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 n Chrysostom 
 
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 The Hunters of Euboea 
 
 

 S^=3ti 
 
DION CHRYSOSTOM 
 
 THE HUNTERS OF EUBOEA 
 
 WITH NOTES BY 
 WILLIAM K. PRENTICE 
 
 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 Experiens non Dianam magis vi07itibus quam 
 Minervam inerrare. 
 
 PLiNr, Ep. I. 6. 
 
 : o^i i .'. 
 
 Boston 
 
 ALLYN AND BACON 
 
 1897 
 
Copyright, 1897, by 
 WILLIAM K. PEENTICE 
 
 ■t • * • 
 
 Norlviooti ^vrss 
 
 J. S. Gushing & Co. — Berwick & Smith 
 Norwood Mass. U.S.A. 
 

 INTRODUCTION 
 
 The text here presented is a part of Oration VII. 
 of Dion Chrysostom, on the miseries of city life. 
 The formal discussion of this theme is confined 
 to the second half of the oration, and has been 
 omitted from this book. There remains the story 
 of the hunters of Euboea, used by the orator to 
 introduce the subsequent argument, and yet in- 
 tended to be, like Hogarth's paintings, an argument 
 
 in itself. 
 
 Dion, the son of Pasicrates, was born in Prusa 
 of Bithynia, about the year 40 a.d. The Emperor 
 Cocceius Nerva honored him with the name of 
 Cocceianus; his admirers called him Chrysostom, 
 or Golden-mouthed, distinguishing him from his 
 grandson Dion Cassius, the historian. His parents 
 were of the noblest families in Prusa, and not only 
 gave him a careful education, but secured for him 
 a prominent position when he became of age. 
 Perhaps he was too" impetuous or too sharp-tongued, 
 for he soon drew upon himself the disfavor of his 
 
 ill 
 
 411490 
 
iv INTRODUCTION 
 
 fellow-townsmen. He felt obliged to leave home, 
 and settled for a time in Egypt, and afterwards, 
 during the reign of Vespasian or of Titus, in Rome, 
 where he became intimate with the members of the 
 royal household.^ 
 
 Dion was exiled by Domitian. At the beginning 
 of Oration XII. he says : " It was my misfortune 
 to be banished for my reputed friendship with a 
 man ^ who was no scoundrel, but was rich and akin 
 to the emperor, and lost his life on that account." 
 After the death of Domitian he was recalled to 
 court by Nerva, who was his personal friend. Trajan 
 admired him also, and once, riding with the orator 
 in the emperor's chariot, said to him : " I do not 
 know what you say; but I love you as myself." ^ 
 In his old age Dion returned to his native town of 
 Prusa, for which he had already obtained many bene- 
 fits through his influence at the capital, and there 
 he seems to have lived until his death about 117 a.d. 
 
 In his exile Dion travelled widely, disguising him- 
 self in a beggar's dress, his only baggage two books, 
 Plato's Phaedo and Demosthenes' Oration on the Em- 
 bassy; and collected on his travels much of the ma- 
 
 1 Arno Breitung : Das Lehen des Die Chrysostomus, 
 Progr. Gebweiler, 1887. 
 
 2 Probably Flavius Sabinus, who was killed in 82 a.d. 
 8 Philostratus. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 terials for his later works. For he was a rhetorician 
 by profession, and, like Cleombrotus the Spartan, 
 " collected history as the material for philosophy, the 
 end of which is ' theology,' as he called it." Seventy- 
 nuie of these works are extant. They are called 
 orations : they are rather lectures, on travel, on 
 mythology, on literary and artistic criticism, on 
 ethics, and on religion.^ Some, like the Praise of 
 the Gnat, and the Proof that Troy was never Cap- 
 tured, betray the sophist in him. But later in his 
 life he forswore sophistry and avowed himself a 
 philosopher, an eclectic like most of his contem- 
 poraries, but inclining towards the school of the 
 Cynics,2 as his orations on Diogenes show. Finally 
 he was a moralist, a " lay preacher " as he has been 
 called, and harangued, in the various cities to which 
 he came, against the vices and follies of the age. 
 
 In this last-mentioned role Dion wrote Oration 
 VII. He seems to address himself particularly to 
 the Greeks, whose cu'cumstances were very different 
 from those of their ancestors in the . classical period. 
 Greece was now only a Roman province. Its popu- 
 lation was vastly diminished because of the multi- 
 tudes who had gone to build the new cities founded 
 
 1 Paul Hagen : Quaestiones Dioneae, Diss. Kiel, 1887. 
 
 2 Ernest Weber: De Dione Chrysostomo Cynicorum 
 Sectatore, Diss. Leipzig, 1887. 
 
VI INTRODUCTION 
 
 by Alexander and his successors, and because of the 
 desolating civil wars which followed the breaking 
 up of the Macedonian empire. Enormous fortunes 
 had been made in the East; while those who had 
 remained at home were impoverished. Money was 
 concentrated in the hands of a few. A total change 
 of manners ensued: the rich became luxurious, the 
 poor hardened, and the sharpest lines between classes 
 were drawn. The rich were forced to bear the bur- 
 dens of the government and to subsidize the poor 
 in order to keep them in check. Election to office 
 meant misfortune if not ruin. On the other hand, 
 the common people, dependent on these subsidies, 
 had become idle, restless, and greedy. So far as 
 self-government was allowed to the Greek cities, the 
 proletariat ruled, under the leadership of unscrupu- 
 lous demagogues. Lastly, the population was massed 
 in the cities. This was perhaps the greatest evil 
 of all, and has become notorious in our own time. 
 It led to two immediate results, — the blighting of 
 the country districts and the congestion of city life. 
 These evils, discussed in the remainder of the 
 piece, are mirrored in our story. No one believes that 
 the story is an account of facts, although its author 
 begins with what Mr. Mahaffy calls " the traditional 
 falsehood of all good story-tellers, that the thing 
 actually happened to himself." Some of his charac- 
 
INTRODUCTION vil 
 
 ters are idealized, aud the contrasts which he dra\Y3 
 are certainly extreme. But if his hunters are less 
 true to life than the shepherds of Theocritus, they 
 are not less entertaining, although created with a 
 nobler purpose than to entertain the idlers of an 
 idle court; and the scenes described give a fair 
 impression of certain characteristics of that age, 
 corresponding very nearly to what may be learned 
 from Plutarch and the journeys of St. Paul. 
 
 In the main the author's narrative is easily 
 understood. His style is simple and direct. With 
 the so-called Atticists he sought to revive the classic 
 standard of language. His words are used com- 
 monly in their classical signification, while idioms 
 peculiar to post-classical Greek are to a large degree 
 avoided. The middle voice, the optative mood, the 
 negative ov, and even the dual, are employed. Wil- 
 helm Christ, in his History of Greek Literature, gives 
 this criticism: "Dion was not accounted by Philos- 
 tratus and the critics of sophistry among the first 
 great lights of sophistical eloquence ; he lacked their 
 brilliant phrases; he had too much philosophical 
 intent and unadorned fidelity to nature. Yet as a 
 stylist he is not to be despised ; he took as his model 
 the clear simplicity of Xenophon, and realized this 
 happily in the stories and fables which are intro- 
 duced into his works." 
 
viii INTRODUCTION 
 
 The aim of this little book has been to make a 
 very charming bit of Greek prose ^ accessible to 
 those who may have the opportunity to wander a 
 little from the ordinary track of classical studies. 
 Inasmuch as such reading is likely to be in the 
 nature of an extra course, the effort has been made 
 to present the Greek in the simplest form possible. 
 In the main the text is that of J. von Arnim, Berlin, 
 1893-96. The editions of Reiske, Leipzig, 1798, and 
 Morel, containing the scholia of Casaubon and the 
 Latin translation of Nageorgus (Kirchmaier), Paris, J \ 
 1601, as well as Geel's edition of Oration XII., 
 Leyden, 1840, and the German translation of this 
 piece by Golisch (Programm), Schweidnitz, 1883, have 
 also been of service. My indebtedness to the works 
 mentioned on page 32 may be estimated from the 
 frequency of the references to them in the notes. 
 Exceptions which have been taken to von Arnim's 
 text have been chiefly by way of closer adherence 
 to the manuscripts themselves, and all important 
 differences have been mentioned. Explanations of 
 the difficulties and allusions of the text, together 
 with the meanings of unusual words, have been 
 given, and examples of Dion's Atticism noticed. 
 Lastly, in matters of syntax, very full grammatical 
 references have been furnished. 
 
 1 American Journal of Philology, Vol. XIV., p. 521 f. 
 
INTRODUCTION ix 
 
 Three books deserve especial mention to the stu- 
 dents of Dion Chrysostom. These are J. P. Mahaffy: 
 The Greek World under Roman Sway, London, 1890; 
 Erwin Rohde : Der Griechische Roman und seine 
 Vorldufer, Leipzig, 1876 ; and Wilhelm Schmid : Der 
 Atticis7nus in seinen Hauptvertretern von Dionysius von 
 Halikarnass his auf den zweiten Philostratus, Stuttgart, 
 1887-96. 
 
 Finally, I wish to express my thanks to Professor 
 
 S. R. Winans, at whose suggestion this work was 
 
 undertaken, and by whose advice it has profited 
 
 throughout. 
 
 W. K. P. 
 Princeton, N.J., March, 1897. 
 
CHAPTER I 
 
 THE SHIPWRECK 
 
 Dio7i apologizes for telling of a personal experience. 
 
 TOAE firjv avm IScov, ov Trap' erepav aKOvaa^^ 
 BiTjy^o-o/JLai. Laco'^ yap ov jjlovov TrpecrfivrtKov 
 TroXvXoyia Kal to /jirjSeva BtcoOelo-Oai paSico^ 
 tS)v ifjLTnTTTovTayv Xoycov, Trpo? Se rw irpeo-fBv- 
 TLKcp Tvyov av elrj Kal aXrjTiicov. atriov Be, 5 
 oTt TToWa Tvypv aiK^orepoi ireTrovOaaiv, wv 
 ovK ar}Bco<^ /jbefivrjVTai. ipo) B' ovv o'lol^ av- 
 BpdaL Kal oVTLva ^lov fwcrt (TVPejSaXov iv fxear] 
 a')(eB6v Tt TT) 'EXXaSt. 
 
 Dion is wrecked on the coast of Euhcea. The crew go off 
 by themselves, and he is left alone. 
 
 *YiTv>y')(avov jxev airo ^lov TrepaLov/jLevo'; fxerd 10 
 TLVcov dXtecov e^co tt)? depivrj^ wpa^ iv puKpw 
 TravreXm aKariw. 'xeijioivo^ Be yevofievov ')(^a- 
 XeTTCo? Kal fJLoXi^; BieadiOrj^iev irpo^ rd KolXa tt)? 
 EuySoia? • TO fjiev Brj aKdriov ek rpax^ nva 
 alytaXov vtto toI<; Kpr)pLVoh eKpaX6vTe<^ Bte- 15 
 
AltWOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 (l>6eipav^ avTol 8e arre'xaipricrav irpo^ TLva<; irop- 
 (f>vp€l<i v(f)opiJLOVvra'; eTrl rfj 7rXr)aiov XV^V"* 
 KaK€iVOi<i avvepyd^eadac Sievoovvro avTOV yce- 
 vovT€<}. /caraXeLcjyOeh Brj fiovo^^ ovk e^o^v ek 
 5 Tiva ttoXlv crcodrjao/JLaL^ irapa rrjv OdXarrav 
 aXXft)? i'7r\avco/Ji7]V^ et ttov Ttva<; rj irapairXe- 
 ovTa<; rj opjiovvra^ lBoi/jll. 
 
 He finds a deer at the foot of the cliff. Sooii a hunter 
 appears on the scene. 
 
 lIpoe\r)\v6a}<i Be (tv^vov avdpcoircov fxev ovhe- 
 
 va eaypcov • eVtrf 7%az^ft) Be iXd^cp vecoarl icara 
 
 10 Tov KpijfjLVOv TTeTTTWKOTL TTap avTr]V TTjv pu^^av, 
 
 VTTO T(OV fCV/JLClTCOV TTaLOfieVM^ (f)V(TCt)VTi €Tt. Kol 
 
 /jL6t oXiyov eBo^a v\aKr]<^ a/covcrai kvvmv dvco- 
 6ev /jloXl^; tto)? Bta tov yx^v tov cltto tt)? OoXclt- 
 TTj^. TrpoeXOwv Be /cal irpo^a^; irdvv ;j^aXe7rw? 
 
 15 7r/30? Tt v-yjrrjXbv tov<; re fcvva<; opo) '^TroprjfJLevov; 
 ical BiaOeovTa^, v(f) wv ettca^ov airo^iaaOev to 
 ^(pov aXeaOai /caTa tov Kprfpivov^ kol peT oXi- 
 yov avBpa^ KVvi]yeTr)V airo Trj<; oyjreco'i fcal r?}? 
 CTToXrj^, TCL yeveta vyLrj^ Kop.o)VTa ov (j)avX(o<; 
 
 20 ovBe ayevv(o<; e^oirtcrOev, o'iOV<^ eirl "IXtov "O/jltj- 
 p6<; <j>7]aLV iXOelv JLv0o€a<;., o-fcayirTcov., ifjLol Bo- 
 Kelv, Kol KaTayeXcov, otl tCov dXXcov 'A^atwz^ 
 
KTNHrOS 
 
 KaXco^ ixovTCOV ol he ef r^jjiiaov^ e/cofxcov. koX 
 09 avjjpcora fie, 'A\X' ?}, w ^elve, rrjhe irov 
 (f)6vyovTa eXa(f)OV Karevorjaa^ ; fcaycb tt/jo? av- 
 TOP, 'E/cetz^o?, e(f)y]i', ev rep fcXvhcovc jjhi] • Kal 
 ayaycov eSet^a. eXicvcra^ ovv avrov e'/c tt)? 5 
 OaXdrrrj^ to re hepfxa e^eSeLpe (xaxa^pct^ KUfiov 
 ^vXXafi^dvovTO<^ ocrov olo'^ re -qv, Kal rcov aKeXoiv 
 aTTOTefJLoov ra oTrlaOta i/cofju^ev dfia rw hepfxarL. 
 
 The hunter invites Dion to his house. 
 
 UapeKciXei he Kafie cjvvaKoXovOelv Kal avve- 
 aTLaaOac tmv Kpecov elvat he ou /xaKpav rrjv lO 
 oiKrjcnv. "ETretra ecodev Trap' rjfjilv, ecfyrj, KOLp,rj- 
 OeU ^fet? iirl rrjv OdXarrav, w? rd ye vvv ovk 
 earc irXoiiia. Kal per) touto, etTre, (fyo/S-qdrj^. 
 l3ovXoLpL7]V 8' av eycoye Kal fierd irevre rj/xepa^ 
 Xrj^aL Tov dvefJLOV • aXX' ou pdhiov, elirev, orav 15 
 ovTco<; iTiecrOrj rd aKpa Tr}<; Evfioia^ vtto tcov 
 ve<j)(ov oj? ye vvv KareLXTj/JLfjieva 6pa<^. Kal dfxa 
 rjpcora fJLe oiroOev hr) Kal otto)? eKel KaTT)vexOr)v, 
 Kal el fJLT) htecpOdpr] to irXolov. MiKpbv rjv 
 Trai^reXw?, e(t)r)V, dXiecov nvcjv TrepaLov/xevcov, 20 
 Kayci) fjLovo^; ^vveirXeov vrro crTTOf S?)? Tivo<;. hte- 
 (f)ddpr] h' 6p.a)^ eirl ti)v yrjv eKTreaov. Ovkovv 
 pdhiov, e(j)ri, dXXco^ • opa yap m dypta Kal 
 
AlfiNOS TOT XPTS02T0M0T 
 
 (jKXrjpa T?5? vr)(TOV ra tt/oo? to ireXayo^. TaOr', 
 elirev^ earl ra KolXa t?)? ^v^oia'^ Xeyo/xeva, 
 OTTOV Kareve^^delaa vav<^ ovk av en acoOeLrj • 
 (TTravLco^ Se aw^ovrat /cat roiv avOpdnrcov rii^e?, 
 
 5 el fJLT) apa^ (oairep vfxel^^ eXa^pol iravreXoi^ 
 7rX€0VT€<;. aXX^ Wi koI fjujBev Beicry^;. vvv fxev 
 i/c tt)? KaKOiraOeia^ avaKT'^ar) aavrov eh avpiov 
 Se, o Ti av fj Svvarov^ iirLfieXr^aofieda o7r(o^ 
 a(odfj<;^ eireihri ae eyvcoiiev aira^. BokeU Be 
 
 10 /jioi T(bv aaTLKwv elvai rt?, ov vavrr]^ ovB" 
 epydrrjf;^ dXXa dXXrjv rivd daOeveiav rov aco- 
 fiarof; daOevelv eoLKa<; diro tt}^ la')(v6Tr)T0<^. 
 
 And Dion accepts witliout apprehension, for he has found 
 that poverty is a good passjmrt. 
 
 'E7W Be d(Tfievo<; r]KoXov6ovv • ov yap ein^ov- 
 XevOrjvai irore eBeiaa^ ovBev e'xfov rj (j)avXov 
 
 15 IfjbcLTLov. Kal TToXXaKLf; iJLev Br) Kal dXXore 
 eireipdOrjv ev rot? TotovTOi<; KatpoU, are ev dXrj 
 avve')(el^ drdp ovv Brj Kal t6t€ (09 eaTi nrevia 
 ')(^priiJLa Tft) ovTL lepov Kal davXov^ Kal ovBel<; 
 dBiKei, TToXv <ye rjTTOV r) tou<; rd KrjpvKeca 
 
 20 €XOVTa<; ' ft)9 Brj Kal Tore OappSiV eiTrofirjv. rjv 
 Be (T')(eB6v Ti irepl rerTapdKovra ardBta tt/jo? 
 
 TO ')((t)piOV. 
 
KTNHrOS 
 
 CHAPTER II 
 
 THE HUNTER'S STORY 
 
 As they walk to the house the hunter talks to Dion about 
 himself; his one neighbor^ loho is his brother-in-loM ; 
 their parents^ and the circumstances of their early life. 
 
 'fi? ovv €l3aSi^o/JL€v, Bujryelro (jlol Kara rrjv 
 oSov ra avTou TTpdy/jiara koI tov ^iov ov e^rj 
 jULera yvvatKo<i avrou koI Traihcov. 
 
