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 tMu^ <^. &wr,^^ 
 
 Deacon Tddor's Diary, 
 
 OR 
 
 "MEMORANDOMS 
 
 FROM 1709, &C., 
 
 By JOHN TUDOR, 
 TO 1775 & 1778, 1780 AND TO '93." 
 
 A RECORD OF MORE OR LESS IMPORTANT EVENTS 
 
 IN BOSTON, FROM 1732 TO 1793, 
 
 BY AN EYE WITNESS. 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 WILLIAM TUDOR, A. B. 
 
 BOSTON : 
 
 Press of Wallace Spooner. 
 1896. 
 
COPYRIGHT 
 BY WILLIAM TUDOR, 
 1896. 
 
EDITOR'S NOTE. 
 
 This copy of the memorandums of Deacon John Tudor 
 it has been thought worth while to print, since many of the 
 episodes mentioned by the old deacon were seen by him 
 personally, and in many of the stirring events of the time 
 either he, or his son were actively employed. The period 
 of over 60 years, from 1732 to 1793, covered by the mem- 
 orandums was the most eventful in the history of Boston 
 and of the Commonwealth. The long contest with the 
 redskins had ended in the previous century. The Colon- 
 ists had already succeeded in their struggle for existence, 
 and were very prosperous on the whole of the long coast 
 line. The French held, however, the extreme Northern and 
 Southern settlements, and had extended a girdle of strong- 
 holds from Quebec to New Orleans, and along the western 
 fringe of the Colonial border from Maine to Georgia they 
 with their savage allies were a constant menace to the out- 
 lying settlements of the Enghsh. The fall of Louisburg 
 in 1745 was the first important success for the Colonists, 
 but resulted in nothing, and it was not until the fall of 
 Quebec and Montreal 15 years later that the French were 
 finally reduced to their Louisiana possessions. The period 
 from 1730 to 1760 was on the whole quiet and uneventful 
 for the English Colonies. They had advanced rapidly in 
 wealth and population during the first sixty years of the 
 century. The immigration of the English had been rapid, 
 commerce had taken great strides, and the coast towns had 
 especially grown. While authorities differ widely as to the 
 number of people in Boston at given periods there seems 
 
 Ml6S^31G 
 
little doubt that at the end of the seventeenth century 
 there were no more than 7,000 inhabitants. It appears 
 probable that these had increased to nearly 25,000 in 1760 
 and that the town was then not only the most populous in 
 the colonies, but with the exception of London was the 
 largest and most prosperous English town. The Colonies 
 had, up to this period, been left much to themselves, the 
 English being occupied with their Continental wars and 
 with the exception of a constant petty struggle between 
 the Colonial legislators and the Royal Governors, no other 
 interference with the liberty of the Colonies was attempted. 
 With the coronation of George the third, however, in 1760, 
 came a change. This man seems to have forgotten that 
 he was king only by Act of Parliament, that the English 
 were a people who had within less than a century beheaded 
 one king and banished another, and that the American col- 
 onists were in all respects essentially English, with not 
 only all the traditions of their ancestors, but for four or 
 five generations had practically governed themselves. The 
 subserviency of the English to the authority of the Crown 
 had been gradually increasing ever since the overthrow of 
 the Commonwealth. This was possibly due to the steady 
 emigration of the prosperous middle class to America.* 
 The king flattered no doubt by his adherents into the be- 
 lief that the Colonists could be coerced into contributing 
 to the expense of the many English wars, and knowing 
 that he would be supported by a strong party in Parliament, 
 decided upon a Colonial tax without the consent of the 
 local legislatures. This act, which we must consider for- 
 tunate, since it resulted in the birth of a Nation from a 
 union of the scattered Colonies, was not resisted by the 
 
 * The number of inhabitants of the English settlements of North 
 America about 1776-7 has been estimated by different authorities at from 
 one and a half to three millions. 
 
Ill 
 
 whole people. The best estimates are that not over two- 
 thirds, and in many of the Colonies not over half the peo- 
 ple were in sympathy with resistance to the taxes. Amongst 
 those who supported the Crown were the greater portion 
 of the leading merchants and of course all the official class, 
 which then was represented by, or connected with most of 
 the wealthier men of the community. The closing of the 
 Port of Boston, as the Crown's answer to the destruction 
 of the tea, was an act of tyranny that could have no justi- 
 fication. The tea was destroyed by a mob, which had no 
 official support. The leading merchants were probably en- 
 tirely innocent, and they were the ones punished by the Bos- 
 ton Port Bill. No greater act of folly could have been done 
 by the Crown, since it at once united all the disaffected Col- 
 onies, in showing them what each might expect if the taxes 
 were opposed. It seems surprising after this that so few of 
 the leading merchants were in sympathy with the patriot 
 cause, as the commerce was nearly destroyed. The town's 
 population fell off steadily from this time and only recovered 
 slightly after the Evacuation by the British, as some 
 months after there were reckoned but 10,000 people in the 
 place. Nearly twelve hundred Tories went off in the Brit- 
 ish ships and the town can scarcely have contained more 
 than four thousand people after the Evacuation, as Gen. 
 Gage's census of the previous July gave but 6,573 persons 
 outside of the military. 
 
 Up to the end of the war the residents had increased 
 to twelve thousand, but not until the end of the Century 
 had Boston recovered her former population and prosper- 
 ity of the year 1760. No doubt the adherents of the 
 Crown had carried away much of their wealth, and though 
 many of them returned after the war, the town recovered 
 very slowly. 
 
 The reader must picture to himself the small town 
 
IV 
 
 of Boston of 1730, containing ten to twelve thousand 
 people ; the peninsula almost an island at the spring tides 
 and connected with the main land only by the then narrow 
 neck across which Marlboro', now Washington Street me- 
 andered. All around the town were salt marshes ; only a 
 few winding and narrow streets; the great height of Bea- 
 con Hill and the connecting hills, towering above all the 
 houses. There were even then many substantial buildings 
 on King, now State Street. The houses nearly all had 
 gardens and were scattered over a considerable area. Most 
 of the houses were substantial though built of wood. The 
 old town was probably much like Portsmouth, N. H., as it 
 exists to-day, and resembled many of the English seaport 
 towns of that period. The Castle, afterwards Fort Inde- 
 pendence, and now Castle Island, was then far down the 
 harbor. East Boston was Noddle's Island, and South Bos- 
 ton was Dorchester Heights.* 
 
 The following description of the old Deacon left by 
 his grandson may be found interesting : 
 
 " Thus the old man continued his mems until he was 
 upwards of 85 years old and until he arrived at about one 
 year and 5 months of his death. He died on the iS^h of 
 March, 1795, going willingly and wishingly out of this world. 
 He was a man of strong mind and healthful body and 
 remarkable for his integrity. His education was that of a 
 common school. His personal appearance at the time that 
 I can recollect him, when he was above 80 was very fine. 
 Tall and erect, with long curling perfectly white hair and 
 when walking with a broad hat and long cane, he was cal- 
 culated to inspire all the reverence which can attach to an 
 old man, who bears about him in his air and manner the 
 evidence of a life well spent." 
 
 * See Lodge's Iliitoric Towns, Drake's History of Boston, and Winsor's 
 Memorial History of Boston. 
 
The editor has added at the end of the book a list of 
 the births, marriages and deaths of Deacon Tudor and his 
 descendants to the 5th generation. This list is as accu- 
 rate as it was possible to make it in the limited time given 
 to the subject. The copies of portraits of the Deacon ; his 
 son Judge Tudor, and three of his grandsons have also been 
 included, because these things are of interest to the fam- 
 ily. The family coat of arms used in the book was fur- 
 nished some years since by the English Herald's College, 
 and appears to correspond exactly with an old seal recently 
 found amongst the family papers. Regarding the origin of 
 Deacon John Tudor, it is only known that he v/as brought 
 to Boston in 171 5, at about six years of age by his widowed 
 mother, who afterwards married Capt. John Langdon. 
 There was a sister of John Tudor's, named Elizabeth, who 
 married Capt. George Mouat. From the date of her birth 
 May 26th, 1716, it is possible that she was a half sister of 
 John's, and a child by the mother's second marriage. At 
 all events she died without issue Aug. 19, 1765. The 
 mother is recorded as dying in 1763, at 84 years and must 
 have been born in 1679, and was 36 years old when she 
 came to Boston in 171 5. The only further information 
 about John Tudor's origin is the written statement left by 
 him that his father's Christian name was William, and his 
 grandfather's was Thomas. A short sketch of Col. Wil- 
 liam Tudor mentioned several times in the memorandums 
 with letters addressed to him will also be found at end of 
 the volume. 
 
 The editor is indebted to his brother Frederic for the 
 use of the die with Tudor coat of arms and other family 
 records; to Robert H. Gardiner, Esq., for copies of the 
 portraits by Stuart, of Judge Tudor and his son William 
 Tudor, the latter author of the " Life of James Otis," and 
 many other publications, and to L. Vernon Briggs, Esq., 
 
VI 
 
 for much advice and assistance in preparing the Diary for 
 publication. This printed copy is as near as possible an 
 exact reproduction of the original, the spelling and capitals 
 being retained. 
 
 WILLIAM TUDOR. 
 Boston, October, 1895. 
 
1/32 June 15 I was married to Ms Jane Varney. We was Married by 
 
 Dr Timy Cutler in Christ Church' in Boston at 9 
 O'clock forenoon. 
 
 July 17 following went to House keeping, 
 
 Sepr 5 Was an Earth quake. 
 
 This winter 1732 & 3 was Exceeding Cold Weather. The 
 Vessels was frose up in the Harbor. 'Twas froze down 
 to Long Island head. The people went Dayly to ye 
 Castle on ye Ise. 
 The 15th of Feby Was the Coldest Day the Old people ever knew. 
 
 1733 & 4 This Winter was as Moderat as ever I Remember. 
 
 1734 This Summer was Exceeding hot & Sickly. The people 
 died in Numbers of the Fever and Bloodly Flox.' 
 
 1736 April I St I went into the Bakeing Business. 
 
 1737 April 26th I went into my House that I bought of M^ John Burt 
 
 Goldsmith. 
 
 1738 July I St The trucks run over my son Johns side of his Head and 
 
 tore off part of his Scalp so that his Scul was bare 3 
 Inches. 
 May I St I left Doc^ Cuttlers Church & Joyn'd with Messs 
 Welsted & Gray's Churchs in ye Fall. 
 
 Admitted 
 
 1 Christ Church was later called the Old North Church. It was the sec- 
 ond Episcopal church built in Boston. It was from the tower of this 
 church, which still stands on Salem Street near Copps Hill burying ground, 
 that were hung the lanterns giving notice to the patriots in Charlestown of 
 the intended march of the British troops to Lexington. Dr. Timothy Cut- 
 ler, Rector, was born in Charlestown in 1683. Was made Rector of Yale 
 College and embraced Episcopacy in 1722. Was ordained in England, 
 made there a Doctor of Divinity and returned to Boston in 1724. 
 
 2 Probably dysentery. 
 
 3 This Church was called the New Brick Church. It fronts on Han- 
 over Street, on the right side going towards the ferry. It was dedicated 
 May 10, 1 721, and originated from a secession of 24 members of the 
 New North Church who objected to Rev. Mr. Thacher being called from 
 the Weymouth church. 
 
1738 July i6 
 
 Septr 
 
 1738 & 9 
 
 5^!^ April 
 
 6th 
 
 Decemr 24 
 
 1740 & I 
 
 Septemr 
 
 1740 & I 
 
 1740 & I 
 
 Cold 
 
 Winter 
 
 iQti^ March 
 
 5 th of Api 
 1743 June 17 
 
 Octr 21 
 
 Admitted regularly by M^ Welsteed to full Communion. 
 The Rev^l M^ Ellis Gray was Ordain'd Colegue with the 
 Revd Mr Wm Welsted. 
 
 This Winter was Extreem Cold & long. On ye 
 at Night it frose Hard. 
 Snowed Fast and Cold. 
 
 I was chose a Committee man, and so annualy many 
 years. 
 
 About ye Middle of April War was declar'd against 
 Spain. 
 
 The famas Mr Geo. Whitefield came to Boston. Left 
 us Octor 13 following. 
 
 This Winter was the Coldest the Old People ever 
 remember'd. Boston Harbour was Froes up twice. In 
 Febuy was the depest Snow we have had for 25 Years, 
 There was a Tent kept on ye Ice between Boston & the 
 Castle' for entertainement. Horses Cros'd Charlston & 
 Winesimit* Ferrey Daily. Sledes Loded with Wood 
 came from Charleston to Bartons point. 3 The 
 
 the Snow & Ice in some of ye Streets was 3 feet deep 
 and lay in part til ye Middle of April. On the 
 
 at Night frose very hard. 
 
 The Battle fought by his Majesty King George the 
 2d with the French at Dettingen in Germiany. The 
 French army was commanded by Marshal Noialles. 
 Prince Willm Duke of Comberland was with his Father 
 in sd Battle & was Shot in the Legg. 
 The total Eclipse of the Moon began about 9 in ye 
 
 evening 
 
 1 Castle William, afterwards Fort Independence and now Castle Island. 
 
 2 Now Chelsea. 
 
 3 Barton's Point was at the extreme North End of Boston nearest 
 Charlestown between what are now Leverett and Barton Streets. 
 
1743 
 
 1743 Deer 13 
 1743/ 4 March 
 April 9th 
 1744X5 Febuy 
 
 1744 June 2<i 
 
 June 3^ 
 
 evening and ended past one Octo^ 21st. Soon after the 
 Eclipse came on a Terable Storm of Wind with Raine 
 which continued all next Day, the Wind at N. E. The 
 Tide was very high. The greatest damage has been 
 done in Boston that ever was known in the Memory 
 of Man. It would be endless to relate partickulars of 
 ye damage To the Town of Boston ; But the loss of Mer- 
 chants in Sugar Salt Wharfes &c. is thought to Amount 
 to a Hundred thousand pounds Old tenor. 
 The Revd M^ W™ Cooper' died JE^ 50 
 The meeting house^ at Roxbury was Burnt. 
 There was but 2 Ships in Boston Harbor. 
 The large commet that has been Blazing allmost all this 
 Winter has now appear'd in the Day at a Small distance 
 from the Sun. 
 
 War was proclaim'd in Boston against France. 
 In England proclaim'd 29* March.. 
 In France 15th- 
 
 between 10 & 11 O'Clock P. M. a Great Shock of an 
 Earthquake was felt in Boston as it was on the Lord's 
 Day, the people Run into the Streets from the Several 
 Churches in great surprize. 
 
 Porto Bello Taken by Admeral Vernon 22^ Novr last 
 by 6 Ships. 
 
 There was between 60 & 70 ships on both sides Ingaig'd. 
 The Battle fought by Admiral Matthews in the Medi- 
 terranean lasted 3 Days, it began 20 Feby 1743/4 
 From a London Print [of] July 5th 1744 [received] 
 
 Yesterday 
 
 1 Mr. Cooper was born in Boston in 1693. Graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1712. Elected Associate Pastor to Brattle Street Church 1 7 15. 
 Ordained 1716. 
 
 2 This church was built in 1 741-2 to replace the old First Church torn 
 down in 1 741. The fire was supposed to have started from footwarmers. 
 
1744 Yesterday, the Treasure taken by Admeral Anson Con- 
 
 sisting of 298 Chests of Silver 18 Chests of Gold and 20 
 Barels of Gold Dust was Carried throw the City in 32 
 Waggons preceded by Drums Trumpets &c. with the 
 English Colours & ye Spanish Ensigns under them. 
 This Treasure was taken from ye Spaniards in the South 
 Seas and lodged in ye Tower of London. 
 
 1744 Oct. 27 From the Jamaica Gazette. Satterday last ye 20th In- 
 
 stant happen'd as great & dredfull a Storm as ever was 
 known in this part of the World, the Wind at ye begen- 
 ing was E. b N. and after much Rain &c. 
 Jama It began about 6 in ye Evening & lasted till 3 in ye Morn- 
 
 Hurekn ing, the wind was all this Time dve S. By this dredfull 
 
 Hurricane som of the Forts was Destroy'd & many 
 Houses blown down and all the Wharfs destroy'd. But 
 ye Damage in the Harbour Exceeded that on Shore, for 
 8 of his Majesties Ships & 96 Merchant Vessels Wrecked 
 & foundered so that out of 105 Vessels, only his Majes- 
 ty's Ship Rippon rid it out withoute Masts. 
 Account of the taking of Cape Breton. 
 
 1745 17^11 June Cape Breton was taken under ye Command of Lieuten- 
 
 ant General Pepperrell' by Land and Commodore War- 
 ren by sea ; A city Exceeding Strong ;=» According to 
 the French Accounts after the English had taken it, was 
 found 9000 Shot & 600 Bombs, 148 ports in the Walls, 
 83 Cannon, 5 fine Brass Mortars & i Iron one. 
 July 9^1^ G. Holmes & myself was chose Committemen of our 
 Church. 
 
 Mr 
 
 1 William Pepperell was a prosperous merchant and a Chief Justice, as 
 well as a colonel of militia. He was created a baronet after the capture 
 of Louisburg. 
 
 2 The fortifications of Louisburg are said to have cost ^5,000,000. 
 
5 
 
 1747-^8 Jany 8th 
 
 1748 June 15 th 
 
 1749 April 7th 
 
 1747 April loth Mr George Holmes' & myself was chose Deacons of the 
 Church where ye Revd M ^ Wm Welsted^ & Ellis Grays 
 are ye Pastors. Mr Holmes had all ye Votes but one 
 and I had all but three. (Sd Holmes by reason of a 
 pore state of health [declined] but beged of Mr Tudor 
 to accept which he did in 6 weeks.) 
 
 I was Chosen Treasurer of the Society or Propriators 
 of our Church — resin'd after 8 years. 
 This Day we have been Marred 16 years and by good- 
 ness of God to our Family & us, we have not had one 
 Death in it til yesterday Died our negro man named 
 Town about 35 Years old. 
 
 Set oute for Connecticut from Boston by Land and 
 return'd in good health 22^ blessed be God ; I pas^ 
 through 25 Towns and arived at Norwalk where My 
 busness was, which made 26. This Summer was the 
 dryest our Old people ever knew. The grass and all- 
 most everything was scorch'd up. 
 
 was so exceeding hot that people was in a Manner 
 Melted at Meeting, it being Sabbath Day. When the 
 Rains came on in August, the Seeds sown grew at an 
 amazing rate. 
 
 This Spring & Summer has been as fine a groing Sea- 
 son as ever was known. 
 
 The act pas^ for Regulating the Gold & Silver Currency 
 of this province. 
 
 Be 
 
 X George Holmes was a Boston merchant and selectman of the town in 
 1750-52. 
 
 2 Mr. William Welsteed was born in Boston. Graduated at Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1716. Was a Tutor there from 1820-8. Elected Pastor of the 
 New Parish Church in 1728. 
 
 3 Mr. Ellis Gray was born in Boston. Graduated at Harvard College in 
 1734. Was elected Associate Pastor with Mr, Welsteed in 1738. 
 
 1 8th June 
 
 1750 
 
 In March 
 
1750 33e it enacted &c. that it shall not be Lawful for any 
 person &c., after the 31 March 1750 to receive, or pay 
 any of the following Coin at a greater or higher Rate 
 than is allow'd by this Act, followeth. 
 
 Lawful ^ Vizt a Dollar ds/ a Pistole 22^/ 2l guinea 28X' a moydore 
 
 money > 36/ a 36/^ ster pce 48/ a ^{^3.12 Sterling, ^4.16 An 
 
 Act ) Engs Crown 6/8 an Engs half Crown 3/4 an Engs Shil- 
 
 ling 1/4, an Engs Sixpence o/8d, 18 Copper half pence 
 is/, 3 Engs farthings id Every person Receivg or 
 paying Contrary to the above was to forfit 50 £. 
 1750/^1 Feby 16 This Morning a fire broke oute aboute 6 O'Clock in 
 ye Revd Mr Gray's Keeping Room, which Burnt most 
 of Mr Gray's Cloths & most of ye Furniture in the 
 Room but by a Number of f rends his Loss was made 
 up 10 fold. 
 
 175 1 May 8 This Morning I was thrown oute of my Shay's by my 
 
 hors's takeing a sudden flight. I was taken up for ded : 
 I was most terably Bruis'd in most parts of my Body, so 
 that I went with Cruches 2 months, but no Bone broke. 
 Blessed be God for preserving goodness. 
 This May meeting I was Chosen one of the overseers 
 of ye Poor for ye Town of Boston. 
 This Sumer & fall, everything plenty — 
 Deer 31 This night the Harbor frose up & remain'd so til the 
 
 1752 7th of Jany On ye 
 
 2ist Jany I went from Boston on the Ice to the Castle 
 with som Gentlemen & dined with Capt Larrabee* ye Com- 
 mander. This Week many hundreds of people on foot 
 and som in Slays pas'd on the Ice to the Castle & other 
 places. 
 
 Capt 
 
 * John Larrabee was made Lieutenant of the Castle in September, 1722. 
 He lived there, and remained in command for many years, and died Feb. 
 14, 1762. 
 
Smain 
 Pox V 
 Year j 
 
 1752 Jany 18 Capt Atkins' & I rode in a slay to the Castle, on our 
 
 return we rode oute to the Channel whare a Number of 
 Men was cutting ye Ice to open the Channel way for Ves- 
 sels to go oute. The ice was 9 Inches thick, But they 
 cut with Saws &c. from as low as ye Castle up to Clark's 
 Wharf €=* in 9 or ten Days & finish'd Jany 21st The next 
 Day a Number of Vessells Sail'd. 
 March 24 This year 1752 the New Stile began & eleven Days was 
 left oute between the 2^ & 14th of Sept^ and by an act of 
 Parlement the Years begun ye ist of January 
 This Morning Our 4 Oldest Children whas Inoculated by 
 Doer J. Perkins^ Vizt John, James, Mary & Jane. 8 in 
 Our Famely had the Destempr at this Time, 4 in the 
 Natural way, all did well. Blessed be God for his Mercy 
 to us & ouers. On the 
 
 23-^' & 24th July the Selectmen and Overseers of ye poor attended by 
 Several of ye princaple Inhabitants Uisited every Fam- 
 aly in their respective Wards in the Town of Boston, and 
 took an Exact Account of the Number of persons that 
 have had the Small pox, either in the Natural way, or 
 by Inoculation, since it first broke oute in Jany last: 
 and it appear'd that 5059 Whites and 485 Blacks had it in 
 ye Natural way, of whome died 452 Whites & 62 Blacks; 
 
 1970 
 
 1 This was probably Capt. Henry Atkins a selectman of the town in 1745- 
 6, whose granddaughter Delia Jarvis was married by Col. Wm. Tudor in 
 1778. 
 
 2 Clark's Wharf was then the second largest wharf in Boston. It was 
 located about where Lewis Wharf now is. 
 
 3 Dr. John Perkins is mentioned by Dr. Douglass in a letter to the As- 
 sessors of 23d April, 1747, as having a much larger practice than himself. 
 He was still practicing in 1764. 
 
8 
 
 1752 1970 Whites & 139 Blacks had it by Inoculation.' 24 
 Whites and 7 Blacks died. It is very remarcable how- 
 soon the Small pox went throw this great Town. It did 
 not Spred in more than 20 odd Famaly's, till the begin- 
 ing of Aprl when those persons broke oute in Numbers 
 who whare Inoculated the later end of March, and it 
 went in general throw the Town. So that by y^ 
 
 16 of Augst folloing thare was not one person that had it. I was 
 one of the overseers of the poor & My ward^ this year 
 was No. 3 I served 10 years N. B. In my Ward (No 3) 
 Thare was Inoculated 120 Whites & 5 Blacks and not 
 One died. 
 
 1753 Januy 7 This Lords Day died much lamented the Revd M"^ Ellis 
 
 Gray aged ^y Years & 3 mo. He had been Ordained 14 
 years & 3 mo. He was Seized with an Apoplexy about 
 8 O'clock A. M. & died at 2 P. M. 
 April 29 This Lords Day the Revd M^ Wm Welsted died much 
 lamented aged 58. He was seized with an apoplexy 
 about 2 Minutes after he began prayer in the pulpit 
 the last Lords day. The Congregation broke up in great 
 Surprise and Sorrow, Thus Sudently was these two 
 Godly Ministers taken from one church to our unspeak- 
 able loss but their gaine. 
 
 1754 Ap^ 19 Last Night exceeding Cold. It frose i inch }4 thick. 
 
 In ye afternoon Snowed very fast. 
 
 This 
 
 1 The method of inoculation for the small-pox was begun by Dr. Zabdiel 
 Boylston in 1721, and was supported by Rev. Cotton Mather and most of 
 the other ministers, but bitterly opposed by all the other doctors, led by 
 Dr. William Douglass. Nearly all the people opposed the system, which, 
 however, was finally accepted. 
 
 a The town was divided into wards many years before this time. Ward 
 3 was then situated between the North End and the central part of the 
 town, extending from the water as far west as Hanover Street, and includ- 
 ing Fish Street where Deacon Tudor lived. 
 
9 
 
 THE GREAT EARTHQUAKE. 
 
 1755 iSthNovem'" This great & Surprizing Earthquake in Boston was 
 The Great ) about 25 or 30 Minutes past 4 in the Morning. It came 
 
 Earthquake ) on hke the Noise of Several Coaches rattling, there was 
 
 2 Shocks so Terable that t'was thougt if they had Con- 
 tinued I or 2 Minutes longer that Most of the Houses 
 in town would have been shook down. The tops of 
 many Chimneys was thrown down, Thousands of Bricks 
 Slaites &c. Scatter'd in the Streets. The princaple 
 damage was near the Town Dock. Many Thousands of 
 people ran into the Streets in great Terror. Such Judg- 
 ment may well make us cry out w't^ the psalmist. My 
 flesh Trembleth for fear of the & I am afraid of thy 
 Judgments. 'Twas remarkable that not one person was 
 hurt. Blessed be God for preserving us & our dwehngs. 
 Satterday evening folloing was another Shock between 
 6 & 9 O'clock. Several small shocks was felt in many 
 places for a month. 
 1755 Novr ist was a great Earthquake in Lizbon. Numbers of Houses 
 distroy'd. Many Thousands of people kile'd. 
 
 1758 July 26 Cape Britton v/as given up to the English. General 
 
 Amhust commanded by Land and Admeral Boscowin 
 by sea. 
 Decemr 16 to 20 I Mov'd my Famaly into the New house,* I Built the 
 Summer past, on the Land purchas'd of M^ Ed^ Hutch- 
 inson last 30 March. 
 
 1759 Feby 2 This Morning about y^ after 2 O'Clockwe had an Earth- 
 
 quake, but throw mercy did no Damage 
 July 26 Niagara Fort Surrendred to Geni Johnson ) French 
 
 27 Genl Amherst took Ticonderoga. ) forts. 
 
 General 
 
 I This house was located on Fish Street next the water on what is now 
 North Street, near Fleet Street. 
 
THE GREAT FIRE. 
 
 1759 Septr 13 
 
 18 Oct 
 
 Novr 14 
 
 1760 March 20 
 
 Great ) 
 Fire j 
 
 General Wolfe fought & beate the French armey Near 
 Quebec. Geni Wolf & Genl Montcalm where both 
 kil'd. 
 
 Mons^ DeKamsy surrender'd the Sitty of Quebec to 
 ye English Troops ye iS^h In*- 
 
 A large Fire Consum'd a Number of Shops & dwelling 
 Houses near Olivers Bridg' Boston. 
 
 This morning a Terable Fire broke oute about 2 O'Clock 
 in the Morning at the Brazen-head E Side of Corn Hill.^ 
 Soon after the Fire got to a head the Wind Sprung up 
 Fresh aboute N. W. which communicated the sparks to 
 the S. E. part of the Town as far as Hunts Shipyard 
 and about Fort-hill3 and in 5 or 6 bowers Consumed 349 
 Buildings. It is impossable to express the Distress of 
 the unhappy Sufferers by the grevos Judgment. The 
 loss to the Sufferers in Houses, Stores, Merchandizes, 
 Furneture &c. was ;^ 100,000. Sterling. Colections was 
 made in England-* as well as in America on the acct I 
 was one of the Overseers of the poor at this time & with 
 the Selectmen Sat to examin the Acc^s of the Sufferers 
 & to distribute ist to the Widows 2iy to the Trades- 
 men 3dy to the Midling people, the Rich had none of 
 sd Colection which came to about ;^5 5,000. Sterling 
 there was many privat colections whereby many received 
 
 in 
 
 1 Oliver's Bridge was where Kilby Street now crosses Water Street. 
 
 2 Corn Hill then extended as far south as Milk Street, where Washing- 
 ton Street now is. 
 
 3 Fort Hill was entirely removed after the great fire of 1872. Noth- 
 ing remains to mark its site but Fort Hill Square. 
 
 4 Rev. George Whitefield was active in securing most of the English 
 subscriptions. 
 
1760 in boath ways full as much as they lost & some of the 
 
 poore more, as fully appear'd ; this affair before it was 
 all Settled in about 18 mons caus'd to the Selectmen 
 & Overseers at least 100 Meetings, when the whole pro- 
 ceedings was laid before Governor Bernard & the 
 Councle who apointed the Committee as aforesaid. 
 
 1760 August 2d Governor Bernard came to Boston with his Commit &c. 
 Sepi" 8 Montreal Surrender'd to Gen. Amherst. 
 
 Ocfr 25 King George ye lid died Suddently. King George 
 ye Illd was proclaim'd. 
 
 1761 Sepr 22 K. George Ilfd was Marred to prenc^ Charlotte. K. 
 
 George 3d & Queen Charlotte was crown'd : they were 
 marred som time before sd Crownation, and in general 
 Approved of by the English Nation. 
 
 BIRTHS, DEATHS, ETC. 
 
 1760 Octr The number of Inhabitants computed at present to be 
 
 contained in the known World at a Medium, taken from 
 the Calculations of Riccioli & others, amounts to about 
 950 millions Vizt 
 
 
 millions 
 
 
 millions 
 
 Spain & Portugal 
 
 10 
 
 Denmark, Sweden & 1 
 Norway \ 
 
 6 
 
 France 
 
 20 
 
 Italy & adjacent Islands 
 
 8 
 
 Russia 
 
 rS 
 
 Great Britain 
 
 9 
 
 Poland, Bohemia, i 
 Hungary & Tartary ^ 
 
 
 Ireland 
 
 2 
 
 50 
 
 Germany & Netherlaj i 
 & Switzerland I 
 
 
 
 74 
 
 30 
 
 from other side 
 
 *79 
 
 
 "79 
 
 Thus Europe contains 
 
 153 
 
 
 
 Asia 
 
 500 
 
 
 
 Africa 
 
 150 
 
 
 
 America 
 
 150 
 
 953 millions 
 
 ACCOUNT 
 
ACCOUNT OF BURIALS IN BOSTON. 
 
 ^ ^^ \ Buried Whites 508 Blacks 68, in all 576 
 
 I Baptized in the Several Churches 417 
 
 1761 ! -'^"^'^^'^ Whites 436 Blacks 81, in all 517 
 ( Baptized in the Several Churches 374 
 
 1 762 ! -'^"^^^^ Whites 390 Blacks 66, in all 456 
 ( Baptized in the Several Churches 418 
 
 1763 ( Buried Whites 344 Blacks 63 407 ; 11 more 
 uncommon ( Baptized in the Several Churches 418 baptized 
 
 1764 
 
 1705 
 
 1768 
 
 Buried Whites 471 Blacks yy in all 548 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 367 
 
 Died more than Baptized 181 
 
 Buried in Boston Whites 594 Blacks 51 in all 545 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 435 
 
 than died 
 
 ^ ^g Buried Whites 389 Blacks 44, in all 433 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 424 
 
 Buried 369 Whites 48 Blacks, in all 417 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 414 
 
 ^^ Buried 579 Whites 66 Blacks, in all 645 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 440 
 
 Buried 404 Whites 79 Blacks, in all 483 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 445 
 
 Buried 423 Whites 59 (one newspaper says 
 
 1 771 63) Blacks, in all 482 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 399 
 
 Buried 458 Whites, Blacks 59 Burd in all 517 
 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 373 
 
 1773 
 
13 
 
 ^7Th 
 
 Buried 533 Whites 62 Blacks in all 
 Baptized in the Several Churches 
 
 585 
 485 
 
 774 
 
 A fleet & 596 
 Buried 546 Whites Blacks 50 in all J army in 521 
 Baptized in the Several Churches | Boston 
 
 I, this year 
 
 1761 Aug. 12 We have had an Exceeding dry Summer. Scarce any 
 
 Raine for 3 Months. Butter risen from 5 to 6-^ & 9s/ 
 per pound Milk 1/4, the pasters burnt up. But this 
 Morning Blessed be God we had a fine Raine. 
 Sepr Fine Raines. 
 
 Oct. I to iQtl^ Milk &c. begins to fall in price. 
 
 1762 Jany Moderate Weather. 
 
 March i^t 4 nights & 3 days past Extreem cold. 
 17 Fine & warm. 
 War Manifesto or Declaration of War published by the King 
 
 of Spain on 16 Decem^ 1761 against Engd- The War- 
 rant for a Declaration of War was given at St. James's 
 2d Januy 1762 and War was declar'd against Spain the 4th 
 1762 Feby 12th Martineco surrendred to the British Troops Commanded 
 by Geni Monckton. 
 Apl 6 A cold & bad Snow Storm after a spell of fine warm 
 
 Weather. 
 March 8 I was chose one of the Wardens of the Town of Boston. 
 War was declar'd in Boston against Spain at 12 O'Clock 
 on Wednesday 14th April 1762. 
 June II This morning about 11 O'Clock a Fire broke out in Bos- 
 
 ton in Wilhams's Court which consumed several Dwel- 
 ings and Eleven Famaleys burnt oute ; this is the 
 3'^ large Fire besides the great one on March 20*^ 
 
 1760 that has happened in 3 years in this Metropolis. 
 
 An 
 
14 
 
 1762 June 15 
 Dry I 
 
 Summer \ 
 
 July nth 
 
 July 12 
 Dry Sum' 
 
 August 
 
 Havana 
 Taken 
 
 25 
 
 31 
 
 Sepr 
 Oct. 15 
 
 Octr 23 
 
 Prince 
 George ye 
 4th Born 
 1762 Deer 25 
 
 Dec. 26th 
 
 An Extreem dry season. But little rain for 6 Weeks. 
 This Lords day morning about 3 O' Clock a Fire broke 
 oute in the cabin of a Sloop that lay at my Wharf. 
 The Sloop was 3^ burnt, the Cargo greatly damaged, 
 and the top of the wharfe which was laid with Timber 
 considerably burnt with a pile of Bords that was on 
 the Wharf. 
 
 Continues very dry. The grass and almost everything 
 scorched up, but little Rain for two months past 
 Continues exceeding Dry. The dryest Summer our 
 Oldest men ever remember. 2 dry summers going. 
 We reed the agreeable news of Morro Castle, on the 
 Isleland of Cuba, being taken by Storm 28 July last 
 after a Siege of 40 days. The English in Storming lost 
 50 men, the Spaniards 1500. 12 Augst the City sur- 
 rendr'd 
 
 Yesterday and all last night fine Raines after a distress- 
 ing dry Summer. 
 
 This month fine Raines & a growing season. 
 This evening P^ Capt Hallowell in the province Ship we 
 had the agreeable News of Newfoundlands being re- 
 taken from the French who had been in possession of 
 it 3 or 4 months. It was happily accomplished on the 
 18 Septemr under the comand of Col. Amherst by land 
 and Lord Colvill by sea. 
 
 Reed the News of the Prince's Birth Geo. 4th 
 Thursday Augt i2tb 1762. This morning at half a hour 
 past seven Queen Charlotte was delivered of a Prince. 
 London St. James Gazette. 
 
 A fine warm Day & fine Weather (except a Day or two) 
 for five Weeks past. 
 
 Very Cold. The Weather chang'd of a Sudden last night. 
 
 This 
 
15 
 
 ^7^3 J^^"- "3 This Lord's day morning extreem Cold. The II arbor 
 
 frose over & continued so for 9 Days, when the pt of 
 Feby [came] the Weather Moderated & the High Tides 
 together, broke up the Ice when several Vessells that 
 lay below came up to Town. 
 
 Feby 2 A Snow Storm at E. came on in the afternoon. We 
 
 have had two large Snows in the 5 Weeks past and very 
 Cold for the most part, but small Winds till this after- 
 noon. 
 
 Augst Plenty of Rain's all Spring & Summer. Everything 
 
 plenty & Cheap except Meat & Butter, Avhich is very 
 dear. 
 
 Augst 10 This day peace was proclaim'd in Boston with France & 
 Spaine. Tomorrow is appointed for a Day of Thanks- 
 given for peace. 
 
 Deer Most part of the Fall, till Christmas, moderat. 
 
