GEORGE HOLMES HOWISON The utility ol Soulc*s "Dictionary of EugUsli ByHfrijymes" lias been demonstrated by years of nse, and tlie new •dIUou ^e^'lsed and enlarged by ProfoBPor George H. Howlson, of t^e Unlveisity of Gallfomla, Is sure of a welcome. It was not the aim ol the original work, nor is it the aim of the present edition, to tfiko the place of books like Crabb's "Synonymes" ©r Koget's "Theeaums," but to serve a distinctive pur- Ijose 111 a field \v\x\o enougrt to accommodate woa-kers with very diverse methods. The variods classes of these special works In Jextoography supplement each other. Ho who hdjs, them all Is apt to find oiie use- fa 1 where another fails. W!l»tlier the tfliought in liis inind be definite or indefinite will l>c shown often by thfli collection of synonymes which tunjs out to be most satisfactory in a given case. Sometimes one may start In a fog with the " Thoeaui-us" and feel his way to a clearer atmosphere, and there, with) "Soule" in hand, light upon the very single word he wants In a moment. The revision by Profeseor Howlson involved, as he tells us, S3m© changes wlnei^e errors hud been made be- ^tore, but these were few. The most important clinnge •^us the addition of new matter, amounting In built tio near one-tlilrd that of tlie bookj as It was first published. jj. B. I/lppincott Co. are the publishers. Ko one work can supply the neeas o: writer who at one time desires a better word than that which occurs to him, at another seeks to find expression for a vague idea, and again wishes to select from several words of cognate meaning that which exactly suits bis Eurpose. These requirements are supplied y manuals as varied in character as Crabb's '•"English Synonymes," which, since its origi- nal publication seventy years ago, has passed through numerous editions; Koicet's "The- saurus of Words and Phrases," and the ex- cellent "Dictionary of English Synouymes," which, in its* present revised and enlarged form, Is the work of Prof. Ja a^ww H. Howison_, of the University of California. It.TSffice' is suggestive rather than explan- atory, and Ic provides an alphabetic list of the mora important words in the English lan^fuage, with their various meanings or shades of meaning appended, each followed by its appropriate synonyms. Such a work is likely to meet the requirements of a great number of persons, and the present volume will be found to be an excellent mauual of its kind. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/dictionaryofenglOOsoulrich A DICTIONARY/^' --^-^^^^ OF C ENGLISH SYNONYMES AND ^pnonpmous; or l^arallel ^xpxtMons DESIGNED AS A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO APTNESS AND VARIETY OF PHRASEOLOGY By RICHARD SOULE The exertion of clothing a thought in a completely new set of words increases both clearness of thought and mastery over words. It is the test of a solid thought that it will bear a claange of clothing. — J. R. Seeley Nri» tuition, J^rtisrt uiiti ^rtlthrflti * By GEORGE H. HOWtSON, LL.d; MILLS PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY. 1892. Af-ZSff Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, by Richard Soule, in the OflSce of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. Copyright, 1891, By Harriet W. Soulb. Uou;\ Scrri-- K3«-v^ L".b a Printed by J. B-LiPPrNcorr Company, Philadelphia. PREFACE TO THE NEW EDITION. THE present edition of a work which, now some twenty years before the public, may justly be said to have maintained a standard char- acter, has been undertaken at the request of the author's family. The Editor takes pleasure in saying that, in the minute revision to which the book has been subjected, he has found little more to do than to carry out to a greater completenes* the lines of Mr. Soule's original design. That design, not only in its general conception, but in the execution of its details, seems to him, on the whole, the best that any single work on Synonymes in our language affords, — an impression which has grown stronger during the process of comparison with the chief works of that class rendered necessary in preparing this edition, and which it is believed a like comparison on the part of readers will surely corroborate. The judicious consulter of a synonymic dictionary will readily acquiesce in the statement that a perfect manual of that sort is impossible within the compass of a single work of convenient size and arrangement. Three dis- tinct points of view are necessary to fulfil the wants that are sure to arise when such a work has to be consulted, — the writer, seeking for the most suitable expression, may set out from the less suitable word; or from the vague general notion that he obscurely aims to express ; or, finally, from several words of cognate meanings the exactly suitable one of which he would determine by a close discrimination between them. A work on Synonymes may thus have for its purpose either an alphabetic list of all the more important words in the language, with their various meanings or shades of meaning set down under them, each followed by its appro- priate synonymes ; or a list of general notions, duly named and properly divided and subdivided, with the words and phrases that belong to the ^ Vi PREFACE. expression of each collected under them as fully as possible ; or, again, 'the collocation of words allied in meaning with subjoined disquisitions ^ on the shades of difference between them. The latter conception has ' been the prevaiHng one among English makers of synonymic dictionaries, ^ and is represented by the well-known work of Crabby as well as by any ; the second is that of Roget's Thesaurus ; while the first is that of Soule. It is safe to say that while each is indispensable to a perfect ful- filment of a writer's possible wants, the first is that which is most com- prehensive, most convenient and rapid in use, and most likely to meet the requirements of the greatest number of persons. In endeavoring to carry out Mr. Soule's plan to greater perfection, the chief aim, beyond the correction of press-errors and obvious lapses of the pen, has been to discriminate the various senses of leading words more exactly, completing the distinction where it already existed in part, and supplying it where it was lacking. Besides this, the labor has been mainly confined to enlarging the lists of synonymic words and phrases. The number of such expressions has been increased, on an average, by about a third. For this purpose free use has been made of the new editions of Roget's Thesaurus and the Imperial Dictionary. The Editor takes pleasure in making special acknowledgment of the assistance rendered him by Miss C. N. Bynner. The primary revision of nearly one half of the text has been done by her ; and the thoroughness and accurate knowledge of our vocabular}y with which she has performed her task, have rendered the labor of final revision in that portion of the Dook comparatively light. In a work involving so many details, it is impossible but that errors will have been left or committed, in spite of all endeavors to the contrary. Notice of any such, detected by readers, will be received with thanks. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. THE main design of this Dictionary is to provide a ready means of assistance when one is at a loss for a word or an expression that best suits a particular turn of thought or mood of the mind, or that may obviate an ungraceful repetition. Even practised and skilful writers are sometimes embarrassed in the endeavor to make a sentence more clear, simple, terse, or rhythmical, by the substitution of one form of diction for another. It is presumed that they, as well as novices in composition, will find the present work useful in overcoming difficulties of this sort. As to the method of using it : Whenever a doubt arises in regard to the fitness of any word, and a better one is not readily suggested, let the writer turn to this word in its alphabetical place. Under it will be found the words and phrases, or some clew to the words and phrases, which, in any connection, have the same meaning as itself, or a meaning very nearly the same. That one of them which comes nearest to expressing the exact shade of thought in the writer's mind, will be likely to arrest the attention and determine the choice. In most cases, all the words that belong to any group will be found in that group. But in some instances, as when the same word falls into two or more groups that are near to each other, or when there are so many synonymes for a word that a repetition of every one of them under each m its alphabetical place would seem to be too formal and prolix, the inquirer is referred to some prominent word among them for a view of the whole. Under the word Blockhead, for example, reference is made to the word Dunce^ under which will be found all the words that are synonymous with it. This example is given because it is the most marked one m our language ot a multiplicity of terms for the same idea. Vlll PREFACE. Many nouns ending in ness^ and adverbs ending in ly, have been omitted in their alphabetical places, for the reason that their synonymes are sufficiently indicated by the corresponding adjectives. The aim has been to present at a single glance the words or modes of speech which denote the same object, or which express the same general idea, with only slight shades of difference. There has been no attempt at elaborate discussion of the nice distinctions that obtain between words apparently synonymous ; but hints of such distinctions have been given whenever it was practicable to give them briefly in a parenthetical remark. In preparing this Dictionary, free use has been made of the following works : Roget's Thesaurus of Words and Phrases ; the Quarto Dictionaries of Webster and of Worcester; Crabb's Synonymes; Graham's Syno- nymes; Whately's Synonymes; Piatt's Synonymes; the Dictionaries of Synonymes by Fenby, Sherer, Mackenzie, and Smith ; the Medical Dic- tionaries of Dunglison and of Thomas ; and the United States Dispen- satory by Wood and Bache. It contains much, however, that has been gathered from a wide field of miscellaneous reading during a long series of years. The author is under special obligations to his friends, Mr. Justin WiNSOR, Mr. William A. Wheeler, and Mr. Loomis J. Campbell, for the interest they have manifested in the progress of the work, and for their valuable suggestions and criticisms. Brookline, Mass., 1871. EXPLANATORY TABLE. a. . . . stands for Adjective. ad. . . „ Adverb. Alg. . . „ Algebra. Anat. „ Anatomy. Arch. . „ Architecture. Arith. . „ Arithmetic. Astrol. . . „ Astrology. Astron. . „ Astronomy. Bot. . . . „ Botany. Chem. . „ Chemistry. Colloq. . „ Colloquial. Com. . . ,, Commerce. conj. . . „ Conjunction. EccL . . „ Ecclesiastical. Eng. . . . „ England, or English. Ent. . . . ,, Entomology. Fort. . . . „ Fortification. Fr. . . . „ French. Geol. . . . ,, Geology. Geom. „ Geometry, Gram. . „ Grammar. Gr. . . . Greek. Her. . . . „ Heraldry. Ich. . . . „ Ichthyology. infer/. . . „ Interjection. It. . . . „ Italian. L. . . . „ Latin. Log. stands for Logic. Math. Med. . Met. . Meteor. Mil. . Min. . Mus. . Mythol. Naut. n. . . Ornith. Phys. . Physiol, pi.. . prep. . Psychol. Rhet. . Sculp, sing. . Sp. . Surg. Theol. U.S. . V. a. . V. n. , Zool. . Mathematics. Medicine. Metaphysics. Meteorology, Military. Mineralogy. Music. Mythology. Nautical. Noun. Ornithology. Physics. Physiology. Plural. Preposition. Psychology. Rhetoric. Sculpture. Singular. Spanish. Surgery. Theology. United States. Verb Active. Verb Neuter. Zoology. Italics, in the printing of a word or a phrase, signify that the expression belongs to a foreign language, and is not yet completely naturalized in English, being still pronounced according to its ovra tongue. When a word has more than one signification, the separate groups of synonymes, corre- sponding to the several meanings, are designated by figures. Parts of synonymic phrases, enclosed in parentheses, but not italicized, are eptional. , » 1 » » SYNONYMES. Ab&cTs., ad. Back, backward, rearward, regres- sively, to the rear. A1>aft, prep. {Naui.) Behind, back of, in the rear of. Abaft, ad. {N^aut.) Aft, astern, behind, back, rearward, in the rear. Abalienate, v. a. I. Alienate, estrange. 2. {Law.) Alienate, transfer, convey, demise, make over, deliver over Abalienation, «. (Law.) Alienation, transfer, demise, conveyance. Abandon, v. a I. Leave, relinquish, quit, for- sake, desert, evacuate, drop, abjure, forswear, give over, cast ofE, retire from, withdraw from. 2. Surrender, cede, yield, resign, forego, re- nounce, waive, vacate, deliver up, give up, part with, let go, lay down, demit. See Abdicate. Abandoned, a. I. Relinquished, deserted, for- saken, cast away, rejected^ discarded, given up, given over, cast off, cast aside, thrown overboard, demitted. 2. Depraved, corrupted, corrupt, profligate, vicious, smful, wicked, dissolute, reprobate, grace- less, shameless, unprincipled, lost, obdurate, hard- ened, impenitent, mcorrigible, irreclaimable, de- moralized, lost to shame, dead to honor. Abandonment, n. I. Abandoning, relinquish- ment, desertion, dereliction. 2. Renunciation, surrender, cession, resigna- tion, abnegation, abjuration, rejection, demission. See Abdication. Abase, V. a. I. Depress, detrude, lower, reduce, drop, sink, stoop, cast down, let down, throw down, let fall. 2. Degrade, humble, disgrace, dishonor, hu- miliate, debase, bring low, take down. Abasement, «. I. Depression, detrusion, reduc- tion, lowering, fall, deterioration, degradation, debasement, degeneracy, degeneration, vitiation, perversion, depravation. 2. Abjectness, abjection, vileness, baseness, contemptibleness, despicableness, ignominy, tur- pitude, infamy.^ 3. Humiliation, condescension, submission, submissiveness, resignation, humility, meekness, humbleness, lowliness, self-abasement. Abash, V. a. Shame, mortify, confuse, confound, disconcert, discompose, cow, humiliate, humble, snub, put to shame, make ashamed, put down, put out of countenance, take down, send away with a flea m one's ear. See Discounthnancb. Abashment, n. Confusion, shame, mortification, embarrassment. Abate, v. a. I. Lessen, diminish, decrease, re- duce, lower, relax, slacken. 2. Remit, allow, bate, rebate, deduct. 3. Moderate, assuage, mitigate, soothe, sofiten, qualify, alleviate, mollify, allay, appease, pacify, compose, tranquillize, temper, attemper, quiet, quell, calm, dull, blunt. 4. Batter down, beat down, demolish, raze, lay low. 5. {Law.) Remove, suppress, terminate, put an end to. Abate, v. n. I. Decrease, diminish, lessen, sub- side, sink, wane, decline, fall away, fall off, fade, fade away, ebb, intermit, slacken. 2. {Law.) Be defeated, frustrated, or over- thrown, fail. Abatement, «. I. Diminution, decrease, decre- ment, lessening, mitigation, moderation, assuage- ment, extenuation, remission. 2. Subsidence, decline, lowering, sinking, set- tling, wane, fading, evanishing, evanishment, ebb. 3. Discount, allowance, rebate, deduction, re- duction, drawback. Abattoir, «. Slaughter-house, slaughter-pen, shambles. Abbey, n. Monastery, convent, cloister, priory, nunnery. Abbreviate, v. a. Shorten {hy cutting off \ curtail, reduce, contract, retrench, condense, compress, epitomize, cut short, cut down. See Abridge. Abbreyiation, «. Shortening {by cutting off), curtailment, contraction, reduction, condensation, compression, brief, compend, compendium, ab- stract, epitome. See Abridgment. Abdicate, v. a. Resign {an office or dignity), sur- render {a right), cede, forego, renounce, relin- quish, abandon, quit, vacate, give up, part with, lay down, renounce all claim to. Abdicate, v.n. Resign, relinquish office, {espe- cially that of a king ), vacate the throne, retire to private life, go into retirement. Abdication, n. Abdicating, resignation, surrender, renunciation, abandonment. Abdomen, ». Belly, paunch, ventral region, vis- ceral region, visceral cavity. Abdominal, a. Ventral. Abdominous, a. Large-bellied, great-bellied, big- belHed, pot-bellied, tun-bellied, paunchy. Abduce, V. a. (Anat.) Withdraw, draw away, pull back, retract. Abduct, V. a. Take away {surreptitiously or for- cibly, or both), kidnap, carry off, run away with, run o£E with, spirit away, drag away. /. S S oS «- .....ADDUCTION. f AMltCtioil, «. I. Withdrawing, withdrawal, with- drawment, drawing away. 2. Kidnapping, etc. See Abduct. AMuctor, n. I. Kidnapper, etc. 2. {Anat.) Muscle drawing from the axis. Aberdevine, «. Siskin {jCarduelis spinus^ Frin- gilla spinus). AI)errance, «. Deviation, departure, wandering, roving, roaming, error, aberrancy. See Aber- ration. A1)errant, a. I. Deviating, wandering, rambling, diverging, divergent, devious, erratic, out of the right way. 2. Irregular, abnormal, unnatural, unusual, sin- gular, peculiar, anomalous, unconformable, ex- ceptional, strange, anomalistic, eccentric, erratic, out of the way, disconnected, inconsequent, idiotic, monstrous, preternatural. At>erration, «. I. Deviation, divergence, wander- ing, rambling, departure. 2. Irregularity, eccentricity, singularity, pe- culiarity, strangeness, unconformity, anomaly, abnormity, monstrosity. 3. Illusion, delusion, hallucination, monoma- nia, self-deception, A1>et, V. a. I. Aid, assist, help, support, succor, second, sustain, upholjl, back, co-operate with, take part with, give support to, embolden, subsi- dize. 2. Favor, encourage, sanction, countenance, advocate, connive at, be or become subsidiary to. 3. (Law.) Instigate (to commit a critfu)^ stimulate, incite, foment. A1)ettor, n. I. Assistant, helper, aider, coadjutor, co-operator, ally, auxiliary. 2. Advocate, adviser, promoter, instigator. 3. Confederate, accomplice, accessory, parti- ceps criminis, soctus criminis. Al)eyance, «. I. (Law.) Expectation, prospect, expectancy, waiting, anticipation, calculation, contemplation. * 2. Suspense, suspension, snspendedness, reser- vation, intermission, remission, dormancy, qui- escence, suppression, sublation. Al)llor, V. a. Hate, abominate, detest, loathe, nauseate, shrink from, recoil from, revolt at, shudder at, view with horror. Al^liorreiice, «. Abomination, horror, detestation, hatred, loathing, disgust, antipathy, aversion. Abhorrent, a. I. Hating, detesting, abominat- ing, loathing. 2. Odious, offensive, shocking, repugnant, hateful, loathsome, revolting, nauseating, horrify- ing, horrible, repellent, repulsive. Abide, V. n. I. Stay, sojourn, tarry, lodge, rest, keep, take up one's quarters, pitch one's tent. 2. Dwell, reside, live, inhabit, settle, plant one's self, get a footing, get a foothold. 3. Remain, continue, persist, persevere, go on, keep on, be steadfast, be constant. See Subsist. 4. Endure, last, be enduring, be indestructi- ble, be permanent, be immutable. Abide, V. a. I. Await, attend, wait for, be in readiness for, be in store for. 2. Endure, tolerate, bear, brook, suffer, bear with, put up with, sustain. Abide by. Act up to, conform to, persist in, keep, fulfil, discharcre (of promises, and the like). Abidin?, a. Permanent, lasting, durable, constant, continuing, stable, changeless, unchangeable, im- mutable. Ability, «. I. Power (to execute anything), able- ness, force, potency, niielit, vigor, efficiency, eflS- cacy, strength, energy, skill, skilfulness, dex'terity, addre«;s, adroitness, cleverness, ingenuity, talent, aptitude, aptness, knack, expertness, facility, quickness, readiness. ABOMINABLE 2. Qualification, competency, suflScieiicy. 3. Capability, capableness, faculty, gift, parts, genius, endowment, calibre, forte, turn. See Capacity. Abject, a. Base, vile, mean, low, despicable, contemptible, beggarly, paltry, dirty, squalid, grovelling, pitiful, ignoble, degraded, worthless, poor, servile, slavish, menial, cringing, sneaking, sordid, shabby, scurvy, miserable, wretched, low- minded, base-minded, earth-born, earth-bred. Abjection, «. I. (Rare.) Humbling, humiliation. 2. Abasement. See Abjectness. Abjectness, «. Meanness, servility, vileness, baseness, abasement, abjection, contemptible- ness. See Abject. Abjuration, ». I. Renunciation («/SOluteness, »■ I. Despotism, arbitrariness. See Absolutism. 2. Positiveness, reality, actuality, perfection, ideality, supremeness, etc. See Absolute. AbSOlutlOJlr n. Acquittal, remission, discharge, release, liberation, deliverance, clearance, tor- giveness, pardon, shriving, shrift. See Indul- gence^ Justification. Absolutism, n. Absoluteness, arbitrariness, des- potism, tyranny, autocracy, personal government, Caesarism, the " man on horseback." Absolutory, a. Clearing, acquitting, releasing, pardoning, forgiving, absoivalory. Absolvatory, a. See Absolutory. Absolve, V. a. Acquit, clear, release, liberate, free, discharge, loose, deliver, exculpate, exoner- ate, excuse, lorgive, pardon, shrive, set free. See Justify. Absorb, v. a. I. Imbibe, take in, take up, suck in, suck up, drink in, appropriate, assimilate. 2. Consume, exhaust, destroy, engorge, devour, engulf, swallow up. 3. Engross, engage, immerse, occupy, arrest, fix, rivet. Absorbent, a. Absorbing, imbibing. Absorption, «. I. Absorbing. See Absorb, i and 2. 2. Engrossment, occupation, engagement, im- mersion. Abstain, v. n. Refrain, forbear, desist, deny one's self, hold or keep one's self back, stay one's hand, keep one's self from indulgence Abstemious, a. Abstinent [dy Jmbit), sober, mod- erate, habitually temperate, sparing in diet See Abstinent. Abstemiousness, n. Temperance {as a habit)., abstinence. Abstergent, a. {Med.) Cleansing, purifying, pur- gative, cathartic. Abstinence, «. I. Abstaining, refraining, keeping aloof, avoidance. 2. Abstemiousness, soberness, temperance, mod- eranon, non-indulgence, self-restraint, self-denial. Abstinent, a. _ I. Abstaining, fas'ing. 2. Abstemious, sober, temperate, self-restrain- ing, self-denying, not indulgent of appetites. Abstract, v. a. I. Separate, disunite, disjoin, dis- sociate, isolate, detach, disengage, take out of context, take out of its proper whole, view par- tially, view one-sidedly, regard without refer- eiice to relations, consider in bare thought, think without the definiteness of sense-perception, think vaguely. 2. Take, seize, appropriate, steal, purloin. 3. Abridge, abbreviate, epitomize, make an ab-^ stract of, outline, make synopsis of. Abstract, a. I. Separate, isolated, not concrete, out of context, unrelated, simple, by itself, /^rj^. 2. Occult, recondite, subtile, refined, abstract- ed, vague. See Abstruse. Abstract, «- Abridgment, epitome, summary, con- spectus, compend, compendium, synopsis, syl- labus, outline, digest, brief, breviary, sum and substance, concise statement, gist, drift, general contents. Ab.Stracted, a. I, Subtile, refined, abstract, ab- struse. 2. Inattentive, preoccupied, lost, dreaming. musing, absent, absent-minded, in a revery, in a brown study. Abstraction, «. I. Separation, disconnection, dis- junction, isolation, partial view, consideration without completeness, severing from context, ig- noring of relations, blindness to the proper whole. 2. Preoccupation, inattention, revery, musing, muse, absence, absence of mind, brown study. 3. Taking, abduction, seizure, appropriation, stealing, purloining, pilfering. Abstruse, a. Recondite, remote, occult, profound, hidden, transcendental, obscure, difficult, dark, vague, indefinite, enigmatical, mysterious, mystic, mystical, high, abstract, abstracted, subtile, re- fined, attenuated, rarified. Absurd, a. Unreasonable, irrational, foolish, non- sensical, ridiculous, incongruous, senseless, un- wise, silly, stupid, preposterous, ill-judged, ill- advised, contrary to reason, contrary to the dictates of common sense, self-contradictory, self-annulling, nugatory, self-cancelling. Absurdity, «. I. Unreasonableness, irrationality, foolishness, folly, foolery, extravagance, absurd- ness, nugacity, fatuity, idiocy, drivelling. 2. Absurd thing, drivel, hysteronproteron. See Paradox, Mare's Nest, Cart before the Horse. Absurdness, «. See Absurdity. Absurd story. Cock-and-bull story, fiddle-faddle, neither rhyme nor reason, old wives' tale, pure drivel. Abundance, «. Flow, flood, overflow, exuberance, luxuriance, fertility, copiousness, profusion, rich- ness, largeness, ampleness, wealth, affluence, store, more than enough, plenty, plenteousness. Abundant, a. Abounding, flowing, overflowing, f)lentiful, plenteous, copious, much, exuberant, uxuriant, replete, full, large, ample, good, liberal, bountiful, lavish, rich, teeming, thick. Abuse, V. a. I. Misuse, misemploy, misapply, pervert, prostitute, desecrate, dishonor, protane, pollute, make an ill use of^ deceive, impose on, betray, cajole, seduce by cajolery. 2. Maltreat, harm, injure, hurt, ill-treat, ill-use. 3. Revile, reproach, vilify, slander, traduce, defame, asperse, inveigh against, carp at, malign, blacken, disparage, berate, rate, betongue, up- braid, calumniate, lampoon, satirize, lash, pas- quinade, rail at, sneer at, speak ill of, calumniate, treat with contumely, pour contumely on. See Vituperate. 4. Violate, outrage, ravish, deflour. Abuse, n. I. Misapplication, misuse, misemploy- ment, dishonor, dishonoring, profanation, prosti- tution, desecration, pollution, perversion, ill-use. 2. Maltreatment, outrage, ill-treatment, bad treatment. 3. Corrupt practice, malfeasance, malversation. 4. Vituperation, railing, reviling, vilification, defamation, aspersion, dis^paragement, rating, up- braiding, contumely, obloquy, opprobrium, insult, scurrility, ribaldry, foul invective, rude reproach, billingsgate. Abusive, a. Reproachful, opprobrious, scurrilous, ribald, contumelious, vituperative, condemnatory, damnatory, invective, carping, calumnious, de- nunciatory, injurious, offensive, reviling, insult- ing, insolent. Abut against. I Meet {end to end or side to side), Abut upon. I be contiguous, adjoin, be adja- cent to, terminate at or upon, be conterminous with, be juxtaposed. Abutment, n. l. Abutting, being contiguous or adjacent, adjoining, adjacency, contiguity, juxta- position. 2. Shore-pier, end-pier, terminal pier, terminal support. ABUTTAL ACCOMPLISH Atmttalt ft. I, Adjacency, "contiguity, nearness, juxtaposition, being next, boundary, terminus, limit, termination. 2. Terminal land, adjacent ground, contiguous estate, next holding, adjoining property. Abyss, «. I. Gulf, gorge, great depth, deep pit, abysm, depth, deep, chasm, profound. 2. Hell, limbo, purgatory, the pit, bottomless pit, the nadir, gehenna, fire unquenchable, the lake that burneih forever. Academic, [ a. I. Scholastic, literary, lettered, Academlcalt i collegiate, of the college, of the university. 2. Platonic, of Plato, platonistic. Academy, «• School, seminary, institute, gym- nasium, high school, college, scientific body, asso- ciation of artists, litterateurs, or savants. Acarpous, a. {Bot.) Unfruitful, sterile, barren, fruitless, unproductive. Accede, v. « I. Consent, agree, assent, acquiesce, comply, yield assent, give assent, 2. Succeed (as heir), come to inherit, ascend the throne. 3. Be joined, be added, unite itself. Accelerate, v. a. Hasten, expedite, hurry, quick- en, speed, precipitate, despatch, urge forward, push forward, push on, press on, urge on. Acceleration, «. Hastening, increase of velocity. See preceding verb. Accent, «• I. Intonation, cadence, tone, modu- lation of voice. 2. Stress (on a certain syllable), ictus, cadence, tone, beat. Accent, v. a. Accentuate, lay stress upon, pro- nounce with accent, put the ictus on. Accents, n. pi. Language, words, tones, expres- sions, utterances, mode of speech. Accentuate, v. a. I. Mark with accent, put the mark of accent upon. 2. Accent, lay stress upon, pronounce with ac- cent, put the ictus on. Accept, V. a. I. Take (what is offered). See Receive. _ 2. Admit, assent to, agree to, accede to, ac- quiesce in, accommodate one's self to, approve, acknowledge, avow. 3. Estimate, regard, value, interpret, construe, put a sense upon. Acceptable, a. Welcome, pleasing, pleasant, agree- able, grateful, gratifying. Acceptance, «. I. Accepting, taking, reception, receipt, acknowledgment. 2. Favorable reception, approbation, approval, gratification, satisfaction, pleasure. 3. (Com.) Accepted bill (of exchange). Acceptation, «. I. Meaning, signification, signifi- cance, sense, import, interpretation, construction, mode of explanation, understanding. 2. Approval, adoption, cordial reception, favor- able regard. Access, n. I. Avenue, approach, passage, way, passage-way, way of approach, entrance, entrance- way, adit, entry. 2. Admission, admittance, means of approach, liberty to approach, audience, interview, entrance. 3. Accession, addition^ increase, aggrandize- ment, enlargement, gain, mcrement, more. 4. Attack (of disease, etc.), onset, fit, parox- ysm, recurrence. Accessary, a. Accessory, assisting, aiding, abet- ting, helping, subsidiary, ancillary, auxiliary, ad- ditional, additive, supplemental, supplementary, subordinate, of detail, of minor importance, con- cerning minutiae. Accessary, «. I. Confederate, accomplice, abettor, accessory, assistant, helper, coadjutor, associate (in a crime) , particeps criminis, socius criminis. 2, Accessory, detail, minor particular, minor part, subordinate element, subsidiary, accompani- ment, attendant, concomiunt, supporting mem- ber, minutia. Accession, «. I. Addition, increase, enlargement, augmentation, extension. 2. Coming into power (as a new dynasty). Accessory, a. Same as Accessary. Accessory, «. I. Confederate. See Accessary. 2. Accompaniment, attendant, concomitant. See Accessary, 2. Accidence, «. Intlection, grammatical variation, variation of stems, application of case-endings a«a? conjugation-endings, inflectional etymology, changes undergone by lingual roots. Accident, «. I. Casualty, chance, fortuity, mis- chance, misadventure, calamity, mishap, miscar- riage, misfortune, hap, hazard, contingency, un- foreseen or fortuitous event. See Contretemps. 2. Property, quality, modification, affection, mode, condition, state, change, alteration, attri- bute, contingent attribute, modalization. Accidental, a. I. Casual, fortuitous, contingent, that happens by chance, not designed, not planned, unintended, chance, undesigned, not purposed. 2. Incidental, adventitious, non-essential, im- material, dispensable, not absolutely requisite. de facto but not dejure., that has merely happened to be. AccidentalneSS, «. Accidentality, contingency, fortuity, fortuitousness, etc. See Accidental. Accipitres, «. //. [L.] (Omith.) Raptors, rap- torials, rapacious birds, birds of prey. See Rap- tores. Acclaim, «. {^Poetical.) See Acclamation. Acclamation, «• Applause, plaudit, shouting, cheer, cry, outcry, iclat, acclaim, shout of ap- plause, loud homage, gratulation, salutation, hosanna, te deutn, gloria in excelsis Acclimate, v. a. Acclimatize, inure or habituate to a climate. Acclimation, n. Acclimature, acclimatization, ac- climatation, acclimatement, inurement to climate, adjustment to climate. Acclimatize, v. a. Same as Acclimate. Acclivity, «. Ascent, upward slope, rising ground, steep, hill, height, up-hillway. Accommodate, f. a. I. Oblige, serve, supply, fur- nish, do a service for, supply the wants of, min- ister to the convenience of, make comfortable, contain, hold, furnish room for. 2. Fit, suit, adapt, make conform, make con- formable, make consistent, make correspond. 3. Reconcile, adjust, settle, compose, har- monize. Accommodate with. Furnish, supply, afford, spare, give. Accommodation, «. I. Advantage, privilege, con- venience, supply of wants, provision of conve- niences. See Easement. 2. Agreement, adaptation, fitness, suitableness, conformity. 3. Reconciliation, adjustment, pacification, set- tlement, harmony, harmonization, harmonizing. Accompaniment, «. Appendage, concomitant, at- tendant, adjunct, attachment, appurtenance. Accompany, v. a. Attend, escort, convoy, follow, wait on, be associated with, keep company with, go with, go along with, consort with, go hand in hand with. Accomplice, n. Confederate, accessary, abettor, associate iin a crime). See Particeps Criminis, Socius Criminis. Accomplish, v. a. I. Complete, achieve, effect, execute, perform, do, consummate, compass, carry, carry into effect, carry through, carry out. ACCOMPLISHED ACERBITY get through, bring about, work out, turn out, turn off. 2. Finish, end, conclude, terminate. 3. Fulfil, realize, effectuate, bring to pass. 4. {Rare.) Equip, furnish, supply. Accomplistiea, a. I. Instructed, educated, prac- tised, experienced, finished, consummate, ripe, thorough-bred, versed, qualified, proficient, able, clever, apt, adroit, expert, skilful. 2. Polished, refined, polite, elegant, fashion- able, fine. Accomplislmieilt, n. I. Completion, performance, execution, achievement, consummation, fulfilment. See Accomplish. '2. Acquirement, attainment, proficiency, stock of knowledge, mental resources, embehishment (of mind and manners), ornamental acquisition, ornament, adornment, grace. Accord, V. a. Grant, concede, yield, give, allow, vouchsafe, deign. Accord, V. n. Harmonize, correspotid, agree, tally, quadrate, be in unison, be harmonious, square. Accord, «. Accordance, agreement. See next. Accordance, «. Accord, concord, agreement, con- currence, concordance, conformity, conformation, harmony, unison, unanimity. Accordant, a. Agreeable, agreeing, suitable, in accord (with), consonant, congruous, sympho- niousj harmonious. Accordingly, ad. I. Agreeably, suitably, con- formably. 2. Consequently, therefore, hence, wherefore, whence, thence, then, thus, so, and so, as a natu- ral consequence, as proper to the circumstances or the occasion. According to. By, in accordance with, conform- ably to, agreeably to. Accost, V. a. Come alongside, confront, approach, draw near, address, salute, greet, speak to, make up to. Accouchement, «• [Fr.] Child-bearing, child- bed, child-birth, delivery, confinement, lying-in, parturition, labor, travail, being in the straw. Acconcheur, «. [Fr.] Man-midwife, obstetrician. Accoucheuse, n. [Fr.] Midwife, howdy {or howdie). Account, ». I. Record, regi'^ter, inventory, score. 2. Bill, charge, registry of debt and credit. 3. Reckoning, computation, calculation, enu- meration, tale, count. 4. Description, statement, narration, recital, rehearsal, relation, narrative, chronicle, history, delineation, representation, portrayal, detail, word, tidings, report. 5. Explanation, exposition, clearing up, eluci- dation, exhibition of causes, reference to grounds, exploration into fjrinciples, philosophy. 6. Consideration, regard, motive, reason, ground, sake. 7. Consequence, importance, worth, distinction, dignity, repute, reputation, note. 8. Profit, advantage. See Benefit. Account, V. a. Esteem, regard, deem, judge, be- lieve, take for, think, hold, consider, view, reckon, rate, estimate, look upon. Account, V. n. [With with or to before persons, and_/<7r before things.] I. Render an account, answer in judgment, answer responsibly. 2. Explain, elucidate, expound, trace to causes, give the philosophy of, clear up, exhibit the grounds, give a reason, show the reason, render a reason, assign the cause, make explanation of. Accountability, «. Accountableness, responsi- bility, liability, obligation, bond of duty, the having to answer for, amenability. Accountable, a. Responsible, answerable, amen- able, liable, in duty bound. Accountableness, «. See Accountability. Accountant, n. Book-keeper, expert in accounts. Accoutre, v. a. [Written also Accouter.1 Dress, equip, furnish, fit out, arm and equip, array in mail, array in military harness, harness, array for the field, equip for the fight. Accoutrements, «.//. [Written also Accouter- ments.'\ Dress, equipage, equipments, trap- pings, gear, harness, array. Accredit, v. a- Credit, give trust or confidence to, give credit or honor to, receive as an envoy, receive as commissioned, empowered, or author- ized, authorize, empower, commission, depute, send with credentials. Accretion, «. I. Growth {by accession of parts) ^ accumulation, increase by adhesion. 2. {Med.) Growing together, adhesion. 3. {Law.) Gradual accumulation {of soil^ as at the mouth of a river). Accrue, v. n. Result, proceed, come, arise, issue, follow, flow, ensue, be added, be derived, be gained, be got, come in, accumulate (intrans.). Accumbent, a. Leaning, reclining. Accumulate, v. a. I. Pile, amass, aggregate, collect, collect together, gather up, pile up, heap up, bring together, heap together, scrape together. 2. Store, garner, husband, treasure up, gamer up, lay up, lay by, lay in, set by. See Hoard. Accumulate, v. n. Increase, grow, be accumu- lated, be heaped up, accrue. Accumulation, «■ Collection, pile, heap, aggre- gation, mass, accretion, amount accrued, store, hoard, hoarding. Accuracy, «• Accurateness, exactness, exactitude, correctness, precision, niceness, nicety, truth, ac- curateness, fidelity, faithfulness, carefulness, cor- rectness, closeness, strictness. Accurate, a. Exact, correct, precise, true, truth- ful, faithful, strict, close, rigorous, severe, just, nice, unerring. Accurateness, «. See Accuracy. Accursed, a. I. Cursed, unsanctified, unholy, diabolic, devilish, hellish, infernal, doomed, damned. 2. Detestable, execrable, hateful, abominable, odious, horrid, horrible, damnable, revolting. See Abominable. Accusation, n. Crimination, impeachment, ar- raignment, indictment, charge. See Accuse. Accuse, v- a. Charge, impeach, arraign, indict, criminate, incriminate, inculpate, tax, inform against, call to account, take to task, blame, censure. Accuser, «. Informer, informant, plaintiflf, com- plainant, prosecutor. Accustom, V. a. Habituate, inure, use, harden, familiarize, train, discipline, drill, break in. See Addict. Accustomed, a. Usual, habitual, wonted, habitu- ated, customary, familiar, common, frequent, reg- ular, ordinary^, every-day. Ace, n. I. Single point (in cards or in dice), sin- gle pip, single spot, one-spot, head of suit- 2. Particle, item, atom, jot, iota, bit, tittle, whit, grain, scrap, mite, corpuscle, scintilla, trifle, fig. Acephalous, a. Headless, without organization, disnrganized,_ confused, anarchical, disorderly, lumbering, aimless, shapeless, amorphous Acerbity, n. I. Sourness, astringency, roughness, acidity, acidness, tartness, acridity, acridness, bitterness. 2. Acrimony, acrimoniousness, severity, harsh- ness, sternness, asperity, bitterness, venom, ran- cor, crabbedness, churlishness, moroseness, sul- lenness, ill-temper. ACETIC ACID ACT Acetic acid. See Vinegar. Ache, n. Aching, dull pain, continued pain, pain, anguish, agony. Ache, V. n. I. Be in pain, feel or suffer pain. 2. Be painful, give pain, be anguished, sorrow, grieve, suffer. Aulieve, v. «. I. Accomplish, perform, execute, do, complete, finish, compass, consummate, eflfect, realize, bring about, bring to pass, carry through, carry out, work out, bring to a close, bring -to conclusion, bring to consummation or perfection, actualize. 2. Obtain, acquire, procure, gain, win, get. Achievement, «. I. Performance, accomplish- ment, completion, attainment, realization, con- summation. 2. Exploit, feat, deed, work. 3. Escutcheon, shield, ensign armorial. Aching, «. Pain, ache, continued pain. Achromatic, a. Colorless, uncolored, untinged, hueless, free from color, perfectly transparent. Achromatism, n. Absence of color, want of color, freedom from color, perfect transparency, freedom from iridescence. Achromatize, v. a. Deprive of color, render non- iridescent, make perfectly transparent, render purely translucent. Acicular, a. {Bot.) Aciculate, aciform, needle- shaped. Aciculate, <7. ^Bot) See Aocular. Acid, a. Sour, tart, sharp, pricking, stinging, pungent. Acidity, «. Acidness, sourness, tartness, sharpness. Acidness, «. See Acidity. Acidulous, a. Sourish, somewhat acid, slightly acid, sub-acid, somewhat sour. Aciform, a. {Bat) See Acicular. Acinaciform, a. {Boi.) Cimeter-shaped. Acknowledge, v. a. I. Recognize, take cogni- zance of, be aware of, hold in remembrance. 2. Admit, grant, concede, allow, accept, indorse, subscribe to, agree to. 3. Confess, own, avow, profess. 4. Express gratitude for, give thanks for. 5. Own or admit the validity of. Acknowledgment, n. I. Recognition, recogni- zance. 2. Admission, avowal, concession, allowance, acceptance, indorsement. 3. Expression of thanks <7r gratitude. Acme, « Summit, top, apex, vertex, zenith, peak, pinnacle, utmost height, highest point, cul- mination, culminating point, climax. Acolyte, «. Follower, attendant, under-clergy- man, satellite, henchman, retainer, acolythe, acolyth. See Adherent. Aconite, «. Wolfsbane, monks-hood. Acquaint, v. a. I, Familiarize, make familiar. 2. Inform, apprise, tell, notify, make aware, make known to, mention to, communicate to, signify to, give notice to, send word to, write word to, advise of, advertise of, send advices to. Acquaintance, ». I. Familiarity, familiar knowl- edge. 2. Friend {with whom, one is not intimate), circle known, visiting circle, round of one's social intercourse, person or persons knowm. Acquainted with. I. Familiar with, versed in, aufait in. 2. A friend of {without being intimate with), in social relations with, knowing personally. Acquiesce, v. n. I. Yield, comply, submit, bow, rest, resign one's self, be reconciled, be resigned, be satisfied, rest satisfied, repose, rest content. 2. Assent, consent, agree, accede, concur, jield assent, give consent, fall in, go with the stream, go with the current Acquiescence, «. I. Compliance, submission, resignation, satisfaction, contentment. 2. Assent, consent, agreement, concurrence. Acquiescent, a. Complying, yielding, submitting, etc._ See Acquiesce. Acquire, v. a. I. Gain, obtain, achieve, attain, procure, earn, win, get, secure, have, make, get possession of, get into one's hands. See Pur- chase. 2. Master, learn thoroughly, make one's self master of. Acquirement, «. I. Acquiring, gathering, gain- ing, mastery. 2. Accomplishment, attainment, acquisition, stock of knowledge, mental resources. Acquisition, n. See Acquirement. Acquisitive, a. Acquiring, disposed to acquire, eager for gain. Acquisitiveness, «. Love of acquiring, desire to acquire, eagerness for gain. Acquit, V. a. Discharge (Jrotn an accusation), clear, release, absolve, exonerate, exculpate, ex- cuse, pardon, forgive, quit, set free. Acquit one's self. Act, behave, conduct one's self, bear one's self, demean one's self. Acquittal, «. Discharge, release, deliverance, liberation, exoneration, exculpation, clearance, absolution, acquittance. Acquittance, «. I. Discharge. See Acquittal. 2. Receipt, receipt in full, quittance. Acrid, a. I. Sharp, biting, pungent, hot, burn- ing, poignant, caustic, corrosive, bitter. 2. Severe, harsh. See Acrimonious. Acridity, n. See Acridness. Acridness, ». I. Acridity, sharpness, pungency, poignancy. 2. Severity, harshness, hardness. See Acri- mony, 2. Acrimonious, a. I. {Bare.) Corrosive, caustic, sharp. 2. Severe, harsh, hard, acrid, sarcastic, bitter, virulent, malignant, censorious, crabbed, snarling, snappish, testy, pettish, petulant, cross, sour, tart, splenetic, peevish, ill-tempered, ill-natured, rancorous, spiteful, envenomed, galling, grinding, biting, mordacious. Acrimony, «. I. Sharpness, corrosiveness, caus- ticity. 2. Severity, harshness, hardness, sourness, tartness, acridity, acridness, asperity, virulence, bitterness, acerbity, rancor, venom, crabbedness, moroseness, churlishness, ill-temper, spite, spite- fulness, abusiveness A a. Esoteric, esoterical, secret, AcroamatiC, I private, abstruse, deep, pro- Acroamatical, V found, difHcult, interior, ob- Acroatic, scure, arcane, adytal, for the J initiate. Acrobat, «. Rope-dancer, funambulist, high- vauller, lofty-tumbler, flying-trapezist, aerial ath- lete, equilibrist, aerosaltant. Acrospire, n. Shoot, sprout, plumule. Across, /re/, and ad. Athwart, over, from one side of to the other, thwart, transversely. Act, V. n. I. Work, move, carry anything into effect, execute a purpose, be in action, be active, be in process, keep going, energize. 2. Behave, conduct one's self, demean one's self, acquit one's self, deport one's self. 3. Operate, have influence, be efficient, be effi- cacious, work, have effect, be operative. 4. Play a part, play, feign, dissimulate, pre- tend, make believe, dissemble. 5. Play parts, represent characters, make im- personations. Act, V. a. I. Do, perform, execute, carry into execution. ACT 8 ADDITIONAL 2. Personate, impersonate, represent, play, simulate, enact, play the part of, take the part of. 3. Be, realize, actualize, do the duties of, dis- play the qualities of,have the essential character of. Act, »• 1. H^^d. {viewed as a single exertion of power), performance, proceeding, exploit, feat, achievement, turn. See Action, 2. 2. Statute, enactment, ordinance, edict, decree, law, bill. 3. Fact, reality, actuality, real existence. 4. Stage in the action (m a rfrawja). Acting, «. I. Deed, performance, action. 2. Personation, representation, simulation. ActtaoUte, n. Strahlstein, ray-stone. Action, n. I. Activity, spontaneous process, exercise, motion, movement, play. 2. Deed {viewed as requiring a continued exertion of power), performance, feat, exploit, achievement, procedure, proceeding, acting, turn. 3. Agency, operation, force, energy, influence, instrumentality, process. 4. Battle, engagement, conflict, contest, com- bat, rencontre, encounter, skirmish, brush, affair. 5. Gesticulation, gesture. 6. Acting, performing, performance, enacting, representing, representation, putting on the boards, playing. 7. Subject, fable, plot, series of events. 8. {Law.) Suit, lawsuit, process, case, prose- cution. Active, a. I. Operative, operant, influential, efficient, effective, effectual, efficacious, living, vigorous, in action, in operation, in actual pro- cess, in force, in vitality, valid. 2. Busy, diligent, assiduous, industrious, inde- fatigable, unremitting, laborious, sedulous, not- able, at work, hard at work, diligently employed, busily engaged. 3i Alert, nimble, agile, supple, brisk, dapper, stirring, smart, quick, prompt, ready, lively, sprightly, spirited. See Spry. 4. Enterprising, energetic, strong, efficient, in earnest, vigorous, full of life, animated, ebullient, fervent. 5. Drastic {as medicine), powerful, potent, effective, efficacious. (>. {Gram.) Transitive. Activity, n. I. Action, exercise, mode of action, mode of exercise. 2. Alertness, agility, nimbleness, smartness, briskness, sprightliuess, spryness, etc. See Ac- tive, 3. 3. Intensity, energy, strength, force, power, vigor. 4. Enterprise, efficiency, alert endeavor. Actor, n. I. Doer, operator, agent, participant. 2. Player, performer, comedian, tragedian, stage-player, dramatic artist, histrionic artist. Actual, a. I, Real, veritable, true, substantial, objective, determinate, decided, categorical, posi- tive, absolute, certain, genuine, very, not merely imagined, not imaginary, not merely supposed or fancied, not fictitious, that exists in deed and in truth, de jure as well as de facto, ideal {in Preg- nant sense), really ideal, ideally real, bona fide, thorough, thoroughgoing, in entelechy, entelechic. 2. Present, now existing, now in being, sen- sibly real, sensible, perceptible, de facto, in hard fact, at this moment, here and now, just this present, un-ideal, in act, in actu, in process, ener- gizing, energic, in energy, ev evepyeia. Actua]^, ad. Really, truly, absolutely, positively, verily, indeed, in fact, in reality, as a matter of fact, in truth. See Actual. Actuaty, «. Agent, superintendent, supervisor, overseer, clerk, registrar, computing manager, manager, executive agent. Actuate, v. a. Induce, impel, move, prompt, in- stigate, persuade, incite, act upon, prevail upon, work upon, urge, drive, dispose, incline. Act upon. I. Influence, effect, have influence upon. 2. Induce, actuate. Act Up to. Abide by, conform to, persist in, live up to, practise, carry out in practice, adhere to, be faithful to, fulfil. Acumen, «. Acuteness, shrewdness, sagacity, astuteness, sharpness, ingenuity, perspicacity, discernment, penetration, mother-wit, quick parts. Acuminate, ) a. {Bot.) Sharp, acute, pointed. Acuminated, j cuspidate, cuspidated. Acute, a. I. Sharp, pointed, acuminate, cuspi- date. 2. Keen, shrewd, discerning, knowing, quick, sharp, smart, bright, sage, sagacious, intelligent, astute, ingenious, subtle, penetrating, piercing, clear-sighted, sharp-witted, long-headed. 3. Severe, violent, intense, poignant, distress- ing, fierce, piercing, exquisite, pungent. 4. High, shrill, high-toned. 5. {Med.) Sudden, violent, temporary, lim- ited, not chronic. Acuteness, «. I. Sharpness, pointedness. 2. Acumen, shrewdness, penetration, sagacity, sagaciousness, astuteness, sharpness, brightness, perspicacity, discernment, ingenuity, mother-wit, quick parts. 3. Severity, intensity, poignancy, violence. 4. Highness, shrillness. Adage, «. Proverb, saying, saw, dictum, apho- rism, apothegm, maxim, by-word, sententious precept. Adamant, «. Diamond, crystallized carbon, in- frangible mineral, indestructible stone, eternal rock. Adamantean, a. Adamantine, hard as adamant, very hard, infrangible, indestructible, imperish- able. Adamantine, a. I. Made of adamant. 2. Adamantean, very hard, hard as adamant. Adam'S-needle, «. Yucca, bear-grass, Spanish bayonet. Adapt, V. a. Adjust, accommodate, suit, propor- tion, qualify, prepare, fit, temper, fashion, match, make, conform, make conformable or suitable. Adaptability, «. Adaptableness, suitableness. See Adaptation. Adaptation, «. I. Fitness, suitableness, appro- priateness, aptness, adaptability, conformable- ness, conformability, accommodation, harmony. 2. Fitting, process or act of fitting, adjustment, accommodation, suiting, etc. See Adapt. Add, V. a. I. Join, subjoin, annex, affix, adject, adjoin, append, superadd, tag, tack on, connect, say further. 2. Sum, sum up, cast up, add together, aggre- gate, reckon up, count up, foot up. Addendum, «. Addition, appendix, appendage, adjunct, appurtenance, attachment Addict, V. a. Accustom {commonly in a bad sense), habituate, dedicate, devote, apply {habit- ually), give, give up. Addiction, «. {Rare.) Addictedness, habit, ha- bituation, absorption, absorbedness, surrender, devotion, devotedness. enslavement, immersion. Addition, n. I. Adding, joining, etc. See Add. 2. Accession, increase, augmentation, enlarge- ment, extension. See Add to. 3. Appendage, adjunct, appendix. See Ad- dendum. Additional, a. Superadded, adscititious, supple- I mental, supplementary, extra, more. ADDITIVE ADJUTANT Additive, a. To be added. See Add, i. Addle, a- I. Addled, spoiled {as eggs), rotten, putrid, corrupt. 2. Barren, unfruitful, fruitless, abortive, un- productive, unproliiic, unfertile, sterile, infecund, addled. Addle, V. a. I. Corrupt, spoil, render barren. See preceding. 2. Accumulate gradually, earn, lay up, save. Addled, a. See Addle. Addle-head, «. Simpleton, noodle. See Dunce. Addle-headed, a. Foolish, stupid, dull, muddied, doltish, brainless, shallow, sof , sappy, witless, blockish, weak-headed, muddle-headed, weak- minded, feeble-minded, half-witted, short-witted, shallow-brained, dull-witted, tliick-skuUed, addle- pated. Addle-pated, a. See Addle-hhadhd. Address, v. a. Direct {words, etc.), accost, speak to, apply to, invoke, court, pay court to, make suit to, direct (« letter, etc. ), indite, consign. Address, n. I. Appeal, invocation,^ petition, entreaty, request, imploration, application, soaci- tation, suit. 2. Discourse, speech, oration, harangue. 3. Skill, art, adroitness, readiness, dexterity, expertness, cleverness, ingenuity, ability, tact, management. 4. Superscription, direction. 5. Manner {in speaking to another). 6. Place by the post or mail, post-office, place for receiving correspondence. Addresses, «. //. Courtship, suit. Address one's self to. Direct one's speech <7r dis- course to, speak to^ apply to, give attention to, turn attention to, direct efforts to or upon, set to work upon, endeavor to, set about, go at. Add to. Increase, augment, enlarge, greaten, make greater, aggrandize. Adduce, v. a. I. Advance, offer, present, allege, assign, give, bring forward. 2. Name, mention, cite, quote, introduce. Adept, n. Master, proficient, expert, genius, vet- eran, old hand, practised hand, good hand, mas- ter hand, capital hand, nice hand, doctor, dab, dabster. Adept, a. Skilled, versed, experienced, practised, proficient, good, at home, dab, aufait. Adequacy, «. Adequateness, sufficiency, suffi- cingness, completeness, competence, competency, enough. Adequate, a. Sufficient, sufficing, enough, com- mensurate, proportionate, correspondent, equal, suitable, fit, competent, adapted. Adequateness, n. See Adequacy. Adhere, v. «. I. Stick, cling, cleave, hold, cohere, take hold, be firmly fixed. 2. Belong, pertain, appertain, be appurtenant, be intimately related. 3. Be faithful, be devoted, be attached, stand by, be true. Adherence, «. I. Tenacity, fixedness. 2. Attachment, constancy, fidelity, devotion, adhesion. Adherent, a. Adhering, sticking, clinging. Adherent, «. Follower, partisan, disciple, sectary, votary, supporter, dependant, vassal, retainer, henchman, satellite, acolyte, acolythe, acolytli. Adhesion, n. I. Adhering, sticking, clinging, tendency to adhere. 2. Attachment. See Adherence. Adhesive, a. I. Sticking, clinging, tending to adhere. 2. Sticky, tenacious, viscid, viscous, glutinous, gummy. Adieu, ad. Farewell, good-by, fare-you-well, God bless you. Adieu, n. Farewell, valediction, leave-taking, parting, good-by. Adipose, a. Fat, fatty, unctuous, oily, sebaceous, greasy. Adjacence, ) ». Nearness, vicinity, juxtaposition, Adjacency, ) neighborhood, proximity, contiguity. Adjacent, a. Adjoining, conterminous, neighbor- ing, near, close, bordering, marching, contiguous, in proximity, in juxtaposition. Adjective, ». ( Technical term of the gramma- rian.) Qualifying word or term, descriptive name, attributive name, attributive, attribute, connotative name, adnoun. See Epithet. Adjoin, V. a. Be contiguous to, lie near to, lie close to, border upon, be adjacent to, march on or with, lie next, be juxtaposed to. Adjoin, V. n. {Rare.) Border together, lie near together, lie close together, be contiguous, be adjacent. Adjourn, v. a. I. Postpone, defer, delay, pro- crastinate, put off. 2. Suspend, interrupt, close, end, prorogue, dissolve. Adjourn, v. n. Suspend or postpone session, take recess, dissolve. Adjournment, n. I. Postponement, delay, put- ting off. 2. Prorogation, etc. See Adjourn, 2. Adjudge, V. a. I. Award {judicially), assign, allot. 2. Determine, settle, decide, decree {by judi' cial authority), adjudicate. Adjudicate, v. a. Determine. See Adjudge. Adjudicate, v. «. Judge, decide, determine, arbi- trate, give judgment, pass judgment, sii in judg- ment. Adjudication, «. I. Act of deciding judicially. See Adjudicate. 2. Sentence, decision, determination, decree, award, arbitrament Adjunct, n. Addition, appendage, appurtenance, dependency, attachment, addendum, something added, modifier, subordinate part, accessary, accessory, minor detaiL Adjuration, «. Entreaty {as if to one bound by oath), solemn charge, act of adjuring, adjuring, solemn appeal, oath- Adjure, V. a. I. Entreat {as if under oath), con- jure, obtest, beseech, pray, supplicate, beg, implore, invoke, enjoin solemnly. 2. Swear by, invoke {by oath), take oath upon. Adjust, V, a. I. Arrange, dispose, rectify, tritn, put or set in order, put or set to rights, put in tune, put in good or proper trim. 2. Regulate, set. 3. Settle, compose, pacify, reconcile, make up. 4. Fit, adapt, suit, proportion, accommodate, measure, make conform, make conformable (fol- lowed by to or with). Adjustment, n. I. _ Arrangement, adjusting, put- ting in order, putting in good trim, setting to rights, disposal. 2. Regulation, setting, putting right, state of regulation, good order, accurate arrangement. 3. Settlement, reconciliation, pacification, agreement, understanding, mutual understand- ing. 4. Fitting, adapting, accommodation, making suitable or conformable, conformity, suitedness. Adjutant, n. I. {Rare.) Assistant, helper, aid, adjurant. 2. {Mil.) Order-aide, subordinate in charge of orders, subordinate through whom orders are issued and reports received. 3. Adjutant-bird {Ciconia argala, Leptoptilus argala). ADMEASUREMENT 10 ADUMBRATE Admeasurementt n. I. Measurement, measuring, measure, dimensions, ascertained dimensions. 2. {Law.) Partition, ascertamment of shares. Admiuisteri v. a. I, Dispense, give, distribute, supply, contribute, deal out, give out, afford, furnish. 2. Direct, manage, conduct, control, superin- tend, preside over. 3. Tender, offer, proffer. Administer, v. n. l. Contribute, conduce, be helpful. [With to.^ 2. {Law.) Act as administrator. [With«/i7«.] Administration, n. I. Dispensation, distribution, giving. 2. Management, conduct, direction, control, superintendence. 3. Executive department {of a g-overnmeni), President (or oiher chief magistrate) and cabinet, the Government, the ministry, the cabinet. 4. {Law.) Management of an estate {of an intestate). Admirable, a. I. {Rare.) Wonderful, surprising, striking, astonishing. 2. Excellent, praiseworthy, astonishingly good, fine, rare, superb, worthy ot admiration. Admiration, ». I. {Rare.) Wonder, surprise, astonishment, amazement. 2. Liking, love, high regard, high opinion. Admire, v. a. I. {Rare.) Wonder at, be sur- prised at, be astonished or amazed at. 2. Esteem great, regard with pleasure, think fine, count brilliant, like much, think highly of, have a high opinion of, prize or value highly. Admire, v. n. {Rare.) Wonder, marvel, be sur- prised or astonished. Admirer, «. Appreciator, one that esteems another great or excellent, one that greatly values, lover, gallant, suitor, sweetheart, beau, cicisbeo. Admissible, a. Permissible, allowable, lawful, proper, justifiable, warrantable, possible, prob- able, quite likely, not unlikely, not impossible. Admission, n. I. Admittance, introduction, access, entrance, initiation, entree _ 2. Allowance, avowal, concession, acknowl- edgment, assent, acceptance. Admit, V. a. I. Receive, grant entrance to, let in, take in, open the door to, give access to. 2. Concede, accept, grant, acknowledge, own, confess, take for granted, agree to, accede to, acquiesce in. 3. Permit, allow, bear, admit of, be capable of. Admit of. Admit, permit, allow, bear, be capable of. Admittance, n. I. Admission, entrance, intro- duction, entree. 2. Access, means of approach, liberty to approach, permission to enter, lodgment, accept- ance, reception, welcome. Admixture, n. I. Mixture, mingling 2. Spice, dash, infusion, sprinkling, touch, seasoning, smack, taste, tincture, tinge, hint, suggestion, flavor, suspicion, soupgon. Admonish, v. a. I. Reprove {gently), censure, warn of a fault, rebuke. 2. Advise, counsel, caution, forewarn, warn, enjoin. 3. Instruct, inform, teach, apprise, acquaint, notify, make acquainted, make aware, remind. Admonition, «. I. Hint of a fault, gentle re- proof, mild censure, slight rebuke, remonstrance. 2. Advice, counsel, caution, warning, moni- tion, instruction, reminder. Admonitory, a. Admonishing, monitory, caution- arv, warnmg, counselling, admonitive. Ado, n. I. Trouble, difficulty, travail, toil, labor, pains. I 2. Bustle, stir, flurry, fuss, hubbub, noise, tu- mult, turmoil, pother, bother, botherment. bother- ation {colloq.), confusion, commotion, excitement, to-do {colloq.). Adolescence, «. Youth, juvenility, minority, juni- ority, nonage, teens, springtime of life, dayspring of life, adolescency, growing, growing time, period of growth, growing up, prime of life, flower of life, bloom of life. Adolescent, a. Youthful, juvenile, young, grow- ing, in the teens, etc. See Adolescence. Adopt, V. a. I. Appropriate, take to one's self, take or select as one's own, assume. 2. Approve, accept, avow, espouse, support, maintain. 3. Affiliate, father, take as one's own child, treat as one's own child. Adoption, n. I. Appropriation. 2. Approval, acceptance, avowal, espousal, sup- port, maintenance. 3. Affiliation, adopting, fathering. Adorable, a. I. Divine, to be adored, worthy of adoration, deserving of worship, to be worshipped, worshipable, demanding divine honors. 2. Estimable, venerable, worthy of love or honor, admirable, worthy of the utmost love, supremely good. Adoration, «. I. Worship, devotion, act of ador- ing, adoring. 2. Homage, reverence, veneration, exalted re- gard, idolizing, idolatry, being enamoured, in- cense. Adore, v. a. I. Worship. 2. Revere, venerate, idolize, honor, pay hom- age to. Adorer, «. I. Worshipper. 2. Idolater, great admirer. Adorn, v. a. Embellish , decorate, enrich, beautify, ornament, deck, bedeck, emblazon, set, beset, set round, stick, bestick, stud, bestud, gild, trim, be- trim, grace, crown, garnish, array, set out, set off, varnish, bedizen, trick out, dress out, dress up, dress. Adroit, a. Dexterous, expert, skilful, apt, handy, ready, quick, clever, able, masterly. See Adept. Adscititiovs, a. Supplemental, supplementary, superadded, adventitious, superfluous, redundant, alien, artificial, spurious, smuggled. See Addi- tional, ACCES.'^ARY. Adulation, «. Flattery, cajolery, honeyed words, flummery, excessive praise, extravagant compli- ment, fulsome praise, over-laudation, bland.sh- ment, blandiloquence, fawning, sycophancy, in- cense. Adulatory, a. Flattering, smooth, oily, full of compliments, servile in compliment, fawning, cringing, obsequious, unctuous, sycophantic, syc- ophantish, parasitic, blandishing, cajoling. Adult, a. Mature, grown up, full grown, of age, of mature age, ripe, ripened. Adult, n. Person of mature age, grown-up per- son. Adulterate, v. a. Debase, corrupt, contaminate, vitiate, deteriorate, make impure, sophisticate, alloy, dash with, mix or mingle with. Adulteration, n. Debasement, corruption, deteri- oration, sophistication, etc. See Adulterate. Adulterous, a. Guilty of adultery, committing adultery, advouteous, impure, debased, illicit, spurious, corrupt, unchaste, rakish, dissolute. Adultery, «. Violation of the marriage-bed, infi- delity, breaking of the marriage-vows, advoutry, criminal conversation, crim. con. Adumbrate, v. a. I. Shadow, foreshadow, shadow out, shadow forth, dimly outline, indicate, hint at, approximate, represent approximately, suggest, trace vaguely, faintly delineate. ADUMBRATION 11 ADVISE 2. T3rpify, represent, symbolize, show, denote, stand for, image, figure, prefigure, allegorize, image forth, be a parable of. 3. Darken, bedarken, dim, bedim, obscure, hide, conceal, overcast, overshadow, enshade, en- shadow, disiilumine, obumbrate, becloud, send into partial eclipse, send into a penumbral light. AdtunbratiOIl, n. I. Shadowing forth, faint sketch, faint representation, indistinct image, shadowy outline, dim approximation. 2. Type, image, shadow, symbol, premonition, dark prophecy, foreshadowing, prefiguring, pres- age, prototype, mystery AduncotlS, a. Crooked, hooked, bent, curved. Adustt a. Burned, scorched, fiery, parched, dried up, shrivelled, brown, bronzed. Advance, v. a. I. Push, send, or set forward or onward, propel, bring forward, move toward the front. 2. Promote, aggrandize, exalt, elevate, dignify, raise to preferment, raise to higher rank. 3. Forward, further, promote, improve, strengthen, benefit, make better, encourage the progress of. 4. Allege, adduce, propose, offer, assign, pro- pound, bring forward, lay down. 5. Pay beforehand, supply beforehand, furnish on credit, lend, loan. 6. Increase (as price), enhance, augment, raise, make greater, make higher. Advance, v. n. I. Proceed, progress, make pro- gress, make way, get forward, go forward, get on, go on, get along, come on, gain ground, rise. 2. Improve, grow, thrive, prosper, make im- provement. Advance, «. I. Progress, progression, proced- ure, movement to the front, march, way, moving forward. 2. Improvement, growth, advancement, rise, enhancement, progress, promotion, preferment. 3. Payment beforehand, anticipated payment, loan. 4. Tender, offer, proposal, proposition, proffer, overture, addresses. 5. Increase (of price), enhancement, rise, ap- preciation. Advance-guard, n. Vanguard, van. Advancement, «. I. Progress, progression, pro- ficiency. 2. Promotion, preferment, elevation, further- ance, exaltation, aggrandizement. 3. Improvement, advance, growth. See Ad- vance. Advantage, ». I. Favorable opportunity, vantage- ground, superior situation or condition, best es- tate, best plight. 2. Superiority, ascendency, pre-eminence, upper-hand. 3. Benefit, avail, profit, gain, emolument, re- turn, utility, expediency, good, weal, service, blessing. 4. Behalf, behoof, account, interest. 5. Privilege, prerogative, convenience, accom- modation. See Easement. Advantage, v. a. Benefit, profit, serve, help, avail, advance the interest of, be of advantage to, be of service to. Advanta§;eous, a. Beneficial, profitable, helpful, useful, convenient, serviceable, salutary, favor- able, expedient, good, well, gainful, opportune, for one's advantage, for one's interest, for one's good. Advent, n. I. Arrival, coming, approach, visita- tion, appearing, accession. 2. Coming of Christ, the appearing of the Lord. Adventitious, a. Accidental, incidental, extrinsic, extraneous, foreign, non-essential. See Adsci- TITIOUS. Adventure, «. I. Chance, hazard, fortuity, con- tingency, risk, venture, stake, experiment, trial. 2. Hazardous enterprise, bold undertaking. 3. Event, incident, occurrence, transaction, pas- sage, crisis, contingency. 4. {Com.) Speculation. Adventure, v. a. Hazard, venture, risk, peril, imperil, put to hazard, put at risk, put in danger, expose to peril or risk. Adventure, v. n. Dare, venture, take the risk, run the risk, incur the hazard. Adventurous, a. I. Bold, daring, courageous, venturesome, adventuresome, adventureful, ven- turous, chivalrous, doughty, enterprising. 2. Rash, reckless, precipitate, headlong, fool- hardy, full of hazard 3. Hazardous, dangerous, exposed to danger, perilous, full of peril, uncertain, full of risk. Adversaria, «. pi. Notes, memoranda, remarks, note-book, journal, commonplace-book, index rerutn, diary. Adversary, «. I. Enemy^ foe, antagonist, oppo- nent, opposer, counter-litigant, adverse party. 2. [With The prefixed.] Satan, Apollyon, the Tempter, the Evil One, the Devil, the Deuce, the Fiend, the Foul Fiend, the Old Serpent, the Prince of Darkness, Beelzebub. See Devil. Adverse, a. I. Contrary, opposing, counteracting, conflicting, head {as head wind). 2. Hostile, inimical, antagonistic, unpropitious, unfavorable, injurious, harmful. 3. Unprosperous, untoward, unlucky, unfor- tunate, calamitous, disastrous. Adversity, «. Misfortune, calamity, affliction, trouble, suffering, woe, disaster, distress, misery, ill-luck, bad luck, broken fortunes, hard life» frowns of fortune, reverses of fortune, hard times, ill-fate, ills of life, a sea of troubles. Advertence, } n. Attention, heed, regard, obser- Advertency, I vance, observation, notice, con- sideration, heedfulness, mindfulness. Advertise, v. a. I. Announce, publish, declare, promulgate, trumpet, proclaim, make known, spread abroad, noise abroad, give notice of, lay before the public, bring to the notice of the pub- lic, make proclamation ot 2. Offer for sale. 3. Apprise, inform, give notice to, notify. Advertisement, n. Announcement, notification, information, notice, proclamation, promulgation, trumpeting. Advert to. I. Observe, remark, regard, heed, consider, notice, mark, view, give heed to, take notice or, pay attention to, attend to, look to, see to, give heed to, have an eye to, give a thought to. look after. 2. Refer to, allude to, mention, touch upon. Advice, «. I. ^ Counsel, suggestion, instruction, recommendation, admonition, warning, caution, exhortation, earnest persuasion. 2. Intelligence, information, notice, notifica- tion, tidings, word. 3. Deliberation, care, counsel, aforethought, forethought, considerate purpose. Advisability, «. Expediency, advisableness, pro- priety, judiciousness, prudence, desirability, de- sirableness Advisable, a. Expedient, proper, fit, prudent, desirable, fit to be advised, judicious, advanta- geous. Advise, z'. «. I. Counsel, admonish, suggest, re- commend to, give counsel to, give advice to. 2. Inform, acquaint, apprise, notify, make known to, give notice to, send word to, write word to. Advise, V. «. Confer, consult, deliberate, take counsel, hold a conference. ADVISEDLY 12 AFFIRMATIVE Advisedly, ad. Deliberately, heedfully, purposely, by design, with consideration. See Advice, 3. Advisement, n. Consultation, deliberation, con- sideration. Adviser, «. Counsellor, instructor, guide, di- rector, mentor, monitor. Advocacy, «. Defence, vindication, support, countenance. Advocate, v. a. Defend, support, vindicate, jus- tify, countenance, uphold, maintain, favor, plead in favor of, stand up for, promote, propagate. Advocate, «. I. Counsellor, counsel, barrister. \ lawyer, attorney, solicitor, attorney-at-law, limb of the law. 2. Defender, vindicator, supporter, upholder, maintainer, propagator, promoter, countenancer, favorer, apologist, friend, patron. 3. Intercessor, comforter, paraclete, Holy Spirit, Spirit of Truth. 4. [With The prefixed.] Christ. JEgis, n. I. Shield, buckler. 2. Defence, protection, safeguard, shelter- Aerate, V. a. Aerify, fill with air, infuse air into, permeate with air or gas. Aeration, «. Aerification, permeation with air or gas. Aerial, a. I. Atmospheric. 2. Aeriform, gaseous, vaporous, ethereal, airy, light, empyreal, empyrean. 3. High, lofty, empyreal, empyrean, aery. Aerie, «. I. Nest (^a; bird of prey). 2. Brood {of birds 0/ prey). See Eyrie. Aeriform, a. Gaseous, ethereal, vaporous, airy, aerial, air-like. Aerolite, «. Meteoric stone, meteorite, aerolith. Aeronaut, «. Balloonist, aerial navigator. Aeronautics, «. Aerostation, ballooning, aero- statics. Aerostation, «. Aeronautics, ballooning, aero- statics. .^thetiC, \ a. Tasteful, gratifying to taste, .^thetical, ) beautiful, becoming, fit, appro- priate, in good taste, referring to taste, concern- ing aesthetics, founded on the idea of beauty. JEsl^etics, n. [Sometimes written Esthetics.] Science of the beautiful, philosophy of the fine arts, theory or philosophy of taste. Afar, ad. Far away, far off, a long way off, afar off, wide away, a great way off, at a distance, to or from a distance, remote, remotely. Affability, «• I. Sociability, sociableness. 2. Courtesy, courteousness, complaisance, gra- ciousness, condescension, accessibility, approach- ableness, conversableness, conversability, ease, easiness, civility, politeness, urbanity, comity, amenity, suavity, amiability, good manners, good- breeding, obliging manner. Affable, a. I. Conversible, communicative, free, frank, unreserved, open, accessible, approach- able, familiar, easy, free and easy, sociable, social, cordial. 2. Courteous, complaisant, civil,polite,obliging, urbane, debonair, benign, gracious, mild, conde- scending, well-bred. Affair, «. I. Business, concern, function, duty, office, matter, circumstance, question, subject. 2. Event, occurrence, incident, transaction, proceeding, performance. 3. Battle, engagement, combat, conflict, con- test, encounter, rencontre, collision, skirmish, brush. Affair of honor. Duel. Affairs, n. pi. I. Administration, public busi- ness, matters of state, relations, practical con- cerns, active relations, matters of action. 2. Finances, estate, business, property, pecu- niary relations. Affect, V. a. I. Influence, act upon, work upon, modify, alter, change, transform. 2. Concern, interest, regard, relate to, bear upon. 3. Touch, move, impress, melt, subdue, over- come, pierce. 