 'H^et? 7a/o, e(^^, Bvo eV/xeV, &> feVe, tov 
 avTov oIkovvt€<; tottov. e^ofiev Be <yvvalKa<; 5 
 dWrjXcov dSeXcjydf; Koi iralBa^ ef avrcov viov<; 
 Kol Ovyarepa^. ^cofjiev Be airo 6r)pa<^ w? to 
 
 TTOiXv^ /JLtKpOV Ti T?)? 7^9 i7r€pya^6/J,€VOl. TO 
 
 rydp ')((opiov ovK, e<JTLV rjixeTepov^ ovTe iraTpwov 
 ovT€ 7]IjL6l<^ eKTTjcrdfjLeda^ dWd rjaav ol iraTepe'^ lo 
 rjfjLOiV iXevOepot fxev^ 7rev7]Te<; Be oi);^ t/ttov tj^jloov, 
 fjLio-Oov /SovKoXoi^ /8o{}<? ve/jL0VT6^ dvBpo(; fJiaKapLov 
 TO)V ivOevBe tivo<^ ek tt)? vrjaou, TroWa? /mev 
 dy€Xa<; kol lttttcov /cat ^oo)V /c€KTr]fjLevov, iroX- 
 \a? Be TToZ/ii^a?, KaXov<; Be koi ttoXXov; aypov<;, 15 
 TToXXd Be aXXa 'y^prjfiaTa^ ^vfXTravTa Be TavTa 
 TCL opr). ov Br) d7rodav6vTO<i koi Tr](; ovcrla<i 
 BrjixevdeidT)^ (^(paal Be koi avTov diroXeadai Btd 
 
6 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 ra ')(^p7]fjLaTa viro rov /SacrtXeco^^ rrjv fxev dyeXrjv 
 €vdv<; cLTnjXaaav^ wcrre KaraKoyjraL^ tt/oo? Be rfj 
 dyeXrj koX ra y/jtirepa drra /SolBta, Koi rbv 
 /jllctuop OL/oet? aTTOoeocoKev. rore fiev or) e^ 
 5 avdyKTj^; avTov KarefieLvafiev^ ovirep iTV')(^o/ji€V 
 ra? ySov? exovT€<: Kal riva^ (TKr)vd<; irGiroirjfxevoL 
 Kal av\r)v Bed ^vXcov ov fiejdXrjv ovBk lor'xypdv^ 
 ix6(7')((tyv eveKev^ (W9 dv olfjuac Trpo? avro irov to 
 Oepo<i. Tov fJLev yap ')(eLfJb(i)vo<^ iv toI<; TreSt'ot? 
 10 ive/jio/jL€V<f vofjL7)v iKavrjv e^ovTef; teal iroXvv '^cXbv 
 diroKelp^evov • tov Be depov^ dir'qXavvoixev eh Ta 
 oprj. ixaXidTa B' ev tovtw tuj totto) aTadfiov 
 eiroiovvTo. 
 
 The farm. 
 
 To re yap ')((opLov diroppvTov eKaTepcodev^ 
 15 (f)dpay^ ^aOela Kal crvaiao^^ koi Bid fieaov 
 TTOTafjLOf; ov Tpa'^v^;^ dX'X! co? paaTO^ ifJLjSrjvai 
 Kal ^ovctI Kal ix6(T')(0L<i^ TO Be vBcop ttoXv Kal 
 KaOapov^ are t^)? 7r7]yrj<; eYYU? dvaBiBovaT]^;,^ Kal 
 TTvevfJLa TOV Oepov^ del Btairveov Bed Trj(; (pdpay- 
 20 70? • oIl Te irepLKelfxevoL Bpv/iol iiaXaKol koI 
 KaTappVTOL^ rfKLara /xev olarpov Tpi^ovTe^^ 
 rjKKTTa Be dXXrjv Tivd /3Xd/3r]v ^ovctL iroXXol 
 Be Kal irdyKaXoi Xec/xa)ve<; viro vyjnjXolfi Te Kal 
 
KTNHrOS 
 
 dpaLoh BevSpeacv avetpLevoi^ kol irdvra f^eara 
 ^ordvT]^ 6v0a\ov<; Bt 6\ov rod Oepov^^ Mare fxr] 
 iroXvv ifKavdaBaL tottov. mv Stj eveKa (Tvvrjdco^ 
 CKel KadiCTTaaav rrjv d'yekrjv. 
 
 A farmer'' s life — in summer. 
 
 Kat Tore e^eivav iv rah (TK7]vah^ /^e%pt dv 5 
 €vp(00-c fMLaOov TLva rj epyov, koI hLerpd(^r](Tav 
 airo ^(oplov /jLLfcpov TravreXm, o erv^ov elp- 
 yacr/JLevot TrXyaiov rod (jradfiov ' rovro re 
 eirripKeaev avrol^ iKav(o<;^ are Koirpov iroWrjf; 
 ivov(7r)<;. Kol (T^^oXrjv dyovTC^ diro tmv /Sowv 10 
 Trpo? 6y]pav erpdirrjcrav^ to fxev avrol, to Be 
 KOL fierd Kvvojv. Bvo yap tmv eirofxevwv rat? 
 ^ovaLV, (09 Brj fxaKpdv rjcrav ovy^ 6po)VT€<; Tov<i 
 vo/jLel<;<, vTrecTTpeyjrav eVl tov tottov KaToXi- 
 TTOVTe^ TTjv dyeXtjv. ovtol to pblv irpooTou 15 
 crvvrjKoXovdovv avTol<i, coarrep eir dXXo tl • Kai 
 Tovf; fiev XvKOV<; owoTe 'tBocev, iBlcoKov fJ^e^pi' 
 Tiv6<;, avcov Be rj eXdcfxov ovBev avTol<; e/xeXev. 
 el Be TTore iBocev tcov dvdpcoTrcov Tiva oyjre koI 
 irpcp^ avvKTTd/jLevoL vXaKTOVV re koI rjfjLvvov, 20 
 wairep dv el Trpo? dvdpwirov ep^d^ovTO. yevo- 
 fievoL Be TOV aLfJLaTO<; koX avcov Kal iXd(f)(ov koX 
 Tojv Kpecov 7roXXdKi<; €cr6L0VTe^, o-v/re fieTa/Mav- 
 
8 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 6dvovTe<; Kpeaatv dvrl fJLd^7j<^ rjhea-Qai^ t6)V fiev 
 ifiTTOfiTrXd/JievoL^ €c nrore aXoiij rt, ottote Be fi^, 
 7reLvo)vre<s^ fidWov 1)^7] rco tolovto) irpoaeZ^ov^ 
 KOI TO <j>aiv6fJLevov iBtoofcov irdv Oyaoto)?, Kai 
 5 ocr/bLrjf; dfiyyeTrrj kol i^vov<; fjaddvoVTO^ Kav 
 aTreffrjaav dvrl (BovkoXwv tolovtoI TiV€<; os^ri- 
 ixadel^ fcal /SpaSvrepot drjpevTuL 
 
 — And in winter. 
 
 'K.eifXMVO'^ he iirekdovro'^ epyov [lev ovSev rjv 
 7r€(f)r]vo<; avTot^.^ ovre et? darv Kara^dcriv ohre 
 
 10 et9 Kcoatjv Tivd. (f^pa^d/jLevoi Be ra? CTKrjvd^i 
 iiT ifieXearepov koI ttjv avXrjv irvKVorepav ttolj]- 
 o-a^'re?, ovray^ hieyevovro^ koI to ')(wpLov i/celvo 
 irdv elpydcravro., Koi Tr)<; Srjpa^ 97 ')(^eL/JLepLvr) 
 pdcov iyiyvero. Ta yap tX^V ^civepwrepa^ co? 
 
 15 a z^ iv vypcp rw eSa^et o-rj/jLatvo/jLeva • ?; Be ^twz^ 
 Kal Trdvv TrjXavyrj Trape^^L^ coare ovBev Bel 
 ^r}TovvTa TTpdyfiaTa e^j^iv^ (ocrirep oBov ^epovcrr]^ 
 eiT aura, Koi Ta drjpia /jidXXov tl vTrojievei 
 oKVovvTa ' ecTTi B^ eTi Kal Xay(o<; Kal BopKdBa<; 
 
 20 eV Tat9 €vval<; KaTaXafx/Sdvetv. ovt(o<; Brj to 
 diT eKeivov Bieixeivav^ ovBev €tl it poaBerjO eyre's 
 dXXov (3iov. Kal 7]fjLlv avvi^ev^av yvvalKa<i 
 Tol<; dXXrjXcov vieatv eKarepo^; T7]P avrov Ovya- 
 
KTNHrOS 
 
 repa, reOvi^Kacn he d/jLcfiOTepot irepvai a^eSov, 
 ra fiev errj ttoWol \€yovT€<i a ^e^twKeaav^ 
 Lcr-^vpol Be ere Koi veoc koI yevvaloi ra oroopiaTa. 
 TOdV he p^7]T€pC0V 7] epLr) TreplecTTLV. 
 
 CHAPTER III 
 
 THE TOWN MEETING 
 
 The hunter continues his story. — Once he received a visit 
 from the tax-collector, and was summoned to appear 
 in court. 
 
 O p,ev ovv 6Tepo<i rjpuMV ovBeTrcoTrore et? 5| 
 ttoXlv Karefir), TrevrrjKOvra err) yeyovo)^ • eyoo \ 
 he hU fxovov^ aira^ puev en iraU puera tov | 
 irarpo^y oirrivlKa frrjv dyeXrjv etp^Oyttei/. varepov 
 he TJKe Tt9 dpyvpiov alrcov, coaTre p'e'^ovTci^ ri, 
 /ceXeixov dtcoXovOelv ek rrjv iroXtv. r]puv he lo 
 dpyvpiov puev ovk rjv^ d\X dirwpiocrdpLr^v puy 
 execv ' kl he p^rj^ hehcoKevat av. i^evlaapev he 
 avTov &)? ehvvdpLeOa KaWiara, koi hvo iXd<f)eLa 
 hepp^ara ehoi/capLev • Kdyco i^KoXovdrjaa et? t'^v 
 ttoXlv. kcpT) yap dvdyKrjv elvau tov erepov 16 
 iXdecv Koi hchd^ac irepl tovtcov. 
 
10 AlfiNOS TOT XPT20ST0M0T 
 
 A countryman^s description of the town, the court-house, 
 and the court. 
 
 EZSoz^ ovv^ ola /cal Trporepov^ OLKia^; TroXXa? 
 
 j Koi /JL€yd\a<; Ka\ T6'1')(o^ e^codev Kaprepov, koI 
 
 ? olKYjixard rtva v'^rfXa koI rerpdycova iv rw 
 
 rel'^ec (tov^; 7rvpyov<^^^ kol ifkola irdXXa op- 
 
 6 fjLovuTa axTirep iv Xl/jlvtj (iv T(p XtyueVt) Kara 
 TToWrjv rjav^iav. tovto Se ivOdSe ovk €<ttiv 
 ovBa/jLOV^ OTTOV KaT7]V6)(^9r)(; • kol Bta tovto al 
 vrje<; airoWuvTai,. TavTa ovv idopcov., fcal ttoXvv 
 o)(\ov iv TavTM avvetpy/xevov koi dopv^ov 
 
 10 d/jLij')(^avov fcal Kpavyrjv • wcrre ijJbol ihoKOVV 
 Trai/re? fJid^eaOai dWrjXoi^. ayei ovv fxe irpo^; 
 Tiva<; ap')(0VTa<;^ Kal elire ye\o)V^ Ovto<; iaTCV<, 
 e(f> ov fie €7r€f^yfraT6. e^ei oe ovoev et /jlt) ye 
 T7)V KOfxrjv Kal crfC7]vr}v jidXa LO")(vp(ov ^vXcov. 
 
 15 01 Be dp')(^ovTe(; et? to OeaTpov ifidBt^ov, Kayco 
 (Tvv avTOL<;. to Be OeaTpov idTiv coa-irep^ (pd- 
 pcLy^', kolXov, TrXrjv ov [xaKpov eKaTepoyOev^ dXXa 
 cTTpoyyvXov i^ rj/nLaovf;, ovk avTO/xaTOV.) dXX 
 ^KoBo/ji7]/jLevov XldoL<;. tcrct)9 Be fiov KaTayeXa<;, 
 
 20 OTt aroL Biriyovfiai cra^w? elBoTL TavTa. rrpoiTOV 
 fjLev ovv TToXvv Ttva y^povov dXXa tlvcl eirpaTTev 
 6 6^Xo<;, Kal i^ocov iroTe [lev irpaw^ Kal IXapol 
 
KTNHrOS 11 
 
 . — jc 
 
 7raz/T69, eiraivovvre'^ riva<i, irore he a(\>6hpa Kal 
 
 6pyiXco(;. r/v 8e tovto %a\e7roi^ to rrj^ 6p<yrj<; | 
 
 avTOiV ' Kal Tou? avOpoiTrov^ evdv^ i^eTrXrjTTOV | 
 
 oh dveKpayov oxrre ol fJLep avrwv TrepLTpixopre^ | 
 
 iBeovTo, 01 Se ra IfidrLa eppiTrrovv vtto toO 4 
 
 <f)6^ov. iyo) Se Kal avTO<; dira^ oXtyov Kare- | 
 
 Tveaov VTTO t% Kpavyr]^^ ioairep KXvhtDVO^ i^al- ^ 
 
 <f)vr](i rj ^poiny)^ iirippayelaT]^. dXXoL Be nve^ | 
 
 dvOpcoTTOt Trapiovre^, ol 5' e'/c jxeawv dvLard- f 
 
 fievoi., BieXeyovTO tt/oo? to ttXt)^©?, ol fiev oXiya 10 
 
 p7]fjLaTa^ ol Be 7roXXov<; X6yov<;. Kal tmv fiev | 
 
 rjKOVov iroXvv nva y^povov^ toU Be i'x^aXeTratvov I 
 
 evdv^ (fydey^a/xepoL^ Kal ovBeypv^eLV eTrirpeirov. y 
 
 The trial. Argument for the prosecution : the hunters 
 have grown rich on public lands ; they pKiy no taxes; 
 to allow this icoulcl be to establish a bad precedent ; 
 they are probably bad characters; the defendant is 
 trying to deceive the people by appearing before them 
 dressed as if he were really poor. The hunter icas 
 badly frightened. 
 
 'Evrel Be KaOearaadv irore Kal i)avx^cL eye- 
 vero, iraprjyayov Kafxe. Kal elire tl<;., Ol'to? 15 
 ianv., o) dvBpe<;, twz^ KapirovfJLevwv rrjv Brjixoaiav 
 yy)v TToXXd err), ov pl6vo<; avro^;, dXXa Kai o 
 irarrjp avTOv Trporepov, Kal Karave/jLovac ra 
 
12 AmNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 r)fi€T€pa oprj kol yecopyovai koI OrjpeuovaL Kai 
 oiKLa^; ivcpKoSofjiijKacrL TroWa? Kal afXTreXov^; 
 i/jLirecjiVTevKaaL Kal aXKa ttoWcl e^ovatv dyaOd-, 
 0VT6 TL/jLr)v KaTal3a\6vT€<; ovBevl Tr]<i 7% ovre 
 
 5 Bcopedv irapa rod Srjfiov XajSovre^;. virep rtVo? 
 yap dv Kal eka^ov ; e')(0VTe^ he rd rj/JLerepa Kal 
 7rXovTovpT€(; ovre XeiTOvpylav ircoTrore iXecrovp- 
 yrjaav ovhefilav ovre fiolpdv rtva vTToreXovaL 
 tS)v ytyvofJLevcov, dXX^ areXet? Kal dXeiTovpyrjTOL 
 
 10 hiareXovG-iV^ Mairep evepyerai r^? TroXeo)?. 
 ol/iai 8e, €(f)r}, /XTjBe iXrjXvOevaL irdnroTe avrovf; 
 ivOdSe. KdycD dvevevaa. 6 Be o^Xo<; eyeXacrev^ 
 ft)? eJSe. Kal 6 Xeycov eKelvo'^ wpyiaOi) eirl tw 
 yeXcoTL, Kal fJLOL iXotBopelro. eTretra eTnarpi- 
 
 15 yjra^;, Et ovu, e(j)r], BoKec ravra ovtcd^^ ovk dv 
 (})6dvoL/jiev uTravref; rd KOLvd BiapirdaavTe^^^ 01 
 fiev rd '^pijjjLara rrj^; TroXeo)?, oicnrep afxeXei Kai 
 vvv iToiovai TLveg^ ol Be rrjv '^oopav KaraveL/jid- 
 fxevoL fir) ireiaavre'^ v/Jid'?^ edv eTnrpeyjnjre rolf; 
 
 20 6r}pL0L<; TOVTOi<; TrpoiKa eyjetv irXeov rj '^iXia 
 TrXedpa yrj<; tt}? dpt(7T7]<;^ odev vfilv ean Tpel<; 
 '^olvLKa<; 'Arrt/ca? alrov Xa/i^dveiv Kar dvBpa. 
 eyu) Be aKovaa'^ eyeXaaa ocrov iBvva/jirjv fxeyi- 
 arov. TO Be 'ttXtjOo'^ ovKer eyeXcov^ cocnrep 
 
 25 TTporepov, dXX' idopv/Sovv. 6 Be dvOpwrro'^ (0 
 
KTNHrOS 13 
 
 e/jLe elirev^ 'Opare rrjv elpcovelav koX Tr)v v/Sptv 
 Tov Ka6dpiJLaT0<;^ &)<? KarayeXa irdvv 6paaeo)^ ; 
 ov drrdyeiv oXiyov Seco koI tov kolvwvov avrov. 
 TTVvddvopLat yap Svo elvai tol"? KOpV(j)aLov<; rcov 5 
 KaT€L\7](j)6T(ov diTacrav a^e^ov rrfv iv roU opeac 
 ycopav. ol/xai yap avroi)^ fjbrjSe tmv vavayicov 
 aireyeadat rwv e/cdarore iKTriTrrovrcov^ virep 
 avrdf; <T')(eh6v tl ra? K.a(f>7)plSa(; olKOvvra^;, 
 TToOev yap oi/rw? iroXvreXec^; dypoix;^ fxaXkov 10 
 he 6\a<; KcoijLa<; KarecTKevdaavTO Kal roaovrov 
 ttXtJ^o? /3o(T/C7]fjLdrcov /cal ^evyrj Kal dvhpdiroha ; 
 Kal v/jLeU Be tVo)? opdre avrov rrjv i^cofilSa eo? 
 (jyavXy^ Kal to Sepfia, o iXtjXvde Sevpo iva^jrafie- 
 vo<; tt}? vfJLeTepa'i eveKev a7rdT7]<i, w? TTTCo-^^^bfi is 
 BrfKovoTL Kal ovSev ex^^v. €700 fiev ydp^ ec/)^/, 
 ^XeiTcov avTOV puKpov hehoiKa^ coo-irep ol/JLat tov 
 ^avTrXiov opojv diro tov Kacprjpeco^; rjKOVTa. 
 Kal yap ot/xai irvpaeveiv avTov diro tmv aKpcov 
 T0t9 ifkeovaiv^ oirco'i eKTriiTTWcnv et9 Ta9 ire- 20 
 T/oa?. 
 
 TavTa Be eKelvov \eyQVT0<; Kal TToWa 
 Trpo? TOUTOi?, /JL6V o^Xof; rjypLOVTO ' e7ft> Be 
 rjiropovv Kal iBeBoLKeiv firi tl /xe epydacovTai 
 KaKov. 25 
 
14 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 One of the citizens, however, took the hunter'' s part. His 
 argument : there is need of just such men to cultivate 
 the unused public land; proposal of an agrarian law 
 to cover such cases ; the first speaker himself is by no 
 means innocent; disastrous consequences of the policy 
 proposed by the first speaker ; settlement of the case in 
 hand proposed. 
 