 1764 Januy 10 Extreem Cold 4 Days past. 
 12th fare fine Moderat Weather. 
 
 23d fine Day. Note : 12 days, fine Weather : no raine for 30 
 Days. 
 
 24 A Snow Storm. 
 
 25 fine Day, Snow this morning 12, or 14 Inches on a 
 Level. Last night in a Severe Snow Storm about Mid- 
 night Harvard College was Burnt down.' The Large 
 Library : The fine Instruments &c. &c. all destroyed. 
 The General Court at this Time Sets at Cambridge on 
 account of the small pox being in Boston. 
 
 Feb. 18 This afternoon Mr Whitefield arrived in Boston from 
 the Southward. Preach'd at Dr. Sewells^ 2 A. M. to a 
 
 large 
 
 1 This was the college library then occupied by the General Court. 
 
 2 Rev. Joseph Sewall made pastor of Old South Church in 1 71 3. Died 
 1769. 
 
i6 
 
 [764 
 
 Feb. 28 
 March 6 
 
 March 1 1 
 Friday 9 
 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 23 &24 
 25 March 
 25th 
 April 20 
 
 July 5 
 
 July 1 1 
 13th 
 
 large and Crowded assembley. 
 
 Extreem Cold this Day and Last night & 29th Night. 
 Extreem cold snow Storm, Wind N. E. a bright Stedy 
 Northern light all last evening. 
 Extreem Cold last Night Very Cold this morning. 
 This fornoon our only Son W™ Tudor' was Inoculated 
 (by Doer John Perkins) for the Small pox. 
 This Morning before daylight he began to complain of 
 his head & back 8z:c. 
 
 in the Morning Several of the pock appear'd. 
 Turned. 
 Uery well. 
 
 A Cold N. E. Storm. 
 
 Last Night (being Thursday Night) we had a Severe 
 Storm of Wind, Snow & Rain, at first Wind at N. E. 
 which brote in the Tide higher than it's been for 40 
 Year: great damage was don to the Wharfes, Sugar, 
 Salt Sic. The Wind Shifted farther to the North before 
 high water, or the damage mite have been much greater. 
 Very Cold for the season. 
 
 Last Evening we had here Terable Thunder & Light- 
 ning. It began about half after 7 O' Clock and lasted 
 till half after 12. Blessed be God it did but little dam- 
 age in Boston, but at Portsmouth it was more Terable 
 and did som damage. 
 Extreem hot. 
 
 A fine Raine a fine groing Season so far : plenty of Fish, 
 Mackeral are ketch'd at the wharfs, in many of the 
 Docks scoons of small mackeral are ketch'd in such 
 plenty, that they have been sold from 3 to 6 Coppers a 
 
 Dusen. 
 
 We 
 
 1 See sketch of his hfe at end of Diary, 
 
17 
 
 FIRST STAMP ACT RIOTS. 
 
 1764 Sepr We have had plenty of Most of the Necessarys of Life. 
 Decern^ 26 being Wednesday Last night came on a Terable Storm, 
 
 Wind between N. E. & E. which Rais'd the Tide hier 
 than it has been for 43 Years before, Much Damage 
 done to Sugar, Salt &c. as the Tide over fload the 
 Wharfes, fill'd many Cellars &c. 
 
 1765 Jany 2 Extreem Cold day & Night as it's been for 4 Days. 
 
 9 Extreem Cold, but in the afternoon the Wind came to 
 
 the South and it was much warmer. 
 Pork from ■) 27 Extreem Cold. 
 2od to 2/2 ) 30th Extreem Cold for 3 Days past. 
 
 31st Snow Storm; Every Nessacry very plenty. For 2 
 months past mostly Cold & sundry Snow which has 
 made good sleding for 9 Weeks past. 
 Febuary Mostly fine Moderat Weather the Winter broke i i^h Inst. 
 March 25 Yesterday (being 24 & Sabbath Day) We had a severe 
 Terrible ^ N. E. Storm of Snow the bigest Sea in the Harbor that 
 
 Tide > our Oldest men ever see. The Tide the same height 
 
 & Storm ) on a Level that it was 26^'^ of Dec^ last, but as the sea 
 
 was so great it did Vastly more damage to the Wharfes 
 & vessells &c. than in Dec^ last. The whole damage 
 was computed at least to ten thousd pounds Sterling. 
 Apr. 30 Pretty dry Season, for the most part of this Month. 
 May I St A fine Steady Raine, 
 
 June 29 A fine groing season : provision very plenty. 
 August 14 This morning was discouerd hanging on the great Trees' 
 at the South end of Boston the Effiges of An^i Oliver 
 Esqr as Stamp Master & a Large Boot with the Divel 
 
 coming 
 
 « Liberty trees. There were two of these trees that stood at the corner 
 of what is now Washington and Essex Streets. They were cut down by 
 the Tories in January, 1776. 
 
FIRST STAMP ACT RIOTS. 
 
 1765 coming oute of the top &c. The Boot to represent 
 
 Lord Bute &c. The effiges hung all Day and towards 
 evening a number of people assembled, took down the 
 effiges carred them throw the Town as far as the Town- 
 house/ then March'd down King Street,' and then pro- 
 ceeded to Oliver's dock,3 pulled down a New Brick Build- 
 ing caled the Stamp Office, belonging to s^ Oliver & 
 carried the Wooden part of it up to Fort Hill and with 
 Shouting made a Bonfire of it with sd Oliver's Fence 
 which stood near sd Hill ; and then surrounded M^ Oli- 
 vers House, Broke his Windows & entred the House & 
 destroyed great part of the Furniture &c. The next 
 Day a Proclamation was Issued out by Governor Ber- 
 nard and the Councel offering I00;£ L. M. Reward for 
 the discovery of any person concerned as aforesaid &c. 
 Things remained something quiet till the 26th when 
 toward evening a number of people assembled in King 
 Street & Attack'd the House and office of W^ Story^ 
 Esqr Deputy Register of the Court of Admiralty (which 
 stood near the Town House) Broke the Windows of the 
 House and Office, destroy'd & burnt part of the Goods 
 scattered & burnt most of the papers in a Bonfire they 
 made in King Street near the House. Then proceeded 
 to the Houses of Benj. Hallowell'^ Esqr Comptroller of 
 
 the 
 
 1 The Townhouse is still standing at the head of State Street. It was 
 built in 1 7 14; partly destroyed by fire and rebuilt in 1749. 
 
 2 King Street, now .State Street. 
 
 3 Oliver's Dock was located about where Long^Vharf joins India Street. 
 
 4 William Story went oft' with the British troops after the evacuation. 
 
 5 Hallowell's house was on Hanover Street. 
 
 6 Benjamin Hallowell was one of those proscribed as a Tory. His 
 nephew, Robert HoUowell Gardiner married Emma Jane, Col. Tudor's 
 eldest daughter. 
 
FIRST STAMP ACT RIOTS. 
 
 1765 the Custom House; Broke down the Fence & Windows 
 
 of his Dwelling house, & then entered the House, Broke 
 the Wainscot and great part of the Furniture &c. and 
 carried of 30;^ Sterling in money &c. This brought it 
 to the dusk of the evening, tho' it was a moonlight Night 
 near the full Moon, Then the Monsters being enflam'd 
 with Rum & Wine which they got in sd Hallo wells Cel- 
 ler proceeded with Shouts to the Dwelling House' of 
 1765 Augst the Hon! Thos. Hutchinson Esq^ Lieu* Governor & 
 
 The Mob enter'd in a Voyalant manner, broke the Wainscot, par- 
 
 at Govr titions, Glasses &c.; broke & distroy'd every Window, 
 
 Hutchinsons Broke, tore or carred off all the Famaly's Apparel Jew- 
 
 els, Books &c. and Carred off about 900^ Sterling in 
 Cash, they worked hard from 8 O'Clock on the House, 
 Fences &c. till about 12 or one O'Clock ; when they got 
 on the top of the House and cut down a large Cupola, 
 or Lanthron which took up their Time till near Day- 
 light, leaving the House a mear Shell. So great a piece 
 of Cruilty (I believe) on so good, so inocent a Gentle- 
 man' was never committed since the Creation. The 
 next Day the Governor & Councle Issued out a procla- 
 mation of 30O;£ Lawful m'y to anyone who shold discover 
 the Leador, or Leadors of the Mob and lOO;^ reward 
 for the discovery of any Actors in the affare. T'was 
 supposed that several Contrey Fellows & saylors was 
 concerned in this Mob, as there was but few of them 
 known. There was a number of Boys from 14 to sixteen 
 
 Years 
 
 1 Hutchinson's house was on Garden Court Street at the North End. 
 
 2 It appears to have been a general mistake of the period to suppose 
 that Hutchinson was innocent of supporting the Stamp Act. See his 
 secret letters to the English ministry sent over in i y^j, by FrankUn. 
 
20 
 
 FIRST STAMP ACT RIOTS. 
 
 1765 Years of age, som mere Children which did a great 
 
 deal of damage in breaking the Windows & distroying 
 the Furniture Apparel &c. But what is surprising 
 there was some hundreds of people looking on as spec- 
 tators, I was one, that had they known each others 
 minds they mite have prevented the Mischief don at the 
 Liv^ Governor's ; But there was such a Universal obhor- 
 ance of the Stamp Act' which [had] past in England & 
 was soon to be put in execution in America and which 
 was the cause of the Mob's riseing and commiting such 
 cruilty on the Governor ; thinking he had som hand in 
 the Stamp Act, but it was soon known that he was not 
 only inocent, but had protested against it. 
 
 Aug. 26 The next Day there was a full town Meeting, when they 
 Voted Vnanimously their utter detestation of the violent 
 proceedings of the Mob &c. and had the minds of the 
 people and the Inocence of Governor Hutchinson been 
 known before, as it was at this meeting, the mischief at 
 his house mite easily have been prevented, as the next 
 day their was a Universal Lamentation for the Distruc- 
 tion don. 
 
 Augst 22 My son Will™ Tudor entered collige pas'd examenation 
 &c. and went to hording to the Rev^ M^ Appelton's :' 
 Aged fifteen years 4 mons 1 1 Days. 
 
 Dec^ 13 Very high Tide. Provisions plenty, moderat Weather 
 helther to. Butter 4/g by the Firkin, Cider 30/ pork 
 
 20d, 
 
 X The first copy of the Stamp Act to go into effect the following Novem- 
 ber was received on the 26th May in Boston. 
 
 * Rev. Nathaniel Appleton born at Ipswich, Dec. 9, 1683; graduated 
 at Harvard College 1712; ordained 1717; given degree of Doctor of 
 Divinity 1771; died Feb. 9, 1784. 
 
21 
 
 REPEAL OF THE FIRST STAMP ACT. 
 
 1766 20d, Hay 20/ old Tenor. Fine pleasant Weather for the 
 
 most part till 31 this last Day of the Year, but now 
 1766 Jany 6 very Cold a large vapor on the Harbor and very Cold for 
 
 6 Days. 
 
 on the 2<i & 3d Days fell a Snow 16 inches deep on a levell; 
 7^^ it came more moderat 
 
 Januy 5 being Sabbath Day & Small Tides & Extreem cold. 
 
 Boston Harbor Frose over and on Monday it hardened so, 
 that by Thursday people pas^ to & from the Castle on 
 the Ice. 
 Friday the lo^h it was moderat Weather. 
 
 Satterday i i^h we had a remarkable Thaw & a South Wind, which broke 
 up the Ice and clear'd the Harbor so that a number of 
 vessells sail'd a Sabbath Day morning. This was very 
 remarkable for the Harbor to frees up so strong & be 
 so clear again in 6 Days. It was thro' owing to the 
 sd Thaw & high spring Tides. 
 Jany 10 We rec<i the melancholy News of the death of the Duke 
 
 of Cumberland who died suddently at his House in Lon- 
 don Thursday night Octor 31st 1765 in the 45 Year of 
 his age; born april 15 1721. 
 March 12 We have had a moderat Winter & but little Snow, but 
 March 13 between 10 & 11 O'Clock came on a Severe Storm of 
 Snow, Wind from N. to E. till aboute 10 or 11 clock on 
 Friday 14th when it Shifted to West & N. W, & blew Exceeding 
 hard, by which several Chimneys were blown down but 
 no persons hurt. 
 The 14*^1 & 15th Extreem Cold for the time of Year; Snow 12 Inches 
 deep on a Level. 
 May 16 This Day we Received the joyfull News by Capt Coffin' 
 
 of 
 
 I Probably Hezekiah Coffin, who was Captain of one of the famous tea 
 ships. 
 
22 
 
 REPEAL OF THE FIRST STAMP ACT. 
 1776 of the Repeal of the Stamp Act/ which was signed by 
 
 his Majesty on the i8th^ of March last, upon which the 
 Bells were Set a Ringing, the ship display'd their Col- 
 our, numbers of Guns were fired &c. 
 19 The Select men appointed this Day for the General 
 Rejoicings and joy smiled in every Countenance. Our 
 Goal3 was freed of Debtors by the Generosity of som 
 Gentleman. At i O' Clock the Castle and Battery & 
 Train of Artillery fired a Royal Salute &c. &c. In the 
 evening, the whole Town was beautifully illuminated: 
 on the Common the Sons of Liberty^ erected a Magnifi- 
 cent Pyramid illuminated with 280 Lamps. The 4 upper 
 Stories were Ornamented with the Figures of their 
 Majesties &c. To give A full discription of all the 
 Fireworks &c. would be endless ; all the affars was con- 
 ducted with the utmost Deacency. 
 
 1 This was the first Stamp Act passed March 22, 1765. 
 
 2 The Repeal was reluctantly signed by the king on the 17th of March 
 1766. 
 
 3 This was probably the Bridewell situated at the Northwest corner of 
 the Granary Burying Ground near the almshouse on what is now Park 
 Street, or the old stone debtors' prison near the present City Hall. 
 
 4 The Sons of Liberty was a political society, mostly composed of artisans 
 and young men, who were of great service to the patriot leaders at later 
 period. 
 
 NOTE TO PAGE 23. 
 
 1 William Cooper was a brother of Rev. Samuel Cooper and a son of Rev. 
 William Cooper mentioned above, and grandson of Capt. Thomas Cooper, 
 He was born in Brookline Oct. I, 1721 ; representative from Boston, 1755- 
 56, 1774-75 and 1776-77; register of Probate for Suffolk County 1759-99; 
 Boston Town Clerk 1 761-1809, and for many years a Justice of the Peace 
 He died 28 December, 1809. His son John married Elizabeth Savage, 
 Deacon Tudor's granddaughter. 
 
23 
 
 [Broadside] 
 
 AT a Meeting of the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the Town 
 of Boston, legally qualified and warned, in Public Town-meet- 
 ing, assembled at Faneuil-Hall on Monday the 21st Day of April Anno 
 Domini, 1766. 
 
 VOTED, That the Selectmen be desir'd, when they shall have a 
 certain Account of the Repeal of the Stamp-Act, to notify the Inhab- 
 itants of the Time they shall fix upon for the general Rejoicings and 
 to publish the following Vote viz : 
 
 " Under the deepest Sense of Duty and Loyalty to our Most Gra- 
 cious Sovereign King GEORGE, and in Respect and Gratitude to the 
 Patriotic Ministry, Mr. PITT, and the glorious Majority of both Houses 
 of Parliament, by whose Influence, under Divine Providence, against a 
 most strenuous Opposition, a happy Repeal of the Stamp-Act so un- 
 constitutional as well as grievous to His Majesty's good Subjects of 
 AMERICA, is attained ; whereby our incontestible Right of Internal 
 Taxation remains to us inviolate : 
 
 " VOTED, That at the time the Selectmen shall appoint, every 
 Inhabitant be desired to illuminate his Dwelling-House ; and that it is 
 the Sense of the Town, that the Houses of the Poor, as well as those 
 where there are sick Persons, and all such Parts of Houses as are used 
 for Stores, together with the Houses of those (if there are any) who 
 from certain religious Scruples cannot conform to this Vote, ought to 
 be protected from all injury ; and that all Abuses and Disorders on the 
 Evening of Rejoicing, by breaking Windows or otherwise, if any 
 should happen, be prosecuted by the Town. 
 A true Copy Attest 
 
 William Cooper Town Clerk. 
 
 / HE Selectmen having received certain Intelligence, that the Act repeal- 
 ing the Stamp Act, has passed all the requisite Formalities, congratu- 
 late the Inhabitants of the Town on the joyful A^ews, and appoint Monday 
 next, the igth Instant, for the Day of General Rejoicing, in Compliance with 
 the foregoing Votes, recommending to all Persons a due and Punctual Observ- 
 ance of the Salutary Regulations enjoined therein. 
 
 By Order of tht Selectmen, 
 
 WILLIAM COOPER^ Town-Clerk. 
 Boston, May /j. 7766. 
 
 Stories 
 
24 
 
 From a London print April iS'h 1766. 
 
 A Computation of the Number of Inhabitants in Each 
 
 Colony and a proportion of Duties' which might be 
 
 raised in each as an Equivalent in lieu of the Stamp 
 
 Duties. 
 
 
 
 Inhabitants 
 
 Proportion 
 
 Canada and its dependancies 
 
 90,000 
 
 ;^3,ooo 
 
 Nova Scotia & its dependancies 15,000 
 
 500 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 60,000 
 
 2,500 
 
 Massachusetts Bay . 
 
 
 240,000 
 
 8,000 , 
 
 Connecticut . 
 
 
 1 50,000 
 
 5,000 
 
 Rhode Island . 
 
 
 45,000 
 
 1,500 
 
 New York 
 
 
 1 50,000 
 
 5,000 
 
 Jerseys . 
 
 
 90,000 
 
 3,000 
 
 Pennsylvania ( 210 
 Lower counties I 1 5, 
 
 000 ) 
 000 i 
 
 225,000 
 
 7,000 
 
 Maryland 
 
 
 120,000 
 
 4,000 
 
 Virginia . 
 
 
 180,000 
 
 6,000 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 
 45,000 
 
 1,500 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 
 105,000 
 
 3,500 
 
 Georgia, East & West Florida 
 Bahama & Bermuda 
 
 30,000 
 
 1,000 
 
 Jamaica .... 
 
 1 50,000 
 
 5,000 
 
 Barbadoes 
 
 75,000 
 
 2,500 
 
 Antigua .... 
 
 45,000 
 
 1,500 
 
 St. Christopers, Nevis, Mont. 1 
 
 
 
 serat, Granada, Dominica, 
 
 45,000 
 
 1,500 
 
 Tobego, & St. Vincent ! 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 i,86o,ooo» 
 
 62,000 
 
 Divided by the total number of Inhabitants makes 8^ each 
 per Annum. It 
 
 « It was at this time proposed in England that the Colonies should vote 
 
25 
 
 Monday June i6 It has been hot & dry for aboute lo Days past Satterday 
 1766 last, Butter & Hay began to rise, But blessed be God 
 
 this afternoon came on a fine Raine sutch as has not 
 been remembered in the Month of June, for it continued 
 Rayney & Fogy til Satterday Night 5 Days & Night, 
 23 fare & warm and a fine prospect of plenty, tho' a back- 
 ward spring till the latter end of May. 
 
 June 16 Yesterday (Sabbath day) aboute 7 O'Clock afternoon 
 Dr Clarks' Large Barn & Coach-house was consumed 
 by fire. The Fire burst oute on a sudden and blaz'd 
 with sutch Furee that 'twas a great Mercy that all the 
 North part of the Town was not laid in Ashes, as the 
 Houses was exceeding dry & the Wind Fresh & S. be W. 
 The Sparks flew and catch'd a Number of Houses to 
 Leward, but by the dexterety of the Inhabitants & a 
 plenty of Water, under providence with the help of 
 Indjains' we were preserv'd. 
 
 Deer 19 Every Nesaery of Life plenty, we have had fine Mod- 
 erat Weather the Fall past, till this day came on a Snow 
 Storm. 
 
 20 Snowed all Day yesterday & last night, so that this 
 Morning Snow was 18 Inches deep on a Levell. 
 
 2 1 A fine day overhead. 
 
 Extreem 
 
 a voluntary contribution in place of the estimated revenues from the stamp 
 duties, but the obstinacy of the king prevented this plan from being car- 
 ried out. 
 
 NOTE TO PAGE 24. 
 
 a This estimate would give about a million and a half of people for the 
 provinces that later revolted. John Adams at the beginning of the war 
 estimated the population of Massachusetts at four hundred thousand. 
 Burke in his appeal to Parliament for the repeal of the first Stamp Act 
 speaks of the Colonies containing three millions of people. 
 
 1 Probably Dr. John Clark, Speaker. 
 9 Indjaips— -fire-engines, 
 
26 
 
 1767 Januy 2'1 Extreem Cold for 3 Days past, Last Tuesday a Snow 
 10 Inches deep. 
 3J The Weather something more moderat. 
 Feby 4th Last Night just after 10 O'Clock Brays Bak-house in 
 Mr Hancocks Buildings on the South Side of the Mill 
 Creek3 burst oute into flames, the Wind being fresh at 
 West. The Flames & Sparks soon drove on the Roofs 
 of the houses on both sides of the Creek & consumed 
 above 20 Houses & near 50 Famalys where turn'd oute 
 of Doars ; A Number of Stores Shops and Barnes were 
 allso Consumed. It v/as aboute 3 O'Clock in the Morn- 
 ing before the Flames were subdued, as it was low 
 Water when it began. The Weather was so Cold that 
 the Water which fell on Mens Clothes froze immediately. 
 March 14 Extreem Cold for 3 Days past. 
 
 July 17 Extreem Dry Weather all the Month of June past & till 
 this Day when we had a fine Raine. Hay Sold from 
 35/ to 45/ f hundred Roots of all sorts began to be 
 exceeding dear &c. &c. 
 Augst 13 A fine groing season & plenty of Raine since the 17 of 
 July. 
 November Provisions very plenty good mutton for 2 Coppers f 
 pound the best of Lamb for 3. Turkeys & Fowles for 
 2/ old Tenor, in short nothing dear but Hay. 
 1768 Feby This month quite Moderat, tho' the Winter Sett in the 
 
 beginning of Decern^ 
 Feby 20 But little Snow or Ice on the Ground. 
 March 15 Prity cold, but no Snow on the Ground, we have had but 
 a tryfle of Snow for a Month past. 
 20 This morning (Sabbath Day) we had a Severe N, E. 
 
 Snow 
 
 3 Mill Creek divided the North End from the rest of the Town and was 
 located where Blackstone Street now is. 
 
27 
 
 1/68 March 20 Snow Storm. It blew Extreem hard last Night, it be- 
 ing just after the Change of the Moon we had a very 
 high Tide. 
 Apl I St A very Cold Snow Storm, Wind from N. to N. W. blew 
 hard. 
 2 Extreem Cold last Night, blew a neare Harican at N. W. 
 Which continu'd this Day & made as much Ice on the 
 Bows & Sides of Vessells as in the Middle of Winter. 
 3^1 more Moderat. 
 May Raw Cold most of this Month ; the Spring Backward. 
 
 June 30 The coldest Weather that ever I Remember for June, 
 has been throw this Month ; but we have had fine Raines 
 and a prospect of every thing being plenty, 
 Septr We have had fine Showers most of the Summer past & 
 
 a plinty of all sorts of provisions. 
 Sepf 28 Reed Advice that Several Men of War and Transports 
 was arrived at Nantsket. 
 
 29 The Fleet came to Anchor near Castle Willm- 
 
 30 At 3 O'clock P. M. the Lanceston of 40 Guns, the Mer- 
 maid of 28, Glasgow of 20, Beven of 14, Senegal 14, 
 Bonnetta 10, several armed schooners, which with the 
 Romney of 50 Guns (which had been hear most of the 
 Summer) & the other Ships of War before in the Har- 
 bour, Capt Smith in the Mermaid Comadore, all came 
 up to town bringing with them the 14th Regiment Col. 
 Dalrymple & 291^1 Regt Col. Care. So that now we See 
 Boston Surrounded with aboute 14 Ships, or Vessells of 
 war. The greatest perade perhaps ever seen in the Har- 
 bour of Boston.' 
 
 At 
 
 I This warlike demonstration was to carry out the second Stamp Act 
 called theTownshend Revenue Bill passed in August, 1767, which provided 
 that " The revenue was to be at the disposition of the king," thereby ig- 
 noring entirely the constitutional right of the people to vote their own 
 taxes and making the king's power at once absolute. 
 
28 
 
 1768 Octo^ I At aboute i O'clock Satterday all the Troops Landed 
 
 Saturday under cover of the Cannon of the Ships of War; The 
 Troops drew up in King Street and marched off in a 
 Short time into the Common with Muskets charged, 
 Bayonets fixed (perhaps Expecting to have met with 
 resestance as the Soldiers afterwards told the inhabi- 
 tants) their Colours flying, Drums beating & museck 
 playing, In short they made a gallant appearance, make- 
 ing with the Train of Artillery aboute 800 Men. In the 
 afternoon Tents was set up in the Common for the 29 
 Regiment and about SunSett the 14 Regem' Marched 
 from the Common down to Faneuil Hall. 
 
 Ocf I** (having no Camp equipage arriv'd), where they stood 
 
 about 2 howers, at last about 9 O'clock they were per- 
 mitted to Enter s** Hall : The Barracks provided by the 
 Province at a great expense on the Castle remaining 
 emty, which was the reason & caus'd so many disputes 
 aboute Quartering the Troops in the Town 
 
 Octo" 2 Lords-day, the Town Quiet ; This evening by order of 
 
 Governor Bernard the Secretary Oliver opened the 
 Townhouse & even the Representatives chamber for 
 the Troops. 
 
 Ocf 6**" Last evening the picture of Governor B** hanging in 
 
 College Hall ' had a piece cut out of the Breast like a 
 Heart & a Note left, giving the Reason. 
 
 Ocf 15*'' This afternoon General Gage arriv'd from New York 
 just before sunset when the Troops where drawn up in 
 the common to receive him & his Retennu, 17 dis- 
 charges from the field cannon was fir'd to honour him, 
 
 who 
 
 ' College Hall was Massachusetts Hall near the west entrance to the 
 University Yard. 
 
29 
 
 1/68 Oct'" 15''' who came in his Chariot & 4, his Aid de camps on 
 Horseback, all together with the Regiments made a 
 gallant Show ; Many disputes arose between the Gov- 
 ernor Council, Justices & Selectmen aboute Quartering 
 & Biliting the Troops. At last the General &c took 
 up som Houses & Stores ^ at a great price to quarter 
 them in — 
 
 1769 Janu'' We have had a great plenty this Fall, Fowls at 2/ P 
 
 pound turkes from 2/3 to 2/6, Pork from 20*^ to 2/ &c 
 Feb^ 17 All last month and the most of Dec"" was moderat till 
 
 Feb^ com in & then it come on Extreme Cold So that 
 Sled Loads of Wood &c past'd from Charleston to New 
 Boston, and by the 12 of Febu^' the people pas'd in 
 Numbers on the Ice over Charleston Ferry. 
 Febu^ 24 Uncommon fine warm Weather, 4 or 5 Days past, so 
 that the Ice in the Docks went of faster than it made 
 in the Extreme Cold Weather the i'* half of this month. 
 March 16 The Wind blew hard at South this afternoon ; and about 
 8 O'clock in the Evening it shifted to W. & W. N. W. 
 and blew a most Terable Gale all Night & the most 
 part of the Day folloing. This Morning we heard of 
 Deacon Lee's ^ Death: He Died last night pretty sud- 
 ently JE 90. The last of the Founders of our 
 Church.^ 
 
 Fine 
 
 * Mrs. Turrell says, " When the British Troops came here they were 
 lodged in a sugar-house in Brattle Square." 
 
 * Thomas Lee was the seventh signer of the agreement of the 24 
 members of the New North Church that seceded and formed the New 
 (Brick) Church of which he was made deacon and preceded Deacon 
 Tudor as treasurer. 
 
 * The New Brick Church on Hanover Street, called the Cockerel Church 
 on account of a weather-cock placed on the spire as a satire upon Rev. 
 Peter Thacher, who was the cause of the rupture. The church was also 
 
30 
 THE BOSTON MASSACRE. 
 
 1769 Septem' 
 Novem' 28 
 
 770 Febu'' 6 
 
 gth 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 March 
 
 Fine Weather, a plentyfull Summer. 
 Moderate Weather for the most part of the Fall, till 
 last Night, when it came on very Cold as it 'tis this 
 Morning 
 
 Extreme Cold Weather for more than three Weeks 
 past except 2 or 3 Days, but the Harbor in the Chanil- 
 way did not frees up the whole Time. There was num- 
 bers of people pasing from Boston to Charleston on 
 the Ice with sleds &c ; this Day a Gentleman from 
 Lynn Rode over from Charleston to Boston in his 
 shays, din'd with me & told me he Brought another 
 person with him in the shays, and that it seem'd as safe 
 Riding as on the Land. 
 
 An East Wind & som Raine the Ice breakeing up. 
 It Snow'd all Day very fast. About 10 O'Clock before 
 noon it was very Dark & soon follow'd Thunder. At 1 1 
 it Lyhten'd & hard Roling Thunder emeditty follow'd. 
 Very oncommon for the Time of the Year & Snowing 
 so very fast at the same Time. 
 
 (Sabbath) Extreem Cold. The Harbor was skim'd 
 over this morning with Ice ; it was all clear the Day be- 
 fore, but the Ebb Tide carid it off 
 
 Extreem Cold for 3 Days & 3 Nights past, this Day 
 fine weather & moderat 
 
 On Monday Evening the 5*^ current, a few Minutes 
 after 9 O'Clock a most horrid murder was committed 
 in King Street before the Customhouse ' Door by 8 or 9 
 
 Soldiers 
 
 known as the Revenge Church, and for a time this name was seriously 
 considered by the founders. 
 
 ' The Royal Custom House was on the corner of King (State") Street 
 and Crooked Lane, now Change Avenue. 
 
3' 
 
 [ 770 March Soldiers under the Command of Cap* Tho" Preston drawn 
 
 of from the Main Guard on the South side of the Town- 
 house 
 March 5"' This unhappy affair began by Some Boys & young 
 fellows throwing Snow Balls at the sentry placed at the 
 Customhouse Door. On which 8 or 9 Solders Came to 
 his assistance. Soon after a Number of people col- 
 ected, when the Cap' commanded the Soldiers to fire, 
 which they did and 3 Men were Kil'd on the Spot & 
 several Mortaly Wounded,' one of which died next 
 morning. The Cap' soon drew off his Soldiers up to 
 the Main Guard, or the Consequencis mite have been 
 terable, for on the Guns fiering the people were alarm'^ 
 & set the Bells a Ringing as if for Fire, which drew 
 Multitudes to the place of action. Lev' Governor 
 Hutchinson, who was commander in Chefe, was sent 
 for & Came to the Council Chamber, were som of the 
 Magistrates attended. The Governor desired the Mul- 
 titude about 10 O'clock to sepperat & go home peace- 
 able & he would do all in his power that Justice 
 shold be don &c. The 29 Rigiment being then under 
 Arms on the south side of the Townhouse, but the 
 people insisted that the Soldiers should be ordered 
 to their Barracks i'' before they would sepperat, 
 Which being don the people sepperated aboute i 
 O'clock. — Cap' Preston was taken up by a war- 
 rent given to the high Sherif by Justice Dania ^ 
 
 ' Patrick Carr died not long after the public funeral. There were 
 besides these five killed, six others badly wounded. 
 
 " Richard Dana was a Boston lawyer, graduated at Harvard College 
 in 1 71 8. Representative from Boston. 
 
32 
 
 1770 March s'** & Tudor' and came under Examination about 2 
 O'clock & and we sent him to Goal ^ soon after 3, 
 having Evidence sufficient, to committ him, on his 
 ordering the soldiers to fire : So aboute 4 O'clock the 
 Town became quiet. The next forenoon the 8 Soldiers 
 that fired on the inhabitants was allso sent to Goal, 
 Tuesday A. M. the inhabitants mett at Faneuil Hall & 
 after som pertinant speches, chose a Committee of 1 5 
 Gentlem" to waite on the Lev*. Governor in Council to 
 request the immediate removeal of the Troops. The 
 message was in these Words. That it is the unanimous 
 opinion of this Meeting, that the inhabitants & soldiery 
 can no longer live together in safety; that nothing can 
 Ratonaly be expected to restore the peace of the Town 
 & prevent Blood & Carnage, but the removal of the 
 Troops : and that we most fervently pray his Honor 
 that his power & influance may be exerted for their 
 instant removal. His Honor's Reply was. Gentlmen I 
 am extreemly sorry for the unhappy difference & espe- 
 cially of the last Evening & Signifieng that it was not 
 in his power to remove the Troops &c &c. 
 March The Above Reply was not satisfactory to the Inhabi- 
 
 tants, as but one Rigiment should be removed to the 
 Castle Barracks. In the afternoon the Town Adjourned 
 to Dr Sewill's Meetinghouse,^ for Fanieul Hall was 
 
 not 
 
 ' John Tudor, besides being overseer of the poor for ten years, was a 
 constable of the town 1738, fire-warden in 1752, warden in 1762, justice 
 of the peace from 1763, and Surveyor of wheat 1764 to '73, and modera- 
 tor at town meeting. 
 
 ^ This was probably the county jail, a stone building between the present 
 City Hall and Old Court House. 
 
 9 The Old South Church, 
 
33 
 
 i-j-jo March not larg enough to hold the people, their being at least 
 
 3,000, soni supos'd near 4,000, when they chose a 
 Committee to waite on the Lev', Governor to let him 
 & the Council Know that nothing less will satisfy the 
 people, then a total & immediate removal of the Troops 
 oute of the Town. — His Honor laid before the Council 
 the Vote of the Town. The Council thereon expressed 
 themselves to be unanimously of opinion that it was ab- 
 solutely Necessary for his Majesty service, the good order 
 of the Town &c that the Troops Should be immeditly 
 removed oute of the Town. — His Honor communicated 
 this advice of the Council to Col Dalrymple & desir'd 
 he would order the Troops down to Castle William. 
 After the Col. had seen the Vote of the Council He 
 gave his Word & honor to the Town's Committe that 
 both the Rigiments should be remov'd without delay. 
 The Com*"^ return'd to the Town Meeting & Mr Han- 
 cock, chairman of the Com''' Read their Report as above, 
 which was Received with a shoute & clap of hands, 
 which made the Meetinghouse Ring: So the Meeting 
 was dessoived and a great number of Gentlemen appear'd 
 to Watch the Center of the Town & the prison,' which 
 continued for 1 1 Nights and all was quiet again, as the 
 Soldiers was all moved of to the Castle. 
 March 8 (Thursday) Agreeable to a general request of the 
 
 Inhabitants, were follovv'd to the Grave- (for they 
 were all Buried in one) in succession the 4 Bodies of 
 Mess' Sam' Gray Sam' Maverick James Caldwell & 
 Crispus Attucks, the unhappy Victims who fell in the 
 
 Bloody 
 
 ' The prison on Queen Street. 
 
 * The four victims mentioned were buried in the Granary Burying- 
 ground on Tremont Street. 
 
34 
 
 I770 March 
 
 March 20 
 
 July 
 
 Sepf 
 Sep'' 10 
 
 Bloody Massacre. On this sorrowfull Occasion most 
 of the shops & stores in Town were shut, all the Bells 
 were order'd to toll a solom peal in Boston, Charles- 
 ton, Cambridge & Koxbcry, The several Hearses 
 forming" a junction in King Street, the Theatre of that 
 inhuman Tradgedy, proceeded from thence thro' the 
 main street,* lengthened by an immence Concourse of 
 people, So numerous as to be obliged to follow in Ranks 
 of 4 & 6 abreast and brought up by a long Train of 
 Carriages. The sorrow Visible in the Countenances, 
 together with the peculiar solemnity. Surpass descrip- 
 tion, it was suppos'd that the Spectators & those that 
 follow'd the corps amounted to 15000, som supposed 
 20,000. Note Capt Preston was tried for his Life on 
 the affare of the above Octob'" 24 1770. The Trial lasted 
 5 Days, but the Jury brought him in not Guilty.^ 
 Som part of this Month very Cold and we have had a 
 long and cold Winter, but not so mutch Snow in or 
 near Boston as in some Cold Winters past 
 A Fine growing Time, Beginning of August prety Dry, 
 but a fine time for makeing Hay 
 Fine growing Time 
 
 This afternoon the Town was surpriz'd by hearing that 
 Castle William in Boston Harbor was deliver'd up by 
 Tho^ Hutchinson Esq'' Leu^ Governor to the Kings 
 Troops of the 14*'' Ridgement Commanded by Col. 
 
 Dalrimple 
 
 ' The main street was probably King and Queen Streets, now State and 
 Court Streets, thence along Treamount (as then spelled) to the Granary. 
 
 John Adams and Daniel Webster both considered the Boston massacre 
 the beginning of the Revolution. 
 
 ^ Two of the soldiers tried afterwards were convicted of manslaughter, 
 and branded on the hand. 
 
35 
 
 GREAT STORM AND TIDE. 
 
