay on a system of classical instruction.
 
 And that which casts our proficiency therein so much be- 
 hind, is but time lost partly in too oft idle vacancies, given 
 both to schools and universities partly in a preposterous 
 exaction, given the empty wits of children to compose 
 themes, verses, and orations, which are the acts of ripest 
 judgement, and the final work of a head filled, by long 
 reading and observing, with elegant maxims and copious 
 invention. These are not matters to be wrung from poor 
 striplings, like blood out of the nose, or the plucking of un- 
 timely fruit." After noticing the absurdities into which 
 children are led by the former modes of teaching, he pro- 
 ceeds : "Whereas if, after some preparatory grounds of 
 speech by their certain forms got into memory, they were 
 led to the praxis thereof, in some chosen short book les- 
 soned thoroughly" (i.e. dictated) "to them, they might then 
 proceed to learn the substance of good things, and arts in 
 due order, which would bring the whole language quickly 
 into their power. This I take to be the most natural and 
 most profitable way of learning languages, and whereby we 
 may best hope to give account to God of youth spent herein." 
 Of grammar, Milton says: "First, they should begin with 
 the chief and necessary rules of some good grammar, either 
 that now used, or any better; and while this is doing, their 
 speech is to be fashioned, to a distinct and clear pronuncia- 
 tion, as near as may be to the Italian, especially in the 
 vowels. Next, to make them expert in the usefullest points 
 of gramm ar ; and withal to season them, some easy and de- 
 lightful book of education should be reed to them. 
 
 Milton thus required only "the chief and necessary rules 
 of grammar" to be taught, and "some easy and delightful 
 book" to be read, (i. e. dictated) to children, till they had 
 acquired a general knowledge of the words of the language. 
 They are not to be turned to a dictionary to make out the 
 sense of a passage, by ringing the changes upon two hun- 
 dred meanings of twenty different words ; but they are to 
 be told the express term for each word by the teacher him- 
 self; who is also to explain all difficulties of grammatical 
 construction, so that the teacher take all the trouble, and the 
 child have nothing but pleasure in his book." Next to 
 Milton, in the order of time, and perhaps the most zealous 
 promoter of the reform we advocate, is John Locke, author 
 of the " Essay on the Human Understanding." This great 
 philosopher takes the same general view of the subject 
 which Ascham and Milton had done before him. " When
 
 6 
 
 1 consider," says he, " what ado is made about a little Latin 
 and Greek, how many years are spent in it, and what a 
 noise and business it makes to no purpose, I can hardly for- 
 bear thinking, that the parents of children still live in fear 
 of. the schoolmaster's rod, which they look on as the only 
 instrument of education; as a language or two to be its 
 whole business. How else is it possible that a child should 
 be chained to the oar, seven, eight, or ten of the best years 
 of his life, to get a language or two, which, I think, might 
 be had at a great deal cheaper rate of pains and time, and 
 be learned almost in playing.* Locke's first project is : "To 
 trouble the child with no grammar at all, but to have Latin, 
 as English has been, without the perplexity of rules, talked 
 into him ; for if you will consider it, Latin is no more un- 
 known to a child, when he comes into the world, than Eng- 
 lish ; and yet he learns English without a master, rule, or 
 grammar ; and so might he Latin too, as Tully did, if he 
 had somebody always to talk to him in this language. And 
 when we so often see a French woman teach an English 
 girl to speak and read French perfectly in a year or two, 
 without any rule of grammar, or any thing else but prattling 
 to her, I cannot but wonder, how gentlemen have overseen 
 this way for their sons. If, therefore,- a man could be got, 
 who, himself speaking good Latin, would always be about 
 your son, talk constantly to him, and suffer him to speak 
 and read nothing else, this would be the true and genuine 
 way, and that which I would propose, not only as the easiest 
 and best, wherein a child might, without pains or chiding, 
 get a language, which others are wont to be whipt for at 
 school six or seven years together; but also as that, wherein 
 at the same time, he might have his- mind and manners 
 formed, and be instructed in all other parts of knowledge 
 of things, that fall under the- senses, and require little more 
 than memory. But if such a man cannot be got, who speaks 
 good Latin ; and, being able to instruct your son in those 
 parts of knowledge, will undertake by this method : the next 
 best thing, is to have him taught as near this way as may be, 
 which is by taking some easy and pleasant book, such as 
 flSsop's fables, and writing the English translation (made as 
 literal as can be) in one line, and the Latin words which answer 
 inch of them, just over it in another. These let him read 
 every day, over and over again, till he perfectly understands 
 
 * Essay on o System of Classical Instruction, p. 50, 51.
 
 the Latin ; and then go on to another fable, till he is also 
 perfect in that, not omitting what he is already perfect in, 
 but sometimes reviewing that to keep it in his memory. 
 
 Let it not be supposed from any thing in the foregoing 
 quotations from Milton and Locke, that these great masters 
 of language ever inculcated a disregard to the study of 
 grammar, or that they thought any language could ever be 
 acquired thoroughly without it. They both insist that it 
 shall be taught to children, as they can comprehend it. They 
 would not " charge the mind" of a young child " with the 
 multiplied rules and intricacies of grammar," but first teach 
 him to read and speak these languages correctly at the 
 same time teaching the rules of grammar just as fast, and 
 no faster, than he can understand their application. Locke 
 says : " The formation of the verb first, and afterwards the 
 declensions of the nouns and pronouns, perfectly learned by 
 heart, facilitate his acquaintance with the genius and manner 
 of the Latin tongue, which varies the signification of verbs 
 and nouns, not as the modern languages do, by particles 
 prefixed, but by changing the last syllable." "More than 
 this of grammar, I think he need not have, till he can read 
 himself, Sanctii Minerva," &c. As he advances in acquir- 
 ing a knowledge of words, he must advance, pari pasu, in 
 obtaining a thorough and critical knowledge of grammar. 
 " When by this way of interlining Latin and English one 
 with another, he has got a moderate knowledge of the Latin 
 tongue, he may then be advanced a little farther, to the 
 reading of some other easy Latin book, such as Justin, or 
 Eutropius; and to make the reading and understanding of it 
 the less tedious and difficult to him, let him help himself 
 with the English translation. Nor let the objection, that he 
 will then know it only by rote, flight any one. This, when 
 well considered, is not of any moment against, but plainly 
 for, this way of learning a language. For languages are 
 only to be learned by rote ; and a man who does not speak 
 English and Latin perfectly by rote, so that having thought 
 of the thing he would speak of, his tongue, of course with- 
 out thought of rule or grammar, falls into the proper expres- 
 sion and idiom of that language, does not speak it well, nor 
 is-master of it. And I would fain have any one name to 
 me that tongue, that any one can learn, or speak as he should 
 do, by the rules of grammar. Languages were made, not 
 by rules of art, but by accident, and the common use of the 
 people. And he that speaks them well, has no other rule
 
 8 
 
 but that; nor any thing to trust to but his memory, anil the 
 habit of speaking after the fashion learned from those, that 
 are allowed to speak properly, which, in other words, is only 
 to speak by rote." We could multiply our quotations to a 
 much greater extent, but our limits will not allow it. Those 
 of our readers who are desirous to extend their inquiries, 
 are referred to "A compendious way of teaching Ancient 
 and Modern Languages, by T. Phillips, Historiographer to 
 his Majesty London, 1750;" "American Journal of Edu- 
 cation, vols.. 1st and 2d;" and "An Essay on the System 
 of Classical Instruction, &c. London, printed for John 
 Taylor, 1829." In recommendation of the plan we have 
 adopted, we have brought together an array of the names of 
 men, who, in all the high qualities and qualifications requi- 
 site to constitute them competent and impartial judges of 
 the best mode of teaching languages, are not surpassed by 
 any who have ever lived. If they differ in some of the 
 minor details of their respective systems, let it be remem- 
 bered that they wrote in times considerably remote, and 
 that they perfectly agree in the more important 'points. 
 " Ascham wrote at a time when the Latin language was 
 not only the sole medium of communication between men 
 of literature and science, but almost a necessary introduction 
 to the common business of life ; and, on this account, it 
 was desirable that Latin composition should be more exten- 
 sively studied in early youth. At the time Locke wrote, 
 the use of the Latin language was far less general. Each 
 of these writers dwells upon that part of his subject which 
 was most worthy of consideration in his own age. Ascham 
 gives directions more particularly for the writing of Latin : 
 Locke, for the reading of Latin writers." Locke not only 
 advocated the plan of interlinear translation, but actually 
 translated ^Esop's fables in this manner. The following 
 title page is copied from the second edition of this work : 
 " jEsop's fables, in English and Latin Interlineary, for the 
 benefit of those who, not having a master, would learn 
 either of these tongues. The second edition, with Sculp- 
 turesby John Locke, Gent. 1723." About the year 1816, 
 Mr. Hamilton taught the French language on a plan resem- 
 bling tnat of Locke, to which he gave his own name. Before 
 this time, Messrs. Carre and Sanderson, two distinguished 
 classical teachers of Philadelphia, published interlined trans- 
 lations of a part of Historia Sacra, and a part of Telemachus. 
 The same year, the Rev. Mr Osborn published " A Key
 
 9 
 
 to the Latin and Greek Languages ; or, the Method of Die- 
 tation, systematically arranged containing an interlined 
 translation of the first three hooks of the JEneid, and par* 
 of the Gospel of St. John. 
 
 In the winter of 1833, Mr. Joseph N. Lewis, bookseller, 
 of Baltimore, applied to Mr. Osborn to revise the three 
 iooks of the ^Eneid he had already published, and to com- 
 plete a translation of the entire poem. Mr, Osborn, who is 
 at the head of a large seminary irvthis city, could not, from 
 want of time, accomplish the task himself, and engaged Mr. 
 John L. Gary to execute it for him. After having com- 
 pleted the fourth book, Mr. Gary was obliged, from infirm 
 health, to relinquish the undertaking when Mr. Osborn 
 applied to the writer of this prefatory note, to complete the 
 work his friend Gary had left unfinished. He undertook, 
 and has accomplished it, as well as he could, in the time 
 allowed to him. To this he has added the Bucolics and 
 Georgics. 
 
 It was our intention to have given a faithful account of 
 the labours of Hamilton, and to have exposed the injury he 
 had done to the cause of learning first, by his departure 
 from the system of Locke and again by claiming more for 
 his own system than any can ever possibly accomplish. But 
 at the moment we write his name, we hear, for the first 
 time, that he is dead! and we yield to the sentiment, 
 de mortuis nil nisi bonum. Not contented with the honour 
 of reviving the system of Locke and his great associates, 
 his unbounded ambition to give his own name to the im- 
 provements of o'thers, led him astray. Yet he was a man 
 of most ardent zeal, and untiring industry ; and although 
 he deviated so far from Locke, he accomplished more than 
 any man of the present age, to render the system of his 
 illustrious predecessor known and appreciated so that, 
 while we cannot cease to lament what we consider his 
 heresies, we shall ever consider him a benefactor to the human 
 race. In our translation, taking Locke for our model, we 
 have endeavoured to give the sense of Virgil simple and 
 unadorned. The words of the original have been rendered 
 into English corresponding in each part of speech, and con- 
 forming, as nearly as possible, to their various inflections 
 and combinations. From this course we have never devi- 
 ated, except when the idiomatic difference of the two lan- 
 guages has demanded it ; for, although the closest version 
 would seem the" most harmonious to the mere grammarian
 
 10 
 
 the outrage offered to the English idiom, by imposing there- 
 upon the shackles of a foreign dialect, might sometimes 
 grate harshly upon the ear of taste and feeling.* Respect- 
 ing the manner of instructing, every teacher will adopt the 
 plan which his own judgement indicates as best. Mr. Os- 
 born's plan, as explained in his "Key," is to translate short 
 sentences of the lesson one of the class repeating after 
 him then, another ; and as many as will be necessary to 
 give the whole class sufficient time to understand the sen- 
 tence perfectly well. In this manner, he continues till they 
 have completed the prescribed lesson he then instructs 
 them thoroughly in the declensions and conjugations, begin- 
 ning with the noun substantive of the first declension, and 
 continuing his explanation of a single word till the pupil 
 can decline any word belonging to this declension, at the 
 flame time shewing him where it is found, with the required 
 rule of concord or government. In this manner, his pupils 
 are carried thiough the declension of nouns, till they have 
 mastered them all. He then instructs them in the adjec- 
 tives, in the same manner then the pronouns, verbs, parti- 
 ciples after which, the indeclinable parts of speech, taking 
 especial care never to leave any one part of speech till its 
 forms are thoroughly understood. Having accomplished 
 this, he requires his pupils to commit their grammar to mem- 
 ory, which they can do with great ease and satisfaction to 
 themselves inasmuch as they perfectly understand what 
 they are about. The writer of this, who, during the last 
 twenty years, has taught many hundred ladies and gentle- 
 men on this plan, has adopted exactly the mode described 
 above, except that, for several years past, he has required 
 his pupils, in following his dictation, to speak all at once. 
 When a class is first formed, there will always occur, for a 
 short time, more or less discord ; but, when the members 
 are worthy and desirous to learn, they will become accus- 
 tomed, in two or three lessons, to speak together so that 
 he has often taught classes of thirty or forty members, who 
 all recited together, in as perfectly harmonious concord, as 
 he ever witnessed among a choir of singers, or a congrega- 
 tion reading prayers. This method is admirably adapted to 
 teach children to read well, provided the teacher is a good 
 reader ; for, as he reads, his pupils will read after him. In 
 this manner one teacher can instruct a very numerous class : 
 
 * Advertisement to Anacreon.
 
 li 
 
 as many, indeed, as can conveniently hear his voice pro- 
 vided they are well disposed. 
 
 In following out the plan above indicated, it will be found, 
 that the dictation of the teacher can never be rendered 
 equally beneficial to each of the members of a numerous 
 class. Among the best, some will be more attentive than 
 others, the members of the class will differ from each other 
 in various degrees of preparatory education, in capacity 
 memory, and quick apprehension so that any specified 
 number of repetitions " will either be insufficient for one 
 part of the class, or more than sufficient for another." There 
 will be a loss of learning, or a loss of time, when the dicta- 
 tion of the teacher alone is relied on. Whereas, when every 
 member of the class can resort to our interpretation, each 
 can bestow just so much time as is necessary for a perfect 
 understanding of the lesson. Besides, the book is always 
 in good humour with its reader, and is never tired of an- 
 swering inquiries, or correcting errors : so that it is accom- 
 modated to the tempers, as well as to the capacities of all ; 
 neither disgusting the quick scholar, by tedious repetition, 
 nor discouraging the more backward, by impatient remon- 
 strance. Not that it tends to induce negligence on the part 
 of the .learner : on the contrary, the greater the facility of 
 learning correctly, the greater should be the accuracy re- 
 quired by the teacher at the time of examination. Neither 
 does it preclude any exertion on the part of the teacher 
 himself, which he may be desirous to bestow from his own 
 resources.*" A competent teacher will always find suffi- 
 cient occasion for his observations, according to the different 
 capacities and dispositions of boys, which will come, with 
 far more effect, when the lesson is in some degree familiar 
 to all ; and he will gain a vast deal of time for the commu- 
 nication of useful knowledge, by being thus relieved from 
 the mechanical drudgery of working upon each boy's mem- 
 ory. We could readily have adduced the authority of 
 many distinguished names, English, French, German, and 
 from among the best scholars of our country, in support of 
 this system of instruction but the subject does not require 
 it. We have brought forward the testimony of Milton and 
 Locke we can go no higher. He who, on a subject like 
 this, will not yield his doubts to their opinions, would dis- 
 credit." Moses and the Prophets." The most distinguished 
 
 * Essay on a Svstem of Classical Instruction.
 
 12 
 
 of the foreign journals, the Edinburgh and Quarterly Re. 
 views, with many others, only second to them in authority, 
 nave powerfully advocated this system. "The American 
 Journal of Education," the best periodical our country has 
 ever produced, exclusively devoted to this subject, as long 
 ago as December, 1826, describes this " method' 7 as " pleas 
 ant and expeditious, as well as thorough. There is no delay 
 for idle formalities ; the learner is led at once to his object, 
 in his very first efforts, he is conscious of the efforts he is 
 making, and he goes on with a cheerful impulse, which ac- 
 celerates his advances. He thus redeems a large portion of 
 his time for other branches of study, and for useful accom- 
 plishments." In this age and country, we are not called 
 upon to prove the value of education, or the importance of 
 extending it to females. In many respects, it is quite as im- 
 portant that they should be well grounded in a competent 
 knowledge of the learned languages, as the other sex. They 
 will give the first impulse in all which is good and useful to 
 the next generation they may reform the present. Our 
 country has already produced women, who, in classical ac' 
 quirement, have equalled any who have lived in any other. 
 Although, most fortunately for us, we have never had a 
 " queen Elizabeth, 1 ' or can we boast of " the venerable Eliza- 
 beth Carter," or "the beautiful Elizabeth Smith," so justly 
 celebrated by their illustrious countrywoman, Hannah More, 
 yet our own Hannah Adams and Martha Ramsay were, at 
 least in classical learning, equal to the English Queen, or 
 her great relative, lady Jane Grey (so infinitely her superior 
 in moral qualities) while in all the virtues which adorn the 
 sex, they held equal rank with the other British ladies whose 
 names we have recited. After many years experience in 
 teaching languages to females, the writer of this can bear 
 faithful (as he does most grateful) testimony to their capacity, 
 docility, and industry. He has never known their pro- 
 ficiency equalled by the other sex : and, were he allowed 
 to adorn this page with the names of his female pupils who 
 have distinguished themselves as Latin scholars, with a 
 simple statement of the amount of their acquirements, and 
 the time they devoted to this study, he would thereby fur- 
 nish an argument in favour of the system he advocates, 
 quite as convincing as any he has used. The miserable 
 prejudice which has withheld this better part of our race 
 from an equal participation in these most delightful studies, 
 is fast passing away. "The days aie past, when the know-
 
 13 
 
 ledge of tent-stitch, and the composition of a pudding, or 
 cordial, was esteemed the chief glory of half the creation. 
 The females of the present generation may boast, in the 
 language of judicial astrology, a most auspicious nativity. 
 Science allures them to her temple, and virtue commands 
 them to dedicate to her altar, that influence which they de- 
 rive from the courtesy of refined society. The genius of 
 their country, as well as the spirit of the age, supplies another 
 stimulant, prompting them to become worthy of a name among 
 the dignified and enlightened daughters of the greatest republic 
 on earth.* L. HART. 
 
 Baltimore, March IQth, 1833. 
 ' Journal of Education.
 
 THE ^NEID OF VIRGIL, 
 
 WITH AN 
 
 INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION; 
 
 AS NEARLY LITERAL AS THE IDIOMATIC DIFFER- 
 ENCE OF THE LATIN AND ENGLISH LAN- 
 GUAGES WILL ALLOW. 
 
 BY LEVI HART & V. R. OSBORN. 
 
 Conditor , Iliados cantabitur, atque Maronis 
 Altisoni dubiam facientia carmina palmam. 
 
 JOVENALIS, SAT. 11.
 
 THE 
 
 or 
 
 P. VIRGILIUS MARO. 
 
 BOOK FIRST. 
 
 CANO, arma que virum qui, p/ofugus fato, primus venit 
 
 I sing, arms and the hero who, driven by fate, first has come 
 
 ab oris Trqjse Italiam que Lavina littora: multum 
 
 from the coasts of Troy to Italy and the Lavinian shores: much 
 
 tile jactatus et terris et alto vi superum 
 
 he has been tossed both on land and on the sea by the power of the gods above, 
 
 ob memorem iram saevae Junonis: et 
 
 on account of the lasting wrath of cruel Juno: and 
 
 passus quoque multa bello, dum conderet 
 
 ke has suffered also many things in war, until he might build 
 
 urbem que inferret deos Latio: unde Latinum 
 
 a city and might bring in his gods to Latium; from whence is the Latin 
 
 genus que Albani patres atque moenia altae Romae. 
 
 race and the Alban fathers and the walls of lofty Rome. 
 
 Musa memora mihi causas: quo numine laeso ve quid 
 
 O Muse relate to me the causes; what deity being offended or why 
 
 Regina Deum dolens impulerit virum insignem 
 
 the queen of the gods grieving may have compelled a man eminent 
 
 pietate volvere tot casus, adire tot labores. 
 
 for piety to endure so many calamities, to undergo so many hardships. 
 
 Tantsene ires ccelestibus animis? 
 
 Jire BO great. resentments in heavenly minds? 
 
 Antiqua urbs fuit Tyrii coloni tenuere 
 
 An ancient city has been which Tyrian husbandmen have inhabited 
 
 Carthago contra Italiam que ostia Tiberina 
 
 Carthage by name, over against Italy and the entrances of the Tiber 
 
 longe; dives opum que asperrima studiis belli: 
 
 but far off; abounding in wealth and most hard in the exercises of war 
 
 quam unam Juno fertur coluisse magis omnibus 
 
 which one city Juno is said to have revered more than all 
 
 terris Samo posthabita. Hie illius arma hie 
 
 lands Samos being less esteemed. Here have been her arms here 
 
 fuit currus: Dea jam turn que tendit que fovet 
 
 has been her chariot: the goddess now and then both designs and cherishes 
 
 hoc esse regnum gentibus si qua 
 
 CJU kopt that this is to be a metropolis for the nations if in any
 
 10 19 
 
 fata sinant. Sed enim audierat progeniera 
 
 tMy the fate* may permit. But truly the bad beard that a race 
 
 duci a Trajano sanguine qua olim verteret 
 
 wat descended from Trujao blood which hereafter might overturn 
 
 Tyrias arces: hinc populum late regem que superbum 
 
 the Tyrian tower*: that hence a people extensively a ruler and proud 
 
 bello venturum excidio Libyae: sic Parcas 
 
 in war is about to come for the destruction of Libya: thus that the destinies 
 
 volvere. 4 Saturnia metuens id que mcmor 
 
 lad ordained. (The daughterof Saturn fearing that and mindful 
 
 veteris belli quod prima gesserat ad Trojam pro 
 
 yf the ancient war which first she had carried on before Troy for 
 
 caris Argis; necdum etiam causa irarum que eaevi 
 
 her beloved Argos; nor as yet also the causes of her wrath and her great 
 
 dolores exciderant animo; judicium Paridis manet 
 
 resentments bad escaped from her mind; the judgment of Paris remain* 
 
 repostum altamenteque injuria spretze formae et 
 
 laid up in her lofty mind and the injury of her despised form; and the 
 
 invisum genus et honores rapti Ganymedis: accensa 
 
 hated race and the honors of the ravished Ganymede: incensed 
 
 super his arcebat longe Latio Troas jactatos 
 
 about these things she repelled far from Latium the Trojans lossscd 
 
 toto aequore, reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achillei; que 
 
 on all the ceo, the remains of the Greeks and of cruel Achilles and 
 
 errabant per multos annos acti fatis circum omnia 
 
 they wandered during many years driven by the fates about all 
 
 maria: condere Romanam gentem erat tantae molis 
 
 seas: to found the Roman nation was a teork of so great magnitude- 
 
 Vuc laeti dabant vela e conspectu Siculae 
 
 Scarcely the Trojans joyful gave their sails from sight of the Sicilian 
 
 telluris in altum et ruebant spumas salis aere; 
 
 land upon the sea and ploughed the foam of the sea with their brass beakt; 
 
 cum Juno servans acternura vulnus sub pectore haec 
 
 wben Juno keening an everlasting wound in her breast retained these 
 
 secum: I mene victam desistere incepto 
 
 things with herself: does it become me, conquered, to desist from my under- 
 
 nec posse avertere regem Teucrorum Italia, 
 
 taking, nor to be able to drive away the king of the Trojans from Italy, 
 
 quippe vetor fatis! Pallasne potuit exurere classera 
 
 because I am forbidden by the fates! Has Pallas been able to burn the fleet 
 
 ArgivQm atque submergere ipsos ponto ob noxam unius, 
 
 of the Greeks, and to drown them in the sea for the fault ofone. 
 
 et furias Ajacis Oilci? Ipsa jaculata e nubibus 
 
 even the frenzy of Ajaz the son of Oileus? She having darted from the clouds, 
 
 rapidum ignem Jovis, que disjecit rates, que evertit 
 
 the rapid lightning of Jupiter, both has scattered their ships, and has up- 
 
 rcquora ventis: turbine corripuit ilium expiran- 
 
 tumed the seas with the winds: in a whirlwind she has seized him breathing
 
 11 45 
 
 tern Mammas transfixo pectore, que infixit acuto 
 
 forth tiames ironi his transfixed breast, and lias thrust him upon a sharp 
 
 scopulo. Ast ego, quae incedo, regina divum, que et 
 
 ruck. But I. who walk, the queen of the gods, and both 
 
 soror et conjux Jovis, gero beila tot annos cum una 
 
 the siscer and nife of Jove, carry on wars so many years with one 
 
 gente. Et quisquam praterea adoret numen Junonis aut 
 
 nation. And can any one hereafter adore the deity of Juno or 
 
 supplex imponat aris honorem? 
 
 suppliant put on her altars a sacrifice.' 
 
 Dea volutans talia secum flammato corde venit 
 
 The goddess revolving such tiling's with herself in her inflamed mind comes 
 
 in iEoliam patriam nimborum, loca tteta furentibus 
 
 into /Eolia the native country of storms, places pregnant with boisterous 
 
 Austris. I Hie rex ^Eolus vasto antro prcmit imperio ac 
 
 winds * Here king ./Eolus in a vast cave controls by authority and 
 
 fraenat vinclis et carcere luctantes ventos que sonoras 
 
 restrains with chains and a prison the struggling winds and the roaring 
 
 tempestates. Illi indignantes fremunt circum claustra cum 
 
 tempests. They indignant roar around 'the barriers with 
 
 magno murmure mentis. ^Eolus sedet celsa arce 
 
 *. ereat murmur of the mountain. yEolus sits on a lofty eminence 
 
 tenens sceptra; que mollit animos et temperat iras. 
 
 holding a sceptre; and calms their passions and moderates their wrath. 
 
 Quippe ni facial rapidi ferant secum 
 
 For unless he may do thus they swift may bear away " with themse'.ves 
 
 maria ac terras que profundum ccelum que verrant per 
 
 the sea? and the lands and the high heaven and sweep ttiem through 
 
 auras. Sed omnipotens pater metuens hoc abdidit 
 
 (he air But the omnipotent father fearing this has confined them 
 
 atris speluncis; que insuper imposuit molem et altos 
 
 in dark c<ives; and moreover hath put over them a huge nviss and lofty 
 
 monies; que dedit regem qui jussus sciret et 
 
 mountains; and hath appointed a king who ordered might know how both 
 
 premere certo fcedere et dare laxas habenas: Ad quem 
 
 to restrain them by a sure rule and to give loose reins: To whom 
 
 Juno supplex turn usa est his vocibus: JEole (namque 
 
 Juno suppliant then has used these words: O /Eolus (for the 
 
 pater Divum atque rex hominum dedit tibi et mulcere 
 
 father of the gods and the king of men has eiven to thee both to calm 
 
 fluctus, et tollere vento:) Gens tnimica mihi 
 
 th<- waves, and to raise then hy the wind;) A nation hostile to me 
 
 navijjat Tyrrhenum asquor, portans Illium que victos 
 
 sails upon the Tuscan sea. carrying lllium and its conquered 
 
 penates in Italiam. Incute ventis vim, que obrue 
 
 household gods into Italy. Strike into the winds force, and overwhelm 
 
 puppes submersas aut age diver^as, et disjice corpora 
 
 'ktir ships bilged or drive them apait, and scatter their bodiei in
 
 .12 71 
 
 ponto. Sunt mihi bis septem nymphae pncstanti corpore; 
 
 the sea. There are to me twice seven nymphs of excellent body 
 
 quarum Deiopiam quae pulcherrima forma jungam 
 
 of whom Deiopeia who is the most beautiful in form I will join tothtt 
 
 stabili connubio, que dicabo propriam: ut exigat 
 
 In firm wedlock, and will appoint to be your own. that she may spend 
 
 omnes annos tecum pro talibus meritis, et facial te 
 
 all her years with ihee for such favours, and may make thce 
 
 parentem pulchra prole. ./Eolus contra haec: 
 
 the father of a beautiful offspring. Aeolus on the other hand answers these 
 
 Regina, tuus labor explorare qui.l optes: est 
 
 things. O queen. thy labour t* to examine what you may desire: it if 
 
 fas mihi capessere jussa. Tu concilias mihi hoc 
 
 right for me to execute your commands. Thou gainest for me this 
 
 regni quodcunque, tu sceptra que 
 
 kingdom whatever there vs.lhou gaintst for me, my sceptre and 
 
 Jovem: tu das accumbere epulis Divum, que facis 
 
 Jove* thou givest to me to recline at banquets of the gods, and makest m 
 
 potentem nimborura que tempestatum. Ubi hsec 
 
 powerful over storms and tempests. When these things kavt 
 
 dicta impulit cavum montem in latus conversa 
 
 teen said he has struck the hollow mountain against the side with his turned 
 
 cuspide ac venti veluti facto agmine ruunf qua 
 
 spear and the winds as in a formed band burst forth where 
 
 porta data, et perflant terras turbine Incu- 
 
 an entrance has been given, and blow over the lands in a whirlwind. They have 
 
 ouere mari que una que Eurus que Notus 
 
 hovered over the sea also at the same time both the east and the south winu 
 
 que Africus creber procellis, ruunt totum a 
 
 and the south-west wind thick with tempests, agitate the whole sea from iti 
 
 imis sedibus; et volvunt vastos fluctus ad littora. Que 
 
 lowest foundations; and roll vast waves to the shores. Both 
 
 clamor virum que stridor rudentum insequitur. Subitb 
 
 a cry of the men and a cracking of the cables succeeds. Suddenly 
 
 nubes eripiunt que coelum que diem ex oculis Teucro- 
 
 the clouds snatch both the heaven and the day from the eyes of the Tro- 
 
 rum: atra nox incubat ponto. Poli intonuere, et aethei 
 
 Jans: dark njght sits upon the sea. The Poles have thundered, and the sky 
 
 micat crebris ignibus: que omnia intentant praesentem 
 
 glitters with frequent lightnings: and all tilings threaten present 
 
 mortem viris. Extemplo membra ^Eneae solvuntur fri- 
 
 death to the men. Immediately the limbs of ./Eneas are relaxed with 
 
 fore. Ingemit et tendens duplices palmas ad sidera, refert 
 ar. He groans and stretching both bands to the stars, relates 
 
 talia voce: O que ter que quater beati, queis 
 
 such things with his voice: O both thrice and four times happy they, to whom it 
 
 contigit oppetere ante ora patrum, sub altis 
 
 liath happened to die before the faces of their fathers, under the lofty
 
 13 95 
 
 mcenibusTrojac. Tydide fortissime gentis Danaum, 
 
 walls of Troy! O Tydeus' son the most brave of the nation of the Greeks, 
 
 mene nonpotuisse occumbere Illiacis campis que 
 
 why is it thai I have not been able to fall on tin; Trojan plains and 
 
 efl'undere hanc animam tua dextra? ubi saevus Hector 
 
 to pour forth this soul by thy riulit hand? where stern Hector 
 
 jacet telo jEacidae, ubi ingens Sarpedon: ubi 
 
 lies slain by the weapon of Achilles, where the great Sarpedon lies: where 
 
 Simois volvit sub undis correpta scuta virOm que galea* 
 
 Simois rolls under its waves, seized shields of men and helnieU 
 
 et fortia corpora. Procella stridens Aquilone adversa 
 
 and brave bodies. A tempest roaring from the north opposite to kirn 
 
 jactanti talia ferit velum, que tollit fluctus ad sidera 
 
 throwing out such things strikes the sail, and raises the billows to the stare 
 
 Remi franguntur; turn prora avertit et dat latus 
 
 The oars are broken; then the prow inclines and gives tbe side to the 
 
 undis; praeruptus mons aquae insequitur cumulo. H". 
 
 waves; a broken mountain of water succeeds in a heap. These 
 
 pendent in summo fluctu; unda dehiscens aperit lerram 
 
 bang on the highest wave: the water opening discloses the earth 
 
 his inter fluctus, aestus furit arenis. Notus torquet 
 
 to those between the waves, the tide mixes with the sand. The south wind hurls 
 
 tres abreptas in latentia saxa; quie saxa in mediis flucti- 
 
 three others draped away upon hidden rocks; which rocks in the midst of the 
 
 bus, Itali vocant Aras, immane dorsum summo 
 
 waves, the Italians call the Altars, a huge ridge on the highest part of 
 
 mari. Eurus urget tres ab alto in brevia et syrtes, 
 
 the sea. The east wind drives three from the deep on the fluts and quick-sands, 
 
 miserabile visu; que illidit vadis atque cingit 
 
 lamentable to be seen; and dashes them on the shelves and surrounds them 
 
 aggere arenae. Ingens pontus ante oculos ipsius ferit a 
 
 with a heap of eand. A great sea before the eyes of him strikes from 
 
 vertice in puppim unam quae vehebat Lycios que fiduro 
 
 the top against a ship one which conveyed the Lycians and the faithful 
 
 Orontem; magister excutitur que pronus volvitur in caput: 
 
 Orontes; the pilot is shaken off and downward is tumbled upon his head: 
 
 ast fluctus agens illam ter circum ibidem, torquet, et 
 
 but a wave driving that thrice around in the same place, whirls it. aad 
 
 rapidus vortex vorat aequore. Apparent rari nantes in 
 
 aiapid eddy swallows it in the sea. They appear few swimming in tbe 
 
 vasto gurgite; arrna virum que tabulae et Troi'a gaza 
 
 vast aeep; the arms of men and planks and Trojan treasure appear 
 
 per undas. Jam hiems vicit validam navem Ilionei 
 
 in the waters. Now n storm has overcome the strong ship of Ilioneus 
 
 jam fortis Achatae, et qua" Abas vectus 
 
 now thtskip of brave Achates, and the skip in which Abas has been carried 
 
 et qua" grandaevus Alethes: omnes accipiunt 
 
 and tkt one in which the old Alethes As* bun carried, all receive
 
 14 123 
 
 immicum imbrem compagibus laterum laxis, que fa- 
 
 iln- hostile flood the closure* of the aides being loose, and 
 
 tiscunt rimis. 
 
 gape with flunk -. 
 
 Interea, Neptunus sensit pontum misceri magno 
 
 In the mean time, Neptune bag perceived the sea to be disturbed with a great 
 
 murmure, que hyemem emissam, et slagna rcfusa 
 
 noise and a storm tobe sent forth, and the dcepa poured out from 
 
 imis vadis: graviter commotus, et prospiciens alto, 
 
 tbeir low/est bottom: greatly irritated, and taking care for the sea, he 
 
 extulit placidum caput summa unda. Videt classem 
 
 has raised kia calm head from the highest water. He sees the fleet of 
 
 ^Eneae disjectam toto sequore, Troas oppresses iluctibus 
 
 4ineas scattered on all the sea, the Trojans overwhelmed by the waves 
 
 que ruinS. coeli. Nee doli et inc Junonis latuere 
 
 and the ruin of heaven. Nor the wiled and wrath of Juno have been concealed 
 
 fratrem: vocat ad se Eurum que Zephyrum; 
 
 from her brother be calls to himself the East wind and the West wind, 
 
 de hinc fatur talia; tantane fiducia vestris generis 
 
 then he speaks such things; has so great presumption of your race 
 
 tenuit vos? Jam audetis, venti, miscere ccelum que terram 
 
 possessessed you? Now dare yon, O winds, to disorder heaven and the earth 
 
 sine meo numine, et tollere tantas moles? quos ego: 
 
 without my authority, and to raise so great heaps of waves? whom 1 
 
 Sed pnestat componere motos fluc.tus. Post 
 
 will punish: But it is better to compose the. agitated billows. Afterwards 
 
 luetis mihi commissa poenS. non simili. Maturate 
 
 ye shall expiate to me your offences by a punishment not similar. Hasten 
 
 fugam, que dicite haec vestro regi: imperium pelagi 
 
 your flight, and declare these things to your king: that the empire of the sea 
 
 que saevum tridentem non datum ilii sorte sed mihi: ille 
 
 and the mighty trident has not been given to him bylot but to me: h 
 
 tenet immania saxa, vestras domos, Eurer jEolus jactet 
 
 possesses huge rocks, your mansions, O Kurus: ./Eolus may boast 
 
 se in illS. aula, et regnet clauso carcere ventorum. Sic 
 
 himself in that palace, and reign in the inclosed prison of the winds. Thus. 
 
 ait, et citius dicto placat tumida aequora, que fugat 
 
 he says, and quicker than the word be calms the swollen seas, and disperses 
 
 collectas hubes, que reducit solem. Simul Cymothoe 
 
 the collected clouds, and brings back the sun. At the same time Cymothoe 
 
 et Triton adnixus detrudunt naves acuto scopulo: ipse 
 
 and Triton pushing shove the ships from the pointed rock: h 
 
 levat tridenti, et aperit vastas syrtes, et temperat 
 
 assists them with Ais trident, and opens tbe vast quicksands, and calms 
 
 sequor, atque levibus rotis perlabitur summas 
 
 tbe sea and with the light wheels of Ai* chariot glides over thfe highest 
 
 undas. Ac veluti cum saepe seditio coorta est in magno 
 
 waves. And as when often a sedition has arisen among a (real
 
 15 . 149 
 
 populo, que ignobilevulgussaevit animis: jamque faces 
 
 .multitude, and the ignoble vulgar rages in their minds:- and now firebrands 
 
 et saxa volant; furor ministrat arma: si turn forte conspex- 
 
 and stones . fly; rage affords arms: if then by chance they have 
 
 ere quem virum gravem pieiate ac meritis, silent que 
 
 seen any man venerable for Ms piety and merits, they are still and 
 
 adstant arrectis auribus: ille regit animos dictis, et 
 
 stand with attentive ears: he rules their passions by his words, and 
 
 mulcet pectora. Sic cunctus fragor pelagi cecidit, post- 
 
 calms their breasts. Thus all the noise of the sea has ended, after- 
 
 quam, genitor prospiciens sequora, que invectus aperto cselo 
 
 wards the father surveying the seas, and borne in the open sky, 
 
 flectit equos, que volans secundo curru dat lora. Defessi 
 
 turns his horses, and flying in his favourable chariot, gives the reins. The weary 
 
 ^Eneadas contendunt petere cursu, littora quae 
 
 Trojans strive to gain in their course the shores which art 
 
 proxima, et vertuntur ad oras Libyje. Est locus in 
 
 the nearest, and are turned to the 'coasts of Libya. There is a place in 
 
 longo secessu: insula efficit portum, objectu late rum, 
 
 & long recess: an island forms a harbour, by the interposition of its sides, 
 
 quibus omnis unda ab alto frangitur, que scindit sese iu 
 
 by which every wave from the sea is broken, and divides itself into 
 
 reductas sinus. Hinc atque hinc, vast rupes que gemini 
 
 retired bays. On this part aud that, . vast cliffs and two 
 
 scopuli minantur in ccelum, sub quorum ver- 
 
 rocks are raised up in a threatening manner to heaven, under whose sum- 
 
 tice sequora tuta late silent: turn scena corusci's sylvis, 
 
 mil* the seas secure all about are still: then a bower with waving woods 
 
 que atrum nemus Jiorrenti umbrd imminet desuper. Sub 
 
 and a dark grove with dismal shade hangs over from above. Under 
 
 adversa" fronte antrum pendentibus scopulis: intus 
 
 the opposite front is a cave among the hanging rocks: within 
 
 dulces aqua}, que sedilia vivo saxo, domus nympharum: 
 
 are fresh waters, and seats of living stone, the habitation of the nymphs; 
 
 hie non ulla vincula tenent fessas naves; non anchora alligat 
 
 here not any cables hold the weary ships; not any anchor moors 
 
 unco morsu. ^Eneas subit hue septem navibus 
 
 tJiem by its crooked flock. jEneas enters hither with seven ships 
 
 collectis ex omni numero: ac Troe's, egressi magno 
 
 collected out of the whole number: and the Trojans, debarking with a great 
 
 amore telluris, potiuntur optatd arena 1 , et ponunt in littore 
 
 love of the land, . enjoy the desired earth, and lay on the shore 
 
 artus tabentes sale. Ac primum Achates excudit 
 
 their limbs drenched with brine. And first, Achates has struck 
 
 scintillam silici, que, suscepit ignem foliis, atque de- 
 out a spark of fire from a flint, and received the fire in leaves, and has ap- 
 
 dit arida nutrimenta, circum, que rapuit flammam in 
 
 plied dry fuel around it, and has taken the flame ainonf
 
 16 177 
 
 fomite. Turn fessi rerum expediunt cererem corruptam 
 
 the wood. Then weary of affairs they fetch out their grain damaged by 
 
 undis, que Cereslia arma; que parant et torrere 
 
 the waters, and the Cercalian instruments; and prepare both to dry on the 
 
 flammis, et frangere saxo fruges, receptas 
 
 flames. and to bruise with a stone their corn, received from the wreck. 
 
 IntereS ^Eneasconsceriditscopulum, et petit omnem 
 
 In the mean time /Eneas climbs a rock, and takes the whole 
 
 prospectum late pelago, si qua videat Anthea jac- 
 
 (iruhpect all around upon the sea, if in any way he may see Antheus 103$. 
 
 tatum vento, que Phrygias biremes, aut Capyn, aut anna 
 
 ed by the wind, and the Phrygian gallica, or Capys, or the aunt 
 
 Caici in celsis puppibus. Prospicit nullam navem in con- 
 
 of Caicus un the lofty decks. He sees no ship in 
 
 spectu; tres cervos errantes littore: tota armenta 
 
 sight; but he sees three stags wandering on the shore: the whole herd 
 
 sequuntur hos a tergo; et longum agmen pascitur per 
 
 follow these behind; and the long flock, feeds through the 
 
 valles. Constitit hie, que corripuit manu arcum que 
 
 vallies. He has stood here, and seized in his hand his bow and 
 
 celeres sagittas, quae tela fidus Achates gerebat; que 
 
 swift arrows, which weapons the faithful Achates carried; and 
 
 primum sternit ductores ipsos ferentes capita alta 
 
 first he strikes down the leaders themselves bearing their heads lofty with 
 
 arboreis cornibus; et turn agens vulgus telis inter 
 
 branching horns; and then driving the herd with his weapons among 
 
 frondea nemora, miscet omnem tutbam. Nee absistit prius 
 
 the leafiy groves, disorders the whole multitude. Nor does he desist before 
 
 quam victor fundat humi septem ingenlia 
 
 that as a conqueror he may prostrate on the ground seven huge bo- 
 
 corpora, et sequel numerum cum navjbus. HLnc petit 
 
 dies, 'and equal their number with A's ships. Hence be seeks th 
 
 portum, et partitur in omnes socios. Deinde heros 
 
 port, and divides them among all his companions Then the hero 
 
 dividit vina quae bonus Acestea oner&rat cadis Trinacrio 
 
 distributes the wine which good Acestes had loaded in casks on the Sicilian 
 
 littore, que dederat abeuntibus, et mulcet mcerentia pectora 
 
 shore and had given to them departing, and soothes their sad minds 
 
 dictis: O socii (enim sumus neque ignari malo- 
 
 With these words: O companion*, (for we are nut ignorant of in is fur- 
 
 rum ante) O passi graviora! Deus dabi' 
 
 tunes before note) O you having suffered more grievous things! God will pmnt 
 
 his quoque finem. Vos accstis rabiem Scyllream 
 
 to these also termination. You have come to the madness of Scylla 
 
 qne penitus sonantes scopulos: et vos experti Cyclopea saxa; 
 
 and the deeply sounding rocks: and you have tried the Cyclopean rucks: 
 
 revocate animos, que mittite moestum timorem: forsan 
 
 resume your courage, mid dismiss sorrowful fear: perhaps her*
 
 17 205 
 
 olim juvabit meminisse et haec. Tendimus in 
 
 after it will delight us to have remembered also these things. We go into 
 
 Latium per varies casus, per tot discrimina rerum, ubi 
 
 Latium through various perils, through so many dangers of affairs, where 
 
 fata ostendunt quietas sedes: illic fas regna 
 
 the fates show to us peaceful habitations: there it is justice that the realms 
 
 Trojae resurgere. Durate et servate vosmet secundis re- 
 
 of Troy should rise again. Persevere and preserve yourselves for prosperous af- 
 
 bus. Refert talia voce; que aeger ingentibus curis, 
 
 fairs. He relates such things with his voice; and anxious with great cares 
 
 simulat spem vultu; premit altum dolorem corde. 
 
 dissembles hope in his countenance; conceals deep grief in his heart. 
 
 Illi accingunt se praedae, que futuris dapibus; diripiunt 
 
 They prepare themselves for the prey, and future viands; they tear the 
 
 tergora costis et nudant viscera: pars secant in frusta, 
 
 skins from the ribs and make bare the entrails: u part cut into pieces, 
 
 que figunt trementia verubus: alii locant ahena littore, 
 
 and fix them quivering on spits: others place the caldrons on the shore, 
 
 que ministrant flammas. Turn revocant vires victu; que 
 
 n'nd supply the flames. Then they recruit their strength with food; and 
 
 fusi per herbam, implentur veteris Bacchi, que pinguis 
 
 spread through the grass, are filled with old wine, and fat vcni- 
 
 ferinae. Postquant, fames exempta epulis, que 
 
 son After that, their hunger has been taken away by the feast, and 
 
 mensae remotae, requirunt amissos socios longo sermone, 
 
 the tables removed, they inquire after their lost companions in a long discourse, 
 
 dubii inter que spem que metum; seu credant 
 
 doubtful between both hope and fear; whether they may believe them 
 
 vivere, sive pati extrema: nee, jam vocatos exaudire. 
 
 to be living, or that they had suffered death: nor, now invoked would hear. 
 
 Pius jEneas praecipue gemit secum, casum nunc 
 
 Pious jEneas especially laments with himself, the misfortune at one time 
 
 acris Orontei, nunc Amyci, et crudelia fata Lyci, que 
 
 of active Orontes, at another time Amiens, and the cruel fates of Lycus, and 
 
 fortem Gyan, que fortem Cloanthum. Et jam erat 
 
 the brave Gyas, and the brave Cloarithus. And now there was a con- 
 
 finis, cum Jupiter, despiciens summo aethere velivolum 
 
 elusion, when Jove, surveying from the highest heaven the navigable 
 
 mare que terras jacentes, que littora, et latos populos, sic 
 
 cea and the lands lying along, and the shores, and the wide nations, thus. 
 
 constitit vertice cceli, et defixit lumina regnis Libyae. 
 
 has stood on the summit of heaven, and has fixed Ais eyes on the realms of Libya. 
 
 Atque Venus tristior et suffusa nitentes oculos lacrymis, 
 
 But Venus more sad and bedewed as to her shining eyes with tears, 
 
 alloquitur ilium jactantem tales curas pectore: O qui 
 
 addresses him revolving such cares in his mind: O thou who go 
 
 regis res que hominum que Deum aeternis imperiis, et 
 
 rerncBl tne affairs both of men and of gods with eternal powers. an>~
 
 18 830 
 
 terra fulmine, quid tantum in te, meus 
 
 UErightect with (Ay thunder, what to great wicktthutt igalnst thee ktu ray 
 
 , quid*' Troes potuere committere quibui 
 
 wtiat have the Trojan* been able to cooiuiit to whom 
 
 passis tot funera, cunctus orbis terrarum clauditur 
 
 having suffered so many deaths, the whole orb of the earth is ilml 
 
 ob Italiam? Certe pollicitua Romanes olim, 
 
 account of Italy? Surely you havt promised that the Romans hereafter, 
 
 annis volventibus, fore ductores hinc, a revocato sanguine 
 
 the years revolving, should be leaden hence, from the restored Mood of 
 
 Teucri, qui mare, qui tenerent terras omni 
 
 Teucer, who mifkt govern the get, who might govern the countries with all 
 
 ditone: Genitor, quae sententia vertit te? Equidem hoc 
 
 authority: O Father, what purpose has turned theeT Indeed with this 
 
 solabar occasum que tristes ruinas Trojce, rependena fatis 
 
 I softened the fall and sad ruins of Troy, balancing by tkete fates 
 
 contraria fata. Nunc eadem fortuna insequitur viros actos 
 
 advene fates. Now the same fortune pursues the men drive* 
 
 tot casibus. Magne rex, quern finem laborum das? 
 
 by so many misfortunes. O great king, what end of hardship* do you give? 
 
 Antenor elapsus mediis Achivis, potuit tutua 
 
 An tenor escaped from the midst of the Greeks, has been able safe to 
 
 penetrare Illyricos sinus, atque intima regna Liburnorum, 
 
 penetrate the Illyrian bays, and the inmost realms of the Liburnians, 
 
 et superare fontem Timavi; unde per novem ora 
 
 and to pass beyond the fountain of Timavus; whence through nine mouths it 
 
 it proruptum mare cum vasto murmure mentis, et pre- 
 
 go* a swiftly flowing river with a vast murmur of the mountain, and over- 
 Cut arva sonanti pelago. Ille, tamen locavit hie 
 
 whelms the field* with a roaring sea. He, notwithstanding has placed her* 
 
 urbem Patavi que sedes Teucrorum, et dedit nomen 
 
 the city of Padua and the habitations of the Trojans, and has given a name to 
 
 genti que fixit Troia arma; nunc compostus quiescit 
 
 the nation, and set up the Trojan arms; now composed he rests 
 
 placidd pace. Nos, tua progenies, quibus annuls arcem 
 
 in calm peace. We, thy progeny, to whom thon promises! the court 
 
 cceli, navibus amissis (infandum) prodimur, ob 
 
 of heaven, eur ships being lost (Oh horrible) are abandoned, on account of 
 
 iram unius, atque disjungimur longe 1 Italis oris Hie 
 
 the wrath of one. and are separated far from the Italian coasts, /j this 
 
 honos pietatis? sic reponis nos in sceptra? Sator 
 
 tbe reward of piety? thus dost thou replace us into governments? The Father 
 
 hominum, atque Deorum subridens olli, vultu quo 
 
 of men, and Oods smiling upon her, with the aspect with which 
 
 serenat coelum, que tempestates, libavit oscula 
 
 he clears up the sky, and the tempests, has touched liphily the lips of his 
 
 natse; dehinc fatur talia: Cytherea, parce metu; 
 
 daughter and then speaks such tk\ngtt O Vsnus, abstain from ftai
 
 19 254 
 
 fata tuorum manent tibi immota; cernes urbem 
 
 the file* of thy people remain to tbee immovable; tbou f halt see the city 
 
 et promissa moenia Lavint, que feres magnanimum 
 
 and the promised walla of Laviiiinin, and raise magiH.uimous 
 
 ^Eneam sublimem ad sidera coeli: neque sententia vertit me. 
 
 fiicn* high to the stars of heaven: nor does any purpose turn me 
 
 Hie geret ingens helium Italia, (enjm fabor tibi, quandc 
 
 He shall carry on great war in Italy, (for I will declare to thee, since 
 
 haec cura remordet te, movebo arcana fatorum, volvens 
 
 this concern vexes thee, I will explain the secrets of the fates, tracing back- 
 
 longius,) que contundet feroces populos; que ponet mores 
 
 ward farther) and shall crush fierce nations; and appoint laws 
 
 et moenia viris, dum tertia sestas videiit regnantem 
 
 nd cities for his men, until the third summer, shall have seen Aim reigning 
 
 Latio, que terna hiberna transierint, Rutulis 
 
 ib Latiurn.ard three winter ttavna shall have passed away, the Rutulians 
 
 subactis. At puer, Ascanius, cui nunc cognomen lulo 
 
 being subdued. Bui the boy, Ascanius. to whom now the surname lulus 
 
 additur (Ilus erat, dum Ilia res stetit regno) ex- 
 it added (ilus he was, whilst the Trojan power has continued for a king-lorn) shall 
 
 plebit imperio triginta magnos orbes, mensibus volvendis, 
 
 complete with his reign thirty great circles, the months rolling, 
 
 que transferet regnum ab sede Lavinf , et muniet, Albara 
 
 and transfer the kingdom from the seat of Lavinium, and shall fortify Alba 
 
 longam multa 1 vi. Hie jam, regnabitur tercentum 
 
 longa with much strength. Here again, it shall be governed three hundred 
 
 totos annos sub Hectorea" gente, donee Ilia, regina sacer- 
 
 wbole years under the Hectorean race, until Ilia, a queer, a priest- 
 
 dos, gravis Marte, dabit geminam prolem partu. 
 
 ess, teeming by Mars, shall bring forth a double progeny at a birth. 
 
 Inde, Romulus, hetus fulvo tegmine lupse, nutricis, 
 
 Afterwards, Romulus, joyful in the tawny hide of a wolf, his nurse, 
 
 excipiet gentem, et condet Mavortia mcenia, que dicit 
 
 hall receive the nation, and shall build a Mavortian city, and shall call t/u 
 
 Romanes de suo nomine. Ego pono his nee 
 
 people Romans from bis own name. I appoint for these neither the 
 
 metas nee tempora rerum; dedi imperium sine 
 
 bounds nor the duration of powers; I have given to them dominion without 
 
 fine: quin aspera Juno, quae nunc metu fatigat mare, que 
 
 end: nay even severe Juno, who now from fear disturbs the sea, and 
 
 terras, que ccelum, referet consilia in melius, que fovebit 
 
 the lands, and heaven, shall change her counsels for the better, and will favor 
 
 mecum Romanes dominos rerum, que togatam gentem. Sic 
 
 With me, the Romans, the lords of affairs, and the gowned nation. Thu 
 
 placitum. ./Etas veniet, lustris labentibus, cum dornus 
 
 it my pleasure. An age shall come, the years gliding away, when the race 
 
 Assaraci premet servitio, Phthiam que claras Myce- 
 
 of Assaracus shall keep under with servitude. Phthia and the renowned Myc*
 
 20 280 
 
 nas, ac dominabitur victis Argis. Caesar nascctur Tro- 
 
 nac, and sn.-ill rule over the conquered Argos. Caesar shall be born a Tro- 
 
 janus pulchra" origine, qui terminet imperium Oceano, 
 
 jan of illustrious descent, who shall bound his empire by the ocean, 
 
 famam astris, Julius nomen dimissum a magnoliilo. 
 
 Ai fame by the stars, Julius called, a name derived from the great lulus. 
 
 Tu olim secura, accipies hunc coelo, onustum spoliis 
 
 Thou hereafter safe, shall receive him to heaven, loaded with the spoils of 
 
 Orientis: hie quoque vocabitur votis. Turn aspera saecula 
 
 tbe East: he also shall be invoked with vows. Then fierce people 
 
 mitescent, bellis positis. Cana fides, Vesta, et Quirinus 
 
 shall grow mild, wars being laid aside: Hoary faith, Vesta, and Quirinus, 
 
 cum fratre Remo, dabunt jura: dirae portae belli claudentun 
 
 with kis brother Remus, shall give laws: the cruel gates of war shall be shut 
 
 ferro et arctis compagibus, impius Furor sedens intus 
 
 with iron and with tight closures, impious Fury sitting within 
 
 super saeva arma, et vinctus post tergum centum ahenis 
 
 upon direful arms, and bound behind his back with a hundred brazen 
 
 nodis, frement horridus cruento ore. Ait hose, 
 
 chains, shall roar dreadful with his bloody mouth. He says these things. 
 
 et demittit ab alto genitum Maid, ut terras, que ut 
 
 and sends down from heaven Aim born of Maia, that the lands, and that the 
 
 novae arces Carthaginis pateant hospito Teucris; 
 
 new towers of Carthage may be opened fof entertainment to the Trojans; 
 
 ne Dido, nescia fati arcerit finibus. Ille volat 
 
 lest Dido, ignorant of fate might debar them from her territories. He fliea 
 
 per magnum aera remigio alarum ac citus astitit 
 
 through the spacious sky with the flying of his wings and quick has stood on 
 
 oris Libyse; et jam facit jussa que Poeni 
 
 the coasts of Libya; and now he performs his commands and the Carthaginians 
 
 ponunt ferocia corda, Deo volente: imprimis Regina ac- 
 
 fay aside tfieir ferocious hearts, the God willing: especially the Queen enter- 
 
 cipit quieium animum que benignam mentem in Teu- 
 
 tains a peaceable disposition and a kind mind towards the Tro- 
 
 cros. At pius JEnea.s volvens plurima per noctem, 
 
 jans. But pious ./Eneas revolving very many things through the night, 
 
 ut primum alma lux data est, constituit exire, que ex- 
 
 as first clear light has been given, has determined to go forth, and toex- 
 
 plorare novos locos, qusrere quas oras accesserit vento, 
 
 plore the new places, to seek to what coasts he may have come by the wind, 
 
 qui teneant, ne homines ne ferae, (nam videt in- 
 
 vvho may inhabit them, whether men or wild beasts, (for he sees uncul- 
 
 culta,) que referre sociis exacta. Occulit 
 
 tivated grounds, and to relate to his companions accurate (At ngs. He conceals 
 
 classem in convexo nemorum, sub cavata" rupe clausam 
 
 his fleet in the convex spue* of the woods, under a hollow rock inclosed 
 
 circura arboribus atque horrentibus umbris: Ipse graditur 
 
 round with trees avd with dismal shades: He w -'ds for'h
 
 21 312 
 
 comitatus Achate uno, crispans manu bina hastilia lato 
 
 accompanied by Achates alone, brandishing in his hand two javelins of broad 
 
 ferro: cui mater obvia tulit sese media. 
 
 iron to whom his mother in the way has presented herself in the midst of tlw 
 
 sylvd, gerens os que habitum virginis, et arma 
 
 woods, bearing the countenance and the garb of a virgin, and the arms of 
 
 Spartanae virginis; vei qualis ThreVssa Harpalyee, fatigat 
 
 a Spartan virgin; or like as the Thraciau Karpalyce, wearies 
 
 equos que fuga" praevertitur volucrem Eurum: Namqite 
 
 h<:r hurses and in speed outstrips the swift East wind: For 
 
 venatrix, suspenderat humeris habilem arcum de 
 
 as a huntress, she had hung from her shoulders a commodious t-"w according to 
 
 more, que dederat ventis diffundere comam, nuda 
 
 custom, and had permitted the winds to disturb her hair, naked to the 
 
 genu, collecta fluentes sinus, nodo. Ac prior 
 
 knee, girded aa~to the flowing folds of her garment, wniia knot. And first 
 
 inquit.Heus, juvenes monstrate, si vidistis quam 
 
 she says. So tio, youths declare to me if you nave seen any one 
 
 mearum sororum forte hie, errantem, succinctam pharetra" 
 
 of ray sisters by chance here, wandering, girded with a quiver 
 
 et tegmine maculosae lyncis, aut clamore, prementem 
 
 and with the skin of a spotted lynx, or with an outcry, urging 
 
 cursum spumantis apri. Sic Venus; at filius Veneris 
 
 the chase of a foaming boar. Thus Venus spoke; but the son of Venui 
 
 contra, orsus sic: nulla tuarum sororum 
 
 on the other hand, has begun to speak thus: no one of thy sisters has been 
 
 audita neque visa mihi. virgo, quam nemorem te? 
 
 heard nor teen by me. O virgin, whom may I name thee? 
 
 namque baud tibi mortalis vultus, nee vox sonat 
 
 for there is not to thee a human countenance, nor does thy voice sound 
 
 hominem. O dea certe! 
 
 like that of a human being. O a goddess surely! 
 
 An soror Phcebi, an una sanguinis Nympharum? 
 
 Jlrt Uiou the sister of Phoebus, or one of the blood of the nymphs? 
 
 Quaecunque sis felix, que leves nostrum labo- 
 
 Whoever you are, may you be favourable tops, and ease our solicitude; 
 
 rem; et doceas sub quo ccelo, in quibus oris orbis 
 
 and inform us under what climate, on what regiorts of the globe 
 
 tandem jactemur: erramus ignari que hominurh que lo- 
 
 I length we may be thrown: we wander ignorant both of the men and of the 
 
 corum, acti hue vento et vastis fluctibus. Multa hostia 
 
 Places. driven hiih-r by the wind and by the vast billows. So many a victim 
 
 adet tibi ante aras nostrd dextrd. Tune Venus: 
 
 hall fall for thHebiifure thy altars by our right hand. Then Venus answered: 
 
 baud equidem dignor me tali honore. Mos est 
 
 not indeed do I think myself worthy of such honour. The custom is 
 
 Tyriis virginibus gestare pharetram, que vincire suras 
 
 lor UM Tyrian virgin* to carry a quiver, and to bind the leg*
 
 22 337 
 
 alte* purpureo cothurno. Vides Punica regna Tyrios, 
 
 high with a purple buskin. You sec Carthaginian dominions, the Tyriuns, 
 
 et urbera Agenoris; sed fines Libyci, genus intracta- 
 
 and the city of Agenor; but the territories are Lybian, a people fierce 
 
 bile bello. Dido regit imperium, profecta Tyrisl urbe, 
 
 in war. Dido rules the empire, having come from a Tyrian city. 
 
 fugiens germanum: injuria est longa, longac ambages; 
 
 escaping her brother: the injury is long, long art the circumstances: 
 
 Bed sequar summa fastigia rerum. Sichseus erat conjux 
 
 but I will trace chief points of affair*. SichKua was the husband 
 
 huic, ditissimus Phoenicum agri, et dilectus magno 
 
 to her, the richest of the Phoenicians in land, and beloved with the great a flee 
 
 amore miserae; cui pater dederat intactam, que 
 
 lion of the miserable Dido; to whom her father had given her undefiled, and 
 
 jugdrat primis ominibus: sed Pygmalion germanus 
 
 bad married her with the first omens: but Pygmalion her brother 
 
 habebat regna Tyri, immanior scelere ante omnes alios: 
 
 possessed the dominions of Tyre, more cruel in wickedness before all others: 
 
 Inter quos medius furor venit. Ille impius, atque csecus 
 
 Between whom a common hatred has come. He wicked, and blind 
 
 amore auri, clam superat ferro Sichaeum, incau- 
 
 with the love of gold, privately overcomes with the sword Sicbzus, unwary 
 
 turn ante aras, securus dmorum germanae; que diu 
 
 before the altars, regardless of the affections of his sister; and long 
 
 celavit factum; et malus simulans multa, lusit 
 
 has concealed the deed; and wicked, dissembling many things, has deluded 
 
 segram amantem van spe. Sed imago ipsa inhu- 
 
 the sick lover with a vain hope. But the apparition itself of her un- 
 
 mati conjugis venit in somnis, attollens pallida ora 
 
 buried husband has come to her in her sleep, raising up hi* pale visage 
 
 miris modis: nudavit crudeles aras, que pectora tra- 
 in a wonderful form: he has laid open the cruel altars, and his breast thrust 
 
 jecta ferro, que retexit omne coecum scelus 
 
 through with a sword, and has revealed . all the secret wickedness of the 
 
 domus. Turn suadet celerare fugam que excedere 
 
 family. Then he counsels her to hasten her flight and to depart from he* 
 
 patria"; que recludit veteres thesauros tellure, auxilium 
 
 native country; and reveals to her ancient treasures in the earth, as an aid 
 
 viffi, ignotum pondus argenti et auri. Dido commota 
 
 of her journey, an unknown mass of silver and gold. Dido roused 
 
 his parabat fugam que socios, . Conveniunt quibus 
 
 \iv these things, prepared her flight and companions. Jill assemble to whom 
 
 erat crudele odium aut acer metus tyranni: corripiunt 
 
 there was a mortal hatred or a sharp fear of the tyrant: they seize the 
 
 naves quae forte paratae, que onerant auro. Opes 
 
 (hips which by chance were ready, and loud them with gold. The riches 
 
 avari Pygmalionis portantur pelago: femina 
 
 of the covetous Pygmalion are carried away on the sea: a woman vtt the
 
 23 365 
 
 dux facti. Devenere locos, ubi nunc cernes ingentia 
 
 leader of the deed. They have come to places, where now you will see the huge 
 
 mocnia, que surgentcm arcem novse Carthaginis: que 
 
 walls, and the rising tower of new Carthage; and . havt 
 
 mercati solum Byrsam de nomine facti, quantum 
 
 purchased ground called Byrsa from the name of the deed, as much as they 
 
 possent circumdare taurino tergo. Sed qui tandem vosr 
 
 might be able to enclose with a bull's hide. But who at length are you? 
 
 aut a quibus oris venistis? ve quo tenctis iter? Ille 
 
 or from what coasts have you come? or whither do you direct your way? He 
 
 suspirans que trahens vocem ab imo pectore, 
 
 sighing and drawing his voice from the bottom of his breast, answered 
 
 talibus quaerenti: O Dea, si repetens ab prima ori- 
 
 with such words to her asking: O goddess, if rehearsing from the first begin- 
 
 gine pergam, et vacet audire annales nostro- 
 
 ning/ shall pursue, and there may be leisure toOi.ee to hear the annals of our 
 
 rum laborum; Vesper componet diem, Olympo clauso 
 
 misfortunes; the evening star will close the day, heaven being shut up 
 
 ante. Tempestas sua forte appulit 
 
 before my story will be finished. A tempest by its own adventure has driven 
 
 Libycis oris nos vectos per diversa seqaora antiqua 
 
 to the Libyan coasts us conveyed across divers seas from ancient 
 
 Troja, (si forte nomen Trojse iit pervestrasaures.) Sum 
 
 Troy, (if by chance the name of Troy has come to your ears.) I am 
 
 pius ./Eneas, qui veho mccum cfesse Penates raptos 
 
 pious ^Eneas, who carry with me in my fleet the household gods, snatched 
 
 ex hoste, notus fama super aethera. Quscro Italian patri- 
 
 from the enemy, known by fame above the skies. I seek Italy my native 
 
 am, et genus ab summo Jove. Conscendi Phrygium 
 
 country and my descent is from highest Jove. I have ascended the Phrygian 
 
 sequor bis denis navibus, Dea matre monstrante viam, 
 
 sea with twice ten ships, my goddess mother showing to me the way. 
 
 secutus fata data: septem convulse undis que 
 
 having followed the decrees given to me: seven shattered by the billows and 
 
 Euro vix supersunt. Ipse ignotus, egens, peragro 
 
 by the east wind scarcely remain. / myself unknown, poor, wander over 
 
 deserta Libya?; pulsus Europa atque Asia. Venus nee 
 
 the deserts of Africa; banished from Europe and Asia. Venus not even 
 
 passa querentem plura, sic interfata est medio 
 
 suffering Aim complaining to say more, thus interrupted Aim tn the midst of 
 
 dolore: quisquis es, carpis vitales auras, credo baud 
 
 his grief: whoever thou art, than, cnjoycst the vital breath, I believe not 
 
 invisus coelestibus, qui adveneris Tyriam urbem. Perge 
 
 odious to the heavenly gods, who mayst have come to a Tyrian city. Proceed 
 
 modo, atque prefer te hinc ad limina reginac: namquenun- 
 
 now, and convey thee hence to the house of the queen: for I de- 
 
 tio tibi socios reduces que classem 
 
 elwe to tbee that thy companions are returned again, and the fleet has let*
 
 SH 391 
 
 relatam, et actam in tutum, Aquilonibus versis; ni 
 
 Drought back, and driven into a safe place, the north winds being changed; unless 
 
 parentes vani docuere augurium frustra. Aspice bis 
 
 my parents vain have taught me divination to no purpose. Set: these twice 
 
 senos cycnos laetantes agmine, quos ales Jovis lapsa 
 
 BIX iiwans rejoicing in a flock, which the bird of Jove gliding from. 
 
 sctherift plag.1, turbabat aperto coelo; nunc videntur aut 
 
 the etherial region, chased in the open air; now they si-cm rithi-r to 
 
 capere terras longo ordine, aut despectare jam capias: 
 
 choose the earth in a lung train, or to look down upon it now cuimon: 
 
 ut illi reduces luduut stridentibus alis et cinxere 
 
 as they returned safe sport with clapping wings, and have flown around the 
 
 polum ccetu, que dedere cantus; baud aliter que 
 
 heaven in a flock, and have given forth their songs; not otherwise bolt 
 
 tuse puppes, que pubes tuorum aut tenet portum, aut 
 
 thy ships, and the youth of thy friends either possess tin- harbour, or 
 
 subit ostia pleno velo. Perge modo, et dirige 
 
 are entering the mouth with full sail. Proceed now, and direct (Ay 
 
 gressum qua via ducit te. Dixit, et avertens 
 
 atep whither the way conducts thee. She has said, and turning away has. 
 
 refulsit rosea" cervice, que ambrosiae comae spiravere 
 
 shone bright with her rosy neck, and her ambrosial hair ha? breathed 
 
 divinum odorem vertice: vestis defluxit ad imos 
 
 divine fragrance from her bead; her robe hath flowed to the bottom of 
 
 pedes, et incessu patuit vera Dea. Ille ubi 
 
 her feet, and by her gait she has been manifested a real goddess. He. when he 
 
 agnovit matrem, secutus est.fugientem tali voce: quid 
 
 ha* recognized his mother, has pursued her fleeing with such speech: why 
 
 tu quoque, crudelis toties, ludis natum falsis imaginibus? 
 
 dost thou too cruel so often, mock thy son with deceitful images? 
 
 cur non datur jungere dextram dextrae, ac audire 
 
 why is it not permitted lo me to join my right hand to thy right hand, anil to hoar 
 
 et reddere veras voces? incusat talibus que tendit 
 
 and to return real words? he complains with such words and directs At* 
 
 gressum ad moenia. At Venus sepsit gradientes obscuro 
 
 step to the town. But Venus has covered (Arm going with obscure 
 
 aero, et Dea circumfudit multoamictu nebulae, 
 
 air, and the goddess has encompassed (Arm with a thick covering of mist, 
 
 ne quis posset cernere eos, neu quis con- 
 
 that not any one miuht be able; to *ee them, nor any might It able to 
 
 tingnre, vel moliri moram, aut poscere causas veniendi. 
 
 touch hem r cause a delay, or demand the reasons of their coiniii". 
 
 Ipsa abil sublimis Paphum, que Ircta revisit suas sedes; ubi 
 
 She ileparta majestic to Paphoa, and joyful revisits her own seats; where 
 
 templum illi, que centum arae calent Sabrco thure, que 
 
 a tempi" is to her, and an hundred altars are hot with Sabran incense, and 
 
 halant recentibus sertis. Interea corripuere 
 
 exhale with fresh garlands. In the mean while they have hastened Utt\
 
 25 418 
 
 viam, qua semita monstrat: jamque ascendebant collem v qui 
 
 way, whither the path directs: and now they ascended the hill, which 
 
 piurimus imminet urbi, que desuper aspectatadversasarces. 
 
 very large hangs over the city, and from above faces the opposite towers, 
 
 ^Eneas miratur molem, quondam magalia: 
 
 /Bunas admires the nile of buildings, where formerly cottages stood; 
 
 miratur portas que strepitum et strata viarum. 'Tyrii 
 
 ne adjiirus the gates and the bustle and the causeways. The Tyrians, 
 
 ardentes instant: pars ducere muros, que moliri arcem, 
 
 earnest urge the work: a part to extend the walls, and erect a tower 
 
 et subvolvere saxa manibus; pars optare locum tecto, 
 
 and roll up stones with their hands; a part to prepare a place for a building, 
 
 et concludere sulco. Legunt jura que magistra- 
 
 and enclose it with a trench. They choose sites for their courts and offices 
 
 tus,que sanctum senatum. Hie alii effodiuntportus: hie alii 
 
 and the sacred senate house. Here some dig harbors: there others ar 
 
 locant alta fundamenta theatris; que excidunt rupibus 
 
 aying the deep foundations for theatres; and cat out from the rocks 
 
 .mmanes columnaSj alta decora futuris scenis. Qualis 
 
 huge columns, the lofty decorations for future scenes. Such 
 
 labor exercet apes nova sestate per florea rura, sub 
 
 toil employs bees in the new summer .through the flowery fields, under 
 
 sole cum educunt adultos foetus gentis, aut cum 
 
 the sun when they lead forth thu full grown young of their race, or when 
 
 stipant liquentia mella, et distendunt cellas dulci 
 
 they lay up their liquid honey, and fill the combs with sweet 
 
 nectare, aut accipiunt onera venientum, aut facto 
 
 nectar, or receive the burdens of those coming;, or in a formed 
 
 agmine arcent 4 praesepibus fucos ignavum pecus: opus 
 
 band drive away from tfieir hives the drones an idle flock: the work 
 
 fervet, fragrantia mella redolent thymo. fortunati, ait 
 
 goes on busily, the fragrant honey casts a smell of thyme. O happy ye, says 
 
 uEneas, quorum mcenia jam surgunt! et suspicit fastigia 
 
 /Eneas, whoje walls now arise! and A surveys the heights of the 
 
 urbis. Infert se per medios, septus nebulft, 
 
 city. He conveys himself through the midst of them, covered with a. cloud, 
 
 mirabile dictu! que miscet viris neque cernitur ulli. 
 
 wonderful to be told! and mingles with the men nor is seen by any. 
 
 Lucus fuit in medii urbe, leetissimus umbrfi,; quo 
 
 A grove has been in the midst of the city, most pleasant for its shade; in which 
 
 loco Poeni jactati undis et turbine primum 
 
 place the Carthagerrians driven by the waves and by the wind first 
 
 effodere caput acris equi, signum quod regia Juno 
 
 dug up the head of a courageous horse, an omen which royal Juno 
 
 monstrSrat; nam sic gentem fore egregiam 
 
 had shown; for thus she signified, that the nation would be eminent 
 
 oello, et facilem victu per secula. Hie Sidonia Dido 
 la war. and easy to conquer through age*. Here Bidonian Dido
 
 26 447 
 
 condebat Junoni ingens templum, opulentum donis et 
 
 built to Juno 'a huge temple, enriched with gifts and with 
 
 numine Divae: cui serea limina surgebant 
 
 the presence of the goddess: to which the brazen thresholds rose 
 
 gradibus, que trabes nexae sere, cardo stridebat 
 
 in steps, . and the beams were bound with brass, the hinge creaked with 
 
 ahenis foribus. In hoc luco nova res oblata primum leniit 
 
 orazen doors. In this grove a new thing presented first has allayed 
 
 timorem: hie ^Eneas primum ausus sperare salutem et 
 
 their fear: here ./Eneas first . has dared to hope for safety and 
 
 inclius confidere afflictis rebus: namque dum lustrat singula 
 
 bolter to trust to his afflicted affairs: for while he surveys each 
 
 sub ingenti templo opperiens reginam; dum miratur 
 
 thing in the great temple waiting for the queen; while he admires 
 
 quae sit fortuna urbi, que manus artificum que laborem 
 
 what may be the fortune to the city, and the hands of the artists and the labour 
 
 operum inter se; videt Iliacas pugnas ex ordine, que bella 
 
 of the works mutually; he sees the Trojan battles in order, and the wars 
 
 jam vulgata farad per totum orbem; Atridas que 
 
 now published by fame through the whole world; he sees the sons of Atreus and 
 
 Priamum, et Achillem sjevum ambobus. Constitit et lacry- 
 
 Priamus, and Achilles unmerciful to both. He has stood and \vcep- 
 
 mans inquit: Achate, quis focus jam, quse regio in terris 
 
 ing says: O Achates; what place now, what country on the earth 
 
 non plena nostri laboris? en Priamus, etiam hie sua prae- 
 
 15 not full of our disaster! Behold Friamus, even here his own re- 
 
 mia sunt laudi: lacrymae rerum sunt, et mortalia tangunt 
 
 wards are for praise: tears of misfortunes are here, and mortal affairs move 
 
 mentem. Solve metus: hsec fama feret tibi aliquam sa- 
 
 the mind. Dismiss your fears: this fame will bring to theo some re- 
 
 lutem. Sic ait atque pascit animum inani pictura, ge- 
 
 lief. Thus he says; and he feeds his mind with an empty picture, lament- 
 
 mens multa, que humectat vultum largo flumine. 
 
 ing many things, and wets his face with a large flood of tears. 
 
 Namque videbat, uti Graii bellantes circum Pergama fuge- 
 
 For he saw, that the Greeks fighting around Troy would 
 
 rent h&c, Trojana juventus premeret; hie 
 
 flee on this part: whilst the Trojan youth would chase them, on that part 
 
 Phryges; cristatus Achilles instaret curru. 
 
 the Trojan would flee; while crested Achilles would pursue them in his charioU 
 
 Nee procul hinc lacrymans agnoscit tentoria Rhesi 
 
 Not far off hence weeping he recognizes the tents of Rhesus from their 
 
 niveis velis; quae prodita primo somno cruentus 
 
 snow white vails; which betrayed in the first night the bloody son of 
 
 Tydides vastabat multd ccede, que avertit ardentes 
 
 Tydeus plundered with great slaughter, and has driven away his mettlesome 
 
 equos in castra, priusquam gust&ssent pabula 
 
 steeds into the Grecian camp, before they had tasted the pasture of
 
 27 473 
 
 Trojae, que bibissent Xanthum. Aliaparte Troilus 
 
 Troy, ''and hail drank of Xanthus. In another part of the temple Troilus 
 
 fugiens, armis amissis, infelix puer atque impar congressus 
 
 fleeing, his arms being lost, unhappy youth and unequal encountering 
 
 Achilli! fertur equis, que resupinus hseret inani 
 
 Achilles! is dragged by his horses, and supine hangs from the empty 
 
 curru, tenens lora tamen: que cervix que comae huic 
 
 ehariot, holding the reins notwithstanding: both the neck and the hair to him 
 
 trahuntur per terram, et pulvis inscribitur versa hasta 
 
 are drawn along the ground, and the dust is scrawled by the inverted spear 
 
 Interea Iliades, passis crinibus, ibant ad 
 
 In the meantime the Trojan women, with dishevelled hair, went t 
 
 templum Palladis non cequae, que ferebant peplum sup- 
 
 the temple of Pallas not impartial to them, and carried the robe hum- 
 
 pliciter tristes, et tuns pectora palmis. Diva 
 
 oly sad, and beaten as to their breasts with their hands. The goddess 
 
 aversa tenebat oculos fixos solo. Achilles ter raptaverat 
 
 unfavourable kept Acr eyes fixed on the ground. Achilles thrice had dragged 
 
 , Hectora circum Iliacos muros, que vendebat exanimum 
 
 Hector around the Trojan walls, and was selling the breathless 
 
 corpus auro. Turn vero dat ingentem gemitum ab imo 
 
 body for gold. Then indeed he gives a great groan from the bottom 
 
 pectore, ut conspexit spolia, ut currus, que ut 
 
 of Ais breast, as A baa seen the spoils, as he has seen the chariot, and as 
 
 corpus ipoum amici, que Priamum tendentem inermes 
 
 the body itself of Ins friend, and Priam stretching out his feeble 
 
 rnanus. Agnovit sequoquepermixtum Achivisprincipibus, 
 
 hands. He has recognized himself also mingled with' the Grecian commanders 
 
 que Eoas acies, et arma nigri Memnonis. 
 
 and the eastern armies, and the arms of swarthy Memnon. 
 
 Penthesilea furens ducit agmina Amazonidum lunatis 
 
 Penthesilea furious leads on her bands of Amazons with horned 
 
 peltis, que ardet in mediis millibus, subnectens aurea 
 
 shields, and xages in the midst of thousands, buckling her golden 
 
 cingula exertae mammae, bellatrix, que virgo audet con- 
 
 f irdie under her bare breast, warlike., and a virgin dares to fight 
 
 currere viris. Dum haec miranda videntur Dardanio 
 
 with men. While these wonderful things are seen by Trojan 
 
 ^Enese, dum stupet, que haeret defixus in uno ob- 
 
 /Encas, whilst he is astonished, and continues fixed with one intent pos> 
 
 tutu; regina Dido pulcherrima formsl, incessit ad 
 
 ture of the eyes; queen Dido most beautiful in appearance, has come to the 
 
 templum, magna catervS, juvenum stipante. Qualis Dian 
 
 temple, a great multitude of youth attending. Like as Dian 
 
 in ripis Eurotae, aut per juga Cynthi exercet chores," 
 
 on the banks of Eurotas or on the top of Cynthus leads the dances, 
 
 quam mille Oreades secutae, glomerantur hinc 
 
 whom a thousand mountain nymphs having followed, are gathered on this part
 
 28 500 
 
 atque hinc: ilia fert pharetram humero que gradiens, super- 
 
 mil that: she carries Ar quiver on Aer shoulder, and walking, appear* 
 
 eminet omnes Deas: gaudia pertentant taciturn pectus 
 
 above all the goddesses joys pass through the silent brca-i of 
 
 Latonae. Talis erat Dido, laeta ferebat se talem per medios, 
 
 Latona. Such was Dido, joyful she carried herself such in the niiiUt, 
 
 instans operi, que futuris regnis. Turn resedit 
 
 fntent upon the work, and her future dominions. Then she has tint down 
 
 foribus divae media test u dine tempi i, septa 
 
 at the gates of the goddess in the midst of the arch of- the temple, surrounded 
 
 armis que subnixa alfe solio. Dabat jura que leges 
 
 with arms and raised up high on a throne. She dispensed justice and law* 
 
 viris, que acquabat laborem operum justis partibus 
 
 to the men, and equalized the labour of the works in proportionate parts, 
 
 aut trahebat sorte: cum ^Eneas subito videt Anthea que 
 
 or drew it by lot: when ./Eneas suddenly sees Antheus and 
 
 Sergestum, que fortem Cloanthum que alios Teucrorum ac- 
 
 Bergestus, and the brave Cloantbus and others of the Trojans ad- 
 
 cedere magno concursu; quos ater turbo dispulerat sequore, 
 
 vance with a great concourse; whom a black storm had scattered on the sea, 
 
 que avexerat eras penitus alias. Ipse simul obstu- 
 
 and had carried to shores entirely different. He at the same time has been 
 
 puit, simul Achates perculsus que laetitia que 
 
 astonished, and at the same time Achates fins been smitten both with joy and 
 
 metu; avidi ardebant conjungere ^dextras; sed incognita 
 
 fear; eager they passionately desired to join their right hands; but the strange 
 
 res turbat animos. Dissimulant et amicti cava nube, 
 
 afiair disturbs their minds. They dissemble and covered with a hollow cloud, 
 
 speculantur quae fortuna viris; quo litore linquant 
 
 watch what may be the fortune to the men; on what coast they may 
 
 classem, quid veniant; nam lecti cunctis navibus 
 
 leave tAtr fleet, why they may come; for chosen from all the ships 
 
 ibant orantes veniam, et petebant templum clamore. 
 
 they came soliciting favour, and were making to the temple with a clamour. 
 
 Postquam introgressi et copia data fandi coram, 
 
 After that they have entered and liberty has lee* given of speaking openly, 
 
 Ilioneus maximus, sic coepit placido pectore; regina! 
 
 fliooeus the greatest, thus has begun with a calm mind; O queen! 
 
 oui Jupiter dedit condere novam urbem, que frcenare 
 
 to whom Jupiter has given to build a new city, and to curb 
 
 superbas gentes justitid: miseri Troes vecti omnia 
 
 proud nations with justice: we minerable" Trojans carried through, all 
 
 mana ventis oramus te, prohibe infandos ignes a navibus' 
 
 ?as bythewindsintreattb.ee, avert the horrible flames from our hips 
 
 parce pio generi, et propius aspice nostras res. Nos 
 
 epure a pious race, and more favourably regard our afluirs. W 
 
 non venimus aut populare Libycos Penates ferro, 
 
 havo not come either to destroy the Libyan household gods witli thu sword.
 
 29 528 
 
 aut vertere praedas raptas ad litora. Ea vis non 
 
 or 10 turn the spoils seized to the shores. This violence is not in our 
 
 nnimo, nee tanta superbia victis. Est locus, 
 
 mind, nor is so great insolence to the conquered. There is a place, the 
 
 Graii dicunt Hesperiam cognomine: aixtiqua terra, potens 
 
 Greeks call it Hesperia by name: an ancient land, powerful 
 
 armis atque ubere glebae: Oenotrii viri coluere; 
 
 in war and in the fruitfulness of its soil: Oenotrian men have inhabited it; 
 
 mine faina minores dixisse gentem Italiam, de 
 
 now fame is that their posterity have called the nation Italy, from 
 
 nomine ducis. Hue fuit cursus; cum subito nim- 
 
 Ihe name of their leader. Hither has been our course; when suddenly bolster- 
 
 bosus Orion assurgens fluctu tulit in ' cceca vada 
 
 ous Orion rising from the ocean hath borne us upon the hidden shelves 
 
 que Austris penitus procacibus dispulit que per 
 
 and the south winds being altogether obstinate have dispersed us both over the 
 
 invia saxa, salo superante: pauci, adnavimus hue 
 
 inipassaWe jrocks, the sea overcoming us: we, a few, have swum hither to 
 
 vestris oris. Quod genus hominum hoc? ve quse patria, tarn 
 
 your coasts. What race of men is this? or what country, go 
 
 barbara, permittit hunc morem? prohibemur hospitio 
 
 avage, allows this custom? we are debarred from the refuge of 
 
 arena?: cient bella que vetant consistere prim& terrd. 
 
 the shore: they raise wars and forbid that tee should remain on the first land. 
 
 Si temnitis humanum genus et mortalia arma, at sperate 
 
 If you despise the human race and mortal arms, but expect that 
 
 Deos memores fandi atque nefandi. ^Eneas erat rex nobis, 
 
 the gods are mindful of right and wrong. ./Eneas was king to us, 
 
 quo alter justior pietate nee fuit, nee major bello et 
 
 than whom another more just for his piety has not been, nor greater in war and 
 
 armis, quern virum, si fata servant, si vescitur aethe- 
 
 arms, which man, if the fates may preserve, if he lives upon the ethe- 
 
 rea aura 1 , neque adhuc occubat crudelibus umbris: metus 
 
 real air, nor as yet is dead among the cruel shades: fear u 
 
 non, nee poeniteat te priorem certasse officio. 
 
 not to us, nor may it repent thee first to have vied with him in kindness. 
 
 Sunt urbes Siculis regionibus, que anna que clarus 
 
 i There are cities to us in the Sicilan regions, and arms and the renowned 
 
 Acestes a Trojano sanguine. Liceat subdu- 
 
 Acestes is from Trojan blood. May it bo lawful for us to draw on 
 
 cere classem quassatam ventis, et aptare trabes sylvis 
 
 shore our fleet shattered by the winds, and to fit planks from the woods 
 
 et stringere remos. Si datur tendere Italiam, sociis et 
 
 and to cut oars. If it is given to us to go to Italy, our companions and 
 
 rege recepto, ut laeti petamus Italiam que Latium; sin 
 
 king being recovered, that joyful we may make for Italy and Latium; but 
 
 salus absumpta et pontus Libyae habet te, optiine 
 
 if our safety may be destroyed and the sea of Libya possesse thec. O beat
 
 30 555 
 
 pater Teucrflm, nee jam spes liili restat; at sattem peta- 
 
 father uf the Trojans, nor now Hit hope of lulus remains; but at least that we 
 
 mus ficta Sicaniee que paratas secies, unde ad- 
 
 may goto the p traits of Sicily and the prepared abodes, from whence we have 
 
 vecti hue, que regem Acesten. IHoneus talibus: 
 
 been carried hither, and to king Acestes. llioncus entreated with such 
 
 simul cuncti Dardanidae fremebant 
 
 Kordf, at the same time all the Trojans express their approbation with 
 
 ore. Turn Dido demissa vultum profatur 
 
 their mouth. Then Dido downcast as to her countenance speak* 
 
 breviter: Teucri! solvite metum corde, secludite curas 
 
 briefly: O Trojans! banish fear from your heart, drive away your carol 
 
 Dura re's et novitas regni cogunt me molir 
 
 My difficult circumstances and the infancy of my kingdom compel me to do 
 
 talia, et tueri late fines. Quis nesciat genus 
 
 luch tilings, and to protect far and wide my borders. Who knows not the race 
 
 ./Eneadfim? quis urbem Trojae, que virtutes que 
 
 of the Trojans? who knows not the city of Troy, and their merits and 
 
 viros, et incendia tanti belli? Pceni non gestamus 
 
 the men and the flames of so great war? We Carthagenians do not carry 
 
 pectora adeo obtusa! nee Sol jungit equos tam aversus ab 
 
 hearts so unfeeling! nor hns the sun joined his steeds so remote from 
 
 Tyri& urbe. Seu vos optatis magnam Hesperiam que 
 
 the Tynan city. Whether you choose the great Hcspena and 
 
 regem Acesten: dimittam tutos auxilio, que juvabo 
 
 king Acc.-tfs: I will dismiss you safe with assistance, and aid you. with my 
 
 opibus. Et vultis considere paritermecum his regnis? 
 
 wealth. Ami are you willing to settle equally with me in these dominions? 
 
 quam urbem condo, est vestra; subducite naves: Tros 
 
 Thecity, which city I build, is yours; bring ashore your ships: Trojan 
 
 que Tyrius agetur mihi nullo discnmine. Atque utinam 
 
 and Tynan shall be treated by me with no difference. And O that 
 
 ./Eneas rex ipse compulsus eodem Noto afforet! Equidem 
 
 jf.ncae your king himself driven by the same wind might be present! Truly 
 
 dimittam certos per litora, et jubebo lustrare ex- 
 
 I will rend trusty men along the shores, and 1 will order them to search tliu ic- 
 
 trema Libyse, si ejectus errat quibus syivis aut urbibus. 
 
 motost partsof Libya, if cast out he wanders in any woods or cities. 
 
 Et fortis Achates et pater ./Eneas arrecti animum 
 
 Both brave Achates and father ./Eneas encouraged as to their mind 
 
 his dictis, jamdudum ardebant erumpere nubern: 
 
 with tnpse words, a long time desired to break the cloud: 
 
 Achates prior compellat ^Eneam: nate Dcfi, quae 
 
 Ar,hat?s first addresses /Kneas: O thou. born of a goddest, what 
 
 sententia nunc surgit animo? Vides omiua tuta, 
 
 purpose now arises in your mind 7 You see all iking* safe, 
 
 classem que socios receptos. Unus abest, quern ipsi 
 
 your fleet and companions recovered. One is absent, whom tee oureelvcf
 
 31 584 
 
 vidimus submersum in medio fluctu: caetera respondent 
 
 have seen sunk in the midst of the ocean: other things agree 
 
 dictis matris. 
 
 to the words of your mothi;r. 
 
 Vix fatus erat ea, cum repente circumfusa nubes 
 
 Scarcely had he said those things when suddenly the circumambient cloud 
 
 scindit se, et purgat in apertum aethera. jEneas restitit 
 
 divides itself, and clears into open air. /Eneas has stood 
 
 que refulsit in clara luce, similis Deo os 
 
 and has shone bright in clear light, like to a god as to his countenance 
 
 que humeros: namque genitrix ipsa afflarat nato 
 
 and shoulders: for his mother herself had breathed on her son 
 
 decoram caesariem que purpureum lumen juventae, et 
 
 graceful hair and the glowing .light of youth, and 
 
 oculis laetos honores. Decus, quale manus addunt 
 
 on his eyes lively beauty. Such beauty, as the hands giva 
 
 ebori, aut ubi argentum, ve Parius lapis circumdatur flavo 
 
 to ivory, or where silver, or Parian marble is inclosed with yellow 
 
 auro. Turn sic alloquitur reginam, que repente improvisus 
 
 gold Then thus headdresses the queen, and suddenly unexpected 
 
 cunctis ait: adsum coram Troius yEneas, quern quaeritis, 
 
 by all says: I am present openly, Trojan ./Eneas, whom you seek, 
 
 ereptus ab Libycis undis. O sola miserata infandos 
 
 matched from the Libyan waves. O thou alone having pitied the unutterable 
 
 labores Trojse! quae urbe, domo socias nos reliquias 
 
 calamities of Troy! who, in thy city, and In thy house associates! us the remains 
 
 Danaum, jam exhaustos omnibus casibus que terrae que 
 
 of the Greeks, now wasted by all the perils both of land and 
 
 maris egenos omnium. Dido! est non nostrae opis, per- 
 
 sea wanting all things. O Dido! it is not of our power, to re- 
 
 solvere dignas grates: nee Dardanise gentis, 
 
 turn to thce suitable thanks: neither is it of the power of the Trojan nation, what. 
 
 quicquid ubique est, quse sparsaper magnum 
 
 soever of this race every where is, which has been scattered over the great 
 
 orbem. Dt (si qua numma respectant pios si quid jus- 
 
 world. The pods (if any deities regard the pious if any thing of jus- 
 
 titiae usquam est) et mens conscia sibi recti ferant tibi 
 
 tice any where is) and a mind conscious to itself of virtue may bring to thee 
 
 digna proemia. Quse tarn laeta specula tulerunt te? qui 
 
 mutable rewards. What so prosperous ages have produced thce? what 
 
 tanti parentes genuere talem? dum fluvii current in frela, 
 
 so worthy parents have begotten thee such? while rivers shall run into the seas, 
 
 dum umbra) lustrabunt convexa montibus, dum 
 
 while clo'ids shall move round the convex taps of the mountains, while 
 
 polus pascet sidera: semper tuum honos que norrien que 
 
 heaven shall sustain the stars: always thy honour and name ana 
 
 laudes manebunt, quzecunque terrae vocant me. Fatus sic 
 
 praises shall continue. whatever lands call me. Having said thur
 
 32 610 
 
 petit amicum Hionea dextrd, que Serestum Isevfi: 
 
 be takes his friend Ilioneua with his right band, and Sercstus with his left- 
 
 Post alios que fortem Cyan que fortem Cloanthum. Si- 
 
 Afterwards others both the brave Gyas, and the brave Ctoanthus. Sido- 
 
 donia Dido obstupuit primd aspectu, deinde tanto 
 
 man Dido has been astonished first at the appearance, then at M> great 
 
 casu viri, et sic locuta est ore: nate 
 
 calamity of the man, and thus has spoken with her mouth: O thou born of 
 
 Dea, quis casus insequitur te per tanta pericula? quae 
 
 a goddess, what fate pursues thee through so great adventures? what 
 
 vis applicat te immanibus oris? Tune ille yEncas quern 
 
 power brings thce to these barbarous coast?? jjrt thou that ./Ericas whom 
 
 alma Venus genuit Dardanio Anchisae ad undam Phry- 
 
 fair Venus has brought forth to Trojan Anchises by the water of 1'hry- 
 
 gii Simoentis? atque equidem memini Teucrum venire 
 
 gian Simois? and indeed I remember that Teucer came to 
 
 Sidona, expulsum patriis finibus, petentem nova regna 
 
 Sidon. expelled from his native territories, seeking new dominions 
 
 auxilio Beli. Turn genitor Belus vastabatopimamCyprum, 
 
 by the aid of Belus. Then my father Belus destroyed rich Cyprus, 
 
 et victor tenebat ditione. Casus Trojanae urbis 
 
 and a conqueror ruled ft by his authority. The ruins of the Trojan city liavefiee* 
 
 cognitus mihi jamexillo tempore, que tuum nomen, que 
 
 known tome now from that lime, and thy name, and the 
 
 Pelasgi reges. Hostis ipse ferebat Teucros insigni 
 
 Grecian kings. The enemy himself extolled the Trojans with distinguished 
 
 laude, que volebat se ortum a antiqua stirpe Teucro- 
 
 praisc, and was pleased that he had sprung from the ancient race of the Tro 
 
 rum. Quare agite juvenes! succedite nostris tectis! 
 
 jans. Wherefore come on O youthsl enter our houses 
 
 similic fortuna voluit me quoque jactatam per multos la- 
 
 a like fortune has chosen that I also tossed through many dig 
 
 bores, demum consistere Me terrd. Non ignara mali, 
 
 tresses, at length should settle in this land. /not ignorant of misfortune, 
 
 disco succurere miseris. Sic memorat, simul ducit 
 
 know how to succor the distressed. Thus she says, at the same time sAe lead* 
 
 ^Enean in regia tecta: simul indicit honorem 
 
 ./Eneas into the royal house: at the same time she appoints a sacrifice in the 
 
 templis Divum. IntereS. nee minus mittit munera 
 
 temples of the gods. In the mean time not less she sends presents to kit 
 
 sociis ad litora, viginti tauros, centum horrentia terga 
 
 companions to the shores, twenty bulls, one hundred rough bodies 
 
 magnorum suum, centum pingues agnos cum matribus, que 
 
 af grunt swine, an hundred fat lambs with the dams, and 
 
 laetitiam Dei. At interior domus splendida 
 
 the joy of the god Bacchus. But the inner part of the house magnificent 
 
 instruitur regali. luxu, que parant convivia 
 
 is furnished with regal splendor, and they prepare banquets in th
 
 33 638 
 
 mediis tectis, vestes laboratae arte que superbo 
 
 midst of the house. Here are garments wrought with art and rich 
 
 ostro: ingens argentum mensis, que fortia facta patrum 
 
 purple: massy plate is on the tables, and the brave deeds of her fathers 
 
 ccelata in auro, series rerum longissima ducta per 
 
 embossed in gold, a series of exploits of the longest extent continued through 
 
 lot viros ab origine antiquse gentis- .^Eneas, (enim 
 
 so many men from the founder of the ancient race. yEneas, (for 
 
 patrius amor neque passus mentem consistere) praemitt t 
 
 internal love has not suffered his mind to be at rest) Sends befc e 
 
 Achaten rapidum-ad navea, ferat haec Ascanio, 
 
 Achates swift to the ships, that he may report these things to Ascanius, 
 
 que ducat ipsum ad rnoania. Orhnis cura chari parentis 
 
 and conduct him to the city. All the care of the fond parent 
 
 stat in Ascanio. Praeterea jubet ferre muneraerepta 
 
 Is placed in Ascanius. Besides he orders him to bring the presents rescued 
 
 Iliacis minis., pallam rigentem signis que auro, et 
 
 from the Trojan ruins, a robe stiff with figures and gold, and 
 
 velamen circumtextum croceo acantho: ornatus Argi- 
 
 a veil woven around with yellow brank-ursine: the ornamentsof Gre- 
 
 vge Helenae quos ilia extulerat Mycenis: cum peteret 
 
 cian Helen which she has brought from Mycenae: when she might be going 
 
 Pergama que inconcessos Hymenseos, mirabile donum 
 
 to Troy and to her unlawful nuptial rites, the wonderful gift of her 
 
 matris Ledse. Praeterea sceptrum quod Ilione 
 
 mother Leda. Besides he orders them to bring the sceptre which Ilione 
 
 maxima natarum Priami olim gesserat, et monile collo 
 
 lie eldest of the daughters of Priam formerly had born, and a necklace for the neck 
 
 baccatum et coronam duplicem gem mis que auro. 
 
 set in pi'iirls and a crown double with gems and gold. 
 
 Celerans ha?c Achates tendebat her ad naves. At Cy 
 
 Hastening these things Achates directed Ais way to the ships. But V 
 
 therea versat novas artes, nova consilia-pectore: ut Cupidu 
 
 nus resolves new plots and new designs in her breast: that Cupid 
 
 mutatus faciem et ora veniat pro dulci 
 
 changed asto his appearance and countenance may come instead of sweet 
 
 Ascanio, que donis incendat furentem reginam, atque 
 
 Ascanius. and with the gifts inflame the amorous queen, and 
 
 implicetignem ossibus. Quippe timet ambiguam domum 
 
 enwrap the fire in her bones. For she dreads the changeable race 
 
 que bilingues Tyrios: atrox Juno urit, et cura 
 
 nnd the double-tongued Tyrians: cruel Juno vexes her, and her anxiety 
 
 recursat sub noctem. Ergo affatur aligerum Amorem 
 
 returns in the night. Therefore she addresses winged love 
 
 his dictis: Nate mea? vires, mea magna poteniia; nate 
 
 with these words: O son my strength, my great power; O son 
 
 <jui solus temnis Typhoea tela summi patris: confugio 
 
 trho alone ilespisest the Typhoon thunderbolts of the supreme father: I tty
 
 34 GG6 
 
 ad te et supplex posco tua numina. nota 
 
 to ihee and suppliant implore thy deity. These things have been known 
 
 tibi ut tuus frater ^Eneas jactetur pelago circum omnia 
 
 to thee that thy brother ./Eneas may be tossed on the sea about all 
 
 litora, odiis iniquae Junonis: et saepe doluisti nostro 
 
 bores, by the malice of partial Juno: and often thou hast grieved in my 
 
 dolore. Phoenissa Dido tenet hunc, que moratur blandis 
 
 grief. Phcenissian Dido entertains him, and detains Aim with pleasant 
 
 vocibus: et vereor quo Junonia hospitia vertant se : 
 
 words. and I fear whither the Junonian hospitality may turn itself: she will 
 
 naud cessabit tanto cardine rerum. Quocirca- meditor 
 
 not be idle on so great a juncture of affairs. Wherefore I contrive 
 
 ante capere reginam dolis, et cingere flamma ne- 
 
 before to ensnare the queen with wiles, and to beset her with a flame that she 
 
 mutet se quo numine, sed teneatur mecum 
 
 may not change herself by any divine impulse but that she may be held with me 
 
 magno amore ^Eneae. Nunc accipe nostram mentem, qua 
 
 by the great love of /Eneas. Now hear my advice, how 
 
 possis facere id, regius puer mea maxima cura, parat 
 
 you may be able to do that, the royal boy, my greatest care, prepares 
 
 ire ad Sidoniam urbem accitu chari gonitoris, ferens 
 
 to go to the Sidonian city at the call of As beloved father, bearing 
 
 dona restantia pelago et flammis Trojae. Ego recondam 
 
 presents remaining from the sea and the flames of Troy. I will hide 
 
 hunc sopitum somno super alta Cythera aut super Idalium 
 
 him lulled in sleep upon lofty Cythera or upon Idalium 
 
 sacratd sede; ne qua possit scire dolos ve me- 
 
 in a sacred place; lest in any way he may be able to know the wiles or coming 
 
 dius occurrere. Tu falle dolo illius faciem 
 
 between to interrupt its success. Thou counterfeit by delusion his face 
 
 unam noctem non amplius: et puer indue pueri notos 
 
 one night no longer: and a boy assume the boy's known 
 
 vultus: ut cum Dido Isetissima accipiet te gremio, 
 
 looks: that when Dido most joyful shall receive thee in her bosom. 
 
 inter regales mensas que laticem Lyaeum, cum dabit 
 
 amidst the royal tables and the liquor of Bacchus, when she shall give 
 
 amplexus atque figet dulcia oscula: 
 
 to thee her embraces and shall impress upon thee sweet kisses. 
 
 inspires occultum ignem que fallas veneno. 
 
 thou inayest inspire the secret flame and deceive Acrwith the poison 
 
 Amor paret dictis charre genitricis et exuit 
 
 f love. The god of love obeys the commands of his dear mother anrtputson" 
 
 alas, et gaudens incedit gressu luli. At Venus irriga 
 
 his wings, and rejoicing walks in the gait of lulus. But Venus diffuses 
 
 placidam quietem per membra Ascanio, et Dea 
 
 gentle sleep through the limbs of Ascanius, and the goddess hat 
 
 tollit fotum gremio in altos lucos Idahae, ubi mollis 
 
 emoved him cherished in her bosom into the lofty groves of Idalia, where soft
 
 35 694 
 
 amaracus aspirans complectitur ilium floribus et dulci 
 
 inajorum breathing encircles him with flowers and a pleasant 
 
 umbra. Jamque Cupido ibat parens dicto, et poitabat 
 
 shade. .And now Cupid went obeying the command, and carried 
 
 regia dona Tyriis, lastus Achate duce. Cum ve- 
 
 the royal presents to the Tyrians, joyful in Achates his leader, When he has 
 
 nit regina jam composuit se superbis aulsr.is, que locavit 
 
 arrived, the queen now has set herself on rich tapestry, and has placed 
 
 mediam aurea spondd. Jam pater ./Eneas, que 
 
 kerseff in the middle on a golden couch. Now father ./Eneas, and 
 
 jam Trojana juventus conveniunt que discumbitur super 
 
 now the Trojan youth assemble and they sit down upon 
 
 ostro strato. Famuli dant lymphas manibus, que expe- 
 
 the purple couch. The servants give water for their hands, and serve 
 
 diunt cererem canistris, que ferunt mantilia villis tonsis. 
 
 bread in baskets, and bring towels the naps being shorn. 
 
 Intus quinquaginta famulae, quibus cura struere 
 
 Within are fifty maid servants, to 'whom was the care to preparo 
 
 penum longo ordine, et adolere Penates flammis: 
 
 the provisions in long order, and to perfume the household gods with flames: 
 
 centum aliae, que totidem ministri pares setate, qui 
 
 Vttrcwere an hundred others, and as many men servants equal in age, who 
 
 onerent mensas dapibus et ponant pocula. Et necnon 
 
 may load the tables with food and may place the cups. And also 
 
 Tyrii frequentes convenere per Iseta limina jussi 
 
 the Tyrians numerous have assembled in the joyful house commanded 
 
 discumbere pictis toris. Mirantur dona ^Eneae, 
 
 to lie down on the embroidered couches. They admire the presents of /Eneas, 
 
 mirantur lulum que flagrantes vultus Dei, que simulata 
 
 they admire lulus and the glowing looks of the god, and his dissembled 
 
 verba, que pallam et velamen pictum croceo acantho, 
 
 words, and the mantle and the veil adorned with the yellow acanthus 
 
 Prsecipue infelix Phcenissa devota futurae pesti 
 
 Especially the unhappy Dido devoted to the future distraction of lov 
 
 nequit expleri mentem, que ardescit tuendo, etparitor 
 
 is unable to be satisfied as to her mind; and is inflamed by beholding, and equally 
 
 movetur puero que donis. Ille, ubi pependit complexu 
 
 * is afl'ected with the boy and the presents. He, when he has hung on the embrace 
 
 que collo ^Enea?, implevit magnum amorem falsi genitoris, 
 
 and neck of ^Bneas, has satisfied the great affection of his false father 
 
 petit reginam: Haec haeret oculis, haec 
 
 advances to the queen: She is fixed upon him with her eyes, she is fixed on Am 
 
 toto pectore et interdum Dido fovet gremio, inscia 
 
 with her whole soul and sometimes Dido fondles him in her bosom, not knowing 
 
 quantus Deus insideat miserae. At ille memor 
 
 how great a God lies in wait for her miserable. But he mindful of hit 
 
 Acidaliae matris, paulatim incipit abolere Sichseum et tentat 
 
 Acidalian mother, by degrees begins to abolish Sichxus and tries
 
 36 721 
 
 vivo amore praevertere animos jampridem resides que 
 
 by a living love to prepossess htr affections long since disengaged and 
 
 corda desueta. Postquam prima quies epulis que 
 
 her heart unused to love. After the first cessation is from the feast, and 
 
 mtnsae remotae, statuunt magnos crateras et coronant 
 
 the tubles have been removed, they place the great goblets and crown 
 
 vina. Strepitus fit tectis, que volutant vocem per 
 
 the wine. A nnise is made in the house, and they roll their voice througk 
 
 anipla atria: incensi lychni dependent aureis laquearibus, 
 
 tho spacious halls: the lighted tamps hang down from the golden ceiling* 
 
 et funalia vincunt noctem flammis. Hie regina poposcit 
 
 end torches expel the darkness with flames. Here the queen has called foi 
 
 pateram gravem gem mis que auro, que implevit mero, 
 
 a goblet heavy with gems and gold, and has filled it with wino. 
 
 quam Belus et omnes a Belo soliti. Turn 
 
 which Belus and all from Belus have been accustomed to fit. Then 
 
 silentia facta tectis: Jupiter (nam loquuntur te 
 
 silence has been made in the house: O Jove (for they say that thnu 
 
 dare jura hospitibus) velis hunc diem esse laetura 
 
 hast given laws to hosts) mayest thou be willing that this day maybe fortunaU 
 
 que Tyriis que profectis Trqji, que nostror 
 
 both to the Tyrians and to those having departed from Troy, and that ou/ 
 
 minores meminisse hujus. Bacchus dator laetitise ad- 
 
 posterity should remember this day. May Bacchus the giver of joy be pre 
 
 sit, et bona Juno: et vos Tyrii, faventes, celebrate coetum 
 
 Bent, and good Juno: and you O Tynans, favoring, celebrate this meeting 
 
 Dixit, et libavit honorem laticum in mensam 
 
 Che has said, and has poured out in sacrifice an oblation of liquor upon the tab!* 
 
 que libato prima attigit tenus summo 
 
 and being offered first she has gently touched it only vit/i the extreme part a 
 
 ore. Turn dedit Bitiae increpitans: ille impiga 
 
 icr mouth. Then she has given it to Bitias reproaching Aim; he quid 
 
 hausit spumantem pateram, et proluit se pleno aura 
 
 lias drained the foaming bowl, and bathed himself from the full gold 
 
 post alii proceres. Crinitus lopas personal aurata* 
 
 afterwards the other nobles. Long haired lopas sounds on kit gilded 
 
 citharS. quae maximus Atlas docuit: hie canit errantem 
 
 harp what the greatest Atlas has taught: he sings the wandering 
 
 Lunam que labores Solis, unde genus hominum 
 
 moon and labors of the sun, from whence arise the race of men 
 
 et pecudes, unde imber et ignes, Arcturum que 
 
 and flocks, from whence rain and lightnings, he sings Arcturus and 
 
 pluvias Hyadas, que geminos Triones, quid hyberni soles 
 
 the rainy Hyades, and the two Triones, why winter suns 
 
 properent tantum tingere se Oceano, vel quse mora 
 
 should hasten so much to touch themselves in the ocean, or what hindrance 
 
 obstet tardis noctibus. Tyrii ingeminant plausum, que 
 
 may oppose the slow nights. The Tyrians redouble the applaus*, ami
 
 37 74? 
 
 Troes sequuntur. Et necnon infelix Dido trahebat noctem 
 
 the Trojans follow them. And also unhappy Dido drew out the night 
 
 vario sermone, que bibebat longum amorem rogitans niulta 
 
 In various tulk, and drank long love inquiring many 
 
 super Hectore; nunc quibus armis filius Aurorae 
 
 Unrips about Hector; one while in what arms the son of Aurora 
 
 venisset, nunc, quales equi Diomedis, nunc, 
 
 might have come, another while of what sort were the horses of Diomede, now, 
 
 quantns Achilles. Immo hospes, age, inquit, et a 
 
 bow great was Achilles. Nay, O guest, come on, she says, and from 
 
 pnraa origine die nobis insidias Danaum que casus 
 
 the first origin relate to us the wiles of the Greeks and the misfortunes 
 
 tuorum que tuos errores: nam jam septiina sestaa 
 
 of thy friends and thine own wanderings: for now the seventh summer 
 
 portat te errantem omnibus tcrris et fluctibus. 
 
 carries thee roving on all lands and seas. 
 
 THE ^ENEID. 
 BOOK SECOND. 
 
 OMNES conticuere que intent! tenebant ora. Inde 
 
 ALL have been silent and attentive held their countenances. Then 
 
 pater ./Eneas, sic orsus ab alto toro: regina, jubes, 
 
 father jEneas,. thus has begun from his lofty couch: O queen, you command 
 
 renovare infandum dolorem: ut Danai eruerint 
 
 me, to renew unutterable grief: how the Greeks may have overturned 
 
 Trojanas opes et regnum lamentabile; quseque 
 
 the Trojan powers and their kingdom to be deplored; both which things 
 
 miserrima ipse vidi, et quorum fui magna para 
 
 most pitiable I myself have seen, and of which I have been a great part. 
 
 Quis Myrmidonum, ve Dolopum, aut miles duri 
 
 Who of the Myrmydons, or of the Dolopes, or what soldier of stern 
 
 Ulyssei temperet & lachrymis fando talia? et jam hu- 
 
 Ulysses can refrain from tears in relating such things? and now liu- 
 
 mida nox praecipitat ccelo que cadentia sidera suadent 
 
 mid night hastens down from the sky and the setting stars advis4 
 
 somnos. Sed si tantus amor cognoscere nostros casus 
 
 sleep. But if so great love is to you to know our misfortune* 
 
 et breviter audire supremum laborem Trojse; quanquam 
 
 and briefly to hear Hie last struggle of Troy; although
 
 38 12 
 
 animus horret meminisse que refugit luclu, incipiam. 
 
 w y mind drench to remember and declines through grief, I will begin 
 
 Ductores Danaum fracti bello que repulsi fatis, 
 
 The leaders of tho Greeks disheartened by the war und repulsed by the fates 
 
 tot annis jam labentibus, aedificant equum inslar 
 
 o many years now passing away, construct a horse of I ho fiic of > 
 
 .mentis, divinii arte Palladis; que, intexunt costas secta 
 
 mountain, by the divine art of Pallas; and, they line the ribs with sawn 
 
 1 biete. Simulant votum pro reditu: ca fama 
 
 r. They pretend it to be an oflcririg for their return: that story 
 
 vagatur. . Sortiti delecta corpora virflm, furtim 
 
 is spread abroad. Having chosen by lot select bodies of men, secretly 
 
 includunt hue cajco lateri: que penitus cohiplent in- 
 
 Ihey shut them up here in the dark side: and within tlioy fill the spa- 
 
 gentes cavernas que uterum armato milite. Tenedos est in 
 
 cious caverns and the belly with armed soldiery. Tenedos is . in 
 
 conspectu, insula notissima famd, dives opum, dum 
 
 sight, an island most noted by Tame, abounding in wealth, while 
 
 regna Priami manebant; nunc tantum sinus et statio ma- 
 
 the realms of Priam continued; now only a bay and a station un- 
 
 lefida carinis: provecti hue condunt se in deserto 
 
 aafe for ships: conveyed hither they hide themselves on the deserted 
 
 litore. Nos rati abiisse et petiisse Mycenas 
 
 shore. We have imagined them to have gone and to have sought Myccno 
 
 yento. Ergo omnis Teucria solvit se longo luctu: 
 
 with the wind, Therefore all Troy releases itself from long suffering: 
 
 Port panduntur: juvat ire etvidere Doriea castra, 
 
 The gates are thrown open; it delights us t'o go and view the Grecian camps, 
 
 que desertos locos que litus relictum. Hie manus 
 
 and the deserted places and the shore abandoned. Here the bands of the 
 
 Dolopum, hie saevus Achilles tendebat; hie locus 
 
 Dolopes here stern Achilles encamped; here was the station foi 
 
 classibus; hie acies solebant certare. Pars stupet 
 
 their fleets; here armies were wont to engage. A part ii astonished 
 
 exitiale donum innuptae Minervae, et mirantur molem 
 
 at the fatal present of unmarried Minerva, und admire the bulk of the 
 
 equi: que primus Thymcetes hortatur duci intra muros 
 
 horse: and first Thymostcs advises that it be drawn within tne walls 
 
 et locari arce; sive dolo seu jam 
 
 and be placed in the citadel; -whether he did this through treachery or now 
 
 fata Trojae sic ferebant. At Capys et quorum menti 
 
 the fates of Troy thus required. But Capys and ethers to whose mine 
 
 melior sententia, jubent aut praecipitare pelago insidias 
 
 ras a better judgment, advise either to precipitate in the sea the snares 
 
 que suspecta dona Danaflm, ve urere flammis subjec- 
 
 and the suspected gifts of the Greeks, or to burn them by flames applied under 
 
 tis, aut terebrare et tentare cavas latebras uteri. Incer- 
 
 n<*4th, or to pierce and examine the hollow recesses of the womb. The in-
 
 39 39 
 
 turn vulgus scinditur in contraria studia. Ibi Laocoon 
 
 constant populace is divided between different opinions. Then Laocoon 
 
 primus ante omnes, magnS. caterva comitante, ardens 
 
 the first before all, a great crowd surrounding, eager 
 
 decurrit ab summa arce: et procul misen 
 
 runs down from the top of the citadel: and from afar cries out: O wretched 
 
 cives, quae tanta insania? creditis hostes 
 
 citizens, what so great madness is there to you? do you believe the enemy 
 
 avectos? aut putalis ulla dona Danaum carere 
 
 to have been carried away? or do you think that any gifts of the Greeks Jo be free 
 
 dolis? sic Ulysses notus? aut Achivi occul- 
 
 from deceit? or thus has Ulysses been known to you? either the Greeks arc con- 
 
 tantur inclusi hoc ligno: aut haec machina fabricata est in 
 
 ccaled. shut up in this wood: or this machine has been framed against 
 
 nostros muros inspectura domos, que ventura urbi 
 
 our walls about to overlook our houses, and to come down upon oar city 
 
 desuper; aut aliquis error latet: Teucri ne credite equo. 
 
 from above; or some guile lies hid: O Trojans trust not to the horse 
 
 Quicquid id est, timeo Danaos et ferentes dona. Sic 
 
 Whatever that is, I fear the the Greeks even offering presents. Thus 
 
 fatus, validis viribus contorsit ingentem hastam in 
 
 having said, with great powers he has hurled his huge spear against 
 
 latus feri, que in alvum curvam compagibus; ilia 
 
 tin: side of the horse, and against his belly bending out in joints; that 
 
 stetit tremens, que utero recusso, cava? cavernae inso- 
 
 has stood trembling, and the inside being jarred, the hollow caverns have 
 
 nuere que dedere gemitum. Et si fata Defim, si 
 
 sounded and have sent forth a groan. And if the decrees of the gods, if our 
 
 mens non fuisset laeva impulerat foedare ferro 
 
 mind might not have been foolish he had persuaded us to tear open with the sword 
 
 Argolicas latebras; que Troja nunc stares que 
 
 these Grecian hiding places: and OTroy now them mightest stand and thou 
 
 alta arx Priami maneres! 
 
 jofty tower of Priam mightest remain! 
 
 Interest ecce Dardanidse pastores magno clamore 
 
 In the mean time behold the Trojan shepherds with great clamor 
 
 trahebant ad regem juvenem, revinctum manus post 
 
 were dragging to the king a youth, bound as to his hands behind 
 
 tdrga: qui ultro obtulerat se, ignotum, venien- 
 
 his back: who of his own accord had presented himser unknown, to them ad- 
 
 libus, ut strueret hoc ipsum, que aperiret Trojam 
 
 vancing, that he might effect this very design, and open Troy to tnc 
 
 Achivis; ndens animi atque paratus in utrumqiie; sen 
 
 Greeks;- daring of soul and prepared for either event; whether 
 
 versare dolos, seu occumbere certaj morti. Trojana 
 
 to manage frauds, or to yield to certain death. The Trojan, 
 
 juventus circumfusa ruit undique, studio 
 
 youth . being scattered around him rush in from every quarter, through cagci
 
 40 l 
 
 viscndi, que certant illudere capto. Nunc accipe 
 
 Jet ire of seeing him. -and they strive to insult the captive. Now understand 
 
 insidias Danaflm; et ab unocriminedisce omnes. Namqn* 
 
 the wilt- 5 of the Greeks; and from one crime learn alt. iror 
 
 nt constitit in medio conspectu, turbatus, inermis, atque 
 
 as be itood in the midst of our view, alarmed, defenceless, and 
 
 oculis circumspexit Phrygia agmina; inquit, heu, quae 
 
 with **a eyes looked round upon the Trojan bands; he says, alas, what 
 
 tellus, quae aequora nunc possunt accipere me! aut, jam, 
 
 land, what sens now can receive me! or, now, 
 
 quid denique restat mihi misero, cui neque 
 
 what finally remains to me a wretched man, for whom thert it neither 
 
 locus usquam apud Danaos; insuper Dardanidae ipsi 
 
 place any where among the Greeks; and besides the Trojans themselves 
 
 infensi poscunt poenas cum sanguine. Quo gemitu 
 
 Incensed demand punishment with blood. By which lamentation our 
 
 animi conversi, et omnis impetus compressus; horta- 
 
 minda have been changed, and all violence restrained; weencour- 
 
 mur fari quo sanguine cretus; memoret quid 
 
 age him to say from what race he may be sprung; that he relate what message 
 
 ferat, ve quae fiducia sit capto. Die formidine 
 
 be may bring, or what confidence may be to a captive. He bis fear 
 
 tandem deposita, fatur haec: Rex, equidem, inquit, 
 
 at length being laid aside,, speaks these words: O king, indeed, he says, 
 
 fatebor tibi cuncta vera, qusecunque fuerint neque 
 
 I will confess to you all things true, whatsoever they may have been neither 
 
 negabo me de Argolica gente; hoc primum: nee si 
 
 will I deny Mat I ant of the Grecian race; thisi* first: nor if 
 
 improba fortuna finxit Sinonem miserum, finget 
 
 base fortune hath made Sinon wretched, shall she make h<m 
 
 vanum que mendacem. Si forte*, fando aliquid nomen 
 
 deceitful and false. If by chance, in speaking something the name 
 
 Palamedis Belidae, et gloria inclyta iam& pervenit ad 
 
 of Palamedes the son of Belits, and his glory renowned by fame has reached to 
 
 tuas aures: quern insontem Pelasgi sub fals prodi- 
 
 your ears: whom innocent the Greeks under a false accusation of 
 
 tione demisere neci infando indicio quia vetebat 
 
 treachery have condemned to death upon iniquitous evidence because he forbade 
 
 bella: nunc lugent cassum lumine: pauper pater misif 
 
 the wars: now they mourn Aim bereaved of life: my poor father hath sent 
 
 me comitem illi et propinquum consanguinkate hue in 
 
 me a companion to him and related to him by the ties of blood hither in 
 
 arma ab primis annis. Dum stabat incolumis regno, que 
 
 arms from my early years. While he remained safe in Ai* kingdom, and hit 
 
 regnum vigebat consiliis, et nos gessimus que aliquod 
 
 kingdom flourished by his counsels, also we have borne both some 
 
 nomen que decus: postquarn concessit ab superis on* 
 
 name and honor but after he bath departed from the upper region*
 
 41 90 
 
 invidiS. pellacis Ulyssei, loquor baud ignota, afflictus 
 
 y the hatred of lying Ulysses, I speak not things unknown, / aflliclcf 
 
 trahebam vitam tenebris que luctu et mecum indignabar 
 
 dragged out my life in darkness and sorrow and by myself I was indignant 
 
 casum insontis amici. Nee, demens, tacui; et 
 
 at the fate of my innocent friend. Nor, foolish, have I been silent, and 
 
 promisi me ultorem si qua fors tulisset 
 
 I have promised that Ivould be an avenger if any fortune should have afforded 
 
 si unquam remeassem victor ad patrios Ar- 
 
 gn opportunity, if ever I should have returned a victor to in y native Ar- 
 
 gos, et movi aspera odia, verbis. Hinc prima 
 
 gos, and I have excited his cruel hatred, by my words. From hence was the first 
 
 labes mali mihi: hinc Ulysses semper terrere 
 
 source of misfortune to me: henceforth Ulysses began always to alarm 014 
 
 novis cri minibus: hinc spargere ambiguas voces in vul- 
 
 with new accusations: henceforth to spread ambiguous words among the com- 
 
 gum, et conscius quserere arma. Nee enim rsquievit, 
 
 mon people, and conscious to seek . arms. Nor indeed has he stopped, 
 
 donee Calchante ministro. Sed autem quid ego revolvo 
 
 until Calclms being his assistant. But truly why do I go over again 
 
 ingrata?. quidve moror? si habetis omnes Achivos 
 
 tA<se unpleasant things? or why delay? if you hold all the Greeks 
 
 uno ordine que est sat audire id, sumite 
 
 in the flame condition of enemies, and it is sufficient to hear that, inflict 
 
 poenas jamdudum. 
 
 the punishment long since deserved, 
 
 Hoc Ithacus velit, et Atridae mercentur magno. 
 
 Tins Ulysses may wish, and the sons of Atreus may purchase it at a great 
 
 Turn vero ardemus scitari, et quserere causas, ignari 
 
 price. Then indeed we are eager to inquire, and to ask the causes, ignorant 
 
 tantorum scelerum que Pelasgje artis. Prosequitur pavitans 
 
 of so great crimes and Grecian artifice. He proceeds fearful 
 
 et fatur ficto pectore: Danai' ssepe cupiere moliri 
 
 and speaks from his false heart: The Greeks often have wished to effect then 
 
 fugam, Troja relicta et fessi discedere longo bello. Que 
 
 flight, Troy being left and wearied to depart from the long war. And 
 
 utinam fecissent! saepe aspera hyems ponti 
 
 O that they, might have done so! often the rough tempest of the ocean 
 
 interclusit ilios, et Auster terruit euntes. Praecipue 
 
 has kept back them, and the south wind has terrified them departing. Chiefly 
 
 cum jam hie equus staret contextus acernis trabibus, nimb' 
 
 when now this horse might stand framed of maple planks, storms 
 
 sonuerunt toto aethere. Suspensi mittimus Eurypylum sci- 
 
 roarod in all the sky. In suspense we send Eurypylus to in- 
 
 tatum oracula Phcebi que is reportat haec tristia dicta 
 
 quire of the oracle of Apollo and he brings back these mournful words from 
 
 adytis: Danai placastis ventos sanguine et virgine 
 
 the shrines: OGreeks you have appeased the winds with blood and a virgin
 
 42 116 
 
 caesd, cum primum venistis ad Uiacas oras: reditus 
 
 lain, when first you have come to the Trojan shores: your return 
 
 quaerendi sanguine et litandum Argolicd anima. Quae 
 
 may be sought by blood and atonement made by a Grecian life. Which 
 
 vox ut venit ad aures Vulgi, animi obstupuere, 
 
 answer when it cnme to the ears of the multitude, their minds were confounded. 
 
 que gelidus tremor cucurrit per ima ossa; cui 
 
 and a cold shivering hath run through their inmost bones; ignorant for whom 
 
 fata parent, quern Apollo poscat. Hie Ithacus 
 
 the fates may prepare death whom Apollo may demand. Here Ulyssci 
 
 protrahit vatem Calchanta in medios magno tumultu: 
 
 drags the prophet Chalchus into the midst of them with great tumult 
 
 flagitat quse ea numina Divum sint, et multi jam 
 
 and demands of him what ihose responses of the gods may he, and many already 
 
 canebant mihi crudele scelus artificis, et taciti videbant 
 
 foretold tome thccruel plot of the dissembler, and silent saw 
 
 ventura. Bis quinos dies ille silet, que tec- 
 
 thc things about to come on me. Twice five days he is silent, and con* 
 
 tus recusat prodere quemquam sua" voce, aut opponere 
 
 cealed refuses to designate any one by his voice, or to exjwise him 
 
 morti. Tandem vix actus magnis clamoribus Ithaci, 
 
 to death. At length with difficulty forced by the loud clamors of Ulysses, 
 
 rumpit vocem composite, et destinat me arse. Omnes 
 
 he opens /it's mouth of purpose, and devotes me to the altar. All have 
 
 assensere; et tulere quae quisquis timebat sibi conversa 
 
 assented; and have suffered what every one feared for himself to be turned 
 
 in exitium unius miseri. Jamque infanda dies aderat; 
 
 to the destruction of one unhappy being. And now the fatal day had come; 
 
 sacra parari mihi, et salsa? fruges, et vittJE 
 
 the sacred rites began to be prepared for me, and the salted cakes, and the fillets 
 
 cjrcum tempora. Eripui me leto, (fateor) et rupi 
 
 around my temples. 1 have delivered in-yself from death, (I confess) and broke 
 
 vincula: que obscurus delitui per noctem limoso 
 
 ny chains: and obscure I have lurked through the night in the mml<!y 
 
 lacu in ulva, dum darent vela, si forte dedis- 
 
 fen among the weeds, until they should set sail, if by chance they might have sail- 
 
 sent. Nec jam ulla spes mihi videndi antiquam pa- 
 
 ed. Nor now was there any hope to me of seeing my ancient conn- 
 
 triam, nec dulces'natos que exoptatum parentem: quos 
 
 try, nor my dear children and my greatly desired parent: whom 
 
 ttli fbrs reposcent ad poenas ob nostra effugia, et 
 
 they perhaps will demand for punishment on account of my escape, and 
 
 piabunt hanc culpam morte miserorum. 
 
 will expiate this fault of mine by the death of those unhappy hci-ngs 
 
 Quod oro te per Superos et numina conscia veri, 
 
 Wherefore I implore you by the powers above and the deities conscious of truth, 
 
 per, si est qua intemerata, fides quae adhuc restat mor- 
 
 by, if th ire is any inviolable, faith which as yet remains to mur
 
 43 ,144 
 
 lalibus usquatn; miserere tantorum laborum; miserere animi 
 
 tals any whore; pity so great sufferings; pity a mind 
 
 ferentis non d:gnfi. 
 
 bearing unwor:liy things. 
 
 His lachrymis dacnus vitam, et ultro miserescimus. 
 
 To these tears we grant him At'sJife, and willingly pity Aim. 
 
 Priamus ipse primus jubet manicas atque arcta vincla le- 
 
 Priaen himself first orders the handcuffs and tight cords to be un- 
 
 vari viro; que fatur ita amicis dictis: quisquis 
 
 loosed from the man; and speaks thus to him with friendly words: whoever thou 
 
 es, hinc jam obliviscere Graios amissos. Eris noster: 
 
 art, henceforth now forget the Greeks lost. You shall be ours 
 
 edissere haec vera mihi roganti: quo statuere bane 
 
 declare these truths to me questioning: why have they built thi 
 
 molem immanis equi? quis auctor? ve quid peturil? 
 
 mass of an enormous horse? who was the author of it? or what do they intend? 
 
 quae religio? aut quae machina belli? Dixerat. Ille, 
 
 what religion is there in it? or what engine of war is it? He said. He, 
 
 instructus dolis et Pelasga arte, sustulit ad sidera 
 
 versed in frauds and Grecian cunning, has raised towards the stars Atj 
 
 palmas, exutas vinclis: ait, aeterni ignes, tester vos et 
 
 hands freed from cords: he says, O eternal fires, I call you to witness and 
 
 vestrum non violabile numen; vos arse, que nefandi enses quos 
 
 your inviolable divinity; ye altars, and impious swords which 
 
 fugi; que vittae Deum quos hostia, gessi: fas 
 
 I have escaped; and ye fillets of the gods which a victim, I have borne: it is just 
 
 mihi resolvere sacrata jura Graiorum; fas 
 
 for me to violate the sacred obligations of the Greeks; it is right for me 
 
 odisse. virosatque ferre sub auras omnia si qua tegunt nee 
 
 to hate the men, and to bring into the air all l/iiugs if any lie hid nor 
 
 teneor ullis legibus patriae, modo tu, Troja, maneas 
 
 am I bound by any lav.-s of my country! only mayest thnu, O Troy, adhere to 
 
 promissis, que servata, serves fidem; si feram 
 
 thy promises, and preserved, mayst thou keep thy faitlitome; if I may disclose 
 
 vera, si rependam magna Omnis spes Danaum et 
 
 truths, if I may repay thce great things. 'Every hope of the Greeks and 
 
 fiducia belli coepti, semper stetit auxiliis Palladia. 
 
 confidence of the war commenced, always has depended on the aid of Pallas. 
 
 Sed enim ex quo impius Tydides que Ulysses inventor 
 
 But indeed from what time the impious Tydides and Ulysses the contriver 
 
 scelerum aggressi avellere fatale Palladium sacrato 
 
 of wickedness having attempted to drag away the fatal Palladium from Aersacred 
 
 templo, custodibus summae arcis caesis corripuere sacram 
 
 temple, the guards of her lofty dome being slain have seized her sacred 
 
 effiigiem; que ausi contingere virgineas vittas Divas 
 
 iniKge; and have dared to touch the virgin fillets of the goddess 
 
 cruentis manibus: ex illo spes Danaum sublapsa 
 
 with bloody hands: from that time the hopes of the Greeks tottering began
 
 44 170 
 
 fluere ac refern retro: vires fractae mens 
 
 to flag and to be carried backward: their powers haet been broken and the mind 
 
 Deae aversa. Nee Tritonia dedit ea signa dubiis 
 
 of the goddess Aa. AMH averse. Nor Trilonia has given those signs by doubtful 
 
 monstris. Vix simulacrum positum castris; coruscue 
 
 prodigies. Scarcely has the statue been sot up in the camps; when sparkling 
 
 flammze arsere arrectis luminibus, que salsus sudor 
 
 flames have flashed from her attentive eyes, auJ briny sweat 
 
 iit per artus, que ter emicuit solo mirabile 
 
 as flowed over her limbs, and thrice she has sprung from the ground wonderful 
 
 dictu, que ferens parmanque trementem hastam. Extemplo 
 
 to relate, and bearing her shield and trembling spear. Forthwith 
 
 Calchas canit eequora tentanda fugd: nee Pergama 
 
 Calchas declares that the seas must be attempted in tlijjht: nor Troy 
 
 posse excitidi Argolicis telis ni repetant omina Argis, 
 
 can be razed by Grecian arms unless they may repeat the omens at Argos, 
 
 que reducant numen quod advexere secum pelago 
 
 and bring buck the goddess which they have conveyed with themselves on the sea 
 
 et curvis carinis; Et nunc quod petiere patrias 
 
 and in their curved ships. And now thai they have sought their native 
 
 Mycenas vento, parant arma que Deos comites, que 
 
 Mycenas with the wind, they are providing arms and gods companions, and 
 
 pelago remenso, improvisi aderunt; ita Calchas 
 
 the sea being passed over again, unexpected they will be present; so Calcbat 
 
 digerit omina. Moniti, statueVe hanc effigiem pro 
 
 interprets the omens. Warned, they have constructed this figure in 
 
 Palladio, pro numine laeso, qua? piaret triste 
 
 place of the Palladium, for the goddess offended, which might expiate their horrid 
 
 nefas. Tamen Calchas jussit attollerehancimmensam molem 
 
 crime. But Calchas has ordered thtm to build this immense structure 
 
 textis roboribus, que educere crelo; ne ppssit recipi 
 
 with compacted timbjrs, and to raise it to heaven thai it may not be received 
 
 portis, aut duci in moenia; neu tueri populum sub 
 
 in the gates, or be drawn within the walls; nor protect the people under 
 
 antiquS. religione. Nam si vestra manus violds- 
 
 their ancient religion. For he told them if your hand should have 
 
 set dona Minervse; turn magnum exitium futurum 
 
 violated the gifts of Minerva; then great destruction should be to the 
 
 imperio Priami que Phrygibus; (quod omen Dii prius 
 
 empire of Priam and the Trojans; (which omen may the gods sooner 
 
 convertant in ipsum) sin ascendisset in vestram 
 
 turn on himself) but if it should have ascended into your 
 
 urbom, vestris manibus, Asiam, ultro venturam magno 
 
 city, by your hands, that Asia, willingly would come with a great 
 
 bello ad Pelopeia mo3nia et ea fata manere nostros nepotes. 
 
 war to the Pelopeian walls and those fatps await our descendants. 
 
 Talibus insidiis, que arte perjuri Sinonis, res credits 
 
 By such wiles, and the artifice of perjured Si non, the thing believed
 
 45 197 
 
 quos neque Tydides nee Larissaeus Achilles, 
 
 .*nd we whom neither Diomede nor Larisssan Achilles, has subdued. 
 
 quos decem anni non domuere mille carinse non 
 
 whom ten years have not subdued whom a thousand ships have not 
 
 capti dolls que coactis lachrymis. 
 
 ttuldued,have been deceived by his frauds and forced tears. 
 
 Hie aliud majus que multo magis tremendum 
 
 , Here another greater prodigy and much more to be dreaded 
 
 objicitur miseris, atque turbat improvida 
 
 is presented to us unhappy, and disorders our improvident 
 
 pectora. Laocoon, sorte ductus sacerdos Neptuno mac- 
 minds. Laocoon, by lot chosen a priest for Neptune, was sacri 
 
 tabat ingentem taurum ad solennes aras. Autem ecce! 
 
 ficing a huge bull at the appointed altars. But lo 
 
 gemini angues, a Tenedo per tranquilla alta, 
 
 two serpents, from Tenedos coming over the tranquil seas. 
 
 (horresco referens,) incumbunt pelago immensis orbibus, 
 
 (I shudder while relating,) press upon the sea with their immense folds, 
 
 que pariter, tendunt ad litora; quorum pectora arrecta 
 
 and together, stretch to the shore; whose breasts are elevated 
 
 inter fluctus, que sanguinea? jubae exsuperant un- 
 
 among the waves, and their bloody crests rise above the bil- 
 
 das: caetera pars legit pontum pone que sinuat 
 
 lows: the other part of each sweeps the sea behind and winds 
 
 immensa terga volumine. Sonitus fit sale spumante: 
 
 their huge backs in folds. A sound is made the sea.' foaming; 
 
 jarnque tenebant arva, que suffecti ardentes 
 
 and now they reached the _ fields, and spotted as to their glaring 
 
 oculos sanguine et igni lambebant sibila ora vi- 
 
 eyes with blood and fire they licked their hissing mouths with 
 
 brantibus linguis. Exsangues diffugimus visu; illi 
 
 quivering tongues. Pale toitk fear we fly at the sight; they 
 
 petunt Laocoonta, certo agmine: et primum uterque serpens, 
 
 seek Laocoon, in a direct course: and at first each serpent, 
 
 amplexus, implicat parva corpora duorum natorum, et 
 
 embracing, ; wines around the little bodies of his two sons, and 
 
 depascitur miseros arius morsu. Post, corripiunt 
 
 feeds upon their wretched limbs with their fangs. Afterwards, they seize 
 
 ipsum subeuntem auxilio, ac ferentem tela, que 
 
 Laocoon himself coming to their assistance, and bringing arms, and' 
 
 ligant ingentibus spiris; et jam bis amplexi 
 
 they bind Aim with their vast folds; and now twice embracing. h\3 
 
 medium, bis circum dati collo squamea terga 
 
 middle, twice they are wound around his neck as to their scaly backs 
 
 superant capite et altis cervicibus. Ille 
 
 they elevate themselves above Aim with their heads and lofty necks. He at 
 
 simul tendit divellere nodos manibus, perfusus 
 
 the same time endeavours to force apart the folds with his hands, being stained
 
 40 221 
 
 vittas same que atro veneno: simul tollit horrcndos 
 
 as to hii fillMis with gore and black poison: at the same time he raises ImrriiJ 
 
 clamorcs ad sidera; mugitus quales taurus cum saucius, 
 
 Frrr.-iim to the star?; suck bollowings as the bull raises when wounded, 
 
 fugit aram, et excussit ccrvice incertam securim. 
 
 he has escaped the altar, and has shaken off from A;s neck the erring axe. 
 
 At gemini dracones, lapsu effugiunt ad summa delubra. 
 
 But the two pcrpents, by gliding escape to the lofty temples, 
 
 que petunt arcem ssevae Tritonidis; que teguntur sub 
 
 and seek the shrine of stern Minerva; and arc concealed under 
 
 pedibus Dese que sub orbe clypei. Turn, verd 
 
 the feel of the Goddess and under the orb of her shield. Then, indctd, 
 
 novus pavor insinuat cunctis, per tremefacta pectora, et 
 
 new Icar insinuates itself into all, through their affrighted hearts, and 
 
 ferunt Laocoonta merentem, expendisse scelus; qui 
 
 they declare Laoc.oon deserving it, to have suffered punUhment;, who may 
 
 Jaeserit sacrum robur cuspide et intorserit sceleratam 
 
 have injured the sacred wood with the point of his spear and hurled his impiou* 
 
 hastam tergo. Conclamant simulacrum ducendum ad 
 
 spear against t(j side. They cry out for the statue to be drawn loitsprnper 
 
 sedesque numina Divje oranda. Dividimus muros, 
 
 seat and the divinity of the Goddess to he implored. We break down the wall:), 
 
 et pandimus mcenia urbis. Omnes accingunt 
 
 and lay open the fortifications of the city. All apply thcmsrlcrt 
 
 operi: que subjiciunt pedibus lapsus rotarum, et 
 
 to the work: and they place under its feet the rolling of wheels, and 
 
 tntendunt stupea vincula collo: fatalis machina, fceta armis, 
 
 fasten hempen cords to its neck: the fatal machine, pregnant with arms, 
 
 scandit murcfs: pueri que innuptae puellae circum canunt 
 
 mounts the wall.: boys and unmarried virgins around sing 
 
 sacra que gaudent contingere funem manu. Illasubit, 
 
 iacrcd hymns and delight to touch the rope with their hand. That advances. 
 
 que minans illabitur mediae urbi. O patria, Ilium, 
 
 and menacing glides to the middle of the city. O my country, O Ilium. 
 
 domus Divum que mcenia Dardanidum inclyta belled 
 
 habitation of the gods and ye walls of the Trojans renowned in war! 
 
 Quater substitit in ipso limine portae atque arma 
 
 Four times it has stopped on the very threshold of the gate and the arms 
 
 quater dedere sonitum utero. Tamen instamus imme- 
 
 four times have sent forth a sound from it* womb. Yet we press on uninind. 
 
 mores que caeci furore, et sistimus infelix monstrum 
 
 ful and blinded with zeal, and we' place the fatal monster 
 
 sacrati arce. Tune, etiam, Cassandra non unquam credita 
 
 in the sacred tower. Then, also, Cassandra not ever believed 
 
 Teucris, aperit ora futuris fatis jussu 
 
 by the Trojans, opens her month to our approaching fates by the command of the 
 
 Dei. Nos miseri, q'uibus ille dies esset ultimus, velamus 
 
 goo. We unhappy to whom that day would be our last. deck
 
 47 219 
 
 delubra DeQm festa" fronde per urbem. Interea 
 
 Ihe temples of the gods with the festival bough throughout the city. Meanwhile 
 
 coelum vertitur et nox ruit Oceano, involvens magnS 
 
 the heaven is rolled round and night rushes from the ocean, involving in her vast 
 
 umbra que terram que polum que doles Myrmidonum. 
 
 fhade, both the earth and the sky and the wiles of the Grcpks. 
 
 Teucri fusi per mcenia conticuere: sopor compleciilur 
 
 The Trojans scattered through the city have been silent: sleep embraces 
 
 fessos artus. Etjam Argiva Phalanx ibat instructs 
 
 their weary limbs. And now the Grecian Phalanx went in their equippe 
 
 navibus a Tenedo, petens nota litora por arnica silentia 
 
 ships from Tenedos, seeking the known shores by thj friendly silence 
 
 tacilae lunae: cum regia puppis extulerat flarnmas; que 
 
 of the silent moon: when the royal ship had displayed the flames; and 
 
 Sinon defensus iniquis fatis Deum, furl'm laxat pinea 
 
 Sinon protracted by the hostile decrees of the gods, secretly unlocks the piny 
 
 claustra et Danaos inclusos utero: equus pate.lictus reddit 
 
 prisons and the Greeks shut up in the belly: -the horse opened returns 
 
 illos ad auras; Tisandrus que Sthenelus duces et cirus Ulys- 
 
 them to the air; Tisandrus and Sthenelus chiefs and a\reful l.'lys- 
 
 ses laeti promunt se cavo robore, lapsi pet 
 
 ses joyful bring forth themselves from the hollow wood, sliding t'.own by 
 
 funem demissum, que Athamas, que Thoas que Neoptclemus 
 
 a rope let down; and Athamas, and Thoas and Neoptolenus 
 
 Pelides, que Machaon primus et Menelaus et Epeiiz 
 
 grandson of Pefeus, and Machaon first and Menelaus and Tpeu* 
 
 ipse fabricator doli. 
 
 himself the architect of the fraud. 
 
 Invadunt urbem sepultam somno que vino: vigilec 
 
 They attack the city buried in sleep and w:ne: the senme. 
 
 coeduntur; que accipiunt omnes socios portis patentibus 
 
 are killed; and they admit all their associates by the gates opened 
 
 atque jungunt conscia agmina Erat tempus " quo prim? 
 
 and join the conscious bands. It was the time in which the firs 
 
 quies incipit segris mortalibus, et serpit gratissima 
 
 rest begins to wearied mortals, and spreads over them most gratefu 
 
 dono Divum. Ecce Hector mcestissimus visus 
 
 by the favor of the gods. Lo Hector most mournful has seeincc 
 
 adesse mihi ante oculos, in somnis, que effundere largos 
 
 to be present to me before my eyes, in my slumbers, and to shed many 
 
 fletus, raptatus bigis ut quondam que ater cruento pulvere, 
 
 tears, dragged by the chariot as formerly and black with gory ' dust, 
 
 que trajectus lorn per tumentes pedes. Hei mihi, 
 
 and piercod as to thongs through his swelling feet. Alas me, 
 
 qualis erat! Quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore qui redit 
 
 such he was! How much changed from that Hector who returned 
 
 indutus exuvias Achillis, vel jaculatus' Phrygios ignes 
 
 clothed in the spoils of Achilles, or mho darted Phrygian flames into ttte
 
 48 276 
 
 puppibus Danafim' gerens squalentem barbam et crines 
 
 ships of the Greeks' wearing a squalid bcurd and Aw hair 
 
 concretes sanguine, que ilia vulnera quae plurima accepit 
 
 dotted with blood, and those wounds which very ninny he has received 
 
 circum patrios muros: flens ipse videbar ultro compellare 
 
 around /u'j native walls: weeping I myself seemed willingly to addrect 
 
 virum, et expromere mcestas voces: lux Dardaniae! 
 
 the hern, and to utter these mournful words: O light of Troy! 
 
 O fidissima spes Teucrum! quae tantae morse tenuere? 
 
 O most trusty hupe of the Tmjans 1 what s6 great obstacles have delayed ytut 
 
 Hector expectate, ab quibus ons venis? ut defessi 
 
 Hector earnestly longed for from what shores do you come? that wearied 
 
 aspicimuste postmulta funera tuorum, post varios labores 
 
 we behold thee after many deaths of thy friends, after various toils 
 
 que hommum que urbis? qute indigna causa fcedavit 
 
 both of men and of the city? what unworthy cause has deformed My 
 
 serenos vultus? aut cur cerno hsec vulnera? Hie nihil: 
 
 serene looks? or why do I see these wounds? He said nothing: 
 
 nec moratui me querentem vana: sed graviter ducens 
 
 nor detains rae inquiring vain things: but heavily drawing 
 
 gemitus de imo pectore, ait: nate Ded heu! fuge, que 
 
 groans from the bottom of Ais breast, says, goddcs-born, ah! fly, and 
 
 eripe te his flammis. Hostis habet muros; Troja 
 
 snatch thyself from these flames. The enemy possesses the walls; Troy 
 
 ruit ab alto culmine; sat datum patriae que 
 
 tumbles down from her lofty top; enough has been given to my country and 
 
 Priamo: si Pergama possen^ defendi, dextra", 
 
 to Priam* if Troy might be able to be defended, by any right hand 
 
 fuissent defensa hdc. Troja commendat tihi sa 
 
 it would have been defended by this. Troy commends to thee her sa 
 
 era que suos Penates, cape hos comites fatorurn: quoerf 
 
 cred things and her own gods, take these companions of (Ay fates: search 
 
 "moenia his quse magna denique statues ponto 
 
 out a city for these which great Anally you shall build the ocean being 
 
 pererrato. Sic ait, et effort manibus vittas, quo 
 
 wandered over. Thus he says, and brings forth with his hands the fillets, and 
 
 potentem Vestam, que oeternum ignem penetralibus adytis. 
 
 powerful Vesta, and the eternal fire from the inmost shrines. 
 
 Interea moenia miscentur vario liictu; et sonitus 
 
 In the mean time the city is confused with various mourning; and the sounds 
 
 clarescunt magis et magis, que horror armorum ingruit, 
 
 grow clear more and more, and the clashing of arms increases 
 
 quamquam domus parentis Anchisse secreta que recessit 
 
 although the house of my parent Anchises was private and was retired 
 
 obtecta arboribus. Excutior somno, et ascensu supero 
 
 surrounded by trees. I am roused from sleep, and by climbing op I ascend 
 
 fastigia summi tecti, atque asto arrectis auribus. Veluti 
 
 the tops of the highest roof, and stand with listening eari. A
 
 49 304 
 
 cfim flamma incidit in segetem, Austris furentibus; 
 
 when a flame bath fallen among the standing corn, the south winds raging; 
 
 aut rapidus torrens. montano flumine sternit agros, sternit 
 
 or a rapid torrent with its mountain flood lays waste the fields 'ays waste 
 
 laeta sata, que labores bourn, que trahit sylvas 
 
 the abundant crops of corn, and the labors pf the oxen, and draws atcay the woods 
 
 pracipites: pastor stupet inscius, accipens sonitum 
 
 precipitate: the shepherd is amazed ignorant of the cause, bearing the roaring 
 
 de alto vertice saxi. Turn vero fides manifesta, que 
 
 from the lofty summit of a rock. Then indeed the truth is manifest, and 
 
 insidiae. Danafim patescunt; jam ampla domus Deiphobi 
 
 the wiles of the Greeks are apparent; now the spacious house of Deiphobus 
 
 dedit ruinam, Vulcano superante: jam, Ucalegon 
 
 has formed a ruin, the fire overpowering it 'now, Ucalegon 
 
 proximus ardet: lata Sigea freta relucent igni. Que 
 
 next blazes: the wide Sigean streights shine with the flame. And 
 
 clamor virum exoritur, que clangor tubarum. Amens capio 
 
 the shout of men arises, and the sound of trumpets. Frantic I seize 
 
 arma, nee sat rationis in armis: animi ardent 
 
 my arms, nor was there enough of reason in arms: my passions are ardent 
 
 glomerare manum bello, et concurrere in arcem cum 
 
 to collect a band for the war, and to rush into the citadel with 
 
 sociis, furor que ira praecipitant mentem que succurrh 
 
 my associates, fury and rage hurry on my mind and it occur 
 
 pulchrum .mori in armis. Autem ecce 
 
 to me, that it is glorious to die in arms. But lo 
 
 Pantheus elapsus telis Achivfim, Pantheus 
 
 Pantheus escaping from the weapons of" the Greeks, Pantheus 
 
 Otriades, sacerdos arcis que Phcebi, ipse * trahit 
 
 the son of Otreus, priest of ihe tower and of Apollo, himself draws along 
 
 sacra que victos Deos que parvum nepotem 
 
 thesacred utensils and his conquered gods and his little grandson with 
 
 manu. queamens tenditad limina cursu: Pantheu, in quo 
 
 his hand; and frantic makes to my gates in his course: O Pantheuo, in what 
 
 loco summa res? quam arcem prendimus? Vix fatus 
 
 state are our highest concern? what fortress do we seize? Scarcely bad 
 
 eram ea cum reddit talia gemitu: summa dies 
 
 J spoken those word* when he returns such things with a groan: our last day 
 
 venit, et ineluctabile tempus Dardanize: fuimus Troes, 
 
 has come, and the unavoidable period of Troy: we have been Trojans, 
 
 Ilium fuit et ingens gloria Teucrorum; ferus Jupiter 
 
 Itium has been and the great glory of the Trojans; cruel Jupixpf, 
 
 transtulit omnia Argos; Danai dominantur in urbe 
 
 has transferred all things to Argos; the Greeks govern in tlie city 
 
 incensS. Arduus equus astans in mediis mcenibus fundit 
 
 fired. The towering horse standing in the middle of the city pours forth' 
 
 armatos, que victor Sinon insultans miscet incendia: 
 
 the armed men, and the conqueror Sinon insulting scatters the flames
 
 50 331 
 
 alii adsunt portis bipatentibus, millia quot 
 
 others are present at the gates open on both sides, so many thousands as 
 
 nunquam venire magnis Mycenis. Alii pppositi obsc- 
 
 ncver have come from great Mycenx. Others opposed to us bave be- 
 
 deYe angusta viarum tclis: acies ferri slat 
 
 sieged the narrow passages of the streets with arms: the edge of the sword stands 
 
 stricta corrusco mucrone, parata neci: primi vigilcs 
 
 drawn with its glittering point, prepared for slaughter: the first guurd* 
 
 portarum vix tentant prcelia, et resistant czeco . marte 
 
 of the gates scarcely try the fight, and resist in the blind encounter. 
 
 Talibus dictis Otriadre et numine Divfim, feror in 
 
 With such words of Panthcus and by the will of tin: gods, I am carried among 
 
 flammas et in arma, quo tristis Erinnys, quo fremiius 
 
 flames and among arms, whither the direful Fury, whither the tumult 
 
 et clamor sublatus ad acthera vocat. Ripheus et Iphitus 
 
 and uproar raised to the skies calls me. Ripheus and Iplntua 
 
 maximus annis, que Hypanis que Dymas oblati per 
 
 eldest in years, and Hypanis and Dymas brought together by th 
 
 lunam addunt se socios; et agglomerant nostro 
 
 light of the moon join themselves as confederates and adhere to our 
 
 lateri; que juvenis Choroebus Mygdonides, forte venerat 
 
 side; and the ynuiji Chorccbus son of Mygdon, who by chanc.p iiad come 
 
 illis diebus ad Trojam incensus insano am ore Cassandra; 
 
 in those days to Troy inflamed with a violent passion for Cassandra; 
 
 que gener ferebat auxilium Priamo que Phrygibus: infclix 
 
 and son-in-law brought assistance to Priam and the Trojans: unfortunate 
 
 qui non audierat precepta furentis sponsse. Quos con- 
 
 \vho had not regarded the precepts of his prophetic spouse. Whom closely 
 
 fertos, ubi vidi audere in praelia, super his incipio: 
 
 anited, when I saw to have courage for the flight, upon these things 1 begin 
 
 Juvenes, pectora fojtissima frustra; si certa cupido estvobis 
 
 O youths, hearts most valiant in vain; if a fixed resolution is to you 
 
 sequi audentem extrema; videtis quae fortuna sit 
 
 to fallow me daring the most extreme things: you see what fortune may be to 
 
 rebus. Omnes Di quibus hoc imperium steterat exces- 
 
 our affairs. All the gods by whom this empire has siood have de- 
 
 sere adytis que aris relictis: succurritis urbi incensae: 
 
 parted from their shrines and altars abandoned: you aid a city in flames: 
 
 moriamur, et ruamus in media arma. Una salus 
 
 let us die, and let us rush into the midst of arms. The only safety to the 
 
 victis sperare nullam salutem. Sic furor additus animis 
 
 conquered is to hope for no safety. Thus phrenzy is added to the minds 
 
 juvenum. Inde ceu raptores lupi in atra 1 nebuld, quos 
 
 of the youth. Then as the ravenous wolves in a dark fog, whom the 
 
 improba rabies ventris exegit coecos, quosque catuli 
 
 fierce hunger of the belly has driven blind to. danger, and whom the whelps 
 
 relicti expectant siccis faucibus: vadiraus per tela pei 
 
 left behind wait for with parched jaws: we march through arms, through
 
 51 360 
 
 hostes m mortem baud dubiam, que tenemus iter mediae 
 
 enemies to death not uncertain, and we bold the way of the middle 
 
 urbis: atra nox circumvolat cava umbra. Quis 
 
 f the city: gloomy night hovers around us with its hollow shade. Who can 
 
 explicet clademilliusnoctis, quis fando funera, aut 
 
 describe the slaughter of that night, who by relating can describe the deaths, or 
 
 possit square labores lachrymis? Antiqua urbs dominata 
 
 can equal our disasters with Ins tears? An ancient city having governed 
 
 per multos annos ruit: que plurima inertia corpora 
 
 for many years is demolished: and many feeble bodies 
 
 slernuntur passim per vias, que per domos et 
 
 ere slain every where through the streets, and through their houses and 
 
 religiosa limina Deorum. Nee Teucri soli dant pcrnas 
 
 the sacred temples of the gods. Nor do the Trojans alone suffer punishment 
 
 sanguine: quondam virtus redit in praecordia etiam 
 
 with their blood; at times courage returns into the hearts also to the 
 
 victis, que victores Danai cadunt: ubique crudelif 
 
 ronquered, and the victorious Greeks fall: every where there is cruel 
 
 luctus, ubique pavor et plurima imago mortis. 
 
 Borrow, every where fear and very many a form of death. 
 
 Androgeos, magna caterva comitante primus offer! se 
 
 Androgeos, a great crowd accompanying him, first offers himself 
 
 nobis inscius, credens agmina socia: atque ultro 
 
 lo iis ignorant of the. affair, believing our troops to be friendly: and voluntarily 
 
 compellat amicis verbis: festinate viri: nam quse segnities 
 
 addresses us with friendly words: haste men: for what sloth 
 
 tam sera moratur? alii rapiuntque ferunt incensaPergama: 
 
 so late detains you? others ravage and bear away inflamed Troy: 
 
 vos nunc primum itis celsis navibus? dixit: et extemplo 
 
 do you now first come from the lofty ships? he has said: and quickly 
 
 sensit delapsus in medios hostes, enim neque satis 
 
 has perceived that he had fallen into the midst of enemies, for neither sufficiently 
 
 fida responsa dabantur. Obstupuit que retro repressit 
 
 friendly answers were givnn. He has been astonished and backward has checked 
 
 pedem cum voce. Veluti qui nitens humi pressit 
 
 his step with //:'.> voice. As one who walking on the ground hath pressed 
 
 anguem improvisum aspris sentibus, que trepidus repente 
 
 a snake unexpected from the rough thorns, and trembling suddenly 
 
 refugit attollentem iras et tumentem coerulacolla 
 
 katli escaped Aim raising his wrath and swelling as to his azure neck. 
 
 Hand secus, Androgeos tremefactus visu abibat. Irruimus 
 
 Just so, Androgeos affrighted at the sight departed. We rush on 
 
 et circumfundimur densis armis, que passim sternimus 
 
 and we are surrounded by thick arms, and every where we overthrow them 
 
 ignaros loci et captos formidine: fortuna aspirat primo 
 
 ignorant of the place and taken with fear: fortune favors our Ant 
 
 labori. Atque hie Chorcebus exultans successu que animis 
 
 undertaking. Ana here Choroebui exulting with success and courage
 
 52 387 
 
 inquit, O socii qua fortuna pnma monstrat Her salutis, 
 
 says, O companion* where fortune tint points out the way of auCuiy. 
 
 quaque ostendit se dextra sequamur. Mutcinus clypeos 
 
 and where she shows herself propitious let us follow. Let us change Kliu-Uli 
 
 que aptemus nobis insignia Danaflm: quis requirat m hoste, 
 
 nd fit to us the armor of the Greeks: who asks in an enemy, 
 
 an doles an virtus? ipsi dabunt arma. Sic iatua 
 
 wtiellwr there' be fraud or courage? they themselves shall Airmail arms Thus 
 
 dcinde. induitur comantem galeam Androgei que decorum 
 
 having said then he is clad with the waving helmet of Aiidrugco* uinl tin- lii-auiiful 
 
 insigne clypei, que accommodat lateri Argivumensem. 
 
 impress of hit shield, and fits to his side a Grecian sword. 
 
 Ripheus hoc, Dymas ipse hoc, que omnis juvenlua 
 
 Riphcus dot* this, Dymas himself does this, and every )oulli 
 
 Iseta facit: quisque armat se recentibus spoil is. 
 
 pleased does thif every one arms himself with recent spoils. 
 
 Vadimus immixti Danais baud nostro numine: que 
 
 We inarch on mingled with the Greeks not with our god: and 
 
 congressi conserimus multa praelia per caecam noctem 
 
 encountering we wage many tights during the dark ni^ht. 
 
 demittiinus multos Danaum Oreo. Alii difTugiunt ad 
 
 we send down many of the Greeks to the gods below. Others fly to the 
 
 naves et cursu petunt fida littora: pars rursus scandunt 
 
 ships and in their flight seek the faithful shores: a port apain ascend 
 
 ingentem equum turpi formidine et conduntur in nota 
 
 the vast horse from base fear and arc cmio-ultd in (Ac known 
 
 alvo. Heu! nihilfasqiienquam fidere Divis, 
 
 belly. Alas! it is not right that any one should trust in nny thing, the goiln 
 
 invitis. Ecce Cassandra virgo Priameia trahebatur 
 
 being against him. Lo Cassandra the virgin daughter of Priam was dragged 
 
 crinibUs passis a templo que adytis MinervjE, frustra 
 
 with hair dishevelled from the temple and shrines of Minerva, in vain 
 
 tendens ardentia lumina ad coelum, lumina, nam vincula 
 
 raising her glaring eyes to heaven, her eyes, /say, for cord 
 
 aicebant teneras palmas. Choroebus furiata mente non 
 
 confined her tender hands. Chorcebus with his enraged mind has not 
 
 tulit hanc speciem et moriturus, injecit sese in medium 
 
 endured this spectacle and about to die, has thrown himself into the midst 
 
 agmen. Cuncti consequimur et incurrimus densis 
 
 of the band. Me all follow and rush on them with close 
 
 armis. Hie primum obruimur teJis nostrorum, ex 
 
 weapons. Here first we are overwhelmed by tlio darts of our frientlt, from the 
 
 alto culmine dclubri, et miserrima casdes oritur 
 
 levated roof of the temple. and a mot deplorable slaughter commences frono 
 
 facie armorum, et errore Graiarum jubarum. 
 
 the appearance of our arms, and the mistake of the Grecian pluiuof. 
 
 Turn Danai undique collect! invadunt gcmitu atque 
 
 Then the Greeks from all quarters assembled attack us through grief anil
 
 53 415 
 
 ira virginis ereptae: Ajax acerrimus, et gemini 
 
 resentment of the virgin rescued from them: Ajax most fierce, and tlie two 
 
 Atridce que omnis exercitus Dolopum. Ceu adversi 
 
 onsofAtreus and all the army of the Dolopes. As the adverse 
 
 venti, que Zephyrus que Notus et Eurus Icetus Eois 
 
 winds, both the west and the south and the east joyous with his eastern 
 
 equis, quondam confligunt turbine rupto; sylvse stridunt 
 
 Biuods, at limes contend a whirlwind having burst forth; the woods roar 
 
 que spumeus Nereus ssevit tridenti, atque ciet aequora 
 
 and foaming Nereus rages with Ms trident, and stirs up the seas from their 
 
 imo fundo. Illi etiam apparent si fudimus quos insidiis 
 
 lowest bottom. They also appear if we have routed any by stratagem 
 
 per umbram obscura nocte, que agitavimus tota urbe: 
 
 through the shade in the dusky night, and have driven over the whole city: 
 
 primi agnoscunt clypeos que mentita tela atque signant 
 
 &hcy first recognise the shields and the false weapons and mark 
 
 ora discordia sono. Ilicet obruimur numero, 
 
 our words differing in sound from theirs. Instantly we are overpowered by number, 
 
 que primus Chorcebus procumbit dextra Penilei ad aram 
 
 and first Chorcebus falls by the right hand of Penileus at the altar 
 
 armipotentis Divae: et Ripheus cadit unus qui fuit justissimus 
 
 of the warlike goddess: and Riplieus falls one who was most just 
 
 et servantissimus aequi in Teucris; visum aliter 
 
 and most observant of right among the Trojans; it has seemed otherwise to the 
 
 Dis. Que Hypanis que Dymas, confixi a sociis pereunt: 
 
 gods. Both Hypanis and Uymas, pierced by their friends perisn. 
 
 nec tua plurima pietas Pantheu nee infula Apollinis 
 
 nor thy very great pity O Pautbeus nor the fillet of Apollo 
 
 texit te labentem. 
 
 hath protected thee falling. 
 
 Cineres Illaci etextiema flamma meorum, tester 
 
 Ye ashes of Troy and last flame of my people, I call you to witness 
 
 vitavisse nec tela nec ullas vices Danaum in vestro 
 
 that I have shunned neither darts nor any attacks of the Greeks at your 
 
 occasu: et si fata fuissent lit caderem, meruisse 
 
 fall: and if the fates might have been that I should fall, / have deserved it by 
 
 mauu. Iphitus et Pelias mecum divellimur inde: 
 
 Mis hand. Iphitus and Pelias with myself are forced away from thence* 
 
 quorum Iphitus jam gravior aevo, et Pelias tardus, 
 
 of whom Iphitus now was more infirm with age and Pelias baiting by a 
 
 vulnere Ulyssei. Protinus vocati clamore ad sedes 
 
 wound of Ulysses. Forthwith we have been called by the outcry to the palace 
 
 Priami. Hie vero ingentem pugnam, ceu caetera bella 
 
 of Priam. Here indeed tee see a great fight, as if other batilei 
 
 forent nusquam, nulli morerentur ni . tota urbe: cemimus 
 
 rniiiht be 10 where, or as if none might be dying in the whole city: we behold 
 
 Mfutem sic indomitum, que Danaos ruentes ad tecta. que 
 
 Mars so ungoverned, and the Greeks rushing to the palace, and
 
 51 41 t 
 
 limon ohscssum testudine a<:ta. Scala; haerentpaiietibus, 
 
 the i;.itc bi-sii'gcd ilio testudu being rurnipil. Ladders arc fixed in Uio \valhi 
 
 que nituntur gradibus sub ipsos postes, que protect! 
 
 and they slrive lo ascend by Hie steps to the very door-posts, and protected 
 
 sinistris objiciunt clypeos ad tela, prensant fostigia 
 
 hy their left hands they oppose rAei'r shields to the darts, and grasp the roof* 
 
 dextris. Contra Dardanidac convullunt turres ac 
 
 with their right. On the other hand the Trojans tear down the turrets and 
 
 tecta culmina domorum; quando cernunt ultima 
 
 the covered tops of their houses; when they see their last cxtremit 
 
 parant defendere se his telis jam in extrem 
 
 they prepare to defend themselves with those weapons now in the la* 
 
 morte: que devolvunt auratas trabes alta decora 
 
 catastrophe: and they tumble down the gilded rafters the lofty decorations o/ (Act 
 
 veterum parentum: alii obsidere imas fores 
 
 ancient parents: others have possessed themselves of the lowest doors^ 
 
 strictis mucronibus: servant has denso agmine. Animi 
 
 withdrawn swords: they guard these in a close band. Our cournge 
 
 instaurati succurrere tectis regis, que levare vires 
 
 Aos been renewed to succor the palaces of the king, and to relieve the nicii 
 
 auxilio, que addere vim victis. Erat limenque 
 
 with our aid, and to give vigor to the conquered. There WHS an entrance and 
 
 caecae fores et pervius usus tectorum Priami inter se, 
 
 private doors and a passable use of the palaces of Priam between each other. 
 
 que postes relicti a tergo: qua infelix Andromache inco- 
 
 and gates left from behind: by which unhappy Andromache unat- 
 
 mitata saepius solebat ferre se ad soceros dum 
 
 tended often was wont to bring herself to her parents in law, whilst 
 
 regna manebant et trahebat puerum Astyanacta ad avo. 
 
 the kingdom remained and she drew the boy Astyannx lo Ais grand- 
 
 Evado ad fastigia summi culminis unde miseri 
 
 sire. I ascend to the top of the highest roof from whence the wretched 
 
 Teucri jactabant irrita tela manu Circum aggressi 
 
 Trojans were casting unavailing darts with their hand. We around assaulting 
 
 ferro turrim stantem in praecipiti que eductam sub 
 
 with the sword a turret standing on a precipice and b:iilt up to 
 
 astra summis tectis, unde omnis Troja, et naves 
 
 the stars with its highest roofs, from whence all Troy, and the ships 
 
 DanaOm solitse videri, et Achaica castra, qua summa 
 
 of the Greeks were wont to be seen, and the Grecian camps, where the highest 
 
 tabulata dabant juncturas labantes, convellimus altis 
 
 stories gave joints giving way, we have torn it from its lofty 
 
 sedibus que impulimus ea repente lapsa trahit ruinam 
 
 'ounrlatiuns and pushed it forward, that suddenly falling draws destruction 
 
 cum somtu et late incidit supra agmina Danaftm; 
 
 with a sound and far and wide hath fallen upon the troops of the Greek*; 
 
 ast alii subeunt; nee saxa nee ullum genus telorum cessat, 
 
 Imt others succeed; nor rocks nor any kind of weapons ceases.
 
 55 468 
 
 iritcrea. Ante vestibulum ipsumque in primo limine, 
 
 in tin; moan tune. Before the entrance itself and in the first gate, 
 
 Pyrrhus exsultat corruscus telis et ahena luce. Qualis ubi 
 
 Pyrrhus exults glittering in arm*and brazen light. As when 
 
 coluber, pastus mala gramina, in lucem; quern 
 
 a snake, having fed on noxious herbs, comes forth to the light; whom 
 
 tumidum frigida bruma tegebat sub terra, nunc novusexuviis 
 
 swollen cold winter hid under the earth, now renewed his skin 
 
 positis que nitidus juventa convolvit lubrica terga, pectore 
 
 being cast and sleek with youth he rolls his slippery back, with breast 
 
 sublato arduus ad solem, et micat trisulcis linguis 
 
 raised up lofty towards the sun, and vibrates with a three-forked toiiguu 
 
 ore. Una ingens Periphas, et armiger Auto- 
 
 from his mouth. At the same time huge Periphas, and the armor-bearer Auto- 
 
 medon agitator equorum Achillis, una omnis Scyria 
 
 medon the driver of the horses'of Achilles, at the same time all the Scyrian 
 
 pubes succedunt tecto, et jactant flammasad culmina. Ipse 
 
 youth come up to the palace, and toss flames to the roofs. He 
 
 inter primes, bipenni correptd peruinpit dura limina que 
 
 among the first, a battle axe being seized breaks down the hard gates, and 
 
 vellit sratos postes a cardine; jamque cavavit firma 
 
 tears the brazen posts from the hinge and now lias pierced through the firm 
 
 robora, trabe excisa et dedit ingentem fenestram lato 
 
 wood, the bar being cut off and made a great gap with a wide 
 
 ore. Domus intus apparet et longa atria patescunt; 
 
 mouth. The palace within appears and the long galleries are open to ciejo; 
 
 penetralia Priami et veterum regum apparent, que 
 
 the private recesses of Priam and of the ancient kings appear, and 
 
 vident armatos stantes in primo limine. At interior 
 
 they see the armed guards standing on the first threshold. But the interior part 
 
 domus miscetur gemitu que misero tumultu: que cavse 
 
 of the house is confused with groans and a miserable tumult: and the arched 
 
 aides ululant fcemineis plangoribus: clamor ferit aurea sidera. 
 
 chambers ring with female shrieks: the noise strikes the golden stars. 
 
 Turn pavid& matres errant ingentibus tectis que 
 
 Then the trembling mothers wander through the spacious apartments and 
 
 amplexae tenent postes, atque figunt oscula. Pyrrhus 
 
 embracing hold fast the door posts, and fix their lips to them. Pyrrhus 
 
 instat patna vi; nee claustra neque custodes ipsi 
 
 pro' 1 ?- s on with Ais father's violence; nor bars nor the guards them- 
 
 valent sufFere: janua labat crebo 
 
 selves are able to sustain Tiis attacks; the gate gives way by the frequent strokes of 
 
 ariete, et postes emoti cardine procurrrbunt. Via fit 
 
 ihc ram. and the gate? removed from the hinge fall. A way is innde 
 
 vii rumpunt aditus, que Danai imrnissi truciaani 
 
 ny violence: they force the passages, and the GreekT let in massacre 
 
 primes, et late complept loca milite. Amnis cum 
 
 the first, and around fit tlio places with soldiery. A river when if hath
 
 56 496 
 
 exiit spumeus aggeribus ruptis, que evicit ^<jositas 
 
 rushed forth foaming its banks being broken, and hath overcome' .ne opposing 
 
 moles gurgite, non fertur in arva sic furcns 
 
 mounds with its whirling current, is not borne into the field, so fur.ouk 
 
 cumulo que trahit armenta cum stabulisperomnescampos. 
 
 wuhifo- flood and swteps away the herds with their stalls over all the plains. 
 
 Ipse vidi Neoptolemum furentem caede, que geminoa 
 
 1 myself have seen Neopotolemus raging with slaughter, and the two sons 
 
 Atridas in limine: vidi Hecubam que centum nurus, 
 
 of Atreus in the gate: I have seen Hecuba and her hundred daughters-in-law, 
 
 que Priamum per aras foedantem sanguine ignes quos 
 
 and Priam by the altars defiling with his blood the tires which 
 
 ipse sacraverat. Illi quinquaginta thalami tanta 
 
 he himself had consecrated. Those fifty bed chambers the so great 
 
 epes nepotum, superbi postes % Barbarico auro que 
 
 hope of descendants, thost stately pillars decorated with foreign gold and 
 
 epoliis, procubuere: Danai tenent qua* ignis deficit. For- 
 
 poilg, have fallen: the Greeks occupy where the fire abates. Per- 
 
 sitan, et, requires, quae fuerint fata Priami. Ubi 
 
 haps, also, you may require, what may have been the fates of Priam. \Yhen 
 
 vidit casum captae urbis que limina tectorum con- 
 
 he saw the destruction of the captured city and the gates of his palace broken 
 
 vulsa, et hostem medium, in penetralibus; senior 
 
 down, and the enemy tn the midst, in his private apartments; the aged kirtf 
 
 nequicquam circumdat, humeris trementibus sevo, arma 
 
 in vain putson, his shoulders trembling with age, his arms 
 
 diu desueta et inutile ferrum cingitur ac moriturus, 
 
 fora long time disused and his useless sword is girt on and ready to dio, 
 
 fertur in densos hostes. In mediis sedibus que sub 
 
 is borne among his thick enemies. In the middle of_the courts and under 
 
 nudo axe setheris, fuit ingens ara, que juxtd veterrima 
 
 the naked axle of heaven, has been a great altar, and near a very ancient 
 
 laurus, incumbens arec atque complexa Penates 
 
 laurel, overhanging the altar and embracing the household' gods with iu 
 
 umbra\ Hie Hecuba et natae nequicquam condensae 
 
 fchudc. Here Hecuba and her daughters in vain are crowded 
 
 circum altaria ceu columbae prancipites atr& tempestate. 
 
 wound the altars as pigeons flying in haste from adark tempest. 
 
 et amplexa? tenebant simulacra Divfim. Autemut vidit 
 
 and embracing held fast the statutes of the gods. But as soon assAchap srrn 
 
 JViamum ip um juvenilibus armis snmptis inquit miser- 
 Priam himself youthful arms being assumed, she says, O moot 
 
 rime conjux, quae tarn dira mens impulit cingi 
 
 onhappy spouse, what BO direful a purpose hath forced you to be arrayed 
 
 his telis? aut quo ruis? Tempus eget non tali auxilio, 
 
 In thcn arms? or whither do you rush? The time needs not such aid. 
 
 nec istis defensoribus, non si meus Hector ipse nunc 
 
 Dr trwcr deTenders. not if my Hector himself now
 
 57 523 
 
 afForet. Tandem concede hue; haec ara tuebitur omnes 
 
 might be present. At length retire hither: this altar shall protect all 
 
 aut moriere simul. . Sic effata recepit ad 
 
 or you will die at the same tim<> with us. Thus having said she has taken hint to 
 
 sese, et locavit longasvum in sacratasedc. Autem ecce 
 
 herself, anil has placed the uged monarch on the sacred seat. But In 
 
 Polites unus natorum Priami, elapsus de csede of Pyrrhi, 
 
 Polites one of the sons of Priam, escaped from the slaughter Pyrrhus, 
 
 fugit longis porticibus, per tela, per hostes, et saucius 
 
 flies in the long galleries, through darts, through enemies, and \vninu!cd 
 
 lustrat vacua atria: Pyrrhus ardcns insequitur ilium 
 
 goes aruund the vacant courts: Pyrlms raging pursues him with a 
 
 infesto vulnere, jam jamque, tenet manu, et premit 
 
 Jiostile wound, now even now, grasps Aim with his hand, and presses on 
 
 liasta. Tandem ut evasit , i ante . oculos et ora 
 
 Aim with a spear. Al length as he has come before the eyes and faces of /u's 
 
 parentum, concidit et fudit vitam cum multo sanguine. 
 
 parents, he has fallen and poured forth his life with much cloud. 
 
 Hie Priamus, quanquam jam tenetur in media morte tamen 
 
 Here Priam, although now he is placed in the nadst of death yet 
 
 non abstinuil, nee pepercit voci que ine at exclamat, 
 
 he has not forborne, nor spared his voice and anger but he exclaims, 
 
 Di persolvant dignas grates et reddant tibi debita prsemia 
 
 may the gods make you suitable returns and render to you due rewards 
 
 pro scelerfe, pro talibus ausis, si est qua pietas caslo 
 
 for your wickedness, for such outrages, if there is any justice in heaven 
 
 quae curat talia, qui fecisti me coram cernere lethum 
 
 wliich regards such things, who hast made me ppenly to see the death of 
 
 nati, et fcedasti patrios vultus, funere. At Achilles ille 
 
 my son, and hast defiled a father's looks, with a corpse. But Achilles himself 
 
 a quo mentiris te satum fuit non talis in 
 
 from whom you falsely say that you was begotten has been not such toward* 
 
 Priamo hoste; sed erubuit jura quo fidem 
 
 Priam his enemy; but hi: has blushed at the laws of nations and the faith of a 
 
 supplicis; quereddidit exsangue corpus Hectoreum sepulchre, 
 
 suppliant, and has restored the lifeless body of Hector for the sepulchre, 
 
 que remisit me in mea rcgna. Senior fatus sic que 
 
 and has sent me back to xiy kingdoms. The aged king has spoken thus, and 
 
 conjecit imbelle tclum sine ictu; quod protinus repulsam 
 
 has thrown a ferble dart without force; which instantly has been repelled 
 
 rauco aere et pependit nequicquam summo umbone 
 
 'nj the hoarse brass and has hung without effect from the highest boss 
 
 clypei. Cui Pyrrhus: ergo referes hasc 
 
 f Aia- buckler. To xvhom Pyrrhus answered: therefore you shall carryback tUesc 
 
 et ibis nuncius genitori Pelidse: memento narrare 
 
 Cunn-.s and you shall go a messenger to my father Achilles: remember to tell him 
 
 mea tristia facta que degenercm Neoptolernum None 
 
 if my horrid dcuda and his degenerate Neoptolemus. Non
 
 86 550 
 
 morere. Dicens haec, traxit trementem ad ipsa 
 
 ili.-. Saying these things, he has drawn kirn trembling to the very 
 
 altaria, et lapsantera in multo sanguine nati; que laevS 
 
 altars, and (lipping in much blood of hit ton; and with his left 
 
 implicuit comam; que dextra" extulit coruscum 
 
 hand he has twisted his hair; and with his right hath drawn Aw glittering 
 
 ensem et abdidit lateritenuscapulo. Hose finis falorum 
 
 word and hath hid it in hu si k: up to the hilt. Tins teas the end or the fates 
 
 Priami: hie exitus tulit ilium sorte, videntem 
 
 of Priam: this death has carried him off by divine appointment, beholding 
 
 Trojara incensam et Pergama prolapsa, quondam 
 
 Troy burnt and the fortress of Troy fallen in ruins, once 
 
 superbum regnatorem tot populis que terris Asiae: jacet 
 
 the proud ruler over so many nations and countries of Asia: he lie* 
 
 ingens truncus litore, que caput avulsum humeris, et 
 
 a huge trunk on the shore, and Ais head torn from his shoulders, and 
 
 corpus sine nomine. 
 
 a body without a name. 
 
 At turn primum saevus horror circumstetit me: obstu 
 
 But' then first direful horror gathered around me: I was aston- 
 
 pui: imago cari genitoris subiit ut vidi regem 
 
 lulled, the image of my dear father occurred to my mind when I saw the king 
 
 aquaevum exhalant^m vitam crudeli vulnere: Creusa, 
 
 0f equal age breathing out his life by a cruel wound: Creusa, 
 
 dgserta subiit et domus direpta, et casus parvi 
 
 abandoned came to my mind, and my house plundered, and the danger of little 
 
 lull. Respicio et lustro quse copia sit circum me. Omnes 
 
 lulus. I look nbnut and I survey what force may be around me. All 
 
 defessi, deseruere et saltu misere grea corpora 
 
 wearied, have left me and by a spring have thrown their fainting bodies 
 
 ad terrain aut dedere ignibus. Que, adeo, jam supereram 
 
 to the earth or given tli -:i> to the flames. And, so, uow I remained 
 
 unus, cum aspicio Tyndarida, servantem limina Vcstae, et 
 
 alone, when I behold Helen, watching the temple of Vesta, and 
 
 tacitam latentem in secreta sede, clara incendia dant luceru 
 
 ilent lurking in a secret place, the bright flames give light 
 
 erranti que ferenti oculos passim per cuncta 
 
 to me wandering and moving my eyes every where over all 
 
 Ilia communis Erinnys Trojae et patrire, permpfuens 
 
 things. She the common fury of Troy and Arrcoiiiilry, dreading the 
 
 Teucros infestos sibi ob Pergama eversa, et poenas 
 
 Trojans hostile to her on account of Troy overthrown, and the punishments 
 
 Danaum, et iras deseiti conjugis abdidcrat sc, atque 
 
 of the Greeks, and the wrath of her rti/serted husband had hid twrsf.lt, and 
 
 invisa sedebat aris. Ignes exarsere animo; 
 
 detested was sittinir by the altars. Plumes have flashed in my mind; my resent- 
 
 ira subit ulcisci cadentem patriam et sumere sceleratas 
 
 mcnt rises to avenge my falling. country and to take exemplary
 
 59 577 
 
 pcenas. Hase sicilet incolumis aspiciet Spartam que 
 
 punishments. Shall she forsooth safe behold Sparta and her 
 
 patnas Mycenas, que ibit regina, triumpho parto? que 
 
 native Mycense, anil shall she go a queen, a triumph being obtained? unit 
 
 videbit que conjugium que domum patres que natos, 
 
 shall site sen both her husband aud her home, her fathers and children., 
 
 comitata turba Iliadum et Phrygus ministris? Priamus 
 
 attended by a train of Trojan matrons and by .Phrygian servants? shall Priair 
 
 occiderit ferro? Troja arserit igni? lius 
 
 have fallen by the sword? shall Troy have been consumed by tire? shall the shor 
 
 Dardanidum toties sudant sanguine? 
 
 of the Trojans so often have been wet with the blood? 
 
 Non ita: nam etsi estnullum memorabile nomen in femmeA 
 
 Not so: for although -there is no memorable name in female 
 
 pcena nee ista victoria habet laudem; tamen laudabor 
 
 punishment nor that victory has glory; yet I shall be praised 
 
 extinxisse nefas et sumpsisse pcenas 
 
 to have destroyed a monster of wickedness and to have taken punishment of one 
 
 merentis; que juvabit explesse animum flammn? 
 
 deserving it; and it shall delight me to have satisfied my desire of burning 
 
 ultricis, et satiasse cineres meorum. Jactabam 
 
 revenge, and to have satiated the ashes of my friends. I was throwing ow 
 
 taha, et ferebar furiata mente, cum alma 
 
 such words, and was hurried along by my enraged mind, when my kind 
 
 Parens non tarn clara oculis ante obtuht se mihi 
 
 Parent not so manifest to my eyes before has presented herself to me 
 
 videndam et refulsit in pura luce, confessa Deam, que 
 
 to be seen and has shown forth in clear light, manifesting the goddess, and 
 
 quahs et quanta solet videri coelicolis, que 
 
 such and as great as she is accustomed to be seen by the immortals, and 
 
 contmuit prehensum dextra, que insuper addidit 
 
 he has restrained me caught by the right hand, and besides she has added 
 
 haec roseo ore; nate, quis tantus dolor excitat 
 
 these icords from her rosy mouth; O son, what so great indignation excites 
 
 tuas mdomitas iras? quid funs? aut quonam cura tibi 
 
 your ungoverned wrath? why do you rage? or whither has the regard to thee 
 
 nostri recessit? Non prius aspicies ubi liqueris 
 
 of us departed? Will you not first see where you may have left your 
 
 parentem Anchisen fessum aetate? ne conjux Creusa 
 
 father Anchises helpless from age? whether your wife Creus* 
 
 superet que puer Ascanius? circum quos omnes Graia 
 
 may survive and the boy Ascanius? around whom all the Gieciar> 
 
 acies errant, undique, et fiamma jam 
 
 troops are roaming, on every side, and whom the flameti atreadj 
 
 tulerint et inimicus ensis hauserit bi mea 
 
 may have carried off and the hostile sword have uevoured unless mj 
 
 cura resistat. Non facies Lacaenae Tyndaridis invisa tibi ve 
 
 care interpose. Not the form of Lacedemonian Helen baleful to thee o
 
 60 60i 
 
 Paris culpatus: inclementia Divflm, Divum evertit 
 
 Parii blamed: but the cruelty of the Gods, of the Gods oveitlirowi 
 
 has opes, que sternit Trojam d culmiie. Aspicc: 
 
 bcM power*, and levels Troy from her summit. ^ Behold. 
 
 namque eripiam omnem nubem quae nunc obducta 
 
 for I will remove every cloud which now spread before you 
 
 hebetat mortales visus tibj tuenti et humida caligat circunv 
 
 dims the mortal sight to thee beholding and humid throws u mist around. 
 
 tu ne time qua jussa parentis neu recusa parere 
 
 do you fear not any commands of your parent nor refuse to submit to tor 
 
 praeceptis. HJc ubi vides moles disjectas que saxa avulsa 
 
 instruction!. Here where you see vast ruins thrown down and rocks torn 
 
 saxis, que fumum undantem pulveit, mixto, Neptunus 
 
 from rocks, and smoke waving with dust intermingled, Neptune 
 
 quaUt muros que fundamenta emota magno tridenti que 
 
 ahake the walls and foundations removed by km mighty trident and over* 
 
 eruit totam urbem a sedibus. Hie, saevissima Juno prima tenet 
 
 turns the whole city from its basis. Here, most fierce Juno first occupies 
 
 Scseas portas que furens vocat socium agmen a navibus, 
 
 Ihe&zan gules and furious, summons the social band from the ships, 
 
 accincta ferro. Respice jam Tritonia Pallas insedit 
 
 armed with a sword. Observe now where Tritonian Pallas has placed herself 
 
 summas arces effulgens nimbo et saeva" Gorgone. 
 
 on the highest towers re-splendent with the cloud and terrible Gorgon. 
 
 Pater ipse sufficit animos que secundas vires Danais: 
 
 Father Jupiter himself supplies courage and successful strength to the Greeks: 
 
 ipse suscitat Deos m Dardana arma. 
 
 hf> excites the Gods against the Trojan arms. 
 
 Eripe fugam nate que inipone fin em labori. Nus- 
 
 H.i.-u- t hy flight O son and put an end to thy labor. I will 
 
 quam abero, et sistam te tutum patrio limine. 
 
 never be absent, and I will place you sale on your paternal threshold. 
 
 Dixerat, et condidit se spissis umbns noctis. Dirae 
 
 She had said, and has hid herself in the thick shades of night Awful 
 
 facies apparent que magna numina Deflm mimica Trojae. 
 
 forms appear and the great powers of the gods hostile to Troy. 
 
 Turn vero omne Ilium visum mihi considere in ignes, et 
 
 Th*n indeed all Ilium appeared tome to sink down into the flames and 
 
 Neptunia Troja verti ex- imo. Ac veluti cum 
 
 Neptunian Troy to be overturned from its foundation. And ns when 
 
 agricolae certatim instant eruere antiquam ornum in 
 
 the swalnt emtilmisly strain to overthrow the ancient ash on 
 
 summis montibus accisam ferro que crebris bipenmbus; 
 
 I lie lolly mountains cut with-lhe iron and with the frequent axes, 
 
 ilia usque minatur, et tremefacta comam, nutat 
 
 that a long while threatens ruin, and shaken as to its leaves, nods 
 
 vertice concusso; donee, paulatim, evicta vulneribus, 
 
 its top being ngitaved, until, by little and little overcome by wounds.
 
 61 631 
 
 congemuit supremiim, que avulsa jugis traxi* 
 
 \t huiii groaned at last, and torn front the mountain's sides hath drawn 
 
 ruinam. Descendo, ac Deo ducente, expedior inter 
 
 ruin afterit. I descend, and the God leading, I am extricated amidst 
 
 flammam et hostes: tela dant locum, que flammae rece- 
 
 the Hume and enemies: the weapons give place, and the flames re- 
 
 dunt. Ast ubi jam perventum ad limina patriae sedis, 
 
 cede. But when now I have come to the gates of my paternal seat, 
 
 que antiquas domos, genitor quern primum optabam 
 
 and to my ancient habitations, my father whom first I wished 
 
 tollere in altos noontes que primum, petebam, abnegat 
 
 to convey to the lofty mountains and whom first, I sought, refuses 
 
 producere vitamquepati exilium, Troja excisa. Ovos, ait, 
 
 to prolong his life and to suffer exile, Troy being razed. O ye, he says, 
 
 quibus sanguis integer aevi, que vires stant 
 
 to whom there is blood intire on account of age, and whose powers remain 
 
 solids suo robore; vos agitate fugam. Si ccelicolae 
 
 unimpaired in their vigor; do you attempt flight. If the inhabitants 
 
 voluissent me ducere vitam, servassent has 
 
 of heaven had willed that I should lengthen out my life, they had preserved these 
 
 sedes mihi: satis que super vidimus una excidia 
 
 seats for me: it is enough and more that we have seen one destruction of my 
 
 et superavimus captae urbi. O affati 
 
 rxmntry and have survived the captured city. O ye, having addressed my 
 
 corpus, sic, sic, positum, descedite. Ipse inveniam mortem 
 
 body, thus, thus, laid out, depart. I myself shall find death, 
 
 manu: hostis miserebitur que petet exuvias: jactura 
 
 by this hand: the enemy will pity me and seek my spoils: the loss of 
 
 sepulchri est facilis. Jampridem invisus Divis, et inutilis, 
 
 burial is easy. Long since hated by the gods, useless* 
 
 demoror annos, ex quo Pater Divum atque Rex 
 
 I linger out my years, from what time the Father of the gods and King 
 
 hominum afflavit me ventis fulminis et contigit 
 
 of men has blasted me with the winds of his thunder and has struck me wilk 
 
 igni. Memorans talia perstabat que manebat fixus 
 
 lightning. Relating such things he persisted and remained resolute. 
 
 Contra, nos, effusi lacrymis que conjux Creusa que 
 
 On the other hand, we, dissolved in tears both my wjfe Creusa and 
 
 Ascanius que omnis domus pater ne vellet 
 
 Ascanius and all the family conjure, that my father would not be willing 
 
 vertere cuncta secum que incumbere fato urgenti. 
 
 to ruin all things with himself and to meet the fate pressing on. 
 
 Ille abnegat et hceret inceptc et in iisdem sedibus: 
 
 He refuses and adheres to his design and in the same seats. 
 
 Rursus feror in arma que miserrimus opto mortem. 
 
 Again I am borne iway to arms and most wretched I wish for death. 
 
 Nam quod consilium aut quae fortuna jam dabatur? genitor 
 
 Fol what design .or what chance now- was given? O father
 
 02 658 
 
 tperasti ne me posse efferre pedem, te relicto? que 
 
 h*M thou Loped that I could *tlr a foot, you l>eing left? and 
 
 tantum nefas excidit patrio ore? si placet Superis 
 
 bail) 10 grc.it wickedness fallen from a father's mouth? if it please* the 1'owers 
 
 nihil relinqui lanta urbe; et hoc sedet animo. 
 
 borethatnoibingbel.il of so great a city; and Ibis remain* fixed in your mind, 
 
 quo juvat addere que te que tuos Trojae periturae: 
 
 ad it ilelighu yon to join Uoili yourself and yours to Troy about to perish: 
 
 ianua patet isti letho. Jamque Pyrrhus aderit de 
 
 UM gate li<:x <>pen to that death. Boon Pyrrnus will be present from 
 
 Priami mul to sanguine qui obtruncat natum ante ora 
 
 Priam'* COIMOUI blood who murders the son before the face of th< 
 
 patris, et patrem ad aras. 
 
 father, and the father at tin- altar*. 
 
 Erat hoc, alma parens, quod eripis me per tela 
 
 Was it far tbis, O propitious mother, that you rescue me among darts 
 
 per ignes? ut cernam hostem in mediis penetralibus, 
 
 mong the flamesT that 1 may see the enemy in the midst of thc*e recesses, 
 
 utque que Ascanium, que meum . patrem, que, 
 
 and lhat, I may tec both Ascanius, and my father, and, 
 
 Creusam juxti, mactatos alterum in sanguine ajterius? arma 
 
 Ureusa near, slaughtered the one in the blood of the other? arm* 
 
 viri, ferte arma: ultima lux vocat victos. Reddite me 
 
 O men. bring arms: the last light summons the vanquished. Return me 
 
 Danais, sinite revisam prcelia instaurata: nunquam 
 
 to the Greek*, permit Mat I may revisit the fight renewed: never will vx 
 
 ornnes moriemur inulti hodie. Hie rursus accingoi 
 
 II die unrevenged to day. Here again I am equipped 
 
 ferro: que insertabam sinistram, clypeo aptans 
 
 with a sword: and I inserted my left hand, in my shield fitting it 
 
 que ferebam me extra tecta. Autem, ecce, conjux 
 
 nd I brought myself without tbe palace. But, lo, my wife 
 
 amplexa pedes, hserebat in limine que tendebat parvum 
 
 embracing my feet, clung to me on tbe threshold and reached out little 
 
 lulum patri. Si abis periturus rape DOS et tecum 
 
 lulus to At'i father. If you will go about to perish take us also with you 
 
 in omnia: sin expertus ponis aliquem spem in armis 
 
 to all danger: but if having experienced you place any hope in arms 
 
 sumptis tutare hanc domum primiim. Cui parvus lulus; 
 
 Mumed defend Una bouse first. To whom it little lulus left', 
 
 cui pater, et cui relinquor, quondam dicta tua conjux? 
 
 to whom your father, and to whom am I left, once called thy wife? 
 
 Vociferans talia replebat omne tectum gcmitu: 
 
 Exclaiming such tcrdt she filled all the building with groans: 
 
 cum subitum monstrum, que mirabile dictu, oritur. 
 
 When sudden prodigy. and wonderful to be told, arises, 
 
 Naraque inter manus que ora mcestorum parentum, 
 
 For between tbe hand* and faces of Ai mournful parents,
 
 63 682 
 
 e ce, le^is apex visus fundere lume-n de summo 
 
 to, the light plume teas seen to pour forth light from the top 
 
 vertice lull que innoxia flamma lambere comas molli 
 
 of tin: head of lulus and the harmless flame to glide along his hair with a gentle 
 
 tactu et pasci circum tempora. Nos pavidi metu 
 
 touch and to feed around his temples. We fearful with dread begin 
 
 trepidare que excutere flagrantem crinem, et restinguere 
 
 to tremble and to shake off Ms flaming hair, and to extinguish 
 
 sanctos ignes fontibus. At pater Anchises laetus extulit 
 
 the sacred fires with water. But father Anchises joyful has raised /<,' 
 
 oculos ad sidera et letendit palmas coelo cum voce 
 
 eyes to the stars and stretches Ai's hands to heaven with his voice 
 
 Omnipotens Jupiter, aspice nos flecteris ullis precibus: 
 
 O Omnipotent Jupiter, behold us if thou art moved by any prayers 
 
 hoc, tantum; et pater, si meremur pietate, deinde 
 
 vie ask this, only; and O father, if we merit any thing by our piety, then 
 
 da auxilium atque firma haec omina. Vix senior 
 
 grant to us thy aid and confirm these omens. Scarcely has the aged 
 
 fatus erat ea, que loevum intonuit 
 
 tire uttered those words, and the left part of the heaven has thundered with 
 
 subito fragore, et stella lapsa de ccelo, cucurrit per umbras 
 
 a sudden peal, and a star falling from heaven, has run through the shades 
 
 ducens facem cum multa luce. Cernimus illam 
 
 drawing a trail of flame with much light We see that 
 
 labentem super summa culmina tecti condere se claram, 
 
 gliding over the highest tops of the roof to hide itself bright, in the 
 
 Idsca sylva que signantem vias: turn sulcus dat lucem 
 
 Idean woods and marking the way: then a trail gives light with a 
 
 longo limite, et loca circum late fumant sulfure. 
 
 long path, and the places around far and wide smoke with sulphur. 
 
 Hie vero genitor victus tollit se ad auras, que 
 
 Here indeed my father conquered raises himself towards heaven, and 
 
 affatur Deos et adorat sanctum sidus: jam, jam, est 
 
 addresses the Gods and adores the holy star: now, now, there ia 
 
 nulla mora; sequor et qua ducitis, adsum. Patrii 
 
 no delay; I follow and whither you lead, am present. O paternal 
 
 Df servate domum, servate nepotem: vestrum est hoc 
 
 Gods protect our house, protect my grandson: yours is this 
 
 augurium que Troja est in vestro numine. Nate equidem 
 
 omen and . Troy is in your power. O son indeed 
 
 cedo nec recuso ire comes tibi. Ille dixerat: et jam 
 
 T yield nor refuse to go a companion to tliee. He had said: and now 
 
 ignis auditur clarior per mcenia, que incendia volvunt 
 
 the conflagration is heard clearer through the city, and the flames roll the 
 
 lestus propius. Age ergo care pater, imponere nostrse 
 
 fire nearer. Come therefore dear father, be placed on my 
 
 cervin: ipse subibo humeris, nec iste labor gravabit me. 
 
 neck: I will bear you upon my shoulders, nor that load will oppress me.
 
 01 708 
 
 Quocunque res cadcnt, periculum unum et commune, 
 
 However things shall happen, the danger skallbe one and the same 
 
 ambobus, salus erit una: parvus lulus sil 
 
 t both, safety shall be one and the tame to us: let litlle lulus be a 
 
 comes mihi ct conjux Creusa servet vestigia longe. 
 
 companion tome and my wife Creusa mny keep my steps at a distance. 
 
 Vos, famuli, advertite vestris animis, quic dicam, 
 
 Ye. servants, turn with your minds, to thotc things which I shall say, 
 
 Est tumulus egressis urbe, que vetustum tem- 
 
 Tktrt it a riiiing ground to you departing from the city, and an old tem- 
 
 plum desertffi Cereris, que juxta antiqua cupressus ser- 
 
 I'N- of deserted Ceres, and near there is an ancient cypress prc- 
 
 vata religione patrum multos annos. In hanc unam 
 
 crved by the devotion of our fathers formnny years. To this one 
 
 sedem, veniemus ex diverse. Genitor tu cape sacra 
 
 Mat, we will come by difierent tcays. O Father do thou take the sacred 
 
 manu que Patrios Penates. Nefas me 
 
 tMinfi in your hand and our paternal gods. It is a wickedness that i 
 
 digressum e tanto bello et recenti credo, attrectare; donee 
 
 having come from p-o great a war and recent slaughter, should touch them; until 
 
 abluero me vivo flumine. Fatus htec 
 
 1 shall have washed myself in the living stream. Having said these thirgs, 
 
 insternor super latos humeros que subjecta colla, veste 
 
 I am covered upon my broad shoulders and bended neck, with a garment 
 
 que pelle fulvi leonis, que succedo oneri: parvus lulus 
 
 and the skin of a tawny lion, and I succeed to the load: little lulus 
 
 implicuit se dextrae que sequitur patrem passibus non 
 
 has linked himself to my right hand and follows his father with steps not 
 
 sequis. Conjux subit pone. Ferimur per opaca locorum, 
 
 equal. My wife follows behind. We arc carried through gloomy places, 
 
 et nunc omnes aura terrent, omnis sonus excitat me 
 
 and now every breath of wind terrifies, every sound alarms me 
 
 suspensum, et pariter timentem comiti que oneri, quern 
 
 io suipense, and equally fearing for my companion and my load, whom 
 
 dudum non ulla tela, injecta, neque Graii glomerati 
 
 lately not any darts, thrown, neither the Greeks collected together 
 
 ex adverse agmine, movebant. Jamque propinquabam 
 
 in a hostile band, moved. And now I drew near 
 
 portis que videbar evasisse omnem viam; cum 
 
 to the gates and seemed to have escaped all the danger of the way; whei 
 
 creber sonitus pedum subito visus adesse ad aures: que 
 
 a frequent sound of feet suddenly seemed to be present to my ears: and my 
 
 genitor prospiciens per umbras exclamat, nate, nate, fuge, 
 
 father looking through the- shades cries out, O son, O son, fly 
 
 propinquant: cerno ardentes clypeos atque micantia ceia. 
 