 Hapekdoiv he aXko^ rt?, o)? icj^alvero^ iirieLKr)^ 
 avOpwiro'i aiTO re rcov Xoycov ou? elire, koI cltto 
 Tov cr^T^/xaro?, Trpcjrov fJLev rj^tov aLCOTrrjaat to 
 irXTjOo^ • Kol icncoTrrjaav ' eTreira elire rfj (pcovfj 
 
 5 irpaco^ on ovhev ahiKOvatv ol rrjv apyrjv t% 
 ycsipa<; ipya^ofievoi Koi KaraaKevd^ovre'^^ aWa 
 TovvavTLOv eiraivov BiKaio)^ av Tvy')(^(ivoiev • koI 
 See jJL-q To2<; olfcoSo/JLOvai icaX ^vrevovcri rrjv 
 8}]/JLoaLav yrjv ^^aXeTTW? e;^eii^, a\Xa Tot? Kara- 
 
 10 (pdelpoucrtv. iirel koi vvv^ ecfyrj^ m avhpe^^ 
 a')(eh6v TL TCL Svo fiepTj t?}? %ct>P«? VH'Cov opeivd 
 ean 8l apbeXeidv re /cal oXiyavOpwirlav. Kctyoy 
 TToWd K6KT7}/iai ifkeOpa^ coairep ot/xat koi 
 dWo<i Tt9, ov fiovov iv tol<; opecnv, dXka Kai 
 
 15 ev ToU 7reSLV0L<;, a et Ti? iOekoi yecopyetv., ov 
 fjLovov dv TTpOLKa SoLrjv, dXXd koX dpyvptov 
 rjBeco'i TTpoareXeo-aifii. Si]Xov yap co? efxot 
 irXeovo^ d^ia ylyverai, /cal afxa t)hv opafia 
 X^pci OLKOV/xevr) koi evepy6<; ' i) 3' eprjjxo^ ov 
 
KTNHrOS 15 
 
 /jLovov dvcocf)e\e<; KTrj/xa rot? €)(^ovcrLV^ aWa koI 
 (T(f)oBpa iXeeivov re koI hvaTV^lav nva Karrj- 
 yopovv TCdv BeaTTOToyp. ware /xoi SoKel fxaWov 
 erepovi irporpeTreLV^ oaov<; av Svprjade rcov 
 ttoXltcov, ipyd^eaOac T>j? BrjfxoaLa^ yrjf; airo\a- 5 
 ^6vTa<^^ rov^i fjiev d(j)op/ii]v nva e')(ovra<i irXeiw^ 
 TOv<i Be Trez^T/ra?, oarjv dv eKuaro^ y BvvaT6<^^ 
 Xva vfJLLv T) re %co/)a ivep<yo^ 17, koi tcov ttoXltcov 
 ol dekovre^ Bvo rchv /leyLarcov diriiWay fievoL 
 KaKwv^ dpyla^ koi irevia^, iirl BeKa fiev ovv 10 
 eTTj TrpoLKa e')(pvT(ov • ixerd Be tovtov top ')(^p6vov 
 Ta^d/jLevoL fiolpav oXiyijv irape-^ercoaav diro rcov 
 KapiTOiV^ diro Be rcov ^oa-KTjfjLarcov firjBev. idv 
 Be Tt? ^eVo9 yecopyfj, irevre errj koL ovtol /jL7]Bev 
 vTTOTeKovvTcov, varepov Be BiirXdaLov rj ol irokl- 15 
 rat. 09 Be dv e^epydaiirai rcov ^evcov BtaKocna 
 TrXeOpa, TroXirrjv avrov elvai^ 7va &>? TrXelaroL 
 SiCTLv ol TTpoOvpLOv/JLevoL. eTTel vvv ye koi tcl 
 TTpo Twz^ TTvXcov dypca iTavTeXco<; eari Kal 
 alcr^pd Seivco?, cocnrep ev eprjfiLa ry /SaOvrdrrj, 20 
 ov^ CO? Trpodcrretov ttoXco)? • rd Be ye evro'^ 
 TeL')(^ov<; crTrelperat rd irXela-ra teal KaravefMerai. 
 ovKovv d^iov^ ^4^V^ OavfJbdaaL tmv pi^ropcov^ on 
 Tovf; fiev eirl too K.a<j)7]peL (^aXepyovvra^ ev rol^ 
 ia^aroLf; rr}? FiV^oia<; avKoc^avrovai^ rov(; Be 25 
 
16 AlfiNOS TOT XPTS02T0M0T 
 
 TO yv/jbvdcnov yecopyovvraf; /cal rifv ctfyopav Kara- 
 v€/jL0VTa<; ovSev ocovraL iroLelv heivov. /SXeTrere 
 yap avTol BijirovOev on to yvfjuvdcnov vjmv 
 dpovpav TreTTOLrjfcaaLV^ (ocrre rov WpaKXea kul 
 5 dXXovf; avhpidvTa<; crv)(yov<^ viro tov depov^ 
 d7roK€KpV(f)0ai^ tov<; fxev rjpcocov, tou? Se Oecov • 
 Kol on Kaff* rj/iiepav rd tov py]Topo<i tovtov 
 irpo/SaTa ewOev eh ttjv dyopdv i/x^dXket Kai 
 KaTavefieTUL (ra) Trepl to ^ovXevTrjpiov koI Ta 
 10 cip^eta ' wcrre tov^; irpwTov eirihrnirjaavTai^ ^e- 
 i^ou? Tov<; jxev KaTayeXav tt)? TroXeo)?, tov^; Se 
 olKTeipeiv avTrjV. ttoXiv ovv TavTa dK0vaavTe<^ 
 cDpyl^ovTO Trpo? eKelvov kol eOopv^ovv. koi 
 
 TOiaVTa TTOtCOV T0U9 TaXaL'JT(i)pOV<^ IhidiTa'^ OieTUL 
 
 15 Selv aTrayayecv, tva B7)Xov6ti /JiTjSeU ipyd^rjTai 
 TO XoLTTOV-f dXX^ 01 fiev €^a> XycrTevcocnv., ol o 
 ev Trj TToXei XcottoBvtcoo-lv. i/iol Se, e0?;, BoKel 
 TOVTov<; edv icpi* oI<; avTol ireTroLt^Kaaiv^ viroTe- 
 XovvTa<i TO XoLiTov oo-ov fxeTpLov^ irepl Be tmv 
 
 20 efJiirpoaOev irpoaoScov crvyyvoivai avT0L<;, otl 
 
 eprjfjLov Kol d)(peLov yewpyrjaavTe<; Tr)v yrjv KaTe- 
 
 Xd/BovTO. edv Be TL/jLr)v OeXwai KaTafiaXetv tov 
 
 ')(^(opL0V^ diToBocrOai avTol<; eXdTTOvo^; i] dXXoL<;. 
 
 EiVoWo? Be avTov TOtavTU, irdXiv 6 e^ dp)(rj<i 
 
 25 efcelvof; dvTeXeye^ kol eXoiBopovvTO eirl ttoXv. 
 
KTNHrOS 
 
 17 
 
 The hunter was told to speak for himself. He gave an 
 inventory of all his goods, asserted his citizenship and 
 his loyalty, offered to give up everything if the town . 
 would give him some place to live, and begged his 
 audience not to believe him to be a bad character. 
 The audience ivas angry at first, then amused, and 
 finally silenced by his earnestness. 
 
 Te\o? Be Kal e>e eiceXevov el-rrelv 6 n 0ov\o- 
 /jLUL Kal TL fxe, e(^T)v, Sel Xeyetv ; Hpo? ra 
 elprjfieva, elire tl^ tC^v Kadv/xevcov. Ovfcovv 
 Xiyco, ecfirjv, on ovBev aXtjOh eaTiv o)V etpvcev. 
 e^ft) fjLev, 0) avSpe^, ivvirvca ay/Mrjv, e(\>iiv, 6pav, 5 
 ^ypov^ Kal Ka)/JLa<; Kal rotavra ^XvapovvTO^. 
 7)fjL6L^ Se ovre K(i)ii7]V exofiev ovre r-TTTrou? ovre 
 6vov^ oi^re ySoO?. eWe yap ^v exetv vfxd<; Bcra 
 owTO? eXeyev ayaOd, Iva Kal vpTiv iSc^Kafxev Kal 
 avTol Tcbv ixaKapicDV vfiev. Kal ra vvv Be ovra 10 
 '^fMlv Uavd eariv, e| Siv el tl fiovXeaOe Xd^ere- 
 Khv iravra ideX^re, ^ftet? erepa KTiiaoixeOa. 
 eirl TOVTW Be tw Xoyco iirrjveaav. elra eTTTj- 
 pcora fie 6 dpx^ov rl Bwr^aofxeOa Bovvat tu> 
 BrjpL(p ; Kay(o, Teaaapa, e^7)v, eXd(l>eLa Bepfiara 15 
 Trdvv KaXd. ol Be ttoXXoI avTMV eyeXaaav. 
 6 Be dpx^v r)yavdKT7](7e Trpo? fxe. Td yap 
 dpKeia, e<i>T)V, aKX^pd ean Kal rd rpdyeta ovk 
 d^ia TOVTcov, dXXa Be TraXatd, rd Be fiiKpd av- 
 
18 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 T(f)V ' el he ^ovXeaOe^ KouKelva Xd^ere. ttoXiv 
 ovv rj'yavaKTei kol e(f)7] /me aypoLKOv elvat iravre- 
 A,ft)9. KCLfyo)^ Tiakiv^ elirov^ av koI av d<ypov^ 
 Xeyet^i ; ovk dKoveL<; ore dypou<i ovk e'^o/jLev ; 
 5 o Be rjpooTa /jue el raXavrov eKcirepo^; ^Attckov 
 hovvai Oekoifxev. eyo) Be elirov^ ^^X '^^'^^1^^^ 
 ra Kpea y/jcetf; ' a o av y, oioofxev. eart be 
 oXlya ev akal^ ToXka S' ev tm KairvM^ ^VP^i 
 ov TToXv eKeivcov ')(^eipw^ crKeXlBe^i vcou koI e\d- 
 
 10 (f)eiOL Kol oKXa yevvala Kpea. ivravOa B/j 
 edopv^ovv KOL -ylrevSeadal fie e(f)aaav. 6 Be 
 rjpoira jxe el alrov e^ofiev^ Kal Troaov nvd. 
 eliTOV Tov ovra dXrjdco'i • Auo, e(f)7]v, fxeBl/jivovf; 
 TTvpcov fcal rerrapa'^ KptOoyv Kal rocrovrov; 
 
 15 Keyyjiwv, Kvajxtjiv Be rj/jLieKTOV • ou yap eye- 
 vovTo rrjre^;. tov<; fiev ovv Trvpov^; Kal ra? 
 KpiOd^^ e(f)7]v, vfiei<^ Xd^ere, ra? Se Key')(^pov<; 
 rjfjicv dc^ere. el Be Key^pcov BetcrOe^ Kal ravra^ 
 Xa/Sere. OvBe otvov iroielre ; dXXo^ ti<; ypu>- 
 
 20 rrjcrev. Uoiovfiev, elirov. av ovv rt? v/icov 
 d(f)LK7)TaL^ Bd)a'o/JLev ' OTTCof; Be r/^ei (pepcov cktkov 
 Tiva ' r)/jLeL<; yap ovk e^ofiev. Yloaai ydp rtve^ 
 elcTLV vfjiiv dpLireXoi ; Avo //-eV, e^T^z^, al irpo 
 TMV OvpoiV^ eacD Be rrj^ avXi](; etKoac • Kal rod 
 
 25 TTora/jbov irepav, a? €vay^o<; e^vrevaapiev^ ere- 
 
KTNHrOS 19 
 
 pat Toaavrac • elcrl Se jevvalac a(p68pa koI tov^ 
 ^orpv^ (f)€povcn fieyciKovf;, orav ol irapiovre^; 
 iiracficbaLv avrov<;. iva Se /jltj TrpdyjULara e)(r}r€ 
 KaO^ eKacrrov €pcoT(ovT6<;, epco koI raXka a 
 icTTLV rj/jilv ' alje^ oktco OijjXeiai^ ^ov<; Ko\o/3r]^ 5 
 fjLoa^dpcov e^ avTrj<; irdvv Kokov^ hpeirava rer- 
 rapa, SiKeWat TeTTape<^^ \6y')(ac rpel^;^ ycia^at- 
 pav rj/jLMV eKarepo^; K6KT7]Tat Trpo? rd Oypla, 
 rd Se fcepd/JL€ia a/cevrj ri dv Xeyoi r/? ; /cal 
 <yvvai/C€<; rjfJLCV elcrl koI tovtcov re/cva. oIkov- 10 
 jxev he iv hvcrl aK'r]val<; Ka\al<^ • Kal rplryv 
 eyojJLev^ ov Kelrai to acrdptov Kal rd Sep/jbara. 
 N^ Ata, elirev 6 prjTwp^ ottov /cal to dpyvpcov 
 i(Ta)<; KaTopvTT€T6. OvKOVV, e(f)r]p, avdaKay^rov 
 i\6(ov, o) /jicbpe. TL<=; Se KaTopvTTeu dpyvpiov ; 15 
 ov yap hrj (pveTal ye. evTavOa TrdvTe^ eyeXayv, 
 €Keivov, fioL So/celv, KaTaye\d(TavT€<;. TavTa 
 ecTTCV rj/jilv • et ovv Kal irdvTa OeXeTe, r}fjLel<; 
 €k6vt€(; vjuv x^pi^o/ieda^ Kal ovSev vjjLa^ d^ai- 
 pelcrOai hel irpo^ (Biav cocrirep dWoTpicov rj iro- 20 
 vrjpoiv iirei tol Kal iroXiTai t7]<; TroA-eco? ia/Jiev, 
 ft)9 iycb Tov TraTpo^ tjkovov. Kal ttotc eKelvo<; 
 Bevpo d<j)LK6/jLevo<;, eiTLTV')(^d>v dpyvpicp BiSofjLevq), 
 Kal avTO<; e\a/3ev iv toI<; 7roXtTat9. ovkovv Kal 
 Tpe<^o[xev v/jLerepov^ vroA-tra? rou? TraZSa?. Kap 25 
 
20 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 TTore Serjcrde^ /SorjOijaovcnv vjmv irpo^ Xyara^ 
 Tj irpo^ iToXe/jiiov^. vvv fiev ovv elpi^vq icniv' 
 iav Si TTore crv/JL^fj Kaipo^ toiovto^^ ev^eaOe 
 Tou? iroXKov^ (jiavrjvaL 6jjlolov<; i)iuv. fxr] 'yap 
 5 hr) TOVTov y€ tov prjTopa voiXL^ere ^a;^eto-^afc 
 Tore irepl vfJioyv^ el /x?; 76 XocSopov/xevov wcnrep 
 ra? ryvvatKa<;. rcov fxevTOL Kpecov Koi tcov Sep- 
 fjLarcov^ orav ye tol irore eXwfJiev Orjplov, fxolpav 
 Bcocro/iev • /jlovov irefjurere tov \r]^]r6flevov. iav 
 10 Be KeXevarjre KadeXelv ra^; (JKrjvd^^ el n jBXd- 
 TTTOuo-i, KadeXovfiev. aXX' oirco^ Saoaere 7)plv 
 evOaZe oiKiav' rj ttw? virevey/cecv BwrjaofxeOa 
 TOV yeifJboyvo's ; eaTiv v/xlv oLKi^fxaTa rroXXa 
 ivTo<; TOV Teiyov'^^ ev oh ovSeU OLKel' tovtoov 
 15 rjfjblv ev dpKecrec. el Be ovk evOdBe ^wfiev ovBe 
 7rpo<? Ty (TTevo^copia ToaovTcov dv9p(07ro)v ev 
 TavTM BcayovTcov Kal rj/JLeU ivoxXov/iev^ ou 
 BtJTTOV Bid ye tovto fxeToiKi^ecrOat d^coi ia^ev. 
 — Be eT6XfMr]crev elirelv irepl to)v vavaylcov, 
 20 TTpdyfjia oi/Tft)? dvoaiov Kal nrovr^pov ' tovto yap 
 fjLLKpov i^e\a66fjLr]v eWelv o irdvTcov TrpcoTov 
 eBec fJLe elprj/cevao • Tt9 dv irLCTevaeie iroTe 
 v/jLcov ; 7rpo9 yap tj} do-e/Sela Kal dBvvaTov 
 ea-TLV eKeWev Kal otlovv Xa^elv^ oirov Kal 
 25 TMV ^v\o)v ovBev irXeov eaTLV IBelv rj ttjv 
 
KTNHrOS 21 
 
 T€(f)pav ' OVTO) irdvv crfxiKpa iKiriirTei^ Koi 
 edTLV eKflvTj /xovi] T) cLKTi] ciiTacFOiV airpoaLTO^. 
 KoX Tov<; Tappov^^ ov<; aira^ evpov irore e«:/3e- 
 ^paafJL6Vov<;, kol tovtov^ aveirrj^a eU rrjv Bpvv 
 TTjv lepav Trjv Tfkrjaiov tyj^ 6a\dTT7j<;. fir) yap 5 
 e'iT} TTore, w ZeO, Xa^elv /jurjSe KepBdvai KepSo<; 
 TOLOVTOV aiTo dvOpooiTWV ^ffrTU^ia?. dWd 
 a}(f)eX7]d7]v fiev ovSev TrcoTrore, rfKerjaa Be ttoX- 
 XaKi^; vavayov<i cK^LKOfievov;^ kol rfj a/C7]vfj 
 vTreSe^d/jLTjv, koX cf^ayelv eScoKa kol ineiv^ koI 10 
 el TL dXX.0 eBwdjJL7)V, i'lre^oijdrjaa fcal avvrjKO- 
 Xovdijaa fJii'^pc tcov olKovfxevoiV. dXXd rl^ dv 
 eKelvcov efiol vvv pLaprvprjcreLev ; ov/covv ovBe 
 TOVTO eiTOiovv fxapTvpia^ eve/cev rj '^dptro^^ 09 
 ye ouS' OTToOev rjaav rjTnard/JLTjv. firj yap vfiwv 15 
 ye fMr)8el<; irepiirecroL tolovtw irpdyixari. 
 
 A witness for the defendant. One of the audience told 
 hovj he and his companion loere shipivrecked on Cape 
 Caphareus, and how they were rescued and cared for 
 by these same hunters. 
 
