K THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES GIFT OF COMMODORE BYRON MCCANDLESS HISTORICAL EPOCHS OF THE ' FRENCH REVOLUTION, TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH OF H. GOUDEMETZ, A FRENCH CLERGYM.'^N EMIGRANT IN ENGLAND". DEDICATED, BY PERMISSION, TO His ROYAL HIGHNESS the DUKE of YORK, BY THE REV. DR. RANDOLPH. to WHICH IS SUBJOINED, WITH CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS, ^ THE THIRD EDITION OF THE 3!uti!jnieat anH (frccution OF LOUIS XVI. KING OF FRANCE; WITH A LIST OF THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION, Who voted for and against his IDeath; AND THE NAMES OF MANY OF THE MOST CONSIDERABLE SUFFERERS IN THE COURSE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, DISTIN- GUISHED ACCORDING TO THEIR PRINCIPLES. BATH, PRINTED BY R. CRUTTWELL, FOR THE AUTHOR; AND SOLD BY C. DILLY, POULTRY, LONDON; THE BOOKSELLEP.S OF BATH, &.C. % __M^ M DC C XCVI. I IX '• *" TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF TORK. vmg an SIR, With the defign of fervi amiable and worthy man, I have availed myfelf of your Royal Highnefs's permiffion to dedicate to you the tranflation of a work, which, as a faithful narrative of events, wants no additional comment to make it intereftins:. A detail of fa6ls , in which your Royal High- nefs, in behalf of your country, has been fo honourably engaged, may not prove unwel- come in aid of recolle6lion ^ and a detail of fa6ls, built on the experimental horrors of popular power, and which, proceeding from the Of:-»>^>r><;^ VI DEDICATION. the wildnefs of theory to the madnefs of pradlice-. has fwept away every veftige of civil polity, and would foon leave neither law nor religion in the world, cannot, either in point of inflru6lion or warning, be unfeafonably laid before my fellow-citizens at large. " Under the fan6lion, therefore, Sir, of your illuftrious name, I willingly commit to them this memorial. And if an innocent vi6lim of oppreffion fliould thus derive a fmall, though painful, fubfiftence from a plain and publick recital of his country's crimes, I fhall be abundantly repaid for the little fhare I may have had in bringing it into notice; and by the opportunity it affords me of fub- fcribing myfelf Your ever grateful and devoted humble fervant. FRANCIS RANDOLPH. BATir, July 2 2, iT(.)6, «SS«^Mi £%ji0i^^ PREFACE. ' X HE following flieets contiiin a journal of the principal events of the French Revolution. The beil authorities have been reforted to, and the fa^s are related without any comment. The reader will find a faithful outline of an intereftin^ and momen- tons peri6d of hiilory, and will fee how naturally each error produced its correfponding misfortune. Various caufes contributed to efFe£l a revolution in the minds of Frenchmen, and led the way to a revolution in the flate. The arbitrary nature of the government had been long fubmitted to, and perhaps would have continued fo much longer, if France had ^not taken part in the American war. The perfidious policy of VEROENNiiS, who, with a view of humbling the pride of Enghmd, affifted the fubjeft in arms againft his Sovereign, foon imported into his own nation the feeds of liberty, which it had ■helped to cultivate in a country of rebellion ; and the crown of France, as I once heard it emphatically .obferved, was loft in the plains of America. The In the mean time, that fpirit of difcuiTing philofo^ phical fubjefts, which we have before mentioned, now fixed itfelf on politics. The people exclaimed againfl: the weight of taxes, and the extravagance of courtiers; they complained of peculiar exemptions from the general burthens, and of grievances which arofc from lettres-de-cachet, and other defpotic powers of the government. The King, defirous of yielding to the wiflies of the people, recalled Monfieur Neckar to the admi- niilration, and in conformity to his advice, his Ma- jcfty declai-ed his refolution of convening the dates-, general. But in order to regulate all matters rela- tive to the meeting of this important affembly, it was refolved to convoke the notables a fecond timq,. Among thefe, a diverfity of opinion appeared re- ipecling the comparative number of deputies to be fent by the Commons, and the two other orders 5 the cardinal point on which the whole fuccefs of the revolution eventually turned.* All the claiTes into * The laft affembly of the ftates-general, whicli had been held in France in 1614, was corapofed of 140 deputies from the order of the clergy, amjng whom were five cardinals, feven archbifhops, and 47 bifhops; 132 representatives of the nobility; and 192 deputies from the commons. The Cardinal de Joyeuse was prefident of the clergy; the Baron Senecey of the nobility; and the prefident of the commons was Robert MiRONjPrevot-de-Marchands, (an officer fimi- br to that of mayor of Paris.) which C si ] tyliich the notables were divided, decided for all equality of deputies, except thofe in v\^hich Monsieur and the Duke of Orleans prefided. In thefe, it was agreed that the reprefentatives of the commons fliould be equal in number to thofe of the other two ftates. The miniftry were of opinion that this ddbble reprefentation was advifeable, and perfuaded themfelves that, through their weight and influence they (hould be able to prevent any mifchief to be apprehended from this preponderance of the tiers-etat. By their advice, the King ifTued an or- dinance in January 1789, throughout the whole kingdom, commanding the people to aifemble in their bailiwicks, and to nominate deputies to repre- fent them in the ftates-general ; viz. 300 for the clergy, 300 for the nobility, and 600 for the com- mons. HAC FONTE DERIVATA CLADES* JV. B. The firft legillature, which was called the; National Aflfembly, has now the name of the " Con- " ftituent Aflembly." The fecond is called the " Legiflative Aflfembly ;" and the third Icgiflature is called " the National *' Convention/' * HISTORICAL EPOCHS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. 1787. March, 1 HE Aflembly of Notables firfl: convened under the miniftry of Monf. de Calonne, comptroller-general of the finances. 1788. Augujl. Monf, Necker replaced at the head of the finances on the difmifiion of Monf, de Calonne; and Monf. de Lomenie, arch- bifhop of Tonloufe, made prime minifter. AW. Monf. Necker perfuades the King to call the Notables together a fecond time. 1789. January, Letters ilTued in the name of the King for an aifembly of the States-general. The clergy to depute 300 reprefentatives, the nobility the like number, and the com- mons 600. May 5. Opening of the States-general at Verfailles. June 17. The chamber of the Tiers-Etat (commons) declares itfelf a national aifembly. B c 2 :• 19. The Tiers-Etat takes the famous oath, known by the " ferment au Jeu de Paume,** not to feparate until the conftitution fliould be eftabHllied. 1789. June 23. The King goes in perfon to the affembly — but his prefence, far from intimidating the members, renders them fo intraftabie that from this epoch may be dated the firfl at- tacks upon the royal authority. 24. Forty-eight of the nobles, with the Duke of Orleans at their head, unite with the tiers-etat (third eftate, or commons.) A confiderable number of the clergy follow their example. 28. The King, from adefire of peace, requefls the whole body of nobility and clergy to unite in one affembly with the commons j which is acceded to. 29. Great rejoicings in Paris on account of this union. July 1 1 . The King in difguft difmiffes Monfieur Necker. 12. The Prince de Lambefc appears at the - Tuilleries with an armed party of fol- diers. 13. The city of Paris flies to arms. TheBaflille is attacked, and taken by ' the populace ; 14. Monf. de L'Aulnay, the governor, falls a viftim to the fury of the affailants. Bertier, C 3 ] intendant of Paris; Foulon, fecretarjr of ftate; and deFleffelle, prevot dcsMarchands, (foraewhat like mayor of Paris) are mafTa- cred. From this period the 'maxim was adopted, " that infurreftion was the mod facred of duties." ^ 15. T^e King goes to the aflembly to confer with it upon the diflurbances of Paris. Many confiderable perfons fly the country. ; 16. The Marquis de la Fayette, and Monfieur Bailly, are nominated, one to command the national guards of Paris, the other to be mayor of Paris. 17. In hopes of quieting the alarming tumults, the King comes to Paris. Bailly harangues him freely at the Hotel de la Ville, and the King receives the three-coloured cockade. Auguji I . Maflacre of the mayor of St. Dennis. 4. Abolition of tithes, and of all feudal rights and privileges. Louis is proclaimed the reflorer of French ' liberty. 7. The King is obliged to recall Necker. 27. The liberty of the prefs is eflabliflied. Sept. 1 5. The perfon of the King is decreed to be inviolable ; and the crown of France here- ditary and indivifible. 29. Decreed, that it be recommended that all church plate be brought to the mint, B 2 C 4 ] 08. I. The King i$ forced to accept and give the fanflion of his af)probation to the famous « Rights of Man." 5. The Marquis de la Fayette at the head of 30,000 Parifians marches to Verfailles. — 6. After murdering the King's guards under the windows of the Pahice, they forcibly conduifl both him and the Queen to Paris amidft the infults of the populace, and witli- great danger of their lives, \ o. Tayllerang-Perigord, billiop of Autun, pro- pofes that the nation fliould feize the pro- perty of the clergy. 12. Decreed, that the National AlTembly be re- moved from Verfailles to Paris. 15. The Duke of Orleans obtains leave to go to England. 19. The firfl fitting of the National Conflituent AfTembly at Paris. 21. The people of Paris hang a baker. The Jacobin Club commenced at this time; lirfl known by the name of the " Club de la Propagande." The name of Jacobins was derived from th^ houfe where the club met, and which had belonged to the' reli- gious order of Jacobins. 'Nov. 22. The commune of Paris makes a patriotic gift of its filver buckles. A general patriotic contribution is firll re* quefted, and afterwards forced. C 5 ] Dec. 7. Decree upon the difturbances at Toulon. Another for dividing France into 83 de- partments, 83 tribunals, 544 civil tribunals, 548 diflrifts, and 43,815 municipalities. 10. Vandernoot, and the difaffe^ed in Brabant, write to the King and to the National Con- ftituent AfTembly; but their letter is re- turned. 25. Monf. de Favras, knight of St. Louis, ar- refted. -y. J 790. 'January i. The King is ftripped of mod of his royal prerogatives. 4. The afTembly defires him to fix the amount of his civil lift. 6. The caftle of Keralier burnt by plunderers. The three orders of the clergy, nobility, and commons, fupprcfled as diftinft orders of the monarchy. 7. Decree for the form of a civic oath to bq taken by the national guards. 1 3. Decreed that Paris fliall form one department. Decree in favour of Jews; another to re- move the prejudices which are attached to the families of criminals. S, Feb. I. The King, after a longfpeech to the aflem- bly, takes the civic oath, together with all the members. 19. De Favras executed. 20. Death of Jofeph lid. emperor of Germany, March, MalTacres and fires in Lower-Languedoc, t 6 J 7. Grand review of the national guards in thg Eiyfian fields. The fcarcity of fpecie induces the neceffity of iffuing paper money called alTignats. 8. Decreed, that the colonies form a part of the French empire. 11. Infurreftion at Meaux. 12. The red-book (book of court-accounts) made publick. 14. Infurreftion at the national theatre. 1 8. Sale of the property of the church decreed, by which the government is enabled to abo- lifli the duty on fait. ApriL The Prince of Conti takes the civic oath in the municipality of Paris. II. The Abbe Maury and Vifcount Mirabeau attacked by the populace on coming out of the ailembly. The ailembly refufes to acknowledge the Roman Catholick religion as the religion of the flate ; and this refolution is followed by forbidding all particularity of drefs or form in ccclefiaflics. 22. General Paoli, at the head of a deputation from Corfica,prefents himfelf to the national ailembly. 24. Infurre^lion at Marfeilles. May. Report and decree upon the diflurbances at Mount Auban. Monailic vows prohibited in future. C 7 ] 1 7. Orders of knighthood and military deco- rations aboliflied. v,^^ 22. Decreed, that the right of making peace and '■^ war belongs to the people. 25. The Parifians occupied with hanging fe- veral robbers. 'June, Public feminaries and academies of inflruc- tion fupprefled. ■>^. 9. The King goes to the aflembly, and requires 25 millioi.s of livres for his civil lift. 10. The Queen*s dower fixed at four millions. One million is voted for the King's brothers. 16. Maifacres and diforders at Nifmes. 19. SupprefTion of nobility, of all titles and orders, of armorial bearings, and of livery- fervants. July 3. Juftices of the peace appointed throughout the kingdom. 14. Ceremony of a general fosderation, at which the King is obliged to aflift, to com- V' memorate the deftrudlion of the Baflille. Trial by jury introduced in crijuinal matters. Judges to be chofen by cantons and dif- tri£lsj one for the former, and five for the latter. 26. The conftituent affembly publiflies a civil conftitution for the acceptance of the clergy, which they refufe to admit. Augujl. Affair at Nancy — five regiments revolt. .> C s ] Infurreftion at Martinico announced. Defilles lliot at Nancy by the Swifs. Monf. Necker, whofe popularity declined, is obliged to leave the kingdom precipi- tately. The affembly, having declared the property of the Crown to be that of the nation, grants to the King the fum he required for his civil lift. Sept. Horrid maffacres in the colonies. 0^. 28. Fourteen caftles are burned and plundered in Dauphiny. 30. Outrageous conduft of two regiments at Beforr. Nov. 2. The clergy propofe to raife four millions of iivres in their own body for the exigence of the ftate. The aflembly feizes the whole ecclefraftical revenue, without any refpeft of perfons or property. 13. Pillage of the houfe of the Marflial de Caftries at Paris. 21. Duport-du-Tertre appointed keeper of the feals. 2y. The affembly requires that every ecclefi- aftic, doing duty, fliall fwear to maintain with all his power and intereft the conftitu- tion, and every thing that had been or fliould be ordained by its decrees. ^79'' 7^^^^' The debts of the church decreed to be national. C 9 ] The King refufes to fan<5lion the abov? de» crees refpefting the clergy, but is at length forced to it by threats and terror. 4. The clergy in the national affembly refufe to comply with the foregoing decree, and in confequence of their refufal a law pafles that their benefices fliall be filled by fuch of the 'clergy as will take the oaths of alle- giance to the ftate. Abolition of all the parliaments and fove- reign courts of France. The Count d'Artois finds it prudent to quit the kingdom. Out of 138 prelates only four take the conftltutional oath, namely, the archblfhop of Sens, the bifliops of Viviers, Orleans, and Autun. The latter alone carries his apoftacy fo far as to confecrate other bifliops, who were prefented to the vacant fees. Horrid treatment at Chateau-Gouthier of Mad"*" de la Barne de Joyeufe. I o. Decree about (lamps. 1 4. Decreed, that bifliops and parfons fliall be elefted by the people. 23. A violent meeting at the Jacobin club. 24. Maflacres at the village de-la-Chapelle near Paris. 26. Decree to enforce the oath by priefts. 29. Mirabeau prefident of the conftituent na- tional aflembly. C >° ] Tcbruan. Deputation of Quakers to the aiTembly. Decree to admit the free cultivation of to- bacco. Diforders in Le Querci.' 31. The King's aunts Hopped at Arnay-le-Duc, and forced to fliew their pafs, and permiffion to retire to Rome. With difficulty they ob- tain leave to proceed. Infurrection at Vincennes near Paris. March 4. The pope ilTues two letters againil the ec- clefiaflical conflitution of France, and the clergy w^ho had taken the oath to it. He deprives the archbifiiop of Sens, the Cardinal de Loraenie de Brienne, of his cardinal's hat. Maffacres at St. Domingo. 5. Indifpofition of the King. 9. Decreed, that the prifoners charged with treafon (leze-nation) (liall be conveyed to Orleans. Gobet, a member of the aifembly, appointed bifliop of Paris. Infurreftion and mafliicres at Douai. 22. Decree excluding women from the regency. 25. The majority of the Kings of France fixed at eighteen years. DifculTion on the fate of the invalids. Monf. de M'Nemara maifacred at I'lfle-de- France. 0.6. Public funftionaries compelled to refidence. 28. The monarchical club at Paris attacked by the populace with ftones, and difperfed, 29. Report upon an infurre£i:ion at Toulon. The minifter of the church of St. Sulpicc, who had not conformed to the national oath, efcapes with great difficulty from the violence of the populace. April 3. The^death of Mirabeau announced to the aflembly: decreed, that he fliall have the honours of the Pantheon, (formerly the beau- tiful church of St. Genevieve.) 7. Decreed, that no deputy to the national af- fembly fliall be admiffible into the miniftry until four years after the expiration of the legiflature of which he is a member, 8. Decreed, that no deputy to the affembly fhall accept any favour from the executive power for four years. Several nuns in Paris and elfewhere were publicly whipped for perfilling to adhere to the old forms of worlliip. 10. Infurreftion at Cevennes. Report on the infurreftion of a regiment in Languedoc. 13. Engagement between the officers and gar- rifon of WeiiTembourg. 14. Riot at Nantz on account of the inaugura- tion of the three-coloured flasr. 1 7. The fale of the property of the church is decreed. 1 8. The King propofes fo go to St. Cloud; the people oppofe and ftop him. The King complains of this violence to the national alTembly, but with little effect. 20. Report of maflacres in the county of Ve- naiflin. The King's miniders, through the influence or fear of the national affembly, write to dJA the foreign courts, that the King had placed himfelf at the head of the revolution — from this epoch may be, dated the great emigra- tions of the nobility and other confiderable perfons. The Abbe Maury, the moft intrepid de- fender of the caufe of the church and the King, retires precipitately to Rome. 23. Sad recital in the affembly of diflreffes in St, Domingo. 26. Affignats of five livres are iffued. 27. Maffacres in the Limoufm. 28. Decreed, that foldiers may frequent jacobin focieties. May I . The barriers are thrown open — all duties in the interior parts of the kingdom aboliflied. Civil war in the Venaiffm. 3. The effigy of the pope burnt in the Palais- Royal. y. Decree permitting priefls, who have not con- formed, to officiate in private. Monf, de Maffei maffacred at Tulle. C '3 1 Decree upon the people of colour. 19. Mailacre in the Vivarais. 26. Decreed, that the Louvre and the Tuilleriea united fliall be the habitation of the King, and that all monuments of fcience and art fliall be coUedled and kept there. 31. Decreed, that the punifliment of death fliall be inflifted without torture. From thence came the ufe of the guillotine j — an inflru- ment of death fo called from its author, a member of the national aflfembly. yune. Letter of the Abbe Raynal to the aflfembly. Perfecutions againfl: non-conforming priefts. Their tithes given to the proprietors of the efl:ates. 5. The King deprived by decree of the power of granting pardons. 7. A law againfl: regicides. Conforming priefls are every where put in poflTeflion of the benefices of thofe who would not conform. A general fale of ecclefiaftical property. 18. Decreed, that all military men take an oath of fidelity to the nation. Jnfurreftion at Baflia. 21. The King and royal family make their efcape 22. from Paris; they had nearly reached the frontiers, when they were flopped at Va- , 25. rennes, and brought back ignominioufly to Paris. [ 14 ] Count Dampierre is maflacred under the King's eyes. The Marquis de Bouille writes a menacing letter to the afiembly on the fubjeft of the King. An order is intimated to the King to difband his body guards. All the royal functions are fufpended. The King is kept a clofe prifoner. Monfieur, the King's brother, efcapes to Coblentz. yiily 9. M. de Cazeles refigns his place as a deputy. 10. The national guards ordered to the frontiers. 11. The body of Voltaire transferred to the Pantheon. 14. Grand celebration of the anniverfary of this day. 17. Infurreftion in the Champ de Mars — the red flag (the fignal of danger) continues flying a long time. Diforders in the Pays-de-Caux, and at Brie- Compte-Robert. 23. Violent decree againft emigrant nobles. 23. The aflcmbly proceeds rigorouily againil thofe who accompanied the King in his flight. The King himfelf is not confidered fo culpable. All dirtin61:ions of nobility, and all titles, are wholly aboliflied. The miiiifters are required to give an ac- count every ten days to the aflembly of the execution of it3 decrees. C '5 3 The decree on people of colour fpreads con- fternation at St. Domingo. Aiigujl, Money is coined from the metal of the bells in churches. One hundred thoufand livres voted to the academy of fcience for the purpofe of bring- ing weights and meafures to one uniform ftandard. The tide of Dauphin changed to that of Prince Royal. Rewards are decreed to all thofe who flopped the King. A committee is appointed to manage national domains; that is, the confifcated property of the King and clergy. Decreed, that if within a month the King do not take the oath to the nation, or if he retra<5l it, he fliall be adjudged to have forfeited the crown. Decreed, that the guard for the King Hiall not exceed 1 200 foot, and 600 horfe. Thofe who may be placed in fucceffion to the throne to have no other title than that of French princes. Regiflers of the births, marriages, and burials, of the royal family to be depofited in the archives of the national aflembly. Suppreffion of the payment of a mark of filver, which was heretofore required from fuch as were deputed to the legillature. * [ i6 ] Decreed, that every law relative to taxes fhall be independent of the royal fanftion. The ceremony of marriage to be confidered hereafter as a civil contraft only. RoulTeau admitted to a place in the Pantheon. The national alTembly declares, that it will not revife the conftitution which it has jufl eflabliflied, before the expiration of thirty years. Sept. The completion of the conftitution announced to the people, and that it will admit of no change. The departments are all occupied in clefting new deputies to reprefent them in a fecond aiTembly. Sixty members are appointed to carry the a£l of the conftitution to the King. 4. The King reftored to liberty. SupprefTion of the order of St. Efprit ; the decorations of the blue ribband to be appro- priated to the King and the Prince-royal only. The King declines to retain a diftinc- ' • tion which he cannot communicate. Decreed, that the Rhine and Rhone be united by a canal. 14. The King accepts the conftitution in form; i.he takes the oath in prefence of the aflembly; and is crowned by the prefident with a con- ftitutional crown. Great rejoicings throughout all France. C «7 3 The national guard. to take place of the King's. Whipping, and burning in the hand,annulled. Three days allowed to every perfon under ac- cufation to defend himfelf and repel the charo-e. In confequence of the acceptance of the con- ftitution,a]l criminal proceedings are flopped; all ptrfons confined onfufpicion of anti-revolu- tionary principles fet at liberty; no more pafT- ports required; a general amnefly takes place; and the decree againfl emigrants is revoked. Diflurbances at Aries — fuppreilion of the high national court of Orleans — and of all royal notaries — national notaries appointed. Prohibitory or commanding claufes in wills to be of no^ avail henceforward. Every fort of property dependent upon, or connefted with, churches or charities, is con- fifcated. All the world admitted to the title and rank of French citizen, without any diftin£lion of country i. Decree to unite Avignon and the county of VenaifTm to France. Certificates of catholicifm fappreffed, which hitherto were required before admifTion into any ofHce. Severe penalties againfl introducing titles of nobility into any public document. [ i8 ] All the chambers and focieties of commerce aboliflied. Jews admitted to the rights of French citizens. The conftituent affembly prepares to lay (down its powers, without rendering any ac- count of its proceedings. Violent remonflrances againft this. Decree againft clubs and popular aflbciations. 30. The King goes in ftate to clofe the feflion of this firft or conjlituent ajfenibly. CHAPTER II. 1 79 1. 08. 4. The fecond affembly takes the name of the Legijlative Affembly, and is opened by the King in perfon. It confifts of 700 members. An oath is taken to obferve the law. An adminiftrator in one of the departments flies with a large treafure. 17. Maffacre at Avignon, with unufual horrors. Jourdan and his people deftroy 600 vidlims in an ice-houfe. Infurreftion at Paris on account of religious worfhip. The Marquis de la Fayette refigns the com- mand of the Parifian guard. C »9 ] The exprellions '■^ftre** and " 7naje/iy," ap- plied to the King, fupprefled by decree. Twenty-one committees formed out of the legiflative aflembly to tranfa^ all bufinefs. Riots at Montpellier. The pi(5lures of the Palace-royal fold for a million ei^ht hundred thoufand livres. a- O 27, Infurre^lion in Alface. 29. Notice given to Monfieur the King's eldefl brother, to return to France, on pain of for- feiture of all his rights, and confifcation. One hundred millions of alTignats ilTued. Diflurbances in Artois and Lower Normandy on account of religious worfliip. The archbifhop of Aufch, and feveral biiliops, brought before the tribunals. 30. Infurreftions in almofl: all parts of the king- dom, on account of the prohibition of reli- gious worfliip. Charrier, ex-conflituent, and nominated by the people as fuccelTor to the Cardinal de Rochefoucault, in the archbiflioprick of Rouen, ailiamed of his ufurpation, abdicates the archiepifcopal dignity. Violent decree againfl emigrants j the King oppofcs his veto to it. The King refufes his aiTent alfo to another equally violent decree, for the banifhment of all the catholic priefts who had not taken the oatli prefcribed. c 2 C 20 ] Gulmper, the firfl conllltutional fee, is taken poflfeJOrion of by D'Expilly, an ex-conflituent, /. c. a member of the kill affembly, which had taken the name of the conftituent af- fembly. Violent infurreftion in the colonies, fuppofed to be excited by fome of the leading mem- bers of the affembly. Nov. New decree for a civic oath. In the legiflative affembly the anfwers are read from foreign powers, relative to the King's acceptance of the conlliturion. Maffacres at Caen in Normandy; horrid treatment of Monf. de Belfunce, a lieutenant- colonel. Eighty-four perfons of confideration thrown into prifon, 10. The Dunkirk carrier affaffinated at Paris, and his letters ilolen. 1 5. The King confined to his apartment, under the guard of a corporal. 17. Varnier denounced by Bazire, is fent to pri- fon at Orleans. Pethion elected mayor of Paris. 18, He goes to the jacobins to thank them for having obtained his eleftion. Manuel is appointed procureur fyndic of the commune of Paris (a place next in import- ance to that of mayor.) 30. Diforders at Montpellier.r r 21 ] 25. Delatre committed to prifon at Orleans. 16, Chabot enters the King's apartment with his hat on his head. Decreed, that non-conforming priefls iliall not make ufe of the churches. Dec. I. Three hundre-d miUions of fmall aiTignais iffugi. ^. Infurrec^lion at Bred. 6. Malvoifin, and twelve others, imprifoned at Orleans. 1 6. Decreed, that every member of the Bourbon family fhall quit France in three days, M. Loyaute fent to prifon at Orleans. 20. Several caftles burnt at Sens. 24. Infurre6tion in the departments of Loir et Cher. The King goes to the aflembly to difcufs the fubjeft of war with foreign powers. 