 1770 Sep' 10 Dalrimple who had been from the 8 or 9 of March last 
 
 Quarter'd at said Castle.^ This Extreordenary step by 
 the Kings order was the More Surprizing as no person 
 heard of it till it was don 
 Sepf 30 (Sabbath-day morning) Aboute 6 O'Clock, died very 
 
 suddently at Newbury ^ of an Asthmatic fit allmost uni- 
 versally lamented, that Excelent man of God the Rev*". 
 Mr. George Whitefield^ in the 56 year of his Age. He 
 had been on a visit to Portsmouth, at which place and 
 at Kittery & York he had preach'd every Day last 
 Week, and was to have preach'd, the morning he died 
 at Newbury, on his return to Boston, had not this sor- 
 rowfull event taken place His body was buried under 
 Mr Parsons Meeting house at Newbury. Doc^ Eben 
 Pemberton preached his Funeral Sermon at the Thurs- 
 day Lecture Oct 1 1"', from i** Peter i^* & 4"' To an In- 
 heritance Reserved for you in Heaven. The sermon 
 was printed. 
 Satterday In the morning it blew hard & increased to a terrible 
 Octob*" 20 storm of Wind & Rain which brought in the Tide & Sea 
 till about I O'clock to a greater height than has been 
 known for 50 Years (which I well remember was on the 
 Sabbath day tho' I was then but aboute Eleven Years 
 old) The wind in this Storm of the 20*" was from N. E. 
 to N. N. E. Great damage was sustained by the Loss of 
 
 Sugars 
 
 ' The editor can find no mention of this surrender in any of the 
 histories. As Colonel Dalrymple held possession already, the transfer was 
 only official. 
 
 * Newburyport. 
 
 ^ Mr. Whitefield had lost much of his influence before his death. 
 
36 
 
 1770 Octob'' 20 Sugars Salt &c &c. Numbers of Cellars was full of 
 
 Water. Wharfs overflow'd, many tore to peices &c. So 
 that many thought the damage to this province alone 
 was one hundred Thousand pounds Sterling, as they 
 suffer'd greatly at Saylem, Marblehead, Plymouth &c. 
 Aboute an hower or two after high Water the Wind 
 veared to N. W. so that the night Tide was not so high 
 by 3 feet, the next Day moderat 
 Nov'" I 5 We have had fine Weather hetherto, no snow as yet, 
 
 provisions plenty 
 2o''' We have now 8 Men of War in the Harbor of Boston ; 
 besides arm'd Schooners, under the command of Como- 
 dore Gambier in the Salsbery of 50 Guns 
 
 1 77 1 Janu^'. 30 Fine moderat Weather perhaps as ever was Known. 
 
 No snow all the Fall & Winter in, or near Boston except 
 a little Sprinkling till this Day at noon, came on an 
 Easterly Snow storm, but not Cold ; plenty of allmost 
 every nesacary, particularly Fish 
 31 Cleared up Moderat. 
 Febu^'. 5*" came on Cold. 
 
 6*" Cold Morning. The first vapor we have had on the 
 
 Water this Winter, but no great. 
 14*'' Very Cold Yesterday. The Coldest Day we have had 
 all Winter, and last Night was the Coldest we have had, 
 for this morning the biggest part of the Harbor was 
 skim'd over, but the Tide cared it off, this last quarter 
 of the Moon it was very Windy uncomfortable Weather 
 almost every Day. The moon chang'd this Day at one 
 O'clock. 
 20*'' Extreem Cold all this Day 
 
 22'' Morning Very Cold, but chang with the quartering of 
 the Moon at 10 O'clock A. m. 
 
 2 days 
 
37 
 
 1 77 1 Febu-^". 24"' 2 Days clear & pleasent. 
 
 March 14 blustring Weather most of this Month 
 Thursday This Day was pubhshed his Majesty's Commissions ap- 
 March 14 pointing the Hon. Thos. Hutchinson Esq' Governor in 
 chief; and And"^ Oliver Esq''. Lieu*. Governor; The 
 Hon. Thos Fluker ^ Esq''' Commision was Red last 
 Monday appointing him Secretary. 
 April 18 Fast Day 8 or 9 Days past very Cold Westerly Winds 3 
 Nights, the first of this Week it frose hard, but this Day 
 it grew warmer towards Noon. 
 May, June, & July Fine groing Weather, 
 
 Aug 4 Sab'' Exceeding hot toDay & for a week past. 
 
 Novem*" Provisions & everything plenty except Cider, which was 
 
 sold Current at 4^ P Barrel, Cider only. A vast quan- 
 tity of English Goods imported this Summer & Fall as 
 the non-Importation^ was broke up first at New York 
 that had been com into in all the provinces for near two 
 Years past, on acc\ of the Revenew Acts being laid on 
 Tea Glass &c by the parlement at home. 
 Decem''. 2, 3 4 & 5 very Cold 
 
 6^^ last Night came on a Cold N. E. Storm of snow which 
 continu'd till 1 1 O'Clock this Day when the wind blew 
 at N. W. & very Cold 
 
 Extreem 
 
 'Thomas Fluker was representativefrom Boston, 1756-60. Was one 
 of those proscribed in 1778 and left with the British troops. He died in 
 England in 1783. His daughter married Henry Knox, afterwards General 
 Knox, in May, 1774, much against her father's will. Henry Knox was 
 noted at the time of the massacre for cautioning Capt. Preston against 
 firing on the citizens. 
 
 * The merchants and traders of Boston entered into an agreement in 
 August, 1768, not to import goods from Great Britain after Jan. i, 1770, 
 and further agreed in October, 1769, that no goods should be sent from 
 Boston until the revenue acts had been repealed, and so instructed the 
 Colony's agent in England. See Meml. Hist, of Boston, III., p. 29. 
 
 Errata in line i of note i, for "Fluker " read " Flucker." 
 
38 
 
 17/1 Deccm^ 24 Extreem Cold 
 
 27^" More Moderate 
 
 31"' 3 Days fine Weather. Provisions plenty. Six Men of 
 War Winters in the Harbor 
 1772 Febu^' 1 1& 12 Extreem Cold fine Sleding for 8 or 10 Days. 
 
 15 Very Cold. 
 
 17 very Cold in the morning, moderated P. m. 
 
 18 fine Day. 
 
 22**. fine Day & warm S. W. Winds 4 Days past which clear'd 
 the Harbor &c of all the Ice. The Winter which from 
 the begining of Decern^' has been prety sevear sem'd 
 to break up the 18 Inst and this 
 22*^ it Thundred hard several Times, about 3 & 4 in the 
 morning & uncommon Warm for the time ^-v Year. 
 March 5 More Winter still, for this Day a terable N. E. Snow 
 Storm. 
 6 Snow'd last Night, so that this Morning it was 18 
 
 Inches Deep on a level, and very Cold. 
 8*^ Sabbath fine Day 
 9'^ A Cold N. E. Snow Storm, A long Winter. Good 
 
 Sleding great part of the Winter. 
 11"* a N. E. Snow Storm 
 12*^ As much snow on the ground as there has been at one 
 
 time this 20 year & this Day very Cold Wes*^ Wind. 
 13 More Snow 
 14*'' & 15*^ Westerly Winds, Extreem Cold in the Night and Morn- 
 ings & Clear : a greate deal of Ice made in the night 
 for several Nights and as fine Sleding as in the middle 
 of Winter. 
 16*'' Extreem Cold last Night & this Morning a large Vapor 
 on the Harbor 11 O'Clock gros Warmer, S. W. wind. 
 
 This 
 
1772 March 16^ 
 
 March 19 
 21 
 
 24 & 25 
 29 
 
 April 2^ 
 
 Ap' 24 
 May 2 
 
 This Morning died my old faithfull Servant, a Negro 
 Man, that Lived with me about 34 Years, But the last 
 10 Years of his life he was Useless, more espesaly the last 
 7 Years. We supposed him to be between 90 & 100 
 Years Old. He Kept'd his bed, but one Day & Died very 
 easey. It 'tis remarkable throw the goodness of God, 
 tho' we have had a larg Famaly of Children & servants 
 for near 40 Years til of late, and never had till this 
 Morning, but one person that Died under my Roof: 
 my Sons & other Relations Died abroad. Bessed be 
 God for a helthy Famely & all other Merceys. 3^ 
 coffin.^ 
 A fine Day 
 
 a very Cold N. E. Snow Storm 
 
 This morning very Cold N. W. Wind. There fell yester 
 Day 6 Inches of Snow in about 10 Howcrs, & we had 
 a very high Tide, over all the Wharfes. So that we have 
 had 5 Snow Storms from the 5"' to the 20"' of March- 
 Fine Weather, the snow goes of ver gradually 
 Cold N. E. Storm & Rain We have had very bad 
 Weather all this month (2 or 3 Days excepted) as ever 
 I remember. 
 
 A Cold N. E. Storm (Fast Day) 
 
 Snow'd all last Night & the Storm continu's exceeding 
 bad, Snow's very fast 9 O'clock a. m. Snow 9 inches 
 deep on a Level 
 
 Cold raw Weather all of this Month except 2 or 3 Days 
 Very hot for 5 Days past. This Day the Blossoms 
 came oute fast, the Grass & everything in the Gardens 
 
 grew 
 
 ' This account of the death of the old servant was entered in another 
 portion of the Diary. 
 
40 
 
 1772 May 2 grew faster than ever I remember. Southerly Winds, 
 
 most of the Time. 
 
 May 8"' Raw cold 4 Days. 
 
 25 Groing Time 
 
 June 22'' very raw uncommon Cold for 6 or 7 Days past. Wind 
 from N. to N. E. & E. with small Rains & very un- 
 comfertable. 
 
 July Several hot Days and a drouth that shortned the crops 
 
 of Hay, but at the later part of the month the Raines 
 Came on, so that we have a pleaseing prospect 
 
 Aug"* 8 The beginning of this month fine Rains. On the Night 
 
 of this Day at ii & 12 O'Clock til about i we had the 
 most Terable Thunder & Lightning that we have had 
 for 20 years past, at one Time. The Lev* Governor 
 Oliver's House was struck with the Lightning, but little 
 damage don to that, or any other House, or person. 
 Blessed be God for preserving us & our dwellings, when 
 the Heavens & the Town for near 2 howers seem'd to be 
 in a Blaze, it rained very hard 
 
 Septem'' 21 A great number of Young Children have died in Boston 
 within a Month past of the Measles, but few grown 
 persons died of it, in general (except the Measles) it 
 has been a HeaUhy Summer 
 
 Sepf 30. The greatest part of this month has been vary Raw Cold, 
 N. E. Winds, & a great deal of Raine, the Brooks and low 
 Lands so full of Water that the like in Sepem''. I never 
 remember 
 
 Octo'". A great deale of wett Weather 
 
 28 Yesterday a N. E. Wind & a high Tide. Last night a 
 N. E, Storm, which continu'd till 10 or 11 O'Clock 
 this Day and very high Tide. The wind vear'd to the 
 
 North 
 
41 
 
 1772 Octo'' 28 North a little before high Water & so to N. W. by i 
 
 O'clock. 
 
 Nov"" This month has been prity favorable. In the i*' of it 
 
 Cider very plenty. A great deal sold for 30/ p Barrell 
 & allmost Every thing plenty, no Snow but a good deal 
 of Raine. 
 
 Dec''. 25 Christmas Day fine & moderat, no Snow till last Even- 
 
 ing, which was not above an Inch & Yz deep. This 
 Month so far has been very Moderat. A great favor, 
 as Wood has been dear from ^^7.10 to 8^ all this 
 Month. 
 
 1773 Janu''. 13 This is the i'* Cold Day we have had this Winter 
 
 14"' Snow fell about 4 or 5 Inches deep 
 15"' Cold 
 16 Fine & Moderat 
 
 27 A fine Day & very fine Slaying 4 or 5 Days past 
 Jan 28 Snowed from 8 to about 12 A. M. & turned to Raine for 
 
 aboute 2 Howers 
 Febu^. 9. Good sleding for 3 Weeks. Last Tues^ 3*^ was Extreem 
 Cold. 8 Monday Wind at W. & N. W. blew hard & 
 very Cold 9 Wind S. W. & more moderat. 
 Febu^' 21 (Sabbath Day) This Morning about 2 O'Clock a Fire 
 broke out in Sumners Joiners Shop neare the bottom of 
 Cole Lane,^ as the Wind was fresh at W. it soon com- 
 municated to other Buildings & Burnt 3 Dwelling- 
 Houses and several shops, the Flakes of Fire flew in 
 abundance over the center of the Town, so that it was 
 genarly thought the middle of the Town would in a few 
 howers have been laid in Ashes, but by Divine good- 
 ness we where marvilasly preserv'd — on this Day in 
 
 Servis 
 
 ' Cole Lane, now the south portion of Portland Street. 
 
42 
 
 1773 Febu-" 21 Servis time we was again alarin'd by fire, but it was soon 
 put oute, again at 5 p. m. this Day the Wind Sprung up 
 aboute 7, & by 8 & 10 O'Clock it blew exceeding hard 
 at W. & N. W. the whole Day & being extreem Cold & 
 a dry Time our fears on acd of Fire was very great. 
 Feb-' 22. Monday about ii O'clock we was alarm'd again by Mr 
 Ivers's ' House (Neare the above Fire) took fire, but by 
 the Activity of the Indine ^ men &c it was soon put 
 oute. 
 
 23 For 3 Days & Nights Extreem Cold. The Vapor was 
 on the Harbor all Sabbath Day and Monday it frose 
 the Harbor over. On Monday Night it was suppos'd 
 to be colder than we have had it for many Years 
 
 25 Moderated 
 
 28 Sabbath Day. Here is somthing Remarkable. Last 
 
 Sabbath was extreem cold & blew very hard at W. & 
 
 N. W., but this Sabbath the Weather was Soft & so 
 
 Warm that it was like a Summers Day, small Wind 
 
 aboute S. W. 
 
 Boston This day was Town meeting at Faneuil Hall, when the 
 
 March 8 1773 choice of Town Officers came on, The Honorable 
 
 John Hancock was chose Moderator &c. (I wrote the 
 
 above by MoonLight in the 64^^ Year of My Age 
 
 J. Tudor) 
 
 March 22 We have had much better Weather than we had last 
 
 March til this day, we had a Terable N. E. Snow Storm 
 
 all Day, This Day p. m. we where alarm'd by Fire. The 
 
 New Courthouse by a Defect, or a small hole that was 
 
 in the funel of the Chimney in the probate office [the 
 
 fire] 
 
 ' Perhaps James Ivers, warden of King's Chapel in 1 782. 
 * Indine = Engine. 
 
43 
 
 1773 March 22 
 
 June 
 
 June 30 
 Julys 
 
 August 
 Sepf 
 
 23 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 29 
 
 Sep"" 30 
 
 Octo"' 
 Novem'" 
 Dec'' 4 
 
 fire] got throw and burnt the Floor in the upper loft, 
 
 som of the VVinscut back of the Judges Seat &c. The 
 
 Chimney was sett on Fire to cleane it, which set the 
 
 parts in a blaze as aforesaid, but as spe'dy help was 
 
 nigh it was soon put oute, but in half an Our it would 
 
 have sett the whole roof in a blaze. The Books &c was 
 
 all removed from the Offices &c. 
 
 We have had a fine groing Season, a great crop of Hay 
 
 and a fine Time to get it in. 
 
 Begins to be Dry Weather 
 
 An extreem hot Day, A very dry Time, But one 
 
 Shower for 14 Days. Butter riseing in the price. 
 
 Aboute the midle & towards the later end of this 
 
 month som fine Showers that renew'd the face of the 
 
 Earth. 
 
 Prety dry. 
 
 But little Raine 
 
 Extreem hot Day for the season 
 
 very dry Time, many Brooks & Wells dry. Calm Weather 
 
 for many Da)'s 
 
 A fresh gale at S. & S. S. W. all Day and very warm 
 
 Very hot last night & this morning, for the season till 
 
 just before 1 1 O'clock the Wind shifted to N. W. & blew 
 
 fresh, so to N. & N. E. which soon brought on a fine 
 
 Raine. 
 
 Raine & so Cold, Wind about N., that there was a vapor 
 
 in the Harbor & Docks as at somtimes in Janu^. owing 
 
 to the are being colder than the Water ; All 
 
 fine Wether, ^ Day or 2 Exc*^ 
 
 Fine Weather most of this month, provisions plenty 
 
 Fine warm Weather continu's 
 
 Fine 
 
44 
 
 DESTRUCTION OF THE TEA. 
 
 1773 Dec' 19 Fine moderat Weather continued, till this morning 
 
 som snow & cold & raw with frost. 
 
 Note. The Body of the people of Boston and numbers 
 from the neighbouring Towns have lately mett at the 
 Old South Meeting house (Faneuil Hall, not being so 
 large as to contain the people) Supos'd to be from 5 to 
 6,000, and having Several meetings, conserning a Large 
 quantity of Tea shipt'd from London by the East India 
 Company Subject to a Duty payable in America. This 
 16^'' Decern'' meeting was adjourned to the P. m. and after finding 
 all methods failed, with those men to whom the Tea was 
 consigned,^ to send it back from whence it came, 
 dissolved their meeting. But Behold what followed. 
 A number of Resolute men^ in less than 3, some 
 say 2 hours time, Emtied Every Chest of Tea, on 
 Board the 3 Ships Commanded by Captains Hall, Bruce 
 & Coffin,^ into the Sea, amounting to 342 Chests with- 
 out the least damage to the Ships, or other property.* 
 This Tea was worth 'tis said at least 25,000. £ sterling, 
 
 as 
 
 ' The consignees were Elisha and Thomas Hutchinson, brothers of 
 the Governor, Richard Clark and Sons, Benjamin Faneuil, Jr., and Joshua 
 Winslow, 
 
 ^ Only the names of a few of these, and not until long after, were ever 
 known, even to the patriot leaders. This plan of dealing with the ob- 
 noxious tea was probably arranged long before, and the Indian disguise 
 was a most effective concealment of their identity. 
 
 ^ Capt. James Hall commanded the " Dartmouth," that arrived first 
 on November 28th, of which Francis Roach was the owner; and Capt. 
 James Bruce commanded the "Eleanor," and Hezekiah Coffin the brig 
 " Beaver," which arrived a few days later. 
 
 ■• The three ships were moored at Griffin's Wharf, now Liverpool 
 Wharf, near the foot of Pearl Street. See " Gazette " of 6 December, 1773. 
 
45 
 
 1/73 1 6*'' Decern'' as a great deal of it was green Tea. It was all di- 
 stroycd, with as little noise as perhaps anything of the 
 like nature was ever don in the Evening and all over 
 & quiet by 8 O'Clock 
 Dec' 25 Satterday. Moderat till 3 O'clock P. m. when the Wind 
 
 sprung up S. E. & by 6. in the evening blew very hard 
 with Raine, till 4 or 5 in the morning, when it Shifted 
 to the South & blew exceeding hard till about 2, 
 when it Shifted to West & blew so extreem hard that 
 'twas difecult for the women to go to meeting; and 
 continued till sundown, when it began to abate. 
 1774 Janu^'. 10 Came on extreem cold which continued 3 Days, but as 
 it was full Tides the Harbor was not frose up. 
 14'** More moderate. Fine sleding, provision plenty. The 
 
 best of pork @ 2/ 
 15 Last night Snow'd so, that by 9 O'clock this morning 
 it was 14 Inches on a level, which with what was on the 
 ground before made it aboute 20 Inches 
 iS**" It has snow'd every day at times for a Week past 
 31 Still Cold, fine sleding for 200 miles to the Westward 
 as Travelers tell us and Snow in general 3 feet deep. 
 This Janu^'. for the most part has been very Cold. 
 Febu^ I fine moderat Day 
 
 12 Raine at Night turn'd to snow. 
 
 13 Snow'd & fell 8 Inches So that we have now 3 or 4 
 Snows laying on the ground. 
 
 14 In the morning extreem cold 
 15*'' Ditto, fine sleding. 
 
 March 8 Fine Day. Prety good Weather this month so far. 
 
 18 Prety good Weather this month 11 O'clock A.m. 
 Small Wind about N. Snows very fast. 
 
 This 
 
46 
 
 1774 April 19 This Day moved from Boston to Cambridg with my 
 famaly, Goods &c, into the House ^ that I bought of 
 Mr James Bryant the 29 of last Novem"" 
 
 May 4 This afternoon it grew very Cold for the time -^ Year 
 
 5 Thursday morning at Sunrize Extreem Cold for the 
 
 season. There was so great a horefrost last night as 
 ever was Know at this time --^ Year. It was the opinion 
 of many that the apples & other frute would be cut off 
 by this frost. And so it turned oute. Almost all the 
 apples was lost, cherry's & peaches (a very few excepted) 
 was all cut oft" 
 
 June A fine season for Grass. 
 
 July A. fine crop of Hay. It sold for 15/ p hundred & before 
 
 July was out sold for 12,^6 
 
 August i'^ 60 Days have expired since Boston Harbor was shut up 
 by that inhuman act of the British parlement called the 
 Boston Port Bill.^ Took place on June the first and 
 which has been carred into Execution with all the 
 Rigour, that the Fleet & army could exercise, by Gov- 
 ernor Gage,^ who was the General with 5 regiments & 
 Admiral Graves with 5 or 6 Men-of-War & 4 commis- 
 sioners. 
 
 • This house is still standing near the top and on the south-east side of 
 Nonantum Hill, Brighton. 
 
 ' The act closing the Port of Boston was signed by the King on the 
 31st March to go into effect June first following. The first news was 
 received on the loth May. On the 13th the town meeting passed a vote 
 asking all the other colonies to join in severing all commercial intercourse 
 with Great Britain. 
 
 ' On the day of this meeting General Gage arrived in Boston and was 
 well received. He ordered the General Court to meet in Salem after June 
 first, where, on the 17th of June, the five delegates to the Continental 
 Congress, to meet at Philadelphia on September first, were elected before 
 the Court was dissolved by Gage's order. 
 
47 
 
 BOSTON PORT CLOSED. 
 
 1774 August i'^ sioners. Most Consistently cruel has the British legis- 
 lators acted in employing those fit Instruments of 
 Tyranny to inforce the most inhumain Act that ever 
 disgraced an English Senate, or distress'd a Loyal a 
 vertuous & I will say (for I Know it) an innocent 
 People (a few excepted) It would take up pages to 
 describe the various hardships Boston now groans 
 under. I therefore leave them to the honest Historian, 
 of American Annals to tell the dismal story to pos- 
 terity: and whil'st the Shameful Story rouses their 
 Indignation of the treatment of their Ancestors, may it 
 inspire them with Virtue & with Patriotism: May 
 they animate each other by the recolection of what 
 their Fathers sufifer'd for Freedom, & never part with 
 this noble boon of Heaven, but with Life. Note. Let 
 it never be forgotten the Genouras & noble Colections & 
 donations ^ that were rais'd and given by the Neibour- 
 ing Governments & Towns ^ for the Releafe of the poor 
 & distress'd inhabitants of Boston on the cruel Treet- 
 ment as above 
 August 8 Extreem dry for 15 Days past, except i shower of ^ 
 hower 
 17 ditto, till near 5 P. M. when it Rain'd fast & continu'd 
 all Night & till 6 nex morning, by 11 fine Day. — 
 Blessed be God for this favor of Raine, for the corn & 
 grass was in a Malencoley way. 
 
 A 
 
 ' A record of donations received has been preserved in the Boston 
 town records. 
 
 ^ All the colonies sent contributions, from even as far south as Charles- 
 ton, South Carolina. 
 
[Mfwepaper Cutting.] 
 
 BOSTON IN NEW ENGLAND. 
 The following is a List of the Squadron 
 in North America under Command of 
 Adm. Graves : 
 
 Zi 
 
 SHIPS 
 
 COMMANDERS 
 
 GUNS 
 
 MEN 
 
 1 
 
 V 
 
 Preston 
 
 Vice Adm. Graves > 
 Capt. J. Robinson S 
 
 5° 
 
 300 
 
 3 
 
 Somerset 
 
 Edward L. Cras 
 
 68 
 
 520 
 
 o 
 
 Asia 
 
 George Vandeput 
 
 64 
 
 520 
 
 
 Boyne 
 
 Brod. Hartwell 
 
 64 
 
 520 
 
 1 
 
 Tartar 
 
 Edward Medows 
 
 28 
 
 160 
 
 1 
 
 Mercury 
 
 John MaCartney 
 
 24 
 
 130 
 
 "3 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 William Maltby 
 
 24 
 
 130 
 
 
 Fowey 
 
 George Montagu 
 
 24 
 
 130 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Lively 
 
 Thomas Bishop 
 
 20 
 
 130 
 
 f g 
 
 Scarborough 
 
 A Barclay 
 
 20 
 
 130 
 
 1= ^ 
 
 Rose 
 
 Thomas Wallace 
 
 20 
 
 130 
 
 (^ l! 
 
 Tamar 
 
 Edw. Thornborough 
 
 16 
 
 100 
 
 o S 
 
 Swan 
 
 James Ayscough 
 
 14 
 
 100 
 
 a S 
 
 King-Fisher 
 
 James Montagu 
 
 14 
 
 100 
 
 
 Cruizer 
 
 Tyringham Howe 
 
 8 
 
 60 
 
 IH 
 
 Savage 
 
 Hugh Bromadge 
 
 8 
 
 60 
 
 N '-y 
 
 Gaspee 
 
 William Hunter 
 
 6 
 
 30 
 
 bo ui 
 
 Schooner Diana Thomas Graves 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 o § 
 
 Magdalen 
 
 Lieut Collins 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 5 'S 
 
 St. John 
 
 William Grant 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 ^ -5 
 
 Halifax ' 
 
 Joseph Nunn 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 '1 I 
 
 Hope 
 
 George Dawson 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 -i3 
 
 Diligence 
 
 Jona Knight 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 
 Canceaux ( 
 arm'd Ship ' 
 
 
 
 
 1 I, 
 
 Lieut S. Mowatt 
 
 6 
 
 45 
 
 <1 S^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 502 3,475 
 
 Donations received since four last rom M' David 
 Hoar, of Cambridge, 10 Poonds of sage and 10 
 Pounds of baum, dry'd from Pennsylvania, 150 
 barrels of Flour. 
 
1774 
 
 . August 1 8 
 
 
 Sepf 
 
 2 
 
 
 Sep^ 
 
 3'' 
 
 
 Oct'- 
 
 2 I 
 27 
 28 
 
 
 Nov*' 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 i8 
 
 49 
 
 A new face upon the Earth 
 
 friday. Very hot dry Weather several Days past, but at 
 
 5 P. m. came on hard Thunder & Lightning with a great 
 
 Shower 
 
 It Rain'd plentifully all last Night. 
 
 Another fine raine most of the Day 
 
 Very dry & dusty 
 
 A fine Raine last Night & this Morning 
 
 fine Weather for 3 Weeks, plenty of provisions, 
 
 fine warm Weather continues 
 
 fine Raine last night & warm Raine & foggy this 
 
 morning 
 
 fine Weather stil 
 
 fine warm Raine 
 
 fine Weather this fall, but a dry season for near 2 
 
 months till Tuesday morning 15 when it Thunderd & 
 
 Lightned hard before day 16'*^ A plenty of Raine but 
 
 this 18*^^ in the morning a small snow & cold, but clear'd 
 
 off by 10 moderat, but at 4 P. M. wind shifted to 
 
 N. W. from the W. & by S. & blew hard and Cold & at 
 
 7 it snowed very fast but soon stop'd but it blew hard & 
 
 Cold all night. 
 
 19 Blew fresh & cold all Day wind W. & in N. W. 
 21 Blow'd hard J. Stanly ^ lost in this storm 
 
 Dec"". 4 Sabbath fine Day, uncommon warm 
 
 20 Clear & Cold 
 
 Snow 
 
 ' Deacon Tudor's oldest grandson and son of Capt. Thomas Stanly and his 
 wife Mary (Tudor) Stanly, the Deacon's oldest daughter. Young Stanly was 
 at that time eighteen years old, and was on a brig commanded by Capt. Chas. 
 Acworth bound to Boston from Newfoundland. The brig went ashore 
 near Cape Ann, and one other man besides the Captain and young Stanly 
 were drowned. 
 
 Errata in line 4 from bottom, fof four last rom " read " our last from ". 
 Errata in line 3 from bottom of text, for " J. Stanly " read " T. Stanly ". 
 
775 
 
 Jan' 
 
 lO 
 20 
 
 
 Febu- 
 
 ' I 
 
 lO 
 
 20 
 
 21 & 
 
 22 
 
 
 March i6 
 
 50 
 
 1774 Dec''. 22 Snow 
 
 23 Cold 
 
 28 Still cold and this morning came on a cold N. E. Snow 
 Storm which continued all Day 
 
 29 Cold N. Wind. Snow'd last night so that 'tis 15 Inches 
 deep 
 
 fine sleding several Days 
 fine Day & moderat Weather all this month 
 fine Day. All Janu-"" very moderat weather 
 fine Weather & moderat, till this Day, when it blew 
 fresh at E'' & at 1 1 O'Clock began to Snow 
 fine Weather & uncomon Warm. 
 
 Fast day, which was apointed by the provincial Con- 
 gress ' which sat at Cambridg. No General Court has 
 been call'd since it 'twas desolv'd last June by Governor 
 Gage.^ This Fast Day was not kept by the Church of 
 England as it was not apointed by the Governor &c as 
 
 March 16 formerly. We have had fine warm Weather for 3 or 4 
 Weeks past till this Evening it Rain'd & snov/'d but 
 Warm for the season. The weather has been so fine 
 and warm that in 3 or 4 days past the pasturs in 
 many places is as green as at som times it has been the 
 V^ April 
 17 Morning snows fast, by 9 O'clock 5 Inches deep on a 
 level. 
 
 April 5 Uncomon dry weather, ever sence the 19 March, for the 
 
 time 
 
 ' The Governor had called the General Court to meet on the 5th 
 October, 1774, but had changed his mind on the 28th September and 
 dissolved it. On the 7th October, however, the delegates had organized 
 themselves as the Provincial Congress. 
 
 ' This was an error. There had been no meeting of the General Court 
 since June 17 until called again by the Governor in the autumn. 
 
51 
 
 THE LEXINGTON SKIRMISH. 
 
 1775 April 5 time of the Year, til this morning a N. E. storm of 
 
 Snow, which fell very fast, that by 8 O'CIock A. m. it 
 was 5 Inches deep 12 began to stop after it had snow'd 
 fast from 10 to 11 
 
 12 A terable Storm of snow & Raine. Wind ab' East & 
 
 cold 
 
 19 fine Weather, but terable News from Lexinton, just 
 
 after 6, this morning we had a rumer that the 1000, 
 some said 1200^ Regular solders, that marched oute of 
 Boston privately last night had kil'd 30 men'^ of s*^ 
 Lexenton who where exercising: by 7 that there was 
 but 6: by 9, but 3 & 3 wounded: that the regulars 
 were gon to Concord &c &c. Rumor on Rumor: men 
 & horses driveing post up & down the Roads ; by 10 that 
 the News got to Boston by 7, By 10 we heard of 2 or 
 3 ridgements marching from Boston under the command 
 of lord Percy, with field peices, to get to the Asistance 
 of those who where fiting with our people of Concord, 
 Lexinton &c. By 1 1 we hear'd [that] Percy's troops ^ 
 took Old CamM Road, that they where 1000 at least; 
 people were in great perplexity, Women in distress for 
 
 their 
 ' The original force was 800 men, under command of Col, Francis 
 Smith. This whole force would have been destroyed or captured had not 
 Percy come to their assistance when they were entirely demoralized; and he 
 could not have reached them in time had he not been given proper direc- 
 tions by a too truthful patriot ; nor would he if the orders given to the 
 town officers to destroy the bridge across the Charles river had been carried 
 out, 
 
 * The actual loss of the Americans was 51 killed, ^;^ wounded, and 4 
 missing; total, 88. 
 
 ■* Percy's account in a private letter gives his losses as 66 killed, 172 
 wounded, and 23 missing; total, 261, including 18 officers. 
 
52 
 
 SEIGE OF BOSTON. 
 
 1775 April 19 their husbands & frends who had march'd arm'd after 
 them on the i^'& 2^^ rumor —By 3 & 4 P. m. the contry 
 was all in Arms for many miles round [and it was 
 rumored] that the regulars was on the retreat &c &c ; 
 by 5 that many where kil'd on boath sides &c. By 6 the 
 firing was hear'd on the Hills & the smoke seen near 
 my House ^ on s"^ Hills. By 7 they were drove by our 
 gallent Cuntremen near to Charleston Neck, on Charles- 
 ton, Hill the Genarl (Gage) had planted som canon 
 on 5^ Hill to preserve his Troops in their retreet ; here 
 our people halted very prudently as s*^ Cannon mite have 
 kil'd many & night coming on put an end to this terable 
 days work. 
 20*'' All confution, Numbers of Carts &c carreing of Goods 
 &c, as the rumer was that if the solders came oute 
 again they would burn Kill & destroy all as they 
 march'd, for they, when they began to retreet yesterday 
 sett several Houses & Barns on Fire, distroy'd & stole a 
 numer of Goods, Money, Plate &c &c. 
 22"* Boston Shut up. No persons allow'd to come oute & 
 our army at Roxbery Suffer'd none to go in, so that the 
 people in Boston Suffer'd greatly for want of fresh pro- 
 vision, milk &c but by the 25, 26 &c people was per- 
 mitted by a pass from Governor Gage to com oute,^ but 
 
 not 
 
 ' From the top of Nonantum Hill, Brighton, close to the Deacon's 
 house, there is a fine view of the valley of Charles river and the hills 
 beyond Cambridge. 
 
 2 General Gage had issued an order that on depositing their arms, any 
 of the citizens might leave the town. A great number of arms of various 
 kinds were deposited under this order; but Gage, having secured these, 
 decided not to allow those suspected of patriot sympathies to leave, as he 
 thought their presence might prevent bombardment. 
 
53 
 
 1775 Ap' 22'' not sufifer'd to bring oute any provision, or Merchandise 
 
 whatever. For as the report is the Admiral (Graves) 
 claimes a Right, as plunder, to all merchandise &c, on a 
 Supposition that the people are in Rebelion & should 
 be treated as Rebels, as he and som others call 'Em. 
 By the best account we have at present, the nomber of 
 our people kill'd in the ingagement on the 19^'' was 
 about 40 & those of the Kings Troops in Kill'd wounded 
 & taken was at least 140, later accounts say 300.' But 
 I forbare at present a farther Ace* & leave it to som 
 faithfuU Historian to tell the dismal story to posterity. 
 On the 29"' My Daughter Savage ^ with three of her 
 Children took their flight from Boston to my House 
 [in the] upper part [of] Camb^ for saftey, two of my 
 Daughter Thompson's ^ [Children] from Brookline was 
 with us before, many others who can gett a pass are 
 dayly leaving Boston, from those terable times, Good 
 Lord deliver us. 
 
 [Passes] 
 
 1775 May 20 Permit Deacon Tudor & Lady & Mr 
 Thompson to Pass the main Guard 
 
 (Roxbery) Jno. Hopkins Sec^ 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 ' See above. The British loss was 261. Snow (History of Boston) 
 gives the loss as 273. 
 
 ^ Elizabeth (Tudor) Savage, the Deacon's youngest daughter, marriej 
 to Hal)ijah Savage. 
 
 ■^ Jane (Tudor) Thompson, the Deacon's second daughter, married to 
 William Thompson. 
 
54 
 
 1775 Ap' 22^' (Cambridge May 1775) 
 
 Permit John Tudor Esq to pass the Guards from Head 
 
 Quarters and repass 
 
 1775 May J. Ward Secretary 
 
 (Such were the times that no person was admitt®*^ to 
 pass unless he had such a permit) 
 
 May 12 My son W" took his flight, & broke from Boston by the 
 
 roundabout way of Point Sherly ' 
 13 My son Savage^ got to my House with his Daughter 
 
 Debby^ and Pegy CooHdge '' P. m. Satterday, by virtue 
 of a pass, with a Wagon full of his housel Goods & 
 some Bacon secreted, for no provision was in those 
 Arbretary times alow'd [nor] by the Governor &c per- 
 mitt'd to be brought oute, nor any merchandise or 
 licuars of any kind, those (as is suppos'd) is design'd 
 for a preay or booty for the Officers & Soldiers, Admeral 
 &c of the Fleet, who call the Inhabitants of the town & 
 Province Rebbels and say they shall be treeted as such. 
 17 This evening between 8 & 9 O'Clock a fire broke oute 
 
 in 
 
 ^ This was probably just before the seizure of all the boats by General 
 Gage. 
 
 * Habijah Savage, a Boston merchant, who after the death of his wife 
 Elizabeth (Tudor) Savage, in 1788, became deranged, and never recov- 
 ered, though he lived many years later. 
 
 ^ Deborah Savage was the fourth child, born 2d March, 1772. 
 