 Tavra Be ifiov Xeyovro^; dvlararai tl<; eK 
 fieacDV ' fcdycb 7rpo9 e/xavTov eveOvixrjOrjv on 
 dXXo^ TOLOVTOV Tvyov e/JLov KaTayjrevaofjLevo';. 
 6 Be etTrer, "Ai^S/oe?, e'^o) irdXai tovtov d/mcfyt- 20 
 yvocov r)7r[(TTOvv 6/jico<;. eirel Be aa^oi<i avrov 
 
22 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 eyvcoKa^ heivov /jlol 8o«;et, fiaXXov he ao-e^e?, /a?; 
 elirelv a avveirLarafJiaL /irjSe airohovvai Xoyo) 
 ya/atz^, epyco ra fieyicrTa ev 7ra6a)V. el/xl 3e, 
 €(f)rj, TToXm;?, &)? tcrre, Kal oSe, Se/fa? roy 
 
 5 7rapaKad)]fji€vov, Kal 09 eiraveo-rri • eVu^o/Aei/ Se 
 nr\€0VT6<; ev rfj Sw/cXeoi;? i^?;t rplrov eTO<;. Kai 
 hia^Oapeiar)'^ r?}? z^ew? vre/ol toi/ Ka(f)i]pea rrrav- 
 TeXco? oXiyoi rtve^ eaooOrj/jLev airo iroWoiV. 
 Tov^ fjilv ovv iropc^vpeU aveka^ov • eI%o^' yap 
 
 10 avTMV TLve<; dpyvpiov ev (j)a(TK(oXiOL^. Tjfiel^ 
 he yvfjLVol iravreXoi^ eKTreaovre^ hi arpairov 
 Tcvo<; e^ahl^ofjbev, eXirl^ovre'i evpi^aeiv aKeirrjv 
 
 TLVa TTOL/JLeVCOV 7) ^OVKOXCOV, KLvhvveVOVTe^ VTTO 
 
 Xl/jlov re Kal hiyjrov; hia(^daprjvai. Kal fioXi^ 
 
 15 TTOre TjXdo/JLev iirl (tktjvcl^; rtva^;, Kal aravTe^; 
 
 i/SowfJLev. TTpoeXOcjv he ovto<; eladyei re rjfid<; 
 
 evhov Kal aveKae wvp ovk aOpoov, aXXa Kar 
 
 oXiyov Kal rov fiev rjfjicbv auro? iverpL/Se, rov 
 
 he T] yvvT) arearL • ov yap rjv avrol^ eXacov • 
 
 20 reXo? he vhcop Karex^ov OepfJLov, eo)? dveXa/Sov 
 
 dire'^vyiievov^. eireira KaTaKXivavTe<; Kai 
 
 irepilSaXovTe^ oh ^Ixov irapeOr^Kav (f)ayelv 
 
 r)/xlv apTov^ irvpivov^^ avrol he Keyxpov ecj^dijv 
 
 Tjo-dtov ' ehcoKav he Kal olvov rj/jucv inelv^ vhcop 
 
 25 avrol irlvovTe^t Kal Kpea eXdipeia OTrrwi/re? 
 
KTNHrOS 23 
 
 a(f>Oova^ ra Be e^ovre^ ' rrj S' varepala ^ovko- 
 fjL€Vov<; ainevai, KaTeo-^ov eVt rpet? r}[Mepa<; ' 
 eireira irpovTre/Juylrav et? to TreBlov, koI ainovo-t 
 Kpea<i eBcoKav koI Sepfia eKarepM ttclvv koKov. 
 ifie Be opcov etc rr]^ KaKoiraOela^; en 7rovt]p(0(; 5 
 e^ovra eveSvae 'X^ltcovcov^ t?}? duyarpo^; a(^e\o- 
 fi€VO<; • eKeivrj Be aWo tc pdKO<i irepie^oiaaro. 
 TOVTO^ eTrecBr) ev rfj kco/jltj iyevofirjv, aireBwKa. 
 ovTw<^ i)fxel^ ye viro tovtov fidXccrra ea(o07jfjLev 
 fi€Ta Tovf; 6eov<;. 10 
 
 The hunter was very glad to see his friend Sotades. The 
 audience laughed at him; but he won his case and vms 
 treated very generously. 
 
 Tavra Be eKeivov Xeyovro<; 6 fxev Brjiiio<; 
 TfKOvev rjBeco^; koI eTryvovv fte, iyco Be avafMvrj- 
 adeL<;, 'Kalpe, e(f)rjv, '2(OTdBrj • Kal irpoaeXOdiv 
 e<^C\ovv avTov /cal rov erepov. 6 Be B7]fM0<; 
 iyeXa o-(t>6Bpa, on e^lXovv avrov^. Tore eyvcov 15 
 on ev rah iroXecnv ov (^iXovcnv dXXrjXov^;. 
 
 UapeXOcbv Be eKeivov 6 eTrteiAC?)?, 6 rr^v dpxv^ 
 vTrep e/jLov Xeycov^ ^^/jlol^ e(j>7]^ S> dvBpe'^^ BoKel 
 KaXeaai tovtov ek to irpVTavelov eirl ^evia. 
 ov ydp^ el fjiev ev TToXe/jLcp tlvcl ecrcocre tcov 20 
 ttoXltcjv vTrepaaTTLO-a^, ttoXXojv av /cat jxeya- 
 
24 AlfiNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 \o)v Scopecbv eru^e • vuvl Se Svo a(oaa<; TroXtra?, 
 TV^ov Be Kol aWov^^ ot ov irdpetaLV^ ovk ccttlv 
 d^LO<; ovBe/JLid^ tlixyj'^ ; avrl Be rod ^ircoz^o?, ov 
 eBcoKe TO) ttoXlttj KivBvvevovri ryv Ovyarepa 
 
 5 aTToSucra?, iiriBovvai avrcp rrjv ttoXiv ^trwi^a 
 /cat l/JLCiTLOV, Xva koI rot? aXkoi<^ TrporpoTrr) 
 ryeprjTat Bifcaloi^ elvai koI eirapKelv ak\r]\oL<;^ 
 '\lrrj(f)L(Ta(TOai Be avTol<^ KapirovaOai to ')(^copiov^ 
 /cal avTov^ Koi ra reKva^ koX fiyBeva aurol^ 
 
 10 evo')(Xelv^ Bovvat Be avrw koX efcarov Bpa'X^fia'i 
 ek KaracTKevijv • to Be apyvpiov tovto virep tt}? 
 TToXeco'^ eycD Trap* ifxavTOV BlBcopn. eirl tovtw 
 Be eiryveOri^ ical ToXka iyeveTO &>? elirev. koI 
 i/co/JLLO-Or) irapa^^prjiJLa ek to OeaTpov tcl Ip^aTia 
 
 15 Kol TO apyvptov. eyco Be ov/c e^ovXofirjv \a- 
 ^elv, a)OC elirov otl ov Bvvaaai Beiirvelv ev tu> 
 Bep/JLaTi. Ovfcovv^ elirov^ to arffxepov aBeiirvo'; 
 fjL€V(o. 6/JL(Of; Be eveBvadv fxe tov ')(^LTMva kol 
 irepiej^aXov to IfxaTLOV. eyco Be dv(oOev jSaXelv 
 
 20 iffovXofjLTjv TO Bepixa^ ol Be ovk etcov. to Be 
 apyvptov OVK iBe^d/xrjv ovBeva Tpoirov^ aW 
 airco/JLoad/jLrjv. Et Be ^rjTetTe Ti<^ ^d^rj^ tw prj- 
 TOjOt, ecf^rjv^ BoTe, oTTCOf; KaTOpv^rj avTO • eVi- 
 cFTaTai yap BrjXovoTL. air* eKeivov Be r^fxd^ 
 
 25 ovBel'i '^v(o^\r]cr€. 
 
KTNHrOS 25 
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 
 A COUNTRY HOME 
 
 The story finished, Dion and the hunter arrive at the 
 house. The garden; the hunter' s family ; the dinner. 
 
 '^'Xehov ovv elprjKOTO^ avrov 7rp6<; ral^ a/crj- 
 vah rjfiev. /cayo) yekdaa^ elirov^ 'AXX' ev n 
 aireKpvylro) tov<; TroXira^, to KoXkiarov rcov 
 KTrjfidrcov, Tl tovto ; elirev. Tbv fcrjirov, 
 €(f)7)V^ TOVTOV, Trdvv KaXov Koi Xd^ava iroXkd 5 
 KoX BevBpa exovra. Ovk rjv^ ec/)?;, rore^ cOOC 
 varepov iironjcra/jLev. 
 
 ^laekOovre'^ ovv evayxovfieOa to Xolttov ttj^ 
 rifiepa^;., r/fj^ek pLev KaTaKXtOevTe^ iirl cftvXXcov 
 re /cat SepfxdTWv iirl aTi^dho^ vyjrrjXrj';^ rj he \o 
 yvvrf TrXrjaLOV irapa top dvhpa Kad-qpLevr]. 6v- 
 ydTTjp Be wpaia ydpLov Bcrj/covecTO, kol iveyei 
 TTCelv jxeXava olvov rjBvv. ol Be iralBe^: to, /cpea 
 irapeaKeva^ov^ koI avTol d/xa iBeiTrvovv irapa- 
 Ti^eVre?, wo-re ifie evBac/iovL^ecv tov<; dv6pco7rov<; 15 
 eKeLVOv^ teal oteaOac p^a/capiccx; ^rjv wdvTcov fid- 
 XiaTa wv rjirtcTTdpLriv. KaiTOi irXovaioiv olKia^ 
 re Kal T/oaTrefa? rjinaTdpLr^v^ ov pLovov IBccotmv, 
 dXXd Kal oraTpaTTOiv Kal /SacnXecop^ at fidXcaTa 
 
26 AinNOS TOT XPTSOSTOMOT 
 
 iSo/covv /JLOL Tore dOXtoi^ kol irporepov hoKovvre^^ 
 'in fJLoWov^ 6po)VTi Tr]V eKel ireviav re kol ekev- 
 Oepiav^ Koi on ovhev (nreKeLirovTO ovhe tt}? nrepl 
 TO (payelv re kol Tnelv r)Sovrj^^ dWa kul tovtoi^ 
 5 iirXeoveKTOvv (T')(^eh6v n. 
 
 Enter the neighbor and his son. The young man and his 
 cousin make a fair exchange. 
 
 "USt} 8' LKavo)'^ rj/JLcov i^^ovrcov rjXOe Kd/celvo^; 
 6 erepo^. (ivvrjKoXovOei Se vio<; avrO)^ fxetpafCLOv 
 ov/c dyevve^;.) Xaycov cfyepcov. elaekOoyv Be ovro'^ 
 r/pvOpiacrev • iv ocray Be 6 Trarrjp avrov rjo-Trd^ero 
 10 riixd^., auTO^i icfyiXijae rrjv KoprjV^ koi tov Xayoov 
 eKeiVT) eScoKev. rj /xev ovv TraZ? eiravaaro oia- 
 Kovovfjievrj kol irapd rrjv firjrepa eKaOe^ero^ ro 
 Se /jL€tpd/cL0P dvT eKeivrj'i hirjKOvelro. 
 
 The conversation grows personal : daughters and their 
 husbands ; wedding-days ; the wedding sacrifice. 
 
 Ka7ft) TOV ^evov rjpwTrjaa^ Avrr;, e(f)r)V.f eaTiv, 
 15 ^9 TOV p^iTcoz^a d7roBvaa<; tco vavaycp eh(OKa^ ; 
 Kol 0? yeXdcra^;^ Ou/c, ec/)?;, dXX' eiceivri^ elire^ 
 irdXai TT/oo? dvhpa ehoOrj^ koX Teicva e%efc fxeydXa 
 Tjhri^ 7rpo<; dvSpa irXovcnov ek ko)/jl7]V. Ovkovv^ 
 €(f)T]V, eTrapfcovatv v/jllv otl dv Beycrde ; Ovoev^ 
 20 elirev rj yvvrj^ Beofxeda 97 /^et?. eKelvoi Be XafM- 
 
KTNHrOS 27 
 
 /SdvOUCTL KOl OlTT^VLK CLV TL OypaOrj Kul OTTCOpaP 
 
 Kol Xd^ava • ov yap eari Krjiro^ irap avroh, 
 (irepva-c Be Trap* avroiv) irvpov^ iXd/SofjLev, 
 cnrep/ia yjnXov, koI direScoKafiev avroiv €v6v<i 
 r7J<; Oep€La<^. Tl ovv ; e(f>riv^ /cal ravrrjv hiavo- 5 
 elaue BtSovat TrXovaio)^ iva vpTtv koL avrr) irvpov^ 
 Saveiarj ; ivravOa /jievrot dfJi(j)(o ypvOpiao-drrjv, 
 T] Koprj /cal TO fi€Lpd/ctov. 6 Be iraryp avrrj^ ecfyr), 
 Uepyra dvBpa Xrjyjrerai^ o/notov -qfiiv Kvvrjyerrjv • 
 Kai ^leiBidaa^ e/SXeyjrev ek top veaviaKOV. Kaydi^ lo 
 Tt ovv ovK TJBrj BiBore ; ?) Bel iroOev avrov eV 
 K(op,r]^ d^LKeaOat ; Ao/cca yLteV, elirev, ov jiaKpav 
 earcv • dXX' evBov evOdBe. Kal TroLrjao/jiev je tol*? 
 ydfiov<; rjfiepav dyaOrjV eirtXe^diievoi. Kaydi^ 
 Ila)?, €<i>riv, KpLvere rrjv dyaOrjV rjfMepav ; Kal 15 
 0?, "Orav firj /jLifcpov rj to a-eXrjmop • Bel Be Kal 
 TOP depa ehai KaOapov^ aiOpiap XafxiTpdp. Kayd), 
 Ttf Be; TU) oPTi KVP7]yeTi](; dyaOo^ ecrrip ; €(j>r]P. 
 "£70)76, elirev 6 peaPLaKo^, Kal eXa<j>op Kara- 
 TTOPco Kal avp v^iarafiai. oyjrei Be avptop, dp 20 
 ^^^V^i ^ ^epe. Kat rov Xaycop tovtop av, e(j>'qp^ 
 eXa/3e? ; '£7(0, €</)?; yeXdaa^^ tm XtpapLO) r^? 
 PVKTo^ • r/p yap aWpCa Trdpv koXt) Kal 7) aeXijPT] 
 TTjXtKavTr} TO fxeyeOo^; rjXUrj ovBeircoTroTe eye- 
 veTO. ipTavOa fievTot iyeXacrap afxcj^oTepoi, ov 25 
 
28 AlfiNOS TOT XPT20ST0M0T 
 
 fiovov 6 TTJ^ Kopj]'^ iraTTjp^ aWa koI 6 eKelvov. 
 6 8e ria-')(yvBri koI icrLcoTrrjcre. Xeyet ovv 6 rij'i 
 Koprf^ Trarijp^ 'E7W /uLev, ^4*V'> ^ Tral^ ovSev virep- 
 ^dWo/jiaL. 6 Be 'jTarrfp aov 7re/?i/LteWt, ear av 
 5 lepelov irpLrjTai iropevOek. hel <yap dvaai Tol<i 
 
 The younger brother to the resciie. 
 ^lirev ovv 6 veuirepo'i ahe\(^o<^ Tr]<; Kopr)^^ 
 'AXXa lepelov ye TrdXat oi/to? nrapeaicevaKe^ 
 KoX ecTTiv evSov rpecf^o/ievov oTncOev r?}? (TKT]vfj<i^ 
 
 10 yevvalov. rjpcorcov ovv avrov, ^AX7]0o)<i ; 6 he 
 e^i-j. Kat iroOev aoi ; e(^aaav. "Ore T7]V vv 
 iXd^o/jiev Trjv ra re/cva e')(^ovcrav^ ra /jcev dXXa 
 BieSpa ' KOI rjv^ ^(f)i]^ Ta')(yrepa rov Xayo) • ew? 
 oe €700 Xitfo) erv^ov Kai aXovrt to oepjxa eire- 
 
 15 fiaXov ' TOVTO r)XXa^d/jLi]V ev rrj fcco/uLy^ koX eXa- 
 fiov dvT avTOV ')(olpov^ fcal eOpeyfra 7roir}aa<i 
 oTTLcrdev crv(f)e6v. TaOra, elirev, dpa rj f^ijTTjp 
 aov iyeXa, oirore davfid^oLfii d/covcov ypvXi^ov- 
 (Tr)<i tt}? av6<;, KoX ra? /cpL6a<; ovrw^ avrjXiaKe^. 
 
 20 At yap eu/Sot'^e?, elirev^ ov'y^ Uaval rjaav irtdvaL^ 
 el fxifj ye jSaXdvov^ ijOeXev eaOieiv. dXXa el 
 ^ovXeaOe Ihelv avrrjv^ d^co 7ropevdeL<;. ol he 
 eKeXevov, CLTrrjeaav ovv eKelv6<^ re koI ol irdihe'^ 
 avToOev Spo/JLQ) ^(^aipovTe^. 
 
KTNHrOS 29 
 
 TJie supper of fruit and nuts. The children return bring- 
 ing the pig. Enter the mother and brothers of the 
 bridegroom. 
 
 'Ez^ Be TOVTO) 7) 7rap6evo<; avaaraaa i^ erepa^ 
 <7Kt]vr)<^ eKOfJLiaev ova rerfirj/jLeva koI fieaTrCka 
 Kol ixrfka ^(^eL/jLepLva koI rr)? ^evvaia^ crTa(f)v\r]<; 
 j36Tpv<^ a(f)pL'yct)VTa<i, koL edrjKev iirl rrjv rpdire- 
 ^a^*, KaTa\lry](Tacra (f)vXXot<; ciTro rcov Kpecov, 5 
 vTTO^dXovaa KaOapav Trrepi^Sa. tjkov he kol 
 ol iralhe'^ tt]V vv ayovTe<^ fxera yeXwro^ kol 
 iraLhia'^., crvi>7]fcoXovdeL Se rj fx^jrrjp rov veavCcTKOV 
 KOL aBeX<f)ol Svo Traihapta • e<^epov Be aprov; re 
 /caOapov<i KoX (ha e(j)6a ev ^vXivoi^; iriva^L Kal lo 
 epe^iv6ov<i (ppvfCTOv^. 
 
 The wedding is discussed, the date is fixed, and Dion is 
 invited to the festivities. 
 