4. Crave, yearn for, aspire to, aim at, desire, like, be drawn toward, be attracted by, take pleasure in. 5. Assume, adopt, take on, feign, arrogate, put on, make a show of, pretend to. Affectation, «. Pretension, airs, affectedness, mannerism, assumed manners, affected manner, pretence, false pretence, artificiality, unnatural- ness, stiffness, finical air, mincingness, foppery. Affected, a. I. Assumed, feigned, unnatural, artificial, insincere, canting. 2. Assuming, pretending, pretentious, con- ceited, vain, coxcomical, foppish. Affectedness, «. See Affectation. Affecting, a. Moving, touching, pathetic, pite- ous, impressive. Affection^ «. I. Feeling, passion, inclination, propensity, proclivity, disposition, predisposition, bent, bias, turn of mind, cast or frame of mind. 2. Attribute, quality, property, character, char- acteristic, mark, note, accident, modification, mode. 3. Love, heart, attachment, kindness, partial- ity, fondness, liking, tenderness, endearment, re- gard, good-will, devotion, tender passion. 4. {Med.) Disorder, malady, disease Affectionate, a. Loving, fond, attached, devoted, warm, tender, kind, sympathetic, tender-hearted, warm-hearted. Affiance, v. a. Betroth, engage, plight. Affidavit, n. Testimony (in ivritiiig, signed and sworn to before a magistrate, but given •without cross-examination)^ evidence. See Deposition. Affiliate^ v. a. I. Adopt, take or treat as one's own child. 2. Connect, associate, unite, join, annex, graft in or upon, incorporate, bring into close rela- tionj make resemble. Affinity, «. I. Relationship [by marriage), pro- pinquity, connection. See Kin, Consanguinity. 2. Resemblance, Hkeness, relation, correla- tion, analogy, connection, similarity, similitude, parallelism, correspondence, parity, sympathy, attraction. 3. (Chem.) Attraction. Affirm, v. a. I. Declare, aver, assert, maintain, asseverate, avouch, vouch, allege, say, profess, protest, pronounce, predicate, state, depose, tes- tify, bear witness to. 2. Confirm, ratify, approve, establish, indorse. Af fir m, v. n. Make solemn declaration, make asseveration, make averment, pledge one's word. [Distinguished from Swear, make oath, which see.] Affirmable, a. Predicable. Affirmation, n. I. Assertion, declaration, assev- eration, word, averment, protestation, avowal, allegation, saying, statement, pronouncement, an- nouncement, predication, testimony, deposition. 2. Confirmation, ratification, approval, estab- lishment, indorsement. 3. {Law.) Solemn declaration {instead of oath), solemn avowal or averment, legal pledge. Affirmative, a. I. That affirms, assertory, asser- torical, declarative, declaratory, asseverating, avouching. 2. Confirmative, confirmatory, ratifying, ap- proving, establishing, indorsing. 3. {Alg.) Positive, not negative, additive, not subtractive. AFFIX 13 AGAPE Affix, V. a. Join, subjoin^ annex, attach, &sten, connect, set to, unite to the end. Affix, ». Postfix, suffix. Afflatus, n. Inspiration, supernatural influence, theopneusty, beatific vision, ecstasy. Afflict, V. a. Grieve, distress, trouble, try, tor- ment, agonize, plague, pain, hurt, harass, wound, exercise, grind, persecute, smite, make sor- rowful. Afflicting:, a. Grievous, painful, troublous, tor- menting, harassing, harrowing, sorrowful, pite- ous, distressing, calamitous, disastrous, afflictive, sad, unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky, wretched, dire, deplorable, sore, woful, severe, hard, trying, hard to bear. Affliction, «. I. Calamity, adversity, misfortune, disaster, visitation, stroke, ill, reverse, reverse of fortune. 2. Grief, sorrow, distress, woe, depression, tribulation, trial, plague, scourge, trouble, heart- ache, heartbreak, broken heart, heavy heart, bit- terness, misery, wretchedness. Afflictive, d!. Afflicting. See Afflict. Affluence, «. Wealth, riches, opulence, fortune, plenty, abundance, exuberance, affluency, ample store, ample means. Affluent, a. I. Abundant, exuberant, plenteous, bounteous, abounding. 2. Opulent, wealthy, rich, moneyed. Affluent, «. Tributary, feeder, branch, confluent. Afford, V. a. I. Supply, furnish, yield, produce. 2. Confer, impart, grant, bestow, offer, lend, give, communicate, spare 3. Bear {the cost or expense o/)^ endure, support. Affray, «. Brawl (/« a public place) , quarrel , con- flict, personal conflict, struggle, contest, strife, row, fray, tussle, scuffle, set-to, fisticufifs, fracas, scrimmage, encounter, collision, broil, fight, m^Ue, tumult, disturbance, outbreak, riot, imeute, breach of the peace, rumpus {colloq), mill {colloq.), skirmish, rencontre, etc See Affair, 3. Affray, v. a. Affright, frighten, terrify, alarm, strike terror into, dismay. See next. Affright, V. a. Frighten, terrify, alarm, scare, daunt, appall, dismay, shock, confound, dis- hearten, dispirit, fright, intimidate, startle, over- awe, put in fear. Affright, «. Terror, fear, fright, alarm, dismay, consternation, panic. Affront, V. a. I. Insult, abuse, outrage. 2. Offend, displease, irritate, provoke, chafe, fret, vex, annoy, pique, nettle, anger, gall, miff (collog), give offence to, make angry, put to shame, confound, bring to confusion, put out of countenance, shame. 3. Meet, strike upon, strike, come in contact with, smite, smite upon. Affront, n. I. Insult, abuse, contumely, indig- nity, outrage, injury, wrong, ill-treatment, ill-turn. 2. Provocation, offence, vexation, irritation, annoyance. 3. Shame, disgrace, degradation, sense of shame. Affusion, n. Sprinkling, bedewing. Afoot, ad. I. On foot. 2. Preparing, forthcoming, in preparation, in course of preparation, on the carpet, on the tapis, on the anvil. Aforementioned, a. See Aforesaid. Aforesaid, a. Said before, aforementioned, before- mentioned, fore-named, above-mentioned, above- named. Aforethought, a. Premeditated, prepense, delib- erate, considerate, well-considered, with fore- thought, sober, collected, calm, refiective. A fortiori. [L.] With stronger reason, for a still stronger reason, all the more, still more surely, by so much the more. Afraid, a. Fearful, haunted with fear, filled with fear, timid, apprehensive, distrustful, anxious, alarmed. Afresh, ad. Anew, newly, again, over again, de novo. Aft, ad. {Naut.) Abaft, astern, behind, back, rearward, in the rear. After, /rr perfect trim. Appliance, «. I. Application, applying, use, exercise, practice. 2. Tool, instrument, appurtenance, appendage, adjunct. 3. Expedient, means, instrumentality, resource. Appliances, «. // I. Means, expedients, instru- mentalities, resources, steps, measures, ways and means. 2. Appointments, appurtenances, attachments, adjuncts, tools, instruments, appendages, equip- ments. Applicable, a. I. To be applied or fitted or put on, adjustable. 2. Suitable, fit, fitting, befitting, appropriate, adapted, apt, proper, pertinent, relevant, apposite, germane, to the point, to the purpose, bearing on. Applicant, «. Petitioner, solicitor, suitor, candi- date. Application, n I. Applying, putting on. 2. Thing applied (emollient, irritant, stimu- lant, or rubefacient). 3. Appliance, use, exercise, practice. 4. Solicitation, petition, appeal, request, suit. 5. Assiduity, industry, perseverance, persis- tency, intense study, close attention. 6. Reference to practice, use in detail, putting into practice, turning upon particulars, exemplifi- cation. Apply, V. a. I. Lay upon, put or place upon. 2. Appropriate, use, employ, exercise, ply, convert to use, put to use. 3. Execute, carry out, put in practice. 4. Devote, dedicate, addict, direct, engage, turn attentively, bend with diligence. 5. Refer, make pertain, give direction upon. Apply, V. n. I. Hold, hold good or true, fit or hit the case, come into play, be in point, be per- tinent. 2. Make formal request, enroll one's self as a candidate, make suit, become a candidate. Apply to. I. Suit, fit, be adapted to, be suitable to, be applicable to, hold true of, hold of, bear upon, refer to. 2. Solicit, petition, request, appeal to, call upon, make application to, have recourse to Appoint, V. a. I. Fix, determine, prescribe, set, establish. 2. Direct, ordain, enjoin, require, command, decree, order, bid, impose, insist on. 3. Assign, allot, designate, destine. 4. Nominate, name, constitute, create. 5. Furnish, equip, supply. Appointment, «. I. Appointing, designation to office 2. Station, position, office, place. 3. Assignation, agreement {as to time and place of meeting), stipulation, arrangement. See Trvst. 4. Decree, bidding, command, order, ordain- ing, ordainment, ordination, ordinance, direction, precept, mandate, edict, enactment, law, require- ment- APPORTION 25 APT 5. Equipment, equipage, furniture, outfit, accoutrement, appliance. 6. Allowance, salary, pay, stipend, pension. [Proper only in pl.'\ Apporuon, v. a. Allot, distribute, assign, divide, partition, part, measure (fi2d), share, deal, dole, dispense, parcel out, deal out, portion out. Apportionment, «. Distribution, allotment, as- signment, partition, division. Apposite, a. Apt, pertinent, relevant, fit, fitting, befitting, suitable, appropriate, seasonable, ger- mane, apropos, pat \coUoq.), to the purpose, to the point, well applied, well put. Appraisal, «. See Appraisement. Appraise, v. a. Value, estimate, pj-ize, rate, set a value on, fix a price for, estimate the worth of, form an estimate of. Appraisement, «. Appraisal, valuation, estima- tion, estimate, judgment. Appreciate, v. a. I. Estirnate justly, set a just value on, form a correct estimate of, value rightly, perceive the worth of, value, esteem, prize. 2. Estimate, esteem, value, rate. 3. Raise the value of, make of greater value. Appreciate, v. «. Rise in value, be worth more. Appreciation, n. I. Valuation, estimation, ap- praisal, appraisement. 2. Just estimate, correct valuation, esteem, sense of one's worth. 3. Rise in value, rise, increased value or price. Apprehend, v. a. I. Seize, arrest, take, catch, detain, capture, take prisoner. 2. Conceive, imagine, look at, regard, view. 3. See {mentally), perceive, realize, under- stand, take in, appreciate, take the meaning or point of 4. Fear, forebode, have a presentiment of Apprehend, v. n. Think, suppose, imagine, con- ceive, fancy, hold, ween, presume, be of opinion, take it. See Opine. Apprehension, «. I. Seizure, arrest, capture. 2. Understanding, intellect, intelligence, mind, reason. 3. Notice, simple taking in, mere reception, taking the point, getting the meaning, under- standing. 4. Conception, the mind's eye. See Imagi- nation. 5. Knowledge, intellection, discernment, per- ception, sense. 6. Opinion, belief, fancy, supposition, judg- ment, sentiment, idea, notion, view. 7. Fear, distrust, suspicion, anxiety, solicitude, care, concern, misgiving, uneasiness, alarm. Apprehensive, a I. Quick to understand, of quick perceptions. 2. Fearful, afraid, distrustful, suspicious, anxious, uneasy. Apprentice, «. Learner {of a trade\ indentured, bound, or articled assistant Apprentice, v. a. Indenture, bind, article. Apprise, v. a. Inform, acquaint, notify, tell, make acquainted, make aware, give notice, disclose to, make known to, advise, admonish, warn. Approach, v. n. I. Come, draw near, draw nigh, come near, be at hand. 2. [With to.\ Approximate, come nearly up, be nearly equal. Approach, v. a. I. Bring near, carry toward, advance, push forward. 2. Come or draw near or nigh (jto\ go near. 3. Broach {a subject) to, address confidentially, make overtures to. 4. Resemble closely, come very near to, be much like, almost equal. Approach, «. I. Advance, advent, coming, draw- ing near. 2. Approximation, nearing, tendency, conver- gence. 3. [In//.] Wily addresses, insidious overtures. 4. Entrance, way, adit, path. See Access. 5. Access, admittance, admission. Approachable, a. Accessible. Approbate, v. a. See Pkaisb. Approbation, n. I. Approval, praise, commen- dation, good opinion, favorable opinion, liking, 2. Support, concurrence, assent, consent, sanction, ratification, indorsement. Appropriate, v. a. l. Adopt, take to one's self, take as one's own, apply to one's own uses. 2. Assign, apportion, allot, set apart, devote. 3. Apply, use, employ, convert. Appropriate, a. Adapted, fit, fitting, befitting, apt, pat {colloqX suitable, proper, becoming, due, seemly, agreeable, conformable, congruous, ger- mane, convenient, pertinent, apposite, felicitous, applicable, apropos^ to the point, to the purpose. Appropriateness, «. Suitableness, fitness, pro- priety, aptness, appositeness, pertinency, rele- vancy, felicity, applicability. See Pertinence. Appropriation, n. I. Seizure, capture, taking, taking to one's self 2. Application, {to a particular use), assign- ment, devotion, allotment. 3. Sum set apart {/or a specific object). Approval, «. See Appkobation. Approve, v. a. I, Commend, recommend, praise, like, appreciate, value, prize, think well or favor- ably of, think highly of, speak well of, be pleased with, 2. Sanction, confirm, justify, ratify, uphold, sustain, make valid, assent or consent to, concur in, indorse. Approximate, a. I, Proximate, approaching, coming near. [Followed by to^ 2. Nearly correct, nearly accurate or true, in- exact, almost exact. Approximate, v. a. (Rare.) Bring near, cause to approach. Approximate, v. n. Approach, come near, closely resemble, nearly rival. Approximately, ad. Near, nearly, about, not far from. Approximation, n. Approach, gradual conver- gence. Appulse, «. Collision, meeting, impact, shock, jar, impulse, impulsion, appulsion, striking, striking together, coming together. Appulsive, a. Impinging, striking against, collid- ing with, collisive Appurtenance, «. Adjunct, dependency. See Appendage. Appurtenant, a. Belonging, pertaining, apper- taining. A prion. [L.] I. Theoretically, before expe- rience, before trial, from assumed principles. 2. From pure reason, from the nature of the case, independently of all experience, necessarily, absolutely, apodictically, primordially, aborigi- nally, constitutionally. Apropos, a. [Fr.] Opportune, seasonable, timely, fit, suitable, apt, pat {collog.), to the point, to the purpose, just the thing, quite the thing. See Apposite Apropos, ad. I, Opportunely, seasonably, to the purpose, etc. See preceding. 2. By the way, by the bye, speaking of that, that reminds me, while the matter's up, in that connection. Apt, a. I. Apposite, pertinent, suitable, fit, fit- ting, meet, befitting, germane, applicable, appro- priate, felicitous, apropos, to the point, to the purpose. 2. Inclined, liable, prone, disposed. APTITUDE 26 ARDOR 3. Quick, sharp, ready, prompt, expert, dex- terous, able, clever, happy, adroit, handy, skilful. Aptitude, n. I. Turn, disposition, genius, gift, knack, endowment, talent, faculty, capacity, capableness, tendency, inclination, bent, bias, proclivity, proneness, propensity, forte, aptness. 2. Readiness {ai learning), quickness, clever- ness, ability, aptness. Aptness, n. I. Fitness, suitableness, appropriate- ness, appositeness, pertinence, pertinency, pomt, pointedness, felicity, felicitousness, adaptation, applicability. 2. Turn, tendency, inclination. See Apti- tude, I. 3. Quickness, readiness, expertness, skill, facility, knack, adroitness, tact, address, ability, happy faculty. Aqua-fortis, «. [L] Nitric acid {somewhat diluted), spirit of nitre. AQua-regia, n. [L] Nitro-muriatic acid, nitro- chloro-hydric acid. Aquarius, 71. {Asiron.) The Water-bearer. The Waterman. Aquatic, a. On or in the water, water {as water vegetatioti). Aqueous, a. Watery, waterish, moist, wet, humid, damp. Aquiline, a. Hooked, {like an eagle's beak ; ap- plied especially to the nose), bent, curved, curving, hooked. Arab, n. I. Arabian, Saracen, Moor. 2. Street Arab, gamin, hoodlum. Arabesque, a. Moorish, moresque. Arabian, a. Arabic, Arab, Saracenic, Moorish. Arabian, n. Arab, Saracen, Moor. Arabic, a. Arabian, Arab. Arable, a. Tillable, cultivable, cultivatible, fit for tillage, that may be ploughed, fit for the plough, suitable for cultivation. Aramaic, a, Aramean, Aramaean, Chaldaic, Chaldean. Aramaic, n. The Aramaean language, Chaldee, Chaldaic. Arbiter, «. I. Arbitrator, umpire, judge, referee. 2. Determiner, controller, master, lord, ruler, governor, sovereign. Arbitrament, «. I. Determination, decision, settlement, judgment, test, trial, umpirage. 2. (Law.) Award, adjudication, determination, decision, decree. Arbitrariness, «. I. Despotism, absoluteness, absolutism, tyranny, autocracy. 2. Capriciousness, wilfulness, absence of prin- ciple, unreasonableness. Arbitrary, a I. Irresponsible, despotic, auto- cratic, unlimited, unrestrained, uncontrolled, absolute, tyrannical, tyrannous, imperious, dicta- torial, overbearing, peremptory, domineering, bound by no law. 2. Capricious, wilful, whimsical, fanciful, determined by no rule or principle. Arbitrate, v. a. Decide, determine. Arbitrate, v. n. I. Mediate, interpose, intervene. 2. Judge, decide, determine, adjudicate, give judgment, pass judgment. Arbitration, «. I. Mediation, intervention, in- tercession, interposition. 2. Adjudication, arbitrament, umpirage, test, trial, judgment, decision, determination. Arbitrator, «. I. Arbiter, umpire, judge, referee. 2. Arbiter, determiner, controller, ruler, master, sovereign, lord, director, governor. Arbor, n. I. Bower, shady recess, shady retreat 2. Spindle, axis, shaft. Arboreal, a. I. Arboreous, arborescent, arbori- form, dendriform, tree-like, in the form of a tree. 2. Frequenting woods, living among c?r on trees. Arborescence, «. Arborization, branching, rami- fication. Arborescent, a. Arboreal, arboreous, tree-like, dendriform, dendrite, dendritic, arboriform, branching. Arboriculture, «. Tree-culture, cultivation of trees. Arboriform, a. See Arborescent. Arbor- Vitae, «. White cedar {of Canada ; Thuja occidentalis). Arcade, «. Colonnade Arcanum, ». [L. // Arcana'\ Secret, mystery. Arcb, n I. Curved structure. 2. Curve, bend, curving, bending. Arch, V. a. I. Vault, cover with an arch, arch over. 2. Bend (into the form of an arch), curve. Arch, a. I. Chief, principal, consummate, first- rate, of the first class. 2. Roguish, waggish, mirthful, frolicsome, sportive, merry, playful, sly, shrewd, cunning, knowing. Archaeologian, «. Archasologist. Archaeological, a. Antiquarian. Archaeologist, «. Antiquarian, antiquary, archas- ologian. Archaeology, «. Science of antiquities, antiquities. Archaic, a. Old, ancient, obsolete, antiquated, antique, bygone, out of use, out of date, out of fashion, old-fashioned. Archaism, n. Antiquated term or expression, obsolete idiom. Archbishop, «. Primate, metropolitan. Archduchy, «. Archdukedom. Archdukedom, n. Archduchy. Arched, a I. Vaulted, bowed, camerated, con- cave, forniciform, fornicated, fornicate. 2. {Bot.) Fornicate. Arched-ceiling, I rr -, yr .. Arched-roof, P' ^^'^ ^^""• Arch-enemy, n. Arch-fiend, chief enemy, most dreaded foe. Archer, «. Bowman. Archetype, «. Pattern, model, type, prototype, original, exemplar, example, protoplast, mirror, paragon. Arch-fiend, «. [With The prefixed.] Satan. See Apollyon. Arching, a. Vaulted, curving, bending. Architect, «. I. Designer (of buildings). 2. Contriver, maker, former, author. Architecture, n. I. Science or art of building, decorative building-art. 2. Style of building. 3. Workmanship, framework, frame, structure, fabric. Archives, «. pi. Records, rolls, documents, regis- ters, muniments. Arch over. Arch, cover with an arch. Archway, «. Arched passage. Arctic^ a. Northern, boreal, septentrional, sep- tentrion. Arcuate, a. {Rare.) Curved, bent, bowed, hooked, crooked, aduncous. Arcuation, «. I. (Rare.) Curvature, incurva- tion, curvity, flexure, bend, crook. 2. Layering, propagation by layers. Ardency, «. I. Heat, warmth, glow. 2. Warmth, ardentness. See Ardor, a. Ardent, a. I. Hot, burning, fiery. 2. Warm, passionate, fervent, impassioned, eager, intense, keen, sharp, vehement, fierce, fiery, earnest, fervid, glowing, zealous, devoted, enthusiastic, strenuous, sanguine. 3. Alcoholic, spirituous. Ardor, n. I. Heat, warmth, glow, ardency, hot- ARDUOUS 27 ARMORIAL 2. Zeal, fervor, fervency, flame, glow, excite- ment, sharpness, earnestness, eagerness, hearti- ness, devotion, enthusiasm, soul, spirit, vehe- mence, impetuosity, intensity, heat, hotuess, fierceness, passion. Ardaous, a. I. Steep, high, lofty, uphill. 2. Hard, difficult, laborious, onerous, trouble- some, Herculean, toilsome, tiresome, wearisome, fatiguing, beset with difficulties, full of difficulties. Area, «. I. Region, sphere, realm, territory, domain, district, circuit, circle, definite space. 2. Yard, kitchen-yard, sunken space adjoining the basement. 3, {Geotn.) Superficial contents, superficies, surface- Arena, «. I. Ring, amphitheatre. 2. Scene of action, theatre, field, stage, place of contest, scene of conflict, battle-field. Arenaceous, a. Sandy, arenose, arenarious. Arenose, a. Sandy, arenaceous, arenarious. Areometer, «. Hydrometer, JiXgtnt,a. I. Of silver, silver. 2. Silvery, bright, resplendent, shining, radi- ant, brilliant, beaming, elfulgent, refulgent, fair, white, snowy. Argent, «. Whiteness, fairness, snowiness, sil- veriness, brilliancy, resplendence, radiance, efiful- gence, refulgence. Argil, n. I. Potter's clay, white clay 2. Alumina, argillaceous earth, oxide of alu- minium. Argillaceous, a. Clayey, aluminous. ArgOl, ». Tartar {crude), bitartrate of potash, wine-stone. [Also spelled Argal \ AxgOSy, n. Carack, galleon. Argue, V. n. I. Reason, plead, offer reasons, use arguments. 2. Dispute, debate, chop logic, try conclusions, bandy words or arguments, hold or carry on an argument. Argue, V. a. I. Show, indicate, evince, denote, imply, infer, betoken, prove. 2. Debate, discuss, sift, contest, controvert, moot, reason upon. Arguer, «. Reasoner, debater, controversialist, disputant, disputer. Argument, «. I. Reason, ground, proof, evi- dence, reasoning, chain of reasoning, process of reasoning. 2. Controversy, dispute, disputation, discus- sion, debate. 3. Subject, topic, matter, theme, thesis, ques- tion, subject-matter, matter in hand 4. Summary, abstract, epitome, outline, gen- eral contents. Argumentation, «. Reasoning, ratiocination, process of reasoning. Argumentative* a. I. Containing argument, concerned with argument, for advocacy, apolo- getic. 2. Controversial, polemical. 3. Disputatious, given to controversy, addicted to argument. Argus-eyed, a. Vigilant, watchful, alert, all- observant, discerning, perspicacious, sharp- sighted, quick-sighted, lynx-eyed, hawk-eyed. Arid, a. I. Dry, dried up, parched with heat, parched, unfertile, barren, steri e. 2. Dry, uninteresting, dull, pointless, jejune, unsuggestive, barren, infecund. Aridity, n. I. Dryness, aridness, parchedness, j siccity, want of moisture, sterility, barrenness, unfertility. I 2. Dryness, want of interest, dulness, point- i lessness, jejuneness, unsuggestiveness, barren- i ness, infecundity, sterility. 3. Dulness, insensibility, indifference, torpidity. I Aridness, «. See Aridity. Arignt, ad. Rightly, without error or mistake. Ariose, a. Melodious, of a melodious character, characterized by melody (as distinguisfied from harmony). Arise, v. «. I. Ascend, mount, soar, tower, go up. 2. Get up, get out of bed, leave one's couch, start upj stand up, rise, rise from one's seat. 3. Rise, appear, emerge, come in sight, come into view, present itself, show itself, discover itself, make its appearance, reveal itseif, come to light. 4. Begin, originate, spring, spring up, be ex- cited, come into action, come into existence or being, enter upon life. 5. Rise, rebel, revolt, rise in sedition, rise m force, violence, or with threatening. 6. Rise {from the dead), rise again, leave the tomb, come from the grave. 7. Accrue, result, proceed, issue, flow, follow, come, ensue, originate, be derived. Aristate, a. (Bot.) Awned, bearded. Aristocracy, n. I. Government of nobles or a privileged order, rule of the higher classes. 2. Nobility, noblesse, gentry, peerage, body of nobles, the quality, persons of rank, nobility and gentry. 3. (Colioq.) Upper classes, upper ten thou- sand, upper ten. Aristocrat, «. I. Believer in government by the higher classes, advocate of rule by the privileged, advocate of privilege 2. Haughty or overbearing person, person of supercilious feeling. Aristocratic, ) a. I. Noble, princely, patrician, Aristocratical, I titled, gentle, of gentle blood, high-bom, of high rank. 2. Of or by the privileged, vesting power in the nobility, belonging or pertaining to the aris- tocracy. 3. Haughty, proud, arrogant, disdainful, over- weening, supercilious, overbearing, consequential. Aristotelian, a. Peripatetic. Aristotelian, «. Follower of Aristotle, peripatetic philosopher, peripatetic. Arithmetic, «. Science of numbers, art of com- putation. Arm, ». I. Anterior limb, anterior member. 2. Branch, bough, limb, projection, projecting part. 3. Inlet (of the sea), estuary, firth, frith, fiord, cove, creek. 4. Power, might, strength, puissance. 5. {Mil.) Branch of the service {as artillery or cavalry). 6. Weapon, instrument of warfare- Arm, V a. I. Equip, array, furnish, provide, or supply with arms. 2. Fortify, put in a state of defence 3. Cover, protect, clothe, guard, strengthen 4. Prepare, fit up, make ready. Arm, V. n. Take arms, be fitted or provided with arms, make warlike preparations, gather an army, collect munitions of war. Armada, «. Fleet {especially that of Spain against England in 1588), squadron, flotilla. Armament, «. I. Body of forces. 2. Guns, cannon, arms, munitions of war. Arm-chair, «. Elbow-chair, armed chair. Armistice, «. Truce, suspension of hostilities, cessation of arms, temporary peace. Arm of flesh. Human strength, human aid. Arm of the sea. Estuary, frith, inlet, firth, fiord. Armor, n. Defensive clothing, coat of mail. See Arms. Armorial, a. Heraldic ARMORY 28 ARTICULATE Armory, «. Arsenal, depository of arms, maga- zine of arms. Armpit, n. Axilla. Arms, «. //. I. Weapons, means of offence and defence, armor, harness, accoutrements, array, panoply, mail, martial array. 2. War, warlike exploits, warfare, heroic achievements, deeds of valor, deeds of arms. 3. Escutcheon, scutcheon, shield, ensign ar- morial, armoria! bearings, device, crest, coat of arms, heraldic emblem. Army» «. I. Host, force, troops, legions, armed foice, military force, body of troops. 2. Host, multitude, throng, vast assemblage. Arnica, «. Leopard's bane, mountain-tobacco. Aroma, «. I. Fragrance, perfume, redolence, sweet scent, pleasing scent, grateful odor, bouquet, delicate savor. 2. Subtle essence, supreme quality, ethereal spirit, fine flavor. Aromatic, a. Fragrant, redolent, balmy, spicy, odoriferous, aromatous, ambrosial, high-scented, strong-scented, sweet-scented, sweet-smelling. Aromatize, v. a. Scent, perlume, spice, fill with fragrance. Aromatous, a. See Aromatic. Around, ad. Round, on every side, on all sides, in a circle, right and left. Around, /r^/. About, round, encircling, encom- passing, surrounding, on every side of. Arouse, v. a. Incite, excite, animate, stimulate, warm, kindle, inspirit, provoke, int^tigate, awaken, rouse, raise, whet, stir up, wake up, summon up, set on, hurry on. Arraign, v. a. I. Prosecute, bring to trial, bring before a court 2. Accuse, charge, denounce, impeach, indict, criminate, tax, censure, call to account, take to task. Arraignment, «. I. Prosecution, bringing to trial. 2. Accusation, indictment, impeachment, de- nunciation, calling to account, taking to task. Arrange, v. a. I. Dispose, array, class, classify, group, rank, marshal, array, distribute, place, range, put or bring into order, set in order, reduce to order, set out, assign places to. 2. Adjust, settle, determme, fix upon. 3. Plan, devise, contrive, project, mature, organize, concoct, construct, prepare, lay out. Arrange, v. n. Agree, come to terms, settle. Arrangement, n. I. Disposition, classification, method, distribution, grouping, collocation, placing, array, reducing to order. 2. Structure, make, form, mode of building, manner of making. 3. Adjustment, settlement, agreement. 4. Regulation, management, economy. 5. Preparation, plan, scheme. Arrant, a. I. Notorious, utter, gross, downright, consummate, rank, thorough-going. 2. Infamous, vile, atrocious, monstrous. Arras, n. Tapestry, hangings Array, «. I. Order, disposition, arrangement, collocation, marshalling. 2. Dress, fine clothes, elegant attire, rich gar- ments. See Apparel. 3. Exhibition, show, display. 4. Marshalled force, soldiery, troops, army, hosts, battalions. 5. (Law.) Panel, body of jurors. Array, v. a. I. Rank, range, arrange, place, dispose, marshal, set in order, draw up, draw out, set in line, set in battle, set in line of battle. 2. Dress, habit, attire, equip, accoutre, betrap, enrobe, robe, vest, invest, wrap, clothe, bedeck, deck, adorn, embellish, betrim, decorate, garnish, prank, bedizen, trick out, set ofiE. Arrearage, «. See Arrears. Arrears, «. pi. Arrearage, deficiency, unpaid dues, amounts due, but unpaid. Arrest, v. a. I. Stop, stay, check, interrupt, obstruct, hinder, delay, detain, restrain, hold, withhold, keep back. 2. Seize, apprehend, take, capture, catch, take up, take into custody, take prisoner. 3. Catch, secure, fix, engage, engross, occupy, rivet. Arrest, «. I. Stay, staying, stopping, stoppage, checkj checking, interruption, delay, detention, restraining, restraint, hindrance, obstruction. 2. Seizure, apprehension, capture, deten- tion. Arrival, «. I. Advent, coming, reaching one's destination. 2. Comer, person arrived, thing arrived. Arrive, v. «. I. Come, get here, reach this place. 2. Get there, reach that place, get to one's destination, get to the end of one's juurney. Anive at. Reach, attain, come to, get to, touch at. Arrogance, «. Haughtiness, pride, etlrontery, assumption, superciliousness, disdain, contumely, lordliness, loftiness, self-assertion, assurance, self-assurance, self-confidence, self-conceit, con- ceitedness, self-importance, self-sufficiency, self- assumption, egotism, hauteur. Arrogant, A. Haughty, proud, supercilious, lordly, disdainful, contumelious, insolent, cavalier, over- bearing, overweenmg, as.'^ummg, magisterial, dogmatic, imperious, important, swelling, blus- tering, big, high, lofty, self-conceited, self-suffi- cient, self-assuming, self-important, self-asserting, self-confident, egotistic, self-assured, uppish. Arrogate, v. a. Assume, usurp, claim unduly, make unjust pretensions to. Arrow, «. Dart, shaft, bolt, reed. Arrow-headed, a. Wedge-shaped, cuneiform. Arrowy, a. I. Slender, delicate, reed-like, gracile, graceful. 2. Swift, darting, rushing, lithe, sinuous. 3. Piercing, stinging, sarcastic. Arsenal, «. Armory, magazine of arms, repository of military stores Arsenic, «. See Arsenious Oxide. Arsenious oxide. Arsenic, rat's bane, white arse- nic, white oxide of arsenic, arsenious acid (a common but incorrect name). Art, «. I. Trade, craft, business, calling, employ- ment, exercise of skill. 2. Practical knowledge, knowledge how to do, rules for doing. 3. Creation of beauty, embodied beauty. 4. Skill, address, adroitness, readiness, dex- terity, tact, sagacity, aptitude, aptness, cleverness, ingenuity, knack. 5. Cunning, astuteness, artfulness, shrewdness, artifice, deceit, subtlety, craftiness, craft, dupli- city, wiliness, guile. Artful, a. Cunning, crafty, wily, subtle, insidioiis, designing, intriguing, politic, diplomatic, Machia- velian, deceitful, trickish, tricky, sly, foxy, snaky. Article, n. 1. Part, portion, branch, division, member, clause, paragraph, head, heading, item, particular, count, point. • 2. Essay, piece, paper. 3. Thing, substance, commodity. 4. Instant, critical instant, moment, turning- point. 5. {Gram) Particle of logical quantity, quantifying adjective, quantifying pronoun. Article, v. a. Bind, indenture, apprentice. Articulate, a. I. Jointed, articulated, formed with joints. 2. Distinctly uttered, distinct, clear, clearly audible, intelligible. ARTICULATE 29 ASININE Articulate, v. a. I. Join, unite by joints, unite, connect, fasten together. 2. Utter distinctly {as respects the elementary sounds).) speak, enunciate. See Pronouncb. AtHcolated, a. See Articulate. Articulation, « I. Distinct utterance. 2. {Gram ) Consonant. 3. Joint, hinge, juncture, connection, point of Junction, mode of union. Artifice, « I. Contrivance, invention, effort, art. 2. Cunning, deceit, deception, imposture, fraud, trickery, device, duplicity, guile, subtlety, finesse, stratagem, shift, trick, subterfuge, wile, ruse, doubling, Machiavelism, diplomacy, machi- nation, cheat, shuffle, double-dealing, dodge {colloq.), hocus-pocus, crafty device, artful con- trivance. Artificer, «. I. Maker, contriver, plotter, machmator. 2. Worker, workman, craftsman, mechanic, artisan. 3. Artist («(?^ of the highest grade), superior artisan, skilful mechanic, skilled workman. Artificial, a. I. Factitious, made by art, not natural. 2. Fictitious, feigned, counterfeit, counter- feited, sham, spurious. 3. Assumed, affected, forced, strained. Artificiality, « Artificialness. See Artificial. Artillery, «. I. Ordnance, cannon, enginery, great guns. 2. Gunnery, theory of ordnance, art of hand- ling artillery. Artisan, n. Mechanic, craftsman, handicraftsman, workman, laborer, operative. Artist, «. I. Designer, contriver, projector, adept, skilled workman, artificer. 2. Painter, limner, sketcher. 3. Sculptor, carver, modeller. 4. Master, master-hand, consummate per- former. Artistic, ) a. I. Skilful, masterly, workman- Artistical, ( like. 2. Tasteful, marked by knowledge of art, dis- playing taste, showing skill in applying the prin- ciples of beauty. Artless, a. I. Ignorant, unlearned, untaught, unskilful, rude. [Usually followed by o/.] 2. Inartificial, simple, natural, plain, una- dorned, without marks of art. 3. Unaffected, plain, honest, frank, fair, open, candid, naive, guileless, simple, sincere, true, unsophisticated, ingenuous, undesigning, truth- ful, trustful, unsuspicious, confiding, single- minded, simple-hearted, simple-minded, open- hearted, straightforward. As, ad. and conj. I. In the manner that. 2. Like, similar to, for example, of the same kind with, in the same manner with. 3. Viewed like, taken in the character of, con- sidered in the state of. 4. While, during the time that, at the same time that 5. Because, since, for the reason that. 6. To the degree that, in the same proportion that. 7. Being of the kind which, being of the class who. Ascend, v. n. l. Rise, arise, mount, soar, aspire, tower, climb, go up. 2. Go backward {in the order of time). Ascend, v. a. Scale, go up, get up. See Cumb, V. a. Ascendancy, ) n. Power, authority, sway, con- Ascendency, ) trol, superiority, government, mastery, masterdom, command, dominion, rule, sovereignty, supremacy, domination, predomi- nance, controlling influence, advantage over, upper-hand. Ascendant, «. I. Horoscope. 2. Superiority, supremacy, predominance, ascendency, superior influence, commanding influence, controlling influence. ^eSdSH- ^- Rising, above the horizon. 2. Superior, predominant, prevailing, preva- lent, surpassing. Ascension, «. Rising, rise, ascent, ascending, mounting, moving upward. Ascension Day. Holy Thursday. Ascent, «• I. Rising, rise, ascension, ascending, mounting, moving upward. 2. Ascending, climbing, scaling, voyage up. 3. Acclivity, rising ground, ascending path, upward slope. 4. Elevation, height, eminence. Ascertain, v. a I. Determine, establish, fix, settle, define, certify, verify, make certain, make sure. 2. Discover, find out, get at {with precision). Ascetic, a. Austere, rigid, severe, stern, puritan- ical, over-renunciatory, over-self-denying, self- mortifying, over-abstinent. Ascetic, «. Recluse, hermit, anchoret, anchorite, solitary, solitaire^ eremite, devotee, mortifier of the flesh. Asceticism, n. Austerity, mortification, excessive abstinence, over-renunciation, renunciation. Ascititioos, a. See Adscititious. Ascribable, a. Attributable, traceable, chargeable, imjjutable, referrible, owing. Ascribe, v. a. Attribute, assign, refer, charge, lay, set down. See Impute. Ascription, «. I. Ascribing, attributing, refer- ring, charging, laying, setting down, imputing. 2. [//.] Praises, adorations, magnifyings, extollings, homage. Magnificats, Glorias, Te Deums. As far as. To the extent that, to the degree that. As good as. I. Of equal goodness with. 2. The same as, equivalent to, equal to, tanta- mount to. Ashamed, a. Abashed, confused, (put) out of countenance. Ash-colored, a. Ashy, pale, gray, ashen. Ashen, a. I. Ash, made of ash. 2. Ashy, pale, pallid, blanched, hueless, color- less, gray, ash-colored. Ashes, n. pi. I. Remains {of what is burned). 2. Corpse, remains {of the human body), dead body. Ashore, ad. I. On shore, on land. 2. To the shore. 3. Aground, not afloat. 4. {Colloq.) Stranded, aground, in difficulties, run out, come to grief, hard up. Ashy, a. I. Cineraceous, cineritious, cinereous, favillous, like ashes- 2. Pale, pallid, whitish, gray, ash-colored, cineraceous, cineritious, cinereous. See Ashen, 2. Asiatic cholera. Spasmodic <7r malignant cholera, cholera asphyxia. Aside, oul. I. Laterally, to the side, to one side, on one side. 2. Away, off, out of mind, out of thought, out of the heart, out of the character. 3. Out of the straight course, out of the true course. 4. Apart, separately, away, aloof. As if. As though. Asinine, a. Of an ass, ass-like. 2. Doltish, stupid, blockish, foolish, senseless, dullard, duncical, duncish, dunderheaded, thick- headed, thick-skulled, muddle-brained. AS IT WERE 30 ASSENT As it were. So to speak, as it would seem, as it seems. Ask, V. a. I. Question, interrogate, inquire of, put the question to. 2. Inquire, make inquiry about, seek informa- tion regarding. 3. Invite. 4. Request, solicit, petition, seek, beseech, implore, supplicate, crave, beg, desire, entreat, pray for, prefer a petition for, make application for. 5. Require, claim, demand, exact, challenge, call for. Askt V. n. I. Petition, beg, pray, sue, make suit. 2. Inquire, question, make inquiry. Ask, n. Water-newt, asker. Askance, I ad. Obliquely, sideways, sidewise, Askantf j askew, awry, aslant, asquint, on one side, out of the corner of one's eye. Asker, n. I. Inquirer, petitioner, solicitor, soli- citant, suitor. 2. Water-newt, ask. Askew, ad. Awry, obliquely, atwist, askile, aside, askance, askant, aslant, asquint, to one side. Aslant, ad. Obliquely, askance, aslope. See Askew. Aslant, a. Oblique, inclined, slanting, sloping. Asleep, a. I. Sleeping, fast asleep, slumbering, in slumber, in repose, in a sound sleep, in the arms of Morpheus. 2. Dead, in the last sleep, at rest with God. Aslope, ad. and a. Sloping, slopingly. See Aslant. Aspect, n. I, Air, mien, look, bearing, counte- nance, expression, visage, feature. 2. Appearance, view, light, condition, situation, position, state, attitude, posture. 3. Direction, bearing, outlook, prospect, rela- tive position. Asperity, n. I. Roughness, ruggedness, uneven- ness. 2. Acrimony, tartness, sourness, sharpness, causticity, corrosiveness 3. Harshness, moroseness, sternness, severity, virulence, crabbedness, bitterness, churlishness, acerbity, snllenness, ill-temper See Acrimony- Asperse, v. a. Vilify, slander, calumniate, traduce, defame, disparage, slur, censure, nnpugn, malign, revile, lampoon, backbite, attack, abuse, blacken, blemish, besmirch, bespatter, befoul, defile, run down, detract from, speak ill of, accuse falsely, reflect upon, cast reflections upon, animadvert upon, cast reproach upon, vituperate, cast oblo- quy upon. Aspersion, n. Calumny, detraction, censure, slander, defamation, abuse, vituperation, obloquy, reproach, reflection, backbiting, reviling, traduc- ing. See preceding verb. Asphalt, ) n. Native bitumen, mineral pitch, Asphaltum, J Jew's pitch. Asphalte, n. Artificial bitumen, having asphalt, roofing asphalt, asphaltic cement. Aspirant, n. I. Aspirer, ambitious person. 2. Candidate, seeker, solicitor, solicitant, suitor, competitor. Aspirate, a. I. Aspirated, toneless, unintonated, atonic, surd, pronounced with a simple breathing, not vocal, without vocality, without tone. 2. Pronounced with tlie rough breathing. Aspirate, «. ( Gram.) Rough"^breathing. Aspirate, v. a. Pronounce with an aspirate or rough breathing. Aspirated, a. See Aspirate^ a. Aspiration, «. I. Pronouncmg or pronunciation with the rough breathing. 2. Longing, yearning, craving, ardent wish or desire, spiritual elevation, upward looking, yearn- ing after excellence. Aspire, v. n. I. Desire {earnestly), long, yearn. 2. Ascend, rise, soar, tower, mount. Aspirer, «. See Aspirant. Aspire to. Aim at, indulge an ambition for, enter- tain hopes of, seek, venture to make suit for, make bold to seek. Aspiring, a. Ambitious, high-reaching, of high or lofty purpose, striving after excellence, etc See the verb. Asquint, ad. Askance, askant, awry, askew, ob- liquely, to one side. Ass, «. I. Jackass, donkey. 2. Dolt, fool, blockhead, simpleton, num- skull, ninny. See Dunce. Assail, V. a. I. Assault, attack, invade, oppugn, fall upon, set upon, fly at, bear down upon, make aggression on. 2. Attack, impugn, maltreat, malign, etc. See Asperse. 3. Set upon {with arguments or entreaties). See Attack and Importune. Assailable, a. Open to attack, censurable, not impregnable, sensitive. Assailant, n. Aggressor, assaulter, attacker, in- vader, assailer. Assailant, a. Attacking, invading, assaulting. Assailer, «. Aggressor. See Assailant. Assassin, n. Murderer, slayer, cut-throat, assas- sinator, bravo, thug. Assassinate, v. a. Kill {by secret assault), mur- der, slay, despatch, murderously assail or assault. Assassination, «. Murder {py secret assaulti, murderous assault. Assassinator, n. See Assassin. Assault, n- I. Attack, onset, onslaught, aggres- sion, invasion, charge, thrust, assailing with blows, threatening with blows. 2. Storming, storm. Assault, V. a. Assail, attack, invade, charge, storm, fall upon, fly at, bear down upon, make aggression on, assail with blows, threaten with blows. Assay, «. Trial {.to determine the quality of met' als, alloys, or ores), test, examination, analysis. Assay, v. a. Analyze {metallic substances)^ test, make an assay of. Assemblage, «. I. Collection, group, aggregate., body, bunch, cluster, clump, mass, congeries, pack. 2. Assembly, concourse, company, crowd, rout, throng, congregation, gathering, mustering, meeting. 3. Collecting, gathering, congregating, assem- bling, meeting. 4. Combination, union, conjunction, associa- tion. Assemble, v. a. Collect, muster, convene, con- voke, congregate, gather, levy, call, summon, call together, bring together, get together. Assemble, v. n. Convene, congregate, meet, gather, meet together, gather together, come together. Assembly, «. I. Company, concourse, rout, throng, congregation, gathering, collection, as- semblage, meeting. 2. Congress, parliament, legislature, lower house, legislative body, convention, convocation, conclave, synod, diet, meeting, council, conven- ticle, caucus. 3. Ball, dance, dancing-party. Assent, v. n. Agree {as to a matter of opinion), concur, acquiesce, subscribe, yield, yield assent, give consent, fall in, go with the stream, go with the current. See Consent. Assent, «. Consent, agreement, concurrence, ac- quiescence, allowance, approval, approbation, accord. ASSENT TO 81 ASSURANCE Assent to. Consent to, agree to, give assent to, acquiesce in, concur in, approve, accept. Assert, v. a. I. Affirm, declare, maintain, pro- nounce, express, say, aver, allege, asseverate, protest, avouch, avow, predicate, lay down. 2. Vindicate, defend, claim, maintain, uphold, f)ut forward, insist upon, press, emphasize, make elt. AssertlOllt «• I. Affirmation, declaration, as- severation, protestation, position, statement, word, averment, allegation, predication, remark. 2. Vindication, defence, mamtenance, support, pressing, emphasizing, insistence on. Assertive, a. Positive, decided, confident, uncon- ditional, peremptory. Assertory, a. Declarative {either affirmatively or negatively) y declaratory, maintaining, no longer problematic. Assess, V. a I. Tax, charge with one's share, assign one's share to, impose one's share on. 2. Value, appraise, compute, estimate, rate. 3. Fix, assign, determine, inipose. Assessment, n. I. Assessing, valuation. 2. Tax, impost, charge, rate. Assets, n. pi. Property {particularly as compared with liabilities)^ effects, possessions, estate. Asseverate, v- a. Aver, affirm, declare, protest, maintain, avow. See Assert. Asseveration, n. Declaration. See Assertion. Assiduity, «. Industry, diligence, assiduousness, sedulousness, activity, perseverance, persistence, patience, devotedness, devotion, care, careful- ness, close application. Assiduous, a. Industrious, sedulous, diligent, indefatigable, notable, active, busy, untiring, un- wearied, unremitting, unintermitting, persever- ing, persistent, constant, patient, devoted, careful, attentive, laborious, studious, zealous, never- tiring, tireless, painstaking. Assiduousness, «. See Assiduity. Assign, V. a. I. Apportion, allot, appoint, ap- propriate, cast. 2. Fix, specify, determine, designate. 3. Adduce, allege, advance, offer, show, give, present, bring forward. 4. {Law.) Transfer, convey, make over. Assignation, n. I. Designation. See Assign- ment. 2. 2. Appointment (to meet), 3. Guilty appointment, illicit appointment, ap- pointment for criminal converse, clandestine appointment. Assign dower. {Law.) Set off {by metes and bounds) the widow's share. Assignment, «. I. Appointment, allotment, ap- portionment. 2. Designation, specification, fixing, determi- nation. 3. Offer, offering, showing, giving, presenta- tion, alleging, adducing. 4. {Law ) Transfer, conveyance. Assimilate, v. a. I. Make like, bring into resemblance. 2. Digest, turn to one's own substance, take Into the organism, thoroughly appropriate, ab- sorb into the system, incorporate, make part and parcel of one's being. Assimilation, «. See preceding verb. Assist, V. a. I. Help, aid, support, befriend, patronize, serve, speed, second, lurther, promote, abet, back, sustain, subsidize, co-operate with, tak" part with, give support to, minister to. 2. Succor, relieve, aid, give aims to. 3. .Alternate with, relieve, spell. Assistance, «. I. Help, aid, succor, furtherance, support, patronage, lift, helping hand, good offices. 2. Alms, aid, succor, relief, help, lift. Assistant, n. I. Coadjutor, helper, aider, co- operator, co-aid, ally, auxiliary, abettor, adjuvant, collaborator, collaborateur. 2. Subordinate, subaltern, aid, clerk, under- worker, agent, underling. Assizes, «. //. Sessions {of the superior courts in the counties of England). Associate, v. a. Join, conjoin, unite, connect, combine, affiliate, yoke, couple, link, bring into close relation. Associate, v. «. Fraternize, sort, consort, keep company, be in familiar intercourse. Associate, n. I. Companion, mate, fellow, yoke- fellow, comrade, peer, compeer, follower, con- sort. 2. Partner, copartner, coadjutor, confederate, ally. See Colleague. Association, «. I. Union, connection, conjunc- tion, combination. 2. Society, fraternity, partnership, copartner- ship, sodality, company, band, corporation, body, guild, firm, house, confederacy, confederation, lodge, club, coterie, clique, joint concern. Assort, V. a. Class, classify, rank, group, ar- range, distribute, sort. Assort, V. n. Agree, consort, suit, be adapted, be suitable. Assorted, a. Of various sorts, various, varied, diverse, divers, miscellaneous. Assortment, «. I. Assorting, arranging, allot- ment, distribution, arrangement. 2. Class, group, set, batch, lot, parcel, stock, store, collection, pack, package. 3. Variety of sorts, many kinds. Assuage, v. a. Mitigate, moderate, appease, soothe, soften, mollify, pacify, compose, tran- quillize, quiet, still, quell, allay, abate, temper, attemper, lessen, qualify, relieve, ease, dull, blunt, lull. See Alleviate. Assuagement, «. Mitigation, pacification, easing, abatement. See preceding verb, and Allevia- tion. Assuasive, a. Soothing, assuaging, emollient, lenitive, lenient, mitigating, mitigative, mild, moderating, softening, mollifying, pacifying, com- posing, tranquillizing, quieting, stilling, quelling, allaying, abating, easeful, tempering, relieving, lulling. Assume, v. a. I. Take, undertake, take on, take upon one's self, be willing to bear, become re- sponsible for. 2. Affect, feign, counterfeit, simulate, pretend to, put on. 3. Arrogate, usurp, claim unduly, make unjust pretensions to. 4. Beg, suppose, presuppose, imply, consider as true, take for granted. Assumed name. Alas. Assuming, a- I. Presuming, presumptuous, for- ward, audacious, bold, shameless, frontless, un- blushing, brazen, brazen-faced. 2. Arrogant, proud, lofty, haughty, super- cilious, overbearing, overweening, conceited, consequential, self-conceited, self-sufficient. See Arrogant. Assumption, «. I. Assuming, taking, taking on, taking up, accepting, becoming responsible for. 2. Assuming^ arrogating, usurpation. 3. Presumption, supposition, conjecture, hy- pothesis, postulate, theory. 4. Haughtiness, loftiness, superciliousness, lordliness, stateiiness, conceit, pride, conceited- ness, self-conceit, self-importance, vain-glory, insolence, hauteur. See Arrogance. Assurance, ». I. Assuredness, security, certainty, conviction, persuasion, pledge of certainty, ground of confidence, surety. ASSURE 32 ATOM 2. Promise, engagement, pledge, word of honor. 3. Protestation, asseveration, averment, earn- est or solemn declaration. 4. Intrepidity, courage, confidence, firmness, self-reliance. 5. Arrogance, boldness, effrontery, brass, im- pudence, impertinence, presumption, face, front. 6. {Law.) Insurance. Assure, v. a. I. Make certain or sure, free from doubt or uncertainty. 2. Embolden, encourage, enhearten, hearten, make confident, 3. Declare to {confidently and earnestly)^ vouch to, vow to, protest to, aver to, solemnly promise, pledge, guarantee, warrant. 4. {Law.) Insure, agree to indemnify for loss, secure against loss. Asstiredy a. I. Certain, indubitable, unquestion- able. 2. Confident, sure, secure, unquestioning, san- guine. 3. {Law.) Insured. Assuredly, ad. Certainly, indubitably, undoubt- edly, unquestionably, truly, surely, sure, without doubt. Assuredness, n. See Assurance, i. Asteism, «. Genteel irony, polite banter or rail- lery, delicate ridicule. Asterisk, «. Star {in prhtting). Astern, ad. {Naut.) I. behind, back. 2. Backward, rearward, abaft, aft. Asteroid, «. Small planet, planeioid. Asthenia, I «. Debility, debilitation, prostration, Astheny, ] exhaustion, feebleness, weakness, loss of power, loss of strength, atonicity. Asthenic, a. Weak, leeble, debilitated, pros- trated, exhausted. Asthmatic, a. Wheezing, wheezy, short-breathed, short-winded. As though. As if. Astir, a. and ad. On the move, in motion, stir- ring, active, alert, roused, excited. Astonish, v. a. Amaze, surprise, startle, as- tound, confound, stagger, stupefy, daze, stun, dumfounder, overwhelm, astony, strike dumb, strike with wonder, petrify with wonder. Astonishment, «. Amazement, wonder, surprise. Astound, V a. See Astonish. Astraddle, ad. Straddle, astride, straddling. Astral, a. Starry, stellar, sidereal, star-like. Astray, ad- Out of the right way, wandering. In error, lost, at fault, on the wrong scent. Astride, ad. See Astraddle. Astringent, a. Binding, contracting, styptic. Astute, a. Shrewd, penetrating, eagle-eyed, keen, cunning, deep, sagacious, acute, sharp, quick, discerning, ingenious, perspicacious, intelligent, long-headed, keen-sighted, clear-sighted, quick- sighted. Astuteness, «. Shrewdness, penetration, sagacity, perspicacity, discernment, acuteness, sharpness, subtlety, ingenuity, mother-wit, quick parts, long- headedness, keen-sightedness, quick-sightedness, power to fathom wiles. Asunder, ad. and a. Apart, into two parts, in two, divided, separated, divergent, discordant. Asylum, n. I. Sanctuary, shelter, retreat, refuge, place of refuge. 2. Charitable institution, retreat {/or the afflicted). At a Wow. Suddenly, all at once, by a single stroke, by one effort. At all. In any manner, in any degree, in the least degree, in the least, in any case, ever, under any circumstances. At all events. At any rate, in any case, in the worst case, at least, in any event, whatever be the case, happen what may, come what may, let it be as it will. At a loss. Puzzled, perplexed, embarrassed, stag- gered, posed, nonplussed, aground, ashore, stranded, cornered, out, at one's wits' end, hard pressed, hard up, at a stand, in doubt, in diffi- culty, put to it, put to one's trumps, put to one's shifts, out of one's depth, beyond one's depth, in a quandary, at fault, in a dilemma, not know- ing what to do. At any rate. See At all Events. At a pinch. In an emergency, in a difficulty, if things come to the worst. At a stand. I. Interrupted, stopped 2. Perplexed, embarrassed. See At a Loss. At dawn. Early, at break of day, at peep of day, at the opening of day. At discretion. Without conditions or stipula- tions, unconditionally. At ease. Untroubled, comfortable, free from pain, at rest. At fault. I. Off the scent, on the wrong track, wide of the mark, all astray* 2. Puzzled, perplexed. See At a Loss. At first. In the beginning, at the commencement, at the outset, at the start. At hand. Near, nigh, drawing rear, approaching, almost come, close by, hard by, close at hand, within reach. At hazard. I. As may chance, hap-hazard, at random. 2. Hazarded. See At Stake. At heart* I. In principle, in one's true char- acter, in reality, really, at the core, inwardly, at bottom. 2. In esteem, in true regard, held dear, for matter of concern. Atheiltickl, ! '*' G°^^«^«' g'^«" t° ^^heism. Athirst, a. I. Thirsty, dry. 2, Eager, keenly desiring, whh fierce desire. Athlete, n. Combatant, champion, contender for victory, trained contestant, gymnast, muscular expert. Athletic, a. I. Strong, stout, robust, sturdy, brawny, muscular, lusty, sinewy, stalwart, pow- erful, strapping, Herculean, able bodied, made of iron. 2. Gymnastic. Athletics, n. pi. Gymnastics, out-door exercises, open-air sports, games of strength, muscular contests. Athwart, i>rep. Across, over, from one side to the other of. Athwart, ad. I, Across, crosswise, sidewlse, obliquely, awry, askant, askew. 2. Wrong, wrongfully, unseasonably, unsuit- ably, malapropos. At last. I. Finally, in the end, in the upshot. 2. At length, after a long time, after so long a time. At length. I. After a long time, after a long while, at last, in the end. 2. In full, to the full extent, in extenso, with full detail, with fulness. 3. Along, in one's whole stature, in entire di- mensions. [With stretch or lie, and the like.] Atmosphere, n. Air. At odds. Quarrelling, bickering, at variance, dis- puting, in dispute, at loggerheads. Atom, n. I. Molecule, monad, ultimate particle {of any element), indivisible particle. ATOMIC 33 ATTEND ON 2. Corpuscle, scrap, mite, bit, grain, jot, iota, tittle, whit, ace, scintilla. Atnmicfll 1 '*' ^* O^ *to"^s, referring to atoms. 2. Small, minute, infinitesimal, inappreciable. At once. I. Immediately, directly, forthwith, straightway, without delay. 2. At the same time, together, in one body. Atone for. Expiate, make expiation for, make amends for, make reparation for, make satisfac- tion for, do penance for, answer for, pay for. Atonement* «. I. (Rare) Reconciliation, pa- cification, concord, agreement. 2. Expiation, propitiation, satisfaction, repa- ration, amends, peace-offering, atoning sacrifice. Atonic, a. I. Marked by atony, asthenic, showing languor or exhaustion. 2. Unaccented, without any accentual mark. 3. Aspirate, aspirated, merely breathed, surd, non-sonant. Atonic, «. See preceding adjective. Atony, n. {Med.) Weakness, debility, languor, exhaustion, prostration, asthenia, aslheny, ato- nicity. Atrabiliar, \a. Melancholy. See Atrabil- Atrabiliary, ) lous. Atrabilious, a. Melancholy, hypochondriacal, hypped, hyppish, dejected, dispirited, depressed, gloomy, sad, sorrowiul, blue, desponding, down- cast, down-hearted, chop-fallen, low-spirited, cast down, in the blues, in the dumps, with a long face. At random. By chance, without choice, without selection, just as it happens, hap-hazard, as may chance, at hazard. At rest. I. Resting, reposing, quiescent, in repose. 2. Untroubled, comfortable, at ease, free from pain, 3. Dead, asleep, in the last sleep, in the bosom of God. Atrocious^ a. Infamous, villanous, flagitious, heinous, felonious, flagrant, outrageous, enor- mous, grievous, nefarious, diabolical, monstrous, infernal, hellish, horrible, black, very wicked, excessively cruel. Atrocity, «. I. Heinousness, atrociousness, hor- rible cruelty, enormity, flagrancy, villany, fla- gitiousness, depravity, wickedness, savagery, ferocity. 2. Atrocious crime, flagitious villany, horror, enormity, act of ferocity. Atroptiy, n. Emaciation {from want of nourish- ment), consumption, marasmus, decline, gradual wasting. At Stake. I. Hazarded, risked, pledged, in danger, at hazard. 2. At risk, in jeopardy, at the caprice of for- tune. Attach, V. a. I. Fasten, tie, join, connect, ce- ment, affix, fix, append, subjoin, tack, annex, hitch, make fast, set to. 2. Attract, captivate, enamour, endear, charm, win, engage, gain over. 3. {Law.) Take, seize, distrain, distress. Attachment, «. I. Love, liking, regard, affec- tion, friendship, fondness, predilection, devoted- ness, devotion, adhesion, adherence. 2. Fastening, appending, etc See the pre- ceding verb, I. 3. Adjunct, appurtenance, addition, adden- dum. See Appendage. 4. {Law.) Seizure, distress. Attack, V. a. I. Assail, assault, storm, encoun- ter, invade, charge, engage, oppugn, have at, 3 set upon, fly at, run at, make a run at, rush apon, spring upon, have a fling at, have a cut at, bear down upuu, make aggression on, ride full tilt against. 2. Impugn, censure, criticise, reflect upon, pass censure on. See under Assail. Attack, n. Assault, ottence, onset, onslaught, charge, thrust, encounter, invasion, aggression, descent. See Assault. Attacker, n. Assailer, assailant, assaulter, in- vader, aggressor. Attain, v. a. I. Procure {by effort), acquire, get, obtain, gain, win, secure, achieve, compass, ac- complish, effect. 2. Reach, arrive at, come to, attain to. Attainable, a. Compassable, achievable, practi- cable, feasible, possible. Attainder, n. Corruption of blood. Attainment, «• I. Attaining, getting, acquisi- tion, achieving, winning, gaining, accomplisliing, securing. 2. Acquirement, accomplishment, erudition, learning, information, enlightenment, wisdom, stock of knowledge, mental resources. Attaint, v. a. I. Taint, corrupt, stain, disgrace, pollute, cloud with infamy. 2. {Law.) Punish by corruption of blood. Attain to. Reach, attain, arrive at, come to, gain, win to, win. Attar 01 roses. Oil of roses, ottar of roses, otto of roses. Attemper, v. a. I. Temper, moderate, allay, alleviate, soften, mollity, soothe, qualify, ap- pease. See Assuage. 2. Adapt, suit, fit, proportion. Attempt, V. a. I. Try, essay, make trial or ex- periment of. 2. Undertake, go about, set about, take in hand, endeavor to accomplish. 3. Assail, attack, assault, etc., which see. Attempt, V. n. Try, strive, endeavor, seek, aim, make an attempt, make essay, do one's best, do all that in one lies, strain every nerve, leave no stone unturned. Attempt, n. I. Effort, trial, essay, endeavor, ex- periment, undertaking, enterprise. 2. Attack, assault, onset. Attend, v, a. I. Accompany, escort, follow, go with, go along with, keep company with. 2. Guard, watch, protect, have in keeping. 3. Serve, minister to, wait on, dance attend- ance on, lackey. 4. Be present at, frequent. 5. Await, be in store for, be ready for. Attend, V. n. I. Listen, hearken, hear, give ear, give heed, pay attention. 2. Tend, serve, wait, be attendant. Attendance, n. I. Presence, being there, going to. 2. Number present, attendants, persons at- tending, persons present. 3. Persons attending or ministering, train, retinue. 4. Service, ministration, waiting on. Attendant, a. Accompanying, attending, con- comitant, following, consequent. Attendant, n. I. Follower, satellite, companion, fellow, associate, escort, attender. 2. Attender, frequenter, person present. 3. Servant, vassal, servitor, dependant, re- tainer, squire, domestic, footman, lackey, valet, waiter, flunky, underling, menial, understrapper, tender. 4. Accompaniment, concomitant, attendant circumstance, consequence. Attend on. Accompany, serve, wait on, be ia waiting upon, be within call of. ATTEND TO 84 AUGUR Attend to. I. Mind, heed, notice, regard, ob- serve, mark, be attentive to, pay regard to, give heed to, take heed of, take notice of, give or pay attention to, give a thought to, be mindful of. 2. Look after, look to, see to, oversee, over- look, superintend, supervise, take care of, pro- vide for. 3. Practise, pursue, follow. Attention, «. I. Care, heed, regard, heedfulness, mindfulness, notice, observation, consideration, advertence, circumspection, watch, watchfulness, alertness. 2. Application, reflection, study. 3. Civility, courtesy, politeness, deference, respect, regard. 4. [Esp. in //.] Court, courtship, suit, de- voirs, devotion, addresses, wooing. Attentive, a. I. Mindful, heedful, observant, careful, thoughtful, regardful, awake, alive, alert, wide awake, on the alert, on the lookout, wary, circumspect, watchful. 2. Sedulous, assiduous, diligent, careful, re- spectful, deferential. Attentive to. I. Mindful of, occupied with, taken up with, absorbed in. 2. Persistent in attentions, lover-like, de- voted. Attenuate, v. a. Thin, rarefy, make thin, make rare, make slender, slim, or spare, render thread- like, draw out, lessen, diminish, reduce. Attenuation, n. I. Thinning, diminishing, rare- fying, making thin, thread-like, or slender. 2. Thinness, thread likeness, slenderness, ema- ciation, slender elongation, extreme slenderness. Attest, V. a. I. Witness, certify, indorse, con- firm, ratify, corroborate, support, authenticate, seal, vouch for, bear out, set one's hand and seal to, bear witness to. 2. Adjure, invoke, call to witness. 3. Prove, show, exhibit, manifest, display, confess, give evidence or signs of. Attestation, n. Attesting, authentication, confir- mation, testimony, witness, proof, evidence, voucher, seal. Attic, a. I. Of Attica, of Athens, Athenian. 2. Chaste, classic, classical, pure, correct, re- fined, elegant, polished, in good taste. 3. Pointed, delicate, subtle, penetrating, pun- gent. Attic, «. Garret, loft, cockloft, upper story. Atticism, «. Attic idiom or phrase, elegant or concise expression, happy phrase. Attic salt. Delicate wit. Attire, v. a. Dress, clothe, array, apparel, rig, robe, enrobe, accoutre, equip, fit out, trick out. See Apparel, v. Attire, n. Dress, clothes, clothing, apparel, rai- ment, habit, garb, gear, costume, habiliment, vesture, vestrnent, outfit, suit, accoutrement, equipment, toilet, rigging, trappings, wardrobe. See Apparel, n- Attitude, n. I. Posture (w/VA reference to the expression of some sentiment)^ position, pose. 2. Situation, aspect, phase, standing, state, condition, posture, position, predicament, con- juncture, juncture. 3. Relation, bearing, condition of mind, state of feeling, Attitudinize, v. n. Pose affectedly, strike atti- tudes. Attorney, n. I. Agent, factor, proxy, deputy, substitute. 2. [£/. 6".] Attomey-at-law, lawyer, coun- sellor, counsel, solicitor, advocate, member of the bar, limb of the law. Attract, V. a. I. Draw, bring into proximity, cause to approach. 2. Allure, invite, entice, engage, win, capti- vate, fascinate, endear, charm, enamour. Attraction, «. I. Attracting, drawing. 2. Allurement, lure, fascination, charm, en- ticement, witchery, attractiveness. 3. [In //.] Attractive qualities, charms, graces. Attractive, a. I. Alluring, inviting, enticing, fascinating, captivating, charming, winning, win- some, bewitching, enchanting, engaging, inter- esting, prepossessing, taking, pleasing, pleasant, lovely, sweet. 2. Magnetic, magnetical. Attributable, a. I, Ascribable, imputable, re- ferrible, chargeable, traceable, owing, due, to be charged, to be attributed, to be imputed. 2. Predicable, ascribable, belonging, adhering, inhering or inherent (in), true (of). Attribute, v. a. Ascribe, assign, refer, impute, consider as due. Attribute, n. I. Quality, property, characteris- tic, peculiarity, mark, note, predicate. 2. {Fine Arts.) Symbol, characteristic sym- bol, concomitant sign, attendant designating figure or object. Attrition, n. Abrasion, friction, rubbing, wearing away, rubbing away. Attune, V. a. I. (Rare.) Set to a tune, make musical. 2. Tune, accord, harmonize, modulate, put in tune. 3. Bring into accord or agreement, harmonize, adjust, adapt, attemper, accommodate. At variance. Quarrelling, bickering. See At Odd.s. Auburn, a. Nut-brown, chestnut-colored, red- dish-brown. Auction, n. Vendue, cant, public sale, auction sale. Auctioneer, «. Vendue-master. Audacious, a. I. {Now rare-) Bold, daring, fearless, courageous, intrepid, venturesome, dauntless, undaunted, valiant, stout-hearted. 2. Presumptuous, assuming, forward, impu- dent, insolent, shameless, unabashed, brazen, impertinent, full of effrontery. Audaciousness, «. See Audacity. Audacity, «. I. Boldness, daring, fearlessness, courage, intrepidity, venturesomeness, hardihood. 2. Impudence, insolence, effrontery, pre- sumptuousness, presumption, assurance, face, front, brass, impertinence, sauciness. Audience, n. I. Hearing, formal reception.. 2. Auditory, assembly of hearers, congrega- tion, assemblage. Audience-chamber, «. Divan, council-chamber, state-chamber. Audit, V. a. Examine {as accounts, to ascertain •whether they are correct or not). Audit, n. I. Examination of accounts. 2. Final account. Auditor, n. I. Hearer, listener. 2. Examiner of accounts. Auditory, n. Audience, assembly of hearers. Aufait. [Fr.] Skilful, skilled, expert, at home, in one's element. Aught, n. Anything. Augment, v. a. Enlarge, increase, swell, mag- nify, add to, make larger. Augment, v. n. Increase, grow larger. Augmentation, n. Increase, enlargement, exten- sion, addition, accession. Augur, «. Soothsayer, seer, prophet, fortune- teller. Augur, V. n. I. Prophesy, conjecture, predict, guess. 2. Portend, prognosticate, give token. AUGUR 35 AVERAGE Ansnr, v. a. Portend, forebode, presage, fore- show, foreshadow, prognosticate, betoken, fore- tell, predict, prophesy, be ominous of. Angury, n. I. Prognostication, soothsaying, prediction, prophecy, vaticination. 2. Omen, sign, auspice, portent, presage, prognostic, precursor, forerunner, harbinger, herald. August, a. Imposing, awful, awe-inspiring, sol- emn, venerable, majestic, stately, grand, regal, kingly, noble, dignified, princely. Auld lang syne. [Scotch.] Antiquity, old times, former times, days of yore, the olden time, time gone by, days gone by, the good old times, pleasant memories of youth. Aura, n. Effluence, exhalation, expiration, efflu- vium, aroma, odor. Aureate, a. Gf>lden, yellow, gold-colored. Aurelia, ». (Eni.) Chrysalis, pupa, nympha. Aureola, «. IL.] Halo, glory, aureole, efful- gence, irradiance. Auricle, «. I. Pavilion, external ear. 2. Superior chamber {o/ the hearty. Aurora, ». I. (,Mythol.) Goddess of Morning. 2. Daybreak, dawn, morning, sunrise, break of day, opening of day, peep of day, first blush of the morning See Mokn. Aurora borealis. [L.] Northern lights, polar lights. Auspice, n. Omen, augury, sign, portent, pres- age, prognostic. Auspices, n. pi. Favor, influence, patronage, protection, support, benign or favoring influ- ences. Auspicious, a. I. Prosperous, successful, fortu- nate, lucky, happy, red-letter. 2. Propitious, promising, favorable, season- able, opportune, golden, bright. Austere, a I. Rough {to tlie taste), sour, and astringent. 2. Severe, rigid, strict, formal, stiff, rigorous, harsh, stern, difficult, hard, uncompromising, un- relenting, relentless, ascetic, straight-laced. Austerity, ». Severity, rigor, sternness, harsh- ness, asceticism, rigiditjr, rigidness, strictness, formality, stiffness, inflexibility. Authentic, a. I. Genuine, real, true, veritable, pure, uncorrupted, unadulterated, not false, not spurious, not fictitious, not apocryphal, what it purports to be. 2. Trustworthy, reliable, authoritative, veri- table, true, accurate, according to the facts, ac- cordant with fact, not garbled, not tampered with, from competent and trustworthy sources, from the original data, that cannot be questioned, of approved authority, to be depended on, worthy of belief. Authenticate, v. a. Verify, seal, attest, give credit or validity to, prove to be genuine. Antiienticationt «. Verification, attestation, seal, confirmation. Authenticity, «. I. Genuineness. 2. Trustworthiness. See Authentic, i and 2. Author, n. I. Originator, first cause, original, maker, creator, father, former, contriver, inventor. 2. Writer, composer. Authoritative, a. I. Official, commanding, im- perative, by authority, ex cathedra. 2. Dictatorial, imperious, magisterial, oracular, peremptory, dogmatic. See Arrogant. Authorities, «. pi. I. Magistrates, rulers, the government, officials, persons in office. 2. Precedents, decisions, judgments. 3. Persons cited as vouchers, commanding scholars or men of science. Authority, «. I. Power, sovereignty, dominion, empire, government. 2. Rule, sway, ascendency, supremacy, con- trol, influence, interest. 3. Permission, warrant, warranty, liberty, permit, precept, order, authorization, sanction. 4. Witness, testimony. 5. Credibility^ weight of evidence. 6. Respectability, dignity, weight of character • 7. Person of commanding knowledge, leading expert, connoisseur, master, master-mind. Authorize, v. a. I. Sanction, justify, warrant, legalize, support by authority. 2. Empower, commission, permit, allow, give permission to, give leave to, give authority to. Autochthonal, ) a. Original, primitive, pri- Autochthonous, ) meval, pristine, primary, first, native, indigenous. See Aboriginal. Autocracy, «. Dictatorship, absolutism, despot- ism, absolute monarchy, arbitrary power, abso- lute power. Autocrat, «. Dictator, despot, unlimited mon- arch, absolute ruler. Autocratic, a. I. Absolute, despotic, unlimited. 2. Tyrannous, tyrannical, oppressive, over- bearing, disdainful, magisterial. See Arrogant. Automatic, a. Self-moving, self-acting. Autonomy, «. Self-government, independence, self-legislation. Autopsy, n. I. {Rare and pedantic.') Ocular evidence, personal examination. 2. Post-mortem examination, post-tnortent. Autumn, ». Fall, fall of the year, fall of the leaf. Auxiliary, a. Aiding, helping, assisting, ancil- lary, subsidiary, helpful. Auxiliary, «. Helper, assistant, coadjutor, ad- juvant, co-operative, ally, confederate. See Ac- cessory. Avail, V. a. Benefit, profit, be of advantage to. Avail, V. n. Be of advantage, do good, be of use, answer the purpose. Avail, n. Profit, advantage, benefit, use, utility, service. Available, a. I. To be availed of, to be turned to account. 2. Serviceable, useful, profitable, advantageous, beneficial. 3. Suitable or fit {for some Purpose), likely to answer the end- Avail one's self of. Use, employ, take advantage of, turn to account, make use of. Avails, «. pi. Proceeds, profits, returns. Avant-courier, «. {Fig.) Harbinger, forerunner, herald, precursor. Avant-guard, «. Van, advanced guard, vanguard. Avarice, n. Cupidity, covetousness, sordidness, graspingness. Avaricious, a. Grasping, greedy (of gain), sordid, close, close-fisted, hard-fisted, eager tor gain {for the sake of hoarding it). See Covetous. Avast, inter}. {Naut.) Hold, stop, stay, enough. Avaunt, inter j. Hence, begone, away, be off, get you gone. Avenge, v. a. I. Take satisfaction for, award just punishment for. 2. Revenge, vindicate {by pntnishment of an offender), inflict punishment in behalf of. Avengement, «. {Rare.) Avenging. Avenue, «. I. Passage, entrance, entry, access, way of approach, passage-way. See under Access. 