l»v 
 
 JAOTB WSlK^iSm MEMOMAL 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2007 with funding from 
 
 Microsoft Corporation 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/bibleethicsmanuaOOkraurich 
 
Bible Ethics 
 
 A MANUAL OF INSTRUCTION 
 
 IN THE 
 
 HISTORY AND PRINCIPLES 
 
 OF 
 
 JUDAISM, 
 
 According to the Hebrew Scriptures, 
 
 Rev. JOS. KRAUSKOPF and Rev. HENRY BERKOWITZ 
 
 H 
 
 CINCINNATI : 
 BLOCH & CO., Publishers and Pbjntres. 
 
 1884. 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 \P 9 
 
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INDEX. 
 
 A.— DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 
 
 CHAPTKR. PAGE. 
 
 I. BE JUST AND KIND, 1 
 
 U. CARE FOR THE LIFE, HEALTH AND WELFARE OF OTHERS, - 3 
 
 III. GUARD THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS, 4 
 
 IV. HELP TFIE NEEDY, --------- 6 
 
 V. DO NOT SPEAK OR PLOT EVIL AGAINST ANY ONE, 9 
 
 VI. FORGIVE AND FORGET, -------- 14 
 
 B — DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 
 
 I. TAKK CAKE OF YOUR LIFE AKD HEALTH, 16 
 
 II. BE INDUSTRIOUS, 17 
 
 III. BE TEMPERATE AND CHASTE, - - 19 
 
 IV. BE MASTER OF YOUR TEMPER, - 21 
 
 V. DESERVE HONOR AND GUARD IT, 23 
 
 VI. BE MODEST IN ALL THINGS, 24 
 
 VII. KEEP PURE COMPANIONS, --26 
 
 VIII. STRIVE TO BE HOLY AND PERFECT, 27 
 
 IX. BE CONTENT AND ENVY NO ONE, 28 
 
 X. DO CHARITY AND YOU WILL GROW BETTER THEREBY, - "_- 30 
 
 XI. STUDY YOURSELF THAT YOU MAY BETTER YOURSELF, 31 
 
 XII. ELEVATE YOUR MORAL NATURE, - 32 
 
 XIII. SEEK TO BECOME WISER, - 32 
 
 0.— DUTIES IN GENERAL. 
 
 I. DUTIES OF PARENTS TO CHILDREN, ------ 34 
 
 II. DUTIES OF CHILDREN TO THEIR PARENTS, ... - 35 
 
 III. DUTIES OF MASTER AND SERVANT, 37 
 
 IV. DUTIES TO YOUR BENEFACTORS, 38 
 
 V. DUTIES TOWARD ORPHANS, WIDOWS, STRANGERS, OR TH08E OF 
 
 OTHER BELIEFS, 39 
 
 445928 
 
IV. INDEX. 
 
 CHAPTER. PAGH 
 
 VI. OUR DUTIES TOWARD OUR COUNTRY, ------ 40 
 
 VII. OUR DUTIES TOWARD THE AGED AND HELPLESS, - " - -48 
 VIII. OUR DUTIES TOWARD THE LOWER ANIMALS, - - - - 44 
 
 D.-OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 
 
 I. BE EVER MINDFUL OF THE COMMANDMENTS OF GOD AND ACT UP TO 
 
 THEM, -46 
 
 U. -BE FILLED WITH AWE BEFORE GOD THAT YOU MAY DO NO WRONG, 47 
 
 III. THOU SHALT LOVE GOD WITH ALL THY HEART, - -">() 
 
 IV. BE THANKFUL FOR ALL OF GOD'S GOODNESS, - 51 
 
 V. TRUST FIRMLY IN GOD AND BOW WITH PIOUS HUMILITY TO HIS WILL, 54 
 
 VI. BELIEVE IN GOD AND IN NO SUPERSTITION, - • 61 
 
 VII. WORSHIP GOD WITH AN UPRIGHT HEART, ----- (J .', 
 
 VIII. LET THE OBSERVANCE OF THE SABBATHS AND HOLIDAYS, AND YOUR 
 ATTENDANCE AT THE PLACE AND PARTAKING IN ALL MATTERS 
 OF WORSHIP BE A FIXED AND EARNEST DUTY ALL THROUGH 
 
 LIFE, - -.- (39 
 
 E.— MAN AND HIS MISSION. 
 
 I. MAN IS THE NOBLEST OF GOD'S WORKS, ----- 74 
 
 II. MAN HAS FREE WILL AND CONSCIENCE, ----- Jfi 
 
 III. THE SOUL OF MAN IS IMMORTAL, - ... 73 
 
 IV. IT IS MAN'S MISSION TO TRY AND PERFECT HIS MORAL, MENTAL AND 
 
 PHYSICAL NATURES, 80 
 
 V. IT IS THE DUTY OF EVERY ONE TO SO ACT THAT HIS ACTIONS SHALL 
 
 SERVE AS A MODEL TO OTHERS, 
 
 VI. IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO PRESERVE AND LIVE UP TO OUR INHER- 
 
 ITED FAITH, 8:; 
 
 VII. IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO KEEP FROM SINNING AND TO REPENT 
 
 OF OUR EVIL DOINGS, - 85 
 
 VIII. THE GOOD ARE REWARDED ; THE BAD ARE PUNISHED, - 88 
 IX. IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO OBEY AND TEACH THE WILL OF GOD 
 
 WHICH WAS REVEALED TO ISRAEL, - - - - 90 
 
 X. IN ALWAYS FULFILLING THESE DUTIES LIES THE REALIZATION OF 
 
 THE MISSION OF OUR RELIGION, - 02 
 
TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 It is the design of this little work to lead up, by progressive steps, 
 to the study of the Bible. Its matter is Biblical. It is the religion and 
 moral code of the Bible which is here taught, freed from the doc- 
 trines of theology. This is pure Judaism, but is at the same time that 
 in which Jew and non-Jew agree, because it is religion shorn of that 
 added material in which no two sects entirely coincide. 
 
 The method of the book is simple, and will recommend itself as 
 affording the following advantages : 
 
 ( i ) The paragraphs introducing each new theme give, in a terse 
 and simple manner, a clear statement of the principle that is to be 
 learned, thus first stating in familiar terms what is afterward given in 
 the language of the Bible. The beautiful sayings found in the Rab- 
 binical and Talmudical writings are frequently made use of to this end. 
 
 (2) Quotations from all sources, in prose and poetry, are given, as 
 containing in a sharp-cut, crystalized form the truths elucidated, pre- 
 senting them thus in a manner striking, impressive and beautiful. 
 This renders the act of memorizing easy and permanent. At the 
 same time the quotations show how the great men of various ages and 
 nations have expressed themselves concerning these Biblical truths, 
 thus indirectly indicating the vast influence of Jewish thought and the 
 priceless value of the Hebrew tongue, the casket of so many gems. 
 
 (3) References to the historical portions of the Bible are made, in 
 order to illustrate by them the principles of practical conduct. The 
 pupil thus has his mind directed to the Bible story for the immediate 
 purpose of searching for the truth, or moral lesson, that has just been 
 
TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 set forth to him. The great purpose of teaching Bible history is thus 
 much more effectively gained by first setting the sentiment before the 
 mind and then making the pupil illustrate from the Bible (or any other 
 source, be it profane history, fiction or practical life), than by the 
 method, in common use, of making the story the all-important thing, 
 and pointing dryly at the moral after the interest of the pupil has 
 slackened, his curiosity having been satisfied. 
 
 (4) A great abundance of Biblical verses is then given, setting 
 forth the truth that is being learned, in various forms, and presenting 
 it to the mind so as to be seen from all sides. The Bible, the great 
 text-book of the Jewish religion, is thus made to speak for itself. This 
 book is simply an epitome of the Bible. References to the places 
 where the verses are found in the Bible are added, so as to familiarize 
 the pupil with the names of the writers and the books of Biblical liter- 
 ature, and it is expected that he will verify the references by consult- 
 ing his Bible in each case. 
 
 (5) The book is a complete guide in the conduct of life, for old 
 and young, in the family circle, and in all the relations of life, but it 
 is designed especially for Sabbath-school work. The themes handled 
 progress as does also the language with the progress of the pupil. The 
 simpler subjects are first treated of. The daily duties to others are 
 taken up first, so as to direct the child away from itself, and thus nip 
 in the bud its selfish impulses. Then all the other duties in life are 
 explained, proceeding from the more to the less concrete, reserving 
 the more abstract matter for the higher classes and the more matured 
 minds. 
 
 (6) There is material enough to supply five classes each with a 
 full year of religious instruction, each division of the book being de- 
 signed for one year's work, the fifth class to be the " Confirmation 
 Class," by whom the whole book is to be thoroughly reviewed. 
 
 (7) Furthermore, this book will be found especially valuable in 
 schools where there is a lack of regularly-trained teachers. This, in 
 fact, is the condition of all our Jewish schools, excepting, perhaps, a 
 few in the larger cities. Any earnest, intelligent person may teach 
 
TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 by this book without having been otherwise specially trained for the 
 task, all the work being clearly prepared for him; but a thorough 
 familiarity with the subjects in the lessons must be obtained by the 
 teacher beforehand, by home study, or, where there is a Rabbi, in 
 normal classes. 
 
 (8) Teachers accustomed to the old-style of books for Sabbath- 
 schools will be deceived in not finding the customary collection of 
 prayers, benedictions, hymns, etc. These have been purposely 
 omitted. They will be found in their appropriate places in the prayer- 
 books and hymn-books, and they should be learned from those books. 
 The scope of this book is of a totally different character; it is to teach 
 the religious principles of the Bible. It is not to supplant, in any de- 
 gree, the books used in divine service. 
 
 (9) This book does away with the necessity of using a great many 
 text-books. It is simply accessory to the Bible and the prayer-books, 
 which every one has. 
 
 (10) The plan of using the book is : — 
 
 (a) By direct " talks" between the teachers and the pupils to 
 secure the end of all religious training by shaping and developing the 
 learner's mental, moral and spiritual nature. Ample materials for 
 these " talks" are here offered. Many of the general quotations and 
 of the Bible verses that may be too lofty for the comprehension of 
 children will afford the teacher endless suggestions for those quiet, 
 earnest conversations by which the religious nature can best be 
 reached. Take, as an example, under D : Our Religious Duties, the 
 division numbered 6. Believe in no superstitions, verse 6, on the various 
 kinds of superstitious practices. 
 
 (b) By Illustrations. Example is stronger than precept. The his- 
 torical references make no pretense at being complete ; they simply 
 point to the way. Every teacher will best know how to spur his pupils 
 on to study the Bible for other illustrations, and to keep careful watch 
 in all reading, and to notice the events of every-day life, with the 
 same end in view, thus awaking their minds, and literally educating, 
 i. e. , drawing out their faculties. 
 
TO THE TEACHER. 
 
 (c) By Memorizing. The whole book may well be memorized. The 
 old system, which prevailed in all Jewish schools, of learning a 
 " Posek" or a Bible verse each day, was a good one, and should be 
 revived. The book affords ample and suitable material. Where too 
 much matter is given, selections may be readily made. Such a stock 
 of excellent sayings, learned in youth, remains fixed forever, and 
 exercises an influence for good throughout life that can not be esti- 
 mated. 
 
 (d) By Method. For the smaller schools that are under the disad- 
 vantage of having no definite plan of work this book will be found in- 
 valuable, inasmuch as it lays out the course of study clearly and 
 methodically. 
 
BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 A.— DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 
 
 I.— BE JUST AND KIND. 
 
 It is our first duty to be just, which means to be fair to ourselves 
 and to all others. This we can be by giving to every one what is due 
 to him, and by never harming any one, as the wise teacher Hillel 
 said: " What is hateful unto thee, thou shalt not do to others." In 
 being just, we should always be kind. By mercy and gentleness our 
 just acts and words may be made less severe. 
 
 " Kindness is wisdom. There is none in life 
 But needs it." — Bailey. 
 " Kindness — a language which the dumb can speak and the deaf can 
 understand. ' ' — Bover . 
 
 " For blessings always wait on virtuous deeds, 
 And though a late a sure reward succeeds." — Congreve. 
 
 Show the truth Of the above from the following or any other stories 
 in the Bible : Genesis xiii. 7-10; Genesis xviii. 17-33; Genesis xxiv.; 
 Genesis xxix. 1-14. 
 
 1. Have we not all one Father? hath not one God created us? 
 (then) why shall we deal treacherously, every man against his brother, 
 to profane the covenant of our fathers? (Malachi ii. 10.) 
 
 2. Thus hath said the Lord of Hosts, saying : Execute true justice, 
 and show kindness and mercy every man to his brother. 
 
2 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 And defraud not the widow or the fatherless, the stranger or the 
 poor; and imagine not evil in your heart, one against the other. 
 (Zachariah vii. 9-10.) 
 
 3. He that despiseth his neighbor is a sinner, but he that is gracious 
 to the poor — happiness attend him! (Prov. xiv. 21.) 
 
 4. If any person sin, and commit a trespass against the Lord ; if he, 
 namely, lie unto his neighbor, in that which was delivered to him to 
 keep, or in a loan, or in a thing taken away by violence, or if he have 
 withheld the wages of his neighbor; 
 
 Or if he have found something which was lost, and lie concerning 
 it, and swear falsely in any one of all these which a man can do to sin 
 thereby : 
 
 Then shall it be, when he hath sinned and is conscious of his guilt, 
 that he restore what he hath taken violently away, or the wages which 
 he hath withheld, or that which was delivered for him to keep, or the 
 lost thing which he hath found. (Leviticus v. 21-23.) 
 
 5. Thus hath said the Lord, Execute ye justice and righteousness, 
 and deliver him that is robbed out of the hand of the oppressor; and 
 the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow shall ye not oppress, and 
 do them no violence, and shed no innocent blood in this place. (Jer- 
 emiah xxii. 3.) 
 
 6. Thou shalt not avenge nor bear any grudge against the children 
 of thy people; but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: I am the 
 Lord. (Leviticus xix. 18.) 
 
 7. Wash yourselves, make yourselves clean : put away the evil of 
 your deeds from before my eyes : cease to do evil; 
 
 Learn to do well ; seek for justice, relieve the oppressed, do justice 
 to the fatherless, plead for the widow. (Isaiah i. 16-17.) 
 
 8. He that walketh in righteousness and speaketh uprightly ; he 
 that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands against 
 taking hold of bribes, that stoppeth his ears against hearing of blood, 
 and shutteth his eyes against looking on evil; 
 
 He shall dwell on high; rocky strongholds shall be his refuge : his 
 bread shall be given him ; his water shall be sure. (Isaiah xxxiii. 15-16.) 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 3 
 
 II.— CARE FOR THE LIFE, HEALTH AND WELFARE OF 
 
 OTHERS. 
 
 We must not take the life or injure the health of others, but must 
 do all we can to save and protect them, to better their condition and 
 add to their comfort. 
 
 Our own natures are bettered by our trouble in taking care of the 
 welfare of others. 
 
 " Take not away the life you can not give, 
 
 For all things have an equal right to live." — Dry den. 
 
 Prove the truth of the above from the following or other stories in 
 the Bible. Examples : Genesis xiv. 1-24; Genesis xviii. 1-8; Genesis 
 xix. 1-4; Exodus ii. 1-2 1. 
 
 1. Deliver those that are taken unto death, and those that are 
 moved away to the slaughter hold back. (Proverbs xxiv. n. ) 
 
 2. And when you spread forth your hands, I will withdraw my 
 eyes from you, yea, when you make ever so many prayers, I will not 
 hear; your hands are full of blood. (Isaiah i. 15.) 
 
 3. No man shall take to pledge, the nether or the upper millstone, 
 for he taketh a man's life to pledge. (Deuteronomy xxiv. 6.) 
 
 4. When thou buildest a new house, thou shalt make a battlement 
 for thy roof; that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any one 
 were to fall from there. (Deuteronomy xxii. 8. ) 
 
 5. Thou shalt not go up and down as a tale-bearer among thy 
 people ; thou shalt not stand (idly) by the blood of thy neighbor ; I 
 am the Lord. (Leviticus xix. 16.) 
 
 6. Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed ; 
 for in the image of God made he man. (Genesis ix. 5-6. ) 
 
 7. He that killeth a beast shall make restitution for it ; and he 
 that killeth a man shall be put to death. 
 
 One manner of judicial law shall ye have, the stranger shall be 
 equal with one of your own country ; for I am the Lord your God. 
 (Leviticus xxiv. 21-22.) 
 
4 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 8. If a man come presumptuously against his neighbor to slay 
 him with guile, from my altar shalt thou take him, that he may die. 
 
 And he that smiteth his father or his mother shall surely be put to 
 death. 
 
 And he that curseth his father or his mother shall surely be put to 
 death. 
 
 And if men strive together, and one smite the other with a stone, 
 or with the fist and he die not but keepeth his bed : 
 
 If he rise again and walk abroad upon his crutch, then shall he 
 that smote him be quit ; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, 
 and shall cause him to be thoroughly healed. (Exodus xxi. 14-19.) 
 
 9. Cursed be he that smiteth his neighbor secretly; and all the 
 people shall say, Amen. 
 
 Cursed be he that taketh a bribe to slay a person in innocent blood, 
 and all the people shall say, Amen. (Deuteronomy xxvii. 24-25.) 
 
 III.— GUARD THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. 
 
 It is wrong to cheat in buying or selling. It is wrong to deceive 
 any one by speaking or acting lies. All the more is it wrong to rob 
 either in secret or openly, and in any way to do or help to do the 
 least thing against the rights of other people. 
 
 " Oh, what a tangled web we weave, 
 When first we practice to deceive." — Scott. 
 
 " Whatever is right and proper for some, must be so for all." — I. M. 
 
 Wise. 
 
 Show that this is true from the following or any other stories in the 
 Bible. Examples: Genesis xix. 4-7 and 9-1 1 ; Genesis xxv. 28-34; 
 Genesis iv. 8-9; Genesis xxvii. 1-40; Exodus i. 8-14. 
 
 1. Thou shalt not remove the landmark of thy neighbor. 
 (Deuteronomy xix. 14.) 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 5 
 
 2. Cursed be he that removeth the landmark of his neighbor; 
 and all the people shall say, Amen. (Deuteronomy xxvii. 17.) 
 
 3. Remove not the ancient landmark, and into the fields of the 
 fatherless must thou not enter, for their redeemer is strong ; he will 
 indeed plead their cause with thee. (Proverbs xxiii. 10-11.) 
 
 4. When thou comest into thy neighbor's vineyard thou mayest 
 eat grapes at thine own pleasure, till thou have enough ; but into thy 
 vessel shalt thou not put any. 
 
 When thou comest into the standing corn of thy neighbor, thou 
 mayest pluck ears with thy hand; but with a sickle shalt thou not 
 move over thy neighbor's standing corn. (Deuteronomy xxviii. 25-26.) 
 
 5. If thou sell aught unto thy neighbor, or buy aught of thy 
 neighbor's hand, ye shall not overreach one the other. (Leviticus 
 xxv. 14.) 
 
 6. And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not 
 vex him. 
 
 As one born in the land among you, shall be unto you the stran- 
 ger that sojourneth with you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for 
 ye were strangers in the land of Egypt; I am the Lord your God- 
 (Leviticus xix. 33-34.) 
 
 7. The wicked borroweth', and repayeth not; but the righteous is 
 beneficent and giveth. (Psalm xxxvii. 21. ) 
 
 8. Balances of deceit are an abomination of the Lord; but a full 
 weight (obtaineth) his favor. ^ Proverbs xi. 1.) 
 
 9. Divers weights are an abomination of the Lord ; and a de- 
 ceitful balance is not good. (Proverbs xx. 23.) 
 
 10. Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and a 
 small. 
 
 Thou shalt not have in thy house divers measures, a great and a 
 small. 
 
 A perfect and just weight shalt thou have ; a perfect and just meas- 
 ure shalt thou have ; in order that thy days may be prolonged in the 
 land the Lord thy God giveth thee. 
 
6 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 For an abomination of the Lord is every one that doth such things, 
 every one that acteth unrighteously. (Deuteronomy xxv. 13-16.) 
 
 11. Ye shall not do unrighteousness in judgment, in meteyard, in 
 weight, or in measure. (Leviticus xix. 35.) 
 
 12. Whoso divideth with a thief hateth his own soul; he heareth 
 the adjuration and dareth not to tell. (Proverbs xxix. 24.) 
 
 13. Ye shall not steal; neither shall ye deny (another's property in 
 your hands), nor lie one to another. 
 
 Thou shalt not withhold anything from thy neighbor, nor rob 
 him; there shall not abide with thee the wages of him that is hired, 
 through the night until morning. (Leviticus xix. 11-13.) 
 
 14 Woe to those that devise wickedness, and resolve on evil upon 
 their couches ! by the first light of the morning they execute it, if 
 they have it in the power of their hand. (Micha ii. 1. ) 
 
 15. Thus hath said the Lord : Exercise justice on (every) morning, 
 and deliver him that is robbed out of the hand of the oppressor; lest 
 my fury go forth like fire and burn so that none can quench it, 
 because of the evil of your doings. (Jeremiah xxi. 12. ) 
 
 16. He that declareth the wicked innocent and he that condemneth 
 the righteous, yea both of them are equally an abomination of the 
 Lord. (Proverbs xvii. 15.) 
 
 17. Contrive not against thy neighbor any evil, when he dwelleth 
 in safety with thee. (Proverbs iii. 29.) 
 
 IV.— HELP THE NEEDY. 
 
 We should help along those who are not as well off as we are. 
 Give to every one a chance to live and improve in body and mind 
 A share of all we own really belongs to the poor and needy, and 
 we should freely give to them. 
 
 " This mournful truth is everywhere confessed, 
 Slow rises worth by poverty depressed."— Samuel Johnson. 
 " Every person has a right to live, hence also to the means of support. If 
 one has more than he needs he owes support to him who needs it. To refuse 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW MEN. 
 
 it is indirect robbery. The state, county or municipality must provide for 
 its poor. To render immediate help where it is necessary is the duty of 
 every feeling person." — I. M. Wise. 
 
 Show that this is true from the following or any other stories in the 
 Bible: Examples: Genesis xviii. 23-32; Genesis xxiv. 17-20; Gen- 
 esis xli. 9-1 1 ; Exodus ii. 16-20; Ruth ii. 9-14. 
 
 1. Withhold not a benefit from him who is deserving of it, when 
 it is in the power of thy hand to do it. 
 
 Say not unto thy neighbor, Go and return, and to-morrow will I 
 give, when thou hast it by thee. (Proverbs iii. 27-28.) 
 
 If there be among thee a needy man any one of thy brethren within 
 any of thy gates in thy land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, 
 thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy land from thy needy 
 brother. 
 
 But thou shalt open wide thy hand unto him, and thou shalt surely 
 lend him sufficient for his need, which his want requireth. 
 