 I hey approach: I see their glittering phields and gleaming brass. 
 
 Hi male-amicum numen nescio quod eripuit mihi tre- 
 
 Hero na unfriendly deity I kno\\ not what one took from me fear-
 
 G5 730 
 
 pido contusam mentem. Namque dum cursu sequor 
 
 ful my confused mind. For whilst in my course I seek (fir 
 
 avia et excedo nota regione viarum: hen! 
 
 unfrequented plai.cs and depart from the known direction of the ways: alafc! 
 
 conjux Creusa substitit. incertum ne erepta 
 
 my wife Crensa stayed bi-liiml, it is uncertain whether snatched from me 
 
 misero fato, erravit-ne via seu lassa resedit: nee 
 
 by distressing fate, or lias wandered from the path or wearied sat down: nor 
 
 reddita est nostns oculis post. Nee respexi ve rcflcxi 
 
 was she restored to our eyes afterwards. Nor Iwe Hooked back or turned baik 
 
 animum amissam, priusquam venimus tumulum que 
 
 my mind thatshe was lost, before we have come to the eminence and 
 
 sacratam sedem antiquae Cereris; hie, omnibus demum 
 
 sacred seat of ancient Ceres; here, all at length 
 
 collectis una defuit et fefellit comites, que 
 
 being collected one was wanting and has disappointed her companions. and 
 
 natum, que virum. Quern que hominum que Deorum, 
 
 son, and husband. Whom both of men and of gods, 
 
 amens non incusavi? aut quid crudelius vidi in urbe 
 
 frantic have I not blamed? or what more cruel have I beheld in the city 
 
 eversa? Commendo Ascanium que patrem Anchisen que 
 
 destroyed? I commend Ascunius and my father Anchises and 
 
 Teucros Penates sociis etrecondo curva" 
 
 the Trojan household gods to my associates and I conceal them in a winding 
 
 valle. Ipse repeto urbem et cingor fulgentibus armis. 
 
 valley. I myself seek again the city and am arrayed in shining arms 
 
 Stat renovate omnes .casus que reverti per omnem 
 
 My purpose is fixed to renew all perils and to return over all 
 
 Trojam et rursus objectare caput periculis. Principle repeto 
 
 Troy and again to expose my head to dangers. First I seek again 
 
 muros que obscura limina ports, qua extuleram 
 
 the walls and the dark entrances of the gate, whence I had brought forth my 
 
 gressum: sequor retro vestigia. observata per noctem et 
 
 step: I follow back my footsteps observed in the darkness and 
 
 lustro lumine. 
 
 search them out by the light of the flames. 
 
 Ubique horror simul silentia ipsa terrent 
 
 Every where is horror at the same time the silence itself terrifies 
 
 ammos. Inde refero domum si forte 
 
 my0und. Thence I bring myself again home that I might see if by chanc 
 
 tulisset pedem. Danai irruerant et 
 
 Creusa. might have brought her foot thither. The Greeks hart rushed in and 
 
 tenebant omne tectum. Ilicet edax ignis volvitur 
 
 possessed the whole house Quickly the devouring fire is rolled hy the 
 
 vento ad summa fastigia; flammse exsuperant; aestus 
 
 wind to the highest roots. the flames rise above; the conflagration 
 
 furit ad auras Procedo ad sedas Priami que reviso arcem. 
 
 rages to thpir proceed to tlv> mansions of Priam and revisit the citadel.
 
 66 761 
 
 Et jam Phoenix et dims Ulysses, lecti custoaes, 
 
 And BOW. Phatmx and tiecrable Ulysses, chosen guards, 
 
 asservabant predam vacuis porticibus asylo Junonis. 
 
 were watching the spoil in tb vacant aisles in tbe temple of Juno. 
 
 Troia gaza erepta " '&* incensis adytis, que mensae 
 
 Tiojan treasures carried otf from the burning temples, and Uic table* 
 
 Deorura, que solidi crateres auro, que captiva vestis 
 
 of the od. *nd solid goblets of gold, and captive vestment* 
 
 coneritur hue undique. Puen et pavidae matres stant 
 
 re piled up here all around Boys and fearful matrons Hand 
 
 circum longo ordine. Quin etiam ausus jactare vocem 
 
 round in long irain. But even I have dared jo throw my voice 
 
 per umbram, implevj vias clamore: que mcestus 
 
 tnrouph the shade. I have filled the streets with my cry and mournful 
 
 ingeminans Creusam nequicquam, vocavi iterum que 
 
 repeating Creiua in vain. Iliave called her again and 
 
 iterum. Infelix simulacrum atque umbra Creusae ipsiui 
 
 gum. The unhappy ghost, and the shade of Creusa herself 
 
 et imago major nota, visa est ante oculos mihi 
 
 nd an image larger tJtan the known, appeared before my eye to me 
 
 quaerenti et furenti tectis urbis sine fine. 
 
 seeking htr and raving in the houses of the city without end. 
 
 Obstupui que comae steterunt et vox hsesit 
 
 I have beeu astonished and my hair has stood erect and my voice has adhered to 
 
 faucibus. Turn sic affari et demere curas 
 
 My Jaws. Then ske began, thus to address me and to take away my caret 
 
 his dictis: dulcis conjux quid, tart turn, juvat 
 
 with these words: O dear spouse why, so much, doth it delight yarn 
 
 indulgere insano dolore? haec eveniunt non sine numine 
 
 to indulge in immoderate grief? these things happen not without the will 
 
 Divflm: nee fas aut ille regnator superi Olympi si nit 
 
 of the gods: nor VMS it lawful or does he the ruler of hi^h heaven permit 
 
 te asportare Creusam comitem. Longa exilia tibi, et 
 
 thee to carry away Creusa a companion. Long) exile mill be to Hire, and 
 
 vastum aequor maris arandum. Venies ad Hesperiam 
 
 an immense surface of sea to be ploughed. You shall come to the Hesperian 
 
 terrain ubi Lydius Tybris fluit leni agmine inter arva 
 
 land where Tuscan Tyber flows with its gentle stream between lands 
 
 opima virum. Laetae res que regnum et regia 
 
 rich in heroes. Prosperous circumstances and a kingdom and a royal 
 
 conjux parta tibi illic: pejle lacrymas dilectas Creusae. 
 
 s|iuuse ^provided for thee there: banish your tears for beloved Crousa. 
 
 Ego Dardanis et minis Divse 
 
 descendant from D.inl.inns and the daughter in-law of go<Idcs 
 
 Veneris, non aspiciam superbas sedes Myrmidonum ve 
 
 Venus, shall not behold the proud seats of the Greeks or 
 
 Dolopum, aut ibo servitum Graiis matribus. Sed magna 
 
 of the Dolopes, orsltall I go to serve the Grecian matrons. But the great
 
 07 788 
 
 gcnitnx Drum detinel me his oris. Jamque vale et 
 
 mother of ilic gods detains me on those coasts. And now farewell ami 
 
 serva amorem communis nati. Ubi dedit. haec 
 
 tccep your love of our common son. When she has spoken these 
 
 dicta, deseruit lachrymantem et volentera dicere multa 
 
 words, she left me weeping and wishing to say many things 
 
 que recessit in tenues auras. Ibi, ter conatus circuindare 
 
 and vanished into the thin air There, thrice I attempted to throw my 
 
 brachia collo; imago comprensa frustra ter effugit 
 
 arms around her neck; the linage seized in vaia three times escaped 
 
 manus, par levibus ventis que simillima volucri somno. 
 
 my hands, equal to the light winds arid most like a fleeting dream. 
 
 Sic demum nocte consumpta revise socios. Atque hie 
 
 Thus at length the night being spent I revisit my companions. And here 
 
 admirans, mvenio ingentem numerum novorum comitum 
 
 admiring, I find that a vast number of new companions 
 
 affluxisse que matres que viros, pubem collectam exilio, 
 
 to have flowed in both matrons and men, youth collected for exile, 
 
 miserabile vulgus! convenere undique parati 
 
 a miserable crowril they have assembled from every quarter prepared 
 
 animis que opibus in quascunque terras velim 
 
 with minds and their efftcts to follow to whatsoever lands I may be willing 
 
 deducere pelago. Jamque Lucifer surgebat jugis 
 
 to conduct them on the sea. And now the morning star was rising on the tops 
 
 summae Ida: que ducebat diem que Danai tenebant limina 
 
 of highest Ida and ushered in the day and the Greeks kept the entrance 
 
 portarum obsessa, nee ulla spes opis dabatur. Cessi et 
 
 of the gates besieged, nor any hope of assistance was given. I yielded and 
 
 petivi montem genitore sublato. 
 
 sought the mountain my parent being lifted up. 
 
 jENEID. 
 BOOK THIRD. 
 
 POSTQUAM visum Superis evertere res Asiae 
 
 AFTER it has pleased the gods above to overthrow tl)e power of Asia 
 
 qne gentem Priami immeritam, que superbum Ilium cecidit, 
 
 mid the nation f Priam undeserving, and stately Iliuhi has fallen, 
 
 et omnis Neptunia Troja fumat humo; agimur 
 
 nd all Neptunian Troy smokes from the ground; we are driven, 
 
 auguriis Divum quserere diversa exilia et desertas terras, 
 
 by the omens of the gods to seek remote exiles and unoccupied lands.
 
 66 & 
 
 nue molimur classem sub ipsa Antandro et monlibus 
 
 nil webuilJ fleet under (he very Antandnts and the nnuiunins or 
 
 Phry<naeldB q ue contrahimus viros, incerti quo, fata 
 
 Phrygian Ida and we draw together our nien, uncertain where, (he fates 
 
 fcrant, ubi detur sistere. Vix prima aestas 
 
 may conduct us. where it may be granted to settle. Scarcely the first summer 
 
 inceperat, et pater Anchises jubebat dare vela fatis. 
 
 bad b -Kim, and father Anchises ordered K* to hoist sails by the fates. 
 
 Turn lacrymans relinquo litora patrine que portus, et 
 
 Then wrepin I leave the shores of my country and the purts. anj 
 
 campos ubi Troja full: feror exul in altum cum 
 
 tli.- plain* where Troy has been: lam curried an exile to the deep with mj 
 
 sociis que nato Penatibus et magnis Dis. Procul 
 
 companions and my son my household go.ls and the great gods. ^At a distance 
 
 Mavortia terra vaslis campis colitur, Thraces arant, quon- 
 
 a martial land wilh vast plains is inhabited, the Thracians cuMivate it, for- 
 
 dam regnata acri Lycurgo; antiquum hospitium Trojse, que 
 
 nerly governed by fierce hycurgus; an ancient retreat of Troy and 
 
 Penates socii dum fortuna fuit. Feror *huc 
 
 iu gods teere our companions while fortune has been to us. I am carried hither 
 
 et loco prima moenia curvo littore ingressus fatis 
 
 mnd 1 place wjr first walls on the winding shore having entered with fates 
 
 iniquis; que fingo vEneadas nomen de meo 
 
 unkind; and I cxt\ the inhabitants ^Eneadaj a name deriaed from my 
 
 nomine. Ferebam sacra matri Dionaeae que Divis 
 
 name. I \va? ottering sacriliccs to my mother Venus and the gods 
 
 auspicibus operum coeptorum: que mactabam nitentem 
 
 the patrons of our works begun: and was sacrificing a white 
 
 taurum in littore supero regi Ccelicoliim. Forte 
 
 lull on thp sh'iro to the high king of the heavenly inhabitants. By chance 
 
 tumulus fuit juxta. quo summo cornea virgulta et 
 
 a n.-ms ground was near on which suinniit were cornel twigs and 
 
 myrtus horrida densis hastilibus. Accessi que conatus 
 
 a myrtle awful with thick spears. I drew near und endeavoured 
 
 conveilere viridem sylvam ab humo, ut tegerem aras 
 
 to tear the verdant wood from the ground, that I might cover the altar* 
 
 frondentibus ramis: video horrendum monstrum et mirabile 
 
 with leafy boughs: I see a dreadful prodigy and wonderful 
 
 dictu. Nam qo-TB arbos prima vellitur solo 
 
 to be told. For winch tree first is p-illed up from the ground, its 
 
 radicibus ruptis, guttae atro sanguine liquuntur huic et 
 
 units bc-iiig broken ort'. drons of bliick blond ooze out to this tree, and 
 
 maculant terrain tabo. Fngidus horror quatit membra 
 
 tain the earth with sore Old trembling shakes the limbs 
 
 mihi, que sanjuis gelidus formidme, coit. Rnrsus m- 
 
 forme. and my blood chilled tliroueh fear, cr.llccu togpther. Again I pro. 
 
 sequor et conveilere lentum vimen alterius et penitus 
 
 eeed also to pluck uj. tl limber shoot of another and thoroughly
 
 69 32 
 
 xentare latentes causas etater sanguis sequitur de toitice 
 
 o examine the hidden causes and black blood follows from the bark 
 
 alterius. Movens multa animo venerabar agrestes 
 
 f the other. Revolving many things in my mind I prayed toiherural 
 
 nymphas que patrem Gradivum, qui praesidet Geticis 
 
 nymphs and father Mars, who presides over the Thraciais 
 
 arvis, secundarent visus rite quelevarentornen. 
 
 territories, that they would prosper the vision in due form and avert the omen. 
 
 Sed postquam aggredior tertia hastilia majore nixu, que 
 
 But after I attempt the third spears with greater effort and 
 
 genibus obluctor adversae arenae; eloquor an si- 
 
 with my knees I struggle against the opposite sand; shall I speak or shall I be 
 
 leam? lacrymabilis gemitus auditur imo tumulo, 
 
 Eiient? a mournful groan is heard from the bottom of the rising ground, 
 
 et vox reddita fertur ad aures: JEnez, quid laceras 
 
 and a voice returned from it is brought to my ears: O ^Eneas, why do you tear 
 
 miserum? parce jam sepulto, parce scelerare pias 
 
 _ wretched being-? spare me now buried, forbear to pollute your pious 
 
 manus: Troja tulit me non externum tibi: hie cruor 
 
 hands: Troy has produced me not a stranger to you: this blood 
 
 manat baud stipite. Heu! fuge crudeles terras, fuge 
 
 flows not from the trunk. All! fly the cruel lands, fly 
 
 avarum litus; nam ego Polydorus; ferrea seges telorum 
 
 the avaricious sliore; for I am Polydorus; an iron crop of darts 
 
 texit confixum hie et ingrevit acutis jaculis. Turn, 
 
 has covered me pierced through here and grown with sharp javelins. Then, 
 
 vero pressus mentem ancipiti formidine obstupui 
 
 indeed weighed down as to my mind with doubtful " fear I was astonished 
 
 que comae steterunt et vox haesit faucibus. Quondam 
 
 and my hair stotd up and my voice clung to my jaws. Formerly 
 
 infelix Priamus furtim mandarat hunc Polydorum Threi'cio 
 
 unhappy Priam secretly had sent t:iis Polydorus to the Thracian 
 
 regi alendum cum magno pondere auri; cum jam diffi- 
 
 king to be brought up with a great weight of gold; when now he de- 
 
 deret armis Dardaniae que videret urbem cingi obsidione. 
 
 spaired of tlie arms of Troy and saw the city to be beset with a siege. 
 
 Ille ut opes Teucrum fractae, et fortuna 
 
 He as soon as the powers of the Trojans have been broken down and their fortune 
 
 recessit, secutus Agamemnonias res que victricia anna, 
 
 has receded, following Agamemnon's cause and his victorious arms, 
 
 abrumpit omne fas, obtruncat Polydorum et politur 
 
 breaks every sacred law, murders Polydorus and possessc-s hit 
 
 auro vi. Sacra fames auri! quid non cogis mortalia 
 
 col:l by force. O cursed desire of gold! what dost thou not force the mortsrt 
 
 pectora! postquam pavor reliquit ossa, refero monstra 
 
 tiearts to do! after fear has left my bones, I relate these prodigies 
 
 Doum ad dolectos procercs populi que primum parentem 
 
 of the gods to chosen leaders of the people and first to my fatlx .
 
 70 58 
 
 el posco quse s\[ scntentia. Idem animus ommibus ex- 
 
 nd rrqiurc what may lv> their opinion. The same disposition u to all to Je- 
 
 cedere scelcrata terra, linquere pollutum hospitium et dare 
 
 part from OH* eiecrable land, lo quil ike pLftce of violated hotpuality and to give 
 
 Auslros classibus. Ergo instauramus funus Polydoro 
 
 (be winds to our fleet. Therefore we renew the funeral rites lo Pol) dorm 
 
 et ingens tellus aggeritur tumulo; arae stant 
 
 nd huge pileof earth i* thrown up for the tomb: altars are standing 
 
 manibus mnestae caaruleis vittis que atra cupresso: et Ilia- 
 
 lo kit Manes mournful with azure fillets and gloomy cypress: and the Trojan 
 
 des sol u tee crinem de more circum. Inferimus 
 
 mairons looe as to their hair according to custom stand around. We <>ll"-r 
 
 cymbia spumantia tepido lacte et pateras sacri sanguinis: 
 
 bowls foaming with warm milk and goblets of consecrated blood: 
 
 que condimus animam sepulchre et supremum ciomus magna 
 
 nd we hide the soul in the grave and lastly wo call with a loud 
 
 voce. Inde ubi prima fides pelago que venti dant 
 
 voice. Thence when there i$ the first trust to the ocean and the winds grant 
 
 placata mariaet Auster lenis crepitans vocat in altum; 
 
 tranquil. seni and the south wind mild rustling invites us to the deep; 
 
 socii deducunl naves etcomplent litora. Provehimur 
 
 my companions launch the ships and cover the shore. We are wafted from 
 
 portu, que terras que urbes recedurtt. 
 
 the port and the lunds and the cities recede. 
 
 Gratissima tellus, sacra matri Nereid urn et .iEgaeo 
 
 A rmint pleasant land, pacred to the mother of the Nereids and /Eyean 
 
 Neptuno colitur medio mari; quam errantem circum 
 
 Neptune is inhabited in the midst of the sea: which wandering around 
 
 oras et litora pius Arcitenens revinxrt celsa Mycone 
 
 he counts and fhores tbe pioiis Archer has bound with high Mycone 
 
 que Gyaro; que dedit immotam coli et contemnere 
 
 mud Gynros: and has rendered it unmoved to be inhabited and to contemn 
 
 ventos. Hue feror: ha?c placidissima accipit 
 
 the wind*, lliiher I am brought: this most peaceful land receives vt 
 
 fessos tuto portu. Egressi veneramur urbem Aj)ollinis. 
 
 wearied In it* sufe port. Landing we venerate the city of Apollo. 
 
 Rex Anius, idem rex hominum que sacerdos Phoebi 
 
 The king Anius, the name king of men and priest of Phoebus 
 
 rcdimitus tempora vittis et sacra lauro occurrit, agnoscit 
 
 bound a to his temples with fillets and sacred laurel meets vs, he knows 
 
 veterem amicum Anchisen. Jungimus dextras hospitio 
 
 tin nld friend Anchises. We jnin right hands in amity 
 
 et subimus tecta. Venerabar templa Dei structa 
 
 nd we come under Aw roof. I reverenced the temples of the god built 
 
 vetusto saxo: da Thymbnee propriam domum da rnoenia 
 
 ef ancient rock; grant O Thymbrxus a fixed home grant walls to ut 
 
 fessis et genus et mansuram urbem: serva ultera 
 
 wearied and an offspring and an abiding city: preserve other
 
 71 87 
 
 Pergama Trojae reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achillei. 
 
 funs of Troy Ue remnant of the Greeks and of merciless Achilles. 
 
 Quern sequimur? ve quo jubes ire? ubi ponerc 
 
 Whom do we follow? or whither do you order us to go? where to place 
 
 sedes? pater da augurium atque illabere nostris 
 
 our seats? O father grant us a sign and glide into our 
 
 animis. Vix fatus eram ea: omnia repente 
 
 minds. Scarcely had I spoken those icords: all things suddenly 
 
 visa tremere que limina que laurus Dei: que 
 
 have seemed to tremble both the gates and the laurel of the god: and 
 
 totus mons circum moveri et cortina mugire adytis 
 
 the whole mountain around to be moved and the oracle to bellow the sanctuary 
 
 reclusis. Submissi petimus terrain, et vox fertur ad 
 
 being opened. Humble we seek the ground, and a voice is conveyed to 
 
 aures: duri Dardanidae eadem tellus, quae prima tulit 
 
 eur ears: ye hardy Trojans the same land, which first has produced 
 
 vos a stirpe parentum, accipiet vos reduces lajto 
 
 you from the stock of your forefathers, shall receive you returned in its joyful 
 
 ubere: exquirite antiquam matrem. Hie domus ./Eneas 
 
 foil: search out your ancient mother. Here the family of /Eneas 
 
 dominabitur cunctis oris, et natorum nati, et qui 
 
 shall bear rule over all lands, and his children's children, and who 
 
 nascentur ab illis. Haec Phoebus: que ingens 
 
 shall be born from them. These things said Phoebus: and great 
 
 tatitia exorta mixto tumultu; et cuncti quaerunt qua? 
 
 joy has arisen with mingled tumult; and all inquire what 
 
 ea incenia, sint, quo Phoebus vocet errantes, que jubeat 
 
 those vvalls may be, whither Phoebus may call vs wandering, and command 
 
 reverti. Turn genitor volvens monumenta veterurn 
 
 * to return. Then my father revolving the memorials of the ancient 
 
 virorum ait, proceres, audite et discite vestras spes. 
 
 men says, O noblea, hear and learn your hopes. 
 
 Greta insula magni Jovis jacet rnedio ponto, ubi 
 
 Crete an island of great Jove lies in the middle of the sea, where i* 
 
 Mons Idaeus et cunabula nostrae gentis: habitant centum 
 
 Mount Ida and the nursery of our race: they inhabit an hundred 
 
 magnas urbes, uberrima regna; unde Teucrus maxim us 
 
 great cities,, most fertile realms; whence Tcucer our first 
 
 pater, si rite recorder audita, primum advectus est 
 
 ancestor, if rightly I remember things heard, first has been carried 
 
 in Rhceteas oras, que optavit locum regno; Iliuu: et 
 
 to the Rhcetian coasts, and has selected a situation for his kingdom; Ilium and 
 
 Pergamaj arces nondum steterant; habitabant imis vallibus. 
 
 Pergamzan towers not yet had stood; they dwelt in the lowest vales. 
 
 Hinc mater Cybele, cultrix, que Corybantia asra, 
 
 Hence came mother Cybele, the protectress, and the Cory bantian brass, 
 
 que Idseum nemus: hinc fida silentia sacris, 
 
 and the Idtean grove: hence the faithful silence in kr sacred rites
 
 72 113 
 
 et juncti leones subiere currum dominze Ergo 
 
 anil the coupled lion* have come under the chariot of tlic goddeM. Tlieri-fort 
 
 agite et qua jussa Divum ducunt scquamur. 
 
 come and where the commands of the gods lead let in follow. 
 
 Placemus ventos et petamus Gnossia regna. Nee 
 
 Let uiappcaso the wind* and let us seek the Gnofsian realms. ti or are ! lief 
 
 longo cursu distant, modo Jupiter adsit, tertia lux 
 
 along way distant; provided that Jupiter be with us, the third light 
 
 sistet classem in Cretans oris. 
 
 *liall place o-tr fleet on the Cretan coasts. 
 
 Sic falus mactavit meritos honores aris: taurum 
 
 Thus having said he offered suitable sacrifices upon the altars: a bull 
 
 Neptuno; taUrum tibi pulcher Apollo; nigram pecudem 
 
 to Neptune; a bull to ihee O beautiful Apollo; a black sheep 
 
 hyemi, albam felicibus Zephyris. Fama volat Idome- 
 
 to winter, white one to the propitious Zephyrs. A rumor flics that Idome- 
 
 nea ducem pulsum cesisse paternis regnis, que 
 
 neus a leader banished has departed from his paternal kingdom*, an 
 
 littora Cretae deserta, domos vacare 
 
 that the shores of Crete have been deserted, and the houses are free from the 
 
 hoste, que sedes astare relictas. Linquimus portus Orty- 
 
 cnemy, and the regions remain abandoned. We leave the port of Orty- 
 
 giae, que volamus pelago: que legimus Naxon Baccha- 
 
 gia, and fly on the sea: and we coast by Naxos where the liaccha 
 
 tarn jugis que viridem Dooysam, Olearon, que niveair 
 
 nals revel on iii tops and green Donysa, O'caros, and snow) 
 
 Paron, que Cycladas sparsas per jequor et freta consita 
 
 Faros, und the Oyclades scattered through the sea and the straits sown 
 
 crebis terris. Nauticus clamor exoritur vario certamine. 
 
 with many lands. The naval clamor arises with various emulation. 
 
 Socii hortantur, petamus Cretam que proavos. 
 
 Our companions encourage each other, let us sjek Cretam and our ancestors. 
 
 Ventus surgens zl puppe prosequitur euntes: et tandem 
 
 The wind rising from the stern follow* us proceeding: and at length 
 
 allabimur antiquis oris Curetum. Ergo avidus molior 
 
 \v- arrive at the ancient shores of the Curetes. Therefore eager I raise 
 
 muros optatac urbis, que voco Pergamean: et hortor 
 
 the walls of the wished for city, and I call it the cllyof I'ergamus: and I exhort 
 
 gentem l.-etam cognomine amare focos, que attollere 
 
 my people delighted with the name to love their homes, and TO raise 
 
 arcem tectis. Jamque puppes fere subductce in 
 
 a tower on their houses. And now the ships have been mostly drawn upon 
 
 eicco littore: juventus operata connubiis que novis 
 
 (he dry sh ire: the youth have been busily employed in nuptials and their new 
 
 arvis, dabam jura que domos: cum subito tabida que 
 
 acids. I was distributing laws and houses: when suddenly a wasting and 
 
 miseranda lues, tractu cceli corrupto, venit membris 
 
 pitiable disease, a space of the air corrupted, came upon their limbs
 
 73 139 
 
 que arboribus que satis, et annus lethifer. 
 
 and their trees and crops, and the year becomes destructive of life. 
 
 Linquebant dulces animos, aut trahebant aegra corpora: turn 
 
 They left tfieir pleasant lives, or dragged their sick bodies: then 
 
 Sinus exurere steriles agros. Herbae arebant, et 
 
 th/> dog-star began to burn the sterile fields. The herbs were dried, and 
 
 aegra seges negabat victum. Rursus pater hortatur ire 
 
 the diseased crop denied them sustenance. Again my lather advises to go 
 
 ad oraculum Ortygiae, que Phcebum mari remenso, 
 
 to the oracle of Ortygia, and Apollo the sea being measured back 
 
 precari quern finem ferat fessis rebus; uncle 
 
 to inquire what end be may make to our afflicted affairs; whence 
 
 jubeat tentare auxilium laborum; quo vertere cursus. 
 
 be may order us to seek relief of our sufferings; whither to turn our course. 
 
 Erat nox, et somnus habebat animalia terris. Sacrae 
 
 It was night, and sleep possessed living creatures on the earth. The sacred 
 
 effigies Divum que Phrygii Penates, quos extuleram 
 
 images of the gods and the Trojan household deities, which I had brought 
 
 mecum a Troja que ex mediis ignibus urbis, visi 
 
 with me from Troy and from the middle of the flames of the city, have seemed 
 
 astare ante oculos jacentis insomnis, manifest! multo 
 
 to stand before the eyes of me lying awake, conspicuous by much 
 
 lumine: qua plena Luna fundebat se per insertas fenes- 
 
 light: where the full moon poured herself through the inserted win- 
 
 tras. Turn sic effari, et demere curas his 
 
 dows. Then thus they have seemed to speak, and to diminish my cares with these 
 
 dictis; quod Apollo dicturus tibi delato Ortygiam hie 
 
 words; that which Apollo is about to tell to thee carried back to Ortygia here 
 
 canit: et, en, ultro mittit nos ad tua limina. Nos 
 
 he reveals: and, lo, willingly he sends us to thy dwelling. We have 
 
 secuti te que tua arma, Dardania incensa; nos, sub te 
 
 accompanied thee and thy arms, Troy being burnt; we, under thee 
 
 permensi tumidum aequor classibus; iidem tollemus 
 
 have measured the swollen sea in ships: tec the same will raise 
 
 ventures nepotes in astra que dabimus urbi imperium 
 
 thy future descendants to the stars and will give to thy city the empire 
 
 Tu para magna mcenia magnis, neque 
 
 of tteworld. Do thou prepare great walls for a powerful people, neither 
 
 linque longum laborem fugae. Sedes mutandse: 
 
 relinquish the long labor of thy flight. Your abodes must be changed: 
 
 Delius Apollo non suasit tibi haec littora, aut jussit 
 
 Delian Apollo has not advised for thee these shores, or commanded 
 
 considere Cretae. Est locus Graii dicunt Hesperiam 
 
 to settle at Crete. There is a place the Greeks call it Hesperia 
 
 cognomine: antiqua terra, potens armis atque ubere 
 
 by name: an ancient land, powerful in arms and the fertility 
 
 glebse. (Enotrii viri coluere: nunc fama 
 
 of the soil. CEnolrian men have inhabited it: now there it a report thai their
 
 74 165 
 
 minores dixissc gentem Italiam, de nomine duels. Hsec 
 
 de*ccndantt have called the nation Italy, from the name of the chief. Tlic.-u 
 
 sedes propris nobis: hinc ortus Dardanus, que pater 
 
 Hoots arcdcttined to us: from hence has sprung Dardanus, and father 
 
 lasius; L quo principe nostrum genus. Age, surge et 
 
 lavus; from which prince our race it derived. Come, arise and 
 
 Ijetus refer longsevo parent! haec dicta baud dubitanda. 
 
 joyful relate to thy aged sire these words by no means to he doubted. 
 
 Require Coritum que Ausonias terras: Jupiter negat tibi 
 
 Search out Coritus and the Ausouiaii lands: Jupiter denies to thee 
 
 Dictseaarva. Attonitus talibus visis ac voce Deorum 
 
 the Cretan field?. I hnrr been astonished at such visions and the voice of the god* 
 
 nec erat illud sopor; sed videbar mihi agnoscere vultus 
 
 nor was tlint sleep; but I seemed. to myslf to distinguish their looki 
 
 coram que comas velatas, que prsesentia ora: turn 
 
 openly and their hair adorned with fillets, and their present faces: then 
 
 gelidus sudor manabat tota corpora, corripio corpus 
 
 cold sweat ran down from my whole body, I snatch my body 
 
 stratis, que tendo manus supinas ad ccelum cum voce, 
 
 from the bed, and spread out my hands lilted up to heaven with my voice, 
 
 et libo focis intemerata munera. Honore 
 
 and I pour forth on the hearths the pure offerings. The ofTcrings 
 
 perfecto, laetus facio Anchisen certum, que pando 
 
 being completed, joyful I make Anchiscs sure, and disclose 
 
 rern ordine. Agnovit ambiguam prolem, que 
 
 the circumstance in order. He acknowledged the doubtful offspring, and 
 
 geminos parentes, que se deceptum novo errore 
 
 the double founders, nnd that he has been deceived by the recent mistake 
 
 veterum locorum. Turn memorat: nate, exercite Iliacis 
 
 of the ancient places. Then he relates: O son, exercised by the Trojan 
 
 fatis, Cassandra sola canebat mihi tales casus. Nunc repeto 
 
 disasters, Cassandra alone foretold tome such events. Now I recollect 
 
 portendere haec debita nostro generi, et 
 
 that she foretold that these places have been destined for our nation, and 
 
 ssepe vocare Hesperiam, saepe Itala regna. Sed quis 
 
 often called it Hesperia, often the Italian realms. But who 
 
 crederet Teucros ventures ad littora Hesperiae? 
 
 would believe that the Trojans were about to come to the shores of Hespi>ria? 
 
 aut quern turn vates Cassandra moveret? Cedamus 
 
 or whom then could the prophetess Cassandra move? Let us yield 
 
 Phoebo, et moniti, sequamur meliora. Sic ait; e* 
 
 to Phoebus, and being advised, let us follow better counsels. Thus iie says, and 
 
 cuncti, ovantes, paremus dictis. Deserimus hanc sedetn 
 
 we all, rejoicing, obey his words. We quit this land 
 
 quoque, que paucis relictis damus vela, que currimus vastum 
 
 also, and a few beingjefl wemako sail, and we run over the vast 
 
 iDquor cava trabe. Postquam rates tenuere altum, nec 
 
 Bea our hollow ships. After the ships have gained the deep, no.
 
 75 192 
 
 ullae terras jam amplius apparent undique, coelu.n et 
 
 any lauds now longer appear all around, the heavens appear and 
 
 undique pontus; turn coeruleus imber astitit supra caput 
 
 All around the ocean; then a leaden colored cloud stood over the nead 
 
 mihi, ferens noctem que hyemem; et unda inhorruit te- 
 
 lo me, bringing night and a storm; and the sea grew terrific with 
 
 nebris. Continue venti volvunt mare, que magna aequora 
 
 darkness. Forthwith the winds roll the sea, and vast wav 
 
 surgunt: jactamur, dispersi vasto gurgite. 
 
 arise: we are tossed, scattered on the vast abyss< 
 
 Nimbi involvrediem, et humida nox abstulit coelum 
 
 Clouds have obscured the day, and hihnid night has taken the heave 
 
 ignes ingeminant abruptis nubibus. Excutimur 
 
 from our vific: lightnings redouble from the broken clouds. We are driven 
 
 cursu, et erramus in caecis undis. Palinurus ipse 
 
 from our course, and we wander on the- dark waves. Palinurus himself 
 
 negat discernere diem que noctem coelo, nee memi- 
 
 dcnies to distinguish the day and the night in the heavens, nor to have* 
 
 nisse vise in media unda. Adeo erramus pelago 
 
 remembered the course in ihe midst of the waves. Thus we wander on the sea 
 
 tres incertos soles caeca caligine, totidem noctes sine 
 
 three doubtful days in thick darkness, the same number of nights without 
 
 sidere. Tandem quarto die terra primum visa attollere 
 
 a star. At length on the fourth day the earth tirst has been seen to raise 
 
 se, montes procul aperire, ac volvere fumum. Vela 
 
 itself, the mountains from afar, to open, and to roll smnke. The sails 
 
 cadunt: insurgimus remis; baud mora, nautaa adnixi 
 
 drop: we rise on our oars: there is no delay, the sailors striving 
 
 torquent spumas, et verrunt coerula. 
 
 turn the foam, and sweep the azure seas. 
 
 Littora Strophadum primum accipiunt me bervatum 
 
 The shores of the Strophades first receive me preserved 
 
 ex undis. Insulae dictae Strophades Graio nomine 
 
 from the waves. Those islands called Strophades from a Grecian name 
 
 stant in magno lonio: quas dira Celaeno que alias 
 
 arc situated in the great Ionian sea. which direful Ctktuo and other 
 
 Harpyiae colunt: postquarn domus Phineia clausa, 
 
 Harpies inhabit: since the palace of Phiueus has been closed again it 
 
 que liquSre priores mensas metu. Haud monstrum 
 
 them, and they have left their former tables through fear. Not a monster 
 
 tristius illis, nee ulla saevior pestis, et ira Deorum 
 
 more fell than they, nor any more cruel pest, and scourge of the gods 
 
 extulit sese Stygiis undis. Vultus volucrum 
 
 bath taised itself from the Stygian waves. The faces of those fowls 
 
 virginei, fcedissima proluvies ventris, que uncae 
 
 art like virgins' faces, a most foul efflux of the belly, and hooked 
 
 manus et ora semper pallida fame. Delati hue ubi 
 
 hand? and faces always pale from hunger Wafted hither when
 
 76 220 
 
 intravimus portus: ecce videimis laeta armenta bourn 
 
 ve have entered the harbor: lo we tee fat herds of oxen 
 
 passim campis que pecus caprigenum per herbas, 
 
 all about on th plaint and a flock of goau along the meadows, 
 
 nullo custode. Irruimus ferro, et vocamus 
 
 with no keeper. We rush on them with the. sword, and invoke 
 
 Divos et Jovem ipsum in partem que praedam: tune 
 
 the fod* and Jupiter himself to a share and the booty: then 
 
 extruimus toros curvo littore, que epulamur opimis 
 
 we erect the couches on the winding shore, and we .feast upon the rich 
 
 dapibus. At Harpyiae subitae adsunt horrifico lapsu 
 
 meats. But the Harpies sudden are present with a dreadful descent 
 
 de montibus, et quatiunt alas magnis clangoribus 
 
 from the mountains, and they shake their wings with mighty noises 
 
 que diripiunt dapes, que foedant omnia immundo con- 
 
 and seize our meats, and defile all tnth their filthy touch: 
 
 tactu: turn dira vox inter tetrum odorem. 
 
 then a dreadful voice teas to them amidst a horrid scent. 
 
 Rursum mstruimus mensas, que reponimus ignem aris, 
 
 Again we spread our tables, and we replace the fire on the altars, 
 
 in longo secessu sub cavata rupe, clausa circum arboribus 
 
 in a long retreat under a hollow rock, inclosed around with trees 
 
 atque horrentibus umbris. Rursum ex diverso coeli, 
 
 and ((loomy shades. Again from a different part of the sky, 
 
 que csecis latebris, sonans turba circumvolat praedam 
 
 and dark retreats, the whizzing flock flies around the prey 
 
 uncis pedibus, polluit dapes ore. Tune edico 
 
 with hooked feet, and spoils the meats with their mouth. Then I order 
 
 sociis capessant arma, et bellum gerendum 
 
 my companions that they may -take arms, and that war be waged 
 
 cum dira gente. Faciunt baud secus ac 
 
 with the horrid brood. They do no otherwise than tAey have bee* 
 
 jussi, que disponunt enses tectos per herbam, 
 
 commanded, and they dispose their swords concealed among the grass, 
 
 et condunt latentia scuta. Ergo, ubi delapsae 
 
 end they bide tkcir secreted shields. Wherefore, when gliding down 
 
 dedere sonitum per curva littora; Misenus dat 
 
 they have made a noise through the bending shores; Misenus gives the 
 
 signum cavo sere, ab alta specula; socii invadunt 
 
 if nal from hit hollow brass, from the lofty eminence; my friends attack them 
 
 et tentant nova proelia fcedare ferro obscoenas volucres 
 
 and -try new battles to mangle with the sword these filthy fowls 
 
 pelagi. Sed neque accipiunt ullam vim plumis, 
 
 of the *ea. But neither do they receive any stroke on thtir feather*, 
 
 nec vulnera tergo: que lapsae celeri fugd sub sidera, 
 
 nor wounds on the back: and gliding with rapid flight under the stars. 
 
 rolinquunt semesam prajdam et frada vestigia. 
 
 toy leave tkt half eaten prey and their foul tracks.
 
 77 245 
 
 Celaeir) sola consedit in praecelsa rupe infelix vates 
 
 Jelajno alone alighted upon a very high rock an ill boding prophetess 
 
 que rupit hanovocem pectore: Laomedontiadas 
 
 and sends forth this voice from her breast: Ye sons of Laomedon 
 
 paratis-ne inferre helium, etiam bellum pro csede 
 
 do you prepare lo make war, even war for the slaughter of our 
 
 boum, que juvencis stratis? et pellere insontes Harpyias 
 
 cattle, and bullocks slain? and to drive the innocent Harpies 
 
 patrio regno? 
 
 from their paternal kingdom? 
 
 Ergo accipite, atque figite haec mea dicta in animis; ego 
 
 Wherefore attend to, and fix these my words in your minds; I 
 
 maxima Furiarum pando vobis quse omnipotens pater 
 
 the chief of the Furies disclose to you what the almighty father revealed 
 
 Phoebo, Phoebus Apollo praedixit mihi. Petitis 
 
 to Phrebus, and which Phoebus Apollo hath foretold to me. You seek 
 
 Italiam, cursu; que ventis vocatis ibitis Italiam, 
 
 Italy n your course and the winds being invoked you shall go to Italy. 
 
 que licebit intrare portus. Sed non cingetis 
 
 and it -shall be permitted you to enter the ports. But you shall not inclose 
 
 datam urbem.mcenibus, antequam dira fames, que injuria 
 
 the given city with walls. before dreadful famine, and the injury 
 
 nostrse caedis, subigat vos absumere ambesas mensas 
 
 of our murder, may force you to consume your half eaten tables with your 
 
 malis. Dixit: et ablata pennis, refugit in sylvam. At 
 
 jaws. She said: and borne up on wings, has flown hack to the wood. But 
 
 sanguis gelidus subita formidine, diriguit sociis: 
 
 the blood chilled by sudden fear, grew thick in my companions: thsir 
 
 animi cecidere, nec jam amplius jubent exposcere pacem 
 
 minds have sunk, nor now any more do they order to require peace 
 
 armis, sed voti? que precibus, sive sint Dese, seu dirae 
 
 by arms, but by vows and prayers, whether they may be goddesses, or direful 
 
 que obsccenae volucres. At pater Anchises, palmis passis 
 
 and foul birds. But father Anchises, his hands being stretched 
 
 de littore, vocat magna Numina, que indicit meritos 
 
 out from the shore, invokes the great gods, and appoints proper 
 
 honores: Di, prohibite minas; Di, avertite talem casum, 
 
 offerings: ye gods prohibit the threats; ye gods, avert such a misfortune, 
 
 et placidi servate pios. Turn jubet diripere funem 
 
 nnd propitious preserve the pion?. Then he orders to tear away the rope from 
 
 iittore, que laxare rudentes excussos. Noti tendunt 
 
 vhe shore, and to let fly the sheets shaken out. The south winds stretch 
 
 vela: ferimur. spumantibus undis, qua. que ventus 
 
 the Mils: we are borne on the foaming Jwaves, whithersoever both the wind 
 
 que gubernator vocabant cursum. Jam nemorosa Zacynthos 
 
 and the pilot invited our course. Now woody Zacynthos 
 
 apparet medio fluctu, que Dulichium que Same, etNe- 
 
 njipears in the midst of the waves, and Pulichium and Samos, and Ne-
 
 78 272' 
 
 ritosardua saxis. Effugimus scopulos Ithaca;, rcgoa. 
 
 rtUM lofty willi iu rocks. We escape the rocks of Ithaca, the reulms of 
 
 Laertia et execramur terram altricem sevae Ulyssis. Mox et 
 
 Laertes and execrate the land nourisher of cruel Ulysses. Soon also 
 
 nimbosa cacumina mentis Leucatae, et Apollo formidatus 
 
 the cloudy mmmit of the mountain of Leucales. and Apollo dreaded 
 
 nautis aperitur. Nos fessi petimus hunc, et s.uccedimus 
 
 by sailors isdincovered. We wearied eek this, and repaii 
 
 parvje urbi. Anchorajaciturde prora; puppesstant littore 
 
 to the little city. The anchor is cast from the prow; the ships stand on th* shore 
 
 Ergo tandem potiti insperata tellure, que lustramui 
 
 Therefore at length possessed of the greatly desired laud, we both Mcrifict 
 
 Jovi, que incendimus aras votis: que celebramus 
 
 to Jupiter, and we kindle the altars with vows: and we render celebrated 
 
 Actia littora Iliacis ludis. Socii nudati exercent 
 
 the Actian shores with Trojan games. My companions naked practise their 
 
 patrias palsestras labente oleo; juvat evasisse tot 
 
 country's wrestlings with slippery oil; it delights Mem to have escaped V) many 
 
 Angelicas urbes, que tenuisse fugam per medios 
 
 Grecian cities, and to have held tkeir flight through the middle of tktir- 
 
 hostes. Interea sol circumvolvitur magnum annum, et 
 
 enemies. Meanwhile the sun is rolled round the great year, and 
 
 glacialis hyems asperat undas Aquilonibus. Figo 
 
 icy winter roughens the waves with the north winda. I fix to the 
 
 adversis postibus clypeum cavo sere, gestamen 
 
 fronting door posts of the temple a buckler of hollow brass, the armor 
 
 magni Abantis, et signo rem carmine: ^Eneas 
 
 of great Abas, and I inscribe the transaction by Ma verse: /EJUMS 
 
 haec arma victoribus Danais. Turn jubeo 
 
 tvrpcxdtd these arms taken from the victorious Greeks. Then I order them 
 
 linquere portus, et considere transtris. Socii fcriunt 
 
 to leave the ports, and to sit on the benches. JHy associates strike 
 
 mare certatim, et verrunt sequora. Protinus abscondimus 
 
 he sea eagerly, and sweep the surface. Soon we lose sight 
 
 aerias arces Phaeacum, que legimus litora 
 
 of the aerial towers of the Phmacian*. arid we coast along the shore* 
 
 Epiri, que subimus Chaonio portu, et ascendimus celsam 
 
 of Eptruv, and enter the Chaoniaii port, and we go up to the lofty 
 
 nrbem Buthroti. 
 
 city of nmhrotiis. 
 
 Hie incredibilis fama rerum occupat aures, Helenum 
 
 Here .in Incredible report of things takes r ears, that Hclomi* 
 
 Priamiden regnare per Graias urbes, potitum 
 
 the son nf Priam reigned over Grecian cities, posFnil 
 
 conjugio que sceptris Pyrrhi ^Eacidae. et 
 
 oYthe spmi-o and trie sceptre* M Pyrrus the grandson of JF.&c is, anrf 
 
 Andromachen iterum cessisse marito patrio 
 
 U Andromache again ImJ fallen to a husband of her own com "' it
 
 79 298 
 
 Oostupui; que pectus incensum miro amore 
 
 I was amazed; and my breast has been inflamed with a wonderful desire 
 
 compellare virum, et cognoscere tantos casus 
 
 to address the hero, and to know so great events 
 
 Progredior portu, linquens classes et litora. Tom 
 
 I advance from the port, leaving the fleet and the shores. Then 
 
 forte Andromache libabat solemnes dapes et tiistia 
 
 by chance Andromache was offering the yearly feasts and mournful 
 
 dona cineri, ante urbem, in luco, ad undam falsi 
 
 gifts to the ashes of Hector, before the city, in a grove, at the water'of the false 
 
 Simoentis, que vocabat manes ad Hectoreum tumulum, 
 
 Simois, and was invoking the manes at the Hectorean tomb, 
 
 quern inanem sacraverat viridi cespite, et geminas 
 
 which empty she had consecrated with green turf, and two 
 
 aras causam lachrymis. Ut amens conspexit me 
 
 altars the incentive taker tears. As soon as amazed she has seen me 
 
 venientem, et Troi'a arma circum; exterrita magnis 
 
 coming up, and the Trojan arms around; terrified at the mighty 
 
 monstris, diriguit in medio visu; calor reliquit ossa; 
 
 prodigies, she fainted in the midst of the sight; heat has left her bones: 
 
 labitur: et tandem vix fatur longo tempore: Nate 
 
 she falls: and at length scarcely speaks after a long interval: O born of a 
 
 Ded, affers ne te mihi, vera facies, verus nuncius? 
 
 goddess, do you bring yourself to me, a real form, a true messenger? 
 
 vivisne? aut si alma lux recessit, ubi est Hector? 
 
 lo you live? or if cheerful light has gone from you, whore is Hector? 
 
 Dixit, que effudit lachrymas et implevit omnem locum 
 
 She said, and poured forth tears and filled all the place 
 
 clamore. Vix subjicio pauca furenti, et 
 
 with her cry. Scarcely do I answer a few words to her raving, and 
 
 lurbatus hisco raris vocibus: equidem vivo, que duco 
 
 affl'cted I open my mouth in few words: indeed I live, and draw out 
 
 vitam per omnia extrema. Ne dubita, nam vides vera. 
 
 life through all perils. Do not doubt, for you se realities. 
 
 Heu! quis casus excipit te dejectam tanto 
 
 Ah! what misfortune hath befallen thee dejected by the loss of so great a 
 
 conjuge? aut qiiae fortuna satis digna revisit? 
 
 husband? or what fortune sufficiently worthy hath returned to you? 
 
 Andromache Hectoris, servas connubia 
 
 O Andromache once Hector's wife, dost thou preserve the marriage o 
 
 Pyrrhi? dejecit vultum et locuta est demissa 
 
 Pyrrhus? she has cast down her countenance and has spoken in a low 
 
 voce: virgo Priameia una felix ante alias, jussa 
 
 voice: O virgin daughter of Priam alone happy above others, doomed 
 
 .mori ad hostilejn tumulum sub altis moenibus Trojoe: 
 
 lo die at an enemy's tomb under the lofty walls of Troy; 
 
 qure non pertulit ullos sortitus, nee captiva letigit 
 
 Who hath not borne any lots, nor as a captive hath touched
 
 60 324 
 
 euoile victoris heri! nos vectie per diversa atquora, 
 
 tit bed of vktorious lord! we convcyoiT over various seas, our 1 
 
 patria incensa enixae, servitio tulimus 
 
 UMjntry being burnt being brought forth, in servitude have endured the 
 
 fastus stirpis Achilleae, que superbum juvenem.i 
 
 bauKhtineci of the offspring of Achilles. and the proud youth; 
 
 <|ui dcinde secutus Hcrmionen, Ledaeam, que 
 
 who afterwards having followed Hermione, the (laughter of Lcda, and' 
 
 Laceda?moneos hymenaeos transmisit me famulam Hcleno 
 
 the Lacedemonian marriages hath delivered me a slave to Helenus 
 
 famulo que habendam. Ast Orestes inflammatus magno 
 
 slave olso to be possessed by him. But Orestes inflamed with anlcni 
 
 amore conjugis erepta;, et agitatus furiis scelerum, 
 
 love of Ais spouxc torn from him and driven by the furies of Ins crimes, 
 
 excipit ilium incautum, que obtruncat ad patrias aras. 
 
 surprise* him unprepared, and murders Aim at his native altars. 
 
 Morte Neoptolemi pars regnorum reddita cessit 
 
 By the death of Neoptolcmus a part of his kingdoms restored has fallen to 
 
 Heleno; qui dixit campos cognomine Chaonios, que 
 
 Helenus; who has called the plains by the name Cliaoniau, and the 
 
 omnem Chaoniam a Trojano Chaone: que addidit Per- 
 
 whole country Chaonia from Trojan Chaon. and naa built Per- 
 
 gama que hanc Iliacam arcem jugis. Sed qui venti, 
 
 gamus and this Trojan tower on the mountains. But what winds, 
 
 qute fata dedere cursum tibi? aut quis Deus appulit 
 
 what fates have directed the course hither to you? or what god* has driven 
 
 te ignarum nostris oris? quid puer Ascanius? superatne, 
 
 you ignorant to our coasts? what does the boy Ascanius? doee he live, 
 
 et vescitur aurd? 
 
 and live upon the air? 
 
 Quern Troja jam tibi jam est ecqua cura puero 
 
 Whom Troy now to you now is there any concern to the hoy 
 
 amissn; parentis? et ecquid pater jEneas et avunculus 
 
 of Ais lost pnrcnt? and what does his father JRnvas and Ms uncle 
 
 Hector excitat in antiquam virtutcm que viriles aniinos? 
 
 Hector excite Aim to ancient valour and manly courage? 
 
 Lacrymans fundebat talia, que incassum ciebat longos 
 
 Weepi*hg she poured forth such words, and in vain excited long 
 
 fletus; cum heros Helenus Priamides aflfert sese a 
 
 wecpinp; when the hero Helenus the son of Priam brings himself from 
 
 mcenibus, multis comitantibus que agnoscit suos que 
 
 the walln, many accompanying Aim and recognizes his friends and 
 
 Iselus ducit ad limina; et fundit lachrymas multum 
 
 pleased conducts them to the palace; and pours forth tears ahnndan.lv 
 
 inter singula verba. Procedo, et agnosco parvam Trojam 
 
 between each word. I move forward and I know little Troy 
 
 ijue Pergama simulata magnis, et arentem rivum 
 
 and Pi-rgamus rcxemhlinj[ the great, and the dry river tulltd
 
 81 350 
 
 cognomine Xanthi: que amplector limina Scasae portse. 
 
 ay the name of Xanthus: and I embrace the threshold of the Sca\in gate. 
 
 Et necnon Teucri siraul fruuntur socid urbe. Rex 
 
 And algo the Trojans at the same time enjoy the friendly city. The king 
 
 accipiebat illos in amplis porticibus. In medio aulai' 
 
 received them in the spacious galleries. In the middle of the court 
 
 libabant pocula Bacchi, dapibus impositis auro, que tenebant 
 
 they drank cups of wine, the meats being served on gold, and they held 
 
 pateras. 
 
 (he goblets. 
 
 Jamque dies, que alter dies, processit; et aurse vocant 
 
 And now one day, and another day, has passed by; and the gales call 
 
 vela, que carbasus inflatur tumido Austro. Aggredior 
 
 the sails, and the canvass is inflated by the swelling south wind. I accost 
 
 vatem his dictis, ac quaeso talia: Trojugena; Interpres 
 
 the prophet in these words, and I intreat such things: Trojan born, Interpreter 
 
 Divfim, qui sentis numina Phcebi, qui tripodas, qui 
 
 of the Gods, who knowest the will of Phoebus, who knowest the tripods, who 
 
 lauros Clari, qui sidera, et linguas 
 
 knowest the laurels of the Clarian God, who knowest the'stars. and the notes 
 
 volucrum, et omina prsepetis pennae, age fare, namque 
 
 of the birds, the omens of the swift wing, come say, for 
 
 prospera relligio dixit omnem cursum mihi; et cuncti 
 
 propitious auspices have directed the whole course to me; and all 
 
 Divi numine suaserunt petere Italiam et tentare 
 
 the Gods by iAeir authority have persuaded me to seek Italy and to explore 
 
 terras rep6stas: Celaeno Harpyia solacanitnovumprodigium 
 
 lands reserved: Celseno the Harpy alone predicts a new prodigy, 
 
 que nefas dictu, et denuntiat tristes iras que obsccenam 
 
 and horrible to be told, and foretells vengeful wrath and furious 
 
 famem. Quse pericula prima vito? ve sequens quid 
 
 hunger. What dangers first do I shun? or following what counsel 
 
 possum superare tantos labores? Hie Helenus juvencis 
 
 can L surmount so great difficulties? Here Helenus' bullocks 
 
 primum csesis de more, exorat pacem Divum, que 
 
 first being slain according to custom, implores the favour of the Gods, and 
 
 resolvit vittas sacrati capitis, que ipse ducit me manu 
 
 unbinds the fillets of his consecrated head, and he himself leads me by the hand 
 
 ad tua limina, Phoebe! suspensum multo numine: atque 
 
 to thy temples, O I'luelws! anxious at the mighty power 1 and the 
 
 sacerdosdeinde canit hsec ex divino ore: Nate Dcd; 
 
 priest then declares these things from his divine jnouth: Oh Goddess born; 
 
 nam fides manifesta te ire per altum majoribus auspiciis: 
 
 for the evidence is clear that you go over the deep with greater auspices: 
 
 rex Deum sic sortitur fata, que volvit vices: 
 
 .he Kinpof the Gods thus dispenses his decrees, and rolls the series of events 
 
 is ordo vertitur. Expediam tibi dictis pauca 
 
 that order (or course of thing s) is filed. I will unfold to you in words a few
 
 62 37? 
 
 e multis, quo tutior lustres fiospiha aequora. 
 
 at many that more safe you may iurvey th intervening seas 
 
 et possis considere Ausonio portu: nam Pare prohibent 
 
 tnd be able to nettle in the Ausoman port: for the Fate* forbid you 
 
 tclre castera: que Saturnia Juno vetat Helenum fari. 
 
 to know (he rest: and Saturnian Juno prohibits Helenus to speak. 
 
 Principio, longa via invia longis terns dividit Italiam 
 
 Firtt, a long voyage interrupted by extensive lands separates Italy 
 
 procul, quam tu, ignarejarn rere propinquam que 
 
 at a dltanc/rom you. which you, O ignorant now think to 4 near and 
 
 paras invadere vicinos portus. Et remus lentandus in 
 
 you prepare to enter tbe near ports. And the oar must be bent in 
 
 Trinacrii unda et aequor Ausonii sails lustrandum 
 
 the Sicilian wave and the surface of the Ausooian sea must be sailed over 
 
 navibus que inferni lacus que insula 
 
 by your ships and the infernal lakes art to be passed veer and the island 
 
 JEKX Circae antequam possis componere urbem 
 
 jf.xan Circe it to It approached before you can be able to build a city 
 
 tut& terra. Dicam tibi signa: tu teneto condita 
 
 in a safe land. T will declare to you the signs: do you retain them laid up 
 
 mente. Cum ingens sus inventa tibi solicito ad undam 
 
 In your mind. When a great sow discovered for you anxious by the waves 
 
 secret! fluminis sub ilicibus litoreis enixa 
 
 of a secret river under the holm trees along the shore having brought forth 
 
 foetus triginta capitum jacebit solo recubans alba 
 
 litter of thirty heads shall lie on the ground reclining herself white 
 
 albi nati circum ubera; is erit locus urbis ea 
 
 mnd her white young around her dugs; that shall be the scite of your city that 
 
 certa requies laborum. Nee tu horresce futures morsus 
 
 a certain rest of your labours. Nor do you dread the future eating 
 
 mensarum, fata invenient viam que Apollo vocatus 
 
 ifyeur tables, the fates shall find a way and Apollo invoked 
 
 aderit Autem effuge has terras que hanc oram Itali 
 
 hall be present. But shun these countries and this coast of the Italian 
 
 litoris qutE proxima perfunditur aestu nostri sequoris: cuncta 
 
 bore which nearest is washed by the tide of our sea: all 
 
 moenia habitantur malis Graiis. Hie, et, Narycii 
 
 Uscitio* are inhabited by the wicked Greeks. Here, also, the Narycian 
 
 Locri posuerunt moenia et Lyctius Idomeneus obsedit 
 
 Locrians have placed their walls and Cretan Idomeneus has occupied 
 
 Salentinos campos milite: hie ilia parva Petilia subnixa 
 
 the Salcntine plains with soldiery here is that little Petilia defended 
 
 muro Philoctetae Milibcei ducis. Quin ubi classes 
 
 by the wall of Philoctctes the Meliboean Chief But when your fleet 
 
 transmissae trans sequora steterint et jam solves vota 
 
 wafted across the seas shall have stood and now you shall pay your vows 
 
 aris positis litore; velare adopertus comas 
 
 tlura being placed on the shore; be tbou veiled covered as to your hair with a
 
 83 405 
 
 purpureo amiclu: ne qua hostilis fades occurrat inter 
 
 purple veil: lest any hostile countenance may appear amidst 
 
 sanctos ignes in honore Deorum, et turbet omina. 
 
 the sacred fires in honor of the Gods, and disturb the omens. Let your 
 
 Socii himc morem sacrorum, ipse teneto hunc: 
 
 friends observe this custom of the sacred rites, do you yourself observe thisj 
 
 casti nepotes maneant in hac religione. 
 
 your pious descendants may persevere in these rites. 
 
 Ast ubi ventus admoverit te digressum, Siculae orse, 
 
 But when the wind shall have brought you departed, to the Sicilian coast, 
 
 et claustra angusti Pelori rarescent, tellus loeva et 
 
 and the straights of narrow Pelorus* shall grow wider, the land on the left and 
 
 ffiquora laeva petantur tibi longo circuitu: fuge 
 
 the seas on the left may be sought for you by a long circuit: fly 
 
 dextrum litus et undas. Ferunt haec loca, quondam 
 
 the right shore and waves. They report that these places, formerly 
 
 convulsa vi et vastd ruind, dissiluisse: longinqua 
 
 orn away by violence and vast desolation, to have broke asunder: long 
 
 vetustas aevi valet mutare tantum cum utraque tellus 
 
 duration of time is able to change things so much when each lane 
 
 foret protinus una, pontus venit medio vi, et 
 
 might be entirely one, the sea rushed in between with violence, and 
 
 undis abscidit Hesperium latus Siculo, que 
 
 with its waves separated the Italian shore from the Sicilian, and with a 
 
 angusto a?stu interluit arva et urbes diductas litore. 
 
 narrow current flows between fields and cities separated by a shore. 
 
 Scylla obscidet dextrum latus implacataCharybdislasvum: 
 
 Scylla occupies the right side and implacable Charybdis the left: 
 
 atque ter sorbet vastos fluctus abruptum in imo gurgite 
 
 and thrice she swallows vast waves precipitately in the deep gulf 
 
 barathri, que rursus erigit alternos sub auras, etverberat 
 
 of her maw, and again raises them alternate to the air, and strikes 
 
 sidera unda. At spelunca cohibet in caecis latebris 
 
 the stars with the waves. .But a cavern confines in its dark recesses 
 
 Scyllam exsertantem ora, et trahentem naves in saxa. 
 
 Scylla opening her mouth, and drawing the ships among the rocks. 
 
 Prima facies hominis et virgo pulchro pectore 
 
 Her upper part is of a human being and a virgin with, a handsome breast 
 
 tenus pube: postrema Pristis immani corpore, 
 
 as far as the middle: her lowest part is a Pristis of an enormous body 
 
 commissa Delphinfim caudas utero luporum. 
 
 joined a Dolphin's tails to the belly of wolves. 
 
 Prcestat cessantem lustrare metas Trinacrii 
 
 It is best that you delaying should sail around the borders of Sicilian 
 
 Pachyni, et circumflectere longos cursus, quam semel 
 
 Pachynus, and to wind about long circuits, than at once 
 
 vidisse informem Scyllam sub vasto antro, et 
 
 that you should nee misbapen Scylla in her vast cavern and tin'
 
 84 432 
 
 r-xa resonantia cceruleis canibus. Prseterea si qua pru- 
 
 riK-m rcounding with her tea green dogs. Besides if any know- 
 
 Jentia est Heleno si qua fides vati si Apollo implet 
 
 ledge if to Helonui if any trust ' to a prophet if Apollo fill* A.'s 
 
 animum veris; Nate Defi, predicam tibi illud unura 
 
 wind with truths; Goddess born, I will foretell to you that one 
 
 que unum prae omnibus et repetens que iteium 
 
 Uking and one above all others, and repeating it and again 
 
 que iterum moncbo. Primum adora prece 
 
 lid again I will admonish you. First worship with prayer 
 
 numen magnse Junonis;. libens cane vota Junoni, que 
 
 the divinity of great Juno; willing offer vows to Juno, and 
 
 supera potentem dominam supplicibus donis; sic denique 
 
 overcome the powerful queen with suppliant offerings: thus at length 
 
 mittre victor Italos fines, Trinacrifi, 
 
 you shall be sent conqueror to the Italian territories, Trinacria 
 
 relicta. Ubi delatus hue accesseris Cumeam 
 
 being left. When wafted liitlier you shall have arrived at the Cuniean 
 
 urbem, que divinos lacus, et Averna sonantia silvis, 
 
 city, and the divine lakes, and Avcrnus roaring in the woods, 
 
 aspicies insanam vatem, quae canit fata sub 
 
 you shall see the inspired prophetess, who reveals the fates under the 
 
 imi rupe que mandat notas et nomina foliis. 
 
 bottom of the rock and commits her characters and words to the leaves. 
 
 Virgo digerit in numerum, atque relinquit seclusa antro, 
 
 The virgin arranges in measure, and leaves laid up in her cave, 
 
 qusecunque carmina descripsit in foliis: ilia manent 
 
 whatsoever predictions she has inscribed on the leaves: they remain 
 
 immota locis, neque cedunt ab ordine. Verum 
 
 unmoved in their places, nor do they recede from their order. But 
 
 cum tenuis ventus impulit eadem, cardine verso et 
 
 when a gentle wind hits move. I the same, the hinge being turned and 
 
 janua turbavit teneras frondes, nunquam deinde curat 
 
 the gate has deranged the tender leaves, never afterwards she cares 
 
 prendere volitantia cavo saxo, nee revocare situs, 
 
 lo catch them flying about in the hollow rock, nor to restore their situations, 
 
 aut jungere carmina. Abeunt inconsulti, que odere 
 
 or to connect the prophecies. They depart unadvised, and have hnted 
 
 sedem Sibyllae. Hie nequa dispendia morae fuerint 
 
 the cave of the Sybil. Here not any expense of delay shall have been 
 
 tibi tanti quamvis socii increpitent, et 
 
 lo you of so much value although your companions may chide, and ymtr 
 
 cursus vocet vela in altum, vi que possis implere 
 
 voyage may invite your sails into the deep, with force and you may be able to fill 
 
 secundos sinus, quin adeas vatem, que precibus 
 
 the prosperojs sails, but that you may go to the prophetess, and with prsjera 
 
 poscas ipsa canat oracula, que volens resolvat vocem 
 
 implore Uuil she may declare the oracles, and willing unloose her voice
 
 85 ' 457 
 
 ttque ora. Ilia expediet tibi populos Italiae, que bella 
 
 and her mouth. She will explain to you the people of Italy, and the wars 
 
 ventura, et quo modo que fugias que feras quemque 
 
 about to come, and in what manner both you can escape and bear every 
 
 laborem; que venerata dabit secundos cursus. Haecsunt 
 
 hardship; and reverenced will give you a prosperous voyage. These are 
 
 quas liceat te moneri nostra 
 
 those things of which it may be permitted that you should be admonished by our 
 
 voce. Age, vade, et factis fer ingentem Trojam ad 
 
 voice. Come, proceed, and by your deeds raise mighty Troy to 
 
 sethera. Quse postquara vates sic effatus est 
 
 the skies. Which words after the prophet thus has spoken 
 
 amico ore, dehinc imperat dona gravia auro que 
 
 with friendly mouth, then he commands presents heavy with gold and 
 
 secto elephanto ferri ad naves, que stipat carinis 
 
 with cut ivory to be carried to the ships, and he stows in the ships 
 
 ingens argentum que Dodonseos lebetas, loricam 
 
 much silver and Dodonean kettles, a coat of mail 
 
 consertam hamis que trilicem auro, et conum insignis 
 
 fastened with rings and triple with gold, and the cone of a handsome 
 
 galeae que comantes cristas, arma Neoptolemi: sua dona 
 
 helmet and hairy crests, the arms of Neoptolemus: his own gifts 
 
 sunt parenti. Addit equos, que addit duces: supplet 
 
 are to my father. He adds horses, and he adds guides: he supplies 
 
 remigium: 
 
 rowers: 
 
 Simul instruit socios armis. Interest 
 
 At the same time he furnishes my adherents with arms. In the mean while 
 
 Anchises jubebat aptare classem veils, ne qua mora 
 
 Anchises ordered us to equip the fleet with sails, lest any delay 
 
 fieret vento ferenti. Quern interpres Phcebi corn- 
 should be made to the wind favoring. Whom the interpreter of Apollo ad- 
 
 pellat multo honore: Anchisa dignate superbo conjugio 
 
 dresses with great respect: O Anchises honored with the exalted marriage 
 
 Veneris, cura Deum, bis erepte minis Pergameis, ecce 
 
 of Venus, the care of the gods, twice saved from the ruins of Troy, lo! 
 
 tellus Ausoniae tibi; arripe hanc velis. Et tamen 
 
 the land of Italy is to you; take this with your ships. And yet 
 
 necesse est prasterlabare hanc pelago. Ilia pars Ausoni an, 
 
 it is incum cent that you sail beyond this on the ocean. That part of Ausonia 
 
 quam Apollo pandit procul. Vade, ait, felix pietate 
 
 which Apollo reveals 's remote. Go, he says, O happy in the piety 
 
 nati: quid provehor ultra, et fando demoror surgentes 
 
 of your son: why am I carried farther, and by speaking delay the rising 
 
 Austros? Nee minus Andromache, mcesta supremo digressu, 
 
 winds? Likewise Andromache, sad at our final departure, 
 
 fert vestes picturatas subtemine auri, et Phrygiam 
 
 brings forth garments wrought with a thread of gold, and a Phrygian
 
 80 484 
 
 thlamydem Ascanio: nee cedit honori: que 
 
 ulilary cloak for Ascauius: nor docs the fall short of ktr dignity: and 
 
 onerat textilibus donis, ac fatur talia: Puer, accipe 
 
 lie loads him with woven presents, and speaks such words: O boy, accept 
 
 hacc ct quffi sint monumenta tibi mearum manuum, et 
 
 UKM also which may be memorials to you of my bauds, and 
 
 testentur longum amorem Andromachae, conjugis Hcc- 
 
 may evidence the lasting love of Andromache, thespouse of Hec- 
 
 toreze. Cape extrema dona tuorum. 
 
 tor. Receive the last gifts of thy friends. 
 
 O sola imago mei Astyanactis super mihi! Sic ille 
 
 O tJtott the only image of my Antynax remaining tome! Just so be 
 
 ferebat oculos, sic manus, sic ora; et nunc 
 
 moved Ata eyes, just so Aw hands, Just so his countenance; and now he might 
 
 pubesceret cum te, aequali aevo. Digrediens ego affabar 
 
 have bloomed with you, being of equal age. Departing I addressed 
 
 hos lachrymis obortis: vivite felices quibus jam sua 
 
 tht-iii tears gushing forth: live ye happy ones for whom now yonr 
 
 fortuna peracta est: nos vocamur in alia fata ex 
 
 fortune has been accomplished: we are called to different calamities from 
 
 aliis. Quies parta vobis; nullum aequor maris 
 
 different. Eest has been provided for you; no expanse of sea 
 
 arandum: neque arva Ausoniae semper cedentia retro 
 
 is to be ploughed: nor the lands of Ausonia always retreating backward 
 
 quaerenda: videtis effigium Xanthi que Trojam quam vestr 
 
 are to be sought: you see the image of Xanthus and Troy which your 
 
 manus fecere, opto melioribus auspiciis, et quae fuerit 
 
 hands have built, I hope for better fortune, and which shall be 
 
 minus obvia Graiis. Si quando intr&ro Tybrim que 
 
 less exposed to the Greeks. If ever I shall have entered the Tyber and 
 
 vicina arva Tybridis, que cernam moenia data mesa 
 
 the contiguous lands of the Tybcr, and shall see the walls destined for my 
 
 genti: faciemus olim que cognatas urbes, que propinquos 
 
 nation: we will make hereafter both the kindred cities, and the resembling 
 
 populos Epiro, Hesperia", quibus idem Dardanus 
 
 people your* in Epirus, and mine in Italy, to whom the same Dardanus teas 
 
 auctor, atque idem casus, faciemus utram Trojam 
 
 founder, and to whom was the same fortune, we will make / say each Troy 
 
 unam animis: ea cura maneat nostros nepotes. Provehimur 
 
 one in affections: that concern may await our posterity. We are carried 
 
 pelagojuxta vicina Ceraunia: unde iter que 
 
 on the sea near the neighboring Ceraunian mountains: whence our passage and 
 
 cursus brevissimus Italiam undis. Sol ruit interest, et 
 
 course it shortest to Italy on the waves. The sun sets meanwhile, and 
 
 opaci montes umbrantur, Sternimur gremio optat 
 
 the duskv mountains are shaded. We are laid on the bosom of the wished fot 
 
 telluris ad undam, sortiti remos; que passim 
 
 land by the water, having distributed our oars by lot: and here and there
 
 87 510 
 
 cuiamus corpora in sicco litore: sopor irrigat fessos 
 
 we refresh our bodies on the dry shore: sleep invigorates our weary 
 
 artus. Necdum nox acta horis subibat medium orbein: 
 
 limbs. Nor yet night wafted by the hours reached the middle orb. 
 
 Palinurus baud segnis surgit strato et explorat omnes 
 
 Palinurus not inactive rises from his bed and examines all 
 
 ventos, atque captat aera auribus. Notat cuncta sidera 
 
 the winds, and takes the air with his ears. He observes all the stars 
 
 labentia tacito ccelo Arcturum que pluvias Hyades qxie 
 
 gliding in the silent sky Arcturus and the rainy Hyades and 
 
 geminos Triones que circumspicit Oriona armatum auro. 
 
 the two bears and he looks around upon Orion armed with gold. 
 
 Postquam videt cuncta conslare sereno coelo, dat 
 
 After he sees all things to be settled in the clear sky, he gives 
 
 clarum signum e puppi; nos movemus castra que 
 
 the clear signal from the stern; we move our camp and 
 
 tentamus viam, et pandimus alas velorum. Jamque 
 
 attempt our voyage, and spread open the wings of our sails. And now 
 
 Aurora rubescebat stellis fugatis; cum procul 
 
 the morn began to redden the stars being chased away; when far off 
 
 videmus obscures colles que Italiam hurmlem. Achates 
 
 we see thp obscure hills and Italy lying low. Achates 
 
 primus conclamat Italiam; socit salutant Italiam lasto 
 
 first shouts Italy; my companions salute Italy with joyful 
 
 clamore. Turn pater Anchises induit magnum cratera 
 
 clamor. Then father Anchises has adorned a large bowl 
 
 corona" , que implevit mero, que stans in celsi puppi 
 
 with a garland, and has filled it with wine, and standing on the lofty stejn 
 
 vocavit Divos; Dii, potentes maris et terras que 
 
 ho has invoked the gods; O gods, presiding over the sea and the land and 
 
 tempestatum ferte facilem viam vento, et spirate 
 
 tempests grant to us an easy voyage by a/at> wind, and blow 
 
 secundi. Optatae aurse crebrescunt, que jam portus 
 
 propitious. The desired gales begin to increase, and now the port 
 
 patcscit propior, que templum Minervse apparet in arce. 
 
 opens nearer, and the temple of Minerva appears on a mount. 
 
 Socii legunt. vela, et torquent proras ad litora. 
 
 My companions furl the sails, and turn about their prows to the shore. 
 
 Portus curvatur in arcum ab Eoo fluctu; objectae cautes 
 
 The port is curved into a bow from the eastern sea; the opposite cliffs 
 
 spumant salsa" aspergine; ipse latet: turriti scopuli 
 
 foam with briny spray; the port itself lies hid: turreted rocks 
 
 demittunt brachia gemino muro, que templum refugit 
 
 letdown their arms wlth'a double wall, and the temple recedes 
 
 d litore. Hie vidi in gramine primum omen, quatuor 
 
 from the shore. Here I saw on the mead the first omen, four 
 
 equos nivali candore tondentes campum late. Et pater 
 
 >iorses of snowy whiteness cropping the plain all around. And father
 
 88 539 
 
 Anchises; O hospita terra portas bellum: equi 
 
 Anchises ay; O hospitable land ihou bringest war: these meeds 
 
 armantur bello: hacc armenta minantur bellum. Sedtamen 
 
 are equipped Tor war; these herds threaten war. But notwitb 
 
 iidem quadrupedes sueti olim 
 
 landing the same quadrupeds have been accustomed in times pad 
 
 succcdere curru, et jugo ferre concordia frsena: 
 
 to come to the chariot, and in the yoke to bear the quiet reins: then 
 
 est ait spes pacis. Turn precamur sancta numina Palladis 
 
 is he says hope of peace. Then we supplicate the sacred divinity of Pallas 
 
 armisonae, quse prima accepit ovantes: et ante ams 
 
 ounding in arm?, who first received us joyful: and before her altars 
 
 velamur capita Phrygio amiclu; que prseceptis 
 
 we are covered as to our heads with a Phrygian veil; and by the admonitions 
 
 Heleni, quae dederat maxima, rite adolemus jussos 
 
 of Helcnus. which he had given us most important, rightly we offer the prescribed 
 
 honores Argivac Junoni. Haud mora; continue, votis 
 
 sacrifices to Grecian Juno. There is not a delay; immediately, our vows 
 
 perfectis ordine, obvertimus cornua antennarum velata- 
 
 being performed in order, we turn about the ends of our yards rigged with 
 
 rum, quelinquimus domos Grajugenum que suspecta arva. 
 
 Mils, and we leave the abodes of the Greeks and the suspected lands. 
 
 Hinc sinus Herculei Tarenti cernitur, si famaestvera. 
 
 From hence the bay of Herculean Tarentum is seen, if report is true. 
 
 Contri Diva Lacinia attollit se que arces 
 
 On the other side the goddess Lacinia raises herself and the towers 
 
 Caulonis, et navifragum Scyllacaeum. 
 
 of Caulon, and shipwrecking Scyllacxmn. 
 
 Turn procul e fluctu Trinacria ^Etna cernitur: el 
 
 Then at a distance from the waves Trinacrian /Etna is seen: and 
 
 audimus longe ingentem gemitum pelagi, que saxa pulsata, 
 
 we hear from afar the loud roaring of the sea, and the rocks beaten 
 
 que voces fractas ad litora; que vada exultant 
 
 ty the waves, and the sounds broken to the shores; and the shallows boil 
 
 atque arenoe miscentur sestu. Et pater Anchises: 
 
 and thcsands are mingled with the tide. And father Anchises say*. 
 
 Nimirum haec ilia Charybdis: Helenus canebat hos 
 
 Doubtless this i that Charybdis: Helenus foretold these 
 
 scopulos, haec horrenda saxa. O socii eripite, que 
 
 helves, these horrible rocks. OYriends save yourselves, and 
 
 pariter insurgite remis. Faciunt haud minus ac jussi: 
 
 equally rise on your oars. They do not otherwise than commanded. 
 
 Palinurus primus contorsit rudentem proram ad laevas undas: 
 
 Pntinurus first has turned the roaring prow to the left waves. 
 
 cuncta cohon petivit luevam remis que ventis. 
 
 all the squadron sought the left with oars and with the wind* 
 
 Tollimur in ccelum curvato gurgite, et iidem descen 
 
 We are raised to heaven on the vaulted wave, and we the Mine tie
 
 89 565 
 
 dimus ad imos manes, unda subductd, Scopuli 
 
 see n d to the lowest shades, the waves being drawn from under us. The rocks 
 
 ter dedere clamorem inter cava saxa; tei vidimus 
 
 thrice have made a roaring among the hollow rocks; thrice we have seen 
 
 spumam elisam et astra rorantia; Interest ventus cum 
 
 the foam dashed up and the stars bedewed; Meanwhile the wind with 
 
 sole reliquit fessos: que ignari vise, allabimur oris 
 
 the sun has left us wearied: and ignorant of our course, we sail to the coasts 
 
 Cyclopum. Portus immotus ab accessu ventorum, et 
 
 of the Cyclops. The port is undisturbed by the approach of winds, and 
 
 ingens ipse; sed ^Etna tonat juxta horrificis minis: que 
 
 capacious itself; but /Etna thunders near by with frightful ruins: and 
 
 interdum prorumpit atrum nubem ad aethera, fumantem 
 
 ometimes sends forth a black cloud to the skies, smoking 
 
 turbine piceo et candente favilla; que attollit 
 
 with a whirlwind as black as pitch and burning embers; and raises up 
 
 globos flammarum et lambit sidera. Interdum eructans 
 
 balls of fire and touches the stars. Sometimes belching forth 
 
 erigit scopulos que viscera mentis avulsa, que glomerat 
 
 it raises up rocks and the entrails of the mountain torn loose, and whirls about 
 
 liquefacta saxa sub auras cum gemitu, que exapstuat imo 
 
 melted rocks into the air with a groan, and boils from its lowest 
 
 fundd. Est fama, corpus, Enceladi semiustum fulmine 
 
 bottom. There is a report, the body of Enceladus half consumed by lightning 
 
 urgeri hac mole, que ingentem jEtnam - impositam 
 
 is pressed under this mass, and ponderous .tna being placed 
 
 insuper, expirare flammam ruptis caminis; et quoties 
 
 upon Aim, casts up flames from its burst apertures; and as often 
 
 mutat fessum latus omnem Trinacriam intremere 
 
 as he changes his weary side that all Trinacria trembles with the 
 
 niurmure,' et subtexere ccelum fumo. Illam noctem 
 
 uproar, and hides the heaven with smoke. That night 
 
 tecti sylvis preferimus immania monstra: nee videmus 
 
 sheltered by the woods we sufler frightful prodigies: nor do we discern 
 
 quae causa det sonitum. Nam neque erant ignes 
 
 what cause can produce the sound. For neither were there lights 
 
 astrorum, nee lucidus polus siderea- aelhra; sed 
 
 of the stars, nor a bright heaven in the starry firmament; but there were 
 
 nubila obscuro ccclo, et intempesta nox tenebat lunam in 
 
 mists in the dusky sky, and profound darkness kept the moon in 
 
 nimbo. Jamque postera dies surgebat primo Eoo que 
 
 a cloud. And now the next day arose at the first dawn, and 
 
 Aurora dimoverat humentem umbram polo: cum subitc 
 
 Aurora had dispelled the humid ' shade from the sky: when suddenly 
 
 nova forma viri ignoti confecta supremo" macie, 
 
 a strange form of a man unknown to us wasted away with extreme leanness. 
 
 que miseranda cultu, procedit e sylvis, que supplex 
 
 %ud to be pitied for his dress, advances from the wood?, and a suppliant
 
 90 593 
 
 tendit manus ad htora. Respiclmus. Dira illuvies, 
 
 stretches AM hand* 10 the shore*. We look back. Horrible filth KXU M A.m. 
 
 que barba immissa, tegmen concertum spinis: 
 
 and a beard hanging down, and kit covering was fastened together with thorn* 
 
 at cetera Graius, et quondam missus Trqjam in 
 
 but as to the rest ht wot a Greek, and formerly sent to Troy in Au 
 
 patriis armis. Isque ubi procul vidit Dardanios habitus 
 
 country's arms. And he when afar off he l seen the Trojan garment* 
 
 et Troi'a arma, paulum haesit - territus aspectu que 
 
 and Trojan arm?, a little he has hesitated affrighted at the sight and 
 
 continuit gradum: mox praeceps tulit sese ad litora cum 
 
 has checked kit steps: next swift he has brought himself to the shores with 
 
 Hetu que precibus: Teucri tester per sidera, pe. 
 
 weeping and prayers: O Trojans, he says, I implore you by the stars, by 
 
 superos, atque hoc spirabile lumen cceli tollite me 
 
 the powers above, and this Vital light of heaven take me henct: 
 
 abducite quascunque terras: hoc erit sat. Scio 
 
 transport mt to whatsoever land you please: this shall be enough. I know 
 
 me unum e Danais classibus, et fateor petiisse 
 
 myself to b one from the Grecian fleet, a nd -I confess that /have attacked 
 
 Illiacos Penates bello. Pro quo si, injuria nostri sceleris est 
 
 the Trojan abodes in war. For which if, the injury of my crime is 
 
 tanta, spargite me in fluctus, que immergite vasto ponto. 
 
 o great, scatter me upon the waves, and plunge me in the vast ocean. 
 
 Si pereo, juvabit periise manibus hominum. 
 
 If I perub, it will delight me to have perished by the bands of men. 
 
 Dixerat; et amplexus genua, que volutans genibus, 
 
 He bad raid; and embracing our knees, and throwing himself on his knees, 
 
 hzerebat. Hortamur fan qui sit, quo sanguine 
 
 be clung to us. We exhort. Aim to sa^ who he may be, from what family 
 
 cretus; deinde fateri quae fortuna agitet Pater Anchises 
 
 sprung; then to confess what fortune may trouble him. Father Ancbises 
 
 ipse moratus haud multa, dat dextram juveni, atque 
 
 himself delayed not much, gives his right hand to the youth, and 
 
 firmat animum praesenti pignore. Ille fatur haec 
 
 eonfinna his mind vithtiicrcnAy pledge. He speaks these words, 
 
 formidine tandem deposita: sum ex patrifi. Ithaca, 
 
 fear at length being laid aside: I am from the country Ithaca, 
 
 comes infelicis Ulyssei, nomen Achemenides: profectus 
 
 a companion of unfortunate Ulysses, my name is Achemenides: I went to 
 
 Trojam, genitore Adamasto paupere, que utinam fortuna 
 
 Troy, my parent Adamastus being poor, and O that fortune 
 
 mansisset! Hie socii, immemores, deseruere 
 
 could have remained! Here my companions, forgetful, have left 
 
 me in vasto antro Cyclopis, dum trepidi linquunt crudelia 
 
 me in the vast cavern of the Cyclop, whilat I remblirig they quit At* cruel 
 
 limina. Domus intus opaca, ingens sanie, que 
 
 .koA- m , habitation w.thin d&rk vaat andfM of gore. and
 
 91 618 
 
 crucntis dapibus: ipse arduus, que pulsat alta sidera; 
 
 bloody meats: tie himself is tall, and he touches the lofty stare; 
 
 Di avertite talem pestem terris! Nee facilis visu, 
 
 ye gods avert such a pest from the earth! Nor he easy to Ke looked.upon, 
 
 nec affabilis dictu ulli. Vescitur visceribus 
 
 nor easy to be spoken to by any one. He feeds on the .entrails of the 
 
 miserorum, et atro sanguine. Egomet vidi, cum resupinus 
 
 wretched victims, and black blood. I myself have seen, when lying on 
 
 in medio antro, frangeret duo corpora de nostro 
 
 bis back in the middle of his cavern, he would dash two bodies of our 
 
 numero, prensa magna manu ad saxum, que limina 
 
 number, caught by his great hand against a rock, and the threshhold 
 
 aspersa sanie natarent: vidi, cum manderet 
 
 sprinkled with blood would swim: I have seen him when he would devour their 
 
 membra fluentia atro tabo, et tepidi artus tremerent 
 
 membeis dripping with black gore, and their warm limbs would tremble 
 
 sub Jentibus. Haud impune quidem: nec Ulysses 
 
 under his teeth. Not with impunity indeed: nor Ulysses 
 
 passus talia, ve Ithacus oblitus est sui tanto 
 
 suffered such things, or Ithacus has forgotten himself ra so important 
 
 discrimine. Nam simul expletus dapibus, que sepultus vino 
 
 a crisis. For as soon as gorged with food, and buried in wine 
 
 posuit inflexam cervicem que immensus jacuit per antrum, 
 
 be reclined his bent neck and immense lay along the cavern, 
 
 eructans saniem ac frusta commixta cruento 
 
 belching up gore and pieces of human bodies mingled with bloody 
 
 mero per somnum; nos, precati magna numina, que 
 
 wine in his sleep; we, having implored the great gods, and 
 
 sortiti vices, una circum fundimur un- 
 
 having drawn by lota our parts, at once we are scattered around Aim from all 
 
 dique, et acuto telo terebramus ingens lumen, quod 
 
 quarters, and with a sharp weapon we dig out his vast eye, which 
 
 latebat solum sub torva fronte, instar Argolici clypei aut 
 
 lay concealed alone under his stern forehead, as big as a Grecian shield or 
 
 lampadis Phoebeae: et tandem laeti ulciscimur umbras 
 
 the lamp of Phoebus: and at length joyful we avenge the shades of our 
 
 sociorum. Sed fugite, miseri, fugite, atque rumpite 
 
 companions. But fly, O ye wretched, fly, and break your 
 
 funem ab litore. Nam, qualis que quantus Polyphemus 
 
 cable from the shore. For, such and so great Polyphemus 
 
 claudit lanigeras pecudes, in cavo antro atque pressat 
 
 shuts his fleecy flocks, in his hollow cavern and nulka,tAnr 
 
 ubera; centum alii infandi cyclopes vulgo habitant ad hagc 
 
 dugs; an hundred other horrible cyclops commonly dwell upon these 
 
 litora, et errant altis montibus. Cornua lunae jam 
 
 shores, and wander upon these lofty mountains. The horns of the moon now 
 
 complent se lumine tertia cum traho vitam in 
 
 ve filling themselves with light the third time since I drag out my life in
 
 92 MO 
 
 sylvis, inter deserta lustra que doraos ferarum, que 
 
 ihe wooJs. aoiong Ihedencrled haunl* and abode* of wild beast, ant 
 
 nrospicio vastos Cyclopas ab rupe, que tremisco sonitum 
 
 I view the vast Cyclop* from rock, and I tremble at the sound 
 
 pedum que vocera. Kami dant infelicem victum, 
 
 of Uir feet -aniUAey- voice. The boughs afford w scanty sustenance 
 
 baccas, que lapidosa corna et herb pascunt vulsis 
 
 berries. and stony cornels and the herbs feed n with their torn up 
 
 radicibus. Collustrans omnia primum conspexi hanc 
 
 toots. Surveying all things, first I have discovered this 
 
 classem venientem ad litora: addixi me huic, 
 
 licet approaching to the shore: I have surrendered myself to it, 
 
 qusecunque fuissefc satis effugisse nefan- 
 
 whatsoever it might have been: it is enough for me to have escaped the execra- 
 
 dum gentem. Vos potius absumite hanc animam quocunque 
 
 ble race. You rather take away this life by any 
 
 leto. Vix fatus erat ea, cum videmus summo 
 
 death. Scarcely bad lie spoken those wards, when we behold on the highest part 
 
 monte pastorem Polyphemum ipsum moventem se 
 
 Df the mountain the shepherd Folyphemus himself moving himself 
 
 vast! jnole inter pecudes, et petentem nota litora: 
 
 with his vast bulk among his flocks, and seeking the well known sbotea 
 
 horrendum monstrum, informe, ingens, cui lumen ademp- 
 
 u horrid monster, deformed, huge, whose eye has been 
 
 turn. Trunca pinus regit manum, et firmat vestigia: 
 
 taken out. A cut pine guides his hand, and strengthens his steps: Ai* 
 
 lanigerse oves comitantun ea solavoluptas, que solamen 
 
 fleecy sheep accompany Aim: this is hit only pleasure, and solace of Au 
 
 mali: fistula pendet collo. Postquam tetigit altos 
 
 misfortune: his pipe hangs from hit neck. After he has touched the high 
 
 fluctus, et vemt ad sequora, inde lavit fliiidum cruorem 
 
 waves, and has come to the sea, then he has washed the flowing blood 
 
 luminis efibssi infrendens dentibus gemitu: jamque graditur 
 
 of Au eye dugout gnashing with his teeth with a groan: and now lie stalk* 
 
 per medium aequor, nee dum fluctus tinxit ardua latera 
 
 through the middle of the sea, jior yet the wave hath wet his lofty sides. 
 
 Nos trepidi celarare fugam procul inde, supplied 
 
 We fearful begin to hasten our flight far from thence, our suppliant 
 
 recepto sic merito, que taciti incidere funem: et 
 
 being received thus deserving, and silent toe hegm to cut the cable: and 
 
 proni verrimus asquora certantibus remis. Sensit, 
 
 bending forward we s weep the sea with struggling oars. He has perceived 
 
 et torsit vestigia 1 ad sonitum vocis. Verum ubi nulla 
 
 Mt. and ha* turned his steps at the sound of a voice. But when no 
 
 potestas datur affectare dextra, nee potis aequare 
 
 power is given Aim to grasp us with his njht hand, nor he is able to equal 
 
 lonios fluctus sequendo; tollit immensum clamorem, que 
 
 ilif Ionian sea HI pursuing tu; he sets up a vast clamor, by which
 
 93 673 
 
 pontus et omnes undos intremuere, que tellus Italia? penitus" 
 
 the sea. and all the waves have trembled, and the land of Italy entirely 
 
 exterrita, que ./Etna immugiit curvis cavernis. At 
 
 h;is been affrighted, and yEtna has roared in its winding caverns. But 
 
 genus Cyclopum excitum e sylvis et altis montibus ruit 
 
 the race of the Cyclops roused from the woods and lofty mountains rushes 
 
 ad portus, et complent litora. Cernimus JEtnaeos fratres 
 
 to the port, and fill the shores. We see the /Etman brothers 
 
 nequicquam adstantes torvo lumine, ferentes alta capita 
 
 ia vain standing with a stern eye, bearing their high heads 
 
 coelo, horrendum concilium: quales cum asriae quercus aut 
 
 to heaven, a horrid assembly: such as when the aerial oaks or 
 
 coniferas cyparissi constiterunt celso vertice, alta 
 
 cone-bearing cypresses have stood together with their lofty top, the stately 
 
 sylva Jovis, ve lucus Dianse. Acer metus agit 
 
 wood of Jove, or the grove of Diana. Violent fear forces my companion! 
 
 pracipites excutere rudentes quocunque, et 
 
 swift to let out the sheets what way soever they may be able, and 
 
 intendere vela secundis ventis. Contra, jussa 
 
 to spread the sails to the favorable winds. On the other hand, the orders 
 
 Heleni monent Scyllam atque Charybdim; ni teneant 
 
 of Helcnns warn them of Scylla and Charybdis; Mat they may not hold 
 
 cursus inter utramque viam, parvo discrimine leti; 
 
 their course between either way, at a little distance from death; 
 
 certum est dare lintea retro. Autem ecce Boreas 
 
 it is determined to spread the sails backward. But lo! the north wind 
 
 missus a angusta sede Pelori adest: prsetervehor ostia 
 
 sent from the narrow seat of Pelorusis present: I am wafted by the mouths 
 
 Pantagiae vivo saxo, que sinus Megaros, que Tapsum 
 
 of Pantygia of living rock, and the bay of Megara, and Tapsus 
 
 jacentem. Achemenides comes infelicis Ulyssei 
 
 lying low. Achemenides the companion of unfortunate Ulysses 
 
 monstrabat talia relegens retrorsum litora errata. 
 
 pointed out these things to us coasting backward the shores wandered over. 
 
 Insula jacet prsetenta Sicanio sinu contra undosum 
 
 An island lies situated before the Sicilian bay over against boisterous 
 
 Plcmmyrium: priores dixere nomen Ortygiam. Est 
 
 Plemmyriuirr the ancients have called its name Ortygia. ,There is 
 
 fama Alpheum, amnem Elidis, egisse occultas vias hue 
 
 * report that A I plums, a river- of Elis, has worked secret channels hither 
 
 subter mare; qui nunc confunditur Siculis undis tuo 
 
 beneath the sea; which now is mingled with the Sicilian waves by thy 
 
 ore, Arethusa. Jussi, veneramur magna numina loci; 
 
 mouth, O Arcthiifa. Commanded, we worship the great divinities of the place; 
 
 et inde exsupero praepingue solum stagnantis Helori. Hinc 
 
 and thence I pass by the very fertile soil of stagnant Helorus. Hence 
 
 radimus altas cautes et projecta saxa Pachini; et procul 
 
 we coast along the high cliffs and projecting rocks of Pachynus; and afar of!
 
 94 701 
 
 apparel Camarina nunquam concessa fatis moveri, que 
 
 ppcan Camarina never permitted by tbe fates to be movuJ, and 
 
 Geloi campi, que immanis Gela dicta cognomine fluvii. 
 
 the Geloian plains, and immense Gela called by the name of the river. 
 
 Indc arduus Agragas quondam generator magnanimQm 
 
 From thence lofty Agragas formerly the breeder of iiigh mettled 
 
 equorum ostentat longe maxima moenia. Que ventis 
 
 horses shows at a distance its most stately walls. And the winds 
 
 datis linquo te palmosa Selinus: et lego Lilybeia 
 
 being given I leave thee O palmy Selinus: and I coast along the JLilybeiuu 
 
 vada dura caccis saxis. Hinc portus et illaetabilis ora 
 
 hallows dangerous with latent rocks. Hence the port and unjoyous coast 
 
 Drepani accipit me. Hie, actus tot tempestatibus pelagi, 
 
 of Drcpanus receives me. Here, tossed by so many tempests of the ocean, 
 
 heu! amitto genitorem Anchisen, levamen omnis cnrae que 
 
 alas! I lose my parent Anchises, the solace of every care and 
 
 casus: Hie optime pater, deseris me fessum, heu! 
 
 misfortune: Here, O most excellent father, thou forsakest me wearied, ah! 
 
 erepte nequicquam tantis periculis. Nee vates Helenus 
 
 rrscued in vain from so great perils. Nor has the prophet Helenus 
 
 cum moneret me multa horrenda, prsedixit hos luctus 
 
 whf n he might warn me of many dreadful things, predicted these afflictions 
 
 mihi; non dira Celaeno. Hie extremus labor, haec 
 
 tome; not the dreadful Celcno. This teas my last calamity, this 
 
 meta longarum viarum. Deus appulit me vestris oria 
 
 the bound of my long voyages. A god has driven me to your coasts 
 
 digressum hinc. Sic pater ./Eneas, omnibus intentis, 
 
 having departed from hence. Thus father .'Km us. all being attentive 
 
 imus renarrabat fata Divflm, que docebat cursus 
 
 alone related the purposes of the gods, and declared his wandering! 
 
 tandem conticuit, que fine facto hie, quievit. 
 
 at length be has been silent, mid n end being made here, he has rested.
 
 95 
 
 BOOK FOURTH. 
 
 AT Regina jamdudum saiicia gravi cura, alit vulnus 
 
 BUT the queen long since wounded with painful care, cherishes the wound 
 
 venis, et carpitur caeco igni. Multa virtus viri, 
 
 in her veins, and is consumed by the unseen flame. The great virtue of the man, 
 
 que multos honos gentis recursat animo; vultus que 
 
 and the great honor of his race recur to her mind; bis countenance and 
 
 verba hserent infixi pectore, nee cura dat placidam quietem 
 
 his words dwell fixed in her heart, nor does care allow peaceful rest 
 
 membris. Postera Aurora lustrabat terras Phcebea lampade, 
 
 to her limbs. Returning Aurora illumined the earth with the solar lamp, 
 
 que dimoverat humentem umbram polo; cum malesana 
 
 and had scattered the dewy shade from the sky; when the love-sick 
 
 sic alloquitur unanimem sororem: " Soror Anna, quse 
 
 queen thus addresses her affectionate sister: "O sister Anna, what 
 
 insomnia terrent me suspensam! quis novus hospes hie 
 
 dreams terrify me disturbed! what wonderful guest is this who 
 
 successit nostris sedibus? quern ferens sese ore! 
 
 hascome to our habitation? what dignity displaying itself in his counte- 
 
 quam forti pectore et armis! Credo, equidem, nee 
 
 nance! how brave in heart and in arms! I believe Aim, indeed, nor 
 
 fides vana, esse genus Deorum. Timor* arguit degeneres 
 
 is the belief vain, to be the offspring of the gods. Fear argues degenerate 
 
 animos. Heu! quibus fatis ille jactatus! quas bella exhausta 
 
 souls. Alas! by what fates has he been driven! what wars undergone by 
 
 canebat! Si non sederet mihi fixum' quq immotum 
 
 him did he sing! If it might not remain to me fixed and steadfast 
 
 animo, ne vellem socian; me cui jugali 
 
 in my mind, that I should not be willing to unite rnyscl.*' to any one in the nuptial 
 
 vinclo, postquam primus amor fefeU\t deceptam morte: 
 
 bond, after my first love has disappointed me deceived by death; 
 
 si not fuisset pertassum thalami que Isedaa, forsau 
 
 if it had not been unpleasant to think of marriage and the nuptial torch, perhaps 
 
 potui succumbere huic uni culps. Anna, (enim fatebor) 
 
 I could ' yield to this one fault. Anna, (for I will confess) 
 
 post fata Sichasi miseri conjugis, et Penates 
 
 since the fate of Sicheeus my unhappy husband, and since the household gods 
 
 sparsos fraterna caede, hie solus inflertf pensus, 
 
 were stained with fraternal blood, this stranger alone has moved my feelings, 
 
 que impulit labentem animum; agnosco vestigia vetp.ri* 
 
 and has intfirested my wavering mind; I know the symptoms of my fonrej
 
 96 24 
 
 flammae. Sed optcm ve! ima tellus prius dehiscat 
 
 flame. But I would wish either that the deepest earth first may yawn open 
 
 mihi, vel omnipotcns pater adigat me fulmine ad umbras, 
 
 for me, or that the almighty father may hurl me by his thunder to the shades, 
 
 pallcntes umbras Erebi que profundam noctem, antequam 
 
 to the palo shades of Erebus and profound night. before 
 
 violo te, pudor, aut resolvo tua jura. Hie qui primus 
 
 1 violate thee, O modesty, or break thy laws. He who first 
 
 junxit me sibi abstulit meos amores; ille habeat 
 
 united me to himself has borne away my affections; may he retain tht-in 
 
 secum, que servet sepulchre. Effata sic, 
 
 with himself and may he preserve Mem in his grave. Having spoken thin 
 
 implevit sinum obortis lacrymis. Anna refert: " rnagis 
 
 he hai filled her bosom with flowing tears. Anna replies: " O more 
 
 dilecta sorori luce, ne sola moerens carpere perpetua 
 
 dear to thy sister than light, will you alone mourning waste away througlicntire 
 
 juventa, nee noris dulces natos, nee proemia Veneris? 
 
 youth, nor know dear children, nor the rewards of Venus? 
 
 Credis cinerem aut sepultos manes curare id? Esto, 
 
 Do you believe that ashes or the buried dead regard that? Bo it BO, 
 
 nulli mariti quondam flexere aegram, non LibyS, non 
 
 that no suitors formerly have moved you mourning, not in Libya, not 
 
 Tyro ante; larbas despectus, que alii ductores, quos 
 
 in Tyre before; that lurbas has been slighted, and other princes, whom 
 
 Africa terra dives triumphis alit, ne pugnabis etiam 
 
 Africa aland rich in triumphs maintains, will you contend also 
 
 placito amore? Nee venit in mentem quorum arvis 
 
 with a pleasing passion? Nor does it come into your mind upon whose territories 
 
 consederis? Hinc Getulae urbes genus insuperabile bello, 
 
 you are settled? Here Getulian cities, a race unconquerable in war, 
 
 et infnEni Numidae, et inhospita syrtis cingunt. Hinc 
 
 and the untamed Numidians, and inhospitable quicksands surround you. Here 
 
 regio deserta siti, que Barcaei furentes late* 
 
 a region made desert on account of thirst, and the Barca-ans raging far and wide 
 
 Quid dicam bella surgentia Tyro, que 
 
 turround you. Why should I mention the wars rising from Tyre, and 
 
 tninas germani? Equidem reor Illiacas carinas tenuisse 
 
 the threats of your brother? Indeed I think that the Trojan ships have held 
 
 cursum hue vento, Dfs auspicibus et Junone 
 
 their course hither with the wind, the gods favouring and Juno 
 
 secundS. Soror, quam urbem tu cerneshanc! quaeregna 
 
 being propitious. O sister, what a city shall you behold thisl what kingdoms 
 
 eurgere tali conjugio! quantis rebus Punica 
 
 to rise from such a marriage! by what great exploits shall the Carthagenian 
 
 gloria attollet se, armis Teucrum conntantibus! Tu modo 
 
 glory exalt itself, the arms of the Trojans accompanying! Do you only 
 
 posce veniam Deos, que sacris litatis, indulge 
 
 entreat the favour of the gods, and the sacred rites being performed, indulge
 
 97 51 
 
 hoepitio, que innecte causas morandi, dum hiemg 
 
 in .Kispjtality, and devise causes for detaining your guest, while winter 
 
 desjevit pelago, et Orion aquosus, que rates quassatae, et 
 
 rages on tlie sea, &nd Orion is rainy, and his ships are shattered, ana 
 
 ccelum non tractabile. His dictis inflammavit anirnum 
 
 the weather nut endurable. By these words she has inflamed tier mind 
 
 incensum amore, que dedit spem dubiae menti, que 
 
 evci'ed with love, and has given hope to her doubtful mind, and 
 
 solvit pudorem. Principio adeunt delubra, que exqui- 
 
 has banished her modesty. First they go to the temples, and en- 
 
 runt pacem per aras; mactant lectas bidentes 
 
 treat favour through the altars; they sacrifice chosen victims two years old 
 
 de more, legiferse Cereri, que Phoebo, que patn 
 
 according to custom. To the law giving Ceres, and to Phoebus, and to father 
 
 Lyaso; ante omnes Junoni, cui jugalia vincla curse. 
 
 Bacchus; above all to Juno, to whom the nuptial bonds are objects of care. 
 
 Pulcherrima Dido ipsa tenens pateram dextrd, fundit 
 
 I'he most beautiful Dido herself holding the cup in her right hand, pours it 
 
 inter media cornua- candentis vapcee, aut spatiatur ad 
 
 between in the middle of the horns of the white heifer, or walks to 
 
 pingues aras ante ora Deum, que instaurat diem 
 
 the rich altars before the images of the gods, and renews the day 
 
 donis, que inhians reclusis pectoribus pecudum, consulit 
 
 with offerings, and examining the opened, breasts of the victims, consult! 
 
 spirantia exta.. Heu! ignarae mentes vatum! quid vota, 
 
 their panting entrails. Alas! the ignorant minds' of augurs! what do vows, 
 
 quid delubra juvantfurentem? Intere mollis 
 
 what do temples avail a raging lover? In the meantime the gentle 
 
 flamma est medullas, et taciturn vulnus vivit sub pectore. 
 
 flame feeds upon her vitals, and the silent wound lives in her breast. 
 
 Infelix Dido uritur, que furens vagatur tota urbe; 
 
 The unhappy Dido burns with love, and frantic roams over the whole city; 
 
 qualis cerva, sagittd conjectS,, quam pastor agens 
 
 as a deer, an arrow being shot, which a shepherd pursuing 
 
 telis, fixit incautam procul inter Cressia 
 
 with weapons has wounded unsuspecting at a distance among the Cressian 
 
 nemora, que liquit volatile ferrum nescius; ilia 
 
 groves, and has left the winged steel unconscious of its success; she 
 
 fugS. peragrat sylvas que Dictaeos saltus; lethalis arundo 
 
 in her flight bounds over woods and the Dictsan lawns; the fatal arrow 
 
 hasret lateri. Nunc ducit vEnean secum per media 
 
 slicks in her side Now she conducts ^Eneas with her through the midst 
 
 moenia, que ostentat Sidonias opes, que urbem 
 
 of the fortifications, and shows him herSidonian wealth, and the city which she had 
 
 paratam. Incipit effari, que- resistit in media voce. 
 
 laid out. She begins to speak, and stops short in the middle of her speech. 
 
 Nunclabente die, quaerit eadem conviviaj que iterura 
 Now at the declining day. she longs for the same banquets; and again
 
 98 78 
 
 oemcns exposcit audire Iliacos labores, que iterum pendit 
 
 madly Toad ihe bcgi to bear the Trojan disasters, and again hang* 
 
 ab ore narrantis. Post ubi digressi, que luna 
 
 on the lips ol" him relating. Afterwards when they had retired, and the moon 
 
 vicissim obscure premit lumen, que cadentia sidera 
 
 in her turn grotoinf dim suppresses her light, and the setting rtars 
 
 suadent somnos, maeret fola vacua 1 domo, que incubat 
 
 invite sleep, she mourns alone in the vacant hall, and presses 
 
 stratis reliclis; absens, que audit que vide< 
 
 the couch left by JEntas; absent, she in imagination boib In ar.- and seei 
 
 ilium absentem; aut detinet Ascanium grcmio, capta 
 
 him absent, or holds Ascanius to her bosom, captivated with hit 
 
 imagine genitoris, si possit fallere infandum 
 
 resemblance a/his father, as if she could be able lo beguile her unutterable 
 
 amorem. Turres coeptae non assurgunt; juventus non 
 
 love. Hrr towers which toere begun do not rise; her youth do not 
 
 exercet arma ve parant portus, aut tuta propugnacula bello; 
 
 exercise their arms or construct harbours, or protective bulwarks for war 
 
 opera interrupta pendent, que ingentes minae murorum, 
 
 the works interrupted stop, and the great battlements of the walls, 
 
 que machina aequata coelo. Quam simul ac 
 
 and the machinery equalling the sky are discontinued. Whom as soon as 
 
 Saturnia cara conjux Jovis persensit teneri tali 
 
 Juno the dear wife of Jupiter has perceived to be possessed with such 
 
 peste, nee famam obstare furori, aggreditur 
 
 a passion of lore, nor that her honour was able lo oppose its fury, she addresses 
 
 Venerem talibus dictis. Que tu vero que tuus puer refertis 
 
 Venus with such words. Both thou indeed and thy boy acquire 
 
 egregiam laudem et ampla spolia, magnum et memorabile 
 
 distinguished praise and ample spoils, a great and memorable 
 
 nomen, si una femina est victa dolo duorum Divum. 
 
 name, if one woman is overcome by the artifice of two deities. 
 
 Nec adeo fallit me te veritam nostra mcenia, habuisse 
 
 Nor entirely does it escape me that you fearful of our walls. bave held 
 
 domos altas Carthaginis suspectas; sed quis erit modus? 
 
 the buildings of lofty Carthage suspected; but what shall be the bound ? 
 
 aut quo" tanto certamine? Qum potius 
 
 or whither ore ice hastening ant* so great a contention? Why not rather 
 
 exercemus seternam pacem que pactos Hymenaeos? habeg 
 
 bring about a lasting peace and firm marriage? you possess 
 
 quod petisti tot& mente; amans Dido 
 
 lh which you have sought teith your whole mind; the affectionate Dido 
 
 ardet, que traxit furorem per ossa. Ergo regamus 
 
 burns iwtt love, and has drawn its fury into her bones. Therefore let us govern 
 
 huncpopulum communem, que paribus auspiciis; liceal 
 
 this people in common, and with equal favour; let it be lawful 
 
 servire Phrygio marito, que permittere tuae dextra? 
 
 ftrktr to yield to a Trojan husband, and to give up into your hand
 
 99 104 
 
 Tyrios dotales. Olli Venus contra sic ingressa est; 
 
 the Tyrians as a dowry. To her Venus on the other hand thus replied; 
 
 (enim sensit locutam simulata mente quo 
 
 (for she has perceived that Juno spoke with a deceitful mind that 
 
 averteret regnum Italise Lybicas oras.) Quis demens 
 
 she might transfer the empire of Italy to ihe Lybian coasts.) Who mad 
 
 abnuat talia aut malit contendere tecum bello? Simodd 
 
 can reject such terms or choose rather to contend with thee in war? If only 
 
 fortuna sequatur factum quod memoras. Sed feror 
 
 fortune may follow the undertaking which you mention. But I am inclined 
 
 incerta fatis si Jupiter velit unam urbem esse 
 
 lc be doubtful by the fates whether Jupiter be willing that the same city should be 
 
 Tyriis, que profectis Troja, ve probef 
 
 to the Tyrians, nnd to those who are come from Troy, or whether he approve 
 
 populos misceri, autfoedera jungi. Tu conjux; 
 
 that the people be mingled together, or alliances be joined. Thou art his wife; 
 
 fas tibi tentare animum precando. Perge, sequar. 
 
 it belongstoyou to work upon his mind by entreating. Go on, I will follow. 
 
 Turn regia Juno sic excepit: Iste labor erit mecum; nunc 
 
 Then royal Juno thus answered: That labour shall be with me; now 
 
 adverte, docebo paucis quS. ratione quod instat 
 
 attend, I will instruct you in a few words in what manner that which concerns ui 
 
 possit confieri. ^Eneas que miserrima Dido, una 
 
 can be accomplished. ^Eneas and the most unhappy Dido, together 
 
 parant ire venatum in nemus, ubi crastinus Titan extu- 
 
 are preparing to go to hunt in the grove, when to-morrow's sun shall have 
 
 ierit primos ortus, que retexerit orbem radiis. 
 
 brought forth the first dawn, and shall have enlightened the world with his rays. 
 
 Dum alae trepidant, que cingunt saltus indagine, ego 
 
 Whilst the horsemen hurry, and surround the lawns with nets, I 
 
 desuper infundam his nigrantem nimbum, grandine 
 
 from above will pour upon 4hem a blackening storm, with bail 
 
 commixtd, que ciebo omne coelum tonitru. Comites 
 
 intermingled, and I will shake all heaven with thunder. Their attendants 
 
 diffugient, et tegentur opaca nocte; Dido et Trojanus dux 
 
 shall fly, and be covered with dark night; Dido and the Trojan leader 
 
 devenient eandem speluncam; adero et si tua voluntas 
 
 shall come to the same cavern; / will be present and if your consent 
 
 certa mini, jungara stabili connubio, que dicabo 
 
 be sure to me, I will unite them in firm wedlock, and I will consecrate her 
 
 propriam. Hie erit Hymenaeus. Cytherea, non adversata, 
 
 as bis own. This shall be marriage. Venus, not opposed, 
 
 annuit petenti, atque risit dolis repertis. Interea 
 
 agreed to her requesting, and smiled at the fraud discovered. Meanwhile 
 
 Aurora surgens reliquit Oceanum. Delecta juventus it 
 
 Aurora rising has left the Ocean. The chosen youth proceed 
 
 portis, exoilo jubare. Kara retia, plagae, venabula 
 
 from the gates, with the rising day-star. The wide nets, the toils, hunting spears
 
 100 131 
 
 ato ferro, que Massili equitea et odora vis 
 
 With broad pointtd itcel. and the Ma* syllan hornemen and a quick-scented pac 
 
 ranum ruunt. Primi Pcenorum ad limina 
 
 of dogs pour forth. The chiefs of the Carlhaptniangbefniu (he lhn*hi>hl 
 
 expectant reginam cunctantem thalamo; que sonipes 
 
 wait the queen delaying in her chamber, and ArrMred 
 
 stat insignis ostro et auro, ac ferox mandit spumantia 
 
 stand* decorated with purple and gold, and fierce champ* the foaming 
 
 fra-na. Tandem progreditur, magnS. caterva stipante, 
 
 bit*. At length *ke advances, a great crowd surrounding Atr, 
 
 circumdata Sidoniam chlamydem picto limbo; cui 
 
 enveloped in a Sidonian mantle with an embroidered fringe; whnxe 
 
 pharetra ex auro, crines nodantur in aurum, aurea fibula 
 
 quiver was of gold, her hair was tied in a golden knot, a golden clasp 
 
 eubnectit purpuream vestem. Et nee non Phrygii comites. 
 
 binds ker purple robe. And also the Trojan bamU, 
 
 et laetus lulus incedunt; ^Eneas ipse pulcherrimus ante 
 
 and the joyous lulus advance; Ericas himself the most beautiful above 
 
 omnes alios, infert se socium, atque jungit agmina: 
 
 all others, adds himself as a companion, and joins the bands: 
 
 qualis ubi Apollo deserit hibernam Lyciam. que fluenta 
 
 uch as when Apollo leaves the wintry Lycia and the streams of 
 
 Xanthi, ac invisit maternam Delum, que instaurat chores; 
 
 Xanthus, aud revisits his maternal Delos, and renews the dances; 
 
 que Cretes, que Dryopes, que picti Agathyrsi, misti 
 
 and the Cretans, and the Dryopes, and the painted Agathyrsi, mingled 
 
 circum altaria fremunt; ipse graditur jugi.s Cynthi, que 
 
 around the altars shout; he himself moves over the heijhts of Cynthus, and 
 
 fingens fluentem crinem premit molli fronde, 
 
 adjusting his flowing hair presses it with a soft wreath of leaves, 
 
 atque implicat auro. Tela sonant humeris. 
 
 ana entwines it with gold. His arrows rattle on his shoulders. 
 
 ./Eneas ibat baud segnior illo; tantum decus enitet 
 
 2neas moved not inferior to him; so much grace shines forth 
 
 egregio ore. Postquam ventuni in altos 
 
 from his handsome countenance. After they were come among the lofty 
 
 monies, atque invia lustra, ecce! ferae caprae 
 
 mountains, and the pathless haunts, lol the wild goats 
 
 dejectae vertice saxi decurrre jugis; de alii 
 
 driven from the summit of the rock have run down the heights; from the other 
 
 parte cervi transmittunt patentes campos cursu, atque 
 
 part the deer pass over the open plains in their course, and 
 
 fugi glomerant pulverulenta agmina, que relinquunt 
 
 in their flight collect their dusty herds, and leave 
 
 montcs. At puer Ascanius gaudet acri equo in 
 
 be mountains. But the boy Ascanius exults with his sprightly steed IP 
 
 nediis vallibus, que jam preterit hos, jam illos cursu; que 
 
 ibtmid vaJleyi, and now puses by these, now thM in his course; and
 
 101 159 
 
 outat spumantem aprum dari votis inter inertia 
 
 desires tliat a t'uaming boar might be given to his wishes among the feeble 
 
 pecora, aut fulvum leonem descendere monte. 
 
 herds, or that a tawny lion would descend from the mountain. 
 
 Interea coelum incipit misceri magno murmure; 
 
 In the mean time the air begins to be disturbed by a great roaring 
 
 nimbus insequitur grandine commista; et Tyrii comites 
 
 ruin follows with hail intermingled; and the Tyrian attendants 
 
 el Trqjana juventus, que Dardanius nepos Veneris passim 
 
 and (he Trojan youth, and the Dardanian grandson of Venus everywhere 
 
 petiere diversa tecta per agros metu: amnes ruunt de 
 
 have sought different shelters through the fields for fear; rivers pour from 
 
 montibus. Dido et Trojanus duxdeveniunt ad eandcm 
 
 tli,,- mountains. Dido and the Trojan leader come to the same 
 
 speluncam: et Tellus prima et Juno pronuba dant 
 
 cavern: and the earth first, and Juno the goddess of marriage give 
 
 signum; ignes fulsere et aether conscius 
 
 the signal; lightnings have flashed and the sky brightened as conscious 
 
 connubiis; que Nymph.33 ulularunt summo vertice. 
 
 to the nuptials; and the nymphs have shrieked from the highest mountain top. 
 
 Tile dies primus fuit causa lethi, que primus 
 
 That day first has been the cause of death to Dido, and first the cause 
 
 malorum; enim Didoneque movetur specie ve 
 
 of her woes; for Dido neither is moved by the appearance of her crime or 
 
 fama, nee jam meditatur furtivum amorem; vocat conju- 
 
 by honour, nor now does she meditate a secret love; shecalisit mar 
 
 gium; hoc nomine praetexit culpam. Extempld Fama it 
 
 riuge; with this name she screens her fault. Immediately Fame goes 
 
 per magnas urbes Libyas; Fama, malum quo 
 
 through the great cities of Lybia; Fame, an evil being- than whom there is 
 
 non ullum aliud velocius; viget mobilitate, que acquirit 
 
 not any other more swift; she increases by motion, and acquires 
 
 vires eundo; primo parva metu, mox attollit sese in 
 
 strength by advancing; at first small through fear, soon she raises herself into 
 
 auras, que ingreditur solo, et condit caput inter nubila. 
 
 the air, and stalks oti the ground, and hides her head among the clouds. 
 
 Parens Terra, irritata ira Deorum, progenuit illara, ut 
 
 Mother Earth, provoked by the anger of the Gods, brought forth her, aa 
 
 perhibent, extremam sororem Cceo que Encelado, celerem 
 
 they say, the last sister to Cceus and Knccladus, quick 
 
 pedibus et pernicibus alis; monstrum horrendum, ingens, 
 
 on feet and with swift wings; a monster, hideous, huge, 
 
 cui tot vigiles oculi subter, (mirabile dictu) 
 
 .o whom there are as many watchful eyes beneath, (wonderful to be told 
 
 tot linguae, totidem ora sonant, subrigit tot aures, quot 
 
 as many tongues, as many mouths sound, sliu pricks upas many ears, HA there 
 
 sunt plumae corpore. Nocte volat medio cceli, que 
 
 arc feathers on her body. By night she flies through the midst of the air, and
 
 in- 165 
 
 per umbram ten* stridens, nee declinat lumina dulci 
 
 through th shade of ihe earth buzzing, nor does she close her eyes In sweet 
 
 soinno. Luce sedet custos, aut culmine summi tecti, aut 
 
 sleep. By day she sin a*py. either on the roof of a very high building, or 
 
 altis turribus, et terrilat magnas urbes, tarn tenax nuncia 
 
 pon lofty towers, and terrifies great cities. as constant a metsengei 
 
 ficti quc pravi, quam veri. Hsec turn gaudens, replebat 
 
 of falsehood and error, as of truth. She then n-joicing, filled 
 
 populos multiplici sermone, et pariter canebat facta alque 
 
 the people with various reports, and equally uttered facts an 
 
 infecta: uEnean cretum a Trojano sanguine, venisse, cw 
 
 untruths: That /Eneas descended from Trojan blood. had come to which 
 
 viro pulchra Didodignetur jungere se; nuncluxu inter 
 
 man the beautiful Dido thought fit to wed herself; DOW in luxury among 
 
 se fovere hiemem quam longa, immemores 
 
 themselves they enjoyed the winter however long, unmindful of their 
 
 regnorum, que captos turpi cupidine. 
 
 kingdom*, and captivated by a base passion. 
 
 Fceda Dea passim diffundit haec in ora virflm. 
 
 The cruel goddess every where scatters these reports in the mouths of men 
 
 Protinus detorquet cursus ad regemlarbam; que incendit 
 
 Forthwith she turns her course to king larbas; and inflames 
 
 animum dictis atque aggerat iras. Hie satus Ammone, 
 
 bis mind with her words and aggravates his rage. He sprung from Ainnion, 
 
 raptd nympha" Garamantide, posuit Jovi centum im- 
 
 by the ravished nymph Oaramanlis, placed to Jupiter an hundred spa- 
 
 mania templa . latis regnis, centum aras, que sacraverat 
 
 eious temples in his wide realms, a hundred altars, and had consecrated 
 
 vigilem ignem, zeternas excubias Divfim, que solum 
 
 the wakeful Are, the eternal watch -of the gods, and a spot of ground 
 
 pingue cruore pecudum, et limina florentia variis 
 
 .rich with the blood of victims, and the gates blooming with various 
 
 sertis. Que is amens animi et accensus amaro mmore, 
 
 garlands. And he frantic in mind and inflamed by the bitter tiding*, 
 
 dicitur supplex orasse Jovem multa supinis manibus, 
 
 is said suppliant to have prayed to Jupiter much with uplifted hands. 
 
 ante aras inter media numina" Divum: Omnipotent 
 
 before the altars amid the immediate statues of the gods: O omnipotent 
 
 Jupiter, cui Maurusia gens epulata pictis toris nunc libal 
 
 Jupiter, to whom the Moorish nation feasting on painted couches now pours out 
 
 Lenaeum honorem, aspicis haec? An, genitor, 
 
 wine as an offering, dost thou behold these things? Or, O father. 
 
 horremus te necquicquam, cum torques fulmina? que 
 
 do we dread thee to no purpose. when thou hurlesl the thunderbolts? ;uirf 
 
 cseci ignes in nubibus terrificant, et inania murmura 
 
 do blind lightnings in the clouds terrify, and do vain thundering! 
 
 miscent animos. Femina, quae errans in nostris finibus 
 
 our minds. A woman, who wandering in our territorie*
 
 103 213 
 
 posuit exiguam urbera pretio, cui dedimus" litus 
 
 has settled a small city by purchase, to whom we have given land 
 
 arandum, que cui leges loci, repulit nostra 
 
 for tillage, and to whom ve gave the laws of the country, has rejected our 
 
 connubia, ac recepit ^Enean in regna dominum, et nunc 
 
 alliance, and has taken ^Eneas into her kingdom as her lord, and now 
 
 ilie Paris cum semiviro comitatu, subnexus mentum que 
 
 this Paris with his effeminate train, bound as to his chin and 
 
 madentem crinem Masonid mitri, potitur rapto; quippe 
 
 bis moistened hair with a Lydian bonnet, possessed the ravished prize; truly 
 
 nos ferimus munera tuis templis, que fovemus maneni 
 
 \ve bear gifts to thy temples, and cherish a vain 
 
 famam 
 
 fame. . 
 
 Omnipotens audiit orantem talibus dictis, que 
 
 The almighty Jupiter heard him praying with such words, and 
 
 tenentem aras, que torsit oculos ad regia mcenia et 
 
 grasping the altars, and turned his eyes to the royal towers and 
 
 amantes oblitos melioris famse. Tune sic alloquitur Mer- 
 
 to the lovers forgetful of their better fame". Then thus he addresses Mer 
 
 curium, ac mandat talia. Nate, age, vade voca Zephyros, 
 
 cury, and commands such things. O yon, haste, go call the Zephyrs, 
 
 et labere pennis; que alloquere Dardanium ducem, qui 
 
 and glide on (Ay \vms; and address the Trojan leader, who 
 
 nunc expectat Tyrid Carthagine, que non respicit urbes 
 
 now loiters inTyrian Carthage, and does not regard the cities 
 
 datas fatis, et defer mea dicta per celeres 
 
 allotted Aim by the fates, and carry my words to him through the swift 
 
 auras. Pulcherrima genetrix non promisit nobis ilium 
 
 air. His beautiful mother has not promised to us that he should be 
 
 talem, que ide6 bis vindicat armis GraiOm; 
 
 such a man, and thus twice does she rescue Aim from the arms of the Greeks. 
 
 sed fore qui regent Italiam gravidam imperiis que 
 
 but that he should be one who should rule Italy pregnant with empires and 
 
 frementem bello, proderet genus a alto sanguine 
 
 fierce in war, toAo should evince his descent from the high blood 
 
 Teucri, ac mitteret totum orbem sub leges. Si nulla gloria 
 
 of Teucer, and should send the whole world under his laws If no glory 
 
 tantarum rerum accendit, nee ipse molitur laborem super 
 
 of such great things inflame Aim, nor he undertakes the labour ft 
 
 su& laude, ne pater invidet Ascanio Romanas arces? 
 
 Ills own fame, does he a father envy Ascanius the Roman towers? 
 
 Quid struit? aut qui spe moratur in inimi cS 
 
 Wh;it does he purpose or in what expectation does he delay among a hostile 
 
 gente, nee respicit Ausoniam prolem et Lavinia arvar 
 
 nation, nor regards the Ausonian race and the Lavinian fields? 
 
 Naviget. Hsec est summa; hie esto nuncius nostri. 
 
 Let him sail. This is the substance; let this be the message of ours.
 
 104 
 Dixcrat; ille parabat parere imperio magni patns; et 
 
 lie had Raid; be prepared tu obey the command of his great father; mid 
 
 primum ncctit aurea talaria pedibus, qua; portant subnmem 
 
 In. -i he binds the golden sandals to his fuel, which bear Aim aloft 
 
 alls, sive super aequora, seu terram, pariter cum 
 
 on wings, whether above seas, or above land, equal in speed with 
 
 rapido flamine; turn capit virgam; hdc cvocat pallentes 
 
 lite rapid wind: then he takes his wand; with this he calls fortli the pale 
 
 animas Oreo, mittit alias sub tristia Tartara, dat que 
 
 (hosts from Orcus, sends others undcr'tlic gloomy Tartarus, gives and 
 
 adimit somnos, et resignat lumina morte; fretus illd 
 
 takes away sleep, and closes eyes in death; relying upon this 
 
 agit ventos, et tranat turbida nubila. Que jam 
 
 he manages the winds, and skims along the turbid clouds. And now 
 
 volans cernit apicem et ardua latera duri Atlantis, qui fulcit 
 
 flying he sees the top and the lofty sides of rugged Atlas, who props up 
 
 ccr.lum vertice; Atlantis cui piniferum caputassiduecinctum 
 
 the sky with his summit; of Atlas whose pine-bearing head always encircled 
 
 atris nubibus pulsatur et vento et imbri; nix infusa 
 
 with dark clouds is beaten both by the wind and rain; snow spreadover 
 
 tegit humeros; turn flumina precipitant mento senis, 
 
 cover* his shoulders; also rivers roll from the chin of the aged man, 
 
 et horrida barba riget glacie. Hie Cyllenius nitens paribus 
 
 and his rough beard still'ens with ice. Here Mercury poising upon equal 
 
 alis primum constitit; hinc prscceps misit se 
 
 wings first has alighted; hence headlong he has thrown himself 
 
 toto corpore ad undas, similis avi quac volat humilis 
 
 with his whole body to the waves, like to a bird which flics Ion 
 
 juxta requora circum litora, circum piscosos scopulos. 
 
 near the surface of the sea around the shores, around the fishy rocks 
 
 Proles Cyllcnia, veniens ab materno avo, baud 
 
 The son of Cyllenian Maia, coming from his maternal grandsire, just 
 
 aliter legebat arenosum litus Lybiae inter terras que coelum, 
 
 to chose the sandy shore of -Lybia between the earth and heaven ( 
 
 que secabat ventos. Ut primum tetigit magalia 
 
 and cut the winds. When first he has touched the buildings of Ca.rt.hagt 
 
 alatis plantis, conspicit ./Enean fundantem arces ac 
 
 with his winged feet he beholds .ft'.neas founding towers and 
 
 novantem tecta; atque ensis erat illi stellatus fulva iaspide, 
 
 making new edifices; and a sword was to him gemmed with yellow jasper, 
 
 que lacna demissa ex humeris ardebat Tyrio murice; qua 
 
 and a robe flowing from liis shoulders glowed with Tyrian purple; which 
 
 munera dives Dido fecerat, et discreverat telas 
 
 presents wealthy Dido had made Aim, and she hari interwoven the web 
 
 tenui auro. Continue invadit: Tu nunc locas funda 
 
 with flue gold. Forthwith he accosts him: Do you now place tilt foil nd.i- 
 
 tm>.n*a alia; Carthaginis, que uxorius extruis pulcbram 
 
 lions of lofty Carthage, and devoted to a wife do you raise a beautiful
 
 105 267 
 
 urbem? heu! oblite regni que tuarum rerum. 
 
 city? alas! forgetful of your kingdom and of your own concern*, 
 
 Regnator Deum ipse, qui torquet coelum et terras numine. 
 
 The ruler of the gods himself, who turns heaven and earth by his will, 
 
 dcmittit me tibi claroOlympo; ipse jubet me ferfe 
 
 sends me to you from the bright heaven; be orders me to bear to you 
 
 haec mandata per celeres auras: Quid struis? aut 
 
 these commands through the swift air: What do you propose? or 
 
 qua spe teris otia Lybicis terris? 
 
 with what expectation do you waste away your leisure in the Lybiao land:? 
 
 Si nulla gloria tantarum rerum movet te, nee ipse moliris 
 
 If no glory of such great things moves thee, nor yourself undertake 
 
 laborem super tua laude, respice surgentem Ascanium et 
 
 labour for thy own fame, regard the rising Ascanius and 
 
 spes lull haeredis, cui regnum Italia que Romana 
 
 the hopes of lulus thy heir, to whom the kingdom of Italy and the Roman 
 
 tellus debentur. Cyllenius locutus tali ore, 
 
 land are due. Mercury having spoken with such discourse, 
 
 reliquit mortales visus medio sermone et procul 
 
 relinquished his mortal appearance in the midst of his speech and afar 
 
 evanuit ex oculis in tenuem auram. At vero ^Eneas 
 
 vanished from his eyes into thin air. But indeed Aineas 
 
 amens aspectu obmutuit que comae arrectas 
 
 confounded at the sight was speechless and his hair stood upright 
 
 horrore, et vox haesi't faucibus. Ardet 
 
 through horror, and his voice clung to his jaws. He burns with impatience 
 
 abire fuga, que relinquere dulces terras attonitus 
 
 to go away by tii^'lit, and to leave the sweet lauds, thunder-struck 
 
 tanto monitu que imperio Deorum. Heu! quid agat? 
 
 at so great warning and command of the gods. Alas! what can he do? 
 
 quo affatu nunc audeat ambire furentem reginam? Quaa 
 
 with what language now can he dare to address the raving queen? What 
 
 prima exordia sumat? Atque dividit celerem 
 
 first introduction of Ike subject can he take? And he turns his rapid 
 
 animum nunc hue, nunc illuc, que rapit in varies 
 
 mind now on this side, now on that, and hurries it into various 
 
 partes, que versat per omnia. 
 
 directions, and changes through all. 
 
 Haec sen.tentia visa est potior alternanti: vocat 
 
 This determination seemed preferable to him fluctuating: he calls 
 
 Mnesthea que Sergestum, que fortem Cloanthum, ul taciti 
 
 Mnestheus and Sergestus, and the brave Cloanthus, that silent 
 
 aptent classem, que cogant socios ad litora, parent 
 
 they may prepare the fleet, and collect their comrades at the shore, provide 
 
 arma, et dissimulent quae sit causa novandis rebus; 
 
 anna, and dissemble what may be the cause of their changed affairs; 
 
 interea quando optima Dido nesciat, et non 
 
 di the mean lime while the most excellent Dido may not know, and not
 
 106 292 
 
 speret tantos amores rumpi, sese tentaturum adit us, 
 
 suspect such great love to be broken off, that he would try to find the avenue* 
 
 et qua; mollissima tempora fandi; quis 
 
 Ukirktart, and what might be the moct favourable limes .for speaking; what 
 
 dexter modus rebus. Omnes ocius laeti parent 
 
 migkt be a suitable plan for his ail'airs. All speedily joyful ' obey 
 
 imperio, ac facessunt jussa. At regina praesensit dolos 
 
 kis command, and execute At'j orders. But the queen has perceived the frauds 
 
 tquis possit fallere amantem?) que prima excepit 
 
 (>'bo may bo able to deceive a lover?) and Ac first has conjectured 
 
 futures motus, timens omnia tuta; eadem 
 
 tfieir future motions, fearing all things when seeming safe; the same 
 
 impia fama detulit furenti, classem armari, 
 
 w>rKed fame has conveyed the news to her frantic, that the fleet was equipping 
 
 que cursum parari. Saevit inops animi, que incensa 
 
 and a voyage was preparing. She rages destitute of reason and furious 
 
 bacchatur per totam urbem: qualis Thyas excita commotis 
 
 roams wildly over the whole city; like a Bacchanal excited by the agitated 
 
 sacris ubi trieterica orgia stimulant, Baccho audito, 
 
 sacred rites when the triennial orgies arouse her, the name of Bacchus being heard 
 
 que nocturnus Cithaeron vocat clamore. Tandem ultro 
 
 and the nightly Cithzron calls her with clamour. At length, spontaneously 
 
 compellat JEnezn his vocibus: Perfide sperasti etiam 
 
 she addresses ./Eneas with these words: O treacherous man hast thou hoped even 
 
 posse dissimulare tantum nefas, que tacitus decedere 
 
 to be able to dissemble such great wickedness, and silent to depart 
 
 mea" terra? nee noster amor, nee dextera quondam data, 
 
 from my land? nor can our love, nor thy right hand once given 
 
 nec Dido moritura crudeli funere tenet te? 
 
 in pledge of faith, nor Dido about to die by a cruel death detain thec? 
 
 Quin etiam moliris classem hiberno sidere, et properas ire 
 
 But even you prepare your fleet in the wintry season, and you hasten to go 
 
 per altum mediis aquilqnibus. Crudehs' quid? si 
 
 through the deep in the midst of tempests. O cruel man! what? if 
 
 non peteres aliena arva que ignotas domos, et antiqua Troja 
 
 you did not seek foreign lands and unknown habitations, and / ancient Troy 
 
 mcneret, Troja peteretur classibus per undosum 
 
 might yet remain, would Troy besought by your fleet through this boisterous 
 
 sequor? Fugis ne me? ego oro te per has lachrymas, que 
 
 sea? Do you fly from me? 1 besrech thee by these tears, and 
 
 tuam dextram (quando ipsa reliqui jam nihil aliud mihi 
 
 thy right hand (since I nave left now nothing else to me 
 
 miseraA per nostra connubia, per Hymenseos inceptos, si 
 
 miserable) oy our wedlock, by our conjugal loves just begun, it 
 
 merui quid bene de te, aut quicquam meum fuit 
 
 I have deserved any thing well of thee, or if any quality of mine lias been 
 
 dulce tibi; miserere labentis domus, et exue istam 
 
 pleasing to tbee. pity a falling family, and put off that
 
 107 319 
 
 mentem, si quis locus adhuc precibus. Propter te 
 
 determination, if there is any room yet for prayers. On account of thea 
 
 Libycse gentes, que tyranni Nomadum odere, Tyrii 
 
 the Lybian nations, and the kings of the Numidians have hated me, the Tyrians 
 
 infensi: propter eundejn te pudor extinctus, et prior 
 
 are displeased with, me: on account of thy same self my honour is lost and my former 
 
 fama quS. sola adibam sidera; cui deseris me 
 
 fame by which alone I was raised to the stars; to whom dostthou abandon me 
 
 moribundam, hospes? quoniam hoc nomeu solum restat mihi 
 
 about to die, my guest? since this name alone remains to me 
 
 de conjuge. Quid moror? an dum frater Pygmalion 
 
 oi that of husband. What do I wait for? is it until my brother Pygmalion 
 
 destruat mea moema, aut Getulus larbas ducat me captam? 
 
 shall destroy my walls, or the Getulian larbas shall lead me a captive? 
 
 Si saltern qua soboles fuisset suscepta mihi de te ante 
 
 If only any offspring had been begotten to me of thce before 
 
 fugam, si quis parvulus ^Eneas luderet mihi auld qui 
 
 thy flight, if any little /Eneas might sport for me in my hall, who 
 
 tantum referret te ore, equidem non viderer 
 
 only might represent thee in countenance, indeed I should not seem 
 
 omnino capta aut deserta. Dixerat. Ille monitis 
 
 entirely bereft or abandoned. She had spoken. He by the commands 
 
 Jovis tenebat lumina immota, et obnixus premebat 
 
 of Jupiter held his eyes unmoved, and struggling suppressed 
 
 curam sub corde. Tandem refert pauca: Regina, ego 
 
 the anxiety in his breast. At length he replies a few words: O queen, I 
 
 nunquam negabo te premeritam plurima, qua 
 
 never will deny that thou hast conferred very many favours on me, which 
 
 vales enumerare fando; nee pigebit me meminisse 
 
 you may be able to enumerate by speaking; nor shall I be unwilling to remember 
 
 Elisae, dum ipse memor mei, dum spiritus reget hos 
 
 Elisa, whilst I am mindful of myself, whilst a soul shall govern these 
 
 artus. Loquar pauca pro re: ego nee speravi abscondere 
 
 hmhs. I will speak a few words on tkis subject: I have not hoped to conceal 
 
 hanc fugam furto, ne finge; nee unquam praetendi 
 
 this flight by stealth, suppose it not; nor ever have 1 pretended 
 
 taedas conjugis, aut veni in haec faedera. Si fata 
 
 to the ceremonies of marriage, or have I come into those bonds. If the fates 
 
 paterentur me ducere vitam meis auspiciis, et componere 
 
 would permit me to conduct my life by my own directions, and to quiet 
 
 curas mea sponte, primum colerem Trojanam urbem, que 
 
 my cares by my own inclination, first I would cherish the Trojan city. and 
 
 dulces reliquias meorum, alta tecta Priarm manerent, 
 
 the dear remains of my country, the lofty buildings of Priam should remain, 
 
 et manu possuissem victis Pergama recidiva. 
 
 and tot'CA this hand I would have placed on its ruins Pergamus rebuilt. 
 
 Sed nunc Grynaeus Apollo , magnam 
 
 Bat now Gryneean Apollo has command"*. ir. to occupy great
 
 108 346 
 
 Italiam, Lyciae sortes jussere capessere Italiam 
 
 Italy, the Lycian oracles have ordered me to occupy Italy. 
 
 Hie amor, haec est patria. Si arces Carthaginis, qua 
 
 This u my love, this is my country. If the towers of Carthage, aud 
 
 aspectus Lvbicae urbis detinet te Phopnissam, tandem quas 
 
 the sight ota Libyan city detain thee a Phoenician, then what 
 
 mvidia est Teucros considere AusoniS. terra? 
 
 displeasure is (Acre to you for the Trojans to settle in Ausoriian land? 
 
 fas et nos quaerere extera regna. Quoties nox 
 
 let it be right also for us to seek foreign realms. As often as ni^ht 
 
 operit terras humentibus umbris, quoties ignea astra 
 
 o'erspreads the earth with its damp shades, as often as the bright stars 
 
 surgunt, turbida imago patris Anchisae admonet et terret 
 
 arise. the troubled ghost of my father AnchUes admonishes and aflrights 
 
 me in somnis; puer Ascanius que injuria cari 
 
 me in my dreams; the hoy Ascanius admonishes me and the injury of Ais dear 
 
 capitis, quern fraudo regno Hesperiae et fatalibus arvis. 
 
 person, whom I defraud of the kingdom of Italy and the destined lands. 
 
 Nunc etiam interpres Divfim missus ab Jove ipso 
 
 Now even the messenger of the gods sent from Jupiter himseli 
 
 tester utrumque caput) detulit mandata per 
 
 (I call to witness each divinity) has brought to me his commands through 
 
 celeres auras. Ipse vidi Deum, ia manifesto lumine. 
 
 the swift air. I myself have seen the god, iu the clear liphl, 
 
 intrantem muros, que hausi vocem his auribus. Desine 
 
 entering your walls, and I received his voice in these ears. Cease 
 
 incendere que me que te tuis querelis; sequor Italiam 
 
 to torment both me and thyself with thy complaints; I pursue Italy 
 
 non sponte. Jamdudum aversa tuetur dicentem 
 
 not of my own accord. For some time Dido averse views him spending 
 
 talia, volvens oculos hue illuc, que pererrat totum 
 
 such words, rolling her eyes hither and thither, and surveys his whole 
 
 tacitis luminibus, et accensa profatur sic: Perfide 
 
 person with silent looks, and inflamed speaks thus: O perfidious man 
 
 Diva nee parens, nee Dardanus auctor generis, sed 
 
 a goddess it not thy parent, nor is Dardanus the founder of thy race, but 
 
 horrens Caucasus genuit te duris cautibus, que Hyrcanaa 
 
 frightful Caucasus brought forth thee on its bard rocks, and Hyrcanian 
 
 tigres admdrunt ubera. Nam quid dissimulo? aut ad quse 
 
 tigers administered suck to thte. For why do I dissemble? or to what 
 
 majora reservo me? Num ingemuit nostro fleiu? 
 
 greater injuries do I reserve myself? Whether has he sighed at my weeping; 
 
 num flexit lumina? num victus dedit lachrymas? aut 
 
 whether has be turned his eyes? whether overcome has he shed tears? 01 
 
 miseratus est amantem? Quae anteferam quibus? 
 
 has he pitied me loving? What complaints shall I put before these; 
 
 jam jam nee maxima Juno, nee pater Saturnius aspicif 
 
 even now neither greatest Juno, nor father Jupiter regards
 
 109 372 
 
 LBC aequis oculis. Tuta fides nusquam. Excepi 
 
 these Mngs with just eyes. Firm faith is no where. I have received Aim 
 
 ejectum littore, egentem, et demens locavi in parte 
 
 cast on '.he shore, needy, and / foolish have placed him in part 
 
 regni: reduxi classem amissam, socios a 
 
 of my kingdom: I have recovered his fleet which was lost, and Ms companions from 
 
 morte Heu! feror incensa furiis; nunc augur 
 
 dealh. Alas! I am carried away inflamed with fury; now the prophetic 
 
 Apollo, nunc Lyciae sortes, et nunc interpres Divum missus 
 
 Apollo, now the Lycian oracles, and now the messenger of the Gods sent 
 
 ab Jove ipso fert horrida jussa per auras. Scilicet is 
 
 from Jove himself bears the horrid commands through the air. Indeed this 
 
 est labor Superis, ea cura solicitat quietos! Neque teneo 
 
 is labour for the Gods, this care disturbs them peaceful! Nor do I detain 
 
 te, neque refello dicta. I, sequere Italian ventis, 
 
 thee. nor do I dispute your words. Go, pursue Italy with the winds 
 
 pete regna per undas; equidem spero hausurum 
 
 seek realms through the waves; indeed I hope that you will draw 
 
 supplicia mediis scopulis, si pia numina possunt 
 
 punishment upon you in the midst of rocks, if the just deities can do 
 
 quid, et vocaturum ssepe Dido nomine; absens 
 
 any thing, and that you will call often on Dido byname: though absent 
 
 sequar atris ignibus, et cum frigida mors seduxerit 
 
 I wilt pursue thee with dark dames, and when cold death shall have sepa- 
 
 artus anima, umbra adero omnibus locis. 
 
 rated these limbs from the soul, a shade I will be present to you in all places. 
 
 Improbe dabis pccnas; audiam, et hsec fama 
 
 O wicked man you shall suffer punishment; /shall hear it, and this report 
 
 veniet mihi sub imos Manes. His dictis abrumpit 
 
 *nall come to me under the lowest shades. With these words she breaks off 
 
 medium sermonem, et aegra .fugit auras, que avertit, 
 
 iii the midst of her speech, and distressed she avoids the air, and she turns away, 
 
 ct aufert se ex oculis, linquens cunctantem multa 
 
 and throws herself from his eyes, leaving him hesitating much 
 
 metu, et parantem dicere multa. Famulae suscipiunt 
 
 through (car, and preparing to say much. Her maids raise her up 
 
 que referunt collapsa membra marmoreo thalamo, que 
 
 and bear her fainting limbs to her marble chamber, and 
 
 repommt stratis. At pius ./Eneas quanquam cupit solando 
 
 lay her upon the couch. But pious JEneas although he d*sires by consoling 
 
 lonire dolentem, et avertere curas dictis, gemens 
 
 her to soothe her grieving, and to turn away her cares by words, groaning 
 
 multa, que labefactus animum magno amore, tamen exse- 
 
 much, and weakened as to his mind by great love, ret fol 
 
 quitur jussa Divum, que revisit classem. Turn verd 
 
 lows the commands of the Gods, and revisits his fleet. Then Indeed 
 
 Teucri incumbunt, et deducunt celsas naves loto 
 
 Dm Trojans ply earnestly, and launch the lofty ships along tbe whole
 
 110 399 
 
 litore; que ferunt sylvis frondentes remos, et robora 
 
 liore; and ay bring from the woods leafy oars, and timber 
 
 infabricata, studio fugae. Cernas migrantes, . que 
 
 unfushionocl, through desire of flight. You may see them moving, and 
 
 ruentes ex totS. urbe; ac veluli cum formic memorcs 
 
 rushing from the whole city; and as when the anta mindful 
 
 liyemis populant ingentem acervum farris, que reponunt 
 
 of whiter plunder a great heap of corn, and lay it up 
 
 fecto, nigrum agmen it campis, que convectant 
 
 in their cell, the black troop moves oner the plains, and they carry 
 
 prsedam per herbas angustocalle; pars obnixa humeris 
 
 their booty through the grass in a narrow path; a part pushing with their shoulders 
 
 trudunt grandia frumenta; pars cogunt agmina, que 
 
 shove along the heavy grains of corn: part collect the bands, and 
 
 castigant moms; omnis semita fervet opere. 
 
 chastise the slow; the whole path stirs with the work. 
 
 Dido, quis sensus tune tibi cernenti talia? ve quos 
 
 O Dido, what emotion then vfas to you beholding such things' or what 
 
 gemitus dabas, cum prospiceres ex summa" arce litora 
 
 groans diJ you utter, when you might behold from the lofty tower the shores 
 
 late fervere, que videres ante oculos totum a;quor 
 
 far and wide to stir with bustle, and see before your eyes the whole sea 
 
 misceri tantis clamoribus. Improbe amor, quid non 
 
 confused with such great shouts. O cruel love, what do you not 
 
 cogis mortalia pectora. Iterum cogitur ire in lachrymas, 
 
 compel mortal hearts to do. Again she is compelled to go in tears. 
 
 iterum tentare precando, et supplex submittere animos 
 
 again to assail Aim with entreaty, and suppliant toyield her soul 
 
 amori, ne relinquat quid inexpertum moritura frustra. 
 
 to love, lest she might leave any thing, untried, and be about to die rashly. 
 
 Anna vides properari toto litore circum; 
 
 O Anna you see them to be hurrying over the whole shore around; 
 
 convene"re undique; carbasus jam vocat auras, et 
 
 Uiey have assembled from all sides; the canvass jiow invites the air, and 
 
 heti naute imposure coronas puppibus. Si potui 
 
 the joyful sailors have placed garlands on the sterns of the skips. If I had been 
 
 sperare hunc tantum dolorem et soror, potero 
 
 able to anticipate this so great grief and O sister, I will be able 
 
 perferre: Anna, tamen exsequere hoc unum mihi miserse; 
 
 to bear it: O Anna, yet perform this one thing, for me wretched; 
 
 nam ille perfidus colere te solam.etiam credere arcanos 
 
 for that perfidious man was wont to respect thee alone, even to entrust his secret 
 
 sensus tibi; sola, n6ras molles aditus, et 
 
 feeling* to tbee; tkou alone, hast known the gentle avenues to his heart, and 
 
 tempora viri. Soror, I, atque supplex affare 
 
 tue accessible times of the man, O sister, go, and suppliant address 
 
 superbum hostem; ego non juravi Aulide cum Danais 
 
 U.! proud foe; I have not sworn at Aulis with the Gt eeks
 
 Ill 425 
 
 cxscindere Trojanam gentem, ve misi classem ad Pergama, 
 
 lo extirpate the Trojan nation, or sent a fleet to Pergamus 
 
 nec revelli cineres ve manes patris Anchisse. GUI 
 
 nor have I disturbed the ashes or ths manes of his father Anchises. Why 
 
 negat demittere mea dicta in duras aures? Quo ruit? 
 
 does he refuse to admit my words into his cruel ears? Whither docs be rush) 
 
 det hoc extremum munus miserae amanti; exspectel 
 
 t liim grant this last favour to a miserable lover: let him wait 
 
 facilem fugam que ferentes ventos. Jam non oro antiquum 
 
 for an easy flight and favourable winds. Now I do not plead our former 
 
 conjugium quod prodidit; nec ut careat 
 
 wedlock which he has betrayed; not that he should deprive himself 
 
 pulchro Latio, que relinquat regnum; peto inane tempus, 
 
 of beautiful Latium, and relinquish his kingdom; I beg a trifling time, 
 
 requiem que spatium furori, dum mea fortuna doceat 
 
 a rest and a space for my fury, until my fortune may instruct mt 
 
 victam dolere. Oro hanc extremam veniam (miserere 
 
 overcome to mourn. I beg this last favour (pity 
 
 sororis) quam cum dederit mihi, remittam, cumulatum 
 
 thy sister) which when he shall have granted to me, I will dismiss him, gratified 
 
 morte. Orabat talibus, que miserrima sororfert 
 
 In my death. She entreated with such words, and her most wretched sister bears 
 
 que refert tales fletus; sed ille movetur nullis 
 
 and bears again such lamentations to JEneas; but he is moved by no 
 
 fletibus, aut tractabilis audit ullas voces. Fata obstant: 
 
 lamentations, or complying does he hear any words. The fates oppose. 
 
 que Deus obstruit placidas aures viri. Ac veluti cum 
 
 and the God stops the compassionate ears of the man, And as when 
 
 Alpini Boreae, nunc hinc, nunc illinc, certant inter 
 
 he Alpine north-winds, now on this side, now on that, strive among 
 
 se flatibus eruere annosam quercum valido 
 
 themselves with their blasts to overthrow an ancient oak of sturdy 
 
 robore; stridor it, et frondes alte consternunt terram 
 
 strength; the sound goes forth, and the leaves deeply strew the ground 
 
 stipite concusso; ipsa haeret jscopulis, et tendit tantum 
 
 the trunk being shaken; it cleaves to the rocks, and shoots as much 
 
 radice ad Tartara, quantum vertice ad aetherias 
 
 with its roots towards Tartarus, as with its top towards the etherial 
 
 auras. Haud secus heros tunditur hinc atque hinc 
 
 air. Just so the hero is assailed on this side and on that side 
 
 assiduis vocibus, et prsesentit curas magno pectore; 
 
 with constant intercessions, and feels cares in his great breast; 
 
 mens manet immota; inanes lachrymap. volvuntur. Turn 
 
 his mind remains unmoved; vain tears roll. Then 
 
 verd infelix Dido exterrita fatis orat mortem; tsede: 
 
 indeed the unhappy Dido affrighted at her fate prays for death; it wearies her 
 
 tueri convexa coeli. Quo" magis peragat inceptum que 
 
 to see the arch of heaven. That more she may accomplish her design and
 
 112 452 
 
 relinuuat lucera, cum imponeret dona aris thure- 
 
 relinq ush life, when she would lay oflerings upon the altars burning 
 
 cremis, vidit (horrendum dictu) sacros latices nigrescere, 
 
 with incense, she law (horrible to re told) the sacred liquors grow black, 
 
 que vina fusa vertere se in obsccenum cruorem. Effata 
 
 and the wine poured out change iUfclf Into loathsome blood. She told 
 
 hoc visum nulli, non sorori ipsi. Preterea, templum 
 
 Una vision to no one, not to her sister herself. Besides, a shrine 
 
 antiqui conjugis de marmore fuit in tectis, quod colebat 
 
 of her former husband of marble was in the palace, which she reverenced 
 
 miro honore, revinctum niveis velleribus et festa" 
 
 with wonderful -honour, bound with snowy fillets of wool and with festive 
 
 fronde. Hinc voces et verba viri vocantis 
 
 leaves. From this shrine voices and the words of her husband calling her 
 
 visa exaudiri, cum obscura nox teneret terras; que 
 
 teemed to be heard, when dark night would possess the earth; and 
 
 sola bubo saepe queri ferali carmine culminibus, 
 
 the solitary owl often teemed to complain with a dismal song on the house-tops, 
 
 et ducere longas voces in fletum; que preterea, multa 
 
 and to draw out his long notes in lamentation; and besides, many 
 
 predicta piorum vatura horrificant terribili monitu. .ffineas 
 
 predictions of pious prophets terrify her by their terrible warning. .neaa 
 
 ipse ferus agit furentem in somnis; que semper videtur 
 
 himself cruel disturbs her raving in her sleep; and always she seems 
 
 sibi relinqui sola, semper ire longam viam incomitata, 
 
 to herself to be left alone, always to be going along journey unattended, 
 
 et quaerere Tyrios deserta terra 1 ; veluti demens Pentheus 
 
 and to be seeking her Tyrians in a desert land; as frantic Pentheus 
 
 videt agmina Eumenidum, et geminum solera, et Thebas 
 
 tee* troops of Furies, and a two-fold. sun, and Thebes 
 
 ostendere se duplices; aut Orestes Agamemnoniud agitatus 
 
 to show itself double; or as Orestes the son of Agamemnon distracted 
 
 scenis, cum fugit matrem armatum facibus et atris 
 
 on the stage, when he flies from his mother armed with firebrands and black 
 
 serpentibus, que ul trices Dirae sedent in limine. Ergo 
 
 serpents and the avenging F.uries sit in the threshold. Then 
 
 ubi evicta dolore concepit Furias, que decrevit mori 
 
 when overcome with grief she has conceived the Furies, and has determined todie, 
 
 ipsa exigit secum tempus que modum; et agressa 
 
 she considers with herself the time and the manner; and addressing 
 
 mffistam sororem dictis, tegit consilium vultu, 
 
 ner mournful sister with these words, she covers her design by her countenance. 
 
 ac serenat spem fronte; Germana, gratare sorori! inveni 
 
 a.id brightens hope in her face; O sister, congratulate thy sister! I have found 
 
 viam quae reddat eum mihi, vel solvat me amantem eo. 
 
 way which shall restore him to roe, or release me loving from him 
 
 Juxta finem Oceani que cadentem solem, est ultimus 
 
 N sr the ejtremity of the ocean and the setting gun, it the as
 
 113 481 
 
 locus ^Ethiopum, libi maximus Atlas humero torquel 
 
 spot of /Ethiopia, where the mighty Atlas on his shoulder whirls 
 
 axem aptum ardentibus stellis; hinc sacerdos Massylia? 
 
 the heavens studded with glowing stars; from hence a priestess of the Mas^ylian 
 
 gentis monstrata, custos templi Hesperidum, 
 
 nation appeared to me, the guardian of the temple of the Hespendes, 
 
 quaeque dabat epulas draconi, et servabat sacros ramos 
 
 and who gave food to the dragon, and watched the sacred bOu;h 
 
 in arbore, spargens humida mella que soporiferum papaver: 
 
 on the tree, sprinkling liquid honey and ths soporiferous PPP V : 
 
 hsec promittit se solvere carminibus mentes quas 
 
 she promises that she is able to release by charms the minds which 
 
 velit, ast immittere duras curas aliis; sistere aquam 
 
 she may will, and to throw grievous cares upon others; to stop the water 
 
 fluviis, et vertere sidera retro; que ciet nocturnas 
 
 in rivers, and to turn the stars backward; and she can call up the nocturnal 
 
 manes. Videbis terrain mugire sub pedibus, et ornos 
 
 ghosts. You shall see the earth bellow under her feet, and the wild ashes 
 
 descendere montibus. 
 
 comedown from the mountains. 
 
 Cara germana, tester Deos et te, que tuum dulce 
 
 O dear sister, I call to witness the Gods and thee, and thy dear 
 
 caput, invitam accingier magicas artes. Tu 
 
 life, that against my will I have recourse to these magic arts, Do you 
 
 secreta erige pyram interiore tecto sub auras; et 
 
 secretly erect a funeral pile in the inner palace under the air; and 
 
 superimponas arma viri, quse impius reliquit fixa 
 
 place upon it the arms of the man, which wicked he has left fixed 
 
 thalamo, que omnes exuvias, que jugalem lectum quo 
 
 in my chamber, and all his clothes, and the nuptial couch on which 
 
 perii. Sacerdos jubet que monstrat abolere cuncta 
 
 I was undone. The priestess commands and directs me to destroy all 
 
 inonumenta viri. Effata base silet; 
 
 the memorials of the man. Having spoken these- words she is silent; 
 
 simul pallor occupat ora. Anna tamen 
 
 at the same time paleness seizes her countenance. Anna nevertheless 
 
 non credit germanam pnetexere funera novis 
 
 does not believe that her sister conceals her own death under these new 
 
 sacris; nee ooncipit tantos furores mente, aut 
 
 eacred rites; nor does she conceive such great fury to be in her mind, or 
 
 timet graviora quam morte Sichasi. 
 
 does she fear worse things than those which happened at the death of Sichtcus. 
 
 Ergo parat jussa. At Regina, ingenti pyr& 
 
 Therefore she prepares the things ordered. But the queen, a great funeral pile 
 
 e recta 1 sub auras in penetrali sede, tcedis atque sects' 
 
 being erected under the air in the inner court, of pine- wood and cut 
 
 ilice, que intendit locum sertis, et coronat funered 
 
 oak, both encircles the place with garlands, and crowns it with funeral
 
 114 507 
 
 fronde; super local toro ejus exuvias, que ensem 
 
 leaves; above ike place* on the couch bis clothes, and the sword 
 
 relictum, que effigiem, : haud ignara futuri. Araa 
 
 left by Aim, mid Ait image, not ignorant of what was to come. Altars 
 
 stant circuin; et sacerdos effusa crines tonat 
 
 stand around; and the priestess dishevelled at to her hair thunders 
 
 ore tercentum Deos, que Erebum, que Chaos, 
 
 with her voice on the three hundred Gods, and Erebus, and Chacs, 
 
 que tergeminam Hecaten, tria ora virginis Diane. 
 
 and threefold Hecate, the three appearances of the virgin Diaua. 
 
 Sparserat et simulates lalices fonlis Averni; et 
 
 Ske had sprinkled al?o counterfeited waters of the fountain of Avernus; an 
 
 Eubentes herbaemessseahenisfalcibus ad lunam quseruntur, 
 ill-grown herbs cut with brazen sickles by moon-light are sought for, 
 
 cum lacte nigri veneni; et amor revulsus de fronte 
 
 with the juice of black poison; and the love-knot torn from the forehead 
 
 nascentis equi, et praereptus matri, quasritur. 
 
 Of a new foaled colt, and snatched away from the mother, is sought for. 
 
 Ipsa moritura, exuta unum pedem vinclis, in recinctd 
 
 Slu herself about to die, having stripped one foot of it* sandal, in a loose 
 
 veste, juxta altaria, mold que piis manibus testatur 
 
 robe, near the altars, v>itkthe Fait cake and pious bands calls to witness 
 
 Deos, et sidera conscia fati; turn precatur numen, si 
 
 the Gods, and the stars conscious of fate; then she prays to the deity, if there if 
 
 quod que justum que memor habet curae amantes non 
 
 ny deity both just and mindful Ao has any care of lovers in an 
 
 asquo fcedere. Erat nox, et fessa corpora per terras 
 
 unequal union. It was night, and weary bodies through the earth 
 
 carpebant placidum soporem, que sylvae et saeva aquora 
 
 enjoyed placid sleep, and the woods and the raging seas 
 
 quicrant; cum sidera volvuntur medio lapsir, cum 
 
 were calm; when the stars are rolling in the midst of tkeir course; when 
 
 omnis ager tacet; pecudes, que pictae volucres, quaeque 
 
 every field is still; beasts and variegated birds, which 
 
 lat tenent liquidos lacus, quaeque tenent rura aspera 
 
 far and wide occupy the liquid lakes, and which occupy the fields rough 
 
 dumis, positae sub silenti nocte lenibant curas scmno; 
 
 with brambles, stretched under the silent night soothed their cares with sleep, 
 
 et corda oblita laborum. At non Phaenissa 
 
 and their hearts were forgetful of their labours. But not so the Phoenician Dido 
 
 infelix animi; neque unquam solvitur in somnum, ve 
 
 unhappy in mind; nor ever ia she relaxed in sleep, or 
 
 accipit noctem oculis aut pectore: curae ingeminant, 
 
 does she receive nightly rest to her eyes or breast: her cares redouble 
 
 que amor resurgens rursus saevit, que fluctuat magno ffistu 
 
 and love rising afresh again rages, and fluctuates with a great tide 
 
 irarum. Sic adeo insistit, que ita volutat secum corde: 
 
 of passions. Thus then she persists, and thus the revolves with herself in her heart
 
 115 5S4 
 
 En quid ago? irrisa ne experiar rursus prioies procos? 
 
 Lo what am I doing? scorned shall I try again my former suitorst 
 
 que supplex petam connubia Nomadum, quos ego jam 
 
 and suppliant shall I seek the alliance of the Nuraidians, whom 1 already. 
 
 toties dedignata sum maritos? Sequar igitur Illiacas classes 
 
 so often have disdained as husbands? Shall I follow then the Trojan fleet 
 
 atque ultima jussa Teucrorum? quia ne juvat ante 
 
 and the lowest commands of the Trojans? is it because it delighted me formerly 
 
 levatos auxilio, et gratia veteris 
 
 that they should be assisted by my aid, and does the thankfulness for my former 
 
 facti stat apud bene memores? Autem quis (fac . 
 
 action remain with them well remembering? But who (grant me 
 
 velle) sinet, que accipiet invisam superbis ratibus. 
 
 to be willing) will allow, and receive me detested in their proud ships? 
 
 heu! perdita nescis, necdum sentis perjuria 
 
 alas! undone Dido dost thou not know, nor yet dost thou perceive the perjuries 
 
 gentis Laomedonteae? Quid turn? sola fuga comitabor 
 
 of the race ofLaomedon? What then? alone in my flight shall I accompany 
 
 ovantes nautas? an insequar stipata Tyriis, que omni 
 
 the exulting sailors? or shall I follow them surrounded by my Tyrians, and all 
 
 manu meorum? et rursus agam pelago, et jubebo 
 
 the band of my people? and again shall I lead them to the sea, and command then 
 
 dare vela ventis, quos vix revelli Sidonia 
 
 to spread sails to the winds, whom with difficulty I have torn from the Sidoninii 
 
 urbe? Quin morere, ut merita es, que averte dolorem 
 
 city? But die, as you have deserved, and avert thy grief 
 
 ferro. Germana, tu prima evicta meis lachrymis, tu 
 
 by the sword. O sister, thou first overcome by my tears, thou 
 
 oneras furentem his mails, et objicis hosti. 
 
 dost load me distracted with these woes, and exposes! me to my enemy. 
 
 Non licuit sine crimine degere vitam expertem 
 
 Was it not lawful for me without crime to pass my life free 
 
 thalami, more ferae, nectangere tales 
 
 from the marriage bed, after the manner of the wild beast, nor feel such 
 
 curas? Fides promissa cineri Sichaeo non servata. Ilia 
 
 cares. The faith promised to the ashes of Sichaeus is not preserved. She 
 
 rumpebat tantos questus. ^Eneasjam certus eundi, 
 
 broke out into such great complaints. ^Eneas now determined ongoing 
 
 carpebat somnos in celsd puppi, rebus jam rite paratis. 
 
 was enjoying sleep in his lofty ship, things now rightly being prepared. 
 
 Forma Dei redeuntis eodem vultu obtulit se 
 
 The figure of the God returning with the same countenance presented itself 
 
 liuic in somnis, que visa est rursus ita monere; similis 
 
 to him in Ais sleep, and seemed again thus to warn him; like to 
 
 Mercuric omnia, que vocem, que colorem, et flavos crines, 
 
 Mercury in all things, both in voice, and complexion, and yellow hair 
 
 et decora membra juventae: Nate Dea, potes ducere 
 
 and graceful limbs of youth: O Goddess-born, can you prolong
 
 116 560 
 
 somnos sub hoc casu? nee cernis qusB pericula deinde 
 
 Iccp under this conjuncture? nor do you sec what dangers thcnca 
 
 circumstent te? demens nee audis secundos 
 
 may iturround thee? thoughtless man/ nor do you hear the favourabla 
 
 Zephyros spirare? 
 
 Breezes blow? 
 
 Ilia versat dolos que dirum nefas in pectore, certa 
 
 She meditates wiles and dire wickedness in her breast, determined 
 
 mori, que fluctuat vario aestu irarum. Non fugis 
 
 odie, and fluctuates with a various tide of passions. Why do you not fly 
 
 hinc praeceps, dum potestas prsecipitare? Jam videbis 
 
 hence hastily. whilst I he power is yourt to hasten away? Now you shall see 
 
 mare turbari trabibus que saevas faces collucere; jam 
 
 (he ocean to be disturbed with oars and fierce torches to glare; now you shall ste 
 
 litora fervere flammis, si Aurora attigerit te morantem 
 
 the shores to glow with flames, if the morning shall reach thee delaying 
 
 his terris. Eia, age, rumpe moras: fernina semper 
 
 on these lands. Away, come, break off your delay: woman always fj 
 
 varium et mutabile. Sic fatus, immiscuit se atrro 
 
 variable and changeable. Thus having said, he mingles himself with dark 
 
 nocti. Turn verb ./Eneas, exterritus subitis umbris, 
 
 night. Then indeed ./Eneas, affrighted at this sudden shadow, 
 
 corripit corpus e somno, que fatigat socios: Viri, 
 
 raises suddenly his body from sleep, and rouses his companions: Omen, 
 
 vigilate proecipites, et considite transtris; citi solvite 
 
 awake hastily, and seal yourselves on the benches: quick loosen 
 
 vela; ecce! Deus missus ab alto sethere iterum stimulat 
 
 the sails; lo! a God sent from the high sky again urges me 
 
 festinare fugam, que incidere tortos funes. Sancte 
 
 to hasten my flight, and to cut the twisted cables. O sacred power 
 
 Deorum, sequimur te, quisquis es, que ilerum ovantes 
 
 of the Gods, we follow thee, whoever thou art, and again rejoicing 
 
 paremus imperio. adsis, que placidus juves, 
 
 we obey thy command. Omayst thou be present, and friendly assist u, 
 
 et feras dextra sidera ccelo. Dixit, que eripit 
 
 and give propitious stars in heaven. He has said, and snatches 
 
 fulmineum ensem vagina, que ferit retinacula stricto 
 
 its flashing sword from its scabbard, and strikes the haisers with the drawn 
 
 ferro. Idem ardor simul habetomnes; que rapiunt 
 
 steel. The same ardour at the same time possesses all; and they sieza 
 
 que ruunt; deseruere litora; aequor latet-sub classibus; 
 
 nd hurry about; they have left the shores: the sea is hid under their fleet: 
 
 adnixi torquent spumas, et verrunt caerula. Et jam 
 
 labouring they dash the spray, and sweep over the azure sea. And now 
 
 Aurora, linquens croceum cubile Tithoni, prima spargebat 
 
 Aurora, leaving the saffron bed of Tithonus, first sprinkled 
 
 terras novo lumine: ut primum Regina e speculis 
 
 Ihe earth with new light: when first the queen from her watch- lower*
 
 117 587 
 
 vidit lucem albescere, et classetn procedere aequatis veils, 
 
 has seen the light to dawn, and the fleet to proceed with balanced sails 
 
 que sensit litora et portus vacuos sine remige; que 
 
 and has perceived the shores and the ports empty without a rower; and 
 
 percussa decorum pectus manu ter que quater, que 
 
 striking her beautiful breast with her hand thrice and four times, and 
 
 abscissa flaventes comas; Pro Jupiter, ait, hie ibit, et 
 
 tearing her yellow hair; O Jupiter, she says, shall he go, and 
 
 advena illuserit nostris regnis? Non expedient 
 
 a stranger shall he have mocked our realms? Will they not bring forth 
 
 arma, que sequentur ex tota urbe? que alii diripien 
 
 arms, and pursue Aim from the whole city? and will not others tear 
 
 rates navalibus? ite, citi ferte flammas, date vela, 
 
 my ship? from the docks? go, quick bring flames, spread sails 
 
 impellite remos. Quid loquor? aut ubi sum? quse insania 
 
 ply oar?. What am I saying? or where am/? what madness 
 
 mutat mentem? Infelix Dido! nunc impia facta tangunt 
 
 turns my mind? O unhappy Dido! now do thy wicked deeds touch 
 
 te? Turn decuit, cum dabas sceptra. En 
 
 thee? Then it had become t/iee, when thou didst give to him thy sceptre. Is this 
 
 dextra que fides quern aiunt portare secum patrios 
 
 the honour and the faith of him whom they report to carry with him his paternal 
 
 Penates! quern subiisse humeris, parentem 
 
 household Gods! whom they report to have borne on his shoulders, his father 
 
 confectum aetate! Npn potui divellere abreptum corpus, 
 
 worn out with age! Have I not been able to tear his mangled body 
 
 et spargere undis? Non absumere socios, 
 
 and to scat ter it to the waves? Have I not been able to destroy his companions, 
 
 non Ascanium ipsum ferro, que opponere 
 
 have I not been able to destroy Ascanius himself icith the sword, and to place him 
 
 epulandum patriis mensis? Veram fortuna pugnse fuerat 
 
 to be eaten at his father's tables? But the fortune of battle had been 
 
 anceps: fuisset: moritura quern metui? 
 
 doubtful: it might have been, about to die whom have I feared? I might have 
 
 tulissem faces in castra, que implssem foros flamrhis; 
 
 thrown firebrands into his camp, and I might have filled the hatches with flames; 
 
 exstinxem que natum que patrem cum genere; 
 
 I might have extirpated both son and father with the race; 
 
 ipsa dedissem memet supra. Sol, qui lustras omnia opera' 
 
 I might have cast myself upon them. O Sun, who surveyest all the works 
 
 terrarum flammis, tuque et Juno, conscia interpres 
 
 of the earth with thy beams, and thou also O Juno, the conscious witness 
 
 harum curarum, que Hecate ululata per urbes nocturnis 
 
 of these my cares, and O Hecate bowling through the cities in the nightly 
 
 triviis, et ultrices Dirse, et Di morientis Elisae. accipite 
 
 erossways and ye avenging Furies, and Gods of the dying Elisa! receive 
 
 haec, que advertite meritum numen malis, et audit*- 
 
 these my words, and turn a deserved regard to my woes, and ho*
 
 118 612 
 
 nostras preces. Si necesse est infandim caput langere 
 
 my prayers. If it is necessary for the wicked person to touch 
 
 portus, et adnare terris, et sic fata Jovis poscunt, hie 
 
 harbours, and to reach lands, and thus the fates of Jupiter require, if this 
 
 terminus haeret; at vexatus bello et armis audacis 
 
 determination shall remain; but harassed by war and the arms of a bold 
 
 populi, extorris finibus, avulsus complexu liili, 
 
 people banished from His own territories, torn from the embrace of lulus, 
 
 imploret auxilium, que videat indigna funera suorum; 
 
 may he implore assistance, and Bee the dishonourable deaths of his fritnds; 
 
 nec fruatur regno aut optatS. luce, cum tradideri 
 
 nor may he enjoy his kingdom or tbo desired light of life, when he shall have sub- 
 SB sub leges iniquae pacis; sed cadat 
 
 milted himself to the conditions of a disadvantageous peace; but may he fall 
 
 ante diem, que inhumatus mediS. aren&. Precor 
 
 before his time, and be unburied in the midst of the sandy shore. I pray 
 
 haec; fundo hanc extremam vocem cum sanguine. 
 
 for these things; I pour forth this last speech with my blood. 
 
 Turn vos O Tyrii odiis exercete stirpem, et omne ejus 
 
 Then ye Tynans with hatred harass hia offspring, and all his 
 
 futurum genus, que mittite haec munera nostro cineri; sunto 
 
 future race, and send these offerings to my ashes; let there be 
 
 nullus amor nec fcedera populis. Exoriare aliquis 
 
 no friendship nor leagues between the nations. Arise some 
 
 ultor ex nostris ossibus, qui sequare Dardanos colonos 
 
 avenger from my remains, who shall pursue these Trojan colonists 
 
 face que ferro, nunc, olim quocunque tempore vires 
 
 with fire and sword, now, hereafter and at whatever time means 
 
 dabunt se. Imprecor litora contraria litoribus, 
 
 shall afford themselves. I pray that our shores may be opposed to their shores, 
 
 undas fluctibus, arma armis: que nepotea 
 
 o*r waters to their waters, our arms to their arms: and may our descendants 
 
 ipsi pugnent. 
 
 themselves contend. 
 
 Ait haec, et versabat animum in omnes partes, 
 
 She says these irords, and turned her mind in all directions, 
 
 queerens quam primum abrumpere invisam lucem. Turn 
 
 seeking as aoon as possible to throw off her hated life. Then 
 
 breviter aftata Barcen nutricem Sichaei, namque ater cinis 
 
 briefly she has addressed Barce the nurse of Sichieiis, for dark ashes 
 
 habelat suam antiquS. patria": cara nutrix, siste hue 
 
 pnsAesaod her own nurte in her ancient country: O dear nurse, send hither 
 
 sororem Annam mihi; die properet spargere corpus 
 
 my sister Anna to me; tell that (he may hasten to sprinkle her body 
 
 fluviali lymphd, et ducat pecudes secum, et 
 
 With running water, and bring (he victims with her, ivd 
 
 monstrata piacula; sic veniat; tuque ipsa 
 
 ihe thing* shown her for expiation; thus let her come: and you yourself
 
 119 639 
 
 tempora pia vitta\ Animus est preficere rite 
 
 your temples with the pious fillet. My mind .is to perform the rightly 
 
 inccpta sacra quae paravi Stygio Jovi, que imponere 
 
 begun sacrifices which I have prepared to Stygian Jove, and to put 
 
 finem cuns, que permittere flammae rogum Dardanii 
 
 an end to my cares, and to commit to the flame the pile of the Trojan 
 
 capitis. Sic ait. Ilia celerabat gradum anili studio. 
 
 pniice. Thus she said. She quickened her step with an old woman's zeal. 
 
 At Dido trepida et effera immanibus cceptis, volvens 
 
 But Dido trembling and distracted at her horrid designs. rolling 
 
 sanguineam aciem, que interfusa trementes genas 
 
 her bloody eyes, and marked as to her trembling checks 
 
 maculis, et pallida futura morte, irrumpit interiora 
 
 With spots, and pale at thc.coining death, bursts through the inner 
 
 limina domus, et furibunda conscendit altos rogos, que 
 
 gates of the palace, and raving ascends the lofty pile, and 
 
 recludit Dardanium ensem, munus non quaesitum in hos 
 
 unsheaths the Trojan sword, a gift not designed for these 
 
 usus. Hie, postquam conspexit Illiacas vestes, que 
 
 uses. Here, after ske has viewed the Trojan vestments and 
 
 notum cubile, paulum morata lachrymis et mente, que 
 
 the well known couch, a linle while delaying through tears and meditation, and 
 
 incubuit toro que dixit novissima verba: Dulces 
 
 reclined upon the couch and spoke her last words: Ye deal 
 
 exuviae, dum fata que Deus sinebant, accipite hanc animam, 
 
 remains, whilst the fates and the God permitted, receive this soul 
 
 que exsolvite me his curis. Vixi, et peregi 
 
 aud release me from these cares. I have lived, and I have finished 
 
 oursurn quern fortuna dederat; et nunc mei magna imago 
 
 the course which fortune had given me; and now my great shade 
 
 ibit sub terras. Statui praclaram urbem; vidi 
 
 shall go under the earth. I have built a glorious city; I have seen 
 
 moenia mea; ulta virum, recepi pcenas a 
 
 walls of my own; having avenged my husband. I have executed punishment on 
 
 inimico fratre; felix, heu! nimium felix, si tantum 
 
 an unfriendly brother; happy, ah! too happy, if only 
 
 Dardaniae carinte nunquam tetigissent nostra litora. Dixit; ef. 
 
 the Trojan ships never had touched our shores. She said; and 
 
 impressa os toro, ait, Moriemur inulta? sed 
 
 pressing her face to the couch, she says, shall I die unrevenged? but 
 
 moriamur: sic, sic juvat ire sub umbras. Crudelis 
 
 let me die: thus, thus it delights me to go under the shades. Let the 
 
 Dardanus hauriat oculis hunc ignem ab alto, et feral 
 
 sruel T-ojan behold this flame from the deep, and bear 
 
 secum omina nostrae mortis. Dixerat; atque comites 
 
 with him the signs of my death. She had spoken; and her attendants 
 
 aspiciunt illam collapsam ferro inter media talia, que 
 
 behold her fallen upon the sword in the midst of such toot ds, and
 
 1-20 GG5 
 
 cnsem spumantem, que cjus manus sparsas cruore. Clamor 
 
 thcsword reeding, and licr hands sprinkled with blood. The outcry 
 
 it ad alia alria, fama bacchatur per concussam urbem; 
 
 goes to (he lofty hall.-; the report flics wildly through the agitated city; 
 
 tecta fremunt lamentis, que gemitu, et femineo ululatu; 
 
 the house* ring with lamentations, and groans, and with female shrieks; 
 
 ffilhpr resonat magnis plangoribus: non aliter quam si omnis 
 
 Hie air resounds with great screams: not otherwise than if all 
 
 Carthago, aut antiqua Tyros ruat, hoslibus immissis, 
 
 Carthage, or ancient Tyre should fall down, enemies being let in, 
 
 que furentes flamma; volvantur per que culmina hominum 
 
 and the furious flumes> should roll over both the buildings of me a 
 
 que per Dcoru'm. 
 
 and over the temples of the Gods. 
 
 Soror audiit exanimis, que exterrita trepido cursu, 
 
 Her Bister has heard it breathless, and affrighted with trembling haste, 
 
 Aedans ora unguibus et pectora pugnis, ruit per 
 
 disfiguring her face with her nails and her breast with blows, rushes through 
 
 medios, ac clamat morientem nomine: Germana, fuit hoc 
 
 the midst, and calls her dying sister by name: O sister, was this 
 
 illud? petebas me fraude? iste rogus, ignes, que arse 
 
 it? did you approach me by fraud? did this pile, these fires, and altars 
 
 parabant hoc mihi? Deserta quid primum querar? moriens 
 
 prepare this for me? Deserted what first shall I complain? dying 
 
 ne sprevisti sororem comitem? vocasses me ad eadem 
 
 hast thou despised thy sister as a companion? had you railed me to the same 
 
 fata, idem dolor atque eadem hora tulisset ambas 
 
 fate, the same pain and the same hour had taken off both of ua 
 
 ferro. Struxi etiam his manibus, que vocavi 
 
 by the sword. Have I raised the pile even with these hands, and have I in- 
 
 patrios Deos voce, ut crudelis abessem te 
 
 voked the paternal Gods wih my voice, that cruel I should be absent thou 
 
 sic positd. Soror, extinxti me que te, que 
 
 thus being placed upon it. O sister, thou hast destroyed me and thyself, aud 
 
 populum que Sidonias patres, que tuam urbem. Date, 
 
 thy people and the Sidonian fathers, and thy city. Give, 
 
 abluam vulnera lymphis; et si quis extremus halitus 
 
 that I may wash her wounds with water; and if any last breath 
 
 errat supra, legam ore. Sic fata, 
 
 may linger above, I may catch it rrit A my mouth. Thus havingsaid, 
 
 evaserat altos gradus, que amplexa semianimem germa- 
 
 he had mounted the lofty steps. and embracing her expiring sister 
 
 nam sinu, fovebat cum gemitu, atque siccabat atros 
 
 in her bosom, cherished her with a groan, and driedtip the black 
 
 cruore,s veste. Ilia conata attollere graves ocuios, 
 
 Wood nilhhtr robe. She endeavouring to raise her heavy eyes, 
 
 rursus deficit; infixum vulnus stridet sub pectore. Ter 
 
 gain sinks dcivn: the deep-fixed wound hisses in her breast. Thric
 
 121 690 
 
 attollens que adnixa cubito levavit sese; ter revoluta 
 
 arousing and leaning on her elb.owshehasraisedherself; thriceshe has fallen 
 
 est toro; que errantibus oculis qusesivit lucem alto 
 
 oack upon the couch; and with wandering eyes has sought the light of the high 
 
 ccelo, que ingemuit reperta. Turn omnipotens Juno 
 
 heaven, and groaned having found it. Then omnipotent Juno 
 
 miserata longum dolorem que difficiles obitus, demisit Trim 
 
 pitying her long pain and uneasy death, has sent Iris 
 
 Olympo, quse resolvent luctantem animam que nexos artus. 
 
 from heaven, who might separate her struggling soul and united limbs. 
 
 Nam quia peribat nee fato nee merits, morte, sed 
 
 For since she perished neither by fate nor by a merited death, but 
 
 misera ante diem, que accensa subito furore, Proserpina 
 
 miserable before her time, and inflamed with sudden fury, Proserpine 
 
 nondum abstulerat illi flavum crinem vertice que 
 
 not yet had taken to herself the yellow hair from the crown of her head and 
 
 damnaverat caput Stygio Oreo. Ergo roscida Iris devolat per 
 
 condemned her life to Stygian Orcus. Therefore dewy Iris flies through 
 
 cffilum croceis pennis, trahens mille varies colores 
 
 the sky on saffron wings, drawing a thousand various colour* 
 
 adverso sole, et astitit supra caput: Ego jussa 
 
 from the opposite sun, and has stood above her head. I being commanded 
 
 fero hunc sacrum Diti, que solvo te isto corpore. Sic 
 
 bear away this hair sacred to Pluto, and I release thee from this body. Thus 
 
 ait, et secat crinem dextr&; et una omnis calor 
 
 she says, and cuts her hair with her right hand; and at once all heat 
 
 dilapsus, atque vita recessit in ventos. 
 
 is dissipated, and life has vanished into the air. 
 
 jENEID. 
 BOOK FIFTH. 
 
 Interea ^neas certus jam tenebat medium iter 
 
 In the meantime jEneas resolved now held the intermediate way 
 
 classe, que secabat fluctus atros aquilone, respiciens 
 
 with, his fleet, and cut the waves blackened by the north wind, looking back 
 
 moenia, qua jam collucenl flammis infelicis Elisae. 
 
 upon the walls, which yet glow with the flames of the wretched Dido. 
 
 Causa quae accenderit tantum ignem latet: sed duri 
 
 The cause which had enkindled so great a fire is concealed but the cruel 
 
 dolores magno amore pollute, quidque furens femina possit 
 
 torments from great love . violated, and what a raging woman can do
 
 122 7 
 
 *iotum, ducunt pectora Teucrorum per tnste aup>irium 
 
 bring known, lead ihe hearts of ihc Trojans to sad bnjecture. 
 
 Ut rates tenuere pelagus, nee ulla tellus jam ampliua 
 
 As the ships have reached the sea, nor any land now more 
 
 occurrit, undique coelum, et undique maria; caeruleus 
 
 appears, on every side the sky, and on every side the ocean; an azure 
 
 imber astitit supra olli caput, ferens noctem que hiemeu, 
 
 cloud stood above his head, bearing night and tempest, 
 
 et unda inhorruit tenebris. Ipse gubernator Palinurus 
 
 and I be wave grew dreadful by darkness. The helmsman Palinurus 
 
 ab altdpuppi, Heu! quianam tanti nimbi 
 
 from the high stern exclaimed, Alas! why have so great clouds 
 
 cinxerunt asthera? ve quid paras, pater Neptune? 
 
 overspread the heavens? or what do you prepare, O father Neptune? 
 
 Deinde locutus sic, jubet colligere arma, que 
 
 Then having spoken thus, he commands to gather up the sails, and 
 
 incumbere validis remis; que obliquat sinus in ventum, ac 
 
 to press on the strong oars; and turns the sails to the wind, and 
 
 fatur talia: magnanime ^Enea, non sperem contingere 
 
 speaks these words: O high-minded VEncas, I could not hope to reach 
 
 Italiam hoc coelo, si Jupiter auctor spondeat mihi. 
 
 Italy with this weather, if Jupiter tour patron should promise it tome. 
 
 Venti mutati fremunt transversa, et consurgunt ab 
 
 The winds changed rage in opposite directions, and rise from 
 
 atro vespere; atque aer cogitur in nubem. Nos nee 
 
 the gloomy west; and the atmosphere is collected into a cloud. We neither 
 
 sufficimus obniti contra nee tantum tendere: Quoniam 
 
 are able to strive against them, nor even to advance: Since 
 
 Fortuna superat, sequamur; que vertamus iter qub 
 
 Fortune conquers, let us follow; and let us change our course where 
 
 vocat: nee reor fida fraterna litora Erycis, que Sicanos 
 
 he calls: nor do I think the faithful fraternal shores of Eryx, and the Sicilian 
 
 portus longe, si modo memor rite remetior astra 
 
 harbours are far distant, if only mindful rightly I measure back the stars 
 
 servata. Turn pius ./Eneas, Equidem cerno ventos poscere 
 
 observed. Then pious /Eneas said, Indeed I observe the winds demand 
 
 sic jamdudum, et te frustra tendere contra. Flecte viam 
 
 thus long since, and you in vain steer against them. Guide yourcourse 
 
 veils. An ulla tellus sit gratior mihi, qubque 
 
 'by the sails. Whether can any land be more grateful to me, and where 
 
 magis optem demittere fessas naves, quam quas servat 
 
 /can more desire to lay up my wearied ships, than which preserve* 
 
 mihi Dardanium Acesten et gremio complectitur ossa 
 
 to me Trojan Accstea and in its bosom embraces the bones 
 
 patris Anchisffi? Ubi haec dicta, petunt portus, 
 
 of my father Anchises? When these tear* were spoken, they seek the harbours, 
 
 et secundi Zephyri intendunt vela: classis cita fertur 
 
 and the favouring breezes awell the sails: the fleet swift is born*
 
 123 33 
 
 gurgite; et tandem Iseti advertuntur notae arenas- 
 
 on the deep; and at length joyful they are turned to the well-known sand. 
 
 At Acestes excelso verUce mentis procul miratus 
 
 But Acestes from the high summit of a mountain from afar admiring 
 
 adventum, que socias rates, occurrit, horridus in 
 
 their approach, and knowing the friendly ships, meets them, roughly adorned with 
 
 jaculis, et pelle Libystidis ursae: quern Troi'a mater genuit 
 
 arrows, and the skin of a Lybian brar: whom a Trojan mother had borne 
 
 eonceptum Criniso flumine. Ille non immemor veterum 
 
 conceived fromCrinisus a river. He not unmindful of his ancient 
 
 parentum gratatur reduces, et ketus excipit agresti 
 
 jmrents congratulates them returned, and joyful receives them with rustic 
 
 gaza, ac solatur fessos amicis opibus. Cum postera 
 
 abundance, and consoles them wearied with friendly assistance. When the next 
 
 clara dies fugarat stellas primo oriente, ./Eneas advocat 
 
 bright day had scattered the stars with the first dawn, /Eneas calls together 
 
 socios in ccetum ab omni littore, que fatur ex 
 
 nis associates to a meeting from all the shore, and addresses them from 
 
 aggere tumuli: Magni Dardanidse, genus ab alto sanguine 
 
 ihi; mound of a hill:: Ye mighty Trojans, whose race is from the exalted blood 
 
 Divfim, annuus orbis completur mensibus exactis ex 
 
 of Gods, a yearly circle is completed the months being accomplished, from 
 
 quo condidimus terrS. reliquias que ossa divini 
 
 which lime we have buried in the earth the remains and bones of my divine 
 
 parentis, que sacravimus moestas aras. Que jam dies 
 
 parent, and have consecrated mournful altars. And now the day 
 
 adest, ni fallor quern ego semper habebo acerbum 
 
 is present, unless I am mistaken, which I ever shall esteem mournful 
 
 semper honoratum: Di sic voluistis. Si ego exsul 
 
 ever honoured: Ye Gods, thus have you decreed. If I au exile 
 
 agerem hunc in Getulis syrtibus, ve deprensus 
 
 should pass this day among the Getulian quicksands, or overtaken 
 
 Argolico mari et urbe Mycenss, tamen exsequerer annua 
 
 on the Grecian sea and in thecity of Mycenas, yet I will pay my annual 
 
 vota, que solennes pompas ordine, que struerem altaria 
 
 fows, and solemn funeral pomps in order, and I would spread the altars 
 
 suis donis. Nunc ultro adsumus ad cineres et 
 
 with their own gifts. Now unexpectedly we are present at the ashes and 
 
 ossa ipsius parentis, equidem reor, haud sine mente, 
 
 bones of this my father, indeed I suppose, not without the purpose, 
 
 sine numine Divfim, et delati intramus amicos portus. 
 
 without the will of the Gods, and borne on we enter friendly harbours. 
 
 Ergo agite, et cuncti celebremus Isetum honorem: 
 
 Wherefore come on, and let us all celebrate this joyful observance. 
 
 poscamus ventos atque velit me urbe positl 
 
 let us ask for winds and that he be willing that I, our city being founded 
 
 quotannis ferre base sacra templis dicatis sibi. Acestes 
 
 yearly offer these sacrifices in temples dedicated to him. Acestei
 
 121 62 
 
 generatus Troja 1 dat vobis in naves bina capita bourn 
 
 descended from Troy gives to you for the ships vo heads of oxen 
 
 numero: adhibete penates et patriots 
 
 tcordtng to the number: send for yoa< household Gods and then of your country 
 
 epulis, et quos hospes Acestes colit. Praeterea, si nona 
 
 to the feasl, and whom our host Acestes honours. Besides, if the ninth 
 
 aurora extulerit almum diem mortalibus, que retexerit 
 
 morning shall introduce a fair day to mortals, and shall unveil 
 
 orbem radiis, ponam Teucris prima certamina citas 
 
 the globe with its rays. I will propose to tin; Trojans the first trials of tlie swift 
 
 classis. Que qui valet cursu pedum, et qui incedit audax 
 
 fleet. And who excels in the race on foot, and who advances daring 
 
 viribus, aut melior jaculo, que levibus sagittis, seu 
 
 in strength, either more excellent with the dart, and light arrows, or 
 
 fidit committere pugnam crudo csestu; cuncti adsint, 
 
 has confidence to engage in contest with the cruo' gauntlet; let all be present, 
 
 que expectent proemia palmae meritse. Omnes favete 
 
 and await the rewards of victory deserved. All favour us 
 
 ore, et cingite tempora ramis. Fatus sic velat 
 
 with prayer, and bind your temples with boughs. Speaking thus he veils 
 
 tempora materna" myrto. Elymus facit hoc.. Acestes 
 
 his temples with his mother's myrtle. Elymus docs this. Accstes 
 
 maturus aevi hoc, puer Ascanius hoc; quos caetera pubes 
 
 mature in age does this, the boy Ascanius this; whom the other youth 
 
 sequitur. Hie ibat medius e concilio cum multis millibus 
 
 imitate. He went in the midst from the council with iiiany thousands 
 
 ad tumulum, magna caterva comitante. Hie rite libans 
 
 to the tomb. a grcut band accompanying. He iri order offering 
 
 fundit humi duo carchesia mero Baccho, duo novo 
 
 pours out on the ground two bowls of wine to Bacchus, two of new 
 
 acte duo sacro sanguine, que jacit purpureos flores, 
 
 milk, Iwo of consecrated blood. and scatters purple flowers, 
 
 ac fatur talia: Sancte parens, salve! vos Cineres 
 
 and speaks these vords: O holy parent, hail! ye ashes 
 
 nequicquam recepti, que animse que umbroe paternae iterum, 
 
 In vain recovered, and thou soul and ye shades of my father, again 
 
 salvete! non licuit tecum quaerere [talos fines, que arva 
 
 hail! it has uot been allowed with you to seek the Italian confines, and fields 
 
 fatalia, nee Ausonium Tybrim, quicunque est. 
 
 decreed by fate, nor Ausonian Tiber, whatsoever it is. 
 
 Dixerat hsec; cum anguis lubricus, ingens septem 
 
 He had spoken these words; when a snake shining, huge in hit seven 
 
 gyros, traxit s.eptena volumina ab imis adytis, 
 
 folds, he drew along his seven fold coils from the inmost aiiriiics 
 
 placide amplexus tumulum, que lapsus per aras: cui 
 
 peacefully embracing the tomb, and gliding over the altars^ wJitMe 
 
 terga cseruletB notae et squamam fulgor maculosus auro 
 
 kAClc of azure mark and scales a brightness spcck'd with jpiJ
 
 125 88 
 
 fmcendebat, ceu arcus nubibus trahit mille varies 
 
 inflamed, as i bow in the clouds draws a thousand varied 
 
 colores -adverse sole. ./Eneas obstupuit visu. 
 
 colours from the opposing sun. /Eneas stood ainaz'd at the Bight. 
 
 Tandem ille serpens longo agmine inter pateras et 
 
 At length the snake creeping in along path within the gol lets and 
 
 levia pocula, que libavit dapes, que rursus innoxius 
 
 smooth bowls, both sipped the feast, and again harmless 
 
 successit imo tumulo, et liquit altaria depasta. 
 
 entered the bottom of the tomb; and left the altars he had (cd on. 
 
 Magis hoc instaurat genitori honores inceptos, incertus 
 
 Thi 1 more for this he renews to his father the honours begun, doubtfu 
 
 ne putet esse genium loci, ne famulum 
 
 whether he should think it to be the genius of the place, or an attendant 
 
 parentis; caedit quinas bidentes de more, que tot 
 
 of his father; he kills five sheep according to custom, and as many 
 
 sues, totidem juvencos nigrantes terga; que fundebat 
 
 twine, as many bullocks black as to their backs; and poured forth 
 
 vina e pateris, que vocabat animam magni Anchisae, que 
 
 wine from goblets, and invoked the spirit of great Anchises, anu 
 
 manes remissos acheronte. Necnon et socii laeti ferunt 
 
 his remains released from hell. Likewise his associates joyful beai 
 
 dona, qu?B copia est cuique; que onerant aras, que 
 
 gifts, which plenty is to each; and they load the altars, and 
 
 mactant juvencos. Alii locant ahena ordine, que 
 
 sacrifice bullocks. Others place brazen vessels in order, and 
 
 fusi per herbam subjiciunt prunas verubus, et torrent 
 
 scattered along the grasa they place coals under the spits, and roast the 
 
 viscera. Dies expectata aderat, que equi Phaethontis jam 
 
 entrails. The day expected had arrived, and the horses of Phaeton now 
 
 vehebant nonam auroram serenS. luce; que fama et 
 
 led up the ninth morning with clear light; and fame and 
 
 numen clari Acestae excierat fmitimos. Complerant 
 
 thtname of renowned Acestes had excited the neighboring people. Theyfill'd 
 
 litora laeto co3tu, visuri JSneadas, pars et parati 
 
 the snores with a joyful band, to see theT/ojans, apart also prepared 
 
 certare. Principio munera locantur ante oculos, 
 
 to contend. In the first place the rewards are placed before their eyes, 
 
 que in medio circo: sacri tripodes, que virides coronae 
 
 and in midst of the circle: sacred tripodes, and green coronets, 
 
 et palmae, pretium victoribus; que arma, et vestes perfusae 
 
 unit palms, the reward to the conquerors; and arms, and dresses dyed 
 
 ostro, talenta argenti que auri: et tuba canit 
 
 with purple, talents of silver and .gold; and the trumpet sounds 
 
 ludos commissos medio aggere. Quatuor carins 
 
 that tht games arc begun in the midst of thn mound. Four ships 
 
 delectae ex omni classe, pares gravibus remis, ineunt 
 
 Mteoted from aP the fleet, equal with heavy oars, entci
 
 126 115 
 
 prima certamina. Mnestheus agit velocem Pristin 
 
 on (be first contests. Mnef theus coiinnands the swift Pristif 
 
 acri remige, Mnestheus mox Italus a quo 
 
 with a strong rower, Mnestheus presently to be an Italian from which 
 
 nomine genus Memmi: que Gyas ingentem Chimziam 
 
 name the race of Memmius: and Gyas commands '.he great Chimera 
 
 ingenti mole, opus urbis; quam Dardana pubes 
 
 with its great bulk, the work of the city; which the Trojan youth 
 
 impellunt triplici versu, remi consurgunt terno ordine: que 
 
 urge on in triple rank, the oars rise in a triple order: and 
 
 Sergestus, a quo Sergia domus tenet nomen, invehitur 
 
 "ergestus, from whom the Sergian family derives its name, is homo 
 
 magna Centauro; que Cloanthus ccerulei Scylla, unde 
 
 in the great Centaur, and Cloanthus in the azure Scylla, whence 
 
 tibi genus, Romane Cluenti. 
 
 your descent, O Roman Cluentius. 
 
 Procul in pelago contra spumantia litora est saxum quod 
 
 Far off in the sea against the resounding shores is a rock which 
 
 submersum olim tunditur tumidis fluctibus, ubi hiberni 
 
 sunk sometimes is beaten by the swelling waves, when the wintry 
 
 Cori condunt sidera: silet tranquillo que ex und& 
 
 west winds hide the stars: it lies still in the tranquil sea and from the wuve 
 
 immotS. attollitur campus, et static gratissima 
 
 unmoved it is raised as a plain, and is a resting place most grateful 
 
 apricis mergis. Hie pater ^Eneas constituit viridem 
 
 to the basking cormorants. Here father ./Eneas placed a verdant 
 
 metam frondenti ilice, signum nautis, unde scirent 
 
 goal of budding oak, a signal for the sailors, where they may know 
 
 reverti, et ubi circumflectere longos cursus. Turn legunt 
 
 to return, and where to bend around their long circuits. Then they chouse 
 
 loca sorter que ipsi ductores longe effulgent in puppibus, 
 
 their places by lot: and the leaders far off shine in thuir ship*. 
 
 decori auro que ostro. Csetera juventus velatur populed 
 
 decorated with gold and purple. The other youth are veiled with the poplar 
 
 fronde, que perfusa nudatos humeros oleo nitescit. 
 
 leaf, and overspreading their naked shoulder* with oil they shine. 
 
 Consldunt transtris, que brachia intenta remis: intenti 
 
 They sit on the benches, and their arms are extended to the oars: attentive 
 
 exspectant signum, que pavor pulsans, que arrecta cupido 
 
 they await the signal, and fear beating high, and the increase'! desire 
 
 laudum, haurit exsultantia corda. Inde ubi clara tuba 
 
 of praise, exhausts their throbbing hearts. Then when the shrill trumpe' 
 
 dedit sonitum, omnes prosiluere suis finibus, baud 
 
 bad given forth a sound, all leaped to their stations, then is no 
 
 mora; nauticus clamor ferit jethera; freta versa lacertis 
 
 delay: the sailor's shout strikes the skies; the seas upturned by (heir arms 
 
 adductis epumant. Pariter infindunt sulcos; que totum 
 
 drawn back fonin. Together they cleave the furrows; and the whoU
 
 127 143 
 
 aequor convulsum remis que tridentibus rostris dehlscit. 
 
 ocean convulsed with oars and trident beaks yawns. 
 