 * Margaret Cooledge was a widow, who resided with, and a friend of, 
 Deacon- Tudor's family for many years. See account of her death at end 
 of April, 1780. 
 
55 
 
 THE NODDLE'S ISLAND AFFAIR. 
 
 1775 May 17 in the Barracks of the 65"' regiment on the south side 
 
 of the Town Dock ' in Boston occasioned by a sergant 
 deHvering oute Cartridges to the souldiers by Candle- 
 light, a spark from the Candle set fire to s'^ Cartridges. 
 The building was soon in a blaze. Upon the discovery 
 the Troops beat to arms, which being unusual on such 
 occasions, caused great Consternation amongst the in- 
 habitants. Som inhabitants repair'd to the Engine 
 houses as usual, but to their surprize were told the 
 Engines were not to be diliver'd withoute an order 
 from the General, (he having a few Days before took 
 them under his care). By this delay the fire got to so 
 great a height as put it oute of the power of the people 
 .speedily to stop it. It raged till near 3 O'Clock next 
 morning, in which time all the Barracks on the dock, 
 with a number of Ware houses, about 30 in number 
 were entirely consumed with merchandise to a great 
 value; The merchandise was cheefly taken oute of the 
 stores & put upon the Wharf, & mite have been saved, 
 had not Admeral Graves in a tiranecal manner som time 
 before taken every Boat from the Town, & at the 
 time of the fire cruelly refused any Assistance. It was 
 the opinion of the inhabitants that if the engines had 
 been in their hands as formerly, or [if they] could have 
 got them in season, the fire might have been stopped at 
 the first barrack. — The Warehouses & merchandize 
 consumed, 'tis thought amounts to 25,000. £ Sterling. 
 May 27 P. m. A number of the Massachusetts Forces v/ith a 
 
 party 
 
 ' The Town Dock was an open basin of water near where Quincy 
 Market now stands. 
 
56 
 
 5 May 27 party of the New-Hampshire forces, in all about 600 were 
 
 attempting to bring off the stock upon Hog Island,' and 
 about 30 or 40 upon Noddle's Island,^ were doing the 
 same about a 100 Regulars landed upon the last men- 
 tion'd & fired on our men without hurting one of them, 
 our men soon return'd the fire and the Regulars run off- 
 But more coming from the Men-of-War our people put 
 off & got safely back to Hog Island. The Regulars began 
 to fire briskly by platoons upon our people, at the same 
 time, an armed Schooner with a number of Barges 
 from the Men-a-War, came up to Hog Island to pre- 
 vent our people's getting off s'^ Island ; w'^" she could 
 not effect : after this several Barges where towing her 
 back as there was little Wind and flood [tide] against 
 her, our people made a heavy fire of small Arms on the 
 Barges and two 3 pounders Coming up to their assist- 
 ance began to play on the schooner &c, & soon obliged 
 the Barges to quit her (for she got aground on Wini- 
 simet ferry ways) and after the tide was partly gon off, 
 our people set her on fire in the midst of the Barges 
 crue, that kept a constant fire on our people to prevent 
 it, after s'^ Schooner burnt to the Waters edg, our 
 people got all her Guns &c. that was not destroyed by 
 the fire, a great quantity of Cloaths^ &c, 'tis said to the 
 value of 300. £ SterK This affare lasted all Satterday 
 evening & Night & part of Sundy A. m., the stock 
 was by our people all taken off Hog-Island, & som 
 
 from 
 
 ' Hog Island is now called Breeds Island. 
 
 ' Noddle's Island, now East Boston. 
 
 2 It is not quite apparent how these supplies could have been taken out 
 after the burning of the vessel, though all the accounts of the time men- 
 tion it thus. The schooner was probably stripped and then burned. 
 
57 
 
 1/75 May 27 from Nod' Island; ^ to prevent them from being taken, 
 
 or falling into the hands of the Army & Fleet.^ — Per- 
 haps history cannot furnish us with a more Miracu- 
 lous interposition of divine providence. Although our 
 Enemies kept a hot fire, both from their Cannon 
 & small arms, yet we had not one Man killed & but 
 three Wounded, neither of them mortal, the Rev'' Mr. 
 Tacher,3 minester of Maiden, & judg Cushings '^ grand- 
 son, who where boath in the above engagement, gave 
 me the above ace* of the Battle. 'Tis suppos'd that 
 there was at least 150 Soldiers & seamen kil'd by our 
 people, our peoples heads was not only cover'd in the 
 Day, but allso in the night of Battle. Salvation be 
 ascribed to New England's God. 
 
 as 
 
 ' Noddle's Island. 
 
 "^ This account of the skirmish follows the local accounts of the period, 
 and was apparently derived from an on-looker. The small loss on the 
 Provincial side shows the bad shooting of the British troops, and this was 
 usually the case in later battles, where the loss of the British was always 
 heavy as compared with the Americans, This skirmish and removal of 
 the cattle was managed under the orders of General Putnam, who received 
 great credit for the admirable outcome of the affair. 
 
 ^ Rev. Peter Thacher was born at Milton, 21 March, 1752; graduated at 
 Harvard College in 1769; was elected minister at Maiden in 1770; elected 
 minister to Brattle-street Church, Boston, in January, 1785; was for 
 fifteen years Chaplain to the General Court of Massachusetts; died at 
 Savannah, Ga., 16 December, 1802. Was noted for his eloquence. 
 
 * This was John Gushing, the father of Justice William Gushing, who 
 was one of the judges at the trial of those concerned in the Boston 
 Massacre. 
 
58 
 
 THE BATTLE OF BUNKER (BREED'S) HILL. 
 
 1775 June 17 as terable a Day as ever I saw, for Yesterday Gen' 
 
 Satterclay, Putnam' (a gallant man from Connec') was intrenching 
 on Bunkers Hill ~ at Charleston, when a number of Men- 
 of-War haled up near s'' Town to cover the landing of 
 the regular Troops, about 3,000. with doble officers to 
 command them against Putnams men, about 800. when 
 [news of] the affair got to Cambridge where the Ameri- 
 cans were incampt'd Gen: Ward^ sent 1,000. Men to 
 assist our brave Men, but they came to late,* for the 
 regulars had got posesion of the Hill, 'tho' our people 
 fought like herows & kil'd princaple officers 92 — Sar- 
 gents 102, Corporals 100 & privats 753 in all 1047, 
 besides a great number wounded many of whome died,^ 
 So that they got the Hill at a terable dear rate 1047 
 killed 445 wounded, 1492 killed & wounded: our 
 people lost but 108 killed, 292 wounded, in all 400.^ 
 
 The 
 
 ' This appears an error. Putnam was a subordinate in this battle 
 Colonel Prescott having chief command, though Putnam had charge of 
 building the breastworks on Bunker Hill, where he tried in vain to make 
 a last stand. 
 
 ^ Named after George Bunker, the greatest land-owner in Charlestown, 
 who died in 1664. The error in naming the battle after Bunker Hill is 
 not quite clear, except that being the highest hill it was naturally supposed 
 that it had been chosen for defence. The whole battle was confined to 
 Breed's Hill, which Gridlej' the engineer planned for defence. 
 
 ^ Gen. Artemas Ward was then in command of all the Provincial forces 
 near Boston. 
 
 ■• The reinforcements did not come too late, but they did not succeed in 
 crossing the Charlestown neck on account of the British fleet and batteries, 
 which swept this place, though the retreating Provincials do not appear to 
 have suffered greatly in crossing. 
 
 * The actual loss of the British was 1,054 killed and wounded, including 
 157 officers, many of whom were shot by their own men. 
 
 ^ The Americans lost 420 killed and wounded, and 30 prisoners. 
 
59 
 
 1775 J""e 17 
 Satterday, 
 
 July 13 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 The Regul'"^ lost near 10 to i. about 2 O'Clock on s'' 
 day the Men-of-War & there Boats-crew began to sett 
 the Town of Charleston on fire,^ and by 5 I saw the 
 whole Town in flames : it contain'd 300 dweling Houses, 
 besides Stores, shops &c 
 
 My son W" was this Day^ at Cambridge apointed Judg 
 Advocate to the Continental Army, which we hear Con- 
 sists of 35 Rigiments^ 
 
 The Representetives mett atWatertown for the Election 
 of Counciler's, & a Sermon was preach'd by Mr Gordin * 
 from 
 
 This day was Kept'd as a Day of Prayer, & Fasting 
 throw the Contenent on account of the times, 'tis said 
 this is the i^* time the Collonys ever united to Keep 
 such a Day at the same time. — It was agreed on last 
 Month by the Contenential Congress setting at Philadelp'a 
 
 Lection-day 
 
 ' The town was fired Ijy red-hot shot from Copp's Hill in Boston, where 
 the British had a battery. Little credit appears to have been given the 
 British soldiers for courage in this battle, even their officers accusing them 
 of cowardice. Considering, however, the terrible fire of the Americans, by 
 which one company of the Fifty-second Regiment was wholly destroyed, 
 and that of the British troops nearly half of those engaged were killed or 
 wounded, and that some of them charged more than three times, one can 
 but conclude that they were as courageous as men can ever be. 
 
 ■■'This was ten days after General Washington had taken command of 
 the troops at Cambridge. The appointment was not confirmed until July 29. 
 
 •* Contemporary accounts give the number of Provincial troops at this 
 time under the command of General Ward as 14,000, of which 9,000 were 
 Massachusetts men. 
 
 '' Rev. William Gordon was born atHitchin, Hertfordshire, England, in 
 1730; came to America in 17 70; received honorary degree of A. M. at 
 Harvard College in 1772, and at Yale College in 1773; ordained minister 
 of the Third Church, Roxbury, in 1772, and made Chaplain to Provincial 
 Congress of Massachusetts. Returned to England in 1786, and published 
 a history of the United States there in 1 788. Died at Ipswich, October^ 
 1807. 
 
6o 
 
 THE AMERICANS BOMBARD THE TOWN. 
 
 1775 July 19 Lection-day, there was 209 Representatives return'd to 
 
 sett in the Court ; They chose 28 counsellors. By the 
 Newspaper, Watertown July 24*^ there was an account 
 of 266 towns & districts in the Province ^ Massac^. Bay, 
 many small Towns sent no Represn^'. many sent too 
 
 August I We have had a very dry Summer, except a few Showers 
 Hay fell short, but a plenty of all kinds of frute & a 
 good Crop of Indian Corn in Octo''. 
 
 Novem"" 1 1 A great deale of Rain within 6 Weeks, but no Snow 
 and but little Cold Weather 
 
 For 3 days past very Cold, & this morning Came on a 
 cold N. E. Storm & snow 
 Very cold 
 
 Extreem Cold for the time o ^ Year, we have had but 
 little Snow this Winter at or near Cambridge and none 
 above 3, or 4 Inches deep as yet 
 
 Satterday night about 11 O'Clock the Bum Batterys 
 from Prospect HilP & Leachmor's Point ^ began to fire 
 their bums & shot against Boston, & Bunkers hill 
 (which was boath ocupied by the Regulars) which con- 
 tinued on boath sides the best part of the Night. 
 
 Sundythe 3^ We hear'd fireing Several times, and in the Evening 
 went at it again 
 
 The 4'" Aboute 7 O'Clock our people began from all parts to 
 
 fire most terably at Boston (as afterwards we hear'd) to 
 draw the Enemis attention towards our firing, while our 
 
 people 
 
 ' In So nerville, about one and a half miles west of Bunker Hill. This 
 hill, and Winter Hill one mile further west, had been fortified by General 
 Putnam before W.. si. ington's arrival at Cambridge. 
 
 *Leachmere's Point was between the two lower Cambridge bridges, 
 nearest the East Cambridge bridge on the west side of Charles River. 
 
 Dec'". 24 
 
 1776 Feb 29 
 March i 
 
 March 2' 
 
6i 
 
 THE BRITISH AND TORIES EVACUATE. 
 
 1776 March 4"' people to a great number of men & Teams &c took 
 possession of two Hills ^ at Dorchester, Aboute 7 P. m. 
 just as night came on & began to erect a strong brest- 
 work, or forts, which they compleated before Sunrise, 
 when the Generals, Admiral &c discover'd [this] in the 
 morning they were Struck with surprize (& as we hear'd 
 said the Divel must help the Yankey's as they call us.) 
 
 5"' aboute 10 A, m. they began to fire from Boston, the 
 blockhouse- on the Neck^ &c, which was return'd by 
 our people at Roxbery &c 
 
 6 East night a terable storm of wind aboute South & no 
 fireing, but the wind rored hke Cannon 
 
 7"^ fast Day. Fireing seas'd on boath Sides 
 
 8 Still quiet, but hear the women & children are moveing 
 with their efects on board the Ships, & all in confuton 
 in Boston. 
 
 9^" Quiet all day, but about >^ after 8 P. m. a fireing began 
 from Boston, & continued all night on boath sides. On 
 dorchester side 800 Shot was gathered up next day 
 perhaps not half that was fired at them 
 10 All seems quiet 11 d" 12 d'*. 
 
 13 Som fireing last night 
 
 14 Quiet last night & this day 15 & 16 do. 
 
 i^th ^g were agreeably surpriz'd at the account of the 
 
 Regulars 
 
 ' The chief fortification was on the highest hill, near the centre of the 
 Neck, though it was intended to strongly fortify Nook's Hill, nearer Boston, 
 had the British remained. Only a small breastwork was erected there, on 
 March 17. 
 
 ■^ The old fort at the entrance on the south side of Boston. 
 
 ^ The road leading across the narrow neck connecting Boston with 
 Roxbury was then called Orange Street, 
 
62 
 
 17/6 xMarch 17''' Regulars all leaveing Boston by 10 O'Clock this fore- 
 noon ' (Sabbath) & that the Men-of-War & transports full 
 of Soldiers was going of, & no fireing on either side : 
 Bunker's hill was allso evacuated & all this without 
 Bloodshed, was truly Surpriseing. The accounts aded 
 also that the Selectmen ^ of Boston was com to Roxbery 
 to acquaint and consult with our Generals on affairs. 
 And the Town of Boston was soon Enter'd by the 
 troops of the 13 United Colonies of North America 
 commanded by the brave General Washington, numbers 
 of our people soon went into the Town and report that 
 the Regulars went off in such confution, that they left 
 near a lOO horses &c, sever'l Cannon & a great number 
 Shot: with the fleet went of the Mandamas Counclrs^ 
 & a number of the other Tory's & famaly's.'' 
 18 The Men of War lay below & near the Castle — 
 19*'* Easterly winds, they lay as Yesterday 
 20"' this morning before Sunrise som ship or Ships of War 
 drew up near the lower point of Dorchester were our 
 people was throwing up a new brestwork to anoy the 
 Castle, S*^ Men of War fired near two houers at them 
 but did no damage 
 
 last 
 
 ' The evacuation had been long contemplated, but was carried out with 
 some precipitation after the erection of the battery on Nook's Hill, Dor- 
 chester, which commanded the town. 
 
 * These were John Scollay, Timothy Newell, Samuel Austin, Oliver 
 Wendell, and John Pitts. John Hancock and Thomas Marshall were also 
 nominally Selectmen during the siege, but were. elsewhere. 
 
 ^ These were the councillors appointed by the Governor after the charter 
 had been set aside. 
 
 * The list of these given in " Memorial History of Boston," with their 
 families, amounted to 927 persons. See Mass. H. Soc. P., December, 1880, 
 p. 266. 
 
6}, 
 
 THE FIRST CAPTURE AT SEA. 
 
 1776 March 21 last night the Regulars burnt & destroy'd the Castle & 
 left it [in the] P. m. our people took possession of it. 
 22" & 23 The men of War & Transports had fallen down from 
 their laying near the Castle to Nantasket Road & there 
 lay Several Days Windbound, 
 
 About 27 & 28 The Men a War & Transports & a number of Tory's 
 with their Famalys Sail'd, & we after som days hear'd 
 they got to Hallefax in a miserable condition, for want 
 of room's and allmost all other nessacarys of Life, as 
 they fled in hast 
 May 17 (Fryday) A Contenential Fast was Kept in 13 Provences 
 
 — This Day was taken by one of our priveteers a ship 
 of 300 Tons with 1,500 Barrils of powder, a 1000 Stand 
 of Armes &c. &c, coming to Boston for the use of the 
 Kings Troops, but luckely fell into our hands 
 29 Lection Day, We had the melancoly news that was 
 
 rumer'd 8 or 10 Days before, confermed, of our people 
 raiseingthe siege against Quebec,^ leaving their Cannon, 
 baggage &c behind them. Some Men of War & 
 Troops being just Arived to releave the garison & who 
 with the old Troops came oute & put our Troops off. 
 The General Court met at the meeting hous in Water- 
 town (as the smallpox was in Boston). The Honorable 
 James Warren - Esq'', was unanimously Chosen Speaker 
 
 & 
 
 ' Montreal had been captured by the expedition of Benedict Arnold 
 
 and Montgomery, but the latter was killed in the first attack on Quebec 
 
 and the siege had to be abandoned, though Arnold succeeded in bringing 
 
 off what remained of his men and munitions. 
 
 * James Warren, a merchant of Plymouth, was born there 28 Sep- 
 tember, 1726; graduated at Harvard College in 1745; was a member of 
 the General Court of Massachusetts from 1766-74; died 27 November, 
 
64 
 
 THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 
 
 1776 May 29 & Sam'. Freeman^ Esq"" Clerk. The number returned 
 
 to represent the Towns & Districts was 267, about 14 
 rcturn'd afterwards, the largest number perhaps ever 
 known in the Colony. The Town of Boston sent 12 
 Roxbury 3 Salem 6 Cambridge 4. Several Towns as 
 well as Boston sent 3 times the number that they 
 formerly did on acc^ of the Times. 
 28 Counsellors chose, 6 who were in last Year resign'd 
 previous to the Election 
 June 13 This evening a number of men from Boston & other 
 
 Towns embarked for Long Island, Nantasket Hill &c, 
 where in a few hours they threw up a Line of Defence 
 & planted som Cannon, & soon fired at the Commodore 
 a 50 Gun Ship ; upon which a Signal was made for the 
 whole fleet, consisting of 8 ships 2 Snows, 2 Brigs & i 
 Schooner to remove, & got of as fast as posable from 
 Nantasket road where they all lay. The Commodore 
 stopt'd near the Light House & blew it up ; in the 
 above Ingagement (for the Commodore return'd the 
 Shot) not one of our Men were hurt. 6 or 7 Of 
 the above Ships were full of Soldiers bound into Boston, 
 expecting to join General How & Company not hearing 
 of their being gon. 
 In Congress. A Declaration of the United States of America in Gen- 
 July 4 — 1776 eral Congress assembled (viz' 13 Provinces). 
 
 When 
 
 1808. His wife, Mercy Otis, was a sister of James Otis, and a brilliant 
 writer. 
 
 ' Samuel Freeman was born in Maine 15 June, 1743; a member of the 
 Provincial Congress of Massachusetts for four years; was from 1775 for 
 forty-five years Clerk of the Courts; was Judge from 1S04 to 1820; died 
 at Portland, Me,, 2 September, 1831. 
 
65 
 
 1776 In Congress. When in the course of human events it becomes neces- 
 July 4 — 1776 sary for one people to dissolve the poHtical bands which 
 have connected them with another &c &c 
 (The Congress say) The history of the present King of 
 Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries &c all 
 having in direct object the establishing of an absolute 
 tyranny over these States. — To prove this, let facts be 
 submitted to a candid World. Then go on & give 27 
 reasons for their declaring their Independancy (as that) 
 He (the King) has forbidden his Governors to pass 
 Laws of pressing importance. — He has called together 
 Legislators at places unusual, uncomfortable, and dis- 
 tant from the depository of their public Records, for the 
 sole purpose of fatigueing them into compliance with 
 his Measures. — He has dessolved Representative houses 
 repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his inva- 
 sions on the rights of the people. — He has made judges 
 dependant on his own will alone. — He has erected 
 a multitude of new offices (officers) & sent a swarm 
 of officers to harris our people & eat out their Substance. 
 — He has kept up among us in times of peace standing 
 Armies &c. — for imposing Taxes on us without our 
 consent. For taking away our Charters & altering the 
 form of our Governments, — for declaring the Parlament 
 to be invested with power to legislate for us, in all 
 Cases whatever. — He has made War against us. — He 
 has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our 
 towns & destroyed the lives of our people. — He has at 
 this time transported large armies of foreign Troops to 
 compleat the works of Death & desolation &c. In every 
 stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress 
 in the most humble terms, which has been answered 
 
 only 
 
66 
 
 \'/'j6 In Congress, only by repeated injury &c &c to the No of 27 Reasons. 
 July 4 — 1 776 We thcreior the Representatives of the United States 
 of America in General Congress assembled, appealing 
 to the Supreme judge of the World for the rectitude of 
 our intentions, do, in the name, & by the authority of 
 the good people of those Colonies, Solemnly publish & 
 declare, that these Colonies are and of right ought to be 
 Free & Independant States: that they are absolved 
 from all allegiance to the British Crown & that all po- 
 litical connection between them & the State of Great- 
 Britain, is & ought to be totally dissolved : and that as 
 Free & Independant States they have full power to levy 
 War, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish com- 
 merce, & to do all other Acts & things which Independ- 
 ant States may of right do. And for the support of 
 this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection 
 of divine providence, We mutually pledge to each other, 
 our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. Signed 
 by order and in behalf of the Congress 
 attest John Hancock president 
 
 Charles Thompson Secretary 
 
 Aug**'. Sept^ & Octo''. fine Season 
 
 Nov"" 1 1 uncommon fine warm Weather for 3 Weeks past & but 
 
 little Raine. Winds small from the W. to S. W. & South 
 Except 2 or 3 Days an E wind as warm as in May. — 
 In s*^ 3 Weeks we have had 4 or 5 very white frost's 
 but by 10 or 1 1 A. m., quite warm, Evenings fine & 
 calm ; but this morning Came up a fresh raw E. wind & 
 by 2 P. m. began to Raine. This is the first day we 
 have seen the Gease fly, when many flocks [going] 
 from the E. to the S. W. pas'd over us. 
 This afternoon was drove by at Cambridge a large drove 
 
 of 
 
67 
 
 BATTLE OF TRENTON. 
 
 1776 Nov 11 of Cattle & notwithstanding the unnatural War is still 
 
 careing on we have a plenty of most of the Nessacrys 
 of life : Blessed be God for those & all other Mercy's. 
 Nov 15 this morning sett oft* from my house my son for New 
 
 York. Still fine Weather 
 22'* Still fine warm Weather, but the driest time that Ever I 
 
 Remember for the time of Year, Yet my Well has 13 
 feet & 10 Inches of Water in it, when many Brooks & 
 Wells has been dry som time 
 Dec"" r'* Very dry time till last Night, a plenty of Raine 
 
 4*'^ Plenty of Raine last night and this day. Brooks now full. 
 
 5'" fine day & W^ wind & cold 
 
 Sattrday 21 N. E. Snow Storm all Day & most of the Night 
 
 Sunday a. m. fine Day, Snow 10 Inches deep on a level. 
 
 24 fine sleding & fine Weather till the 
 
 26, then came on a N. E. Snow Storm, P. m.. Wind at East 
 
 & turn'd to Raine & blew at N. & N. E. very hard till 
 midnight 
 27 A fine Day 
 
 Janu''. 30 1777 (We have had Cold weather for 5 Weeks past except a 
 Day or two) : this morning came on an Easterly Snow 
 Storm that continv'd till ne'r Night & left us a fine 
 coat of Snow about 7 or 8 Inches deep: then a spel 
 of better Weather 
 Febu^. II. A Snow Storm Came on at 8 A. m. Wind at South & 
 gradualy back'd to E. & N. E. & blew hard & snow'd 
 very fast til 10 at Night, so that in the morning of the 
 la'*" we found the Snow 12 or 13 inches deep on a Level. 
 By Letters from my Son and others from New Jerseys 
 we have accounts of the Success of General Washing- 
 ton 
 
68 
 
 1777 Febu^ 12"' ton, who with 2400 men in a Terable N. E. Storm of 
 Snow Haile & Raine cross'd the Delaware River & 
 atack'd on the morning of Dec^ 26., 1,900. Hessians & 
 som Enghsh Hght horse at Trenton^ in the Jerseys. 
 & took 919 prisoners, kill'd & wounded about 70. in the 
 whole 989, A number soon after taken made the whol 
 about 1200,^ & took 6 fine brass field pieces, 7 Stand- 
 erds, a Number of fine Waggons, pork, Flower &c & 
 1200 Small Arms. The British light horse road ofif & so 
 eskap'd: our loss did not exceed 20 kill'd & wounded. — 
 In a Letter dated Feb\ 10, my son writes me The 
 British Army are Ensurkel'd in Brunswrick^ & are so 
 short of provision that they are Dayly Deserting to 
 Gen: Washingtons Army. 
 Febu>' 24 Came on a Snow Storm, Wind at N. E. and blew ver 
 hard all Day & the Night following : 
 25"' this morning we found the snow, full 10 Inches deep 
 in adition to what was before on the Ground, with the 
 Wind still at N. E. & raw cold 
 26. a fine Day, clear & warm 
 28 Clear & very Cold 
 March 2'^ (Sabbath) Wind at N. W. & Extreem cold 
 5"' do 6 & 7 more moderate 
 
 a 
 
 ' This battle and capture of the Hessians was at the most critical period 
 of the war, when the Provincial forces were reduced to 6,000 men, and the 
 outlook was most gloomy for the Patriots. 
 
 ^ This probably refers to Princeton, where the British lost 500 men in 
 killed, wounded, and prisoners. 
 
 3 Washington had intended to capture the magazine at Brunswick after 
 the battle of Princeton; but the American troops were too exhausted for 
 more fighting. After these two victories the people generally rose in arms 
 and beleaguered the British troops in Brunswick, cut off from their main 
 body at New York. 
 
69 
 
 1777 March 24 a fine Day, planted some peas 
 
 28*'' ver Cold 4 Days. It frose very hard 4 nights going 
 April 5"' Very Cold this morning, as it has been 3 Days past, & 
 frose very hard 3 nights past 
 15''' this Morning I found in a paile at my back Door Ice 
 that frose last night full half an Inch thick. 
 May 5*" raw cold weather Still 
 
 1 1 very raw Cold weather Still, & this morning a white 
 
 frost & it frose in a tub in my yard full as thick as a 
 Copper 
 12"' Snow'd in the morning fast. 
 
 13 So Cold that 'twas uncomfortable to do anything abroad. 
 Wind N. W. 
 
 14 Mor warmer by the Winds shifting 
 
 26 very hot so as to open our Dovrs & Windows for are 
 wind from W. to S. W. 
 
 27 Warm in the Morning & for 3 Days the Apple Trees 
 has been as full of blossoms as ever was remembered, 
 Aboute 9 this morning the wind sudently shifted from 
 S. W. to E. & in 3 hours was raw Cold. Which encreas- 
 ing to the 28 with som Raine in Showers it continued 
 so Cold that we found the fire as comfortable as in 
 March. 
 
 28 Lection Day. The General Court met in Boston. 
 
 Speaker & Clerk the same as last Year; The number 
 returned to represent the Towns &c, was 249, which is 
 32 less than last Year, & 28 counclelors was chosen as 
 usual 
 July 14 Fine Raine for 2 Nights past but Yesterday uncommon 
 
 Cold, Wind about East for 48 howers. We have had 
 Showers in plenty hether to, A prety good crop of Hay, 
 
 but 
 
70 
 BURGOYNE'S SURRENDER. 
 
 1777 July 14 but the apples is like to fall short, 'tho' there was as 
 
 great a blow of blossoms as ever was seen ; 'tis thought 
 the uncom. cold & frost in may hurt the buds & blossoms. 
 Plums, Cherrys &c but very few this year. 
 Sepf 9^'^ This morning at 2 O'clock died the Rev'' Dr. Ebene"". 
 Pemberton, in the 73'^ Year of his Age & 50*'' of his 
 ministry : he rec'^ the degrees of batcheller & master of 
 Arts in 1 72 1 & 1724; he spent the first Years of his 
 Ministry at New York aboute 25 years, when an unhappy 
 differance arose in the Church and he with his Collegue 
 M'\ Gumming Asked a dismifsion, which was reluctantly 
 granted in one day, Soon after Dr Pemberton returned 
 to Boston, the place of his Birth & was soon chosen 
 unanimously by the New Brick Church & Congreg" ; of 
 which he died pastor after Serving his Master & the 
 Church aboute 25 years, he left neither Wife or Child, he 
 had bured 4 Wifes, but never had a Child, 'tho' he took 
 care of Several. 
 Octo"". 22 This morning & last Night so Cold that I found in a Tub 
 in my yard Ice full i /4 of an Inch thick. The first Night 
 we have had so cold this fall. 
 28 A Cold long storm of Raine Wind E. 
 
 On the 17*^'' Inst. Lev^ General John Burgyne at Saratoga Surrendered 
 himself and his whole army, to Maj'' Gen'. Horatio 
 Gates, Consisting of 5,752, when he first came with his 
 army from Canaday he had in all 9,213, Indians in- 
 cluded, but 3,461 ^ were before he surrendered either, 
 
 kil'd 
 
 ' The actual return of prisoners taken by General Gates, as made tiy him' 
 was 3,875. Of those surrendered, about i,6oo were German troops. Bur- 
 goyne's losses, according to his own account, had amounted to i,i6o 
 
1777 Octo'. 17''' 
 
 ^ 1778 
 Cambridg 
 Febu-\ 7'" 
 15 
 
 [6 & 17 
 18 
 19 
 
 March 22' 
 
 23^ 
 
 30' 
 
 kil'd taken, or deserted, wounded or Sick, who all fell 
 
 into our hands. 
 
 Last Evening at 7 O'Clock came on a Snow Storm & 
 
 raw Cold E. Wind & this morning Snows fast & very 
 
 Cold Wind shifting to N. & N. W. 
 
 Sunday morning. Extreem cold as it has been 2 days 
 
 past. Wind from N. W. to W. But about 12 at noon 
 
 grew warmer the Wind vearing about 2 points from W- 
 
 to S. 
 
 do. do. 
 
 do. do. til near Noon 
 
 fine Day, wind S. W. 
 
 This month the small-pox began to spred in Boston & 
 
 numbers were Inoculated. Every thing looks dark as 
 
 War &c.^ 
 
 (Sabbath) It frose very hard last night & blew like 
 
 a herican, as it did all day yesterday ; Wind at N. W. 
 
 A m. P. m. at W. This morning at N. W. boath days 
 
 as Cold as I can remember any for 50 Years at this season 
 
 frose hard last night, but the Wind did not blow so 
 
 hard, Wind got to N. this morning 
 
 A terable Snow Storm came on last evening & blew 
 
 very hard all Night. Wind at E. & b N, this morning 
 
 continues, with snow hail & raine & very Cold, & looks 
 
 like the middle of Winter 
 
 Still 
 
 killed, wounded, and missing, including 73 officers, since he left Canada, 
 and before the surrender at Saratoga. This victory led to the recognition 
 of the United States by France, and later to the French alliance, in the 
 spring of 1778. 
 
 ' This was the most discouraging period of the war, and doubtless the 
 letters from Valley Forge were not of a character to add to the hopes of 
 the Patriots at home. 
 
^2 
 
 1778 March 31'' Still snowing & cold, Trees & everything cover'd as in 
 the dep's of Winter, Wind at N. 
 
 April 5"' Sabbath, A. m. 8 O'Clock, Snowing fast, wind at N. 
 It began Yesterday P. m. at 5 and snow'd all night, for 
 this morning it was near 12 Inches deep & 'tho' the s'** 
 of April looks like the dep's of Winter. Everything 
 looks dark,^ as War &c good Lord deliver us & ours 
 from Enemies abrod, & Extortion among ourselves 
 every Nesacry of Life is exceeding dear 
 
 May 30 a Frost last night after 2 cold Days of a West & N. W. 
 
 wind, which damag'd the Corn Beens &c, cut of most of 
 the peaches & put everything back, but a fine Season 
 after, 'tho' everything continues by reason of the War 
 very dear: In June Butter from 3/6 to 4/ Beef 2/ &c 
 &c 
 
 June 24 An Eclips of the Sun as great as ever I saw. Beginning 
 
 at 9h. 1 8m The middle at loh 30m, Duration 2h. 30m. 
 The sun was Eclips'd about 1 1 Digits. It was some- 
 thing Cloudy, but saw it at times very plain. It ap- 
 pear'd just as the New Moon does at 3 Days old. 
 Moderat Weather. Wind aboute S. S. W. the Dark- 
 ness came on the S. W. side of the Sun & pass'd off on 
 the S. E. 
 25 fine pleasant morning & so nothing uncomo" has yet 
 
 turn'd up as some people immagin from Eclips's. 
 27 extreem hot & continued so for 5 days 
 
 July 3 P. m. Thunder &c 2 Evenings 
 
 4"' 5 & 6 Cool 
 
 7*^ Extreem hot again 
 
 Gen : 
 
 ' The winter had been bitterly cold in the South as well as in New 
 England ; the spring came on but slowly, and the army had suffered 
 severely. Small as it was in numbers, even necessities were not obtainable. 
 
73 
 
 177^ Mem"^ 
 
 July 24 
 
 Aug'^ 5 
 
 BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 
 
 Gen: Clinton with the Brittish army left Philad^ the 18 
 June and march'd throw the Jerseys, in order to get to 
 New York, but they were atack'd by Gen' Washington 
 Lee^ &c on the 28 Sabbath and Washington &c Lost 
 59 Killed & 137 Wounded, total 196.^ The Britons as 
 follows 
 
 248 Rank & file Killed & left on the field 
 4 officers do 
 1,255 Wounded > 'twas said the Britons drove off 63 
 
 117 prisoners ) wagons of wounded men 
 1,572 deserted since they left Philadelphia 
 
 3,196 Total loss to the Brittons^ 
 
 Rideing with my Wife in my Chaise, from my house in 
 Lit' Cambridge, to Watertown, a waggon with 4 stoute 
 Horses upon the full run came suddently upon us, & 
 jam'd my Horse back against the Chaise, broke one 
 shaff & [did] som other damage; but the Horses & 
 Waggon Stopt'd so suddently that it apeared as a meri- 
 cal, that We nor our Horse was hurt but a trifel. Blessed 
 be God for preserving Mercy 
 
 fine rains after a very dry time, and things look flor- 
 
 ishing 
 
 ' Charles Lee was defeated at the battle of Monmouth, although he had 
 13,000 troops against 10,000. Washington found the army in full retreat 
 on his arrival. He censured Lee, and taking co;nmand in person rallied 
 the troops and defeated the British. Lee after this affair was tried by court 
 martial and retired to private life. 
 
 * The American loss in the battle was 229, including 8 officers. 
 
 'The British loss was 349, but during Clinton's march to New York 
 after the battle, his total losses from desertions, etc., have been variously 
 estimated at from 1,500 to 2,oco, all told, 
 
74 
 
 1/78 Aug^' 5 ishing. Praise must be given to the Father of all our 
 
 mercy's. 
 9 Sab" Excessive hot till i O'Clock when a Thunder 
 
 shower came on, & rain'd plentifully for 4 houers, then 
 ceased, & began again & rained about i in the Night 
 till 6 in the morni=. 
 12 Wednesday. In the Evening came on a terable storm 
 
 of Wind & Raine which continu'd the whole night & 
 next day, but abated something P. m. & rose again at 
 dark & blew hard all Night the Wind from N. E. to E. 
 the whole time with Raine. this storm blew down 
 Trees and in many fields the corn lay flat on the 
 Ground 
 26"' 3 O'clock P. m. Extreem hot, now 3 Days. — 
 
 Sept^ 13"^ Doc-". Eliot died 
 
 Octo\ 15 I moved from my House in Cambridge (that I sold to 
 Mr. James Foster) into my House in Boston, that I 
 built 20 years ago. 
 
 Dec'' 23 It came on cold A. m. and continued increesing. Wind 
 
 N.W. 
 
 Boston The next morning very Cold & stil increesing. Wind 
 
 stil N. W. with a vapor on the Water, but little Ice. 
 25 Christmas Day Friday, in the morning at sunriseing I 
 
 look'd down Boston Harbor & could see no water, 
 except a few spots call'd windholes. For the vapor 
 was great and the Harbor as far as I could see skim'd 
 over with Ice. I had about a gil of N. E. Rum in a 
 Case Bottle cork'd, that stood on a shelf in the pantry, 
 At dinner time found it froze, but two full Bottles in 
 the case was not frose. This was the coldest Christmas 
 that ever I remember, nor do I remember that I ever 
 
 had 
 
2\ 
 
 75 
 
 1778 Dec'' 25 had any Rum frose before in my keeping, having now 
 
 kept house near 47 years, this day was clear A.m. 
 till about noon, except very thick dark clouds in the 
 East, but about one & two O'Clock it grew Cloudy over 
 head, at dusk it snow'd a little fine snow. 
 