 Thou shalt surely give him, and thy heart shall not be grieved 
 when thou givest unto him ; for because of this thing the Lord thy 
 God will bless thee in all thy work, and in all the acquisition of thy 
 hand. 
 
 For the needy will not cease out of the land ; therefore do I com- 
 mand thee, saying : Thou shalt open wide thy hand unto thy brother, 
 to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land. (Deuteronomy xv. 7, 8,. 
 10, 11.) 
 
 3. When thou dost lend thy brother anything as a loan, thou shalt 
 not go into his house to take his pledge. 
 
 And if he be a poor man thou shalt not lie down with his pledge. 
 
 Thou shalt punctually deliver him the pledge again when the sun 
 goeth down, that he may lie under his own cover, and bless thee ; 
 and unto thee shall it be as righteousness before the Lord thy God. 
 (Deuteronomy xxiv. 10-13.) 
 
8 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 4. And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not 
 wholly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather up the 
 gleanings of thy harvest. 
 
 And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, and the single grapes that 
 drop in thy vineyard shalt thou not gather up ; for the poor and the 
 stranger shalt thou leave them ; I am the Lord your God. (Leviticus 
 xix. 9-10.) 
 
 5. When thou cuttest down thy harvest in the field, and forgettest 
 a sheaf in the field, thou shalt not go back to fetch it ; for the stranger, 
 for the fatherless, and for the widow shall it be; in order that the Lord 
 thy God may bless thee in all the work of thy hands. 
 
 When thou beatest thy olive-tree, thou shalt not go over the boughs 
 again, for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow shall 
 it be. 
 
 When thou gatherest the grapes of thy vineyard, thou shalt not glean 
 the small fruit afterward ; for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for 
 the widow shall it be. (Deuteronomy xxiv. 19-21.) 
 
 6. Is it not to distribute thy bread to the hungry, and that thou 
 bring the afflicted poor into thy house ? when thou seest the naked, 
 that thou clothe him? and that thou hide not thyself from thine own 
 flesh? 
 
 Then shall break forth as the morning-dawn thy light, and thy heal- 
 ing shall speedily spring forth j and before thee shall go thy righteous- 
 ness, the glory of the Lord shall be thy reward. (Isaiah lviii. 7-8.) 
 
 7. Because I delivered the poor that cried, and the fatherless, yea, 
 that had none to help him. 
 
 The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me, and 
 the heart of the widow I caused to sing for joy. 
 
 I took righteousness as my garment, and it clothed me ; as a robe 
 .and a mitre was justice unto me. 
 
 Eyes was I to the blind, and feet to the lame was I. 
 
 A father was I to the needy, and the cause of him I knew not I 
 used to investigate. (Job xxix. 12-16.) 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 9 
 
 V.— DO NOT SPEAK OR PLOT EVIL AGAINST ANY ONE. 
 
 Most of the troubles that people have come from idle talk, with 
 which they fill up their time, instead of doing their duties. Say noth- 
 ing about your neighbor unless you can say what is good. Try to put 
 yourself in another's place before you judge him. Never flatter. 
 
 u Evil is wrought by want of thought 
 As well as want of heart." — Hood. 
 The evil that men do lives after them." — Shakespeare. 
 
 Show the truth of the above in the following or other stories in the 
 Bible: Examples: Genesis xxxvii. ; Numbers xii. i-ii and 13-15; 
 Genesis xxvii. 7-40; Numbers xiii., xiv., xxii., xxiii., xxiv. ; I.Kings 
 iii.; Esther ii., x. 
 
 1. Come, ye children, hearken unto me; the fear of the Lord will 
 I teach you. 
 
 Who is the man that desireth life, loveth (many) days, that he may 
 see happiness ? 
 
 Guard thy tongue from evil, and thy lips from speaking deceit. 
 
 Depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it. (Psalms 
 xxxiv. 12-15.) 
 
 2. A source of life is the mouth of righteousness ; but the mouth of 
 the wicked covereth violence. (Proverbs x. 11.) 
 
 3. Death and life are in the power of the tongue, and they that love 
 it will eat its fruit. (Proverbs xviii. 21.) 
 
 4. The lips of the righteous feed many ; but fools die through lack 
 of sense. (Proverbs x. 21.) 
 
 5. The heart of the wise maketh his mouth intelligent, and upon 
 his lips he increaseth information. 
 
 (Like) the droppings of honey are pleasant sayings, sweet to the 
 soul, healing to the bones. (Proverbs xvi. 23-24. ) 
 
 6. From the fruit of a man's mouth doth he eat what is good; but 
 the longing of the treacherous is for violence. 
 
IO BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 He that watcheth his mouth guardeth his soul; but he that openeth 
 wide his lips (prepareth) himself destruction. (Proverbs xiii. 2-3.) 
 
 7. Whoso guardeth his mouth and his tongue, guardeth his soul 
 against distresses. (Proverbs xxi. 23.) 
 
 8. A man hath joy by the answer of his mouth; and a word (spoken) 
 at the proper time, how good is it ! (Proverbs xv. 23.) 
 
 9. Like apples of gold among figures of silver is a word spoken in 
 a proper manner. (Proverbs xxv. n.) 
 
 10. Men will kiss the lips of him that giveth a proper answer. 
 (Proverbs xxiv. 26.) 
 
 1 1. Speak not before the ears of a fool ; for he will despise the intel- 
 ligence of thy words. (Proverbs xxiii. 9.) 
 
 12. Do not answer a fool according to his folly, lest thou also be- 
 come equal unto him. 
 
 Answer a fool according to his folly, lest he be wise in his own eyes. 
 (Proverbs xxvi. 4-5.) 
 
 13. In a multitude of words transgression can not be avoided; but 
 he that refraineth his lips is intelligent. (Proverbs x. 19.) 
 
 14. He that holdeth back his speeches hath knowledge; and he 
 that is sparing of his spirit is a man of understanding. 
 
 Even a fool, when he keepeth silence, is counted wise; he that 
 shutteth his lips (is esteemed) a man of understanding. (Proverbs 
 xvii. 27-28.) 
 
 15. In the transgression of his lips is the snare of the wicked; but 
 the righteous cometh out of distress. (Proverbs xii. 13.) 
 
 16. A fool hath no delight in understanding, but in laying open 
 what is in his heart. ( Proverbs xviii. 2.) 
 
 17. Seest thou a man that is hasty in his words ? there is more hope 
 for a fool than for him. (Proverbs xxix. 20.) 
 
 18. A fool uttereth all his mind; but the wise holdeth it back. 
 (Proverbs xxix. 11.) 
 
 19. I said I will guard my ways that I sin not with my tongue: I 
 will guard my mouth with a muzzle while the wicked is before me. 
 ( Psalm xxxix. 2.) 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. II 
 
 20. For truth uttereth my palate ever, and the abomination of my 
 lips is wickedness. (Proverbs viii. 7.) 
 
 21. What is gone out of thy lips shalt thou keep and perform. 
 (Deuteronomy xxiii. 24.) 
 
 22. Like silver dross laid over an earthen vessel, so are burning lips 
 with a bad heart. (Proverbs xxvi. 23.) 
 
 23. A wicked messenger falleth into unhappiness; but a faithful 
 embassador (bringeth) healing. (Proverbs xiii. 17.) 
 
 24. He that hath a froward heart will not find happiness; and he 
 that hath a perverse tongue will fall into evil. (Proverbs xvii. 20.) 
 
 25. Remove from the frowardness of mouth; and perverseness of 
 lips put away far from thee. (Proverbs iv. 24.) 
 
 26. He that despiseth his neighbor is void of sense; but a man of 
 understanding maintaineth silence. (Proverbs xi. 12.) 
 
 27. Carry on thy cause with thy neighbor; but lay not open the 
 secret of another. (Proverbs xxv. 9.) 
 
 28. He that walketh about as tale-bearer revealeth secrets; but he 
 that is of a faithful spirit concealeth the matter. (Proverbs xi. 13.) 
 
 29. He that goeth about as a tale-bearer revealeth secrets; there- 
 fore meddle not with him that enticeth with his lips. ( Proverbs xx. 
 
 i 9 .) 
 
 30. Thou shalt not go up and down as a tale-bearer among thy peo- 
 ple. (Leviticus xix. 16.) 
 
 31. O Lord, deliver my soul from lips of falsehood, and from a 
 tongue of deceit. 
 
 What will (God) give unto thee? or what will he add unto thee, 
 thou tongue of deceit ? ( Psalms cxx. 2-3. ) 
 
 32. An abomination of the Lord are lips of falsehood; but they 
 that deal in faithfulness (obtain) His favor. (Proverbs xii. 22.) 
 
 33. The lip of truth will stand firm forever; but only for a moment 
 the tongue of falsehood. (Proverbs xii. 19.) 
 
 34. The righteous hateth the word of falsehood; but the wicked 
 bringeth shame and dishonor. (Proverbs xiii. 5.) 
 
12 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 
 35. A faithful witness will not lie; but a false witness constantly 
 uttereth lies. (Proverbs xi v. 5.) 
 
 "36. A deliverer of souls is the true witness ; but a witness of deceit 
 uttereth lies. (Proverbs xiv. 25.) 
 
 37. A false witness shall not remain unpunished, and he that utter- 
 eth lies shall perish. (Proverbs xix. 9.) 
 
 38. And if any person sin, because he heareth the voice of adjura- 
 tion, and he is a witness, since he hath either seen or knoweth some- 
 thing; if he do not tell it, and thus bear his iniquity. (Leviticus 
 
 V. I.) 
 
 39. If a witness of violence rise up against any man to testify 
 against him for any wrong ; 
 
 Then shall both the men, who have the controversy, stand before 
 the Lord, before the priests and judges who shall be in those days. 
 
 And the judges shall inquire diligently; and behold if the witness 
 be a false witness, he hath testified a falsehood against his brother : 
 
 Then shall ye do unto him as he had purposed to do unto his 
 brother; and thou shalt put away the evil from the midst of thee. 
 
 And those who remain shall hear and be afraid, and shall hence- 
 forth commit no more any such evil thing in the midst of thee. (Deu- 
 teronomy xix. 16-20.) 
 
 40. And I commanded your judges at that time, saying, Hear the 
 causes between your brethren, and judge righteously between a man 
 and his brother, and between his stranger. 
 
 Ye shall not respect persons in judgment; the small as well as the 
 great shall ye hear; ye shall not be afraid of any man; for the judg- 
 ment belongeth to God. (Deuteronomy i. 16-17.) 
 
 41. Thou shalt not receive a false report; put not thy hand with 
 the wicked to be an unrighteous witness. 
 
 Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil ; neither shalt thou 
 speak in cause, to incline after many, to wrest judgment. 
 
 Neither shalt thou countenance a poor man in his cause. 
 
 Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause. (Ex- 
 odus xxiii. 1-3.) 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW MEN. 1 3 
 
 42. Keep thyself far from a false speech ; and him who hath been de- 
 clared innocent and righteous thou shalt not slay ; for I will not justify 
 the wicked. 
 
 And thou shalt take no bribe ; for the bribe blindeth the clear- 
 sighted, and perverteth the words of the righteous. (Exodus xxiii. 
 6-8.) 
 
 43. These are the things that ye shall do, Speak ye the truth every 
 man to his neighbor; (with) truth and the judgment of peace judge 
 ye in your gates ; 
 
 And let none of you think evil in your hearts against his neighbor; 
 and love not a false oath ; for all these are what I hate, saith the Lord. 
 (Zachariah viii. 16-17.) 
 
 44. A godless person is a man of injustice, who walketh with a dis- 
 torted mouth. 
 
 He blinketh with his eyes, he scrapeth with his feet, he pointeth 
 with his fingers. 
 
 Perverseness is in his heart, he contriveth evil at all times; he scat- 
 tereth abroad discord. 
 
 Therefore shall suddenly come his calamity; unawares shall he be 
 broken, without a remedy. 
 
 Six things there are which the Lord hateth ; and seven are an abom- 
 ination unto his spirit. 
 
 Haughty eyes, a tongue of falsehood, and hands that shed innocent 
 blood. 
 
 A heart that contriveth plans of injustice, feet that hasten to run 
 after evil. 
 
 A false witness that eagerly uttereth lies, and him that scattereth 
 abroad discord among brethren. (Proverbs vi. 12-19.) 
 
 45. With his mouth doth the hypocrite destroy his neighbor; but 
 through knowledge are the righteous delivered. (Proverbs xi. 9.) 
 
 46. So are the paths of all that forget God; and the hope of the 
 hypocrite will perish. (Job viii. 13.) 
 
 47. For the assembly of hypocrites will remain desolate, and fire 
 will consume the tents of bribery. (Job xv. 34.) 
 
14 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 48. Even he will come to my assistance; for a hypocrite can not 
 come before him. (Job xiii. 16.) 
 
 49. That the triumphal shouting of the wicked is ever of but a 
 recent date, and the joy of the hypocrite endureth only for a moment. 
 (Job xxv. 5.) 
 
 50. Hear the voice of my supplication when I cry unto thee, when 
 I lift up my hands toward the most holy place of thy sanctuary. 
 
 Snatch me not away with the wicked, and with the workers of in- 
 justice, who speak peace with their neighbors with mischief in their 
 heart. (Psalms xxviii. 2-3.) 
 
 VI.— FORGIVE AND FORGET. 
 
 AVe degrade ourselves and do wrong to others when we continue to 
 bear ill-will against them. 
 
 It is noble to forgive the wrong done us ; it is our duty to try and 
 forget the wrong we have forgiven. 
 
 " Good nature and good sense must ever join. 
 To err is human ; to forgive divine." — Pope. 
 
 " The more we know, the better we forgive, 
 Whoe'er feels deeply, feels for all who live." — Madame de Stael, 
 
 11 For it is sweet to stammer one letter 
 Of the Eternal's language — On earth it is 
 Called, Forgiveness. ' ' — Longfellow. 
 
 Show the truth of the foregoing from the following or any other 
 stories in the Bible : Examples: Genesis xxxiii. 1-17 ; Genesis xlv.; 
 Numbers xii. ; I. Samuel xxiv. ; II. Samuel xviii. 24-33 > !• Samuel 
 xxiv. ; II. Samuel xviii. 33. 
 
 1. He that covereth a transgression seeketh love; but he that 
 •repeateth a matter separateth confident friends. (Proverbs xvii. 9.) 
 
 2. Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart ; thou shalt indeed 
 
DUTIES TOWARD OUR FELLOW-MEN. 1 5 
 
 rebuke thy neighbor and not bear sin on account of him. (Leviticus 
 xix. 17.) 
 
 3. Say not, As he hath done to me so will I do to him ; I will 
 recompense every man according to his doing. (Proverbs xxiv. 29.) 
 
 4. Do not say, I will recompense evil; (but) wait on the Lord, and 
 he will help thee. (Proverbs xx. 22.) 
 
 5. If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be 
 thirsty, give him water to drink ; 
 
 For though thou gatherest coals of fire upon his head, yet will the 
 Lord repay it unto thee. (Proverbs xxv. 21-22. ) 
 
 6. If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt 
 surely bring it back to him again. 
 
 If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under his burden, 
 and wouldst forbear to unload him, (thou must not do so, but) thou 
 shalt surely unload with him. (Exodus xxiii. 4-5. ) 
 
 7. At the fall of thine enemy do not rejoice ; and at his stumbling 
 let not thy heart be glad. (Proverbs xxiv. 17. ) 
 
 8. This also were an iniquity punishable by a judge; for thus would 
 I have denied the God that is above. 
 
 If I ever rejoice at the downfall of him that hated me, or was 
 elated when evil befell him ; — 
 
 But I suffered not my mouth to sin by denouncing with a curse his 
 soul. (Job xxxi. 28-30.) 
 
 9. When the Lord receives a man's ways in favor, he causeth even 
 his enemies to be at peace with him. (Proverbs xvi. 7.) 
 
 — of^ 
 
B.— DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 
 I.— TAKE CARE OF YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH. 
 
 The most wonderful thing in the world is our own life. No one 
 can explain it. Each one of us is placed here in the world, some are 
 strong, some are weak ; but whatever are our powers, they are the 
 gift of God, and may give us great joy if they are rightly used. > 
 
 It is our sacred duty to care for this life which God has lent us. 
 We must be very careful of our bodies, must not go into danger fool- 
 ishly, but must exercise freely in the open air and do everything we 
 can to keep in good health and to gain strength. 
 
 Without good health and strength we can never do those duties 
 which every one ought to do; we can not improve our minds as we 
 should, nor can we be of as much good to others as we ought to be. 
 Therefore, we must hold it to be our first duty to ourselves to take care 
 of life and health. 
 
 Know, all the good that individuals find, 
 
 Or God and nature meant to mere mankind, 
 
 Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of sense, 
 
 Lie in three things— Health, Peace and Competence." — Pope. 
 
 A sacred burden is the life ye bear, 
 Look on it, lift it, bear it solemnly, 
 Stand up and walk beneath it steadfastly ; 
 Fail not for sorrow, falter not for sin, 
 But onward, upward, till the goal ye win." 
 
 — Frances Anne Kemble. 
 
 Give examples from your own observations and readings : 
 
 i. Take exceeding good care of yourselves. (Deuteronomy iv. 15.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. I 7 
 
 2. The merciful man doeth good to his own soul, but he that is 
 cruel, troubleth his own flesh. (Proverbs xi. 17.) 
 
 3. Worriment in the heart of man maketh it droop, but a good 
 word will make it glad. (Proverbs xii. 25. ) 
 
 II.— BE INDUSTRIOUS. 
 
 Our wise men said : " Love work. Work is great, for it supports 
 man. Work is great, for it honors man. To have learning and not 
 put it to use is wrong. He who fails to have his child learn some use- 
 ful trade, brings him up to lead a sinful life. It is beautiful to have 
 learning and yet be skillful at a trade ; the use of both together will 
 keep one from sin. Every father must have his son learn the law of 
 God and also a trade. Man is born to work. *' 
 
 All these sayings are true. Though idleness seems pleasant, yet it 
 surely leads to sin and misery. Only through working can we be 
 truly happy. By working we earn our own living and, so, are kept 
 from begging, or from living upon the means of others. . By working 
 we get strong and keep our health, and can do our share in looking 
 after the welfare of the sick and the helpless. But the idler neglects 
 himself, is useless to others and is easily led to sin. To be idle is a 
 shame ; to work is an honor. Indeed, work makes us more and more 
 perfect, tor, as our teachers have again said: "Industry brings 
 purity; purity, cleanness; cleanness, holiness; holiness, humbleness ; 
 humbleness, fear of sin; fear of sin, Godliness." 
 
 " Absence of occupation is not rest, 
 A mind quite vacant is a mind distressed." — Cowper. 
 
 Example: Genesis xxxii. 10-12. 
 
 1. Sweet is the sleep of the laboring man, whether he eat little 01 
 
1 8 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 much ; but the abundance of the rich will not permit him to sleep. 
 ( Ecclesiastes v. n.) 
 
 2. And the Lord God took the man and put him in the garden of 
 Eden to work it and to guard it. (Genesis ii. 15.) 
 
 3. In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread. (Genesis hi. 19.) 
 
 4. He that tilleth his land shall be. satisfied with bread ; but he 
 that folio weth vain persons is void of understanding. (Proverbs xii 11.) 
 
 5. Love not sleep lest thou come to poverty ; open thine eyes and 
 thou shalt be satisfied with bread. (Proverbs xx. 13.) 
 
 6. He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand; but the 
 hand of the diligent maketh rich. He that gathereth in summer is a 
 wise son; but he that sleepeth in harvest is a son that causeth shame. 
 (Proverbs x. 4-5.) 
 
 7. The hand of the diligent shall rule ; but the slothful shall be 
 under tribute. (Proverbs xii. 24.) 
 
 8. For thou shalt eat the labor of thy hands ; happy shalt thou 
 be and it shall be well with thee. (Psalms cxxviii. 2. ) 
 
 9. In order that the Lord thy God may bless thee in all the work 
 of thy hand which thou doeth. (Deuteronomy xiv. 29 ) 
 
 10. Seest thou a man diligent in his work, before kings he shall 
 stand. ( Proverbs xxii. 29.) 
 
 11. Prepare thy work without, and make it fit for thyself in the 
 field, and afterward build thy house. (Proverbs xxiv. 27.) 
 
 12. He that tilleth his land shall have plenty of bread ; but he that 
 folio weth after vain persons shall have poverty enough. (Proverbs 
 xxviii. 19. ) 
 
 13. On -account of the cold the sluggard will not plow; therefore, 
 shall he beg in the harvest and shall have nothing. (Proverbs xx. 4.) 
 
 14. By the field of a slothful man I passed and by the vineyard of 
 a man void of understanding. And lo ! it was all grown over with 
 thorns, and nettles had covered the face thereof, and the stone fence 
 thereof was broken down. Then I saw and considered it well, I 
 looked upon it and received instruction. (Proverbs xxiv. 30-32.) 
 
 15. Go to the ant, thou sluggard, consider her ways and be wise. 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 
 
 19 
 
 Which, having no guide, overseer or ruler, provideth in the summer 
 her bread, and gathereth in the hardest her food. How long, oh 
 sluggard, wilt thou sleep, when wilt thou arise from thy slumbers'? 
 Yet a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands in sleep. 
 So shall thy poverty come like a traveler, and thy want as an armed 
 man. (Proverbs vi. 6-1 1 . ) 
 
 16. Slothfulness casts into a deep pit, and an idle soul shall suffer 
 hunger. (Proverbs xix. 15. ) 
 
 17. The longing of the slothful one killeth him, for his hands re- 
 fuse to work. (Proverbs xxi. 25. ) 
 
 18. By much slothfulness the beams will decay, and through idle- 
 ness of the hands, the house will drop through. ( Ecclesiastes x. 18. ) 
 
 19. He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a 
 great waster. (Proverbs xviii. 9. ) 
 
 20. The way of the slothful man is as a hedge of thorns ; but the 
 way of the righteous is made level. (Proverbs xv. 19.) 
 
 21. The slothful man says : "There is a lion without; I shall be 
 slain in the streets." (Proverbs xxii. 13.) 
 
 22. The slothful man says: " There is a lion in the way, a lion is 
 in the streets. As the door turneth on its hinges so doth the slothful 
 upon his bed. The slothful hideth his hand in his bosom ; it wearieth 
 him to bring it again to his mouth. The sluggard is wiser in his own 
 conceit than seven men that can give a reason. (Proverbs xxvi. 13-16. ) 
 
 III.- BE TEMPERATE AND CHASTE. 
 
 Enjoy the gifts of nature, God has given them to us that we may 
 enjoy them. But they will not be enjoyable unless we are moderate 
 and reasonable in their use. Too much of anything is not good. Be 
 chaste, that is. be pure of heart in all your desires and then you will 
 be temperate in all your enjoyments. 
 
 Where lives the man that has not tried 
 How mirth can into folly glide, 
 And folly into sin?"— Scott. 
 