 Currus non tarn praecipites corripuere campuni 
 
 Chariots not so swift have scoured the plain 
 
 bijugo certamine, que ruunt effusi carcere. 
 
 in a double yoked chariot race, and rush forth let loose from the goal, 
 
 nec aurigae sic concussere undantia lora jugis immissis 
 
 nor do charioteers thus shake the waving reins the yokes being loosened 
 
 que pendent proni in verbera. Turn omne nemus consonat 
 
 and hang bending over the lash. Thea,tbe whole grove resounds 
 
 plausu que fremitu virum, que studiis faventum 
 
 with the applause and noise of the men, and the anxiety of those favouring 
 
 que litora inclusa volutant vocem; pulsati colles resultant 
 
 and the shores inclosed roll back their voice; the beaten bills re-echo 
 
 clamore. Gyas effugit ante alios, que elabitur primis undis 
 
 with the cry. Gyas flies before others, and glides over the first waves 
 
 .inter turbam que fremitum; quern Cloanthus, melior 
 
 amidst the crowd and the noise; whom Cloanthus, more skilled 
 
 remis, deinde consequitur, sed tarda pinus tenet pondere. 
 
 with oars, then follows, but his slow boat restrains by its weight. 
 
 Post hos Pristis que Centaurus tendunt superare priorem 
 
 After these the Pristis and Centaur attempt to pass beyond the first 
 
 locum, aequo discrimine: et nunc Pristis abit, nunc ingens 
 
 place, in equal distance: and now the Pristis passes, now the huge 
 
 Centaurus prseterit victam; que nunc ambze feruntur 
 
 Centaur goes before her conquered; and now both are borne on 
 
 una junctis frontibus, et sulcant salsa vada long 
 
 together with united fronts, and plough the salt shallows with their long 
 
 carind; que jam propinquabant scopulo, que tenebant metam; 
 
 keel; and now they approached the rock, and reached the goal; 
 
 cum Gyas princeps que victor in medio gurgite, 
 
 when Gyaa the chief and conqueror in the midst of the sea 
 
 compellat voce Menceten rectorem navis: Quo 
 
 addresses with his voice Menoetes the steersman of the ship:' Whether 
 
 tantum abis dexter mihi? dirige cursum hue, ama 
 
 toiimcn do you go to the right of me? direct your course hither, incline to 
 
 litus, et sine palmula stringat Izevas cautes: alii teneant 
 
 the shore, and let the oar graze the left cliffs; let others hold 
 
 altum. Dixit: Bed Mencetes timens caeca saxa, detorquet 
 
 the deep. He said: but Menoeles fearing hidden rocks, turns 
 
 proram ad undas pelagi. Quo abis diversus? Gyas 
 
 his prow to the waves of the sea. Why do you go a different wayf Gyas 
 
 iterum revocabat cum clamore, Menoste, pete saxa; et 
 
 again called out with a shout, O Menoetes, seek the rocks; and 
 
 ecce respicit Cloanthum instantem tergo, et 
 
 to be looks back upon Cloanthus pressing on bis back, and 
 
 tenentem propiora. Hie interior radit Isevum iter inter 
 
 balding a nearer course. lie withic, grazes the left path between
 
 128 1G9 
 
 que navem Gy?E que sonantes scopulos, que subitus 
 
 both the rhip of Gya and the resounding rocks, and suddenly 
 
 praeterit priorem, et tenet tuta asquora, metis 
 
 be goes before the former, and holds the safe water, the boundaries 
 
 relictis. Turn verb ingens dolor exarsit ossibus juveni; 
 
 being left behind. Then indeed great grief inflamed the bones of the youth, 
 
 nec genae caruere lacrymis; que oblitus sui decoris. 
 
 nor did hit cheeks want tears; and forgetful of hi* own honour, 
 
 que salutis sociflm, deturbat segnem MenoDten ab 
 
 and the safety of his companions, he hurled the slothful Menoetcs from 
 
 alta puppi praecipitem in mare. Ipse subit gubernaculo 
 
 the lofty stern headlong into the sea. He succeeds to the helm 
 
 rector, ipse magister, que hortatur viros, que torquet 
 
 as pilot, he as commander, and exhorts the men, and turns 
 
 clavum ad litora. At ut Menoetes gravis tandem vix 
 
 the helm to the shores. But as Menoetes oppressed at last scarcely 
 
 redditus est imo fundo, jam senior, que fluens in. 
 
 had returned from the deep bottom, now old and streaming in 
 
 madida veste, petit summa scopuli, que resedit in 
 
 tils wet dress, he seeks the summit of the rock, and sits down on 
 
 siccd rupe. Teucri risere ilium et labentem, et natantem, 
 
 the dry cliff. The Trojans ridicule him both falling, and swimming, 
 
 et rident revomentem salsos fluctus pectore. Hie 
 
 and they laugh at him throwing up the salt waves from his breast. Here 
 
 laeta spes accensa est duobus extremis Sergesto, que 
 
 joyous hope had inflamed the two last Sergestus, and 
 
 Mnestbeo, superare Cyan morantem. Sergestus ante capit 
 
 Mnestbeus, to overcome Gyas delaying. Sergestus anticipates 
 
 locum, que propinquat scopulo; nec tamen ille prior 
 
 the place, and approaches the rock; not such as he was before 
 
 tota carina praeeunte; parte prior; aemula Pristis 
 
 Ais whole keel going before; in part he wag first; his rival Fristis 
 
 premit partem rostro. At Mneatheus incedens per 
 
 presses him in part with her bow. But Mnestheus walking among 
 
 ipsos socios media nave hortatur. Hectorei 
 
 his companions in the midst of bis ship exhorts them. O my Hectorea-n 
 
 socii, quos delegi comites suprema sorte 
 
 associates, whom I have selected as companions in the last fortune 
 
 Trojffi, nunc, nunc insurgite remis; nunc promite illas 
 
 of Troy, now, now rise on your oars; now draw forth those 
 
 vires, nunc animos quibus usi in Getulis syrtibus, 
 
 powers, now that courage which you exhibited in the Getulian quicksands. 
 
 que mart lonio, que sequacibus undis Malese. Mnestheus 
 
 and the s*a of Ionium, and the persecuting waves ofMalea. Mncsthens 
 
 jam non peto prima, que ne certo vincere: 
 
 now do not seek the first rewards, and neither do I strive to conquer: 
 
 qaanquam 6! sed superent, Neptune, quibus dedisti 
 
 Jet O! but let them conquer, O Neptune, to whom you have grunted
 
 129 196 
 
 ooc: pudeat rediisse extremes. Gives, vincite 
 
 this: let it shame us to have returned last. My countrymen, conquer 
 
 et prohibete hoc nefas. Olli procumbunt suinmo 
 
 and forbid this disgrace. They press on with the greatest 
 
 certamine; aerea puppis tremit vastis ictibus, que solum 
 
 Ethfe; the brazen keel trembles with vast blows, and the sea 
 
 subtrahitur. Turn creber anhelitus quatit artus que 
 
 is drawn from under them. Then frequent panting shakes their limbs and 
 
 arida ora: sudor fluit undique rivis. Ipse casus attuli 
 
 parched mouths: sweat flows on every side in streams. This chauce brougu 
 
 viris optatum honorem: namque dum Sergestus interior, 
 
 to the men the desired honour: for while Scrgestus within, 
 
 furens animi suburget pcoram ad saxa que subit 
 
 raging in rnind urges on the prow to the rocks and enters 
 
 iniquo spatio, infelix haesit in procurrentibus saxis. 
 
 an incommodious space, unhappy he hangs on the projecting rocks. 
 
 Cautes concussae et remi obnixi crepuere in acuto 
 
 The cliffs are shaken and the oars struggling crash upon the sharp 
 
 murice, que prora illisa pependit. 
 
 pointed rock, and the prow dashed against it is suspended. 
 
 Nautae consurgunt, et morantur magno clamore, que 
 
 The sailors arise together, and give over with great clamour, and 
 
 expediunt.ferratas sudes et contos acuti cuspide, que 
 
 they apply iron-pointed stakes and poles with sharp points, and 
 
 legunt fractos remos in gurgite. At Mnestheus laetus, que 
 
 they gather the broken oars in the sea. But Muestheus joyful, and 
 
 acrior ipso successu, petit prona maria, celeri agmine 
 
 more active by this success, seeks the open seas, with swift motion 
 
 remorum, que ventis vocatis, et decurrit aperto pelago. 
 
 of oars, and the winds being invoked, and runs on the open sea. 
 
 Qualis columba, cui domus et dulces nidi in latebroso 
 
 As a dove, whose home and sweet young are in a dark 
 
 pumice, subitb commota speluncd, volans fertur in arva, 
 
 cleft, suddenly aroused from the cave, flying is borne to the fields, 
 
 que exterrita dat pennis ingentem plausum tecto; 
 
 and terrified gives with her wings a great beating against the nest; 
 
 mox lapsa quieto sere radit liquidum iter, que ne 
 
 presently gliding through the still air she grazes the liquid way, and does not 
 
 commovet celeres alas: sic Mnestheus, sic ipse Pristis 
 
 move her swift wings: thus Mnestheus, -thus the Pristis 
 
 fug secat ultima aequora; sic ipse impetus fert illam 
 
 in her flight cuts the remotest waters; thus the impulse bears her 
 
 volantem. Et primum deserit Sergestum luctantem in 
 
 flying. And first she deserts Sergestus struggling in 
 
 alto scopulo, que vadis brevibus, que frustra vocantem 
 
 the high rock. and quicksands and shallows, and in vain invoking 
 
 auxilia, et discentem currere fractis remis. Inde consequitur 
 
 aid. and learning to run with broken oars Then be puraues,
 
 130 224 
 
 Cyan, que ipsam Chimsram ingenti mole: cedit, quoniam 
 
 Cya. and the Chimera with her great mass: she yields, since 
 
 est spoliata magistro, que jam Cloanthus solus superest in 
 
 Oie is deprived or a master, and now Cloanthus alone remains on 
 
 ipso fine; quern petit, et adnixus urget summis viribus. 
 
 the boundary; whom he seek*, and striving presses with his utmost strength. 
 
 Turn verb clamor ingeminat, que cuncti studiis instigant 
 
 Then indeed the noise redoubles, and all with anxiety encourage Aim 
 
 sequentem, que aether resonat fragoribus. Hi indignantur 
 
 pursuing. and the sky resou ruls with noise. These are angry 
 
 ai teneant proprium decus et honorem partum; 
 
 cst they should not hold their appropriate glory and honour already obtained, 
 
 jue volunt pacisci vitam pro laude. Sucessus alit hos: 
 
 jtid they wish to bargain life for praise. Success cherishes these: 
 
 possunt, quia videntur posse. Et fors cepissent 
 
 they are able, because they seem to be able. And perhaps they had taken 
 
 praemia aequatis rostris, ni Cloanthus tendens utrasque 
 
 the rewards with equal beaks, unless Cloanthus extending both 
 
 palmas ponto, que fudisset preces, que vocasset Divos 
 
 his hands over the sea, and had uttered prayers, and had invoked the Gods 
 
 in vota: Df, quibus est imperium pelagi, quorum 
 
 in hia vows: YeGods, to whom is the power of the sea, through whose 
 
 aequora curro, ego lastus constituam vobis ante aras 
 
 waters I run, I cheerfully will place to you before your altars 
 
 candenterri taurum in hoc litore, reus voti, que porriciam 
 
 awhile bull on this shore, obliged by my vow, and I will scatter 
 
 exta in salsos fluctus, et fundam liquentia vina. Dixit: 
 
 the entrails on the salt waves, and I will pour out the liquid wines. He said. 
 
 que omnis chorus Nereidum que Phorci, que 
 
 and all the band of Nereids and the train of Phorcus, and 
 
 Panopea virgo audiit eum sub imis fluctibus; et ipse 
 
 the Panopean maid heard him beneath the. lowest waves; and the 
 
 pater Portunus magnd manu impulit euntem. Ilia 
 
 father Portunus with his powerful hand urged on the boat advancing. She 
 
 fugit ad terram citius Noto que volucri sagittd, et 
 
 flies to the land swifter than the south wind and swift arrow, and 
 
 condidit se alto portu. Turn satus Anchisi, cunctis 
 
 hid herself in the deep harbour. Then the son of Anchises, all 
 
 vocatis ex more, declarat Cloanthum victorem 
 
 being summoned according to custom declares Cloantbus conqueror 
 
 magnS. voce praconis, que advelat tempora viridi lauro: 
 
 with a loud voice of a herald, and veils his temples with a green laurel: 
 
 que dat optare ternos juvencos, que vina, et ferre 
 
 and permits Aim to choose three bullocks, and wine, and to bear 
 
 magnum talentum argenti, munera in naves. Addit 
 
 great talent of silver, gifts for the ships. He adds 
 
 praecipuos honores ipsis ductoribus; victori auratam 
 
 distinguished honours IA the leaders; to the conqueror a gilded
 
 131 250 
 
 chlamydem, circum quam plurima MelibcEa purpura 
 
 cloak, around which much Melibean purpla 
 
 cucurrit duplici Maeandro; que regius puer intextus 
 
 ran in a double maze; and the royal boy Ganymede interwoven 
 
 jaculo que cursu fatigat veloces cervos in frondosS. 
 
 with the dart and in the chase fatigues the swift stags upon leafy 
 
 [dd, acer, similis anhelanti, quern praepes armiger Jovis 
 
 Ida, eager, like to one panting, whom the swift armour-bearer of Jove 
 
 uncis pedibus rapuit sublimem ab Ida: longaevi custodes 
 
 with crooked claws seized on high from Ida: the aged guards 
 
 nequicquam tendunt palmas ad sidera; que latratus canum 
 
 in vain extend their hands to the stars; and the barking of dogs 
 
 saevit in auras. 
 
 rages to the skies. 
 
 At donat huic viro, qui deinde tenuit secumdum locum 
 
 But he presents to that man, who afterwards held the second place 
 
 virtute, habere loricam consertam levibus hamis, que 
 
 by his courage, to have a corslet set about with smooth rings, and 
 
 trilicem auro, quam ipse victor detraxerat Demoleo sub 
 
 triple. with gold, which the conqueror drew from Demoleua under 
 
 alto Ilio apud rapidum Simoenta, huic decus et tutamen in 
 
 lofty Ilium by the swift Simois, his ornament and protection ia 
 
 armis. Phegeus que Sagaris famuli vix ferebant illam 
 
 war. Phegeus and Sagaris men-servants scarcely bore * it 
 
 multiplicem, connixi humeris; at Demoleus, olim 
 
 many fold, struggling with their shoulders; but Demoleus, formerly 
 
 indutus cursu agebat palantes Troas. Facit geminos 
 
 clothed in it in the course drove the wandering Trojans. He presents two 
 
 lebetas ex aere tertia dona, que cymbia perfecta argento, 
 
 kettles of brass for the third gifts, and bowls wrought of silver 
 
 atque aspera signis, que jam adeo omnes donati, que 
 
 and rough with figures, and now thus all being rewarded, and 
 
 superbi opibus, ibantevincti tempora puniceis tseniis: 
 
 proud of their wealth, went bound as to their temples with crimson Ribbands: 
 
 cum Sergestus agebat irrisam ratem sine honore, vix 
 
 when Sergestus brought up the despised boat without honour, scarcely 
 
 multa arte revulsam e saevo scopulo, remis amissis, 
 
 with much art torn from the cruel rock, his oars being lost, 
 
 atque debilis uno ordine. Qualis ssepe serpens 
 
 and weak with one tier. As often aserient 
 
 deprensus in aggere viae, quern aerea rota transiit 
 
 overtaken on the height of the way, which a brazen wheel had passed 
 
 obliquum, aut viator gravis ictu liquit seminecem que 
 
 across, or a traveller heavy with a blow has left half dead and 
 
 lacerum saxo: nequicquam fugiens dat longos tortus 
 
 mutilated with a stone: in vain flying gives long wreaths 
 
 corpore; parte ferox, que ardens oculi?, et arduus 
 
 with bis body; in part fierce; and glowing with his eyes, and high
 
 132 278 
 
 attollens slbila colla, pars clauda vulnere, retenta 
 
 ram DR hit hissing neck, a part lame with IMS wound, holds Aim hark 
 
 nexantem nodos, que plicantem se in sua membra: tarda 
 
 folding his knots, and winding himself in his own limbs: the slow 
 
 navis movebat se tali remigio; tamen facitvela, et subit 
 
 hip moved itself with such rowing; yet he makes sail, and enters 
 
 ostia plenis velis. ./Eneas Izetus donat Sergestum promisso 
 
 the port with full sails. ./Eneas rejoiced presents Sergestus with his promised 
 
 munere, ob navem servatam que socios reductos. 
 
 reward, on account of the ship preserved and his associates restored. 
 
 Serva datur olli, baud ignara operum Minervae. 
 
 A female slave is given to him, not ignorant of the labours of Minerva. 
 
 Cressa genus, Pholoe, que gemini nati sub ubere. 
 
 A Cretan in her race, naired Pholoe, and her two children at her breast. 
 
 Hoc certamine misso, pius ^Eneas tendit in gramineum 
 
 This contest being dismissed pious ./Eneas marched to the grassy 
 
 campum, quern sylvae curvis collibus undique cingebant; 
 
 plain, which woods with winding bills on each side surrounded; 
 
 que in medik valle erat circus theatri; qu6 heros 
 
 and in the midst of the vale was the circuit of a theatre; whither the hero 
 
 lulit se medium cum multis millibus que resedit 
 
 withdrew himself in the midst with many thousands., and sat down 
 
 consessu extructo. Hie pretiis invitat animos 
 
 in the assembly on a high seat. Here by rewards he invites the attention of thost 
 
 qui forte velint contendere rapido cursu, et ponit praemia. 
 
 who by chance may wish to contend in the swift race, and places the prizes. 
 
 Teucri que Sicani misti conveniunt undique, primi, 
 
 The Trojans and Sicilians intermingled assemble on every side, first, 
 
 Nisus et Euryalus: Euryalus insignis formd que vindi 
 
 Nisus and Euryalus; Euryalus distinguished for beauty and blooming 
 
 juventa; Nisus pio amore pueri; quos regius Diores de 
 
 youth; Nisus by the pious love of the boy; whom the royal Diores from 
 
 egregiS. stirpe Priami, deinde secutus. Salius, simul 
 
 the renowned race of Priam, then followed. Salius, at once 
 
 et Patron . hunc; alter quorum Acarnan; alter 
 
 and Patron followed him; one of whom was an Acarnanian; the other 
 
 ab Arcadia, sanguine Tegeaeas gentis. Turn duo Trinacrii 
 
 from Arcadia, of the blood of the Tegean nation. Then two Sicilian 
 
 juvenes, Elymus que Panopes, assueti sylvis, 
 
 youths, Elymus and Panopes, accustomed to the woods, 
 
 comites senioris Acestae; preeterea multi, quos obscura 
 
 the companions of the elder Acestes; besides many whom obscura 
 
 lama recondit. 
 
 fame hide*. 
 
 In mediis quibus ^Eneas deinde locutus sic: Accipite 
 
 In the midst of whom Eneas afterwards spoke thus: Receive 
 
 haec animis que advertite laetas mentes: nemo 
 ilteae thing* in your mind and turn your joyful attention: No ou
 
 133 305 
 
 ex hoc numero abibit non donatus mihi Dabo 
 
 of this number s.iall depart not rewarded by me, I will give to each 
 
 ferre biaa Gnossia spicula lucida levato ferro que 
 
 to bear off two Gnossian darts bright with polish' d iron and 
 
 bipennem coelatam argento. Hie unus honos erit 
 
 an axe wrought with ,<i!vi-r This one honour shall be 
 
 omnibus. Primi tres accipient pragma, que nectentur 
 
 to all. Tbe first three shall receive their rewards, and bind 
 
 caput flavS. ohva Primus victor habeto equum 
 
 their heads with the yellow olive- Let the first conqueror have a horse 
 
 msignem phaleris: alter Amazoniam pharetram que 
 
 distinguished for trappings; the other an Amazonian quiver and 
 
 pienam Threcns sagittis, quam balteus circum amplectitur 
 
 full ofTliracian arrows, which a belt around embraces 
 
 lato auro, et fibula subnectit tereti gemma": tertius 
 
 with broad gold, and a buckle fastens with a tapering jewel; let the third 
 
 abito contentus hac Argolica" galea. Ubi haec dicta, 
 
 depart contented with tils Grecian helmet. When these things were said, 
 
 capiunt locum que corripiunt spatia, signo repente 
 
 they take the place, and seize the open space, the signal suddenly 
 
 audito, que efFusi relinquunt limen, similes nimbo; 
 
 being heard, and let loose they leave the goal, like to a storm; 
 
 simul signant ultima. Nisus abit primus que longe 
 
 at once they mark the last limit, Nisus starts first and far off 
 
 emicat ante omnia corpora, ocyor et ventis et 
 
 he springs before all their bodies, swifter even than the winds and 
 
 alis fulminis. Salius insequitur proximus huic, sed 
 
 the wings of lightning. Salius follows next to him. but 
 
 proximus longo intervallo. Deinde spatio relicto post 
 
 next with a long space between. Then a space being left behind 
 
 Euryalus tertius que Elymus sequitur Euryalum Sub 
 
 Euryalus the third and Elymus follows Euryalus Next 
 
 quo ipso ecce Diores deinde volat; que jam terit calcem 
 
 to whom lo Diores afterwards flies; and now wears bis heel 
 
 calce, incumbens humero; et si plura spatia 
 
 with his heel, reclining on his shoulder; and if more space 
 
 supersint transeat elapsus prior ve relinquat ambiguum. 
 
 had remained he had passed gliding before or bad left it doubtful. 
 
 Que jam adventabant fere extreme spatio que fessi sub 
 
 And now they approached almost the last space and wearied near 
 
 ipsum finem cum infelix Nisus labitur levi sanguine, 
 
 to the very end when the unhappy Nisus falls in the slippery blood, 
 
 ut forte juvencis csesis fusus super humum 
 
 as by chance bullocks being slain it had been shed upon the ground 
 
 que madefecerat virides herbas. Hie juvenis ovans, jam 
 
 and had moistened the green grass. Here the youth rejoicing now 
 
 victor baud tenuit vestigia titubata presso solo 
 
 a conqueror did not restrain his footsteps tottering on the trodden ground;
 
 134 333 
 
 <ed concidit pronus in que ipso immundo fimo que sacro 
 
 but fell headlong upon both the filthy nnrc and consecrated 
 
 cruore. Ille tamen non oblitus Euryali, noa amorum; 
 
 blood. He nevertheless teas not forgetful of Euryalus, nor of Ins loves, 
 
 nam surgens per lubrica: opposuit sese Saho;autem ille 
 
 for rising through slimy dirt, he opposed himself to Salius; but he 
 
 jacuit, revolutus in ' spissS. arensu Euryalus emicat ct 
 
 fell, rolling back on the thick sand Euryalus sprang up and 
 
 victor munere amici tenet prima que volat 
 
 conqueror by the favour of In? friend holds the first space, and flies 
 
 plausu que secundo fremitu. Post Elymus subit, et 
 
 with applause and favouring shout. Afterwards Elymus comes up, and 
 
 Diores nunc tertia palma. Hie Salius implet totum 
 
 Diores now the third victor. Here Salius fills the whole 
 
 concessum ingentis caveae et prima ora patrum magms 
 
 assembly of the extensive theatre and the front faces of the fathers with great 
 
 clamoribus; que poscit honorem ereptum dolo reddi 
 
 cries, and demands the honour sn.-itch'd by fraud to be restored 
 
 sibi. Favor tutatur Euryalum que decora lacrymae et 
 
 to him. Favour guards Euryalus and beautiful tears and 
 
 virtus veniens gratior in pulchro corpore. Diores 
 
 virtue coming more grateful in a beautiful body Diores 
 
 adjuvat et proclamat magni voce, qui subiit palms 
 
 assists and proclaims with a great voice, who succeeds to the palm 
 
 que venit ad ultima praemia frustra si primi honores 
 
 and approaches to the last rewards in vain if the first honours 
 
 redduntur Salio. Turn pater ^Eneas mquit, Pueri, vestra 
 
 are given to Salius. Then lather yneas said. Boys, your 
 
 mumera manent vobis certa, et nemo movet palmam 
 
 ewards remain to you sure, and no one removes the prize 
 
 ordine; liceat me miserari casus 
 
 from its order; it may. be allowed to me to pity the misfortune 
 
 insontis amici. Sic fatus dat Salio immane tergum 
 
 of my innocent friend. Thus speaking he gives to Salius a huge skin 
 
 Getuli leonis onerosum villis atque aureis unguibus 
 
 OfaGtetulian lion loaded with hair and golden claws 
 
 Hie Nisus inquit, si tanta praemia sunt victis, 
 
 Here Nisus says, if so great rewards are bcstoiced on the vanquished. 
 
 et te miseret lapsorum, quae digna munera dabis 
 
 and you pity the fallen, what appropriate rewards will you give 
 
 Niso?' qui merui primam coronam laude, ni 
 
 to Nisus? 7 who nave deserved the first prize by my desert, liad not 
 
 inimica fortuna quae Salium tulisset me. Et 
 
 the unhappy chance which t>orr off Salius borne off me. Ann 
 
 simul his dictis ostentabat faciem, et membra 
 
 at the same time with these words he showed his face, and limbs 
 
 turpia udo fimo. Optimus pater risit olli, et 
 
 diny whfc raoUt din. The most indulgent father JEncas smiled on him, aru>
 
 135 359 
 
 jussit *Iypeum efferi, artes Didymaonis, refixum 
 
 rdored a shield to be brought, the skilful work of Didymaon, taken down 
 
 Danais de sacro poste Neptuni. Donat egregium 
 
 ly ilii: Greeks from llic sacred pillar of Neptune He rewards the worthy 
 
 juvcncm hoc prastanti munere. Post ubi cursus 
 
 youth with tins excellent present. Afterwards when the races 
 
 confecti, et percgit dona, nunc si cui est 
 
 were finished, an. I lit 1 !i;til bestowed tliu rewards, now if in any one there if 
 
 virtus, que animus prresens in pectorc, adsit, et 
 
 courage, and resolution present In his breast, let linn advance, and 
 
 attollat brachia,' palmis evinctis. Sic ait, et proponit 
 
 raise his amis, his hands being bound Thus he said anil proposes 
 
 geminum honorem pugnte; victor! juvcncum velatum 
 
 a double honour to the battle, to the conqueror a b'.illock adorned 
 
 auro que vittis: victo ensem atque insignem galeam, 
 
 with gold and fillets tn the conquered a sword and a splendid helmet, 
 
 solatia. Nec mora continue Dares eflfert ora cum 
 
 as a consolation. There is no delay forthwith Dares presents his face with 
 
 vastis viribus, que tollit se magno murmure virfim; qni 
 
 his great strength, and raises himself with great murmuring of men, who 
 
 solus solitus contendere contra Paridem; que idem ad 
 
 alone was accustomed to contend against Pans; and the same at 
 
 tumulum quo maximus Hector occubat, perculit victorem 
 
 the tomb where most heroic Hector lies, struck down victorious 
 
 Buten immani corpore, qui ferebat se veniens de - 
 
 Uiltes ofhuyu body, who boasted himself proceeding from 
 
 Bebrycia gente Amyci, et extendit moribundum in fulvS. 
 
 the licbryciari race of Amycus, and stretched Ami dying on the yellow 
 
 arenS.. Talis Dares tolht altum caput in prima prcelia, 
 
 sand Such was Dares who raised Ais lofty head in the first- contest 
 
 que ostendit latos humeros, que protendens jactat 
 
 mid showed his broad shoulders, and extending he throws about 
 
 brachia alterna, et verberat auras ictibus. Alius quaeritiu 
 
 Ins arms alternately, and bents the' air with blows. Another is sought 
 
 huic, nee quisquam ex tanto agmme audet adire virum, 
 
 for him, nor did any one from so great a band , dare approach the man, 
 
 que inducere crcstus manibus. Ergo alacns que putans 
 
 and draw the {nunllots on his hands Therefore joyful and thinking 
 
 cunctos cxccdere palma, stctit ante pedes jEneze; nee 
 
 that all Vliad witudrawn from (he prize, lie stood before the feet of /Eneas; nor 
 
 moratus plura, turn laeva tenet taurum cornu, atque 
 
 dirt he (Inlay more, then with Ins left hand he holds the bull by tue horn, und 
 
 ita fatur: Nate Dea si nemogaudet credere se pugnre. 
 
 thus hv speak* Son of <i OmkU'ss, if no one^tSares " to trust himself to tin- ri^-lu, 
 
 quo? firns stand!- 1 quo usque decet me teneri? 
 
 *-liai w tin: end <( siandin"' how long donsit hchoovc me to be detained? 
 
 jube ducere dona. Simul cuncti Dardanidte 
 
 tommand then to bring out ll.c t'llts At oncu all *P Trojan*
 
 136 386 
 
 fremebant ore quejubebant promissa 
 
 murmured assent wilh their mouths and ordered the promised rtwanU 
 
 rcddi viro. Hie gravis Acestes castigat Entellum 
 
 to be paid to the man. Here grave Acesles rebukes Enulliu 
 
 dictis, ut consederat proximus viridante toro herbae: 
 
 In these words, as he tat nearest on the green couch of the grass. 
 
 Entelle quondam fortissime heroiim, frustra, tamne 
 
 O Enicllus formerly the most brave of heroe. in vain, will you so 
 
 patiens sines tanta dona tolh nullo certamine? ubi 
 
 juticntly cufler o great prizes to be carried off with no opposition} where 
 
 nunc nobis ille Deus Eryx nequicquam memoratus 
 
 iiitw to us is that God Eryx in vaiu commemorated a* your 
 
 magister? ubi fama per omnem Tnnacriam, et ilia 
 
 niasii-r \\licrewyouriaun! through all Sicily. and thuso 
 
 spolia pendentia tuis tectis? Ille sub haec. Nee 
 
 spoils hanging from your roofs? He to these things answers. Neither 
 
 amor laudis, nee gloria cessit pulsa metu: sedenimgelidus 
 
 love of praise, nor glory has left me banished by fear* but my cold 
 
 sanguis hebet tardante senecta, que vires effetee 
 
 blood is chilled by debilitating age, and my strength worn out 
 
 frigent in corpore. Si ilia juventa nunc foret mihi, quie 
 
 is weakened in my body. If thai youth now could be to me, which 
 
 quondam fuerat, que qua iste improbus fidens exsultat, 
 
 formerly had been, and in which this wretched boaster trusting exults, 
 
 equidem venissem baud mductus pretio que pulchro 
 
 indeed I had come not led on by the prize and the beautifu 
 
 juvenco; nee moror dona. Deinde locutus sic projecit 
 
 bullock; nor do 1 wail for prizes. Then having spoken thus he cast 
 
 in medium gemmos caestus rmmani pondere, quibus acer 
 
 in the midst two gauntlets of vast weight, with which brave 
 
 Eryx suetus ferre manum in prcelia, que intendere 
 
 Ei'yx had been accustomed to bear his hand in battle, and to stretch 
 
 brachia duro tergo. Animi obstupuere, septem 
 
 his arms in th<j hard ski a. Their minds were amazed; ,-. seven 
 
 ingentia terga tantorum bourn rigebant insuto plumbo que 
 
 great skins of such huge oxen were stiffi-ned with inserted lead and 
 
 ferro. Dares ipse stupet ante omnes, que longe recusut, 
 
 iron. Dares hinc-clf stands am.ized b?fore all, and utterly refuse* 
 
 que magnanimus Anchisiades versat hue illuc 
 
 tojight. and the high inimle'l sou of Anchises turns over this way and tuat 
 
 et pondus, et ipsa immensa volumma vinclorum. Turn 
 
 both the weight, and the immense folds of the gauntlets. Then 
 
 senior referebat tales voces pectore: Quid si quis 
 
 the aged man uttered these words from his breast What if any one 
 
 vidisset caestus et arma Herculis ipsius que tnsten? 
 
 had seen the gauntlets anil armour of Hercules himself and the s.i.J 
 
 pugnam in hoc ipso litore* Tuus germanus Eryx quondam 
 
 eoalesi on ihi v.iry *hort Vur brother Ery fonncrlr
 
 137 413 
 
 gerebat hoec arma. Cernis adhuc infecta sanguine que 
 
 bore these anus. You see them even no\v stained with blood and 
 
 sparse cerebro. His sletit contra magnum Alciden; ego 
 
 .scattered brains. Will) these he stood against the great Hercules; I 
 
 suetus his, dum melior sanguis dabat vires, 
 
 have been accustomed to these, when my better blood gave strength, 
 
 nec dum amiula senectus canebat sparsa geminis 
 
 nor yet had envious age tnrned me gray being sprinkled on both 
 
 temporibus. Sed si Troi'us Dares recusat haec nostra arma, que 
 
 wy temples. But if Trojan Dares refuses these our arms, and 
 
 id sedet pio ./Eneae, si Acestes auctor probat, 
 
 it is determined by the pious Kneas, if Acestes our adviser approves 
 
 sequemus pugnas, remitto tibi terga Erycis; solve metus; 
 
 Ct us equal the fight. I yield to you the skins of Eryx; banish fear; 
 
 et tu exue Trojanos caestus. Fatus haec rejecit 
 
 and 1 do you put off the Trojan gauntlets. Speaking those words he threw back 
 
 ex humeris duplic'em amictum, et exuit magnos artus 
 
 from his shoulders his double dress, and stript the groat joints 
 
 membrorum, magna ossa que lacertos, atque ingens consistit 
 
 of hlstimr-s, his great bones and arms, and great he stood forth 
 
 media arena: Turn pater satus Anchisa extulit 
 
 in the midst of the sand 1 Then the father descended from Anchisa raised 
 
 aequos csestus et innexuit palmas amborum paribus armis. 
 
 tile equal gauntlets and bound the hands fboth with equal arms. 
 
 Extemplo ulerque constitit arrectus in digitos, que interritus 
 
 Forthwith each stood erect on his toes, and undismayed 
 
 extulit brachia ad superas auras. Retro abduxere ardua 
 
 raised his arms to the lofty air. Backward they drew their towering 
 
 capita longe ab ictu, que immiscent manus manibus, que 
 
 heads far from the blow, and intermingle hands with hands, and 
 
 lacessunt pugnam, ille melior motu pedum, que fretus 
 
 provoke the contest, the one better in the motion of his feet, and relying 
 
 juventd; hie valens membris et mole, sed tarda genua 
 
 on his youth; the other powerful in limbs and size, but his weak kneea 
 
 labant trem^uti: aeger anhelitus quatit vastos artus. Viri 
 
 fail Aim trembling a sickly panting shakes his vast joints. The men 
 
 jactant multa vulnera inter se nequicquam; ingeminant 
 
 hurl many wounds among themselves in vain: they redouble 
 
 multa cavo lateri, et dant vastos sonitus pectore, que 
 
 many on their hollow sides, and cause great sounds from their breasts, an 
 
 crebra manus errat circum aures et temporal maloe 
 
 tltc frequent hand wanders around their cars and temples: their jaws 
 
 crepitant sub duro vulnere. Entellus stat gravis, que 
 
 crash under the severe blows. Entrllus stands heavy, and 
 
 immotus eodem nisu, modo corpore atque vigilan(ibus 
 
 unmoved in the same posture only with his body aud watchful 
 
 uculis exit ,tela. Ille velut qui oppugnat celsam 
 
 eyes he avmns tho weapons. He as o,ic who brrsiegcs aloft;
 
 I3B 440 
 
 urbem molibus, aut seclet sub armis circum montana 
 
 city with engine*, or sits down under urnis around a mountain 
 
 castclla, nunc arte pererrat hos, nunc illos aditus, que 
 
 lort. now with art wanders over th^se, now those approaches, and 
 
 omnem locum: et irritus urget variis assultibus. Entellus 
 
 all the place; and baffled presses on with various assaults. Entellus 
 
 insurgens ostendit dextram, et alte extulit: ille velox 
 
 rising Eho\va his right hand, and on high raises it. he (Dares) quickly 
 
 pnevidit ictum venientem a vertice, que ccleri corpore 
 
 foresaw the blow approaching from above, and with his active body 
 
 elapsus ccssit. 
 
 escaping withdrawn. 
 
 Entellus efTudit vires in ventum; et ipse gravis que 
 
 Entellus spent his strength on the wind; anil hi instil heavy and 
 
 ultro conciditgraviter ad terram vasto pondere; ut 
 
 forthwith f.ills heavily to the earth with vast weight; as 
 
 quondam cava pinus eruta radicibus concidit aut in 
 
 sometimes a hollow pine lorn up hy the roots falls either on 
 
 Erymantho, aut magna Ida. Teucri et Trinacria pubes 
 
 Erynianthus or grout Ida. The Trojan nnd Sicilian youth 
 
 consurgunt studiis: clamor it ccelo; que Acestes 
 
 jmse with anxiety; a shout goes forth to heaven; and Acnstes 
 
 primus accurrit, que miserans amicum requacvum attollit ab 
 
 first runs up, and pitying hisfricnd of equal age lifts Aim from 
 
 humo. At heros, non tardatus que ne territus casu, 
 
 the ground. B.ii the hero not retarded and not frightened by the fall, 
 
 redit acrior ad pugnam, ac ira suscitat vim: turn pudor 
 
 returns more active In inn contest, and rage arouses his violence: then shame 
 
 incendit vires, et conscia virtus, que ardens agit Daren 
 
 inflame 1 ? his strength and conscious courage, und burning he drives Dares 
 
 prsecipitem toto cequore; nunc ille ingeminans ictus 
 
 lii.-ndloii!; through tho wholi: plain; now he redoubling his blows 
 
 dextra, nunc sinistrd. Nee mora nee requies. 
 
 an the right, now on tin- left. Nor is tlicre di:lay nor rest. 
 
 Quam multa grandine nimbi crepitant culminibus, sic 
 
 As with much hail showers rutile on the house tops, thus 
 
 densls ictibus hcros crebcr pulsat que versat Dareta 
 
 will) thick blows the horo frequently strikes and turns Dares 
 
 utraque manu. Turn pater ./Eneas baud passus iras 
 
 withcatlt lianil Then failifr yTm-as did not suffer his anger 
 
 procedere longius, et Entellum sacvire acerbis animis; sed 
 
 to proceed furtiier, ami Cntellus to ra^e ' with hitter anger but 
 
 imposuit finem pugnae, que cripuit Dareta fcssum, mulcens 
 
 h-jii an end to tholinttle, and siiiiirhi.-il Uares wearied soolliin liim 
 
 dictis, ac fatur talia: Infclix! quae tanta dementia 
 
 with words, and hr- spraks these ik'nigs: Unhappy man! wliat great madness 
 
 cepit animumr non sentis alias vires, que nuniina 
 
 hath possessed your mind? do you not perceive other powers, and thut Hie (7uJ
 
 139 467 
 
 con versa? cede Deo. Que dixit, etdiremit prcelia 
 
 At?, changed? yield to the God. And he spoke, and ended the batilo 
 
 voce. Ast fidi sequales ducunt ilium ad naves, 
 
 with his voice. But his faithful companions lead hup to the ships. 
 
 trahentem aegra genua que jactantem caput utroque 
 
 dragging his feeble knees and throwing his head on each side 
 
 que ejociantem crassum cruorem ore, que denies 
 
 and throwing up clotted blood from his mouth, and teeth 
 
 mistos in sanguine; que vocati accipiunt galeam que ensem; 
 
 were mingled in blood; and called in they receive the helmet and sword,. 
 
 relinquunt palmam que taurum Entello. Hie victor 
 
 they leave the palm and bull to Entellus. Here the conqueror 
 
 superans animis, que superbus tauro, inquit, Nate De 
 
 elated in mind, and proud of his bull, said, O horn of a Goddess, 
 
 que vos Teucri cognoscite hacc, et quse vires fuerinft 
 
 and you ye Trojans know these things, and what strength has bcen> 
 
 mihi in juvenili corpore, et a qua morte servetis 
 
 tome in my youthful body, and from what death you have saved) 
 
 Dareta revocatum. Dixit, et stetit contra ora juvenci 
 
 Dares recalled. He said, and stood opposite the front of the bullocto 
 
 adversi, qui adstabat donum pugnae; que arduus dextra 
 
 opposite, which stood the prize of the contest; and high with hisright hand) 
 
 reducta libravit duros caestus inter media. cornua 
 
 drawn back he poised the hard gauntlets between the horn 
 
 que illisit in ossa, cerebro effracto. Bos sternitur, que 
 
 and dashed them In to the bones, the brains being broken. The ox is struck down, and 
 
 tremens procu;nbit humi exanimis. Ille super effudit 
 
 trembling falls on the ground lifeless. He over Aim uttered 
 
 pectore tales voces: Eryx, persolvo hanc meliorem 
 
 from Ins breast these words: .Eryx, I pay this a better 
 
 animam tibi pro morte Daretis; hie victor 
 
 soul to you in the place of the death of Dares; and here a conqueror 
 
 rcpono crcstus que artem. Protinus YEneas invitat qui 
 
 1 lay down my gauntlets and my art. -Forthwith Aliens invites those who 
 
 forte velint certare celeri sagitta, et ponit 
 
 by chance might wish to contend with the swift arrow, and lays down 
 
 prsemia; que ingenti manu erigit malum de nave 
 
 the rewards; and with his great hand erects a mast taken from the ship 
 
 Seresti, et suspendit ab alto malo volucrem columbam in 
 
 of Serostus, and hangs from the lofty mast a swift. dove upon 
 
 fune trajccto, quo tendant ferrum. Viriconvenere; 
 
 Ihc rope thrust through, \vhithcrthey mi^ht direct their dart. The men assembled. 
 
 que zErea galea accepit dcjectam sortem; et locus 
 
 und the br-izen hiMmet received the cast lot; and the place 
 
 Hippocoontis Hyrtacidse exit primus ante omjes 
 
 of llippocoon the son of Ilyrtncus came out first before alt 
 
 secundo clamore; quern Mnestheus modo victor na>ali 
 
 with favouring *hoiit; ivhon> "ilncsthinis now victorious in the i.-fat
 
 140 4<M 
 
 certamme consequitur, Mnestheus evmctus viridi oliva. 
 
 contest follows. Mnestheus bound with the green olive. 
 
 Tertius Eurytion, tuus frater, 6 clarissime Pandare, qui, 
 
 The third Eurytion, thy brother O most renowned Pandarus, who, 
 
 quondam jnssus confundere fcedus, torsisti telum primus in 
 
 formerly commanded to confound the treaty, hurled thednrt first into 
 
 Diedios Achivos Acestes subsedit extremus que imd 
 
 the niitlssof ihe Creeks Acestes settled down the last and in the bottom 
 
 ,gafe&, et ipse ausus manu tentare laborem 
 
 'the helmet, even he daring with his hand to attempt the labour appropriate 
 
 juvenum. Turn viri quisque pro se incurvant flexos 
 
 lo-youth. Then HIP men each one for himself bend their flexile 
 
 arcus validis viribus, et depromunt tela pharetris. Que 
 
 oows with powerful strength, and draw out darts from their quivers. And 
 
 sagitta juvenis Hyrtacida? prima diverberat volucres 
 
 the arrow of the youth the son of Hyrtacus first cut through the swift 
 
 auras, stridente nervo, per coelum, et venit, que infigitur 
 
 air, from the hissing string, through the sky, and came, and is fastened 
 
 arbore adversi mali. Malus intremuit, que ales 
 
 in the wood of the opposite mast. The mast trembled, and the bird 
 
 exterrita timuit pennis, et omnia sonuerunt ingenti 
 
 terrified fluttered with her wings, and all parts resounded with great 
 
 plausu. Pdst acer Mnestheus constitit arcu adducto, 
 
 applause. After brnve Mnestheus stood with his bow drawn back, 
 
 petens alta; que pariter tetendit oculos que telum. Ast 
 
 aiming high; and at once directed his eyes and dart. But 
 
 miserandus non valuit contingere ipsam avem ferro; 
 
 to be pitied he could not touch the bird with his dart; 
 
 rupit nodos et linea vincula, queis innexa pedem 
 
 he broke the knots and hempen bandages, with which being bound as to its foot 
 
 pendebat ab alto malo. Ilia volans fugit in Notos 
 
 it hung from the lofty mast. It flying escaped into the south winds 
 
 atque atra nubila. Turn rapidus Eurytion, jamdudum 
 
 and black clouds. When swift Eurytion, a long time 
 
 tenens tela contenta parato 'arcu, vocavit fratrem in 
 
 holding his weapon outstretched in his prepared bow, invoked his brother in 
 
 vota; jam speculatus columbam laetam vacuo coelo, et 
 
 his vows; now watching the dove joyful in the vacant sky, and 
 
 claudentem alis, figit sub nigra nube. Ilia decidit 
 
 flapping with her wings, pierced her beneath a black cloud She fell 
 
 exanimis, que reliquit vitam in aetheriis astris, que delapsa 
 
 lifeless, and left her life among etherial stars, and falling 
 
 elert fixam sagittam. Acestes solus superabat palm3 
 
 Brings back the adhering arrow. Acestes alone remained the prize 
 
 imiss&: qui tamen contorsit telum in aerias auras, que 
 
 being lost; who yet shot forth his dart into the etliehal air, and 
 
 pariter ostentans artem que sonantem arcum. Monstrura 
 
 .at unco displaying his art. and sounding bow. A orodigy
 
 141 524 
 
 subito, que futurum magno auguno objicitur hie oculis: 
 
 uddenly, and about to be a great portent is presented here to their eyes 
 
 ingens exitus docuit p&st, que terrifici vates cecinerunl 
 
 the great event taught afterwards, and the terrified prophets foretold 
 
 sera omina. Namque arundo volans in liquidis nubibus 
 
 the late omens. For the arrow flying among the liquid clouds 
 
 arsit, que consumpta recessit in tenues ventos; seu saepe 
 
 burnt, and being consumed withdrew into the light winds; as often 
 
 sidera refixa ccelo transcurrunt, que volantia ducunt 
 
 stars . .unloosed from heaven fly across the sky, and flying ". draw 
 
 crinem. Trinacrii viri que Teucri haesere attonitis animis 
 
 a train. The Sicilian men and Trojans remain with astonished minds 
 
 que precafi Superos: nee maximus ^Eneas abnuit omen 
 
 and praying the Gods: nor did great .(Eneas deny the omen 
 
 sed amplexus laetum Acesten cumulat magnis muneribus, 
 
 but embracing joyful Acestes loads him with great rewards, 
 
 ac fatur talia: Pater, sume nam raagnus Rex Olympi 
 
 and speaks these words: O Father, take them for the great King of heaven 
 
 talibus avispiciis voluit te ducere honorem exsortem- 
 
 bysuch auspices has willed that you draw the honour of victory out of course. 
 
 Habebis hoc munus longsevi Anchisae ipsius; cratera 
 
 You shall have this gift of the aged Anchises himself; a goblet 
 
 impressum signis; quern Thracius Cisseus olim dederat 
 
 impressed with figures, which Thracian Cisseus formerly had given 
 
 Anchisae genitori ferre in magno munere monumentum et 
 
 to Anchises my father to bear for a great present a monument and 
 
 pignus sui amons Fatus sic, cingit tempora viridanti 
 
 pledge of bis love. Speaking thus; he surrounds his temples with a green 
 
 lauro, et appellat Acesten primum victorem ante omnes. 
 
 laurel, and proclaims Acestes first a conqueror before all. 
 
 Nec bonus Eurytion invidit praelato honori, quamvis solus 
 
 Nor does good Eurytion envy the preferred honour, although alone 
 
 dejecit avem ab alto ccelo. Ingreditur proximus 
 
 he struck down the bird from the lofty sky. He conies next 
 
 donis, qui rupit vincula; extremus qui fixit malum 
 
 in gifts. who broke the cords, lie last who pierced the mast 
 
 volucri arundine. 
 
 with the swift dart. 
 
 At pater jEneas, certamine nondum misso vocat 
 
 But father Eneas, the contest not yet being dismissed calls 
 
 ad sese Epytiden custodem que comitem impubis 
 
 to himself Epydites the guardian and companion of the youthfUi 
 
 liili, et sic fatur ad fidam aurem: Vade age, ait 
 
 Culus. and thus he speaks to his faithful ear: Proceed go, said he 
 
 et die Ascanio, si jam habet uerile agmen paratum 
 
 and tell Ascanius. if now he has ~e boyish troop prepared 
 
 secum'que instruxit cursus equorum, ducat 
 
 Kith him and has array'd the courses of the horse, that he should lead oul
 
 142 550 
 
 turmas avo et ostendat sese in armis. Ipse jubet 
 
 the bands to hi* grandfather and shows himself in arms. lie commatnU 
 
 omnem populem infusum dccedere longo circo 
 
 all the people scattered about to \\itlulraw from llic long cirrus. 
 
 et campos esse patcntes. Pueri incedunt, que paritcr 
 
 and Ihfi plains lobe laiil open. Tin: buys march on, mid together 
 
 lucent in frxnatis equis ante ora parentum; quos 
 
 Inne upon tln.-ir miii'd hours before the faces of tlicir parents; whom 
 
 euntes omnis juventus Tnnacriae que Trojcc mirata frcmit. 
 
 going out all ihc youth of Sicily and of Troy admiring shout. 
 
 Coma pressa omnibus tonsS. coronfi in 
 
 The hair was pressed to all with a shorn garland according to 
 
 morem. Ferunt bina hastilia cornea prcefixo ferro; 
 
 their manner. They bear two spears nf cornel with pointed steel; 
 
 pars leves pharetras humero. Flexilis circulus 
 
 a part bear light quivers on their shoulders. A pliant circle 
 
 obtorti auri it per collum summo pcctore. Turmse 
 
 of twisted gold goes over the neck front the top of the breast. The troops 
 
 equitum tres numero, jque terni ductores vagantur: bis 
 
 of horsemen three in number, 'and three leaders range about, tuice 
 
 seni pueri secuti quemque fulgent partito agmine, q>ie 
 
 six boys following each shine In a divided band, aiivl 
 
 paribus magistris. Una acies juvenum quam parvus 
 
 with cqunl leaders. One troop of youth winch little 
 
 Priamus, referens nomen avi, ducit ovantem, 
 
 Priam, bearing the name of his grandfather, leads on triumphing. 
 
 tua clara progenies, Polite auctura Italos, quern 
 
 thy rcnown'd offspring, O Polites about to augment the Italians wlmitt 
 
 Thracius equus bicolor albis maculis portal; vestigia 
 
 a Ttiracian horse variegated with white spots bears; the steps 
 
 primi pedis alba que arduus ostentans albam frontem. 
 
 of his fore feet are white and on high displaying Ins wlule fon-hcad. 
 
 Alter Atys, unde Latini Atti- duxere genus, parvus Atys, 
 
 The other Atys. whence the Latin Atti have derived their raco. litthr At>s, 
 
 que puer dileclus puero liilo. Extremus que pulrher 
 
 and the boy beloved by the boy lulus. The last <md beautiful 
 
 forma ante omnes" lulus invectus et Sidonio equo, 
 
 inform before all lulus is borne onuSidoman linrsc. 
 
 quem Candida Dido dedcrat esse monumenlum et pig'u3 
 
 which the fair Dido had givrn to be a monuninnr ni.il pledge 
 
 sui amoris. Caetera ptibes fcrtur Tnnacnis equis semens 
 
 of her love. The oth-r youth are borne on Trinacriau horwit oftiu'.nnd 
 
 Accestse. Dardanidoe plausu excipiunt pavidos, q JP 
 
 Accstes. The Trojans with applause receive ikem ifuMntg. <ii| 
 
 gaudent tuentes que agnoscunt ora veterum parentun. 
 
 rejoice beholding and tlu.-yknow the features of their former parenM 
 
 Postquam laeti lustravere omnem coacessum, qu 
 
 jidci joyful they had survey 'd all the assembly. M
 
 143 577 
 
 oculos suorum " in equis. Epytides longe dedil 
 
 the eyes of their friends on their horses. The son of Epytus from afar gave 
 
 signum paratis clamore, que Insonuit flagello. 
 
 a sign to them prepar'd with, a shout, and sounded with bis whip. 
 
 Olli discurrere pares, atque terni soPvere agmina 
 
 TV-iy ran away in pairs. and three by three ihey display their troops 
 
 ehoris diductis; que rursus vocati convertere vias, 
 
 their bands being drawn out and again call'd they turn'd tAetrways 
 
 que tulere infesta tela. Inde meunt alios cursus, qu 
 
 and bore hostile darts. Then they enter on other courses, an 
 
 alios recursus adversis spatus, que impediunt 
 
 other retreats In their opposite race grounds; and entangle 
 
 alternos orbes orbibus, que cient simulacra pugnse 
 
 alternate circles with circles, and represent the image of a battle 
 
 sub armis. Et nunc nudant terga fugS. nunc 
 
 under arms. And now they expose their backs in flighi now 
 
 mfensi vertunt spicula, nunc pace facts, pariter 
 
 hostile they turn their darts, now peace being made > together 
 
 feruntur. Ut lanyrinthus m alta Greta* fertur 
 
 they are borne on. As a labyrinth in lofty Crete is said 
 
 quondam habmsse iter textum caecis pariehbus, que 
 
 formerly to have had a path interwoven in us dark walls, and 
 
 dolum ancipitem mille viis, qua mdeprensus et 
 
 amaze doubtful by a thousand ways, where the intricate and 
 
 irremeabilis error falleret signa sequendi, haud aliter 
 
 inextricable winding would deceive the signs of one following; not otherwise 
 
 nati Teucrum impediunt vestigia cursu, que 
 
 the sons of the Trojans entangle their footsteps in the course, and 
 
 ludo texunt fugas et prcelia: similes delphinum, qui 
 
 in sport interweave flights, and battles: like dolphins, which 
 
 nan do per humida maria secant Carpathiuni que 
 
 in suimming through the moist seas cut the 'Carpathian and 
 
 Libycum que ludunt per undas. 
 
 Ltbian seas and sport through the waves. 
 
 Ascanius primus retulit hunc morem cursus, atque haec 
 
 Ascanius first restored this custom of the race, and these 
 
 certamma, cum cingeret Albam longam muris, et docuit 
 
 contests, when he surrounded Alba onga with walls, and taught 
 
 priscos Latinos celebrare: quo mod6 puer ipse, quo 
 
 the nncient Latins to celebrate them: as the boy himself, as 
 
 Tioia pubes secum, Albani docuere suos: 
 
 the Trojan youth with hj_m had observed them so the Albans taught tbeir 
 
 hinc porro maxima Roma accepit et servavit 
 
 tons, hence moreover most exalted Rome received them and preserved 
 
 patrium honorem, nunc dicitur Troja que pueri 
 
 the native honour, now it is called Troy and the boys are eallea 
 
 Trojanum agmen, Hactenus certamina celebrata 
 
 the Trojan; band. Thus far the contests had been celebrated
 
 144 604 
 
 sancto~patn. Hie fortuna mutata pnmum novavit fidem 
 
 to the holy father Here fortune shifting first changed h.i I'.uilr 
 
 Dum*rtierunt solcnnia tumulo variis ludis 
 
 While they celebrate the anniversary rites at I he tomb by various gamed, 
 
 Saturnia Juno misit Inm de ccelo ad Iliacam classem, que 
 
 Salurman Juno sent Iris from heaven to the Trojan lleet, and 
 
 aspirat ventos eunti, movens multa, necdum 
 
 favours the winds to her going, revolving many tilings, nor yet 
 
 exsaturata antiquum dolorem. Ilia virgo celerans viam 
 
 having satisfied her ancient grief. The maid hastening her way 
 
 per arcum mille coloribus, visa nulli decurrit cito 
 
 through a bow with a thousand colours, seen by none ran along the swift 
 
 tramite. Conspicit ingentem concursum et lustrans litora, 
 
 path. She beholds a great assembly and surveying t lie store.--, 
 
 videt que portus desertos, que classem relictam. At 
 
 sees both the harbour* deserted and the fleet abandoned. But 
 
 Troades procul secretae in sola actS. flebant 
 
 the Trojan matrons afar off retired upon the lonely shore mournrd 
 
 Anchisen amissum, que cunctae flentes aspectabant 
 
 Anchiscs lost. and all weeping beheld 
 
 profundum pontum. Heu! tot vada et tantum maris 
 
 the deep sea Alas! that so many shallows and so much of the sea 
 
 superesse fessis, una vox omnibus. Grant urbem; 
 
 remains to us weaned, this one voice was to all They pray for a city; 
 
 taedet perferre laborem pelagi. Ergo baud ignara 
 
 it wearies tkem to endure the labour of the ocean. Therefore she not ignorant 
 
 nocendi conjecit sese inter medias, et reponit que faciem 
 
 of injuring threw herself in the midst, and laid aside both the form 
 
 que vestem De. Fit Beroe, longseva conjux 
 
 and the dress of a Goddess. She becomes Beroe, the aged wife 
 
 Dorycli Ismarii, cui quondam genus et nomen que nati 
 
 of Doryclian Ismarns, to whom formerly family and name and children 
 
 fuissent. Ac sic infert se mediam matrilms Dardanidum. 
 
 bad been. And thus she bears herself in the midst of the matrons of the Trojans. 
 
 O miserse inquit, quas Achaica manus non traxerit 
 
 O wretched mothers said she, whom the Achaian band had not drawn 
 
 ad lethum bello, sub mcenibus patriae. O infelix gens: 
 
 to death by war, under the walls of my country O unhappy nation, 
 
 cui exitio fortuna reservat te? septima sestas jam 
 
 for what destruction does fortune reserve you? the. seventh summer now 
 
 vertitur post excidium Trojae, cum fenmur, emensae 
 
 evolves since the fall of Troy, when we are borne on, having measured 
 
 freta, omnes terras, tot inhospita saxa, que sidera, dum 
 
 the seas, all lands, so many inhospitable rocks, and climates, while 
 
 per magnum mare, sequimur Italiam fugientem, et 
 
 through tin; great sea, we pursue Italy Dying, and 
 
 volvimur undis. Hie fraterni fines Erycis, 
 
 ce are overwhelmed in the waves. Here art the fraternal boundaries of Eryx
 
 145 630 
 
 atque est hospes Acestes; quid prohibet jaceremuros, 
 
 and (Afc is aur host Acestes; vvjiat forbids us to found walls, 
 
 et dare urbem civibus? O patriae Penates rapti 
 
 and to give a city to our countrymen? O my country's household gods snatched 
 
 ex hoste nequicquam; ne nulla moenia jam dicentur Trojae? 
 
 from the foe in vain; will no walls now be called Troy? 
 
 nusquam videbo Hectoreos amnes, Xanthum et Simoenta? 
 
 never shall I behold Hector's , streams, Xanthua and Simois? 
 
 Quin agite et mecum exurite infaustas puppes. Nam 
 
 But come on and with me burn these unlucky ships. For 
 
 imago Cassandra? vatis per somnum visa dare mihi 
 
 the image of Cassandra the prophetess during my sleep seemed to give tome 
 
 ardentes faces: Hie inquit, quaerite^Trojam; hie domus est 
 
 Iwrning torches: Here said she, seek for ' Troy; . here a home is 
 
 vobis. Nunc tempus res agi. Nee rnora tantis 
 
 for you. Now is the time for things to be done. There is no delay to so great 
 
 prodigiis. En quatuor arae Neptuno: Deus ipse ministrat 
 
 prodigies. Lo four altars to Neptune: The God himself supplies 
 
 faces que animum. Memorans hsec prima corripit 
 
 torches and a disposition to use them. Uttering these words first she seizes 
 
 infensum ignem vi, que dextra sublata connixa 
 
 the hostile fire by violence, and with her right band uplifted struggling 
 
 procul coruscat, et jacit. 
 
 afar off she brandishes, and hurls it. 
 
 Mentes Iliadum arrectae, que corda stupefacta. 
 
 The minds of the Trojan matrons were roused, and their hearts astonished. 
 
 Hie una e multis, quse maxima natu, Pyrgo, regia nutrix 
 
 Here one from many, who was the eldest, Pyrgo, the royal nurse 
 
 tot natorum Priami, Beroe non vobis, matres, hsec 
 
 of so many of the sons of Priam, said Beroe is not with you O m others, this 
 
 non Rhosteia conjux Dorycli: notate signa divini decoris, 
 
 is not the Rhceteian wife of Doryclus: mark the signs of her divine beauty, 
 
 que oculos ardentes; qui spiritus, qui vultus ve 
 
 and her eyes sparkling; what fragrant breath, what a countenance or 
 
 sonus vocis, vel gressus illi eunti! Ipsa egomet dudum 
 
 sound of her voice, or step to her going! I myself lately 
 
 digressa reliqui Beroen segram, indignantem quod sola 
 
 departing have left Beroe sick, and enraged because alone 
 
 careret tali munere, nee inferret meritos honores 
 
 she was deprived of such an office, nor could pay deserved honours 
 
 Anchisae. Effata base; at matres primo spectare 
 
 to Anchises. She said, these things; but the mothers at first began to regard 
 
 naves malignis oculis, ancipites, que ambiguse,< inter 
 
 the ships with malignant eyes, doubting, and wavering, between 
 
 miserum amorem prsesentis terras, que regna vocantia 
 
 the wretched love of the present land, and the kingdoms inviting tAcis] 
 
 fatis; cum Dea sustulit se paribus alis per cerium 
 
 by the tales; when the Goddess raised herself on equal wings through the sky
 
 146 657 
 
 que secuit ingentem arcum sub nubibus fug. Tuni verb 
 
 nd cut a great bow under the clouds in her flight. Then indeed 
 
 attonitre monstris, que actse furore, conclaraant, quo 
 
 astonished by these prodigies, and drawn by madness, they cry out, and 
 
 rapiunt ignem penetralibus focis: pars spoliant aras, 
 
 ni'i/.e the fire from the inmost hearths: a part strip the altars, 
 
 conjiciunt frond^m ac virgulta que faces; Vulcanus furit 
 
 tlicy throw leaves and shrubs and firebrands; the fire rages 
 
 immissis habenis per transtra, et remos, et pictas 
 
 with uncontrolled reins through the benches, and oars, and painted 
 
 puppes abiete. Eumelus nuncius perfert ad tumulum 
 
 hips of fir. Eumelus the messenger conveys to the tomb 
 
 Anchisae que cuneos theatri, naves incensas; et 
 
 of Anchises and to the benches of the theatre, that the ships are on fire; and 
 
 ipsi respiciunt atram favillam volitare in nimbo. Et Ascanius 
 
 they behold the black embers fly in a cloud. And Ascanius 
 
 primus, ut laetus ducebat equestres cursus, sic acer equo 
 
 first as joyful he led out the equestrian courses, thus bold on his horse 
 
 petivit turbata castra; nee exanimes magistri possunt 
 
 ought the troubled camps; neither the astonished masters arc able 
 
 retinere. Inquit, Quis iste novus furor? Heu! miseras 
 
 to restrain Aim. He says, What is this new madness? Alas! wretched 
 
 cives, quo -qud nunc tenditis? non uritis 
 
 tountry women, whether whither now do you direct your course? you do not burn 
 
 hostem, que inimica castra Argivum, vestras spes. 
 
 ihe enemy, and the hostile camps of the Greeks, but your own hopes. 
 
 En ego vester Ascanius. Projecit ante pedes inanem 
 
 Lo I am your Aecanius. He cast before their feet the empty 
 
 galeam, qua indutus ludo ciebat simulacra belli. Simul 
 
 helmet, in which being clad, in sport he excited images of war. At once 
 
 ./Eneas accelerat, simul agmina Teucrum. Ast illae 
 
 ./Eneas hastened, at once the troops of the Trojana. But they 
 
 metu diffugiunt passim per diversa litora; que furtim 
 
 through fear fly every where through the different shores; and by stealth 
 
 petunt sylvas, et sicubi concava saxa 
 
 they seek th>i woods, and wherever they can hide themselves in tho hollow rock?. 
 
 Piget incepti que lucis, que mutatce 
 
 They loathe their undertaking and the light, and changed, 
 
 agnoscunt suos; que Juno excussa est pectore. Sed 
 
 they know their friends; and Juno is shaken from their breast. But 
 
 flammae atque incendia idcirco non posuere indomitas 
 
 the flames and the fires therefore had not laid aside their unconqucred 
 
 vires; stuppa vivit sub udo robore, vomens tardum fumunv 
 
 trength; the tow lives under the moist wood, vomiting forth slow siuoke; 
 
 que lentus vapor est carinas, et pestis descendit 
 
 and a slow fire consumes the keels, and the contagion descends 
 
 toto corpore; nee vires heroiim, que flumina 
 
 through the whole body; nor do the strength of heroes, and streams
 
 147 684 
 
 infusa prosunt Turn pius JSneas abscindere vestem 
 
 poured on profit. Then pious ^Eneofl begins to tear his dress 
 
 humeris, que vocare Deos auxilio, et tendere 
 
 from his shoulders, and to call the Gods to bis aid, and to stretch forth 
 
 palmas: Omnipotens Jupiter, si nondum exosus Trojano? 
 
 Bis hands: O almighty Jupiter, if not yet hating the Trojans 
 
 id unum, si quid antiqua pietas respicit humanos labores; 
 
 o one man, if in any way thy ancient compassion regards human labours; 
 
 pater, da classi nunc evadere flammam, et letho eripe 
 
 O father, give to our fleet now to escape the flame, and from death snatch 
 
 tenues res Teucrum. Vel, si mereor, tu demitte 
 
 the reduced concerns of the Trojans. Qr, if I deserve it, do you eend uie 
 
 rnorti infesto fulmine; que obrue hie tu& 
 
 to death with your hostile thunderbolt; and overwhelm me here by your 
 
 dextra. Vix ediderat haec, cum atra tempestas 
 
 right hand. Scarcely had he uttered these words, when a black storm 
 
 furit sine more effusis imbribus, que 
 
 rages without measure from the outpouring storms, and 
 
 ardua terrarum, et campi tremiscunt tonitru; imber 
 
 the high places of the earth and the plains trembled with thunder; a shower 
 
 turbidus aqua que nigerimus densis Austris, ruit 
 
 black with water and most dark with thick rising south winds, rushes 
 
 toto sethere, que puppes super implentur; semusta 
 
 through the whole sky, and the ships from above are filled; the half-burnt 
 
 robora madescunt; donee omnis vapor restinctus, et 
 
 timbers are drenched; until all the smoke had become extinct, and 
 
 omnes carinse servatae a peste, quatuor amissis. At 
 
 all the ships were saved from destruction, four being lost. But 
 
 pater ^Eneas, concussus acerbo casu, mutabat ingentes 
 
 father tineas, struck by the cruel misfortune revolved great 
 
 curas pectore nunc hue, nunc illuc, versans ne 
 
 cares in bis breast now here, now there, reflecting whether 
 
 resideret Siculis arvis, oblitus fatorum; ne 
 
 be should settle in the Sicilian territories forgetful of the fates; or 
 
 capesserat Italas oras. Turn senior Nautes, quem 
 
 be should attempt the Italian coasts. When the elder Nautes, whom 
 
 unum Tritonia Pallas docuit, que reddidit insignem multS. 
 
 alone Tritonian Pallas had taught, and had rendered distinguished by much 
 
 arte, dabat hsec responsa, vel quae magna ira Defim 
 
 art, gave these replies, or what the great wrath of the Gods 
 
 portenderet, vel quae ordo 'fatorum posceret. Que is 
 
 foretold or what the order of the fates might demand. And he 
 
 solatus ^Enean infit his vocibus: Nate Dea sequamur 
 
 consoling ./Eneas begins with these words: Son of a Goddess we follow 
 
 quo fata trahunt que retrahunt; quicquid erit, omnis 
 
 where the fates lend us nn and lead us back; whatever shall be all 
 
 fortuna superanda est ferendo. Est tibi Dardanius Acestes 
 
 fortune is to be overcome by bearing it. There is to you Trojan Acestes
 
 143 711 
 
 divinae stirpis: cape hunc sociura conciliis el conjunge 
 
 of a divine clock: take him the companion in your councils and join /tint 
 
 volenlem. Trade huic qui superant, amissis 
 
 to you n willing friend. Deliver to him those who survive from the lost 
 
 navibus et delige quos pertaesum est magni incepti 
 
 hips and choose those who are weary of the great undertaking 
 
 que tuarum rerum, que longaevos senes, ac matres fessas 
 
 and of your affairs, and the aged old men, and mothers wearied 
 
 sequore, et quicquid est tecum invalidum, que metuens 
 
 with the sea, and whatever is with you powerless, and fearing 
 
 perfcli; et sine fessi habeant mcenia his terrio: 
 
 danger; and perini' that the weary shall inhabit towns in these kinds: 
 
 appellabunt urbem Acestam, nomine permisso. Turn verb 
 
 they shall call the city Acesta, a name permitted. Then indeed 
 
 incensus talibus dictis senioris amici, animum diducitur 
 
 inflamed by such words of his aged friend, in his mind he is divided 
 
 in omnes curas. Et atra nox subvecta bigis tenebat 
 
 among all cares. And black night borneon in her chariot held 
 
 polum; dehinc facies parentis Anchisae delapsa coelo 
 
 the sky; then the form of his father Anchises gliding from the sky 
 
 subitb visa effundere tales voces: Nate, quondam magis 
 
 suddenly seemed to pour forth such words: O sqn, formerly more 
 
 care mihi vitd dum vita manebat; nate, exercite Iliacis 
 
 dear to me than life while life remained; O son, exercised in Trojan 
 
 fatis, venio hue imperio Jovis, qui depulit ignem 
 
 fate*, Tcome here by command of Jove, who drove back the fire 
 
 classibus, et tandem miseratus est ab alto coelo. Pare 
 
 from the ships, and at length pitied thee from the lofty sky. Obey 
 
 consiliis, quae senior Nautes nunc dat pulcherrima; defer in 
 
 the counsels, which the aged Nautes now gives most excellent; bear to 
 
 Italiam lectos juvenes, fortissima corda. Gens dura, atque 
 
 Italy chosen youth, the stoutest hearts. A race hardy, and 
 
 aspera cultu, debellanda est tibi Latio. Ante, ta- 
 
 rude in cultivation, is about to contend with you in Latium. First, neverthe- 
 
 men, accede infernas domos Ditis; et nate, pete meos 
 
 less, approach the infernal domains of Pluto; and O son, seek my 
 
 congressus per alta Averna, namque impia Tartara que 
 
 conference through the deep Avernus, for cruel Tartarus and 
 
 tristes umbrae non habent me; sed colo amcena 
 
 the gloomy shades do not possess me; but I dwell among the pleasant 
 
 concilia piorum que Elysium. Casta Sibylla ducet te 
 
 councils of the pious and in Elysium. The chaste Sibyl shall lend thee 
 
 hue multo sanguine nigrantium pecudum. Turn 
 
 hither with much blood of black victims. Then 
 
 disces omne tuum genus, et mcenia quse dentur; que 
 
 you shall learn all your race, and the walls which shall be given; and
 
 149 738 
 
 jam vale humida nox torquet medios cursus, et saevus 
 
 now farewell moist night turns her middle course, and cruel 
 
 Oriens afflavit me anhelis equis. 
 
 Orion breathes on me with panting horses. 
 
 Dixerat; et fugit ceu fumus, in tenues auras. Deinde 
 
 lie sai I; and fled as smoke, into the light air. Then 
 
 /Eneas inquit: Quo ruis? quo proripis 
 
 Eueas said. "Whither do you rush? where do you bear yourself 
 
 quern fugis? aut quis arcet te nostns complexibus? 
 
 whom do you fly? or who drives you from our embrace? 
 
 memorans haec suscitat cinerem et sopitos ignes, 
 
 Uttering these words he awakens the ashes and sleepy fires, 
 
 que supplex veneratur pio farre et plena accerra 
 
 and humbly worships with a holy cake and full censer 
 
 Pergameum Larem et penetralia can<e Vestae. 
 
 the Trujnii household God, and the shrine of hqary Vesta;. 
 
 Extemplo accessit socios, que Acesten primum; et 
 
 Forthwith he calls his companions, and Acestes first; and 
 
 cdocet imperium Jovis, et praecepta cari parentis, et 
 
 teaches the command of Jove and the instructions ofhisdear parent, and 
 
 quae sententia nunc constet animo. Haud mora 
 
 what sentiment n<3w is settled in his mind. There is no delay 
 
 consiliis; nee Acestes recusat jussa. Transcribunt 
 
 in his councils; nor does Acestes refuse his commands. They mark out 
 
 matres urbi; que deponunt populum volentem, 
 
 the matrons for the city; and they establish the people willing 
 
 animos, nil egentes magnae laudis. Ipsi novant 
 
 in their minds, not desirous of great praise. They- renew 
 
 transtra que reponunt navigiis robora ambesa 
 
 their benches and replace in their ships the timbers corroded 
 
 flammis, que aptant remos que rudentes; exigui numero 
 
 by the flames, and they fit oars and cables; small in number, 
 
 sed virtus vivida bello. Interea ./Eneas designat 
 
 but their courage is active for war. In the mean time ^Eneas marksout 
 
 urbem aratro, que sortitur domos: jubet hoc 
 
 a city with a plough, and allots dwellings: he orders this tobe call'd 
 
 Ilium et haec loca esse Trojaa. Trojanus Acestes 
 
 Ilium and those places to be named frcnn those of Troy. Trojan Acestea 
 
 gaudet regno, que indicit forum, et dat jura, 
 
 rejoices in his kingdom and proclaims a court, and gives laws, 
 
 vocatis patribus. Turn sedes vicina astris fundatur 
 
 having convoked the fathers. Then a seat near to the stars is founded 
 
 Idaliae Veneri, in Erycino vertice que sacerdos et lucus 
 
 to Idalian Venus, on Eryx's height and a priest and a grove 
 
 late sacer additur Anchisaeo tumulo, que jam omnis 
 
 far around sacred is added to Anchises tomb, and now the who'e 
 
 gens epulata novem dies, et honos faclus ans; 
 
 nation havini; feasted nine days, und honour having been paid lotheaUars.
 
 150 7GJ 
 
 placiili venti straverunt acquora et Auster crebcr 
 
 peaceful winds hod sruootli'd the waters and the south wind frequently 
 
 aspirans rursus vocat in altum. Ingens fletus exoritur per 
 
 blowing again invites to the deep. A great mourning arises along 
 
 procurva litora complex! inter se morantur que 
 
 the crooked shores embracing among themselves they delay buth 
 
 noctem que diem. Jam ipsse matres, ipsi quibus 
 
 night and day. Now they the mothers, and those to wh..w 
 
 quondam facies maris visa aspera et numen 
 
 formerly the appearance or the sea seem'd rough and itsaiithonty 
 
 non tolerabile, volunt ire, que perferre omnem laborem 
 
 not to be endured, desire to go, and to endure ail the labour 
 
 fugse: quos bonus ^Eneas solatur amicis dictis, et 
 
 vf flight: whom good yEneas consoles with friendly words, and 
 
 lacrymans commendat consanguineo Acestae. Dcinde 
 
 weeping he recommends them to his relation Acesles. Then 
 
 jubet caedere tres vitulos Eryci et agnam 
 
 he commands them to slay three calves to Eryx and a lamb 
 
 tempestatibus, que funes solvi ex ordine. Ipse 
 
 to the tempests, and the ropes to be looscn'd from their place. lie 
 
 evinctus caput foliis tonsae ' olivae, stans procul in 
 
 binding his head with leaves of shorn olive, standing far off on 
 
 prora, tenet pateram, que porricit exta in salsos 
 
 the prow, holds a goblet, and casts the entrails upon the salt 
 
 fluctus, ac fundit liquentia vina. Ventus surgens a 
 
 waves, and pours out the liquid wine. The wind rising from 
 
 puppi prosequitur euntes; socii feriunt mare 
 
 the stern pursues them departing; his companions strike the sea 
 
 certatim, et verrunt aequora. At Venus interea 
 
 eagerly, and sweep the waters. But Venus in the meantime 
 
 exercita curis alloquitur Nephmum, que effundit tales 
 
 exercised with cares addresses Neptune, and utters these 
 
 questus pectore. Neptune, gravis ira et 
 
 complaints from her breast. O Neptune, the cruel anger and 
 
 inexsaturabile pectus Junonis cogunt me descendere in 
 
 'inforgiving heart of Juno , compel me to descend to 
 
 omnes preces, quam nee longa dies nee ulla 
 
 all entreaties, whom neither long continued time nor any 
 
 pietas mitigat nee quiescit infracta imperio Jovis 
 
 piety softens nor will she rest subdued by the command of Jove 
 
 ve fatis. Non est satis nefandis odiis exedisse 
 
 or by the fates. It is not enough by her cruel hatred to have destroy'^ 
 
 urbem de medii gente Phrygum, traxisse reliquias 
 
 the city from the midst of the nation of the Trojans, tohavedrawn its remains 
 
 per omnem prenam; insequitur cineres atque ossa 
 
 llironch every sufl'ering; she persecutes the ashes and bones 
 
 peremta? Trojse. Ilia sciat causas tanti furoris. Tu ipse 
 
 of iiiin'd Troy. She may know the causes of so great madness. Von yuur:<i If
 
 151 790 
 
 testis mihi quam molem subitb excierit nuper ic 
 
 re a witness tome what a tempest suddenly she excited lately in 
 
 Libycis undis. 
 
 the Lytuan waves. 
 
 Nequicquam freta iEolhs procellis, miscuit omnia 
 
 In vain trusting to the Eolian storms, she has mingled ah 
 
 maria ccelo; ausa hoc in tuis regnis. Proh scelus! ecce 
 
 seas with the sky; daring thus in your kingdoms Alas the crime! lo 
 
 ctiam fcede exussit puppes, Trojanis matribus 
 
 also shamefully she has burnt the ships, the Trojan matrons 
 
 actis et subegit socios linquere 
 
 Dring driven on and lias compelled their companions to leave them 
 
 ignotae terrae, classe amissa. Quod superest, oro 
 
 on an unknown shore, their fleet being lost. What remains, I pray 
 
 liceat tibi dare vela tuta per undas; liceat 
 
 it may be allowed to you to give to them sails safe through the waves: it may be 
 
 attingere Laurentem Tybrim, si peto concessa, si 
 
 allowed to reach the Laurentian Tyber, if I seek things allowed, if 
 
 parcas dant ea moenia. Turn Saturnius domitor alti 
 
 the destinies give those walls. Then theSaturnian ruler of the deep 
 
 maris edidit base: Cytherea, est fas te fidere 
 
 sea uttered these words: O Venus, it is lawful for you to trust 
 
 omne meis rcgut's, unde ducis genus: merui 
 
 everything to my kingdoms, whence you derive your race I have deserved it 
 
 quoque, saepe compressi furores, et tantam rabiem que 
 
 also, often I have restrained the rage, and great madness both 
 
 coeli que maris. Nee minor cura mihi tui ./Eneae 
 
 of the heaven and the sea. Nor less care to me of your Eneas was rAere 
 
 in terris, testor Xanthum queSimoenta. Cum Achilles 
 
 in the land. I call to witness Xantbus and Simois. When Achilles 
 
 sequens Troi'a agmina exanimata impingeret muns 
 
 pursuing the Trojan bands terriPed drove them against the walls 
 
 daret multa millia letho, que amnes repleti gemerent, nee 
 
 and gave many thousand to death, and the rivers being filled groaned, nor 
 
 possit Xanthus reperire viam atque evolvere se in mare; 
 
 could Xanthus find out a way and roll itself into the sea; 
 
 tune ego eripui cava nube ^Enean congressum forti 
 
 then 1 snatched in a hollow cloud Eneas engaged with the brave 
 
 Pelidae; nee aequis Dfs ncc viribus; cum cuperem ab 
 
 Achilles; nor were there equal Gods nor strength; whfii I had desired from 
 
 imo vertere maenia perjure TPOJ-TB structa meis 
 
 the foundation to overturn the walls of perjured Troy built by my 
 
 manibus. Nunc quoque eadem mens per?tat mihi; pelle 
 
 hands Now also the same mind remains with me, banish 
 
 timorem; tutus accedet portus Averni quos optas. 
 
 fear; safely he shall approach the harbours of Avernus which you desire. 
 
 Tantum erit unus quern quaeret arnissum gurgite, 
 
 Only thi-rc shall be one whom he shall seek lo.- 1 in the sea.
 
 152 815 
 
 unum caput dabitur pro multis. Ubi genitor 
 
 one Mo shall be given fur many. When the fat bur qf the sea 
 
 pcrmulsit lacta pectora Deae his dictis, jungit 
 
 bad soothed the joyful breast of the Goddess with these words, lie join* 
 
 equos auro, que addit spumantia frsena 
 
 lit* horses to Aw chariot of gold, and puts the foaming bits 
 
 feris, que eflundit omnes habenas manibus. Volat 
 
 in their fierce moulht, and lets loose all the reins from hi* hands, lie flies 
 
 levis in caeruleo curru per summa aequora, undie subsidunt, 
 
 light in his azure car over the surface of the sea, the waves subside, 
 
 que tumidum aequor sternitur aquis sub tonante axe, 
 
 and the swelling sea is smoothed by the waters under the thundering axle, 
 
 nimbi fugiunt vasto aethere. Turn variae facies 
 
 the clouds fly through the vast sky. Then appear the various forms 
 
 comitum immania cete, et senior chorus Glauci, que Inous 
 
 of liU companions huge whales, and the elder band ofGlaucus, and Inous 
 
 Palasmonque citi Trilones, que omnes exercitus Phorci. Thetis 
 
 Palemon and the swift Tiitous, and all the army of I'horcu*. Thetis 
 
 et Melite tenent laeva, que virgo Panopea. Nesaee, que Spio 
 
 and Melite hold the left places, and the maid Panopea. Ncsze. and tipio 
 
 que Thalia, que Cymodoce. Hlc blanda gaudia vicissim 
 
 and Thalia, and Cymodoce. Here pleasant joys in turn 
 
 pertentant suspensam mentem patris yneae. Ocyus jubet 
 
 thrill the doubting mind of father Eneas. Quick he orders 
 
 omnes malos attolli, brachia intendi velis. Omnes 
 
 all the masts to be raised, the yards to be stretched to the sails. All 
 
 fecere pedem una, que paiiter solvere sinistros nunc 
 
 work tin: halser together, and together they loosen the left now 
 
 dextros sinus; una torquenl que detorquent ardua 
 
 the ri'.-lit sails; together they move forward and turn buck the lofty 
 
 cornua: sua fiamina ferunt classem. Palinurus princeps 
 
 sail yards: favourable gales move the fleet. Palinurus chief 
 
 ante omnes agebat densum agmen: alii jussi contendere 
 
 before all led the close squadron- the others commanded to direct 
 
 cursum ad hunc, que jam humida nox contigerat fere 
 
 their course to him, and now the moist night had reached almost 
 
 rr.ediam metam coeli; nautae fusi per dura sedilia sub 
 
 the middle boundary of heaven; the sailors stretched along the hard benches under 
 
 remis laxdrant membra placidi quiete; cum Somnus 
 
 the oars relaxed their limbs with peaceful rest; when Sleep 
 
 levis delapsus ab aetheriis astris dimovit tenebrosum ffira, 
 
 gently gliding from the tetherial stars removed the darkened air 
 
 et dispulit umbras; petens te, Palinure, portans tristia 
 
 and scattered the shadows; seeking time, O Palinurus, bearing sad 
 
 somnia tibi insonti; que Deus consedit in alta pupp 
 
 (tn.ims to ihce innocent; and the God sat upon the hifih stern, 
 
 simifis Pliorbanti, que fudit has loquelas ore: Palinure 
 
 tike to Phurbas, and uttered these words fiomjns mouth. O Pahnurun
 
 153 843 
 
 lasicle, ipsa aequora ferunt classem; aura? spirant zequatze 
 
 'on of lasus, the waters bear the fleet: the gales breathe equally 
 
 hora datur quieti, pone caput, que furare fessos 
 
 the hour is devoted to rest, lay down your head, and steal your wearied 
 
 oculos labori. 
 
 eyes from labour. 
 
 Ego ipse paulisper inibo tua munera pro te. 
 
 I myself for a little while wi" undertake your duties for you. 
 
 Cui Palinurus vix attollens lurnina fatur; jubesne 
 
 To whom Falinurua scarcely raising his eyes speaks; will you order 
 
 me ignorare vultum placidi salis que quietos 
 
 me to be ignorant of the face of the peaceful sea and the quiet 
 
 fluctus? me confidere huic monstro? Quid enim credam 
 
 waves? shall I trust to this prodigy? Why even shall I trust 
 
 JEnean fallacibus Austris, et toties deceptus fraude 
 
 ./Enean to the deceitful south winds, and so often deceived by the fraud 
 
 sereni coali? Dabat talia dicta; que affixus et haerens 
 
 of the'serene sky? He uttered these words; and fastened and cleaving 
 
 nusquam amittebat clavum, que tenebat oculos sub astra. 
 
 never did he let go the helm, and he directed his eyes to the stars. 
 
 Ecce! Deus quassat ramum madentem Lethaeo rore, que 
 
 Lo! . the God shakes a branch dripping with the Lethean dew, and 
 
 s&poratum Stygid vi, super utraque tempora que solvit 
 
 rendered sleepy by Stygian power, over both temples and relaxes 
 
 natantia lumina cunctanti. Inopina quies vix laxaverat 
 
 iiis swimming eyes to him delaying. Unwished-for sleep scarcely had relaxed 
 
 primos artus, et super incumbens projecit in liquidas undas, 
 
 his first limbs, and over him leaning hurled him into the clear waters, 
 
 cum parte puppis revulsa", que cum gubernaculo, 
 
 with a part of the ship torn off, and with the helm 
 
 praecipitem, ac saepe vocantem socios nequicquam: ipse 
 
 headlong, and after calling on his companions _ in vain: lie 
 
 volans ales sustulit se in tenues auras. Classis curnt 
 
 flying as a bird raised himself to the light air. The fleet ran 
 
 iter aequore non secius tutum que fertur interrita 
 
 its way on the sea not less safe and is borne on fearless 
 
 promissis patris Neptuni, que jam adeo advecta subibat 
 
 by the promises of father Neptune, and now thus advancing it entered 
 
 scopulos Sirenum, quondam difficiles, que albos 
 
 among the rocks of the Sirens, formerly difficult, and white 
 
 ossibus multorum (turn rauca saxa longe sonabant 
 
 with the bones of many (then the hoarse rocks far off resound 
 
 assiduo sale;) cum pater sensit ratem errare 
 
 with the continual sea;) when father JEneas perceived the ship to wander 
 
 fluitantem, magistro amisso, et ipse rexit in nocturnis 
 
 floating about, its master being lost, and he guides it in the nightly 
 
 undis, gemens multa, que concussus animum casu 
 
 waves. groaning much, and shaken in his mind by tbe loss
 
 154 870 
 
 amici: Pjlln ire, nimium confise sereno ccelo et pelago, 
 
 of hi.ifn"n<l: Ofalinurus, too much confiding in the clear sky and the sea, 
 
 D'idus jpc^bis in ignota aren! 
 
 bvked you shall lie on t'lc unknown sand! 
 
 .ENEID. 
 BOOK SIXTH. 
 
 Sic fatur lacrymans, qve immittit habenas classi; et 
 
 Tuns bespeaks weeping, and loosens the sails to the fle"et; and 
 
 tandem allabitur Euboicis oris Cumarum. Obvertunt 
 
 at length glides along the Eubean coasts ofCumx. They turn 
 
 proras pelago; tumanchorafundabat naves tenaci dente, 
 
 the prows to the sea; then the anchor moored the ships with its grasping flook 
 
 et curvae puppes praetexunt litora. Ardens manus 
 
 and the bending sterns line the shores. A zealous band 
 
 juvenum emicat in Hesperium litus; pats quseret semina 
 
 of young men leap upon the Italian shore; a part seek the elements 
 
 flarnmae abstrusa in venis silicis; pars rapit sylvas, densa 
 
 of flame concealed in the veins of flint; a part ravage the woods, the thick 
 
 tecta ferarum, que monstrat flurnina inventa. At pius 
 
 coverts of wild beasts; and point out streams discovered. But pious 
 
 ^Eneas petit arces quibus altus Apollo prsesidet, que 
 
 ./Eneas seeks the towers over which high Apollo rules, and 
 
 immane antrum, secreta Sibyllae horrendae procul; 
 
 the dreadful cave, the retreat of the Sibyl awful at a distance; 
 
 cui Delius vates inspirat magnam mefitem que 
 
 to whom the Delian prophet Apollo inspires a great mind and 
 
 animum, que aperit futura; jam subeunt lucos, 
 
 soul, 'and opens to her future things; now they enter the groves, 
 
 atque aurea tecta Triviae. Daedalus, ut est fama, fugiens 
 
 and golden roofs of Diana. Dxdalus, as is the report, flying 
 
 Minoia regna, ausus credere se coelo prapetibus 
 
 Mino's kingdoms, dared to trust himself to the sky on swift 
 
 pennis, enavit ad gel'das Arctos per insuetum Her, que 
 
 wings, swam to the cold North through an unused way, and 
 
 tandem levis adstitit super Chalcidicd arce. Reddilus 
 
 t length light stood upon theChalcidian tower. Returned 
 
 his terris primurn, sacravit tibi, Phoebe, remigium 
 
 tn these lands first, he consecrated to you, O Apollo, the steerage 
 
 alarum, que posuit tibi immania templa. In foribua 
 
 of hie wingg. and placed to you an immense temple. On the door*
 
 155 20 
 
 lethum Androgeo; turn Cecropidas jussi quotannis 
 
 was displayed the death of Androgeos; then the Athenians commanded yearly 
 
 pcndere poenas fmiserum!) septena corpora natorum; 
 
 lo pay penalties (O wretched!) seven bodies of their children; 
 
 urna stat ductis sortibus. Gnossia tellus elata mari 
 
 the urn etands with drawn lots. The Gnossian land raised high in the sea 
 
 respondit contra. Hie crudelis amor tauri, que 
 
 corresponds on the other side. Here the cruel love of the bull, and 
 
 Pasiphae supposta furto, que Minotaurus inest mistum 
 
 Pasiphae substituted by stealth, and the Minotaur is present a mingled 
 
 genus que biformis proles, monumenla nefandse Veneris. 
 
 race and two-formed offspring, monuments of impious love. 
 
 Hie ille labor doraus, et inextricabilis error: sed enim 
 
 Here are that labour of the house, and inextricable maze: but even 
 
 Daedalus miseratus magnum amorem reginas, ipse 
 
 Dedalus compassionating the great love of the queen, himself 
 
 resolvit dolos que ambages tecti, filo regens cseca 
 
 unravels the mazes and windings of the palace, by a thread guiding his blind 
 
 vestigia: Icare, tu quoque haberes magnam partem in 
 
 footsteps: O Icarus, you also should have had a distinguished part in 
 
 tanto opere, dolor sineret. Bis conatus erat effingere 
 
 this great work, had grief allowed. Twice had he attempted to represent 
 
 casus in auro; patriae manus bis cecidere. Quin 
 
 his misfortunes in gold; his paternal hands twice failed him. But 
 
 protinus perlegerent omnia oculis, ni Achates 
 
 from afar the Trojans would observe all things with their eyes, unless Achates 
 
 praemissus jam afforet, atque una sacerdos 
 
 sent before now had been present, and together iciih him the Priestess 
 
 Phoebi que Triviae, Deiphobe Glauci, qua? fatur 
 
 of Apollo and Diana, Deiphobe the daughter of Glaucus, who addresses 
 
 regi talia: Hoc tempus non poscit sibi ista 
 
 the king in these words: This time does not demand to itself these 
 
 spectacula. Nunc praestiterit mactare septem juvencos 
 
 shows. Now it would be better to sacrifice seven bullocks 
 
 de intacto grege, totidem lectas bidentes de more. 
 
 from the untouched herd, as many chosen ewes according to the custom. 
 
 Sacerdos affata ^Enean talibus: (nee viri morantur 
 
 The priestess addressed ^Eneas in these words: (nor do the men delay 
 
 sacra jussa) yocat Teucros in alta templa. Ingens 
 
 the sacred commands) she calls the Trojans into the lofty temple. The great 
 
 latus Euboicse rupis excisum in antrum; .quo centum lati 
 
 side of a Eubaean rock iscut in the cave; where an hundred broad 
 
 aditus ducunt, centum ostia, unde totidem voces ruunt, 
 
 entrances lead, an hundred doors, whence as many voices rush, 
 
 responsa Sibyllae. Ventum erat ad limcn, cum 
 
 the responses of the Sibyl. They had arrived at the entrance, when 
 
 virgo ait: Tempus poscere fata; Deus, ecce, Deus! 
 
 hemaideaid: It is time to inquire your fate; a God, behold a God
 
 156 46 
 
 Cui fanti talia ante fores, subito non vultu? 
 
 To whom speaking these leords before the doors, suddenly neither was bcr eoun- 
 
 non color unus, comae non mansere comtae; sed 
 
 tenanco nor her colour the same, her hair did not remain smoothed; but 
 
 pectus anhelum, et*~ fera corda tument rabie: videri 
 
 lier breast teas punting, and her savage heart swells with rage: she appears 
 
 major, nee sonans mortale, quando jam afflata est 
 
 larger, nor uttering mortal sound, since now she is inspired 
 
 propnore numine Dei. Tros ./Enea, ait, cessas in 
 
 by the nearer influence of the God. O Trojan Eneas, said she, do you hesitate in 
 
 vota que preces? cessas? enim neque magna ora 
 
 your vows and prayers? do you hesitate? for neither shall the great gate 
 
 attonita domus dehiscent ante. 
 
 of the astonished mansion open before you offer them. 
 
 >Et fata talia conticuit. Gelidus tremor cucurrit 
 
 And having said these words she was still. A cold trembling ran 
 
 per dura ossa Teucris; que rex fudit preces ab 
 
 through the hard bones of the Trojans; and the king utter'd prayers from 
 
 imo pectore: Phoebe, semper miserate graves 
 
 his inmost breast: O Apollo, ever pitying the mournful 
 
 labores Trojre, qui dirxti Dardana tela que manus 
 
 labours of Troy, who hast directed Trojan darts and the hands 
 
 Paridis in corpus ^Eacidae, te duce 
 
 of Paris against the body of Achilles, you being my guide 
 
 intravi tot maria obeuntia magnas terras; que 
 
 I have enter'd so many seas flowing around extensive lands; and 
 
 gentes Maassylflm penitus repostas, que arva praetenta 
 
 the nations of the Massylians afar off removed, and the regions set around 
 
 Syrtibus. Jam tandem prendimus oras Italiae fugientis. 
 
 by quicksands. Now at last we grasp the coasts of Italy retreating. 
 
 Hactenus Trojana fortuna secuta fuerit que omnes 
 
 Thus far Trojan fortune has followed us and all 
 
 Di que' Deae quibus Ilium obstitit, et ingens gloria 
 
 the Gods and Goddesses by whom Ilium has stood, and the great glory 
 
 Dardanise; jam est fas vos quoque parcere Pergameae genti: 
 
 of Troy; now it is right for us likewise to spare the Trojan nation: 
 
 que tu 6 sanctissima vates praescia venturi, da 
 
 and you O most holy prophetess foreknowing what is to come, grant 
 
 Teucros que errantes Deos que agitata numina 
 
 to the Trojans and the wandering Gods and persecuted Deities 
 
 Trojae considere Latio (non posco regna indebita 
 
 of Troy to settle in Latium (I do not ask kingdoms not destined 
 
 meis fatis.) Turn instituam Phoebo et Triviae templa de 
 
 by my fates.) Then I will place to Apollo and Diana temples of 
 
 solido marmore, que festos dies de nomine Phcebi. Magna 
 
 solid marble, and feast days from the name of Apollo. Great 
 
 penetralia manent te quoque nostris regnis nam 
 
 shrines await thee likewise in our kingdoms for
 
 157 72 
 
 ego ponam hie tuas sortes, que arcana fata dicta mete 
 
 f will place here your lots, and the secret fates declared to my 
 
 genti; que sacrabo lectos viros alma tantum 
 
 nation: and I will consecrate chosen men O kind Goddess only 
 
 ne manda tua carmina foliis ne turbata volent 
 
 do not commit your verses to leaves lest disturbed they should fly 
 
 ludibria rapidis ventis: oro ipsa canas. 
 
 the sport of the swift winds: I pray you yourself will utter Mem. 
 
 Dedil finem loquendi ore. At vates nondum 
 
 He made an end of speaking with bis mouth. But the Prophetess not yet 
 
 patiens Phoebi, immanis bacchatur in antro si 
 
 enduring the power of Apollo, outrageous raves in the cave striving if 
 
 possit pectore excussisse magnum Deum: tanto 
 
 she can tfius from her heart shake off the powerful God: so much 
 
 magis ille fatigat rabidum os domans fera corda 
 
 the more be wearies her mad countenance subduing her savage heart 
 
 que fingit premendo. Que jam centum 
 
 and moulds her to his will by restraining her. And now an hundred 
 
 ingentia ostia domus patuere su& sponte; que 
 
 great doors of the house fly open of their own accord; and 
 
 ierunt responsa vatis per auras; O tandem 
 
 bear the responses of the prophetess through the air; O at last 
 
 defuncte magnis periclis pelagi! sed graviora terrd 
 
 having endured the great perils of the sea! but more severe on land 
 
 manent. Dardanidae venient in regna Lavint (mitte 
 
 remain. The Trojans shall come to the kingdom of Lavinium (dismiss 
 
 hanc curam de pectore) sed et volent non 
 
 this care from your breast) but also they shall wish that they had not 
 
 venisse. Cerno bella horrida bella, et Tybrim 
 
 come. I behold wars horrid wars, and the Tj bur 
 
 spumantem multo sanguine. Non Simois nee Xanthus, 
 
 foaming with much blood. Neither Simois nor Xanthus. 
 
 nee Dorica castra defuerint tibi; alius Achilles jam 
 
 nor the Doric camps shall be wanting to you; another Achilles even now 
 
 partus in Latio, et ipse natus Dea: nee Juno 
 
 is born in Lutium, and he born of a Goddess: nor Juno 
 
 addita Teucris usquam aberit: cum in egenis 
 
 addftl to the Trojans ever shall be from them: when in despera;a 
 
 rebus quas gentes Italum, aut quas urbes non tm 
 
 circumstances what nations of the Italians, or what cities will not you 
 
 siipplex oraveris? Conjux hospita iterum erit causa 
 
 humbly supplicate? A wife a hostess again shall be a cause 
 
 Teucris tanti mali; que extern! thalami iterum 
 
 to the Trojans of a great misfortune; and a foreign marriage again 
 
 Ne tu cede mails sed contra 
 
 produce great woe. Do not yourself yield to your misfortunes but rather 
 
 ito audentior quiun tua fortuna sinet. 
 
 Advance more bokUy as your fortune shall permit you.
 
 J58 96 
 
 Prima via salutis pandetur ab Graid urbe, quod 
 
 The first way of safety shall be opened from a Grecian city, which 
 
 minimi reris. Cumaca Sibylla canit horrendas ambages 
 
 vrry little you suppose. The Cumxan Sibyl uttered her dreauful ambiguities 
 
 ex adyto talibus dictis, que remugit antro involvens 
 
 from her shrine with these words, and rebellows in her cave involving 
 
 vera obscuris: Apollo concutit ea fraena furenti, ct 
 
 truth \\ithdarkncss: Apollo shakes the reins over her raging, and 
 
 vertit stimulos sub pectore: Ut primilm furor cessit, et 
 
 turns the goads beneath her breast: As first her rage ceased, and 
 
 rabida ora quierunt, heros ./Eneas incipit. virgo, 
 
 her maddening mouth was at rest, the hero Eneas begins. O maid, 
 
 non ulla facies laborum surgit mihi nova ve inopina: 
 
 not any appearance of labours arises tome new or unexpected: 
 
 praecepi atque anteperegi omnia mecum animo. 
 
 I have anticipated and first acted over all things by myself inuiymind. 
 
 Oro unum, quando janua inferni regis dicitur hie, 
 
 I pray one thing since the gate of the infernal king is said to be here. 
 
 et tencbrosa palus Acheronte refuso, contingat ire 
 
 and the dark marsh from Acheron overflowing, that it may happen tome to go 
 
 ad conspectum et ora can genitoris; doceas 
 
 to the sight and countenance of my dear father; do you teach 
 
 iter, et pandas sacra ostia. Ego eripui ilium his 
 
 the way, and open the sacred doors. I snatched him on these 
 
 humeris per flammas et mille tela sequentia, que recepi 
 
 shoulders through flames and a thousand darts pursuing, and I rescued 
 
 ex medio hoste: ille comitatus meum iter, 
 
 Aim from the midst of the foe: ho accompanying my journey, 
 
 invalidus ferebat omnia maria mecum, atque omnes minas 
 
 helpless endured all seas with me, and all the threats 
 
 que pelagi que coeli, ultra vires que sortem senecta?. 
 
 both of the sea and the sky, beyond the strength and lot of old age. 
 
 Quin, idem orans, dabat mandata ut supplex peterem 
 
 But, the same entreating, gave orders that humbly I should seek 
 
 te, et adirem tua limina. Alma precor miserere 
 
 thee. and that I should go to your temple. O kind maid I pray you pity 
 
 que nati que patris: namque potes omnia; nee Hecate 
 
 both a son and father: for you can do all things; nor did Hecate 
 
 nequicquam prsefecit te Avernis lucis. Si Orpheus potuit 
 
 in vain place you over the Avernian groves. If Orpheus could 
 
 arcessere manes conjugis, fretus Threicid cithard que 
 
 callback the shade of his wife, trusting to his Thracian harp and 
 
 canoris fidibus, si Pollux redemit fratrem alternd morte, que 
 
 tuneful strings, if Pollux redeemed his brother from eternal death, and 
 
 it que redit viam toties; quid memorem Thesea; quid magnum 
 
 goes and returns the way so often; why shall I mention Theseus; why great 
 
 Alciden? et mi genus ab Jove summo. Orabat talibus 
 
 Hercules? and my race is from Jove supreme. He prayed in these
 
 159 121 
 
 dictls, quc tenebat aras. Turn vates orsa sic loqui: 
 
 words, and held the altars. Then the prophetess began thus to spuuk. 
 
 Tros Anchisiade, sate sanguine Divum, descensus 
 
 O Trojan son of Anchises, descended from the blood of the Gods, the descent 
 
 Averni facilis, janua atri Ditis patet noctes atque dies; sed 
 
 of Avernus is easy, the gate of gloomy Pluto lies open night and day;, but 
 
 revocare gradum, que evadere ad superas auras, hoc opus, 
 
 to recall our step, and to escape to the lofty air, this is a work, 
 
 hie est labor. Pauci quos aequus Jupiter amavit, aut ardens 
 
 this is a labour. A few whom friendly Jupiter has loved, or glowing 
 
 virtus evexit ad aethera, geniti Dis potuere. 
 
 courage has raised to the skies, descended from Gods could do it. 
 
 Sylvae tenent omnia media, que Cocytus labens 
 
 The woods hold all the intermediate ways, and Cocytus gliding 
 
 circumfluit atro sinu. Quod si tantus amor, si 
 
 flows around with its black stream. But- if there is so great love, if 
 
 tanta cupido est menti, bis innare Stygios lacus, bis 
 
 so great a desire is in your mind, twice to swim over the Stygian lakes, twice 
 
 videre nigra Tartara, et juvat indulgere insano labori, 
 
 to behold black Tartarus, and it delights you to indulge the mad labour, 
 
 accipe quae prius peragenda. 
 
 receive what first must be done. 
 
 Ramus aureus et foliis et lento vimine latet opaca 
 
 A branch golden both in its leaves and slender twig lies hid in the dark 
 
 arbore, dictus sacer intern re Junoni: omnis lucus tegit 
 
 tree, declared sacred to infernal Juno: all the grove covers 
 
 hunc, et umbrae claudunt obscuris convallibus. Sed non 
 
 this, and shades inclose it with dark vales. But it is not 
 
 datur subire operta telluris ante quam quis decerpserit 
 
 given to enter the dark places of the earth before that anyone shall pluck 
 
 auricomos fetus arbore. Pulchra Proserpina instituit hoc 
 
 the golden frui*. from the tree. Beautiful Proserpine has ordained this 
 
 suum. munus ferri sibi. Primo avulso, alter aureus 
 
 her own present to be borne to herself. The first being torn up, another of gold 
 
 non deficit, et virga frondescit simili metallo- Ergo 
 
 does not fail, and a twig puts forth leaves ofliko metal. Therefore 
 
 vestiga ocutis alte, et manu rite carpe, 
 
 .search with your eyes high raised, and with your hand in order pluck it, 
 
 repertum; namque ipse volens que facilis sequetur, si fata 
 
 token found; for willingly and easily will follow, if the fates 
 
 vocant te; aliter non poteris vincere ullis viribus, nee 
 
 call tliee; otherwise you cuuld not overcome it with any strength, noi 
 
 convellere duro ferro. 
 
 tear it with hard iron. 
 
 Prceterea corpus amici exanimum jacet tibi, (heu. 
 
 Besides the body of your friend lifeless lies by you, (alai 
 
 nescis) que incestat totam classem funere, dum petis 
 
 >ou know not) and pollutes all the fleet with his corse, while ^ou seek
 
 1GO 151 
 
 conRulta, quc pcndes in nostro limine. Ant& rcfci 
 
 the decrees of Ifearen, and loiter at my gate. First beai 
 
 hunc suis sedibus, et conde sepulcro. Diic nigras 
 
 linn to liia scats, . and bury Aim in the tomb. Lead out the black 
 
 oecudes: ea sunto prima piacula. Sic dcmum aspicies 
 
 llocks: lot these be the first offerings. Thus at length you shall behold 
 
 Stygios lucos, regna invia vivis. Dixit, que 
 
 t lie Stygian groves, realms impassable to the living. She said, and 
 
 pbmutuit, ore presso. ./Eneas, Jinquens antrum, 
 
 was dumb, her mouth being closed. JEiieat, leaving the cave. 
 
 ingreditur mocsto vultu defixus lumina, que volutat 
 
 walks on with sad countenance casting down his eyes, and revolves 
 
 caecos eventus secum animo; cui fidus Achates it 
 
 the dark events with himself in bis mind; to whom the faithful Achates goes 
 
 comes, et paribus curis figit vestigia. Serebant 
 
 as a companion, and with equal cares places his footsteps. They treat of 
 
 multa inter sese vario sermone; quem exanimum 
 
 many things among themselves in varied discourse; what lifeless 
 
 cocium vates diceret, quod corpus humandum. 
 
 companion the prophetess had spoken of, what body was to be buried. 
 
 Atque ut illi venere, vident Misenum in sicco litore perem- 
 
 And as they came, they see Misenus on the dry shore destroy- 
 
 turn indigna morte; Misenum ^loliden, quo non 
 
 cd by aii unworthy death; Misenus the son of jEclus, than whom not 
 
 alter praestantior ciere viros sere que accendere 
 
 another was more skilled to arouse men by the trumpet and to enkindle 
 
 Martem cantu. Hie fuerat comes magni Hectons, et 
 
 war by its sound. He had been a companion of great Hector, aiiC 
 
 obibat pugnas circum Hectora, insignis et lituo 
 
 he resorted to the battle around Hector, distinguished both by the trumpet 
 
 et hasta. Postquarn victor Achilles spoliavit iilum vita 
 
 and spear. After the conqueror Achilles had deprived him of life. 
 
 fortissimus heros addiderat sese socium Dardanic 
 
 this very brave hero had added himself a companion to Trojai 
 
 ^Eneae, secutus non inferiora. Sed turn forte dum 
 
 >Eneas, following not inferior arms. But then by chance whil* 
 
 demens personat zequora cavS. conchd, et cantu 
 
 mad he sounded over the waters with his hollow trumpet, and by his pong 
 
 vocat Divos in certamina, asmulus Triton, si est dignum 
 
 he calls the Gods to contest. the jealous Triton, if it is worthy 
 
 credere, spumosd umla immerserat virum exceptum 
 
 to believe, on the foaming wave had plunged the man caught 
 
 inter saxa. Ergo omnes fremebant circum magno 
 
 niong the rocks. Therefore all murmured around him with gre: I 
 
 clamore, prascipue pius ./Eneas: turn flentes festinant 
 
 noise. es|iecially pious /Eneas: then weeping they hasten to cie 
 
 jussa Sibyllse, haud mora, que certai: 
 
 oil* the commands of Hie Sibyl, there is no delay. and theycontcp
 
 161 178 
 
 congerere que educere coeio aram sepulcri arboribus. 
 
 tohcapup and to raise to heaven the altar of the tomb with trees. 
 
 Itur in antiquam sylvam, alta stabula ferarum: picea 
 
 They go into an ancient wood, the deep retreats of wild beasts; the pitch treei 
 
 procumbunt: ilex icta securibus sonat; que fraxinea* 
 
 full: the holm struck with axes resounds; and ashen 
 
 trabes, et fissile robur scinditur cuneis: advolvunt ingentes 
 
 timbers, and the yielding oak isdivided by wedges: they roll great 
 
 ornos montibus. Nee non uEneas primus hortatur 
 
 wild ashes from the mountains. . Also Eneas first o.vhoru 
 
 socios inter talia opera, que accingitur paribus armis. 
 
 hi? companions amidst these labours, and is girt with equal arms. 
 
 Atque ipse volutat hzec cum suo tristi corde, aspectaru 
 
 And he revolves these things with bis sad heart, beholding 
 
 immensam sylvam, et sic precatur ore: Si ille aureus- 
 
 the immense wood, and thus he prays with his mouth: If that golden 
 
 ramus arbore nunc ostendat se nobis in tanto nemoref 
 
 branch from the tree now shews itself to us in this great grove! 
 
 quando vates locuta est omnia vere, heu! nimium 
 
 since the prophetess has spoken all things truly, alas! too much so 
 
 de te, Misene! Vix fatus erat ea, cum 
 
 concerning thee, O Misenus! Scarcely had he spoken these things, wbea 
 
 geminse columbae forte venire volantes coelo sub ipsa 
 
 two .doves by chance came flying in the sky under the 
 
 ora viri, et sedere viridi solo. Turn maximus heros 
 
 face of 'the hero, and sat on the green soil. Then the great hero 
 
 agnoscit maternas aves, que laBtus precatur: O este duces, 
 
 knew his morher's birds, and joyful prays: O be ye guides, 
 
 si est qua via que per auras dirigite cursum in lucos, 
 
 if there is any way and along the sky direct your course to the groves 
 
 ubi dives ramus opacat pinguem humum, que tu, 
 
 where the rich branch overshades the fertile ground, and thou. 
 
 6 diva parens, ne defice dubiis rebus! Effatus 
 
 O divine parent, do not fail me in my doubtful concerns! Having spoken 
 
 gic, pressit vestigia, observans quse signa ferant, quo 
 
 thus, he restrains his footsteps, watching what signs they offer, whithei 
 
 pergant tendere. Illae pascentes prodire tantum 
 
 they attempt to direct their course. They feeding proceed as much 
 
 volando, quantum oculi sequentum posse nt servare 
 
 by flying, as the eyes of those pursuing can keep them 
 
 acie. Inde ubi venire ad fauces grave olentis 
 
 in their sight Then when they had come to the mouth of noisome 
 
 ,A.verni, tollunt se celeres, que lapsae per liquidum 
 
 Avernus, they raise themselves swift, and gliding through the liquid 
 
 ae'ra, sidunt geminae super arbore optatis sedibus, unde 
 
 eir, they sit down both upon the tree in their desired seats, whence 
 
 discolor aura auri refulsit per ramos. Quale viscum, 
 
 the variegated gleam of gold shone through the branches. As the misletoe
 
 10* 200 
 
 quod sua arbos non seminat, solet sylvis, virere novS. 
 
 which its own tree doe* not germinate, used in the woods to flourish with new 
 
 fronde brumali frigore, et circumdare teretes truncos 
 
 leave* in the wintry cold, and to surround the tapering trunks 
 
 croceo fetu; talis erat species auri fondentis 
 
 with yellow fruit; such wa* the appearance of the gold putting forth leave* 
 
 opac ilice; bractea sic crepitabat leni vento. Ex- 
 
 on the shady holm; the tinsel thus rattled with the light wind. Forth- 
 
 templo ./Eneas conipit. que avidus refringit cunctantem, et 
 
 with Eneas seized, and greedily breaks it lingering, and 
 
 portat sub tecta vatis Sibyllae. Nee minus Trojani 
 
 boars it to the dwelling of the prophetess the Sibyl. Nevertheless the Trojans 
 
 interea flebant Misenum in litore, et ferebant suprema 
 
 in the interim mourned Miscnus on the* shore, and paid their last ojjicet 
 
 ingrato cineri. Principio struxere ingentem pyrarn 
 
 to his mournful ashes. In the first place they built a great funeral pile 
 
 pinguem taedis et secto robore, cui latera intexunt 
 
 rich with torches and cut oak, whose rides they interweave 
 
 atris frondibus, et ante constituunt ferales cypresses, 
 
 with mournful branches, and first they placed funeral cj presses, 
 
 que super decorant fulgentibus armis. Pars expediunt 
 
 and above they adorn it with shining arms. Apart prepare 
 
 caliclos latices, et ahena undantia flammis; que lavant 
 
 w.irm water, and brazen vessels bubbling from the flames; and they wash 
 
 et ungunt corpus frigentis. Gemitus fit: turn reponunt 
 
 and anoint the body of him cold. Lamentation is made: then they place 
 
 toro membra, defleta; que super conjiciunt purpureas 
 
 on a couch his limbs, bewailed; and upon it they cast purple 
 
 vestes, nota velamiua. Pars subiere ingenti pheretro, 
 
 dresses, his known clothing. A part support his great bier, 
 
 triste ministerium; et aversi tenuere facem subjectam 
 
 a sad office; and turning away they held a torch put under 
 
 more parentum. Thurea dona congesta 
 
 after the manner of their parents. Frankincense gifts collected 
 
 cremantur, dapes, crateres fuso olivo. Postquam cineres 
 
 are burnt, banquets, goblets of out-poured olive oil. After the ashes 
 
 collapsi, et flamma quievit, lavere reliquias et bibulam 
 
 had fallen down, and the flame had ceased, they batlie the remains and absorbing 
 
 favillam vino; que Chorinaeus texit lecta ossa aheno 
 
 embers with wine; and Chorinams covers the collected bones in a brazen 
 
 cado. Idem ter circumtulit socios pur undi. 
 
 cask. Also thrice he went around his companions with pure water 
 
 spargens levi rore et ramo felicis olivae; que 
 
 sprinkling them as with light dew and branch of the fortunate olive; and 
 
 lustravit viros, que dixit novissima verba. At pius ^Cneas 
 
 he purified the men, and uttered the last words. But pious Encai 
 
 imponit sepulcrum ingenti mole, que sua arma viro, 
 
 b" 1 ' 1 tt l <nb of great size, and laid his own arms by the man'
 
 163 234 
 
 que remum, que tubam sub aerio monte, qui nunc 
 
 and Aisoar, and trumpet beneath an airy mountain, which now 
 
 dicitur Misenus ab illo, que tenet nomen seternum per 
 
 s called Misenus from him, and retains his name forever through 
 
 secula. His aclis propere exsequitur praecepta 
 
 ages. These things being done hastily he performs the commands 
 
 Sibyllas. Fuit spelunca alta, que immanis vasto 
 
 of the Sibyl. There was a cave deep, and dreadful with an extended 
 
 hiatu, scrupea, tuta nigro lacu que tenebris nemorum; 
 
 mouth, stony, protected by a black lake and the darkness of the groves 
 
 super quam baud ullae volantes impune poterant tendere 
 
 over which not any flying creatures in safety were able to direct 
 
 iter pennis; talis halitus effundens atris faucibus fereba 
 
 their way by wings; such a blast issuing from its black jaws bore 
 
 sese ad supera convexa; unde Graii dixerunt locum 
 
 itself to the upper convex sky; whence the Greeks called the place 
 
 nomine Aornon. Hie sacerdos primum constituit quatuor 
 
 by name Aornon. Here the priestess first placed four 
 
 juvencos nigrantes terga, que invergit vina fronte; 
 
 bullocks black in their backs, and pours out wine on their forehead. 
 
 et carpens summas setas inter media cornua, imponit 
 
 and plucking the longest hairs between the horns, places them 
 
 sacris ignibus, prima libamina, voce vocans Hecaten 
 
 in the sacred fires, as first offerings, with her voice invoking Hecate 
 
 potentem ccelo que Erebo. Alii supponunt cultros, que 
 
 powerful in heaven and hell. Others apply knives, and 
 
 pateris suscipiunt tepidum cruorem. 
 
 in bowls receive the warm blood. 
 
 ^Eneas ipse ense ferit agnam atri velleris 
 
 /Eneas himself with his sword strikes a lamb of black fleece offering it to 
 
 matri Eumenidum, que magnae sorori que sterilem 
 
 the mother of the furies, and to her great sister (the earth) and a barren 
 
 vaccam tibi, Proserpina. Turn inchoat nocturnas aras 
 
 heifer to thee, O Proserpine. Then he renews the nightly altars 
 
 Stygio regi; et imponit flammis solida viscera taurorum, 
 
 to the Stygian king; arid places on the flames the entire entrails of bulls, 
 
 que fundens pingue oleum super ardentibus extis. Autem 
 
 and pouring out rich oil upon the burning entrails. But 
 
 ecce sub lumina et ortus primi solis, solum 
 
 lo beneath the light and the beams of the rising sun, the ground 
 
 mugire sub pedibus, et juga ccepta moveri, 
 
 began to groan under their feet, and the mountain tops began to be moved. 
 
 que canes vis?e ululare per umbram sylvarum, Dea 
 
 and Che dogs seem'd to howl through the shade of the woods, the Goddess 
 
 adventante. Vates conclamat, profani procul, procul 
 
 approaching. The prophetess exclaimed, ye profane far off, far oft 
 
 este, que absistite toto luco que tu invade 
 
 bu ye, and withdraw from thu whole grove and do you- urgu forward
 
 164 2(50 
 
 viam que enpe fcrrum vagina"; ./Eneas nunc 
 
 your inarch, and watch the sword from the sheath; O A'.ncns now 
 
 opus animis, nunc firmo pectore. EfFata tantum, 
 
 there is need for courage, now for a firm breast. Having spoken thus much, 
 
 furens immisit se aperto - antro. Hie aequat ducem 
 
 raging she cast herself into the open cave. He equals his guide 
 
 vadentem baud timidis passibus. Di quibus est 
 
 advancing not with fearful steps. Ye Gods to whom it 
 
 imperium animarum, silentes umbrae, et Chaos et Phlegcthon, 
 
 tie empire of souls, yc silent shades, and Chaos and fhlegethou, 
 
 loca late silentia nocte, sit fas mihi loqui' audita; 
 
 places far around silent by night, let it be lawful for me to speak things heard; 
 
 sit vestro numine pandere res mersas alta 
 
 may it be allovcd by your authority to lay open things plunged in the deep 
 
 terra et caligine. Ibant obscuri per umbram sub sola 
 
 earth and darkness. They went dark through the shade beneath the lonely 
 
 nocte, que per vacuas domos Ditis et inaniaregna;quale 
 
 night, and through the vacant dwellings of Pluto and empty kingdoms; Midi 
 
 Her est in sylvis per incertam lunam sub malignd luce 
 
 a way is in tho woods by the uncertain moon under a malignant light 
 
 ubi Jupiter condidit ccelum umbrS. et atra nox abstulit 
 
 when Jupiter has hid tin; sky in shade and black night has taken away 
 
 colorem rebus. Ante ipsura vestibulum que in primis 
 
 colour from all things. Before the porch und in the first 
 
 faucibus Orci, Luctus et ultrices Curse posuere cubilia; 
 
 Jaws of Hell, Grief and revengeful cares have placed their couches; 
 
 que pallentes Morbi habitant, que tristis Senectus et Metus. 
 
 and pale diseases dwell, and sad old age and fear, 
 
 et malesuada Fames, et turpis Egestas formas terribiles 
 
 and ill advising hunger, and degrading poverty forms terrible 
 
 visu;. que Lethum que Labor; turn Sopor consanguineus 
 
 to be seen; and death and labour; then sleep related 
 
 Lethi, et mala "Gaudia mentis, que in limine adverse 
 
 to death and the wicked joys of the mind, and in the threshold opposite 
 
 mortiferum Bellum, que ferrei thalami Eumenidum, 
 
 death bearing. war, and the iron bed chambers of the furies, 
 
 et demens Discordia innexa vipereum crinem cruentis 
 
 and mad Discord binding her viperous hair with bloody 
 
 vittis. In medio ingens ulmus opaca pandit ramos 
 
 fillets. In the midst a great elm dark opens its branches 
 
 que annosa brachia, quam sedem vulgo ferunt vana 
 
 and aged arms, which seat commonly they say vain 
 
 Somnia tenere, que haerent sub omnibus foliis, que 
 
 dreams possess, and remain under all the leaves, and 
 
 prseterea multa monstra variarum ferarum; Centauri 
 
 besides many prodigies of various wild beasts; Centaurs 
 
 etabu.ant in foribus, que biformes Scyllce, et Briareus 
 
 table in the gates, and two-formed Scylla, and Briareus
 
 1G5 2S7 
 
 centumgeminus, ac bellua Lernaa stridens horrendum 
 
 hxvin:; an hundred hands, and the monster o( Lvrna. hissing dreadfully 
 
 que Chimaera armata flammis; Gorgones que Harpyue et 
 
 arid Chimera armed with tires: Gordons and Harpies and 
 
 forma umbrae tricorporis. Hie ^Eneas trepidus 
 
 the form of the shade Laving three bodies. Here ^Erteas trembling 
 
 subita formidine corripit ferrum que offert strictam aciem 
 
 with sudden fea seized Ais sword and offers its drawn . point 
 
 venientibus: et irruat et frustra diverberet umbras 
 
 to them approaching: and rushes on and in vain had beaten the shades 
 
 ferro, ni docta comes admoneat tenues 
 
 with his sword, unless his skilful companion admonished him that the light 
 
 vitas volitare sine corpore sub cava imagine formse, 
 
 ghosts fly about without a body under the empty image of a form, 
 
 Hinc via, quae fert ad undas Tartarei Acherontis; hie 
 
 Hence is the way, which leads to the waves of Tartarean Acheron; here 
 
 gurges turbidus cceno que vasti voragine aestuat, atque 
 
 a gulf turbid with mud and a great whirlpool noils, and 
 
 eructat omnem arenam Cocyto. Portitor Charon horrendus 
 
 throws out all the sand into Cocytus. The ferryman Charon horrid 
 
 terribili squalore servat has aquas et fiumina, cui plurima 
 
 with terrible filth guards these waters and the rivers, whose abundant 
 
 canities jacet inculta mento; lumma flammas slant; sordidus 
 
 gray hair lies neglected on his chin; his eyes of flame stand out; a filthy 
 
 amictus nodo dependet ex humeris. Ipse subigit ratem 
 
 dress in a knot hangs from his shoulders. He guides the boat 
 
 conto, que ministrat velis, et subvectat corpora 
 
 with a pole, and supplies it with sails, and carries over the bodies 
 
 ferrugined cymba, jam senior; sed cruda que viridis senectus 
 
 in an iron coloured boat, now old; but fresh and green old age 
 
 Deo. Hue omnis turba effusa ruebat ad ripas; 
 
 belong to the God. Hither all the crowd pouring forth rushed to the banks; 
 
 matres atque viri, que corpora magnanimum heroum defuncta 
 
 mothers and men, and bodies of high-minded heroes deprived 
 
 vita", pueri que innuptae puellae, que juvenes impositi 
 
 of life, boys and unmarried maids, and youths placed 
 
 rogis ante ora parentum; quam multa folia lapsa 
 
 on funeral piles before the faces of their parents; as many ' leaves withered 
 
 cadunt in sylvis primo frigore autumni, aut quam multie 
 
 fall in the woods in the first cold of autumn, or as many 
 
 aves glomerantur ab alto gurgite, ubi frigidus annus 
 
 birds gather from the deep sea, when the cold year 
 
 fugat trans pontum, et immittit apricis terris. Stabant 
 
 drives them across the sea, and sends them to sunny lands. They stood 
 
 orantes transmittere cursum primi, que tendebant manus 
 
 entreat injr to pass over the course first, and stretched out their ham!s 
 
 amore ulterioris ripse; sed tristis navita nunc accipit 
 
 with Hie love of the farther hank: but the sad boatman now receives
 
 166 316 
 
 lios, nunc illos: ast arcet alios longe summotos aiend. 
 
 llioxe, now those: but be drives away others afar off removed from the sand. 
 
 JEncas ait (enim miratus que motus tumultu) virgo, 
 
 A'"cs says (for he wondered t and was moved by the tumult) O maid, 
 
 die quid vult concursus ad amnem? ve quid animae 
 
 ay what means this crowd at the river? or what do these souls 
 
 petunt? ve quo discrimine hae linquunt ripas, illae 
 
 cek? or by what difference do these leave the banks, tho. 
 
 remis verrunt livida vada? Longaeva sacerdos breviter 
 
 with oara succp the blue flood? The aged priestess shortly 
 
 fata est olli sic: Generate Anchisa" certissima proles 
 
 addressed him thus: O descended from Anchises the most sure oll'spring 
 
 DeQm, vides alta stagna Cocyti, que Stygiam paludem, 
 
 of the Gods, you sec the deep pools ofCocytus. and the Stygian marsh, 
 
 cujus numen Di timent jurare et fallere. Omnis haec 
 
 whose divinity the Goda 'fear to swear by and to deceive. All this 
 
 turba quam cernis est inops que inhumata, ille portitor 
 
 crowd which you see is destitute and unburied, the ferryman 
 
 Charon; hi quos unda vehit, sunt sepulti. Nee datur 
 
 Charon, those whom the wave bears, are buried. Nor is it allowed 
 
 transportare horrendas ripas, nee rauca fluenta, 
 
 to transport them over the dreadful banks, nor hoarse flowing streams, 
 
 priusquam ossa quierunt sedibus. Errant centum 
 
 before their bones have rested in their seats. They wander an hundred 
 
 annos, que volitant circum hasc litora: turn deinum admissi 
 
 years, and fly around these shores: then at length admitted 
 
 revisunt stagna exoptata. Satus Anchisa constitit, et 
 
 they revisit the pools beloved. He descended from Anchises stopped, and 
 
 pressit vestigia, putans multa que aniino miseratus 
 
 restrained his. footsteps, thinking many things end in his mind pitying 
 
 iniquam sortem. Ibi cernit mcestos, et carentes 
 
 their unequal lot. There lie sees thosp mournful, and deprived 
 
 honore mortis, Leucaspim, et Orontem ductorem Lyciae 
 
 of the honour of ilcaili, Leucaspis, and Orontes the leader of the Lycian 
 
 classis; quos simul vectos a Troja per ventosa aequora, 
 
 fleet; whom at tho same time driven from Troy through the windy seas, 
 
 auster obruit aqud involvens que navem que 
 
 the south wind overwhelmed in the water overturning both ship and 
 
 viros. Ecce gubernator Palinurus agebat sese, qui nuper 
 
 men. Lo the pilot Palinurus introduced himself, who lately 
 
 in Libyco cursu, dum servat sidera exciderat puppi, 
 
 in the Libyan course, while he observes the stars had fallen from the ship, 
 
 pffusus in mediis undis. Uhi vix cognovit hunc moestum 
 
 plunged in the midst of the wnves. When scarcely he knew him mournful 
 
 in multa umbra, prior alloquitur sic: Palinure 
 
 in the extended shade. first he addresses him thus- O Faliuui us
 
 167 342 
 
 quis Deorum eripuit te nobis, que mersit sub 
 
 what one of the Gods has snatched thee from us, and plunged you beneath 
 
 medio sequore? age die. 
 
 the midst of the sea? come say. 
 
 Namque Apollo baud ante repertus mihi fallax, hoc uno 
 
 For Apollo not heretofore found by nie deceitful, by this only 
 
 response delusit aniraum; qui canebat te fore 
 
 answer deluded my mind; who prophesied that you should be 
 
 incolumem ponto, que venturum Ausonios fines: 
 
 unhurt on the sea, and should come to the Ausonian boundaries: 
 
 en est hsec fides promissa? Autem ille Dux 
 
 lo is this the faith promised to me? But lie said O Leader 
 
 Anchisiade neque cortina Phcebi fefellit te, nee Deus. 
 
 son of Anchises neither the oracle of Apollo has deceived thee, nor has a G^d 
 
 mersit me aequore; namque pnecipitans traxi mecum 
 
 plunged me in the sea; for falling headlong I drew with me 
 
 gubernaclum forte revulsum multa vi cui datus 
 
 the helm by chance torn by much violence to which being given 
 
 custos haerebam que regebam cursus. Juro aspera 
 
 as keeper I clung and ruled my course. I swear by the stormy 
 
 maria me non cepisse ullum tantum timorem pro me, 
 
 seas that I did not conceive any so great fear for myself, 
 
 quam ne tua navis, spoliata armis, excussa magistro 
 
 as lest your ship, deprived of her tackle, dispossessed of her master 
 
 deficerit, tantis undis surgentibus, Violentus Notus 
 
 should sink, while so great waves were rising. The violent south wind 
 
 aqua vexit me tres hibernas noctes per irnmensa 
 
 on the water bore me three wintery nights through the extended 
 
 sequora: vix quarto lumine prospexi Italiam, 
 
 sens: scarcely on the fourth day I beheld Italy, 
 
 sublimis ab summd unda. Paulatim adnabam terrrse, et 
 
 nigh from the lofty wave. By degrees I swam to the land, and 
 
 jam tenebam tuta ni crudelis gens ferro invassiset 
 
 now I held a safe place had not a cruel people with the sword attacked m 
 
 gravatum cum madida veste, que prensantem uncis 
 
 oppress'd with my wet dress, and grasping with crooked 
 
 manibus aspefa capita montis, que ignara 
 
 hands the rough tops of the mountain and they ignorant 
 
 putasset me praedam. Nunc fluctus habet me, que venti 
 
 thought me plunder. Now the wave has me, and the winds 
 
 versant in litore. Quod oro te per jucundum lumen 
 
 toss me on the shore. But I pray thee by the pleasant light 
 
 ccnli et auras, per genitore'm per spem surgentis lull, 
 
 of heaven and the air, by my father by the hope of the rising lulus, 
 
 eripe me his malis, invicte; aut tu 
 
 snatch me from these misfortunes, O unconquered man; or do you 
 
 injice terrain mihi namque potes, que require Velinoa 
 
 cast earth on me for you can, and seek the Veline
 
 1(W 307 
 
 portus aut, si est qua via si Diva creatnx ostendit 
 
 harbour* or, if there ii any way if your divine mother has shewn 
 
 quam tibi, enim neque credo paras innare tanta 
 
 any to you, for neither do I believe you prepare to swim over o great 
 
 flumina que Stygian paludem sine numine DivGm, 
 
 rivers and theStygiaa marsh without the will of the Gods. 
 
 tu da dextram misero et tolle me tecum per 
 
 in yon give your right hand to me wretched and bear me with you through 
 
 undas, ut saltern quiescam placidis sedibus in morte. 
 
 the waves, that also I may rest iii peaceful seats in death. 
 
 Fatus erat talia, cum vates coepit 
 
 He had spoken these words, when the prophetess began 
 
 talia. O Palinure, unde tibi hsec tarn dira 
 
 to speak these in reply. O Palinurus, whence to you is this so dread 
 
 cupido? tu inhumatus aspicies Stygias aquas que 
 
 desire? will you unburied behold the Stygian waters and 
 
 severum amnem Eumenidum? ve injussus adibis 
 
 the cruel river of the Furies? or without orders will you approach 
 
 ripam. Desine sperare fata Deum flecti precando: 
 
 the bank. Cease to hope the fates of the Gods are influenced by praying: 
 
 sed memor cape dicta solatia duri casus. 
 
 but mindful take these words the consolation of your hard misfortune. 
 
 Nam finitimi acti coelestibus prodigiis longe que 
 
 For the neighbouring people driven by heavenly prodigies far and 
 
 late" piabunt ossa per urbes, et statuent tumulum 
 
 wide shall expiate your bones through the cities, and shall build a tomb 
 
 et mittent solemnia tumulo; que locus habebit 
 
 and shall present anniversary ritci on the tomb; and the place shall possess 
 
 sternum nomen Palinuri. His dictis curse 
 
 the eternal name of Palinurus. With these words his cares 
 
 emotte, ue dolor arumer ulsus tristi corde: 
 
 e, que dolor parumper 
 
 ved, and grief by degrees 
 
 were removed, and grief by degrees was banished from his sad heart 
 
 gaudet terrd cognomine. Ergo peragunt 
 
 he rejoices in the land with, his own name. Therefore they complete 
 
 inceptum iter, que propinquant fluvio: quos ut navita 
 
 their begun journey, and approach the river: whom as the boatman 
 
 jam inde ab StygiS. unda prospe*xit ire per taciturn ' 
 
 now even from the Stygian wave had seen to advance through the silent 
 
 nemus, que advertere pedem. ripae, sic prior 
 
 grove, and to turn their foot to the bank, thus first 
 
 aggreditur dictis, atque ultro increpat; 
 
 he addresses then in these words, and voluntarily chides them. 
 
 Quisquis es, qui tenclis- ad nostra flumina armatus, 
 
 Whoever you are, who advance to our streams armed. 
 
 age fare, quid venias; et jam istinc compnme gressum. 
 
 come say, why do you come; and now from hence restrain your step. 
 
 Hie est locus umbrarum, Somni, que sopors Noctis: 
 
 Tbis is toe place of shades, of sleep, and of drowsy night*
 
 169 391 
 
 iefas vectare viva corpora Stygid carind. Nee vero 
 
 it is a crime to bear living bodies in the Stygian boat. Nor indeed 
 
 sum laetatus me lacu accepisse Alciden euntem, 
 
 am I rejoiced that I on the lake received Hercules hither coming, 
 
 nec Thesea, que Pirithoum, quanquam essent geniti 
 
 nor Theseus, and Pirithous, although they were descended from 
 
 Dis, atque invicti viribus. Hie manu petivit Tartareum 
 
 Gods, and invincible in strength. He with his hand sought the Tartarean 
 
 custodem in vincla, que traxit trementem solio 
 
 keeper and bound him in chains, and dragged him trembling from the throne 
 
 Regis ipsius; hi adorti deducere dominam 
 
 of the king himself; these attempted to carry off the mistress 
 
 thalamo Ditis. Contra quae Amphrysia 
 
 f:om the marriage chamber of Pluto. In reply to which wordt the Auipbyrsian 
 
 vates breviter fata est. Nullae tales insidiae hie; absiste 
 
 prophetess briefly spoke. No such snares are here; cease 
 
 moveri, nec tela ferunt vim: licet ingens 
 
 to be moved, nor do these weapons bear violence: it is allowed that the great 
 
 janitor aetenum latrans antro terreat exsangues 
 
 porter forever barking in the cave may frighten off bloodless 
 
 umbras; ut casta Proserpina servet limen patrui. 
 
 shades; that chaste Proserpine may preserve the threshold of her uncle. 
 
 Troius ^Eneas, insignis pietate et armis, descendit ad 
 
 Trojan ^Eneas, distinguished for piety and arms, descends to 
 
 genitorem, ad imas umbras Erebi. Si nulla imago 
 
 bis father, to the deepest shades of hell. If no image 
 
 tantae pietatis movet te, at agnoscas hunc ramum 
 
 of such distinguished piety moves you, yet may you know this branch 
 
 (aperit ramum qui latebat sub veste.) Turn corda 
 
 (she displays the branch which lay hid beneath her dress.) Then bis heart 
 
 residunt ex tumida" ira; nec plura his. 
 
 ceased . from swelling anger; nor were spoken more words than these. 
 
 Ille, admirans venerabile donum fatalis virgse, visum 
 
 He, admiring the venerable gift of the fatal rod, seen 
 
 post longo tempore, advertit coeruleam puppim, que 
 
 after a long time, turns his azure boat, and 
 
 propinquat ripae. Inde deturbat alias animas, xjuse sedebant 
 
 draws near to the bank. Then he drives off other souls, which sat 
 
 per longa juga, que laxat fords. Simul accipit 
 
 along the extended seats, and opens the hatches. At the same time he receives 
 
 ingentem ^Eiiean alveo. Sutilis cymba gemuit sub 
 
 the great ^Sneas in the boat. The patched boat groaned under 
 
 pondere, et rimosa accepit multam paludem. 
 
 the weight, and full of cracks receives much water from the lake. 
 
 Tandem exponit que vatem que virum incolumes trans 
 
 At length he lands both the prophetess and the hero unharmed across 
 
 fluvium in informi limo, que glaucS. ulvd. Ingens 
 
 thu river upon the shapeless slime. and green sedge. Huge
 
 170 417 
 
 Ceroerus personal hzc regna trifauci iatratu, 
 
 Cerberus souii'ls through these realms with his triple jawed barking, 
 
 recubans immanis in adverse antro: cui vates 
 
 reclining immense in the opposite cave: to whom the prophetess 
 
 videns colla jam horrere colubris, objicit p/Farn 
 
 beholding his uncle now begin to bristle with snakes, throws a ciiko 
 
 soporatara melle et medicatis frugibus. Ille, pandens tria 
 
 rendered sic. py by honey and medicated fruits. He, opening bis triple 
 
 guttura, rabida" fame, corripit objectam, atque fusus 
 
 throat, with mad hunger snatches it thrown, and extended 
 
 humi, resolvit immania terga, que extenditur 
 
 on the ground, relaxes his enormous back, and is spread 
 
 ingens toto antro. ./Eneas occupat aditum, custode 
 
 huge through the whole cave. ./Eneas seizes the entrance, the guard 
 
 sepulto, que celer evadit ripam irremeabilis 
 
 being buried in sleep, and swift escapes from the bank of the never-returning- 
 
 unchc. Continue voces audits, el ingens vagitus, que 
 
 wave. Immediately voices are heard, and a great wailing, and 
 
 animae infantum flentes in primo limine; quos exsortes 
 
 the souls of infants weeping in ihelirsl entrance; whom deprived 
 
 dulcis vitse, et raptos ab ubere, atra dies abstulit, et 
 
 of sweet life, and snatched from the breast, black time bore away, and 
 
 mersit acerbo funere: juxta hos damnati mortis falso 
 
 plunged in bitter death: near to these those condemned to death for a false 
 
 crimine. Nee verb has sedes datae sine sorte, sine 
 
 crime. Nor indeed are these scats given without lot, without 
 
 judice. Quoesitor Minos movet urnam: ille que vocat 
 
 a judge. The Inquisitor Minos moves the urn: he likewise convokes 
 
 concilium silentum, que discit vitas et crimina. Deinde 
 
 a council of silent shades, and learns their lives and their crimes. Then 
 
 mcesti, qui insontes peperere lethum 
 
 those mournful shades, who guiltless of other crimes procured death 
 
 sibi manu, que perosi lucem projecere animas, 
 
 to themselves by their hand, and hating the light threw away their lives, 
 
 tenent proxima loca. 
 
 hold the nearest places. 
 
 Quam vellent nunc perferre et pauperiem et duros 
 
 How would they now endure both poverty and hard 
 
 labores in alto aethere! Fata obstant, que inamabilis 
 
 labours in the upper region! The fates oppose, and the dismal 
 
 palus alligat tristi unda 1 , et Styx novies interfusa 
 
 marsh binds them with its sad wave, and the Styx nine times flowing between 
 
 coercet. Nee procul hinc monstrantur fusi in omnem 
 
 constrains them. Not far from this are shewn scattered over cvrry 
 
 partem lugentes campi, sic dicunt illos nomine. Hie 
 
 part the mournful plains, thus they call them by name. Here 
 
 secret! calles celant, et myrtea sylva circum tegit quos 
 
 secret patha conceal, and a myrtle grove around covers those wlioir
 
 171 442 
 
 durus amor peredit crudeli tabe: curae non relmquunt in 
 
 cruel love corrodes by cruel consumption: cares do not leave them. in 
 
 mode ipsS. Cernit Phaedram que Procrin his locis, que 
 
 death itself. He sees Phtedra and Procris in these places, and 
 
 mcostam Eriphylen monslrantem vulnera crudelis nati, 
 
 r-.ournful Eriphyle pointing out the wounds of her cruel son 
 
 que Evadnen, et Pasiphaen: Laodamia it comes his; 
 
 and Evadne, and Pusiptuea: Laodamia goes a companion to these* 
 
 Caeneus, quondam juvenis, nunc femina, et rursus revoluta 
 
 Cctneus, formerly a boy, now a woman, and again changed back 
 
 fato in veterem figuram. Inter quas Phoenissa Dido, 
 
 by fate into his ancient figure. Among whom Phoenician Dido, 
 
 recens a vulnere, errabat in magn sylvd; juxta quam 
 
 fresh from her wound, wandered in a great grove; near to whom 
 
 ut primum Troius heros stetit, que agnovit per obscuram 
 
 as first the Trojan hero stood,' and knew her through the dark 
 
 umbram (qualem qui aut videt ;aut putat vidisse lunam 
 
 shade (such as one who either sees or thinks he has seen the moon 
 
 surgere per nubila primo mense,) demisit lacrymas, 
 
 to arise through the clouds in the first of the month.) he shed tears 
 
 que affatus est dulci amore: Infelix Dido! ergo verus 
 
 and addressed her with sweet love: Wretched Dido! therefore a true 
 
 nuncius venerat mihi extinctam, que ferro 
 
 message had come -tome that you had been killed, and by the sword 
 
 secutam extrema?. Heu! fui causa funeris tibi! 
 
 you had attained the end of life! Alas! I have been the cause of death to you 1 
 
 juro per sidera, per Superos, et si est qua fides 
 
 I swear by the stars, by the Gods above, and if there is 'any faith 
 
 sub im tellure, invitus cessi de tuo litore, 
 
 beneath the lowest earth, that, unwilling I withdrew from your shore, 
 
 regina. Sed jussa Deum quaa nunc cogunt ire 
 
 O queen. But the commands of the' Gods which now compel me to go 
 
 per has umbras, per loca senta situ, que profundum 
 
 through these shades, through places overrun by filth, and through deep 
 
 noctem, egere me suis imperils; nee quivi credere me 
 
 night, have forced me by their commands; nor could I believe that I 
 
 ferre hunc tantum dolorem tibi discessu. Siste gradum 
 
 brought this so great grief to you by my departure. Restrain your step 
 
 que ne subtrahe te nostro aspectu. Quern fugis? 
 
 and do not withdraw yourself from my sight. Whom do you fly? 
 
 hoc est extremum quod alloquor te fato. JEneas 
 
 this is the last time" which I address you permitted by fate. ^neas 
 
 lenibat animum ardentem et tuentem torva, talibus 
 
 Eoothed her mind burning with rage and looking sternly, with these 
 
 dictis, que ciebat lacrymas. Ilia, aversa, tenebat 
 
 words, and he excited Ais own tears. She, turning away, held 
 
 oculos fixos solo; nee magis movetur vultum 
 
 her eyes fastened on the ground; nor more is she moved in her countenance
 
 172 471 
 
 incepto sermone, quim si etet dura silex aut 
 
 by hii begun discourse, than if he should stand a Arm flint <n 
 
 Marpesia cautes. Tandem proripuit sese afque iuimica 
 
 Marpesinn cliff. At length she hurries herself away and hostile 
 
 fugit in umbriferum nemus, ubi pristinus conjux 
 
 flies into the shady grove, where ber former husband 
 
 Sichrcus respondet illi curis, que aequat amorem. 
 
 Sicheus responds to her by his cares, and equals ber love. 
 
 Nec minus JEne&s, percussus iniquo casu, 
 
 Nevertheless /Eneas, struck by her unjust misfortune 
 
 prosequitur longe lacrymans, et miseratur euntem. Inae 
 
 pursues her afar weeping, and pities htr departing. Then 
 
 molitur datum iter; que jam tenebant ultima arva, 
 
 be continues the appointed way; and now they had reached the remotest fields, 
 
 quae secreti, clari bello frequentant. HicTydeus, 
 
 which being retired, men distinguished in war resort to. Here Tydeut 
 
 hie Parthenopaeus inclytus armis, et imago 
 
 appears to him here Parthennpxus renowned in arms, and the image 
 
 pallentis Adrasti occurrit illi. Hie Dardanidae multum 
 
 of pale Adrastus meets him. Here the Trojans much 
 
 fleti ad superos, que caduci bello; quos omnes, 
 
 lamented among the living, and those falling in war; whom all. 
 
 ille cernens longo ordine, ingemuit; que Glaucum que 
 
 be beholding in long array, groans: and Glauctis and 
 
 Medonta, que Thersilochum, tres Antenoridas que 
 
 MI 'inn, and Thersilochus, the three sons of Anterior and 
 
 Polyboeten, sacrum Cereri, que Idaeum, etiam tenentem 
 
 Polybetes, sacred to Ceres, and Idaeus, also holding 
 
 currus, etiam arma. Animae circumstant frequentes 
 
 his chariot, also bis arms. Souls stand around in great numbers 
 
 dextra que lasvS. Nec est satis vidisse semel: 
 
 on the right and on the left. Nor is it enough to have seen him once: 
 
 juvat usque morari et conferre gradum, et 
 
 it delights them for a long time to delay him and to accompany his stop, and 
 
 poscere causas veniendi. At proceres Danaum, que 
 
 to demand the causes of his coming. But the leaders of the Greeks, and 
 
 Agamemnoniae phalanges, ut videre virum, que fulgentia 
 
 Agamemnon's battalions, as they beheld the hero, and his glittering 
 
 arma per umbras, trepidare ingenti metu; pars 
 
 arms through the shades, they began to tremble with great fear a part 
 
 vertere terga, ceu quondam petiere rates; pars tollere 
 
 to turn their backs, aa formerly they sought the ships; a part to raise 
 
 exiguam vocem, inceptus clamor frustratur hiantes. 
 
 thpir slender voice, the incipient cry deceives them gasping. 
 
 Atque hie vidit Deiphobum Priamiden laniatum toto 
 
 And here he beheld Dciphobu?, the son of Priam, torn in Ins whole 
 
 corpore, et crudeliter laceratum ora; ora que ambfts 
 
 body an< cruelly mangled in his face; his face .-ind butb
 
 - 173 1U6 
 
 manus, que tempora populata auribus raptis, ot narcs 
 
 ins (mills, and his temples lacerated las cars lorn off, a:nl his nostrils 
 
 truncas inhonesto vulnere. Adeo vix agnovit 
 
 mutilated by a disgraceful wound. Thus scarcely did he know him 
 
 pavitantem et tegentem dira supplicia, et ultro 
 
 trembling and concealing his dreadful tortures; and forthwith 
 
 compellat notis vocibus: Deiphobe armipotens, 
 
 he addresses Aim with his well-known words. O Deiphobus powerful in arms. 
 
 genus ab alto sanguine Teucri, quis optavit sumere 
 
 whose descent is from the ennobled blood of Teucer. who has desired to take 
 
 tain crudeles pcenas, cui licuit tanlum 
 
 such cruel punishments, to whom has it been allowed to exercise so grca 
 
 de te? Fama tulit mihi, te, suprema nocte, 
 
 tiuelty on you 7 Fame brought to me, that you. on the lust night, 
 
 fessum vasta caede Pelasgum, procubuisse super 
 
 weaned with great destruction of the Greeks, had fallen upon 
 
 acervum confusae stragis. Tune egomet constitui inanem 
 
 a heap of confused slaughter, Then I myself built an empty 
 
 tumulum in Rhoeteo litore, et ter vocavi Manes 
 
 tomb on the Rhretian shore, and thrice I called upon your remains 
 
 magnS. voce. Nomen et arma servant locum. Nequivi 
 
 with u great voice. Your name and arms preserve the place. I could not 
 
 conspicere te, amice, et, decedens, ponere patria terra 1 . 
 
 bphold you. O friend, and, departing, lay you in your native earth 
 
 Atque hie Priamides: O amice, nihil relictum tibi. 
 
 And here the son of Pnam said: O friend, nothing was left undone byyoti 
 
 solvish omnia Deiphobo, et umbris funeris. Sed 
 
 you have paid every respect to Deiphobus. and to the shade of his corpse. But 
 
 mea fata, et exitiale scelus Lacaena? mersere me 
 
 my own fates, and the deadly crime of Lacedemonian Helen have plunged me 
 
 his malis: ilia reliquit hasc monumenta. Namque 
 
 in these misfortunes: she has left these monuments of herself For 
 
 novisti ut egerimus supremam noctem inter falsa gaudia, 
 
 you know that we passed the last night amidst false joys. 
 
 et est necesse nimium meminisse cum fatalis equus venit 
 
 and it is necessary too well remember when the fatal horse came 
 
 saltu super ardua Pergama, et gravis attulit armatum 
 
 with a bound, over our high citadel, and teeming brought an armed 
 
 peditem alvo. Ilia simulans chorum, ducebat 
 
 foot soldiery in its womb. She feigning a dance, led out 
 
 Phrygias evantes circum orgia: ipsa media tenebat 
 
 the Phrygian women howling around their orgies: she in the midst held out 
 
 ingentem flammam, et vocabat Danaos ex summa arce. 
 
 a great torch, and called to the Greeks from the high -ower. 
 
 Turn infelix thalamus habuit me confectum curis que 
 
 Then my unhappy marriage chamber held me worn down by cares ani* 
 
 gravatum somno, que dulcis et alta quies, que simillima 
 
 oppressed by sleep, and sweet and deep slumber and most like
 
 174 5J 
 
 placidse morti, pressit jacentem. Interea egregiu 
 
 to peaceful death, restrained me lying. In the meantime :ny excellent 
 
 conjux emovet omnia arma tectis, et subduxerat 
 
 wife removed all arms , from the palace and had withdrawn 
 
 fidum ensem capiti: vocat Mcnelaum intra tccta, cl 
 
 my faithful sword from my head: she invites Menclaus within the palace. <m<l 
 
 pandit limina, scilicit sperans id fore magnum muni;.* 
 
 opens the gates, truly hoping that would be a great t'av..ir 
 
 amanti, et sic famam veterum malorum posse extingui. 
 
 V> a lover, and thus the fame of her former crimes might be destroyed 
 
 Quid moror 5 irrumpunt thalamo. bolides, 
 
 W?y do I delay* they break into the marriage chamber. The son of Eolu.s, 
 
 nortator scelerum, additur comes una. Di 
 
 he adviser of crimes, w added as a companion together wu/ithem. Ye Gods 
 
 mstaurate talia Graiis, si reposco poenas 
 
 repay these atrocities to the Greeks, if I demand punishment 
 
 pio ore. 
 
 with a pious mouth. 
 
 Sed age, fare vicissim, qui casus attulerint (e vjvum. 
 
 But come, speak in turn, what misfortunes have brought you alive. 
 
 Ne venis actus erroribus pelagi, an 
 
 Whether do you come driven on by the wanderings of the sea, or 
 
 monitu Divum? an quse fortuna fatigat te ut 
 
 by the admonition oftheGods? or what fortune urges you thai you 
 
 adires tristes domos sine sole, turbida loca. 
 
 should approach the sad dwellings without a sun. them disturbed places. 
 
 Hac vice sermonum Aurora roseis quadrigis 
 
 In this interchange of conversation the sun in his roseate chario 
 
 jam trajecerat medium axem aethereo cursu: et 
 
 now had passed over the middle heaven in his etherial course; anil 
 
 fors traherent omne tempus datum per talia 
 
 perhaps they would have spent all tin-tune allowed u, such durourse 
 
 sed Sibylla comes admonuit que breviter affata est 
 
 but the Sybil his companion admonished and shortly addressed 
 
 .flSnea, nox ruit nos ducimus horas flendo. 
 
 him thus. C) /l-'nras. night rustics on and we spend the hours in wi-|iiiig. 
 
 Hie est locus ubi via findit se in ambas partes: 
 
 Hern is the place where the way separates itself into two pa-ts: 
 
 dextcra qnae tendit sub mrcnia magni Ditis; hac iter 
 
 tin- right which leads beneath the walls of great Pluto; by tins i.-tthe \vt* 
 
 nobis Elysium; at I.-sva exercet pcenas malorum et 
 
 for us to Elysium; but the left exercises the punishment of thi- wicked m\4 
 
 mittit ad impia Tartara. Contra Deiphobus 
 
 ends them to wicked Tartarus. On the other hand Dcipliobus soul 
 
 Magna sacerdos, ne saevi; discedam, explebr 
 
 O zreat Pnestesa. do not be angry; f will depart. I will (ill <i( 
 
 numerum que reddar tenebris. I nostiun 
 
 the number of ; host* and I shall be restored to darkness. Go ou
 
 175 54G 
 
 decus, i, utere melioribus fatis. EtTatus lantum, et m 
 
 glory, go, be accustomed to better fates. He spoke thus much, apd on 
 
 verbo torsit vestiga. .dSneas respicit subito, et 
 
 the word he turn'd back his footstep?. Eneas looks back suddenly, and 
 
 sub rupe sinistra videt lata mcenia circumdata triplici 
 
 beneath a rock on (he left beholds the ample ramparts surrounded by a triple 
 
 muro, quae rapidus amnis Taitareus Phlegethon ambit 
 
 wall. which the swift river Tartarean Phlegethon I, surrounds 
 
 torrentibus flammis, que torquet sonantia saxaV Ingens 
 
 with rapid flumes, and hurls along the resounding rocks. A great 
 
 porta adversa que columns solido adamante, ut nulla 
 
 gate \s opposite and columns of solid adamant, so that no 
 
 vis virum non ccelicolae ipsi valeant exscindere 
 
 strength of men iior the Gods themselves are able to destroy them 
 
 ferro. Ferrea turris stat ad auras; que Tisiphone 
 
 with the sword. An iron tower stands raised high in the air; and Tisiphone 
 
 sedens succincta cruenta palla, exsomnis servat 
 
 sitting girded with a bloody cloak, sleepless preserves 
 
 vesttbulum que noctes que dies. Gemitus exaudiri hinc, 
 
 the porch both night and day. Groans are h^ard from hence, 
 
 et saeva verbera sonare; turn stridor ferri, que tract* 
 
 and cruel blows resound; then the rattling of steel, and drawn 
 
 catenae. ^Eneas constitit, que exterritus hausit strepitura. 
 
 cliams. /Eneas stojit, and frightened listened to the noise. 
 
 O virgo, effare; quae facies scelerum ve quibus 
 
 O maid. speak; what forms of crimes are these or with what 
 
 pomis urgentur? quis tantus plangor ad 
 
 punishment are they chastised? what is this great wailing which rises to 
 
 auras? Turn vates orsa loqui sic: Inclyte dux 
 
 the skies? Then the prophetess began to speak thus: Renowned leader 
 
 Teucrum, fas nulli casto insistere sceleratum 
 
 f the Trojans, it is right for no chaste person to tread the accursed 
 
 limen; sed Hecate ipsa cum praefecit me Avernis 
 
 threshold; but Hecate herself when she placed me over the Avermai 
 
 lucis, docuit poenas Deflm, que duxit per 
 
 groves, taught me the punishment of the Gods, and led me through 
 
 omnia. Gnosius Rhadamanthus habet haec durissima 
 
 every division. Gnnssian Rhndamanthus possesses these most cru<>l 
 
 regna que audit que castigat dolos; que subigit fateri 
 
 kingdoms and hears ami chastises frauds; and compels them to confess 
 
 qua; piacula commissa quis apud superos distuli* 
 
 what crimfis committed each one among the regions above had putofl 
 
 in seram mortem, laetatus inani furto. 
 
 vr.repf >.//!</ to late death, exulting in the vain deceit. 
 
 Continue Tisiphone ultrix accincta flagello, quatit 
 
 Immediately Tisjphone avenging girded with a whip, shakes f over 
 
 sontes insultans, que intentans torvos angues 
 
 the guilty insulting them, and stretching out her direful snakes
 
 176 57-2 
 
 sinistrS. vocat sseva agmina sororum. Tumdemum 
 
 in IH.T IcO h.ind she i-.iiu the cruci band? ofhcr mslcr Furies. Then .'it length 
 
 sacrae portjB stridentes horrisono cardine, panduntur 
 
 Hie j.Kfctl 53 to i creakme on their horrid rounding hinge, arc thrown open. 
 
 Cernis, quails custodia sedeal vestibule? quae facies servet 
 
 You see. what a guard siu in the porch? what a form guard* 
 
 limma? Saevior Hydra, immanis quinquaginta atris 
 
 the gates? A more dreaded Hydra. loathsome with fitly black 
 
 hintibus, habet sedem intus. Turn Tartarus ipse patet 
 
 inontlis. holds her scat within. Then Tartarus itself lies opi-u 
 
 bis tantum in praeceps, que tendit sub umbras, quantus 
 
 twice as much in its dcscf.nl, and extends bcnrath the shades, as much us 
 
 suspectus ad aetherium Olympum Cccli. Hie antiquum 
 
 its ascent is to the celestial height of heaven. Hero the ancient 
 
 genus Terras, Titania pubes, dejecti fulmme, 
 
 race of the earth, the Titanian youth, hurled down by a thunderbolt, 
 
 volvuntur in imo fundo. Hie vidi et geminos 
 
 arc overwhelmed in the lowest abyss. Here I beheld also the two sons 
 
 Aloidas, immania corpora, qui aggressi rescindere magnum 
 
 of Aloeus, those huge bodies, who attempted to tear down the ample 
 
 coelum manibus, que detrudere Jovem superis regnis. 
 
 fky with Ihcir hands, and to hurl Jupiter from his exalted kingdoms. 
 
 Vidi et Salmonea dantem crudeles pcenas, dum 
 
 [;>aw likewise Salmoneus undergoing cruel punishments. while 
 
 imitatur flammas Jovis et sonitus Olympi. Hie invectus 
 
 he imitates the flames of Jupiter and the sounds of Olympus. He borne on 
 
 quatuor equis, et quassans lampada, ibat ovans per populos 
 
 by tour horses, and shaking a torch, went shouting through the people 
 
 Graiflm, que per urbem mediae Elidis, que poscebat 
 
 of the Greeks, and through the ci'y of the midst of Elis. and demanded 1 
 
 honorem Divflm sibi; demens! qui simulaverat 
 
 the honour "f the Gods to himself; mad man! who had counterfeited 
 
 jiimbos, et fulmen non imitabile, aere et cursu 
 
 the storms, arid thunder not to be imitated, by brass and the course 
 
 cornipedum equorum. At omnipotens pater contorsit 
 
 if the horn -footed horses. But the omnipotent father hurled 
 
 elum inter densa nubila ^ille non faces, nee lumina 
 
 us dart among the thick clouds (he did not hurl firebrands, nor lights 
 
 umea taedis) que adegit prascipitem immani turbine. 
 
 mnking from torches) and drove him headlong <vith a dreadful whirlwind. 
 
 Et nec non erat cernere Tityon, alumnum omniparentis 
 
 \nd also there was to be seen Tityon. the foster son of the all-producing 
 
 errse, cui corpus porrigitur per novem tota jugera; que 
 
 ?arth. whose body is extended over nine whole acres; and 
 
 mmanis vultur tundens immortale jecur, que viscera 
 
 huge vulture beating his immortal liv>r. and his entrails 
 
 fecunda poenis adunco rostro, que rimatur 
 
 >r<nif(il in punishments, with her hooki.il teak and <>lio*uarr.he'
 
 177 600 
 
 cpulis, que habitat sub alto pectore; nee ulla requies 
 
 for her food, and dwells beneath hisdeep breaat; nor is any resl 
 
 datur fibris renatis. Quid memorem Lapithas, 
 
 given 10 nis fibres growing afresh. Why should I mention the Lapithx, 
 
 Ixiona, que Pirithoum, super quos atra silexjam, jam 
 
 (xion, and Perithous, over whom a black flint now, now 
 
 lapsura, que assimilis cadenti imminet. Aurea fulcra 
 
 about to fall, and like to one falling overhangs. Golden pillars 
 
 lucent altis gflnialibus toris, que epulce paratae ante 
 
 thine to the high genial couches, and feasts prepared before 
 
 ora regifico luxu; maxima Furiarum accubat juxta, et 
 
 their faces with royal luxury; the greatest of the Furies sits nearby, and 
 
 prohibet contingere mensas manibus, que exsurgit 
 
 forbids them to touch the tables with their hands, and she rises 
 
 attollens facem atque intonat ore. 
 
 uplifting her torch, and thunders with her mouth. 
 
 Hie quibus fratres invisi dum vita manebat, ve 
 
 Here are those by whom brothers .are hated while life remained, or 
 
 pareris pulsatus, et fraus innexa clienti; aut qui 
 
 a parent was beaten, and fraud had been contrived against a client; or who 
 
 soli incubuere divitiis repertis, nee posuere partem suis; 
 
 alone brooded over wealth discovered, nor laid by apart for their friends, 
 
 quae est maxima turba: que qui csesi ob adulterium; que 
 
 which is the greatest crowd: and who were killed for adultery; and 
 
 qui secuti impia arma, nee veriti fallere dextras 
 
 who had followed impious arms; nor did they fear to violate the faith 
 
 dominorum; inclusi expectant pcenam. Ne quaere 
 
 pledged to their masters; shut up they await their punishment. Do not ask 
 
 doceri quam pcenam, aut quae forma ve fortuna mersit 
 
 to be taught what punishment, or what form or fortune overwhelmed 
 
 viros. Alii volvunt ingens saxum, pendent district! 
 
 ihe men. Others roll a great rock, they hang stretched 
 
 radiis rotarum. Infelix Theseus sedet, que sedebit 
 
 on the spokes of wheels. Wretched Theseus sits, and will sit 
 
 aeternflm; que miserrimus Phlegyas admonet omnes, et 
 
 forever; . and most miserable Phlegyas admonishes all, and 
 
 testatur per umbras magna voce; Moniti discite 
 
 bears witness through the shades with a great voice; Admonished learn 
 
 justitiam, et non temnere Divos. Hie vendidit patrjam 
 
 justice and not despise theGods. This man sold his country 
 
 auro, que imposuit potentem dominum; fixit atque refixit - 
 
 for gold, and imposed a powerful master over it; he made and unmade 
 
 leges pretio. Hie invasit thalamum natae, que 
 
 laws for a price. This one invaded the marriage chamber of his daughter, and 
 
 vetitos hymenceos: omnes ausi immane nefas, que potiti 
 
 forbidden nuptial rites: all had dared some dreadful crime, ami executed 
 
 aus<v Si sint mihi centum linguse; que centum 
 
 what they dared. If there should be to me an hundred tongues; and an hundred
 
 178 
 om, fcrrea vox non possim comprendere ornnes formas 
 
 mouths, an iron voice, I could not comprehend all the form* 
 
 scelerum, percurrere omnianomina pcenarum. Ubj 
 
 of their crimes, run through all the names of their punishments. When 
 
 longaeva sacerdos Phcebi dedit hsec dicta, ait, Sed jam 
 
 the aged pries-less of Apollo had uttered these words, she said, But now 
 
 age, carpe viam > et perfice susceptum munus; 
 
 cme on, take the way, and accomplish the begun duty; 
 
 acceleremus: conspicio mcenia educta caminis 
 
 let us hasten: I behold the walls of Pluto wrought in the forges 
 
 Cyclopum, atque portas adverse fornice, ubi praecepta 
 
 of the Cyclops, and the gates with the opposite arch, where our orderg 
 
 jubent nos deponere base dona. Dixerat: et pariter grcssi 
 
 command us to deposit these offerings. She said: and together walking 
 
 per opaca viarum, corripiunt medium spatium, que 
 
 through the dark passages of the way, they seize the intermediate space, and 
 
 propinquant foribus. jEneas occupat aditum, que spargit 
 
 approach the doors. JKneas reaches the entrance, and sprinkles 
 
 corpus recenti aqua, que figit ramum in adverse Jimine. 
 
 his body with fresh water, and places the branch in the opposite gale. 
 
 His demum exactis, munere perfecto 
 
 These fAin^s at length being completed, the offering being accomplished 
 
 Divae devenere Isetos locos et amcena vireta, 
 
 to the Goddess they approached the joyful places and the pleasant green retreats, 
 
 que beatas sedes fortunatorum nemorum. Hie largior 
 
 and the blessed seats of the happy groves. Here a more ex. 
 
 aether vestit campos, et purpureo lumine; n6runt 
 
 tensive atmosphere clothes the plains, and with purple light; they know 
 
 suum solem, que sua sidera. Pars exercent membra in 
 
 their own sun, and their own stars. A part exercise their limbs on 
 
 gramineis palaestris; contendunt ludo, et luctantur 
 
 the grassy wrestling grounds; they strive in sport, and struggle 
 
 fulva" arend: pars plaudunt choreas pedibus, et dicunt 
 
 on the yellow sand: apart beat dances with their feet, and sing 
 
 carmina. Nee non Threicius sacerdos, cum long& 
 
 ongs. Likewise Orpheus the Thracian priest, with his long 
 
 veste, obloquitur septem discrimina vocum numeris: que 
 
 robe, recites seven varieties of words in numbers: and 
 
 pulsat eadam jam digitis, jam eburno pectine. 
 
 strikes out the same now with his fingers, now with his ivory quill. 
 
 Hie antiquum genus Teucri, pulcherrima proles 
 
 Here is the ancient race of Teucer, the most beautiful offspring 
 
 magnanimi heroes nati melioribus annis; que Tlus que 
 
 high minded heroes born in better years; and Ilus and 
 
 Assaracus, et Dardanus auctor Trojse. Miratur procul 
 
 Afsaracus, and Dardanus the founder of Troy. He admit-** afar off 
 
 arma, que inanes currus virorum. Hastae stant defixae 
 
 th" ann$, ami empty, chariots of the men Spears stand /aii-nd
 
 179 65<J 
 
 terr& que equi soluti pascuntur passim per campos. 
 
 hi the earth and the horses let loose feed every where through the plains. 
 
 Quae gratia curruum que armorum fuit vivis, quae cura 
 
 What fondness of chariots and of arms was to them living, what care 
 
 pascere nitentes equos eadem sequitur repositos tellure. 
 
 to feed the shining horses the same follows them buried in the earth. 
 
 Ecce conspicit alios, dextra" qne laeva vescentes 
 
 Lo he beliolds others, on the right hand and the left feeding 
 
 per herbam, que canentes laetum paeana choro, inter 
 
 through the grass, and singing a joyful hymn in a. band, amidst 
 
 odoratura nemus lauri; unde superne plurimus amnis 
 
 a fragrant grove of laurel; whence fromabove the extensive river 
 
 Eridani volvitur per sylvam. Hie manus passi 
 
 of Eridanus rolls through the wood. Here were bands who had suffered 
 
 vulnera pugnando ob patriam; que qui casti sacerdotes 
 
 wounds in fighting for their country; and who were chaste priests 
 
 dum vita manebat; que qui pii vates et locuti 
 
 while life remained; and who were pious poets and spoke things 
 
 digna Phoebo; aut qui excoluere vitam per inventas artes, 
 
 worthy of Apollo; or who had adorned life by discovered arts, 
 
 que qui fecere alios memores. sui merendo; 
 
 and who had made others mindful of themselves by deserving; 
 
 tempora cinguntur omnibus his nived vitta. Quos 
 
 their temples are surrounded to all these by a snow white fillet. Whom 
 
 circumfusos Sybilla affata est sic, Museum ante omnes; 
 
 gathered around the Sybil addrest thus, Museus before all; 
 
 nam plurima turba habet hunc medium, atque suspicit 
 
 for a great crowd held him in the midst, and she bfholds him 
 
 exstantem altis humeris; Felices animae que tu optime 
 
 standing above with his lofty shoulders; Ye happy souls and thou most excellent 
 
 vates, dicite, quae regio, quis locus habet Anchisen? 
 
 poet. say, what region, what place holds Anchises? 
 
 venimus ergo illius, et tranavimus magnos amnes 
 
 we have come therefore for him, and swam over the great streams 
 
 Erebi. Atque ita heros reddidit responsum huic paucis: 
 
 of Hell. And thus the hero returned an answer to her in a few words: 
 
 certa domus nulli; habitamus opacis lucis que 
 
 there is a certain abode to none; we inhabit the shady groves and 
 
 incolimus toros riparum et prata recentia rivis, 
 
 we rest upon the couches of the banks and meadows fresh with streanw, 
 
 sed si ita voluntas fert corde, vos superate hoc 
 
 but if tbus your will influences your heart, do you pass over this 
 
 jugum et sistam vos facili tramite. Dixit, et 
 
 height and I will place you in an easy path. He said, and 
 
 tulit gressum ante que desuper ostentat nitentes campos; 
 
 advanced his step before and from above shews the shining plains; 
 
 dehinc linquunt summa cacumina. At pater Anchises 
 
 then they leave the lofty summit of the mountain. But father Anchises
 
 180 680 
 
 lustrabat animas, penitus inclusas virenti convalle, que 
 
 urvey'd the souls, far off secluded in a green valley, aiidi 
 
 ituras ad superum lumen, recolens studio, que fortel 
 
 about to goto the upper light, reviewing with care, also by chance 
 
 recensebat omnem numerum suorum, que caros 
 
 be was counting all the number of his descendants, and dear 
 
 nepotes que fata que fortunas virorum, que meres 
 
 offspring and the fates and fortunes of the men, and their manonrt 
 
 que manus. 
 
 and action*. 
 
 Que is, ubi vidit jEnean tendentem adversum per 
 
 And be, when he beheld ./Eneas proceeding towards Am through! 
 
 gramina, alacris tetendit utrasque palmas, que lacrymi 
 
 the grass, joyful be stretched forth both his hands, and the tears 
 
 effusae genis, et vox excidit ore: 
 
 poured down his checks, and this speech proceeded from his inoutb: 
 
 Venisti tandem? que tua pietas, exspecta parenti, 
 
 Have you come at last? and has your piety, long experienced by your part-nt, 
 
 vicit durum iter? Nate, datur tueri tua ora, et 
 
 overcome the arduous journey? O son, it is allowed to behold your face, ami 
 
 audire, et reddere notas voces? Sic equidem dinumerans 
 
 to hear, and return well known words? Thus indeed counting 
 
 tempora ducebam animo, que rebar futurum; nee mea 
 
 the times I thought in my mind, and supposed it would be; nor has my 
 
 cura fefellit me. Quas terras, et per quanta 
 
 care disappointed me. Through, what lands, and through what extensive 
 
 aequora accipio te vectum, quantis periculis jactatum, 
 
 seas do I receive thce borne, by what great danger.-) tost, 
 
 nate: quam metui, ne regna Libyae nocerent tibi 
 
 O son: how have I feared, lest the kingdoms of Libya might injure you 
 
 quid. Autem ille Genitor tua, tua tristis imago 
 
 by some means. But he said O father your, your sad image- 
 
 occurrens saepius, adegit me tendere hrec limina. Classes 
 
 meeting me often, has farced mo to approach these mansions. The ships 
 
 stant Tyrrheno sale. Genitor, da jungere dextram, 
 
 remain in the Tyrrhene sea. O father, permit me to join my right hand 
 
 da; neque subtrahe te nostro amplexu. Sic 
 
 teitk yours, permit me; nor withdraw yourself from my embrace. Thus 
 
 memorans, simul rigabat ora largo fletu. 
 
 opeaking, at the same time he watered his face with abundant weeping. 
 
 Ibi ter conatus circumdare brachia collo; ter 
 
 There thrice ho attempted to throw his arms around his neck; thrice 
 
 imago frustra comprensa effugit manus, par levibus 
 
 his image in vain grasped escaped his hands, equal to the light 
 
 ventis, que simillima volucri somno. Tnterea ^Eneas 
 
 winds, and most like to a swift dream. In the mean time ./Eneas 
 
 videt seclusum nemus in reducta 1 valle, et virgulta sonantia 
 
 nehoMs a retired grove in a secluded valley, and shrubbery resounding
 
 181 705 
 
 ai sylvis, que Lethaeum amnem, qui pnenatat placidas 
 
 in the woods, and the Lethaean stream, which glides through the peaceful 
 
 domos. Innumerae gentes que populi volabant circum hunc 
 
 dwellings. Countless nations and people flew around this ricer 
 
 ac veluti in pratis, ubi apes insidunt yariis floribus 
 
 and as in the meadows, when bees sit on the varied flowers 
 
 f serena asstate, et funduntur circum Candida lilia, Dranis 
 
 "in the clear summer, and pour around the white lilies, all 
 
 campus strepit murmure. JSneas horrescit subito visu, 
 
 the plain buzzes with their murmur. ./Eneas shuddered at the sudden eight, 
 
 que inscius requirit causas; quaa sint porro ea flumina, 
 
 and unconscious inquires the causes; what may be moreover these streams, 
 
 quive viri compleverint ripas tanto agmine. Turn pater 
 
 or what men have filled the banks with so great a crowd. Then father 
 
 Anchises, Animae, quibus altera corpora debentur fato, 
 
 Anchises said, the souls, to which other bodies are destined by fate, 
 
 potant secures latices et longa qblivia ad undam 
 
 drink care-expelling waters and long forgetfulness at the wave 
 
 Lethsei fluminis. Equidem jampridem cupio memorare 
 
 of the Lethean stream. Indeed long si nee I desire to relate 
 
 tibi, atque ostendere has coram, et enumerare hanc 
 
 to you, 'and to show these things before you, and to count up thi 
 
 prolem meorum, quo roagis mecum laetere ItaliS. 
 
 progeny of my descendants, that the more ' with me you may rejoice Italy 
 
 repertd . O pater, anne est putandum .aliquas sublimes 
 
 being found. O father, whether is it to be thought that any exalted 
 
 animas. ire hinc ad ccelum, que iterum reverti ad tarda 
 
 souls go hence to heaven, and again to return to their sluggish 
 
 corpora? quae tarn dira cupido lucis miseris? 
 
 bodies? what so direful a desire of life is there to these wretched creatures? 
 
 Anchises suscipit: Equidem dicam, nee tenebo te 
 
 Auchises replied: Indeed I will declare, nor will I hold thee 
 
 suspensum, nate; atque pandit singula ordine. 
 
 in doubt, O son; and he laid open every thing in order 
 
 Principio, spiritus intus alit ccelum ac terras, que 
 
 In the first place, a spirit within cherishes the heaven and earth, and 
 
 liquentes campos, que lucentem globum Lunae, que 
 
 liquid plains, and the shining orb of the moon, and 
 
 Titania astra; que mens infusa per artus, agitat 
 
 Titanian stars; and intelligence diffused through their members, moves 
 
 totam molem, et miscet se magno corpore. Inde 
 
 the whole mass, and mingles itself with the great body. Thence 
 
 genus hominum, que pecudum, que vitse volantium qua 
 
 the race of men, and of flocks, and the lives of birds, whatever 
 
 raonstrae, pontus fert sub marmoreo sequore. Est 
 
 monsters, the sea produces beneath its marble surface. There is 
 
 igneus vigor et ccelestis origo ollis seminibus, quantam 
 
 a fiery strength and heavenly origin to these first principles, so much so that
 
 1C2 73 t 
 
 noxia corpora non tardant, que terreni artus que 
 
 destructive bodies do not clog them, and earthy limbs am 
 
 moribunda membra hebetant. Hinc metuunt, que cupiunt, 
 
 dying members blunt them. Hence they fear, and desire, 
 
 dolent que gaudent; neque respiciunt auras, clause 
 
 grieve and rejoice; nor do they behold the skies, shut uj 
 
 tenebris et caeco carcere. Quin et cum vita reliquit 
 
 in darkness and a blind prison. But also when life lias fc ft them 
 
 supremo lumine; tamen non omne malum, nee omnes corporeaa 
 
 with its last light; yet not every impurity, nor all corporeal 
 
 pestes funditus excedunt miseris; que est penitus 
 
 pollutions entirely departs from these unhappy creatures; and it is entirely 
 
 necesse multa diu concreta inolescere 
 
 necessary that many things for a long time compounded icith the soul should 
 
 miris modis. Ergo exercentur po3nis, 
 
 cling to it in wonderful modes. Therefore they are exercised by punishments, 
 
 que expendunt supplicia veterum malorum. Alia; 
 
 and they pay the penalties of their former sins. Othera 
 
 panduntur suspensae ad inanes ventos; infectum scelus 
 
 are hung up suspended to the empty winds; the unwrought wickedness 
 
 eluitur aliis sub vasto gurgite, aut exuritur igni. 
 
 is washed out from others under avast abyss, or is burnt up by fire, 
 
 Patimur quisque suos Manes (exinde mittimur per 
 
 We suffer each one of us in his own remains (then we are sent through 
 
 amplum Elysium; et pauci tenemus laeta arva,) donee 
 
 spacious Elysium; and a few hold these joyful fields,) until 
 
 longa dies exemit concretam labem, orbe temporis 
 
 long extended time has taken away the habitual stain, the circle of time 
 
 perfecto, que reliquit aetherium sensum purum, atque 
 
 being accomplished, and has left the etberial sense pure, and 
 
 ignem simplicis aurai. Deus evocat omnes has ubi 
 
 the fire of the simple soul. God calls all these when 
 
 volvre rotam per mille annos, ad Lethaeum fluvium 
 
 they had rolled the wheel for a thousand years, to the Lethean stream 
 
 magno agmine, scilicet ut immemores revisant 
 
 in a great band, so that unmindful of the past they might revisit 
 
 supera convexa, et rursus incipiant velle reverti in 
 
 the upper convex world, and again shall begin to wish to be restored to 
 
 corpora. Anchises dixerat; que trahit natum que Sibyllam 
 
 their bodies. Anchises said; and led his son and the Sibyl 
 
 un in medios conventus, que sonantem turbam; et capit 
 
 together into the midst of the asrcmbly, and the sounding crowd; and takes 
 
 tumulum, unde posset legere omnes adversos longo oidine, 
 
 the Uill, whence he can observe all those opposite in a long rank 
 
 et discere vultus venientium. Nunc, age, expediam 
 
 nnd learn th? countenances of those coming. Now, come on, I will unfold 
 
 dictis, quae gloria deinde sequatur Dardaniam prolem, qui 
 
 by words what glory hereafter shall follow the Trojan ac. what
 
 183 757 
 
 nepotes maneant de Itala gente, illustres animas, que 
 
 descendants remain from the Italian nation, illustrious souls, ami 
 
 ituras in nostrum nomen, et docebo te tua fata. 
 
 about logo to our name, and I will teach you your own fates.. 
 
 Ille juvenis, vides? qtii nititur pura hastd tenet proxi ma 
 
 That youth, do you see? who leans on his naked spear he holds the nearest 
 
 loca lucis sorte; primus, commixtus Italo sanguine, 
 
 places of light by lot; first, mingled with Italian blood, 
 
 surget, Sylvius, Albanum nomen, tua postuma proles; 
 
 shall arise, Sylvius, an Alban name, thy last offspring, 
 
 quern serum Lavinia conjux sylvis educet libi longsevo 
 
 whom late Lavinia your wife in the woods shall bear to you an aged man, 
 
 rege.m, que parentem regum; unde nostrum genus 
 
 himself a king, and a parent of kings; hence our race 
 
 dominabitur longa Alba. Ille proximus Procas, gloria 
 
 shall rule over long Alba. He next is Procas, the glory 
 
 Trojanae gentis; et Capys, et Numitor; et Sylvius ^Ericas, 
 
 of the Trojan race; and Capys, and Numitor; and Sylvius ^ncas, 
 
 qui reddet te nomine, pariter egregius pietate vel armis, 
 
 who shall represent thee by his name, equally renowned by piety or arms, 
 
 si unquam acceperit Albam regnandam. Qui juvenes, 
 
 if ever he shall receive Alba to govern. Which youths, 
 
 aspice, quantas vires ostentant! at qui gerunt tempora 
 
 behold, how great strength they shew! but those who wear their temples 
 
 umbrata civili quercu; hi Nomentum, et 
 
 shaded with a civic '. oaken crown: these skull build Nomentum, and 
 
 Gabios, que urbem Fidenam tibi; hi imponent Collatinas 
 
 Gabii, and the city Fidena for you; these shall place the Collatine 
 
 arces montibus, Pometios, que Castrum Inui, que Bolam, 
 
 lowers on the mountains, Pometii, and Castrum Inui, and- Bcla, 
 
 que Coram. Turn haec erunt homina, nunc sunt terras sine 
 
 and Cora. Then these shall be their names, now they are lands without 
 
 nomine. Quin et Mavortius Romulus, quern Ilia mater, 
 
 a name. But also Martial Romulus, whom Ilia the mother 
 
 sanguinis Assaraci educet, addet sese comitem 
 
 of the race of Assaracus shall bear, will add himself a companion 
 
 avo. Videsne, ut geminae cristae stant 
 
 lo his grandfather. Do you see, how two crests stand 
 
 vertice, et jam Pater Superorum ipse signat 
 
 on his head, and now the Father of the Gods himself distinguishes him 
 
 suo honore? En, nate, hujus auspiciis, ilia inclyta 
 
 with his own honour Lo, my son, by his auspices, this renowned 
 
 Roma asquabit imperium terris, animos Olympo; et una 
 
 Rome shall equal its empire to the earth, its courage to heaven; and at once 
 
 circumdabit septem arces sibi muro, felix prole virorum; 
 
 shall surround seven towers to itself by a wall, happy in a race of heroes; 
 
 jualis Berecynthia mater turrita invehitur curru per 
 
 the Berccynthian mother tutreted is borne in her chariot througl
 
 1&4 766 
 
 Phrygias urbes, laeta partu DeOm. complexa centum 
 
 the Phrygian cities, joyful in the birth of Gods, embracing an hundred 
 
 nepotes, omnes ccelicolas omnes tenentes supera 
 
 (rand children, all inhabitants of heaven, all holding exalted 
 
 alta. Hue, hue flecte gcminas acies aspice hanc 
 
 high place*. Here, here bend both your eyes behold. this 
 
 gentem, que tuos Romanes. Hie Caesar, et omnis 
 
 nation, and your own Romans. Here is Cesar, and all 
 
 progenies luli, ventura sub magnum axem cceli. Hie, 
 
 the race of lulus, about to come under the great axle of the sky. This. 
 
 hie est vir, quern ssepius audis promitti tibi, Augustus 
 
 linn is the man, whom often you hear is to be promised to you, Augustus 
 
 Caesar, genus Divi, qui rursus condet aurea secula 
 
 Cssar, the offspring of a God, who again shall build up the golden age 
 
 Latio, per arva quondam regnata Saturno, et 
 
 in Lalium, through lands formerly ruled by Saturn, and 
 
 proferet imperium super Garamantas et Indos: tellus 
 
 shall eitend his empire over the Garamantes and Indians: their land 
 
 jacet extra sidera, extra vias anni que solis, ubi 
 
 lies beyond the stars, without the ways of the year and the sun, where 
 
 coelifer Atlas humero torquet axem aptum ardentibus 
 
 heaven-bearing Atlas on his shoulder turns the heavens studded with hunting 
 
 stellis. In adventum hujus jam nunc et Caspia regna 
 
 stars. In the approach of him even now also the Caspian kingdoms 
 
 torrent responsis Divflm, et Maeotica tellus, et trepida 
 
 ebudder at the replies of the Gods, and the Mieotic land, and the trembling 
 
 ostia septemgemini Nili turbant. 
 
 mouths of sevenfold Nile are disturbed. 
 
 Nec vero Alcides obivit tantum telluris licet fixerit 
 
 Nor indeed did Hercules pass over so much land although he pierced 
 
 anipedem eervam, aut pacaverit nemora Erymaiithia, 
 
 the brassfooted hind or quieted the groves of E.^.-anthus 
 
 et tremefecerit Lernam , arcju: nee Liber, qui 
 
 and made to tremble Lerna with his bow: nor Bacchus, who 
 
 victor flectit juga pampineis habenis, agens 
 
 victorious guides his chariot with his-vine bound reins, driving 
 
 tigres de celso vertice Nysae. Et dubitamus adhuc 
 
 tigers from the lofty top of Nysa. And do we hesitate yet 
 
 extendere virtutem factis? aut metus prohibet consistere 
 
 to extend our virtue by deeds? or does fear forbid to settle 
 
 AusoniS terra? Autem quis ille procul insignis ramis 
 
 In the Ausonian land? But who is he afar off distinguished by branches 
 
 olivae, ferens sacra nosco crines que incana menta 
 
 of the olive, bearing sacred utensils, I know the locks and hoary chin 
 
 Roman! regis, qui primus fundabit urbem legibus, missus 
 
 n f the Roman king, who first shall found the city bylaws, sent 
 
 in magnum imperium parvis Curibus et paupere terra: 
 
 to great authority front little Cures. and from a poor land
 
 185 812 
 
 cui deinde Tullus subibit, qui rumpet otia patrias, 
 
 wnom afterwards Tullus shall succeed, and shall break the peace of his country, 
 
 que movebit resides viros in arma, et agmina jam 
 
 and shall move slothful men to arms, and troop? now 
 
 desueta triumphis; quern juxta jactantior Ancus sequitur, 
 
 unused to triumphs; whom nearly vain boasting Ancus follows, 
 
 jam nuncquoque nimium gaudens popularibus auris. Vis 
 
 even now also too much rejoicing in popular gales. Will 
 
 videre et Tarquinios reges, que superbam animam ulloris 
 
 you see also theTarquin kings, and the proud soul of the avenger 
 
 Bruti, que faces receptos? Hie primus accipiet 
 
 Brutus, and the rods recovered? He first shall receive 
 
 imperium consulis, que ssvas secures; que infelix pater, 
 
 the authority of a consul, and the cruel axes; and an unhappy father 
 
 pro pulchra libertate, vocabit natos, moventes nova bella, 
 
 for sweet liberty, shall call his sons, stirring up new wars, 
 
 ad pcenam: utcunque minores ferent ea facta, amor 
 
 to punishment: however posterity shall endure these acts, the love 
 
 patrifE, que immensa cupido laudum vincet. Quin 
 
 of country, and the immeasurable desire of praise shall conquer. But 
 
 aspice Decios, que Drusos procul, que Torquatum saevum 
 
 behold the Decii, and Drusi afar off, and Torquatus cruel 
 
 securi, et Camillum referentem signa Autem illae 
 
 with his axe, and Camillus bearing back the standards. But those 
 
 animae quas cernis fulgere in paribus armis, Concordes nunc 
 
 ghosts whom you see to shine in equal arms, harmonious now 
 
 et dum premuntur nocte, heu quantum bellum que 
 
 and while they are oppressed by night, alas how great a war an<* 
 
 quantas acies que stragem ciebunt inter se si 
 
 bow great battles and slaughter shall they stir up among themselves it 
 
 attigerint lumina vitae! socer descendens Alpinis 
 
 they should reach the light of life! the father-in-law descending from the Alpine 
 
 aggeribus, atque arce Monceci; gener instructus 
 
 mounds, and tower of Monecus; the son-in-law furnished with 
 
 Eois adversis. Pueri, ne, ne assuescite tanta bella 
 
 his eastern opposed soldiers. Young men do not, do not accustom so great wars 
 
 animas; neu vertite validas vires in viscera 
 
 to your minds; nor turn your powerful strength against the bowel* 
 
 patrise, que tu prior tu parce, qui ducis genus 
 
 ?f your country, and do you first do you forbear, who' derive your race 
 
 Olympo; projice tela manu, meus sanguis! 
 
 from heaven; throw away darts from your hand. Ctcsar! O my blood! 
 
 Ille, Corintho triumphatS., victoi aget currum ad 
 
 He, Corinth being triumphed over, victorious shall drive his chariot to 
 
 alta Capitolia, insignis caesis Achivis. Ille eruet 
 
 Che lofty Capitol, distinguished for slaughtered Greeks. He shall overturn 
 
 Argos, que Agamemnonias Mycenas, que ^Eaciden 
 
 Argos, "nd Agamemnon's Mycenas, and the descendant of Eacus
 
 186 84(1 
 
 ipsum, genus Achillei armipotentis ultus avos Trojae, 
 
 Inmseir, of the race of Achilles powerful in arms avenging the ancestors of Troy, 
 
 et temerata templa Minervae. Quis relinquat te taciturn, 
 
 nd the violated temple of Minerva. Who shall leave thee in silence, 
 
 magne Cato; aut te Cosse? quis genus Gracchi? aut 
 
 O great Cato; or theeOCossus? who the family of Gracchus? 01 
 
 geminos Scipiadas, duo fulmina belli, cladem Libyae; 
 
 the two Scipios, two thunderbolts of war, the destruction ofLybia; 
 
 que Fabricium potentem parvo? vel te serentem sulco, 
 
 and Fabricins powerful with a little? or thee sowing in the furrow 
 
 Serrane? Fabii, qub rapitis fessum? Tu es ille 
 
 O Serranus? Ye Fahii, whither do you bear me wearied' You are that 
 
 maximus, qui unus restitues rem nobis 
 
 Fabius, called the greatest, who alone restores our affaire to us 
 
 cunctando. Alii excudent mollius spirantia sera, 
 
 by delaying. Others may form more delicately the breathing trumpets, 
 
 equidem credo; ducent vivos vultus demarmore; 
 
 indeed I believe; they can draw out living countenances from marble; 
 
 orabunt causas melius; que describent mealus cceli 
 
 they shall plead causes better; ' und shall describe the wanderings of the sky 
 
 radio, et dicent surgentia sidera: tu, Romane 
 
 with a rod, and shall sing the rising constellations: thou, O Roman 
 
 memento regere populos imperio; hae erunt artes tibi; 
 
 remember to rule nations by your authority: these shall be arts for you; 
 
 que imponere morem pacis, parcere subjectis, et 
 
 and to impose the manner of peace, to spare the humble, and 
 
 debellare superbos. Pater Anchises sic, atque addit 
 
 war against the proud. Father Anchises spoke thus, and added 
 
 Jiaec mirantibus: Aspice ut Marcellus ingreditur 
 
 these tilings to them wondering: See how Marcellus walks along 
 
 insignis opimis spoliis, que victor supereminet omnes 
 
 distinguished by rich _spmis, and victorious towers above alt 
 
 viros! Hie eques sistet Romanam rem, magnotumultu 
 
 the men! He a knight shall place the Roman estate, a great tumult 
 
 turbante; sternet Pcenos, que rebellem Gallum; 
 
 raging, he shall prostrate the Carthaginians, and the rebellious Gaul* 
 
 que suspendet tertia capta arma patri Quirino. Atque 
 
 and shall hang up triple captured arms to father Uuirinus, And 
 
 hie jEneas (namque videbat juvenem egregium formS. 
 
 here Eneas tays (for he saw a youth distinguished for ne.uty 
 
 ct fulgentibus armis, ire una sed frons parum 
 
 and shining arms, to go together with him, but his front was little 
 
 Iseta, et lumina dejecto vultu.) Pater quis ille 
 
 Joyous, and his eyes were set in his dejected countenance.) O father who is he, 
 
 qui sic comitatur virum euntem? filius anne aliquis dc 
 
 who thus accompanies the hero departing! his son or some one of 
 
 magnS. stirpe nepotum? Quis strepitus comitum 
 
 .lie great race of bis grandchildren? What a noise of companion!
 
 187 665 
 
 area; quantum instar est in ipsch sed atra 
 
 around him; how much of likeness is there in him to the other! but black 
 
 nox circumvolat caput tristi umbra". Turn pater Anchises 
 
 night flies aroniul his head with its sad shade. Then father Anchises 
 
 ingressus lacryjmis oborti"' 6 nate, ne quaere ingentem 
 
 began (he tears arising: O son, do not inquire into the great 
 
 luctum tuorum: Fata tantum ostendent hunc terris, 
 
 grief of your friends: The fates only will show him on the earth, 
 
 que ne sinent esse ultra. Romana propago visa vobis, 
 
 and will not permit him to exist longer. The Roman stock would seem to you 
 
 Superi, nimium potens, si hsec dona fuissent propria. 
 
 O ye Gods, too powerful, if these gifts had been perpetual. 
 
 Quantos gemitus virum ille campus aget ad 
 
 What groans of men shall that plain send forth near to 
 
 magnam urbem Mavortis! vel quce funera, Tiberine, 
 
 the great city of Mars! or what deaths. O Tiber, 
 
 videbis cum praeterlabere recentem tumulum! Nee 
 
 shall you behold, when you shall glide by his fresh tomb! Nor 
 
 quisquam puer de Iliaca gente toilet Latinos avos in 
 
 did any boy from the Trojan nation exalt the Latin ancestors to 
 
 tantum spe; nee quondam Romula tellus jactabit 
 
 so great a height by hope; nor ever shall the Roman land boast 
 
 se tantum ullo alumno. Heu, pietas! heu, prisca 
 
 itself so much in any foster child. Alas, his piety! alas, his ancient 
 
 fides! que dextra invicta bello! non quisquam obvius 
 
 faith! and his right hand invincible in war! nor has any one encountering 
 
 tulisset se illi armato impune, seu cum pedes iret 
 
 presented: himself to him armed with impunity, either when on foot he went 
 
 in hostem, seu foderet armos spumantis equi 
 
 aguinst the foe, or pierced the flanks of his foaming horse 
 
 calcaribus. Heu puer miserande! si qua 
 
 with his spurs. Alas hoy to be pitied! if by any moans 
 
 rumpas aspera fata, tu eris Marcellus. Date lilia 
 
 you can break through cruel fate, you shall he Marcellus. Give lilies 
 
 plenis manibus; spargam purpureos floras, que saltern 
 
 with full hands; let me scatter purple flowers, and at least 
 
 accumulem animam nepotis his donis, et fungar 
 
 let me heap on the shade of my grandchild with these gifts, and let me perform 
 
 inani munere. Sic vagantur passim tota" regione 
 
 this useless duty. Thus they wander every where through the whole region 
 
 in latis campis aeris, atque lustrant omnia; per quce 
 
 in the broad plains of air, and they survey all things; through whicli 
 
 singula,' postquam Anchises duxit natum, que incendit 
 
 particulars, after Anchises had led bis son, and had inflamed 
 
 animum amore venientis famae, exin memorat viro 
 
 his mind with the love of approaching fame, then he relates to the hero 
 
 qu<p bella deinde gerenda; que docet 
 
 what wars afterwards were to be waged; and instructs h\m respecting
 
 188 891 
 
 Laurcntes populos, que urbem Latini; et quo modo que 
 
 the Laurcntian people, and the city of Latinus; and by what modo he both 
 
 fugiat que ferat quemque laborcm. Sunt geminae porlae 
 
 shall shun and shall bear each labour. Tbcreare two gate. 
 
 Somni; quarum altera fertur cornea, qus\ facilis exitus 
 
 of Sleep; of which the one is said to be of horn, by which an easy departure 
 
 datur veris umbris: altera nitens, pertecta candenli 
 
 is given to true shades: the other glittering, wrought with shining 
 
 elephanto; sed Manes mittunt falsa insomnia ad cerium. 
 
 vory; but the infernal Gods send forth false visions to the upper world. 
 
 Turn ubi Anchises prosequitur natum que Sibyllam una\ 
 
 Then when Anchises had followed up his son and the Sybil together 
 
 his dictis, que emittit eburnd portS, ille secai 
 
 with these words, and had sent them out by the ivory door, the Aero directs 
 
 viam ad naves, que revisit socios; turn fert se 
 
 bis way to the shins, and revisits his associates; then he bears himself 
 
 recto litore ad portum Caietae. Anchora jacitur de 
 
 along the direct shore to the harbour of Caieta. The anchor is cast from 
 
 prora, puppes slant litore. 
 
 the prow, the ships remain by the shore. 
 
 JENEID. 
 BOOK SEVENTH. 
 
 Tu quoque Caieta, ^Eneianutrix,moriens dedisti aeternam 
 
 THOU also O Caieta, ^Eneas' nurse, dying hast given eternal 
 
 famam nostris litoribus; nunc tuus honos servat sedem, 
 
 fame to our shores; now your honour preserves this situation, 
 
 que nomen signat ossa in magnS. Hesperid, si ea est 
 
 and the name points out your bones in great Italy; if this is 
 
 qua gloria. At pius ^Eneas exsequiis rite solutis, 
 
 any glory. But pious ./Eneas the funeral rites in order being performed, 
 
 aggere tumuli composite, postquam alta aequora 
 
 the mound of the tomb being adjusted, after the deep water* 
 
 quieverunt, tendit her velis, que relinquit 
 
 had become calm, directs his course by the sails, and leaves 
 
 portum. Aurae aspirant in noctem; nee Candida luna 
 
 the harbor. The breezes favour him at night; nor does the bright moon 
 
 negat cursum; pontus splendet sub tremulo lumine. 
 
 ppose his progress; the sea shines beneath her trembling light. 
 
 Litora proxima Circaeae terrae raduntur; ubi dives 
 
 The shores nearest to the Circean land are coasted along; where the rich
 
 189 11 
 
 filia Solis resonat inacessos lucos assiduo 
 
 laughter of the sun resounds through the impervious groves whfl unremitting 
 
 cantu, :que superbis tectis urit odoratum cedrum in 
 
 cong, and in ber august palace burns odorous cedar for 
 
 nocturna lumina, percurrens tenues telas arguto 
 
 nocturnal lights, running over ber light web with her shrill sounding 
 
 pecfine. Hinc gemitus exaudiri, que irae leonum 
 
 shuttle. Hence groans began to be heard, and the rage of lions 
 
 recusantium vincla, et rudentium sub ser& nocte; que 
 
 refusing their chains, and roaring in the late night; and 
 
 setigeri sues atque ursi saevire in praesepibus, ac forme 
 
 bristly boars and bears growl in their cells, and the forms 
 
 magnorum luporum ululare; quos saeva Dea -Circe 
 
 of great wolves howl; whom the dread Goddess Circe 
 
 potentibus herbis induerat ex facie hominum in 
 
 by powerful plants had changed from the appearance of men into 
 
 vultus ac terga ferarum; quae talia monstra ne pii 
 
 the aspect and limbs of wild beasts; which like prodigies lest the pious 
 
 Troes, delati in portus, paterentur, neu subirent 
 
 Trojans, borne to these harbours, might endure, or enter 
 
 dira litora; Neptunus implevit vela secundis ventis, 
 
 these direful shores; Neptune had filled their sails with prosperous winds, 
 
 atque dedit fugam, et vexit praeter fervida 
 
 and had aided their flight, and had carried them beyond the glowing 
 
 vada. Que jam mare rubescebat radiis, et 
 
 shallows. And now the sea blushed with the rays of the swn, and 
 
 lutea Aurora fulgebat in roseis bigis ab alto aethere; 
 
 the saffron Morning shone in her roseate chariot from the lofty sky; 
 
 cum venti posuere que omnis flatus repente 
 
 when the winds laid aside their violence and every blast suddenly 
 
 resedit et tonsae luctantur in lento marmore. Atque hie 
 
 ceas'd and the oars struggle in the gentle surface of the sea.. And here 
 
 JEneas prospicit ingentem lucum ex aequore. Inter hunc 
 
 /Eneas beholds a great grove from the sea. In the midst of tlii,s 
 
 Tiberinus amoeao fluvio, rapidis vorticibus, et flavus 
 
 the Tiber with its pleasant stream, with swift whirlpools, and yellow 
 
 multaT. arena, prorumpit in mare, que circum que supra 
 
 with much sand, rushes forward into the sea, and around and above 
 
 varise volucres assuetae ripis, et alveo fluminis, mulcebant 
 
 various birds accustom'd to the bank, and channel of the river, soothed 
 
 sethera cantu, que volabant luco. Imperat sociis 
 
 the air with their song, and flew about the grove. He orders his associates 
 
 flectere iter, que advertere proras terras; et lastus 
 
 to direct their course, and to turn their prows to the land; and joyful 
 
 succedit opaco fluvio. Nunc age, Erato expediam 
 
 he enters the dark stream. Now come, Erato, muse of love, I will explain 
 
 qui reges, quse tempora, quis status rerum fuerif 
 
 who were the kings, what times, what condition of things has bcei-
 
 J90 39 
 
 antiquo Latio, cum primum advena exercitus appulit 
 
 in ancient Lacium, when first a strange army brought 
 
 classem Ausoniis oris; et revocabo exordia primas 
 
 their fleet to the Ausonian shore*; and I will recall the commencement of the first 
 
 pugnse. 
 
 battle. 
 