27. Lucknor and Rochambeau made mafflials of France, and with La Fayette appointed to command the armies. M. de Narbonne goes to vifit the frontiers., Forty foldicrs, who had been fent to the gal- leys, are fet at liberty. Eftablifliment of a new high national court. Manuel caufes the letters of Mirabeau, which were found in the mayor's office, to be printed and fold. 28. The Queen goes to the opera, and is much applauded. [ " ] 2g. Manifcflo propofed by M. Condorcet, to ac- quaint the world with the fcntimcnts of the French nation, if it Ihould be forced into war.. 31. Decreed, that the ceremonies of New-year's day (hall be aboliflied. 1792. Jan. 1. Egahte (duke of Orleans) ill receivecj at the Tuilleries. 5. Maffacre of the minifler of Chateau-ngaf. Motion of Herault, that foreign powers be required to forbid the white cockade to be worn by emigrants. II. Carra propofes at the Jacobin club, that the crown of France be offered to the Duke of York. 15. Plan of a decree for declaring war againft the Emperor. 16. Decreed, that Monfieur has forfeited the re- gency. ' Three hundred millions of fmall affignats iffued, ly. Fire and ravages at Port-au-Prince. Great tumult at Paris on account of the monopoly of fugar and coffee, 19. Fire of La-Force. 21. A conforming pried, his wife, and children, prcfented to the affembly, and loaded with ca- reffes . 27. Summons to the Emperor, to declare whe- ther or not he is willing to live in peace with France, [ ^i ] 31. Decreed, that all travellers in France mud fupply themfelves with a pafTport. Feb. I. Decreed, that all thofe iliall be imprifoned who travel under a falfe name. Eighty-four prifoners, who were confined in the caftle of Caen, fet at liberty. 2. Letter of Manuel to the King, beginning with thefe words, " I do not love kings." 5. Fires and mafiacres at St. Domingo. 6. The Abbe Fauchet preaches at the Pan- theon. 7. Riots at Paris on account of a falfe rumour of the King's flight. Great fires in the town of Haquenau. Decreed, that the property of emigrants be- longs to the nation j order for its fequeilra- tion. Riots at Noyon about corn. Infurreftion at Dunkirk, 1 4. The red bonnet becomes the general fafliion. Aflaffination at Mount Heri. Infurreftion at the Fauxbourg St. Marceau, on account. of the fcarcity of fugar. Struggle between the clubs of the Jacobins, and the Feuillants; the latter fo called from a religious fociety of that name, at whofe houfe they met. I 7. De Leflart denounced by Fauchet. 22. Motion, that no deputy be permitted to go to the clubs of Jacobins or Feuillants. [ 24 ] 28. Treaty of Pilnitz between the Emperor and Pruflia. March I . Death of the Emperor Leopold II. 3. Seditions at Etampes; Simoneau, -the mayor, aflafTmated. De Leilltrt, miniller for foreign affairs, fent to the prifon of Orleans. ^ 15. Death of Guftavus III. king of Sweden. Total change of the King's minifters. Decreed, that the King {hall pay taxes like all other perfons. 1 9. Jourdan, and his accomplices at Avigndifi acquitted. A new guard begins to do duty about the King. Roland appointed by the King miniiler of the interior department. Infurre(5lion at Poitou. The Swifs Cantons demand from France the regiment of Erneft. Alienation of the domains of St. Lazare, and of Mount-Carmel, two orders of knighthood,, of which Monfieur was prefident. April I. Troubles in Provence and Dauphiny, On the m.otion of Torne, conflirutional bifhop of Bourges, all peculiar religious dreffes are aboliflied, and all fecular congregations. 6. Pethion writes to the 48 fe£tions, inviting them to give a fete to the liberated foldiers of Chatcau-vieux. C 25 ] 15. A civic fete is given to the above foldiers, who had been imprifoned for crimes. 16. Riots at the Hotel de Ville in Paris, on ac- , count of the ftatues of la Fayette and Bailli. 20. The King goes to the national aifembly to demand whether it is willing to declare war. War declared againfl the King of Bohemia and Hungary. M. de Caflellane, biihop of Mendes, fent to prifon at Orleans, 29. The army of Dillon routed near Tournay, and that general maffacred by his own fol- diers near Lifle. The French routed near Mons under the command of General Byron. May 2. SupprelTion of the military houfes of Mon- fieur and the Count d'Artois. 6. Defertion of the royal German regiment. 8. Report of the murder of feveral commiiTa- ries. 10. Pethion, in the commune of Paris, prefents a filver fword to Rene Audu, a heroine of the 6ih of Oftober 1789. Decree concerning prifoners of war. 11. New diforders at Avignon. 12. Defertion of the regiment of Berchini. 13. M. Brival, a deputy, writes to the King to defire that his cane may be reftored to him, which was taken from him at the gate of the Tuilleries, [ 26 3 Abbe Maury elevated to the dignity of an archbifhop, and appointed nuncio extra- ordinary of the holy fee, to the diet of Ra- tifbon. Decree, depriving the brothers of the King of the million vi^hich had been voted to them. Renewal of the decree for the tranfportation of priefls, which the King ftill refufes to fanftion. 1 4. Maflacre of the Abbe Figuemont at Mentz, 1 6. Bavai taken by the Auftrians. 24. Much pains taken to prove the exiftencc of a committee in favour of the Auftrians. 27. Difcontent in Paris on account of the King's having a guard. 28. The King is forced to difmifs it. 29. Marefchal de BriiTac, who commanded the King's guard, fent to prifon at Orleans. 20. The firfl column of the PrufHan army ar- rives at Frankfort. yune 3. A civic fete in honour of M. Simoneau, mayor of Etampes, mafPacred the 3d of March in an infurreftion": 6. Maflacre at Bruflels. Reduflion of the monies allowed for the pay and entertainment of the King's minifters. 8. The King refufes to ratify the decree for en- camping 20,000 men near Paris. 1 3. Roland, Claviere, and Servan, difmiffed from the minillrv. C 27 ] Ordered that all pedigrees of nobility be burnt, and all papers relative thereto. A number of patriotic gifts to fupport the expence of the war. The tree of liberty planted in all parts. 20. In order to force the King to fan£tion fome decrees to which he had given a negative, the people go to the Tuilleries, break op^n the gates, and burft into the apartments. The King conducts himfelf with great firm- nefs. The high national court at Orleans condemns Monfieur, the Count d' Artois, and the Prince of Conde, to be beheaded, and their property confequently to be forfeited. A new mode adopted for proving births, marriages, and burials. %6, The department of La Somme offers 200 batallions, to enforce refpe^l: to the King. Several others make fimilar offers. 28. La Fayette quits his army, and goes to com- plain to the national reprefentatives of party violence. A petition againft Pethion is figned at the boufes of all the notaries. 30. La Fayette returns to the army, and as foon as he is departed, he is burnt in effigy at the palace royal. July 2. Letter of the King to the French armieso [ 28 ] 3- Suppreffion of all the ftaff-officers of the national guard of Paris. 4. Decreed, that the nation is in danger. The Duke of Brunfwick arrives at Coblentz. Diftinguifliing marks granted to the legifla- tors and adminiflrators. 6. Dumourier goes to take the command of the army. 7. Pethion, mayor of Paris, and Manuel, fuf, pended, but very foon after re(lored» Minifters all changed. II. A petition againfl the King figned at the Elyfian fields. 14. Anniverfary of the federations obferved with great ceremony. 19. Maffacre of M, de Saillant, chef-du-camp de Sales. 20. Proclamation of the King, on the dangers of the country. Decree, that the property of emigrants be fold. Many of the conflitut'onal priefts fign a re- cantation of their oaths, and not enough are found to lill the vacant cures. 25. Mailacres at Alais, Bourdeaux, Aries, and in other places. 28. Decree, obliging people to mount guard under pain of imprifonment. Three hundred millions of aflignats ilTued, C 29 3 . M. d'Efpemenil, an ex-conftituent, is knocked down and poignarded at the TiiilleildS) and with difficulty laves his hfe, •:;o. The Marfeillois arrive at Paris; ravaoes and cruelties committed by them. Cockades of ribbands profcribed.- Da Hamel malTacred in the Itreet of St, Florentin. Aug. 3. Decreed, that all Frenchmen be armed with pikes. Invitation to foreigners to come and defend the land of liberty. 5. MalTacre at Toulon of nine members of the magiftracy, under the pretence of ariftocracy, A report is fpread about the Tuilleries, that the King intends to efcapc, 8. Decreed, by a majority of 426 to 224, thai there is no ground of accufation againft La Fayette. Several members complain of outrages com- mitted on thern, on account of votes they had given. 10. Attack and pillage of the palace of the Tuilleries. MaiTacre of the Swifs, and of a great number of the King's followers. Louis XVL and his family fly for fafety to the aifembly Horrible riots and outrages in Paris. 1 1. Continuation of frightful outrages and mur- ders. i: 30 ] All foreign ambaffadors quit France. 12. Roland, Clariere, and Servan, recalled to the miniftry, Danton appointed minifler of juflice. The flatues of the King all thrown down. Servan appointed minifler of the war depart- ment; de Monge, of the marine; Clavieres, of finances ; Roland, of the interior; and Le Brun, of foreign affairs. The King and his family are all conducted to the Temple. 14. Several ex-mini(fers and royalifls committed to prifon. Decreed, that all the adminiftrations of the kingdom fliall be nev^^ formed. 15. Perfons departing, even with pafTports, flopped. 17, Eflablifhment of a tribunal for the fummary trial of royalifls. 1 8. The Auflrians and PrufTians enter the French territorv. Decree againfl La Fayette ; who, with part of his flaff, quits the army and falls into the hands of the Auflrians, by whom he is de- tained a prifoner. 20. Montmorin, ex-minifler of foreign affairs, imprifoned. 22. M. D'Angremont guillotined at the Ca- rouzel. 23. Longwy taken by the Pruflians. [ 3« 3 24. M. de la Porte, comptroller of the civil lift, guillotined. 25. M. Durozoi, author of the gazette of Paris, guillotined. 26. A civic feftival, in honour of the fans-cu- lottes who were killed in the affair of the i oth of Augufl. DecreH, that all ecclefiaftics who have not taken the national oath, fliall be tranfported. In the number of thefe viftims were 138 archbifliops and billiops, and fixty-four thou- fand priefts of the fecond order. General Kellerman commands thd army of Marilial Luckner, and Dumourier that of General la Fayette. 27. In a fitting of the jacobins, Manuel caufes an oath to be taken, that every exertion will be ufed to purge the earth of the peft of roy- alty. 30. Domiciliary vifits, that is, nightly fearches in the citizens houfes, for obnoxious perfons. Sept, I. Letter of the minifler Roland, to all the municipalities, to induce them to agree in finding the King guilty. M. Montmorin, governor of Fontainbleau, although acquitted by the tribunal, is con- veyed back to prifon by the people. 1. The city of Verdun is taken by the Pruffians. From the 2d to the 9th of this month, the moll horrid outrages perpetrated without C 32 ] ceafmg, 7605 prifoners, Sec. inhumanly mur- dered, and the alTaffins publicly demand their wages. Every houfe is a fcene of difmay. MalTacres and butcheries are committed in all. the prifons and religious houfes. Thefe horrors drive a great number of inhabitants , from Paris. The Duke de la Rochefoucault, ex-conftitu- ent and prefident of the department of Paris, is torn to pieces by the populace. 10. MafTacre at Verfailles of 53 prifoners from Orleans, who, it appears, were fummoned to Paris for the exprefs purpofe of having them difpofed of in this expeditious manner. Troops are enrolled for the frontiers. A camp is formed clofe to Paris. 13. The French armies fall back towards Cha* Ions. 14. The King accepts the conflitution, 15. Decreed, that the King's perfon Is inviolable, and the crown of France indivifible and he- reditary. 16. Robbery of the wardrobe of the crown. Decree, formally allowing divorces. 18. Philips, of the club of jacobins, prefents in a little box, to the legiflative affembly, the heads of his father and mother, whom his patriotifm, as he faid, had juft facrlficed. 19. The laft fitting of the legiflative affembly. CHAPTER C 33 ] CHAPTER III. 1792. Sept. 10. Firft fitting of the third legiflature, which takes the title of National Convention. It confifts »f 745 members. 2,1, Decreed, that royalty is abolifhed, and that the kingdom of France is a republic. The battle of Grand-Pre gained by General Dumourier. 22. Damon refigns the miniftry in order to take a place in the convention. 23. The old Marilial Liickner is ordered to the bar of the convention. 27. Monf. Cazotte, an author m.uch efteemed, and who with difficulty efcaped from the af- faflins of the 2d of September, is conduced to the guillotine at 80 years of age. 29. The Auftrians begin to bombard Lille.' Spires taken by the army of Gen. Cuftine. Od. 2. The Duke of Brunfwick, commanding the Pruffians, begins his retreat from France, and raifes the fiege of Thionville. 4. The title of Citizen is fubftituted for thofe of Monfieur and Madame by a decree. 7. The Auftrians raife the fiege of Lifle. 8. Maflacre at Carabray. D C 34 ] 9, The foldiers of General Dumourler maffacre their prifoners. 10, Servan quits the miniftry. Garat is appointed minifter of juftice. 13. Verdun evacuated by the Pruflians. 14. A civic feftival in honour of the conqueft of Savoy. 18. Nine emigrants guillotined in the Place-de- Greve. 22. The French retake Longwy. 23. Mayence taken by General Cuftine. 24. Great accufations of Roland to the conven- tion. 25. The French territory evacuated by the Auftrians and Pruflians. 16. Frankfort on the Main taken by the French. 31. A great number of returned emigrants de- nounced to the commune of Paris. Nov. 2. All v^ork at the camp near Paris is flopped. 3. The houfe of the deputy Marat is invefled, and the people demand his head. 4. Robefpierre endeavours to acquit himfelf of the charges brought againft him by the de- puty Louvet. 6. Report in the aflembly of diflurbances in the department of Mayence and Loire. Three hundred millions of aflignats ilTued with new emblems. A difcourfe upon Atheifm pronounced by Dupont, and applauded by the convention. C 35 ] The Princefs de Rohan-Rochefort is fent to prifon for having written to the ex-minifler Bertrand. 7. The battle of Gemappe — the Auftrians arc defeated by fuperior numbers, and an immenfe artillery. Dumourier after his viftory takes Mons. A revolt ^mounced at Guadaloupe. 10. Decreed, that all emigrants who fhall return to France fliall fuffer death, whether men, women, or children, not excepting thofe who had never borne arms. 12. Ghent taken by the French. 14. BruiTels taken by the French. 19. General Montefquieu emigrates. 23. De la Cofte, ex-minifter, and Du Frefne dc St. Leon, committed to the prifon of the Abbaye. 24. Infurre6lion at Chartres and the neighbour- hood, on account of bread. 25. The King afks of the convention fome Latin books, that he may inftruift his fon himfelf. 26. Addrefs from Finiflerre to the convention, denouncing the deputies Marat, Robefpierre, Danton, Chabot, Barire, and Merlin. Buzot fupports the accufation. 27. Kerfaint propofes to the convention to make a defcent upon England with one hundred D 2 I 36 3 tlioiifand men, and to fjgn an Immortal treaty upon the Tower of London, which fliall fix the deftiny of nations, and confirm hberty for ever to the world. The Belgians proteft againft a decree which trenches on their fovereignty. 30. Decree, charging the municipalities to keep regifters of baptifms, marriages and bury- ings. Dec. I. Pethion quits the mayoralty to become a member of the convention. Chambon is eleded his fuccefifor. Manuel gives up the place of procureur de la commune for a feat in the convention ; Chaumette fucceeds him. 3. Decreed, that Louis Capet fiiall be brought to trial, and that the convention fliall be his judges. 4. Decreed, that whoever fliall propofe the re- ftoration of royalty fhall fuffer death. 8. The royal family is forbid the ufe of knives, fciffars', or razors; the King not to be fliaved, but his beard clipped with fcilTars. 9. The buft of Mirabeau torn from the Pan- theon, and dragged by the populace to the Place-de-Greve. The minifter of juflice reads to the conven- tion 150 addreflTes from the communes of Normandy in favour of the King. • [ 37 ] Philip Egalite renounces all eventual {need- lion to the crown of France, to alTume the title of French citizen. 18. The King is interrogated at the bar of the convention. Barrere is prefident. He demands for his advocates Target and Tronchet j. the former refufes to defend himj but Monf.de Maleflierbes, making a voluntary offer of being his defender, is accepted viith Tronchet, and Monfieur de Seze is added to them. The mayor of Paris, the procureur de la commune, le fecretaire Greffier, and thirty municipal officers on horfeback, efcorted the King's carriage when he was going to the bar of the convention to be interrog^ated, and to hear the aft' of his accufation read. The prefident faid, " Louis, — The French people " accufe you of having committed a multi- " tude of crimes in order to eflablifli .tyranny " upon the ruins of liberty.*' The King having anfwered with great precifion and coolnefs, " Louis, faid the prefident, a copy Hiall be given to you of your accufations. The convention permits you to retire, and wiir acquaint you with the refult of its deli- berations.*' 14. The charge d'affaires of Spain whites an earneft letter in favour of the King, from ii (C C 38 ] his mafter. The convention treats it with negleft. 1 6. The French make themfelves maflers of Aix- la-Chapelle. 26. The King is brought a fecond time to the bar of the convention. Monfieur de Seze makes an able fpeech in his defence at the bar. The King then fpeaks to the conven- tion: " My counfel has laid before you my juftification and defence, I have nothing to " add but this, that, in addreffing you per- haps for the lafi: time, I declare that my " confcience reproaches me with no crime " towards my country, and that my advo- " cates have fpoken nothing but the truth." Q,y. Generals Luckner and Rochambeau made marflials of France. 1793. January. Roland pubUflies a letter to oppofe the calumnies againft him. The loyal fubjefts of Brabant fend an addrefs to the emperor. Mont Blanc declared to be an 84th depart- ment, of which Chamberry is the capital; this new dpartraent contains 364,652 fouls. General Dumourier writes fome fevere truths to the convention, and offers to give in his refignation, difclaiming all pretenfions to a t-lictatorfhip. The convention reje^s the King's appeal to the people. r 39 J Prince Charles of Hefle-Phllipfladt dies of wounds he received at Frankfort. The alien bill palTed in England ; in confe- quence of which, perfons fufpefted may be fent out of the kingdom by the executive power. The FrufTians and Heffians drive the French from Hocheira. The King of Pruffia publiflies a declaration, .♦ that his army enters Poland only becaufe that country was infefted with French de- mocratic madnefs. Remarkable addrefs of the department of Finifterre againfl Marat and Robefpierre. La Fayette is conveyed to Magdebourg. The Emprefs of Ruffia affigns lands in the Crimea to French emigrants, and caufes to be paid to the Prince of Conde, at Frank- fort, 200,000 rupees for the expences of journey. Dumourier goes to Paris while the conven- tion is debating about the King. The jaco- bins infult him. His army is faid to be 120,000 flrong. General Cuftine celebrates at Mayence the feftival of liberty, by burning the archiepif- copal ornaments. 17. The convention terminates its deliberations 18. concerning the King, He is condemned to [ 4° ] ig. death. All endeavours to delay the execu- tion of the fentence are rejefted. Of the members of the convention, 366 vote for death abfolutely; 23 for death, but lea- ving it hereafter to be difculTed, when the ex- ecution fliould take place ; 8 for death, and a certain delay or refpite; 2 for. death at the peace; 319 for detention; and 2 for deten- tion in irons. Peiletier, one who voted for the King's death, is affaffinated at a tavern. 20. Louis hears with calmnefs the reading of his fentence of death. Allowed only two hours to take a final leave of his wife, his children, and his fifter, who are frantic with grief. 21. Louis is conduced to the fcaitold; his beha- viour is fleady and dignified, he fpeaks a few words protefting his innocence, forgiving his enemies, and hoping that his death might re- ftore peace to his wretched country. The commander of the troops orders the drums and trumpets to ftrike up, that his voice might be drowned, and that he lliould not proceed. In a minute after this, his head is fevered from his body. A dead filence prevails in Paris. The places of public amufement and all iliorjs are fliut up. His lafl will foon after publiiiied. C 41 ] The minifter Roland, after affifting at the King's execution refigns his office, fo do the deputies Manuel and Kerfaint. 24. The remains of Pelletier are placed with great ceremony in the Pantheon. The French envoy at Naples demands and obtains an audience of the King. The convention decrees, that their army fliall conlill of 502,000 men next campaign. 26: Dumourier leaves Paris for the army, with orders to take Cologne, coft what it may. Liege determines to unite itfelf with France. Paris, who alTaffinated Pelletier, is arrefted, but flioots himfclf. c General mourning at London and Madrid for Louis XVL The convention decrees the union of Nice to the republic of France. The Britifli miniftry fignify to Monf. Chau- velin, who had been ambalTador from Louis XVL that he is no longer to be confider^d as fuch, and mufl: quit England. The feflions of Paris complain of want of provifions. Lanjuinais, fpeaking again!]: the murders of the 2d of September, fays, that the number of viftims, alfaillnated that day, amounted to 8,000, others fay 12,000, and the deputy Louvet ftates them at 28,000. C 42 ] Feb. I. The Convention declares war againfl the King of England, and Stadtholder of Holland. General Dumourier levies fixty millions of livres on the abbeys in Brabant. The nurfe of Madame Royale requefts pcr- milTion to fee her in prifon, but without fuccefs. Proclamation by the Emperor, to afTure to the Belgians their ancient privileges. Great debates in the convention about war. The marines of Rochelle come to fwear fide- lity to the convention, Philip Egalite takes the oath, in quality of high admiral of France. The Marfcillois leave Paris, and return home. An engagement takes place at Mayence be- tween the national guard and the troops of the line, on the fubjeft of the King's death. General Bournonville is recalled from the army, and appointed minifter of war. Dumourier begins to lofe ground in the efteem of the people. Eight hundred millions of affignats iffued. Ciizcn BaiTeville, fccretary of the French le- gation, is malTacred by the people at Rome. Chambon quits the mayoralty of Paris, and is replaced by the ex-minifter Pache. The parliament of England votes for war. The French take pofieflion of Deux-Ponts; the duke with difficulty efcapes. t 43 ] Lyons oppofes with energy the murderous plans of the jacobins. The Emperor folicits earneftly the triple con- tingent from the empire. New coinage in France, with the legend of *' Rcpublique Fran9oise." The wife of the Emperor facrifices fome of her rich. ornaments to defray the cofl of the war, ' General Miranda fends to the convention the magnificent key of gold, which was given by Charles III. to the inhabitants of Louvain. 17. The French make an irruption into Holland, take the fort St. Michel, furround Maeftricht, and menace Breda. Lyons deftroys the jacobin club, and burns the tree of liberty. Paris is in great diforder. Dumourier addrelTes a proclamation to the Dutch againft the Stadholder. The States- general anfwer it by a manifefto. Condorcet reads a conftitutional a£t to the convention ; the jacobins rejeft it. The national convention of Liege decrees the deftruflion of its cathedral. Marat excites great tumuh in the convention. Venice acknowledges the republic; Bavaria obferves neutrality. Cuftine tranfports the clergy of Mayence who refufe to take the oath of liberty. C 44 ] The French bombard Maeflricht, which is defended by the Prince of Heffe-CalTel. The Grand Duke of Tufcany declares a neu- trality with regard to the French republic. 25. The Britifli troops under the Duke of York fail from England. • Breda furrenders to the French. Dumourier bombards Gertruydenberg and Williamfladt with Dutch artillery. The Convention decrees that foldiers have a right to eleft their officers. Marat urges this decree, and flrikes in the face feveral of thofe who oppofe it, even in^ the con- vention. 27. The Duke of York arrives at the Hague. The Stadtholder declares he will defend the republic to the lafi:. 28. The Archduke Charles, the Prince of Co- bourg, and Duke of Wurtemburg, arrive at Duren^ The French merchants oiFer to fend fifty privateers to fea. Difcourfe pronounced in the convention by Anacharfjs Cloots, on univerfal fraternity. Riots in Paris at the houfes of the bakers and grocers. BruiTels defires, and obtains an union with France. Revolution in Geneva after the French ex- ample. [ 45 ] The convention encourages addreffes from all quarters on the death of the tyrant. Decreed, that the troops of the line ftiall form but one body with the national guards. All treaties of commerce and alliance, with powers at war, are annulled. The convention requires 300,000 men to compleat their armies. March I. Prince Cobourg beats the French near Altenhover. The Britifh troops land at Fort Eclufe. The Auftrians retake Aix-la-Chapelle. Proclamation of Duraourier, to ftir up the inhabitants of Liege, Belgium, and Holland. 2. Carra denounces the farmers-general. Deputy Rhul moves, that the property of foreign princes be put up to fale. 3. The French raife the fiege of Maeftricht, and befiege Williamftadt without fuccefs. They 4. are beaten at Tongres by the Pruilians. Ger- truydenberg furrenders to Gen. Dumourier. Zurich, Bern, and other Swifs cantons, ac- knowledge the French republic. Manuel accufes the jacobins of all the evils fmce the revolution. Dumourier impofes 120,000 florins upon the city of Antwerp. "War declared againfl Spain. 5. The bloody capture of Liege by the Auftrians, Taking of Ruremond. C 46 ] The Pruffians gain fome advantage near Mayence. Upon the motion of Danton, it is decreed, that a revolutionary-criminal tribunal be efta- bliflied. All perfons imprifoned for debt are releafed by the convention. Prince Cobourg requires from Liege fix hundred thoufand florins. Arrival of 14,000 Hanoverians in the Low- Countries. The commune of Paris hoifts a black flag, as a fign of extreme danger to the country. General Miranda imprifoned in chains at Bruflels. Dantzig fubmits itfelf to the King of Pruflia. Dumourier conveys to Lifle the treafures of the churches of Bruffels. He flops the firft commiflloners of the con- vention, and fends them to Paris ; he reviews his troops at Bruflels, and marches to the enemy. Robcfpierre demands that all defpots be over- turned, and that liberty be eftabliflied on the ruin of all ariflocracies. Monfieur, regent of France, creates the Count d'Artois lieutenant-general of the kingdom. Decreed, that the palace of St. Eyor, near Verfailles, be deflroyed. [ 47 ] Decreed, that plate be confidered as mer- chandize. La Source inveighs bitterly againfl the En- glifli government. It is calculated, that 150 divorces take place every month in Paris fmce the decree. Dumourier caufes the plate to be reftored to the churghes of Belgium, of which they had been plundered. Buzot declaims in the tribune againfl the defpotifm of the convention. 10. Epoch of the counter-revolutions in La Vendee. The French abandon the fiege of William- ftadt. The Auftrian advanced guard enters Tirle- mont, but are obliged again to evacuate it. 16. The States-general reward the garrifon of Williamftadt for their gallant defence. 17. The French and Auftrian armies drawn up in order of battle all day oppofite to each other. 18. Bloody battle of Neerfwinde, which lads the whole day. The French wholly de- feated. 19. The battle of Tirlemont; General Valence wounded, and the French routed. Dumourier fufpefted of treafon at Paris. 