2. Alley, walk, street, road, path. 3. Channel, route, way, pass. Aver, V. a. Assert, declare, asseverate, protest, avouch, allege, say, pronounce, predicate. See Affirm. Average, «. I. Medium, mean proportion, medial sum or quantity. 2. Mediocrity, medium grade, mean standard. AVERAGE 86 AYE Average, v. a. I. Equate, reduce to an average, reduce to a mean. 2. {Com.) Proportion, distribute proportion- ally. Average, v. «. Amount to, or result in {when the mean is taken ^ Average, a. I. Medial, medium, mean. 2. Middling, ordinary, passable, moderate, tolerable, well enough, pretty well, not bad. Averment, n. Affirmation, declaration, assertion, remark, asseveration, protestation, avowal, word. See Aver. AvernuS, n {Mythol.) Hell, Tartarus, Hades, Erebus, the lower world, the infernal regions, shades below. Averse, a. Unwilling, disinclined, indisposed, re- luctant, loath, backward, adverse, opposed. Aversion, n. I. Dislike, distaste, disrelish, disin- clination, reluctance, unwillingness, repugnance. 2. Antipathy, hatred, loathing, disgust, detes- tation, abhorrence, horror. Avert, V. a. I. Turn aside, turn away, turn oflF. 2. Prevent, divert, preclude, ward off, keep off. See FOREFEND. Avid, a. {Rare.) Eager, greedy. Avidity, n. I. Eagerness, longing, yearning, intense desire. 2. Greediness, craving, voracity, voracious- ness, rapacity, ravenousness, canine appetite. aX?!^o+/?' \ «• Alligator-pear, Persea gratissima, AvoStO,) avocado-pear. Avocation, n. I. Vocation, calling, business, occupation, trade, employment. 2. Occasional business {business that calls eiside), distraction, hindrance, interruption, by- business, by-concernment. Avoid, V. a. I. Shun {in a negative sense, or denoting care only without positive exertion), eschew, escape, elude, keep away from, keep aloof from, keep out of the way of, withdraw from, keep clear of, be shy of, fight shy of, have nothing to do with. 2. Forbear, refrain from, help (after cannot), Avoset, n. Scooper. Avonch, V. a. Assert, asseverate, declare, pro- test, allege, say, maintain. See Affirm. Avow, V. a. I. Acknowledge, confess, own, admit. 2. Declare. See Affirm. Avowal, n. Acknowledgment, confession, decla- ration, profession. Avowedly, ad. Confessedly, as freely acknowl- edged. Await, V. a. I. Expect, abide, wait for, stay for, look for, be in readiness for. 2. Attend, be in store for, be prepared for, be ready for. Awake, a. I. Not asleep. 2. Attentive, watchful, vigilant, alive, on the alert. Awake, v. a. and V. n. See Awaken. Awaken, v. a. I. Awake, wake, rouse from sleep. 2. Arouse, excite, kindle, spur, incite, stimu- late, provoke, stir up. Awaken, w «. I. Wake, waken, be awakened, be roused from sleep. 2. Begin, become active, be aroused, be ex- cited, return to life, come to life. Awakening, n. I. Waking, awaking, coming out of sleep. 2. Arousing, kindling, quickening, coming to life. 3. Revival {of religion). Award, v. a. Adjudge, decree, assign, allot, grant, bestow. Award, «. Judgment, decree, adjudication, de- termination, decision, assignment, allotment, be- stowal, gift. Aware, a. Mindful, conscious, cognizant, ob- servant, apprised, sensible, percipient, convinced, persuaded. k:^2CSt ad. I. Absent, gone, off, from home, at a distance, not present 2. Begone, let us go. See Avaunt. Away with. I. Take away, put out of the way, destroy. 2. Bear, endure, tolerate, get on with. Awe, «. I. Reverence, veneration, reverential fear. 2. Dread, fearfulness, terror, fear. 3. Solemn exaltation, admiring solemnity, adoring wonder. Awe, V. a. I, Inspire with awe, solemnize, make reverent, fill with revering dread. 2. Overawe, intimidate, frighten, affright, daunt, cow. See Affright. Aweless, ) a. I, Destitute of awe, irreverent, Awless, S unrevering. 2. Inspiring no awe, undread, unsolemn, un- venerable, unimposing, unmajestic, unstately. Awe-struck, a I. Awed, inspired with awe, solemnized, solemn, reverent, revering, filled with solemn exaltation. 2. Dismayed, horrified, appalled, terrified, frightened, awe-stricken, horror-struck, over- whelmed. Awful, a. I. Dread, awe-inspiring, reverend, venerable, august, grand, stately, imposing, sol- emn, majestic. 2. Dreadful, fearful, horrible, horrid, horrify- ing, terrible, dire, direful, frightful, appalling, tremendous, overwhelming, alarming, porten- tous. Awhile, ad. For a time, for some time, some time, for a while. Awkward, a. I. Unskilful, bungling, unhandy, maladroit, inapt, clumsy, without dexterity. 2. Unwieldy, lumbering, unmanageable, in- convenient, unfit. 3. Uncouth, unrefined, unpolished, uncourtly, rude, rough, clumsy, coarse, wooden, inelegant, ungainly, untoward, ungraceful, stiff, constrained, uneasy, rustic, boorish, clownish, loutish, gawky, lubberly, slouching. Awn, n. Bristly appendage {of corn or grass), bristle, beard. Awned, a. {Bot.) Aristate, bearded, bristled, awny. Awning, «. Canopy, tilt, baldachino, baldaquin, or baldequin. Awnless, a. Beardless, unbearded, unbristled, without beard or bristles, destitute of awn. Awry, ad. I. Obliquely, asquint. See As- kance. 2. Perversely, wrong. See Athwart, 2. Awry, a. Oblique, slanting, distorted, crooked, wry. See Askant and Athwart. AxUla, n. [L. pi. Axillce.\ {Anat.) Armpit, hollow of the arm, axil. Axiom, n. I. Truism, self-evident proposition, intuitive truth, necessary truth. 2. Postulate^ settled principle {not of necessity true), proposition commonly received, assumed truth. Axiomatic, \a. Self-evident, certain, positive. Axiomatical, ) absolute, necessary, apodictic, a priori. Axis, n. I. Shaft, spindle, arbor. 2. Central line, line of symmetry, line of rota- tion, line of revolution. A^e,}-^- Yes. AYE 37 BADGER A:ye, ad. {Poetical.) Always, forever, evermore, continually, ceaselessly, unendingly, chaugelessly, unchangingly, immutably. A20te, «. Nitrogen. Azure, a. Blue, cerulean, sky-colored, sky-blue. Azure, «. I. Blue, sky-color, cerulean. 2. (With The prefixed.) The sky, heaven, welkin, empyrean, arch or expanse of heaven, blue expanse, expanse, depths of space, the ceru- lean vault B Babble, v.n. I. Prattle, jabber, chatter, gibber, talk inarticulately. 2. Prate, chat, gossip, palaver, tattle, be lo- quacious, talk idly or thoughtlessly. See Pratb. 3. Tell secrets, tattle, blab, let the cat out of the bag. Babble, v. a. I. Tell {foolishly), prate, utter, prate about. 2. Blab, let out, blab about {hither and thither). Babble, «. Prattle, palaver, chit-chat, gabble, twaddle, chatter, balderdash, platitude, flum- mery, fustian, wish wash, stuff, drivel, moon- shine, fudge, trash, nonsense, gibberish, gibble- gabble, small talk, idle talk, c-hildish or foolish talk, frothy discourse. See Prattle, n. Babblin?, «. I. Prattle. See Babble. 2. Garrulity, loquacity, loquaciousness, talka- tiveness. Babe, n. Infant, baby, nursling, suckhng, chit, brat, bantling (bairn), little one. Babel, «. Confusion, disorder, tumult, din, dis- cord, jargon, clamor, hubbub, pother, hurly- burly. Baby, «. Infant. See Babe. Babyhood, «. Infancy, babehood. Baccalatireate, « Degree of bachelor of arts. Baccate, a. {Bot.) Of a pulpy nature {like a berry). Bacchanal, «. Reveller, carouser, bacchanalian, roysterer, debauchee, bacchant. Bacchanal, a. Riotous, revelling, noisy, baccha- nalian. Bacchanalian, «. and a. See Bacchanal. Bacchanals, «. pi. Revelry, revels, orgies, ca- rousal, debauch, drunken frolic, potation, cora- potation, wassail, Saturnalia, drunken feasts. Back, «. I. Upper part, outer part. 2. Hinder part, posterior portion, rear, end. Back, a. I. Remote, on the frontier, away from the thicker settlements. 2. Hindmost, in the rear. 3. In a backward direction. [Used as a pre- fix, with hyphen. ] Back, ad. I. To the place of starting. 2. Backward, rearward, abaft, in the rear, toward what is behind. 3. Again, in return, in recompense. Back, V. a. I. Aid, second, support, counte- nance, favor, sustain, abet, side with, stand by, take part with, give support to, co-operate with, back up. See Assist. 2. Move backward, push backward, cause to go backward. Back, V. n. Move or go backward, retire, retreat, resile, withdraw, draw back. Backbite, v. a. Defame, traduce, malign, slander, revile, calumniate, libel, asperse, vilify, blacken, abuse, scandalize, speak ill of. Backbiter, «. Slanderer, defamer, traducer, ca- lumniator, libeller, maligner, reviler, vilifier, detractor. Backbitin^y «. Detraction, defamation, asper- sion, slander, calumny, contumely, abuse, ob- loquy. Backbone, «. I. Spine, spinal column, vertebral column. 2. Firmness, nerve, resolution, courage, pluck, hardihood, manhood, steadfastness, stability, de- cision, moral principle, stamina. Backhanded, a. I. Inclining to the left hand {as writing), sloping backward. 2. Outward and backward, with the back of the hand. 3. Indirect, unfair, unfavorable, backhand. Back-honse, « Privy, necessary, jakes, water- closet Back out. {Collog.) Withdraw from a bargain, not keep a promise, not stand to an engagement, retreat, withdraw, resile. Backslide, v «. Apostatize, fall off, fall away, break faith. Backslider, «. Apostate, deserter, renegade. Backsliding, «. Apostasy. Back up. Support, sustain, assist, aid, help. See Back. Backward, a. I. Unwilling, reluctant, loath, disinclined, indisposed, wavering, hesitating. See Averse. 2f. Dull, sluggish, slow, stupid, stolid. See Dull. 3. Late, tardy, behindhand, after the usual time. Backward, ) ad. Regressively, rearward, aback, Backwards, ) behind. See Abaft. Bad, a. ^ I. Evil, ill, baneful, baleful, deleterious, pernicious, mischievous, noxious, hurtful, inju- rious, detrimental, unwhole.some. 2. Wicked, depraved, abandoned, corrupt, un- principled, immoral, dishonest, unfair, disin- genuous, rascally, villanous. 3. Unlucky, unfortunate, unhappy. 4. Unwelcome, sad, _ saddening, disappoint- ing, untoward, depressing, discouraging, dis- tressing. 5. Vile, wretched, sorry, mean, shabby, scurvy, abominable. 6. Poor, inferior, imperfect, defective, incom- petent, ill-qualified. 7. Serious, severe, hard, heavy. Bad blood. Ill-will, malice, hatred, hate, venom. Bad faith. Perfidy, perfidiousness, traitorousness, dishonesty, unfairness, faithlessness, lack of fi- delity, want of jrood faith, breach of faith, Punic faith, punica fides or fides punica. Badee, «. I. Token of office, shield of office, oflS- cial star or emblem. 2. Emblem of membership, cognizance, device. 3. Emblem {of anything), sign, mark, token, stamp, brand. Badger, «. Bawson {or bawsin), brock. Badg:er, v. a. Persecute, tease, worry, harry, bait, annoy, vex, plague, harass, torment, pester, trouble, bother, hector. BADINAGE 88 BAND BadinagfCf «. [Fr.] Raillery, banter, asteism, persijflage, light talk, small talk, trifling or play- ful discourse. Baffle, V. a. I. Frustrate, foil, balk, thwart, defeat, mar, upset, check, neutralize, checkmate, undermine, circumvent. 2. Confound, bewilder, perplex, disconcert, out-general, out-manoeuvre. Bag, n. Sack, pouch, wallet, reticule. Bagatelle, «. [Fr ] IVifle, small matter, thing of no consequence or importance. Baggage, «. Luggage, personal effects, travelling effects, traps. Bagnio, «. I. Bath, bathing-house. 2. Brothel, stew, bawdy-house, house of pros- titution, house of ill-fame. Bail, n. I. Security, surety. 2. Handle {of a pail, etc.). Bail, V. a. Admit to bail. Bailiff, n. I. Deputy-sheriff, deputy-marshal, deputy-constable. 2. Overseer, under-steward, factor, manager, supervisor. Bairn, «. {.Scotch.^ Child, babe. Bait, V. a. I. Put bait upon. 2. Feed {animais), give feed to. 3. Worry, harry. See Badger, v. Bait, V. n. Take refreshment {07i ajourftey). Bait, «. I. Lure, decoy, allurenjent, enticement, temptation. 2. Refreshment {on a journey). Bake, v. a. I. Harden (by heat), dry up, parch, stiffen. 2. Cook (in the oven). Balance, «. I. Pair of scales. 2. Equipoise, equilibrium, equality of weight. 3. Comparison, comparative estimate, weigh- ing. 4. Excess, overplus, surplus, residue, remain- der. {Correct only o/ accounts.) 5. Counterpoise, equalizing agency, equalizer. 6. Moral or mental equilibrium, equipoise, poise, self-control, self-possession, all-sidedness, good proportion. Balance, v. a. I. Poise, keep in equipoise, hold in equilibrium. 2. Weigh {mentally), compare, estimate com- paratively. 3. Counterpoise, counteract, neutralize, coun- tervail, counterbalance, compensate, make up for. 4. {Com.) Equalize, make equal, square, adjust, clear. Balance, v. n. I. Be in equipoise or ecuilibrium, counterpoise each other, neutralize each other. 2. Cast accounts, keep accounts, reckon, make balances. Balance-fish, n. Hammer-fish, hammer-headed shark {Zygeena vulgaris). Bald, a. I. Without hair {on the head), hairless, destitute of hair. 2. Bare, treeless, verdureless, uncovered, un- sheltered, naked. 3. Unadorned, inelegant, prosaic, dull, meagre, vapid, tame. 4. Literal, unabated, unmitigated, undisguised, unvarnished, naked, bare. 5. Unsupported, bare, mere, uncorroborated, glaring. Baldachino, ) Baldaquin, \ n. Canopy, awning Baldeqnin, ) Balderdash, «. Verbiage, rodomontade, gascon- ade, rant, bombast, fustian, froth, palaver, twaddle, chatter, trash, stuff, bosh, platitude, flummery, fudge, jargon, nonsense, prate, prating. senseless prate, jabber, gibberish, gibb'e-gabble, gabble, drivel, frothy discourse, idle talk. Baldric, n. Shoulder-belt, bawdrick. Bale, n. I. Bundle, package. 2. Harm, injury, hurt, bane, ruin, mischief, calamity, misery. Baleen^ «. Whalebone. Bale-fire, «. Beacon-fire. Baleful, a. Hurtful, injurious, noxious, mischiev- ous, pernicious, calamitous, baneful, ruinous, deadly, fraught with evil. Balik, V. a. Disappoint, frustrate, defeat, foil, baffle, disconcert, thwart. Balky, a. [17. S.^ Perverse {said of a horse), unruly, refractory, wayward, contrary, stubborn, obstinate. Ball, n. I. Globe, sphere, round body, round or rounded <7r roundish part. 2. Missile {ofjire arms), bullet, shot, projec- tile. 3. Dance, entertainment of dancing, assembly, dancing-party. 4. Game of ball Ballad, «. Light poem, sentimental song. Ballad-monger, «. I. Seller or crier of ballads, street-song vender. 2. Poetaster, rhymester, would-be poet, maker of doggerel, versifier. Ballast, n. I. Weight {/or steadiness), ballast- ing, filling,_ packing. 2. Steadiness, consistency, stability, equipoise, balance, self-control, considerateness, foresight, prudence, discretion, judgment, sense, good sense, sound sense. Ballast, V. a. I. Put ballast into. 2. Render firm or steadfast, etc. See the noun, under 2. Ballasting, «. Ballast. Ballooning, «. Aeronautics, aerostation, balloonery. Balloonist, «. Aeronaut, aerial navigator. Ballot, n. I. Voting-ticket, ticket, voting-ball. 2. Vote, total vote, number of voters, votes cast. Ballot, V. n. Vote, cast votes, take a vote, take a ballot. Balm, n. I. Ointment, fragrant or precious oint- ment, unguent. 2. Healing, soothing, mitigant, assuager, ano- dyne, cure. Balmy, a. I. Soothing, refreshing, healing, eas- ing, assuaging, lenitive, sedative. 2. Fragrant, odoriferous, odorous, aromatic, aromatous, ambrosial, spicy, sweet-smelling, sweet-scented, sweet. Baltimore oriole. Golden robin, hang-bird, fiery hang-bird {Icterus Baltimore or Oriolus Balti- more) Bamboozle, v. a. Deceive, cheat, dupe, beguile, mislead, inveigle, gull, trick, chouse, overreach, circumvent, defraud, mystify, hoax, impose on, practise upon, mislead. Ban, n. I. Proclamation, edict. 2. Curse, malediction, excommunication, de- nunciation, execration, anathema. 3. Interdiction, interdict, prohibition, outlawry, prohibitory penalty. Ban, V. a. I. Curse, execrate, anathematize, male- diet. 2. Interdict, imban, outlaw, put under ban or prohibition. Band, «. I. Tie, ligature, ligament. 2. Cord, chain, fetter, manacle, shackle, bond. 3. Bandage, fillet, binding, dncture, girth, belt. 4. Company {especially of instrumental tnu- sicians), troop, gang, crew, horde, party, body, club, junto, coterie, clique, society, sodality, association. BANDAGE 39 BARELY Bandag:e> «. Fillet, band, binding, cincture, belt. Bandit* «. Outlaw, robber, brigand, freebooter, footpad, highwayman, marauder. Banditti, «. Pl' Band of outlaws or robbers. Bandy, v. a. I. Toss, toss about, toss to and fro, agitate, dispute about. , 2. Exchange, interchange, give and take. Bandy, a. Crooked, bent, hov/-(le^ged). Bane, «. I. Poison, venom. 2. Pest, scourge, curse, ruin, destruction, harm, injury. See Bale. Baneful, a. I. Poisonous, venomous. 2. Destructive, noxious, hurtful, injurious, pernicious, mischievous, deadly, ruinous, fraught with evil. See Baleful. Banewort, «. Belladonna, dwale, dead'y-night- shndo. (A tro^a belladonna). Bang, V. a. I. Beat, thump, pound, strike, knock, maul, pommel, thrash, cudgel, thwack, handle roughly, deal roughly with. 2. Slam, shut with a bang. Ban^, V. n. Ring, rattle, resound, re-echo, clatter. Bang, «. I. Clang, clangor, whang. 2. Blow, thump, whack, thwack, lick, knock. Banian, «. {Bot.) Indian fig-tree {Ficus Indica). Same as Banyan. Banish, v. a. I. Exile, expatriate, ostracize, ex- pel from the country. 2. Exclude, expel, dismiss, dispel, shut out, drive away, put out of mind. Banishment, «. Exile, expatriation, ostracism, expulsion, proscription. Bank, «. I. Mound, knoll, rising ground, heap, pile, tumulus, dike 2. Shore, brim, brink, margin, marge, border, bound, rim, rivage. 3. Shoal, shallow, bar, sandbank, syrtis. 4. Bench, thwart, beam, rowing-beam. 5. Row, tier, course. 6. Banking-house, (one's) banker's, the money- lender's, the usurer's. Bank, v. a. I. Embank, dike, surround with a bank 2. Deposit (/« the bank), lay up, put in the bank. Bank, v. ». Have one's account, keep one's funds, conduct one's business, do banking, make one's transactions. Bankrupt, a. Insolvent. Bankrupt, «. Insolvent debtor. Bankruptcy, «. Insolvency. Banner, «. Flag, standard, streamer, ensign, pennon, colors. Banquet, « Feast, entertainment, regalement, treat. Banquet, v. «. Feast, be regaled with good eating and drinking. Banquet, v. a. Treat with a banquet or feast, regale, entertain festally, feast. Banter, v. a. Jeer, joke, rally, quiz, chaff (c^//^?^), ridicule, twit, deride, mock, make fun of, make sport of, make merry with, play upon, make a butt of. Banter, «. Raillery, ridicule, mockery, derision, Persiflage, pleasantry, badinage, asteism, joking, jesting, quizzing, ch^ii {collog.). Bantlinj, «. Infant, babe, baby, chit, brat, nurs- ling, suckling, bairn, little child, little one, young one. Baptize, V. a. I. Administer baptism to. 2. Christen. Bar, «, I. Rod, pole, grating, cross-piece, cast- ing, ingot. 2. Obstacle, hindrance, obstruction, barrier, barricade, stop, impediment. 3. Rail, railing. 4. Tribunal, judgment-seat. 5. Body of lawyers, legal fraternity. 6. Shoal, sand-bank, shallow, bank, sandbar. Bar, V. a. I. Fasten with a bar. 2. Hinder, obstruct, stop, prevent, prohibit, restrain. 3. Exclude, shut out. Barb, «. I. Beard (or excrescences like a beard), wattles. 2. Guard {of a hook, etc.), beard, point, guarded or bearded point. 3. Horse {o/ the Barbary breed). Barb, v. a. Point, fit with barbs, beard. Barbadoes tar. Petroleum, rock-oil, Seneca oil, mineral pitch, mineral tar, mineral oil. Barbarian, «. I. Savage. 2. Brute, ruffian, brutal monster. Barbarian, a. I. Uncivilized, rude, savage, bar- barou.s, barbaric. 2. Inhuman, brutal, cruel, unfeeling, ruthless, truculent, ferocious, fierce, fell, bloody, brutish. See Barbarous. Barbaric, a. I. Barbarian, barbarous, uncivilized, rude, savage, untamed. 2. Gaudy, uncouth, coarse, coarsely showy, outlandish, unrefined, wild, untamed, unregulated, capricious, riotous, coarseiy luxuriant. Barbarism, ». I. Savagism, savage state, sav- agery, barbarous state, uncivilized condition. 2. Rudeness, roughness, brutality, savageness, harshness, destructiveness, vandalism. 3. Impurity (of diction), impropriety, unau- thorized expression. 4. Atrocity, outrage, act of cruelty or barbarity, brutality. Barbarity, «• Cruelty, savageness, barbarousness, brutality, brutishiiess, ferociousness, ferocity, in- humanity, truculence, hardness of heart, manners of a barbarian. Barbarous, a. I. Uncivilized, rough, coarse, rude, untutored, ignorant, unlettered, unculti- vated, untamed, savage, barbarian, barbaric. 2. Cruel, inhuman, brutal, brutish, unfeeling, ferocious, ruthless, fell, truculent, fierce, bloody, savage. 3. Uncouth {as a word or an expression), harsh, rugged, vulgar, contrary to good usage, full of impurities, full of infelicities. Barbe, ) «. I. Housing, piece of housing. Barb, ) 2. Horse-armor, horse-mail (horse- armor), boss. Barbed, a. I. Bearded. 2. Clad in armor {said of horses), mailed, in barbes, furnished with barbes. Barberry, «. Pepperidse-bush or pipperidge- bush {Berber's vulgaris). Bard, «. I. HarjDer, minstrel, poet. 2. Larding-strip, hrding-bacon, bacon-strip. Barde, «. Horse-trappings, horse-armor, barbes. Barded, a. Caparisoned, armed, barbed. Bare, a. I. Naked, nude, denuded, uncovered, unclothed, undressed, exposed, unprotected, un- sheltered, unshielded, detected. 2. Simple, sheer, mere, alone. 3. Unadorned, bald, undecorated, unfurnished, meagre. 4. Poor, destitute, indigent, ill-supplied, empty. Bare, v. a. Strip, uncover, make bare. See pre- cedinc adjective. Bareback, a. and ad. Without a saddle, on an unsaddled horse. Barebacked, a. Unsaddled. Barefaced, a. I. Undisguised, unreserved, un- concealed, palpable, conspicuous, glaring, no- table, notorious. 2. Impudent, presumptuous, brazen, shame- less, audacious. Barely, ad. I. Pooriy, meagrely, slenderly, meanly. 2. Merely, simply, only, just. BARGAIN 40 BATTLE Bargatlli «. I. Compact, agreement, stipulation, covenant, contract, convention, concordat, treaty, indenture, transaction. 2. Purchase, getting, proceeds, result 3. Cheap purchase, purchase on favorable terms, good bargain. Bargain* v. n. Contract, agree, stipulate, cove- nant, make a bargain. Bargain, v. a. Sell, transfer, convey. [With Barge, «. I. Vessel of state, pleasure-boat, barque. 2. Boat of burden, transport. Barilla, n. Carbonate of soda (impure), kelp. Bark, v. «. Yelp, bay. Bark at. Clamor at, decry, cry down, carp at, asperse. See Asperse. Bark up the wrong tree. {Collog.) Mistake, err, make a mistake, be in the wrong box, on the wrong scent, or on the wrong track. Barm, «. Yeast, ferment, leaven. Barmecide, a. Delusive, illusory, tantalizing, mock, make-believe, sham, unsatisfying, vision- ary, unsubstantial, unreal. Barmy, a. Yeasty. Barren, a. I. Unprolific, sterile, childless, infec- und, incapable of bearing offspring. 2. Destitute of fruit, sterile, acarpous. 3. Unfertile, unproductive, sterile, poor, bare. 4. Ineffectual, uninstructive, unsuggestive, infecund, leading to nothing, unproductive. Barricade, n. obstruction {as in the streets of a city^ to serve as a fortification). See Barrier. Barricade, v. a. obstruct, block up, stop up, for- tify hastily. Barrier, «. Obstruction, obstacle, hindrance, bar, barricade, stop, impediment. Barrister, «. Advocate {admitted to plead at the bar), counsellor, counsel, lawyer, attorney at law, limb of the law, member of the bar. Barrow, «. I. Wheelbarrow, handbarrow. 2. Mound, hillock. 3. Hog {especially a castrated hog). Barter, v. «. Make exchanges, traffic by ex- changes, traffic, trade, bargain. Barter, v. a. Give in exchange, barter away, bar- gain away, traffic away, trade off. Barter, «. Exchange, traffic by exchange. Barter away. See Barter. Baryta, n. Oxide of barium. Barytes, «. Heavy spar, sulphate of baryta. Base, a. I. Inferior, of little or no worth, cheap, worthless. 2. Debased, spurious, counterfeit, false. 3. Plebeian, vulgar, untitled, nameless, lowly, humble, unknown, uuhonored, base-born, of low birth. 4. Mean, despicable, contemptible, beggarly, sordid, servile, slavish, menial, sorry, worthless, {)itiful, low-minded, rascally, abject, grovelling, ow, venal. 5. Shameful, disreputable, disgraceful, dis- creditable, dishonorable, scandalous, infamous, vile, villanous. Base, n. I. Basis, foundation, ground, ground- work, lowest part, bottom, foot. 2. {Surveying^ Base-line. 3. {Chem ) Principal element (<2/'«<:o»«/£'««d?) Base, V. a. Found, rest, establish. [Followed by on or upon.\ Base-bom, a. See Base, a., 3. Base-line, «. {Surveying.) Base. Basement, «. Ground-floor, lowest story, basement story Base-minded, a. Mean, low, vile, grovellinc;, beggarly^ pitiful, despicable, abject, low-minded, mean-spmted. , «. I. Meanness, despicableness, con- temptibleness, abasement, worthlessness, abject- ness. 2. Disgrace, ignominy, infamy, shame, dis- honor, turpitude, villany, perfidy. Ba^btul, a. Shy, timid, timorous, coy, diffident, sheepish, shamefaced, over-modest, not self- possessed. Baslitulness, «. Shyness, timidity, coyness, diffi- dence, self-distrust, excessive modesty. Basilisk, n. Cockatrice. Basis, «. Base, foundation, ground, groundwork, lowest part. Bask, V. 71. I. Lie warming, warm one's self joyously, luxuriate. 2. Rejoice, be shone upon, be bathed, revel, prosper. Bask, V. a. Bathe, warm, expose. Bass, a. {Mus.) Low, deep, grave. Basset, 2/. «. {Geol.) Crop out. Bassetting, «. Cropping out, out-crop. Bastard, «. Love-child, whoreson, illegitimate child, natural child. Bastard, a. I. Illegitimate, natural, spurious, base-born, misbegotten, whoreson. 2. Spurious, false, counterfeit, not genuine, pretended, sham, supposititious. Baste, V. a. I. Beat {with a stick), cudgel, cane, drub, thrash, buffet, pound, pommel. See Beat, I. 2. Moisten with fat. 3. Sew {with long stitches), stitch {loosely). Bastinado, «. Cudgelling, basting, beating {usu- ally on the soles of the feet). Bastinado, v. a. Cudgel, baste, beat {as above). Eat, n. I. Stick, club, cudgel, walking-stick. 2. Brickbat, broken brick. 3. Cheiropter, wing-handed mammal. 4. Pack-saddle. Batch, n. Quantity {as of bread, ore, etc., treated at one time), amount, lot, collection, crowd. Bate, V. a. Abate, lessen, diminish, decrease, reduce, rebate, remit, suppress, suspend, hold in, repress. Bathe, v. a. I. Wash, lave, immerse. 2. Flood, cover, suffuse. 3. Immerse, enwrap, infold. Bathe, v. n. I. Wash the body, go into a bath, take a bath, use the bath. 2. Be immersed, float, be streamed upon, lie beneath, lie floating. Bathes, n. Anticlimax, false sublime, moral sub- lime, sham exaltation, the fatal step from the sublime to the ridiculous, bombast. Bating, prep. Except, excepting, barring, deduct- ing. Baton, n. Staff, truncheon, wand, rod, sceptre, staff of office. Batten, «. Wooden strip. Batten, v. a. I. Fasten with battens. 2. Fatten, make fat. Batten, v. n. Grow fat, fatten, thrive. Batter, v. a. I. Beat, smite, pelt, dash against 2. Bruise, break, shatter, shiver, smash, de- molish, destroy, strike down, knock down, shake to pieces, shiver to pieces. 3. Indent, wear, wear away, abrade, deface, mar, disfigure. Batter, v. n. I. Attack by battering, employ battery. 2. {Masonry^ Incline, slope, recede, retreat, slope backward. Batter, «. I. Paste, liquid paste. 2. Batsman, striker. 3. {Masonry.) Slope backward. Battle, «. Combat, engagement, action, conflict, contest, fight, rencontre, collision, affair. BATTLE 41 BEARING Battle, V. n. Contend, struggle, strive, do battle, fight, contest, desperately endeavor. [Usually with/<»r.] Battle array. Order of battle, line, line of battle. Battled, a. Embattled, battlemented, bristling with battlements. Bauble* I «. Trinket, gewgaw, toy, trifle, play- Bawble, j thing, gimcrack, knack, knick-knack. Bavta, «. Fagot, twig, bough, brushwood. Bavin, a. Brushy, fagot-like, twiggy. Bavin, v. a. Kid, bundle, make into fagots, make into bavins. Bawd, «. Procurer or {more commotdy) procur- ess, pander, pimp. Bawdry, «. I. Pandering, playing pimp or pro- curess. 2. Fornication, whoredom, whoring, lechery, licentiousness, illicit intercourse. 3. Obscenity, impurity, lewd talk, smut, in- decency, filthy language Bawdy, a. Obscene, filthy, indecent, impure, lewd, smutty, unchaste. Bawdy-house, «. Brothel, stew, bagnio, house of prostitution, house of ill-fame. Bawl, V. n. and v. a. Clamor, vociferate, yell, howl, roar, shout, hoot, cry, squall. Bay, a. Reddish-brown. Bay, «. I. Bight, inlet of the sea. 2. Recess {as in a room), opening. 3. Compartment. 4. Bay-tree, laurel-tree {Laurus nobilis), sweet laurel. 5. Baywood, Campeachy mahogany. 6* Laurel-crown, chaplet, laurel, garland, fame, renown, glory, honor, plaudits, praise, ap- plause. 7. Bark, barking, baying, yelp. 8. Desperation, last resort, facing for life, life-and-death struggle. 9. Check, thwart, one's distance. Bay, V. n. Bark, yelp. Bay, V. a. Bark at, pursue with baying. BaylWrry, «. Wax-myrtle {Myrica ceriferd). Bay-rum, «. Spirit of Myrcia {rum. distilled with the leaves of Myrcia acris). Bays, «. //. I. Crown, garland, wreath, chaplet, honorary distinction. 2. Renown, fame, honors, plaudits, glory, praise, applause. Bay-salt, «. Common salt {as obtained by evapo- ration of sea-water'), chloride of sodium. Bay-tree, «. Bay, laurel-tree, sweet laurel. Bazaar, ) «. I. Market-place, exchange, market. Bazar, ) mart. 2. Fancy fair, fair, charity fair. Be, V. n. \_/n its substantive sense."] Exist (whether in fact or in imagination), subsist, have existence, have being. Beach, «. Strand, sands, margin, marge, rim, shore, sandy shore, shingly margin. Beach, v. a. Run ashore, put aground, strand. Beacon, «. I. Signal-fire. 2. Mark, sign, signal. Beacon, v. a. Illumine, light, illuminate, en- Hghten, guide, signal. Beacon, v. «. Give light, signal, shine, gleam, brighten, flame. Bead, n. I. Globule, pellet {perforated for stringing). 2. Drop, droplet, pearly drop, bubble, blob. 3. Moulding, astragal. Bead, v. a. I. Mould, decorate with a moulding. 2. Deck with beads, raise into beads. Beadle, «. I. Court crier, servitor, apparitor, summoner. 2. Bedell, university mace-carrier. 3. Church servitor, parish petty-constable: Bead-roll, «. Roll (of honor), list, catalogue, roster. Beads, « pi. Rosary. Beadsman, ) n. Intercessor, pleader, one's Beadswoman, \ humble or obedient servant, one's to command, etc. Beagle, «. Hare-hound, harrier {but inaccurately so callecT). Beak, «. I. Bill, mandible, neb. 2. Prow, bow, stem Beaker, «. Dnnking-cup, goblet, bowl, cup. Beam, «. I. Girder, piece of timber. 2. Ray, pencil, streak, gleam. See Glim- mer. Beam, v. n. Shine, emit rays, gleam, ghsten, glitter, beacon. Beam, v a. Shoot forth, emit in rays or beams. Beamy, a. I. Radiant, beaming, gleaming, shin- ing, glancing. 2. Radiant, joyous, gladsome, gladdening, sparkling. 3. Beam-like, huge, ponderous, sturdy, thick, unwieldy. Bear, v. a. I. Uphold, support, sustain, hold up. 2. Carry, transport, convey, waft. 3. Possess, have, hold. 4. Endure, suffer, undergo, brook, tolerate, abide, put up with, bear with, take patiently or easily, have patience with, submit to. 5. Admit, permit, allow, admit of, be capable of 6. Maintain, keep up, carry on. 7. Entertain, cherish, harbor. 8. Be answerable, accountable, or responsible for, be charged with. 9. Produce, yield. 10. Bring forth, give birth to. 11. Exhibit, utter, show, give. " •, V. n. I. Suffer, submit. 2. Press, push, be oppressive. 3. Be fruitful, be prolific. 4. Act, take effect, operate, work, succeed. 5. Tend, relate, refer, be pertinent, concern, affect. 6. {Naut.) Be situated {with respect to the point of compass). Bear, « I. Bruin. 2. Growler, grumbler, snarler, surly old fel- low, bundle of irritability. 3. Speculator on a fall, depredator of the market, growler down of stocks. Bearable, a. Tolerable, endurable, supportable. Bear a hand. I. {Naut.) Be quick, make haste. 2. {Colloq.) Lend a hand, help, aid, assist. Beard, «. I. Whiskers, hirsute appendage. 2. Guard. See B.arb. Beard, v. a. I. Seize or pluck by the beard, pull one's beard. {In contempt.) 2. Defy, bid defiance to, oppose to the face. Bear date. Be dated. Bearded, a. I. Whiskered, wearing a beard. 2. Barbed, pointed. 3. {Bot.) Aristate, awned, bristled, bristly. Bear down. I. Overcome, crush, put down, re- press. 2. Overthrow, overwhelm, crush, overbear- Bear down upon. I. Attack, assail, assault, charge, advance upon, move upon, march upon, march against, set upon, rush upon. 2. {Naut.) Sail toward, approach, move to close quarters with. Bear-grass, «. Yucca, Adam's needle, Spanish bayonet. Bearing, «. I. Deportment, demeanor, behavior, conduct, carriage, mien, air. port. 2. Relation, dependency, connection. BEARINGS 42 BECALM 3. Endurance, suflfering, enduring, patience, long-suftering. 4. Direction, course, aim, aspect, point of compass. 5. Import, effect, force, meaning, scope, com- P^ss. 6. Producing, bringing forth, yielding fruit or increase. 7. Socket, bed, receptacle. Beatings, «. //. charges {in coats of arms). Bearish, a. Rough, rude, coarse, savage, boor- ish, uncivil, uncourteous, discourteous, impolite, ungentlemanly. Bear one's seli. Behave, acquit one's self, con- duct one's self, deport one's self, demean one's self. Bear out. Maintain, support, defend, uphold, jus- tify, make good, vindicate, corroborate, confirm, sustain. Bear the bell. Be the leader, rank foremost, carry the day, bear the palm. Bear the cross. Take up the cross, submit to trials or afflictions, endure hardness or hardship. Bear the palni. Excel, be superior. See Bear THE Bell. Bear Up. I. {Active.) Support, uphold, sustain, keep from falling. 2. (Passive.) Stand firm, show fortitude. Bear with, bee Bear, 4. Bear witness. Testily, depose, state, affirm, de- clare, aver, avow, say, swear. Beast, n. I. Quadruped, beast of the field, four- footed creature. 2. Brute, irrational animal. 3. Brutal or bestial person, brute, savage, sensualist, clod. Beastly, a. Brutish, brutal, bestial, sensual, coarse, repulsive, inhuman, abominable, vile, filthy, loathsome. Beat, V. a. I. Strike, knock, hit, thump, be- thump, belabor, drub, maul, pommel, baste, thrash, thwack, bang, whack, pound, punch, cudgel, cane, whip, bufifet, lay blows upon. 2. Hammer, forge 3. Pound, bruise, pulverize, comminute, bray, break in pieces. 4. Batter, smite, pelt, dash against 5. Conquer, overcome, subdue, vanquish, overpower, defeat, checkmate. 6. {Colloq) Excel, surpass, outdo, cut out. Beat, V. n. I. Pulsate, throb. 2. Dash, strike. 3, {Naut.) Go against the wind, go a zigzag course. Beat, n. I. Stroke, striking, blow, 2. Pulsation, throb, beating. 3. Round, course. Beat back. Repulse, repel, drive back. Beat down. I. Batter, overturn, destroy, break, throw down. 2. Subdue, overpower, overcome, crush, put down. 3. Press down {by blows), lay flat. Beaten, a. I. Worn by use, much travelled. 2. Hackneyed, trite, threadbare, common, common-place. 3. Defeated, baffled, dispirited. Beat hollow. {Colloq. ) Surpass completely, excel bevond all question, beat out-and-out. Beatific, a. Ravishing, enchanting, enrapturing, rapturing, enravishing, enravished, raptured, en- raptured, rapturous, ecstatic, transporting, en- chanting, enchanted, transported, rapt. Beatification, «. I. Beatifying {especially the act of the Po/>e in declaring a person happy after death). 2. Bliss, blessedness. See Beatitude. Beatify, v. a. I. Enrapture, rapture, enchant, transport, enravish, ravish, make happy. 2. Pronounce in bliss {by the Pope's official act). BeatlJlg:, «. I. Striking, drubbing, flogging, thrashing, cudgelhng, pommeihng, caning, flag- ellation, pounding, thumping, basting, bastina- doing. 2. Beat, pulsation, throb, throbbing. Beat into. {Colloq. ) Teach {by laborious effort), nistil, mculcate. implant. Beatitude, «. I. Bliss, felicity, blessedness, bliss- fulness, beatification, holy joy, solemn ecstasy, heavenly joy, peace that passeth understandiiig, ecstasy serene. 2. Encomium of virtue {by our Lord in the Sermon on the Mount), declaration of blessed- ness, blessing of the righteous. Be at loggerheads. Have fallen out, be at odds, be at variance, be disputing, quarrelling, or fight- ing. Beat out. I. Flatten {by hammering), atten- uate. 2. Expand, amplify, attenuate, render diffuse. 3. Exhaust, overcome {with fatigtic). Beat the air. Make vain efforts, waste one's efforts, try in vain, lash the waves, fish in the air, plough the sands. Beau, n I. Fop, dandy, coxcomb, exquisite, macaroni, popinjay, jackanapes, jack-a-dandy, man of dress, carpet knight, ladies' man. 2. Gallant, lover, admirer, suitor, sweetheart, cicisbeo. Beau ideal. [Fr.] Ideal beauty, ideal excellence, ideal standard, ideal, realized ideal, perfection, consummation, consummate flower. Beau-monde, «. [Fr.] Gay worid, fashionable world, people of fashion, world of fashion, ele- gant world, people of gayety. Beauteous, a. (Poetical.) See Beautiful. Beauties, n. pi. I. Anthology, selections, elegant extracts, fine passages. 2. Beautiful trails, features, or characteristics, attractions, charms. 3. Beautiful women, belles, fair ones. Beautiful, a. Handsome, fair, fine, elegant, graceful, beauteous. Btautify, v. a. Adom, decorate, embellish, deck, bedeck, ornament, emblazon, gild, array, gar- nish, grace, set, trick out, set off, make beautiful. Beauty, «• I. Elegance, grace, symmetry. 2. Comeliness, seemliness, fairness, loveliness, attractiveness. 3. Fine part, special grace, particular excel- lence, beautiful trait, feature, or characteristic, attraction, charm. 4. Beautiful woman, belle. Beaux-eSpritS, «. pi. [Fr.j Wits, men of wit, men of genius. Beaver, «. I. Fur of the beaver. 2. Hat. 3. Face-guard {of a helmet), bever, bevor. Be beat out. Be exhausted, be fagged, be worn out, be tired out, be greatly fatigued- Be brought to bed. Be confined, he in, be in child-bed, be in the straw. BecafiCO, n. Fig-eater, fig-pecker, greater petty- chaps, garden warbler, becafigo, beccafico (Syl- via hortensis). Be called. Be named, go by the name of, take the name of, pass under the name of. Becalm, v. a. I. Quiet, soothe, still, calm, tran- quillize, pacify, appease, make calm, make tran- quil. 2. Detain by a calm {as a ship), affect, over- take, or surround by a calm. BE CAST AWAY 43 BEG Be cast away. I. Be thrown aside, be rejected, j discarded. 2. Be shipwrecked. 3. Be lost {morally), ruined, given over, cast out, outcast, or reprobate (d). Because, conj. For, since, as, for the cause that, for the reason tiiat, on this account that, inas- much as. Because of. On account of, by reason of, by cause of, by virtue of, on the ground of, owing to, due to, for, from, through, by. Beccabunga, n. Brooklime, broklympe, veronica. Beccamoschino, «. Fantail warbler. Bechance, v. a. Befall, happen to. Becharm, v. a. Charm, captivate, enchant, en- chain, fascinate, cast a spell on. Beche-de-mer, «. [Fr.] Trepang, sea-cucumber, sea-slug, holothuria. Beck, n. I. Nod, bow, beckon, knowing look or gesture, gesture of invitation or command. 2. Brook, brooklet, rill, run, runlet, runnel. 3. Vat, dye-vat, back. Beck, V. a. Beckon, nod to, signal to come, in- vite by signs. Beck, V. n. Nod, beckon, gesture invitingly or commandingly. Beckon, v. n. Make a sign, give a signal, call or invite by gesture. Beckon, v. a. Call by a sign or signal, mvite, wave toward one. Becloud, z^ . ^. Dim, bedim, obscure, darken, be- darken, cloud. Become, v. «. Get, grow, turn to, change to, be changed to, be converted mto, be turned into, be transformed into, get to be, come to be. Become, v. a. Suit, befit, adorn, set off, be suit- able to, be proper for, be appropriate to. Become of. Be the fate of, be the end of, be the final condition of, befall, bechance, happen to, be the place or whereabouts of. Becoming, a. I. Fit, proper, suitable, meet, ap- propriate, congruous, right, seemly, decorous. 2. Comely, graceful, neat, pretty. Be confined. I. Be restrained, be shut up, be shut in. 2. Be brought to bed, lie in, be in child-bed, be delivered, come to labor, be in travail, be in the straw. Bed, «. I. Couch, berth, resting-place, place to sleep in. 2. Channel, hollow, depression. 3. Receptacle, resting-place, foundation, base, support, underlayer. 4. Raised plot {of ground). 5. Layer, stratum, seam, vein, deposit, accu- mulation. Bed, V. a. Embed, set, lay. Bedaut), v. a. Smear, daub, besmear, soil, daub over. Bedeck, v. a. Adorn, decorate, embellish, beau- tify, ornament, deck, emblazon, gild, array, garnish , grace, bedizen, set out, set off, trick out. See Array. Bedew, v. a. Moisten, wet, damp, dampen, sprinkle, besprinkle. Bedim, v. a. Darken, bedarken, dim, obscure, cloud, becloud. Bedizen, v. a. Adom {gaudily), deck, bedeck, trick out, begawd, prank. Bedlam, «. Madhouse, lunatic hospital, lunatic asvlum, hospital for the insane. Bedlamite, «. Madman, lunatic, maniac, crazy person, insane person, deranged person. Bedotiin, «. Nomadic Arab. Bedridden, a. Confined to bed. Beef, «. Flesh of neat-cattle. Bee-house, n. Apiary, beehive- Bee-line, n. Straight line, right line, air-line, shortest distance, most direct line. Beelzebub, «. {Popular error for folloiving word- ) Beelzebul, «. Beelzebub {popularly), Satan, Prince of Demons. See Apollvon. Bee-moth, «. Wax- moth. Beetle, «. I. Mallet, maul. 2. Coleopter, scarabaeus, scarab, scarabee, clock. Beetle, v. n. Protrude, project, jut, jut out, hang over. Beetle-head, «. Simpleton, fool. See Dunce. Beetle -headed, a. Dull, stupid, obtuse, foolish, senseless, witless, insensible, sluggish, stolid, mindless, brainless, weak-headed, addle-headed, addle-pated, blunder-headed, muddle-headed, beef-witted, bovine, fat-headed, dull-brained, shallow-brained, lack-witted, short-witted, dull- witted, blunt-witted, shallow-pated, clod-pated, thick-skulled, wanting, heavy, doltish, sottish, blockish, wooden-headed, dunderheaded, bull- headed, slow, slow of apprehension, void of un- derstanding. Beeves, «. //. Neat-cattle. Befall, V. a. Betide, overtake, bechance, happen to. Befall, V. n. Happen, chance, betide, supervene, occur, take place, come to pass. Befit, V. a. Suit, fit, become, be suitable or proper for, be appropriate for, comport with, be \\\ keeping with. Befitting, a. Becoming, suitable, fit, proper, right, meet, seemly, appropriate, congruous, decorous. Befog, V. a. I. Cover with fog, shroud in fog, wrap in mist. 2. Confuse, mystify, muddle, obfuscate, puz- zle, perplex, embarrass, bewilder. Befool, V. a. Infatuate, fool, dupe, deceive, de- lude, cheat, chouse, trick, hoax, stultify, hood- wink, circumvent, overreach, beguile, impose upon, practise upon, play upon, make a fool of. See Bamboozle. Before, prep. I. Preceding, in advance of, ahead of, in front of, in the van of. 2. Prior to, previous to. 3. In the presence of, face to face with, in the sight of. 4. Near the front of, in front of. 5. Under the jurisdiction, judgment, control, or notice of. Before, ad. I. Toward the front. 2. In advance, farther onward, ahead. 3. Formerly, in time past, of old, already, previously. 4. Hitherto, up to that time. 5. Above, in a former part, in a previous place or passage. Beforehand, ad. Previously, in anticipation, in advance. Beforehand, a. Forehanded, in comfortable cir- cumstances {as respects property), well off, well to do. Before the wind. With the wind, in the direction of the wind. Befoul, V. a. Soil, pollute, daggle, draggle, foul, bemire, dirty. See Bedaub. Befriend, v. a. Favor, encourage, patronize, countenance, help, aid, benefit, act as a friend to, do a good turn for, be kind to. See Assist. Beg, V. a. I. Crave, solicit, beseech, pray, im- plore, supplicate, conjure, importune, petitiori, request, ask, pray for, petition for, seek by peti- tion, sue for, ask earnestly. 2. Crave permission, solicit leave, desire earn- estly, take leave, take the liberty, demand. BEG 44 BELEAGUER 3. Assume, take for granted, assume without proof, or without warrant. Beg, V. n. Solicit charity, ask alms. Beg:awd, v. a. Bedeck (tawdrily), prank. See Bedizen. Beget, V. a. I. Generate, procreate, engender, breed, get, be the father of. 2. Produce, originate, give rise to, lead to, bnng about. Beggar, «. Mendicant, pauper, starveling, poor • or indigent person. Beggar, v. a. I. Impoverish, ruin, render poor, reduce to poverty, bring to want. 2. Exhaust, surpass, exceed, baffle, go beyond, be above, put at fault, show to be inadequate. Beggarly, a. I. Destitute, indigent, needy, poor. 2. Sorry, mean, abject, base, low, paltry, shabby, vile, scurvy, miserable, contemptible, despicable, pitiful, pitiable, servile, slavish, grov- elling, mean-spirited, niggardly, stingy, scant, wretched, miserly, stinted. Beggar 'S-lice, n. Goose-grass [Galium, apa- rine). Beggary, «• Poverty, indigence, penury, destitu- tion, want, distress, mendicancy, mendicity. Begin, v. n. I. Originate, arise, take rise. 2. Commence, make a beginning, take the first step, break ground, break the ice. Begin, v. a. Commence, initiate, inaugurate, in- stitute, originate, start, enter upon, set about, set on foot, set in operation, set going. Beginner, n. I. Originator, starter, author, in- itiator, inaugurator, prime mover. 2. Tyro, novice, learner, neophyte. Beginning, n. I. Commencement, outset, open- ing, start, initiation, inauguration, inception, rise, arising, emergence. 2. Origin, source, rise. Begird, v. a. I. Gird, bind with a girdle. 2. Surround, encompass, environ, encircle, enclose, engird. Begone, inter j. I. Depart, avaunt, go away, haste away, be off, get thee gone. 2. Away, let us go, let us be off. Begrim, v- a. Defile, befoul, besmirch, bedaub, pollute, cover with filth. Begrudge, v. a. Grudge, envy the possession of Beguile, v. a. I. Delude, cheat, deceive. See Befool. 2. Divert, amuse, entertain, cheer, solace, while away. Behalf, «. Benefit, advantage, convenience, profit, interest, account, behoof, support, de- fence. Be hanged. Come to the gallows. Behave, v. n. Act, conduct one's self, deport one's self, demean one's self, acquit one's self, behave one's self. Behave one's self . I. See Bhhave. 2. Do right, avoid doing wrong, keep orderly, conduct one's self well. Behavior, n. Deportment, bearing, demeanor, car- riage, manner, mien, air, port. See Conduct. Behead, v. a. Decapitate, decollate, deprive of the head. Beheading, n. Decapitation, decollation. Behest, n. Command, commandment, mandate, order, precept, injunction, direction, charge, bid- ding, best. Behind, /rc?>. I. Abaft, at the back of, in the rear of. 2. After, following. Behind, ad. I. Backward, back. 2. Abaft, aft, astern, rearward, in the rear, at the back. Behindhand, a. I. Backward, late, tardy, after the usual time, behind time, too late. 2. In arrears {with work), behind time, not well enough advanced, in a backward state, not in a forward state, behind one's dues, not up. 3. In arrears {as to money), burdened with liabilities, in debt, embarrassed. Behind the curtain. I. Hid, invisible, con- cealed, m concealment, out of sight. 2. In the secret, let into the secret, ac- quainted with the inner mechanism or motives, behind the scenes. Behind the scenes. See under 2, preceding. Behind the veil. I. Hid from mortal vision, be- yond our (or mortal) ken, in the other world, beyond the veil, beyond the grave, in the eternal world, in the realms beyond sense, in the super- sensible regions. 2. Into the eternal secret, into that which is hidden, into the mystery of the other world, into the supreme mystery, within the veil, into the realms supersensible. Behold, V. a. See, observe, contemplate, eye, sur- vey, consider, regard, view, descry, discern, look upon, set one's eyes on. Behold, interj. See, look, observe, mark, lo. Beholden, a. I. Obliged, indebted, bound, in debt, obligated, under obligation. 2. Obliged, grateful, thankful, devoted. Beholder, «. Observer, spectator, looker-on, by- stander, witness. Behoof, n. Advantage, benefit, profit, interest, account. See Behalf. Behoove, v. a. I. Become, befit, beseem, be fit for, be proper for, be meet for. 2. Be necessary or needful for, be binding or obligatory on, be one's duty. Be in earnest. Be serious, be thorough, be thoroughgoing, be resolute or determined, be not jesting. Being, «. I. Existence, subsistence, reality, actu- ality. 2. Essence, essential being, inmost nature, substance, inner reality, life, vital principle, root, core, heart, centre of life. 3. Sentient, conscious, or personal agent, liv- ing thing, creature, living being. Be in the ascendant. Have superior influence, have commanding influence. Be in the wrong box. Mistake, err, make a mis- take. See Bark up the Wrong Tree. Be it so. I. Suppose It to be so, granted, grant it, admit it. 2. Amen, so be it, let it be so. Belabor, v. a. Thump, bethump, strike, knock, lay blows upon. See Beat. Belate, v. a. I, Delay, retard, render tardy, make too late. 2. Delay into night, benight, cover with dark- ness or night. Belated, a. I. De.layed.retarded, hindered, made late. 2. Overtaken by night, out late in the night, overtaken by darkness, caught in or by the dark. Belaud, v. a. Overland, overpraise, cover with laudations, load with praises, praise lavishly. Belay, v. a. {Naut.) Fasten, make fast. Belch, zu a. I. Eject from the stomach, throw up, eject, vomit, expel. 2. Throw out violently, cast forth, discharge, emit, vomit, eject, expel, hurl forth. Belch, V. n. I. Eructate, eject wind from the stomach. 2. Be ejected \-iolently, rush forth, gush. Belching, «. Eructation. Beldam, ) «. Hag, Jezebel, virago, vixen, fury. Beldame, J old hag. Beleaguer, v. a. I. Besiege, invest, beset, block- ade, lay siege to. BEL-ESPRIT 45 BENEATH 2. Beset, encompass, encumber, block up, environ, surround, obstruct. Bel-esprit, «. [Fr. f>L Beaux esprits.\ Wit, man of wit, man of genius. Beliry, «. Campanile, bell-tower. Belial, «. Satan. See Apollyon. Belie, v. a. I, Falsify, misrepresent, represent falsely. 2. Give the lie to, convict of falsehood, show to be false, charge with falsehood. 3. Contradict, controvert, go counter or con- trary to. 4. Load with lies, lie about, slander, calum- niate. Belief, «. I. Believing {tJie active phase of the /act), persuasion, conviction, confidence, trust, reliance, assurance, feeling of certainty. See Faith. 2. Being believed {thg passive phase), cre- dence, credit, acceptance, assent, currency. 3. Creed {the thing or things believed), doc- trine, tenet or tenets, dogma, opinion, view, article of faith, profession of faith. Believe, v. a. Credit, give credit to, think to be true, give fahh to, put faith in, rely upon, make no doubt of, put confidence in, be persuaded, convinced, confident, or sure of, assent to, trust, confide in. Believe, v. n. I. Exercise faith, have faith, have a firm persuasion. 2. Think, suppose, conceive, fancy, appre- hend, imagine, hold, be of opinion, entertain the idea, take it. See Opine. Believe in. I. Trust, have confidence in, place reliance on. 2. Be convinced of, be for, be in favor of, ap- prove of, go in for. Belike, ad. (Collog.) Probably, perhaps, per- chance, peradventure, mayhap, it may be, it is likely. Belladonna, «. Banewort, dwale, deadly night- shade (/4^r£>;)« belladonna). Belle, n. Beauty, toast, fair damsel. Belles-lettres, «. //. [Fr.] Polite literature, ele- gant literature, polite letters, elegant letters, the humanities. Belligerent, a. I. Carrj-lng on war, engaged in war, waging war, contending, in conflict, at war, in arms. 2. Of belligerents, pertaining to parties at war. 3. Antagonistic, rival, contending, hostile, conflicting, opposed, adverse. 4. Warlike, hostile. 5. Bellicose, pugnacious, contentious, quarrel- some, full of fight. Belligerent, «. Belligerent state or nation, party to war, contending party, antagonist, rival, com- batant, opponent. Bellow, V. n. I. Roar (as a beast). 2. Vociferate, clamor, yell, howl, cry, bawl, make a loud outcry. Bsll-pspper, «. Red pepper, Guinea pepper (Capsicufn annuum. Capsicum grossum). Bell-shaped, a. (Bot.) Campanulate. Belly, n. I. Abdomen, paunch. 2. Convexity, swell, swelling, bulge, protub- erance. 3. Concavity, hollow, deep, depth or depths, recesses, womb, bosom, bowels, cave, cavernous depths, penetralia. Belly, V. a. Inflate, swell out, fill, round, round out. Belly, V. n. Swell, swell out, protrude, be pro- tuberant. Belonging, n. I. Endowment, attribute, quality, gift. 2. Property, goods and chattels, estate, pos- session . 3. Appendage, appurtenance, appliance, ac- cessory {which see). Beicns: to. I. Be the property of, be possessed by, be owned by. 2. Bean attribute <7r quality or characteristic or mark of, characterize, pertain or appertain to, inhere in, be the prerogative or right of, be the privilege of. 3. Regard, relate to, refer to, have reference to. 4. Be appendant to, constitute a part of, be connected with. 5. Behoove, concern, be incumbent on, be the duty of, devolve on, be the business or concern of. 6. Be domiciled in, live in, come from, have one's legal home in, reside in, inhabit. 7. Originate in, spring from, come from, be native of. Belong with. Go with, should be appended to or joined with, be designed to be connected with. Beloved, a. Dear, darling, much loved. Below, Prep. I. Under, beneath, underneath. 2. Unbecoming, unworthy of. Below, ad. I. Under, beneath, underneath. 2. On the earth, in this world, in the present life, in time, in the world of sense. 3. In hell, in the lower regions, in the under world, among the shades, in the world of the departed, in the regions of the dead. Belt, n. I. Girdle, cincture, cestus, band, zone, girth. 2. Strip, zone, stretch, long and narrow piece or region. 3. Constraint, restraint, check. Bemire, v. a. Daggle, draggle, bedaggle, be- draggle, besmirch, mire, muddy, befoul, foul, dirty, soil. Bemoan, v. a. Bewail, lament, deplore, moan over, mourn over, express sorrow for. Bemused, a. Stupefied, confused, bewildered, muddled, muzzy, tipsy, haif-seas-over, haif- drunk. Bench, n. I. Long seat, seat, form. 2. Work-bench. 3. \}N\\\\ The.\ Judge's seat, woolsack. 4. Court, tribunal, body of judges, rank of a judge. Bend, v a. I. Curve, crook, bow, incurvate, flex, make crooked, deflect, draw. 2. Direct, turn, incline. 3. Exert, apply {earnestly), direct {atten- tively ). 4. {Usually in the passive. '\ Incline, deter- mine, resolve, set. 5. Subdue, cause to yield, bring to submis- sion, make submissive, persuade, influence, mould, dispose, bias. 6. {Naut.) Fasten, make fast. Bend, v. n. I. Crook deflect, deviate, swerve, diverge, incline, be crooked, be bent, be curved. 2. Lean, incline, turn, deflect, deviate, di- verge. 3. Overhang, jut out, jut, beetle. 4. Bow, stoop, lower or lour, hang low. 5. Yield, submit, bow, stoop, kneel, give way. 6. Condescend, stoop, deign, be gracious. Bend, n. I. Curve, curvify, curvature, flexure, angle, elbow, crook, incurvation, turn, turning, arcuation. 2. Bight, coil. Beneath, prep. I. Under, underneath, below. 2. Unbecoming, unbefitting, unworthy o^ below the level of. Beneath, ad. See Below, ad. BENEDICK 46 BESMEAR Benedict ' 1 ^' ^^^^y married man, neogamist Benedictine, n. Blackfriar. Benediction, n. I. Blessing, benison, invocation of happiness, beatitude. 2. Gratitude, thanks, thanksgiving, devout praise. 3. Benefit, blessing, grace, favor, boon, beni- son, beatitude. Benefaction, n. Gift, donation, gratuity, grant, offering, contribution, boon, present, alms, charity. Benefactor, «. I. Succorer, well-doer, savior, beneficent friend. 2. Patron, favorer, supporter, upholder, con- tributor, friend. Benefice, «. Ecclesiastical living. Beneficence, n. Charity, bounty, liberality, gen- erosity, alms-giving, active goodness, kind ac- tion, doing of good. Beneficent, a. I. Bountiful, benevolent, kind, liberal, generous, bounteous, princely, munifi- cent. 2. Benign, favorable, beneficial, benignant, salutary. Beneficial, a. Useful, profitable, advantageous, helpful, serviceable, salutary, wholesome, favora- ble, good for one's advantage, for one's good, for one's interest. Benefit, n. I. Favor, service, act of kindness, good turn, kind office, 2. Advantage, profit, avail, gain, good, utility, behalf, behoof, account, interest. Benefit, v. a. I, Befriend, help, serve, do good to, be useful to, advance the interest of, confer a favor on, do a good turn or kind office to. 2. Profit, advantage, avail, be of advantage to. Benevolence, «. I. Kindness, benignity, kind- heartedness, humanity, humaneness, philan- thropy, tenderness, charitableness, good-will, altruism, unselfishness, disposition to do good, milk of human kindness. 2. Charity, benefaction, beneficence, alms- giving, charitable effort (s). Benevolent, a. Kind, benignant, benign, kind- hearted, obliging, humane, tender, charitable, generous, lib'eittl,-~philanthropic, altruistic, unsel- fish, disposeti to do gOod, full of good-will. Benighted, a. I. Overtaken by night, belated, out in the dark. 2. Involved in darkness, profoundly ignorant, sunk in ignorance, unenlightened. Benign, a. I. Kind, kindly, benevolent, gra- cious, complaisant, humane, obliging, benignant, good, amiable, gentle, friendly, kind-hearted, tender-hearted, of a gentle disposition. 2. Beneficent, most salutary, most propitious, most favorable, benignant, most wholesome, most beneficial. 3. {Med.) Mild, of a mild nature. Benignant, a. Kind. See Benign. Benignity, «. I. Kindness, graciousness, benev- olence, complaisance, humanity, amiability, gen- tleness, amenity, friendliness, kind-heartedness, fellow-feeling, good feeling, good-humor, good temper, obliging manner. 2. (Rare.) Mildness. Benison, ». Blessing. See Benediction. Benne, n. Sesame, oil-plant, tilseed, vangloe, bene. Bent, «. I. Disposition, inclination, tendency, turn, penchant^ learning, bias, propensity, pro- clivity, predisposition, predilection, partiality, liking, fondness, proneness, appetency. 2. Bent-grass, wiry grass, agrostis. 3. Dried reed, stalk. 4. Wild land, hill, moor, wild. Bent, a. Crooked, hooked, bowed, curved, flexed, deflected, aduncous, arcuate, incurvate. Bent on. Resolved, determined, fixed, or set on. Benumb, v. a. Stupefy, paralyze, deaden, blunt, make torpid, render insensible. Benzoin, I «. Gumbenjamin, benjamin, friar's Benzoine, J balsam. Benzole, n.^ Benzolin (e), benzine, benzene. Be of opinion. Think, believe, conclude, judge, suppose, imagine, fancy, apprehend, deem, ween, opme, hold, methinks, entertain the idea, take it. Be on the carpet. Be under consideration, be upon the tapis. Bepraise, v. a. Puff, overpraise. See Belaud. Bequeath, v. a. I. Leave, demise, devise, will, give by will. 2. Transmit, hand down, impart. Bequest, «. Legacy, devise. Berate, v. a. I. Scold, chide, reprimand, rate. 2. Abuse, vilify, defame, betongue, rail at. See Asperse. Bereave, v. a. I. Deprive (pf something that cannot be restored), dispossess, rob, divest, strip, despoil, spoil, take away from, make destitute of. 2. Deprive of friend or kindred, afflict with personal loss, render lorn. Bereaved, /.and a- Deprived of friend or kindred, desolate, lorn. Bereavement, «. Deprivation, loss {especially of friends by death). Bereft, /. and a. Stripped, deprived, destitute, despoiled. Bernardine, «. Cistercian. Berth, «. {Naut.) I. Ship's station. 2. Bed, place to sleep in. 3. Situation, office, post, appointment, em- ployment, place. Beseech, v. a. I. Entreat, beg, implore, suppli- cate, petition, conjure, importune, pray to. See Adjure. 2. Solicit, ask, entreat, beg, implore, impor- tune, plead for, crave, petition for, pray for, beg for. Beseem, v. a. Become, befit, behoove, be proper for, be appropriate for, be meet for. Be seized of. Possess, have possession of, be pos- sessed of. Be selfish. Consult one's own wishes, interest, or pleasure, take care of, or look out for, number one, have an eye to the main chance. Beset, V. a. I. Surround, encompa.ss, environ, encircle, enclose, besiege, hem m. See Be- leaguer. 2. Embarrass, perplex, entangle. 3. Set, bestud, bestick, set about, engirdle, encircle, decorate, ornament, embellish, garnish. Beshrew, v. a. Execrate, curse, wish evil to, im- plore a curse upon. 'Be^iCf prep. I. Near, close to, at the side of, by the side of. 2. Aside from, out of the way of, out of the course of, not according to. 3. Out of, not in possession of. Besides, /r^/. Except, save, over and above, in addition to, distinct from. Besides, ( ad. I. Moreover, too, also, further- Beside, ) more, more than that, over and above, in addition, yet. 2. Else, more, further, beyond that, in addi- tion. Besiege, v- a. Surround {with a military force), beset, invest, lay siege to. See Beleaguer. Besmear, v. a. I. Bedaub, daub, smear, be- spatter, beplaster, besllme, daub over. 2. Defile, soil, foul, befoul, besmirch, pollute, contaminate. BESOT 47 BEYOND Besot* V. a. I. Intoxicate, steep, drench, soak. 2. Stupefy, make sottish, make foolidh »r stupid. 3. Infatuate, stultify, befool, intoxicate, de- lude. Bespatter, v. a. Spatter {usually with somethi7ig filthy), bedaub. See Besmear. Bespeak, v. a. I. Order, speak for beforehand, engage. 2. Solicit, speak for. 3. Address, speak to, accost, 4. Indicate, imply, proclaim, declare, betoken, evince, show. Besprinkle, v. a. Sprinkle, bedew, bestrew, sprinkle over, scatter over, cover with drops or spray. Best, a. I. Most good, rnost excellent, superla- tively good, good in the highest degree. 2. Most wise, most judicious, most expedient, See the various meanings of Good. Best, ad. I. Most of ail, in the highest degree, beyond all others. 2. With most propriety, most profitably or advantageously, to the greatest advantage. 3. Most intimately, most thoroughly, most completely. 4. With the highest qualification, by the clear- est title. Best* «. I. Highest perfection, highest good, greatest good. _ 2. Utmost, highest endeavor, whatever in one lies, all that one can, the most that can be done. Bestial, a. I. Beastlike, brutal, brutelike, brute, irrational 2. Beastly, brutal, brutish, vile, low, depraved, degraded, degrading, sensual. Besm- one's self. Labor, work, toil, strive, be alert, hasten, lose no time, be lively, look alive, fall to work, exert one's self, rouse one's self, trouble one's self, busy ones self, take pains, be busy, be active, be quick, bear a hand. Bestow, V. a. I. Put, place, stow, store, deposit, dispose, lay away, lay up in store. 2. Give, accord, grant, impart. See Confer. Bestowal, \ «. I. Putting, placing, stowing, Bestowinj, > stowage, storing, storage, dis- Bestowment, ) posing. 2. Giving, grant, granting, imparting, imparta- tion, conferring. Bestower, n. Giver, disposer, donor {law\ do- nator. Bestrew, v. a. Strew, sprinkle, scatter, bescatter, besprinkle, spread, bespread. Bestride, 7'. a. I. Straddle, stride over. 2. Ride astraddle upon. 3. Bespan, arch over. 4. Overrule, rule over, dominate, overmaster, control, weigh upon, overawe. Bet, n. Wae;er, stake. Bet, V. «. Wager, lay a wager, make a bet. Bat, V. a. Stake, pledge, wager, lay, wage. Betake one's self. Resort, repair, apply, have re- course. Bethink one's self. Consider, reflect, ponder, rouse one's thoughts, take thought. Betide, v. a. Befall, overtake, bechance, happen to, come to. Betide, v. n. Happen, befall, bechance, come to pass, occur, take place. Bedme, | ad. Seasonably, in season, in good sea- Betimes, \ son, in time, in good time, before it is too late, early, soon. Betoken, v. a. I. Signify, denote, indicate, rep- resent, typify, imply, prove, evince, show, argue, betray. 2. Prefigure, foreshow, foreshadow, foretell, presage, portend, augur, presignify. Betray, v a. I. Deliver up {by breach of trusf)^ give up treacherously, give over to the foe. 2. Violate, break, prove recreant to, let perish, be false to. 3. Violate the confidence of, disclose the secrets of, deceive by treachery 4. Divulge, reveal, discover, expose, tell, blab, show, make known. 5. Display, exhibit, manifest, show, indicate, imply, betoken, argue, evince, expose, reveal, uncover. 6. Mislead, lure, ensnare, entrap, beguile, de- lude, inveigle. 7. Seduce, ruin, corrupt, undo, lead astray. Betroth, v. a. Affiance, plight, pledge in mar- riage, engage to marry. Betrothal, J «. Engagement, betrothing, affi- Betrothment, j ancing, plighting. Better, a. I. More good, more excellent, good in a higher degree. 2. More useful, more valuable. 3. Preferable, more desirable, more acceptable. 4. More fit, more appropriate, more suitable. 5. Improved in health, less ill. 6. More familiar, more intimate. See various meanings of Good. Better, «. I. Superiority, advantage, victory, upper hand. 2. Improvement, greater good. 3. Superior. 4. Bettor, wagerer, taker of odds. Better, ad. I. In a superior manner, in a more excellent way, more fully, more completely. 2. With greater advantage, more usefully or profitably. 3. More, in a higher degree. Better, v. a. Improve, amend, emend, meliorate, ameliorate, reform, correct, rectify, advance, pro- mote, make or render better. Better, v. «. Grow, get, or become better, im- prove, advance, mend, come up. Better-half , «. {Coiioq.) Wife. Bettering, «. Improvement, amendment, melio- ration, amelioration, betterment. Between, /r-THiRSTY. Bloody-flux, n. Dysentery. Bloody-minded, a. See Blood-thirsty. Bloom, n. I. Efflorescence, flower, blossom, blow. 2. Efflorescence, flowering, blossoming, blow. 3. Flush, freshness, vigor, prime, heyday. 4. Flush, glow, carnation, rose, roseate hue. 5. Powdery film, delicate furze, down. 6. First freshness, delicate newness, delicacy, innocence. Bloom, V. tu Flower, blossom, put forth blossoms, blow. Bloomy, a. I. Flowery, full of blossoms. 2. Fresh, glowing, roseate. 3. Downy, covered with bloom. Blossom, n. Flower, bloom, blow, efflorescence. Blossom, V. n. I" lower, blocm, blow. Blot, V. a. I. Eftace, obliterate, erase, cancel, expunge, rub out, blot out, scratch out, strike out. 2. Spot, stain, blur, disfigure, deface, sully. 3. Tarnish, sully, disgrace, dishonor, blur, spot, stain. Blot, n. I. Obliteration, erasure, blotting, blur. 2. Blur, spot, stain, blemish. 3. Disgrace, cause of reproach, blur, spot, stain, dishonor. Blotcb, n. I. Pustule, eruption, pimple, blain, bleb, blemish. 2. Spot {of any kind, especially irregular)., patch, splotch. Blow, «. I. Stroke, knock, rap, pat, thump, dab, beat, lick, thwack, bang. 2. Calamity, disaster, misfortune, affliction. 3. Bloom, blossom, flower, efflorescence. 4. Gale, blast, gust. Blow, V. n. I. Move or flow in currents {as the wind). 2. Pant, puff, lose breath, breathe hard. 3. Flower, bloom, blossom. 4. Sound, give forth sound, peal forth, breathe. 5. {Colloq.) Boast, brag, gasconade, talk large, bluster. 6. Spout {as a whale). Blow, V a. I. Drive (by blowing), impel. 2. Force wind upon, direct a current of air upon, 3. Sound, wind, sound upon, wind & blast upon. 4. Spread, spread or sound abroad, diflfuse. 5. Form (with the breath). 6. Deposit eggs in, fly-blow, make putrid. Blow down. Prostrate {by the wind), overthrow, lay low. Blown, a. I. Swollen, inflated, puffed up, 2. Stale, worthless, discredited, past its prime. 3. Out of breath, exhausted, fatigued, tired out. Blow off. I. Drive from shore {by the wind, as a ship). 2. Detach or scatter (by the wind, as fruit from trees). 3. Let off {as steam), suffer to escape. Blow out. Extinguish, Blow-out, n. {Colloq.) Feast, entertainment, rout, merry-making. Blowup. {Active^ I. Inflate, fill with air. 2. Burst, explode, blast, burst in pieces, shat- ter, scatter by explosion, cause to explode. 3. Kindle. 4. {Low.) Scold, rate, berate, chide, repri- mand, censure, reprove, blame, scold at. Blow Up. (Neuter.) Explode, burst, be scattered by explosion. Blow upon. I. Discredit, blast, taint, bring into disfavor, make distasteful. 2. Inform against, turn informer upon. Blow-valve, «. Snifting-valve. Blowzed, a. Ruddy, blowzy. Bl0W2y, a. Ruddy, blowzed, tanned, ruddy- faced, high-colored, sun-burnt. Blubber, «. Whale-fat. Blubber, v. «. Cry (so as to swell the cheeks), whine, whimper, weep. Bludgeon, n. Club, cudgel. BLUE 63 BODILY BlaCy a. !• Azure, cerulean, sapphirine, ame- thystine, sky-coiored. 2. Livid, ghastly, pallid. 3. {jCoUoq.) Melancholy, dejected, dispirited, depressed, sad, glum, gloomy, mopish, down- cast, desponding, downhearted, hypochondriac, hipped, chapfallen, low-spirited, cast down, in the dumps, with a long face, in the blues, down in the mouth. 4. (jColloq.) Dismal, depressing, doleful, gloomy, dispiriting, melancholy, disheartening. 5. Pedantic {said of women), on the blue- stocking order, sapient. Blue, «._ Azure, sky-color, cerulean, amethystine, sapphirine. Blue-de\rils, «. // See Blues. Biae-tisll, n. lailor, skip-jack, snapping mack- erel ( Temnodon saltator). Blues, n. pi. LWith Tke.\ Melancholy, dejection, depression, despondency, hypochondria, dumps, vapors, low spirits, blue-devils, the dismals, Blue-Stocking, n. Pedantic woman, sapient fe- male. Blue-vitriol, n. Sulphate of copper, blue-stone. Bluff, a. I. Broad and full, hearty and open. \,Said of the countenance.) 2. Rough and hearty, blunt and frank, roughly good-natured. 3. Steep, abrupt, precipitous, like a bluff. Bluff, n. Precipitous bank {eipecially on the margin of a river or the sea). Blunder, v. n I. Mistake i^rossly), err (Jrom want of care). 2. Flounder, stumble, go bungling. 3. Bungle, be awkward, miss the mark, miss the point, be stupid, inaccurate, or at loose ends. Blunder, «. Mistake {of the grossest kind), error {from thoughtlessness), gross mistake, piece of stupidity. Blunderbuss, n. I. Short gun (with a large bore). 2. Blunderer, blunderhead, stupid fellow, dolt. Blunderer, «. Blunderhead, blunderbuss, stupid fellow, dolt. Blunderhead, n. See Blunderer. Blunt, a. I. Dull, obtuse, pointless, edgeless. 2. Dull-witted, dull, thick-witted, obtuse, stu- pid, stolid. 3. Abrupt, bluff, plain, uncourtly, unceremoni- ous, without formal civility. 4. Brusk [or brusque), rough, harsh, uncourte- ous, ungracious, Impolite, rude. Blunt, V. a. I. Dull, make dull. 2. Benumb, paralyze, deaden, stupefy, ob- tund, hebetate, make insensible, callous, or ob- tuse. 3. Moderate, allay, assuage, mitigate, quiet, alleviate, soften. Blunt- Witted, a. Dull, stupid, stolid, doltish, blockish, obtuse, unintelligent, unintellectual. Blur, n- I. Blot, stain, spot, blemish, soil, tar- nish, defect. 2. Confusion {of vision), dim and uncertain spot, confused glimmer. 3. Blot, stain, disgrace, spot, blemish, blotch. Blur, V. a. I. Obscure, darken, dim, bedim, par- tially erase. 2. Tarnish, stain, blot, sully, spot, blemish. Blush, V. n. Redden {in the cheeks), color. Blush, n. Reddening {of the cheeks), suffusion of the face. Bluster, v. n. I. Roar {as the wind), make a loud noise. 2. Vapor, swagger, bully, vaunt, swell, dom- ineer, gasconade, play the bully. See Boast. 3. Make a great ado, make much ado about nothing. Bluster, n, I. Boisterousness, noise, tumult, turbulence.^ 2. Boasting, swaggering, bullying, blattering, vaporing, gasconade, fanfaronade. 3. Great ado, much ado about nothing Blusterer, «. Swaggerer, bully, boaster, braggart, vaunter, roisterer, liuff, braggadocio, drawcansir, fire-eater, fanfaron, noisy fellow, bouncer {colloq.). Blustering, a. I. Windy, stormy, tempestuous, squally, gusty, tumultuous, turbulent, noisy, roaring. 2. Swaggering, boasting, bragging, braggart, blattering, pompous, assuming, important, arro- gant, swelling, big, bullying, vaporing, self- sufficient. Board, ». I. Plank (/A/«). 2. Table {for food). 3. Food, diet, provision, fare, victuals, enter- tainment, meals 4. Conclave, council, committee. Board, V. a. I. Cover with boards 2. Enter or go on board of {a vessel) by force 3. Furnish with meals. Boards, «. //. [With The.