20 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 "Well observe 
 The rule of not too much, by temperance taught 
 In what thou eat'st and drink 'st." — Milton. 
 
 Examples: I. Samuel ii. 12-17. 
 
 1. Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues 
 of life. (Proverbs iv. 23.) 
 
 2. All the days of the afflicted are evil; but he that is of good 
 heart hath a feast continually. (Proverbs xv. 15.) 
 
 3. And thou shalt rejoice in every good thing which the Lord thy 
 God hath given unto thee and unto thy house, thou and the Levite 
 and the stranger that is among you. (Deuteronomy xxvi. 11.) 
 
 4. And thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God in all that thou 
 puttest thy hand unto. (Deuteronomy xii. 18.) 
 
 5. And the land shall yield her fruit and ye may eat your fill. 
 (Leviticus xxv. 19.) 
 
 6. It is not go.od to eat much honey. (Proverbs xxv. 27.) 
 
 7. According to their pasture so they were filled ; they were filled 
 and their heart was exalted; therefore, have they forgotten me. 
 (Hosea xiii. 6.) 
 
 8. Woe unto them that rise early in the morning in order that they 
 may follow strong drink ; that continue until night till wine inflame 
 them ! And the harp and the viol, and the tabret and pipe and wine 
 are in their feasts, but they regard not the work of God and the do- 
 ings of his hands they do not see. (Isaiah v. 11-12.) 
 
 9. Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine and men of valor 
 to mix strong drink. (Isaiah v. 22.) 
 
 10. Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging; whosoever is de- 
 ceived thereby is not wise. (Proverbs xx. 1.) 
 
 11. A man of want shall he become that loveth pleasure; he that 
 loveth wine and oil shall not be rich. (Proverbs xxi. 17.) 
 
 12. Be not among wine-bibbers; among riotous eaters of flesh. 
 For the drunkard and glutton shall come to poverty, and drowsiness 
 shall clothe a man with rags. (Proverbs xxiii. 20-21.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 21 
 
 13. Who hath woe? Who hath sorrow? Who hath quarreling? 
 Who hath idle talk ? Who hath wounds without cause ? Who hath 
 redness of eyes ? They that tarry long at the wine ; those that go to 
 seek mixed wine. Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it 
 giveth to the cup its color, when it goeth down smoothly. At last it 
 biteth like a serpent and stingeth like an adder. (Proverbs xxiii. 
 29-32.) 
 
 14. Whoso keepeth the law is a wise son; but he that is a compan- 
 ion of riotous men shameth his father. (Proverbs xxviii. 7. ) 
 
 IV.— BE MASTER OF YOUR TEMPER. 
 
 In speaking and in answering we should always be calm, patient, 
 peaceful and gentle to our companions .and relatives, as, indeed, to 
 every one, high or low, rich or poor. "He who can always do this," 
 said one of our wise teachers, M will be beloved in heaven as well as 
 on earth." 
 
 " Of all bad things by which mankind are cursed, 
 Their own bad tempers surely are the worst."— Cumberland. 
 
 " Control your passion or it will control you."— Horace. 
 
 1. The discretion of a man deferreth his anger, and it is his glory 
 to pass over a transgression. (Proverbs xix. 11.) 
 
 2. He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding j but he that 
 is hasty of spirit exalteth folly. (Proverbs xiv. 29.) 
 
 3. A soft answer turneth away wrath; but grievous words stir up 
 anger. (Proverbs xv. 1.) 
 
 4. By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue 
 breaketh the bone. (Proverbs xx v. 15.) 
 
 5. Strive not with a man without cause if he have done thee no 
 harm. (Proverbs iii. 30. ) 
 
 6. And Abram said unto Lot: "Let there be no strife, I pray 
 
2 2 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 thee, between me and thee, and between my herdsmen and thy herds- 
 men ; for we be brethren." (Genesis xiii. 8.) 
 
 7. Go not forth hastily to strive, lest thou know not what to do in 
 the end thereof, when thy neighbor hath put thee to shame. ( Proverbs 
 xxv. 8.) 
 
 8. He that passeth by and meddleth with strife belonging not to 
 him, is like one that taketh a dog by the ears. (Proverbs xxvi. 17.) 
 
 9. He loveth transgression that loveth strife, and he that exalteth 
 his gait seeketh destruction. (Proverbs xvii. 19.) 
 
 10. A wrathful man stirreth up strife, ; but he that is slow to anger 
 appeaseth strife. (Proverbs xv. 18.) 
 
 it. Deceit is in the heart of them that imagine evil; but to the 
 counselors of peace is joy. (Proverbs xii. 20.) 
 
 12. Better is a dry morsel and quietness therewith than a house full 
 of sacrifices with strife. (Proverbs xvii. 1. ) 
 
 13. It is an honor for a man to cease from strife; but every fool 
 will be meddling. (Proverbs xx. 3. ) 
 
 14. A fool's wrath is presently known; but a prudent man covereth 
 shame (Proverbs xii. 16.) 
 
 15. A stone is heavy, and the sand weighty ; but a fool's wrath is 
 heavier than them both. (Proverbs xxvii. 3. ) 
 
 16. Be not hasty in thy spirit to be angry; for anger resteth in the 
 bosom of fools. (Ecclesiastes vii. 9. ) 
 
 17. Cease from anger and forsake wrath; fret not thyself in any- 
 wise to do evil. For evildoers shall be cut off; but those that wait 
 upon the Lord, they shall inherit the earth. (Psalms xxxvii. 8-9. ) 
 
 18. An angry man stirreth up strife, and a furious man aboundeth 
 in transgression. (Proverbs xxix. 22.) 
 
 19. As coals are to burning coals, and wood to fire, so is a conten- 
 tious man to kindle strife. (Proverbs xxvi. 21.) 
 
 20. Make no friendship with an angry man; and with a furious 
 man thou shalt not go; lest thou learn his ways, and get a snare to 
 thy soul. (Proverbs xxii. 24-25.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 23 
 
 V.— DESERVE HONOR AND GUARD IT. 
 
 Strive always to be manly and womanly. To be so you must, 
 above all, try to learn for yourself, think for yourself, speak and act 
 for yourself. Do not follow any one blindly. Above all, do nothing 
 and say nothing which is to gain you favor by injuring another. Be 
 no hypocrite. Live up to what you believe and give it up at no cost. 
 Suffer everything rather than the loss of your honor. If you thus 
 strictly keep up your own respect and honor, others will feel bound to 
 pay you honor. 
 
 " There are three crowns," said our teachers, "the crown of the 
 king, for power, the crown of the scholar, for learning, the crown of 
 the priest, for holiness ; but there's another, the crown of a good 
 name, which excels them all." 
 
 " Honor is purchased by deeds we do, 
 * * * * honor is not won, 
 Until some honorable deed is done." — Marlowe. 
 
 " When honor comes to you, be ready to take it ; 
 But reach not to seize it before it is near." — John Boyle O'Reilly. 
 
 " Honor and shame from no condition rise ; 
 Act well your part, there all the honor lies." — Pope. 
 
 1. Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity than he that is 
 perverse in his lips, and is a fool. (Proverbs xix. 1.) 
 
 2. A good name is better than precious ointment ; and the day of 
 death than the day of one's birth. (Ecclesiastes vii. i.) 
 
 3. A good name is rather to be chosen than great riches, and lov- 
 ing favor rather than silver and gold. (Proverbs xxii. i.) 
 
 4. The memory of the just is blessed ; but the name of the wicked 
 shall rot. (Proverbs x. 7.) 
 
24 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 5. As snow in summer, as rain in harvest, so honor is not seemly 
 for a fool. (Proverbs xxvi. 1.) 
 
 VI.— BE MODEST IN ALL THINGS. 
 
 When we think of how great the world is, and how small we are, 
 when we look out over the land with its endless forms of trees and 
 plants and animals ; still more, if we are out upon the vast ocean with 
 nothing but water to be seen, only over head the thousands of glisten- 
 ing stars that we never can reach, then we feel deeply how great God 
 is and how weak man is. If we keep this feeling always awake with- 
 in us, and these truths always before our minds, it will make us hum- 
 ble and modest in all our aims, words and conduct, for it makes us 
 feel that pride, overbearing manners and conceit are vain, foolish, 
 silly and even disgusting. 
 
 ;t In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, 
 Till thou return unto ground ; for thou 
 Out of the ground wast taken ; know thy birth, 
 For dust thou art, and shalt to dust return." — Milton. 
 
 Examples : Numbers xi. 25-30. I. Samuel xvii. 
 
 1. Let another man praise thee* and not thine own mouth; a 
 stranger, and not thine own lips. (Proverbs xxvii. 2.) 
 
 2. The fear of the Lord is the instruction of wisdom ; and before 
 honor is humility. (Proverbs x v. 33.) 
 
 3. He hath shown thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the 
 Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy and to walk 
 humbly with thy God? (Michavi. 8. ) 
 
 4. But the meek shall inherit the earth ; and shall delight them- 
 selves in the abundance of peace. (Psalms xxxvii. it.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES- 25 
 
 5. The meek also shall increase their joy in the Lord, and the poor 
 among men shall rejoice in tjie holy one of Israel. (Isaiah xxix. 19.) 
 
 6. Seek ye the Lord, all ye meek of the earth, which have wrought 
 his judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness; it may be ye shall 
 be hid in the days of the Lord's anger. (Zephaniah ii. 3. ) 
 
 7. When pride cometh, then cometh shame; but with the lowly is 
 wisdom. (Proverbs xi. 2 ) 
 
 8. Put not forth thyself in the presence of the king, and stand not 
 in the place of great men ; for better it is that it be said unto thee, 
 " Come up hither," than that thou shouldst be put lower in the pres- 
 ence of the prince whom thine eyes have seen. (Proverbs xxv. 6-7.) 
 
 9. A man's pride shall bring him low j but honor shall uphold the 
 humble in spirit. (Proverbs xxix. 23.) 
 
 10. Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a 
 fall. Better it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, than to di- 
 vide the spoil with the proud. (Proverbs xvi. 18-19.) 
 
 11. Every one that is proud in heart is an abomination to the Lord; 
 though hand join in hand, he shall not be unpunished. (Proverbs 
 xvi, 25.) 
 
 12. The Lord will destroy the house of the proud; but he will es- 
 tablish the border of the widow. (Proverbs xv. 25.) 
 
 13. Now the man Moses was very meek, above all the men which 
 were upon the face of the earth. (Numbers xii. 3. ) 
 
 14. And Moses said unto God : " Who am I, that I should go unto 
 Pharoah, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of 
 Egypt?" (Exodus iii. 11.) 
 
 15. And Moses said unto the Lord: " O my Lord, I am not elo- 
 quent, neither heretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy servant ; 
 but I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue." And he said, "O 
 my Lord, send, I pray thee, by the hand of him whom thou wilt 
 send." (Exodus iv. 10, 13.) 
 
 16. And Moses said unto him : "Art thou so zealous for me ? would 
 to God that all the Lord's people were prophets, and that the Lord 
 would put his spirit upon them." (Numbers xi. 29.) 
 
26 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 VIL— KEEP PURE COMPANIONS. 
 
 We are judged by the company we keep. Associate, therefore, 
 only with those who are good and those who are sensible and wise, so 
 that you may become like them. Have the courage to say ''No," 
 when you are tempted into evil ways. Tremble before the first mis- 
 step, for after it is made there are but a few strides before your fall. 
 Many think that they may go into the company of evildoers but with- 
 draw when they please. This is nofc so. Once we begin we are 
 counted with them and can rarely get away ; soon the best of us be- 
 come bad, however well we are brought up at home and in school. 
 
 Be not thoughtless; think of the great grief he brings upon his par- 
 ents, relatives, teachers and friends, and how miserable he makes him- 
 self, who goes into bad company and at last comes to shame, who is 
 disgraced in public before all people and in private before his own 
 conscience. 
 
 Vice is a monster of so frightful mien, 
 
 As to be hated, needs but to be seen ; 
 
 Yet seen too oft, familiar with her face 
 
 We first endure, then pity, then embrace." — Pope 
 
 Examples: I. Kings xii. ; II. Chronicles xxii. ; Numbers xi. 24-29. 
 
 1. A man that hath friends must show himself friendly; and there 
 is a friend that sticketh closer than a brother. (Proverbs xviii. 24.) 
 
 2. He that loveth pureness of heart, for the grace of his lips, the 
 king shall be his friend. (Proverbs xxii. 11.) 
 
 3. I have not sat with vain persons, neither will I go in with dis- 
 semblers. I have hated the congregation of evildoers, and will not 
 sit with the wicked. (Psalms xxvi. 4-5.) 
 
 4. It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise than for a man to 
 hear the song of fools. (Ecclesiastes vii. 5.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 2 J 
 
 5. A violent man enticeth his neighbor and leadeth him into the 
 way that is not good. (Proverbs xvi. 29.) 
 
 6. Enter not into the path of the wicked, and go not in the way 
 of evil men. Avoid it, pass not by it, turn from it, and pass away. 
 For they sleep not, except they have done mischief; and their sleep 
 is taken away, unless they cause some to fall. For they eat the bread 
 of wickedness, and drink the wine of violence. ( Proverbs iv. 14-17.) 
 
 7. Discretion shall preserve thee, understanding shall keep thee ; 
 to deliver thee from the way of the evil man, from the man that 
 speaketh froward things ; from those who leave the paths of uprightness 
 to walk in the ways of darkness; who rejoice to do evil, and delight 
 in the frowardness of the wicked ; whose ways are crooked, and 
 they froward in their paths. (Proverbs ii. 11-15.) 
 
 8. My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not. If they say, 
 V Come with us, let us lay wait for blood, let us lurk privily for the 
 innocent without cause, let us swallow them up alive as the grave, 
 and whole as those that go down into the pit ; we shall find all pre- 
 cious substance, we shall fill our houses with spoil; cast in thy lot 
 among us; let us all have one purse"; my son, walk not thou in the 
 way with them ; refrain thy foot from their path. (Proverbs i. 10-15.) 
 
 9. Be not thou envious against evil men, neither desire to be with 
 them, for their heart studieth destruction, and their lips talk of mis- 
 chief. (Proverbs xxiv. 1-2.) 
 
 10. Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the un- 
 godly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the 
 scornful. (Psalms i. 1.) 
 
 VIII.— STRIVE TO BE HOLY AND PERFECT. 
 
 To be free from sin and to do what is right and good, is to be holy. 
 It is our selfishness that makes us want to do wrong. We must seek 
 to overcome it, and thus by keeping from sin, by doing good to every 
 one, whatever be his religion, his opinions or his race, and becoming 
 wiser each day, we may grow more and more perfect or godlike. 
 
28 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 " He that has light within his own clear breast 
 May sit in the center and enjoy bright day ; 
 But he that hides a dark soul and foul thoughts, 
 Benighted walks under the midday sun." 
 
 i. Sanctify yourself and be ye holy, for I am the Lord your God, 
 and ye shall keep my statutes and do them. I am the Lord who sanc- 
 tifies you. (Leviticus xx. 7-8.) 
 
 2. He that folio weth after righteousness and mercy, findeth life, 
 righteousness and honor. (Proverbs xxi. 21.) 
 
 3. Moreover, thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, 
 such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness, and place such 
 over them. (Exodus xviii. 21.) 
 
 4. Incline my heart unto thy testimonies, and not to covetousness. 
 (Psalms cxix 36. ) 
 
 5. For what is the hope of the hypocrite, though he hath gained, 
 when God taketh away his soul ? Will God hear his cry when trouble 
 cometh upon him ? Will he delight himself in the Almighty ? Will 
 he always call upon God? (Job xxvii. 8-10.) 
 
 IX.— BE CONTENT AND ENVY NO ONE. 
 
 Most people are always busy trying to earn money, and yet are 
 never satisfied when they have it. It is right to earn money honestly, 
 for with it we can do good to ourselves and to others ; but " only he 
 is rich," said our Rabbis, " who makes good use of his riches." 
 
 The most miserable person is he who is envious of another's wealth, 
 success or pleasures. He can not enjoy what he has, because of his 
 fretting for what he has not. Let us never be envious, but remember 
 that contentment is the only true wealth. 
 
 ' My crown is in my heart, not on my head, 
 Not decked with diamonds and Indian stones, 
 Not to be seen ; my crown is called Content, 
 A crown it is that seldom kings enjoy." — Shakespeare. 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 
 
 " Happy the man, of mortals happiest he • 
 
 Whose quiet mind from vain desires is free ; 
 Whom neither hopes deceive nor fears torment, 
 But lives at peace, within himself content ; 
 In thought or act accountable to none 
 But to himself and to his God alone." — George Granville. 
 
 29 
 
 Show that this is true from the following or other stories of the Bible : 
 I. Samuel xviii. 
 
 1. Better is little with the fear of the Lord than great treasure and 
 trouble therewith. (Proverbs xv. 16.) 
 
 2. Better is a little with righteousness than great revenues without 
 right. (Proverbs xvi. 8.) 
 
 3. Better is the poor that walketh in his uprightness than he that 
 is perverse in his ways, though he be rich. (Proverbs xxviii. 6.) 
 
 4. The rich and the poor meet together, the Lord is the maker of 
 them all. (Proverbs xxii. 2.) 
 
 5. Be thou not afraid when one is made rich, when the glory of 
 his house is increased; for when he dieth he shall carry nothing away, 
 his glory shall not descend after him. (Psalms xlix. 17-18.) 
 
 6. He that trusteth in his riches shall fall, but the righteous shall 
 flourish as a branch. (Proverbs xi. 28. ) 
 
 7. A little that the righteous man has is better than the riches of 
 many wicked. For the arms of the wicked shall be broken, but 
 the Lord upholdeth the righteous. The Lord knoweth tire days of 
 the upright, and their inheritance shall be forever. They shall not be 
 ashamed in the evil time, and in the days of famine they shall be sat- 
 isfied. (Psalms xxxvii. 16-19.) 
 
 8. I have been young, and now I am old; yet have I not seen the 
 righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread. (Psalms xxxvii. 25 ) 
 
 9. He that hasteth to be rich, hath an evil eye, and considereth 
 not that poverty shall come upon him. (Proverbs xxviii. 22.) 
 
 10. A faithful man shall abound with blessings, but he that maketh 
 haste to be rich shall not be innocent. (Proverbs xxviii. 20. 
 
30 
 
 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 1 1. Two things have I required of thee, deny me them not before I 
 die. Remove far from me vanity and lies, give me neither poverty nor 
 riches, feed me with food, convenient for me, lest I be full and deny 
 thee, and say, "Who is the Lord ? " or lest I be poor and steal, and 
 take the name of my God in vain. (Proverbs xxx. 7-9.) 
 
 12. Better is a dinner of herbs, where love is, than a stalled ox and 
 hatred therewith. (Proverbs x v. 17.) 
 
 13. Let not thine heart envy sinners ; but be thou in the fear of the 
 Lord all day long. (Proverbs xxiii. 17. ) 
 
 X.— DO CHARITY AND YOU WILL GROW BETTER 
 THEREBY. 
 
 There is a blessing in doing got>d to others which makes us feel 
 richer than any amount of wealth can When we treat our visitors 
 and friends hospitably it ennobles us, as does also giving to the poor. 
 
 To do charity is our duty indeed, but even a gift can be made ir- 
 religious by its being done in an unwilling spirit, in an unfriendly or 
 in a showy manner. To make a show of one's charity, our sages 
 taught, is sinful, for it not only debases us, but it shames the helpless 
 ones. " Charity is a virtue of the heart and not of the hands." Such 
 charity we can all show by constant kindness in words and acts. 
 
 " In ' faith ' and ' hope ' the world will disagree, 
 But all mankind's concern is Charity. 
 All must be false that thwart this one great end, 
 And all of God, that bless mankind or mend." 
 
 1. He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth to the Lord, and that 
 which he hath given will he pay him again. (Proverbs xix. 17.) 
 
 2. He that hath a bountiful eye shall be blessed ; for he giveth of 
 his bread to the poor. (Proverbs xxii 9.) 
 
 3. He that giveth unto the poor shall not lack, but he that hideth 
 his eyes shall have many a curse. (Proverbs xxviii. 27. ) 
 
 4. Treasures of wickedness profit nothing, but righteousness 
 (charity) delivereth from death. (Proverbs x. 2.) 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 
 
 31 
 
 5. He that is greedy troubleth his own house, but he that hateth 
 gifts shall live. (Proverbs xv. 27.) 
 
 6. The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl 
 said to be bountiful. For the vile person will speak villainy, and his 
 heart will work iniquity, to practice hypocrisy, and to utter error against 
 the Lord, to make empty the soul of the hungry, and he will cause the 
 drink of the thirsty to fail. The instruments also of the churl are 
 evil, he deviseth wicked devices to destroy the poor with lying words, 
 even when the needy speaketh right. But the liberal deviseth liberal 
 things, and by liberal things shall he stand. (I.-aiah xxxii. 5-8.) 
 
 XL— STUDY YOURSELF THAT YOU MAY BETTER YOUR- 
 SELF. 
 
 We usually talk about the faults of others but fail to think of our 
 own. This is unwise and leads to trouble. We should study our- 
 selves and try to remove the faults we have. 
 
 " Know thyself and be wise are the same thing." 
 
 1 ' Go to your heart, 
 Knock there ; and ask your heart what it 
 Doth know." — Shakespeare. 
 
 " Ere. you remark another's sin 
 Bid thine own conscience look within." — Gay. 
 
 "It is jn general more profitable to reckon up our defects than to boast of 
 our attainments." — Carlyle. 
 
 i. Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit 
 within me. (Psalms li. 10. ) 
 
 2. Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the Lord. 
 Let us lift up our heart with our hands unto God in the heavens. 
 (Lamentations iii. 40-41.) 
 
 3. Keep thy heart with all diligence ; for out of it are the issues o£ 
 life. (Proverbs iv. 23.) 
 
32 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 XII.— ELEVATE YOUR MORAL NATURE. 
 
 In the worry and toil of our every-day lives we must not let our 
 spirits sink. The selfishness and ill will of others may give us trouble, 
 we may find ourselves slipping back into bad habits and ways, but 
 we must never lose courage. Let us be strong in our will to do good 
 and continue in trying to lift ourselves above all error and sin. 
 
 1 ' What the superior man seeks is in himself ; 
 What the small man seeks is in others." — Confucius. 
 
 " Character is higher than intellect." — Emerson. 
 
 " Stand fast and all temptation to transgress repel." — Milton. 
 
 " The true grandeur of humanity is in moral elevation, sustained, enlight- 
 ened and decorated by the intellect of man." — Charles Sumner. 
 
 i. Examine me, O Lord, and prove me ; try my thoughts and my 
 heart, for thy loving kindness is before mine eyes ; and I have walked 
 in thy truth. (Psalms xxvi. 2-3.) 
 
 2. A merry heart maketh a cheerful countenance ; but by sorrow 
 of the heart the spirit is broken. (Proverbs xv. 13. ) 
 
 3. A merry heart doeth good like a medicine ; but a broken spirit 
 drieth the bones. (Proverbs xvii. 22.) 
 
 XIII.— SEEK TO BECOME WISER. 
 