23. Battle of Louvain between the French and Aullrians. C 48 ] The PrufTmns approach Mayencc. Dumourier demands a truce ot" fix days to evacuate the Low Countries. The Empire declares war againfl France, in confequence of a refolution of the diet of Ratifbon. The Auftrians enter Louvain. Prince Co- bourg refufes a truce to Dumourier. The Duke Frederick of Brunfwick quits the army on account of his health. The Pruflians approach Mayence. General Santerre folicits a difcharge from the o command of the troops of Paris, that he may have leifure to attend to the affairs of his brewery. Chenier propofes an oaken crown as a re- ward for republican generals. Duhem complains to the convention, that the veffel of ftate is near foundering. Garat paffes from the oJEfice of minlfter of juftice to that of the interior. Difcourfe of Danton, to roufe the people en maffe (in a body.) ' A conflitutional prieft, commanding a batta- lion, begs the convention to preferve his rec- tory for him whiKl he goes to the frontiers. The inhabitants of Frankfort write to Cuftlne, that they are not willing to receive the French government. Infurrection at Orleans, C 49 ] 24, The Auflrians enter Bruffels and Mechlin. The Pmffians pafs the Rhine at St. Goar* 26. Antwerp fubmits to the Auflrians. The ftatue of Prince Charles of Loraine, which the infurgents overturned, is re- ftored. 27. Namur and Mons evacuated by the French. The Archduke Charles appointed governor of the Low Countries. Danton propofes to the convention, that all citizens be juftiiied to kill any perfons who are hoftile to the revolution, wherever they may find them. 29. The Auflrians enter Ghent. At the end of this rtionth, all Brabant has returned to the dominion of the Emperor. Tumults and plunders in private houfes at Paris. Th^ convention fummons Dumourier to its bar. The French are driven out of Worms, and Spires. J^pril 2. The convention fends Bouriionvillej the mi- niflcr of war, with four commifTioners to arrefl Dumourier ; but he, apprized of their intentions, feizes them, and delivers them to the Prince of Cobourg. Dumourier fends General Miaczinfki to fecure Lifle, but he is fufpe£led, and arrefled there» C 50 ] The French evacuate Breda and Gertruy- denberg. Dumourier, accompanied by Gen. Valence, and two fons of Philip Egalite, together with fome regiments and the military cheft, fvalTes over to the Auftrians. This ftep of Dumourier induces the conven- tion to declare itfelf permanent. The German princes and nobles, who were detained prifoners at Landau, are conveyed to Paris as hoftages for the commiffioners who are kept by the Auflrians. Domiciliary vifits are recommended at Paris. Monf. de Blanchland, governor of St. Do- mingo, is guillotined at Paris, and dies with extraordinary firmnefs. Great congrefs held at Antwerp by the chiefs of the allied armies. Decreed, that henceforward commiffioners fliall remain with the armies, and be invefled with powers unlimited. Philip Egalite, his third fon, his fifler, and the Prince of Conti, conducted prifoners to Marfeilles. The commune of Vernon Is unwilling to fuffer Madame d'Orleans to depart, on ac- count of her ill health, and they promife to anfwer with their lives for their bene- faflrefs and friend. C 5' D The Pruffians prepare for the iiege of Mayence. The creditors of Egalite fix his annual zU lowance at about 8 cool, a year. His income is faid to have been between three and four hundred thoufand a year. Gen. Damplere forms the camp of FamarSj the French having retired from Holland. Great debates in the convention on the fub- jecl of a petition from 35 fe^lions of Paris, againft the chiefs of the Mountain. The Englifli take the ifland of Tobago. General Miaczinfki, Corapte d'Arenberg, and le Compte Linanges, fent to the Abbaye at Paris, to anfwer for the fafety of the commiflioners, 12. A long and violent tumult in the conven- tion, becaufe the members come intoxicated. Marat efcapes from prifon, and writes an in- fulting letter to the convention; decree of accufation againfl him. Thirty-five fetftions of Paris demand the de- pofition of Briflbt, and twenty other mem- bers of the convention* Marat remains concealed, but his journal appears every day. Weiffenau is deftroyed by heavy artillery ; Dampierre makes a vigorous refiftance. A battle between Valenciennes and Conde. E 2 T '> '5' [ 5^ 3 The garrifon of Liile makes a powerful fortie. Dumourier is allowed no part in the opera- tions againft France; at Frankfort he pub- hfhes his contempt for Egahte, and refpeft for his fons. 21. The Eleftor of Mayence addreffes a letter of thanks to his fubje6ls. The bifliop of Leige returns to his dominions. The French make themfelves maflers of Mont-Beliard. America declares for neutrality. Count d'Artois goes to Peterfburgh. The Spaniards obtain confiderable advan- tages near Perpignan. The royalifts of La Vendee publifli a mani- feflo, againft whom the convention orders twenty thoufand men to march. Treaty between Great-Britain and Ruffia; another between Great-Britain and Sardinia. Great diforders at Marfeilles and Aix. 28. The archduke Charles makes a folemn entry into Brullels, as governor-general of the Low Countries; 400 citizens draw his coach. Kellerman depofed from his command by ■the convention. The Emperor reproaches the Ele^or of Bavaria with his neutrality, in a remark- able note* [ 53 ] Engagement between the French and Auf- trians near Landau. Dampierre declares that only 800 men ac- companied Dumourier. Marat fuffers himfelf to be conduced to prifon. The revolutionary tribunal acquits Marat; he is conducted in triumph to the conven- tion by the mob, who force themfelves in- to the feats of the members. The commilTioners of the convention, at Marfeilles, are obliged to fly. The French make a brilk fally from Mayence. An infurreftion at Breflau, raifed by a taylor, and not fupprefled without cannon. 30. Decreed, that the revolutipnary tribunal fhall be fufpended till the id of June next. May I. Dampierre gives a bloody battle, to keep up a communication between Conde and Valenciennes. Deputies from Nantes require fuppon from the convention; they announce, that the war of La Vendee has already cofl the lives of 2000 patriots. 3. The King of Pruffia, after feveral bloody fights, with various fuccefs, drives the French from Coflheim. Sallies are made every day from Valen- ciennes; Gen, Mack is wounded in the arm. i: 54 3 Great fire In the port and magazines of 1' Orient. Twelve hundred millions of affignats ilTued. Melancholy accounts laid before the con- vention, of the wretched flate of the inte- rior parts of France. 6. Houchard attacks the Auflrians near Lan- dau. The garrifon of Mayence, and the camp of Famars, make a fally; a number of men killed. 8. A warm attack at Coftheim. A battle alfo at Longwy. This day was a day of general fighting in all the armies. 9. General Dampierre dies of his wounds., Lamarche takes the temporary command. $ o. The convention holds its firfl fitting in the hall of the Tuilleries, now called the Na» tional Palace. Battle of Hafnon. The convention is difpofed to grant to Dampierre the honour of the Pantheon J but Danton propofed, and carried a decree, that no one fliould ob- tain that honour till 20 years after his death. 7. Cuftine is appointed general of the northern army. The elector of Bavaria renounces his neii-? trality, and orders his contingent of troops march, r 55 ] General Miranda is acquitted by the revo- lutionary tribunal; and receives a civic crown from the people. General Valence, who had gone over to the Auftrians with Dumourier, is ordered to quit the dates of the empire. Interrogatory of Philip Egalite at Marfeilles. The popular tribunal of Marfeilles fuf- pended, becaufe it was becom.e more ad- verfe to the jacobins fmcc the arrival of the Bourbons. General Miaczinfki condemned to death by the revolutionary tribunal. Santerre fent againft the royalills of La Vendee. Kellerman recovers the efteem of the con- vention, and is employed again in the armies. 17. Cuftine attacks the Auftrians near Landau with 30,000 men, and forces them to retire. General Wurmfer repalTes the Rhine. Every day there are fkirmifhes near May ence. Miaczinfki is executed — his depofitions againft Pethiou, Genfonnet, and others, not •being proved. 23. The allies attack the :amp of Famars, and the whole line from Orchies to Maubeuge. A bloody aftion during the whole day. The French fecretly during the night aban- clon the camp of Famars. Riots in Paris, on account of the arreft of Hebert, compiler of a gazette cidled Le- Pere-du-Chefne. Count d'Artois joins his brother at Ham. It appears that fix patriotic merchants of Holland had promifed Dumourier four millions of florins, provided he conquered the country. Le Gendre propofes to exclude from the convention all who voted for the appeal to . the people. The two parties in the convention come to aftual blows; and confufion and diforder continue for three hours. The anti-jacobins obtain the upper hand at Lyons, and 400 perfons are facrificed. 25. Marat infults the convention. Decreed, that any m.ember who fliall call another villain, or confpirator, or fuch-like names, fliall be expelled the convention. Marat inftantly violates this law. Great tumults. 26. All printing-offices and preiTes, not in the interefl of the jacobins, fuch as thofe of Briifot, Condorcet, Pru de I'Homme, Ra- baut, &c. are deftroyed. 27. The elector of Bavaria, after receiving the Emperor's note, becomes active; a part of his army marches to Mayence. 30. Hebert is fet at liberty. The French from Landau make an effort to deliver Mayence. [ 57 ] A bold fally Is m^de from Mayence. Prince Louis, fon ot Prince Ferdinand, makes a vi- gorous refinance. The jacobins are vicio- rious in Paris. 100,000 citizens are under arms all night. The tocfm (alarm bell) is ringing all day. The forty-eight fe^lions of Paris demand an a£l: of aQCufation againil twenty members; among whom are, Pethion, BriiTot, Barba- ' roux, Chambon, Gorfas, Guadct, Lanjui- nais, Verniaud, &c. Six cfcape, and among diem is BrilTot. Madame Roland is arrefled; her hufband not to be found. The convention in horrible tumult ; and the prefident (Ifnard) unable to calm it, breaks up the fitting. The refult of this famous day was to devote twenty-two members to the guillotine, . to declare forty-one out of the proteftion of the law, and to imprifon feventy-one. yune» A legion of French gentlemen fails from England to Oftend. A party of male and female negroes are prefented to the convention. The generals of the French armies are as follows : Cuftine commands the army of the North at Bouchain; Houchard that of the Mofelle, at Sar Louis; Beauharnois, the army of the Rhine, at WilTenbourg; Kel- lerman, that of the Alps, at Chamberry ; [ 58 3 Brunct, that of Italy, at Nice; De Flers, that of the Eallern P)'rennees, at Bayonne; Biron, the army of the coafts of Nantes, at Nantes ; and Wimpfer, that of the coafts of Cantal, at Bayeux. 7. The royalifts in La Vendee obtain confi- derable advantages. Baron Trenck becomes a jacobin. 9. A bloody battle near Arlon. The French very numerous. General Schroeder forced to retreat, Arlon pillaged by the French, Difcuffion in the convention about a forced loan of a milliard of livres. 12. The Prince of Waldec killed in an attack near Lifle at the head of the Dutch, Severe complaints from moft of the depart- ments about the fitting of the 31ft of May. Saumur and Angers taken by the royalifls, 1 3. Mauifcfto from the Marfeillois to the French republicans againft the convention. 14. The departments of Eure and Calvados de- clare that the convention is not free. The club of jacobins is fhut up at Aix. De-Ferraris, general of artillery, begins to bombard Valenciennes, ThePruiTians open trenches before May ence. Marat returns to the convention after a fortnight's voluntary fufpenfion. 3?lan pf ^ republican conflitution read, [ 59 ] 1 8. The revolutionary tribunal fends "eighteen perfons to the guillotine. General Wimpfer lofes the confidence of the convention, on account of the diforders in Calvados. IQ. The news reaches London of a naval aftion on the 1 8th of April between the French and Eng^lifh. The army of the Emperor is ftated to amount to 225,274 men, exclufive of artil- lery and the ftaffs. Des-Forges nominated minifter of foreign affairs. Count Byland executed. Dumourier arrives in London. He is or- dered to leave England immediately, but in terms of civility. The royalifts under Gallon fulfer great lofles near Nantes. 20. Deputies affemble at Grenoble to give a judgment upon the proceedings of the con- vention on the 31ft of May, Ferrand, commandant of Valenciennes, ex- erts himfelf by every means to prevent the inhabitants from defiring to furrender. Decree of accufation againft Wimpfer. 513. Pethion and Lanjuinais efcape. Decree of accufation againft BrifTot. The ^cathedral of Mayence burnt dowrj j fhe Pruflians fummon the city to furrender, :[ 6o ] The Imperialifts take Weiflenau. 'Juh I. The Queen is informed that ftie mud fepa- . rate herfelf from her fon, whofe education is committed to Simon, a ilioemaker. Barrere reports to the alTembly, that an ih- furreftion has taken place in Corfica. 8. Condorcet is denounced by Chabot. Buzot, Barbaroux, Gorfas, Lanjuinais, &c. are declared traitors. Some other members are decreed to b^ in accufation. General Sandos is delivered to the revolu- tionary tribunal. Biron is accufed of incivifm. The French are forced to evacuate the camp of Ciefar on the Scheldt. Conde furrenders by capitulation to his Im- perial Majeily. Infurreftion at Lyons, and in feveral other departments. Declaration by the chiefs of the foyal and cathohck army of La Vendee. Admiral Truguet complains to the conven- tion of the ill ftate of the marine. 12. Charlotte Corday aflaflinates Marat; he is buried with great ceremony in the Pantheon, Charlotte Corday is executed. 14. The republicans in La Vendee are defeated by the royalifts. Deputies from St. Domingo complain of ravages by the commiffioners Polverel and Santonax, who are declared to be in accu- (atlon. Rigorous decree againfl Corfica, General Paoli declared a traitor. The royalifts continue their fucceiTes. 23. Mayence furrenders to the Prullians. D'Arnaud-Baculard, an eminent writer, is guillotined for having lodged an emigrant in his houfe. Decreed, that every foldier fliall fufFer death who fliall throw away his arms to fly from an enemy. Decree of accufation againft Gen. Cufline, 27. General D'Oyre, the commandant of May- ence during the fiege, and all his flafF, put under arreft by the convention. Valenciennes furrenders to the Duke of York. The Prince of Cobourg takes pof- feflion of it for the Emperor. 29. Tremendous hail-florms at Paris. General Cuftine is fent to the Abbaye. Decreed, that every loth of Auguft fliall be celebrated as the feflival of the unity and indiyifibillty of the republic. Ordered, that every knight of St. Louis fliall depoiit his crofs in his municipality. Decreed, that no aflignats, with the late King's effigy, under the value of ico livres, fliall have in future any value, but be re- ceived only at prcfent in payment of taxes. n 6i 3 Decreed, that all ftrangers in France, efpe- cially Englifli, be committed to prifon. Decreed, that all forefts and all crops of corn in La Vendee be burnt. Decreed, that every veflige of royalty be deftroycd. Decreed, that the trial of the Queen be commenced. Decreed, that a camp of 300,000 men be formed between Valenciennes and Paris. The invention of the telegraph laid before the convention. The effe£ls of the India company feized and fealed. The members of the revolutionary tribunal doubled, in order that they may be able to go through bufinefs more expeditioufly. 31. Engagement between the republicans and Sardinians. Motion by Danton, to pafs a national fponge over the enormous number of affignats. Aug. I. The convention regulates an uniformity of weights and meafures in the republic. It denounces to all Europe the government of l^ngland. Ordered, that the Queen be fent to the or* dinary prifon of the Conciergerie, and given up to the revolutionary tribunal. Chambon moves, that all caftles be erafed from the face of the republic. C 63 J 2. A fire in the arfenal of Huningen. 7. Decreed, that Pitt is the enemy of the hu- man race. ^ 8. All academies and hterary focicties, which had been eftabhflied by letters patent, fup- prSfled by decree. A coloflal flatue of liberty is creeled in the place of that of Louis XV. 14. The new conftitution accepted by the fe^- deres. Decreed, upon the motion of Barrere, that the nation will repair in a mafs to the fron- tiers; this was the origin of requifitions. X 8 . The battle of Lincelles in favour of the allies. The army of the convention enters Mar- feilles, after difperfmg the few troops which that city had ralfed to oppofe it. Decree for a plan of education purely re- publican. The convention charges its commiffioners to fpare nothing to reduce Lyons, which is in a (late of rebellion. A child appears at the bar of the convention, faying, that inftead of preaching up one felf-made God, the convention had efta- blifhed gods in the principles of equality and the rights of man. 28. Cufline is guillotined at Paris. Lord Hood addrefies a proclamation to the Southern provinces oF France. C 64 ] Lord Hood takes poffelTion of Toulon, by agreement with the chief men and inhabi- tants of the city, in the name of Louis XVIL Aftion between the Spaniards and the French under Dagobert, in which the for- mer lofe their camp. 29. The Spaniards obtain advantages over ano- ther army of the French towards the Wef- tern Pyrennees. Within the lafl: fix months, twenty-feven generals of the republican armies have been difgraced or accufed; of whom, five deflroyed themfelves, three perlflied on the fcaifold, and fourteen deferted to the enemy. 30. Motion to imprifon the wives and children of emigrants. Motion of Danton to caufe the expence of the war to fall upon merchants and the wealthy. Sept. 3. Declaration of war by the King of Naples againfl the French republic. Poland is obliged to yield to the treaty of partition propofed by PrufTia. Decreed, that every adminiftrator of public accounts, and every national agent fliall give in an exaft ftatement of his fortune previous to the year 1791. Le Brun and Claviere, ex-minifters, are de« livered to the revolutionary tribunal. C 65 ] Energetic addrefs from the convention to the French people, refpe£ting the treafon at Toulon. Decreed, that all foreign property in France, efpecially Englifli, {hall be fequeflered. The convention refolves that new commif- fioners be fent to St. Domingo, in the room of Polverel and Santonax. ' The Vendean generals write to the Count d'Artois, inviting him to put himfelf at their head. 1 1 . The city of Quefnoy furrenders to the Im- perialifts. Robefpierre declares to the convention, that the country is in extreme danger. The republicans are defeated at Chanton- nay by the royalifts. 12. The Dutch are defeated at Menin. The Duke of York is forced to raife the fiege of Dunkirk. - General Dumerbian, of the army in Italy, is arrefled. Engagement between the royalifls and re- publicans. The Duke de Bethune-Charofl arrefled. J 4. The French attack the combined armies in different points near Weiffembourg without any thing decifive. The Duke de Nivernois and other confider- able perfons arrefled. C 66 ] Duhem ftates to the convention, that its philanthropy coft France 120,000 perfons lafl: year. The number of veffels found in Toulon by the Engliih was twenty-two (hips of the line and five frigates. 15. Decreed, that every young man from 18 to 25 mud immediately join the army. Menin retaken by General Beaulieu. 1 7. The French fail in their attempt to pafs the Rhine at Huningen. Decreed, that all former nobles and rela- tions of emigrants, Ihall be confidered as fufpefled, and be imprifoned. Engagement between the Spaniards and French; the former retire with lofs. 18. The royalifts near Saumur take the flying artillery of the republicans. 19. The fiege of Lyons is commenced. Decreed, that all women fhall carry tic- kets of civifm, and wear a three-coloured cockade. Collot d'Herbois propofes to feize and bury all counter-revolutionifts under the land of liberty, by means of mines^ Barrere propofes to banifli all thofe who are averfe to republican government. 20. Decreed, that the vulgar sera be abolifhed, and that a new manner be adopted of di- I 67 ] viding days and years, to be called the Re* publican Calendar* The French attack the Duke of Brunfwick, and are repulfed near Bitchej feveral actions take place in confequence. 21. Decreed, that no produce or manufafture of England fhall be imported into France or the colonies, but in French bottoms ; , nor foreign lliips convey the commodities of France from one French port to another, under pain of confifcation. 22. A great number of perfons of diflinftion arrefted. The King of Pruffia leaves his army, and returns to BerHn, The Pruffians make the French to retreat in the dutchy of Deux-ponts. Two thoufand millions of afTignats iffued. 29. Prince Cobourg pafles the Sambre, and in- verts Maubeuge. Decreed, that all fathers and mothers Ihall inform where their children, in a (late of requifition, are concealed. Barrere propofes, that as the French nation has proclaimed liberty to the earth, it ftiould proclaim liberty alfo to the fea. Madame Du Barry, General Houchard, General Quetinau, and Marfhal Luckner, are prifoners in the Abbaye. F 2 C 68 ] The Ducheffes of Grammont and of Cha- telet, with many other nobles, are impri- foned in the Hotel de la Force. The number of prifoners in 'Paris is 2560. The Queen remains in a dungeon of the Conciergerie, her trial not yet commenced; nor that of the deputies, who were put out of the proteflion of the law. BrifTot, and others, taken and carried to Paris. 061. I. The French obtain a victory over the Sar- dinians in the Tarentaife, and in Maurienne. On the fide of Saorgio, the Sardinians have fome advantages over the French. , A great number of members are ai'refled in the very convention, and delivered to the revolutionary tribunal. Drouet, who flopped the King at Varennes, falls into the hands of the Auflrians. The conftitutional bidiop of Derdogne pre- fents his new wife to the convention. 6. Gorfas, a member of the convention, is ar- refted in the Palais Royal, and guillotined in 24 hours. Difgrace of Generals Houchard, Schom- berg, and Landremont, who are replaced by Jourdan, Delmas, and Moreau. Thuriot complains to the convention, that JourdLin is appointed to a command, and en- joys public confidence ; a man of blood, C 69 ] fire, and pillage, whofe name poflerity will not read without horror. The national agent, Hebert, reduces the prifoners in the temple to the flrifteft regi- men; the Queen is ferved on pewter. 8. The aUies gain confiderable advantages over the French at Toulon. Cambon prOpofes to difcredit fpecie in order to raife the value of affignats. Billaud Varennes propofes the immediate trial of the Queen, Arrefl of all the members of the conflituent alTembly, who protefted againit the confli- tution of 1 79 1. Republican women appear at the bar of the convention, declaring that they, as well as men, are confcious of their rights, and know how to refift oppreiTion. 8. Lyons, after fome days of fiege, is forced to fubmit. Barrere moves, that the city be deftroyed, and that, a column be erected on the fpot, with thefe words engraven on it, " Lyons waged war againfl liberty; Lyons " is no more.'* J 3. The allies make themfelves maflers of the ftrong and famous lines of WeifTembourg. Lauterbourg furrenders to them next day. All monuments of former Kings who were buried at St. Denis, are deftroyed by order of the convention. C 70 ] 1 5. The Queen appears at the bar of the revo- lutionary tribunal; Fouquier, the pubHc accufer, reads the lift of injuries and grie- vances with which (lie is charged, and im- mediately obtains a fentence of death againft her ; flie hears it with downcaft eyes, and without uttering a word. 16. Marie Antoinette of Auftria, Queen of France, is conveyed in a cart to the place of execution, her hands tied behind her back,and with her back to the horfe's tail. She mounted the fcaffold quickly, amidft acclamations of the people, which excited only a fmile of pity in her. She looked earneftly at the Tuilleries, and feemed to dwell upon the place where her children were ; before flie was faftened to the guil- lotine, llie threw her eyes up to heaven, and foon after her head was fevered from her body. Decreed, that the money of France be changed into francs of gold and of filver, and into republicans. Work-hoafes eftablifhed to prevent begging. General Ferrand, writing to the convention an account of his exploits in Arragon and Catalonia, fays, that he experts to plant the tree of liberty on the walls of Madrid next; campaign. c 7' : Prince Cobourg, attacked by the French, raifes the fiege of Maubeuge, and repaffcs the Sambre. 1 7, The French are fuccefsful in Piedmont. It . is announced to the convention, that the intruding bifhop of Moulins officiated in a red bonnet, and with a pike inflead of the crofs and mitre. Every external fign of religion is aboliihed. . The infcription on burying places is, " that *' death is only an eternal lleep." 22. Andre Dumont informs the convention from Abbeville, that he was making the crofs and crucifix to difappear. " I fhall com- " prehend in my profcription all thofe black " animals called priefts.'* The convention orders, that the news of the conqueft of La Vendee be fent to all the departments. 24. The royalifts again appear, and gain great advantage over the republicans. Decreed, that every city which furrenders w^ithout ft audi ng one alTault Ihall be razed to the ground. Permiflion granted to women to regulate their fortune, as well as their hufbands. The number of prifoners in Paris amounts to 4000. The French attack the allies for fix days fuc-. ceffively; always bringing up frefh troops j C 72 3 conftantly repulfed, they ftill return and take pofleflion of the port, if polTiblc, at any ex- pence. 27. New decree againft priefts. The French lofe 3000 men in two actions; one againft Wurmfer, and a fecond againft the Pruftians. The royahfts of La Vendee compleatly de- feat the French repubHcans. The French, who had taken Menin, Cour- tray, Furnes, who befieged Nieuport, and threatened Oftend, are obhged to retire, and evacuate all they had got in Brabant. The commiftioners at Lyons write, that 800 workmen are labouring to demolifli the city, purfuant to an order of the convention. Lyons was the fecond city of France. 30. The Duke of York retakes Marchiennes, and makes 1629 prifoners. 31. Twenty-one members of the convention guillotined in 37 minutes, viz. BrifFot, Verniaud, Duprat, Valaze, Genfonnet, Le Hardy, Ducos, Boyer, Fonfrede, Boileau, Gardier, Du Chaftel, Sillery, Fauchet, Duperret, La Source, Carra, Beauvais,, Mainville, Antiboul, Vegee, and La Cafe. The royalifts of La Vendee take the ifland of Noirm utier. Nov. I. Egalite conveyed from Marfeilles to the pri- fon of the Conciergerie in Paris. C 73 3 A column of Vendeans paffes the Loire at Ancenis. Two aftions between the Spaniards and French; the latter lofe between five and fix thoufand men. A member propofes to guillotine all farmers and labourers that monopolize. Decreed, that all lead, iron, copper, and bells of churches, fliall be applied to the .ufe of the war. The Britilh embaffador preffes the Grand Duke of Tufcany to join the allies. Decreed, that natural children fliall fliare in- heritances equally with legitimate; provided the parents have no other hufband or wife. Spoils and plunder of the churches are daily fent to the convention. The grand mafter of Malta takes part with 'the allies againfl; France. Philip Egalite (formerly Duke of Orleans) is guillotined upon the fcaffold to which he brought his unfortunate King. Lidon, a member of the convention, flioots himfelf. Complaints from all parts of want of bread. The inhabitants declare they have only a quarter of a pound of bread each a day. Bailly, firfl; mayor of Paris, guillotined. General Beaulieu- defeats the French, and forces them to retreat to Philipville. C 74 ] Ordered, that farmers of the national do- mains pay their rents in kind. Some perfons are ordered to take away by night the fhrine of St. Genevieve, the pa- tronefs of Paris, and whom the Parifians always refpefted peculiarly ; it is carried to the Mint. 7. Gabet and his conflitutional clergy renounce in the convention the facerdotal character. Madame Roland is condemned to death and executed the fame day, with five municipal officers of Pont-de-Ce. 1 1. Feftival of Reafon, in the cathedral of Paris. A woman is appointed to receive the ho- mage there which is denied to the Deity. 