 *A(T7racrafJLevr) Be rov aBeX(f)6i^ rj <yvvr) Kal ryv 
 aBeX(pLBriv iKaOe^ero irapa top avrrj'i apBpa, Kal 
 elirev., 'I Sou to lepelov., o ovto<; TrdXac €Tpe<f)ev 
 et? TOi"? yd/jLov<i., Kal ToXXa ra Trap* rj/icov 15 
 eroLfid ean., Kal dXcfitra Kal dXevpa TreiroiriTai 
 fiovov c(TO)<; olvapCov TrpoaBerjaofjieda • Kal tovto 
 ov ^(^aXeTrov eV rrj'i koj/jltj^; Xaffelv. TrapeiarrjKeL 
 Be avrrj TrXriaiov 6 vlo<^ irpo^ top KrjBecrTrjv cltto- 
 
30 AlfiNOS KTNHrOS 
 
 ecTTfct' 6 iire^^cov * tVco? yap eri /SovXerai iriavai 
 
 T7JV VV. fCal TO /JL€Lpd/CtOV, AvTTJ /JL6V, ellTeV^ VTTO 
 
 Tov XtTTOf? hiappayrjaeTai. fcdyco fioyXo/jLevo^i 
 5 avTcp ^orjOrjO-aL^ "Opa^ €(f>'r]V^ fxr) eco^ irLalverai 
 r] u? ovTO<; vfilv XevrTO? yeprjraL. rj Be fjL^njp^ 
 'AX7;^fo)9, eljrev, 6 ^evo^ Xeyei, eirel koI vvv 
 XeiTTorepo^ avrov yeyove * koI Trpwijv rfaOofirjv 
 rrj^ vvKTO<; avrov iypTjyopora /cal irpoeXdovTa 
 
 10 e^ft) tt}? a/C7]V7]<i. Ol Kvve's^ ^(}>Vf vXaKTOVv^ Kal 
 i^rjXOov 6-\jr6/jLevo<;. Ov av ye, elTrev, dXXa 
 TrepieTrdret^; dXvcop. /jltj ovv TrXeLCO y^povop icofxev 
 avidcrOaL avrov. Kal irepL^aXovaa icfyiXrjcre rrjv 
 fXT}repa rrj<s Kopr)^. rj Be tt/oo? rov dvBpa rov 
 
 15 eavrr]<i, Tlotcofiev, elrrev, &>? OeXovai. Kal eBo^e 
 ravra, Kal elirov, Et? rpirr^v rroLOdfiev rov^; yd- 
 fxov<i. irapeKdXovv Be Kci/JLe Trpoafielvat rvjv 
 rjixepav. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 G. = Goodwin : Greek Grammar, 1893. 
 
 H. = Hadley and Allen : Greek Grammar. 
 
 AJP. = American Journal of Philology. 
 
 Gild. JM. = Gildersleeve : Justin Martyr, New York, 
 1877. 
 
 GMT. = Goodwin : Moods and Tenses, 1890. 
 
 Kr. = Kruger : Griecliische Sprachlehre, Leip- 
 
 zig, 1875-91. 
 
 Ruth. Phryn. = Rutherford : The New Phrynichus, Lon- 
 don, 1881. 
 
 Ruth. Bab. = Rutherford : Babrius, London, 1883. 
 
 Sch. = Schmid : Der Atticismus, Stuttgart, 1887- 
 
 96, Vol. I. 
 
 Note. —In references to Dion Chrysostom outside of 
 this text, the page and line of von Arnim's edition is 
 given, with the number of Morel's page following in 
 bracket. 
 
 82 
 
NOTES 
 
 CHAPTER I 
 
 Page 1. — 2. trpco-pvTiKov, an old man's failing. G. 
 925 ; H. 617. Cf. Cic. Cato Major c. 16, Senectus est 
 natura loquacior. 3. to p-iiSeva kt\. , that almost irre- 
 sistible desire to tell every story that occurs to one. The 
 art. with the inf. sometimes points out the verbal idea 
 in a deprecating or contemptuous way, e.g. rb y-finaadai, 
 " this thing of getting married." Gild. JM. pp. 159, 125. 
 5. Tvxov: adv. perhaps, as at 24, 2. Frequent in the 
 Atticists; in Dion 48 times. Sch. p. 137. av t^: 
 G. 1328; H. 872; GMT. 235 ff. See 4, 3. note. 
 dXiiTiKov, the result of a roving life. 6. d|i4)6T€poi, 
 both an old man and a traveller. 1. ovk diiSws, with 
 no little delight : a common phrase in Dion, who delights 
 in litotes. Sch. p. 170. 8. ovriva: notice the use of 
 6'o-Tt5 in an ind. question and parallel with oXo%. %,5><r\. is 
 the participle. 9. a-\tUv ti: the indefinite tU was 
 employed very frequently by the Atticists in adjectival 
 and adverbial expressions, in imitation of classical Attic 
 writers. (rxe56v tl is especially common in Dion (Schmid 
 counts 34 cases), and also in Strabo, Sch. pp. 136-7; 
 Kr. 51, 16, 3 and 5. 
 
 13. Td KoiXa Tfis EvPotas, the Hollows of Euboea. 
 
 The high cliffs on the east coast of the island form a 
 
 succession of palisades without an anchorage, and the 
 
 rocks which jut far out into the sea make this outside 
 
 D 33 
 
34 NOTES 
 
 passage always dangerous. Here the Persian ships, 
 which were sent from Artemisium to attack the rear 
 of the Greek fleet, were wrecked. 14. dKanov: a 
 fisherman's boat. rpaxvv riva, a rough hit of beach. 
 Cf. 1. 9. 15. cKPaXovTcs, driving ashore. Cf. cKireadv- 
 res, 13, 8 ; 22, 11. 
 
 Page 2. — 1. irop<j)vp€is, purple-fishers, who dredged 
 up the shell-fish, the purple murex, from which the pre- 
 cious dye was made. 2. Iirl rfj irX-ria-iov X^^fl' **^ ^^^ 
 shelter of a spur of rocks hard by. 5. orw0i?|(rojj,ai : the 
 opt. mood is rarely found in post-classical Greek. It has 
 been lost entirely from modern Greek. The Atticists 
 revived its use, and sometimes employed an opt. in cases 
 where the classical writers did not. In this revival Dion 
 shared. The avoidance of the opt. of indirect statement 
 in this text, however, is very noticeable, even if this is 
 due only to the studied simplicity and directness of the 
 narrative. Cf. 3, 18 ; 17, i; 14; 24, 16, etc. 6. aXXws, 
 at random. €l, on chance of. 7. I'Soijii: the opt. 
 with el is the form of the ideal condition. It is often 
 used by Dion where the conclusion is expressed by a 
 pres. or a fut. ind. contrary to the usual classical practice. 
 Sch. pp. 97-8. Here the conclusion is the implied pur- 
 pose of eTrXapu) fxrjv ; but the opt. does not necessarily sug- 
 gest that the speaker is quoting the thought which was 
 in his mind. Cf. Xen. Hel. I. v. 15. 
 
 10. paxiav, breakers : from prjyvvfii, to break. 
 11. The absence of conjunctions in this line is worthy 
 of notice. Perhaps this amounts to a mannerism with 
 this author. 12. dKov<rai: the inf. is regularly used 
 after verbs of thinking. See 1. 15. note. So Dion in 
 this text uses otoixat. seven times, doK^cj, vo/xi^oixai, dia- 
 po^ofiai, once each. With these also should be classed 
 irvvddvofxai. (13, 5), and eiKaiov (2, 16). 13. v[\ov, roar. 
 
NOTES 35 
 
 diro: the addition of a preposition to such phrases, 
 while not unknown in classic Greek, was characteristic 
 of post-classical and especially of Hellenistic writers, 
 the latter of whom often imitated directly eastern idiom. 
 15. Tiiroptiiievous, at fault : predicative part, after a verb 
 of perceiving. G. 1588; H. 982. The perf. part, is 
 often used by Dion to express the « state ' of the object. 
 Sch. p. 96. " Verbs of perception (knowing and show- 
 ing) take OTL or &}$ with the finite verb of intellectual 
 perception, the participle of actual or intellectual per- 
 ception. There are exceptions, but in view of the mass 
 of examples the exceptions vanish. But, in later Greek, 
 the line between verbs of perception and of conception 
 (thinking) is often effaced." Gild. JM. p. 107. In this 
 text, however, these distinctions are maintained con- 
 sistently : e.g. opdo} is used five times with the part, as 
 here ; once with i^s and the ind. (26, 3), where intellectual 
 perception is clearly implied. 16. el'Katov: on the 
 augment, see Ruth. Phrijn. pp. 244-5; Meisterhans : 
 Att. Lischr. p. 136. dTropiacr0€v : circumstantial part. 
 
 19. Td-ye'veia vyi.r\, imth ruddy cheeks. KOjjiwvTa ktX., 
 vsearing his hair long at the hack. For the custom of 
 wearing long hair among the earlier Greeks, see Sey- 
 mour's interesting note on Kdp-n KopLouvras, Iliad ii. 11. 
 The Abantes, the inhabitants of Euboea in Homer's 
 time, were remarkable for wearing their back hair long, 
 but their front hair "banged." Iliad ii. 536 ; 542. So 
 Plutarch says of Theseus (c. 5) that, when he cut his 
 hair as an offering to Apollo, he shaved rrjs /ce^aX?}? 
 TO, TTpoadev /lovov, uxrirep "OpiTjpos e07; toi)s "A^avras. 
 
 20. o'iovs : attracted to the number of its antecedent and 
 used as pred. with iXdeTv. Of. Iliad ii. 216, a(:(rxc<TTos 
 dk dvTjp vTTo 'IXiov TjXdev; also ii. 673. 21. Sokciv : 
 G. 1534 ; H. 956. 
 
36 NOTES 
 
 Page 3. — 1. 01 8€: without a preceding fiiv. Kr. 50, 
 1, 4. Cf. Xen. Hel. I. ii. 14. «! ruiicrous: iK is often 
 used in such adverbial phrases. Cf. 2, 20 ; 10, 18. 
 KttV OS, and he : cf. 22, 5 ; 26, 15 ; 27, 15 ; 30, i. This 
 demonstrative use of 2s is very common, in Plato and 
 Xenophon, after Kai at the beginning of a sentence and 
 in the phrase ^ 5' 3s. Xen. Sym. c. 1, 15 ; Anah. I. viii. 
 16 ; VII. vi. 4 ; Plato, Sym. 201 E. See Kr. 50, 1, 5. 
 Both Kai 6s and the stereotyped ^ S' 6s are common in 
 Dion also, although unusual in his time, and help to 
 swell the list of his Attic expressions. Sch. p. 122. 
 Cf. Dion 1. p. 19, 12 (M. 21), ov fxivrot, 9j 5' os 6 'A\i- 
 ^avSpos, dWa ktX., and Plato, Eep. 450 B. T^ 5^ ; ^ 5' 
 OS 6 Qpaavfiaxos kt\. 
 
 10. iittKpdv: adv. far off. This use of the ace. fem. 
 of such an adj. to denote distance is an Atticism and 
 frequent in Dion. Cf. 7, 13 ; 27, 12. So ppaxvr^pav I. 
 p. 85, 4 (M. 88). Sch. p. 89. 12. «s rd y€ vvv ktX., 
 since at present sailing is impossible. Mahaffy. Cf. 
 Thuc. I. vii. 1 ; viii. 2. irXoiiia = wXdjLfia. 13. Kai 
 [IT] ktX., and do not have any anxiety about that (viz. the 
 impossibility of sailing) . ' ' Ubrigens was das betrifft, sei 
 unbesorgt." Golisch. Von Arnim says : " /cai — 0o^7;^^s 
 non intelligo." 14. PovXoC|jniv 8' av: cf. 1, 5. note. 
 15. oTttv: "the relative with dv and subj. is in some 
 respects parallel with idv (see 17, 12. note). But observe 
 that the relative with &p and subj. is always generic in 
 prose." Gild. JM. p. 127. 16. m€o-0T|, weighed down. 
 18. KaTTjv^x^Ti, 8i€<t)0ttpTi: cf. 2, 5. note. 19. €l jat] : 
 "in indirect questions introduced by el, whether, ix-f) can 
 be used as well as ov." GMT. 667, 5. Doubtless this is 
 due to similarity in form to a conditional protasis. 
 But in later Greek (xtj ousted ov even where ov was prop- 
 erly required. 21. o-irovSfis, pressing engagement. 
 
NOTES 37 
 
 22. ouKovv ktX., it could not well he otherwise. 23. ws, 
 hov.\ has properly the force of an adverb of manner, and 
 implies this force in most of its uses. 
 
 Page 4. — 3. a-oiQiit] : "the opt. with &v is the poten- 
 tial of the Greek language. It expresses the conviction 
 of the speaker as a conviction. The future element is 
 the ascertainment of the predicate. With the pres. opt. 
 the action itself may be present or future ; with the aor. 
 it is future. As the aorist is naturally associated with 
 the negative, the aor. opt. and dv with neg. is very com- 
 mon. The transl. with the negat. is often 'can,' with the 
 positive 'must.' Remember that the English language 
 has nothing to correspond to the Greek future, and 
 the English future is often as good a rendering of the 
 opt. and &v as it is of the Greek future." Gild. JM. p. 
 112. Of. 1, 5. 5. l\a(|)pol . . . irXeovTcs, unless they 
 are in very light boats. Mahaffy. Such craft would 
 founder nearer shore. 7. KaKoira0€Cas, accident. 
 
 9. <rwe^"s: G. 1374; H. 885, b. o-e c^vwiicv, have 
 
 made your acquaintance: the aor. of attainment. 
 11. dWd: an odd use of the conjunction, a7id not 
 only that but. See GMT. 513. aWriv has here the 
 force of besides. Cf. Xen. Anab. I. v. 5 ; Hel. I. iv. 2 ; 
 
 11. ii. 18 ; iv. 9. Von Arnim's conjecture of tto'XXtji/, 
 against the authority of the Mss. seems unnecessary. 
 
 12. ia-xvor^ros, thinness. 13. ov -ydp kt\., for I had 
 no fear of any trap. "The present or aorist infinitive 
 (without m), not in indirect discourse, may follow verbs 
 of fearing, to denote the direct object of the fear ; as in 
 English, I fear to go.'' GMT. 373. 
 
 15. IfjidTiov : see 24, 5. note. \iikv : without di ; but 
 Kal is equivalent. 17. o-vvext^- adj., constant. ws, 
 
 how. Cf. 3, 23. note. 19. dSiKCi : SC. TrhrjTa. KTj- 
 
 pvKcia, the insignia of heralds. 
 
38 NOTES 
 
 CHAPTER II 
 
 Page 5. — 5. "YwaiKas dWiqXwv dSeX(]>ds: i.e. ice each 
 married the other'' s sister. 11. ovxtittov: the weight 
 of Ms. authority is for ov x^'^P^^i which Geel prefers. 
 "Nee dubium est," he says, "quin homo rusticus dicat 
 ov xe^po" pro haud minus.'''' 12. (jlio-Bov: i.e. hired. 
 fiaKapiov : in post-classical Greek this adj. meant rich. 
 Schmid quotes this passage with two others [I. p. 209, 
 10 (M, 120) ; p. 217, 19 (M. 128)] as the only examples 
 of Dion's use of the word in its post-classical sense. 
 17, 10 might be added to the list. All are from Or at. VII. 
 Elsewhere Dion gives the word its ordinary classical 
 meaning. I. p. 7, 10 (M. 8); p. 77, 21 (M. 80). 
 13. €v0€v86, «K : the Greek sometimes regards the locus 
 of anything as the place from which it proceeds, rather 
 than as the place in which it is. For a discussion of 
 such variation in expressions of place see Sch. p. 91. 
 Also G. 1225-6 ; H. 788. 15. KaXovs Be Kal iroXXovs : so 
 the Mss. read. Von Arnim, following Dindorf, reverses 
 the order. 16. xP'HH^o-Ta often means personal property 
 as opposed to KT-fjixara^ land and stock. See Gild. JM. 
 p. 132. On dXXa, see 4, ii. note. 18. Kal, furthermore. 
 
 Page 6. — 1. Pao-iXe'ws, emperor. The odium of the 
 Latin 'rex' was borne by the Greek Tvpawos. /Sao-tXei/s 
 retained its dignity as the title of a priestly office and 
 also through association with the Persian king. The 
 opening line of Augustus' letter to the Cnidians {Bulle- 
 tin de Correspondance Hellenique., VII. 63) gives certain 
 other well-known titles of the emperors : — 
 
 AiTOKpoLTup Katffap deoO vibs Sc/Sacrr^s d/3xtepc«/s. 
 
 2. WO-T6 with the inf. expresses a tendency to a result ; 
 its nearest English equivalent is so as. The particle 
 
NOTES 39 
 
 seems to have been used first to reinforce the inf. , like 
 the English 'for' in "What went ye out for to see?" 
 So with ware and inf. the negative is fir/ in o. r. wore 
 with a finite form expresses result and is an outgrowth 
 from the inf. construction, due to the desire to make the 
 fact more prominent. Its neg. therefore is ov with ind., 
 firi with subj. or imp. AJP. VII. 161 ff. ; XIV. 240 ff! 
 Of course the distinction between so as and so that was 
 not always maintained. In this text ciVre with inf. ap- 
 pears five times (7,2;^ 16, 4 ; lo ; 25, 15) ; in the last two 
 cases it is so that. wVre with ind. occurs four times. 
 
 3. drra : Attic for rivd ; translate feio. The word had 
 entirely disappeared from the spoken and the literary 
 language of the time. Lucian quotes it as an affecta- 
 tion (Lex. c. 21), but uses it himself eight times. It is 
 not infrequent in Dion. Sch. p. 111. poiSia: diminu- 
 tive, evidently colloquial. Found also in Dem. and 
 Arist. Sch. p. 113. As to its form, see Phryn. Ixix. 
 
 4. diro8€'8«K€v : note the full force of the perf., has paid 
 us to this day. The perf. seems to be common in ex- 
 pressions relating to payments. Cf. 9, 12. dw^duKev, 
 however, has good Ms. authority. 6. o-KTjvds, cabins. 
 7. avXriv, enclosure. 8. <bs av ol\i.ai: here cJs du is 
 used elliptically, without a verb, the olfMai being merely 
 parenthetical. In such cases uairep is more common 
 G. 1313; H. 863; GMT. 227. Cf. 7, 21; 8, 15; 13, 17; 
 14, 13. The parenthetical oi/xai is used so often by Dion 
 as to give a distinct color to his style. The expression 
 is common in Plato and Demosthenes, among the Atti- 
 cists, also in Philostratus and Lucian. Sch. p. 127. Cf. 
 \4yofx€v, Justin M. Ap. I. c. 69 ; Ap. II. c. 1. 10. €v€|jio- 
 |i€v, dTrTi\avvofA€v : note the change of tense from /care- 
 fxeiuafxef, 1. 5. diroKtifjicvov : KeT/xai is used in Attic 
 Greek as the perf. pass, of Tidr,fj.i, the perf. r^deifxai. 
 
40 NOTES 
 
 being always middle in force. 13. Ittoiovvto : sc. our 
 fathers. 
 
 14. \o)plov: sc. ia-rL " Dio per totum hunc sermo- 
 nem his hominibus orationem tribuit simplicissimara." 
 Geel, p. 178. 20. Spvfiol, ylades. 21. oto-rpov, gad- 
 fly. 23. viro v\|/T]\ois ktX., beneath tall trees far 
 apart, i.e. where pasturage is better than in denser 
 woodland. 
 
 Page 7. — 2. wo-rt |jlt] : translate so that there is no 
 need. But see 6, 2. note. 
 
 6. 8i€Tpd4>T|(rav ktX. : cf. Xen. Hel. II. i. 1. 7. clp- 
 ■yao-fjievoi, have brought under cultivation. 8. <rTa0p,ov : 
 G. 1148-9 ; H. 757. 13. po\j<riv: i.e. those which were 
 confiscated. 17. p.€Xpi tivos, for a short distance. 
 18. a-v&v kt\. : G. 1105; 1161; H. 742. 20. -njiwov, 
 stood on guard. 21. wo-irep av : cf . 6, 8. note. 22. ai- 
 pLttTOs : G. 1102; H. 742. 23. Kpewv: partitive. 
 