\ The stage {of a thea- tre). Boast, V. n. Brag, vaunt, gasconade, vapor, bluster, crow, crack, flourish, exalt one's .sell, magnify one's self, give one's self airs, talk big, ride a high horse. Boast, v. a, I. Magnify {unduly), make much of, boast of, brag of. 2. {Sculp.) Shape roughly {as a block of marble) Boast, n. I. Vaunt, brag, gasconade, rodomon- tade, vaporing, bravado, boasting, blustering, swaggering, fanfaronade, flourish of trumpets, much cry and little wool. 2. Cause of pride or laudable exultation. Boaster, n. Braggart, braggadocio See Blus- terer. Boastful, a. Boasting, vaunting, bragging, brag- gart, vaporing, blustering, exulting, triumphant, cock-a-hoop. Boasting, «. Vaunt, brag. See Boast. JBoast one's self. Exult over-confidently. Jbtoat-shaped, a. {Bot.) Cymbiform, navicular, scaphoid. Bob, v. a. I. Move with a jerk. 2. Strike {suddenly and lightly), rap, knock. 3. Clip, cut short. 4. {Rare.) Steal, purloin, rob, pilfer, filch, cabbage, get by fraud Bob, v. n- I. Play back and forvtrard, have a jerk- ing motion. 2. Angle {with a jerking motion), fish Boh, n. I. Jerking motion. 2. Pendant, hanging appendage. Bobolink, «. Rice-bird, rice-bunting, reed-bird, butter-bird, skunk-bird, skunk-blackbird, Bob o' Lincoln, Robert o' Lincoln, Bob-Uncoln, bob- link {Dolichonyx or izy varus). Bob-white, n. American partridge, quail {Odon- tophorus Virginianus). Bode, V. a. Betoken, portend, foreshow, fore- shadow, prefigure, presage, augur, foretell, pre- dict, forebode, prophesy, be ominous of. Bode, V. n. Forebode, presage, be ominous. Bodice, n. I. Corset, stays 2. Waist {of a dress), corsage. Bodiless, a. Incorporeal, without a body. Bodily, «. I. Of the body. 2 Corporeal, physical. Bodily, ad. I. Corporeally. 2. Entirely {as respects the body or mass), completely, wholly, altogether. BODY 54 BOOBY Body, ft. I. Material substance, material part (as distinguished from tJie spirit or life). 2. Carcass, corpse, dead body. 3. Visible form or frame. 4. Trunk {as distinguished from the limbs), Stem, bole. 5. Bulk, main part {as distinguished front subordinate parts'), greater part. 6. Person, being, individual, mortal, creature. Y. Company, band, party, coterie, society, association, corporation. 8. System, summary, general collection. 9. Consistency, thickness, substance. Body-coat, «. Dress-coat. Boeotian, a. I. Of BcEotia, from Bceotia. 2. Dull, heavy, befogged. See Stupid. Bog, n Morass, quagmire, slough, feu, marsh, swamp, moss. Bog-berry, n. Cranberry {Oxycoccus palustris). JlJgy* } n. Hobgoblin, bugaboo. Boggle, V. n. I. Hesitate, vacillate, waver, falter, demur, shrink, hang back, shrink back, hang fire, be in suspense. 2. Dissemble, play fast and loose, shuffle. Bogtrotter, ». [in derision] Irishman. Boll, V. n. I. Be agitated by heat, be in ebulli- tion. 2. Be in violent agitation, seethe, foam, froth. 3. Bubble, rise in bubbles. 4. Be ardent, be hot, be wildly turbulent, rage Boil, V. a. Seethe. Boil, n. Furuncle, pustule, gathering, inflamed tumor. Boiling, n. Ebullition. Boisterous, a. I. Roaring, loud, stormy. 2. Noisy, furious, tumultuous, turbulent, ve- hement, violent, impetuous. 3. Noisy, vociferous, clamorous, obstreperous, loud. Bold, a. I. Fearless, dauntless, daring, valiant, valorous, doughty, undaunted, hardy, intrepid, courageous, brave, heroic, audacious, adventur- ous, gallant, spirited, mettlesome, manful, manly, stout-hearted, bold-spirited 2. Confident, assured, self-reliant, self- possessed, self-poised, free from bashfulness. 3. Impudent, insolent, rude, impertinent, saucy, forward, pushing, assuming, brazen-faced, bold-faced. 4. Conspicuous, striking, prominent, standing out to the view. 5. Steep, abrupt, precipitous, prominent. Bold-faced, a. Impudent. See Bold. Boldness, «. I. Fearlessness, dauntlessness, in- trepidity, courage, bravery, doughtiness, daunt- lessness, adventurousness, gallantry, spirit, met- tle, valor, audacity, daring, pluck, heroism, hardi- hood, spunk. 2. Confidence, assurance, self-reliance, self- possession, self-poise, confident mien, freedom from bashfulness. 3. Impudence, insolence, sauciness, rudeness, impertinence, assurance, effrontery, presumption, brass, face, front. 4. Prominence, striking character or quality. 5. Steepness, abruptness, precipitousness, prominence. Bold-spirited, a. Courageous See Bold. Bole, n- I. Body {of a tree), stem, trunk 2. Bolus, large pill. Boll, «. Pod, capsule, pericarp. Bolster, n. Supporting cushion. Bolster, v a. Support {something weak or un- deserving), prevent from falling, hold up, prop up, defend, maintain. Bolt, n. I. Arrow, dart, shaft, missile. 2. Thunderbolt, stroke of lightning. 3. Metal pin or fastening. 4. Sieve. Bolt, V. a. I. Fasten with a bolt <»r bolts. 2. Swallow {without chewing), gulp down, swallow whole. 3. Sift, pass through a sieve Bolt, V. n. I. Bounce, start suddenly, spring out abruptly. 2. Abscond, make off rapidly, run away, leave suddenly. Bolt-Upright, a. Perpendicular, quite upright. Bolus, «. Bole, large pill. Bombard, v. a. Attack with bombs. Bombardment, «. Attack with bombs. Bombast, «. Fustian, rodomontade, rant, altil- oquence, magniloquence, sesquipedalianism, grandiloquence, sesquipedalia verba, turgid talk, inflated style, swelling or pompous phraseology. Bombastic, a. Inflated, turgid, tumid, swelling, stilted, grandiloquent, magniloquent, altiloquent, sesquipedalian, pompous, sophomorical, high- flown, high-sounding. Bona fide. [1 .] Really, truly, actually, sin- cerely, in good faith, upon honor. Bonbon, «. Sugar-plum, sweet, confection, sweet- meat. Bond, n- I. Band, ligature, cord, ligament, fasten- ing, link. 2. [In pi] Fetters, chains, bondage, cap- tivity, constraint, durance, imprisonment, prison. 3. Tie, connection, attraction, link, union, attachment, uniting, influence 4. Obligation, compact, binding, contract. 5. Promissory note {of highest obligation), evi- dence of debt. Bond, a. Enslaved, slave, in bonds, in bondage, captive, destitute of freedom. Bondage, «^ Servitude, slavery, thraldom, captiv- ity, imprisonment, confinement, bond-service, bonds, restraint of personal liberty." Bonds, n. pi. See Bond, 2 Bone-ash, n. Bone-earth, burnt bones, earthy matter of bones. Bone-black, «. Ivory -black, animal charcoal. Bone-earth, «. See Bone-ash. Bone of contention. Subject of contention, sub- ject of dispute. Boneset, «. Thoroughwort, feverwort, ague-weed, Indian sage {Eupatorium perfoliatum) . Bonhomie, «. [Fr.] Good-nature, easy humor. BonitO, «. Albicore, horse-mackerel, striped tunny {Thynnus pelamys). Bon-mot, «. [Fr.] Jest, joke, witticism, witty repartee. Bonne-bouche, «. [Fr.] Titbit, delicacy, nice bit, delicate morsel, choice morsel, delicious mouthful. Bonnet-rouge, «. [Fr.] Red republican. Bonny, a. I. Handsome, beautiful, fair, fine, pretty. 2. Cheerful, blithe, sprightly, buoyant, airy, gay, merry, joyous, jolly, jocund, winsome, buxom, playful, sportive, jocose, in good spirits, in high spirits. 3. Plump, round, chubby, in good health. Bon-ton, «. [Fr.] I. High mode, fashionable style, style of high life. 2. Fashionable society, people of fashion, the upper ten. Bonus, «. [L.] Premium, reward, honorarium, gift, subsidy. Bon-vivant, n. [Fr.] Luxurious liver, boon companion, jovial companion, jolly fellow. Booby, n. I. Simpleton, fool. See Dunce. 2. {Ornith) Gannet, noddy, solan, goose {Sula bassana or fusca). BOOK 65 BOUNCE Bookt n. I. Work, volume. 2. Main division (of a written work), part. BooikeA. up. Posted, well-informed, au fait, au courant. Bookish, a. Given to reading, fond of books, fond of study, very studious. Book-keeper, «. Accountant. Book -learned, a. Versed in books. Book-madness, «. Bibliomauia. Book-maker, «. I. Compiler. 2. Bettor, layer of odds. Book-makingt «. I. Compilation. 2. Betting, laying of odds. Bookseller, n. Bibliopole, bibliopolist. Bookstore, «. \.U, SJ] Bookseller's shop. Bookworm, «. Great reader or student {without discrimination and without definite purpose). Booley, «. \.Irish.'\ Nomad, wanderer. Boom, V. n. I. Roar, resound, drone, hum. 2. Rush, bound, dash forward. Boom, n. Resounding noise, roar, booming, dron- ing, deep and hollow humming. Boon, n. I. Gift, present, benefaction, grant, favor. 2. Benefit, blessing, advantage, good, privi- lege. Boon, a, I. Kind, bountiful, generous, benign, benignant 2. Gay, merry, jovial, jolly, convivial. Boor, n. Rustic, clown, hind, lout, lubber, swain, peasant, bumpkin, clodpole, countryman, plough- man. Boorish, a. Rustic, rude, clownish, loutish, bear- ish, awkward, clumsy, ungainly, coarse, rough, unrefined, uncourtly, ungraceful, gawky, lub- berly. Boosy, a. See Boozy. Boot, «. Profit, advantage, gain, premium. Boot, V. a- [Generally used itnpersomilly.] Profit, benefit, advantage, avail, make difference. Bootee, «. Bootikin, half-boot, short boot. Bootikin, n. I. Bootee, half-boot, short boot. 2. Half-glove, soft glove, mitten {made of oiled skin for gouty Persons). Bootless, a. Useless, unavailing, fruitless, futile, unprofitable, profitless, valueless, worthless, in- effectual, abortive, vain, idle, without avail. Booty, n. Plunder (to be used for any purpose), spoil, pillage. See Prey. Boozy, a. [Written also Boosy ^ Tipsy, bemused, inebriated, fuddled, disguised, maudlin, mellow, halt-drunk, half-seas-over, in liquor. Borax, ». Bi-borate of soda, tincal. Border, «. I. Edge, rim, brim, verge, brink, margin, marge, skirt. 2. Limit, boundary, confine, frontier, march. Border, v. a. Put a border upon, adorn with a border, make a border for. Border on. I. Adjoin, be in contact with, be coterminous with, touch at the side or end or, be contiguous to, lie adjacent to, be in juxtaposition with, border upon. 2. Approach, come near to, approximate, al- most reach, want but little of, border upon. Border npon. See Bokder on. Bore, V. a. I. Perforate, pierce, drill. 2. Weary {by tedious ref>etition), fatigue, tire, tire out, plague, trouble, vex, worry, annoy. Bore, n. I. Hole, calibre. 2. Proser, button-holer. 3. Eagre, eger or eygre, great tidal flood. Boreal, a. Northern, northerly, arctic. Boreas, «. The north wind. Boredom, «. I. Realm of bores, domain of bores, land of bores. 2. Bores, the aggregate of bores, all the bores. 3. Being bored, ennuif tedium, weariness, dulness. 4. Tiresomeness. Bom again. Regenerated, regenerate, converted, renewed in spirit. Borough, n. 'lown {in England, a town repre- sented in Parliament), township, corporate lown, corporation. Borrow, y. a. I. Take or receive as a loan, get on credit, obtain on trust. 2. Take, appropriate, adopt, imitate, make use of. 3. Take on, simulate, dissemble, feign. B^Sge', } "• ^* Thicket, grove, shrubbery. 2. Foliage, leafage, shrubbiness, leafiness. Bosh, ». Nonsense, trash, twaddle. See Bal- derdash. Bosk, n. Thicket, grove, bushes. Bosky, a. Shrubby, woody, leafy, bushy, sylvan, shady. Bosom, n. I. Breast, heart, affection. 2. Hollow, deep, depth, depths, midst, in- most recesses. 3. Retirement, quiet, retreat, inner mystery, intimate privacy. Bosom-friend, n. Confidant, intimate friend, dear friend, inseparable companion. n. I. Protuberance, knob, stud, protuberant part. 2. Superintendent, overseer, master-workman, master. V. a. Stud, cover with bosses, bestud, em- boss. , a. Full of bosses, covered with studs. Botch, n. I. Pustule, blotch, blain, sore 2. Failure, miscarriage, bad work, bad job, clumsy performance, bungling piece of^ work. Botch, V. a. I. Mend awkwardly, patch clumsily. 2. Put together unskilfully, construct in a bungling manner. Both, a. The two, the one and the other, one as well as the other, the pair, the couple. Both, conj \_Preceding a word or phrase which is followed ^^ and ; Both — and. ] As well — as ; not only — but also; not only --but; not alone — but. Bother, v. a. Perplex, worry, harass, trouble, annoy, tease, vex, plague, molest, incommode, disturb, pester, pother. Bother, «. (Collog) Perplexity, vexation, annoy- ance, plague, trouble, pother. Bottle-holder, ». I. Second (at fisticujff's), backer. 2. Second, supporter, backer, encourager, ad- viser, abettor, promoter, subsidiary. Bottom, n. I. Lowest part, base, foot. 2. Foundation, basis, groundwork, base. 3. Dale, valley, meadow, alluvial land. 4. Ship, vessel, sailing craft. 5. Fundament, seat, buttocks. 6. Seat (of a chair). 7. Stamina, native strength, power of endur- ance. 8. Grounds, lees, dregs, sediments. Bottom, V. a. Found, establish, build. Bottom, V. n. Rest {Jbr support), be based. Boudoir, «. [Fr.] Cabinet, private room, re- tired apartment. Bough. «. Branch, limb, shoot. BouUll, n. [Fr.] Stew, boiled meat, stewed meat. Bouillon, n. [Fr.] Broth, soup. Bounce, n. I. Knock, thump, sudden blow. 2. Bound, leap, jump, spring. 3. (Collog.) Boast, vaunt, brag. 4. (Collog )■ Falsehood, lie, bouncer, whopper. BOUNCE 66 BRANCH BonilCe> v n- I. Bolt, leap, or spring suddenly. 2. Rebound, recoil. 3. Knock, thump. See Beat. Bounce, v. a. Thrust, drive against. Bouncer, «. {CoUoq.) I. Roaster. See Blus- terer. 2. Falsehood, lie, whopper, bounce. 3. Giant, strapper, huge fellow, huge speci- men. Bouncing, a, {Collog.) Stout, lusty, strong, portly, burly, huge, great, strapping. Bound, n, I. Limit, bourn, border, confine. See Boundary. 2. Leap, jump, spring, bounce. Bound, V. a. Limit, border, terminate, circum- scribe. Bound, v.n. I. Jump, leap, spring. 2. Rebound, spring back. Bound, a. [Followed by to or for.'\ Destined, tending, going, on the way. Boundary, «■ Limit, border, confine, march, bourn, bound, verge, term, termination. Bounden, a- Obligatory, binding, appointed. Boundless, a. Unbounded, unlimited, unconfined, undefined, immeasurable, illimitable, infinite. Bounteous, a. Liberal. See Bountiful. Bountiful, a. I. Liberal, munificent, beneficent, generous, princely, bounteous. 2. Abounding, abundant, overflowing, plen- teous. Bounty, «. I. Liberality, munificence, benefi- cence, generosity. 2. Present, gift, benefaction. 3. Premium {/or encouragemeni), reward, bonus. Bouquet, n. [Fr.] I. Nosegay, bunch of flow- ers, posy. 2. Cluster {e. g. of gems), bunch, posy. 3. Aroma, delicate odor and flavor. Bourdon, n. I. Walking-stafiE, pilgrim's staff. 2. Bagpipe-drone, drone. 3, Bass-stop. Bourgeoisie, n. [Fr.] Middle classes {especially sTich as depend on trade), tradespeople, townsfolk. Bourn, n. I. Bound, limit, confine, border. See Boundary. 2. Brook, torrent, rivulet, rill, beck, runnel, runlet, burn. Bourse, «. [Fr.] Exchange. Bout, «. I. Turn, twist, flexure, curve, curvature. See Bend. 2. Conflict, contest, set to, trial. Bow, V. a. I. Bend, inflect, crook, incurvate, curve, make crooked. 2. Incline, turn downward, bend, bend down, droop, drop. 3. Depress, sink, cast down, bring down, crush, subdue. 4. Attend with bows, conduct with bows, ex- press by bows. Bow, V. n. I. Bend, buckle, be inflected, be bent, give way. 2. Incline {in token of respect, reverence, or submission), bend the head, make a bow. Bow, «• {Naut.) Fore part {of a ship), prow, beak, stem, fore-foot. Bowels, «. //. I. Intestines, entrails, viscera, inwards, guts. 2. Inside, interior, interior parts, midst. 3. Compassion, pity, tenderness, mercy, merci- fulness, feeling, fellow-feeling, sympathy. Bower, «. I. Arbor, shady recess, shady retreat, summer-house. 2. Bow-anchor, working-anchor. 3. Knave {of the triim.p color). Bow-hand. «. I. {Archery.) The left hand. 2. {Mtis.) The right hand. Bowl, «. I. Goblet, beaker. 2. Hollow, depression, receptacle. Bowman, « Arcuer, sagittary. Bow-window, «. bay-window. Box, «. I. Case, receptacle, chest. 2. Driver's seat, coachman's seat. 3. Enclosed seat or seats {in a theatre). 4. Blow, stroke, cuff, buffet. Box, V. a. I. Enclose in a box, case, put in chests or cases. 2. Strike {;wiih the hand or fist, as the ears), butfet, cuff. Box, V. n. Spar, practise pugilism, play at fisti- cuffs, practise with the gloves. Box-berry, «. Wintergreen, tea-berry, partridge- berry, mountain-tea {Gauliheria proatmffens) Box-elder, «. Ash-leaved maple {Negundo acer- aides, Negundium A mericanitm). Boy, «. Lad, stripling, male child. Boyish, a. I. Of boyhood. 2. Childish, puerile. Boy-servant, «. Page, serving-boy. Brace, v. a. I. Tighten, draw tight, make tense, strain up. 2. Strengthen, fortify, support, prop, give strength to. Brace, «. I. Couple, pair. 2. Prop, support, stay, shore, strut. 3. Bit-stock. Braces, «. //. I. Suspenders, gallowses. 2. Straps {on which a carriage rests). Brachygraphy, «. Stenography, tachygraphy, tacheography, shorthand. Bracing, a. Strengthening, invigorating, stimu- lating. Brackets, n. pi. {Printing.) Crotchets. Brackish, a. Saltish, somewhat salt. Brag, V. n. Boast, vaunt, gasconade, bluster, vapor, flourish, exalt one's self, magnify one's self, talk big. Brag, n. Boast, vaunt, gasconade, bluster, bra- vado, vaporing, blattering, braggadocio, great cry and little wool. Braggadocio, «. I. Boaster, blusterer, vaunter, braggart, bouncer, vaporer, blatterer, gascon, vain-glorious fellow. 2. Brag. See Boast, «. Braggart, «. See Boaster. Braggart, a. See BoASTFUu Brahm, l«. {Hindoo Mythol) The Eternal, Brahma, ) the Self-existent, the Supreme Origi- nal, the Immaterial Substance, God. Brahma, n. {Hindoo Mythol.) The Creator, the Creative deity, the Formative Energy in God. Brahman, ( «. [Written also Bramin ] Hindoo Brahmin, \ priest. Braid, v. n. Plait, plat, intertwine, interweave, interlace, weave together. Brain-fever, «. Phrenitis, meningitis. Brain-pan, n. Skull, cranium. Brains, n. pi. Understanding, sense, mind, rea- son, intellect, capacity, intellectual faculties. Brain-sick, a. Demented, alienated, fantastic, disordered, crotchety, crazed, crazy. Brake, n. I. Fern (Pteris aquilina), 2. Thicket, brushwood, jungle. Brake up. Put down the brakes {to stop a rail- way train). Bramah press. Hydraulic press, hydrostatic press. Bramble, n. Brier-bush, brier, prickly shrub, bramble-bush. Brambling, «■ Mountain-finch, bramble-finch, iFringilla tnontifringilla). Branch, « I. Bough, limb, shoot. 2. Offshoot, ramification, arm, projecting part. 3. Section, department, subdivision, part, por- tion, article, member. BRANCH 67 BREAK JAIL 4. Tributary, affluent, tributary stream. 5. Derivative line, cognate line, member of a stock. Brancb, v.n. Diverge, ramify, spread in branches, shoot off, branch off. Branchiae, w. //. [L.] Gills. Braachlng, n. Ramification, arborescence. Branching, a- Arborescent, arboriform, dendri- form, dendroid, dendritic. Branch off. Ramify. See Branch. Branch out. Expatiate, be diffuse, speak diffusely. Brand, «. I. Fire-brand. 2. Thunderbolt, lightning-flash, bolt. 3. Mark (of a hot iron). 4. Kind, quality, grade. 5. Stigma, stain, reproach. See Blot. 6. {^Poetical.) Sword. Brand, v, a. I. Mark (^with a hot iron), mark as a criminal. 2. Stigmatize, denounce, gibbet. Brand-goose, «. Brant, brent, brant-goose, brent- goose (a nser bernicla). Brandish, v. a. Flourish, wave, shake. Brand-new, I a. Quite new, fire-new, spick and Bran-new, ) span new, span new. Brangle, n. Squabble, quarrel, wrangle, dispute, jangle, bickering, bandying of words, war of words, branglement. Brangle, v. n. Wrangle, squabble. See Bicker. Brant, «. Brent, brand-goose, brant-goose (.^«j^r bemicia, Bernicia brentd). Brash, a. I. Hasty, rash, impetuous. 2. {Local, U. S.) Brittle, fragile, easily broken. Brass, ». I. Alloy of copper and zinc 2. Assurance, boldness, impudence, imperti- nence, pertness, effrontery, presumption, auda- city, forwardness, face, front. Brasisy, a. {Colloq.) Bold, pert, assuming, for- ward, brazen, brazen-faced. Brat, «. {Term of contempt. ^ Child, urchin, bantling, infant, bairn. Bravado, n. Boast, boasting, brag, bluster, storm- ing, furious bombast. Brave, a. I. Fearless (from, temperament), courageous, intrepid, daring, undaunted, daunt- less, valiant, bold, chivalrous, chivalric, gallant, valorous, doughty, heroic, hardy, spirited, mettle- some, manful, manly, stout-hearted, high-spirited, high-hearted, Spartan, lion-hearted. 2. Gay, brilliant, fine, effective, showy, debo- nair. 3. Glowing, ruddy, splendid, gorgeous, efful- gent. Brave, «. I. (Rare.) Bully, hector, blusterer. 2. Indian warrior. Brave, v. a. Defy, dare, challenge, set at de- fiance. Bravery, «. Fearlessness, intrepidity, audacity, valor, gallantry, daring, boldness, spirit, mettle, pluck, manhood, heroism, spunk. See Cour- age. Bravo, n- Bandit, assassin, assassinator, mur- derer, cut-throat, daring villain. Bravo, inter/. Well done. Brawl, V. «. I, Quarrel (noisily), dispute (««- frily), wrangle, brangle, jangle, squabble, icker. 2. Roar, resound. Brawl, n. Quarrel, wrangle, brangle, jangle, squabble, dispute, uproar, broil, altercation, fracas, squabble, fray, feud, tumult, disturbance, row, mHie, rumpus (colloq.), outbreak. See Affray. Brawny, a. Muscular, sinewy, stalwart, sturdy, athletic, powerful, strong, vigorous, lusty, robust, strapping, Herculean, able-bodied. Bray, v. a. Pound (into small pieces or powder), bruise, crush, grind, comminute, triturate. Bray, «. I. Ass's cry. 2. Harsh sound, blare, roar, crash, blatant voice. Bray, v. n. I. Utter a harsh cry (like the ass). 2. Make a harsh sound, clamor, vociterate. Bra3dng, a. Blatant, bellowing, clamorous, vocif- erous, noisy, obstreperous. Braze, v. a. Solder with brass. Brazen, a. I. Made of brass. 2. Bold, brazen-taced. See Brassy. Brazen-faced, a. Bold, impudent, assuming, for- ward, pert, saucy, brazen. See Brassy. Brazier, «. I. Worker or artificer in brass. 2. Pan for coals- Brazil-root, «. Ipecacuanha, ipecac. Brazil- tea, «. Mat^. Breach, «. I. Break, fracture, rupture, opening, chasm, gap, crack, flaw, fissure, rent, rift. 2. Infraction, violation, infringement, non- observance. 3. Quarrel, difference, variance, disagreement, dissension, schism, misunderstanding, aiienauou, disaffection, rupture, falling out. Bread, ». Food {especially food made of grain), sustenance, aliment, nutriment, nourishment, sub- sistence, fare, diet, regimen, victuals, viands, provisions. Breadth, «. i. Width. 2. Largeness, openness, freedom, liberality, generosity, tolerance, width of view. Break, v. a. I. Rend, sever, part, dispart, frac- ture, tear asunder. 2. Shatter, shiver, smash, batter, dash to pieces. 3. Enfeeble, enervate, weaken, impair. 4. Tame, make tractable, make docile. 5. Make bankrupt, bankrupt. 6. Discard, dismiss, discharge, degrade, cashier. 7. Violate, infringe, transgress, disobey, set at nought. 8. Lessen the force of {jxs a fall), mitigate. See Assuage. 9. Interrupt, stop, intermit, cut short. 10. Disclose, open, unfold, lay open. Break, v. n. I. Be shattered, be shivered, be dashed to pieces. 2. Burst, explode. 3. Open, dawn, appear, 4. Become bankrupt. 5. Decline, lose health or strength. Break, «. I. Breach, opening, gap, fissure, rent, rift, chasm, rupture, fracture. 2. Interruption, pause, caesura. 3. Dawn, dawning. Break away. I. Escape (against resistance), break loose. 2. Be scattered, be dissipated. Break-hone fever. Dengue, dandy-fever. Break hulk. Begin to unload. Break down. (Active.) Crush, overwhelm, overcome. Breakdown. (Neuter.) Fail, give out. Breakdown, n. Crash, fall, ruin, downfall, fail- ure, collapse. Breaker, «. Rock-broken surge. Break faith. Be faithless, be perfidious, falsify one's word. Break forth. Issue, burst out, break out. Break ground. Begin, commence operations. Break ^. I. Make an irruption. 2. Intrude one's self, take up the discourse, begin to speak, interrupt. Breaking, «. Rupture, fracture. Break jail. Escape from jaiL BREAK OF DAY 58 BRIGHTEN Break of day. Dawn, dawning, daybreak, morn- ing, cockcrowing, dayspring, peep of day, prime of day, first blush of the morning. See Morn. Break Olf . I. Be ruptured, 2. Desist, cease, stop, leave off. Break out. issue, break forth, burst out. Break tke ice. Make a beginning, prepare the way, open a way. Breakwater, «. Jetty, pier, mole. Break witll. Fallout, part friendship with, sepa^ rate from, give up association with. Brea&t, «. I. Bosom, thorax, chest, 2. Heart, conscience, affections. 3. Pap, mammary organ, mamma, udder, dug. Breast, v. a. Face, stem, withstand, oppose, re- sist, bear the breast agaiust. Breast-lwne, «. sternum. Breastwork, n. {Fort.) Parapet. Breath, «. I. Respired air. 2. Breathing, respiration, power to breathe. 3. Exhalation, odor, perfume, aroma. 4. Life, existence, animation, breath of hfe, vital spark. 5. Respite, pause, rest. 6. Moment, instant, breathing-space. 7« Faint movement, slightest motion, faint breeze. Breathe, IP. n. I. Respire. 2. Live, exist. 3. Pause, rest, take breath, have a respite. Breathe, v. a. l. Respire. 2. Exhale, emit, give out, throw out. 3. Whisper, utter softly. 4. Indicate, manifest, express, show, send forth, diffuse. Breathe in. Inhale, draw into the lungs. Breathe out. Expire, force out of the lungs. Breathing, «. I. Respiration. 2. Aspiration, wish, desire, longing, craving, yearning. Breathing, a. Living, alive, live. Breathing-hole, «. Vent-hole. Breathless, a. I. Out of breath. 2. Dead, lifeless, defunct. Breech, n. Hinder part, after part, butt. Breech-band, «. Breeching. Breeches, n. pi. I. Small-clothes, knee-breeches. 2. Trousers, pantaloons. Breeching, «. Breech-band. Breed, v. a. I. Bring forth, bear, conceive and bring to birth, beget, produce, engender. 2. Nourish, nurture, foster, bring up, rear, raise. 3. Discipline, educate, instruct, train, teach, school, bring up, nurture, rear. 4. Originate, occasion, beget, produce, en- gender, generate, be the occasion of, give rise to, be the cause of. Breed, v. n. I. Bring forth young, produce off- spring. 2. Be bom, be produced, have birth, arise, take rise, grow, develop. 3. Raise live-stock, engage in breeding- Breed, «, Race (of animals), lineage, pedigree, progeny, stock, family, line, extraction, strain. Breeding, n. I. Procreation, having or beget- ting offspring, bearing, bringing forth. 2. Nurture, education, discipline, instruction, training, schooling, rearing, upbringing. 3. Deportment, manners Breeze, «. I. Zephyr, air, gentle gale, moderate wind, light wind. 2. {Colloq) Quarrel, disturbance, commotion, noise, tumult, uproar, stir, agitation - Bregma, ». (Anat.) Sinciput, top of the head. Brent, «. Brant, brand-goose {A nser bernicla). Brett, «. Britzska. Breviary, «. I. Abridgment, epitome, compend, compendium, summary, synopsis, syllabus, ab- stract, digest, brief, conspectus, outhne, sum and substance. 2. Prayer-book. Brevipennate, a. {Omitk.) Short-winged. Brevity, n. I. Briefness, shortness. 2. Conciseness, terseness, compression, suc- cinctness, pithiness. Brew, V. a. I. Prepare by fermentation. 2. Contrive, plot, devise, project, hatch, con- coct, foment, excite, stir up. Brew, V. n. I. Make beer, be a brewer. 2. Be gathering, be forming. Brewery, «. Brew-house. Bribe, «. Reward of treachery, price of corrup- tion, corrupting gift. Bribe, v. a. Suborn, gain by a bribe, give a bribe to. Bridal, a. Nuptial, connubial, hymeneal, matri- monial, conjugal. Bridal, n. Marriage, wedding, nuptials, nuptial festival. Bridewell, «. Prison, jail, penitentiary, work- house, house of correction. Bridge, v. a. I. Build a bridge over or upon, span with a bridge. 2. [Usually with over.l Span, traverse, over- come, surmount- Bridle, n. Restraint, curb, check. Bridle, v. a. I. Put a bridle on, bit. 2. Restrain, check, curb, control, govern. 3. [Usually with up.~\ RufHe, rustle, bristle, toss the head, be incensed, put on an air of offended dignity. Brief, a. I. Short, concise, succinct, compendi- ous, laconic, curt. _ 2. Short, transitory, fleeting, transient, tem- porary, short-lived, ephemeral. Brief, «- I. Epitome, compendium, summary, synopsis, syllabus, abstract, breviary, abridg- ment, conspectus. 2. Pontifical letter, papal rescript. 3. {Law.) Writ, precept. Briefless, a. Without clients, unretained, unem- ployed, without business. Briefly, ad. Concisely, in short, in brief, in a few words. Brigand, n. Robber, highwayman, footpad, free- booter, marauder, outlaw, bandit. Bright, a. I. Luminous, shining, resplendent, glowing, lustrous, beaming, gleaming, glittering, glistening, glistering, twinkling, beaming, shim- mering, sparkling, scintillating, scintillant, corus- cating, flashing, flaming, blazing, dazzling, irra- diant, radiant, brilliant, effulgent, refulgent, splendid, luminiferous, luciferous, light, vivid, nitid, sheeny, glossy, burnished, sunny, orient, noon-day, meridian, noontide, fulgid, fulgent, beamy, silvery, argent. 2. Clear, transparent, lucid, pellucid, lucent, lambent, cloudless, untroubled, limpid. 3. Illustrious, glorious, famous. 4. Acute, ingenious, discerning, keen. See Intelligent. 5. Auspicious, cheering, promising, propitious, encouraging, favorable, enlivening, inspiriting, exhilarating, inspiring. 6. Merry, lively, cheerful, cheery, happy, sprightly, genial, smiling, pleasant, animated, vivacious. Bright, «. Brightness, light, splendor, effulgence, sheen, radiance, lustre, luminosity, luminous- ness. Brighten, v. a. I. Polish, burnish, furbish, make bright, illuminate, illumine, illume, irradiate. BRIGHTEN 69 BROOM 2. Make cheerful, make joyous, cheer, ani- mate, enliven, encourage, hearten, exhilarate, inspirit, inspire. Brignteilf »• n. Grow bright or brighter, clear, clear up, improve, grow better, become more en- couraging. Brightness, «. I. Lustre, splendor, brilliancy, radiance, resplendence, effulgence, light, sheen, luminousness, luminosity, shine, glow, blaze, gloss, burnish, gleam, gleaming, beam, beaming, flash, flashing, flame, flaming, sparkle, spark- ling. 2. Clearness, transparency, lucidity, lucency, translucency, limpidity, cloudlessness, uncloud- edness. 3. Acuteness, ingenuity, sagacity, acumen, astuteness, discernment, mother-wit, quick parts. 4. Cheerfulness, cheeriness, merriment, liveli- ness, happiness, sprightliness, vivacity, vivacious- ness, animation, geniality, lightness. Btilliancy, «. I. Splendor, lustre, brightness, effulgence, refulgence, radiance, shine, sheen, gloss, glister, glitter, gleam, sparkle, sparkling, brilliance. 2. Fame, illustriousness, renown, distinction, eminence, celebrity, prominence, excellence, pre- eminence, force. BrilUant, a. I. Sparkling, glittering, splendid, lustrous, shining, bright, beaming, radiant, efful- §ent, refulgent, resplendent, glistening, gleaming. ;ee Bright, i. 2. Illustrious, glorious, celebrated, famous, renowned, distinguished, eminent, admirable. 3. Striking, prominent, decided, unusual, im- pressive, signal, dazzling. Brilliant, «. Diamond {cut into facets). Brim, «. I. Edge, border, rim, verge, margin, skirt, brink. 2. Shore, bank, border, margin, marge, rim, sands, coast. Brimful, a. Quite full, full to the brim, choke-full, or chock-full, or chuck-full, full to overflowing. Brimstone, «. I. Sulphur. 2. \_Cominercial term.'} Cane brimstone, roll sulphur, stick sulphur. Brlnded, J xahhv Brindled, ('"• ^^^^y- Brine, «. I. Salt water. 2. Sea, ocean, deep, main. Bring, v. a. I. Convey, bear, fetch. 2. Conduct, convey, lead, guide, attend, ac- company, convoy. 3. Produce, gain, procure, obtain, be the cause of, be the means of. 4. Draw, lead, induce, prevail upon. Bring about. Effect, achieve, accomplish, bring to pass. Bring back. I. Recall, call to mind, recover, recollect. 2. Restore, return. Bring down. Humble, abase. Bring forth. I. Give birth to, bear. 2. Produce, exhibit, show, expose, bring out, bring to light, make manifest. Bring forward. Introduce, propose, bring in. Bring near. See Approximate. Bring on. Originate, give rise to, occasion. Bring out. Produce, expose, shuw, exhibit, bring forth, bring to light. Bring over. I. Bear across, fetch over. 2. Convert, win over. Bring to. I, Check the course of (farV/<7/*ajAjr». 2. Resuscitate, revive. Bring under. Subdue, repress, restrain, conquer, get the better of. Bring up. Educate, instruct, rear, nurse, breed, nurture. Brink, «. I. Edge, border, margin, verge, brow. 2. Shore, bank, brim, rim, margin, marge, sands, border. Briny, a. Salt, Brisk, a. Active, lively, quick, agile, nimble, smart, alert, spry, spirited, vivacious, sprightly. Bristle, v. a. I. Point with a bristle, fasten a bristle on. 2. Make bristly, roughen, erect in bristles, corrugate, bethorn, bespine, ruffle. Bristle, v. n. I. Stand on end, stand up like bristles. 2. Be horrent. 3. [With «/.] Become irritated, show anger, take offence, ruffle, bridle. Brittle, a. Fragile, crumbling, shivery, frail, fran- gible, brash, easily broken (J.tUo pieces)^ easily shivered. Britzska, n. Brett. Broach, v. a. I. Pierce, tap, set running, open {/or the first time). 2. Open {a subject), suggest, hint, approach one on, break. 3. Utter, publish, proclaim, give out. Broached, a. Tapped, abroach, on tap. Broad, a. I. Wide. 2. Large, ample, extensive, expanded, ex- tended, vast, wide-reaching, spacious, capacious. 3. Liberal, uncontracted, large, large-minded, enlarged, hospitable, tolerant, free from narrow- Dess. 4. Spread, diffused, open. 5. Gross, indelicate, vulgar, indecent, unre- fined, coarse. Broaden, v. a. Widen, make broad, enlarge, lib- eralize. Broadside, «. I. Cannonade (Jrom all the guns on the side of a ship). 2. Placard, bill, poster, hand-bill. Brochure, «. [Fr.] Pamphlet. Brock, «. Badger, bawson, bawsin. Broil, «. Afiray, fray, quarrel, contention, feud. See Brawl. Broken, a. I. Shattered, shivered, rent, severed, separated. 2. Weakened, impaired, feeble, enfeebled, shattered, shaken, spent, wasted, exhausted. 3. Imperfect, defective, hesitating, stammering, halting, stumbling. 4. Humble, lowly, penitent, contrite. 5. Abrupt, craggy, steep, precipitous, rough. Broken-hearted, a. Disconsolate, inconsolable, comfortless, cheerless, sad, sorrowful, melancholy, woe-begone, forlorn, undone, crushed, broken- down, despairing, hopeless, quite dispirited, heart-broken, in despair. Broker, «. Factor, agent, middleman, go-between. Bronze, «. I. Alloy of copper, tin, and zinc. 2. Brown, brown color. 3. Brass, impudence, assurance, effrontery. Bronze, v. a. I. Brown, embrown, embronze. 2. Harden, indurate, render insensible or un- feeling. Brooch, n. Pin, clasp, broach. Brood, V. n. I. Incubate, sit. 2. Lie outspread, lie incumbent, lie low. Brood, n, I. Offspring, progeny, issue. 2. Breed, sort, kind, line, lineage, strain, ex- traction. Brood over. Dwell upon, think anxiously upon, morbidly meditate. Brook, «. Rivulet, streamlet, run, runnel, runlet, rill, bum, beck, small stream. Brook, V. a. Endure, bear, abide, tolerate, suffer, put up with, submit to, bear with, take patiently or easily Broom, n. Besom. BROTH 60 BULBUL Brothf ft. Soup {in which meat has been macer- ated). Brothel, n. Bagnio, stew, bawdy-house, bordel, house of prostitution, house of ill-fame. Brotberhoodr n. I. Relation of a brother, body of brethren. 2. Brotherliness, mutual kindness, friendliness, fraternal feeling, brotherly love. 3. Fraternity, association, sodality, society, clique, coterie, clan, junto. Brotherly, a. Fraternal, affectionate, kind, ami- cable, friendly, cordial. Brow, n. I. Eyebrow. 2. Forehead. 3. Edge ((W of a precipice), brink, border. Browbeat, v. a. Bully, overbear, beat down, treat insolently. Brown study. Reverie, musing, abstraction, pre- occupation, absence, absence of mind. Brownwort, «. Yellow figwort. Browse, n. Tender twigs of shrubs and trees. Browse, v. a. Nibble, crop, feed upon. Browse, v. n. I. Feed on browse. 2. (CoUoq) Live precariously. Bruin, «. {Colloq.) Bear. Bruise, v. a. I. Crush, squeeze, contuse. 2. Break, batter, pound, bray, pulverize, com- minute, triturate, break to pieces. 3. Indent, batter, deface. Bruise, « Contusion. Bruit, n. Rumor, fame, report, hearsay, tovni-talk. Bruit, V. a. Report, noise, b.aze, blazon, o^- spread abroad. Brunt, n. Shock, heat of onset. Brush, n. I. Skirnubh, engagement, rencounter, encounter, contest, fight, conflict, collision, action, affair. 2. Thicket, bushes, shrubs, underwood, brush- wood. Brushwood, n. Underwood, shrubs, bushes, brush. Brusque, ) a. Rude, rough, blunt, unceremonious, Brusk, ) abrupt, bluff, gruff, ungentle, uncivil, ungracious, bearish, discourteous, uncourteous, impolite. Brutal, a. I. Savage, ferocious, cruel, inhuman, unfeeling, barbarous, barbarian, fell, barbaric, ruthless, truculent, bloody, brutish, brute. 2. Churlish, gruff, bearish, harsh, uncivil, rude, rough, impolite, unmannerly, brusque, un- gentlemanly. 3. Gross, coarse, sensual, carnal, brutish, beastly, bestial. Brutality, n. Savageness, inhumanity, barbarity, cruelty, brutishness, ferocity, truculence, hardness of heart. Brute, n. I. Beast (J.n a wild state), quadruped, four-footed animal, ferocious animal. 2. Ruffian, barbarian, brutal monster. Brute, a. I. Irrational, void of reason. 2. Dumb, speechless, inarticulate, silent, voiceless, destitute of language. 3. Bestial, savage, barbarous. See Brutal. 4. Rough, rude, uncivilized. Brutish, a. I, See Brutal. 2. Irrational, brute. 3. Stupid, dull, insensible, stolid. 4. Gross, carnal, sensual, bestial, beastly. Brutum fulmen. [L.] Harmless thunderbolt, loud but harmless threatening, empty sound, "sound and fury, signifying nothing.' Buhhle, «. I. Bleb, blob, fluid vesicle. 2. Trifle, bagatelle, small matter. 3. Cheat, delusion, hoax, false show. Buccaneer, «. Pirate, corsair, sea-rover, sea- robber, freebooter, picaroon. Buck, n. I. Male {of the deer, sheep, goat, rabbit, and hare). 2. Blade, spark, gallant, blood, fop, dandy, beau ; gay, dashing fellow. 3. Lye, bleaching-matter, bleaching-liquid. Buckish, a. Gay, dashing, dandified, foppish. Buckle, n. I. Clasp, brooch, broach. 2. Curl, crimp, crimpage. Buckle, V. a. Fasten with a buckle. Buckle, V. n. I. Bend, bow, double up, curl, shrivel. 2. {Rare.) Struggle, contend, strive. Buckle one's self. Apply vigorously, set one's self earnestly. Buckler, «. I. Shield, segis. 2. Defence, protection, safeguard. Bucolic, n. Edogue, pastoral, idyl, pastoral poem. Bucolic, J T3 ^ 1 Bucolical, 1 '^' Pastoral, rustic. Bud, n. Germ, gem, bourgeon, sprout, shoot. Bud, V. n. Sprout, shoot, push, bourgeon, genni- nate, vegetate, pullulate, put forth, burst forth, shoot forth. Budge, V. n. Stir, move, go, move the least, flinch. Budget, n. I. Bag {with its contents), pack, packet, parcel, package, bundle, roll. 2. Stock, store, batch, lot, set, assortment, collection. 3. Governmental estimate, fiscal estimate. Buff, n. Buff-skin. Buff, a. I. Light yellow. 2. Made of buff or buff-skin. Buffalo, n. iU.S.-] Bison. " . " ffing-£ sion-guard. Buffer, n. I, Bufiing-apparatus, guard, concus- 2. Stupid lout, clown, dolt, duffer. Buffet, n. I. Slap, box, knock, stroke, rap, blow, cuff. 2. Cupboard, sideboard. 3. Refreshment-counter, luncheon-board. Buffet, V. a. I. Beat, box, slap, strike, smite, cuff. 2. Struggle against, contend against, resist. Buffle-headed, a. Dull, doltish, foolish, blockish, simple, witless, thick-skulled, stolid, loutish, beetle-headed, ox-headed, muddle-headed. See Stupid. Buffoon, «- Mountebank, harlequin, jester, droll, merry-andrew, punch, punchinello, clown, zany, scaramouch, fool, antic, jack-pudding, pickle- herring. Buffoonery, «. Jesting {of a low sort), mummery, foolery, tomfoolery, harlequinade, low pranks, vulgar tricks. Buff-Skin, n. Buff. BugahOO, n. See Bugbear. Bugbear, n. Hobgoblin, spectre, ogre, bugaboo, Gorgon, hydra, frightful object, raw head and bloody bones, object of baseless terror. Bugle, «. I. Hunting-horn, bugie-hom. 2. {Mil.) Call-bugle, keybugle. 3. Elongated bead, drop-ornament. Build, V. a. Construct, erect, raise, fabricate. Build, V. n. Construct edifices. Build, n. Make, form, shape, construction, model, figure. Building, «. I. Construction. 2. Structure, edifice, erection, fabric, pile. Build up. Establish, settle, preserve, mcrease, strengthen. Build Upon. Depend on, rest on, repose on, rely upon, calculate upon, reckon upon, count upon. Bulb, «. I. {Bot.) Scaly bud {like those of t/ie onion and tJte tulip). 2. Protuberance. Bulbous, ■.] Populace, rabble, mob, riff- raff, the vulgar, the crowd, vulgar herd, the igno- ble vulgar, low people, lowest class of people, the multitude, the milhon, scum of society, dregs of society, ignobile vulgus, rag-tag, tag-rag, tag-rag and bobtail. Canakin, ». Drinking-cup, pot. Canal, n. I. Artificial water-way. 2. Channel, duct, pipe, tube. Canard, n. [Fr.] Hoax, groundless story, false rumor, fabrication. . Cancel, v. a. I. Obliterate, efface, erase, ex- punge, blot, blot out, rub out, scratch out, wipe out. 2. Abrogate, annul, repeal, rescind, revoke, abolish, nullify, quash, set aside, make void. Cancellated, a. Cross-barred. Candelabrum, «. [L. pi. Candelabra ; Engr- pi. Ca?idelabrums.'\ Chandelier, lustre, branched candlestick. Candid, a. I. Impartial, fair, just, unprejudiced, unbiassed. 2. Open, free, ingenuous, artless, frank, sin- cere, honest, plain, honorable, naive, guileless, straightforward, open-hearted, frank-hearted, above-board. Candidate, n. Aspirant, solicitant. Candle, n. Taper, light. Candle-ends, «. pi. Scraps, savings, scrapings, fragments, worthless trifles, petty savings. Candle-holder, n. Inferior, subordinate, assist- ant. See Aid. Candle-light, n. I. Light of candles, illumina- tion by candles. 2. Dark, dark hours, afler dark. Candlemas, n February 2. Candor, «. I. Fairness, impartiality, justice, free- dom from prejudice, freedom from bias. 2. Openness, ingenuousness, artlessness, frank- ness, guilelessness, truthfulness, honesty, sin- cerity, straightforwardness, simplicity, ndiveti. Cane brimstone. Roll sulphur, stick sulphur. Canicula, «. Sirius, dog-star. Canicular days. Dog-days. Canine madness. Hydrophobia. Canker, «. I. Mordent ulcer, gangrene, rot 2. Corrosion, erosion, blight. 3. Corruption, infection, blight, bane, bale, irritation. Canker, v. a I. Corrode, erode, eat away. 2. Infect, corrupt, blight, envenom, poison, sour, embitter, fill with gall. Canker, v. n. Be blighted, grow embittered, be- come malignant, become infected or corrupted. Canker-rash, «. Putrid sore throat. Canker-worm, ». Span-worm, looper, geometer. Cannibals, «. //. Anthropophagi, man-eaters. Cannon, n. Great gun. Cannonade, v. a. Attack with cannon, attack with heavy artillery. Canon, «. I. Rule {especially in ecclesiastical matters), law, formula, formulary, standard. 2. Received books of Scripture, canonical books. 3. Catalogue of saints. Canonical, a. I. Received, authorized, accord- ing to the canon. 2. Regular, stated. Canonicals, «. pi. Full dress {of a clergyman). Canonize, v. a. Declare a saint, make a saint of, enroll in the canon. Canopy, «. Awning, tilt, baldaquin. Canorous, a. Musical, tuneful. Cant, n I. Whining talk, pious prating, sancti- monious phrases. 2. Hypocrisy, affected piety, sham holiness. 3. Peculiar form of speech, professional par- lance, partisan vocabulary, shibboleths of sect, popular cry. 4. Slang, jargon, low language, thieves' vocab- ulary, argot, lingo. 5. Auction, vendue, auction sale. 6. Turn, tilt, slant. Cant, a. Set, partisan, routine, current, rote, popu- lar, bandied by the crowd. Cant, V. n. Whine, affect piety. Cantankerous, a. (Collo^.) Crabbed, perverse, stubborn, obstinate, unyielding, refractory, con- tumacious, headstrong, wilful, dogged, intracta- ble, heady, obdurate, stiff, cross-grained. Canter, «. I. Whiner, sanctimonious prater, pious twattler, Pharisee. 2. Easy gallop, gentle gallop. Canter, v. «. Gallop gently. Cantharldes, n. pi. See Spanish Flibs. Canticle, «. See Song Canticles, «. //. The song of songs, Song of Solomon. Cantilever ^ Cantaliver! ! ''v Bracket, modillion, projecting CantiUver, J ^^^'"• Canting, a. I. Affected, whining, affectedly pious, sanctimonious. 2. Hypocritical, insincere, hollow. Cantonment, n. Quarters. Canvass, v. a. I. Debate, discuss, dispute, agitate. 2. Investigate, examine, scrutinize, sift, study, consider, follow up, inquire into. 3. Bespeak the votes of, solicit votes from. Canvass, «. I. Discussion, debate, dispute. 2. Examination, scrutiny, sifting. 3. Solicitation of votes- Canyon, «. [Sp. Canon.^ Gorge, ravine, gulch. Caoutchouc, n. India-rubber, gum-elastic. Cap, «• I. Head-cover, head-gear, bonnet, head- dress, coif, coiffure, caul. 2. Cover, covering. 3. Acme, crown, head, summit, pitch, peak, top, chief, perfection. Cap, V. a. I. Cover, surmount. 2. Crown, complete, finish. 3. Exceed, surpass, transcend, overtop. 4. Match, pattern, parallel. Capability, «. I. Capableness, capacity, ability. 2. Ability, power, skill, competency, capacity, efficiency, calibre, faculty, force, scope, brains. CAPABLE 66 CARE FOR Capable* a. l. Susceptible, open (to), admitting. 2. Qualified, suited, fitted, adapted. 3. Able, competent, intelligent, clever, skilful, efficient, ingenious, sagacious, gifted, accom- plished. Capableness, «. See Capability Capacious, a. Spacious, ample, large, wide, broad, extensive, roomy, expanded, comprehen- sive. Capadoiisness, ». Spaciousness, amplitude, large- ness, roominess, vastness, openness, freedom, breadth, extent, extensiveness, expansiveness, comprehensiveness. Capacitate, v. a. Qualify, enable, make able, make or render capable. Capacity, «. I. Containing power, magnitude \in reference to contents), volume, dimensions, amplitude, extent of room or space. 2. Power {^of apprehension), faculty, talent, genius, gift, turn, forte, parts, brains, aptness, aptitude, discernment, wit, mother-wit, calibre. 3. Ability, ableness, capability, cleverness, skill, skilfulness, competency, efficiency, readi- ness. See Calibre. 4. Office, post, position, sphere, province, character, function, service, charge. Cap-a-pie, ad. [Fr.] From head to foot. Capariscn, n. Trapping i^for a horse), housing, barde, barb(e). Cape, «. Headland, promontory. Caper, v. n Leap {in a frolicsotne mood), hop, skip, jump, bound, romp, gambol, frisk, dance. Caper, «. Leap (tn a frolicsome mood), skip, hop, spring, bound, gambol, romp, prank, freak. Capillary, a. Fine {like a hair), slender, minute, delicate, filiform. Capital, a. I. Chief, principal, leading, essential, cardinal, first in importance. 2. Fatal, forfeiting life, involving death. 3. {Colloq.) Excellent, good, prime, first-rate, first-class. Capital, «. I. Metropolis, chief city or town. 2. Large letter, capital letter. 3. Stock, sum invested. 4. {Arch) Head of a column, pillar, or pilas- ter. Capital crime. Crime punishable with death. Capitalist, n. Investor, man of means, holder of surplus wealth, person of large resources. Capital letter. Capital, large letter. Capital punishment. Punishment or penalty of death, death-penalty. Capitation tax. Poll tax. Capitulate, v. «. Surrender {hy treaty), yield on conditions. Capitulation, «. Surrender {by treaty). Caprice, «. Whim, freak, fancy, humor, crotchet, maggot, quirk, vagary, whimsev, whim-wham. Capricious, a. Whimsical, fanciful, fantastical, crotchety, humorsome, wayward, odd, queer, fitful, freakish, changeable, uncertain, fickle, variable. Capsicum, n. Cayenne, cayenne pepper, red pep- per. Capsize, v. a. Upset, overturn. Capsule, n. I. Case, wrapper, envelope, cover- ing, shell, sheath. 2. {Bat.) Pod, pericarp, seed-vessel. 3. {Chem.) Evaporating dish. 4. Percussion cap. Captain, n. I. Commander, leader, chief, chieftain. 2. Warrior, soldier, military genius. Captain-general, n. Generalissimo, general, commander-in-chief. Captions, a. I. Censorious, cavilling, carping, hypercritical, disposed to cavil, given to fault- finding. 2. Crabbed, snappish, testy, touchy, waspish, splenetic, cross, snarling, acrimonious, cantank- erous ifolloq.), contentious. 3. Ensnaring, insidious. Captivate, z/ ■ a. Charm, fascinate, enchant, be- witch, enamour, win, catch, lead captive, please highly. Captive, «. Prisoner. Captivity, «. I. Imprisonment, confinement, duress, durance. 2. Bondage, thraldom, enthralment, servitude, subjection, slavery, vassalage. Capture, «. I. Seizure, arrest, apprehension, catching, catch, taking captive, making prisoner. 2. Prize. Capture, v. a. Seize, catch, apprehend, arrest, take by force, take possession of, make prisoner. Capuchin, «. Franciscan, Minorite, Gray Friar. Caput mortuum. Residuum {of distillation or of sublimation), worthless residue. Carack, n. [Written also Carac.\ Argosy, galleon. Caracole, v. n. Wheel, prance, curvet. Carafe, «. Water-bottle, water-cooler. Caramel, «. F>urnt sugar. Caravansary, I «.^ lavem {in the East), khan, Caravansera, ) inn, public-house, house of en- tertainment. Carbonate of ammonia. Sal-volatile, smelling- salts, sesqui-carbonate of an.monia. Carbonic acid. Choke-damp, fixed air, foul air, mephitic air, carbonic-acid gas. Carbonize, v. a. Convert into carbon. Carcass, «. I. Dead body (of an animaT)^ corpse, corse. 2. Body {in contempt or ridicule). 3. Mere framework. Cardiac, «. {Med.) Cordial. Cardialgia> ) ». {Med.) Heart-bum, cardiac pas- Cardialgy, ) sion. Cardinal, a. Principal, chief, main, leading, most important, essential, capital, central, viial. Caidinal-bird, «. Cardinal-grosbeak, Virginian nightingale, scarlet grosbeak, red-bird (Frin- gilla cardinalis, Cardinalis Virginianus). Cardinal-flower, ». Scariet lobelia {Lobelia cardinalis). Cardinal-grcsbealE, «. Cardinal-bird, scarlet grosbeak, red-bird, Virginian nightingale. Cardinal points. East, west, north, and south ; the four points of the compass. Cardinal virtues. Prudence, temperance, justice, and fortitude. Carditis, «. (Med.) Inflammation of the heart. Care, «. I. Anxiety, solicitude, concern, trouble, perplexity, worry (colloq.). 2. Caution, heed, regard, attention, circum- spection, carefulness, watchfulness, vigilance. 3. Charge, oversight, superintendence, direc- tion, management. 4. Object of care, charge, burden. Care, v.n. I. Be anxious, be solicitous, feel con- cerned, be troubled, worry one's self. 2. Be inclined, be disposed, hke, feel inter- ested. 3. Have regard. Careen, v. a. Lay on one side. ^ Careen, v. n. Lean to one side, incline to one side. Career, «. I. Course, race. 2. Procedure, conduct, course of action, man- ner of life, course of life, course of conduct, ac- tive life. Career, v. n. Sweep, rush, course, move rapidly. Care for. I. Have regard for, pay heed to, attach value to, ascribe importance to. 2. Be interested in, like, be fond of, be at- tached to CAREFUL 67 CASEHARDENED Carefnlt «. I. {Rare.) Anxious, solicitous, con- cerned, troubled, uneasy. 2. Heedful, attentive, thoughtful. See Prov- ident. 3. Watchful, cautious, circumspect, vigilant. CarelesSt a. I. Unperplexed, undisturbed, un- troubled, free from care, without anxiety, un- solicitous. 2. Heedless, thoughtless, inattentive, uncon- cerned, unmindful, incautious, unthinking, for- getful, remiss, listless, supine, regardjess, neglect- ful, negligent. 3. Unconsidered, inconsiderate. Carelessness, n. Thoughtlessness, heedlessness, inattention, inadvertence, inconsiderateness, re- missness, listlessness, negligence, neglect, uncon- cern, supineness. Caress, v. a. Fondle, embrace, hug, pet, kiss, cod- dle, cosset, treat with fondness. CaresSt «• Embrace, kiss, expression of affection. Caressing, «. Fondimg, endearment, blandish- ment, billing and cooing. Cargo, «. Lading, freight, load, burden <7r burthen. CaritMU, «. American reindeer. Caricature, «. Travesty, parody, farce, bur- lesque, ludicrous representation, take-off (co//^y.)' Caricature, v. a. Burlesque, travesty, parody, take off (colloq.). Caries, ». [L.J (Med.) Ulceration {of a bone), cariosity. Cariosity, «. See Caries. Carious, a. Ulcerated (as a bone\ decayed, morti- fied, rotten, putrid. Cark, «. and V. n. See Cark, n. and v. n. Cark, V. a. Fret, worry, perplex, harass, grieve, annoy. Carklng, a. Distressing, worrying, grievous, wear- Carfe, «. Churl, clown, boor, lout, clumsy rustic, bumpkin. CarlOCk, «. Fish-glue {made from, the bladder of the sturgeon), isinglass, ichthyocol, ichthyocolla. Carmlnauve, a. Warming, antispasmodic. Carnage, «. Slaughter, butchery, massacre, blood- shed, havoc. Carnal, a. I. Fleshly, sensual. 2. Lustful, libidinous, lecherous, lascivious, lickerish, lubric(al), lubricous, concupiscent, sala- cious. 3. Natural, unspiritual, unregenerate, earthly, temporal. Carnality, «. Sensuality, grossness (of mind), sensual appetites, fleshly lusts. Carnal-minded, a. Worldly-minded. Carnivorous, a. Flesh-eating. Carol, n. Song, lay, ditty. Carol, V. ft. Sing, warble. Carol, V. a. I. Sing, warble, chant, hum. 2. Hymn, celebrate in song. Caroiual, n. I. Feast, festival, entertainment, jovial banquet, merry-making, resale. 2. Revelling, revelry, revel, bacchanals, sat- urnalia, debauch, compotation, wassail, orgies, carouse, cups, drinking-bout, spree (colloq.), jollification {colloq.). Carouse, v. n. Revel, tipple, guzzle. Carouse, «. See Carousal. Carouser, «. Reveller, tippler, toper, drunkard, debauchee, bacchanal, bacchanalian. Carp at. Cavil at, find fault with, pick flaws in. Carper, «. Caviller, censurer, captious censor. CarpllOlogy, «. (Med.) Floccillation, tilmus, picking the bed-clothes. Carping, a. Cavilling, censorious, captious, hy- percritical. Carping, « • Censure, cavil, feult-finding, hyper- criticism, captious criticism. Carpus, n. [L.] (Anat.) Wrist. Carrageen, t ». [W^nilemXso Carragheen.'] Irish Carrigeen, ) moss, carrageen moss {Fucus cris- pus or Chondrus crisfus). Carriage, «. I. Vehicle, conveyance. 2. Bearing, manner, demeanor, air, mien. 3, Behavior, deportment, conduct. Carrion, «. Putrefying flesh, putrescent or pu- trid meat. Carroty, a. Reddish-yellow {said of the hair). Carry, v. a. I. Convey, bear, transport. 2. Urge, impel, push forward. 3. Accomplish, effect, gain, secure, compass, bring about. 4. Support, sustain, bear up. 5. Transfer. 6. Imply, import, signify, infer, involve. Cany Ofl'. l. Remove, take away. 2. Destroy, kill. Carry on. {Active^ ^ I. Conduct, manage, trans- act, prosecute, continue, help forward. 2. {Neuter.) [Colloq.] Frolic, cut capers, play tricks, behave wildly or rudely. Cirry one's self. Conduct, behave, demean, de- port, quit, or acquit one's self. CfUry Ottt. Apply, execute, put in practice, carry into detail, complete. Carry through. Accomplish, consummate, finish, complete, work out, bring to a close, bring about, bring to pass. Cart Iwfore the horse. {Colloq) Absurdity, ab- surd thing, hysteron froteron, topsy-turvy. Carte, «. LFr] I^i*' o^ fare. Carte-hlanche, «. [Fr.] Unlimited authority, full powers. Cartilage, n . Gristle . Cartilaginous, a. Gristly. CartOUCh, «. Cartridge-box, cartridge-case. Cartridge-box, n. Cartouch, cartridge-case. Carucate, «. Plough-land, hide-land [As much land as a team can plough in the year.] Carve, v. a. I. Sculpture, chisel, cut. 2. Form, shape, fashion, mould. 3. Engrave, grave. 4. Cut, hew, back. 5. Cut in pieces or slices, slice, divide. Carve, v. n. I. Exercise the trade of a carver. 2. Cut meat at table. Carve out. I. Cut out, cut through. 2. Achieve (by one's own exertions), win, accomplish. Carver, «. Sculptor (in wood or ivory). Carving, «. Sculpture {in wood or ivory). Cascade, n. Cateract, waterfall, fall. Case, n. I. Covering, sheathe, capsule. 2. Box. 3. State, condition, situation, plight, predica- ment. 4. Instance, particular occurrence, example, specific instance. 5. Circumstance, condition, contingency, event. 6. Suit, action, cause, process, trial. 7._ Question, matter of inquiry, subject of dis- cussion. 8. Declension-form, case-ending, inflection, form. Case, v.a. I. Cover {with a case), protect, wrap, encase, enclose, envelop. 2. Box, put in a box or case, pack, pack up. Caseharden, v. a. Harden {on the outside), steel, convert into steel {on the surface). Casehardened, a. and /. I. Hardened {on the outside), steeled, converted into steel {on the sur- face), indurated. 2. Conscience-seared, obdurate, reprobate, dead to duty, lost to shame, brazen, brazen- faced. CASEINE 68 CATCH Caseine, «. [Written also Casein."] Caseum, curd of milk, coagulable part of milk, coagulum of milk, legumin. Caseous, a. Cheesy, of the nature of cheese. Caseum, «. [L.] See Caseine. Case-worm, «. Caddice, caddis, cade-worm, ca- dew, cad-bait, cad-bate, cod-bait. Cash, n. I. Coin, specie. 2. Money, ready money. Cash, V, a. Turn into money, pay in money. Cashier, «. Cash-keeper, keeper of the ready money, manager of the cash. Cashier, v. a. Break, discharge, discard, dismiss from office, cast off, turn away, send away. Casino, n. [It.] I. Cottage, small house, lodge. 2. Club-house, gaming-house, dancing-hall, dancing-saloon. Cask, «. I. Hooped wooden vessel {as a hogs- head, butt, pipe, tun, barrel, keg, etc.). 2. Helmet. See Casque. Casket, n. Little box. Casque, n. [Fr.] Helmet, cask, helm, morion. Cassava, «• Tapioca {crude), manioc. Cast, V. a. I. Throw, fling, hurl, send, toss, pitch, sling, shy {colloq.). 2. Drive, impel, force, thrust. 3. Shed, put off, lay aside. 4. Compute, reckon, calculate. 5. Found, form in a mould. 6. Assign, allot, appoint,apportion, appropriate. 7. Direct, turn 8. Impart, communicate, throw, shed, diffuse. Cast, n. I. Throw, fling, toss. 2. Tinge, tint, shade, touch. 3. Manner, style, air, mien, look, turn, tone, character. 4. Mould, form. 5. Assignment of parts. Cast about. Consider, revolve in the mind, pon- der, search, seek, inquire. Cast anchor. Let go the anchor. Cast away. I. Reject, discard. See Cast off. 2. Throw away, waste, squander, fling away. 3. Wreck, strand, founder, shipwreck. Castaway, «• Outcast, reprobate, vagabond, abandoned wretch, moral shipwreck, moral wreck, lost soul. Castaway, a. Rejected, discarded, abandoned, cast-off. Cast hy. Reject, discard, throw away, cast off. Cast down. Dejected, depressed, discouraged, melancholy, sad, downcast, disheartened, chap- fallen, downhearted, desponding, despondent, blue, dispirited, low-spirited, in low spirits. Caste, n. I, Permanent hereditary order (among the Hindoos), Varna, fixed class. 2. Social order (generally), class-distinction, class, rank, grade of society. Caster, n. I. Thrower, hurler. 2. Calculator, computer. 3. Founder, moulder. 4. Cruet, cruse, phial. 5. Cruet-frame, cruet-stand. [In this sense, usually in //., casters.] 6. Castor, small wheel or swivel {on which furniture is rolled) Cast forth. Eject, emit, throw out. Castigate, v. a. I. Chastise, whip, beat, punish with stripes or the lash, lash, flog. 2. Discipline, correct, punish, chasten. 3. Upbraid, flagellate, fall foul of, dress down, take to task, haul over the coals, censure bitterly, criticise severely, trim out, call to account. CasUgation, «• I. Whipping, beating, lashing, flagellation, drubbing, flogging, chastisement. 2. Punishment, chastisement, discipline, cor- rection, chastening. 3. Upbraiding, taking to task, lashing, flagel- lation, trimming, hauling over the coals, dressing down, invective, censorious assault, berating, de- nunciation, objurgation. Castigatory, 72. (Law.) Trebuchet <7r trebucket, tumbrel or tumbril, ducking-stool, cuckine-stool. Cast in the teeth. Reproach with, twit with. Castle, n. I. Fortress, citadel, stronghold, forti- fied residence. 2. Rook (in chess). Castle-builder, «. Visionarj', dreamer, enthusiast, fanciful projector. Cast off . I. Reject, discard, abandon, forsake, renounce, lay aside, cast by, cast away, throw away, throw by, get rid of. 2. (Naut.) Loose, untie, let go, let slip. Cast-off, a. Discarded, castaway, cast-aside, thrown aside, worn, worn-out. Castor, «. I. Caster, small wheel or swivel {on which ftirniture is rolled). 2. (Med.) Castoreum, Castoreum, «. [L.] (Med.) Castor. Cast out. I. Eject, expel, oust, turn out of doors. 2. Send forth, throw out, eject, hurl out or forth. Castrate, v. a. I, Geld, emasculate, glib, deprive, ol virility, make a eunuch. 2. Deprive of vigor, mortify, suppress, subdue, weaken, take the life out of. Castration, «. Orchotomy, gelding, emasculation, glibbing. Castrel, «. Windhover, kestrel, stannel {Falco iinnunculus). Cast up. I. Compute, calculate, reckon, cast. 2. Eject, throw up, vomit, spew, puke. Casual, a. Accidental, fortuitous, incidental, con- tingent, that happens by chance. Casualty, «. I. Chance, fortuity, contingency hap, unforeseen event. 2. Accident, disaster, misfortune, calamity, mischance, catastrophe. Catachrestic, \ a. Forced, strained, far-fetched, Catachrestical, ) recondite, studiously sought, wrested. Cataclysm, «. I. Inundation, deluge, overflow, flood. 2. (Geol.) Catastrophe, overwhelming change. Catacomb, n. Crypt, vault, tomb. Catalepsy, «. (Med.) Trance. Catalogue, «• List (arranged in a certain order) register, roll, record, schedule, invoice, inven- tory. Catamenia, «. pi. [Gr.] Menses, menstrual dis- charges, menstrual flux, courses. Catamenial, a. Menstrual. Catamount, «. Cougar, puma. North American tiger (Felis concolor). Cataplasm, «. Poultice. Cataract, »• I. Waterfall, fall, cascade, 2. (Med.) Obstructed sight, loss of sight (from opacity of the crystalline lens). Catarrh, «. Cold in the head. Catastrophe, «. I. Upshot, issue, consummation, conclusion, termination, denouement, finaie^ winding up, finishing stroke, final event. 2. Disaster, misfortune, mishap, mischance. See Calamity. Catch, V. a. I. Grasp, seize, snatch, clutch, gripe, grasp, lay hold of, fasten upon. 2. Arrest, apprehend, capture. 3. Overtake, come up with. 4. Ensnare, entrap, entangle. 5. Captivate, charm, enchant, fascinate, be- witch, win. 6. Take (d, graveyard, cemetery, necropolis. God's acre. Churl, n. I, Rustic, peasant, countrj'man, clod- hopper, bumpkin, ploughman, clown. 2. Ill-bred man, surly fellow. 3, Niggard, miser, skinflint, scrimp, curmud- geon, hunks, mean fellow. Chtirllsh, a. I. Rude, harsh, brusque, uncivil, impolite, rough, brutish, surly, cynical, snarling, snappish, waspish. 2. Crabbed, morose, sullen, ill-tempered. 3. Niggardly, rniserly, close, close-fisted, sor- did, penurious, stingy, mean, illiberal. Churlishness, «. I. Rudeness, incivility, rough- ness, briitishness. 2. Crabbedness, moroseness, sullenness, tart- ness, acrimony, acerbity, asperity, harshness, bitterness, ill-temper. 3. Niggardliness, stinginess, penuriousness, closeness, meanness, miserliness, sordidness, close-fistedness. Churn, v. a. I. Agitate, jostle violently, cause to foam. 2. Produce by churning. Chum-owl, n. Goat-sucker, night-jar, wheel- bird [Caprimulgus Eurofaus). Churr-worm, «. Mole-cricket, fan-cricket, fen- cricket {Gryllotalpa vulgaris). Cicada, «. Harvest-fly {popularly but erroneously called locust in the U. 6.). gSSS'i"- scar,-™. Cicatrize, v. a. Heal, cover with a scar, cause to heal up. Cicatrize, v. n. Heal, scar over. CiciSbeo, H- tit.l (3a.\\dLnx(qf a married woman), beau, suitor, lover, admirer, dangler about women. Ci-devant, a. [Fr,] Former, late, quondam, old- time. Cimeter. «. Falchion, scimeter. Cimeter-Shaped, « Acinaciform. Cimmerian, a. Black, very dark, intensely dark, midnight. Cinchona, n. Quinquina, Peruvian bark, Jesuit's bark, Cinchona bark. Cincture, «. Band, belt, girdle, cestus. Cinctured, a. Girded, belted, girdled, girt, engirt. Cinders, «. pi. Embers. Cinereous, a. Ashy, ashen, cineritious, like ashes. Cineritious, a. I. Ashy. See CiNEKEOUS. 2. Ash-colored, a.'^hen, ash-gray. Cinnabar, «. I. Red sulphuret of mercury {na- tive), bi-sulphuret of mercury. 2. Vermilion, red sulphuret of mercury {arti- ficiaf). 3. Dragon's blood {juice of the Calamus draco). Cipher, «. I. Zero, naught or nought, nothing. 2. Character, symbol, device, monogram. 3. Secret character, private alphabet. 4. Person of no account, nobody, person with- out influence. Cipher, v. n. Practise arithmetic, use figures. Circean, a. Magical, enchanting, spell-binding, brutifying. Circle, «. I. Round, plane figure. 2. Circumference, periphery, ring. 3. Orb, sphere, globe, ball. 4. Returning series. 5. Compass, enclosure. 6. Company, society, class, fraternity, coterie, clique, set. 7. Range, sphere, province, field, compass, bounds, circuit, region. Circlet, «. Little circle. Circuit, n, I. Revolution, circular course. 2. Space, region, . tract, district, province, range, sphere, field, compass, bounds. 3. Boundary, compass, boundary line, dis- tance round. 4. Course, tour, round, perambulation, journey. CirCtdtoUS, a. Tortuous, devious, turning, wind- ing, indirect, roundabout. CIRCULAR 76 CLASH Circtllar, a. Round, annular, ring-shaped. Circulate, v. n. I. Move round, move in a circle. 2. Spread, be diffused, have currency. Circulate, v. a. Spread, diiTuse, disseminate, promulgate, propagate, give currency to, spread abroad. Circulation, n. I. Motion in a circle. 2. Diffusion, dissemination, promulgation, propagation, spread, spreading. 3. Currency, money, circulating medium. 4. Extent of subscription, number of copies distributed, number of takers, number of copies disposed of. CircumamWent, a. Surrounding, encompassing, encircling, circling, circumjacent, ambient. Circumference, «. Periphery Circumjacent, a. Surrounding, encompassing, encircling, ambient, circumambient, environing, enfolding, enclosing, lying around. Circumlocution, «. Periphrasis, periphrase, cir- cuit or compass of words, indirect expression, roundabout mode of speech, involved expres- sion. Circumlocutory, a. Periphrastical, periphrastic, roundabout, indirect, involved, diffuse. Circumnavigate, v. a. Sail round Circumscribe, v, a. I. Bound, encircle, sur- round, enclose. 2. Confine, restrict, limit, keep within bounds. Circumspect, (Z. Cautious, wary, careful, watch- ful, heedful, considerate, judicious, vigilant, at- tentive, discreet, prudent, observant. Circumspection, «. Caution, wariness, watchful- ness, thoughtfulness, care, vigilance, attention, prudence, discretion, forecast. Circumstance, «. I. Incidental, accidental, or subsidiary fact. 2. Event, fact, incident, occurrence. Circumstances, n. //._ I. Situation, condition, position, state of affairs. 2. Surroundings, environment, attendant con- ditions. 3. Pecuniary standing, moneyed condition. Circumstantial » a. I. Particular, minute, de- tailed. 2. Indirect, inferential, presumptive, founded on circumstances. Circumvent, v. a. I. Thwart, check, check- mate, outgeneral. 2. Deceive, cheat, defraud, trick, cozen, over- reach, delude, hoodwink, dupe, gull, bamboozle, chouse, outwit, beguile, mislead, inveigle, im- pose upon. Circumvention, «. Fraud, deception, imposition, imposture, deceit, cheat, cheating, trick, trickery, indirection, crooked ways, chicanery, wiles. Cirrus, «. [//. OVr/.] I. (Bot.) Tendril, fila- ment. 2. (Zool.) Filamentary appendage. 3. {Meteor.) Curl-cloud, cat's-tail, mare's- tail. Cistern, «. Reservoir, tank. Citadel, «. Castle, stronghold. See Fortress. Citation, ». I. Summons, official call ondence, harnnony, agreement, unity, rationality, intelli- gibility, intelligible meaning. Coherent, a. I. Connected, united, adherent, sticking together. 2. Consistent congruous, logical, intelligible. Cohesion, n. I. Coherence, sticking together. 2. Cohesive force or attraction. Cohort, n. I. Tenth of a legion. 2. [In pi., usually poetic. I Bands, battal- ions, squadrons, lines. Coifture, «. Head-dress. Coign, «. Corner, quoin, coin. Coil, V. a. Gather into a coil, lay into a spiral. Coil, V. n. Make coils, form spiral rings. Coil, n. I. Convolution, circular heap, spiral ring, spiral. 2. Perplexities, entanglements, tumult, bustle, care, turmoil, clamor, confusion, uproar. Coin, n. 1. Corner, ouoin, coign. 2. Prop, wedge, plug, key, quoin. 3. Specie, cash, money, metallic money, hard money, stamped money. Coin, V. a. I. Convert (metal) into money by stamping, convert into coin. 2. Invent, fabricate, devise, create, form, mould, stamp. Coinage, n. I. Coin. 2. Invention, fabrication, creation. Coincide, v. n. I. Be identical (in place or time\ fall exactly together, be conterminous, fill identi- cal spaces or times, fit exactly, cover each other exactly. 2. Correspond, square, tally, cohere. 3. Agree, concur, harmonize, be of the same mind. Coincidence, n. I. Exact overlapping, identical size or duration, exact equality, precise falling together. 2. Correspondence, coherence. 3. Agreement, concurrence, consistency. Coincident, a. I. Exactly conterminous, exactly overlying, identical in extent or duration. 2. Correspondent, tallying, squaring. 3. Agreeing, concurring, concurrent Coition, n. Copulation, sexual conjunction, sexual congress, sexual intercourse. Cold, a. I. Devoid of warmth or heat, chilled, frigid, gelid, cool, cooled. 2. Bleak, raw, biting, cutting, nipping, chill, chilly, boreal, arctic, polar, frosty, icy, winti7, hyemal, brumal. 3. Chiilv, chill, shivering, 4. Apathetic, unsympathetic, unresponsive, phlegmatic, stoical, unfeeling, unsusceptible, iin- impressible, passionless, cold-blooded, sluggish, torpid, lukewarm, dead, indifferent, unconcerned, frigid, freezing, without heart. 5.^ Unaffecting, uninteresting, spiritless, un- inspiring, dull, dead. 6. Untouched by desire, without passion, coldly chaste. Cold, n. I. Absence of warmth, want of heat. 2. Coldness, chilliness. 3. Catarrh, couch (or other inflammatory disease produced by exposure to cold). Cold-blooded, a. I. Having cold blood. 2. Unfeeling, apathetic, cold-hearted. See Cold, 4. 3. Deliberate, calculating, calculated, heart- less, unrelenting, relentless, remorseless, cruel. Cold-hearted, a. Unfeeling. See Cold, 4. Cole, «. Cabbage. Cole-slaw, «. Cabbage salad, sliced cabbage. Colewort, «. Kale or kail. Colic, n. Spasmodic pain in the bowels, intes- tinal cramp. Collapse, n, I. Falling together, falling in (as the sides of a flue). 2. (Med.) Prostration, exhaustion, sinking, extreme depression. 3. Break-down, downfall, utter failure, dead failure, abortion, bnitum /ulmen, "lame and impotent conclusion," flash in the pan. Collapse, V. n. I. Fall together, fall in. 6 COLLAR 82 COMBUSTION 2. Break-down, come to nothing, fail utterly, go out in smoke, vanish in thin air. Odlar, n. I. Neck-band. 2. Neck-harness. 3. Ring, fillet, belt, band, guard. Collar, V. a. I, Seize by the collar or throat. 2. Put a collar on, fit with a collar, fillet, belt. Collar-I)one, ». Clavicle. Collate, V. a. Compare, bring into comparison, compare critically, estimate relatively. Collateral, a. I. Indirect, subordinate, not directly to the point. 2. Corroboratory, confirniatory, concurrent. Collation, «. I. Comparison. 2. Meal {less than a feast), light repast, sim- ple entertainment, luncheon. Colleague, «. Associate (/« office)^ coadjutor, co-operator, assistant, collaborator, coUaborateur, co-laborer, helper, aider, co-aid, partner, ally. Collect, V. a. I. Gather, assemble, muster, bring together. 2. Accumulate, amass, aggregate, garner, heap up, garner up, scrape together. 3. {Rare.) Infer, deduce, argue, consider probable. Collection, «. I. Assemblage, group, cluster, gathering, crowd. 2. Accumulation, heap, mass, hoard, store, pile, aggregation. 3. Contribution {/or charitable purposes). Collect one's self. Recover from surprise, re- cover one's self-possession, become calm. College, «. I. Society {of persons engaged in common pursuits), corporation, guild, associa- tion, community, body. 2. Literary institution or seminary of learning (pf the highest class). 3. College edifice or building. Collide, V. n. I. Come into collision, strike vio- lently against each other, dash against each other, run into each other, encounter with a shock, crash together. 2. Clash, interfere, be antagonistic or in an- tagonism, be at variance. Collier, n. I. Coal-miner, coal-digger. 2. Coal-dealer, coal-merchant, dealer in coals. 3 Coal-transport, coaling vessel. Colliery, «. Coal-mine, coal-pit. Colligate, v. a. I. Unite, combine, fasten to- gether, bind. 2. Bring into unity, form into a logical whole, combine, unite, unify. Colliquate, v. a. and V. n. Melt, dissolve, liquefy. Collision, «. I, Clash, shock, concussion, crash. 2. Opposition, interference, crashing, conflict. Collocate, v. a. {Rare.) Place, set, dispose, arrange. Collocation, «. Arrangement, disposition, group- ing, Collop, «. Slice {of meat), rasher. Collo down, keep under. 3. Urge, impel, draw, draw urgently or irre- sistibly. Constraint, «. I. Compulsion, force, necessity, obligation, coercion. 2. Confinement, restraint, imprisonment, in- carceration, iuthralment, durance, duress, cap- tivity. Constrict, v. a. Cramp, contract, compress. Cons'oiction, «. Contraction, compression. Construct, v. a. I. Fabricate, build, erect, raise, set up, put together. 