 26 But the next morning before Day the Snow Storm 
 Came on with Wind at North and blew & snow'd very 
 hard all day, this was as Cold a Storm as ever I 
 remember. 
 
 27 Sabbath-day Extreem Cold, very few people at meeting, 
 
 Snow about a foot deep, in Drifts much deeper, 
 
 Still extreem Cold in the morning & last night 
 
 29 Cold abated 
 
 30"' Thanksgiveng, appointed by Congress throw oute the 
 13 States, this Day moderat weather; Wind S. W. and 
 by 10 O'clock began to thaw 
 1779 Janu^ 4 Fine moderat weather 4 Days past. Wind about S. W. 
 
 March 5'" The Inhabitants of the Town of Boston Mett at 10 
 O'clock to receive the Report of the com**^ chosen on 
 the 5"> of March last to aply to a proper Gentleman to 
 deliver an Oration on this Day to perpetuate^ the 
 Massacre perpetrated on the Evening of the 5*'' of March 
 1770 (See the acc\ in this Book of s*^ Evening) The 
 Com^*= Reported that they had engaged Col. Tudor to 
 deliver an Oration on this Day & Voted to adjourn the 
 meeting to 12 O'Clock to meet at the Old Brick Meeting 
 house and chose a Com*"' to wait on s^ Tudor to request 
 him to be ready at the time & place. Accordingly the 
 Councle, and a great number of all ranks of people as- 
 sembled 
 
 'After the massacre the 5th of March was observed until 1783, when 
 the 4th of July replaced it. 
 
1^ 
 
 1779 March 5' 
 
 March 18 
 
 19 
 
 20"' 
 
 March 22" 
 
 23' 
 
 sembled, when the oration was deliver'd, which took 
 near 40 minutes : when finished there was a general 
 claping of hands to show their Approbation. This day 
 we had a Snow Storm which continued the whole Day. 
 Wind from S. E. to E. Note. We had as fine moderate 
 weather all last month as we have Known in Febu-'. for 
 many Years past. But We have now a distressing time 
 for want of Bread. Flower has rose in price in a few 
 Weeks past from 15 pounds to ;^27.ioper hundred paper 
 money and at this day not a barrel to be got, except 
 the Com*^ of the town can borrow some of the French 
 Concle/ who is now in this Town, a Gentleman of good 
 carrecector for humanaty &c. 
 
 Extreem cold last night & this morning for the time of 
 year. We have had more Winter since this month 
 Came in, 3 to one, than we had all the last month. 
 Wind from W. to N. W. 3 days. 
 Snow'd all day, wind S. W. 
 
 Extreem Cold this morning for the time of Year. Wind 
 N. W. 
 
 Last night Came on a terable Cold N. E. snow Storm 
 and this morning ^Monday) found it snowing & blow- 
 ing very hard & fast which continu'd all day & most of 
 the night 
 A pleasant day 
 
 Wednesday 
 
 ' It will be remembered that the alliance with France had been arranged 
 in the spring of 1778. The French Consul at time of the visit of the 
 French fleet in 1778 was Monsieur de I'Etombe. An amusing account of 
 a dinner to the French officers, at which the French Consul was present, at 
 Mr. Tracy's house in Cambridge, when they were served with a soup con- 
 taining bull-frogs in their natural dress, much to the entertainment of the 
 guests, will be found in the " Memorial History of Boston." 
 
n 
 
 IMPORTANT NAVAL VICTORY. 
 
 1/79 March 24''' Wednesday aboute 9 O'clock A.m. Came on another 
 bad N. E. snow Storm which lasted till 6 p. m. more 
 terable than on Monday last, then abated, at 9 it look'd 
 as if we should have a fine day on the morrow, but 
 behold, on the morrow 
 25*'' At 7 O'clock very Cold, Wind at North & Snowing 
 very fast. So that before 9, with one snow so soon 
 upon what fell yesterday 'tis suppos'd upon a level to 
 be 15 or 18 Inches deep. Now everything looks 
 dismal. The distress for Bread is great; for by what I 
 hear many hundreds for some Days past & at this 
 Day have not a bit to eat. Indian meale has lately bin 
 sold at a Dollar a quart stric measure in paper money.^ 
 Everything Extreem dear. 
 April le^ Arrived the Frigate Warren John Hopkins^ Esq"" Com- 
 mander, who in company with the Continental ships 
 Ranger & Queen of France took the following fleet 
 bound from New York to Georgia, viz, Kings ship 20 
 Guns & 150 men, ship Maria, 16 guns, 84 men, & a 
 privateer 16 guns 45 men, together with 3 or 4 Brigs & 
 a schooner : Transports with soldiers, stores &c two Col'' 
 & a number of officers. This is the greatest thing done 
 on the sea by Americans since the War commenc'd 
 18 This morning at sunrising got up & found it extreem 
 Cold for the time of Year. Wind at W. & b N. it blew 
 
 hard 
 
 ' The Continental paper money had fallen at this time to about 20 to i 
 in gold. 
 
 '^ Capt. John Burroughs Hopkins, a son of Admiral Esek Hopkins. 
 There were seven vessels captured in all, with 200 men and 24 officers. 
 The loss on the American side was small. 
 
78 
 
 779 April i8 hard the r* part of the Night and this morning I found 
 
 the Ice in a Tub half an Inch thick & took a Quarter 
 of a hun'd weight & put on it, which it bore without 
 cracking. The tub stood close under the house, oute of 
 the wind where it was not so cold as in other places, 
 where it froze harder. — I stamp'td on the Ground in 
 my Garden that was all sow'd & planted & many 
 seed up, but my foot made no impression on the 
 Ground 
 19 found it had again frose hard. But the Ice in the 
 
 same Tub that [contained] the Ice [which] had all 
 thaw'd in the sun, was frose hard, but not so much as 
 the Night before 
 20*" Still cold: Frose hard last Night, Wind continu's at 
 
 West, P. m. came round to East 
 21"* a fine warm day 
 
 a great scarcety for Bread : gave this morning four 
 paper DoUors for 2 small Brick Loafs, that each weight 
 but a pound & 2 ounces, which is near 60 £ per hund'^ 
 Lawful money ; Wood is allso very scarce & dear 
 
 June 10& II A fine groing Season. But all the Nessaierys of Life 
 Extreem dear. Butter current at 3 paper Dollors a 
 pound Beef 9/ Veal from 4/6 to 6/ milk from 3/ to 4/ 
 per quart, all shocking 
 19 Still a fine groing Season 
 
 Aug'^ 2 Still a fine groing season to Oct 31'' 
 
 Ocf. 27^^ This Day P. m. was ordained (in Kings Chapel so 
 called) the Rev'' Mr. Joseph Eccle^ to the pastoral care 
 of the Old South Church in Boston (the Old South 
 
 Meetingh" 
 
 ' Rev. Joseph Eckley was born in London, England. He was a 
 graduate of Princeton College, New Jersey, and remained in charge of 
 the Old South Church from this period until his death in l8ii. 
 
79 
 
 1779 Oct'" 27^'" Meetingh' still remaining as when the Regulars left 
 it.) 
 Nov"" 3 P.m. Was ordained over the N. North Church^ the 
 
 Rev". John Eliot ^ son of the late worthy Dr Andrew 
 Eliot pastor of the s'' N. North church Boston 
 22 We have had fine dry moderate Weather this fall but 
 
 alas extortion still prevails, Butter is lately rose from 2 
 DoP a lb. to 3, 4 & 5 & milk from 2/6 to 3 & for 10 
 Days past 4/ per Quart, as the late Regulating Acts is all 
 broke throw 
 Dec"" 9 Thanksgiven day. Butter got from 5 to 6 & 7 Dol^ a 
 
 pound milk to a DoF a quart, Beef to 10/ the best to 
 12/ per pound & other things in proportion. Some 
 wreches ask'd 3 DoP a pound for pork and when & 
 where things will stand Time must determine 
 18 About Daybreak came on A terable Snow Storm Wind 
 
 E. & contin'^ till P. m. 4 O'Clock. Wind got to the 
 North & began to break. 
 28"^ A very Cold Season for 12 Days past 28"' P. m. Came 
 on a snow Storm, Wind at East and about 9 O'Clock 
 it blew exceeding hard & snow'd fast 
 29 Last night a terable Storm & snowing fast till near 12 
 
 the Wind Shifting to the Norward 
 
 A 
 
 ' The New North Church was first located on the south side of Hanover 
 street, about midway between Fleet and Commercial streets, in 17 14. 
 The Church was at first a small building of wood, replaced by a more sub- 
 stantial structure in 1802. It was from this church, in 1720, that the 
 minority of twenty-four withdrew on the Rev. Peter Thacber being installed 
 as minister. The twenty-four seceders built the New Brick Church, and 
 later united with the Second Church. 
 
 2 Rev. John Eliot was born in Boston 31 May, 1754; graduated at 
 Harvard College in 1772; received degree of D.D. from Edinburgh 
 University in 1797; one of the founders of the Massachusetts Historical 
 Society; died 14 February, 1814. 
 
8o 
 1/79 Dec'' 30 A great snow fell last night & this a. m. warmer & 
 
 foggy 
 
 1780 Janu^' I'' last evening the wind freshened up about West & blew 
 fresh and this New Years morning extreem Cold Wind 
 at West. 
 
 2^ Sabbath day Extreem cold, but allmost calm till 7 or 8 
 
 in the evening, when it began to blow hard about N. E. 
 as we suppos'd, it being very dark and by 9 it blew a 
 near Hurecan & began to snow & a terable storm con- 
 tinued all night. In the morning we found it snowing 
 very fast, a full tide, which continu'd till 12, Then 
 began to abate, the wind shifting more to the North & 
 Extreem Cold. 
 
 4"* Still cold and now we have 3 snows on the ground, 
 suppos'd to be on a level 3 feet deep. In the morn- 
 ing stil, clear, & extreem Cold. At noon clear and 
 pleasant 
 
 6"^ In the morning found it Snowing & very Cold & by 
 noon another snow 6 Inches. So now 4 bodys of it. 
 
 7"' this morning another snow falling & very cold. Wind 
 from N. to N. W. two or 3 days past. Milk at a Dollar 
 & half a Quart & wine measur: Such is the advantage 
 taken of those unhappy Distressing times, almost every- 
 thing in proportion. 
 
 8^'' Clear & Extreem Cold. On observation & inquiring 
 hear & think the snow is 4 feet deep on a level, and 'tis 
 commonly said there has not been so much snow at 
 one time on this part of the Globe for 20 Years and 
 excepting a day or two, it has been ILxtreem Cold a 
 month past 
 
 9'^ Still Cold. This Sabbath just after day light a Fire 
 
 broke 
 
8i 
 
 1780 Janu'' 9"' broke oute on Hancocks Wharf ^ & burnt down a large 
 
 Warehouse at the lower part with many Ships Sailes & 
 
 Riging, but did no other damage it being almost calm, 
 
 several large Ships laying near. 
 10"' A little moderated 
 11"' found it snowing fast, this is the 5*'' Snow since the 18"" 
 
 of last Month 
 12^** little moderated & plesant 
 13*'' Extreem Cold again 
 20**" Thursday. Still Extreem Cold. People say as cold as 
 
 ever they remember 
 21 Extreme Cold last night, the Shovel-fire & Tongs was 
 
 cold as they stood in the Chimney Corners 
 22'' Cold 
 
 23*^ Sabbath. Extreme Cold. The Harbor frose as far as 
 
 we can see 
 26 Continues Still extreem cold 
 
 28^" Extreem Cold. Wind W & b S., Very clear Sky fair 
 
 Weather 14 Days past 
 29'" Satter^'. Yesterday clear & little wind till 7 in the 
 
 Evening came on a hard Gale of Wind about N. W. and 
 
 blew hard til near Day. At Sun Rising allmost calm & 
 
 Extreem cold & clear, Little Wind about W. & as cold 
 
 as ever I remember 
 30'^ a little moderated 
 31 At sunrise extreem Cold. Wind ab' N. W. til about 
 
 1 1 then Shifted to West 
 Febu^. i^* Wind S. 8: b West. Something moderat 
 
 2 Very Cold at sunrising, little Wind, about Westerly. 
 
 Yesterday 
 
 * Hancock's Wharf is now a part of and on the north side of Lewis' 
 Wharf, though they were formerly distinct. 
 
82 
 
 1780 Febu-. 2 Yesterday & toDay the Harbor as far as we could see 
 was frose up 
 3'' Wind S. pleasant & warmer 
 
 4 Cold 
 
 5 clear & Cold, a little moderated 
 6^" A fine pleasant Day 
 
 7*^ at daybreak came on a N. E. Snow Storm & by 7 
 O'clock snow'd very fast 
 15^'' More Moderat. P. M. Misty: evening began to Raine 
 fast & continued Raining & blew hard the former part 
 of the Night & found the snow in the morning, that had 
 lain on the Gound 4 or 5 weeks much shrunk. This 
 raine Came Seasonably for many Wells in Town were 
 dry, as we have had but little Raine for near 2 months, 
 but a great deal of Snow. 
 Feb^'. 17"" A fine warm day as it has bin now 4 or 5 Days 
 
 past 
 March i'* We had prety good Weather the most of last month. 
 12'" Sabbath Day came on a terable Easterly snow Storm 
 23'' Very Cold this morning. Wind N. W. 
 29"' Leap Year, very Cold yesterday. Wind at W & blew 
 hard all Day & frose hard last night & very Cold this 
 morning 
 Ap'. 3 very Windy & very Cold for several Days past & frose 
 hard 5 nights going. Wind from W. to N. W. 
 17"' This morning found it very Cold & Snowing very fast. 
 Wind fresh & squally from N. to N. N. West & dismal 
 to look abroad, for everything has within 10 or 12 Days 
 rose, (fresh Fish 'excepted) to a Shocking prise. Pork 
 7 DoP, Beef from 4 to 5 DoP a pound, Butter & hogs 
 fat to 1 1 / and so on 
 
 Bread 
 
as 
 
 THE DARK DAY 
 
 1780 Ap', 17 Bread is beyond all. Very corse dark flower part 
 
 Rye is at 120 i^ that is 400 doP per hundred 
 
 19 About 7 this morning came on a great N. E. Storm with 
 
 Raine & kept encreesing till 12, the time of high Water 
 & caus'd a very high Tide, which did much damage to 
 the Wharfs 
 
 23 Very Cold this morning & evening and as cold an April 
 
 as ever I remember. Scarce i warm Day since it 
 came in 
 
 30 Mrs Marg\ Coohdge, who lived in my Family 23 years 
 
 till lately, she, on her Daughters being marred to Mr 
 Copp, removed from us to her s'' Daughters : But alass 
 on the Sabbath of April 30-1780 she was suddenly 
 removed from us all. Being at Meeting boath parts of 
 the Day, as well as her feeble Constetution admitted of, 
 and just before the last prayer ended P. m. She without 
 a sigh or Groan dropt'd ded on the Floor of my pew 
 where she stood just by my Wife. The Congregation 
 all in a great surprise at so Sudden a Death. — Thus 
 suddently departed our good & beloved freind from this 
 World of troble, to the Realms of Everlasting Bliss, 
 There to receive the Rewards of a, wel don good and 
 faithfull servant, enter thou into the joy of thy Lord. 
 God grant that this may be the happy lot of all related 
 & conserned for the dear departed above said. She 
 was deacently Bured in my tomb ^ May 4"' Thursday 
 May 19*'' Friday just before ii O'Clock came on an uncommon 
 darkness, so that before 12 it was so dark that Trades- 
 
 ' This was No. 13 in King's Ch^ipel Burying-ground, at the south-east 
 corner of the chapel. 
 
84 
 
 1780 May 19"' men & others left off work, not being able to see what 
 they were doing, at 12 numbers lit up Candles in their 
 Houses, the darkness increased so much that people 
 when they dined could not See to cut their Victuals, 
 but by the lights on their Tables, and so it con- 
 tinued till near 4 when it grew a little lighter, and by 5 
 the Vapors & lower Clouds began to move from the 
 S. W. to wards the N. E. There was till this move- 
 ment a glin of light in the Eastern & S. E" Hori- 
 son, but it was soon darkened as the Vapor & Clouds 
 Settled over it, when it look'd, where the glin was a 
 little before, very dark & thick, in short there was at 
 noon & for 3 or 4 hours some appearance of midnight at 
 noon Day. In the evening before 9 O'Clock it was very 
 Dark, by 9 & at 10 so extreem dark, that perhaps 
 it never was darker since the Children of Israel was 
 freed from Egiptian bondage. Many people was much 
 frightened ; the moon was about the full, so it could not 
 be an Eclips of the Sun' 
 June 6 for a month past but little Raine. 
 
 On the 8 a fine Shower & 2 evenings past do, 
 July but little Raine Thunder or Lightning 
 
 Aug'^ 24''' Extreem hot 2 Days & last Friday & Satterday the 
 same 
 25 At 6 P. m. yesterday a fine Shower & a little Thunder 
 Dry ) & Lightg & this morning a cool Easterly Wind 
 
 Time ) 28 Still extreem hot 
 Octob*". The greatest part of this month fine weather 
 
 27 Friday A. great Eclipse of the Sun began about half 
 
 after 
 
 ' This dark day has been attributed to burning forests at the West. 
 The same effect has occurred in recent times. 
 
85 
 
 1780 Oct'" 27 after 11 O'Clock, middle about one, Quantity 1 1 digits 
 
 odd &c. 
 Octob'" 25"' (Wednesday) General Election, agreeable to the New 
 Constitution of this State. The Day was ushered in by 
 the ringing of all the Bells, firing of Cannon &c &c. 
 The Members Chosen by the several Towns came to the 
 State House ; Subscribed the Declarations, Oaths &c 
 &c. Then a com'*^ examined the Returns of the several 
 Towns in the State for a Governor when it was found 
 by A great Majority that his Excelency John Han- 
 cock Esq"" was elected Governor and the Honora'^ 
 James Bowdoin L* Governor & one of the Senators 
 (but did not accept of either). After all the seri- 
 moneys (which brought it to 3 O'Clock P.m) was 
 gone throw, the governor & boath houses went to 
 the Old Brick Meeting House ^ where an Excelent 
 Discourse was delivered by the Rev"' Dr. Cooper ^ 
 from Jeremiah 30*" part of 20"' & 21^' verses : And their 
 
 Congregation 
 
 ' The building referred to, also called the First Church, was built in 1712 
 to replace the wooden church on the same site, burned in 171 1. It stood 
 until 1808 on Cornhill, now Washington street, next south of Sears Build- 
 ing. The first location of this church was opposite the east end of the 
 Town House, or Old State House, on King street, now State street, on the 
 south side. It was moved from there in 1640. In 1808 the society moved 
 to the corner of Summer and Chauncy streets, where they remained until 
 1868, and then moved to the corner of Marlboro' and Berkeley streets. 
 
 ^ Samuel Cooper, brother of William Cooper and son of Rev. William 
 Cooper, was born in Boston, 28 March, 1725, graduated at Harvard Col- 
 lege, 1743; chosen assistant pastor of Brattle-street Church, with Dr. Col- 
 man, 31 December, 1744; ordained 21 May, 1746; A. M. Yale, 1750; S. 
 T. D. Edinburgh, 1767; elected president of Harvard College, 10 February, 
 1 774, but declined ; chaplain to the General Court of Massachusetts, 1 758-70 
 and 1777-83. Founder of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and 
 first vice-president, 1780-3; died 29 December, 1783. 
 
86 
 
 1780 Octob'" 2 5^*' Congregation shall be established and their Nobles 
 shall be of themselves and their Governor shall proceed 
 out of the midst of them. After which they went to 
 Faneuil Hall, amidst a very larg Concourse of people, 
 where a grand Entertainment was provided & 13 Toasts 
 were drank. John Avery ^ Esq'". Jn'". was chose Secre- 
 tary. Deacon Caleb Davis ^ Esq"". Speaker (one of the 
 members for Boston) An'^ Henshaw^ Esq"", clerk. The 
 number of Counsellors was 40, and Representatives 
 from all the County's 1 1 in Number was to the amount 
 of 224. Viz' For Suffolk 29 (Bos" sent 7) Essex 31. 
 Middlesex 32. Hampshire 34 Ply mo'' 13. Barnstable 8, 
 Bristol 14. York 9 Worcester 33 Cumberland 4 Berk- 
 shire 17. In all as above 224 
 
 Nov"". Sett in the first day with a Violent Snow Storm, a high 
 
 Tide & did much Damage to the Wharves &c and 
 several Vessels as we heard afterwards was cast away. 
 17**^ Another Storm Raine. Wind at N. E. as it was the 
 last Storm 
 
 Dec''. 31'' With the Year I Resign'd my Office as a Treasurer in, 
 or to the 2'^ Church* in Boston. This office as well as 
 the Deacon's I held for many Years, in the time of 
 
 Mess. 
 
 ' John Avery died in 1806, was graduated at Harvard College in 1759, 
 the son of John Avery, a Boston merchant. He survived his father only 
 ten years. 
 
 * Caleb Davis was born in Boston in 1 747, was Selectman and Overseer 
 of the Poor for several years; was several times Representative and Speaker; 
 was Deacon in Hollis-street Church; died in 1797. 
 
 ' Andrew Henshaw graduated at Harvard College in 1768, and died in 
 1782. 
 
 "Called the North Church, also the Church of the Mathers and the Old 
 North Church. It was located at North Square, and first regularly occupied 
 in 1650. 
 
87 
 
 1780 Dec'". 31'^ Mess. Welsted & Gray's Ministry, till their Death and 
 in Dr Pemberton's time. And when the two Churches, 
 the Old North & New Brick United into one,^ under the 
 pastoral care of Mr. Lathrop, the Church & Congregation 
 Unanimously chose me Treasurer again. In which Office 
 I served to this Day. But as Old Age came on (being 
 in my 72'' Year) & being in Ch'" servise near 42 Years, 
 I finaly Resigned, on the 3*^ Meeting on the affair, when 
 the Society still requested me to keep the money & 
 Books. I thanked them all for the Respect they had 
 shewn me for so many Years, & finding me determined 
 to quit, They Unanimously Voted me their Thanks for 
 my faithful services (as they called them) for so many 
 Years. Deacon Greenough Accepted of the Treasu- 
 rer Ship till next May. 
 1 78 1 We have had a favorable Winter & but little Snow. But 
 
 Febu^ S"" this Day Friday the 9"' in the morning We found it 
 extreem Cold with a Vapor on the Harbor. The first 
 we have seen this Winter. Wind fresh from W. to 
 N. W. & very Cold all Day 
 Satterday 10"' In the morning We found it Snowing Very fast & fine. 
 Wind about N. N. E. & very Cold & a high Tide. The 
 Docks full of Ice drove in by the storm : the Snow 
 continued falling very fast till sun down, then seas'd. 
 11'" Sunday. A fine Day but bad traviling. The Snow 
 fell 12 Inches upon an everage. Some say 18 
 Monday 12^^ In the morning found it extreem Cold, but clear. Wind 
 about W. & b S. but almost calm. The Harbor skim'd 
 over with Ice as far as we could see. 
 
 Moderate 
 
 ' The Old North Church, being of wood, had been used for fuel by the 
 British troops during the siege in the winter of 1775-6. 
 
88 
 
 1 78 1 Febu- 13 Moderate & good sleding 
 
 14"' A fine warm day. Wind S. S. W, and no want of the 
 nesacarys of Life, but our own produce stil dear 
 
 March 7"' This morning We found it blowing hard at N. E. Which 
 increased to a Storm & before 12 it Snowed fast & very 
 raw Cold 
 8"' In the morning We found it Snowing & still Cold & 
 suppose it Snow'd all night for it was 12 Inches deep 
 on a level. But by 12 O'Clock it began to clear away 
 & the wind got to the Northward & by 3 to N. West 
 and the sun shining made it plesent after the Storm. 
 
 March 30 Friday, being at a Town Meeting where I was Modera'" 
 we was broke up by the Cry of Fire &c, when we soon 
 found a large House, quite down to the Northend of 
 Boston all in flames and the Wind at N. E. blowing very 
 high & a number of Wooden Houses & barns being 
 near & to Leavard & the Flakes of fire blowing to a dis- 
 tance & lighting on many houses which ketch'd on fire 
 made the prospect before us Dredfull. The house was 
 all consumed in 2 howers and the Town preserved by 
 the Goodness of God in a wonderful manner. Many 
 people did not run to the fire as formerly, but kept 
 wetting their houses to leavard. 
 
 April 2 a cold Storm of Snow & Raine, Wind at N. E. The 
 
 latter part of March was very cold & Stormey 
 
 13 Sill very raw Cold. This morning it began to Snow by 
 y2 after 7. very thick till after 9 a. m. 
 
 14 a fine clear morning but very Cold at Sunrising & frose 
 hard last night. 
 
 May 3'^ Fast Day Throw the 13 States. We have had a Cold 
 
 backward Spring : but 2 or 3 Days past something warm''. 
 
 Tuesday 
 
THE BRITISH SURRENDER AT YORKTOWN. 
 
 1781 May 8 Tuesday came on a N. E. Storm with Raine 
 
 9^'' Storm Continues & last night it blew a very great Storm 
 
 & a high Tide, (being just after the full Moon) which 
 
 did much Damage to the Wharfs. A great deale of 
 
 Raine fel in 2 Days & nights & very cold for the Season 
 
 1 1^'' A fine clear morning & a white frost 
 
 June & July A fine groing Season. Every nesacary plenty, but very 
 dear as the paper money Depreciated, Till at last the 
 old paper Emision, so called, by the middle of May 
 [had] sunk so, as that it did not pass, which threw the 
 Trade into confution. 
 
 Aug"' 6*'' 4 O'clock P. m. Extreem hot since 8 or 9 this a. m. 
 Just came oute of my Garden, where stood a Vinegar 
 Cask, with a Quart Bottle as usual in the Bunghole. I 
 took the Bottle in my hand & felt it so hot with the 
 Suns Shining on it that I could not hold it i^ of a 
 minute. 
 8'*^ This is the 3*' Day of Extreem heat. 
 
 Ocf Good Weather & every Nesacary, plenty except hard 
 
 Cash, for the paper Curency stop'd about the i*' to 10"' 
 Julyi 
 
 Ocf 26 This morning A hand Bill as follows. 
 
 Cap' Lovett from York-River (Virginia) Chesapeake Bay 
 brought us the Glorious News of the surrender of lord 
 Cornwallis & his Army, prisoners of War to the Allied 
 Army- under the Command of our Illustrious Gen' 
 
 Washington 
 
 ' Although not generally current after the middle of May, some persons 
 appear to have accepted the paper money for two months longer. 
 
 ' The allied army contained about 7,000 French and 9,000 Continental 
 troops and militia. 
 
90 
 
 1 78 1 Oct' 26 Washington & the French Fleet Commanded by his 
 
 Excelency the Count de Grasse. A Cessation of Arms 
 took place the 18"' Octo'.^ and the 19"' the Allied Army 
 took possession of York-Town. By this Glorious Con- 
 quest 9000 of the Enemy,"^ including Seamen &c fell 
 into our hands with an emence quantity of Warlike 
 Stores, Viz* Brass cannon &c 95 Iron do. Svvavels &c 169 
 from I pound to 24 pounders : Shot &c &c in propor- 
 tion : Regimential Standards, German, 32, British 41, 
 Total -j^. 
 Octo''. Fire Arms 5,743 Muskets with Bayenots, 915 without 
 
 bayenots 1136 d" damaged, Carbines pistoles &c &c &c 
 a vast number, wagons. Horses &c &c. Provisions 276 
 Bar'. Flour 520 bags Bread 96 bbs Beef 365 bbs Pork 
 361 firkins Butter, 58 Cask Oatmeal 596 bbs Peas, 
 quantity 2,985 bushels, 13 Casks liquers, 26 Bags Coffee, 
 20 Bags cocoa, 50 bags Salt, 3 hog* Sugar, 3 Casks 
 Vinegar, 3 Jars Oil, 29 Barrels rice, i cask Reasons. 
 A List of Vessels taken, or destroyed at s'' York : the 
 Charon 44 guns, Guardalop 28 Foway 24, Bonetta 14, 
 Vulcan a fire Ship, a privateer of 20 Guns. 2 Duch 
 prises; near a 100 Transports & other Vessels. The 
 naval prisoners Exclusive of those belonging to the 
 private Transports and other Vessels are 840, perhaps 
 as many more not mentioned. A marvilous Affair in 
 the course of Providence. In Octo'' a great number of 
 
 Young 
 
 ' The armistice was on the 17th October. After forty-eight hours 
 of negotiations, the troops marched out of Yorktown and laid down their 
 arms. 
 
 * There were 7,073 prisoners taken, besides losses before the surrender 
 amounting to 586 on the British side. 
 
1 78 1 Octo' Young Children died, but about the midle of Nov' the 
 
 distemper abated. 
 Dec"" 13"' A general Thanksgiving throu' the 13 Provinces, every 
 necessary plenty and provision cheeper that it has been 
 for 3 Years past. 
 1 5^*" Fine Weather & good sleding 3 Days past 
 
 1782 Jan^' 12 We have had prety good weather till last Evening came 
 
 on a Snow Storm & this morning it blew hard & very 
 Cold. Snow'd fast, Wind from N. E. to E. A. m., P. m 
 Wind vear'd more N. 
 
 13 Sunday morning cold. Snow 10 or 12 Inches deep very 
 few people at meeting 
 
 14 Plesent 
 
 15 In the morning very Cold with a large Vapor on the 
 Harbor. The first we have seen this Winter. 
 
 16 This morning extreem Cold. The Harbor froze over 
 as far as we could see by noon, & P. m. clear & mod- 
 erate 
 
 17 This morning again extreem Cold. Wind W. & b S. 
 The harbor as yesterday morning skim'd over with Ice, 
 which yesterday P. m. the Ebb Tide carred off 
 
 18 & 19 A Thaw 
 2 1 Grew Cold 
 
 22'' In the morning extreem Cold. Wind W. & b N. A 
 large Vapor on the Water 
 23 & 24*'' In the morning We found it snowing fast & very Cold. 
 Wind N. E. blew fresh & suppos'd it [continued] all 
 night for we found it Snowing in the morning & very 
 Cold. Wind at N. till about noon [when] the wind 
 vear'd to the West, cleared up & we had a fine P. m. 
 Snow 12 Inches deep on the last snow 
 
 This 
 
92 
 
 1/82 Janu'' 2i 
 
 29 
 Febu>'. i^ 
 
 Monday 11*' 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 22 & 23^' 
 24"' 
 25 
 
 April 26 
 
 May 2^ 
 June 22 
 
 This morning Snowing as large flakes as I ever Saw. 
 Suppose it Snowed most of the Night, as it was at 9 
 A. M. 8 Inches deep on the Old snow. 
 Extreem Cold. Wind W & be N 
 do but little wind at VV & be S. 
 
 This is the 4*'' Day of extreem Cold & this morning 
 till 10 O'clock I don't remember ever to have felt it 
 Colder: About 12 it began to moderate & Calm, 
 for 4 or 5 Days past prety moderat, til 1 1 this Day. the 
 Wind Came on fresh at N. W. & Continu'd very Cold at 
 sundown and all night till Sunday Noon, when wind got 
 to S.W. & 
 a. fine Day 
 
 about 8 last evening came on a Gale at W. grew Cold & 
 this morning found it extreem Cold Wind West 
 fine moderat Day til sundown. Wind came on fresh & 
 Cold 
 
 Extreem Cold in the morning 
 fine & pleasent 
 
 Extreem Cold. A Vapor on the Water in the morning 
 Clear & extreem Cold. The Harbor skimmed over 3 
 mornings with ice 
 
 for 10 Days past we have had very raw, cold uncomfort- 
 able Weather. The Wind from N & b E. to N. E. 
 without vearing 3 points for 10 or 12 Days and an 
 abondance of Raine 
 
 fine Weather. S. W. Wind. Grass thick & growing 
 finely, but the 
 
 again Cold & raw. Wind at N. E, & more Raine 
 Extreem hot Weather for 3 Days, but this evening 
 some black Clouds came over with Thunder & Light- 
 ning 
 
93 
 
 THE MARRIAGE JUBILEE. 
 
 1782 June 22 ning & a smart Shower but still continued very hot. 
 
 But Sabbath morning 
 
 23*^ found the ear much colder & but little Wind at east: 
 but at noon the Wind came again to the South & was 
 soon extreem hot; But about the Middle of Sermon 
 P. m. som black Clouds came up from the West, and 
 on a Sudden there came a terable gust of Wind, that 
 made the People, Doors & Windows Tremble : and 
 in about half an hower a smart Shower & some Thunder : 
 and at times fine Showers till near sundown, When the 
 Sun broke oute before it sett & for a Quarter of an 
 hower as fine & large A Rainbow as I ever Saw apear'd 
 and all nature appear'd most Charming, with a S. W. 
 Breaze. 
 
 24 a fine Clear Day. Wind at West 
 
 June 26 A fine Day and this Day I have ben marred just fifty 
 
 Years to the beloved Wife of my Youth with whome 
 throw the goodness of God to us Sc ours, We have lived 
 the whole Time very comfortably & at this Day are So, 
 Jubilee We have in our youth full Days had Six Children 3 
 
 Sons & 3 Daughters, but our two Eldest Sons Died at 
 Sea, John our first born in his 23*^ Year & James in his 
 17**". We have had 12 Grandsons & 4 Granddaughters, 
 but we have lost by Death 6 Grandsons 2 of them Men 
 grown viz*. Tomey Stanly & Cap* Will'" Thompson ; 
 Granddaughters all living Except one. As this day 
 compleated the fifty years of our marrage (and in all 
 that Time We have never ben absent 5 Weeks at one 
 Time from Each Other. We kept a Day of jublee and 
 
 made 
 
94 
 
 1782 June 26 made an Entertainment for our Children & their Chil- 
 
 Jubilee dren (all that was Living). And a Lovely sight & Day 
 
 we had of it, to see so many of a family to gather on 
 such an acation. Blessed be God for it. If our first 
 born John had ben living he would have bin in his 50'^' 
 year. Our oldest Daughter Mary present in her 48*^ 
 year. 
 August 8 An extreme Dry time very little Raine for 5 Weeks last 
 past This day was Lanch'd at Clark's Yard^ the 
 French Packet Brig called the Dragon, built for the 
 King of France. She is to mount 18 carrage Guns: 
 from the Day her Keel was laid till Lanch'd was but 5 
 Weeks & 3 Days. This was the i^' vessell ever Lanch'd 
 in Boston under French collors, with a Number of Green 
 Bows round the Quarters &c according to the French 
 mode. A great Number of Spectators, a fine Lanch 
 &c &c. 
 Aug'^ 9 Extreem hot & dry, but just before 4 O'Clock P. m 
 came up a Cool East Wind this morning soon after 
 Sunrising we had the Larm Guns fired and by 4 P. m. 
 I saw 10 large French ships in Sight. Som came to 
 anchor in Nantasket road. Some in King road. 2 
 Came up near the Town 
 14*^' One of the 74 Gun Ships came to saile & by some bad 
 manigement got on Lovell's Island Point just after high 
 Water, where she was lost, but the People, Stores &c 
 was saved. 
 19*'^ This morning came on a fine Raine after an extreem 
 dry time 
 
 Still 
 ' Clark's Ship-yard was at the foot of Clark Street at the North End. 
 
95 
 
 1782 Sepf. 8 Still very dry & two Days in this Week viz'. 5'" & 7"" 
 
 Extreem hot. Wind S. S. W. 
 
 Septcni'" 11"' A. m. Still hot & Dry; but before 10 came on a fine 
 Shower of Raine for aboute 4 howers, this changed the 
 are & the 1 2**" Wind about West & cool 
 The Summer just past has bin the dryest for 20 Years 
 past viz*. 1762 when there was two dry summers follow- 
 ing. But this Drouh is chcefly in & to the Westward of 
 Boston for 50 miles, but to the Eastward & in the 
 Southern States we hear that they have had a fine 
 Season. 
 25*'' Continues extreem dry (tho' yesterday P. m. we had a 
 Shower of half a ower). This Day my Well was Dry, 
 the i'''^ time since I dug it, 20 Years ago this Month. 
 
 Octo'. I Stil Extreem Dry Weather til this morning, came on a 
 stidy Rain for 4 or 5 howers 
 30 & 3 1 A plenty of Raine 
 
 Nov'". 2'\ Clear & Cold, this is the first morning we have seen any 
 Ice this fall 
 On Sunday Nov''. 10 A. m. I went to the Chappie^ in Boston to hear Mr. 
 Freeman^ Read prayers & preach. His Tex was Search 
 the Scriptures. The Old South people met with the 
 Church people. In the forenoon the Ch'' of England 
 Service was carred on & P. m. the Congregation' way 
 and boath Worship'' togather with the Ministers, tho' 
 Mr Freeman was not Ordain'd, as he could not go to 
 England in those unhappy times of War with England. 
 And the Reason of the 2 Congregations meeting in this 
 way was, that when the British troops had possession 
 
 of 
 
 ' King's Chapel, corner of School and Tremont .Streets. 
 ^ Dr. James Freeman. 
 