 Tu, tu, Diva, mone vatem. Dicam horrida bella, 
 
 Thou, thou, O Goddess, advise yov- poet. I will sing of dreadful wars, 
 
 dicam acies, que reges actos animis in funera. que 
 
 I will sing of armies, and kings driven by their passions to death, and 
 
 Tyrrhenammanum que totam Hesperian coactam sub arma. 
 
 the Tuscan band and all Italy united under arms. 
 
 Major ordo rerum nascitur mihi; moveo majus opus. Rex 
 
 A greater order of things arises to me; I undertake a greater work. King 
 
 Latinus, jam senior, regebat arva, et placidas urbes in 
 
 Latinus, now an old man, ruled the fields, and peaceful cities in 
 
 longd pace. Accipimus hunc genitum Fauno, et 
 
 Inns; continued peace. We receive him descended from Faunus, and 
 
 Maricd Laurente Nympha. Picus pater Fauno; que is 
 
 Marica a Laurcntian Nymph. Picus teas father to Faunus; and he 
 
 refert te parentem, Saturne; tu ultimus auctor 
 
 declares thee his parent, O Saturn; thou art the most distant founder 
 
 sanguinis. Fuit huic filius, fato Divflm, que nulla virilis 
 
 of his race. There was to him no son, by the decree of the Gods, and no male 
 
 proles, que oriens erepta est prima juventa. 
 
 offspring, and each one growing up was snatched away in the first dawn of youth. 
 
 Sola filia servabat domum et tantas sedes, jam matura 
 
 An only daughter preserved his house and these large seats, now ripe 
 
 viro, jam nubilis plenis annis. Multi petebant illam 
 
 for a husband, now marriageable with full years. Many sought her 
 
 e magno Latio, que totS. Ausonid. Turnus petit, 
 
 from great Latium, and all Ausonia. Turnus sought her, 
 
 pulcherrimus ante omnes alios, potens avis que 
 
 the most beautiful before all others, powerful in grandfathers and 
 
 atavis, quern regia conjux properabat miro amore 
 
 great grandfathers, whom the royal spouse hastened with wonderful love 
 
 adjungi generum: sed portenta Defim 
 
 to be joined to ner daughter as a son-in-law: but the prodigies of the Gods 
 
 obstant variis terroribus. Erat laurus medio tecti, 
 
 oppose with various terrors. There was a laurel in the midst of the palace, 
 
 in altis penetralibus, sacra comam, que servata metu 
 
 in the deep recesses, sacred as to its foliage, and preserved through fear 
 
 per multos annos; quam inventam pater Latinus ipse 
 
 for many years; which irhcn discovered father Latinus himself 
 
 forebatur sacrasse Phrebo, cum conderet primas arces, 
 
 is said to have consecrated to. Apollo, when he built the first towers, 
 
 que posuisse nomen Laurentis colonis ab e&. Dens 
 
 ami to have established their name to the Laurentian colonists from it. Thick
 
 191 65 
 
 apes (mirabile dictu) vectae ingenti stridore trans 
 
 gathering bees (wonderful to be told) borne on with great noise across 
 
 liquidum aethera, obsedere summum apicem hujus et 
 
 the clear sky, settled down on the highest summit of it and 
 
 pedibus nexis per mutua, subitum examen pependit 
 
 with feet connected together, a sudden swarm hung down 
 
 frondente ramo. Continuo vates mquit: Cernimus 
 
 from the leafy branch. Immediately the prophet said: We behold 
 
 externum virum adventare, et agmen petere easdem partes 
 
 a foreign man to approach, and an army to seek the same parts 
 
 ex fsdem partibus, et dominari summS. arce. Prasterea 
 
 from the same parts, and to rule in the lofty palace. Besides 
 
 dum virgo Lavinia adolet altaria castis taedis, et adstat 
 
 while the maid. Lavinia perfumes the altars with chaste torches, and stands 
 
 juxta genitorem, visa nefas! comprendere ignem 
 
 near to her father, she seemed O horrible! to catch the fire 
 
 longis crinibus, atque cremari omnem ornatum 
 
 with her long hair, and to be burnt in all her ornaments 
 
 crepitante flamma; que accensa regales comas, accensa 
 
 in the noisy flame; and inflamed as to her royal locks, inflamed 
 
 coronam insignem gemmis; turn fumida involvi 
 
 stoher crown distinguished with jewels; then covered with smoke to be involved 
 
 fulvo lumine, ac spargere Vulcanum totis tectis. 
 
 in dazzling light, and to scatter fire through the whole palace. 
 
 Id vero ferri horrendum, ac mirabile visu; namque 
 
 This indeed is esteemed terrible, and wonderful to be seen; for 
 
 canebant ipsam fore illustrem famd que fatis, sed 
 
 they foretold that she would be illustrious by fame and fates, but 
 
 portendere magnum bellum populo. At rex, solicitus 
 
 threatened great war to the people. But the king, anxious 
 
 monstris, adit oracula Fauni fatidici genitoris, 
 
 for these prodigies, went to the oracles of Faunus the fate-declaring father, 
 
 que consulit lucos sub aM Albunea, quas, maxima 
 
 and consults the groves beneath lofty Albunea, which the greatest 
 
 memorum, sonat sacro fonte, que opaca exhalat 
 
 of groves, resounds with a sacred fountain, and dark breaths forth 
 
 saevam mephitim. Hinc Italae gentes, que omnis CEnotria 
 
 a cruel stench. Hence the Italian nations, and all the CEnolrian 
 
 tellus, petunt responsa in dubiis. Cum sacerdos tulit 
 
 land, seek replies in their doubts. When the priest had brought 
 
 dona hue et incubuit stratis pellibus caesarum ovium sub 
 
 gifts here and lay down on spread skins of slain sheep in 
 
 silenti nocte, que petivit somnos; videt multa simulacra 
 
 the still night, and had sought sleep; he beholds many ghosts 
 
 volitantia miris modis, et audit varies voces, que 
 
 flying about in a wonderful manner, and hears various voices, and 
 
 fruitur colloquio Deorum, atque affatur Acheronta imis 
 
 tnjoys the converse of the Gods, and addresses Acheron in the deepcsf
 
 192 <fe 
 
 Avernis. Turn hie et pater Latinus ipse, petens responsa 
 
 regions below Then here even lather Latinus .himself, seeking replies 
 
 mactabat rite centum lanigeras bidentes, atque jaceba* 
 
 sacrificed in order an hundred wool-bearing sheep, and lay 
 
 eflultus tergo que stratis velleribus harum. Subita vox 
 
 tupported on the skins and spread fleeces of these. A sudden voice 
 
 est reddita ex alto luco, O mea progenies, ne pete 
 
 t# sent forth from the deep grove, O my offspring, do not seek 
 
 sociare natam Latinis connubiis neu crede paratis 
 
 to unite your daughter in Latin wedlock, nor trust to prepared 
 
 thalamis. Extern! generi venient qui ferent nostrum 
 
 marriage rites. Foreign sons-in-law shall come who shall raise our 
 
 nomen in astra sanguine, que a stirpe quorum nepotes 
 
 name to the stars by their blood, and from the stock of whom our offspring 
 
 videbunt omnia que verti que regt sub pedibus, qu4 
 
 i-hall see all things both subdued and ruled beneath their feet, where 
 
 recurrens sol aspicit utrumque oceanum. Latinus ipse 
 
 the reluming sun beholds each ocean. Latinus himself 
 
 non premit suo ore haec responsa patris Fauni, que 
 
 does not confine in his mouth these responses of father Faunus, and 
 
 monitus datos silenti nocte; sed jam fama, volitans late 
 
 admonitions given inthesilcnt night; but now fame, flying far 
 
 circum, tulerat per Ausonias urbes, cum Laomedontia 
 
 around, had borne them through the Ausonian cities, when the Laomedon 
 
 pubes religavit classem ab gramineo aggere ripae. 
 
 youth had fastened the fleet nearby the grassy mound of the bank. 
 
 /Eneas, que primi duces, et pulcher lulus, deponunt 
 
 /Cntas, and the chief leaders, and beautiful lulus, recline 
 
 corpora sub ramis altae arboris; que instituunt dapes, 
 
 their bodies beneath the branches of a high tree; and prepare a feast, 
 
 et per herbam subjiciunt adorea liba epulis, (sic Jupiter 
 
 and along the grass they place fine wheaten cakes for food, (thus Jupiter 
 
 ipse monebat,) et augent Cereale solum agrestibus 
 
 himself admonished them) and they heap Ceres' soil with rustic 
 
 pomis Hie forte aliis consumptis, ut penuriaedendi 
 
 fruits. Here by chance other things being consumed as scarcity of food 
 
 adegit vertere morsus in exiguam Cererem, et 
 
 compelled them to turn their teeth upon the small cake, and 
 
 violare orbem fatalis crusti manu, que audacibus malis 
 
 to break the crust of the fated cake with their hands, and greedy jaws, 
 
 nec parcere patulis quadris; lulus alludens inquit, Heus! 
 
 nor to spare the broad quadrants; lulus sporting said. Ho! 
 
 consumimus etiam mensas; nec plura. Ea vox 
 
 we consume also our tables; nor did he fay more. This word 
 
 audita prima tulit finem laborum; que pater eripuit 
 
 being heard first brought an end of their labours; and his father took it up 
 
 primam ab ore loquentis; ac stupefactus numine 
 
 first from the mouth of Aim speaking; and astonished by the divine impulse
 
 193 120 
 
 prosit Continue Salve, tellus debita mihi fatis, 
 
 restrained his voice. Forthwith he cried Hail, land destined to nie by the fates, 
 
 que vos salvete, 6 fidi Penates Trqjae! Hie domus, 
 
 and ye hail, O faithful household Gods of Troy! This is our house, 
 
 haec est patria. Genitor Anchises (namque nunc 
 
 this is our country. My father Anchises (for now 
 
 repeto) reliquit talia arcana fatorum mihi. Nate, cum 
 
 I call it to mind left such secrets of the fates to me. O son, when 
 
 fames coget te, vectum ad ignota litora, consumere 
 
 fmnger shall compel thee, borne to unknown shores, to consume 
 
 mensas, dapibus accisis, turn defessus memento 
 
 your tables, your food being eaten' up, then weaned out remember 
 
 sperare domos, que ibi locare prima tecta manu, 
 
 to hope for homes, and then place your .first dwellings with your hands, 
 
 que moliri aggere. Hsec erat ilia fames, haec 
 
 and fortify them by a wall. This was that famine, these 
 
 suprema manebant nos positura modum exitiis. 
 
 \aslcircumstanccs remained to us about to place an end to our sorrows. 
 
 Quare agite, et, cum primo lumine solis, lasti vestigemus 
 
 Wnerefore come on, and, with the first light of the sun, joyful let us search 
 
 quB loca, ve qui homines habeant, ubi moenia 
 
 what places these are, or what men hold them, where are the cities 
 
 gentis, et petamus diversa a portu. Nunc libate 
 
 of the nation, and let us seek different ways from the harbour. Now pour out 
 
 pateras Jovi, que vocate Anchisen genitorem precibus, et 
 
 goblets to Jupiter, and invoke Anchises my father by prayers, and 
 
 reponite vina mensis. Sic effatus, deinde, implicat 
 
 replace wine on the tables. Thus having spoken, next, he binds 
 
 tempora frondenti ramo, et precatur que Genium loci, 
 
 his temples with a leafy branch, and entreats both the Genius of the place, 
 
 que Tellurem primam Deorum, que Nymphas, et flumina 
 
 and the earth the first of the Gods, and the Nymphs, and the streams 
 
 adhuc ignota; turn invocat Noctem, que orientia signa 
 
 as yet unknown; then he invokes Night, and the rising constellations 
 
 jioctis, que Idaeum Jovem, que Phrygiam matrem 
 
 of night, and Idean Jupiter, and the Trojan mother Cydele, 
 
 ex ordine, et duplices parentes que Coelo que Erebo. Hie 
 
 in order, and his double parents both in heaven and in hell. Hero 
 
 omnipotens pater intonuit ter clarus ab alto ccelo, que 
 
 the almighty . father thundered thrice clearly from the lofty heaven, and 
 
 ,pse ostendit ab aethere nubem ardentem radiis lucis et 
 
 he exhibits from the sky a cloud glowing with rays of light and 
 
 auro, quatiens manu. Hie subito rumor diditur 
 
 with gold, brandishing with his hand. Here suddenly a report is spread 
 
 per Trojana agmina, diem advenisse, quo condant 
 
 through the Trojan troops, that the day had arrived, when they should build 
 
 debita mcenia. Certatim instaurant epulas, atque lacti 
 
 the destined walls. Eagerly they renew the feast, and rejoicing
 
 194 146 
 
 magno omme statuunt crateras, et coionant vina. Cum 
 
 in the great omen they place (he goblets, and crown the wine. When 
 
 postera dies orta lustrabat terras primd lampade, 
 
 the next day arising surveyed the earth with its first light, 
 
 diversi explorant urbem, et fines, et litora 
 
 separating they explore the city, and boundaries, and shore* 
 
 gentis: haec stagna fontis Numici, hunc fluvium 
 
 of the nation: these are the pools of the fountain Numicus, this the river 
 
 Tybrim, fortes Latinos habitare hie. Turn satus 
 
 Tyber, the brave Latins dwell here. Then he descended 
 
 AnchisA, jubet centum oratores, delectos ab omni 
 
 from Anclnsos, commands an hundred orators, chosen from every 
 
 ordine, ire ad augusta mcenia regis, omnes velatos 
 
 rank, logo to the proud walls of the king, all veiled 
 
 ramis Palladis; que ferre dona viro, que exposcere 
 
 with the branches of Minerva; and to bear gifts to the hero, and ask 
 
 pacem Teucris. Haud moca: jussi festinant, que 
 
 peace for the Trojans. There is no delay: commanded they hasten, and 
 
 feruntur rapidis passibus: ipse designat moema 
 
 are borne on with rapid steps: JEneas himself marks nut the walls 
 
 humili fossd, que molitur locum, que cingit primas 
 
 with an humble ditch, and plans out the place, and surrounds the first 
 
 sedes in litore pinnis, atque aggere in morem 
 
 seats upon the shore with pickets, and a rampart in the manner 
 
 castrorum: que jam juvenes, emensi iter, 
 
 of camps: and now the young men, having measured their way, 
 
 cernebant turres ac ardua tecta Latinorum; que subibant 
 
 beheld the turrets and lofty roofs of the Latins, and approached 
 
 jnuro. Ante urbem pueri, et juventus primsevo flore, 
 
 the wall. Before the city boys, and youth in primeval bloom, 
 
 exercentur equis, que domitant currus m pulvere aut 
 
 are exercised on horses, and guide chariots in the dust or 
 
 tendunt acres arcus, aut contorquent lenta spicula 
 
 stretch their strong bows, or hurl their slender darts 
 
 lacertis, que lacessunt cursu que ictu, cum 
 
 with their arms, and challenge each other in the rare and in striking, when 
 
 nuncius, praevectus equo, reportat ad aures, longaevi regis, 
 
 a messenger, borne before on a horse, reports to the ears, of the a;ed king. 
 
 ingentes viros advenisse in ignotd veste. Ille imperat 
 
 that great men had come in an unknown dress. He commands Mm 
 
 vocari intra tecta, et consedit medius avito solio. 
 
 to be called within the palace, and sat down in the midst on his ancient throne. 
 
 Fuit augustum tectum, ingens, sublime centum columnis, 
 
 TArrewas a proud palace, large, high with an hundred columns, 
 
 summS. urbe, regia Laurentis Pici, horrendum 
 
 in the highest part of the city, the royal abode of Laurentian Picus, dreaded 
 
 sylvis et religione parentum. Erat omen 
 
 for its woods and the superstition of the fathers oftkt nations. It was a usage
 
 195 174 
 
 regibus accipere sccptra hie, et attollere primes fasces: 
 
 to kings to receive their sceptres here, and to take the first badges of power; 
 
 noc templum, curia illis; has sedes sacris epulis: 
 
 this was a temple, this a senate-house to them; these their stints for sacred feasts; 
 
 hie patres, ariete caeso, solid considere perpetuis 
 
 hero tlio fathers, a ram being slain, were accustomed to sit at their long 
 
 mensis. 
 
 tables. 
 
 Quin etiam effigies veterum avorum ex ordine. 
 
 Hut also the images of their ancient forefathers in order of 
 
 antiqua ccdro; que Italus que pater Sabinus, que senex 
 
 Ancient cedar; and Italua and father Sabnuis, and old 
 
 Saturnus, vitisator, servans curvam falcem sub imagine: 
 
 Saturn the viiieplanter, holding a crooked sickle beneath his image; 
 
 que imago bifrontis Jani adstabant vestibule: que alii 
 
 and the figure of the two-faced Janus stood in the porch: and other 
 
 reges ab origine, qui .passi martiavulnerapugnando 
 
 kings from the origin of the race, who had suffered martial wounds infighting 
 
 ob patriam que multa arma praeterea. pendent in sacris 
 
 for their country and many arms besides hang on the sacred 
 
 postibus, captivi currus que curyas secures, et cristre 
 
 posts, captive chariots and crooked axes, and crests 
 
 capitum, et ingentia claustra portarum, que spicula, que 
 
 of tlieirhcads, and great bars of gates, and darts, and 
 
 clypei, que rostra erepta carinis. Picus ipse, domitoi 
 
 unit/Ms, and prows torn from ships. Picus himself, the tamer 
 
 equftm, sedebat Quirinali lituo, que succinctus parva 
 
 of horses, eat with his augurial wand, and girt with a short 
 
 trabed, que gerebat ancile Ia3va quern percussum 
 
 robe, and he bore a shield in his left hand whom struck 
 
 aurea virga que versum venenis, conjux Circe, capta 
 
 with a golden wand and changed by poisons, his wife Circe, overcome 
 
 cupidine fecit avem, que sparsit alas coloribus. Latinus 
 
 by lust had made a bird, and specked his wings with colours. Latinus 
 
 sedens intus tali templo Divum, que patriot sede 
 
 pitting within this temple of the Gods, and on his paternal seat 
 
 vocavit Teucros ad sese in tecta; atque prior placido 
 
 called the Trojans to him within the palace; and first with mild 
 
 ore edidit haec ingressis: Dardanidae enim neque 
 
 address he uttered these words to them having entered: Ye Trojans for neither 
 
 nescimus et urbem, et genus, que auditi 
 
 are we ignorant both of your city, and race, and we have heard 
 
 advertitis cursum aBquore, dicite quid petitis? qua? 
 
 that you have turned your course hither on the sea, say what do you seek? wha* 
 
 causa vexit rates aut egentes cujus ad Ausonium 
 
 cause has borne your ships or wanting what have you come to (he Aus^nian 
 
 litus per tot cnarula vada? Sive acti errore via?, 
 
 shore through so many azure waves? Whether driven by mistake of your way
 
 196 ioy 
 
 sive tempestatibus (multa qualia nautae patiuntur in alto 
 
 or by tempests (many such calamities sailors endure on the deep 
 
 man) intravistis ripas fluminis que sedetis portu; 
 
 ea) you have entered the banks of the river, and have settled in our harbour; 
 
 ne fugite hospitium, neve ignorate Latinos, gentem 
 
 do not avoid our friendship, nor be ignorant of the Latins, a race 
 
 Saturni, sequam baud vinculo nee legibus, sua sponte, 
 
 of Saturn, just with no bonds nor laws, ruled by their own will, 
 
 que tenentem se more veteris Dei. Atque 
 
 and restraining themselves by the law of their ancient God. And 
 
 equidem memini (fama est obscurior annis) Auruncos 
 
 indeed I remember (report is more obscure by years) thai the Autuiicnn 
 
 senes ferre ita, ut Dardanus, ortus his agris, penetravit 
 
 old men relate thus, that Dardanus, sprung from these territories, penetrated 
 
 ad Idaeas urbes Phrygiae que Thraciam Samum, quae nunc 
 
 to the Idea n cities ofPhrygia and Thracian Samoa, which now 
 
 fertur Samothracia. Nunc aurea regia stellantis coeli 
 
 U called Samothracia. Now the golden palace of the starry heaven 
 
 accipit ilium solio, profectum hinc ab TyrrhenS. sede 
 
 has received him on its throne, having departed hence from his Tuscan seat 
 
 Coriti, et altaribus auget numerum Divorum. Dixerat, 
 
 of Coritus, and by his altars he augments the number of the Gods. He said, 
 
 et Ilioneus secutus dicta voce sic: Rex, egregium 
 
 and Ilioneus followed in these words with his voice thus: O King, renowned 
 
 genus Fauni nee atra hiems subegit actos fluctibus, 
 
 offspring of Faunus neither 1 the dark tempest compelled us driven by the waves, 
 
 succedere vestris terris; nee sidus ve litus fefellit 
 
 to approach your lands: nor the constellation or the shore deceived u 
 
 regione vise. Omnes afferimur hanc urbera consilio 
 
 from the region of the way. We all are borne to this city by design 
 
 que volentibus animis; pulsi regnis quae sol veniens 
 
 and willing minds; banished from realms which the sun approaching 
 
 extremo Olympo, aspiciebat quondam maxima. 
 
 from the extremity of heaven, beheld formerly the greatest. 
 
 Principium generis ab Jove; Dardana pubes gaudet 
 
 The origin of our race is from Jove; the Trojan youth rejoice in 
 
 Jove avo rex ipse, Troius ^Eneas de supremS, 
 
 Jove their ancestor our king himself, Trojan /Eneas sprung from the high 
 
 gente Jovis, misit nos ad tua limina. Quanta tempesfas 
 
 race of Jupiter, sent us to your palace. How great a storm 
 
 effusa ssevis Mycenis, ierit per Idseos campos, quibus 
 
 let loose from dread Mycena;, has passed over the Ideau plains, by what 
 
 falis uterque orbis Europae atque Asiae concurrent audivit, 
 
 fates each circle of Europe and Asia has conflicted he has lieard. 
 
 et si quem extrema tellus submovet refuso oceano* 
 
 It tuck (tore be whom the most remote laud has removed by the intervening ocean.
 
 107 227 
 
 ct si quern plaga iniqui solio extenta in medio 
 
 and whom the region of the unequal sun stretching into the midst 
 
 quatuorplagarum dirimit. 
 
 01" f>ur climates has separated. 
 
 Vecti ex illo diluvio per tot vasta asquora; rogamus 
 
 Borne from this deluge through so many extended seas, we ask 
 
 exiguam sedem, que innocuum litus patriis Dis, el 
 
 a small settlement, and a safe shore for our country Gods, and 
 
 que undam que auram patentem cunctis. Non erimus 
 
 both water and air open to all. We will not be 
 
 indecores regno; nee vestra faraa feretur levis, 
 
 disgraceful to your kingdom, nor shall your fame be esteemed light, 
 
 que gratia tanti facti abolescet: nee pigebit Ausonios 
 
 and the favour of so great a deed be effaced: nor shall it repent the Ausonians 
 
 excepisse Trojam gremio. Juro per fata ^Eneoe, 
 
 to have received Troy to their bosoms. I swear by the fates of ^Eneas, 
 
 que potentem dextram, sive quis expertus est fide, 
 
 and his powerful right hand, whether any one has experienced it in faith 
 
 seu bello, et armis; multi populi, multae gentes (ne 
 
 or in war, and arms; many people, many nations (do not 
 
 temne qubd ultro praeferimus vittas manibus et 
 
 despise us because willingly we bear before us fillets in our hands and 
 
 verba precantia) et petiere, et voluere adjungere 
 
 words entreating peace) both have sought, and have wished to unite us 
 
 sibi. Sed fata Deum egere nos suis 
 
 to themselves. But the fates of the Gods have compelled us by their 
 
 imperils exquirere vestras terras. Dardanus ortus hinc, 
 
 commeinds to seek your lands. Dardanus sprung from hence, 
 
 repetit hue, que Apollo urget ingentibus jussis ad 
 
 returns here, and Apollo urges us by his great commands to 
 
 Tyrrhenum Tybrim, et sacra vada fontis Numici. 
 
 the Tuscan Tyber, and the sacred streams of the fountain Numicus. 
 
 Prseterea dat tibi parva munera prioris fortunjc, reliquias 
 
 Besides he gives to you small presents of his former fortune, relics 
 
 receptas ex ardente Trojd. Pater Anchises libabat 
 
 recovered from burning Troy, Father Anchises performed libations 
 
 ad aras hoc auro: hoc erat gestamen Priami cum 
 
 nl the altars from this golden bowl: this was the sceptre of Priam when 
 
 daret jura populis vocatis more, que sceptrum 
 
 he gave laws to the people convoked in their manner, and a mace 
 
 que sacer tiaras, que vestes, labor Iliadum. Talibus 
 
 and sacred crown, and dresses, the labour of Trojan matrons. With such 
 
 dictis Hionei, Latinus tenet ora defixa obtutu, 
 
 words of Ilionius. Latinus holds his countenance fixed in firm regard, 
 
 que haeret immobilis solo, volvens intentos oculos. 
 
 and remains unmoved on the ground, rolling his attentive eyes. 
 
 Nec picta purpura movet regem, nee Piiameia 
 
 Neither the painted purple moves the king, nor does I'uam'i
 
 196 252 
 
 sceptra movent eum tantum, quantum moratur in 
 
 MM'pire move him so much. as be dwells upon 
 
 connubio que thalamo natse, et volvit sortem 
 
 the marriage and marriage rites of his daughter, and he revolves the lot 
 
 veteris Fauni sub pectore: hunc ilium generum 
 
 of ancient Faunufl in his heart: that this is the son-in-law 
 
 profectum ab extern^ sede fatis portendi, que vocari 
 
 proceeding from a remote seat by the fates foretold, and call'd 
 
 pnnbus auspiciis in regna; hinc futuram progeniem 
 
 bv equal auspices to his kingdom; that hence would be a race 
 
 egregiam virtute et quas viribus occupet totum orbem. 
 
 renowned for courage and which by power shall possess the whole globe 
 
 Tandem laetus ait: Di secundent nostra incepta, 
 
 At length joyful he says: May the Gods favour our undertaking, 
 
 que suum augurium. Trojane, dabitur quod 
 
 nd their own augury. O Trojan, it shall be given which 
 
 optas: nee sperno munera. Uber divitis agri, 
 
 you ask; nor do I despise your gifts. The richness of the fertile land. 
 
 que opulentia Trojae non deerit vobis Latino 
 
 and the wealth of Troy shall not be wanting to you while Latinus 
 
 rege. Modb ./Eneas ipse adveniat (si est tanta cupido 
 
 is king. Provided ^Eneas himself will come (if (Acre is so great a desire 
 
 nostrf, si properat jungi hospitio, que vocari socius) 
 
 of us, if he hastens to be united in friendship, and to be call'd anally) 
 
 neve exhorrescat amicos vultus. Erit pars 
 
 nor let him dread our friendly countenance. It shall be the part 
 
 pacis mihi tetigisse dextram tyranni. Vos contra 
 
 of peace to me to have touched the right hand of the prince. You on the other 
 
 nunc referte mea mandata regi: Est mihi 
 
 kand now boar back my commands to your kins'. There is . to ma 
 
 nata quam sortes ex patrio adyto, plurima 
 
 a daughter whom the oracles from my paternal shrine, whom many 
 
 monstra ccelo non sinunt jungere viro nostiaegentis: 
 
 prodigies from heaven do not permit me to unite to a husband of our nation: 
 
 canunt hoc re stare Latio, generos afibre ab 
 
 they prophecy that this awaits Latinin, that snns-in-law will be here from 
 
 externis oris, qui sanguine ferant nostrum nomen 
 
 foreign coasts, who by their blood will raise our name 
 
 in astra. Et reor et opto (si mens augurat quid 
 
 to the stars. And I suppose and desire it (if my mind uu^urs any thing 
 
 veri) fata poscere hunc ilium 
 
 oftru(h) the fates demand this man himself. 
 
 Pater effatus haec, eligit equos otnni numero 
 
 The father having spoken these words, selected horses from all the nuinhor 
 
 ter centum nitidi stabant in altis praesepibus: 
 
 three hundred shining steeds stood in the lofty staid 
 
 extemplo jubet alipedes, instratos ostro que 
 
 forthwith he comma IK!!: the wing -looted Horses overspread with purple anil
 
 199 27G 
 
 pictis tapetis, duci omnibus Teucris ordine. Aurea 
 
 painted trappings, to be led out for all the Trojans in order. Golden 
 
 jmonilia pendent demissa pectoribus; tecti aurc 
 
 martingales hang depending from their breasts; covered with gold 
 
 Tnandunt fulvum aurum sub dentibus; currum que 
 
 they champ the yellow gold beneath their teeth, a chariot and 
 
 geminos jugales ab jethereo semine, spirantes ignem 
 
 two match-horses from the ethereal race, breathing forth fire 
 
 naribus absent! ^Eneae: de gente illorum, quos 
 
 from their nostrils, for the absent ^Eneas: from the race of those, which 
 
 Daedala Circe, furata patri creavit nothos dc 
 
 Daedalian Circe, having stolen from her father produced a spurious race from 
 
 aupposita matre. ^Eneadag, talibus donis que dictis Latini 
 
 a substituted mother. The Trojans, with such gifts and words of Latinus 
 
 (redeunt sublimes in equis, que reportant pacem. Autem 
 
 return proud on their horses, and bring back peace. But 
 
 ecce! saeva conjux Jovis referebat sese ab Inachiis 
 
 lo! the dread wife of Jupiter brought back herself from [iiachian 
 
 Argis, que invecta tenebat auras: et longe ab aethere, 
 
 Argos, and borne on she possessed the air: and far from the sky, 
 
 ab usque Siculo Pachyno, prospexit laetum ^Enean, que 
 
 from even Sicilian Pachinus, she beheld joyful .(Eneas, and 
 
 Dardaniam classem. Videt jam moliri 
 
 the Trojan fleet. She beholds the Trojans already begin, to build 
 
 tecta, jam sidere terras, deseruisse rates. Stetit fixa 
 
 houses, already to settle on the land, to desert their ships. She stood pierced 
 
 acri dolore; turn quassans caput, effudit haac dicta 
 
 with sharp grief: then shaking her head, she poured out these words 
 
 pectore: Heu! invisam stirpem, et fata Phrygum 
 
 from her breast: Ah! hateful race, and fates of the Trojans 
 
 contraria nostris fatis! num occumbere Sigeis 
 
 opposed toour fates! whether could I overthrew t/tem on the Sigean 
 
 campis? Num capti potuere capi? num incensa 
 
 plains? Whether conquered could they be conquered? whether has conflgrated 
 
 Trqja cremavit viros? invenere viam medias 
 
 Troy burnt these men? they have found a way through the midst 
 
 acies, que per medios ignes. At, credo, mea numina 
 
 of armies, and through the midst of fires. But, I believe, my divinity 
 
 tandem jacent fessa; aut exsaturata odiis, quievi. 
 
 at length lies wearied; or satisfied with hatred, I have rested. 
 
 Quin etiam infesta ausa sequi excussos patria 
 
 But even bating I dared to follow them driven from their country 
 
 per undas, et opponere me profugis toto ponto 
 
 through the waves, and to oppose myself to the fugitives through the whole sea 
 
 Vires que cceli que maris absumptae in Teucros. 
 
 The powers bjth of heaven and the sea are consumed against the Trojans. 
 
 Quid Syrtes. aut Scylla, quid vasta Charybdis 
 
 What did quicksands, or Scylla, what H:H the vast Charybdin
 
 200 303 
 
 profuit mihi: conduntur optato alvno Tybndis, securi 
 
 profit me. they are moored in the desired channel of theTyber, careless, 
 
 pelagi atquc mei. Mars valuit perdere immanem gentem 
 
 of the ocean and of me. Mars could destroy the huge race 
 
 Lapitharum; genitor Detim ipse concessit antiquam 
 
 or the l.rijiiili.r; the father of the Gods himself yielded ancient 
 
 Calydona in iras Diana3: quod tantum scelus Lapithis, 
 
 Calydon to the anger of Diana: what so great crime was to the Lapiihc, 
 
 aut Calydone merente? Ast ego, magna conjux Jovis, 
 
 or was Calydon deserving? But 1, the gredl wife of Jupiter, 
 
 quae potui linquere nil inausuin, quae infelix vertt 
 
 who could leave nothing undared, who unhappy have turned 
 
 memet in omnia, vincor ab jEned. Quod si mea 
 
 myself to all expedients, am overcome by A'.ncas. What if my 
 
 numina non sunt satis magna, equidem baud dubitem 
 
 divinity js not sufficiently great, indeed I will not hesitate 
 
 implorare quod est usquam: si nequeo flectere Superos, 
 
 to implore that which is anywhere: if Icannot bend the Gods, 
 
 movebo Acheronta. Esto, non dabitur 
 
 1 will move hell. Be it so, Mat it shall not be granted to ma 
 
 prohibere Latinis regnis, atque Lavinra manet conjux 
 
 to forbid Ati/i the Latin kingdoms, and Lavinia remains At* wife 
 
 immota fatis: at licet trahere, atque addere moras 
 
 fixed by the fates: but it is permitted to prolong, and to add delays 
 
 tantis rebus; at licet excindere populos amborum 
 
 to these great events; but it is permitted to cut off the people of both 
 
 regum. Gener atque socer coe'ant hie mercede 
 
 kings. Let the son-in-law and father in-law unite at this price 
 
 suorum. Virgo, dotabere Trojano et Rutulo 
 
 of Ihcir friends. O maid, you shall be endowed with Trojan and Rutulian 
 
 sanguine; et BelJona pronuba manet te: nee tantum 
 
 blood; and Bcllona a bridesmaid shall remain to thee: nor alone 
 
 Cisseis praegnans face enixa jugales ignes quin 
 
 did Hecuba teeming with a firebrand bear nuptial fires but 
 
 suus partus Veneri idem, et alter Paris, que tedae 
 
 her own offspring shall be to Venus the same, and another Paris, and torches 
 
 iterum funestae in recidiva Pergama. 
 
 again shaft be deadly against new rising Troy. 
 
 Ubi dedit hsec dicta, horrenda petivit terras. Ciet 
 
 When he uttered these words, dread she sought the earth. She calls up 
 
 luctificam Alecto ab sede dirarum sororum, que infernis 
 
 mournful Alecto from the seat of the direful sisters, and infernal 
 
 tenebris; cui cordi tristia bella, que irae, que insidiaa 
 
 darkness; in whose heart are mournful wars, and wrath, and fraud, 
 
 rt noxia crimina. Et pater Pluton ipse odit. Tartareae. 
 
 and hurtful crimes. And father Pluto himself hates tier. The Tartarean 
 
 sorores odere monstrum; vertit sese in tot ora 
 
 M-t.r~ hate the monster; she turns herself into so many feature*
 
 201 32 
 
 tarn sffivas facies, atra pullulat tot colubris. Quam 
 
 BO many cruel forms, black she sprouts forth so many snakes. Whom 
 
 Juno acuit his verbis, ac fatur talia: Virgo, sata 
 
 Juno provoked with these words, and speaks these things: O Maid, born 
 
 Nocte, da mihi hunc proprium laborem, hanc operam; 
 
 from Night, give tome this appropriate labour, this work; 
 
 ne noster honos, ve infractra fama cedat loco, neu 
 
 let not our honour, 01 mutilated fame yield on this occasion, nor 
 
 ^Eneadae possint ambire Latinum connubiis, ve obsidere 
 
 let the Trojans be able to circumvent Latinus by marriage, or besiege 
 
 Italos fines. Tu potes armare unanimes fratres in 
 
 the Italian boundaries. You can arm harmonious brothers to 
 
 prcelia, atque versare domos odiis; tu inferre verbera 
 
 battle and overturn families by hatred; you can bear stripes 
 
 que funereas faces tectis; tibi mille nomina, mille 
 
 and deadly firebrands to houses; to you are a thousand names, a thousand 
 
 artes nocendi: concute fecundum pectus, disjice compositam 
 
 arts of injuring; strike your prolific breast, break this established 
 
 pacem, sere crimina belli: juventus velit, que simul 
 
 peace, sow crimes the seeds of war; the youth wish, and at once 
 
 poscat, que rapiat arma. Exin Alecto, infecta 
 
 demand it, and let them seize upon arms. Forthwith Alecto, stain'd 
 
 Gorgoneis venenis, principio petit Latium et celsa 
 
 with Gorgonian poisons, in the first place sought Laiium and the lofty 
 
 tecta Laurentis tyranni, que obsedit taciturn limen 
 
 palace of the Laurentine prince, and besieg'd the silent gate 
 
 Amatae quam ardentem super adventu Teucrum que 
 
 )f Amata whom raging about the coming of the Trojans and 
 
 nymenasis Tumi que femineae euros que irae coquebant. 
 
 the marriage rites of Turnus both female cares and passions inflamed, 
 
 Dea conjicit huic unum anguem de caeruleis 
 
 The Goddess cast on her one snake from her azure 
 
 crinibus, que subdit in sinum ad intima prascordia, 
 
 locks, and it sunk into her bosom to her inmost heart, 
 
 quo monstro furibunda permisceat omnem domum. 
 
 by which monster raging she may disturb all her family. 
 
 Tile lapsus inter vestes et levia pectora volvitur nullo 
 
 It gliding between her dress and smooth breast rolls on with no 
 
 altactu, que fallit furentem, inspirans viperam animam: 
 
 impression, and deludes her raging, inspiring a viperous soul: 
 
 ingens coluber fit tortile aurum collo, fit 
 
 the great snake becomes wreathed gold for her neck; it becomes 
 
 tsenia longae vittae que innectit comas, et lubricius 
 
 A wreath of a long fillet and binds Aerhair. and gliding 
 
 errat membris. Ac dum prima lues, sublapsa 
 
 wanders over her limbs. And while the first infection, gliding under 
 
 udo veneno, pertentat sensus, atque implicat ignem 
 
 with moist poison, thrills through her senses, anil implant? hit
 
 202 35G 
 
 ossibus, necdum animus percepit flammam toto 
 
 in her bonex, nor yd did her mind feel ihe flame through all 
 
 pectore: iocuta est mollius et de solito more 
 
 her heart: she spoke morcgcntly and according to the usual modo 
 
 matrum, lacrymans multa super nata 1 que Phrygiis 
 
 of mothers, weeping much about her daughter and the Trojan 
 
 , hymcnjeis: gcnitor, ne Lavinia datur ducenda Teucris 
 
 i nuptial*: O father, shall Lavinia be given to be married to Trojan 
 
 exsulibus? ncc miseret te que natae que tui? nee 
 
 exiles? nor do you pity both your daughter and yourself? uor 
 
 miseret matris quam perfidus prsedo relinquet printo 
 
 do you pity her mother whom this treacherous robber will abandon with the first 
 
 Aquilone, petens alta, virgine abductd? An non 
 
 north wind, seeking 1 the deep, the maid being carried off? Did not 
 
 Phrygius pastor sic penetrat Lacedoemona, que vexit 
 
 the Trojan shepherd Paris thus enter Lacedemon, and bear off 
 
 Ledaeam Helenam ad Trojanas arcesr Quid tua 
 
 Lcda'9 Helen to the Trojan towers? What avails your 
 
 sancta fides, quid antiqua cura tuorurn, et dextera 
 
 holy faith, what the ancient regard your friends, and your right hand 
 
 data toties consanguineo Tiirno? Si gener petitur 
 
 pledged so often to your relation Turuus? If a son-in-law is sought 
 
 Latinis de externd gente, que id sedet, que jussa 
 
 by the Latins from a foreign nation, and this is determined, and the commands 
 
 parentis Fauni premunt te: equidem reor omnem 
 
 of your father Faunus restrain you: indeed I think every 
 
 terram externam, quae libera nostris sceptris dissidet; 
 
 land is foreign, which free from our authority is separated from iw. 
 
 et Divos dicere sic. 
 
 and the Gods declare thus. 
 
 Et si prima origo domus repetatur, Inachus que Acrisius 
 
 And if the first origin of his family be demanded, Inachus and Acrisiua 
 
 patres Turno, que mediae Mycenae, Ubi 
 
 were ancestors to Turnus, and the midst of Mycenz is his country. When 
 
 videt Latinum stare contra, experta nequicquam 
 
 she beholds Laiinus to stand opposed taker, having tried in vain 
 
 his dictis, que furiale malum serpentis lapsum penitus 
 
 with these words, and maddening mischief of the serpent gliding ' deeply 
 
 in viscera, que pererrat totam; turn verb 
 
 into nor entrails, and had wandered through her whole frame', then indeed 
 
 infelix excita ingentibus monstris, lymphata furit per 
 
 the hapless woman aroused by these great prodigies; frantic rages through 
 
 immensum urbem sine more: ceu quondam turbo volitans 
 
 the extensive city beyond measure: as whenever a top flying 
 
 sub torto verbere, quem pueri intenti ludo, exercent in 
 
 beneath a wreathed lash, which boys intent on play, exercise in 
 
 magno gyro circum vacua atria: ille actus habend fertur 
 
 great circle around the empty hall*: it drawn by the thong is borne
 
 203 381 
 
 curvatis spatiis: inscia turba stupei, que impubes 
 
 in circling spires: the ignorant crowd stand amazed, and the youthful 
 
 man us mirata volubile buxum: dant anitnos plagoe. 
 
 band admiring the whirling wood: they give their sou.s to the blow. 
 
 Agitur non segnior illo cursu, per medias 
 
 The queen is driven on not more slowly than this course, through the midst 
 
 urbes, que feroces populos. Quin etiam adorta majus 
 
 f cities, and fierce people. But even advancing to a greater 
 
 nefas que orsa majoremfuroremevolatin sylvas, simulato 
 
 evil and rising to a greater madness she flies into the woods, having feigned 
 
 numine Bacchi, et abdit natam frondosis montibus, 
 
 the divinity of Bacchus, and hides her daughter in the leafy mountains, 
 
 quo eripiat thalamum Teucris, que moretur taedas; 
 
 that she may snatch marriage from the Trojans, and delay the nuptial torches 
 
 fremens Evoe Bacche, vociferans te solura dignum 
 
 crying out Evoe Bacchus, declaring that you alone are worthy 
 
 virgine; etenim sumere molles thyros tibi, lustrare te 
 
 of the maid; for she has taken soft spears for you, she encircles thee 
 
 choro, pascere sacrum crinem tibi. Fama volat, que 
 
 with a dance, preserves her sacred locks for you. Fame flies, and 
 
 simul idem ardor agit omnes matres, accensas Furiis 
 
 at once the same zeal urges all the mothers, inflamed by the Furies 
 
 pectore, quaerere nova tecta. Deseruere domos; dant 
 
 in their breasts, to seek new dwellings. They desert their homes; they give 
 
 colla que comas ventis. Ast aliae complent aethera 
 
 their necks and hair to the winds. But others fill the skies 
 
 tremulis ululatibus, que incinctae pellibus gerunt pampineas 
 
 tremulous cries, and covered with skins they bear the vine bound 
 
 hastas; ipsa fervida sustinet flagrantem pinum inter medias 
 
 spears; she raging upholds a burning pine in the midst 
 
 ac canit hymenaeos natae que Turni, torquens 
 
 and sings the "nuptial song of her daughter and Turnus, rolling 
 
 sanguineam aciem que repente clamat torvum: lo 
 
 her bloody eye-ball and suddenly cries out in a stern manner O 
 
 Latinae matres, audite, ubiquseque, si qua gratia 
 
 ye Latin mothers, hear, wheresoever you are, if any regard 
 
 infelicis Amatae manet piis animis, si cura materni 
 
 of the wretched Amata dwells in your pious minds, if care of a mother's 
 
 juris remordet, solvite crinales vittas, capite orgia 
 
 ngnl corrodes your hearts, loosen your hairy fillets, take up the orgies 
 
 mecum. Alecto agit reginam talem stimulis Bacchi, 
 
 with me. Alecto urges the queen thus with the goads of Bacchus, 
 
 undique inter sylvas, inter deserta fcrarum. Postquam 
 
 on every side among the woods, among the deserts of wild beasts. After 
 
 visa acuisse primos furores satis, que 
 
 she seemed to have provoked her first madness sufficiently, and 
 
 vertisse consilium que ornnem domum Latini, protinua 
 
 to have overturned the counsel and all the house of Latinus, forthwith
 
 204 407 
 
 tristis Dea tollitur hinc fuscis alls ad muros audacis 
 
 lhead Goddess is borne from hence on mournful wings to the walls of the darin? 
 
 Turni: quam urbern Danae, delata prcecipiti Noto dicitur 
 
 I'urnus: which city Danae, borne on the swift south wind is said 
 
 fundavisse Acrisioneis colonis. Locus quondam 
 
 to have been founded for her Acrisian colonists. The place was formerly 
 
 dictus Ardua avis, et nunc Ardea manet magnum 
 
 called Ardua by our ancestors and now Ardea remains a great 
 
 nomen; sed fortuna fuit, 
 
 name; but its fortune has been. 
 
 Hie in altis tectis Turnus jam carpebat mediam quietem 
 
 Here in the lofty palace Turnus now enjoyed his midnight sleep 
 
 nigra" nocte. Alecto exuit torvam faciem et furialia 
 
 in the black night. Alecto put off her grim countenance and Fury's 
 
 membra; transformat sese in aniles vultus, et arat 
 
 limbs; transforms himself into an old woman's looks, and ploughs 
 
 obsccenam frontem rugis; induit albos crines cum 
 
 her filthy forehead with wrinkles: puts on white hair with 
 
 vitta, turn innectit ramum olivae: fit Calybe 
 
 a fillet, then she binds on the bough of an olive; she becomes Calybe, 
 
 anus Junonis, que sacerdos templi; et offert se 
 
 an old woman of Juno, and a Priestess of the temple; and offers herself 
 
 juveni ante oculos cum his vocibus: Turne, patiere 
 
 to the youth before his eyes with these words: O Turnus, will you suffer 
 
 tot labores fusos incassum, et tua sceptra transcribi 
 
 to many labours wasted in vain, and shall your sceptre be transferred 
 
 Dardaniis colonis? Rex abnegat conjugium tibi, et dotes 
 
 to the Trojan colonists? The king denies marriage to you, and dowries 
 
 quagsitas sanguine; que externus haeres quaeritur in regnum, 
 
 gain'd by blood; and a foreign heir is sought for the kingdom. 
 
 I nunc, irrise, offer te ingratis periculis; I, 
 
 Go, now, scorn'd man, present yourself to ungrateful dangers; Go, 
 
 sterne Tyrrhenas acies; tege Latinos pace. Adeo 
 
 prostrate the Tuscan armies; protect the Latins by peace. Thus 
 
 omnipotens Saturnia lapsa jussit me fari 
 
 the all powerful daughter of Saturn gliding down commanded me tospc-'.k 
 
 haec palam tibi, cum jaceris placida" nocte. Quare 
 
 these words openly to you, when you lay in the peaceful night. Wherefore 
 
 age, et Isetus para pubem armari, que moveri 
 
 mme on, and joyful prepare the youth to be armed, and to be removed 
 
 portis in arma: et exure Phrygios duces, qui 
 
 Trom the gate? to war: and burn the Trojan leaders, who 
 
 consedere pulchro flumine, que pictas carinas. Magna 
 
 have settled by this fair stream, and painted ships. The great 
 
 vis coclestium jubet sic: Rex Latinus ipse, ni 
 
 power of the Gods commands thus; let King Latinus himself, unless 
 
 fatetur dare conjugium, et parere dicto, sentiat, 
 
 lie agrees to grant the marriage, and to comply with his word. Knew
 
 205 434 
 
 ct landam experiatur Turnum in armis. Hie juvenis 
 
 and at length experience Turnus in arms. Here the youth 
 
 irridens vatem sic vicissim refert ore 
 
 scoffing the prophetess thus in turn replies with As mouth U what 
 
 orsa: Nupcius non effugit meas aures, ut rero, 
 
 she had begun to say: the news has not escaped my ears, as you suppose. 
 
 classes invectas alveo Tybridis. Ne finge 
 
 that ships have been wafted to the channel of the Tiber. Do not feign 
 
 tantos metus mihi, nee est regia Juno immemor nostrf. 
 
 so great fears to me, nor is royal Juno unmindful of us. 
 
 Sed, 6 mater, senectus victa situ que effceta veri, 
 
 But, O mother, old age overcome by its rust and powerless of truth, 
 
 nequicquam exercet te caris, et inter arma regum, 
 
 in vain exercises you with carps, and amid the arms of kings, 
 
 ludit vatem fals formidine. Tibi cura tuen 
 
 mocks the prophetess with deceptive fear. To you is the care to guard 
 
 effigies et templa Divum; viri gerant bella que pacem 
 
 the images and temples of the Gods; let men manage wars and peace 
 
 queis bella gerenda. Alecto exarsit in iras talibus 
 
 by whom wars are to be conducted. Alecto kindled into wrath by these 
 
 dictis. At subifus tremor occupat artus juveni oranti, 
 
 words. But a- sudden trembling seizes the limbs of the youth while speaking, 
 
 oculi diriguere: Erinnys sibilat tot hydris, que 
 
 his eyes stiffened: The Fury hisses with so many snakes, and 
 
 tanta facies aperit se: turn torquens flammea lumina 
 
 20 great a form discloses itself then turning her flaming eyes 
 
 et repulit cunctantem, et quasrentem dicere plura, 
 
 both repelled him delaying, and seeking to say many things, 
 
 et erexit geminos angues crinibus, que insonuit 
 
 and she rais'd two snakes from her hair, and sounded 
 
 verbera, que addidit haec rabido ore: En ego 
 
 her lash, and superadds these words with her maddening mouth: Lo I 
 
 victa situ, quam senectus effoeta veri ludet fals& 
 
 overcome by the rust of age, whom old age powerless of truth mocks by false 
 
 formidine inter arma regum. Respice ad haec: adsum 
 
 fear amidst the arms of kings. Look back to these things: I am hero 
 
 ab sede dirarum sororum; gero bella que lethum manu. 
 
 from the seat of the direful sisters; I bear wars and death in my hand. 
 
 Effata sic, conjecit facem juveni et fixit taedas 
 
 Speaking thus, she cast a firebrand at the youth and planted the torches 
 
 fumantes atro lumine sub pectore. Ingens 
 
 smoking with blackening light beneath his breast. Great 
 
 pavor rupit olli somnum que sudor proruptus toto 
 
 fear broke his sleep and sweat bursting from his whole 
 
 corpore, perfudit ossa et artus. Amens fremit arma 
 
 body, bathes his bones and limbs. Mad he raves for arm*.
 
 20G 460 
 
 requirit arma toro que tectis. Amor ferri, 
 
 be berks arms in the bed and through the palace. The love of the sword 
 
 et scelerata insania belli, super ira saevit. 
 
 and execrable madness of war, moreover anger rages. 
 
 Veluti cum virgea flamma suggeritur costis aheni 
 
 As when an osier flame is placed under the sides of a brass vessel 
 
 undantis magno sonore, que latices exsultant aestu; 
 
 boiling with great noise, and the liquids boil over with heat; 
 
 vis aquae furit intus, atque fumidus amnis exuberat 
 
 the violence of the water rages within, and the smoking stream effervesce* 
 
 spumis alte; nee jam unda capit se: ater 
 
 with foam on high; nor now docs the water restrain itself: the blackening 
 
 vapor volat ad auras. Ergo indicit iter primis 
 
 steam flies into the air. Therefore he directs the way to the chiefs 
 
 juvenum ad reerem Latinum, pace polluta", et jubet 
 
 of the youth to king Latinus, the peace being violated, and orders 
 
 arma parari, tutari Italiam, detrudere hostem 
 
 arms to be prepared, to protect Italy, to drive out the foe 
 
 finibus; se venire satis ambobus, que Teucris 
 
 from his boundaries; declaring that he comes sufficient for both, both the Trojans 
 
 que Latinis. Ubi dedit haec dicta, que vccavit Divos 
 
 and Latins. When he had uttered these words, and had invoked the Gods 
 
 in vota, Rutuli exhortantur sese certatim in arma. 
 
 in his prayers, the Rutulians exhort each other eagerly to arms. 
 
 Egregium decus formae atque juventae movet hunc, 
 
 The remarkable beauty of his form and youth move Mupone, 
 
 atavi reges hunc, dextera claris factis 
 
 his ancestor kings inj!ueneeanother,his right hand for renowned deeds distinguished 
 
 hunc. Dum Turnus implet Rutulos audacibus 
 
 marts this one. While Turnus fills theRutulians with daring 
 
 animis, Alecto concitat se Stygiis alis in Teucros; 
 
 courage, Alecto raises herself on Stygian wings against the Trojans; 
 
 speculata locum novd arte, quo litore pulcher lulus 
 
 watching the place with renewed fraud, on which shore beautiful lulus 
 
 agitabat feras insidiis que cursu. Hie Cocytia virgo 
 
 bunted wild beasts by snares and the chase. Here the infernal maid 
 
 objicit subitam rabiem canibus, et contingit nares 
 
 casts sudden madness on the dogs, and touched their nostrils 
 
 noto odore, ut aydentes agerent cervum; quae fuit 
 
 with the known scent, as glowing they drove the stag; which was 
 
 prima causa malorum, que accendit agrestes animos 
 
 the firsi cause of their misfortunes, and inflamed the rustic minds 
 
 bello. Erat cervus praestanti forma", et ingens cornibus, 
 
 to war. There was a stag of excelling beauty, and large in horns; 
 
 quern, raptum ab ubere matris, Tyrrheidae pueri 
 
 which, snatched from the dugs of its mother, Tyrrheus' sons 
 
 nutribant, que Tyrrheus pater cui regia annenta 
 
 nursed, and Tyrrheus their father whom the royal herds
 
 207 486 
 
 parent, et custodia campi late" credita. Sylvia soror 
 
 obey, and the beeping of the plain far around is entrusted. Sylvia their sister 
 
 ornabat ferum, assuetum imperils, omni cura, intexens 
 
 adorned the beast, accustomed to her commands, with every care, intertwining 
 
 cornua mollibus sertis, que pectebat, que lavabat in 
 
 its horns with soft garlands, and sA combed it, and washed it in 
 
 puro "fonte. Illepatiens manum, que assuetus herili 
 
 the clear fountain. He enduring the hand, and accustomed to his master's 
 
 mensss, errabat sylvis; que rursus ipse ferebat se 
 
 table, wandered in the woods; and again he withdrew himself 
 
 domum ad nota liraina, quamvis sera" nocte. Rabidse 
 
 home to the known gates, however late at night. The maddening 
 
 canes venantis liili commovere hunc errantem procul, cum 
 
 dogs of hunting lulus roused him wandering afaroff, when 
 
 forte deflueret secundo fluvio, que Vvaret aestus 
 
 by chance he swam down the prosperous stream, and relieved the heat 
 
 viridante ripa. Etiam Ascanius, succensus amore eximiae 
 
 on the green bank. Also Ascanius, inflamed with love of distinguished 
 
 laudis, ipse direxit spicula curvo cornu; nee Deus 
 
 praise, himself- directed his darts from his crooked bow; nor was the God 
 
 abfuit erranti dextrse, ' que arundo acta multo sonitu, 
 
 absent from his erring right hand, and the reed driven on with much noise, 
 
 venit, que per uterum, que per ilia. At quadrupes 
 
 came, bath through his stomach, and through his flank. But the animal 
 
 saucius refugit intra nota tecta, que gemens 
 
 wounded tfew back within its known dwelling, and groaning 
 
 successit stabulis; que cruentus atque similis imploranti, 
 
 came up to the stables; and bloody and like to one entreating, 
 
 replevit omne tectum questu. Sylvia soror prima 
 
 filled tfte whole house with complaints. Sylvia the sister first 
 
 percussa lacertos palmis, vocat auxilium, et onclamat 
 
 striking her arms with her hands, calls assistance, and calls together 
 
 duros agrestts. Olli improvisi adsunt (enim aspera pestis 
 
 thn hardy rustics. They unexpectedly are present (for the cruel plague 
 
 btet tacitis sylvis;) hie armatus obusto torre, 
 
 lies hid in the silent woods;) this one armed with a burnt brand, 
 
 hie sodis gravidi stipitis: ira facit telum, quod 
 
 this with the knots of a heavy club: anger produces a weapon, whatever 
 
 repertum cuique rimanti. Tyrrheus spirans :mmane, 
 
 is found by each searching. Tyrrhetis breathing forth wrathfully, 
 
 seam raptS., vocat agmina, ut forte scindebat quercum 
 
 at axe being seized, calls the troops, as by chance hecutup the oak 
 
 q'j.adri/ttlam coactis cuneis. 
 
 npKt in tour parts with driven wedges. 
 
 A* ftffjva Dea, nacta speculis tempus 
 
 Br.t the cruel Goddess, -having found from the watch-towers a time 
 
 r.ocendi, petit ardua tecta stabuli, et de summc 
 
 for toiug injury, bought the high roof of the stable; and from the lofty
 
 1206 513 
 
 culmino canit pastorale signum^que intendit Tartaream 
 
 height lings forth the shepherd's signal, and stretches her hellisu 
 
 vocem recun'o cornu; qui protinus omne nemus 
 
 voice with the crooked horn; by which from afar all this grove 
 
 contremuit, et profundce sylvae intonuerc. Et lacus Triviae 
 
 trembled, and the deep woods thundered. And the lake of Diana 
 
 longe audivit; amnis Nar, albus sulfured aqud, audivit, 
 
 afaroflf heard; the river Nar, whitened with sulphureous water, beard it, 
 
 que fontes Velini; et trepidae matres pressere natos ad 
 
 and fountains of Velinus: and the trembling mothers press their children to 
 
 pectora. Turn vero ad vocem, qua dira buccina dedit 
 
 their breasts. Then indeed at the voice, by which the direful trumpet gave forth 
 
 signum, indomiii agricolze celeres concurrunt undique 
 
 the signal, the unconquercd farmers swift run together on every side 
 
 telis raptis; necnon et Troia pubes effundit auxilium 
 
 with weapons seized; likewise both the Trojan youth pour forth assistance 
 
 Ascanio apertis castris. Direxere acies; non agitur 
 
 to Ascanius from the open camps. They drew up their troops; they are not engaged 
 
 jam agresti certamine duris stipitibus ve praeustis sudibus; 
 
 now in rustic strife with hard clubs or burnt stakes; 
 
 sed decernunt ancipiti ferro, que atra seges strictis 
 
 but they contend with the doubtful swoid, and a direful crop withdrawn 
 
 ensibus horrescit late que sera lacessita sole fulgent, 
 
 words bristles up far around and the brazen armor being struck by the sun shines, 
 
 et jactant lucem sub nubila: uti cum fluctus coepit 
 
 and Uirows the light beneath the clouds: as when the wave begins 
 
 albescere primo vento, mare tollit sese paulatim, et 
 
 to grow white with the first wind, the sea raises itself by degrees, and 
 
 erigit undas allius, inde consurgit imo fundo ad jethera. 
 
 elevates the waves higher, then it rises from the lowest depths to the skies. 
 
 Hie juvenis Almon, qui fuerat maximus natorum Tyrrhei, 
 
 Here the youth Almon, who was the eldest of the sons of Tyrrheus, 
 
 sternitur ante primam aciem stridente sagitta; enim vulnus 
 
 is overthrown before the first rank with a hissing arrow; for the wound 
 
 haesit sub gutture et inclusit iter udse vocis, que 
 
 stuck fast under his throat and stopped up the passage of his soft voice, and 
 
 tenuem vitam sanguine. Multa corpora virfim circa que 
 
 slender life with blood. Many bodies of heroes fall around and 
 
 senior Galcesus dum ofFert se medium paci; qui unus 
 
 the elder Galesus/alfc while he offers himself in the midst for peace: and alone 
 
 fuit justissimus, que olim ditissimus Ausoniis arvis 
 
 was the most just, and formerly the richest in the Ausonian fields. 
 
 Quinque greges balantum, quina armenta redibant illi, 
 
 Five flocks of bleating sheep, five herds of cattle returned to him 
 
 et vertebat terram centum aratris. Atque dum ea 
 
 and he turned up the earth with an hundred ploughs. And while these thine* 
 
 geruntur zequo Marte per campos, Dea facta 
 
 are done in the equal contest through the plains, the Goddess being mart*
 
 209 51] 
 
 potens profrnissi, ubi imbtiit bellum sanguine, et 
 
 powerful of her promise, when she had stained the war with blood, and 
 
 commisit funera primae pugnse, deserit Hesperiam, et 
 
 had sent death to the first contest, deserts Italy, and 
 
 convexa per auras coeli, victrix affatur Junonm 
 
 borne through the air of heaven, a conqueror she addresses Juno 
 
 superba voce. En discordia perfecta tibi tristi bello! 
 
 with a proud voice. Behold the discord wrought for you in this sad war! 
 
 die coant in amicitiam, et jungant fcedera quandoquidem 
 
 BaytAat they unite in friendship, and join treaties since 
 
 respersi Teucros Ausonio sanguine. Addam hoc etiam 
 
 I have sprinkled the Trojans with Ausonian blood. I will add this also 
 
 his; si tua voluntas certa mihi, feram finitimas urbes 
 
 to them; if your will is sure tome, I will drive the neighbouring cities 
 
 in bella rumoribus, que accendam animos amore insani 
 
 w war by rumours, and I will inflame their minds with the love of mad 
 
 Martis, ut veniant undique auxilio; spargam arma 
 
 war, that they may assemble on every side with aid: I will scatter arms 
 
 per agros. Turn contra Juno Est abunde 
 
 through the fields. Then on the other hand Juno said. There is enough 
 
 .terrorum et fraudis: causae belli stant; pugnatur 
 
 of terrors and of fraud: the causes of the war remain; let them fight 
 
 armis cominus; novus sanguis imbuit arma, quae prima 
 
 with arms hand to hand; new blood has stained their arms, which the first 
 
 fors dedit. Egregium genus Veneris, et rex Latinus 
 
 chance has given. The renowned son of Venus, and king Lutinus 
 
 ipse celebrent talia connubia et tales hymensos. Pater 
 
 himself shall celebrate these marriages and such nuptial rites. The father 
 
 ille regnator sum mi Olympi, haud velit te errare 
 
 himself the ruler of high heaven, is not willing that you wander 
 
 licentius super aetherias auras. Cede locis. 
 
 at liberty about the etherial skies. Withdraw to your place. 
 
 Si qua fortuna laborum superest ego ipsa regain. 
 
 If any fortune of labour remains to us I myself will manage it. 
 
 Saturnia dederat tales voces. Autera ilia attollit 
 
 Saturnian Juno had uttered these words. But she raised 
 
 alas stridentes anguibus, que petit sedem Cocyti, linquens 
 
 her wings hissing with snakes, and seeks theseat of Cocytus, leaving 
 
 supera ardua. Est locus, sub altis montibus medio 
 
 the exalted high places. There is a place, beneath the lofty mountains in the centre 
 
 Italiae, nobilis, et memoratus fama in rnultis oris, valles 
 
 of Italy, renowned, and commemorated by fame in many coasts, the vales 
 
 Amsancti: latus nemoris atrum densis frondibus, urget 
 
 of Amsanctus, the side of the grove black with thick leaves, incloses 
 
 hunc utrimque que medio fragosus torrens dat sonitum 
 
 it on each side and in the midst a noisy torrent gives a sound 
 
 saxis et torto vortice. Hie specus horrendum et 
 
 with rocks and a whirling pool. Here a cave horrid in Us aspect anJ
 
 210 569 
 
 spiracula ssevi Ditis, monstrantur; que ingens vorago 
 
 the breathing p/aeej of dread Pluto, are shown; and a huge gulf 
 
 Acheronte rupto, aperit pestiferas fauces; queis Erihnyji, 
 
 Acheron bursting, opens its pestiferous jaws; in which Erynnyj 
 
 invisum numen condita levabat terras que cceluni. 
 
 the hateful fury being bid relieved the earth and sky. 
 
 Nec minus interca Saturnia regina imponit extremam 
 
 Nevertheless in the meantime the Ss'-rnian queen places tier last 
 
 manum bello. Omnis numerus pastorum ruit ex 
 
 hand to the war. The whole number of shepherds rushed out from 
 
 acie in urbem; que reportant caesos, Almonem puerum, 
 
 the army to the city; and bring back the slain, Almon the youth, 
 
 que ora fcedati Galsesi: que implorant Deos, que 
 
 and the features of the defiled Galusus: and they iutreat the Gods, and 
 
 obtestantur Latinum. Turnus adest, que in medio 
 
 implore Latinus for revenge. Turnus is present, and in the midst 
 
 crimine csedis, et ignis ingeminat terrorem, Teucros 
 
 of the crime of murder, and of fire redoubles the alarm, that the Trojans 
 
 vocari in regna, Phrygiam stirpem admisceri 
 
 ire called to the kingdom, that the Trojan race is to be intermingled with ike 
 
 se pelli limine. Turn quorum maties, 
 
 Latins that he is banished from the palace. Then they whose mother*, 
 
 attonitaa Baccho, insultant thiasis avia nemora, 
 
 astounded by the rites of Bacchus, leap about in dances in the pathless groves, 
 
 (enim neque nomen Amatae leve,) collecti undique 
 
 for neither is the name of Amata of light concern,) assembled on every side 
 
 coeunt, que fatigant Martem. Ilicet cuncti poscunt 
 
 unite, and provoke the war. Forthwith all demand 
 
 perverse numine, infandum bellum, contra omina, 
 
 by the perverted deity, dreadful war, against the oincnx, 
 
 contra fata Deflm. Certatim circumstant tecta regis 
 
 against the fates of the Gods. Eagerly they stand around the- palace of the king 
 
 Latini. Ille resistit, velut immota rupes pelagi: ut 
 
 Latinus. He withstands (Ann as an unmoved rock of the ocean as 
 
 rupes pelagi, quae magno fragore veniente, tenet sese 
 
 rock of the ocean, which wuh great noise approaching, holds itself 
 
 mole, multis undis circum latrantibus: nequicquam 
 
 by its mass, many waves around howling. in vuin 
 
 scopuli et spumea saxa fremunt circum que alga illisa 
 
 the clifls and foaming rocks roar around and the sea weed upturn 
 
 lateri refunditur. Verum ubi nulla potestas datur 
 
 on its ride is thrown back But when no power is granted 
 
 exsnperare caecum consilium, et res eunt nutu saevae 
 
 to overcome the blind counsel, ami affairs proceed by the will of dread 
 
 Junonis, pater inanis testatus Deos que auras multa, 
 
 Juno, iln; father in vain attesting theGods and the air nmrii 
 
 inquit, Heu! frangjmur fatis, que ferimur procelld, 
 
 nays. Ala*! we nr liruken down by ihe fate, and borne off by Hie Morm
 
 211 895 
 
 O miseri! ipsi pendetis has pcenas sacrilege sanguine t 
 
 O wretched men! you slial) pay these penalties with your sacrilegious blood. 
 
 Turne, te, nefas, triste supplicium manebit; que 
 
 O Turnus, thee, disaster, and mourni'ul punishment shall await; and 
 
 venerabere Deos seris votis. Nam quies est parta 
 
 you shall entreat the Gods by late prayers. For rest is obtained 
 
 mihi, que omnis portus in limine: spolior 
 
 for me, and all the harbour of my cares is in view: am deprived 
 
 felici funere. Nee locutus plura, sepsit se tectis, 
 
 of a happy burial. Nor did he speak more, he shut himself in his palare, 
 
 que reliquit habenas rerum. Erat mos in Hespeno 
 
 nnd left the reins of affairs. There was a custom in Hesperian 
 
 Latio, quern Albanae urbes protinus coluere sacrum, nunc 
 
 Latium, which the Alban cities long since have honoured as sacred, now 
 
 Roma maxima rerum colit, cum movent Martem in prima 
 
 Rome the greatest of things honours, when they excite Mars to the first 
 
 prcelia; sive parant manu inferre lacrymabile bellum 
 
 contests; whether they prepare with the hand to wage mournful war 
 
 Getis. ve Hyrcanis, ve Arabis, seu tendere 
 
 against the Getians, or the Hyrcanians, or the Arabians, or to march 
 
 ad Indos, que sequi Auroram, que reposcere Parthos 
 
 against the Indians, and to follow the morning, and redemand of the Parthiana 
 
 signa. 
 
 standards. 
 
 Sunt geminae portas belli (sic dicunt nomine) sacra 
 
 There are two gates of war (thus they call them by name) sacred 
 
 religione et formidine saBvi Martis. Centum serei vectes, 
 
 by religion and the fear of dread Mars. An hundred brazen bolts. 
 
 que seterna robora ferri claudunt nee Janus custos 
 
 and the eternal strength of iron close them nor does Janus the keener 
 
 absistit limine. Ubi certa sententia pugnae sedet 
 
 withdraw from the gate. When the sure sentence of war Is settled 
 
 patribus, consul ipse, insignis Quirinali trabeS. que 
 
 by the fathers, the consul himself, distinguished by a Roman robe and 
 
 Gabino cinctu. reserat stridentia limina; ipse vocat 
 
 Oabinian cincture, unlocks the creaking gates; he invites 
 
 pugnas: turn csetera pubes sequitur que aerea cornua 
 
 the contest, then the other youth follows and the brazen trumpets 
 
 conspirait rauco assensu. Et turn Latinus jubebatur 
 
 resound with hoarse concord. And then Latinus was commanded 
 
 mdicere bella ^Eneadis hoc more, que recludere 
 
 to proclaim war against the Trojans in this manner, and to lay open 
 
 tristes portas. Pater abstinuit tactu, que aversus 
 
 the mournful gates. Father Latinvs withdrew from the touch, and turning away 
 
 refugit foeda ministeria, et condidit se caecis umbris. 
 
 fled from the foul employment, and concealed himself in the dark shades. 
 
 Turn Saturnia regina Deum, delapsa coslo ipsa 
 
 Then the Saturnian queen of the Gods, gliding down fro<*i henven she
 
 212 621 
 
 unpulit morantes portas manu, et cardine verso, 
 
 mjshed open the delaying gates with her hand, and the hinge being turn'il, 
 
 rupit ferrates postes belli. Ausonia, inexcita at.que irhmobils 
 
 kurst the iron posts of war. Ausunia at rest and unmoved 
 
 ante, ardet. Pars parat ire pedes campis; pars arduus 
 
 before, is inflamed A part prepare logo on foot to tin; plums; a part proud 
 
 altis equis pulverulcntus furit; omiies 
 
 on their high horses involved in dust rush furiously on: all 
 
 requirunt arma. Pars tergunt 16ves clypeos, et 
 
 agerly demand arms. A part cleanse their light shields, and 
 
 lucida spicula pingui arvind, que subigunt secures in 
 
 shining spears with fat tallow, and sharpen their axes on 
 
 cote: que juvat ferre signa que audire 
 
 the whetstone and it delights them to bear the standards and to hear 
 
 sonitus tubarum. Adeo quinque magnac urbes, incudibus 
 
 the sounds of trumpets. Thus five great cities, their anvil* 
 
 positis, novant tela, potens Atina que superbum 
 
 being placed, renew their weapons, powerful Atina and proud 
 
 Tibur, Ardea que Crustumeri et turrigerae antemnae. 
 
 Tibur, Ardea and Crustumeri and turret bearing antcmnz. 
 
 Cavant tuta tegmina capitum, que flectunt salignas 
 
 They hollow out safe coverings of their heads, and bend the willow 
 
 crates umbonum: alii ducunt ahenos thoracas, aut leves 
 
 hurdles of their shields: others draw out brazen breastplates, or light 
 
 ocreas lento argento. Honos vomeris et 
 
 greaves from ductile silver. The honour of the ploughs are and 
 
 falcis hue. omnis amor aratri cessit, hue recoquunt 
 
 sickle yields here, all love of the harrow yields here, they reforge 
 
 patrios enses fornacibus, que jam classica sonant, 
 
 their paternal swords in furnaces, and now the trumpets sound. 
 
 tessera it signum bello. Hie trepidus rapit 
 
 the die goes forth a signal for the war. This man trembling seizes 
 
 galeam tectis: ille cogit frementes equos ad juga, 
 
 a helmet from the roof: this one joins the neighing horses to the yoke, 
 
 que induitur clypeum, que loricam trilicem auro, 
 
 and puts on the shield, and coat of mail triple with gold. 
 
 que accingitur fido ense. Deae nunc pandite 
 
 and is girded with a faithful sword. Ye Goddesses now open 
 
 Helicona, que movete cantus; qui reges exciti 
 
 Helicon, and direct my song; what kings have been aroused 
 
 bello; quae acies secutae quemque compleverint 
 
 by the war; what troops following each leader have filled 
 
 campos; quibus viris jam turn alma Itala terra floruerit, 
 
 the piling; by what men even then the fair Italian land flourished, 
 
 quibus armis arserit: enim Divas' et meminislis, 
 
 with what arms it was inflamed: for ye Goddesses ye both remember 
 
 et potestis memorare: vix tenuis aura famae 
 
 and ye can commemorate these things; scarcely has a light breath of fame
 
 213 G17 
 
 perlabitur ad nos Asper Mezentius contemtor DivQm, 
 
 glided by to u*. Cruel Mczentius the dcspiser of the Gods, 
 
 primus init bellum ab Tyrrhenis oris, que arma.t agmina. 
 
 first enters the war from the Tuscan coasts, and< arms his troops. 
 
 Huic juxta filius Lausus, quo non fuit 
 
 JVcxt to him near at hand his son Lausus, than whom there was not 
 
 alter pulchrior, corpore Laurentis Tumi excepto. 
 
 another more beauti ful, the form ofLaurentine Turnus being excepted. 
 
 Lausus domitor equorum, que debellator ferarum, ducit 
 
 Lausus the tamer of horses, and destroyer of wild beasts, leads on 
 
 mille viros, secutos nequicquam ex urbe Agyllina 
 
 a thousand men, following him in vain from the city Agylla 
 
 dignus qui esset laetior patris imperiis, et 
 
 a worthy youth who should have been more joyful in a father's commands, and 
 
 cui Mezeniius haud esset pater. 
 
 to whom Mezentius should not have been a father. 
 
 Post hos pulcher Aventinus, satus pulchro Hercule, 
 
 After these beautiful Aventinus, sprung from fair Hercules, 
 
 ostentat currum insigiiem palma, que victores equos 
 
 displays his chariot distinguished by the palm, and his victorious horses 
 
 per gramina: que clypeo gerit paternum insigne, 
 
 through the grass: and on his shield he bears his father's emblem, 
 
 centum angues que hydram cinctam serpentibus; quern 
 
 an hundred snakes and a hydra surrounded by serpents; whom 
 
 Rhea Sacerdos, mulier mixta Deo, partu edidit furtivum 
 
 Rhea the priestess, a woman uniting with a God, at a birth bore secretly 
 
 sub auras luminis sylva Aventini collis, postquam 
 
 into the ctherial light in a wood of the Aventine hill, after 
 
 Tirynthius victor attigit Laurentia arva, Ge.ryone 
 
 Hercules a conqueror had reached the Laurentinc fields, Geryon 
 
 exstincto, que lavit Iberas boves in Tyrrhene flumine. 
 
 being destroyed, and bathed his Iberian heifors in the Tuscan stream. 
 
 Manu gerunt pila que saevos dolones in bella, et 
 
 In their hand they bear darts and cruel daggers for the war, and 
 
 pugnant tereti mucrone, que Sabello veru. Ipse pedes 
 
 they contend with the tapering blade, and Sabine dart* He on foot 
 
 torquens immane tegmen leonis, impexum terribili seta 
 
 ehaking the huge skin of a lion, uiitrimrned with frightful bristles 
 
 cum albis dentibus, indutus capiti; sic subibat regia 
 
 with white teeth, placing this on his head; thus entered the royal 
 
 tecta horridus que innexus humeros Herculo amictu. 
 
 palace horrid to the view and covered as to his shoulders with Hercules' dress. 
 
 Turn gemini fratres linquunt Tiburtia mcenia; gentem 
 
 Then the two brothers leave theTiburtian ramparts; the nation 
 
 dictam cognomine fratris Tiburti, que Catillus que acer 
 
 is rolled by the name of their brother Tibertus, both Catillus and brave 
 
 Coras, Argiva juventus: et feruntur ante primam aciern 
 
 Coras, Argive youth; and they are borne before the fir** troo
 
 214 675 
 
 inter densa tela: ecu duo Centauri nubigense, cum 
 
 midst thick flyitf dart*: as two Centaurs descendants of the clouds, wheo 
 
 descendant ab alto vertice montis, linquentes Omolen, 
 
 they come down from the lofty top of a mountain, leaving Omole, 
 
 que nivalem Othryn rapido cursu; ingens sylva dat 
 
 nn.i snowy Othrys in their swift course; the great wood givei 
 
 locum euntibus, et virgulta cedunt magno fragore. 
 
 place to them going and the shrubbery withdraws with great noise. 
 
 Nec Caeculus, fundator Pranestinae urbis, defuit; quern 
 
 Nor was Cieculus, the founder of the Prsenestin* city, absent; whom 
 
 regem omnis setas credidit genitum Vulcano inter agrestia 
 
 o.t king every age believed descended from Vulcan amidst the rustic 
 
 pecora, que inventum focis. Agrestis legio comitatur 
 
 flocks, and found by the fires. A rustic legion accompanies 
 
 hunc late: que viri qui colunt altum Praeneste que qui 
 
 him from afar: and the men who inhabit high Preneste and who 
 
 arva Gabinae Junonis, que gelidum Anienem, et 
 
 inhabit the fields of Gabinian Juno, and the cold Anio, and 
 
 Hernica saxa roscida rivis: quos dives Anagnia, pascis, 
 
 the Hernican rocks watered with rivers: whom O rich Anagnia, you feed, 
 
 quos pater Amasene. Non omnibus illis arma, 
 
 whom also you feed O Father Amasenus. Not to all these do arms, 
 
 nec clypei ve currus sonant: maxima pars spargit glandes 
 
 nor shields or chariots sound: the greatest purl scatter balls 
 
 liventis plumbi, pars gestat bina spicula manu, que habet 
 
 of livid lead, apart bear two darts in their hand, and have 
 
 fulvos galeros de pelle lupi, tegmen capiti; instituere 
 
 yellow caps from the skin of a wolf, a covering for their head; they form 
 
 vestigia sinistri pedis nuda: crudus pero tegit altera. At 
 
 the. prints of their left foot naked: a raw shoe protects the other. But 
 
 Messapus, domitor equorum, Neptunia proles, quern neque 
 
 Mes*apus, the ruler of horses, Neptune's offspring, whom neither 
 
 fas cuiquam sternere igni nec ferro, subitb vocat 
 
 was it allowed to any one to prostrate by fire nor sword, suddenly calls 
 
 populos jampridem resides que agmina desueta bello, in 
 
 the people long since at rest, and the troops unaccustomed to war, to 
 
 anna, queretractat ferrum. Hi Fescennias acies, 
 
 ann-, and resumes the sword. These command the Fescennine troops, 
 
 quo jequos Faliscos; hi habent arces Soractis, que 
 
 and just Falisci; these possess the towers of Soractes, and 
 
 Flavinia arva, et lacum Cimini, cum monte, que 
 
 the Flavinian fields, and the lake ofCiminus, with the mountain, and 
 
 Capenos lucos. Ibant sequati numero, que canebant 
 
 IhpCapenian groves. They went uniform in number, and sang praxes tetkeir 
 
 regem: ceu quondam nivei cycni inter liquida nubila, cum 
 
 Kii'g: as when snowy swans amid the liquid clouds, when 
 
 referunt sese e pastu, et dant canoros modes 
 
 they withdraw themselves from Ibe pa-iurc, uiid give forth tuneful measures'
 
 215 701 
 
 per longa collar amnis, et Asia palus pulsa ionge 
 
 through their long necks; the river Cagster and the Asian lake struck from afar 
 
 sonat. 
 
 resounds. 
 
 Nec quisquam putet aeratas acies misceri ex 
 
 Nor would any one think them brass clad troops intermingled from 
 
 tanto agmine, sed seriam nubem raucarum volucrum urgeri 
 
 so great a band, but an airy cloud of hoarse birds driven on 
 
 ab alto gurgite ad litofa. Ecce! Clausus, de prisco 
 
 from the deep sea to the shores. Lo! Clausus, from the ancient 
 
 sanguine Sabinorum, agens magnum agmen, que ipse 
 
 blood of the Sabines, leading a great troop, and himself 
 
 instar magni agminis; a quo et Claudia tribus et gens 
 
 like a great troop; from whom also the Claudian tribe and nation 
 
 diffunditur per Latium, postquam' Roma data in 
 
 is spread through Latium, after Rome was surrendered in 
 
 partem Sabinis. Una ingens Amiterna cohors, que 
 
 part to the Sabines. Together with them great Amiterna's band, and 
 
 prisci Quirites, omnis manus Ereti que Mutuscaa 
 
 the ancient Quirites, all the troop ofEretus and Mutusca 
 
 oliviferss: qui urbem Nomentum, qui 
 
 abounding in olives; those who inhabit the city Nomentum, who inhabit 
 
 rosea rura Velini, qui colunt horrentes rupes Tetricae, 
 
 the roseate fields of Velinus, who inhabit the frightful rocks of Tetrica, 
 
 que montem Severum, que Casperiam, que Forulos et 
 
 and the mountain Severus, and Casperia, and Foruli and 
 
 flumen Himellae: qui bibunt Tyberim que Fabarim; quos 
 
 Ihe river of Himella: those who drink the Tyber and P*abar; whom 
 
 frigida Nursia misit, et Hortinaa classes, que Latini populi; 
 
 cold Nursia sent, and the Hortine ships, and Latin nations; 
 
 que quos Allia, infaustum nomen, secans interluit: quam 
 
 and whom Allia, inauspicious name, dividing flows between: aa 
 
 multi fluctus volvuntur Libyco marmore, ubi saevug 
 
 many waves are rolled along on the Libyan sea, where severe 
 
 Orion conditur hibernis undis; vel quot densae aristaj 
 
 Orion is hid by the wintry billows; or as many thickset ears of corn. 
 
 torrentur novo sole, aut campo Hermi, aut flaventibua 
 
 are burnt by the early summer sun, oitheron the plain of Herrnus, or the yellow 
 
 arvis Lyciae. Scuta sonant, que tellus excita tremit 
 
 fields of Lycia. Their shields resound, and the earth excited trembles 
 
 pulsu pedum. Hinc Agamemnonius Halesus, hostis 
 
 by the tread of their feet. Hence Agamemnon's Halesus, the enemy 
 
 Trojani nominis, jungit equos curru, que rapit mille 
 
 of the Trojan name, joins his horses to his chariot, and draws a thousand 
 
 feroces populos Turno, qui rastris vertunt Massica 
 
 fierce people to Turnus; those who with harrows turn up the Massicplains 
 
 felicia Baccho, et quos Aurunci patres misere de altis 
 
 fruitful in wine, and whom the Auruncian fathers sent from the high
 
 216 727 
 
 collibus, que juxta Sidicina aequora que qui linquunt Gales, 
 
 tiilU, ant\ttw*c near by the Sidicinian plains and who leave Calcs. 
 
 que accola vadosi amnis Vulturni, que pariter asper 
 
 and the vicinage of the shallow stream Vulturnus, and likewise rude 
 
 Saticulus que manus Oscorum. Teretes aclides sunt tela 
 
 Snticulus and the band of the Osci. Tapering darts are weapons 
 
 illis; sed est mos aptare base lento flagello. Cetra 
 
 to them; but it is their custom to fit these to a slender thong. A target 
 
 legit illis laevas; falcati enses cominus. 
 
 covers their left arm*; hooked swords are theirs withwhich they fight hand to hand. 
 
 .Nec tu, CEbale, abidis indictus nostris carminibus, quern 
 
 Nor shall you, O CEbale, pass off unincntioncd in our verses, whom 
 
 Telon fertur generavisse nymphd Sebethide, cum 
 
 Telon is said to have begotten with the nymph Sebethis, when 
 
 jam senior teneret Capreas, regna Teleboum; sed et 
 
 now an old mart he held Cuprea, the kingdom of the Teleboans; but also 
 
 filius, non contentus patriis arvis, jam turn late 
 
 the son, not content with his paternal lands, even then far around 
 
 premebat populos Sarrastes ditione, et cequora qua? 
 
 oppressed the people called Sarrastes by his authority, and I he plains which 
 
 Sarnus rigat; que qui tenent Rufas, que Batulum, atque 
 
 Sarnus waters; and who bold Rufas, and Batulum, and 
 
 arva Celennae, et quos mcenia maliferae Abellae 
 
 the fields of Celenna, and those whom the walls of fruit-bearing Ahull* 
 
 despectant; solid torquere cateias Teutonico rilu; 
 
 look down upon; accustomed to hurl their darts in the Teutonic manner; 
 
 queis tegmina capitum cortex raptus de subere, que 
 
 whose coverings of their heads was bark torn from the cork-tree, and 
 
 ffiratae peltae micant, et zereus ensis micat. Et montosae 
 
 their brazen shields glitter, and the brazen sword shines. And mountaiuoui 
 
 Nursoe misere te, Ufens, in proelia, insignem fama et 
 
 Nursae sent you, O Ufens, to battle, distinguished by fame, and 
 
 felicibus armis; cui praecipue ^Equicola duris glebis, 
 
 successful arms; to whom especially are the JCquicoIie with their hardy soil, 
 
 horrida gens, que assueta multovenatu nemorum, armati 
 
 a frightful nation, and accustomed to much hunting of the groves, armed 
 
 exercent terram, que semper juvat convectare recentes 
 
 they till the earth, and ever it delights them to bear off fresb 
 
 praedas et vivere rapto. 
 
 plunder and to live by violence. 
 
 Quin et fortissimus Umbro venit missu regis 
 
 But also most brave, Umbro came by the sending ofki.i? 
 
 Archippi, sacerdos de Marrubia gente, comtus super 
 
 Archippus, a priest from the Marrubian nation, adorned upon 
 
 galeam fronde et felici oliva, qui solebat spargere 
 
 Jus helmet with the leaf and happy olive, who was accustomed to scatter 
 
 somnos vipereo generi, et hydris graviter spirantibus, que 
 
 sleep on the viperous race, and hydras dreadfully breathing, bulb
 
 217 755 
 
 cantu que manu, que mulcebat iras, et levabat 
 
 by charming and with the hand, and he soothed their rage, and relieved 
 
 morsus arte. Sed non evaluit medicari ictum Dardaniae 
 
 iheir stings by kis art. But he could not cure the blow of a Trojan 
 
 cuspidis; neque somniferi cantus et herbs quaesitae in Marsis 
 
 spear; neither sleep bearing charms and herbs sought in the Marsian 
 
 montibus, juvere eum in vulnera. Nemus Angitiaa 
 
 mountains, assisted him against those wounds. The grove ofAngitea 
 
 te, Fucinus vitred unda. te, liquidi lacus 
 
 lamented thee, Fucinus with glassy wave lamented thee, the liquid lakes 
 
 flevere te. Et Virbius proles Hippolyti pulcherrima 
 
 lamented tbee. And Virbius the offspring of Hippolytus most beautiful 
 
 ibat bello, quern insignera mater Aricia misit, 
 
 marched to the war, whom illustrious his mother Aricia sent, 
 
 eductum lucis Egeriae, circum humentia litora, ubi 
 
 brought up in the groves of Egeria, around the moistened shores, where 
 
 pinguis 'et placabilis ara Dianae. Namque ferunt famd, 
 
 the rich and placable altar of Diana is. For they report by fame 
 
 Hippolytum, postquam Occident arte novercae, que 
 
 that Hippolytus, after he had fallen by the art of his stepmother, and 
 
 distractus turbatis equis, expleverit patrias pcenas 
 
 drawn apart by frightened horses, had satisfied his father's punishment 
 
 sanguine, venisse rursus ad astheria sidera, et sub superas 
 
 by blood, had come again to the celestial stars, and beneath the superior 
 
 auras cceli, revocatum Paeoniis herbis, et amore Dianas. 
 
 airs of heaven, recovered by Paeon i an herbs, and the love of Diana. 
 
 Turn omnipotens pater, indignatus aliquem mortalem 
 
 Then the almighty father, enraged that another mortal could 
 
 surgere ab infernis umbris ad lumina vitse, ipse 
 
 rise from the infernal shades to the lights of life, himself 
 
 fulmine detrusit Phoebigenam repertorem talis 
 
 with his thunderbolt hurled the son of Apollo the discoverer of such 
 
 medicinae et artis ad Stygias undas. At alma Trivia 
 
 medicine and art to the Stygian waves. But fair Diana 
 
 recondit Hippolytum secretis sedibus, et relegat nymphae 
 
 concealed Hippolytus in secret seats, and transferred him to the nymph 
 
 Egeriae que nemori, ubi solus, ignobilis, exigeret asvum 
 
 Egeria and the grove, where alone, unhonoured, he passed his life 
 
 in Italis sylvis, que ubi esset Virbius nomine verso: 
 
 among the Italian woods, and where he was Virbius Ais name being changed: 
 
 unde etiam cornipedes equi arcentur templo que 
 
 whence also the horn-footed horses are-driven from the temple and 
 
 sacratis lucis Trivioe, quod pavidi rnarinis monstris 
 
 consecrated groves of Diana, because frightened by sea monster* 
 
 effudere currum et juvenem litore. Filius baud 
 
 they overturned the chariot and the youth on the shore. His son not 
 
 segnius exercebat ardentes equos aequore campi, 
 
 more slothfully exercised Ais glowing horses on the surface of the plain.
 
 218 782 
 
 que ruebat curru in bella. Turnus ipse praestanti 
 
 and rushed in AM chariot to the war. Turnus himself of beautiful 
 
 corpore vestitur inter primes, tenens arma, et est supra 
 
 body is exercised among the chiefs, grasping his arms, and is above 
 
 toto vertice: cui alta galea, crinita triplici juba, 
 
 tk Ueri by a whole head: whose lofty helmet, plumed by a triple erect. 
 
 sustinet Chimaerara effanteni ^Etnaeos ignes faucibus: ilia 
 
 upholds a Chimera breathing /Etnean fires from her jaws: she 
 
 freraens tarn magis, et efFera tristibus flammis, quam 
 
 raging so much the more, and savage with mournful flames, as 
 
 pugnje magis crudescunt efiuso sanguine. At lo, 
 
 the contest the more becomes fierce with flowing blood. But lo, 
 
 cornibus sublatis, insignibat levem clypeum auro, jam 
 
 with horns upraised, distinguished his light shield with gold, now 
 
 obsita setis, jam bos ("ingens argumentum) et Argus 
 
 covered with bristles, now a heifer (a great device) and Argus 
 
 custos virginis, que pater Inachus fundens amnem 
 
 the keeper of the maid, and father Inachus pouring out a river 
 
 caelatd urna". Nimbus peditum insequitur, que 
 
 from bis engraved urn. A cloud of foot soldiers followed, and 
 
 clypeata agmina densantur totis campis; que Argiva 
 
 shielded troops condense through all the plains; and the Argive 
 
 pubes, que Auruncae manus, Rutuli, que veteres Sicani, 
 
 youth, and Auruncian bands, the Rutulians, and ancient Sicanians, 
 
 et Sacranas acies, et Labici picti scuta: qui arant 
 
 and Sacranian troops, and the Labici painted as to their shields: who plough 
 
 tuos saltus, Tiberine, que sacrum litus Numici, que 
 
 your lawns, O Tiber, and the sacred shore of-Niimicus, and 
 
 exercent- Rutulos colles vomere, que Circceum 
 
 cultivate the Rutulian . hills with the ploughshare and the Circxan 
 
 jugum; queis avis Anxurus Jupiter prassidet, et Feronia 
 
 mount; over whose fields Anzurian Jupiter presides, and Fevonia 
 
 gaudens viridi luco; qua atra palus Saturae jacet, que 
 
 rejoicing in her green grove; where the black marsh Satura lies, and 
 
 gelidus Ufens quaerit iter per imas valles, atque conditur 
 
 the cold Ufens seeks its way through deep ^ vales, and is lost 
 
 in mare. 
 
 in the sea. 
 
 Super hos Camilla bellatrix, advenit de Volsca 
 
 Beside these Camilla a female warriot, came from the Volscian 
 
 gente, agens agmen equitum et catervas florentes sere. 
 
 nation, leading on a troop of horsemen and companies flourishing with brass. 
 
 Bla non assueta femineas manus colo ve calathis 
 
 She had not accustom'd her feminine hands to the distaff or baskets 
 
 Minervae; sed virgo pati dura prcelia, qus 
 
 of Minerva; but a maid she. had learnt to endure severe warfare, and 
 
 praevertere ventos cursu pedum. Ilia volaret vel per 
 
 lo outstrip the wind in the swiftness of her feet. She flew either ovri
 
 219 
 
 808 
 
 sumrna gramina segetis intactae, nee laesisset teneras 
 
 the highest blades of corn untouched, nor did she injure the tender 
 
 aristas cursu; vel ferret iter per medium mare, 
 
 ears in her course; or she bore her way through the midst of the sea, 
 
 suspensa tumenti fluctu, nee tingeret celeres plantas 
 
 sustained by the swellia" wave, nor did she dip her swift feet 
 
 eequore. Omnis juventus effusa tectis que agria 
 
 in tin; sea. All the youth pouring out from the houses and fields 
 
 que turba matrum miratur, et prospectat illam euntem, 
 
 and the crowd of matrons admire and regard her going, 
 
 inhians attonitis animis; ut regius honos velet leves 
 
 gaping with astonished minds; as the royal honour veils her smooth 
 
 numeros ostro, ut fibula internectat crinem auro; 
 
 shoulders with purple, as the. buckle intertwines her hair with gold; 
 
 ut ipsa gerat Lyciam pharetram, et pastoralem myrtum 
 
 as she wears her Lycian quiver, and shepherd's mvrtlc 
 
 praefixS. cuspide. 
 
 on her pointed spear. 
 
 jENEID. 
 BOOK EIGHTH. 
 
 UT Turnus extulit signum belli ab Laurenti arce, et 
 
 As Turnus raised the standard of war from the Laurenti ne tower, and 
 
 cornua strepuerunt rauco cantu; que ut concussit acres 
 
 the trum'pets resounded with harsh din; and as he aroused the swift 
 
 equos, que ut impulit arma, extemplo animi turbati; 
 
 horses, and as he struck the arms, immediately all minds were agitated; 
 
 simul omne Latium conjurat trepido tumultu que effera 
 
 at the same time al! Latium conspires with trembling tumult and the eager 
 
 juventus ssevit. Primi ductores, Messapus et Ufens, que 
 
 youth rage. The first leaders, Messapus and Ufens, and 
 
 Mezentius, contemtor Defim, cogunt auxilia uridique, 
 
 Mezentius, thedespiser of the Gods, collect their forces from every side, 
 
 et vastant latos agros cultoribus. Et Venulus mittitur 
 
 and lay waste the broad fields for the cultivators. And Venulus is sent 
 
 ad urbera magni Diomedis, qui petat auxilium, et edoceat 
 
 to the city of great Diomede, Who may ask assistance, and inform 
 
 Teucros consistere Latio; .flSnean advectum classi 
 
 Oat tbeTrojaus are established in Latiura; tkatJEneaa had arrived with his fled
 
 220 11 
 
 que referre victos Penates, et dicere se posci 
 
 and brings the conquered household Gods, and declares himself to be demanded 
 
 regem fatis; que multas gentes adjungere se Dardanio 
 
 king by the fates; and that many nations join themselves to the Trojan 
 
 viro, et nomen increbescere late Latio. Quid struat 
 
 hero, and that his name spreads wide in Latium. What he may purpose 
 
 his caeptis; quern eventum pugnae cupiat, si fortuna 
 
 by these attempts; what event of war he may desire, if fortune 
 
 sequatur, apparere manifestius ipsi quam regi Turno aut 
 
 favours, appears more clear to himself than to king Turnus or 
 
 regi Latino. Talia per Latium; cuncta quae 
 
 to king Latinus. Such things vert done through Latium; all which 
 
 Laomedontius heros videns, fluctuat magno sestu curarurn, 
 
 the Trojan hero seeing, fluctuates with a great tide of cares. 
 
 atque dividit celerem animum nunc hue, nunc illuc, que 
 
 and divides his active mind now here, now there, and 
 
 rapit in varias partes que versat per. omnia, sicut 
 
 bear* it away to various subjects and turns it through all things, as 
 
 ubi tremulum lumen aquae ahenis labris, repercursum sole, 
 
 when the tremulous light of water in brazen vessels, reflected by the sun 
 
 aut imagine radiantis lunae, pervolitat omnia loca late 
 
 or by the image of the glowing moon, flits over -all places far around 
 
 que jam erigitur sub auras, que ferit laquearia summi 
 
 and now is raised near to the skies, and strikes the ceiling of the lofty 
 
 tecti. Erat nox, et altus sopor habebat fessa animalia 
 
 roof. It was night, and deep sleep possessed wearied animals 
 
 per omnes terras, genus alituum que pecudum; cum pater 
 
 through all lands, the race of birds and flocks; when father 
 
 ./Eneas, turbatus pectora tristi bello, procubuit in ripd que 
 
 /Eneas, disturbed in his breast by sad war, lay on the bank and 
 
 sub axe gelidi aetheris que dedit seram quietem per 
 
 under the pole of the cold sky and gave late rest through 
 
 membra. Deus ipse loci, senior Tiberinus, amaeno 
 
 his limbs. The God himself of the place, the aged Tiber, by the pleasant 
 
 fluvio, visus huic attollere se inter populeas frondes; 
 
 stream, seemed to him to raise himself among poplar leaves; 
 
 tenuis carbasus velabat eum glauco amictu, et umbrosa 
 
 a light sail covered him with a sea-green dress, and shady 
 
 arundo tegebat crines. Turn affari sic et demere curas 
 
 reed protected his locks. Then he began tospeak thus and to banish carea 
 
 his dictis: O sate gente Deum qui revehis nobis 
 
 by these words: O sprung, from the race of Gods who bringest back toua 
 
 Trojanam urbem ex hostibus, qui servas seterna Pergama, 
 
 the Trojan city from our enemies, who preserves! the eternal citadel of Troy, 
 
 expectate Laurenti solo que Latinis arvis; hie cerla 
 
 looked for on the Laurentian soil and Latian fields; here is a certain 
 
 domus tibi, certi Penates; ne absiste, neu terrere 
 
 borne for you, sure household Godr: do not withdraw, or be frigliteund
 
 221 40 
 
 minis belli. Omnis tumor et irae DeQm concessere, que' 
 
 by ilie threats of war. All the rage and anger of the Gods have ceased, and 
 
 jam lie putes somnum fingere base vana, ingens 
 
 now lost you should think that sleep feigns these vain things, a great 
 
 BUS inventa tibi sub litoreis illicibus, enixa fetus 
 
 BOW discovered by you under the shore-broidering oaks, having borne a litter 
 
 triginta capitum, jacebit; alba, recubans solo; albi 
 
 of thirty head, shall lie; white, reclining on the ground; her white 
 
 nati circum ubera. Hie erit locus urbis, ea certa requies 
 
 offspring around her dugs. This shall be a place of a city, this a sure rest 
 
 laborum; ex quo ter denis annis redeuntibus, Ascanius 
 
 of labours; from which time thrice ten years returning, Ascanius 
 
 condet urbem Albam clari cognominis. Haud cano 
 
 Bhall build the city Alba of renowned name. Neither do I sing things 
 
 incerta. Nunc adverte, docebo paucis, qua ratione 
 
 boubtful. Now attend, 1 will teach in a few words by what means 
 
 victor expedias quod instat. Arcades, genus 
 
 a conqueror you may accomplish what is to be done. The Arcadians, a race 
 
 profectum a Pallante, qui comites regem Evandrum, qui 
 
 descended from Pallas, who as companions to king Evander, who 
 
 secuti signa, delegere locum his oris, et in montibus 
 
 following his banners, have chosen a place in these coasts, and on the mountains 
 
 posuere urbem Pallanteum de nomine Pallantis proavi. 
 
 have placed a city PalUnteum . from the name of Pallas their ancestor. 
 
 Hi ducunt bellum assidue cum LatinA. gente; adhibe hos 
 
 They wage war continually with the Latin nation; take them 
 
 socios castris, etjunge foedera. Ego ipse ducam te 
 
 associates to your camps, and unite inatreaty. 1 myself will lead you 
 
 ripis et recto flumine, ut subvectus superas adversum 
 
 by the banks and direct stream, so that upborne you may overcome the opposing 
 
 amnem remis. Age, surge, nate Ded, que primis astris 
 
 river with oars. Come, arise, born of a Goddess, and with the first stars 
 
 cadentibus fer preces rite Junoni, que supera iram que 
 
 declining oflfer prayers formally to Juno, and surmount her anger and 
 
 minas supplicibus votis. Victor persolves honorem mihi. 
 
 threats by humble vows. A conqueror you shall pay honour to me. 
 
 Ego sum, quern cernis stringentem ripas pleno flumine, 
 
 I am he, whom you see grazing the banks with full stream, 
 
 et secantem pinguia culta, caeruleus Tibris, amnis 
 
 and separating the rich cultivated Jidda, azure Tiber, a river 
 
 gratissimus ccelo. Hie mihi magna domus: caput exit 
 
 most grateful to heaven. Here to me ts a great house: my source proceeds 
 
 celsis urbibus. Fluvius dixit, deinde condidit se alto 
 
 from lofty cities. The river God said, then concealed himself in thedeep 
 
 lacu, petens ima; nox que somnus reliquit ^Enean. 
 
 lake, seeking the bottom; night 'and sleep abandoned ./Eneas. 
 
 Surgit, et spectans orientia lumina fefherii solis sustulit 
 
 He arises, and surveying the rising lights of the celestial sun raised
 
 22* 69 
 
 tmdam rite cavis palmis de flumine, ac effudit talcs 
 
 water formally in his hollow hands from the river, and uttered these 
 
 voces ad sethera: Nymphae, Laurentes nymphs, unde 
 
 words to the skies: Ye nymphs, ye Laurentian nymphs, from whence 
 
 est genus amnibus; que tu, O Tybri genitor, cum tuo 
 
 is the origin to rivers; and ihou, O Tyber father, with thy 
 
 sancto flumine: accipite ./Enean, et tandem arcete periculis. 
 
 holy stream: receive ./Eneas, and at last free Aim from dangers. 
 
 Quocunque fonte lacus tenet te miserantem nostra 
 
 In whatever fountain your lake detains you compassionating ou 
 
 incommoda, quocunque solo pulcherrimus exis, celebrabere 
 
 misfortunes, from whatever soil most beautiful you proceed you shall 
 
 semper meo honore, semper donis, corniger fluvius, 
 
 honoured ever by my regard, ever by gifts, horn-bearing river, 
 
 regnator Hesperidum aquarum; tandem adsis, et proprius 
 
 ruler of the Italian waters; O at length be present, and kindly 
 
 firmes tua numina. Sic memorat, que legit geminas 
 
 confirm thy divinity. Thus he speaks, and selects two 
 
 biremes de classe, que aptat remigio; simul 
 
 galleys from the fleet, and prepares them for rowing; at the same time 
 
 instruit socios armis. 
 
 be furnishes his companions with arms. 
 
 Autem ecce subitum monstrum atque mirabile oculis, 
 
 But lo a sudden prodigy and wonderful to the eyes; 
 
 Candida sus concolor cum albo fcetu, procubuit per 
 
 a white sow of one colour with her white litter, lay in 
 
 sylvam que conspicitur in viridi litore; quam pius 
 
 the wood and is seen on the verdant shore; which pious 
 
 ^Eneas mactat tibi, enim tibi, maxima Juno, ferens 
 
 /Eneas offers to thee, even to thee, supreme Juno, offering 
 
 sacra et sistit ad aram cum grege. Tybris lenivit 
 
 sacrifices and places it at the altar with the flock. Tiber suoth'd 
 
 tumentem fluvium e nocte, quam longa est, et refluens 
 
 his swelling stream that night, however long it is, and flowing hack 
 
 ita substitit tacitS. undo", ut sterneret acquor 
 
 'thus stood with its silent wave, .as he'smooth'd the surface 
 
 aquis in morem mitis stagni que placidae paludis 
 
 with it* waters in the manner of a gentle pool and a peaceful lake 
 
 ut luctamen abesset remo. Ergo celerant 
 
 o that struggling was absent from the oar. Therefore they hasten 
 
 inceptum iter secundo rumore. Uncta abies labitui 
 
 tkeir begun journey with favouring shout. The anointed boat glides 
 
 vadi* et undae mirantur; nemus insuetum 
 
 on the waves, and the surges admire; the grove unused to these things 
 
 miratur scuta virum fulgentia longe que pictas carinas 
 
 admires the shields of men shining from far and the painted keel? 
 
 innare fluvio. Olli fatigant que noctem que diem 
 
 over the river. They weary both night and da)
 
 223 9-1 
 
 remigio, et superant longos flexus, que teguntur variis 
 
 with rowing, and they overcome the long windings, and are protected by various 
 
 arboribus, que secant virides sylvas placido sequore. 
 
 treea, and cut the green woods reflected on the peaceful water. 
 
 Igneus sol conscenderat medium orbem coeli, cum 
 
 The fiery sun had ascended the middle circle of heaven, when 
 
 vtdent muros que arcem procul, et rara tecta 
 
 they behold the walls and citadel afar off, and scattered roofs 
 
 domorum, quae nunc Romana potentia equavit coelo: 
 
 of the houses, which now Roman power has equalled with the sky: 
 
 turn Evandrus habebat inopes res. Advertunt proras 
 
 then Evander possess'd his poor estates. They turn their prows 
 
 ocius que propinquant urbi. Forte illo die rex Areas 
 
 quickly and approach the city. By chance on that day king Areas 
 
 ferebat solennem honorem magno Aphitryoniadse, que 
 
 offered an annual honour to the great son of Amphitryon, and 
 
 Divis in luco ante urbem. Pallas filius una, omnes 
 
 to the Gods in the grove before the city. Pallas his son together, all 
 
 primi juvenum una, que pauper senatus, dabant 
 
 the chief of the youth together, and the poor senate, offered 
 
 thura huic; que tepidus cruor fumabat ad aras. Ut 
 
 frankincense to him; and the warm blood smoked at the altars. Aa 
 
 videre celsas rates atque allabi inter opacum nemus, 
 
 they saw the lofty ships both to glide among the dark forest. 
 
 et incumbere tacitis remis, terrentur subito 
 
 and the sailors to lean on their silent oars, they are alarmed at the sudden 
 
 visu, que cuncti consurgunt mensis relictis; quos 
 
 Bight, and all arise the tables being abandoned; whom 
 
 audax Pallas ^vetat rumpere sacra que ipse, telo 
 
 daring Pallas forbids to interrupt the sacrifices and he, his weapon 
 
 rapto, volat obvius, et procul e tumulo inquit: 
 
 being seized, flies to meet ihem, and \ far from the tomb said. 
 
 Juvenes, quae causa subegit ' tentare ignotas vias? quo 
 
 Young men, what cause compels you to attempt unknown ways? whither 
 
 tenditis? qui genus? unde domo? ne fertis 
 
 do you steer? who are you as to your race? where your home? do you bring 
 
 pncem an arma? Turn Pater ^Eneas sic fatur ab, aM 
 
 peace or arms? Then Father ^Eneas thus speaks from the lofty 
 
 puppi que praetendit rarnum pacifera olivee manu: vides 
 
 ship and extends a branch of peaceful olive in his hand: you see 
 
 Trojugenas, ac tela inimica- Latinis, quos profugos illi 
 
 thesonsof Troy, and weapons hostile to the Latins, whom fugitives they 
 
 egre superbo bello. Petimus Evandrum. Ferte hsec 
 
 have made by proud war. We seek Evander. Bear these thiug-t 
 
 et dicite lectos duces Dardaniae venisse, rogantes socia 
 
 and say that chosen leaders of Troy have come, asking friendly 
 
 arma* Pallas perculsus tanto nomine obstupuit; ait, 
 
 arms. Pallas struck by so great a name .stood umaz'd; be said
 
 224 1522 
 
 O quicunque es, egredere que alloquere coram parentem 
 
 O whoever you arc, approach and speak before my father 
 
 ac hosnes succcde nostris Penatibus. Que accepit manu, 
 
 nd a guest approach our household gods. And he took him by the hand, 
 
 que amplexus dextram inhaesit; progress! subeunt 
 
 nd embracing his right hand clung to Aim; advancing they cuter 
 
 luco, que relinquunt fluvium Turn ./Eneas affatur regem 
 
 the prove, and leave the river. Then JEneas addresses the king 
 
 amicis dictis: Oplime Grajugenflm, cui fortuna 
 
 with friendly words: Obest of the sons of the Greeks, to whom fortune 
 
 voluit me precari, et praetendere ramos comptos 
 
 has willed that I pray, and holdout branches adorned 
 
 vittS.: Equidem non extimui, quod 
 
 with the fillet Indeed neither had I feared, because 
 
 ductor Danaum et Areas, que quod a stripe 
 
 a leader of the Greeks and an Arcadian, and because from your origin 
 
 fores conjunctus geminis Atridis; sed mea virtus, 
 
 you were united with the two sons of Atreus; but my own courage, 
 
 et sancta oracula Divum, que cognati patres, tua fama 
 
 and the holy oracles of the Gods, and our related fathers, your own fame 
 
 didita terris, conjunxere me tibi; et egere me 
 
 pread over the earth, had united me to you; and made me 
 
 volentem fatis; Dardanus primus pater et auctor 
 
 obedient to the fates; Dardanus the first parent and founder 
 
 Iliacse urbis, cretus Electra Atlantide, ut Graii 
 
 of the Trojan city, born from Electra daughter of Atlas, as Greeks 
 
 perhibent, advehitur Teucros; Maximus Atlas, qui 
 
 relate, is borne on to the Trojans; All powerful Atlas, who 
 
 eustinet aetherios orbes humero, edidit Electram. 
 
 upholds the celestial spheres with his shoulder, begot Electra. 
 
 Mercurius est pater vobis, quern conceptum Candida 
 
 Mercury is father to you, whom being conceived fair 
 
 Maia fudit gelido vertice Cyllenes. At, si credimus 
 
 Mara bore on the cold top of Cyllene. But, if we believe 
 
 quicquam auditis, Atlas, idem Atlas, qui tollit sidera 
 
 any thing in things is heard, Atlas, the same Atlas, who supports the stars 
 
 cceli, generat Maiam. Sic genus amborum scindit se 
 
 of heaven, begat Maia. Thus the rac of both divides itself 
 
 ab uno sanguine. Fretus his, non pepigi legates, 
 
 from one blood. Trusting to these, I did not resort to ambassadors, 
 
 neque prima tentamenta tui per artem: ipse objeci 
 
 nor the first trials of you by art: I have exposed 
 
 me, me, que meum caput, et supplex veni ad limina. 
 
 .myself, myself, and my own life, and humbly have come to your gates. 
 
 Eadem Daunia gens, quae insequitur te crudeli bello; si 
 
 The same Daunian race, which persecutes you by cruel war; u 
 
 pellant nos, credunt nihil abesse, quiu mittanl 
 
 they phouid banish us, they believe nothing is wanting, but they will snd
 
 225 148 
 
 oranem Hesperiam penitus sub sua juga, et teneant mare, 
 
 til Italy far under their yokes, and will hold the sea, 
 
 quod alluit supra, que quod infra. Accipe que da 
 
 which flows above, and which is beneath. Receive and impart 
 
 fidem. Sunt nobis pectora fortia bello, sunt animi, el 
 
 confidence. These are to us breasts brave for war, these are minds, and 
 
 juventus spectata rebus. ^Eneas dixerat; ille jamdudum 
 
 youth experienced in deeds. .(Eneas said; he long 
 
 lustrabai os que oculos loquentis, et totum corpus lumine 
 
 had surveyed the face and eyes of him speaking, and his whole body with his eye 
 
 Tune refert pauca sic: ut libens accipio que 
 
 Then he' responds in a few words thus: how willingly I receive and 
 
 agnosco te, fortissime Teucrflm! ut recorder verba, 
 
 acknowledge you, most brave of the Trojans! how I call to mind the words, 
 
 et vocem que vultum magni parentis Anchisae; nam 
 
 and voice and looks of your greart father Anchises; for 
 
 memini Laomedontiaden Priamum, visentem regna 
 
 I remember that Laomedon's son Priam visiting the kingdom! 
 
 sororis Hesiones, petentem Salamina, protinus invisere 
 
 of Aii- sister Hesione, seeking Salamis, from afar came 
 
 gelidos fines Arcadiae. 
 
 to the cold boundaries of Arcadia. 
 
 Turn prima juventa vestibat mihigenas floret que 
 
 Then early youth clothed my cheeks with its flower: and 
 
 mirabar Teucros duces, et mirabar Laomedontiaden ipsum; 
 
 I admired the Trojan leaders, and I admired the son of Laomedon himseli; 
 
 sed Anchises ibat altior cunctis. Mens ardebat mihi 
 
 but Anchises walked higher than all. My mind glowed tome 
 
 juvenili amore compellare virum, et conjuhgere dextram 
 
 with youthful love to address the hero, and unite my right hand 
 
 dextrae. Accessi, et cupidus duxi sub mrenia Phenei. 
 
 to his right hand. I approached, and anxiously I led him to the walls of Pheneiis. 
 
 Ille disced ens dedit mihi insignem pharetram, que Lycias 
 
 He departing gave to me a splendid quiver, and Lycian 
 
 sagittas, que chlamydem intertextam auro que bina aurea 
 
 arrows, and a cloak interwoven with gold and two golden 
 
 froena, quae meus Pallas nunc habet. Ergo et dextra 
 
 bridles, which my Pallas now has. Therefore both my right hand 
 
 quam petitis est juncta mihi fcedere, et cum primum 
 
 which yott ask is joined by me. in treaty, and when ' first 
 
 crastina lux reddet se terris, dimittam laetos auxilio 
 
 to-morrow's light shall restore itself to the earth, I will send you joyful, with aid 
 
 que juvabo opibus. Interea, quando venistis 
 
 and I will assist you with my wealth. In the mean time since you have come 
 
 hue amici, faventes nobiscum celebrate haec annua sacra 
 
 here friends, rejoicing with us celebrate these annual sacrifices 
 
 quae nefas differe etjam nunc assuescite mensis 
 
 which, it it wrong to put off and now now be accustomed to the tabls*
 
 226 175 
 
 sociorum. Ubi hc dicta, jubet dapes et pocula 
 
 of your friends. When these things were said, he orders feasts and bo wit 
 
 sublata reponi que ipse local viros gramineo sedile: que 
 
 borne in to be replaced and ne places the men on the grassy seat: and 
 
 accepit praecipuum ^Enean toro, et pelle villosi leonis, 
 
 receives distinguished ./Eneas on a couch, and the skin of a shaggy lion, 
 
 que invitat acerno solio. Turn lecti juvenes que sacenlos 
 
 and invites Aim to a maple throne. Then chosen ^youth and the priesi 
 
 ara certatim ferunt tosta viscera taurorurh que onerant 
 
 of the altar eagerly bear roasted entrails / '~~ > |of bullsf^and load 
 
 dona laboratae cereris canistris, que miniswlnt Bacchum. 
 
 the gifts of prepared corn in baskets, and supply/ wine. 
 
 jEneas et simul Trojana juvenlus, vescitur tergo perpetui 
 
 JEneaa and at once the Trojan youth, fed on the chine of a whole 
 
 bovis et lustralibus* extis. Postquam fames exempta, el 
 
 ox and the consecrated entrails. After hunger was overcome, and 
 
 amor edendi compressus, rex Evandrus ait: Non 
 
 the love of eating repressed, the king Evander said: Not 
 
 superstitio vana que ignara veterum Deorum, imposuit haec 
 
 superstition vain and ignorant of the ancient gods, has imposed tbes 
 
 solenma nobis, has dapes ex more, hanc aram 
 
 olemnities onus, these feasts according to our manner, this altar 
 
 tanti numinis, Trojane hospes, servati soevis periculis, 
 
 of so great a god, O Trojan guest, preserved from cruel dangers. 
 
 facimus que novamus meritos honores. Jam primum aspice 
 
 we perfprm and renew deserved honours. Now first see 
 
 hanc rupem suspensam saxis ut moles disjecta procul, 
 
 this rock suspended by cliffs as the mass scattered far around, 
 
 que domus mentis stat deserta, et scopuli traxere 
 
 and the house of the mountain stands abandoned, and the rocks have drawn down 
 
 ingentem ruinam. Hie fuit spelunca submota vasto 
 
 great destruction. Here has been a cave removed into a vast 
 
 recessu, quam, inaccessam radiis solis, dira facies 
 
 recess, which, inaccessible to the rays of the sun, the direful foira 
 
 Caci semihominis tenebat: que semper humus tepebat 
 
 ofCacus half human held: and always the ground was warm 
 
 recenti ccede; que ora virflm affixa superbis foribus 
 
 with fresh slaughter; and the faces- of men fastened to the proud doors 
 
 pendebant pallida tristi tabo. Vulcanus erat pater huic 
 
 hung pale with sad gore. Vulcan was father to this 
 
 monstro; vomens illius atros ignes ferebat se magnS 
 
 monster; belching his black flames he bore himself with his vast 
 
 mole. Aliquando aetas attulit et auxilium que adventum 
 
 bulk. At length time brought both aid and the advent 
 
 Dei nobis optantibus. Nam Alcides aderat, maximus 
 
 of a God tons desiring. For Hercules was present, mtr great 
 
 ultor superbus nece que spoliis tergemini Geyronis, 
 
 vender e ated by the death and spoils of the triple-form*) !cj ron,
 
 227 203 
 
 que victor agebat ingentes tauros hac: que boves tenebant 
 
 and a conqueror drove his great bulls here: and the heifers possessed 
 
 vallem que amnem. At mens Caci effera furiis, ne 
 
 ihe vale and the river. But the mind of Cacus brutal through rage, lest 
 
 quid ve sceleris ve doli fuisset inausura aut 
 
 any thing either of crime or fraud should have been not dared of 
 
 intractatum, avertit quatuor tauros praestanti corpore a 
 
 unattenipted, turned away four bulls of beautiful form from 
 
 stabulis, totidem juvencas superante forma: atque 
 
 the stables, and as many heifers of excelling beauty: and 
 
 occultabat hos opaco saxo, tractos in speluncam cauda, 
 
 hid , them in a dark cliff, dragged into the cave by the tail, 
 
 que raptos versis indiciis viarum ne forent qua 
 
 and drawn by the inverted tracks of the paths lest there should be any 
 
 vestigia rectis pedibus. Nulla signa ferebant quEerentem 
 
 marks of direct feet. No signs led him seeking 
 
 ad speluncam. Interea cum jam Amphitryoniades 
 
 to the cave. In the mean time when now Hercules 
 
 moveret saturata armenta stabulis, que pararet abitum 
 
 moved the full fed flocks from the stables, and prepared to depart 
 
 boves mugire discessu, atque omne nemus impleri 
 
 the heifers began to low at their departure, and all the grove to be filled 
 
 querelis, et colles relinqui clamore, Una bourn 
 
 with complaints, and the hills to be left with a cry. One of the hcifen 
 
 reddidit vocem, que mugivit sub vasto antro, et custodita 
 
 returned the cry, and bellowed under the vast cave, and guarded 
 
 fefellit spem Caci. Hie vero dolor atro felle exarserat 
 
 deceived the hope of Cacus. Here indeed grief with black gall inflamed 
 
 Alcidae furiis: rapit arma manu, que robur gravatum 
 
 Hercules* rage: he seizes arms in his hand, and a club heavy 
 
 nodis, et petit ardua ae'rii mentis cursu. Turn primum 
 
 with knots, and seeks the height of an airy mountain in his course. Then first 
 
 nostri videre Cacum timentem que turbatum oculis. 
 
 our friends beheld Cacua fearing and disturbed in his eyes. 
 
 Eicit fugit ocior Euro, que petit speluncam; timor 
 
 , Forthwith he flies swifter than the east wind, and seeks the cave; fear 
 
 addidit alas pedibus. Ut inclusit sese, que catenis ruptis 
 
 added wings to his feet. As he inclosed himself, and the chains being burst 
 
 dejecit immane saxum, quod pendebat ferro, et 
 
 he threw down the huge rock, which hung suspended by iron, and 
 
 paternd arte, que emuniit postes fultos obice; ecce! 
 
 his father's art, and fortified the posts supported by a bolt; io! 
 
 Tirynthius, furens animis, aderat que lustrans omneni 
 
 Hercules, raging in his feelings, was present and surveying all 
 
 accessum, ferebat ora hue et illuc, infrendens dentibus. 
 
 the approach; cast his eyes here and there, gnashing with his teeth. 
 
 Fervidus ir, ter lustrat totum montem Aventini; ter 
 
 Glowing with -age, thrice he surveys all the mountain of Aventine; ttific*
 
 228 233 
 
 nequicquam tentat saxea lirnina: ter fcssus resedtt 
 
 in vain he tries the rocky gates: thrice wearied he Bat dowc 
 
 valle. Acuta silex stabat saxis praecisis undique, 
 
 in the vale. A sharp cliff* stood with rocks cut off on every side, 
 
 insurgens dorso speluncse, altissima visu, domus opportuna 
 
 rising on the back of the cave, very high to view, an abode fit 
 
 rudis dirarum volucrum* 
 
 foi nests of direful birds. 
 
 Dexter, nitens in adversum, concussit hanc, 
 
 On the right bending against the opposing rock, he shook it, 
 
 ut prona incumbebat jugo ad aranem laevum, et 
 
 b that inclining it leaned against the mountain to the river on the left, and 
 
 solvit avulsum irnis radicibus; inde repente impulit; 
 
 broke it torn up from its lowest roots; then suddenly he hurled it down; 
 
 quo impulsu maximus aether insonat, ripae dissultant 
 
 by which effort the wide-extended air resounds, the banks leap apart 
 
 que amnis exterritus refluit. At specus, et ingens regia 
 
 and the river terrified flow? back. But the den, and great palace 
 
 Caci detecta apparuit, et ambrosae caveriwe penitus 
 
 of Cacus uncovered appeared, and the shady caverns deeply 
 
 patuere; non secus ac si terra, penirus dehiscens qua 
 
 were exposed; not otherwise than if the .earth, deeply opening by any 
 
 vi, reseret infernas sedes, et recludat pallida regna, 
 
 violence, should unlock the infernal seats, and lay open the pale kingdoms, 
 
 invisa Dis; que immane barathrum cernatur super, que 
 
 haled by the Gods; and the dreadful abyss should be seen from above, and 
 
 manes trepident lumine immisso. Ergo Alcides premit 
 
 the shades tremble light being admitted. Therefore Hercules pierced Aim 
 
 telis desuper repente deprensum in insperata luce, que 
 
 with darts from above suddenly seized in the unhoped-for light, and 
 
 inclusum cav6 saxo, atque rudentem insueta, que 
 
 but up in the hollow rock, and braying forth unaccustomed souiufc, and 
 
 advocat omnia arma, et instat ramis que vastis 
 
 calls on every kind of arms, and presses Aim with branches and vast 
 
 molaribus. Autem ille enim neque jam ulla fuga pericuh 
 
 mill-stones, But he fur neither now any flight of dangei 
 
 superest evomit ingentem fumum faucibus, mirabile dictu! 
 
 remained vomits much smoke from his jaws, wonderful to be told! 
 
 que involvit domum caecA caligine, eripiens prospectum 
 
 arid overwhelms the house with black smoke, snatching the prospect 
 
 oi'ulis; que glomerat fumiferam noctem sub antro, 
 
 from our eyes; and gathers smoky night under the cave, 
 
 tenebris commixtis igne. Alcides animis non tulit, 
 
 darkness mingled with fire. Hercules in his rage did not bear it, 
 
 que ipse jecit se per ignem pnecipiti sa,tu, qua 
 
 and he cast himself through the fire with headlong leap, where 
 
 plurimus fumus agit undam, que ingens specus aestuat 
 
 the abundant smoke drives out. its wave, and the huge den undulates
 
 229 258 
 
 atr ncbuld. Hie corripit Cacum, vomentem vana 
 
 ivitha black cloud. He seizes Cacus, vomiting vain 
 
 incendia in tenebris, complexus in nodum, et inhaerens 
 
 fires in darkness, grasping Aim in a knot, and seizing 
 
 angit elisos oculos, et guttur siccum sanguine. Extemplo 
 
 he squeezes Ins forced out eyes, and throat dry of blood. Forthwith 
 
 atra domus panditur foribus revulsis; que abstract boves 
 
 the black house is opened the doors being torn off; and the stolen heifers 
 
 que abjuratse rapinae, ostenduntur coelo: que informe cadaver 
 
 and forsworn plunder, are exposed to heaven; and the deformed corse 
 
 protrahitur pedibus. Corda nequeunt expleri tuendo 
 
 is drawn out by the feet. Our hearts cannotf be satisfied with beholding 
 
 terribiles oculos, vultum que pectora" semiferi villosa 
 
 lh terrible eyes, face and breast of the half-monster shaggy 
 
 setis, atque ignes extinctos faucibus. Ex illo 
 
 with bristles, and the fires extinguished in his jaws. From that tune 
 
 honos celebratus, que tati minores servavere diem; 
 
 ti* fame is celebrated, and joyful posterity have observed the day, 
 
 que primus auctor Potitius, et Pinaria domus custos 
 
 *nd our first founder Potitius, and the Pinarian family the keeper 
 
 Herculei sacri, statuit hanc aram luco, quae semper 
 
 of the Herculean sacrifice, has established this altar in the grove, which ever 
 
 erit maxima. Quare agite, O juvenes, inmunere tantarum 
 
 shall be greatest. Wherefore come on, O young men, in the favour of so great 
 
 laudum cingite comas fronde, et porrigite pocula 
 
 praises encircle your hair with the leaf, and holdout goblets 
 
 dextris; que vocate communem Deum, et volantes 
 
 in your right hands} and invoke our common God, and willing 
 
 date vina. Dixerat, cum populus vicolor velavit comas 
 
 give wine. He said, when the poplar variegated veiled his locks 
 
 Herculea umbra", que pependit, innexa foliis: et sacer 
 
 with Hercules' shade, and hung, bound with leaves: and the sacred 
 
 scyphus implevit dextram. Omnes ocius Iseti libant 
 
 cup filled his right hand. All quick joyful make libation 
 
 in mensam, que precantur Divos. Interea Vesper 
 
 on the table, and entreat the Gods. In themeantime the evening 
 
 fit proprior devexo Olympo: que jam sacerdotes, que 
 
 becomes nearer in the declining sky: and now the priests, and 
 
 primus Potitius, ibant cincti pellibus in morem, 
 
 first Potitius went covered with skins according to their manner, 
 
 que ferebant flammas. Instaurant epulas, et ferunt grata 
 
 and bore flames. They renew the feasts, and bear gratqful 
 
 dona secundae mensa?, que cumulant aras oneratis lancibus. 
 
 gifts to the second table, and heap the altars with loaded dishes. 
 
 Turn Salii evincti tempora populeis ramis, adsunt ad 
 
 Then the Salii bound about their temples with poplar branches, are present at 
 
 cantus, circum incensa altaria; hie chorus juvenum, illft 
 
 %he songs, around the burning altars; this band of young men, that
 
 230 288 
 
 senum, qui ferunt Herculeas laudes et facta carmine; ut 
 
 or old men, who eilol Hercules' praises and deeds in song; how 
 
 premens eliserit prima monstra novercae, que geininos 
 
 strangling be lore the first monsters of his step-mother, and her two 
 
 angues manu; ut idem tlisjecerit urbes que Trojam, que 
 
 nakes with his hand; how the same overthrew cities both Troy, and 
 
 CEchaliam egregias bello; ut pertulerit mille duros labores 
 
 OSchalia renowned in war; how he endured .a thousand severe labours 
 
 sub rege Euryslheo, falls iniquae Junonis. Tu invicte 
 
 oder king Eurystheus, by the fates of unjust Juno. You unconquercd 
 
 bimembres nubigenas, que Hylaeum que Pholum 
 
 slay the double limbed sons of the clouds, both Hyla-us and Phulus 
 
 manu; tu mactas Cressia prodigia, et vastum leonem 
 
 with your hand; you slay the Cretan monsters, and the vast lion 
 
 sub rupe Nemeae. Stygii lacus tremuere te. Janitoi 
 
 tinder the rock of Nemea. The Stygian lakes trembled for you. The keepvi 
 
 Orci, recubans cruento antro super semesa ossa, te, 
 
 of hell, reclining in his bloody cave upon half-eaten bones, for you 
 
 nec ulla facies non arduus Typhaeus 
 
 trembles, nor did any forma terrify you, nor did lofty Typtieus 
 
 ipse, tenens arma terruit te; Lsernaeus anguis turba 
 
 himself, holding arms terrify you; the Lirnean snake with his host 
 
 capitum, circumstetit te non egentem rationis. Salve vera 
 
 of heads, stalked around you not deprived of reason. Hail true 
 
 proles Jovis, addite decus Divis: dexter adi et nos et 
 
 offspring of Jove, add honour to the Gods: kindly visit both us and 
 
 tua sacra secundo pede. Celebrant talia carminibus: 
 
 your sacrifices wkh favouring foot. They celebrate these things with songs: 
 
 super omnia adjiciunt speluncam Caci, que ipsum spirantem 
 
 above all they add the cave ofCacus, and himself breathing 
 
 ignibus. Omne nemus consonat strepitu que colles 
 
 in fires. All the grove resounds with the noise and the lulls 
 
 resultant. 
 
 rebound. 
 
 Exin divinis rebus perfectis, cuncti referunt 
 
 Then these divine actions being accomplished, all withdraw 
 
 se ad urbem. Rex ibat obsitus sevo; et 
 
 themselves to the city. The king went oppress'd with age; and 
 
 mgrediens tenebat JEnean comitem que natum juxta. 
 
 walking he held ./Eneas as a companion and his son near ty. 
 
 Que levabat viam vario sermone. ^Eneas miratur 
 
 And be relieved the way with various discourse. ./Eneas admires 
 
 que fert faciles oculos circum omnia, que capitur 
 
 and moves his nimble eyes around all things, and is captivated 
 
 locis, et Icetus que exquirit que audit singula 
 
 with the places, and joyful both he seeks and hears all 
 
 monumenta priorum virum. Turn Rex Evandrus conditor 
 
 the monuments of former men. Then the king Evandrus the builder
 
 331 313 
 
 Xomanse arcis: Fauni que Nymphae indiginae, que o-ens 
 
 of the Roman tower spoke: The Pauns and Nymphs natives, and a* race 
 
 virflm nata truncis et duro robore, tenebant haec neraora, 
 
 of men born in trunks of trees and hard oak, possessed these grove^ 
 
 queis erat neque mos neque cultus; nee ndrant 
 
 to whom was neither manners nor cultivation; nor did they know 
 
 jungere tauros, aut componere opes, aut parcere 
 
 to yoke bulls, or to gather wealth, or to spare 
 
 parto; sed rami atque asper venatus victu 
 
 what they had obtained: but branches and savage hunting with food 
 
 alebat. Saturnus primus venit ab aetherio Olympo. 
 
 cherished them. Saturn first came from celestial Olympus. 
 
 fugiens arma Jovis, exul regnis ademptis. Is 
 
 flying the arms of Jove, an exile his kingdoms being taken away. He 
 
 composuit genus indocile ac dispersum altis montibus, 
 
 formed a race untaught and scattered in the lofty mountains, 
 
 que dedit leges; que maluit vocari Latium, quoniam 
 
 and gave laws; and chose to be called Latiam, since 
 
 latuisset tutus in his oris. Aurea secula, quae perhibent, 
 
 he lay conceal'd safe in these coasts. The golden ages, which they speak of, 
 
 fuerunt sub illo rege; sic regabat populos in placidal pace; 
 
 had been under this king; thus he ruled the people in tranquil peace; 
 
 donee paulatim deterior et decolor aetas, et rabies belli, 
 
 until by degrees a worse and varied age, and the madness of war, 
 
 et amor habendi successit. Turn Ausonia manus, et 
 
 and the love of possessing succeeded. Then the Ausonian band, and 
 
 Sicanae gentes venere; et saepius Saturnia tellus posuit 
 
 the Sicilian nations came, and often the Saturnian land laid aside 
 
 nomen. Turn reges que asper Tibris immani corpore; 
 
 its name. Then came kings and cruel Tiber of immense body; 
 
 a quo post Itali diximus fluvium Tibrim cognomine; 
 
 from whom afterwards the Italians called the river Tiber byname, 
 
 vetus Albula amisit verum nomen. Omnipotens fortuna 
 
 old Albula lost her true name. Omnipotent fortune 
 
 et ineluctabile fatum posuere me his locis, pulsum 
 
 and inevitable fate have placed me in these places, banished 
 
 patria", que sequentem extrema pelagi; que tremenda 
 
 from my country, and following the extremity of the ocean; and dreadful 
 
 monita Carmentis Nymphae matris, et Deus Apollo 
 
 admonitions of Carmentis the Nymph my mother, and the God Apollo 
 
 auctor, egere. Vix ea dicta, progressus dehinc, 
 
 our patron, urced us on. Hardly these words were said, proceeding thence, 
 
 monstrat et aram, et Carmentalem portam Romano 
 
 he points out both the altar, and the Carmentalian gate calPd by a Roman 
 
 nomine, quam memorant priscum honorem Carmentis 
 
 name, which they declare to be the ancient honour of the Garments! 
 
 Nymphae fatidicae vatis, quae prima cecinit ^Eneados 
 
 Nymph ibc fate declaring prophetess, who first foretold that the Trojan*
 
 232 340 
 
 futures magnos et Pallanteum nobile. Hinc ingentem 
 
 WD'jId be great and Pallanteum noble. Hence A<s/<ou> a great 
 
 ucum, quern acer RoYnulus retulit asylum, et monstrat 
 
 grove, which brave Romulus made a sanctuary, and shews 
 
 Lupercal sub gelida" rupe; dictum de Parrhasio moce 
 
 the Lupercal under i/ie cold rock, call'd from the Arcadian manner 
 
 Lycaei Panos. Nee non et monstrat nemus sacri Argileti, 
 
 of Lycean Pan, Likewise also he points out the grove of sacred Arciletus, 
 
 que testatur locum, et docet lethum hospitis Argi. Hinc 
 
 mid calls to witness the place, and teaches the death of his guest Argus. Hence 
 
 ducit ad Tarpeiam sedem et Capitolia, nunc aurea, 
 
 lie leads to the Tarpoan seat and the. Capitol, now golden, 
 
 olim horrida sylvestribus dumis. Jam turn dira 
 
 formerly rough with wild bushes. Even then the dreadful 
 
 religio loci terrebat pavidos agrestes; jam turn tremebant 
 
 religion of the place frightened the fearful rustics; even then they trembled 
 
 sylvam que saxum. Inquit, Deus (est incertum quis Deus) 
 
 at the wood and the rock. He says, a God (it is doubtful what God) 
 
 habitat hoc nemus, hunc collem frondosa vertice. Arcades 
 
 inhabits this grove, this bill with leafy top. The Arcadians 
 
 credunt se vidisse Jovem ipsum cum saepe concuteret 
 
 believe they have seen Jupiter himself when often he had shaken 
 
 nigrantem ^Egida dextra", que cieret nimbos. 
 
 his blackening shield with his right hand, and aroused the clouds. 
 
 Praeterea vides haec duo oppida muris disjectis, reliquias 
 
 Besides you see these two towns the walls being overthrown, the reliqups 
 
 que monumenta veterum virorum: pater Janus condidit 
 
 and monuments of former men: father Janus built 
 
 hanc, Saturnus hanc urbem, Janiculum fuerat nomen 
 
 this, Saturn tli.it city, Janiculum has been the name 
 
 huic, Saturnia illi. Talibus dictis inter se subibant 
 
 to this, Saturnia to that. With such words among themselves, they arrived 
 
 ad tecta pauperis Evandri; que videbant armenta passim 
 
 at the palace of poor Evandcr; and saw tho herd? every where 
 
 mugire Romano foro, et lautis Carinis. Ut ventum 
 
 to low in the Roman forum, and proud street Carinie. As they came 
 
 ad sedes, inquit, Alcides victor subivit haec limina; haec 
 
 to the seats, he said, Hercules a conqueror entered these gates; tins 
 
 regia cepit ilium: hospes, aude contemnere opes, et finge 
 
 palace received him; O guest, dare to despise riches, and render 
 
 te quoque dignum Deo que veni non asper egenis 
 
 yourself also worthy a God and come not churlish to our poor 
 
 rebus. Dixit, et duxit ingentem ^Enean subter fastigia 
 
 jxissessions. He said, and lead great ./Eneas beneath the roof 
 
 angusti tecti, que locavit stratis, effultum foliis et 
 
 of his humble house, and placed Aim on a couch, supported by leaves and 
 
 pelle Libystidis ursae. Nox ruit, et amplectitur telhircm 
 
 the skin of a Lybian bear Night rushes on, and embrares the earit
 
 233 370 
 
 fuscis alis. At Venus maler, baud nequicquam exterrita 
 
 with gloomy wings. But Venus At's mother, not in vain alarmed 
 
 animo, mota que minis Laurentum, et duro 
 
 in her mind, moved also by the threats of the Laurenti'ans, and direful 
 
 tumultu, alloquitur Vulcanum, que incipit haec aureo 
 
 tumult, addresses Vulcan, and begins these rords in the golden 
 
 thalamo conjugis, et aspirat divinum amorem 
 
 marriage chamber of her husband. and inspires divine love 
 
 dictis. Dum Argolici reges vastabant bello debita 
 
 by her words. While the Grecian kings laid waste by war the destined 
 
 Pergama * que arces casuras inimicis ignibus, non 
 
 walls of Troy and towers about to fall by hostile fi.es, neither 
 
 rogavi ilium auxilium miseris, non arma tua? 
 
 did I ask that aid for my wretched friends, nor arms of your 
 
 artis que opis, nee volui exercere te, carissime 
 
 art and aid, nor have I wished to exercise you, O dearest 
 
 conjux, ve tuos labores incassum. Quamvis et deberem 
 
 husband, or your labours in vain. Although even. I had owed 
 
 plurima natis Priami, et saepe flevissem durum laborem 
 
 many things to the sons of Priam, and often I had mourned the cruel laboui 
 
 ./Enese. Nunc constitit oris Rutulorum imperils 
 
 of .(Eneas. Now he has landed on the coasts of the Rutulians by the commands 
 
 Jovis: ergo, eadem venio supplex et genetrix nato, 
 
 of Jove: therefore the same I come humble and a mother for a son, 
 
 rogo arma numen sanctum mihi. Filia Nerei 
 
 ask arms of your deity sacred tome. The daughter ofNereus 
 
 potuit flectere te, Tithonia conjux te lacrymis. 
 
 could influence you, Tithonua' wife could influence you with tears. 
 
 A spice qui populi coe'ant, qu masnia acuant ferrum 
 
 Behold what people unite, what .towns sharpen the sword 
 
 portis clausis in me que excidium meorum! 
 
 their gates being closed against me and the ruin of my friends! 
 
 Diva dixerat, et niveis lacertis hinc atque hinc 
 
 The Goddess spoke, and with snowy arms on this side and that 
 
 fbvet cunctatem molli amplexu: ille repente accepil 
 
 she fondles him, delaying in her soft embrace. he suddenly catches 
 
 solitam flammam que notus calor intravit medullas, 
 
 the accustomed flame and the known warmth entered his marrow, 
 
 et cucurrit per labefacta. ossa; non secus atque olim 
 
 and ran through his agitated- bones; not otherwise than as sometima 
 
 cum ignea rima rupta corusco tonitru, micans percurrit 
 
 when a fiery flash bursting from glittering lightning, shining runs over 
 
 nimbos lumine. Conjux lasta dolis, et conscia formae 
 
 the tlouds with light. His wife rejoiced by the fraud, and conscious of beauty, 
 
 sensit. Turn pater, devinctus seterno amore, fatur 
 
 perceived it. Then " the father, bound by eternal love, sayg 1 
 
 Quid petis causas ex alto? quo fiducia haei cessit 
 
 Why do von seek causes from afar? whether has confidence of me ceas'd
 
 234 396 
 
 tibi Diva? si fuisset aimilis' cura, turn quoque fuisset 
 
 to you O Goddess? i f there bad been alike care, then also it had been 
 
 fas nobis armare Teucros. Nee omnipotens pater, nee 
 
 lawful for me to arm the Trojans. Nor the Almighty father, nor 
 
 fata vetabant Trqjam stare, que Priamum superesse 
 
 the fates did forbid Troy to stand, and Priam to survive 
 
 per alios decem annop. Et nunc si paras bellare atque 
 
 through other fen years, And now if you prepare to fight and 
 
 est tibi hiEC mens, quidquid curse in me& arfe possum 
 
 there is to you this disposition, whatever of care there is in my art I can 
 
 promittere, quid potest fieri ferro ve liquido- electro, 
 
 promise, what can he done by iron or liquid amli-r, 
 
 quantum ignes que animse valent; absiste indubitare 
 
 whatever tires and blasts can cflcct; cease to doubt 
 
 tuis viribus precando. Locutus ea verba, dedit 
 
 your own powers in praying. Having spoken these words, he gave 
 
 optatos amplexus; que infusus gremio conjugis petivit 
 
 the desired embraces; and stretched on the bosom of his wife he sought 
 
 placidum soporem per membra. Inde ubi prima quies 
 
 peaceful sleep through his limbs. Then when the first rest 
 
 expulerat somnum; medio curriculo noctis jam abactae, 
 
 had banished sleep; in the midst of the circle of night now passM away, 
 
 cum fcemina cui primum tolerare vitam colo 
 
 when the female to whom it is a first duty tosupport life by the distaff 
 
 que tenui Minerva 1 , suscitat cineram impositam 
 
 and the graceful arts of Minerva, awakens the ashes covered up 
 
 et sopitos ignes, addens noctem operi, que exercet 
 
 and the sleeping fires, adding night to her labour, and exercises 
 
 famulas ad lumina longo penso, ut possit servare 
 
 her female servants by the lights with a long task, that she may preserve 
 
 cubile conjugis castum, et educere parvos natos;.haud 
 
 the bed of her husband chaste, and bring up her little children; nol 
 
 secus ignipotens, nee segnior illo tempore 
 
 otherwise the fire powerful God, not more slothful at that time 
 
 surgit e mollibus stratis ad fabrilia opera. Insula erigitur 
 
 arises from his soft couch to his mechanical labours. An island arises 
 
 juxta Sicanium latus que Eoliam Liparen, ardua 
 
 near to the Sicilian side and Eolian Liparc, high 
 
 fumentibus saxis; subter quam specus, et Etnea antia, 
 
 with smoking rocks; beneath which a den, and Etnean caves, 
 
 exesa cammis Cyclopum, tonant, que validi ictus 
 
 perforated by chimneys of the Cyclops, thunder, and powerful blows 
 
 incudibus auditi referunt gemitum que stricture chalybum 
 
 on anvils beard re-echo the groan and bars of sii;ul 
 
 stridunt cavernis, et ignis anhelat fornacibus; domus 
 
 hiss in the caverns, and Hie fire pants in the furnaces; the house 
 
 Vulcani, et Vulcania tellus nomine. Tune Ignipotens 
 
 Of- Vulcan, and the VnlcHiiian Irnd 'jy name. Then the (ire jiov.vfuJ Cod
 
 235 4-23 
 
 descendit hue ab alto ccelo. Cyclopes que Brontes que 
 
 descended here from the high heaven. The Cyclops and Brontes and 
 
 Steropes et Pyraemon nudus membra, excercebant 
 
 Sleropes and Pyramon naked as to his limbs, exercised 
 
 ferrum in vasto antro. Erat his manibus fulmen 
 
 the iron in the vast cave. There was in these hands a thunderbolt 
 
 informatum, quae plurima genitor dejecit toto ccelo in 
 
 informed, which many the father sent from the whole heaven to 
 
 terras, parte jam polita; pars manebat imperfecta. 
 
 the earth, apart now being polished, a part remained unwrought. 
 
 Addiderunt tres radios torti imbris, tres aquosae nubis, 
 
 They added three rays of wreathed storm, three of the watery cloud, 
 
 tres rutili ignis et alitis Austri. .Nunc misceban 
 
 three of glittering lightning and the swift south wind. Now they mingled 
 
 operi terrificos fulgores que sonitum que metum, 
 
 in their labour terrific corruseations and noise and fear, 
 
 que iras sequacibus flammis. Alii parte instabant 
 
 and rage with persecuting flames. From another part they press on 
 
 Marti que currum que volucres rotas, quibus ille excitat 
 
 for Mars both the chariot- and swift wheels, by which he arouses 
 
 viros, quibus urbes; que certatim polibant horriferam 
 
 men, by which cities; and eagerly they polished the dread bearing 
 
 ^Egida arma turbatae Palladis, squamis serpentum que 
 
 shield the,arms of troubled Minerva, with scales of serpents and 
 
 auro, que angues connexos que Gorgona ipsam in pectore 
 
 gold, and snakes intertwined and the Gorgon itself in the breast 
 
 Divae verteritem lumina desecto collo. Inquit, 
 
 of the Goddess turning its eyes to its dissevered neck. He says, 
 
 JEtnei Cyclopes, tollite cuncta que auferte cseptos 
 
 ye Etnean Cyclops, take away all things and bear off yourbegim 
 
 labores, et advertite mentem hue. 
 
 Jabo'.irs, and turn your mind here. 
 
 Arma facienda acri viro; mine usus viribus, nunc 
 
 Arms are to be made for a brave man; now there is need for strength, now 
 
 rapidis manibus, nunc omni magistra' arte. Praecipitate 
 
 for rapid hands, now for all your masterly art. Banisb 
 
 moras. Nee effatus plura. At omnes illi ocius incubuere 
 
 delays. Nor did he speak more. But all they soon ply their work 
 
 que pariter sortiti laborem. sEs que metallum auri fluit 
 
 and equally assort the labour. Brass and the metal of gold flows 
 
 rivis; que vulnificus chalybs liquescit vastav fornice. 
 
 In streams; and the wounded stc-el melts in the vast furnace 
 
 Informant ingentem clypeum, unum contra omnia tela 
 
 They form a great shield, alone against all the darts 
 
 Latinorum, que impediunt septenos orbes orbibus. Alii 
 
 of the Latins, and interweave sevenfold circles with circles. Others 
 
 accipiunt que reddunt auras ventosis follibus; alii tingunt 
 
 receive und return blasts from windy bellows; others dip
 
 236 450 
 
 aera stricferffia lacu; antrum gcmit incudibus impositis. 
 
 the metal hissing in the trough; the cave resounds anvils being placed 
 
 Illi tollunt brachia inter sese, multsi vi in numerum, 
 
 They raise their arms among themselves, with much force in regular number. 
 
 que versant massam tenaci forcipe. Dum Lemnius pater 
 
 and they turn the mass with grasping tongs. While the Lemnian father 
 
 properat hacc ^Eoliis oris, alma lux et matutini 
 
 hastens these things on the ^Eolian coasts, the cheering light and morning 
 
 cantus volucrura sub culmine suscitat Evandrum ex 
 
 ougs of birds under his roof arouses Evandcr frnru 
 
 humili tecto. Senior consurgit que inducitur tunica 
 
 liis humble mansion. The old man arises and equips with a coat 
 
 artus, et circumdat Tyrhena vincula plantis pedum: 
 
 bis limbs, and girds Tyrhene bandages to the soles of his feel: 
 
 turn subligat Tegaeum ensem lateri, atque humeris, 
 
 then he binds a Tegsean sword to his side, and shoulders, 
 
 retorquens terga pantherae demissa ab laev<t. Nee non et 
 
 turning back theskiri of a panther suspended from his left side. Likewise 
 
 gemini canes custodes procedural ex alto limine que 
 
 two dogs his guards proceed from the high gate and 
 
 comitantur herilem gressum. Heros petebat sedem et 
 
 accompany their master's step. The hero sought the seat and 
 
 secreta hospitis JEnex, memor sermonum et promissi 
 
 retreats of his guest ./Eneas, mindful of Ins words and promised 
 
 muneris. Nee minus ^Eneas matutinus agebat se. Pallas 
 
 favour. Nevertheless ./Eneas early aroused himself. Pallas 
 
 n'lius ibat comes huic, Achates olli. Congressi 
 
 the son went as companion to the one, Achates to the other. Meeting 
 
 jungunt dextras, que residunt mediis aedibus, 
 
 they join right hands, Hnd sit down in the midst of the rooms, 
 
 et tandem fruuntur licito sermone. Rex prior haec. 
 
 and at length enjoy uninterrupted discourse. The king first said these 
 
 Maxime ductor Teucrorum, quo sospite equidem 
 
 things. Greatest leader of the Trojans, who being safe indeed 
 
 nunquam. fatebor res Trojae aut regna victas. 
 
 never will I confess the affairs of Troy or her kingdoms to be conquered. 
 
 Nobis exiguae vires ad auxilium belli pro tanto nomine: 
 
 To us are slender powers for aid of war for so great a name: 
 
 hinc claudimur Tusco amni, hinc Rutulus premit, 
 
 on this side we are surrounded by the Tuscan river, on this theRutulian presses, 
 
 et circumsonat murum armis. Sed ego paro jungere 
 
 and sounds around our wall with arms. But I prepare to unite 
 
 ingentes populos tibi; que castra opulenta regnis, quam 
 
 great people to you; and camps rich in kingdoms, which 
 
 salutem inopina fors ostentat; affers te hue fatis 
 
 succour unexpected chance presents; you bring yourself here the fates 
 
 poscentibus. Haud procul hinc sedes urbis Agyllinse, 
 
 demanding. Not far hence the scat of the city Agylla,
 
 237 478 
 
 fundata vetusto saxo, -incolitur, ubi quondam Lydia 
 
 founded on an ancient rock, is inhabited; where formerly the Lydian 
 
 gens, prseclara bello insedit Etruscis jugis. Deinde 
 
 nation, renowned in war settled down on the Etruscan mountains. Afterwards 
 
 rex Mezeritius tenuit hanc, florentem muitos annos, superbo 
 
 the king M>.-/.oictius held this, flourishing many years, in proud 
 
 imperio, et ssevis armis Quid memorem infandas 
 
 rule and cruel arms. Why should I relate At's dreadful 
 
 cffides? quid effera facta tyranni? Dii reservent 
 
 murders? why the savage deeds of the tyrant? May the Gods reserve them 
 
 ipsius capiti que generi. Quin etiam jungebatmortua corpora 
 
 for his head and race. For even he united dead bodies 
 
 vivis, componens manus manibus, atque ora oribus, genus 
 
 to living. placing hands to hands, and faces to faces, a kind 
 
 torment! et sic necabat fluentes sanguine que tabo in 
 
 of torture and thus he slew Mem dripping with blood and gore in 
 
 misero complexu longa" morte. At tandem cives 
 
 wretched embrace by a prolonged death. But at last his countrymen 
 
 fessi, armati circumsistunt que ipsum furentem infanda 
 
 wearied out, armed surround both him raging unutterable 
 
 que domum; obtruncant socios, jactant ignem ad 
 
 things and his family; they butcher his associates, they cast fire to his 
 
 fastigk. Ille elapsus inter caedes confugere in agros^ 
 
 roof. He escaping amidst the slaughter fled to the territories 
 
 Rutulorum, et defend! armis Tumi hospitis. Ergo 
 
 of the Rutulians, and was defended by the arms of Turnus his host. Therefore 
 
 omnis Etruria surrexit justis furiis praesenti marte reposcunt 
 
 all Etruria arose in just wrath in present war they redemand 
 
 regem ad supplicium. jEnea ego addam te ductorem 
 
 the king for punishment. /Eneas [ will add you a leader 
 
 his millibus. Namque puppes condensae fremunt 
 
 to these thousands. For the ships gathered rage. 
 
 toto litore que jubent ferre signa. Longjevus 
 
 through the whole shore and order to unfold the standards. The aged 
 
 aruspex canens fata retinet. O delecta juventus Maeonias 
 
 prophet foretelling fates restrains them. O chosen youth. ofMieonia 
 
 flos que virtus veterum virum quos Justus dolor fert 
 
 the flower and strength of ancient heroes whom a righteous grief bears 
 
 in hostem et Mezentius accendit merits, iri fas 
 
 against the foe and Mezentius inflames with deserved anger it is lawful 
 
 nulli Italosubjungere tan tarn gentem; optate externos duces. 
 
 for no Italian to subdue this great nation; chose foreign lealeis. 
 
 Turn Etruscaacies resedit hoc campo exterrita monitis 
 
 Then the Tuscan army sat down on this plain frightened by the admonition 
 
 DivGm. Tarchon ipse misit oratores que coronam 
 
 of the Gods. Tarchon himself sent orators and the crowr 
 
 regni cum sceptro ad me que mandat insignia: 
 
 of the kingdom with the sceptre to me and commends these stanJarJa
 
 238 507 
 
 sucredam castris que capessam Tyrrhena regna. Sed 
 
 JUl 1 would come to the camps and possess the Tuscan kingdoms. But 
 
 seneclus tarda ' gelu que effeta seculis invidet mihi 
 
 old age restrained by its frost and powerless by time envies ma 
 
 imperium. que vires serae ad fortia. Exhortarer 
 
 the empire, and my strength too late for brave deeds envies me. I would exhort 
 
 natum, ni mixtus Sabelld matre traheret parlem 
 
 ny son. unless mixed v ith a Sabine mother derives a pan 
 
 patriae hinc. Tu, cujus et annis et generi fatum 
 
 of his country from hence. You, whom both in years and race fate 
 
 indulget, quern numina. poscunt, ingredere 6 fortissime 
 
 indulges, whom the Cods demand, proceed O thnu bravest 
 
 ductor Teucrorum atque. Italorum. Praterea adjungam 
 
 leader of the Tuscans and Italians. Besides I will join 
 
 Pallanta hunc tibi, spes et solatia ostri: sub te 
 
 Pallas himself to you, the hope and consolation of me: under you 
 
 magistro assuescat tolerate militiam et grave opus 
 
 his master he shall be accustomed to endure warfare and the severe labour 
 
 Martis, cernere tua facta et miretur te ab primis annis. 
 
 of Mars, to behold your deeds and to admire you from his first years. 
 
 Dabo bis centum Arcadas equites huic, lecta robora 
 
 I will give two hundred Arcadian horsemen to him, the chosen strength 
 
 pubis, que Pallas totidem tibi suo nomine. -Vix 
 
 nf our youth, and Pallas v>illgioe as many to you in his own name. Scarcely 
 
 fatus erat ea que ./Eneas Anchisiades et fid us 
 
 had lv spoken these words both A'.noas the son of Anchisesand faithful 
 
 Achates tenebant ora defixi, que putabant multa 
 
 Achates held their countenances unmoved, and thought many 
 
 dura cum suo tristi corde, ni Cytherea dedisset signum 
 
 hard things in Iheir sad hearts, unless Venus liad given a signal 
 
 aperto ccelo; namque improvise fulgor, vibratus ab 
 
 In the open sky; for unexpectedly lightning, glittering from 
 
 aethere, venit cum sonitu; et omnia visa mere repente 
 
 the air, came with a sound; and all things seemed to rush suddenly 
 
 que Tyrrhenus clangor tubae mugire per aethera. 
 
 and the Tuscan clangor of the trumpet to rattle through (hi; heavens. 
 
 Suspiciunt iterum atque iterum ingens fragor intonat; 
 
 They look up again anj again a great sound thunders forth; 
 
 vident arma inter nubem rutilare per sudum in sercnd 
 
 they see arms within the cloud to glitter through the clear sky in th" <<!. -..e 
 
 regione coeli, et pulsa tonare. Alii obstupurre 
 
 lejriun nf heaven, and clashed together to thunder Others were axtoi.isni-d. 
 
 animis; sed Troius heros agnovit sonitum, et promissa 
 
 n their minds; but the Trojan hero knew the sound, a:id the promises 
 
 Diva? paienlis. Turn memorat, hospes, ne vero, ne profecto 
 
 /hi* divine mother Thru he says. . O host, do not indeed do not indeed 
 
 iu,tre quern casum portenta feranU ego poscor Olympo. 
 
 .ck what event these nro:!igies bring: 1 m /leiuauiled by heavetu
 
 239 531 
 
 Diva creatrix cecinit missuram hoc signum si belluna 
 
 My divine mother foretold she would send this signal if war 
 
 ingrueret, que laturam Vulcania arma per auras 
 
 should attack me, and that she would bear Vulcanian arms through the sKiea 
 
 auxilio. Heu quantse csedes instant miseris Laurentibus? 
 
 to my aid. Alas how great slaughter threatens the wretched Laurentines? 
 
 quas poenas dabis mihi Turne? quam multa scuta virorurr, 
 
 whal penalties shall you give to me OTurnus? how many ^shields(T~*1of men. 
 
 que galeas et fortia pectora, volves sub undas^rater' 
 
 and helmets and brave breasts, will you roll under your waves O Fallier 1 
 
 Tybri! Poscant acies, et rumpant foedera. Ubi dedit 
 
 Tiber! Let them demand armies, and break treaties. When he uttered 
 
 haec dicta, tollit se ab alto solio; et primum excitat 
 
 these words, he raises himself from the lofty throne; and first arouses 
 
 sopitas aras Herculeis ignibus, que laetus adit Larem, 
 
 the sleeping altars with Hercules' fires, and joyful approaches the household God, 
 
 hesternum que parvos Penates: mactatlectas bidentes 
 
 worshipped yesterday and the little household Gods; he sacrifices chosen sheep 
 
 de more; Evandrus pariter, Trojana juventus 
 
 according to custom; Evander also, the Trojan youth 
 
 pariter. Post hinc graditur ad naves, que revisit 
 
 'n like manner. After this he walks to the ships, and revisits 
 
 socios; de numero quorum legit praestantes virtute, 
 
 his companions; from the number of whom he selects those excelling in courage, 
 
 qui sequantur sese in bella: caetera pars fertur prona 
 
 who may follow him to the wars: the other part is borne on the declining 
 
 aqu&, que segnis defluit secundo amni, ventura nuncSa 
 
 water, and slow flow down the favouring stream, about to come bearing tidings 
 
 Ascanio que rerum que patris. Equi dantur Teucris 
 
 to Ascanius both of his affairs and his father. Horses are given to the Trojans 
 
 petentibus Tyrrhena arva: ducunt exsortem TEneae, quern 
 
 seeking the Tuscan fields: they lead a chosen one for /Eneas, which 
 
 obit fulva pellis leonis, praefulgens aureis unguibus, 
 
 covers the tawny skin of a lion, shining with golden claws, 
 
 totum. Subito fa'ma vulgata volat per parvam urbem, 
 
 all over. Suddenly fame spread abroad flies through the little city, 
 
 equites ire ocyus ad litora Tyrrheni regis. Matres 
 
 that horsemen were going quickly to the shores of the Tuscan king. The mothers 
 
 duplicant vota metu; que timor it propius periculo, 
 
 redouble their vows through fear; and fright goes nearer to the danger, 
 
 et imago martis apparet major. Turn Pater Evandrus 
 
 and the image of war' appears greater; Then Father Evander 
 
 complexus dextram euntis, haeret lacrymans 
 
 embracing the right hand of him going, bangs to him weeping 
 
 inexpletum, ac fatur talia; O si Jupiter referat pra-'teritos 
 
 immeasurably, and speaks these words: O if Jupiter would restore my past 
 
 annos mihi! qualis eram, cum stravi primam aciem sub 
 
 years to me! such as I was, when I threw down the first band un.ler
 
 240 562 
 
 ips& Praneste, que victor incendi acervos scutorum, et 
 
 even Preneste, and a conqueror 1 burnt piles of shields, and 
 
 hfic dextrd misi regem Herilum sub Tartara; cui 
 
 with (his rit'lit liaml I sent the king IJerilua under Tartarus; to whom 
 
 nascent! mater Feronia dederat tres animas, horrendum 
 
 when born his mother Feronia had given three lives, dreadful 
 
 dictu; terna arma movenda; erat ter sternendus letho; 
 
 10 be told; triple arms to be moved; he was thrice to be overthrown by deaili: 
 
 cui tamen turn haec dexlra abstulit omnes animas, 
 
 from whom nevertheless then this right hand took away all his lives, 
 
 et exuit tbtidem armis! nunc ego non divellerer 
 
 and stripped him of as many arms! now I neither had been torn 
 
 usquara tuo dulci amplexu, nate; neque unquain 
 
 ever from your sweet embrace, O son; nor ever 
 
 finitimus Mezentius, insultans huic capiti, dedisset tot 
 
 should my neighbour Mczentius, insulting this bead, have given so many 
 
 saeva funera ferro, viduasset urbem tarn multis civibus. 
 
 cruel deaths by the sword, have deprived the city of so many citizens 
 
 At vos, Superi, et tu maxime rector Divfim Jupiter, 
 
 But you, O ye Gods, and thou the greatest ruler of the Gods Jupiter. 
 
 quseso miserescite Arcadii regis, et audite patrias preces: 
 
 I pray you pity the Arcadian king, and hear a father's prayers: 
 
 si vestra numina, si fata reservant Pallanta incolumem 
 
 if your deity, if the fates preserve Pallas unharmed 
 
 mihi, si vivo visurus eum, et venturus in unum oro 
 
 to me, if I live to see him, and to come to my only son, I pray 
 
 vitam, et patiar durare quamvis laborem. Sin, fortuna, 
 
 for life, and I will bear to undergo any labour. But if, O fortune, 
 
 minaris aliquem infandum casum, nunc, nunc 
 
 you threaten any unspeakable misfortune, O now, now 
 
 liceat abrumpere crudelem vitam, dum curse ambigune, 
 
 may it be allowed to break through this cruel life, while cares are doubtful, 
 
 dum spes futuri incerta; dum teneo te complexu, 
 
 while hopes of the future are uncertain; while I hold tbee in my embrace, 
 
 care puer, mea sera et sola voluptas, ne gravior nuncius 
 
 Odear boy, my late and only pleasure, lest a more cruel message 
 
 vulneret aures. Genitor fundebat haec dicta supremo 
 
 fthould wound my ears. The father poured forth these words alhislart 
 
 digressu; famuli ferebant collapsum in tecta. Que adeo 
 
 departure; his servants bore him fainting to the palace. And thui 
 
 jam equitatus exierat apertis portis; ^Eneas et fidus 
 
 ow the' cavalry had departed from the open gates; ./Eneas and faithful 
 
 Achates inter primos; inde alii proceres Trojoe, Pallas ipse 
 
 Achates among the first; then other nobles of Troy, Pallas himself 
 
 in medio agmine, conspectus chalmyde et in pictis armis; 
 
 in th midst of the band, conspicuous in a cloak and in painted arms; 
 
 qualis ubi Lucifer, perfusus undd oceani, quem Venus 
 
 u when Lucifer bathed in the wave of the ocean whom Venus
 
 241 590 
 
 <Uligil ante alios ignes astrorum, extulit sacrum os 
 
 loves before other fires of stars, has raised his sacred countenance 
 
 ccclo que resolvit tenebras. 
 
 :n heaven and banished darkness. 
 
 Matres slant pavidae in muris, que sequuntur pulveream. 
 
 The iiiothers stood frightened on the walls, and follow the dusty 
 
 nubcm oculis, et catervas fulgentes aere. Olli armati 
 
 cloud with their eyes, and the bands shining with brass. They armed 
 
 tendunt per dumos qua meta viarum proxima. 
 
 murch through the bushes where the end of the ways is nearest. 
 
 Clamor it et agmine facto, ungula quatit putrem 
 
 A shout goes forth and a band being formed, the hoof shakes the mouldering 
 
 campum quadrupedante sonitu. Est ingens lucusprope 
 
 plain with a four footed sound. There is a great grove near 
 
 gelidum amnem Caeritis, sacer late religione patrum; 
 
 the cold stream of C;cris, sacred far around by the religion Of our fathers; 
 
 cavi colles inclusere undiquej et cingunt nemus nigra 
 
 hollow bills inclose it on each side, and surround the grove with black 
 
 abiete. Est fama veteres Pelasgos, qui primi 
 
 fir. There IB a report that the ancient Pelasgi, who first 
 
 aliquando habuere Latinos fines, sacravisse que lucum 
 
 long since held the Latin boundaries, consecrated both the grove 
 
 que diem Sylvano, Deo arvorum que pecoris. Haud 
 
 and day to Sylvanus, the God of fluids and the flock. Not 
 
 procul hinc Tarcho et Tyrrheni tenebant castra tuta 
 
 far from hence Tarcho and the Tuscans held their camps safe 
 
 locis: que jam omnis legio po'terat videri de 
 
 in these places- and now all the legion could be seen from 
 
 celso colle, et tendebat in latis arvis. Pater ^Eneas 
 
 the high hill, and march'd into the broad fields. Father ^Eneas 
 
 et juventus lecta bello succedunt hue, que fessi ' 
 
 and the youth selected for war come here, and weary 
 
 . curant et equos et corpora. At Venus, Candida 
 
 provide for both their horses and bodies. But Venus, the fair 
 
 Dea aderat, ferens dona inter setherios nimbos; que 
 
 Goddess was present, bearing gifts within the celestial clouds, and 
 
 ut vitlit natum secretum procul egelido flumine in 
 
 as she saw her son retired afar by the cold stream in 
 
 reducta" valle affata est talibus dictis, que 
 
 a secluded vale addressed him. in these words, and 
 
 obtulit se ultro. Eja munera perfecta promissa 4 arte 
 
 offered herself voluntarily. Lo gifts wrought by the promised aid 
 
 mei conjugis, nate, ne mox dubites poscere aut superbos 
 
 of my husband. O son, do not now hesitate to demand either the proud 
 
 Laurentes aut acrem Turnum in prcelia Cythere? dixit, 
 
 Laurentines or the brave Turnus to battle. Venus snid . 
 
 et petivit amplexus nati; posuit radiantia anna sub 
 
 and tought the embraces of her,eon; she placed the glittering arau beneatb
 
 616 
 
 adversd quercu. Illc, laetus donis Dese, et tanto 
 
 an opposite oak. lie, joyful with the gifts of the Goddess, and so great 
 
 honore, ncquit explcri, atque volvit oculos per singula, 
 
 an honour, could not be satisfied, aud rolls his eyes over every thing. 
 
 que miratur, que inter manus et brachia versat galeam 
 
 and admires them, and between his hands and arms ho turns his helmet 
 
 terribilem cristis que vomentem flam mas, que fatiferum 
 
 terrible witli crests, and throwing out flames, and biafateltcaring 
 
 ensem, loricam ex acre rigentem, sanguineam, ingentem, 
 
 sword, his coat of mail of brass stiff, bloody. huge, 
 
 qualis cum caerula nubes inardescit radiis soils, que 
 
 as when an azure cloud glows with the rays of the sun, and 
 
 refulget longe: turn lves ocreas electro que auro recocto 
 
 shines afar: then the light boots of amber and gold rcforged 
 
 que hastam et non enarrabile textum clypei. Ignipotcns 
 
 and the spear and indescribable texture of the shield. The fire-powerful 
 
 baud ignarus vatum que inscius aevi -venturi 
 
 God not ignorant of the prophet and unconscious of time to come 
 
 fecerat illic Italas res que triumphos Romanorum; 
 
 had made there the Italian affairs and the triumphs of the Romans; 
 
 illic omne genus stirpis futurse abAscanio, que 
 
 there all the generation of his race nbout to proceed from Ascanius, and 
 
 bella pugnata in ordine. Et fecerat fctam lupam 
 
 wars fought in their order. And he had made a teeming wolf 
 
 procubuisse in viridi antro Mavortis; gcminos pueros 
 
 to recline within the green cave of Mars; the two children 
 
 ludere huic pendentes circum ubera, impavidos lambere 
 
 to sport by her hanging around her dugs, fearless to lick 
 
 matrem; illam reflexam tereti cervice mulcere 
 
 their mother; her turning back witli her tapering neck tolickfAcn* 
 
 alternos et fingere corpora lingud. Nee procul hinc 
 
 by turns and form their bodies with her tongue. Nor far from hence 
 
 addiderat Romam et Sabinas raptas sine more 
 
 he bad added Rome and the Sabine maids ravished without lav 
 
 concessu caveae, magnis Cercensibus actis, que 
 
 in the crowd of the theatre, the great Cercensian games being performed, and 
 
 subito novum bellum consurgere Romulidis que seni 
 
 suddenly a new war to arise to the Romans and to old 
 
 Tatio que severis Curibus. Post idem reges, certamine 
 
 Tatius and the severe Cures. Afterwards the same kings, the contest 
 
 inter se posito, armati stabant ante aras Jovis 
 
 among them being laid aside, armed stood before the altars of Jupiter 
 
 que tenentes pateras et pored caesa, jungebant 
 
 and holding goblets and a sow being sacrificed, they joined 
 
 iedera. Haud procul inde citae quadrigae distulerant 
 
 treaties. Not far from thence swift chariots tore 
 
 Metium in diversa, at Albane tu maneres 
 
 Metius in different parts, but O Alban you should have adbere4
 
 243 614 
 
 dfctis, que Tullus raptabat vicera mendacis viri 
 
 to your promises, and Tullus dragged the entrails of the deceitful man 
 
 per sylvam et vepres sparsi sanguine rorabant. Necnon 
 
 through the wood and the briers sprinkled with blood dripped. Also 
 
 Porsenna jubebat accipere Tarquiniun ejectum que 
 
 I'orsenna commanded the Romans to receive Tarquin rejected ar.d 
 
 premebat urbem ingenti obsidione. ^Eneadae ruebant ia 
 
 jpprt'sscd the city with a great siege. The Romans rushed on 
 
 ferrum pro libertate. Aspiceres ilium similem 
 
 the sword for liberty. You might have seen him like 
 
 indignant! que similem ninanti, quod Codes auderet 
 
 ons enraged and like to one threatening, because Codes had dared 
 
 vellere pontem et Cloalia innaret fluvium vinculis 
 
 lo tear down the bridge and Cloelia swam the river her chains 
 
 ruptis. In summo Manlius custos Tarpeiae arcis stabat 
 
 being broken. On the top Manlius the keeper of the Tarpean citadel stood 
 
 pro templo, et tenebat celsa Capitolia que recens regia 
 
 before the temple, and guarded the lofty Capitol and the new palace 
 
 horrebat Romuleo culmo. Atque hie argenteus anser 
 
 was rough with Romulean straw. And here a silver goose 
 
 volitans per auratis porticibus canebat Gallos adesse in 
 
 flying through the gilded porches declared the Gauls were present at 
 
 limine. Galli aderant per dumos que tenebant arcem 
 
 the gate. The Gauls advanced through the bushes and held the tower, 
 
 defensi tenebris et dono opacae noctis. Ollis aurea csesaries 
 
 defended by darkness and favor of the gloomy night. On them golden hair 
 
 atque aurea vestis lucent virgatis sagulis; turn lactea 
 
 and a golden dress shine with variegated cloaks; then their milk white 
 
 colla innectuntur auro; coruscant quisque duo Alpina 
 
 necks are bound with gold; they brandish each one two Alpine 
 
 gsesa manu, protecti corpora longis scutis, Hie 
 
 darts in their baud, protecting their bodies with long shields. He 
 
 extuderat exsultantes Salios, que nudos Lupercos, que 
 
 had engraved the dancing Salii, and the naked Luperci, and 
 
 lanigeros apices et ancilia lapsa coelo: castae matres 
 
 their woollen caps and shields fallen from heaven; the chaste matrons 
 
 in mollibus pilentis ducebant sacra per urbem. 
 
 in their soft sedans led on the sacrifices through the city. 
 
 Procul hinc addit etiam Tartareas sedes alta ostia Ditis 
 
 Far from thence he adds also the Tartarean seats the deep doors of Pluto 
 
 et poenas scelerum, et te Catalina pendentem 
 
 and the punishment of crime, and thee O Cataline hanging 
 
 minaci scopuloque trementem ora Furiaram; 
 
 from a threatening . rock and trembling at the faces of the Furies; 
 
 que pios secretes, Catonem dantem jura his. 
 
 and the pious separated from the wicked, Cato administering laws to them. 
 
 Inter haec aurea imago maris late tumidi ibat, 
 
 Among these the golden image of the sea far around swelling wyjt.
 
 672 
 
 aed caerula spumabant oano flucttt Ct delphines 
 
 D>it the azure wattrt foamed with hoary wave*; and dolphins 
 
 clari argento verrebant sequora circum in orbera 
 
 bright with silver swept through the waters around in a circle 
 
 caudis que secabant aestura. In medio erat cernere 
 
 with their tail! and cut the tide. In the mictrt waf to be seen 
 
 aeratas classes, Actia bella, que videres totum 
 
 brazen protc'd ships, Actian wars, and you might see all 
 
 Lcucaten fervere instructo Marie, que fluctus effulgere auro. 
 
 Leucate to glow with arrayed war, and the waves to glitter in gold. 
 
 Hinc Csesar Augustus agens Italos in proelia cum 
 
 Here Cesar Augustus leading on the Italians to battle with 
 
 patribus que populo, Penatibus et magnis D?s,~~stans 
 
 the fathers and the people, the household Gods and great Gods, standing 
 
 in celsd puppi, cui laeta tempera vomunt geminas flammas, 
 
 on the lofty stern, whose joyful temples pour forth double flames, 
 
 que patrium sidus aperitur vertice. Alii parte 
 
 and his paternal star is exhibited from his head. In another part 
 
 Agrippa, ventis et Dts secundis, arduus agens agmen 
 
 Agrippa, the winds and Gods being propitious, boldly leading on- his fleet 
 
 cui tempora fulgent rostratS. navali corond superbum 
 
 whose temples glitter with a beaky naval crown a proud 
 
 insigne belli. Hinc victor Antonius barbaricS. 
 
 ensign of war. On this side victorious Anthony with foreign 
 
 ope que variis armis vehit uEgyptum, que vires Orientis, 
 
 aid and various arms bears Egypt, and the powers of the east, 
 
 et ultima Bactra secum, ab populis Aurora et rubro 
 
 and the most remote Bactra with him, from the people of the east and the red sea 
 
 litore que nefas! ^gyptia conjux sequitur. Omnes ruere 
 
 shore and O disgrace! his Egyptian wife follows All rush 
 
 una\ ac totum sequor spumare convulsum remis reductis, 
 
 together and all the sea foams torn oars drawn back, 
 
 que tridentibus rostris. .Petunt alta credas 
 
 and trident beaks. They seek the deep waters you would believe 
 
 Cycladas revulsas innare pelago aut altos niontes 
 
 t/iatlhe Cylades torn up swam on the sea or that high mountains 
 
 concurrere montibus: viri instant turritis puppibus 
 
 rushed against mountains: the men press on in their towering ships 
 
 tantS. mole. Stuppea flamma spargitur manu que 
 
 with the great mass. The hempen flame. is scattered by the hand and 
 
 volatile ferrum telis. Neptunia arva rubescunt novd 
 
 the flying steel with darts. Neptune's territories blush with new 
 
 caede.' In mediis regina vocat agmin& 
 
 slaughter. In the midst Cleopatra the Egyptian queen calls her bands 
 
 patrio sistro. Necdum etiam respicit geminos 
 
 with her native trumpet. Nor yet even does she look back on the two 
 
 angucs a tergo, que monstra omnigenum Deflm, et 
 
 snakes from behind, and the monsters of every kind of Cod* and
 
 245 698 
 
 Anubis latrator. tenent tela contra Neptunum et 
 
 Anubis the barker, wield their darts against Neptune and 
 
 Venerem que contra Mmervam. Mavors ca^latus ferro 
 
 Venus and against Minerva. Mars engraved on steel 
 
 sasvit in medio certamine que tristes Diras ex aethere; et 
 
 rases in the midst of the contest and the sad Furies from the sky; and 
 
 Discordia vadit gaudens scissd palla, quam Bellona 
 
 Discord walks rejoicing with her torn cloak, whom Bellnna 
 
 soquitur cum sanguineo flagello. Actius Apollo cernens 
 
 follows with a bloody whip. Actian Apollo beholding; 
 
 hrrc desupcr intendebat arcum; eo terrore omnis 
 
 these things from above was stretching his bow: with this terror all 
 
 jEgyptus, Indi et omnis Arabs, omnes Sabaei vertebant 
 
 Egypt, the Iiidiansand every Arab, all the Sabeans were turning 
 
 terga. Regina ipsa videbatur dare vela ventis vocatis,- 
 
 their backs. The queen herself seemed to give sails the winds being invoked, 
 
 et jam que jam immittere laxos funes. Ignipotens 
 
 and nc-w and now to relax the loosened ropes. The fire powerful God 
 
 fecenit illam inter caedes pallentem morte futura 
 
 hailiiii.'u her amidst the slaughter pale with death approaching 
 
 ferri undis et lapyge autem contra 
 
 to be borne on by the waves and west wind but opposite he had formed 
 
 Nilum mag-no corpore moerentem, que pandentem sinus 
 
 the Nile with his great body mourning, and opening his robes 
 
 et tota veste vocantem victos in caeruleum 
 
 and with all his dress thrown open, inviting the conquered into his azure 
 
 gremium que latebrosa flumina. At Caesar invectus Romana 
 
 bosom and his riaik streams. But Csesar borne to the Roman 
 
 mcenia triplici triumpho sacrabat immortale votum 
 
 walls by a threefold triumph consecrated his immortal vow 
 
 Italis Dis, ter centum delubra per totam urbem. 
 
 to the Italian Gods, three hundred temples through the whole city 
 
 Vise fremebant laetitia que ludis que plausu. In omnibus 
 
 The streets resounded with joy and sports and applause. In all 
 
 templis chorus matrum; omnibus aras. Ante aras 
 
 the temples is a band of matrons; in all are altars. Before the altars 
 
 csesi juvenci stravere terram. Ipse sedens niveo 
 
 slnin bullocks overspread the earth. Casar himself sitting in the snow white 
 
 limine candentis Phoebi recognoscit dona pcpulorum que 
 
 gate of glowing Apollo counts up the gifts of the people and 
 
 aptat superbis postibus. Victas gentes incedunt longo 
 
 fits them to proud posts. Conquered nations march on in long 
 
 ordine, qudm variae linguis tarn habitu vestis et 
 
 array, as various in languages as in the form of their dress and 
 
 armis. Hie Mulciber genus Nomadum et 
 
 in anns. Here Vulcan had engraved the race of the Numiilians and 
 
 discinctos Afros; hie finxerat Lelegas que Caras que 
 
 .ooFely rirrssi'd Africans; h-.-re he had engraved the Ltlegi.-ins and Carians and
 
 ;*4G 725 
 
 sagittiferos Gelonos. Euphrates, ibat jam mollioi undis 
 
 Arrow-bearing Geloni. The Euphrates, went now more gently with >'> waves, 
 
 que Morini extremi, hominum, que bicornis Rhenus, 
 
 n<1 the Morini the most distant of men, and the double horned Rhine, 
 
 que Dahae indomiti, et Araxes indignatus pontem. Miratur 
 
 and the Dahte iinconqiiered, and Araies spurning abridge. JEnem a -Inure* 
 
 talia dona parentis per clypeum Vulcani: que gaudet 
 
 these girts of his mother daptayed over the shield of Vulcan; and rj.iicrs 
 
 imagine rerum ignarus, que attollens famam 
 
 In the representation of these things alt/to' ignorant, and bearing the fame 
 .1*1 i 
 
 et fata nepotum humero. 
 
 and fatea of his offspring on his shoulder. 
 
 ^NEID. 
 BOOK NINTH. 
 
 ATQUE dum ea geruntur penitus diversS. parte, 
 
 AND while these things are done in a far distant p:irt, 
 
 Saturnia Juno misit Irim de ccelo ad audacem Turn urn. 
 
 Saiurnian Juno despatched Iris from heaven to the daring Turnus. 
 
 Turn forte* Turnus sedebat luco parentis Pilumni 
 
 Then by chance Turnus sat in the grove of his parent Piluinnus 
 
 sacratd valle; ad quern Thaumantias sic locuta est 
 
 in a hallowed vale; tu whom the daughter of Thaumas thus spoke 
 
 roseo ore: Turne en volvenda dies attulit ultro, quod 
 
 with rosy month: O Turnus, lo revolving time has brought voluntarily, what 
 
 nemo Divfim auderet promittere optanti! jEneas, urbe, et 
 
 nooneof the Gods would dare to promise to me desiring! /tineas, the city, and 
 
 sociis, et classe relictd, petivit sceptra que sedem 
 
 his companions and fleet being abandoned has sought the sceptre and seat 
 
 Palatini Evandri. Nee satis; penetravit ad 
 
 of Palatine Evander. Nor was ' this enough; he has made his way to 
 
 extremas urbes Coriti, armat manum Lydorum que a.gresteo 
 
 the most distant cities of Coritus, he arms a band of Lydians and rustics 
 
 collectos. Quid dubitas? nunc tempus poscere equos, 
 
 collected. Why do you hesitate? it is now time to demand horses, 
 
 nunc currus. Rumpe omnes moras, et arripe turbata castra. 
 
 now chariots. Banish all delays, and seize on the troubled camps. 
 
 Dixit, et sustulit se in coelum paribus alis, que 
 
 She .-aid, and raited herself towards heaven \vithequal wings, and
 
 247 fo 
 
 fugd secuit ingentem arcum sub nubibus. Juvenis 
 
 n her flight she cut a great bow under the clouds. The youth 
 
 agnovit que sustulit duplices palmas ad sidera, ac 
 
 kiiPwAer and raised both Ais hands to the stars, and 
 
 secutus est fugientem tali voce: Iri, decus cceli, 
 
 followed her flying with this address: O Iris, tkou glory of heaven 
 
 quis detulit te actam nubibus mihi in terras! unde 
 
 xvhii commissioned thee sent from the clouds to me on the earth! whence 
 
 liasc tempestas tarn repente clara? Video medium ccelum 
 
 this storm so suddenly bright? I see the midst of heaven 
 
 discedere que stellas palantes polo. Sequor tanta 
 
 separate and the stars wandering through the sky. I follow these great 
 
 omina, quisquis vocas in arma. Et elFalus sic, 
 
 omens, whoever you Are leho call me to arms. And having spoken thus, 
 
 processit ad undam, que hausit lymphas de summo gurgite, 
 
 he proceeded to the stream, and drew water from the surface of the pool; 
 
 orans Deos multa; que oneravit aethera votis. Que jam 
 
 praying the Gods many things; and loaded the air with vows. And now 
 
 omnis exercitus ibat apertis campis, dives equorum, dives 
 
 all the army went to the open plains, rich in horses, rich 
 
 pictai, vestis et auri. Messapus primas acies, 
 
 in painted dress, and gold. Messapus leads on the first bands, 
 
 juvenes Tyrrhidaj coercent postrema: dux Turnus 
 
 the sons of Tyrrhus urge on the last: the commander 'Turnus 
 
 vertitur medio agmine, tenens arma, et est supra 
 
 moves in the midst of the band, holding arms, and is above all 
 
 toto vertice. Ceu altus Ganges surgens per taciturn 
 
 by a whole head. As the deep Ganges arising in its peaceful 
 
 septem sedatis amnibus; aut Nilus pmgui 
 
 fountain with its seven quiet streams; or the Nile with rich 
 
 flumine, cum refluit campis, et jam condidit se 
 
 stream, when it flows from the plains, and now has hid itself 
 
 alveo. Hie Teucri prospiciunt subitam nubem glomerari 
 
 in itschannel. Here the Trojans behold a sudden . cloud to be gathered 
 
 nigro pulvere, ac tenebras insurgere campis. Caicus 
 
 from black dust, and darkness to arise on the plains. Caicus 
 
 primus conclamat ab adversS. mole; O cives, quis 
 
 first cries out from the opposite mound; O my countrymen, what 
 
 globus volvitur atra caligine? Citi, ferte ferrura, date 
 
 mass of men is rolled on in gloomy darkness? Quick, bring the sword, give 
 
 tela, scandite muros: hostis adest, eia. Teucri condunt 
 
 weapons, climb the walls: the enemy is present, ho. The Trojans shut up 
 
 se ingenti clamore per omnes portas, et complent 
 
 themselves with great clamour within all the gates, and fill 
 
 mcenia: namque ^neas, optimus armis, discedens 
 
 the walls: for /Eneas, most excellent in arms, departing 
 
 nraeceperat ita; si interea fuisset qua fortuna. ne 
 
 dad commanded thus; if in the meantime there should be any chance. they
 
 248 42 
 
 auderent struere aciem, neu credere campo; moclo 
 
 should not dare to array the army, nor to trust to the plain; only 
 
 servarent castra et muros tutos aggcre. Ergo, 
 
 Ihi-y should secure the camps and the walls guarded by a rampart. YVhcrcTore, 
 
 tsi pudor que ira monstrat conferre manum, 
 
 although shame and rage urges them to join tkt\r hand, 
 
 lamen objiciunt portas et facessunt prascepta, que 
 
 nnvertholess they bar the gates and accomplish their orders, and 
 
 armati expectant hostem cavis turribus. Turnus ut 
 
 rmed await the foe in the hollow towers. ' Turnus as 
 
 antevolans praecesserat tardum agmen, comitatus viginti 
 
 flying before had anticipated the slow band, accompanied by twenty 
 
 lectis equitum, et improvisus adest urbi; quern Thra- 
 
 chnsen men of the cavalry, and unexpected is present at the city; wlrom a Thra- 
 
 cius equus albis maculis portat, que aurea galea rubrd 
 
 cian horse with white spots bears, and a golden helmet with a ruddy 
 
 cristd tegit. Juvenes, ecquis erit, qui primus 
 
 crest covers. O young men, what one of you will there be who first icilt march 
 
 in hostem mecum? En! ait, et intorquens jaculum, 
 
 against the enemy with me? Lo! lie says, and casting rusdnrt, 
 
 emiltit in auras, principium pugnae; et arduus infert 
 
 he hurls it into the air, the commencement of the fight; and boldly bear* 
 
 sese campo. Socii excipiunt clamore, que 
 
 himself to the plain. His companions receive Aim with a shout, and 
 
 sequuntur horrisono fremitu; mirantur inertia corda 
 
 follow Aim with horrid sounding noise; they wonder at the sluggish hearts 
 
 Teucrorum, viros non dare se aequo campo, 
 
 of the Trojans, that the men do not give themselves to the equal plain, 
 
 non ferre obvia arma, sed fovere castra. Turbidus 
 
 that they do not bear opposing arms, but cherish the camps. Troubled 
 
 lustrat muros hue atque hue equo, que quaerit aditum 
 
 he surveys the walls on this side and that from his horse, and seeks an approach 
 
 per avia. Ac veluti lupus, insidiatus pleno ovili, cum 
 
 through the fields. And as a wolf, having ensnared a full shcepfold, when 
 
 fremit ad caulas, perpessus ventos et imbres, super media 
 
 he rages at the pens, enduring winds and storms, at mid 
 
 nocte; agni tuti sub matribus exercent balatum; ille 
 
 night; the lambs being safe under their dams e.xert their bleating; he 
 
 asper et improtjus ir, saevit in absentes; rabies edendi 
 
 savage and cruel; wit hanger, rages against them absent; the madness of eating 
 
 collecta ex longo fatigat et fauces siccae sanguine; 
 
 contracted from long abstinence wearies him, and his jaws are dry from blood* 
 
 haud aliter irae ignescunt Rutulo tuenti muros et castra, 
 
 not otherwise rage inflames the Rutulian gazing on the walls and camps; 
 
 et dolor ardet duris ossibus, qua^ ratione tentet 
 
 and grief burns in his hard bones, by what means he may attempt 
 
 aditus, et qud via excutiat Teucros clausos 
 
 their approachns, and by what way he tnny drive out the Trojans inclosed
 
 249 68 
 
 vaho, atque efFundat in sequor. Invadit classem, quse 
 
 .by a wall, and force them out into 'he plain. He attacks the fleet, which 
 
 llatebat adjunctaJateri castrorum, circumseptam aggeribus 
 
 ^y concealed adjoining the side of the camps, surrounded by ramparts 
 
 let fluvialibus undis; que poscit ovantes socios 
 
 and river waters; and commands his rejoicing associates to bring 
 
 incendia; atque fervidus implet manum flagrante pinu. 
 
 fire; and glowing be tills his band with a burning pine. 
 
 Turn vero incumbunt; praesentia Tumi urget atque 
 
 Then indeed they press on; tbe presence of Turnus urges them and 
 
 omnis pubes accingitur atris facibus. Diripuere focos; 
 
 all the youth are furnished with black firebrands. They tear up the hearths; 
 
 iumida laeda fert piceum lumen et vulcanus commixtam 
 
 the smoking torch bears on a pitchy light and the lire rot's?* the mingled 
 
 favillam ad astra. Musae, quis Deus avertit tarn sarva 
 
 enbers to the stars. O ye Muses, what God averted such cruel 
 
 incendia Teucris? quis depulit tantos ignes 
 
 fires from the Trojans? who drove these great conflagrations 
 
 ratibus? dicite. Prisca fides facto, sed fama 
 
 from the ships? say. There is ancient faith for the deed, but its fame it 
 
 perennis. Quo tempore primum ^Eneas formabat classem 
 
 eternal. At that time- when first /Eneus built his fleet 
 
 in Phrygia Ida, et parabat petere alta pelagi, Berecynthia 
 
 on the Trojan Ida, and prepared to seek the depths of the sea, Berecynthia 
 
 ipsa, genetrix Deum, fertur affata magnum Jovem 
 
 herself, the mother of the Gods, is said to have addressed great Jupiter 
 
 his vocibus; Nate, da petenti, quod tua cara parens 
 
 in these words: O son, grant to me asking, what your fond parent 
 
 poscit te, Olympo domito. Pinea sylva d^lecta mihi 
 
 demands of you, Olympus being conquered. A pine wood beloved by me 
 
 per multos annos, fuit lucus in summi arce, quo 
 
 for many years, has been a grove on a high mountain, where 
 
 ferebant sacra, obscurus nigrante pice a que acernis 
 
 they offered sacrifices, gloomy with blackening pitch and maple 
 
 trabibus: Iseta dedi has Dardanio juveni, ciim egeret classis: 
 
 branches: joyful I gave these to the Trojan youth, when he wanted a fleet 
 
 nunc anxius timor angit solicitam. Solve metus, atque 
 
 now solicitous fear tortures my anxious mind. Banish dread, and 
 
 sine parentem posse hoc precibus, ne 
 
 allow a parent to be able to obtain this by her prayers, that 
 
 vincantur quassatae ullo cursu, neu turbine 
 
 they may not be overcome disabled in any course, nor by the raging 
 
 venti: prosit ortas in nostris montibus. 
 
 of the wind: may it profit that they grew in our mountains. 
 
 Contra films, qui torquet sidera mundi, 
 
 On '.he other hand, Aersnn, who turns the stars of the heavenly u-orld, 
 
 huic: genetrix, quo vocas fata? aut quid 
 
 > ltd to her O mother, whither do you invoke the fates? or what
 
 250 
 
 petis istis; ne carinae factae mortali manu kabeant 
 
 do you seek from those; shall ships made by a mortal hand bave an 
 
 immortale fas? que ./Eneas certus lustret incerta 
 
 immortal right? and ./Eneas assured survey uncertain 
 
 pericula? cui Deo tanta potestas permissa? Imd, ubi 
 
 perils? to what God is so great authority allowed? Nay, where 
 
 defunctae tenebunt finem que Ausonios 
 
 having passed all perils they shall attain to their destination and the Ausoniau 
 
 portus, quaecunque olim evaserit undis, que 
 
 harbours, whatsoever hereafter shall have escaped the waves, and 
 
 vexerit Dardanium ducem Laurentia arva, eripiam 
 
 shall have borne the Trojan leader to the Laurcntian fields, I will snatch away 
 
 mortalem formam que jubebo esse Deas magni 
 
 from them this mortal form and will command them to be Goddesses ofthegrcat 
 
 sequoris; qualis Ner'iea Doto et Galatea secant spumantem 
 
 ocean; such as the Nereian Doto and Galatea they shall cut the foaming 
 
 pontum pectore. Dixerat; que annuit id ratum per 
 
 sea with their breast. He said; and affirmed it ratified by 
 
 flumina Stygii fratris, per ripas torrentes pice, que 
 
 the rivers of his Stygian brother, by the banks boiling over with pitch, and 
 
 atrS. voragine, et tremefccit totum Olympum nutu; 
 
 the black whirlpool, and shook all heaven with his nod. 
 
 ergo promissa dies aderat et Parcas compliant 
 
 therefore the promised day was present and the Destinies had fulfilled 
 
 debita tempora, cum injuria Turni admon.uit 
 
 their allotted times, when the injury ofTurnus admonished 
 
 matrem depellere taedas sacris ratibus. Hie 
 
 the mother of the Gods to drive back the firebrands from the sacred ships. Here 
 
 primum nova lux effulsit oculis et ingens nimbus visus 
 
 first a new light shone on their eyes and a great cloud sneuiet 
 
 transcurrere crelum ab Aurora, que Idaei chori: 
 
 to run across the sky from the east, and witk it the Ideah bands 
 
 turn vox horrenda excidit per auras et complet agmina 
 
 then a voice to be dreaded passed through the air and fills the bands ot 
 
 Troum que Rutulorum; Teucri .ne trepidate 
 
 the Trojans and of the RutuliansWM fear; Q niy Trojans do not fear 
 
 defendere meas naves; neve armate manus; dabitur 
 
 to defend my ships, nor arm your hands; it shall be given 
 
 Tufno exurere maria antequam sacras pinus. Vos 
 
 toTurnus to burn seas rather than the sacred pines. Do you 
 
 solutae ite. Ite Deas pelagi: Genitrix 
 
 freed from restraint depart. Go ye Goddesses of the sea: The mother of the Gods 
 
 jubet, et continue quaeque puppes abrumpunt sua vincula 
 
 commands, and immediately all the ships break their cables 
 
 ripis, que petunt tuta fcquora, rostris demersi? 
 
 from the bank, and seek the safe waters, with bows plunged 
 
 modo delphinum Hinc totidem virgin fades 
 
 n the manner of dolphins Hence as many virgin form*
 
 251 120 
 
 mhabile moiistrum, reddunt se que feruntur ponto 
 
 a wonderful miracle, exhibit themselves and are borne onthcdeq* 
 
 quot aeratae prorae prius steterunt ad litora. 
 
 as brazen prows before they had stood at the shores. 
 
 Rutuli obstupuere animis; Messapus ipse center 
 
 The Rutulians were astonished in their minds; Messapus himself is fright 
 
 ritus, equis turbatis; et amnis Tiberinus sonans rauca 
 
 cned, his horses being terrified; and the river Tiber sounding hoarse. 
 
 cunctatur, que revocat pedem ab alto. At fiducia non 
 
 is restrained, and withdraws his foot from the sea. But confidence did not 
 
 cessit audaci Turno; tollit animos dictis, ultro, atque 
 
 cease to the daring Turuus; he arouses their minds by his words, voluntarily, and 
 
 increpat ultro. Haec monstra petunt Trojanos. 
 
 rebukes them voluntarily. These prodigies regard the Trojans 
 
 Jupiter ipse eripuit solitum auxilium his; non 
 
 Jupiter himself has snatched their accustomed aid from them; they do not 
 
 expectant tela nee Rutulos ignes. Ergo maria invia 
 
 await darts nor Rutulian fires. Therefore seas are impassable 
 
 Teucris, nee ulla spes fugae; altera pars rerum 
 
 to the Trojans, nor is there any hope of flight; another part of their affairs 
 
 adempta est; autem terra in nostns manibus: Italae 
 
 is taken from them; but the land is in our hands: The Italian 
 
 gentes ferunt tot millia arma. Fatalia responsa 
 
 nations bring to us so many thousand arms. The fatal responses 
 
 Deorum, si Phryges jactant quae prae se terrent 
 
 of the Gods, even if the Trojans should boast any for themselves terrify 
 
 me nil. Sat datum fatis que Veneri quod 
 
 me in nothing. Enough has been given to the fates and to Venus that 
 
 Troes tetigere arva fertilis Ausonise. Et sunt mihi 
 
 the Trojans have reached the fields of fertile Italy. Arid there are to ma 
 
 mea fata contra, exscindere sceleratum gentem 
 
 my own fates on the other hand, to destroy the accursed nation 
 
 ferro, conjuge praereptd, nee iste dolor tangit 
 
 with the sword, my wife being stolen from me, nor does this grief affect 
 
 Atridas solos, que licet Mycenis solis capere 
 
 the sons of Atreus alone, and it is allowed to the Mycenians alone to take up 
 
 arma. Sed est satis periise semel; fuisset satis peccare 
 
 arms. But it is enough to have perished once; it had been enough/or tAcm lo sin 
 
 ante; modd non penitus perosos omne femineum 
 
 before; provided they had not entirely hated all the female 
 
 genus. Quibus haec fiducia medii valli que 
 
 race. To whom this confidence of the midst of the rampart and 
 
 morae fossarum parva discrimma lethi, dant animos: 
 
 the defences of the ditches small difference of death, give courage: 
 
 an non viderunt mcenia Trojas, fabricata manu Neptuni, 
 
 have they not seen the walls of Troy, wrought by the hand of Neptune, 
 
 considere in ignes? Sed vos, lecti, quis apparat 
 
 setttle down into the fire? But you, O chosen men say, who will appear
 
 2A2 146 
 
 scindere vallum fcnro, et in radii trepidantia castra 
 
 tocut down lherrararl irilh theswoid, and invade their trembling camp* 
 
 mecum: non est opus mihi armis Vulci, non mille 
 
 \\iihinc there is no need tome of thearms f Vulcac, nor a thousand 
 
 carinis in Teucros. Omnes Etrucii ad^ant se protinus 
 
 ships against the Trojans. Let nil the Tuscans add themselves forthwiib 
 
 socios; ne timeant lenebras et inertia furta 
 
 us companions; let them not fear darkness and the disgraceful thell 
 
 Palladii, custodibus summae arcis csesis; nee condemur 
 
 of tlie Palladium, the guards of the lofty tower being slain; nor will we be concealed 
 
 in caeco alvo equi; certum circumdare muros, igni 
 
 in the dark womb of the horse; it is determined to 8ur round the walls, wi!i fire 
 
 palam luce. Faxo baud putent esse rem sibi 
 
 openly by day. I will cans'? they shall not think there is a controversy to them 
 
 cum Danais, et PelasgA pube, quos Hector disimit in 
 
 with the Greeks, and the Pelasijan youth, whom Hector put off to 
 
 decimum annum. Nunc, mine adeo quoniam melior pars 
 
 the tenth year. Now, now thus since the better part 
 
 diei acta, quod superest, viri, laeti procurafe corpora 
 
 nf the day is past, what remains. Omen, joyful provide for your Bodies 
 
 rebus gestis bene, et pnrati sperate pugnam. 
 
 your affairs being accomplished well, and prepared await the fight. 
 