2. Organize, institute, originate, invent, ar- range, make, form, frame. Constructor, n. Builder. Construction, n. I. fabrication, erection, build- ing. 2. Structure, formation, conformation, con- figuration, form, figure, shape, mode of con- structing. 3. Interpretation, explanation, version, ren- dering. Construe, v. a. Interpret, explain, expound, translate, render, put an interpretation upon. ConsuI)Stantiation, ». Impanation (Jhe Luthe- ran doctrine of the Eucharist). Consuetudinaiy, a. {Rare.) Usual, common, wonted, customary, accustomed, conventional. Consulate, n. Consulship,' consular office, con- sular government, consular term. ConsulsMp, «. See Consulate. Consult, V. n. [Followed by with.'\ I. Confer, seek counsel, take counsel, deliberate. 2. {Used absolutely, \ Take counsel (together), confer, deliberate together. Consult, V. a. I. Ask advice of, seek informa- tion from. 2. Consider, regard, care for, have reference to, have regard to, take into account Consultation, n. I. Consulting, making in- quiry, seeking the advice. 2. Conference, deliberation. 3. Council, meeting for deliberation. Consume, v. a. Destroy, waste, spend, expend, exhaust, devour, lavish, squander, dissipate, use up. Consume, v. n. Waste away, be exhausted, per- ish, decay, vanish out of being Consumedly, ad. Hugely, extremely, greatly, ex- haustingly, tremendously. Consummate, v. a. Complete, finish, perfect, ac- complish, compass, effect, perform, achieve, ex- ecute, do, carry out, bring about, work out. Consummate, a. Complete, perfect, finished, supreme. Consummation, «. Completion, termination, fin- ishing, close, accomplishment, fulfilment, achieve- ment, realization, last stroke, finishing stroke, last finish, final touch, crowning touch. Consumption, n. I. Extinction, destruction, waste, expenditure, use, using up. 2. Phthisis, marasmus, atrophy, decline, tabes, gradual wasting, propessive emaciation. Contact, «. Touch, juxtaposition, junction, con- tiguity, close union. Contagion, «. I. Infection, communication of disease {by contact, direct or indirect). 2. Contagious matter, disease-germs, virus, contagium. 3. Contamination, taint, corruption, infection. 4. Pestilential influence, poisonous exhala- tions, pestilence, poisoned air. Contagious, a, I. infectious, catching. 2. Pestilential, pestiferous, poisonous, deadly. Contain,^ v. a. I. Comprehend, comprise, em- brace, include, embody. 2. Hold, have capacity for. 3. Restrain, keep in check. Contain. 7>. n. Be continent, live in continence. Contaminate, v. a. Defile, pollute, corrupt, taint, infect, poison, vitiate, sully, tarnish, soil, suin. CONTAMINATION 94 CONTRACT Contamination, n. I. Contaminating, polluting, pollution, defiling, defilement, etc. See the verb. 2. Taint, stain, infection, impurity, foulness, uncleauness, abomination, pollution, defilement. Contemn, v. a. Despise, disdain, scorn, scout, spurn, slight, hold in contempt, look down upon, turn a cold shoulder upon, turn up one's nose at, snap one's fingers at, laugh to scorn, point the finger of scorn at. Contemplate, v a. I. Gaze upon, view atten- tively, look abroad upon, survey. 2. Study, ponder, survey, meditate on, dwell on, think about, reflect upon, muse on, consider attentively, revolve in the mind. 3. Intend, purpose, design, think of, have iu view, have in contemplation, look forward to. Contemplation, «. I. Reflection, meditation, cogitation, deliberation, study, thought, specula- tion, pondering. 2. View, prospect, prospective. 3. Expectation, prospect, view. Contemplative, a. Thoughtful, studious, given to contemplation, meditative, musing. Contemporaneous, a. Contemporary. Contemjwrary, a. Contemporaneous. Contempt, n. I. Disdain, scorn, mockery, deri- sion, contumely, disregard, slight, mean opinion. 2. Shame, disgrace, confusion. Contemptible, a. Despicable, vile, low, mean, base, pitiful, abject, worthless, paltry, sorry. Contemptuous, a. Insolent, scornful, disdainful, supercilious, haughty. Contend, v. n. I. Strive, struggle, combat, fight, vie. 2. Debate, dispute, argue, join issue. 3. Maintain, affirm, assert, claim. Content, a. Satisfied, contented, easy in mind. Content, v. a. Satisfy, appease, make easy, make contented. Content, «. Satisfaction, ease, contentment, peace. Contented, a. Satisfied, content, easy in mind, at peace. Contention, n. I. Strife, discord, dissension, wrangling, wrangle, quarrel, squabble, feud, rup- ture, falling out, high words. 2. Dispute, debate, bickering, altercation, con- troversy, logomachy, war of words, strife oi words- Contentions, a, I. Quarrelsome, cross, petulant, perverse, pugnacious, litigious, wrangling. 2. Disputatious, captious, cavilling. Contentment, «. Satisfaction, ease, content. Contents, «. //. !• What is contained, filling, filling up. 2. Solid dimensions, capacity, volume, solid contents. 3. Topics, matters treated, subjects consid- ered, table of contents. Conterminous, a. I. Adjoining, adjacent, con- tiguous, bordering upon. 2. Identical in limits, of identical boundaries, co-extensive, coincident, commensurate. Contest, V. a. I. Dispute, controvert, argue, debate, litigate, contend against, call in question. 2. Strive to hold, struggle to defend. 3. Contend for, strive to carry, compete for, make the object of competition or rivalry or emulation. Contest, V. n. Contend, strive, struggle, vie, fight, compete, cope. Contest, n. I. Dispute, altercation, debate, con- troversy, contention, quarrel, difference, high words, strife of words, war of words. 2. Struggle, battle, conflict, fight, combat, en- counter, rencounter, strife in arms. 3. Competition, rivalry, contention. Context, n. Words immediately preceding or fol- lowing, adjoining matter, connection, connected thought or thoughts. Contexture, «. Constitution, structure, frame- work, texture, composition, mode of formation. Contiguity, n. I. Contact, touching, meeting, juxtaposition, proximity, nearness. 2. Continuity, continuous stretch, expanse, unbroken extent. Contiguous, a. Touching, meeting, conterminous, adjacent, adjoining, in contact. Continence, «. I. Chastity, restraint of sexual appetite. 2. Self-command {in general)^ self-control, moderation, temperance. Continent, a. I. Chaste, temperate in sexual passion, free from lust. 2. Temperate {in generoT), moderate, self- commanding, self-controlled, restrained. Continent, n. Mainland, great tract of land. Contingency, «. I. Accidentalness, fortuity, un- certainty. 2. Casualty, accident, incident, occurrence, event. Contingent, a. I. Accidental, fortuitous, inci- dental, casual, happening by chance. 2. Conditional, uncertain, dependent on cir- cumstances. Contingent, «. Quota, proportion, share, propor- tional part. Continual, a. I. Perpetual, uninterrupted, un- ceasing, incessant, unremitting, constant, con- tinuous. 2. Perpetual, endless, everlasting, eternal, permanent, unending, interminable. 3. Oft-repeated, very frequent, perpetual, con- stant, constantly recurring. Continuance, n. I. Continuation, endurance, lasting, persistence. 2. Prolongation, continuation, extension, per- petuation. 3.^ Sequence, succession, connection, concat- enation. 4. Perseverance, persistence, constancy, en- durance. Continuation, «. Extension {in time or space), prolongation, protraction, continuance, perpetua- tion. Continue, v. n. I. Remain, endure, last, be permanent, be durable. 2. Abide, stay, tarry, remain. 3. Persist, persevere, endure, hold out, go on, keep on, be steadfast, be constant. Continue, v. a. Extend {in time or s/ace), pro- long, perpetuate. Contlouer, «. Continuator. Continuity, «. I. Cohesion, close union, inti- mate connection. 2. Unbroken extent, contiguity, uninterrupted connection, uninterrupted continuance or dura- tion, ceaselessness, constant flow. Continuous, a. Connected, continued, unbroken, uninterrupted, unintermitted. Contort, V. a. Twist, writhe, distort. Contortion, «. Twist, distortion, wryness, de- formity. Contour, «. Outline, profile. Contraband, a. Prohibited, illegal, unlawful, illicit. Contrat)and, n. I. Illegal traffic. 2. Prohibited articles. Contrabandist, n. Smuggler. Contract, v. a. I. Lessen, shorten, narrow, diminish, abridge, reduce, epitomize, draw together. 2. Incur, make, get, take, catch, absorb, take in. CONTRACT 95 CONVERGE Contract, v. n. I. Shrivel, shrink, shrink up, draw in. 2. Agree, stipulate, bargain, covenant, make a bargain. Contract, «. Compact, bargain, stipulation, cov- enant, convention, concordat, treaty, agreement, pact, arrangement- Contraction, ». I. Shrinking, shrivelling, corru- gation, drawing together, drawing in. 2. Reduction, shortening, diminution, lessen- ing, abridgment, abbreviation. Contradict, v. a. I. Deny, gainsay, dispute, con- trovert, impugn, traverse. 2. Oppose, contravene, counteract, annul, abrogate, traverse, thwart, be contrary to, run counter to. Contradiction, «. I. Gainsaying, denial. 2. Opposition, contrariety, incongruity, an- tagonism, clashing. Contradictory, a. Opposite, contrary, inconsist- ent, repugnant. Contradistinction, n. Distinction {fiy opposite qualities), opposition. Contradistinguish, v. a. Distinguish (f>y opposite qualities). Contrariety, «. Opposition, repugnance, antag- onism, contradiction, clashing, contrast. Contrary, a. I. Opposite, opposing, adverse, opposed, counter. 2. Antagonistic, conflicting, contradictory, counteracting, retroactive, repugnant. 3. (Colloq.) Perverse, humorsome, wayward, obstinate, stubborn, headstrong, refractory, un- ruly, froward. Contrast, n. I. Exhibition of differences, con- trasting. 2. Opposition, difference, striking difference, contrariety. Contrast, v. a. Set off by opposition, exhibit the differences of. Contrast, v. n. Show difference, exhibit a con- trast, stand out in opposition. Contrate-Wheel, ». Crown-wheel. Contravene, v. a. Oppose, contradict, counter- act, countervail, thwart, nullify, abrogate, annul, cross, traverse, obstruct, defeat, hinder, go against, clash with, run counter to, militate against. Contravention, n. Contradiction, opposition, ob- struction, violation, abrogation, transgression, traversal. Contretemps, «. [Fr.] Mishap, mischance, ac- cident Contribute, v. a, I. Give (/« common with others), grant or bestow (as a share). 2. Furnish, supply, afford. Contribute, v. «. Conduce, minister, conspire, co-operate, concur, bear a part, be helpful. Contribution, ». I. Grant or bestowment of a share. 2. Gift, donation, offering, subscription. Contrite, a. Penitent, repentant, humble, broken in spirit. ContZltion, «. Penitence, compunction, remorse, repentance, sorrow, regret, self-condemnation, self-reproach, stings of conscience, sorrow for sin. Contrivance, n. I. Design, designing power, in- ventiveness, invention. 2. Invention, device, piece of mechanism, machine. 3. Device, scheme, plan, plot, artifice, strata- gem, coniplot, machination. Contrive, v. a. Devise, plan, design, invent, project, hatch, brew, form, frame, concoct, fall upon, hit upon, strike out, chalk out. Contrive, v. ». I. Scheme, plot, plan, consider, set one's wits to work, rack one's brains, cudgel one's brains, strain one's invention, cast about. 2. Manage, make out. Control, «. Ascendency, sway, command, rule, dominion government, mastery, superintendence, direction. Control, V. a. I, Direct, manage, regulate, gov- ern, sway, rule, reign over, command, superin- tend, have the direction of, have charge of. 2. Hinder, check, repress, curb, restrain, bridle. Controversial, a. Polemical. Controversialist, n. Disputant, arguer, debater, disputer. Controversy, n. I. Discussion, dispute, disputa- tion, debate, polemics, altercation, logomachy, war of words, strife of words. 2. Lawsuit, suit at law, process in law. Controvert, v. a. Dispute, contest, debate, argue, canvass, contend against, call in question. Contumacious, a. Insolently disobedient, wil- fully disrespectful, obstinate, perverse, stubborn, headstrong, heady, dogged, intractable, refrac- tory, cross-grained, stiff-necked, pertinacious, obdurate. Contumacy, n. I. Obstinacy, stubbornness, doggedness, perverseness, pertinacity, headi- ness, obduracy. 2. Disobedience, insubordination, insolence, disrespect. Contumelious, a. Abusive, calumnious, con- temptuous, insolent, insulting, rude, supercili- ous, overbearing, arrogant, scornful, disdamful. Contumely, «. Obloquy, reproach, opprobrium, abuse, contemptuousness, msolence, rudeness, superciliousness, arrogance, scorn, contempt, disdain. Contuse, v. a. Bruise, crush, squeeze. i Contusion, «. Bruise. I Convalescence, «. Recovery {of health). I Convalescent, a. Improving (m health), re- I covering. Convene, v. n Meet, assemble, muster, congre- gate, come together, hold a session. Convene, v. a. Convoke, summon, assemble, col- lect, muster, bring together, gather together, call together. Convenience, «. I. Suitableness, fittess, pro- priety. 2. Commodiousness, accommodation, satisfac- tion, ease, comfort. 3. Cause of satisfaction, source of comfort. 4. Suitable opportunity, comfortable occasion. Convenient, a. I. Fit, suitable, proper, appro- priate, adapted, suited. 2. Commodious, advantageous, useful, ser- viceable, helpful, beneficial, comfortable. Convent, «. Monastery, cloister, abbey, priory, or nunnery {as the case may be). Convention, n. I. Assembly, meeting. See Convocation. 2. Contract, compact, apreement, stipulation. 3. Conventional or arbitrary arrangement, understanding. Conventional, a. I. Stipulated, agreed on, bar- gained for. 2. Usual, customary, common, habitual, wonted, accustomed, ordinary, regular, every- day. 3. Resting on mere custom or arbitrary agreement- Conventual, a. Monastic Conventual, «. Monk or nun (as the case may be). Converge, v. n. Tend to the same point, ap- proach, draw gradually together. CONVERGENCE 96 COPY Convergence, «. Tendency to meet, gradual approach. Convergent, a, I. Converging, gradually ap- proaching, 2. {Math.) Tending to a limit. Converging, a. l. Convergent, gradually ap- proaching. 2. (^Math.) Tending to a limit. Conversable, a. Sociable, social, communicative, ajEfable, free, unreserved, open. Conversant about. Concerned about or with, occupied with, relate(s) to, treat(s) of. Conversant with. Acquainted with, familiar with, versed in, skilled in, proficient in. Conversation, «. Converse, talk, colloquy, parley, conference, dialogue, chat, confabulation, familiar discourse. Conversational, a. Colloquial. Conversative, a. Talkative, inclined to conver- sation. Converse, v. «. I. Commune, hold intercourse. 2. Talk, chat, confabulate, discourse familiarly, hold a conversation. Converse, ». I. Communion, intercourse, com- merce. 2. Talk, colloquy, conversation. 3. Reverse, opposite. Conversely, ad. Reciprocally, by conversion. Conversion, «. I. Transmutation, transformation, change. 2. Interchange, transposition, reversal. 3. Change of religion. 4. Change of heart, regeneration, new birth. 5. Application, appropriation, employment. Convert, v. a. I. Transmute, transform, change. 2. Change the heart of, regenerate, create anew, re-create, renew. 3. Interchange, transpose, reverse, turn about. 4. Appropriate, apply. Convertible, a. Interchangeable. Convex, a. Gibbous, protuberant, rounding {outwardly). Convex lens. Burning-glass. Convey, v. a. I. Carry, bear, bring, transmit, transport, waft, fetch. 2. Transfer, alienate, abalienate, consign, de- mise, devolve, cede, grant, devise, sell, deliver over, make over. Conveyance, «. I. Transfer, demise, alienation, cession, transferrence. 2. Transfer, conveying, carrying, carriage, transmission. 3. Carriage, vehicle. Convict, V. a. I. Prove or find guilty. 2. Convince {of sin), make sensible, rouse to a sense. Convict, n. Malefactor, criminal, felon, culprit, condemned person. Conviction, «. I. Proof of guilt, detection in guilt. 2. Confutation, refutation. 3. Persuasion, convincing. 4. Firm persuasion, settled belief, assured belief, ascertained principle. Convince, v. a. Satisfy (i5y Proof or evidence), persuade. Convivial, a. Festal, festive, social, jovial, jolly, gay. Conviviality, «. Festivity, joviality, jollity, gay- ety, merry-making. Convocation, «. I. Calling together, convoking, assembling, summoning. 2. Meeting, assembly, convention, congress, diet, synod, council. Convoke, v- a. Convene, assemble, summon, muster, call together, bring together. Convolute, a. {Bot.) Rolled together. Convolution, «. I. Rolling together. 2. Coil, fold, bight. Convoy, v. a. Accompany {/or protection), es- cort, attend, keep company with, go along with. Convoy, «. I. Attendance {/or the pu7pose o/ protection), escort. 2. Escorting force, escort, guard {esp. at sea). 3. Charge {of a convoying /orce), ships under escort, train under escort. Convulse, v. a. I. Throw into spasms. 2. Agitate, shake, disturb. Convulsion, «. I, Spasm, cramp. 2. Agitation, disturbance, tumult, commotion. Cook, V. a. I. Prepare {/ood) for the table. 2. Dress up, tamper with, color, give a color to, garble, falsify. Cool, a. I. Somewhat cold, a little cold, moder- ately cold, rather cold. 2. Unimpassioned, dispassionate, collected, composed, self-possessed, calm, unruffled, undis- turbed, sedate, unexcited, placid, quiet, staid. 3. Inc"" blooded. 3. Indifferent, unconcerned, lukewarm, cold uke 4. Frigid, chilling, apathetic, freezing, repel- lent. 5. {Colloq.) Impudent, shameless, selfishly self-possessed. Cocl, V. a. I. Refrigerate, chill, make cool, re- duce the heat of. 2. Allay, calm, quiet, temper, attemper, mod- erate, abate, damp. Cool, V. n. I, Grow cool, lose heat. 2. Grow lukewarm or indifferent or less furi- ous, lose ardor, be less zealous. Coop, V. a. Confine, cage, incage, imprison, shut up. Co-operate, v. «._ I. Work together or in unison, take part, act jointly, act in concert. 2. Conspire, conduce, contribute, concur, unite, work together. Co-Operation, «. I. Joint action, concurrent effort. 2. Concurrence, concert, joint operation, pul- ling together. Co-;Operator,_ «. Coadjutor, assistant, helper, aider,_ auxiliary, ally, abettor, joint operator. Co-ordinate, a. Equal, co-equal, of the same rank. Copartner, «. Sharer, partaker, partner, associate. Copartnership, n. I. Association, fraternity, partnership, joint stock. 2. Firm, house, establishment, concern, com- pany, joint concern. Cope With. I. Encounter, engage with, contend with, compete with, struggle with, strive with. 2. Encounter successfully, combat on equal terms, manage, hold at bay, "hold one's own with. Copier, ». Transcriber, copyist. Copious, a. Abundant, plentiful, plenteous, ample, profuse, rich, full, exuberant, overflowing. Copiousness, n. Abundance, exuberance, plenty, profusion, richness. Copper, «. I. Cent. 2. \.pl.^ Small change, copper money. 3. Large boiler, cauldron {esp. in a shifs kitchen). Copperas, «. Green vitriol, sulphate of iron {crys- tallized). Copse, n. Grove {o/ small trees or shruis), thicket, coppice. Copulation, «. Coition, sexual congress, coupling, venereal act. Copulative, a. Uniting, connecting. Copy, n. I. Transcript. 2. Fac-simile, duplicate. 3. Original, model, pattern, archetype. 4. Manuscript {to be printed). COPY 97 CORROSIVE CoPYf V. a. I. Transcribe, make a transcript of, make a copy of. 2. Imitate, follow as a pattern, pattern after. Copyist, n. I. Transcriber, copier. 2. Imitator. Cornet, V. n. Flirt, philander, make love, make a show of love, affect to be in love, play at courtship. Coquetry, «. Flirtation, affectation of love. Coquette, «. Flirt, jilt. Coquimtlite, «. White copperas. Coranadl, «• [Written also Coronach and Cora- nich.'\ Dirge, funeral song or lament. Cord, «. String, line, small rope. Cordate, a. Cordlform, heart-shaped. Cordial, a. I. Hearty, warm, ardent, affection- ate, earnest, sincere, heartfelt. 2. Grateful, pleasant, refreshing, invigorating, restorative. Cordial, «. I. Stomachic, stomachal, stimulating medicine. 2. Liqueur, aromatized spirit. Cordiality, «. Heartiness, smcerity, ardor of affection, warmth of feeling, aff>iCtionate regard. Cordlform, a. Cordate, heart-shaped. Cordwain, «. Spanish or Cordovan leather, goatskin. Cordwainer, n. Shoemaker. Core, n Heart, inner part, inmost part, essential part, essence, centre. Coriaceous, a. Leathery, tough. Corium, n. I. Leather cuirass. 2. {Anat.) Inner skin, true skin, cutis vera {in ■mammalia). On'k, n. I. Bark of the Quercus sttber, or cork- tree, epiphloeum. 2. Stopple or stopper (made o/cork). 3. Frost-nail (in a horse-shoe). Cormorant, «. I. Pelican like sea-bird {Phala- crocorax carbo). 2. Glutton, greedy fellow, belly-god, greedy- gut. Cormorant, a. Greedy, rapacious, all-devouring. Com, «. I. Cereal grain. 2. Maize^ Indian corn. 3. Horny excrescence. Com, V. a. I. Salt moderately, sprinkle with salt. 2. IW. S., Scotch, and /rovinciai.'\ Intoxi- cate, fuddle, muddle, inebriate, make drunk, make tipsy. Com-crake, «. Daker-hen, land-rail {Crex pra- tensis). Corneous, a. Horny, corny. Comer, n. I. Angle, bend, elbow, crotch, knee, cusp. 2. Nook, recess, niche, retired place, secret place. 3. Part, quarter. Comer, v. a (Colloq.) I. Drive into a comer, 2. Nonplus, pose, confound, confuse, puzzle, perplex, put to a stand. Comer-Wise, ad. Diagonally. Comucopla, «. [L. pi. Cornucopia.'^ Horn of plenty. Corollary, «. Inference, conclusion, consequence, deduction. Ccronacll, «. [Written also Coranach and Cora- nich.] Dirge, funeral song. Coronal, «. Crown, garland, wreath, chaplet, laurel, bays. Coronation, «. Crowning. Corosso nut. ) t Corozonut. ( ^^ory nut. Corporal, a. l. Bodily. 2. Material, physical, corporeal, not ^Irittial. Corporate, a. Incorporated. Corporation, n. Incorporated body. Material, physical, corporal, non- Body of troops, division of an Corporeal, a. spiritual. Corps, ». [Fr.] army. Corpse, «. Remains, dead body (of a human being), body, corse, carcass {used in disrespect). Corpulence, J «. Obesity, fleshiness, fatness, Corpulency, j plumpness, embonpoint, rotundity. Corpulent, a. Fleshy, fat, stout, portly, plump, pursy, obese, rotund. Corpuscle, n. Atom, particle, molecule, mite, monad, scrap, bit, grain, jot, iota, tittle, whit, ace, scintilla. Corpuscular, a. Molecular, atomic. Correct, v. a. I. Rectify, amend, mend, reform, redress, reclaim, make right, set right. 2. Punish, chasten, discipline. 3. Change the quality of (^^ something of an opposite character), modify, improve. Correct, a. Faultless, exact, precise, accurate, right, true, proper, free from error, not faulty. Correction, n. I. Amendment, improvement, redress. 2. Chastening, punishment, discipline. 3. Cliange {in quality, by something opposite)^ modification, alteration. Corrective, a. Rectifying, reformatory, alterative, modifying, improvincj, correctory. Corrective, n. Modifying agent, corrective agent. Correctness, «. Accuracy, exactness, nicety, pre- cision, truth, propriety, faultlessness. Correlate, «. Correlative, counterpart, comple- ment, complemental terra. Correlative, a. Reciprocal, complemental, com- plementary. Correlative, n. See Correlate, n. Correspond, v. «. I, Agree, suit, fit, answer, accord, harmonize, tally, square, comport, cohere, be accordant. 2. Answer, correlate, belong, stand counter, be complemental. 3. Communicate (by letter), write letters. CorresiH)ndence, «. i. Coincidence, concurrence, congruity, fitting relation, reciprocal adaptation. 2. Correlation, complemental relation, coun- terposition. 3. Intercourse or communication by letters, epistolary intercourse. 4. Letters. Correspondent, a. I. Adapted, suited, suiting, fitted, suitable, fitting, agreeable, conformable, answerable, corresponding. 2._ Corresponding, answering, correlative, be- longing, counterposed, complemental, comple- mentary. Corresponding, a. Answering. See Corrb- SPONDHNT. Corridor, «. Galleir, passage. Corroborate, v. a. Strengthen, confirm, establish, sustain, support. Corroboration, ». Confirmation. Corroborative, a. Confirmatory, corroborating. Corrode, v. a. I. Erode, canker, eat away. 2. Consume, waste, wear away, prey upon, impair. 3. Blight, poison, envenom, embitter. Corroding, a. Caustic, catheretic. See Corro- sive. Corrosion, ff. I. Erosion, eating away. 2. Wasting, wearing away, consuming, gnaw- ing away. 3. Blighting, poisoning, embittering. Corrosive, a. I. Corroding, consuming, eroding, erosive, catheretic, caustic, acrid, virulent, eating away. 2. Corroding, wasting, consuming, gnawing, wearing. CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE 98 COUNTERFEIT 3. Blighting, poisoning, envenoming, embit- tering, carking. Corroave sublimate. Bi-chloride of mercury. Corrosiveness, «• Causticity, acridness, virulence, acrimony. Corrugate, v. a. Wrinkle, cockle, pucker, con- tract into wrinkles. Corrugation, «. I. Wrinkling, cockling, pucker- ing. 2. Wrinkle, fold, plait. Corrupt* V. a. I. Putrefy, render putrid. 2. Contaminate, taint, defile, pollute, infect, vitiate, spoil. 3. Deprave, demoralize, vitiate, pervert 4. Debase, falsify, adulterate, sophisticate. 5. Bribe, entice. Corrupt, a. \, Corrupted, infected, spoiled, tainted, putrid, contaminated, unsound. 2. Depraved, wicked, vicious, dissolute, prof- ligate, reprobate, abandoned. 3. Open to bribes, given to bribery, dishonest, false to one's trusts. Corruption, n. I. Putrefaction, putrescence. 2. Defilement, contamination, pollution, infec- tion, vitiation, adulteration, debasement. 3. Depravity, depravation, wickedness, de- moralization, immorality, laxity, looseness of morals, want of principle. 4. Bribery, dishonesty, abuse of public trusts. Corsair, «. Pirate, buccaneer, picaroon, sea-rover, sea-robber. Corse, n. ( Poetical:) Corpse, remains, dead body {.of a human being). Corset, n. Bodice, stays. Cortege, «. [Fr.] Train. Coruscate, v. n. Shine, glisten, glitter, gleam, sparkle, twinkle, flash, scmtillate. Coruscati9n, «. Flash, sparkle, glitter, gleam, scintillation. Corvette, «. [Fr.] Sloop of war. Coryphee, «. [Fr.] Ballet-dancer, danseuse. Corypheus, «. [L.] Leader, chief, guide, di- rector. Cosey, a. [Written also Cosy and Cozy."] 1. Snug, comfortable, easy, 2. {En£.'\ Chatty, talkative, social. Cosmopolite, n. Citizen of the world, cosmopol- itan. Cosmos, n. Universe. Cosset, w. Pet lamb, hand-reared lamb ; pet {of any kind). Cosset, V. a. Fondle, caress, pet, coddle, make a pet of, make much of, CCKSt, V. a. Require to be paid or undergone, take away from, Cost, n. I. Expense, charge, price, outlay. 2. Costliness, preciousness, richness, sumptu- cusness, splendor. 3. Loss, detriment, damage, pain, suffering. Costate, ) ^ Tiiuy^^A Costated,r- ^*^^«'^- Costive, a. Constipated. Costiveness, «. Constipation. Costly, a. I. Expensive, dear, high-priced, of great price. 2. Rich, sumptuous, precious, splendid, gor- geous. Costume, «. Style of dress. Cot, n. I. Hut. See Cottage. 2. Low bedstead. Coterie, ». Club, association, society, sodality, brotherhood, circle, set (especially an exclusive one). Cottage, n. Cot, lodge, hut, casino, small house. Cottacrer, «. Cotter. Cotter, n. Cottager. Cotton, n. Cotton-wool, raw cotton. Cotton-wood, «. Canadian poplar (Populu$ tnonili/era). Cotton-wool, n. Cotton, raw cotton. Couch, V. n. I. Lie, recline, lie down. 2. Crouch, squat, lie flat. 3. Stoop, bend down. Couch, V. a. I. Express, utter, set forth, clothe in words. 2. Conceal, hide, cover up. 3. Lay (a spear) in rest, put in posture of attack. 4. Depress or remove {a cataract). Couch, n. I. Bed, place for rest. 2. Sofa, lounge, seat to recline on. Couchant, a. Squatting, lying down. Couch-grass, «. Knot-grass, dog's grass, wheat- grass, witch-grass, dog-wheat, twitch-grass {Tri- ticutn repens). Cougar, n. Puma, panther, catamount. North American tiger (Felis concolor or Puma cottcolor). Couleur de rose. [Fr.] I. Rose-color. 2. Fair appearance, attractive light, flattering aspect. Coulter-neb, «. Puffin, Labrador auk (A lea arc- tica or Fratercula arctica). Council, «. I. Cabinet, ministry, body of advi- sers. 2. Assembly {/or consultation), meeting, congress, diet, synod, convocation, convention. Council-chamber, «. Divan, audience-chamber, state-chamber. Councillor, «. [Written also Councilor.'] Mem- ber of a council. Counsel, n. I. Consultation, interchange of opinion. 2. Advice, opinion, suggestion, recommenda- tion, instruction, admonition, caution. 3. Deliberation, forethought. 4. Design, plan, scheme, purpose. 5. Counsellor, lawyer, barrister, advocate. Counsel, v. a. Advise, admonish, give advice to. Counsellor, «. [Written also Counselor.] 1. Adviser. 2. Lawyer, barrister, counsel, advocate. Count, V. a. I. Enumerate, number. 2. Calculate, reckon, compute, estimate, cast, cast up. 3. Consider, esteem, regard, deem, hold, judge, think, account, look upon. Count, V. n. Add to the number, swell the number, tell. Count, n. I. Reckoning, 2. {Law. ) Particular clause or charge. Countenance, n. I. Aspect, look, mien, expres- sion of the face. 2. Favor, encouragement, patronage, support, aid, assistance, sanction, approbation, approval. Countenance, v. a. Approve, sanction, support, aid, abet, assist, favor, encourage, patronize, be- friend, stand by, side with, take the side of. Counter, «. Reckoner, calculator. Counter, ad. Contrary, contrariwise, in opposi- tion to. Counteract, v. a. I. Oppose, contravene, resist, cross, thwart, hinder, check, defeat, frustrate, traverse, run counter to, act against, clash with. 2. Neutralize, destroy the effect of, annul. Counteraction, «. Opposition, contravention, re- sistance, frustration. Counteractive, n. Corrective, antidote, cure, remedy, restorative, medicine, counter-agent. Counterbalance, v. a. I. Counterpoise, balance. 2. Countervail, compensate, set off, make up for. Counter-current, n. Eddy. Counterfeit, z/ a. I. Forge, make a spurious copy of, imitate fraudulently, copy fraudulently. COUNTERFEIT 99 COVER 2. Feign, simulate, ftham, put on the appear- ance of. 3. Imitate, copy. Coonterfeit, a. I. Forged, spurious, fraudulent, supposititious. 3. Feigned, false, simulated, sham, mock, spu- rious, hypocritical, put on, make-believe. 3. Imitated, copied, resembling. Counterfeit, «. Forgery, fraudulent copy. Counterfeiter, «. I. Forger, falsifyer. 2. Pretender, feigner. Counter-jtimper, «. [/« contempt.^ Shopman, shop-keeper, salesman, clerk. Countermand, v. a. Revoke, rescind, recall, abrogate, annul, make void. Countermarch, v. «. March back, reverse the direction of a march. Counterpane, «. Coverlet, coverlid. Counterpart, «. I. Corresponding part. 2. (Zaw.) Duplicate, copy. 3. Correlative, correlate, complement, supple- ment, reverse (to obverse). 4. Match, fellow, mate, tally, twin, the very image. Counterpoise^ v, a. Counterbalance, balance, countervail. Counterpoise, n. Equal weight, neutralizing force. Countersign, «. Watchword, password. Counter-tenor, «. {Mus.) Alto, counter. Countervail, v. a. Balance, counterbalance, compensate, make up for. Count on. Depend on, depend upon, rely on, rely upon, count upon. Countrified, v. a. Rustic, rude, country. Country, n. I. Region, land, geographical divi- sion, political division. 2. Rural parts {as distinguished /ront city). 3. Native land, fatherland, nation, home, abiding habitation. 4. Nation, people, population, inhabitants. Country, a. I. Rustic, rural. 2. Rude, rough, unrefined, unpolished, uncul- tivated, countrified. Countryman, «. I. Compatriot. 2. Rustic, peasant, swain, farmer, husband- man, clown, hind, boor. Cotint upon. See Count on. County, n. Shire. Coup-d'etat, n. [Fr.] Master stroke of policy, stroke of, statesmanship, stroke of sudden and forcible usurpation. Coup-de-grace, «. [Fr.] Death-blow, decisive blow, finishing stroke, mercy-stroke. Coup-de-main, n. [Fr.] Sudden attack, unex- pected enterprise or assault. Coup-d'ceil, n. [Fr.] Glance, hasty view, slight view, general view or prospect. Coup-de-SOleil, «. [Fr.] Sunstroke, siriasis, in- solation, stroke of the sun, ictus solis. Couple, n. I. Brace, pair, two (o/ the same kind). 2. Man and wife, married pair. 3. Link, bond, tie, couplin|;, leash. Couple, V. a. I. Join, conjoin, connect, unite, pair, link together. 2. Marry, wed. Couple, v.n. I. Unite, pair. 2. Copulate, embrace. Couplet, «. Two verses {esfiecialfy that rhyme), pair of rhymes, distich. Coupon, n. [Fr.] I. Interest certificate, inter- est warrant. 2. Attached certificate {of any kind), detach- able certificate. Courage, «. Fearlessness, bravery, valor, gal- lantry, prowess, intrepidity, heroism, spirit, reso- lution, fortitude, hardihood, audacity, audacioust- uess, boldness, daring, mettle, manhood, pluck, spunk. Courageous, a. Fearless, gallant, daring, valor- ous, chivalrous, valiant, Bold, heroic, intrepid, dauntless, resolute, hardy, stout, lion-hearted, with a bold front. See Bkave. Courier, n. Messenger, express, runner. Course, ». I. Race, career. 2. Route, way, track, road. 3. Direction, bearing, point of compass, line of progress, path, track. 4. Round, beat. 5. Progress, process. 6. Regularity, order, succession, turn. 7. Deportment, conduct, behavior, line of conduct, manner of proceeding. 8. Series, system, methodical arrangement. 9. Set of dishes (at a banquet). Course, v. a. Pursue, hunt, chase, run after, give chase to. Course, v. n. Run, move swiftly. Courser, n. Racer, race-horse, swift steed. Courses, «. //. Menses, catamenia, menstrual flux, menstrual discharge. Court, «. I. Royal household, princely retinue, 2. Judicial tribunal, court of justice. 3. Courtyard, inclosed area, quadrangle. 4. Solicitation(s), addresses, civilities, flatter- ing attention, respects, homage. Court, V. a. I. Flatter, coddle, try to please, en- deavor to ingratiate one's self with, fawn upon, pay court to. 2. Woo, pay one's addresses to, make love to. 3. Seek, solicit, strive to gain. 4. Invite, solicit, woo. Courteous, a. Polite, civil, affable, urbane, com- plaisant, gracious, courtly, ceremonious, debo- nair, respectful, obliging, well-bred. Courteousness, «. Politeness. See Courtesy. Courtesan, «. [Written also Courtezan.] Pros- titute, whore, harlot, strumpet, punk, wench, drab, trull, quean, rig, wanton, frail sister, Cyp- rian, night-walker, street-walkerj lewd woman woman of the town, woman of ill-fame, public woman, demirep, yf//^ de joie, Jezebel, Messa- lina, Delilah, Phryne, Lais, lorette, corotte, gri- sette, member of the demi-monde. Courte^, n. Politeness, courteousness, civility, urbanity, complaisance, affability, good-breeding, elegance of manners. Courtesy, v. n. Make a courtesy. Courtly, a. Polished, elegant, polite. See Courteous. Courtship, n. Wooing. Courtyard, n. Court, quadrangle, inclosed area. Cousin-german, n. First cousm. Cove, «. Inlet, bight, small bay. Covenant, «. Agreement, bargain, contract, com- pact, stipulation, arrangement, treaty, conven- tion, concordat, pact. Covenant, v n. Bargain, stipulate, agree, make a stipulation. Cover, V. a. I. Overspread, overlay. 2. Conceal, hide, secrete, cloak, veil, screen, shroud, mask, disguise. 3. Shield, shelter, protect, guard, defend. 4. Clothe, invest, envelop, fold up, inwrap, wrap up. 5. Put a covering on. 6. Comprehend, embrace, include, comprise, contain, embody. 7. Counterbalance, countervail, balance, com- pensate, make up for, be equal to. Cover, «. I. Covering, tegument, integument* capsule, top, case. 2. Screen, veil, disguise, cloak. COVERCLE 100 CRANIOGNOMY 3. Shelter, protection, guard, defence, shield, safeguard. 4. Underwood, underbrush, shrubbery, under- growth, thicket, woods. 5. Plate, dish. Covercle, «. Lid, small cover. Covexlng, n. Cover, tegument, integument, cap- sule, top, case. 8S?Sm:|»- Coun.en>a.e. Covert, n. I. Thicket, shade, shrubbery, under- wood. 2. Shelter, refuge, asylum, harbor, sanctuary, retreat, defence, hiding-place. Covert, a. Hidden, concealed, secret, disguised, clandestine, underhand, sly, insidious, stealthy. Covet, V. a. I. Desire, long for, aim after, aspire to. 2. Desire inordinately, long for enviously, lust after, hanker after. Covetous, a. Eager, very desirous {usually in a bad sense, though sometimes in a good sense), greedy, enviously desirous, inordinately desir- ous, avaricious. Covetousness, «. Avarice, cupidity, inordinate desire or greed, greed of gain. Covey, n. 1. Brood. 2. Flock. 3. Set, company, party, bevy. cSviSe,}«- ('^''^•) Collusion. Covinous, a. (Law.) Fraudulent, deceitful, dis- honest, deceptive, collusive. Cow, V. a. Overawe, intimidate, frighten, daunt, abash, discourage, dishearten, break, subdue by fear. Coward, n. Dastard, poltroon, craven, recreant, milksop. Coward, a. See Cowardly. Cowardice, «. Pusillanimity, poltroonery, timid- ity, fear, cowardliness, the white feather. Cowardliness, «. See Cowardice. Cowardly, a. Pusillanimous, dastardly, craven, fearful, timorous, timid, coward, recreant^ base, faint-hearted, chicken-hearted white-livered, showing the white feather. Cowardly, ad. Pusillanimously, timorously, basely, meanly, cravenly. Cower, V. n. Crouch, cringe, fawn, stoop, squat, bend the knee. Cowl, n. It Hood (especially of a monk). 2. Chimney-top. Cow-pox, «. Kine-pox. Coxcoml), «. Beau, fop, dandy, popinjay, ex- quisite, jackanapes, peiit-maitre, man of dress ; vain, showy fellow. Coxcombry, «. Foppishness, vain-glory. Coxcombical, I a. Foppish, conceited, vain, pre- Coxcomical, ) tentious. Coy, a. Modest, diffident, shy, shrinking, timid, bashful, reserved, distant, demure. Cozen, V. a. Cheat, trick, defraud, deceive, swin- dle, chouse, dupe, gull, overreach, circumvent, beguile, victimize, take in, impose upon. Cozenage, «. Fraud, deceit, artifice, trickery, de- ception, imposition, imposture, duplicity, guile, double dealing. Cozy, a, [Written also Cosy and Cosey."] I. Snug, comfortable, easy. 2. [Eng.] Chatty, talkative, social, con- versable. Crabbed, a. I. Sour, tart, rough, acrid. 2. Morose, surly, testy, touchy, cross, growl- ing, snarling, snappish, cantankerous, waspish, petulant, peevish, churlish, harsh, acrimonious, caustic, captious, censorious, splenetic, out of sorts, ill-tempered. 3. Difficult, perplexing, trying, unmanageable, tough, intractable, hard to deal with. Crabbedness, n. I. Sourness, roughness, tart- ness, acridity, acridness. 2. Asperity, acerbity, moroseness, sullenness, moodiness, churlishness, harshness, ill-temper, acrimoniousness, 3. Difficulty, perplexity, intractability. Crab-grass, «. Wire-grass, dog's-tail grass (Eleusine Indica). Cracky «. I. Break, cleft, breach, chink, fissure, crevice, cranny, opening, rift, rent. 2. Report, clap, pop, burst, explosion. 3. Snap {of a whip). Crack, v. a. I. Break (partially). 2. Split, chop, cleave, rend asunder. 3. Snap (as a whip). 4. Craze, drive insane, madden. Crack, v. n. I, Break, split, burst, chap, open in chinks. 2. [With ij/".] Brag, bluster, vapor, vaunt, boast, gasconade, crow. Crack, a. (Colloq.) Excellent, capital, tiptop, first-rate, first-class. Crack-brained, a. Crazy, cracked, insane, crazed. Cracked, a. I. Broken, split. 2. Crazed, crazy, crack-brained, insane, de- mented, deranged, flighty, with a bee in the bonnet, with a bee in the head. Cracker, «. I. Hard biscuit. 2. Fire-cracker. Crackle, v. «. Decrepitate, crepitate, snap. Cratt, n. I. Skill, ability, talent, power, clever- ness, dexterity, tact, aptitude, aptness, expert- ness, readiness, 2. Artifice, artfulness, shrewdness, guile, de- ceit, deceitfulness, deception, subtlety, cunning, craftiness. 3. Art, handicraft, trade, employment, busi- ness, vocation, calling, avocation. 4. Vessel. Craftsman, «. Artisan, mechanic, artificer, work- man, hand, operative, handi-craftsman. Crafty, a. Cunning, artful, deceitful, sly, arch, subtle, shrewd, wily, intriguing, tricky, crooked, diplomatic, Machiavelian. Crag, «. I. Rough, steep rock. 2. Neck, throat. Cragged, a. See Craggy. Craggy, a. Cragged, rugged, rough, jagged, broken, uneven, scraggy. Cram, v. a. I. Stuff, gorge, glut, fill full, fill to repletion. 2. Crowd, press, compress. 3. Prepare for examination, grind, coach. Cram, v. n. I. Eat to satiety, eat greedily, stuff, gorge or glut one's self, gluttonize. 2. (Colloq.) Study for examination. Cramp, «. I. Spasm, crick, convulsion. 2. (Rare.) Check, restriction, restraint, ob- struction. 3. Cramp-iron. 4. Cramping-machine, boot-cramp. Cramp, v. a. I. Affect with spasms, convulse. 2. Restrain, obstruct, hinder, check, confine. 3. Fasten with a cramp, confine or hold with a cramp or cramp-iron. 4. Stretch or shape with a cramp, fashion with a boot-cramp. Cramp-fish, «. Torpedo, electric ray (Torpedo vulgaris). Cramp-iron, «. Cramp. Cranberry, «. Bog-berry, moor-berry, moss- berry. Crane-fly, «. Father-long-legs, daddy-long-legs. Crane's-bill, «. Geranium. Craniognomy, ». Craniology, phrenology. CRANIOLOGY 101 •0:^Ew:' Craniology, «. Cranioginomy, phrenology. CraniuiUf n. Skull, brain-pan. Crank, «. I. Turning-handle. 2. Bend, turn, winding, involution, twist, quirk. 3. Twist or turn of speech, play upon words, quirk. Crank, a. I. Easy to be overset, unsteady. 2. Shaky, crazy, loose, disjointed. Crank, v. n. Bend, wind, turn, twist, wind in and out, crankle, crinkle. Crankle, v. n. Crinkle, run in and out. See Ckank. Cranny, «. Cleft, crack, fissure, chink, crevice, rift, gap, break, breach, interstice, opening. CrapU&OS, a. {Rare.) Crapulent, drunken, drunk, inebriated, intoxicated, surfeited with drink. Crash, v. a. Shatter, shiver, smash, dash in pieces, splinter. Crash, v. n. I. Sound splintering or shattering. 2. Strike crashing, break (in) with a crash. Crash, «. Shattering sound, splintering uproar, rending, shivering noise. Crass, a. Gross, coarse, thick, unabated, un- refined, raw. Crassament, «. See Crassamentum. Crassamentum, «. [L.J Clot (of blood), coagu- lation. Cratch-cradle, n. Cat's cradle, scratch-cradle, cradle. Crate, «. Hamper. Craunch, v. a. Crunch. Cravat, n. Neckcloth, neckerchief, necktie. Crave, v. a. I. Entreat, beseech, beg, solicit, implore, supplicate- 2. Desire, long for, hunger for, wish for, yearn for, hanker after. Craven, «. Dastard, coward, poltroon, recreant, milksop. Craving, «. Longing, hungering, yearning, hank- ering, strong desire. Craw, «. Crop, first stomach {o/ a bird). Crawfish, «. Crayfish, river-lobster. Crawl, V. n. Creep. Crayfish, «. See Crawfish. Crayon, «. I. Pencil. 2. Crayon-drawing. Craze, v. a. I. Make crazy, make insane, mad- den, drive wild, derange. 2. Impair, weaken, confuse, throw into dis- order, disarrange Crazy, a. I. Shattered, broken, tottering, rick- ety, shaky, crank, worn out, out of order. 2. Insane, distracted, mad, lunatic, demented, deranged, delirious, crack-brained, cracked, crazed, out of one's head, out of one's senses, out of one's wits. Cream, «. Choice part, best part. Cream-colored, a. Pale yellow. Cream of tartar. Bi-tartrate of potash (Jurijied), acid tartrate of potash. Create, v. a. I. Originate, bring into being, call into existence- 2. Produce, cause, occasion, be the occasion ofc 3. Make, appoint, constitute. CreatiOIl, n. I. invention, origination. 2. Universe, cosmos. 3. Appointment, constitution, nomination. Creator, «. I. Originator, maker. 2. The First Cause, the Maker, the Supreme Original. See God. Creature, n. I. Being {animate or inanimate), created being. 2. Animal, living being. 3« Man, person. 4, DerendaT?ty.re^n»*r:t vassai^ {»^ij^ &iia«; ion. hang-6u. •»»^'«» "'' '• " ' ' 5. Wretch, miscreant, piece of baseness. Credence, n. Belief, acceptance, credit, trust, faith, confidence, reliance. Credendum, «. [L.] Article of faith, thing to be believed. Credentials, «. //. Testimonials, vouchers, cer- tificates. Credibility, n. Trustworthiness, credibleness. Credible, a. Trustworthy, reliable, to be believed, worthy of belief, not improbable. Credibleness, n. Trustworthiness, credibility. Credit, «. I. Belief, trust, faith, confidence, credence, reliance. 2. Reputableness, esteem, regard, good re- pute, good reputation, high character. 3. Influence {of a good name), power. 4. Merit, honor, proof of desert. 5. Trust {in future payment), loan. 6. Money due, securities, evidence of debt {on the part of otiters). Credit, V. a. I. Believe, give faith to, put faith in, rely upon, confide in, doubt not, make no doubt of, take upon credit. 2. Place to the credit of, carry to the credit of one's account, enter upon the credit side. 3. Trust {for future payment), loan {on trust or security). Creditable, a. Reputable, honorable, estimable. Credulity, «. Ease in believing, readiness to be- lieve {on slight evidence), credulousness. Credulous, a. Easily convinced, too ready to believe, over- trustful, lax in seeking evidence, easily duped. Creed, «. Belief, tenets, dogmas, doctrines, sys- tem of opinions, summary of belief, Credo. Creed-hound, a. Wedded to an opinion or a creed, hopelessly prejudiced, irrevocably com- mitted. See Bigoted. Creek, «. I. inlet, cove, bight, small bay. 2. Rivulet, small river. Creep, v. «. I. Crawl. 2. Steal, glide stealthily, come unnoticed. 3. Fawn, cringe, play the sycophant. Creeping, a. I. Crawling. 2. Fawning, sycophantic. 3. {Bot.) Growing on. the ground or on supports. Cremation, n. Burning {especially of the dead), CreSated,}* (^'"•> Notched, indented. Crepitate, v. n. Crackle, snap, decrejjitote. Crescent, «. I. New moon, moon in her first quarter. 2. Figure of the new moon, lune. 3. Turkish standard. 4. [With The prefixed.] Turkish power, Ottoman Empire, Sublime Porte ; Mohammedan- ism, Islamism, Islam. Crescent, a. Growing, enlarging, increasing. Crescent-shaped, a. {Bot.) Lunate, lunated. Crest, n. I. Tuft, plume^ comb. 2. Top, crown, summit, ridge, highest part. 3. Armorial bearings, device. Crested, a I. With a crest. 2. (Bat.) Cristate. Crestfallen, a. Discouraged, disheartened, dis- {)irited, depressed, dejected, desponding, chap- alien, melancholy, sad, down-hearted, downcast, cast down, low-spirited, in low spirits. Cretaceous, a. Chalkv. Crevasse, «. [Fr.] C;revice, gap, opening, break, rent, chasm. Crevice, «. Fissure, chink, rift, gap, cleft, crack, cranny, interstice. Crew, H. I. Ship's company. "i^J 102 CROTCH ', 1^, *Com^By, gaft^ baoK^j set, horde, party, throng, mobi clowd. - ' Crib, n. I. Rack, manger, feeding-place. 2. Bin, bunker. 3. Child's bed. 4. Theft, piece of plunder. 5. iS^olioq.) Plagiarism. Oib, V. a. 1. Enclose {as in a crib\ cage, en- cage, confine, imprison, shut up. 2. Pilfer, purloin. Crick, n. Spasm, cramp, convulsion. Crim. con. Criminal conversation. See Adultkkv. Crime, «. I. Felony, aggravated misdemeanor, gross offence (especially against human law), infraction of law. 2. Sin, transgression, iniquity, wickedness, unrighteousness, wrong, dehnqueucy {of a vio- lent or high-handed nature). Criminal, a. I. Grossly contrary to law, illegal, felonious, tending to crmie, stained by crime. 2. Culpable, guilty, wicked, iniquitous, flagi- tious. Criminal, n. Culprit, delinquent, offender, trans- gressor, trespasser, malefactor, convict, felon. Cnminal conversation. [Abbreviated Crim. coti.} Adultery. Criminality, n. Guiltiness, guilt, culpability. Criminate, v. a. I. Accuse, charge, arraign, im- peach, allege to be guilty. 2. Involve in crime, implicate in guilt, show guilty. Crimination, n. Accusation, impeachment, ar- raignment, charge. Crimp, V. a. I. Curl, crisp. 2. Plait, form into ridges. Crimp, «. {Colloq.) Decoyman {/or the military service), ensnarer, trapanner. Cringe, v. n. Crouch, fawn, truckle, sneak, stoop, bend the knee. Clinging, a. Crouching, fawning, servile, sneak- ing, obsequious. Crinkle, v. n. I. Crankle, run in and out, wind, bend 2. Wrinkle, curl, be corrugated. Crinklei v. a. Wrinkle, corrugate, curl. Cripple, n. Lame man, lame woman. Cripple, V. a. I. Lame, make lame. 2. Disable, weaken, impair, break down. Crisis, n. I. Acme, height, decisive turn, turning point, critical juncture. 2, Exigency, emergency, juncture, conjunc- ture, pass, strait, rub, pinch, pushi critical situation. Crisp, \a. I. Brittle, friable. Crispy, j 2. Curied, frizzled. Crisp, V. a. Twist, curl. Crispin, n. Shoemaker, cordwainer, cobbler. Cristate, a. {Bot.) Crested. Criterion, «. Standard, test, touchstone, measure, rule, canon. Critic, «. I. Reviewer, censor, connoisseur, judge, {of artistic merit). 2. Censurer, caviller, carper. Critical, a. I. Exact, nice, accurate. 2. Censorious, carping, cavilling, captious. 3. Determining, decisive, crucial, turning, important. 4. Dangerous, hazardous, imminent, momen- tous, dubious, precarious, ticklish. Criticise, v. a. Examine and estimate {as works of art or of literature), remark upon {with refer- ence to merits and defects), pass judgment upon. Criticism, n, I. Art of criticising. 2. Critique, strictures, animadversion, review, critical remarks. CritiQae, «. Criticism, review, critical examina- tion, critical remarks, critical notice- Croak, v. n. I. Talk croakingly, talk hoarsely, mumble and groan. 2. Forebode, cry things down, be depreciatory, take a gloomy view of things. Croaker, «. Decrier, depreciator, one that takes a gloomy view, alarmist, foreboder. Crock, n. I. Earthen jar, pot, piece of crockery. 2. Low seat, stool. 3. Soot, smut. Crock, V. a. Blacken {with soot), soil, smut. Crockery, «. Earthen-ware. Crocodile tears. Affected tears, hypocritical sor- row, dissembled grief. Crone, «. I. Old woman (in contempt). 2. Old ewe. 3. Garrulous old man, aged gabbler or twaddler. Crony, «. {Collog.) Associate, intimate friend, bosom friend, bosom companion. Crook, n. I. Bend, flexure, curvature, turn. 2. Bent staff, shepherd's crook, bishop's crook or sta&. 3. Trick, artifice, machination. Crook, V. a. Bend, curve, incurvate, bow, inflect, make crooked. Crook, V. n. Bend, curve, become crooked, wind, turn. Crooked, a. I. Bent, curved, bowed, winding. 2. Distorted, twisted, wry, awry, askew, de- formed, disfigured. 3. Perverse, contumacious, self-willed, capri- cious, froward. 4. Dishonest, unfair, dishonorable, knavish, unscrupulous, deceitful, tricky, insidious, crafty, intriguing, diplomatic, Machiavelian. Croon, V. a. Hum, sing softly, sing in a low tone. Croon, n. I. Murmur, moan. 2. Simple melody. Crop, «. I. Harvest. 2. Craw, first stomach {of a bird). Crop, V. a. I. Lop, clip, cut off. 2. Gather, pluck, pick. 3. Browse, nibble, feed upon. Crosier, «. Pastoral %\zS{ofan archbishop). Cross, n. I. Gibbet {made of pieces of wood plctced transversely). 2. [With The prefixed.] Gospel, Christian doctrine. Christian religion, Christianity : Chris- tendom. 3. Trial, vexation, trouble, aflHiction, misfor- tune. 4. Intermixture {of species). Cross, a. I. Transverse, lying athwart. 2. Fretful, peevish, petulant, pettish, snappish, waspish, touchy, testy, crusty, churlish, crabbed, captious, ill-natured, morose, sulky, sullen, spleeny, surly, cynical, snarling, sour, ill-tem- pered, out of humor, out of temper, grouty {colloq^. Cross, ». ;=c.,,c;„« Dehortatory, r • Dissuasive. Deification, n. Apotheosis, deifying. Deify, v. a. I. Raise to the rank of a deity, place among the gods, apotheosize. 2. Idolize, cultivate idolatrously, make a god of, make into an object of worship, praise or revere as a deity. 3. Make godlike, exalt, elevate, ennoble. Deign, v. n. Condescend, vouchsafe, think fit, see fit. Deign, v. a. Grant, vouchsafe, accord. Deist, n. Unbeliever in miraculous revelation, disbeliever in the miraculous origin of Chris- tianity, holder to merely natural religion, believer in God but not in Providence or revelation, free- thinker. Deity, «. I. Divinity, Godhead, the Divine Nature. 2. {Myth.) God or goddess. Deject, V. a. Dishearten, dispirit, discourage, de- press, sadden, make despondent, make sad. Dejected, a. Disheartened, dispirited, discouraged, depressed, down-hearted, downcast, despondent, doleful, cast down, chapfallen, crestfallen, down in the mouth, blue, gloomy, hipped, dumpish, in the dumps. Dejection, ». Depression, despondency, sadness, melancholy, gloom, dumps, blues, lowness of spirits, low spirits. D^eSlf'l"- ^^'■•^ ^' Breakfast, morning meal. 2. Luncheon, lunch ("An odious word." — R. IV. Emerson). De jure. [L.J Of ripht, by right, by law. Delay, v. a. I. Defer, postpone, procrastinate, put off, stave off, let lie over. DELAY 112 DEMEAN one's SELF 2. Detain, hinder, retard, stop, impede. Delay^ v. n. Linger, tarry, stop, procrastinate. Delay, «. I. Procrastination, postponement, de- ferring, the Fabian policy, masterly inactivity. 2. Lingering, tarrying, stay, stop, dallying, dawdling. 3. Detention, hindrance, retardation, imped- iment, stoppage. Dele, V. a. [L.] Erase, eflface, remove, delete, blot out. Delectable, a. Pleasing, pleasant, delightful, agreeable, gratifying. Delectation, «. Delight, joy, gladness, rapture, transport, ravishment, ecstasy, great pleasure. Delegate, v. a. I. Depute, commission, appoint as agent, send on an embassy. 2. Intrust, commit. Delegate, «. Deputy, commissioner, represent- ative. Delegation, «. I. Delegating, intrusting, com- mittal. 2. Deputies, delegates, body of delegates or representatives. > Delete, v. a. Erase, efface, remove, dele, blot out. Deleterious, a. I. Destructive, deadly, poison- ous, noxious, lethal. 2. Injurious, pernicious, hurtful, harmful, unwholesome. Delit)erate, v n Reflect, ponder, consider, think, cogitate, ruminate, muse, meditate, take counsel with one's self. Deliberate, a. I, Wary, cautious, careful, cir- cumspect, considerate, thoughtful. 2. Well considered, well advised. 3. Purposed, done on purpose, studied, done in cold blood. 4. Slow, unhurried, leisurely. Deliberation, n. I. Consideration, meditation, cogitation, thought, reflection, circumspection, wariness, caution, thoughtfulness. 2. Purpose, conscious determination, distinct intention, cold blood, malice prepense. 3. Consultation, discussion. Delicacy, n. I. Pleasantness, agreeableness, deliciousness, daintiness, savoriness, relish. 2. Dainty, tidbit, titbit. 3. Fineness, softness, smoothness, tenderness, lightness, nicety, niceness, elegance. 4. Slightness, slenderness, weakness, frailty, tenderness. 5. Carefulness, scrupulousness, fastidiousness, daintiness, discrimination, tact, nice percep- tion. 6. Refinement, purity, sensibility, fine feeling. Delicate, a. I. Pleasant, pleasing, delicious, agreeable, savory, palatable. 2. Fine, nice, elegant, exquisite. 3. Slight, slender, weak, frail, tender, sensitive. 4. Discriminating, careful, scrupulous, fastidi- ous, dainty, of nice perception. 5. Refined, pure. DelicionSj a. I. Luscious, savory, palatable, deli- cate, dainty, nice- 2. Pleasant, grateful, agreeable, charming, de- lightful, exquisite. Delight, «. Joy, gladness, delectation, satisfac- tion, charm, gratification, rapture, transport, ravishment, ecstasy, great pleasure. Delight, V. a. Enrapture, transport, ravish, en- chant, charm, gratify, rejoice, please highly. Delight, V. n. Take delight, have great pleasure, rejoice. Delightful, a. Charming, enchanting, ravishing, very agreeable, highly pleasing, rapturous, en- rapturing, transporting. Delineate, v. a. I. Design, sketch, figure, draw, represent by outlines. 2. Describe, portray, depict, picture, paint, set forth. Delineation, n. I. Sketch, design, outline, draught. 2. Description, account, portrayal. Delinquency, «. Fault, misdeed, misdemeanor, offence, crime, failure in duty, neglect of duty. Delinquent, a. Failing in duty, offending, neg- ligent. Delinquent, «. Offender, culprit, criminal, wrong- doer, misdoer, miscreant, malefactor. Deliquesce, v. «. Melt (gradually), liquefy. Deliquescent, a. I. Liquefying, tending to melt or become liquid. 2. Vanishing, tending to disappear or go to waste. Delirious, a. Insane {as in fevers), mad, de- ranged, demented, wandering, lightheaded, crazy, raving, frantic, frenzied. Delirium, n. Wandering (oj in fevers), incoher- ence, hallucination, derangement, insanity, frenzy, raving, madness, alienation of mind. Delirium tremens. Mania a potu, the horrors. Deliver, v. a. I. Liberate, release, free, emanci- pate, set free, set at liberty. 2. Rescue, save, extricate, redeem. 3. Commit, transfer, give, hand over, pass over, make over. 4. Yield, cede, grant, surrender, relinquish, resign, give up. 5. Pronounce, utter, speak, declare, pro- mulgate. 6. Discharge, deal, give forth. Deliverance, «. I. Release, liberation, emanci- pation, redemption, escape. 2. Extrication, rescue, acquittance. Delivery, «. I. Surrender, conveyance, giving up. 2. Giving, handing over, transmission, passing over. 3. Distribution {,of mail-matter), 4. Utterance, enunciation, pronunciation, speech, elocution. 5. Childbirth, parturition, labor, travail, lying-in, confinement. Dell, n. Dale, dingle, valley, ravine, glen. Delude, v. a. Deceive, beguile, mislead, cheat. cozen, chouse, gull, dupe, circumvent, overreach, trick, impose upon, lead astray, lead into error. Deluge, n. Flood, overflow, inundation, cataclysm. Deluge, V. a. Submerge, inundate, overflow, drown, overwhelm. Delusion, «. I. Trick, imposition, imposture, cheat, fraud, artifice, wile, snare, ruse, dodge, fetch, clap;-trap. 2. Illusion, deception, fallacy, error, halluci- nation, mockery, phantasm, false show. Delusive, a. Fallacious, deceitful, deceptive, de- ceiving, illusive, illusory. Delve, V a. and v. n. Dig. Demagogue, «. Ringleader of the populace, fac- tious leader, popular agitator. Demand, v. a. I. Claim, require, exact, chal- lenge, call for, ask for. 2. Necessitate, require, rightfully claim, make necessary. Demand, v. «. Ask, inquire, make inquiry. Demand, ». I. Claim, requisition, requirement, exaction. 2. Want, call, desire to obtain. _ 3. Question, inquiry, interrogation. Demarcation, n. Division, separation, distinc- tion, limit, bound, boundary. Demean one's self. I. Behave, conduct, acquit one's sel£ DEMEANOR 113 DEPARTMENT 2. Degrade, debase, lower, or belittle one's self. Demeanor, «. Behavior, carriage, deportment, conduct, manner, bearing, air, mien. Demented, a- Idiotic, foolish, infatuated, insane, crazy, crack-brained, daft, deranged. Dementia, «. [L.] {Med.) Idiocy, insanity, loss of intellecL Demerit, «. Fault, delinquency, ill-desert. Demi-monde, n. [Fr.] Questionable women {.col- lectively)^ the kept-mistresses, the courtesan class. Demirep, «. Woman of doubtful reputation (as respects chastity), questionable woman, member of the denii-ntonde. Demise. «. I. Conveyance, alienation, transfer, transferrence. making over. 2. Death \pfa royal or a distinguished per- son), decease. Demise, v. a. I. Alienate, transfer, consign, de- volve, convey, make over, deliver over. 2. Bequeath, devise, will, grant by will. Demiurgic, a. Creative, formative. Democracy, «. I. Government by the people. 2. Republic, representative government. 3. [ U. S.'\ Democrats, democratic party. D^SSckl, } - . I- P«P"!-' o^ ^^^^ p«°p'«- 2. Representative, republican. 3. \U.S.\ Of the democrats. Demolish, v. a. Destroy, overthrow, raze, level, ruin, dash to pieces, break to pieces. Demolition, «. Overthrow, destruction, ruin. Demon> n. I. Devil, fiend, evil spirit, goblin. 2, Spirit, genius, guardian spirit, tutelary deity. Demoniac, \a. Diabolical, devilish, fiendish, Demoniacal, I hellish, infernal. Demonstrable, a. Provable, capable of being proved, capable of absolute proof or demon- stration. Demonstrate, v. a. Prove, establish, show, make evident, make certain, show beyond the possi- bility of doubt. Demonstration, ». I. Proof, rigorous or abso- lute establishment. 2. Manifestation, show, exhibition, display. Demonstrative, a. I. Conclusive, apodictic, ab- solute, certain, producing demonstration. 2. Energetically expressive, free in expression {of feeling), unreserved, open, prone to display of feeling. Demoralization, «. I. Corruption of morals, depravity, want of principle. 2. {3fil.) Loss of courage, lack of self- confidence, destruction of discipline. Demoralize, v. a. I. Corrupt, deprave, vitiate, deprive of moral principle. 2. [Mil.) Deprive of courage <»r confidence, break down the morale or discipline of. Demulcent, a. Mild, soothing, lenitive, emollient, sedative. Demur, v. n. I. Hesitate, pause, stop, waver, be in doubt, stop to consider. 2. Object, raise objections, scruple, state scruples, take exceptions. Demure, a. I. Affectedly modest, prudish, over- modest, putting on shyness or coyness. 2. Sober, sedate, grave, modest, coy, downcast. Demtirrer, n. (Law.) Objection, issue on matter of law. Den, n. I. Cavern, cave. 2. [A Itvays in bad sense, implying squalor, misery, or vice.\ Haunt, retreat, resort, place of resort. Dendriform, a. Arborescent, arboriform, den- dritic, dendroid, branching. SlSdSid;}-- See Dendriform. Dengue, «. [Sp.] Break-bone fever, dandy-fever. Denial, ». I. Contradiction, negation, contro- verting. 2. Disavowal, disclaimer, abjuration, dis- owning. 3. VitiviSsX [to grant a request). Denizen, «. I. [Eng. law.) Naturalized citizen, adopted citizen. 2. Inhabitant, dweller, resident. Denominate, v. a. Name, designate, entitle, style, call, dub, christen, phrase. Denominate, a, (Arith.) Compound. Denomination, n. I. Name, title, style, desig- nation, appellation. 2. Class, kind, sort. 3. Sect, school. Denote, v. a. Signify, mean, imply, betoken, in- dicate, typify, note, mark, designate, point out. Denouement, «. [Fr.J I. Catastrophe (pf a drama or a novel), unravelling of the plot. 2. Issue, upshot, conclusion, termination, finale, consummation, winding up, finishing stroke, final event. Denounce, v. a. I. Threaten, menace. 2. Brand, stigmatize, arraign, upbraid , censure. 3. Inform against, accuse, lay information or charges against. DenoVO. [L.] Anew, newly, afresh, again, over again. Dense, a. Close, compact, condensed, compressed, thick. Density, «• Closeness, compactness. Dent, «, Indentation, dint, nick, notch. Dent. V, a. Indent, make a dent upon. Dentated i "• '^'°*'*^^''» notched, serrate, serrated. Dentifrice, «. Tooth-powder. Dentist, «. Dental surgeon, surgeon dentist Dentition, «. Teething, cutting of the teeth. Denude, v. a. Strip, divest, make bare, make naked. Denunciation, «. I. Menace, threat. 2. Arraignment, severe censure. 3, Exposure, informing against, Denundatoxy, a. Condemnatory, stigmatizing, upbraiding. Deny, v. a. I. Contradict, gainsay, declare to be untrue, 2. Renounce, abjure, disown, disavow, abne- gate, refuse to acknowledge. 3. Withhold, refuse to grant. Deobstruent, a. (Med.) Laxative, aperient, loosening. Deobstruent, n. (Med.) Laxative, aperient, loosening medicine. Deodorize, v. a. Disinfect, deprive of odor. Deodorizer, «, Disinfectant. Deoxidate, v. a. See Deoxidize. Deoxidation, «, Deoxidization. Deoxidize, v. a. Deoxidate, deprive of oxygen. Depart, v. n. I. Disappear, vanish, go away. 2. Go, start, set out, set forward, be off, take leave, bid adieu, bid farewell, take one's de- parture, make one's exit, take one's self o£F. 3. Die, decease, leave the world. Depart from. I. Leave, quit, go away from. 2. Abandon, forsake, desert, give up, cease to adhere to._ 3. Deviate from, vary from. Department, «. I. Part, portion, division (espe- cially a territorial division), province. 2. Province, function, office, station, sphere of duty, course of life. 3. Province, branch, division or subdivision [of a subject or notion). DEPARTURE 114 DEPURATE Departnre, n. I. Withdrawal, exit, recession, retirement, removal. 2. Abandonment {of), forsaking {of). 3._ Deviation, variation, declension, declining, declination. 4. Death, decease, demise, exit Depend, v. n. Hang, be pendent. Dependant, n. I. Vassal, minion, retainer, henchman, client, hanger-on. 2. Consequence, corollary, attendant circum- stance, concomitant. Dependence, «. I. Connection, concatenation, interdependence. 2. Reliance, trust, confidence. 3. Stay, staff, support, prop, buttress, supporter. 4. Subordination, subjection, conditioned ex- istence, contingency, need {of). Dependency, «• I. Adjunct, appurtenance. 2. Colony, province, subject territory. Dependent, a. I. Hanging, pendent. 2. Conditioned, contingent, unable to exist without, at the disposal of, sustained by. Depend on. I. Rely upon, rest upon, confide in, trust to, count upon, reckon upon, build upon, depend upon. 2. Be conditioned or dependent on, be con- tingent upon, require, demand, imply, presuppose. Depend upon. See Depend on. Depict, V. a. I. Paint, sketch, portray, delineate, pencil. 2. Describe, set forth, portray, delineate, represent. Deplete, v. a. Exhaust, drain, . reduce, empty, evacuate. Depletion, n. Exhausting, exhaustion, reducing, reduction, draining, emptying, evacuation. Deplorable, a. Lamentable, pitiable, sad, calam- itous, grievous, miserable, wretched, distressing, mournful, melancholy, to be deplored. Deplore, v. a. Moum, bewail, lament, bemoan, grieve for, sorrow over. Deploy, V. a. (Mil.) Open, unfold, extend, expand, display. Deploy, V. n. {Mil.) Open, display. Depone, v. n. {Old Eng: and Scotch law.) De- pose, testify, affirm, state, bear witness. Deponent, «. Witness (who makes oath to a written statement)^ Depopulate, v. a. Dispeople, unpeople, deprive of inhabitants. Deportment, «. Demeanor, behavior, carriage, conduct, bearing, manner, air, breeding. Deport one's self. Behave, act, conduct one's self, demean one's self, acquit or quit one's self, bear one's self, comport one's self. Depose, v. a. Dethrone, dismiss, oust, cashier, displace, break, degrade. Depose, v. n. Testify, declare, bear witness, depone (Old Eng. and Scotch). Deposit, V. a. I. Drop, let fall, throw down, precipitate. 2. Lay, lay down, put, place, put down. 3. Lodge, put, store, board, save, lay up, lay by. 4. Intrust, commit, put for safe keeping. Deposit, «. I. Precipitate, sediment. 2. Security, pledge, pawn, stake. 3. Money in bank. 4. (Rare.) Depository, storehouse. Depositary, «. Trustee, guardian, fiduciary. Deposition, ». {Law.) I. Testimony (mwr/V/«;f, signed and sworn to before a magistrate, after crosS'exatnination\ evidence, affidavit. 2. Dethroning, dismission, displacement, removal. Depository, ». Storehouse, depot, place of deposit, deposit. Depot, n. I. Depository, storehouse, warehouse, magazine. 2. Station {of a railway), station-house, railway station. ' Depravation, «. I. Vitiation, corruption, deteri- oration, abasement, debasement, impairing, injury. 2. Depravitv, degeneracy, degeneration, dete- rioration, debasement, impairment, impaired condition. Deprave, v. a. Vitiate, corrupt, contaminate, pollute, demoralize, make bad. Depraved, p. and a. Corrupted, corrupt, vicious, wicked, profligate, dissolute, reprobate, graceless, abandoned, shameless, hardened, lost. Depravity, «. I. Degeneracy, depraved or de- pressed state, low condition, depravation, cor- ruption. 2. Corruptness, corruption, wickedness, yiciousness, demoralization, vice, immorahty, license, iniquity. Deprecate, v. a. I, Pray to be delivered from, seek deliverance from, try to avert by prayer, make entreaty against. 2. View with regret, wish not to have occur, regard with regretful disfavor. Depreciate, v. a. I. Underrate, undervalue, lessen the price of, diminish the value of. 2. Disparage, decry, traduce, malign, belittle, degrade, censure, find fault with. Depreciate, v. «. Fall in price, fall in value, become of less worth, decline, fall off, fall, lose value. Depreciation, n. I. Fall in price, diminution of value, decline in value, fall, decline. 2. Detraction, disparagement, derogation, belittling, traducing, maligning, censure. Depreciative, a. Derogatory, depreciatory, dis- paraging. Depredation, «. Spoliation, rapine, robbery, thefl, pillage, plunder, pilfering. Depredator, ». Plunderer, robber, thief, spoiler, brigand, freebooter, pirate, corsair, buccaneer, marauder. Depress, Z'. a, I. Lower, detrude, drop, sink, bow, reduce, press down, let down, let fall, cast down, bring down. 2. Degrade, humble, disgrace, humiliate, debase, abase, abash, bring low, take down. 3. Discourage, dishearten, dispirit, deject, damp, dampen, chill, sadden, make sad, make despondent. 4. Make dull (as trade), lower. Depression, «. I. Abasement, degradation, deterioration, debasement, perversion, vitiation,' depravation. 2. Hollow, hollowness, cavity, concavity, in- dentation, dent, dint, dimple, excavation, pit. 3. Dejection, dejectedness, sadness, despond- ency, melancholy, dolefulness, dole, gloom, gloominess, dumps, blues, lowness of spirits, low spirits, depression of spirits, vapors. 4. Lowness, dulness, inactivity, stagnation. 5. (Surg.) Couching. Deprivation, «. Loss, privation, bereavement, dispossession. Deprive, v. a. Dispossess, divest, strip, rob. See Bereave. Depth, n. I. Deepness, profundity. 2. Extent, measure. 3. Middle, central part, midst, stillest part, stillness, silence. 4. Discernment, sapacity, shrewdness, pene- tration, astuteness, perspicacity, profoundness, profundity. Depurate, v. a. I. Purify, cleanse, make pure. 2. Clarify, clear, make clear. DEPURATION 115 DESIGN DejniratiOIly n. I. Cleansing, purification. 2. Clarification, clearing, clarifying. Deputatioilt n. I. Delegation, commission. 2. Deputies, delegates, body of delegates, delegation, commissionersi envoys, legation, embassy. Depute, V. a. Delegate, commission, send out, appoint as agent. Deputy, n. Delegate, representative, substitute, proxy, envoy, legate, agent, factor. Derange, v. a. I. Disorder, confuse, unsettle, disarrange, displace, turn topsy-turvy, put out of place. 2. Disturb, discompose, disconcert, ruffle. 3. Make or render insane, craze, madden, unbalance. Derangement, n. I. Disorder, confusion, dis- arrangement. 2. Disturbance, discomposure. 3. Insanity, lunacy, madness, mania, delirium, mental aberration, mental alienation, alienation. Derbyshire-spar, n. Fluor-spar, fluoride of calcium. Derelict, a. I. (Law.) Forsaken, relinquished, abandoned^ left. 2. Unfaithful, faithless, delinquent, negligent, guiltily neglectful. Derelict, «. (Law.) I. Abandoned property. 2. Tract of land (y?/ /or cultivation) lefl dry by the retirement of the sea. Dereliction, n. I. Abandonment, renunciation, desertion, relinquishment. 2. Faithlessness, failure in duty, delinquency, neglect, negligence. Deride, v. a. Ridicule {contemptuously or mali- ciously), mock, scout, satirize, lampoon, jeer, taunt, chaff, scoflf at, jeer at, laugh at, make fun of, make sport of, make game of. turn to ridi- cule, hold up to ridicule, make a butt of, make merry with, poke fun at {colloq. ). See Ridicule. Derision, n. Ridicule, mockery, scorn, con- tempt. Derisive, \a. Scoffing, mocking, ridiculing. Derisory, J scornful, contemptuous, contume- lious. Derivable, a. I. Obtainable, to be derived. 2. Deducible, that may be inferred {from Premises). 3. That may be traced (to a roof). Derivation, n. I. Descent, genealogy, ex- traction. 2. Etymology. 3. Deriving, obtaining, deducing. 4. Source (m), origination (from), foundation {in). Derivative, a. Derived. Derive, v. a. I. Draw, receive, obtain, get 2. Deduce, trace. Derm, n. Skin, true skin, cutis or cutis vera. Dermatoid, a. Skin-like. Derogate from. Disparage, detract from, take something from, be derogatory of or to, lessen, diminish, compromise, be hostile to. Derogation, n. Detraction, disparagement, de- preciation. Derogatory, a. Detracting, dishonoring, depre- ciative, disparaging. Descant, «. I. Melody {with variations), song, tune. 2. Commentary, animadversion, remarks, series of comments. 3. Discourse, discussion, disputation. 4. {Mus.) Soprano, treble, highest part in a score. Descant, v. n. Expatiate, enlarge, dilate, dis- course, make remarks, treat copiously, animad- vert freely. Descend, v. n, I. Fall, sink, drop, go down, come down. 2. Dismount, alight, get down. 3. Go, pass, proceed, be transferred or trans- mitted or handed down. 4. Originate, be derived, take rise. 5. Make an attack, make an assault, make a descent. Descend, v. a. Go down, move down. Descendants, n. pi. Progeny, posterity, off- spring. Descendent, a. Descending. Descent, n. I. Fall, coming down. 2. Going down, descending, journey or voy- age down. 3. Declivity, slope. 