96 
 
 THE FRENCH TROOPS EMBARK AT BOSTON. 
 
 782 Nov''. 10 of the Town, they cruely tore down all the inside of the 
 
 Old South Meeting house to exercise their Horses in, 
 So that when the people that where forss'd oute of 
 Town return'd they was oblig'd to borrow the Chappie 
 to meet in. The Chappie people then went to Trinity 
 Church^ as Doc"". Canner ' their Minister went off 
 with the British troops, when they where destitute of a 
 preacher for some years, as the War continued between 
 England & America. But about this time the Chappie 
 people and said Freeman Agreed and with the Old 
 South people met& Worshipt'd as aforesaid, and to me 
 it was Agreeable to see former Bigatree so far gon & 
 going off, and God grant that for Time to come 
 boath Churchmen & Desenters may live in peace & 
 Love 
 Dec^ 6 about 5 O'Clock this morning We saw a Ship of 300 
 
 Tons, just off the end of long Wharf, on fire & by 6 
 was all in a blaze, the Wind at West & fresh, she was 
 soon consum'd with her cargo of masts spares &c. 
 This week arived in Boston from Providence R. IsF the 
 French Troops, som say 3, som 4 or 5 thousd in order 
 to Imbark for the West Ind^, on board the French fleet 
 now in the Harbor & in Nantasket Road. 
 10 Jemmy Thompson came to live with us for som time in 
 
 order 
 
 ' Trinity Church was first opened for services in the old wooden church, 
 in 1735, on the corner of Hawley and Summer streets. In 1823 the 
 granite church was built on the same site, and destroyed in the great fire of 
 1872. Rev. Addington Davenport was the first rector. 
 
 * Dr. Henry Caner carried off with him 2,800 oz. of silver service, and 
 all the records and vestments of the church, which were never recovered. 
 
97 
 
 1782 Dec''. 10 order to go to School in Boston & on the ii Inst went 
 
 to Mr. School in State Street. 
 
 1 1 We have had moderat Weather all this fall & Winter 
 
 except a Day or 2 & Snow is Kept off in & near Bos- 
 ton, provision plenty but dear, partly owing to a 
 Number of Troops & Strangers in & about Town 
 
 24 French fleet Sailed about i O'Clock from Nantasket 
 Boston Harbour &c with a number of Troops on Board. 
 
 25 This morning about 2 O'Clock a fire broke out at the 
 North Mills ' in Boston, which entirely consumed them 
 with a Number of Stores & Stables near, a 1,000 bush- 
 els of Grain, Cocoa, Chocolate &c &c where burnt, with 
 all the Cocolate Works ; allso horses & hogs. The fire 
 made a terable blaze, but as the Wind was light, about 
 Northerly, carried the Flames & Sparks over the pond,^ 
 the Safety of the Town under providence was preserved. 
 
 31 Yesterday P. m. & last Night came on an Easterly 
 
 Storm of Snow, & Raine in the evening, but this morn- 
 ing a pleasant Wind West 
 
 1783 Janu^ f^ this Evening it blew fresh at West & grew Cold 
 
 8'" In the morning We found it clear & Cold 
 9"> Cloudy & Extreem Cold the Harbor skimm'd Over 
 with Ice as far as we could See 
 Jan-^ 10"' Friday morning. See it Snowing Small snow & very 
 fast that continued all Day. Satterday morning Still 
 Snowing but not so much as yesterday, & suppos'd it 
 snow'd all Night as the snow was 18 Inches deep & stil 
 
 Cold, 
 
 ' These mills stood near Endicott Court at the North End of Endicott 
 Street, a little south-west of the Gas Works. 
 
 ' The Mill Cove then occupied all the land now traversed by North 
 Margin Street on the east, Haymarket Square and South Margin Street on 
 the west, and portions of the streets crossing these. 
 
98 
 
 783 Jan'. 10''' Cold, the sun broke out by 11 but Clouded up again 
 by one 
 15 again Extreem Cold 
 
 17, 18 & 19 Warm, a Janu^ Thaw 
 
 last Sabath 12"^ Our Ch" began to Sing P. m. Doc/ 
 Watts's Hymns ^ as per a Vote of the Church : We had a 
 Subscrip". for a N'' of Books that we gave to the poor 
 which was put into Col. Proctors ^ & my hands to 
 distribute 
 
 Febu^. I Extreem Cold yesterday & last Night & this morning 
 
 3 Yesterday Sunday Sz: Candlem^ Day. Extreem Cold, & 
 
 this morning stil extreem Cold & the Harbor cover'd 
 with Ice, Wind stil West & clear Weather. 
 
 Satterday We had a very hard Storm Wind about South all Day, 
 
 March i'* from 10 to 3 in the afternoon it blew Extreem hard, 
 but moderated before Night. 
 
 Monday 3'' prety Cold : & about Sundown thear apeared in the 
 Clouds an uncommon Redness boath in the S. W. & 
 N. E. for 15 or 18 minutes, So firy that many people 
 was surpris'd but nothing uncommon the Night or 
 Morning following. 
 
 10 Monday Yesterday P. m. in Sermon time a very dark Cloud 
 came over Attended with a heave Gale of Wind about 
 West, grew Cold, the Wind Continu'd blowing very 
 hard all Night : in the Morning found it extreem Cold 
 for the time of year, it frose hard (in the shade) all 
 Day 
 ijth \Ye found it extreem Cold in the morning & a great 
 
 deal 
 
 ' Deacon Tudor had given $500 to encourage gO(3d singing in the 
 Second Church. 
 
 * Colonel Edward Proctor, a Boston merchant, one of the committee 
 appointed to regulate prices in Continental money. 
 
99 
 
 PEACE PROCLAIMED. 
 
 1783 March 11'" deal of Ice made last night, but the Wind abated and 
 more to the Southward, but continues Cold. 
 22 A. M. fine Weather, but P. m. came on very raw Cold 
 23'' Sunday morning found it snowing fast & by 8 O'Clock 
 the Snow was 9 Inches deep, but it Clear'd away by 1 1 
 & prety moderate. 
 April 1 1"> we have had a Dry time for 3 Weeks past 
 
 12 a considerable Raine Wind E. 
 
 13 Clear & very Cold for the Season frose hard last Night 
 
 18 very warm yesterday & this Day for the Season 
 
 19 In the morning the Wind sprung up at West & coninu'd 
 riseing & by 1 1 O'Clock it was very Cold for the 
 season 
 
 Ap^ 23*^ At Noon a Cessation of Arms ' against Great Britton 
 
 Peace was declar'd from the Balcony of the Townhouse. 
 
 May r' We have had as dry an Ap'. as ever I remember, but 
 
 yesterday P. m. We had a small Shower & do, at 9 
 
 in the Evening 
 June r* Yesterday & this Day (Sabbath) very cold for the time 
 
 of Year. Wind from N. E. to E 
 
 The later part of June & the begining of July as fine a 
 
 growing Season as ever was known 
 July 4'" (Friday) The Anniversary of our Independance was 
 
 observed in Boston. The Court at 1 1 O'Clock was 
 
 escorted by the Train of Artillery to Doc'. Coopers 
 
 Meeting, when Doc'' Cooper made an elegant address 
 
 to 
 
 ' The first treaty, where the British Government acknowledged the 
 independence of the United States, had been signed on the 30th November, 
 1 782, when hostilities ceased. The final treaty of peace was not signed 
 until 3d September, 1783. 
 
lOO 
 
 1783 July 4'" to the Assembly and a well adapted prayer, then an 
 
 Anthem [was] Sung and the Solemnity concluded by 
 an Oration delivered by Dr John Warren ^ at the request 
 of the Town. 
 24 AUmost every thing plenty and a fine groing Season 
 
 Extreem hot, Wind about S. W. A plenty of provision 
 
 Aug'^ 24 Sabbath, extreem hot yesterday & toDay. Wind S. W. 
 
 Sept^ A plenty of Raine and all the Nessacarys of life. 
 
 Octo"". Ditto 
 
 Novem'. i'' Last Night about 11 O'Clock came on a good deal of 
 hard Thunder & sharp Lightning and all the Week past 
 verry Raw Cold Weather with a greate deal of Raine 
 til this afternoon the weather broke with the first Quarter 
 of the Moon : for 6 Weeks past we have had as much 
 Raine as ever I remember in sutch a space of time. 
 
 Monday Died Doc''. Sam*. Cooper in the 59 Year of his age & 
 
 Dec^ 29 [40th year] of his minestry, his Corps was caried into 
 
 1784 Jan 2^ the Church, where a Sermon was Deliver'd by the Rev''. 
 
 Mr Clark ^ to a great concourse of people 
 April 17 A very Cold Day. Wind at N. W. & be W. & Snowed 
 
 all Day. We have had the longest & Coldest Winter 
 
 that has bin since 1741 
 August S: We have had a Dry Summer & Fall but no great want 
 Septem'". of anything, as the Navigation is all free, a fine Dry 
 
 fall 
 
 ' Dr. John Warren was born at Roxbury, 27th July, 1753; graduated at 
 Harvard College in 1771 ; studied medicine with his brother General 
 Joseph Warren, and in 1773 removed to Salem. After his brother's death 
 at Bunker Hill he joined the army as surgeon, and remained until 1777, 
 when he took charge of the mihtary hospitals in Boston until the end of 
 the war. He died 14th April, 1815. 
 
 ' Rev. John Clark, D.D., was born in 1765; graduated at Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1774; made associate with Dr. Chauncy in 1778 over the First 
 Church; died 1807. 
 
lOI 
 
 1784 August & 
 Septem''. 
 
 Nov"". 26 
 
 High tide comes 
 into my gard" 
 
 27 
 
 1785 
 
 Aue*' 12 
 
 1786 March 24* 
 
 May 7'" 
 
 fall & moderate. By the middle of Novem'' Wood was 
 Cheeper than in July last. That I cant learn that any 
 one ever remembered before. 
 
 this morning We found a smart Gale at E. with a plenty 
 of Rain that Encreas'd to a terable Storm by 1 1 and 
 brought in a high Tide over all the Wharfs, conce- 
 quently som Thousand pounds damage in sugar Salt 
 &c, but before i P. m. it was allmost Calm, before 2 a 
 small brease came on at S. and by 4 a smart Gale at 
 S. W. that continu'd til bedtime. 
 
 A Moderat Cloudy Morning with a fresh wind at S. W. 
 A Cold backward Spring til May; in June & July a 
 fine groing Season and Butter & many things begin to 
 fall. Money, viz*, hard Cash is very Scarse, owing to 
 multitudes in Town & Contrey runing into Dress &c 
 and Cash being Shiptd to England &c for vain Super- 
 fluetys 
 
 This P. m. I atended as a paul-holder to Deacon Green- 
 ough's Funeral, he was in his 'j^ year. — And alass this 
 Day at 12 Deacon Brown Died. He was in his yj year, 
 boath Brother Deacons & Acquainted from our youth 
 and to the last we held a Brotherly Love together, 
 this Day I went to Trinity Church, a. m. to hear Bishop 
 Seabury from Connec' preach & Conferm a number of 
 Men Women & Children, his Text from Acts 8*'' & 
 17 V's The I** Bishop I ever saw: he preach [ed] & 
 confirm'd soon after a number at the North Church 
 Call'd Christ Ch" 
 
 I Rezined my office as Treasurer ^ to the 2^ Church in 
 
 Boston 
 
 ' The following extract is from the last sermon preached in the Second 
 Church by Rev. Chandler Robbins, on ii March, 1844, just before the 
 church was abandoned : " At the head of these stands Deacon John Tudor, 
 
OPENING OF THE FIRST CHARLESTOWN 
 BRIDGE. 
 
 1786 May 7*'' Boston and the Ch" Chose Deacon Ridgway in my room. 
 
 The Ch'' voted me Thanks for my past Services &c. 
 then chose a com*" to examin my accounts: the 
 com^"" mett on the 10*^ May 
 
 May 10 When s'' Com*'' was pleas'd to say, they Wished Every 
 
 Officer's Accounts &c was as well settled as mine. I 
 paid the Ballance in my hands to Treasurer Ridgway: 
 Rec* given at the Settlement in the Ch'^ Book at the 
 close of the account. J. Tudor 
 31 Lection Day, I went down to Charleston Ferry P. m. 
 
 and saw the last pear of the Bridge settled, & the Guns 
 fired for joy on the acation, as allso for the Election. 
 
 June 17 This day Charles River Bridge^ was finish'd, when a 
 
 vast concourse of people passed over : There was two 
 Tables of 320 feet sett up on Bunker's hill, the place 
 where the Battle was foug't with the Brittons this Day 
 II Years, on the Day Charleston was burnt. This Day 
 of festivity & joy was Kept so as to Entertain 800 
 Gentlemen; the Governor's &c &c was present. 13 
 Tosts &c was drank &c &c. Sutch a Concourse of 
 
 people, 
 
 a man of no less sincere piety than sterling honor; prudent in his affairs 
 ' and systematic in his arrangements. His labors for the good of the society 
 
 during his own day were various and indefatigable. Nor was he unmindful 
 of those that should come after him. Nearly all the most valuable records 
 of the church and society during the eighteenth century were fully and 
 carefully kept by himself. If it M'ere not for his careful and untiring pen 
 nearly the whole of the ministry of Welsteed, Gray, and Pemberton would 
 have been to us but little better than a blank. He was also a pecuniary 
 benefactor of the society, and treasurer for about forty-two years." See 
 Robbins' " History of Second Church," p. 199. 
 
 ' This was the lower Charlestown bridge close to Copp's Hill. 
 
I03 
 A HUNDRED BUILDINGS BURNED. 
 
 1786 June 17 people, Carriages &c I never Saw at one Time before: 
 
 Said Bridge is 1503 feet long encluding the abutments 
 and is the greatest peice of Work ever don in Emerica. 
 For the first pier of the Bridge was drove on the 14"' 
 June 1785 & the Bridge completed on the 17"' June 
 1786 12 mo & 3 Days. The greatest depth of the 
 river from the upper floring 46 feet 9 Inches. Small 
 part 14 feet at high Water: The breadth of the Bridge 
 42 feet & Ornamented with 40 Lamps, which make 
 a Sparkling Show in the Night The town & Contrey 
 soon found the Advantage of this Bridge. 
 
 1787 March The Winter past has bin long & to many distressing, 
 
 the money very scarce & but little Business going on. 
 April 16 My Grandson W"' Savage ^ went to MrTilston's ^ School 
 April 20 (Friday Evening) About Sunset a Fire broke out at the 
 South part of Boston and within about 3 hours was 
 never Equalled in this town, excepting in the year 
 171 1 & 1760. It raged on both Sides the Street 10 or 
 15 buildings being in flames in a few minutes, til about 
 100 buildings were destroyed ; sixty of which were 
 dweling houses, many Elegant ones. Among them was 
 a hansom meeting house. Subscriptions & Colections 
 was set on foot to relieve the unhappy sufferers & large 
 sums obtained. 
 
 1788 Novem"" 11 Last evening our two Granddaughters Jane & Betsy=^ 
 
 Savage 
 
 ' William Savage was the elder brother of James Savage, the famous 
 genealogist. 
 
 " John Tileston, who presided over the Eliot School for more than 
 sixty-five years. The school was on North Eennet Street at the North End. 
 ^ Elizabeth Savage married John Cooper in 1791. 
 
104 
 
 1788 Novem'' ii Savage went to Notels Hand ^ to board with Mr. Will- 
 
 iams their Dear mother being Dead & the House broke 
 up &c 
 12 Just at 1 1 came in a mesenger &told me that my Farm- 
 house at Lynn was Burnt down yesterday P. m. in the 
 time of the Terable Storm we had. So uncertain is all 
 below the Sun. The Lord gives & he takes away. 
 Bless'', be his Name &c &c. 
 
 1789 May 23 P. m. We had the good News Conferm'd of our Daughter 
 
 Tudor's being Safely Delivered of a Son ^ at Dorchester 
 22'' We have had a Cold May &c, til this Day, but throug 
 
 mercy everything plenty, but money his hardly to 
 [be] com at. 
 1790 April Very Cold for the Season on the 17, 18 & 19 till Sumer 
 began. Summer most things plenty but mone}-, but 
 money Scarce. 
 Decem"". Sett in with Rain & snow, Cold &c lasted all the month. 
 
 1 79 1 Janu'', I A very Cold Snow Storm that lasted all day, at ev^' 
 broke 
 2^ Clear & very Cold, the Snow from 3 Snow Storms in 
 Drifts is in some places from 4 to 6 feet high upon a 
 Level as the Contrey people say 'tis 
 July 5 P. m. My son W™ Tudor's right leg was broak at Notamy by 
 the kick of a horse & brought safe to his house in 
 Boston on the 7"^ 
 1792 In June we by a Letter from our Grandson Cooper'* who 
 
 Lives 
 
 ' Noddle's Island. 
 
 ^This was James Tudor, who died 9 August, 1797. 
 
 ^ John Cooper was born in Boston, 13 December, 1765; was educated 
 at the Boston Latin School. He removed to Machias, j\Ie., in 1790; 
 was High Sheriff of Washington County, Me , for thirty years, and 
 Treasurer of Washington County for six years; was Brigadier-General of 
 
y^ yt;>t^^^^^^^:riy'^. 
 
1/92 Lives at Machias had the Agreeable news of our Dear 
 
 granddaughter Betsy's safe DeHverance of a Great 
 Grandson born the 6"' ins* who was soon baptized by 
 the Name of John Tudor ^ by the Rev" Mr Lyon June 
 6'*" 1792 the Great Grandson J. Tudor was born about 
 3 P. m. on a Wednesday in 1792 he was Wean'd June 
 6 1793, which he took finely. A Lovely fine Boy as 
 good Natured as ever I saw, Bessed be God for all. 
 We might by this time have had a Number, But alass 
 our oldest Grand Children has been Dead some time. 
 Lord preserve all. 
 Aug. 30. This day my grandsons W"' Tudor '^ & W" Savage were 
 
 both 
 
 Massachusetts Militia from 1803-11; in 1812 was chosen Commissioner 
 to deliver to Congress the electoral votes of Massachusetts; in 181 6 was 
 a delegate to the convention, at Brunswick, for the separation of Maine 
 from Massachusetts ; in 1822 he removed to Cooper, Me., where he died 
 the iSth November, 1845. 
 
 'John Tudor Cooper died, 22 March, 1812. '' 
 
 * William Tudor was the eldest son of Colonel Tudor, born in Boston, 28 
 January, 1779; was prepared for college at Phillips Academy, Andover, and 
 graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1796. He was sent to 
 Paris on business by John Codman, Esq., soon after graduation, and after 
 his return to Boston, again sailed for Leghorn, and made a tour of Europe 
 for pleasure and study. In 1805 he was one of the founders of the 
 Anthology Club, out of which grew the Boston Athenaeum, of which he 
 v,as one of the founders. In the fall of the same year he went to the West 
 Indies with James Savage, in connection with his brother Frederic's business 
 of the ice trade; and in 1807 went to France on the same business. In 
 1810 he went again to Europe, as agent of Stephen HJgginson, Esq. In 
 1815 he founded the " North American Review," which is still in existence, 
 and edited it for many years. He was the originator and one of the 
 founders of the Bunker Hill Monument. He delivered the Phi Beta Kappa 
 oration in 1815, and the 4th of July oration, in Boston, in 1809. He pub- 
 lished, besides a " Life of James Otis" (his most noted work), " Letters 
 from the Eastern States," and "Gebel Teir." Having been appointed 
 consul for Lima, he left Boston, in November, 1S23; was charge d'affaires 
 at Rio in 1827, and died there of yellow fever, 9 March, 1830. 
 
io6 
 
 1792 Aug. 30. both inoculated for the small-pox. Broke out the Be- 
 ginning of Sep'', both did well. Mercy. Mercy. 
 Memorandum of the great small-pox in Sep"". 1792 
 At a meeting at Faneuil Hall on Monday Octo"" 8^" 1792 
 Report was made to the Town that last Week the 
 Selectmen and Overseers of the poor with a number 
 of Clergy and other Gentlemen visited all the Families 
 in the several Wards in this Town in order to ob" a 
 particular Account of the Small pox &c As follows 
 
 Whites by Inoculation 
 
 8,804 
 
 died 
 
 158 
 
 Blacks Ino^' 
 
 384 
 
 died 
 
 7 
 
 dit° Natural way 
 
 18 
 
 d" 
 
 6 
 
 Number from the country 
 
 1038 
 
 
 
 Removed out of Town 
 
 262 
 
 
 
 Subject to infect" 
 
 221 
 
 
 
 It is to be observed that tho' the number is said to be 
 221, in those are included many children &c 
 The town voted Unanimously that the Selectmen be 
 requested to take all legal Measures for Removal of 
 persons who do not belong to this Town 
 
 By Order W" Cooper Town Clerk 
 
 1793 Oct I"* Warm with a S. W. Wind so small that the flys was as 
 
 Troublesome as ever. Ditto on 3'^ day as on the i"' 
 4'" D" 
 
 S*'' At 1 1 fine Weather d" on ye 9*" & 10"' 
 
 f^ Calm ordinary. Fine Weather for the Season, do 
 
 the 8"' & till ye 10"' extraordinary for the Season. 
 The flys very troublesome Still. So Warm at 1 1 'tis 
 
 more 
 
I07 
 
 1793 Oct. f" more like Summer than October. Governor Hancock 
 
 lays Dead. He Died on the 5 Ins* morning 
 1 1'" Warm, extreordenery Warm, Clear &c for the Season 
 
 14 Governor Hancock Bured this P. m. The Bells began 
 
 to Toll at SunRise for Yz an hower. A great perade 
 &c this P. m. of Guns &c &c. Flys very Busey at 
 Noon 
 
 SO END 
 IHE MEMORANDUMS. 
 
io8 
 
 COPY OF DEACON JOHN TUDOR'S WILL. 
 
 From Probate Records. Suffolk County, Mass., Vol. gj, p. sg^. 
 
 I John Tudor of Boston in the County of Suffolk and Commonwealth 
 of Massachusetts Esquire, now near eighty three years old, but being 
 through the goodness of God in good health and understanding and 
 memory do with my own hand write and through this now ordain this to 
 be my last Will and Testament. And first I order my just debts and 
 funeral expenses to be paid as soon as may be after my decease. — Also 
 I give & bequeath to my beloved Wife Jane Tudor with whom I have 
 happily and comfortably lived more than Sixty years being married on 
 the 15"' of June 1732. To her I say I give the House I now dwell in and 
 all its appurtenances together with the use of all my plate that may be in 
 the house excepting what I have before given away, and all my Household 
 furniture during her life, but she shall sell none, and I desire and direct 
 my executor hereafter named to keep the said House and Fencing in good 
 repair; and I do further give my said Wife an Annuity of one hundred 
 and fifty dollars per year to be paid her quarterly 37 & >2 dollars out of 
 the interest arising from my bonds and mortgages ; — Also I give to my 
 Daughter Mary Thompson (now a Widow during) her Widowhood the 
 Sum of Fifty dollars to be paid her quarterly 12 Dols & Yz I 
 give to my Daughter in law Dil'* Tudor my sons wife two hundred 
 Dollars to be disposed of as she thinks proper, also I give to each 
 of the 9 Children of my deceased Daughter Eliz" Savage five dol- 
 lars to be paid to them upon their arriving at the age of twenty 
 one,^ or day of marriage ; and in case of the death of either of them the 
 said Legacy to be equally divided among the living Brothers & Sisters. I 
 give devise and bequeath to my only son Will"' Tudor Esq all the rest 
 residue and remainder of my estate Real Personal & mixed and I do 
 hereby constitute him my said Son the Executor of this my last Will, and 
 ' This legacy of $5 was increased to ^500 each by William Tudor, the executor, who inherited 
 ■the bulk of the estate. 
 
109 
 
 I prohibit any Inventory being taken of my estate to be lodged in any 
 office. And I do Earnestly recommend to my Son the tender & affection- 
 ate care of his aged Mother (but I think I need not give this caution as 
 he has always been a dutiful child) this may bring a blessing on him and 
 his Amen, as to my Tomb No 13 with my name on it at the old burying 
 ground at and near the S. E. corner of the Stone Chappel in Boston I say 
 and direct that it shall not be disposed of but kept in the family for the 
 use of my Family till time and death shall be no more — I hereby in case of 
 my Son and Executor's death do appoint my Daughter in law my Son's 
 wife Dil'"". Tudor ^ to be the Administratrix of this my Will. — As I have left 
 my Wife as above the House &c together with the quarterly payment of 
 37 Dols & y2 both which may be a genteel and comfortable maintainance 
 but I leave all as above & before written to the discretion of my Son and 
 Executor; In a particular manner as my Grand Children may turn out 
 And I hereby make void all other Wills before made by me : 
 
 In Witness whereof I hereto set my hand and seal this sixth day of 
 August in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety- 
 two, — at the writing of the above I am in health and good circumstances 
 today but I Know not what may be on the morrow much less what may 
 be next month or year; I may possably live to spend all; If so my Heirs 
 &c must be content to do as well as they can. — I give to my grandson J. 
 H. Tudor my picture in a large four square guilt frame drawn above forty 
 years ago with the paper on the back of it — And further as I being old 
 may die soon I hereby give to my said Son Will" all my four Desks and 
 Glass case as it now hangs full of papers and desire him to take them all 
 away to his House as soon as may be after my Funeral is over, together 
 as they now stand, with all that may be in them as Bonds &c 
 
 John Tudor and a Seal 
 Signed Sealed & Delivered in presence of us 
 
 Henry Roby 
 Thomas Lewis 
 (2 See page 1 10.) Thomas Lewis Jr. 
 
^ Delia Jarvis, the wife of Colonel William Tudor, born i8 Nov. 1753, 
 was the daughter of Elias Jarvis, Jr., and Deliverance Atkins. Her father 
 died early and her mother married for her second husband Capt. ] 
 Young. She belonged to a tory family, but her sympathies appear to 
 have soon turned to the patriots. She had considerable literary ability, 
 and was one of the social celebrities of old Boston after the Revolution. 
 She is said to have learned the Italian language after her eightieth year. 
 The following lines were written in 1843, when she was about ninety, in 
 memory of the battle, for which the monument, in which her eldest son 
 had been much interested, was just then completed at Charlestown. She 
 died a few months after at Washington, 7 Sept. 1843, The lines published 
 24 June, 1843, i" the " National Intelligencer," are as follows: 
 
 Ecclesiastes, Ch. i. V. 9. 
 
 Had it been thine, great King! on earth to stay. 
 And note the dawnings of this peerless day, 
 To future years those words would not resound — 
 That " Nothing new beneath the sun is found." 
 
 Mute as in Heaven, no party strife takes place. 
 
 Though adverse thousands crowd those names to trace 
 
 Who on this hallowed spot in martial pride 
 
 Fought for their country — conquered, bled and died ! 
 
 On Freedom's sons devolve the vast domain, 
 
 Who unimpaired the sacred trust sustain. 
 
 Wilds that no mortal footstep then had pressed, 
 
 A home invites the sufferer — the oppressed. 
 
 No rigid rules depress his daily toil : 
 
 Lord of himself, lord of the cultured soil, 
 
 A happy future opens to his view : 
 
 Rich culture springs where tangled forests grew, 
 
 And children's children in succession rise 
 
 To bless the barque that gained these distant skies. 
 
^t«h^- 
 
 ^'t?!^ 
 
VII 
 MEMOIR OF WILLIAM TUDOR. 
 
 William Tudor, born 8 April, 1750, was the youngest child 
 and the only surviving son of Deacon John Tudor, the two elder 
 brothers having died at sea. He was fitted for college at the 
 Latin school on the South side of School Street, kept by Mr. 
 John Lovell. and entered Harvard University in August, 1765. 
 His room-mate in college was Theopholous Parsons, afterwards 
 Chief Justice and the friendship there begun continued through 
 life. W^illiam Tudor graduated at Harvard in the class of 1769, 
 with considerable reputation as a classical scholar. 
 
 At the age of twenty-one, in 177 1, he entered John Adams' 
 office to study law. The condition of Public affairs in the Prov- 
 ince of the Massachusetts Bay was at this time critical. The 
 Provincial Congress had met for the first time, October, 1765, 
 after the passage of the Stamp Act, nine of the Colonies only 
 being represented. The embargo on British goods had been 
 adopted by all. The mob had destroyed the houses of Oliver 
 and Hutchinson in Boston and in many of the other Colonies 
 had the same riotous proceedings been carried out. The en- 
 forcement of the Stamp Act at this time would have doubtless 
 led to an open rupture, but it was repealed in the following year 
 because the king's party were not yet prepared for open war. 
 But in 1767 a similar act was passed and a powerful fleet and 
 army sent to enforce it. Boston was then considered the hot 
 bed of rebellion, and the presence of the great body of British 
 troops sent to hold the town could lead but to one result, f^irst 
 the exchange of insults between the troops and townspeople 
 culminating finally on that bitter March day of 1770 in the Bos- 
 ton massacre. 
 
 John Adams was the foremost lawyer of the day, not so 
 eloquent as J. Otis, nor so much of a tribune of the people as 
 Sam. Adams, but with a calm mind watching events and always 
 ready to give his legal opinion and the weight of his position to 
 the patriot cause. It was just before leaving Mr. Adams* office 
 
 Errata in line 6 for •' Theopholous" read " Theophilus" 
 
VIII 
 
 that occurred the event at the end of 1773, so momentous for 
 all the Colonies since called the Boston Tea Party. While this 
 destruction of the East India Company's tea in Boston Harbor 
 was the act of a mob, it was without doubt countenanced and 
 probably instigated by the patriot leaders and supported by the 
 public opinion of a majority of the citizens. It was for this 
 reason that the law closing the Port of Boston and the succeed- 
 ing acts annulling the charter were passed at the very time the 
 young lawyer was opening an office for himself. The prospects 
 were certainly gloomy in the extreme. All business had ceased 
 in the town of Boston, and where there was no commerce, there 
 was little occupation in the law. All men knew and felt that 
 war was in the air, and while no overt act had been done, both 
 sides were waiting, and private quarrels were put aside. Wil- 
 liam Tudor had now passed the age of twenty four years; he 
 had completed his studies, had been entered at the bar, and his 
 father probably considered that he had done enough for him. 
 The son had, however, secured the esteem and friendship of 
 Mr. Adams, while in his office, which lasted all his life, and was 
 the cause of the following long letter written in his favor to his 
 father. 
 
 Braintree, July 23, 1774. 
 
 Dear Sir: — 
 
 You will be surprised I believe to receive a letter from me, 
 upon a matter which I have so little right to intermeddle with 
 as the subject of this, I am sensible it is a subject of very 
 great delicacy; but as it is of equal importance to your own 
 happiness and that of your only son, I hope and believe you 
 will receive it, as it is really meant, as an expression of my 
 friendship both to yourself and him, without any other view or 
 motive whatever. Your son has never said a word to me, but 
 from what I have accidentally heard from others I have reason 
 to believe that he is worried and uneasy in his mind. This dis- 
 content is in danger of producing very disagreable effects, as it 
 must interrupt his happiness, and as it may a;id probably will, 
 if not removed, injure his health, and by discouraging his mind 
 and depressing his spirits, disincline him to, or disqualify him 
 for his studies and business. I believe sir, you are not as sen- 
 
IX 
 
 slble as I am, of the difficulty of a young gentleman's get- 
 ting into much business in the practice of the law. It must, in 
 the best of times and for the most promising genius, be work of 
 time. The present situation of public affairs is such as has ren- 
 dered this difficulty tenfold greater than ever. The grant from 
 the crown of salaries to the judges, the proceedings of the two 
 houses of Assembly in relation to it, and the general discontent 
 throughout all the countries of the Province, among jurors and 
 others concerning it, had well-nigh ruined the business of all 
 the lawyers in the government, before the news of the three late 
 acts of Parliament arrived. These acts have put an end to all 
 the business of the law in Boston. The Port act of itself has done 
 much toward this, but the other two acts* have spread through- 
 out the Province such an apprehension that there will be no 
 business for courts for some time to come, that our business is 
 at present in a manner at an end. In this state of things I am 
 sure it is impossible that your son's income should be adequate 
 to his necessary expenses, however frugal he may be, and I have 
 heard that he complains that is not. The expenses for the rent 
 of his office, for his board and washing, must come to a consid- 
 erable sum annually, without counting a farthing for the tran- 
 sient charges, which a young gentleman of the most sober and 
 virtuous character can no more avoid, than he can those for 
 bed and board. So that it is absolutely impossible but that he 
 must run behind hand and be obliged to run in debt for neces- 
 saries, unless he is either assisted by his father, or leaves the 
 town of Boston and betakes himself to some distant place in the 
 country, where, if his business should not be more, his expenses 
 would be vastly less. I am well aware of the follies and vices 
 so fashionable among many of the young gentlemen of our age 
 and country, and if your son was infected with them, would 
 never have become an advocate for him, without his knowledge, 
 as I now am, with his father. I should think the more he was 
 restrained the better. But I know him to have a clear head and 
 an honest, faithful heart. He is virtuous, sober, steady, indus- 
 trious, and constant to his office. Fie is as frugal as he can be 
 in his rank and class of life, without being mean. It is your 
 
 * Mr. Adams was at this period nearly forty years of age. He had been 
 for a long time the most prominent lawyer in Boston and had taken from the 
 beginning a quiet but active interest in all the contests between the crown 
 and the people of the Colonies. His friendship and good offices for William 
 Tudor were continued during his life, as their constant correspondence shows- 
 
 Errata in line 3 for " be work " read " be a work 
 
peculiar felicity to have a son whose behaviour and character 
 are thus deserving. Now there can be nothing in this life so 
 exqisitely painful, to such a mind so humiliating, so mortifying, 
 as to be distrusted by his father — as to be obliged to borrow of 
 strangers, or to run in debt and lie at mercy. A small donation 
 of real or personal estate, made to him now, would probably be 
 of more service to him, than ten times that sum ten years hence. 
 It would give him a small income that he could depend upon — 
 it would give him weight and reputation in the world — it would 
 assist him greatly in getting into business. I am under concern 
 lest the anxiety he i.ovv struggles with should prove fatal to him. 
 I have written' this without his knowledge, and I don't propose 
 ever to acquaint him with it. If you please you may burn this, 
 only I must entreat that you believe it to flow only from real 
 concern for a young gentleman whom I greatly esteem. 
 I am your friend and humble servant, 
 
 JOHN ADAMS. 
 To John Tudor, Esq. Cambridge. 
 
 What was the result of this letter the writer of this does 
 not know, probably it had some effect on the old Deacon, but 
 events were fast shaping themselves in a way to give occupa- 
 tion of a serious nature to all the patriots. Just two months 
 after the writing of the above letter by Mr. Adams, the Provin- 
 cial legislature was dissolved by proclamation of General Gage, 
 but meeting on their own account organized themselves into a 
 Provincial Congress without the Royal Governor's assistance. 
 This was in itself almost a declaration of war, as the now inde- 
 pendent congress was rapidly arming and training troops and 
 gathering warlike munitions. Actual war came on quickly, and 
 in less than seven months the first blood was shed in open bat- 
 tle at Lexington, and within three weeks Ticonderoga was 
 taken by the Patriots After Lexington the siege of Boston 
 was begun, and amongst others shut up there was William 
 Tudor. Why he stayed in the town, a patriot amongst the Brit- 
 ish forces is a simple story. He was in love with a Tory 
 maiden who was so far from any sympathy from her own coun- 
 try that her family still continued to use the taboed tea, the 
 selling and buying of which was considered then little better 
 
XI 
 
 than a crime in the town of Boston. This young woman Delia 
 Jarvis is even said to have given the forbidden drink to the 
 British troops returning exhausted from the Lexington skirmish^ 
 Open warfare was, however, too much for the young patriot 
 lawyer, and soon after the siege of the town was begun by the 
 Provincials, and before all the boats had been seized by Gen- 
 eral Gage, he managed to escape by way of Point Shirley to the 
 Provincial lines vv^here he joined the besieging army at Cam. 
 bridge, on the rath of May, 1775. He found, however, a curi- 
 ous means of visiting the woman of his choice, who had now 
 moved to Noddle Island (P^ast Boston) probably because the 
 city was not only uncomfortable on account of the many troops, 
 but besides a dangerous residence. Like another Leander Wil- 
 liam Tudor swam across from the main land to the Island, car- 
 rying his clothes on his head, and returned in the same way 
 after his visit. He was always a fine swimmer and diver and 
 when a boy is reported to have jumped from the bowsprit end 
 of a frigate, whence none of the officers dared to follow him. 
 