 "Having wisdom what do I lack? Lacking wisdom what have 
 I ? " asked the Rabbis. To become wise should be our constant aim, 
 but the first thing is to keep in mind how very ignorant even the wisest 
 among us is. It is not so much the knowing many things that makes 
 us wise, for even from the humblest person we may learn something 
 new ; no, it is rather being firm in our minds and strong in ruling our- 
 selves. Wisdom shows itself in our deeds as much as in our speaking. 
 
DUTIES TO OURSELVES. 33 
 
 u Wisdom adorns riches and overshadows poverty." — Socrates. 
 
 " By wisdom wealth is won; 
 But riches purchased wisdom yet for none."— Bayard Taylor. 
 
 " To know 
 That which before us lies in daily life, 
 Is the prime wisdom."— Milton. 
 
 Show that this is true from the following or other stories of the 
 Bible: Examples: I. Kings iii. 5-16; II. Chronicles i. ; Job xxxiii. 
 
 1 . Cause me to know the way wherein I should walk ; for I lift up 
 my soul unto thee. Teach me to do thy will ; for thou art my God ; 
 thy spirit is good; lead me into the land of uprightness. (Psalms 
 cxliii. 8-10.) 
 
 2. Teach me thy way, O Lord; I will walk in thy truth; unite my 
 heart to fear thy name. (Psalms lxxxvi. n.) 
 
 3. He that trusteth in his own heart is a fool; but whoso walketh 
 wisely, he shall be delivered. (Proverbs xxviii. 26. ) 
 
 4. Woe unto them that are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in 
 their own sight. (Isaiah v. 21.) 
 
 5. If thou be wise, thou shalt be wise for thyself; but if thou 
 scornest, thou alone shalt bear it. (Proverbs ix. 12.) 
 
 6. Through wisdom is a house built ; and by understanding it is 
 established ; and by knowledge shall the chambers be filled with all 
 precious and pleasant riches. (Proverbs xxiv. 3-4. ) 
 
 7. Hear counsel, and receive instructions, that thou mayest be 
 wise in thy latter end. (Proverbs xix. 20.) 
 
 8. My son, forget not my law ; but let thy heart keep my com- 
 mandments. For length of days, and long life, and peace, shall they 
 add to thee. Let not mercy and truth forsake thee ; bind them about 
 thy neck ; write them upon the table of thy heart. So shalt thou find 
 favor and good understanding in the sight of God and man. ( Proverbs 
 iii. 1-4.) 
 
 9. A scorner loveth not one that reproveth him ; neither will he go 
 unto the wise (Proverbs xv. 12.) 
 
C— DUTIES IN GENERAL. 
 
 L— DUTIES OF PARENTS TO CHILDREN. 
 
 It is the duty of parents to afford to their children a good example 
 in all things by their own conduct in life. Parents must do all they 
 can to provide for their children and make their homes the dearest 
 spot on earth. The Rabbis laid down the rule that every parent must 
 train the body, mind and soul of his child, must teach him to exercise 
 his body and learn a trade, but, " the study of the law," which means 
 the training of the mind and spirit, this " exceeds all things." 
 
 " The effect of precept is slow and tedious, that of example is quick and 
 effectual. ' ' — Seneca. 
 
 * ! Do not train children to learning by force and harshness ; but direct 
 them to it by what amuses their minds, so that you may be the better able 
 to discover with accuracy the peculiar bent of the genius of each." — Plato, 
 
 " Delightful task ! to rear the tender thought, 
 To teach the young idea how to shoot, 
 To pour the fresh instruction o'er the mind, 
 To breathe the enlivening spirit, and to fix 
 The generous purpose in the glowing breast." — Thomson. 
 
 i. And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in 
 thy heart; and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and 
 thou shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thy house, and when thou 
 walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest 
 up. (Deuteronomy vi. 6-7.) 
 
 2. Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my 
 words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live 
 upon the earth, and that they may teach their children. (Deuter- 
 onomy iv. 10. ) 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 35 
 
 3. Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old 
 he will not depart from it. (Proverbs xxii. 6. ) 
 
 4. Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest ; yea, he shall give 
 delight unto thy soul. (Proverbs xxix. 17.) 
 
 5. Seeing that Abraham shall become a great and mighty nation, 
 and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in him, for I know 
 him, that he will command his children and his household after him, 
 and they shall keep the way of the Lord, to do justice and judgment; 
 that the Lord may bring upon Abraham that which he hath spoken of 
 him. (Genesis xviii. 18-19.) 
 
 6. Withhold not correction from the child, for if thou beatest him 
 with the rod, he shall not die. Thou shalt beat him with a rod and 
 shall deliver his soul from destruction. (Proverbs xxiii. 13-14.) 
 
 7. Foolishness is bound in the heart of a child ; but the rod of cor 
 rection shall drive it far from him. (Proverbs xxii. 15.) 
 
 8. He that spareth his rod hateth his son, but he that loveth him, 
 chastiseth him betimes. (Proverbs xiii. 24.) 
 
 II.— DUTIES OF CHILDREN TO THEIR PARENTS. 
 
 " Honor thy father and thy mother," is the command that contains 
 all our duties to our parents. There are many ways in which we may 
 honor our parents; but the first is by obeying them in everything,. no 
 matter how small or great, unless it is something wrong. There are 
 many little things in which we can show honor, respect and love to 
 our parents every day. Our Rabbis give some of these, as : "Do not 
 vex them, nor disturb their sleep. Do not sit down in their place. 
 Do not deny what they say, nor agree with their words in such a way 
 as to seem to decide whether they are right or wrong. Speak to them 
 and of them only in the most respectful terms." 
 
 The dutifulness of children is the foundation of all virtues."— Cicero. 
 
36 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 Examples: Genesis xxxvii. 29-36; II. Samuel xv. 1-15; II. 
 Samuel xviii. 1-16; II. Samuel xviii. 28-32; Genesis xxii. 1-14; 
 Genesis xliv. 18-34; Genesis xlv. 1-14; I. Kings xix. 19-20. 
 
 1. Children's children are the crown of old men; and the glory 
 of children are their fathers. (Proverbs xvii. 6. ) 
 
 2. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell 
 together in unity. (Psalms cxxxiii. 1.) 
 
 3. My son, hear the instructions of thy father, and forsake not the 
 law of thy mother. (Proverbs i. 8.) 
 
 4. Ye shall fear every man his mother and his father, and keep my 
 Sabbaths; I am the Lord your God. (Leviticus xix. 3.) 
 
 5. Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy 
 mother when she is old. Buy the truth and sell it not; also wisdom 
 and instruction and understanding. The father of the righteous shall 
 greatly rejoice ; and he that begetteth a wise child shall have joy of 
 him. (Proverbs xxxiii. 22-24. ) 
 
 6. A wise son maketh a glad father ; but a foolish son is the heavi- 
 ness of his mother. (Proverbs x. 1.) 
 
 7. A foolish son is a grief to his father and bitterness to her that 
 bore him. (Proverbs xvii. 25.) 
 
 8. The rod and reproof give wisdom ; but a child left to himself 
 bringeth his mother to shame. (Proverbs xxix. 15.) 
 
 9. Whoso keepeth the law is a wise son ; but he that is a compan- 
 ion of riotous men shameth his father. (Proverbs xxviii. 7. ) 
 
 10. Whoso robbeth his father or his mother, and saith, "It is no 
 transgression " ; the same is the companion of a destroyer. (Proverbs 
 xxviii. 24. ) 
 
 11. He that plundereth his father and chaseth away his mother, is a 
 son that causeth shame and bringeth reproach. (Proverbs xix. 26.) 
 
 12. The eye that mocketh at his father and despiseth to obey his 
 mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles 
 shall eat it. (Proverbs xxx. 17.) 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 37 
 
 13. Whoso curseth his father or his mother his lamp shall be put 
 out in obscure darkness. (Proverbs xx. 20.) 
 
 14. Cursed be he that speaketh lightly of his father or mother, and 
 all the people shall say, Amen. (Deuteronomy xxvii. 16.) 
 
 III.— DUTIES OF MASTER AND SERVANT. 
 
 In telling what the duties of a master are, Rabbi Moses ben Mai- 
 mon said : " The master shall not distress his servant nor harm him; 
 shall put no heavy burden upon him; but, on the contrary, shall care 
 for him properly, and feed and clothe him well. He must not give 
 his orders in a loud and scolding tone, but be calm and patient, and 
 listen to what the servant has to say." Prompt obedience, strict hon- 
 esty, and a careful doing of all his duties are required of the servant. 
 
 Show the truth of the foregoing by the following or other stories of 
 the Bible: Examples: Genesis xxiv.; II. Samuel xv. 18-23. 
 
 1. Thou shalt not oppress a hired servant that is poor and needy, 
 whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land 
 within thy gates : at his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall 
 the sun go down upon it; for he is poor and setteth his heart upon it; 
 lest he cry against thee unto the Lord, and it be sin unto thee. (Deu- 
 teronomy xxiv. 14-15.) 
 
 2. The wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all 
 night until the morning. (Leviticus xix. 13.) 
 
 3. Woe unto him that buildeth his house by unrighteousness, and 
 his chambers by wrong ; that useth his neighbor's service without 
 wages, and giveth him nought for his "work. (Jeremiah xxii. 13.) 
 
 4. And if thy brother that dwelleth by thee be waxen poor, and 
 be sold unto thee, thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond-ser- 
 vant; but as a hired servant, and as a sojourner he shall be with thee, 
 and shall i-erve thee unto the year of jubilee. Thou shalt not rule 
 
38 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 over him with rigor ; but shalt fear thy God. (Leviticus xxv. 39-40 
 
 43) 
 
 5. And when thou sendest him out free from thee, thou shalt not 
 let him go away empty ; thou shalt furnish him liberally out of thy 
 flock, and out of thy floor, and out of thy wine-press, of that where- 
 with the Lord thy God hath blessed thee thou shalt give unto him, 
 and thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondsman in the land of 
 Egypt and the Lord thy God redeemed thee ; therefore, I command 
 thee this thing to-day. (Deuteronomy xv. 13-15.) 
 
 6. Whoso keepeth the fig tree shall eat the fruit thereof; so he 
 that waiteth on his master shall be honored. (Proverbs xxvii. 18.) 
 
 IV.— DUTIES TO OUR BENEFACTORS. 
 
 It is our duty to be thankful for every kindness, great or small, that 
 is shown to us. We must never forget the same, but must know how 
 to appreciate it and must eagerly strive to repay it at least with equal 
 kindness. 
 
 Our greatest benefactors are our parents and teachers, and all those 
 who labor to bring us up and educate us and help us along. We 
 never can do enough to thank them for their care and patience and 
 kindness, but by our noble conduct we may best prove to them that 
 we really value their good acts. 
 
 11 That man is worthless who knows how to receive a favor, but not how 
 to return one." — Plautus. 
 
 " There is no benefit so small that a good man will not magnify it." 
 
 — Seneca. 
 
 " A thankful heart is not only the greatest virtue, but the parent of all 
 other virtues." — Cicero. 
 
 " Let the man who would be grateful think of repaying a kindness, even 
 while receiving it. ' 'Seneca. 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 39 
 
 " Earth produces nothing worse than an ungrateful man."— Ansonius. 
 
 i. Whoso bestoweth evil in return for good, evil shall not depart 
 from his house. (Proverbs xvii. 13.) 
 
 2. They also that repay me evil in lieu of good ; they hate me 
 bitterly because I pursue what is good. (Psalms xxxviii. 21.) 
 
 3. Shall evil be recompensed instead of good, that they have dug 
 a pit against my life? (Jeremiah xviii. 20.) 
 
 V. -DUTIES TOWARD ORPHANS, WIDOWS, STRANGERS, 
 OR THOSE OF OTHER BELIEFS. 
 
 Sad is the lot of the homeless, the widow and the orphan, who are 
 forced to depend on the kindness of strangers. It is our duty to open 
 our hearts to all such, it makes no difference who they are, or of what 
 religion they may be, for we are all the children of one Heavenly 
 Father. 
 
 We must not treat them with unjust suspicion or take any advan- 
 tage of them, bat rather look upon them as belonging to us, as equals, 
 and treat them so, doing nothing to them that we should hate to have 
 done to us. 
 
 Examples: Genesis xviii. 1-9; Ruth ii. 2-19; I. Samuel xx.; 
 Genesis xxiii.; Genesis xl. 
 
 1. The Lord guardeth the strangers; the fatherless and widow he 
 helpeth up (Psalms cxlvi. 9.) 
 
 2. For the Lord your God is the God of gods, and the Lord of 
 lords, the great, the mighty and the terrible God, who hath no re- 
 gard for persons and taketh no bribe. Who executeth justice for the 
 fatherless and the widow, and loveth the stranger to give him food and 
 raiment. Love ye then the stranger; for you have been stranger*, in 
 the land of Egypt. (Deuteronomy x: 17-19.) 
 
40 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 3. When thou hast made an end of giving away all the tithe in the 
 third year, the year of the tithing, and hast given it unto the Levite, 
 to the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, and they have 
 eaten within thy gates, and are satisfied. (Deuteronomy xxvi. 12.) 
 
 4. As a bird that wandereth away from its nest, so is a man that 
 wandereth away from his place. (Proverbs xxvii. 8.) 
 
 5. Weep not for the dead, and do not bemoan him; weep sorely 
 for him that goeth away ; for he shall never return any more and see 
 the land of his birth. (Jeremiah xxii. 10.) 
 
 6. And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall uot 
 vex him. As one born in the land among you, shall be unto you the 
 stranger that sojourneth with you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; 
 for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God. 
 (Leviticus xix. 33-34.) 
 
 7. And a stranger thou shalt not vex, and shalt not oppress him ; 
 for strangers ye were in the land of Egypt. (Exodus xxii. 20.) 
 
 8. And a stranger shalt thou not oppress ; for ye know well the 
 spirit of the stranger, seeing ye yourselves were strangers in the land 
 of Egypt. (Exodus xxiii. 9. ) 
 
 9. Cursed be he that perverteth the cause of the stranger, of the 
 fatherless and the widow ; and all the people shall say, Amen. (Deu- 
 teronomy xxvii. T.9. ) 
 
 10. Congregation ! one statute shall be for you and for the stranger 
 that sojourneth ; a statute forever in your generations; as ye are, so 
 shall the stranger be before the Lord. One law and one code shall 
 be for you and for the stranger that sojourneth with you. (Numbers 
 xv. 15-16.) 
 
 VI.— OUR DUTIES TOWARD OUR COUNTRY. 
 
 Those who rule a country must ever be faithful in doing their duty, 
 must serve for the good of the people, and not for their own profit ; 
 must be honest, just and merciful. Therefore, we should be very 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 4r 
 
 careful in selecting officers, not to let anything influence us to choose 
 any but those who are upright and able. 
 
 The people must obey the law, and peaceably submit to the rulers. 
 If these be cruel and unjust, they must be patient, for justice is from 
 God and will surely come. 
 
 " Let the interest of the place in which you dwell be your own," 
 said one of our great Rabbis, and so, indeed, we should serve our 
 country with all our power and wealth, and not hesitate to fight for it 
 and lay down our lives in its behalf. 
 
 '* Let all the ends thou aim'st at be thy country's, thy God's and truth's." 
 — Shakespeare. 
 
 "Ido love my country's good with a respect more tender, more holy and 
 profound than mine own life."— Shakespeare. 
 
 "This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that 
 government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish 
 from the earth. "—Lincoln. 
 
 1 ' Of all human things nothing is more honorable, or more excellent, than 
 to deserve well of one's country." — Cicero. 
 
 "■ How sleep the brave, who sink to rest, 
 By all their country's wishes blest." — Collins. 
 
 Prove that the above is true by the following or other stories in the 
 Bible: Examples: I. Samuel viii.; Judges iv., vi., xi.; I. Samuel 
 xvii. 20-58; I. Samuel xii.; Joshua vi., vii.; Numbers xiii., xiv. 
 
 1. Even in thy thought thou must not curse a king; and in thy 
 bedchambers do not curse the rich ; for a bird of the air can carry the 
 sound, and that which hath wings can tell the word. ( Ecclesiastes. 
 x. 20.) 
 
 2. My son, fear the Lord and the king ; with those that are desir- 
 ous to change, do not mingle thyself. (Proverbs xxiv. 21.) 
 
42 
 
 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 3. The judges thou shalt not revile; and a ruler among thy peo- 
 ple thou shalt not curse. (Exodus xxii. 27.) 
 
 4. And seek the welfare of the city, whither I have banished you, 
 and pray in its behalf unto the Lord, for in its welfare shall ye fare 
 well. (Jeremiah xxix. 7.) 
 
 5. Kindness and truth will watch over a king, and he will prop up 
 through kindness his throne. (Proverbs xx. 28.) 
 
 6. When a king judgeth in truth the indigent, his throne shall stand 
 firmly forever. (Proverbs xxix. 14.) 
 
 7. There should be a wise sentence on the lips of the king, his 
 mouth should never commit a trespass in judging. It should be an 
 abomination to kings to commit wickedness, for through righteous- 
 ness (alone) can a throne be established. Righteous lips (should ob- 
 tain) the favor of kings, and him that speaketh uprightly should they 
 love. The fury of a king is like the messenger of death ; but a wise 
 man will appease it. (Proverbs xvi. 10, 12-14.) 
 
 8. If a ruler listen to the word of falsehood, all his servants be 
 come wicked. (Proverbs xxix. 12.) 
 
 9. A king will, through the exercise of justice, establish (the wel- 
 fare of ) a land; but one that loveth gifts overthroweth it. (Proverbs 
 xxix. 4.) 
 
 10. Not for kings, oh, Lemoel! (not for kings) is it fitting to drink 
 wine, nor for princes strong drink. Lest either might drink and for- 
 get what is written in the law, and pervert the cause of all the af- 
 flicted. Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine 
 unto those who have an imbittered soul. Let such a one drink and 
 forget his poverty and remember his trouble no more. Open thy 
 mouth for the dumb, for the cause of all fatherless children. Open 
 thy mouth, judge righteously, and decide the cause of the poor and 
 needy. (Proverbs xxxi. 4-9. ) 
 
 n. And he appointed judges in the land, in all the fortified cities 
 of Judah ; in city by city, and he said to the judges, " Look (well) 
 at what ye are doing; because not for man are ye to judge, but for 
 the Lord, who is with you in pronouncing judgment. And now let 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 
 
 43 
 
 the dread of the Lord be upon you; take heed and act; for with the 
 Lord, our God, there is no injustice, nor respect for persons, nor tak- 
 ing of bribes." (II. Chronicles xix. 57.) 
 
 12. Many seek the favor of a ruler, but from the Lord cometh jus- 
 tice for man. (Proverbs xxix. 26.) 
 
 VII.-OUR DUTIES TOWARD THE AGED AND HELP- 
 LESS. 
 
 Those who are unhappy in not having the use of their bodily pow- 
 ers, such as the aged, the blind, the deaf, the dumb, and the lame, 
 these should have our sympathy and aid. None should laugh at or 
 mock them, but rather pity and try to serve them. Great is the joy 
 we can bring to the hearts of those who are helpless, and it is so easy 
 to do this, and make our own hearts feel so much lighter and nobler, 
 that we should never neglect to fulfill this simple duty. 
 
 Show the truth of the foregoing by the following or other stories in 
 the Bible: Examples: I. Kings xii.; Job xxxii. 4-7; Genesis xiv. 
 8-24; Exodus ii. 1-20; II. Samuel ix. 
 
 1. Happy is he that careth for the poor; on the day of evil will 
 the Lord deliver him. (Psalms xli. 2 ) 
 
 2. Whoso stoppeth-his ears against the cry of the poor, he also 
 will cry himself, but shall not be answered. (Proverbs xxi. 13. ) 
 
 3. Whoso mocketh the poor, blasphemeth his Maker; he that is' 
 glad at calamities will not remain unpunished. ( Proverbs xvii. 5. ) 
 
 4. He that oppressed! the poor, blasphemeth his Maker, but he 
 that is gracious to the needy honoreth him. (Proverbs xiv. 31.) 
 
 5. Rob not the poor, because he is poor, neither crush the afflicted* 
 in the gate. For the Lord will plead their cause, and despoil the life 
 of those that despoil them. (Proverbs xxii. 22.-23 ) 
 
 6. Remove not the ancient land-mark, and in the fields of the 
 
44 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 fatherless must thou not enter. For their redeemer is strong ; he will 
 indeed plead their cause with thee. (Proverbs xxiii. io-ii.) 
 
 7. God standeth in the congregation of God; in the midst of 
 judges does he judge. How long will ye judge unjustly, and treat 
 with favor the face of the wicked? Judge uprightly the poor and the 
 fatherless; do justice to the afflicted and indigent. Release the poor 
 and needy, deliver them out of the power of the wicked. They know 
 not, nor will they understand, in darkness do they walk on ; all the 
 foundations of the earth are moved. I have, indeed, said, "Ye are 
 God's; and children of the Most High are all of you." But, verily, 
 like men shall ye die, and like one of the princes shall ye fall. Arise, 
 O God, judge the earth; for thou wilt possess all the nations. 
 (Psalms Ixxxii.) 
 
 8. Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling-block before 
 the blind ; but thou shalt be afraid of thy God : I am the Lord. ( Levit- 
 icus xix. 14.) 
 
 9. Cursed be he that causeth the blind to wander out of the way, 
 and all the people shall say, Amen. (Deuteronomy xxvii. 18.) 
 
 10. Before the hoary head shalt thou rise up, and honor the face of 
 the old man ; and thou shalt be afraid of thy God : I am the Lord. 
 (Leviticus xix. 32.) 
 
 VIIL— OUR DUTIES TOWARD THE LOWER ANIMALS. 
 
 No creature which God has created should be thoughtlessly injured 
 or abused. The feelings of animals should be cared for not less than 
 those of men, and any cruelty toward them is a crime. 
 
 No beast of burden should be overladen or overworked, and none 
 should be beaten. Proper food and rest are as needful for animals as 
 fior man. 
 
 Prove that the above is true by the following or other stories in the 
 Bible: Example: Jonah i v. 11. 
 
DUTIES IN GENERAL. 45 
 
 1. Thy righteousness is like the great mountains, thy judgments 
 are a great deep : O Lord, thou preservest man and beast. (Psalms 
 xxxvi. 7.) 
 
 2. Six days shalt thou do thy work, and on the seventh day shalt 
 thou rest; that thy ox and thy ass may repose, and the son of thy 
 hand-maid, and the stranger may be refreshed. (Exodus xxiii. 12.) 
 
 3. And (the product of) the Sabbath of the land shall be unto you 
 for food, for thee, and for thy man-servant, and for thy maid-servant, 
 and for thy hired laborer, and for thy stranger that sojourneth with 
 thee, and for thy cattle, and for the beasts that are in thy land, shall 
 all its products be (left) for food. (Leviticus xxv. 6-7.) 
 