4. Extraction, derivation, parentage, gen- ealogy. 5. Attack, assault, incursion, foray, raid, hos- tile invasion. Describe, v. a. I. Delineate, trace, draw, mark out. 2. Represent {by words), portray, depict, ex- plain, recount, narrate, relate, give an account of, set forth. 3. Characterize, specify the peculiarities of, set forth the character of. Description, «. I. Delineation, tracing. 2. Representation, explanation, account, rela- tion, recital, report, narration, narrative. 3. Sort, kind, class, species. Descry, v, a. I. Discover, discern, espy, per- ceive, see, behold, get sight of, get a glimpse of. 2. Detect, recognize, find out, spy out. Desecrate, v. a. Profane, pollute, treat sacrile- giously, pervert to unholy uses. Desecration, ». Profanation, pollution, perver- sion to unholy uses, sacrilegious treatment. Desert, a. Uninhabited, desolate, forsaken, wild, waste, barren, untitled. Desert, n. Wilderness, waste, solitude, deserted region. Desert, «. Deserving, due, merit or demerit. Desert, v. «• I. Forsake, leave, quit, abandon, renounce, leave in the lurch, turn one's back upon. 2. Leave unlawfully, run away from. Desert, v. n. Abandon one's post, run away from military service. Deserted, a. Forsaken, abandoned, relinquished, given up, cast off, lonely, lone. Deserter, «. I. Forsaker, abandoner. 2. Backslider, renegade, apostate, revolter, turncoat. 3. Delinquent soldier, renegade from military service. Desertion, «. I. Abandonment, relinquishment, dereliction. 2. Abandonment of one's post, unlawful de- parture from military service. Deserve, v. a. Merit, be worthy of, .be entitled DeshabllM, «. [Fr.] Undress. Desiccate, v. a. Dry, exsiccate, dry up, make dry. Desiccative, a. Drying. Desiccative, «. Drier. Desiderate, v. a. Desire, want, miss, lack, feel the want of. Desideratum, «. [L. //. Desiderata.] Object of desire, thing wanted, want generally felt. Design, v. a. I. Project, plan, devise, contrive, scheme, concoct, brew. 2. Purpose, intend, mean, propose to one's self, have in view. 3. Draw, delineate, sketch, describe, trace out. DESIGN 116 DESTITUTION Design, «. I. Intention, intent, purpose, project, plan, device, scheme, proposal, aim, intent, meaning, purport, dritt, scope, object, mark. 2. Sketch, drawing, outline, delineation, plan, draught. 3. Contrivance, invention, inventiveness, adaptation of means to ends. Desigiiate, v. a. I. Specify, particularize, dis- tinguish, indicate, denote, show, point out, mark out, select. 2. Characterize, describe, define. 3. Denominate, name, entitle, style, call, term, christen, dub. 4. Appoint, assign, allot. Designation, ». I. indication, specification, point- ing out, particularization, selection. 2. Kind, class, description. 3. Name, appellation, title, style, denomina- tion. See Epithet. Designedly, ad. Purposely, intentionally, on pur- pose, deliberately. Designing, a. Crafty, insidious, deceitfiil, artful, intriguing, sly, wily, astute, subtle, cunning, arch, trickish, tricky, treacherous, crooked, diplomatic, Machiavelian. Desirable, a. Eligible, enviable, to be desired. Desire, «. I. Wish, will, aspiration. 2. Longing, craving, hankering, inclination, proclivity, impulse, drawing, appetency, appetite. 3. Sexual love, love, passion. 4. Brute passion, sexual appetite, lust. Desire, v. a. I. Wish, crave, covet, want, fancy, wish for, long for, hanker after, lust after, yearn for, aspire after. 2. Solicit, request, ask. Desirons, a. Eager, longing, solicitous, desiring, feeling a desire- Desist, V. n. Cease, stop, pause, forbear, stay, leave off, break off, give over. Desman, «. Muscovy {^MygaU moschata). See Musk-rat. Desolate, a. I. Uninhabited, unfrequented, lone, lonely, solitary, desert, forsaken, dreary, wild, waste, barren. 2. Lonely, lonesome, solitary, companionless. 3. Ruined, destroyed, devastated, ravaged, laid waste, desolated. 4. Comfortless, cheerless, miserable, wretched, forlorn. Desolate, v. a. Ravage, devastate, depopulate, ruin, destroy, despoil, sack, lay waste. Desolation, n. I. Ruin, devastation, ravage, destruction. 2. Desolateness, loneliness, solitude, solitari- ness, barrenness, wildness, bleakness, dreariness. 3. Gloom, gloominess, sadness, unhappiness, wretchedness, misery. Despair, n. Desperation, despondency, loss of hope, complete or utter hopelessness. Despair, v. n. Despond, lose all hope, give up all expectation, be without any hope. Despatch, z/. a. [Written also Z?w/WcA.] I. Send away (in haste). 2. Kill, slay, slaughter, assassinate, put to death, send out of the world. 3. Hasten, expedite, accelerate, forward, speed, quicken, finish, conclude, wind up, push or urge forward, press or urge on, make short work of. Despatch, «. I. Despatching, sending, dismissal on an errand. 2. Speed, haste, expedition, diligence, due diligence. 3. Transaction, carrying on, conduct, com- pletion, doing, transactmg. 4. Message {expeditiously sent\ communica- tion, missive, instruction, report 5. Telegraphic despatch, telegram, message by telegraph. Desperado, «. Dare-devil, desperate fellow, reck- less man, ruffian. Desperate, a. I. Despairing, hopeless, despond- ing, despondent, without hope. 2. Wretched, forlorn, beyond hope, irretrieva- ble, past cure, hopeless, despaired of, lost be- yond recovery. 3. Extreme, prompted by despair, heroic, done as a last resort or in defiance of consequences. 4. Rash, reckless, precipitate, headlong, fran- tic, despairing. 5. {Colloq.) Great, extreme, prodigious, mon- strous, supreme. Desi>eration, n. I. Despair, hopelessness. 2. Rage, fury, defiance of consequences, reck- less fury. Despicable, a. Contemptible, base, mean, abject, vile, worthless, low, paltry, pitiful. Despise, v. a. Contemn, scorn, spurn, disdain, scout, slight, disregard, hold in contempt, look down upon. Despite, «. I. Malevolence, malignity, malice, spite. 2. Defiance, contempt, contemptuous opposi- tion, contumacy. Despite, prep. Notwithstanding, in spite of, in the face of, in the teeth of. Despoil, V. a. I. Strip, denude, divest, deprive, bereave. ^ 2. Rob, plunder, pillage, ravage, devastate, rifle, fleece. Despond, v. n. Despair, be cast down, be dis- heartened, lose hope, lose courage, be despond- ent, give up, abandon hope. See Despair. Despondency, «. Dejection, discouragement, de- pression, sadness, gloom, blues, vapors, blue devils, lowness of spirits. See Melancholy, n. Despondent, a. Dispirited, disheartened, discour- aged, dejected, depressed, low-spirited, in low spirits. See Melancholy, a. Despot, n. I. Autocrat, dictator, absolute sover- eign, absolute ruler. 2. Tyrant, oppressor, arbitrary or wilful ruler. Despotic, \ a. I. Absolute, imperious, auto- Despotical, ) cratic. 2. Tyrannical, tyrannous, arbitrary, oppressive. Despotism, n. I. Autocracy, absolutism, dictator- ship, absolute power. 2. Tyranny, arbitrary or capricious rule, oppression. 3. Overpowering control, overvi'eening in- fluence. Desquamation, «. (Med.) Exfoliation, scaling. Destination, «. I. Fate, lot, doom, fortune, star, destiny. 2. Purpose, design, end, object, aim, scope, drift. 3. Goal, harbor, haven, landing-place, resting- place, journey's end. Destine, v. a. I. Appoint, ordain, allot, devote, consecrate. 2. Intend, design. 3. Doom, decree. Destiny, n. I. Lot, doom, fortune, fate, star, destination. 2. Fate, necessity, decrees of fate, wheel of fortune. Destitute, a. Indigent, needy, poor, penniless, necessitous, distressed, reduced, pinched, short of money, out of money, out of cash, out of pocket, in need, in want, moneyless. Destitute of. Wanting, lacking, without, devoid of. unprovided with. Destitution.^ «. Indigence, want, need, poverty, penury, privation. DESTROY 117 DEVELOP Destroy f V. a. I. Demolish, overturn, overthrow, subvert, raze, ruin, throw down, pull down, break up, sap the foundations of. 2. Annihilate, quench, take away, put an end to, bring to nought. 3. Waste, ravage, desolate, devastate, devour, lay waste, make desolate, swallow up, ravage with fire and sword. 4. Extirpate, eradicate, uproot, kill, slay, ex- tinguish, carry off, root out, grub up, pluck up by the roots, cut up root and branch, strike at the root of, give a death-blow to, scatter to the winds. Destmction, n. I. Demolition, subversion, over- throw, ruin, havoc, shipwreck. 2. Desolation, devastation, ravage. 3. Eradication, extirpation, extinction, ruin. 4. Death, slaughter, murder, massacre. 5. Destroyer, destroying agent, plague. Destructive, «•,!•, Ruinous, pernicious, deleteri- ous, baleful, mischievous, fatal, deadly. 2. [With q/i] Extirpative, eradicative, anni- hilatory. Desuetade, n. Disuse, discontinuance, non- observance, obsoleteness or obsolescence. Desultory, a. Immethodical, unconnected, un- systematic, irregular, fitful, capricious, rambling, wandering, rovmg, discursive, cursory, slight, by fits and starts. Detach, v. a. I. Separate, disjoin, disengage, disunite, sever, dissever, part, divide. 2. Detail, send away, appoint to a special service. Detail, v. a. I. Relate, recount, narrate, rehearse, delineate, portray, depict, enumerate, particular- ize, describe, set forth. 2. Detach, send away, appoint to a special service- Detail, n. I. Account, narration, narrative, re- lation, recital. 2. Detachment, sending off, appointment to special service. 3. Individual part, item, particular, particu- larity. Details, n. pi. Particulars, minutiae, distinct parts, minor circumstances. Detain, v. a. I. Restrain, stay, check, delay, retain, stop, keep back. 2. Confine, hold or keep in custody. Detect, V. a. Discover, expose, descry, ascertain, find, find out, bring to light, lay open. Detection, «. Discovery, finding out, exposure. Detent, «. Pawl, click, catch, ratchet. Deter, v. a. Restrain, hinder, discourage, pre- vent, hold back, withhold {jby fear). Detere:ent, a. Cleansing, detersive. Deteriorate, v. a. Impair, degrade, debase, vitiate, make worse. Deteriorate, v. n. Degenerate, decline, become impaired, grow worse. Deterioration, «. I. Debasement, degradation, depravation, vitiation, perversion. 2. Degeneration, degeneracy, caducity, de- cline, impairment Determinable, a. Definable, fixable, capable of decision, that may be determined. Determinate, a. I. Determined, definite, fixed, limited, settled, established, explicit, positive, express, absolute, certain. 2. Decisive, conclusive, definitive, decided. Determination, n. I. Determining, settling, fix- ing, ascertainment, settlement, deciding, decision. 2. Decision, resolution, conclusion, judgment, purpose, resolve, result. 3. Direction, tendency, leaning. 4. Resoluteness, resolution, fixity of purpose, firmness, constancy, persistence. 5. {Law.) Ceasing, termination. 6. {Log;.) Definition, qualification, limitation, adding of determinants or predicates. Determine, v. a. I. Settle, decide, adjust, con- clude, end, fix. 2. Ascertain, certify, verify, find out, make out, fix upon. 3. Influence, lead, induce, incline, turn, give direction to. 4. Resolve, decide, make the resolution or decision. 5. (Law.) Bring to an end, put an end to, cause to terminate. 6. (Log.) Define, condition, limit, give marks or qualifications or predicates. 7. Necessitate, compel, subject to unyielding conditions. Determine, v. «. I, Conclude, decide, resolve. 2. Cease, end, come to an end. Detersive, a. Cleansing, detergent. Detest, V. a. Hate (extremely), abominate, abhor, loathe, execrate, nauseate, shrink from, recoil from. Detestable, a. I. Execrable, abominable, odious, hateful, cursed, accursed, abhorred, damnable. 2. Loathsome, disgusting, sickening, repulsive, offensive, nauseating. Detestation, n. I. Hatred, abhorrence, abomina- tion, detesting. 2. Loathing, disgust, antipathy. Dethrone, v. a. Depose, drive from the throne, drive out of power. Detonate, v. n. Explode with a loud report, detonize. Detonate, v. a. Detonize, cause to explode or burst with a loud report. Detonation, n. Explosive report, bursting noise. Detonize, v. n. See Detonate, v. n, Detonize, v. a. See Detonate, v. a. Detour, «. [Fr.] Circuitous route, indirect way, roundabout way. Detract, v. a. Depreciate, disparage, etc. See under i. in next entry. Detract from. I. Depreciate, disparage, decry, asperse, abuse, calumniate, vilify, traduce, de- fame, derogate from. 2. Subtract from, lessen, diminish, depreciate, deteriorate, lower, derogate from. Detraction, «. Depreciation, slander, aspersion, abuse, calumny, defamation, disparagement, derogation, censure. Detractor, «. Slanderer, defamer, calumniator, vilifier, depreciator, asperser. Detriment, n. Loss, damage, injury, disadvan- tage, mischief, prejudice, evil, harm, hurt. Detrimental, a. Injurious, hurtful, harmful, mis- chievous, pernicious, prejudicial. Detritus, «. I. Dibris, rubbish of attrition. 2. Rubbish, waste, disintegrated remains, dSbris. Detrude, v. a. Depress, lower, sink, drop, thrust down, force down, thrust into {a lower place or state). Detrusion, «. Depression, lowering, thrusting down. Deuce, n. I. Two, two-spot {said of cards or dice). 2. (Colloq.) Devil. DeutOXide, «. Binoxide. Devastate, v. a. Ravage, pillage, plunder, sack, spoil, despoil, destroy, desolate, strip, la^ waste. Devastation, «. I. Ravaging, pillaging, etc. See the verb. 2. Ravage, desolation, destruction, havoc, ruin, waste, pillage, rapine. Develop, v. a. I. Unfold, evolve, disclose, ex- hibit, unravel, disentangle, make known, lay open. DEVELOP 118 DIATRIBE 2. Cause to grow, bring to maturity, bring out. 3. (A!^.) Expand, perform the operations indicated in. Develop, v. «. Unfold, open, grow, be developed, advance to maturity, advance in successive or continuous gradation. Development^ n. I. Unfolding, disclosure, ex- hibition, unravelling, disentanglement. 2. Growth, increase, progress to maturity. 3. involution, progressive growth, progression in a continuously ascending gradation. 4. M^) Expansion, expanding. Deviate, v. n. I. Digress, diverge, deflect, veer, tack, wheel, turn aside, alter one's course, wheel about. 2. Err, stray, swerve, wander, go astray, go out of one's way, lose one's way. 3. Differ, vary, diverge. Deviate, v. a. Turn aside, cause to deviate. Deviation, n. I. Divergence, departure, depres- sion, divarication, turning, aberration. 2* Difference, variation, variance, change, alteration. 3. Error, offence, iniquity, sin, obliquity of conduct. Device* «. I. Contnvance, invention, scheme, design, plan, project, expedient, shift, resort, resource. 2. Artifice, stratagem, wile, ruse, manceuvre, trick, fraud, evasion. 3. Design, fanciful conception, piece of fancy. 4. Emblem, symbol, type, sign, emblazoned bearing. 5. Motto, emblematic legend, legend. Devil; n. I. Satan, Luciler, Belial, Apollyon, Arch-fiend, Arch-enemy, the Tempter, Deuce, the Evil One, the Man of Sin, the Wicked One, the Old Serpent, the Prince of Darkness, the Foul Fiend, the Enemy, the Adversary. See Apollyon. 2. Demon, evil spirit, goblin. 3. Printer's devil, printer's errand-boy. Devilf V. a. I, Make devilish or fiendish. 2. Spice excessively, make hot or burning with spices. Devilish, a. I. Diabolical, satanic, infernal, demon, demonic, demoniac, fiendish, hellish. 2. Atrocious, malignant, malign, malicious, malevolent, wicked, cruel, barbarous ; and all under i, taken figuratively. Devilry, «. I. Mischief, diablery, devilment, wanton rollicking. 2. Wickedness, devilishness, satanic evil, fiendishness. Devious, a. I, Deviating, erratic, wandering, out of the common way. 2. Erratic, going astray, sinful. 3. Crooked, mazy, labyrinthine, obscure, confusing. 4. Crooked, disingenuous, misleading, treach- erous. Devise, v. a. I. Contrive, invent, imagine, plan, scheme, project, brew, concert, concoct, com- pass. 2. Bequeath, demise, leave, give by wilL Devise, «. Bequest, legacy. Devoid, a. Vacant, empty, destitute, void. Devoirs, «. >/. [Fr.] Respects, homage. Devolve, v. a. Alienate, transfer, demise, con- sign, convey, deliver over, make over. Devolve, v. n. Fall {by succession or by inherit- ance), pass, be transferred, be handed over. Devote, v. a. I. Appropriate (by vow), conse- crate, dedicate, destine, set apart. 2. Addict, apply, resign, give up. 3. Doom, give over, consign. diablerie. Devoted* a. I. Attached, loving, affectionate. 2. Ardent, zealous, earnest, assiduous. Devotee, «. Bigot, fanatic, zealot, enthusiast. Devotion, «. I, Consecration, dedication. 2. Piety, religion, devoutness, religiousness, devotedness, holiness, sanctity, saintliness, godliness. 3. {Usually in /)/.] Worship, adoration, prayer, devoutness. 4. Attachment, affection, love. 5. Ardor, earnestness, eagerness, zeal, devotedness. Devotional, a. Devout, religious, pious, saintly, godly. Devour, v. a. I. Gorge, engorge, eat greedily or ravenously, swallow eagerly. 2. Destroy, consume, annihilate, waste, spend, expend, swallow up, destroy swiftly or rapidly. Devout, a. I. Religious, pious, holy, saintly, devotional, godly, saint-like, heavenly-minded. 2. Sincere, earnest, serious, grave, solemn. Dew-worm, «. Earth-worm, lob-worm {Lum- bricus terrestris). Dexterity, «. Skill, skilfulness, adroitness, ex- pertness, readiness, facility, aptness, aptitude, address, quickness, cleverness, knack, ability, tact, art. Dexterous, a. Skilful,adroit, expert, handy, apt, ready, quick, clever, able, facile. Diablet7, n. Mischief, wickedness, diabolical conduct. See Devilry. Diabolic, \a. Fiendish, infernal, satanic, Im- Diabolical, ) pious, atrocious, wicked. See Devilish. DiacOUStiCS, ». Diaphonics. Diadem, «. I. Crown. 2. Empire, sovereignty. Diagnostic, a. Distinguishing, characteristic. Diagram, «. Figure. Dial, n. Sun-dial. Dialect, «. I. Provincialism, idiom. 2. Language, tongue, speech, form of speech, phraseology, parlance. Dialectic, «. (Log.) Logic of illusion, negative procedure, progression by negation. Dialectic, 1 , t „„,v,, Dialectickl, r- I- L^g'^al. 2. Negative, critical, exposing limits, exposing inadequacy. 3. Idiomatic, provincial. Dialectician* «. Logician, reasoner. Dialectics, n. I. Application of logical principles, applied logic. 2. Logic, science of the laws of thought, science of reasoning. Dialogue, «. Colloquy, conference, conversation. Diameter, «. Distance through the centre {as of a circle), central chord. Diamond* n. I. Brilliant, crystallized carbon, carbon crystal. 2. Rhombus, lozenge. Diaplianeity* «• Transparency, translucency. pellucidness. Diaphanous* a. Transparent, translucent, pellucid, clear. Diaphonics, «. Diacoustics. Diaphragm* ». Midriff. Diarrhoea* n. (Med.) Relax, flux, purging, looseness of the bowels. Diarthrosis* «. (Med) Abarticulation. Diary, «. Journal, register, chronicle. Diastole, «. Dilatation, outward throb. Diatessaron* «. Harmony of the (four) Gospels. Diatribe, «. I. Disputation, dissertation, dis- quisition. 2. Invective, philippic, strain of invective, stream of abuse, reviling, tirade. DICKENS 119 DIGEST IHckenS, ». {Collog.) The Deuce, the Devil. Dicker, «. Ten, group of ten, bunch of ten. Dictate, v. a. I. Prescribe, direct, ordain, com- mand, order, bid, require, decree. 2. Utter {so that another may repeat or write'). Dictate, n. I. Injunction, command, order, decree. 2. Precept, maxim, rule. Dictation, n. I. Prescription, direction. 2. Utterance {for copying). Dictator, n. Despot, autocrat, absolute ruler. Dictatorial^ a. I. Absolute, unlimited, unre- stricted. 2.^ Imperious, authoritative, overbearing, domineering, dictatory. Dictatorsllip, n. I. Dictatorial office. 2. Term or tenure of absolute power. 3. Despotism, absolutism, arbitrary power, absolute power, iron rule. Diction, «. I. Style, phraseology, language, ex- pression, mode or manner of expression, turn of expression, form of expression. 2. Choice of words, words employed, vocabu- lary. Dictionary, n, I. Lexicon, vocabulary, glossary, word-book. 2. Encyclopaedia, cyclopjedia, alphabetical summary {in any department of knowledge). Dictum, n. (L. //. Dicta.) I. Saying, assertion, affirmation. 2. {Law.) {a) Extra-judicial opinion ; {b) award, arbitrament, decision {of an arbitrator). Didactics, «. pi. Science and art of teaching, pae- deutics, pedagogy. Didapper, ». Dab-chick, dob-chick {Podiceps minor). Diddle, z/. ». I. Totter. 2. Trifle, dawdle, waste time. Die, V. n. I. Expire, decease, depart, leave the world, draw the last breath, cease to exist, give up the ghost, pay the debt of nature, take one's last sleep, shuffle off this mortal coil, go the way of all flesh, go to one's last home, be numbered with the dead, cross the Styx, cross the Stygian ferry. 2. Wither, perish, decay, decline, fade, fade out, lose life. 3. Cease, vanish, disappear, come to nothing, come to an end, be lost, be heard of no more. 4. Sink, faint, fall. 5. Gradually cease, become fainter and fainter, subside, gradually disappear. Die, n. I. Cube (for gaming). 2. Dado, cube of a pedestal. 3. Stamp. Die away. I. Subside, grow less and less, de- crease gradually. See Die, 5. ^ 2. Languish {with delight or tenderness), fall into an ecstasy, swoon. Diet, «. I. Food, provision, victuals, aliment, nutriment, nourishment, subsistence, provision, fare, viands, regimen, cheer, rations, commons. 2. Assembly, convention, council, convocation, congress, parliament. Diet, V. n. I. Eat sparingly, eat by rule regulate the diet. 2. Feed, eat, take nourishment, nourish one's self. Differ, V. M. I. Vary, deviate, diverge, be unlike. 2. Disagree, be of a different opinion, think differently. 3. Wrangle, quarrel, contend, bicker, be at variance. Difference, «. I. Dissimilarity, variation, diver- sity, disparity, dissimilitude, divergence, devia- tion, contrariety, contrast, disagreement. 2. Disagreement, variance, alienation, misun- derstanding, dissension, jarring, breach, rupture, schism, contest, contention, c^uarrel, dispute, debate, controversy, altercation, bickering, wrangle, strife, failing out. 3. Distinction, discrimination. 4. Remainder (after subtraction), amount of inequality. Different, a. I. Distinct, separate, not the same. 2. Unlike, dissimilar, various, diverse, con- trary, contrasted, variant, deviating, divergent, diverging. 3. Various, divers, many, manifold, sundry. Differential, a. Discriminating. Difficult, a. I. Hard, arduous, Herculean, up- hill, beset with difficulty. 2. Obscure, hard to be understood, intricate, perplexing. 3. Austere, rigid, unyielding, unaccommodat- ing, uncompliant, hard to manage or persuade. 4. Fastidious, dainty, squeamish, hard to please. Difficulty, n. I. Arduousness. 2. Obstacle, impediment, bar, obstruction, barrier, hindrance, trouble, perplexity, exigency, trial, dilemma, embarrassment, emergency, pinch, predicament, fix, pickle, stand, dead-set, set fast, dead-lock, dead-stand, stand-still, horns of a dilemma, up-hill work, sea of troubles, peck of troubles, hard row to hoe, hard nut to crack. 3. Objection, cavil, obstacle to belief. A. Embroilment, complication, controversy, misunderstanding, difference. Diffidence, n. I. Distrust, doubt, hesitation, hesitancy, reluctance. 2. Bashfulness, timidity, sheepishness. shyness, extreme modesty, distrust of one's self; lack or want of self-reliance. Diffident, a. I. Distrustful, doubtful, hesitating, reluctant. 2. Bashful, timid, sheepish, over-modest, shy, distrustful of one's self. Diffuse, V. a. Disperse, scatter, disseminate, spread, circulate, propagate, distribute, pour out, send abroad, spread abroad. Diffuse, a. I. Prolix, copious, rambling, loose, verbose, wordy, long-winded, long-spun, spun out. 2. [Med.) Spreading, ilWefined, vaguely , defined. Diffu^on, n. Dispersion, spread, extension, prop- ^tion, circulation, distribution. Diflusive, a. I. Expansive, wide-reaching, permeating. 2. Spreading in every direction. Dig, V. a. I. Excavate, delve, scoop, hollow out. 2. Break up {with a spade, hoe, or the like). Dig, V. n. Delve, work with a spade, hoe, etc. Dig, «. I. Punch, poke, thrust. 2. [.At colleges, U. S I Plodding student. Digest, >f. I. Pandect. 2. Code, system. 3. Abridgtnent, abstract, compend, com- pendium, epitome, summary, synopsis, con- spectus, breviary, brief, sum and substance. Digest, V. a. I. Methodize, systematize, arrange, codify, classify, dispose^ reduce to order. 2. Concoct, convert into chyme. 3. Study, ponder, consider, contemplate, reflect upon, think on, meditate upon, con over, revolve m the mind. 4. Appropriate completely {in the mind), make one's own, assimilate, master. DIGESTION 120 DIRECT 5. {Chem.) Soften by a gentle heat, macerate, steep, soak. Digestion, «. I. Conversion of food into chyme. 2. Methodizing, digesting, classifying. 3. (Chem.) Macerating, maceraUon, steeping. Digit, «. I. Finger. 2. Numerical symbol [in the A rabic notation). 3. Finger's breadth, three fourths of an inch. 4. One twelfth of the solar diameter. Dignified, a. Stately, noble, majestic, august, grave, imposing, decorous. Dignify, v. a. I. Advance, promote, exalt, en- noble, prefer to office. 2. Honor, grace, adorn, exalt, ennoble, give lustre to, add dignity to. Dignity, «. I. Rank, elevation, standing, station, place, greatness, eminence, exaltation, glory, honor, reputableness, respectability. 2. Stateliness, grandeur, majesty, nobleness, lofty bearing or conduct, elevation of aspect or deportment, dignified behavior, decorum. 3. Honor, preferment, high station or office. 4. Magistrate, dignitary, person in office. 5. Height, elevation, importance. Digress, v. «. Wander, deviate or diverge or turn aside from one's main topic. Digression, «. I. Deviation or divergence or departure from the main topic 2. Episode, incidental passage. Dilacerate, v. a. Tear, lacerate, rend, rend asunder. Dilapidate, v. a. Waste, ruin, destroy, pull down, throw down, suffer to go to ruin. Dilapidated, a. Decayed, ruined, wasted, in ruins. Dilapidation, n. Ruin, decay, downfall. Dilatation, n. Expansion, expanding, distension, enlargement, spreading, amplification, swelling, dilation. Dilate, v. a. Expand, extend, enlarge, widen, distend, swell. Dilate, v. n. I. Expand, widen, be distended. 2. Expatiate, descant, enlarge, dwell, be diffuse, be prolix, launch out, branch out, spin a lone yarn, beat about the bush. Dilation, ». (Modern.^ Dilatation, expansion, ex- panding, swelling, bloating, distension, enlarge- ment, amplification, spreading. Dilatory, a. Slow, tardy, lingering, loitering, sluggish, laggard,^ lagging, behindhand, back- ward, procrastinating. Dilemma, «. Quandary, strait, difficult choice, puzzling alternative, awkward or bad pre- dicament. Dilettante, «. [It.] I. Amateur, trifling or desultory cultivator. 2. Pretender to taste {in the fine arts). Diligence, «. Assiduity {in some specific pursuit), assiduousness, activity, sedulousness, persever- ance, steady application {to some pursuit that one likes). See Industry. Diligent, a. Assiduous, sedulous, industrious, active, busy, persevering, notable, hard-working, at work, diligently employed, busily engaged, up and stirring, busy as a bee, brisk as a bee. Dillydally, v. n. Loiter, linger, delay, lag, saunter, trifle, dally, dawdle, idle away time. Dilute, V. a. I. Thin {with water or oth^r liq- uid), make more liquid, make thinner. 2. Attenuate, reduce, weaken, thin, make thin, make weak. Dilute, a. Thin, diluted, attenuated, weak. Diluvium, «. {Geol.) Drift. Dim, a. I. Dusky, dark, obscure, mysterious, indistinct, ill-defined, indefinite, shadowy, cloudy, faint. 2. Dull, obtuse, slow to see, slow of under- standing or perception. 3. Darkened, obscured, clouded, faint, con- fused, shorn of its beams. 4. Tarnished, blurred, sullied, dulled, dull. Dim, V. a. Darken, obscure, cloud, sully, tarnish, dull. Dime, n. Ten cents. Dimension, n. I, Extent, extension, measure (in one direction). 2. {Alg^.) Literal factor. Dimensions, n- pi. I. Size, magnitude, bulk, volume, bigness, capacity, amplitude, greatness, largeness, mass, massiveness. 2. Measurements, linear dimensions; length, breadth, and thickness. Dim-eyed, a. Dim-sighted, blear-eyed. Diminish, v. a. Lessen, decrease, abate, reduce, contract, make smaller. Diminish, v. «. Decrease, lessen, abate, subside, contract, grow or become less, be reduced, be- come smaller. Diminution, «. Decrease, lessening, decre- ment, reduction, abatement, contraction. Diminutive, a. Little, small, dwarfish, tiny, puny, pygmy, pygmean, contracted, minute, of small size. Dim-sighted, a. Dim-eyed, blear-eyed. Din, n. Noise, uproar, racket, clamor, clangor, clashing, clash, crash, crashing, clatter, hubbub, hullabaloo, hurly-burly. Dingle, «. Dale, dell, vale, valley, glen. Dingy, a. I. Dun, dusky, brown. 2. Soiled, sullied, smirched, dimmed, dulled, faded. Dint, n. I. Stroke, blow. 2. Dent, indentation. 3. Force, power. [Only in the phrase By dint o/.\ Diccese, «. Bishopric, see, jurisdiction, charge (oj a bishop). Diocesan, «. Head of the diocese, reigning or ruling bishop. Diodon, n. Globe-fish, puffer, sea-hedgehog, por- cupine-fish, prickly globe-fish. Dionsea, n. Venus's fly-trap. Dioxide, n. Sub-oxide. Dip, V. a. I. Immer.se, plunge, douse, souse. 2. Take out {with a ladle, cup, etc.), ladle. 3. Baptize by immersion. Dip, V. n. I. Thrust a ladle {cup, etc., into a liquid). 2. Incline, tend downward. 3. Engage cursorily, enter slightly. 4. Dive, plunge, duck, pitch, immerse one's self. Diplomacy, «. I.^ Art of negotiating, negotiation, international business. 2. Artful management, tact, indirection. wSSte,}- See Diplomatist. Diplomatist, n. Negotiator, diplomat, expert in international affairs. Dipper, n. I. Plunger, ladler, etc. See verb. 2. Immersionist, dunker, tunker, tumbler. 3. Charles' Wain, Great Bear, Ursa Major, Cleaver. 4. Water-craw, water-pyet, water-crake, water- ouzel {Cinclus aquaticus). Dire, a. Dreadful, dismal, fearful, direful, shock- ing, terrible, horrid, horrible, awful, terrific, tremendous, portentous, gloomy, woful, disas- trous, calamitous, destructive, cruel, inexorable, implacable. Direct, a. I. Straight, in a right line, not crooked. 2. From father to son. DIRECT 121 DISCARD 3. Flaln, express, categorical, unambiguous, not equivocal. 4. Open, sincere, ingenuous, frank, out- spoken. 5. (Astron) In the order of the signs, ad- vancing eastward.^ Direct, v. a. I. Aim, point, cast, turn. 2. Regulate, dispose, manage, conduct, con- trol, govern, rule, guide. 3. Order, command, instruct, prescribe to, give directions to. 4. Show, point, guide, lead, put upon the right track. 5. Address, superscribe. Direction, n. I. Aim. 2. Tendency, line of motion. 3. Course, bearing, point of compass. 4. Management, oversight, superintendence, government, control, conduct. 5. Guidance, lead. 6. Order, command, prescription. 7. Address, superscription. Directly, ad. I. In a straight line, in a straight course. 2. Expressly, _ absolutely, unambiguously, openly, without circumlocution. 3. Immediately, quickly, promptly, speedily, soon, presently, forthwith, insUntly, instanter, in a short time, without delay. Director, «. I. Superintendent, manager, boss. 2. Guide, counsellor, adviser, instructor, men- tor, monitor. Direful^ a. Dreadful, fearful, horrible, terrible, shocking, horrid, terrific, awful, tremendous. See Dire. Dirge, n. Elegy, funeral song, mournful song, requiem, burial hymn, coronach. Dirt, n. Filth, foul matter. Dirty, a. I. Unclean, foul, filthy, nasty, soiled, begrimed. 2. Clouded, cloudy, dark, sullied, dull. 3. Mean, base, vile, low, grovelling, sneak- ing, pitiful, paltry, beggarly, scurvy, shabby, despicable, contemptible. 4. [Said of weather. \ Foul, rainy, sloppy, muddy, sleety, uncomfortable, disagreeable, nasty. Dirty, V. a. Foul, befoul, soil, defile, draggle, Disaluity, «. I. Disqualification. 2. Inability, incapacity, incompetence, im- potence, incapability. Dibble, V. a. I. Weaken, enfeeble, cripple, paralyze, unman, deprive of strength. 2. Disqualify, incapacitate, disenable, unfit, make incapable. Disabuse, v. a. Undeceive, set right. Disadvantage, n. I. Unfavorableness, disadvan- tageousness, inconvenience. 2. Injurv, loss, damage, detriment, disservice, prejudice, hurt, drawback, harm. Diflaavantageons, a. I. Unfavorable, ineligible, inconvenient. 2. Injurious, prejudicial, hurtful, detrimental, deleterious. Disaffect, v. a. Alienate, estrange, make unfriendly. Disaffected, a. Alienated, estranged, dissatisfied, disloyal. Disaffection, «. Alienation, estrangement, breach, disagreement, dissatisfaction, disloyalty, ill-will. Disa^ee, v. n. I. Differ, vary, diverge, be unlike. 2. Dissent, be of different opinions, diflFer in opinion. 3. Quarrel, wrangle, dispute, bicker, fall out. 4. Be unsuitable, be unnt, be unsuited. Disagreeable, a. Unpleasant, unpleasing, dis- pleasing, distasteful, offensive. Disagreement, «. I. Difference, dissimilarity, unlikeuess, dissimilitude, diversity, discrepancy, divergence, deviation. 2. Dissent, difference of opinion. 3. Discord, variance, misunderstanding, dis- sension, jarring, clashing, striie, quarrel, dispute, wrangle, bickering. Disallow, V. a. I. Prohibit, forbid, refuse per- mission to. 2. Reject, disapprove, set aside, refuse or decline to sanciion. 3. Disavow, disclaim, disown, deny. Disanntll, v. a. Nullify, cancel, rescind, quash, vacate, annul, abolish, abrogate, void, invalidate, render void, set aside, do away. Disappear, v. ». I. Vanish, recede from view, be lost to view, pass out of sight. 2. Cease, cease to appear. Disappoint, v. a. Balk, frustrate, foil, defeat, battle, disconcert, bring to nought, foil of one's expectations. Disappointment, n. I. Frustration, foiling, baffling, unfulfilment. 2. Frustration of hopes, sense of frustration, feeling of thwarted expectation. Disapprobation, n. Disapproval, censure, con- demnation, displeasure, dislike. Disapproval, n. Disapprobation, censure, con- demnation, non-approval. Disapprove, v. a, I. Condemn, censure, dishke, regard as wrong. 2. Reject, disallow, refuse or decline to sanction. Disarm, v. a. I. Deprive of arms or weapons. 2. Disable, incapacitate, render powerless, harmless, or innocuous. Disarm, v. n. Lay down arms, reduce the mili- tary establishment, dismiss or disband troops, reduce forces to a peace footing. Disamuge, v. a. Disorder, unsettle, derange, disturbj put out of order, throw into disorder, throw into confusion. Disarray, «. Confusion, disorder. Disaster, n. Mishap, misfortune, reverse, mis- chance, misadventure, adversity, calamity, catas- trophe, blow, stroke, casualty. Disastrous, a. I. Calamitous, unfortunate, un- lucky, hapless, adverse, ruinous, destructive, un- toward, unprosperous, ill-fated, ill-starred. 2. Foreboding, threatening, gloomy, dismal, portentous, portending disaster. Disavow, V. a. Disclaim, disovra, deny, dis- allow. Disband, v. a. Break up, dismiss from (military) service, disperse, send home. Disband, v. n. Separate, disperse, scatter, break up, retire from military service. Disbelief, «. I. Doubt, unbelief, non-conviction, rejection, lack of conviction. 2. Distrust, want of confidence, lack of trust. Disbelieve, v. a. Discredit, not believe, refuse to credit, hold or consider not to be true. Disbeliever, «. fWith in or qf.\ Unbeliever, doubter, questioner, denier, non-adherent, opponent Disbtirden, v. a. Disencumber, unburden, un- load, ease, rid, free, relieve, disburthen. Disburse, v. a. Spend, expend, lay out, pay out. Disbursement, «. Expenditure, paying out, lay- ing out, sp>ending. Disburthen, v. a. See Disburden. Discard, v. a. I. Reject, throw or thrust aside, throw away, cast away, lay aside, cast off. 2. Dismiss, discharge, cashier, break, cast offi turn away. DISCERN 122 DISCOURSE Discern, v. a. I. Discriminate, distinguish, note the distinctions of. 2. Perceive, see, discover, descry, behold, espy. Discern, v. n. Discriminate, judge, make dis- tinction. Discernible, a. Perceptible, discoverable, to be discerned or descried. Discerning, a. Discriminating, knowing, saga- cious, perspicacious, judicious, acute, intelligent, ingenious, clear-headed, clear-sighted, keen- sighted, quick-sighted, eagle-eyed, hawk-eyed, Argus-eyed. Discernment, «. I. Discrimination, sagacity, shrewdness, sharpness, brightness, astuteness, acuteness, cleverness, perspicacity, ingenuity, penetration, insight, judgment, intelligence, mother wit, quick parts. 2. Discerning, perception, notice, espial, dis- covery, descrying, beholding. Discharge, v. a. I. Unload, disbuj|den, un- burden, relieve of a load. 2. Emit, expel, excrete, eject, void, throw off, send out, give forth. 3. Set off, fire off, let fly, give vent to, shoot, fire. 4. Pav, liquidate, cash. 5. Release, absolve, exonerate, acquit, clear, telieve, liberate, free, set free. 6. Dismiss, discard, cashier, break, turn away, send away. 7. Remove, destroy, put away, clear from. 8. Perform, execute, fulfil, observe, acquit one's self of. 9. Remove, take out \as the cargo oj a vessel). 10. (Law.) Cancel, rescind, annul, nullify, in- validate, make void. Diacharge, «. I. Unloading, disburdening. 2. Emission, ejection, expulsion, excretion, vent, evacuation, voiding. 3. Firing, explosion, blast, burst, firing off. 4. Observance, performance, fulfilment, ex- ecution, ^ S. Payment, settlement, liquidation, satisfac- tion, clearance. 6. Release, liberation, exemption. 7. Acquittal, exoneration, absolution. Disciple, n. I. Scholar, pupil, learner. 2. Follower, adherent, supporter. Disciplinarian, «• Enforcer of discipline. Discipline, «. I. Training, drilling, drill, exer- cise, diligent practice. 2. Control, regulation, government, good order, subjection. 3. Branch of knowledge, elements of culture. 4. Punishment, chastisement, correction. 5. Rule of practice, regulations. Discipline, v. a. I. Instruct, train, breed, edu- cate, teach, drill, exercise, form, bring up. 2. Regulate, control, govern, school, bring under subjection, 3. Punish, chastise, correct. Disclaim, v. a, I. Disown, disavow, deny any knowledge of. 2. Renounce, reject, cast off. Disclaimer, n. I. Disavowal. 2. {Law.) Renunciation {of a claitn or a title), relinquishment. Disclose, V. a. I. Uncover, expose, bring to view, bring to light. 2. Reveal, divulge, show, unfold, unveil, tell, utter, betray, communicate, lay open, make known, Disclosnre, ». Revelation, exposure, discovery. Discolor, V. a. Stain, tarnish, tinge, change the color of. Discomfit, v. a. I. Defeat, overthrow, rout. overcome, overpower, conquer, vanquish, sub- due, beat, checkmate, put to flight, put down, get the upper hand of, scatter in flight. 2. Foil, disconcert, balk, frustrate one's plans, perplex. Discomfiture, n. Rout, defeat, overthrow, ruin. Discomfort, » Uneasiness, disquiet, inquietude, trouble, annoyance. Discommode, v.^ a. Disturb, annoy, molest, trou- ble, disquiet, incommode, inconvenience, put to inconvenience. Discompose, v. a. ^ I. Disorder, derange, dis- arrange, embroil, jumble, unsettle, confuse, dis- turb, throw into disorder or confusion. 2. Displease, disquiet, ruffle, agitate, harass, worry, annoy, plague, trouble, vex, fret, nettle, irritate, provoke, chafe. 3. Disconcert, perplex, bewilder, embarrass, abash, put out. Discomposure, n. I. Derangement, confusion. 2. Agitation, disquiet, uneasiness, excitement, vexation, worry, perturbation, annoyance. Disconcert, v. a. l. Frustrate, defeat, balk, baffle, upset, thwart, contravene, interrupt, undo. 2. Discompose, confuse, perplex, bewilder, embarrass, disturb, abash, put out, unbalance, throw off one's balance. Disconnect, v. a. Disjoin, separate, disengage, disunite, sever. Compare Detach. Disconnection, n. Disjunction, disassociation, disunion, separation, isolation, severance. Disconsolate, a. inconsolable, desolate, forlorn, heart-broken, broken-hearted, comfortless, cheer- less, sorrowful, melancholy, sad. Discontent, n. Dissatisfaction, uneasiness, in- quietude, restlessness, discontentment. Discontinuance, n. Cessation, intermission, sus- pension, interruption, stoppage, stop, breaking off. Discontinue, v. a. Intermit, stop, cease, inter- rupt, quit, break off, leave off, put an end to. Discontinuous, a. Interrupted, broken, intermit- tent, discrete. Discord, _». I. Disagreement, contention, strife, dissension, variance, opposition, wrangling, dif- ference, rupture, falling out- 2. Dissonance, discordance, harshness, jar- ring, want of harmony. Discordance, \n I. Dlsagreernent, inconsis- DiSCCrdancy, ) tency, incongruity, opposition, conflict, repugnance, 2. Discord, dissonance. Discordant, a. I. Disagreeing, incongruous, contradictory, contrary, opposite, repugnant, at variance. 2* Dissonant, harsh, jarring, inharmonious. Discount, n. Allowance, deduction, reduction, drawback, abatement, rebate. Discountenance, v. a. I. {Rare.) Abash, put to shame, put out of countenance. 2, Discourage,^ disfavor, check, frown upon, show disapprobation of _ Discourage, v. a. I. Dishearten, dispirit, de- press, deject. 2. Dissuade, deter, keep back. 3. Disfavor, discountenance, throw cold water upon, put a damper on, cover with a wet blanket. Discouragement, n. I. Disheartening. 2* Dissuasion, dehortation, counter influence. 3. Embarrassment, hindrance, obstacle, im- pediment, damper, wet blanket, cold water. Discourse, ». I. (Rare.) Reason, reasoning faculty, reasoning. 2. Dissertation, treatise, disquisition, homily, sermon. DISCOURSE 123 DISESTABLISHMENT 3. Conversation, talk, converse, oral commu- nication, verbal intercourse. Discourse, v. n. I. Speak, expatiate, hold forth, deliver a discourse. 2. Talk, converse, parley, confer, advise, hold a conversation, hold a parley or couiereuce, talk together. 3. Reason, make inferences, draw conclusions. Discourse, v. a. Utter, emit, give forth, pour forth. Discoorteoos, a. Uncivil, impolite, uncourtly, uncomplaisant, ungentlemanly, disrespectful, in- urbane, unmannerly, uncourteous, brusk or brusque, abrupt, rude, ill-bred, ill-mannered. Discourtesy, «. Incivility, impoliteness, rude- ness, abruptness, bruskness or brusqueness, in- urbanlty, ill-breeding. Discover, v. a. I. Reveal, communicate, tell, disclose, exhibit, show, manifest, make manifest, impart, make known, lay open, lay bare, expose to view. 2. Ascertain, detect, find out 3. Find out {orig^inally)^ be the discoverer of, be the first to find. 4. Descry, discern, espy, see, behold, get sight of, get a glimpse of. Discovery, n. I. Disclosure, revelation, making known. 2. Finding, finding out, detection, ascer- tainment. 3. First sight, first view. Discredit, n. I. Doubt, question, loss of credit or credence. 2. Disrepute, dishonor, disgrace, reproach, opprobrium, obloquy, odium, ignominy, ill repute. Discredit, v, a. I. Disbelieve, give no credit to, place no confidence in, refuse credence to, ques- tion, doubt. 2. Disgrace, dishonor, bring reproach upon, make disreputable, blow upon, destroy confidence in, bring into disfavor, make distasteful, deprive of credit. Discreditable, a. Disgraceful, disreputable. Discreet, a. Prudent, cautious, judicious, wise, circumspect, considerate, heedful, wary. Discrepance, ( n. Difference, incongruity, di's- Discrepancy, J agreement, contrariety, inconsis- tency, variance, divergence, discordance. Discrepant, a. Differing, disagreeing, incongru- ous, inconsistent, contrary, discordant, jamng, clashing, conflicting. Discrete, a. I. Separate, distinct, disjunct, discontinuous. 2. Disjunctive, discretive. Discretion, «. I. Prudence (in thing's immedi- ately be/ore tts), judgment, caution, wariness, carefulness, circumspection, considerateness, judiciousness. See Prudence. _ 2. Sound judgment, good sense, discrimina- tion, mature judgment, maturity, responsibility. 3. Will, pleasure, choice, liberty of judgment, §}^;jl||i^j„. Op.lo.al. Discretive, a. Disjunctive, discrete. Discriminate, v. a. Distinguish, mark the differ- ence between, tell one from the other. Discriminate, o «. Distinguish, make a distinc- tion, note differences, judge nicely <7r accurately, be discriminating. Discrimination, «. I. Distinction, difference. 2. Discernment, penetration, acuteness, judg- ment, sagacity, insight. Discriminative, «. Discriminating, distinguishing, characterizing, characteristic, distinctive. Discursive, a. I. Reasoning, argumentative, capable of reasoning. 2. Traversing a field of particulars, derived through particulars, passing from many to one, from manifolduess to unity. 3. Roving, wandering, rambling, desultory, taking a wide range. Discus, «. Quoit, disk. Discuss, V. a. Debate, sift, canvass, ventilate, agitate, argue, reason about, consider, deliberate (upon). Discussion, n. I. Debating, ventilation, agiution, canvassing. 2. Debate, disputation, controversy. Disdain, v. a. Despise, contemn, scout, scorn, spurn, look down upon, hold in contempt, con- sider beneath notice. Disdain, ». Scorn, contempt, contumely, haughti- ness^ superciliousness, arrogance, hauteur. Disdainful, a. Scornful, contemptuous, super- cilious, contumelious, haughty, cavalier. Disease, n. Disorder, distemper, malady, com- plaint, ail, ailment, sickness, illness, indisposition, infirmity. Diseased, a. Disordered, distempered, imsound, sickly, sick. Disembark, v. a. Land, put on shore, send ashore, debark. Disemt)ark, v. n. Land, go on shore, debark. Diseml)arrass, v. a. Disengage, extricate, release, disburden, disencumber, disenUng.e, ease, rid, free, clear, set free. Disembodied, a. Unbodied, incorporeal. Imma- terial, spiritual, bodiless, divested of the body. Disembogue, v. a. Discharge (at the mouth, as a river), empty, pour out, give vent to. Disembogue, v. n. Issue, flow out {at the mouth, as a river), discharge itself, be discharged. Disemboguement, n. Discharge, issue. Disembowel, v. a. Eviscerate, embowel, take out the bowels of. Disembroil, v. a. Disentangle, free from perplex- ity, extricate from confusion. Disenable, v. a. Disqualify, disable, unfit, inca- pacitate, make incapable. Disenchant, v- a. B'ree from enchantment, deliver from illusions, remove the spell from. Disencumber, v. a. Disburden, disengage, dis- embarrass, release, ease, rid, set free. Disengage, v. a. l. Release, extricate, liberate, clear, disentangle, disembroil, disembarrass, loose, unloose, tree, set free. 2. Separate, detach, divide, disjoin, disunite, dissociate. 3. Withdraw, wean, draw off. Disengaged, a. Unengaged, unoccupied, at leisure, not busy. Disengagement, n. I. Detachment, separation. 2. Liberation, release, extrication, disen- tanglement. 3. Leisure, freedom from business. Disennoble, v. a. Degrade, disgrace, make ig- noble, deprive of rank or dignity, strip of title. Disentsingle, v. a. I. Unravel, untwist, unfold, loosen, separate, straighten out. 2. Extricate, disengage, disembroil, liberate, clear, loose, unloose, disconnect, detach, free, set free. Disenthrall, v. a. Liberate, enfranchise, free, re- lease from bondage, rescue from slavery or op- pression. Disestablish, v. a. I. {Rare.) Abolish, over- throw, annul, discontinue, abrogate, set aside, do away. 2. Deprive of public support, strip of State authority, abolish as a State institution- Disestablishment, n. I. (Rare.) Abolition, annulment, discontinuance, abrogation, over- throw, subversion, destruction, annihilation, ex- tinction. DISESTEEM 124 DISLOCATE 2. Deprivation of public support, stripping of State authority, abolition as a ijtaie institution. Disesteem, n. and v. a. Disregard. See Dis- favor. Disfavor, n. I. Disregard, disesteem, dislike, disrespect, little or slight esteem, low regard, slight displeasure, unfavorable regard, disap- proval. 2. Unacceptableness, {state of) disapproval or low regard, disgrace, uninfluential position. 3. Unkindness, disobliging act, ill turn, dis- service, act of ill-will. Disfigure, v. a. Deform, deface, mar, injure, blemish, spoil, make ugly, make unsightly. Disfigurement, n. I. Defacement, injury, de- forming, marring, blemishing, spoiling, 2. Deformity, blemish, injury. DisfrancMse, v. a. Deprive of a franchise, deprive of chartered rights or the privileges of a citizen. Disfurnish, v. a. Unfurnish, strip, divest, dis- mantle, disgarnish. Disgamisll, v. a. See DiSFURNiSH. Disgorge, v. a. I. Vomit, spew, cast up, throw up. 2. Eject, discharge, throw out. 3. Relinquish, surrender, yield, give up, give back. Disgrace, «. I. Disfavor, disesteem, degradation. 2. Dishonor, discredit, disrepute, disesteem, shame, reproach, disparagement, ignominy, in- famy, opprobrium, obloquy, odium, scandal, blot on one's escutcheon. Disgrace, v- a. I. Put out of favor, dismiss from favor, humiliate, humble, degrade, strip of rank or honors. 2. Dishonor, discredit, degrade, debase, tar- nish, stain, sully, taint, bring shame, reproach, dishonor, or a stain upon. Disgraceful, a. Shameful, ignominious, scandal- ous, dishonorable, discreditable, disreputable, infamous, opprobrious, ignominious, that deserves reproach, odium, or obloquy. Disguise, v. a. Conceal {by dress or outward appearance), cloak, veil, shroud, muffle, mask, hide, dissemble. Disguise, «. I. Mask, cover, counterfeit dress. 2. False appearance, counterfeit show, cloak, blind, pretence, pretext. Disguised, a. I. Cloaked, masked, veiled, in disguise. 2. Intoxicated, inebriated, drunken, drunk, fuddled, tipsy, mellow, maudlin, in liquor, in one's cups, half-seas-over. Disgust, n, I. Nausea, disrelish, distaste, loath- ing. 2. Dislike, repugnance, aversion, antipathy, abomination, detestation, abhorrence, hatred. Disgust, V. a. I. Sicken, affect with nausea, turn one's stomach, go against one's stomach. 2. Displease, offend, be repellent, repulsive, repugnant, hateful, detestable, or abhorrent to. Disgusting, a. I. Nauseous, nauseating, loath- some, sickening. 2. Repulsive, loathsome, revolting, offensive, odious, hateful, foul, abominable, repugnant, abhorrent, detestable, distasteful. Dish, n. I. See Platter. 2. Viand, article of food. Dish, V. a. I, Put in a dish, put into dishes, serve. 2. {Colloq.) Do for, put kors de comSat, hzlk, upset, thwart, shelve, lay up, render helpless. Dishabille, «. D^shabill^, undress, loose dress. Dishearten, v. a. Dispirit, discourage, deject, depress. Dished, a. {Colloq.) I. Ruined, spoiled. 2. Frustrated, balked, foiled, baffled, upset, disconcerted, disappointed. Dishevelled, a. Disordered {as the hair), un- trimmed, hanging loose or negligently, at loosa ends. Dishing, a. Concave, dish-like. Dish-like, a. Dishing, concave, shaped like a dish. Dishonest, a. I. Faithless, knavish, false, unfair, disingenuous, fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous, slippery, unscrupulous, perfidious, false-hearted, without probity, destitute of integrity. 2. [Said of 'women.\ Unchaste, unvirtuous, wanton, lewd, unfaithful i,to marriage vows). Dishonest^, «• I. Improbity, faithlessness, knavery, treachery, falsehood, deceitfulness, per- fidiousness, fraud, fraudulency, fraudulence, trickery. 2. [Said of women.'] Unchastity, unfaithful- ness, infidelity, frailty, wantonness, lewdness. Dishonor, n. Disgrace, discredit, disrepute, re- proach, degradation, shame, ignominy, obloquy, infamy, opprobrium, odium, scandal, abasement. Dishonor, v. a. I. Disgrace, discredit, degrade, abase, bring shame or reproach upon, stain the character of. 2. Debauch, deflour, corrupt. 3. Refuse to accept or to pay {as a draft). Dishonorable, a. I. Disreputable, discreditable, disgraceful, shameful, scandalous, infamous, ignominious. 2. Base, devoid of honor, shameless, false, false-hearted. Dish-washer, «. Goosander, wagtail, dun-diver (Mergus mergatiser or Mergus castor). Disinclination, n. Indisposition, reluctance, re- pugnance, aversion, unwillingness. Disincline, v. a. Make averse or reluctant or un- willing, indispose. Disinclined, a. Unwilling, indisposed, reluctant, averse. Disinfect, v. a. Deodorize, fumigate, purify, cleanse or free from infection. Disingenuous, a. Insincere, uncandid, double- minded, hollow, dishonest. Disintegrate, v. a. Crumble, reduce to fragments, break to pieces. Disinter, v. a. Exhume, unbury, disentomb, dis- inhume, dig up. Disinterested, a. I. Unbiassed, impartial, fair, candid. 2. Generous, unselfish, liberal, magnanimous, high-minded. Disinthrall, v. a. See Disenthrall. Disjoin, v. a. Disunite, separate, divide, part, sunder, sever, dissever, detach, dissociate. Disjoint, v. a. I. Dislocate, luxate, put out of joint. 2. Unloose, disconnect, disjoin, separate al the joints or original divisions. 3. Break up, disarrange, derange, throw into confusion. Disjointed, a. Disconnected, loose, incoherent, desultory. Disjunction, n. Separation, disconnection, disas- sociation, disunion, isolation, severance, parting. Disjunctive, a Disjoining, discretive, alternative. Disk, «. [Written also Disc] I. Quoit, discus. 2. Face {of the sun, moon, etc.). 3. Circular plate, flat circular surface. Dislike, «. Disinclination, aversion, distaste, dis- relish, antipathy, repugnance, displeasure, disgust. Dislike, v. a. Disrelish, have an aversion to, be disinclined or averse or reluctant, disapprove, hold in disfavor. Dislimb, V. a. Dismember, mutilate. Dislocate, v. a. I. Displace, disarrange, disturb^ put out of place or out of order. 2. Disjoint, luxate, put out of joint. DISLOCATION 125 DISPERSE BialOCatioilt **• I.* Derangement, displacement. 2. Luxation, disjointing. Dislodge, V. a. I, Expel, oust, eject, drive out, drive away. 2. Remove, force out, push out, get out. Disloyal, a. Unfaithful, undutiful, disaffected, faithless, false, treacherous, perfidious, untrue, false to one's allejajiance. Disloyalty, n. Unfaithfulness, undutifulness, faithlessness, treachery, perfidy, want of loyalty, lack of fidelity, dereliction of allegiance. Dismalt a. I. Cheerless, gloomy, dark, dull, dreary, lonesome. 2. Melancholy, mournful, sad, doleful, dolor- ous, sombre, lugubrious, funereal. 3. Horrid, horrible, terrible, dire, frightful. Dismals, «. //. [With Tfu prefixed.] Melan- choly, low spirits, the blues, the vapors, depres- sion, depression of spirits, low state, etinui. Dismantle, v. a. Unrig, strip of covering, de- prive of apparatus, furniture, rigging, equip- ments, armament, or defences. Dismay* v. a. Terrify, frighten, appall, affright, scare, alarm, intimidate, paralyze with fear, daunt. Dismay, n. Terror, fright, affright, fear, alarm, horror, consternation. Dismember, v. a. I. Mutilate, dislimb, disjoint. 2. Divide, separate, sever, pull apart, break up, dilacerate, rend asunder. Dismiss, V. a. I. Send away, give leave to go, permit to go. 2. Discharge, discard, cashier, turn off, turn out, remove from office, turn adrift, send pack- ing, send about one's business. Dismissal, n. See Dismission. Dismission, n. I. Permission to go, leave to depart, release, discharge, dismissal, liberation, manumission. 2. Discharge, removal from office, dismissal. Dismount, v. a. I. Unhorse. 2. {Said of cannon.'] Displace, throw out of position, knock from their carriages. 3. \_Said of artUlery.\ Take from the wheels, remove from the carriages. Dismotmt, v. n. Alight {from a horse), descend, get down. Disobedience, «. I. Infraction or violation (of a command), refusal to obey, breach of duty, disobeying. 2. Undutifulness, neglect of duty, unruliness, frowardness, indiscipline, contumacy. Disobedient, a. Unsubmissive, uncomplying, re- fractory, obstinate, undutiful, unruly, iroward. Disobey, v. a. I. Refuse to obey, break the command of, refuse submission to, disregard the commands of. 2. Transgress, violate, infringe, disregard, set at nought or defiance, go counter to. Disoblige, v. a. Displease, offend. Disobliging, a. Unaccommodating, unkind, un- amiable, unfriendly, ill-natured. Disorder, «. I. Confusion, derangement, dis- arrangement, disarray, disorganization, irregu- larity, jumble, want of order. 2. Tumult, disturbance, commotion, riot. 3. Turbulence, tumultuousness, riotousness. 4. Distemper, complaint, malady, sickness, disease, ail, ailment, indisposition. Disorder, v. a. I. Derange, disarrange, disturb, discompose, confuse, unsettle, disorganize, up- set, throw into confusion, turn topsy-turvy, put out of place. 2. Impair the functions of, produce disease in. Disorderly, a. I. Immethodical, irregular, con- fused, out of order, in bad order. 2. Lawless, rebellious, turbulent, unruly, tu- multuous, riotous. Disorganization, n. I. Disorganizing, derang- ing, etc. See the verb. 2. Disorder, derangement, confusion. 3. Destruction, dissolution. Disorganize, v. a. I. Disorder, derange, dis- arrange, upset, confuse, unsettle, disturb, dis- compose, put out of order, throw into disorder. 2. Destroy, break up. Disown, V. a. I. Disclaim, disavow, repudiate, renounce, reject, cast off, refuse to acknowledge. 2. Deny, disallow, refuse to admit. Disparage, v. a. I. Depreciate, decry, belittle, undervalue, underrate, underestimate, run down, detract from, derogate from. 2. Asperse, reproach, traduce, defame, vilify, reflect upon, inveigh against, speak ill of. Disparagement, n. I. Depreciation, derogation, detraction, undervaluing, underrating. 2. Lessening, diminution, detraction, deroga- tion, impairment, injury, worsening, prejudice, barm. 3. Reproach, aspersion, defamation, calumny, vilification. 4. Reproach, indignity, dishonor, disgrace, dispraise. Disparity, ». I. Inequality, difference, dispro- portion. 2. Dissimilitude, unlikeness. Dispftrt, V. a. Sunder, disunite, separate, divide, sever, dissever, burst, rend, rive, cleave, split, break asunder. Dispart, v. «. Separate, part. Dispassion, n. I. Calmness, calm, dispassionate- ness, collectedness, fireedom from agitation, un- ruffled state. 2. Apathy, insensibility, impassibility, cold- ness, dulness, torpor, indifference, unconcern, want of feeling. Dispassionate, a. I. Unimpassioned, imperturb- able, inexcitable, unexcited, composed, collected, temperate, undisturbed, unruffled, quiet, calm, cool, staid, serene, sober. 2. Impartial, unbiassed, fair, candid, disin- terested. Dispatch, «. and v. a. See Despatch, Dispel, V. a. Disperse {completely), scatter, dissi- pate, banish, drive away. Dispensable, a. I. Distributable, apportionable. 2. To be spared or dispensed with, unneces- sary, needless, superfluous, removable. Dispensation, «. I. Dispensing, distributing, distribution, apportioning, apportionment, allot- ment. 2. Administration, stewardship. 3. Scheme, plan, system, economy. 4. Exemption (from some law), license. Dispensatory, «. Pharmacopoeia. Dispense, v. a. I. Distribute, apportion, allot, deal out. 2. Administer, apply, execute, carry out. 3. Exempt, release, relieve, excuse. Dispenser, «. Distributer, divider. Dispense with. I. Do without. 2. Disregard, neglect, set aside, suspend the use of. omit. 3. (Rare.) Excuse, exonerate, exempt, release. Dispeople, v. a. Depopulate, unpeople. Disperse, v. a. I. Scatter, separate, dissipate, dispel, drive to different parts, scatter to the winds. 2. Diffuse, disseminate, spread, scatter abroad, sow broadcast. Disperse, z/.n. I. Scatter, separate, be scattered, go different ways. DISPERSION 126 DISREPUTABLE 2. Break up or away, vanish, disappear, be dispelled, be dissipated. Dispersion, n. Scattering. Dispirit, v. a. Dishearten, depress, deject, discourage. Dispirited, a. Dejected, disheartened, depressed, discouraged, down-hearted, downcast, despond- ent, cast down, crestfallen, chapfallen, down in the mouth. Displace, v. a. I. Move, dislocate, put out of place, change the place of, 2. Remove, dislodge, take out or away. 3. Depose, oust, dismiss, discharge, cashier, remove, eject from office. Display, v. a. I. Expand, unfold, extend, open, spread. 2. Exhibit, show, bring into view, hold up to view, make manifest. 3. Parade, show off. Display, «. I. Exhibition, manifestation, show, 2. Parade, pomp, pageant, ostentation, flourish. Displease, v. iBrepnte, n. Discredit, dishonor, disgrace, degradation, derogation, abasement, odium, ill repute. Disrespect,/*. I. Disesteem, irreverence, slight, neglect, disregard. 2. Incivility, discourtesy, rudeness. Disrespectful, a. I. Irreverent, slighting. 2. Uncivil, impolite, discourteous, uncourte- ous, rude. Disrobe, v. a. Divest, strip, undress, uncover, unclothe. Disruption, n. Breach, rent, rupture, burst, breaking or tearing asunder. Dissatisfactioil, «. I. Discontent, uneasiness, inquietude. See Disquiet. 2. Displeasure, dislike, disapprobation, dis- approval. Dissatisfied^ a. Discontented, uneasy, dis- pleased. Dissect, V. a. I. Anatomize, cut in pieces. 2. Analyze, scrutinize, sift, examine, investi- gate, explore, lay open. Dissection, n. I. Anatomy. 2. Scrutiny, analysis, examination, investi- gation, sifting. Disseize, v. a. Dispossess, oust {wrong/ully). Dissemble, v. a. Conceal, hide, disguise, cloak, cover. Dissemble, v. n. Conceal one's real purposes, disguise the feelings or character. Dissembler, «. Disgulser of one's feelings, mo- tives, or character (/w the case may be). Disseminate^ v. a. Spread, propagate, diffuse, disperse, circulate, promulgate, spread abroad. Dissemination, n. Diffusion, dispersion, propaga- tion, scattering, spreading, promulgation. Dissension, «. Discord, contention, strife, vari- ance, disa^eement, difference, quarrel, breach of friendship. Dissent, v. n. I. Withhold assent, refuse or decline to agree, disagree (m an opinion). 2, Refuse to conform {io the Church of England), be a non-conformist. Dissent, «. I. Disagreement, difference of opinion. 2. Non-conformity, refusal to conform {fo the Church of England). Dissenter, «. Non-conformist, sectary, dissident. Dissent from. Diifer from or with, disagree with or to, withhold assent to. Dissentient, a. Disagreeing, dissenting. Dissepiment, «. {Bot.) Partition. Dissertation, «. Disquisition, treatise, discourse, essay. Disservice, ». Injury, harm, mischief, hurt, dis- advantage, disfavor, ill-turn. Dissever, v. a. Disjoin, disunite, separate, part, sunder, dispart, divide, rend, sever, dissociate, disconnect. Dissidence, «. Dissent, disagreement, non-con- formity, sectarianism, principles of non-conform- ance. Dissident, «. Dissenter, non-conformist, sectary. Dissimilar, a. Unlike^ diflferent, heterogeneous, diverse, divergent, various. Dissimilarity, «. Unlikeness, dissimilitude, di- versity, disparity, variation, divergence. Dissimilitude, «. See Dissimilarity. Dissimulation, n. Concealment, dissembling, deceit, duplicity, double-dealing, false pretence. Dissipate, v. a. I. Disperse, dispel, scatter, drive away. 2. Waste, squander, lavish, consume, spend lavishly, throw away. Dissipate, v. n. I. Vanish, disappear, scatter, disperse. 2. Live dissolutely, be dissolute, practise de- bauchery, indulge in dissipation. 3. Live idly and luxuriously, enervate one's self, be an idler and spendthrift. Dissipation^ n. I. Dispersion, scattering, van- ishing. 2. Waste, squandering, lavish expenditure. 3. Dissoluteness, profligacy, excess, debauch- ery, loose living. Dissociate^ v. a. Disjoin, disunite, separate, sever, dissever, divide, part, sunder, detach, disconnect. Dissociation, n. ^ Disunion, separation, severance, severing, dividing, disjoining, dissevering, part- ing, sundering, detachment, disconnection. Dissoluble, a, I. Dissolvable, capable of lique- faction. 2. Separable, capable of being sundered or disunited, temporary. Dissolute, a. Loose, licentious, lax, debauched, wanton, lewd, corrupt, profligate, rakish, de- K raved, dissipated, reprobate, abandoned, grace- !ss, shameless, wild. Dissolution, ». I. Liquefaction, melting, solution. 2. Decomposition, putrefaction. 3. Death, disease, extinction of life. 4. Destruction, overthrow, ruin. 5. Termination, breaking up. Dissolvable, a. Dissoluble, capable of liquefac- tion. Dissolve, v.a. I. Liquefy, melt. 2. Disunite, sever, separate, divide, loose, disorganize, break apart. 3. Destroy, ruin. 4. Terminate, bring to an end, put an end to, break up. Dissolve, v.n. I. Melt, liquefy, be melted. 2. Vanish, disappear, fade, melt away, be dissipated. 3. Perish, crumble^ be destroyed. Dissonance^ n. I. Discord, discordance, harsh- ness, jarnng, want of harmony. 2. Disagreement, inconsistency, incongruity, discrepancy. Dissonant, a. I, Discordant, unharmonious, harsh, grating, jarring, out of tune. 2. Disagreeing, incongruous, inconsistent, discrepant Dissuade, v. n. I. Urge or exhort against, at- tempt to divert, urge not to. 2, Turn from a purpose, divert by persuasion, render averse, persuade not to. Dissuasion, n. Dehortation, dissuasive, dissuasive advice. Dissuasive, «. See Dissuasion. Dissuasive, a. Dissuading, dehortatory, tending to dissuade. Dissyllable, «. Word of two syllables. Distain, v. a. {Poetical.) Stain, Distance. ». I. Remoteness. 2. Degree of remoteness or removal 3. Remote region, distant quarter. 4. Interval, space, space intervening. 5. Reserve, coldness, stiffness, disunt behav- ior, frigidity. Distance, v. a. Outdo, surpass, excel, outstrip, leave behind. Distant, a. I. Remote, far. 2. Reserved, fri^d, cold, cool, stiff, uncordial. 3, Slight, faint, indirect, indistinct, obscure. Distaste, n. I. Disrelish, disgust. 2. Aversion, dislike, repugnance, displeasure, dissatisfaction. Distasteful, a. I. Nauseous, nauseating, unpal- atable, unsavory, loathsome, disgusting. 2. Disagreeable, offensive, unpleasant, un- plcasing, repugnant, repulsive. DISTEMPER 128 DIVE Distemper^ »• I. Disease, malady, complaint, disorder, ail, ailment, illness, indisposition, sickness. 2. Tempera, size-mixed color. 3. Destemper, painting with size-mixed pig- ments. Distempered, a. I. Diseased, disordered, out of order. 2. Immoderate, intemperate, inordinate, un- regulated. Distend, v. a. Expand, dilate, bloat, enlarge, swell, stretch, swell out. Distension, I «. Dilation, dilatation, enlargement, Distention, ) swelling, expansion, stretching. Distich, n. Couplet, couple of verses. Distil, z*. ;z. [Written also i^M^i//.] Drop, drip, trickle, dribble, fall in drops. Distil, V. a. [Written also Distill.] I. Drop, let fall in drops. 2. Separate by evaporation, extract by heat. 3. Extract spirit from. Distinct, a. I. Separate, different. 2. Definite, defined, clear, plain, unmistak- able, unconfused, well-defined. Distinction, n. I. Discrimination, notice of dif- ference, distinguishing, 2. Difference, point of difference, character- istic difference. 3. Repute, reputation, celebrity, note, name, fame, renown, account, credit, respectability, eminence, superiority. Distinctive, a. Distinguishing, discriminative, characteristic Distinctness, «. I. Difference, separateness. 2, Clearness, precision, perspicuity, explicit- ness, lucidness, lucidity. Distingnish, v. a. I. Characterize, mark, indi- cate by a mark, mark out. 2. Discriminate, discern, perceive, tell, know. 3. Separate, divide. 4. Signalize, make famous, make celebrated, make known, bring into notice. Distingnisll, v, n. Make distinction, show the difference. Distinguishatle, a. I. Separable, divisible. 2. To be distinguished, to be recognized as distinct. Distingnished, a. I. Illustrious, famous, noted, eminent, celebrated. 2. Conspicuous, marked, extraordinary, su- preme, transcendent, consummate. Distort, V. a. I. Twist, deform, wrest 2. Pervert, misrepresent, falsify, wrest, strain the sense of. Distortion, n. I. Twist, wryness, deformity. 2. Perversion, misrepresentation, falsification, wresting. Distract, v. a. I. Divert, draw away, turn aside. 2. Perplex, confuse, discompose, harass, dis- turb, disconcert, bewilder, confound, mystify, embarrass. 3. Craze, derange, drive frantic, drive beside one's self. Distracted, a. Deranged, insane, mad, frantic, furious, raving, wild, crazed, beside one's self. Distraction, «. I. Confusion, perj^lexity, embar- rassment, bewilderment, abstraction, mystifica- tion. 2, Disturbance, discord, tumult, disorder, division, perturbation, commotion, turmoil, agi- tation. 3. Derangement, madness, raving, frenzy, in- sanity, alienation, aberration, incoherence, wan- dering, delirium, mania, lunacy, hallucination, loss of the senses, disordered intellect or faculties, loss of reason. Distrain, v. a. {Law.) Seize {/or debt), take, attach, distress. Distress, «. I. Affliction, calamity, disaster, misery, misfortune, adversity, hardship, trial, trouble, perplexity. 2. Anguish, agony, suffering, sorrow, grief. 3. Pain, anguish, agony, torture, gripe, grip- ing. 4. Privation, destitution, poverty, indigence, want, straits. Distiress, v. a. I. Afflict, perplex, pain, trouble, grieve, make unhappy, make miserable. 2. {Law.) Take, seize, distrain. Distribute, v. a. I. Apportion, assign, allot, dispense, mete, divide, share, dole (out), parcel out, deal out, portion out. 2. Classify, class, arrange, assort, dispose. Distribution, n. I. Apportionment, allotment, assignment, dole, partition, division, dispensation, dispensing. 2. Arrangement, classification, disposal, dis- position, grouping. District, «. Region, tract, territory, circuit, prov- ince, quarter. Distrust, V. a. Doubt, suspect, lack confidence in, mistrust, disbelieve in. Distrust, n. Suspicion, misgiving, doubt, mistrust, want of confidence. Distrustful, a. I. Suspicious, doubting, dubious {about), apt to distrust. 2. [With of.] Diffident, not confident. Disturb, v. a. I. Agitate, shake, stir. 2. Disarrange, derange, disorder, confuse, un- settle, throw into confusion, put into disorder. 3. Molest, annoy, disquiet, vex, ruffle, worry, plague, trouble, incommode. 4. Interrupt, impede, hinder. Disturbance, «. I. Agitation, derangement, commotion, disorder, confusion, perturbation. 2. Perturbation, excitement, discomposure, annoyance, agitation. 3. Interruption, hindrance, molestation. 4. Tumult, excitement, disorder, riot, hnevte, rising, uproar. Disunion, n. I.^ Separation, disjunction, sever- ance, disconnection. 2. Schism, breach, rupture, feud. Disunite, z'. a. I, Disjoin, dissociate, separate, sever, dissever, part, divide, detach, sunder. 2. Set at variance, alienate., put discord be- tween, estrange. Disunite, v. n- Part, separate, fall asunder, be separated. Disuse, n. I. Failure to use, non-employment, ceasing to use, abandonment. 2. Desuetude, discontinuance, neglect, non- observance, disusage. Ditch, n. Trench. Ditty, «• Song, lay. Diurnal, a. Dally, quotidian. Diutumal, e8t. Do all one can, do the best one is capable of, leave no stone unturned. Door, n. I. Entrance. 2. Passage, avenue, way, means, means of access, means of approach. 3. [Familiarly^] House, home. Doorkeeper, «. Porter, concierge. Dor, n. [Written also Dorr.] I. Cockchafer, dor-bug, tree-beetle, dumbledor, dummador, May-bug {Melolontha vulgaris). 2. Black-beetle, dor-beetle, dor-fly, buzzard- clock {Geotrupes siercorarius). Doree, «. {Ich.) John-dory, common dory {Zeus faber). DORMANT 131 DOXY Dormant, a. I. Sleeping, quiescent, at rest. 2. Latent, unexerted, suspended, inert, in- active, in abeyance. Dormant partner. Sleeping partner, silent partner. Dormer, n. [Written also Dormar.^ Luthem, dormer-window. Dormer-window, «. Dormer, luthem. Dormitory, «. I. Chamber, bedroom, sleeping room, place to sleep in. 2. Building containing sleeping apartments. Dorsal, a. On the back. Dory, «. {Ich.) See Doreh. Dose, ft. I. Prescribed portion (of medicine), drench, draught. 2. Disagreeable lot or fete or portion, bitter pill. 3. Sufficient quantity, quantity, portion, quantum. Doise, V. a. Administer a dose to, give doses to. Dot, n. Point, period. Dot, V. a. I. Mark with dots. 2. Variegate, diversify. Dotage, n. Imbecility, senility, second childhood. Dotard, n. Driveller, imbecile, doting old man. Dote, V. n, I. Drivel, be imbecile, be foolish, be in one's dotage or second childhood. 2. Be over-fond, be foolishly fond. Dote on or upon. Love very fondly, love exces- sively, be foolishly fond of. Do the honors. Bestow honor (as on a guest), show civilities. Double, a. I. Coupled, b pairs. 2. Twice as much. 3. Twofold. 4. Deceitful, dishonest, knavish, false, perfid- ious, hollow, insincere, double-minded, double- faced, double-tongued, full of duplicity. Double, ad. Twice, doubly, twofold. Double, V. a. I. Fold, plait. 