 Interea cura datur Messnpo obsidere poi-tas 
 
 In the mean time the care is allotted to Mesapus to besiege (he piitei 
 
 excubiis vigilum, et cingere mcenia flammis. Bis septem 
 
 with guards of watches, and to surround the walls with flumes. Twice seven 
 
 Rutuli delecti, qui servent muros milite; ast centeni 
 
 Rutuliansare selected, who shall keep the walls with the soldiery; but an hundred 
 
 juvenes, purpueri cristis que corusci auro, sequuntur 
 
 youths, purple with crests and glittering with gold, follow 
 
 illos quemque; discurnmt que variant vices, que fusi 
 
 (hem each; they run out and vary their duly in turn, and stretched 
 
 per herbam indulgent vino que vertunt abenos crateras. 
 
 ulong the grass indulge in wine and turnup the brazen goblets, 
 
 Ignes collucent, custodia ducit insomnem noctem ludo. 
 
 Fires shine, the guard spend the sleepless night in play. 
 
 Troes prospectant haec e vallo super, et tenent 
 
 The Trojans observe these things from the wall from above, and hold 
 
 alta armis; nee non trepidi formidine explorant 
 
 die high places by arms; likewise trembling with fear they watch 
 
 portas, que jungunt pontes et propugnacula; gerunt tela. 
 
 the gates, and unite the bridges and bulwarks; they bear arms. 
 
 Mnestheus que acer Sereslus instant; quos pater ^Eneas 
 
 Mnesiheus and brave Serestus press on; whom father /Bneaa 
 
 dedit esse rectores juvenum et magistros rerum, si 
 
 appointed to be guides of the youth and directors of their concerns, if 
 
 quando adversa vocarent. Omnis legio sortita 
 
 it anytime hostile circumstance! should call them. All the legion having cast loU
 
 263 175 
 
 periculum, exc ibat per muros, que exercet vices, 
 
 for the danger, \vaun along the walls, and exercise their allotments, 
 
 quod est cuique tuendum. Nisus, Hyrtacides, erat 
 
 whatever is for each to be protected. Nisus, the son of Hyrtacus. wai 
 
 custos ports, acerrimus armis, quern Ida, venatrix, 
 
 keeper of the gate, most bold inarms, whom Ida, devoted to hunting. 
 
 miserat comitem ^Eneae; celerem jaculo que levibus 
 
 had sent a companion to yEneas; swift with the dart and light 
 
 sagittis; et juxtd comes Euryalus, quo non fuit 
 
 arrows; and near by his associate Euryalus, than whom there was not 
 
 alter ^Eneadum, nee induit Trojana arma, pulchriorj 
 
 another of the Trojans, nor any one that wore the Trojan arms, more beautiful; 
 
 puer signans intonsa ora primd juventd. Erat 
 
 a boy marking his unshaved face with the first youthful bloom. There way 
 
 ius unu amor, que pariter ruebant in bella; turn quoque 
 
 to them one love, and together they rushed to the wars; then also 
 
 tonebant portam com muni statione. Nisus ait, Euryale, 
 
 they kept the gate in a common station. Nisus said, O Euryalus, 
 
 ne Df addunt hunc ardorem mentibus? an sua 
 
 whether do the Gods add this ardour to our minds? or does his own 
 
 dira cupido fit Deus cuique. Jamdudum mens agitat 
 
 ardent desire become a God to each one. Even now my mind drive* 
 
 mihi aut invadere pugnam, aut aliquid magnum; nee est 
 
 me either to press to the fight, or something great; nor is it 
 
 contenta placida" quiete. Cernis quee fiducia return 
 
 contented witli peaceful rest. You see < what confidence of their affair* 
 
 habeat Rutulos; lumina micant rara; procubuere 
 
 possesses the Rutulians; their lights shine scattered around; they lie 
 
 soluti somno que vino; loca late silent. Porro 
 
 relaxed by sleep and wine; the places around are still. Moreover 
 
 percipe quid dubitem, et quae sententia nunc surgat animo. 
 
 observe what I doubt, and what sentiment now arises in my mind. 
 
 Omnes que populus, que patres, exposcunt ^Enean 
 
 All both the people, and the fathers, demand ^Eneas 
 
 accire; que viros mitti qui reportent certa. Si 
 
 te be called; and men to be Bent who should report our true condition. If 
 
 promittunt tibi, quae posco (nam fama facti est 
 
 they promise to you, what I demand (for the reputation of the deed is 
 
 sat mihi) videor posse, reperire viam ad muros et 
 
 enough forme) I seem to be able to find out away to the walls and 
 
 Pallantea msenia sub illo tumulo. Euryalus obstupuit, 
 
 Pallantean ramparts under that hill. Euryalus Blood amazed 
 
 perculsus magno amore laudum; simul afFatur 
 
 struck with the great love of praise; at the same time he addressee 
 
 ardentem amicum his; Igitur Nise ne fugis 
 
 his glowing friend in these words; Wherefore O Nisus will you refuse 
 
 adjungere me socium summis rebus? mittam te 
 
 to join me as a companion in your great concerns? shall I send you
 
 254 201 
 
 solum in tanta percula? Non ita genitor Opheltes 
 
 alone to BO great dangers? Not thus your father Opheltcs 
 
 assuetus bellis, erudiit me sublatum inter Argolicum 
 
 accustomed to wan, taught me brought up amidst Grecian 
 
 terrorem que labores Trojae; nee gessi talia 
 
 terror and the labours of Troy; nor have I performed such things 
 
 tecum secutus magnanimum ^Enean et extrema fata. 
 
 with you following high minded .fneas and his extreme fates. 
 
 Est hie, est animus contemtor lucis, et qui credat 
 
 There is here, there a a soul thedespiser of life, and which believes 
 
 istuin honorem qud tendis bene emi vitS. 
 
 Ibat honour whither you direct your course well bought wildlife. 
 
 Nisus ad haec: Equidem verebar nil tale de 
 
 Nisus , to these things said: Indeed I feared nothing like this concerning 
 
 te, nee fas. Non; ita magnus Jupiter aut quicunque 
 
 you, nor is it right 1 should. No; so may great Jupiter or ' whatever 
 
 aspicit haec aequis oculis, referat me ovantem 
 
 Cod regards these things with equal eyes, shall restore me triumphing 
 
 tibi. Sed si quis, si quis ve casus ve Deus rapiat 
 
 to you. But if anyone, if any either chance or God should bear mt 
 
 in adversum (quae vides multa tali discrimine) velim 
 
 to adversity (which you see many times in such danger) I could wish 
 
 te superesse: tua aetas dignior vitd. Sit qui 
 
 you to survive: your age is more worthy of life. Let there be one who 
 
 mandet me solit& humo, raptum pugnd, redemtum 
 
 shall commit me to my destined earth, borne from the fight, or redeemed 
 
 pretio; aut si qua fortuna vetabit id, ferat inferias 
 
 by a price; or if any fortune should forbid that, should pay funeral rights 
 
 absenti, que decoret sepulchre; neu sim causa tanti 
 
 to me absent, and should honour my tomb; nor can I be the cause of HO great 
 
 doloris miserae matri, quse sola ausa e multis matribus 
 
 grief to your unhappy mother, who alone daring from so many mothers 
 
 prosequitur te puer, nee curat moenia. magni Acesta?. 
 
 follows you O boy, nor cares for the ramparts of great Accstes. 
 
 Autem ille, Nequicquam nectis inanes causas; nee 
 
 But be said. In vain you contrive vain causes; nor 
 
 jam mea sententia mutata cedit loco: acceleremus 
 
 DOW does my opinion changed yield to the occasion: let us hasten 
 
 ait; simul excitat vigiles. Illi succedunt que 
 
 aid he; at the same time he awakes the guards. They come up and 
 
 servant vices: statione relictd ipse graditur comes 
 
 observe their turns: the station being abandoned he walks on a companion 
 
 Niso que requirunt regem. Caetera animalia per omnes 
 
 to Nisus and they seek the king. The other animals through all 
 
 terras laxabant curas somno et corda oblita laborum. 
 
 lands relaxed their cares in sleep and their hearu forgetful of labours. 
 
 Primi ductores Teucrflm et delecta juventus habebant 
 
 The fine leaders of the Trojans and select youth held
 
 255 227 
 
 consilium le summis rebus regni; quid facerent; 
 
 a council about the chief concerns of the kingdom; what they should do; 
 
 quisve jam esset nuncius ^Eneae. Slant adnixi 
 
 or who now should be a messenger to -lEneas. They stand leaning 
 
 longis hastis ettenentes scuta medio castrorum 
 
 on their long spears and holding their shields in the midst of their camps 
 
 et campi. 
 
 and the plain. 
 
 Tom Nisus et Euryalus una alacres orant admitti 
 
 Then Nisus and Euryalus together eagerly pray to be admitted 
 
 confestim; rem magnam que fore 
 
 immediately; that their business was of great consequence and would be 
 
 pretium morse. lulus primus accepit trepidos, ac jussit 
 
 a compensation for delay. lulus first receives^Am trembling, and commands 
 
 Nisum dicere. Tune Hyrtacides sic: O ^Eneadae audite 
 
 Nisus tospeak. Then son of Hyrtacus thus spoke: O associates of ^Eneas hear 
 
 aequis mentibus, neve haec quas ferimus 
 
 with impartial minds, nor let these thing's which we have brought 
 
 spectentur ab nostris annis. Rutuli conticuere sepulti 
 
 be n-garded by our years. The Rutufians are at rest buried 
 
 somno que vino; ipsi conspeximus locum insidiis, qui 
 
 in sleep and wine; we .have seen a place for our stratagems, which 
 
 patet in bivio portae quae proxima ponto. Ignes 
 
 lies in a corner of the gate Which is nearest to the sea. The fires 
 
 interrupt}, que ater fumus erigitur ad sidera. Si 
 
 are interrupted, and black smoke is raised to the stars. If 
 
 permittitis uti fortuni, cernetis ^Enean qusesitum ad 
 
 you will allow us to use fortune, you shall see ./Eneas sought at 
 
 Pallantea mcenia mox, affore hie cum spoliis, ingenti 
 
 the Pallantean ramparts, soon to be present here with spoils, a great 
 
 caede peracta: nee via fallit nos euntes; vidimus 
 
 slaughter being accomplished: nor does the way deceive us going; we have seen 
 
 primam urbem sub obscuris vallibus assiduo venatu, et 
 
 the first part of the city in the dark valleys in our continued hunting, and 
 
 cognovimus totum amnem. Hie Alethes gravis annis, atque 
 
 we know all the river. Here Alethes grave in years, and 
 
 maturus animi, Patrii Dfr sub quorum numine 
 
 ripened in intellect, said, O my country's Gods under whose authority 
 
 Troja est semper, tamen non paratis delere Teucros 
 
 Troy is ever, nevertheless you do not prepare to destroy the Trojans 
 
 omnino, cum tulistis tales animos juvenum et tam 
 
 entirely, since you have produced such minds of youth and so 
 
 certa pectora. 
 
 resolved breasts. 
 
 Memorans sic tenebat humeros que dextras amborum 
 
 Speaking thus he held the shoulders and right hands of both 
 
 et rigabat vultum atque ora lacrymis. Viri quae, 
 
 and bathed bis countenance and face with tears. Ye heroes what rewanfat
 
 256 253 
 
 quae digna praemia rear posse solvi vobia pro talibus 
 
 wrtat wortliy rewards shall I suppose can be paid to you for such 
 
 ausis? primum Di que vestri mores dabunt 
 
 daring deeds? first the Gods and your own manners will give 
 
 pulcherrima; turn plus ^Eneas actutum reddet caetera atque 
 
 the fairest; then pious Aeneas forthwith shall pray the rest and 
 
 Ascanius integer asvi non unquam immemor tanti meriti. 
 
 Asranius ripe in age never vnll be unmindful of so great merit 
 
 Ascanius excipit, imo ego cui sola salus genitore 
 
 Ascanius adds, truly 1 whose only safety consists in my father's 
 
 reducto, obtestor vos d Nise, per magnos Penates que 
 
 being restored, entreat you O Nisus, by the great household Gods and 
 
 Larem Assaraci et penetralia qanae Vestae, 
 
 the domestic God ofAsaracus and sacred shrines of hoary Vesta, 
 
 quaecunque fortuna que fides est mihi pono in vestris 
 
 whatsoever fortune and faith is to me I place in your 
 
 gremiis; revocate parentera, reddite conspectum: nihil 
 
 bosoms; recall my parent, Restore his presence to me: nothing 
 
 triste, illo recepto. Dabo bina pocula perfecta 
 
 can be sad, he being recovered. I will give two bowls wrought 
 
 argento, atque aspera signis quae genitor cepit devictd 
 
 from silver, and rough with figures which my father took from- vanquished 
 
 Arisba",- et geminos tripodas, duo magna talenta auri, 
 
 Arisba; and two tripods, two great talenta ofgold 
 
 antiquum cratera, quern Sidonia Dido dat. Si vero 
 
 an ancient goblet, which Sidonian Dido gave me. If indeed 
 
 contigerit victori capere Italiam que potiri sceptris, 
 
 it should happen tome a conqueror to possess Italy and enjoy the crown, 
 
 et ducere sortem praedae, vidisti quo equo, in quibus 
 
 and to draw the lot of spoil, have you seen on what horse, in what 
 
 armis Turnus aureus ibat? excipiam ilium clypeum 
 
 arms Turnus glittering in gold went? I will exempt that shield 
 
 ipsum, que rubentes crislas sorti, - jam nunc tua prasmia, 
 
 itself, and crimsoned crests from the lot, even now your rewards 
 
 Nise. Praeterea genitor dabit bis sex lectissima 
 
 Nisus. Besides .my father shall give twice six chosen 
 
 corpora matrum que captivos que sua arma omnibus: 
 
 bodies of matrons and captives and their own arms which belonged to all. 
 
 insuper his, campi quod rex Latinus ipse 
 
 besides these, tliose fields which king Latinus himself 
 
 habet. Accipio te vero venerande puer, quern mea 
 
 possesses. I receive you indeed most regarded boy, whom my own 
 
 etas insequitur propionbus spatiis, jam toto pectore et 
 
 tge follows in nearer space, now with all my heart ar> 
 
 cornplector corhitem in omnes casus. Nulla gloria 
 
 1 embrace you as a companion in all my fortunes. No glory 
 
 quosretur meis rebus sine te; seu geram pacem sen 
 
 ehall be sought in my concerns \vithout thee; whether I make peace ci
 
 257 280 
 
 Delia, tibi maxima fides rerum que verborum. 
 
 war, to you shall he the chief confidence of my affairs and words. 
 
 Quern contra Euryalus fatur talia. Nulla dies 
 
 To whom on the other hand 'Euryalus speaks these words. No day 
 
 arguerit me dissimilem tarn fortibus ausis, tantum 
 
 shall prove me unworthy of so brave enterprizes, only let 
 
 fortuna cadat secunda, baud adversa. Sed oro te unum 
 
 fortune fallout prosperous, not hostile. But I pray thee one thing 
 
 super omnia dona, est mihi genetrix de vetustd gente 
 
 above all gifts, there is to me a mother from the ancient race 
 
 Priaini, quam miseram excedentem mecum, non Ilia 
 
 of Priam, whom miserable departing with me, not even the Trojan 
 
 tellus tenuit, non mrenia regis Acestse. Ego nunc linquo 
 
 land restrained, nor the walls of king Acestes. I now leave 
 
 hanc ignaram hujuspericuliquodcunqueest;queinsalutatam; 
 
 her ignorant of this danger whatever it is; and unsaluted; 
 
 nox et tua dextera testis quodnequeamperferrelachrymas 
 
 night and your right hand are witness that I cannot endure the tears 
 
 parentis, at oro tu solare inopem, et succurre .relictae. 
 
 of my mother, but I pray you solace her destitute, and relieve her abandoned. 
 
 Sine me ferre hanc spem tui; ibo audentior in omnes 
 
 Permit rne to bear this hope of you; I shall go more boldly into all 
 
 casus. Dardanids dederunt lacrymas mente 
 
 misfortunes. The Trojans shed tears there minds 
 
 perculsa"; ante omnes pulcher lulus; atque imago patricB 
 
 being affected; before all beautiful lulus; and the image of this paternal 
 
 pietatis strinxit animum. Turn sic effatur. Spondeo 
 
 piety struck his mind. Then thus bespeaks. I promise 
 
 omnia digna tuis ingentibus cosptis. Namque ista erit 
 
 all things 'vorthy of your great attempts. For she shall be 
 
 genetrix mihi, que nomen Creusse solum defuerit; 
 
 a mother tome, and the name of Creusa alone shall be wanting taker; 
 
 nec parva gratia manel talem partum, que quicun 
 
 nor shall small favour remain to such an offspring, and whatever 
 
 casus sequetur factum juro per hoc caput, per quod pater 
 
 chance may follow the deed I swear by this life, by which my father 
 
 solebat jurare ante, haec eadem quae polliceor tibi 
 
 was accustomed to swear formerly, these same things which I promise to you 
 
 reduci que secundis rebus manebunt qut tuae matri, 
 
 returning and in prosperous circumstances shall remain also to your mother, 
 
 que generi. Sic ait illacrymans simul exuit 
 
 and her family. Thus he said weeping at the same time he took off 
 
 auratum ensem humeri quern Gnossius Lycaon fecerat 
 
 his gilded sword from his shoulder which Gnossan Lycaon had inada 
 
 mird arte, atque aptaverat habilem eburnsl vaginal. 
 
 with wonderful art, and fitted it conveniently to an ivory sheath. 
 
 Mnestheus dat pellem Niso, que exuvias horrentis leonis' 
 
 Mncstheus gives a skin to Nisus, and the spoils of a rough lion*
 
 258 :j<)7 
 
 fidus Alethes, permutat galeam. Protinus armati 
 
 faithful Alethes, exchanges his helmet. Forthwith armed 
 
 incedunt; quos euntes omnis manus primorum, que 
 
 they march; whom proceeding all the band of the chiefs. both 
 
 juvenum que senum, prosequitur votis ad portas; 
 
 youiig and old, follows with prayers to the gatpg; 
 
 nec non et pulcher Jiilus, gerens que virilem animum que 
 
 likewise also beautiful lulus, bearing . both a manly mind ami 
 
 curam ante annos; dabat multa mandata portanda patri; 
 
 concern beyond his years; gave many commands to be borne to his father; 
 
 sed aurae discerpunt omnia, et donant irrita nubibus. 
 
 but the winds scatter them all, and pivctAom useless to the clouds. 
 
 Egressi superant fossas, que petunt inimica castra per 
 
 Departing th-ypass the trenches, and seek the hostile camps througl 
 
 umbrara noctis: tamen futuri exitio multis ante. 
 
 thR shade of night; nevertheless about to be destruction to many first. 
 
 Vident corpora fusa passim vino que somno per 
 
 They see bodies scattered everywhere by wine and sleep along 
 
 herbam, currus arrectos litore, viros inter lora que 
 
 the grass, chariots raised on the shore, men among the reins and 
 
 rotas, simul arm a jacere, siinul vina. 
 
 wheels, at the same lime arms to lie about, at the samp time wine. 
 
 Hyrtacides prior locutus sic ore: Euryale, 
 
 The son of Hyrtacus first speaks thus with his mouth: O Euryatus, 
 
 audendum dextrd; nunc res ipsa vocat. 
 
 there must be daring with the right hand; now the affair itself calls. 
 
 Iter est hac; tu custodi et consule longe, ne qua manus 
 
 Our way is here; do you guard and watch from afar,' lest any band 
 
 possit attollere se nobis a tergo. Ego dabo 
 
 can raise itself against us from behind. 1 will render 
 
 hsec vasta, et ducam te lato limite. Sic memorat, 
 
 these things waste, and will lead you by a broad path of death. Thus he speaks, 
 
 que premit vocem; simul aggreditur superbum 
 
 and restrains his voice; at the same time he attacks the proud 
 
 Rhamnetem ense; qui, forte extructus altis tapetibus, 
 
 Rhamnes with his sword, who, by chance raised on high carpets, 
 
 proflabat somnum toto pectore; idem rex, et augur 
 
 snored out sleep from his whole breast; the same a king, and soothsayer 
 
 gratissimus regi Turno; sed potuit non depellere 
 
 most grateful to king Turnus; but M could not keep off 
 
 pestem augurio. Juxta. premit tres famulos jacentes 
 
 destruction by prophesy. Nearby he kills three servants lying 
 
 temere inter tela, que armigerum Remi, que aurigam 
 
 at ramtorn among the riarts, and the armor-bearer of Remus, and the charioK.-er 
 
 nactus sub equis ipsis, que secat pendentia colla 
 
 ha\ ins; found Aim under the noises themselves, and cuts fjff their hanging necks 
 
 ferro; turn aufert caput domino ipsi, que relinquit 
 
 with the word; then h- cutsnff the head of his master himslf, and Itavi*
 
 259 333 
 
 truncumsingultantem sanguine; terra tepefacta que tori 
 
 his trunk spouting with blood; 'he darth was warmed and couclieu 
 
 madent atro cruore. Necnon que Lamyrum que Lamum, 
 
 dripped with black gore. Likewise both Lamynis and. Lamus, 
 
 et juvenem Serranum, qui, iftsignis facie/ luserat 
 
 and the youth Serranus. who, distinguished for boatity, had sported 
 
 plurima ilia nocte, que jacebat victusT 'membra 
 
 much that night, and lay overcome) 'in his limbs 
 
 rnulto Deo; felix, si protinus aequavisset ilium 
 
 with the powerful God of wine; happy, if still he had equalled that 
 
 ludum nocti, que tulisset in lucem. Ceu leo impastus 
 
 play to the nijrht, and had prolonged it to the day. As a lion unfed 
 
 turbans per plena ovilia (enim vesana fames suadet,) 
 
 razing through the full sheepfolds (for mad hunger induce::,) 
 
 que mandit que trahit pecus molle que mutum metu; 
 
 and be tears and drags the flock feeble and dumb with fear; 
 
 fremit cruento ore: nee caedes Euryali minor: et 
 
 he rages with bloody mouth: nor teas the slaughter of Euryalus less: and 
 
 ipse incensus perfurit, ac subit multain plebem sine 
 
 he inflamed ragus, and comes up to a numerous crowd without 
 
 nomine in medio, que Fadum que Hebesum que Rhsetum 
 
 name in the midst, both Fadus and Hcbesus and Rha-tus 
 
 que Abarim, ignaros: Rhaetum vigilantem, et videiitem 
 
 and Abaris, unknown; Rhaetus watching, and seeing 
 
 cuncta; sed metuens tegebat se post magnum cratera: 
 
 all things; but fearing he hid himself behind a great goblet 
 
 cui assurgenti condidit totum ensem cominus in 
 
 to whom rising he buried the whole sword forthwith in 
 
 adverso pectore, et recepit multa morte. Ille vomit 
 
 his opposing breast, and received Aim with abundant death. He vomits out 
 
 purpuream animam, et moriens refert vina mista cum 
 
 his crimsoned life, and dying throws up wine mixed with 
 
 sanguine. Hie fervidus instat furto. Que jam 
 
 blood. He plowing presses on by stealth. And now 
 
 tendebat ad socios Messapi, ubi videbat extremam 
 
 he directed //is course to the companions of Messapus, where he saw the last 
 
 ignem deficere, et equos rehgatos rite carpere gramen, 
 
 Ire to fail, and the horses fastened in order to crop. the grass, 
 
 cum Nisus breviter (enim sensit ferri nimid 
 
 when Nisus briefly (for even he perceived that they were borne on too much 
 
 v<ede atque cupidine,) ait, talia: Absistamus; nam 
 
 daughter and ardour.) said, these words: Let us withdraw; for 
 
 inimica lux propinquat. Satis po3narum est exhaustum; 
 
 ihe hostile light approaches Enough of punishment is accomplished; 
 
 via facta per hostes. Relinquunt que multa arma virum, 
 
 a way is made through our foes. They leave also many arms of men, 
 
 perfecta solido argento.. que simul crateras que 
 
 wrought from solid silver. and at the same time goblets, and
 
 260 359 
 
 pulchros tapetas. Euryalus phaleras Rhamnetis, ol 
 
 beautiful carpetx. Euryulus sciies the ornaments of Rhamnea, and 
 
 cingula aurea bullis, quro dona dilissimus Cadicus 
 
 girdles golden with bosses, which gifts the very wealthy Cudicus 
 
 olim mittit Tiburti Remulo, cum absens jungeret 
 
 formerly sent toTiburtine Remulus, when absent he had united 
 
 hospitio; ille moriens dat suo ncpoti habere: 
 
 witA Aim iu friendship; he dying allows his grandson to have them: 
 
 post mortem Rutuli potiti bello que praedi: rapit haec, 
 
 after his death the Riilulians enjoyed the war and plunder: he seizes these, 
 
 atque nequicquam aptat fortibus humeris. Turn induit 
 
 and in vain fitstAm to bis strong shoulders. Then he puts on 
 
 galeam Messapi habilem, que decoram cristis. Excedunt 
 
 the helmet of Messapns convenient, and beautiful with crests. They leave 
 
 castris, et capessunt tuta. Interea equites 
 
 the camps, and possess the safe peaces. In the meantime the horsemen 
 
 prsemissi ex Latini urbe, dum caetera legio moratur 
 
 Kent before from the Latin city, while the other legion delays 
 
 instructa campis, ibant, et ferebant responsa regi 
 
 drawn up on the plains, went, and bore replies to king 
 
 Turno; tercentum, omnes scutati, Volcente magistro. 
 
 Turnus; three hundred, all wearing shields, Volcena being their leader. 
 
 Que jam propinquabant castris, que subibant muro, 
 
 And now they approached the camps, and approached the wall, 
 
 cum cernunt hos procul flectentes laevo limite; et 
 
 when they see these afar off winding along the left path; and 
 
 galea prodidit Euryalum immemorem in sublustri umbrd 
 
 his helmet betrayed Euryalus unmindful in the light shade 
 
 noctis, que adversa radiis refulsit. Haud temere est 
 
 of night, and opposed to the rays of the moon gleamed. Not plainly was 
 
 visum; Volscens conclamat ab agmine; Viri, state: qua; 
 
 it seen; Volscens cries out from the troop; Men, stand: what is 
 
 causa vise? ve qui estis in armis? ve quo 
 
 the cause of your march? or who are you in arms? or whither 
 
 tenetis iter? Illi tendere nihil contra; sed 
 
 do you direct your inarch? They attempt nothing on the other hand; but 
 
 celerare fugam in sylvas, et fidere nocti. 
 
 btfun to hasten their flight into the woods, and to trust to the night. 
 
 Equites objiciunt sese ad nota divortia hinc atque 
 
 The horsemen oppose themselves to the known turnings on this side and 
 
 hinc, que coronant omnem aditum custode. Fuit 
 
 that, and they surround all the entrance with a guard. There was 
 
 sylva horrida late dumis atque nigri ilice, quam 
 
 a wood horrid far around with bushes and gloomy oak, which 
 
 densi sentes compleverant undique: rara semita 
 
 entangled thorn.-; had filled up on every side: here and there a path 
 
 ducebat per occultos calles. Tenebrae ramorum que 
 
 led them through the secret ways. The darkness of the branches and
 
 2C1 385 
 
 onerosa prada impediunt Euryalum, que timor fallit 
 
 Joailed plunder hinder Euryalus, and fear misleads him 
 
 regione viarum. Nisus abit; que jam imprudena 
 
 from ilie region of the ways. Nisus departs; and now thoughtless 
 
 evaserat hostes atque lacus; qui dicti Albani de nomine 
 
 line! escaped the foes and the lakes; which called Albanian from the name 
 
 Albas; turn rex Latinus habebat alta stabula. Ut stetit, 
 
 of Albx; then king Latinus had there his lofty scabies. As he stood, 
 
 .et frustra respexit absentem amicum: Infelix Euryale, 
 
 and in vain looks back lor his absent friend: Unhappy turyalus, 
 
 qud regione reliqui te? ve qust sequar? Rursus 
 
 in what region have I left you? or whither shall I follow you? Again 
 
 reyolvens omne perplexum iter fallacis sylvae, simul 
 
 unwinding all Ids perplexed path of the deceiving wood, at the same time 
 
 et legit vestigia observata retro, que errat silentibus 
 
 also marks his footsteps observed backwards, and wanders-through UK; silent 
 
 dumis: audit equos, audit strepitds, et signa sequentium. 
 
 bushes: he hears the horses, he hears the noise, and signals of those following. 
 
 Nec longum tempus in medio, cum clamor pervenit ad 
 
 Nor is along time intermediate there, when a shout comes to 
 
 aures, ac videt Euryalum, quern jam omnis manus rapit 
 
 his cars, and he sees Euryalus, whom now the whole band seizes 
 
 oppressum fraude loci et noctis, subito tumultu 
 
 overcome by the fraud of the place and of the night, a sudden tumult 
 
 turbante, et conantem plurima frustra.. Quid faciat? qui 
 
 raging, and attempting many things in vain. What can he do? by what 
 
 vi, quibus armis audeat eripere juvenem? An 
 
 violence, by what arms shall he dare to seize the youth? Whether 
 
 moriturus inferat sese in medios hostes et properet 
 
 about to die shall he bear himself to the midst of his foes and hasten 
 
 pulchram mortem per yulnera? Ocyus torquens hastile 
 
 honourable death by wounds? Quickly turning Ais spear 
 
 lacerto adducto, suspiciens altam Lunam, sic 
 
 ftis arm being drawn back, gazing on the lofty moon, thus 
 
 precatur voce: Tu, Dea, tu praesens succurre 
 
 he prays with his voice: Thou, O Goddess, thou kindly relieve 
 
 nostro labori, Latona, decus astrorum, et custos nemorum: 
 
 our labour, Latona, thou glory of the stars,, and keeper of the groves: 
 
 si unquam pater Hyrtacus tulit qua dona tuis aris 
 
 if evur my father Hyrtacus has borne any gifts to your altar." 
 
 pro me: si ipse auxi qua meis venatibus, ve suspendi 
 
 fur me: if I have added any by my hunting, or suspended then 
 
 iholo, aut fixi ad sacra fastigia: sine me 
 
 from the ceiling, or have fastened them to thy sacred roof: permit ma 
 
 turbare hunc globum, et rege tela per auras. 
 
 to rout this crowd, and guide my darts through the air. 
 
 Dixerat, et connixus toto corpore conjicit ferrum. 
 
 Uc said, and struggling with his whole body he hurled his dan
 
 262 411 
 
 Hasta volans diverberat umbras noctis, et venit in 
 
 The spear flying strikes through the shadows of night, and comes against 
 
 tergum Sulmonis adversi: que ibi frangitur ac 
 
 the buck of Sulmon opposed to Aim: and there is broken aid 
 
 transit prsecordia fisso ligno. Ille frigidus volvitur, 
 
 passes through his breast with the broken wood. He cold \ndeatk rolls over, 
 
 vomens calidum flumen de pectore, et pulsat ilia 
 
 vomiting forth a warm . stream from Ais breast, and strikes his sides 
 
 longis singultibus. Diversi circumspiciunt. Ecce 
 
 with lung drawn sobs. Different ways they look around. Lo 
 
 idem, acrior hoc, librat aliud telum ab summa 
 
 the same Nisus. more active with this, poises another dart from the top 
 
 aure, dum trepidant. Stridens hasta iit per utrumque 
 
 ofAuear, while they tremble. The hissing spear passed through eacli 
 
 tempus Tago, que tepefacta haesit trajectocerebro. Atrox 
 
 temple of Tagus, and warmed remained in Ais pierced brain. Cruel 
 
 Volscens saevit, nee conspicit auctorem teli usquam, 
 
 Volscens raged, nor did he behold the author of the dart any where, 
 
 nec quo ardens possit immittere se. Tamen, inquit, tu 
 
 nor where glowing he can throw himself. Yet, he said, dn you 
 
 interea persolve paenas amborum mihi calido 
 
 in the mean time pay the penalties of both tome with your warm 
 
 sanguine: sirnul ibat in Euryalum, recluso ense. 
 
 blood: at the sajne time- he went against Euryalus, withdrawn sword. 
 
 Tune vero Tfisus exterritus, amens conclamat; nec potuit 
 
 Then indeed Nisus frightened. mad cried out; nor could 
 
 celare se tenebris amplius, aut perferre -tan turn dolorem: 
 
 he conceal himself in darkness any longer, or endure so much grief: 
 
 me, me, adsum qui feci; O Rutuli, convertite 
 
 on me, on mo', I am here who have done it: O RutuTians, turn 
 
 ferrum in me: omnis fraus mea: iste nihil, nec 
 
 your dart on me: all the fraud is mine: he has done nothing, nor 
 
 ausus, nec potuit: testor hoc ccelum, et conscia sidera: 
 
 dared he, nor could he: I call to witness this heaven, and conscious stars: 
 
 tantum nimium dilexit infelicem amicum. 
 
 that only too much he loved Ais unhappy friend. 
 
 Dabat talia dicta: sed ensis adactus viribus 
 
 He uttered these words: but the sword thrust with violence 
 
 transadigit costas, et rumpit Candida pectora. Euryalus 
 
 pierced through his ribs, and broke his fair breast. Eurynlus 
 
 volvitur letho, que cruor it per pulchros artus, que 
 
 rolls in death, and blood flows through his beautiful limbs, and 
 
 cervix collapsa reeumbit in humeros: veluti cum purpureus 
 
 his neck falling leans nn At* shoulders: as when a purple 
 
 flos succisus aratro languescit moriens, ve papavera 
 
 flower cut down by the plough faints dying, or poppies 
 
 demisere caput lasso collo cum forte gravantur 
 
 anj down their head with wearied neck when by chance they are oppressed
 
 263 438 
 
 pluvia. At Nisus ruit in medios, que petit Volscentem 
 
 with rain. But Nisus rushed into the midst, and sought Volscens 
 
 solum per omnes, raoratur in Volscente solo; circura quern 
 
 alone through all, he stays for Volscens alone: around whum 
 
 hostes glomerati hinc atque hinc cominus proturbant. 
 
 ihe enemies gathering on this side and that instantly drive him away, 
 
 Instat * non secius, ac rotat fulminum ensem, donee 
 
 He presses on not the Jess and rolls his thundering sword, until 
 
 condidit in adverse ore clamantis Rutuli, et moriens 
 
 be has hid it in the hostile mouth of the bawling Rutulian, and dying 
 
 abstulit animam hosti. Turn confossus projecit sese 
 
 he took away life from the foe. Then pierced he cast himself 
 
 super exanimum amicum, que ibi demum quievit placicla 
 
 upon his lifeless friend, and there at last rested in peaceful 
 
 morte. 
 
 death. 
 
 Fortunati ambo! si mea carmina possunt quid, nulla dies 
 
 Happy both! if my verses can effect any thing, no day 
 
 unquam eximit vos memori aevo: dum domus JEness 
 
 ever shall exempt you from this memorable time: while the house of /Ericas 
 
 accolet immobile saxum Capitolii que Romanus pater 
 
 shall occupy the immoveable rock ofthecapitol and the Roman father 
 
 habebitimperium. Rutuli victores, potiti praeda, que 
 
 shall possess the empire. The Kutulians victorious, enjoying the plunder, and 
 
 spoliis, flentes ferebant exanimum Volscentem in castra, 
 
 the spoils, weeping bore the lifeless Volscens into the camps. 
 
 nec minor luctus in castris, Rhamnete reperto exsangui, 
 
 nor icas there less grief in the camps, Rhamnes being found lifeless, 
 
 et tot primis peremtis una ccede, que Serrano que 
 
 and so many chiefs being destroyed in one slaughter, both Serranus and 
 
 Numd. Ingens concursus ad corpora ipsa, que 
 
 Numa. A great crowd collects at the bodies themselves, and 
 
 seminece's viros, que locum tepidum recenti csede, et 
 
 dying heroes, and the place warm with fresh slaughter, and 
 
 rivos plenos spumanti sanguine. Agnoscunt inter se 
 
 rivers full of foaming blood. They recognise among them 
 
 spolia, que nitentem galeam Messapi et phaleras 
 
 the spoils, and shining helmet ofMessapus and the trappings 
 
 receptas multo sudore. Et jam prima Aurora, linquens 
 
 recovered with much sweat. And now the early morning, leaving 
 
 croceum cubile Tithoni, spargebat terras novo lumine; 
 
 the saffron bed of Tithonus, sprinkled the earth with new light, 
 
 sole jam infuso, jam rebus retectis 
 
 the rays of the sun now being diffused, now all things being made manifest 
 
 luce. Turnus suscitat viros in arma, ipse circumdatus armis, 
 
 by his light. Turnus arouses the men to arms, he being surrounded oy arms 
 
 que quisque cogit suas aeratas acies in prcelia, que acuunt 
 
 and each one forces his brazen clad bands to battle, and they proveke
 
 264 466. 
 
 ras variis rumoribus. Quin praefigunt ipsa capita 
 
 their wrath by various repor'a. But they fasten the very head* 
 
 Euryali et Nisi in hastis arrectis, miserabile visu, et 
 
 of Euryalua and Nisus on spears erected, miserable to be seen, and 
 
 sequuntur multo clamore. Duri JEneadae opposuere 
 
 they follow with great outcry. The hardy Trojans opposed to them 
 
 aciem in sinistrd parte murorum (nam dextera cingitur 
 
 <Anrbandon the left part of the walls (for the right is surrounded 
 
 amni) que tenent ingentes fossas, et nicest! slant 
 
 by tne river) and they bold the deep ditches, and mournful they stand 
 
 altis turribus, simul videbant ora virfim praefixa, 
 
 on the high towers, as soon as they saw the heads of the men fixed up, 
 
 nimis nota miseris que fluentia atro tabo. 
 
 too well known to their wretched/ricjuk and flowing with black blood. 
 
 Interea pennata Fama, volitans per pavidam urbem 
 
 In the mean time winged Fame, flying through the frightened city 
 
 ruit nuncia, que allabitur aures matris Euryali; ac 
 
 rustic? on a messenger, and glides to the ears of the mother of Euryalus; and 
 
 subitus calor reliquit ossa misers. Radii 
 
 suddenly warmth left the bones of the unhappy woman. The shuttle* 
 
 excussi manibus, que pensa revoluta. Infelix evolat, 
 
 falling from her hands, and her task is unravelled. Unhappy she flies, 
 
 et femineo ululatu, scissa cotnam, amens petit muros, 
 
 and with female wailing, tearing her hair, mad she seeks the walls, 
 
 atque prima agmina cursu. Ula non memor virfimj 
 
 and the first bands in her course. She was not mindfnl of the men, 
 
 non ilia periculi que telorum; dehinc implet ccelum 
 
 uor vas she of danger and darts; then she (ills the heaven 
 
 questibus; Euryale, ego aspicio-te hunc? Ne tu ilia 
 
 with her cries; O Euryalus, do I behold you thus? Whether art thou that 
 
 sera requies meae senectx? Crudelis potuisti linquere 
 
 late consolation of my old age? Cruel could you leave m* 
 
 solam? nec copia data miserae matri affari te 
 
 alone? nor was permission given to your wretched mother to address yo 
 
 extremum, missum sub <anla pericula! Heu! jaces 
 
 for the last time, sent to BO great dangers! Alas! you lio 
 
 ignota terra 1 , data pneda Latinis canibus que alitibus! 
 
 in an unknown land, given up as a prey to the Latin dogs and birdst 
 
 nec mater produxi te tua funera, ve pressi oculos, aut 
 
 nor I your mother prepared you for your funeral, or have closed your eyes, or 
 
 lavi vulnera, tegens veste quam festina urgebam, 
 
 washed your wounds, shrouding you with the dress which hastening I urged OB 
 
 noctes que dies tibi, et solabar aniles curas tela". 
 
 by night and day for you, and consoled my aged anxieties with the loom. 
 
 Qu6 sequar? aut quae tellus nunc habet artus, 
 
 Where shall I follow you? or what land now possesses your limbs, 
 
 que avulsa membra, et lacerum funus? nate, refers, 
 
 and lacerated ircmbers, and violated corpse? O son, do you bring.
 
 265 492 
 
 hoc mihi de te? hoc sum secuta, que terrd que 
 
 this to me of yourself? for this have I followed th.ee, both by land and 
 
 mari? Figite me (si qua pietas est?) Rutuli, conjicite 
 
 sea? Pierce me (if any piety belongs to you) O Rutulians, hurl 
 
 omnia tela in me; absumite me primam ferro? aut 
 
 all your darta on me; cut me off first by the sword? or 
 
 tu, magne pater Divfim, miserere, que detrude hoc invisura 
 
 them, great father of the Gods, pity, and cast this hated 
 
 caput sub Tartara tuo telo, quando nequeo 
 
 head to Tartarus with your thunderbolt, since I cannot 
 
 abrumpere crudelem vitam aliter. Animi 
 
 destroy this cruel existence in any other way. Their mind* 
 
 concuss! hoc fletu, que moestus gemitus it per omnes. 
 
 were agitated by this wailing, and mournful grief extends through all. 
 
 Vires infractae torpent ad praelia. Idaeus et Actor, 
 
 Their strength broken, is powerless in battle. Ideus and Actor, 
 
 monitu Ilionei et liili lacrymantis multurn, corripiunt 
 
 Dy the advice of llioneus and lulus weeping much. bear away 
 
 illam incendentem luctus, que inter manus reponunt 
 
 her inflaming their grief, and between their hands they replace her 
 
 sub tecta. At tuba increpuit terribilem sonitum procul 
 
 within the house. But the trumpet sounded a terrible noise afar 
 
 canoro aere. Clamor sequitur, que ccelum remugit. 
 
 with tuneful brass. A noise follows, and the sky re-echoes. 
 
 Volsci accelerant pariter, testudine acta, et parant 
 
 The Volscians hasten together, a testudo being formed, and prepare 
 
 implere fossas, ac vellere vallum. Pars quaerunt 
 
 to fill the ditches, and to tear down the wall. A part seek 
 
 aditum, et ascendere muros scalis, qua acies est 
 
 access, and to ascend the walls with ladders, where the line is 
 
 rara, que corona non tarn spissa viris interlucet. Contra, 
 
 thin, and the circle not so dense with men is seen through. On the other 
 
 Teucri effundere omne genus telorum, ac 
 
 hand, the Trojans pour forth every kind of weapons, and 
 
 detrudere duris contis, assueti defendere muros longo 
 
 push them down with hard poles, accustomed to defend the walls in the pro- 
 
 bello. Volvebant quoque saxa infesto pondere, 
 
 longed war* They rolled down also rocks with hostile weight, 
 
 si qud possunt perrumpere aciem tectam; 
 
 if by any means they can breakthrough the army protected by their shields^ 
 
 cum tamen libet ferre omnes casus subter densal 
 
 when yet it pleases then to endure all chances beneath the crowded 
 
 testudine. Nee jam sufficiunt; nam, qul ingens globus 
 
 lestudo. Nor now do they endure it; for, where the great mass 
 
 imminet, Teucri que volvunt que ruunt immanem 
 
 hangs over, the Trojans both roll and push down an immense 
 
 molem, quae stravit Rutulos late, que resolvit tegmina 
 
 rock. which overthrows the Rutulians far around, and break* tbe coverings
 
 266 51& 
 
 armorura. Nee audaces Rutuli curant contendere 
 
 of their arms. Nor did the daring Rutulians care to contend 
 
 amplius caeco Marte, sed certant pellere vallo 
 
 any longer in blind war, but attempt to drive them from the wall 
 
 missilibus. Alia parte Mezentius, horrendus visu, 
 
 with flying darts. In another part Mezentius, dreadful in his aspect, 
 
 quassabat Etruscam pinum, et infert fumiferos ignes. At 
 
 shook At* Tuscan pine, and scatters the smoking fires. But 
 
 Messapus, domitor equorum, Neptunia proles, rescindit 
 
 Meosapus, the tamer of horses, Neptune's offspring, cut down 
 
 vallum et poscit scalas in mcenia. Vos, Calliope, 
 
 the ramparts, and demands ladders against the walls. You, O Calliope, 
 
 precor, aspirate canenti, quas strages, quse funera Turnus 
 
 I pray, favour me singing, what slaughters, what deaths Turnus 
 
 turn ediderit ibi ferro, quern virum quisque demiserit 
 
 then bad effected there with the sword, what hero each one sent 
 
 orco; et mecum evolvite ingentes oras belli: Divse, 
 
 to hell; and with me unfold the great outlines of the war; ye goddesses, 
 
 enim, et meministis, et potestis memorare. Erat 
 
 for, you both remember, and you can commemorate them. There was 
 
 turris vasto suspectu, et altis pontibus, opportuna loco, 
 
 a tower of lofty aspect, and high stages, convenient in its locution, 
 
 quam omnes Itali certabant expugnare summis 
 
 which all the Italians contended to overcome with the greatest 
 
 viribus, que evertere summ& vi opum; 
 
 force, and tooverturn with the utmost power of their strength; 
 
 contrd, Troes defendere saxis, que densi 
 
 on the other hand, the Trojans attempted to defend it with stones, and inclose 
 
 intorquere tela per cavas fenestras. Turnus 
 
 array to hurl darts through the hollow windows. Turnus 
 
 princeps conjecit ardentem lampada, et affixit fiamman 
 
 foremost burled a burning rocket, and fastened the flame 
 
 lateri, quae plurima vento, corripuit tabulas, et 
 
 in the side of the tower, which being increased by tbe wind, seized the boards, and 
 
 haesit postibus adesis. Turbati, trepidare intus, que 
 
 cleaved to the posts till destroyed. Troubled, they began to tremble within, and 
 
 frustra velle fugam malorum. Dura glomerant 
 
 in vain to wish for escape from their misfortunes. While they gaihet 
 
 se, que residunt retro in partem quae caret 
 
 themselves, and withdraw back into that part which is free from 
 
 peste, turn turris procubuit subito pondere, et omne 
 
 contagion, then the tower fell suddenly with weight, and all 
 
 ccBlum tonat fragore: seminneces veniunt ad terram, 
 
 heaven thunders with the noise: half dead they come to the earth, 
 
 immani mole secuta, que confixi suis telis, et transfossi 
 
 a huge mass following, and pierced with their darts, and transfixed 
 
 pectora duro ligno. 
 in thtir breasts with tbe bard wood.
 
 267 545 
 
 Vix Helenor unus et Lycus elapsi, quorum Helenor 
 
 Hardly Helenor alone and Lycus escaped, of whom Helenor 
 
 primaevus (quern serva Licymnia furtim sustulerat Maeomo 
 
 the elder (whom the slave Ucymnia secretly had borne to the Lydian 
 
 regi que miserat ad Trojam vetitis armis) levis 
 
 king and had sent to Troy with forbidden arms) teas lightly armed 
 
 nudo ense, que inglorius alba parma. Que ubi is 
 
 with a naked sword, and unhonoured with a blank shield. And when he 
 
 videt se inter media millia Turni; Latinus acies 
 
 sees himself in the midst of the thousands of Turnus; The Latin forces 
 
 adstare hinc, atque acies hinc; ut fera, quae 
 
 to oppose on this side, and the troops on that; as a wild beast, which 
 
 septa densa corona venantium, furit contra tela, 
 
 hedged in by a thick circle of hunters, rages against their weapons. 
 
 que baud nescia injicit sese morti, et fertur saltu supra 
 
 and not ignorant casts himself on death, and is borne by a leap above 
 
 venabula; baud aliter juvenis moriturus, irruit in 
 
 their hunting spears; not otherwise the youth about to die, rushes into 
 
 medios bostes, et tendit qua vidit tela densissima. At 
 
 the midst of foes, and marches where he sees darts thickest. But 
 
 Lypus longe melior pedibus, et inter hostes, et inter arma, 
 
 Lycus far Better on* foot, and amidst foes, and amidst arms, 
 
 tenet muros fuga, que certat prendere alta tecta manu, 
 
 attains the wails by flight, and strives to seize the lofty roof with his hand, 
 
 que attingere dextras sociorum; quern Turnus secutus 
 
 and to reach the right (band of his associates; whom Turnus following 
 
 pariter cursu que telo, victor increpat bis: 
 
 likewise in his course and with a dart, victorious rebukes with these words: 
 
 ne demens speravisti te posse evadere nostras manus? 
 
 whither madmen have you hoped that you could escape my hands? 
 
 Simul arripit ipsum pendentem, et revellit cum 
 
 At the same time he seizes him hanging, and tears Aim down with 
 
 magna parte muri; quales ubi armigei Jovis, 
 
 a great part of the wall; as when the armour bearer of Jupiter, 
 
 petens alta, sustulit aut leporem, aut cycnum candenti 
 
 eeking the lofty air, has raised either a hare, or swan of white 
 
 corpore, uncis pedibus; aut Martins lupus rapuit agnum 
 
 body, in his crooked feet; or a Martial wolf has seized a Iamb 
 
 a stabulis, quaesitum matri multis balatibus. Clamor 
 
 from the stalls, sought by the mother with many blcalings. A shout 
 
 tollitur undique. Invadunt, et complent fossas 
 
 arises on every side. They press on, and fill the ditches 
 
 aggere; alii jactant ardentes tsedas ad fastigia. 
 
 with a heap of earth; others throw burning torches to the roots. 
 
 Ilioneus saxo atque ingenti fragmme montis 
 
 Illoneus with a rock and with a great portion of a mountain overthroics 
 
 Lucetium; subeuntem ports, queferentem ignes; Liger sternit 
 
 Lucetius, coming up to the gate, and bearing fires; Liger oveithrows
 
 268 
 Emathiona, Asylas Chorinaeum, hie bonus jaculo, 
 
 Emathion, Asylus prostrates Chorinxus, this one skilful with the darl, 
 
 hie, sagitta fallente longe; Caeneus Ortigium 
 
 that one, with the arrow deceiving from afar; Cxneus conquers Oiiy-ms. 
 
 Turnus Caeneavictorem, Turnus Itys, que Clomum, 
 
 Turnus Milt Ctcneis the conqueror, Turnus overthrows Itys, and I'lcmins, 
 
 Dioxippum, que Prornulum, et Sagarim, et Idam stantem 
 
 Dioxippus, arid Promulus, and Sagarin, and Idas standing 
 
 pro summis turribus; Capys Privernum. Levia 
 
 upon the lofty towers; Capya conquers Privenus. The light 
 
 hasta Themillae strinxerat hunc primo; ille demens, 
 
 pear of Themilla had graz'd him first; he mad. 
 
 tegmine prqjecto, tulit manum ad vulnus; ergo sagitta 
 
 kis shield being cast aside, placed his hand on the wound; therefore an arrow 
 
 allapsa alis et manus infixa est laevolateri que abdita 
 
 came gliding on wing* and Ais hand was fastened to his left side and penetrating 
 
 intus rupit spiramenta animae lethali vulhere. Filius 
 
 within broke the breathing places of his soul with a deadly wound. His son 
 
 Arcentis stabat in egregiis armis; pictus chlamydem 
 
 Arcentis stood clad in splendid arms; embellished in his clnak 
 
 acu, et clarus IberS. ferrugine, insignis facie; 
 
 with the needle, and distinguished in Iberian purple, renowned forbeauty; 
 
 quern genitor Arcens miserat ^Eneae, ,eductum luco 
 
 whom his father Arcens had sent to ./Eneas, trained in the grove 
 
 Martis, circum Symsetheia flumina, ubi pinguis et placabilis 
 
 of Mars, around Symxthia's streams, where the rich and peaceful 
 
 ara Palici. Mezentius ipse armis positis, egit 
 
 altar of Paliciais. Mezentius himself, his arms being laid aside, drive* 
 
 stridentem fundam, habend adductst ter circum caput, 
 
 a hissing sling, with a string drawn thrice around his head, 
 
 et diffidit media tempora adversi liquefacto plumbo 
 
 and rent the midst of the temple of his adversary with the melting lead 
 
 ac extendit porrectum multa arena. Turn primum bell j 
 
 and stretched Aim prostrated in the deep sand. Then first in the war 
 
 Ascanius dicitur intendisse celerem sagittam, solitus 
 
 Ascanius is said to have hurled apwift arrow, accustomed 
 
 terrere fugaces feras ante, que manu fudisse 
 
 to frighten flying wild beasts before, and with his hand to have overthrown 
 
 fortem Numanum cui Remulo erat cognomen, que 
 
 strong Numanus to whom Remulus was a surname, ahd 
 
 nuper sociatus thalamo, habebat minorem germanam 
 
 lately united in marriage, he had the younger sister 
 
 Turni. Is ante primam aciem vociferans digna atque 
 
 o' Turnus. He before the first troop crying out things worthy ana 
 
 indigna relatu que tumidus praecordia novo regno 
 
 unworthy to be spoken and swelling in his heart with hit new kingdom 
 
 ibat et ferebat sese ingenti clamore Non pudet 
 
 weut anJ conducted himself with great noise. Dot-sir not shame you
 
 269 599 
 
 Phryges bis capti, iterum teneri obsidione que vallo 
 
 ye Trojans twice conquered, again to bu detained by siege and a wall 
 
 et praetendere muros morti. En qui poscunt nostra 
 
 and to interpose ramparts to death. Lo those .who demand our 
 
 connubia sibi bello. Quis Deus, quae dementia adegit 
 
 intermarriage witli them by war. What Deity, what madness drove 
 
 vos Italiam? 
 
 you tn Italy? 
 
 Atridae non hie, nee Ulysses fictor fandi, 
 
 The sons of Atroiis are not here, nor Ulysses the dissembler of speaking, 
 
 durum genus a stirpe. Deferimus natos ad 
 
 but a hardy race from their stock. We carry our children to 
 
 flumina primum, que duramus saevo gelu et undis. 
 
 the rivers first, and we harden them by the severe frost and waters. 
 
 Pueri invigilant vcnatu que fatigant sylvas; ludus 
 
 Our sons are watchful in hunting and they range the woods; it is their sport 
 
 flectere equos et tendere spicula cornu. At juventus 
 
 to turn their horses and to send arrows from the bow. But our youth 
 
 patiens operum que assueta parvo, aut domat terram 
 
 patient of labour and accustomed to economy, either subdue the earth 
 
 rastris aut quatit oppida bello. Omne sevum teritur 
 
 with harrows or shake the towns in war. Our whole life is worn out 
 
 ferro; que fatigamus terga juvencum vers& hasta 1 , 
 
 with the sword; and WK goad the backs of bullocks with the inverted spear, 
 
 nec tarda senectus debililat vires animi que mutat 
 
 nor does Blow old age weaken our powers of mind and change 
 
 vigorem. Premimus canitiem galea que juvat 
 
 our activity. We press down our grey hair with the helmet and it delights us 
 
 semper convectare recentes praedas et vivere rapto. Vobis 
 
 ever to bear together fresh spoils and to live by plunder. Your 
 
 vestis picta croco et fulgenti murice; desidiae cordi; 
 
 dress is painted with saffron and gliltcring purple; sloth is in your heart 
 
 juvat vos indulgere choreis et tunicae habent manicas 
 
 it delights you to indulge in dances and ynurjtunics have sleeves 
 
 et mitrae redimicula. vere Phrygise que ne enim 
 
 and your caps ribands. O truly Trojan women and not truly 
 
 Phryges, ite per alta Dindyma ubi tibia dat 
 
 Trojan men, go through lofty Dinilymus where the pipe gives forth 
 
 biforem cantum assuetis. Tympana que Berecynthia 
 
 the discrepant note to you accustomed. The tymbrel and Berecynthian 
 
 buxus Idaeae matris vocat vos: sinite arma viris et cedite 
 
 flute of the Idxan mother call you: yield arms to men and retire from 
 
 ferro. Ascanius non tulit jactantem talia diclis 
 
 the sword. Ascanius did not enduni Aim boasting these 'lungs iri words 
 
 ac canentem dira, que obversus contendit telura 
 
 and singing forth direful cries, and turning he extended his arrow 
 
 equlno nervo, que ducens brachia dj versa constitit 
 
 on the liorso hair string, and drawing his arms apart he stood
 
 270 6-U 
 
 supplex piecatus Jovem per vota ante. Omnipotens Jupiter 
 
 humbly praying Jupiter by vows flrst. Almighty Jove 
 
 annue audacibus coeptis. Ipse feram solemnia dona tibi, 
 
 favour my daring attempt. I will bear solemn gifts to you. 
 
 ad tua templa et ante aram statuam candentemjuvencum 
 
 to your temples and before your altar I will place awhile bullock 
 
 auralta fronte, que ferentein caput pariter cum matre; 
 
 with gilded forehead, and bearing Ai.> head equally with his niuther 
 
 qui jam petat cornu et spargat arenam pedibus. 
 
 who now strikes with AM horn and scatters the sand with Ai feet. 
 
 Genitor audivit, et de serena parte cceli intonuit 
 
 The Father of the Oo/is heard, and from the serene part of heaven thundered 
 
 laevum. Fatifer arcus sonat una; et sagitta elapsa 
 
 on the left. The fate-bearing bow sounds at once; and the arrow discharged 
 
 fugit stridens horrendum que venit per caput Remuli et 
 
 flies hissing dreadfully and comes through the head of Renmlus and 
 
 trajicit cava tempora ferro. I illude virtutem superbis 
 
 pierces the hollow temples with the steel. Go mock courage by proud 
 
 verbis. Phryges bis capti remittant haec responsa 
 
 words. The Trojans twice captured fend back these replies 
 
 Rutulis. Ascanius haec tantum. Teucri sequuntur 
 
 to the Rutulians. Ascanius said these things only. The Trojans follow 
 
 clamore, que fremunt laetitia que tollunt animos ad sidera. 
 
 with a shout, and applaud with joy and raise their minds to the stars. 
 
 Turn forte" crinitus Apollo in setherea plaga desuper 
 
 Then by chance golden haired Apollo in the celestial region from above 
 
 videbat Ausonias acies que urbem, sedens nube, atque 
 
 taw the Ausonian armies and city, sitting on a cloud, and 
 
 affatur lulum victorem his: Macte nova" virtute, 
 
 addresses the lulus conqueror in these wordi.' Prosper in your new virtue, 
 
 Suer; sic itur ad astra; genite Diis, et geniture 
 boy; thus hfroes ascend to the stars; descended from Gods, and about togenerate 
 
 Deos. Omnia bella ventura fato, jure resident sub 
 
 Gods. All wars about to come by fate, in justice shall terminate under 
 
 gente Assaraci; nee Troja capit te. Simul effatus 
 
 the race of Assaracus; nor can Troy contain thee. At the same time having said 
 
 haec, mittit se ab alto sethere, djmovit spirantes 
 
 Ihese things, he casts himself from the lofly sky, moves through the breathing 
 
 auras, que petit Ascanium; turn forma oris 
 
 gales!, and seeks Ascanius; then in the form of his countenance 
 
 vertitur in antiquum Buten. Hie fuit armiger 
 
 he U changed into ancient Bute*. He had been armour-hearer 
 
 Dardanio Anchisse ante, que fidus custos ad limina; turn 
 
 lo Trojan Anchises formerly, and a faithful keeper at the gate; thei 
 
 pater addidit comitem Ascanio. Apollo ibat similis 
 
 u father united Aim as a companion to Ascanius. f Apollo went resembling 
 
 longievo omnia, que vocem, que colorem, et albos crines, 
 
 . tht aged man in all lAtny*, both in voice, and hue, and hoary luc^-i.
 
 271 6.W 
 
 et arma saeva sonoribus; atque affatur ardentem liilum 
 
 nd arms harsh in tlieir sound; and headdresses the glowing lulus 
 
 his dictis: JEneide, sit satis Numanum oppetivisse 
 
 with these words: Son of /Eneas, let it be enough that Numanus has fallen 
 
 tuis telis impune: magnus Apollo concedit 
 
 My your darts \\ii\ioul injury to yourself: great Apollo has yielded 
 
 hanc primam laudem tibi, et non invidet paribus armis. 
 
 tlm first praise to you, and does not envy you equal amis. 
 
 Castera parce bello puer; Apollo sic orsus, reliquit 
 
 For the rest abstain from war, noble boy; Apollo thus having said, laid aside 
 
 mortales aspectus medio sermtme, et evanuitprocul ex 
 
 /us mortal appearance in Uie midst of Jiis discourse, and vanished far from 
 
 oculis in tenuem auram. Dardanidae Proceres agnovere 
 
 their eyes into thin air. The Trojan Chiefs knew 
 
 Deum, que di'vina tela, que sensere sonantem pharetram 
 
 the God, and his divine darts, and perceived the sounding quiver 
 
 fuga. 
 
 in his flight. 
 
 Ergo prohibent Ascanium avidum pugnse, dictis 
 
 Therefore they forbid Ascanius anxious for the fight, by the words 
 
 ac numine Phcebi: ipsi rursus succedunt in certamina, 
 
 and divine influence of Apollo; they again inarch on to the contest, 
 
 que mittunt animas in aperta pericula. Clamor it per 
 
 and expose their lives to open dangers. A cry goes through 
 
 propugnacula totis muris; intendunt acres arcus, que 
 
 the bulwarks around all the walls; they direct the strong bows, and 
 
 torquent amenta. Omne solum sternitur telis; turn 
 
 hurl the slings. All the ground is spread with darts: then 
 
 scuta que cavse galeae dant sonitum; flictu, aspera 
 
 shields and hollow helmets give forth a sound; in their conflict, a cruel 
 
 pugna surgit; quantus imber venie.ns pluvialibus 
 
 slaughter arises; such a shower proceeding from the rainy 
 
 Haedis ab occasu verberat humum; quam multd grandine 
 
 Haidi from the west beats the ground; as with much hail 
 
 nimbi praecipitant in vada, cum Jupiter, horridus 
 
 storms rush down upon the waves, when Jupiter, terrible 
 
 Austris, torquet aquosam hyemem, et rumpit cava 
 
 with Ats south winds, hurls the watery tempest, and bursts the hollow 
 
 nubila ccelo. Pandarus et Bitias creti Idseo Alcanore, 
 
 clouds in the sky. Pandarus and Bitias sprung from Idean Alcanor, 
 
 quos sylvestris Hiera eduxit 'luco Jovis, juvenes 
 
 whom rustic Hiera brought up in the grove of Jupiter, young men 
 
 eequos patriis abietibus et montibus, recludunt portam, 
 
 equal '.o fAci'r native firs and mountains, open the gates 
 
 quse commissa imperio ducis, freti armis, 
 
 which had been entrusted to the command of their leader, trusting to their arms, 
 
 que mcenibus ultro invitant hostem. Ipsi intus adstant 
 
 ana from the walls gladly challenge the enemy. They within stunj
 
 272 677 
 
 pro turribus dextr& ac laeva 1 , armati ferro, et 
 
 u(>ii the ittwers on the right hn*d and the left, armed with the sword, and 
 
 corusci alta capita cristis: quales geminae aerise quercua 
 
 glittering on their lofty heads with crvsts: as two tall oaks 
 
 consurgunt circum liquentiallumina, sive ripis Padi, 
 
 arise about the flowing streams, either on the banks of the Fo, 
 
 seu propter am.Tnum Athesim, que attollunt intonsa 
 
 or near to the pleasant Athesis, and lift their untriinmeti 
 
 capita coelo, et nutant sublimi vertice. Rutuli 
 
 heads to heaven, and nod with their lofty head. The Rululians 
 
 irrumpunt, ut videre aditus patentes. Continue Quercens 
 
 rush in, as they beheld the entrance open. Forthwith ftuercena, 
 
 et Equicolus pulcher armis, et Tmarus prseceps animi, et 
 
 and Equicolus beautiful in arms, and Tmarus rash in mind, and 
 
 mavortius Hsemon, aut versi dedere terga, totis 
 
 warlike Hscmon, either repulsed turned ttieir backs, with all 
 
 agminibus, aut posuere vitam in limine ipso portae. 
 
 their bands, or laiddown their life at the entrance itself ofthe gate 
 
 Turn ir?e magis increscunt tiiscordibus animis; et jam 
 
 Then rage the more increases in their discordant minds; and now 
 
 Tree's collect! glomerantur eodem, et audent conferre 
 
 the Trojans collected gather to the same places, and dare engage 
 
 manurn, et procurrere longius. Nuncius perfertur Turno, 
 
 their hand, and to advance farther. A message is brought to Turnus, 
 
 ductori furenti in div^rsa" parte, que turbanti viros; 
 
 rtic leader raging in a different part, and disturbing the men; 
 
 hostem fervere novS. csede, et praebere portas 
 
 that the foe burned with unprecedented destruction, and rendered their gates 
 
 patentes. Deserit inceptum, atque concitus immani ird, 
 
 open. He deserts his purpose, . and aroused with dreadful rage, 
 
 ruit ad Dardaniam portam, que superbos fratres; et 
 
 he rushes to the Trojan gate, and proud brothers; and 
 
 primum jaculo conjecto sternit, Antiphaten, 
 
 first, His arrow being thrown, he prostrates Aniipliatcs, 
 
 nothum alti Sarpedonis de Thebana" matre; 
 
 the spurious pflspring of the proud Sarpedon from a Thcban mother; 
 
 enim is primus agebat se. Itala cornus volat per 
 
 for he first showed himself. The Italian arrow flies through 
 
 tenuem ae'ra, que infixa stomacho, abit sub altum pectus; 
 
 the thin air, and piercing his stomach, enters beneath his deep breast, 
 
 specus. atri vulneris reddit spumantem undam et 
 
 the orifice of the deep wound sends forth a foaming wave of blood, and 
 
 ferrum tepescit in fixo pulmone. Turn Meropem atque 
 
 HIP sword warms in his pierced lungs. Then Merops and 
 
 Erymantha manu, turn sternit Aphidnum, turn Bitian 
 
 Cryuias with his hand, then he overthrows Arphidnus, then Bitias 
 
 ardettem oculis, que frementem animis; non jaculo, 
 
 dashing fire from his eyes, and raging in his mind; not with the dart.
 
 273 7t*I 
 
 enim neque ille dedisset vitam jaculo; sed contorta 
 
 for neither would he have yielded his life to the dart; but a brandished 
 
 phalarica stridens magnum venit, acta modo 
 
 fiery javelin hissing much came, driven on in the manner 
 
 fulminis, quam nee duo taurea terga, nee fidelis 
 
 of a thunderbolt, which neither two bulls' hides, or his faithful 
 
 lorica duplici squamsi et auro, sustinuit: immania 
 
 coat nf mail double with scales and gold, sustained: his huge 
 
 membra ruunt collapsa. 
 
 limbs fall fainting. 
 
 Tellus dat gemitum, et ingens intonal super clypeum. 
 
 The earth gives a groan, and huge he thunder:! falling upon his shield. 
 
 Qualis, in. Euboico litore Baiarum, quondam saxea pila 
 
 As, on the Eu bean shore ofBai;c, someiinies a rocky masa 
 
 cadit, quam, constructam ante magnis molibus, jaciunt 
 
 tVUs, which, built up before of great size, tliey place 
 
 ponto; sic ilia prona trahit ruinam, que penitus 
 
 in the sea; thus it inclining draws down destruction, and deeply 
 
 recumbit illisa vadis. Maria miscent se, et 
 
 falls dashed against the shadows. Tin; seas intcriningle themselves, and 
 
 nigne arenas attolluntur. TumaltaProchyta tremit sonitu, que 
 
 the black sands are upraised. Then high Prochyta trembles with the sound", and 
 
 Inarime imposita Typhaeo, durum cubile, imperiis 
 
 Inarime placed on Typheus, a hard bed, by command 
 
 Jovis. Hie Mars armipotens addidit animum que vires 
 
 of Jupiter. Here Mars powerful in arms has added courage and strength 
 
 Latinis, et vertit acres stimulos sub pectore, que immisit 
 
 to the Latins, and turned sharp goads in their breast, and cast 
 
 fugam, que atrum timorem Teucris. Conveniunt 
 
 flight, and black dread on the Trojans. The Latins assemble 
 
 undique; quoniam copia pugnse data que beliator 
 
 from every side; since an occasion of fighting is given and the warrior 
 
 Deus incidit animo. Pandarus, ut cernit germanum 
 
 God glides into their mind. Pandarus, as he sees his brother 
 
 corpore fuso, et quo loco fortuna sit, qui casus 
 
 his body being overthrown, and in what place fortune is, what chance 
 
 agat res, torquet portam multa vi cardine 
 
 Influences his affairs, hurls back the gate with much violence on the hinge 
 
 converse, obnixus latis humeris, que linquit multos 
 
 \urned, opposing with his broad shoulders, and leaves many 
 
 suorum exclusos moenibus, in duro certamine; ast 
 
 of l.\s friends excluded from the walls, in the hard contest; but 
 
 includit alios cum se, que recipit ruentes; demens! 
 
 be includes others with himself and recei ves them rushing; madman/ 
 
 qui non viderit Rutulum regem in medio agmine 
 
 Who had not seen the Rutulian king in the midst -jf the troops 
 
 irrumpentem que ultro incluserit urbi, veluti irumanem 
 
 rushing in and anxiously inclosed him in the city as a savage
 
 274 730 
 
 tigrim inter inertia pecora. Continue nova lux effulsit 
 
 tiger amidst the hclplesa flocks. Forthwith a new light eliona 
 
 ocuHs, et arma sonuere horrendum; sanguineae cristae 
 
 front hit eyes, and his arms sounded horridly; AM bloody crest* 
 
 tremunt in vertice, que mittit micantia fulgura clypeo. 
 
 tremble on kia head, and sends glittering lightnings from his shield. 
 
 ^Eneadae turbati subito agnoscunt invisam faciem atque 
 
 The Trojans disturbed suddenly recognize his hated face and 
 
 immania membra. Turn ingens Pandarus emicat et 
 
 immense limbs. Then great Pandarus springs forth and 
 
 fervidus iri fraternae mortis aflfatur: haec non ddtalis 
 
 glowing with rage for his brother's death cries out: this is not the dowry 
 
 regia Amate, nee media Ardea cohibet Turnum 
 
 palace of Amata, nor does the midst of Ardea contain Turnus 
 
 patnis muris. Vides inimica castra; nulla potestas 
 
 in Ais father's walls. You behold hostile camps; there is no powei 
 
 exire hinc. Turnus subridens olli sedato pectore: 
 
 to escape from hence. Turnus smiling on him with settled breast says: 
 
 incipe, si qua virtus animo, et consere dextram; 
 
 begin, if any courage is in your soul, and engage my right hand; 
 
 narrabis Priamo Achillem inventum hie etiam. Dixerat 
 
 you shall say to Priam that Achilles is found here also. He said. 
 
 Ille intorquet hastam rudem nodis 'et crudo cortice 
 
 He hurled his spear rough with* knots and green bark. 
 
 adnixus summis viribus. Aurae excepere vulnus; 
 
 (Struggling will) all his strength^ The air received tin; wound: 
 
 Saturnia Juno veniens detorsit, que hasta infigitur porte. 
 
 Saturnian Juno approaching turned it, and the spear' is fastened in the gate. 
 
 At non effugies hoc telum, quod mea dextera versal 
 
 But you shall not escape this dart, which my right hand hurla 
 
 vi, enim neque auctor teli, nee vulneris is. 
 
 with strength, for neither is the author of the dart, nor of the wound the same. 
 
 Sic ait, et consurgit alte in ensem sublatum, et ferro 
 
 Thus he said, and rises high on his sword uplifted, and with its blade 
 
 dividit mediam frontem inter gemina tempora, que 
 
 he divides the midst of his forehead between Ais two temples, and 
 
 impubes malas immani vulnere; sonus fit, tellus est 
 
 youthful cheeks with a deep wound; a sound is made, the earth ia 
 
 concussa ingenti pondere. Moriens sternit hurni 
 
 shaken with his great weight. Dying he stretches on the ground 
 
 collapses artus, atque arma cruenta cerebro; atque caput 
 
 his fainting limbs, and arms bloody with brains; and At* head 
 
 Eependit illi aequis partibus hue atque illuc ex 
 ings down from him with equal parts hither and, -thither from 
 
 utroque humero. Troes versi trepidd forimJine 
 
 each shoulder. The Trojans turning with trembling fear 
 
 diCfugiunt: et si continue ea cura subivisset victorem 
 
 fly: and if immediately this care had occurred to the conqueror.
 
 275 758 
 
 rnmpere claustra manu que immittere socios 
 
 to break open the enclosures with his hand and to admit Ai companions 
 
 portis, ille dies fuisset ultimus bello que genti; sed 
 
 by the gates, that day had been the last to the war and to the nation; but 
 
 furor que insana cupido caedis egit ardentem in 
 
 rage and a mad desire of slaughter drove him on raging against 
 
 adversos. Principle excepit Phalarim, et Gygen poplite) 
 
 his foes. At first be intercepts Phalaris, and Gyges Ais hai 
 
 succiso; hinc ingerit hastas raptas in tergum fugientibus;' 
 
 being cut; then he hurls his spears snatched up against the back of the flying,, 
 
 Juno ministrat vires que animum. 
 
 Juno supplies strength and courage. 
 
 Addit Halyn comitem, et Phegea parmd confixd: deinde 
 
 He adds Halys as a companion, and Phegeas his shield being pierced; then 
 
 ignaros in muris, que cientes martem, que Alcandrum, 
 
 those ignorant on the walls, and exciting war, and Alcander, 
 
 que Halium que Noemana, que Prytanim. Connixus 
 
 and Halius and Noeinan, and Prytanis. Struggling 
 
 dexter ab aggere occupat Lyncea tendentem contra 
 
 on the right from the wall he seizes Lynceus approaching against him 
 
 que vocantem socios, vibranti gladio; huic caput 
 
 and calling out to his companions, with glittering sword; hia bead 
 
 corainus dejectum uno ictu jacuit longe cum galed; inde 
 
 forthwith struck off with one blow, fell far off with bis helmet; then 
 
 Amycum, vastatorem ferarum; quo non alter felicior 
 
 Amycus, the destroyer of wild beasts; than whom not another was more skilful 
 
 ungere tela manu, que armare ferrum veneno; et 
 
 to anoint the darts with the hand, and to arm its steel with poison; and 
 
 Clytum jEoliden, et Cretea, amicum Musis, Cretea 
 
 Clytus the son of ^Eolus, and Creteus, a friend to the Muses, Creteus 
 
 comitem Musarum, cui carmina semper et citharae 
 
 a companion of the Muses, to whom were songs ever and harps 
 
 cordi, que intendere numeros nervis; semper canebat 
 
 for a delight, and to direct numbers on the strings; ever he sung 
 
 equos, atque arma virorum, que pugnas. Tandem Teucri 
 
 of horses, and the arms of men, and battles. At last the Trojan 
 
 ductores, Mnestheus, que acer Serestus, caede suorum 
 
 leaders, Menestheus, and brave Serestus, the slaughter of liis friends 
 
 audita" conveniunt; que vident socios palantes, que 
 
 beingheard, assemble; and they see their companions wandering about, and 
 
 hostem receptum. Et Mnestheus inquit: Quo deinde 
 
 the enemy received in. And Mnestheus says: Whither then 
 
 fugam? quo tenditis? quos alios muros, quaemoania 
 
 shall I fly? where do you direct your course? what other walls, what ramparti 
 
 jam habetis ultra? O cives, unus homo, septus 
 
 now have you beyond? O my countrymen, shall one man, surrounded 
 
 vestris aggeribus undique, ediderit tantas strages per 
 
 by your ramparts on every side, have giveu so great destruction through
 
 276 785 
 
 tirbem impune? miserit tot primes juvenum Oreo? 
 
 the city unpunished? shall he send so many of the first of our youth to belli 
 nonque rniserit quopudet, segnes infelicis patri<c. 
 
 are you not both moved with pity and shame, ye slothful for your unhappy country 
 
 que veterum Deorum, et magni jEneiE? Accensi talibus, 
 
 and your ancient Gods, and great ./Eneas? Inflamed by tucbicards 
 
 firmantur et consistunt denso agmine. Turnus paulatinj 
 
 they are aninfitcd and they stand in thick array. Turnus by degree! 
 
 excedere pugnA, et peterefluvium,acpartemqu cingitui 
 
 departs from the battle, and seeks the river, and the part which is surroundat 
 
 amni. Teucri acrius hoc incumbere magno 
 
 bytherirer. The Trojans more boldly for this press on with great 
 
 clamore, et glomerare manum: ceu cum turba premit ssvum 
 
 BhOut, and collect a band: as when a crowd presses a cruel 
 
 leonem infensis telis; at ille territus, asper, tuens acerba, 
 
 lion with hostile darts; but lie terrified, bold, looking sternly, 
 
 redit retro; et neque ira aut virtus patitur dare terga; 
 
 retires backwards; and neither anger or courage suffers Aim to give back; 
 
 nec ille est potis tendere contra, per tela que viros, 
 
 nor he is able to proceed against them through darts and men, 
 
 cupiens quidem hoc; haud aliter Turnus dubius refert 
 
 desiring indeed this; not otherwise Turnus doubtful bears 
 
 improperata vestigia retro; et mens exaestuat ira". Quin 
 
 Ws unhurried steps backward; and At'* mind burns with rape. But 
 
 etiam turn, bis invaserat hostes medios: bis 
 
 even then, twice had he attacked his enemies in the midst: twice 
 
 vertit agmina confusa fugS, per muros. Sed omnis 
 
 he turned their backs confused in flight along the walls. But ail 
 
 manus coit propere e castris in unum; nec 
 
 the band unites hastily from the camps against Aim alone; nor 
 
 Saturnia Juno audet sufficere vires contra; nam Jupiter 
 
 doeiSaturnian Juno dare to supply strength against them; for Jupiter 
 
 demisit aeriam Trim ccelo, ferentem haud mollia jussa 
 
 Bent down airy Iris from heaven, bearing not gentle commands 
 
 germanae, ni Turnus cedat altis mcenibus 
 
 to his sister, unless Turnus would withdraw from the lofty walls 
 
 Teucrorum. Ergo juvenis valet subsistere tantum, nec 
 
 of the Trojans. Therefore the youth can sustain so much, neither 
 
 clypeo nec dextra"; sic obruitur telis injectis 
 
 with Aw shield, nor right hand; thus he is ove whelmed with darts east 
 
 undique. Galea, circum cava tempora, strepit 
 
 from every side. His helmet around his hollow temples, resounds 
 
 assiduo tinnitu, et solida ara fatiscunt saxis; que 
 
 with continual ringing, and the solid brazen-armour cracks with stone*; and 
 
 jubaj discussas capiti; nec umbo sufficit ictibus: et 
 
 the plumes are struck off from his head; nor can the boss sustain the blows; both 
 
 Troes, et fulmineus Mnestheus ipse, ingeminant 
 
 the Tro/ant, and thundering Mnestheus himself. redouble tAeiVartaclt*
 
 277 810 
 
 hastis. Turn sudor liquitur toto corpore, et 
 
 with spears. Then perspiration runs from his whole body, and 
 
 agit piceum flumen, nee potestas respirare; seger 
 
 pours a pitcby stream, nor is there power to breathe; a feeble 
 
 anhelitus quatit fessos artus. Turn demum praeceps dedit 
 
 panting shakes their weary limbs. Then at last headlong he gave 
 
 sese omnibus armis, saltu in fluvium. Hie accepit 
 
 himself with all his arms, with a leap into the river. It receives Aim 
 
 venientem cum suo flavo gurgite, ac extulit mollibus undis; 
 
 coming with its yellow stream, and raises Aim on the soft waves; 
 
 et remisit Isetum sociis, caede ablutA. 
 
 and sends Aim bacK joyful to. his companions, blood being washed from At'ob 
 
 ^ENEID. 
 BOOK TENTH, 
 
 INTEREA domus omnipotentis Olympi panditur 
 
 IN the mean time the bouse of the all commanding Olympus is laid open, 
 
 que pater Divum atque rex hominum vocat concilium in 
 
 and the father of the Gods and ruler of men calls a council in 
 
 sideream sedem, unde arduus aspectat omnes terras, que 
 
 the starry seat, whence exalted be beholds all countries, and 
 
 castra Dardanidum, que Latinos populos. Considunt 
 
 the camps of the Trojans, and the Latin people. They were seated 
 
 tectis bipatentibus; ipse incipit; magni 
 
 in apartments having folding doors; he begins; ye great 
 
 caelicolae, quianam vobis sententia versa retro? 
 
 inhabitants of heaven, why is your purpose turned back? 
 
 que certatis tantum iniquis animis? Abnueram Italiam 
 
 and do you contend so much with hostile minds? I had forbidden Italy 
 
 concurrere Teucris bello: quae discordia contra 
 
 lo engage with the Trojans in war; what is this discord against 
 
 vetitum? quis metus suasit, aut hos aut hos, sequi 
 
 my prohibition? what fear has persuaded, either these or those, to pursue 
 
 arraa, que lacessere ferrum? Justum tempus pugnaa 
 
 arms, and to provoke the sword? A just time of war 
 
 adveniet (ue arcesssite) cum olim fera Carthago 
 
 shall come (do not anticipate it) when hereafter savage Carthage 
 
 immittet magnum exitium, atque apertas Alpes, Romania 
 
 hall send great destruction. ^nd the opened A\p9, on the Roma*
 
 278 14 
 
 arcrbus: turn licebit certare odiis, turn rapuisse 
 
 towers: then it shall be allowed to contend witb hatred, then to ravage 
 
 res. Nunc sinite, et Iseti componite placitum fcedus. 
 
 all things. Now cease, and joyful ratify an approved treaty. 
 
 Dixit haec paucis; at aurea Venus refert, 
 
 He said these things in a few words: but beautiful Venus replies \\\eofd. 
 
 non pauca, contra. pater, 6 aeterna potestas 
 
 not a few, on the other hand. O father, O' eternal sovereignty 
 
 hominum que Divum (namque quid aliud sit, quod 
 
 of men and of Gods (for what other can there be, which 
 
 jam queamus implorare?) cerrtis ut Rutuli insultant 
 
 now we can supplicate?) you see how theRutuliana insult u 
 
 que Turnus insignis equis feratur per medios, que 
 
 and Turnus distinguished by his horses is borne through the midst, and 
 
 ruat tumidus secundo Marte? jam clausa maenia 
 
 rushes on swelling with prosperous war? now their enclosed ramparts 
 
 non tegunt Teucros; quin miscent praelia intra portas, 
 
 do not protect the Trojans; but they intermingle battle within the gates, 
 
 atque ipsis aggeribus murorum, et fosses inundant 
 
 and the very towers of the walls, and the ditches swim 
 
 sanguine. ./Eneas ignarus abest. Ne nunquam sines 
 
 with blood. Aeneas ignorant is absent. Will you never allow us 
 
 levari obsidione? Iterum hostis imminet muris nascentis 
 
 to be relieved from siege? Again the foe threatens the walls of rising 
 
 Trojse, nec-non alter exercitus; atque iterum Tydides 
 
 Troy, likewise another army; and again Diomede 
 
 surgit ab ./Etolis Arpis, in Teucros. Equidem credo 
 
 arises from ^Ttolian Arpi, against the Trojans. Indeed I believe 
 
 mea vulnera restant; et tua progenies, demoror mortalia 
 
 my own wounds remain; and I your own offspring, await mortal 
 
 arma. Si. Troes petiere Italiam sine tu&. pace, atque 
 
 arms. If the Trojans have sought Italy without thy leave, and 
 
 numine invito, luant peccata, neque juveris 
 
 thy deity forbidding, let them suffer for their faults, nor do you assist 
 
 illos auxiliis, sin secuti tot responsa que Superi 
 
 them with your aid, but if pursuing no many prophecies which the Gods abovi 
 
 que Manes dabant, cur nunc potest quis quam fleeter? 
 
 and the Gods below gave, why now can any one turn asid , 
 
 tua jussa? aut cur condere nova fata? Quid repetam 
 
 thy commands? or why contrive new destinies? Why shall I call to mind 
 
 classes exustas in Erycino litore? Quid regem 
 
 tteir fleets burnt on the Erycinian shore? Why the king 
 
 tempestatum, que furentes ventos excites JSolia 1 , aut Trim 
 
 ol tempests, and the raging winds awakened in Eolia, or Iris 
 
 actam nubibus? nunc etiam movet manes, (hsec 
 
 commissioned from the clouds? now even she moves the shades, (this 
 
 sors rerum manebat intentata;) et Alecto, repentd 
 
 chance of your affairs remained unattempted,) and Alecto, suddenly
 
 279 41 
 
 immissa superis, bacchata per medias urbes 
 
 sent up to tne world above, rages through the midst of the cities 
 
 Jtalorum. Moveor nil super imperio; speravimus 
 
 of the Italians. I am moved in no way for power; we had hoped 
 
 ista dum fortuna fuit; vincant, quos mavis 
 
 lhf.se things while fortune remained; let them conquer, whom you wish 
 
 vincere. Si est nulla regio quara tua dura conjux 
 
 to conquer. If there is no region which your cruel wife 
 
 det Teucris, genitor, obtestor per fumantia excidia 
 
 will give to Trojans, O father, I pray by the smoking remains 
 
 eversae Trojae, liceat dimittere Ascanium 
 
 of overturned Troy, may it be lawful to send away Ascahius 
 
 incolumem ab armis; liceat nepotem superesse; 
 
 unhurt from arms: let it be allowed to my grandson to survive; 
 
 sane ^Eneas jactetur in ignotis undis, et quamcunque 
 
 truly JEneas may be tossed on unknown waves, whatever 
 
 viam fortuna dederit, sequatur; valeam tegere hunc, 
 
 way fortune may bave given, let him follow; may I be able to protect him, 
 
 et subducere diras pugnae. 
 
 and withdraw Aim from the dreadful fight. 
 
 Est Amathus, est mini celsa Paphos, atque 
 
 There is Amathus, there is to me lofty Paphos, and 
 
 Cythera, que domus Idalise: inglorius exigat aevum hie, 
 
 Cythera, and the house of Idalia: without honour let him pass his life here, 
 
 armis positis. Jubeto ut Carthago premat Ausoniam 
 
 arms being relinquished. Command that Carthage may restrain Ausonia 
 
 magna ditione; nihil inde obstabit Tyriis urbibus. 
 
 with great authority; nothing hence shall oppose the Tyrian cities. 
 
 Quid juvit evadere pestem belli, et medium 
 
 What does it profit to escape the destruction of war, and in the midst 
 
 fugisse per Argolicos ignes; que tot pericula 
 
 to have escaped through the Grecian fires; and so many dangers 
 
 maris que vastae terrae exhausta, dum Teucri quaerunt 
 
 of the sea and the extended land exhausted, while the Trojans . 
 
 Latium que recidiva Pergama? non ne satius insedisse 
 
 Latium and new rising Pergamus? was it not better to sit down 
 
 supremos'cineres patriae, atque solum, quo Troja fuit? 
 
 on the last ashes of their country, and the soil, where ' Troy has been? 
 
 Oro, redde Xanthum et Simoenla miseris; que da 
 
 I entreat. restore Xanthus and Simois to the unhappy men; and give 
 
 Teucris, pater, iterum revolvere Hiacos casus. Turn 
 
 to the Trojans, O father, again to endure Trojan calamities. Then 
 
 regia Juno, acta gravi furore; quid cogis me 
 
 royal Juno, inflamed by severe anger said; why do you constrain me 
 
 rumpere alta silentia, et vulgare obductum dolorem 
 
 to break deep silence, nnd to spread abroad my concealed grief 
 
 verbis? Quisquam toominum que Divum subegit ^Enean 
 
 by n nrds? Bid any one of mn and of Goda compel jncae
 
 280 66 
 
 sequi bella, aut inferre se hostem regi Latino? Petivit 
 
 to prosecute war, or to offer himself an enemy to king Latinus? He sought 
 
 Italiam fatis auctoribus: esto; impulsus furiis Cassandra 
 
 Italy the fates being Ais guides: be it so; driven on by the madness of Cassandra 
 
 num hortati sumus linquere castra, aut committere 
 
 wlicthcr diduea(lvise/;ini to relinquish Ai camps, -or to trust 
 
 vilam ventis? num credere summam belli, num 
 
 'nv life to the winds? whether to trust the chief conduct of the war, whether 
 
 muros puero, ve agitare Tyrrhcnam fidem, aut gentea 
 
 the walls to a boy, or to unsettle Tuscan faith, or nations 
 
 quietas? Quis Deus, quae dura potentia nostra egit 
 
 *t peace? What God, what severe authority of ours has driven Aim 
 
 in fraudem? Ubi Juiio hie, ve Iris demissa nubibus? Est 
 
 to fraud? When teas Juno here, or Iris sent down from the clouds? It ii 
 
 indignum, Ttalos circumdare nascentem Trojam flammis, 
 
 disgraceful for the Italians to surround rising Troy with flames, 
 
 et Turnum consistere patrid terra", cui Pilumnis avus 
 
 and for Turnus to settle on his native soil, to whom Pilumnis is grand sire, 
 
 cui Diva Venilia mater. Quid Trojanos ferre vim 
 
 to whom the Goddess Venclia ii mother. What s it for the Trojans to ofler violence 
 
 Lalinis atrS. face, premere aliena arva jugo, atque 
 
 lo the Latins with cruel warfare, to subject foreign fields to the yoke, and 
 
 avertere prsdas? Quid legere soceros, et abducere 
 
 to carry off plunder? What to steal fathers-in-law, and to withdraw 
 
 pactas gremiis? orare pacem 
 
 Affianced wives from the bosoms of their husbands'! to beg for peace 
 
 manu, prsefigere arma pupibus. 
 
 with suppliant hand, and to display arms on their ships. 
 
 Tu potes subducere ^Enean manibus Graifim que 
 
 You can withdraw /IJicas from tlia hands of the Greeks, and 
 
 obtendere nebulam et inanes ventos pro viro; et potes 
 
 interpose mist and empty winds instead of the man; and you can 
 
 convertere classem in totidem nymphas: est nefandum 
 
 change the fleet into as many nymphs: it is a dreadful thing 
 
 nos juvisse Rutulos aliquid contra. ^Eneas ignarus 
 
 for us to have aided the Rutulians in any way against him. ./Eneas ignorant 
 
 abest; et ignarus absit. EstPaphosque Irklium tibi, 
 
 is absent; and ignorant let him be absent. There is Paphos and Idalium to you, 
 
 sunt alta Cythera: quid tentas urbem gravidam bellis, 
 
 there is lofty Cythera; why do you attempt a city teeming with war, 
 
 et aspera corda? nos ne conamur vertere fluxas res 
 
 mid savage hearts? do we attempt to overturn the falling concerns 
 
 PhrygisB tibi fundo? Nos? an qui objicit 
 
 cf Troy for you from their foundations? We? or he who exposed 
 
 miseros Troas Achivis? Qus fuit causa que Europam 
 
 the wretched Trojans to the Greeks? Who has been the cause that both Europe 
 
 que Asiam consurgerer in arma, et solvere fcedera furto? 
 dud Asia arose in arms and violated treaties by fraud?
 
 281 92 
 
 Dardanius aduller expugnavit Spartam me duce? aut 
 
 Has a Trojan adulterer conquered Sparta, I being AC* conductor? or 
 
 ego dedi tela, ve fovi bella cupidine? 
 
 t>ave I furnished weapons, or have I cherished wars by lust? 
 
 Tune decuit metuisse tuis: nunc sera 
 
 Then it had become you to have feared for your friends: now too late 
 
 assurgis baud justis querelis, et jactas irrita jurgia. 
 
 you arise not in just complaints, and throw away vain disputes. 
 
 Juno orabat talibus; que cuncti ccelicolse fremebant 
 
 Juno entreated in these words: and all the Gods murmured 
 
 vario assensu; ceu cum prima flamlna deprensa sylvis 
 
 xvith various assent; as when the first blasts confined in the woods 
 
 fremunt, et volutant caeca murmura, prodentia nautis 
 
 blow, and roll on in distinct murmurings, betraying to sailors 
 
 ventos ventures. Turn omnipotens pater, cui est 
 
 that winds are about to come. Then the all-powerful father, to whom is 
 
 summa potentia rerum, infit. Eo dicente, alta domus 
 
 the chief supremacy of things, begins. He speaking, the lofty palace 
 
 Deum silescit; et tellus tremefacta solo; 
 
 of the Gods is still; and the earth is shaken from its foundation; 
 
 arduus aether silet: turn Zephyri posuere;' 
 
 the exalted sky is still: then the west winds laid aside their violence", 
 
 pontus premit placida aequora. Ergo accipite atque figite 
 
 the sea restrains its peaceful waters. Therefore receive and establish 
 
 hsec mea dicta animis: quandoquidem -baud est Kcitum 
 
 these my words in your minds, since it is not allowed 
 
 Ausonios conjungi Teucris feedere, nee vestra discordia 
 
 the Ausonians to be united to the Trojans in treaty, nor your discord 
 
 capit finem; quae fortuna est cuiquam hodie, quam spem 
 
 receive an end; whatever fortune is to each one to-day, what hope 
 
 quisque secat, fuat Tros ve Rutulus, habebo 
 
 each one may mark out, let him be Trojan or Rutulian, I will bold them 
 
 nullo discrimine; sea castra tenentur obsidione fatis 
 
 with no distinction; whether the camps are held in siege by the fates 
 
 Italorum, sive malo errore Trojse, que sinistris' 
 
 Of the Italians, or* by the unfortunate error of Troy, and inauspicioul 
 
 monitis. Non solvo Rutulos. Sua exorsa ferent 
 
 admonitions. Nor do I free the Rutulians. His own undertakings shall bring 
 
 Jaborem que fortunam cuique. Rex Jupiter idem omnibus. 
 
 suffering and fortune "to each. King Jupiter is the same to alt. 
 
 Fata invenient viam. Annuit per flumina Stygii 
 
 The fates will find out away. He nodded by the streams of his Stygian 
 
 fratris, per ripas torrentes pice que atri voragine, et 
 
 brother, by the banks overflowing with pitch and black whirlpools, and 
 
 tremefecit totum Olympum nutu. Hie finis fandi: 
 
 shook all heaven with his nod. Herew<wan endof spe'aking: 
 
 turn Jupiter surgit aureo solio, quem medium Coelicolas 
 
 then Jupiter rises from his golden throne, whom in the midst the 1 GoU
 
 2855 118 
 
 ducunt ad limma. Interea Rutuli omnibus portis 
 
 ! .ni to his palace. In the moan lime the Kutulians in alt the Rate* 
 
 instant sternere viros circum ccede, et cingere 
 
 rush on to destroy tiit- men all around with slaughter, and to surround 
 
 mrrnia flammis. Ast legio /Eneadum tenetur obsessa 
 
 the ramparts with flames. But the legion of the Trojans is held besieged 
 
 vallis; nee ulla spes fugae. Miseri stant altis 
 
 within the walls; nor is there any hopeof flight. Wretched they stand on the high 
 
 turribus nequicquam, et cinxere muros rard corona". 
 
 towers in vain, and surround the walls with a thin circle. 
 
 Asius Imbracides, que Hicetaonius Thymcetes, que 
 
 Asms the son of Imbracus, and Hicctaon's son Thymoctes, and 
 
 duo Assaraci, et senior Tybris cum Castore, prima 
 
 the two sons of Assaracus, and the old Tybris with Castor, for the first 
 
 acies; ambo germani Sarpedonis, et Clarus et Haemon, ab 
 
 band; both brothers ofSarpcdun, and Clarus a* id llxmon, from 
 
 altS. Lycift comitantur hos. Lyrnessius Acmon, minor 
 
 lofty Lyci.i accompany them. Lyrnessian Acmon, inferior 
 
 tiec Clytio genitore, nee fratre Mnestheo, connixus 
 
 neither to Clytius his father, nor his brother Mne.-theus, Mining 
 
 toto corpore, fert ingens saxum baud exiguam partem 
 
 with his whole body, bears a great rock not a small part 
 
 mentis. Hi certant defendere jaculis, illi saxis, 
 
 of a mountain. These strive to defend ike place with darts, those with rocks. 
 
 que moliri ignem, que aptare sagittas nervo. Ecce 
 
 and to hurl fire, and to fit arrows to the string. Behold 
 
 Dardanius puer ipse, justissima cura Veneris, detectus 
 
 the Trojan boy liunself, the most righteous care of Venus, uncovered 
 
 honestum caput, inter medios, micat qualis gemma, qua? 
 
 as to his honest head, in the midst, shines as a jewel, which 
 
 dividit fulvum aurum, decus aut collo aut capiti; 
 
 separates the yellow gold, an ornament either to the neck or to the head; 
 
 vel quale ebur lucet per artem inclusum buxo, aut 
 
 or as ivory shines by art inclosed in box-work, or 
 
 Oricia. terebintho; cui lactea cervix accipit fusos 
 
 Orician ebony; whose milk white neck receives his flowing 
 
 crines, et circulus subnectit molli auro. Ismare, 
 
 hair, and a circle binds it with ductile gold. O Ismarus, 
 
 magnanimae gentes viderunt te, quoque dirigere vulnera, 
 
 high-minded nations have seen tbee, also attempt wounds, 
 
 et armare calamos veneno, generose Ma3oni domo: 
 
 and arm reeds with poison, noble of a Lydian family; 
 
 ubi que viri exercent pinguia culta que Pactolus 
 
 where both men till the rich cultured fields and Pactolus 
 
 irrigat auro. Et Mnestheus adfuit, quern pnstina 
 
 overflows them with gold. And Mnestheus was present, whom the funnel 
 
 gloria Turni pulsi aggere murorum tollit sublimem; 
 
 glory ufTurnus driven from the mound of the walls raises high
 
 283 145 
 
 et Capys: hinc nomen. ducitur Campania^ urbi. Hit 
 
 and Capys: hence the names is derived to the Campanian city. They 
 
 corituleranf certamina duri belli inter sese; tineas 
 
 had engaged iu contests of cruel war among themselves;- JEn& 
 
 secabat freta media nocte. Namque ut ab Evatidto adit 
 
 cut the sons -it midnight. For as from Evander he go 
 
 regem, ingressus Etruscis castris, et memorat regi 
 
 to Hie king, entering the Tuscan camps, and makes known to locking 
 
 que nomen que genus; ve edocet quid petat,"" ve ijuid 
 
 both his name and race; or declares what he requires, or ' what 
 
 ipse ferat; quae arma Mezentius conciliet sibi, que 
 
 he brings; what arms Mczentius would procure for himself, and 
 
 violenta pectora Turni; admonet quae fiducia sit 
 
 the violent disposition of Turnus; he admonishes him what confidence can be 
 
 humanis rebus, que immiscet pieces; mora baud fit; 
 
 in human concerns, and intermingles prayers; delay does net take place; 
 
 Tarchon jungit opes que ferit faedus. Turn Lydia gens 
 
 Tarchon joins his strength and strikes up a league. Then the Lydian nation 
 
 libera fatis, conscendit classem, commissa externo duci 
 
 pet free from the fates, ascends the fleet, entrusted to a foreign leader 
 
 jussis Divum. ^Enea puppis tenet prima subjuncta 
 
 by command of the Gods. Eneas' snip holds the first rani having subjoined 
 
 rostro Phrygios leones. Ida imminet super 
 
 to its beak Trojan lions. Ida's mount hangs from above 
 
 gratissima profugis Teucris. Hie magnus ./Eneas sedet 
 
 most grateful to the fugitive Trojans. Here great JEneaa sits 
 
 que volutat varies eventus belli secum, que Pallas 
 
 and revolves the varied events of war with himself, and Pallas 
 
 affixus sinistro lateri jam quaerit sidera, iter 
 
 adhering to his left side now inquires concerning' the stars, rAeirpassage 
 
 opacae noctis; jam quae passus que terra que 
 
 through tlie dark night: now what he had endured both on land and 
 
 mari. 
 
 the sea. 
 
 Deae, nunc pandite Helicona que movete cantus; quae 
 
 YeGoddesses, now *lay open Helicon and direct my song; what 
 
 manus comitetur vEnean interea ab Tuscis ovis que 
 
 band accompanied ./Eneas, in the meantime from the Tuscan coasts and 
 
 armet rates que vehatur pelago. Massicus princeps secat 
 
 armed Airships and is borne on the sea. Massicus first cuts 
 
 sequora seratS. Tigri sub quo manus mille 
 
 the waters in the brazen-beaked Tigris, under whom a band of a thousand 
 
 juvenum, qui mcenia Clusi, que qui liquere urbera 
 
 vmtli, who have left the walls of Clnsus, and who have left the city 
 
 Cosas, queis tela sagittae que. leves coryti humeris 
 
 Cosa, whose weapons arc arrows and light quivers on their shoulders 
 
 et lethifer arcus. Torvus Abas una huic; 
 
 *nd the death-bearing bow. Stern Abas go's togeth'jr with him
 
 284 17 
 
 affmen insignibus armis, et pnppis fulgebal 
 
 che whole troop withdi.stinguishfd arms, and the stern glittered 
 
 aurata Apolline. Populonia, mater, dederat illi 
 
 with n gilded Apollo. Populoni.t, his mother city, had Ix-stowed on him 
 
 sexcentos juvenes expertos belli; ast insula llva 
 
 git hundred youth* experienced in war; but the island llva 
 
 generosa inexhaustis metallis chalybum trecentos. 
 
 abounding in unexhausted mines of iron srnt three hundred. 
 
 Tertius Asylas, ille interpres hominum que Divfim, 
 
 Tin 1 third was Asylas, the interpreter of men and Gods, 
 
 cui fibre pecudum, cui sidera cceli, et lingua; 
 
 to whom the entrails of cattle, to whom the stars of heaven, and the languages 
 
 volucrum et ignes praesagi fulminis parent; rapit 
 
 of birds and lightnings of prophetic thunder are obedient; he bears away 
 
 mille densos acie atque horrentibus hastis. Pisse, 
 
 a thousand condensed in a band and with frightful spears. Pisa, 
 
 Etrusca urbs solo ab origine Alpheas, jubent hos 
 
 a Tuscan city in its foundation from the origin ofAlpbea, command these 
 
 parere. Pulcherrimus Astur sequitur. Astur fidens 
 
 to obey. Most beautiful Astur follows Asiur trusting 
 
 equo ct versicoloribus armis. Qui domo Cserete, 
 
 to his horse and variegated arms. Who are of the house of Care, 
 
 qui sunt in arvis Minionis, et veteres Pyrgi, que 
 
 who are in the fields of Mihio, and the veteran Pyrgi, and 
 
 intempestae Gravisca? adjiciunt tercentum (omnibus una 
 
 the insalubrious .Graviscee add three hundred (to all was one 
 
 mens sequendi.) Ego non transiverim te, Cycne, 
 
 purpose .of following.) I will not pass by thee, O Cycnua. 
 
 ductor Ligurum, fortissime bello; et Cupavo comitate 
 
 leader of the JLogunans, most heroic in war; and Cupavus accompanied 
 
 paucis, de cujus yertlce olorinae. pennae surgunt Amor 
 
 by few, from whose bead swans' plumes arise. Love 
 
 vestrum cnmen que insigne paternse forms que 
 
 leaf your crime. and the distinguisedeauw of your father's form also. 
 
 Nam ferunt Cycnum Juctu Phaetontis amati dum canitintei 
 
 For they say that Cycnus for grief of Pliaion belovcd.while he sings among 
 
 populeas frondes que umbram sororum et solatur moestum 
 
 the poplar leaves and the shade of his sisters and consoles his sad 
 
 amorem Musd, canentem molli plumd duxisse senectam 
 
 love by the muse, becoming white in his soft plumage passed Ai^oldage 
 
 liquentem terras et sequentem sidera voce. Filius 
 
 abandoning the earth aad pursuing the stars with his voice. His son 
 
 comitatus aequales catervas classe promovet ingentem 
 
 accompanying Ms equal troops in kis fleet propels the huge 
 
 Centaurum remis; ille instat aquae que arduusminatur 
 
 Centaur with oars; be stands on the water and bold threatens to hurl 
 
 immane sax urn undis et sulcat alta maria 
 
 a huge rock against the waves and ploughs the deep seas
 
 285 197 
 
 longa carina.' Etiam Ocnus ille ciet agmen ab 
 
 n-itn hi.-i long keel. Also Ocnus himself leads on a band from 
 
 patiiis oris, filius fatidicse Mantus et Tusci amnis qui 
 
 iis native coasts, the son of the prophetic Manto and the Tuscan river, who 
 
 dedit muros que nomen matris tibi Mantua; Mantua 
 
 gave walls and the name of his mother to thee, O Mantua; Mantua 
 
 dives avis: sed nan unum genus omnibus. Illi triplex 
 
 rich in ancestors: but there is not one race to all. To her is a triple 
 
 gens quaternipopuli sub gente ipsa caput populis. 
 
 race four people under one nation herself the capital city to the people 
 
 Vires de Tusco sanguine. Mezentius hinc quoque 
 
 Their strength is from Tuscan blood. Mezentius hence also 
 
 armat quingentos in se, quos Mincius patre 
 
 arms five hundred against himself, whom Mincius from his fathet 
 
 Benaco velatus glauca -arundine ducebat in aequora 
 
 Benacus crowned with, sea-green, reed led to the sea 
 
 infesta pinu. 
 
 in a hostile ship. 
 
 Gravis Auletes it, que assurgens verberat fluctum 
 
 Stern Auletes goes, and rising beat the wave 
 
 centena arbore: vada spumant marmore verso. 
 
 wiili an hundred oars: the billows foam, the sea being upturned. 
 
 Immanis Triton et exterrens caerula freta conch & 
 
 The vast Triton also frightening the azure seas with His shell 
 
 vehit hunc, cui nanti hispida frons prsefert hominem 
 
 bears him, to whom swimming a hairy front exhibits a man 
 
 tenus laterum, alvus desinit in pristin; spumea unda 
 
 as far as the sides, his belly ends in a fish; the foaming wave 
 
 murmurat sub semifero pectore. Tot lecti proceres 
 
 rnurVnurs under his half monstrous breast. So many chosen chiefs 
 
 ibant ter denis navibus subsidio Trojae et secabant 
 
 went in thrice ten ships to the aid of Troy and cut 
 
 campos sails asre. Jamque dies concesserat 
 
 the plains of brine with their brazen prow. And now the day hud departed 
 
 coclo que alma Phoebe pulsabat medium Olympum 
 
 from the sky and the fair moon shook the midst of the sky 
 
 noctivago curru. ./Eneas ipse sedens, que regit 
 
 with tier night-wandering chariot. <neas himself sitting, both guides 
 
 clavum que ministrat velis (enim neque cura dat quietem 
 
 Die helm and attends the sails (for neither does care allow rest 
 
 membris.) Atque ecce chorus suarum comitum occurrit 
 
 to his limbs.) And lo a band of his associates met 
 
 illi in medio spatio, Nymphae, quas alma Cybele jusserat 
 
 him in middle space, Nymphs, whom fair Cybele had commanded 
 
 habere numen marls, que esse Nymphas e 
 
 to have divinity ofthesea, and to be Nymphs from 
 
 navibus: innabant pariter, que secabant fluctus; quot 
 
 JMS: they swam together, and divided the billows; as many
 
 iU 223 
 
 prorre stctorant prius ad litora. Agnoscum regem 
 
 Jir.i/.rn prows hail Niood before by tlio shore. They know their king 
 
 longe que lustrant choreis: quarum Cymodocea, quae 
 
 froin" Mar and surrounded him with dances: of whom Cymodocea, who \vai 
 
 doctissima fandi, sequens pone, tenet puppim 
 
 the most skilled in speaking, following behind, holds the stern 
 
 dextra; que ipsa eminet dorso, ac subremigat 
 
 with Affright hand; and she rises above with hrr back, and rows bcucat!* 
 
 laevd tacitis undis. Turn alloquitur ignarum 
 
 with ACT left hand in the silent waves. Then she addresses him unconscious 
 
 sic: ^Enea, gens Defln>, ne vigilas? vigila, et immitte 
 
 thus: <> .T.Mrus, dcsccndent of the Gods, are you awake? awake, and loosen 
 
 rudentes velis. Nos sumus Idese pinus de sacro 
 
 the cordage from the sails. We are Ida's nines from Its sacred 
 
 vertice tua classis; nunc Nymphae pelagi. Ut perfidus 
 
 lop thy fleet; now Nymphs of the ocean. As the treacherous 
 
 Rutulus premebat nos precipites ferro que flamma, 
 
 Rutulian oppressed us swift sailing with sword and fire, 
 
 invitae rupimus tua vincula, que quaerimus te per acquor. 
 
 unwilling we broke your cables, and sought thee through the sea. 
 
 Genetvix miserata refecit hanc faciem, et dedit esse 
 
 The mother of the Gods pitying restored this form, and allowed us to be 
 
 Deas, que agitare aevum sub undis. At puer Ascanius 
 
 Godiiesscs, and to pass our life beneath the waves. But the boy Ascanius 
 
 tenetur muro que fossis inter media tela atque Latinos 
 
 is detained by the wall and ditches in the midst of darts and the Latins 
 
 horrentes Made. Jam Areas eques, permistus forti 
 
 raging in war. Now the Arcadian cavalry intermingled with the bold 
 
 Etrusco, tenet jussa loca: est certa sententia Turno 
 
 Etruscan, holds the appointed places- it is a resolved determination to Turnua 
 
 opponere illis medias turmas, ne jungant castris. 
 
 to oppose to them his compact bands, lest they should join the camps. 
 
 Age, surge, et Aurora veniente, primus jube socios 
 
 Come, arise, and the morn approaching, first command your companions 
 
 vocari in arma; et cape clypeum, quern Ignipotens 
 
 to be called to arms; and take the shield, which the fire-powerful God 
 
 ipse dedit invictum, atque ambivit oras auro. Crastina 
 
 himself gave invincible, and encircled itsborders with gold. .To-morrow's 
 
 lux spectabit ingentes acervos Rutulse csedis (si non 
 
 light shall behold great heaps of Rutulian slaughter (if you do not 
 
 putaris mea dicta irrita.) Dixerat, et discedens, impulit 
 
 think my words vain.) She said, and moving on, she propelled 
 
 altam puppim dextra, baud ignara modi: Ilia 
 
 the lofty ' stern with her right hand, not ignorant of the manner: It 
 
 fugit per undas ocyor et jaculo, et sagitta sequante 
 
 files through the waves swifter even than a dart, and arrow equalling 
 
 veutos. Inde aliae celerant cursus. Tros Anchisiades 
 
 the winds. 7'iun the others hasten their course. The Trojan eon of Anchises
 
 287 250 
 
 ipse inscius stupet; tamen tollit animos omine. 
 
 himself unconscious stands amazed; yet be arouses their courage by the omen< 
 
 Turn aspectans supera convexa precatur breviter: 
 
 Then beholding the high vaulted sky he prays thus briefly; 
 
 Jdaea, alma parens Deum, cui Dindyma que turri 
 
 O [dean Goddess bountiful parent of the Gods, to whom Dindyma, and turret 
 
 geraeurbes, que liones bijugi ad frsena, cordi tu 
 
 bearing cities, and lions yoked in pairs to your reins, are for a delight be them 
 
 nunc princeps pugnae mihi: tu, Diva, propinques auguriurn 
 
 now the guide of the battle to me: do thou, O Goddess, propitiate the augury 
 
 rite, que adsis Phrygibus secundo pede. Effatus 
 
 in form, and approach the Trojans \vithauspicious foot. He said 
 
 tantum; et interea dies revoluta jam ruebat maturd 
 
 BO much; and in the mean time day revolving now arose with timely 
 
 luce, que fugarat noctem. Principio edicit sociis 
 
 light, and banished night. In the first place be instructs bis associates 
 
 sequantur signa, atque aptent animos armis, que parent 
 
 that they follow the signals, and prepare their minds for arms, and dispose 
 
 se pugnae. Que jam habet Teucros et sua castra 
 
 themselves for the fight. And now be has the Trojans and his camps 
 
 in conspectu stans in celsa. puppi. Turn, deihde extulit 
 
 in sight standing on the lofty stern. Then afterwards be raise* 
 
 ardentem clypeurn sinistra. Dardanidae toilunt 
 
 his glowing shield on Ats left hand. The Trojans raise 
 
 clamorem e muris ad sidera. Spes addita suscitat iras. 
 
 a shout from the walls to the stars. Hope superadded arouses their rage. 
 
 Jaciunt tela manu: quales Strymonise grues dant signa, 
 
 They hurl darts with their hand: as Strymonian cranes give signals 
 
 sub atris nubibus, atque tranant aethera, cum sonitn, que 
 
 under the black clouds, and skim along the skies, wilb a sound, and 
 
 fugiunt notos secundo clamore. At ea videri 
 
 fly the south winds with prosperous cry. But these things seem 
 
 mira Rutulo regi que Ausoniis ducibus: donee 
 
 wonderful to the Rutulian king and the Ausonian leaders; until 
 
 respiciunt puppes versas ad litora, que totum asquor 
 
 they look back upon the ships turned to the shores, and the whole -stream 
 
 allabi classibus. Apex ardet capiti que flamma 
 
 to be glided over by ships. The top of his helmet blazes on his head and a flamo 
 
 funditur cristis a vertice, et aureus umbo vomit, vastos 
 
 is poured on his crest from his head, and a golden boss sends forth copious 
 
 ignes: not secus ac si quando sanguinei cornet rubent 
 
 fires: not otherwise than if at any time bloody comets shine 
 
 lugubre 1 liquidi nocte; aut Sirius ardor, ille ferens 
 
 mournfully in the clear night; or the dog-star's heat, itself bearing 
 
 eitim que morbos segris mortalibus, nascitur, et contristal 
 
 thirst and diseases to sick mortals, arises, and sadden* 
 
 ccelum laevo lumine. 
 
 heaven with unpropitious light.
 
 5288 276 
 
 Tamen fiducia baud cessit audaci Turno praDripere 
 
 Yet confidence did not fail the bold Turnus to preoccupy 
 
 litora, et pellere venientes terrd. Ultro tollit 
 
 the .shores, and drive them off approaching from the land. Forthwith he arouses 
 
 animos dictis, atque ultro increpat: adest 
 
 tkeir courage by his words, and forthwith he rebukes' them: the time ia come 
 
 perfringere dextrd, quod opt&stis votis; 
 
 to demolish with your right hand, which you have desired in your prayer*; 
 
 viri, Mars ipse in manibus. Nunc, quisque esto 
 
 men, Mars himself is in your hands. Now, let each one be 
 
 memor suae conjugis que tecti; nunc referto magna 
 
 mindful of Ms own wife and home; now call to mind the great 
 
 facta que laudes patrum. Ultro occurramus ad 
 
 deeds and praises of your fathers. Forthwith let us meet them at 
 
 undam, dum trepidi que prima vestigia labant egressis. 
 
 the water, while trembling and their first footsteps totter to them coming 
 
 Fortuna juvat audentes. Ait hsc, et versat 
 
 frsm the water. Fortune favours the daring. Be s.iid these things, and revolves 
 
 cum se quos ducere contra, vel quibus posset 
 
 with himself whom to lead against them, or to whom be may 
 
 concredere obsessos mures. Interea ./Eneas exponit 
 
 entrust the besieged walls. In tbe mean time >Eneas lands 
 
 socios de altis puppibus pontibus. Multi servare 
 
 his companions from the lofty ships on bridges. Many watch 
 
 recursus languentis pelagi, et credere se brevibus 
 
 the ebb of the faintly moving sea, and trust themselves to the shallows 
 
 saltu: alii per remos. Tarchon speculatus litora, 
 
 by a leap: others by bars. Tarchon watching the shores 
 
 qud sperat non vada, nee fracta unda 
 
 where he hopes there are no shallows, nor where the dashing wav, 
 
 remurmurat, sed mare inoffensum allabitur crescent! 
 
 remurmurs, but the sea inoffensively glides on with tbe increasing 
 
 aestu, adverfit proras subito, que precatur socios; 
 
 tide, turns his prows suddenly, and prays his companions 
 
 nunc, 6 lecta manus, incumbite validis remis; tollite, 
 
 now, O my chosen band, press on your strong oars; arouse 
 
 ferte rates; findite hanc inimicam terram 
 
 yovrtefoes, urge on the ships; cleave this hostile land 
 
 rostris, que carina ipsa premat sulcum sibi: nee 
 
 with your beaks, and let the keel itself press out a furrow for itself: nor 
 
 recuso frangere puppim tali statione, tellure semel 
 
 do I refuse to break the ship in such a harbour, the land onne 
 
 arreptA. Quae talia postquam Tarchon efFatus, 
 
 cing seized. Which like words after Tarchon had uttered, 
 
 socii consurgere tonsis, que inferre spumantes rates 
 
 AM associates arose on their oars, and bore the foaming ship* 
 
 Latinis arvis, donee rostra tenent siccum, et omnes 
 
 to the Latin chore, until tbe beaks attain the dry land, and aJf
 
 269 302 
 
 sedere innocuae: sed non tua puppis Tarchon; 
 
 .he keels settle down unharmed: but nut thy ship O Tarchnn; 
 
 naraque inflicta vadis dum pendet iniquo dorso 
 
 for having struck the shoals while it hangs on the unequal bank 
 
 sustentata diu anceps que fatigat fluctus, solvitur 
 
 upheld for along time in suspense and wearies the waves, it is separated 
 
 atque exponit viros in mediis undis; quos fragmina 
 
 and throws out the men in the midst of the waters; whom broken parta 
 
 remorum et fluitantia transtra impediunt, que simul 
 
 of oars and floating benches entangle, and at the same time 
 
 relabens unda retrahit pedes. Nee segnis mora 
 
 the retreating wave draws back their feet. Nor does slothful delay 
 
 retinet Turnum; sed acer rapit to tarn aciem in 
 
 keep back Turnus; but bold he urges on his whole force against 
 
 Teucros, et sistit in litore . contra. Canunt 
 
 the Trojans, and places them on the shore on the other side. They- call out 
 
 signa. ^Eneas primus invasit agrestes turmas, omen 
 
 their signals. jEneas first attacked the rustic bands, an omen 
 
 pugnae; que stravit Latinos, Therone occiso, qui 
 
 of battle; and prostrated the Latins, Theron being slain, who 
 
 maximus virorum, ultro petit ^Enean: haurit huic 
 
 the largest of men, forthwith seeks ./Eneas: he drains his 
 
 apertum latus gladio, que per aerea 
 
 open side with Ais sword, and through the brazen folds of his shield 
 
 suta, per tunicam squalentem auro. Inde fexit 
 
 stitched, through his coat of mail scaled with gold. Then he strikes down 
 
 Lycon, exsectum matre jam peremtd, et sacrum tibi, 
 
 Lycon, cut out from his mother now being dead, and sacred to yon. 
 
 Phoebe, quod licuit parvo evadere casus 
 
 O Apollo, because it was allowed to Aim young to escape the chances 
 
 ferri. Nee longe" dejecit durum Cissea letho, que 
 
 of the knife. Nor far off he overwhelms the strong Cisseus in death, and 
 
 immanem Cyan sternentes agmina clavd, Arma 
 
 the huge Gyas hurling down troops with a club. The arma 
 
 Herculis illos nihil, validae manus jjuvere nil; que 
 
 of Hercules availed them nothing, their strong hands aided them not; and 
 
 genitor Melampus, comes Alcidae, usque dum 
 
 Vieir father Melzmpus availed them not, the companion of Hercules, even while 
 
 terra praebuit graves labores. Ecce intorquens jaculum 
 
 the earth supplied to him severe labours. Lo hurling a dart 
 
 Pharo, dum jactat inertes voces, sistit in ore 
 
 at Pharus, while he boasts idle words, he plunges it in the mouth 
 
 clamantis. Dum tu quoque, infelix Cydon, sequeris 
 
 Of him bawling. While thou also, unhappy Cydon, art following 
 
 Clytium, nova gaudia, flaventem malas prim& lanugine, 
 
 Clytius, anew love, yellow as to bis cheeks with their first down, 
 
 miserande jaceres stratus Dardani& dextrS., securus 
 
 lc oe ^itid would have lain prostrate by the Trojan's right tend, thoughtless
 
 290 327 
 
 amorum juvenum qui semper erant tibi, ni stipata 
 
 of the loves of boys which ever were to you, unless an attending 
 
 cohors fratrum, progenies Phorci, foret obvia; septem 
 
 band of brothers, the offspring of Phorcus, had been in the way; seven 
 
 numero, que conjiciunt septena tela: partim irrita 
 
 in number, and they hurl seven darts; partly rendered vain 
 
 resultant. galea" que clypeo; partim alma Venua 
 
 they rebound from Au helmet and shield, partly fair Venu 
 
 deflexit stringentia corpus. ./Eneas afFatur fidum 
 
 turned Mem aside grazing his body. A^ntas addresses the faithful 
 
 Achatem sic: Suggere tela mihi, quae steterunt in corpore 
 
 Achates thus: Supply weapons to me. which have stood in the body 
 
 Graiorum Iliacis campis (dextra non torserit ilium 
 
 of the Greeks on the Trojan plains (my right hand shall not hurl it 
 
 frustra Rutulos.) 
 
 in vain against the Rutulians.) 
 
 Turn corripit magnam hastam et jacit: ilia volans 
 
 Then he seizes a great spear aud hurls tfc it flying 
 
 transverberat aera clypei Maeonis, et rumpit 
 
 pierces through the brass foils of the shield of Mxon, and breaks 
 
 thoraca simul cum pectore. Frater Alcanor 
 
 his breastplate at the same time with his breast. His brother Alcanor 
 
 subit huic; que sustentat fratrem ruentem dextra"; 
 
 comes up to him; and supports his brother falling with his right hand; 
 
 protinus hasta missa, lacerto trajecto, fugit, que cruenta 
 
 far off thespear beingsent, Ais arm being pierced, it flies, and bloody 
 
 servat tenorem; que dextera moribunda pependit 
 
 preserves its course; and Aw right hand dying hung 
 
 nervis ex humero. Turn Numitor, jaculo rapto 
 
 by the nerves from his shoulder. Then Numitor, the javelin being snatched 
 
 de corpore fratris, petivit JEnean: sed non est licitum 
 
 from the body of his brother, aims at ^Bneas: but it was not allowed la him 
 
 figere contra, que perstrinxit femur magni Achatae. ' 
 
 to pierce Mm on the other hand, and it grazed the thigh of great Achates. 
 
 Hie Clausus Curibus, fidens primaevo corpore, advenit, 
 
 Here Clausus from Cures, relying on his youthful frame, comes up, 
 
 et eminus ferit Dryopen rigid hasta", pressd 
 
 and from afar strikes Dryopes with Ais hard spear, pressed 
 
 graviter sub mentum; que pariter rapit vocem que 
 
 heavily under Ais chin, and at once snatches away his voice and 
 
 animam loquentis, gutture trajecto: at ille ferit terram 
 
 oul of him speaking, his throat being pierced: but he strikes the earth 
 
 fronte et vomit crassum cruorem ore. Et per 
 
 with A's forehead and vomits thick blood from his mouth. Also by 
 
 varies casus sternit tres Threicios quoque, de suprcma 
 
 various chances he overthrows three Thracians likewise, from the high 
 
 gente Boreae, et tres, quos pater Idas, et patria Ismara 
 
 iaca of Boreas, aud three, whom his father Idas, and It's nwiUry Ismara
 
 291 352 
 
 mittit. Halaesus occurrit, que Auruncas manus; et 
 
 tent, Halzsus meets Mm, and the Aruncian band; and 
 
 Neptunia proles, Messapus, insignis equis, subit: nunc 
 
 Neptune s offspring, Messapus. distinguished for horses, succeeds: now 
 
 hi, nunc illi, tendunt expellere. Certatur 
 
 these, now those, attempt to drive away each other. There is a contest 
 
 in ipso liminc Ausoniae. Ceu venti discordes tollunt 
 
 in the very boundary of Ausonia. As the winds discordant raise 
 
 praelia magno aetb.ere, aequis animis et viribus; 
 
 warfare in the extended sky, with equal rage and strength; 
 
 non ipsi inter se, non nubilae, non mare cedit; 
 
 nor they among themselves, nor clouds, nor sea yields; 
 
 pugna anceps diu, omnia stant obnixa contra: 
 
 the content is doubtful long, all stand conflicting against each other: 
 
 baud aliter Trojanae acies que Latinae acies concurrunt 
 
 not otherwise the Trojan armies and Latin troops rush together: 
 
 pes hzeret pede, que densus vir viro. At ex alia" parte", 
 
 foot cleaves to foot, and crowded man to man. But from another part, 
 
 qua torrens impulerat saxa rotantia late que arbusta 
 
 where the torrent had hurled the rocks rolling far and trees 
 
 diruta ripis, ut Pallas vidit Arcadas, insuetos 
 
 torn from the banks, as Pallas beheld the Arcadians, accustomed 
 
 inferre pedestres acies, dare terga sequaci Latio, 
 
 to engage in pedestrian battle, to turn their backs to pursuing Latium, 
 
 queis quando aspera natura loci suasit dimittere 
 
 whom since the rough condition of the place persuades to let loose their 
 
 equos nunc prece, nunc amaris dictis, (quod unum restat 
 
 horses now by entreaty, now by bitter words, (which alone remains 
 
 egenis rebus,) accendit virtutem: socii quo 
 
 in his desperate affairs,) he inflam'd their courage: my associates whither 
 
 fugitis? per vos et fortia facta, per nomen ducis 
 
 do you fly? by yourselves and your brave deeds, by the name of your leader 
 
 Evandri, que devicta bella que meam spem, qu 
 
 Evander, and by your victorious wars and my own hope, which 
 
 nunc subit aemula patriae laudis ne fidite pedibus. 
 
 now rises anxious for my country's praise, do not trust to you- feet. 
 
 Via est rumpenda ferro per hostes, qu ille 
 
 A passage is to be broken by the sword through the foes, where that 
 
 densissimus globus virfim urget hdc alta patria 
 
 most crowded mass of men press on us: here your exalted country 
 
 reposcit vos et Pallanta ducem. Nulla numina premunt: 
 
 demands you and Pallas your leader. No Gods pursue us: 
 
 mortales urgemur ab mortali hoste: nobis totidem 
 
 mortals we are followed by a mortal foe: to us thrrc arc as many 
 
 que anirn que manus. Ecce pontus claudit nos magno 
 
 ' ith lives and hands. See the water incloses us with its great 
 
 obice maris: jam terra deest fugse: ne petemus pelagus, 
 
 harrier of the sea: now land is wanting for fight: whether shall we seek I be sea.
 
 37ft 
 
 Trojara. Ait haec, et prorumpit medius in densos 
 
 or Ti . y . He said these *>nfi, and broke in the audit upon the crowded 
 
 hostes. Primum Lagus, adductus iniquis fatis fit obvius 
 
 foes. First Lagus, led on by unequal fates, becomes opposed 
 
 huic: figil hunc intorto telo, dum vellit saxum magno 
 
 loinin: he stabs him with a wreathed dart, while be tears up a rock of great 
 
 pondere, qua spina dedit discrimina costis per 
 
 weight, where kit spine causes a separation in Ai* ribs through 
 
 medium dorsi: que receptat hastam haerentem ossibus: 
 
 the middle of kit back: and draws out the spear sticking in kit bones. 
 
 quern super Hisbon non occupat, ille quidam sperans 
 
 whom from above Hisbon does not prevent, be indeed desiring 
 
 hoc; nara Pallas excipit ante, ruentem, incautum, dum 
 
 this;, for Pallas seizes Atnt first, rushing on, unsuspecting, wbilo 
 
 furit cnideli morte sodalis, atque recondit ensem 
 
 be rages with the cruel death of Aw companion, and hides hit sword 
 
 in tumido pulmone. Hinc petit Sthenelum et 
 
 in kit swelling lungs. Hence A seeks Sthenelus and 
 
 Anchemolum, de vetustd gente Rhaeti, ausum incestare 
 
 Anchemolus, from the ancient race of Rhctus, daring to pollute 
 
 thalamos novercae. Vos etiam gemini fratres, 
 
 Iba marriage chamber of kit stepmother. Ye also y twin brothers, 
 
 Laride que Thymber Daucia proles, cecidistis in Rutulis 
 
 Laridiu and Tbymber Daucus' offspring, fell in the fiutulian 
 
 arvis, simillima, indiscreta, que gratus 
 
 fields, most resembling, undistinguished, and a grateful 
 
 error suis parentibus. At nunc Pallas dedit dura 
 
 delusion to their own parents. But now Pallas has given dreadful 
 
 discrimina vobis: nam Evandrius ensis abstulit tibi caput, 
 
 discrimination to you: for Kvnnder's sword bore off your bead, 
 
 Thymbre; dextera decisa" quaeret te suum, Laride; 
 
 O Tliy uiber; your right hand cut off seeks tbee its own, O Laridus; 
 
 que digit! semianimes micant, que retractant ferrum. 
 
 and your fingers dying quiver, and draw back the sword. 
 
 Mistus dolor et pudor, armat Arcadas accensos monitu, 
 
 Mingled grief and shame, arms the Arcadians inflamed by the admonition, 
 
 et tuentes praeclara facta viri, in hostes. Turn 
 
 a,nd beholding the renowned deeds of the hero against their enemies. Then 
 
 Pallas trajicit Rhcetea fugientem praeter bijugis. Hoc 
 
 Pallas pierces Rbceteus flying beyond Ai in his chariot. This 
 
 spatium, que tantum morae fuit Ho: namque procul 
 
 apace, and so much of delay was granted to Ilus: for afarolf 
 
 direxerat validam hastam Ilo; quam Rhceteus medius 
 
 be had directed h\s powerful spear to Ilii^; which Rhoateus in the midst 
 
 intercipit, fugiens te, optime Teuthra, que fratrem 
 
 intercepts, escaping thee, most excellent Teuthra, and (Ay brothel 
 
 Tyren; que volutus curru semianimis csedit arva 
 
 Tyren, and rolling from Ms chariot dying be beats the net Js
 
 293 404 
 
 Rutulorum calcibus. Ac velut ventis coortis optato 
 
 ef the Rutulians with AisheeU. And as the winds having arisen toAiswish 
 
 sestate, pastor immittit incendia dispersa sylvas; 
 
 in sumtiiet, the shepherd casts fires scattered through the woods; 
 
 mediis correptis subito, horrida Vulcania acies 
 
 the intermediate trees being seized suddenly, the horrid Vulcanian forco 
 
 extenditur una per latos campos; ille victor, sedens, 
 
 ts spread at once through the broad plains; he -victorious, sitting, 
 
 despectat ovantes flammas: non aliter omnis virtus 
 
 zooks down on the exulting flames: not otherwise all the courage 
 
 socium coit in unum, que juvat te, Palla. 
 
 of his companions unites in one, and delights thee, O Pallas. 
 
 Sed Halaesus, acer bellis, tendit in adversos, que colligit 
 
 But Halaesus, brave in war, inarches against Ais foes, and collects 
 
 se in sua arma. Hie mactat Ladona, que Phereta, 
 
 himself upon his own arms. He slays Ladon, and Fheres, 
 
 que Demodocum; diripit dextram Strymonio, elatam 
 
 and Demodocus; be tears the right hand from Strymonius, raised 
 
 in jugulum, fulgenti ense; ferit ora Thoantis 
 
 against bis throat, with Ais glittering sword; he strikes the face of Thoas 
 
 saxo, que dispergit ossa permixta cruento cerebro. 
 
 with a rock, and scatters his bones intermingled with bloody brain*. 
 
 Genitor, canens fata, celaverat Halaesum sylvis. Ut 
 
 His father, foreseeing his fate, had concealed Halaesus in the woods. As 
 
 senior solvit canentia lumina letho, Parcae injecere 
 
 the old man relaxed his whitening eyes in death, the fates cast 
 
 manum que sacraverunt telis Evandri; quern Pallas 
 
 their hands oit Aim and consecrated Aim to the darts. of Evander; whom Pallas 
 
 petit, sic precatus ante: Pater Tybri, nunc <da fortunara 
 
 seeks, thus invoking first: OFather Tyber, now give farxune 
 
 atque viam ferro, quod libro missile, per- pectus 
 
 and away to my sword, which I poise about to hurl, through the breast 
 
 duri Halaesi: tua quercus habebit haec arma, que exuvias 
 
 of cruel Haliesiis: thy oak shall have these arras, and the clothe* 
 
 viri. Deus audivit ilia; dum Halaesus texit Imaona, 
 
 of the hero. The God heard these words; while Halaesus protected. Imaon, 
 
 infelix dat inermum pectus Arcadio telo. At Lausus, 
 
 unhappy he offers his unprotected breast to the Arcadian dart. But Lausus* 
 
 ingens pars belli, non sinit agmina perterrita tantd 
 
 a great portion of the war, does not permit his troops to be frightened by thisgreat 
 
 caede viri Primus interimit Abantem oppositum, que 
 
 destruction of the hero. First be kills Abas opposing, both 
 
 nodum que moram pugnae. Proles Arcadiae sternitur. 
 
 the strength and stay of battle. The offspring of Arcadia is prostrate. 
 
 Etrusci sterauntur, et vos Teucri, O corpora imyerdita 
 
 The Etruscans are overthrown, and you ye Trojans. O ye frames not destroyed
 
 294 431 
 
 Gratis. Agmina concurrunt, aequis que ducibus et 
 
 by the Ureeky- The troops rush together, equal both in leaders and 
 
 viribus. Extremi addensent acies; nee turba 
 
 Strength. Tin; last press on the advanced ranks; nor does the crowd 
 
 sinit tela que manus moveri. Hinc Pallas instat et 
 
 permit weapons and bands to be moved. Hence Pallas urges and 
 
 urget; hinc contra Lausus: nee astas discrepat 
 
 drives on the troops; hence opposed is Lausus: nor does ihrir age dift'er 
 
 multum; egregii forma"; sed queis fortuna negdrat reditus 
 
 much; renowned for beauty; but to whom fortune had denied a return 
 
 in patriam. Tamen regnator magni Olympi, hauu 
 
 to their country. Nevertheless the ruler of great Olympus, did net 
 
 passus ipsos concurrere inter se; mox sua fata 
 
 suffer them to engage together among themselves; soon their own fates 
 
 manent illos sub majore hoste. Interea alma soror 
 
 await them under a greater enemy. In the meantime his kind sister 
 
 monet Turnum, qui secat medium agmen volucri 
 
 admonishes Turnus, who divides the intermediate troops with At'j swift 
 
 curru, succurrere Lauso. Ut vidit socios: Tempus 
 
 chariot, to relieve Lausus. As he saw nig companions, he said. It is lime 
 
 desistere pugnae: ego solus feror in Pallanta; Pallas 
 
 to withdraw from battle: I alone am borne against Pallas; Pallas 
 
 debetur mihi soli: cuperem parens ipse adesset 
 
 IB due to me alone: I could have wished his father himself would be present 
 
 spectator. Ait base; et socii cesserunt aequore 
 
 a spectator. He said these things; and Ai's companions withdrew from the plain 
 
 jusso. At abscessu Rutulorum, juvenis, turn 
 
 commanded. But by the departure of the Kutulians, the youth, then 
 
 miratus superba jussa, stupet in Turno; que volvit 
 
 admiring the proud commands, stood amazed on Turnus: and rolls 
 
 lumina per ingens corpus, que procul obit omnia 
 
 kis eyes over Ais vast body, aad from afar surveys all things 
 
 Iruci visu, et it contra dicta tyranni" talibus 
 
 with grim countenance, and goes against the words of the tyrant with the^e 
 
 dictis: Jam ego laudabor aut opimis spoliis raptis, aut 
 
 words: Now I will be praised either for rich spoils being taken, or 
 
 insigni letho. Pater est asquus utrique sorti. 
 
 fur distinguished death. My father is equal to each lot. 
 
 Tolle minas. Fatus, procedit in medium aequor. 
 
 Banish threats. Having spoken, be pioceeds into the middle plain. 
 
 Frigidus sanguis coit Arcadibus in praccordia. 
 
 The cold blood congeals to the Arcadians in their hearts. 
 
 Turnus desiluit bijugis: pedes apparat ire 
 
 Turnus leaped from Ais chariot: on foot he appears to go to engage him 
 
 cominus. Que ut leo advolat, cum ab altd speculsi 
 
 band to band. Arid as a lion flies, when from a hib watch-tower 
 
 vidit taurum stare procul campis meditantem praelia; imago 
 
 be sees a bull to stand far off on the plains revolving battle, the image
 
 295 456 
 
 Turni venientis eet baud 'alia. Ubi Pallas cretlidit hunc 
 
 of Turnus ccmiug ii not different. When Pallas bettered him 
 
 tore contiguum haatse missae ire prior 
 
 to be near to the spear sent he began to advance first 
 
 imparibus viribus, si qua fors adjuvit ausum, itaque 
 
 with unequal strength, if any chance should aid his daring attempt, therefore 
 
 latur ad magnum sethera: Alcide, precor te, per hospitium 
 
 be speaks to the lofty sky : Hercules, I pray you, by the hospitality 
 
 patris, et mensas quas advena adiati, adsis 
 
 of my father, and the tables which a stranger you resorted to, assist 
 
 ingentibus coeptis ; cernat me rapere cruenta arma 
 
 my great endeavours ; let him see me strip his bloody arms 
 
 sibi semineci, que morientia lumina Turni ferant 
 
 from him dying, and let the dying eyes of Turnua endure 
 
 victorem. Alcides audivit juvenem, que premit magnum 
 
 a conqueror. Hercules heard the youth, and repress'd a great 
 
 gem i turn sub imo corde, que emidit inanes lacrymas 
 
 croan. in kit inmost heart, and pours forth useless tears 
 
 Turn genitor affatur natum araicis dictis: sua dies sta 
 
 Then the father addresses Ms con with friendly words: his own day remains 
 
 tuique: est omnibus, breve et irreparabile tempus vitae, 
 
 lo each: Oiereis to all, a short and remediless time of life, 
 
 sed extendere famam factis, hoc opus virtutis. To\ 
 
 but to prolong reputation by deeds, this is the work of virtue. Soman> 
 
 nati Deum cecidere sub altis maeuibus Trojae; quin 
 
 sons of the Gods have (alien under the lofty walls of Troy; en 
 
 Sarpedon, mea progenies, occidit una: etiam 
 
 Sarpedon, my own offspring. fell together wM t/ism: also ;j 
 
 sua fata vocant Turnum, que pervenit ad metas sevi 
 
 own fates eall Turnus, and he has arrived at the limits of lift 
 
 dati: sic ait, atque rejicit oculos arvis Rutulorum 
 
 allowed: thus he said, and turns away his eyes from the fields of the Rutulians 
 
 At Pallas emitu't hastam magnis viribus, que deripit 
 
 But Pallas sent H* spear with great violence, and enatebe<i 
 
 Vilgentem ensem cava vagina. Ilia volans incidit 
 
 *s shining sword from the hollow sheath. It flying struck 
 
 qua summa. tegmina surgunt humeris, atque molita 
 
 where the high armour rises on the shoulders, and wearing 
 
 viam per oras clypei tandem etiam strinxit de 
 
 its way through the borders of the shield, at length even gras'd from 
 
 tnagno corpore Turni. Hie Turnus, diu vibrans 
 
 the great body ofTurnns. Here Turnus, fora long thne brzndishing 
 
 robur prffifixum acuto ferro, jacit in Pallante, atque 
 
 a spear, pointed with sharp steel, hurls it against Pallas, and 
 
 ita fatun aspice, num nostrum telum sit mage penetrabile 
 
 thus speakK see, whether our dart be more penetrating 
 
 Dixerat: at cuspis transverberat medium clypeuui 
 
 HsaU. but tfje spear pierced through the midst of Ae shield
 
 296 485 
 
 vibrant! ictu, cum obeat tot terga ferri, tot 
 
 Kith quivering blow, when it passes through so many coverings of iron, BO many 
 
 sens, pellis tauri circumclata toties que perforat moras 
 
 of brass, the ^lide of a bull surrounding it so often and penetrates the obstruction! 
 
 loricaD, et ingens pectus. Ille frustrd rapit calidum 
 
 of hi coat of mail, and his great breast. He in vain tears the warm 
 
 telum de vulnere: que sanguis que animus scquuntur una 
 
 weapon from the wound: and his blood and soul follow by one 
 
 que eddem vi&. Corruit in vulnus; arma dedere sonitum 
 
 and the same way. He fell . on his wound; A is arms gave forth a sound 
 
 super, et moriens petit hostilem terrara cruentd ore, 
 
 from above, and dying he strikes the hostile ear!' with bloody mouth, 
 
 super quem Turnus assistens, inquit: Arcades, memores 
 
 over whom Turnus . standing, says:- Arcadians, mindful 
 
 referte haec mea dicta Evandro: remitto Pallanta, qualem 
 
 bear back these my word? to Evander: I send back Pallas, such at 
 
 meruit. Quisquis honos tumuli, quicquid solamen. 
 
 he has deserved. Whatsoever honour (Acre is of a tomb, whatever consolation. 
 
 est humandi largior. ^Enei'a hospitia stabant illi baud 
 
 is in being buried I grant l. ^Qneas's friendship shall cost him not 
 
 parvo. Et fatus talia, pressit exanimum lasvo 
 
 a little. And speaking these words; he pressed his lifeless body with Ms left 
 
 pede, rapiens immania pondera baltei, que nefas 
 
 foot, bearingoff the immense weight of his belt, and the dreadful deed 
 
 impressum, (manus juvenum caesa fcede sub un 
 
 engraved on it, (that a company of youth was slain basely in one 
 
 jugali nocte, tjue thalami cruenti) quse bonus 
 
 nuptial night, and the marriage chambers were bloody) which good 
 
 Eurytion caelaverat multo auro; -quo spolio nunc 
 
 Eurytion had carved in abundant gold; with which spoil now 
 
 Turnus ovat, que gaudet potitus. mens hominum 
 
 Turnus rejoices, and exults possessing it. O mind of men, 
 
 nescia fati que futurae sortis, et servare modum, sublata 
 
 ignorant of fate and future lot, and to preserve moderation, exalted 
 
 secundis rebus! Erit tempus Turno, cum optaverk 
 
 by prosperous affairs! There will be a time to Turnua, when he shall desire 
 
 emptum magno intactum Pallanta, et cum oderit 
 
 to purchase at a great price uninjured Pallas, and when be shall detett 
 
 ista spolia, que diem. 
 
 these spoils, and this day. 
 
 At socii frequentes referunt Pallantv, impositum 
 
 Put his associates in great numbers bring back Pallas, placed 
 
 scuto, multo gemitu que lacrymis, O rediture 
 
 on a shield, with great mourning and tears, O hnut to return 
 
 dolor atque magnum decus parenti. Hsev /?.rs prims* 
 
 the grief and great glory to your parent. This da/ ' first 
 
 cledit te bello, . hsec eadem aufert: cum tame k \ t 
 
 gave yon to the war, this the same bears you a way: when yet <v. i-'i
 
 297 509 
 
 mgentes acervos Rutulorum. Nee jam fama tanti 
 
 great heaps of Rutulians slain. Nor now the Tame of so great 
 
 mali, sed certior auctor advolat ^Eneas: suos 
 
 a misfortune alone, but a more authentic authority flies to /Km/ns; that his 
 
 esse tenui discrimine lethi; tempus succerrere 
 
 friends are in near peril. of death; that it is time to succour 
 
 versis Teucris. Metit. quaeque proxima gladio, que 
 
 the flying Trojans. He cuts down whatever is nearest with the swoid, and 
 
 ardens agit latum limitem ferro per 
 
 burning icith revenge be makes a broad path with the steel throiuh. 
 
 agmen, quaerens te, Turne, superbum novS. csde. 
 
 the army, seeking thee, O Turnus, elated with recent slaughter. 
 
 Pallas, Evander, omnia suat in ipsis oculis; mensa; quas 
 
 Pallas, Evander, all things are before bis yes; the tables which, 
 
 primas tune advena adiit, que dextras data;. 
 
 first but then a stranger he bad approached, and right hands pledged 
 
 Hie rapit quatuor juvenes, viventes creates Sulmone, totidem 
 
 Here he seizes four youths, alive; sprung from Sulmo, as many 
 
 quos Ufens educafc quos immolat inferias 
 
 whom Unions brings up: whom he sacrifices as funeral offerings 
 
 umbris que perfundat flammas rogi captivo 
 
 to the shade of Pallas and overflows the flames of the funeral pile with captive 
 
 sanguine. Inde cum procul tenderet infensam hastam 
 
 blood. Next when afar oil' be had directed his hostile spear 
 
 Mago, ille subit astu, ae tremebunda hasta supervolat; 
 
 at Magus, be stoops with cunning, and the trembling spear flies over him: 
 
 et amplectens genua, supplex effatur talia; per patrios 
 
 and embracing his knees, humbly he utters these iconfe; by thy father's 
 
 manes, et spes surgentis liili, precor te serves hanc 
 
 shades, and the hopes of the rising lulus, I pray thee spare this 
 
 animam que nato que patri. Est altadomus, talenta 
 
 life both to the son and the father. Tkere Is a lofty house, talents 
 
 cffilati argenti jacent penitus defossa; sunt mihi pondera 
 
 of adorned silver lie deeply buried; there are to me masses 
 
 auri facti que infecti: victoria Teucrflm rion vertitur 
 
 of gold wrought and unwrought: the victory of the Trojans does not turn 
 
 hie: una anima non dabit tanta diserimina. Dixerat: 
 
 here: one life will not give so great a difference. He said. 
 
 cui contra ^Eneas reddit talia: parce 
 
 to whom on the other hand /Eneas returned these words: spare 
 
 tuis natis, multa talenta argenti atque auri, quas memoras: 
 
 for your sons, the many talents of silver and of gold, which you recount. 
 
 Turnus prior sustulit ista commercia belli, jam turn 
 
 Turnus first authorized these terms of war. even now 
 
 Pallante peremto; manes patris Anchisas hoc, 
 
 Pallas being slain; the shades of my father Anchises sanctions tuit., 
 
 lulus sentit hoc. Fatus sic, tenet galeam laevft, 
 
 lulus thinks it. Speaking thus beholds his helmtt with his left hand.
 
 298 535 
 
 atque abdidit ensem ienus capulo reflexS. cervice 
 
 and bid kit sword up to the hilt in the reclining nrck 
 
 orantis. Nee Emonides procul, sacerdos Phccbi 
 
 of him praying. Nor teas Emonides far off, the priest of Apollo 
 
 que Triviffl cui tempora infula redimibat sacra vittft, 
 
 and Diana whose temples a mitre bound with a sacred fillet, 
 
 totus collucens veste atque insignibus armis; qucm 
 
 all glittering with his dress and distinguished arms; whom 
 
 congressus agit campo que superstans immolat 
 
 overtaking he drives along the plain and standing over Aim he offers Aim 
 
 lapsum que tcgit ingenti umbra. Serestus refert 
 
 fallen and shrouds Aim in a great shade of death. Sercstus bears off 
 
 lecta anna humeris, trophaeum tibi, Gradive Rex. 
 
 his collected arms on his shoulders, a trophy to you, O martial King. 
 
 Cceculus, creatus stirpe Vulcani, ,et Umbro veniens 
 
 Coeculus, born from the stock of Vulcan, and Umbro coming 
 
 montibus Marsorum instaurunt acies. Dardanides 
 
 from the mountains of the Moors renew the contest. The Trojan Aer 
 
 furit contra; dejecerat sinistram Anxuris ense, et 
 
 rages against lAent; Umbro had struck off the lefl band of An xur with his sword, and 
 
 totum orbem* clypei ferro. Ille dixerat aliquid 
 
 the whole circle of bin shield with his sword. He had uttered something 
 
 magnum, que crediderat vim affore verbo, que ferebat 
 
 great, and had believed that force would be in bis word and had raised 
 
 animum ccelo fortasse, que promiserat canitiem et longos 
 
 his soul to heaven perhaps, and had promised gray hairs and extended 
 
 annos sibi. 
 
 years to himself. 
 
 Tarquitus contra exultans fulgentibus armis, quem 
 
 Tarquilus on the other hand exulting in glittering arms, whom 
 
 Nympha Dryope crearat Fauno Sylvicolae, 
 
 the Nymph Dryope bad borne to Faunus a native of the woods, 
 
 obvius obtulit sese ardenti. Ille hastd reductS. 
 
 meeting opposed himself to him enraged. He his spear being drawn back 
 
 impedit loricam que ingens onus clypei; turn terras 
 
 entangles bis coat of mail and the great weightof his shield; then to the earth 
 
 deturbat caput orantis nequicquam, et parantis dicere 
 
 lie strikes the bead of him praying in vain, and preparing to say 
 
 multa que provolvens tepentem truncum fatur haec 
 
 many things and rolling over his warm trunk be speaks these tkingt 
 
 super inimico pectore; metuende, nunc jace istic. 
 
 from his hostile breast; dreaded Aero, now lie there. 
 
 Optima mater non condet te humi, ve onerabit 
 
 /"A;/ kind mother shall not bury thee in the earth, or load 
 
 membra patrio sepulchro; linquere feris alitibus, 
 
 thy limbs in a native tomb; you shall be left to the savage birds, 
 
 aut unda feret mersum gurgite, que impasti pisces 
 
 or the wave thall- bear (Ae plunged inthedep t and unfed Ashes
 
 299 561 
 
 lambent vulnera. Protinus persequitur Antaeum, et 
 
 lhall suck your wounds. Forthwith he follows Antaeus, and 
 
 Lycan, prima agmina Turni, que fortem Numam, que 
 
 Lyons, the first troops of Turn us, and brave Numa, and 
 
 Camertem fulvuna satum magnanimo Volsccnte: 
 
 ?amers yellow with gold sprung from high-minded Volscens; 
 
 qui fuit ditissimus agri Ausonidum, et regnavit 
 
 who was the richest in land of the Ausonian s, and ruled 
 
 tacitis Amydis. Qualis Egseon cui dicunt centumbrachia, 
 
 in silent Atr.yda?. As Egson, to whom they say tetre an hundred arms, 
 
 que centenas manus, ignem arsisse quinquaginta oribus 
 
 ind an hundred bands, that fire burnt from his tidy mouths 
 
 que pectoribus, cum streperet tot paribus clypeis contra 
 
 and breasts, when he clashed on so many equal shields against 
 
 fulmina Jovis, stringeret tot enses: Sic ^Eneas victor 
 
 the thunders of Jove, when, he drew so many swords: Thus ./Eneas victorious 
 
 desaevit in toto aequore, ut semel mucro 
 
 raged through the whole plain, as once hts blade 
 
 intepuit. Quin ecce! tendit, in quadrijuges 
 
 had heen warmed in blood. But lo! be marches against the chariot 
 
 equos Niphasi, que adversa pectora: atque illi, ut 
 
 horses of Nepheus, and their hostile breasts: and they, LS 
 
 videre longe gradientem et frementem dira, versi 
 
 they beheld Aim far off marching and raging dreadfully, turning 
 
 metu que ruentes retro, que effundunt ducem que 
 
 with fear and rushing back, both overthrow their leader and 
 
 rapiunt currus ad littora. Interea Lucagus infert 
 
 bear off the chariot to the shore. In the meanwhile Lucagus bears 
 
 se in medios albis bijugis. Que Liger frater: 
 
 himself to the midst on his while chariot horses. Also Liger his brother: 
 
 sed frater flectit equos habenis, et acer Lucagus rotat 
 
 but his brother guides his horses \vithreins, and brave Lucagus whirls 
 
 strictum ensem. ./Eneas baud tulit furentes tanto 
 
 his drawn sword. /Eneas could not endure them raging with so much 
 
 fervore: que irruit que ingens apparuit adversd 
 
 violence: and he rushed on and great he appeared before them with hostile 
 
 hasta", cui Liger: non cernis equos Diomedis, nee currum 
 
 spear, to whom Liger said: you do not behold the horses of Diomede, nor the chariot 
 
 Achillis, aut campos Phrygiae; nunc finis belli et sevi 
 
 Acliillcs, or the plains of Troy; now the end ot the war and of your life 
 
 dabitur his terris. Tali a dicta volant late vesano Ligeri: sed 
 
 shall be given to these lands. Such words fly far from mad Liger: but 
 
 et Troius heros non parat dicta contra: nam torquet 
 
 also the Trojan hero does not prepare words in opposition: for he hurl* 
 
 jaculum in hostem. Lucagus ut pronus pendens in 
 
 ACi dart against the foe. Lucagus as leaning forward hanging on 
 
 verbera, admonuit bijugos telo, dum aptat se 
 
 the lasli, urged on his yoke-horses with the dart, while he prepares himself
 
 300 587 
 
 pugnffi Isevo pede projector hasta subit per imas 
 
 for battle with his left foot advanced: the spear enters through the lowest 
 
 eras fulgentis clypei, dum perforat Isevum inguen, 
 
 borders of his glittering shield, while it pierces his left groin, 
 
 excussus curru, moribundus, volvitur arvis: quern plus 
 
 thrown out from the chariot, dying, he is rolled on the fields 1 whom pioui 
 
 ./Eneas affatur amaris dictis Lucage nulla segtiis fuga 
 
 /Enens addresses with bitter words: Lucagus no slothful flight 
 
 equorum prodidit tuos currus, aut vana umbra vertere 
 
 of homes has betrayed your chariot, or have vain shades turned them 
 
 ex hostibus; saliens rotis ipsedeseris juga. Ita fatus 
 
 from the enemy; leaping from the wheels you desert the chariot. Thus uttering 
 
 haec, arripuit bijugos. Infelix frater, delapsus 
 
 these words, he seized the horses. His wretched brother, falling 
 
 eodem curru, tendebat inermes .palmas: per 
 
 from the same chariot, stretched out his unarmed hands and said: by 
 
 te, per parentes qui genuere te talem, Trojane 
 
 thyself, by thy parents who have borne tbee thus renowned, O Trojan 
 
 vir, sine hanc animam, et miserere^ precantis. ^Eneas 
 
 hero, spare this life, and pity me praying. Ericas 
 
 oranti pluribus. Haud dabas talia dicta 
 
 addresses kirn speaking in many words. You did not utter such words 
 
 dudum; morere, et frater ne desere fratrem. Turn 
 
 lately; die, and a brother did not abandon your brother. Then 
 
 recludit pectus, latebras animse, mucrone. Dardanius 
 
 be opens his breast, the hiding place of his soul, with his sword. The Trojan 
 
 ductor edebat talia funera per campos, furens more 
 
 leader caused these, deaths through the plains, raging in the manner 
 
 torrentis aquae, vel atri turbinis. Tandem puer Ascanius, 
 
 of a torrent of water, or black whirlwind. At last the boy Ascanius, 
 
 et juventus obsessa, nequicquam erumpunt et relinquunt 
 
 and the youth besieged, in vain break out and abandon 
 
 castra. Interea Jupiter compellat Junonent ultro: 
 
 the camps. In the meantime Jupiter addresses Juno willingly: 
 
 O germana, atque eadem conjux gratissima mihi! ut 
 
 O sister, and also the same my wife most grateful tome! as 
 
 rebare (nee sententia fallit te) Venus sustentat 
 
 you supposed (nor does your sentiment deceive you) Venus upholds 
 
 Trojanas opes! non viris dextra vivida bello, quo 
 
 the Trojan power! there is not to the men a right hand alive for the war, and 
 
 animus ferox, que patiens periculi! Cui Juno 
 
 a disposition bold, and patient of danger! To whom Juno 
 
 summissa: pulcherrime conjux, quid sollicitas segram, 
 
 most humbly nid most accomplished husband, why do you urge me sick. 
 
 et timentem tua tristia dicta? Si foret mihi vis in 
 
 anil dreading your sad words? If there could be to me that power in 
 
 amore, quse fuerat quondam, quamque decebat essse, 
 
 love. which has been formerly, and which ought tobemur
 
 301 614 
 
 namque non negares hoc mihi, omnipotens: 
 
 indeed yon would not deny this tome, O all powerful husband: 
 
 quin et possem subducere Turnum pugnse, et 
 
 but even I might be able to withdraw Turnus from the battle, and 
 
 servare incolumem Dauno parent!. Nunc pereat, 
 
 to preserve Am unharmed forDaunus Aw father. Now let Aim perish, 
 
 que det poenas Teucris pio sanguine. Tamen ille 
 
 And give penalties to the Trojans with Ais pious blood. Yet be 
 
 deducit nomen nostra engine que Pilumnus quartus 
 
 has derived AM name from our origin and Pilumnus is a fourth remove* 
 
 pater illi: et saepe oneravit tua limina larga tnanu, 
 
 father to him: and oft he has loaded your temples with his generous hand, 
 
 que multis donis. Cui rex aetherei Olympi sic fatur 
 
 and numerous gifts. To whom the king of heavenly Olympus thus speaks 
 
 breviten Si mora praesentis lethi, que tempus oratur 
 
 briefly: If delay of present death, and time is asked 
 
 caduco juveni, que sentis me ponere hoc ita; tolle 
 
 for the falling youth, and you think fit for me to establish it thus; bear off 
 
 Turnum fuga, atque eripe instantibus fatis. 
 
 Turnus by flight, and snatch Aim from threatening fate. 
 
 Vacat indulsisse hactenus. Sin ulla altior venia 
 
 It is allowed to have indulged yon thus far. But if any higher favour 
 
 latet sub istis precibus, que putas totum bellum 
 
 is concealed under these prayers, and you think all the war 
 
 moveri ve mutari, pascis inanes spes. Cui Juno 
 
 to be removed or changed, you feed empty hopes. To whom Juno 
 
 illacrymans: quid si dares mente, quod gravaris 
 
 weeping said; what if yon. should grant in your mind, what you deny 
 
 voce, atque haec vita maneret rata Turno? Nunc 
 
 with your voice, and this life should remain ratified to Turnus? Now 
 
 gravis exitus manet insontem; aut ego feror vana 
 
 a mournful end awaits him innocent; or I am esteemed ignorant 
 
 veri; quod O ut potius ludar falsa formidine, et 
 
 of the truth; but O that rather I may be deluded by false fear, and 
 
 qui potes, reflectas tua orsa in melius. Ubi 
 
 tAou who art able, may change thy designs for the better. When 
 
 dedit hsec dicta, protinus misit se alto ccelo, 
 
 she had uttered these words, forthwith she cast herself from the lofty sky, 
 
 succincta nirabo, agens hiernem per auras, que petivil 
 
 girt with a cloud, driving tempests through the air, and fought 
 
 lliacam aciem et Laurentia castra. Turn Dea ornat 
 
 the Trojan army and the Laurent! an camps. Then the Goddess adorns 
 
 Dardaniis telis, tenuem umbram sine viribus cava 
 
 with Trojan arms, alight shade without substance from a hollow 
 
 nube, in faciem JEnesR (monstrum mirabile visu) que 
 
 cloud, in the form of ^Eneas (a monster wonderful to be seen) and 
 
 asshnulat clypeum que jubas divini capitis; dat 
 
 imitates the shield and crests of Ais divine bead; she gives to it
 
 302 G40 
 
 mania verba. dat sonum sine tnente, que flingif 
 
 vain words, sne gives sound without understanding, and feigni 
 
 grcssus euntis; quales figuras fama est volitare morte 
 
 the stop of him walking; such like figures report is use tolly aUout dealt 
 
 obita", aut somnia quae deludunt sopitos sensus. A< 
 
 having passed, or dreams which deceive the sleeping senses. I!n. 
 
 Iseta imago exultat ante primas acies, que irrita> 
 
 ih' playful phantom dances before the advanced ranks, and provokci 
 
 \irum telis, et lacessit voce; cui Turnus instat, 
 
 t ie hero with darts, and aggravates Aim with its voice; whom Turnus pursues 
 
 que conjicit stridentem hastam eminus; ilia vertit vestigia 
 
 and hurls his hissing spear afar; it turns its steps 
 
 tergo dato. Turn ver6 ut Turnus credidit ^Enean 
 
 its back being presented. Then indeed as Turnus believed thit /Tncaj 
 
 aversum cedere, atque turbidus hausit inanem spem 
 
 turning had withdrawn, and disturbed drank <n empty hope 
 
 animo: jEnea, quo fugis? ne desere pactos 
 
 in Ai mind: he said O ./Eneas, whither do you fly? do not desert plighted 
 
 thalamos: tellus quaesita per undas dabitur 
 
 marriage; the land sought through the waves shall be given 
 
 hfic dextrd. Vociferans talia sequitur, que coruscat 
 
 by this right hand. Crying out in these words he pursues, and brandishes 
 
 strictum mucronem; nee videt ventos ferre sua 
 
 his drawn sword; nor does he observe that the winds bear away hi* 
 
 gaudia. Forte ratis, conjuncta crepidine celsi saxi, 
 
 joys. By chance a ship, joined to the margin of a high rock. 
 
 stabat scalis expositis et ponte parato, quS. rex Osinius 
 
 stood with ladders placed and a bridge prepared, on which king Osinius 
 
 advectus Clusinis oris. Trepida imago ^Enea? 
 
 was borne from the Clusian shores. The trembling image of ./Eneas 
 
 fugientis conjicit sese hue in latebras: Turnus nee 
 
 escaping casts itself hither in concealment* Turnus not 
 
 segnior instat que exsuperat moras, et transilit 
 
 more slothful presses on and rises above all obstacles, and leaps ovei 
 
 altos pontes. Vix attigerat proram; Saturnia rumpit 
 
 the high bridges. Hardly bad he touched the prow; Juno break* 
 
 funem, que rapit navem avulsam per revoluta aequora. 
 
 the rope, and bears away the ship toyi through the rolling waters. 
 
 Autem ^Eneas poscit ilium absentem, in pralia: demittit 
 
 But /Ericas demands him absent, to the battle: he sends 
 
 multa corpora virum obvia morti. Tune levis imago 
 
 many bodies of heroes meeting him to death. Then 'the light phantom 
 
 baud quaerit latebras ultra jam sed volans sublime 
 
 does not seek concealment farther now but flying high 
 
 immiscuit se atrae nubi; cum interea turbo 
 
 mingled itself in the black cloud; when in the mean time the whirlwind 
 
 fert Turnum medio aequore. Respicit ignarus rerum, 
 
 bears Turnus in the midst of the sea. He looks back ignorant, of things
 
 303 666 
 
 que ingratus salutis, et tendit duplices manus cum 
 
 and ungrateful for his safety, and stretches both hands with 
 
 voce ad sidera: Omnipotens genitor, ne 
 
 his voice towards the stars, he said: All powerful father, whether 
 
 duxisti me dignum tan to crimine? et voluisti 
 
 have you thought me worthy of so great a crime? and have you willed 
 
 expendere tales poenas? quo feror? unde 
 
 that 1 pay such penalties? whither am I borne? whence 
 
 abivi? quse fuga reducet me, ve quern? ne videbo 
 
 have I departed? what flight shall restore me, or to what? shall I see 
 
 Laurentes muros aut castra iterum? quid ilia manus 
 
 the Laurentian walls or camps once more? what will this band 
 
 virum, qui secuti me que meaarma? que omnes quos 
 
 of heroes say, who followed me and my arms? and all whom 
 
 reliqui, nefas, m infandd morte? Et nunc 
 
 I have abandoned, O dreadful crime, to unutterable death? And now 
 
 video palantes, que accipio gemitum cadentum. 
 
 I behold them wandering, and I receive the groans of the falling. 
 
 Quid agam? aut quae terra jam satis ima dehiscat 
 
 Wliut shall I do? or what land now sufficiently deep will open 
 
 mihi? Vos, 6 venti, potius miserescite (Turnus volens 
 
 forme? You, O ye winds, rather pity me (1 Turnus willingly 
 
 adoro vos;) ferte ratem in rupes, in saxo que immittite 
 
 adore you;) drive my ship on the clifl's, upon the rocks and sink it 
 
 sjcvis vadis syrtis, quo neque Rutuli, neque 
 
 in the cruel shallows the quicksands, where neither the Rutulians, nor 
 
 conscia fama sequatur me. Memorans haec, fluctuat 
 
 conscious fame shall pursue me. Uttering these words, he waves 
 
 aniino nunc hue, nunc illuc, an amens ob tantum 
 
 iri his mind now here, now there, whether mad for so great 
 
 dedecus induat sese mucrone, et exigat crudum 
 
 a dishonour he should pierce himself with his blade, and drive his naked 
 
 ensem per costas, an jaciat mediis fluctibus, 
 
 sword through Ais ribs, or should cust himself into the midst of the waves, 
 
 et petat curva litora nando, que reddat se iterum 
 
 and seek the curving shores in swimming, and restore himself again 
 
 in anna Teucrflm. Conatus utramque viam ten 
 
 against the arms of the Trojans. Attempting each way thrice, 
 
 ter maxima Juno continuit que miserata animo 
 
 thrice great JUIIQ restrained Aim aud commiserating in her mine! 
 
 repressit juvenem. Labitur secans alta, que 
 
 lie restrained the youth. He glides on dividing the deep, both 
 
 secundo fluctu que sestu; etdeferturad antiquam urbem 
 
 with favouring wave and tide; and is borne to the ancient city 
 
 patris Dauni. At interea Mezentius monitis Jovis 
 
 of his father Daunus. But in the interim Mezentius by the monitions of Jupiter, 
 
 ardens succedit pugnae, que invadit ovantes 
 
 turning teith ragt comes up to the fight, and attacks the rejoicing
 
 304 091 
 
 Teucros. Tyrrhene acies concurrunt, atque instant viro 
 
 Trojans. The Tuscan bands rush on together, and pursue the man 
 
 uni, uni omnibus odiis que frequentibus telis. 
 
 alone, Aim alone with all their hatred and numerous darts. 
 
 Ille velut rupes, quse prodit in vastum aequor obvia 
 
 He as a rock, which projects into the vast ocean exposed 
 
 furiis ventorum que exposita ponto, perfert cunctam 
 
 to the madness of the winds and obnoxious tothe sea, endures alt 
 
 vim atque minas, que cceli que maris, ipsa manens 
 
 ;lie violence and threats, both of heaven and the deep, itself remaining 
 
 immota- Sternit Hebrum prolem Dolicaonis humi; 
 
 unmoved. He prostrates Hebrus the offspring of Uohcaon on the ground, 
 
 cum quo Latagum que fugacem Palmura; sed occupat 
 
 with him Latagus and flying Palmus; but be attack.* 
 
 Latagum os que adversam faciem saxo, atque ingenti 
 
 Lataguj in the mouth and adverse face with a rock, and great 
 
 fragmine montis; sinit Palmum volvi segnem 
 
 fragment of a mountain; be permits Palmus to be rolled over slowly 
 
 poplite succiso; que donat Lauso habere arma 
 
 his ham being cut; and allows to Lausua to have arm* 
 
 hume'ris, et figere cristas vertice. Nee non Phrygium 
 
 on hi* shoulders, and to place crests on his bead. Also Trojan 
 
 Evantem, que Mimanta aequalem que comitem Paridis: 
 
 F.vas he kills and Mimas the equal and companion of Paris. 
 
 quern Theano dedit in lucem genitori Amyco und nocte, 
 
 whom Theano gave to the light to kis father Amycus the same night, 
 
 et Cisseis regina, praegnans face, creat Parin: occubat 
 
 also Hecuba the queen, pregnant with a firebrand bore Paris: befalls 
 
 paterni urbe; Laurens ora habet Mimanta ignarum. Ac 
 
 in his native city; the Laurentine coast possesses Mimas unknown. And 
 
 velut ille aper, actus de altis montibus morsu canum, 
 
 as a boar, driven from the high mountains by the biting of dogs, 
 
 pastus arundineS. sylv& (quern pinifer Vesulus defendit 
 
 having fed in the reedy wood (which the pine-bearing Vesulus had defended 
 
 multos annos, que Laurentia palus multos) postquam 
 
 for many years, and the Laurentian marsh for many) aflei 
 
 ventum est inter retia, substitit, que ferox infremuit, et 
 
 he had come amidst tbe nets, be stops, and fierce be roars, and 
 
 mhorruit armos; nee virtus cuiquam irasci, ve 
 
 bristles up his shoulders; nor is there courage in any one to display his anger, or 
 
 accedere propius, sed instant jaculis que tutis 
 
 to approach nearer, but they press on Am with darts and safe 
 
 clamoribus procul: autem ille impavidus cunctatur ii> 
 
 diimours from afar: but be fearless delays them in 
 
 omnes partes infrendens dentibus et decutit hastas 
 
 every side gnashing with his teetb and shakes the spear* 
 
 tergo: baud aliter, animus non ulli, quibus Mezentius 
 
 from Jkii back: just so. courage via* not to'aoy, to whom Mezectiut
 
 305 716 
 
 st justae ins, concurrere stricto ferro; 
 
 4 a suljeet of righteous indignation, to engage fiim with the drawn sword, 
 
 acessunt longe missilibus et vasto clamore- Acron, 
 
 Ihey provoke Aim from afar with flying (farts and vast noise. Acron 
 
 Graius homo, venerat de antiquis finibus Coriti profugus 
 
 a Grecian man, . had come from the ancient boundaries of Coritus a deserter 
 
 unquens hymenaeos infectos: Ubi longe vidit hunc 
 
 leaving his nuptial rites unfinished: When from afar he saw him 
 
 miscentem media agmina purpureum pennis, et 
 
 intermingling in the midst of the bands glowing with the plumes, and 
 
 ostro conjugis pactae; ceu saepe impastus leo peragrans 
 
 purple of his wife betrothed; as often an unfed lion wandering thro' 
 
 alta stabula (enim vesana fames suadet) -si forte conspexit 
 
 the deep retreats (for mad hunger induces Aim) if by chance he sees 
 
 fugacem capream, aut cervum surgeritem in cornua, 
 
 a flying goat, or a stag rising on his horns, 
 
 gaudet hians immane, que arrexit comas et hseret 
 
 he rejoices yawning hideously, and rears his hair, and cling? fast 
 
 incumbens super visceribus: teter cruor lavit improba 
 
 bending over Ai* entrails: black blood bathes his cruel 
 
 ora: sic Mezentius alacer ruit in densos hostes. 
 
 jaws: thus Mezentius joyful rushes against his thickening foes. 
 
 Infelix JEron sternitur, et expirans tundit atram.humum 
 
 Unhappy JEtn is overthrown, and dying beats the black grounu 
 
 calcibus, que cruentat infracta tela. Atque idem baud 
 
 with his heels, and stains his broken arms. And the same did not 
 
 dignatus est sternere Oroden fugientem, nee dare caecum 
 
 condescend to overthrow Orodes flying, nor to give a secret 
 
 vulnus jacta cuspide; obvius que occurrit adverso 
 
 wound with the hurled spear; meeting also he engaged h is foe 
 
 que vir contulit se viro, baud melior furto, .sed 
 
 aud man engaged himself to man, not superior in deceit, but 
 
 fortibus armis. Turn nixus pede posito super 
 
 in powerful arms. Then struggling with A is foot placed upn kin 
 
 abjectum, et hasta: Viri, altus Orodes, pars 
 
 overthrown, and with his spear: Men (said he) high Orodes, a portion 
 
 belli baud temnenda, jacet. Socn conclamant 
 
 of the war not to be despised, lies here. His companions exclaim together 
 
 secuti laetum Parana. Autem ille expirans: Quicunque 
 
 following a joyful Paean. But he expiring says: Whoever 
 
 es, non victor nee laetabere longum me 
 
 thouart, thou shall not live a conqueror nor shall you rejoice long over mt 
 
 inulto; paria fata prospectant te quoque, atque mox 
 
 uurevenged; like fates await thee also, and soon 
 
 tenebis eadem arva. Ad quern Mezentius subridens 
 
 you shall possess the same fields. To whom Mezentius smiling 
 
 mista ira", Nunc morere, ast pater Divorum 
 
 with min?lnd wrath, says, Now die, but let th father of the God*
 
 30G 744 
 
 alque rex hominum viderit de me. Dicens hoc eduxit 
 
 ami king of men see for me. Saying tliis tic drew 
 
 tclum corpore. Dura quies et ferreus somnus 
 
 the* dart from Ai's body. Cruel sleep and iron slumber 
 
 urget olli oculos, lumina clauduntur in atternam 
 
 press down his eyes, Ms sight is closed in eternal 
 
 noctem. Coedicus obtruncat Aleathoum, Sacrator Hydaspen 
 
 iiigl.t. Cxdicus beheads Aleathous, Sacrator kills Hydatpes 
 
 que Rapo Parlhenium, et Orsen pracdurum viribus. 
 
 ami Kapo Parnethius, and Orsen very hardy in Ai's strength. 
 
 Messapus Clonium que Lycaonium Ericeten ilium 
 
 Mrs>:ipus overthrows Clonius and Lycaonian Erecclcs Inin.-clf 
 
 jacentem tellure lapsu infra?nis equi, pedes 
 
 lying on the ground by a fall of his undisciplined horse, on foot 
 
 hunc peditem; et Lycius Agis processerat; quem 
 
 he attacks him on foot; and Lycian Agis had gone out against him; whom 
 
 tamen Valerus baud expers avitae virtutis dejicit: Salius 
 
 yet Falerius not destitute of ancestral courage overthrows: Salius 
 
 Authronium que Nealces insignis jaculo, et sagittd 
 
 AiV/s Authornius and Nealces renown'd for the dart, and arrow 
 
 longe fallente Salium. Jam gravis Mavors aequabat 
 
 far deceiving killed Sulius. Now cruel Mars equalled their 
 
 luctus et mutua funera; victores que victi caedebant 
 
 grief and mutual deaths; the conquerors and conquered full 
 
 pariter que pariter ruebant. Fuga ne nota his nee 
 
 together and together rushed on. Flight is not known to these nor 
 
 illis. Dii in tectis Jovis miseranlur inanem iram 
 
 those. The Gods in the palace of Jove pity the vain anger 
 
 imborum, et esse mortalibus tantos labores. Hinc 
 
 of both. and thai there are to mortals so great labours. On this fide 
 
 Venus, hinc contra Saturnia Juno spectat. Pallula 
 
 Venus, on that on the other hand Saturnian Juno beholds. Pale 
 
 Tisiphone saevit inter media millia. At vero Mezentius 
 
 Tisiphone rages in the midst of thousands. But indeed Mezcntius 
 
 vjuatiens ingentem hastam turbidus ingreditur campo; 
 
 brandishing his great spear troubled walks on the plain, 
 
 quam magnus Orion cum incedit pedes scindens viam 
 
 as great Orion when he marches on foot dividing tin- way 
 
 per maxima stagna medii Nerei, supereminet undas 
 
 through great pools of the midst ofNereus, rises above the wavci 
 
 humero, aut referens annosam ornum summis 
 
 with his shoulder, or bearing back on aged ash from the lofty 
 
 montibus que ingreditur solo, et condit caput inter 
 
 mountains and walks on the ground, and hides his head :iiniil 
 
 nubila: Mezentius talis infert se vastis armis 
 
 the clouds: Mozentius thus bears himself with his vast arm*. 
 
 Contra. ./Eneas speculatus in longo agmine parat 
 
 On the other hand jEtieas watching in the long ra:ik i>re; arti
 
 307 770 
 
 ire obvius huic. Hie manet imperterritus opperiens 
 
 logo to meet him. He remains unfrighiened awaiting 
 
 magnanimum hostem et stat sua mole atque 
 
 tis huh minded /oe and stands in his own bulk and 
 
 emensus oculis quantum, spatium satis hastse, 
 
 having measured with Ais eyes as much space asiscuongh for Ai'sspear, 
 
 Dextra Deus mihi et telum quod libro missile 
 
 said My rk'ht hand a God tome and the dart which I poise about to send 
 
 nunc adsint; Lause voveo te ipsum tropaeum 
 
 now be friendly to i*c; O Lausus I vow to thee thyself the trophy 
 
 ./Eneo; indutum spoliis raptis e corpore praedonis. 
 
 of .iCneas clothed in spoils stript from the body of the robber. 
 
 Dixit que jecit stridentem hastam eminus, at ilia volans 
 
 lie said and hurl'd the hissing spear afar off, but it flying 
 
 excussa est clypeo que procul figit egregium Antorem 
 
 i- shaken off from the shield and afar orf pierces the noble Antorea 
 
 inter latus et ilia; Antorem comitem Herculis qui 
 
 between the side and the stomach; Anlorcs thecomprtiiion of Hercules whii 
 
 missus ab Argis haeserat Evahdro atque consederat 
 
 boing sent from Argos had joined Ev.inder and had settled tiown 
 
 Itala urbe. Infelix sternitur alieno vulnere que 
 
 in an Italian city. Unhappy he is overthrown by a foreign wound and 
 
 aspicit ccelura et moriens reminiscitur dulces Argos. 
 
 looks up to heaven and dying calls to mind his beloved Argos, 
 
 Turn pius ^Eneas jacit hastam, ilia transivit per cavum 
 
 Then pious -neas hurls Ms spear, it pass'd through the hollow 
 
 orbem, triplici sere, per linea terga que opus intextum 
 
 circle, of triple brass, through the linen coverings and the work interwoven 
 
 tribus tauris que sedit ima inguine; sed 
 
 with three bulls hides and settles down to the bottom of the groin; but 
 
 baud pertulit vires. JEneas laetus sanguine Tyrrheni 
 
 it did not retain its strength. .-Eneas joyful the blood of the Tuscan 
 
 viso, ocyus eripit ensem a femore et fervidus 
 
 boing seen, quickly snatches Ms sword from his thigh and glowing 
 
 instat trepidanti. Lausus ut vidit graviter ingemuit 
 
 presses on him trembling. Lausus as he saw it heavily groaned 
 
 amore cari genitoris, que lacrymae volutaj per 
 
 through love of his dear parent, and the tears came rolling over Ais 
 
 ora. Si qua vetustas sit latura fidem tanto operi 
 
 (ace. If by any means antiquity shall give faith to so great a decJ 
 
 equidem non silebo casum durse mortis 
 
 indeed I will not be silent concerning the misfortune of thy cruel death 
 
 hie, que tua optima facta nee te juvenis memorande. 
 
 here, and thy most worthy deeds nor thee O youth to be commemorated. 
 
 Ille referens pedem et inutilis que inligatus cedebat 
 
 He withdrawing Ais foot both disabled and encumbered retreated 
 
 que trahebat inimicum hastile clypeo. Juvenis prorupit 
 
 and drew the hostile <pcar in Aio. shield. The youth burst forlli
 
 308 7% 
 
 que immiscuit sese armis, quc subiit mucronerr 
 
 and cast himself on the arms, and encountered the hlaiie 
 
 ./Eneae, jam assurgentis- dextrd, que ferentis plagam 
 
 ofjEneas, now rising with his right hand, and aiming a blow 
 
 que sustinuit ipsum morando. Socii sequntur magno 
 
 and sustained bim by delaying. His agsociates follow with a great 
 
 clamore, dura gemtor protectus parmi nati abiret; 
 
 about, wbile the father protected by the shield of Ais son withdrew, 
 
 que conjiciunt tela que proturbant nostem missilibus 
 
 and they hurl darts and drive away the foe by missile ipean 
 
 eminus. ^Eneas furit que tectus tenet se. Ac velut 
 
 afar off. .Eneas rages and protected restrains himself. And as 
 
 si quando nimbi praecipitant grandine effusa", omnis 
 
 if at any time the clouds rush on with hail pouring down, every 
 
 arator diffiugit campis, et omnis agricola, et viator 
 
 ploughman flies from the plains, and every farmer, and traveller 
 
 latet tut arce aut ripis amnis, aut fomice alti 
 
 lies hid in a safe shelter either on the banks of a river, or the recess of a high 
 
 saxi, <Jum pluit in terris, ut possint exercere diem 
 
 rock, while it rams on the land, that they may spend the day 
 
 sole reducto. . Sic JEneas obrutus telis undique 
 
 the sun being restored. Thus jEneas overwhelmed with darts on every side 
 
 sustinet omnem nubem belli dum detonet, et increpitat 
 
 endures all the cloud of war while it thunders, and rebukes 
 
 Lausum, que> minatur Lauso. Quo ruis moriture? 
 
 Lausus, and threatens Lausus. Whither do you rush about to die? 
 
 que audes majora viribus? tua pietas fallit 
 
 and tc/iy do you dare greater ttiixfs than your strength? your piety deceives 
 
 te incautum. Necminus ille demens exultatque jam ssevae 
 
 you unsuspecting. Nevertheless he mad exults and uow cruel 
 
 irae surgunt altius Dardanio ductori, que Parcae legunt 
 
 wr.idi arises higher in the Trojan leader, and the Destinies draw not 
 
 extrema fila Lauso, namque ./Eneas exigit valid um 
 
 Ais last threads of life to Lausun, for .Eneas plunges Aia powerful 
 
 ensem per medium juvenem que recondit totum. 
 
 sword through the middle of the youth and hides it entirely 
 
 Mucro transit et parmam, levia arma 
 
 within him. The blade pierced both Aw shield, the light arms 
 
 minacis, et tunicam quam mater neverat molli auro! 
 
 ofhiin threatening and the coat which As mother had spun of ductile gold 
 
 que sanguis implevit sinum; turn, vita moesta concessit 
 
 and blood filled his bosom; then his life sad withdrew 
 
 per auras ad manes, que reliquit corpus. At vero ut 
 
 through the air to the shades, and abandoned ki* body. But indeed as 
 
 Anchisiades vidit vultum et ora morientis, 
 
 the son of Anchises saw the face and countenance of him dying, 
 
 ora pallentia miris modis miserans ingemuit 
 
 tt countenance pale in a wonderful manner compassionating he groaned
 
 309 823 
 
 graviter que tetendit dextram; et imago patriae 
 
 heavily anil extended his right kand, and the image of his paternal 
 
 pietatis subiit mentem. Puer miserande quid nunc 
 
 piety filtered his soul. O youth to be pjtied what now is left 
 
 tibi pro istis laudibus, quid pius JEneas dabit dignum 
 
 :o you for these praises, what con the pious JEneas give worthy 
 
 tanta indole. Habe tua arma quibus laetatus que 
 
 BO great virtue. Take your own arms in which you rejoiced and 
 
 remitto te manibus et cineri parentum; si ea est 
 
 I restore tbee to the shades and ashes of your parents; if this it 
 
 qua cura. Tamen infelix solabere miseram mortem 
 
 any care. Yet unhappy youth you shall console your wretched death 
 
 hoc, cadis dextrd magni ^Eneae. Increpat ultro 
 
 by this, you fall by tbe right AaTtdof great /Eneas. He chides forthwith 
 
 socios cunctantes et sublevat ipsum terrd turpantem 
 
 Ais companions delaying and supports him on the ground defiling 
 
 capillos comptos de more, sanguine. Interea 
 
 his locks adorned according to the custom, with blood. In the mean time 
 
 genitor siccabat vulnera lymphis, ad undam Tiberini 
 
 Ata father rinsed AJS wounds with water, at the stream of Tiber's 
 
 fluminis, que levabat corpus acdinis trunco arboris. 
 
 river, and raised Ais body leaning against the trunk of a tree. 
 
 JErea. galea dependel procul ramis, et gravia arma 
 
 His brazen helmet hung afar oft" on the branches, and his heavy arms 
 
 quiescunt prato. Lecti juvenes stant circum; ipse 
 
 rest on the meadow. Chosen youth stand around; he 
 
 spger anhelans fovet colla, fusus propexam barbam in 
 
 sick panting relieves his neck, spreading his long beard on 
 
 pectore, rogitat multa super Lauso, que remittit 
 
 his breast, he asks many things concerning Lausus, and sends back 
 
 multos qui jevocent, que ferant mandata mcesti 
 
 many who may recall Aim, and bear the commands of his mournful 
 
 parentis. At socii flentes ferebant Lausum exanimum, 
 
 father. But his companions weeping bore Lausus lifeless, 
 
 super arma ingentem atque victum ingenti vulnere. 
 
 upon Ais arms -a great corpse and conquered by a great wound. 
 
 Mens prasaga mali -agnovit gemitum longer 
 
 The father's mind foreknowing misfortune knew their groan afar off: 
 
 deformat canitiem immundo pulvere et tendit ambas 
 
 be deforms Ais gray hair with filthy dust and stretches both 
 
 palmas ad coelum, et inhaeret corpore. Nate tantane 
 
 His hands to heaven, and cleaves to the body. O my son has so great 
 
 voluptas vivendi tenuit me ut paterer .quern 
 
 a pleasure of living withheld me that I should have suffered Aim wnonr 
 
 genui succedere hostili dextrae, pro me? ne 
 
 I have begotten to yield to a hostile right hand, instead of myself? whether 
 
 genitor servor per haec tua vulnera? vivens tud morte? 
 
 a father am I saved by these thy wounds? living by your death]
 
 310 849 
 
 Heu! clcmum mihi misero exilium- infelix, nunc 
 
 AlBb! at length to me miserable my exile '.> unhappy, now 
 
 vulnus adactum alte. Nate ego idem maculavi tuum 
 
 the wound is driven deeply. O my son I the same have stained your 
 
 nomen crimine; pulsus solio que patemis sceptris, 
 
 name with crime; banished from my throne and paternal sceptre 
 
 ob invidiam. Debueram pcenas patrite, que ipse 
 
 on account of hatred. lowed penalties to my country, and I 
 
 dedissem sontem animam odiis meorum, per 
 
 hould have given my guilty soul to the indignation of my subjects, by 
 
 omnes mortes. Nunc vivo, que ne adhuc relinquo 
 
 all deaths. Now I live, and not as yet do I abandon 
 
 homines que lucem, sed linquam. Simul 
 
 men and the light of life, but I will leave then. At the same time 
 
 dicens haec attollit ^e in segrum femur, et 
 
 Baying these things he raised himself on his wounded thigh, and 
 
 quanquam vis tardat alto vulnere, baud dejectus, 
 
 although pain restrains Aim by a deep wound, he was not cast down, 
 
 jubet equum duci. Hoc decus illi, hoc erat 
 
 he orders his horse to be led out. This was an honour to him, t!iU was 
 
 solamen; abibat victor hoc omnibus bellis. Alloquitur 
 
 a consolation; he departed a conqueror by this from all wars. Headdresses 
 
 mcerentem et infit talibus. Rhcebe viximus diu, 
 
 Aim mourning and begins with these words. O Rhebus we have lived long, 
 
 si qua ulla res est diu mortalibus. Aut victor hodie 
 
 if any thing is long to mortals. Either a conqueror this day 
 
 referes ilia cruenta spolia, et caput ^Eneae que 
 
 you shall bear off these bloody spoils, and the head ofJEneas and 
 
 eris ultor dolorum Lausi mecum aut si nulla vis 
 
 you shall be the avenger of the griefs of Lausus with me or if no power 
 
 aperit viam, occumbes pariter, enim neque fortissime 
 
 opens away, you shall fall together with me, for neither most brave horn 
 
 credo dignabere pati aliena jussa, et Teucros 
 
 do I believe you will condescend to endure another's commands, and Trojan 
 
 dominos. Dixit et exceptus tergo, locavit membra 
 
 owners. He said and being received on his back, he placed A is limbs 
 
 consueta, que oneravit ambas manus acutis jaculis, 
 
 in their accustomed seat, and loaded both hands with sharp javelins, 
 
 fulgens asre caput, que hirsutus equind cristd. 
 
 vhiuing with brass as to his head, arid rough with a horse hair crest. 
 
 Sic rapid us dedit cursum in medios. Ingens pudor 
 
 Thus swift he directed Ais course into the midst. Deep shame 
 
 sestuat in imo corde, que insania luctu misto et 
 
 boils in his inmost heart, and madness with grief mingled and 
 
 amor agitatus furiis, et conscia virtus; atque hie vocavit 
 
 pnve convulsed by madness, and conscious courage; and here he called 
 
 ^Enean ter magna voce. ./Eneas agnovit eum que lastus 
 
 2uicu9 thrice with a loud voice. jEneas knew him and joyful
 
 311 875 
 
 precatur: Sic ille pater Deflm, sic altus Apollo 
 
 pmyed: Thus may the father of the Gods, thus exalted Apollo 
 
 faciat, incipias conferre manum. EfFatustantum, 
 
 move you, that you may begin to engage your hand with me. He said so much, 
 
 et subit obvius infestd hasta". Autem ille 
 
 irul passes on against him with bis hostile spear. But he said 
 
 saevissime quid terres me nato erepto? haec 
 
 most cruel man why do you terrify me my son being snatched from me? this 
 
 fuit sola via qua" posses perdere. Nee horremus 
 
 was the only way by which you could destroy me. Neither dowefeai 
 
 mortem nee parcimus ulli Divvim. 
 
 death nor regard any one of the Gods. 
 
 Desine, jam venio moriturus, et prius porto haec dona 
 
 Cease, now I come about to die, and first I bear these gifts 
 
 tibi. Dixit, que intorsit telum in hostem, que inde 
 
 to you. He said, and hurled his dart against the foe, and then 
 
 figit aliud atque aliud, que super volat ingenti 
 
 Ac fastens another and another, and over the plain he flies in a great 
 
 gyro, sed aureua umbo sustinet. Equitavit in laevos 
 
 circle, but the golden boss sustains them. He rode in sinister 
 
 orbes ter circum adstantem, jaciens tela manu. 
 
 circles thrice around him standing, hurling darts with AI'J hand. 
 
 Troius heros ter circumfert secum immanem 
 
 The Trojan hero thrice bore around with him a great 
 
 sylvam serato tegmine. Inde ubi taedet 
 
 forest of darts in kis brazen shield. Then when it wearies him 
 
 traxisse tot moras, vellere tot 'spicula, et 
 
 to have contrived so many delays, to draw out so many darts, and 
 
 urgetur congressus iniquS. pugnS movens multa 
 
 he is driven on engaging in unequal contest revolving manyfAing* 
 
 animo, jam tandem erumpit, et conjicit hastam inter 
 
 in his mind, now at last be breaks forth, and hurls his spear between 
 
 cava tempora bellatoris equi. Quadrupes tollit se 
 
 the hollow temples of the warrior horse. The horse raised himself 
 
 arrectum et verberat auras calcibus, que ipse secutus 
 
 upright and beat the air with his heels, and he following 
 
 super effusum equitem implicat que cernuus incumbit 
 
 upon the fallen rider binds Am down and falling over lies upon 
 
 armo ejecto, que Troes que Latini incendunt coelum 
 
 kis shoulder projecting, and the Trojans and Latins rend the skjr 
 
 clamore. ^Eneas advolat que -eripit ensem vagina 1 , 
 
 with their cry. /Eneas flies and snatches his sword from his sheath, 
 
 et super haec: Ubi nunc acer Mezentius, et Hla 
 
 and over him says these things: Where now brave Mezentius, and that 
 
 effera vis animi? Contra, Tyrrhenus ut suspiciens 
 
 savage violence of mind? On the other hand, the Tuscan as beholding 
 
 ccelum hausit auras, que recepit mentem; A mare 
 
 the aky he breathes the air, and recovers his understanding says; O cruel
 
 312 900 
 
 hostis, quid mcrepitas et roinaris mortem? nulJum 
 
 enemy, why do you rebuke and threaten death? there is no 
 
 nefas in caede, nee sic veni ad proelia, nee meus 
 
 crime in my destruction, nor thus have I come to battle, nor did my 
 
 Lausus pepigit mihi haec foedera tecum. Oro hoc 
 
 ton Lausus negotiate forme these treaties with you. I pray this 
 
 unum per, si qua venia est victis hostibus, patiare 
 
 one thing by tltit, if any indulgence is to vanquished foes, suffer 
 
 corpus tegi humo. Scio acerba odia rueorum 
 
 my body to be covered in the earth. I know the bitter hatred of my subjects 
 
 circurnstare; oro defende hunc furorem et concede me 
 
 surrounds me; I pray you prevent this madness and yield me 
 
 consortem sepulcro nati. Loquitur haec que baud 
 
 a companion to the tomb of my son. He speaks those things and hot 
 
 inscius accipit ensem jugulo que diflundit animam 
 
 ignorant he receives the sword in his throat and pours out his soul 
 
 cruore undanti in arma 
 
 blood flowing over his arms. 
 
 BOOK ELEVENTH, 
 
 INTEREA Aurora surgens rehquit Oceanum. 
 
 IN the meantime Aurora rising left the ocean. ^ncas, 
 
 victor, solvebat vota Defim primo Eoo, quanquam curan 
 
 victorious, paid the vows of the Gods at the first dawn, although cares 
 
 precipitant dare tempus socios humandis, que mens 
 
 urge Aim to bestow his time on his companions to be buried, and his mind 
 
 est turbata funere. Constituit ingentem quercum tumulo, 
 
 is disturbed by the funeral. He placed a great oak on a mound, 
 
 ramis decisis undique, que induit fulgentia arma, 
 
 its branches being cut off on each side, and placed upon it shining arms, 
 
 exuvias duels Mezentii: tropaeum tibi, magne 
 
 the spoils of the leader Mezentius: atrophy tothee Ogreat 
 
 Bellipotens! aptat cristas rorantes sanguine, que trunca 
 
 God powerful in war! he fits his crests dripping with blood, and the broken 
 
 tela viri, et thoraca petitum que perfossum bis sex 
 
 dans of the hero, and the breast plate indented and pierced in twice six 
 
 locis; que subligat clypeum ex aere sinistrae, atque 
 
 p'.urcs; and be binds a shield of brass to his left hand, and
 
 313 11 
 
 suspendit eburnum ensem collo. Turn hortatur 
 
 suspends hia ivory sword from his neck. Then he exhorts 
 
 socios ovantes (namque omnis turba ducum stipata 
 
 Ai's companions rejoicing (for all the band of leaders crowding 
 
 tegebat eum) incipiens sic: Viri, maxima res eflecta: 
 
 surround him) beginning thus: Heroes, our greatest work is accomplished: 
 
 omnis timor abesto. Quod superest; haec sunt spolia ot 
 
 let all fear depart. What remains; these are the spoils and 
 
 primitise de superbo rege; que hie est Mezentius meis 
 
 first fruits from this proud king; and here is Mezentius in my 
 
 manibus. Nunc est nobis iter ad regem que Latinos 
 
 hands. Now there is to us a way to the king and the Latin 
 
 muros; parate arma et praesumite bellum animis, et 
 
 walls; prepare arms and anticipate the war in your minds, and 
 
 spe, ne qua mora impediat ignaros que sententia 
 
 hope, lest any delay should hinder you unprepared and wavering resolution 
 
 tardet segnes metu; ubi primum Superi annuerint 
 
 retard you 'slothful through fear; when first the Gods have consented 
 
 vellere signa que educere pubem castris. 
 
 to tear up the standard and to lead out the youth from the camps, 
 
 Interea mandemus socios que inhumata 
 
 In the meantime let us commit our companions and their un buried 
 
 corpora terrae; qui est solus honos sub imo Acheronte. 
 
 bodies to the earth; which is the only honour in the lowest Acheron. 
 
 Ait, ite, decorate egregias animas, quae peperere 
 
 He says, go, honour the illustrious souls, who have obtained 
 
 hanc patriam nobis suo sanguine, sapremis muneribus; 
 
 this country for us with their blood, with their last offices} 
 
 que Pallas quern non egentem virtutis atra dies abstulit, 
 
 and Pallas whom not destitute of courage cruel time has borne off, 
 
 et mersit acerbo funere, primus mittatur ad mcestam 
 
 and plunged in bitter death, first let him be sent to the mournful 
 
 urbem Evandri. Sic ait illacrymans, que recepit gressum 
 
 city of Evander. Thus he says weeping, and withdraws his step 
 
 ad limina, ubi senior Acaetes servabat positum corpus 
 
 to the gates, where the old Acictes guarded the laid out body 
 
 exanimi Pallantis; qui fuit ante armiger Parrhasia 
 
 of the lifeless Pallas; who had been formerly the armour-bearer to Parrhasian 
 
 Evandro, sed turn ibat datus comes caro alumno non 
 
 Evander, but then he went an allotted companion to hi$ dear foster child not 
 
 auspiciis seque felicibus. Omnes circum, que manus 
 
 with auspices equally happy. All collect around the body, both the band 
 
 famulfim que Trqjana turba, ( et mcestse Iliades 
 
 of servants and the Trojan crowd, and mournful Trojan matrons 
 
 solutsB crinem de more. Vero ut ./Eneas 
 
 dishevelling their hair according to their manner. But as soon as -Eneas 
 
 intulit sese altis foribus tollunt ingentem gemitum 
 
 presented himself at the lofty gates they raise a great groan
 
 314 36 
 
 ad sidera, pectoribus tunsis que regia immugit 
 
 o (be stars, their breasts being beaten and the palace resounds 
 
 moesto luctu. Ut ipse vidit fultum caput, et 
 
 with mournful grief. At be beheld the supported head, and 
 
 ora hivei Pallantis que patens vulnus Ausoniae 
 
 countenance of pale Pallas and the opening wound of the Ausoman 
 
 cuspidis in levi pectore, ita fatur lacrymis obortis; 
 
 spear in AJJ smooth breast, thus he speaks his tears bursting forth; 
 
 inquit puer miserande, ne Fortuna cum veniret 
 
 says he O boy to be pitied, could Fortune when she approached 
 
 heta invidit te mini, ne videres nostra regna neque 
 
 joyful envy you to me, that you should not see my kingdom nor 
 
 veherere victor ad paternas sedes; discedens, 
 
 be borne a conqueror to your father's seats; I departing, 
 
 non dederam haec promissa parent! Evandro de te, 
 
 did not give these promises to your father Evander concerning you, 
 
 cum complexus me euntem, mitteret in magnum 
 
 when embracing me going, he seat me against a great 
 
 imperium, que metucns moneret, esse acres viros 
 
 empire, and fearing admonished me, that they were brave men 
 
 prcclia, cum dura" gente. Et nunc quidem 
 
 i neon test, that vie must cngagt with a hardy race. And now indeed 
 
 ille multum captus inani spe, fors et facit vota 
 
 he much overcome with vain hope, perhaps even noiomakes AisVows 
 
 que cumulat altaria donis; nos mcesti comitamur juvenem 
 
 and loads the altars with gifts; we mournful accompany the youth 
 
 exanimum, et jam debentem nil ullis ccelestibus, 
 
 deprived of life, and now owing nothing to any of the heavenly powers, 
 
 vano honore. Infelix videbis crudele funus 
 
 of vain respect. Wretched father you shall behold the sad funeral 
 
 nati. Hi nostri reditus, que expectati triumphi? haec 
 
 of your son. Are these our returns, and our expected triumphs? is this 
 
 mea magna fides? At Evandre non aspicies pulsum 
 
 my great confidence? But O Evander you shall not see him beaten 
 
 vulneribus pudendis; nee pater optabis dirum 
 
 with wounds to be ashamed of; nor a father shall you desire accursed 
 
 funus nato sospite. Hei mihi! quantum 
 
 death yourself your son, disgracefully being saved. Alas met how gt tat 
 
 praesidium Ausonia perdis et quantum tu 
 
 a safeguard O Ausonia you lose and how great protection have you lost 
 
 liile. Ubi deflevit haec, imperat miserabile 
 
 O lulus. When he had bewailed in these terms he commands the lamented 
 
 corpus tolli, et mittit mille viros lectos ex 
 
 corpse to be borne off, and he sends a thousand men selected from 
 
 toto agmine, qui comitentur supremum honorem, que 
 
 the whole army, who accompany the last honour, and 
 
 intersint lacrymis patris; exigua solatia ingentis luctus, 
 
 be present to the tears of his father; trifling consolatiou of great grief
 
 315 64 
 
 ea debita misero patri. Alii baud segnes texunt 
 
 but due to an unhappy father. 'Others not slothful interweave 
 
 crates et molle pheretrum arbuteis virgis et querno 
 
 hurdles a*d a light bier of arbute rods and oaken 
 
 Vimine, que inumbrant exstructos toros obtentu 
 
 vine, and they overshadow the high-raised couch with a covering 
 
 frondis. Hie ponunt juvenem sublimem in agresti 
 
 of leaves. Here they place the youth high on his rustic 
 
 stramine qualem florem seu mollis violae, seu languentis 
 
 bed as a flower either of the soft violet, or the drooping 
 
 hyaciathi, demessum virgineo pollice, cui que 
 
 hyacinth, plucked by a virgin's thumb, from which also 
 
 ne fulgor adhuc, necdura sua forma recessit; jam 
 
 neither brightness asyet, nor itsown beauty has departed; now 
 
 mater tellus non alit, que ministrat vires. Turn ^Eneas 
 
 its mother earth does not feed it, and supply strength. Then /Eneas 
 
 extulit geminas vestes, rigentes que auro que ostro, 
 
 brought out two vests, stiff both with gold and purple, 
 
 quas Sidonia Dido ipsa laeta laborum, quondam fecerat 
 
 which Sidonian Dido herself rejoicing in the labour, formerly had made 
 
 illi suis manibus, et discreverat telas tenui auro. 
 
 for him with her own bands, and had separated the web by slender gold. 
 