12. The royalifts of La Vendee continue their fucceiTes. The Picdmontefe flill unfuccefsful, lofing their camp and ftores at La Magdeleine, The national vengeance is at length glutted with the blood of the inhabitants of Lyons; between 2 and 3000 perfons have been malTacred by tying them together, and firing upon them with cafe-fliot; and the fabre finilhed thofe whofe wounds were not mortal. Fort-Louis furrenders to the allies. 200 per- fons are guillotined at Strafbourg for hefita- ting to pay their proportion of a fum order- ed to be raifcd in that city within 24 hours. C 75 ] Collot d'Herbois and Foucher, commlffioners at Lyons, write, that the work of deflruc- tion goes on too ilow. Mines and fires are neceffary to forward the demolition of fo great a city. The allies make a fally from Toulon, kill 2000 French, deflroy the works, and take eleven pieces of cannon. Manuel and Cafly, nfembers of the convention, and • Generals Houchard and Brunet, are guil- lotined. 18. Thuriot, Chabot, Bazlre, L'Aunay, all de- puties, are imprifoned. Chamfont cms his throat. Several a£lions near Bitche, be- tween the French and Pruffians ; the latter are forced to retire. On the other hand the French lofe 8000 men in an action againft Wurmfer. The Sardinians after two actions are forced to retreat. Monfieur Lavordy, formerly comptroller of finances, guillotined. 26. The Vendeans beat the republicans, and take the poft of Auftrain. The Sardinians under General Brentano re- pulfe the French. The Spaniards obtain a viftory. Chambon, member of the convention, mayor of Paris at the King's malTacre, is put o«t of the proteflion of the law, and killed by C 76 ] the inhabitants of Tulle, among whom he had taken refuge. Gen. La Morbiere is guillotined. 27. The royalifls of La Vendee take feveral towns in Brittany; on the 19th they take Granville, but evacuate it. Barnave, a deputy to the firil alTembly, one of the authors of the revolution, and Du- port, then minifter of juflice, guillotined. 29. Project to ere£t a monument upon the Pont- Neuf, reprefenting the people as giants. The convention receives from all parts the letters of prieflhood from the intruders. Decreed, that a municipal officer with a red bonnet fliall inter the dead. Robefpierre declaims againfl: the eagernefs with which they fet about the work of de- flroying religion. A deputation of women appears at the bar with the red bonnet. Decree, offering rewards to every abjuring prieil. At Rochefort and other cities the pictures and books of the churches are burned, St. Domingo taken by the Englifli. The orator of the fludents of the republi- can fchool comes to the bar, to affure the convention that he and his comrades detefl God. C 77 ] Reraonilrances of Mr. Drake, the Britifli. minifler, to the Senate of Genoa on the fubjecl of neutrality. A member informs the convention that ten thoufand firelocks are made in Paris daily. Decreed, that a cololTal ftatue be ereded in Paris 46 feet high, with the rights of man and the conftitutional aft for a pe- deftal. " ' Furious deckmation of Robefpierre againfl the Britifli government, ■^o. General O'Hara, commander at Toulon, taken prifoner by the French. The inhabitants of Marly fend to the con- vention all the precious effefts of the pa- lace of Marly, and all the iron of the fa- mous works of that place. Decreed, that all the lakes and marilies of the republic be dried, and fowed with grain of various forts. Dec. I. The Jacobins of Nantes drown 90 prieils deftined for Guiana, by fmking the fnip in which they were embarked. Madame du Barry, the Duke Chatelet, the two Rabauts, members of the convention, Kerfaint and Noel, members alfo, are all I guillotined. The ex-miniilcr Claviere kills himfelf in prifon. One hundred and fifty perfons guillotined at Dunkirk. C 78 ] The feflival of an afs celebrated at Lyons, in derifion of religious worftiip. Collot de Herbois informs the convention of the maffacres which he has executed at Lyons. The right wing of the Auftrian army takes 1200 prifoners, and kills 1700. The Prince of Conde takes 7 cannon, and kills 1300 men. The Duke of Brunfwick kills takes and 6000 men. 3. Wurmfer defeats the army oppofed to him, kills 10,000, and makes 5,000 prifoners, 4. The French evacuate Deux-Ponts, having loft immenfe numbers of men and of artil- lery. Raymond le Veuve is guillotined at Bour- deaux. The French attack the Auftrian and Pruf- fian armies almoft daily, and are conftantly repulfed with lofs. 11. The French, notwithftanding their conftant loffes, continue to attack the lines of the allies. They lofe 5000 in an attack near Haguenau. Valadi is difcovered and guillotined. 12. The royalifts are defeated with great lofs near Mans. In an aftion near La Guerche, the Vendeans kill 7000 republicans, and take their artillery. C 79 ] Birateau, member of the convention, guil- lotined at Bourdeaux. The feilival of reafon celebrated in all cities of France, as in Paris. Madame de Villette, niece of Voltaire, dies on the fcaffold. 14. The French make an attack on the pofts of the allies; on the fide of Courtray, and are repulfed. The general, with his aid-du- camp and ftaff to the number of 25, are ar- refled at Lifle. 16, The French again attack the lines of Gen. Wurmfer, and are again repulfed with great lofs. 18. The royalifts of La Vendee are again vic- torious near Concale. Toulon is retaken by the republicans, its name is changed on the motion of Barrere, to that of the " Port of the Mountain." Letter of Chabot from the prifon of the Luxemburg to the convention. 20. The Duke of Brunfwick, near Weiffem- bourg, defeats the French army, kills 10,000, and takes their camp and baggage with 47 pieces of artillery. Rejoicings in Paris on account of the re- taking of Toulon. The French, after having fo often attacked the allies with great lofs, and returned a* C 8o ] often to harrafs them ftlll, at length carry their point. They take i6 cannon, kill 500 men, and recover the flrong lines of Weiffembourg. 27. The allies raife the fiege of Landau. 1794. y^w. I. The reprefentatives of the people, in or- der to get rid of prifoners in La Vendee, dire£l that all of them be thrown into the Loire. 2. The ifland of Noirmoutier is retaken by the republicans; 800 royalifts are killed, and 1 200 are made prifoners. 3. The old marflial Luckner, and the fon of General Cuftine, guillotined. 4. Eight hundred emigrants perifh in croffing the Rhine. The States of Brabant require great contri- butions for the expence of the war. Bourdon de L'Oife complains, that the mi- nifter is ftill too monarchical, and he de- mands that one purely republican be ap- pointed. •5. The Prince of Talmond, one of the chiefs of the royalifts, is taken by the republicans near Fougeres. The remains of his army joins the Chouans. The Chouans, who now begin to be diflin- guifbed, are fo called from two brothers. t 8i ] gentlemen of that name, who were particu- larly active in levying troops in Brittany for the fervice of the royalifts. 6. Monf. d'Efpremenil, a counfellor of the parliament of Paris, and an ex-conftituent, thrown into prifon. General Cartaux fent to the Conciergerie. Chamban, comptroller of finances, com- plains that printing the names of emigrants on large paper is too expenfive, and moves that the fmall oftavo be ufed. Decree of accufation againft Roncin and Roffignol, generals of the republic in La Vendee. The revolutionary tribunal of Lyons, to plcafe the people, burns in effigy the Em- peror, the Kings of England, Spain, Pruffia, and Sardinia, Mr. Pitt, and the Pope. The city of Toulon is alfo burnt in the repre- fentation of a woman. La Mourette, intruding bifliop of Lyons, guillotined. Herbert is convifted of having received from the national treafury, for his journal " Le Pere du Chefne," in June 1793, 123,000 livres, and in O6lober 60,000 livres. 1 1 . Thomas Payne and Anacharfis Cloots im- prifon ed in the Luxemburg. [ 82 ] yan. II. Ordered by the Jacobin club of Paris, that all farcafms and philippics, uttered in their tribune againfl the government and confti- tution of England, be printed and fent to the patriots in the three kingdoms. The convention decrees, that all infcrip- tions on monuments fliall be in the French language. Decreed, that all property real and perfonal of the farmers-general lliall belong to the nation. Pondicherry furrenders to the Britifli. The prefident of the convention reads a letter from Vitre. " The fouls of moft of " the royalifts have been fent to the Eternal " Father; we are every day deflroying the " Chouans, thofe infernal banditti." The French are active in reftoring the lines of Weiffembourg to cover the fiege of Fort- Louis. The Baron Latude guillotined ; he had lived many years in the Baflille, and was called . the proof and viflim of defpotifm. The committee of public fafety remove Simon, the flioemaker, from the office of tutor and preceptor to the fon of Louis XVL confined in the Temple; and refolve that there is no need of any other in his place* [ §3 ] A manufafture is offered to the convention of cloth made of two-thirds hair. 19. The chimneyifweepers requeft of the con- vention the releafe of Abbe Fenelon, who had been a father to them during 60 years. 21. The anniverfary of the death of Louis XVI. is declared in the convention a day ofglory^ Between the 13th of December and the 24th of January, 325 perfons were guillo- tined at Lyons, and 330 fliot. Generals Wurmfer and the Duke of Brunf. wick are fucceeded by Generals Braun and Moellendorff. The female citizen Chapuis, daughter of the general, demands to ferve as a dragoon. The Count dArtois fends his diamonds to Marflial Broglio for the ufe of emigrants. Motion by Rhul againfl the Eleftor of Ba= varia. A deputation of Americans demand the re- leafe of their countryman Thomas Payne. The prefident replies that he is an Englifli- man. 27. Decreed, that all caftles in conquered coun- tries which cannot be ufed as hofpitals fliall be burned. Decreed, that fixty-two millions of affignats (hall be at the difpofition of the war-minifter G 2 C'84 ] 29. every month. And that 95,000 cavalry be raifed for the next fpring. 30. Upwards of three thoufand peafants, pri- foncrs from La Vendee, are guillotined or jfhot at Nantes. 31. l*erigord Tayleyrand, biihop of Autun, or- dered to leave England. Feb. I . Monf. La Borde, the former court banker, and father of La Borde de Merville, an ex- conftituent, is forced to purchafe his liberty with a large fum of money. The opera of " Toute la Grece'* is in great vogue — the ftory of it is, that Philip, feeing all Greece rifmg in a mafs, begs for peace; Greece refufes to make peace with a King. Report to the convention, that excellent foap is made of potatoes. 4. Slavery abolifhed in all the colonies. 5. Pichegru appointed commander of the army of the North in the room of Jourdan. The treafurer Cambon ftates to the conven- tion that lafl year 4,885,764 livres were coined of copper and bell-metal. A deputation of blacks appears at the bar to be received as brethren. Decreed, that every officer and foldier, of whatever rank, fliall have an equal quantity of provifions, a man having but one ftomach. 7, The 48 fe^lions of Paris appear at the bar to proteft againft any fufpenfion of arms. C 85 ] All mints for coining money fupprelTed, ex- cept that of Paris. The commune of Chamberry fends to the convention twelve thoufand marks* of filver, together with the fword of Prince Eugene, five feet long. Manifello of the Germanic body to juftify the war^vith France. The Prince of Talmond and fourteen priefls guillotined. One of the two brothers, of La Vendee, from whom the Chouans took their name, is killed by the republicans. A bloody quarrel between the republican and revolutionary foldiers of the French army. The Vendeans obtain advantages at Cholet. The Duke and Duchefs of Luynes, and Monf. de Montmorency, an ex-conftituent, imprifoned. A work is publiflied under the famflion of the convention, proving that the national domains, that is, the eftates of the king, the nobles, the clergy, and the emigrants, are worth twenty milliards of livres. Deputies from the county of Mot Belliard demand its union with France. E^ght ounces each. C 86 ] The old name of Marfeilles is refhored; it had been forfeited by a decree, and was called " Sans-nom." 1 8. The Abbe Maury is promoted to the dig- nity of cardinal. Troops fent from Paris to La Vendee receive orders to travel fourteen leagues a day. 20. Thomas Payne claims proteftion of the club of Cordeliers, who return for anfwer the vote he gave on the King's trial. Monf.du ChafFault,lieut.-general of marines, an officer of great fervices and high efli* raation, is malTacred in Poitou at the age of eighty-five years. The convention, on the motion of Bar- rere, decree a political lent, in order to leave the more animal food for the fick and aged. A petition from Burgundy demands the death of young Capet. Death of Cardinal de Lomenie du Brienne, one of the earlieft promoters of the revo- lution. St. Jufl makes a motion, the obje£l of which is, to excite the people to murder and ven- geance, for 1 2 GO years of crimes which had been committed againft them. Motion by Danton for an agrarian law, 2^. Report upon La Vendee, It confifts of fixteen departments of forty fquare leagueSg C S7 J between the Loire and the fea, from Paln- boeuf to Saumur. The fifter of Mirabeau is reduced to folicit alms of the convention. March. Several feftions of Paris complain to the convention of a fcarcity of provifions. Decreed, that all the property of priefts, either b^niflied or imprifoned, be confifcated • • for the tife of the ftate. Danton makes a flaming republican fpeech to the convention. All horfes of the plough put in requifition. The number of prifoners in Paris amount to 6100. 9. The minifter of juftice propofes to inftitute a committee of infurre6i:ion, to overturn all the monarchies of Europe. The fale of the property of emigrants amounted in the year 1793 only to twenty millions of livres, not half the real value of the eftates of one emigrant alone, the Duke de Montmorency. • The number of vi«51:ims deflroyed by the guillotine or grape-fliot at Lyons, to this date, amounted to fomewhat more than five thoufand. Populus, an ex-conftituent, guillotined at Lyons. The clubs of the jacobins and cordelierg form an alliance. C 88 ] At Ncvcrs feventy-four priefls, who refute to take the oath, are guillotined. At Dijon fourteen nobles fuffer the fame fate, becaufc they ufed the titles of Count and Baron. The merchants of Bourdeaux are all arrefled on the fame day, and condemned to the guil- lotine; but are permitted to redeem their lives by paying one hundred millions of hvres, to which they are forced to fubmit. 14. Robefpierre invents a confpiracy, or pre- tended treafon, in order to fecure his autho- rity. The wife of Momoro, who" had played the part of firft goddefs of reafon, guillotined. All flrangers are baniflied from Paris. The Vendeans are beat on the left bank of the Loire by General Cordelier. The convention dates the expences of 1793 to be at the rate of four hundred millions of livres a month. 1 5. Hebert and his partizans are arrefted. The jacobins betray the cordeliers. 17. Herault de Sechelles guillotined. 21. The Emperor forbids his fubje£ls to make any payments in France. 24. The ifland of Martinico fubmits wholly to the Englifli. A fecret is laid before the convention of re- moving the impreiGon of ink from paper, and of rendering it as new. C 89 ] Wives of emigrants forbid to marry fo- reigners. Eight thoufand men fent 10 La Vendee. The revolutionary army is difbanded. Means difcovered to expel foul air, by burn- ing common fait moiflened with oil of vitriol. 30. The brother of Abbe (now Cardinal) Maury guillotiiied at Avignon. 31. Jourdan appointed commander in chief of the army of the Mofelle. Barrere exclaims againll atheifm and irre- hgious principles. ^pril 5. Damon, Camille des Moulins, Fabre d'Eg- lantine, De TAulnay, Chabot, La Croix, Philippeau, Bazire, and Julien, all voters for the King's death, delivered to the revo- lutionary tribunal, and guillotined. Danton, when a/ked his name and quality, replied, " a being now that in a few hours will be a non-entity.'* CamiUe des Moulins, being required to tell his age, replied, " the fame as the fans- culottes Jefus, 34 years." Weflerman, who fliled himfelf the con- queror of royalifts, the Abbe d'Efpagnac, and many others, are guillotined. 7. Formal entry of the Emperor into Bruffels. Decreed, that the executive council be fup- preiTed, as incompatible with republican go- vernment. [ 90 ] Chambon flates the expence, extraordinary and revolutionary, 1,600,000,000 livree. A deputation at the bar of the aflembly de- mands, that death be the order of the day. The prifoners in Paris amount to 6763. Dumas, a deputy, pretends to point out a method of knowing a counter-re vokitionifl by his phyfiognomy. St. Lucia taken by the EngHfh. g, Gobet, intruding bifhop of Paris, guillo- tined. The honours of the pantheon voted to RoufTeau. 12. The city of Oneglia taken by the French. St. Juft, in the convention, aflcs the quef- tion, " What is a King compared with a *' French citizen?" 14. The allies repulfe the French on the Lys. The daughter of Sultan Achmet III. who had fled into France, "and found refuge there during 64 years, obtains alms of the convention, viz. 600 livres, (about 25I, fterling.) J 8. Laborde, a wealthy banker, who had feveral times redeemed his life by large fums of money, is guillotined. The principal members of the parliaments of Paris,' and of Touloufe, are guillotined, i?o. The woods of Vitre and Rennes burned to diflodge the royalifts. [ 9' ] 21. .Gen. Beaulieu beats the French at Arlon. 22. Guadaloupe taken by the Englifh. The old Monf.de Malfnerbes, one of the ge- nerous defenders of Louis XVI. guillotined, 24. The allies beat the French near Cambray. 26. The Duke of York takes 2,5 pieces of can- non, and a French general; he kills 5000 men, and makes 3000 prifoners. To facilitate the fale of the lands of emi- grants, they are divided into lots of three hundred livres eachj and twenty years credit given. 28. The French feize Courtray the day of the annual fair, and get a great booty. 29. General Clairfait gains a confiderable ad- vantage, killing 3000 men, and taking fe- veral cannon. 30. Landrecy furrenders to the Emperor with a garrifon of 6000 men. In this month were executed, befides thofe mentioned already, Monfieur d'Efpremenil, . Chaumette,' procureur of the commune of Paris, Gen. Arthur Dillon, Hebert and Si- mon, deputies. Gen. Roncin, Momoro, Anarcharfis C loots, a deputy, Du BuilTon, Goutte, an intruding bifliop, Gen. BeifTer, the Marquis of Chateau Briant, the Du- chefTes of Chatelet and Grammont, the Vifcountefs de Pont-Ville, Thouret and Cha- pellier, two very active revolutionifls» C 92 3 Kofciufko puts himfelf at the head of a re-* volution in Poland. M^y I. In the prifons of Paris 22,000 perfons are confined, and in all the departments of France 653,000. The Duke de Biron, upon fentence of death being paffed upon him by the revolutionary tribunal, cried out, " I deferve it, for ha- " ving betrayed my King and ferved his " enemies.** The Count du I'Aigle, being alfo condemn- ed, faid to the people, " It is not my head, *• it is bread and your King that you ought " to demand.'* Decreed, that all royal houfes (hall be kept for the ufe and enjoyment of the people. 10. Robefpierre obtains decrees to admit the exiftence of a Supreme Being, and of the immortality of the foul ; and for the efla- blifhment of decadary feftivals. In La Vende'e, General Haxo, after the ex- ample of General Moulin, blows his brains put, to avoid being taken prifoner. All letters coming into France are opened. From the 29th of April to the 4th of May, 109 perfons are guillotined in Paris, and many more in the departments. In the valley of Aofl, 6000 French were killed by the peafants of Piedmont. E 93 I Biirrere announcec the capture of a Spanifli camp, with two hundred cannon, and two thoufand men. All the farmers-gentral are accufed in a mafs, and fent to the revolutionary tribunals. The town of Sargio and Piedmontefe camp taken by the French. 11. Seventyi^one perfons, among whom are 27 farmers-general, are guillotined. Madame Elizabeth, fifler of the late King, is carried before the revolutionary tribunal, and interrogated, " What is your name?'* " Elizabeth Philippine Marie Helene de " France.'* " Your quality?" " Aunt of *' the King." Thefe laft words are fcarcely pronounced, when the tribunal condemns her to death. 12. The next day (he is conducted to the fcaf- fold, with 25 perfons who were guillotined in her prefence ; it being direfted that {he {liould fuffer the laft. She died at the age of thirty years, and left a ch^rafter of un- blemiflied purity. Decreed, that all aged and infirm prrefls be kept in houfes belonging to the republic. Report upon mendicity. Decreed, that the convention will efface the name of beggary and poverty from the annals of the republic. The town and citadel of Baftia taken bv the Englifh. r 94 ] The commune of Sens writes to the coii« vention, that It has dug up all the bodies of the Capets that were interred in their cathedral, in order to Ixu-y them in ordinary ground. An addrefs to the French nation is prepared by Barrere, and publifhed by the conven- tion, concluding with thefe words : "Let " the Englifh flaves perifh, and let Europe " be free." 13. Revolutionary tribunals fuppreffed, except that of Parisi 14. L'Huillier kills himfelf in prifon, and Re- becqui drowns himfelf — both a£i:ive agents in the maffacres of Avignon, and of the 2d of September. 1^. Kaunitz forces the French to repafs the Sambre with the lofs of 5000 men. 18. The Duke of York, with 3500 men, is at- tacked by 15000 French, and forced to re- treat. General Beaulieu, near Bouillon, kills 3000 French, and takes 700. 22. Battle near Tournay, lads 16 hours j the French lofe 12,000 men, and the allies 3000* A French army of 10,000 men penetrates into Luxembourg. 24. Kaunitz takes 80 cannon, kills 200a French5 and takes 3000, r. 95 J lnfurre<5tion of the patriots at Liege. The Emperor quits the army, and returns to Vienna. 29. Battle of Germerflieim ; the French lofe 4C0 killed, and 600 taken prifoners. A plot to alTaffinate Robefpierre and Collot d'Herbois fails of fuccefs; the former ob- tains a raard for his perfon. "June I. The Britifli fleet under Lord Howe en- ' g^g^s the French ; the latter lofes eight fail of the line. 2. The convention decrees, that no Englifli- man or Hanoverian fliall be made pri- foner in battle — no quarter to be given, but all without referve to be put to the fword. The Duke of York communicates this bar- barous decree to his army, in a manner that does honour to a foldier and to a man. The guillotine is deflroyed by the people at St. Brieux, and the revolutionary tribunal expelled. 4. The French are routed near Charleroy with the lofs of 4000 men. The man who Hwed Collot d'Hcrbois from aiTaffination, obtains a penfion of 1500 li- vres a year. Decreed, that the members of the conven- tion, when on duty, fliall wear marks of diftin^lion. C 96 J Proclamation of the Emperor to induce all Brabant to rife in a mafs. A military fchool is inftitutcd in the plain of Sablons near Paris. Decreed, that a new grammar be publifhed, to give to the language of liberty a cha- racter that is fuitable to it. 8; Jourdan, called Coupe-tete, general of the army at Avignon, guillotined. The fon and daughter of Louis XVI. em- ployed to make llioes and fhirts for the nation. lo. General Clairfait is obliged to retreat. The French take Port-Vendre, CoUieure, aM St. Elme. 13. A feflival to the Eternal. Robefpierre a£l:s the part of Pontiff. The ceremony is de- figned to fatisfy the people, by putting an end to atheifm. The members of the convention affume the diflinftion of a plume of feathers in the hat, and a three-coloured fcarf. The French army in Maritime Flanders amounts to 170,000 ra^n. The inviolability of the members of the convention is renewed. A large convoy from America with corn arrives in France. 16. The French lofe 7000 men in an a£lion near Charleroy. [ 97 ] S Ypres furrenders to the French — this con- quefl; opens all Brabant. The numerous forces oppofed to the allies oblige them to retreat* 20. One milliard two hundred and five millions of livres in affignats, iffued. Port-au-Prince taken by the Englifli. The dreiKl of the guillotine caufes fifty , thoufand perfons to emigrate. CI. Commencement of a quarrel between Ro- befpierre and Bourdon de I'Oife, and ano- ther between Tallien and Robefpierre. Ninety-four nuns tranfported to Africa. Twenty-one members of the parliament of Toulouze guillotined at Paris. 26. Every thing in France is put in requifition, men, horfes, provifions, and all forts of pro- perty. 28. Some terrible confpiracy is fuppofed, and announced to the public in order to autho- rife new maffacres. " Paris,'* fays Barrere, " fliall be hence- *' forth the city with a hundred gates ; " each gate fhall announce fome triumph, '* or fome revolutionary epoch.*' 29. The French befiege Charleroy. The number of perfons guillotined this month is as follows. From the firfl to the ninth of June, one hundred were executed. H C 98 ] On the 9th, 22 10th, 30 iith, 33 1 2th, 8 13th, 20 From 14 to 17th 103 17 to 20th 50 On the 2 ' {1, 26 22d, 14 27th, 29 Totd ^guillotined in Paris in the month of June 483 July, Religious worfliip aboliflied at Liege, the priefts banilhed, and the churches demo- liOied. 3. Sir Gilbert Elliot receives the crown of Corfica in the name of the King of Great- Britain. Proclamation of the Stadtholder on the dan- gers which threaten Holland. A feftival of the human race at Paris — it ends with adopting poor children. The French take Mons and Oilend; 87 perfons guillotined. Newport alfo falls to the French — 130 emi- grants lliot. Tournay taken by the fame. The Britifh 7. forced to evacuate Aloft. Fifty perfons condemned to death. 8. The Auftrians quit BruiTels; the French enter it, and retake Landrecy. Spires, Mechlin, and Louvain, abandoned by the allies. Sixty perfons guillotined at Brefl. [ 99 3 Robefpierre, in an addrcfs to the convention, is heard for the iirfl: time with coolnefs. The plunder of the churches of Brabant is fent to the convention, together with two millions of livres in fpecie from Mons. 1 8. Namur opens its gates to the French. 19% Revolution at Geneva. The cofiveniion is charged in its accounts with 1 50 reams of paper a day ; — each of its decrees cods 83,000 livres; on the iirfl of April lad, 6800 decrees had been pafled by the three legiilatures. The members who compofe the committee of public fafety, at this time of havoc and univerfal terror, are Robefpierre, Couthon, Billaud Varennes, Barrere, Collot d'Her- bois, Lindet, Prieur, Carnot, and St. Juit. 26. Robefpierre denounces to the convention one hundred of its members. A party in- flantly rifes againfl: him. He is attacked by Billaud Varennes and Tallien, and thun- derftruck with the accufations againfl him. ^7. Robefpierre endeavours to kill himfelf; the wound not mortal. 