2. Duplicate, multiply by two, make twice as much. 3. (Naut.) Sail round. Double, V. n. I. Increase twofold, be doubled. 2. Return upon the same track. Double, n. I. Twice as much. 2. Doubling, plait, fold. 3. Returning upon one's track [to elude pursuit). 4. Trick, stratagem, ruse, shift, artifice, wile, manoeuvre. 5. Counterpart. Double-dealer, «. Deceiver, cheat, trickster, tricker. Double-dealin?, n. Deceit, duplicity, dissimula- tion, artifice, deception, fraud, dishonesty, trick- ery, Machiavelism. Double-entendre, «. [English coinage for French double entente.] I. Pun, iquivoque, quirk, quibble, calembour, play upon words, parono- masia. 2. Indelicate pun, smutty tquivoque. Double-faced, a. Hypocritical, deceitful, knav- ish, dishonest, false, perfidious, double. Double-headed, a. Bicipital, with two heads. Double-hearted, a. Deceitful, treacherous, false- hearted, perfidious, false. Double-minded, a. Unsettled, undetermined, un- decided, changeable, fickle, vacillating, wavering. Doublet, n. I. Body-garment, jacket, jerkin. 2. One of a pair. Doublets, «. pi. Pair, couple, two, twins. Double upon. {Mil.) Enclose between two fires. Doublin?, «. I. Fold, plait. 2. Artifice, trick, shift, stratagem. Doubly, ad. Twice, double. Doubt, V. n. I. Hesitate, waver, be doubtful, be in suspense, withhold judgment, be undeter- mined, entertain doubts, be in a state of uncer- tainty, not know what to think. 2. {Rare.) Suspect, fancv, apprehend. Doubt, V. a. I. Question, hesitate to believe, consider questionable, have doubts about. 2. Distrust, suspect, not confide in. Doubt, «. I. Indecision, hesitation, hesitancy, irresolution, uncertainty, suspense, misgiving. 2. Suspicion, distrust, mistrust. Doubtful, a. I.^ Wavering, undecided, hesitating, undetermined, in suspense. 2. Ambiguous, dubious, equivocal, obscure, enigmatical! problematicah 3. Indeterminate, undecided, uncertain, ques- tionable. Douceur, n. [Fr.] I. Gentleness, mildness, kindness, pleasant manner. 2. Present or gift {especially one intended as a bribe), bribe, lure. Doughface, n. iU'S.'\ Pliable politician, nose of wax, Doughfaced, a. \U. S.\ Pliable, weak, pusil- lanimous, easily influenced, without any back- bone. Doughty, a. [Now usually ironical."] Brave, courageous, bold, feariess, dauntless, valiant, valorous, gallant, intrepid, adventurous, chival- rous, heroic Doura, n. I. {Bot.) Heart-wood, duramen. 2. Indian millet, Guinea corn, negro-corn, durra, dhurra or dora (Sorghum vulgare). Douse, V. a. I. Plunge, immerse, submerge, dip, souse, put under water (or other liquid). 2. {Naut.) Strike or lower quickly or in haste, slacken suddenly. Dove-cot, «. [Written also Dove-cote.] Colum- bary, pigeon- house. Dowdy, a. [Said of women.] Slovenly {in dress), slatternly, lU-dressed, vulgar-looking, awkward. Dowdy, «. Slattern, trollop, ill-dressed or vulgar- looking woman. Dowel, n. Pin, tenon, peg, pinion. Dower, n. I. Endowment, gift. 2. Dowry. 3. {Law.) V/idow's portion (of real estate). Do without. Dispense with. Down, prep. I. From the top to the bottom of. 2. Along the course of. Down, ad.^ I, Downward, in a descending course, from a high to a low position. 2. On the ground, the floor, etc., prostrate. 3. From a thin to a dense state, into a denser consistence. 4. Below the horizon. 5. Into disrepute, into disgrace, into disfevor or disuse. 6. Low, humbled, in distress, in adversity. Downcast, a. Sad, dejected, dispirited, disheart- ened, despondent, discouraged, depressed, cast down, down-hearted, crestfallen, chapfallen. Downfall, «. Ruin, destruction, fall. Down-hearted, a. Dejected- See Downcast. Downright, a. I. Plain, simple, sheer, explicit, clear, undisguised, unequivocal, positive, abso- lute, categorical. 2. Honest, sincere, artless, ingenuous, frank, open, above-board, direct, straightforward, un- ceremonious, blunt. Downwards, } '^^ ^^o^' »" a descending course. Down with. [Imperatively.] I. Raze, over- turn, take down, throw down. 2. Put down, lay down. Dowry, «. Dower. D02y, n. I. Mistress, paramour. DOZE 132 DREDGE-BOX 2. Prostitute, strumpet, harlot, whore, drab, street-walker, Cyprian, night-walker, punk, woman of the town. See Courtesan. Doze, V. n. Slumber, drowse, nap, sleep lightly, be half asleep, be drowsy. Doze, n. Light sleep, drowse, nap, light slumber. Doze away. Pass drowsily, spend in drowsiness, sleep through, doze out. Dozen, a. Twelve. Doze out. See Doze away. Dozy, a. Sleepy, drowsy, heavyj sluggish. Drab, n. I. Strumpet, prostitute, trull. See Courtesan. 2. Slut, draggle-tail, trollop, slattern, dowdy, slovenly woman. 3. Brownish-yellow cloth, dull-brown woollen stuff, dun-colored cloth. 4. Dun, dull brown, brownish-yellow, dun- color. Dral), a. Dun, dull brown, brownish-yellow. Drabble, v. a. \_Archaic and f^rovincial.\ Drag- gle, trail, daggle, befoul, bemire. Dx^ff, n. Refuse, lees, dregs, sediment, scum, rubbish, stuff, waste or worthless matter. Draft, n. I. Drawing, selection. 2. Bill of exchange. 3. [Written also Draught.^ Outline, delinea- tion, rough sketch, rough copy. Draft, V. a. I. Detach, select. 2. Make an outline of, make a draft of, make a rough sketch of. Drag, V. a. Draw, pull, haul, tug, draw heavily and slowly. Drag, V. n. I. Trail, be drawn along. 2. Linger, move slowly, make slow progress. Draggle, v. a. Trail, daggle, befoul, bemire, drabble. Draggle-tail, «. Slut, drab, sloven, slattern, dowdy, slovenly woman. Dragoman, «. Interpreter (m Turkey and the East)^ drogman. Dragoon, n. Horse-soldier, cavalier, equestrian, mounted soldier, chasseur. Dragoon, v. a. Compel, force, drive, persecute, harass, harry. Drain, v. a. I. Draw off. 2. Empty, exhaust. 3. Make dry, clear of water or moisture. Drain, v. «. i. Flow off. 2. Become dry. Drain, «. Sewer, channel, trench, ditch, water- course. Drake, «. Male duck. Drama, n. I. Dramatic composition, play, theat- rical piece, spectacle. 2. Dramatic literature. 3. Historic or cosmical pageant {series of events invested with dramatic unity). 4. The stage, dramatic representation, his- trionic art. Dramatis personae. [L.] Characters (of the play), interlocutors (in the drama), personages of the drama. Drape, v. a. Cover with drapery. Drapery, n. I. Hangings, tapestry. 2. Clothing, hanging garments {especially in statuary and painting). Drastic, a. Powerful, active, efficacious. Drastics, «. pi. {Med.) Powerful or active pur- gatives. Draught, «. I. Drawing, pulling. 2. Potion, drink, cup, dose, drench. 3. Current of air. 4. [Written also Draft.^ Sketch, outline, delineation, design, rough sketch, rough copy. 5. Water drawn, floating depth {of a vessel). Draughts, n.pl. Checkers. Draw, V, a. I. Pull, drag, haul, tug, pull along. 2. Attract, bring toward, pull toward. 3. Suck, drain, suck dry. 4. Inhale, inspire, breathe in, take into the lungs. 5. Extract, take out, draw out. 6. Induce, move, lead, allure, entice, engage, persuade, influence. 7. Produce, bring, bear. 8. Extend, protract, stretch, lengthen out. 9. Delineate, sketch, depict, trace, trace out, describe {as a line). 10. Deduce, derive, infer. 11. Extort, force out. 12. Compose, write, prepare, draw up. 13. Gain, win. Draw, V. n. I. Pull. 2. Move, come, go, proceed. 3. Sketch, practise drawing or the art of delineation. 4. Produce inflammation, vesicate, blister. 5. Request payment by draft, make a draft. Draw back. Retire, withdraw, retreat. Drawback; ». I. Disadvantage, detriment, fault, imperfection, deficiency, defect. 2. Discount, deduction, reduction, rebate, abatement, allowance. Drawcansir, n. Blusterer, bully, swaggerer, brag- gart, braggadocio, Bombastes Furioso. Drawing, «. I. Pulling, attracting, draining, in- haling, etc. See Draw. 2. Art of delineation, 3. Delineation, sketch, picture, plan, outline, draught. Drawing-knife, «. Shave. Draw in one's horns. {Collog.) Repress one's ardor, restrain one's pride, cease boasting, pull in one's horns. Draw near. \ a„„,^,^i, ^^„„ „»„ Draw nigh. J Approach, come near. Draw on. Approach, advance. Draw up. I. Raise, lift, elevate, pull up, haul up. 2. Compose, write, prepare, frame, draw. 3. Array, marshal, form in order, set in line, set in order of battle. 4. Come to a halt or stop, halt, stop. Dread, ». I. Fear, apprehension, terror. 2. Awe, veneration. Dread, a. I. Frightful, terrible, horrible, dreadful. 2. Venerable, awful. Dread, v. a. Fear greatly. Dreadful, a. I. Terrible, horrible, horrid, dire- ful, dire, fearful, frightful, terrific, awful, tre- mendous, formidable. 2. Venerable, awful. Dream, «. I. Sleeping vision. 2. Revery, fancy, fantasy, conceit, illusion, delusion, vagary, idle fancy, day-dream, castle in the air, chateau en Espagne. Dream, v. n. I. Have visions in sleep. 2. Think, imagine, fancy, have a notion. 3. Give a loose rein to the fancy,_ give the reins to the imagination, indulge in revery, build castles in the air. Dream away. Spend idly, pass in revery. Dreamer, «. Visionary, enthusiast, castle-builder. Dreamland, «• Fairyland, land of dreams, realms of fairy, realm of fancy and imagination, region of revery, cloudland. Drear, a. Gloomy. See Dreary, i. Dreary, a. I. Gloomy, dismal, dark, drear, lonely, solitary, lonesome, cheerless, comfortless, chilling, depressing. 2. Monotonous, dull, tiresome, uninteresting, Dredge-bOZ, «. Dredging-box, flour-dredge. DREGGY 133 DROOP Dreggy, a. Muddy, turpid, dirty, feculent, foul. Dregs, n. pi. I. Sedimeut, lees, grouuds, dra£[^ feculence. 2. Dross, scum, refuse, draflF. Drenchf v, a. I. Saturate, soak, steep, imbrue, wet thoroughly, wet through, wet through and through. 2. Physic, purge.^ DrencMng, n. Soaking, wetting, ducking. Dress, v. a. I, Align, make straight. 2. Adjust, arrange, dispose, set or put in order. 3. Prepare, fit, make suitable or fit, get ready, make ready. * 4. Clothe, array, attire, apparel, accoutre, robe, rig, trick out. 5. Adorn, deck, decorate, embellish, trim, set out, set otf. Dress, v. n. Get or put on one's clothes, make one's toilet, attire one's self. Dress, n, I. Clothes, clothing, raiment, garments, garb, guise, habit, apparel, attire, habiliment, vesture, suit, costume. 2. Array, fine clothes, rich garments, elegant attire. 3. (Lady's) gown. Dress-coat, «. Body-coat, swallow-tailed coat Dressing, «. I. Preparing, putting in order. 2. Manure, fertilizer, compost 3. Force-meat, stuffing. Dressy, a. iCoUog.) Showy, flashy, gaudy, fond of dress. Drit), V. a. I. Crop, lop, cut oS, lop off {liU!e by lUtle). 2. Purloin, appropriate in driblets, cabbage, crib. 3. Entice, allure, decoy, coax, wheedle. Dribble, v. n. Drip, trickle, fall in drops. Driblet, n. Fragment, small portion. Drier, n, Desiccative. Drift, n. I. Course, bearing, direction. 2. Aim, purpose, intention, intent, proposal, design, scope, tendency, object, mark. ^ 3. (Geol.) Diluvium, diluvial formations. 4. (Mining:) Passage {under ground^ be- tween sfki/ts). 5. Sweep, rush, current, sweeping pressure, driving impulse. 6. Heap, heaped pile, driven mass, drifted pile. Drift, V. a. Drive into heaps. Drift, V. n. I. Float, be wafted, be borne or carried by the current or aimlessly. 2. Accumulate in heaps, be driven into heaps. Driftless, a. Aimless, purposeless, without an object. Drill, n. I. Borer, boring-tool. 2. Military training, exercise in tactics. 3. Training, discipline. 4. Furrow, channel, trench {/or planting). 5. Planting-machine. Drill, V. a. I. Pierce, perforate, bore. 2. Exercise in tactics, train in martial ex- ercises. 3. Instruct, exercise, teach, train. Drink, v. n. I. Take a drink, quench one's thirst. 2. Tipple, tope, be a drunkard, be a toper, be intemperate (in the use of spirituous liquors), be of intemperate habits, take a drop too much. 3. Carouse, revel, indulge in a drinking-bout. Drink, v. a. I. Swallow, quaif. 2. Imbibe, absorb, swallow up, suck in. Drink, n. Beverage, potion. Drinkable, a. Potable, that may be drunk, fit to drink, suitable for drinking. Drinking, n. Tippling, topbg, intemperate habits. Drinking-bout, n. Carouse, carousal, revel, revelry, jollification, bacchanals, saturnalia, de- bauch, compotation, wassail, orgies, spree (colloq.). Drink to. Pledge, toast, drink in honor of, drink the health of. Drip, V. n. I. Trickle, fall in drops, dribble. 2. Have drops falling from. Drip, V. a. Let fall in drops. Drive, v. a. I. Impel. 2. Hurl, send, propel. 3. Force, coerce, compel, oblige. 4. Press, urge. 5. Prosecute, carry on. 6. Guide (by reins). 7. Take in a carriage, carry on a drive. Drive, v. n. I. Be forced along, be impelled, move helplessly, drift, scud. 2. Rush, press with violence, go furiously. 3. Go driving, take a drive, go by carriage. 4. Aim, intend. Drive, n. I. Airing, ride. 2. Carriage-road, driving-course. Drive at. Intend, purpose, aim at, tend to, be after, endeavor after. Drive away. Expel, disperse, scatter, dispel, drive off. Drive back. Repel, repulse. Drivel, V. n. I. Slaver, slobber, drool. 2. Dote, be imbecile, be foolish. Drivel, «. I. Slaver, drivelling. 2. Nonsense, balderdash, stuff, foolish talk, nonsense, twaddle, twattle, imbecile prating. See Prate. DriveUer, «. [Written also Driveler.^ I. Slav- erer, drooler. 2. Dotard, idiot simpleton, fool, imbecile, twattler, senseless gabbler. Drivelling, «. [written also Driveling.\ I. Slaver. 2. Foolishness, folly, idiocy. Drive off. Expel, drive away. Drive out. Expel, reject eject, cast out, turn out Drizzle* v, n. Rain (in small drops), mizzle. Droll, M. I. Jester (by profession), buffoon, harle- quin, mountebank, punch, punchinello, clown, zany, scaramouch, fool, jack-pudding, merry- andrew, pickle-herring. 2. Farce, comic show. Droll, a. I. Comic, comical, funny, ludicrous, farcical, laughable, ridiculous. 2. Odd, queer, facetious, waggish, amusing, diverting. Droll, V. H. Jest, act the buffoon, play the droll. Drollery, «. Pleasantry, fun, facetiousness, wag- gishness, waggery, buffoonery, comicality. Drone, n. I. Male honey-bee. 2. Idler, sluggard, lounger, idle fellow, lazy fellow, do-nothing, good-for-nothing. 3. Humming, humming noise. 4. Droning-pipe (in bagpipe), drone-pipe. Drone, v. n. I. Lounge, dawdle, idle, waste time in trifles, live in idleness. 2. Make a dull humming sound, hum. Drone, v. a. Read monotonously. Dronlsh, a. Idle, lazy, indolent, sluggish, slow, inactive, drony. Dronte, «. Dodo. Drool, V. n. [U. S. and parts of England,\ Slaver, drivel, drop saliva. Droop, V. a. Let droop, let sink or fall, let bend down. Droop, v.n. I. Sink or hang down, drop, bend downward. 2. WiU, wither, fade. DROP 134 DULL 3. Languish, weaken, faint, sink, fail, decline, grow weak, be dispirited. mop,n. I. Globule. 2. Ear-ring, pendant. 3. Small quantity, very little, least bit. Drop, V. a. I. Distil, send down or let fall in drops. 2. Lower, sink, depress, let down, let fall, let go. 3. Leave, quit, forsake, desert, relinquish, , abandon, forswear, give up, give over, omit. 4. Discontinue, intermit, remit, cease, desist from, break off, leave off, lay aside. 5. Bedrop, spot, speckle, variegate. 6. Utter (casuaUy), let fall, insert or state in passing, write or send informally. DroPt ^' n. I. Distil, fall in drops, drip. 2. Fall suddenly. 3. Cease, come to an end, come to nothing. Drop astern. {Naut.) Move back. Drop down. (Naut.) Move toward the sea. Drop in. Call, happen in. Drop serene. Amaurosis, gutta serena. Dross, n. I. Scum, recrement, scoria. 2. Refuse, waste matter. Drought, n. Dryness (of weather), aridity, drouth, want of rain. Drouth, «. See Drought. Drove, «. I. Herd, flock. 2. Crowd, collection, herd [of people in motion). Drown, v. a. I, Suffocate in water. 2. Overflow, inundate, deluge, overwhelm, flood. 3. Overcome, overpower. Drown, v. n. Be drowned. Drowse, v. n. Slumber, doze, nap, be half asleep. Drowsy, a. I. Sleepy, dozy. 2. Lethargic, comatose, stupid. 3. Soporific, lulling. Dmi), V. a. Beat, thrash, cudgel, cane, flog, pound, thump, etc. See Beat. Drnhbing, «. Beating, flogging, thrashing, cud- gelling, caning, pounding, flagellation. Dntdge, v. «. Slave, toil, plod, work hard, do heavy menial service. Drudge, «. Slave, menial, scullion, hack, fag, hard-worker, toiler. Drudgery, «. Hard or toilsome work, ignoble toil, mean labor. Drug, n. I. Medicine, physic, remedy. 2. Unsalable article. Drug, V. a. I. Mix with drugs, put drugs into. 2. Deaden with narcotics or anxsthetics, deaden, dull. 3. Dose to excess, stuff with drugs. 4. Surfeit, disgust. Drum, «. (A nat. ) Tympanum. Drunk, a. I. Intoxicated, inebriated, drunken, in liquor. 2. Soaked, saturated, drenched. Drunkard, «. Toper, tippler, sot, carouser, revel- ler, bacchanal, bacchanalian. Drunken, a. I. Intoxicated, drunk, inebriated. 2. Sottish, given to intoxication or drink. 3. Drenched, saturated, soaked. Drunkenness, ». I. Intoxication, inebriety, ebriety. 2. Sottishness. Drupe, n. Stone-fruit. Dzy, a. I. Free from moisture, dried. 2. Arid, parched. 3. Thirsty, craving drink. 4. Uninteresting, barren, dull, jejune, meagre, tame, vapid, dreary, tiresome, tedious, unembel- lished, plain. 5. Sarcastic, severe, sly, keeq, sharp. Dry, V. a. Desiccate, exsiccate, free from mois- ture, make dry. Dry, V. n. Become dry, lose moisture. Diyad, «. Wood-nymph. Dry goods. Textile fabrics {as distinguished from groceries). Wy-rot, n. Sap-rot, powder-post. Dualism, n. I. Parseeism, Zoroastrianism, Maz- deism, Manicheism, doctrine of two supreme principles {good and evif). 2. (Met.) Natural realism, doctrine of two primal realities {mind and matter). Dut>, V. a. Name, style, term, denominate, desig- nate, call, entitle, christen. Duhiety, n. {Rare.) Doubtfulness, dubious- ness, uncertainty. Dubious, a. I. Doubtful, undecided, hesitant, uncertain, wavering, fluctuating, unsettled. 2. Uncertain, doubtful, equivocal, ambiguous, not plain, not clear. Duck, V. a. Immerse, plunge, souse, dip. Duck, V. n. I. Dive, plunge, dip, immerse one's self. 2. Bow, cringe, dodge {downward). Duck-t>ill, n. Ornithorhynchus, platypus, mul- langong, tambreet, water-mole, duck-mole. Duck-hawk, n. Harpy, marsh-harrier, moor- buzzard {Circus ceriiginosus). Ducking-stool, n. Trebuchet, tumbrel, castiga- tory, cucking-stool. Duct, «. Conduit, channel, canal, pipe, tube. Ductile, «. I. Tractable, compliant, docile, yield- ing, facile. 2. Pliant, flexible, easily bent. 3. Extensible, capable of being drawn out. Ductility, n. I. Tractableness, docility, com- pliancy, flexibility, yielding disposition. 2. Extensibility. Dudgeon, «. Anger, resentment, indignation, ire, malice, ill-will. Duds, n. pi. {Colloq,) I. Old clothes, tattered garments. 2. Effects, things, clothes, traps. Due, a. I. Owed, to be paid. 2. Proper, fit, suitable, appropriate, becoming, befitting. 3. Owing, to be ascribed. Due, n. I. Debt, what is due. 2. Right, just title, lawful claim. Due, ad. Directly, exactly. Duel, «. Affair of honor. Due to. I. Owing to, occasioned by, to be as- cribed to. 2. Owed to. 3. Belonging of right to, fit for, befitting, suited to, appropriate to. Dug, n. Teat {of a beast), nipple, pap, uddejr {rarefy). Dulcamara, ». Woody nightshade, bitter-sweet {Solanum dulcamara). Dulcet, a. I. Sweet, luscious, honeyed, delightful to the taste, delicious, 2. Melodious, harmonious, sweet, delightful to the ear. 3. Pleasing, agreeable, pleasant, delightful, charming, sweet. Dull, a. I. Stupid, stolid, doltish, blockish, brutish, unintelligent, blunt-witted. 2. Apathetic, insensible, unimpassioned, pas- sionless, dead, callous. 3. Inert, inactive, lifeless, inanimate, heavy, sluggish, slow, torpid. 4. Blunt, obtuse, dulled. 5. Gloomy, sad, dismal, cheerless. 6. Dim, obscure. 7. Tedious, wearisome, tiresome, uninterest- ing, dreary, dry, jejune. DULL 135 DYSPNCEA Dun, V. a. I. Blunt, make blunt. 2. Stupefy, benumb, deaden, paralyze, ob- tund, hebetate, make or render insensible, render callous, make obtuse. 3. Depress, dishearten, discourage, dispirit, deject, make melancholy, make sad, gloomy, or dejected. 4. Quiet, allay, moderate, assuage, mitigate, alleviate, soften. 5. Sully, tarnish, dim. Dnllard, n. Simpleton. See Dunce. Daly, ad. I. Properly, fitly, befittingly, deco- rously, in a suitable manner. 2. Regularly, in course, at the proper time. Doml), a. I. Unable to speak, incapable of speech. 2. Mute, speechless, silent. Btunb-sllOW, «. Pantomime. Dttmb- waiter, «. See Dummy. Damfoaild, \v.a. {Colloq.) Confuse, confound, Dumfonnder, ) pose, nonplus, strike dumb, as- tound, amaze. Donunador, n. Cockchafer, dor, dor-bug, May- bug, tree-beetle. May-beetle, dumbledor (Meloloti- tha Tjulgaris). Dummy, n. I. Mute, dumb person. 2. {Collog.) Dumb-waiter. 3. Fourth hand {whtn only three persons play at whist). Dtimpish, a. Sad, dejected, dispirited, despondent, moping. See Melancholy, a. Dumps, n. pl' Dejection, depression, sadness, despondency, blues, blue devils. See Melan- choly, «. Dumpy, a. Short and thick (/«/^rj<7«), squat. Dun, a. Dull brown, yellowish-brown, drab. Dun, V. a. Press {^for a debt), importune, urge. Dun, n. I. Importunate creditor. 2. Dunning letter. Dunce, n. Simpleton, fool, dolt, ignoramus, wit- ling, wiseacre, blockhead, block, numskull, dul- lard, thickhead, thick-skull, dunderhead, dunder- pate, clodpoU, clodpate, beetle-head, bull-head, dull-head, addle-head, logger-head, chuckle-head, jolt-head, lack-brain, shallow-brain, moon-calf, Jackwit, halfwit, oaf, changeling, booby, noodle, spooney, tony, nincompoop {colloq.)y ninny, nmnyhammer, nonny, gaby, flat, sawney, drivel- ler, noddy, natural, innocent, lout, stick, ass, jackass, donkey, owl, goose, coot, loon, calf, non- compos, stupid fellow, silly fellow. Dunder, «. Lees {of cane juice). SSdeSS?,'}- Simpleton. SeeDuNCK. Dun-diver, «. Goosander, dish-washer, wagtail {Merits merganser or Mergus castor). Dung, n. Excrement, ordure, faeces. Dung, V. a. Manure {with dung). Dungeon, «. Prison {especially one underground and dark), keep, donjon-keep. Dungmeers, «. //. Compost-pits. Dupe, n. Gull, cully, credulous person. Dupe, V. a. Cheat, deceive, delude, trick, circum- vent, overreach, beguile, cully, chouse, cozen, gull, impose upon. Duplicate, a. Double, twofold. Duplicate, «. Copy, transcript, counterpart. Duplicity, «. Dissimulation, chicanery, guile, deceit, deception, hypocrisy, circumvention, arti- fice, Machiavelism, double-dealing, falseness, fraud, perfidy, dishonesty. DnraUlity, ». Durableness, lasting quality. Durable, a. Permanent, lasting, abiding, contin- uing, constant, stable. Durableness, «. Permanence, durability, lasting quality. Durance, n. See Duress. Duration, n. I. Continuance (pi time\ continua- tion, lasting period. 2. Time, extension in time. Duress, «. Constraint, restraint, captivity, confine- ment, imprisonment, durance. During, /r^/. For the time of, for the period of. Dusk, n. I. Twilight, approach of night or dark- ness, edge of darkness, nightfall. 2. Dark color, approach to blackness, duski- ness. Dusky, a. I. Obscure, murky, dim, shadowy, cloudy, shady, overcast, somewhat dark. 2. Dark, dark-colored. Dutch gold. Pinchbeck. Dutch oven. Baking- reflector, reflector. Duteous, a. Obedient. See Dutiful. Dutiful, a. I. Obedient, submissive, duteous. 2. Reverential, respectful, deferential. Duty, «. I. What one ought to do, what one is bound or under obligation to do. 2. Service, business, function, office. 3. Tax, impost, toll, custom, excise. Dwale, «. Belladonna, banewort, deadly night- shade {AtroPa belladonna). Dwarf, n. Pygmy, hop o' my thumb. Dwarf, V. a. Stunt, hinder from growth. Dwarfish, a. Stunted, dwarfed, undersized, di- minutive, small, little, tiny, liliputian, pygmean, pygmy. Dw^, V. n. Inhabit, reside, live, stay, sojourn, tarry, abide, be settled, have a habitation. Dweller, n. Inhabitant, inhabiter, resident, citi- zen, denizen. Dwelling, ». Habitation, abode, residence, lodg- ing, quarters, domicile, home, place of residence, place of abode, dwelling-place, house. Dwelling-place, n. See Dwelling. Dwell on. 1 I. Hang upon fondly, be absorbed Dwell upon. ) with, be deeply interested in. 2. Continue long upon, occupy a long time with. Dwindle, v. n. I. Diminish, decrease, lessen, shrink, grow less, grow little. 2. Sink, degenerate, decline, decay, fall away, fell off. Dwindle, v. a. Diminish, decrease, lessen, make less. Dyad, n. Pair, couple, group of two. I^e, n. I. Coloring liquor. 2. Color, hue, tint, tinge, stain, cast, shade. Dye, V. a. Color, tinge, stain. I^er's-weed, «. Green-broom, green-weed (G*- nista tinctoria). Dying, a. I. Expirine. 2. Mortal, perishable. Dying, n. Death, decease, demise, dissolution, departure, exit, end of life. Dynamics, «. Science offerees. Dynasty, n. I. Government, sovereignty, do- minion, empire. 2. Race of rulers, family of sovereigns, suc- cession. Djrsentery, n. Bloody flux. I^Spepsia, \ n. (Med.) Indigestion, difficulty of Dyspepsy, ) digestion. Dyspnoea, «. [L.] {Med.) DifficMlty of breathing. EACH 186 EAT DIRT Eacb»d!. I. One and the other {of two), both, either {archaic and poetical). 2. Every one {o/ several). Eager, a. I. Longing, yearning, greedy, anxious, impatient, keenly desirous. 2. Ardent, zealous, enthusiastic, vehement, impetuous, forward, earnest, animated, fervent, fervid, glowing, hot, sanguine. 3. {Poetical.) Sharp, keen, biting, mordant, nipping, stinging. Eagerness, n. I. Longing, yearning, avidity, greediness, impatience, anxiety. 2. Ardor, zeal, vehemence, impetuosity, earn- estness, enthusiasm, fervor, fervency, heartiness, devotion. Eagle. ». I. King of birds. 2. TendoWdirs {U.S. gold coin). Eagle-eyed. a. I. Sharp-sighted, keen-eyed, keen-sighted, of piercing vision. 2. Discerning, perspicacious, penetrating, of piercing vision, of penetrating insight, quick- sighted, sharp-sighted, lynx-eyed, hawk-eyed, keen-eyed, Argus-eyed. Eagre, «. [written also Eger and Eygre.'] Bore, great tidal wave. Ear. «. I. Organ of hearing. 2. Musical perception, faculty of discriminat- ing sounds, sense of hearing. 3. Regard, heed, attention, hearing. 4. Spike {of grain), head. Earache. «. Otalgia, otalgy, pain in the ear. Ear-drop. n. Ear-ring, pendant. Early, a. I. Timely, seasonable, in season. 2. Forward, premature. 3. At dawn, at daybreak, at the opening of day. Early, ad. Soon, betimes, seasonably, in good season, in good time. Earn. v. a. I. Gain, get, acquire, win, obtain, procure. 2. Merit, deserve, be entitled to. Earnest, a. I. Ardent, zealous, eager, fervent, fervid, glowing, animated, importunate, warm, hearty. 2. Intent, steady, fixed, close. 3. Serious, sincere, true, truthful. 4. Serious, important, momentous, weighty. Earnest. «. I. Seriousness, reality, truth, good feith. 2. Pledge, promise, foretaste, first-fruits. 3. {Law.) Earnest-money, handsel. Earnest-money, «. Earnest, pay in advance {to bind a bargain), handsel. Earnings. ». //. Income, proceeds, profits. See Wages. Ear-ring, «. Pendant, ear-drop. Earth, «. I. Worid, globe, terrestrial ball, ter- raqueous orb. 2. Soil, ground, land, clod, turf, sod. 3. World, mankind, inhabitants of the globe. 4. This world, nature, natural order, tem- poral things, transitory state. Euth-twm. a. I. Terrigenous, bom on the earth, sprung from the ground. 2. Of 1 bom. low birth, of mean extraction, meanly 3. Earthly, low, mean, base, abject, grovelling, earth-bred, unspiritual, merely temporal. Earth-bred, a. Low, base, vile, abject, grovel- ling, earth-bom, earth-fed. Earth-flax, n. Amianth, amianthus {sfecies of A sbestos). Earthly, a. I. Terrestrial. 2. Sensual, sordid, worldljr, low, grovelling, vile, base, gross, earthly-minded, earth-bom, earth-fed, earth-bred, carnal, unspiritual. 3. Natural, merely natural or physical, tem- poral, carnal, merely temporal, non-spiritual. 4. On earth, in the world, possible, con- ceivable. Earthly-minded, a. I. Sensual, sordid. 2. Devoted to this world. See Earthly. Earthy, a. I, Terrene, composed of earth, like earth. 2. Earthly, terrestrial. 3. Gross, coarse, unrefined. Ear-wax, «. Cerumen. Ear-wig, «. I. Ear-piercer {Forficula auricti- laria). 2. Whisperer, insinuater, prying informer. Ear- wig, v. a. Get the ear of, influence by insinuations^ prejudice by covert insinuations, whisper insinuations in one's ear. Ease, n. I. Rest, repose, quiescence. 2. Quiet, quietude, quietness, tranquillity, peace, content, contentment. 3. Facility, easiness, readiness. 4. Freedom, flexibility, freedom from stiff- ness or harshness or forcedness, lightness, nat- uralness. 5. Freedom from formality or constraint, un« affectedness. Ease, V. a. I. Relieve, disburden, disencumber, free from pain or anxiety, pacify, quiet, still, give rest or repose or relief. 2. Alleviate, allay, assuage, appease, miti- gate, soothe, abate. 3. [With o/.\ Reheve {from or of), dis- burthen. 4. Release (from pressure), loosen, give more room. 5. Facilitate, make less difficult. Ease away. {Naut.) Slacken gradually (a rope\ ease oflE. Easement. «. {Law.) Privilege {by grant or prescription), convenience, accommodation, ad- vantage. Ease oft. (Naut. ) See Ease away. Eastern, a. I. Oriental, orient. 2. Toward the east. Easy, a.' I. Light, not difficult, not burden- some. 2. Quiet, tranquil, untroubled, comfortable, contented, satisfied, at rest, at ease, without anxietyj without pam. 3. Yielding, complying, compliant, pliant, facile, submissive, accommodating, complaisant. 4. Unconstrained, graceful, not formal, not stiflf. 5. Natural, flowing, unaffected, smooth. 6. Gentle, moderate. 7. Not straitened {pecuniarily), comfortable, affluent Eat, V. a. I. Chew and swallow, ingest. 2. Corrode, erode, consume, wear away, gnaw into. Eat, v.n. I. Feed, take food. 2. Act corrosively. 3. (Colloq.) Taste, relish. Eatable, a. Esculent, edible. Eat dirt. Humble one's self, abase one's stiff EAT HUMBLE PIE 137 EDGE lower one's note, fall on one's knees, get a set- down, eat humble pie. Eat bamUe pie. Suffer humiliation, endure mor- tification, be humbled, be abashed, be taken down, eat dirt. Eating, a. Corrosive, erosive, corroding, caustic, catheretic. Eating-bonse, «. Restaurant, chop-house, coflfee- house, cafi. Eat one's words. Take back what was said, retract a statement, withdraw charges. Eat out. Eat away, consume, gnaw out, erode, destroy. Eat Up. Consume, devour, make away with, destroy, use up, exhaust. Eau-de-cologne, «. [Fr.] Cologne, cologne-water. Eavesdropper, «. Stealthy listener. Eavesdropping:, «. Listening by stealth. Ebb, n. I. Regression, regress, retrocession, re- trogression, reflux, refluence, return. 2. Decline, decay, deterioration, degeneration, degeneracy, caducity, wane, waning. 3. Decrease, diminution, abatement, decre- ment, subsidence. Ebb, V. n. I. Recede, retire, flow back. 2. Decline, decrease, decay, wane, sink, fall away. Ebon, a. I. Dark, black, inky. 2. Made of ebony. Ebriety, «. Drunkenness, intoxication, inebria- tion, inebriety. Ebullience, \n. I. Effervescence, ebullition. Ebulliency, ) boiling over. 2. Bursting forth, overflow, burst, rush, burst- ing vigor. Ebullient, a. I. Effervescing, boiling over. 2. Bursting, rushing, outbursting, throbbing, stormy. 3. Over-enthusiastic, over-demonstrative, ex- travagant. Ebullition, n. I. Boiling. 2. Effervescence, fermentation. 3. Burst, outburst, bursting forth, outbreak, fit, paroxysm. Eccentric, a. I. Without a centre, deviating from the centre, deviating from a circle. 2. With different centres, non-concentric. 3. Irregular, abnormal, anomalous, peculiar, uncommon, unnatural, singular, strange, way- ward, odd, aberrant, erratic, whimsical. Eccentiicity, «. I. Deviation from circularity, ellipticity, oblateness, flatness, flattening. 2. Distance from centre to focus. 3. Irregularity, peculiarity, oddness, oddity, singularity, waywardness, strangeness, aberration. Ecclesiastic, ) a. Of the Church, belonging or Ecclesiastical, ) relating to the Church, church. Ecclesiastic, «. Priest, clergyman, churchman, minister, parson, pastor, divine, person in holy orders or orders. E^MSStld,!-- Prickly, bristled. Echo, «. I. Reverberation, reflected sound, re- percussion of sound. 2. Assenting repetition, slavish imitation. Ecno, V. n. Resound, reverberate, be sounded back. Ecbo, V. a. I. Reverberate, re-echo. 2. Repeat, sound again. ^ 3. Sound loudly, resound, reverberate. Eclaircissement, «. [Fr.] Explanation, explica- tion, elucidation, clearing up. Eclairclze, v. a. (^Modern.) Explain, unfold, expound, elucidate, illustrate, make plain, make , clear. Eclat, n. I. Acclamation, applause, plaudit, burst of applause. 2. Brilliancy, splendor, show, pomp, lustre, effect, striking effect. Eclectic, a. Selecting, selective. Eclecticism, «. Eclectic philosophy, eclectic method. Eclipse, «. I. Occultation, eclipsing. 2. Obscuration, darkening, dimming, clouding, veiling, hiding, shrouding, disappearance, con- cealment, vanishing, occultation. 3. Extinguishment, extinction, obliteration, blotting out, destruction, annihilation. Eclipse, V. a. I. Darken, obscure, dim. 2. Cloud, veil, shroud, hide, hide from view. 3. Throw into the shade, utterly surpass, put out of competition. 4. Extinguish, blot out, put out, annihilate, annul. Eclipse, V. n. Suffer eclipse, be eclipsed, dark- ened, veiled, hidden, dimmed, or obscured. Eclogue, n. Bucolic, idyl, pastoral, pastoral poem. Economic, I a- I. Household, housekeeping. Economical, ) relating to housekeeping or the housenold, housewifely. 2. Relating to economics, concerning public economy. 3. Saving, sparing, provident, thrifty, frugal, free from lavishness or waste. Economics, «. I« Science of wealth, method of developing public wealth, plutology, public econ- omy, political economy. 2. Household management, household econ- omy, housewifery. ^ . ^ ^ Economize, v. a. Save, htisband, manage fru- gally, use prudently, expend with frugality or without waste. Economize, v. n Retrench, be frugal, be pru- dent, be economical, practise economy, husband one's resources, avoid waste. Economy, «. I. Frugality, thrift, thriftiness, good husbandry, good housewifery. 2. Arrangement, regulation, management, administration. 3. System, plan, dispensation, established order. EcphonesiS; «. [Gr.] {^Rhet.') Exclamation, ejac- ulation, interjection, animated or passionate utterance. Ecstasy, n. I. Trance, suspension of external sense- 2. Transport, rapture, ravishment, delight, excessive joy, supreme delight, transporting pleasure. Ecstatic, \a. I. Entrancing, suspending the Ecstatical, ) senses. 2. Resulting fi^om or given in trance or ecstasy. 3. Transporting, ravishing, rapturous, sur- Kssingly or supremely delightful, enrapturing, atific. Ect3i^, n. Close or exact copy, reproduction. Eciunenic, \a. [Written also CEcitmenic and Ecumenical,} (Ecumenical'] Genen\ (ap/ilied especially to councils of the Church), universal. Edacious, a. Greedy, voracious, devouring. Eddish, n. [Written also Eadish.] Eagrass, earsh, etch. See Aftermath. Eddy, n. I. Counter-current. 2. Whirlpool, vortex. Edge, n. I. Cutting side {of a blade). 2. Border, rim, brim, margin, verge, brink ; beginning or end, opening or close (as the case may be). 3. Keenness, sharpness, intensity, interest, animation, zest EDGE 138 EGOISM 4. Power to wound, sharpness, sting, acri- mony, bitterness, gall. Edge, V. a. I. Sharpen. 2. Fringe, border, rim. 3. Move sideways, move little by little, hitch up, hitch along. Edge, V. n. Move sideways, move little by little, hitch along. £dge-tM)Iie, «. Aitchbone, natchbone, rump-bone. Edging, n. Fringe, border, trimming. Edible, a. Eatable, esculent. Edict, n. Command, order, decree, rescript, man- date, ordinance, proclamation, ban. Edification, «. (Moral) upbuilding, religious nurture, moral or religious strengthening, spirit- ual invigoralion, enlargement of spiritual life. Edifice, ». Building, fabric, structure. Edi^, V. a. Upbuild (morally), nurture in religion, stimulate to spiritual growth, strengthen in spir- itual lite, beget spiritual improvement in, enlarge in Christian life. Edit, V. a. I. Revise and correct, prepare for the Eress, annotate and emend, superintend the pub- cation of, bring out. 2. Conduct {fl journal, etc.), manage. Edition, n. I. Issue {o/ a literary work), impression. 2. Impression, number {ft/ copies) printed at once. Editor, n. I. Reviser and corrector (ft/ a work), annotator. 2. Conductor {p/ a journal), manager. Educate, v. a. Train, discipline, teach, instruct, school, nurture, breed, bring up, develop the faculties of, form the mind and character of- Education, n. Training, teaching, tuition, school- ing, instruction, discipline, cultivation, nurture, breeding, development. Educe, V. a. Extract, draw out, bring out Edulcorate, v. <»• {Chem.) Wash, purify, cleanse. Edulcoration, «• KChem.) Washing, cleaning, purification. Eel-pout, n. I. Blenny {Zoarces viviparui). 2. Burbot (Lola vulgaris). Efface, V. a. Obliterate, erase, expunge, blot, can- cel, rub out, wipe out, scratch out, rub ofif, blot out, strike out. Effect, «. I. Consequence, result, issue, event. 2. Force, validity, weight, power, efficiency. 3. Purport, import, drift, tenor, meaning, gen- eral intent. 4. Fact, reality, truth. 5. General or total impression, ensemble. Effect, V. a. I. Causcj produce, create. 2. Accomplish, achieve, execute, perform, do, consummate, complete, realize, carry, compass, effectuate, bring about, bring to pass, carry out, work out. Effectlye, a. I. Competent, adequate, sufficient, effectual. 2. Powerful, forcible, energetic, potent, cogent, efficacious. 3. Operative, active, efficient. Effects, n. pi. Goods, furniture, movables, per- sonal estate. Effectual, a. I. Operative, successful. 2. Efficacious, effective, active, efficient, of adequate power. Effectuate, v. a. Accomplish, secure, achieve, effect, execute, carry out, bring to pass. Effeminacy, ». [Said o/men.^ Weakness, soft- ness, timidity, unmanly delicacy. Effeminate, a. [Said o/ men.l Womanish, feminine, timorous, unmanly. Effeminate, v. a. Unman, soften, emasculate, emolliate, make or render effeminate. Effervesce, v. «. Froth, foam, bubble, ferment, bubble and hiss. Eltervescence, «. Bubbling, frothing, foaming, ebullition, fermentation. Effete, a. I. Barren, unprolific, unfruitful, fruit- less, addle. 2. Decayed, spent, exhausted, wasted, worn out. Efficacious, a. Effectual, effective, powerful, active, operative, efficient, energetic, of adequate power. Efucacy, «. Potency, competency, power, strength, force, efficiency, effectiveness, energy, vijgor, virtue. ^miency, «. See Efficacy. Efncient, a. I, Operative, active, efficacious, effective, effectual, potent. 2. Able, energetic, skilful, ready. Efficient, «. (Rare.) Cause, operator, prime mover, efficient agent. Effigies, n. See Effigy. Effigy, n. I. Image, figure, statue, representa- tion, likeness, portrait, effigies. 2. Sepulchral statue, mortuary statue. Effloresce, v. «. I. Bloom, flower, burst into bloom, break into flower. 2. Break into florid ornament, become florid. 3. (Chem.) Grow pulverulent (on the sur- /ace), acquire a bloom or down. Efflorescence, «. I. Flowering, bloom, blos- soming. 2. Flowering-time, time of blossoming, period of bloom. 3. Pulverulence (o/ the surface). Effluence, n. Emanation, effiux. Effluvium, n. Exhalation, vapor, noxious ex- halation. Efflux, n. I. Flow, effusion. 2. Emanation, effluence. Effort, n. Endeavor, attempt, trial, essay, exer- tion, struggle, strain, straining, striving, stretch. Effrontery, «. Assurance, impudence, audacity, hardihood, presumption, shamelessness, sauci- ness, brass, brazen boldness. Effulgence, ». Brilliancy, lustre, splendor, bright- ness, radiance, refulgence. Effulgent, a. Brilliant, shining, lustrous, splen- did, resplendent, bright, radiant, refulgent, daz- zling, blazing, flaming, glowing, burning, beaming. Effuse, V. a. Shed, spill, pour out or forth. Effuse, V. n. Issue, emanate, come forth, spread forth. Effuse, a. Profuse, poured forth freely, lavish Cfuse, n. Effu spilling, sheddin; Effuse, n. Effusion, outpouring. ly, lav loss, waste, E^ , «. I. Outpouring, efflux, gush. 2. Shedding, spilling, waste, effuse. 3. Utterance, expression of thought or senti- ment, desultory composition or effort (literary). Effusive, a. I. Lavish, generous, largely or freely outpouring, effuse. 2. Poured abroad, spread widely, diffused. Eft, «. Salamander, newt. Eftsoon, lad. Soon, speedily, presently, soon Eftsoons, ) after, straightway. Egg, n. Ovum. Egg, V. a. I. [With on.] Urge, incite, insti- gate, push, stimulate, encourage. 2. [With into.} Provoke, harass, harry. Egg-shaped, a. Ovate. Eglantine, «. Eglatere, sweetbrier (Rosa ntbi- ginosa). Ego, ». [L.] (Psychol.) Subject, conscious sub- ject, self, me. ». I. (Met^ Subjective or sceptical EGOTISM 139 ELENCH or negative idealism, solipsism {limitation of certainty to the self). 2. Egotism, selfishness, extravagant love of self. Egotism, ft. I. Self-importance, self-conceit, self- esteem, self-assertion, self-admiration, self-praise, self-commendation, bumptiousness (jcolloq. ). 2. Selfishness, passionate or extravagant self- love, egoism. Egotistic, \a. Conceited, vain, opinionated. Egotistical, ) self-important, self-conceited, self- admiring, self-asserting, bumptious {colloq.). Egregious, a. [Usually in a bad sense.] Extra- ordmary, remarkable, enormous, monstrous, out- rageous, great, huge, prodigious, tremendous. Egress, «. I. Passage out, power to go out. 2. Way out, exit, departing passage. 3. Going out, exit, departure, emergence. Either, a. and/)r<7«. I. {Properly.) One or the other {of two). 2. {Less authorized.) Any one {o/" sev- eral). 3. [Archaic or poetical.} Each {of two), both, one and the other. Ejacttlate, v. a. Utter in an exclamation, utter briefly and suddenly. Ejaculate, v. n. Cry or exclaim passionately or hurriedly. Ejaculation, n. Exclamation, brief and sudden utterance, ecphonesis. Eject, z'. a. I. Emit, discharge, void, evacuate, vomit, spew, puke, throw out, cast up. 2. Expel, oust, dismiss, discharge, cashier, turn out, thrust out. put out. 3. Reject, banish, throw aside, cast away, throw overboard. Ejection, n- Expulsion, dismission, dischafge, extrusion, banishment, thrusting out, turning out. Eke out. Add to, supply the deficiency of, stretch out, make out, make out with difficulty. Elaborate^ v. a. I. Bestow labor upon, work out. 2. Improve, refine, mature, ripen, prepare thoroughly, work out with (great) care. Elaborate, a. I. Labored, studied, elaborately prepared. 2. High-wrought, highly finished, minutely and intncately wrought. Elaboration, n. I. Labor, painstaking. 2. Preparation, ripening, maturing, working out. Elapse, V. n. Pass, lapse, glide away, slip away, pass away. Elastic, a. I. Springy, rebounding, resilient, recoiling. 2. Recuperative. Elasticity, n I. Springiness, resiliency, ten- dency to rebound. 2. Tendency to recover, power to endure strain or depression. Elate, a. Flushed (with success), elated, excited, exhilarated, puffed up, in high spirits. Elate, V. a. Cheer, exhilarate, elevate, animate, excite, flush, puff up, make proud. Elater, «. Fire-fly {of South America, Cuba, etc.). Elation, «. Exultation, elevation, exaltotion, pride, high spirits. Elbow, n. Angle, bend, turn, flexure. ^bow, V. a. Push, crowd, jostle, hustle, shoulder. Elbow, V. n. Tostle, hustle, shoulder, crowd, push, push one's way. Elbow-chair, «. Armchair, easy-chair. Elbow-room, «. Scope, swing, range, sweep, opportunity, liberty of action, a fair field, room enough. Eld, n. I. Old age, decrepitude, decadence, decay. 2. Olden time, antiquity, former or bygone ages, bygone times, tlie past. Elder, a. I. Older, senior, earlier bom. 2. Senior, ranking, previously appointed or commissioned. 3. Earlier, more ancient, ancient, olden. Elder, n. I. Senior, superior in age. 2. Old man, aged man, venerable man. 3. Presbyter, ruling elder. Elderly, a. Somewhat old, somewhat advanced in life. Eldership, n. I. Seniority. 2. Elder's office. 3. Order of elders, body of elders. Eldest, a. Oldest. Elect, V. a. Choose, select, cull, pick, prefer, single out, fix upon, pitch upon, pick out, make choice of. Elect, a. I. Chosen, selected, picked, choice. 2. Elected, appointed {but not installed in office). 3. {Theol.) Redeemed, predestinated to sal- vation, saved, chosen to salvation. Election, n. I. Selection, preference, choice. 2. Appointment by vote. 3. Choice, alternative, liberty, freedom, free- will, power to choose. 4. Discrimination, distinction, discernment. 5. {Theol.) Predestination. Electioneer, v. n. Canvass. Elective, a. I. Chosen by election, determined by suffrage, dependent on suffrage. 2. Concerning suffrage, of suffrage. 3. Selective, mutually attractive. Elective franchise. Right of voting, right to vote, right of suffrage. Elector, «. Voter, constituent. Electric, a. I. Charged with electricity. 2. Marked by electricity, relating to elec- tricity. 3. Full of fire or spirit, inspiriting, inspiring, stimulating. 4. Lightning-like, swift and flashing, instanta- neous and thrilling, rousing, thrilling, stirring, exciting. Electrify, v. a. I. Render electric, charge with electricity. 2. Rouse, thrill, excite, stir, enchant. Elegance, «. I. Grace, beauty, symmetry, propriety. 2. Refinement, polish, politeness, gentility. Elegant, a. I, Graceful, beautiful, handsome, fine, symmetrical, classical, tasteful, chaste, neat, well-made, well-proportioned, in good taste. 2. Polished, refined, accomplished, cultivated, polite, genteel, courtly, fashionable. Elegiac, a. Mournful, plaintive, sorrowful, dirge- like. Elegy, «. I. Dirge, lament, epicedium, mournful song, funeral song. 2. Serious, meditative, or melancholy poem. Element, «. I. Simple body, uncompounded body, ultimate part. 2. Constituent, component, ingredient, con- stituent principle, component part. 3. Proper state, proper sphere, natural me- dium, vital air. 4. [In //.] Rudiments, first steps or princi- ples, outlines, essential parts. Elementary, «. I. Simple, uncompounded. 2. Rudimentary, rudimental. primary. Elench, «. {Lo^.) I. Elenchus, refutatory syl- logism, syllogism forcing contradiction {ftpon the opponent). ELEPHANTINE 140 EMBARK 2. (Rare.) Sophism, paralogism, fallacy, specious argument. Elephantine, a. I. Huge, immense, gigantic, colossal, Cyclopean, Herculean, enormous, very large. 2. Clumsy, unwieldy. Elevate, v. a. I. Raise, lift, lift up. 2. Exalt, promote, advance, aggrandize. 3. Improve, dignify, ennoble, refine, exalt, greaten. 4. Animate, elate, cheer, exhilarate, excite, flush. Elevation, «. I. Raising, elevating. 2. Exaltation, aggrandizement, promotion. 3. Dignity, refinement, improvement, en- nobling. 4. Hill, elevated place, height. 5. Height, altitude. Eleve, ft. [Fr.] Pupil. Elf ». ft. I. Fairy, fay, sprite, imp, urchin, di- minutive spirit. 2. Dwarf, gnome. 3. Imp, urchin, mischief {applied in. sport to a child). Elfish, a. Elf-like, mischievous, elvish. Elicit, V. a. I. Draw out, bring out, educe, evoke, call forth, succeed in obtaining. 2. Bring to light, educe, deduce. Elide, V. a. Cut off (a syllable), strike out, curtail. Eligible, a. I. Desirable, preferable, to be pre- ferred, worthy of choice, fit to be chosen. 2. Legally qualified (for election). Eliminate, v. a. Exclude, remove, expel, reject, eradicate, erase, thrust out, drive out, get clear of, get rid of. Elimination, ft. I. Exclusion, expulsion, rejec- tion. 2. Removal, eradication, erasure. Elite, «■ [Fr.] Flower (^ a .yi'«^/;'), best part, select body. Elixir, ft. I. Cordial. 2. (Med.) Compound tincture. EllE, ft. Moose, moose-deer {Cervus alces or A Ices molchis). Ellipse, ft. I. Closed conic (section). 2. Oval, oval figure, flattened circle, rounded oblong. Ellipsis, ft. Omission, gap, hiatus, lacuna. SptiSa,!- I- Oval, oblong rounded. 2. Relating or belonging to the ellipse, like an ellipse. 3. Defective, incomplete, containing omissions. Elocution, ft. I. Speech, faculty of speech, power of expression. 2. Utterance, delivery, manner of speaking, oral expression. 3. Art of delivery, art of oral expression, read- ing art, declamatory art. ElOge, ft. [Fr.] Eulogy, eulogium, panegyric, funeral oration. Elongate, v. a. Lengthen, stretch, extend, draw out, lengthen out. Elope, V. ft. Abscond (as a wofttaft with a para- fftour), run away, run oflF. Eloquence, «. I. Oratory, art of speaking well, (ift public). 2- Graceful and vigorous utterance, fit words in fit places, appropriate expression. 3. Impassioned utterance, flowing and irnpas- sioned speech, speech full of appropriate feeling. Eloquent, a. I. Persuasive, impressive. 2. Graceful and vigorous. 3. Impassioned, flowing and full of feeling, fluent and powerful. Else, a. or proft. Other. Else, ad. or coftj. I. Otherwise. 2. Besides. Elsewhere, ad. I. In many or several other places. 2. In some other place. 3. In other places. Elucidate, v. a. Explain, illustrate, unfold, make clear, make plain, throw light upon. Elucidation, «. I. Clearing up, elucidating, ex- planation, explaining, illustration, illustrating, unfolding. 2. Explanation, illustration, exposition, com- ment, annotation, commentary, gloss, scholium. Elucidative, a. Explanatory. Elude, V. a. I. Escape, evade, avoid, shun, get away from, steal away from, slip from, slip away from. 2. Baffle, frustrate, foil, balk, thwart, discon- cert, disappoint, escape (ttotice or inquiry)^ remain concealed from. Elusive, a. I. Evasive. See Elusory. 2. Equivocating, shuffling, equivocatory. Elusory, a. Evasive, elusive, delusive, deceptive, fraudulent, fallacious, deceitful, illusory. Elutriate, v. a. Cleanse {as ores, by washiftg)y purify. Elvish, a. Elf-like, mischievous, elfish. Eljsian, a. Charming, delightful, ravishing, en- chanting, blissful, heavenly, celestial, exceedingly happy. Elysium, «. I. The Elysian fields, islands of the blest. 2. Paradise, Eden, delightful place. Emaciate, v. a. Make lean or thm or spare, re- duce in flesh, cause to waste away. Emaciate, v. ft. Waste away, pine, grow lean or thin or spare, become reduced in flesh. Emaciate, \a. Lean, thin, lank, attenuated. Emaciated, ) wasted, gaunt, skinny, meagre, worn to a shadow, reduced to a skeleton. Emaciation, «. Leanness, lankness, meagreness, wasting away, pining away, tabes, tabef action. Emanate, v. a. I. Flow forth continuously, pour out incessantly. 2. Issue, arise, spring, flow, proceed, emerge, go out. Emanation, «. I. Flowing out, issuing, issuance, arising, springing, flowing, emerging, emergence. 2. Efflux, effluence, issue. Emancipate, v. a. Enfranchise, manumit, liber- ate, disenthrall, release, unfetter, unshackle, un- chain, free, set free, set at liberty. Emancipation, «. Enfranchisement, manumission, liberation, release, deliverance. Emasculate, v. a. I. Castrate, geld, glib, deprive of virility, deprive of procreative power. 2. Weaken, enervate, debilitate, unman, effem- inate, effeminize, emoUiate, make effeminate, deprive of native vigor. Emasculation, «. I. Castration, gelding, glib- bing, orchotomy. 2. Weakening, debilitation, enervation, un- manning, eff"emination. 3. Effeminacy, weakness, softness, enervation. Embalm, v. a. I. Preserve from decay {by aro- tnatics or afttiseptics). 2. Preserve, enshrine, cherish, keep unim- paired. 3. Scent, perfume, make fragrant or balmy, fill with balm. Embargo, «. I. Prohibition (o/ vessels to leave port). . . 2. Prohibition (in. gefteral), prohibitory re- striction, ban, restraint, hindrance, embargue- ment. Embargo, v. a. Put under embargo, lay an em- bargo upon, prohibit from leaving port. Emburk, v. a. I. Put on shipboard. EMBARK 141 EMIGRATION 2. Engage, enlist, invest, put. EmtMUrk, v. n. I. Go on shipboard, go on board, go aboard, take ship. 2. Engage, enlist, enter upon, take the first step, go into. Embarrass, v. a. I. Perplex, entangle, beset, make intricate, make difficult. 2. Harass, distress, trouble, vex, annoy, plague, hamper, clog. 3. Confuse, disconcert, abash, confound, non- plus, pose, dumfound, dumfounder. Embarrassment, n. I. Perplexity, difficulty, entanglement. 2. Trouble, distress, vexation, plague. 3. Confusion, abashrnent. Embassy, «. I. Commission, mission, ambassa- dorial office or function. 2. Legation, ambassadors. 3. Ambassadorial residence, legation. Embattle, v. a. I. Arra>r {in order of battU\ set in battle {array), put in line. 2. Make battlements in, fit or adorn with battlements. Embay, v. a. Landlock. Embed, v. a. Bed. Embellish, v. a. Decorate, deck, bedeck, orna- ment, adorn, beautify, set out, set oflF. Embellishment, «. Decoration, ornament, orna- mentation, adornment, adorning, decking, beauti- fying. Embers, n. pi. Cinders, live coals, smouldering remains (of the fire). Embezzle, v. a. Appropriate to one's own use {what is intrusted), misappropriate, purloin, steal, come unlawfully by. Embezzlement, n. Peculation. Embitter, v. a. [Written also Imbitter.'] 1. Make bitter or more bitter. 2. Make unhappy or grievous or distressing. 3. Aggravate, exacerbate, render more severe or bitter or poignant or violent or malignant. 4. Exasperate, anger, make hostile, madden, enrage, exacerbate- Emblaze, v. a. I.^ Blazon. See Emblazon, i. 2. Kindle, set in a blaze or ablaze. 3. Adorn with glittering ornaments, make glitter or eleam or shine. 4. Display, blazon, make ostentation of. Emblazon, v, a. I. Blazon, emblaze, adorn with ensigns armorial. 2. Deck {with showy ornaments), decorate, adorn, embellish, emblaze, set off, set out 3. Celebrate, laud, sing, sing the praises of. Emblazonry, n. I. Heraldry, blazonry. 2. Heraldic ornaments. Emblem, n. Type, symbol, sign, representation, token, badge, mark, device, cognizance, allusive figure. Emblematic, ) a. Typical, figurative, repre- Emblematical, ) sentative, symbolical, allu- sive. Emblematize, v. a. Symbolize, typify, represent by an emblem, emblemize, emblematicize. Embodiment, ». I. Embodying, etc. See the verb. 2. Bodily presentation, material representation, realization, incorporation. Embody, v,a. I. Invest with a body, make cor- poreal, form into a body, incarnate. 2. Incorporate, concentrate, compact, inte- grate, combine, collect into a whole, draw into one mass. 3. Comprehend, include, embrace, comprise, contain. 4. Systematize, methodize, codify. Embogne, v. «. {Said of rivers.] Discharge, empty, fall. Embolden, v. a. Encourage, animate, inspirit, reassure, make bold, give courage to. Embolism, n. I. Intercalation, mterpolation {^oj time). 2. Time or period intercalated. 3. {Med.) Obstruction, stoppage. Embollsmic, \a. Intercalated, intercalary, in- Embolismical, J terpolated, inserted, embolic, embolismal, embolismatic (al). Embonpoint, «. [Fr.] Plumpness, fleshiness, fatness, corpulence, corpulency, obesity, stout- ness, rotundity. Embosom, v. a. Enfold, enwrap, surround, en- velop, hide, conceal, bury. EmbOSSf V. a. I. Adorn with raised work, orna- ment in relief. 2. Cover with bosses or protuberances or relief. Embossment, n. I. Embossing. See the verb. 2. Protuberance, jut, prominence, raised work, figure in relief. Embonchore, n. [Fr.] I. Mouth {as of a river). 2. (Mus.) Aperture {of an instrument), mouthpiece. Embowed, p. a. Bent, curved, arched, bowed, arcuated, arcuate. Embowel, v. a. I. Eviscerate, disembowel, paunch, gut, take out the bowels or entrails of, free from the viscera. 2. Embed, bury, hide, conceal. Embrace, v. a. I. Clasp in the arms, hug, press to the bosom, fold to the heart. 2. Welcome, seize, accept, lay hold on, accept 'Tfer 3. Comprehend, include, cover, contain, com- prise, enclose, encompass, encircle, embody, uke in. Embrace, «. Hug, clasp. Embroider, v. a. Adom with needle-work. Embroidery, «. Variegated needle-work. Embroil, v. a. I. Entangle, ensnarl, implicate, commingle, involve. 2. Disturb, perplex, confuse, distract, trouble, disorder, discompose, throw into disorder, bring into difficulty. Embryo, «. I. Germ, rudiment, embryon. 2. Rudimentary state, first stage, beginning. Embryo, a. Embryotic, embryonic, embryon, embryonal, embryonate, embryous, rudimentary, undeveloped. Embryotic, a. See Embryo, a. Emend, v. a. Improve the text of, subject to textual criticism, supply with improved readings. Emendation, «. Correction of the text, rectifica- tion of the text, improved reading. Emerge, v. n. I. Rise {out of a fluid), come up. 2. Issue, emanate, escape, come forth. 3. Appear, become visible, rise into view. Emergence, «. Emerging. See the verb. Emergency, ». I. Exigency, urgency, necessity, crisis, pinch, pass, push, strait, difficulty, extrem- ity, pressing necessity. 2. Juncture, conjuncture, crisis, pass, turn of events. 3. Unforeseen occasion, sudden or unexpected occurrence. Emersion, «. I. Emerging, rising, emergence. 2. (Astron.) ^ Reappearance {after eclipse). Emetic, «• Vomit, vomitory, puke. Emente, «. [Fr.] Riot, popular outbreak, sedi- tious commotion, uprising, tumult. Emication, n. Scintillation, sparkling. Emigrate, v. n. Migrate, remove {from one country to settle in another). Emigration, «. I. Migration, removal, exodus. 2. Body of emigrants. Eminence 14^ ENCHANT Eminence, n. I. Prominence, projection, prota- berance. 2. Elevation, hill, elevated ground, high point. 3. Exaltation, celebrity, distinction, promi- nence, conspicuousness, loftiness, note, renown, repute, reputation, fame, high rank or position, great station, celebrity, preferment. 4. Supreme degree, superiority, marked degree. Eminency, n. {Rare.) Same as Eminence, 3 and 4. Eminent, «. I. High, lofty, elevated. 2. Distinguished, conspicuous, celebrated, prominent, illustrious, exalted, famous, renowned, remarkable, of great repute. £missai7, «. I, Messenger, spy, scout, secret agent. 2. Outlet {Jar water), discharging channel. Emission, n. I. Emitting, sending out, throwing out. 2. Issue, issuing, issuance, putting into circu- lation. 3. Bills or amount issued, issue. Emit, V. a. I. Eject, discharge, exhale, breathe, breathe out, send forth, throw out, give out. 2. Issue (/or circulation), put into circulation. Emmet, n. Ant, pismire. Emolliate, v. a. Soften, efEeminate, emasculate, make effeminate. Emollient, a. Softening, relaxing, soothing. Emolument, n. I. Gain, lucre, pay, compensa- tion, remuneration, profits, wages, salary, stipend, income, hire, pecuniary profit. 2. Advantage, profit, benefit. Emotion, «. Feeling, passion, excitement {0/ sen- sibility), mental agitation. Empawn, v. a. Pawn, pledge, put in pawn. Emphasis, n. I. Stress (', competition, desire to excel, desire of superiority. 2. Envy, jealousy, contention, envious strife. Emulous, a. I. Competing, rivalling. 2. Very desirous or eager to excel or equal. 3. Contentious, envious, jealous. 4. [With <2/ij Very desirous, eager. Emunctorles, «. pi. Excretory ducts. Enable, v. a. Empower, qualify, capacitate, make able, make capable, render capable. Enact, V. a. I, Ordain, decree, establish by law, pass into a law, give legislative sanction to. 2. Play, act, personate, represent, act the part of. Enactment, «. I. Enacting. See the verb. 2. Law, act, decree, edict, ordinance. Enamour, v. a. Charm, captivate, fascinate, be- witch, inflame with love. Enarthrosis, M. (Anat.) Ball-and-socket joint. Encage, v. a. [Written also Incage.^ Confine, coop, coop up. Encamp, v. n. Camp, pitch one's camp, pitch camp, pitch one's tent. Encamp, v. a. Place in a camp, put in camp. Encampment, «. Camp. Enceinte, a. [Fr.] Pregnant, with child, in the family way. Enchain, v. a. I. Bind, shackle, manacle, en- slave, hold in chains, hold in bondage. 2. Hold, rivet, fix, hold fast. Enchant, v. a. I. Practise sorcery upon, cast a spell on, throw under a spell, bind by incantations, fascinate, bewitch, charm, practise charms upon. 2. Charm, captivate, fascinate, bewitch, enam- our, win, catch, lead captive. 3. Charm, delight, enrapture, rapture, ravish, enravish, beatify, transport, fill with bliss. ENCHANTING 143 ENDOWMENT Enchanttng, a. Charming, captivating, fascinat- ing, bewitching, delightful, rapturous, enraptur- ing, blissful, ravishing, Circean. EncSanter, n. I. Charmer, magician, sorcerer, necromancer. 2. Charmer, the one who delights, captivates, or fascinates. Enchantment, «. I. Enchanting, overpowering by magic or spells or incantations or sorcery, putting under a spell, incantation, fascination, charmmg. 2. Incantation^ conjuration, necromancy, magic, sorcery, witchery, spell, charm. 3. Delight, fascination, rapture, ravishment, transport, bliss. Enchantress, «. I. Sorceress, witch. 2. Charmer, inamorata, fair enslaver. Enchase, v. a. I. Enclose (as a gem in gold), infix, set, encircle. 2. Chase, emboss. Enchiridion, n. Manual, hand-book. Encircle, v. a. I, Surround, encompass, environ, gird, belt, engird, enclose. 2. Embrace, fold, clasp, enfold. Enclose, v. a. [Written also Inclose.'\ I. Encir- cle, surround, encompass, imbosom, circumscribe, shut in, fence in. 2. Cover, envelop, wrap. Enclosure, «. [Written also Inclosure.\ I. En- closing. 2. Being enclosed. 3. Thing enclosed. 4. Circle, compass, space enclosed. 5. Yard, compound. Encomiast, n. Eulogist, panegyrist, praiser, ex- toller. Encomiastic, ) a. Panegyrical, eulogistic, laud- Encomiastlcal, \ atory, commendatory. Encomlom, n. Praise, eulogy, eulogium, laudation, commendation, panegyric, good word. Encompass, v. a. I. Surround, environ, compass, gird, engird, belt, encircle, enclose. 2. Invest, beset, besiege, surround, hem in, wall in, lay siege to. Encore, ad. [Fr.] Again, once more. Encounter, «. I. Meeting, rencounter, clash, collision. 2. Attack, onset, assault. 3. Conflict, combat, fight, contest, battle, en- gagement, action, skirmish, brush, aflEair. Encoimter, v. a. I. Meet {suddenly), meet face to face. 2. Confront, face. 3. Meet with, fall upjon, come upon. 4. Attack, engage with, contend against, join battle with, cope with, compete with, struggle with, strive with, fight with. Encounter, v. «. Clash, skirmish, rencounter, fight, come into collision. £ncourag:e, v. a. I. Embolden, inspirit, animate, enhearten, hearten, stimulate, cheer, mcite, as- sure, reassure, comfort, console, Ijuoy up. 2. Support, favor, countenance, further, ad- vance, promote, foster, aid, help, abet, patron- ize, help forward. Encourager, «. Favorer, promoter, supporter, patron. Encroach, v. n. I. Trespass, intrude, infringe, trench, make inroad, make invasion. 2. Creep, advance stealthily, overtake unawares. Encroachment, n. Infringement, trespass, in- road, invasion. Encumber, v. a. I. Load, clog, oppress, impede, hinder, obstruct, overload, burden. 2. Embarrass, perplex, entangle, involve, complicate. Encumbrance, «• [Written also Incumbrance. l 1. Load, clog, impediment, hindrance, dead- weight, drag. 2. Debt, claim, liability. Encyclic, \a. Circular, addressed to the dr- Eucyclical, i cuit (of churches, officicds, etc.). EncycUc, i «. Circular letter {especially of the Encyclical, / Pope). Encyclopaedia, «. Cyclopaedia. Encyclopzedian, a. See Encyclopedic. Encyclopedic, la. That embraces the whole Encyclopedical, j circle of learning, all-embrac- ing, comprehensive, exhaustive, encyclopedian. Encysted, a. Enclosed in a cyst or sac. End, n. I. Extremity, extreme point. 2. Close, cessation, period, expiration, ^noi^fy finis, last, fall of the curtain. 3. Conclusion, completion. 4. Termination, bound, limit. 5. Final state, ultimate condition. 6. Result, event, consequence, sequel, up- shot, (final) issue. 7. Fragment, scrap, remnant 8. Aim, purpose, object, design, drift, bearing, intent, intention, view, final cause. End, V. a. I. Terminate, conclude, finish, close, put an end to, bring to an end, make an end of, cut short, wind up. 2. Destroy, kill, put to death. End, V. n. I, Conclude, terminate, cease, be fin- ished, come to an end, come to a close, wind up. 2. Close, conclude a discourse, cease speaking. Endanger, v. a. Hazard, risk, peril, jeopardize, commit, compromise, expose to danger, put at hazard, put in peril, put in jeopardy. Endear, v. a. Attach, make dear, secure the affection of, bind by ties of affection, gain the love of. Endearment, «. I. Endearing, attaching, attach- ment, making dear. 2. Fondness, tenderness, attachment, love, tender affection, close tie, fond attachment. 3. Caressing, caress, blandishment, fondling. Endeavor, «. Effort, attempt, essay, trial, strug- gle, exertion, aim. Endeavor, v. n. Try, attempt, essay, labor, strive, aim, make an effort, make an attempt- indemiSa, } "• ^^''''^ Of a particular district. Endemic, «. {Med. ) Endemic disease. Endless, a. I. Interminable, illimitable, unlim- ited, boundless, limitless, immeasurable, infinite, without end or limit or bound. 2. Eternal, everlasting, perpetual, unending, never-ending, without end. 3. Uninterrupted, incessant, ceaseless, unceas- ing, perpetual, continual, continuous, eternal, without break or interruption. 4. Immortal, undying, deathless, ever-living, ever-enduring, never-dying, imperishable, eter- nal enduring forever. 5. Objectless, without purpose or design. Endorse, v. a. [Written also Indorsees I. Su- perscribe, write on tlie back of. 2. {Com.) Guarantee {ly superscription) ^ become surety for, become responsible for. 3. Sanction, warrant, confirm, ratify, guarantee, vouch for. Endosmose, I «. Inward osmose, transudation Endosmosis, | inward. Endow, V. a. I. Furnish with a dowry, settle a dower upon. 2. Furnish with a fund, supply with means. 3. Enrich, endue, indue, invest, gift. Endowment, «. I. Gift, grant, bequest, boon, largess, bounty, present. 2. Property, fund, revenue. ENDUE 144 ENJOY 3. Talent, faculty, quality, power, ability, capacity, capability, aptitude, parts, genius, qualilication, gift. Endue, v. a. [Written also Indue.^ Supply, in- vest, clothe, endow, enrich. Endurable, a. Tolerable, bearable. Endurance, n. I. Bearing, suffering, sufferance, tolerance, toleration. 2. Patience, fortitude, resignation. 3. Continuance, continuation, lastingness, permanence, persistence. Endure, v. a. I. Bear, sustain, support, bear up under. 2. Suffer, undergo, experience, go through. 3. Brook, tolerate, abide, submit to, put up with, bear with, take patiently or easily. Endure, v. n. I. Remain, continue, persist, last, abide, be permanent, be durable. 2. Bear, suffer, submit, resign one's self, be patient, take it patiently, take it easily <>r quietly, not fret about it. Enema, «. {Med.) Clyster, glyster, injection, lavement. Enemy, «. I. Foe, adversary. 2. Opponent, antagonist. 3. [With The prefixed.] Satan, arch-fiend. See Devil. Energetic, a. Vigorous, active, forcible, power- ful, strong, effective, efficacious, potent. Energize, v. n. I. Act, be active, be in action or operation, operate. 2. Act with vigor, act forcibly. Energize, v. a. Give energy to, give force to, ex- cite to action. Energy, n I. Force, power, might, efficacy, potency, efficiency, strength, activity, intensity. 2. Spirit, spiritedness, animation, life, vigor, manliness, zeal, pluck, bottom, animal spirits. 3. {Mech.) Capacity of work, mechanical value, vis viva. Enervate, v. a. Unnervey weaken, enfeeble, effeminate, effeminize, emasculate, debilitate, paralyze, break, deprive of force or strength, render feeble. EufeeUe, v. a. Weaken, unnerve. See Ener- vate. Enfilade, v. a. {Mil.) Rake with shot. Enforce, v. a. I. Give force to, urge with energy, set forth strongly, impress on the mind. 2. Put in execution, put in force, compel obedience to, have executed or obeyed. 3. Constrain, compel, oblige, force, require. Enforcement, «. I. Inculcation. 2. Sanction. 3. Execution, putting in force. 4. Constraint, compulsion. EnfrancMse, v. a. I. Admit as a free man, endow with a franchise. 2. Free, emancipate, manumit, release, set free, make free, restore to liberty. Engage, v. a. l. Pledge, commit, promise, bind, put under pledge. 2. Plight, affiance, betroth, promise or pledge in marriage. 3. Enlist, induce to serve. 4. Gain, win, attach, attract, allure, entertain, draw, fix, arrest, gain over. 5. Occupy, employ, busy, engross. 6. Attack, encounter, fight with, join battle with. Engage, v.n. I. Fight, combat, contend, strug- gle, contest, join battle. 2. Embark, enlist, take the first step. 3. Promise, agree, stipulate, bargain, under- take, pledge one's word, plight one's word, pass one's word, pledge one's self, become bound, be sworn, take upon one's self. Engagement, n, I. Promise, stipulation, assur- ance, contract, pledge, obligation. 2. Plighting, betrothal, betrothment, affiancing. 3. Employment, occupation, business, calling, vocation, avocation. 4. Battle, conflict, combat, contest, action, fight, encounter, rencounter. Engaging, a. Attractive, winning, captivating, charming, taking, pleasing. Engender, v. a. I. Generate, beget, procreate, breed. 2. Produce, cause, occasion, beget, generate, breed, give rise to, call forth. Engine, n. I. Machine. 2. Implement, instrument, weapon, agent, means. Enginery, «. I. Engines, machines, {especially) artillery. 2. Mechanism, machinery, mechanical con- trivances. 3. Contrivances, schemes, devices, machina- tions, artifices, system of artifice. Engird, v. a. Surround, environ, gird, begird, encircle, encompass. English, n. I. English people. 2. English language. Engorge, v. a. I. Gorge, devour, swallow up, ly, gulp down. 2. {Med.) Fillto excess, stuff, glut, obstruct. swallow eagerl; Engorge, v. n. Devour food, feed greedily, be gluttonous. Ei^orgement, n. I. Engorging. 2. {Med.) Congestion, obstruction, plethora, plethoric condition, over-fulness. Engrain, v. a. [Written also Ingrain.'\ I. Dye in the grain, dye deep. 2. Incorporate with the grain, lodge in the very fibre. 3. Grain, paint in imitation of wood. Engrave, v. a. I. Mark with incisions, cut, chisel, carve, grave. 2. Imprint, infix, grave, impress deeply. Engraving, «. I. Cutting, carving, chiselling, incising, marking with incisions. 2. Engraver's art, graver's art. 3. Engraved plate. 4. Print. Engross, v. a. I. Absorb, engage, occupy, take up. 2. Monopolize, forestall. _ 3. Copy in large hand, write out fair. Engrossment, n. I. Absorption, monopoly, forestalling. 2. Engrossed copy. Engulf, V. a. [Written also Jngulf.l Absorb, swallow up. Enhance, v. a. I. Raise {as frice), advance, heighten, swell. 2. Increase, augment, aggravate. Enhearten^ v. a. Encourage, embolden, animate, hearten, inspirit, cheer, incite, stimulate, assure, reassure, comfort, console, buoy up. Enigma, «. Riddle, puzzle, dark saying, obscure question. Enigmatic, ) a. Obscure, mysterious, mystic, Enigmatical, ) mystical, dark, occult, recon- dite, ambiguous, hidden, unintelligible, incom- prehensible, puzzling, perplexing. Enjoin, v. a. I. Urge or admonish or advise with authority or authoritatively. 2. Order, direct, bid, command, require, pre- scribe to. 3. {Law.) Prohibit, restrain, put an injunc- tion on. Enjoy, V. a. [With a personal object only in sense 3.] I. Take pleasure in, be delighted with, take delight in, derive pleasure fi-om. ENJOYMENT 145 ENTANGLE r 2. Have fruition of, have the advantage or blessing of. 3. Have sexual delight with, have intercourse with. Enjoyment, n. I. Pleasure, gratification, delight, happiness. 2. Fruition, satisfactory or advantageous or beneficent possession. Enjoy one's self. Be happy, have pleasure. Enkindle, v. a. I. Inflame, ignite, kindle, set on fire. 2. Inflame, incite, excite, rouse, stimulate, instigate, provoke, stir up, set on. Enlargfe, v. a. I. Increase, augment, extend, expand, magnify, amplify, make larger, make greater. 2. Greaten, engreaten, ennoble, expand, give larger scope to, make more comprehensive. Enlarge, v. n. I. Expatiate, dilate, descant, speak at length, launch out. 2. Increase, swell, grow, extend, expand, grow larger. Enlars:ement, n. I. Expansiot), dilatation, dila- tion, extension, augmentation, increase. 2. Expatiation, copious discourse, extended remark. EnUghten, v. a. I. Illuminate, illume, illumine, irradiate, make light, make luminous, supply with light. 