 Page 8. — 1. Kp*'ao-iv: G. 1181; H. 778. fiat^S, 
 bread. t»v yXv ktX., gorging themselves with meat ichen 
 any game was bagged, but otherwise hungry. twv : sc. 
 KpeQv. G. 1113 ; H. 743. |xiq : sc. ti aXoirj. 3. irpo<rei- 
 Xov: sc. T^f voOj', "a familiar ellipsis." 5. oo-jjifis ktX., 
 they followed the scent after a fashion. oo-jxfis : G. 1102 ; 
 H. 742. On the form, see Ruth. Phryn. pp. 160-164. 
 6. dir^pTio-av, turned out. toioutoi ktX. , " eiusmodi 
 tardi quidam discipuli, mul toque tardiores venatores," 
 Nageorgus ; i.e. slow enough to learn this trade, but 
 slower still as hunters. But perhaps the Latin transla- 
 tion has improved on the Greek original. 
 
 13. x€iF^«pivTi : G. 1090 ; H. 730, e. Cf. 14, 5. On the 
 form, see Ruth. Phryn. p. 125. 14. a>s av ktX., as you 
 might suppose, being stamped in the moist ground. ws 
 Av: cf. 6, 8. note. On o-T^ixaivo) in the sense of <r(ppayii;o}, 
 cf. Xen. Cyr. VIII. ii. 17, ravra 8^ , . . Kai 'ypd\pas Kal ffrj/xrj- 
 
NOTES 41 
 
 vd/xevos idlSov. 15. tj 8c x^wv ktX., " and the snow shows 
 the game far off, and leaves tracks as clear as a high 
 road." Mahaffy. 19. 8opKd8as, roe (deer). 20. cv- 
 vais, forms, beds. to dir' ckcivou : G. 955, 2 ; 1060 ; 
 H. 600, a; 719. 
 
 Page 9. — 1. iripva-i crx€86v, about a year ago. Cf. 
 Babrius, Ixxxix. 4-5. 2. PtPiwKco-av : the omission of 
 the augment from the pluperfect is characteristic of later 
 Greek. In the New Testament this augment is for the 
 most part entirely omitted. Such omission is not un- 
 known in classical Greek, especially where a collision 
 of vowels would offend the ear. Cf. Thuc. I. c. 89, 3 ; 
 Dem. 299. But ^e^tdKeaav may be merely a scribe's 
 error. The Mss. differ as to the true text here, and 
 there is strong evidence for i^e^iJfKeaav. "The mere 
 fact of the gradual disappearance of the augment from 
 the pluperfect after Macedonian times is sufficient to 
 account for the state of the manuscripts." Ruth. Bab. 
 p. 9. note. Cf. 11, 14. note; 13, 23. 3. Kal ve'oi: von 
 Arnim, following Wilamowitz, rejects these words against 
 the authority of the Mss., thus robbing the passage of a 
 flavor which the author may have been at some pains to 
 impart. 
 
 CHAPTER III 
 
 The simple-hearted honesty of these peasants, in con- 
 trast with the shrewdness and trickery of the towns- 
 folk, is the underlying theme of this chapter. The next 
 gives a picture of the happiness of the country life. 
 Doubtless Dion would have found it hard to discover in 
 real life such characters as these hunters. Certainly 
 their absolute simplicity was incomprehensible to the 
 crowd which met to hear the trial. 6. irdXtv: Carystos 
 is nearest and is doubtless the city referred to. But, as 
 
42 NOTES 
 
 Mahaffy remarks, " Dion takes care to leave it so vague 
 that Chalcis would suit as well." Certainly if the scenes 
 were imaginary, there was no need to define too closely 
 their stage-setting. There were valuable marble quarries 
 near Carystos belonging to the Roman emperors. This 
 adds some plausibility to the hunter's statement on 6, l. 
 8. oTTtiviKa properly refers to the time of day (Arist. 
 Birds, 1498 f .), but was often used in a more general sense, 
 especially in later writers (Arist. Frogs, 646 ; Dem. 
 230; 374, etc.). See Ruth. PAr?/?i. pp. 122-3. 9. e'xov- 
 Ttts: sc. 7]iJ.as, pers. obj. of alrCjv. G. 1069; H. 724. 
 11. d\\*, but on the contrary. Cf. 4, ii. jxt] ex€iv: 
 verbs of swearing, like those which involve the will, 
 regularly take ix-f} for their negative, and n-f] is often used, 
 conformably to the Greek use of negatives in general, 
 even after awofxwixL when it means ' deny with an oath. ' 
 See Gild. JM. p. 113 ; GMT. 136 ; 685. Here aTruifioadfi-qv 
 is probably used for an emphatic w/noa-dfxrjv, as appears 
 from the dedwKivai following. Cf. Babrius, Ixxv. 19-20. 
 
 KOLTibfioa-^ avTOts 6ti ci) rats a\r\d€lai$ 
 larpos oirK ei /cat fj-drrfv dLejBXrjOrfs. 
 
 airofMvvfxai is used once again, 24, 22. It is not found in 
 the middle in Attic writers. Sch. p. 94. 12. €i Be ftifj, 
 otherwise : a stereotyped phrase. SeSwKc'vai : the perf . 
 inf. representing the pluperf. ind. of a condition contrary 
 to fact, which is very unusual, may find justification here 
 in the fact that diSiofxc in the pres. often meant to offer, 
 e.g. 18, 7 ; 24, 12. c|€vi(rafji€v, entertain: from ^euL^o}. 
 Page 10. — 4. Tovs irvpYovs and ev tw Xi[j,evi (1. 5) 
 may be explanations offered by Dion himself. So 
 Reiske holds. Others would expunge them as a gloss. 
 10. d|XT|X<ivov, tremendous. Cf. devanav irorafxiov dfXTjxapa 
 tieyidt], Plato, Phaedo, 111 D. 12. apxovxas, magis- 
 
NOTES 43 
 
 trates. 13. ti ^■x\ •/€ : cf. 9, 12 ; 28, 21. 14. tt^v Kofiriv, 
 his long hair. Cf. 2, 19. note. 15. e^'arpov: theatres 
 were common all over Greece at this time, even in the 
 smaller towns, and were regularly used for public meet- 
 ings. See Mahaffy : Greek Life and Thought, p. 382 f. 
 €pd8itov : " the imperfect is a present transferred to the 
 past." GMT. 35. The action in this passage is repre- 
 sented as in progress. All the verbs describing the scene 
 are in the imp., with the exception of Kar^irea-ov, whose 
 tense is explained by dira^. i^ddL^ou, therefore, is not 
 'began to walk,' a force which the imp. seldom, if ever, 
 has. See Euth. Bab. p. 21 (xv. 4). Dion not infre- 
 quently uses such a succession of imperfects in a vivid 
 and detailed description. Cf. 23, ii-is ; 25, 8-26, 5. 
 
 16. a-vv: for the difference in use between <tvv and 
 fxerd^ see Tycho Mommsen : Beitrdge z. d. Lehre v. d. g. 
 Prdpositionen, p. 1. In later Greek the distinction does 
 not seem to have been maintained, except in the New 
 Testament and in Christian writers. See Gild. JM. p. 
 120. 18. o-Tpo'yyvXov k^ Ti|j.i<rovs, half ronnded {semi- 
 circular). The hunter's attempt at description will 
 seem less awkward when it is remembered that in later 
 Greek (pdpay^, a ravine, was sometimes used for ^oOpos, 
 a hole. Ruth. Bab. p. Ix. avT6\t.a.rov : cf. avTo/xaros 
 ddvuTos, a natural death, Dem. 296. 20. clSori ktX., a 
 favorite rhetorical turn, Thuc. II. c. 36, 4, and Hdt. VII. 
 c. 8, 1. Gild. JM. p. 121. 22. epdwv : constructio ad sen- 
 sum. G. 900 ; H. 609. This is reckoned as an Atticism : 
 see Sch. pp. 101-2 (cf. 1, 2). In Dion, the agreement of 
 the verb with a collective noun is somewhat variable : in 
 12, 12 and 23, 15 a single verb, closely following a collec- 
 tive, is in the sing. : of two verbs following, the nearer 
 is sing., the other plu., in this passage, in 13, 22, and 
 23, 12 : both are plu. in 12, 24. Where a verb or verbs 
 
44 NOTES 
 
 precede the collective they are commonly plu., e.g. Dion 
 I. p. 69, 14 (M. 72), p. 149, 25 (M. 188), II. p. 278, 26 
 (M. 281). irpaws Kal IXapol, in good humor. Dion 
 is very apt to double his adjectives after the manner of 
 the rhetoricians. Cf . 2, 15 ; 21 ; 3, 23 ; 9, 3 ; 13, 15 ; 20, 20 ; 
 as well as many other passages throughout where two 
 expressions are used, but with a more considerable dif- 
 ference in shade of meaning, e.g. 6, 7 ; 15 ; 20. 
 
 Page 11. — 2. T)v 8€ tovto ktX., and this was danger- 
 ous, this business of their anger. The article serves to 
 hold up the idea expressed by the dependent genitive 
 more distinctly as an object of thought, very much as 
 the article often adds a demonstrative force to the infini- 
 tive. Cf. 1, 3. note. G. 953 ; H. 730 b. 4. ols dve- 
 Kpa-yov, with what they shouted out. Geel would amend 
 to ev^Kpayov, referring oh to toi)s dvdpdbirovs. ircpiTpe- 
 X0VT6S ISe'ovTo, ran about begging for their lives. 8. aXXot 
 8e: translate ?}ioreover. Cf. 4, ii. note. 9. irapiovTcs: 
 i.e. on the platform. ol 8 Ik ktX., answering to the 
 ■jrapt6vT€s without the n^v. (jlcctcdv: notice the plural. 
 See Ruth, Bab. p. 74. 12. riva: cf. 1, 14. note. 
 
 13. €v0us (jjOc-y^afxc'vois, at their very first utterance. The 
 aorist here is complexive rather than inceptive, and 
 refers to the fact of their speaking at all as the cause of 
 the people's anger. The participle is predicative. Cf. 
 Xen. Sy7n. c. 3, 13 ; Hdt. VII. c. 46 ; Arist. Frogs, 644. 
 On the tense, see Gild. JM. p. 143 ; GMT. 148. 
 
 14. 86 KaGco-Tao-av : the true text here is uncertain. 
 All the better Mss. give a double augment, but differ 
 as to the verb-form. The majority have 5' iKadiad-ncav. 
 The editors since Emperius have emended this to 5k 
 KadiffTaa-av; before, to 5' eKudrjaav. It is, of course, im- 
 possible to decide on the authority of the Mss., none 
 of which is earlier than the eleventh century, whether 
 
NOTES 45 
 
 the first € belonged originally to the preposition or the 
 verb. See the article in Ruth. Phryn. pp. 79-87, on 
 irregularities in the augmentation of certain verbs (not 
 including Kadl<xTfifxi). Matthew xii. 13, however, has 
 air€KaT€<TTadTi; also Mark iii. 5 ; Lucian, Philopat. c. 27, 
 dneKaTiaTrja-e. Cf. 9, 2 ; 13, 23 ; 24, 25. On Kadidraadai 
 in the sense of to be quiet, see Sell. p. 160. Cf. Dion I. 
 p. 29, 10 (M. 31) ; p. 275, 7 (M. 870) ; p. 283, 27 (M. 379). 
 
 Page 12. — 2. iroWds von Arnim places after ifxire- 
 (pevrevKaai, with deference doubtless to the veracity of 
 the prosecutor. 4. yv\^ : G. 1134 ; H. 746, c. 5. 8w- 
 peav : adv. Cf. /j-aKpav, 7, 13. virep tivos, for xohat 
 service. 6. av eXaPov : potential indicative. G. 1335- 
 40 ; H. 903. 7. Xeirovp-yia, at Athens in classic times, 
 meant a burdensome public service which the richer 
 citizens performed at their own expense, voluntarily or 
 by appointment, such as supplying and training a chorus 
 for the theatre. In the Roman period almost all public 
 ofi&ces were ' liturgies ' in this sense. The word some- 
 times meant the public worship of the gods, and, when 
 adopted by the Christian church, an established ritual 
 for public worship, our ' liturgy.' 9. -yi-yvone'vwv, earn- 
 ings. "Neque aliquam partem fructuum et redituum 
 solverunt." Nageorgus. Cf, Lucian, Dream, c. 1. Tbv 
 iraTipa evcppavelv aTrocpipojv del rb yiy pdfxevou. See also 
 15, 12. olteXcis, exempt from taxes. 10. cvep-ycTat : 
 the title of evepy^rrjs was conferred upon foreigners in 
 Greek cities by a vote of the assembly, in recognition 
 of some special service. Such a title was like an honor- 
 ary degree, but also entitled the recipient to certain 
 privileges. 
 
 11. otp.ai often means fancy, ween (Latin opinari), as 
 opposed to ijyciadai, deem (ducere), used of solid convic- 
 tion. Gild. JM. p. 111. Cf. 13, 17. jATiSe : "the neg. 
 
46 NOTES 
 
 of the inf. after verbs of saying and thinking is regularly 
 OX). But in this period (the Eoman) the neg. fxi) is em- 
 ployed everywhere w^ith the inf." Gild. JM. p. 113. 
 Dion's frequent use of /at? for ov constitutes one of the 
 few distinct traces of a post-classical element in his 
 style. Cf. 18, 7. On Dion's use of m^?, see Sch. p. 99 ff. 
 See also the interesting article on the post-classical use of 
 1X7] in AJP. I. p. 45 ff. 12. aviviva-a : dvavedo} is the 
 opposite of /caraveuw, to nod assent. 14. lirio-Tpc'ij/as, 
 turning to the audience. So Geel ; while Reiske takes 
 evia-Tp^xpas = eiriffTpecp^ois elinbv, speaking impassionedly. 
 Cf. Hdt. I. c. 30. 15. oijTws : pregnans, so. owk av 
 (}>6dvoi|i€v kt\. , why donH we all proceed to plunder the 
 public property? Mahaffy. On the opt., see 4, 3. note. 
 On the tense of the part., see Gild. JM. p. 126 : " The 
 typical construction (of the part, with \av6dvu}^ Ty7xavw, 
 (pddpoi)) is identity of tenses, so far as continuance, at- 
 tainment, and completion is concerned, but the rule is 
 not closely observed except with (pedvco.''^ Cf. 6, 6. See 
 also GMT. 887 and 144. 17. dficXci, doubtless: adv. 
 19. |XTi 7r6i<ravT€s : another example of the post- classical /xij, 
 due in this instance perhaps to the fact that firj TreicravTes 
 had become almost a stereotyped phrase, generally with 
 a conditional force. See AJP. I. p. 55 ff. •unas: 
 referring to the body politic. 20. irpoiKa: gratis. 
 
 24. c-ycXwy, IGopvPovv : see 10, 22. note ; also 13, 22. 
 
 25. 6 pT|T<i)p Cobet regards as a gloss : cf. 10, 4. note. 
 Page 13. — 1. cts : not unknown after verbs of look- 
 ing, implying direction ; but irpos is more common in 
 Attic. 3. KaOdpjxaTOs, scamp., brute. 4. dTrd-yeiv, 
 hale to execution. Cf. Acts xii. 19, 'HpwSrjs 5k . . . dva- 
 Kplvas TOIL'S (pvXaKas eKiXevaev aTrax^^fat ; Philo, In Flac- 
 cum, c. 5 (II. p. 522 Mangey's edition) ; Justin M. Ap. II. 
 c. 2, 1. 48 and 59. No Greek magistrate, however, is 
 
NOTES 47 
 
 likely to have had any such arbitrary power. The pas- 
 sage in the text therefore must be regarded as merely 
 oratorical, and must not be taken too literally. 4. oXi-yov 
 8^0), I am almost ready. koivwvov, associate. 5. el- 
 vai : TTvvddvofiai. takes the constructions of clkovu} : as a 
 verb of thinking, in the sense of lam ginen to understand, 
 it takes the inf. ; as a verb of knowing, the part, or 6'rt. 
 See 18, 4. note. Kopv(})ai'ovs, ringleaders. 7. n'nSe: 
 see 12,11. note. vava-yiwv : G. 1117 ; H, 748. 9. a-\t- 
 86v Ti : frequent in Dion, but not unknown to classical 
 authors. Cf. 1, 9. Ka({>T]piSas (sc. irerpas), the Ca- 
 pharides, the name given to the treacherous rocks off 
 Cape Caphareus. See note to 1. 18 below. 10. iroXv- 
 T€\€is, rich. 13. €|«|iC8a: the exomis, or ordinary gar- 
 ment of the slaves and of laborers, especially countrymen, 
 differed from the chiton commonly worn by all freemen 
 in that, while the latter covered both shoulders, the 
 exomis hung from the left shoulder alone, and passed 
 thence across the chest, leaving the right arm, shoulder, 
 and breast bare. Like the chiton, the exomis reached 
 nearly to the knees. 
 
 17. otfjiai : parenthetical. Cf. 6, 8. note. 18. Nav- 
 irXiov : king of Euboea, whose son Palimedes was killed 
 at Troy through the treachery of Ulysses and others. 
 At the end of the Trojan war, when the Greek army was 
 returning home, Nauplius kindled beacon fires on Cape 
 Caphareus, and many of the Greeks, arriving at the coast 
 by night, were misled by the lights and shipwrecked on 
 the rocks. Strabo, c. 368, and Eurip. Hel. 1136 ff. 
 ToWoi/s 8i TTvpaevaas 
 (f>\oy€pbv creXas ajitpl pvrau 
 'Ev^oiav, etX' 'AxcliCjv 
 
 /XOVOKCOTTOS dl>T]p TTeT/SOtS 
 
48 NOTES 
 
 19. otfiai: cf. 12, 11. note. 22. T|7piovTo, loejit wild. 
 23. €5€8oiK£iv : for the augment, see notes on 9, 2 ; 11, 14. 
 |i^ ktX., G. 1378 ; 1073 ; H. 887 ; 725, a. 
 