28. All the following perfons are guillotined this day: Robefpierre the elder and the younger, Couthon and St. Juf!:, members of the convention; Henriot, commander in chief of the Parifian guard ; La Vallette, ■H ?. another commander; Dumas, prefident of the revolutionary tribunal; Lefcott Fleu- riot, mayor of Paris ; Payan, chief agent of the commune ; Viviers, a criminal judge, and prefident of the jacobin club; Simon, preceptor of the young Prince; upwards of eighty municipal officers; one Deputy, a commiffioner with the army, and one general officer, all partizans of Robe- fpierre. Tallien proclaims in the convention, that the day of the tyrant's death is a feflival for univerfal fraternity. From the ifl to the 19th of July were guil- lotined in Paris, in all 406 perfons. On the 20th, 34 2ift, 29 22d, 46 24th, 30 Total guillotined in July 772 Aug. I. At this time the guillotine remains unem- ployed. The convention charges fixteen committees with the management of public affairs. 2. The Spaniards are defeated. — ^The French take Fontarabia and St, Sebaftian. - Pichegru, with 1 90,000 men, is commanded to conquer Holland. [ lOI ] 3. Prince Cobourg calls upon the States of Germany to aflemble and oppofe with una- nimity the alarming mafs of French troops which is on the point of breaking in upon them. 5. The convention aboliflies Robefpierre*s fyf- tera of terror. Brufl'els %ives a civic feaft on account of its , union with France. The French enter Treves, and fummon Breda. Pelet folicits the convention for the return of order, of juflice, and of commerce. 10. The Englifli take pofleffion of Calvi, 1 1 . The ftates-general earnellly exhort the Dutch to defend themfelves. 13. A general releafe of prifoners confined in France by order of Robefpierre — they amounted to upwards of 500,000. Quefnoy retaken by the French, with 3000 men. The telegraph firft made ufe of. 15. An ambaffador from America receives the fraternal kifs. s6. L'Eclufe furrenders by capitulation to the French. Ordered, that all perfons may travel freely without palTports in the interior of the re- public. The new ambaffador from Geneva received in the convention. 29, Valenciennes furrenders; its garrifon confin- ed of 8000 men, of whom 1 100 were emi- grants. 30. Conde furrenders to the French. Freron and Tallien propofc meafares of mo- deration ; that is, a fyflem oppofite to that of terror. Sept. I. The Emperor threatens to withdraw his troops, if the circles of Germany do not fupport hirn better. The academy of arts and fciences of Paris difcovers a method of making pot-afh from the horfe-chefnut. Bois-le-Duc and Breda inundated. The convention paifes fome decrees favour- able to the emigrants. 5. Rochelle and Montfort denounce the nobles and priefts. 6. An orator of one of the electoral clubs of Paris prefents a petition, which he is unable to read. Bertier acquaints the convention that he has fet at liberty all prifoners in the North un- der 1 5 years of age. The convention receives numerous congra- tulations on the death of Robefpierre. Tallien refigns his feat as member of the committee of public fafety. C ^<=>3 1 Motion of Barrere againft bankers and flockjobbcrs. An attempt is made to affaffinate Tallien, but he efcapes with feme fevere wounds. 10. The flag of the republic of Geneva is re- ceived \nto the convention. Merlin, of Thionville, makes an animated fpeech in the convention againft the ja- cobins. The two ruling parties in the convention are, the partizans of terror, called the Moun- tain, and the Moderates. Protcfts and placarts are fluck up in all parts of Paris againft the defpotifm of the con- vention. 11. The convention decrees that all thofe fhall be fubje(fl to the laws againft emigrants, who quitted France fmce the ift of July 1789, and did not return before the 9th of May 1792.- Decreed, that the nation will pay no more falaries to minifters, or others officiating in any religious worftiip. Morion by Duhem to expel all that remains of the family of Capet from the territory of the republic. Report of Lindet on the ftate of France, in which are marked its dangers, errors, and difafters. [ 104 ] The Spaniards are forced to give np the im- portant city of Bellegard to the French at difcretion. 12. The Piedmontefe are repulfed with confi- derable lofs. 13. Great commotions at Marfcilles. 15. Ordered, that the remains of Marat be in- terred in the Pantheon. 1 6. The Britifli and Hanoverians pafs the Rhine witli feme lofs. The Duke of York retires to Nimeguen. Ceremonies eftabliflied for the obfervance of the days called " Sans-culottides,'* which are the fupplemcntary days of the repub- lican calendar. General Clairfait marches towards Cologn, and palTes the Roar. The French invefl Maeflricht, and take poffefiion of Aix-la-Chapelle, Malmedi, and Spa. Balloons are ufed by the French to make obfervations of their enemy's proceedings. Twenty-nine waggons loaded with gold and filver, to the value of 1 8,359,404 livres, are brought to Paris from Belgium. The throne of the Elector of Treves is among the fpoils. 25. A national feflival is celebrated at Paris on account of tlie evacuation of the French territory by the enemy. C 105 ] 27. Crevecceur furrenders by capitulation to the French. 30. The allies flill continue to retreat. Decreed, chat all direftories and all muni- cipal bodies of the republic fhall be purified; and all revolutionary committees reorga- nized. OSi. I. GeneralX^lairfait palTes the Rhine. Keyferflautern taken by the Pruffians. 3. Th'c French enter Juliers. The body of Roufleau transferred to the Pantheon. 4. Bommel and Bois-Ie-Duc furrender to the French. The garrifon of Nimeguen fallies, and kills 2000 French. Proclamation of the Prince of Orange, ex- horting the Dutch to refill: the enemy in a body (en malTe.) 5. Lyons permitted to refume its name — con- fifcation and mafi'acres are fufpended there. 6. The convention addreffes the French people to acquaint them that henceforward the order of the day fliall be " fevere, but not " atrocious or fanguinary juflice." Pichegru makes himfelf mafter of Cologne, Gueldres, and Cleves. French foldiers who died this campaign in the hofpitals at Lifle, amount to 47,000. The Englifli pafs the Rhine. The French enter Bonne. [ io6 J The chiefs of the royal and catholic armies in Brctagne make a folemn appeal to the French people, to incite them to rally about the flandards of religion add of the Kin?. The following contributions were levied by the French in Brabant: Livres. At Antwerp 10,000,000 Ghent 7,000,000 BruiTcls - - _ . . 5,000,000 Bruges - - . - - - 4,000,000 Mechlin 1,260,076 Lierre - - - - - - - 500.000 Oudenarde ----- 500,000 Ipres ------ ijOOOjOoo Aloft ------ 4,000,000 Oftend ----- 2,000,000 Courtray 3,000,000 Ath 150,000 Mens 1,640,875 Louvain ----- 2,000,000 Namur - - - - . 5,000,000 Huy 126,171 Total 51,177,122 52. The Ruffians entirely defeat the Poles under Kofciuiko, and take Warfaw. The French take Worms j and pafs the Rhine. C 107 ] 20. The Britifh and Dutch defeated on the banks of the Meufe. 25. The French take Coblentz and Venloo. Six thoufand young women put in requifi- tion in Brabant to attend the hofpitals. The ftates of Holland openly abandon the interefts of the Stadtholder. Great niimbers of emigrants fliot at Ipres.^ Neuport, and TEclufe. Freron, the journalift, attacks furioufly in the convention the remains of Robefpierre'3 party. Proclamation by General Walhington to check the buds of rebellion in America. Afli gnats burned to the 30th of September laft, amounted to 2,367,000,000 livres. All public ordinances by the reprefentatives of the people begin in this form, " The *' thunder of God : in the name of the re- *' prefentatives of the people, it is com- ** manded under pain of death, &c." Addrefs from the court of Madrid to flimu* late the Spanifli nation againft the French. Motion by Baraillon to imprifon all thofc who have had national property conveyed to them under its value, and thofe who have laid wafte the lands and houfes of emigrants and of condemned pcrfons; and all thofe who have mifapplicd public money. Decree to abolifh the jacobin club. [ io8 ] Nov. 4. Rhinfeld furrenders at difcretion 5 Maef- tricht by capitulatioiiw Nimeguen furrenders. French coramilTaries proclaim liberty at Mar- linico. Billaud Varennes endeavours in vain to re- vive the jacobins. The convention offers full pardon to the rebels of La Vendee v^ho M^ill lay down their arms and ferve the republic. Guadeloupe is retaken by the French. Cambon reports that affignats in circulation amount to 6,400,000,000 of livres, and the expenceof the prefentyear to 2,200,000,000 livres. AddrelTes of congratulation from all parts on the overthrow of the jacobins. 17. The Spaniards defeated by the French. Republican General Dugommier killed. 20. The Spaniards again defeated — three ge- nerals taken. St. Fernard, Figueras, and Afpaetta, fur- render. , ^o. Grave furrenders to the French. Carrier and his bloody accomplices decreed to be in a (late of accufation. Decreed, that all emigrants be for ever ba- nifned from the republic, their property coniifcated, and their return punifhed with death. I 109 ] ^ec. I. The French make feveral unfucccfsful at- tempts on the fide of Mayence, but are re- pulfed with iofs. 7. Ten members of the revoluiionary com- mittee of Paris, convifted of peculation and abufe of power, are condemned to twenty years imprifonment, and to (land fix hours in the pillory at the Place de Greve, the place of common executions. The municipality of Nantes forbid all per- fons to drink the water of the river Loire, on account of the Infection from the dead bodies which were victims of Carrier's cruelty. 8. The feventy-one members who had been profcribed by Robefpierre refume their feats in the convention. 11. The French pafs the Waal, attack the Ha- noverians, and retire. 12. Utrecht taken by the French. 19. The Dutch fend commilTaries to Paris to treat of peace. 25. The Auftrians retire acrofs the Rhine. The French pafs the Meufe, having taken fort St. Andre. The Dutch regiments of Ho- henloe and Bentinck lay down their arms. 26, The Englifti quit Bommel, abandoning their artillery. The law which forbad quarters to the En- pliih and Hanoverians is repealed. 3^ C 11^ ] Clundcil furrendcrs to the French. Loizeroles fubmits to be imprifoned and to be put to death in the (lead of his fon. 50. The decree of Robefpierre revoked, which condemned thofe to death who had connec- tion with nobles or clergy. All his laws decreed to be reviewed, and a plan propofed of forgiving all revolutionary crimes. The French take 1 20 pieces of cannon, and 1600 prifoners. A great fire in the arfenal of Landau. Penfions decreed to men of letters. Upon a motion by Clauzel, a profecution Is decreed againfl all the accomplices of Robefpierre, who is called " the butcher of " the French people.'* The Britifli parliament votes almofl: unani- moudy for the profecution of the war. Carrier fuffers on the fcaiFold for all his atrocities. 1795- yan. I. The falary of members of tlie convention raifed from 18 to 36 livres a day. " Keep " your 36 livres, (faid fome perfons on this " fubjefl) but let us have a Louis." The people of Lyons drag about the ilreets the bull of Marat, Challier, and Pelletier dc St.Fargeau, who had but lately been objefts of their idolatry. C III ] A woman appears at the bar of the con- vention, furniihed with fcythes, by means of which it was ftated that a woman and child could mow five acres in a day. Ho- nourable mention! Decreed, that the fovereignty of the people is inalienable, and that they have a right to chufc any form of government except royalty. 3. The French are diflodged from their po/i- tion at Wardenberg by the Engliih and Auflrians. The French attack the Britilh rear-gnard. 9. The whole Britilh army paiTes the R.hineo 10. The French army paffes the Waal in diife" rent points at the fame time on the ice, and takes pofTelTion of Thiel. All the rivera of Holland and the Low Countries are frozen over fo as to bear the heaviefl weights, and favour the operations of the French ex- tremely. Cambon dates the number of livres in cir- culation in the form of affignats to amount to 9.6005000,000; and he propofes a lot-^ tery to reduce the number to four milliards (each one thoufand million.) - Mercier makes a bold fpecch in the conven- tion againft the abolition of religious wor- iliip. C "2 ] 14. The French attack the Britifli along their whole line from Arnheim to Amerongen. The Prince of Orange and his fon refolve to quit the Hague. The dates of Holland agree with the French to deliver up their country to them. The fleet of Holland is locked up by the ice, and fhares the fate of the country. An impofition of one million of livres in fpecie is laid upon Liege, and a thoufand livres a day for every day's delay. Hoftages are fent from Liege to Paris. II. Utrecht fummoned and taken without op- pofition. Wurcum, Dorcum, and Dort, taken. 18. Pichegru fends detachments to take pof- feiTion of Leyden, Amfterdam, and the Hague. The Princefs of Orange and her daughter- in-law depart for England. Tallien moves in the convention to put to death all the partizans of the fyftem of ter- ror which covered France with baftilles and fcaffolds. Breda, Bergen-op-Zoom, Gertruydenberg, and Williamfladt, open their gates to the French, upon hearing that Holland was given up. 27. The French generals require that within the fpace of one month Holland Ihall fupply C "3 ] them with 200,000 quintals* of flour, 1,000,000 of rations of hay, 200,000 ra- tions of draw, 1,000,000 bulhels of wheat, 150,000 pair of fhoes, 200,000 fhirts, 20,000 pair of boots, 20,000 coats and waiftcoats, 30,000 pair of breeches, 1 50,000 pantaloons, 50,000 hats, and 12,000 oxen. 28. Duhem ^s ordered to the Abbaye prifon, for faying that ariftocracy and royal ifm were triumphant. He is refufed admittance, there being no room. 31. Report on the finances ftates that the ex- pences of the laft month exceeded the re- ceipt by 218,779,475 livres. Dubois Crance, on the (late of the republic, reports, that eleven hundred thoufand men are under arms. 'eb. 2. A (hip is laid on the flocks at Brefl called " the Avenger of the Country,'* intended to carry 136 guns; 24 feet longer, and 3 feet wider, than any ever built. The aflembly of the provifionary reprefen- tatives of the United Provinces acknow- ledges the rights of man and the fovereignty of the people, difmiifes the dates-general, abolifhes the office of ftadtholder, fupprefles the regency of the Hague, and appoints a new committee of the India company. • loolbs. each. C "4 ] A deputation from the people of colour thanks the convention for liberty granted to the negroes. Difturbances at Rouen, and other great cities. Four preiles of falfe affignats feized at Paris. Ordered, that deputies be fent to the colo- nies beyond the Cape of Good-Hope. 4. Gouly harangues the convention to inflame it againft England, which has ulurped, as he faid, a tyrannic dominion over the fea. Petitioners appear at the bar, demanding bread. Zealand capitulates. The republic of Bafle acknowledges the French republic. A decree upon religious worlliip, which feems to allow it more liberty than of late. Rovere in full convention charges Syeyes with having been an inftrument and coun- fellor of Robefpierre. 8. Tumults at the theatres in Paris. 9. The fedlions of Paris demand the trial of Barrere, of Colloc dTierbois, and BlUaud Varennes. 10. The convention ratifies a treaty of peace with Tufcany. The adminiftration of Belgium addrefles the convention, defiring an union with France. C "5 ] II. Barrere, Collot d'Herbois, and Billaud Va^ rennes, decreed to be under arreft. Antwerp informs the convention that 40,000 Belgians are ready to join the army of the republic, and give the laft blow to the im- pious coalition of crowned tyrants. The convention appoints to the command of its ejght armies Pichegru as commander in chief, Jourdan, Moreau, Kellerman, Sharer, Moncey, Clancaux, and Hoche, 14. Deputies are nominated for the Eaft-Indies. 16. The Dutch announce that they have begun the great v;ork of their regeneration. 17. Decreed, that all letters belonging to Ro- befpierre be printed. 19. Sufpenilon of arms between the royalifts of La Vendee and the republicans. Aflallinations at Avignon. 23. Conferences between Charette and the com-, miffioners of the convention. The French bombard Luxemburg. Emigrants enrolled in London for an expe* dition to the coaft of France. The liberty granted to the prefs gives pub- lic writers an opportunity of exprefling their fentiments boldly of the convention, and of the revolution. 27. Charette, Stofflet, and their officers, dine with the French commifTioners. I 3 C ii6 ] 28. Charcttc joyoufly rectivedj^at Nantes. • Cambon ftates that the expences of this month exceed the revenue by 443,164,974 livres. March i. A reward Is offered for defhroying wolves. 4. Carnot prefents the following defcription of the lait campaign, viz. 27 viftories, of which, 8 were pitched battles. 1 20 anions of fmaller importance. 88,000 enemies killed, and 91,000 made prifoners. 116 places or llrong cities taken, of which 36 were by feige or blockade; 230 forts or redoubts; 800 pieces of cannon, 70,000 mufkets, 1 ,900,000 pounds of powder, and 90 flands of colours, taken by the republic. Viftory of Admiral Hotham in the Medi- terranean. Commotions in Paris for want of provifions. Eleven perfons malTacred at Toulon. Infurreftion at Bourdeaux. The convention has many debates about Barrere and his affociates. The Dutch are required to give up to the French republic all the coined money in their poffeiTion'. Rouzet tells the convention it is time that France fliould refume her rank among_ ci- vilized nations. 5. A committee is appointed to prepare a con- ftitution (the third in five years.) C "7 ] Bourfault reports that the war in La Vendee is extlnguiilied, but that another had broken out, called that of the Chouans. Le Sage denounces the wind which blew down the flag from the convention-hall. Decreed, that the 7 1 deputies profcribed by Robefpierre refume their places. 14. The trtaty of peace with the Vendeans read in the convention, except the fecret ar- ticles. Boifly d'Anglas harangues upon the atro- cities in France, which he attributes to roy- alifls. 17. A committee is appointed to treat with fo- reign powers. Carletti is received as ambaffador from the Grand Duke of Tufcany. April I, Tumults in Paris for bread and a conftitu- tion, 2, Tumults continued at Paris and Amiens. Barrere, Collot d'Herbois, Vadier, and Bil- laud Varennes, condemned to be tranfported to Guyana. 4. Tumults continue. 5. The King of Pruffia makes peace with the republic. Motion made to difcredit the republican ca- lendar as an a£l: of defpotifm worthy of Ro- befpierre, Fails of fuccefs. "N C ..8 ] The convention takes a guard of » 554 life- guard men, and fixty of the artillery. The newfpapers of Paris fpeak of the con- vention with great boldnefs. To quiet the people, it is given out that corn IS coming in from all quarters. Admiral Renaudin receives orders to put to fea. Baron de Stael is fent as ambalTador from the King of Sweden to engage in friendfliip and alliance with the convention. Rhull ventures to pronounce in the conven- tion an eulogy on the old monarchy. The deficit in the laft month amounts to 660,000,000 livres. Difcourfe of Thibadeau to inflame repub- licanifm. Several communes petition for their former churches and woriliip ; the convention paffes to the order of the day. Fortier, compiler of the paper called " The *' Political Correfpondence," imprifoned for faying " that if all the monflers who *' murdered Louis XVI. were dead, not a *' Frenchman would flied a tear over the " tomb of any one of them,** Sylvcrfter, from the tribune, affures the French people that notwithftanding the fear- city there is no danger of ftarving. [ 1^9 ] Cambon, who had been treafurer three years and a half, arrefted. The convention grants to the Duchefs of Bourbon relief to the amount of 18,000 livres ; about 70I. according to the value of allignats. Credit appears to revive; 270 livres in afiig- nats for;the louis. Patroles are doubled in Paris ; much appre- henfion is entertained. 19. The convention announces peace with the Ghouans. May I . Decrees fevere againfl emigrants. Preliminary articles figned between France and Holland. Seventy perfons maffacred in a tumult at Lyons. On the motion of Dubois Crance, decreed, that three milliards of alTignats be iflued. 5. The Spaniards defeated near Figueras. Motion to permit a lofs of two per cent, a month on aiTignats. Vernier, fuccelTor to Cambon, dates the ex- pence of the laft campaign at 3,000,000,000 • in alTignats; and the laft month at 738 millions. 1-5, An alliance oftenfive and defenfive con- cluded at the Hague between France and Holland; the firft article excludes the Stadt- h older for ever; the fecond alTures to [ I20 ] France one million of jivres for the expencc of the war. A vigorous a£tion near Mayence. Great agitation at Naples; feveral diflurbers of the peace imprifoned. A deputy complains earneflly againfl the facility with which divorces are obtained. The Sardinians defeated near Mount St, Bernard. Decreed, that Le Bon be brought to trial, charged with cruelties equal to Carrier's. Twenty members of the revolutionary tri- bunal guillotined. 20. An alarming infurreftion of the people of Paris againfl: the convention; Ferrand, a deputy, is mnifacred at the feet of the pre- 21. fident; the airajGTm of Ferrand is condemned §2. to death, but is refcued by the people ; the 23. fuburb St. Antoine marches againfl: the con- vention, which is in extreme danger and 24. alarm; divifions take place among the in- furgents, and they lofe their force at once. After having had the advantage fome time, the terrorifl:s are overcome by the mode- rates. The convention refumes its deliberations, difarms the fauxbourgs, decrees the arrefl: of a great number of its own members, and orders the immediate execution of fifty of the chiefs of the infurre6lion. Decreed, that Barrere*s tranfpcrtation be fufpcnded, and that he be tried again, his fentence being too mild. The terrorifts rife at Toulon, as at Paris, and are fubdued with much difficulty and bloodflied. 25. The Chouans, feeing themfelves betrayed and deceived by a phantom of a treaty . . which had been held out to them as fecure and permanent, again take up arms. 28. Rhull blows his brains out. A petition is prefented to the convention demanding a fcparation of the fupreme powers, as the only means of guarding againft tyranny. The Spaniards are again defeated by Kel- lerman. A camp of 3000 men, chiefly cavalry, formed at the Tuilleries. A proclamation of the convention to French, feamen concludes thus, " War, eternal war, " againft the Englifti." Lanjuinais obtains a decree for freedom of religious worlhip. 31. Decreed, that the revolutionary tribunals, created May 13, 1793, be fupprefTed* Ordered, that the tribunals profecute the authors and accomplices of the raaffacres of Sept. 2, 1792. [ 122 ] The convention, afraid that Barrere's trial fliould take up too much time, decrees that he be tranfported to Africa. Among the papers of the jacobins is found an order of the old committee of public fafety to pay 100,000 livrcs for printing the correfpondence of that fociety. A journalifl in Paris ventures to write thus : " Legillators, do not exhaufl your (Irength " and genius in dif:overing that which has " been done before your time; give us the " befl: government you can; confider that ** the people of France were the happiefl " and the longed fo of any people; give *' us the laws we have been ufed to.'* 'June I. The commune of Valenciennes deliberates in a full alfembly whether it Ihould continue to acknowlege the convention ; or whether it fliould not arreft the reprefentative Lamar. 5. Dutch ambafladors are received in the con- vention, and the treaty of alliance between the republics ratified. 6. The Vendeans declare that the treaty with them is fliamefuUy evaded ; and they again take up arms. Their brave leader Charette publiflies a manifefto. Decreed, that the property of thofe con- demned or executed fuice the eftablifliment i 123 ] of the revolutionary tribunals (Hall be tc- flored to their families; except thofe of Louis Capet, and his wife, of Philip Ega- lite, and Madame du Barre. Decree to apply the palace of Verfailles to national ufes. Affignats burned to this month amount to 2,623,^0,000 livres. 7. The fortrefs of Luxemburg, almofl impreg- nable, furrenders to the French from want of provifions. 8. Louis Charles, the defcendant of 60 Kings, the fon of Louis XVL whom the royalifls acknowledged as King fmce the 2ifl: of Jan. 1793, under the name of Louis XVIL in the eleventh year of his age, finiihed his un- happy life and vain reign in the prifon of the Temple, where he had been confined near three years without communication with any friend. Hiftory alone will here- after inftru(ft the world whether or not he died a natural death, as the convention took great pains to have it believed. II. Decree in favour of thofe whom the ty- ranny of Robcfpierre caufed to fly from the kingdom. A motion is well received to declare the produce of the next harveft public pro- perty. [ 124 J General Santerre, long detained in prifon, and releafed at the death of Robefpierre, is again denounced. Propofed " to change the odious name of " revolutionary committee, and to fupprefs *' the infamous red bonnet, as being only " the fymbol of blood.** 14. Tiie republicans receive a fevere check at Grand-Champ from the royalifts. The lavtr repealed which forbad the wives and daughters of emigrants to marry fo- reigners. The republicans charge the royalifts with violating the late treaty. The latter retort the charge. The republicans claim the vidory of the 14th ult. The nephew of General Dubois writes a letter full of inveftive and gall againft the convention. All forts of paftry forbidden, on account of the fcarcity of corn. The decree which declares all affignats, bearing the King's buft, to be of no value in future, takes away from private property one milliard, 66^ millions, and 157 thou- fand livres. The expence for public inftru^tion amounts to 300,400,000 livres. C 1^5 ] 20. Romme, Goujon, Duquefnoy, Soubrany, Duroy, and Bourbotte, members of the con- vention, and aftive leaders in the late riots, are executed. 23. BoilTy d'Anglas reads a new conflitution, which the convention propofes to read ar- ticle by article. Infurre^ion at Arras for bread. The convention orders a fchool of 200 ap- prentices to watch-making. 26. Bellifle is fummoned by the Englifh, and re- turns a refolute anfwer of defiance. A complete vi^lory obtained over the Spa- niards. 27. The emigrants in England are put under the orders of Puiffaye, and difembark at Quiberon. The deputies PeylTard and Forreftier con- demned to prifon. Prieur de la Mame and Albitte efcape judgment by flight. The value of a louis-d'or is up to 1000 livres. All citizens from 16 to 60 commanded to ferve in the national guard ; and in their oath to fwear thefe words, " Hatred againfl " Kings." Decreed, that murders, which were to be puniflied with 20 years imprifonment, {hall in future be punilhed with death. C 126 ] A member propofes that the convention (hould look back and punifli all judiciary alTafTmations, abufes of authority, malTacres, and arbitrary a(5ls committed fmce the ifl of Sept. 1792. The convention paiTes to the order of the day, faying, that fuch re- trofpe6l would involve half of France. All the members of the revolutionary com- mittee of Breft are delivered over to the tribunals. The Vendeans have farther fuccefles. Frefh maffacres are committed at Magon, A feftion of Paris demands of the conven- tion that it fliould efface the infcriptions on the gates of churches, by which the nation, at the inftance of Robefpierre, granted a certificate of exiflence to the Supreme Being, and infured immortality to the foul. The churches in Paris are opened, and fer- vice performed with great ceremony. 22. Lord Bridport engages the French fleet, and takes three fail of the line. 30. The convention decrees that the daughter of the late King fliall be given up to the Emperor, in exchange for the commiflioners whom Dumourier had put into the hands of the Auflrians. *July I . The powers of the adminidratlve bodies at Lyons are fufpended, and the mayor ordered to the bar of the convention. [ 127 ] • The " Reveil du Peuple,** (awakening of the people) a new fong againfl the terrorifts, is m great vogue. Lanjuinals propofes to fupprefs the publi- cation of the votes of the convention, which colls the nation 2,300,000 livres annually. Report of GeniiTieu in favour of tranfported priefts.