 4. A righteous man careth for the life of his beast ; but the mer- 
 cies of the wicked are cruelty. (Proverbs xii. 10.) 
 
 5. Thou shalt not see thy brother's ass. or his ox fallen down by 
 the way, and withdraw thyself from them ; thou shalt surely help him 
 to lift them up again. (Deuteronomy xxii. 4.) 
 
 6. Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together. (Deuter- 
 onomy xxii. 10.) 
 
 7. Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he thresheth out the corn. 
 (Deuteronomy xxv. 4.) 
 
 8. If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way, on any 
 tree, or on the ground with young ones, or with eggs, and the mother 
 be sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs ; thou shalt not take the 
 mother with the young. (Deuteronomy xxii. 6.) 
 
D.— OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 
 
 I.— BE EVER MINDFUL OF THE COMMANDMENTS OF 
 GOD AND ACT UP TO THEM. 
 
 Some form of religion is found in every part of the world and among 
 all peoples, for the feeling that gives us faith in a God and makes usl 
 long to become purer and more perfect is in every human heart. This 
 feeling it is our duty to strengthen and cultivate ; in the Bible we may 
 find the means of doing this, that is, in the commandments of God. 
 To know and understand them is our great duty, but we must remem- 
 ber that "it is the doing, not the knowing, which is the principa 
 thing," as one of our Rabbis said. 
 
 " Without religion whither will ye flee for safety in a world full of death' 
 full of warring passions ? 
 
 " Envy with its companions, slander and malice, assail you in every direc- 
 tion, so soon as ye begin to take comfort in it, so soon as you become in any 
 way to distinguish yourself in it. Wherever ye flee injustice and wicked- 
 ness are the stronger. Neither are you true to yourself; no inclination, no 
 purpose, no living and strengthening thought can ye hold fast at will. Per- 
 fect blessedness is nowhere, and nowhere would there be consolation even, 
 if religion were not. Religion alone can purify life." — Jacobi. 
 
 i. Wherewithal shall a youth keep his way pure? By guiding it 
 according to thy word. (Psalms cxix. 9.) 
 
 2. Depart from evil and do good; seek peace and pursue it. 
 (Psalms xxxiv. 15.) 
 
 3. This day the Lord thy God commandeth thee to do these stat- 
 utes and ordinances; and thou shalt keep and do them with all thy 
 heart, and with all thy soul. (Deuteronomy xxvi. 16.) 
 
 4. The Lord will raise thee up unto himself as a holy people, as 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 47 
 
 he hath sworn unto thee j if thou wilt keep the commandments of the 
 Lord thy God and walk in his ways. (Deuteronomy xxviii. 9. ) 
 
 5. For this commandment which I command thee this day, is not 
 hidden from thee, nor is it far off. It is not in heaven, that thou 
 shouldst say, " Who will go up for us to heaven, and fetch it down 
 unto us, and cause us to hear it, that we may do it?" Neither is it 
 beyond the sea, that thou shouldst say, "Who will go over the sea 
 for us and fetch it unto us, and cause us to hear it, that we may do 
 it?" But the worH is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth and in thy 
 heart, th£t thou mayest doit. (Deuteronomy xxx. n-14.) 
 
 6. Happy are those that observe justice, that execute righteous- 
 ness at all times. (Psalms cvi. 3. ) 
 
 II.— BE FILLED WITH AWE BEFORE GOD, THAT YOU 
 MAY DO NO WRONG. 
 
 Every one of us, no doubt, knows some person whom we believe 
 to be good and noble, and out of regard for whom we would not 
 allow ourselves to do or say the least wrong thing. How much more 
 should we stand in awe of God, who is perfect, and whose wonderful 
 works as we see them within us and in the world about us, fill us with 
 that sublime religious feeling which is called in the Bible " the fear 
 of God." That feeling makes us love him, and long to become per- 
 fect like him, it makes us worship him, makes us obedient to his holy 
 will, it keeps us pure and elevates our spiritual nature. 
 
 Acquaint thyself with God if thou wouldst taste 
 
 His works ; admitted once to his embrace, 
 
 Thou shalt perceive that thou wert blind before. 
 
 Thine eye shalt be instructed, and thine heart 
 
 Made pure shall relish, with divine delight 
 
 Till then unfelt, what hands divine hath wrought."— Cowper. 
 
 " A God alone can comprehend a God." — Young, 
 
48 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 " Live with men as if God saw you." — Seneca. 
 
 Prove that the above is true by the following or other stories in the 
 Bible : Example : I. Chronicles xxviii. 
 
 1. Come ye children, hearken unto me ; the fear of the Lord will 
 I teach you. (Psalms xxxiv. 12.) 
 
 2. Do now hear this, O sottish people, who have no heart ; who 
 have eyes, and see not; who have ears, and hear not. Will ye not 
 fear me ? saith the Lord ; will ye not tremble at my presence, who 
 have placed the sand as a bound for the sea by an everlasting law, 
 which it can never pass over? And though the waves thereof be up- 
 heaved, yet can they not prevail, though they roar, yet can they 
 not pass over it. But this people hath a stubborn and a rebellious 
 heart; they have departed (from the right) and have gone their way. 
 And they have not said in their heart, " Let us now fear the Lord our 
 God, that giveth rain, the early and the latter rain in its season ; the 
 appointed weeks of the harvest doth he ever preserve for us." (Jere- 
 miah v. 21-24.) 
 
 3. Who would not fear thee, O King of the nations ? for to thee 
 doth it appertain ; because among all the wise men of the nations and 
 in all their kingdoms (they say) there is none like unto thee. (Jere- 
 miah x. 7.) 
 
 4. Only fear the Lord and serve him in truth with all your heart ; 
 for see what great things he hath done with you. (I. Samuel xii. 24. ) 
 
 5. And now, Israel, what doth the Lord thy God require of thee, 
 but to fear the Lord thy God, to walk in all his ways, and to love 
 him and to serve the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy 
 soul, to keep the commandments of the Lord and his statutes, which 
 I command thee this day for thine own good ? Behold, to the Lord 
 thy God belong the heavens and the heavens of heavens, and the 
 earth with all that is thereon. (Deuteronomy x. 12-14.) 
 
 6. A son honoreth his father and a servant his master ; if then I 
 be a father, where is my honor, and if I be a master where is the fear 
 of me? saith the Lord of hosts. (Malachi i. 6.) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 49 
 
 7. Fear not; for in order to prove you, did God come, and in 
 order that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not. (Exodus 
 xx. 17.) 
 
 8. Happy is the man that feareth the Lord, that greatly delighteth 
 in his commandments. (Psalms cxii. i.) 
 
 9. The fear of the Lord increaseth (man's) days; but the years 
 of the wicked shall be shortened. (Proverbs x. 27.) 
 
 10. When I call on the name of the Lord, ascribe ye greatness 
 unto our God. (Deuteronomy xxxii. 3. ) 
 
 1 1. Suffer not thy heart to be rash, and let thy heart not be hasty 
 to utter any word before God; for God is in the heavens and thou 
 art upon the earth ; therefore, let thy words be few. ( Ecclesiastes 
 
 V. I.) 
 
 12. The Lord thy God shalt thou fear; him shalt thou serve, and 
 to him shalt thou clevae, and by his name shalt thou swear. (Deu- 
 teronomy x. 20.) 
 
 13. And if thou wilt swear, As the Lord liveth, in truth, in justice 
 and in righteousness, then shall nations bless themselves in him, and in 
 him shall they glorify themselves. (Jeremiah iv. 2.) 
 
 14. And ye shall not swear by my name falsely, and thou shalt not 
 thus profane the name of thy God ; I am the Lord. (Leviticus xix. 12.) 
 
 15. And I will come near unto you to (hold) judgment ; and I will 
 be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, 
 and against those that svyear falsely, and against those that withhold 
 the wages of the hired laborer, (oppress) the widow and the father- 
 less, and that do injustice to the stranger, and who fear me not, saith 
 the Lord of hosts. (Malachiiii. 5.) 
 
 16. Then conversed they that fear the Lord one with the other ; and 
 the Lord listened and heard it, and there was written a book of re- 
 membrance before him for those who fear the Lord and for those who 
 respect his name. (Malachiiii. 16.) 
 
 17. Who shall ascend unto the mountain of the Lord? and who 
 shall be able to stand in his holy place? He that is clean of hands 
 and pure of heart ; who hath not lifted up his soul unto falsehood and 
 
50 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 hath not sworn deceitfully. He shall bear away blessing from the 
 Lord, and (the reward of) righteousness from the God of his salva- 
 tion. (Psalms xxiv. 3-5.) 
 
 III.— THOU SHALT LOVE GOD THY LORD WITH ALL 
 
 THY HEART. 
 
 The first feelings of love are awakened in our hearts by the kind- 
 ness, the gentleness and love of those who are so tireless and patient 
 in taking care of us. As we grow older and can use our minds in 
 directing the feelings of our hearts, it is toward that which is true and 
 beautiful in character and in grace that we are drawn. How much 
 more then should we be drawn in love toward God, who is our ideal 
 of perfection in kindness, power and holiness. 
 
 "Thou, myall! 
 My theme, my inspiration, and my crown ! 
 My strength in age, my rise in low estate ! 
 My soul's ambition, pleasure, wealth! My world, 
 My light in darkness ! and my life in death ! 
 My boast through time ! bliss through eternity ! 
 Eternity, too short to speak thy praise ! 
 Or fathom thy profound love to man." — Young. 
 
 1. And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart and 
 with all thy soul and with all thy might. (Deuteronomy vi. 5. ) 
 
 2. Take good heed, therefore, for your soul's sake, to love the 
 Lord your God. (Joshua xxiii. n.) 
 
 3. Thou shalt, therefore, love the Lord thy God, and keep his 
 charge, and his statutes, and his ordinances, and his commandments 
 all the days. (Deuteronomy xi. 1.) 
 
 4. For if ye will diligently keep all this commandment which I 
 command you, in order to do it, to love the Lord your God, to walk 
 in all his ways and to cleave unto him. (Deuteronomy xi. 22.) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 5 1 
 
 5. In that I command thee this day to love the Lord thy God, to 
 walk in his ways and to keep his commandments and his statutes and 
 his ordinances, that thou mayest live and multiply ; and that the Lord 
 thy God will bless thee in the lands whither thou goest to possess 
 it. (Deuteronomy xxx. 16.) 
 
 6. To love the Lord thy God, to hearken to his voice and to cleave 
 unto him; for he is thy life and the length of thy days. (Deuter- 
 onomy xxx. 20) 
 
 IV.— BE THANKFUL FOR ALL OF GOD'S GOODNESS. 
 
 The world is full of wonderful things in which we find healing for 
 our pains, satisfaction for our hunger and thirst, pleasures for our 
 senses, and untold delights for the heart. All these things should fill 
 ,us with a deep gratitude to the great giver — God. We can do noth- 
 ing to repay him for all his kindness; all we can do is to try and be 
 worthy of it. 
 
 We despise the man who is ungrateful for any kindness shown to 
 him, how much more is he to be despised who fails to thank his Maker. 
 
 Let us rejoice and be glad in God's goodness and bring thanks to 
 him with full and joyous hearts, in prayer, in praise and in song. 
 
 " Whatever will make us better, happier, God has placed either openly 
 before us or very close to us." — Seneca. 
 
 " Let us never day nor night unhallowed pass, 
 But still remember what the Lord hath done." — Shakespeare. 
 
 " Thank God for rest, 
 Where none molest, 
 And none can make afraid ; 
 For Peace that sits 
 As Plenty's guest 
 Beneath the homestead's shade." 
 
52 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 Prove that the above is true by the following or other stories in the 
 Bible: Examples: I. Samuel i., ii.; I. Samuel xii.; II. Samuel xxii. 
 
 i. I am not worthy of all the kindness and of all the truth which 
 thou hast shown unto thy servant. ^Genesis xxxii. n.) 
 
 2. What shall I give in return unto the Lord for all his bounties 
 toward me ? (Psalms cxvi. 12.) 
 
 3. They (therefore) shall give thanks unto the Lord for his kind- 
 ness, and (proclaim) his wonders to the children of men! For he sat- 
 isfied the longing soul, and the hungry soul he filled with good. 
 (Psalms cvii. 8-9. ) 
 
 4. When thou hast eaten and art satisfied, then shalt thou bless the 
 Lord thy God for the good land which he hath given thee. (Deu- 
 teronomy viii. 10.) 
 
 5. Take heed unto thyself that thou forget not the Lord thy God, 
 so as not to keep his commandments, and his ordinances, and his' 
 statutes, which I command thee this day ; that when thou hast eaten 
 and art satisfied and hast built goodly houses, and dwelt therein ; and 
 when thy herds and thy flocks multiply, and thy silver and thy gold 
 are multiplied, and all that thou hast is multiplied : Thy h^art be 
 then not lifted up, and thou forget the Lord thy God who hath brought 
 thee forth out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery ; who 
 hath led thee through the great and terrible wilderness, wherein are 
 snakes, poisonous serpents and scorpions, and drought, where there 
 is no water ; who hath brought forth for thee water out of the flinty 
 rock ; who hath fed thee in the wilderness with manna, which thy 
 fathers knew not; in order to afflict thee, and in order to prove thee, 
 to do thee good at thy latter end; and thou say in thy heart, " My 
 power and the strength of my hand have gotten me this wealth." But 
 thou shalt remember the Lord thy God ; for it is he that giveth thee 
 power to get wealth ; in order that he might fulfill his covenant which 
 he hath sworn unto thy fathers, as it is this day. (Deuteronomy viii. 
 11-18.) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 53 
 
 6. Will ye thus requite the Lord, O people, worthless and un- 
 wise ? Is he not thy father who hath bought thee ? Is it not he who 
 hath made thee, and established thee ? (Deuteronomy xxxii. 6.) 
 
 7. I will thank thee with uprightness of heart, when I learn thy 
 righteous ordinances. (Psalms cxix. 7. ) 
 
 8. It is a good thing to give thanks unto the Lord and to sing 
 praises unto thy name, O Most High ! To tell in the morning of thy 
 kindness and of thy faithfulness in the nights. (Psalms xcii. 2-3.) 
 
 9. Hallelujah ! Praise, O my soul, the Lord. I will praise the 
 Lord throughout my life ; I will sing praises unto my God while I 
 have any being. (Psalms cxlvi. 1-2.) 
 
 10. Bat as for us, we will bless the Lord from this time forth and 
 for evermore. Hallelujah! (Psalms cxv. 18.) 
 
 11. But verily God hath heard : he hath listened to the voice of 
 my prayer. Blessed be God who hath not removed my prayer (from 
 him) nor his kindness from me. (Psalms lxvi. 19-20.) 
 
 12. Blessed be the Lord, because he hath heard the voice of my 
 supplications. The Lord is my strength and my shield; in him hath 
 my heart trusted, and I am helped, and my heart exulteth; and with 
 my song will I thank him. (Psalms xxviii. 6-7. ) 
 
 13. I will praise the name of God with song, and will magnify him 
 with thanksgiving. And this will please the Lord better than an ox 
 or bullock having horns and cloven hoofs. The meek will see this 
 and be rejoiced; ye that seek God, and your heart shall rejoice. For 
 the Lord listeneth unto the needy, and his prisoners he despiseth not. 
 Let heaven and earth praise him, the seas, and everything that mov- 
 eth therein. (Psalms lxix. 31-35.) 
 
 14. All thy works shall thank thee, O Lord, and thy pious servants 
 shall bless thee. (Psalms cxl v. 10.) 
 
 15. Hallelujah; for the Lord is good; sing praises unto his holy 
 name ; for it is lovely. For Jacob hath the Lord chosen unto him- 
 self, Israel, as his peculiar treasure. (Psalms cxxxv. 3-4.) 
 
 16. A song of the degrees by David. If it had not been the Lord 
 who was for us, so should Israel say ; if it had not been the Lord who 
 
54 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 was for us, when men rose up against us; then would they have 
 swallowed us up alive when their wrath was kindled against us; then 
 would the waters have overwhelmed us, the stream would have passed 
 over our soul. Then would have passed over our soul the presumptu- 
 ous waters. Bless the Lord who hath not given us up as a prey to 
 their teeth. Our soul is escaped like the bird out of the snare of the 
 fowlers ; the snare is broken and we are escaped. Our help is in the 
 name of the Lord, the maker of heaven and earth. (Psalms cxxiv.) 
 
 17. A psalm of thanksgiving. Shout joyfully unto the Lord all ye 
 ands. Serve the Lord with joy; come before his piesence with tri- 
 umphal song. Know that the Lord is God indeed ; it is he that hath 
 made us, and his are we — his people and the flock of his pasture. 
 Enter his gates with thanksgiving, his courts with praise ; give thanks 
 unto him, bless his name. For the Lord is good, to eternity endureth 
 his kindness and unto the latest generation his truth. (Psalms c. ) 
 
 V.— TRUST FIRMLY IN GOD AND BOW WITH PIOUS 
 HUMILITY TO HIS WILL. 
 
 Although man has been created in the image of God, although he 
 has been gifted with reason and judgment, still he is but a mortal. 
 His knowledge is limited, it can not reach beyond the sphere which 
 has been assigned to him. Everywhere we are surrounded by mys- 
 teries and wonders, before which we stand in awe. 
 
 Oftentimes we are afflicted with troubles and suffering, which in our 
 shortsightedness we regard as unjust. But whatever of evil happens 
 to us we must humbly submit to it. " The mysteries and secret things 
 belong to the Eternal, our God." God's wisdom is beyond our com- 
 prehension. What we regard as wrong often turns out to be of great 
 benefit. God strikes, but he also heals, and in his healing there is 
 more of Divine blessing than there has been evil in his strokes. 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 55 
 
 " Oh, deem not they are blest alone, 
 Whose lives a peaceful tenor keep ! 
 The power who pities man hath shown, 
 A blessing for the eyes that weep. 
 
 " The light of smiles shall fill again, 
 The lids that overflow with tears, 
 And weary hours of woe and pain, 
 Are promises of happier years." — William Cullen Bryant. 
 
 " God shall be my hope, 
 My stay, my guide and lantern to my feet." — Shakespeare. 
 
 " The good are better made by ill, 
 As odors crushed are sweeter still." — Rogers. 
 
 "The path of sorrow, and that path alone, 
 Leads to the land where sorrow is unknown." — Cowper. 
 
 " Nor let the good man's trust depart, 
 Though life its common gifts deny, 
 Though with a pierced and bleeding heart, 
 And spurned of man, he goes to die. 
 " For God hath marked each sorrowing day, 
 And numbered every sacred tear, 
 And Heaven's long age of bliss shall pay 
 For all his children suffers here." 
 
 — William Cullen Bryant. 
 
 Prove that the above are true by the following or other stones in 
 the Bible: Examples: II. Samuel xii. 16-23; II. Chronicles xxxii. 
 1-27; Job iv., xiii. 
 
 1. That thy trust may be in the Lord, have I made them known 
 to thee this day, yea, even to thee. (Proverbs xxii. 19.) 
 
 2. He giveth to the faint strength; and to the powerless he im- 
 parteth much might. 
 
 Though youths should grow faint and be weary, and young men 
 should utterly stumble : 
 
 Yet they that wait upon the Lord shall acquire new strength, they 
 
5 6 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run and not be weary, 
 they shall walk and not become faint. (Isaiah xl. 29-31.) 
 
 3. The Lord is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer ; my 
 God, my rock, in whom I trust; my shield and the horn of my salva- 
 tion, and my high tower. (Psalms xviii. 3. ) 
 
 4. For thou wilt cause my light to shine ; the Lord my God will 
 enlighten my darkness. 
 
 For (aided) by thee I run through a troop; and (helped) by my 
 God I leap over a wall. As for God his way is perfect; the word 
 of the Lord is tried; he is a shield to all those that trust in him. 
 (Psalms xviii. 29-31.) 
 
 5. But the Lord will sit enthroned forever; he hath established 
 forgiving judgment his throne. 
 
 And he will judge the world with righteousness, he shall decide for 
 the people with equity. 
 
 The Lord also will be a stronghold for the oppressed, a stronghold 
 in times of distress. And they that know thy name will put their 
 trust in thee ; for thou hast not forsaken those that seek thee, O Lord ! 
 (Psalms ix. 8-1 1. ) 
 
 6. Unto thee, O Lord, do I lift up my soul. O my God, in thee 
 do I trust, let me not be ashamed, let not mine enemies triumph over 
 me. 
 
 Yea, none that wait on thee will be put to shame : let those be put 
 to shame who deal treacherously without cause. Show me, O Lord, 
 thy ways ; teach me thy paths. 
 
 Lead me in thy truth, and teach me ; for thou art the God of my 
 salvation; on thee do I wait all the day. (Psalms xxv. 1-5. ) 
 
 7 It is good for a man that he bear the yoke in his youth ; 
 
 That he sit in solitude and be silent ; because he hath laid it upon 
 him; 
 
 That he put his mouth in the dust; perhaps there still is hope; 
 
 That he offer his cheek to him that smiteth him ; that he be satisfied 
 with reproach ; 
 
 For the Lord will not cast off forever ; 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 57 
 
 But though he have caused grief, yet will he have mercy, according 
 to the abundance of his kindness. (Lamentations iii. 27-32.) 
 
 8. For thus hath said the Lord Eternal, the Holy One of Israel, 
 In repose and rest shall ye be helped ; in quietness and in confidence 
 shall be your strength. (Isaiah xxx. 15.) 
 
 9. And Moses said unto the people, " Fear ye not, standstill, and 
 see the salvation of the Lord, which he will do for you to-day ; for as 
 ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye shall not see them again any 
 more forever. The Lord shall fight for you and you shall hold your 
 peace." (Exodus xiv. 13, 14.) 
 
 10. He is the Lord; let him do what seemeth good in his eyes. 
 (I. Samuel iii. 18.) 
 
 it. And the King said unto Zadok, " Carry back the ark of God 
 into the city ; if I shall find favor in the eyes of the Lord, he will 
 bring me back again, and show me both it and his dwelling. 
 
 But if he should thus say, I have no delight in thee ; here am I, let 
 him do to me as seemeth good in his eyes/' (II. Samuel xv. 25, 26.) 
 
 The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away, may the name of 
 the Lord be blessed. (Job i. 21.) 
 
 13. The Lord is my light and my salvation, of whom shall I be 
 afraid? The Lord is the fortress of my life, of whom shall I have 
 dread? (Psalms xxvii. 1.) 
 
 14. And the Lord it is that goeth before thee; he will be with thee, 
 he will not let thee fail, nor will he forsake thee : fear not, nor be 
 thou discouraged. (Deuteronomy xxxi. 8.) 
 
 15. God is our protection and strength, a help in distresses very 
 readily found. Therefore, will ye not fear, even when the earth is 
 transformed, and when mountains are moved into the heart of the 
 seas. (Psalms xlvi. 1, 3.) 
 