 Page 14. — 1. kTTin.Kr\9, gentlema7ily. 3. o-xiinaros, 
 mien. (i€v : see 4, 15. note. The iireira elire conveys 
 the contrast. 4. 6o-iwini<rav : constructio ad sensum. 
 Cf. 10, 22. note. rfi <})a)vfj irpaus, in a quiet tone. G. 
 1182; H. 780. 5. on clSlkovo-iv : eiVetv, in the sense of 
 say., commonly takes 6'ri or is in classic Greek ; for eiirelv 
 originally gives the exact utterance (eVos). Gild. JM. 
 p. 128. But see AJP. XIV. p. 375 ; VI. 489 ; IV. 88. 
 Notice also the avoidance of the opt. in the secondary 
 sequence. tt^v dp-yriv : cf. 8, 13. note. The Mss. unite 
 in giving apy-fiv, Boissonade and von Arnim, however, 
 TTjv dpyov. See Ruth. Phryn. p. 185 ; Bab. p. 62 (Ixii. 1). 
 11. Toi 8vo jAcpt] : in the expression of a fraction in Greek, 
 the denominator is invariably omitted when it exceeds 
 the numerator by only one, e.g. two-thirds, three-fourths, 
 etc. Cf. Time. II. x. 2. 6p€ivd: i.e. waste. Von 
 Arnim, Dindorf, Emperius, after Pflugk, emend to eprffxd, 
 contrary to the Mss. eprj/xa certainly seems more natural. 
 6p€iv6s properly means pertaining to the mountains ; but 
 may perhaps be tolerated here as figurative. Cf . Babrius, 
 xii. 20 f., to which Rutherford quotes from Harpocration, 
 ipyas KoXeiTaL to. Xox/awSt; Kal opetva x^p^a /cat ovk iirepya- 
 ^SfJLeva. 
 
 17. irpocrT€\€'o-ai|ii : sc. dv. el with the opt. in the prot- 
 asis and the opt. and (i;/ in the apodosis is aptly called 
 the ideal condition. "It is the condition of fancy, and 
 is chiefly used for illustration, or when an element of 
 hope or fear (wish) comes in. In later Greek et with 
 the opt. is not so sharply distinguished from idv with the 
 subj. as in the classic period, and occasional deviations 
 are to be found in all stages." Gild. JM. p. 108. 
 
NOTES 49 
 
 17. StiXov: sc. €<ttL. 18. irXcovos : G. 1135; lUO ; 
 H. 753, f. 19- €V€pv6s: the use of this adjective in 
 its passive sense is not so common in the classic period. 
 Xenophon, however, uses it freely. Cf. Xen. Cyr. III. 
 
 ii. 19. 
 
 Page 15.-5. ^iis: G. 1091; H. 736. Cf. 11. 16. 
 6. tt4)op|i^v, capital, originally ' a starting-point.' Justm 
 M. Ap. I. c. 4, 25 ; c. 44, 27. For a discussion of this word, 
 see Ruth. Phryn. p. 304. 7. tI Svvaros: sc. ipyd^eadat. 
 9. a-rr^KXayiiivoi: sc. 2><xi. 10. dp-yias Kal ircvCas: this 
 perhaps for rhetorical effect. 11. i\6vTu>v: imperative. 
 Here Dion uses the more classical form ; in the next line, 
 however, the longer ending. 12. Ta|d|j.€voi, assessed. 
 T. ixo?pap 6\'n-nv is rendered by Nageorgus " constitutam 
 modicam partem." 13. diro Se tcov po<rKti|idT<ov: only 
 the cultivation of the public land was to be taxed, while 
 cattle-grazing on untilled land was to be free. 
 
 13. cdv vewpv^ : the " anticipatory condition." "This 
 is the common form, 1. Of the future condition ; 2. Of 
 the universal condition (good for all time) : it is chiefly 
 used in practical matters, and is the invariable form in 
 laws (legal condition)." Gild. JM. p. 105. 15. 8i- 
 TrXdo-iov 4i : cf. G. 1154 ; H. 755, a. 17. elvai : G. 1537- 
 40 ; H. 957, a ; GMT. 784, 2. Cf. Xen. Hel. I. vii. 9. 
 21. irpodo-Tciov, suburbs. 22. tcCxo^s: notice the 
 
 absence of the article. See Kr. 50, 2, 15 (also 47, 
 10, 4). 23. a|iov eav|j,d<rat, one may well wonder. 
 priTopwv: G. 1102; H. 744. 25. 8c, whereas. 
 
 Page 16. — 2. ot»8€v: see 12, ii. note. As Schmid 
 (p. 99), in commenting on Dion's use of ov and /xij, re- 
 marks, oi> has persisted in modern Greek only in the forms 
 5^^ and c5xt. Cf. 19, 19. 8. €|ipd\\€i : intransitive. 
 
 9. povXeuT^piov ktX., the seriate house and the public 
 offices. Cf. Xen. Cyr. I. ii. 3. For the formation, see 
 
50 NOTES 
 
 G. 843; H. 561. 10. wo-re: see 6, 2. note. irpwrov: 
 Seidell's correction for irpiorovs. 
 
 14. TaXaiirwpovs ISiwras, poor commoners. On l8id}Tr)$, 
 see Xen. 3Iem. III. xii. 1. 17. XcoiroSvTwcriv, be sneak- 
 thieves. 18. TovTous eav, allow these men to remain 
 in possession. Cf. the expression ' No one is allowed 
 on the premises.' 18. viroTcXovvras : conditional. 
 
 19. TO Xoiirov: Sell. p. 125. o<rov ixerpiov, whatever 
 is reasonable. ircpl 8€ twv ktX., to remit their back 
 rents. 21. KartXaPovTo, i.e. they have a squatter's 
 right. 22. tov x<«>P^o": cf. 12, 4. 23. cXcIttovos: 
 
 G. 1133; H. 746. 25. IXoiSopovvTo : reflexive, they 
 
 stormed at each other. 
 
 Page 17. — 1. re'Xos: adv. povXojiai : note the 
 
 avoidance of the Opt. Cf. 3, 18. and 1. 14 below. 
 5. wp.T]v: see 13, 19. note. 6. 4>XvapovvTos : gen. abs. 
 with TovTov understood ; its object is dypois, etc. G. 
 1568 fine print; H. 972, a. 8. -qv: G. 1511 ; H. 871. 
 9. e8(0Ka(j.£v, rifiev: G. 1371; H. 884. 10. (xaKapicDv, 
 gentry. 12. kciv: anticipatory condition. Cf. 15, 13. 
 13. Iirrfveo-av, applauded. 
 
 18. apKcia: a late form for dpKTeia, adj. from dpKos or 
 dpKTos, a bear. But see Sch. p. 156. Tpd^cia, goat-skins. 
 19. aXXa 8c ktX., a7id what are not old are small. aXXa 
 is here equivalent to a rd p-ep, contrasted with the rd 5^ 
 following. Cf. 11, 8. 
 
 Page 18. — 2. ay poiKov, farmer. 4. oiKoiicis: "dKovco, 
 as a verb of knowing, takes the participle, or 6ti ; as a 
 verb of thinking, the inf. ; of actual perception, the gen. 
 and partic." Gild. JM. p. 124. Cf. 28, 18. 5. rdXav- 
 Tov : the word originally meant a balance, then a stand- 
 ard weight, then a sum of money. The archon, of course, 
 meant the money talent : the countryman knew the talent 
 only as a weight, about 85 pounds in his time. The 
 
NOTES 51 
 
 English have this double use of pound.. 6. GtXoijxcv: 
 this is the only optative in simple indirect discourse in 
 this text. The very next question, 1. 12, depending 
 upon the identical verb-form rjpibTa, has its verb in the 
 pres. ind. See 2, 5. note, and also 2, 7. lo-rapiev, 
 
 weigh. 7. 8i8ojx€v, we are ready to give: so used in 
 pres. and imp. 9. o-KeXCScs kt\. , sides of bacon, veni- 
 son, and other fine meat. ■yevvata : see 29, 3. note. 
 
 13. Avo fjicSCuvovs ktX., three bushels of icheat, six of 
 barley and as many of millet, and a half a peck of beans. 
 The medimnus, the standard grain measure, was equal 
 to about U bushels. The eKrei/s (from ^ktos, e^) was a 
 sixth part of a medimnus. 16. t-htcs, this year: an 
 unusual word in literature, but perhaps common enough 
 to a countryman : it occurs three times in Aristophanes. 
 21. oircos Tilei: G. 1372, fine print; 1352; H. 885-6. 
 Lys. xii. 50. 
 
 Page 19. — 3. €Tra<}>a)o-iv (e7r-a0-t77;iit), leave them on 
 the vines. I'va : parenthetical use of iVa with the subj. 
 as the inf. is sometimes used in English. Out of tm with 
 the subj. the modern Greek infinitive was developed. 
 Cf. Xen. Sym. ii. 26. 5. j3ovs koXoPtj, a muJoy cow. 
 6. Spe'irava, SiKcWai, sickles, mattocks. 9. to. Be Kcpd- 
 jjicia, as for the crockery — lohy should one speak of that. 
 Note the use of the pot. opt. in a rhetorical question, 
 implying its own answer. 11. Suo-l: this form is not 
 used by Herodotus or any Attic writer. It is found, 
 however, in Hippocrates and Aristotle, and in later 
 writers generally. It is common in Dion [I. p. 110, 14 
 (M. 145); 249, 11 (M. 342); II. p. 197, 12 (M. 640); 224, 
 11 (M. 667)]. 12. o-iTcLpiov : see 27, 16. note. 
 
 17. €K€ivov: G. 1123; H. 751-2. 17. hoi8ok€iv: of. 
 2, 21. G. 1534 ; H. 956. 20. irpos Piav : a common use 
 of irpos in adverbial phrases. Kr. 68, 39, 8 ; Sch. p. 168. 
 
52 NOTES 
 
 dXXorpCcDv, foreigners. Here the speaker replies to the 
 insinuation, made by the first speaker, that he was not 
 a citizen (12, ii). Further on (20, 19 ff.) he refers to 
 the attempt to blacken his character by the suggestion 
 that he and his companion caused the wreck of ships in 
 order to plunder the wreckage and the bodies washed 
 ashore (13, 7 ff.). For the case, see G. 1118 ; H. 748, a. 
 
 21. cirei Toi, for you know. '■'■ rot appeals to the con- 
 sciousness of the hearer." Gild. JM. p. 114. eTre^ 
 TOL is a common formula in Dion. See Sch. p. 187. 
 
 22. iraTpos: G. 1103; H. 742, c. Kai -ttotc ckcivos kt\., 
 "cum fieret aliquando, ut, in urbem appulsus, interve- 
 niret largitioni numariae, tulit et ipse partem suam 
 ratam." Reiske. It was of course the best proof of 
 citizenship that a man should have been allowed to share 
 in a ' state dole.' Of. Lucian, Timon, c. 49. SiSojievw 
 is predicative. The pred. part, is often best rendered in 
 English by a verbal noun ; the substantive must then be 
 translated by a genitive. Such a participial phrase may 
 be in any of the constructions possible to a verbal noun, 
 e.g. pufxrjv Kal i] vrjao^ ifxirpTjOeiaa irapeix^'^, Thuc. IV. c. 
 29. Cf. the familiar use of the part, in Latin, e.g. ab 
 urbe condita. See Kr. 56, 10, 2 ; 60, 11, 3. 
 
 Page 20. — 4. <)>avTivai : note the aor. inf. after the 
 fut. verb. G. 1520. 6. el fiVj yi : elliptical. Cf. 28, 21. 
 Xoi8opov(ji6vov, ivith his tongue. 11. Ka06\ov|X£v : a late 
 fut. of Kadacp^ix}. Cf. Anth. Plan. 334. oirws 8w<r€Te : 
 see 18, 21. note. 13. x^^Hi-^vos : the gen. of time died 
 out in ordinary Greek. The Atticists revived its use in 
 their effort after classic elegance. But in classic Greek 
 the gen. denoted only time within which; the Atti- 
 cists used it also to denote duration. Sch. p. 90. Cf. I. 
 p. 205, 27 (M. 116) ; II. 106, 10 (M. 549) ; 138, 29 (M. 
 582) ; 210, 18 (M. 053). 
 
NOTES 53 
 
 15. il Be ktX. : the logical condition. See Gild. JM. 
 p. 111. The el 5^ resumes the thought of iav 5i (1. 9), 
 what intervenes being parenthetical. On the ov, see 
 Gild. JM. p. 214. The sentence is conditional only in 
 form ; the fact of their not living in the city is asserted, 
 and therefore ov is used. 16. <rT€vox.a)pia, misery : a 
 post-classical meaning. Cf. Dion, I. p. 252, 23 (M. 345); 
 Dion Cassius, xxxix. 34, r^s toO Katpov o-Tej/oxwp^as, 
 the hardness of the times ; 2 Corinthians vi. 4. See Sch. 
 p. 163. The word originally meant only ' narrowness of 
 space.' 17. ov Brjirov, / should not think. This is the 
 only sentence in which he pleads for his home. On 
 Dion's use of ov ot/ttou for the post-classical ovx oTou, see 
 Sch. p. 184. 19. See 13, 7. 24. Kal onovv, any- 
 thing at all : the Kai merely emphasizes the following 
 word. 
 
 Page 21. — 1. ri^pav, splinters ; properly ashes. Dion 
 may have been reading Plutarch, Them. c. 8, where the 
 debris left by the burning of the wreckage at Artemesium 
 is called k6vi.v Te<ppd}8T]. o-fjLiKpd = /xiKpa. See Meister- 
 hans : Gram. d. Att. Inschr. p. 68, 12. 3. rappovs, oar- 
 blades : Jacobs' suggestion for the \dpovs of the Mss., 
 which von Arnim retains. 4. Kal tovtous : epanalep- 
 tic use of the demonstrative, frequent in Dion, also in 
 Xenophon. Sch. p. 94. 6. etr] : G. 1507; H. 870. 
 10. 4>a-yeiv, iriciv : G. 1532, 1 ; H. 951. Cf. 22, 22 ; 24 ; 
 25, 13. 12. olKou|i€vwv, settlements. 14. os "ye, / 
 who. Often in Dion the rel. with ye or ye Kai is used 
 in a causal sense. Sch. p. 93. 
 
 Page 22. — 2. Xo-yw, 'e'pYO) : an antithesis sanctioned 
 by immemorial usage. 5. Kal os : demonstrative use of 
 6's. Cf. Plato, Phaedo\l%: b &i>dpu}iroi e^eKd\v\pev avrdv, 
 Kai OS ra 6/xfj.aTa eo-rtja-ev. See also 3, 1. note. 6. rpC- 
 Tov cTos : G. 1064; H. 721. 7. iravTtXws bXi'^oi tiv€s, 
 
54 NOTES 
 
 mighty few. On tlv4s with the adj., see 1, 14. note. 
 
 10. (jjao-KwXCois : diminutive of (pdaKioXos (Latin pasceo- 
 lus), a leathern purse. The word is rare and late. 
 
 11. "Yvfjivol, destitute. dTpairov, path. 12. evprjo-eiv : 
 G. 1286; H. 948, a. Cf. the aor. diacpdaprjvai, 1. 14. 
 <rKCTri]v, shanty. 
 
 17. ovK d6p6ov, dWd : Dion is fond of such antith- 
 eses, where the negative member often adds nothing to 
 the sense, but emphasizes the positive. Sch. p. 172. 
 20. dveXaPov diretl/vyiievovs, brought us hack to life, for 
 we were half dead. 21. KaraKXivavrcs : causative. 
 22. ols: G. 1181 ; H. 776. 23. l<t>0V> boiled: cf.23, i. 
 25. Kpea : obj. of '^dwKav. 
 
 Page 23. — 1. rd 8€ : see 3, i. note. 6. xi'''«viov: 
 the frequency of diminutives in this text is very notice- 
 able, x''^'^ "'«''» however, properly meant an undergar- 
 ment, commonly the under-tunic worn by women. In 
 later times, when both men and women wore under- 
 tunics, the men's garment was called xi''''»"'tV/fos, although 
 Plutarch uses this word for both sexes. See Eustathius 
 on Diad. xviii. 595; Becker, Gharicles, p. 417. 7. pd- 
 Kos, rag. TrcpictwcraTO : i^ujupv/xi. 
 
 13. x°''^P*» '*o'^ ^''^ 2/^'* -^ The ordinary word of greet- 
 ing, 14. €<j)C\ouv, kissed. The Scholiast says: "To 
 kiss one's friends was a Persian custom ; but among 
 the Greeks it was countrified, for men in the cities shook 
 hands with one another. From this custom came the 
 phrase de^ioGa-dai. But even among the Persians, not 
 every one who met an acquaintance greeted him with a 
 kiss, but only an equal ; an inferior bowed, while one 
 still lower stood aside from the walk." Cf. Xen. Ag. 
 V. 4 ; Cyr. I. iv. 27-28 ; Hdt. I. c. 134. Mahaffy recalls 
 Plutarch, Conjug. Praecepta,, c. 13. 17. ttiv dpxtiv : an 
 Attic expression, for which Polybius uses i^ dpx^s or 
 
NOTES 55 
 
 rds dpxois. Sch. p. 110. Cf. 16, 24. 19. Trpvravtiov, 
 town-hall, a building consecrated to Hestia and con- 
 taining the hearth of the state. Here the chief magis- 
 trates held their meetings, and foreign ambassadors and 
 sometimes citizens, distinguished for some special service, 
 were entertained. eirl ^c'via, to dinner: Dindorf's cor- 
 rection for the i-rrl ^evig. of the Mss. See Cobet, Var. 
 Lcct. p. 81. Cf. Hdt. V. c. 18 ; Xen. Anab. VI. i. 3 ; Hel. 
 VI. IV. 20. 
 
 Page24. — 4. Qvyaripa: G. 1069 ; H. 724. 5. ciri- 
 8ovvai, xj/'ri<j)io-ao-0at (8), Sovvai (10) : sc. doKec. See 23, 
 19 ; 15, 17. note. x''''""^^'' iK-driov : the garments of the 
 Greeks were of two classes, evdv/jLara and ewt.- or irepL^Xr]- 
 fiara. The ordinary evdv/xa was the chiton. For men 
 this was commonly a short woollen shirt without sleeves ; 
 the women's chiton reached to the ground. See 13, 13. 
 note. The himation was the ordinary Trepi^X-qfxa, and 
 differed from the Roman toga in being nearly square. 
 Athen. v. c. 50. See Becker, Charicles, p. 413 ff. 
 7. SiKaiois: G. 928, 1; H. 941. 9. ixriSe'va : G. 1519; 
 H. 1023. 11. KaTaoTKeuiqv, outfit. 
 
 16. 8vva<rat : note the avoidance of indirect discourse. 
 21. Tpoirov : adverbial. 22. dtrwixoo-dfii^v : cf. 9, ii. 
 
 The Mss. add Xi^rpea-dai, some, of inferior authority, in- 
 serting also fx-^. Von Arnim, following Wilamowitz, 
 rejects the reading. XdpT) : G. 1358-9 ; 1490 ; H. 866, 
 3. "A question in the subj. expects an answer in the 
 imperative ; hence the person is chiefly the first person. 
 Occasionally we find this subj. question used as a purely 
 indicative fut. (Luke 11, 5), in which the earlier and 
 later stages of the language meet." Gild. JM. p. 136. 
 23. KaTopv^-g : cf. 19, 14. 25. rivcoxX-ilo-e : note the 
 double augment. See 11, 14. note. 
 
56 NOTES 
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 
 Fortunatus et ille, deos qui novit agrestis 
 Panaque Silvanumque senem Nymphasque sorores. 
 ilium non populi fasces, iion purpura regum 
 flexit et infidos agitans discordia fratres. 
 
 quos rami fructus, quos ipsa voleutia rura 
 sponte tulere sua, carpsit nee ferrea iura 
 insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit, 
 
 Virgil, Georgics II. 493 ff. 
 