^ Tallien and Blad, members of the conven- tion, ordered to repair inriantly as repre- fentatives to the department of La Vendee. 2. Le Bon, pale and trembling, enters the con- vention, and begins his defence: "His crimes *' (he obferves) are thofc of the convention " itfclf, under whofe orders he a£led.'* 3. Horrid maiTacres in the Southern provinces. Various fkirmifhes between the French and Auftrians reported. Bread 1 6 livres a pound in Paris. Bloody aftion at Chatillon between the Chouans and republicans. The convention decree* that France is a republic, one and indivifible. 6. Le Bon continues his defence. BrefTon alfcrts that it is impolTible to make France a democratic republic; he votes for a fen;ite, an executive power, and cenfors. A member complains that the rights of man only, and not the duties of man, are fubjefts of c/.'jfideration. C '28 ] 14. Annivcrfary of the French revolution cele- brated, Proje£l of a national tontine. A loan of a milliard at three per cent. Lanthenas reads a motion from Thomas Paine, he not being able to fpeak French. Monf. d'Hervilly Is wounded near Aurai. Warm aftion between the republicans and Chouans near L'Orient. Le Bon proceeds with his defence. Diforders at St. Malo; and at Lyons. 15. The royalifts attack the camp of St. Barb; forced to retreat. x6. The Spaniards again defeated. 17. Le Bon decreed to be in a flatc of accufa- tion. Report of a complete overthrow of a Spa* nifli army. Tumults at the theatres. . France contains 28,000 fquare leagues of 2280 toifes. Each league contains 3,850. acres (arpents) which make 105,400,000 acres. Valuing the acres one with another at 1 50 livres each, the total value of the lands would be 15,810,000,000. The debts of the republic at this time are 17,500,000,000, and thefe are fecured by the lands ; there is a deficit therefore of 1,690,000,000. C 129 ] 20. The regiment of Hervilly murders its of- ficers, and 800 of them defert, giving the word of order to the republican general. The emigrants at Quiberon, being betrayed to General Hoche, a general attack is made on them, and almoft all are cut to pieces. The brave Count Sombreuil, after diftin- guiihed *proofs of generous gallantry, is ta- . , ken prifoner. The prifoners are ordered to Vannes, with General Sombreuil, the biftiop of Dol, and other confiderable perfons. Tallien, in his reports to the convention, ftates the lofs of the royalifts at 10,000 men, and that of the republicans as trifling; his whole report appears extravagant. Another vi6lory over the Spaniards is gained by the republicans. Peace is concluded with Spain. Frefli, but unfuccefsful, attempts are made to induce the convention to give up the re- publican calendar. 23. Ordered, that the committee of legiflation make a report upon all the laws relative to divorce. 28. Read in the convention the treaty concluded at Bafle between France and Spain. The convention decrees two feftivals, one in honour of the fall of Robefpierre, the other of the i oth of Augufl. K [ i3<^ J 30. Moiif. Querini, aiiibalLidor from Venice, arrives' at Paris. Report of another vidlory obtained over the Spaniards the 17th of this month. A plot difcovered at Rome to open the pri- fons, to put to death the principal perfons of the government, and burn the houfes of the cardinals. A proclamation from Louis XVIII. to all his fubjecls, dated Verona. The chiefs of the royaliil army folicit fuc- cours from the Britiila government. Jug, I. Motion by La Riviere " to purfue with na- tional juftice all execrable terrorifts.'* Comartin, Jarry, Boifgontier, and eight chiefs of the Chouans, contrary to the faith of the treaty, are feized and brought up to Paris. 2. The convention ratifies the peace with Spain. The laws of divorce fufpended. All the departments make great complaints . to the convention of a fcarcity. 3. The eight chiefs of the Chouans, Comartin, Jarry, Gazel, la Nourraye, Salignac, Du- four, Boifgontier, and de la Haye, delivered to the military tribunal, Diforders at St. Omer's. The workmen at the wharfs at Paris refufc to work without two hundred livres a day wages. C '3' ] 4. Boudin moves to put an end to the revo* lution.' 6. The colonies decreed a part of the French empire. 8. Journahfts denounced ; feveral deputies ar- reted, among whom is Lequinis. More deputies denounced j Dupin, Piori, Po, Maffieu, Chaudron, Rouffeau, Fourche, . . and la Planche, decreed in a ftate of accu- fation. The Count Sombreuil, the Biihop of Dol, and 600 emigrants, condemned by the tri- bui\al of Vannes to be (hot. 13. In the prifons of Paris 4413 perfons are confined. Nantes in great diftrefs. The convention difcufles the fubjeft of a conflitution, -A deputation from Belgium demands to be united mih. the French republic. 16. Treaty of friendiliip between the French nation and the regency of Tunis, The convention decrees a new conflitution. The King of Spain ratifies the treaty of peace with France. The convention annuls all revolutionary fentences pafTed fmce March 13th, 1793, except thofe of the tribunals of Paris. The emigrants not comprized in the ex- ceptions are for ever profcribed, K 2 21. The convention decrees that two- thirds of the fucceeding legiflature fliall be chofen out of the prefent convention. Violent declamation of Tallien againft emi- grants atid royal ifts. Ail ckbs or -popular focieties are by the decree of the convention aboliflied. Thfe Coiim d'Artois lands in England on his way to, and with the defign' of forming a junflion with, Charette. A new rtiode of preferving com difcovered by a phyfician of Montpelier. 22. Tumults in the theatres of Paris. The convention brings large bodies of troops into Paris. Boiffy d'Anglas, ^^refenting a pifture of France triumphant on all fides, and forcing Kings to court its friendlhip and alliance, befeeches the convention to dillinf^uifh the laft moments of its exiftence by afts of be- neficence, healing all wounds, drying up teai-s, and repairing by the force of juftice thofe evils v/hich tyrants had brought upon the World. 24. Lyons is denounced as attached to royalty. 25. -The conflitution is declared to be perfefted. The ' word Sans-Culotides is excluded from the calendar. 28. The region of Mail complains that the ca- pital is lilled wiih troops. C 133 J Treaty of peace between the Landgrave of Heffe-CalTel and France. Several fe(Slions complain of the number of troops in Paris, and of the election of two- thirds of the prefent convention into the next legiflature. General Montefquieu, and the ex-conftituent Talleyi^nd Perigord, recalled by a decree into France. 30. Much difcontent in Paris; the fcctions make confiderable movements; every thing feems to forebode an explofion. 31. The conflitution is laid before the people for their acceptance, and approved of in ge- neral; but the eleftion of two-thirds dif- liked. Sept. I. Decreed, that the property of tranfported priefts, which had been confifcated by former Jaws, fliall be redored to their families. Decreed, that no minifter may officiate in public or private without having fubmitted' to the laws of the republic. Decreed, that Louife Marie Adelaide de Bourbon Penthievre, wife of Philip Egalite, ^ be rcflored to liberty. 6. DuiTeldorff taken by the French; the army of the Sambre and the Meufe paiTes the Rhine under General Jourdan, The feftion of the French theatre denounces the members of the deputation of Paris to [ '34 ] the convention, as authors of the crimes of the 2d of Sept. 1792, and 31ft May 1794. Decreed, that the relations of emigrants be excluded from every employment admini- ftrative or judiciary. Of fix thoufand three hundred and thirty- feven primary aflemblies, containing 958,226 perfons, 914,800 voted for accepting the conftitution, 41,892 rejefted it, (fo the con- vention reports ;) confequently it was de- creed, that the new conftitution is become a fundamental law of the ftate. As to the re-ele6tion of the two-thirds — of 270,338 voters, 167,757 voted for the re- election, and 95,373 againft it. The convention declares the enlargement from prifon of all terrorifts who had been imprifoned fmce the death of Robefpierre. The committee of marine writes thus to the convention : " We are going to prepare " arms in our arfenals and forges againft " the moft perfidious of our enemies, againft " the haughty England, which muft fall " under the efforts of a nation which has " fubdued the reft of Europe." 20. The army of Pichegru having paffed the Rhine near Manheim, this city furrenders itfelf to the French by capitulation, of which one of the articles is, that the Palatinate fliall be confidered a neutral country. r ^35 ] The convention addrelTes the Parilians, to inform them that if any attack be made upon the national reprefentatives, the con- vention will remove to Chalons-fur-Maire. The convention, which never had fo much apprehenfion for its fafety, ordered the re- publican columns to march to its defence. Decreed, that every member of the conven- tion fliall make a declaration of his fortune before, and fmce the revolution. Joubert, reprefentative of the people, writes to the convention, that the French, fmce their palTage of the Rhine, have taken 371 pieces of cannon, 331,000 pounds of pow- der, and other ftores. Decreed, that Belgium and all the countries which are, or (liall be, conquered from the Houfe of Auftria, fliall be incorporated with the French republic. The fe(5lion of Le Pelletier writes fevere truths to the convention. The falaries fettled by the conftitution upon the 750 members of the next legiflature, amount to 174 millions of livres a year. The falary of the five members of the executive diredlory amounts to 20,400,000 livres. According to the new organization, Bel- gium and the county of Liege form nine departments, of which, ths chief towns are Bruges, Ghent, Antwerp, BrufTels, Liege, [^36] Maeflricht, Mou's, Namur, and Luxem- burg. A funeral ceremony in honour of the victims of decemviral tyranny. A famous refolution of 33 fcftions of Paris is the caufe of a terrible explofion hereafter. Proclamation of the convention on the danger which threatens. An afflicling pifture given of the Hate of the Southern provinces of France, by a re- prefentative of the people who was an eye witnefs of it. The primary and permanent affemblies of Paris demand of the convention the re-im- prifonment of the terrorifts, and enquiry into the condufl: of the committees of go- vernment. Oct. 5. An extraordinary fermentation agitates all Paris. A civil war is ready to break out. The clafhing of arms, the general beating of drums, and the cannon, are heard on all fides. Several bloody engagements take place between the fe£tions and convention- alifts. Two thoufand dead bodies lie in , the ftreets. The party of the convention, by the aid of the troops of the line and of a formidable artillery, defeats the in- fur f^ents. Execution and profcription of the chiefs and movers oi the infurre(5lion. C 137 3 Talllen renews Kis motion to tranfport all thofe who did not like a republican govern- ment. The Count d'Artois, under convoy of Sir John Warren, takes poffeiTion of Tlfle DIeu. A French fquadron of fix fail of the line falls in with a valuable Britilh convoy from the Mei^iterranean, and captures the Cen- feur, a 74 gun lliip, and feveral merchant- men. Vernier, the organ of the committee of finances, propofcs to fubftitute money made of fome metal in the place of 18 milliards of affignats in circulation. The inhabitants of Verfailles fupplicate the convention to take into confideration the fad flate of their commune. A horrible pidure is laid before the con- "vention of malTacres in the South; the banks of the Rhone and of the Durance are faid to be covered with dead carcafes, upon which the dogs are feeding. Garnier de Saintes addreffes from the tri- bune the royalifts of France. " Infects, *' (fays he) return to your nothingnefs; ye " fliall perifli, whilfl: we fliall be mailers of " the world, with which we will fliare our *' fortune and our liberty.'* Tallien prophefies, that before three months a counter-revolution will be efFe> Confinement or deportation Confinement or banifliment O O OG Baudran Real Genevois Charrel Amar Geniflieu Servonat 8. ISERE. (Grenoble.) Death " I have no doubt but that " if the people were con- " fulted, they v^ould choofe " the mildefl punifhment. I " therefore muft in confe- 68 ] Le Jeune Plaichard- chottiere " The law of death not be- " ing applicable to the cafe " before us, I abftain from *' pronouncing judgment of " death." . Perpetual confinement — O O 23- LE MEURTHE. (Nancy.) Malarme Levaffeur Bonneval Salle Molveau Death Death Death t t - - t " My opponents have faid, "Do not appeal to the peo- *' pie, becaufe the people " would not vote for death; " but for my part I wifh not " to vote, but as the people « would do." O P G " Convinced that the day, on '* which the head of Louis ^^ fhouid fall, would proba- " bly be that of the eflablifli- C >69 ] Lalande Zanglacomi Michel " ment of a new tyranny ; " and apprehenfive that his " death would be for France, " what that of Charles I. ** was for England, I give my *' opinion for confinement or " banifliment." Ccnfinement and banifliment Confinement and banifliment Confinement and banifliment O O o o 24. LA MEUSE. Pons Moreau Rouffel Baroche a C( (Verdun.) Death f The fafety of the fl:ate does not appear to me to re- " quire the death of Louis; " I am for banifliment.'* O " Far from being dangerous, *' I think it found policy to " let Louis live/' — O " The judiciary power being " no part of my commiflion, " I vote for coiifinement." O [ 170 ] Harmand Marquis Tocquot Humbert " I cannot bring the punifli- " ment from the penal code, " lince ycu have difcarded " :.ll the forms of it. I am " therefore for baniftiment." " I am for provilional confine- (C ment. Confinement and bariifliment Confinement and banilhment O O o o Lequinio Audrein Le Hardy 25- MORBIHAN. (Vannes.) Death Death - t — t a Farewell to the liberty of " my country, if we are to " be every thing at once. " No: we are not judges. *' The death of Kings has never been falutary to li- berty. If the convention " were to judge, I fhould " wifh to fee at leafl fixty of " its members excluded. I '* am for confiriement." — O G cc II C 171 3 Corbel GlUet Le Mailland Michel Rouault " A meafure of fafety is pre- " ferable to a rigorous appli- " cation of the law. I there- " fore vote for proviiional " confinement." O " Inacceffible to fear, I aflert " that capital punifhment is '•' ufelefs and dangerous. Per- " petual confinement." — O M Confinement and banilhment O Confinement and baniflnnent O Confinement O I 26. LAMOSELLE. (Metz.) Anthoine Death Bar Death Nentz Death Thirion Death Becker " Neii -t - 1 — II - tl " Neither the menaces with " which this tribune has re- *' founded, nor thofe puerile " fears, with which people " have fought to fill us, lliall [ 172 ] " make me aft contraiy to •' my fentiments, which is " for confinement and banifti- « ment." O Merlin Confinement — O Couturier Abfent on commifTion — a Blaux Sauftrauk Damrobe Le Fiot Guih-ault Legendre La Planche Jourdan 27. LA NIEVRE. (Nevers.) Death — — f Death — t Death ^- — f Death time Death Death *' The ptmifhment of death " is contrary to my princi- " pies. I cannot put a fel- " low-creature to death." O G with difcuffion as to — D - t ~ t • • C ^72> 3 Merlin Duhem Cochet Fockedey Senault Carpentier Pryefe Sallengros Poukier Aouft GolTuin 28. NORD. (DoUAY.) Qeath Death t tl Death, with difculTioii as to time — D Confinement O Death f P Death — fP Death — — . f Death — — f Death, with difculTion as to time. '— D G Death — i G Abfent upon commiffion a Couppe Calon 29. OISE. (Beauvais.) Death — Death — — - t C >74 ] Ifore Death — — t Ch. Villettc Confinement and banifhment OM Delaware Confinement or banifliment 01 Maffieu, Death -< tP eveque intrus Cloots Baron- Pruffien Ti,3oi-Ti tG Portier Death, with refpite — D Bezare Death — — t Bourdon Death — — tP Godcfroy Abfent upon commiiTion a 3°- L'ORNE. (ALEN90N.) Valaze Death — — fG La Hofdiniere Death — — t Defrouais Death -r~ — t Dubois Death — — t Beaupre Death, with refpite — D Colombel Death — — t Thomas " If the enemy invade our " territories, I vote for death; " otherwife for detention. Dugue " Having never been able to d'affey " fatisfy myfelf that I could [ >75 ] *' be both legiilator and judge " at once, I vote for deten- " tion/' — O I Fourney " The conflltution has not inflifted the punifhment of death upon Kings who may " be guiky of confpiracy. ".I am therefore for confine- *' ment and banifliment." — O " n 6i 3^- DEPARTMENT DE PARIS. Robefpierre " The tyrant has deferved I'aine, " death. I vote for death." f G Avocat d* Arras Danton, avt. " I vote for death" — t G Collot d'Her- Death. — — t B bois, comedian Billaud Va- Death — -- t B rennes Cam. Defmou- Death — — t ^^ \'ms,j6urna/i/^e Marat, Jour- Death — — f A 7ialijie La Vicomterie Death — — ] \ Legendre, Death — — ^ f butcher C '75 ] Raflron Pan is Serjeant Robert Freron Beauvais Fabre d'Eg- lantine, jour- nalifte Offclin Robefpierre le jeune David, ariijle Boucher Laignelot Thomas Manuel Duffault ~ t tP Death — Death — Death Death, with difcuffion as to time — — D Death — — f Death, with difcuffion as to time — — D G Death -— f G Death Death -fG - t G Death — — — \\ Death — — f Death, with difcuffion as to time — — D I Confinement — — O 'Laws of blood ought not ' to be among the principles ' of a republic. The Vight ' of death belongs only to ' nature. Louis is laidtlow ' upon the ground; it is too ' eafy to kill him, for me to ' give the blow." ' A man may be, in ray opi- ' nion, an excellent patriot, ' without putting to death O G D'Orleans, called Egalite '* his fallen enemy. I vote " for confinement and banifh- " ment." —OP " My confcience tells me that " Louis deferves death." f G 32. PAS DE CALAIS* (Arras.) Garnet Death — — t Duquefnoy LeBas ts ts Death — Guffroy Bollet Death — Death — — t t Varlet " I vote for detention, be- " caufe the nation ought not " to be Influenced by fenti- Enlard *' ments of revenge." — " My confcience points It out *' as my duty to have no- *' thing to do with the penal " code. I am for confinement " and banifhment." — N Dannon Perfonne Tho. Payne Magiiiez C '78 ] " The experience of tliofc " nations, who have put their " King to death, proves the " contrary of what you hope " for. I am for confinement " and tranfportation." — O Confinement and banifliment O Confinement and baniQiment O I Confinement and banifliment O 33- PUY DE DOME. (Clermont.) . Couthon Death _ -t G Gibergues Death - - t I Maignet Death •J" Romme Death t s Soubrany Death - -t G Rudelle Death . , , + Monefliier Death -. -t La Loiie Death - -t Blanval Death, with difcuflion as to time. D Du Laure Death t P Bancal " The thirft of vengeance " and of blood is found only C 179 3 *' in individuals and factions; " but never in a great nation. " I think, befides, that the " majority of French citizens " would not vote for a£i:ual " death. A legiflator ought ** to refift all private pafTions ";which furround him, to " brave with firmnefs every " danger, and to obey no- *' thins: but his confcience " and his reafon. I am for " detention.'* O I Girot-pouzol Confinement and banifliment O 34. HAUTES -PYRENNEES. (Tarbes.) Barrere, ex- Death — — | B noble Ferrand Death — — f M La Crampe Death — — f Dupont " Behind this maufoleum I " fee a lion fpringing from " his den, and a dangerous C i8o ] " enemy fubflimted in the " place of a vanqiiiflied one. " I vote for confinement." O PIcque " I am for death ; but not " till after the ceffation of " hoftilities." D Gertoux Confinement and banilliment O 25- BASSES . PYRENNEES. Sanadon, eveqiie inirm Pemartin Comtc Meillant C( (Pau.) Being a legiflator, I am not " a judge. I cannot vote " but for confinement." O P '' I am only at liberty to " adopt a meafure of fafety, " which is, confinement or « banifliment." O " I am for the fame punifh- " ment as the laft fpeaker." O " It would, in my judgment, " be a moft miflaken meafure " to cut off that head, which *' may one day become ufe- " ful. Confinement and ba- " nilhment." — — O [ i8i ] afenave " The accumulation of fo " many inconfiftent powers " appears to me, notwith- " {landing the paradoxes and " fophifms which art has in- " vented in the courfe of this " proceeding, to be a mon- *' ftrous tyranny, in which I *' am not wiUing to bear a part. The only punifli- ment applicable to Louis is *' forfeiture of the crown." O evea " I fulfil my duty in voting " for confinement." — O PYRENNEES ORIENTALES. (Perpignan.) ^ntegot Death — — -j- zanies Death — — -j- •Qteau " During the war I vote for *' confinement ; and after " peace is eflabliflied, for « death." O G yter Confinement and banifliment O I )re Abfent through ficknefs — m [ l82 ] 37- HAUT RHIN. (COLMAR.) Ritter La Porte Death Death - t Joannot • Pflieger Dubois Death Death "lam not a judge. This " charafter belongs to none " of us. If we were judges, " we fliould perform the du- " ties of fuch, and obferve forms. I am for provifional " confinement." O - O a Albert Provifional confinement Rewbel Abfent through ficknefs 38. BAS RHIN. (Strasbourg.) Laurent Death — — Bentabole Death Louis Death — — t - 1 C "83 ] Arbogafl " I fee the fecurity of the re- " public depends on the de- " tentiori of Louis until time " of peace." Chriftiani Confinement — — Dentzdl Confinement I Simon Abfent upon commifTion — a G Rhull Abfent upon commilTion — a S Ermaii AbTent through ficknefs — • m 39- RHONE ET LOIRE. (Lyon.) Dupuis, fils Dubonchet Preffavin Noel Pointe L'Eveque ChafTet Death — — t Death — — f Death — — f Death — — t Death — — t " The convention, by its con- " duft in the violation of ju- " diciary forms, has con- " vinced me that it does not *' mean to place itfelf in the " fituation of a judge. It is " therefore not permitted me C 184 ] o o o " to vote for death. I am '* for confinement until the *' time of peace." Michel " Reafons of flate and of " public good make me in- *' cline to detention." — Patrin " The exiflence of Louis is ** ufeful ; his death dange- " rous." Lanthcnas " My opinion is, that Louis " deferves death; but onlv " in cafe of a foreign war." O I Euffet Death — — f Moulin " 1 vote for death ; but not " until all the Bourbons are <« expelled." O Vitet Confinement — OP Fournier Confinement — — O Bezaud Confinement and banifhment O Forefl: Confinement and banifhment O Gourdan Siblo;: 40. HAUTE SAONE. (Vesoul.) Death <— Death »— -t C 185 ] Bolot Death — — \ Dormier Death — — f Vigneron Confinement and banifliment O Chauvier Confinement and banifhment O Balivet Confinement and baniftiment O 41. SAONE ET LOIRE. (Macon.) Czrrz, jour- nalijie Gelln Guillermin Reverchon Bodot Guilmardet Mailly Montgilbert Death — — - tG Moreau Mafuyer Death — — Death • — — Death — — Death — — Death, with difcuflion as to time — — Death — — " If the enemies invade the " French territory, then only *' I am of opinion that Louis " ftiould die." Death — f Confinement till the peace O P G t t t t D t O C i86 ] Bertucat *' I cannot judge arbitrarily " in this cafe. Perpetual " confinement.'* O '42 LA SARTHE. Richard Primaudiere Phelippeau Boutrone LevaiTeur Froger Letourneur Syeyes Salmon Chevalier - t t (Le Mans.) Death Death — — . Death — — Death — Death — Death < — — Death — — " Death, (adding) without a ^' word more." " I am for detention ; left " the anarchifts and ambiti- " ous find in the death of " Louis more food for their " intrigues'* " The law does not permit " me to pronoimce any other " fentence than forfeiture of " the crown.'* -= O I t G t t I t t t O 1 [ '87 3 Lecointre Audoin Treilhard Tallien Chenier Royt Mercier Kerfaint 43- SEINE ET OISE. (Versailles.) Death — Death — — Death — Death — Death — — Death — I vote for death, but not ' until after the conflltution ' has been ratified/' — ' The fentence of death is ' impolitic and dangerous. ' The phantom of a King ' may be of marvellous fer- ' vice to us. Perpetual con- ' finement.'* — I do not think myfelf called ' forth to pronounce a judi- ' cial fentence. And if I ' were a judge, I ihould vote * in mercy, and not hi hatred. I have no notion of a great * niition acting from revengcj - t I - t P - t P — t t t O O P [ i88 ] (C in this flruggle the inequa- " lity of the parties makes it " fliocking. 1 am for con- " finement until the time of *' peace." — O G Dupuis Coniinement O Alquier Death, after the peace D Gorhs,jour- Detention — O G nalijle Hauffman Abfent by commiffion — a Herault de Abfent by commiffion — a G Sechelles, avocat-general 44. SEINE INFERIEURE. (Rouen.) Albite Death — PochoUes Death — Vincent " To condemn Louis to death *' is to provoke a civil war, " to ruin the nation, to over- " turn the flate, and to de- " ilroy hberty altogether. \ - tP — t C 189 ] Bailleul Mariette Doublet Ruak *' am for confinement and ba- " nifhment.'* . *' Confider that before pofte- *' rity the illufion will ceafe, " and the paffions will be no " more. You wifli for the " happinefs of the people, " and the head of Louis is " your fecurity for it. I vote *' for detention." " I have only the quality of *' legiflator; that of judge is " inconfiftent with it. I vote " for banilliment." *' The evils which the death *' of Stuart brought upoa " England, make me vote for *' detention.'* OG — O I — O 01 n V C 209 ] L'Homond Confinement — — O Doulcet, ponte-coulant Cuffy Confinement and banifliment O " I do not think that the " glory or the interefl of the " French people permit them " to ftrike a vanquifhed ene- ^ my. I vote for confine- " ment." Confinement — Le Got Ph. Belleville Confinement and banifliment Dumont Confinement and banifliment O G O O I O 68. CANTAL. (St. Flour.) Milhau Death — t La Code Death — - fl Tarrie Death t Peuvergue " My confcience tells me that " the death of Louis would " be prejudicial to the re- " public." zB Thihault Confinement and banifliment O C 2IO ] Mcfeujac Confincmeni and banifliment O Chabanon Confinement and baniilimenc O Jof. Maille Abfent with leave — a Bellegarde Chedanau Guinberteau Chazaud Brun Ribereau Cuvelief De Vars Maulde 69. LA CHARENTE. (Angouleme.) Death — — f with difculTion as to — D - t Death; time Death Death Death Death Death - - fG - - t I - - t Confinement and banifliment O Confinement and banifliment O 70. CHARENTE INFERIEURE. (Saintes.) Bernard Death — Nion Death tl t I 211 ] EchafTeriaux Breard Ruamps Lozeau Vinet Gamier Giraud D'Aucriche Death — — Death -— - — Death — — Death, with difcuffion as to time — • — Death — Death — — t tl D t , t De Ch(^zeau "•"As a legiflator I think it " mofl beneficial that Louis " {hould Hvc." — O " I declare that my fenti- " ments are fubJG<5l to no un- " due influence of any fort. "So far are we from being " judges as well as legiflators, " that you decided yefterday 'that we are not judges; I mean, by your refolution, " that this qi;ieftion ihould be determined by a fimple majority of yotes." — O Confinement and banifhment O G (( a a a - XilJ ^Ll LE CHER. (BOURGES.) Foucher Death — - t La Brunerie Death - t [ 212 ] Peltier Alaffeur Baucheton Dugene Death — f " What fays hiftory? Csefar " was affafTinated, and had a " fucceflbr. The Enghfli fa- " crificed their tyrant, and " returned to their chains. " Rome baniftied her kings," " and had liberty. 1 am for " bani(hment." O Confinement O Confinement O 72. LA CORREZE. (Tulles.) Brival Death Lannot Death, time Borie Death Chambon Death Lidon Death Penieres Death Lafond " I thi Death, with difcuffion as to t — D I — tl — tG - t s -t " I think it my duty to ab- " ftain from voting." — n v C 213 ] 11' CORSE. {Corftca,) (Bastia.) Salicetti Death f Chiappe " Having nothing to do with " the application of punifti- ". ment, I confider only the " fecurity of my fellow citi- ' " zens, which is the fupreme *' law ; in a word, I am for " detention." — O Andrea " The punifhraent for Louis " can be no other than that « of forfeiture." O Banfio " I flatter myfelf that I fhall " deferve well of my country *' in voting for detention." O Peraldi Confinement and banilhment O Cafabianca Provifional confinement — O Mottedo Confinement — — O 74. COTE D'OR. (Dijon.) Bazire Death f G Guyton-mor- Death — f veau t 214 ]' 3!