 Moestus induit unam harum juveni supremufn honorem 
 
 Mournful he put on one of these to the youth his last honour 
 
 que obnubit comas assuras amictu. Que praeterea 
 
 and shrouds Ais hair about to be burnt in a veil. And besides 
 
 aggerat multa preemia Laurentis pugnse, et jubet 
 
 he adds many prizes of the Laurentian battle, and commands 
 
 praedam duci longo ordine. Addit equos et tela 
 
 the plunder to be brought out in long array. He adds horses and darts 
 
 quibus spoliaverat hostem. Et vinxerat manus 
 
 of which he had stripped the enemy. And bound the hands of those 
 
 post terga, quos mitteret inferias umbris, 
 
 behind their backs, whom he would send as funeral offerings to his shade, 
 
 eparsuros flammam . caeso sanguine; que jubet 
 
 about to sprinkle the .funeral flame with slaughtered blood; and commands 
 
 duces ipsos ferre truncos indutos hostilibus armis, 
 
 the chiefs themselves to bear trunks of trees covered with hostile arms, 
 
 qne inimica nomina figi. Infelix Accetes 
 
 and their hostile names to be marked upon them. Wretched Acreiea 
 
 coiifectus asvo ducitur fcedans nunc pectora pugnis 
 
 worn down by age is led out disfiguring now his breast with Ais fists 
 
 nunc ora unguibus et sternitur terras projectus 
 
 now Ais face with Ai nails and he is thrown on the earth extended 
 
 toto corpore. Et ducunt currus perfusos Rutulo 
 
 with Ats whole body. And they lead out chariots bathed withRutulian 
 
 *-uagume. Post ^Ethon bellator equus it lacrymans 
 
 .'iod Next &thon Ais warrior horse goes weeping
 
 316 69 
 
 insignibus positis <\ue humectat ora grandibu* 
 
 his trappings being laid aside arid he moistens his face with heavy 
 
 guttis. Alii ferunt hastam que galeam; nam Turnus 
 
 drops of tears. Others bear his spear and helmel; for Turnm 
 
 victor habet caetera. Turn mcesta phalanx que 
 
 victorious possesses the rest. Then the mourning band both 
 
 Teucri que Tyrrheni duces et Arcades armis versis 
 
 the Trojan and Tuscan leaders and the Arcadians with arms reversed 
 
 sequuntur. Postquam omnis ordo comitum praecesserat 
 
 follow. After the whole band of companions had advanced 
 
 longe, ./Eneas substitit que addidit haec alto gemitu. 
 
 far JEneas stopt and added these words with a deep groan: 
 
 Eadem horridafata belli vocant nos hinc ad alias lacrymas. 
 
 The same dreadful fates of war call us bence to other griefs. 
 
 Salve aeternum maxime Palla que vale seternum. 
 
 Farewell forever most noble Pallas and farewell forever. 
 
 Nec affatus plura, tendebat ad altos muros que ferebat 
 
 Nor speaking more, he marched to the lofty walls and withdrew 
 
 gressum in castra. Que jam oratores aderant ex Latin S. 
 
 ki step to the camps. And now orators had come from the Latin 
 
 urbe, velati ramis oleae que rogantes veniam; 
 
 city, crowned with branches of the olive and entreating favour; 
 
 redderet corpora qua? jacebant fusa ferro 
 
 that he would give up the bodies which lay scattered by the sword 
 
 per campos; ac sineret succedere tumulo terrae; 
 
 through the plains; and would permit them to be placed in a tomb of earth; 
 
 nullum certamen cum victis, et cassis sethere; 
 
 that there is no contest with the conquered, and those deprived of life; 
 
 parceret quondam vocatis hospitibus, que soceris. 
 
 that lie would spare those formerly called guests, and associates. 
 
 Quos precantes baud aspernanda bonus ^Eneas 
 
 To whom asking these favours not to be despised good .(Eneas 
 
 prosequitur venia. et insuper addit haec verbis: 
 
 answers with kindness and moreover adds these to his words: 
 
 Latini, quaenam indigna fortuna implicuit vos tanto 
 
 Ye Latins, what unworthy fortune has entangled you so great 
 
 bello, qui fugiatis nos amicos. Ne oratis pacem exanimis 
 
 a war. who shun us your friends. Do you ask peace for the dead 
 
 et peremptis sorte Martis? equidem vellem concedere 
 
 and those destroyed by the lot of war? indeed I would wish to yield it 
 
 et vivis. Nec veni nisi Fata dedissent locum que 
 
 also to the living. Nor had I come unless the fates had granted a place and 
 
 sederr nee gero bellum cum gente. Rex 
 
 ettlement to me. nor do I wage war with the nation. Your king 
 
 reliquit nostra hospitia et potius credidit se 
 
 has abandoned our friendship and in preference has trusted himself 
 
 armis Turni. Fuerat ccqius Turnum opponere se 
 
 o the armsof Turnis It had been more just for Turn us to oppose himte'J
 
 317 110 
 
 huic mortL Si apparat finere bellum manu, si 
 
 to tins death. If he prepares to terminate the war with his hand, if heintendt 
 
 pellere Teucros, decuit concurrere his telis mecum 
 
 to drive out the Trojans, it became Aim to engage with these weapons with me. 
 
 Vixisset cui Deus aut sua dextra dedisset 
 
 He would have lived to whom God or his own right hand should have given 
 
 vitam. Nunc ite et supponite ignem, .miseris 
 
 life. Now go and apply the fire to your wretched 
 
 civibus. ./Eneas dixerat. Olli silentes obstupuere, que 
 
 countrymen ^Encas said. They silent stood amaz'd, and 
 
 conversi tenebant oculos atque ora inter se. 
 
 turning held their eyes and their faces towards each other 
 
 Turn senior Drances infensus juveni Turno, odiis 
 
 Then the aged Drances hostile to the youth Turnus, in hatred 
 
 et crimine, sic vicissim refert orsa, ore; 
 
 and crimination, thus in turn returns these words, with his mouth; 
 
 O Trojane vir ingens fama", ingentior armis, quibus 
 
 O Trojan hero great in fame, greater in arms, by what 
 
 laudibus, aequem te coelo? ne prius mirer 
 
 praises, shall I equal you to heaven? whether first shall I admire thy 
 
 justitiae, ne laborum belli? Verb nos grati referemus 
 
 justice, or the labours of the war? But we grateful will bear back 
 
 hsec ad patriam urbem; et, si qua fortuna dederit 
 
 these things to our native city; and, if any fortune shall give 
 
 viam, jungemus te regi Latino. Turnus quaerat 
 
 a way. we will unite thee to king Latinus. Let Turnus seek out 
 
 Soedera sibi. Quin et juvabit attollere falales 
 
 treaties for himself. But even it will delight us to raise up the fate decreed 
 
 moles murorum, que subvectare Trojana saxa 
 
 masses of your walls, and to uplift Trojan rocks 
 
 humeris. Dixerat haec, que omnes fremebant 
 
 on our shoulders. He said these things, and all murmured 
 
 uno ore eadem. Pepigere bis senos dies; et 
 
 with one mouth the same. They bargained peace for twice six days; and 
 
 pace sequestrd, Teucri que Latini misti erravere impune 
 
 a truce intervening, the Trojans and the Latins mingling wandered unliarm'd 
 
 per sylvas jugis. Fraxinus sonat icta ferro 
 
 through the woods on the mountains. The ash sounds struck with the iron 
 
 bipenni; evertunt pinus actas ad sidera, nee cessant 
 
 axe; they overturn pines rais'd to the stars, nor do they cease 
 
 scindere cuneis robora et olentum cedrum, nee vectare 
 
 to cleave with wedges the oak and fragrant cedar, nor to bear off 
 
 ornos gementibus plaustris. Et jam fama volans, 
 
 the mountain ashes in groaning wagons. And now fame flying, 
 
 prsenuncia tanti luctus, complet Evandrum que domos 
 
 a forerunner of great grief, fills Evander and the house 
 
 Evandri, et msenia; quae modo ferebat Latio Pallanta 
 
 ofEvannVr. and the city: which now bnre to Latuni that Pallas
 
 318 . H2 
 
 victorem. Arcades mere ad portas, et rapuere 
 
 was victorious. The Arcadians rushed to the calea, and smcd 
 
 funereas fasces de vetusto more. Via Jucel 
 
 the funeral torches according to the ancient manner. The way chinos 
 
 longo ordine flammarum et discriminat agros laf<j. 
 
 with a long train of flames and marks out the fields far around. 
 
 Contra turba Phrygum veniens jungit plangentia 
 
 On the other hand a crowd of Trojans approaching joins the mourning 
 
 agmina: quae postquam matres viderunt succedere tectis, 
 
 troops: which after the mothers' saw to enter the palace. 
 
 incendunt maestam urbem clamoribus. At non ulla vis 
 
 they inflame the mournful city with cries. But not any force 
 
 est potis tenere Evandrum, sed venit in medios. Feretro 
 
 Is able to restrain Evander, but he comes into the midst. The bier 
 
 reposito, procumbit super Pallanta, atque haeret 
 
 being set down, he falls upon Pallas, and hangs to him 
 
 que lacrymans que gemens; et vix tandem via laxata est 
 
 both weeping and groaning; and hardly at last away is opened 
 
 voci dolore: O Palla non dederas hoec 
 
 to Ai voice for grief; O Pallas you had not given these 
 
 promissa parent!, ut velles credere te cautius 
 
 promises to your parent, that you would trust yourself more cautiously 
 
 S83VO Marti. Haud eram ignarus, quantum nova gloria 
 
 to cruel war. Neither was I ignorant, how much new fame 
 
 in armis posset, et prsedulce decus primo certamine. 
 
 in arms can do. and very pleasant glory in a first contest. 
 
 Miseras primitiae juvenis, que dura rudimenta propinqui 
 
 O wretched first fruits of youth, and cruel first lessons of approaching 
 
 belli! et vota exaudita nulli Deorum, que meas preces! 
 
 war! and vows heard by no one of the Gods, and my prayer.-! 
 
 que tu O sanctissima conjux, felix tu morte, neque 
 
 and thou O mo-it holy wife, happy in thy death, not 
 
 servata in hunc dolore m! Contra ego vici mea 
 
 reserved for this wretchedness! On the contrary 1 have conquered my own 
 
 fata vivendo, ut genitor restarem superstes. Rutuli 
 
 fates by living, that a father I should remain surviving. The Rutuliaiis 
 
 obruerunt telis, secutum socia arma 
 
 should have crushed me with their weapons, following associated arum 
 
 Troum; ipse dedissem animam, atque haec pompa 
 
 of the Trojans: 1 should have surrendered my life, and this pomp 
 
 referret me non Pallanta, domum. Ne arguerim vos 
 
 should have borne me not Pallas, home. Nor might I have accused you 
 
 Teucri nee faedera, nee dextras quas junximus 
 
 O Trojans nor your treaties, nor the right hand which we have united 
 
 hospitio: ista sors erat debita nostrae senectae. Quod si 
 
 in friendship: this fate was destined to my old age. But it 
 
 immatura mors manebat natum, juvabit cecidisse 
 
 untimely death remained to my son, it will delight me that he fell
 
 319 169 
 
 ducentem Teucros in Latium, millibus Volscorum caesis 
 
 leading the Trojans into Latium, thousands of the Volscians being slain 
 
 Mite. Quin ego non dignor te Palla, alio funere quam 
 
 Irst. Bat I will not honour you O Pallas, with any other funeral than 
 
 pius ^Eneas, et quam magni Phryges, que quam Tyrrheni 
 
 pious jtneas, and than the heroic Trojans, and than the Tuscan 
 
 duces et omnis exercitus Tyrrhenum. Ferunt 
 
 leaders and all the army of the Tuscans have prepared. They beat 
 
 magna troephea quos tua dextera dat letho. Tu 
 
 great trophies from those whom thy right hand gives to death. You 
 
 quoque Turne, nunc stares immanis truncus in < 
 
 also O Turnus, now should have stood a huge trunk in ' 
 
 armis, si esset par aetas, et idem robur ab annis. 
 
 arms, if there had been equal age, and the same strength from my years. 
 
 Sed quid infelix demoror Teucros ab armis? vadite, et 
 
 But why unhappy do I withhold the Trojans from arms? march, and 
 
 memores , referte base mandata regi: quod moror 
 
 mindful bear back these commands to your king; that if I drag out 
 
 mvisam vitam, Pallante perempto, tua dextera est causa; 
 
 a hated life, Pallas being slain, thy right hand is the cause; 
 
 quam vides debere Turnum que nato que patri 
 
 which you see owes Turnus both to the son and to the father 
 
 mentis. Hie locus solus vacat tibi que fortunae. Non 
 
 by its deserts. This method alone is open to you and fortune. I do not 
 
 quaero guadia vitas, nee fas; sed perferre sub 
 
 ask the joys of life, nor is it right f should; but to bear this to 
 
 imos Manes nato. 
 
 the lowest shades to my son. 
 
 Interea Aurora extulerat almam lucem miseris 
 
 In the mean time the morning had introduced the cheering liyht to wretched 
 
 mortalibus, referens opera atque labores. Jam pater ^Eneas 
 
 mortals, renewing their works and labours. Now father ^Eneas, 
 
 jam Tarchon, constituere pyras in curvo litore. Hue 
 
 now Tarchon, built up funeral piles on the winding shore. Hither 
 
 tulere corpora suorum, quisque more patrum; 
 
 they bore the bodies of their friends, each one in the manner of his fathers: 
 
 que atris ignibus subjectis, altum aclum conditur in 
 
 and black fires being applied, the lofty sky is hid in 
 
 tenebras caligine. Cincti fulgentibus armis decurrere ter 
 
 darkness by the smoke. Arrayed in shining arms ran thrice 
 
 circum accensos rogos; ter lustravere masstum 
 
 around the burning funeral piles; thrice they surrounded the mournful 
 
 iguen funeris in equis que dedere ulutatus ore. 
 
 nre of the funeral on horses and uttered waitings with their mouths. 
 
 Et tellus spargitur lacrymis, et arma sparguntur 
 
 And the earth is sprinkled with their tears, and their arms are bedewcj 
 
 Que clamor virum que clangor tubarum it ccelo. Hinc 
 
 And the cry of men and the blast of tlie trumpet? goes to the sky. Hence
 
 320 104 
 
 alii conjiciunt igni spolia direpta occisis Latinis, 
 
 others hur. /nto the fire spoils torn from the slain Latins, 
 
 galeas que decoros enses, que frsena, que ferventes 
 
 helmets unu decorated swords, and bridles, and glowing chariot 
 
 rotas; pars munera nota, clypeos ipsorum, ct tela non 
 
 wheels; part gifts well known, shields of their own, and darts not 
 
 felicia. Multa corpora botim circa mactantur morti; que 
 
 fortunate. Many bodies of oxen around are sacrificed todeath; and 
 
 jungulant setigeros sues, que pecudes raptas ex omnibus 
 
 tlicy butcher bristly swine, and sheep snatched from all 
 
 agris in flammam: turn toto litore spectant ardentes 
 
 the fields in the flame: then along the whole shore they behold their burning 
 
 socios, que servant semusta busta; neque possunt 
 
 companions, and guard the half burnt funeral piles; nor can they 
 
 avelli, donee humida nox invertit coelum aptum 
 
 be torn away until moist night turns round tbe sky studded 
 
 fulgentibus stellis; nee minus et miseri Latini struxere 
 
 with glittering stars; nevertheless also the wretched Latins raised 
 
 pyras in diversd parte; et partim infodiunt multa corpora 
 
 funeral piles in a different part; and partly they bury many bodies 
 
 virfim terrae; que partim tollunt avecta in finitimos 
 
 ofniea in the earth; and partly they carry them borne off into the neighbouring 
 
 agros, que remittunt urbi. Cremant ccetera, que 
 
 fields, and send them back to the city. They burn tbe others, and 
 
 ingentem acervum confusae caedis, nee numero nee 
 
 a great pile of mingled slaughter, without number or 
 
 honore; tune undique vasti agri collucent certatim 
 
 honour; then on every side the extensive fields shine in rival splendor 
 
 crebris ignibus. Tertia lux dimoverat gelidam umbram 
 
 with frequent fires. The third day had removed the cold shade 
 
 ccelo; mo3rentes ruebant altum cinerem et ossa 
 
 from the sky, mournful they piled up the deep asbes and the bones 
 
 confusa focis, que onerabant tepido aggere terrae. 
 
 intermingled in the fires, and they loaded them with a warm mound of earth. 
 
 Jam vero praecipuus fragor, et longe maxima pars luctus 
 
 Now indeed the chief noise, and far thegreatest parlof themourningar* 
 
 in urbe, tectis praedivitis Latini. Hie matres, que 
 
 in the city, and palace of the rich Latinus. Here the mothers, and 
 
 xniserae nurus, hie cara pectora mcerentum sororum, 
 
 wretched daughters-in-law, here the fond breasts of mourning sisters, 
 
 que pueri orbi parentibus, exsecrantur dirum bellum, 
 
 and boys deprived of their parents, curse tbe dreadful war, 
 
 que hymenaeos Tumi; jubent ipsum armis, que ipsum 
 
 and the nuptials of Turnus; they command him by arms, and himself 
 
 ferro, decernere qui poscat regnum Italiae el 
 
 by the sword, to conclude the tear who demands the kingdom ofjtaly and 
 
 priroos honores sibi. Sasvus Drances ingravat base, que 
 
 tile first honours for himself. Furious Drances aggravates these, and
 
 321 22 
 
 testator Turnum solum vocari, solum posci in certamina 
 
 testifies that Turnus alone is called, alone demanded for the contest 
 
 Contra multa sententia simul variis dictis pro 
 
 On the other hand a general sentiment at the same time in various words for 
 
 Turno, et magnum nomen reginae obumbrat; multa 
 
 Turnus, arid the great name of the queen overshadows Aim; his extensive 
 
 fama sustentat virum meritis tropseis. Inter hos motus, 
 
 fame sustains the hero by merited trophies. Among these commotions, 
 
 in medio tumultu flagrante, ecce super moesti legati 
 
 in the midst of the tumult raging, lo moreover mournful delegate 
 
 ferunt responsa ab magna urbe Diomedis; nihil actum 
 
 bear replies from the great city ofDiomede; that nothing was done 
 
 omnibus impensis tantorum operum; dona nil, nee 
 
 by all the ex pe use of so great labours; that gifts availed nothing, nor 
 
 aurum, nee magnas preces valuisse; alia arma quaerenda 
 
 gold, nor did great entreaties prevail; other arms were to be sought 
 
 Latin is aut pacem petendam ab Trojano rege. Rex 
 
 by C.e Latins or peace was to be sought from the Trojan king. King 
 
 Latinus ipse deficit ingenti luctu. 
 
 Latinus himself faints with great grief. 
 
 Ira Deum admonet, que recentes tumuli ante 
 
 The anger of the Gods admonishes Aim, and the newly-made graves before 
 
 ora fatalem ^Enean ferri manifesto numine. 
 
 \is face admonish that fated .Eneas is led on by a manifest deity. 
 
 Ergo cogit magnum concilium que primes suorum* 
 
 Therefore he collects a great council and the chiefs of A is friends 
 
 accitos imperio intra alta limina. Olli convenere que 
 
 railed by his command within the lofty palace. They assemble and 
 
 fluunt ad regia tecta plenis viis. Latinus sedet 
 
 rush, to the royal palace through the crowded ways. Latinus sita 
 
 in mediis et maximus aevo et primus sceptris, baud 
 
 in the midst both greatest in age and first in power, not 
 
 Isetd fronte. Atque hie jubet legatos remissos 
 
 with happy front. And here he commands ambassadors sent back 
 
 ex JEtolS. urbe fari quse referant, et reposcit 
 
 from the ^Etolian city . to tell what they might have brought, and he demands 
 
 cuncta responsa suo ordine. Tune silentia facta 
 
 all their answers in their order. Then silence was made 
 
 linguis, et Venulus parens dicto infit farier ita: 
 
 to their tongues, and Venulus obeying his command begins to speak thus: 
 
 O cives, vidimus Diomedem que Argiva castra, 
 
 O my countrymen, we have seen Diomcde and the Grecian camps, 
 
 atque emensi iter superavimus omnes casus, 
 
 and having measured our way we have surmounted all misfortunes, 
 
 que contigimus manum qua" Ilia tellus concidit. Ille 
 
 and we have touched the hand by which the Trojan land fell. He 
 
 victor condebat urbem Argyripam cognomine patri 
 
 victorious built up the ity Arpyripa with the name of hi$ native
 
 322 2J7 
 
 gcntis ar\ is Gargani Japygis. Postquain mtrogressi 
 
 nee ici the lumiury of Gdrganian Japyi. After we bad been introduced 
 
 et copia fandi coram data, praeferimus munera; 
 
 and leave of speaking before tA prince wag given, we first offer our gifts, 
 
 docemus nomen que patriam; qui intulerint bellum, quie 
 
 we announce our name and country; who had conducted the war, what 
 
 causa attraxerit Arpos. Auditis ille reddidit haec 
 
 cause had drawn us to Arpos. Being heard he uttered these words 
 
 placido ore: O fortunatae gentes, Saturnia regna, 
 
 from his placid mouth: O happy nations, Saturnian kingdoms, 
 
 antiqui Ausonii, qua3 fortuna solicitat vos quielos que 
 
 ancient Ausonians, what fortune disturbs you at rest and 
 
 suadet lacessere ignota bella. Quicunque violavimus 
 
 persuades you to provoke unknown wars. Whoever of us have violated 
 
 Iliacos agros ferro (mitto quae 
 
 the Trojan territories with the sword (I omit those things which ieer 
 
 exhausta bellando sub altis muris; quos viros ille 
 
 sustained to the utmost in fighting under the lofty walls; those heroes that 
 
 Simois premat) expendimus infanda eupplicia 
 
 Simois overwhelmed) we have endured unspeakable punishments 
 
 per orbem et omnes poenas scelerum; manus 
 
 through the globe and all the penalties of our crimes; a baud 
 
 miseranda vel Priamo. Triste sidus Minervae scit 
 
 to be pitied even by Priam. The mournful star of Minerva knows 
 
 *et Euboicae cautes que ultor Caphareus, Adacti ex 
 
 and the Euboian cliffs and the avenger Capbareus. Driven from 
 
 illS. militi& ad diversum litus, Menelaus Atrides exulat 
 
 that war to a different shore, Menelaus the son of Atreus goes to exile 
 
 usque ad columnas Protei. Ulysses vidit JElnasos Cyclopas. 
 
 even at the columns of Proteus. Ulysses saw the ^Etnean Cyclops. 
 
 Referam regna Neoptolemi que Penates versos 
 
 Shall I relate the kingdoms of Neopiolcmus and household Gods overturned 
 
 Idomenei? ne Locros habitautes Libyco litore? Mycenacus 
 
 of Idomeneua? or the Locri 'inhabiting the Lybian shore? the Mycensan 
 
 ductor magnorum Achivorum ipse oppetiit intra prima 
 
 leader of the mighty Greeks himself fell within his first 
 
 limina dextrd infanda? conjugis; adulter subsedit 
 
 gates by the right hand of his cruel wife; the adulterer settled down 
 
 Asiam devictam: Deos invidisse mihi ut redditus patriis 
 
 in Asia subdued: The Gods had envied me that returned to my native 
 
 aris viderem optatum conjugium et pulchram 
 
 altars I might see my beloved wife and beauteout 
 
 Calydona. Nunc etiam portenta horribili visu sequuntur 
 
 Calydon. Now also portents of horrible vision. follow mt 
 
 et socii amissi petierunt aethera pennis; aves 
 
 and my companions lost have sought the skies on wings; as birds 
 
 vagantur fluminibus (.heu dira supplicia meorum) 
 
 they wander about the stream* (alas! dreadful punishments of my friend*)
 
 323 274 
 
 et implent scopulos lacrymosis vocibus. Adeo jam 
 
 and they fill the rocks with tearful cries. Thus now 
 
 hsec fuerunt speranda mihi ex illo tempore cum 
 
 these things have been expected by me from that time when 
 
 demens appetii ccelestia corpora ferro, et violavi 
 
 mad I attacked heavenly bodies with the sword, and violated 
 
 dextram Veneris vulnere. Ne vero, ne impellite 
 
 the right hand of Venus by a wound. Do not indeed, do not drivo 
 
 me ad tales pugnas, nee mihi ullum bellum cum 
 
 me to such contests, nor to me let there be any war with 
 
 Teucris post Pergama eruta; nee memini, ve 
 
 the Trojans since the Trojan city is overthrown; nor have I remembered, or 
 
 Isetor veterum malorum. Vertite munera ad 
 
 do I rejoice in their former misfortunes. Return your presents to 
 
 ^Snean quse potastis ab patriis oris ad me. Stetimus 
 
 -rEneas which you have borne from your native coasts to me. We have stood 
 
 contra aspera tela que contulimus manus. 
 
 against hit cruel darts .and we have fought against his bands. 
 
 Credite experto; quantus assurgat in clypeum, quo 
 
 Give credit to an experienced man; how great he rises on his shield, with what 
 
 turbine torqueat hastam. Si Idaea terra tulisset duo 
 
 fury he hurls his spear. If the Idean land could have borne two 
 
 tales viros praeterea, Dardanus venisset ultro ad 
 
 such men besides, the Trojan had come unmolested to 
 
 Inachias urbes et Grascia lugeret fatis versis, 
 
 the Inachian cities and Greece had- mourned her fates reversed. 
 
 Quicquid cessatum est apud mosnia durse Trojae, victoria 
 
 Whatever was yielded at the walls of obstinate Troy, the victory 
 
 Graium haesit manu Hectoris que ^Eneee, et retulit 
 
 of the Greeks remained in the hand of Hector and zEneas, and restrained 
 
 vestigia in decimum annum. Ambo insignes animis, 
 
 Us footsteps to the tenth year. Both distinguished for courage, 
 
 am bo praestantibus armis; hie prior pietate. Dextrae 
 
 both for excelling arms; he first in piety. Let your right hands 
 
 coeant in fcedera, qua datur; ast cavete arma 
 
 unite in, treaties, in any way it is allowed: but beware lest arm* 
 
 concurrant armis. Optime rex regum, simul audisti 
 
 engage with arms. O most worthy king of kings, at once you have heard 
 
 et quae respon^a sint et quae sententia sit magno bello. 
 
 both what his replies are and what his opinion is of this great war. 
 
 Vix legati ea, quevariusfremorcucurrit 
 
 Hardly had the ambassadors said these words, and a varied murmuring ran 
 
 per turbata ora Ausonidum; ceu cum saxa morantur 
 
 througi the troubled mouths of the Ausonians; as when rocks block up 
 
 rapidos amnes, murmur fit gurgite clauso, que 
 
 rapi 1 rivers, a noise la made the stream being closed, and 
 
 vicinae ripae fremunt crepitantibus undis. Ut primum 
 
 Ihe neighbouring banks resound by the noisy waves. As first
 
 324 300 
 
 animi placati et trepida ora quierunt rex, 
 
 tkeir minds were apprised and their trembling mouths rested, the king. 
 
 praefatus Dives, in fit ab alto solio: equidem Latini, 
 
 iavmg first addressed the Gods, begins from his lofty throne: indeed ye La! mi 
 
 et vellem et fuerat melius statuisse ante 
 
 even I could wish and it had been better to have determined before 
 
 de summi re; non cogere concilium tali 
 
 concerning this great affair; not to assemble a council at Mich 
 
 tempore; cum hostis obsidet muros. Gives, gerimus 
 
 a tune; when the enemy besieges our walls. My countrymen, we wag* 
 
 imporlunum bellum cum gente Deorum que invictis viris 
 
 inconvenient war with a nation of the Gods and unconquered men 
 
 quos nulla prcelia fatigant, nee victi possunt absistere 
 
 whom no battles fatigue, nor vanquished can they abstain 
 
 ferro. Ponite spem, si habuistis quam in accitis 
 
 from the sword. Lay aside hope, if you have had any in the invited 
 
 armis ^Etolum; quisque sibi spes, sed videtis 
 
 arms of the Etolians; each one must be to himself a hope, but you see 
 
 quam angusta hsec. Qu ruin cetera rerum 
 
 how narrow this is. In what destruction the rest of our concerns 
 
 perculsa jaceant, omnia sunt ante oculos que inter 
 
 struck down lie prostrate, all things are before your eyes and within 
 
 vestras manus. Nee incuso quemquam; plurima virtus, 
 
 your hands. Nor do I blame any one; the greatest courage, 
 
 quae potuit esse, fuit; certatum est toto 
 
 which could be, has been; (Acrehas been contending with the wholo 
 
 corpore regni. Adeo nunc expediam quae sententia 
 
 body of the kingdom. Thus now t will unfold what sentiment 
 
 sit dubiae menti; et docebo paucis (adhibete animos.) 
 
 is in my doubtful mind: and I will leach in few words (lend me your attention.) 
 
 Est mihi antiquus ager proximus Tusco amni, 
 
 There is to me an ancient territory near to the Tuscan river, 
 
 longus in occasum, usque super Sicanos fines; Arunci 
 
 far to the west, even beyond the Sicanian limits; the Aruncians 
 
 que Rutuli serunt, et exercent duros colles 
 
 and Rutulians EOW it, and they work the hard hills 
 
 vomere, atque asperrima horum pascunt. Omnis 
 
 with the plough share, and the roughest parti of these they pasture. All 
 
 hacc regio, et pinea p)aga celsi mentis cedat amicitix 
 
 this region, and pine tract of the lofty mountain shall yield to the friendship 
 
 Tcucrorum, et dicamus aequas leges fcederis, que 
 
 of the Trojans, and let us declare equal conditions of compact, and 
 
 vocemus socios in regna. Considant, si 
 
 let us invite them as allies to our kingdoms. Let them settle down, if Mere is 
 
 tantus amor, et condant mcenia. Sin eat animun 
 
 o great desire, and let them build towns. But if tfor* ia a disposition
 
 324 
 
 alios fines que aliam gentem, que possun* 
 
 to possess other limits and another nation, and they can 
 
 decedere nostro solo, texamus bis denas naves Italo 
 
 withdraw from our soil, let us build twice ten ships of Italian 
 
 robore, seu plures, valent complere; omnis materies 
 
 wood, or more, if they are able to fill ikem; all the materials 
 
 jacet ad undam; ipsi praecipiunt que numerum que 
 
 lie by the water; they may prescribe both the number and 
 
 modum carinis; nos demus aera, manus, navalia. 
 
 the fashion of the ships; we will give brass, bands, naval stores. 
 
 Prasterea placet centum Latinos oratores de primd 
 
 Besides it is our desire that an hundred Latin orators from the first 
 
 gente ire, qui ferant dicta et firment fcedera, que 
 
 of the nation go, who may bear our words and confirm- our treaties, and 
 
 praetendere ramos pacis manu, que- portantes munera 
 
 holdout branches of peace in tAeir hand, and bearing present* 
 
 eboris que talenta aun et sellam que trabeam, 
 
 of ivory and talents of gold and the chair of office and . rube, 
 
 insignia nostri regni. Consultite in medium succurrite 
 
 the- ensigns of our authority. Consult for our common interest, relieve 
 
 fessis rebus. 
 
 our distressed affairs. 
 
 Turn Drances infensus, (idem quern gloria Tumi 
 
 Then Drances hostile (the same whom the glftry of Turnus 
 
 agitabat obliqu<l invidii, que amaris stimulis largus 
 
 aroused with oblique envy, and with bitter goads abounding 
 
 opum et melior lingud, sed dextera frigida bello 
 
 in wealth and better in language, but his right hand was cold in war 
 
 habitus non futilis auctor consiliis, potens seditione; 
 
 esteemed not a useless adviser in councils, powerful in sedition; 
 
 materna nobilitas dabat huic superbum genus, ferebat 
 
 his maternal nobility -gave to him a proud race, be derived 
 
 incertum de patre,) surgit et onerat his dictis; 
 
 a doubtful one from his father,) rises and loads Turnus with these words; 
 
 atque aggerat iras. O bone rex consulis rem 
 
 and provokes anger against him. O kind king you consult about an afiair 
 
 obscuram nulli, nee egentem nostra vocis. Cuncti fatentur 
 
 dark to none, nor wanting my voice. All must confess 
 
 se scire quid fortuna populi ferat, sed mussant 
 
 that they know what the fortune of our people demands, but they hesitate 
 
 dicere. Det libertatem fandi que remittat flatus 
 
 to declare it. Let him grant liberty of speaking and relax his pride 
 
 ob cujus irifaustum auspicium, que sinistros mores 
 
 for whose unhappy influence, and unfortunate manners 
 
 (equidem dicam licet rninetur arma que mortem 
 
 (indeed I will speak although he should threaten arms and death 
 
 mihi) videmus lumina tot ducum cecidisse, que 
 
 to me) we see the lights of so many leaders to have gone out, and
 
 venii.ni ab ipso; cedat proprium jus regi, 
 
 favour from him; that he will yield bis own right to the king, 
 
 350 
 
 totam urbem consedisse luctu, dum tentat Troia 
 
 Ihewhole city to have act down in mourning, while be tempts the Trcjau 
 
 castra, fidens fugae et territat coelum, armis. Qptime 
 
 camps, trusting to flight and terrifie* heaven with arms. Most excellent 
 
 regum, adjicias unum ctiam unum istis donis, quaa 
 
 of kings, will you add one thing even one to these favours, which 
 
 plurima jubes mitti, que dari Dardanidis; nee 
 
 in great numbers you command to be sent, and to be given to the Trojans; nor 
 
 violentia ullius vincat te, quin pater, des 
 
 1st the violence of another overcome tltce but O father, give 
 
 natam egregio genero, que dignis hymenaeis, et 
 
 your daughter to Ms renowned son-in-law, and honourable nuptials, and 
 
 jungas hanc pacem aeterno foedere. Quod si tantus 
 
 confirm this peace by an eternal treaty. But if BO great 
 
 terror habet mentes et pectora, obtestemur ipsum, que 
 
 dread possesses your minds and souls, let us entreat him, and 
 
 oremus 
 
 let us beg 
 
 que remittat patriae. Quid projicis miseros cives 
 
 and forego it for his country. Why do you drive your wretched countrymen 
 
 toties, in aperta pericula? 6 caput et causa horum 
 
 FO often, to open. dangers? O fountain and cause of these 
 
 malorum Latio! Nulla salus bello; omnes poscimus 
 
 misfortunes to Latium! There is no safety in war; we all demand 
 
 te, Turne, pacem, simul sojum inviolabile pignus 
 
 of thee, O Turnue, peace, at the same time the only unbroken pledge 
 
 pacis. En! ego primus (quern tu fingis invisum tibi, et 
 
 of peace. Lo! I first (whom you pretend am hostile to you, and 
 
 nil moror esse) supplex venio; miserere 
 
 in no way do I hesitate to be) humbly approach you; pity 
 
 tuorum; pone animos, et pulsus abi. Fusi 
 
 your countrymen; lay aside your anger, and beaten depart. Routed 
 
 vidimus sat funera, et desolavimus ingentes agros. 
 
 we have seen enough deaths, and we have desolated extensive territories. 
 
 Aut, si fama movet, si concipis tantum robur pectore, 
 
 Or, if fame moves you, if you feel so great courage in your breast, 
 
 et si adeo dotalis regia est cordi; aude, atque fidens 
 
 and if thus a dotal palace is in your heart;, dare, and confident 
 
 fer adversum pectus in hostem. Scilicet, ut regia 
 
 bar your opposing breast against the foe. For, that a royal 
 
 Conjux contingat Turno, nos, viles animss, turba 
 
 bride shall fall to Turnus, shall we, despicable souls, a mob 
 
 inhumata que infleta sternamur campis? Et jam tu, 
 
 nnburied and unwept be laid prostrate on the plains? And now you, 
 
 si tibi qua vis, si babes quid patrii Martis 
 
 if to you i* any courage, if you have anything of your country's warlike spirit 
 
 aspice ilium contra, qui vocat. Violentia Turni 
 
 behold him opposed to you, who challenges you. The race of Turnu*
 
 327 37G 
 
 exarsit talibus dictis; dat gemitum, que rumpit has 
 
 glows at these words; be utters a groan, and breaks out in these 
 
 voces imo pectore: Drance, tibi quidem semper 
 
 words from his inmost heart: O Drances, there is to you indeed ever 
 
 ia'rga copia fandi, tune cum bellaposcunt manus; 
 
 i copious abundance of speaking, enen then when wars demand active hands; 
 
 que patribus vocatis primus ades; sed curia est 
 
 and the fathers being convoked first you are present, but new the court is 
 
 non replenda verbis, quse magna volant tibi tuto, 
 
 not to be filled with words, which large escape from you in safety, 
 
 dum agger murorum distinct hostem, nee fossa inundant 
 
 while the mound of our walla keeps off the foe, nor do the ditches flow 
 
 sanguine. Proinde tona eloquio, solitum tibi, que tu 
 
 with blood. Therefore thunder forth in eloquence, accustomed to you, and yon 
 
 Drance, argue me timoris, quando tua dextra dedit 
 
 Drances, accuse me of fear, since thy right hand has given 
 
 tot acervos stragis Teucrorum, que passim insignis 
 
 so many heaps of the slaughter of the Trojans, and everywhere you mark 
 
 agros tropa?is. Licet experiare quid vivida virtus 
 
 the field with trophies. It is allowed you to try what lively courage 
 
 possit: scilicet nee hostes quaerendi nobis longe; 
 
 can do: for neither are our enemies to be sought by us farjience; 
 
 circumstant muros undique. Imus in adversos? quid 
 
 they surround the walls on every side. Do we go against our enemies? why 
 
 cessas? An Marvors erit tibi semper in ventoszl 
 
 do you withdraw? Whether will Mars be to you ever on your "windy 
 
 lingusi, que istis fugacibus pedibus? Ego pulsus? aut 
 
 tongue, and in these flying feet? Am I beaten? or 
 
 quisquam fcedissime, merito arguet pulsum, qui 
 
 will any one than most foul wretch, jastly accuse me of being beaten, who 
 
 videbit tumidum Tybrim crescere Iliaco sanguine, et 
 
 shall see the swelling Tyber increase with Trojan blood, and 
 
 totam domum Evandri cum stirpe procubuisse, atque 
 
 all (he house ofEvander with his race to have fallen, and 
 
 Arcades exutos armis? Bitias et ingens Pandarus 
 
 Arcadians deprived of their arms? Bitias and great Pandarus 
 
 haud ita experti me, et mille, quos victor misi 
 
 not thus have experienced me, and a thousand, whom victorious I sent 
 
 sub Tartara die, inclusus muris, que septus liostili 
 
 under 'Tartarus in a day, inclosed by walls, and hedged in by a hostile 
 
 aggere. Nulla salus bello? demens, cane talia 
 
 rampart, fa there no safety in war? madman, tell such things 
 
 Dardanio capiti, que tuis rebus. Proinde ne cessa 
 
 to the Trojan chief, and to your own concerns. Wherefore do not cease 
 
 turbare omnia magno metu atque extollere vires 
 
 to confuse alt things by great fear and boast the strength
 
 328 402 
 
 gcntis bis victae; contra premeie arma 
 
 of tin: nation twice conquered; on the other hand to restrain the arms 
 
 Latini. Nunc et proceres Myrmidonum tremiscunt Phrygia 
 
 of Latinu.". Now also ihe chiefs of the Myrmidons tremble at Trojan 
 
 arma! nunc et Tydides et Larissaeis Achilles! et amnis 
 
 arms! now also Dromtde and Larissean Achilles! and the river 
 
 Aufidus retro fugit Adriacas undas! vel cum scelus 
 
 Ami. Ins backwards flies from the Adriatic waves! even when the guilt 
 
 artificis fingit se pavidum contra mea jurgia, et 
 
 of ilie deceiver feigns himself fearful against my threats, and 
 
 acerbat crimen formidine. Numquam amittes talem animam 
 
 embitters crime with dread. Never will you lose such a soul 
 
 hdc dextrd; (absiste moveri;) habitet cum te, et sit 
 
 with this right hand (cease to be moved;) it shall dwell with thee, and be 
 
 in isto pectore. Nunc revertor ad te, pater, et tua magna 
 
 in that breast. Now I return to thee, O father, and thy great 
 
 consulta. Si ponis nullam spem ultra in nostris armis; 
 
 decrees. ' If you place no hope farther in our arms; 
 
 si sum us tarn deserti, et occidimus funditus, agminesemftl 
 
 if we are so Abandoned, and we fall entirely, our army once 
 
 verso, neque Fortuna habet regressum; oremus 
 
 being overcome, nor our Fortune has a return; we will pray for 
 
 pacem, et tendamus dextras inermes. Quanquam d 
 
 peace, and we will extend our right hands unarmed. Although O 
 
 si quicquam solitae virtutis adesset! Ille mihi 
 
 if something of accustomed courage was present! He seems to me 
 
 que fortunatus laborum, que egregius animi ante alios, 
 
 both fortunate in Ms labour, and distinguished in mind before others, 
 
 qui ne videret quid tale, procubuit moriens 
 
 who that he might not see any such thing, fell dying 
 
 et semel momordit humum ore. Sin et opes, et 
 
 and at once bit the ground with Ms mouth. But if even wtaltb, and 
 
 juventus adhuc intacta, que Italse urbes que populi 
 
 youth as yet untouched, and Italian cities end people 
 
 supersunt nobis auxilio; sin et gloria venit Trojanis cum 
 
 remain to us for aid; but if also glory comes to the Trojans with 
 
 multo sanguine; sunt illis sua funera, que par 
 
 much blood; there are to them their own deaths, and an equal 
 
 ternpestas per omnes; cur indecores deficimus in 
 
 storm rafts through all; why disgraced do we fail in 
 
 primo limine? cur tremor occupat artus 
 
 the first entrance of the war? why does trembling possess our liinba 
 
 ante tubam? 
 
 b'.'fore tee hear the trumpet? 
 
 Pies, que varius labor mutabilis aevi retulit multa 
 
 Time, and the varied labour of changeful life have restored many things 
 
 in melius; fortuna alterna revisens lusit multos, 
 
 to a better condition; fortune alternately revisiting Jias deceived many.
 
 329 427 
 
 et rursus locavit in solido. yEtolus non erit 
 
 and again has placed them on firm ground. The Etolian prince will not be 
 
 auxilio nobis, et Arpi; at Messapus erit, que fehx 
 
 ai:l to us, and Arpis; but Messapus will be, and happy 
 
 Tolumnius, et duces quos tot populi misere; nee 
 
 roliiminus, and the leaders whom so many people have sent; nor 
 
 parva gloria sequetur delectos Latio et Laurentibus 
 
 shall small glory follow the chosen bands from J.aliumand the Lnureiilian 
 
 agris, et est Camilla de egregid gente Volscorum, 
 
 fields, and there is Camilla from the renowned nation oftheVolsci 
 
 agens agmen equitum, et cater vas florentes aere. Quod 
 
 loading on a troop of horse, and bands flourishing with brass. But 
 
 si Teucri poscunt me solum in certamina, que id placet, 
 
 if the Trojana demand me alone in combat, and this pleases, 
 
 que obsto communibus bonis tantum; victoria non adeo 
 
 and I oppose the common good so much; victory not thus 
 
 fugit has manus, exosa, ut recusem tentare 
 
 escapei these hands. hateful, that I should refuse to attempt 
 
 quicquam pro tanto spe. Ibo animis contra, 
 
 anything for so great a hope. I will go with rosolution against JEncas, 
 
 licet ille praestet vel magnum Achillem, que induat 
 
 though he should excel even great Achilles, and should put on 
 
 paria arma, facta manibus Vulcani. Ego Turnus baud 
 
 equal arms, wrought by the hands of Vulcan. I Turnus not 
 
 secundus ulli veterum virtute, devovi hanc animam 
 
 second to any of the ancients in courage, have devoted this life 
 
 vobis, que socero Latino. ./Eneas vocat solum? et 
 
 to you, and to my father-in-law Latinus. Does yEneas call me alone? and 
 
 oro vocet. Nee potius Drances luat morte, sive haec 
 
 I pray he may call. Nor rather shall Drances suffer death, whether this 
 
 est ira Deum; sive est virtus et gloria tollat. 
 
 is the anger of the Gods; or it is that courage and glory shall bear me off. 
 
 Illi certantes agebant haec inter se dubiis 
 
 They contending discuss these things among themselves in tneir doubtful 
 
 rebus. ^Eneas movebat castra, que aciem. Ecce 
 
 concerns. ^Eneas advanced the camp, and army. Li 
 
 nuncius ruit ingenti tumultu per regia tecta, que 
 
 a messenger rushes out with great tumult through the royal apartments, .ana 
 
 implet urbem magnis terroribus; Teucros 
 
 fills the city with great fears; announcing that the Trojans 
 
 instructos acie, que Tyrrhenam manum, descendere a 
 
 drawn out in array, and the Tuscan band, descended from 
 
 Tiberino flumine totis campis. Extemplo animi 
 
 Tiber's stream from all the plains. Forthwith tkeir minds 
 
 turbati, que pectora vulgi concussa, et irse 
 
 were distui bed. and the breasts ofthecrowd were shaken, and their anger 
 
 arrectae baud mollibus stimulis. Trepidi porcunt arma 
 
 foused not ly gentle provocations. Trembling they demand arms
 
 330 453 
 
 tnanu; juventus fremit arma; patres mcesti flent que 
 
 in hand; tbe youth rage for arras; the father* mournful weep and 
 
 mussant Hie magnus clamor nndique tollit se in 
 
 mutter. Here a great shout from every side raises itself into 
 
 auras vario dissensu: baud secus atque cum forte 
 
 the air with varied discord: not otherwise as when by chance 
 
 catervse avium consedere in alto luco, ve rauci cynci dant 
 
 troops of birds alight in a deep grove, or hoarse swans utter 
 
 sonitum piscoso amne Padusae per loquacia stagna. 
 
 their noise along the fishy stream ofPadusa through the noisy pools. 
 
 Turnus, tempore arrepto, ait imo, 6 cives, cogite 
 
 Turnus, the opportunity being seized, said nay, O my countrymen, assemble 
 
 concilium, et sedentes laudate pacem; illi ruunt 
 
 a council, and sitting at ease applaud peace; while they rush 
 
 armis in regno. Nee locutus plura, corripuit sese, et 
 
 in arms against cur kingdom. Nor speaking more, he hurried himself, and 
 
 citus extulit altis tectis. Tu, Voluse, edice maniplis 
 
 quick withdrew from the lofty palace. You, O Voluaus, command your bands 
 
 Volscorum armari; et due Rutulos; ait: Messap'w 
 
 of Volscians to be armed; and lead on the Rutulians; be says: You Messaf 
 
 et Coras cum fratre, diffundite equitem in armis 
 
 and Coras with your brother, pour out your cavalry in arma throu/ It 
 
 latis campis: pars firment aditus urbis, qu ^ 
 
 .he broad plains; let a part strengthen the entrances of the city, ail 
 
 capessant turres; csetera manus inferat arma mecup 
 
 guard the towera; let the other band bring up arms with m 
 
 qui jusso. Ilicet discumtur in muros, totd urbe 
 
 where I command. Forthwith there is a running to tbe walls, through all thecitj 
 
 Pater Latinus ipse deserit concilium, et magna incepta 
 
 Father Latinus himself abandons Ais council, and Ais great purpose: 
 
 ac turbatus tristi tempore, differt; que incusat se 
 
 and disturbed by the sad occasion, withdraws; he blames hiinseL 
 
 multa, qui non ultro acceperit Dardanium ^Enean 
 
 much, thai he did not forthwith receive Trojan /Eneai 
 
 que asciverit generum urbi. 
 
 and invite Aim as bis son-in-law to the city. 
 
 Alii prsefodiunt portas, aut subvectant saxa, que sudes 
 
 Others dig trenches before the gates, or upraise rocks, and stakes 
 
 rauca buccina dat cruentum signum bello: turn 
 
 the shrill sounding trumpet gives a bloody signal for the war: the 1 
 
 matron que puen cinxere muros varid coronS 
 
 the matrons and boys surrounded the walls with a varied circle 
 
 ultimus labor vocat omnes. Nee non regina magnS 
 
 the last effort invites all. Also the queen with a great 
 
 caterva matrum subvehitur ad, templum que ad summas 
 
 company of matrons is borne to tbe temple and to the lofty 
 
 arces Palladis ferens dona; que juxta virgo Lavinia 
 
 towers of Minvrva bearing gifts; and near by the maid Livini
 
 331 4SO 
 
 comes, causa tanti mali, atque dejecta decoras 
 
 Aer companion, the cause ofsogreat a misfortune, and casting down her beautiful 
 
 oculos. Matres succedunt, et vaporant templum 
 
 eyes. The mothers come up, and. perfume the temple 
 
 thure; et fundunt moestas cvoces de alto limine. 
 
 with incense; and pour out their mournful voices from the lofty entrance. 
 
 Triton ia virgo armipotens praeses belli, frange 
 
 O Tritonian maid powerful in arms, sovereign of the war, break 
 
 telum Phrygii praedonis manu, et sterne ipsum , 
 
 the darts of the Trojan robber with your hand, and stretch him 
 
 pronum solo, que effunde sub altis portis. 
 
 prostrate on the ground, and overthrow him under the lofty gates. 
 
 Turnus ipse furens certatim, cingitur in proelia que 
 
 Turnus himself raging anxiously, is girt for battle and 
 
 jam adeo indutus Rutulum thoraca horrebat ahenis 
 
 now thus having put on A\>- Rutulian breastplate looks terrible in brazen 
 
 squamis; que incluserat suras auro, adhuc nudus 
 
 scales; and he had inclosed hi* legs in gold, as yet naked 
 
 tempora; que accinxerat ensem lateri, que fulgebat 
 
 as to his temples; and be had girded a sword to his side, and he shone 
 
 aureus decurrens aM arce; que exsultat animis, et 
 
 in gold hastening from the high citadel; and exults with courage, and 
 
 jam praecipit hostem spe; qualis equus ubi fugit 
 
 now anticipates the enemy in his hope; as ahorse when he escapes 
 
 praesepia vinculis abruptis, tandem liber que potitus 
 
 from the stalls, his fastenings being broken, at length free and enjoying 
 
 apertocampo; illeauttendit in pastus, que armenta 
 
 the open plain; he either directs At's course to the pastures, and herds 
 
 equarum, aut assuetus perfundi noto flumine 
 
 of mares, or accustomed to be bathed in the known stream 
 
 aquaa, emicat que luxurians fremit cervicibus arrectis 
 
 of water, springs forth and wantoning neighs with hi s neck raised 
 
 alte; que jubae ludunt per colla, per armos. Cui 
 
 high; and his mane sports over his neck, along his shoulders. Whom 
 
 Camilla acie Volscorum comitante obvia occurrit, 
 
 Camilla with her troop of Volscians accompanying meeting encounters, 
 
 que regina desiluit ab equo sub portis ipsis; quam 
 
 and the queen leaped from her horse under the gates themselves; whom 
 
 tota cohors imitata defluxit ad terrain equis relictis. 
 
 all the troop imitating leaped down on the ground their horses being left. 
 
 Turn fatur talia: Turne, si qua fiducia sui 
 
 Then she speaks these words: O Turnus, if any confidence of one's self 
 
 merito est forti, audeo, et promitto occurrere turmae 
 
 deservedly is to the brave, I dare, and I promise to encounter the host 
 
 yEneadum, que sola ire obvia contra Tyrrhenes equites. 
 
 of Trojans, and alone to go opposed against the Tuscan horse. 
 
 Sine me tentare prima pericula belli manu; tu 
 
 Allow me to attempt the first dangers of the war with my hand; do you
 
 33-2 506 
 
 pedcs subsiste ad muros et serva mccnia. Turnus 
 
 .HI i,,,, i stay by the walla and preserve the rampnrts. Turniia 
 
 lixus oculos in hon-enda" virgine ad hacc: 
 
 fastening his eyes oa the dreadful maid responds to those tliingr. 
 
 O virgo, decus Italic, quas grates parem dice re, 
 
 O maid, ornament of Italy, what thanks can I prepare to express, 
 
 ve quas referre! sed nunc, quando iste animus est supra 
 
 or what to return! but now, since this thy mind is above 
 
 mnia, partire laborem mecum. Ut fama que 
 
 II dangers, divide the labour with me. As report and 
 
 exploratores missi reportant fidem, improbus ^Eneas 
 
 our spies sent out bring back confidence, cruel Aeneas 
 
 przcmisit levia arma equitum qualerent campos; 
 
 has sent before light arms of horse that they may shake the plains-, 
 
 per ardua deserta mentis adventat ad urbem. Paro 
 
 through the high deserts of the mountain he approaches to the city. I prepare 
 
 furta belli, in convexo tramite sylvae, ut obsidam 
 
 slratagemsof war, in a winding path of the wood, that I may besiege 
 
 bivias fauces armato milite. Tu excipe Tyrrhenum 
 
 the 1 double straits \vitharmed soldiery. Do you encounter the Tuscan 
 
 equitem signis collatis. Acer Messapus erit tecum 
 
 tavalry our signals being compared. Brave Messapus shall be with you 
 
 ijue Latinae turm que manus Tiburti; et tu concipe 
 
 ind the Latin troops and band of Tiburtus; and do you take 
 
 ouram duels. Sic ait, et paribus dictis hortatur 
 
 the charge of a leader. Thus hcsaid, and with like words he exhorts 
 
 Messapum que socios duces in proelia, et pergit in 
 
 Mussapus and the associate leaders to battle, and he marches against 
 
 hostem. Est vallis curvo anfractu accommoda fraudi 
 
 the foe. There \a a valley in a crooked winding fitted for fraud 
 
 que dolis armorum; quam atrum latus urget utrimque 
 
 and the deceits of arms; which a gloomy side encloses on each side 
 
 densis frondibus; quo tenuis semita ducit, que angust 
 
 with thick leaves; where a narrow path guides, and narrow 
 
 fauces que maligni aditus ferunt. Super hanc, in 
 
 straits and malignant entrance* lead. Over this, on 
 
 speculis que in summo yertice montis, ignota 
 
 the height and upon the loftiest summit of a mountain, a concealed 
 
 planities jacet, que luti rec^.ptus; seu veils occurrere 
 
 plain lies, and safe retreats; whether you wish to engage 
 
 pugnae dextera" que laeva, sive instare j u g' s e * 
 
 in battle on the right and left, or to press the enemy from the heights and 
 
 volvere grandia saxa. Juvenis fertur hue noia' 
 
 in roll down large rocks. The youth Turnus is borne hither by the knowt 
 
 regione viarum, que wripuit locum et insedit 
 
 egion of the ways, and seiz'd tbe place and sat dowu 
 
 iniquis sylvis. 
 
 i the unequal forests.
 
 333 532 
 
 Inlerea in superis sedibus Latonia compellabat velocem 
 
 In the mean time in the highest seals. Diana address'd swift 
 
 Opim, unam ex sociis virginibus que sacra" catervS 
 
 Opis, one of her associated maids and consecrated band 
 
 et dabat has voces tristi ore. virgo, Camilla 
 
 and uttered these words from her mournful mouth. O nymph, Camilla 
 
 graditur ad crudele bellum, et nequicquam cingitur nostris 
 
 goes out to cruel war, and in vain is girt with our 
 
 armis; cara mihi ante alias: enirn neque iste amor novus 
 
 arms; dear to me before others: for neither is this affection new 
 
 venit Dianas que movit animum subita" dulcedine. 
 
 ichich comes to Diana atid influences my mind with sudden fondness. 
 
 Gum Metabus pulsus regno ob invidiam, que 
 
 When Metabus banished from his kingdom for envy, and 
 
 superbas vires excederet antiqud urbe Priverno, 
 
 haughty authority had departed from his ancient - city Privenus, 
 
 fugiens inter media proelia belli, sustulit infantem 
 
 escaping in the midst of the contests of war, he bore off the infant 
 
 comitem exilio, que vocavit Camillam, nomine 
 
 his companion in exile, and called her Camilla, the name 
 
 matris Casmillae parte mutatd. Ipse portans prae se 
 
 of his m >ther Casmilla in part being changed, lie bearing 'her before him 
 
 sinu petebat longa juga solorum nemorum; sasva 
 
 .in h is bosom sought the long heights of the lonely groves; cruel 
 
 tela premebant undique et Volsci volitabant 
 
 darts press'd Aim on every side and the Volscana flew about 
 
 milite circumfuso. Ecce medio fugse, Amasenus 
 
 the soldiery pouring around him. Lo in the midst of his flight, Amasenus 
 
 abundans spumabat sumrnis ripis; tantus imber ruperat 
 
 overflowing foamed over if* highest banks; so great a shower had burst 
 
 se nubibus; ille parans innare tardatur amore 
 
 itself from the clouds; he preparing to swim is hindered by his love 
 
 infantis, que timet caro oneri. Vix haec sententia 
 
 of the infant, and fears for his dear load. Scarcely had this sentiment 
 
 subito sedit versanti omnia secum. Immane 
 
 suddenly settled in his mind revolving all things with himself. There was a huge 
 
 telum quod forte bellator gerebat valid manu, solidum 
 
 dart which by chance the warrior wielded in his strong hand, firm 
 
 nodis et cocto robore: implicat natam huic clausam 
 
 with knots and seasoned oak: he binds his daughter to this inclosed 
 
 libro et sylvestri subere, atque circumligai habilem 
 
 with bark and sylvan cork, and fastens her around dexterously 
 
 mediae haste: quam librans ingenti dextera ifa 
 
 to the midst of the spear: which poising in his great right hand thus 
 
 fatur ad fethera: Virgo Latonia alma cultrix nemorum, 
 
 he speaks to heaven: Virgin Diana fair inhabitant of groves 
 
 ipse pater voveo hanc famulam tibi: supplex fugit 
 
 ( a father devote big handmaid to you: suppliant fhe flies
 
 3S4 559 
 
 hostem per auras prima tenens tua tela: Diva 
 
 the foe through the air first holding thy weapons. O Goddess 
 
 tester accipe tuam quae nunc committitur dubiis 
 
 1 entreat you receive your own who now is entrusted to the doubtful 
 
 amis. Dixit et immittit contortum hastile lacerto 
 
 winds. He said and hurled the wreathed dart Ait arm 
 
 adductor und sonuere: infelix Camilla fugit in 
 
 r>eing drawn back: the waves resounded: haplesa Camilla flies on 
 
 stridente jaculo, super rapidum amnem. At Metabus 
 
 the hissing dart, above the rapid stream. But Metabus 
 
 magnS. catervd jam urgente propius dat sese fluvio, 
 
 a great troop now pursuing Aim nearer gives himself to the stream, 
 
 atque, victor vellit hastam, donum Trivise, cum virgine 
 
 ana, a conqueror plucks the dart, the gift of Diana, with the maid 
 
 de gramineo cespite. Non ullae urbes accepere ilium 
 
 from the grassy turf. No other cities received him 
 
 tectis non moenibus; neque ipse dedisset manus 
 
 in their, dwellings nor walls; nor did he yield Ai* hands 
 
 feritate: at exegit asvum pastorum 
 
 to the arts of life through wildnesa: .but underwent the life of shepherds 
 
 solis montibus. Hie nutribat natam in dumis 
 
 in the solitary mountains. Here be nourished his daughter among the bushes 
 
 que inter horrentia lustra, mammis armentalis equae 
 
 and among the frightful haunts'o/ieasts, by the teats of a brood mare 
 
 et ferino lacte, immulgens ubera teneris labris. Que 
 
 and wild animal milk, milking her udder with her tender lips. And 
 
 ut infans institerat vestigia primis plantis pedum, 
 
 as the infant had mark'd her footsteps with the first prints ofAerfeet, 
 
 oneravit palmas acuto jaculo, que suspendit 
 
 be loaded her hands with the sharp dart, and suspended 
 
 spicula et arcum ex humero parvse. 
 
 arrows and a bow from the shoulder of the little maid. 
 
 Pro crinali auro, pro tegmine longae pall, 
 
 In place of a fillet of gold, in place of a dress of a long cloak. 
 
 exuvise tigridis pendent a vertice per dorsum. Jam turn 
 
 the skin of a tiger bangs from her bead over her back. Even then 
 
 torsit puerilia tela tenerS. manu, et egit 
 
 she hurled childish darts with her tender band, and whirled 
 
 fundam tereti habena", circum caput, que dejecit 
 
 a sling with tapering thong, around Aerhead, and struck down 
 
 Strymoniam gruem, aut album olorero., Multae matres per 
 
 a Strymonian crane, or white swan. Many mothers through 
 
 Tyrrhena oppida frustra optavere illam nurum. 
 
 the Tuscan towns in vain desired her as a daughter-in-law. 
 
 Contenta Diand scl intemerata colit seternum. 
 
 Contented with Diana aU>ne unviolated she cultivates the eternal 
 
 amorem telorum. et virginitatis. Vellem baud fmsset 
 
 lovo of weapons, and maidenhood. I could wish she had not beeu
 
 335 585 
 
 correpta. tali militia, conata lacessere Teucros' 
 
 me away by this war, attempting to provoke the Trojans* 
 
 foret cara mihi que una mearum comitum nunc. 
 
 he might have been dear tome and one of my companions now. 
 
 Verum age, nympha, quandoquidem urgetur acerbis 
 
 But come, O nymph, since it is settled by the cruei 
 
 fatis, labere polo que invise Latinos fines, ubi tristis 
 
 fates, glide from the sky and visit the Latin coasts, where the sad 
 
 pugna committitur infausto omine. Cape haec que 
 
 contest is fought with hapless omen. ' Take these weapons and 
 
 deprome ultricem sagittam pharetra. Quicunque 
 
 draw forth a revengeful arrow from my quiver. Whoever 
 
 violaverit sacrum corpus vulnere, Tros ve Italus, 
 
 shall violate her sacred body with a wound, Trojan or Italian, 
 
 det pcenas mihi sanguine pariter hdc. Post 
 
 let him give penalties to me with his blood equally by this. Hereafter 
 
 ego feram cava nube corpus miserandae et 
 
 I will bear off in a hollow cloud the body of the unfortunate maid and 
 
 arma inspoliata ab tumulo, que reponam patria3. 
 
 her arms uninjured from the tomb, and I will restore her to her country 
 
 Dixit: at ilia demissa per leves auras coeli 
 
 She said: but she casting herself through the light airs of heaven 
 
 insonuit, circumdata corpus nigro turbine. At 
 
 sounded, surrounding her body with a black whirlwind. But 
 
 interea Trojana manus propinquat muris que Etrusci 
 
 in the meantime the Trojan band approached the walls and the Tuscan 
 
 duces que omnis exercitus equitum compositi in turmas 
 
 leaders and all the army of the horse were arranged in bands 
 
 numero. Insultans sonipes fremit foto sequore et 
 
 in order. The bounding horse neighs through all the plain and 
 
 pugnat habenis pressis, obversus hue et hue: turn ferreus 
 
 fights his reins being restrained, turning here and there: then an iroti 
 
 ager horret late hastis, que campi ardent sublimibus 
 
 field bristles up far around with spears, and the plains glow with upraised 
 
 armis. Nee non contra Messapus que celeres Latini 
 
 arms. Also on the other hand Messapus and the active Latins 
 
 et Coras cum fratre et ala virginis Camillas apparent 
 
 and Coras with his brother and wing of the maid Camilla appear 
 
 adversi campo que protendunt hastas longe 
 
 opposed to them on the plain and protrude their spears far before 
 
 dextris reductis, et vibrant spicula: que 
 
 their right hands being drawn back, and they brandish their darts: and 
 
 adventus virorum, que fremitus equorum, ardescit. 
 
 the coming of the men, and the neighing of the horses, grows warm. 
 
 Jamque uterque progressus intra jactum teli 
 
 And now each army having advanced within the cast of a dart, 
 
 substiterat: erumpunt subito clamore, que exhortantur 
 
 baited: they burst forth with sudden shout, .and encouiagc
 
 336 610 
 
 frementes equos; simul fundunt . crebra tela undique 
 
 Aeir neighing horses; at once they pour forth thickening darts on every side 
 
 ritu nivis, que cesium obtexitur umbra. Continue 
 
 in the manner of snow, and tbesky is covered with their shade. Immediately 
 
 Tyrrhcnus et acer Aconteus connixi incurrunt adversis 
 
 Tyrrhenus 'and bold Aconteus struggling rush together with hostile 
 
 hastis, que primi dant ruinam ingenti sonitu, que rumpunt 
 
 spears, and first cause destruction with great noise, and they dasb 
 
 pectora quadrupedantum perfracta pectoribus. Aconleus, 
 
 the breasts of their horses striking against breasts. Aconteus, 
 
 excussus in morem fulminis aut ponderis acti 
 
 thrown off in the manner of a thunderbolt or a weight sent forth 
 
 tormento, prsecipitat longe et dispergit vitam in. auras. 
 
 from an engine, is hurried far off and scatters his life in the air. 
 
 Extemplo acies turbatae que Latini versi rejiciunt 
 
 Forthwith the troops are disordered and the Latins turned throwback 
 
 parmas et vertunt equos ad moenia. Troes agunt; 
 
 their shields and turn their horses to the walls. The Trojans drive on; 
 
 princeps Asylas inducit turmas, que jam propinquabant 
 
 the chief Asylus leads on the troops, and now they approached 
 
 portis; que rursus Latini tollunt claraorem, et reflectunt 
 
 the gates; und again the Latins raise a shout, and turn back 
 
 mollia collar hi fugiunt que referuntur, habenis 
 
 their flexile necks: these fly and are carried back, the reins 
 
 penitus datis: qualis ubi pontus procurrens alterno 
 
 entirely being given up: as when the sea running with alternate 
 
 gurgite nunc ruit ad terras, que spumeus jacit undam 
 
 tide now rushes to the land, and foaming casts its wave 
 
 super scopulos, que perfundit extremam arenam 
 
 upon the rocks, and bathes the extreme sand 
 
 sinu. Nunc rapidus atque resorbens saxa 
 
 with its curling wave. Now swift and swallowing up the rocks 
 
 revoluta sstu, fugit retro que relinquit litus, 
 
 rolled back with the tide, it hastens back and leaves the shore, 
 
 vado labente. Bis Tusci egere Rutulos versos ad 
 
 the current gliding back. Twice the Tuscans drove the Rutulians turned to 
 
 moenia; bis reject! respectant tegentes terga 
 
 the walls; twice drrven back they regard their foes covering their backs 
 
 armis. Sed postquam congressi in tertia prcelia, 
 
 with their arms. But after meeting in the third engagement, 
 
 implicuere totas acies inter se, que vir legit 
 
 hey entangle their whole forces among themselves, and man select! 
 
 virum; turn vero et gemitus rr/orientum que arma que 
 
 nis man; then indeed even the groans of the dying and arms and 
 
 corpora et semianimes equi permisti caede virorum, 
 
 bodies and ' expiring horses intermingled with the slaughter of men, 
 
 volvuntur in alto sanguine; aspera pugna surgit. Orsilochus 
 
 arc rolled in deep blood; a cruel contest arises. Orsilochus
 
 337 637 
 
 ntorsit hastam equo Remuli, quando horrebat 
 
 hurled kis spear against the hr>re of Remulus, whe he shuddered 
 
 adire ipsum, que reliquit ferrum sub aure; quo ictu 
 
 to approach him, and left the steel under his ear; by which blow 
 
 sonipes furit arduus, que impatiens vulneris, jactat 
 
 the liorso raged high leaping, and impatient of the wound, throws out 
 
 crura alta pectore arrecto. Ille excussus volvitur 
 
 Ais legs high, his breast being upraised. He shaken off is rolled 
 
 humi. Catillus dejicit lolam que Herminium ingentem 
 
 on the ground. Catillus strikes down lolas and Herminius great 
 
 corpore et armis; cui fulva caesaries nudo vertice 
 
 in body and inarms; whose yellow hair flowed on his uncovered head 
 
 que humeri nudi. Nee vulnera terrent: patet 
 
 and hit shoulders were uncovered. Nor did wounds terrify him: he is exposed 
 
 tantus in arma. Hasta, acta per huic latos armos, tremit, que 
 
 so much inarms. The spear, driven through his broad shoulders, trembles, and 
 
 transfixa duplicat virum dolore. Ater cruor funditur 
 
 piercing doubles the hro with pain. Black blood is poured out 
 
 ubique; certantes dant funera ferro que petunt 
 
 on every side; contending they cause death by the sword and seek 
 
 pulchram mortem per vulnera. At inter medias caedes 
 
 honourable death by wounds. But in the midst of the slaughter 
 
 Amazon pharetrata Camilla exsultat exserta unum latus 
 
 the Amazon quiver bearing Camilla marches forth baring one side 
 
 pugnae, et nunc spargens lenta hastilia manu 
 
 (o the battle, and now scattering Aer slender spears with her hand 
 
 denset, nunc indefessa rapit validarri bipennem 
 
 he thickens them around, now untired she seizes the strong axe 
 
 dexteri. Aureus arcus sonat ex humero et arma 
 
 with her right- hand. Her golden bow sounds from her shoulder and the arms 
 
 Dianae. Ilia etiam siquando pulsa recessit in 
 
 of Diana. She even if at any time repulsed sAewithdrew in 
 
 tergum dirigit fugientia spicula arcu converse. 
 
 retreat directed her flying darts her bow being turned. 
 
 At circum lectae comites, que Larina virgo que 
 
 But around her went her chosen companions, both Larina a maid and 
 
 Tulla et Tarpeia quatiens aeratam securim; Italides 
 
 Tulta and Tarneia shaking her brazen axe; daughters of Italy 
 
 quas dia Camilla ipsa delegit, decus sibi, que 
 
 whom divine Camilla herself had chosen, an ornament to herself, and 
 
 ministras bonae pacis que belli: quales Threiciae 
 
 handmaids of pleasant peace and of war; suchlike Thracian 
 
 Amazones cum pulsant flumina Thermodoontis, et bellantur 
 
 Amazonian* when they beat the streams of Thfrmodoon. and right 
 
 pictio armis; seu circum Hyppolyten; seu cum martia 
 
 with painted arms; or around Byppolyte; or when maniitl
 
 338 662 
 
 Penthesilea refer! se curru, que magno tumultu 
 
 Penlhesilea brings back herself in her chariot, and wiih great tumult 
 
 ululante, feminea agmina exultant lunatis peltis. Aspera 
 
 creaming, the female troops exult with created shields. O orue 
 
 virgo quern primum, quern postremum dejicis 
 
 maid whom first, whom last did you overthrow 
 
 telo? aut quot morientia corpora fundis 
 
 with your darts? or how many dying bodres did you stretch 
 
 humi? Primum Eumenium Clytio patre, apertum 
 
 on the ground? First Eumenius Cly ti us being his father, the open 
 
 pectus cujus adversi trans verberat longd abiete. 
 
 breast of whom opposite she transfixed with her long spear of fir. 
 
 Ille cadit vomens rivos sanguinis atque mandit cruentam 
 
 He falls vomiting streams of blood and bites the bloody 
 
 humum, que moriens versat se in suo vulnere. Turn 
 
 ground, and dying turns himself on bis wound. Then 
 
 super Lirin que Pagasum; quorum alter dum revolutus 
 
 besides she slew Liris and Fagasus; of whom the one while rolling 
 
 equo suffosso colligit habenas. alter dum 
 
 from his horse stabbed beneath be collects the reins, the other while 
 
 subit ac tendit inertem dextram labenti, 
 
 he comes up and reaches out his unarmed right hand to his falling friend, 
 
 ruunt prsecipites que pariter. Addit Amastrum, Hippotaden 
 
 they fall headlong and together. She adds Amastrus, the son of Hippo taa 
 
 his, que incumbens sequitur eminus hasta, que Terea 
 
 to them, and pressing on she follows afar off with her spear, and Tereus 
 
 que Harpalycum et Demophoonta que Chromin; que quol 
 
 and Harpalycus and Demophoon and Chromis; and as many 
 
 spicula emissa manu virgo contorsit; tot Phrygii 
 
 darts as sent forth from her hand the maid hurled; as many Trojan 
 
 viri cecidere. Ornytus venator fertur procul ignotis 
 
 heroes fell. Ornytus the hunter is borne afar with unusual 
 
 armis et lapyge equo cui latos humeros pellis erepta 
 
 arms and an Apulian horse whose broad shoulders a skin torn frum 
 
 pugnatori juvencooperit; ingens hiatus oris, et malae 
 
 a fighting bullock covers; tin; great openingof the mouth, and thejaivs 
 
 lupi cum albis. dentibus texere caput, que agrestis sparus 
 
 ofa wolf with white teeth covered /as head, and a rustic dart 
 
 armat manus. Ipse vertitur in mediis catervis, et est 
 
 arms his hands. He 1 is exercised in the midst of the troops, and is 
 
 supra toto vertice. Ilia trajicit hunc exceptum, (enim 
 
 above them by a whole head. She pierces him intercepted, (for 
 
 neque labor agmine verso) et fatur hose super 
 
 neither was there labour the band being routed) and speaks these things over Aim 
 
 inimico pectore: Tyrrhene putdsti te agitare feras, 
 
 with unfriendly breast: O Tuscan did you suppose yourself to hunt wild 
 
 sylvis? Dies advenit qui redargued t vestra verba 
 
 in the woods? The day has arrived which shall disprove your word*
 
 339 687 
 
 muhebribus armis: tamen referes hoc nomen haud 
 
 by female arms: yet you shall bear back ibis name not 
 
 leve manibus -patrum, cecidisse telo Camillas. 
 
 trifling to the shades to your fathers, that you have fallen by the dart of Camilla. 
 
 Protinus Orsilochrum et Buten duo maxima corpora 
 
 NextsAe attacks Orsilochus and Bates the two greatest bodies 
 
 Teucrfim: sed figit Buten adversum cuspide inter 
 
 of the Trojans: but she pierces Butes opposed with her spear between 
 
 loricam que galeam, qua. colla sedentis lucent, et 
 
 fits coat of mail and helmet, where the neck of him sitting shines, and 
 
 parma dependet laevo lacerto: fugiens Orsilochum 
 
 his shield hangs from his left arm 4 flying she deceives Orsilorhui 
 
 que agitata per magnum orbem, interior gyro eludit 
 
 and driving through a great circle, within a circle she mocks him 
 
 que sequitur sequentem. Turn insurgens altior congeminat 
 
 and follows Aim following her. Then rising higher she redoubles 
 
 validam securim que per arma que per ossa viro 
 
 her strong axe both through the arms and through the bones of the man 
 
 oranti et precanti multa; vulnus rigat ora calido 
 
 praying and entreating much; the wound flows over on his face with warm 
 
 cerebro. 
 
 brains. 
 
 Bellator filius Auni, Apenninicolae, haud 
 
 The warrior son of Aunus, an inhabitant of the Appennines, not 
 
 extremus Ligurum, <ium fata sinebant fallere, indicit 
 
 the last of the Ligurians, while the fates permitted Aim to deceive, encountered 
 
 huic, que territus subito aspectu hassit; que is ubi cerait 
 
 her, and terrified by the sudden sight paused; and he when he perceives 
 
 jam posse evadere pugna nullo cursu, que ne 
 
 now that he can escape from the con test by no flight, and neither 
 
 avertere reginam instantem, ingressus versare dolos 
 
 turn aside the queen pressing on, attempting to practice frand 
 
 consilio et astu incipit haec: Quid tam egregium 
 
 by design and cunning begins in ihese words: Wlialis there so distinguished 
 
 si femina fidis forti equo? dimitte fugam, crede te 
 
 if a woman you confide in a brave horse? lay aside flight, trust yourself 
 
 cominus mecum aequo solo, que accinge pedestri 
 
 nand to hand with me on the level ground, and prepare for pedestrian 
 
 pugnae: jam nosces cui ventosa gloria ferat fraudem. 
 
 contest: soon you shall know to whom windy glory shall bring loss. 
 
 Dixit: at ilia furens que accensa acri dolore tradit 
 
 He said: but she furious and inflamed with fierce resentment delivers 
 
 equum comiti, que assistit in paribus armis pedes, 
 
 her horse to a companion, and stands in equal arms on foot, 
 
 interrita nudo ense que purd parma". At juvenis, 
 
 undismayed with the naked sword and spotless shield. But the youth, 
 
 ratus vKisse dolo, ipse avolat (baud mora,) 
 
 supposing that h . nad conquered by fraud, himself flics (there was no delay,
 
 340 715 
 
 que fugax aufertur habenis conversis, que fat i gat citum 
 
 and flying is borne off Ais reins being turned, and wearies As swifl 
 
 quadrupedem ferrati calce. Vane Ligur, que frustra 
 
 horse witb Ai* iron spur. Vain Ligurian, and fruitlessly 
 
 elate superbis animis, lubricus nequicquam tentasti 
 
 elated with proud presumption, deceitful in vain you have attempted 
 
 patrias antes; nee * fraus perferet te incolumem 
 
 your native arts; nor shall fraud restore you unharmed 
 
 fallaci Auno. Virgo fatur haec, et ignea 
 
 to your dinnonest/atAer Aunus. The DKI id uttered these vords and inflamed 
 
 pernicibus plantis transit equum cursu, que 
 
 icith rage on her swift feet she passes Ais horse in the course, and 
 
 fraenis prehensis adversa congreditur, que sumit poenas 
 
 his reins being grasped conflicting *h meets Aim, and takes penalties 
 
 ab inimico sanguine; quam facile accipiter, ales sacer 
 
 noiu Ais hostile Mood; as easily a hawk, a bird sacred to Mart 
 
 ab alto saxo, cosequitur pennis columbam sublimem in 
 
 from a high rock. pursues with wings a dove high in 
 
 nube, que tenet comprensam, que eviscerat uncis 
 
 a cloud, and holds her grasped, and disembowels her with his crooked 
 
 pedibus; turn cruor, et vulsss plum labuntur ab aethere. 
 
 claws; then blood, and torn feathers fall down from the sky/ 
 
 At, sator hominum atque Deorum, observans haec non 
 
 But, the sire of men and of Gods, observing these things not 
 
 nullis oculis, sedet altus summo Olympo. Genitor 
 
 with regardless eyes, sits high on lofty Olympus. The celestial father 
 
 suscitat Tarchontem Tyrrhenum in sapva prcelia, et incitat 
 
 arouses Tarchon the Tuscan -to cruel battle, and provoke* 
 
 iras, baud mollibus stimulis. Ergo, inter caedes 
 
 Ai* anger, not with gentle provocations. Therefore, amidst slaughter 
 
 que cedentia agmina, Tarchon fertur equo, queinstigat 
 
 and retreating troops, Tarchon is borne away by Ms horse, and urges 
 
 alas variis vocibus, vocans quemque nomine; que reficit 
 
 the troops with varied words, calling each one byname; and rallies 
 
 pulsos in proelia. O Tyrrheni, nunquam dolituri, 
 
 the vanquished to battle. O Tuscans, never to be excited, 
 
 O semper inertes, quis metus, quae tanta ignavia venil 
 
 O ever slothful what fear, what so great cowardice has come 
 
 animis? Femina agit palantes, atque vertit ha;c 
 
 to your minds? Does a woman drive you wandering, and turn aside thesf 
 
 agmina? Quo ferrum? ve quid gerimus haec tela 
 
 troops? Tn what docs the sword pro/itf or why do we wield these weapons 
 
 irrita dextns? At non segnes in Venerem, que 
 
 useless in our right hands? But you are not slothful in love, and 
 
 nocturna bella, aut ubi curva tibia indixit chores Bacchi 
 
 nocturnal wars, or when the winding pipe proclaims the choirs of Bacchus, 
 
 expectare dapes, et pocula plense mensae. Hie amor: 
 
 to await for Feasts, and bowls of the full table. This is your love
 
 341 740 
 
 noc studium dum secundus aruspex nunciet sacra, ac 
 
 (his your delight, while the favouring augur announces sacred rites, and 
 
 pinguis hostia vocet in altos lucos. Eflatus haec, ipse 
 
 (he fat f" victim calls you to the deey groves. Speaking these things, he 
 
 et moriturus concitat equum in medios, et turbidus infert 
 
 lso about to die spurs on his horse into the midst, and disturbed bears 
 
 se adversum Venulo; que complectitur hostem 
 
 himself against Venulus; and seizes the foe 
 
 dexterd dereptum ab equo, et concitus multsL 
 
 with his right hand torn from his horse, and moved with much 
 
 vi aufert ante suum gremium. Clamor tollitur in 
 
 violence he bears him off before his bosom. A shout is raised to 
 
 coelum; que cuncti Latini convertere oculos. Jgneus 
 
 heaven; and all the Latins turned their eyes. Fiery 
 
 Tarchon volat sequore, ferens arma que virum; turn 
 
 Tarchon hastens through the plain, bearing arms and the man; then 
 
 diffringit ferrum ab summ hast ipsius, et rimatur 
 
 ho breaks the steel from the top of the spear of him, and searchesout 
 
 apertas partes, qua ferat lethale vulnus. Contra ille 
 
 the open parts, where he may strike a deadly wound. On the other hand he 
 
 repugnans sustinet dextram a jugulo, et exit vim 
 
 contending keeps off his right hand from his throat, and avoids violence 
 
 viribus, que ut cum fulva aquila volans alte, fert draconem 
 
 by violence, and as when a tawny eagle flying high, bears a serpent 
 
 raptum, que implicuit pedes, atque haesit unguibus: at 
 
 seized, and entwines its feet, and cleaves to him with its claws: bu, 
 
 serpens saucius versat sinuosa volumina, que horret 
 
 the serpent wounded turns its winding folds, and appears terrible 
 
 squamis arrectis, et sibilat ore, insurgens arduus; 
 
 with his scales erect, and hisses with its mouth. rising high; 
 
 ilia baud minus urget luctantem obunco rostro, 
 
 she not the less presses Aim struggling with hooked beak, 
 
 simul verberat sethera alls: baud aliter 
 
 at the same time beats the air with her wings: not otherwise 
 
 Tarchon ovans portat prsedam ex agmine Tiburtum. 
 
 Tarchon . rejoicing bear off his prey from the army of the TiburtineB. 
 
 Maeonidas, secuti exemplum que eventum duels, 
 
 The Tuscans, following the example and success of their leader. 
 
 incurrunt. Turn Aruns, debitus fatis, prior circuit 
 
 rush on. Then Aruns, destined by the fates, first moves round 
 
 velocera Camillam, jaculo et multd arte, et tentat quse 
 
 the swift Camilla, with his dart and much skill, and tries what 
 
 fortuna sit facillima. Quacunque furensvirgo tulit se 
 
 opportunity may be the most easy. Whenever the raging maid offered herself 
 
 medio agmine, Aruns subit hac, et tacitus lustrat 
 
 \nthenildstofthetroop3, Aruns- advances here, and silently 'survey* 
 
 vestigia. Qua ilia victrix redit, que reportat pedem 
 
 ter footsteps Wherever she victorious returns, and withdraws htr foo
 
 342 765 
 
 ex hoste juvenis furtim detorquet celeres habcnas hac. 
 
 from the foe the youth by stealth turns Ms swift reins there. 
 
 Pererrat hos aditus, que jam hos aditus, que 
 
 He passe* over these approaches, anj now those approaches, and 
 
 omnem circuitum undiquc, et improbus quatit certam 
 
 the whole circuit on each side, and devoted to evil he shakes Aispurn 
 
 hastam. Forte* Chloreus, sacer Cybelae, que olim 
 
 spear. By chance Cbloreus, sacred to Cybele, and formerly 
 
 sacerdos, insignia fulgebat longe in Phrygiis armis, que 
 
 her priect, distinguished shone from afar in Trojan arms, and 
 
 agitabat spumantem equum; quern pellis conserta ahenis 
 
 urged on his foaming horse; which a skin braced together with brazen 
 
 squamis auro, plumam tegebat. Ipse, clarus peregrind 
 
 scales and gold, as a plume covered. He, bright in foreign 
 
 ferrugine et ostro, torquebat Gortynia spicula Lycio 
 
 blue and purple, hurled kit Gortynian arrows from his Lyci an 
 
 cornu. Aureus arcus sonat ex humeris, et aurea 
 
 bow. A golden bow sounds from Ais shoulders, and a golden 
 
 cassida vati; turn collegerat que croceam chlamydem 
 
 helmet teat to the priest; then he had collected both his yellow cloak 
 
 que carbaseos sinus crepantes, in nodum, fulvo auro, 
 
 and lawn robes rustling, in a knot, with yellow gold, 
 
 pictus acu tunicas etbarbara tegminacrurum. 
 
 being embroidered with a needle astokis tunic and the foreign coverings of his leers. 
 
 Virgo, sive ut prafigeret Troi'a arma templis, sive 
 
 The maid, whether that she might hang up Trojan arms in the temple, or 
 
 ut venatrix ferret se in captivo auro, creca 
 
 that as a huntress she might bear herself in captive gold, blind 
 
 sequebatur unum ex omni certamine pugnae; que incauta 
 
 she pursued Am alone from all the contest of the fi^-ht; and fearlessly 
 
 ardebat per totum agmen femineo amore praedse et 
 
 dhe raged through the whole army with a female's love of plunder and 
 
 spoliorum; cum tandem Aruns, tempore capto, conjicit 
 
 spoils; when at length Aruns, the opportunity being taken hurled 
 
 telum ex insidiis, et precatur Superos sic voce: Summe 
 
 Ait dart from ambush, and prays the Gods above thus with Ins voice: Greatest 
 
 Deflm, Apollo, custos sancti Soractis, quem primi colimus, 
 
 of Gods, Apollo, keeper of holy Soracte, whom first we worship, 
 
 cui pineus ardor pascitur acervo; et cultores, 
 
 whose pine fire is fed frtim our heap: and we worshippers, 
 
 freti pietate, premimus vestigia multa pruna per 
 
 trusting to our pifty, press our footsteps on many coals through 
 
 medium ignem; omnipotens pater, da hoc dedecus aboleri 
 
 the midst of fire: O almiehty father, grant this disgrace to be effrred 
 
 nostris armis. Non peto exuvias ve tropaeum, aut ulla spolia 
 
 from our arms.- I do not ask for spoils or atrophy, or any spoilt
 
 343 79J 
 
 pulsse virginis: cetera fecta ferent laudem mihi. 
 
 jf the vanquished maid: let other deeds award praise tome. 
 
 Dum haec dira pestis pulsa cadat meo vulnere, 
 
 Provided that this direful plague struck down may fall by my wound, 
 
 inglorius remeabo patriam urbem. Phcsbus audit et 
 
 withuui honour I will return to my native city. Apollo heard him and 
 
 dedit partem voti succedere mente; dispersit partem 
 
 granted apart of his wish to succeed in his mind; be scattered apart 
 
 in volucres auras. Annuit oranti, ut sterneret 
 
 in the swift air. He consented to him praying, that he might overthrow 
 
 Camillam turbatam subitS, morte; non dedit, ut 
 
 Camilla overwhelmed by sudden death; he did not grant, that kit 
 
 alta patria viderit reducem, que procellee vertere vocem 
 
 eialted country should see him restored, and the storms turned his prayer 
 
 in notos. Ergo ut hasta missa manu, dedit 
 
 to the south winds. Therefore as his spear sent from his hand, caused 
 
 sonitum per auras, acies convertere animos, que 
 
 a sound through the air, the armies turned their minds, and 
 
 cuncti Volsci tulere oculos ad reginam. Ipsa nihil 
 
 all the Volsciana directed their eyes to the queen. She was nothing 
 
 memor nee aura nee sonitus, aut teli venientis ab 
 
 mindful neither of the air norof the sound, or of the dart coming from 
 
 sethere, donee hasta, perlata sub exsertam papillam, 
 
 the sky, until the spear, driven under her naked breast, 
 
 haesit, atque alte bibit virgineum cruorem; trepidae 
 
 remained, and deeply drunk her virgin blood; her trembling 
 
 comites concurrunt, que suscipiunt dominam ruentem. 
 
 companions rush together, and receive their mistress falling. 
 
 Aruns exterritus fugit ante omnes, laetitid que metu 
 
 Aruns frightened flies before all, with joy and fear 
 
 misto; nee jam amplius audet credere hastae, nee 
 
 commingled; nor now any more dared he to trust to his spear, nor 
 
 occurrere armis virginis. Ac velut ille lupus, priusquam 
 
 to encounter the arras of the maid. And as a wolf, before 
 
 inimica lela sequantur, continue, avius abdidit sese in 
 
 hostile darta pursued him, forthwith, secretly concealed himself in 
 
 altos monies, pastore, ve magno juvenco occiso 
 
 the lofty mountains, the shepherd, or great bullock being slain, 
 
 conscius audacis facti; que remulcens pavitantem caudam, 
 
 ;onscious of the daring deed; and clinging his cowardly tail. 
 
 subjecit utero, que petivit sylvas: baud secus 
 
 placed it under Ms belly, and sought the woods: not otherwise 
 
 turbidus Aruns abstulit se ex oculis, que contentus 
 
 frightened Aruns withdrew himself from their eyes, and contented 
 
 fugd immiscuit se mediis armis. Ilia moriens 
 
 with flight intermingled himself in the midst of arms. She dyin? 
 
 trahit telum manu; sed ferreus mucro stat ad costas 
 
 draws out the dare with her hand; but it* iron point stands in the rib.
 
 344 818 
 
 ,nter ossa alto vulnere. Labitur exsanguis, lumina 
 
 amidst the bones in a deep wound. She falls bloodiest); her cyi's 
 
 labui:tur frigida letho; color quondam purpureus reliquil 
 
 fail cold in death; tier colour formerly blooming has left 
 
 ora. Turn exspirans sic alloquitur Accam, unam ex 
 
 her face. TJien dying thus she addresses Area, one of 
 
 sequalibus, quae sola fida Camilla; ante alias, quicum 
 
 *er equals, who alone faithful to Camilla before others, with whom 
 
 partiri curas; atque ita fatur haec: Soror Acca, 
 
 she divided hrr cares; and thus she speaks these things: O sister Acca, 
 
 potui hactenus, nunc acerbum vulnus conficit, 
 
 I have been able to act thus far, now a cruel wound destroys me. 
 
 et omnia circum nigrescunt tenebris. EfTuge, et perfer 
 
 and all things around blacken with darkness. Fly, and beai 
 
 hsec novissima mandata Turno; succedat pugnae, 
 
 these my last commands to Turnus; let him advance to the battle, 
 
 que arceat Trojanos urbe; que jam vale. Simul, 
 
 ami drive ofT the Trojans from the city; and now farewell. At once 
 
 his dictis, linquebat habenas, fluens ad terram 
 
 \viththese words, she relinquishes the reins, falling to the earth 
 
 non sponte; turn frigida paulatim exsolvit se 
 
 not with her own accord; then cold by degrees she relaxed herself 
 
 toto corpore, que posuit lenta colla, et caput 
 
 in her whole body, and inclined her slender neck, and head 
 
 captum letho, relinquens arma: que vita indignata fugit 
 
 overcome by death, leaving her arms: and life not enduring fled 
 
 cum gemitu sub umbras. Turn vero immensus clamor 
 
 with a groan under the shades. Then indeed a great cry 
 
 surgens ferit aurea sidera. Camilld dejecta, pugna 
 
 arising strikes the golden stars. Camilla overthrown, the contest 
 
 crudescit. Densi incurrunt, simul omnis copia TeucrGm; 
 
 grows bloody. Thick they rush on, together ail the force of the Trojans; 
 
 que duces Tyrrhenurn, que ^lae Evandri Arcadis. At 
 
 and leaders of the Tuscans, and the troops of Evander the Arcadian. Rut 
 
 Opis, custos Trivise, jamdudum sedet alta in summis 
 
 Opis, a keeper of Diana, for a long time sits high on the loftiest 
 
 montibus, que interrita spectat pugnas. Ut procul 
 
 mountains, and undismayed beholds the battles. As afar off 
 
 prospexit Camillam, multatam tristi morte, in medio 
 
 she beheld Camilla, overthrown by sad death, in the midst 
 
 rlamore juvenum furentum, que ingemuit, que dedit has 
 
 of the shout of the youth raging, she both groaned. and uttered theso 
 
 voces imo pectore: heu! virgo, luisti nimium, 
 
 words from her inmost breast: alas! O maid, you have suffered too, 
 
 nimium crudele supplicium, conata lacessere Teucros 
 
 too cruel punis-hmcnt, attempting to provoke the Trojans 
 
 bello! nec profuit tibi desertae in dumis coluisse 
 
 to the wnrt nor had it profited yon deserted in the wilds to have honoured
 
 345 844 
 
 Dianam, aut gessisse nostras pharetras humero: tamen 
 
 Diana, or to have wielded our quivers on your shoulder. yet 
 
 tua regina non relinquet te indecorem jam in extremS 
 
 your queen shall not leave you dishonoured now in extreme 
 
 raorte; neque hoc lethum erit sine nomine per 
 
 death; nor shall this death be without a name through 
 
 gentes, aut patieris famam inultae: nam 
 
 the nations, or shall you endure the rep.itation of being unrevenged: for 
 
 quicunque violavit tuum corpus vulnere luet merits. 
 
 whosoever shall violate your body by a wound shall expiate it by deserved 
 
 morte. 
 
 death. 
 
 Sub alto monte fuit ingens bustum antiqui Laurentis 
 
 Under a high mountain was a great tomb of the ancient Lauren tian 
 
 regis Dercenni ex terreno aggere, que tectum 'opaci 
 
 king Dercennus from an earthen mound, and covered by a gloomy 
 
 ilice. Hie primum pulcherrima Dea sistit se rapido 
 
 holm. Here first the most beautiful Goddess placed herself by a rapid 
 
 nisu, et speculatur Aruntem ab alto tumulo. Ut vidit 
 
 effort, and watches A runs from the high tomb. As she beheld Aim 
 
 fulgentem armis ac tumentem vana, inquit: 
 
 shining. inarms and- swelling with vain importance, she said: 
 
 Cur abis diversus? dirige gressum hue, veni hue 
 
 Why da you go a different way? direct your step hither, come hither 
 
 periture, ut capias praemia digria Camillas. Ne tu 
 
 about to die, that you may take rewards due to Camilla. Whether will you 
 
 etiam moriere telis Dianae! Dixit, et Threissa 
 
 also die by the darts of Diana! She said, and the Thracian maid 
 
 depromsit volucrem sagittam aurata pharetra, que infensa 
 
 drew out a swift arrow from Aer gilded quiver, and ' hostile 
 
 tetendit cornu, et duxit longe, donee capita curvata 
 
 stretch'd Aer bow, and drew it far out, until the points curved 
 
 coirent inter se, et jam tansreret fequis manibus, laevi 
 
 met together, and now she touched them with equal hands, with the left 
 
 aciem ferri, dextera" que nervo papillam. Extemplo 
 
 the point of the dart, with Aer right and the string Aer breast. Forthwith 
 
 Aruns audiit stridorem teli, que sonantes auras una", 
 
 Aruns heard the hissing of the dart, and the sounding air together, 
 
 que ferrum haesit in corpore. Socii obliti 
 
 and the iron weapon stuck in his body. His companions forgetful 
 
 linquunt ilium expirantem, atque gementem extrema, 
 
 left him dying, and groaning his last agonies, 
 
 in ignoto pulvere camporum: Opis aufertur pennis ad 
 
 in the unknown dust of the plains; Opis is borne on wings and 
 
 setherium Olympum. Levis ala Camillas prima fugit, 
 
 he etherial heaven. The light wing of Camilla first Hies, 
 
 domind amissa; Rutuli turbatt fugiunt; acer 
 
 their mistress being lost; The Rutulians disturbed fly; bold
 
 346 870 
 
 Atinas fugit; que disjecti duces, que manfpli desolati 
 
 Atinas flies; and the scattered leaders, and the companies clorru-J 
 
 petunt tuta, et aversi tendunt equis ad mcenia. 
 
 seek s:i;'u quarters, and turning they advance on horses to the ramparts 
 
 Nec quisquam valet sustentare telis, aut sistere contra 
 
 Nor ts any one uble to sustain with darts, or to stand against 
 
 Teucros instantes, que ferentes lethum; sed - referunt 
 
 I lie Trojans pressing on, and causing death; but they bear back 
 
 laxos arcus languentibus humeris, que ungula 
 
 tieir relaxed bows on their fainting shoulders, and the hnot 
 
 quadrupedum quatit putrem campum cursu. Pulvis 
 
 of the horses shakes the mouldering plain in their course. The dust 
 
 turbid us, atrS. caligine volvitur ad muros; et matres, 
 
 disturbed, in black darkness is roll'd to the walls; and the mothers, 
 
 percus'sae pectora tollunt, e speculis, femineum 
 
 striking their breasts raise, from the watch towers a female 
 
 clamorem ad sidera cceli. Qui primi irrupere patentes 
 
 shout to the stars of heaven. Who first break the opening 
 
 portas cursu, inimica turba premit hos misto 
 
 gates in their course, an unfriendly throng presses them in a mingled 
 
 agmine super: nee effugiunt miseram mortem, sed 
 
 band upon them: nor do they escape wretched death, but 
 
 confixi in limine ipso, in patriis moenibus, atque 
 
 pierced in the threshold itself, within their native walls, and 
 
 inter tuta domorum, expirant animas. Pars 
 
 amidst the safe shelter of their houses, they breathe out their souls. Apart 
 
 claudere portas; audent nee aperire viam sociis, 
 
 elose the gates; they dare neither to open away to their friends. 
 
 nec accipere orantes moenibus; que miserrima 
 
 nor to receive them praying for entrance to the walls; and a most wretched 
 
 caedes oritur defendentflm aditus armis, que ruentiQm 
 
 slaughter arises of those defending the entrances with arms, and rushing 
 
 in arma. Exclusi pars volvitur pracipites in 
 
 on arms. Those shut out a part are rolled headlong into 
 
 fossas, r.uini urgente, ante oculos que ora 
 
 the ditches, destruction pressing them, before the eyes and .faces ofthtir 
 
 parentum lacrymantum; pars caeca et concita fraenis 
 
 parents weeping; a part blinded and excited their rein* 
 
 immissis arietat in portas et postes duros 
 
 being let oose forcibly beat r.gainst the gates and posts made fast 
 
 obice. Summo certamine, ut matres ipsae vidcre 
 
 by bolts. In the greatest contest, as the mothers themselves saw 
 
 Camillam de muris (verus amor patriae monstrat,) 
 
 Camilla from the walla (true love of country directs thtn,} 
 
 trenidae jaciunt tela manu, ac praeciptes imitantur 
 
 trembling they cast their darts with their hands, and quitk rushing they imitate 
 
 ferrum duro robore, stipitibus que obustis sudibus, que 
 
 Die sword with hard oak, clubs aud burnt stakes, auj
 
 347 895 
 
 ardent primae mori pro moenibus. Interea 
 
 they burn first to die before the walls. In the mean time 
 
 ssevissiraus nuncius implet Turnum in sylvis, et Acca 
 
 tkn most cruel news encounters Turnus in the woods, and Acca 
 
 fert ingentem tumultum juveni; acies Volscorum 
 
 reports the great disturbance to the youth; that the bands of the Volscians 
 
 deletas, Camillam cecidisse, infensos hostes ingruere 
 
 were destroyed, Camilla bad fallen, the hostile foes attacked 
 
 et corripuisse omnia secundo Marte; jam metum 
 
 and seized all thing* by favourable warfare; that now fear 
 
 ferri ad mcenia. Hie furens deserit obsesses colles. 
 
 was borne to the walls. He raging deserts the besieged hills', 
 
 linqmt aspera nemora (nam saeva numina Jovia 
 
 leaves the rugged groves (for the stern purposes of Jupiter 
 
 poscunt sic.) Vix exierat e conspectu, 
 
 demand it to be thus.) Hardly had he withdrawn from their view, 
 
 que tenebat campum, cum pater ./Eneas, ingressus 
 
 and attained the plain, when father .Eneas, entering 
 
 apertos saltus, que exsuperat jugum, queevadit opacS. 
 
 the open lawns, both passes over the height, and escapes from the dark 
 
 sylvi. Sic ambo feruntur rapidi que toto agmine, 
 
 vood. Thus both are borne on swift and with (Acir whole army 
 
 ad muros; nee absunt longis passibus inter se. 
 
 to the walls; nor are they separated by long paces between them. 
 
 Ac simul ^Eneas prospexit longe 1 campoa fumantes 
 
 As soon as jEneas beheld from afar the plains smoking 
 
 pulvere, que vidit Laurentia agmma; et Turnus agnovit 
 
 with dust, and saw the Laurentian bands; also Turnus knew 
 
 saevum ^nean in arir.is, que audivit adventum pedum, 
 
 the stern JEne&a in arms, and heard the coming of feet, 
 
 que flatus equorum. Continue ineant pugnas. 
 
 and the breathing of the horses. Immediately they would enter on battles, 
 
 et tentent proelia, ni jam roseus Phoebus tingat 
 
 and attempt the contest unless now the rosy sun should dip 
 
 fessos equos Ibero gurgite, que reducat noctem die 
 
 His wearied horses in the Iberian sea, and restore night the day 
 
 labente. Considunt castris ante urbem, et 
 
 withdrawing. They sit down in tfatr camps before the city, and 
 
 valiant moenia. 
 
 fortify the ramparts.
 
 348 
 
 ^NEID. 
 BOOK TWELFTH. 
 
 UT Turnus videt Latinos infractos adverse Marte 
 
 As Turnus sees that the Latins broken down by hostile war 
 
 defecisse: sua promissa nunc reposci, se 
 
 hud become faint: tkat his promises now were demanded, himself 
 
 signari oculis; ultro, implacabilis, ardet, que attollit 
 
 marked out by the eyes of men; keenly, resentful he burns, and arouse* 
 
 animos. Qualis ille leo in arvis Poenorum saucius 
 
 his courage. As a lion in the fields of the Carlhagenians wounded 
 
 pectus gravi vulnere venantum, turn demum movet 
 
 in the breast by a severe wound of the hunters, then at last he exerts 
 
 arma, que gaudet, excutiens comantes toros cervice, 
 
 his valour, and rejoices, shaking the hairy muscles on his neck, 
 
 que impavidus frangit fixum telum latronis, et fremit 
 
 and fearless he breaks the piercing dart of the hunter, and rages 
 
 cruento ore; baud secus violenlia gliscit accenso 
 
 with bloody mouth; not otherwise violence urges on the inflamed 
 
 Turno. Turn sic affatur regem, atque ita turbidus 
 
 Turnus. Then thus he addresses the king, and thus disturbed 
 
 infit: Nulla mora in Turno; est nihil quod ignavi 
 
 he begins: No delay is in Turnus; there is nothing for which the cowardly 
 
 ^Eneadae retractent dicta; nee recusent quae pepigere; 
 
 Trojans shall revoke their words; nor refuse what they have promised; 
 
 Congredior; pater, fer sacra, et concipe foedus. 
 
 I join battle; O father, command the sacred rites, and devise a treaty. 
 
 Aut mittam Dardanium, desertorem Asiae, sub Tartara 
 
 Either 1 will send the Trojan, the fugitive of Asia, under Tartarus 
 
 bac dexterS, (Latini sedeant que spectent) et solus 
 
 with this right hand, (the Latins shall set by and behold it) ami alone 
 
 refellam commune crimen ferro; aut " habeat 
 
 I will disprove the common reproach with the sword; or he shall hold u* 
 
 victos, Lavinia conjux cedat. Latinus respondit olli, 
 
 \anquishcd, Lavinia his wife shall yield. Latinus replied to him, 
 
 sedato corde: O juvenis, praestans animi, quantum ipse 
 
 with composed heart: O youth, excelling in mind, as much a i you 
 
 exsuperas feroci virtute, tanto impensius est aequum 
 
 abound in fierce courage, so much more solicitously is it right 
 
 me consulere atque metuentem expendere oinne 
 
 for me to piovido fof you and fearing to weigh H
 
 349 24 
 
 casus. Sunt tibi regna patns Datini, 
 
 tbe chances of the contest. There are to you the kingdoms of your father Daunus, 
 
 sunt multa oppida capta manu; nee non est quc 
 
 (Acre are many towns captured by your hand; likewise there la both 
 
 aurum que animus Latino. Sunt alias innuptae 
 
 poM and courage with Latinos. There are other unmarried maids 
 
 Latio, et Laurentibis agris; nee indecores 
 
 in Lutium, and the Laurenline territories; nor are l*y dishonourable 
 
 genus. Sine me aperire haec baud mollia fatu, 
 
 in l/iei> race. Permit me to lay open these things not gentle to be uttered 
 
 dolis sublatis, simul hauri haec animo. Erat 
 
 deceit being laid aside, at the same time receive these things in your mind. It was 
 
 fas me sociare natam nulli veterum procorum; 
 
 lawful for me to unite my daughter to no one of her former lovers, 
 
 que omnes que Divi que homines canebant id. Victus 
 
 and all both Gods and men foretold this. Subdued 
 
 amore tui, victus cognatd sanguine, et lacrymis 
 
 by love of thee, overcome by our' related blood, and the tears 
 
 mcestae conjugis, rupi omnia vincula; eripui 
 
 of my mourning wife,' I brake all bonds; I snatched my daughter 
 
 promissam genero; sumpsi impia arma. Turne, 
 
 promised from my son-in-law; 1 took up impious arms. O Turnuf, 
 
 vides qui casus, quae bella sequantur me ex illo; 
 
 you see what misfortunes, what wars pursue me from that time, 
 
 quantos labores primus patiare. Victi bis magna'; 
 
 bow great exertions you especially undergo. Conquered twice in a great 
 
 Eugnd, vix tuemur Italas spes urbe;. Tyberina 
 ittle, scarcely do we guard our Italian hopes in the city; Tylter's 
 
 fluerita adhuc recalent nostro sanguine, que ingentes 
 
 flowing waters even now are warm with our blood, and the great 
 
 campi aibent ossibus. Quo referor toties, quae 
 
 plains are white with our bones. Where am I borne back so often, what 
 
 insania mutat mentem? Si sum paratus accire 
 
 madness changes my mind? If I am prepared to invite the Trajan* 
 
 socios, Turno extincto, cur potius non tollp ceitamina, 
 
 as my allies, Turnus being destroyed, why rather do I not banish contests, 
 
 incolumi? Quid consanguinei Rutuli, quid 
 
 he being unharmed? What will our relations the Rutulians fay, what will 
 
 caetera Italia dicet, si prodiderim te ad mortem, (fors 
 
 the rest of Italy say, if I should betray thee to death, (may fortune 
 
 refutet dicta) petentem natam et nostra connubia? 
 
 refute my words) seeking my daughter and our nuptial alliance? 
 
 Respice varias res bello; miserere longrevi 
 
 Look back on the varied concerns in war; pity vouraged 
 
 parentis, quern nunc msestum patria Ardea dividit 
 
 I* "rent, whom even now sad his native Ardea separates 
 
 longe. Violentia Tumi haudquaquam flectitur dictis: 
 
 for from you. The violence of Turnus by no means is controlled by these word*
 
 350 46 
 
 *xsuperat magis, que aegrescit medendo. Ut pnmum 
 
 lie strives more, and sickens by being cured. As first 
 
 potuit fari, sic institit ore: Optime, 
 
 he was able to speak, thus he pursues the tutject with his mouth: Most excellent 
 
 precor pro me deponas hanc curam, quam 
 
 ti*g< ' P rav V u ' '" r me la >' aside this anxiety, which 
 
 geris pro me, que sinas me pacisci lethum pro 
 
 you experience on account of me. and suffer me to bargain death for 
 
 laude. Et nos, pater, spargimus lela, que ferrum baud 
 
 praise. And we, O father, wield darts, and the sword not 
 
 debile dextera; et sanguis sequitur de nostro 
 
 with a powerless right hand; and blood follows from out 
 
 vulnere. Dea mater erit longe illi, qua? t'egat 
 
 wound. Hi's Goddess mother will be far from him, who may conceal 
 
 fugacem feminea nube, -et occulat sese vanis umbris. 
 
 her flying son with a female cloud, and hide herself in vain shades, 
 
 At regina, conterrita novd sorte pugnae, flebat, et 
 
 But the queen, alarmed by the new lot of battle, wept, and 
 
 moritura, tenebat ardentem generum: Turne, te 
 
 about to die, held her daring son-in-law: O Turnus, /entrtaHlia 
 
 per has lacrymas, per Amatae, si quis honos 
 
 by these tears, by your love of Amata, if any respect for her 
 
 tangit animum: tu nunc- una spes senectae, tu 
 
 touches your mind: you now the only hope of my old age, you 
 
 requies miserae; decus que imperium Latini penes 
 
 the repose of my wretched self; the glory and power of Latin us uwith 
 
 te; omnis domus inclinata recumbit in te: oro unum, 
 
 thee; -all our house inclining rests on thee: I pray one thing. 
 
 desiste committere manum Teucris. Quicunque casus 
 
 forbear to engage your hand with the Trojans. Whatsoever misfortunes 
 
 manent te, Turne, isto certamine, manent et me, 
 
 remain to thee, O Turnus, in this contest, remain likewise with me, 
 
 simul, relinquam haec invisa lumina, nee captiva 
 
 at the same time I will leave this bated light, nor a captive 
 
 videbo jEnean generum. Lavinia, accepit vocem 
 
 will I see ./Eneas my son in-law. Lavinia, receives the address 
 
 matris, perfusa lacrymis, flagrantes genas; cui plurimus 
 
 of her mother, bathed with tears, as to her burning cheeks; whose profuse 
 
 rubor subjecit ignem, et cucurrit per calefacta 
 
 Nushing supplied the glow, and ran through her heated 
 
 ora. Veluti si quis violaverit Indum ebursanguineo 
 
 countenance. As if anyone had stained Indian ivory with bloody 
 
 ostro; vel ubi alba lilia, mixta multd rosa rubent; 
 
 purple; or when white lilies, Intermingled with many roses blush: 
 
 virgo dabat tales colores ore. Amor turbat ilium, que 
 
 the maid gave such colours from her face. Love distracts him, and 
 
 figit vultus in virgine. Ardet magis in arma, que 
 be fastens hit looks on the maid. He burns more for arms, and
 
 351 71 
 
 affatur Araatam paucis. O mater, quseso ne 
 
 addresses Ainata with a few words. O mother, I pray you, do not 
 
 prosequere me lacrymis, neve tanto omine, euntem in 
 
 pursue me with tears, nor so great an omen, going into 
 
 certamina duri Martis: enim mora mortis neque libera 
 
 contests of hard wan for the putting -off of death is not allowed 
 
 Turno. Idmon, nuncius, refer haec mea dicta Phrygio 
 
 to Turnus. Idmon, my trusty messenger, bear back these my words to the Trojan 
 
 tyranno, haud placitura: cum primum crastina 
 
 tyrant not about to please Aim: when first to-morrow's 
 
 Aurora, invecta puniceis rotis, rubebit ccelo, non 
 
 dawn, borne up on crimson wheels, shall redden in the sky, let biro not 
 
 agat Teucros in Rutulos; arma Teucrum et Rutulum 
 
 lead out the Trojans against the Rutulians; the arms of the Trojans and Rutulians 
 
 quiescant; bellum dirimatur nostro sanguine; conjux 
 
 shall rest; the war shall be determined by our blood; the bride 
 
 Lavinia quseratur illo campo. Ubi dedit haec dicta, 
 
 Lavinia shall be sought on that plain. When be had ultered these words, 
 
 que rapidus recessit in tecta, poscit equos, que 
 
 and quick had withdrawn to the palace, he demands his horses, and 
 
 gaudet, tuens frementes ante ora; quos Orithyia ipsa 
 
 rejoices, seeing them neighing before his face; which Orithyia heiself 
 
 dedit decus Pilumno; qui anteirent nives candore, 
 
 give an honour to Pilumnus; which surpassed the snows in whiteness, 
 
 auras cursibus. Properi aurigae circumstant, que 
 
 the winds in the race. The hasty charioteers stand around, and 
 
 lacessunt pectora plausa cavis manibus, et pectunt 
 
 excite their breasts clapped with hollow hands, and comb 
 
 comantia colla. Dehinc ipse circumdat loricam 
 
 their flowing manes. Then he wraps his coat of mail 
 
 humeris, squalentem auro que albo ofichalco; 
 
 about Ms shoulders, scaled with gold and white mountain brass; 
 
 simul aptat habendo que ensem que clypeum, et 
 
 at the same time befits for wearing both his sword and shield, and 
 
 cornua rubrae cristae; ensem, quern ignipotens Deus 
 
 the points of his blushing crest; the sword, which the fire-powerful God 
 
 ipse fecerat Dauno parent! et tinxerat candentem 
 
 nimself had made for Daunus kin parent and dipped glowing hot 
 
 Styia 4 unda. 
 
 (i the Stygian wave. 
 
 Exin corripit validam hastam vi, quae astabat in 
 
 Then he seized his strong spear with violence, which stood in 
 
 mediis sedibus adnixa ingfenti columnae, spolium 
 
 the midst of the palace leaning on a great column, the spoil 
 
 Aurunci Actoris, que quassat trementem, vociferans: 
 
 of Auruncian Actor, and shook 't trembling, crying out: 
 
 Nunc, 6 hasta, nunquara frustrata meos vocatus, nunc 
 
 Now, O spear, never disappointing my calls. now
 
 352 90 
 
 tempus adest: maximus Actor te, nunc dextra 
 
 the lime i present: the must heroic Actor bore thee, now the right hand 
 
 Turni gerit te: da sternere corpus, que lacerare 
 
 of Turnus bears tbee: grant me to overthrow his body, and to tear 
 
 loricam semiviri Phrygis, revulsam valida" manu, 
 
 the coat of mail of the effeminate Trojan. stripped by my powerful band, 
 
 et fcudare crines in pulvere, vibratos calido ferro, que 
 
 anil defile Ait hair in the dust, curled with a hot iron, and 
 
 madentes myrrhd. Agitui 1 his furiis, que scintilla; 
 
 flowing wita myrrh. He is agitated by these furies, and sparks 
 
 absistunt ab toto ore ardentis; ignis micat 
 
 flynir from the whole countenance of him glowing; fire glitters 
 
 acribus oculis: veluti cum taurus ciet terrificos mugitus 
 
 in Ais fierce eyes: as when a bull excites dreadful bcllowings 
 
 in prima prcelia, atque tentat irasci in cornua, 
 
 in the first contests, and attempts to vent Ais rage on Ais horns, 
 
 obnixus trunco arboris; que lacessit ventos ictibus, el 
 
 pushing against the trunk of a tree; and strikes the winds with blows, and 
 
 proludit ad pugnam arenfi spared. Nee minus 
 
 preludes to the fight the sand being scattered. Nevertheless 
 
 interea ^Encas, saevus in maternis armis, acuit 
 
 in the mean time ^neas, stern in Ais maternal arms, provokes 
 
 Martem, et suscitat se ird, gaudens bellum 
 
 war, and arouses himself with anjrer, rejoicing that the war 
 
 componi fcedere oblato. Turn solatur socios, 
 
 was to be determined by the treaty offered. Then he consoles his companions, 
 
 que metum mcesti luli, docens fata; que jubet 
 
 and the fear of the mournful lulus, teaching them the fates; and command* 
 
 viros referre certa responsa regi Latino, et 
 
 the men to take back Ad determined replies to king Latinui, and 
 
 dicere leges pacis. Vix postera dies orta 
 
 to pronounce the conditions of peace. Scarcely the next day arising 
 
 spargebat summos montes lumine, cum primiim equi 
 
 bad sprinkled the highest mountains with light, when first the horses 
 
 solis tollunt se alto gurgite, que efflant 
 
 of the sun raise themselves from the deep gulf of ike sea, and breathe forth 
 
 lucem elatis naribus. Rutuli que Teucri viri 
 
 light from their elevated nostrils. The Rutulinn and Trojan men 
 
 dimensi campum ad certamen parabant; sub mrcnibus 
 
 having measured thu plain for the battle made it ready; under the walls 
 
 magnoe urbis, que in medio focos et gramineas 
 
 of the great city, and in the midst they raised hearths and grassy 
 
 aras communibus Dis: alii ferebant que fontem que ignem 
 
 altars to their common Gods: others brought both water and fir* 
 
 velati lino tt vincti tempora verbend. Legio 
 
 veiled with linen and bound a*totheir temples with vervain. The legion 
 
 Ausonidum procedit, que pilata agmina fundunt se 
 
 of Ausooians proceeds, and the dart bearing troops pour themsclvet
 
 353 122 
 
 plenis portis: hinc omnis Troius, que Tyrrhenus 
 
 from ihe full gates: on this side all tlie Trojan, and Tuscan 
 
 exercitus ruit variis armis, baud secus instruct! 
 
 army tusa on in varied arras, not otherwise furnished 
 
 ferro, quam si aspera pugna Martis vocet. Nee non 
 
 with the sword, than if the cruel battle of Mars should call tkem. Also 
 
 mediis millibus ductores ipsi volitant decori auro, 
 
 in the midst oT thousands the leaders themselves fly adorned in gold, 
 
 que ostro; et Mnestheus, genus Assaraci, et fortis 
 
 and purple; and Mnestheus, the offspring of Assaracus, and bold 
 
 Asylas, et Messapus, domitor equorum, Neptunia proles. 
 
 Asylas, and Messapus, the tamer of horses, Neptune's progeny. 
 
 Utque quisque recessit in sua spatia signo dato, 
 
 And as each one withdrew into his own space a signal being given, 
 
 defigunt hastas tellure, et reclinant scuta. Turn 
 
 they plant their spears in the ground, and lean upon their shields. Then 
 
 matres effuss studio, et inermum vulgus, que 
 
 the mothers pouring out with zeal, and the unarmed populace, and 
 
 invalid! senes, obsedere turres et tecta domorum: alii 
 
 powerless old men, besiege the towers and roofs of the houses: others 
 
 astant sublimibus portis. At Juno prospiciens ex sum mo 
 
 stand by the lofty gates. But Juno looking from the high 
 
 tumulo, qui nunc h?.betur Albanus (tune erat neque 
 
 bill, which now is called Albanus (then there was neither 
 
 homen, honos, aut glo:ia monti,) spectabat campum, 
 
 name, honour, or glory to the mountain,} beheld the plain 
 
 et ambas acies Laurentum que Troum, que urbem 
 
 and both the armies of the Laiirentines and Trojans, and the city 
 
 Latini. Extemplo sic affata est sororem Turni, Diva 
 
 of Latin us. Forthwith thus she addressed the sister ofTurnus, a Goddess 
 
 Deam, quae presidet stagnis, que sonoris fiuminibus: 
 
 to a Goddess, who presides over pools, and sounding streams; 
 
 Jupiter, altus rex aetheris sacravit hunc honorem illi 
 
 Jupiter, the high king of the sky consecrated this honour to her 
 
 pro virginitate ereptd. Nympb.il decus fluviorum, 
 
 for her virginity ravished. O Nymph, ornament of rivers, 
 
 gratissima nostro animo, scis, ut praetulerim te unam 
 
 most grateful to my mind, you know that I had preferred thee alone 
 
 cunctis, qusecunque Latinae ascendere ingratum cubile 
 
 to all, whatever Latin maids ascended the ungrateful bed of 
 
 magnanimi Jovis, que libens locarim in parte 
 
 high-minded Jupiter, and willingly I have placed (Ace in apart 
 
 cceli: Juturna, disce tuum dolorem ne incuses me. 
 
 of heaven: O Juturua, learn your grief lest you should accuse me. 
 
 Qua fortuna visa est pati, que Parcae sinebant 
 
 Wherever fortune appeared to allow," and the destinies permitted 
 
 res cedere Latio, texi Turnum, et tua 
 
 her concerns to succeed to Latium, I have guarded Turnus and youi
 
 351 149 
 
 mania: nunc video juvenem concurrere imparibus fatis; 
 
 city: now I see the youth encounter with unequal fates, 
 
 que dies Parcarum et inimica vis propinquat. Non possum 
 
 an^ the (lay fifth*? Destinies and hostile power approaches. f cannot 
 
 aspic* re hanc pugnam oculis, non fcedera. Si tu 
 
 behold this battle with my eyes, nor this treaty. If thuu 
 
 audes quid praesentius pro germano, perge: decet: 
 
 darest anything more favourable for thy brother, proceed: it will become you.- 
 
 forsan meliora sequentur miseros. Vix ea 
 
 perhaps better things will follow your unhappy friends. Scarcely these Mngt 
 
 cum Juturna profudit lacrymas oculis, terque 
 
 were, said, when Juturna shod tears from her eyes, and thrice 
 
 que quater percussit honestum pectus manu. Saturnia 
 
 and four times struck her fair breast with Aer hand. Saturnian 
 
 Juno ait, hoc non tempus lacrymis; accelera et eripe 
 
 Juno says, this is not a time for tears; hasten and snatch 
 
 fratrem morti, si quis modus: aut tu cie 
 
 your brother from death, if there is any way: or do you excite 
 
 bella, que excute conceptum fcedus. Ego auctor 
 
 wars, and break the contracted treaty. 1 am authorit) 
 
 audendi. Sic exhortata reliquit incertam, et turbatam 
 
 for your daring. Thus having advised she left her in doubt, and disturbed 
 
 tristi vulnere mentis. Interea reges, Latinus 
 
 by sad remorse of mind. In the mean time the kings proceed, Lutiuus 
 
 ingenti mole vehitur quadrijugo curru, circura cui 
 
 with a great crowd is borne in his four horse chariot, around whose 
 
 fulgentia tempora bis sex aurati radii cingunt, specimen 
 
 hining temples twice six golden rays encircle, an emblem 
 
 Solis avi; Turnus it in bigis albis 
 
 of the sun his ancestor; Turnus goes out in a chariot with two. white horses, 
 
 crispansbina hastilia lato ferro manu. Hinc pater 
 
 brandishing two spears with broad steel in his hand. On this tide father 
 
 ^Eneas, origo Romanes stripis, flagrans siderec 
 
 JEncas, the founder of the Roman race. burning with his starry 
 
 clypeo et ccelestibus armis, et juxta Ascanius, altera spes 
 
 shield and heavenly arms, and near by Ascanius, the other hop* 
 
 magnae Romae, procedunt castris: que sacerdos in pura 
 
 of great Rome, go out from the camps: and the Priest in a spotless 
 
 veste attulit foatum setigerae suis, que bidentem 
 
 dress brought out the offspring of a bristly swine, and a two year old sheer 
 
 intonsam que admovit pecus flagrantibus aris. Illi, 
 
 unshorn and re moved the flock to the burning altars. They, 
 
 conversi lumina ad surgentem solem, dant salsas fruges 
 
 turning their eyes to the rising sun, offer salted cake* 
 
 manibus, et notant summa tempora pecudum 
 
 with thtir hands, and mark the high temples of the victims 
 
 ferro, que libant altaria pateris. Turn pins 
 
 with the sword, and pour out on the altars from goblets of vine. Then ptou
 
 355 175 
 
 ./Eneas, ense stricto, precatur sic: Nunc Sol, et haec 
 
 .Eneas, with sword drawn, prays thus: Now O sun, and this 
 
 terra, propter quam potui perferre tantos labores, 
 
 land, fur which I have been able to endure so great labours, 
 
 esto testis mihi precanti; et omnipotens pater, et tu 
 
 be witness tome praying, and O Almighty father, and thou 
 
 Saturnia Juno, Diva, jam jam melior, precor; que 
 
 Saturnian Juno. O Goddess, now' now more kind, I pray; and 
 
 tu, inclyte Mavors, qui pater, torques cuncta bella sub 
 
 thou, renowned Mars, who as oar father, directest all wars under 
 
 tuo numine: voco que fontes que fluvios, que qu 
 
 thy divinity: I invoke you also ye fountains and ye streams, and whatever 
 
 religio alti aetheris, et quae numina sunt cseruleo 
 
 is the religion of the lofty sky, and whatever duties are in the azure 
 
 ponto. Si fors victoria cesserit Ausonio Turao, 
 
 deep. If by chance victory should fall to Ausonian Turn us, 
 
 convenit victos discedere ad urbem Evandri. 
 
 it is agreed that the conquered shall depart to the city of Evander. 
 
 liilus cedet agris: nee p<5st ^Eneadae rebelles 
 
 lulus shall leave these lands: nor hereafter shall the Trojans rebellious 
 
 referent ulla arma, ve lacessent hsec regna ferro. 
 
 azain bear any arms, or disturb these kingdoms with the sword. 
 
 Sin victoria annuerit Martem nobis nostrum, (ut 
 
 But if victory should yield war to us in our favour, (as 
 
 potius reor, et potius Dt firment numine,) ego 
 
 rather I suppose, and rather may the Gods confirm by their authority.) I 
 
 non jubebo, nee Italos pare re Teucris, nee peto 
 
 will not command, neither the Italians to obey the Trojans, nor do I ask 
 
 regna mihi: ambas gentes invictae mittant se 
 
 kingdoms tot myself: both nations unconquered shall yield themselves 
 
 paribus legibus in aeterna fcedera. Dabo sacra 
 
 to equal laws in eternal leagues. I will grant their sacred observance* 
 
 que Deos: socer Latinus habeto arma, socer 
 
 and Gods: let my father-in-law Latinus possess his arms, my father-in-law 
 
 solenne imperium. Teucri constituent mcenia mihi, 
 
 kis accustomed authority. The Trojans shall build a city for me, 
 
 que Lavinia dabit nomen urbi. ./Eneas prior sic: 
 
 ind Lavinia shall give a name to the city. .iBneaa first thus spoke: 
 
 deinde Latinus sic sequitur, suspicions ccelum que 
 
 Ifterwards Latinua thus follows, looking up to heaven and 
 
 iendit dextram ad sidera: ^Enea, juro haec eadem 
 
 itretohe* Ms right hand to the stars: O ^Eneas, I swear by these same 
 
 terram, mare, sidera, duplex genus Latonse, 
 
 iu'AoriVi>s the earth, the sea, the stars, the double offspring of Latona, 
 
 que bifrontem Janum, que infernam vim . Deum, 
 
 and doublefaced Janus, and the infernal power of the Gods belote. 
 
 et sacraria diri Ditis. 
 
 nd the courts of direful Pluto.
 
 200 
 Gcnitor, qui sancit fcedera fulmine, audiat 
 
 May the father, who sanctifies our treaties by his thunder, li ;ir 
 
 Tango aras, quc teslor mcdios ignes 
 
 these things. I touch the altars, and call to witness the intermediate . fires 
 
 et numina; nulla dies rumpet hanc pacem, nee federa 
 
 and deities; no day shall break this peace, nor treaties 
 
 Italis, quocunque res cadent; nee ulla vis 
 
 with the Italians, whatever events may happen: nor any authority 
 
 avertet me volentem, non si effundat tellurem 
 
 t irn me willingly/nun them, not if it should overwhelm the earth 
 
 in undas, miscens diluvio, ve solvat coelum in 
 
 in the waves, mingling them in a deluge, or break down heaven into 
 
 Tartara. Ut hoc sceptrum, (nam forte gerebat sceptrura 
 
 l.-ii. At this sceptre, (for by chance he bore a sceptre 
 
 dextera 1 ) nunquam fundet virgulta nee umbras 
 
 in his right hand) never shall spread out branches nor shade* 
 
 levi fronde, cum semel recisum de imo stirpe in 
 
 with its light foliage, since once cut up from it* low stem in 
 
 sylvis caret matre, que posuit comas et brachia 
 
 the forest it is deprived of its mother, and has laid down it* leaves and branches 
 
 ferro; olim arbos, nunc manus artificis inclusit 
 
 to the axe; formerly a tree, now the hand of the artist has enclosed ii 
 
 decoro aere, que dedit Latinis paLibus gestare. 
 
 with beauteous brass, and has given it to the Latin fathers to bear. 
 
 Talibus dictis firmabant fcedera inter se in medio 
 
 With such words they confirmed their treaties among themselves in the midst 
 
 conspectu procerum: turn rite jugulant sacratas pecudes 
 
 nf the view of the elders; then in order they butcher the consecrated victims 
 
 in flammam et eripiunt viscera vivis, que cumulant 
 
 in the flame and they take out the entrails from them alive, and heap 
 
 aras oneratis lancibus. At vero ea pugna jamdudum 
 
 the altars with loaded dishes. But indeed this contest at last 
 
 videri Rutulis impar, et pectora misceri vario 
 
 seemed to the Rutulians unequal, and their breasts were mingled with various 
 
 motu; turn magis ut propius cernunt non sequis 
 
 emotion; then more as more nearly they see they are not of equal 
 
 viribus. Turaus adjuvat progressus tacito incessu, 
 
 strength. Turnus increases this impression proceeding with silent walki 
 
 et suppliciter venerans aram demisso lumine, que 
 
 and humbly worshipping the altar with downcast eyes, and 
 
 tabentes gense, et pallor in juvenili corpore. Quern 
 
 his consumptive cheeks, and the paleness on his youthful body. Which 
 
 sermonem simul ac Juturna soror vidit crebrescere, et 
 
 discourse as soon as Juturna his sister saw to spread around, and 
 
 labantia corda vulgi variare; assimulata formam Camerti 
 
 the fainting hearts of the crowd to waver; counterfeiting the form of Camtrtui 
 
 (cui erat ingens genus a proavis, que clarum 
 
 (to whom was a great race from his ancestors, and the distinguished
 
 357 22(5 
 
 .lomen paternse virtutis, et ipse acerrimus armis,) dat 
 
 Tame of liU father's courage, and he most bold in arms,) she throws 
 
 sese in medias acies, baud nescia rerum, que serit 
 
 .erself into the midst of the bands, not ignorant of affairs, and scatters 
 
 varies rumores, ac fatur talia. Non pudet 
 
 various reports, and speaks these words. Does it not shame you 
 
 Rutuli, objectare unam animam pro cunctis talibus? 
 
 O ye Rutulians, to expose one life for all these? 
 
 sumus nonne aequi numero an viribus? En! omnes et 
 
 are we not equal in number or strength? Lo! all both 
 
 Troes et Arcades sunt hie, que Etruria infensa Turno 
 
 Trojans and Arcadians are here, and Etruria is hostile to Turnua 
 
 fatalis manus: vix habemus hostem, si alterni 
 
 a fatal band: scarcely have we an enemy, if one by one 
 
 congrediamur. [lie quidem fama succedet ad Superos, 
 
 we should engage. He indeed by fame shall arise to the Goda 
 
 quorum aris devovet se, que feretur vivus per 
 
 to whose altars he devotes himself, and shall be borne living in 
 
 ora; nos, patriS. amissd, cogemur parere 
 
 the mouths of men; we, our country being lost, are compelled to obey 
 
 superbis dominis, qui nunc lenti consedimus arvis. 
 
 proud masters, who now at our ease sit down on the fields* 
 
 Jam sententia juvenum est magis atque magis incensa 
 
 Now the opinion of the youth is more and more inflamed 
 
 talibus dictis, que murmur serpit per agmina. Laureates 
 
 by these words, and a murmur creeps through the troops. The Laurentinea 
 
 ipsi mutati, que Latini ipsi, qui jam sperabant 
 
 themselves are changed, and the Latins themselves, who but now hoped for 
 
 requiem pugnse sibi, que salutem rebus, nunc 
 
 rest from fighting for themselves, and success in their affairs, now 
 
 volunt arma, queprecantur fcedus infectum: et miserantur 
 
 they wish for arms, and pray the treaty unmade: and they pity 
 
 iniquam sortem Tumi. Juturna adjungit aliud majus 
 
 the unequal lot ofTunius. Juturna adjoins another thing greater 
 
 his et dat signum alto coelo, quo non ullum 
 
 to these and gives a signal from lofty heaven, than which not any 
 
 praesentius turbavit Italas mentes, que fefellit monstro. 
 
 more readily disturbed Italian minds, and deluded them by a prodigy. 
 
 Namque fulvus ales Jovis, volans in rubrS. sethrS. 
 
 For the tawny bird of Jupiter, flying in the reddening sky 
 
 agitabat litoreas aves, que sonantem turbam aligeri 
 
 drove about the shore frequenting birds, and a noisy crowd of a winged 
 
 agminis, cum subito lapsus ad undas, improbus rapit 
 
 troop, when suddenly gliding to the waves cruel he seized 
 
 *?xcellentem cycnura uncis pedibus. 
 
 a beautiful swan in his crooked claws. 
 
 Itali arrexere animos; que cunctse volucres 
 
 The Italians aroused their minds; and all the birds
 
 358 251 
 
 convertunt fugam clamore, mirabile visu! que 
 
 cum their flight with a shout wonderful to Le seen! and 
 
 obscurant aethera pennis, que premunt hostem per 
 
 darken the air with their wings, and press the foe through 
 
 tfuras nube factil; donee ales victus vi et 
 
 the skies a cloud being formed; until the bird overcome by violence and 
 
 pondere ipso, defecit, que projecit prsedam ex unguibus 
 
 the weight itsvlf. Tails. and cast* its prey from its clawa 
 
 fluvio, que penitus fugit in nubila. Turn verd 
 
 into the river, and afar olF flies into the clouds. Then indeed 
 
 Rutuli salutant augurium clamore, que expediunt man us: 
 
 the Rutulians salute the omen with a shout, and draw out their bands: 
 
 que Tolumnius augur primus inquit: Hoc erat, hoc 
 
 and Tolumnius the soothsayer first says: This was, this was that 
 
 quod saepe petivi votis; accipio que agnosco 
 
 fur which often I sought in my prayers; J receive it and acknowledge 
 
 Deos: me, me duce, corfipite ferrum, 6 Rutuli, 
 
 the Gods: I, I being your leader, seize the sword, O Rutulians, 
 
 quos improbus advena territat bello, ut invalidas aves, et 
 
 whom Ms cruel stranger frightens by war, as powerless birds, and 
 
 Eopulat vestra litora vi. Ille petet fugam, que penitus 
 iys waste your shores with violence. He shall seek flight, and afar off 
 
 dabit vela profundo. Vos unammi densate catervas, et 
 
 hall give sail tolhcdeep. Ye of one mind close your bands, and 
 
 pugnd defendite regem raptum vobis. Dixit, et 
 
 with battle defend your king snatched from you. He said, and 
 
 procurrens contorsit telum in adversos hostes: stridula 
 
 hastening hurled Ais weapon against his adverse foe; the hissing 
 
 cornus dat sonitum, et certa secat auras. Simul hoc, 
 
 arrow gives a sound, and sure cuts the air. At once this j done, 
 
 simul ingens clamor, omnes cunei turbati, que 
 
 at once a great cry arises, all the ranks are disturbed, and 
 
 cord a calefacta tumultu. Hasta volans, ut forte 
 
 their hearts are warmed by the tumult. The spear flying, as by chance 
 
 novem pulcherrima corpora fratrum constiterant contra, 
 
 nine roost beautiful bodies of brothers stood opposed. 
 
 quos tot una fida Tyrrhena conjux crearal 
 
 whom though so many one faithful Tuscan wife bad borne 
 
 Arcadio Gilippo; transadigit costas unum horum juvenum 
 
 to Arcadian Gilippus; pierces through the ribs of one of those young men 
 
 egregium forma" et fulgentibus armis, ad medium qua 
 
 distinguished for beauty and shining arms, in tlie middle where 
 
 sutilis balteus teritur alvo, et fibula mordet juncturas 
 
 the sewed belt is worn into the stomach, and the buckle corrodes the joints 
 
 laterum, que eflundit fulva" arena". At fraties, phalanx 
 
 ftlifi sides, and stretches him on the yellow sand. But the brothers, a band 
 
 animosa, que accensa luctu, pars stringunt gladios 
 
 animated, and inflamed with grief, a part draw their Awards
 
 359 277 
 
 manibus, pars corripiunt missile ferrum, que caeci ruunt; 
 
 in their hands, a part seize the flying steel, and blina rush on; 
 
 contra quos agmina Laurentum procurrunt: hinc rursus 
 
 against whom the troops of the" Laurentines rush out: here again 
 
 densi Troes, que Agyllini, et Arcades pictis 
 
 Ihe thickening Trojans, and Agyllenians, and Arcadians with painted 
 
 armis inundant. Sic unus amor habet omnes decernere 
 
 arms overflow. Thus one love possesses all to contend 
 
 ferro. Diripuere aras; turbida tempestas telorum 
 
 with the sword. They tear down ihtir altars; a thick tempest of darts 
 
 it toto coelo, ac ferreus imber ingruit; feiunt 
 
 goes thro' the whole sky, and an iron shower thickens around; they boar off 
 
 que crateras que focos. Latinus ipse fugit referens 
 
 3oth goblets and hearths. Latinus himself flies, bearing back 
 
 pulsates Divos, fcedere infecto. Alii infrapnant 
 
 the repulsed Gods, the treaty being broken. Others rein in 
 
 currus, aut subjiciunt corpora saltu in cquos, 
 
 their chariots, or cast their bodies with a leap on ihcir horses, 
 
 et adsunt strictis ensibus. Messapus, avidus confundere 
 
 and are present withdrawn swords. Messapus, eager tol.n.Tik 
 
 fcedus, proterret Tyrrhenum Aulesten regem, que 
 
 the treaty, strikes against Tuscan Aulestcs a king, and 
 
 gerentem insigne regis, adverso equo; ille recedens 
 
 wearing the ensign of a king, with his opposing horse; he withdrawing 
 
 ruit, et miser involvitur aris oppositis a tergo in 
 
 falls, and wretched rolls over the altars opposing him from behind upou 
 
 caput, que in humeros. At fervidus Messapus advolat 
 
 'tis head, and on his shoulders. But glowing Messapus flies 
 
 hastd que altus desuper equo, graviter ferit, 
 
 with his spear and high from above on his horse, heavily strikes him, 
 
 orantem multa,- trabali telo, atque ita fatur: 
 
 praying many things with his heavy wooden dart, and thus he speaks: 
 
 Habet hoc: haec melior victima data magnis Divis. 
 
 Let him have this: this a better victim offered up to the great Gods. 
 
 Itali concurrunt que spoliant calentia membra. Chorinseus 
 
 The Italians rush together and strip kis warm limbs. Chorinsiis 
 
 corripit ambustum torrem a"b ar&, et, obvius Ebuso 
 
 seized a burning brand from the altar, and meeting Ebusus 
 
 venienti, que ferenti plagam, occupat os flammis. 
 
 coming up, and aiming a blow, strikes his face with the flames 
 
 Tngens barba reluxit illi, que ambusta dedit nidorem. 
 
 His great beard shone to him, and burning gave forth a stench. 
 
 Ipse super secutus, corripit caesariem turbati hostis 
 
 He from above following, seized the hair of his disturbed enemy 
 
 laev, que nitens genu impresso, applic<it ipsurn 
 
 with his left hand, and struggling his knee being pressed, fastens hint 
 
 terra; sic ferit latus rigido ense. Podalirius 
 
 to the earth; thus he strikes his side with his bard tword. Podaliriua
 
 360 304 
 
 sequens, nudo ense, Alsum pastorem, que ruentem per 
 
 following, with Aw naked sword, Alsus the shepherd, as rushing ttm..i|h 
 
 ela primd acie, superimminet, ille disjicit medium 
 
 darts in the front of the army, lowers above Aim, he strike* the mnUi 
 
 frontem, que menturn adversi securi reducti, el 
 
 of the forehead, and chin of hit foe his nxe being drawn back, and 
 
 rigat arma cruore sparse late. Dura quies, et ferreus 
 
 moistens his arms with blood scattered far around. Cruel rest, and iron 
 
 somnus urget oculos, olli; lumina clauduntur in seternam 
 
 leep closes Aii eyes, for him; Aieyes are shut in eternal 
 
 noctem. At pius ^Eneas tendebat dextram inermem, 
 
 night But the pious jEneas stretched forth Aw right hand unarmed, 
 
 capite nudato, atque vocabat suos clamore: Quo 
 
 his head being bare, and called his/rin<* with a Khout: Whither 
 
 ruitis? ve quoe ista repens discordia surgit? cohibete 
 
 do you rush? or what is this sudden discord which arises? O restrain 
 
 iras! jam fcedus ictum, et omnes leges compositae; 
 
 your anger! now a treaty is made, and all the conditions are settled 
 
 mihi soli jus concurrere; sinite me, atque auferte metus; 
 
 to me alone is the right to engage; suffer me, and banish j/ourfears; 
 
 5go faxo foedera firma manu; hsec sacra jam debent 
 
 i will make treaties firm with my hand; these sacred rites now owe 
 
 Turnuin mihi. Inter has voces, inter media talia 
 
 Tuning tome. Among these words, in the midst of these 
 
 verba, ecce stridens sagilta allapsa est alls viro, 
 
 exhortations, lo a hissing arrow glided on wing* to the hero, 
 
 incertum quS. manu pulsa, quo turbine adacta, quit, 
 
 il doubtful by what hand it was sent, by what violence it was burled, who, 
 
 ne casus, ne Deus, attulerit tan tarn laudem 
 
 whether chance, or a God, had obtained so great prats* 
 
 Rutulis; insignis gloria facti est pressa; nee 
 
 for the Rutulians; the distinguished glory of thedeed is concealed; nor 
 
 quisquam jactavit sese vulnere JEnex. Ut Turnus 
 
 did any one boast himself of the wound of /Eneas. As Turnus 
 
 vidit^Eneancedentem ex agmine, que duces turbatos, 
 
 saw JEneas withdrawing from the army, and that the leaders were troubled, 
 
 fervidus ardet subitsl spe; simul poscit equos 
 
 glowing he burns with sudden hope; at the same time be demands horses 
 
 atcue arma, que superbus emicat saltu in carrum, 
 
 and arras, and proud he springs forth with a bound into Aitcharioi, 
 
 et molitur habenas manibus. Volitans dat raulta fortia 
 
 and guides the reins with Aia hands. Flying he gives many brave 
 
 corpora virorum letho; volvit multos semineces, aut 
 
 bodies of men to death; he rolls over many half-dead, or 
 
 proterit agmina curru, aut ingerit hastas raptas 
 
 tramples troops with his chariot, or hurls spears snatched 
 
 fugientibus. Qualis cum sanguineus Mavors, concitus apud 
 
 at those flying. As when bloody Man, excited at
 
 361 331 
 
 fiumina gelidi Hebri, increpat ciypeo, atque movens? 
 
 the streams of cold Hebrus, rattles on Ai.s shield, and moving 
 
 Delia imraittit furentes equos: Illi volant aperto aequore 
 
 war lets loose Ais raging horses: They fly through the open plain 
 
 ante Notos, que Zephyrum. Ultima Thracia gemit 
 
 before the south winds, and the west wind. Remotest Thrace groans 
 
 pulsu pedum, que circum ora atrae Formidinis, que 
 
 by the beating of their feet, and around him the faces of black fear, and 
 
 Irae, que Insidiae, comitatus Dei, aguntur. Talis Turnus 
 
 rage, and stratagem, the retinue of the God, are scattered. Thus Turnus, 
 
 alacer inter media prcelia, quatit equos fumantes sudore, 
 
 joyful in the nudsi- of battle, provokes his horses foaming with sweat 
 
 miserabile msultans caesis hostibus; rapida ungula, 
 
 wretchedly insulting Ais slain foes; the rapid hoof, 
 
 spargit sanguineos rores, que cruor calcatur mistS. 
 
 scatters the bloody dews, and blood is trodden down mingled 
 
 arena. Que jam dedit que Sthenelum, que Thamyrim, 
 
 with sand. And now lie gave both Sthenelus, and Thamyris, 
 
 que Pholum neci,congressus hunc et hunc, ilium erninus; 
 
 and Fholus to death, engaging this and that handtohnnd, theothcrafaroft, 
 
 ambo Imbrasidaa eminus, Glaucum atque Laden, 
 
 he slew also both sons of Imbraaiu at a distance, Glaucus and Ladea, 
 
 quos Imbrasus ipse nutrierat Lycia; .que oneraverat 
 
 whom Imbrasus himself had nourished in Lycia; and bad burdened 
 
 paribus armis, vel conferre manum, vel praevertere 
 
 with equal arms, either to engage hand to hand, or to outstrip 
 
 ventos equo. Ali& parte, Eumedes fertur in media 
 
 the winds on the horse. In another part, Eumedes is borne into the midst 
 
 prcelia, proles antiqui Dolonis praeclara bello, referens 
 
 of tli': battle, the offspring of ancient Dolou renowned in war, restoring 
 
 avum nomine, parentem animo, que 
 
 A is grandfather by his name, Ai father by his courage, and deeds wrought by his 
 
 manibus; qui quondam, ut speculator adiret castra 
 
 hands; who formerly, as a spy approached the camps 
 
 Danaum ausus poscere currus Pelidae pretium sibit 
 
 of the Greeks daring to demand the chariot of Achilles as a reward to himself 
 
 Tydides affecit ilium alio pretio pro talibus ausis; nee 
 
 Diomede punished him with another reward for such daring; nor 
 
 aspirat equis Achillis. 
 
 did he aspire to the horses of Achilles. 
 
 Ut Turnus conspexit hunc procul aperto campo, ante- 
 As Turnus beheld him afar off on the*pen plain, first 
 
 secutus per longum inane levi jaculo, sistit 
 
 having pursued Aim through the long void with a liuht arrow, hestop 
 
 bijuges equos, et desilit curru, atque supervenit 
 
 ti yok'd horses, and leaps from his chariot, and comes up to Atm 
 
 .emianimi que lapso; et colloimpresso pede, extorquet 
 
 half dead and fallen; and Ais neck being prees'd with hit foot, he wrenches
 
 362 357 
 
 mucronem dextrin, et tingit fulgentem altojugulo. 
 
 the blade from kit rigbl hand, and dip* it chining in hit deep throat, 
 
 atque insuper addit hsec. En, Trojane, jacens metire 
 
 and moreover he adds these wonfa. Lo, Trojan, sirclchM out measure 
 
 agros et Hesperiam, quam petfsti bello: ferunt 
 
 the land* and Italy, which you have sought in war: they bear ofl 
 
 praemia, qui ausi tentare me ferro: sic condunl 
 
 rewards, who dare to tempt me with lh sword: thus they build up 
 
 noenia. Mittit huic comitem Buten, cuspiile 
 
 walls. He sends to him for a companion Bute*, hit spear 
 
 conjecti; que Chlorea, que Sybarim, que Dareta, que 
 
 being hurled; and Chlorous, and Sybaris, and Daren, and 
 
 Thersilochum, et Thymoeten, lapsum cervice sternacis 
 
 Thersilochus, and Thymrtes, fallen from the neck of Au plunging 
 
 equi.. Ac velut, cum spiritus Edoni Boreae insonat alto 
 
 horse. And as, when the breath of Thracian Bnrca* resounds on the deep 
 
 jEgaco, que sequitur lluctus ad litora, qua venti 
 
 ^Egean sea, and pursues the waves to the shores, wnere the wind* 
 
 incubuere, nubila dant fugam caclo; sic agmina 
 
 buvfr round, the clouds give flight in the sky; thus tlie troops 
 
 cedunt Turno, quacunque secat viam, que acies 
 
 withdraw from Turnus. Wherever he cuts ACs way, and the armies 
 
 conversae ruunt: impetus fert ipsum, et aura quatit 
 
 turn'd rush out: impetuosity bears him on, and the wind shakes 
 
 cristam volantem adverse curru. Phegeus non 
 
 Ms crest flying against the opposing chariot. Pliegeus did not 
 
 tulit mstantem, que frementem animis: objecii sese ad 
 
 endure At'w pressing on, and raging with anger; he opposed himself to 
 
 currum, et dextrd detorsit ora citatorum 
 
 the chariot, and with kit right hand turned the mouths of the swift 
 
 equorum spumantia fraenis, Dum trahitur, que pcndet 
 
 horses foaming on the reins. While he is borne on, and hangs 
 
 jugis, lata lancea consequitur hunc retectum, que 
 
 from the chariot, Ais broad lance follows him unprotected, and 
 
 infixa rumpit bilicem loricam, et degustat summum 
 
 fastened breaks AM double plated coat of mail, and grazes the surface 
 
 corpus vulnere. Tamen ille conversus ibat clypeo 
 
 riy with a wound. Yet he turning went with Ai shield 
 
 objecto in hostem, et petebat auxilium ducto mucrone; 
 
 opposed to the foe, and sought aid with Avs drawn blade; 
 
 cum rota et axis concitus procursu, impulit praecipitem, 
 
 when the wheel andxis moving on in its course, hurled Aim headlong, 
 
 que effudit solo; que Turnus secutus inter imam 
 
 and overthrew Aim on the ground; and Turnus following between the lowest 
 
 galeam, et oras summi thoracis, abstulit caput 
 
 art / the helmet, and the borders of the highest corslet, cutoff* Ait head 
 
 ense, que reliquit truncum arena. Atque dum 
 
 with Au sword, and left Au trunk onihesuna. And while
 
 363 382 
 
 Turnus. \icto dat ea funera campis, interea 
 
 Tnrnus victorious causes these deaths on the plains; in the mean time 
 
 Mnestheus, et fidus Achates, que Ascanius comes, 
 
 Mnealheiis, and faithful Achates, and Ascanrjs, his companion, 
 
 statuere ^Enean cruentum castris, nitentem alternoa 
 
 placed JEneas bloody in the camp, supporting his alternate 
 
 gressus longa" cuspide. Sasvit, et luctatur eripere telum 
 
 footsteps with a long spear. He rages, and ttruRiiles to tear out the dud 
 
 arundine infract^, que poscit viam auxilio, qua 
 
 the reed being fractured, and be demands away for aid, which i* 
 
 proxima; ut secent vulnus lato ense, que 
 
 nearest; that they should cut the wound with a broad sword, and 
 
 recindant latebram teli penitus, que remittant sese in 
 
 lay open the concealment of the dart deeply, and restore him to 
 
 bella. Que jam lapyx lasides, dilectus Phcebo ante 
 
 the war. And now lapyx the son of lasiug, beloved by Apollo before 
 
 ulios, aderat; cui quondam Apollo ipse, captus acri 
 
 others, was present; to whom formerly Apollo himself, overcome by powerful 
 
 amore, laetus dabat suas artes, sua munera, augurium, 
 
 love, joyfully imparted his arts, his gifts, prophecy 
 
 que citharam, qu,e celeres sagittas. Die, ut proferret 
 
 and music, and the swift arrows. He, thai be might prolong 
 
 fata deposit! parentis, maluit scire potestates 
 
 the fates of /it's dying parent, choose to know the powers 
 
 herbarum, que usum medendi et inglorius agitare 
 
 of herbs, and the uae of healing and without honour to practise 
 
 mutas artes. 
 
 dumb arts. 
 
 jEneas stabat fremens acerba, nixus in ingentem hastan, 
 
 yEneas stood raging bitterly, leaning on his great spear. 
 
 immobilis magno concursu, que lacrymis juvenum et 
 
 unmoved bythegreat, crowd, and the tears of the youth and 
 
 mcerentis liili. Ille senior succinctus amictu in Pteonium 
 
 the mourning lulus. The old man girt with a dress iu the Pzoniart 
 
 morem, nequicquam trepidat multa medici manu, que 
 
 manner. In vain trembles much with his healing hand, and 
 
 polenlibus herbis Phoebi; nequicquam solicitat spicula 
 
 the powerful herbs of Apollo in vain he urges the darts 
 
 dexterd, que prensat ferrum tenaci forcipe. Nulla 
 
 with hit right hand, and seizes the steel with grasping pincers. No 
 
 fortuna regit viam; Apollo auctor subvenit nihil; et 
 
 success guides his way; Apollo Ais patron relieves Aim in nothing; and 
 
 WEVUS horror crebrescit magis ac magis in campis, que 
 
 cruel dread increases more and more in the plains, and 
 
 malum est propius. Jam vident crelum stare pulvere; 
 
 the evil is nearer. Now they see the sky to stand thick wilh rtust: 
 
 equites subeunt, et densa spicula cadunt mediis 
 
 the horsemen succeed and the thickfiying darts full in tlio midiil
 
 364 406 
 
 castris: tiistis clamor bellanlumj uvenum, et cadcntum, 
 
 tfihe cam pc asaddening shout of warring youth, and of those tailing, 
 
 sub duro Marte, it ad aethera. Hie Venus genclnx 
 
 in cruel war, goes to the sky. Here Venus Ma mother 
 
 concussa indigno dolore nati, carpit dictamnum ab 
 
 moved by the unworthy distress of her son, plucks dittany from 
 
 CretaeS. Ida", caulem puberibus foliis, et comantem 
 
 Cretan Ida, the stalk with full grown leaves, and waving 
 
 purpureo flore: ilia gramina non incognita feris capris, 
 
 wiih a purple flower: these plants are not unknown to the wild goats, 
 
 cum volucres sagittae haesere tergo. Venus circumdata 
 
 when swift arrows have stuck in their backs. Venus surrounded 
 
 faciem obscuro nimbo, detulit hoc: hoc infirit 
 
 as to her face with a dark cloud, bore this: with this she tinctured 
 
 fuscum amnem splendentibus labris, medicans occulte, 
 
 the dark water in the shining vats, medicating 't secretly, 
 
 que spargit salubres succos ambrosias, et odoriferam 
 
 and she sprinkles the healthful juices of ambrosia, and scented 
 
 panaceam. Longa^vus lapyx, ignorans, fovit vulnus 
 
 panacea. Aged lapyx, ignorant ofitsvalue, bathes the wound 
 
 e& lympha"; que subito quippe omnis dolor fugit de 
 
 with this water; and suddenly indeed all pain had fled from 
 
 corpore, omnis sanguis stetit imo vulnere, que jam 
 
 Ai. body, all the blood remained in the deep wound, and now 
 
 sagitta, secuta manum, excidit, nullo cogente, atque nova 
 
 tin- arrow, following his hand, fell out, no one forcing it, and new 
 
 vires rediere in pristina. Citi properate arma viro; 
 
 strength returned into its former state. Quick hasten arms for the hero; 
 
 quid statis? lapyx conclamat, que primus accendit 
 
 why do you stand? lupyx cries, and first he inflames 
 
 animos in hostes: Hacc non proveniunt humanis 
 
 Weir minds against the foe. These things do not proceed from human 
 
 opibus, non magistral arte, neque mea dextera servat 
 
 aid, nor ' a master art, nor does my right hand preserve 
 
 te, ^Enea; major Deus agit, atque remittit ad majora 
 
 thee, " O ^Eneas; a greater God does it, and remands you to greater 
 
 opera. Ille, avidus pugnae, incluserat suras auro, hinc 
 
 labours. He, anxious for combat, had enclosed his legs in gold, on this side 
 
 atque hinc, que odit moras, que coruscat haslam. Postquan? 
 
 and that, and hates delays, and brandishes his spear. After 
 
 clypeus est habilis lateri, que lorica tergo, complectitur 
 
 his shield is fitted to his side, and his corslet to hi* buck. he embraces 
 
 Ascanium armis fusis circum, que delibans summa 
 
 Ascanius, his armour being spread around Aim, and kissing the tip 
 
 oscula per galeam, fatur: Puer, disce viitutem 
 
 nf his mouth through hi* helmet, he speaks thus: My boy. learn courage 
 
 que verum laborem ex me, fortunam ex aliis. Nunc 
 
 and true occupation from . me, fortune from others. Nov
 
 365 435 
 
 mea dextera dabit te defensum bello, et ducet inter 
 
 my right hand shall render thee defended in war, and lead thee amid 
 
 magna prsemia. Tu facito, sis rnemor, mox dim 
 
 great rewards. Do you cause, thai you be mindful, soon when 
 
 matura aetas adoleverit; et te, et pater ^Eneas, et 
 
 timely age shall have ripened; and thee, let both your father ./Eneas, and 
 
 avunculus Hector excitet repetentem exempla tuorum 
 
 your uncle Hector excite recalling the examples of your friends 
 
 animo. Ubi dedit base dicta, ingens extulit sese 
 
 to your mind. When he had uttered these words, lofty he withdrew himself 
 
 portis, quatiens immane telum manu; simul que 
 
 from the gates, shaking his immense dart in Ai's hand; at once also 
 
 Anteus, que Mnestheus, ruunt denso agmine, que omnis 
 
 Anteus, arid Mnestheus, rush out in close array, and all 
 
 turba fluit castris relictis: turn campus miscetur 
 
 Hie crowd pours out from the camps abandoned: then the plain is confused 
 
 caeco pulvere, que tellus excita pulsu pedum 
 
 by blinding dust, and ihe earth moved by the beating oflArirfeet 
 
 tremit. Turnus videt venientes ex adverse aggere; 
 
 trembles. Turnus sees them -approaching from the opposite hill; 
 
 Ausonii vidre que gelidus tremor cucurrit per 
 
 the \usnnrans beheld and a cold trembling ran through 
 
 ima ossa. 
 
 their inmost bones. 
 
 Juturna prima audiit ante omnes Latinos, que agnovit 
 
 Juiurna first heard before all the Latins, and knew 
 
 sonum, et tremefacta refugit. Ille volat, que rapit 
 
 the eound, and trembling fled back. He (JEneas) flies, and drives 
 
 atrum agmen aperto campo. Qualis ubi nimbus,- sidere 
 
 Ms dark band on the open plain. As when a storm, a constellation 
 
 abrupto, it per medium mare ad terras: heu! corda, 
 
 setting, passes over the midst of the sea to the land: alasl hearts. 
 
 praescia longe, horrescunt miseris agricolis! ille dabit 
 
 foreseeing far, shudder to the wretched farmers! knowing it will bring 
 
 ruinas arboribus, que stragem satis, que ruet omnia 
 
 desiructijn on the trees, and ruin on the corn-fields, and overturn all things 
 
 late: venti antevolant, que ferunt sonitum ad litora: talis 
 
 far arouud 'he winds fly before, and bear the sound to the shores: thus 
 
 Rhseteiu" ductor agit agmen in adversos hostes: densi 
 
 Khaeteus the leader drives on his troop against his hostile foes: close 
 
 quisque agglomerant se cuneis coactis. Thymbraeus 
 
 each gather themselves in battalions condensed. Thymbraeus 
 
 fcrit gravem Osirim ense, Mnestheus obtruncat 
 
 ctrikes stern Osiris with his sword, Mnestbeus behead* 
 
 Archetium, Achates Epulonem, que Gyas Ufentem. 
 
 Arehetius, Achates kills Epnlon, and Gyas Ufens. 
 
 Tolumnius ipse augur cadit, qui primus torserat telum 
 
 Tolumnius himself the prophet falls who first hurled UK-HUM
 
 366 4GO 
 
 in adversos hosles. Clamor tollitur in coelum; que 
 
 gainst the hostile foes. A shout i raised to heaven; and 
 
 Ratuli versi vicissim dant pulverulenta terga 
 
 the Rutulians wheeling round in their turn givo their dusty bucks 
 
 fugi per agros. Ipse neque dignatur sternere 
 
 in the flight through the fields. He neither comlcscc'iids to prostrate 
 
 aversos morti; nee insequilur congresses requo pede, 
 
 those turning in death; nor does lie follow them cn^uiiing in equal light, 
 
 nec ferentes tela; vestigat Turnum solum, 
 
 nor those throwing darts; he searches for Turnus ulone 
 
 lustrans in densd caligine; poscit solum certamina. 
 
 pursuing Aim in the thick cloud; he demands Aim ulone to the contest 
 
 Virago Juturna, concussa mentem hoc metu, 
 
 The maid Juturna, afflicted in mind with this fear, 
 
 excutit Metiscum aurigam Turni inter media Jora, et 
 
 strikes down Metiscus the charioteer of Turnus in the midst of the reins. ,mcl 
 
 relinquit lapsum, longe temone. Ipsa subit que flectit 
 
 leaves Aim fallen, fur from the beam. She coinr-s up and guides 
 
 undantes habenas manibus, gerens cuncta, que vocem et 
 
 the flowing reins with Aer hands, assuming all, both the voice and 
 
 corpus et arma Metisci. Velut cum nigra hirundo pervolal 
 
 form and arms of Meliscus. As when a black swallow flies ovet 
 
 magnas aedes divitis domini, et lustrat alta atria pennis, 
 
 the spacious palace of a rich lord, and surveys the lofty halls on wings, 
 
 legens parva pabula, que escas loquacibus nidis; ei 
 
 picking up scanty nourishment, and food fnr her noisy young; und 
 
 sonat nunc vacuis porticibus, nunc circum humidastagna: 
 
 twitters now thro' the empty porches, now around the moist pools: 
 
 Juturna, sim;-!is fertur equis per medios hostes, que 
 
 Juturna, in like manner is borne by her horses through the midst of foes, aud 
 
 volans obit omnia rapido curru; que jam hie, que jam 
 
 flying passes over all things in ALT swift chariot; and now here, and i.ow 
 
 hie, ostendit germanum ovantem, nec patitur coi ferre 
 
 there, exhibits her brother triumphing, nor allows Aim to ;ngagt 
 
 manum; volat avia longe. Haud minus A neas. 
 
 Au hand; she flies through retired places far otf. Not less jEneaa 
 
 oovius, legit tortos orbes, que vestigat virum, et \ocat 
 
 opposing, follows Ai>- winding circuits, and seeks out the hero, and ualls Aim. 
 
 magni voce per disjecta agmina. Quoties conjecit 
 
 with a louc! voice through scattered troops. As often as fie turned 
 
 ooulos in hostem, que cursu tentavit fugam alipedum 
 
 kis eyes upon the foe, and in his course tried the speed of Ais swift-footed 
 
 equorum; toties Juturna retorsit aversos currua. Heu, 
 
 horses; so often Juturna turned back the retreating chariot. Alas, 
 
 quid agat? nequicquam fluctuat vario spstu, que 
 
 what can he do? in vain he fluctuates with a varied tide affecting, and 
 
 diversse curae vocant animum in contraria. Messapus. 
 
 conflicting cares call his mind to opposite purpoics. Mcssaiius
 
 3PT 488 
 
 uti forte levis cursu gerebat laevd duo lenta hastilia 
 
 MB by chance swift in his course he bore in bis left hand two slender spears 
 
 praefixa ferro, contorquens unum horutn certo ictu, 
 
 minted with steel, hurling one of these with a sure blow 
 
 dirigit huic. ./Eneas substitit, et collegit se in arma. 
 
 he directs at him. yl'.icas stnpt, and contracted himself within kit arms. 
 
 subsidens poplite: tamen hasta incita tulit summum 
 
 titling down on his hams: yet his spear burled carried the highest 
 
 apicem, que excussit summas cristas vertice. Turn 
 
 tuft, and shook off the loftiest crests from Airhead. Then 
 
 voro irae assurgimt; que subactus insidiis, ubi 
 
 ndeed anger arises; and compelled by the snares of hit foe, when 
 
 sensit equos que currura diversos, referre testatur 
 
 hp perceived Ais horses and chariot turned aside, were borne back, heswears 
 
 multa Jovem, et aras l?esi fcederis. Jam tandem 
 
 ninny things to Jove, and the altars of his broken treaty. Now at last 
 
 invadit medios,, et terribilis secundo Marte, suscitat 
 
 he presses into the midst, and terrible with prosperous war, he provokes 
 
 ssevam csedem nullo discrimine, que effundit omnes 
 
 direful slaughter with no disrriininniion, and give* loose all 
 
 habenas irarum. Nunc quis Deus, quis expediat mihi 
 
 the reins of his passions. Now what God, who can unfold tome 
 
 carmine tot acerba, diversas csedes, que obitum 
 
 in song so many bitter evils, various slaughters, and the death 
 
 ducum, quos nunc Turnus, que nunc Troius heros invicem 
 
 of chiefs, whom .now Turnus, and now the Trojan hero by turns 
 
 agit toto aequore? Jupiter, ne placuit gentes, 
 
 drives through the whole plain? O Jupiter, whether does it please thet that nations 
 
 futuras in aeternd pace, concurrere tanto motu? 
 
 about to be in eternal peace, should conflict in so great commotion? 
 
 JEnezs, baud moratus multa, excipit Rutulum Sucronem 
 
 yEneas, not delaying much, strikes Rutuliau Sucro 
 
 in latus (ea pugna prima statuit loco Teucros 
 
 in the side (this contest first restrained in their place the Trojans 
 
 ruentes) et qua fata celerrima, adigit crudum ensem 
 
 rushing on) and where fates are most active, he plunges his naked pword 
 
 trans costas et crates pectoris. Turnus, pedes 
 
 through Ai's ribs and grated openings of Ais breast. Turnus, on foot 
 
 congressus Amycum dejectum equo, que fratrem 
 
 attacking Amycus thrown from hi* horse and Ais brother 
 
 Diorem, ferit hunc venientem^ longd cuspide ferit 
 
 Diores, strikes the one coming up wilh his long spear, he stabs 
 
 hunc mucrone; que suspendit abscissa capita duorum 
 
 Ihe other with his sword; and bangs the dissevered heads of the two 
 
 curru, et portat rorantia sanguine. Ille mittit 
 
 trom his chariot and bears them off bedewed with blood. He dispatches 
 
 Talon que Tanaim neci, que fortem Cethegum, trea 
 
 Talon and Tanais to death, and, brave Cethegum. the three
 
 368 515 
 
 uno congressu, et mcestum Onyten; Echionium nomen, 
 
 in one aliack, and mournful Onytcs; an Echionian name, 
 
 que genus matris Peridiae. Hie fratres missos 
 
 and the race of his mother Pcridia. He (Turnus} kills his brothers 8ent 
 
 Lycia" et agris Apollinis, et Menoeten Arcada juvenem 
 
 from Lycia and the territorieoof Apollo, and Menretes an Arcadian youth 
 
 nequicquam exosum bella; cui ars, que pauper domus 
 
 in vain detesting wars; whose arts, and poor dwelling 
 
 fuerat circum flumina piscosae Lernae; nee limina 
 
 had been around the streams of fishy Lerna; nor were the gate* 
 
 potentum nota, que pater serebat conducts, tellure. 
 
 of the powerful known to him, and his father Bowed on rented land. 
 
 Ac velut ignes immissi diversis partibus in arentem 
 
 And as tires let loose from different parts in the dry 
 
 sylvam, et virgulla lauro sonantia; aut ubi spumosi 
 
 wood, and shrubbery with laurel rustling; or when foaming 
 
 amnes, rapido decursu de altis montibus, dant sonitum, 
 
 streams, in their swift descent from the high mountains, cause a sound, 
 
 et currunt in aequora, quisque populatus suum iter, non 
 
 and run into the sea, each one laying waste its own path; not. 
 
 segnius* ambo ^Eneas que Turnus, ruunt per prcelia; 
 
 more slothfully both ^Eneas and Turnus, rush through battles; 
 
 nunc, mine ira fluctuat intus: pectora nescia vinci 
 
 now, now rage fluctuates within: their breasts ignorant to be conquered 
 
 rumpunt.ur; nunc itur totis viribus in vulnera. 
 
 are burst vnth anger, now they go with all tAeirstrength to wounds. 
 
 Hie scopulo atque turbine ingentis saxi, excutit 
 
 This one with a rock and the whirling of a great stone, strikes 
 
 prcecipitem, que effundit solo Murranum, sonantem 
 
 headlong, and throws out upon the ground Murranus, sounding forth 
 
 atavos et antiqua nomina avorum, que omne genus 
 
 his ancestors and the ancient names of his progenitors, and his whole race 
 
 actum per Latinos reges; rotte provolvSre hunc subter 
 
 derived through Latin kings; the wheels rolled him undet 
 
 lora et juga; et, super, ungula equorum, nee memorum 
 
 the reins and yoke; and, moreover, the hoof of the horses, not mindfiT. 
 
 domini, incita proculcat crebo pulsu. 
 
 of their master, excited treads Aim down by its frequent blow. 
 
 Hie occurrit Ho ruenti que freraenti immana 
 
 He (Turnus) meets Ilus rushing on and raging dreadfull> 
 
 animis, que torquet telum ad aurata tempora; hasta 
 
 in his mind, and hurls his dart at A is gilded temples; the spent 
 
 stetit olli cerebro fixo per galeam, nee tua dextera 
 
 stands in his brains pierced through the helmet, nor did thy right hand 
 
 eripuit te Turno, Creteu, fortissime Graium; nee 
 
 natch thfie from Turn us, O Creteus, the bravest of the Greeks; not 
 
 sui Di texcre Cupencum, JEne veniente. Dedit 
 
 did his own Gods protect Cupencus, /Eneas coming up. He yielded
 
 369 54} 
 
 pectora obvia ferro: nee mora ris clypei 
 
 kis breast to meet the sword: nor did the obstruction of his brazen shield 
 
 profuit rnisero. Laureates campi viderunt te 
 
 profit its wretched owner. The Laurentine plains beheld thce 
 
 quoque JEole, oppetere, et consternere terram late 
 
 hk /wise O /Eolus, fall, and spread the earth far around 
 
 tergo. Occidis, quern Argivae phalanges non potuere 
 
 with your back. You fall, whom the Grecian bands could not 
 
 sternere, nee Achilles eversor regnorum Priami. Hie 
 
 prostrate, nor Achilles the overturncr of the kingdoms of Priam. Here 
 
 erant tibi metse mortis: alta domus sub Ida; 
 
 were to you the limits of your death: a proud palace under mount Ida, 
 
 alta domus Lyrnessi; sepulcrum Laurente .solo. Adeo 
 
 a proud palace in Lyrnessus; your tomb is on the Laurentian soil. Thus 
 
 totae acies co'nversae; que omnes Latini, omnes Dardanidae: 
 
 nil the troop? are turned: both all the Latins, all the Trojans: 
 
 Mnestheus, que acer Serestus, et Messapus, domitor 
 
 Mnestheus, and bold Serestus, and Messapus, the tamer 
 
 equum, et fortis Asylas, que phalanx Tuscorum, que alae 
 
 of horses,, and brave Asylas, and a band of Tuscans, and troops 
 
 Evandri Arcadis, viri, quisque pro se, nituntur 
 
 of Evander the Arcadian, heroes, each one for himself, struggle 
 
 summd vi opum; nee mora, nee requies; 
 
 with the grea'est effort of their strength; there is no delay, nor rest; 
 
 tendunt vasto certamine. Hie pulcherrima genetrix 
 
 they strive with a great effort. Here Ais most beauteous mother 
 
 misit mentem JEneas, ut iret ad rnuros, que 
 
 influenced the mind of /Eneas, that he should go to the walls, and 
 
 adverteret agmen urbi ocyus, et turbaret Latinos 
 
 bring back his army to the city quickly, and should confound the Latins 
 
 subitd clade. Ille, ut circumtulit acies hue atque 
 
 by sudden slaughter. He, as he turned around his eyes here and 
 
 hue, vestigans Turnum per diversa agmina, aspicit 
 
 there, searching for Turnus through the different troops, beholds 
 
 urbem immunem tanti belli, atque quietam impune. 
 
 the city free from so great a war, and undisturbed at rest. 
 
 Continue 1 imago majoris pugnae accendit; vocat Mnesthea 
 
 Forthwith the image of a greater battle inflames him; he calls Mnestheus 
 
 que Sergestum, que fortem Serestum ductores, que capit 
 
 and Sergestus, and brave Serestus leaders, and takes 
 
 tumulum quo" cagtera legio Teucrum concurrit, nee 
 
 (he hill where the other 'legion of the Trojans run together, nor 
 
 densi deponunt scuta aut spicula; stans medms 
 
 crowned do they lay down their shields or darts; standing in the midst 
 
 fatur celso aggere; nee esto qua mora meis 
 
 tie speaks from the lofty mound; let there be not any hinderance to my : 
 
 dictis; Jupiter stat tide, neu quis ito segnior mihi 
 
 words Juoiter stands on thisijife, nor let arfy one proceed more slothful to ma
 
 370 866 
 
 ob subitum incept urn. Hodie eruam urbem 
 
 on account of the Hidden purpose. This day 1 will upturn Ibe city 
 
 causam belli, regna ipsa Latini, ni victi 
 
 (he caube of the war. the kingdom itself ofLatinui, unless vanquished 
 
 fatentur accipere frsenum, et parere, et ponam 
 
 they shall consent to receive our reins of authority, and to obey *, and I will lay 
 
 culmina fumantia aequa solo. Scilicet exspectem 
 
 their towers smoking even with the ground. Truly shall I wait 
 
 dum libcat Turno pati nostra praelia, que victus 
 
 while it shall please Turnus to endure our battle, and vanquished 
 
 rursus velit concurrere? 6 cives, hie caput, haec 
 
 again will be encounter ne7 O my countrymen, this it the heart, this 
 
 summa nefandi belli. Ferte faces propere, que 
 
 the chief cause of the accursed war. Bring firebrands quickly, and 
 
 reposcite feed us fiammis. 
 
 redemand the treaty with flames. 
 
 Dixerat: atque animis pariter certantibus omnes dant 
 
 He said: and their minds together contending all form 
 
 cuneum, que feruntur ad muros densi mole. Improviso 
 
 battalion, and are borne to the walls in a clone mam. Unexpectedly 
 
 scalie, que subitus ignis apparuit Alii discurrunt ad 
 
 ladders, and a sudden fire appear. Some run to 
 
 portas, que trucidant primos: alii torquent ferrum, 
 
 the gates, and batcher the firlt they encounter: others burl the steel, 
 
 et obumbrant aethera telis. ^Eneas ipse, inter primos, 
 
 and darken the sky with darts. JSneaa himself, among the first, 
 
 tendit dextram sub magma, que incusat Latinum 
 
 stretches forth *i> right hand beneath the walls, anil accuses Latinus 
 
 magnS. voce; que testatur Deos, cogi iterum 
 
 with a loud voice; and calls to witness the God?, that he is forced again 
 
 ad prdia; Italos jam bis liostes, haec altera 
 
 to battle;(AatthA Italians now ar twice Av enemies, that .these other 
 
 foedera rumpi. Discordia exoritur inter trepidos cives: 
 
 leagues are broken. Discord arises among the trembling citizens: 
 
 alii jubent reserare urbem, et pandere portas Dardanidis, 
 
 some command to unlock the city, and to opeu the gates to the Trojans 
 
 que trahunt regem ipsum in moenia. Alii ferunt arma, et 
 
 aifd they draw the king himself to the walls. Others bear arms, and 
 
 pergunt defendere muros, Ut cum pastor vestigavit apes 
 
 proceed (' to defend the walls, As when a shepherd has searched out bees 
 
 inclusas in latebrosi pumice, que implevit amaro fumo; 
 
 inclosed f in 'a dark cliff, and filled it with bitter smoke; 
 
 discurrunt per cerea castra, que acuunt iras 
 
 they run around through their waxen camps, and 'excite their TORC 
 
 magnis stridoribus: ater odor volvitur tectis; turn 
 
 with great buzzing: a black stench is rolled through their cells; then 
 
 saxa intus sonant cseco murmure; fumus it ad vacua.* 
 
 Iho rocks within resound witbblind murmuring; smoke goes to the vacant
 
 371 593 
 
 auras. Haec fortuna etiam accidit fessis Latinis, qua 
 
 mrt, This fortune also happened to the wearied Latins, whicb 
 
 funditus. concussit totam urbcm luctu. Ut rcgina 
 
 to it* foundation shook the whole city with grief. A* the quoin 
 
 Erospicit hostem venientem tectis, muros incessi, 
 held the enemy approaching to the houses, the walla to be attacked. 
 
 ignes volare ad tecta; Rutulas acies nusquam contra, 
 
 fires to fly to the roofs; The Rutulian armies no where in opposition, 
 
 nulla agmina Turni; infelix credit juvenem 
 
 uo troops of Turnus to beaten; wretched she believes .the youth 
 
 exstinctum in certamine pugnas, et, turbata mentem subito 
 
 is killed in the conflict of battle, and, distracted in mind by sudden 
 
 dolore, clamat, se causam, que crimen, que ' capul 
 
 griff, she cries out, that she is the cause, and the crime, and the four 'lain 
 
 malorum; que demons effiita multa per- 
 
 of tkeir misfortunes; and distracted she utters many things through 
 
 mrestum furorem, moritura discindit purpureos amictus 
 
 mournful madness, about to die she tears her purple rubes 
 
 manu, et nectit nodum informis lethi ab alt a" trabe, 
 
 with her hands, and ties a knot of haggard death from a lofty beam, 
 
 Quam cladem postquam miserae Latinae accepere, 
 
 Which murder after the wretched Latin women bad received, 
 
 filia Lavinia prima furit, laniata flavos crines et 
 
 tr daughter Lavinia first rages, torn as to her beautiful locks and 
 
 roseas genas; turn caetera turba circum; aedes resonant 
 
 roseate cheeks: then the other crowd around; the palace resounds 
 
 late plangoribus. Hinc infelix fama vulgatur per 
 
 for around with cries. Hence the unhappy report is spread through 
 
 totam urbem. Demittunt mentes. Latinus it scissA 
 
 the whole city. They cast down tkeir minds. Latinus goes out with torn 
 
 veste. Attonitus fatis conjugis, que ruind urbis, 
 
 dress. Amazed by the fate of his wife, and the destruction of the city, 
 
 turpans canitiem perfusam immundo pulvere; que incusat 
 
 defiling his grey hair overspread with filthy . dust; arid accuses 
 
 se multa, qui non acceperit Dardanium 
 
 himself of many things, that he had not received Trojan 
 
 ^nean ante, que asciverit generum ultro. Interea 
 
 jf.neas before, and invited Aim as a son-in-law willingly. In the mean time 
 
 bellator Turnus sequitur paucos palantes in extreme 
 
 .the warrior Turnus follows a few wandering about in the extremity of the 
 
 jequore, jam segnior; atque jam minus atque minus 
 
 plain, now more listless; and now less and less 
 
 tetus successu equorum. Aura attulit illi hunc 
 
 joyful by the success of his horses. The wind brought to him this 
 
 clamorem commixtum caecis terroribus, que sonus 
 
 rry commingled with blind terrors, and the sound 
 
 confusx urbis, et illaetabile murmur impulit arrectas 
 
 of the confused city, and the joyless murmuring struck kit attentive
 
 372 630 
 
 aures. Hei mihi! quid mcenia turbantur tanto luctu? 
 
 ar. Alas mel why an; our walls disturbed by so great grief? 
 
 ve quis tantus clamor ruit ab diversd urbe? 
 
 or what great noise runhen from a distant part of the city? 
 
 Sic ait, que amens subsistit habenis adductis; atqne 
 
 Thus he said, and mad stopt A is route being drawn up: and 
 
 soror, ut, conversa in faciein Metisci aurigae, regebat que 
 
 kis litter, a being changed into the formof Mctiscus the charioteer, guided both 
 
 turrum et equos et lora, accurrit huic talibus dictis: 
 
 the chariot and horses and the reins, replied to him in these wnrdai 
 
 Turne, sequamur Trojugenas hac, qua victoria prima 
 
 O Turnus, let us pursue the sons of Troy here, where victory first 
 
 pandit viam. Sunt alii qui possunt defendere tecta 
 
 opens away There are others who can defend thedwellings 
 
 manu: ^Eneas ingruit Italis, et miscet pro3lia. Et 
 
 with their hand: yEneas attacks the Italians, and intermingles buttle. And 
 
 nos mittamus saeva funera Teucris manu. 
 
 Ictus send direful death to the Trojans with our hand, 
 
 recedes nee inferior numero, nee honore pugnse. 
 
 you shall withdraw neither inferior in number, nor honour of buttle. 
 
 Turnus ad haec: O soror, et dudum agnovi, cum 
 
 Turnus replied to these things: O sister, even at length I have known, when 
 
 prima turbasti fcedera per artem, que dedisti te 
 
 first you disturbed our leagues by art, and you have yielded yourself 
 
 in haec bella; et nunc Dea nequicquam fallis. Sed qnis 
 
 to these wars; and now a Goddess in vain you deceive. But who 
 
 voluit te demissarn Olympo ferre tantos labores? an ut 
 
 has wished you sent down from heaven to endure so great labours? or that 
 
 videres crudele lethum miseri fratris? nam quid 
 
 you might see the cruel death of your wretched brother? for uh.it 
 
 ago? aut quffi fortuna jam spondet salutem? Jpse vidi 
 
 can I do? or what fortune now promises safety? I have sn.-u 
 
 Murranum, quo non alter superat carior mihi, 
 
 Murrnnus, than whom not another survives more dear to me, 
 
 vocantem me voce, ingentem atque victum ingenti 
 
 calling me with Aw voice, a great nan and vanquished by a great 
 
 vulnere, oppetere ante meos oculos. Infelix Ufens occidit, 
 
 wound, to fall before my eyes. Unhappy Ufens fell, 
 
 ne aspiceret nostrum dedecus: Teucri potiuntur corpora 
 
 nor did be behold our dishonour- The Trojans possess his bony 
 
 et armis. Perpetiarne domos exscindi? id unum defuit 
 
 and arms. Shall I suffer our houses to be destroyed? this alone was wanting 
 
 rebus; nee refellam dicta Drancis dextra? 
 
 to our affairs; nor shall I refute the words of Drances with my right hand? 
 
 Dabo terga? et haec terra videbit Turnum fugientem? 
 
 Shall I give my back? and shall Ms land behold Turnus flying? 
 
 Est ne usque, adeo miserum mori? O vos manca 
 
 Is it even, so dreadful a thing to die? O ye shades
 
 373 646 
 
 este boni mihi, quoniam voluntas Superis aversa. 
 
 be ye kind tome, since the will of the Gods is hostile. 
 
 Descendam ad vos sancta anima, atque inscia istius 
 
 I will descend to you a holy soul, and unconscious of this 
 
 culpae, baud unquam indignus magnorum avorum. Vix 
 
 fault, not ever unworthy of my great ancestors. Scarcely 
 
 erat fatus ea; ecce! Sages, vectus spumante 
 
 had he spoken these things; when lot Sages, borne on his foaming 
 
 equo volat per medios hostes, saucius ora adversa 
 
 horse flies through the midst of the foes, wounded in Ats face opposed 
 
 sagitta, que ruit implorans Turnum nomine: 
 
 to AIM, with an arrow, and rushed on entreating Turnus by name: 
 
 Turne, suprema salus in te; miserere tuorum. ^Eneas 
 
 O Turnus, our last safety is in thee; pity your friends. JEnea 
 
 fulminat armis; que minatur dejecturum summas 
 
 thunders in arms; and threatens Mat he will throw down the lofty 
 
 arces Italorum, que daturum excidio, que jam faces 
 
 towers of the Italians, and will give them to destruction, and now firebrands 
 
 volant ad tecta. Latinr ora in te; referunt oculos 
 
 fly to the roofs. The Latins turn their faces on thee; they turn their eyes 
 
 in te; rex Latinus ipse mussat quos vocet generos, aut 
 
 on thee; king Latinus himself hesitates whom he shall call sons-in-law, or 
 
 ad quaj fcedera flectat sese. Praeterea regina ipsa, 
 
 to what treaties he shall yield himself. Besides the queen herself. 
 
 fidissima tui, occidit su dexterS,, que exterrita fugit 
 
 most faithful to you, has fallen by her own right hand, and terrified fliea 
 
 lucem. Messapus et acer Atinas soli sustentant aciem 
 
 the light. Messapus and bold Atinas alone sustain the battle 
 
 pro portis. Dens phalanges stant utrinque circum 
 
 before the gates. The crowded battalions stand on each side around 
 
 hos, que ferrea seges horret strictis mucronibus: 
 
 these, and an iron harvest bristles up with drawn sword: yet 
 
 tu versas currum in deserto gramine. Turnus, confusus 
 
 you turn your chariot on the desert grass. Turnus, confounded 
 
 varift imagine rerum, obstupuit et stetit tacito 
 
 by this varied image of things, stood amazed and remained in a silent 
 
 obtutu. Ingens pudor aestuat in imo corde, que insania 
 
 posture. Great shame bails in his inmost heart, and madness 
 
 misto luctu, et amor agitatus furiis et conscia virtus. 
 
 with mingled grief, and love agitated by rage and conscious courage. 
 
 Ut primum umbrae discussae, et lux est reddita menti, 
 
 As first the shades were dispelled, and light is restored toAisminJ, 
 
 turbidus torsit ardentes orbes oculorum ad mcenia, eque 
 
 troubled he turned the glowing balls of /us eyes to the walls, and from 
 
 rotis respexit ad magnam urbem. Autemecce! vortex 
 
 the wheels looked back to the great city. But lo! a torrent 
 
 flammis volutus inter tabulata undabat ad coelum, que 
 
 with flames rolled on among the planks ascended to heaven, and
 
 374 673 
 
 tenebat turrim; quam turrim ipse eduxerat compactis 
 
 neld the tower; which tower be had raised with compact 
 
 trabibus, que subdiderat rotas, que instraverat altos 
 
 Umbers, and bid placed under it wheels, and had spread over it high 
 
 pontes. Soror, jam Fata sjiperant; absiste. morari, 
 
 bridges. O sister, he gays, now the Fates rule; forbear to delay me, 
 
 sequamur qurj Deus et qud dura fortuna vocat; stat 
 
 let us follow where God and where cruel fortune calls; it i* determined 
 
 conferre manum xEne; stat pati quidquid 
 
 to engage the hand with /Eneas; it is determined to suffer anything 
 
 acefbi est morte: nee germana, videbis me indecorem 
 
 of cruelty Mere is in death: nor O lister, shall you behold me disgraced 
 
 amplius. Oro, sine me furere hunc furorem ante". 
 
 any longer. I pray you, permit me to rage out this madness first. 
 
 Dixit, et dedit saltum ocyus e curru arvis; que 
 
 He said, and gave a leap quickly from his chariot on the fields: and 
 
 ruit per hostes, per tela, que deserit mcestam sororem; 
 
 rushed through foes, through darts, and deserts his mournful eister, 
 
 ac rumpit ,media agmina rapido cursu. Ac veluli 
 
 and breaks through the midst of the troops with rapid course. And .is 
 
 clim saxum -ruit praeceps de vertice mentis, avulsum 
 
 when a rock rushea headlong from the top of a mountain, torn up 
 
 vento, seu turbidus imber proluit, aut vestustas 
 
 by the wind, whether a raging storm has washed i(, or antiquity 
 
 sublapsa solvit annis; improbus mons fcrtur in 
 
 undermining loosened it by years; the destructive mass is borne along 
 
 abruptum magno actu, que exsultat solo, involvens 
 
 the abyss with great violence, and rebounds on tin- ground, overwhelming 
 
 sylvas, amenta, que viros secum: sic Turn us ruit per 
 
 wood;), herds, and , men with itself: thus Turnus. rushed through 
 
 disjecta agmina ad muros urbis, ubi plurima terra 
 
 .be scattered bands to the walls of the city, where the extensive laud 
 
 madet sanguine fuso, que aurae strident hastilibus. 
 
 is moist with blood shed, and the breezes hiss vvith.darts. 
 
 Que significat manu, et simul incipit magno ore: 
 
 And he signifies by his hand, and at once begins with a great voice: 
 
 Rutuli, jam parcite, et vos, Latini, inhibite tela, 
 
 O Rutulians, now cease, and you, Latins, prohibit weapons, 
 
 quacunque fortuna est, est mea: verius me unum 
 
 whatsoever fortune there is, is mine: it is more fit forme alone 
 
 luere fcedus pro vobis, et decernere ferro. Omnes 
 
 to expiate the league for you, and contend with (he sword. All 
 
 medii discess^re, que dedere spatium. At paler 
 
 in the midst withdrew, and surrendered the space. But father 
 
 ^neas, nomine Tumi audito, et deserit muros, et 
 
 ./Eneas, the name of Turnus being heard, boih deserts the walls, a nj 
 
 tleserit summas arces, que praecipitat omnes moras* 
 
 deserts the lofty towers, and banishes all drluva:
 
 375 700 
 
 rumplt omnia opera, exsultans laetitia, que intonat 
 
 he breaks through all their works, exulting with joy, and thunders 
 
 horrendiim armis; quantus Athos, aut quantus Eryx, 
 
 dreadfully inarms; as great as Athos, or as great a> Eryx 
 
 nut quantus pater Apenninus ipse, cum fremit, coruscis 
 
 or as great as father Apenninus himself, when he rages, with waving 
 
 ilicibus, que gaudet attollens se nivali vertice ad 
 
 oaks, and rejoices uplifting himself with his snowy top to 
 
 auras. Jam veio et Rutuli certatim, et Tree's, ct 
 
 the skies. Now indeed also the Rutulians eagerly, and the Trojans, an 
 
 omnes Itali convertere oculos, que qui tenebant 
 
 all the Italians turned their eyes, both they who retained 
 
 alta moerria, que qui pulsabant imos muros 
 
 the lofty walls, and they who beat the lowest wall 
 
 ariete: que deposuere arma humeris. 
 
 with the battering ram. and they laid aside their arms from their shoulders. 
 
 Latinus ipse stupet, ingentes viros, genitos diversis 
 
 Latinus hiuiself is amazed, that great men, born in different 
 
 partibus orbis, coiisse inter se et cernere 
 
 parts of the globe, should have united among themselves even to contend 
 
 ferro. Atque illi ut que campi patuerunt vacuo 
 
 with the sword. And they as -also the spaces were made clear in the vacant 
 
 aequore, hastis conjectis eminus rapido procursu, 
 
 plain, their spears being cast far off with rapid projection, 
 
 invadunt Marie m clypeis atque sonoro aere. Tellus 
 
 they press on the war withshields and resounding bran. The eartb 
 
 dat gemitum: turn congeminant crebros ictus ensibus. 
 
 gives a groan; then they redouble their frequent blowi with their swords. 
 
 Fors et virtus miscentur in unum. Ac velut ingenti 
 
 Chance and courage are commingled in one. And as on great 
 
 Sila ve summo Taburno cum duo tauri incurrunt frontibus 
 
 Sila or lofty Taburnus when two bulls rush together their fronts 
 
 convecsis in inimica prcelia, pavidi magistri cessere; 
 
 being turned to hostile battle, the frightened masters have withdrawn; 
 
 omne pecus stat mutum metu, que juvencae mussant, 
 
 all the flnck stands dumb with fear, and the heifers low, 
 
 quis imperitet pecori, quern tota armenta 
 
 doubting who shall rule the flock, whom the whole herds 
 
 sequantur: illi miscent vulnera inter se mult& 
 
 shall follow: they intermingle wounds among themselves with much 
 
 vi, que obnixi infigunt cornua, et lavant colla 
 
 violence, and struggling they entangle their horns, and bathe their necks 
 
 que armos largo sanguine: omne nemus remugit 
 
 and shoulders with copious blood: the whole grove rebellow* 
 
 gemitu. Haud aliter Tros ^Eneas et Daunius hcros 
 
 with groaningr Not otherwise Trojan ./Eneas and the Daunian heio 
 
 concurrunt clypeis: Ingens fragor complet aethera. 
 
 encounter with their shields: A great noise fills the aii.
 
 376 725 
 
 Jupiter ipse sustinet duas lances aequato examine, et 
 
 Jupiter himself sustains two scales with equal weight, and 
 
 imponit diversa fata duorum: quern labor damnet 
 
 places in Mem the different fates of the two: whom labour may condemn 
 
 et qua pondere lethum vergat. Hie Turnus emicat, 
 
 and by what weight death may decline. Here Turnus spring* forward, 
 
 et toto corpore consurgit in ensem sublatum alte, 
 
 and with his whole body rises on Ai* sword lifted high, 
 
 putans impune, et ferit. Trees exclamant, 
 
 thinking hecovlddoit safely, and strikes. The Trojans exclaim, 
 
 que Latini trepidi, que acies amborum arrectae. At 
 
 arid the Latins ore trembling, and the armies of both are aroused. But 
 
 perfidus ensis frangitur, que deserit ardentem in 
 
 kia treacherous sword is broken, and abandons Aim burning in 
 
 medio ictu, ni fuga subeat subsidio, Fugit 
 
 the midst of the blow, unless flight would succeed to At* relief. He flics 
 
 ocyor Euro, ut aspexit capulum ignotum que 
 
 swifter than the east wind, as he beheld a hilt unknown and 
 
 dextram inermem. Est fama cum conscendebat 
 
 kin right hand unarmed. There is a report that when be mounted 
 
 equos junctos in prima prcelia, patrio mucrone 
 
 Ais horses yoked in the first contests, his father's sword 
 
 relicto, dum trepidat, prascipitem rapuisse ferrum 
 
 being left, while he trembles with anxiety, hurried he snatch'd the sword 
 
 aurigae Metisci, que id sufFecit diu, dum Teucri 
 
 of hit charioteer Metiscus, and that supplied Aim long, while the Trojans 
 
 dabant palantia terga: postquam ventum est ad 
 
 gave their retreating backs: after it camu to 
 
 Vulcania arma Dei, mortalis.mucro dissiluit ictu, 
 
 the Vulcanian arms of the God, the mortal blade snapt asunder with a blow, 
 
 ceu futulis glacies: fragmina resplendent fulvS. arena 1 . 
 
 as brittle ice: the fragments glitter on the yellow sand. 
 
 Ergo Turnus, amens, petit diversa sequora fugd, et 
 
 Therefore Turnus, mad, seeks different plains by flight, and 
 
 implicat incertos orbes; nunc hue, indehuc. Enim 
 
 winds about in doubtful circles; now here, then there. For 
 
 Teucri inclusere undique dens corona*, atque 
 
 the Trojans surrounded Aim on each side by a dense circle, and 
 
 bine vasta palus, hinc ardua mania cingunt. 
 
 on this side an extended marsh, on that high walls enclose Aim. 
 
 Nec minus ^Eneas insequitur, quanquam genua, tardata 
 
 Nevertheless *nca9 pursues, although his knees, impeded 
 
 sagittd, interdum impediunt que recusant cursum, que 
 
 by an arrow, sometime* restrain him and refuse speed, and 
 
 fervidus urget pede pedem trepidi. Veluti 
 
 glowing he presses on with Ais fool to the foot of Au trembling foe. At 
 
 si quando vcwator canis, naclus cervum, inclusum in 
 
 if when a hunting dog, having found astag, enclosed bj
 
 377 750 
 
 flumine, aut septum formidine puniceae pennae, instat 
 
 a river, or hedged in by the fear of the crimson wing, presses on 
 
 ei cursu et latratibus: autem ille, territus insidiis 
 
 x him in the chase and with barking: but he, affrigtiiened by the snares 
 
 et alta ripa", fugit, et refugit mille vias: At vividus 
 
 and a high bank, flics on, and flies back a thousand ways: But the lively 
 
 Umber hians haeret que jam tenet que jam similis 
 
 Unibrian dog gaping hangs to him and now holds Ian and now like 
 
 tenenti increpuit malls, que elusus est inani 
 
 to one holding chides with barkinff jaws, and is mocked with delusive 
 
 morsu: turn vero clamor exoritur, que ripae que lacus 
 
 bile: then indeed aery is raised, and the banks and lakes 
 
 circa responsant, et omne ccelum tonat tumultu. Ille 
 
 around reply, and now the heaven thunders with tumult. He 
 
 simul fugiens, simul increpat omnes Rutulos, 
 
 at the same time escaping, at the same time rebukes all the Rutulians, 
 
 vocans quemque nomine, que efflagitat notum ensem. 
 
 calling each one byname, and demands A Well known sword. 
 
 ./Eneas contra minatur mortem que praesens exitium, 
 
 /Eneas on the other band threatens death and present destruction, 
 
 si quisquam adeat; qu< terret trementes, 
 
 if anyone should approach /.*m; and terrifies them trembling, 
 
 minitans excisurum urbem, et saucius instat. 
 
 threatening thai he will tear down the city, and wounded presses on. 
 
 Explent quinque orbes cursu, que retexunt totidem 
 
 They accomplish five circles in the race, and unravel as many 
 
 hue, illuc. Emm nee levia aut ludicra prasmia petuntur: 
 
 hither, and thither. For neither light or trifling rewards are sought 
 
 sed certant de vita" et sanguine Turni. Forte oleaster 
 
 but they contend for the life and blood of Turnus. By chance a wild olive 
 
 amaris foliis, sacer Fauno, steterat hie, olim lignum 
 
 with bitter leaves, sacred to Faunu, bad stood here, formerly a wood 
 
 venerabile nautis, ubi servati ex undis, solebant 
 
 venerated by sailors, when preserved from the waves, they were accustomed 
 
 figere dona Laurenti Divo, et suspendere votas 
 
 to place their gifts to the Laurenlian God, and to suspend- their votive 
 
 vestes. Sed Teucri -sustulerant sacrum stirpem 
 
 garments. But the Trojans had borne away the sacred stock 
 
 nullo discrimine, ut possent concurrere puro 
 
 with no distinction, that they might engage in warfare in the open 
 
 campo Hasta JEnex stabat hie, impetus detulerat 
 
 field. The spear of ./Eneas stood here, Ais impetuosity had hurled 
 
 illam fixam hue, et tenebat in lenta radice. Dardanides 
 
 R fastened here, and held it in the tough root. The Trojan 
 
 incubuit, que voluit convellere ferrum manu; 
 
 applied himself, and wished to tear out the steel with his hand; 
 
 que seaui telo, quern non poterat prendere cursu. 
 
 nd to follow kirn with the dart, whom he could not overtake in the chase.
 