 3. iroXtTas: G. 1069; H. 724. 
 
 8. The description which follows here has so close a 
 parallel in Plato's Republic (11. 372) that Dion seems 
 to have taken the detail of his picture directly from 
 his master in philosophy. 10. (TTipdSos, bedstead. 
 12. wpaCa ^diiov : G. 1145 ; H. 754, e. wpaios alone was 
 used in this sense. Cf . Babrius xcviii. 1. Here it may be 
 translated grown up. 14. irapaTiGt'vTes, i.e. serving 
 the meal. 19. o-aTpairciiv Kal PacriXecov, nabobs and 
 
 kings. Perhaps Dion was thinking of certain Asiatic 
 princes who retained some nominal authority by favor 
 of the Romans. 
 
 Page 26. — 2. €ti jxaWov, all the more^ repeating the 
 idea of fidXiara (25, 19). t€ Kal eXevGtpCav, and at the 
 same time the independence. 4. dWd ktX., but even 
 had someivhat the advantage (of rich men) iji these 
 things. irXeovcKT^o} often takes a gen. of the person and 
 dat. of the thing. Cf. Xen. Cyr. IV. iii. 21, en 5', c^t;, 
 kolI Tot<r5e irXeoveKTrja-u toO itnroKevTavpov. The antithesis 
 is similar to that in 22, 17. 
 
 8. ovK d-ycvv^s : litotes, a common figure in Dion. Cf. 
 
NOTES 57 
 
 1, 7 ; 27, 16, etc. See Sch, p. 170. 9. T|pv0pia(r€v, 
 blushed. 
 
 14. AvTTi : see 23, 6, 16. Kal os : see 3, i. note. 
 Cf. Plato, Prot. 310 D. 17. irpos : an unusual and 
 late use of the preposition. Sch. p. 168. €8607) : cf. 
 Babrius xcviii. 4. 8l5oj/xl yij/xai. 19. The wife is quick 
 to resent this reflection on their happiness, and the 
 insinuation that her daughter married for money. 
 20. \a|xpdvou(ri, receive presents. 
 
 Page 27. — 3. ire'pvo-i Se irap' avrwv : the rripvcri. is due 
 to Casaubon, the rest to Wilamowitz. 4. ij/iXov, mere : 
 an odd use, but found in classical Greek. €v0vs: used 
 properly only with gen. abs. and participial phrases, e.g. 
 dp^d/xevos evdi/s KaOiaTafxiuov (sc, tov ttoX^/j.ov'), Thuc. 1. 1. 1 ; 
 ToTs KoXo?5 ei/dijs ISSptcs edvoi yLyv6/j.€da, Isoc. x. 66. Here 
 yevofi^vrjs might be supplied with depeias ; but cf. vapa- 
 XPVfJ-a rri% evepyealas, Dion I. p. 148, 33 (M. 187). The 
 gen. alone with evdm may seem less strange when it is 
 remembered that in later Greek ivdv$ was often confused 
 with evdv which took the gen. directly, but always of 
 place. evOvs in this sense has a partial parallel in the 
 English use of ' directly.' For examples see Kr. 56, 10, 3 ; 
 Ruth. Phryn. p. 222 f. 7. T|pu0pia(rdTTiv : the dual had 
 entirely disappeared before Dion's time : its use by the 
 Atticists was something of an affectation. Cf. 1. 25. 
 10. )Ji,€iSid(ras, smiling. 
 
 16. cre^viov : another diminutive. Cf. 19, 12 ; 1. 22 ; 
 29, 17, and elsewhere. These words are evidently used 
 to give to the language of these Euboean peasants a cer- 
 tain homely flavor, and call to mind the very frequent 
 use of diminutive forms in the spoken language of modern 
 Greece. Sch. p. 162. ce\-rimov is used by Athenaeus 
 (vii. c. 3), and also by Theophrastus. Greek weddings 
 were most frequently held in the bridal month, Gamelion. 
 
68 NOTES 
 
 Morel, in his scholia on this passage, quotes from Sopho- 
 cles, Frag. 713 (which, however, has nothing to do with 
 weddings) : 
 
 UpSauira KoXXvPovaa Kal TrXrjpovfi^vT]. 
 
 On superstitions about the full moon see Plutarch, Quaest. 
 Horn. c. 77, evTQKelv yap iv rats TravaeXrjvoLS fidXiaTa doKovai. 
 19. €\a<|>ov kt\., I can track dovjn a stag and meet the 
 charge of a wild boar. This use of KaTairov^uj is post- 
 classical : it is found also in Plut. and Luc. Sch. p. 160. 
 22. 6\aPes : translate run down. XivapCw, snare : a 
 vulgarism. Sch. p. 161. 
 
 Page 28. — 2. rj^(rxvv^y\., was embarrassed. 5. Upeiov, 
 sacrifice. irpiriTat : v. sub oiviofiai. 
 
 10. "yevvaiov, a fine one. 11. €<}>ti, said yes. Kal 
 iToQiv <roi : G. 1171 ; H. 770. 12. rcKva, litter. 
 
 14. d\6 vTi ktX., the pig was evidently stunned, and the 
 young man, in order that he might not kill it or let it 
 escape, wrapped it up in the skin which he was wearing. 
 See 13, 14, The reading here and the explanation are 
 due to Geel : the Mss. give /cat dXXoi to 84pfji.a eiri^aXov. 
 
 15. Kw[XT) : cf. 8, 10. 16. xotpov, a young porker^ i.e. 
 a young domestic pig : x^^^P^^ was used especially of a 
 sucking pig. Ath. ix. c. 17 and 54 ; Homer, Od. xiv. 80. 
 The wild pig in this case was of the wrong gender (cf. 
 ivhs 1. 13 and ttjs avos 1. 19). Although in 1. 5 the father 
 speaks of sacrificing to the gods in general, yet it was to 
 Hera especially, as the goddess of marriage and child- 
 birth, that sacrifice was offered on the wedding day. It 
 was the custom that the animal should be of the same 
 sex as the divinity to whom it was sacrificed. 
 
 17. TttvTa apa, then that was xohy . 18. oikovcov: cf. 
 18, 4. note. 20. cvpotSes, chestnuts. Euboea was 
 
 famous for its chestnuts, hence the name. The more 
 
NOTES 59 
 
 common name was Kdpva Kaarava'ia or Kaarava. The 
 Euboean chestnuts were given a had name by Mnesi- 
 theus for indigestibility (Ath. ii. c. 43). 21. paXdvovs, 
 acorns. The word was often used of nuts in general. 
 Athenaeus (ii. c. 41-43) speaks of the Ai6s ^aXavov, evi- 
 dently the walnut, and in the same chapter he calls this 
 very Euboean chestnut /SaXavos : U-mfiov Kdpv6v re Eu- 
 ^oe'es, /3dXarov U fxeTe^irepoL Ka\i<javTO. The sense of the 
 passage, however, seems to be : there were not enough 
 chestnuts to fatten her, unless she had been willing to 
 eat acorns with them. The pig was evidently too dainty 
 to eat the ordinary mast, kavtis was often used of num- 
 ber and quantity, regularly so in the New Testament 
 (6xXos iKav6s, Acts xi. 24 ; iKavov xp<^^o^^ ^cts xiv. 3). 
 Cf. Tpb Uapov, Dion II. p. 295, 1 (M. 298). For ei p.-fi ye 
 von Arnim conjectures rj m^^, a doubtful improvement 
 even if it had Ms. authority. 22. iropevecCs : note the 
 use of the part, to particularize the action of the verb. 
 It is used here and in 1. 5, and gives color to the language 
 of these peasants. The idiom is as old as Homer, but in 
 Hellenistic Greek has been regarded by some as an Ori- 
 entalism, especially in the Septuagint, where it is often 
 in imitation of the Hebrew inf. abs. (Winer, N, T. Gram- 
 mar, ed. of 1873, pp. 354-5). Sch. p. 97. 
 
 Page 29.-2. ova, sorb-apples, the fruit of the ser- 
 vice-tree, Pyrus (Sorbus) domestica, akin to the moun- 
 tain ash. These berries ripened in the fall, and were split 
 for eating [cf. wo-Trep ol to. 6a (rifivovres), Plato, Sym. 
 190 E.]. |jt€<ririXa, medlars. "The medlar is a small 
 bushy tree related to the crab-apple, wild in central and 
 southern Europe, but introduced from western Asia. Its 
 fruit resembles a small brown-skinned apple, but with 
 a broad disk at the summit surrounded by the remains 
 of the calyx lobes. When first gathered it is harsh and 
 
60 NOTES 
 
 uneatable ; but in the early stages of decay it acquires 
 an acid flavor much relished by some. Shak. As Yoii 
 Like It, III. 2, 123." Cent, Diet. 3. rr\s -yevvaias trra- 
 <J)u\t1s kt\., plump cluster's of fine grapes. Schmid (p. 113) 
 calls attention to the application of the adj. yewalos to 
 lifeless objects, and says that the word was lacking alto- 
 gether in the later language ; that Plato and Xen. use it 
 of animals. Schmid also marks the word as occurring 
 only once in Dion, doubtless in this sense. The word, 
 however, occurs five times in this text alone ; once of 
 men (yewaioi ra au/xara, 9, 3), once of meat (18, 10), 
 twice of vines (19, i ; 29, 3), and once of an animal for 
 sacrifice (lepeiou, 28, lo). Plato (Laios, 844 E.) uses this 
 identical phrase yevpaiav a-racpvXriv and yewaia avKa. 
 
 5. airo, from the stains of: cf. Dion I. p. 82, 18 (M. 85). 
 
 6. TTTcpiSa, fern. 8. iraiSids, jokes. 9. dprovs Ka- 
 Oapovs, loaves made of fine flour, dpros meant a loaf of 
 wheat bread, while /xd^a was of barley. Cf. 22, 23 ; 8, i. 
 For the meaning of ica^apo's, see Ath. iii. c. 74 : avyKoixiardu 
 — TOVTO 5* eivai 0?7(rt Kai 6iaxwpr;Ti/cc6re/)o;' toO Kadapov, 
 10. cod kt\., boiled eggs on wooden platters and roasted 
 vetches. "Phaenias, in his book about plants, says: 
 Pulse, beans, and vetches, when they are tender, are used 
 for dessert ; but when they are dry, they are usually eaten 
 boiled or roasted." Ath. ii. c. 44. Roasted ip^jStpdoi must 
 have been a great delicacy, for it is said of one man that 
 
 Tpwyoiv ipe^ivdovs aireirviyq Tr€<f>pvyfJL4vov5. 
 
 12. The party is now complete, and around their fire- 
 side on this fall evening, over their supper of fruit and 
 nuts, they talk about the wedding. 
 
 Trap -rrvpl XPV TOiavra X^yeiv x^i-l^^fo^ ^^ ^PV 
 €v kXlv]] fxaXaKij KaTaKeijxevov, '4p.ir\eov Svra, 
 trlvovTa y\vKi>v olvov, vTroTpwyovr' ipe^ivdovi. 
 
 Ath. ii. c. 44. 
 
NOTES 61 
 
 And see also Aristoph. Peace, 1131-37. 13. dS€\({>i- 
 Zr\v, niece. 15. irap' tjixwv, on our side. The Mss. give 
 Trap' r]fx?Vy which Emperius emends. 16. aX<j)iTa Kal 
 aXcvpa, meal and flour (of barley and wheat; cf. Plato, 
 Bep. 372 B.), doubtless to sprinkle over the sacrifice. 
 Cf. Homer, Od. xiv. 429. For a full account of a sac- 
 rifice, see Od. iii. 418-463. These ceremonies remained 
 essentially unaltered in later times. See Guhl and Koner : 
 Life of the Greeks and Bomans, tr. from 3d ed. p. 283 ff. 
 17. olvapiov: cf. 27, IG. The word is found in Dem. and 
 in comic writers. Sch. p. 128. olvdpiop often meant a 
 poor, cheap wine, a phrase which recalls the English 
 ' small beer.' Athenaeus (iii. c. 9) quotes from Apollo- 
 dorus of Carystos: 
 
 ttXtjv rb olvapiov ir&vv 
 ^V 6^V Kal TTOVIJpdv, (VCTT T^o'xvvd/J.'rjv. 
 
 And again (ii. c. 56), irielv olvdpiov Jjv dfx<pl^o\ov. The iu- 
 nocens Lesbium of Horace (Carm. I. 17, 21) is called 
 olvdpLov in Ath. i. c. 51. 19. t6v kiiSco-ttiv, his future 
 father-in-law. 
 
 Page 30. — 2. 6 €ir€x<«>v, the one who is keeping us 
 back. 3. |jL€'v : solitarium. Cf. 4, 15. 4. tov Xtirovs 
 Siappa-yiqo-cTai, is ready to burst with fat. 5. opa, take 
 care. 6. ovtos vfiiv, your friend here. 8. avrov, 
 than his wont: cf. Thuc. I. viii. 3: w's irXva-iuTepoL iav- 
 tQv yLyv6/j.€voi. 12. dXiicav, distracted. 13. dviaorOai, 
 be teased. 17. trpoo-neivai ttjv T)|ji^pav, to stay until 
 the day. 
 
INDEX 
 
 OF MATTERS TREATED IN THE NOTES 
 
 [The figures refer to pages and lines in the text.] 
 
 GREEK 
 
 d/coi/w, 18, 4. 
 dWd, 4, 11. 
 dXXos, 4, 11 ; 17, 19. 
 
 &\((>LTOV, 29, 16. 
 dvavevoj, 12, 12. 
 a^irdyoj, 13, 4. 
 dirofivv/xai, 9, 11 ; 24, 22. 
 dpyri, 14, 5. 
 dpKeios, 17, 18. 
 dpx'^'', TTji/, 23, 17. 
 Atto, 6, 3. 
 avrSfxaros, 10, 18. 
 dcpopfi-q^ 15, 6. 
 /^dXai/os, 28, 21. 
 /SacriXeiJs, 6, 1 ; 25, 19. 
 yevvoLos^ 29, 3. 
 5^, 3, 1 ; 23, 1. 
 5t5w/x(, 9, 12 ; 18, 7. 
 bv<ji, 19, 11. 
 et 5^ fXT], 9, 12. 
 ei M7? 7f, 20, ; 28, 21. 
 e^Kcifw, 2, 16. 
 
 eiTTOJ', 14, 5. 
 ets, 13, 1. 
 iK, 3, 1 ; 5, 13. 
 ^i/Tos, 15, 22. 
 i^u}IJ.is, 13, 13. 
 ivLO-Tpi^as, 12, 14. 
 ip^^Lvdos, 29, 10. 
 ev^otdes, 28, 20. 
 evepy^TTjs, 12, 10. 
 ei)^t;s, 27, 4. 
 ifxdTiou, 24, 5. 
 tW, 19, 3. 
 Kadapvs^ 29, 9. 
 Ka^eXcD, 20, 11. 
 /cai, 20, 24. 
 Karairov^o}^ 27, 19. 
 Ko07jpt5€s, 13, 18. 
 Ko jLidw, 2, 19. 
 Xdpos, 21, 3. 
 XeiTovpyia, 12, 7. 
 XotTTOJ/, t6, 16, 19. 
 fxaKdpLos, 5, 12 ; 17, 10. 
 
 63 
 
64 
 
 INDEX 
 
 fxaKpdv, 3, 10. 
 
 li^di/xvos, 18, 13. 
 
 /i^v, 4, 15; 14, 3; 30, 3. 
 
 fji^aoi, 11, 9. 
 
 Ix^cttlKov^ 29, 2. 
 
 )iiT^, 3, 19; 12, 11; 19; 13, 7. 
 
 Nai/TrXios, 13, 18, 
 
 ^^j/m, ^TTt, 23, 19. 
 
 oifxai, 6, 8 ; 12, 11 ; 13, 17 ; 
 
 19 ; 17, 5. 
 oirrjviKa, 9, 8. 
 opeivSs, 14, 11. 
 Kal OS, 3,1; 22, 5 ; 26, 15. 
 6's 76, 21, 14. 
 dafXTj, 8, 5. 
 6(TTIS, 1, 8. 
 Srav^ 3, 15. 
 ov, 20, 15. 
 ouS^j', 16, 2. 
 oSov, 29, 2. 
 oi/ros, 21, 4. 
 nXeoveKTiu), 26, 4. 
 7r/)6s, 19, 20 ; 26, 17. 
 irpvrapeiov, 23, 19. 
 
 irvvddvofiai, 13, 5. 
 aarpdirris, 25, 19. 
 (njixaivu}, 8, 14. 
 (rrewxwp/a, 20, 16. 
 (TUV, 10, 16. 
 crxe56j' Ti, 1, 9 ; 13, 9. 
 rdXavTov, 18, 5. 
 rappds, 21, 3. 
 r^(ppa, 21, 1. 
 TT/rej, 18, 16. 
 TLs, 1, 14; 22, 8. 
 Toi, 19, 21. 
 rKxiv, 1, 5. 
 (pdpay^, 10, 17. 
 Xet.ij.€piv6s, 8, 13. 
 Xo?/)os, 28, 16. 
 XiTwv, 24, 5. 
 ;//tX6s, 27, 4. 
 (^6j', 29, 10. 
 cJpaios, 25, 12. 
 cJs, 3, 23 ; 4, 17. 
 ws At', 6, 8. 
 wcrre, 6, 2. 
 
 ENGLISH 
 
 Antithesis, 22, 17. 
 Aorist, 11, 13. 
 Article, 1,3; 11, 2. 
 Augment, 9, 2 ; 11, 14 ; 13, 
 
 23 ; 24, 25. 
 Conditions, 14, 17 ; 16, 13 ; 
 
 17, 12 ; 20, 15. 
 
 Conjunctions, 2, 11. 
 Constructio ad sensum, 10, 
 
 22 ; 12, 24 ; 14, 4. 
 Diminutives, 6, 3; 19, 12; 
 
 22, 10; 23, 6; 27, 16; 
 
 22 ; 29, 17. 
 Dual, 27, 7. 
 
INDEX 
 
 65 
 
 Fractions, 14, 11. 
 Genitive, 17, 6; 20, 13. 
 Imperative, 15, 11. 
 Imperfect, 10, 15. 
 Indicative, potential, 12, 6. 
 Infinitive, 2, 21 ; 4, 13. 
 Litotes, 26, 8. 
 Marriage customs, 27, 16. 
 Optative, 1, 5 ; 2, 5 ; 7 ; 3, 
 
 14 ; 18 ; 4, 3 ; 12, 15 ; 18, 
 
 6 ; 19, 9. 
 
 Participles, 2, 15; 11, 13; 
 
 12, 15 ; 19, 22 ; 28, 22. 
 Pluperfect, 9, 12. 
 Prepositions, 2, 13. 
 Relatives, 2, 20. 
 Sacrifices, 28, 16 ; 29, 16. 
 Subjunctive, 24, 22. 
 Swearing, verbs of, 9, 11. 
 Theatres, 10, 15. 
 Thinking, verbs of, 2, 12. 
 
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