 16. For I, the Lord thy God, lay hold of thy right hand ; (I am 
 he) who saith unto thee: Fear not I will help thee. (Isaiah xli. 13. ) 
 
 17. Behold, God is my salvation: I will trust and not be afraid ; 
 for my strength and song is Yah the Eternal ; and he is become my 
 salvation. (Isaiah xii. 2.) 
 
58 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 1 8. O Lord of hosts ! happy is the man that trusteth in thee. 
 (Psalms lxxxiv. 13. ) 
 
 19. Unless the Lord build the house, in vain labor they that build 
 on it ; unless the Lord guard the city, in vain is the watchman wake- 
 ful. It is in vain for you to be early in rising, to be late in sitting up, 
 eating the bread of painful toils ; (ior) so doth he give unto his beloved 
 sleep. (Psalms cxxvii. j, 2.) 
 
 20. Trust in the Lord with all thy heart ; and upon thine own un- 
 derstanding do not rely. (Proverbs iii. 5.) 
 
 21. Trust in the Lord and do good; dwell in the land and feed 
 (thyself with) truthfulness. And delight thyself in the Lord, and 
 he will give thee the wishes of thy heart. Commit thy way unto the 
 Lord, and trust in him : and he will accomplish it. And he will bring 
 forth as the light thy righteousness, and the justice of thy (cause) as 
 the noonday. Be silent before the Lord, and wait patiently for him : 
 fret not thyself because of him* who prospereth in his way, because of 
 the man who practices wicked devices. (Psalms xxxvii. 3-7.) 
 
 22. Yea, in God hope in silence, my soul, for from him is my 
 expectation. Only he is my rock and my salvation; (he is) my de- 
 fense; I shall not be moved. With God are my salvation and my 
 glory; the rock of my strength (and) my protection are in «God. 
 Trust in him at all times, O ye people; pour out before him your 
 heart : God is our protection for us. Selah. Verily, nought are the 
 sons of (common) men, a lie the sons of (the great) men; they 
 must rise in the balance, they are altogether (lighter) than nought. 
 Do not put your trust in defrauding : and be not rendered vain 
 through robbery : if riches flourish, set not your heart (upon them). 
 Once hath God spoken (yea) twice (what) I have heard; that strength 
 belongeth unto God. (Psalms lxii. 6-12.) 
 
 23. ' * Lo, this is the man that made not God his fortress, but trusted 
 in the abundance of his riches, relied proudly on his mischievous 
 wickedness." But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God; 
 I trust in the kindness of God forever and ever. I will thank thee 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 59 
 
 forever because thou hast done it; and I will wait on thy name for (it 
 is) good before thy pious ones. (Psalms lii. 9-1 1.) 
 
 24. Thus hath said the Lord, Cursed is the man that trusteth in 
 man and placeth on flesh his dependence, while from the Lord his 
 heart departeth. And he shall be like a lonely tree in the desert, 
 which feeleth not when the good cometh ; but abideth in the parched 
 places in the wilderness, in a salty land which can not be inhabited. 
 Blessed is the man that trusteth in the Lord, and the Lord will be his 
 trust. And he shall be like a tree that is planted by the waters, and 
 by a stream spreadeth out its roots, which feeleth not when the heat 
 cometh, but its leaf remaineth green, and in a year of drought it is 
 undisturbed by care and ceaseth not from yielding fruit. (Jeremiah 
 xvii. 5-8.) 
 
 25. The Lord is for me, among those that help me; therefore shall 
 I indeed look on (the punishment of) those that hate me. It is better 
 to seek shelter with the Lord than to trust in man. It is better to 
 seek shelter with the Lord than to trust in princes. (Psalms cxviii. 
 
 7-9-) 
 
 26. Put not your trust in princes, in the son of man in whom there 
 is no salvation. When his spirit goeth forth he returneth to his (native) 
 earth : on that very day perish his thoughts. But happy is he who 
 hath the God of Jacob for his help, whose hope is on the Lord his 
 God, who hath made heaven and earth, the sea and all that is therein ; 
 who keepeth truth forever; who doeth justice for the oppressed; who 
 giveth bread to the hungry; the Lord looseneth the prisoners; the 
 Lord causeth the blind to see,' the Lord raiseth up those who are 
 bowed down; the Lord loveth the righteous; the Lord guardeth 
 the strangers; the fatherless and widow he helpeth up. (Psalms 
 cxlvi. 3-9. ) 
 
 27. Cast thy burden upon the Lord, and he will sustain thee ; he will 
 never suffer the righteous to be moved. (Psalms lv. 23. ) 
 
 28. O fear the Lord, ye, his saints ; for there is no want to those 
 who fear him. (Psalms xxxiv. 10.) 
 
60 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 29. In the fear of the Lord is the strong confidence (of man) and 
 unto his children will it be a place of shelter. (Proverbs xiv. 26. ) 
 
 30. I have been young, and I am also grown old, yet have I never 
 seen the righteous forsaken nor his seed seeking for bread. (Psalms 
 xxxvii. 25.) 
 
 31. But now thus hath said the Lord that created thee, O Jacob, 
 and he that formed thee, O Israel, Fear not, for I have redeemed 
 thee, I have called thee by thy name; mine art thou. Whenever 
 thou passeth through the waters, I am with thee ; and through the 
 rivers — they shall not overflow thee j whenever thou walkest through 
 the fire, thou shalt not be scorched; neither shall the flame burn on 
 thee. (Isaiah xliii. 1—2.) 
 
 32. I lift up mine eyes unto the mountains; whence shall come 
 my help? My help is from the Lord, the maker of heaven and earth. 
 He will not suffer thy foot to slip ; thy keeper doth not slumber. 
 Behold he slumbereth not, and he sleepeth not — the keeper of Israel. 
 The Lord is thy keeper: the Lord is thy shade, he is on thy right 
 hand. By day the sun shall not strike thee, nor the moon by night. 
 The Lord will guard thee against all evil ; he will guard thy soul. 
 The Lord will guard thy going out and thy coming in from this time 
 forth and for evermore. (Psalms cxxi.) 
 
 33. What? Should we accept the good alone from God, and the 
 evil we should not accept? (Job ii. 10.) 
 
 34. The correction of the Lord, my son, do not despise; and 
 feel no loathing for his admonition; because whomever the Lord 
 loveth he admonisheth; and as a father who delighteth in (his) son. 
 (Pioverbs iii. 11, 12.) 
 
 35. And thou shalt consider in thy heart that as a man chasten- 
 eth his son, so doth the Lord thy God chasten thee. (Deuteronomy 
 viii. 5.) 
 
 36. Happy is the man whom thou admonishest, O Lord ! and 
 teachest him out of thy law. (Psalms xciv. 12.) 
 
 37. Behold, happy is the man whom God admonisheth; despise 
 then not the correction of the Almighty. For he it is that woundeth, 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 6l 
 
 and bindeth up ; he smiteth, and his hands do heal. In six distresses 
 will he deliver thee • and in seven there shall be no evil touch thee. 
 In famine he redeemeth thee from death; and in war from the power 
 of the sword. Against the scourge of the tongue shalt thou be 
 hidden ; and thou needest not be afraid of destruction when it cometh. 
 At destruction and famine canst thou laugh ; and thou needest not have 
 any fear of the beasts of the earth. (Job v. 1 7-22. ) 
 
 38. Th« Lord is good, a stronghold on the day of distress; and 
 he knoweth those that trust in him. (Nahum i. 7.) 
 
 39. Behold, the eye of the Lord is upon those that fear him, and 
 upon those that hope for his kindness, to deliver from death their 
 soul, and to keep them alive from famine. Our soul waiteth for the 
 Lord : our help and our shield is he. For in him shall our heart re- 
 joice : because in his holy name have we trusted. Let thy kindness 
 O Lord, be upon us, even as we hope in thee. (Psalms xxxiii. 18- 
 22.) 
 
 40. Blessed be the Lord; day by day he loadeth us (with bene- 
 fits) ; our Lord is our salvation. Selah. Our God is to us the God 
 of salvation ; and by the Eternal the Lord are the escapes from death. 
 (Psalms lxviii. 20. 21.) 
 
 41. Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou 
 disquieted within me ? Hope thou in God ; for I shall yet thank him, 
 the salvation of my countenance and my God. (Psalms xlii. 12. ) 
 
 VI.— BELIEVE IN GOD AND IN NO SUPERSTITION. 
 
 A strong and healthy mind will never allow itself to be troubled 
 by the superstitious beliefs, the ghostly fears and the foolish practices 
 of so many weak-minded people. We should trust firmly in God, 
 knowing that he is wise and just. And, therefore, it is wrong for us 
 to encourage all such lying persons who practice deceit in order to 
 make us believe that, they can tell what is going to happen, for this 
 God has wisely hidden from the eyes of all men. 
 
62 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 " God can change the lowest to the highest, 
 Abase the proud, and raise the humble." — Horace. 
 
 " Is there any other seat of the Divinity than the earth, sea, air, the 
 heavens, and virtuous minds? Why do you seek God elsewhere? He is 
 whatever you seethe is wherever you move." — Lucan. 
 
 " Nothing is more deceitful in appearance than false religion." — Livy. 
 
 Prove that the above are true by the following or other stories in 
 the Bible : Examples : II. Chronicles vi. ; II. Chronicles xxxii. ; 
 Daniel in, v., vi. 
 
 i. Ye shall not tempt the. Lord your God as ye tempted him in 
 Massah. (Deuteronomy vi. 16. ) 
 
 2. Harden not your heart as at Meribah, as on the day of the 
 temptation in the wilderness, when your fathers tempted me, proved 
 me, although they had seen my doing. (Psalms xcv. 8, g. ) 
 
 3. Yea, they spoke against God : they said, " Will God be able to 
 set in order a table in the wilderness? Behold, he smote the rock, 
 so that waters gushed out, and streams overflowed; shall he also be 
 able to give bread ? or can he provide flesh for his people ? Because 
 they had not believed in God, and had not trusted in his salvation." 
 (Psalms lxxviii. 19, 20, 22.) 
 
 4. Yea, they once more tempted God, and set limits to the Holy 
 One of Israel. They remembered not his hand, the day when he 
 ransomed them from the adversary. (Psalms lxxviii. 41, 42.) 
 
 5. But Achaz said, " I will not ask, and I will not tempt the Lord." 
 (Isaiah vii. 12.) 
 
 6. There shall not be found among thee any one who causeth hi 
 son or his daughter to pass through the fire, one who usetft the divi- 
 nation, one who is an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a con- 
 jurer, or a charmer or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, 
 who inquireth of the dead. For an abomination unto the Lord are 
 all that do these things. (Deuteronomy xviii. 10 12.) 
 
 7. And the person that turneth unto such as have familiar spirits, 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 63 
 
 and unto wizards, to go astray after them— then will I set my face 
 against that person and will cut him off from among his people. 
 (Leviticus xx. 6.) 
 
 8. Thus hath said the Lord, Do not habituate yourselves to the 
 way of the nations, and at the signs of the heaven be ye not dis- 
 mayed; although the nations should be dismayed at them. (Jere- 
 miah x. 2.) 
 
 9. I hate those that depend on lying vanities ; but I trust indeed 
 in the Lord. (Psalms xxxi. 7.) 
 
 10. Happy is the man that maketh the Lord his trust, and turneth^ 
 not unto the proud nor such as stray aside unto lies. (Psalms xl. 5. ) 
 
 VIK— WORSHIP GOD WITH AN UPRIGHT HEART. 
 
 The feeling to pray, to pour forth our thanks to God for all his 
 loving kindness is deep-seated within every good and moral man. 
 As long as there is a pure, filial relationship between man and God 
 so long will prayer be a necessity. It is natural for a man to com- 
 mune with God, when he is in harmony with himself and his Maker. 
 There are various ways of praying, but when sincerely performed, 
 the result is ever the same, pleasing to God and exercising a bene- 
 ficial, moral and educating influence on the one who prays. 
 
 " Prayer is the soul's sincere desire, 
 Uttered or unexpressed ; 
 The motion of a hidden fire, 
 That trembles in the breast. 
 
 " Prayer is the burden of a sigh, 
 The falling of a tear ; 
 The upward glancing of an eye, 
 AVhen none but God is near. 
 
 " Prayer is the simplest form of speech 
 That infant lips can try ; 
 Prayer the sublimest strains that reach 
 The majesty on high."— James Montgomery. 
 
64 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 " He prayeth best, who loveth best 
 All things, both great and small." — Coleridge. 
 
 '■' No man can pray heartily without learning something." — Emerson. 
 
 "The first petition that we are to make to Almighty God is for a good 
 conscience, the next for health of mind, and then of body." — Seneca. 
 
 11 Be not afraid to pray— to pray is right." — Hartly Coleridge. 
 
 " What greater calamity can fall upon a nation than the loss of worship?" 
 — Emerson. 
 
 "Things sacred should not only not be touched with the hands, but not 
 violated in thought." — Cicero. 
 
 Prove that the above are true by the following or other stories in 
 the Bible : Example : II. Chronicles xxix. 
 
 i. Watch thy foot when thou goest to the house of God. (Ec- 
 clesiates iv. 17.) 
 
 2. How fearful is this place! this is none other but the house of 
 God, and this is the gate of heaven. (Genesis xxviii. 17.) 
 
 3. The Lord is nigh unto those that are broken-hearted, he saveth 
 those that are of a contrite spirit. (Psalms tfxxiv. 19.) 
 
 4. The Lord is nigh unto ajl those who call on him, to all who 
 call on him in truth. The desire of those who fear him will he fulfill, 
 and their cry will he hear and save them. (Psalms cxlv. 18, 19. ) 
 
 5. O Lord ! open thou my lips, and my mouth shall declare thy 
 praise. For thou desirest not sacrifice ; else would I give it ; in 
 burnt offering hast thou no delight. The sacrifices of God are a 
 broken spirit ; a broken and a contrite heart, O God, wilt thou not 
 despise. (Psalms li. 17-19.) 
 
 6. To my words give ear, O Lord! have regard to my medita- 
 tion. Listen unto the voice of my loud cry, my King and my God, 
 when unto thee I pray. O Lord, in the morning do thou hear my 
 voice : in the morning will I set in order (my prayer) before thee, 
 and look up with hope. (Psalms v. 2-4 ) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 65 
 
 7. I, however, will call on God ; and the Lord will save me. At 
 evening and morning and noon will I make my complaint and moan; 
 and he heareth my voice. (Psalms ly. 17, 18.) 
 
 8. But thou, O Lord, art a shield around me, my glory and he 
 that lifteth up my head. With my voice I call unto the Lord, and he 
 answereth me out of his holy mountain. Selah. I laid myself down 
 and slept: I awoke; for the Lord sustaineth me. (Psalms iii. 4-6.) 
 
 9 May the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart 
 be acceptable before thee, O Lord, my Rock and my Redeemer. 
 (Psalms xix. 15.) 
 
 10. It is lovely to me that the Lord heareth my voice; my sup- 
 plications, for he hath inclined his ear unto me : therefore through- 
 out all my days will I call on him. The bands of death had com- 
 passed me, and the pangs of the nether world had overtaken me ; I 
 had met with distress and sorrow. I then called on the name of the 
 Lord, I beseech thee, O Lord! release my soul. Gracious" is the 
 Lord and righteous ; and our God is merciful. The Lord preserveth 
 the simple ; I was in misery and he helped me. Return, O my soul 1 
 unto thy rest : for the Lord hath dealt bountifully with thee. For thou 
 hast delivered my soul from death, mine eyes from tears, my feet from 
 falling. (Psalms cxvi. 1-8.) 
 
 11. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination of the Lord; 
 but the prayer of the upright obtaineth his favor. (Proverbs xv. 8.) 
 
 12. And the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near with 
 their mouth, and with their lips do honor me, but have removed their 
 heart far from me, and their fear toward me is but the acquired pre- 
 cept of men : Therefore, behold, I will do yet farther a marvelous 
 work with this people, doing wonder on wonder ; so that the wisdom 
 of their wise men shall be lost, and the understanding of their prudent 
 men shall be hidden. (Isaiah xxix. 13, 14.) 
 
 13. Because thy kindness is better than life, my lips shall praise 
 thee. Thus will I bless thee while I live; in thy name will I lift up 
 my hands. When I remember thee upon my couch, I meditate 
 on thee in the night-watches. Because thou hast been a help 
 
66 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 unto me; and in the shadow of thy wings will I sing rejoicingly. My 
 soul cleaveth unto following thee : me thy right hand upholdeth. 
 (Psalms lxiii. 4, 5, 7-9.) 
 
 14. But as for me, in the abundance of thy kindness will I enter 
 thy house ; I will bow myself down before thy holy temple in fear of 
 thee. (Psalms v. 8. ) 
 
 15. Hallelujah : for it is good to sing praises unto our God ; for it 
 is comely; (him) becometh praise. (Psalms cxlvii. 1.) 
 
 16. I will bless the Lord at all times : continually shall his praise 
 be in my mouth. My soul shall make her boast in the Lord : the 
 humble shall hear it and be rejoiced. O magnify the Lord with 
 me, and let us exalt his name together. I sought the Lord, and he 
 answered me, and from all that I dreaded did he deliver me. This 
 poor man cried, and the Lord heard him, and out of all his distresses 
 did he save him. The angel of the Lord encampeth round about 
 those that fear him, and delivereth them. (Psalms xxiv. 2-8.) 
 
 17. Look unto the heavens, and see, and gaze on the skies which 
 are higher than thou. If thou sin, what dost thou effect against 
 him? and if thy transgressions be multiplied, what canst thou do unto 
 him ? If thou be righteous, what givest thou him ? or what doth he 
 accept out of thy hand ? (Job xxxv. 5-7. ) 
 
 18. Yet turn not aside from following the Lord, and serve ye the 
 Lord with all thy heart. (I. Samuel xii. 20. ) 
 
 19. When one turneth away his ear so as not to listen to the law, 
 even his prayer becometh an abomination. ( Proverbs xxviii. 9.) 
 
 20. For the commandment is a lamp, and the law is light; and 
 the way of life are the admonitions of correction. (Proverbs vi. 23. ) 
 
 21. Offer sacrifices of righteousness and put your trust in the Lord. 
 (Psalms iv. 6. ) 
 
 22. And Samuel said, " Hath the Lord as much delight in burnt- 
 offerings and in sacrifices as in obeying the voice of the Lord? Be- 
 hold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to attend more than the fat 
 of the rams." (I. Samuel xv. 22. ) 
 
 23. Sacrifice and meat-offering thou desirest not — ears hast thou 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 6f 
 
 hollowed out unto me — burnt-offering and sin-offering thou demandest 
 not. . (Psalms xl. 7.) 
 
 •24. To exercise righteousness and justice is more acceptable to the 
 Lord than sacrifice. (Proverbs xxi. 3.) 
 
 25. Hear, O my people, and I will speak ; O Israel, and I will 
 testify against thee : God, thy Lord, am I. Not because of thy 
 sacrifices will I reprove thee ; and thy burnt-offerings are continually 
 before me. I will not take a bullock out of thy house, nor he-goats 
 out of thy folds. For mine are all the beasts of the forest, the cattle 
 upon a thousand mountains. I know all the fowls of the mountains; 
 whatever moveth on the fields is with me. If I were hungry I would 
 not say it to thee : for mine is the world and what filleth it. Do I eat the 
 flesh of fatted bulls or drink the blood of he-goats ? Offer unto God 
 thanksgiving, and pay unto the Most High thy vows; and call on me 
 on the day of distress, I will deliver thee ; and so wilt thou glorify 
 me. (Psalms 1. 7-15.) 
 
 26. And Solomon now placed himself before the altar of the Lord 
 in the presence of all the congregation of Israel, and spread forth his 
 hands toward Heaven; and he said, O Lord, the God of Israel, there 
 is no God like thee in the heavens above or on the earth beneath, 
 thou who keepest the convenant and the kindness for thy servants 
 that walk before thee with all their heart. For in truth will God then 
 dwell on the earth ? Behold, the heavens and the heavens of heavens 
 can not contain thee : how much less then this house which I have 
 built ! Yet wilt thou turn unto the prayer of thy servant and to his sup- 
 plication, O Lord, my God, to listen unto the entreaty and unto the 
 prayer which thy servant prayeth before thee to-day ; that thine eyes may 
 be open toward this house night and day, toward the place of which 
 thou hast said, My name shall be there ; that thou mayest listen unto the 
 prayer which thy servant shall pray at this place : And listen thou to 
 the supplication of thy servant and thy people, Israel, which they will 
 pray at this place: O do thou hear in heaven, thy dwelling-place; 
 and hear and forgive. What prayer and supplication soever be made 
 by any man of all thy people Israel, when they shall be conscious, 
 
68 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 every man of the plague of his own heart, and he then spread 
 forth his hands toward this house. Then do thou hear in heaven, the 
 place of thy dwelling, and forgive, and act, and give to every man in 
 accordance with all his ways, as thou mayest know his heart; for 
 thou thyself alone knowest the heart of all the children of men ; in 
 order that they may fear thee all the days that they live on the face of 
 the land which thou hast given unto our fathers. But also to the 
 stranger who is not of thy people Israel, but cometh out of a far-off 
 country for the sake of thy name ; for they will hear of thy great 
 name, and of thy strong hand, and of thy outstretched arm ; when he 
 will come and pray at this house: Mayest thou listen in heaven, 
 the place of thy dwelling, and do according to all that the stranger 
 will call on thee for; in order that all the nations of the earth may 
 know thy name, to fear thee as (do) thy people Israel: and that they 
 may understand that this house which I have built is called by thy 
 name. (I. Kings viii. 22, 23, 27-30, 38-43.) 
 
 27. O come, let us sing unto the Lord: let us shout joyfully to 
 the rock of our salvation. Let us come before his presence with 
 thanksgiving, and shout joyfully unto him with psalms. For a great 
 God is the Lord, and a great King above all Gods; in whose hand 
 are the deep places of the earth ; and whose are the heights of the 
 mountains; whose is the sea and who hath made it; and whose hands 
 have formed the dry land, O come and let us prostrate ourselves 
 and bow down : let us kneel before the Lord our Maker. For he is 
 our God, and we are the people of his pasture and the flock of his 
 hand: Yea, this day if ye will hearken unto his voice. (Psalms 
 xcv. 1-7.) 
 
 28. Take with you words and return to the Lord; say unto him, 
 "Pardon all (our) iniquity and accept (our return to) good : and let 
 us repay the steers (of sacrifice) with (the prayer of) our lips." (Ho- 
 sea xiv. 3. ) 
 
 29. In assemblies bless ye God (praise) the Lord, ye sprung from 
 Israel's fountain. (Psalms lxviii. 27.) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 69 
 
 VIII.— LET THE OBSERVANCE OF THE SABBATHS AND 
 HOLIDAYS AND YOUR ATTENDANCE AT THE PLACE 
 AND PARTAKING IN ALL MATTERS OF WORSHIP BE 
 A FIXED AND EARNEST DUTY ALL THROUGH LIFE. 
 