 378 770 
 
 Turn vero Turnus amens formidine, mquit: Faune, 
 
 Then indeed Turnus mad with f.-.ir. said; O Pniinu*. 
 
 precor, miserere; que tu, optima terra, tene ferrum, 
 
 I pray you, pity me; and thou, most indulgent earth, holdfast the stret 
 
 si semper colui vestros honores, quos ./Eneada 
 
 if ever 1 have observed your honours, which the Trojans 
 
 contra fecere profanes bello. Dixit. que vocavit 
 
 on the other hand have rendered profane by war. He said, and invoked 
 
 opem Dei in vota non cassa. Namque ^neas luctans 
 
 the aid of the God in vowa not vain. For JEncaa struggling 
 
 diu, que moratus in lento stirpe, baud valuit 
 
 long, and delaying on the tough root, was not able 
 
 discludere morsus roboris ullis viribus. Dum acer 
 
 to disengage the grasp of the wood by any strength. While hold 
 
 nititur et instat, rursus Daunia Dea mutata 
 
 he struggles and urges, again the Daunian Goddess Juturna changed 
 
 in faciem aurigse Metisci, procurrit, que reddit 
 
 into the appearance of the charioteer Meliscus, runs un, and restores 
 
 ensem fratri: quod Venus indignata licere 
 
 the sword to her brother: which Venus enraged that it was allowed 
 
 audaci nymphse, accessit, que revellit telum ab alti 
 
 to the daring nymph, approached and torn up the dart from the deep 
 
 radice. Olli sublimes, refecti armis que animis, hie 
 
 root. They elated, refurnished with arms and courage, he 
 
 fidens gladio, hie acer et arduus hastS, adsistunt 
 
 trusting to his sword, this one bold and daring with tas spear, they stand 
 
 contra, anheli certamine Martis. Interea rex 
 
 opposed, panting for the contest of Mars. In the meantime the king 
 
 omnipotentis Olympi alloquitur Junonem, tuentem pugnas 
 
 of all-powerful heaven addresses Juno, regarding the battles 
 
 de fulvS. nube: Quae erit finis jam conjux? quid denique 
 
 from a golden cloud: What will be the end now O wife? what finally 
 
 restat? ipsa scis, et fateris scire ^Enean 
 
 remains? you know, and you confess yourself to know that /Eneaa 
 
 indigetem deberi ccelo, que tolli Fatis ad sidera. 
 
 n a demigod is due to heaven, and to be borne off by the fates to the stars. 
 
 Quid struis aut qud spe haeres in gelidis nubibus? 
 
 What doyou purpose or with what hopedo you remain in the cold clouds? 
 
 Ke decuit Divum violari mortali vulnere? aut ensem 
 
 Was it becoming for a God to be violated by a mortal wound? or a sword 
 
 ereptum reddi Turno, et vim crescere victis? 
 
 taken away to b restored to Turnus. and violence to increase to the vanquished? 
 
 (enim quid valeret Juturna sine te?) Jam tandem 
 
 (for what could Juturna do without you?) Now at last 
 
 desine, que flectere nostris precibus: nee tantus dolor 
 
 cease, and be influenced by our prayers- nor let so great grief 
 
 edat te tacitam, et tuae tristes curae sa?.pe recursunt mihi 
 
 orrode you in silence, and your ead cares often recur to mo
 
 j/y 802 
 
 ex tuo dulci ore. Ventum est ad supremum. 
 
 fiuiu your sweet mouth. We have come to the last: 
 
 potuisti agitare Trojanos terns, vel undia: 
 
 you have been able to drive the Trojans from the earth, or the wave*. 
 
 accendere infandum bellura, deformare domum 
 
 to enkindle , the dreadful war, to dishonour the house vf Lahnvi 
 
 et miscere hymenseos luctu: veto tentare ulteri&s. 
 
 and to intermix marriage with grief: I forbid you to proceed farther. 
 
 Sic Jupiter orsus: Contra Saturnia Dea sic 
 
 Thus Jupiter began: On the other hand the Saturnian Goddess thugapofc* 
 
 Bubmisso vultu: Magne Jupiter, quia quidem ista 
 
 with humble countenance: O great Jove, because indeed thii 
 
 tua voluntas nota mihi, invita reliqui et Turnum, et 
 
 your will was known to me, unwillingly I left both Turn us, and 
 
 terras. Nee tu videres me nunc solam rid sede pati 
 
 the earth. Nor had you seen me now alone on an airy seat to suffer 
 
 digna indigna; sed, cincta flammis, starem sub 
 
 Aing'j worlhy and unworthy; but, girt with flames, I had stood al 
 
 aciem ipsam, que traherem Teucros in inimica proelia. 
 
 the battle itself, and I would have led Mie Trojans to hostile strife. 
 
 Fateor, suasi Juturnam succurrere misero fratri, et 
 
 I confess. I have persuaded Juturna to relieve her wretched brother, and 
 
 probavi audere majora pro vitd; tamen non 
 
 I approved that the should dare greater things for his life; yet not 
 
 ut tela, non ut contenderet arcum, adjuro 
 
 Ih-dt she should hurl d&nn, nor that she should stretch her bow, I swear it 
 
 implacabile caput Stygii fontis, quae una superstitio 
 
 by the men-lies* source of the'Stygian fountain, which is the only religious dread 
 
 reddita Divis superis. Et nunc cedo equidem, que 
 
 yielded to the Gods above. And now I yield indeed, and 
 
 exosa pugna relinquo. Obtestor te illud pro Latio, 
 
 detesting battles I yield them up. I entreat of you this for Latium, 
 
 pro majestate tuorum, quod tenetur nulld lege 
 
 for the majesty of your blood, which is held back by no law 
 
 fati: cum jam component pacem felicibus connubiis, 
 
 of fate- when now they shall establish a peace by happy nuptials, 
 
 esto, cum jam jungent leges et foedera, nejubeas 
 
 lei it be, when now they shall unite in laws and treaties, you will not 
 
 Latinos indigenas mutare vetus nomen, neu 
 
 command the Latin natives to change their ancient name, nor 
 
 fieri Troas, que vocari Teucros, aut viros mutare 
 
 to become Trojans. and to be called Teucri, or the men to chance 
 
 vocem, aut vertere vestes. 
 
 tt.tir language, or to alter their dress. 
 
 Sit Latium, sint Albani reges per secula; sit 
 
 Let it be Latium, let them be Alban kings through ages; let 
 
 Romana propago potens Itald virtute. Troja occidit 
 
 (be Roman stock be powerful in Italian courage. Troy has fallen.
 
 380 8; 
 
 que sinas Occident cum nomine. Repertor hominum 
 
 and permit it may have fallen with its name. The founder of men 
 
 que reruns, subridens olli, Et germana Jovi.s, que 
 
 and things, smiling on her, said, O lAouboth sister of Jove, and 
 
 altera proles Saturni, volvis tantos fluctus irarum 
 
 another offspring of Saturn, toky do you revolve so great waves of anger 
 
 sub pectore? Verum age, et submitte furorem 
 
 in your breast.' But conic on, and yield your madnest 
 
 inceptum frustra: Do quod vis; et que victus que 
 
 entertained in vain: I grant what you wUh; and both vanquished and 
 
 volens, remitto me. Ausonii tenebunt patrium 
 
 willing, I submit myself. The Ausomans shall retain (Acir native 
 
 sermonem que mores: que nomen erit ut est; tanturo 
 
 language and manners: and the name shall be as it is; only 
 
 Teucri commisti corpore subsident: adjiciam 
 
 the Trojans intermingled in their whole nation shall settle in Lutium: 1 will add 
 
 morem, que ritus sacrorum, que faciam 'omnes 
 
 the custom, and rituaUof their sacred things, and I will make them, all 
 
 Latinos uno ore. Videbis genus hinc, quod 
 
 Latins with one language. You shall see a race arise from hence, which 
 
 misturn Ausonio sanguime, surget ire supra homines, 
 
 mingled with" Ausonian blood, shall rise to advance above men, 
 
 supra Deos pietate; nee ulla gens quae aeque 
 
 above the Gods in piety; nor is there any nation which equally 
 
 celebrabit tuos honores. Juno annuit his, et 
 
 hall celebrate your honours. Juno assents to these declarations, and 
 
 laetata retorsit mentem. Interea excedit 
 
 lejoicea regained Ar tranquil mind. In the mean while she withdrew from 
 
 coelo, que reliquit nubem. His actis, genitor 
 
 the sky, and left the cloud. These things being done, the father ofOodt 
 
 ipse volutat aliud secum, que parat dimittere 
 
 himself revolves another project by himself. and prepares to send away 
 
 Juturnam ab armis fratris. Dicuntur geminae 
 
 Juturna ' from the arms of ker brother. There are said to be two 
 
 pestes, dirae cognomine; quas et tartaream Megaeram, 
 
 plagues, direful in thr.ir name; whom with hell-born Meg83ra, 
 
 intempesta nox tulit uno que eodem partu, que revinxit 
 
 untimely night bore at one and the same birth, and bound 
 
 paribus spiris serpentum, que addidit ventosas alas. Haec 
 
 with equal folds of serpents, and added swift wing*. TheM 
 
 apparent ad solium Jovis, que in limine saevi regis, 
 
 appear at the throne of Jove, and in the court of the cruel king, 
 
 que acuunt metum aegris mortalibus, si quando 
 
 and they sharpen fear in sickly mortals, if at any lima 
 
 rex Defim molitur horrificum luctum que morbos, 
 
 Iheking of the Gods prepares dread causing grief and diseases, 
 
 aut territat meritas urbes bello. Jupiter demisit unam 
 
 or terrifies guilty citie* by war Jupiter sent on.
 
 381 85$ 
 
 harum celerum ab summo sethere, que jussit 
 
 of these swift from the lofty sky, anrt commands Ai* 
 
 occurrere Juturnaa in omen. Ilia volat, qua' 
 
 to encounter Juturna for an omen. She flies, and 
 
 fertur ad terram, celeri turbine: non secus ac 
 
 is borne to the earth, by a swift whirlwind: not otherwise than 
 
 sagitta impulsa nervo per nubem, quam armatam 
 
 an arrow propelled from the string through a cloud, which armed 
 
 felle saevi veneni immedicabile telum, Parthus - 
 
 with the gall of direful poison a cureless dart, a Parthian 
 
 (Parthus sive Cydon,) torsit stridens, et incognita 
 
 (a Parthean or Cydonian,) hurled hissing, and undistinguished 
 
 transilit celeres umbras. Talis sata nocte, tuli 
 
 passes through the swift shades. Like this she born from night, raised 
 
 se, que petivit terras. Postquam videt Iliacas 
 
 herself, and sought the earth. After she beholds the Trojan 
 
 acies, atque agmina Turni, subitd collecta in figuram 
 
 armies, and the troops of Turnus, suddenly contracted into the form 
 
 parvas alitis, quse' quondam sedens nocte in bustis, aut 
 
 of the little bird, which sometimes sitting by night on graves, or 
 
 desertis culminibus, importuna canit serum per 
 
 abandoned roofs, untimely sings her late strain among 
 
 umbras: pestis versa in hanc faciem, sonans que 
 
 the shades: the plague changed into this appearance, hooting both 
 
 fert que refert se ad ora Turni, que everberat 
 
 advances and bears back herself before the face of Turnus, and boat 
 
 clypeum alia. Novus torpor solvit illi membra 
 
 his shield with her wings. An unusual numbness relaxed his limbs 
 
 formidine, que comas arrectse horrore, et vox haesit 
 
 with fear, and hi* hair stood erect with horror, and his voice clave 
 
 faucibus. At, ut infelix soror Juturna procul agnovit 
 
 to /as jaws. But, as his unhappy sister Juturna from afar knew 
 
 stridorem et alas Dirse, scindit solutos crines, 
 
 the hoarse sound and the wings of the fury, she tore her dishevelled locks, 
 
 foedans ora unguibus, et pectora pugnis. Turne, 
 
 defiling her face with her nails, and her breast with her hands. O Turnus, 
 
 quid nunc potest tua germana juvare te? at quid jam 
 
 what now can your sister advantage you? but what now 
 
 superat mihi miserae? quS. arte morer lucem tibi? 
 
 remains to me wretched? by what art shall I extend your life to youT 
 
 posumne opponere me tali monstro? jam, jam linquo 
 
 can I oppose myself to such a prodigy? now, now I leave 
 
 acies. Obsccenas volucres, ne terrete me timentem: 
 
 UK? armies. Ye filthy birds, do not frighten me alarmed: 
 
 nosco verbera alarum, que lethalem sonum nee 
 
 [know the beating of your wings, and the deadly sound of your cries, noi 
 
 superba jussa magnanimi Jovis fallunt. Reponit 
 
 do the proud commands of high-minded Jove deceive me. Has he reaped
 
 382 879 
 
 hsec pro virginitate? Quo dedit aetcrnairt 
 
 these rewards for my virginity? For what did he give to me cternai 
 
 vitam? cur est conditio mortis ademta? nunc eerie 
 
 life? wby is the condition of death taken away? now truly 
 
 possem finire tantos dolorcs, ct ire comes misero . 
 
 I could finish so great griefs. and go a companion to my wretchrd 
 
 fratri per umbras. Ego immortalis? aut erit 
 
 brother through the shades. Am I immortal? or will there ba 
 
 quicquam rneorum, frater, dulce mihi sine te? qua 
 
 any thing of mine, O brothur, pleasant to me without thee? O v. h.it 
 
 terra satis alta dehiscat mihi, que demittat Deam ad 
 
 land sufficiently deep will open on me, and send me a Goddess to 
 
 imos Manes? effata tantum, Dea contexit caput glauco 
 
 the lowest shades? speaking thus, the Goddess covered her head with a green 
 
 amictu, gemens multa,. et condidit se alto fluvio. 
 
 veil, groaning much, and hid herself in the deep stream 
 
 Contra ^Eneas instat, que coruscat ingens arboreum, 
 
 On the other I land ./linens persists, and brandishes his great wooden 
 
 telum, et sic fatur saevo pectore. Nunc deinde qua 
 
 ppear, and thus speaks from his stern breast. Now then what 
 
 est mora? aut quid jam retractas, Turne. Non est 
 
 is the delay? or why now do you decline battle, O Turniis. It is not 
 
 ccrtandum cursu, saevis armis cominus. Verte 
 
 /ortu to contend in the race, but with cruel arms hand to hand. Turn 
 
 tete in omnes facies et contrahe quidquid vales, 
 
 yourself into all forma and collect whatever, aid you can, 
 
 sive animis, sive arte; opta sequi ardua astra 
 
 either from your courage or art; desire to follow the lofty stars 
 
 pennis, que condere te clausum cava 1 terra. 
 
 on wings, and. to conceal yourself inclosed in the hollow earth. 
 
 Ille, quassans caput, Ferox tua fervida dicta 
 
 He, moving his head answers, Cruel foe, your glowing words 
 
 non terrent me; Df et Jupiter hostis terrent me. 
 
 do not frighten me; The Gods and Jujiiter my enemy frighten ine. 
 
 Nec effatus plura, circumspicit ingens saxum,antiquum 
 
 Nor speaking more, he looks around upon u great stone, an ancient 
 
 saxum, ingens, quod forte jacebat campo, positus 
 
 rock, large, which by chance lay on the plain, placed 
 
 limes agro, ut discerneret litem arvis. 
 
 us a boundary in the field, that it might decide controversy in the fields. 
 
 Vix bis sex lecti qualia corpora hominum tellus 
 
 Scarcely twice six chosen men, such bodies of men as the earth 
 
 nunc producit, subirent illud cervice. Hie heros, 
 
 now produces, could support it on /Actrneck. The -hero, 
 
 insurgens altior et concitus cursu, torqnebat raptum 
 
 rising higher and accelerated In As course, he hurled it snatched 
 
 trepida" manu in hostem. Sed neque cognoscit 
 
 with a trembling hand against the foe. But neither did he know
 
 383 903 
 
 se currentem, nee euntem, ve tollentem que moventem 
 
 himself running, nor going, or raising and moving 
 
 immane saxum. Genua labant; gelidus sanguis concrevit 
 
 the huge rock. His knees fail; his chilled blood congealed 
 
 fngore. Turn lapis ipse, volutus per vacuum inane, 
 
 with cold. Then the stone itself, rolled through the vacant void, 
 
 nec evasit totum spatium viri nee pertulit ictum. Ac 
 
 neither passed over the whole space of the man nor effected a blow, And 
 
 velut in somnis, ubi languida quies pressit oculos nocte, 
 
 aa in sleep, when weakening sleep has closed the eyes by night, 
 
 nequicquam videmur velle extendere avidos cursus, et 
 
 in vain doweseem to wish toextend our anxious race, and 
 
 Begri succidimus in mediis conatibus; lingua 
 
 disappointed we sit down in the midst of our efforts; the tongue 
 
 non valet, notae vires non sufficiunt corpore, 
 
 cannot effect any thing, the known strength does not supply the body, 
 
 nec vox, aut verba sequuntur: sic dira Dea 
 
 nor does the voice, or do words follow: thus the direful Goddess 
 
 negat successum Turno qudcunque virtute petivit viam. 
 
 denies success toTurnus with whatever courage he sought the way. 
 
 Turn varii sensus vertuntur pectore: Aspectat 
 
 Then varied feelings are revolved in A is breast: He looks upon 
 
 Rutulos et urbem; que cunctatur metu; que tremescit 
 
 the Rutulians and the city; and delays through fear; and trembles 
 
 telum instare. Nec quo. eripiat 
 
 lest kis dart should reach Aim. Nor knows he by what means he shall rescue 
 
 se, nec qu& vi tendat in hostem, nec videt 
 
 himself, nor by what power he should inarch against the foe, nor does he see 
 
 currus usquam, ve aurigam sororem. ^neas coruscat 
 
 the chariot any where, or the charioteer his sister. ./Eneas brandishes 
 
 fatale telum cunctanti, sortitus fortunam oculis, 
 
 the fatal dart against him delaying, selecting fortune with his eyes, 
 
 et eminus intorquet toto corpora. Saxa concita 
 
 and from afar he hurls it with the whole force of his body. Rocks hurled 
 
 murali tormento nunquam sic fremunt, nec tanti 
 
 from a warlike engine never thus resound, nor have so great 
 
 crepitus desultant fulmine. Hasta, ferens dirum 
 
 claps burst from thunder. The spear, bearing dread 
 
 exitium, volat instar atri turbinis, que recludit oras 
 
 destruction, flies like a black whirlwind, and tears open the borders 
 
 loricae, et extremes orbes septemplicis clypei; stridens i 
 
 of his corslet, and the extreme folds of his sevenfold shield; hissing 
 
 transit per medium femur. Ingens Turnus ictus incidit 
 
 it passes through the midst of his thigh. Heroic Turnus struck falls 
 
 ad terram duplicate poplite. Rutuli consurgunt gemitu 
 
 to the earth on his doubled ham. The Rutulians arise with a groan 
 
 que totus^jmons circum remugit, et alta nemora 
 
 and the whole mountain around re-echoes, and the hiph groves
 
 384 923 
 
 remittunt vocem, late. Ille, humilis que supple* 
 
 end hack the voice, far around. He, humble and suppliant 
 
 protendens oculos que dextram precantem, inquit: 
 
 stretching forth AM eyes and Ai* right hand entreating, said: 
 
 Equidem merui, nee deprecor: utere tui 
 
 Indeed I have deserved it, nor do I pray against it; use your 
 
 sorte. Si qua cura miserae parentis potest tangere te, oro, 
 
 fortune. If any care of a wretched parent can affect thoo, I pray 
 
 miserere senectae Dauni (fuit et tibi talis genitor 
 
 piiy the old ago of Daunus (there has been also to you such a father 
 
 Anchises;) et redde me, seu mavis, corpus spoliatum 
 
 Ancliises;) and restore me, or if you choose, my body deprived 
 
 lumine meis. Vicisti, et Ausonii vidcre 
 
 of life to myfritndt. You have conquered, and the Auson iang have een 
 
 victum tendere palmas: Lavinia est tua'conjux. No 
 
 M vanquished to stretch out my hands: Lavinia is your win. Do not 
 
 tende ulterius- odiis. ^Eneas, acer in arm is, stetit, volvens 
 
 advance farther in your hate. ./Eneaa, bold in arms, stood, rolling 
 
 oculos, que repressit dextram, et jam que jam sermo 
 
 4is eyes, and drew back AM right hand, and now and now AM address 
 
 creperat flectere magis cunctantem, cum infelix balteus 
 
 had begun to move Aim more delaying, when the unfortunate belt 
 
 pueri Pallantis apparuit alto humero, et cingula 
 
 of the youth Pallas. appeared on hit high shoulder, and the girdle 
 
 fulserunt notis bullis; quern victum Turnus 
 
 hone with the known DOM; whom vanquished Turnu* 
 
 straverat vulnere, atque gerebat inimicum insigne 
 
 had slain with * cruel wound, and bad worn the unfriendly ensign 
 
 humeris. Postquam ille hausit oculis monumenta 
 
 on kit shoulders. After he had received with fits eyes .the monuments 
 
 sffivi doloris que exuvias, accensns furiis et 
 
 of kit cruel grief and the spoils of kit friend, inflamed with rage and 
 
 terribilis if Tune indute spoliis meorum 
 
 dreadful in wrath h *\d. Will you clothed in the spoils of my friend* 
 
 eripiare hmc mihi? Pallas, Pallas immolat te hoc 
 
 be snatched hence from me? Pallas, Pallas sacrifices tbee with this 
 
 vulnere et sumit pcenam ex scelerato sanguine. Dicens 
 
 wound and takes tkSt penalty from your aceiir*cd blood. Saying 
 
 hoc fervidus condit ferrum sub adverso pecfore. Ast 
 
 this, glowing he hide* AM sword within his hostile breast. Hut 
 
 ilii membra solvuntur frigore, que vita indignata fugit cum 
 
 bis limbs are relnxed with cold, and Hit life indignant fled iviili 
 
 gcmitu sub umbras. 
 
 i firoan to the snadcs.
 
 THE 
 
 VIRGIL, 
 
 INTERLINEAR ENGLISH TRANSLATION; 
 
 AS CLOSELY LITERAL AS THE IDIOMATIC DIFFERENCE OF THE 
 LANGUAGES WILL ALLOW. 
 
 BY LEVI HART. 
 
 'Every thing, of itself, IB difficult to children, and the great use and skill of a 
 teacher is to make all as easy at he can." LOCKE.
 
 THE BUCOLICS 
 
 OF 
 
 PUBL1US VIRGILIUS MARO. 
 
 ECLOGUE I. 
 
 MELIB^EUS. TITYRUS. 
 
 MELIB.EUS. 
 TITYRE, tu, recubans sub tegmine patulae fagi, 
 
 TITYRCS, you, recumbent beneath the shade of a spreading beech, 
 
 meditaris silvestrem Musam tenui aven;\: .nos 
 
 meditate your rustic Muse on a slendei pipe : we 
 
 linquimus fines patrise, et dulcia arva; nos 
 
 abandon the boundaries of our country, and our pleasant fields; we 
 
 fugiraus patriam : tu, Tityre, lentu? in umbrd, doces 
 
 fly our country : you, O Tityrus, at ease in the shade, teacb 
 
 silvas resonare formosam Amaryllida. 
 
 the woods to resound fair Amaryllis. 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 O Melibaee, Deus fecit haec otia. nobis ; namque ille 
 
 O Melibsus, God has granted this leisure to us; for he 
 
 erit semper Deus mini: saepe tener agnus, ab nostris 
 
 shall be ever a God to me : often a tender lamb, from our 
 
 ovilibus. imbuet illius arara. Hie permisit meas boves 
 
 eheepfolds, shall stain his altar. He permits my heifers 
 
 errare, ut cernis, et ipsum ludere quae vellem, .^ 
 
 to wander, as you see, and myself to play what I will, *** 
 
 agresti calamo. 
 
 on my rural reed, 
 
 MELIB^JUS. 
 Equidem non invideo, miror magis ; turbatur usque 
 
 Indeed I do not envy you, I wonder rather ; there is trouble thus 
 
 adoo totis agris undique. En ipse, aeger, ago capcllas 
 
 far in all the fields or. every side. Lo I. sick, drive my kids
 
 protends : Tityre, etiam vix duco hanc : namque 
 
 Jar off: O Tilyrus, even scarcely do I lead this,: fol 
 
 modo connixa gemellos, spem gregis, hie inter densas 
 
 lust now yeaning twins, the hope of the flock, here among the thick 
 
 corylos, ah ! reliquit in nuda silice. Memini quercus, 
 
 hazels, alas I she left them on the naked rock. I remember the oaks, 
 
 tactas de coelo, saepe praedicere hoc malum nobis, si 
 
 struck from heaven, often foretold this misfortune to us, if my 
 
 mens non fuisset laeva: saepe sinistra comix prsedixit 
 
 mind had not been foolish: often the unlucky crow foretold it 
 
 ab cavft. ilice. Sed tamen, Tityre, da nobis, qui iste 
 
 from the excavated oak. But yet, O Tityrus, tell us, who this 
 
 Deus sit ? 
 
 God may bo 1 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 2ft Melibaee, ego stultus putavi urbem, quam dicunt 
 
 O Melibseus, I foolish have thought the city, which they call 
 
 Roman), similem huic nostrae quo pastores saepe so* 
 
 Rome, like to this of ours whither we shepherds often are 
 
 lemus depellere teneros fetus ovium. Sic nftram 
 
 accustomed to drive the tender offspring of our sheep. Thus I have known 
 
 catulos similes canibus, sic hoedos matribus ; sic 
 
 whelps like to dogs, thus kids like to their mothers ; thus 
 
 solebam componere magna parvis. Verftm 
 
 I was accustomed to compare great things with small. But 
 
 haec extulit caput inter alias urbes tantum, quantum 
 
 this city has raised her head among other cities as much, at 
 
 cupressi solent inter lenta viburna. 
 
 Mie cypresses used to do among the slender shrubbery. 
 
 MELIB^US. 
 Et quae fuit tibi tanta causa videndi Romam ? 
 
 And what has been to you so great a cause of seeing Rome .7 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 Libertas : quae sera, tamen respexit inertem ; 
 
 Liberty : which though late, yet looked back on m inactive, 
 
 postquam candidior barba cadebat tondenti : tamen respexit 
 
 after my whiter beard fell on me shaving ; yet she regarded 
 
 et venit longo tempore post; postquam Amaryllis 
 
 me, and cnme a long time after; since Amaryllis 
 
 A habet nos, Galatea reliquit. Namque, dum Gala- 
 
 **" holds us, Galatea has left us. For, while Gala. 
 
 tea tenebat me (enim fatebor) erat nee spes libertatis, 
 
 tea held me (for I will confess it) there was neither hope of liberty 
 
 nec cura peculi. Quamvis multa victima exiret meis 
 
 nor care of my stock. Although many a victim departed from ni>
 
 5 
 
 ieptis, et pinguis caseus premeretur ingratae urbi; 
 
 folds. and rich cheese was pressed for the ungrateful city; 
 
 dextra non unquam redibat mihi domum gravis 
 
 my right hand never returned to me home heavy 
 
 aere. 
 
 with money. 
 
 MELIB.4EUS. 
 Amaryllis, mirabar quid tu moesta vocares Deos ; 
 
 Amaryllis, I wondered why you mournfully invoked the Gods; 
 
 cui paterens poma pendere in suit arbore. Tityrus 
 
 to whom you suffered the apples to hang on their own tree. Tityrus 
 
 aberat hinc : Tjtyre, pinus ipsae te, 
 
 was absent from hence: O Tityrus, the pines themselves invoked thee, 
 
 fontes ipsi, haec arbusta ipsa vocabant te. . ft 
 
 ;he fountains themselves, these groves themselves invoked thee. 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 Quid facerem ? neque licebat me exire servitio, 
 
 What could I do ? neither was it permitted me to depart from slavery, 
 
 nec cognoscere tarn prsesentes Divos alibi. Melibaee, 
 
 nor to know so favouring Gods elsewhere. O Melibaeus, 
 
 hie vidi ilium juvenem, cui nostra altaria fumant bis 
 
 here I have seen that youth, for whom our altars smoke twice 
 
 senos dies quotannis. Hie ille primus dedit responsum 
 
 six days yearly. Here he first gave a reply 
 
 mihi petenti ; Pueri, pascite boves, ut ante, submittite 
 
 tome entreating; Boys, feed your heifers, as before, compel 
 
 tauros. 
 
 your bulls to labour. 
 
 MELIBAEUS. 
 Fortunate senex, ergo . tua rura manebunt, et magna 
 
 Happy old man, therefore your fields shall remain, and extensive 
 
 satis tibi : quamvis nudus lapis, que palus obducat 
 
 enough for you : although the naked stone, and marsh covets 
 
 omnia pascua limoso junco : insueta pabula non ten- 
 all your pastures with slimy bulrush: unusual food shall not 
 
 tabunt graves fetas : nec mala contagia go 
 
 injure your heavy teeming eves: nor dire contagion " 
 
 vicini pecoris laedent. Fortunate senex, bio 
 
 of the neighbouring flock shall hurl them. Happy old man, here 
 
 inter nota flumina, et sacros fontes, captabis 
 
 amid the well known streams, and sacred fountains, you shaJI enjoy 
 
 opacum frigus. Hinc sepes, quae, ab vicino limite, 
 
 the shady cold. Here a hedge, which, from the neighbouring path. 
 
 semper depasta florcm salioti Hyblaeis apibus, 
 
 *ver feed upon as to the flower of the willow hy Hyblwan beef.
 
 6 
 
 saepe suadebit tibi inire somnum levi susurro. 
 
 ol'u-ii shall persuade you to go to sleep by its gentle whimpering. 
 
 Hinc frondator canet ad auras : sub alia rupe. Tamen 
 
 Here the pruner shall sing to the skies, beneath a lofty rock. Yet 
 
 interea nee raucae palumbes, tua cura, nee 
 
 in the mean time neither shall the hoarse wood-doves, your cure, nor 
 
 turtur cessabit gemere ab aeria ulmo. 
 
 thi- turtle shall cease to coo from the airy elm. 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 . ... Ante ergo leves cervi pascentur in aethere. 
 
 Sooner therefore swift stags shall feed upon air, 
 
 et freta destituent pisces nudos in litore ; ante, aut 
 
 and the sea .shall leave the fish naked on the shore; sooner, either 
 
 Parthus exul bibet Ararim, aut Germania Tigrim, 
 
 the Parthian exile shall drink the Saone, or Germany the Tigris, 
 
 finibus amborum pererratis, quam iTlius vultus 
 
 the boundaries of both being wandered over, than his countenance 
 
 labatur nostro pectore. 
 
 shall glide from my breast. 
 
 MELIB^EUS. 
 At nos hinc, ibimus alii sitienles Afros : pars veniern'is 
 
 But we hence, shall go some to the thirsty Africans: a part will come 
 
 Scythiam et rapidnm Oaxem Cretae, et Britannos penitiis 
 
 to Scythia and the swift Oaxes of Crete, and the Britons entirely 
 
 divisos toto orbe. En, unquam videns mirabor 
 
 separated from the whole globe. Lo, ever beholding again shall I admire 
 
 patrios fines longo tempore post, et culmen pauperis 
 
 my native boundaries along time after, and the roof of my poor 
 
 Uigur i congestum cespite, post aliquot aristas, 
 
 cottage covered. with turf, standing behind some cars of corn, 
 
 7f . mea regna? impius miles habebit h<ec lam 
 
 my own kingdoms? shall a wicked soldier possess these no 
 
 culta novalia ? Barbaras has segetes ? 
 
 highly cultivated newly ploughed fields 7 A barbarian these cornfields? 
 
 En, quo discordia perduxit miseros cives ! En, 
 
 J.o, whither has discord led my wretched countrymen I Lo. 
 
 queis consevimus agros ! Melibnee, nunc insere 
 
 for whom have we sown our fields! O Mclibacus, now ingraft 
 
 pyros : pone vites ordine. Ite, ite meee capellsc, 
 
 your pear trees' place your vines in order. Go, go my goats, 
 
 quondam felix pecus. Ego, projectus in viridi antro, 
 
 formerly a happy flock. I, reclined wilhin a verdant grotto, 
 
 non videbo vos posthac pendere procul de dumosa 
 
 shall not behold you hereafter hang afar off from the buelij 
 
 mpe. Can am nulla carrnina ; capellae non carpetis 
 
 rock. [may sing no songs; O ye goats, ye gha'l not croj
 
 florentem cytisum et amaras salices, me pascente. 
 
 the flowery cytisus and bitter willows, while I am feeding you. 
 
 TITYRUS. 
 Hie tamen poteris requiescere hanc noctem Rft 
 
 Here nevertheless you can rest this night 
 
 mecum super viridi fronde. Sunt nobis mitia poma. 
 
 with me upon the verdant leaves. There are to us mellow apples, 
 
 molles castaneae, et copia pressi lactis. Et jam summa 
 
 soft chestnuts, and- plenty of pressed milk. And now the highest 
 
 culmina villarum procul fumant, que majores umbrae cadunt 
 
 tops of the villas afar off smoke, and the larger shades fall 
 
 de altis montibus. 
 
 from the high mountains. 
 
 ECLOGUE TT., 
 
 ALEXIS. 
 
 PASTOR Corydon ardebat formosum Alexin, delicias 
 
 THE shepherd Corydon ardently loved the beautiful Alexis, the darling 
 
 domini ; nee, habebat quid speraret. Tantum 
 
 of his master; nor, had he anything he could hope for. Only 
 
 veniebat assidue inter densas fagos umbrosa cacumina ; 
 
 lie came continually among the thick beeches having shady tops; 
 
 ibi solus jactabat haac incondita montibus 
 
 there alone he threw away these unstudied complaints to the mountains 
 
 et silvis inani studio : O crudelis Alexi, curas nihil 
 
 and the woods with vain regard: O cruel Alexis, you care nothing 
 
 mea carmina ; nil miserere nostri ; deniquc coges me 
 
 far my songs; you do not pity me; finally you will compel me 
 
 mori. Nunc, etiam, peeudes captant umbras et frigora ; 
 
 to die. Now, also, the flocks enjoy the shade and cold -. 
 
 mine etiam spineta occultant virides lacertos ; et Thesty- 
 
 now even the brambles conceal the green lizards ; and Thcsty- 
 
 lis contundit allia que serpyllum, olentes herbas, mes- 
 
 lis pounds garlic and thyme, sweet smelling herbs, for the 
 
 soribus fessis rapido aestu. At, dum lustro -.* 
 
 reapers weary with swift descending heat. But, whilst I survey 
 
 tua vestigia, arbusta resonant raucis cicadis mecum 
 
 your footsteps, the groves resound with hoarse grasshoppers with me 
 
 sub ardenti sole. Nonne I'uit satins pati tristes iras 
 
 he burning sun. Wasitisot better to endure the cruel anjwi
 
 8 
 Amaryllidis, atque superba fastidia ? Nonue 
 
 of Amaryllis, and her proud disdain? \\asilnolliMerto trrdurt 
 
 Menalcau * quamvis ille niger, quamvis tu csse candidus 
 
 Menalcas? although he w* blnck, although you are fair 
 
 O formose puer, ne crede minium color!. Alba ligustrn 
 
 O beauteous boy, do not trust too much to complexion. White (invctt 
 
 cadunt, nigra vaccinia Icguntur. Sum despecvus tibi, 
 
 fall. black hyacinths arc gathered. 1 am d./spiscd by yuu 
 
 Alexi, nee quaeris qui sim ? .quam dives nivci 
 
 Alexis, nor do you inquire who I may be? how rich in the snowy 
 
 20 pecoris, quam abundans lactis. Mea? mille agna? 
 
 flock. how abundant In milk. My thousand lamb* 
 
 errant in Siculis montibus. Novum lac defit mihi non 
 
 wander upon theSirilian mountains. New milk is wanting to me not 
 
 aestate, non frigore. Canto, quae Dircaeus Amphion 
 
 in summer, nor in the cold of winter. \ sing, what Dircxan Amphion 
 
 erat solitus in Actaeo Aracyntho, si quando vo- 
 
 waa accustomed to sing upon ActaDon Aracynthus, if at any time ha 
 
 cabat armenta. Nee sum adeo informis ; nuper in 
 
 called together AM herds. Nor ami so deformed; lately upon 
 
 liiore vjdi me, citm mare staret placidum ventis. 
 
 the shore t beheld myself, when the sea stood peaceful by the winds. 
 
 Ego non metuam Daphnin, te judice,. si imago 
 
 1 will not fear Daphnis. you being judge, if my likeness 
 
 nunquam fallat. tan turn libeat tibi habitare mecum 
 
 never shall deceive me. O at length will it please you to inhabit with me 
 
 sordida rura atque humiles casas, et figere cervos, quo 
 
 the dirty ftelda and humble cottages, and to pierce the stags, and 
 
 compellere gregrem haedorum viridi hibisco ! Imita- 
 
 to drive together a nock of kids with a green bulrush! You shnll 
 
 ft bere Pana canendo una mecum in silvis. Pan 
 
 *" imitate Pan in singing together with me in rfie woods Pan 
 
 primus instituit conjungere plures calamos cera. : Pan 
 
 first taught to unite many reeds with wax 1 Pan 
 
 curat oves, que magistros ovium. Nee poeniteat te 
 
 provides for sheep, and the masters of sheep. Nor let it ashame you 
 
 trivisse labellum calamo. Quid faciebat Amyntas non 
 
 to have worn your lip with the reed. What did Amyntas not 
 
 ut sciret ha3c eadem ? Est mihi fistula 
 
 accomplish that he might know these same things? There is to ine a pipe 
 
 compar.ta septem disparibus cicutis. quam Damaeta* 
 joined with seven unequal reeds, which Dm.Ttak 
 
 olim dedit mihi dona, et morions dixit: Nunc ista. 
 
 furmerly has given to me a* a gift, and dying said Now Uiir 
 
 habet te secundum. Damaetas dixit ; stultus Amyntas 
 
 has you for its second owner Damtetas said; fooh.-h Amynias 
 
 , invidit Praeterea duo capreoli reperti mihi nee 
 
 envied me Besides two little gouts found by me uor
 
 9 
 
 tuta valle,etiamnunc pellibus sparsis albo, ?iccaut 
 
 In a Safe vale, even now their skins being sprinkled with white. hey drain 
 
 bina ubera ovis die; quos servo tibi. Jampridem 
 
 two udders of a sheep in a day: which I keep for you. Lon? silica 
 
 Thestylis orat abducere illos a me ; et faclet : 
 
 Tliestylis prays to take them from me; and let her do it ; 
 
 quoniara nostra munera sordent tibi. Ades hue, O for- 
 
 tince my gifts disgust you. Come hither, O beau- 
 
 raose puer : ecce Nymphae ferunt lilia tibi plenis calathis : 
 
 tiful boy: behold the Nymphs bear lilies to you in full baskets: 
 
 Candida Nais, carpens palentes violas et summa papavcra 
 
 fair Nais, plucking pale violets and the highest p^pi ies 
 
 tibi, jungit narcissum et florem bene olentis anethi. 
 
 for you, she joins the narcissus and the flower of the sweet smelling anise. 
 
 Turn intexens casia atque aliis suavibus herbis, pingit 
 
 Then interweaving cassia and other sweet herbs, she paints 
 
 mollia vaccinia luteola caltha. Ego ipse legam p- n 
 
 oft hyacinths with yellow marygold. 1 myself will gather " 
 
 cana mala tenera lanugine, que castaneas nuces, quas 
 
 hoary apples with tender down, and chestnuts, which 
 
 mea Amaryllis amabat. Addam cerea pmna : et honos 
 
 my Amaryllis loved. I will add waxen plums : and honour 
 
 erit huic porno quoque : et carpam vos, 6 lauri, et 
 
 shall be to this fruit also : and I will pluck you, O ye laurels, and 
 
 te, myrte, proxima ; quoniam sic positae miscetis 
 
 tbee, O myrtle, nearest; since thus disposed you mingle 
 
 suaves odores. Corydon, es rusticus, nee Alexis 
 
 your sweet odours. Corydon, you are a clown, nor does Alcxia 
 
 curat munera: nee lolas concedat, si certes 
 
 care for your gifts: nor would lolas yield, if you should contend 
 
 muneribus. Eheu, quid volui mihi misero ! perdi- 
 
 with gifts. Alas, what have I wished for myself wretched 1 lost 
 
 tus immisi Austrum floribus, et apros 
 
 man I have let loose the south- wind among the flowers, and the boars 
 
 liquidis fontibus. Ah, demons ! quern fugis 1 Di 
 
 to the liquid fountains. Alas, madman/ whom do you fly? The gods 
 
 quoque, que Dardanius Paris habitarunt silvas. fift 
 
 even, and Trojan Paris have inhabited the woods. " w 
 
 Pallas ipsa colat arces quas condidit: silvae 
 
 Let Minerva herself inhabit towers which she has built : the woods 
 
 placeant nobis ante omnia. Torva lercna sequitur 
 
 please us before all things. The stern lioness pursues 
 
 lupum, lupus ipse capellam ; lasciva capella sequitur 
 
 the wolf, the wolf himself the goat ; the wanton goat follows 
 
 florentem cytisum ; Corydon te^ 6 Alexi. Sua 
 
 the flowering cytisus; Corydon pursues you. O Alexis Ilis own 
 
 voluptas trahit quemque. Aspice, juvenci refcrunt 
 
 pleasure draws aside each one. See. the but locks bring bark
 
 10 
 
 aratra suspensa jugo, et sol decedens duplicat 
 
 the pioughs hanging from the yoke, and the sun withdrawing redoubles 
 
 crcscentes umbras; tamen amor urit me. Enim quis 
 the increasing shades; yet love burns me. For what 
 
 modus adsit arhori ? Ah, Corydou, Corydon ! quae de- 
 limit is there to love? Alas, Corydon, Corydon! what mad- 
 
 mentia cepit te ? Est tibi semiputata vitis in fromlosa 
 
 ness possesses you 7 There is to you an UN pruned vine upon the leafy 
 
 ~ ulmo. Quin tu potius para detexere aliquid sal- 
 
 ' elm. But do you rather prepare to interweave something at 
 
 tern, usus quorum indiget viminibus que molli junco ? 
 
 least, the utility of which is required of vines and soft bulrush 7 
 
 invenies alium Alexin, si hie fastidit te. 
 
 you shall find another Alexis, if this one scorns you. 
 
 ECLOGUE III. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 DAMJETA,dicmihicujum pecus ? an Melibaei? 
 
 O DAMETAS, tell me whose is this flock ? whether Mcli bonus's J 
 
 DAALETAS. 
 Non; verum ^Egonis. ^Egon tradidit mihi nuper. 
 
 No ; but Eton's. ^Egon delivered it to me lately. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Oves, semper infelix pecus ! dum ipse fovet 
 
 O sheep, always an unhappy flock I whilst he cherishes 
 
 Neacram, ac veretur ne ilia praeferat me sibi ; hie 
 
 Nacrea, and fears lest she should prefer me to him.; here 
 
 alienus custos mulget oves bis in hora ; et succus 
 
 a strange keeper milks the sheep twice in an hour ; and nourishment 
 
 subducitur pecori, et lac agnis. 
 
 Is withdrawn from the flock, and milk from the lambs. 
 
 DAHLETAS. 
 Tamen memento ista objicienda viris pn reins. 
 
 Vet remember these things are to be charged to men more cautiously. 
 
 Et novimus qui te, hircis tuentibus transversa 
 
 And we have known who betrayed you, the goats gazing obliquely 
 
 et quo sacello, sed faciles nymphae risere. 
 end in what Chanel, but the gentle nymphs laughed.
 
 11 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Credo, turn, cum videre me incidere arbustum . ft 
 
 I believe it, then, when they beheld me cut down the grove *^ 
 
 Myconis, atque novellas vites mala. falce 
 
 of Mycon, and the new vines with a mischievous sickle. 
 
 DA&LETAS. 
 Aut hie ad veteres fagos, cum fregisti arcum el 
 
 Or here by the ancient beeches, when you broke the bow and 
 
 calamos Daphnidis, quae tu, perverse Menalca, cum 
 
 reeds of Daphnis, which you, O morose Menalcas, when 
 
 vidisti donata puero, et dolebas, et mortuus esses 
 
 you saw them presented to the boy, you both grieved, and would have died 
 
 si non nocuisses aliqui. 
 
 if you had not injured him in some way. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Quid domini faciant, cum fures audent talia? non 
 
 What will masters do, when thieves dare such things ? have 
 
 ego vidi te, pessime, excipere caprum Damonis 
 
 I not seen you, most felonious wretch, seize the goat of Damon 
 
 insidiis, lycisca latrante multum ? et cum clamarem ; 
 
 by stratagem, the mongrel barking much? and when I cried out; 
 
 Quo nunc ille proripit se ? Tityre, coge pecus ; 
 
 Whither now does he snatch himself? O Tityrus, collect your flock; 
 
 tu latebas post carecta. 
 
 you lay hid behind sedges. 
 
 DAHLETAS. 
 An non ille, victus cantando, redderet mihi 
 
 Whether shall not he, overcome in singing, restore to me 
 
 caprum, quern mea fistula meruisset carminibus? 
 
 the goat, which my pipe may have deserved by its songs ? 
 
 si nescis, ille caper fuit meus ; et Damon ipse fate- 
 
 if you know it not, this goat has been mine ; and Damon himself con- 
 
 batur mihi, sed negabat posse reddere. 
 
 fessed it to me, but be denied that he was able to repay it. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Tu ilium cantando ? aut unquam fuit tibi 
 
 You eonjuer him in singing? or ever has there been to you 
 
 fistula juncta cera ? non tu, indocte, solebas dis- 
 
 a pipe united with wax ? were not you, ignorant dunce, accustomed to 
 
 perdere miserum carmen stridenti stipulfi in tri- 
 
 torture a wretched song en a creaking straw in the cross 
 
 iis? 
 
 toads?
 
 12 
 
 DAMJ3TAS. 
 Vis, ergo, vicissim experiamur inter nos 
 
 Arc you willing, therefore, in turn that we try among ourselves 
 
 quid utcrque possit ? Ego depono hanc vitulam hie forte 
 
 what each can do 1 I pledge tbis heifer (lest perhep* 
 
 recuses, bis venit ad mulctram, alit binos fetus 
 
 you may refuse, twice she comes to the milk pail, she feeds two offspring 
 
 n ubere) tu die, quo pignore certes 
 
 " U with her udder) do you say, with what pledge you will contend 
 
 mecum. 
 
 A ah me. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Non ausim deponere quicquam de grege tecum ; 
 
 I do not dare to pledge anything from the flock with you 
 
 namque est mihi pater domi, est injusta noverca: 
 
 for there is to me a father at home, there is an unjust stepmother 
 
 que bis die ambo numerant pecus, et alter haedos 
 
 and twice in the day both count the flock, and one the kids. 
 
 Verum, quoniam libet tibi insanire, ponam id, quod 
 
 But, since it pleases you to be mad, I will pledge this, which 
 
 tute ipse fatebere majus, fagina pocula, caelatum opus 
 
 you yourself shall confess greater, beecben bowls, the wrought work 
 
 divini Alcimedontis : quibus lenta vitis, superaddita 
 
 of the divine Alcimcdon: to which a slender vine, added 
 
 facili torno, vestit corymbos diffuses pallente hedera. 
 
 by a skilful turner, decks clusters overspread with the pale ivy. 
 
 In medio duo signa, Conon: et quis fuit alter, qui 
 
 In the midst art two statues, Conon: and who was the other, Ac who 
 
 . n descripsit totum orbem gentibus radio ; quae. 
 
 4" described the whole globe to the nations with a wand; what 
 
 tempora meseor, quae curvus arator haberet ? nec- 
 
 eeasons the reaper, what the bending ploughman should have ? nor 
 
 dum admovi labra illis, sed servo condita. 
 
 yet have I moved my lips to them, but I keep them preserved. 
 
 DAALETAS. 
 Et idem Alcimedon fecit duo pocula nobis, et am- 
 
 And the same Alcimedon made two bowls for us, and he em- 
 
 plexus est ansas circum molli acantho : que posuit 
 
 braced the handles around with the soft bearsfoot: and he placed 
 
 Orphea in medio, que silvas sequentes. Necdum 
 
 Orpheus in the midst, and the woods following. Nor yel 
 
 admovi labra itlis, sed servo condita. Si spec- 
 have I moved my him to them, but I keep them stored up. If you will 
 
 tes ad vitulam, est nihil quod laudes pocula. 
 
 ook at the c;ilf. there is nothing for which you should praise the bowls.
 
 13 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Nunquam effugies hodie : veniam quocunque vo- 
 
 By no means shall you fly me today: I will come wherever you 
 
 caris. Tantum vel qui venit audiat haec. 
 
 shall call Only even let him who comes attend to this controversy. 
 
 Ecce, Palaemon : efficiam ne lacessas . ft 
 
 See here, isPaleemon; I will cause that you shall not provoke 
 
 quemquam voce posthac. 
 
 any one with your voice hereafter. 
 
 DAMJETAS. 
 Quin age, si habes quid; non eril ulla 
 
 But come on, if you have any thing ; there shall not be any 
 
 mora in me: nee fugio quemquam. Tantum, vicine 
 
 delay in me : nor do I avoid any one. Only, neighbour 
 
 Palaemon, reponas haec imis sensibus, res 
 
 Paltemcn, do you lay up these things in your inmost senses, the affair 
 
 est non parva. 
 
 is not small. 
 
 PALAEMON. 
 Dicite; quandoquidem consedimus in molli herba: 
 
 Say ; since we have sat down upon the soft grass : 
 
 et nunc omuis ager, nnnc omnis arbos parturit, nunc silvae 
 
 and now every field, now every tree produces, now the woods 
 
 frondent, nunc annus formosissimus. Incipe, Damzeta, 
 
 put forth leaves, now the fear is most fair. Begin, Damstas, 
 
 tu deinde sequere, Menalca. Dicetis alternis. 
 
 you afterwards follow, O Menalcas. You shall sing in alternate verte 
 
 Camenae amant alterna. 
 
 Tlie Muses love alternate versa. 
 
 DAM^JTAS. 
 Musae, principium ab Jove: omnia fift 
 
 Ye Muses, our beginning M from Jove : all thing* **" 
 
 plena Jovis : ille colit terras, mea carmina illi curae 
 
 are Ail 1 of Jove: he cultivates the earth, my eongs are his care. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Et Phoebus amat me : sunt, Phcebo, semper apud me 
 
 And Apollo loves me : there are, for Apollo, ever with me 
 
 sua munera, lauri, et suave rubens hyacinthus. 
 
 his own gifts, laurels, and the sweetly blushing hyacinth. 
 
 DAM^ETAS. 
 Galatea, lasciva puella, petit me malo, et 
 
 Galatea, a wanton maid, strikes me with an apple, and
 
 14 
 
 fugit ad salices, et cupit sc videri ante. 
 
 flies to the willow*, and desires that she be seen first 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 At meus ignis Amyntas oflert sese mini ultro ; ut 
 
 But my flame Amyntas offers himself to me willingly ; no thai 
 
 non Delia sit notior nostris canibus. 
 
 not teen Delia is more known to our dogs. 
 
 DAM^JTAS. 
 Munera sunt parta meas veneri ; namque ipse notavi 
 
 Gifts are provided for my love ; for I have noioil 
 
 locum, quo aeriae palumbes conges. r iere. 
 
 the place, where the airy wood doves have built their nestt. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Misi decem aurea mala puero, lecta ex sil- 
 
 I have sent ten golden apples to my boy, plucked from the 
 
 7n vestri arbore, quod potui : eras mit- 
 
 ' wild tree, what I could do, / have dont : to-morrow I will 
 
 tarn altera. 
 
 end others. 
 
 DAMJETAS. 
 O quot.ics, et qurc Galatea locuta est nobis! 
 
 O how often, and what things Galatea has spoken touit 
 
 venti, referatis aliquam partem ad aures divum. 
 
 ye winds, bear back some part to the ears of the gods. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Quid prodest, Amynta, quod ipse non spernis 
 
 What does it profit, O Amyntas, that you do not despise 
 
 me animo, si ego servo retia, dum tu sectaris 
 
 me in your mind, if I keep the nets, while you pursue 
 
 apros? 
 
 the boars} 
 
 DAMJETAS. 
 lola, mitte Phyllida mini, est meus natalis. Cum 
 
 Tola, send Phyllis to me, it is my birthday. When 
 
 faciara vitula, pro frugibus, ipse vemto. 
 
 I shall make sacrifice, with a heifer, for the fruits, do you come. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 lola, amo Phyllida ante alias, nam flevit me discedere ; 
 
 O lolas, I love Phyllis before others, for she wept when I departed* 
 
 et inquit Formose, vale longum, vale. 
 
 and said, O fair youth, farewell for a long time, farewell.
 
 15 
 
 DAMJETAS. 
 Lupus triste stabulis ; imbres maturis frugibus ; 
 
 The wolf ia a sad thing to the stables ; showers to the ripe fruits 
 
 vend arboribus ; irae Amaryllidis nobis. 
 
 winds to trees ; tae anger of Amaryllis to us. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Humor dulce satis ; arbutus de 
 
 Moisture is a pleasant thing to corn planted ; the strawberry tree to the 
 
 pulsis haedis ; lenta salix fceto pecon : Amyntas 
 
 weaned kids; the slender willow to the teeming flock: Ainyntu 
 
 solus mihi. 
 alone to me. 
 
 DAM^ETAS. 
 Pollio amat nostrum musam ; quamvis sit rustica. 
 
 Pollio loves my muse ; although she be rustic. 
 
 Pierides, pascite vitulam vestro lectori. 
 
 Ye Muses, feed a heifer for your reader. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Et Pollio ipse facit nova carmina: pascite 
 
 And Pollio himself makes rare verses; feed for lUtu 
 
 laurum, jam petat cornu, et qui spargat arenam 
 
 the bull, now he strikes with his horn, and he scatters the sand 
 
 pedibus. 
 
 with his feet. 
 
 DAM^ETAS. 
 Qui amat te, Pollio, veniat quo gaudet 
 
 He who loves thee, O Pollio, <et him arrive where he rejoice* 
 
 te. Quoque, mella fluant illi, et as- 
 
 thai you have reached. Also, may honey flow to him, and may the 
 
 per rubus ferat amomum. 
 
 rough bramble produce spikenard. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Qui non odit Bavium, araet tua carmina, q ft 
 
 He who does not hate Bavius, shall love thy verses, y " 
 
 Maevi; atque idem jungat vulpes, et mulgeat hircos. 
 
 O Msevius; and the same shall yoke foxes, and shall milk he goats. 
 
 DAMJGTA8. 
 O pueri, qui legitis flores, et fraga nascentia liumt, 
 
 O boys, who gather flowers, and strawberries growing on the ground, 
 
 fugite hinc, frigidus anguis latet in herbsv. 
 
 Oy from hence, a cold snake lies hid in the grass.
 
 16 
 
 MENALCA8. 
 Oves, parcite procedere nimium ; non bene creditur 
 
 Ye sheep, cease to proceed too far; it is not well trusting 
 
 npae . etiam aries ipse nunc siccat vellera. 
 
 to the bank : even the ram himself now dries kit fleece. 
 
 DAMJETAS. 
 Tityre, reice pascentes capellas a flumine : 
 
 O Tityrug, drive back the feeding goats from the river > 
 
 ipse, lavabo omnes in fonte, ubi erit tempus. 
 
 I, will wash them all in the fountain, when it shall be time. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Pueri, cogite oves ; si acstus praeceperit lac 
 
 Ye boys, collect your sheep; if the heat shall have dried up the milk 
 
 ut nuper, frustra pressabimus ubera palmis. 
 
 as it did lately, in vain shall we press the udders with our hunds. 
 
 DAM^JTAS. 
 inft Eheu ! quam macer mihi taurus est in pingui arvo ' 
 
 Alas I how lean my bull is in the rich field 
 
 idem amor est exitium pecori, que magistro pecoris. 
 
 the same love is destruction to ihe flock, and to the master of the flock. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Certe neque amor est causa his: vix 
 
 Truly neither love is the cause to them of leanness: scarcely 
 
 haerent ossibus ; nescio quis oculus fascinat mihi 
 
 they bang together by their bones ; I know not what eye bewitches my 
 
 teneros agnos. 
 
 tender lambs. 
 
 DATvLETAS. 
 Die, in quibus terris, spatium coeli pateat tres ulnas, 
 
 Say, in what lands, the space of heaven spreads out three ells, 
 
 non amplius, (et eris magnus Apollo mihi.) 
 
 and no more, (and you shall be a great Apollo to me ) 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Die, in quibus terris flores nascantur, inscripti 
 
 Say, in what lands flowers grow, having written on them 
 
 nomina regum; et solus habelo Phyllida. 
 
 the names of kings ; and alone possess Phyllis. 
 
 Non est nostrum componere tantaa lites infer 
 
 It i not our offire to ouli; so groat comrovrrnics among
 
 17 
 vos: et tu dignus vitula, et hie; et quisquis ant 
 
 you : and you are worthy of the heifer, and he ; and whosoever either 
 
 inetuet dulces, aut experietur amaros amores. Jam, , , ft 
 
 has feared pleasant, or experienced bitter loves. Now, Ai" 
 
 pueri, claudite rivos : prata biberunt sat. 
 
 boys, shut up the rivers : the meadows have drunk enough. 
 
 ECLOGUE IV. 
 
 SICELIDES Musae, canamus paulo majom 
 
 YE Sicilian Muses, let us sing in strains a little more exalted 
 
 Arbusta, que humiles myricae, non juvant omnes. Si 
 
 Groves, and humble tamarisks, do not delight all. 1( 
 
 canimus silvas, silvse sint dignae consule. Jam ul- 
 
 we sing of woods, let the woods be worthy of a consul. Now the 
 
 tima aetas Cumaei carminis venit ; magnus ordo 
 
 last age of the Cumsan song has arrived; a great order 
 
 seculorum nascitur ab integro. Et jam virgo redit, Sa- 
 
 of ages arises anew. And now the virgin returns, Sa- 
 
 turnia regna redeunt: jam nova progenies demittitur 
 
 turn's kingdoms return : now a new race is sent down 
 
 alto coelo. Tu modo, casta Lucina, fave nascenti 
 
 from high heaven. Do you now, O chaste Lucina, favour the infant 
 
 puero, quo ferrea primum desinet, ac aurca gens 
 
 boy, by whom the iron age first shall end, and the golden age 
 
 surget toto mundo : jam tuus Apollo , ft 
 
 ehall arise through the whole world: now your own Apollo 
 
 regnat. Que adeo hoc decus aevi inibit, te, Pollio, 
 
 reigns. And thus this glory of the age shall enter, you, O Pollio, 
 
 te consule ; et magni menses incipient procedere. 
 
 vou being consul ; and the great months shall begin to advance. 
 
 Te duce, si qua vestigia nostri sceleris manent, 
 
 You being chief, if any marks of our crime shall remain, 
 
 irrita solvent terras perpetua formidine. Ille 
 
 rendered vain they shall free the earth from perpetual fear. He 
 
 accipiet vitam deorum, que videbit heroas permistos 
 
 nhall receive the life of gods, and shall behold heroes mingleil 
 
 divis, et ipse videbitur illis ; que reget pacatum 
 
 with gods, and he shall be seen by them; and he shall rule the peaceful 
 
 orbem patriis virtutibus. At tellus prima 
 
 globe by his father's virtues. But the earth first shall pour out 
 
 munuscula tibi, puer, nullo cultu, errantes hederas 
 
 her offerings voyou. O boy, with no cultivation wandering ivy
 
 18 
 20 passim cum baccare, que fundet colocasm, 
 
 ^ every where with lady's glove, and shall produce Egyptian beans, 
 
 mista ridenti acantho ; capellae ipsae referent domum 
 
 mingled with smiling acanthus; the goats themselves shall bring homo 
 
 ubera distenta lacte ; nee armenta metuent niagnos 
 
 their udders swelled out with milk; nor shall the herds fear the great 
 
 loones. Cunabula ipsa fundent blandos flores tibi. 
 
 lions. Cradles themselves shall pour forth pleasant flowers to you. 
 
 Et serpens occidet, et fallax herba veneni occidet; 
 
 And the serpent shall die. and the deceiving herb of poison shall die 
 
 Assyrium amomum nascetur vulgd ; at simul poteris 
 
 Assyrian spikenard shall grow every where ; but as soon as you can 
 
 jam legere laudes heroum, et facta parentis, et 
 
 now read the praises of heroes, and the deeds of your father, and 
 
 cognoscere quae virtus sit ; campus flavescet paulatim 
 
 know what virtue is; the plain shall grow yellow by degrees 
 
 molli arista, que rubens uva pendebit incultis 
 
 with the soft ears of corn, and the blushing grape shall hang on the rude 
 
 sentibus, et durae quercus sudabunt roscida mella, 
 
 brambles, and the hardy Oaks shall perspire dewy honey 
 
 Tamen pauca vestigia priscag fraudis suberunt, quae 
 
 Yet a few footsteps of ancient fraud shall survive, which shall lead 
 
 ten tare thetim ratibus, quae cingere oppida 
 
 men to explore the sea in ships, which shall induce them to surround towns 
 
 inuris, quae jubeant infindere sulcos telluri. 
 
 with wulls, which shall command them to cleave furrows in the earth. 
 
 Turn erit alter Tiphys, et altera Argo, quae 
 
 Then shall there be another Tiphys, and another Argo, which 
 
 vehat delectos heroas ; etiam altera bella erunt ; atque 
 
 fchall transport chosen heroes; also other wars shall be ; and 
 
 magnus Achilles mittetur iterum ad Trojam. Hinc, ubi 
 
 great Achilles shall be sent again to Troy. Hence, when 
 
 jam firmata aetas fecerit te virum, et vector ipse 
 
 now continual age shall have made you a man, and the sailor himself 
 
 cedet mari ; nee nautica pmus mutabit merces : 
 
 shall withdraw from the sea ; nor shall the marine boat exchange merchandise: 
 
 omnis tellus feret omnia. Non humus patietur 
 
 every land shall produce every thing. Nor shall the ground endure 
 
 4ft rastros, non vinea falcem : jam quoque robustus 
 
 harrows, nor the vineyard the sickle : now also the strong 
 
 arator solvet juga tauris. Nee lana disce* 
 
 ploughman shall loosen the yokes from the bulls. Nor shall wool learn 
 
 mentiri varios'colores ; sed aries, ipse, in pratis, 
 
 to counterfeit various colours; but the ram, himself, in the meado.v^ 
 
 mutabit vellera, jam suave rubenti murice, jam 
 
 shall exchange hit fleece, now with the sweetly blushing purple, now 
 
 croceo luto. Sandyx vestiet pascentes agnos sua sponte. 
 
 With yellow dye. Crimson shall clothe the feeding lambs spontaneously
 
 19 
 
 Parcae, Concordes stabili numine fatorum, dixerunt 
 
 The fates, harmonious in the firm will of the destinies, have said 
 
 suis fusis, talia saecla currite. O clara soboles deum, 
 
 to their spindles, let these ages run on. O bright offspring of gods, 
 
 magnum incrementum Jovis, aggredere magnos honores, 
 
 great descendant of Jupiter, approach thy great dignities, 
 
 jam tenipus aderit. Aspice mundum convexo _~ 
 
 now the time has arrived. Behold the world with its vaulted J " 
 
 pondere nutantem, que terras, que tractus marls, que. 
 
 weight nodding, and the lands, and the regions of the sea, and 
 
 profundum coelum ; aspice, ut omnia laetentur geeclo 
 
 exalted heaven ; behold, how all things rejoice in the age 
 
 venturo. O ultima pars tarn longae vitae maneat 
 
 about to come. O that the last part of so long a life would remain 
 
 mihi, et spiritus, quantum erit sat dicere tua facta ! 
 
 tome, and breath, as much as will be enough losing your deeds) 
 
 non vincet me carminibus, nee Thracius Or- 
 
 not any one shall excel me in songs, neither Thracian Or- 
 
 pheus, nee Linus ; quamvis mater, Calliopea, adsit 
 
 plious, nor Linus; although his mother, Calliopea, shall assist 
 
 huic Orphei, atque pater, formosus Apollo, huic 
 
 him Orpheus, and his father, fair Apollo, shall aid him 
 
 Lino. Si etiam Pan certet mecum, Arcadia judice, 
 
 Linus. If even Pan should contend with me, Arcadia being Judge, 
 
 etiam Pan dicat se victum, Arcadia judice. 
 
 also Pan shall declare himself conquered, Arcadia being judge. 
 
 Parve puer, incipe cognoscere matrem risu: fin 
 
 Little boy, begin to know your mother by her smile *"' 
 
 decem menses tulerunt longa fastidia matri. 
 
 ten months have brought long-continued pains on your mother 
 
 Incipe, parve puer; cui parentes non risere, nee 
 
 Begin, little boy; on whom your parents have not smiled, noi 
 
 deus hunc mensa, nee dea dignata est 
 
 a god honoured him with his table, nor a goddess honoured Ain 
 
 cubili. 
 with her bed.
 
 20 
 
 ECLOGUE V. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 MOPSE, quoniam convenimus, anibo boni, tu 
 
 O MOPSCS, since we have assembled, both good men, you 
 
 inflare leves calamos, ego d;cere versus, cur non con- 
 
 tu blow the light reeds, I to sing verses, why do we not 
 
 sedimus hie inter ulmos mistas corylis ? 
 
 it down heie among the elms mingled with hazels? 
 MOPSUS. 
 
 Tu major ; est aequum me parere tibi, Menalcas : 
 
 You are the cider; it is right forme to obey you,; O Mcnalcaa; 
 
 sive sub incertas umbras, zephyris motaniibus, sive 
 
 either beneath the uncertain shades, the west winds moving, or 
 
 potius succedimus antro ; aspice, ut silvestris labrusca 
 
 rather we enter the grotto; see, how the rural wild vine 
 
 sparsit antrum raris racemis. 
 
 sprinkles the cave with scattered clusters. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 In nostris montibus Amyntas solus certet tibi. 
 
 In our mountains Amyntas alone shall contend with you. 
 
 MOPSUS. 
 Quid si idem certet superare Phoebum canendo? 
 
 What if the same should strive to excel Apollo in singing? 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Mopse, prior incipe, si habes aut quos ignes Phyllidis, 
 
 O Mopsus, first begin, if you have either any flames of Phyllis. 
 
 . ft aut laudes Alconis, aut jurgia Codri ; incipe, Ti- 
 
 or praises ofAlcon, or quarrels ofCodrus; begin, Ti 
 
 tyrus servabit pascentes haedos. 
 tyras shall keep the feeding kids. 
 
 MOPSUS. 
 Imo, experiar haec carmina quae descripsi nuper viridi 
 
 Nay, I will try these songs which I have written lately .oallio green 
 
 cortice fagi, et modulans notavi alterngs? iOejn- 
 
 bark of the beech tree, and tuning 1 have noted them by turns: after 
 
 de tu jubeto Amyntas certet. 
 
 wards you command that Amyntas should contend.
 
 21 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Quantum lenta salix cedit pallenti olivae, quantum 
 
 As much as the slender willow yields to the pale olive, as much as 
 
 hum ills saliunca puniceis rosetis ; tan turn Amyntas 
 
 the lowly lavender to the crimson rose beds; so much Amyntas 
 
 cedit tibi nostro judicio. 
 
 yields lo you in my judgment. 
 
 MOPSUS. 
 SeJ, puer, tu desine plura: successimus antro. 
 
 But, O boy, do you cease to-utter mote: we have entered tht. grotto 
 
 Nymphae flebant Daphnin extinctum crudeli funere : 2ft 
 
 The nymphs mourned Daphnis itestroyed by cruel death ; ~" 
 
 vos, coryli, et fiumina, testes nymphis : cum mater 
 
 you, ye hazels, and ye streams, are witnesses to the nymphs: when the mother 
 
 complexa miserabile corpus sui nati, vocat atque deos 
 
 embracing the wretched body of her son, she calls both the goda 
 
 atque astra crudelia Daphni, non ulli egere pastos 
 
 and the stars cruel. O Daphnis, not any swains drove their fed 
 
 boves ad frigida flumina illis diebus : nulla quadrupes 
 
 oxen to the cool streams on those days: no quadruped 
 
 neque libavit amnem, nee attigit herbam graminis Daphni, 
 
 neither tasted the stream, nor touched a blade of grass. O Daphnis. 
 
 que feri monies que silvae loquuntur, ctiam Pte- 
 
 V>th the savage mountains and the woods speak, also the 
 
 nos leones ingemuisse tuum interitum. Daphnis 
 
 Uarihagenian lions mourned your death. Daphaia 
 
 et instituit subjungere Armenias tigres curru, Daph- 
 
 likewise taught to join Armenian tigers to the chariot, Daph- 
 
 nis inducere thiasos Baccho, et intexere lentas . 
 
 nis taught to lead out dances to Bacchus, and to intertwine.slender "' 
 
 hastas mollibus folliis. Ut vitis est decori arboribus, m 
 
 spears with soft leaves. As the vine 19 the glory to the trees, as 
 
 uvae vitibus, ut tauri gregibus, ut segetes pingui- 
 
 the grapes to the vines, so the bulls art to the flocks, as the corn to the 
 
 bus arvis ; tu omne decus tuis. Postquarn 
 
 rich fields; .so you art all the glory of your friends. After 
 
 fata tulerunt te, Pales ipsa, atque Apollo ipse reliquit 
 
 the fates bore you off, Pales herself, and Apollo himself left 
 
 agros. Sacpe, sulcis quibus mandavimns grandia 
 
 the Melds. Often, in the furrows to which we have committed the largo 
 
 hordea, infelix lolium, et steriles avenae dominantur. Pro 
 
 arley, unhappy darnel, and barren oats prevail. Instead of 
 
 molli viola, pro purpureo narcisso, carduus et paliurus 
 
 the soft violet, instead of the purple narcissus, the thistle and thorn 
 
 surgit. acutis spinis. Pastores, spargite humum folliis, 
 
 rises with sharp prickles. Ye shepherds, spread the ground with leaves
 
 22 
 
 4ft inducite umbras fontibus ; Daphnis mandat lalia 
 
 *" lead on the shades to the fountain*; Daphnis commands suck, 
 
 fieri sibi. Et facite tumnlum, et superaddite 
 
 Aingi to be done for him. And make a tomb, and superadd 
 
 carmen tumulo; Ego, Daphnis, notus in eilvis, hinc 
 
 averse to the tomb; I, Daphnis, known among the woods, hcnc 
 
 usque ad sidera, custos formosi pecoris, ipse formosior. 
 
 even to the stars, the keeper of a fair flock, myself more fair. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Divine poe'ta, tuum carmen tale nobis, quale sopor fessis 
 
 O divine poet, your song is such to us, as sleep to the wearied 
 
 in gramine, quale per aestum restinguere sitim saliente 
 
 upon the grass, as in the heat to extinguish thirst from a springing 
 
 rivo dulcis aquae. Nee aequiparas magistrum calamis 
 
 rivulet of sweet water. Nor do you equal your master with the reeds 
 
 solum, sed voce. Fortunate puer, nunc tu eris alter, 
 
 only, but with the voice. Happy boy, now you will be another, 
 
 _ n ab illo, Tamen nos dicemus haec nostra tibi 
 
 from him. Nevertheless we will sing these our vents for you 
 
 vicissim, que tollemus tuum Daphnin ad astra ; feremus 
 
 in turn, and we will extol your Dapbnis to the stars; we will raise 
 
 Daphnin ad astra : Daphnis amavit nos quoque. 
 
 Dapbnis to the stars: Daphnis loved us also. 
 MOPSUS. 
 
 An sit quicquam majus nobis tali munere ? 
 
 Whether can there be anything greater to us than such a favour? 
 
 et puer ipse fuit dignis cantari ; etjampridem Stimicon 
 
 and the boy himself was worthy to be sung ; and long since Stimicon 
 
 laudavit ista carmina nobis. 
 
 had praised these songs to us. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Daphnis, candidus, miratur insuetum limen olympi, 
 
 Daphnis, in white, admires the unaccustomed court of heaven 
 
 que videt nubes et sidera sub pedibus. Ergo alacris 
 
 and beholds the clouds and the stars beneath his feet. Therefore joyous 
 
 voluptas tenet silvas et caetera rura, que Pana, que 
 
 pleasure holds the woods and other fields, and Pan, and 
 
 pastores, que Dryadas puellas. Nee lupus insidias 
 
 the shepherds, and the Dryad maids. Nor does the \vo\fmcditate snares 
 
 pecori, nee ulla retia meditantur dolum cervis : 
 
 against the flock, nor do any nets meditate fraud to the stags- 
 
 ftft bonus Daphnis amat otia. Intonsi monies 
 
 ''^ good Daphnis loves retirement. The unshorn mountains 
 
 jpsi jactant voces ad sidera laetitia : jam rupes 
 
 themselves throw their voices to the stars with joy: now the rock 
 
 ipsae carmina, arbusta ipsa sonant. 
 
 themselves re-echo thetc songs, the groves themselves resound tkem
 
 23 
 
 Menalca, Deus, ille Deus. O sis bonus que felix tui* i 
 
 Menalcas, a God, this is a God. O be thou good and happy to your 
 
 en quatuor aras ; ecce duas tibi, Daphni, que duo 
 
 friends ! lo four altars ; behold two for you, O Daphnis, and t'.vo 
 
 altaria Phaebo, statuam bina pocula spumantia novo 
 
 oltars for Apollo, I will place two bowls foaming with new 
 
 lacte quotannis, que duos crateras pinguis olivi tibi : et 
 
 miik yearly, and two goblets of rich oil for you and 
 
 imprimis hilarans convivia multo Baccho, ante focum, 
 
 especially enlivening the feasts with much wine, before the hearth. 
 
 si ent frigus, si messis, in umbra. fimdam * 
 
 if it shall be winter, if harvest, in the shade, I will pour out '" 
 
 Arvisia vina, novum nectar, calathis. Damaetas et Lyctius 
 
 Arvisian wine, new nectar, in baskets. Damaetas and Lyctian 
 
 JEgon cantabunt mihi ; Alphesibaeus imitabitur saltantes 
 
 ^Egon shall sing to me ; Alphesibxus shall imitate the dancing 
 
 Satyros. Haec semper erunt tibi, et cum reddemus 
 
 Satyrs. These ever shall be thine, both when we offer up 
 
 solennia vota Nymphis, et cum lustrabimus agros. 
 
 our annual vows to the Nymphs, and when we survey the fields. 
 
 Dum aper juga mentis, dum piscis amabit 
 
 While the boar shall love the heights of the mountain, while the fish shall love 
 
 fiuvios ; que dum apes pascentur thymo, dum cicadae 
 
 the rivers; and while bees shall feed upon thyme, while the grass- 
 
 rore ; semper honos, que tuum nomen, que 
 
 hoppers on dew ; forever your honour, and your name, and 
 
 laudes manebunt. Agricolae facient vota tibi quotannis 
 
 praises shall remain. The farmers shall pay their vows to you yearly 
 
 sic, ut Baccho que Cereri ; tu quoque damnabis ft ~ 
 
 thus, as to Bacchus and to Ceres ; you also shall compel ^ 
 
 votis. 
 
 them to their vows. 
 
 MOPSUS. 
 Quae, quae dona reddam tibi pro tali carmine ? nara 
 
 What, what gifts shall I pay to you for euch a song ? foi 
 
 neque sibilus venientis austri me tan- 
 
 neither do the whispers of the approaching couth wind delight me so 
 
 turn, nee litora percussa fluctu tarn juvant, nee flu- 
 much, nor the shores struck by the billow so delight me nor the 
 tnina, quae decurrunt inter saxosas valles. 
 rivers which run among the rocky vallies. 
 
 MENALCAS. 
 Nos donabimus te ante hac fragili cicuta. Haec 
 
 We will present thee first with this brittle reed. This 
 
 nos, " Corydon ardebat formosum Alexin :" haec 
 
 kai taught us, " Corydon loved the beautiful Alexis :" thie
 
 24 
 
 "cujum pecus ?" an 
 
 " whose lluck is t/tis ?" whether it. il tie jtoctf 
 
 eadem docuit, 
 
 ainc lias taught us, 
 
 Meliban ? 
 of Melibxua? 
 
 MOPSUS. 
 At Menalca, tu sume pedum, fonnosum paribua 
 
 But O Menalcas, doyou take your crook. beautiful with equa 1 , 
 
 nodis ; atque aere, quod Antigenes non tulit, cum saepe 
 
 knots; and with brass, which Antigenes did not obtain, when often 
 
 rogaret me, (et turn erat dignus amari.) 
 
 he entreated me for it, (and then he was worthy to be loved.) 
 
 ECLOGUE VI. 
 
 SILENUS. 
 
 NOSTRA Thalia prima dignata est ludere Syracosio 
 
 MY muse at first condescended to sport in Syracusian 
 
 versa ; nee erubuit habitare silvas. Cum canerem 
 
 verse ; nor has she blushed to inhabit the woods. When I would have sung 
 
 reges et praelia, Cynthius vellit aurem, et admonuit: 
 
 of kings, and battles, Apollo pulled my car, and admonished 
 
 Tityre, oportet pastorem pascere pingues oves, 
 
 <n thus: O Tityrus, it becomes a shepherd to feed his fattening sheep 
 
 dicere deductum carmen. Nunc ego meditaboi 
 
 and to sing an humble song. Now I will meditate 
 
 agrestem musam tcnui arundine, (namque super- 
 
 my rustic muse on a slender reed, (for there will 
 
 erunt tibi, Vare, qui cupiant dicere tuas laudes, et 
 
 remain to you, O Varus, t/tose who desire losing your praises, and 
 
 condere tristia bella.) Non canoinjussa; tamen, 
 
 to describe mournful wars.) I do not sing unbidden subjects; yet, 
 
 si quis, si quis captus amore leget haec" 
 
 if anyone, if anyone captivated by love of verse will read thesa 
 
 lft quoque; Vare, nostrae myricae te, omne 
 
 even; O Varus, our tamarisks shall sing of thee, every 
 
 nemus canet te : nee est ulla pagina gratior Phffibo 
 
 grove shall sing of thee : nor is any page more grateful to Apollo 
 
 quam qua? praescripsit nomen Vari sibi. Pierides, 
 
 than that which has prefixed the name of Varus on it. Ye Muses, 
 
 pergite: Chromis et Mnasylus, pueri, videre Sile- 
 
 proceed: Chromis and Mnasylus, playful boys, beheld Sile- 
 
 num jacentumsomnoinantro, inflatum venas hesterno 
 
 0os lying in Bleep in a cave, blown up as to his veins with yctter
 
 25 
 laccho ut semper. Serta, tantum dclapsa 
 
 day's wine, as ever he is. His garlands, just now fallen 
 
 capiti, jacebant procul ; et gravis cantharus pende- 
 
 from his head, lay at a distance; and his weighty tankard bun; 
 
 bat attrita ansa. Aggressi, injiciunt vincula ex 
 
 by its wont handle. Approaching, they cast over Aim chains fn.m 
 
 ipsis sertis-(nam saepe senex iuserat ambo spe 
 
 these wreaths (ror often the old man had beguiled both with the hope 
 
 carmiuis). JEgle addit se sociam, que su- _ ft 
 
 of a song). -gle adds herself as a companion, and came ^ 
 
 pervenit timidis ^Egle pulcherrima Nala- 
 
 up to them afarmed by her approach, JEgle the most beautiful of the 
 
 dum, que pingit frontem et tempora jam videnti 
 
 fountain nymphs, and paints his forehead and temples just now looking 
 
 sanguineis moris. Hie, ridens, dolum, 
 
 on them with bloody mulberries. He, laughing, at the deceit, 
 
 inquit, Quo nectitis vincula ? solvite me, pueri : 
 
 says, Why do you bind these chains ? loose me, boys : 
 
 est satis potuisse videri. Cognoscite 
 
 it is enough to have been suffered to be beheld thus. Hear 
 
 carmina quae vultis : carmina vobis ; erit aliud 
 
 the songs which you wish : the songs are for you ; there shall be another 
 
 mercedis huic. Simul ipse incipit. Turn vero videres 
 
 reward for her. At once he begins. Then indeed you might 
 
 que Faunos que feras ludere in nume- 
 
 have seen both Fauns and wild beasts to sport about him in regulated 
 
 rum ; turn rigidas ^uercus motare cacumina. Nee Par- 
 measure; then the hardy oaks to move their tops. Nor does the 
 
 nassia rupes tantum gaudet Phtebo, nee Rhodope et Isma- 
 
 Parnassian rock so much rejoice Apollo, nor Khodope and Isma- 
 
 rus lantum miratur Orphea. Namque canebat, uti 
 
 fus BO much admire Orpheus. For be sang, how "^ 
 
 semina que terrarum, que anima?, que maris, et si- 
 
 the elements both of the earth, and of the air, and of the sea, and at the 
 
 mul liquidi ignis, fuissent coacta per magnum 
 
 same time of the unmixed fire, bad been united through the great 
 
 inane : ut his primis omnia exordia, 
 
 void: bow from these first principles are all the causes of things, 
 
 ut tener orbis mundi ipse concreverit. Turn 
 
 how the tender globe of the world itself had become hardened. Then 
 
 solum cceperit durare, et discludere Nerea ponto, 
 
 tbe soil had begun to become firm, and to set apart the waters in the sea, 
 
 et surnere formas rerum paulatim. Jamque ut terrae 
 
 and to take the forms of things by degrees. And now how the lands 
 
 stupeant novum solem lucescere, atque imbres 
 
 were amazed when the new sun began to shine, and showers 
 
 cadant, nubibus submotis altius: cum prim um 
 
 all. from the clouds being removed higher- when first'
 
 20 
 
 eilvae incipiunt surgere, que cum rara animalia eiTcnt 
 
 the woods begin to arise, and when few animal!) wanacf 
 
 . per ignotos monies. Hie refert jactos lapides 
 
 through unknown mountains. He relates the cast stones 
 
 Pyrrhae, Saturnia regna, que Caucaseas volucres, que 
 
 afPyrrha, Saturn's kingdom, and the Caucasian birds, arid 
 
 furtum Promethei. Adjungit his, quo fonte nantae 
 
 fie thuft. of Prometheus. He adjoins to these, in what fountain the sailon 
 
 camassent relictum Hylan: ut omne litus sonarct, 
 
 but called aloud on the lost Hylas: how every shore resounded 
 
 Hyla, Hyla. Et solatur Pasiphaeu amore nivei 
 
 Hylas, Hylas.' And he consoles Pasiptue with the love of a snowy 
 
 juvenci : fortunatam, si armenta nunquam fuissent. Ah, 
 
 bullock happy, if herds never hud been. Alas, 
 
 infelix virgo, quac dementia cepit te ? Praetides 
 
 unhappy maid, what madness possesses thce? The daughters of Prwtua 
 
 implerunt agros falsis mugitibus ; at tamen non ulla 
 
 filled the fields with false lowings* but yet not anyone 
 
 secuta est tarn turpes concubitus pecudum, quamvis timu- 
 
 followed so base cohabitation of flacks, although she might 
 
 - ft isset aratrum collo, et saepe quaesivissct cornua 
 
 **" fear the plough on her neck, and often she had sought for horns 
 
 in levi fronte. Ah, infelix virgo, nunc tu erras 
 
 upon her smooth forehead. Alas, unhappy maid, now you wander 
 
 in montibus ! ille, fultus niveum latus molli hy- 
 
 upon the mountains) he, supporting his snowy side on tin; soft hy 
 
 acintho, ruminat pallentes herbas sub nigra illice. 
 
 acinth, chews the pale herbs beneath the black oak, 
 
 aut sequitur aliquam in magno grege. Nymphae, 
 
 or follows another kcifcr in the great herd. Ye nymphs, 
 
 Dictseae nymphae, claudite, jam claudite saltus nemo- 
 
 ye Dictxan nymphs, shut up, now shut up the lawns of the 
 
 rum : si forte qua errabunda vestigia bovis, obvia, 
 
 groves: if perhaps any wandering footsteps of the bullock, in the way, 
 
 ferant sese nostris oculis. Forsitan aliquae vaccae 
 
 may offer themselves to my eyes. Perhaps other heifers 
 
 perducant ilium ad Gortynia stabula, aut captum viridi 
 
 will lead him to the Gortynian stalls, or captivated by the green 
 
 fin herba, aut secutum armenta. Turn canit puellam 
 
 grass, or pursuing the herds. Then he sings of the maid 
 
 miratam mala Hesperidum : turn circumdat Phae- 
 
 admiring the apples of the Ilcspcridcs : then how he surrounds the daugh- 
 
 tontiadas musco amara3 corticis, atque eriget 
 
 lers of Photon with the moss of the bitter bark, and raises them 
 
 proceras alnos solo. Turn canit, ut una sororum 
 
 tall alders from the ground. Then he sing*, how one of the sisters 
 
 duxerit Gallum errantem ad flumina Permessi in Aonas 
 
 iJ Callus wandering to the streams of Permessus on the Aouian
 
 27 
 
 monies ,' que ut omnis chorus Phoebi assurexerit viro , 
 
 mountains; and how all the band of Apollo arose to the man; 
 
 ut Linus, pastor, ornatus crines floribus atque 
 
 how Linus, the shepherd, ornamented as to his locks with flowers and 
 
 amaro apio, dixerit haec illi divino carmine: 
 
 bitter parsley, said these things to him in divine verse: 
 
 Musae dant tibi hos calamos, en, accipe, quos ante 
 
 The Muses present to you these reeds, lo, take them, which before 
 
 seni Ascraeo; quibus ille solebat de- ~ n 
 
 Hey gave to the old Ascrian ; with which he was accustomed to '" 
 
 ducere rigidas ornos montibus cantando. Origo 
 
 lead out the hardy wild ashes from the mountains by singing. Let the origin 
 
 Grynaei nemoris dicatur tibi his ; ne sit quis 
 
 of tlic Grynean grove be sung by you on these ; that there be not any 
 
 lucus, quo Apollo jactet se plus. Quid loquar, 
 
 grove, in which Apollo may boast himself more. Why should I speak 
 
 aut Scyllam Nisi ? quam, 
 
 oftchat he said, either ofScylla the daughter ofNisus? orofher whom. 
 
 succinctam Candida inguina latrantibus monstris, 
 
 girt as to her snow white waist with barking monsters. 
 
 fama secuta est vexasse Dulichias rates, et, in 
 
 fume has handed down to have vexed the Dulachiau ships, and, in 
 
 alto gurgite, ah, lacerasse timidos nautas marinis 
 
 the deep whirlpool, alas, to have torq the frightened sailors with sea 
 
 canibus ? aut ut narraverit artus Terei mutatos ? 
 
 dogs? or how he related that the limbs of Tereus were changed? 
 
 quas dapes, quae dona Philomela paraverit illi ? quo 
 
 what festivals, what gifts Philomela bad prepared for him ? with 
 
 cursu petiverit deserta, et quibus alis in- Rn 
 
 what swiftness be sought the deserts, and with what wings the 
 
 felix supervolitaverit tecta ante sua ? ille 
 
 wretched prince flew above the palace formerly his own 1 be 
 
 canit omnia, quae beatus Eurotas audiit, Phoebo 
 
 eung alt these things, which joyful Eurotas heard, Apollo 
 
 quondam meditante, que jussit lauros ediscere : 
 
 formerly having played them, and commanded the laurels to learn; 
 
 pulsae valles referunt ad sidera. Donee vesper 
 
 the stricken vales re-echo them to the stars. Until the evening 
 
 jussit cogere oves stabulis que refcrre 
 
 etar coerced them to collect the sheep in the stables, and to count up 
 
 numerum, et processit olympo invito. 
 
 their number, and proceeded in the sky unwillingly relinquishing tht tang.
 
 ECLOGUE VII. 
 
 MELIB^IUS. CORYDON. THYRSIS. 
 
 MELIB^JUS. 
 FOUTE Daphnis consederat sub arguta ilice ; que 
 
 Br chance Daphnis sat beneath a whispering o.ik; both 
 
 Corydon et Thyrsis compulerant greges in unum : 
 
 Corydon and Thyrsis had driven their flocks together : 
 
 Thyrsis oves, Corydon- capellas, distentas lacte : 
 
 Thyrsis his sheep, Corydon his goats, swelled out with milk : 
 
 ambo florentes aelatibus, ambo Arcades : et pares 
 
 both iii the prime of their age, both Arcadians: and equal 
 
 cantare, et parati respondere. Hie caper ipse, vir 
 
 to sing, and prepared to reply. Here the goat himself, the husband 
 
 gregis, deerraverat milii, dum defendo teneras myrtos 
 
 of the flock, had wandered from me, while I defend the tender myrtles 
 
 a. frigore ; atque ego aspicio Daphnin : ubi ille videt 
 
 from the cold; and 1 see Daphnis: when he beholds 
 
 me contra, inquit ; O Melibace, ades hue ocyus ; 
 
 ie opposite, he says : O Melibseus, do you come here quickly ; 
 
 tibi caper salvus, et hcedi ; et si potes cessare quid, 
 
 your goat is safe, and the kids; and 'if you can loiter at all, 
 
 in re( l u i esce SUD urnbrfc. Juvenci ipsi venient 
 
 rest beneath the shade. The bullocks themselves shall come 
 
 per prata hue potum. Hie Mincius praetexit virides 
 
 through the meadows here to drink. Here Mincius has lined its green 
 
 ripas tenerii arundine, que examina resonant 
 
 banks with the tender reed, and swarms of bees, resound 
 
 e sacnl quercu. Quid facerem ? ego habeam neque 
 
 from the sacred oak. What could I do ? I had neither 
 
 Alcippen, nee Phyllida, quae clauderet domi agnos 
 
 Alcippe, nor Phyllis, who would shut up at home the lambs 
 
 depulsos 4 lacte ; et erat magnum certamen, Corydon 
 
 weaned from milk; and there was a great contest, Corydon 
 
 cum Thyrside. Tamen posthabui mea seria 
 
 with Thyrsis. Yet I have postponed my serious affairt 
 
 illorum ludo. Igitur, ambo contendere ahernis ver- 
 
 to their 'sport. Therefore, both began to contend in alternate ver- 
 
 sibus: Musa3 volebant meminisse alternos 
 
 es: The Muses wished me to have commemorated alternate 
 
 Corydon hos, Thyrsis referebat illos in 
 
 *" versa. Corydon rehearsed these, Tliyrsis recited those in 
 
 ordine. 
 
 order.
 
 CORYDON. 
 Libethrides nymphae, noster amor, aut concedite carmen 
 
 Ye Libcthrian nymphs, our love, either grant a song 
 
 mihi, quale meo Codro (ille facit 
 
 tome, such us you have granted to my Codrus: (he makes vtrset 
 
 proxima versibus Phoebi), aut, si omnes non pos- 
 
 ni'.xt to the verses of Apollo), eitlier if toe all can* 
 
 Bumus, hie arguta fistula pendebit sacra pinu. 
 
 not do it, here my tuneful pipe shall ha.i b on the sacred pine. 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Arcades pastores ornate crescentem poetam hedenl, 
 
 Ye Arcadian shepherds adorn your rising poet with ivy, 
 
 ut ilia Codro rumpantur invidia. Aut si laudiirit 
 
 that the sides of Codrus may be burst with envy. O if he should praise 
 
 ultra placitum, cingite frontem baccare, ne mala 
 
 me beyond my wish, bind your forehead tth lady's glove, lest an evil 
 
 lingua noceat futuro vati. 
 
 tongue should hurt the future poet. 
 
 CORYDON. 
 Delia, parvus Mycon hoc caput setosi apri tibi, 
 
 Delia, little Mycon offers this heaJ of a bristly boar to you, 
 
 et ramosa cornua vivacis cervi. Si hoc fuerit ~~ 
 
 and the branching horns of a lusty stag. If this may have been " U 
 
 proprium, stabis tota de levi marmo're, evincta 
 
 appropriate, you shall stand out entire from smooth marble, binding 
 
 suras puniceo cothurno. 
 
 your legs with crimson buskin. 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Priape, est sat te exspectare sinum lactis et 
 
 O Priapus, it is enough for you to expect a pail of milk and 
 
 haec liba quotannis : es custos pauperis horti. Nunc 
 
 these cakes yearly : you are the keeper of a poor garden. Now 
 
 fecimus te marmoreum pro tempore : at esto tu aureus, 
 
 we have made thee of marble for the time: but bo thou of gold, 
 
 si fetura suppleverit gregem. 
 
 if breeding shall supply the flock. 
 
 CORYDON. 
 Galatea, Nerine, dulcior mihi thymo Hyblae, 
 
 O Galatea, daug/iter of Nereus, sweeter tome than the thyme ofHybla, 
 
 candidior cycnis, formosior alba hedenl : cum primus 
 
 more white than swans, more fair than white ivy when first 
 
 pasti tauri repetent praesepia, si qua cura tui Cory- 
 
 the full fed bulls shall seek the stalls, if any care of your Cory 
 
 donis habet te, venito. , Q 
 
 don possesses you, come.
 
 30 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Im6, ego vidcar tibi amarior Sardois herbis, hor- 
 
 Nuy, I may seem to you more bitter than Sardinian herbs, mnra 
 
 ridior rnsco, vilior projects. algii, si liacc lux 
 
 rough man furze, meaner than rejected sea-weed, if this day 
 
 nnn est jam longior mihi toto anno. Pasti 
 
 not now longer tome than a whole year. Ye full fed 
 
 juvenci, ite domum ; ite, si quis pudor. 
 
 bullocks, go home;. go, if there is any modesty. 
 
 CORYDON. 
 Muscosi fontes, et herba mollior somno, et viridia 
 
 Yc mossy fountains, and grass softer than slttp, and the greei 
 
 arbutus, quae' tegit vos rara umbra, defcndite solsli- 
 
 irbute, which covers you with its thin shade, keep oft" the sol 
 
 tium pecori : jam torrida aestas venit ; jam 
 
 tice from the flock : already the burning summer approaches; nnw 
 
 gemmae turgent in laeto palmite. 
 
 the buds swell on ths fruitful vine. 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Hie focus, et pingiies taedae ; hie plurimus ignis 
 
 Here is a he.trlh. and rich torches ; here i.> much fire 
 
 5ft semper, et posies nigri assidua, fuligine. Hie 
 
 always, and the posts are black with continual soot. Here 
 
 curamus frigora Boreas tantum, quantum aut lupus 
 
 we regard 'the cold of Boreas as much, as either the woli 
 
 numerum, aut torrentia fl um in a 
 
 regard* the number of the flock, or the headlong streams regard ihcir 
 
 ripas. 
 
 banks. 
 
 CORYDON. 
 
 Et junipcri, et hirsutae castanere stunt; poma 
 
 And the junipers, and thorough chestnuts remain; apples 
 
 jacent strata passim, qureque sub sua. arbore ; nunc 
 
 lio strewn everywhere, each one beneath its own tree; now 
 
 omnia rident ; at si formosus Alexis abeat his 
 
 all things laugh; but if fair A lexvs should be absent from these 
 
 montibus, videas et flumina sicca. 
 
 mountains, you would see even the rivers dry. 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Ager aret ; herba sitit moriens vitio ae'ris 
 
 The field is dried up; the grass thirsts dying by the 'impurity of the air 
 
 Liber invidit pampineas umbras collibus : omne 
 
 Bacchus has cnviec his vine shadows from the hills: every 
 
 nemus virebit adventu nostrae Phyllidis ; et pluri- 
 
 jrove will be green by the coming of our Phyllis; and abun- 
 
 ,. nuis Jupiter descendet laeto imbri. 
 
 " daiil Jiijutrr descends in t joyful shower
 
 31 
 
 CORYDON. 
 Populus gratissima Alcidae, vitis Taccho, 
 
 The poplar is most acceptable to Hercules, the vine to Bacchus, the 
 
 tns formosae Veneri, sua laurea Phoebo ; Phyllis amat 
 
 myrtle to fair Venus, his own laurel to Apollo; Phyllis loves 
 
 corylos : dam Phyllis amabit illas, nee myrtus nee 
 
 hazel* while Phyllis shall love these, neither the myrtle nor 
 
 laurea Phoebi vincet corylos. 
 
 ihe laurel of i'luDbus shall excel the hazels. 
 
 THYRSIS. 
 Fraxinus pulcherrima in silvis, pinus in hortis 
 
 The ash is most beautiful in the woods, the pine in the gardens 
 
 populus in fluviis, abies in altis montibus ; at si, 
 
 the poplar by the rivers, the fir in the lofty mountains; but if. 
 
 formose Lycida, revisas me saepius, fraxinus in 
 
 beautiful Lycidns, . you shall revisit me oftener, the ash in 
 
 silvis, pinus in hortis cedet tibi. 
 
 the woods, the pine in the gardens shall yield to thee. 
 
 MELIB^EUS. 
 Memini haec, et Thyrsin victum, contendere 
 
 I remember these things, and that Thyrsis conquered, contended 
 
 frustra. Ex illo tempore, Corydon, Corydon est 
 
 in vain. From that time, Corydon, Corydon is " 
 
 nobis. 
 
 for us. 
 
 ECLOGUE VIII. 
 
 PflARMACEUTRIA. DAMON. ALPHESIBCFUS. 
 
 MUSAM pastorum Damonis et Alphesibcei 
 
 Let us sing the muse of the shepherds Damon and Alphosibftm 
 
 qnos certantes juvenca, unmemor herbarum, mirata est, 
 
 whom contending the heifer, unmindful of her grass, admired 
 
 quorum carmine lynces stupefactae, et flumina inutata 
 
 by whose song the lynxes stood amazed, ind the rivers changed 
 
 suos cursus, requierunt ; dicemus musam Damonis el 
 
 in their courses, rested; let us sing the muse of Damon aid 
 
 Alphesibcei. Tu mihi, seu jam superas saxa 
 
 Alphesibujus. Do you assist me, whether now you pass over the rocks 
 
 magni Timavi, sive legis oram Illyrici aequoris : 
 
 of great Timavus, or coast along the shore of the Illyri.iu st-u
 
 32 
 
 en, unquara ille dies erit, cum liceat mihi 
 
 lo, ever will that day be, when it mil be allowed to mo 
 
 dicere tua fact a ? en, erit, ut liceat mihi i'erre 
 
 losing your deeds ? lo, will it be, that it m;iy lie allowed to me to eitcnil 
 
 in tua carmina, sola digna Sophocleo cothurno 
 
 your verses, alone worthy ofSophoclcs' buskin (i.e. tragic style) 
 
 per totum orbem ? principium a te ; desiut.'t 
 
 through the whole globe ? my commencement is from you ; my mute ?liall cml 
 
 tibi. Accipe carmina coepta tuis jussis, atque sine 
 
 with you. Receive my songs begun by your 'orders, and allow 
 
 hanchederam serpere inter viclriccs lauros circum tibi 
 
 Una ivy to creep amidst the victorious laurels around youi 
 
 tempora. Vix frigida umbra noctis decesscrat 
 
 temples. Scarcely had the cold shadow of night departed 
 
 coelo, cum ros gratissimus pecori, in tenerii herb;\ ; 
 
 from the sky, when the dew is most grateful to the flock, on the tewdT grasi 
 
 Damon, incumbens tereti olivse, coepit sic. 
 
 Damon leaning on his tapering olive, began thus. 
 
 DAMON. 
 Lucifer, nascere, qite praeveniens, age almum diem ; 
 
 O Lucifer, arise, and going before, lead on the cheering day; 
 
 dum, deceptus indigno amore conjugis, Nisje, queror ; 
 
 while, deceived by the unworthy love of my bride, Nisa, I complain ; 
 
 2ft et moriens; tamen extrem;\ hon\, alloquor deos, 
 
 *^ and dying, yet in my last hour, I address the gods, 
 
 quamquam profeci nil illis testibus. Mea 
 
 although it has profited me nothing that they were witnesses. My 
 
 tibia, incipe Maenalios versus mecum. Maenalus semper 
 
 pipe, begin Mxnalian verses with me. Mienalus ahvaj f> 
 
 habet que argutum nemus, que loquentes pinos : ille 
 
 has both a tuneful grove, and singing pines: In 
 
 semper audit amores pastorum, que Pana, qui primus 
 
 always listens to the loves of the shepherds, and Pan, who first 
 
 non passus calamos inertes. Mea tibia, incipe 
 
 did not suffer his reeds to lie slothful. My pipe, begin 
 
 Maenalioa versus mecum. Nisa datur Mopso ! quid 
 
 Menalian verses with me. Nisa is yielded to Mopsus 1 wlia 1 
 
 amantes non speremus ? Jam gryphes jungentur 
 
 may we lovers .not expect? Now griffins shall be yoked 
 
 equis ; que sequenti eevo, timidi damae vcnient 
 
 with horses; and in the following age, cowardly fallow deer shall coin* 
 
 cum canibus ad pocula. Mopse, incide novas 
 
 with dogs to the cups. O Mopsup. cut your new nnptia 
 
 faces ; uxor. ducitur tibi. Marite, sparge nuces; Hespe 
 
 torches; a wife is led out for you. O husband, scatter nuts; Hospc 
 
 o rus deserit (Etam tib'i. Mea tibia, incipe Mania 
 
 rus deserts (Eta for you. My pipe, bejjin M*na
 
 33 
 
 lios versus inecum. O conjnncta digno viro ! dum des- 
 
 lian verses with me. O united to a worthy man ! while yon 
 
 picis omnes, que dum mea fistula est odio tibi, que dum 
 
 itespise all men, and while my pipe is hateful to you, and while 
 
 capellce, que hirsutum supercilium, que prolixa 
 
 my goats, and shaggy cye-b'row, and long 
 
 barba, nee credis quemquam deum ".urare 
 
 jcard are hated by you, nor do you believe anyone of the gods to care 
 
 mortalia. Mca tibia, incipe Meenalios versus mecum. 
 
 for mortal concerns. My pipe, begin Mxnalian verses with me. 
 
 Vidi te parvam, legentem roscida mala cum matre 
 
 I beheld you a little girl, gathering -dewy quinces with your mother 
 
 in nostris sepibus (ego eram vester dux). Jam turn alter 
 
 in our hedges (I was your guide). Then another 
 
 annus ab undecimo ceperat me : jam poteram contingere 
 
 year from the eleventh had overtaken me: now I could touch 
 
 fragiles ramos a terra. Ut vidi, ut peril, ,~ 
 
 the brittle branches from the ground. How I gazed, how I wasted away, 
 
 ut malus error abstulit me ! Mea tibia, incipe 
 
 how the destructive delusion stole me away ! My pipe, begin 
 
 Maenalios versus mecum. Nunc scio quid amor sit: 
 
 MuMinlian verses with me. Now I know what love is: 
 
 Ismarus, aut Rhodope, aut extremi Garamantes edunt 
 
 Ismarus, or Rhodophe, or the most distant ' Garamantes bore 
 
 ilium in duris cotibus, puerum nee nostri generis, nee 
 
 him on the hard clifis, a boy neither of our race, nor 
 
 sanguinis. Mea tibia, incipe Msenalios versus mecum. 
 
 blood. My pipe, begin Msnalian verses with me. 
 
 Saevus amor docuit matrem commaculare manus san- 
 
 Cruel love has taught a mother to stain ber hands in the 
 
 guine natorum : tu, mater, crudelis quoque : mater 
 
 blood of her sons: you, O mother, were cruel likewise: wag the mother 
 
 magis crudelis, an ille puer improbus ? ille -~ 
 
 more cruel, or was the boy more wicked 1 the **" 
 
 puer improbus, tu crudeiis quoque, mater. Mea 
 
 boy teas wicked, you were cruel also, O mother. My 
 
 tibia, incipe Moenalios -versus mecum. Nunc et lupus 
 
 pipe, begin Mienalian verses with me. Now also the wolf 
 
 fugiat oves ultro; durse quercus ferant aurea 
 
 Hies from the sheep of his own accord: the hardy oaks bear golden 
 
 mala ; alnus floreat narcisso ; myricae sudent pinguia 
 
 apples; the alder shall flower with narcissus; tamarisks perspire rich 
 
 electra corticibus ; et ululae certent cycnis : Tityrus 
 
 amber from their barks; and owls shall contend with swans : Let Titynu 
 
 sit Orpheus ; Orpheus in silvis, Arion inter delphinas. 
 
 oe Orpheus; Orpheus in the woods, Arion among, the dolphins 
 
 Mea tibia, incipe Maenalios 1 versus mecum. Omnia 
 
 My pipe, begin Mxnalian verses with me. All thin^t
 
 34 
 
 fiant vel medium mare. Silvae, vivite. De 
 
 may become even as in the midst of the sea. Ye woods, live. I shaJ 
 
 ferar praeceps de specula, aerii montis in undas : 
 
 be borne headlong from the height of an airy mountain to the waves; 
 
 fi xv habeto hoc extremum munus morientis. Tibia, 
 
 accept this the last favour of your dying friend. My pipe, 
 
 desine, jam desine Maenalios versus. Damon haec : 
 
 cease. now cease Maenalian verses. Damon vttrrcd thesa 
 
 Vos Pierides, dicite, quae Alphesiboeus respondent. 
 
 words: Ye Pierian Muses, say, what Alphesiboeus replied 
 
 Omnes non possumus omnia. 
 
 All men cannot do all things. 
 
 ALPHESIBCEUS. 
 Efler aquam et cinge haec altaria molli vitta ; 
 
 Bring out water and bind these altars with a soft fillet; 
 
 que adole pingues verbenas, et mascula thura, ut 
 
 and burn rich vervain, and male frankincense, that 
 
 experiar avertere sanos sensus conjugis magicis sacris. 
 
 I may try to pervert the sound senses of my wife by magic sacrifices. 
 
 Nihil nisi carmina desunt hie. Mea carmina, ducite, 
 
 Nothing except charms are wanting here; JVly charms, lead, 
 
 ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. Carmina vel possunt 
 
 lead Daphnis from the city home. Charms even can 
 
 _~ deducere lunam ccelo : Circe mutavit socios 
 
 '" drawdown the moon from heaven ; Circe changed the companions 
 
 Ulyssei carminibus : frigidus anguis, in pratis, rumpi- 
 
 of Ulysses by charms : the cold snake, in the meadows, is 
 
 tur cantando. Mea carmina, ducite, ducite Daphnin ab 
 
 burst by charming. My charms, lead, lead Daphnis from 
 
 urbe domum. Primum circumdo tibi haec tria licia 
 
 the city home. First I surround for thee these three thread* 
 
 diversa triplici colore ; que duco effigiem ter circum 
 
 variegated with a triple hue ; and lead thy image thrice around 
 
 haec altaria. Deus gaudet impare numero. Mea car- 
 
 these altars. The god rejoices in an unequal number. My 
 
 mina, ducite, ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. Ama- 
 
 chanus, lead, lead Daphnia from thejeity home. Ama- 
 
 rylli, necte ternos colores tribus nodis. Amarylli, necte 
 
 ryllis, bind three colours in three knots. O Amaryllis, bin I 
 
 modo : et die necto vincula Veneris. Mea carmina, 
 
 them now: and say I bind the chains of Venus. My charms 
 
 ducite, ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. Ut hie limus 
 
 lead. lead Daphnis from the city home. As this clay 
 
 durescit, et ut hoe cera liquescit, uno que eodem 
 
 hardens, and as this wax melts, by one and the saint 
 
 igni. sic Daphnis amore. Sparge molam, et incendo 
 
 lire, thus Daphn s by my love. Scatter the cake, and bun
 
 35 
 
 fragiles lauros bitumine. Malus Daphnis urit me ; ego 
 
 buttle laurels with pitch. Cruel Daphnis burns me; I 
 
 hanc laurum in Daphnide. Mea carmina, ducite, 
 
 (urn this laurel upon Daphnis. My charms, lend 
 
 ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. Talis amor 
 
 lead Daphnis from the city home. May such love* possess 
 
 Daphnin, qnalis cum bucula fessa quaerendo juvencum 
 
 Daphnis, as when a heifer weaned with seeking the bull 
 
 per nemora atque altos lucos, perdita procumbit in 
 
 through the groves and lofty forests, abandoned she lies down on 
 
 viridi herba propter rivum aquae, nee meminit decedere 
 
 the green grass near a river of water, nor remembers to depart 
 
 serae nocti ; talis amor teneat ; nee sit mihi 
 
 late at night ; let such love possess Daphnis ; nor let it be my 
 
 cura mederi. Mea carmina, ducite, ducite Daphniii ab 
 
 care to heal him. My charms, lead, lead Daphnis from 
 
 urbe domum. Ille perfidus olim reliquit has ~ ft 
 
 the city home. The faithless swain formerly left these " 
 
 exuvias mihi, cara pignora sui ; quae nunc ego 
 
 clothes tome, the dear pledges of himself; which now 1 
 
 mando tibi, terra, in limine ipso: haec pignora debent 
 
 commit to you, O earth, in the entrance itself: these pledges owe 
 
 Daphnin. Mea carmina, ducite, ducite Daphnin ab 
 
 Daphnis to me. My charms, lead, lead Daphnis. from 
 
 urbe domum. Moeris ipse dedit mihi has herbas, 
 
 the city home. Mccris himself has given to me these herbs, 
 
 atque haec venena lecta Ponto ; plurima nascuntur 
 
 and these poisons gathered in Pontus ; many such grow 
 
 Ponto. Ego vidi Mrerin saepe fieri lupum his, et 
 
 in Pontus. 1 have seen Moeris often become a wolf by them, and 
 
 condere se silvis, saepe excire animas imis sepulcris, 
 
 hide himself in the woods, often to call forth souls from the deep tombs 
 
 atque traducere satas messes alio. ' Mea carmina 
 
 and to lead off the growing harvests to another place. My charms 
 
 ducite, ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. Ama- ,~ 
 
 lead, lead Daphnis from the city home. Ama- ^" 
 
 rylli fer cineres foras : que jace trans caput 
 
 ryllis bring the ashes out: and cast them over your head intt 
 
 fluenti rivo : ne respexeris. Ego aggrediar Daphnin 
 
 a flowing stream: do not look back. I will attack Diphnis 
 
 his : ille nihil curat deos, curat nil carmina. 
 
 with tbem : lie nothing cares for the gods, he cares nothing for my charm* 
 
 Mea carmina, ducite, ducite Daphnin ab urbe domum. 
 
 My charms, Icafl, lead Daphnis from the city home. 
 
 Aspice, cinis ipse corripuit altaria tremulis flam mis 
 
 Behold, the ashes itself has seized the altars with tremulous flami-3' 
 
 suo. sponte, dum moror ferre sit bonum. Certc, 
 
 rpontancoufly, while I delay to bear (Item off may It be for good. Trulj;
 
 est nescio quid ; et Hylax latrat in limine. 
 
 tlit-re is Acre I know not what ; and the dog Hylax barks in the entrance. 
 
 Credimus ? an qui amant, ipsi fingunt somnia 
 
 Do we believe it 7 or do those who love, themselves feign dreams 
 
 sibi ? Carmina, parcite, jam parcite, Daphnis venit 
 
 to themselves ? My charms, cease now cease, Dapnms come* 
 
 ab urbe. 
 
 from the city 
 
 ECLOGUE IX. 
 LYCIDAS. MffiRis. 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 M<ERI, quo pedes te ? an in urbem quo 
 
 MCERIS, where do your feet bear you ? whether into the city where 
 
 via ducit ? 
 
 the way leads ? 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Lycida, vivi pervenimus, ut ad vena possessor, 
 
 O Lycidas, living have we come to this, that a strange possessor, 
 
 nostri agelli, disceret (quod nunquam sumus veriti) ; 
 
 of my little field, should say (which never. had we feared), 
 
 Haec sunt mea ; veteres coloni, migrate, nunc vicli, 
 
 These are mine; ye ancient husbandmen, remove, now conquered, 
 
 tristes, quoniam fors versat omnia, mittimus hos hoedos 
 
 cad, since chance upturns every thing, we send these kids 
 
 illi (quod nee vertat bene). 
 
 '.o him (which /pray may not turn out well). 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 Certe, equidem, audieram vestrum Menalcan servasse 
 
 Truly, indeed, 1 had heard that your Menalcas had saved 
 
 II, omnia carminibus, qua colles incipiunt sub- 
 
 all the tract by his verses, where the hills begin to 
 
 diicere se, que demittere jugum molli clivo, 
 
 withdraw themselves, and to depress their height by a gentle declension, 
 
 usque ad aquam, et cacumina veteris fagi jam fracta. 
 
 even to the water, and the tops of the old beech now broken. 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Audieras, et fama fuit : sed, Lycida, nostra 
 
 You had heard it. and the report \\nt to: but, O Lycidas. our
 
 37 
 
 carmina valent tantum inter martia tela, quantum dicunt 
 
 verses prevail as much amid martial weapons, as they say 
 
 Chaonias columbas aquild veniente ? quod nisi sinistra 
 
 Chaoman doves do. the eagle approaching ; but unless the ill-omened 
 
 comix monuisset me ante ab cava ilice, incidere 
 
 raven had admonished me before from the hollow oak, to lay aside 
 
 novas lites, quacumque nee hie tuus Moeris, nee 
 
 new controversies, by any means, neither this your Maria, nor 
 
 Menalcas ipse, viveret. 
 
 Menalcas himself, had note been alive. 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 Heu, tantum scelus cadit in quemquam! Heu ! 
 
 Alas 1 can BO great wickedness fall to any one 1 Alas t 
 
 Menalca, tua solatia pene rapta nobis simul 
 
 Menalcas, your consolation teas almost taken from us at the same time 
 
 tecum ! quis caheret nymphas ? quis spargerei 
 
 with yourself I who would have sung the nymphs? who bad strewn 
 
 humum florentibus herbis, aut induceret fontes 
 
 the ground with flowering herbs, or had overspread the fountains 
 
 viridi umbra? vel carmina quae tacitus sublegi 2 x 
 
 with a verdant shade? or the songs which silently I stole ^ 
 
 tibi nuper, cum ferres te ad Amaryllida, nostras 
 
 from you lately, when you withdrew yourself to Amaryllis, our 
 
 delicias ? Tityre, pasce capellas, dum redeo ; via 
 
 darjmg ? O Tityrus, feed my goats, until I return ; the way 
 
 est brevis ; et, Tityre, age pastas potum : et, 
 
 i short ; and, Tityrus, drive them when fed to drink : and, 
 
 inter agendum, caveto occursare capro: ille ferit 
 
 while driving, beware not to encounter the he-goat: he strikes 
 cornu. 
 
 with his horn. 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Imo haec quae canebat Varo, necdum perfecta. Vare, 
 
 Rather these which he sang to Varus, nor yet are they finished. O Varuc, 
 
 cantantes cycni ferent tuum nomen sublime ad sidera, 
 
 the singing swans shall bear your came on high to the stars, 
 
 inodo Mantua superet nobis. Mantua, vas ! minium 
 
 provided Mantua may remain to us. Mantua, alas I too 
 
 vicina miserae Cremonae 1 
 
 near the wretched Cremone 1 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 Sic tua examina fugianl Cyrneas taxos, sic ft 
 
 Thus may your swarms escape Cyrnean yew trees, thus "" 
 
 vaccae pastas cytiso, distentent ubera. Incipe, 
 
 may your heifers fed upon cytisus, swell out their udders. Begin, 
 
 si habes quid Et Pierides fecere me poetam : 
 
 it you have anything. Likewise the Muses have made me a poet,
 
 H 
 et sunt mini carmina : pnslorcs guoque clicuut me vatem : 
 
 and there are to me verses: the shepherds also cull me a poel . 
 
 sed ego nou credulus illis : nam adhuc videor dicere 
 
 but I do not confide 11 -.hem for as yet I seem losing 
 
 digna neque Varo, ncc Cinn;\, sed velut anser, 
 
 things worthy neither of Varus, nor of China, but as a goone, 
 
 strepere inter argutos olores. 
 
 to hiss among the tuneful swans. 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Quidem ago id, et Lycida, ipse tacitus voluto niecurn, 
 
 Indeed I do that, and, O Lycirlas, do you in silence revolve it with me. 
 
 si valeam meminisse : neque est ignobile carmen. 
 
 if I can remember it : nor . is it a degraded song. 
 
 Ades hue, 6 Galitea : quisnam Indus est undis ? 
 
 Come here, O Galitea. what sport is there among the waves? 
 
 hie purpureum ver; hie humus fundit varios flores 
 
 here is blooming spring; here the earth pours forth various flowers 
 
 circum flumina; hie Candida populus imminet antro 
 
 around the rivers; here the white poplar hangs over the cave 
 
 et lentac vites tcxunt umbracula. Ades hue: sine 
 
 and the slender vines interweave shades. Come here. suflbr 
 
 insani fluctus feriint litora. 
 
 the mad waves that they strike the shore. 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 Quid qutc audieram te solum canentem sub 
 
 What is this which I had heard you alone singing bcncn.lt) 
 
 pura nocte ? inemini numeros, si tenerem verba. 
 
 tho clear night? I rciiiember the numbers, if I could retain the words 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Daphni, quid suspicis antiques ortus signoruin ? 
 
 O Daphius, why do you look upon the ancient rising of the constellations ? 
 
 Ecce astrum Dionaci Cacsaris processit ; astrum quo 
 
 IJchuld the star ofDiomean Cxsar has proceeded ; the star by which 
 
 segetes gauderent frugibus et quo uva duccret 
 
 the corn fields rejoice in tlicir fruits and by which the grape derives 
 
 colorem in apricis collibus. Daphni, insere pyros : 
 
 its colour on the sunny hills. O Daphnis, plant your pear trees 
 
 ,. nepotes carpent tua poma. yEtas fert oin- 
 
 **" your offspring shall pluck your fruit. Time bears off a 
 
 nia: animum quoque. Ego incmini me pueruin 
 
 thing?: the mind even. 1 rcmcmlicr myself when a child 
 
 saepe condere longos soles cantatido. Nune tot 
 
 often to have spent long days in singing. Now so mai:y 
 
 carmina oblita mihi; jam vox ipsa quoque 
 
 songs arc forgotten by me now the voice itself alsu
 
 39 
 
 fugit Mcerim : lupi priores videre Moerim. Sed 
 
 has escaped Mceris : the wolves first beheld Moeris. But 
 
 tamen Menalcas referet ista tibi saepe satis. 
 
 yet Menalcas will relate these things to you often enough. 
 
 LYCIDAS. 
 Duels nostros amores in longum causando. 
 
 You draw out my loves for a long time in making excuses. 
 
 Et nunc aspice omne aequor stratum silet tibi, et 
 
 And now behold all the sea spread out is still for you, and 
 
 omnes aurae ventosi murmuris ceciderunt. Adeo hinc est 
 
 all tlie airs of windy murmuring have ceased. Thus here n 
 
 nobis media via : namque sepulcrum Biar.oris incipit 
 
 for us an intermediate way : for the tomb ofBianor begins 
 
 apparere. Hie ubi agricolae stringunt densas Rft 
 
 to appear. Here where the farmers strip the thick "^ 
 
 frondes, hie, Moeri, canamus : hie depone hoedos. 
 
 leaves, here, O Mceris, let us sing: here place your kids 
 
 Tamen veniemus in urbem. Aut si veremur ne nox 
 
 Yet let us come to the city. Or if we dread lest night 
 
 colligat pluviam ante, licet eamus cantantes usque 
 
 should collect rain first, although we should go singing thus 
 
 (via minus laedet). Ut eamus cantantes, ego levabo 
 
 (the way reillbe less tedious). As we go singing, 1 will relievo 
 
 te hoc fasce. 
 
 you of this burden. 
 
 MCERIS. 
 Puer, desine plura, et agamus quod nunc instat. 
 
 O boy, cease to speak more, and let us do what now presses 
 
 Canemus carmina melius turn, cum ipse venerit. 
 
 us. We shall sing songs better then, when he has come. 
 
 ECLOGUE X. 
 
 CALLUS. 
 
 ARETHTJSA concede hunc extremum laborem mihi. 
 
 ARETIICSA. yield this last labour to me 
 
 Pauca carmina sunt dicenda meo Gallo, sed quae Lycoris 
 
 A few songs are to be sung to my Callus, but which Lycoria 
 
 ipsa legat. Quis neget carmina Gallo ? Sic nmara 
 
 beraelf may read. Who will deny verses U Callus? Thus may bitter
 
 40 
 Doris non intermisceat suam undam tibi, cum labere 
 
 Dorii not intermingle her wave with you, when you glide 
 
 subter Sicanos fluctus. Incipe ; dicamus solicitos amorea 
 
 entath the Sicilian billows. Begin; let us sing the anxious loves 
 
 Galli, dura simse capellae attondent tenera virgulta. 
 
 of Gallus, while the flat -nosed goats crop the tender shrubbery. 
 
 Non canimus surdis ; silvae respondent omnia. Qu<e 
 
 YVa sing not to the deaf; the woods respond to all. What 
 
 nemora, aut qui saltus habuere, vos puellae Naiades, 
 
 groves, or what lawns detained you, ye maiden Naiads, 
 
 , ft cum Gallus periret indigno amore ? nam neque 
 
 *" when Gallus perished by unworthy love 7 for neither did 
 
 juga Parnassi, nam neque ulla Pindi, neque 
 
 he heights of Parnassus, for neither did any heig kts of Pindus, nor 
 
 Aonia Aganippe fecere moram vobis. Etiam lauri, 
 
 of Aonian Aganippe cause delay to you. Even the laurels, 
 
 etiam myricse flevere ilium. Etiam pinifer 
 
 even the tamarisks mourned him. Also the pine bearing 
 
 Micnalus, et saxa gelidi Lycaei, fleverunt ilium 
 
 Mirnalus, and the rocks of the cold Lycaeus, mourned him 
 
 jacentem sub soli rupe. Et oves slant circum, nee 
 
 lying beneath a lonely rock. And the sheep stand around, nor 
 
 poenitet illas nostri ; nee pceniteat te pecoris, 6 divine 
 
 arc they ashamed of us; nor be thou ashamed of thy flock, O divine 
 
 poeta : et formosus Adonis pavit oves ad flumina. Et 
 
 poet and fair Adonis fed sheep by the rivers. And 
 
 upilio venit ; tardi bubulci veneve ; M enalcas uvidus 
 
 the shepherd came ; the slow herdsmen came; Menalcas moist 
 
 de hibernk glande venit. Omnes rogant, Unde est tibi 
 
 from the wintery mnst came. All ask. Whence is to you 
 
 9ft isle amor? Apollo venit: inquit, Galle, quid 
 
 this love? Apollo came: he said, O Gallus, why 
 
 insanis ? Lycoris tua cura secuta est alium que per 
 
 re you mad ? Lycoris your care has followed another both through 
 
 nives, que per horrida castra. Et Silvanus venit, 
 
 the snows, and through the dreadful camp. And Silvanus came, 
 
 agresti honore capitis, quassans florentes ferulas et 
 
 with the rustic honours of his head, shaking the flowering fennels am' 
 
 grandia lilia. Pan Deus Arcadiae venit, quern ipsi vidimus, 
 
 large lilies. Pan the God of Arcadia came, whom we have seen, 
 
 rubentem sanguineis baccis ebuli que minio. Et in- 
 
 blushing with the bloody berries of the elder, and vermilion. And ho 
 
 quit, Quis erit modus ? amor non curat 
 
 tays, What will be the limit of our grief J love does not regard 
 
 tnlia. Nee crudelis amor lacrymis, nee gramina 
 
 uch things. Neither is cruel love satisfied by tears, nor is gra 
 
 rivis, nee apes saturantur cytiso, nee capellfc 
 
 ^ by livers not are bcei satisfiiV with cytisus. nor gootr
 
 41 
 
 fironde. At ille tristis, inquit, Tamen, Arcades, eanta- 
 
 with leaves. But he mournful, says, Nevertheless, ye Arcadians, ye shall 
 
 bitis haec vestris montibus ; Arcades soli periti cantare. 
 
 sing these things on your mountains; ye Arcadians aione skilled losing. 
 
 O quarn molliter turn milii ossa quiescent si olim vestra 
 
 O how gently then will my bones rest if hereafter your 
 
 fistula dicat meos amores. Atque utinam fuissem 
 
 pipe will declare my loves. And I wish I had been 
 
 unus ex vobis, que aut custos vestri gregis, aut vinitor 
 
 one of you, and either a keeper of your flock, or a vintager 
 
 maturae uvae ! Certe, sive esset mini Phyllis sive 
 
 of the ripe grape! Truly, whether there should be tome Phyllis 01 
 
 Amyntas, seu quicunque furor {quid turn, si Amyntas, 
 
 Amyntas, or any other flame (what then, if Amyntas^ 
 
 fuscus ? et violae nigrae, et vaccinia sunt nigra), ja- 
 
 is brown 7 and violets are black, and hyacinths are black), thus 
 
 cerent mecum inter salices sub lent& , ft 
 
 would have reclined with me among the willows beneath the slender 
 
 vile ; Phyllis legeret serta mihi, Amyntas 
 
 vine; Phyllis would have gathered garlands with me, Amyntas 
 
 cantaret. Hie gelidi fontes, hie mollia prata, 
 
 would have sung. Here are cold fountains, here art soft meadows, 
 
 Lycori, hie nemus; hie consumerer tecum aevo 
 
 O Lycoris, here is a grove; here I might consume with you my life 
 
 ipso. Nunc insanus amor detinet me in armis duri 
 
 itself. Now maddening love confines me to (he arms of direful 
 
 Martis, inter media tela, atque adversos hostes. Tu, 
 
 Mars, amidst darts, and hostile foes. Thou, 
 
 procul a patrift, (nee sit mihi credere), vides tantum 
 
 /ar ofT from thy country (let me not believe it), beholdest only 
 
 Alpinas nives et frigora Rheni. Ah, dura ! sola 
 
 Alpine snow and the rigors of the Rhine. Ah, cruel maidl alone 
 
 sine me, ah, ne frigora laedant te ! ah, ne aspera 
 
 without me, ah, let not the colds injure thee ! ah, let not the rough 
 
 glacies secet teneras tibi plantas. Ibo, et modulabor 
 
 ice cut thy tender feet. I will go, and attune 
 
 carmina avenS, Siculi pastoris, quae sunt condita g~ 
 
 songs on the reed of the Sicilian shepherd, which are composed 
 
 mihi Chalcidico versu. Est certum, malle 
 
 by me Chalcidican (eltgaic) verse. It is determined, that I had rather 
 
 pad in silvis, inter spelaea ferarum, que incidere meos 
 
 lufier In the woods, among the dens of wild beasts, and carve m 
 
 imores teneris arboribus : illae crescent ; amores, 
 
 oves on the tender trees : they shall grow ; so my lovet, 
 
 erescetis. Interea lustrabo Maenala nymphis 
 
 rou shall increase. In the meantime I will range Meenalus with nymphi 
 
 mistis, aut venabor acres apros. Non 
 
 tingled in y train, or I will hunt the savage boars. Not ^j
 
 42 
 frigora vetabunt me circumdare Parthenios saltus canibus. 
 
 coUU shall furbid me to encircle Parthenian lawn* with dog* 
 
 Jam videor mihi ire per ntpes, que sonantes lueos : 
 
 Now I seem to myself to go through rocks, and cumuli ng groVc: 
 
 libet torquere Cydonia spicula Partho cornu ; 
 
 it pleases me to hurl Cydonian darts from the Parthian bow; 
 
 firt tanquam haec sint medichia nostri furoris, 
 
 as if these things may be a medicine of my maddening love, 
 
 aut ille Deus discat mitesceTe mails hominuni. 
 
 or that God can learn to become gentle by the misfortunes of men. 
 
 Jam rursus neque Hamadryades, nee carmina ipsa 
 
 Now again neither the nymphs of the groves, nor songs themselves 
 
 placent nobis ; rursus silvae ipsae concedite. 
 
 please us; again yj woods yourselves give place to my despair. 
 
 Nostri labores non possunt mutare ilium ; nee si que 
 
 Our labours cannot change him; not if evcit 
 
 bibamus Hebrum mediis frigoribus, que subeamus 
 
 we should drink the Hebrus in the midst of colds, and undergo 
 
 Sithonias nivea aquosae hiemis ; nee si, cum moriena 
 
 the Si'honian snows of the stormy winter; nor if, when the dying 
 
 liber aret in aM ulmo, versemus oves ^Ethio- 
 
 bark dries up on the lofty elm, we should tend the sheep of the Ethio- 
 
 pum sub sidere cancri. Amor vincit omnia: 
 
 pians beneath the constellation of the crab. Love conquers all things: 
 
 et nos cedamus amori. Divae Pierides, erit sat 
 
 and let us yield to. love. Ye divine Muses, it shall be enough 
 
 _ ft vestrum poetam cecinisse hrec dum sedet et 
 
 for your poet to have sung these songs while he sits and 
 
 texit fiscellam gracili hibisco : vos facietis hrec 
 
 interweaves a basket with the slender bulrush : you shall make these 
 
 maxima Gallo ; Gallo, cujus amor crescit mihi tantum 
 
 very important to Callus; to Callus, whose love increases to me as much 
 
 in horas, quantum viridis alnus subjicit se no.vo 
 
 in an hour, as the green alder raises itself in the early 
 
 vere. Surgamus : umbra solet esse gravis cantantibus : 
 
 spring. Let us rise: the shade is wont to be oppressive to singers: 
 
 umbra juniperi gravis : umbra; nocent et frugibus. 
 
 the shade of the juniper is oppressive: shades injure also the fruits. 
 
 Capellae, saturae, ite domum ; ite, Hesperus venit. 
 
 Ye goats, well fed, go home; go, the evening star approaches.
 
 THE GEORGICS 
 
 OF 
 
 PUBLIUS VIRGILIUS MARO. 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 QUID faciat laetas segetes : quo sidere convenia 
 
 WHAT can make joyful corn-fields : by what constellation it may be proper 
 
 vertere terram, 6 Maecenas, que adjungere vites ulmis , 
 
 to turn up the earth, O Mzcenas, and to join the vines to the elms; 
 
 quae cura bourn, qui cultus sit habendo pecori, 
 
 what is the care of oxen, what nursing shall be for preserving the flock, 
 
 atque quanta experientia parcis apibus ; hinc incipiam 
 
 and bow great experience for the frugal bees; hcrice I will begin 
 
 canere. Vos 6 clarissima luraina mundi ; quae . ~ 
 
 losing. Ye brightest lights of the world; that 
 
 ducitis annum, labentem coelo. Liber et alma Ceres, 
 
 lead out the year, gliding through the sky. Bacchus and cheering Ceres, 
 
 ei vestro munere tellus mutavit Chaoniam glaudem pingui 
 
 if by your favour the earth has changed Chaoniam mast for the rich 
 
 arista, que miscuit Acheloia pocula uvis inventis : 
 
 ears of corn, and intermingled Achelous cups with grapes discovered : 
 
 et vos, Fauni, praesentia numina agrestium ; que Fauni 
 
 and you, ye Fauns, ye present deities of rustics; both ye Fauna 
 
 que puellae Dryades simul ferte pedem. Cano 
 
 and ye maiden Dryads at the same time advance your foot. I bing 
 
 vestra munera; que tu, 6 Neptune, cui prima tellus, 
 
 your offerings; and thou, O Neptune, to whom first I he earth. 
 
 percussa magno tridenti, fudit frementem equum ; 
 
 struck with your great trident, sent forth the neighing horse; 
 
 et cultor nemorum, cui ter centum nivei 
 
 and thou inhabitant of the grovea (jlriitanui), for whom three hundred snowy 
 
 juvenci toridont pinguia dumeta Ceae ; ipse Pan, custos 
 
 bullocks crop the rich shrubbery of Caere; thou, Pan, keepei 
 
 ovium, linquens patrium nemns, que saltus Lycaei, si tua 
 
 of sheep, leaving yovr native grove, and luwns of Lyceus, if your
 
 44 
 
 Maenala tibi curae, Tegeaee, aclsis favens, que Miner 
 
 Manalus is your care, OTegean Pan, be present favouring, and Miner- 
 
 va inventrix oleae, que puer monstrator unci 
 
 va invent rosg of the olive, and tltou boy discoverer of the crooked 
 
 a* aratri, et Silvane, ferens teneram cupressum ab 
 
 plough, and Bilvanus, bearing a tender cypress from 
 
 radice, que omnes Di que Deae, quibus studium 
 
 the foot, and all ye Gods and Goddesses, whose study i' it 
 
 tueri arva, omnes, que qui alitis novas fruges de nullo 
 
 to guard the fields, all, both who cherish new fruits from no 
 
 semine ; que qui demittitis satis largum 
 
 seed toier. ; and who send down on the corn- fields a copious 
 
 imbrem coelo, que adeo tu, Caesar, quern est incer- 
 
 thower from heaven, and thus thou, Ctesar, whom it is doubt- 
 
 turn quae concilia Deorum sint habitura mox, velisne 
 
 ful what councils of the Gods are about to be held soon, whether 
 
 invisere urbes, que curam terrarum : et maximus 
 
 you will visit the cities, and the care of the earth; and the most 
 
 orbis accipiat te auctorem frugum, que poten- 
 
 extended globe shall receive thee the author of fruits, and power- 
 
 tern tempestatum, cingens tempora maternfi. myrto ; 
 
 ful in tempests, binding your temples with your maternal myrtle, 
 
 an venias Deus immensi maris, ac 
 
 whether you shall come the God of the wide-spread sea, and 
 
 nautte colant tua numina sola ; ultima Thule serviat 
 
 the sailors worship thy divinity alone; most remote Thule shall preserve 
 
 q ft tibi, que Tethys eniat te generum 
 
 **" thee, and Tethys shall purchase thee for a son-in-law 
 
 sibi omnibus undis ; anne addas te novum 
 
 for herself with all her waves; whether thou wilt add thyself anew 
 
 sidus tardis mensibus, qua locus panditur inter 
 
 constellation to the slow months, where a place lies open between 
 
 Erigonen que Ehelas sequentes jam ardens 
 
 Erigone and the claws (of tht teorpim) pursuing now the burning 
 
 Scorpius ipse contrahit brachia tibi, et relinquit plus 
 
 Scorpion himself draws in his arms for you, and leaves more 
 
 justa, parte coali. Quidquid eris (nam 
 
 than an equal part of heaven Whatever deity you will be (for 
 
 nec Tartara sperent te regem, nee tarn 
 
 neither does Tartarus expect you for its king, nor permit that so 
 
 dira cupido regnandi veniat tibi ; quamvis Graecia 
 
 dreadful a desire of reigning should come to you ; although Greece 
 
 miretur Elysios campos, nec Proserpina repetita, 
 
 admires her Elysian plains, nor does Proserpine redemanded, 
 
 curet sequi matrem) da facilem cursum, atque annue 
 
 care to follow her mother) grant an easy course, and yield 
 
 audacibus coeptis : que miseratus sgrestes 
 
 to ourdariiig undertakings- and compassionating th rustic* 
 
 40
 
 ignaros vise, mecum ingredere, et jam mine assuesce 
 
 ignorant of thy way, with me enter, and even now be accustomed 
 
 vocari votis. Novo vere, cum gelidus humor hquitur 
 
 to be invoked by vows. In the new spring, when cold moisture distils 
 
 canis montibus, et putris gleba resolvit se ze- 
 
 frum the hoary mountains, and the rotten clod unbinds itself to tho 
 
 phyro ; jam turn mihi taurus incipiat ingemere de- 
 
 wost winds; even then let my bull begin to groan under t lie 
 
 presso aratro, et vomer attritus sulco 
 
 deep-pressed plough, and let the ploughshare worn in the furrow 
 
 splendescere. Ilia seges demum respondet votis 
 
 shine. That corn-field at length answers to the wishes 
 
 avari agricolae, quae sensit bis solem ; 
 
 of the avaricious farmer, which felt twice the summer sun ; 
 
 bis frigora: immensae messes ruperunt illius 
 
 twice the cold of winter: immense harvests have burst tut 
 
 horrea. At priusqyam scindimus ignotum aequor 
 
 store-houses. But before we cut up the unknown plain 
 
 ferro, sit cura prsediscere ventos, et _~ 
 
 with the iron plough, let it be our care to foretell the winds, and 
 
 varium morem coeli, ac que patrios cultus que 
 
 the varied manner of the weather ; and both our fathers' cultivation and 
 
 habitus locorum ; et quid quaeque regio ferat, 
 
 the habits of the places; and what each region produces, 
 
 et quid quaeque recuset. Hie segetes, illic uvae 
 
 and what each one refuses. Here corn, there grapes 
 
 veniunt felicius: arborei fetus, atque gramina 
 
 increase mure happily: the forest produce, and grasses 
 
 injussa virescunt alibi. Nonne vides ut Tmolus 
 
 spontaneous flourish elsewhere. Do not you see how Tmolus 
 
 croceos odores, India niittit ebur, molles 
 
 produces saffron odours, India sends forth ivory, the effeminate 
 
 Sabaei sua thura 1 At nudi Chalybes 
 
 Sabxans their own frankincense ? But the naked Chalybes $endfortA 
 
 ferrum, que Pontus virosa castorea, Epirus palmas 
 
 steel, and Pontus strong-scented castor, Epirus the choice 
 
 Eliadum equarum. Continuo natura imposuit has leges 
 
 Elian mares. At first nature established these laws 
 
 que aeterna foedera certis locis, quo tempore 
 
 and eternal rules on certain places, at which time "" 
 
 primum Deucalion jactavit lapides in vacuum orbem, 
 
 first Deucalion threw stones into the empty globe. 
 
 unde homines, durum genus, nati. Ergo age, 
 
 whence men, a hardy race, were produced. Therefore come on, 
 
 fortes tauri invertant pingue solum terrae extemplo 
 
 et the strong bulls turnover the fertile soil of the earth immediately 
 
 a primis mensibus anni ; que pulverulenta sestas 
 
 from the first months of the year; and let the dusty summer
 
 4G 
 
 coquut jaccntes glebas inatuns solibus. At si tellus 
 
 bake the scattered clods with timely suns. But if the eartii 
 
 non fuerit fecunda, erit sat suspendere tenui sulcc 
 
 olmuld not be fertile, it will be enough to raise it up by a lighi farrow 
 
 cub Arcturum ipsum : illic ne herbae officiant Icetis 
 
 ticneatb A returns itself: there lest the grass injure thejoyoui 
 
 frugibus : hie ne exiguus humor deserat sterilem 
 
 fruits: here lest the scanty moisture desert the unproductive 
 
 7n arenam. Tu idem patiere tonsas novales cessare 
 
 ' sand. Do you also suffer the mown new fields to rest 
 
 alternis, et segnem campum durescere situ. 
 
 in alternate years, and the slothful plain to harden with rust.. 
 
 Aut ibi seres flava farra, sidere mutato, unde 
 
 Or there you shall BOW the yellow corn, the season being changed, whence 
 
 prius sustuleris laetum legumen quassante siliqua, 
 
 before you have borne away the abundant pulse with shaking pod 
 
 aut tenues fetus viciae, que fragiles calamos tristis 
 
 or the light offspring of the vetch, and the brittle stalks of the coarse 
 
 lupini, que sonantem silvam. Enim seges lini urit 
 
 lupine, and the rattling grove. For a crop of flax burns 
 
 campum, avenoe urit, papavera pcrfusa Lethaco 
 
 the plain, a crop of oats burns it, poppies tinctured with Lcthi.-.in 
 
 somno urunt. Sed tamen labor facilis alternis, 
 
 sleep burnt if. But yet your labour is easy in alternate years, 
 
 tantum ne pudeat saturare arida sola pingui fimo ; . 
 
 only be not ashamed to fill the dry foil with rich manure; 
 
 ftn neve jactare immundum cinerem per effetos 
 
 nor fail to scatter filthy ashes through the worn-out 
 
 agros. Sic quoque arva requiescunt, fetibus mutatis : 
 
 fields. Thus also the fields rest, the produce being changed: 
 
 nec interea est nulla gratia inaratoe terra. 
 
 nor in the meantime is there no favour to the uuploughcd land. 
 
 Sa?pe etiam profuit incendere steriles agros, atque 
 
 Often also it has profited to burn the barren fields, and 
 
 urere levem stipulam crepitantibus flammis ; sive inue 
 
 kindle the light straw in the .rattling flames; whether from thence 
 
 terra? concipiunt occultas vires et pinguia pabula ; sive 
 
 the lands receive secret powers and rich substance ; o r 
 
 per ignem omne vitium excoquitur illis, atque inn till 
 
 by the fire all impurity is dried up from them, and the useless 
 
 humor exsudat; seu ille calor relaxat plures vias, ei 
 
 moisture sweats off; or the heat lays open more ways, and 
 
 caeca spiramenta, qua succus veniat in novas 
 
 the dark vents, through which eap may come into the young 
 
 Qft herbas ; seu durat magis et astringit hiantes 
 
 plants; or whether it hardens more and binds the opening 
 
 venas, ne tenues pluviac, ve acrior potentia rapidi 
 
 veins, lest the light showers, or more active power of the powerful,
 
 47 
 eolis, aut penetrabile frigus boreae adurat. Adeo 
 
 cun, or the piercing cold the north wind may Jiurt it. Th:i8 
 
 multum juvat arva, qui frangit inertes glebas rastris, 
 
 Jie much assists the fields, who breaks the sluggish clods with harrows, 
 
 que trahit vimineas crates (que ne flava Ceres 
 
 and diaws the osier hurdles (and neither does yellow Ceres 
 
 nequicquam spectat ilium ab alto Olympo),et qui rursus 
 
 in vain behold him from lofty Heaven), and he who- again 
 
 perrumpittelluremquae suscitat terga, proscisso acquore, 
 
 treaks up the earth which raises the furrows, in the ploughed plain, 
 
 aratro verso in obliquum, que frequens exer- 
 
 the hariow being turned in an oblique direction, and frequently exer- 
 
 cet atque imperat arvis. Agricolse, orate huniida 
 
 ciscs and subdues the fields. Ye farmers, pray for moist 
 
 solstitla, atque serenas hiemes. Farra loetissima, , ~~ 
 
 summers, and clear winters. Corn is most joyous "" 
 
 ager laetus hiberno pulvere. Mysia jactat se 
 
 and the field is glad in the wintery dust. Mysia boasts herself 
 
 tap.tum nullo cultu, et ipsa Gargara mirantur suas messes. 
 
 so mucli with no culture, and even Gargara admires hisovvn harvests. 
 
 Quid dicam qui, semine jacto, cominus inse- 
 
 What shall I say of him who, the socd being cast, immediately pur- 
 
 quitur arva, que ruit cumulos male pinguis arense ? 
 
 flics the fields, and piles up heaps of unfruitful sand? 
 
 tleinde inducit fluvium, que sequentes rivos, satis ? 
 
 then he leads the stream, and following rivulets, to the growing corn? 
 
 et cum exustus ager asstuat, herbis, morientibus, ecce ! 
 
 find when the burnt field dries up, the herbs, dying. lo! 
 
 elicit undam supercilio clivosi tramitis : ilia cadens 
 
 leads down the water to the brow of a rough tract: it falling 
 
 per levia saxa, ciet raucum murmur, que tempera. 
 
 through the smooth rocks, excites a hoarse murmuring, and cools 
 
 amentia arva scatebris. Quid qui, ne , , 
 
 the parched fields with rills. What shall I say of Mm who, lest ''' 
 
 culmus procumbat gravidis aristis, depascit luxuriem 
 
 the stalk should fall with heavy ears of corn, feeds down the abundance 
 
 segetum in tenera herba cum primum sata acquant 
 
 of the corn fields in the tender plant when first the corn equals 
 
 sulcos, que qui deducit collectum humorem paludis 
 
 the furrows, and who draws o(F the collected moisture of the meadow 
 
 bibula arena ? praesertim si amnis abundans incertis 
 
 with the spongy sand? especially if a river abounding in the doubtful 
 
 mensibus exit, et tenet omnia late ob- 
 
 months goes forth, and covers all things far around with 
 
 ducto limo, unde cavae lacunae sudant tepido 
 
 spreading mud, whence the hollow ditches perspire with warm 
 
 humore. Nee tamen (cum labores que hominum que 
 
 moisture. Nor yet (when the labours both of men and
 
 48 
 bourn expert! sint haec vcrsando terram ;) improbus 
 
 of oxen have tried these things in cultivating the earth;) die mischievous 
 
 anscr ; que Slrymoniae grues, et inluba amaris fibris, 
 
 goose , and gtryioouian crane:*, and succory wulibmu fibre*. 
 
 120 o 'l' c ' unl niliil, aut umbra nocet. 
 
 injure nothing, or does Hie shade injure. 
 
 Pater ipse baud voluit viatii cdlendi 
 
 The Father of the Gods himself does not will that the way of cultivating 
 
 essc facilem, que primus movit agros per artem, 
 
 i/i->uld be easy, ' and firat move* the fields by art. 
 
 acueos mortalia corda curls, nee passus sua 
 
 sharpening mortal feelings by i -ties, nor does he suffer bis own 
 
 regna torpere gravi veterno. Ante Jovem, nulli 
 
 realms to become useless by heavy sloth. Before Jupiter, no 
 
 coloni subigebant arva ; nee quidcm erat fas signare, 
 
 husbandmen subdued the fields ; nor indeed was it right to mark out, 
 
 aut partiri campum limite. Quarebant in 
 
 or to divide the plain by a boundary. They sought every thing In 
 
 medium, que tellus ipsa ferebat omnia, liberals, 
 
 common, and the earth itself produced all things, more freely, 
 
 nullo poscente. Ille addidit malum virus atris serpentibus, 
 
 no one demanding. He added pernicious poison to black serpents. 
 
 que jussit lupos praedari, que pontum moveri; 
 
 *''^ and commanded the wolves to plunder, and the sea to be moved , 
 
 que decussit inella foliis, que removit ignem, et 
 
 and shook off honey from leaves, and removed fire, and 
 
 repressit vina currentia passim rivis ; ut meditando 
 
 restrained wine running 'everywhere in rivers; that by meditating 
 
 usus extunderet varias arles paulatim, et quaereret 
 
 experience might elaborate various arts by degrees, and seek for 
 
 herbam frumenti sulcis, et excuderet abstrusum ignem 
 
 the blade of corn in the furrows, and strikeout the hidden nre 
 
 venis silicis. Tune primum fluvii sensere cava- 
 
 from the veins of the flint. Then first the rivers experienced the hol- 
 las alnos ; turn navita fecit numeros et nomina stellis, 
 
 lowed alders; then the navigator gave numbers and names to the stars. 
 
 Pleiadas, Hyadas, que claram Arcton Lycaonis. Turn 
 
 the Pleiades, Uyades, and the shining Bear of Lycaon. Then 
 
 inventum captare feras laqueis, et fallere 
 
 it was found out how to catch wild beasts with snares, and to delude 
 
 visco, et circumdare magnos saltus canibus. 
 
 '*" with birdlime, and to surround the extensive lawns with dogs. 
 
 Atque alius jam verberat latum amnem fundit, 
 
 And one now beat the broad stream with a casting net 
 
 petens alta ; que alius trahit humida Una pelago. Turn 
 
 teeking the deep; and another draws the moist lines in the sea. Then 
 
 rigor ferri, atque lamina argutae serrae (nam prinu 
 
 the rigour of iron and plates of the grating saw (for the first
 
 49 
 
 scindebant fissile lignum cuneis), tuin variae 
 
 men cat the divisible wood with wedges), then various 
 
 artes venere. Cmprobus labor vincit orania, et 
 
 arts came. Severe labour overcame all things, and 
 
 egestas urgens in duris rebus. Ceres prima 
 
 poverty urgent in cur severe circumstances. Ceres first 
 
 instituit mortales vertere terram ferro ; cum jam 
 
 taught mortals to turn up the earth with steel ; when now 
 
 glandes atque arbuta sacrae silvae deficerent, et Dodona 
 
 acorns and arbutes of the sacred wood failed, Dodona 
 
 negaret victum. Et mox labor additus frumentis ; 
 
 denied food. And presently labour being added to the corn ; 
 
 ut mala rubigo esset culmos, que segnis ,- ft 
 
 that pernicious mildew should corrode the stalks, and the dull 
 
 carduus horreret in arvis. Segetes intereunt; 
 
 thistle should bristle up in the fields. The harvests die ; 
 
 aspera silva subit, que lappae que tribuli, que inter 
 
 a rough wood comes up, and burrs and brambles, and amidst 
 
 nitentia culta infelix lolium et steriles avenae 
 
 tlie shining cultivated fields the hapless darnel and barren oats 
 
 dominantur. Quod nisi insectabere terram assiduis 
 
 rule. But unless you persecute the earth with continual 
 
 rastris, et terrebis aves sonitu, et premes umbras 
 
 harrows, and frighten the birds with noise, and restrain the shadows 
 
 opaci ruris falce, que vocaveris imbrem votis ; 
 
 of the dark field with the sickle, and invoke the shower by vows ; 
 
 heu, frustra spectabis magnum acervum alterius, que 
 
 alas, in vain shall you behold the great hoard of another, and 
 
 solabere famem concussa quercu in silvis. 
 
 console your appetite by acorns from the shaken oak in the Woods 
 
 Et dicendum, quas arma sint duris agrestibus ; , flft 
 
 And it is to be sung, what tools are to the hardy rustics; "^ 
 
 sine queis messes potuere nee seri, nee surgere. 
 
 without which harvests can neither be sown, nor spring up. 
 
 Primum vomis, et grave robur inflexi aratri, 
 
 First the ploughshare, and the heavy wood of the unbending plough, 
 
 que tarda volventia plaustra Eleusinae matris, que 
 
 and slow rolling wagon of the Eleusinian. mother, Ceret, and 
 
 Iribula que traheae, et rastri iniquo pondere ; praeterea 
 
 threshing drays and drags, and harrows of unequal weight ; besides 
 
 virgea que vilis supellex Celei, arbuteae crates, et 
 
 the osier and common furniture of Celeus, arbute hurdles, and 
 
 rnystica vannus lacchi ; omnia quae provisa multo 
 
 the mystical fan of Bacchus; all which things provided long 
 
 ante memor repones, si digna gloria divini 
 
 before mindful do you lay by, if the worthy honour of the divine 
 
 ruris manet te. Continue in silvis flexa ulmus 
 
 country awaits tbce. Forthwith wi the woods the flexile lm
 
 50 
 
 dqmalur magnS, vi in burim, et aCcipit formarn 
 
 IB forced ' with great strength into a plough handle, and receives the sh.ipt 
 
 170 curvi aratri. Huic temo, prolentus a 
 
 of the crooked plough. To this a pole, extended from 
 
 stirpe in octo pedes, binse aures, dentalia duplici 
 
 the Block to eight feet, two earth hoard*, emitters with a double 
 
 dorso aplantur. Et ante levis tilia caeditur jugo, 
 
 back are fitted. And first the slender lime tree is cut down for the yoke, 
 
 que alta fagus, que stiva, qua? torqueat imos currus 
 
 and the high beech, and the ploughtail, which may turn the low caniage 
 
 a tergo ; et fumus explorat robora suspensa focis. 
 
 from behind; and smoke seasons the wood hung over fires. 
 
 Possum referre tibi multa praecepta veterum, ni refugis, 
 
 I can describe to you many commands of the ancients, unless jou reject 
 
 que piget cognoscere tenues curas. Cum 
 
 them, and it grieves you to know these light concerns. When 
 
 primis area sequanda ingenti cylindro, et ver- 
 
 t he first floor is to be levelled with a great roller, and lobe 
 
 tenda manu, et solidanda tenaci creta, ne 
 
 exercised by the band, and to be rendered firm by adhesive chalk, lest 
 
 1Rrt herbae subeant, neu victa pulvere fatiscat. 
 
 '"^ the grass should come up, nor overcome by dust it should crack. 
 
 Turn variae pestes illudunt; saepe exiguus mus 
 
 Then various plagues delude cur hopes; often the little nuuse 
 
 que possuit domos sub terris, atque fecit horren ; 
 
 Doth has placed kia nest beneath the earth, and made Ais store-houses; 
 
 aut talpae, capti oculis, fodere cubilia ; que bufo 
 
 or moles, deprived of their eyes, bad dug their beds; and the toad 
 
 inventus cavis, et plurima monstra, quae terrae ferunt ; 
 
 discovered in hollows, and many monsters, which the earth produces ; 
 
 que curculio atque formica, metuens inopi senectae, 
 
 and the weevil and the ant, dreading helpless old age, 
 
 populat ingentem acervum farris. Item contemplator, 
 
 lays waste a great board of corn. Also take notice, 
 
 cum silvis, plurima nux induet se 
 
 when in the woods, the full bearing niu tree (the almond) shall clothe itself 
 
 in florem, et curvabit olentes ramos : si fetus 
 
 in its flower, and shall bend its scented branches. if the fruit 
 
 superant, pariter frumenta sequentur, 
 
 in quantity shall exceed the leaves, in like manner corn shall follow, 
 
 que magna tritura veniet cum magno calore. At si 
 
 and a great threshing shall succeed with great heat. But if 
 
 ,q umbra exuberat luxuria foliorum, nequicquam 
 
 "*' the shade abounds by a profusion of leaves, ILI vtin 
 
 area teret culmos pingues palea. Vidi 
 
 the threshing floor shall bruise the stalks rich in chuff only. I have seen 
 
 equidem rnultos serentes medicare semina, et prius per* 
 
 Indeed many sowing to medicate the seed, and first to
 
 51 
 
 fundere nitro et nigra amurci, ut fetus esee. 
 
 wash then with nitre and black lees of oil, that the fruit maybe 
 
 grandior fallacibus siliquis ; et, quamvis properata exiguo 
 
 larger in the delusive pods; and, although hastened by a little 
 
 igni maderent, vidi diu lecta, et 
 
 fire they might become moist, I have seei* them for a long time selected, and 
 
 spectata multo labore, degenerare tarn en, nisi hu- 
 
 culled out with much labour, to degenerate nevertheless, unless hu- 
 
 mana vis quotannis legeret quaeque maxima manu. 
 
 man power yearly had chosen whichever were largest by the band. 
 
 Sic omnia mere fatis in pejus, ac sub- 
 Thud all things rush by the fates to a worse condition, and falling 
 
 lapsa retro referri ; non aliter quam qui vix 2ftn 
 
 away backward are borne ; not otherwise than he who hardly *'" 
 
 subigit lembum remigiis adverse flumine, si forte 
 
 guides his boat by oars on the opposing stream, if by chance 
 
 remisit brachia, atque alveus rapit ilium praeceps in 
 
 be relaxed his arms, and the stream bears him headlong on 
 
 prono amni. Praeterea tarn sidera Arcturi, que dies 
 
 the declining river. Besides as the stars of Arcturus, and the days 
 
 hcedorum sunt servandi nobis, et lucidus anguis, 
 
 of the kids are to be observed by us, and' the shining snake, 
 
 quam quibus, vectis per ventosa aequora, in 
 
 as by those who, being borne through the stormy seas, towards 
 
 patriam, pontus et fauces ostriferi Abydi tentantur. 
 
 their country, the sea and straits of oyster bearing Abydos are attempted. 
 
 Ubi Libra fecerit horas diei que 
 
 When the constellation of the Scales has rendered the hours of the day and 
 
 somni pares, et jam dividit medium orbem luci atque 
 
 of sleep equal, and now has divided the midst of the globe by light and 
 
 umbris ; viri, exercete tauros, serite hordea cam- 21fl 
 
 shades; O men, exercise your bulls, sow barley in the *>" 
 
 pis, usque sub extremum imbrem intractabilis brumae 
 
 fields, even to near the last shower of the unmanageable winter. 
 
 Necnon tempus tegere et segetem lini et Cereale 
 
 Likewise it is the time to hide both a crop of flax and Ceres' 
 
 papaver humo, et jamdudum incumbere rastris dum 
 
 poppy in the ground, and at length to press on with harrows while 
 
 licet sicca tellure, dum nubila pendent. Satio 
 
 it is allowed in the dry ground, white the clouds hangover. The sowing 
 
 fabis vere : turn putreS sulci accipiunt te quoque, 
 
 jbr beans is in the spring : then the rotten furrcr.vs receive you also, 
 
 Medica ; et annua cura venit milio, cum candidus 
 
 J Medic plant ; and the yearly care comes to the millet, when the shining 
 
 Taurus aperit annum auratis cornibus, et Canis ceoens 
 
 Bull opens the year wiili gilded horns, and the Dog retreating 
 
 averso astro occidit. At si excercebis humum 
 
 Cro.n the retiring star sets. But if you cultivato the ground
 
 52 
 
 m triticeam messem que robusta farra, que instabia 
 
 fat the wheatrn harvest and the strong corn, and you strive 
 
 o:>o aristis solis. Eo33 Atlantides, 
 
 for ears of corn alone. Let the morning daughters of Atla 
 
 abscondantur tibi, que Gnosia stella ardentis 
 
 (the Pleiades,) be concealed to you, and the Gnosian star of the burni.ng 
 
 coronae, decedat ante quam commiltas debita 
 
 crown (of Ariadne), withdraw before that you shall intrust the destined 
 
 semina sulcis, que quam properes credere spem anni 
 
 seeds to the furrows, and that you hasten to yield the hope of the year 
 
 invitee terrae. Multi coepere ante occasum Maiae, sed 
 
 to the unwilling earth. Many have begun before the setting of Maioe, but 
 
 exspcctata seges ^elusit illos vanis aristis. Vero si 
 
 the expected crop deluded them with empty cars. But if 
 
 seres que viciam que vilem faselum, nee asperna- 
 
 you should sow both the vetch and the mean kidney bean, nor do you 
 
 bere curarn Pelusiacoe lends, cadens Bootes . mittet 
 
 despise the care of the Egyptian lentil, letting Bootes will furnish 
 
 signa baud obscura tibi. Incipe, et extende sementem ad 
 
 signs not obscure to you. Begin, and prolong the sowing to 
 
 medias pruinas. Idcirco aureus sol regit 
 
 the midst of the hoarfrosts. Therefore the golden sun governs 
 
 orbem dimensum certis mensibus, per duodena 
 
 the globe measured by certain months, through the twelve 
 
 astra mundi. Quinque 201133 tenent coelum ; quarum 
 
 constellations of the world. Five zones possess the sky; of which 
 
 una semper rubens corusco sole, et semper torrida ab 
 
 one ever blushing with the glittering sun, and ever burning from 
 
 igni ; circum quam extremae trahuntur dextrft. que 
 
 the fire; around which the extremities are drawn on. the right and 
 
 laeva, concrete cserulea glacie, atque atris imbribus. 
 
 on the left, hardened by the azure ice, and by black storms 
 
 Inter has que medium, duse concessae aegris mortalibus 
 
 Among these and in the midst, two granted to sickly mortals 
 
 munere Divum ; et via secta per ambas, qua 
 
 by the favour of the Gods; and a way cut through both, where 
 
 obliquus ordo signorum verteret se. TJt mundus 
 
 the winding order of the constellations might turn itself. As the world 
 
 2 , consurgit arduus ad Scythiam que Riphaeas arces ; 
 
 rises high to Scythia and the Riphenn towers 
 
 premitur devexus in austros Libya;. Hie vertex 
 
 it sinks bending towards the south winds ofLybia. Here the pole is 
 
 nobis semper sublimis ; at atra Styx videt, que profundi 
 
 to .us forever high raised; but black Styx sees it, and the deep 
 
 manes ilium sub pedibus. Hie maximum anguis 
 
 ehades bthold it beneath their feet. Here the great snake 
 
 elabitur circum sinuoso flexn, que in morem fluminis, 
 
 glides around by a winding bend, and in the manner ofaiiver.
 
 53 
 
 per duas Arctos ; Arctos, metuenles tingi aequore 
 
 through the two Dears ; the Bears, fearing to be dipped in the water 
 
 oceani. Illic, ut perhibent, aut interapesta nox semper 
 
 of tie ocean. There, as they say, either the stormy night evet 
 
 silet, et tenebrae densantur nocte obtenta ; aut 
 
 is silent, 'and darkness thickens around in the night prolonged; or 
 
 aurora redit a nobis, que reducit diem : que ubi 
 
 the morning returns from us, and brings back the day: and when 
 
 primus oriens afflavit nos anhelis equis, 
 
 the first rising sun breathes upon us with panting horses, 
 
 illic rubens vesper accendit sera lumina. Hinc 
 
 there the blushing evening star kindles its late lights. Hence 
 
 possumus preediscere tempestaics dubio ctelo, hinc 
 we can foretell the storms in the doubtful sky, hence 
 
 que diem messis, que tempus serendi, et quando conveniat 
 
 both the day of harvest, and the time of sowing, and when it is proper 
 
 i Tipellere infidum in arm or remis ; quando deducerc 
 
 to drive through the faithless tea with oars; when to draw out 
 
 armatas classes, aut evertere tempestivam pinum silvis. 
 
 the armed ships, or to overthrow the seasonable pine in the woods. 
 
 Nec frustra speculamur obitus et ortus signorum, 
 
 Nor in vain. do we watch the settings and risings of the constellations, 
 
 que annum parem quatuor diversis temporibus. Si 
 
 and the year equal by four different seasons. II 
 
 quando frigidus imber continet agricolam, 
 
 at any time the cold shower shall confine the farmer to hig house, 
 
 datur maturare quse inox forent properanda 9fin 
 
 it is allowed to accomplish what soon will be to be hastened 
 
 coelo sereno. Arator procudit durum dentem obtusi 
 
 when the sky is clear. The ploughman sharpens the bard point of the blunted 
 
 vomeris, cavat lintres arbore ; impressit aut 
 
 ploughshare, hollows out boats from the tree; imprints either 
 
 signum peoori, aut numeros acervos. Alii exacuunt 
 
 a mark on the flock, or the numbers on the heaps of corn. Others sharpen 
 
 vallos, que bicomes furcas, atque parant Amerina 
 
 the stakes, and two horned forks, and prepare Amerine willow 
 
 retin'acula lentae viti. Nunc facilis fiscina texatur 
 
 bands for the slender vine. Now let the flexile basket be woven 
 
 rubea. virga, : nunc torrete fruges igni, mine 
 
 from the bramble twig : now roast your grain by the fire, now 
 
 frangite saxo. Quippe etiam fas et jura 
 
 grind it with the miWstone. For even right and the laws 
 
 sinunt exercere quaedam festis diebus. Nulla religio 
 
 permit to execute certain labours on holy days. No religion 
 
 vetuit deducere rivos, proetendere sepem segeti, 97ft 
 
 has forb'd to Iraw off streams, to extend a hedge to the corn, ^' v 
 
 moliri insidias avibus, incendere vepres, que mersare 
 
 to contrive snares for birds. to burn briars, and to plunge
 
 54 
 gregem balantum salubri fluvio. Saepe agitator 
 
 a flock of bleating sheep in the healthful river. Often the driver 
 
 tardi aselli onerat costas oleo, aut vilibus pomis ; que 
 
 of the lazy ass loads his ribs with oil, or cheap apples; and 
 
 revertens reportat incusum lapidem, aut massam 
 
 returning OOM brings back the indented mill stone, or amass 
 
 atrae picis, urbe. Luna ipsa dedit alios dies Felices 
 
 of black pitch, front the city. The moon herself has given other day* happy 
 
 operum, alio ordine. Fuge quintam pallidus 
 
 for labours, by another order. Fly the fifth upon thii p.ilb 
 
 Orcus; que Eumenides satae. Turn nefando partu 
 
 Cluto, and the Furies were born Then by a dreadful birth 
 
 terra creat que Coeum que lapetum que saevum 
 
 the earth produced both Cceus and lapetui and cruel 
 
 Typhoea, et fratres conjuratos rescindere coelum. 
 
 Typhoeus, and the brothers having conspired to tear down heaven. 
 
 2ftft Scilicet ter conati sunt imponere Ossam Pelio, 
 
 For thrice did they attempt to place Ossa on Pelion, 
 
 atque involvere frondosum Olympum Ossae t ter pater 
 
 and to roll leafy Olympus on Ossa: thrice father 
 
 disjecit exstructos monies fulmine. Septima 
 
 Jupiter threw down upraised mountains with his thunder. The seventh 
 
 post decimam felix, et ponere vitem, et domitare 
 
 after the tenth is fortunate, both to plant the vine, and to tame 
 
 prensos boves, et addere licia telae ; nona melior 
 
 the restrained oxen, and to add the woof to the web; the ninth is better 
 
 fugae, contraria furtis. Adeo multa djedere se 
 
 for flight, opposed to theft. Thus many things have rendered themselves 
 
 melius gelida nocte; aut cum Ecus irrorat terras 
 
 better in the cold uight ; or when the East sprinkles the earth 
 
 novo sole. Nocte leves stipulae melius, nocte 
 
 by the early sun. By night the light stubble is better, by night 
 
 arida prata tondentur : lentus humor non deficit noctes. 
 
 the dry meadows are mown : the gentle moisture does not fail in the night. 
 
 2 q ft Et quidam pervigilat ad seros ignes hiberni 
 
 **'" And someone watches by the late fires of the winter 
 
 luminis, que inspicat' faces acuto ferro. Interea, 
 
 light, and points matches with a sharp knife. In the meantime, 
 
 conjux, solata Ion gum laborem, cantu 
 
 the wife, consoled in her long-continued toil, with the song of her hut- 
 
 percurrit telas arguto pectine ; aut deco- 
 
 t*,nd, runs over tbe webs with the shrill sounding shuttle ; or boilt 
 
 quit humorem dulcis musti vulcano, et despumat undam 
 
 down the liquor of sweet must by the fire, and skims the wave 
 
 ttepidi aheni foliis. At rubicunda ceres succiditur 
 
 of the trembling caldron with leaves. But the blushing corn is cut uy 
 
 onedio aestu ; et area terit tostas fruges medic 
 
 in the midday heat; and the floor wears out the parched grain by mid-
 
 55 
 
 aestu. Kudus ara, nudus sere: hieins ignava 
 
 fay heat. Naked plough, naked sow : winter is a slothful 
 
 colono. Agricolie plerumque fruuntur 
 
 for the planter. Farmers for the most part enjoy what tAe# Lavt 
 
 parto frigoribus, que laeti curant mutua nft 
 
 gained in the colds of winter, and joyful they provide mutual " 
 
 convivia inter se ; geniulis hiems invitat 
 
 feasts among themselves; the festive winter invites them to -yleasiire 
 
 que resolvit curas. Ceu cum jam pressae carinae 
 
 and relieves their cares. As when now the strained ships 
 
 tetigere portiim, et laeti nautae imposuere coronas 
 
 have touched the harbour, and the glad sailors have placed their garlands 
 
 puppibus. Scd tamen tune tempus stringere et 
 
 on the sterns. But nevertheless then it is time to strip both 
 
 q .ernas glandes, et baccas lauri, que oleam, que 
 
 the oaken mast, and the berries of laurel, and olive, and 
 
 cruenta myrta : time ponere pedicas gruibus, et 
 
 bloody myrtle berries: then to place loot traps for cranes, and 
 
 retia cervis, que sequi . auritos lepores ; turn figere 
 
 nets for stags, and to follow the long eared bares; then to pierce 
 
 damas, torquentem stupea verbera Balearis fundae, 
 
 the docs, hurling hempen cords of the Balearian sling. 
 
 cum alta nix jacet, -cum flumina trudunt 
 
 when the deep snow lies on the ground, when the rivers push aldng 
 
 glaciem. Quid dicam tempestates et sidera .,. 
 
 the ice. What shall I say of tha tempests and constellations *" 
 
 autumni ? atque quae vigilanda viris, ubi jam 
 
 of autumn? and what things, are to be avoided by mun, when now 
 
 que dies brevior et aeslas mollior ? vel cum 
 
 both the day is shorter and the summer is. milder? or when 
 
 imbriferum ver ruit ; cum spicea messis jam 
 
 the shower-bearing spring pours down; when the spiky harvest now 
 
 inhorruit campis, et cum lactentia frumenta turgent 
 
 bristles up in the plains, and when the milky fruits swell 
 
 in viridi stipula. Saepe ego, cum agricola induceret 
 
 on the green stalk. Often I, when the farmer has led 
 
 messorem flavis arvis, et Jain stringeret hordea 
 
 the reaper Into the yellow fields, and now has bound up the barley 
 
 fragili culmo, vidi omma proalia ventorum con- 
 
 with brittle straw, have seen all .the conflicts of the winds com- 
 
 currere, quae late eruerent gravidam segetem, ah 
 
 bine, which far around up-tore the heavy corn, front 
 
 imis radicibus, expulsam sublime : ita nigro tur- 
 
 thcir lowest roots, driven high: thus in the black whirl 
 
 bine hiems ferret que levem culmum, que 32( . 
 
 wind, a storm would bear both the light straw, and 
 
 volantes stipulas. Sacpe etiam immensum agmen aquarum 
 
 the flying stubble. Often also a great mass ofwaicra
 
 56 
 venit coelo; et nubes collects ex alto glomeranl 
 
 thall conic to the sky , and the clouds collected from the deep gather 
 
 foedam tempestatem atris imbribus : arduus aether 
 
 afoul MM, in with black showers: the lofty sky 
 
 ruit et ingenti pluvia diluit Incta sata, que 
 
 pours forth and with much rain washes the joyful cornfields, and 
 
 labores bourn ; fossae implentur, et cava flumina 
 
 the labours of the oxen , the ditches are filled, and the deep streams 
 
 crescunt cum sonitu, que aequor fervet spirantibus 
 
 increase with a great sound, and the sea boils with foaming 
 
 fretis. Pater ipse raolitur fulmina corusca dex- 
 
 hoals. Father Jupiter himself handles thunderbolts brandished with hit 
 
 tra in media nocte nimborum ; quo motu 
 
 right hand in the midst of a night of storms; by which commotion 
 
 maxima terra tremit; ferae fugere, et humilis 
 
 the great earth trembles; the wild beasts have fled, and humbling 
 
 pavor stravit mortalia corda per gentes. Ille 
 
 5<>U f ear nas p ros trat'cd mortal hearts through the nations. He 
 
 dejicit aut Atho, aut Rhodopen, aut alta Ceraunia, 
 
 hurls down either mount Athos, or Rhodope, or high Ceraunia, 
 
 flagrant! telo : austri et densissimus imber in- 
 
 witb his flaming dart: the south winds also the thickening shower re- 
 
 geminant; nunc nemora, nunc litora plangunt ingenti 
 
 double: now the groves, now the shores resound with a great 
 
 vento. Metuens hoc, serva menses et sidera cojli ; 
 
 wind. Fearing this, observe the months and constellations of the sky ; 
 
 quo frigida Stella Saturni receptet sese : in quos 
 
 where the cold star of Saturn withdraws itself; to what 
 
 orbes coeli Cyllenius ignis erret. In primis 
 
 orbs of heaven Mercury's fire wanders Among your first 
 
 venerare Deos ; atque refer annua sacra magnae 
 
 duties reverence the Gods ; and bear annual sacrifices to great 
 
 Cereri ; operatus in laetis herbis, sub casum extremae 
 
 Ceres; offering on the joyful grass, about the end of extreme 
 
 hiemis, jam sereno vere. Tune agni pin- 
 
 340 \vinter, now in the serene spring. Then the fields are 
 
 gues et tune vina mollissima : turic somni dulces, que 
 
 rich and then the wine is most mellow: then slumbers are sweet, and 
 
 umbrae densae in montibus. Cuncta agrestis pubes 
 
 the shadows are thick on the mountains. All the rustic .youth 
 
 tibi adoret Cererem, cui tu dilue favos lacte, 
 
 for you shall adore Ceres, for whom you bathe the honey-comb with milk. 
 
 et miti baccho ; que ter felix hostia eat circum 
 
 and mellow wine; and thrice let the joyous victim go around 
 
 novas fruges ; quam omnis chorus, et ovam.es socii co- 
 
 the new grain; whom all the band, and shouting companions ac 
 
 Vnitentnr, et vocent Cererem claraore in tecta; que 
 
 company, and invoke Cere* with a shout to their houses aim
 
 57 
 
 ne quisquam supponat falcem matnris arislis, ante 
 
 let riot any one apply his sickle to the ripe corn, before 
 
 quam redimitus tempora torta quercu, 
 
 that bound as to hi* temples with a wreathed oak, 
 
 del incomposilos motus et dicat carmina q - n 
 
 let him give unstudied motions and sing songs " 
 
 Cereri. Atque ut possimus discere haec certis 
 
 to* Ceres. And that we may learn these things by certain 
 
 signis, que> aestgs que pluvias <jt ventos agentes frigora ; 
 
 signs, bottt heats and rains and the winds driving on the cold; 
 
 pater ipse statuit quid menstrua luna 
 
 father Jupiter himself has determined what the monthly moon 
 
 moneret ; quo signo austri caderent, quid agricolae 
 
 ehould foretell ; by what sign the south winds shall fall, what the farmers 
 
 videntes sae.pe tenerent armenta propius stabulis. Con- 
 seeing often shall keep their herds near to the stables. Im- 
 
 tinuO; ventis surgentibus, aut freta ponti agitata inci- 
 
 mediately the winds arising, or the shallows'cf the sea agitated be- 
 
 piunt tumescere ; et aridus fragor audiri altis 
 
 gin to swell ; and a dry rustlin; noise to be beard in the high 
 
 montibus ; aut litora resonantia longe misceri, et 
 
 mountains ; or the shores resounding afar off to be disturbed, and 
 
 murmur nemorum in^rebrescere. Jam turn unda male 
 
 the murmuring of the groves to increase. Now then the wave hardly 
 
 temperat sibi a curvis carinis, cum celeres 
 
 restrains itself from the crooked ships, when the swift *OU 
 
 mergi revolant ex medio aequore, que ferunt clamorem 
 
 cormorants fly back from the midst of the sea, and bear their cry 
 
 ad litora, que cum marinae fulicae ludunt in sicco; *que 
 
 to the shores, and when the sea coots sport on the dry land , and 
 
 ardea deserit notas paludes, atque volat supra altam 
 
 the heron deserts the known marshes, and flies above the high 
 
 nubern. Saepe etiam, vento impendente, videbis Stellas 
 
 cloud. Often also, the wind threatening, you shall see the stars 
 
 labi praecipites coelo ; que longos tractus flammarum 
 
 glide swift through the sky : and the long traces cf flames 
 
 albescere a tergo per umbram noctis ; saepe levem 
 
 to whiten up from behind through the shade of night; often the light 
 
 paleam et caducas frondes volitare ; aut plumas nantes 
 
 straw and falling leaves fly about, or feathers swimming 
 
 in summft, aqua, colludere. At cum fulminat de 
 
 on the top of the water to sport together. But when thunders from 
 
 parte trucis Boreas, et cum domus que Euri 70 
 
 n'part of the stern north, and when the house both ofthe east wind **' u 
 
 que Zephyri 'tonal, omnia rura nalant plenis fosais, 
 
 and the west wind thunders, all the fields ewim with full ditches, 
 
 atque omnis navita legit humicla vela ponto. Imbef 
 
 oud every seaman gathers up bis moist sails on, the sen Tht shower
 
 58 
 nnnquam obfuit imprudentibus : aut a-riir grues fugere 
 
 never injures the unadvised- either the airy cranes have escaped 
 
 ilium surgentem imis vallibus ; aut bucula, suspicions 
 
 it rising in tba lowest vales; or the heifer, gazing 
 
 coelum, captavit auras patulis naribus ; aut 
 
 on the sky has caught the air in her wide spread nostrils; or 
 
 arguta hirundo volitavit circura lacus, et ranro 
 
 the shrill sounding swallow has flown around the lakes, and the frogs 
 
 cecinere veterem querelam in limo. Et saepius 
 
 have sung forth their old complaint in the mud! And often 
 
 formica, terens angustum iter, extulit ova tectis 
 
 the ant, wearing a narrow path, has borne her eggs from her covered 
 
 penetralibus ; et ingens arcus bibit ; et exercitus 
 
 retreats; and the great bow has drunk; and an army 
 
 corvorum, decedens e pastu magno agmine, incre- 
 
 of crows, departing from the pasture in a great band, sounded 
 
 puit densis alis. Jam videas varias volucres 
 
 with close pressed wings. Now you may see the various birds 
 
 pelagi, et quae rimantur circum Asia prata in 
 
 of the sea, and those which search around the Asian meadows in 
 
 dulcibus stagnis Caystri, certatim infundere largos rores 
 
 the pleasant pools ofCayster, eagerly pour copious dews 
 
 humeris ; nunc objectare caput fretis, nunc currere 
 
 on their shoulders; now plunge their heads in the waters, now run 
 
 in undas, etgestire studio lavandi incassum. Turn 
 
 among the waves, and sport in the delight, of washing in vain. Then 
 
 improba cornix vocat pluviam plena, voce, et sola 
 
 the ill-boding crow invokes the rain with full voice, and alone 
 
 spaliatur secum in sicca arena. Nee quidem 
 
 stalks along by herself upon the dry sand. Nor indeed 
 
 OQA puellae, carpentoe nocturna pensa, nescivere 
 
 caw W ere the maids, carding their nightly tasks, .ignorant 
 
 hiemem ; cum viderent oleum scintillare ardente testa, 
 
 of the storm; when they saw the oil to sparkle in the burning lamp, 
 
 et putres fungos concrescere. Nee minus, ex imbri 
 
 and the rotten clots harden. Nevertheless, from the storm 
 
 poteris prospicere, et certis signis cognoscere, soles et 
 
 you may foresee, and by sure signs know, the suns and 
 
 aperta serena. Nam turn neque acies videtui 
 
 the orx>n clear skies. For then neither does the edge seem 
 
 obtusa stellis, nee luna surgere obnoxia radiia 
 
 blunted to the stara, nor the moon . to arise opposed to the rayg 
 
 fratris ; nee tenuia vellera lanae ferri per 
 
 of her brother ; nor are the light fleeces of wool (fleecy clouds) borne through 
 
 coelum. Alcyones, dilectae Thetidi, non pandunl 
 
 Die sky Halcyons, birds beloved by Thetis, do not open 
 
 pennas ad tepidum solera in litore; immundi sues 
 
 Jicir wings to the warm sun upon the shore; filthy swine
 
 non meminere jactare solutos manipulos 
 
 do not remember to scatter loose sheaves of corn **^'" 
 
 ore. At nebulae magis petunt ima que 
 
 with (heir mouths. But mists ralher seek low places and 
 
 recumbunt campo : et noctua, servans occasum solis 
 
 rest upon the plain: and the owl, observing the setting of the sun 
 
 de sumno culmine, nequicquam exercet seros cant us. 
 
 from the high roof, in vain repeats her evening songs. 
 
 Nisus apparet sublimis in liquido aere, et Scylla dat 
 
 Nisus appears high in the clear sky, and Scylla gives 
 
 poenas pro purpureo capillo. Qu&cumque ilia fugiens 
 
 punishment for the purple lock. Wherever ehe flying 
 
 secat levem aethera pennis, ecce, inimicus, atrox 
 
 cuts the light air with her wings, lo, the hostile, cruel 
 
 Nisus insequitur per auras magno stridore : qua 
 
 Nisus pursues her through the air with great noise : where 
 
 Nisus fert se ad auras, ilia, fugiens raptim, secat 
 
 Nisus raises himself to the skies, Ehe, flying swiftly, cuts 
 
 levem aethera pennis. Turn corvi ingeminant liquidas 
 
 the light air on wings. Then the ravens redouble their liquid 
 
 voces ter aut quater presso gutture; 4 - n 
 
 notes thrice or four times in their compressed throats; 41U 
 
 et saepe altis cubilibus, laeti nescio qua dulcedine 
 
 tnd often in their high nests, joyful I know not by what delight 
 
 praeter solitum, strepitant inter se foliis : 
 
 oeyond their wonted pleasure, make a great noise together in the leaves: 
 
 imbribus actis, juvat revisere parvam progeniem, 
 
 the showers having passed, it delights them to revisit tlieir little offspring, 
 
 que dulces nidos. Equidem, haud credo, quia ingenium 
 
 and pleasant nests. Indeed, I do not believe, that this capacity 
 
 sit illis divinitus, aut major 
 
 for enjoyment can be theirs from heaveti, or that there is to them a greater 
 
 prudentia rerum fato : verum ubi tempestas et 
 
 foresight of things bestowed by fate : but when the weather and 
 
 mobilis humor coeli mutavere vias, et Jupiter,. 
 
 changeful moisture of the sky have altered their courses, and the air, 
 
 humidus Austris, densat quae modo erant 
 
 damp with south winds, condenses those things which lately were 
 
 rara, et relaxat quae densa: species animorum 
 
 rare, and ratifies those which mere condensed : views of the mind 
 
 vertuntur, et pectora concipiunt nunc alios motus 42fl 
 
 are changed, and their breasts conceive now these emotions 
 
 alios, dum ventus agebat nubila. Hinc ille concentus 
 
 luno others, while the wind drove on the clouds. Hence that concert 
 
 avium in agris, et pecudes laetae, et corvi ovantes 
 
 of birds in the fields, and the flocks were joyful, and the ravens exulting 
 
 gutture. Si vero respicies ad rapidum solem, 
 
 with their throats. If indeed you will look to Uie rapid sun.
 
 60 
 
 que lunas sequentes ordine ; crastina hora nunquam 
 
 and the moons following in .succession, to-morrows hour never 
 
 fallet te, neque capiere insidiis serenae 
 
 shall delude you, nor shall you bo cheated by the snares of a clear 
 
 noctis. Cum primum luna colligit revertentes 
 
 night. When first the moon has collected the returning 
 
 ignes, si comprenderit nigrum aera obscuro cornu ; 
 
 fires, if she has embraced the murky air uiih her obscure horn ; 
 
 maximus imber parabitur agricolis que pelago. At, 
 
 a very great etorm will be prepared for the farmers and for the sea. But, 
 
 ,.j si suffuderit virgineum ruborem ore erit 
 
 if she shall diffuse a virgin blush over tier face, there will be 
 
 ventus. Aurea Phoebe semper rubet vento. Sin 
 
 wind. The golden moon always blushes in the wind. But if 
 
 pura in quarto ortu (namque is certissimus auctor), nee 
 
 spotless in the fourth rising (for this is the surest authority), nor 
 
 ibit obtusis cornibus per crelum ; et totin 
 
 she will proceed with blunted horns through the sky , and all 
 
 ille dies, et qui nascentur ab illo, ad exactum 
 
 that day, and those which proceed from it, to the completed 
 
 mensem, carebunt pluvia que ventis : nautae servati 
 
 month, shall be deprived of rain and winds- the sailors preserved 
 
 solvent vota in litore Glauco ; et Panopeae, et 
 
 shall pay their vows upon the shore toGlaucus; and Panopea, and 
 
 Inoo Melicertae. Sol quoque et exonens, 
 
 ITIO the mother of Malicerta. The sun also both rising, 
 
 et cum condet se in undas, dabit signa. Cer- 
 
 and when he hides himself in the waves, shall give signs. The 
 
 tissima signa sequuntujr solem, et quae refert 
 
 surest signs follow the sun, both those which he brings back 
 
 , .Q mane, et quae, astris surgentibus. 
 
 in the morning, and those which he ushers in, the stars arising. 
 
 Ubi ille variaverit nascentem ortum maculis, conditus 
 
 When be shall variegate bis rising beam with spots, concealed 
 
 in nubem, que refugerit medio orbe ; imbres 
 
 in a cloud, and shall escape the sight with half his orb. showers 
 
 sint suspect! tibi : liamque Notus, sinister que 
 
 maybe expected by you: for the south wind, injurious both 
 
 arboribus, que satis, que pecori, urget ab alto. Ant 
 
 to trees, and corn, and the flock, hurries from the deep. Or 
 
 ubi, sub lucem diversi radii rumpent sese inter 
 
 v, hen, about the dawn diversified rays shall force themselves amidst 
 
 densa nubila; aut ubi Aurora, linquens croceum cubile 
 
 the thick clouds; or when Aurora, leaving the saffron couch 
 
 Tithoni, surget pallida; heu, turn pampinus male 
 
 ofTithonus, shall arise pale; alas, then the vine leaf hardly 
 
 defendet mites uvas ; tarn multa horrida grando salit 
 
 bait defend the mild grapes ; so much direful hail leaps
 
 61 
 
 crcpitans in tectis. Profuerit magis meminisse hoc 
 
 rattling on the roofs. It would profit more to have remembered ibis 
 
 tiam, cum jam decedet Olympo emenso ; > 5fl 
 
 also, when now besets heaven being measured over; 
 
 nam saepe videmus varies colores errare in ipsiu* 
 
 for often we behold various colours to wander over (us 
 
 vultu. Caeruleus denuntiat pluviam : igneus Euros. 
 
 face. The azure tky menaces rain : the fiery east winds. 
 
 Sin maculae incipient immisceri rutilo igni ; 
 
 But if the spots should begin to be mingled with glittering fire, 
 
 tune videbis omnia fervere pariter vento quo 
 
 then you will see all things to rage together by the wind and 
 
 nimbis. Non quisquam moneat me ire per altura 
 
 storms. Let no one admonish me to go through the deep 
 
 ilia nocte, neque convellere funem a terra. At si 
 
 on that night, neither tear away the cable from the land. But if 
 
 orbis erit lucidus, que cum referet diem, que 
 
 his orb shall be clear, both when he shall restore the day, and 
 
 condet relatum ; frustra terrebere nimbis, 
 
 shall conceal it ushered in ; in vain shall you be frightened by clouds, 
 
 et cernes silvas moveri claro Aquilone. De- 
 
 and you shall see the woods moved by the fair north wind. Fi- 
 
 nique quid serus Vesper vehat, unde ventus agat 
 
 nnlly what the late evening shall bring, whence the wind shall drive 
 
 serenas nubes, quid humidus Auster cogitet, sol dabit 
 
 the serene clouds, what the moist south wind intends, the sun shall give 
 
 fiigna tibi. Quis audeat dicere solera i'alsum? Ille 
 
 signs to you. Who can dare to say the sun if false? He 
 
 etiam saepe monet caecos tumultus instare, que 
 
 also often admonishes that blind disturbances threaten, and 
 
 fraudem et operta bella tumescere. Ille etiam miseratus 
 
 fraud and secret wars swell around. He also compassionating 
 
 Romam, Caesare exstincto, cum texit nitidum caput 
 
 Rome, Casar being killed, when he covered his shining bead 
 
 obscura ferrugine, que impia secula timuerunt aeteniam 
 
 with dark purple, and impious ages feared eternal 
 
 noctem; quanquam illo tempore tellus quoque et 
 
 night; although at that time the earth also and 
 
 aequora ponti, que obsceni canes, que importunae 
 
 the waters of the sea, and filthy d.gs, and "-clamorous 
 
 vol acres, dabant signa. Quoties vidimus jEtnam, 
 
 birds, gave signs. How often have we seen ^Ctna, 
 
 undantem fornacibus ruptis, effervere in agros Cy- 
 
 waving from its furnaces bursting, to boil over upon the fields of the 
 
 clopum, que volvere globos flammarum que liquefacta 
 
 Cyclops, and to roll globes of flames and melted 
 
 saxa ! Germania audiit sonitum armorum totp ccelo i 
 rocks I Germany hews thewund of arms through the whole sky;
 
 62 
 Alpes tremuerunt insolitis motibus. Ingens vox 
 
 the Alpa shook with unusual commotions. A great voice 
 
 quoque exaudita vulgo per silentes lucos, et 
 
 also was heard every where through the silent groves, and 
 
 simulacra, pallentia miris modis visa sub ob- 
 
 ghosts, pale in wonderful forms were seen beneath the 
 
 scurum noctis ; que pecudes locutae. Infandum ! amnes 
 
 dark cloud of night; and the cattle spoke. O abominable 1 the rivers 
 
 sistunt, que terrae dehiscunt ; et moestum ebur illarrymat 
 
 standstill, and the earth opened wide; and the mournful ivory weeps 
 
 templis, que aera sudant. Eridanus, rex 
 
 in the temples, and brazen images sweat. Eridanua, <he king 
 
 fluviorum, proluit silvas, contorquens insano -vortice, 
 
 of rivers, overflows the woods, turning in maddening whirl, 
 
 que tulit armenta cum stabulis per omnes campos. 
 
 and bore along herds with theirstables through all tue plains. 
 
 Nec eodem tempore aut minaces fibre- 
 
 Nor at the same time either did the threatening fibres* fail 
 
 apparere tristibus extis, aut cruor cessavit manare 
 
 to appear in the dismal entrails, or did blood cease to flow 
 
 puteis ; et urbes resonare alte per noctem, lupis 
 
 from wells ; and the cities to resound far through the njght, the wolves 
 
 ululantibus. Non plura fulgura alias ceciderunt 
 
 bowling. Not more lightnings elsewhere fell 
 
 sereno coelo ; nee diri cometae toties arsere. 
 
 from the clear heaven ; nor did direful comets so often burn. 
 
 Ergo, Philippi videre Romanas acies concurrere iterum 
 
 Therefore, Fhilippi beheld the Roman armies rush together again 
 
 inter sese paribus telis : nee fuit indignum 
 
 among themselves with equal weapons: nor was it unworthy 
 
 Superis Emathiam et latos campos Hacmi pinguescere 
 
 the Gods that Emathia and the broad plains of Hxmus to become enriched 
 
 bis nostro sanguine. Scilicet et tempus veniet, cum, 
 
 twice by our blood. For al.-o the time shall come, when, 
 
 illis finibus, agricola, molitus terrain incurvo aratro, 
 
 in those boundaries, the farmer, tilling the earth with the crooked plough, 
 
 inveniet pila exesa scabra rubigine, aut pulsabit 
 
 shall find darts corroded by consuming rust, or shall strike 
 
 inanes galeas gravibus rastris, que mirabitur grandia ossa 
 
 empty helmets with heavy harrows, and shall admire the large Lours 
 
 effossis sepulcris. Patrii Di, Indigetes, 
 
 from the excavated* tombs. O my country's Gods, ye native Deities, 
 
 et Romule, que mater Vesta, quae servas Tuscuin 
 
 and thou O Romulus, and mother Vesta, who preservest Tuscan 
 
 Tiberim et Romana palatia ; saltern ne prohibete 
 
 Tiber and the Roman palaces; at least do not forbid 
 
 hunc juvenem succurrere everso soeclo. Jamprideui 
 
 this youth to relieve this overturned age. Long si nee
 
 <J3 
 
 luimus perjuria Loamedonteae Trqjae nostro 
 
 we have suffered for the perjuries of Laomedon'd Troy by our 
 
 sanguine. Jampridem, Caesar, regia coeli invidet te 
 
 blood. Long since, O Caesar, the palace of heaven envies you 
 
 nobis, atque queritur curare triumphos hominum : 
 
 to us, and complains that you care for the triumphs of men; 
 
 quippe ubi fas atque nefas versum, tot bella per 
 
 for when right and wrong are confounded, so many wars through 
 
 orbem ; tarn nrmltae facies scelerum ; non ullus dignus 
 
 tho globe; so many forma of crimes; there is no worthy 
 
 honos aratro : arva squalent colonis 
 
 honour to the plough the fields are overgrown with weeds, the husbandmen 
 
 abductis et curvae falces conflantur inrigidum enses. 
 
 being driven away and the crooked sickles are melted into hard swords. 
 
 Hinc Euphrates, illinc Germania, movet bellum ; 
 
 On this side the Euphrates, on that Germany, excites war-, 
 
 vicinae urbes ferunt arma: inter se legibus _. 
 
 neighbouring cities bear hostile arms: among themselves treaties Oil) 
 
 ruptis : impius Mars saevit toto orbe. Ut cum 
 
 being violated: merciless Mars rages through the whole globe. As when 
 
 quadrigae effudere sese carcsribus, 
 
 chariots drawn by four horses loose themselves from the goals, 
 
 addunt se in spatia, et auriga, frustra tendens retina- 
 hasten to the race, and the charioteer in vain holding the 
 
 cula, fertur equis, neque currus audit 
 
 bridle, is borne away by the horses, nor does the chariot regard 
 
 habenas. 
 
 the reins. 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 HACTENUS cultus arvorum, et sidera 
 
 HITHERTO I have sung the husbandry of fields, and the constellations 
 
 coeli ; nunc canam . te, Bacche, necnon silvestria 
 
 of heaven; now I will celebrate thce, O Bacchus, also the wild 
 
 virgulta tecum, et prolem tarde crescentis olivae. 
 
 shrubs with thee, and the offspring of the slowly growing olive 
 
 Hue, 6 pater Lenace : omnia hie plena tuis 
 
 Corns here, O father Bacchus: all things here are full of thy 
 
 tnuneribus : ager floret tibi gravidus pampineo au- 
 
 favours . the field thrives for thee teeming with the viny au-
 
 64 
 
 tumno , vindemia spumat plenis Labris : veni hue, 
 
 lumn ; the vintage foams with full vats : come here, O 
 
 pater Lenaee, et mecum tinge nudata onira novo 
 
 father Bacchus, and with me imbrue your naked legs with new 
 
 musto, coihurnis (Ureplis. Principle, natiira est 
 
 wine, your buskins being tnrn off In the first place, nature is 
 
 lft varia creandis arboribus : namque aliae veniunt 
 
 ^ various in producing trees: for some ct>me up 
 
 ipsse sul sponie, nullis hominum eogemibus 
 
 themselves of their own accord, no labour* of men fencing 
 
 que tenent campos late et curva flumina : 
 
 them, and spread over the fields far around and crooked streams: 
 
 ut molle siler, que lentae genistae, populus et canentia 
 
 as the soft osier, and the slender broom, the poplar and whitening 
 
 salicta glauc;\ fronde. Autem pars surgunt dc 
 
 willows with sea green leaf. But a part arise from 
 
 posito semine ; ut altre castanese, que aesculus quae 
 
 planted seed; as the high chestnuts, and the bay oak which 
 
 frondet Jovi, maxima nemorum, atque 
 
 puts forth leaves in honour to Jove, the greatest tree of the grove*, and 
 
 quercus habitae oracula Graiis. Densissima silva 
 
 oaks esteemed oracles by the Greeks. A very abundant forest 
 
 pullulat aliis ab radice, ut cerasis que 
 
 Of young shoots springs to others from the root, as to cherries and 
 
 ulmis : etiam parva Parnassia laurus subjicit se sub 
 
 to elms: also the small Parnassian laurel raises itself beneath 
 
 ingenti umbril matris. ' Natura primum dedit hos 
 
 the great shade of its mother. Nature first has given these 
 
 5n modos : his omne genus silvarum que fruticum, 
 
 ~^ means: by these every kind ofwodb and fruit trees, 
 
 que sacrorum nemorum, viret. Sum alii quos 
 
 and of sacred groves, flourishes. There are others \\inch 
 
 usus ipse reperit sibi via. Hie 
 
 experience itself has found out for itself by art.* This man 
 
 abscindens plantas de tenero corpore matrum. 
 
 cutting the shoots from the tender body of their mothers 
 
 deposuit sulcis : hie obruit arvo stirpes, quo 
 
 has planted them in furrows: this has covered in the ground stocks, and 
 
 sudes quadrifidas, et vallos acuto robore, que 
 
 takes divided in four parts, and poles with sharp pointed wood and 
 
 aliae silvarum exspectant presses arcus propaginis, et viva 
 
 some of the trees expect the bent arches of u shoot, and living 
 
 plantaria sua tern\. Aliae egent nil radicis : que 
 
 nurseries in their own land. Others want nothing of any root: and 
 
 putator haud dubitat mandare terrae summum cacumen, 
 
 the pruner does uut hesitate to commit to the tarth the highest Up 
 
 * Ciwro.
 
 jfeferens Quin et, mirabile dictu, oleagina Q^ 
 
 sectoring it u k*r But even, wonderful to be told, ibe wild olive 
 
 radix, caudicibue sectis, truditur e sicco ligno. E 
 
 toot, U.-i trunk being cut up. shoots out from dry wood. AM 
 
 saepe videimus rainos allerius vertere impune 
 
 jften hare we seen the branches of one tru to change without injury 
 
 in altering : que pyrum mutatam ferre insits 
 
 into tkttt of another: and the pear transformed to bear engrafted 
 
 mala et lapidosa corna rubescere prunis. Quart 
 
 apple*, ami stcny wiU cherries to reddea on plum trees. Wherefore 
 
 igite, o agricol*, discite proprios cultus generatim, que 
 
 come on, O fkmr. Warn appropriate rulUratien for each kind, and 
 
 mollite feros frutr.s colondo: neu segues 
 
 soften the wild frui's by nutrition : Her permit that unfruitru 
 
 terrae jaeeant : juvat conserere Lsmara baccho, 
 
 lands be idle : it delights to plant even tenants with the rine 
 
 atque vestire magnum Tabumum olea. Que tu 
 
 and to cover extensive Taburnus with the elive. And do you 
 
 ades, que decurre inceptum laborcra una, 6 
 
 be present, \i pursue this begun labour together with me O tfiou my 
 
 decus, 6 merito maxima pars nostrae famae, Maecenas, 
 
 glory, O deservedly the greatest part of my * fame, Mseenas, 
 que volans da vela patent! pel ago. Ego non , 
 and flying give sail' on the opening tea. I do not 
 
 opto amplecti cuncta meis versibus ; non, si sint mini 
 
 wish to embrace all things in rry verses ; not, if there can be to mt 
 
 centum* linguae, que centum ora ferrea vox : ades 
 
 hundred tongues, and a hundred mouths an iron voice: come here 
 
 et lege oram primi litoris. Terra in 
 
 and coast along the margin of the nearest shore. The lands art in PU 
 
 manibus : non tenebo te hie ficto carmine, atque 
 
 manda nor will I detain you here with a feigned song, and 
 
 per ambages et longa exorsa. Qua? 
 
 lead you through windings and long introductions. Those plants which 
 
 tollunt se in oras luminis, smi sponte, 
 
 rai- themselves to the borders of light, of their own freewill 
 
 surgunt infecunda quidem, sed beta et fortia ; quippe 
 
 ins. unprcdu< live indeed, but healthful and strong ; tbi 
 
 natiura eubest solo. Tamen si quis inserat haec 
 
 vifue M nnder the soil. Yet if any one shall engraft then 
 
 quoque aut mandet mutata subactis scrobibus, Q 
 
 Uao or commit them transplanted to prepared trenches, 
 
 axuerint silvestrera aniinum ; que frequent! cul 
 
 they will lay aside their wild disposition ; and by frequent cnl- 
 
 Tu, baud tarda sequenter in quascuuque artea 
 
 tivation, not slowly. will they follow into whatsoever arts 
 
 voces. Nee et non, quse exit sterilis 
 
 vou may Invite them to. Also, the shoot which comee J-Q barren
 
 66 
 &b imis stirpibuc. faciet hoc, si sit digests 
 
 from the lowpsl tools, will accomplish this, it it be spread 
 
 per vaeuos agros : nunc altae frondes, et raini 
 
 through UM empty fields: now the high leaves. and branches 
 
 matm opacant, que adimant fetus crescent!, 
 
 ofitsmoUwr oyershade it, and takeaway fruit from a growing, 
 
 que urum ferenteni. Jam arbos, quae sustulit 
 
 and consume it producing fruit. Now the tree, which raises 
 
 se jactis scminibus, venil tarda, factura 
 
 'tseif from planted seeds, comes up slow, about to make 
 
 ambram seris nepotibue : que puma degeneranl 
 
 shade for its late offspring . and the fruits degenerate 
 
 obhta priores auccos : et uva fert turpes 
 
 having forgotten their former juices : and the grape vine produces bast 
 
 fio racemos praedam avibus. Scilicet labour est iinpen- 
 
 clusters plunder for birds. For labour is to be 
 
 dendus omnibus, et omnes cogendae in sulcum, ac 
 
 expended on all, and all are to be forced into the furrow, and 
 
 domandae multi mercede. Oleae truncis, vites 
 
 subdued by much pains. Olives grew from truncheons, vines 
 
 propagine melius respondent, myrtus Paphiae 
 
 from the snoot better answer our views, the myrtle of Paphian 
 
 de solido .obore. Edurae coryli nascuntur 
 
 Venus from the solid wood. Hardy hazels grow 
 
 plantis, et ingens fraxinus, umbrosa arbos Herculeae 
 
 from SBOOU, ajid the great ash, and the shady poplar tree of Hercules' 
 
 coronae, que glandes Chaonii patris : etiam ardua 
 
 crown, and the mast of the Chaonian father Jupiter: also the lofty 
 
 palma nascitur, et abies visura marinos oasus 
 
 aim grows. ami the fir about to visit maritime misfortunes 
 
 Vero horrida arbutus inseritur ex fetu nucis, et 
 
 Sat the rough arfaute is engrafted from the fruit of the walnut, and 
 
 -j. steriles platani gessere valentes malos. 
 