* f^- Prieur Death f 1* Oudot Death — — f Treilhard Death — — -f- Guyot Death, with difcuflion as to time D Berthier Death — — t Lambert " That I may not accumu- " late all fanftions, I think it " it my duty to abftain from " pronouncing any juridical " punifliment/' — O Marcy - " The convention may fet it- " felf up for a jury ; but it " can be only to judge the " crime, and ndt the crimi- " nal. To pafs a definitive " judgment upon Louis is, *' in my opinion, an outrage " againft the definitive will " of the nation. To pro- " nounce fentence of death, " is an ufurpation of the " right of the fovereign. I " will not be a judge — I can- " not, and I ought .not to be one. 'Reprefentatives of the peoplel You have " deftroyed the defpot; fuf- " fer the man to live. Let " him drag in captivity a C ^'5 3 (C Rameau groveling life. You are " the depofitaries of French " honour. Europe has her " eyes upon you. Pofterity " is advancing. It vs^ill judge " you, and its voice vi^ill pafs " through ages." — O " It is not in your power to ^ give me the quahty of " judge, which I have not " received from the fove- *' reign. Accordingly I do " not think myfelf bound by " this monftrous decree." O 75- COTES DU NORD. Londe Gouppe Champeanx (St. Brieux.) Death t " Of the two punifliraents " propofed to be inflicted on " Louis, I clioofe the raildeft, " that is detention." — " My conftituents have de- " puted me to make laws, and " not to judge." — O [ 2.6 3 Guyomard Gondelin Gautier, le jeune Fleury Giraud (C (( cc The re-union of all pow- ers charafterifes defpotifm, " whether it be in an indivi- dual, or in a body of men. It is bad policy to multiply " the number of our enemies " fourfold, and to lavifh the " blood of our brethren. " Shall we then, by punifh- " ing Louis, augment the lift " of viftims ftill more? I vote " for confinement." — O *' I am not afraid of menaces. " I am ready to facrifice my " blood for my country. I " vote, according to my con- " fcience, for detention." — O Perpetual confinement — O Perpetual confinement — ^ O I Perpetual confinement — O Huguet Guyes 76. LA CREUSE. (GUERET.) Death — Death t I t C 217 ] De Bourges Tenier CoutifTon Jaurand Baraillon, phyfician a ' In my capacity as legilla- tor, I am unwilling to de- " liberate and to give my " vote upon the queflion, " what puniiliment fliall be " inflifted on Louis." — O " As hiilory teaches, that " from the afties of one king *' another fprings up, I vote " for detention." — O Confinement O Confinement — — O Provifional confinement • — O 77- LA DORDOGNE. (Perigueux.) La Marque Pinet Lacofte Taillefer Peufl'ard Allafort Lambert Death Death Death Death -— Death Death Confinement t I t t t P t I t O [ 218 ] Bouqiiier Roux-fazillac Meynard Death — — Death — — " My reafon tells me, that I cannot both make and ap- ply the law; it tells me, that I cannot deflroy the " cffeft of the law, in order to fubftitute my own will in its place ; it tells me in fliort, that the blending of " powers is too arbitrary for the government of a free people, and that I ought " not to vote, but (as a mea- " fure of public fafety) for " provifional confinement." «i cc cc C( cc (C C( cc t t o 78, DOUBS. (Bes4>ncon.) Michaud Vernety Monnot Beffon Death Death Death Death t t A- I t [ 219 ] Guyrot Seguin "I do not condemn Louis " to death, becaufe, when I " open the penal code, I fee " that other forms were ne- " cefTary, other 'judges, and " other principles. I am for " confinement." — — - Confinement and banifliment O O 79- LA DROME. Julien Santeyra Boiffet Jacomin Collaud de la Salcette Fayolle Martinet Marbos Gerente (Romans.) Death — Death — — Death — . — Death — Death, in cafe only of inva- fion t t t O " 1 have never been fatisfied " that the convention could " fet itfelf up for a court of " juftice. Confinement." O I Confinement — O Confinement O Confinement O f 220 3 80. L'EURE. (EVREUX.) Lindet, Taine, Death — — t eveque intrus Buzot Duroy Bouillerot Lindet, le Death — — Death — — Death — — Death , — tP t G t t jeune Richou " Forefeeing that the death " of Louis will be the fource " of bitter misfortunes, I " {hould regard rayfelf as " unworthy the name of ci- *' tizen, if I voted for his •" puniflimenr. Confinement " and baniiliment." P Le Marechal " That I may not be re- " proached with having " fwerved from my million, " and with having fee an ex- •" ample of the mod mon- " ftrous tyranny, I vote for C 221 ] Vallee (( Savary Topfent I am for provifional con- " finement, and for death in " cafe the French territory « be invaded." . O I Confinement — — O I Confinement — — O 8i. L'EURE ET LOIRE. (Chartres.) La Croix Death Briffot Death Fcthion, maire Death de Paris Le Sage Loifeau Chales Fremenger Giroufl - t G — fPM Bourgeois Confinement O P Death, with delaV — f Death — — f P Death — -- t " Having no power to vote " but as a legiflator, I am for " detention.*' O I Confinement — _ O r 222 ] 82. FINISTERRE. Boham Blad Guernoi Guermeur Gommaire Marce C^eirice Kervelegan KleBer (QUIMPER.) Death — Death — Death — Death — " Coufidering the pall events " which I have feen, confi- " dering the prefent events " which I now behold, an^ " confidering thofe future " events which I apprehend, " I am of opinion that the " life of Louis is of more " value to the republic than " his death/' ^ t t I t t Confinement and banifhment Confinement and tranfporta- tion ^ " I ain of the fame opinion " as the M.'' ConjSnement O O o o o C 223 ] Leyris Vouland Chazal, fils Tavcrnel Aubry Rabaut- pommier Balla 8" LE GARD. (NlSMES.) Death Death Death Death - t t - tP - tl " Death, but not until after " the ratification of the con- «' flitution." O The fame , O P The fame — O G Confinement. O C 224 ] RESULT OF THE THIRD SCRUTINY. PRESIDENT VERGNIAULT. " Citizens! I am going to pronounce the fentence of rigour againfl Louis. When juftice has fpoken, " humanity fhould then make her voice heard. I " intreat the members and the tribune to obferve " profound filence. The alTembly is compofed of " 745 members: i of thefe is dead — 6 are fick — 2 " abfent without afTigning any reafon — 1 1 are abfent " with leave — 4 have not voted; the total is 24, *' which, being dedufted from 745, there remain "721 voters, of whom the abfolute majority is 361. - " 36 are for death, leaving the time of it to be " difcuffed hereafter. *' 9 for death, with refpite. " 2 for death, after a a peace. *' 2 for chains. 319 for confinement. 366 for death. " Citizens, " The punifliment pronounced againfl « Louis is DEATH." C 225 ] The Names of the above-mentioned Voters in alphabetical order. N. B. The figures refer to the page. Alafleur Albert Albite Alboys Allafort Alquier Amar Ambermeuil Aniyon Andree Andre (St.) Anguis Anfy ' Antiboul Anthoine Aouft Arbogaft Armonville Artigoyte D' Affelin Aubert Aubry Audoin Audrein AulnaydeT Aulnay de T Azema B. Babey Baillyde Ju- illy Baland Bailleuil Ballivet Balla Bancal Bar Baraillon -Barbaroux Barety Barras Barrere Baroche Barrot Barthelemy Eas (le) Baffal Baucheton 12 Baudran 82 Banlio 88 Baux 62 Bazire 217 Bayle 88 Beauchamp 56 Beaugeard <)4 Beaupre 57 Beauvais 13 Becker 61 Beffroy 92 Belin 62 Bellegarde 94 Belleville 71 Bentabole 73 Bezaud 83 Bergoin 66 Bernard 58 Bernard 93 Bernard St. 6 3 Afrique ,23 Bernier 87 Berthier 70 Bertucat 64 Beflbn 64 Bezere 05 Billaud Va- rennes 58 Bion Biroteau 90 Bifiy 97 Blad 89 Blanc 85 Blanval 23 Blaux 78 Blonde! 71 Biutel 217 Bodin 207 Bodin 201 Bodot 194 Jioham 179 Bolleau 169 Boiflet 163 BoifTi-D'An- 159 glas 177 Boifliere la 187 Boiiiieu 212 Boiler 156 Bolot 185 213 Bonguyode 157 206 Bonnemain 205 213 Bonnefceur 165 207 Bonnet 153 201 Bonnet 208 154 Bonnet 159 174 Bonnet 205 176 Bonneval 168 171 Bordas 197 200 Borel 201 200 Borie 212 210 Boucher 176 209 Boucheron 200 152 Boudin 155 184 Bouillerot 220 153 Bouquier 218 190 Bourbotte 199 210 Bourdon 161 Bourdon 1 74 207 Bourgeois 1S9 191 Bourgeois 221 214 Bourges (de)2i7 186 Boufquet 152 218 Boudion 162 174 Boutrone 186 Boygnes 162 175 Breard 211 196 Briflbn 159 181 Breflbn 197 167 Bretel 165 222 Breton (le) 154 166 Briflbt 221 178 Brival 212 172 Brun 210 204 Brunei 153 190 Brunerie(la) 211 1 56 Buzot 220 204 C. 1 85 Cales 151 222 Calon 173 199 Cambaceres 153 219 Cambon 153 Camboulas 206 203 Campmartin 204 161 Campmas 193 157 Camus 159 177 Cappin 152 Carpentlerle \Ce^ Carpentier 173 Carra 185 Cafabianca 213 Cafeneuve 201 Cafenave iSi Caftillo2i 153 Cazanies 181 Caze (la) 155 Cavaignan 162 Cay la 163 Chabanon 210 Chabot 159 Chales 221 Chailion 160 Chambon 212 Champeaux 215 Champigny 156 Charbonier 194 Charlier i65 Charrel 156 ChalFet 183 Chatelain 199 Chau'mont 154 Chauvier 185 Chaux (la) 160 Chazal 223 Chazaud 210 Chedanau 210 Chenier 187 Chevalier 186 Chevalier 201 Chiappe 2 1 3 Choudieu 164. Chriftiani 183 Claverie 162 Cjauzel 204 Cledel i6£ Clerc (le) 159 Clerc (le) 164 Cloots 1 74 Cochet 173 Cochon 191 Cointe-pui- raveau (le) 191 Cointre (le) 187 Collaud cle la Salcette 2 1 9 [ 226 ] CoUot d'Her bois Colombcl Combe (la) Combe St. Micliel (la) Condorcet Comte Corbel Cordier Corinfuftier Cofte (la) Couhey Couppe Couppe Courtois Couftard Couthoii Coutiflbn Couturier Crampe (la) Creuzc-la- Tonche Creuze-pas- chal Croix (de la) Croix (la) Croix (la) Curee Cufly Cuvelier D. Damrobe D'Andenac D'Andenac Dannon Danton David D'Autriche Debrie De Chezeau Delamare Delbret Delaguelle Dclcher Delahaye Delecloy Delmas Dentzell Derbes-la- tour Deraiey 175 Dei'camps 174. Defmoulins ao6 Delpinuiry Defrouais 193 Devars 200 Deydier 180 Dires 170 Dorily 150 Dormier 203 Doublet 219 Douge 1 57 Doulcet 173 Drouet 215 Dridhe 204 Dubarran 160 Dubignon 178 Dubois 217 Dubois 172 Dubois 179 Dubois-Dti- bais 196 Dubouchet DubreuJl 196 Duchatel 166 Ducos 197 Ducos 221 Dufeftel 153 Dugene 109 Dugue-dafly 174. 173 192 209 208 200 207 183 188 177 I 55 152 175 194. 17 + 210 199 158 164. 185 189 205 209 166 151 152 154 174 182 203 208 183 191 192 152 J 58 I 92 21 210 Duhem Dumont 1 72 Dumont 164 Duperret 164 Dupin 178 Duplantiei 175 Dupont 176 Dupont 211 Duprat 199 Dupuis 211 Dupuis 174 Duquefnoi 162 Durand-mall- 160 lane 208 r59 Duroy 220 190 DuiTault 176 192 Dutroubour- 151 nier 196 183 Duval 154 Duval 190 ZQZ Puval 205 Echaircriaux Egalitc Enlard Engerrand Enjubault Ermann Efcudier Efni Efpert EuHet F. Fabre Falire Fabre d'Eg • lantine Fauchet Faure Faure Faye Faye FayoUe Fermont Ferrand Ferry Ferroiix Fevre (ie) Finot P'iot (le) Figuet Flageas Fleury Florent-lou- vet Fockedey Fonfrede Forelt Fouclie Foucher Fournel Fo\i rney Fournier FoulledoJre Franc (le) France (de) Fremenger Freron Frefline Froger G. Gadroy Gamoa 21 1 Gantois 177 Garan-cou- 177 Ion 165 Gardien 167 Garrihe 183 Garnier 194 Garnier 167 Garnot 204 Garros 184 Gai'parln Galton 153 Gaudin 181 Gautier Gautier 176 Gayet 208 Gayvernon' 189 Gazeau 159 Gelin 197 Genevois 195 Geniffieu 219 Genfbnne 154 Gentil 179 Gerente 203 GeofFroy 157 Gertoux 160 Gervais- 199 Ikuvt: 172 Gibergites 200 Gillet 159 Grrard 217 Girard Girot-pou- 192 zol 173 Giraud 152 Giraud 184 Girouft 160 Gleizal 211 Godefroy 162 Gommaire 175 Goudelin 184 Goupilleau 159 Goupilkau 158 Gourdan 191 Gorfas 221 GoufTuin. 176 Gouny 159 Granet 186 Grange- neuve J 58 Gregoire 20^5 195 a6i »55 2P3 205 211 177 195 207 204 19s 199 216 163 197 IS* i35 156 156 152 161 219 191 iSo iS- 178 171 195 205 17? 211 216 22r 202 17+ 222 216 195 195 184 188 17 J. 193 207" 1J2 15^ C 227 J GreuvOt Guadet • Guerin Guermeur Guenioi GuftVoy Guillardin Guillermin Guilmardet Guilrault Guinberteau Guire (l:i) Giiyiis Guyomard Guyot Guyrot Guyter Guyton-mor veau H. Hardy Hardi (le) Harmand Hauffmann Havia Hecquet Herard Herault de Sechelles Himbert Homond L" Hofdiniere Houillierede Huljert Hugo Huguet Humbert I. Jacomin Jard-pan- viller J airy Jaurand jay Jehon Jeune (le) Jeune (le) Ingrand Joan not Jouidan 157 Jouenne 151 Ifabeau 161 Ifnard 2ai Izoard 222 Izore 177 Julien 166 Julien 185 Jull (St.) 185 _ K. 172 Kerfaint 210 Kervelegan I (, 2 Kleber 216 L. 216 Laiofte 214. Laignelot 2 1 9 Lakanal 1 8 1 Lafond Lambert 213 Lambert Lalande 189 Lanjuinais 170 Laniiot 170 Lanthenas 188 Laroche 165 Laurence 190 Lauranct'Ot 199 Laure (du) Laurent 188 Lefevre 190 Lecointre 209 Lecointe- 174 puyraveau 164 Laurent 165 Laurent 198 Legendre 216 Legendre 170 Legot Lequinio 219 Leiierp- 223 beauvais Letourneur 191 L'Eveque J 60 Levalfeur i 217 152 Leyris 152 Leyze (de) 755 Lidon 167 Lindet 196 Lindet 182 Lobints 172 Loi (la) 208 Loifeau 221 156 Loifel 200 194 L'onde 215 201 Lozeau 211 174 Loucliet 206 151 Loiie (la) 178 219 Louis 182 200 Louvet 192 Louvet 161 187 M. 222 Maignen 195 222 Maignan (le)i64 Magniez 178 217 Maignet 181 176 Mailhe 151 204 Maille 210 212 Mailland 214 Durand 218 217 Mailland (le) 17 1 169 Mailly 185 154 Mainville 155 212 Mayfle 202 183 Malar me 168 165 Manuel 176 165 Marat 17S 157 Marbos 219 178 Marce 222 207 Marcy 214 190 Marcclial(le)22o 187 Mariette 189 Marque (la) 217 191 Marquis 170 182 Marragon 206 163 Martel 201 172 Martin St. 203 175 Martin St. 209 Prix 193 174 Martin St. valogues 2 1 7 i^f> Martineau 196 186 Martinet 219 185 Marvejols 194 68 — Maflieu 174 186 Mauduit 190 223 Maure 198 152 Mauld 210 212 Mauzel 154 220 Marade 1 51 220 Mafuyer 185 207 MeauUe 160 1C7 Meilhat" 180 Mellinet 166 Mercier 187 Merlin 172 Merlin 173 Merlin 199 Meyer 194 Meynard 218 Mefeujac 210 Michaud 218 Michel 169 Michel 171 Michel 184. Milhan 209 Moine (le) 165 MoUet 199 Molveau 168 Mounel 166 Monnot 218 Monefon 204 Moneftier 163 Moneftier 178 Montant 151 Montegot 181 Montey (le) 158 Montgilbert 185 Montmayan i6s Moreau 185 Moreau 169 Morin „ 206 Morillbri 195 Mottedo 2 1 3 Moulin 184 Moyflet 1 5a Mullet 19s N. Nentz 171 Neveu 186 Nioche 155 Nion 210 Noel 198 Noel pointe 185 Nogucr 163- O. Obeli n 15+ Oflkial(L^) 191 Opoix 191 Oilelin 176 Oudot 214 P. Pagan el 161 Page (le) ■^iT [ 228 ] Pauls 176 PrimauJiere 186 Ruanips 211 Thomas 174 Palloi-et I 54. Proiean 151 Ruelle 155 Thomas 176 Pad rill 1 S4 Prolt 157 Rudellc 178 Tluniot 166 Paux (le) 164. Prunel 157 s. Tocquot 170 Payne 178 Pryefe 173 Sacy (de) 151 Toplent 221 Pelillier 207 Q^ Sage (le) 211 Tournier 206 Pelle 161 Qneince 222 Saladin 192 Tourneur k :i65 Pellet 16^, Qiiinette 199 Salicetti 213 Treilhard 187 Pelletier(le) 198 R Salle 168 Treilhard 214 Peltier 21 '- Rabaut pom Salleles 162 Turreau 199 Peinartiu I So mier 223 Sallengros 173 V. Penieies 212 Rabaut St. Salmon 186 Vadier 204. Pep^n 155 Etienne 205 Sanadon 1 80 Valaze 174- Perard 1 64 RaftVon 176 Savornin 202 Valdruche 167 Perildi Z13 Rameau 215 Santeyra 219 Vallee 221 Peres 151 Ramel 205 Saurinc 159 Valogues 207 Peres 206 Randon 163 Savary 221 Vardon 208 Perria 197 Raynault 159 Saullrault 172 Varlet 177 Perrin 205 Real 156 Scellier 192 Vatelier i66 Per fo line 178 Rebecqui 207 Seconds 206 Vaublanc 157 Pethioii 221 Reguis 202 Seguin 219 Venaille 159 Petit 200 Reverchon 185 Senault 173 Vergniault 152 PeufTard 217 Rewbell 182 Serjeant 176 Verdallin 202 Peuvergne 209 Ribereau 210 Serres 201 Virite (de) 193 Peyze 202 Ribet 165 Serveau 167 Vermond 204 Pflieger 182 Ricard 19+ Serviere 163 Vernety 218 Plielippeaax 186 Richard 186 Servonat 156 Vernier ^57 Picque 180 Richou 220 Sevellre 1 54 Vicomterie Pierre* 205 Ritter 182 Siblot 184 (la) 175 Pilaftre 104 Rivaud 197 Sillery 193 Vidalin 20 1 Pinel 165 Rivery 193 Simon 183 Vidalot 162 Pinet 217 Rhull 183 Soloniac 1 94 Vicunet J53 Pioz'/y 196 Robert 176 Soubeyran 202 Vigneron 18s Plaichart Robert 203 Soubi'any 178 Viguy 191 chottiere 168 Robin 204 Souhait 197 Viliars 167 Plaigne (la) 151 Robefpierre 175 Souligaac 197 Villiers (de) i6S Planche (la) 172 Robefpierre 176 Source (la) 19-2 Villers 160 Pocholles 188 Roche gude 1 94 Syeyes 186 Vjllette 174 Poiifon 165 Rocher (du) 194 T. Vioee ^0 156 Pons 169 Romme 178 Taillefcr 217 Vincent 18S Porclier 155 Rouault 171 Tallien 1 87 Vinet 211 Porte (la) 182 Roubaud 194 Tarrie 209 Vilet 184 Portier 174 Rovere 207 Taveau 208 Vouland 223 Pettier 155 Ro'jfieau 167 Tavernel 223 W. Poulain 166 Roufiel 169 Tellier 390 Wandeiin- Poll lain gran d Roux 167 Tenier 217 court 167 Pre . 197 Roux-fazillac2i8 Thibaut 155 Y. Porltier 173 Rouzct 151 Thibault 209 Yger 190 Precy 199 Rouycr 153 Thibaudot 196 YlarnGodf. 206 Pre (ravin 183 Royer 199 Thiejrier 204 Z. Prieur 166 Royt 187 Thiriou S71 Zangiacorai 169 P;ieur 2i4 Rualt 189 C 229 ] The appeal of LOUIS XVL " I OWE it to my honour, I owe it to my " family, not to fubfcribe to an accufation which I " have not merited. I declare therefore, that I bring " an appeal tcT the nation at large from the judg- " ment paiTed againft me; and I give to my defenders " all necellary powers, in order that this prefent ap- " peal may be inferted in the Journals of the Con- " vention." Refufed! The Address of Monf. de Seze, o?ie of the de» fenders of the King^ to the Cojivention. " THE ratification by the French people, *' which Louis demands, is the exercife of a natural " and facred right which belongs to every perfon ac- *' cufed; it is the right of every man, and confe- " quently of Louis. If we did not prefer this claim ** in his defence, it was becaufe it was not in our " power to forefee that the National Convention " would refolve upon judging him; or, if itdid judge " him, that it would condemn him. We now learn, " that the fatal decree, which condemns Louis to " death. [230] " death, has been carried by a majority of five votes " only. Permit me, Ciii-zens, to reprefent to vou, in " ihe name of humanity, in the name of that facred *' principle which calls for every mitigation in fa- "vour of the accufed, that this circumflance, io " very extraordinary, may well engage you volun- " tarily to accede to the propofed ratification. I' de- '• mand it in the name of jultice, in the name of our " country, in the name of humanity. Exercife your " own high powers; but do not ailoniih France by " the exhibition of a judgment that mull appear " terrible, when the furprifing minority comes to " be confidered. " Citizens, permit me to adjure you once more " in the name of Louis XVI. and to conclude with •'' fuggeiling to you, whether, whilft you are con- " tending for the fecurity of the nation, and its real " intereft, you will not tremble, when you refle£l, that the fafety of the republic, the fecurity of the French empire, and the happinefs of 25 millions " of people, may poflibly depend upon five votes." FOURTH ArPEL NOMINAL. THE objecl: of this fourth appeal was to know whether the execution of Louis might be deferred ; 310 were for refpite, and 380 againfl: it. Thus, by ii majority of 70 votes, it was decreed, that the fen- tence againfl Louis XVL ihould be executed with- out delay. [ 231 ] THE EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI. 2 ifl JANUARY, 1793.' THE minlfter of juflice and the heads of the adminiftrative corps, having proceeded to the Tem- ple-on Sunday the 20th of January, about four in the evening, cotified to Louis the warrant for his execution. " I demand,*' faid the King, " a refpite " of three days to prepare myfelf for appearing be- " fore God. To alTift me in this work, 1 defn-e to " have Mr. Edgeworth, (an Iriih clergyman) with *' whom I may freely communicate. I defire that " he may be fecured from all uneafmefs, or appre- " henfion, on account of this charitable office which " he fliall perform for me. I defire to be relieved from that perpetual watch which the council-ge- neral has fet over me for fome days. I demand in this interval the privilege of feeing my family " when I fliall defire it, and without witnefles. I " could alfo wifli, that the Convention would, as " fpeedily as may be, fet about determining the fate " of my family, and permit them to fee each other freely and comraodioufly, when they fhall think proper. " I recommend to the liberality of the nation all " thofe perfons who have been attached to me. " Among my penfioners there are many aged men, " women, and children, who have no other means « of fubfiftence." (C r 232 ] Of all thefe requlfitions Louis obtained only that of feeing his family without witnelTes. It was the hrfl: time fince his imprifonment. The interview lafled two hours. It is impoffible to exprefs the horror of the moment, when he was obliged to tear himfelf away from them. On his return to his apart- ment, the King paffed almofh the whole of the night in prayer. He then laid down and flept a few hours, and early in the morning betook himfelf again to prayer. The 2 1 ft of January, at half paft eight o'clock Santerre, the commandant-general, came to fignify to Louis the order for his going to execution. Having requefted three nynutes to fpeak' with his confeffor, he then turned to Santerre, and told him that he was readv to follow him. The King croiTed the firft court of the Temple on foot ; he then entered the coach of Pethion, the mayor of Paris, with his Confeffor and two Gen- darmes. His route lay along the Boulevards, which were lined with above two hundred thouiand men in arms. All the way Louis was deeply engaged in reading the prayers appointed for perfons at the point of death. Being arrived at the Place de Louts XV, which was the place of execution, about ten o'clock in the morning, he alighted from the carriage with calm- nefs, took off his clothes himfelf, remaining in his white under-waiftcoat, untied his cravat, and opened the [ 233 ] 4 the collar of his (hirt ; he then threw himfelf upon his knees to receive the lafl benedidion of his Con- feffor, got up immediately after, and afcended the fcaffold alone. At that moment his ConfelTor cried out to him, " Son of St. Louis, you are going up « to Heaven !"t Far from oppofmg thofc who came to cut off his hair, and bind' his hands, " Do with me," fuid he, " what you will, it is the laft facrifice." He then made a motion with his hand to obtain filence. — " I " die perfectly innocept of all the pretended crimes " laid to my charge — I forgive all thofe who have " had any hand in my misfortunes, and 1 pray that *' my blood may be of ufe in reftoring happinefs to " France — and you, unhappy people!" At thefe words, the unfeeling Santerre gave or- ders that the drums fliould beat, crying out to the King, " that he had not brought him there to de- " claim, but to die." At that inftant his head was fevered from his body! The corpfe was immediately conveyed to the Mag. dalene burying-ground, and thrown into a pit twelve feet deep, into which a confiderable quantity of quick- lime was cafl. f Other accounts ftate, that it was when the King had juft pre- pared himfelf for the flroke of the fatal Inftrument, that Monf. Edge-* worth, his confefTor, called out (in the imperative) with a loud voicc^ « Enfant de Saint Louis, montez au Ciel." *' Son of St. Louis, mount " up to Heaven." It C 234 ] It is faid, that after crying out, " Vive la Nation!^* " Vhe la Repiihlique!^* fome voluntt;ers dipped their pikes, and others their handkerchiefs, in the blood of the viftim. One perfon alone had the courage to cry out, Grace, and was inftantly cut down with a fabre. Thus died Louis XVL King of France and Na- varre. He was born the 23d of Auguft, '1754, afcended the throne the loth of May, 1774? ^"^^ reigned eighteen years and three months. The following dates relative to the defliny of this prince have been brought together and contrafted. 2ifl: April, 1770, Marriage of Louis at Vienna, and delivery of the ring. 21(1 June, 1770, Great rejoicings at Paris on ac- count of his marriage. 2 1 ft January, 1772, Feflival doings in the city on account of the birth of the firft Dauphin. 2 1 fl June, 1 79 1 , The King^s departure, or rather flight to Varennes, 2ift September, 1792, Abolition of Royalty. 2ift January, 1793, Louis beheaded. THE ^35 3 THE LAST WILL OF LOUIS XVI. IN the name of the moft holy Trinity, Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft, this day, the 25th of December, 1792, I, Louis X\^I. by name, King of France, having been four months (hut up with my family in the Tower of the Temple, at Paris, by thofe who were my Jubjecis, and deprived of all communication \vhate\er, even, fmce the i ith of this month, with my family; being more- over involved in a trial, of which it is impoflible to forefee the iiTue, on account of the paffions of men, and for which there is no pretence nor motive in any c.xifling law, ha^'ing none but God for witnefs to my thoughts, and to whom I can addrefs myfelf, I here declare, in his prefence, my laft will and fentiments. I leave my foul to God my creator ; I befeech him to receive it in his mercy ; not to judge it according to its merits, but to thofe of our Lord Jefus Chrift, who offered himfelf as a facrifice to God Jiis Father for us men, unworthy of it as we are, and I more than any. I die in the faith of our holy mother the catholic, apoftolic, and Roman Church, which derives her powers in an uninter- rupted fucceffion from St. Peter, to whom Jefus Chrift had en- truftedthem; I firmly believe and acknowledge all that is con- tained in the apoftles' creed, the commandments of God, and of the church ; the facraments and myfteries* fuch as the Catholic Church teaches, and has always taught them : I never pretended to be a judge of the different modes of explaining the dogmas which divide the church of Jefus Chrift; but I have always trufted, and fliall always truft, if God grants me life, to the decifions that the ecclefiaftical fuperlors, together with the holy catholic church, give and Ihall give, according to the difcipline of the church fmce jefus Chrift. I pitv with all my heart our brethren who may be in error, but I do not pretend to judge them ; nor do J love them the lefs in Jefus Chrift, according to what chriftian charity teaches us, and I pray God to forgive me all my fins: I have fcrupuloufly fought to know them, to deteft them, and to humble C 23<5 ] humble myfelf in his prefence. Not being permitted to make liCe of the miniftry of a catholic prieft, I pray God to receive the confcilion which I have made to him of them; and above all, my fincere repentance for having put my name (though againft my will) to afts that may be contrary to the difcipHne and faith of the catholic church, to which I have always b^en finccrely and faithfully united. I pray God to accept my firm rcfolution, if he grants me life, to make ule as foon as poOible of the miniilry of a catholic prieft, that I may accufe myfelf of all my fins, and receive the facrament of penance. I befeech all thofe whom I may have inadvertently offended, (for I do not remember to have knowingly given offence to any perfon) and thofe to whom I may have given bad examples, or caufed fcandal, to forgive the injuries they think I may have done them. I implore all charitable perfons to join their prayers to mine, to obtain from God the pardon of my fins; I, with all my heart, forgive thofe who are become my enemies, although I have not given them any reafon to be fo; and T befeech God to foro-ive them, as well as thofe who, through a falfe or miftaken zeal, have brotight many misfortunes on me. I recommend to God, my wife and children; my fillers, my aunts, my brothers, and all thofe who are attached to me, either by the ties of blood, or in any other way whatever. I particu- larly befeech God to caft a merciful eye on my wife, my children, and my filler, who have long fuffered with me, to fupport them by his grace, if they lliould happen to lofe me, and as long as they remain in this periiliable world. I recommend my children to my wife; I never doubted her jnaternal tendernefs for them. I above all recommend to her to make them good chrillians, and honeft people; to make them confider the grandeurs of this world (if they be condemned to pofiefs them) only as dangerous and periflvable poffefilons, and to direft their attention to Eternity, the orAy folid and durable glory. I beg of my filler to continue her tendernefs to my children, and to be a mother to them, if they Ihould have the misfortune of iqfing her who is fuch. I intrcat C 237 ] I intreat my wife to forgive me all the afHi£lions fhe fufFers for my fake, and the forrovvs I may have given her in the courfe of our union ; as fhe may be certain that I havs no fault to find with her, even where (he may think fhe has caufe to reproach herfelf. I earneftly recommend to my children, after what they owe to God, (which is the firll of all duties) to live always in harmony ^vith one another, to be fubmifiive and obedient to their mother, and grateful to her for all the care and trouble (he takes for them out of regard to my memory. I defire them to confider my filler as their fecond moRier. I recommend to my Son, if he has the misfortune to become Ring, to remember that he owes himfelf entirely to his fellow- citizens ; that he muft forget all hatred and refentment, and par- ticularly all that relates to the misfortunes and afflidions that I endure; that he can only make the people happy by reigning according to the laws, but at the fame time, that a King cannot make himfelf refpedled, and do all the good he wifhes, without having the neceffary authority; and that otherwife, being reftraincd in his operations, and not infpiring refpeft, he is rather hurtful than ufeful. I recommend to my fon to take as much care of all thof^ per- fons who were attaclied to me, as the circumftances he may be in will allow him; to recollcft that it is a facred debt which I have contracted towards the children or the relations of thofe who have died for me, and thofe who fufFer for my fake. I know that there are feveral perfons among tliofe who ought to hav^e been at- tached to me, who have not afled towards mc as they ought, and have even been ungrateful towards me; but I forgive them,, (often in time of trouble and confufion, men are not mafters of them- felves) and I beg my fon, if he finds the opportunity, to think only of their misfortunes. I wi(h I could here give a teftimony of my gratitude to thofe •who have fl"ievvn a true and difinterefted afteftion for me. If, or^ the one hand, I have been fenfibly afFeftcd with the ingratitude and didoyalty of tho/e, to whom I had fnewn at all times only kindncf^ i: 238 ] klndnefs — to them, tliclr relations, or friends; on the other hand, T have had the confolation to receive proofs of difinterefted af- fedlion and regard from feveral others. 