 The great blessings which God has given us in our Sabbaths and 
 holidays must ever be remembered, and their observance will ever be 
 a joy and benefit to us. Men may so fix their attention and their af- 
 fections on the pleasures and pursuits of the world as to forget every 
 higher and nobler purpose, to forget that at any moment death may 
 come, and all the work, worry and unrest with which we burden our- 
 selves will prove to be vain. To teach this and to prevent our losing 
 ourselves in worldliness our Sabbaths and holidays are given to us. 
 By ceasing from our labors and observing them, especially if it be at some 
 cost and sacrifice, we prove thereby that we are free, that we regard 
 the claims of our spiritual natures over our merely bodily wants, and 
 that the cultivation of our religious and moral nature is the truest and 
 best, as it is the highest aim of life. Each one of these sacred days 
 has many special lessons to teach, which, if we mind them, will surely 
 better us— but in general they all give us a time for reflection and de- 
 votion, make us forget our cares and give us new trust and strength 
 to bear them by our communion with God. 
 
 They give us rest in mind and body, and afford the laboring ani- 
 mals also that rest which all creatures must have, and which makes 
 them able to do better work then and after, which gives them that 
 vitality which lengthens life. But most of all these Sabbaths and 
 holidays are of untold good in that they afford the time and the means 
 for bringing families together, for binding firmer the domestic ties of 
 love which are the one great source of pure and useful and happy 
 lives. 
 
fO BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 " day of rest ! how beautiful, how fair, 
 How welcome to the weary and the old ! 
 Day of the Lord, and truce to earthly care, 
 
 Day of the Lord, as all our days should be." — Longfellow. 
 
 "Take rest, a field that has rested gives a bountiful crop." — Ovid 
 
 " Straining breaks the bow, and relaxation relieves the mind." — Syrus. 
 
 Prove the truth of the above by the following or other stories of 
 the Bible: Examples: II. Samuel vi. ; IX. Chronicles vii. ; Ne- 
 hemiah vhi. ; II. Chronicles xxxv. 
 
 1. And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying, Speak unto the 
 children of Israel and say unto them, The feasts of the Lord, which 
 ye shall proclaim to be holy convocation — these are my feasts. Six 
 days may work be done ; but on the seventh day is the Sabbath of 
 rest, a holy convocation, no kind of work shall ye do thereon, it is 
 the Sabbath (holy) unto the Lord in all your dwellings. (Leviticus 
 xxiii. 1-3.) 
 
 2. And the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, to observe 
 the Sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 
 Between me and the children of Israel it shall be a sign forever ; for 
 in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, and on the 
 seventh day he rested, and was refreshed. (Exodus xxxi. 16, 17.) 
 
 3. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. Six days shalt 
 thou labor and do all thy work. But the seventh day is the Sabbath 
 in honor of the Lord thy God : on it thou shalt not do any work, 
 neither thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor 
 thy maid servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy 
 gates. For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, 
 the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day; there- 
 fore the Lord blessed the seventh day and hallowed it. (Exodus xx. 
 8-11.) 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 71 
 
 4. On the fourteenth day of the first month* toward evening is the 
 Passover-lamb to be offered unto the Lord. And on the fifteenth 
 day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread unto the 
 Lord; seven days must ye eat unleavened bread. (Leviticus xxiii. 
 
 5. 6-) 
 
 5. And on the first day there shall be a holy convocation, and on 
 
 the seventh day there shall be a holy convocation to you; no manner 
 of work shall be done on them, save what is eaten by every man, 
 that only may be prepared by you. And ye shall observe the un- 
 leavened bread; for on this self-same day have I brought your armies 
 out of the land of Egypt; therefore shall ye observe this day in your 
 generations as an ordinance forever. (Exodus xii. 16, 17.) 
 
 6. Seven weeks shak thou number unto thyself: from the time 
 thou beginnest to put the sickle to the eorn, shs.lt thou begin to num- 
 ber seven weeks. And thou shalt keep the feast of weeks unto the 
 Lord thy God with a tribute of a free will offering of thy hand, which 
 thou shalt give, according as the Lord thy God shall have blessed 
 thee. And thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God, thou, and thy 
 son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy maid-servant, 
 and the Levite that is within thy gates, and the stranger, and the 
 fatherless, and the widow that are in the midst of thee, in the place 
 which the Lord thy God will choose to let his name dwell there, and 
 thou shalt remember that thou hast been a bondman in Egypt ; and 
 thou shalt observe and do these statutes. (Deuteronomy xvi. 9-12.) 
 
 7. And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, sha'l 
 ye have a holy convocation; no servile work shall ye do; a day of 
 blowing of the cornet shall it be unto you. (Numbers xxix. 1. ) 
 
 8. And it shall be unto you a statute forever : in the seventh 
 month, on the tenth of the month, shall ye afflict yourselves, and no 
 work shall ye do, whether it be one of your own country or the 
 stranger that sojourneth among you. For on that day shall (the 
 
 *The names of the months according to the Hebrew calendar are : Nis- 
 san, Iyar, Sivan, Tamuz, Ab. Ellul, Tishri, Heshvan, Kislev, Tebeth, 
 Shebat, Adar, and in leap-year Adar Sheni or Second Adar. 
 
72 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 high-priest) make an atonement for you to cleanse you: from all 
 your sins before the Lord shall ye be clean. (Leviticus xvi. 29, 30. ) 
 
 9. No manner of work shall ye do ; it shall be a statute forever 
 throughout your generations, in all your dwellings a Sabbath of rest 
 it shall be unto you, and ye shall afflict yourselves : on the ninth day 
 of the month at evening (shall ye begin), from evening unto evening 
 shall ye celebrate your Sabbath. (Leviticus xxiii. 31, 32.) 
 
 10. The feast of tabernacles shalt thou hold for thyself seven days, 
 when thou hast gathered in the produce of thy threshing floor and of 
 thy wine press. And thou shalt rejoice on thy feast, thou, and thy 
 son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy maid-servant 
 and the Levite, and the stranger, and the fatherless and the widow 
 that are within thy gates. Seven days shalt thou keep a solemn feast 
 unto the Lord thy God in the place which the Lord will choose ; be- 
 cause the Lord thy God will bless thee in all thy product, and in all 
 the work of thy hands, and thou shalt only rejoice. (Deuteronomy 
 xvi. 13-15) 
 
 1 1. But on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when ye have 
 gathered in the fruit of the land, shall ye keep the feast of the Lord 
 seven days; on the first day shall be a rest, and on the eighth day 
 shall be a rest. And ye shall take unto yourselves en the first day the 
 fruit of the tree hadar, branches of palm trees and the boughs of the 
 myrtle tree, and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the 
 Lord thy God seven days. And ye shall keep it as a feast unto the 
 Lord seven days in the year : it shall be a statute forever throughout 
 your generations; in the seventh month shall ye celebrate it. In 
 booths shall ye dwell seven days ; ail that are Israelites born shall 
 dwell in booths. In order that your generations may know, that I 
 caused the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them 
 forth out of the land of Egypt : I am the Lord thy God. And Moses 
 declared the feasts of the Lord unto the children of Israel. (Leviti- 
 cus xxiii. 39-44. ) 
 
 12. And they beautified the exterior of the temple with golden 
 crowns and with shields, and they built the gate, and they put up the 
 
OUR RELIGIOUS DUTIES. 73 
 
 doors. And all the people rejoiced exceedingly, for God had ended 
 their shame in the midst of the people. And Jehudah and his brothers 
 and all the house of Israel took upon themselves to celebrate (Chan- 
 uka) the days of the dedication of the temple with rejoicing and 
 thanksgiving in its due seasons, for eight days from the fifteenth day 
 of the month of Kislev, from year to year. (Maccabee iv. ) 
 
 13. The Jews confirmed it as a duty, and took upon themselves, 
 and upon their seed, and upon all such as join themselves unto them, 
 so that no one should fail therein that they would celebrate these two 
 days according to their prescription and at their appointed time in 
 each and every year. And these days are remembered and cele- 
 brated throughout each and every generation, eveiy family, every 
 province and every city; and these days of Purim will not pass away 
 from the midst of the Jews, nor will their memorial cease from their 
 seed. To confirm these days of Purim in their times, just as Morde- 
 cai the Jew and Esther the Queen had enjoined on them, and as 
 they had confirmed for themselves and for their seed the matters of 
 the fasting and their prayers. (Esther ix. 27, 28, 31.) 
 
 14. Therefore do the Jews make the fourteenth day of the month 
 of Adar as one of joy and entertainment and a feast-day and of send- 
 ing gifts one to another. (Esther ix. 9. ) 
 
E.— MAN AND HIS MISSION. 
 
 L— MAN IS THE NOBLEST OF GOD'S WORKS. 
 
 Great are the wonders with which God has surrounded us, every- 
 where they unroll themselves before us in awe-inspiring splendor. 
 There is no mineral, no plant, no fish in the water, no animal on 
 earth, no bird nor insect in the air, in which God's power, wisdom 
 and loving kindness are not displayed. But the greatest wonder of all 
 creation is man. With us and in us creation has reached its loftiest 
 point. Man through his reason, which raises him above the lower 
 animals, through his faculty to distinguish the right from the wrong, 
 and through his power to realize the lofty mission for which all these 
 great gifts have been bestowed upon him, has become godlike. 
 
 " Let each man think himself an art of God, 
 His mind a thought, his life a breath of God." — Baily. 
 
 " An honest man is the noblest work of God." — Pope. 
 
 " What a piece of work is man, how noble in reason ! how infinite in 
 faculty ! in form and moving how admirable ! in action how like an angel ! 
 in apprehension how like a God !" — Shakespeare. 
 
 " Every one is in a small way the image of God." — Lucretius. 
 
 i. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our 
 likeness ; and they shall have dominion over the fish of the sea, and 
 over the fowl of the heaven, and over the cattle, and over all the 
 earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. 
 And God created man in his image, in the image of God created he 
 him : male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and 
 God said unto them, Be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth ancj 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 75 
 
 subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the 
 fowl of the heaven, and over every living thing that moveth upon 
 the earth. (Genesis i, 26-28.) 
 
 2. Blessed are ye of the Lord, who made heaven and earth. 
 The heavens are the heavens of the Lord ; but the earth has he given 
 to the children of men. (Psalms cxv. 15, 16.) 
 
 3. When I behold thy heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon 
 and the stars which thou hast established : — What is mortal, that thou 
 rememberest him ? and the son of man that thou thinkest of him ? 
 Yet thou hast made him but a little less than angels, and hast crowned 
 him with honor and glory. Thou hast given him dominion over the 
 works of thy hands; everything hast thou placed beneath his feet ; 
 flocks and herds altogether, and also the beasts of the field; the birds 
 of heaven and the fishes of the sea, whatsoever paFseth through the 
 paths of the sea. O Eternal One our Lord ! how excellent is thy 
 name on all the earth. (Psalms viii. 4--10.) 
 
 4. Lord, what is man, that -thou takest cognizance of him! the 
 son of a mortal that thou regardest him ! (Psalms cxliv. 3. ) 
 
 5. Lo ! this only did I find, that God hath made man upright. 
 (Ecclesiastes vii. 29.) 
 
 6. All my bones will say, "Lord! who is like unto thee?'' 
 (Psalms xxxv. 10.) 
 
 7. I will thank thee, therefore, that I am (so) fearfully (and) 
 wonderfully made: wonderful are thy works; and that my soul 
 knoweth right well. (Psalms cxxxix. 14.) 
 
 8. And the Lord God formed man of dust from the ground, and 
 breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a 
 living being. (Genesis ii. 7.) 
 
 9. The spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Al- 
 mighty giveth me life. (Job xxxiii. 4. ) 
 
 10. The Lord who stretcheth forth the heavens, and layeth the 
 foundation of the earth, and formeth the spirit of man within him. 
 (Zechariah xii. 1.) 
 
76 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 ii. And thy good spirit thou gavest to make him intelligent. 
 (Nehemiah ix. 20. ) 
 
 12. Who hath given a mouth to man? or who maketh him dumb 
 or deaf, or seeing or blind? is it not I the Lord? (Exodus iv. 11.) 
 
 13. The spirit of the Lord spoke through me and his word was 
 upon my tongue. (II. Samuel xxiii. 2.) 
 
 II.— MAN HAS FREE WILL AND CONSCIENCE. 
 
 By giving a man freedom and liberty to act according to the best 
 of his knowledge, we show him thereby a special distinction and 
 favor. 
 
 However, we can only safely grant such permission to the best and 
 most learned. In this we merely follow the loving example which 
 our Heavenly Father has set us. The highest and best with which 
 he has crowned creation is man, and to show his loving kindness for 
 man, he has given him a free will and the knowledge how to act 
 that we may find favor in the eyes of man and before our God. This 
 sublime gift would have been sufficient to thank our Father night and 
 day, but God gave us still more. That by which we know whether 
 we do not abuse this great gift, and this the greatest of all benefits 
 with which God has blest us is " Conscience." It is the still small 
 voice within us that is ever awake, is ever a witness to all our deeds. 
 It applauds us when our deeds are good, true and beautiful, but it 
 rebukes in a loud and terrible voice when we do what is displeasing 
 to God and man. 
 
 " A good conscience is to the soul what health is to the body ; it preserves 
 a constant ease and serenity within us, and more than countervails all the 
 calamities and afflictions which can possibly befall us." — Addison. 
 " Thou mayect conceal thy sin by cunning art, 
 But conscience sits U witness in the heart, 
 Which will disturb thy peace, thy rest undo, 
 For that is witness, judge and prison, too.'* 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 77 
 
 i. And the Lord God said, Behold, the man is become as one 
 of us, to know good and evil. (Genesis iii. 22.) 
 
 2. See, I have set before thee this day life and the good, death 
 and the evil. (Deuteronomy xxx. 15.) 
 
 3. I call heaven and earth as witnesses against you this day that 
 I have set before you life and death, the blessing and the curse: 
 therefore choose thou life in order that thou mayest live, both thou 
 and thy seed. (Deuteronomy xxx. 19.) 
 
 4. If thou dost well shalt thou not be accepted ? and if thou dost 
 not well, sin lieth at the door ; and unto thee is its desire, but thou 
 canst rule over it. (Genesis iv. 7.) 
 
 5. Seek for the good, and not the evil, in order that ye may live; 
 and so will the Lord, the God of hosts, be with you, as ye have said. 
 Hate the evil, and love the good, and establish justice firmly in the 
 gate. (Amos v. 14, 15.) 
 
 6. One that is slow to anger is better than a hero, and he that 
 ^•uleth his spirit, than the conqueror of a city. (Proverbs xvi. 32.) 
 
 7. Like a city that is broken in and is without walls, so is the 
 man that hath no control over his spirit. (Proverbs xxv. 28.) 
 
 8. Woe unto those that say of the evil it is good, and of the good 
 it is evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put 
 bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter ! (Isaiah v. 20.) 
 
 9. Be ye not like the horse, or like the mule, who hath no under- 
 standing, who must be held in with bit and bridle, his ornament, lest 
 he come near unto thee. (Psalms xxxii. 9.) 
 
 10. Man, though in splendor, who understandeth not, is like the 
 beasts that perish. (Psalms xlix. 21. ) 
 
 1 1. Happy is the man that always dreadeth (to do evil) ; but he 
 that hardeneth his heart vvll fall into unhappiness. (Proverbs 
 xxviii. 14.) 
 
 12. The way of the wicked is like darkness; they know not 
 against whom they stumble. ( Proverbs i v. 19.) 
 
 13. O that thou hadst but listened to my commandments ! then 
 
78 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 would have been as a river thy peace and thy prosperity as the waves 
 of the sea. (Isaiah xlviii. 18.) 
 
 14. Light is sown for the righteous, and joy for the upright in 
 heart. (Psalms xcvii. n.) 
 
 15. Say ye to the righteous that he hath done well : for the fruit 
 of their doings shall they eat. Woe unto the wicked that doeth evil : 
 for. the recompense of his hands shall be bestowed on him. (Isaiah 
 iii. to, 11.) 
 
 16. The righteousness of the perfect maketh even his way; but by 
 his own wickedness will the wicked fall. (Proverbs xi. 5.) 
 
 17. He that walketh uprightly, ever walketh securely: but he 
 that perverteth his ways will be punished. (Proverbs x. 9. ) 
 
 18. Perverse is the way of the man that is estranged (from good- 
 ness) ; but as for the pure his work is upright. (Proverbs, xxi. 8.) 
 
 19. If I be wicked, woe unto me. (Job x. 15.) 
 
 20. But the wicked are like the troubled sea: for it can never fye 
 at rest, but the waters cast up mire and dirt. There is no peace, 
 saith my God, to the wicked. (Isaiah lvii. 20, 21.) 
 
 21. There is no peace, saith the Lord, unto the wicked. • (Isaiah 
 xlviii. 22. ) 
 
 22. In my heart have I treasured up thy saying, in order that I 
 may not sin against thee. (Psalms cxix. 11.) 
 
 23. In everlasting remembrance shall the righteous be held. Of 
 an evil report shall he not be afraid ; his heart is firm, trusting in the 
 Lord. (Psalms cxii. 6, 7.) 
 
 24. Abundant peace have they who love thy law : and there is 
 nothing that causeth them to stumble. (Psalms cxix. 165.) 
 
 III.— THE SOUL OF MAN IS IMMORTAL. 
 
 Men live the number of years allotted to them and then they die. 
 But this is not the end. Our souls live on. This truth God has re- 
 vealed to us by his voice within us, by the works of nature about us, 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 79 
 
 by the higher hopes and aspirations which he has implanted in our 
 hearts and to realize which fully this life is too short. 
 
 " Oh ! the souls of those that die 
 Are but sunbeams lifted higher."— Longfellow. 
 
 " What'er of earth is formed to earth returns, 
 T:ie soul of man alone, that particle divine, 
 Escapes the wreck of worlds when all things fail !" 
 
 — Somerville. 
 
 " God being all- wise would not destroy the intellect he created, being 
 all-good he would not disappoint the highest hope with which he impresses 
 us ; and being all -just he could not have commanded man only to subordi- 
 nate his carnal inclinations to his spiritual welfare, if the soul were not des- 
 tined to everlasting life." — /. M. Wise. 
 
 i. When the dust will return to the earth as it was, and the spirit 
 will return unto God who gave it. (Ecclesiates xii. 7.) 
 
 2. Yet will the soul of my Lord be bound in the bond of life 
 with the Lord thy God. (I. Samuel xxv. 29.) 
 
 3. But God will redeem my soul from the power of the nether 
 world; for he will take me away. Selah. (Psalms xlix. 16.) 
 
 4. Therefore is rejoiced my heart, and my spirit is glad : also my 
 flesh shall rest in safety. For thou wilt not abandon my soul to the 
 grave : thou wilt not suffer thy pious (servant) to see corruption. 
 Thou wilt let me know the path of life ; fulness of joy is in thy 
 presence: pleasures are at thy right hand for evermore. (Psalms 
 xvi. 9-1 1. ) 
 
 .5 Return, O my soul, unto thy rest; for the Lord hath dealt 
 bountifully with thee. For thou hast delivered my soul from death, 
 mine eyes from tears, my feet from falling. I will walk before the 
 Lord in the lands of life. (Psalms cxvi. 7-9. ) 
 
 6. When a wicked man dieth (his) hope vanisheth; and the ex- 
 pectation of (his) children is lost. (Proverbs xi. 7.) 
 
 7. For surely there is a future, and thy hope will not be cut off. 
 (Proverbs xxiii. 18.) 
 
80 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 IV.— IT IS MAN'S MISSION TO TRY AND PERFECT HIS 
 MORAL, MENTAL AND PHYSICAL NATURES. 
 
 By our moral, mental and physical natures, we are distinguished 
 from all other creatures. These qualities when they reach perfection 
 in man make him godlike, lead him to happiness and to the realiza- 
 tion of that divine mission for which he has been put on earth. To 
 be gifted with the highest powers in creation and then basely abuse 
 them is degrading, is lowering ourselves to the level of the brutes. 
 
 It is our sacred duty, therefore, to labor and strive in all our en- 
 terprises to reach the ideal of moral, mental and physical perfection, 
 for our own good as well as for the good of all mankind. 
 
 " Every man is bound to consecrate his every faculty to its fulfillment." — 
 Mazzini. 
 
 "Man was born for two things— thinking and acting." — Cicero. 
 
 1 ' The consciousness of having developed our moral and intellectual capac- 
 ities according to the will of God, and elevated ourselves to a higher order 
 of spirits, is of itself a gracious reward, when egotism and carnal passions 
 have vanished. And the consciousness of being one of the lower order of 
 spirits by our own errors and sins is a mortifying punishment." — Isaac M. 
 Wise. 
 
 i. The path of life (leadeth) upward for the intelligent, in order 
 that he may avoid the nether world beneath. (Proverbs xv. 24.) 
 
 2. The highway of the upright is to depart from evil; he pre- 
 servethhis soul that watcheth his way. (Proverbs xvi. 17.) 
 
 3. But the path of the righteous is as the early morning light that 
 shineth more and more brightly until the height of noon-day. (Prov- 
 erbs iv. 18.) 
 
 4 On the path of righteousness there is life ; and on her pathway 
 there is immortality. (Proverbs xii. 28 ) 
 
 5 Hear counsel and accept correction, in order that thou mayest 
 be wise in thy latter end. (Proverbs xix. 20. ) 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 8l 
 
 6. Happy is the man that hath round wisdom, and the man that 
 acquireth understanding. Foi the obtaining of her is better than the 
 obtaining of silver, and better than fine gold is her product. She is 
 more precious than pearls ; and all the things thou valuest are not 
 equal unto her. Length of days is in her right hand ; in her left are 
 riches and honor. Her ways are ways of pleasantness and all her 
 paths are peace. A tree of life is she to those that lay hold on her ; 
 and every one that firmly graspeth her will be made happy. (Prov- 
 erbs iii. 13-18.) 
 
 7. Then wilt thou understand righteousness, and justice, and 
 equity; yea, every track of goodness. For wisdom will enter thy 
 heart, and knowledge will be pleasant unto thy soul. (Proverbs 
 ii. 9, 10.) 
 
 8 He that reflecteth on a matter wisely will find happiness; and 
 whoso trusteth in the Ford — happiness attend him ! (Proverbs 
 xvi. 20.) 
 
 9. The desire ot the righteous is only good ; but the hope of the 
 wicked is the wrath (of God). (Proverbs xi. 23.) 
 
 10. He that diligently searcheth after good seeketh favor ; but if 
 one inquire after evil, it will come unto him. (Proverbs xi. 27.) 
 
 11. Of all perfection have I seen the end; (but) thy command- 
 ment is exceedingly extended. O how do I love thy law S all the 
 day is it my meditation. (Psalms cxix. 96, 97.) 
 