 ^ barren plane tree* bave borne strong apples 
 
 Fagus incanuit castaneae, que ornuf 
 
 rhcbeoch has whitened untA tlastoms of the chestnut, and the mountain ash 
 
 albo flore pyri : que sues fregere glandem 
 
 with the white flower of the pear and swine have broken mast 
 
 sub ulmis. Nee est simplex modus inserere atque 
 
 beneath elms. Nor is it the same method to engraft and 
 
 imponere oculos. Nam qua gemmae truduir 
 
 to place buds (to inoculate). For where the buds pusri 
 
 se de medio cortice, et rum punt tenues tunicas, 
 
 (hemoelves from the middle ul the bark, and break the tender coals 
 
 angustus sinus fit in nodo ipso : includunt germen 
 
 a narrow opening is mad in thn knot itsir they enclose the bu<! 
 
 ex aliena arbore hue, que docent inolescere udo 
 
 from another tree here. and leach it o harden in ibv moisi
 
 87 
 
 tibro. AllV rursum, enodes trunci resecantur, et via 
 
 bark. Or again, the knotless trunks are cut, and a way 
 
 finditur alte in solidum cuneis, deinde fences 
 
 os eleven deeply in the solid weed With wedges, afterwards fruitful 
 
 plants immittuntur ; nee tempus longum, et ingens fift 
 
 uokers are introduced ; nor i* the time long, and a great *** 
 
 arbes exiit ad ccelum -, felicibus ramis, que miratur novae 
 
 iree goes forth to heaven with happy branches, and admires new 
 
 (rondes et poma non sua. Praterea baud unum 
 
 saves and fruits not it? own. Beaidea there is not one 
 
 genus ; nee fortibus ulmis, nee salici, que oto, 
 
 Kind only ; neither to the strong elms. nor the willow, and lota tree 
 
 nec Idaeis cyparissis ; nee pingues olivae nascuntur in 
 
 nor the Idean cypreaaea; nor do fat olives grow ir 
 
 unam faciem, orehites, et radii, et pausia, amara 
 
 one shape, the orchites, and the radii, and the pausia, with bitter 
 
 bacca,; que poma et silvae Alcinoi; nec idem 
 
 berry; and the apples and the orchards of Alci nous; nor is the same 
 
 surculus Crustumiis que Syriis pyris, que gravibus 
 
 s'ioot to the Ciustomian and the Syrian pears, and to the heavy 
 
 volemis. Eadem vindemia non pendet nostris arboribus, 
 
 volerai The same vintage does not hang from our trees, 
 
 quam Lesbos csrpit de Methymnaeo palmite. Sunt 
 
 which Lesbos plucks from the Methymnaean vine. There are 
 
 Thasiae vitas, sunt et albee Mareotides ; ha habiles flfl 
 
 Thasian vines, there are also white Mareotides ; these adapted 
 
 pinguibus terris, iliae levioribus ; et Psythis 
 
 to fertile lands, those more congenial to lighter sails ; and the Psythiao 
 
 utilicr passo, que tenuis lageos tentatura pedes 
 
 more useful when dried, and the light lageos about to try the feet 
 
 olim, que yinetura linguam ; purpurese, que precise : 
 
 hereafter, and about lo bind the league; the purple, and precocious. 
 
 et quo carmine dk>am te, Rhagtica, nec 
 
 and in what verse shall sing thee, O Bhstian vine, not 
 
 ideo contende Falernis ellis. Sunt etiam Ammineae 
 thus contend in Falernean cellars. There are also Amrainear 
 vites, Ariaissima vina; quihus et Tmolus, 100 
 
 vines, producing- very poxvwfol wlMi; which even Tmolus, 
 st Phsneus ipes rex, assurgit : que 
 
 sad Pnsnzus himself king of meuataisi, rises to (i. e. honours) : and 
 minor Argitis, out non ulla certaverit aut fluere 
 the lesser Argilis, with which not any has contended either to flow 
 
 tantum, aut durare per totidem annos. Ego not 
 
 -o crush, of to last for so many years I will NO* 
 
 transierim te,* Rhodia accepta Dis et seeundic 
 
 ptur tbee, O Rhodian grape received by ttie gods and at seeonf 
 
 vonsis. et bomaste, tumidis racemis. Sec 
 
 tables. ard thti Obumasles. with swellinf, elusun. BM
 
 68 
 neqoe est nuroerus quam imiltae species nee qu 
 
 neither it tbe number recounted how many kind* nor what 
 
 sint nomina ; cuim neque refert comprendere 
 
 maybe the name*; for neither docs it concern u to comprehend 
 
 numoro; quern, qui velit scire, idem velit discere 
 
 in number; which, whoever would know, the same would learn 
 
 quam multae arenae Libyci aequoris turbentur Zephyro ; 
 
 bow many sands of the Libyan sea are disturbed by tbe west wind 
 
 aut, ubi Enrus viulentior incidit navigiis, nosse quot 
 
 or, when the east wind more violent falls upon the ships, to know how many 
 
 lonii fluctus veniant ad litora. Nee vero possunt omnes 
 
 Ionian wavea come to the shores. Nor indeed can all 
 
 terrae ferre oinnia. Salices nascuntur flumini- 
 
 landa produce all kinds of trees. Willows grow by ri- 
 
 . ,~ bus, que alni crassis paludibus ; steriles orni 
 
 vers, and alders in thick marshes ; barren wild ashes 
 
 saxosis montibus ; litora laetissima myrtctis : denique 
 
 in rocky mountains; the shores are most gladdened by myrtles: finally 
 
 Bacchus amat apertos colles : taxi Aquilonem et 
 
 Bacchus loves the open hills- yew trees love the north wind and 
 
 frigora. Aspice et orbem domitum extremis 
 
 the colds. See also the globe subdued by the most distant 
 
 cultoribus, que Eoas domos Arabum, que pictos 
 
 cultivators, both the eastern dwellings 'of the Arabians, and the painted 
 
 Gelonos. Patrice" divisa3 arboribus. India sola fert 
 
 Oeloni. Countries are separated by trees. India alone produces 
 
 nigrum ebenum : thurea virga est Sabaeis 
 
 the black ebony the frankincense shrub is for the Sabeans 
 
 solis. Quid referam tibi balsama que sudantia 
 
 only. Why should I relate to you balsams also perspiring 
 
 odorato ligno, et baccas semper frondentis* acanthi ? 
 
 from the odorous wood, and the berries of the ever leafing acanthus? 
 
 120 ^ Ul ^ nemora ^Ethiopum canentia 
 
 "^ why should I describe the groves of the Ethiopians whitening 
 
 molli lana? utque Seres depeciant tenuia vellera 
 
 with soft wool? and how the Seres comb down light fleece* 
 
 foliis ? aut quos lucos India propior Oceano, 
 
 from leaves ? or what forests India nearer to the Ocean, 
 
 extrerni sinus orbis, gerit? ubi hand ullae sagittae 
 
 the fartberest borders of the globe, produces? where not any arrows 
 
 potuere vincere summum aera arboris jactu : et ilia 
 
 can surpass the loftiest height of a tree in their flight and that 
 
 gens quidem non tarda sumtis pharetris. Media fert 
 
 nation indeed is not slow -in using quivers. Media produces 
 
 tristes succos que tardum saporem felicis mali ; quo 
 
 the bitter juices and lasting taste of the happy apple. than 
 
 non ullum praeeentius auxilium venit, ac agit 
 
 which not any more readv aid comes, and drives away
 
 atra venena membris, siquando saevae novercae 
 
 black poison from the limbs, if at any time merciless stepmothers 
 
 infeeere pocula, que miscuerunt herbas, et non innoxia 
 
 have infected bowls, and mingled herbs, and not harmless 
 
 verba. ' Ipsa arbos mgens que simillima 
 
 words of enchantment. This tree is large and most like 
 
 lauro faciem ; et, si non jactaret alium odorem 
 
 to the bay tree in form ; and, if it had not cast another smell 
 
 late, fuerat laurus. Folia haud labenua ullis 
 
 far around, it had been a laurel. Us leaves do not fall by an) 
 
 ventis ; flos apprima tenax. Medi fovcnt 
 
 winds; the flower is very tenacious The Medes correct their 
 
 animas et olentia ora, et medioantur anhelis senibus 
 
 breaths and offensive mouths, and cure panting old men 
 
 illo. Sed neque silvae Medorum, ditissima terra, 
 
 with it. But neither the groves of the Medes, that most fertile land, 
 
 nec pulcher Ganges, atque Hermus turbicus auro, 
 
 nor beautiful Ganges, and Hermus thickened with gold, 
 
 certent laudibus Italiae : non Bactra, neque Indi, 
 
 can contend with the praises of Italy, not Bactra, nor the Indians, 
 
 que tola Panchaia pinguis thuriferis arenis ; non 
 
 and all Panchaia rich in incense bearing sands, nor 
 
 tauri, spirantes ignem naribus, invertere haec loca, 
 
 bulls breathing fire from their nostrils, have turned up these places, 
 
 dentibus immanis hydri satis: nee seges .. 
 
 the teeth of a huge hydra beingsown: nor has a harvest *" 
 
 viram horruit galeis que densis hastis : sed gravidae 
 
 of men bristled up with helmets and thickening spears: but teeming 
 
 fruges, et Massicus humor Bacchi, implevere, 
 
 fruits, and the Massic juice of Bacchus, have filled the country, 
 
 que oleae que laela armenta tenent. Hinc bellator equus, 
 
 and olives and joyful herds possess if. Hence the warri T horse, 
 
 arduus, infsrt sese campo; hinc albi greges, et 
 
 bold. bears himself tp the plain; hence white Hocks, and 
 
 taurus, maxima victima, saepe perfusi tuo sacro flumine, 
 
 the bull, the greatest victim, often bathed in thy sacred stream, 
 
 Clitumne, duxere Romanos triumphos ad templa Defim. 
 
 O Clituinnus, have led the Roman triumphs to the temples of the God*. 
 
 Hie assiduum ver, atque sestas alienis mensibus : 
 
 Here is perpetual spring, and summer in unusual months: 
 
 pecudes bis gravidae, et arbos bis utilis , _ ft 
 
 the cuttle are twice teeming, and the 'tree is twice useful *"" 
 
 pomis. At rabidae tigres, et saeva semina leonum, 
 
 for fruits. But maddening tigers, and the direful progeny of lions, 
 
 absunt ; nec aconita fallunt miseros legentes ; nec 
 
 lire absent; nor does wolfsbane deceive the wretched gatherers; nor 
 
 souameus anguis rapit immensos orbes per humum, neque 
 
 t x the caly snake drag bit huge folds along the ground, neither
 
 70 
 
 colligit e in spiram tn to tractu. Adda 
 
 docs he collect himself in aspire with so largo a train. Add 
 
 tot egregias urbes, que laborem operum ; tot 
 
 so many renowned cities, and the labour of works; Romany 
 
 oppida congesta manu pnrruptis saxis ; que flu.mina 
 
 towns built up by the hand with broken rocks; and riven 
 
 labentia subter antiquos muros. An memorem 
 
 gliding beneath ancient walls. Whether shall I commemorate 
 
 mare, quod supra, que quod alluit infra ? Anne 
 
 the sea, which flows above, and that which flowed beneath? Whether 
 
 tantos lacus ? te, maxime Lari ? que te, 
 
 sk.ll I describe its great lakes? thcc, the largest OLarus? and tbee, 
 
 ,,, Benace, assurgens (luctibus et marino fre- 
 
 IDU O Benacus, rising with the waves and marine com 
 
 rnitu ? an memorem portus, que claustra addita 
 
 motion? whether shall I describe harbours, and the enclosures added 
 
 Lucrino, atque aequor indignatum magnis stridoribus, 
 
 to tho Lucri ne lake, and the sea raging with great noises, 
 
 qua Julia unda sonat, ponto longe refuse, que 
 
 where the Julian wave resounds, the sea far off being upturned, and 
 
 Tyrrhenus aes,tus immittitur Avernis fretis ? haec eadem 
 
 the Tuscan tide is admitted to the Avernian straits? this eamo 
 
 ostendit rivos argenti, que metalla aeris venis, 
 
 country exhibits rivers of silver, and mines of copper in its-veins, 
 
 atque fluxit plurima auro. Hacc extulit acre 
 
 and flowed most abundant with gold. This land has raised a brave 
 
 genus virum, Marsos, que Sabellam pubem, que Ligurem 
 
 race of men, the Mareii, and the Sabellan youth, and the Ligunun 
 
 assuetum malo, que Volscos verutos : haec 
 
 accustomed to hardship, and the Volsci bearing spits: this has 
 
 Decios, Marios, que magnos Camillos, Scipiadas 
 
 brought up the Decii, theMarii, and the great Camilli, Scipiot 
 
 duros bello, et te, maxime Caesar, qui jam nunc 
 
 hardened by war, and thee, the greatest O Ctesar, who even now 
 
 ,~Q victor in extremis oris Asiae, avertis imbellem 
 
 victorious in the most remote coasts of Asia, you drive the peaceful 
 
 Indurn Romanis arcibus. Salve, Saturnia tellus, magna 
 
 Indian from the Roman towers. Flail, Saiurnian land, great 
 
 parens frugurn, magna virum : tibi ingredior res 
 
 parent of fruits, great parent of heroes . for thee I enter upon subject! 
 
 antiquae laudis, et artis, ausus recludere sanctos fontes, 
 
 of ancient praise, and art, daring to lay open the holy fountains, 
 
 que cano Ascraeum carmen per Romana oppida. Nunc 
 
 and I sing an Ascrean verse through Roman towns. Now 
 
 locus ingeniis arvorum ; quae robora 
 
 is the opportunity to describe the dispositions of fields; whut powers 
 
 cuique quis color, et quae natura sit 
 
 or to each, what complexion, and to what its nature may be best suited
 
 71 
 
 fcrendis rebus. Primum, difficiles terras, que maligni 
 
 for producing things. ' First, rugged lands, and unfruitful 
 
 colles, ubi tenuis argilla, et calculus dumo- , ftn 
 
 liills, where there is alight clay, and gravel in the 
 
 sis arvis, gaudent Palladia silva, vivacis oliva*. 
 
 bushy fields, rejoice in Minerva's wood of the long-lived olive. 
 
 Plurimus oleaster, surgens eodem tractu, esl 
 
 The abundant wild-olive, arising in the same region, it 
 
 indicio ; et agri strati silvestribus baccis. At humus, 
 
 a proof; and the fields overspread with wild berries. But the ground, 
 
 quae pinguis, que laeta dulci uligihe, que campus qui 
 
 which is rich, and joyful with sweet moisture, and the plain which 
 
 frequeris herbis, et fertilis ubere, qualem saepe sole- 
 abounding with grass, and fertile with richness, such as often we are 
 
 mus despicere cava convalle mentis ; amnes 
 
 accustomed to look down upon in the. hollow vale of a mountain ; rivers 
 
 liquuntur summis rupibus hue, que trahunt fclicem 
 
 flow from the high rocks here, and draw along the rich 
 
 limum ; que qui editus Austro, et pascit filicein 
 
 slime ; and which is raised high to the south, and feeds the fern 
 
 invisam curvis aratris : hie olim sufficiet . q~ 
 
 hateful to the crooked ploughs: this hereafter will supply *"^ 
 
 tibi vites praevalidas, que fluentes multo Baccho ; hie 
 
 to you vines very strong, and flowing with much wine ; this 
 
 fertilis uvae, h'c laticis, qualem libamus pateris 
 
 is rich in the grapes, th * in liquor, such as we pour from goblets 
 
 et au <>, cum pinguis Tyrrhenus inflavit ebur ad 
 
 and gold, when the fat Tuscan has blown his ivory trumpet at 
 
 aras, et reddimus fumantia exta pandis lancibus. 
 
 the altars, and we offer sr oking entrails iu bending dishes. 
 
 Sin inagis studium- tuevi annenta que vitulos, aut 
 
 But if rather your study is to preserve herds and calves, or 
 
 fetus ovium, aut capellas urentes culta, petito 
 
 the offspring of sheep, or goats destroying the cultivated fields, seek 
 
 saltus, et longinqua saturi Tarenti, et campum o ualem 
 
 the lawns, and distant fields of fruitful Taren turn, and the plain such as 
 
 infelix Mantua amisit, pascentem niveos uycnos 
 
 unhappy Mantua has lost, feeding snow-white swans 
 
 herboso fiumine. Non liquidi fontes, non gramina, 
 
 by the grassy stream. Nor are liquid fountains, nor grass, 
 
 desunt gregibus : et quantum armenta carpent 20Q 
 
 wanting to the flocks : and as much as the herds crop ~" u 
 
 longis diebus, gelidus ros reponet tantum exigua, 
 
 in the Icnger days, the cool deW replaces as much in the ebon 
 
 nocte. Terra fere nigra, et pinguis sub presso 
 
 night. Land almost black, and rich beneath the pressed 
 
 vomere, et cui putre solum (namque imitamur 
 
 ploughshare, and to which there is -a rotten soil (for we imit t
 
 72 
 
 hoc arando) optima frumentis. Non cernes plura 
 
 this in ploughing) is best for corn. You will not see more 
 
 plaustra tardis juvencis, deccdere domum ex ullo 
 
 wagons with slow bullocks depart home from any 
 
 Bcquore. Aut unde iratus arator devexit silvam, 
 
 plain. Or from whence the angry ploughman lias borne a wood, 
 
 et evertit nemora ignava per multos annos, que emit 
 
 and upturned the groves slothful for many years, and has overturned 
 
 antiquas domos avium, cum imis stirpibus; illae pe- 
 
 the ancient dwellings of the birds, with their lowest roots; they have 
 
 01 tiere altum nidis relictis ; at campus 
 
 sought the lofty sky their nests being abandoned ; but the plain 
 
 rudis enituit, vomere impulso. Nam 
 
 uncultivated looks bright, the ploughshare being driven through it. For 
 
 quidem jejuna glarea clivosi ruris vix ministrat humiles 
 
 indeed the hungry gravel of a hilly field hardly supplies tow 
 
 casias que rorem apibus ; et negant alios agros ferre 
 
 cassia and rosemary for the bees ; and they deny that other fields produce 
 
 aeque dulcem cibum, et praebere curvas latebras serpentibus, 
 
 equally sweet food, and furnish winding retreats for serpents, 
 
 scaber tophus et creta exesa nigris chelydris. 
 
 as do the rough rotten stone and chalk corroded by black water-snakes 
 
 Quae exhalat tenuem nebulam, que volucres fumos, 
 
 The soil which sends forth light mist, and flying smoke 
 
 et bibit humorem, et ipsa remit it ex se cum 
 
 and drinks in moisture, and itself gives it ack from itself lien 
 
 vult ; que quas semper vestit se suo viridi gramme, 
 
 it will ; and which always clothes itself with its own green gia.s, 
 
 nec laedit ferrum rcabie et salsa, rubigine ; 
 
 nor injures the iron (plough) wni> scurf and salt rust; 
 
 ilia intexet ulmos tibi laetis vitihus ; ilia est 
 
 that will intertwine the elms for you with joyful vines ; that U 
 
 ferax oleae ; experiere colendo illam ; 
 
 productive of the olive; try it by cultivating it; you v.ill find it 
 
 et facilem pecori, et patientem unci vomeris. 
 
 both friendly to the flock, and enduring the crooked plough. 
 
 Dives Capua et ora vicina jngo Vesevo, 
 
 Rich Capua and the coast near to the mountain Vesuvius. 
 
 et Clanius non aequus vacuis Acerris, arat 
 
 and the Claunius not just to the ravaged Acern, ploughs 
 
 talcm. Nunc dlcam, quo modo possis 
 
 such a toil, Now I will declare, by what mode you can 
 
 cognoscere quamque requiras sit rara, 
 
 know each should you require that it maybe thin, 
 
 an sit densa supra morem ; quoniam altera favet 
 
 or that it may be dense above measure ; since the one favours 
 
 frumentis, altera Baccho ; densa magis cereri; 
 corn. the other wine , the dense ic more ft for corn
 
 73 
 
 que quae rarisslma Lyaeo ; ante, capies 
 
 and that which is thinnest is test for wine; first, you shall mark **" 
 
 locum oculis, que jubebis puteum deinitti alte in 
 
 a place with your eyes, and older a well to be sunk deep in 
 
 solido, que rursus repones omnem humum, et 
 
 the solid ground, and again you shall replace all the ground, and 
 
 eequabis summas arena? pedibus. Si deerunt uber 
 
 level down the high sands with your feet. If they are deficient the soil 
 
 erit rarum, que aptius pecori et almis vitibus : sin 
 
 will be thin,- and fitter for the flock and cheering Tines: but if 
 
 negabunt posse ire in sua loca, et terra 
 
 they deny themselves to be able to go into their own places, and cartb 
 
 superab^t, scrobibus repletis, ager spissus ; exspecta 
 
 shall abound, the ditches being filled, the soil is dense ; expect 
 
 cunctantes glebas, que crassa terga, et proscinde terram 
 
 delaying clods, and thick ridges, and cut up the earth 
 
 validis juvencis. Autem salsa tellus, et quae perhibetur 
 
 with strong bullocks. But the salt land, and which ia esteemed 
 
 amara, infelix frugibus, (ea nee mansuescit 
 
 bitter, unhappy for fruits, (it neither becomes soft 
 
 arando, nee servat genus Baccho, aut sua nomina 
 
 by ploughing, nor does it preserve the kind to the wine, or their own names 
 
 **omis) dabit tale specimen. Tu deripe qualos 
 
 the fruits) will give euch an example. Do you tear down basket* 
 
 spisso vimine, que cola praelorum furnosis tectis. 
 
 of '.he close twigs, and strainers of vine presses from the emoking roofs. 
 
 Ille malus ager, que dulces undae a fontibus calcentur 
 
 Let this impure soil, and, sweet waters from the fountains be trodden 
 
 hue ad plenum : scilicet omnis aqua eluctabitur, et 
 
 here to the full brim: for all the water will escape, and 
 
 grandes guttae ibunt per vimina. At manifestus sapor 
 
 large drops will pass through the vines. But the evident taste 
 
 faciet indicium ; et amaror torquebit tristia ora tentantium 
 
 willgive the proof ; and bitterness will torture the sad faces of tasters 
 
 sensu. Item discimus denique hoc pacto, quas tellus 
 
 by the *ensatton. Also we learn finally by this method, what land 
 sit pinguis : jactata manibus haud unquam fatiscit, 
 
 maybe rich: tossed about by the hands it will not ever crumble, 
 
 sed lentescit ad digitos habendo in morem picis. oen 
 
 but stick to the fingers in handling ill the manner of pitch. 
 
 Humida alit majores herbas, que ipsa laetior 
 
 A moist soil prodjces larger herbs, and itself is more abundant 
 
 justo. Ah, ne ilia sit nimium fertilis mihi, ncu 
 
 than is proper. Ah, let it not be too rich ii-r me, nor 
 
 ostendat se praevalidam primis aristis ! Quce est 
 
 exhibit itself too strong in its first ears! That which ia 
 
 gravis, prodit se tacitain pondere ipso ; que quae 
 
 heavy, betray* itself silently by its weight itself; and that whicfi
 
 74 
 
 ivis. Est prompuint praediscere nigrarn oeuiin et 
 
 is light II is easy to Irani the black by the eyes And 
 
 quis color cuique. At est difficile exquirerc steleratum 
 
 what colour la to each. But it is difficult to distinguish the accursed 
 
 frigus : tantum picex, que nocentes taxi interdum, aut 
 
 cold : only pitch trees, and the hurtful yews sometimet, 01 
 
 aigra- hederae pandunt vestigia. His animadversis 
 
 tho black ivy betray their marks. These things being observer, 
 
 memento excoquere terram tnulto ante, et circumdare 
 
 remember to dry the soil long beforehand, ami to surround 
 
 magnos montas scrobibus, ostendere supinatas glebas 
 
 argt mountains with trenches, to exhibit the upturned clods 
 
 Aquiloni, antequam infodias lactum genus 
 
 to the north wind, before you plant the fruitful race 
 
 vitis. Putri solo optima arva; vcnti, que 
 
 rf the vine. In the crumbled soil are tb* best lands; the wind;, and 
 
 gelidae pruinae, et robustus lessor, movens labefacta jugera, 
 
 cold frests, and strong ditcher, stirring the loosened acres, 
 
 eurant id. At si haud ulla vigilantia fugit quos viros, 
 
 take earn of that. But if not any watchfulness escapes those men, 
 
 ante exquirunt similem locum ubi prima seges paretur 
 
 firs: let them seek a like place where the first nursery is prepared 
 
 arboribus, et quo mox digesta feratur ; ne 
 
 for the trees, and where presently arranged in order it may grow ; lest 
 
 somina ignorent matrem subito mutatam. Quin 
 
 the young plants be Ignorant of their mother suddenly changed. But 
 
 etiam signant regionem coeli in cortice, ut resti- 
 
 also lot them mark th> :egion of the sky upon the bark, that they may 
 
 270 tuant modo quo quaeque steterit, 
 
 * ' restore it to the same situation in which each had stood, 
 
 parte qua quaeque tulerit Austrinos calores, qui 
 
 in the part where each had borne the southern heats, where 
 
 obverterit terga axi. Est adeo multum consuescore 
 
 it had turned its back to the pole. It is thus much to acquire a habit 
 
 in teneris. Quaere prius, an sit melius ponere 
 
 in tender years. Inquire first, whether it may be better to place 
 
 vites collibus, an piano. Si metabere agros pinguis 
 
 Hie Vines on hills, or on the plain. If you measure the fields of a rich 
 
 campi, sere densas ; Bacchus non segnior in 
 
 plain, plant thick ; the vine will not grow more slothful in 
 
 denso ubere ; sin solum acclive tumulis, que 
 
 a thick planted soil ; but if the soil Is sloping from the ascent, and 
 
 supinos colles, indulge ordinibus ; nee secius omnis via 
 
 declining hills, indulge in rows , not otherwise all trie way 
 
 quadret secto hmite arboribus positis in unguem. 
 
 may square with the out path. the trees being placed in exact order 
 
 Ut saepe ingenti belie, cum longa legio explicu 
 
 6s otVn in a great war. when a long-extended legion has unfold
 
 78 
 
 cohortes, t agmen stetit aperto campo, que non 
 
 'tis bands, and the army stood on the open plain, and ^"^ 
 
 acies directae, ac omnis tellus fluctuat late 
 
 the battalions are arrayed, and all the land waves far around 
 
 renidenli aere, nee dum miscent horrida prcelia, 
 
 with shining brass, nor for a while do they mingle dreadful battle, 
 
 sed dubius Mars errat in mediis armis ; oinnia 
 
 but doubtful Mars wanders in the midst of arms let alHAe dirisiont 
 
 viarum sint dimensa paribus numeris, non modo uti 
 
 of your ways be measured with equal proportions, not only that 
 
 prospectus pascat inanem animum, sed quia non 
 
 the prospect may feed the hungry mind, but because not 
 
 aliter terra dabit aequas vires omnibus, neque 
 
 otherwise will the land give equal strength to all, neither 
 
 rami poterunt extendere se in vacuum. 
 
 the branches can extend themselves te the vacant air. 
 
 Forsitan et quaeras quae fastigia sint scrobibus. 
 
 Perhaps also you will ask what depth may be to the trenches. 
 
 Ausim committere vitem vel tenui sulco. Arbos 
 
 1 would dare to commit the vine even to a light furrow. The tree 
 
 defigitur altius ac penitus terrse ; in primis esculus, 9 qrj 
 
 is planted deeper and low in the earth; especially the esculus, *>>" 
 
 quae quantum vertice ad aethereas auras, tantum 
 
 which as much rises with its head to ethenal skies, so much 
 
 tendit radice in Tartara. Ergo, non hiemes uon 
 
 it sinks with its root to Hell. Therefore, not winters nor 
 
 flabra, neque imbres convellunt illam ; manet immota, 
 
 blasts, nor showers can overthrow it, it remains unmoved, 
 
 que per multos annos volvens multa secula virum 
 
 and for many years revolving many ages of men 
 
 durando vincit. Turn late tendens fortes 
 
 by enduring outlasts them. Then far around extending its strong 
 
 ramos et brachia hue illuc, ipsa media sustinet 
 
 branches and arms this way and that, it in the midst sustains 
 
 ingentem umbram. Neve tibi vineta vergant ad caden- 
 
 a great shade Nor let your vineyards incline to the set- 
 
 tem solem, neve sere corylum inter vites ; neve pete 
 
 ting sun, nor plant the hazel among the vines ; nor seek 
 
 summa flagella, aut defringe summas plantas ex 00 
 
 the highest shoots, ot break the topmost twigs from 
 
 BUO arbore, (tantus amor terrae ;) neu laede semina 
 
 their tree. (so great is their love of the earth ;) nor hurt the shoots 
 
 retuso ferro ; neve insere silvestres truncos 
 
 with the blunted steel nor plant among the wild trunks 
 
 oleae. Nam saepe ignis excidit incautis pastoribus, 
 
 of the olive. For often fire falls from the careless shepherds, 
 
 qui, primum tectus furtim sub pingui cortice, 
 
 which. firs" covered secretly bpnp.ith the rich bark.
 
 76 
 
 comprcmlit robora, que elapsus in altos frondes, 
 
 seizes the wood, and gliding among the high leave*. 
 
 dedit ingentem sonitum ccelo: inde secutus victor, 
 
 gave forth a great sound to heaven: then follow ing victorious 
 
 regnat per ramos, que per alta cacumma, et 
 
 reigns through the branches, and through the lofty tops, and 
 
 involvit totum nemus flammis, et crassus picea cali- 
 
 involves the whole grove in flames, and thick with pitchy dark 
 
 gine, ruit atram nubem ad ccelum, praesertim si tempestaa 
 
 ness, hurries a black cloud to heaven, especially if a tempest 
 
 ,,| incubuit silvis a vertice, que ventus glomerat 
 
 "*" broods over the woods from on high, and the wind gathers 
 
 incendia, ferens. Ubi hoc non valont 
 
 the flames, bearing them high up. When this takes place, they are not strong 
 
 a stirpe ; que caesae, possunt reverti atque revirescere 
 
 from the root, and cut, they can be returned and revive again 
 
 similes ima terra: infelix oleaster, amaris 
 
 tike to what they were in the deep earth: the hapless wild olive, with bitter 
 
 foliis, superat. Nee quisquam tarn prudens auctor 
 
 leaves, alone survives. Nor let any so wise ( counsellor 
 
 persuadeat tibi movere terram, Bored spirante. 
 
 persuade you to move the earth, the north wind blowing. 
 
 Turn hiems claudit rura gelu, nee, semine jacto, 
 
 Then winter shuts up the fields with frost, nor, the seed being thrown, 
 
 patitur concretam radicem affigere terrae. Satio est 
 
 oennits th'e frozen root to fasten in the earth. Planting it 
 
 nnn optima vinetis, cum, rubenti vere, Candida 
 
 **" best for vineyards, when, in the blushing spring, the white 
 
 avis, invisa longis colubris, venit ; vel sub prima 
 
 bird (trie stork), hated by long water-snaked, comes, or beneath the first 
 
 frigora autumni, cum rapidus sol nondum contingit 
 
 colds of autumn, when the swift sun not yet has touched 
 
 hiemem equis, jam aestas praeterit. Ver adeo 
 
 the winter with his horses, now the summer has passed. The spring thus. 
 
 frondi nemorum, ver utile silvis; 
 
 is best for the leai of the groves, the spring is useful fs* the woods; 
 
 vere * - .* terrae tument, et poscunt genitalia semina. 
 
 in the spring the lands swell, and demand the procreative seeds 
 
 Turn omnipotens pater, ./Ether, descendit in 
 
 Then the almighty father, the sky, (i. e. Jupiter,) descends upon 
 
 gremium laetas conjugis, fecundis imbribus, et magnus, 
 
 the bosom of his joyful wife, with fertilizing showers, and great, 
 
 commistus magno corpore, alit crimes fetus. 
 
 himself, mingling with her great body, cherishes all her offspring. 
 
 Turn avia virgulta resonant canoris avibus ; et armenta 
 
 Then the lonely shrubbery resounds with tuneful birds; and the herds' 
 
 repetunt venerem certis diebus. Almus ager parturit, que 
 
 renew their love on ccitain days. The fair field brings forth, and
 
 77 
 arva laxant sinus tepentibus auris Zephyri ; 
 
 the lands open their bosoms to the warm gales of the west wind , """ 
 
 tener humor superat omnibus ; que gramma audent 
 
 the tender moisture abounds mall, and the plants da-re 
 
 credere se in tuto novos soies ; nee pampi- 
 
 to. trust themselves in safe confidence to the new suns, nor does the 
 
 nus metuit surgentes Austros, aut imbrem actum 
 
 vine fear the rising south winds, or the shower driven 
 
 ccelo magnis Aquilonibus ; sed trudit gemmas, 
 
 along the sky by powerful north winds; but puts fortli their buds, 
 
 et explicat onines frondes. Credidenm non aiios 
 
 and spreads out all their leaves. I should have believed that not any other 
 
 dies illuxisse prima origine crescentis mundi, ve 
 
 days had shone on the first origin of the rising world, or 
 
 habuisse alium tenorem ; illud erat ver ; magnus orbis 
 
 had any other direction; it was spring, the great globe 
 
 agebat ver, et Euri parcebant hibernis flatibus ; 
 
 enjoyed the spring, and the east winds spared the wintry blasts; 
 
 cum primum pecudes hausere lucem, que ferrea ., ._ 
 
 when first the flocks drew in the light, and the iron **" 
 
 progenies virum extulit caput duris arvis, que 
 
 offspring of men raised their heads from the hard fields, and 
 
 ferae immissae silvis, et sidera coelo. 
 
 the wild beasts were let loose in the woods, and the stars in the sky. 
 
 Nec tenerae res possent ferre hunc laborem, 
 
 Nor the tender produce of the earth could endure this labour, 
 
 si tanta quies non iret inter que frigus que calorem, 
 
 if so great a rest did not pass between both the cold and the heat. 
 
 et indulgentia coeli exciperet terras. Quod superest, 
 
 and the indulgence of heaven had overtaken the earth. What remains, 
 
 quaecunque virgulta premes per agros, memor 
 
 whatsoever plants you press down through the fields, mindfu. 
 
 sparge pingui fimo, et occule multa terra : 
 
 sprinkle them with rich manure, and cover them with abundant earth 
 
 aut infode bibulum lapidem, aut squalentes conchas 
 
 or bury around them spongy stone, or rough shells 
 
 inter; enim aquae labentur, que tenuis halitus 
 
 among them; for the waters glide into. and alight vapour 
 
 subibit, atque sata tollent animos. Jumque ^Q 
 
 enters them, and the plants arouse their strength. And now 
 
 reperti, qui urgerent super saxo atque 
 
 they are found who would press them from above with a stone and 
 
 pondere ingentis testae ; hoc munimen ad effusos 
 
 the weight of a great potsherd; this is a protection to the out-pouring 
 
 imbres ; hoc munimen ubi asstifer Canis findit 
 
 showers; this is a guard when the heat-bparing Dog-star cleaves 
 
 hiulca arva siti. Seminibus positis, superest 
 
 the gaping fields with thirst. The shoots being planted, it remainr
 
 78 
 deducere terram saephis ad capita, et jactare duros 
 
 to draw the earth often to their heads, and to throw the hard 
 
 bidentes ; aut exercere solum sub press.o vomerft, et 
 
 drags; or to till thn soil beneath the pressed ploughshare, and 
 
 flticterc luctantes juvencos* inter vineta ipsa ; turn 
 
 to guide the struggling bullocks among the vineyards themselves ; then 
 
 aptare leves calamos, et liastilia rasae virgae : que 
 
 to prepare smooth 1 reeds, and spears of the peeled rod: and 
 
 fraxineas sudes, que bicornes furcas; viribus quarura 
 
 ashen stakes, and two horned forks, by the strength ot'whicn 
 
 ~ fiA assuescant eniti, et contemnere ventos, que 
 
 " they may be accustomed to climb, and to despise the winds, and 
 
 sequi tabulata per summas ulmos. Ac est 
 
 to follow the scaffolding through the highest jlms. And it is our interett 
 
 parcendum teneris dum prima aetas adolescit novia 
 
 to spare the tender vines while their first age sprouts with new 
 
 frondibus ; et, dum laetus palmes agit se ad auias, 
 
 leaves; and, while the joyful vine raises itself to the skies, 
 
 immissus per purum laxis habenis, acies ipsa 
 
 being sent through the clear sky with relaxed reins, the edge itfelt 
 
 falcis nondum tentanda; sed frondes carpcndae, que 
 
 of the knife not yet is to be tried ; but the leaves are to be plucked, ;.nd 
 
 intorlegendae unris manibus. Inde ubi jam amplexae 
 
 to be selected with bent hands. Then when now embracing 
 
 ulmos validis stirpibus exicrint, turn stnnge 
 
 the elms with their strong stalks they have gone forth, then strip 
 
 comas, turn tonde brachia, ante reform idant ferrum; turn 
 
 their leaves, then trim their branches, before they dread the knife, then 
 
 n~o denique exerce dura imperia, et compesce fluentes 
 
 finally exercise severe authority, and restrain the flowing 
 
 ratnos. Etiam sepes texenda et omne pecus tenen- 
 
 brancbea. Also a hedge is to be woven and all the cattle are to be 
 
 dum, praecipue dum frons tenera que imprudens 
 
 restrained, especially while the brunch is tender and unskilled 
 
 laborum, cui super indignas hiemes que potentem solera. 
 
 in labours, which besides the severe winters and powerful ' sun, 
 
 silvestres uri que sequaces capreae assidue illudunt ; 
 
 the wild buffaloes and pursuing goats continually mock; 
 
 oves, que avidae juvencae, pascuntur. Nee frigora 
 
 the sheep, and greedy heifers, feed upon them. Nor do the colds 
 
 concreta cana, pruina aut gravis aestas incumbens 
 
 hardened by hoary frost or the oppressive beat testing on 
 
 arentibus scopulis, tantum nocuere quantum illi greges. 
 
 the dried rocks, so much injure them as the flocks. 
 
 que venenum duri dentis, et cicatrix signata in admorso 
 
 and the poison of the hard tooth, and the scar marked upon the bitter. 
 
 r,~ stirpe. Ob non aliam culpam caper caeditur Baccho 
 
 stock For no other fault the goat is iam to Bacchus
 
 omnibus aris, et veteres ludi ineunt proscenia: que 
 
 on every altar, and ancient plays enter on thu stage: and 
 
 Theseidaj posuere prosmia ingeniis circum pages 
 
 the Athenians placed rewards to their wits around the villages 
 
 et compita : atque inter pocula laeti saliere per 
 
 and crossroads: and amidst their bowls joyful they danced upon 
 
 unctos utres in mollibus pratis. Nee non Ausonii 
 
 smeared bo'tles in the soft meadows. Likewise the Ausonian 
 
 co.on., gens missa Troja, ludunt incomptis versibus, 
 
 colonists, a race sent from Troy, sport in homely verses, 
 
 que soluto risu ; que sumunt horrenda ora cavatis 
 
 and unrestrained laughter; and take up hideous faces from hollowed 
 
 corticibus ; et vocant te, Bacche, per laeta carmina, 
 
 oarks of trees; and invoke thee, O Bacchus, by joyful songs, 
 
 que suspendunt mollia oscilla tibi ex alta pinu. Hinc 
 
 and they hang soft images to thee from the lofty pine. Hence 
 
 omnis vinea pubescit largo fetu ; que cavae ,q 
 
 every vineyard spro its forth with copious fruit; and the hollow """ 
 
 valles, que profundi saltus complentur, et 
 
 vales, and the deep lawns are filled with various produce, and 
 
 quocumque Deus circumegit honestum caput. Ergo 
 
 wherever the God moved around his honest head. Therefore 
 
 rite dicemus suuiu honorem Baccho patriis carminibus, 
 
 in order let us sing his own honour to Bacchus in our patriotic songs, 
 
 que feremus lances et liba, et sacer hircus, ductus 
 
 and let us offer dishes and cakes, and the sacred goat, led 
 
 cornu, stabit ad aram.; que torrebimus pinguia 
 
 by the horn, shall stand at the altar ; and we will roast the fat 
 
 exta in colurnis verubus. Est etiam ille alter labor 
 
 entrails on hazel spits. There is also that other labour 
 
 curandis vitibus, cui nunquam est satis exhaus.ti, 
 
 in providing for the vines, to which never is there enough of painstaking, 
 
 namque omne solum seindendum que ter, que quater 
 
 fof every soil is to be cut up both thrice, and four times 
 
 quotannis, <}ue gleba frangenda aeternum versis , 
 
 yearly, >vnd the clod is to be broken forever by inverted 
 
 bidentibus : omne nemus levandum fronde. Labor, actus 
 
 drags; every grove is to be stripped of its leaves. Labour, driven 
 
 in orbem, redit agricolis, atque annus volvitur in se 
 
 in a circle, returns to the farmers, and the year rolls round upon itself 
 
 per sua vestigia. Et jam cum olim vinea posuit 
 
 through its own footsteps. And now when at last the vineyard has laid 
 
 seras fronde?, et frigidus Aquilo decussit honorem 
 
 Bside its late leases, and the cold north wind has shaken honour 
 
 silvis ; jam turn acer rusticus extendit curas m 
 
 from the woods; even inen the bold countryman prolongs his cares to 
 
 venientem annurr.. et persequitur vitem relictam, attondens 
 
 the' approaching year, and pursues jhevine abandoned, cutting off
 
 80 
 
 curvo denle Saturni, que fingit putando 
 
 U roots, with toe crooked hook of Saturn, and be forms t f>y piuning 
 
 Primus fodito humum, primus cremate* sarmenta devecta, 
 
 First dig the ground. first burn the bushes borne away. 
 
 et primus refcrto vallos sub tecta ; postremus metito. 
 
 and first return the stakes beneath your roof. last reap 
 
 ,. ft Bis umbra mgruit vitibus ; bis herbae obducunt 
 
 Twice the shade invades the vines; twice the weeds overspread 
 
 scgetern dcnsis sentibus ; uterque labor durus. Laudato 
 
 the crop with frequent thorns , each toil is difficult. Praise 
 
 ingentia rura ; colito exiguum. Nee non etiam aspera 
 
 large fields; cultivate a email one. Also the rough 
 
 vimina rusci per silvam, et fluvialis arundo 
 
 twigs of butcher's broom through the wood, and the river reed 
 
 ceeditur ripis ; que cura inculti salicti exercet. 
 
 is cut up on the banks ; and care of the uncultivated willow employ; 
 
 Jam vites vinctee; jam arbusta reponunt falcem ; 
 
 4. Now the vines are lied; now the groves lay aside the pruning knife; 
 
 jam efietus vinitor canit extremes antes : tamen 
 
 and the toil-spent vine-dresser sings his last rows; yet 
 
 tellus solicitanda, que pulvis movendus ; et jam Jupiter 
 
 the earth must be urged, and the dust must be moved ; and now the weather 
 
 mettiendns maturis uvis. Contra non est 
 
 is to be dreaded by the ripe grapes. On' the other hand there is not 
 
 nlla cultura oleis ; neque illae expectant procurvam 
 
 any cultivation to the olives ; nor do they expect the crooked 
 
 falcem que tenaces rastros, cum semel haeserunt 
 
 pruning knife and tenacious harrows, when once they are fastened 
 
 arvis, que tulerunt auras. Tellus ipsa, cum reclu- 
 
 in the fields, and have endured the air. The earth itself, when itii 
 
 ditur unco dente, sufficit humorem satis e| 
 
 opened by the crooked fork, supplies moisture for the plants and 
 
 gravidas fruges, cum vomere. Hoc 
 
 heavy fruits, vhen it is opened by the ploughshare. With this 
 
 nutritor olivam, pinguem et placitam paci. Poma 
 
 nourish the olive, rich and propitious to peace. Fruit tree* 
 
 quoque ut primum sensere valentes truncos, et habuere 
 
 also as first they felt their strong trunks, and obtain 
 
 suas vires, nituntur ad sidera raptim propriit vi f 
 
 their own strength, rise up to the stars swiftly by their own strength, 
 
 que baud indigna nostrae opis. Nee minus interea 
 
 and not unworthy of our assistance. Nevertheless in the mean time 
 
 fomne nemus gravescit fetu, que inculta aviaria 
 
 very grove is heavy with fruit, and the uncultivated retreats of bird* 
 
 rubent sanguineis baccis : cytici tondentur ; 
 
 redden" with bloody berries: the cytisus trees are cropped by tht 
 
 alta silva ministrat taedas, nocturni ignes pascuntur, 
 
 ; ibe lofty wood supplies torches, nightly fires aie fed
 
 et fundunl lumina. Et homines dubitan< 
 
 and pour out their lights And do men hesitate 
 
 serere atque impendere curam ? Quid sequar 
 
 to sow and to bestow their care? Why should I pursue 
 
 majora? salices, que humiles genistas, ills 
 
 greater subjects? willows, and the humble broom, these 
 
 sufficiunt aut frondem pecon, am umbram pastoribus, 
 
 supply either leaves for the- flock, or shade for shepherds, 
 
 que sepem satis, et pabula melh. Et juvat 
 
 and a hedge for cornfields, and food for honey. And it delights 
 
 spectare Cytorum undantem buxo, que lucos Nary- 
 
 to behold Cytorus waving with box-wood, arid groves of Nary- 
 
 ciae picis; juvat videre arva non obnoxia rastris, non 
 
 cian pine; it delights to see fields not subject to harrows, nor 
 
 ulli curae hominum. In Caucaseo vertice, steriles . .~ 
 
 to any care of men On the Caucasian mount, barren 
 
 sih'33 ipsae, quas animosi Eun assidue que frangunt 
 
 trees themselves, which the angry east winds continually both break down 
 
 que ferunl; ahae dant alios fetus; dant pinos, 
 
 and bear away, some of these produce other supplies; they produce pines, 
 
 lignum utile navigiis, que cedros que cupressos domibus. 
 
 a wood useful for ships, and cedars and cypresses for dwellings. 
 
 Hinc agricolae trivere radios rotis, hinc tympa- 
 
 Hence the farmers nave turned spokes for wheels, hence drum-shaped cover- 
 
 na plaustris, et posuere pandas carinas ratibus. 
 
 ing* for wagons, and have placed bending keels for ships 
 
 Salices fecundae viminibus, ulmi frondibus ; at myrtus 
 
 Willows are fruitful in vines, elms in leaves; but the myrtle 
 
 validis hastilibus, et cornus bona bello ; taxi torquentur 
 
 for strong epears, and the cornel is good for war, yew trees are bent 
 
 in Ityraeos arcus. Necnon leves tiliae aut buxum 
 
 into Ityrian bows. Also do the smooth lime trees or the box 
 
 rasile torno, accipiunt formara, que cavantur 
 
 polished by the turner, receive form, and they are hollowed out 
 
 acuto ferro. Necnonet levis alnus, missa ._ 
 
 by the sharp steel. Also the light alder, sent upon 
 
 Pado, innatat torrentem undam ; nee non et apes condunt 
 
 the Po, swims on the boiling wave also the bees conceal 
 
 examina cavis corticibus, que alveo vitiosae 
 
 their swarms in hollow barks, and in the cavity of a rotten 
 
 ilicis. Quid acque memorandum Bacche'ia dona tule- 
 
 oak. What equally to be commemorated have Bncchus's gifts pro- 
 
 runt ? Bacchus et dedit causas ad culpam ; ille doumit 
 
 duced? Bacchus also has given causes for blame; he has tamed 
 
 letho furentes Centauros,. que Rhretum que Pholum, et 
 
 by death the raging Centaurs, both Rhcetus and Pholus, and 
 
 [lylaeuin, minantem Lapithis magno crntere. O 
 
 HyUew. threatening the Lapttue with a great goblet. O
 
 82 
 asrricolas, nimium fortunatos, si nftrint sua bona! 
 
 fanners, to6 bappy, if they could know their own good! 
 
 quibus, procul discordibus armis, justissima tellus 
 
 to whom far from discordant arms, the most righteous earth 
 
 4fi -. ipsa fundit facilem victum humo. Si aha 
 
 herself pours forth the ready food from the ground. If the lofty 
 
 domus superbis foribus, non vomit ingentem undam 
 
 mansion with proud doors, does not pour out a great tide 
 
 salutantium mane totis acdibus ; nee inhiant 
 
 of v isitcrs in the morning from all its rooms ; nor do the)- gaze on 
 
 posies varios pulchra testudine, que vestes illusas 
 
 pillars variegated with beautiful tortoise, and dresses wrought 
 
 auro, que Ephyreia aera; nee alba lana fucalur 
 
 from gold, and Corinthian brass: nor is while wool stained 
 
 Assyrio veneno, nee usus liquidi olivi corrumpilur 
 
 with Assyrian poison, nor is the use of liquid oil corrupted 
 
 casia; at secura quies, et vita nescia fallere, dives 
 
 by cassia; but peaceful rest, and a life ignorant to deceive, rich 
 
 variarum opum ; at otia, latis fundis, speluncae, que 
 
 in varied wealth ; but leisure, at their spacious farms, grot top, and 
 
 vivi lacus ; at frigida Tempe, que mugitus bourn, que 
 
 living lakes; but the cool vale, and the lowing of oxen, and 
 
 47ft molles somni sub arbore, non absunt. Illic 
 
 soft slumbers beneath the tree, are not wanting. Therf 
 
 saltus, ac lustra ferarum ; et juventus patiens operum 
 
 are lawns, and dens of wild beasts ; and youth enduring toilr 
 
 que assueta parvo ; sacra deum que patres 
 
 and accustomed to a little ; the sacrifices of the gods and fathers 
 
 sancti. Justitia, excedens terris, fecit extrema 
 
 held in reverence. Justice, departing from the earth, placed her last 
 
 vestigia per illos. Vero dulces Musae accipiant me 
 
 footsteps Among them. But let the sweet Muses receive me 
 
 primum ante omnia, quarura sacra fero, perculsus 
 
 first before all th ing s, 'whose sacred images I bear, struck 
 
 ingenti amore, que monstrent vias cceli, et 
 
 with great love, and point out to me the ways of heaven, and 
 
 sidera, varios defectus solis, que labores 
 
 constellations, the various eclipses of ihe sun, and labours 
 
 lunae ; unde tremor terris ; qua, vi alia maria 
 
 of the moon : whence trembling to the earth; by what power the deep seas 
 
 tumescant, obicibus ruptis, que rursus residant 
 
 well, their ramparts being broken, and again settle down 
 
 4ft0 in seipsa; quid hiberni soles tantum properent 
 
 upon themselves; why the wintry suns so much hasten 
 
 tingere se oceano, vel qua? mora obslet lard is 
 
 to dip themselves in the ocean, or what delay hinders iheslow 
 
 noclibus. Sin frigidus sanguis circum prascordia obstiterit 
 
 nights. But if the cold blood around my heart prevent
 
 n pussim accedere has paries naturae, rura et ngui 
 
 Jia 1 AKoi approach these parts of nature, tot the fields and flowing 
 
 anmes in valiibus placeant mihi, inglorius aiiiem 
 
 streams in the vales please me, unhonoured let me love 
 
 flumina que siivas. O, ubi campi que Sperchius 
 
 die rivers ami the woods. O. wheie are the plains and Sperchitui 
 
 et Taygsta, bacchata Lacaenis virginibust 
 
 and Taygctus, rendered saaed to Bacchus by the Lacedemonian maids 1 
 
 0, qui sis tat me in geiidis valiibus JBmi, et protegai 
 
 0, who will place me in the cold valleys of Haemus, and protect me 
 
 jogenti umbra ramorura ? felix qui potuit 
 
 with a great shade of branches T happy i he who could 
 
 eognoscere causas rerum atque subjecit omnes raetus et 
 
 enow the causes of things and subdue all fears and 
 
 tnexorabile fatum, que strepitum avari Acherontis 
 
 implacable fate, and th noise of greedy hell beneath his 
 
 pedibus ! et iile fortunatiis qui novit agrertes Decs, qne 
 
 reel I and he is happy who knows the rtstie gods, both 
 
 Pana, que senem Silvanum, que sorores Nymphas. Non 
 
 Pan, and the old Silvanus, and the sisters Nymphs. Not 
 
 fasces populi, non purpura regum, et discordia agitans 
 
 the rods of the people, nor the purple of kings, and discord pursuing 
 
 infidos f nitres, aut Dacus descendens ab conjurato 
 
 faithless brothers, or the Dacian descending from conspiring 
 
 Istro, flexit ilium ; non Romans res, que regna 
 
 Danube, has influenced him ; nor the Roman affairs, and the kingdoms 
 
 periiura ; neque ille aut doluit miserans inopem, 
 
 about to perish ; nor did he either grieve compassionating the destitute. 
 
 aut invidit habenti. Carpsit fructus quos e ftft 
 
 or did he envy Mm possessing. He plucked the fruits which * W *' 
 
 rami, quos volentia rura ipsa tulere sot 
 
 the branches, which the willing fields themselves product* of their own 
 
 sponte ; nee vidit ferrea jura, que insanum forum, ant 
 
 accord ; nor did he see the iron laws, and the mail court, or 
 
 tabularia populi. Alii solicitant caeca frets 
 
 the public tribunals of the people. Some weary the blind sees 
 
 emis, que ruunt in ferrum, penetrant aulas et 
 
 with oars and rush upon the sword, they advance to the halls and 
 li/nina regum. Hie petit urbem que miseros Pena 
 
 palaces of kings. This man seeks a city and its miserable hoast 
 
 tes excidiis, ut bibat gemmi, et dormiat 
 
 hold god* with destruction, that he may drink from gems, and sleep 
 
 Sarran.j ostro. Alius condit opes quo incubat 
 en Tyrian purple. Another conceals wealth and broods ove> 
 
 defosso auro. Hie stupet, attonitas 
 
 buried gold. This one becomes giddy. astonished tystejTurw 
 
 rostrie ; plausus que plebif que patnun per 
 
 it the resirs 1 applause both of the peobla ar^ tht (athert th r . ;. t
 
 84 
 cuneos (enim gcminatur) corripuit hunc hiantem . 
 
 Uw benches (fbr it is redoubled) lias seized this man gaping: 
 
 gaudent, perfusi sanguine fratrum, que 
 
 they rejoice, sprinkled with the blood of their brothers, and 
 
 mutant domos et dulcia limina exilio, atque quajrunt 
 
 ezcliange their homes and sweet dwellings for exile, and seek 
 
 patrinm jacentem sub alio sole. Agricola dimovit 
 
 a country lying beneath another sun. The farmer has removed 
 
 terram incurvo aratro : hinc labor anni : hinc 
 
 the earth with his crooked plough : hence the labour of the year : hence 
 
 sustinet patriam, que parvos nepotes : hinc armenta bourn, 
 
 he upholds his country, and his little offspring: hence bis herds of oxen, 
 
 que meritos juvencos. Nee requies, quin annua 
 
 and deserving bullocks. Nor t there rest, but the year 
 
 exuberet aut pomis, aut fetu pecorum, aut mergite 
 
 abouuds either in fruits, or the produce of cattle, or the bundles 
 
 Cerealis culmi ; que oneret sulcos proventu, atque 
 
 of Ceres' straw; and loads the furrows with provision, and 
 
 vincat horrea. Hiems venit; Sicyonia bacca 
 
 overloads the barns. The winter comes; the Sicyonian berry 
 
 teritur trapetis, sues laeti glande redeunt ; 
 
 is pounded in oil presses, swine rejoiced with mast return ; 
 
 B2f) 6 ^ vae dant arbuta; et autumnus ponit varios 
 
 the woods produce arbutes: and the autumn lays by its varied 
 
 fetus ; et mitis vindemia coquitur alte in apricis saxis. 
 
 fruits; ja*A the mild vintage is ripened high up on the sunny rocks. 
 
 Intcrca dulces nati pendent circum oscula, 
 
 In the mean time sweet children bang around the kisses of their pa- 
 
 casta domus eervat pudicitiam ; vaccae deraittunl 
 
 rente, the chaste family preserves its modesty: heifers bang down 
 
 lactea ubera ; que pingues hcedi luctantur inter se 
 
 their milky udders; and the fat kids struggle among themselves 
 
 adversis cornibus in laeto gramiue. Ipse agitat 
 
 with opposing horns upon the joyful grass. He passes 
 
 festos dies ; que fusus per herbam, ubi ignis in 
 
 his feast days ; and stretched upon the grass, where a fire teas in 
 
 medio, et socii coronant cratera ; libans vocat 
 
 the midst, and his companions crown the goblet ; pouring forth he invoke* 
 
 te, Lenaee ; que ponit magistris pecoris certamina 
 
 thee, O Bacchus; and places to the masters' of the flock contests 
 
 Koft velocis jaculi in ulmo; qne nudat praedura 
 
 ***" of the swift dart on tbeelni; and lays bare his hardy 
 
 corpora agresti palsestrS.. Veteres Sabini olim co- 
 
 body for the rustic wrestling match. The ancient Sa bines formerly cut- 
 
 luere hanc vitam, et Remus et frater hanc : 
 
 tivated this joyoui life, and Remus and his brother observed Mm: 
 
 sic fortis Etruria crevh ; scilicet Roma est facta pulcher- 
 
 thus bravo Etruria increased; for Rome is become the most
 
 85 
 <ima rerura, que una circumdedit septem arces sibi 
 
 beautiful of things, and alone has surrounded seven towers to herself 
 
 muro. Etiam ante sceptrum Dicteei regis, et antequam 
 
 by a wall. Also before the sceptre of the Dictean king, and before 
 
 impia gens epulata est csesis juvencis, aureus Saturnua 
 
 the impious race feasted on slain bullocks, golden Saturn 
 
 agebat hanc vitam in terris. Necdum etiam audierant 
 
 passed this life on the earth. Nor yet also had they beard 
 
 classica inflari ; necdum enses impositos duris R , n 
 
 that trumpets were blown ; nor yet that sword placed on hard "*" 
 
 incudibus crepitare. Sed nos confecimus immensum 
 
 anvils rattled. But we have completed this immeasurable) 
 
 aequor spatiis, et jam tempus solvere fumantia 
 
 plain with its boundaries, and now it is time to free the smoking 
 colla equum. 
 necks of our horses. 
 
 BOOK III. 
 
 CANEMVS te quoque, magna Pales, et te, 
 
 WE will sing thee also, O great Pales, and thee, Apollo, 
 
 pastor memorande ab Amphryso ; vos silvse, que 
 
 O shepherd to be commemorated by Amphrysus ; ye woods, and 
 
 amnes Lycaei. Omnia caetera carmina, quae lenuis- 
 
 st reams ofLycseus. AH other songs, which might have 
 
 sent vacuas mentes, jam vulgata. Quis nescit 
 
 occupied empty minds, now are rendered common. Who is ignorant of 
 
 aut durum Eurysthea, aut aras illaudati Busiridis ? 
 
 either severe Eurystheus, or the altars of the unworthy Busiris?. 
 
 Cui Hylas puer non dictus, et Latonia Delos, 
 
 By whom bag Hylas the youth not been sung, and Latonian Delos, 
 
 que Hippodame, que Pelops insignis eburno humero, 
 
 and Hippodame, and Pelops remarkable for his ivory shoulder, 
 
 acer equis ? via est tentanda qua possim 
 
 bold and victorious with horses ? the way is to be attempted by which I may* 
 
 tollere me quoque humo, que victor, 
 
 raise myself also from the ground, and a conqueror byfamt 
 
 voliiare per ora virum. Ego primue, rediens . fl 
 
 fly through the mouths of men. 1 first, returning lu 
 
 A.onio vertice, deducam Musas mecum in patriam, 
 
 from th Aonian mount, will lead the Mums with me into my country
 
 36 
 (modo vita supersit) primus referam Idumaeas palma* 
 
 (if life remain) first I will restore the Idumean palms 
 
 tibi, Mantua, et in viridi campo, ponam templum de 
 
 to thee, O Mantua, and on the green plain, I will place a temple ol 
 
 marmore propter aquam, ubi ingens Mincius errat tardis 
 
 marble near the water, where great Mincius wanders in slow 
 
 flexibus, et praetexit ripas tcnerii arundine. In 
 
 windings, and has lined its banks with the tender reed. la 
 
 medio erit mihi Caesar, que tenebit templum. Illi 
 
 the midst shall be my Cisar, and he shall hold the temple. To him 
 
 ego, victor, et conspectus in Tyrio ostro, agitabo 
 
 I, a conqueror, and conspicuous in Tyrian purple, will dive 
 
 centum quadrijugos currus ad flumina. Mihi cuncta 
 
 au hundred four horsed chariots by the rivera. For me all 
 
 Graecia, linquens Alpheum, que lucos Molorchi, decer- 
 
 Greece, leaving Alpheua, and the groves of Molorchus, shall con- 
 
 2 ~ net cursibus et crudo caestu. Ipse, ornatus 
 
 tend in race-courses and the raw gauntlet, /myself, having adorned 
 
 caput foliis tonsae olivae, feram dona. Jam nunc 
 
 my head with leaves of shorn olive, will bear gifts. Even now 
 
 juvat ducere solennes pompas ad delubra, que videre 
 
 it delights me to lead solemn pomps to the temples, and to sea 
 
 caesos juvencos ; vel ut scena discedat frontibus versis, 
 
 slain bullocks ; or as the scene withdraws with fronts inverted, 
 
 que ut intexti Britanni tollant purpurea aulxa. In 
 
 and as the interwoven Britons raise the purple curtains. Upon 
 
 foribus, faciam, ex auro que solido elephanto, pugnam 
 
 the doon, I will form, from gold and solid ivory, the battle 
 
 Gangaridum, que arma victoris Quirini ; atque hie 
 
 of the Giants, and the arms of victorious duirinus; and here 
 
 Niluni, undantem bello, que magnum fluentem, ac 
 
 the Nile, waving with war, and majestic flowing, and 
 
 columnas surgentes navali aere. Addam domitas urbes 
 
 the columns rising with naval brass. I will add the conquered cities 
 
 Asiae, que pulsum Niphatem, que Parthum fidentem 
 
 "" of Asia, and beaten Niphates, and the Parthian trusting 
 
 fug& que versis sagittis ; et duo tropaea, rapta 
 
 in flight and his inverted arrows ; and two trophies, snatcheti 
 
 manu ex diverso hoste, que gentes bis triumphatas 
 
 by the band from a different foe, and nations twice triumphed over 
 
 ab utroque litore. Et Parii lapides stabunt spirantia 
 
 from each shore. And Parian marbles shall stand as if breathing 
 
 fiigna, proles Assaraci, que nomina gentis demissae ab 
 
 statues, the offspring of Assaracus, and the names of the nation descended from 
 
 Jove, que Tros parens, et Cynthius auctor 
 
 Jove, both Tros the parent of Rome, and Cynthian Jlpollo the founder 
 
 Trojae. Infelix invidia metuet Furias, que severum 
 
 of Troy Wretched envy shall fear the Furies, and the crud
 
 87 
 Cocyti, que tortos angues Ixionis, quc 
 
 fiver of Cocytua, and the wreathed snakes of Ixion. and 
 
 unman em rotam et saxum non exsuperabile. 
 
 the dreadful wheel and the atone not to be surmounted. 
 
 Interea sequamur silvas Dryadum, que 
 
 In the mean time let us follow the woods of the Dryads, and ^ 
 
 Baltus intactos: tua baud mollia jussa, Maecenas. 
 
 the lawns untouched thy not gentle commands, O Meecenaa. 
 
 Mens inchoat nil ahum sine te : en, age, 
 
 My mind attempts nothing exalted without thee- lo. come on, 
 
 rumpe segnes moras ; Cithaeron vocat ingenti clamore, 
 
 break through slothful delays ; Cithteion calls you with great cry, 
 
 que canes Taygeti, que Epidaurus domitrix equorum ; 
 
 and the dogs of Taygetus, and Epidaurus the subduer of horses , 
 
 et vox ingeminata assensu nemorum remugit. 
 
 and a voice redoubling by the assent of the groves re-echoes. 
 
 Tamen mox accingar dicere ardentes pugnas 
 
 Vet presently I shall be prepared losing the glowing battles 
 
 Caesaris, et t'erre fama nomen per tot annos, 
 
 of Csesar. and to carry by fame Ai* name through -so many yeare, 
 
 quot Caesar abest ab prima origine Tithoni. Seu 
 
 as Cffisar is distant from the first origin ofTithonus. Wbcthci 
 
 quis, miratus praemia Olympiacae palmae, pascit equos, 
 
 anyone, admiring the rewards of the Olympic palm. feeds horses, 
 
 seu quis fortes juvencos ad aratra, ^ n 
 
 whether any one feeds strong bullocks for the plough, "" 
 
 legal praecipue corpora matrum. Forma bovis 
 
 let him choose especially the bodies of mothers. The form of the heile 
 
 optima cui caput turpe, cui cervix plurima, et 
 
 is best whose bead is rough, whose neck is large, and vhose 
 
 palearia pendent a mento tcnus crurum ; turn nullus 
 
 dewlaps hang from her chin down to her legs ; then there is no 
 
 modus longo lateri; omnia magna; .pes etiam, 
 
 measure to her long side, all things arc (urge; her foot even, 
 
 et hirtae aures sub camuns cornibus. Nee 
 
 and her rough ears beneath her crooked horns. Nor 
 
 vacca insigms maculis et albo, displiceat mihi, 
 
 let the heifer distinguished for spots and white, displease me, 
 
 aut detrectans juga, que mterdum aspera cornu, et 
 
 or refusing the yoke, and sometimes rude with her horn, and 
 
 faciem propior tauro, que quae tota ardua, et gra- 
 in her face nearer to a bull, and which is entirely high, and walk- 
 
 diens verrit vestigia ima caudii. JEtas -^ 
 
 ing she sweeps her footsteps with the end of her tail The age 
 
 pati Lucmam que justos Hymenaeos desinit ante 
 
 to endure Lucina and just marriage rites ends before 
 
 decem, incipit post quatuor annos ; caetera nee 
 
 ten, begins after four years, tne other age u nciihef
 
 88 
 habilis feturae, nee fortis aratris. Interea dum 
 
 fit for breeding, nor strong for the ploughs. In the mean time while 
 
 laeta juventus superat gregibus, solve mares ; primus 
 
 ioyful youth abounds in the flocks, let loose the males; first 
 
 mitte pecuaria in Venerem, et suffice aliam prolem ex 
 
 send forth your cattle to Love. and supply one offspring from, 
 
 alia generando. Quaeque optima dies revi pnma fugit 
 
 another by breeding. Each beat day of life first flies 
 
 miseris mortalibus ; morbi, que tristis senectus, et 
 
 from wretched mortals; diseases, and sad old age, and 
 
 labor, subeunt ; et inclementia durae mortis rapit. 
 
 labour, succeed ; and the cruelty of hard death bean them off 
 
 Erunt semper quarum corpora malis mutari 
 
 There will be always those whose bodies you may wish to be Chang 
 
 ,y ft enim semper refice, ac, ne post requirae 
 
 therefore always repair them, and, leat afterwards you should seek. 
 
 amissa anteveni, et sortire sobolem armento 
 
 them w hen lost anticipate, and choose out an offspring from the hert 
 
 quotannis. Necnon et idem delectus est equino pecori 
 
 yearly. Likewise the same choice is to the horse flock. 
 
 Tu modo impende praecipuum laborem jam inde 21 
 
 Do you now pay especial attention even thence front 
 
 teneris quos statues submittere in spen> 
 
 their tender yean to those which you shall determine to bring up for the hopu 
 
 gentis. Continuo pullus generosi pecoris ingreditui 
 
 of the race. Immediately the colt of a generous flock walkii 
 
 altius in arvis, et reponit mollia crura ; primus aude* 
 
 higher in the fields, and replaces his pliant legs ; first he dares 
 
 et ire viam, et tentare minaces fluvios, et committert, 1 
 
 also to go the way. and to attempt the threatening rivers, and to trust 
 
 sese ignoto ponti ; nee horret vanos.strepitus. 
 
 himself to an unknown bridge; nor does he dread vain noise*.*. 
 
 Illi ardua cervix, que argutum caput, brevis alvus, que 
 
 To him is a lofty neck, and sharp head, short belly, ano 
 
 fift obesa terga ; que animosum pectus luxunat toris. 
 
 fat back ; and his bold breast swells out with folds. 
 
 Spadices que glauci honesti ; deternmus color 
 
 The brown and dark grey are becoming; the worst colour t 
 
 albis, et gilvo. Turn si qua arma dedere sonum 
 
 to the white, and to the dun. Then if any arma have given a sound 
 
 procul, nescit stare loco, micat auribus, 
 
 afar off, he knows not to stand in his place, he moves quickly with his ears, 
 
 et tremit artus, que premens collectum ignem, volvit 
 
 and trembles in his joints, and restraining the collected fire, he rolls it 
 
 *ub naribus. Juba densa, et jactata, recumbit in 
 
 under his nostrils. His mane is thick, and thrown about, -rests upon 
 
 dextro armo. At duplex spina agitur per lumbos, 
 
 Bis right shoulder But a double spine runs along his loiw.
 
 que ungula cavat tellurem, et graviter sonat solido 
 
 and his hoof hollows out the earth, and heavily sounds with solid 
 
 corau. Talis fuit Cyllarus, domitus habems Amy- ^ 
 
 horn. Such was Cyllarus. subdued by the reins of Amy- *'" 
 
 claei Pollucis, et bijuges equi Martis, quorum Graii 
 
 clzan Pollux. and the yoked horses of Mars. whom the Grecian 
 
 poetae meminere, et currus magni Achillis. Talis 
 
 poets commemorate, and the chariot horses of great Achilles. Such 
 
 et pernix Saturnus ipse effudit jubam equin& 
 
 also swift Saturn himself spread his mane on his horse-assumed 
 
 cervice, adventu conjugis, et fugiens, implevit a] turn 
 
 nock. at the coming of his wife, and flying, filled lofty 
 
 Pelion acuto hinnitu. Abde hunc domo, quoque 
 
 Pelion with sharp neighing. Shut him in the stable, also 
 
 ubi aut gravis morbo, aut jam segnior annis deficit, 
 
 when either heavy by sickness, or now more slothful by years he fails, 
 
 ignosce senectee nee turpi. Senior frigidus in Venerem, 
 
 pardon old age not degraded. Being older he is cold in love, 
 
 que fruslra trahit ingratum laborem ; et, si quando 
 
 and in vain he prolongs the thankless toil ; and, if at any time 
 
 est ventum ad prcelia, ut quondam magnus ignis sine 
 
 he comes to the contest, aa when a great fire without 
 
 viribus, in stipulis ; furit incassum. Ergo 
 
 strength, rages in the stubble , so lie rages powerless. Therefore 
 
 notabis animos que aevum praecipue ; hinc ,Q 
 
 you will mark their courage and age especially; afterward AUU 
 
 alias artes, que prolem parentum, et quis dolor 
 
 ether qualities, and the race of their parents, and what sorrow i 
 
 cuique victo, quae gloria palmae. Nonne vides? 
 
 to each when conquered, what glory of victory Do you not see 1 
 
 cum, praecipiti certamine, currus corripuere campum, que 
 
 when, in swift strife, chariots have seized the plain, and 
 
 ruunt effusi carcere ; cum spes juvenum arrectae, 
 
 rush pouring forth from the goal ; when the hopes of the youth are raised, 
 
 que pulsans pavor haurit exsultantia corda; illi instant 
 
 and panting fear exhausts their exulting hearts; they urge on 
 
 torto verbere, et proni, dant lora; axis 
 
 with the twisted lash, and bending forward, they give the reins ; the axle 
 
 fervidus vi volat; que jam humiles, que jam elati 
 
 glowing with violence flies; and now low, and now raised 
 
 sublime, videntur ferri per vacuum aera, atque 
 
 high, they seem to be borne through the vacant air, and 
 
 assurgere in auras. Nee mora nee requies ; , , 
 
 to rise to the skies. Neither delay nor rest is granted than ; 
 
 at nimbus fulvae arenae tollitur; humescunt spumis que 
 
 cut a cloud of yellow sand is raised ; they are moist with foam and 
 
 flatu sequentflm ; tantus amor laudum, victoria 
 
 the breathing of those following, so great is the love of praise, victory
 
 90 
 
 est tantae curae. Euchthonius primus ausus jungere 
 Is so great a care. Enchthonius first dared to joia 
 
 r.urrus et quatuor equos, que victor insistcre rapidia 
 
 chariots and four. horses, and victorious to real on the rapid 
 
 rotis. Pelethronii Lapithae, impositi dorso, 
 
 wheels. The Pelelhronian La pi the, placed upon the back of the konet, 
 
 dedere fraena que g vros atque docuere 
 
 applied the reins and taught him his turnings, and instructed 
 
 equitem sub armis insultare solo, et glomerare 
 
 the horseman under arms to leap over the ground, and to gather up 
 
 superbos gressus. Uterque labor est acquus ; magistri 
 
 his proud steps. Each labour is equal ; the master! 
 
 I2ft aeque exquirunt que juvenem, que calidum 
 
 **^ equally seek out a hone both youthful, and warmed 
 
 animis; et acrem cursibus ; quamvis ille 
 
 with courage, and swift in the course ; not an old one, although be 
 
 saepe egerit hostes versos fugft, et referat Epirum 
 
 often has driven the foes turned in flight, and may boast Epirua 
 
 patriam, que fortes Mycenas, que deducat gentem 
 
 for his country, and brave Mycenas, and derive bis race 
 
 origine Neptuni ipsa. His animadversis, instant 
 
 from the origin of Neptune itself. These things being observed, they atteud 
 
 sub tempus, et impendunt curas distendere 
 
 about the time of generation, and they direct their cares to swell Aim out 
 
 denso pingui, quern legere ducem, et 
 
 with firm fat flesh, whom they have chosen a leader, and 
 
 dixere maritum pecori ; que secant pubenles herbas, 
 
 have declared the husband to the herd ; and they cut up young herbs, 
 
 que ministrant ilu vios, que farra ; ne nequeat superesse 
 
 and supply water. and provender; lest he cannot survive 
 
 blando labori, que invalidi nati referant jejunia 
 
 the pieasant toil, and the weak offspring should resemble the leanness 
 
 patrum. Autem volentes tenuant armenta ipsa 
 
 of their sires. But they who wish it make lean the breed mares themselves 
 
 ,of) macie. Atque, ubi jam nota voluptas 
 
 *"" by abstinence. And, when now the known pleasure 
 
 solicitat primes concubilus, que negant frondes, et 
 
 invites the first connexion, both they deny to them leaves, and 
 
 arcent fontibus ; saepe etiam quatiunt cursu, 
 
 drive them from the fountains ; often also they drive them in the race. 
 
 et fatigant sole, cum area gemit graviter 
 
 and weary then in the sun, when the barn-floor groans heavily 
 
 tunsis frugibus, et cum inanes paleae jactantur ad 
 
 with beaten fruits, and when the empty straw * is thrown about to 
 
 surgentem Zephyrum. Faciunt hoc, ne nimio luxu 
 
 the rising west wind. They do this, lest by too much luxury 
 
 eit obtusior usus genitali arvo, et oblimel 
 
 there may be a too weak use in the genital soil, and it make luL 1
 
 91 
 
 inertes sulcos ; sed sitiens rapiat Venerem, que recondat 
 
 the sluggish passages ; but eager may seize enjoyment, and store it 
 
 intcnus. Rursus, cura patrum cadere, et matrum 
 
 within. Again, the care of sires begins to fall off, and of mother* 
 
 succedere, cum errant gravidae, mensibus exactis. Non 
 
 to succeed. when they wander teeming, the months being passed. Let not 
 
 quisquam passus sit illas ducere juga gravibus ,.~ 
 
 any one suffer them to drag the yokes in heavy "" 
 
 plaustris, non superare viam saltu, et carpere prata 
 
 wagons. nor to pass over the way by leaping, and to run over the meadow* 
 
 acri fuga, que innare rapaces fluvios. Pascant in 
 
 in swift flight, and to swim over the rapid rivers. Let them feed in 
 
 vacuis saltibus, et secundum plena flumina, ubi muscus, 
 
 .he vacant lawns, and near to the full rivers, where there is moss, 
 
 et ripa viridissima gramine, que speluncae tegant 
 
 and a bank most green with grass, and caves may protect tkem 
 
 et umbra saxea procubet. Est, circa lucos Silari, 
 
 and the shade of a rock may lie over tkem. There is, about the groves of Silarus, 
 
 que Alburnum, virentem ilicibus, plurimus volitans, 
 
 and Alburnus, verdant with holm trees, a very abundant flying 
 
 cui asylo est Romanum nomen, Graii vocantes 
 
 insect, to which asylua is the Roman name, the Greeks naming 
 
 vertere cestron, asper, sonans, acerba, quo 
 
 have translated it osstron, a creature rough, noisy, harsh, by which 
 
 tola armenta exterrita, diffugiunt silvis, aether con- ,-Q 
 
 whole herds terrified, fly from the woods, the air 
 
 cussus mugitibus furit, que silvae, et ripa sicci 
 
 Khaken by their bellowing rages, and the woods, and the bank of the dry 
 
 Tanagri. Juno, meditata pestem Inachiae juvencae, 
 
 Tanagrus. Juno, meditating destruction to the Inachian heifer, 
 
 quondam exercuit horribiles iras hoc monstro. Arcebia 
 
 formerly executed direful anger on this monster You will drive 
 
 hunc quoque gravido pecori (nam acrior instat 
 
 this likewise from the teeming flock (for more fierce it threaten! 
 
 mediis fervoribus), que pasces armenta, sole recens 
 
 in the midst of the heat), and you will feed the herds, the sun newly 
 
 orto, aut astris ducentibus noetem. Post par turn, 
 
 having arisen, or the stars leading on the night. After the birth, 
 
 omnis cura traducitur in vitulos ; que continuo murunt 
 
 all the care is transferred to the calves ; and forthwith they brand 
 
 notas et nomina gentis ; et quos nialint 
 
 tn them the marks and names of the race; and those which they may wish 
 
 aut submittere habendo pecori aut servare sacros 
 
 cither to keep for breed for preserving the flock or to keep sacred 
 
 aris, aut scindere terram, et.invertere campum ,,, 
 
 for the altars, or to cut up the earth, and to upturn the plain 
 
 horrentem fractis glebis ; caetera armenta pascuntur per 
 
 nuch with broken clods; the other herds feed through
 
 92 
 
 virides herbas. Jam hortare vitulos, quos tu formabis 
 
 the green grata. Now encourage the calves, which you will form 
 
 ad studium atque agrestem usum, que insists viam domandi 
 
 for labour and rustic use. and enter on the way of taming 
 
 dum animi juvenum faciles, N dum actas 
 
 them while the dispositions of the young are tender, while their age 
 
 mobilis. Ac primum subnecte cervici laxos circulos do 
 
 is plastic. And first bind to their neck loose collars of 
 
 tenui vimine : dehinc ubi colla libera assuerint 
 
 the tender vine : then when their necks before free shall have been used 
 
 servitio, junge pares juvencos aptos e torquibus 
 
 to servitude, unite in pairs your bullocks fitted from the chain* 
 
 ipsis, et coge conferre gradum ; atque jam 
 
 hemselves, and compel them to lift together their step; and now 
 
 ,_ ft saepe inanes rotae ducantur illis per terram, et 
 
 A '" often let empty wheels be drawn by them along the ground, and 
 
 signent vestigia summo pulvere. Post 
 
 lt them stamp their footsteps on the surface of the sand. Afterward! 
 
 faginus axis, nitens sub valido pondere, 
 
 let the beechen axle, struggling beneath the powerful weight, 
 
 instrepat, et sereus temo trahat junctos orbes. 
 
 creak, and let the brazen beam drag the united wheels. 
 
 Interea carpes non gramina tantum indomitae pubi, 
 
 In the mean time you will pluck not grass alone for the unbroken young 
 
 nec vescas frondes salicum, que palustrem ulvam, 
 
 bullock, nor the esculent leaves of willows, and the mar.=hy sea gran, 
 
 sed sata frumenta, manu : nec fetae vaccae, 
 
 but springing corn, with your hand : nor will the teeming heifers, 
 
 more patrum, implebunt tibi nivea mulo- 
 
 in the manner of your fathers, fill for you the snowy in ilk- 
 
 tralia, sed consument tota ubera in dulces natos. 
 
 pails, but expend all their udders upon their fond offspring. 
 
 Sin studium magis ad bellum, que feroces turmas, 
 
 But if your desire is rather for war, and fierce troops, 
 
 , ftn aut praelabi Alphea flumina Pisae rotis, et 
 
 ^"^ or to glide bytheAlphean streams of Pisa with wheels, and 
 
 agitare volantes currus in luco Jovis > primus labor 
 
 to drive flying chariots in the grove of Jupiter; the first toil 
 
 equi est videre animos atque arma bellantum, que 
 
 of the horse is to behold the animation and weapons of warriors, and 
 
 pati lituos, que ferre rotam gementem tractu, 
 
 to endure trumpets, and to sustain the wheel groaning in the space, 
 
 et audire sonantes fraenos stabulo ; turn magis atque 
 
 and hear the sounding reins in the stable; then more and 
 
 magis gaudere blandis laudibus migistri, et amare 
 
 more to be pleased with the flattering praises of his mas*r, and to delight 
 
 sonitum plausae cervicis. Atque audiat haec 
 
 in the sound of the patted neck. And let him hear
 
 93 
 
 jam primo depulsus ab ubere matris, que in vicem 
 
 now when first weaned from the udder of his mother, and in turn, 
 
 det ora mollibus capistris invalidus, que etiam 
 
 let him yield bis mouth to the pliant bead-stalls yet being weak, and even 
 
 tremens, etiam mscms aevi. At ubi 
 
 trembling, also unconscious from the inexperience of his age. But when 
 
 quarta aestas accesserit, tribus exactis, mox | Qft 
 
 Hie fourth summer has advanced, three being completed, presently "" 
 
 incipiat carpere gyrum, que sonare compositis gradibus, 
 
 let him begin to take the ring, and to beat in measured steps. 
 
 que sinuet alterna volumina crurum ; que sit similis 
 
 and let him bend the alternate joints of his legs; and be- like 
 
 laboranti. Turn provocet auras cursibus ; ac volans 
 
 to one labouring. Then let him challenge the winds in swiftness; and flying 
 
 per aperta aequora^ ceu liber habenis, vix ponat 
 
 through the open plains, as free from the reins, hardly let him place 
 
 vestigia summa arena. Qualis cum densus Aquilo 
 
 his footsteps on the surface of the sand. As when the continual north wind 
 
 incubuit ab Hyperboreis oris, que difFert hieriies 
 
 has come over from the nortnern coasts, and scatters the storms 
 
 Scythiae atque arida nubila ; turn alias segetes, que 
 
 of Scythia and the dry clouds ; then the high corn-fields, and 
 
 natantes campi, horrescunt lenibus flabris, que summae 
 
 waving plains, shudder from gentle blasts, and the tops of 
 
 silvae dant sonorem, que longi fluctus urgent 9n ~ 
 
 the woods give forth a sound, and the extended waves hasten *"" 
 
 ad litora. Ille volat verrens simul arva, si- 
 
 to the shores. He flies sweeping at the same time the fields, at the 
 
 mul aequora fuga. Hie vel ad metas et 
 
 same time the seas in his flight. He either at the boundaries and 
 
 maxima spatia Elei campi sudabit, et 
 
 the most extended race-grounds of the Elean plain will sweat, and 
 
 aget cruentas spumas ore, vel melius feret 
 
 force bloody foam from his mouth, or more kindly will draw 
 
 Belgica esseda molli collo. Turn demum sinito 
 
 the Belgic chariot by his soft neck. Tfien at length permit 
 
 magnum corpus crescere jam domitis, crassa 
 
 a great body to grow to them aow tamed, from thickening 
 
 farragine ; namque ante domandum, tollcnt 
 
 provender; for if fattened before they are subdued, they will exert 
 
 ingentes animos, que prensi negabunt pati lenta 
 
 too great courage, and when reined will refuse to endure the slender 
 
 verbera, et parere duris lupatis. Sed non ulla industria 
 
 lash, and to obey the hard bits. But not any attention 
 
 magis firmat vires, quam avertere Venerem, et 
 
 more establishes their strength, than to prevent luat, and 
 
 etimulos caeci amoris, sive usus bourn, ., 
 
 thr; ?rovxat res of blinding love, whether the care of oxen, ^"
 
 94 
 sive equorum est gratior cui. Atque ideo rele- 
 
 or of horses is more grateful to any one. And thus they Bend 
 
 gant tauros procul, atque in sola pascua, post 
 
 away the built afar. even into the lonely pasture*, behind 
 
 oppositum roontem, et trans lata flumina, aut servant 
 
 an intervening mountain, and across broad rivers. or keep tftcm 
 
 clauses intus ad fiatura praesepia : enim femina carpit 
 
 shut up within at the fattening stalls for the female consume* 
 
 vires paulatim, que- urit videndo, nee patitur 
 
 his strength by degrees, aud burns him by seeing, nor does she permit him 
 
 memmisse nemorura nee herbae. Ilia quidem dulcibus 
 
 to remember the groves nor the grass She indeed by bland 
 
 illecebris et saepe subigit superbos am antes decernere 
 
 allurements even often compels her proud lovers to fight 
 
 inter se cornibus. Formosa juvenca pascitur in 
 
 among themselves with their horns. A fair heifer is fed within 
 
 22ft ma g n ^ silva ; illi alternantes multa vi, 
 
 an extensive forest ; they, i.e. the bulls, alternately with great violence, 
 
 miscent proelia crebris vulneribus : ater sanguis lavit 
 
 join battle with frequent wounds : blackening blood bathes 
 
 corpora; que cornua versa, urgentur in ob- 
 
 their bodies ; and their horns being inclined, are driven against their 
 
 nixos cum vasto gemitu ; que silvae et magnus 
 
 triving/0e* with great groaning; and the woods and great 
 
 Olympus reboant. Nee mos stabulare bellantes 
 
 Olympus resound. Nor is it the custom to stable the warring bulls 
 
 una; sed alter victus abit, que exsulat longe 
 
 together; but the one conquered departs, and goes to exile far oil' 
 
 ignotis ons, multa gemens ignominiam, que plagas 
 
 to unknown coasts, much lamenting his degradation, and the blow* 
 
 superbi victoris, turn amores quos inultus amisit; 
 
 of his haughty conqueror, as also the loves which unavenged he has lost ; 
 
 et aspectans stabula, excessit avitis regnis. 
 
 and beholding the stables, be departs from his ancestral realms. 
 
 Ergo exercet vires omni cura, et pernox jacet 
 
 Therefore he exerts his strength with all care, and by night he lies 
 
 instrato cubili inter dura saxa, pastus hirsutis 
 
 on an unspread couch amidst hard rocks, having fed on rough 
 
 frondibus et acuta carice ; et tentat sese, atque discit 
 
 leaves and prickly sedge ; and he tries himself, and learns 
 
 irasci in cornua, obnixus trunco arbons ; que 
 
 to be angry against bis horns, striving against the trunk of a tree, and 
 
 lacessit ventos ictibus, et prolu'dit ad pugnam sparsa 
 
 assail* the winds with blows, and flourishes to the fight with sprinkled 
 
 arena. Post, ubi robur collectum, que vires 
 
 and. Afterward*, when bis strength is collected, and his power* 
 
 reeeptae, movet eigna, que praeceps fertur in 
 
 are recovered, be advance* the standard, and headlong is borne upoo
 
 oblitum hostem; ut fluctus cum coepit albesrcre in 
 
 Jus forgetful foe; as a wave when it has begun to whiten in 
 
 medio ponto, traliit sinum longius, que ex alto que ut 
 
 the midst of the sea, draws a train farther, and from the deep and as 
 
 volutus ad terras, sonat immane per saxa, nee minor 
 
 rolled to the land, sounds wonderfully through the rocks, nor less 
 
 monte ipso procumbit; at ima unda exaestuat 
 
 than a mountain itself falls ; but the low wave boils 
 
 vorticibus, que subjectat nigram arenam alte. 
 
 in whirlpools, and raises the black sand on high. *'*0 
 
 A.deo omne genus in terris, que hominum que ferarum, 
 
 Thus every kind on the earth, both of men and of wild beasts, 
 
 et aequoreum genus, pecudes, que pictae volucres, ruunt 
 
 and the watery race, the flocks, and painted birds, rush 
 
 in furias que ignem : idem amor omnibus. Non 
 
 into the madness and fire of love : the same love is to all. Not 
 
 alio tempore leaena, oblita catulorum, saevior 
 
 at any other time has the lioness, forgetful of her whelps, more savage 
 
 erravit in agris ; nee informes ursi dedere vulgo 
 
 wandered in the fields; nor have deformed bears caused everywhere 
 
 tarn multa funera que stragem per silvas : turn aper 
 
 so many deaths and such slaughter through the woods: then the boar 
 
 saevus, turn tigris pessima. Heu ! turn male 
 
 is fierce, then the tiger is most ravenous. Alas 1 then unsafely 
 
 erratur in solis agris Libyae. Nonne vides, ut 
 
 men wander in the lonely fields of Libya. Do you not see, how 
 
 tremor pertentet tota corpora equorum, si 2 _~ 
 
 trembling thrills through all the bodies of the horses, if ** 
 
 (an turn odor attulit notas auras ? Ac jam . neque 
 
 only smell has brought the well known air? And "now neither 
 
 fraena virum, neque saeva verbera, non scopuli que cavje 
 
 the reins of men, nor cruel lashes, nor clifls and hollow 
 
 rupes, atque objecta flumina, torquentia monies cor- 
 
 rocks, and intervening streams, twisting down mountains borne 
 
 reptos unda retardant eos. Sabellicus sus ipse 
 
 away by the wave retard them. The Sabellian boar himsel! 
 
 ruit, que exacuit denies, et prosubigit terram pede, 
 
 rushes out, and sharpens his teeth, and tears up the earth with his foot, 
 
 fricat costas arbore, atque durat humeros hinc atque 
 
 he rubs his ribs with a tree, and hardens his shoulders on this side and 
 
 illinc ad vulnera. Quid juvenis cui durus amor 
 
 on that to wounds. What does the youth on whom cruel love 
 
 versat magnum ignem in ossibus ? nempe serus caecd 
 
 exercises its powerful fire in his bones? why indeed late in 'he dark 
 
 noete natat freta, turbata abruptis procellis, super 
 
 night he swims the straits, disturbed by bursting storms, over 
 
 quern ingens porta coeli tonat, et aequora 
 
 whom the great gate of heaven thunders, and the seas
 
 96 
 
 illisa scopulis reclamant : nee possum misen 
 
 dashed against rocks resound nor can his miserable 
 
 parentes revocare, nee virgo moritura super 
 
 parents recall Aim, nor the maid about to die on account o. 
 
 crudeli funere. Quid variae lynccs Bacchi, et acre 
 
 his cruel death. What do the spotted lynxes of Bacchus, and the fierco 
 
 genus luporum atque canum ? quid cervi, quae proelia 
 
 race of wolves and of dogs dot what the stags, what contest! 
 
 imbelles dant? Scilicet ante omnes furor equarum 
 
 dothey being weak give? Truly in comparison of all the madness of mare* 
 
 est insignis : et Venus ipsa dedit mentem, quo 
 
 is distinguished: and Venus herself has given this disposition, at what 
 
 tempore Potniades quadrigae absumpsere membra Glauci 
 
 time the Potnian marcs consumed the limbs ofGlaucua 
 
 malis. Amor ducit illas trans Gargara, que trans sonan- 
 
 wi th their jaws. Love leads them across Gargarua, and over there- 
 
 tern Ascanium : superant monies, et tranant 
 
 founding Ascanius: they bound over the mountains, and swim over 
 
 flumina; que continue ubi ilamma subdita avidis 
 
 the rivers; and immediately when the flame is conveyed to their greedy 
 
 medullis, magis vere (quia calor redit ossibus 
 
 marrow, rather in the spring (because the heat returns to their bones 
 
 vere) omnes illae versae in Zephyrum ore, 
 
 in the spring) all they turning to the west wind with their mouth. 
 
 stant altis rupibus, que exceptant leves auras ; et 
 
 stand on the high rocks, and await the gentle gales;, and 
 
 saepe sine ullis conjugiis gravidae vento, 
 
 often without any cohabitation becoming pregnant by the wind. 
 
 mirabile dictu, diffugiunt per saxa et scopulos, et 
 
 wonderful to be told, they fly over rocks and dills, and 
 
 depressas convalles ; non tuos, Eure, neque ad 
 
 sunken valleys; not to thy domains, O Eurus, nor to 
 
 ortus Solis, in Boream que Caurum, ' aut unde 
 
 the rising of the sun, to the north wind and west wiad, or whence 
 
 nigerrimus Auster nascitur, et contristat ccelum pluvio 
 
 the darkest south wind arises, and saddens the sky with rainy 
 
 OCA frigore. Hinc demum lentum virus, quod 
 
 * cold. Hence at length a ductile poison, which. 
 
 pastores dicunt hippomanes vero nomine, destillat ab 
 
 shepherds call hippomanes by its true name, distils from 
 
 inguine, hippomanes, quodseepe malae novercae legere 
 
 their groin, hippomanes, which often wicked stepmothers have gathered 
 
 que miscuerunt herbas et non innoxia verba. 
 
 and mingled among herbs and not harmless words. 
 
 Sed interea tempus fugit, fugit irreparabile, duo 
 
 But in the mean while time flies, it flies irrecoverably, while 
 
 capti am ore vectamur circum singula. Hoc 
 
 cu pawled by love we are born* around particular tubject$. This
 
 97 
 
 satis armentis. Altera pars curse superat, agitarc 
 
 is enough for herds. Another part of our care exceeds it, namely, to manage 
 
 lanigeros greges, que hirtas capellas. Hie labor: 
 
 the wool-bearing flocks, and rough goats. This is labour 
 
 fortos coloni sperate laudem hinc. Nee sum 
 
 hardy husbandmen expect praise from hence. Nor ami 
 
 dubius animi, quam magnum sit vincere ea 
 
 doubtful intnmd, how great a task ilia to excel these themes 
 
 verbis, et addere hunc honorem angustis rebus. 
 
 in words, and \o add this ornament to mean subjects. *U 
 
 Sed dulcis amor raptat me per ardua deserta Parnassi ; 
 
 But sweet love hurries me through the high deserts of Parnassus; 
 
 juvat ire jugis, qua nulla orbita priorum 
 
 it delights me to go through the heights, where no path of my predecessors 
 
 divertitur molli clivo Castaliam. Nunc Pales 
 
 turns by gentle declension to the Castalian stream. Now O Pales 
 
 veneranda, nunc sonandum magno ore. Incipiens, 
 
 \o be revered, now to be sung in a great strain. Beginning 
 
 edico oves carpere herbam in mollibus stabulis, dum 
 
 1 command ihe sheep to eat grass in soft stables, until 
 
 mox frondosa sestas redueitur ; et sternere duram 
 
 presently the leafy summer is restored ; and to spread the hard 
 
 humum multa slipula, que manipulis filicum subter, 
 
 ground with much straw, and with bundles of fern under 
 
 no frigida glacies laedat molle pecus, que ferat 
 
 them, lest the cold ice may injure the gentle flock, and produce 
 
 scabieru que turpes podagras. Post, digressus 
 
 the SCJ.D and filthy gouts. Afterwards, having departed """ 
 
 hinc, jubeo sufficere frondentia arbuta capris. 
 
 from t ji matter, I command to supply leafy arbutes to the goals, 
 
 et ^7?ebere recentes fluvios, et opponere stabula 
 
 and . M- furnish to them fresh streams, and to build their stables 
 
 a ventis, hiberno Soli conversa ad medium 
 
 soft txom the winds, to the winter sun turned toward the mid- 
 
 diev ; cum jam olim frigidus Aquarius cadit, 
 
 day (i e the south); when now at last the cold sign Aquarius sets, 
 
 qvy- irrorat extremo anno. Has quoque tuendae 
 
 an-* bedews the extremity of the year. These also are to be guarded 
 
 n<7- is non leviore cura ; nee erit usus minor ; 
 
 by .s with no lighter care than the sheep ; nor will their use be less, 
 
 c amvis Milesia vellera, incocta Tyrios rubores, mutentur 
 
 nough Milesian fleeces, steeped in Tyrian red, should be sold 
 
 y^agno. Soboles hinc densior, 
 
 lor a greatprjce. The offspring (i. e.from the goats') from hence more numerous, 
 
 hinc copia largi lactis. Quammagis mulctra spuma- 
 
 hence a supply of abundant milk. The more the milk pail shall 
 
 verit exhausto ubere, laeta flumina magis manabunt 
 
 foam from their exhausted udder, joyous streams the more shall flow
 
 98 
 
 pressis mammis. Nee minus interea 
 
 from their pressed dugs. Nevertheless in the mean tima 
 
 tondent barbas, que incana menta que comantes-selas 
 
 they shear the beards, and hoary chins and flowing bristles 
 
 Cinyphii hirci, in usura castrorum, et velamina 
 
 of the Cinyphian goat, for the use of camps, and coverings 
 
 miseris nautis. Pascuntur vero silvas, et siunma 
 
 for the wretched Bailors. They are fed indeed in the woods, and lofty 
 
 Lycaei, que horrentes lubos, et dumos amanles 
 
 keights of Lycceus, and on rough brambles, and bushes loving 
 
 ardua. Atque ipsae, memores, redeunt in tecta, 
 
 high places. And they, mindful, return to their shelters, 
 
 que ducunt suos, et vix superant limen gra- 
 
 and lead out their young, and hardly do they pass the entrance with thcii 
 
 vido ubere. Ergo avertes glaciem que nivales ventos 
 
 heavy udder. Therefore you will keep off the ice and snowy winds 
 
 omni studio, quo minus est illis egestas mortalis 
 
 with every care, inasmuch as there is to them a want of human 
 
 ~ yn curae : -que laetus feres victum, et virgea 
 
 *" attention : and gladly will you bring food, and osier 
 
 pabula, nee claudes foenilia tota bruma. 
 
 fodder, nor shut out from them hayracks through the whole winter. 
 
 At vero, cum laeta aestas, Zephyris vocantibus, 
 
 But indeed, when the joyful summer arrives, the west winds invoking, 
 
 mittes utrumque gregem in sallus atque in pascua ; 
 
 do you send each flock to the lawns and to the pastures ; 
 
 cum primo sidere Luciferi, carpamus frigida rura dum 
 
 with the first star of Lucifer, let us graze the cold fields while 
 
 mane novum, dnm gramina canent, et ros, gratissimus 
 
 the morning is fresh, 'while the grass is white, and the dew, most grateful 
 
 pecori, est in tenera herba. Inde, ubi quarta hora 
 
 to the flock, is on the tender plant. Then, when the fourth hour 
 
 cceli collegerit sitim, et querulae cica- 
 
 of the orb of heaven shall have brought on thirst, and the complaining grass- 
 
 dae rumpent arbusta cantu ; jubeto greges ad puteos, 
 
 hoppers shall burst the groves with their song ; command the herds to the wells, 
 
 n aut ad alta stagna, potare undam currentem ilignis 
 
 "*" or to the deep pools, to drink water running in wooden 
 
 canalibus ; at mediis aestibus exquirere umbrosam 
 
 troughs; but in the meridian heats command to seek out a shady 
 
 vallern, sicubi magna quercus Jovis, antique robore, 
 
 vale, wherever the great oak of Jupiter, of ancient firmness, 
 
 tendat ingentes ramos, aut sicubi nemus, nigrum crebris 
 
 extends its great branches, or wherever a grove, black with thick 
 
 ilicibus, accubet sacra, umbra ; turn dare tenues aquas 
 
 holm oaks, hangs over with sacred shade; then to give shallow waters 
 
 rursus, et pascere rursus ad occasum Solis, cum 
 
 again, and to feed them again at the setting of the sun, when
 
 99 
 
 fitgidus Vesper temperat aera, et jam roscida Luna reficit 
 
 Che cola evening tempers the air, and now the dewy moon refreshed 
 
 saltus, que litora resonant halcyonem, et dumi 
 
 the lawns, and the shores resound to the halcyon and the bushes 
 
 acanthida. Quid prosequar tibi versu, pastores 
 
 to the nightingale. Why should I describe to you in song, the shepherds 
 
 Libyae, quid pascua, et mapalia habitata raris 
 
 of Libya, why the pastures, and cottages inhabited in scattered 
 
 tectis ? Saepe pecus pascitur diem que noctem, 34Q 
 
 dwellings? Often their flock is fed day and night, 
 
 et totum mensem ex ordine, itque in longa deserta 
 
 and the whole month in order, and goes into the long deserts 
 
 sine ullis hospitiis ; tantum campi jacet. Afer 
 
 without any places of shelter; so much of the plain lies around. The African 
 
 armentarius agit omnia secum, que tectum que La- 
 
 herdsman bears all things with him, both hip bouse and his house- 
 
 rem, que arma que Amyclaeum canem, que Cressam 
 
 hold god, and his arms and his Amycliau dog, and bis Cretan 
 
 pharetram ; non secus ac acer Romanus, in patriis 
 
 quiver; not otherwise than the bold Roman, in his native 
 
 armis, cum carpit viam sub injusto fasce, et castris 
 
 arms, when he take? his way beneath an unequal load, and his camp 
 
 positis ante exspectatum hosti, stat in agmine. At 
 
 being pitched before he is expected by the foe, stands before his troop. But it is 
 
 non qua Scythiae gentes que Maeotica unda, et Ister 
 
 not so where the Scythian nations are and the Maeotic wave, and the Ister 
 
 turbidus, et torquens flaventes arenas ; que qua ~,.~ 
 
 troubled, and turning its yellow sands ; and where >OU 
 
 Rhodope porrecta sub medium axem redit: illic 
 
 fthodope stretching beneath the middle axis returns: there 
 
 tenent armenta clausa stabulis ; neque aut ullae herbae 
 
 they hold their herds shut up in stables ; neither does either any grass 
 
 apparent campo, aut frondes arbore ; sed terra jacet 
 
 appear on the plain, or do leaves appear on the trees ; but the earth lies 
 
 late informis niveis- aggeribus, et alto gelu, que 
 
 far around deformed with snowy mounds, and deep frast, and 
 
 assurgit in septem ulnas. Semper hiems, semper Cauri 
 
 rises to seven ells. It is always winter, always the west winds 
 
 spirantes frigora. Turn Sol baud unquam discutit 
 
 re breathing cold. Then the sun does not ever scatter 
 
 pallentes umbras ; nee cum invectus equis, petit altum 
 
 the pale shades; neither when borne by horses, he goes to the lofty 
 
 aethera ; nee cum lavit praecipitem currum rubro 
 
 *ky; nor when he bathes his swift chariot in the red 
 
 aequore Oceani. Subitae cnistae concrescunt in currenti 
 
 surface of the ocean. Sudden crusts harden on the running 
 
 flumine : jamque unda sustinet ferratos orbes ^ R( . 
 
 tream : and now the wave upholds iron wheels "Oil
 
 100 
 iergo, ilia hospita prius patulis puppibus, nune 
 
 on its surface, that wave friendly before to broad ships, no* 
 
 plaustris. Que aera dissiliunt vulgo, que vestcs 
 
 to wagons. And brass vessels burst asunder everywhere, and dressei 
 
 imlutec rigescunt, que cacdunt humida vina securibus, 
 
 put on grow stiff, and men cut up the once liquid wine with axes, 
 
 et totae lacunae vertere in solidam glaciem, que horrida 
 
 and all the ditches have turned to solid ice, and the rough 
 
 stiria induruit impexis barbis. Interea ningit 
 
 icicle has grown hard on uncombed beard*. In the mean time it snow* 
 
 non secius toto ae're ; pecudes intereunt ; magna 
 
 not less through the whole sky; flocks die; great 
 
 corpora bourn slant circumfusa pruinis ; que cervi con- 
 bodies of cattle stand surrounded by frost; and stags in a 
 
 ferto agmine, torpent nova mole et vix exstant 
 
 crowded band, are benumbed under the new load and hardly stand out 
 
 > 7ft summis cornibus. Non agitant hos canibus 
 
 "'" with the tops of their horns. Jlfen do not chase these with dogs 
 
 immissis, non ullis cassibus, ve pavidos formidine 
 
 let loose, nor with any nets, or frightened by dread 
 
 puniceae pennoe : sed cominus obtruncant ferro 
 
 of the crimson feather: but forthwith they butcher them with the sword 
 
 frustra trudentes oppositum montem pectore ; 
 
 in vain pushing on the opposing mountain of snow with their breast; 
 
 que caedunt rudentes graviter ; et lasti reportant 
 
 and they kill them braying grievously; and joyful they bear them off 
 
 magno clamore. Ipsi agunt secura otia in 
 
 with a great outcry. The Scythians themselves spend undisturbed leisure in 
 
 defossis specubus sub alta terrft, advolvere que congests 
 
 excavated caves beneath the deep earth, they have rolled both collected 
 
 robora que totas ulmos focis que dedere igni : hie 
 
 oaks and whole elms to the hearths, and committed them to the fire: here 
 
 ducunt noctem ludo ; et laeti imitantur pocula vitea 
 
 they spend the night in sport and joyful they imitate potions of wine 
 
 _ Rn fermento atque acidis sorbis. Talis efTroena 
 
 oOU with beer and sour service-berries. Such an ungoverned 
 
 gens viriim, subjecta Hyperboreo septemtrioni, 
 
 race of men, lying under the northern constellation of the bears, 
 
 tunditur Riphaeo Euro, et corpora velantur fill- 
 is beaten by the Riphxan east wind, and their bodies are clothed with the 
 
 vis setis pecudum. Si lanicium tibi curae, primum 
 
 tawny hair of cattle. If cloth manufacture is ya>ir care, first 
 
 aspera silva, que lappae que tribuli absint; fuge 
 
 let the rough wood, and burs and thistles be far away ; avoid 
 
 la?ta pabula ; que continuo lege albos greges mollibus 
 
 rich fodder; and nt first select white flocks \vihsnfi 
 
 vulis. Autem quamvis aries ' ipse sit candidus, rejice 
 
 fleece*. But although the ram himself be white. reject
 
 101 
 
 :llura, cui tantum nigra lingua subest udo palalo, ne 
 
 turn, to whom only a black tongue lies under his moist palate, lest 
 
 infuscet vellera nascentfim pullis maculis, que 
 
 be should stain the fleeces of the young lambs with dark spots, and 
 
 circumspice alium pleno campo.. Sic Pan oq ft 
 
 look about for another in the full field. Thus Pan ** yU 
 
 Deus Arcadiae fefellit te, Luna, captam niveo munere 
 
 the god of Arcadia deceived thee, O moon, captivated by the snowy offering 
 
 lanae (si est dignum credere), vocans in alta nemora ; 
 
 of wool (if it is worthy to believe), inviting thee to the deep groves; 
 
 nec tu aspernata vocanlem. At ipse cui amor 
 
 nor didst thou despise Aim invoking thee. But let him to whom is the love 
 
 lactis, ferat cytisum que lotos frequentes, que salsas 
 
 of milk, bring cytisus and water-lilies in great plenty, and salted 
 
 herbas praesepibus. Hinc et amant fluvios magis, 
 
 herbs to the stalls. From this cause both they love the rivers more, 
 
 et magis tendunt ubera, et referunt occultum saporem 
 
 and more extend their udders, and bring back the secret taste 
 
 salis in lacte. Jam multi prohibent excretos hffidos a matri- 
 
 of salt in the milk Now many keep away the grown kids from their 
 
 bus, que praefiguntprima ora capistris ferratis. 
 
 mothers, and they fasten thefroutof their mouths with muzzles armed with iron. 
 
 Quod mulsere die surgente que horis 
 
 That which they have milked the day arising and in the hours 
 
 diurnis premunt nocte : quod jam tenebris, 
 
 of day they coagulate at night, that which now they milk in the darkness, 
 
 et sole cadente, pastor exportans calathis sub 
 
 and the sun setting, the shepherd bearing it off in milk vessels about 
 
 lucem, adit oppida ; aut contingunt parco sale, 
 
 daylight, goes to the towns ; or they season it with a small portion of salt, 
 
 que reponunt hiemi. Nec cura canum fuerit postrema 
 
 and lay it up for winter. Nor let the care of dogs be last 
 
 tibi ; sed una pasce veloces catulos Spartae, que acrem 
 
 to you; but at once feed the swift whelps of Sparta, and the strong 
 
 Molossum pingui sero. Nunquam, illis custodibus, 
 
 Moloesian dog with rich whey. Never, they being your guards, 
 
 horrebis nocturnum furem stabulis, que incursus 
 
 shall you dread the nightly thief in the stables, and the ravages 
 
 luporum ; aut impacatos Iberos a tergo. Ssepe 
 
 of wolves; or restless Spaniards attacking you, behind. Often 
 
 etiam agitabis timidos onagros cursu, et leporem 
 
 also you shall pursue the cowardly wild asses in the chase, And the hare 
 
 canibus, venabere daraas canibus. Saepe tur- 
 
 with dogs, you shall hunt the hinds with dogs. Often you 
 
 babis latratu apros pulsos silvestribus 
 
 thall disturb with the barking of dogs boars banished from their wild 
 
 volutabris, agens, que per altos montes premes 
 
 dens, 'driving them, and through the lofty mountains you shall pursue
 
 102 
 
 uigentem cervum ad retia clamore. Disce et accen- 
 
 the huge stag to the toils with a shout. Learn aiso to 
 
 deie odoratam cedrum stabulis, que agitare graves 
 
 Uurn the odorous cedar in the stables, and to drive off offensive 
 
 chelydros nidore Galbaneo. Saepe sub 
 
 wa'.er-snakes with the scent of gum Galbanum. Often beneath 
 
 immotis praesepibus, aut vipera, mala tactu, deli- 
 
 the permanent BtalU, either the viper, injurious by its touch, has 
 
 tuit, que exterrita, fugit coelum ; aut coluber 
 
 Iain hid, and frightened, fled the light of heaven; or the snake 
 
 aeerba pestis bourn, assuetus succedere tecto et umbrae, 
 
 the cruel plague of cattle, accustomed to approach the house and shade, 
 
 que aspergere virus pecori, fovit humum. Pastor. 
 
 and scatter poison In the flock, lies close to the ground. O shepherd, 
 
 420 ca P e saxa manu, caperobora; que dejice 
 
 *^" take stones in your hand, seize clubs; and strike Aim 
 
 tollentem minus, et tumentem sibila colla ; 
 
 down raising himself in his anger, and swelling his hissing neck ; 
 
 jamque fuga abdidit timidum caput alte, cum medii 
 
 and now Inflight he has hid his fearful head deeply, when his intermediate 
 
 nexus que agmina extremae caudae solvuntur, que 
 
 joints and the windings of the extremity of his tail are uncoiled, and 
 
 ultimus sinus trahit tardos orbes. Est etiam ille mains 
 
 the farthest curvature drags his slow spires. There is also that pernicious 
 
 anguis in Calabris saltibus, convolvens squamea terga 
 
 snake in the Calabrian forests, rolling its sc.aly back 
 
 sublato pectore, atque maculosus lohgam alvum grandibus 
 
 with uplifted breast, and spotted as to its long belly with large 
 
 notis ; qui, dum ulli amnes rumpuntur fomibus, 
 
 marks; which, while any brooka burst from their fountains. 
 
 et dum terrae madeht udo vere ac pluvialibus 
 
 and" while the lands are wet by the moist spring and the rainy 
 
 Austris, colit stagna, que habitans ripis, hie rnprobus 
 
 south winds, dwells in the pools, and inhabiting the hanks, he .greedy 
 
 explet atram ingluviem piscibus que loquacibus 
 
 *"" fills his black maw with fish and noisy 
 
 ranis. Postquam palus exhausta que terrae dehiscunt 
 
 frogs. After the marsh is drained and the lands gape wide 
 
 ardore, exsilit in siccum, et torquens flam- 
 
 with drought, he darts out upon the dry ground, and rolling hi* 
 
 mantia lumina, ssevit agris, que asper siti, atque 
 
 fiery eyes, rages through the fields, both mad with thirst, and 
 
 exterritus aestu. Turn ne libeat* mihi carpere 
 
 frightened by the heat. Then let it not please me to enjoy 
 
 molles somnos sub dio, neu jacuisse doiso 
 
 gentle slumbers beneath the open air, nor to lie at the edgo 
 
 nemoris per herbas, cum novus, exuviis positis, 
 
 of a grove, on the grass, when he renewed, ins stem oeing laid au<J
 
 103 
 
 que nitidus juven'JL, relinquens aut catulos aut ova 
 
 and ehiniag in youth, leaving either young ones or egga 
 
 tectis, volvitur arduus ad solera, et micat trisul- 
 
 in his den, * he rolls on rising to the sun, and brandishes bis three- 
 
 cis Jinguis ore. Docebo te quoque 
 
 forked tongue in his mouth. 1 will instruct you ' also 
 
 causas et signa morborum. Turpis ecabies tental 
 
 in the causes and signs of diseases. The foul scab taint* 
 
 oves, ubi frigidus imber persedit altius ad vivum, et 
 
 the sheep, when the cold shower has penetrated deeply to the quick, and 
 
 bruma horrida cano gelu ; vel cum sudor illotus 
 
 the winter rough with hoary frost; or when the sweat unwashed 
 
 adhaesit tonsis, et hirsuli vepres eecuerunt 
 
 cleaves to them being sheared, and the rude briars have lacerated 
 
 corpora. Llcirco, mai'istri perfundunt omne 
 
 their bodies. Therefore, the chief shepherds bathe the entire 
 
 pecus dulcibus fluviis, que aries udis villis mersatur 
 
 flock in the sweet rivers, and the ram "with moist fleece is plunged 
 
 in gurgite, ,que missus defluit secundo amni ; aut 
 
 in the pool, and being sent away floats down the favouring stream; or 
 
 conlingunt tonsum corpus tristi amurca, et miscent 
 
 they smear the shorn body with bitter lees of oil, and intermingle 
 
 spumas argenti que viva sulphura, que Idaeas pices, el 
 
 litharge and fresh sulphur, and Idean pitch, and 
 
 ceras pingues unguine, que scillam, que ,-~ 
 
 wax rich in ointment, . and the sea leak and 
 
 graves helleboros, que nigrum bitumen. Tamen noil 
 
 offensive hellebore, and black bitumen. Yet neither 
 
 est ulla magis praesens fortuna laborum, quam si 
 
 is there any more ready relief of their sufferings, than if 
 
 quis potuit rescindere summum os u^ceris Ferro : 
 
 anyone could ' cutoff the outward opening of the ulcer witha knife: 
 
 vitiura alitur que vivit tegendo, dum pastor 
 
 the disorder is nourished and grow's by being concealed, while the shepherd 
 
 abnegat adhibere, medicas manus ad vulnera, et sedet 
 
 refuses to apply his healing hands to the wounds,' and jpjlsdown 
 
 poscens Deos omnia meliora. Quin etiam 
 
 asking of the Gods all better things. But even 
 
 cum dolor lapsus ad ima ossa balantum, 
 
 when the disease gliding to the inmost bones of the bleating sheep, 
 
 furit, atque arida febris depascitur artus, profuit 
 
 rages, and a burning fever feeds upon 'their limba, it has availed 
 
 avertere incensos eestus, et ferire venam salientem san- 
 
 lo drive out the kindling heat, also to strike a vein spouting with 
 
 guine inter ima pedis ; quo more Bi- , fio 
 
 blood between the lowest parts of the foot , by which method the * 1 ' 
 
 saltae solent, que acer Gelonus, cum fugit in 
 
 liiealtie were accustomed tc bleed, ami the brave Geloniua when he flnei tu
 
 104 
 Rhodopen atque in Uescrta Getarum, et potat lac concrelum 
 
 Rhodupe and to the deserts of the eta:, and drinks milk thickened 
 
 cum equino sanguine. Quam videris, aul 
 
 with horses' blood. Whatever sheep you should BCO, either 
 
 succedere saepius molli umbrae aut carpentem summas 
 
 to withdraw ofiener to the soft shade or cropping the tojis 
 
 herbas ignavius, que extremam sequi, aul 
 
 of the grass more slothfully, and the last to follow the flock, or 
 
 pascentem procumbere medio campo, et solam 
 
 hf.n feeding to lie down in the midst of the plain, and alone 
 
 decedere serae nocti, continue compesce culpam 
 
 to depart late at night, forthwith restrain the fault (mischief) 
 
 ferro priusquam dira contagia serpant per in- 
 
 with the steel before the dread contagion creeps through the 
 
 ._,. cautum vulgus. Turbo, agens hiemem, 
 
 *^ unguarded flock. A whirlwind, driving on a storm, 
 
 non ruit tarn creber aequore, quam multae pestes 
 
 does not rush so frequent from the sea, aa there art many plagues 
 
 pecudutn. Nee morbi corripiunt singula corpora, sed 
 
 of cattle. Nor do diseases seize upon single bodies only, but 
 
 tola sestiva repente, que spem que gregem simul 
 
 entire summer folds suddenly, and the hope (i.e. tke lambs) and the nock atones 
 
 que cunctam gentem ab origine. Turn sciat 
 
 and all the race from the first breed. Then he may know thelruthtf 
 
 si quis nunc quoque, tanto post, 
 
 this if Any one even now also, at so great appaceof time since the laying waste, 
 
 videat aerias Alpes, et Norica castella in 
 
 should view the airy Alps, and the Noric (Bavarian) castles on 
 
 tumulis, et arva lapidis Timavi, que deserta regna 
 
 the hills, and the fields of lapidian Timavus, and the deserted kingdoms 
 
 pastorum, et saltus vacantes longe que late. Hie 
 
 of the shepherds, and the lawns made vacant far and wide. Here 
 
 quondam tempestas miseranda coorta est, 
 
 formerly a storm In its effect* to be dreaded arose. 
 
 morbo cceli, que incanduit toto aestu 
 
 from the corruption of the air, and became inflamed through the whole heat 
 
 autumni ; et dedit omne genus pecudum, omne 
 
 .of autumn; and gave every kind of cattle, every kind 
 
 ferarum . neci, que corrupit lacus, infecit pabula 
 
 of wild beast to death, and corrupted the lakes, and tainted the fodder 
 
 tabo. Nee erat via mortis simplex ; sed ubi 
 
 with poison. Nor waa the way of death uncomplicated ; but when 
 
 ignea sitis, acta omnibus venis, adduxerat mise- 
 
 the fiery thirst, driven through all their veins, had contracted their 
 
 ros artus, rursus fluidus liquor abundabat ; que trahebat 
 
 wretched limbs, again a fluid moisture abounded ; and reduced 
 
 omnia ossa collapsa morbo minutatim in se. Ssepe 
 
 all their bones fallen by disease piecemeal together. Often
 
 105 
 in medio lionore Deum, hostia stans ad aram 
 
 in the midst of the worship of the Gods, the victim standing at the altar 
 
 dum lanea infula circumdatur nivea vitta, 
 
 while the woollen fillet is bound about its temples with a snowy head-band, 
 
 cecidit, moribunda inter ounctantes ministros. Aut 
 
 has fallen, ready to die between the delaying sacrificers. Or 
 
 si sacerdos mactaverat quam ante, inde 
 
 if the priest had slain any victim before it had fallen, then 
 
 neque altaria ardent, fibris impositis, ,g~ 
 
 neither do the altars burn, its fibres being placed on them, * a " 
 
 nec potest vates, consultus, reddere responsa ; ac cultri 
 
 nor can the prophet,, being consulted, utter replies; and the knivea 
 
 suppositi, vix tinguntur sanguine, que sumraa arena 
 
 being laid aside, hardly are tinged with blood, and the top of the sand 
 
 infuscatur jejuna sanguine. Hinc vituli vulgo 
 
 is stained with sickly blood. Hence the calves everywhere 
 
 moriuntur in laetis herbis, et reddunt dulces animas 
 
 die upon the abundant grass, and yield their sweet lives 
 
 ad plena praesepia. Hinc rabies venit blandis canibus, 
 
 at the full stalls. Hence madness conies to the kindly dogs, 
 
 et anhela tussis quatit aegros sues, ac angit 
 
 and a panting cough shakes the sickly swine, and tortures them 
 
 obesis faucibus. Equus, victor, labitur infelix, 
 
 with swelled throats. The horse, once a conqueror, falls unhappy 
 
 immemor studiorum atque herbae ; que avertitur 
 
 unmindful of his laboars and of the grass; and he is averse from 
 
 fontes, et crebra ferit terrain pede ; aures 
 
 the fountains, and often strikes the earth with his foot ; his ears 
 
 demissae, incertus sudor ibidem, et ille ,. 
 
 are let down, an intermitting sweat is there, and that "IP" 
 
 quidem frigidus morituris ; pellis aret et dura 
 
 indeed is cold on horses about to die ; his skin is parched and being hard 
 
 ad tactum, resistit tractanti. Dant haec signa primis 
 
 to the touch, resists one feeling it. They offer these symptoms in the first 
 
 diebus ante exitium. Sin in processu morbus 
 
 days of sickness before death. Bat if in progress of time the disease 
 
 coepit crudescere, turn vero oculi ardentes, atque 
 
 has begun to grow worse, then indeed their eyea are inflamed, and 
 
 spiritus, attractus ab alto, interdum gravis 
 
 their breath, being drawn from the depth of their breast, is sometimes loaded 
 
 gemitu, que ima ilia tendunt \ongo singultu, 
 
 with groaning, and theirinmost entrails distend themselves with a long sob, 
 
 ater sanguis it naribus, et aspera lingua premit 
 
 black blood proceeds from their nostrils, and their rough tongue presses 
 
 obsessas fauces. Profuit infundere Lenaeos 
 
 their straitened jaws. It profited at first to pour into theirmouth. Lensan 
 
 latices inserto cornu, ea visa una salus .,* 
 
 liquors (wine) by an insurte 1 horn, this seemed the only safety Olv
 
 106 
 morienlibus : mox hoc ipsum erat exitio ; que 
 
 to the dying: presently l\\is remedy itself was their destruction ; and 
 
 refecti ardebant furiis, que ipsi, jam sub 
 
 being refreshed they burned with madness, and they, even now under 
 
 icgr;i morte, laniabant suos artus, discissos nudis 
 
 painful death, tore their limbs, rent with their naked 
 
 dentibus. Di meliora piis, que ilium 
 
 teeth. May the gods grant belter things to the pious, and that 
 
 errorem hostibus ! Autem ecce, taurus fumans sub duro 
 
 misfortune to our foes I But lot the ox smoking before the hard 
 
 vomere concidit, et vomit cruorem mistum spumis 
 
 ploughshare falls, and vomits blood mingled with foam 
 
 ore, que ciet extremes gemilus. Tristis arator 
 
 from his mouth, and utters his last groans. The sorrowful ploughman 
 
 it, abjungens juvencum mosrentem fraterna morte, atque 
 
 goes, unyoking the bullock mourning his brother's death, and 
 
 relinquit defixa aratra in medio opere. Non umbrae 
 
 leaves his fastened plough in the midst of Ms labour. Not the phadea 
 
 - 2ft altorum nembrum, non mollia prata possunt 
 
 "**' of lofty groves, not the soft meadows can 
 
 movere animum, non amnis, qui volutus per saxa 
 
 influence his feelings, not the river, which having rolled over rocks 
 
 purior electro, petit campum : at ima latera polvuntur, 
 
 clearer than amber, seeks the plain : but his inmost sides are relaxed, 
 
 atque stupor urget inertes oculos ; que cervix fluit ad 
 and dimness presses down his sluggish eyes ; and his neck falls to 
 
 terram devexo pondere. Quid labor, aut 
 
 the earth with its bending weight. What does the labour of ozen avail them, or 
 
 benefacta juvant ? quid invertisse graves terras 
 
 tekat do then good deeds avail them? what to have turned np the heavy landi 
 
 vomere ? atqui non Massica munera Baechi, non 
 
 with the plough? but neither the Massic gifts of Bacchus, nor 
 
 epulae repositae nocuere iltis. Pascuntur frondibus et 
 
 feasts laid up in store have injured them. They feed on leaves and 
 
 victu sirnplicis herbae, pocula sunt liquidi fontes, 
 
 the produce of simple grass, their bowls are Cowing fountains, 
 
 atque flumina exercita cursu ; nee cura abrumpit 
 
 and rivers exercised with running; nor does care break 
 
 ,_., salubres somnos. DLcunt, boves quaestias non alio 
 
 "" their healthful sleep. They say, that oxen were sought at no other 
 
 tempore illis regionibus ad sacra Junonis, et cur- 
 
 time in those regions for the sacrifices of Juno, and that Aer cha- 
 
 rus ductos ad alia donaria imparibus uris. Ergo 
 
 riots were drawn to her lofty shrines by unmatched buffaloes. Therefore tht 
 
 aegre rimantur terram rastris, et infodiunt 
 
 tiLibatdmen with difficulty tear the earth with harrows, and plant 
 
 frugei? unguibus ipsis ; que trahunt stridentia plaustra 
 
 xhe corn with th^ir nails themselves; and dra^ the creaking wngnna
 
 107 
 content;! oervice per altos monies. Lupus non explo- 
 
 with outstretched neck through the high mountains. The wolf does not inedi- 
 
 rat insidias circum ovilia, nee nocturnus obambulat 
 
 late a lying in wait around the sheepfolds, nor does he nightly walkabout 
 
 gregibus ; acrior cura domat ilium. Timidi damae 
 
 the flocks; a more active care rules him. The cowardly fellow deer 
 
 que fugaces cervi nunc vagantur inter canes et cire.um tec- 
 
 and flying stags now wander among dogs 'and about tho 
 
 ta. Jam fluctus proluit prolem immensi _ 4n 
 
 dwellings. Now the wave washes over the offspring of the immense O 1 *" 
 
 maris, et omne genus natantum in extremo 
 
 sea, and every kind of swimming creatures upou the farthest part of the 
 
 litore, ecu naufraga corpora ; phocae, insolitae, fugiunt in 
 
 shore, as shipwrecked bodies; seals, unused to it, fly to 
 
 flumina. Et vipera moritur, frustra defensa curvis latebris, 
 
 the rivers. And the viper dies, in vain defended bv crooked retreats, 
 
 et hydri attoniti, squamis astantibus. Aer est non 
 
 and water-snakes are astonished, their scales standing out. The air is not 
 
 aequus avibus ipsis, et ills, pufccipites, relinquunt 
 
 wholesome to the birds themselves, and ihey falling, headlong, leave 
 
 vitam sub alta nube. Praeterea, nee jam refert 
 
 their life beneath a high cloud. Besides, neither now is it expedient 
 
 pabula mutari, que artes quaesitae nocent ; ma- 
 
 that the fodder be changed, and the arts of healing sought for are hurtful ; the 
 
 gistri Phillyrides, Chiron, que Amythaonius, Me- 
 
 masterso/metftcinethesonofPhiUyra, Chiron, and Amythaon's son, Me- 
 
 lampus, cessere. Et pallida Tisiphone, emissa __ ft 
 
 lampus, have withdrawn. And pale Tisiphone, sent out 
 
 Stygiis tenebris in lucem, szevit ; agit morbos que me- 
 
 from Stygian darkness to the light, rages ; she spreads sickness and 
 
 turn ante, que surgens in dies, effert avidum caput altius. 
 
 dread before her, and rising to the day, raises her greedy head higher. 
 
 Amnes que arentes ripae, que supini colics, sonant 
 
 The rivers and the dry banks, and the inclining bills, resound 
 
 balatu pecorum, et crebris mugitibus ; jamque dat 
 
 with the bleating of sheep, and frequent bellowings ; and now she gives 
 
 stragem catervatim, atque in stabulis ipsis aggerat 
 
 destruction in droves, and in the stables themselves heaps up 
 
 cadavera dilapsa turpi tabo, donee discant tegere 
 
 dead bodies fallen away by the foul contagion, until they learn to bury them 
 
 humo, ac abscondere foveis. Nam neque era* 
 
 In, the ground, and to hide them in ditches. For neither was there 
 
 usus coriis, nee quisquam potest aut obolere firt 
 
 profit from the skins, nor is any one able either -to cleanse OOll 
 
 viscera undis, aut vincere flammft, ; nee qnidem 
 
 the entrails with water, or purge them by flame; .nor indeed 
 
 possunt tondere vellera peresa morbo qu< illuvie, nee 
 cac they shear the fleeces corroded by disease and filth. na?
 
 108 
 attingcre putres telas, verum etiam si quis tentarat inviscxi 
 
 touch the rotten web* but even if any one had tried the hatclul 
 
 amictus, ardentes papulae atque immundus sudor seque- 
 
 dresses, burning blotches and filthy sau.it over- 
 
 batur olentia membra ; deinde sacer ignis edebat 
 
 spread his offensive limbs; then the erysipelas consumed 
 
 comactos artus moranti nee longo tempore. 
 
 the infected numbers of him delaying, and not for long time, to lay 
 tncm aside. 
 
 BOOK IV. 
 
 PROTINVS- exsequar coelestia dona aerii mcllis. 
 
 FORTHWITH I will sing of the celestial gifts of aerial honey- 
 
 Aspice, etiam, hanc partem, Maecenas. Dicam 
 
 Regard, also, this part of my labours, O Maecenas. I will sing 
 
 spectacula leviumrerum admiranda tibi ; que magnanimos 
 
 a representation of light concerns to be admired by you ; both the high-minded 
 
 duces, que mores totius gentis, ordine, et studia, 
 
 leaders of bees, and the manners of all the race, in order, and their pursuits, 
 
 et populos, et proelia. Labor in tenui ! at 
 
 and kinds, and conflicts. Toil bestowed on a trifling svl>jectt but 
 
 gloria non tenuis, si ,laeva numina sinunt quern 
 
 the renown is not trifling, if the unpropitious deities allow any ona 
 
 que Apollo vocatus audit. Principio, 
 
 to accomplish the task and Apollo invoked attends. In the first place-, 
 
 sedes petenda, que static apibus, quo neque 
 
 a seat is to be sought, and a settlement for the bees, where neither 
 
 sit aditus ventis (nam venti prohibent ferre 
 
 can there be access for the winds (for the winds forbid them to bear 
 
 pabula domum), neque oves que petulci hcedi 
 
 their food home), nor eheep and frisking kids 
 
 insnltent floribus, aut bncula, errans campo, decu- 
 
 can tread down the flowers, or the heifer, wandering on the plain, can shake 
 
 tiat rorem, et atterat surgentes herbas: Et lacerti, 
 
 off the dew, and bruise the rising plants. And let the lizards, 
 
 picti squalentia terga, absint a pinguibus stabulis, que 
 
 painted on their scaly backs, be far from the rich hives, and 
 
 meropes que alias volucres, et Progne signata pectus 
 
 woodpeckers and other birds, and Progne marked on her breast 
 
 cruentis manibus. Nam vastant omnia late, quo 
 
 with.bloody hands. For they waste all things far around, and 
 
 10
 
 109 
 
 ferunt volantes ipsas ore, dulccm cscam 
 
 bear off the flying bees themselves in their mouth, pleasant food 
 
 immitibus nidis. At liquid! fontes, et stagna viren- 
 
 for their pitiless young. But let the clear fountain!), and pools made 
 
 tia musco, et tenuis rivus fugiens per gramina, 
 
 green by moss, and the shallow rivulet swift running through the grass, 
 
 adsint ; que palma aut ingens oleaster obumbret . 
 
 be at hand ; and lei the palm or the great wild olive overshadow *" 
 
 vestibulum; ut, cum novi reges ducent prima examina 
 
 the entrance, that, when the new kings lead forth the first swarms 
 
 suo vere, que juventus emissa favis ludet, 
 
 in their own spring, and the youth let loose from the honeycombs sport, 
 
 vicina ripa invitet decedere calon, que ob- 
 
 the neighbouring bank may invite them to withdraw from the heat, and the in- 
 
 vfa arbos teneat frondentibus hospitiis. Conjice 
 
 tervening tree may detain them by its leafy protection. Cast 
 
 salices transversas et grandia saxa in medium, seu 
 
 willows placed across and large rocks in the midst of the water, whether 
 
 humor stabit iners, seu profluet, ut possint consistere 
 
 the water shall stand inactive, or shall flow, that they may stand on 
 
 crebris pontibus, et pandere alas ad aestivum solera ; 
 
 them at on many bridges, and open their wings to the summer sun; 
 
 si forte praeceps Eurus sparserit morantes, aut 
 
 if by chance the violent east wind has scattered the loitering bees, or 
 
 immerserit Neptuno. Circum haec virides 
 
 plunged them in the sea. Around these places let green " 
 
 casiae et serpylla olentia late et copia thymbrae spirantis 
 
 cassia and thyme scenting far around and plenty of savory smelling 
 
 graviter floreat; que violaria bibaut irriguum fontem, 
 
 strongly blossom; and let violet beds drink the flowing fountains 
 
 Autem alvearia ipsa, seu fuerint suta 
 
 But let the bee-hives themselves, whether they may have been fastened togb- 
 
 tibi cavatis corticibus, seu texta lento vimine,. 
 
 ther by you from hollowed barks, or woven from the slender vine. 
 
 habeant angustos aditus ; nam hiems cogit melb 
 
 have narrow entrances ; for the winter hardens the honey 
 
 frigore, que calor remittit eadem liquefacta: utraque 
 
 by cold, and the heat relaxes the same dissolved : eacU 
 
 via pariter metuenda apibus ; neque illae nequicquarn 
 
 power equally is to be dreaded by the bees; neither do they in vain 
 
 certatim linunt tenuia spiramenta cera in tectis, que 
 
 earnestly anoint the narrow openings with wax in their hives, and 
 
 expleut oras fuco et floribus ; que servant , ft 
 
 All the borders with mews and flowers ; and they keep 
 
 gluten, collectum ad haec ipsa munera, lentius e? 
 
 the glue, collected for these very purposes, mere adhesive evetr 
 
 visco, et pice Phrygiae Idae. Saepe etiam 
 
 than birdlime, and the pitch of Phrygian Ida. Often also
 
 110 
 fodSre larem sub tenrft, latebris effbssis (si 
 
 they have dug adwelling-placc beneath the earth, retreats being excavated (\t 
 
 fama est vera), que penitus repertse quo cavis 
 
 the leport is true), and deeply have tliey been found both in hollow 
 
 pumicibus, que antro exesae arboris. Taraen tu ot 
 
 pumice-stones, and the cavity of a rotten tree. Yet do you also 
 
 unge rimosa cubilia circum levi ' limo, fovens, 
 
 smear . their chinky hives around with light mud, cherishing them, 
 
 et superinjice raras frondes ; neu sine laxum 
 
 and throw over their hives scattered leaves, nor permit a yew tree to stand 
 
 propius tectis, neve ure rubentes cancros foco, 
 
 near to their hives, nor burn reddening crabs in the fire, 
 
 neu crede allae paludi, aut ubi odor coeni gravis, 
 
 nor trust a Hive to the deep marsh, or where the stench of mud inoffensive, 
 
 aut ubi concava saxa sonant pulsu, que imago vocis 
 
 or where the hollow rocks resound at the striking, and the echo of the voice 
 
 _ offensa result at. Quod superest, ubi aureus 
 
 ^ obstructed reverberates. What remains, when the bright 
 
 sol egit hiemem pulsam sub terras, que reclusit 
 
 sun has banished the winter driven beneath the earth, and laid open 
 
 coelum festivjl luce ; continue illse peragrant saltus que 
 
 the heaven with summer light; forthwith they pass over the lawns and 
 
 silvas, que metunt purpureos flores, et leves libant summa 
 
 woods, and euck the purple flowers, and light they sip the surface 
 
 flumina. Hinc nescio qua dulcedine laetae, 
 
 of the streams. From these sources I know not by what delight rejoiced, 
 
 fovent progeniem que nidos ; hinc excudunt 
 
 they feed their offspring and their hives, from these sources they form 
 
 recenles ceras arte, et fingunt tenacia mella. Hinc ubi 
 
 fresh wax by art, and make adhesive honey Henceforth when 
 
 jam susp'exeris agrnen emissum caveis, nare ad 
 
 now you shall behold a swarm let loose from their hires, to fly to 
 
 sidera coeli per liquidam aestatem, que obscuram 
 
 the stars of heaven through the clear atmosphere, and the dark 
 
 fift nubem trahi vento, contemplator semper 
 
 "^ cloud of them to be wafted by the wind, observe how always 
 
 petunt dulces aquas et frondea tecta : tu 
 
 they seek sweet waters and leafy retreats where they may settle . do you 
 
 asperge jussos sapores hue, trita melisphylla, et ignobile 
 
 scatter the prescribed juices here, pounded balm, and the mean 
 
 gramen cerinthae : que cie tinnitus, et quate cym- 
 
 plant of the honey wort . and excite rising sounda, and strike ^hf 
 
 bala matris circum. Ipsae consident modi 
 
 ymbals of the mother of the Qods around. They will light on the niedi 
 
 catis sedibus ; ipsae condent sese ' in mtima 
 
 cated seats; they will conceal themselves within the inmost purls 
 
 cunabula suo more. Autem sin exierint ad 
 
 of the hive ID their own manner. But if they should go out to
 
 Itr 
 
 pugnam (nam saspe discordia incessit duobus regibua 
 
 battle (for often discord has come upon two kings 
 
 magno motu), continue licet praesciscere longe 
 
 with great commotion), immediately you may foreknow long beforehand 
 
 que aniinos vulgi, et corda trepidantia bello ; 
 
 both the tempers of the crowd, and their hearts eager for war; 
 
 namque ille Martius canor rauci aeris increpat 
 
 for that martial sound of the hoarse trumpet arouses 
 
 morantes, et vox, imitata fractos sonitus tubarum, 
 
 the delaying, even a buz, imitating broken sounds of trumpets, 
 
 auditur. Turn trepidae coeunt inter se, que 
 
 is heard Then trembling they assemble among themselves, and 
 
 coruscant pennis, que exacuunt spicula rostris, 
 
 shake in their wings, and sharpen their stings with their beaks, 
 
 que aptant lacertos, et densae miscentur circa regem, 
 
 and prepare their claws, and condensed they muster around their king, 
 
 atque ad praetoria ipsa, que vocant hostem 
 
 even at his pavilion itself, and they call the enemy 
 
 magnis clamoribus. Ergo, ubi nactae sudum ver, 
 
 with great cries. Therefore, when they have gained the serene spring, 
 
 que patentes campos, erumpunt portis, concurritur, 
 
 and the open plains, they rush out from the gates, they run together; 
 
 sonitus fit m alto aBthere ; mistae glomerantur in 
 
 a sound is made in the lofty .sky; commingled they gather in 
 
 magnum orbem, que cadunt praecipites : non densior R( . 
 
 a great cluster, and fall headlong- not more thick 
 
 grando acre, nee tantum glandis pluit de concuss^ 
 
 docs hail fall from the air, nor does so much mast rain from the shaken 
 
 ilice. Ipsi per medias acies, insignibus 
 
 oak Tke kings, themselves flying through the midst of troops, with remarkable 
 
 alis, versant ingentes animos in angusto pectore ; usque 
 
 wings, stir up great courage in a narrow breast; even 
 
 adeo obnixi non cedere, dum gravis victor subegit 
 
 thus striving not to yield, while the fierce conqueror compels 
 
 aut hos aut hos dare terga versa fuga. Hi motus 
 
 either these or those tagive their backs turned in flight. These motion* 
 
 animorum, atque haec tanta certamina, compressa jactu 
 
 of their minds, and these great contests, constrained by the throwing 
 
 exigui pulveris, quiescent. Verum ubi revocaveris 
 
 of a little sand, will cease. But when you shall have called back 
 
 ambos ductores acie, dede eum qui visus deterior 
 
 both leaders from battle, give him who has seemed the weaker 
 
 neci, ne prodigus obsit; sine melior regnet 
 
 lo death, lest prodigal ne do injury ; permit tHa.: the better may reign 
 
 in aula vacua. Alter erit ardens maculis squa- 
 
 in the hall free from a rival. The one will be glowing with spots 
 
 lentibus auro (nam sunt duo genera) ; hie melior, 
 
 covered with gold (for there are two kinds); this is the more valuable,
 
 112 
 et insignia ore, et clarus rutilis squamis : Ule 
 
 both remarkable for his countenance, find bright with glowing scale* the 
 
 alter horridus desidia, que inglorius trahens latam alvum. 
 
 other ' hairy for Moth, and disgracefully dragging a broad belly. 
 
 Ut facies regum binae, ita corpora genus. Namque 
 
 As the forms of the kings are two, so are the bodies of the people. For 
 
 alias horrent, turpes ceu cum aridus viator venit ab 
 
 some bees are ugly, being filthy as when the thirsty traveller cornea from 
 
 alto pulvere, et spuit terram sicco ore; aliae 
 
 the deep duet, and spits the dirt from his dry mouth , the other* 
 
 elucen', et comscant fulgore, ardentes auro, et 
 
 tune. and glitter with brightness, glowing with gold, and 
 
 inn cor P ora li ta paribus guttis. Haec soboles 
 
 "^ their bodies are marked with equal spota. This breed 
 
 potior; hinc, premes dulcia mella certo tempore 
 
 10 the better, hence, you may press the s'weet honey at a certain time 
 
 coeli ; nee tantum dulcia quantum et liquida, et domi- 
 
 of the season ; nor so much sweet as also clear, and about 
 
 tura durum saporem Bacchi. At cum examina 
 
 to subdue the harsh taste of the wine But when the swarms 
 
 volant incerta, que ludunt coelo, que contemnunt 
 
 fly irregularly, and sport along the sky, and disregard 
 
 favos, et relinquunt tecta frigida, prohibebis 
 
 their combs, and abandon their hives to the cold, you will constrain 
 
 instabiles animos inam ludo. Nee magnus 
 
 their wavering dispositions from the vain sport. Nor is it a great 
 
 labor prohibere, tu eripe alas regibus ; non 
 
 task to constrain them, do you tear the wings from the kings; no 
 
 quisquam audebit ire ahum her illis cunctantibus, 
 
 any one will dare to go a long journey while they are delaying, 
 
 aut vellere signa castris. Horti halantcs 
 
 or to tear up the standards from their camps. Let gardens smelling 
 
 croceis floribus invitent, et tutela Hellespontiaci 
 
 of eaf.'ron flowers invite tkcm. and the guardianship of Hellespontic 
 
 ..0 Priapi, custos furum atque avium, cum saligna 
 
 A " Priapus. the watchman of thieves and of birds, with his willow 
 
 falce, servet. Ipse cui talia cura ferens 
 
 sickle, prokerve those gardens. He to whom such things are a care 'bearing 
 
 thymurn que pinos de altis montibus, serat late 
 
 thyme a/id pines from the lofty mountains, may plant them far 
 
 circum tecu Ipse teratmanum duro labore, 
 
 around the hX-:s. Let him wear his hand with the bard labour of planting 
 
 ipse figat feraces plantas humo, et irriget amicos 
 
 let him place the fruitful plants in the ground, and diffuse friendly 
 
 imbres. Atque equidem, ni jam sub extreme fine 
 
 showers around them. And indeed, unless now about the last end 
 
 laborum, traham vela, et festinem advertere proram 
 
 of w) labours, I hould take in my sails, and hasten to turn the piov*
 
 113 
 
 terris ; forsitan et canerem, quae cura colendi orna* 
 
 to the land; perhaps also I might sing, what care of rultivating ahouU 
 
 ret pingues hortos, que rosaria Paesti, bi/eri ; 
 
 adorn the rich gardens, and the rose-beds of PIES turn, bearing twice a year; 
 
 que quo modo intyba, et ripae virides apio, , 2ft 
 
 and in what manner the endives, and banks green with parsley, 
 
 gauderent, rivis potis, que cucumis tortus per 
 
 should rejoice, the streams beingdrunkup, and the cucumber winding through 
 
 herbam, cresceret in ventrem, nee tacuis- 
 
 the grass, should grow into a ventriform shape, nor would I have passed in si- 
 
 sem Narcissum comantem sera, aut vimen flexi acanthi, 
 
 lence the daffodil flowering late, or the vine of the yielding acanthus, 
 
 que pallentes hederas, et myrtos amantes litora. Nam sub 
 
 and the pale- ivies, and myrtles loving the shores. For beneath 
 
 aids turribus (Ebaliae, qua . niger Galesus humectat 
 
 the high towers of Tarentum, where the dark stream Galesus moistens 
 
 flaventia culta, memini me vidisse Corycium se- 
 
 ihe yellow cultivated fields, I call to mind that I have seen a Corycian old 
 
 nem, cui erant pauca jugera relicti ruris : ilia seges 
 
 man. to whom were a few acres of un tilled land: that land 
 
 nec fertilis juvencis, nee opportuna pecori, nee 
 
 neither mas fit for bullocks, nor proper for flocks, nor 
 
 commoda Baccho. Tamen hie, premens olus rarum in 
 
 convenient for wine. Yet here, planting salad far apart among 
 
 dumis, que alba lilia circum, que verbenas, que . 
 
 the bushes, and white lilies around, and vervain, and AoU 
 
 vescum papaver, aequabat opes regum animis ; que 
 
 the esculent poppy, he levelled the wealth of kings to his thoughts; and 
 
 revertens domum sera nocte, onerabat mensas inemptis 
 
 returning home late at night, he loaded his tables with unbought 
 
 dapibus ; primus carpere rosam vere, atque poma 
 
 food ; he was the first to pluck the rose in spring, and fruits 
 
 autumno, et cum tristis hiems etiam nunc rumperet 
 
 in autumn, and when saddening winter still bursted 
 
 saxa frigore, et fraenaret cursus aquarum glacie, ille 
 
 the rocks with cold, and restrained the flowing of waters by ice, he 
 
 jam turn tondebat comam mollis acanthi, increpitans 
 
 even then plucked the foliage of the soft acanthus, blaming 
 
 seram sestatem que morantes Zephyros. Ergo, idem 
 
 the late summer and delaying west winds. Therefore, the same 
 
 primus abundare fetis apibus, atque multo . , ft 
 
 teas the first to abound in teeming bees, and an abundant "" 
 
 examine, et cogere spumantia mella pressis favis: illi 
 
 B warm, and to gather foaming honey from the pressed combs : for him 
 
 tiliae atque uberrima pinus ; que quot ppmis ferti- 
 
 lime trees and the most productive pine; and with so many fruits a? the 
 
 Us arbos induerat se in novo flore, tenebal totidem 
 
 productive bad clothed itself in the new flower, it retained just so many
 
 114 
 
 malura autumno. Illc etiam distulit aeras ulmos 
 
 ripened in autumn. He also set out late growing elms 
 
 in versnm, que eduram pyrum, et spinos jam ferentes 
 
 in exact order, and the hardy pear, and thorn trees now hearing 
 
 pruna, que platanum jam ministrantem umbras potantibus. 
 
 plums, and the plane tree now supplying shades to drinker* 
 
 Verum equidem ipse, exclusus iniquis spatiis, praetereo 
 
 But indeed I, excluded by unequal space, pass over 
 
 haec, atque relinquo memoranda post me 
 
 these subjects, and leave them to be commemorated after me 
 
 aliis. Nunc age, expediam quas naturas Jupiter ipse 
 
 by others. Now come, I will unfold what dispositions Jupiter himself 
 
 150 addidit apibus ; pro qui mercede, secutae canoros 
 
 has bestowed on bees ; for which reward, they pursuing the tuneful 
 
 sonitus Curetum que crepitantia aera, pavere regem coeli 
 
 sounds ofthcCuretes and the rattling brass, fed the king of heaven 
 
 aub Dictaeo antro. Solae habent natos 
 
 beneath the Dictzan cave. They alone ofallanimals have children 
 
 communes, eonsortia tecta urbis, que agitant apvum 
 
 in common, common dwellings of a city, and pass their life 
 
 sub magnis legibus ; et solae novere patriam et 
 
 beneath important laws; and alone they have known their country and 
 
 certos penates ; que memores hiemis venturae, expe- 
 
 a certain habitation; and mindful of winter about to come, they 
 
 riuntur laborem aestate, et reponunt quacsita in 
 
 undergo labour in summer, and lay up their gains in 
 
 medium. Namque alias invigilant victu, et 
 
 a common stock. For some watch diligently for food, and 
 
 pacto fnedere exercentur agris ; pars, intra 
 
 by a fixed agreement are occupied in the fields; apart, within 
 
 . R ~ septa domorum, ponunt lacrymam Narcissi, 
 
 ^^ the enclosures 01' their dwellings, lay up the tear of the Narcissus, 
 
 et lentum gluten de cortice, prima fundamina 
 
 and the clammy glue from the bark, for the first foundations 
 
 favis, deinde suspendunt tenaces ceras ; alice 
 
 for the honeycombs, then they hang around the adhesive wax; others 
 
 educunt adultos fetus, spem gentis ; alias stipant pu- 
 
 Irad out the grown young, the hope of the race ; others compress the 
 
 rissima mella, et distendunt cellas liquido nectare. 
 
 clearest honey, and swell out the cells with liquid nectar. 
 
 Sunt quibus cnstodia ad portas cecidit sorti; 
 
 There are ethers to whom guardianship at the gates falls by lot , 
 
 inque vicem speculantur aquas et nubila. coeli ; aut 
 
 and in turn they watch the waters and clouds of the sky; 01 
 
 accipiunt. onera venientum t aut agmine facto. 
 
 receive the loads of those coming, or a band being formed, 
 
 arcent fucos, ignavum pecus, a praesepibus. Opus 
 
 t hey drive off the drones, a slothful race, from the hives. The iv...h
 
 115 
 
 fervet ; que fragrantia mella redolent thymo. Ac veluti. 
 
 (lows: and the fragrant honey smells strongly of thyme. And at, 
 
 cum Cyclopes properant fulmina lentis massis, ._ ft 
 
 when the Cyclops forge in haste thunderbolts from ductile masses, *'" 
 
 alii accipiunt que reddimt auras taurinis follibus ; alii 
 
 some receive and give back the air in bull skin bellows ; others 
 
 tingunt stridentia sera lacu. ^Etna gemit, incudibus 
 
 dip the hissing brass in the water. ./Etna groans, their anvila 
 
 impositis ; illi, inter sese, tollunt brachia magna 
 
 being placed; they, among themselves, raise their arms with great 
 
 vi in numerum, que versant ferrum tenaci 
 
 strength in order, and turn the iron with the grasping 
 
 forcipe : non aliter, si licet componere parva 
 
 tongs: not otherwise, if it is allowed to compare Email things 
 
 magnis, innatus amor habendi urget Cecro.pias apes, 
 
 with great, the inborn love of possessing encourages the Athenian .bees, 
 
 quamque suo munere. Oppida curae gran- 
 each one in his own office. The hives are a care to the 
 
 daevis, et munire favos, et fingere Daedala tecta. 
 
 aged, both to fortify the combs, and to form artificial apartments. 
 
 At minores fessae referunt se niultft . ftrt 
 
 But the younger fatigued return in the advanced *^ 
 
 nocte, plenae rura thymo; pascuntur et arbuta 
 
 night, full as to their legs with thyme ; they feed also on arbutes 
 
 passim, et glaucas salices, que casiam, que rubentem 
 
 every where, and green willows, and cassia, and the blushing 
 
 crocum, et pinguem tiliam, et ferrugineos hyacinthos. 
 
 crocus, and the rich lime tree, and dark red hyacinth?. 
 
 Quies operum una omnibus, labor unus 
 
 Rest from fatigue of labours is the same to all, labour is the same 
 
 omnibus. Mane ruunt portis, nusquam 
 
 to all. In the morning they rush from their gates, there is nowhere 
 
 mora. Rursus, ubi Vesper admonuit easdem tandem 
 
 delay. Again, when evening has admonished the same at last 
 
 decedere campis e pastu, turn petunt tecta, turn 
 
 to depart from the fields from feeding, then they seek their hives, then 
 
 curant corpora; sonitus fit, quo mussant circum 
 
 they provide for their bodies ; a noise is made, and they buzz around 
 
 oras et limina. Post tibi jam compo- 
 
 tbe borders and thresholds of their hives. Afterwards when now they have 
 
 suere se thalamis, siletur in noctem, ,~q~ 
 
 settled themselves in their apartments, there is silence for the night, ^ 
 
 que suus sopor occupat fessos artus. Nee vero 
 
 and their own sleep occupies their wearied limbs. Nor indeed 
 
 pluvia impendente, recedunt longius a stabulis 
 
 the rain threatening, do they retreat far from their dwellings, 
 
 aut credunt coelo, Euris adventantibus ; sed, tulae 
 
 9i trust to the sky, the east winds approaching; but. safe
 
 116 
 sub mcenibus urbis, aquantur circum, que tentant 
 
 oeneath the ramparts of their city, they draw water around, and aitumpi 
 
 breves excursus : et saepe tollunt lapillos, ut instabiles 
 
 short excursions: and often they take up little stones, as tottering 
 
 cymbae saburram, fluctu jaclante : librant sese 
 
 boats have ballast, the wave tossing : they poise themselves 
 
 his per inania nubila. Mirabere ilium morem 
 
 with these through the empty clouds. You will wonder that that custom 
 
 placuisse apibus adeo, quod nee indulgent concubitu, 
 
 has pleased the bees so much, that neither do they indulge in marriage, 
 
 nec segnes solvunt corpora in Venerem, aut edunt 
 
 nor slothful do they relax their bodies in love, or produce 
 
 2 ~ fetus nixibus. Verum ipsae legunt natos e 
 
 their young by travail. But they gather their young from 
 
 foliis et suavibus herbis ore : ipsae sufficiunt 
 
 leaves and sweet herbs with their mouth : they supply 
 
 regem que parvos Quirites ; que refingunt aulas et 
 
 a king and little citizens; and rebuild for them halls ana 
 
 cerea regna. Saepe etiam attrivere alas errando 
 
 waxen kingdoms. . Often also have they worn their wings in wandering 
 
 in duris cotibus, que ultro dedere animam sub fasce : 
 
 over hard cliffs, and voluntarily yielded their'life under their burden: 
 
 tantus amor florum, et gloria generandi mellis. Ergo 
 
 so great is their love of flowers, and the glory of producing honey. Therefore 
 
 quamvis terminus angusti aevi excipiat ipsas (enim 
 
 although the boundary of a narrow life limit them (for 
 
 neque plus septima aestas ducitur), at genus manet 
 
 more than the seventh summer is passed over), yet the race remains 
 
 immortale, que fortuna domus stat per multos annos, 
 
 immortal, and the fortune of the house continues through many years, 
 
 et avi avorum numefantur. Praeterea non 
 
 and grandfathers of grandfathers are numbered. Besides not 
 
 oin -<Egyptus, et ingens Lydia, nec populi Parthorum, 
 
 **" Egypt, and great Lydia, nor the people of the Parthiaiis, 
 
 aut Medius Hydaspes, sic observant regem. Rege 
 
 or Median Hydaspes, are so obedient to their king. Their king 
 
 incolumi, est una mens omnibus ; amisso, rupere 
 
 being safe, there is one disposition to all ; he being lost, they have broken 
 
 fidem ; que ipsae diripuere constructa mella, et solvcre 
 
 their faith; and they have torn down theirfabricated honey, and loosened 
 
 crates favorum. Ille custos operum ; admiran- 
 
 the wattled texture of their combs. He is the keeper of their labours ; thoy ad- 
 
 tur ilium ; et omnes circumstant denso fremitu, que 
 
 mire him; and all stand around with frequent Luz/.ing, and 
 
 frequentes stipant, et saepe attollunt humoris, 
 
 in great numbers guard him, and often they raise Aim on '}v>ir shoulder? 
 
 t objectant corpora bello, que petur* pulchratn 
 
 and expose their bodies to death in war. and seek a glorious
 
 117 
 
 mortem per vulnera. Quidem, his signis, 
 
 death through wounds. Some, induced by these signs, 
 
 atque secuti haec exempla, dixere, parlera 
 
 and reflecting on these examples of prudence, have declared, that a portion 
 
 divinae mentis, et aethereos haustus, esse api- 
 
 of the divine mind, and celestial emanations, belong to 
 
 bus ; namque Deum ire per omnes, que terras, que 
 
 bees; for that God passes through all, both the earth, and 
 
 tractus marls, que profundum coelum. Hinc pecu 
 
 the regions of the sea, and the exalted sky. That from him 
 
 des, armenta, viros, omne genus feranm, quemque 
 
 flocks, herds, men, every kind of wild beasts, and every individual 
 
 nascentem, arcessere tenues vitas sibi. Sci- 
 
 coming into the world attract their delicate lives to themselves. Foras- 
 
 licet deinde omnia reddi, ac resoluta 
 
 much as they have said that afterwards all things are restored, and being dissolved 
 
 referri hue ; nee esse locum morti ; sed 
 
 are brought back here, and that there is not a state ol annihilation ; but 
 
 viva volare in numerum sideris, atque succedere alto 
 
 that alive they fly each into the order of his star, and lodge in high 
 
 coelo. Si quando relines angustam sedem, 
 
 heaven. If ai any time you will break open the narrow dwelling of the beet, 
 
 que mella servata thesauris, prius fovd ore 
 
 and plunder the honey stored in their treasuries, first bold in your mouth 
 
 haustus aquarum, sparsus, que praetende not) 
 
 draughts of water, sprinkling them, and carry before you "d" 
 
 tnanu fumos sequaces. Bis cogunt 
 
 with your hand smoke pursuing them. Twice they who keep beet collect 
 
 gravidos fetus : duo tempora messis ; simul Tay- 
 
 their heavy produce there are two times of honey-harvest ; as soon as Tay- 
 
 gete, Pleias, ostendit honestum os terris, et reppulit 
 
 gete, the Pleiad, has shown her beautiful face lu the earth, and driven back 
 
 spretos amnes Oceani pede ; aut ubi eadem, Fugiens 
 
 the spurned waters of the ocean xvith her foot ; or when the game, yielding to 
 
 sidiis aquosi piscis, descendit tristior ccelo 
 
 the constellation of the watery fish descends more sad from tho sky 
 
 in hibernas undas. Est illis ira supra modurn, que 
 
 ^nto the wintery waters. There is to them rage above measure, and 
 
 iansae inspirant venenum morsibus, .et, affixae 
 
 wounded they dart in poison by stinging, and, fastened 
 
 venis, relinquunt caeca spicula, que ponunt 
 
 to the veins, they leave their hidden stings, and lay down 
 
 animas in vulnere. Sin metues duram hiemem, 
 
 their lives in the wound But if you shall dread the pinching winter, 
 
 que parces futuro, que miserabere contusos 94ft 
 
 and will spare for the future, and will pity then drooping *4U 
 
 animos, et fractas res, at quis dubitet sum* re 
 
 courage, and impaired state, yet who can hesitate to perfume
 
 118 
 thymo, et recldere inanes ceras ? nam saepe 
 
 Mrm with thyme, and to cut off the empty wax 1 for often 
 
 ignotus stellio adedit favos, cubilia congesta 
 
 a skulking lizard consumes the honeycomb*, and their cells arc filled 
 
 blattis lucifugis ; que fucus immunis sedens 
 
 with moths avoiding the light ; and the drone free from labour sitting 
 
 ad aliena pabula, aut asper crabro imparibus armis 
 
 at another's honey, or the cruel hornet with unequal arms 
 
 immiscuit se, aut durum genus tineae ; aut aranea, 
 
 has joined himself in battle, or the direful race of tin? moth; or the spider, 
 
 invisa Minervae, suspendit laxos casses in foribus. Quo 
 
 hateful to Minerva, hangs his loose nets on the doors. By how much 
 
 magis fuerint exhaustae, hoc acrius omnes 
 
 the more they shall have been exhausted, by so much the more actively all 
 
 incumbent sarcire ruinas lapsi generis, que complebunt 
 
 will strive to supply the ruins of the fallen race, and they will fill 
 
 2 K foros, et texent horrea floribus. Si vero 
 
 " the cells, and will build combs from flowers. If indeed 
 
 (quoniam vita tulit nostros casus apibus 
 
 (since life has introduced our misfortunes to the bees 
 
 quoque) corpora languebunt tristi morbo, quod jam 
 
 also) their bodies shall faint with sad disease, this now 
 
 poteris cognoscere non dubiis signis : continuo est 
 
 you may know by undoubted signs. in the first place thei a in 
 
 asgris alius color ; horrida macies deformat vultuni ; 
 
 to the sick another colour, dreadful leanness deforms their countenance ; 
 
 turn exportant corpora carentum luce tectis, t 
 
 then they bear off the bodies of those deprived of life from the hives, and 
 
 ducunt tristia funera ; aut ilia?, connexae pedibus, pendent 
 
 lead out sad funerals, or they. united by the feet, hang 
 
 ad limina, aut omnes cunctantur intus in clausis 
 
 at the doors, or all stay within in their closed 
 
 eedibus, que ignavae fame, et pigrae frigore 
 
 dwellings, both slothful through hunger, and dull cold 
 
 contracto. Turn gravior sonus auditur, que 
 
 being caught. Then a deeper sound is heard, and 
 
 susurrant tractim, ut quondam frigidtfs Auster 
 
 they buzz continually, as when the cool south wind 
 
 immurmurat silvis; ut mare solicitum stridet, undis 
 
 rustles in the woods, as the sea agitated roars, the waves 
 
 refluentibus ; ut rapidus ignis aestuat clausis 
 
 flowing back; as the rapidly spreading fire rages in the enclosed 
 
 fornacibus. Hie jam suadebo incendere galbaneos 
 
 furnaces. Here, now I will advise you to burn galbanian 
 
 Adores, que inferre mella arundineis canalibus, ultro 
 
 odours, and to bring honey to them , in reedy troughs, voluntarily 
 
 bortantem, et vocantem fessas ad nola pabula. Et 
 
 encouraging, and calling them languid to the known food. And
 
 119 
 proderil admiscere tunsum saporem gallap., que arentes 
 
 it will profit to intermingle the expressed juice of a gall, and dritJ 
 
 rosas, aut defruta pinguia multo igrfi, vel passes 
 
 roses, or boiled wine made rich by much fire, or dried 
 
 racemos de Psythia, vite, que Cecropium thymuin. 
 
 clusters of grapes from the Psythian vine, and Cecropian thyme, 
 
 et grave olentia centaurea. Est etiam flos _ . 
 
 and the strong scented centaury. There is also the flower *"** 
 
 in pratis, ciii amello agricolas fecere 
 
 star-wort in the meadows, to which star-wort the farmers have given 
 
 nomen ; herba facilis quaerentibus ; namque tollit 
 
 its name, a plant plain to those seeking it; for it rears 
 
 ingentem silvam de uno cespite, ipse aureus ; 
 
 a great number of stalks from one bushy root, itself of a golden colour; 
 
 sed in foliis, quae plurima funduntur circum, 
 
 but in its leaves, which in great abundance are spread around, 
 
 purpura nigrae violse sublucet. Saepe arae 
 
 the purple of the dark violet shines. Often the altara 
 
 Deum ornatae torquibus nexis. Sapor 
 
 of the Gods are ornamented with wreaths woven from it. The taste 
 
 asper in ore; pastores legunt ilium in ton- 
 is bitter in the mouth ; the shepherds gather it in the 
 
 sis vallibus, et prope curva flumina Mellae. 
 
 new-mowed valleys, and near the winding streams ofMella. 
 
 Incoque radices hujus odorato Baccho, que ap- 
 
 Boii the roots of it with fragrant wine, and 
 
 pone, pabula, plenis canistris 2ft0 
 
 place them, as nourishment for the bees, in full baskets 
 
 in foribus. Sed si omnis proles subito defecerit 
 
 before the doors. But if all the stock suddenly shall fail 
 
 quern, nee habebit unde genus novas stirpis 
 
 any one, and he shall not have the means whence the race of a new stock 
 
 revocetur ; tempus et pandere memoranda 
 
 may be restored ; it will be time even to lay open the memorable 
 
 inventa Arcadii magistri, quoque modo jam 
 
 discoveries of the Arcadian master, and by what method now 
 
 insincerus cruor saepe tulerit apes caesis juvencis ; 
 
 putrid blood often has bred bees from slain bullocks, 
 
 expediam omnem famam altius, repetens ab 
 
 I will trace the whole report at large, rehearsing it front 
 
 prima origine. Nam qua fortunata gens Pellaei Cano- 
 
 its first original. For where the happy nation ofPellcean Cano- 
 
 pi accolit Nilum, stagnantem effuso 
 
 pus dwells near the Nile, laying under water the country with an overflowing 
 
 flumine, et vehitur circum sua rura pictis phaselis ; 
 
 stream, and sails around its own fields in painted galleys 
 
 que qua vicinia pharetratae Persidis urget, ^an 
 
 and where the neighbourhood of quivered Persia is hard by *"W
 
 120 
 et fec-undat uiridem ^Egyptum nigra arentk, et 
 
 that nation, and enriches verdant Egypt with black mud, and 
 
 amnis, devexus usque a coloratis Indis, ruens, dis- 
 
 the river, poured down even from the tawny Indians, rushing, tuns 
 
 currit in septem diversa ora ; omms regio jacit 
 
 out into seven different' mouths, all the country places 
 
 certain salutem in hac arte. Pnmum exiguus locus 
 
 ure relief in this art. First a small placr 
 
 eligitur, atque contractus ad ipsos usus ; premunt hunc 
 
 is selected, and procured for these purposes ; they enclose this 
 
 locum imbrice, que angusti tecti, que arctis panetibus ; 
 
 place with the tile, both of a narrow roof, and with closed walls; 
 
 et addunt quatuor fenestras obliqua luce a quatuor 
 
 and they add four windows with transverse light from the four 
 
 ventis. Turn vitulus, jam curvans cornua fronte, 
 
 winds. Then a steer, now bending bis horivs in bis forehead, 
 
 biina quaeritur : gemmae nares, et 
 
 two years old is sought out both his nostrils are closed, and 
 
 spiritus oris obstruitur huic reluctant! multa, 
 
 the breath of his mouth is obstructed to him struggling much. 
 
 que vicera, tunsa per integram pellem, solvuntur 
 
 and his entrails, beaten through bis unbroken skin, are burst witkim 
 
 perempto plagis. Linquunt positum sic in clauso, 
 
 Aim killed by blows. They leave Aim iaid out thus in an enclosed 
 
 et subjiciunt costis ramea fragmenta, thymum, 
 
 place, and place beneath his ribs branchy fragments of trees, thyme. 
 
 que recentes casias. Hoc geritur Zephyris primum 
 
 and fresh cassia. This is done the west winds first 
 
 impellentibus undas, antequam prata rubeant novis 
 
 driving the waves, before . the meadows blush with new 
 
 coloribus, antequam garrula hirundo suspendat nidum 
 
 colours, before the chattering swallow hangs his nrt 
 
 tignis. Interea tepefactus humor in teneris 
 
 from the rafters. In the mean time the warm moisture in his tender 
 
 ossibus aestuat ; et animalia visenda miscentur miris 
 
 bones ferments; and animals to be wondered at are mustered in strange 
 
 o, ft modis, trunca pedum primo, et mox stridentia 
 
 "'V ways, short in their feet at first, and soon after buzzing 
 
 pennis, magis que magis carpunt tenuem aera ; donee, ut 
 
 with wings, mote and more they enjoy the light air; until, as 
 
 imber effusus aestivis nubibus, erupere ; aut ut 
 
 shower poured out from summer clouds, they have burst forth; or a* 
 
 sagittae pulsante nervo, si quando leves Parthi 
 
 arrows from the impelling string, if at any time the light Parthians 
 
 ineunt prima praelia. Musae, quis, quis Deus extudit 
 
 enter on their first contests Ye Muses, what, what God invented 
 
 hanc artem nobis ? unde nova experientia hominum 
 
 this art for us? whence doe* this new eiperience of men
 
 121 
 
 cepit ingressus ? Pastor Aristaeus, fugiens Penela 
 
 take its origin? The shepherd Aristaeus. flying from Peneian 
 
 Tempe, apibus amissis, que morbo que fame, ut 
 
 Tenipe, his bees being lost, both by disease and by hunger, as 
 
 fama, astitit Iristis ad sacrum caput extremi arnnis, 
 
 the report is, stood mournful by thesacred fountain of the rising river. 
 
 querens multa : atque affatus parentem hac ~ 2ft 
 
 complaining much- and having accosted his mother with this " 
 
 voce: - Maler Cyrene, mater, quae tenes ima 
 
 address: O mother Cyrene. O mother, who inhabited the depths 
 
 hujus gurgitis, quid genuisti me, invisum fatis, prae- 
 
 of this pool, why did you bear me, hateful to the fates, from 
 
 clara stirpe Deorum, si modo Thymbraeus Apollo, 
 
 the renowned race of the gods, if now Thymbrian Apollo, 
 
 quern perhibes, est pater? aut quo est amor nostri 
 
 whom you declare my father, is my father? or whither is the love of us 
 
 pulsus tibi ? quid jubebas me sperare coelum ? 
 
 banished from you? why did you command me to hope for heaven? 
 
 En, te matre, relinquo hunc honorem ipsum mortalis 
 
 Lo, you being my mother, I yield this honour itself of mortal 
 
 vitae, quern solers custodia frugum et pecudum vix 
 
 life, which the diligent care of fruits and cattle scarcely 
 
 extuderat tentanti omnia. Quin age, et 
 
 had struck out for me attempting all things. But come on, and 
 
 ipsa erue felices silvas inarm; fer inimieum 
 
 do you tear up these happy groves with your hand; bear hostile 
 
 ignem stabulis, atque interfice messes ; ure ,/% 
 
 to my ox-stalls, and destroy my ripe corn , burn " 
 
 sata, et molire validam bipennem in vites : 
 
 my standing corn, and wield the strong axe against my vines, 
 
 si tanta taedia meae laudis ceperunt te. At mater 
 
 if so great neglect of my praise has seized you. But his mother 
 
 sensit sonitum sub thalamo alti fiuminis : circum 
 
 heard the sound beneath the chamber of the deep river. around 
 
 earn nymphae carpebant Milesia vell'era, fucata saturo 
 
 her the nymphs were carding Milesian fleeces, dyed with the rich 
 
 colore hyali : que Drymo, que Xanlho, que Ligea, que 
 
 lolour of sea-green: both Drymo, and Xantho, and Ligea, and 
 
 Phyllodoce, effusaB nitidam caesariem per Candida 
 
 Phyllodoce, disheveling their shining hair over their while 
 
 colla; Nesaee que Spio, que Thalia que Cymodoce, que 
 
 necks: Nessee and Spio, and Thalia and Cymodoce, and 
 
 Cydippe, et flava Lycorias ; altera virgo, altera turn 
 
 Cydippe, and beautiful Lycorias, the one a maid, the other then 
 
 experta primos labores Lucina? , que Clio, , 4ft 
 
 having experienced the first labours of Lucina and Clio "'*' 
 
 et Beroe soror, ambae Oceamtides, amba? auro, 
 
 also Beroe her sister, both daughters of Ocnanus b.Uli adornod with gold.
 
 122 
 ambae incinctae pictis pellibus ; atque Ephyre, atque 
 
 both girt with painted skins , and Ephyre, and 
 
 Opis, et Asia Dei'opeia, et velox Arethusa, sagittis 
 
 Opis. and Asia Deiopeia, and swift Arethusa, ktr arrows 
 
 tandem positis : inter quas Clymene narrabat 
 
 t length being laid aside : among whom Crymene was relating 
 
 inanem curam Vulcani, que dolos Martis, et dulcia 
 
 the vain care of Vulcan, and the deceits of Mars, and bis pleasant 
 
 furta, que numerabat densos amores Divftm 
 
 thefts, and was enumerating the many loves of the gods 
 
 Chao : dum captae quo carmine devolvunt mollia 
 
 from Chaos, whilst delighted by this song they wind off their soft 
 
 pensa fusis, luctus Aristae! iteruin impulit 
 
 tasks from their spindles, the complaint of ArisUeus again struck 
 
 - maternas aures, que omnes vitreis sedilibus 
 
 **"" his mother's ears, and all in their glassy seats 
 
 obstupuere: sed ante alias sorores," Arethusa prospiciens, 
 
 were amazed but before the other sisters, Arethusa looking out, 
 
 extulit flavum caput summa, unda; et procul, 
 
 raised her beautiful head from the surface of the water ; and afar off, 
 
 O soror Gyrene, non frustra externta tanto gemitu, 
 
 said- O sister Cyrene, not in vain alarmed by so great mourning, 
 
 Aristaeus ipse, tua maxima cura, tnstis, stat lacrymans 
 
 Aristcus himself, thy greatest care, sad, stands weeping 
 
 tibi, ad undam genitoris Penei, et dicit te crudelem 
 
 to you, at the fountain bead of your father Pencils, and calls you cruel 
 
 nomine. Mater, percussa mentem nova, formidine, 
 
 by name. The mother, struck in her mind by sudden fear, 
 
 ait huic : Age, due, due ad nos ; fas illi tangere 
 
 said to her- Come, lead, lead him to us, it is allowed for him to reach 
 
 limina Divum. Simul jubet aha flumina 
 
 the courts of the gods. At the same time she orders the deep rivers 
 
 fift discedere late, quajuvenis inferred gressus. At 
 
 "" u to withdraw on either side, where the youth should direct bis steps. But 
 
 unda, curvata in faciem montis, circumstetit ilium, que 
 
 the water, being arched into the form of a mountain, surrounded him, and 
 
 accepit vasto sinu, que misit sub amnein. 
 
 received Kim in its vast bosom, and conveyed Aim beneath the river. 
 
 Jamque ibat mirans domum genetricis, et humida 
 
 And now he went admiring the palace of his mother, and the liquid 
 
 regna, que lacus clauses speluncis, que sonantes lucos, 
 
 realms, and' the lakes enclosed in caverns, and the sounding groves, 
 
 et, stupefaclus ingenti motu aquarum, spectabat 
 
 and, astonished at the great commotion of the waters, beheld 
 
 omnia flumina labentia sub magni terra, diversa 
 
 Jl the rivers gliding beneath the great earth, distinguished 
 
 locis ; que Phasim que Lycum, et caput, 
 
 ID their places both Fhasis and Lycus and the fountain
 
 unde Enipeus pnnium emmpit se, unde pater 
 
 whence Enipeus first bursts itself, whence father 
 
 Tiberinus, et unde Aniena fluenta, que Hypanis 
 
 Tiber, and whence Anio's stream, and Hypanis 
 
 sonans saxosum, que Mysus Caicus, et ,e 
 
 roaring among the rocks, and Mysian Caicus, and ** 
 
 Eridanus, taurino vultu, auratus gemina cornua< 
 
 Eridanus, with his bull-like countenance, gilded as 10 his two horns, 
 
 quo non alius amnis influit violentior per 
 
 than which not any .river flows more violently through 
 
 pinguia culta in purpureum mare. Postquam 
 
 fruitful cultivated fields into the purple sea. After 
 
 perventum est in tecta thalami pendentia pu- 
 
 he had come to the roof of her grot hanging with pu- 
 
 mice, et Cyrene cognovit inanes fletus nati, 
 
 mice stones, and Cyrene had known the vain complaints of her son, 
 
 germanae dant liquidos foqtes manibus, ordine, que 
 
 her sisters pour pure waters on his hands, in order, and 
 
 ferunt mantilia tonsis villis. Pars onerant mensad 
 
 bring towels with soil nap. A part load the table* 
 
 epulis, et reponunt plena pocula. Arae adolescunt 
 
 with feasts, and replace the full bowls. The altars blazo 
 
 Panohaeis ignibus* Et mater ait ; cape carchesia 
 
 with Panchaean fires. Also the mother says ; take goblets 
 
 Maeonii Bacchi, libemus Oceano. Simul OQ/> 
 
 ofMieonion wine, let us make a libation to Ocean us. At once "O" - 
 
 ipsa precatur que Oceanum, patrem rerum, que sorores 
 
 she prays both Oceanus, the parent of things, and the sister 
 
 nymphas, quae centum silvas, quae servant 
 
 nymphs, who rule over an hundred woods, who preside over 
 
 centum flumina. Ter perfudit ardentem Vestanx 
 
 an hundred streams. . Thrice she sprinkled glowing Vesta 
 
 liquido nectare; ter flamma subjecta ad summum 
 
 with pure nectar ; thrice the flame being roused to the top 
 
 tecti reluxit : quo omine firmans animum, ipsa 
 
 of the roof shone forth: by which omen confirming her mind, she 
 
 sic incipit : In Carpathio gurgite Neptuni, est vates, 
 
 thus began; In the Carpathian gulf of Neptune, is a prophet, 
 
 caeruleus Proteus, qui metitur magnum aequor piscibus, 
 
 azure Proteus, who measures the great sea with fishes, 
 
 et juncto curru bipedum equorum. Hie nunc 0ft 
 
 and a yoked chariot of two-footed horses. He now "" 
 
 revisit portus Emathiae, que patriam Pallenen : et 
 
 revisits the harbours ofEmatliia, and his country Pallene: and tct 
 
 nymphae, et grandaevus Nereus ipse, veneramur hunc ; 
 
 nymphs, and the aged Nereus himself, worship him ; 
 
 namque vates novit omnia quae sint, quae fucrint, 
 
 fur the prophet knows all things which are, which have been.
 
 124 
 
 quae trahantur, mox ventura -. quippe lU 
 
 which are continued, presently about to come to pass : for Ihui 
 
 visum est Neptuno, cujus immania armeftta et turpes 
 
 it seemed good to Neptune, whose huge herds and shapeless 
 
 phocas pascit sub gurgite. Nate, hie prius capiendus 
 
 seals he feeds beneath the pool. O son, he first is to be taken 
 
 tibi vinclis, m expediat omnem causam morbi, que 
 
 by you in chains, that he may unfold all the cause of the disease, and 
 
 secundet eventus. Nam non dabit ulla praccepta sine 
 
 favour the event. For he will not give any commands without 
 
 vi, neque flectes ilium orando ; tende duram 
 
 violence, nor can you influence him by entreaty ; apply severo 
 
 40ft vim et vincula capto: doli circum haec 
 
 ^" force and chains to him taken: his frauds about these 
 
 inanes demum frangentur. Ego ipsa, cum sol 
 
 becoming vain at last will be destroyed. I myself, when the sun 
 
 accenderit medios aestus, cum herbae sitiunt, et jam 
 
 has kindled his meridian beat, when the grass dries up, and now 
 
 umbra est gratior pecori, ducam te in secreta 
 
 the shade is more grateful to the flock, will lead thee into the retirement 
 
 senis, quo fessus recipit se ab undis, ut 
 
 of the old man, whither wearied he withdraws himself from the wavea, that 
 
 facile aggrediare jacentem somno. Verum ubi tene- 
 
 easily you may attack him reclining in sleep. But when you 
 
 bis. correptum manibus, que vinclis, turn variae 
 
 hall hold him seized with your hands, and chains, then varied 
 
 species atque ora ferarum illudent. Enim subito 
 
 forms and countenances of wild beasts will deceive you. For suddenly 
 
 fiet horridus sus, que atra tigris, que squamosus 
 
 he will become a rough bear, and black tiger, and a scaly 
 
 draco, et leaena fulva cervice ; aut dabit acrem sonitum 
 
 dragon, and a lioness of yellow neck; or will give the violent sound 
 
 . lft flammae, atque ita excidet vinclis; aut dilapsus in 
 
 '*!" of flame, and thus will escape from chains; or Aiding into 
 
 tenues aquas abibit. Sed quanto magis ille vertet 
 
 the light waters he shall escape. But by how much the more he shall change 
 
 ge in omnes formas, tanto magis, nate, contende tena- 
 
 himself into all shapes, so much the more, O son, stretch the grasp 
 
 cia vincla, donee erit talis, corpore mutato, qualem 
 
 ing chains, until be shall be such, bis body being changed, as 
 
 videris cum tegeret lumina, somno incepto. 
 
 you may have seen him when he covered his eyes, sleep having begun 
 
 Ait haec, et diffudit liquidum 
 
 to mtrpower him. She said these Mngt, and poured around the liquid 
 
 odorem ambrosias, quo perduxit totum corpus 
 
 odour of ambrosia, with which she anointed the entire body 
 
 nati ; at dulcis aura spiravit illi crinibus compo- 
 
 f her son; but the pleasant gale breathed on him from his locks disposed
 
 125 
 
 sitis, atqne habilis vigor venit membris. Est ingens 
 
 til order, and a vigorous strength came to his limbs. There IB a great 
 
 specus in latere exesi mentis, quo plurima 
 
 den in the side of an excavated mountain, where in great abundance 
 
 unda cogitur vento, que scindit sese in , 
 
 the water is collected by the wind, and divides itself into 4.6 J 
 
 reductos sinus ; olim tutissima statio nautis deprensis. 
 
 retired bays; formerly a very safe station for sailors caught in a, storm. 
 
 Proteus tegit se objice vasti saxi. Hie 
 
 Proteus conceals himself by the projection of a great rock. Here 
 
 nympha collocat juvenem aversura a lumine, in late- 
 
 the nymph places the youth turned away from the light, in dark. 
 
 bris, ipsa resistit procul obscura nebulis. Jam rapidus 
 
 ness, she stands back afar off darkened by mists. Now the rapid 
 
 Sirius, torrens sitientes Indos, ardebat coelo, et igneus 
 
 dog-star, burning the thirsty Indians, glowed in the sky, and the fiery 
 
 sol hauserat medium orbem ; herbae arebant, et radii 
 
 Eun had finished half bis circuit; the grass dried up, and the rays 
 
 coquebant cava flumina tepefacta faucibus 
 
 of the sun boiled the hollow streams warmed in their channels 
 
 siccis ad limum ; cum Proteus ibat e fluctibus petens 
 
 dried to clay ; when Proteus went from the waves seeking 
 
 consueta antra. Humida gens vasti ponti, . 
 
 hit! accustomed cave. The watery nation of the vast sea, '*" 
 
 exsultans circum eum, dispergit amarum rorem. Phocae 
 
 exulting around him, scattered the briny dew. Seals 
 
 sternunt se, diversse in litore. Ipse, velut olim 
 
 stretch themselves, scattered along the shore. He, as when 
 
 custos stabuli in montibus, ubi vesper reducit 
 
 the keeper of a stall upon the mountains, when the evening brings back 
 
 vitulos e pastu ad tecta, que agni acuunt lupos, 
 
 the calves from pasture to shelter, and the lambs provoke the wolves, 
 
 balatibus auditis, considit medius scopulo, que 
 
 their bleatings being heard, sits in the midst on a rock, and 
 
 recenset nnmerum. Cujus, quoniam 
 
 counts up the number of his flock. Of confining whom, because 
 
 facultas oblata est AnstaeO ; vix passus scnem 
 
 opportunity was offered to Aristtcus ; hardly did he suffer the old man 
 
 componere defessa membra, ruit cum magno 
 
 to rest his wearied limbs, he rushes on with a great 
 
 clamore, que occupat jacentem manicis. Contra, ille, 
 
 cry, and seizes him reclining in chains. On the other hand, he, 
 
 non immemor suae artis, transformat sese ,. 
 
 not unmindful of his art, converts himself into 44U 
 
 omnia miracula rerum, que ignem que horribilem 
 
 11 the wonders of strange things, both fire and a dreadful 
 
 feram, que liquentem fluvium. Verum ubi nulla fallacia 
 
 wild beast, and a flowirg river. But when no deception
 
 126 
 
 repent fugam, victus, redit in sese, atque tan 
 
 provided escape, overcome, he returned to himself, and a 
 
 dem locutus ore hominis : Quisnam jussit te 
 
 ength spoke with the voice of a man : Who has commanded you 
 
 confidentissime juvenum, adire nostras domos j 
 
 most confident of youth, to approach our dwellings! 
 
 quidve petis hinc ? inquit. At ille ait : Proteu, scis, 
 
 or what do you seen here 7 he said. But he said : Proteus, you know, 
 
 ipse scis, neque est cuiquam fallere te ; sed tu desine 
 
 you know, nor is it for any one .to deceive you ; but do you cease 
 
 velle : secuti praecepta Deum, venimus hue quae- 
 
 to desire it: pursuing the commands of the gods, we have come hither to 
 
 .en situm oracula lapsis rebus. Effatus tantum, 
 
 " question the oracles about our fallen affairs. Having said only 
 
 ad haec denique vates intorsit oculos, ardentes 
 
 tfiis, at these words finally the prophet turned his eyes, glowing 
 
 glauco lumine ; et frendens graviter, sic resolvit 
 
 with azure light; and gnashing his teeth violently, thus he opened 
 
 ora fatis : Irae non nullius numinis exercent 
 
 his mouth to the fates : The rage of no subordinate deity persecute* 
 
 te; luis magna commissa: Orpheus, miserahilis, 
 
 you ; you suffer for great offences : Orpheus, wretched, 
 
 haudquaquam ob meritum, suscitat tibi has 
 
 by no means on account of his desert, excites against you these 
 
 pcenas, ni fata resistant; et saevit graviter 
 
 punishments, unless the fat ea should oppose; and 'rages fic'rccly 
 
 Kro conjuge rapttl. Ilia puella, quidem, moritura, 
 
 r bis wife stolen from him. The maid, indeed, about to die, 
 
 dum praeceps fugeret te per flumina, non vidit, ante 
 
 while headlong she fled thee along the rivers, did not see, ' before 
 
 pedes in altsl herba, immanem hydrum servantem 
 
 her feet among the high grass, a dreadful water-snake guarding 
 
 , fin ripas. At chorus Dryadum, aequalis, implcrunt 
 
 *" U the banks. But the band of Dryads, her associates, filled 
 
 supremos montes clamore : Rhodope'iae arces flerunt, 
 
 the loftiest mountains with their cry : the Rhodnpeian rocks wept, 
 
 que alta Pangaea, et Mavortia tellus Rhesi, atque Geta, 
 
 and lofty Pangtea, and the martial land of Rhesus, and the Gets, 
 
 atque Hebrus, atque Actias Orythyia. Ipse solans aegrum 
 
 nd Hebrus, and Atiic Orythia. He assuaging Ai* pining 
 
 amorem cava, testudine, te dulcis conjux, secum 
 
 love with his hollow shell, tang of thee O sweet wife, by himself 
 
 in solo litore, te die veniente, canebat te 
 
 on the lonely shore, he sang of thee the day approaching, he sang of thee 
 
 decedente. Ingressus Taenarias fauces, alta ostia 
 
 th day departing. Having entered the Tsnarian straits, the high gales 
 
 Ditis, et lucum caligantem nigra formidine, adiit 
 
 of Pluto, and the grove dark with gloomy horror, he approached
 
 127 
 
 que Manes, que tremendum regem, que corda nescia 
 
 both the rnanes, and the dreaded king, and hearts not known 
 
 niansuescere humanis precibus. At tenues umbrae, ,_,* 
 
 to become softened by human prayers. But the light shades, **' " 
 
 commotai cantu, que simulacra carentum luce, ibant 
 
 being moved by his song, and the ghosts of those deprived of life, went 
 
 de imis sedibus Erebi ; quam multa millia avium 
 
 from the lowest mansions of Erebus; as many thousands of bird* 
 
 condunt se in silvis, ubi vesper aut hibernus 
 
 conceal themselves in the woods, when evening or a wintry 
 
 imber agit de montibus ; matres atque viri, que 
 
 rain drives them from the mountains ; mothers and husbands, and 
 
 corpora magnanimum heroum defuncta vita, pueri, 
 
 the bodies of high-minded heroes deprived of life, boys, 
 
 que innuptae puellae ; que juvenes impositi 
 
 and unmarried maids; and youth placed 
 
 rogis. ante ora parentum quos niger 
 
 on funeral piles before the faces of their parents whom the dark 
 
 Hmus, et deformis arundo Cocyti, que inamabilis palus, 
 
 clay, and mishapen reed of Cocytus, and the unlovely lake, 
 
 tarda undal, circum alligat, et Styx novies inter- 
 
 with slow moving wave, around hems in, and Styx nine times flowing 
 
 fusa coercet. Quin domus ipsae, atque . ftft 
 
 between restrains. But the mansions themselves, and 4oU 
 
 intima Tartara lethi, que Eumenides implexaa 
 
 the inmost Tartarean depths of death, and the Furies intertwining 
 
 caeruleos angues crinibus, obstupuere ; que Cerberus 
 
 azure snakes in Weir hair, were astounded ; and Cerberus 
 
 inhians tenuit tria ora ; atque rota Ixionii 
 
 gaping wide restrained his three mouths; and the whirling oflxion's 
 
 orbis constitit cantu. Jamque referens pedera, 
 
 wheel was stayed by his song. And now withdrawing his foot, 
 
 evaserat omnes casus ; que Eurydice reddita 
 
 be had escaped all casualties ; and Eiindice restored 
 
 veniebat ad superas auras, sequens pone ; namque 
 
 approached to the upper air, following behind; for 
 
 Proserpina dederat hanc legem ; cum subita dementia 
 
 Proserpine bad given this condition ; when sudden madness 
 
 cepit incautum amantem, ignoscenda quidem, si 
 
 seized the inconsiderate lover, pardonable indeed, if 
 
 Manes scirent ignoscere. Restitit, que immemor, 
 
 be Shades' knew how to pardon. He stepped, both thoughtless 
 
 neu ! que victus animi, respexit suam Ery- ,q~ 
 
 alas! and overcome in mind, be looked buck upon his Ery- 
 
 dicen jam sub luce ipsa : ibi omnis labor efFusns, 
 
 dice now on the verge of the light itself: there all his labour was lost, 
 
 atque fcedera immitis tyranni rupta, que fragor 
 
 and the conditions of the merciless tyrant were broken, and a noise
 
 128 
 ter audilus Avernis stagnis. Ilia inquit, 
 
 thrice was hoard in the Averninn pools. She said, CnAappy A*. 
 
 Quis perdidit et me, miseram, et tc, Orpheu 
 
 band! who has ruined both, me, wreulied, and yourself, O Orphcii*! 
 
 quis tantus furor ? En iterum crudelia F-xta vocant 
 
 what great madness is this 1 Lo again the pitiless Fates call 
 
 me retro, qne somnus condit natantia lumina Jamque 
 
 me back, and Bleep closes my flowing eyes. And now 
 
 vale : feror circumdata ingenti nocte ; que tendens 
 
 farewell- 1 am borne away surrounded by extensive night; and *t retching 
 
 invalidas palmas tibi, heu ! non tua. Dixit : 
 
 my powerless hands to you, alas I not your own. She said : 
 
 et subito fugit diversa ex oculis, cen fumus 
 
 and suddenly flod a different way from his eyes, as smoke 
 
 _~~ commixtus in tenues auras ; neque praeterea vidit 
 
 commingled in the thin air; nor more did she see 
 
 ilium, prensantem umbras nequicquam, et volentem 
 
 him, grasping the shades in vain, and wishing 
 
 dicere multa; nee portitor Orci passus 
 
 to pay many things: nor did the ferryman of hell suffer Aim 
 
 amplius tansire objectam paludem. Quid faceret ? 
 
 any more to pass over the intervening lake. What could hi: do? 
 
 quo ferret se, conjuge bis rapta,? 
 
 whither could he withdraw himself, bia wife twice snatched away? 
 
 quo fletu Manes ? quit voce moveret 
 
 by what weeping could he soothe the Shades? by what language could he move 
 
 numina? Ilia quidem, jam frigida, nabat StygiA, 
 
 the gods? She indeed, already dead, sailed in the Stygian 
 
 cymba. Perhibent, ilium flevisse septem totos menses ex 
 
 boaf. They say, that he wept seven whole months in 
 
 ordine, sub aeri& rupe, ad undam deserti Strymonis, 
 
 succession, beneath a high rock, by the wave of the Strymo/i, 
 
 et evolvisse hsec sub gelidis antris, mulcentem 
 
 and mused on these griefs beneath the cold caves, soothing 
 
 _. ft tigres, et agentem quercus carmine: qualis 
 
 J ^ the tigers, and leading the oaks with As song: a* 
 
 Philomela, mrerens sub populea, umbra, querilur 
 
 Philomela, mourning beneath the poplar shade, laments 
 
 amissos fetus, quos durus arator, observans implumes 
 
 her lost young, which the cruel ploughman finding un leathered 
 
 nido, detraxit; at ilia flet noctem, que 
 
 iu the nest, took out ; but she mourns through the night, and 
 
 sedens ramo, integral miserabile carmen, et implet 
 
 sitting on a branch, renews her wretched song, and fills 
 
 loca late moestis qnestibus. Nulla Venus, 
 
 the places far around with mournful complaints No love. 
 
 que nulli Hymenaei, flexere animum. Solus lustrabat 
 
 and no nuptial rites, moved his mind. Alone be surveyed
 
 Hyperbornas glacies, que nivalem TanaTm, que arva 
 
 the northern ice, and the snowy Tanai's, and the fields 
 
 nunquam viduata Riphaeis pruinis, querens Eurydicen 
 
 never bereaved of Riphean frosts. lamenting that liuryrtico 
 
 raptam, atque dona Ditis irrita; quo 
 
 bad been taken, and that the rant of Pluto teas unavailing, winch 
 
 munere spreto, malres Ciconum, inter sa- f.^ 
 
 rite being despised, the dames of the Ciconians, at the sa- *v 
 
 era Deum que orgia Bacchi, nocturni, sparsere 
 
 cred rites of the gods and orgies of Bacchus, celebrated in the night, scattered 
 
 juvenem discerptum per latos agros. Turn 
 
 the youth torn in pieces through the broad fields. Then 
 
 quoque cum Oeagrius Hebrus, portans caput, revulsum 
 
 also when Oeagrian Hebrus, floating his head, torn 
 
 a marmorea cervice, medio gurgite, volveret, 
 
 from his beautiful neck, in the midst of its stream, rolled it along, 
 
 vox ipsa, et frigida lingua, vocabat Eurydicen, ah ! 
 
 his voice itself, and cold tongue, called Eurydice, alas ! 
 
 miseram Eurydicen, anima fugiente ; ripse 
 
 unhappy Eurydice, while his soul was departing; the bunks 
 
 referebant Eurydicen toto flumine. Proteus 
 
 re-echoed Eurydice through all the stream. Proteus said 
 
 haec, et dedit se jactu in altum asquor; 
 
 these words, and plunged himself by a leap into the deep sea ; 
 
 quaque dedit torsit spumantem undam sub 
 
 and where he cast himself he turned the foaming wave round 
 
 vertice. At Cyrene non : namque afla- _ 
 
 his head. But Cyrene did not : for she ac- * J "*' 
 
 ta timentem ultro : Nate, licet depo- 
 
 costed her trembling son voluntarily : O son, it is allowed to you to lay 
 
 nere tristes curas animo. Ha?c omnis causa mor 
 
 aside mournful cares from your mind. This is all the cause of your 
 
 bi ; hinc nymphae, cum quibus ilia agitabat chores 
 
 grief; hence the nymphs. with whom she exercised dai'ces 
 
 in altis lucis, misere miserabile exitium apibns. 
 
 in the deep groves, sent wretched desolation to the bees. 
 
 Tu supplex tende munera, petens pacem, et venerare 
 
 Do you humbly present offerings, em-ing for peace, and venerate 
 
 faciles Napaeas , namque dabunt veniam 
 
 the kindly wood nymphs: for they will grant pardon 
 
 votis, que remittent iras. Sed dicam prius 
 
 to your vows, and will relax their wrath. But I shall declare first 
 
 ordine, qui sit modus orandi. Delige quatuor 
 
 in order, what may be the method of entreating. Select four 
 
 eximios tauros preestanti corpore, qui mine depascunt 
 
 chuicii bulls of a comely form, which now feed upon
 
 130 
 
 Humma viridis Lycaei, et totidem juvencas 
 
 tno heights of green Lycxua, and as many heifers 
 
 cervice intactu. Constitue auatuor aras his ad alta 
 
 with necks untouched. Place four ' altars by them at the lofty 
 
 delubra Dearum, et demitte sacrum cruorem 
 
 shrines of the goddesses, and let out the sacred blood 
 
 iugulis ; que desere ipsa corpora bourn frondoso 
 
 from their throats ; and leave the bodies of the cattle in the leafy 
 
 luco. Post, ubi nona Aurora ostenderit suos ortus, 
 
 grove. Afterwards, when the ninth morning has displayed her dawn, 
 
 mittes Letnaea papavera inferias Orphei, 
 
 you (hall present Lethean poppies as funeral offerings to (.fphcus, 
 
 ycnerabere placatam Eurydicen, vitula caesa, et 
 
 you shall venerate appeased Eurydice, a calf being slain, and 
 
 mactabis nigram ovem, que revises lucum. 
 
 hall sacrifice a black sheep, and shall revisit the grove. 
 
 Haud mora : continue facessit praecepta malris ; 
 
 There is no delay: forthwith he executes the orders of his mother; 
 
 venit ad delubra ; excitat monstratas aras, ducit quatuor 
 
 comes to the shrines ; erects the appointed altars, leads out fout 
 
 -_ ft eximios tauros praestanti corpore, et totidem 
 
 *"" choice bulls of excellent body, and aa many 
 
 juvencas cervice intacta. Post, ubi nona 
 
 heifers with their necks untouched. Afterwards, when the ninth 
 
 Aurora induxerat suos ortus, mittit inferias Orphei, 
 
 morning had led up her dawn, he oilers the sacrifices to Orpheus, 
 
 que revisit lucum. Hie vero aspiciunt subitum monstrum 
 
 and returns to the grove. Here indeed they behold a sudden prodigy 
 
 ac mirabile diclu; apes stridere toto utero per 
 
 and wonderful to be told ; that bees are humming in all the carcass within 
 
 liquefacta viscera bourn, et effervere mptis costis, 
 
 the dissolved entrails of the cattle, and bursting through the broken sides, 
 
 que immensas nubes trahi ; jamque confluere sum- 
 
 and that immense clouds are drawn out ; and that now they fly together to the 
 
 ma arbore, et demittere uvam lentis ramis. Canebam 
 
 top of a tree, and hang down a cluster from the Blender branches. 1 sung 
 
 haec super cultu arvorum, que peeorum, et super 
 
 these things about the culture of fields,- and of flocks, and about 
 
 _ fi , arboribus, dum magnus Caesar fulminat ad altum 
 
 '"^ trees), while great Caesar thunders by the deep 
 
 Euphratem bello, que victor, dat jura per volentes 
 
 Euphrates in v/ar, and a conqueror, gives laws through willing 
 
 populos, que afTectat viam Olympo. Illo tempore dulcia 
 
 states, and attempts his way to heaven. At that time pleasant 
 
 Parthenope alebat me, Virgilium, florentem studiis 
 
 Maples cherished me, Virgil, flourishing in the pursuit!
 
 131 
 ignobilis oti ; qui lusi carmina pastorum 
 
 of unbonoured retirement; who have composed songs of shepherds. 
 
 que audax juventa cecini te, Tityre, sub tegmino 
 
 ad daring in you'll have sung thee, O Tityrus, beneath the sbelte 
 patulae fagi. 
 
 cf 4 spreading beech.
 
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