 The gathering of the Provincial forces about the town of 
 Boston and their efforts to fortify the surrounding hills led 
 to the battle of Bunker Hill, and the fearful slaughter of the 
 British troops. General Gage had a taste of what the Provin- 
 cials could do in war, and he never again ventured to attack 
 their entrenchments. The Provincial Congress proceeded rap- 
 idly with the organization of the army, and William Tudor was 
 elected Judge Advocate General of all the forces, with the rank 
 of Colonel, on July 29th, 1775, having been already appointed 
 to that office by General Washington on the 13th, doubtless ow- 
 ing to the good offices of John Adams, and perhaps other friends. 
 This position he retained for about three years, going with the 
 army to New York, and afterwards to the Jerseys. Serving all 
 through that period of profound discouragement to the Patriots, 
 starving with them ac Valley Forge, and receiving little or no pay. 
 After the surrender of Burgoyne there was much trouble between 
 the prisoners and their guards. The English troops of that day 
 were overbearing and insolent in the extreme, and although 
 
XII 
 
 prisoners they appear to have continued much the same actions 
 towards their captors as they were in the habit of following 
 towards the people of the various towns where they were quar- 
 tered. They had a particular contempt for the Americans, be- 
 cause they were Provincials, and they considered them socially 
 inferior. This same tone, more or less prevails in England to- 
 day, and though not so common there as in India, Egypt and 
 other conquered countries, is shown to all foreigners, and ex- 
 plains why the French and other nations of Europe hate the 
 English nation with a deep and lasting hatred. No doubt the 
 American officers and soldiers resented this sort of treatment, 
 and when the same thing came from their prisoners, they were 
 not particularly patient. Colonel Henley was one of those who 
 believed that a prisoner was bound to behave himself with com- 
 mon decency to his superiors, and on receiving unusually inso- 
 lent language from an English corporal, and finding ordinary 
 words of reprimand of no avail, he struck him with a gun which 
 he had taken from one of the guards, wounding him with the 
 bayonet. This probably had a good effect, probably a whip- 
 ping, or close confinement on short rations would have been 
 more effective. The result, however, was somewhat remarka- 
 able. General Burgoyne charged Colonel Henley with "the 
 most indecent, violent, vindictive severity against unarmed men 
 and intentional murder." These charges were not sustained, 
 however, at the court martial ordered to be held. 
 
 At this late day it seems all a trivial incident, but was made 
 much of at the time. General Burgoyne hoped probably to 
 make capital for himself out of the affair. It at all events varied 
 the monotony of prison life. Portions of Colonel Tudor's 
 argument (he had been deputed to defend Henley) have been 
 preserved. The following extracts seem the most striking : — 
 
 "This erect countenance which they boast of, leads them 
 to looking down upon the rest of the world, though not always 
 with impunity. Britain is feared because she is powerful. 
 What pity it is that a native cannot be just as well as gallant. 
 Less pride had prevented the dismemberment of her empire, 
 
XIII 
 
 had saved the blood of thousands and real magnanimity had ere 
 this arrested the hand of destruction from the heads of men 
 whose greatest fault, once the glorious fault of Britons, is the 
 love of freedom." 
 
 " But," says General Burgoyne, " Colonel Henley's conduct 
 had a great effect upon his guards: he was known to be no 
 friend of the British soldiers (sic?) : he had himself wounded 
 one, and ought therefore to be considered as an accomplice in 
 every outrage which took place." If this reasoning is conclusive 
 by the same logic the General himself is an accessory to all the 
 murders perpetrated by the ferocious bipeds the savages, who 
 accompanied and disgraced his army last summer. Ought it to 
 be said that because these black attendants knew that General 
 Burgoyne did not love Americans, that therefore he would be 
 pleased at the butchery of the nerveless old man, defenceless fe- 
 male and infant prattler? because he hated ' rebels,' he there- 
 fore influenced the Indians to massacre that young unfortunate 
 the inoffending and wretched Miss McCrea ! " 
 
 The latter portion of this speech is said to have brought 
 tears to the eyes of General Burgoyne. A characteristic re- 
 mark of Colonel Henley after this trial was in requesting his 
 defender to shoot him because in the use of the words at his 
 trial that he " was a man of passionate and impetuous temper '' 
 his defender had ruined him in the estimation of the woman he 
 loved. This trial of Colonel Henley was in January, 1778. 
 The French had after the capture of Burgoyne decided to recog- 
 nize the united Colonies and take an active part in the war for 
 their independence. Though much fighting was to be done, the 
 darkest days of the struggle had passed away, and the whole of 
 New England was hereafter freed from the presence of Brit- 
 ish troops, or any contest of importance. 
 
 Colonel Tudor, having married early in 1778, Delia Jarvis, 
 whose Tory training had probably given way to her affection 
 for him, now thought it best to retire from his legal services to 
 Washington's army, and devote himself to domestic life and the 
 practice of his profession. This was rendered the more neces- 
 
XIV 
 
 sary by the absolute want of pay, which did not allow a man in 
 service to contribute anything to the support of his wife and 
 children. His resignation was accepted with favor by Gen- 
 eral Washington, and he retired with the rank of Colonel. 
 
 JudgeTudor soon after his marriage, opened a law office in 
 Boston, and had a considerable practice. In those days it was 
 the general custom for law students to learn their profession in 
 the office of a prominent lawyer, and amongst those who be- 
 came afterwards distinguished in their profession, who studied 
 in Judge Tudor's office, were George R.Minot, afterwards Judge, 
 Fisher Ames, Isaac Parker, afterwards Chief Justice, and Jo- 
 siah Quincy. There appears to have been plenty of business at 
 the office to support the growing family. Judge Tudor was 
 commissioned a magistrate in 1781 ; was a representative in the 
 legislature from 1791 to 1796; a senator for Suffolk County 
 from 1801 to 1803. At the death of his father. Deacon Tudor 
 in 1796, he inherited about forty thousand dollars in real and 
 personal property. At that time this was a considerable estate. 
 He was now considered one of the wealthy men of the commun- 
 ity, and decided after the settlement of his father's estate, to 
 give up his law practice and make a long-desired journey to 
 Europe. He was at this period, the father of eight children, 
 six of them living. The oldest, William, was at Harvard Col- 
 lege, being about 18 years of age, and the others had passed 
 the age of infancy and could best be spared for a time their 
 father's care. The affairs of the Colonies had progressed with 
 satisfaction since the long war with Great Britain practically 
 ended with the surrender of Cornwallis in the autumn of 1781. 
 The Constitution had been adopted. Vermont, Kentucky and 
 Tennessee had been added to the original 13 States, and the 
 long administration of Washington was drawing to an end. 
 
 This journey comprised a visit to London, Devonshire 
 where his fath-r was born, and thence to Paris just recovering 
 from the wreck of republican institutions and only waiting for 
 the strong hind of Napoleon, to re-establish order and then 
 sacrifice the people and her institutions to his ambition to 
 
XV 
 
 become a second Charlemagne. It was during this visit to 
 Paris that Mr. Munroe was recalled on the change of ad- 
 ministration from President Washington to President Adams. 
 The Americans in Paris, including Col. Tudor, joined in an ad- 
 dress to the retiring minister censuring the Government for his 
 recall. It is needless to say that this action was not only un- 
 wise, but was a thing which would naturally be resented by the 
 Government at Washington, and those taking part in it could 
 hardly expect much consideration in future from those then in 
 power, or any succeeding administration. The return journey 
 was made through the Netherlands and Holland. After his 
 arrival in London the American minister, Pv.ufus King, pre- 
 sented him to the king George IV., when the following incident 
 is related to have occurred. As this occurrence has been 
 already twice published it can do no harm to repeat it here. 
 The surname of Tudor is not very common and probably no 
 one of the name had ever been presented to the king before. 
 The name at any rate struck him and he exciai:ried : "Tudor, 
 what, one of us?" And receiving the information that Col. 
 Tudor had recently come from France, a country just then not 
 resorted to by the EngHsh people, the king entered into a long 
 conversation on the condition of affairs in that country, the 
 opinion of the people, etc., much to the annoyance of Lord 
 Galloway, who had many others to present, when at last 
 growing impatient, he exclaimed: "His Majesty seems so 
 deeply engaged with his cousin that he forgets what a number 
 of persons are in waiting to be presented!" The king, how- 
 e vev, continued his conversation until his curiosity v»'as satisfied. 
 It was not long after his return from this foreign journey 
 that he decided to invest a part of his estate in that portion of 
 Dorchester Neck, called Nook Hill, believing that this land 
 lying nearest to the Town of Boston would eventually be of con- 
 siderable value. 'I'his land was, it is trut*, separated from 
 Boston by flats overflowed at high tide, but the available por- 
 tion of the original peninsular was already nearly filled up, and 
 it seemed reasonable to suppose that this unoccupied land so 
 
XVI 
 
 near the centre of the town would soon be needed for resi- 
 dences. Had this purchase remained quiescent it would doubt- 
 less have proved in time a good investment. His house prop- 
 erty on Queen street, now Court street, had already improved 
 greatly in value, being very close to the active business centre 
 of the town. Boston was growing very fast and was increas- 
 ing rapidly in wealth and was then the leading commercial 
 place of the country. Some time after this Dorchester pur- 
 chase Joseph Woodward, also a large landowner who may be 
 considered the forerunner in those great land speculations, 
 which have proven so disastrous of late years, conceived the 
 plan of separating this outlying portion of Dorchester from 
 the rest of the town : connecting it v/ith Boston by a bridge 
 and annexing it to the larger place. The scheme looked 
 promising and Col. Tudor, Harrison Gray Otis, Jonathan 
 Mason, Gardiner Greene and others amongst the most sub- 
 stantial citizens of Boston were interested in the project and 
 made large purchases of land. Though strongly opposed in 
 the Legislature by the town of Dorchester, a bill was passed 
 annexing South Boston and the four persons mentioned above 
 were also made the incorporators of a bridge company. On the 
 passageof these two acts the value of the lands in South Boston 
 advanced to ten times their former value and had the original 
 owners sold their property then, no doubt great profits would 
 have been realized. Col. Tudor, however, having invested 
 largely in the bridge company, entered with the other owners 
 upon the improvement of the property, grading, building break- 
 waters, etc. He also built on his own land a block of four 
 brick houses, only one of which was ever rented, for the paltry 
 sum of $120 a year. The people of the south end of Boston 
 now fearing that the new bridge, which was to be built from 
 Federal street, would injure their own property, managed to get 
 the bridge located beyond their own land at the Neck, so that 
 people were obliged to go nearly to Roxbury to get to South 
 Boston. Anyone can anticipate the result. The bridge was 
 built at a cost of $56,000. No one went to South Boston. The 
 
XVII 
 
 bridge never paid expenses and was sold many years after for 
 $3,500. Five years after the bridge was finished there were 
 only 250 people in South Boston. In the year 1807 Col. 
 Tudor, probably satisfied with the South Boston investment, 
 then in the full tide of apparent prosperity, went to France with 
 his wife and daughter and was afterwards joined by his eldest 
 son. Napoleon was then at the height of his prosperity and 
 France was greatly changed since the former visit. The impe- 
 rial court was conducted with great state and Col. Tudor and 
 his family were frequently entertained by the Empress Jose- 
 phine. His old intimacy with the French officers of the Conti- 
 nental Army was renewed and this visit to France, which lasted 
 for a year, was probably most agreeable. He returned, how- 
 ever, to find ruin. His property had become all involved in the 
 South Boston undertaking and he was ruthlessly pursued by his 
 creditors. His second son, Frederic, had embarked in the ice 
 trade to the tropics In 1805-6, and the early ventures had 
 proven a total loss and had doubtless added to the complica- 
 tions of his father. They were both persecuted in every way 
 by their creditors, being often arrested and even imprisoned. 
 Col. Tudor now resumed the practice of the law with more or 
 less success. He now received a magistrate's commission 
 throughout the Commonwealth, He had been already Repre- 
 sentative from Boston and Senator from Suffolk county, also 
 Commi'^sioner of Bankruptcy in 1801-2. He was afterward 
 Secretary of State of Massachusetts for the years i8og and 
 1810, and was Clerk of the Supreme Court from 181 1 until his 
 death on July 8, iSig. He delivered the Boston Massacre ora- 
 tion on March 5, 1779, after his return from the army, and the 
 oration before the Cincinnati Society, of which he was vice-pres- 
 ident, on July 4, 1791. He was on friendly terms and corre- 
 spondence with many of the leading men of his day, which was 
 the most interesting period of the Nations history. Two or three 
 of these letters which have been already published, but are not 
 very accessible, are included here.* 
 
 *The writer of this sketch is indebted for many details to the memoir 
 written by William Tudor for the Massachusetts Historical Society, of wbJcji 
 his father was one of the founders, 
 
XVIII 
 
 From General Washington to W. Tudor, Esq. 
 
 Mount Vernon, August i8th, 1788. 
 
 Sir: — I have just received your friendly letter of the 26th 
 of July, together with the History of the Insurrection in Massa- 
 chusetts and cannot delay to return you my thanks for these 
 tokens of your regard. Though I have not yet had time to look 
 through the book, from the interesting nature of the subject 
 and the judicious manner in which it seems to be handled, I 
 anticipate considerable amusement and information. The 
 apology for the publication at the present tim.e is well con- 
 ceived and forms a just discrimination between the circumstan- 
 ces of our own and some other countries. The troubles in your 
 State may, as you justly observe, have operated in proving to 
 the comprehension of many minds, the necessity of a more effi- 
 cient government. A multiplicity of circumstances, scarcely 
 yet investigated, appears to have co-operated in bringing about 
 the great and, I trust, the happy revolution that is on the eve 
 of being accomplished. It will not be uncommon that those 
 things which were considered at the moment as real ills should 
 have been no inconsiderable cause in producing positive and 
 permanent national felicity For it is thus that Providence 
 works in the mysterious course of events, "From seeming evil 
 still educing good." I was happy to hear from several respect- 
 able quarters, that liberal policy and federal srntiuients had 
 been rapidly increasing in Massachusetts for some time past: 
 it gives me additional pleasure to find that labor is becoming 
 more productive and commerce more flourishing among the 
 citizens. If I have formerly approved myself inclining to sub- 
 serve the public interest, by fostering youthful merit, I shall 
 now claim to be credited, when I assert that ray cordial desires 
 for the happiness of the republic and the prosperity of its 
 friends are by no means diminished ; and particularly when I 
 add that, with great esteem, I am, sir, 
 
 Your most obedient and most humble servant, 
 
 G"' Washington. 
 
 W. Tudor, Esq. 
 
 * This letter referred to an account of the Shay's rebellion by Judge 
 Minot. 
 
XIX 
 
 From General Knox. 
 
 Head Quarters, Morris Town, 4th May, 1777. 
 Dear Judge : — 
 
 I received your favor by the post, for which I thank you. 
 The arrivals at Boston amply make up the loss at Danbury, 
 which was very great. It was a bold push if they thought the 
 people would have opposed them, but I believe they were 
 led into the secret by "their good friends the tories, who have 
 uniformly deceived them ; they paid a full Lexington price for 
 the pork and beef, and that at a time they could ill afford 
 it. Reports say that you are to be attacked at Boston by Gen- 
 eral Burgoyne with 10,000 Germans and 3,000 British. This 
 may or may not be true, but you ought to be prepared; piers 
 ought to be sunk between the Castle and Governor's Island, 
 and batteries erected at the north part of the town. But I am 
 fearful that the good opinion which my countrymen have of 
 their haibour will prevent them from taking the only method to 
 secure the town. General Howe still threatens Philadelphia, 
 but our force is now so respectable that we dare defy him to 
 put them into execution. Pray with me the prevailing senti- 
 ments and news. 
 
 I am, dear sir, yours hastily, 
 
 H. Knox. 
 
 Colonel W. Tudor. 
 
INTRODUCTORY NOTE ON THE TUDOR 
 GENEALOGY. 
 
 The Welsh and English genealogy here given is de- 
 rived from the sources named. The descent of Deacon 
 John Tudor from John Tadore of Penscoyd through Roger, 
 Thomas and William, though not proved beyond a doubt, 
 is based upon the following : His father's name was Wil 
 liam Tudor, and his grandfather's name was Thomas Tudor. 
 The family seal which has been handed down and the seal 
 on the old letters, bears John Tadore's arms. It is known 
 that his father died not long after his birth, and before 
 middle age. The conclusion seems reasonable that he was 
 sixth in descent from John Tadore. The arrangement of 
 the American descendants has been as far as possible by 
 families. As there were only two of the Deacon's children 
 who have left descendants, there should be no great 
 difficulty in following them. The members of the first 
 family of children are given in Roman numerals. The 
 others are given in ordinary figures. The figures in brack- 
 ets at the side of the name indicate merely the number 
 each has in their respective families. The figure at the end 
 of the Christian name indicates the generation. The Chris- 
 tian names in brackets after the name are the ancestors 
 of name of Tudor ; b. means born ; d. means died ; S. P. 
 means without issue. No attempt has been made to give 
 any of the titles, or college degrees, or other honors. Only 
 the designation by which they were commonly known as 
 Colonel, Doctor, etc. The editor is greatly indebted to 
 
From the Herleian Manuscripts ( 1187 fo. 28. 
 
 containing the Heralds Visitations { 1188 fo. 11. 
 
 for the County of Northampton, 161 5-18. ' 1553 fo. 11. b 
 
 Arms 
 
 Or a lion passant sable, charged on the shoulder with 
 
 a Martlett between three annulets of the second. 
 
 JohnTadore of Penscoyde,Co. 
 Flint, Wales. 
 
 Married the daughter of 
 Edward Lloyd, of Yale, Co. 
 Flint, Wales, 
 
 Arms. Paly of six argent or gules, a bor- 
 dure sable, charged with eight 
 besanls. 
 
 had 5 sons ; 
 
 1, John Tuder, 
 
 2, Ralph Tuder, 
 
 3, Juan Tuder, 
 
 4, Edward Tuder, 
 
 5, Roger Tudor,ofWatlington, 
 in Co. Oxon, married Mar- 
 garet, daughter of Ham let t 
 Hassold, of Nantwich in 
 Com. Cestriae, had one son : 
 
 Married ist Thomas Tudor 
 
 the daughter of Walter House, 
 of Emitforth in Com. Cestriae, 
 had one son : 
 
 Mathew Tudor. 
 
 Married 2d 
 Dorothea, daughter of Ed- 
 ward Fowler of Tillesworth, 
 Co. Bedford, had one son : 
 Thomas Tudor. 
 
 [Thus far the Herald's report.] 
 
 His son (as supposed) William Tudor, 
 
 married Mary, and had 
 
 one son : 
 
 Deacon John Tudor, 
 
 born between Exeter, Devonshire, and Topsham, 18 Sept., 1709 (O.S.), was 
 
 brought by his mother, at 6 years of age, in i/H-iS- to Boston, 
 
 New England. 
 
 Krrata in line i for " Herleian 
 
 d " Harleian " and in line 9, for "or" read "and". 
 
XXI 
 
 Mrs. Rogers, Richard Sullivan, Esq., George H. Rich- 
 ards, Esq., and Mr. Hays Gardiner, for kind assistance in 
 procuring family records, and particular thanks are due to 
 Frederick Tuckerman, Esq., of Amherst, for much infor. 
 mation regarding the Cooper branch of the family. 
 
 It was the intention to have given a short memoir of 
 Frederic Tudor, the editor's father, and his first struggles 
 with the ice trade ; but this properly belongs to a work by 
 itself. There are, besides, reasons not necessary to explain 
 here why the contemplated work has been abbreviated. It 
 is doubtful now whether the copies of portraits of three of 
 the Deacon's grandsons mentioned in the introduction, can 
 be done in time, as well as a copy of Deacon Tudor's por- 
 trait, and a picture of his old house at Nonantum Hill, 
 owing to objections raised by the custodian of the papers 
 which delayed the publication. The notes to the diary and 
 the memoir of Colonel Tudor were fortunately finished, as 
 well as a copy of the Deacon's will for the present volume. 
 This being the editor's first serious literary work he hopes 
 that any errors may be treated leniently. 
 
 W. T. 
 
AMERICAN DESCENDANTS. 
 Deacon John Tudor » of the Second Church in Boston 
 married 15 June 1732 (O. S.) Jane Varney b. 23 Feb. 1714 
 he died iS Mar. 1795. She died 23 Sep. 1795 
 
 Their children were six, all born at Boston, Massachu- 
 setts 
 
 I John 2 bap. 25 March 1733 (O. S.) d. at sea 29 Oct. 1756 
 II Mary 2 b. 17 Nov. 1734 
 
 III Jane 2 b. 30 June 1736 
 
 IV James 2 b. 19 Mar. 1740 " d. at sea 11 Oct. 1756 
 V Elizabeth 2 b. 31 Mar. 1745 *' 
 
 VI William 2 b. 28 Mar. 1750 " 
 
 VI Colonel William 2 Tudor (John i) married Delia Jarvis 
 5 March 1778 b. 18 Nov. 1753 
 
 He died 8 July 18 19 She died 7 Sep. 1843 
 
 at Boston at Washington D. C. 
 
 Their children were eight 
 
 1 Williams b. 28 Jan, 1779 d. S. P. at Rio 9 Mar. 183O 
 
 2 Delias b. 21 Nov. 1780 d. at Boston 22 Nov. 1780 
 
 3 John Henrys b. 13 April 1782 d. S. R at Philadelphia 
 
 4 Frederics b. 4 Sep. 1783 28 Jan. 1802 
 
 5 Emma Janes b. 10 Mar. 1785 
 
 6 Delias b. 8 Jan. 1787 
 
 7 James S b. 22 May 1789 d. at Boston 9 Aug. 1797 
 
 8 Henry James 3 b. 8 April 1791 
 
 TUDOR, STANLY. 
 II Mary 2 Tudor (John i) married Capt. Thomas Stanly on 
 (O. S.) 21 Jan. 1755 her first husband 
 Their child was 
 
 Thomas S b. 15 Jan. 17^6 (O. S.) d. (drowned) 27 Nov. 
 1774. Her second husband, married 28 May 1760, 
 was James Thompson. There was no issue by this 
 marriage. He d. 15 May 1783 
 
XXIII 
 TUDOR, THOMPSON. 
 
 Ill Jane 2 Tudor (John i) married William Thompson on 
 
 14 May 1754. She died 28 Mar. 1791. He died 
 
 15 May 1787 
 
 Their children were four 
 
 1 John Tudor 3 b. 15 Oct. 1757 d. 17^8 S. P. 
 
 2 Williams b. 24 July 1760 d. 14 May 1780 S. P. 
 
 3 James 3 b. 6 Jan, 1767 d. 7 Dec 1783 S. P. 
 
 4 Henry 3 b. 20 Feb. 1771 d. 18 Jnne 1775 S. P. 
 
 TUDOR, SAVAGE. 
 
 V Elizabeth 2 Tudor (John i) married Habijah Savage on 
 9 May 1765. She died i Feb. 1788 
 Their children were eleven 
 
 1 John 3 b. 18 Apr. 1766 d. S. P. 
 
 2 Jane 3 b. 17 Feb. 1768 
 
 3 Elizabeths b. 15 Apr. 1770 
 
 4 Deborahs b. 2 Mar. 1772 d. unmarried 
 
 5 Habijah 3 b. 24 Aug. 1775 d. i Oct. 1776 
 
 6 Williams b. 28 Aug. 1777 d. 4 Nov. 1778 
 
 7 Williams b. 30 Aug. 1779 
 
 8 Habijah 3 b. 5 July 1781 d. S. P. 
 
 9 James 3 b. 13 July 1784 
 
 10 Thomas 3 b. 1 1 Feb. 1786 
 
 11 Arthurs b. i Feb. 1787, married late in life, died S. P. 
 
 (7) Williams Savage (John i Elizabeth 2) married ist Mary 
 Ingersoll, married 2d Harriet Hooper of Newbury- 
 port. There were no children by 2^ marriage. He 
 died 30 June 185 1 
 Their child by first marriage was 
 Mary Elizabeth 4 b. i Oct. 1807 
 
 Addenda, to line 4 below Tudor, Savage, add " at Boston 13 June 1838," 
 to line 7 ditto, add " March 1831", to line 11 ditto, add " at St. Pierre, 
 Martinique, i8 April 1803", to line 13 ditto, add " d. at New Orleans 18 
 July 1836 ". 
 
XXIV 
 
 (9) James 3 Savage (John i Elizabeth 2) married April 1823 
 
 Elizabeth Otis, widow of James Otis Lincoln. He 
 died 8 March 1873 
 Their children were four 
 
 1 Emma 4 b. 4 March 1824, married 20 June, 1845 Prof. 
 
 William Barton Rogers of the University of Virginia 
 b. Dec. 1804 in Philadelphia, President and founder 
 of the Mass. Inst, of Technology, who died S. P. 30 
 May 1882 
 
 2 Harriet 4 b. 10 Oct. 1826, d. 18 July 1854, married 6 
 
 Nov. 185 1 Amos Binney of Boston 
 They had one child Lucy b. 30 Oct. 1852 d. 8 May 1854 
 
 3 Lucy 4 b. II Sep. 1829 d. 11 May 1850 
 
 4 James 4 b. 21 April 1832, Lieut. Col. 2d Mass. Vol. d. 
 
 22 Oct. 1862 of wounds at Charlottesville, Va., 
 after battle of Cedar Mountain 9 Aug. 1862 
 
 (10) Thomas 3 (John i Elizabeth2) married Lydia V. de 
 
 Foucade 
 Their children were three 
 
 1 Thomas Francis 4 b. 1814 d. 1816 
 
 2 James Osgood 4 b. 15 Aug. 1819, M. D. 1839, d. 21 
 
 July 1 86 1 at Havana, S. P. 
 
 3 Thomas 4 b. 27 Aug. 1823. He married first in 1850 
 
 Mary D. Lucena 
 Their children by first marriage were six 
 
 1 Thomas Emanuel 5 b. 17 April 1853 
 
 2 Nicholas 5 b. 26 May 1854 d. 26 May 1854 
 
 3 Josephines b. 1855 d. 1855 
 
 4 Mary Mercedes 5 b. 8 Jan. 1857 
 
 5 Emma Blanches b. 26 Aug. 1858 
 
 6 James S b. i860 d. i860 He married second, 20 Jan. 
 
 1870 at Panama Antonia Maldonado 
 The child by second marriage was 
 
 7 Arthurs b. 5 Dec. 1872 d. 26 March 1873 
 
H.J.T 
 
 -C^d^v^ 
 
XXV 
 
 TUDOR. 
 
 (4) Frederic 3 Tudor (John i William 2) married at Mt. 
 Upton, N. Y. 2 Jan. 1834, Euphemia Fenno, b. 6 Apr. 
 1 8 14, daughter of Upton Fenno and Euphemia 
 Johnston. He died 6 Feb. 1864 at Boston. She 
 died 9 Mar. 1884 at Newbury, Vt. 
 Their children were six 
 
 1 Euphemia 4 b. 18 Feb. 1837 
 
 2 Frederic 4 b. 11 Feb. 1845 
 
 3 Delia Jarvis4 b. 20 Mar. 1847 
 
 4 William 4 b. 27 Sep. 1848 
 
 5 Eleonora Elizabeth 4 b. i July 1850 
 
 6 Henry 4 b. 21 Jan. 1854 
 
 (8) Henry James 3 Tudor (John i William 2) married 
 5 Aug. 1844 Fanny Hortense Foster, b. 25 Dec. 
 1 8 16, daughter of James Foster. 
 He died at Boston 27 Nov. 1864. She died at Paris, 
 
 France, i Apr. 1892 
 Their children were three 
 
 1 Fanny 4 b. 18 Feb. 1846 d. 18 Dec. 1855 at Bo.ston 
 
 2 Emma 4 b. 1848 d. 28 May 1850 at Boston 
 
 3 Virginia4b. 27 May i85od. I9july 1886 at Paris, France 
 (2) Frederic 4 Tudor (John i William 2 Frederic 3) married 
 
 in Boston 24 June 1867, Louisa Simes, b. 20 Sep. 
 1845, adopted daughter of Joseph Simes of Plym- 
 outh 
 Their children are five 
 
 1 Frederics b. 26 Mar. 1869 
 
 2 Marie Louises b. 23 July 1870 
 
 3 Emma Cecile S b. 25 Mar. 1871 
 
 4 Euphemia S b. 7 Sep. 1875 
 
 5 Rosamonds b. 20 June 1878 
 
XXVI 
 
 (4) William 4 Tudor (John i William 2 Frederic 3) married 
 at Paris, France, 24 May, 1873, Elizabeth Whitwell, 
 b. 29 April 185 1, daughter of William Scollay Whit- 
 well and Mary Hubbard 
 Their children are five. 
 
 1 Henry Dubois 5 b. 30 Oct, 1874 at Paris, France 
 
 2 William 5 b. 14 Jan. 1876 at Boston 
 
 3 Elizabeths b. 27 Nov. 1878 at Boston 
 
 4 Delia AimeeS b. 22 Apr, 1880 at Marietta, Georgia 
 
 5 Marys b. 30 July 1886 at Paris, France 
 
 TUDOR, KLECZKOWSKI. 
 
 (i) Euphemia4 Tudor (John i William 2 Frederic 3) mar- 
 ried at Singapore, India, 12 April 1872 Michel Alex- 
 andre Cholevva, Count Kleczkowski, b. 28 Feb. 18 18, 
 only son of Count Joseph Kleczkowski and Julie 
 Sobieska, a direct descendant of John Sobieski, 
 King of Poland. He died 26 Mar. 1886 
 Their children are four 
 
 1 Euphemia Alice Alexandrine Marie S b. 18 Apr. 1863 
 
 at Pekin, China, married at Paris, France, Barnard 
 Hutchinson, son of Alcander Hutchinson, formerly 
 of Boston 
 
 2 Eleonora Delia Julie Aimee 5 b. 3 Jan. 1866 at Paris, 
 
 France 
 
 3 Frederic Tudor Alexandre Paul Henry S b. 17 Oct 1871 
 
 at Versailles, France 
 
 4 Yvonne Jeanne Michelene Isabelle VirginieS b. 25 
 
 Feb. 1880 at Paris, France 
 
XXVII 
 
 TUDOR, WILMER. 
 
 (3) Delia Jarvis* Tudor (John ^ William^ Frederic^) mar- 
 ried in Boston 15 June 1871 Skipvvith Wilmer b. 
 21 Feb. 1843 a son of Bishop Joseph Wilmer and 
 Helen Skipwith of Virginia she died 15 Oct. 1879 
 Their children were four 
 
 1 Ephemia Fenno''' b. 28 April 1872 d. 5 May 1873 
 
 2 Joseph Pere Bell^ b. 5 Sep. 1873 d. i June 1874 
 
 3 Helen Skipwith^ b. 2 Aug. 1876 
 
 4 Delia Tudor ^ b. 10 Oct. 1879 
 
 TUDOR, HART. 
 
 (5) Eleonora Elizabeth* Tudor (John ^ William^ Fred- 
 eric^) married in Boston 4 Oct. 1871 Frederick 
 Lestrange Hart of Montreal Canada b. 27 Jan. 
 1851 
 Their children are four 
 
 1 Mary Edith Effie Tudor^ b. 19 Sep. 1872 
 
 2 Ernest Percyval Tudor ^ b. 27 Dec. 1873 
 
 3 Edith Ethel Alice ^ b. 8 Mar. 1876 
 
 4 William Owen Tudor ^ b. 20 Feb. 1884 
 
 TUDOR, GARLAND. 
 
 (2) Marie Louise^ Tudor (John,^ William,^ Frederic,^ 
 Frederic*) married 20 Sep. 1893 at Boston James 
 Albert Garland of New York b. 26 Nov. 1870 
 Their children are two 
 
 James Albert^ b. 10 May 1894 
 
 Tudor^ b. 9 July 1895 
 
XXVIII 
 
 TUDOR, CONVERSE. 
 (3) Emma Cecile^ Tudor (John/ William,^ Frederic,* 
 Frederic*) married at Boston 6 June 1894 Fred- 
 erick Shepherd Converse of Newton b. 5 Jan. 1871 
 They have one child 
 Emma Louise^ b. i April 1895 
 
 TUDOR, GARDINER. 
 
 (5) Emma Jane^ Tudor (John ^ William 2) married in 1805 
 
 Robert Hallowell Gardiner. He was b. 1782 d. 
 1864. She died 1865 
 Their children were nine 
 
 1 Emma Jane * b. 1806 d. 1845 S. P. 
 
 2 Anne Hallowell* b. 1807 
 
 fb. 1809 m. 1842 Sarah Fenwick 
 
 3 Robert Hallowell*^ Jones b. 1814 d. 1869 
 
 (Hed. 1886 S. P. 
 
 4 Delia Tudor* 5 b. 181 2 m. 1834 George Jones 
 ^ ^d. S. P. 1836 
 
 5 Lucy Vaughan* b. 1814 d. 1847 S. P. 
 
 6 John William Tudor* b. 18 17 
 
 7 Henrietta* b. 1820 m. 1846 Richard Sullivan She d. 
 
 S. P. 1880 
 
 8 Frederic* b. 11 Sep. 1822 at Oaklands Maine 
 
 9 Eleanor Harriet* b. 16 July 1825 at Oaklands Maine 
 
 (6) Colonel John William Tudor* Gardiner (John ^ Will- 
 
 iam^ Emma Jane ^) Married in 1854 Anne Eliza- 
 beth (Hays) West b. 1821 he died 1879 
 Their children were six 
 
 1 Robert HallowelP b. 1855 
 
 2 Eleanor ** b. 1857 
 
XXIX 
 
 3 Ann Hays ^ b. 1859 d. i860 
 
 4 Francis Richards^ b. i860 d. 1880 
 
 5 John Hays 
 
 6 John Tudor 
 
 • twins b. 1863 
 
 TUDOR, GARDINER, RICHARDS 
 
 (2) Anne HallowelP Gardiner (John, ^ WiUiam.^ Emma 
 Jane 3) married 1832 at Gardiner Me. Francis Rich- 
 ards b. 1805. She died 1858. He died 1858 
 Their children were seven 
 
 1 Francis Gardiner ^b. 10 June 1833 
 
 2 George Henry ^ b. 1837 d. 1837 
 
 3 George Henry ^b. 14 June 1838 
 
 4 Sarah 5 b. 2 Jan. 1840 d. 2d Sept. 1855 
 
 5 John Tudor ^ b. 23 July 1841 
 
 6 Robert Hallowell^ b. 26 Aug 1844 married 4 June 1875 
 
 Ellen H. Swallow 
 
 7 Henry ^ b. 17 July 1848 
 
 (i) Francis Gardiner^ Richards (John^ William ^ Emma 
 Jane 2) married in 1807 Annie Ashburner, daughter 
 of Samuel Ashburner of London Eng. He died 10 
 Feb. 1884 
 Their children are two 
 
 1 Francis Ashburner^ b. 22 Feb. 1880 
 
 2 Anne Hallowell'^ b. Aug. 1881 
 
 (5) John Tudor ^ Richards (John,^ William .^ Emma Jane 3) 
 married in Paris France 18 June 1870 Cora Howard, 
 daughter of Benjamin Chandler Howard 
 Their children are four 
 
XXX 
 
 1 Amy ^ b. 15 July 1871 
 
 2 Madeleine^ b. 26 Oct 1873 
 
 3 Dorothy^ b. 15 Mar. 1877 d. 30 Oct. 1878 
 
 4 Ruth'' b. 4 May 1881 
 
 (7) Henry ^ Richards (John^ William^ Emma Jane") 
 
 married 17 June 1871 Laura Elizabeth Howe, 
 daughter of Dr. Samuel S. Howe and Julia Ward. 
 Their children are seven 
 
 1 Alice Maud^b. 24 June 1872 
 
 2 Rosalind ^ h. 30 June 1874 
 
 3 Henry Howe ^ b. 23 Feb. 1876 
 
 4 Julia Ward^ b. 30 Aug. 1878 
 
 5 Maud« b. 7 Nov. 1881 d. 11 Oct. 1882 
 
 6 John^b. 13 Feb 1884 
 
 7 Laura Elizabeth^ b. 12 Feb. 1886 
 
 (8) Rev Frederic * Gardiner (John,^ William,^ Emma Jane ") 
 
 married 25 Aug 1846 Caroline Vaughan daughter 
 of William Vaughan of Hallowell Me. he died 17 
 July 1889 
 Their children were five 
 
 1 Emma Jane^ b. 16 Oct 1847 at Saco Me 
 
 2 William Tudor ^ b. 8 Apr. 1856 at Lewiston Me d. 21 
 
 Dec 1862 at Gardiner Me. 
 
 3 Frederic^ b. 5 Apr. 1858 at Oaklands Me. 
 
 4 Henrietta^ b. 26 Feb i860 at Oaklands Me 
 
 5 Alfred^ b. 12 Apr 1862 at Gardiner d. i Aug 1877, 
 
 drowned at Swan Island Me. 
 