 12. From every evil path have I withholden my feet, in order 
 that I might observe thy word. From thy ordinance have I not de- 
 parted ; for thou hast instructed me. How much sweeter are to my 
 palate thy sayings than honey to my mouth. Through thy precepts 
 shall I obtain understanding ; therefore do I hate every path of false- 
 hood. A lamp unto my feet is thy word and a light unto my path. 
 (Psalms cxix. 101-105.) 
 
82 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 V.— IT IS THE DUTY OF EVERY ONE OF US TO SO ACT 
 THAT HIS ACTIONS SHALL SERVE AS A MODEL TO 
 OTHERS. 
 
 In all our actions and undertakings one question ought ever be be- 
 fore us, viz : Would I approve this act or undertaking if others were 
 to engage upon it, or do it to me or to those near and dear to me ? 
 Much pain, much sorrow, many a sleepless, painful night would not 
 have been endured had we but put this question to ourselves when we 
 were about to do something that was not for our benefit nor for that of 
 our fellow-men. Most moral teaching is done by the example which 
 we have before us. As our parents and superiors act, we are apt to 
 act, and as we act those whom we serve as an example will act. If 
 our example is good our reward is double ; we benefit ourselves and 
 a large number of others besides. If our example is bad our guilt is 
 great, for the seeds of corruption which we thus scatter grow and 
 grow till they bring endless pain and grief and unpardonable sin. 
 
 i. Now, therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed and keep my 
 covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all peo- 
 ple, for all the earth is mine. And ye shall be unto me a kingdom 
 of priests and a holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt 
 speak unto the children of Israel. (Exodus xix. 5, 6.) 
 
 2. Ye shall be named the priests of the Lord, men shall call you 
 the ministers of our God. (Isaiah lxi. 6.) 
 
 3. Remember these, O Jacob and Israel ; for thou art my serv- 
 ants; O Israel, thou shalt not be forgotten of me. (Isaiah xliv. 21.) 
 
 4. Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect, in whom my 
 soul delighteth, I have put my spirit upon him, he shall bring forth 
 judgment to the Gentiles. (Isaiah xlii. 1.) 
 
 5. This people have I formed for myself; they shall show forth my 
 praise. (Isaiah xliii. 21.) 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 83 
 
 6. In Judah God is known; his name is great in Israel. (Psalms 
 lxxvi. 2.) 
 
 7. Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and 
 say unto them : Ye shall be holy, for I, the Lord your God, am 
 holy. (Leviticus xix. 2.) 
 
 8. Holy men shall ye be unto me (Exodus xxii. 30.) 
 
 9. Ye shall be holy unto me, for I, the Lord, am holy, and have 
 separated you from other people that ye should be mine. (Leviticus 
 xx. 26.) 
 
 10. And they shall call them the holy people, the redeemed of 
 the Lord. (Isaiah xlii. 12.) 
 
 11. A holy people art thou unto the Lord thy God, and the Lord 
 hath chosen thee to be a peculiar people unto himself, above all 
 the nations that are upon the earth. (Deuteronomy xiv. 2. ) 
 
 12. The Lord did not set his love upon you nor choose you be- 
 cause you were more in number than any people, for ye were the 
 fewest of all people. But because the Lord loved you and because 
 he would keep the oath which he had sworn unto your fathers- 
 Deuteronomy vii. 6-8. ) 
 
 13. You only have I known of all the families of the earth. 
 (Amos iii. 2.) 
 
 14. Keep, therefore, (my statutes) and do them, for this is your 
 wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations, which 
 shall hear all these statutes and say : Surely this great nation is a wise 
 and understanding people. And what nation is there so great that 
 have" statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law which I set 
 before you this day ? (Deuteronomy iv. 6-8. ) 
 
 15. The knowledge of the holy is understanding. (Proverbs 
 ix. 10.) 
 
 VI.— IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO PRESERVE AND LIVE 
 UP TO OUR INHERITED FAITH. 
 
 Our religion has civilized and enlightened men, and they by their 
 cultivating the divine lessons which it teaches, have acquired knowl- 
 
84 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 edge and understanding whereby they have brought into existence 
 all those blessings of civilization which surround us. All this our 
 ancestors have secured for us, not infrequently at great sacrifices. 
 Shall we merely reap the hard-earned benefits of their labors ? Shall 
 we remain inactive, do nothing for the cause of religion ? Just as 
 soon as we desist from learning and teaching our religion and practic- 
 ing its sublime lessons, so soon do we fall back into ignorance, into 
 that state of barbarism, a mere description of which fills us with hor- 
 ror. We owe it to those who are to come after us to take proper 
 care of that sacred treasure, our holy religion, which God and our 
 forefathers have bequeathed unto us. 
 
 i. Moses commanded us a law, even the inheritance of the con- 
 gregation of Jacob! (Deuteronomy xxxiii. 4.) 
 
 2. He established a testimony in Jacob and appointed a law in 
 Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them 
 known to their children; that the generation to come might know 
 them, even the children which should be born who should arise and 
 declare them to their children. (Psalms lxxviii. 5, 6.) 
 
 3. Neither with you only do I make this covenant and this oath, 
 but with him that standeth here with us this day before the Lord our 
 God, and also with him that is not here with us this day. (Deu- 
 teronomy xxix. 13, 14 ) 
 
 4. Be of good courage and let us be valiant for our people and 
 for the cities of our God, and the Lord do that which is good in his 
 sight (I. Chronicles xix. 13.) 
 
 5. The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup, 
 thou maintainest my lot. The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant 
 places, yea, I have a goodly heritage. I will bless the Lord, who 
 hath given me counsel. (Psalms xvi. 5-7.) 
 
 6. Thus saith the Lord, Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, 
 neither let the mighty man glory in his might, let not the rich man 
 
MAX ANJD HIS MISSION. 85 
 
 glory in his riches; but let him that glorieth glory in this, that he un- 
 derstandeth and knoweth me that I am the Lord which exercise 
 loving kindness, judgment and righteousness in the earth, for in 
 these things I delight, saith the Lord. (Jeremiah ix. 22, 23.) 
 
 7. Know thou the God of thy father and serve him with a perfect 
 heart and with a willing mind, for the Lord searcheth all hearts, and 
 understandeth all the imaginations of the thoughts. (I. Chronicles 
 xxviii. 9. ) 
 
 8. We shall know, if we follow on to know the Lord, his going 
 forth is prepared as the morning, and he shall come unto us as the 
 rain. (Hosea vi. 3. ) 
 
 9. For I desired mercy and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of 
 God more than burnt-offerings. (Hosea vi. 6 ) 
 
 10. The grass withereth, the flower fadeth, but the word of our 
 God shall stand forever. (Isaiah xl. 8.) 
 
 11. The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul, the 
 testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple. The statutes 
 of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart. The commandment of the 
 Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes. The fear of the Lord is clean, 
 enduring forever. The judgments of the Lord are true and righteous 
 altogether. More to be desired are they than gold, yea, than much 
 fine gold, sweeter also than honey and the honey-comb. (Psalms 
 xix. 8-1 1.) 
 
 12. Unless the law had been my delights, I should then have 
 perished in mine affliction. I will never forget thy precepts, for with 
 them thou hast quickened me. (Psalms cxix 92,93.) 
 
 13. The law of thy mouth is better unto me than thousands of 
 gold and silver. (Psalms cxix. 72.) 
 
 VII.— IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO KEEP FROM SINNING 
 AND TO REPENT OF OUR EVIL DOINGS. 
 
 However young, however limited our experiences are, we can not 
 fail to make one observation, namely, sin has never yet brought good. 
 
86 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 It almost always leads to deserved punishment, and when the wrong- 
 doer does sometimes escape from being detected, his conscience 
 has given him more pain than any punishment could have done. 
 Why,, then, should we continue to sin, when it brings us and others 
 no good but endless evil ? Yet man's moral nature is sometimes 
 weak. Often we are led to sin, even against our will. The evil has 
 been done, but much of its pain can be allayed by sincere repentance. 
 By it God and our wronged neighbors become again reconciled to us. 
 Moreover sincere repentance will guard us from committing in the 
 future a similar wrong. 
 
 " Who after his transgression doth repent 
 Is half or altogether innocent. ' ' — Herrick. 
 
 11 Angels for the good man's sin 
 Weep to record and blush to give in." — Campbell. 
 
 "I could not live in peace if I put the shadow of a woful sin between 
 myself and God." — George Eliot. 
 
 11 Great sins make great sufferers." — A. K. Green. 
 
 Prove the truth of the above by the following or other stories in the 
 Bible: Examples : I. Samuel vii. ; I. Kings xxi. ; Nehemiah ix. ; 
 Job xxii. 
 
 i . Who can say I have made my heart clean, I am pure from my 
 sin? (Proverbs xx. 9.) 
 
 2. For there is not a just man upon earth that doeth good and 
 sinneth not. (Ecclesiastes vii. 20.) 
 
 3. There is no rest in my bones because of my sin, for mine ini- 
 quities are gone over my head, as a heavy burden they are too 
 heavy for me. (Psalms xxxviii. 4, 5.) 
 
 4. My God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to thee, 
 my God, for our iniquities are increased over our heads, and our tres- 
 pass is grown up unto the heavens. ( Ezra ix. 6. ) 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 87 
 
 5. One sinner destroyeth much good. (Ecclesiastes ix. 18. ) 
 
 6. Evil pursueth sinners, but to the righteous good shall be re- 
 paid. (Proverbs xiii. 21.) 
 
 7. For the Lord knoweth the way of the righteous, but the way 
 of the ungodly shall perish. (Psalms i. 6.) 
 
 8. If thou, Lord, shouldst mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall 
 stand? (Psalms cxxx. 3.) 
 
 9. Teach us to number our days, that we may apply our hearts 
 unto wisdom. (Psalms xc. 12.) 
 
 10. As I live, saith the Lord God, I have no pleasure in the death 
 of the wicked: but that the wicked turn irom his way and live. 
 (Ezekiel xxxiii. 11.) 
 
 11. Cast away from you all your transgressions, whereby ye have 
 transgressed, and make yourselves a new heart and a new spirit, ior 
 why will ye die, O house of Israel ? For I have no pleasure in the 
 death of him that dieth, saith the Lord God, wherefore turn and live 
 ye. (Ezekiel xviii. 31, 32.) 
 
 12. Return, thou backsliding Israel, saith the Lord, and I will not 
 cause mine anger to fall upon you, for I am merciful, saith the Lord, 
 and I will not keep anger forever. (Jeremiah iii. 12.) 
 
 13. Return ye, backsliding children, and I will heal your back- 
 sliding. Behold we come unto thee, for thou art the Lord our God- 
 (Jeremiah iii. 22.) 
 
 14. Turn ye to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with 
 weeping, and with mourning; and rend your heart and not your 
 garment, and turn unto the Lord your God, for he is gracious and 
 merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repenteth him of 
 the evil. (Joel ii. 12, 13.) 
 
 15. He that covereth his sins shall not prosper; but whoso con- 
 fessed and forsaketh them shall have mercy. (Proverbs xxviii. 13.) 
 
 16. Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his 
 thoughts ; and let him return unto the Lord and he will have mercy 
 upon him, and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon. (Isaiah 
 lv. 7) 
 
S8 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 17. Behold the Lord's hand is not shortened, that it can not save; 
 neither his ear heavy, that it can not hear. But your iniquities have 
 separated between you and your God, and your sins have hid his face 
 from you, that he will not hear. (Isaiah lix. 1, 2.) 
 
 VIII. —THE GOOD ARE REWARDED, THE BAD ARE 
 
 PUNISHED. . 
 
 The conviction that the good will be rewarded and the bad will be 
 punished is deeply rooted within us. The sense of right and justice 
 which God has implanted in our hearts and minds, and our knowl- 
 edge of God as a just and a righteous judge, confirm this conviction. 
 Furthermore, along with this conviction goes our firm confidence in 
 the truth of the promise of a future life, which our religion teaches. 
 What this future life is we do not know. Our religion teaches that 
 all good and moral men, no matter what their religion, will share the 
 blessings of the life to come. Judgment comes. Those who have 
 escaped their merited punishment, or have been deprived of their due 
 rewards in this life, must be dealt with in the life that is to come ac- 
 cording to their guilt or merits. 
 
 " Disbelief in futurity lessens in a great measure the ties of morality, and 
 may be supposed for that reason to be pernicious to civil society." — flame. 
 
 Show the truth of the above from the following or other stones of 
 the Bible: Examples: Job v., viii., ix., xv. , xxiv. ; Isaiah ii. 
 
 1. Therefore hearken unto me, ye men of understanding, far be 
 it from God that he should do wickedness; and from the Almighty 
 that he should commit iniquity. For the work of a man shall he 
 render unto him, and cause every man to find according to his ways. 
 Yea, surely God will not do wickedly, neither will the Almighty per- 
 vert judgment. (Job xxxiv. 10-12.) 
 
 2. P'or God shall bring every work into judgment, with every 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 3'. 
 
 secret thing, whether it be good or whether it be evil. (Ecclesiastes 
 xii. 14. ) 
 
 3. Rejoice, O young man, in thy youth; and let thy heart cheer 
 thee in the days of thy youth, and walk in the ways of thy heart, 
 and in the sight of thine eyes; but know thou that for all these things- 
 God will bring thee unto judgment. (Ecclesiastes xi. 9.) 
 
 4. Behold the righteous shall be recompensed on the earth, how 
 much more the wicked and the sinner. (Proverbs xi. 31.) 
 
 5. Unto thee, O Lord, belongeth mercy, for thou rendereth to- 
 every man according to his work. (Psalms lxii. 13.) 
 
 6. The curse of the Lord is in the house of the wicked, but he 
 blesseth the habitation of the just. (Proverbs iii. ^^.) 
 
 7. Then shall ye return and discern between the righteous and the 
 wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not. 
 For, behold, the day cometh that shall burn as an oven ; and all the 
 proud, yea, and 'all that do wickedly shall be stubble: and the 
 day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the Lord of hosts, that it 
 shall leave them neither root nor branch. But unto you that fear my 
 name shall the sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings. 
 (Malachi iii. 18-21.) 
 
 8. He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity, and the rod of his- 
 anger shall fade. (Proverbs xxii. 8.) 
 
 9. They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. He that goeth forth 
 and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come again with; 
 rejoicing, bring in his sheaves with him. (Psalms cxxvi. 5, 6.) 
 
 10. The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree, he shall grow 
 like a cedar in Lebanon. Those that be planted in the house of 
 the Lord shall flourish in the courts of our God. To show that the 
 Lord is upright, he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in 
 him. (Psalms xcii. 13, 14, 16.) 
 
 11. As for me, I will behold thy face in righteousness, I shall be 
 satisfied, when I awake, with thy likeness. (Psalms xvii. 15.) 
 
90 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 IX.— IT IS OUR SACRED DUTY TO OBEY AND TEACH THE 
 WILL OF GOD WHICH WAS REVEALED TO ISRAEL. 
 
 When Moses gave the Law to our ancestors, with one voice they 
 answered: "We will obey it and ever guard it." They have ad 
 hered to this noble promise for thousands of years. There were times 
 when they became faithless, but soon, when misfortune opened their 
 eyes, they gladly returned again to their religion, for only in faithful 
 adherence to it could they find true happiness. So convinced were 
 they of its sublime truths that they would rather suffer hatred, hard- 
 ships, persecution and death than forsake it. God has created man 
 to be happy, and to become morally perfect, and to this end he has 
 revealed to us his divine law. If we wish to realize the blessings 
 which God holds forth to us, then we must never forget the truths nor 
 cease to practice the virtues nor fail to teach the lessons of our holy ] 
 religion. There is no law like unto his, no law to take its place. 
 
 " Undoubtedly the revealed law is infinitely more authentic than that 
 moral system which is framed by ethical writers, and denominated the nat- 
 ural law ; because one is the law of Nature, expressly declared so to be by 
 God himself, the other is only what by the assistance of human reason, we 
 imagine to be that law. If we could be as certain of the latter as of the 
 former, both would have an equal authority, but until then they can never 
 be put in competition together." — Blackstone. 
 
 i. Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I com- 
 manded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judg- 
 ments. (Malachiiii. 22.) 
 
 2. He showeth his word unto Jacob, his statutes and his judgments 
 unto Israel. (Psalms cxlvii. 19. ) 
 
 3. And God spake all these words, saying : 
 
 I. I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of 
 Egypt, out of the house of bondage. 
 
 II. Thou shalt have no other gods before me. Thou shalt not 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 9 1 
 
 make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything 
 that is in the heaven, above or that is in the earth beneath, or 
 that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down to 
 them, nor serve them, for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visit- 
 ing the iniquities of the fathers upon the children unto the third and 
 fourth generations of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto the 
 thousandth generation of them that love me and keep my command- 
 ments. 
 
 III. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain, 
 for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 
 
 IV. Remember the Sabbath-day to keep it holy. Six days shalt 
 thou labor and do all thy work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath- 
 day of the Lord thy God; on it thou shalt not do any work, thou nor 
 thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, 
 nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates. For in six 
 days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them, 
 and rested on the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sab- 
 bath-day and hallowed it. 
 
 V. Honor thy father and thy mother that thy days may be long 
 upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. 
 
 VI. Thou shalt not kill. 
 
 VII. Thou shalt not commit lewdness. 
 
 VIII. Thou shalt not steal. 
 
 IX. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. 
 
 X. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not 
 covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant nor his maid-servant, 
 nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's. (Exodus 
 xx. 1-16.) 
 
 4. Behold, the Lord our God hath shown us his glory and his 
 greatness, and we have heard his voice out of the midst of the fire, 
 we have seen this day that God doth talk with man, and he liveth. 
 Go thou near, and hear all that the Lord our God shall say, and 
 speak thou unto us all that the Lord our God shall speak unto thee; and 
 we will hear it and do it, and the Lord heard the voice of your 
 
92 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 words, when ye spake unto me ; and the Lord said unto me, I have 
 heard the voice of the words of this people, which they have spoken 
 unto thee, they have well said all they have spoken. O that there 
 were such a heart in them, that they would fear me and keep my 
 commandments always that it might be well with them, and with their 
 children forever. (Deuteronomy v. 21, 24, 26.) 
 
 X.— IN ALWAYS FULFILLING THESE DUTIES LIES THE 
 REALIZATION OF THE MISSION OF OUR RELIGION. 
 
 The mission of our religion is to make us realize all the benefits 
 with which God has blessed us It bids us to strive with all the 
 powers which he has endowed us to bring on that glorious time when 
 all men will live together in unity and peace, when all men will unite 
 in worshiping only the one holy God, and when the spirit of enlighten- 
 ment will reign supreme. The realization of this lofty mission lies 
 in our own hands. If we live up to the teachings of our religion, and 
 by examples and words show others the necessity and the benefits of 
 leading a pure and holy life, it will not be long before the common 
 fatherhood of God and the common brotherhood of men will be ac- 
 knowledged as the guiding principle of men in the actions of all in- 
 telligent beings. 
 
 "It is not Israel's political restoration, the re-establishment or the com- 
 ing of a redeeming Messiah, which the Bible promises or predicts. It is a 
 final and universal triumph of truth, righteousness, liberty and justice to 
 which the prophets point. Every person contributing to the achievement 
 of this great purpose is a Messiah and a messenger of the Most High. The 
 habitable world must become one holy land, every city a Jerusalem, every 
 house a temple, every table an altar, every person a priest of the -Most 
 High. This is the kingdom of God, the hope of mankind, our mission." — 
 I. M. Wise. 
 
 1. Then will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be 
 
MAN AND HIS MISSION. 93 
 
 clean from all your impurities, and from all your idols will I cleanse 
 you. A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put 
 within you, and I will take away the heart of stone out of your flesh, 
 and I will give you a heart of flesh. (Ezekiel xxxv. 25, 26.) 
 
 2. Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new 
 covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah; not 
 according to the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day 
 that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt ; 
 which my covenant they broke, although I was a husband unto them 
 saith the Lord. But this shall be the covenant that I will make with 
 the house of Israel, after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my 
 law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be 
 their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no 
 more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, 
 Know the Lord, for they shall all know me, from the least of them 
 unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord, for I will forgive their 
 iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more. Thus saith the 
 Lord, who giveth the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of 
 the moon and of the stars for a light by night, which divideth the sea 
 when the waves thereof roar, the Lord of hosts is his name. If these 
 ordinances depart from before me, saith the Lord, then the seed of 
 Israel also shill cease from being a nation before me forever. (Jere- 
 miah xxxi. 31-36.) 
 
 3. As for me this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord; my 
 spirit that is upon thee and my words which I have put in thy mouth 
 shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy chil- 
 dren, nor out of the mouth of thy children's children, from hence- 
 forth unto all eternity, saith the Lord. (Isaiah lix. 21.) 
 
 4. In those days, and at that time, will I cause the branch of 
 righteousness to grow up unto David ; and he shall execute judgment 
 and righteousness in the land. In those days shall Judah be saved, and 
 Jerusalem shall dwell safely, and this is the name wherewith she shall 
 be called, the Lord is our Righteousness. (Jeremiah xxxiii. 15, 16.) 
 
94 BIBLE ETHICS. 
 
 5. But in the last days it shall come to pass that the mountain of 
 the house of the Lord shall be established in the top of the mountains, 
 and it shall be exalted above the hills, and people shall flow unto it. 
 And many nations shall come, and say, Come and let us go up to the 
 mountain of the Lord, and to the house of the God of Jacob, and he 
 will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths, for the Law 
 shall go forth out of Zion, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. 
 And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations 
 afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares and their 
 spears into pruning-hooks; nations shall not lift up sword against 
 nation, neither shall they learn war any more. But they shall sit 
 every man under his vine and under his fig tree, and none shall 
 make them afraid, for the mouth of the Lord of Hosts hath spoken it. 
 (Michah iv. 1-4.) 
 
 6. Arise, shine, for the light is come, and the glory of the Lord is 
 risen upon thee. For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth, 
 and gross darkness the people, but the Lord shall arise upon thee, and 
 his glory shall be seen upon thee. And the Gentiles shall come to 
 thy light and kings to the brightness of thy rising. (Isaiah lx. 1-3.^ 
 
 7. For the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of the glory of 
 the Lord, as the waters cover the sea. (Habakkuk ii. 14.) 
 
 8. For then will I turn to the people a pure language that they 
 may all call upon the name of the Lord, to serve him with one con- 
 sent. (Zephaniah iii. 9.) 
 
 9. All the ends of the world shall remember and turn unto the 
 Lord, and all the kindreds of the nations shall worship before thee. 
 For the kingdom is the Lord's and he is the governor among the na- 
 tions. (Psalms xxii. 28, 29.) 
 
 10. And the Lord shall be king over all the earth, in that day 
 shall there be one Lord, and his name one. (Zechariah xiv. 9.) 
 
 THE END. 
 
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