1 beg them to accept my beft thanks. In the prefent ftate of things, I fliould fear to expofe them if I fpoke more explicitly ; bat I particularly recommend to my fon to embrace every opportunity of difcovering them. Nevcrthelefs, I think T fhould wrong the national feeling, if I were not openly to recommend to my fon Mcflicurs De Chamilly and Hue, whofe fincere affection for me induced them to fhut themfelves up with me in this melancholy abode, and who ran the ril^que of being the mifortunate victims of their attachment. I alfo recommend Cleri, with whofe attentions I have had all reafons to be fatisfied ever fmce he has been with me. As he is the perfon who has remained with me to the laft, I requell Meflieurs de la Commune to give him my clothes, my books, and the other trifles which hare been depofited at the Council of the Commune. I alfo very willinglv forgive thofe who guarded me, for their ill treatment, and the conllraint which they thought neceflary to keep me under. I have found fome feeling and compafiionate minds ; may thev enjoy in their hearts the pleafure that their turn of think- iup muft afford them. - I requefl: Meffieurs De Malflicrbes, Trcnchet, and De Seze, to receive my beft thanks, and affurances of my gratitude for all the care and attention they have (hewn me. I conclude with declaring before God, being ready to appear before him, that I cannot reproach myfelf with any of thofe crimes that have been laid to my charge. Made and copied in tlie Tower of the Temple, the 25th of December, 1792. (Signed) . LOUIS. And underfigned Beaudrais, Municipal Officer, [ 239 ] A LIST OF MANY OF THE MOST CONSIDERABLE SUFFERERS UNDER THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. Note. The letter R at the head of a name fignifies Revolution- ary; D means doubtful, i. e. a charadler not fully known; L fignifies Loyalift, and an innocent viftim. The letters at the end of a name fignify A affaffinated ; I imprifoned ; G guil- lotined ; M maffacred ; P profcribed ; S fuicide. L De Favras, knight of the order of St. Louis — — — G R De Clermoiit-Tonnere, marechal of France, ex-confliment ; that is, member of the firft national RlTembly IS/L L De Clermont-d'Amboifc, cordon bleu J i.e. knight of the Holy Ghoft i — G L D'Halouville, fub-governor of the dauphin M L Le Vicomte de Maille, marefchal-de-camp M R Le Due de la Rochefoucault, es-confli- tuent — — — M L Le Vicomte de Broves, colonel, ex-coii- ilituent — — — M L The celebrated Di;r(?foy, compiler of the Paris Gazette — — ^ — G [240] L Delaporte, intendant of the civil lift — G L L'Abbc Raflignac, an author and excon- ftituent M L L'Abbc Lenfant, preacher to the king — M L The prifoners of the Convent des Cannes, to the number of 140 — M L The prifoners of I'Abbaye St. Germain, to the number of 162 M L The prifoners in feminary of St. Fermin, to the number of 92 M D The prifoners in the Hotel de la Force, 167 — — — M D The prifoners of the Grand Chatelet, 214 M D The prifoners in the Conciergerie, 85 — M D The prifoners of the Caftle of Bicetre, i ^t^ M L The prifoners of the Cloifter of the Ber- nardins, 73 - M L The prifoners from. Orleans butchered at Verfailles, ^y — — — M L Le Comte de Montraorin, minifter and fe- creiary of ftate — M L Dulau, archbifliop oF Aries — M L De la Rochefoucault, bifiiop of Beauvais M L De la Rochefoucault, billiop of Saintes M L L'Abbe de Puyfegur, vicar-general of Rheims _ — — M L De la Mothe, body-guard of the Count D'Artois — — M L The Princefs de Lamballe M L The Marquis de Montmorin, governor of Fontainbleau — — — — — M [ 241 ] L DelelTart, minifler and fecretary of (late M L The Duke de BriiTac, marechal de France M L The bilhop of Mendes — M R Mounier, prefident of the conflituent af- fembly — — P R The two brothers Lameth, ex-conflituents P R All the members du cote gauche of the iirfl aifembly, /. e, thofe who were ori- gmally for the revolution, ^and diflin- - ' guiilied themfelves by fitting on the left fide of the hall — — =- P Louis XVI. the objeft of lamentation to every true Frenchman G R BafTeville, agent of the republic at Rome M R General Marquis de la Fayette, ex-confti- tuent — — — I R General Winphen, ex-conftituent — P L The Marquis d'Angremont G L De Blackmann, major of the Swifs guards G L De Cazotte, a man of letters, upwards of 80 years of age G R General Montefquieu, ex-conftituent — P R The* celebrated Count Mirabeau, expelled from the pantheon. {Depanthebn'ue.') R Chabroud, advocate to the Duke of Or- leans, ex-conftituent ■— P D Le Comte de Tally Tollendal, ex-confli- tuent — — P D Le Comte de Cazales, ex-conflituent — P D Baron de Beaumarchais, author of Figaro P R [ 242 ] L D'Abiincourt, minifler of war — • M R Duperron, adminiilrator of police • — M L Thierry, principal valet de chambre of the King — — M L Chantraine, raafter of the wardrobe to the King — — M D De Rhuliers, commandant of the houfe- hold cavalry, (/^ gendannerie a chevat) M L Dom. Clievreuif, general of the benedic- tines — — — M L De St. Palaye, coiinfellor of the chamber of accompts — — M L Mauffabre, aide-du-camp to the Duke de Briffac — — — M R Defmarais, chief in the office of alTignats M R Amelot, director of the CailTe de I'Extra- O'dinaire -^ — M R Garat, cafhier of the public treafure — M L Hebert, general of the Eudifts, (a monadic order) and confeiTor to the King — M L Depres, vicar-general of Paris • — M L Langlade, vicar-general of Rouen — M L Bonneau, vicar-general of Lyons — M L Defoucault, vicar-general of Aries -— M L Defargue, vicar-general of Toulon — M L Deluberfac, almoner to the King's fillers M L Turmenyes, grand mailer of Navarre — M L Comte de St. Mart, colonel ' — M L Dewittgeftein, lieutenant-general and cor- don rouT;c, /. e, commander of the order of St. Louis ' — . — M C 243 ] L The Abbe de Boifgelin, agent-general of the clergy of France — — M L Thirty Swifs officers — M L De Rohan Chabot, brother of the Prince of Leon — — M L Dechamploft, principal valet de chambre of the King — — M L Thirty offiicers of the King's guards — M D Romainvilliers, chef de divifion — M L Decharnois, a man of letters — M D Delachefnaye, chef de divifion — M R General Dumourier — — P R De Bournonville, minifter of war — I R General Dillon — — M R The two fons of the Duke of Orleans — P L De Blanchelande, governor of St. Do- mingo — — • G R De Perigord, bifliop of Autun, firfl author of the fchifm in France — P R Charlotte Corday, who affaffinated Marat G R General Paoli, of Corfica — P R General Cuftine, ex-conflituent — G R The intruding bifhop of Aufch — P R General Guetineau — — G R General Servan — — P R General Biron — — — . G L Marie Antoinette, Queen of France — G R The Duke of Orleans, called Egalite — G R Bailly, ex-conftituent and firfl: mayor of Paris — ~ G R 2 [ 244 j R Roland, miiilfter of juflice at the time of the King's trial — S R Madame Roland, his wife G L Duchefne, intendant of Madame — G R General Houchard — G R General Roule G L Gilbert Defvoifms, prefident of the parlia- ment of Paris — G R l^fambcrt, brigadier-general of the repub- lican army — — G D The two iDrothers Raba, Jews of Bour- deaux, worth a million -'•• - G D The mother-in-law of Pethion, the mayor of Paris G R General Brunet — — — G , L Delaverdy, comptroller-general of the fi- nances ' — G L About tiiirty thoiifand French gentlemen emigrated L Near fixty thoufand ecclefiaftlcs tranfported out of France R General la Morliere — — G L I)e Berulle, firfl prefident of ; the parlia- ment of Grenoble — — G D Harrop of London, a merchant in Paris G R Barnave, advocate," ex-conftituent — G R Duport-dutertre, ex-miniiler of juftice — G R Emmery, prefident at the time of admi- niftering the oath; a jew — G L Tbe'Cbuntefs du Barry, raiflrefs of Louis VTT _______ G [ 245 ] D The Duke du Cliatelet, colonel of the French suards — — G R Le Brun, ex-mlnlder of the home depart- ment — — — G D Dietrick, mayor of Stralbourg — G R General Arthur Dillon — G R General Beauregard — — P R Garat, minifLer of the republic — G R ChampfOTt, of the French academy — S R . Hydius, depute fuppleant, /. e. one chofen to fupply a vacancy S R Clavieres, minifter of public contributions S R Luckner, revolutionary marfhal of France. G D The fon of General Cufline, aged 25 years G R General Stengel — — P R Dclomenie, archbiiliop of Sens, decardi- ?mlise, degraded from the dignity of car- dinal — — S L De Champenetre, an officer of the French guards — • — G R General Ferriere — — P D Jolly, ex-minifter of finances — P L Boucher d'Argis, lieutenant criminel au Chatelet de Paris — — G R General la Vallette — -r- P R General O-moran ^ — P R General Beauharnois P R General Ferrand — P R General Landremont P R General Schomberg •- G R General Bcyfler — G C 246 ] R General HedonvlUe — . ■* — F R General Dumefnil — P R General Demars — — P R General Barthelemy — P R General Protaux — — M L Clery, a perfon in the King's confidence I R Anacharfis Cloots, called the orator of mankind — —___«—. Q R Chauvelin, ambalTador in England — P R General Duhoux — P L Some thoufands of viftims at Lyons — G L Similar viftims in thoufands at Toulon — G L The Countefs of Lauraguais — G L The Count of Troullebois, lieutenant-co- lonel — — G L The Prince Jules de Rohan L The Duke and Duchefs of Luynes — L The Duchefs of Montmorency — R General Le Tanducre R General D*Ortoman L De Levis, marfhal of France L The Prince Charles of Heffe D'Armftadt L Gueau de Reverfeau, intendant of the finances -— — G R The Countefs de Genlis — P R General Weflermann — — G L The Duchefs of Richlieu I L Duchaffaud, lieutenant-general of the naval forces — M R La Mourette, intruding bifliop of Lyons G 1 247 ] L Mauffion, Intendant of Rouen -^ G L The Countefs de la Rochefoucault — G R Chapelier, advocate at Rennes, ex-con- flituent — — G R Vifcount de la Roque — -^ G L Count de Chateau-vieux, cordon-rouge G R Charrier de la Roche, intruding bifhop of Rouen — — ^ G R De Quincon, ex-conllituent — G R ' Buffet, ex-conflituent -;— — G R Periffe du Luc, ex-conftituent — • G L The Princefs of MonacQ • — • I L Countefs of Choifeul ^ I R General Carteaux 1 D Count de Choifeul la Baume I L Marquis of Briant, lieutenant-general in the King's army —r- — I L Le Marquis de Pujet G R Hebert, national agent — — G R Roncin, commander of the revolutionary- army — • G R Montmoro, adminiflrator of the depart- ment of Paris G R DubuilTon, commilTary of the executive power G L Comte de Balleroy, lieutenant-general G R Gouttes, intruding bifhop of Autun — G L De Champcenetz, governor of the Tuil- leries — — I R Antonelle, mayor of Aries, ex-conftituent I R General Santerre — — J [ 248 ] R Deforgues, minifter of the republic — 1 R The Abbe d'Efpagnac G L De Chamberon, carmelite of St. Denis G L Dom. Courtin, fuperior general of Clugny G L De I'ourzel, governefs of the royal chil- dren — I L De Tourzel, the fon and daughter of the foregoing — — I L LeComte deQuerhocnt, marcchal du camp G L De Vergennes, formerly minifter of fo- reign affairs — — I L De Vergennes, his fon / — I L La Tour' du Pin, formerly minifter at war I L Madame Chauvelin de la Bourdonnois I L The Duchefs de Charoft — I R Clavieres, brother of the ex-minifler — I L Peiletier de Rofambeau, prefident of the parliament of Paris — — G L Devendeuil, director of the India Company I L Delahaye, farmer-general G L The Abbe Maury, brother of the cardinal of that name G L The Countefs de Suffren , I L The' Count de Raincourt, lieut.-general I R Thouret, advocate of Rouen, ex-confti- tuent — — G J-j The Marquis Delamotte-Senoux — - G L The Marquis de iiu Germain d'Apehon, colonel — G R Pare, ex-minifter of the home-department I li Gobet, intruding bilhop of Paris — G C 249 ] R Chaumette, procureur of la commune de Paris — G R The wife of Camile Defmoulins, the jour- nahft — ~ G R The wife of Montmoro, the firfl goddefs of reafon — ' — G R The wife of Hebert, national agent — G R Grammont, comedian and adjutant in the army • — G R Lacroix, commilTary of the executive power — — G R Chevalier de St. Huruge, a flaming revo- lutionifl — — I L Count D'AubulTon, cordon rouge — I R Van Eupen, a Brabanter G T i-k^ /-.^^ ° ' / A^l four prefidents \ ^ L De Gourgues, f ^^ ^^^ parliament^ ^ L De Champlatreux, f td • J G L D'Orraeffen, ) "^ ^^'^ ( G L The Marquis de la Roche Lambert — I L Madame de Choifeul-Meufe — I L De la Borde, banker to the court — G R General Hoche — — I R The Duke de Bcthune Charoft — G L De Beauffet, lawful bifliop of Alais — I R Selle, infpecl-or-general of the military effefts of the army G L The Countcfs de Montmorin — I R General Ramel — — G R Vincent, national agent -^ G h De Cheville, intendant d'Orleans — I [ 25° ] L Duval D'Efpremenil, counfellor of the parliament of Paris and ex-conflituent G L Madame Joly de Fleury, lady of the ad- vocate-general .r—^ G L De Malflicrbe, counfellor of Hate, and one of the defenders o^ Louis — G L Mademoifclle de Malflierbe — G L Marquis de Chateau Briant — G L The Marchionefs de Chateau Briant — G L Duchefs du Chatelct , Q L Duchefs de Grammont . G L AniiTon du Perron, printer to the King G L Mademoifelle de BethilTy, 1 7 years of age I D The wife of General Schomberg — I R The father of General Santerre — I L The Duke de Villeroy, firft captain of the body-guards _ G R Count D'Eftaing, vice-admiral of France G L Count de la Tour du Pin, lieut.-general G R Count de Bethune Charoft G D Count du Prat, colonel G L De Crofne, intendant of Rouen, and for- merly lieutenant of police at Paris — G L De Nicolai, prefident of the grand council G L Angran, lieutenant civil de Paris — G L The Countefs du BulTy — G L Terray, intendant de Lyon r G L Madame Terray, his lady — G R Coffinel, folicitor of the Queen's trial, and judge of the revolutionary tribunal — • (x [ ^51 ] L Trouffebois de Bellefife, a canonefs, aged 8 1 years — — G R Jourdan, of Avignon, furnamed Coupe- tete G R Grouvelle, agent for Denmark, and re- giftrar of the convention at the time of the King's death — P R Le Flotte, minifter of the republic — I R Du Fourney, a furious jacobin — P L . Marquis de Choifeul la Baum, and his fleward — G L De Willerval, knight of St. Louis — G D Count de Levis, colonel, ex-conftituent G R Picquet, aide-de-camp to General La Fayette — G D The two Taffins, famous bankers in Paris G L* Count de Sombreuil, governor of the in- valids, and his fon G L The Prince de Rohan Rochefort — I D The Comte de Laval Montmorency — I R Servaux, agent to the committee of ge- neral fafety — — I D Mufquinet de la Fage -: G L Gattey, bookfeller in Paris — G P Dc Tolozan, general of brigade — I L Thorin de la Thane, captain in the Swifs guards — I L Gigot Boifbernier, canon of Sens — I L Ariaque de Guybeville, honorary prefident of the parliament of Paris — G J^ Gougenet, governor of the India company G C 252 ] L Du Chilian, marcchal du camp — G L Lc Noir, formerly lieutenant de police in Paris — — Gr R La Ville, ") members of the revolution- f G R La Peize, j ary committee \ G L Duport, counfellor of the parliament of Paris — — G L Camus de la Ribourgere G L The prefident Roland G L The prefident Hocquart — G L The Count de Blin . G L Le pere D'Anquetil, an author — I R Schneider, public accufer at Strafburgh G R General Chapuis I L De Pommeufe, counfellor of the great chamber — G R General Goguet . M R The brother of Hebert, national agent I R The two brothers of the ex-minifler Du- Portail — — G L The Marquis de Jancourt, ex-conftituent G D Almofl all the farmers general — G Madame Elizabeth of France, filler of Louis XVL — '— G L The Count de Sourdeval G D The Count Lomenie de Brienne, minifler of war — — G R De Lomenie, coadjutor of Sens — G R Chevalier de Lomenie . — G p Le Comte de Lomenie, colonel — G L De Serilly, trcafurer at war -^ ""IS C 253 ] L De Serlily, major of Swifs guards — G L Chambertrand, dean and vicar-general of Sens • — — G L The Marchlonefs de I'Aigle — G L The Marchionefs de Senozan — G L The Marchionefs de Cruffot d'Amboife G L The Countefs de Montmorin — . Q L The Coentefs de Rolliiy G L- Madame de Scriliy, aged 51 — G L A great number of religieufes, (nuns) G R Pache, mayor of Paris -^ I R Anfi, ex-Iegiilator — - I L De Beauvilliers, and his wife — I R L*Hui]lier, national agent S L The Count de Laftie I R The brother of General Santcrre — I R Moreau, adjutant of the army — G D De Marguerite, mayor of Nifmes, ex-con- Hituent — — G R General Haxo — S R General Moulin — S L Brillon de St. Cyr, mftitre des comptes G L Seller, auditor of accounts G R General Charbonnier I D Count de L-evis Mirepoix, ex-conflituent G L De Vigneron, prefident of the parliament of Nancy — G R Donadieu, general of brigade G L The Marquis d'Apremont G D The Marquis de Bieville, and his fon — G C 254 ] L The Marquis de Trans Q L The Vifcount de la Vallette — G D William Newton, an Englifliman — - G D The Baron de Marijuerite G L Fourteen members of the parliament of Touloufe — G L The Prince de Rohan Rochefort — G D The Count de Laval Montmorency — G D The Count de Pons G L De Sartine, fon of the heretofore minifler of ftate — — G L Madame de St. Amaranthe G L The Prince de St. Maurice G L The Vifcount de BoilTancourt — G L The widow of Monf. D'Epremenil — G R Michonis, municipal officer of Paris — G L The Count de Mefnil G D Dcfreteau, counfellor of the parliament of Paris, ex-conftituent — — G R Dom. Gerle, a Carthufian, ex-conftituent I R Quevremont, phyfician to Egalite — I D The Marquis de ChalTenet I R The wife, the daughter, and the fon-in- law of the mayor Pache I R Ginguenet, a patriotic poet — — I L De RoiTet, count de Fleury G L The Abbe Tremouille, grand dean of Strafbourg — — G L The Count de Gamaches, ftandard-bearer of the horfe-guards — — G C 255 ] L De Briffeuil, ecclefiaftical counfellor of the great chamber of Paris G L Le BralTeur, formerly intendant of the marine — G L Eleven new members of the parhament of Touloufe — — G L Peruchot, directeur des fermes — G L De Varennes, formerly major of infantry G R The celebrated advocate Linguet — G L Twenty-two young ladies, from 17 to 25 years of age G L De Mouchy, marfhal of France — G L The lady of the Marftial de Mouchy — G L The lady of the Marflial de Biron — G D The widow of the General Biron — G R Viftor de Broglie, ex-conilituent — G L De St. Prieft, brother of the heretofore minifter — G R Phillippe, a deputy fiinpleant — I L The Count de Polaftron G L The Marquis de la Guiche — 1 L Lambert, formerly comptroller-general of the finances — — G L Chamilly, valet de chambre to the King G L Madame du Portal, abbefs of Joui — • G L The Marquis de St. Didier < G R Two of the legionary chiefs of the na- tional guard — G L Pichard, prefident of Bourdeaux — G L Vicq D*Afyr, a celebrated phyfician at Paris G [ <^S6 ] R Du Verger,) ■•<=P"bl.can army | ^ L The Abbe de Salignac de Fenelon, aged 85 years - — G L De Fenelon, fon of the ambaffador at the Hague — — G L De Bacquencourt, counfellor of ftate — G L The duke de Gefvres, cordon bleu — G L The Prince d*Henin, captain of the guards of the Count d'Artois G L De Nicolas, prefident of the chamber of accounts — — — — G L Yfabeau de Mouvel, regiflrar of the par- liament — — G L De la Baurae, raarechal du camp . — G L De Boifgelin, marechal du camp — G L Ten young women not more than twenty years of age — G L Two young men of 1 4 and 1 7 years — L, The Marquis de la Roche du Maine — G L De Giac, maitre de requetes G L The Count de Chaftenier ^ G L DebefTe, bailly de Malthe ' — G L From the 5th to the loth of July, 1794 are reckoned 295 perfons G L The Vifcount de Damas, and his fon — G L De Verdieres, general-officer — G L De L'Aupefpine, canon of St. Claud — G L Random de la Tour, treafurer of the King's Jbioufliold , G jL De Boifgelin, cordon bleu, and his wife G L The Abbe Royer, counfellor of ftate — G L The Abbe Radix, counfellor in ihe par- liament of Paris G L GeoiFroi D'AlTy, caftiier of the general receipts — — G L De Penant, prefident of the chamber of accounts G L De Penant, prefident of the court of Aides, and his fon — '• . G L Dora. Nonan, prior of the Carthufians at Paris — G L The Chevalier de Puyvert, ofEcer of the navy — — G L The fon of the immortal Buffon — G L Macdonald, colonel of the regiment de Foix — G L Rapin Thoyras, captain of artillery — G L De Montarly, captain of infantry — G L Clermontj mayor of Salines, ex-conftituent G R Marcandier, journalift of Paris — G R La Croix, ^member of the committee de Surveillance — G D Imbert, officer of the Marechauffee — G L Le Comte de Faudoas, captain of cavalry G L The daughter of the above, aged eighteen years — G L Souchet d*Alvinant, governor of the King's pages — G L Rouffeau, fencing-mafler to the royal chil- dren — — G C 258 ] L Huct d'Ambrun, maitre de requetes' -— G L La Chapelle, comraijOfary of the King's lioufliold — . G L Sixteen Carmelites of Compeigne — • G L Conin de St. Luc, prefident of the parHa- ment of Bretagne — G R Legris, regiftrar of the revokitionary tri- bunal G L De Blancheland, fon of the governor of St. Domingo, aged 20 years — — G L The lady of the Marilial de Noailles, aged 70 years — — G L The lady of Vifcount de Noailles, aged ^^ G L The Dutchefs d'Ayen, aged ^y years — G L De Talaru, cordon rouge G L The Marquis de la Roche Lambert — G L Boutin, formerly treafurer of the navy G L La Borde, farmer-general G L Laffond des Effarts, chef d'efcadron — G R General de Flers G R GoiTm, ex-conflituent G D The Marchionefs de la Fayette — I L The Baron St. Ouin — G L Perrot, prefident of la Cour des Aides G L Perrot, prefident of the chamber of accompts — G L De la Morelle, prefident of the great council — — G L The fon of Morelle, aged 1 8 years — G L Papillon de la Ferte, comptroller of the privy-purfe — G / C 259 ] L Count de Hauteford , G L De.Ciirboniere, canon and count of St. Claude — — G L Madame de Montmorency, abbefs of Mont- martre G L The lady of Marilial de Levis G JL Marquis d'Harbouville G L The Baronefs d'Hinnifdal G L Tardien-MalelTy, marefchal de camp — G L The Countefs des Vieux G L The wife and daughter of Marefchal Tar- dien Maleffy — — G L The Baron de Blaizel G L D'Ornano, marefchal de camp — G D De Nicolai, fon of the prefident, aged 24 years — — G L Moreau, architecl of the city of Paris — G L Melin, formerly clerk of the war-office G L Geoffrey d'AlTy cafliier-general of the fi- nances G L De la Chalotais, procureur-gcneral of the parliament of Rennes • G L The Count de Mcnil-durand — G L DePernot, marefchal de camp, aged 80 G L Durand de Bignel, colonel of 100 Swifs G h The fon of the Vifcount de Mille — G L Count D'Ailly — G L De Champagney, colonel of the regiment de Flandres — G L De Goudrecourr, lieutenant of the King's guard Q i: 260 3 D Edelman, a celebrated miifician — G L An hundred and fifty-one perfons at Rennes G R The Deputy Le Bas G L The Count de Forcflier Q L The Vifcount de Gavrey G L The Prince de Mont-Bafon de Rohan G R Gouy d'Arcy, ex-noble, ex-conftituent G R Du Salm Kirbourgh, fovereign prince in Germany — — G R General Beauharnois G L Baron Trenck — G R Chenier, author of the tragedy of Gha. IX. G L The Marquis de Montalainbert — G D Crequi de Montmorency -^ G D The Duke de Clermont-Tonnere G L The Marquis de CruiTol d'Amboife — G L The Countefs d'Offun G L De St. Simon, bifliop of Agde — G L The Count de Thiars G L The Countefs de Narbonne Pellet Q L The Princefs Grimaldi-Monaco G L The Marquis d'UlTon G jL The two Trudaines, counfellors of the parliament of Paris Q L The Countefs de Perigord G L The lady of the Marefchal D'Armentieres G L The Comte de Soyecourt G L The Princefs de Chim.ay G L The Marquis de Carcado -. f- Q [ 26i ] R Hauriot, | commandants of tlie armed f G R La Vallette, ) force at Paris | G L The Duke of St. Aignan G L The Duchefs of St. Aignan — G R Dumas, prefident of the revolutionary tri- bunal — — G R Lefcot-Fleuriot, mayor of Paris — G R Payan.^ prefident of the commune de Paris G R Vivier, criminal judge, and prefident of the jacobins — — G R Simon, a (hoe-maker, preceptor to Louis XVII. — — G R Eighty municipal officers of Paris — G R One deputy, a commiffioner with the army G R One patriotic general officer — G R Maximiiien Robefpierre, advocate of Ar- ras, ex-conftitucnt, and member of the convention, who enjoyed for a long time the abfolute power of a di(5lator, aged 35 years — _ _ G R George Couthon, advocate of Clermont, and member of the convention, aged 38 years — — G R De St. ]u([, ex-noble, member of the con- vention, aged 26 years — G R Robefpierre, the younger, advocate of Arras, and member of the convention, aged 27 years — — G R Le Mounier- one of the principal a6lors in the maifu re .,f 2d of September, 1792 G R The Byron df h '^\\dc — G L The Prince de Talmont - — _G [ 262 ] i R Cjcneral La Poype ,**' — 1- L • De Sablonnaj, marech^I dt.camp — G L The Vifcount de i^i'Ieleur , — G L Le Baron de Ciermont-Tonnere — G L The fon of General Precy — G R Caffinel, judge of the revolutionary tri- bunal — ^ — G R Fouquier Tinville, public acaifer — G R Le Bon, deputy of the convention* — G L The Marquis de Beauvoir — G R Guillotin, ex-conflituent w— I R De la Harpe, literateur — I R L'Abbede Lille — — L R Van-Eupen, Braban9on G R General Turreau — p R Carrier, deputy of the convention — G R 1 06 Jacobins of Marfcilles • G R General Dugommier — M R Bouchotte, war minifter I I^ Trial, comedian r G R General Poller — . — M R Admiral Martin — — Q R 130 Jacobins of Lyons M R Goujon, deputy of the convention — 3 L La ?vlarquis de Boifberanger — G R Francoeur, director of the opera — G L Cazault, prefidcnt of the parliament of Bourdeaux . — G L Cormatin, chief of the Chouans — 3 I. The Bifliop of Dol — . -r- M C 263 ] L Le Chevalier de Sombreuil L De Tintinuiac, officer L Le Comte de la VSlleneuve R The General Serrurier L Le Comte de Linange L Le Comte de Colloredo L Le General Stofflet — L Le General Charrette ^ M M G P I I M M jj:^ The Compiler of the foregoing Journal begs leave to acquaint the public, that he ftill continues it, and that he will publifli another volume in due time, if this work fhould be favoured with approba- tion and encouragement. Erratum. P. ^6. 1. penult, for St. Eyor, read St. Cjr, 'I ^- ;d' ^"t ' /» UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE oh the last date stamped below. REC'D LDfUtm "=^^ 'i'RL D?C30 4UM11 1967 OK' liNf S8I UCLA YRL QL SSfi^'^' ^^^'' OCT egefp!^ 1987 CR^ON y c'88 I.DIURL MAY o5 «*» r'n lO-llPL APR EC07'90RlC"D ]^ i^jjo^^ ILL 8 2005 Form L9-32m-8,'58(5876s4)444 L S