 (i) Robert Hallowell' Gardiner (John/ William,^ Emma 
 Jane^) married Alice Bangs, daughter of Edward 
 Bangs of Boston 
 
XXXI 
 
 Their children are five 
 
 1 Robert Hallowell*' b. 5 Nov. 1882 
 
 2 AHce^ b. 24 Feb. 1885 
 
 3 Silvester « b. 11 Jan. 1888 d. 15 May 1889 
 
 4 Anna Lowell" b. 9 Sep. 1890 
 
 5 William Tudor *^ b. 12 June 1892 
 
 (3) Rev. Frederic^ Gardiner (John/ William,^ Emma 
 Jane^) married 1885 Sallie Merrick daughter of 
 William H. Merrick of Germantown Penn. 
 Their children are three 
 
 1 Frederic Merrick" b. 27 June 1887 at Sioux Falls S. D. 
 
 2 William Henry" b. 5 May 1890 at Philadelphia 
 
 3 Frances Vaughan" b. 16 Sep. 1892 at Pomfret Conn. 
 
 TUDOR, GARDINER, FERGUSON, 
 (i) Emma Jane^ Gardiner ;(John,^ William,^ Emma Jane'^) 
 married on 15 Oct 1873 Rev Henry Ferguson of 
 Stamford Conn. 
 Their children are four 
 
 1 Samuel" b. 19 Nov. 1874 
 
 2 Eleanor Margaret" b. 30 June 1876 
 
 3 Henry Gardiner" b. 21 June 1882 
 
 4 Charles Vaughan" b. 15 Aug. 1885 
 
 TUDOR, SAVAGE, COOPER 
 (3) Elizabeth^ Savage (John ^ Elizabeth ^) married at Bos- 
 ton 23 June 1791. John Cooper b. 13 Dec. 1765 
 at Boston Son of William Cooper and Katharine 
 Wendell. She died at Machias Me. 13 July 1854, 
 he died at Cooper Me. 18 Nov. 1845 
 Their children were nine 
 
XXXII 
 
 1 John Tudor ^ b. 6 June 1792 d. S. P. 22 March 1812 at 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 2 WilHam* b. 3 Jan. 1794 
 
 3 Emma EHzabeth* b. 20 July 1796 
 
 4 Charles Wendell"^ b. 17 May 1798 d. S. P. 2 June 1825 
 
 at Havana Cuba 
 
 5 Samuel* b. 2 June 1800 d. 6 Apr. 1804 Machias Me. 
 
 6 James Sullivan'' b. 10 Oct. 1802 
 
 7 Thomas Savage* b, 6 July 1805 d. 21 July 1805 at 
 
 Machias 
 
 8 Caroline Savage* b. 28 April 1808 
 
 9 Arthur Savage* b. 9 May 181 1 d. 21 Feb. 1818 at 
 
 Machias 
 
 (2) William* Cooper (John ^ Elizabeth 2) married 8 Aug. 
 1826 EHza Balch Button of Lubec Me. b. 15 Dec. 
 1803. He died 27 Aug. 1875 at Dennyville Me. 
 She died 16 Jan. 1844 
 Their children were nine 
 
 1 William Savage^ b. 25 July 1827 
 
 2 Elizabeth Button^ b. 19 Nov. 1828 
 
 3 Emma Porter^ b. 27 Aug. 1830 
 
 4 Caroline Pearson^ b. 11 Jan. 1832 d. S. P. 16 Bee. 1877 
 
 at Bennysville Me. 
 
 5 Helen Marston^ b. 26 July 1834 
 
 6 Harriet Coolidge'^ b. 8 June 1836 d. S. P. 9 May 1841 
 
 at Cooper Me. 
 
 7 John^ b. 22 Nov. 1838 d. 24 Nov. 1838 at Cooper 
 
 8 Mary^ b. 7 Sep. 1839 
 
 9 Harriet Cooledge b. 4 Sep. 1841 
 
 (6) James Sullivan* Cooper (John ^ Elizabeth 2) married 
 first at Boston 28 May 1832 Mary Elizabeth Sav- 
 
 in lii 
 
 Errata in line 7 for " 1804 Machias " read " 1804 at Machias 
 16 for " Dennyville " read " DennysviUe » and in line 17 for " 16 Jan. 1844 
 read "13 July 1854". 
 
XXXIII 
 
 age* daughter of William Savage'* of Boston. She 
 died 7 Apr. 1842 
 Their children were three 
 
 1 Mary IngersolP b. 3 March 1833 unmarried. 
 
 2 William Savage ^ b. 26 Dec. 1837 ^- 26 Sep 1839 at 
 
 Calais Me 
 
 3 Harriet Savage* b. 16 Sep. 1841 d. 16 Sep 1842 at 
 
 Calais Me. He married second at Haverhill Mass i 
 Oct. 1845 Abigail IngersoU Girdler b. 10 May 18 17 
 daughter of Capt. John Girdler and Abigail IngersoU 
 He died 28 July 1870 at Amherst Mass 
 Their children were four 
 
 4 Elizabeth Savage* b. 21 Sep. 1846 
 
 5 James IngersoU* b. 7 Apr. 1849 
 
 6 Charles Wendell* b. 16 May 185 1 
 
 7 Alice Girdler* b. 15 June 1857 
 
 (i) Wilham Savage* Cooper (John^ Elizabeth 2) married 
 at Sonora Cal. 17 May 1864 Sarah Jane Darhng. 
 They have one child 
 I Jennie May b. 6 May 1865 at Sonora Cal. 
 (6) Charles Wendell* Cooper M.D. (John^ Elizabeth 2) 
 married at New York 8 Sep. 1861 EHzabeth 
 Savage ^ Porter, daughter of John Cooper * Porter, ot 
 St. Louis 
 Their children are two 
 
 1 Anna Porter^ b. 30 Oct. 1885 at Northampton Mass. 
 
 2 Ruth^ b. 31 Mar. 1891 at Northampton Mass. 
 
 TUDOR, SAVAGE, COOPER. 
 (3) Emma Elizabeth * Cooper (John,^ Elizabeth ^) married 
 at Machias 20 Oct. 1820 Rufus King Porter She 
 died 26 Oct 1827 at Portland Me. 
 Their children were four 
 
XXXIV 
 
 1 Emma Jane ' b. 4 Sept 1821 d. 19 July 1866. S. P. 
 
 2 Charles WendelP b. i May 1823 
 
 3 John Cooper^ b. 6 Feb. 1825 
 
 4 Caroline Elizabeth^ b. 20 Nov. 1826 
 
 (8) Caroline Savage* Cooper (John^ Elizabeth"^) married 
 at Cooper Me 28 Nov. 1836 Rev. William John 
 Newman of Andover Mass She died 3 Sep. 1871 
 at Andover 
 They had one child 
 I Emma Elizabeth ^ b. 8 Mar 1838 at Stratham N. H. 
 
 (2) Elizabeth Button^ Cooper (John ^ Elizabeth 2) mar- 
 ried first 29 Oct 1853 Hon Luther Stearns Cushing 
 there was no issue to this marriage & she on 17 
 Nov. 1858 married second Rev Edward Henry 
 Buck She died 24 June 1862 
 They had one child 
 I Amelia Duryee ® b. 3 Dec. 1859 
 
 (5) Helen Marston ^ Cooper fjohn^ Elizabeth 2) married 
 8 Feb 1864, George E. Bugbee 
 Their children are three all born at Oakland Cal. 
 
 1 George Louis ^ b. June 1869 
 
 2 Alice Cooper^ b. i Sep. 1871 
 
 3 Frederick WiUiam " b. i Dec. 1875 
 
 (8) Mary'' Cooper (John ^ Elizabeth^) married 12 Jan. 
 1864, Frederick J. Gardner 
 Their children are two 
 
 1 Maria Lincoln ® b. 9 Mar 1868 at Dennysville, Me. 
 
 2 Harriet Cooper** b. 31 Aug 1870 at Dennysville, Me. 
 
XXXV 
 
 (9) Harriet Coolidge'* Cooper (John ^ Elizabeth "^ married 
 24 Oct 1867 Edward B. Kelly 
 They had one child 
 I Frank Edward'' b. 16 July 1868 d. 10 Aug 1868 
 
 (4) Elizabeth Savage '"^ Cooper (John^ Elizabeth 2) married 
 13 Oct 187s at Amherst Mass, Dr. John Gilbert 
 Stanton 
 They have one child 
 I Alice Cooper^ b. 27 July 1879 at New London 
 
 (7) Alice Girdler^ Cooper (John^ Elizabeth 2) married 
 6 Sep. 1 88 1 at Amherst, Frederick Tuckerman of 
 Amherst Mass 
 Their children are two 
 
 1 Margaret b. 6 June 1884 
 
 2 Frederika b. 23 April 1888 
 
 TUDOR, SAVAGE, COOPER, PORTER 
 
 (2) Charles WendelP Porter (John^ EHzabeth^) married 
 
 at Batavia 111. i Sep 1864 Susan Ellen Lockwood 
 daughter of Hon. Samuel D. Lockwood Associate 
 Justice of the Supreme Court of 111. 
 Their children are three 
 
 1 Mary King" b. 
 
 2 Harriet Eager'' b. 
 
 3 Anna Lockwood ^ h. 
 
 (3) John Cooper^ Porter (John^ Elizabeth 2) married at St. 
 
 Louis, 9 June 1852, Anna McKee. She died 23 
 Nov. 1867 
 Their children were two 
 
 1 Elizabeth Savage ^ b. 9 April 1853 at St Louis 
 
 2 Charles Wendell « b. 9 Mar. 1866 at St Louis 
 
 Errata in line 8th from bottom, for " Eager b."read " Eddy b. 27 Oct. 1867 ". 
 Addenda, to line loth from bottom add "born at Batavia, 111." To line 
 9th ditto, add " 8 June 1865 ", to line 7th ditto add " 15 June 1869 ". 
 
XXXVI 
 
 (i) Amelia Duryee^ Buck (John,' Elizabeth') married at 
 Philadelphia 26 Sep. 1893, Lyman Johnson 
 They have one child 
 I Barbara^ b. 11 Nov. 1894 at Sioux Rapids Iowa 
 
 TUDOR, SAVAGE, BRUCE. 
 Jane^ Savage (John ^ Elizabeth ^) married Phineas Bruce 
 lawyer b. 7 Jan. (or June) 1762 son of George 
 Bruce & Hannah Lovett of Mendon Mass. at 
 Machias, March 1795 she died at Cambridge Mass 
 1845 he died in Uxbridge Mass. 9 Oct. 1809 
 Their children were six, all born at Machias 
 
 1 George W.^ b. 7 Jan. 1796 
 
 2 Henry ^ b. 12 Feby. 1798 
 
 3 Edward^ b. 3 July 1799 
 
 4 Mary'' b. 7 June 1801 d. 25 Nov. 1801 
 
 5 James Savage* b. 25 Nov. 1802 
 
 6 William Savage* b. 28 Nov. 1804 
 
 Commodore Henry* Bruce U. S. Navy (John' Elizabeth') 
 married Miss Marston b. he died she died 
 
 Their children were six 
 
 1 Jane^b. d. unmarried 
 
 2 Eliza ^ b. married Mr. Ryan and left one child 
 
 3 (James) ^? 
 4 
 
 5 Mary^'b. d. unmarried 
 
 6 Sarah ^ h. married Philip Voorhees, son of Ad- 
 
 miral Philip K. Voorhees 
 James Savage* Bruce (John' Elizabeth 2) married 
 Their children were two 
 
 1 James ^ b. d. young 
 
 2 Emma^ b. d. unmarried 
 

XXXVII 
 
 TUDOR, STEWART 
 (6) Delia ^ Tudor (John ^ William 2) married Charles Stew- 
 art Commodore U. S. Navy on 25 Nov 18 1 3 b. 
 she died 7 Sept 1861 at Dublin Ire. he died 
 Their children were three 
 
 1 Charles Tudor* b. d. S. P. Rome 8 apr 1874 
 
 2 DeHa Tudor* b. 18 14 
 3 
 
 TUDOR, STEWART, PARNELL. 
 (2) Deha Tudor * Stewart (John,^ William,^ Delia^) mar- 
 ried May 1834 John Henry Parnell of Avondale 
 Ireland b. 181 1 d. 1859 
 Their children are ten 
 
 1 Delia Stewart^ b. 1837 m- James Thomson d. 188 
 
 2 Hayes^b. d. 1853 Nice France 
 
 3 Emily 5 b. m. 1865 Capt Dickinson 
 
 4 Sophia^ b. m. Alfred MacDermott Barrister of 
 
 Dublin. She died but left children 
 
 5 John Howard^ b. 
 
 6 Charles Stewart^ b. 28 June 1846 m. Kate O'Shea 25 
 
 June 1 89 1 d. S. P. at Brighton Eng. 6 Oct. 1891 
 
 7 Fanny ^ b. 1848 d. 1882 at Boston Mass. S. P. 
 
 8 Annie Mercer^ b. 
 
 9 Henry Tudor ^ b. 1850 
 
 10 Theodosia^ b. m. Lieut. Claude Paget 
 
INDEX OF NAMES IN DIARY. 
 
 Acworth, Capt. C, 49. 
 Adams, John, 25, 34. 
 Amherst, Colonel, 14. 
 General, 9. 
 Anson, Admiral, 4. 
 Appleton, Rev. N., 20. 
 Arnold, Gen. B., 63. 
 Atkins, Deliverance, 1 10. 
 
 Capt. H., 7. 
 Attucks, C., 3^. 
 Austin, S., 63. 
 Avery, John, 86. 
 Ayscough, J., 48. 
 
 Barclay, A., 48. 
 
 Bernard, Governor, 11, 28. 
 
 Bishop, T., 48. 
 
 Boscowin, Admiral, 9. 
 
 Bowdoin,Lieut.-Gov. James, 85. 
 
 Boylston, Dr. Z. L., 8. 
 
 Bromadge, H., 48. 
 
 Brown, Deacon, loi. 
 
 Bruce, Capt. J., 44. 
 
 Bryant, J., 46. 
 
 Bunker, G., 58. 
 
 Burgoyne, General, 70. 
 
 Burke, E., 25. 
 
 Bute, Lord, 18. 
 
 Caner, Rev. Dr. Henry, 96. 
 Carr, P., 31. 
 Caldwell, J., 33. 
 Charlotte, Queen, II, 14. 
 Chauncy, Rev. Dr., 100. 
 Clark, Dr. J., 25, 100. 
 R., 44. 
 
 Clinton, General, 73. 
 Codman, John, 105. 
 Coffin, Capt. H., 21, 44. 
 Colville, Lord, 14. 
 Collins, Lieutenant, 48, 
 Colman, Dr., 85. 
 Cooledge, M., 54, 83. 
 Cooper, J., 22, 103, 104. 
 
 Rev. S., 22, 85, 99, 100. 
 
 Capt. T., 22. 
 
 W., 22, 23, 85, 106. 
 
 Rev.W., 3, 22,85. 
 Cornwallis, Lord, 89. 
 Cras, E. L., 48. 
 Gushing, Judge J., 57. 
 
 Justice W., 57. 
 Cutler, Dr. T., i. 
 Cornwallis, Lord, 89. 
 
 Dana, R., 31. 
 
 Dalrymple, Colonel, 27, 33, 34, 
 
 35- 
 Davenport, Rev. Addington, 96. 
 Davis, Caleb, 86. 
 Dawson, G., 48. 
 DeGrasse, Count, 90. 
 DeKamsey, 10. 
 Douglas, Dr. W., 7, 8. 
 
 Eckley, Rev. J., 78. 
 Eliot, Dr. A., 74, 79. 
 Rev. J., 79. 
 
 Faneuil, B., Jr., 44. 
 Fluker, T., 37. 
 Foster, J., 74. 
 
 Franklin, 19. 
 Freeman, S., 64. 
 
 Rev. Dr. James, 95, 
 96. 
 
 Gage, General, 28, 46, 50. 
 Gambler, Commodore, 36. 
 Gates, General, 70. 
 George IL, King, 2, 11. 
 
 IIL, King, II, 23,63. 
 
 IV., Prince, 14. 
 Goldsmith, J. B., i. 
 Gordon, Rev. W., 59. 
 Grant, W., 48. 
 Graves, Admiral, 46, 48, 53, 55. 
 
 Thos., 48. 
 Gray, Rev. E., i, 2, 5, 6, 8, 87, 
 
 102. 
 Gray, S., 33. 
 
 Greenough, Deacon, 87, 10 1. 
 Gridley, 58. 
 
 Hall, Capt. J., 44. 
 Hallowell, B., 18. 
 
 R. H., 18. 
 
 Captain, 14. 
 Hancock, J., 26, 33, 42, 62, 66, 
 
 85, 107. 
 Hartwell, B., 48. 
 Henshaw, Andrew, 86. 
 Higginson, Stephen, 105. 
 Hoar, D., 48. 
 Holmes, G., 4, 5. 
 Hopkins, Capt. J. B., 77. 
 
 Adml. Esek, 77. 
 
 Jno., 53. 
 
Howe, T., 48. 
 Hunter, W., 48. 
 Hutchinson, Ed., 9. 
 
 Elisha, 44. 
 
 Thos., 19, 20, 31, 
 34, 37. 44- 
 
 Ivers, J., 42. 
 
 Jarvis, Delia, 7, 1 10. 
 
 Deliverance A., no. 
 
 Elias, Jr., no. 
 Johnson, General, 9. 
 
 Knight, J., 48. 
 Knox, Gen, H., 37. 
 
 Larabee, Capt. J., 6. 
 Lathrop, Rev. Mr,, 87, 
 Lee, General, 73. 
 Dea. T., 29. 
 L'Etonibe, de, 76. 
 Lewis, Thomas, 109. 
 
 Thomas, Jr., 109. 
 Lovett, Captain, 89. 
 Lyon, Rev. Mr., 105, 
 Macartney, J., 48. 
 Maltby, W., 48. 
 Marshall, T„ 62, 
 Mather, C„ 8, 
 Matthews, Admiral, 3. 
 Maverick, S., 33. 
 Medows, E., 48. 
 Monkton, General, 13. 
 Montague, G., 48. 
 J., 48. 
 Montcalm, General, 10, 
 Montgomery, General, 63. 
 Mowatt, Lieut. S., 48, 
 
 Newell, T., 62. 
 
 Noailles, Marquis de, 2, 
 Nunn, J., 48. 
 
 Oliver, Andrew, 17, 18, 28, 37, 
 
 40, 
 Otis, Mercy, 64. 
 
 James, 64, 105. 
 
 Rarsons, Rev. Mr., 35. 
 Pemberton, Rev. E., 35, 70, 87, 
 
 102. 
 Pepperell, W., 4. 
 Percy, Lord., 51. 
 Perkins, Dr. J., 7, 16. 
 Pitt, W., 23. 
 Pitts, J., 62. 
 Prescott, Colonel, 58. 
 Preston, Capt. T., 31, 34, 37. 
 Proctor, Colonel Edward, 98. 
 Putnam, General, 57, 58, 60. 
 
 Riccioli, II. 
 
 Ridgway, Deacon, 102. 
 
 Roach, F., 44, 
 
 Robbins, Rev, Chandler, loi. 
 
 Robinson, Capt, J., 48, 
 
 Roby, Henry, 109, 
 
 Savage, Betsey, 103, 108, 
 
 Deborah, 54. 
 
 Elizabeth Tudor, 22, 53 
 54, 103, 108. 
 Savage, Habijah, 53, 54. 
 
 James, 103, 105. 
 
 Jane, 103. 
 
 William, 103, 105. 
 Scollay, J., 62. 
 Sewall, Rev. J,, 15, 32, 
 Smith, Captain, 27, 
 Col, F., 51. 
 Snow, 53. 
 
 Tudor, 
 
 Stanly, T., 49, 93. 
 
 Capt. T., 49, 
 Story, W., 18, 
 Sumner, 41. 
 
 Thacher, Rev. P., i, 29, 57, 79. 
 Thompson, Charles, 66. 
 
 James, 96. 
 
 Mary, 94, 108. 
 
 William, 93. 
 
 Thornborough, E., 48, 
 Tileston, John, 103, 
 Town, 5. 
 Townshend, 27, 
 
 Delia, 108, 109, no. 
 Delia J. 
 Emma Jane, 18. 
 Frederic, 105. 
 James, 7, 104. 
 Jane, 7, 53, 108. 
 Deacon John, 5, 8, 22, 29, 
 32, 42, 49, 53, 54, 98, 
 loi, 102, 109, no. 
 John, I, 7, 94, 105, 
 Mary, 7, 49, 
 Col, William, 7, 16, 18, 
 
 20, 54, 59, 67, 75. 
 William, 105. 
 Turrell, Mrs., 29. 
 
 Vandeput, G., 48. 
 Varney, Jane, t, 
 Vernon, Admiral, 3. 
 
 Wallace, T., 48. 
 Ward, Gen. A., 58, 59. 
 
 J- 54. 
 Warren, Commodore, 4. 
 
 J., 63. 
 
 Dr. John, 100. 
 
Warren, Gen. Joseph, lOO. Welsteed, Rev. W., i, 2, 5,8, William, Prince, 2, 21, 
 
 Washington, General, 59, 60, 87, 102. Williams, 104. 
 
 62, 67, 68, 73, 89, 90. Wendell, O., 62. Wolfe, General, 10. 
 
 Watts, Rev. Dr., 98. Whitefield, Rev. Geo., 2, 10, 15, 
 
 Webster, Daniel, 34. 35. Young, J., no. 
 
INDEX TO GENEALOGY AND PAGES WITH ROMAN NUMERALS. 
 
 Adams, President John, vii, viii, 
 ix, X, xi, XV, 
 Samuel, vii, 
 Ames, Fisher, xiv, 
 Ashburner, Annie, xxix. 
 Samuel, xxix. 
 
 Bangs, Alice, xxx. 
 
 Edward, xxx. 
 Binney, Amos, xxiv. 
 
 Harriet R., xxiv. 
 Lucy, xxiv. 
 Briggs, L. Vernon, v. 
 Bruce, Edward, xxxvi, 
 Eliza, xxxvi. 
 Emma, xxxvi. 
 George, xxxvi. 
 George W., xxxvi. 
 Hannah L., xxxvi. 
 Com'dore Henry, xxxvi. 
 James, xxxvi. 
 James S., xxxvi. 
 Jane, xxxvi. 
 Jane S., xxxvi. 
 Phineas, xxxvi. 
 Sarah, xxxvi. 
 William S., xxxvi. 
 Buck, Amelia D., xxxiv, xxxv. 
 Rev. Edward H., xxxiv. 
 Elizabeth C, xxxiv. 
 Bugbee, Alice C, xxxiv. 
 
 Frederick W,, xxxiv. 
 George E., xxxiv, 
 George L., xxxiv. 
 Helen C, xxxiv. 
 
 Burgoyne, General, xi, xii, xiii, 
 xix. 
 
 Charlemagne, xv. 
 
 Cooper, Alice G., xxxiii, xxxv. 
 
 Anna P., xxxiii. 
 
 Arthur S., xxxii, 
 
 Caroline P., xxxii.' 
 
 Caroline S., xxxii, xxxiv. 
 
 Charles W., xxxii, xxxiii, 
 xxxiv. 
 
 Eliza D., xxxii. 
 
 Elizabeth D., xxxii, 
 xxxiv, 
 
 Elizabeth P., xxxiii. 
 
 Elizabeth S., xxxiii, 
 xxxv. 
 
 Emma E., xxxii, xxxiii. 
 
 Emma P., xxxii. 
 
 Harriet C, xxxii, xxxiv, 
 
 Harriet S., xxxiii. 
 
 Helen M., xxxii, xxxiv. 
 
 James I., xxxiii. 
 
 James S., xxxii. 
 Jennie M., xxxiii. 
 
 John, xxxi, xxxii. 
 
 John T., xxxii. 
 
 Katharine W., xxxi, 
 
 Mary, xxxii, xxxiv, 
 
 Mary [., xxxiii. 
 
 Mary S., xxxii, xxxiii, 
 
 Ruth, xxxiii. 
 
 Samuel, xxxii. 
 
 Sarah D., xxxiii, 
 
 Thomas S., xxxii. 
 
 Cooper, William, xxxi, xxxii. 
 
 William S., xxxii, xxxiii. 
 Converse, Emma L., xxviii, 
 Emma T., xxviii. 
 Frederick S., xxviii. 
 Gushing, Elizabeth C, xxxiv. 
 Luther S., xxxiv. 
 
 Dalton, Eliza B., xxxii. 
 Darling, Sarah J., x>L\iii. 
 Dickinson, Emily P., xxxvii. 
 
 Fenno, Euphemia, xxv. 
 
 Upton, xxv. 
 Ferguson, Charles V., xxxi, 
 Eleanor M,, xxxi, 
 Emma G., xxxi. 
 Rev. Henry, xxxi. 
 Henry G., xxxi. 
 Samuel, xxxi. 
 Foster, Fanny H., xxv. 
 
 James, xxv. 
 Foucade, Lydia V., de, xxiv. 
 Fowler, Edward, xxa. 
 Dorothea, xxa. 
 
 Gage, General, iii, x, xi. 
 
 Galloway, Lord, xv, 
 
 Gardiner, Alfred, xxx. 
 Alice, xxxi, 
 Alice B., xxx, 
 Ann H., xxix. 
 Anna L., xxxi. 
 Annie E. H., xxviii. 
 Anne H., xxviii., xxix 
 
Gardiner, Delia T., xxviii. 
 
 Eleanor, xxviii. 
 
 Eleanor H., xxviii. 
 
 Emma J., xxviii., xxix., 
 XXX., xxxi. 
 
 Emma T., xxviii. 
 
 Frances V., xxxi. 
 
 Francis R., xxix. 
 
 Frederic, xxviii. 
 
 Frederic, Rev., xxx., 
 xxxi. 
 
 Frederic M., xxxi. 
 
 Hays, xxi. 
 
 Henrietta, xxviii., xxx. 
 
 John H., xxix. 
 
 John T., xxix. 
 
 John W. T., xxviii. 
 
 Lucy v., xxviii. 
 
 Robert H., v., xxviii., 
 XXX., xxxi. 
 
 Sallie M., xxxi. 
 
 Sarah J., xxviii. 
 
 Silvester, xxxi. 
 
 William H., xxxi. 
 
 William T., xxx., xxxi. 
 Gardner, Frederick J., xxxiv. 
 
 Harriet C, xxxiv. 
 Gardner, Maria L., xxxiv. 
 Mary C., xxxiv. 
 Garland, James A., xxvii, 
 
 Mary T., xxvii. 
 
 Tudor, xxvii. 
 George HI., i. 
 
 IV., XV. 
 Girdler, Abigail I., xxxiii. 
 Capt. John, xxxiii. 
 Greene, Gardiner, xvi. 
 
 Hart, Edith E. A., xxvii. 
 
 Eleonora E. T., xxvii. 
 Ernest P. T., xxvii. 
 Frederick L., xxvii. 
 
 Hart, Mary E, E. T., xxvii. 
 William O. T., xxvii. 
 
 Hays, Annie E., xxviii. 
 Hassold, Hamlett, xxa. 
 Margaret, xxa. 
 Henley, Colonel, xii, xiii. 
 Hooper, Harriet,xxiii. 
 House, Walter, xxa. 
 Howard, Cora, xxix. 
 
 Benjamin C, xxix. 
 Howe, Julia Ward, xxx. 
 Laura E., xxx. 
 Samuel S., xxx. 
 General, xix. 
 Hubbard, Mary, xxvi. 
 Hutchinson, xxvii, Barnard, xxvi. 
 Euphemia K., xxvi. 
 Alcander, xxvi. 
 
 Ingersoll, Abigail, xxxiii. 
 Mary, xxiii. 
 
 Jarvis, Delia, xi, xiii, xxii. 
 Johnson, Amelia B., xxxvi. 
 Barbara, xxxvi. 
 Lyman, xxxvi. 
 Johnston, Euphemia, xxv. 
 Jones, Delia G., xxviii. 
 George, xxviii 
 Sarah F., xxviii. 
 Josephine, Empress of France, 
 
 Kelly, Edward B., xxxv. 
 Frank E., xxxv. 
 Harriet C, xxxv. 
 King, Rufus, xv. 
 Kleczkowski, Eleonora D. J. A., 
 xxvi. 
 Euphemia, A. A. 
 M., xxvi. 
 
 Kleczkowski, Euphemia T., xxvi. 
 Frederic T. A. P. 
 
 H., xxvi. 
 Joseph, Count 
 
 xxvi. 
 Julia Sobeieska, 
 
 xxvi. 
 Michael A. C. 
 
 Count xxvi. 
 Yvonne, J. M. I. 
 
 v., xxvi. 
 Knox, General, xix. 
 
 Langdon, John, v. 
 Lincoln, Elizabeth O., xxiv. 
 
 James O., xxiv. 
 Lockwood, Susan E., xxxv. 
 
 Justice Samuel D., 
 xxxv. 
 Lloyd, Edward, xxa. 
 Lovell, John, vii. 
 Lovett, Hannah, xxxvi. 
 Lucena, Mary D., xxiv. 
 
 McCrea, xiii. 
 
 McDermott, Alfred, xxxvii. 
 
 Sophia P., xxxvii. 
 McKee, Anna, xxxv. 
 Maldonado, Antonia, xxiv. 
 Marston, xxxvi. 
 Mason, Jonathan, xvi. 
 Merrick, SalHe, xxxi. 
 
 William H., xxxi. 
 Minot, Judge George R., xiv., 
 
 xviii. 
 Monroe, President James, xv. 
 Mouat, EHzabeth, v. 
 
 Capt. George, v. 
 
 Napoleon I., xiv, xvi. 
 Newman, Caroline C, xxxiv. 
 Emma E.-, xxxiv. 
 
Newman, Rev. William J., xxxiv. 
 
 Oliver, vii. 
 O'Shea, Kate, xxxvii. 
 Otis, Harrison Gray, xvi. 
 James, v., vii. 
 
 Paget, Claude, xxxvii. 
 
 Theodosia P., xxxvii. 
 Parker, Chief-Justice Isaac, xiv. 
 Parnell, Annie M., xxxvii. 
 
 Charles Stewart, xxxvii. 
 
 Delia S., xxxvii. 
 
 Emily, xxxvii. 
 
 Fanny, xxxvii. 
 
 Hayes, xxxvii. 
 
 Henry T., xxxvii. 
 
 John H., xxxvii. 
 
 Kate O'S., xxxvii. 
 
 Sophia, xxxvii. 
 
 Theodosia, xxxvii. 
 Parsons, Theophilus, vii. 
 Porter, Anna L., xxxv. 
 
 Anna McK., xxxv. 
 
 Caroline E., xxxiv. 
 
 Charles W., xxxiv., xxxv. 
 
 Elizabeth S., xxxiii., 
 xxxv. 
 
 Emma C, xxxiii. 
 
 Emma J., xxxiv. 
 
 Harriet E., xxxv. 
 
 John C, xxxiii, xxxiv, 
 xxxv. 
 
 Mary K., xxxv. 
 
 Rufus K., xxxiii. 
 
 Susan L., xxxv. 
 
 Quincy, Josiah, xiv. 
 
 Richards, Alice M., xxx. 
 Amy, xxx. 
 Anne H., xxix. 
 
 Richards, Annie A., xxix. 
 
 Cora H., xxix. 
 
 Dorothy, xxx. 
 
 Ellen S., xxix. 
 
 Francis, xxix. 
 
 Francis A., xxix. 
 
 Francis G., xxix. 
 
 George H., xxi, xxix. 
 
 Henry, xxix, xxx. 
 
 Henry H., xxx. 
 
 John, xxx. 
 
 John T., xxix. 
 
 Laura E., xxx. 
 
 Madeleine, xxx. 
 
 Maud, xxx. 
 
 Robert H., xxix. 
 
 Rosalind, xxx. 
 
 Ruth, xxx. 
 
 Sarah, xxix. 
 Rogers, Emma S., xxiv. 
 William B., xxiv. 
 Mrs., xxi. 
 Ryan, Eliza B., xxxvi. 
 
 Savage, Antonia M., xxiv. 
 Arthur, xxiii., xxiv. 
 Deborah, xxiii. 
 Elizabeth O., xxiv. 
 Elizabeth, xxiii, xxxi, 
 xxxii, xxxiii, xxxiv, 
 xxxv, xxxvi. 
 Elizabeth T., xxiii. 
 Emma, xxiv. 
 Emma B., xxiv. 
 Habijah, xxiii. 
 Harriet, xxiv. 
 Harriet H., xxiii. 
 
 Lieut.-Col. James, xxiv. 
 
 James O., xxiv. 
 
 James, xxiii, xxiv. 
 
 Jane, xxiii, xxxvi. 
 
 John, xxiii. 
 
 Savage, Josephine, xxiv. 
 Lucy, xxiv. 
 Lydia de F., xxiv. 
 Mary E., xxiii, xxxii, 
 
 xxxiii. 
 Mary I., xxiii. 
 Mary L., xxiv. 
 Mary M., xxiv. 
 Nicholas, xxiv. 
 Thomas, xxiii, xxiv. 
 Thomas E., xxiv. 
 Thomas F., xxiv. 
 William, xxiii, xxxiii. 
 Skipwith, Helen, xxvii. 
 Simes, Joseph, xxv. 
 Louisa, xxv. 
 Sobieski, John, King of Poland, 
 xxvi, 
 
 Julie, xxvi. 
 Stanly, Mary T., xxii. 
 Thomas, xxii. 
 Stanton, Alice C, xxxv. 
 
 Elizabeth C, xxxv. 
 John G., xxxv. 
 Stewart, Commodore Charles, 
 xxxvii. 
 Charles T., xxxvii. 
 Delia T., xxxvii. 
 Sullivan, Henrietta G., xxviii. 
 Richard, xxi, xxviii. 
 Swallow, Ellen H., xxix. 
 
 Tadore, John, xx, xxa. 
 Thompson, James, xxii, xxiii. 
 
 John T., xxiii. 
 
 Henry, xxiii. 
 
 Mary T., xxii. 
 
 William, xxiii. 
 Thomson, Deha P., xxxvii. 
 
 James, xxxvii. 
 Tuckerman, Alice C, xxxv. 
 
 Frederick, xxi, xxxv. 
 
Tuckerman, Frederika, xxxv. 
 Margaret, xxxv. 
 Tuder, John, xxa. 
 
 Juan, xxa. 
 
 Ralph, xxa. 
 Tudor, Delia, xxii, xxxvii. 
 
 DeHa Aimee, xxvi. 
 
 Delia J., xxii, xxv, xxvii. 
 
 Dorothea, xxa. 
 
 Eleonora E., xxv, xxvii. 
 
 Elizabeth, v., xxii, xxiii, 
 xxvi. 
 
 Emma, xxv. 
 
 Emma C, xxv, xxviii. 
 
 Emma J., xxii, xxviii. 
 
 Euphemia, xxv, xxvi. 
 
 Euphemia F., xxv. 
 
 Fanny F., xxv. 
 
 Fanny, xxv. 
 
 Frederic, v, xvii, xxi, 
 xxii, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, 
 xxviii. 
 
 Henry, xxv. 
 
 Henry Dubois, xxvi. 
 
 Henry J., xxii, xxv. 
 
 James, xxii. 
 
 Tudor, Jane V , xxii. 
 
 Deacon John, i, iv, v, vii, 
 x, xiv, XX, xxa, xxi, 
 xxii, xxiii, xxiv, xxv, 
 xxvi, xxvii, xxviii, xxix, 
 xxx, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiii, 
 xxxiv, xxxv, xxxvi, 
 xxxvii. 
 
 John, xxa, xxii. 
 
 John H., xxii. 
 
 Louisa S., xxv. 
 
 Margaret, xxa. 
 
 Mary, xxa, xxii, xxvi. 
 
 Mary L., xxv, xxvii. 
 
 Matthew, xxa. 
 
 Roger, XX, xxa. 
 
 Rosamond, xxv. 
 
 Thomas, v., xx, xxa. 
 
 Col. (Judge) William, v, 
 vii, viii, ix, xi, xiv, xv, 
 xvi, xvii, xviii, xix, xxi, 
 xxii, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, 
 xxviii, xxix, xxx, xxxi. 
 
 Virginia, xxv. 
 
 William, v, vi, xx, xxa, 
 xxi, xxii, xxv, xxvi. 
 
 Varney, Jane, xxii. 
 Vaughan, Caroline, xxx. 
 
 William, xxx. 
 Voorhees Philip, xxxvi. 
 
 Admiral Thilip K. 
 xxxvi. 
 
 Sarah B., xxxvi, 
 
 Ward, Julia, xxx. 
 
 Washington, Gen. George, xi, 
 
 xiv, XV, xviii. 
 Wendell, Katharine, xxxi. 
 West, Annie E. N., xxviii. 
 Whitwell, Elizabeth, xxvi. 
 Mary IL, xxvi. 
 William S., xxvi. 
 Wilmer, Delia T., xxvii. 
 
 Ephemia F., xxvii. 
 
 Helen S., xxvii. 
 
 Bishop Joseph, xxvii. 
 
 Joseph P. B., xxvii. 
 
 Skipwith, xxvii. 
 
 Delia T., xxvii. 
 W^oodward, Joseph, xvi. 
 
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