2. Instruct, inform, teach, make intelligent, render more intelligent. Enlightened, a. Instructed, informed, educated, intelligent, refined, highly civilized, freed from ignorance. Enliglltennient, «. Instruction, illumination. Enlist, V. a. I. Enroll, register, record, list 2. Engage, induce to serve, secure the assist- ance of. 3. Engage for military or naval service, enroll in the army or navy, recruit. Enlist, V. n. I. List, enroll one's celf. 2. Embark, engage, pledge one's assistance. 3. Take service in the army or navy, enroll one's self in the army or navy. Enlistment, n. I. Enrolment. 2. Taking or going into military service, recruiting. Enliven, s'. '^*^'^) See Evening. Even, a, I. Smooth, level, plane, flat. 2. Uniform, equable, equal, calm, steady, unruffled. 3. On a level, on the same level. 4. Fair, just, equitable. 5. Divisible by two. Even, ad. I. Exactly, verily, just. 2. At the very time. 3. Likewise, in like manner, not only so, bat also. 4. Strange to say. 5. So much as. Even-handed, a. Impartial, fair, equitable, just Evening, «. Eve, even, eventide, nightfall, dusk, twilight, close of the day, fall of day, decline of day. going down of the sun. Evening S&r. Vesper, Hesper, Hesperus, Venus. Event, n. I. Occurrence, incident, fact, circum- stance. 2. Adventure, affair, marked occurrence. 3. _ Result, issue, consequence, end, conclusion, termination. Eventful, a. Full of incidents, stirring, memora- ble, signal, momentous, important, critical, remarkable. Eventual, a. I. Final, ultimate. 2. Contingent, conditional, possible. Eventuate, v. «. I. issue, terminate, close, end, result. 2. Result, come about, come to pass, happen, occur, take place, fall out. Ever, ad. I. At any time. 2. Always, evermore, perpetually, continually, eternally, aye, for aye, forever, at all times, to the end of time, through all ages, till doomsday. Ever and anon. Often, every now and then, at short intervals. Ever-during, a. Enduring forever. See Ever- lasting. Everlasting^ a. I. Endless, unendins:, ever-during, perpetual, incessant, ceaseless, continual, uninter- rupted, interminable, unceasing, never-ceasing, never-ending, eternal. 2. Imperishable, undving, never-dying, ever- living, deathless, immortal. 3. {Colloq.) Continual, ceaseless, unintermit- EVERLASTING 152 EX CATHEDRA ting, perpetual, constant, never remitted, unin- terrupted. Everlasting, «. I. Eternity. 2. Cudweed, goldylocks, immortelle. Ever-living, a. Eternal, immortal, undying, deathless, never-dying, everlasting. Evermore, ad. I. Always, forever, ever, perpet- ually, continually, aye, for aye, at all times, to the end of time, through all ages, eternally, world without end. 2. At all times, continually, always. Every, a. Each {^of several). Every-day, a. Common, customary, usual, wonted, accustomed, habitual, commonplace. Every now and then. Often, at short intervals, ever and anon, from time to time. Everywhere, ad. In every place, in all places, right and left, far and near, far and wide, throughout the world, all the world over, in every quarter, in all quarters, in all lands; here, there, and everywhere ; from pole to pole, from China to Peru. Evict, V. a. (Law.) Dispossess. Eviction, «. {Law.) Dispossession, deprivation. Evidence, «. Testimony, proof, ground of belief. Evidence, v. a. Prove, show, manifest, evince, make manifest, make clear. Evident, a. Plain, clear, manifest, apparent, ob- vious, palpable, patent, unmistakable. Evidential, a. Indicative, evidentiary, evincive, demonstrative. Evidentiary, a. See Evidential. Evil, a. I. Bad, ill. 2. Wicked, sinful, vicious, corrupt, perverse, wrong, base, vile, nefarious, malicious, malign, bad. 3. Mischievous, hurtful, harmful, injurious, pernicious, destructive, baneful, noxious, dele- terious, bad. ^ 4. Unhappy, unfortunate, adverse, unpropi- tious, disastrous, calamitous, woful, bad. Evil, n. I. Calamity, ill, woe, misery, pain, suffer- ing, sorrow, misfortune, disaster, reverse. 2. Wickedness, sin, depravity, malignity, wicked disposition, corruption, wrong, vicious- ness, baseness, badness. 3. Wrong, injury, mischief, harm. Evil-doer, «. Sinner, criminal, malefactor, cul- prit, offender, delinquent, wrong-doer. Evil one. Devil, Satan, Lucifer, Belial, Apollyon, Arch-fiend, the Tempter, the Man of Sin, the Wicked One, the Old Serpent, the Prince of Darkness, the Foul Fiend, the Enemy. See Apollyon. Evince, v. a. I. Prove, show, evidence, mani- fest, establish, make evident, make clear. 2. Exhibit, indicate, manifest, show, display, bring to view. Evincive, a. Demonstrative, indicative, eviden- tial, evidentiary. Eviscerate, v. a. Disembowel, embowel, paunch, gut, take out the bowels of. Evoke, V. a. I. Summon, call forth, call up, summon forth. 2. Excite, arouse, elicit, call out, rouse, provoke. Evplution, «. I. Evolving, unfolding, expan- sion, evolvement, development. 2. Descent by continuous difTerentiation, de- velopment, doctrine of development, ascent from simplicity to complexity. 3. {Mil.) Afovement, marching. 4. (Math.) Extraction of roots. 5. (Geom.) Unfolding, unrolling (^a f»rT'^). Evolve, V. a. Unroll, unfold, expand, open, develop. Evdvemeilt, n. See Evolution, i. Ezacert>ate, v. a. I. Irritate, exasperate, pro voke, embitter, inflame, excite, infuriate, enrage. 2. Aggravate, heighten, increase. Exacerbation, ». I. Exasperation, provoca- tion, irritation. 2. Aggravation, increase, heightening. Exact, a. I. Strict, rigid, rigorous, severe, scrupulous. 2. Precise, without the least error. 3. Accurate, correct, close, literal, faithful. 4. Accurate, critical, nice. 5. Methodical, regular, precise, careful, punc- tilious, punctual, orderly. Exact, V. a. I. Extort, require authoritatively. 2. Claim, demand. Exaction, «. I. Extortion. 2. Contribution (demanded), tribute. Exactitude, «. See Exactness. Exactness, «. I. Accuracy, correctness, fault- lessness, precision, nicety, faithfulness, fidelity, rigor, exactitude. 2. Strictness, regularity, method, scrupulosity, rigidness, precision, scrupulousness, carefulness. Exaggerate, v. a. Overstate, overcharge, strain, stretch, overstrain, overcolor, depict extrava- gantly, color too highly. Exaggeration, «. Hyperbole, overstatement, stretching, extravagant statement, high coloring. Exalt, V. a. I. Raise, elevate, erect, lift up, raise high or on high or aloft, make lofty. 2. Ennoble, dignify, aggrandize, elevate. 3. Praise (highly), extol, magnify, glorify, bless. Exaltation, n. Elevation, dignity, loftiness, no- bility, dignity, grandeur. Examination, n. I. Inspection, observation. 2. Inquiry, search, research, scrutiny, investi- gation, inquisition. 3. Trial by questions (in order to elicit truth or to test qualijications), test. Examine, v. a. I. Inspect, observe. 2. Scrutinize, investigate, study, consider, canvass, test, inquire into, search into, look into, inquire about. 3. Interrogate (in order to elicit truth or to test qualifications^ catechise, put questions to. Examiner, «. I. Inspector. 2. Inquirer, investigator. 3. Conductor of examinations, questioner, catechiser. Example, «. I. Pattern, copy, model, archetype, prototype. 2. Precedent. 3. Instance, illustration, exemplification, case in point. Exanimate, a. I. Lifeless, dead, defunct, inani- mate. 2. Inanimate, torpid, inert, sluggish, spiritless. Exanthem, «. _ (Med.) Rash, eruption, efflo- rescence, breaking out, exanthema. Exant-ema, «. [Gr.. pi. Exanthemata.'] See EXANTHEM. Exasperate, v. a. I. Irritate, provoke, chafe, vex, nettle, incense, anger, affront, offend, en- rage, make angry, aggravate. 2. Exacerbate, aggravate, inflame, render more violent. Exasperation, n. I. Irritation, provocation, exacerbation. 2. Wrath, anger, rage, ire, fury, violent passion. 3. Aggravation, exacerbation, increase, height- ening, worsening. Ex cathedra, a. [L.] I. Authoritative, formal, official, from the bench, from high authority. 2. Dogmatic, magisterial, dictatorial. EX CATHEDRA 153 EXCORIATION / Ex cathedra* ad. [L.] I. Authoritatively, for- mally, officially, from the bench. 2. Dogmatically, magisterially, dictatorially. Excavate, v. a. Hollow, hollow out, scoop out, dig out, cut out. Excavation, «. I. Excavating. See the verb. 2. Cutting, cavity, hollow, cut. Exceed, v. a. I. Transcend, surpass, cap, go beyond. 2. Excel, outdo, outstrip, outvie, surpass, be superior to. Exceed, v. n. I. Go too far, overstep the proper limit. 2. Be the greater, bear the greater propor- tion, predominate, preponderate. Exce^ingly, ad. Very, highly, greatly, ex- tremely, vastly, beyond measure, to a great or unusual degree. Excel, V. a. I. Surpass, outdo, outvie, outrival, outstrip, beat, be superior to, cast in the shade, throw into the shade, eclipse. 2. Exceed, transcend, cap, go beyond, sur- pass. Excel, V. H. Win eminence, gain or have excel- lence, surpass others, attain superiority, win or acquire distinction, be superior, be eminent, bear the palm, bear the bell, take precedence. Excellence, «. I. Superiority, eminence, distinc- tion, pre-eminence, transcendence. 2. Good quality, superior quality, superior goodness, superiority. 3. Valuable point or property or character- istic, advantage, good point, good quality, valua- ble feature or trait. 4. Worth, goodness, uprightness, probity, purity. Excellent, a. I. Superior, eminent, first-rate, prime, admirable, choice, crack, of the best, of the first water, of the first grade, of the best quality, of the highest order, extremely good. 2. Virtuous, worthy, estimable, admirable, thoroughly good, highly deserving, worthy of gre^t praise. Except, V. a. Exclude, reject, omit, leave out, do not include. Except,^ V. n. Object, make objection, take exception. Except, prep. Excepting, excluding, save, leaving out, with the exception of. Except, conj. Unless, unless it be that, if it be not that. Exception»^ «. I. Exclusion, omission, leaving cut, non-inclusion. 2. Objection. 3. Irritated objection, affront, offence. 4. Instance to be excepted, unusual case, anomalous case, anomaly, deviation from the rule. Exceptionable, a. Objectionable, open to ob- jection. Exceptional, a. Irregular, unusual, rare, un- common, unnatural, peculiar, anomalous, ab- normal, aberrant, exceptive. Exceptive, a. See Exceptional. Excerpt, «. Extract, quotation, dtation, se- lected passage. Excerpt, v. a. Extract, select, cite, quote, take. Excess, H. I, Superfluity, redundance, redun- dancy, superabundance, disproportion, undue amount. 2. Surplus, overplus, remainder. 3. Intemperance, immoderation, over-indul- gence, dissoluteness, dissolute behavior or living, dissipation, debauchery. 4. Extravagance, immoderation, overdoing. Excesses, «. pi. I, Debauchery, orgies, revels, saturnalia. 2. Rages, furies, cruelties, brutalities, enor- mities. Excessive, a. I. Superabundant, disproportion- ate, undue, too great, superfluous, exuberant. 2. Extravagant, inordinate, enormous, out- rageous, unreasonable, very great. 3. Immoderate, intemperate, extreme. 4. Vehement, violent. Exchange, v. a. I, Barter, commute, trade {oj^ or away), swap, truck, change. 2. Interchange, bandy, give and take re- ciprocally. Exchange, «. I. Barter, traffic, trade, com- mutation. 2. Interchange, reciprocity. 3. Bourse. Excise, n. Inland duty, tax upon home products, internal tax or impost or revenue. Excision, n. ^ Extirpation, eradication, destruc- tion, extermination, cutting out or oS or up. Excitability, n. I. Sensibility, sensitiveness. 2. Irritability, irascibility, passionateness, hot temper. Excitable, a. I. Sensitive, susceptible, impres- sible. ' 2. Irascible, irritable, passionate, choleric, hasty, hot-tempered, quick-tempered. Excite, V. a. I. Arouse, rouse, awaken, evoke, provoke, call forth, stimulate, incite, animate, kindle, inflame, brew, stir up. 2. Raise, create, evoke, elicit, give rise to, put in motion. 3. Disturb, agitate, discompose, irritate, pro- voke. Excitement, «. I. Excitation, exciting. See the verb, under i and 2. 2. Incitement, motive, stimulus. 3. Agitation, perturbation, commotion, sen- sation. 4. Irritation, warmth, heat, violence, choler, passion. Exclaim, v. n. Vociferate, shout, call, cry out, call aloud. Exclamation, «. I. Vociferation, outcry, ejacu- lation, clamor. 2. \Rhet.) Ecphonesis, interjection. Exclude, V. a. I. Bar, debar, preclude, reject, shut out. 2. Prohibit, restrain, hinder, withhold. 3. Except, omit, not include. 4. Expel, eject, extrude, thrust out. Exclusion, n. I. Preclusion, rejection. 2. Prohibition. 3. Exception, omission, non-inclusion. 4. Expulsion, ejection. Exclusive, a. I. Excluding, debarring. 2. Illiberal, selfish, narrow, uncharitable, narrow-minded. 3. Fastidious {in social relations), invidiously choice, cliquish, snobbish, aristocratic. 4. Sole, only, special. Exclusive of. Over and above, in addition to, not to mention, not to take into account, except- ing, not Including, to the exclusion of, without including. Excogitate, v. a. Think out, make up, invent, contrive, imagine, create. Excommunicate, v. a. Dismiss or expel {from the Church), denounce, proscribe, anathematize, expel from fellowship, exscind- Excommunication, n. Dismission or expulsion {from, the Church), denunciation, proscription, anathema, ban. Excoriate, v. a. Flay, skin, pall, scar, scarify, score, gouge out, abrade, stnp the skin from. ^ Excoriation, n. Flaying, skinning, scarification, abrasion. EXCREMENT 154 EXERT ONE S SELF Ezcrementt «. I. Excretion, excreted matter. 2. Dung, faeces, ordure, dejectious, alviue dis- charges. Excremental, a. Excrementitious, excrementitial. Excrementitialt a. Excremental, excrementitious. Excrementitious, a. Excremental, excrementitial. Excrescence, n. I, Wart, tumor, morbid protu- berance or growth. 2. Superriuity, useless outgrowth, deforming attachment or appendage. Excrescent, a. Fungous. Excrete, v. a. Separate, discharge, eject, throw off. Excretion, «. I. Separation, discharge. 2. Excrement, excreted matter. Excretive, a. Excretory. Excretory, a. Excretive. Excruciate, v. a. Torture, torment, rack, agonize. Excruciating, a. Torturing, tormenting, agoniz- ing, very painful. Excruciation, «. Torture, torment, agony, anguish. Exculpate, v. a. Absolve, exonerate, acquit, clear, vindicate, set right. Exculpation, «. Exoneration, vindication, clearing. Exculpatory, a. Excusatory, vindicative, vindi- catory, exonerative. Excursion, n. I. Journey, tour, trip, expedition, ramble, jaunt. 2. Digression, episode. Excursive, a. Rambling, wandering, roving, roaming, devious, erratic. Excursus, n. [L.] Dissertation, disquisition, discussion {entered by way of appendix). Excusable, a. Pardonable, venial. Excusatory, a. I. Apologetical. 2. Vindicative, vindicatory, exculpatory, exon- erative. Excuse, V. a. I. Pardon, forgive, acquit, absolve, exculpate, exonerate. 2. Extenuate, justify, form or constitute an apology or excuse for. 3. Exempt, release, free, let off. 4. Overlook, regard indulgently, treat as venial. 5. [With self.^ Clear, vindicate, exculpate, exonerate, make defence or apology for, set right. Excuse, «. I. Apology, plea, justification, abso- lution. 2. Pretext, pretence, color, guise, disguise, semblance, makeshift, subterfuge, evasion, false show. Execrable, a. I, Detestable, hateful, odious, ab- horrent, damnable, cursed, accursed, abominable, villanous. 2. Offensive, disgusting, obnoxious, nauseous, nauseating, sickening, repulsive, revolting, loath- some, vile. Execrate, v. a. I. Curse, imprecate ill upon, call down curses on. 2. Abominate, detest, hate, abhor. Execration, n. I. Curse, malediction, ban, anath- ema, imprecation of evil. 2. Detestation, abhorrence, abomination, horror, loathing. 3. Thing detested, abominated, or abhorred, curse, horror. Execute, v. a. I. Accomplish, effect, effectuate, perform, do, consummate, finish, complete, achieve, carry out, carry through, carry into effect, work out. 2. Put to death {in pursuance of a judicial sentence^. 3. {Law.) Sign, seal, and deliver {as a deed). Execution, n. I. Performance, operation, accom- plishment, achievement, completion, consumma- tion. 2. Effect, something done. 3. Mode of performance. 4. Writ or warrant {for carrying out a Judg- ment or sentence). 5. Capital punishment, punishment of death. 6. Destruction, damage, destructive effect. Executive, a. Executory, charged with execution or carrying into effect. Executive, n. I. Chief magistrate, administrative head, head of government, head of affairs, head of the nation. 2. Administration, administrative body, body charged with administration or the execution of the laws. Executory, a. I. Executive. 2. {Law.) To be executed. Exegesis, «. I. Exegetics, hermeneutics, science of mterpretation. 2. Interpretation, exposition, explanation. Exegetic, \ a. Explanatory, expository, herme- Exegetical, ) neutical, explicative, explicatory, interpretative. Exegetics, «. Exegesis, science of interpretation, hermeneutics. Exemplar, «. Pattern, model, copy, example, prototype, archetype. Exemplary, a. I. Worthy of imitation, fit for a pattern. 2. Pattern-like, closely adherent to the pattern, faithful, close, exact, assiduous, scrupulous, punctual, punctilious, rigid, rigorous. 3. Remarkably good, excellent, highly virtu- ous, correct, estimable, worthy, deserving of approval. 4. Monitory, warning, admonitory, condign. Exemplification, «. I. Illustration. 2. {Law.) Certified copy or transcript. Exemplify, v. a. I. Illustrate, show by example. 2. (Law.) Make a certified copy of. Exempt, V. a. Relieve, release, free, let off, grant immunity to, excuse, except, exonerate {^ an obligation or burden). Exempt, a. Exempted, free, liberated, released, not liable, possessed of immunity. Exemption, «. Immunity, privilege, release, ex- ception, freedom from liability. ExeQUies, «. pi. Obsequies, funeral rites, funeral procession, ceremonies of burial. ' Exercise, «. I. Practice, use, appliance, applica- tion, performance, operation, employment. 2. Exertion, labor, work, toil, effort, action, activity. 3. Training, schooling, discipline, drill, drilling. 4. Lesson, task, test-lesson, examples for prac- tice, praxis. Exerc^e, v. a. I. Exert {constantly), employ, busy, apply, use, put in action, set to work. 2. Exert, wield, effect, produce, carry into effect. 3. Discipline, train, drill, break in, habituate to practice. 4. Practise, pursue, carry on. 5. Task, try, test, put to the test. 6. Try, afflict, burden, annoy, trouble, pain, make anxious, render uneasy. Exercise, v. n. Labor, work, make exertion, take exercise. Exert, V. a. Use, put forth, put in action, bring into operation, set to work. See Exercise, i and 2. Exertion, «. I. Exerting, exercise, use. See the verb. 2. Effort, endeavor, struggle, attempt, trial, strain, stretch. Exert one's self. Labor, toil, strive, try, en- deavor, work, take pains, bestir one's self, fall to work, work with a will, leave no stone unturned, EXFOLIATE 165 EXPATIATE do one's best, make effort, make great efforts. Exfoliate, v. n. Scale off, shell off, peel off, fall off in scales. Exfoliation, n. I. (Min.) Separation in scales or laminae. 2. {,Med.) Desquamation. Exlialation, n- I. Evaporation, emission of vapor. 2. Vapor, fume, effluvium, steam, reek, smoke, Exhale, v. a. Emit, evaporate, breathe, emit in vapor, throw off in effluvia. Exhale, v. n. Fly off, pass off, be evaporated, be exhaled. Exhaust, V. a. I. Drain, empty. 2. Expend, spend, waste, squander, consume, destroy, lavish, dissipate, fritter away, run through (with). 3. Prostrate, cripple, weaken, enervate, debil- itate, disable, deprive of strength, wear out. ExhatlStlesS, a. inexhaustible. Exhibit, V. a. I. Show, display, present to view, offer for inspection. 2. Manifest, express, indicate, disclose, evince, make known, bring to notice, bring into view, point out, set forth. 3. (Law. ) Offer, present, propose. 4. (Med.) Administer (tnedicine). ExhibiUon, n. I. Display, show, manifestation. 2. Exposition, laying open to public view. 3. {Eng. Universities.) Allowance, pension, benefaction. 4. (Med.) AAmlnxsXrzXion (of medicine). Exhilarate, v. a. Cheer, enliven, inspirit, in- spire, animate, stimulate, elate, gladden, make merry, make glad erfidious, treacherous, disloyal, faithless, disingenuous, dishonorable, double- tongued, double-faced, false-hearted. 3. Unveracious, mendacious, lying, untrust- worthy, unreliable, truthless, untruthful. 4. Counterfeit^ spurious, forged, not genuine, feigned, hypocritical, make-believe, sham. 5. Incorrect, improper, erroneous, wrong, un- founded. 6. Fallacious, deceptive, deceiving, deceitful, delusive, misleading, disappointing. Fialse-kearted, a. Perfidious, treacherous, faith- less, false, double, double-tongued, double-faced, dishonorable, disloyal. Falsehood, n. I. Falsity, want of truth, incon- formity to fact or tiuth. 2. Untruth, lie, fabrication, fiction, false asser- tion, fib. 3. Imposture, counterfeit, cheat. Falsetto, «. Head voice. Falsity, v. a. I. Belie, misrepresent, counter- felt, misstate, garble, represent falsely. 2. Disprove, prove to be false, show unsound. 3. Violate, break by falsehood. Falsity, v- n. Lie, tell lies or falsehoods, violate the truth. Falsity, «. Falsehood, want of truth, incon- lormity to fact or truth. Falter, v. n. I. Hesitate {tn speech)^ stammer, stutter. 2. Fail, waver, tremble, totter. 3. Hesitate, waver, give way, show weakness, be undecided. Fame, «. I. Rumor, report, bruit, hearsay. 2. Reputation, repute, celebrity, glory, re- nown, honor, credit. Familiar, a. I. Conversant, well acquainted, well versed. 2. Intimate, close, near, friendly, amicable, fraternal, cordial, on a friendly footing, on friendly terms. 3. Friendly, social, sociable, accessible, affable, kindly, courteous, civil, companionable, couvers- ible. 4. Unceremonious, unconstrained, free, easy, informal, free and easy. 5. Too free, lacking in proper reserve, deficient in proper respect. 6. Well-known. Familiar, n. I. Intimate, intimate friend, bosom friend, boon companion, close acquainunce, near associate. 2. Familiar spirit, demon or evil spirit at call. Familiarity^ n. I. Acquaintance, familiar knowl- edge, etc. 2. Intimacy, fellowship, friendship, etc. 3. Friendliness, sociability, etc. 4* Informality, freedom, etc. 5. Over-freedom, disrespect, etc. 6. General recognition, etc See Familiar. Familiarize, v. a. Accustom, habituate, inure, use, train. Family, ». I. Household, parents and children. 2. Lineage, race, tribe, clan, kindred, house, line of ancestors. 3. Subdivision of an order, group of genera. Family way. Pregnancy. Famine, n. Dearth, scarcity of food. Famish, v. a. I. Starve, kill or destroy with hunger. 2. Distress with hunger, exhaust by hunger. Famish, v, n. I. Starve, die of hunger, perish for want of food. 2. Be distressed by hunger, suflFer extreme hunger, pine for food. Famousy a. Celebrated, renowned, distinguished, illustrious, eminent, remarkable, famed, noted, far-famed. Fan, v.a. I. Use a fan upon, cool or refresh with a fan. 2. Agitate, move, beat gently. 3. Blow or breathe upon, cool, refresh. 4. Excite, stimulate, increase, rouse, fire. Fanatic, «. Enthusiast (especially on religious subjects), visionary, zealot, wild enthusiast, fren- zied zealot, unreasoning visionary. Fanatic, ) a. Enthusiastic, visionary, wild, mad« Fanatical, J frenzied, rabid. I FANATICISM 162 FASHION Fanaticism, «. Religious frenzy, irrational enthu- siasm, rabid zeal. Fanciiul, a. I. Visionary, imaginative, whimsi- cal, capricious. 2. Chimerical, imaginary, ideal, fantastical, wild. Fan-cricket, «. Fen-crtcket, churr-worm, mole- cricket {Gryllotalpa vulgaris)- Fancy, ». I. \m:i^\m.x\oxi {properly, as exercised in sportive or whimsical moods), which see. 2. Pleasing conceit, happy conception, striking thought, ideal image, bright stroke. 3. Notion, idea, thought, conception, conceit, impression, apprehension, image. 4. Liking, fondness, inclination, penchant, taste. 5. Caprice, humor, whim, crotchet, quirk, freak, vagary, whimsey, maggot, fantasy, odd fancy. Fancy, v. n. Imagine, think, suppose, apprehend, conjecture, believe, take it. Fancy, v. a. I. Conceive, imagine, form a con- ception of, figure to one's self. 2. Like, be pleased with, have a fancy for. Fancy, a. I. imaginative, of the fancy, fancied. 2. Ornamental (rather than useful), elegant, fine, nice. 3. Fanciful, extravagant, beyond all real worth. Fane, ». (Foetical.) Temple, church, shrme, sanctuary. Fanfare, «. [Fr.] Flourish of trumpets. Fanfaron, «. I. Bully, hector, blusterer, swag- gerer, vaporer, braggadocio. 2* Empty boaster, vain pretender, blatherskite. Fanfaronade, «. I. Bluster, swaggering, boast- ing, bragging, bullying, hectoring, gasconade, braggadocio. 2. Empty boasting, vain pretence, ostentation, flourish, bombast, rodomontade. Fang, n. I. Tusk, pointed tooth. 2. Claw, talon, nail. Fantasia, «. (Mus.) Fantastical air, capricious composition, capriccio. Fantastic, ) a. I. Imaginary, fanciful, chimer- Fantastical, ) ical, visionary, unreal, merely ideal. 2. Whimsical, capricious, odd, queer, gro- tesque, strange, wild, bizarre. Fantasy, «. See Fancy. Far, a. I. Remote, distant. 2. Farther, remoter, more distant. 3. Estranged, alienated, hostile. Far, ad. I. To a great distance. 2. Almost, well-nigh, in great part. 3. Very much, in a great degree. Far and near. Everywhere, far and wide, from Dan to Beersheba, from China to Peru, from pole to pole, from one end of the earth to the other. Farce, «. I. Burlesque, caricature, travesty, parody, after-piece, low comedy, ludicrous repre- sentation. 2. Mere show, ridiculous pageantry, empty parade, utter sham. Farcical, a. Droll, ludicrous, ridiculous, absurd. Fardel, «. I. Bundle, pack^ burden, load. 2. Trouble, annoyance, ill, burden. Fare, v.n. I. Go, pass, travel, journey. 2. Be situated {with respect to what may he- fall one), be treated, prosper, prove, happen, turn out. 3. Feed, be entertained. Fare, «. I. Q\\vc%g. {for conveyance of a person), passage-money, price of a ticket. 2. Passenger or passengers. 3. Victuals, commons, provisions. See FoOD. 4. Condition, experience, fortune, luck, out- come. 5. Quantity of fish caught. Farewell, ad. or inter j. Adieu, gocd-by. Farewell, «. I. Adieu, valediction, leave-taking. 2. Leave, departure, last look, last glance. Far-famed, a. Illustrious, celebrated, re- nowned, eminent, distinguished, famed. See Famous. Far-fetched, a. Recondite, abstruse, forced, strained, catachrestic, studiously sought. Farina, «. I. Flour or meal {of grain or starchy roots). 2. {Chem.) Starch, fecula. 3. iBot.) Pollen. Farinaceous, a. I. Yielding farina or flour. 2. (Consisting) of meal or flour, starchy. 3. Mealy, like meal. Farm, n Landed estate. Farm, z'. a. I. het out {land, revenues, etc.). 2. Take on lease {land, revenues, etc). 3. Cultivate {land), till. Farm, v. «. Till the soil, carry on a farm, do farmer's work, practise husbandry. Farmer, «. I. Agriculturist, husbandman, culti- vator or tiller of the soil. 2. Collector, tax-gatherer; lessee of taxes, customs, etc. Farming, «. Agriculture, husbandry. Far other. Very different. Farrago, n. Medley, mixture, jumble, hodge- podge, hotch-potch, salmagundi, olio, gallimaufry, olla-podrida. Farrier, «. I. Shoer of horses, horseshoer. 2. Horse-doctor, horse-leech, veterinary sur- geon. Farriery, «. I. Art or business of shoeing horses. 2. Veterinary art. Farrow, «. Litter of pigs. Farrow, v. a. and V. n. Bring forth, bear {said only of swine). Farrow, a. Gone without calving {said only of cows). Far-sighted, a. I. Long-sighted. 2. Of great foresight, far-seeing, penetratmgto remote consequences. Farther, ad. I. Beyond, further, more remotely, to or at a greater distance. 2. Moreover, besides, furthermore. Farther, a. I. Further, more remote, remoter, at a greater distance, more distant. 2. Additional. Farthest, adi Furthest, to or at the greatest dis- tance. Faxthest, a. Furthest, remotest, most remote, most distant. Farthing, «. Quarter of a penny. Farthingale, «. Crinoline, hoop, hoop-skirt. Fascinate, v. a. I. Stupefy, bewitch, transfix, overpower, affect or bind with a spell. 2. Charm, enchant, bewitch, enrapture, en- trance, captivate, catch, delight, enamour. Fascination, «. Enchantment, spell, charm, witchery, witchcraft, magic, sorcery. Fascine, «• {Fort. ) Bundle of sticks or twigs. Fash, v. a. \Scotch.'\ Vex, tease, plague, harass, torment, perplex, trouble, worry. Fash, n. \Scotch.\ Trouble, care, anxiety, vexa- tion. Fashion, «. I. Form, figure, shape, make, cut, cast, stamp, mould, pattern, model, appearance, conformation, configuration. 2. Way, manner, method, sort. 3. Custom {particularly as respects dress), mode, style, usage, conventionality, convention- alism, general practice. 4. Gentility, higli life, formal breeding. 5. People of fashion, the beau tnonde, the ele- gant world, the gay world. FASHION 163 FAVOR Fashion^ v. a, I. Form, shape, mould, make, give figure to. 2. Adapt, accommodate, fit, suit, adjust. Fashionable* a. I. According to (prevailing) fashion, in fashion, h la mocU^ the rage, having a run. 2. Following fashion, addicted to fashion, who set fashion, of fashion, who affect elegance. 3. Customary, usual, prevailing, current, in vogue. Fast, V. n. Abstain from food, forbear eating, go without food, go hungry. Fatt» H. I. Fasting, abstinence from food. 2. Fast-day, day of fasting, banyan day. 3. Time of fastmg. 4. Rope {to fasten a vessel to a wharf). Fast, a. I. Fastened, fixed, close, tight. 2. Immovable, firm. 3. Constant, steadfast, stanch. 4. Fortified, strong, impregnable. 5. Sound, deep, profound. 6. Swift, quick, fleet, rapid. 7. Dissipated, wild, giddy, reckless, thought- less, thriftless, extravagant. Fast, ad. I. Firmly, tightly, immovably. 2. Swiftly, quickly, rapidly. 3. Extravagantly, prodigally, recklessly, wildly. Fast and loose. I. Variable, inconstant, fickle, uncertain. 2. Slippery, unreliable, tricky, shuffling, eva- sive, fencmg, hedging. Fast-day, «. Fast, day of fasting, banyan day. Fasten, v. a. I. Secure, bind, tie, attach, make fast, belay (naut.), bend (naut.) . 2. Join, connect, unite, hold together. Fasten, v. «, Be fixed, fix one's self, cling, cleave, catch hold. Fastidious, a. Squeamish, difficult, queasy, criti- cal, dainty, over-nice, over-delicate, hard to please. Fasting, ft- Fast, abstinence from food. Fastness, «. Fort, fortress, stronghold, castle, fortified place. Fat, a. I. Oleaginous, unctuous, adipose, oily, greasy, fatty. 2. Plump, fleshy, corpulent, obese, portly, pursy. 3. Coarse, heavy, dull, sluggish, stupid, fat- witted. 4. Rich, profitable, lucrative. 5. Fertile, fruitful, productive, rich. Fatal, a. I. Deadly, mortal, lethal. 2. Calamitous, destructive, ruinous, mischiev- ous, baneful, baleful, pernicious, most harmful. 3. Fraught with fate, fateful. Fatalism, n. Necessarian ism, necessitarianism. Fatalist, n. Necessitarian, necessarian. Fatality, ». I. Destiny, fate, inevitable neces- sity. 2. Mortality. Fate, n. I. Destiny, destination, fatality, inevi- table necessity. 2. Doom, lot, predetermined event. 3. Death, destruction. 4. Final event, ultimate fortune. Fated, a. Doomed, destined, appointed, fore- doomed, predestined, predestinated, preordained, predetermined. Fates, «. //. {Mytkol.) Destinies. Parca;, sister goddesses (Cloiho, Lackesis, Atropos), fatal sis- ters, three sisters. Fat-headed, a. Dull, thick-witted. See Stupid. Fat-hen, n. Wild spinach, goosefoot. Father, «. I. Male parent. 2. Ancestor, forefather^ progenitor. 3. Creator, maker, origmator, author, inventor. 4. Venerable man {an epithet of honor). Father, v. a. I. Beget, engender. 2. Adopt, become a {moral) father tOw 3. Endow or supply with a father. 4. Ascribe to as father or author. 5. Assume the authorship of, become responsi- ble for. Fatherhood, «. Fathership, paternity. Fatherland, «. Mother country, native countrj', land of one's ancestors, native land, one's country. Father-long-legs, «. I. Crane-fly, daddy-long- legs. 2. Shepherd spider, harvest-man. Fatherly, a. Paternal, tender, kind, benign, pro- tecting. Father on or upon. Ascribe to, attribute to, im- pute to, lay to, charge on. Fathership, «. Paternity, fatherhood. Fathom, «. Six feet, two yards. Fathom, v. a. I. Sound, try the depth of, meas- ure by a sounding-line. 2. Divine, penetrate, reach, understand, com- prehend. Fathomless, a. Bottomless, abysmal, profound- Fatigue, n. I. Weariness, lassitude, exhaustion. 2. Labor, toil, hardship. 3. [Mil) Extra duty (distinct from that of arms). Fatigue, v. a. Tire, weary, exhaust, jade, feg. Fatten, v. a. I. Make fat. 2. Fertilize, make fertile. Fatten, v. n. Grow fat. Fatty, <»• Unctuous, oleaginous, oily, fat, adipose, greasy. Fatuity, «. I. Foolishness, imbecility, idiocy, feebleness of intellect, want of understanding. 2. Folly, madness, inane absurdity, infatuation. Fatuous, a. I. Foolish, witless, drivelling, idi- otic. 2. Infatuated, mad, senseless, absurdly foolish. 3. Illusory, deceptive. Fat-witted, a. Dull, heavy, fiat. See Stupid. Faubourg, n. [Fr.] Suburb, environs, former suburb, former environs {in French cities). Fauces, «. //. [L.] Posterior part of the mouth. Fault, n. I. Defect, blemish, flaw, imperfection, failing, weakness, frailty, moral defect. 2. Misdeed, misdemeanor, offence, trespass, wrong, delinc^uency, transgression, error, lapse, slip, indiscretion. 3. Mistake {ofjudzmenf), error, slip. 4. (Rare.) Default, lack, want. 5. {Geol.) Dislocation, disturbance of strata. Fault-dnder, «. Censurer, objector, complainer, murmurer, repiner. Faultless, a. I. Perfect, without blemish, with- out fault, free from defect. 2. Innocent, guiltless, blameless, stainless, sinless, immaculate, spotless. Faulty, a. I, Bad, defective, imperfect. 2. Blamable, culpable, censurable, reprehensi- ble, blameworthy, worthy of censure. Faun, n. Sylvan, woodland deity. Fauna, n. Animals ( peculiar to a country or to an epoch). Faunist, «. Naturalist. Faux pas. [Fr.] I. Mistake, blunder, indiscre- tion, false step, false stroke, act of indiscre- tion. 2. Lapse from virtue, lapse from chastity, false step, lapse, slip, misstep, indiscretion. Faveolate, a. (Bot.) Alveolate, cellular, favose, favaginous, honeycombed. Favillous, a. Ashy, ashen, cinereous, cineritious, like ashes. Favor, ». a. I. Countenance, befriend, encour- age, patronize. 2. Approve, be in favor of, regard with favor. FAVOR 164 FEEL 3. Facilitate, make easier, be fiivorable or pro- pitious to. 4. Support, aid, help, assist. 5. Humor, indulge, spare, ease, palliate, ex- tenuate, represent favorably <^ in a favorable light. 6. Resemble, look like, be like. Favor, «. I. Kindness, friendliness, countenance, grace, kind regard, good-will, propitious aspect. 2. Benefit, kindness, act of grace, good deed, kind act, friendly turn. 3. Patronage, championship, support. 4. Letter, epistle, communication. 5. Gift, present, token of good-will, love-token. 6. Decoration, knot, rosette, bunch of ribbons. 7. Leave, permission, pardon, good-will. 8. Advantage, protection, cover. 9. {Law.) Bias, partiality, prejudice. Favorable, a. I. Friendly, kind, willing, well disposed, propitious, auspicious. 2. Conducive, contributing, propitious. 3. Advantageous, beneficial, auspicious, con- venient, suitable, adapted, fit. Favorite, a. I. Dear, darling, beloved. 2. Preferred, pet, especially liked. Favoritism, «. Partiality. Favose, a. (Bat.) Alveolate, cellular, faveolate, favaginous, honeycombed. Fawn, «. Young deer. Fawn, V. H. Crouch, cringe, bow, stoop, kneel, creep, dangle, fall on one's knees, curry favor, play the sycophant. Fawning, «. Sycophancy, servility, cringing, mean flattery. Fawn upon. I. Cringe to, crouch to, truckle to. 2. Flatter, wheedle, cajole, blandish, pay court to. Fay, n. Fairy, elf. Fay, V. a. Fit, joint, join closely. Fay, V. n. Fit, lie close, make a good joint. Fealty, «. I. Allegiance, homage, loyalty {to a feudal lord). 2. Fidelity, loyalty, faithfulness, honor, good faith, devotion. Fear, «. I. Alarm, trepidation, dread, appre- hension, fright, affright, terror, horror, dismay, consternation, panic. 2> Anxiety, solicitude, concern, apprehension. 3. Veneration, reverence, awe, reverential re- gard. Fear, v. a. I. Dread, apprehend, be afraid of. 2. Apprehend, be solicitous, anxious, or con- cerned about. 3. Reverence, revere, venerate, stand in awe of, have a reverential regard for. Fear, v. n. Be afraid, alarmed, st-and-rail framing, wire-guard, palings, etc as the case may be). 2. Shield, guard, security, protection, defence. 3. Fencing, art of self- defence, swordsman- ship, sword-play. 4. Defensive argument, skill in refutation. Fence, v. a. I. Enclose with a fence. 2. Guard, fortify, defend. Fence, v. n. I. Practise fencing, use the sword, 2. Shuffle, evade, equivocate, prevaricate, hedge. Fencing, «. Manual defence (with small swords or foils), art of self-defence, swordsmanship, fence. Fen-cricket, «. Churr-worm, mole-cricket, fan- cricket {Gryllotalpa vulgaris). Fend off. {Naut.) Keep off, ward off, keep from collision. Fenniflh, a. See Fenny. Fenny, a. Marshy, swampy, boggy, fennish. Ferine, a. Wild (as lions, tigers, etc.), untamed, ferocious, savage, fierce, ravenous, rapacious. Ferment, «. I. Yeast, leaven, barm. 2. Fermentation, fungic transformation. 3. Agitation, commotion, tumult, heat, glow, fever, sUte of excitement. Ferment, v. a. I. Set in fermentation, set fer- menting, produce fermentation in, transform by means of a ferment. 2. Excite, agitate, heat. Ferment, v. n. I. Work, be in a ferment, under- go fermentation, be fermented. 2. Be excited, be agitated, be on fire. Ferocious, a. I. Untamed {like a wild beast\ savage, fierce, wild, ravenous, rapacious, ferine. 2. Barbarous, cruel, inhuman, brutal ^ fell, ruthless, relentless, merciless, pitiless, sanguinary, bloody, Vandalic. Ferocity, «. I. Savageness, fierceness, ferocious- ness, wildness, rapacity. 2. Barbarity, cruelty, inhumanity. FERRET OUT 166 FIDGETINESS Ferret out. Search out. Ferrocyanate, ». (CAem.) Ferroprussiate, ferro- cyanide- FerrocyaniC, a. (CAem) Ferroprussic Ferrocyanide, n. (jChem.) Ferroprussiate, ferro- cyanate. Ferroprussiate, «. (Chem.) Ferrocyanate, ferro- cyanide. Ferroprussic, a. (CAem.) Ferrocyanic. Fertile, a. I. Prolific, fecund, breeding, bearing. 2. Fruitful, productive, rich, plenteous, lux- uriant, exuberant, teeming. 3. (Boi.) Fruit-bearing, pistillate, female. Fertility, «. I. Fecundity, fertileness. 2. Fruitfulness, productiveness, plenteousness, exuberance, luxuriance, abundance, richness. Fertilize, v. a. I. Enrich, make fertile, make fruitful. 2. Fecundate, impregnate, supply with pollen or semen. Fervency, «. Ardor, zeal. See Fervor. Fervent, a, I. Hot, glowing, melting, seeth- ing. 2. Ardent, earnest, eager, zealous, warm, glow- ing, animated, impassioned, fervid. Fervid, a. I. Hot, burning, boiling, seething, fiery, fervent. 2. Ardent, earnest, glowing. See Fervent, 2. Fervor, n. I. Heat, warmth. 2. Ardor, intensity, zeal, earnestness, eager- ness, fervency. Festal, a. Convivial. See Festive. Fester, v. n. I. Rankle, corrupt, suppurate, ulcerate. 2. Become malignant, grow virulent or vio- lent, rankle. Fester, n. I. Pustule, sore, abscess, imposthume, gathering. 2. Festering, rankling. Festival, «. Feast, holiday, festive celebration, (joyful) anniversary, day of rejoicing, /^/!^. Festive, a. Convivial, jovial, joyous, gay, merry, mirthful, festal. Festivity, «. Conviviality, gayety, joyousness, joyfulness, merry-making, social joy. Festoon, ». Hanging garland, looped garland. Festoon, v. a. I. Loop, loop up, form into fes- toons. 2. Decorate with festoons, hang with lopped garlands. Fetcb, V. a. I. Bring {when one goes for the purpose of bringing)^ go and brmg. 2. Perform, make, effect. 3. Sell for. 4. {Naut.) Reach, attain, arrive at, come to, get to. Fetch, n. Trick, artifice, ruse, stratagem, dodge, sharp practice. Fetch a compass. Make a circuit. Fete, n. [Fr.] See Festival. Fete, V. a. Feast, honor with an entertainment. Fete chani|)§tre. [Fr.] Rural festival, open- air entertainment, out-door party, picnic. Fetich, n. I. Object of superstition or super- stitious awe. 2. Object of unreasoning devotion. Fetiehism, «. I. Fetich-worship. 2. Superstitious regard, unreasoning devotion. Feticide, «. [Written also Faticide.'\ Criminal abortion. Fetid, a. Stinking, offensive, noisome, mephitic, rank, rancid, malodorous, strong-smelling, rank- smelling. Fetor, n. Stench, stink, foul odor, offensive odor, strong smell. Fetter, n. Shackle {for the feet), chain, bond, clog, hamper. Fetter, v. a. I. Shackle {the feet), clog, trammel, hamper, put fetters on. 2. Chain, bind, tie, confine, restrain, hamper, trammel, encumber. Feud, «. I. Quarrel, broil, contention, clashing, dissension, jarring, rupture, bickering, falling out. 2. Blood-feud, hereditary enmity, clan-quarrel, family-feud, 3. Fee, fief. Feudalism, n. Feudal system. Feudejoie. [Fr.] I. Bonfire. 2. Firing of guns (for holiday sport). Fever, «. I. Febrile affection, febrile disease. 2. Heat, fiush, agitation, excitement, ferment. Fever-root, «. Fever-wort, bastard ipecacuanha. Fever-wort, «. I. Fever-root, bastard ipecacu- anha. 2. Thoroughwort, boneset, ague-weed, Indian sage {Eupatoriuni perfohatum). Few, a. Not many, small in number, hardly any, scarcely any. Fewness, «. Paucity, small number. Fey, a. [Scotch.'] Doomed {unconsciously)^ death-doomed, death-smitten, impelled to fore- token one's own doom, death, or destruction, possessed by fatal propensities. Fiasco, »■ [It.] Failure, fizzle, abortive attempt, ignominious failure. Fiat, n. Decree, order, ordinance, command. Fib, n. {Colloq. and euphemistic^ Lie, falsehood, intentional untruth. Flh, z'. ». {CoUoq. and euphemistic.) Lie, tell a lie. Fibre, «. Filament, thread, staple, pile. Fibril, «. Small fibre, slender thread. Fibrous, a. Filamentous, stringy. Fickle, a. Wavering, inconstant, unsteady, on- stable, variable, vacillating, volatile, mercurial, changeable, fitful, irresolute, unsettled, capricious, like a weather-cock. Fiction, n. I. Invention, fancy, fantasy, imagi- nation. 2. Novel, romance, work of fiction, feigned story. 3. Fabrication, figment, invention, fable, false- hood, lie. 4. Fictitious literature. Fictitious, a. I. Feigned, invented, imaginary, fanciful, unreal, purely ideal. 2. False, counterfeit, spurious, supposititious. Fiddle, «. Violin. Fiddle, v.n. I. Play on a fiddle. 2. Trifle, dawdle, lose time, waste time, idle away time, fritter away time, fool away time. Fiddle-de-dee, interj. Nonsense, stuff, fudge, moonshine. Fiddle-faddle, n. {Colloq.) Nonsense, trifling, frivolity, stuff, twaddle, twattle, prate, gabble, gibberish, gibble-gabble. Fiddle-faddle, a. {Colloq.) Foolish, nonsensical, trifling, frivolous, trivial, idle, fiddling, twattling, prating, gabbling. Fiddling, a. Trifling, frivolous, trivial, idle. See Fiddle-faddle, a. Fidelity, n. I. Faithfulness, devotedness, devo- tion, truth, true-heartedness, loyalty, fealty, ad- herence to duty, observance of good faith. 2. Accuracy, closeness, exactness, faithfulness, precision. Fidget, V. n. I. Move nervously about, twitch, hitch, hitch about. 2. Fret, chafe, worry, be uneasy, be restive, be impatient, worry one's self. Fidget, n. Uneasiness, restlessness, impatience, fidgetiness. Fidgetiness, «. Uneasiness, restlessness, impa- tience, fidget. FIDGETY 16T FILLIBEG Fidgety, a. Uneasy, restless, impatient. Fidocialr a. I. Confldeiit, unduubting, trustful, firm, steadfast, unwavering, fiduciary. 2. Exact, precise, true, accurate, permanently accurate. Fiduciary, n. Trustee, depositary. Fiduciary, a. I. Confident, undoubting, trustful, firm, steadfast, unwavering, fiducial. 2. Trusty, trustworthy, reliable. 3. Held in trust, in the nature of a trust. Fief, H. Fee, feud. Field, n. I. Tract of land {/or tillage or for Pasture). 2. Battle-field, field of battle. 3. Scene of military operations, theatre of war. 4. Surface, expanse, range, scope. 5. Province, department, domain, region, realm. 6. Opportunity, room. Fieldfare, «. Gray thrush \ Turdus pilaris). Field-Sports, n. pi. Diversions of the field (hunt- in^, shootings etc.). Fiend, «. I. Demon, devil, infernal spirit, malig- nant supernatural being. 2. Supremely malignant person, demon, devil, monster, utterly malicious being, atrocious being, monster of cruelty or malice. Fiendish, a. Diabolical, devilish, demoniac, hell- ish, infernal, malignant, malign, malicious, malev- olent, implacable, atrocious, cruel, delighting in cruelty. Fierce, a. I. Savage, ferocious, ravenous, furious, infuriate, barbarous, fell. 2. Violent, vehement, impetuous, turbulent, tearing, uncurbed, untamed, nery, passionate. Fiery, a. I. Igneous, of fire. 2. Hot, heated, fervid, fervent, glowing, flam- ing. 3. Ardent, impetuous, vehement, fierce, pas- sionate, impassioned, fervent, fervid, glowing, flaming. Fig-eater, «. {Omith.) Becafico, fig-pecker, garden warbler, greater pettychaps \Sylvia hortensis). Fight, z'. ». I. Combat, war, battle, contend (in arms), draw the sword, unsheathe the sword, measure swords, take arms, take up arms, go to war, let slip the dogs of war, try the fortune of arms or battle. 2. Do battle, ply one's weapons, contend, struggle, strive. 3. Contend, join battle, give battle, struggle, strive, struggle for victory, engage each other. 4. Come to blows, engage in fisticuffs, fall to blows or loggerheads. 5. Contend, contest, struggle, strive, dispute, oppose, wrestle, make resistance, act in opposition. Fight, V. a. I. War against, combat against, con- tend against, join battle with, break a lance with, come to close quarters with. 2. Carry through (J>y fighting\ win, gain, sus- tain, maintain. 3. Wage, carry on, conduct. 4. Manoeuvre, manage {in battle), handle, carry through the fight. Fight, «. I. Combat, battle, conflict, contest, struggle, engagement, encounter, action, affair, brush, fray, affray, miUe. 2. Affray, fray, personal encounter, turn at fisticuffs. 3. Broil, riot, mil^e, affray, row {colloq.). 4. Fighting temper, spirit, resistance, dispo- sition to struggle. Fighter, n. Combatant, warrior. See Champion. Fighting, n. Contention, strife, quarrel, warfare, warring. Figment, n. Invention, fiction, fabrication, fable. Fig-pecker, «. (Omith.) See Fig-eater. Figurative, a. I. Typical, representative, ena- blematicai. 2. Tropical, metaphorical. 3. Flowery, florid, ornate. Figure* «. I. Form, shape, conformation, config- uration, outline, tournure. 2. Image, likeness, effigy, representation. 3. Appearance (r threaded tool, rasp. 2. (Mil.) Kov/ {,0/ soldiers ranged one behind another). 3. Bundle of papers. File, V. a. I. Rasp, rub down with a file, smooth or finish with a file. 2. Place on file. 3. Smooth, polish. File, V. n. March in a file. File-leader, n. Fugleman, flugelman, leader, director, coryphaeus. Filibuster, «. I. Pirate, freebooter, buccaneer, sea-robber, sea-rover. 2. [Recent.l Lawless adventurer. Fllidform, a. Fem-shaped. Fillcoid, a. (Bot.) Fern-like. Filiform, a. Filamentous, thread-shaped, long and slender. FiU, v.a. I. Make full, fill up. 2. Pervade, occupy, occupy completely. 3. Dilate, expand, stretch, distend. 4. Store, supply, furnish, replenish, stock. 5. Satis^, content, sate, glut, satiate, cloy, pall. 6. Supply with an incumbent. 7. Occupy (as a place of trust), hold, fulfil, perform the duties of, officiate in. Fill, v.n. I. Fill a glass or cup. 2. Become full, be filled, fill up. Fill, n. Full supply. Fillet, n. Band, bandage. Filllbeg,». [Written also PAt///-?*?^.] Kilt FILL OUT 168 FIRE Fill out. Extend or enlarge [to the full size or limit), rm Up. [Active.) I. Fill, make full. 2. Occupy, employ, use. nil Up. [Neuter.) Become full, be filled, be filled Filly» «. I. Female colt, mare foal. 2. Young mare. 3. Wanton girl, wayward piece. Film, n. I. Pellicle, thin skin or coating. 2. Thread, line thread, cobweb thread. Filter, v. a. Strain, pass through a strainer or filter. Filter* v. n. Percolate, transude, exude, strain, ooze. Filter, «. Strainer. Filth, n. I. Dirt, nastiness, foul matter. 2. Crossness, foulness, corruption, pollution, impurity, nastiness, defilement, uncieanness. Filtny, a. I. Dirty, nasty, foul, defiled, unclean, squalid. 2. Impure, gross, corrupt, unclean, foul. Filtratiou, «. Filtering, straining. iimbriate, I ^ -u^x^^^a Fimbriated, r* ^""S"'^- Final, a. I.^ Last, latest, ultimate, eventual. 2. Decisive, conclusive, definitive. Fiual cause. End, aim, object, purpose, design, intent, intention. Finale, «. [It.] End, termination, conclusion, closing part [primarily and strictly., of an opera or a cottcert). Finality, ». I. Completeness, conclusiveness, definitiveness, final character. 2. Final settlement, final arrangement. 3, [Philos.) Teleology, doctrine of purpose, theory of final causes. Finally, ad. I. Lastly, in conclusion. 2. Ultimately, eventually, in the end, at last, in the long run. 3. For good, for good and all, once for all, as the final move. Finance, n. I. Monetary theory, science or art of monetary relations, theory of revenue or fiscal relations. 2. Revenue, money, money matters. Finances, «. pi. I. Revenues, public funds, pub- lic resources, treasury, fiscal resources. 2. [Colloq.) Income, money matters, re- sources, property, affairs [of a private person). Financial, a. Monetary, pecuniary, fiscal. Financialist, n. See Financier. Financier, «. Financialist, adept in matters of finance, manager of revenue. Find, v.a. I. Discover, fall upon, light upon, meet with, fall in with. 2. Obtain, get, procure, gain, arrive at, attain to. 3. Observe, remark, notice, perceive, discover. 4. Detect, catch. 5. Supply, furnish, contribute, provide. 6. Supply with food. 7. [Law.) Determine judicially, declare by verdict. Find, V. n. [Law.) Declare a verdict, determine an issue, decide. Find, «. Discovery. Find fault. Complain, grumble. Find fault with. Blame, censure, criticise, reprove. Find in. Provide with, supply with. Finding, «. I. Discovery. 2. (Law.) Verdict. Findings, n. pi. Tools and materials [especially of sJtoevtakers). Finding-store, n. \U. S.\ Grindery-warehouse. Find one's self. Be, do, fare [as to'health). Find out. I. Discover, detect, bring to light, 2. Ascertain, decipher, solve, unriddle, make out, get at. Fine, a. I. Minute, small, little, comminuted. 2. Slender, delicate, capillary. 3. Light, of delicate material, of fine texture. 4. Keen, sharp. 5. Thin, subtile, tenuous, attenuated. 6. Exquisite, nice, refined. 7. Excellent, superior, very good. 8. Brilliant, accomplished. 9. Beautiful, handsome, splendid, elegant. 10. Clear, pure, unadulterated. 11. [As a term of slight contempt. '\ Showy, garish, gay, flashy, airy, sparkish, stilted. Fine, n. Mulct, amercement, forfeit, forfeiture, pecuniary penalty. Fine, v. a. I. Defecate, purify, refine. 2. Amerce, mulct, impose a fine upon, punish by a fine. Finery, n. Gewgaws, trinkets, ornaments, deco- rations, trimmings, fine things, showy dress, tinsel trappings. Finesse, «. Artifice, strategy, stratagems, ruses, manoeuvring, wiles, cunning, craft. Finesse, v. n. Use stratagem, practise tricks, em- ploy artifice, manoeuvre. Finger, v. a. I. Handle, touch. 2. Play on [an instrument). Finger, v. «. Use the fingers [in playing on an instrument). Fingered, a. [Bot.) Digitate. Finger-post, «. Guide-post. Finical, a. Fastidious, squeamish, dainty, over- particular, over-nice, nice over-much, affectedly elegant. Finish, v. a. I. Accomplish, complete, execute, perform, achieve, do, get done. 2. Perfect, polish, elaborate, make perfect. 3. End, terminate, close, conclude, bring to an end, put an end to. Finish, «._ I. Polish, elaboration. 2. Polishing, last or final touch or touches. 3. End, close, termination, wind-up. Finished, a. I. Completed, complete, perfect. 2. Polished, perfected, elegant, highly wrought. 3. Experienced, practised, qualified, accom- plished, thorough-bred, able, proficient. Finite, a. Bounded, limited, contracted, termina- ble, conditioned. Finlander, n. Finn. Finn, n. Finlander. Fire, «. I. Combustion, intense heat. 2. Burning fuel, burning of fuel, heap of burn- ing fuel. 3. Conflagration. 4. Firing, discharge of fire-arms, discharges. 5. Heat, ardor, fervor, impetuosity, violence, force, passion, fervency, intensity, animation, spirit, vigor, enthusiasm. 6. [Poetical.) Light, lustre, radiance, splen- dor. 7. Vivacity, inspiration, imagination, imagina- tiveness, force of sentiment. 8. Torture or death by fire, the stake. 9. Torture, trouble, afiliction, persecution, bitter trial. Fire, v. «._ I. Kindle, set on fire. 2. Animate, excite, inspirit, invigorate, kindle, rouse, inflame, stir up. 3. Discharge, fire off. Fire, v. «. I. Take fire, be kindled. 2. Fire up, be angered or irritated, show irritation. 3. Be roused, excited, kindled, inflamed [with passion). FIRE-ARM 169 FIZZLE 4. Discharge a gun, discharge fire-arms. Fire-arm, «. Gun, pistol, musket, rifle, etc. Firebrand, «. I. Brand 2. Incendiary, agitator. Fire-cracker, «. Cracker. Fire-damp, «. Carburetted hydrogen {tn coal- mines). Fire-dog, «. Andiron, dog. Fire-eater, «. I. Duelhst, fighting character, quarrelsome brawler. 2. Blusterer, swaggerer, vaporer. Hector, Hotspur, mock hero. . Firefly, «. I. El&t^r (a/ South A menca). 2. Glow-worm {Latnpyris noctiluca). Flre-new, a. Bran-new, quite new, spick-and- span new, span-new. Fire off. Discharge, fire. Fire-place, «. Hearth. Fireproof, a. Incombustible. Fireside, «. I. Hearth, chimney-comer, place near the fire. 2. Home, domestic life. Fireside, a. Domestic. Fire up. I. Kindle the fire. 2. Fire, be angered or irritated, show irri- tation, bridle, bridle up, bristle, bristle up, get angry, fly into a passion. See Flare up. Fire-worship, «. Mazdeism, Zoroastrianism, Magianism, Parseeism, Dualism. Fire-WOrsMpper, «. Mazdean, Dualist, Parsee, Guebre, Zoroastrian, Magian. Ftrinfif, «. I. Kindling, setting on fire. 2. Discharge {of guns), firing oS. 3. Fuel, something to burn. 4. Cautery. Firm, a. I. Compact, compressed, solid, dense, bard, not soft, not fluid. 2. Fixed, fast, rooted, established, settled, confirmed, stable, secure, immovable. 3. Steady, steadfast, unshaken, resolute, stanch, constant. 4. Strong, robust, sinewy, sturdy. Firm, «. Concern, house, company, partnership. Firmament, «• Sky, the heavens, the welkin, canopy of heaven, celestial expanse, the blue vault, the azure. Firmness, n. I. Solidity, compactness, hardness. 2. Stability, strength. 3. Constancy, steadfastness, steadiness. First, a. I. Foremost, leading. 2. Chief, highest, principal, capital. 3. Earliest. 4. Primary, elementary, rudimentary. 5. Primitive, primeval, pristine. First, ad. In the first place, at the outset, in the beginning, first and foremost, before any- thing else. First-bom, a. Eldest. First-born, «. Eldest child. First-class, a. (Co//<>?. /or First-rate, which see.) First cotisin. Cousin-german. First or last. At one time or another, sooner or later, at some time. First-rate, «. Ship of the first class, three- decker. First-rate, a. Of the first class, of the highest order, of the best sort, of the highest grade, first-class {colloq.). Fiscal, a, Financial. Fish, V. n. I. Angle, bob, try to catch fish. 2. [With /or.\ Angle, seek by indirection, endeavor to call out, hint after, seek by artifice. Fish, V. a. I. Angle, try to uke in. 2. Grapple, catch, draw up. 3. Rake, drag, search by dragging or raking. 4. Splice, mend or strengthen with a splint. Fisher, «• I. Fisherman, angler. 2. Pecan, wood-shock ( MusUla Canadensis). Fisherman, «. Fisher, angler. Fish for. Angle for, try to get {by artifice), hint at indirectly. Fish-glue, n. Isinglass, icthyocol, ichthyocoUa, oarlock {Russian isinglass). Fish-hawk, I ». Osprey, fishing-eagle, bald fishing-hawk, j buzzard {Falco or Fandion haiuu-tos). Fishing-eagle, n. See Fish-hawk. Fishing-frog, «. Angler, frog-fish, toad-fish, sea- devil {Lophius piscatortus). Fish in the air. Beat the air, make vain efforts, try in vain, lash the waves. Fish-soup, «. Chowder. Fissure, «. Cleft, crevice, chink, crack, cranny, break, breach, gap, interstice, opening, chasm, rift, fracture. Fist, «. Clenched hand. Fisticuffs, «• Blows, encounter with the fists, personal encounter, fist fight. S^!HJ*^' } a. Hollow, pipe-like, fistulose. Fistulous, ) *^ Fit, n. I. Paroxysm, spasm, sudden or violent attack, stroke of disease. 2. Humor, whim, fancy, temporary affection. 3. Interval, turn, period, spell. Fit, a. I. Qualified, conipetent, fitted. 2. Suitable, appropriate, apt, apposite, meet, seemly, becoming, fitting, befitting, proper, con- venient, good. Fit, V. a. I. Suit, adapt, adjust, make suitable. 2. Become, be adapted to, be suitable for, be becoming to. 3. Accommodate, provide, qualify, equip, pre- pare, get ready. Fit, v.n. I. Be proper, be becoming. 2. Be suited, be adapted. Fitchew, n. Fitchet, fitch, fitchee, fitchele, fitchuk, pole-cat, foumart {Mustela putorius). Fitful, a. I. Variable, irregular, spasmodic, im- pulsive, unstable, fickle, whimsical, fanciful, capricious, fantastic, humorsome, odd. 2. Eventful, checkered, full of vicissitude- Fitfully, ad. I. Irregularly, capriciously, in a fitful manner. 2. At intervals, by fits, by starts, by turns, intermittently, flickeringly. Fitness, n. I. Suitableness, adaptation, aptness, aptitude, appropriateness, pertinence, propriety. 2. Qualification, preparation. Fit out. Equip, furnish, supply with necessaries. Fit up. Prepare, make ready. Fix, V. a. I. Set, place, establish, plant, fasten, make firm or stable. 2. Attach, tie, connect, fasten, make fast. 3. Determine, define, limit, appoint, settle. 4. Direct steadily, rivet, fasten. 5. Solidify, consolidate. Fix, V. n. I. Rest, remain, abide, settle, become permanent. 2. Solidify, congeal, stiffen, grow firm, cease to be fluid or volatile. Fix, n. Predicament, dilemma, plight, pickle (colloq.). Fixation, n. I. Fixing. 2. Fixedness, fixity, fixure, firmness, stability. Fix on. J Settle on, determine upon, decide up- Fix upon. ) on, select, choose. Fizz, V. n. See Fizzle. Fizzle, V. n. I. Hiss, make a hissing noise, fizz. 2. {Colloq. ) Fail, make a failure of it, fizzle out. Fizzle, «. {Colloq.) Failure, fiasco, abortive attempt FIZZLE OUT 170 FLAWLESS Fizzle out. Fail. See Fizzle. Flabbergasted, a. {CoUoq. and humorous.') CJonfounded, confused, abashed, ashamed, dis- concerted, nonplussed, dumfounded {colloq.), taken aback, thrown off one's balance. Flabby, a. Soft, yielding, inelastic, limp. See Flaccid. Flaccid, a. Soft, limber, limp, flabby, yielding, lax, drooping, relaxed, inelastic, hanging loose, pendulous. Flaccidity, I «. Limbemess, softness, laxity, Flaccidness, j limpness, relaxed condition, Hab- biness, looseness. Flag, V. n. I. Hang loose, droop. 2. Languish, droop, faint, decline, pine, sink, succumb, become weak, grow languid, lose vigor, become dejected. 3. Pall, grow stale, become vapid, lose in- terest. Flag, n. I. Flag-stone, flat paving stone. 2. Banner, streamer, colors, standard, pennon, pennant, ensign, gonfalon. 3. Iris, fiower-de-luce, flower-de-lis (Iris pseudacorus'). Flagellate, v. a. Whip, scourge, castigate, flog, thrash, beat, cudgel, drub. riagellation, n. Whipping, scourging, castiga- tion, bcatmg, flogging, thrashing, drubbing. Flagitious, a. Atrocious, heinous, villanous, in- famous, scandalous, nefarious, flagrant, profli- gate, corrupt, abandoned, enormously wicked. FUlgrancj, «• Notoriety, enormity. Flagrant, a. I. Flaming, glowing, burning, raging. 2. Notorious, crying, glaring, enormous, flagi- tious. Flag-Stone, «. Flag, flat paving stone. Flake, «. Scale, lamina, laver. Flake, v. n. Scale, scale off, come off in flakes. Flambeau, «. Torch. Flame, «. I. Blaze, burning vapor. 2. Fire. 3. Ardor, fervor, fervency, warmth, enthu- 4. {Colloq. ) Love, sweetheart. Flame, v. n. I. Blaze. 2. Glow, bum, warm, be fervid or fervent, thrill, be enthusiastic. Flaming, a. I. Blazing. 2. Brij^ht red, of a bright color. 3. Violent, vehement, exciting, intense, glow- ing, burning, bursting. Flank, n. Side. Flank, v. a. I. {Mil.) Attack on the side, ap- proach on the side, turn the flank of. 2. Secure on the side. 3. Border (upon), stand at the side of, lie along, shut in at the side. Flank, v. «. I. [With upon.'] Border, touch, lie, have the side. 2. Be posted on the side. Flap, n. I. Hanging fold. 2. Flapping, swinging, pendulous motion. 3. Flapping stroke, slap. Flap, V. a. Wave about, shake, beat, vibrate, flutter. Flap, V. n. I. Wave, vibrate, move in folds, flutter noisily. 2. Fall. Flap-dragon, «. Snap-dragon {a game). Flare, v. n. I. Waver, flicker, flutter, stream broadly sideways, blaze unsteadily. 2. Glare, dazzle, shine forth suddenly, flame, blaze. 3. Widen, widen out, spread outward, flue, splay. Flare, «. Glare, unsteady light. Flare up. Fly into a passion, get angry, fire up, lose one's temper, boil over wiih rage. Flash, n. I. Momentary blaze, sudden burst of light, gleam, glare. 2. Instant, moment, twinkling, twinkling of an eye. 3. Slang (of thieves and gypsiesX cant language. Flash, V. n. I. Emit a sudden light. 2. Break (forth) suddenly. Flashy, a. I. Showy, ostentatious, flaunting, gawdy, tawdry, pretentious, tinsel, glittering but superficial. 2. Insipid, tasteless, mawkish, flat, vanid. stale. *^ ^ *^5* **■ ^' Level, horizontal, champaign (said of an extent of land). 2. Even, plane, smooth, without prominences. 3. Low, prostrate, level with the ground, laid low. 4. Dull, lifeless, spiritless, unanimated, frigid, tame, prosaic, uninteresting, pointless. 5. Vapid, tasteless, insipid, stale, dead, flashy, mawkish. 6. Peremptory, absolute, positive, down- right. 7. (Mus.) Below true pitch. 8. (Mus.) Lower by a semitone, a semitone lower. Flat, n. I. Shoal, shallow, strand, bar, sand- bank. 2. Plain, lowland, level piece of country, champaign. 3. (Colloq.) Simpleton, ninny. See Dunce. 4. Floor, story, apartment. Flat-iron, n. Sad-iron, smoothing iron. Flatten, v. a. Make flat (in all the senses of the adjective; which see). Flatten, v. n. Become flat (in all the senses o/ the adjective ; which see). Flatter, v. a, I. Compliment, gratify by praise. 2. Cajole, wheedle, blandish, humor, coax, court, coddle, pay court to, fawn upon, curry favor with, try to win by adulation, make much of. 3. Encourage by plausible representations, inspire with false hopes. Flatterer, n. Sycophant, fawner, parasite, whee- dler, toady, flunky, spaniel, lick-spittle, pick- thank, toad-eater. Flattery, «. _ I. Pretended compliment, insincere commendation, false praise. 2. Obsequiousness, sycophancy, servility, ca- jolery, fawning, adulation, blandishment, blarney. FlatSScy, } «• Windiness (in the bowels). Flatulent, a. Windy. Flaunt, V. n. Flutter, make a show, make a parade, cut a dash, be ostentatious. Flaunt, V. a. I. Wave ostentatiously, brazenly, insolently, or boldly. 2. Display with eflFrontery, toss, flourish, dis- port, vaunt, boast. Flaunting, a. Ostentatious, showy, flashy, gar- ish, tawdry, gaudy. Flavor, «. I. Taste, savor, relish, zest, smack, gust, gusto. 2. (Unusual.) Aroma, perfume, fragrance, odor. 3. Subtle quality, essence, spirit, soul, aroma. Flaw, n. I. Break, crack, breach, cleft, fissure, rift, fracture, rent. 2. Blemish, spot, speck, fleck, feult, defect, imperfection. 3. (Naut.) Gust of wind. Flawless, a. Perfect, without a flaw, without a break. FLAWY 171 FLOOR Flawy, a. I. Faulty, defective, full of flaws or cracks. 2. Gusty. Flax-coml), n. Hatchel, hackle, heckle. Flaxseed, »• Linseed. Flay, V. a. Skin, excoriate, strip tlie skin from. Fleck, V. a. Spot, streak, dapple, speckle, variepate. Flecked, a. Spotted, streaked, striped, dappled, mottled, variegated, piebald. Fledgling, n. Young bird. Flee, V. n. Fly, run, decamp, escape, abscond, hasten away, run away, make off, turn tail, cut and run. Fleece, v. a. I. Clip, shear, deprive of fleece. 2. Strip, rob, plunder, despoil, rifle, steal from. 3. Supply with fleece. 4. Cover fleecily, shroud softly, wrap in misty clouds, fold in snow. Fleecy, a. I. Woolly. 2. Fleece-like. Fleer, «. and v. n. Gibe, scoff, mock, jeer. Fleet, n. I. Flotilla, squadron, navy, armada, company of ships. 2. Arm of the sea, inlet, creek, cove. Fleet, a. Swift, rapid, quick, nimble. Fleeting, a. Transitory, transient, ephemeral, temporary, passing, evanescent, fugitive, flitting, flying, briei, short-lived, here to-day and gone to-morrow. Fleetness, n. Swiftness, quickness, rapidity, celerity, velocity, speed, nimbleness. Flesll, ». I. M.usc\t Axxd idX {o/ anirnal ifodus), 2. Meat, animal food. 3. Pulp, edible part {,of fruit). 4. Body (aj opposed to spirit), flesh and blood, natural man (as opposed to the spiritual). 5. Carnality, sensual appetites, bodily desires. 6. Kindred, stock, race. 7. Mankind, man, the world. Flesh and blood. I. Body, human system, cor- poreal nature. 2. Kindred, blood-kindred {especially one's offspring). Flesh-color, «. Carnation. Flesh-eating, a. Carnivorous. Fleshiness, «. Fatness, plumpness, corpulence, corpulency, embonpoint, obesity. Fleshly, a. I. Human, of flesh. 2. Carnal, sensual, lustful, lascivious, lecher- ous. Fleshy, a. Fat, plump, corpulent, obese. Flenr-de-lls, ». [Fr.] Yellow flag (/rM/j«<<&- corus), flower-de-luce, flower-de-lis, iris. Flexibility, «. I. Pliancy, pliability, flexible- ness, limberness, litheness, suppleness. 2. Compliance, yielding disposition, ductility, complaisance, pliancy, anability, tractableness, easy temper. Flexible, a. I. Pliable, pliant, limber, lithe, supple, easily bent, flexile- 2. Tractable, pliant, pliable, yielding, com- plaisant, compliant, affable, gentle, ductile, docile. Flexibleness, «. Pliancy. See Flbxibilitv. Flexile, a. Pliable. See Flexiblb. Flexnous, a. Winding, bending, tortuous, sinuous, sinuate, crooked, serpentine. Flexure, n. I. Bending, curving, incurvating, incurvation. _ 2. Bend, crook, turn, fold, winding, incurva- tion, curvature. 3. Curvature, mode of bending, rate of incur- vation. Flibbertigibbet, ». Imp, sprite, demon, malignant spirit, little devil. Flicker, v. «. I. Flutter. 2. Fluctuate, waver, float, flutter, flare. FUckermoose, n. Bat, flindermouse, flittermouse. Fiijght, n. I. Flying, soaring, mounting, voliia- tion. 2. Fleeing, hasty departure, flying. 3. Flock {of birds). 4. Volley, shower. Flighty, a. Giddy, wild, volatile, mercurial, frivolous, capricious, fickle, whimsical, unbal- anced, light-headed, without ballast. Flimsy, a. I. Slight, thin, unsubstantial, of frail texture. 2. Weak, feeble, trivial, frivolous, foolish, tri- fling, light, puerile, shallow, superficial, trashy. Flinch, V. n. Shrink, withdraw, retreat, swerve, wince, draw back, hold back. Flindermouse, «. Bat, flittermouse, flickermouse. Flinders, n.pl. Splinters, fragments. Fling, V. a. I. Throw, cast, hurl, toss, dart, pitch, flirt, chuck, shy. 2. Prostrate, overthrow, throw to the ground, throw down. Fling, V. n. I. Flounce, wince, fly into violent motions. 2. Start . n. Branch, divide, divaricate. Forked, a. Furcate, furcated, divaricated. Forlorn, a. I. Deserted, abandoned, forsaken, friendless, solitary, lost. 2. Wretched, miserable, pitiable, destitute, desolate, helpless, comfortless, disconsolate, woe- begone. Forlorn hope. I. Vanguard, skirmishers, ad- vanced body of troops, en/ants perdus. 2. Desperate case, doubtful enterprise, haz- ardous adventure. Form, n. I. Shape {with especial reference to structure), figure, configuration, conformation, mould, fashion, cast, cut, tournure. 2. Mode, method, formula, formulary, ritual, established practice. 3. Manner, system, sort, kind, order. 4. Regularity, order, arrangement, shapeliness. 5. Ceremony, formality, ceremonial, ritual, conventionality, etiquette, conventional rule. 6. Empty show, mere appearance. 7. Bench, long seat {without a back). 8. Class, rank of students. 9. Type in a chase {ready for printing), 10. Mould, pattern, model. II. {Met.) Arrangement, organization, com- bination, law of combination, principle of ar- rangement or synthesis, a priori principle. Form, V. a. I. Fashion, shape, mould. 2. Make, create, produce. 3. Contrive, devise, invent, frame. 4. Constitute, compose, make up. 5. Arrange, dispose, combine. Formal, a. I. Express, explicit, positive, strict, official, in due form, according to established form. 2. Regular, methodical, set, fixed, rigid, stiff. 3. Ceremonious, precise, punctilious, stiff, starch, starched, prim, affectedly exact. 4. Constitutive, essential. 5. External, as mere form, merely formal. 6. {Met.) Organic, formative, primordial, innate, a priori. Formality, n. I. Custom, established mode, settled method, rule of proceeding. 2. Ceremony, conventionality, etiquette, mere form. Formation, «• I. Creation, production. 2. Composition, constitution, making up. 3. Arrangement, combination, disposal, dis- position. Formative, a. I. Plastic, creative, shaping, determinative. 2. {Gram.) Derivative, non-radical, inflec- tional. Former, «. Maker, framer, author, creator, constructer. Former, a. I. Previous, prior, anterior, antece- dent, preceding, foregoing. 2. Quondam, ci-devant, late, old-time. 3. Past, gone by, bygone, foregone, previous. 4. First named, first mentioned. Formerly, ad. Heretofore, anciently, aforetime, of old, in times past, in days of yore, long ago, in past ages. Formidable, a. Fearful, dreadful, terrible, re- doubted, frightful, terrific, horrible, tremendous. Formless, a. Shapeless, amorphous, chaotic. Formula, «. Form, rule, model, formulary. Formulary* «• !• Book of forms. 2. Form, model, rule, formula. 3. Ritual, ceremonial. Fornicate, a. {Bot.) Arched, vaulted. Forray, «. [Written also Foray.'l Inroad, irrup- tion, raid, descent, partial invasion, hostile incursion. Forsake, z/. a. I. Leave, quit, desert, abandon, cast off. 2. Abandon, renounce, forswear, forego, re- linquish, drop, give up, give over. Forsaker, «. Deserter. Forsooth, ad. {Usually ironical.^ Certainly, truly, really, indeed, to be sure, in truth, in fact, of a truth, in good truth. Forswear, v. a. I. Renounce {uion oath), re- ject, leave, quit, desert, forsake, abandon, drop. 2. Deny, abjure, recant, retract, renounce. Forswear one's self. Perjure one's self, take a false oath, swear falsely, bear false witness, break one's oath, break one's word, break one's faith, play false. Fort, n. Fortification, fortress, stronghold, bul- wark, castle, citadel, fastness, fortified place. Forte, n. Peculiar talent, special gift, chief excel- lence, strong point, that in which one excels. Forth, ad. I. Onward, forward. 2. Out, abroad, from retirement, from con- finement. For the best. To secure the best result. For the better. For improvement, for greater good. FOR THE NONCE 177 FRAGRANCY Tor the nonce. For the occasion, for the present time, for the present purpose, for the lime being, temporarily. For the present. For the time being, at pres- ent, for a while. Forthwith, ad. Immediately, directly, instantly, instanter, without delay. Fortification, «. I. Military architecture. 2. Fort, stronghold, castle, citadel, bulwark, fortified place. See Fortress. Fortify, v. a. I. Protect by fortifications, sur- round with fortifications. 2. Brace, strengthen, stiffeit, reinforce, add strength to. 3. Strengthen, confirm, corroborate. Fortiter in re. [L.] With vigor and firmness in action. Fortitude, «. Endurance {with co%\i{colloq.). Froth, V. a. I. Cause to foam, cover with foam or spume. 2. Emit as foam, give vent to frothily. Froth, V. n. Foam. Froth-spit» «. Cuckoo-spittle, frog-spit, frog- spittle. Frothworm, «. See Froghopper. Frothy, «. I. Foamy, spumy. 2. Trifling, light, empty, trivial, vain, frivo- lous, unsubstantial. Froward, a. Fractious, perverse, contumacious, refractory, untoward, unyielding, ungovernable, disobedient, wayward, peevish, petulant, cross, captious. Frown, v. n. Scowl, look stem. Frown, n. Scowl, stem look. Frowzy, a. [Written also Frouzy and Frowsy.} 1. Fetid, rank, noisome, stinking, offensive, ill- scented, strong-smelling. 2. Rough and tangled (as the hair). 3. Disordered, disorderly, slovenly, slatternly, dowdy. Fructify, v. a. Fertilize, make fruitful. Fructify, v, «. Be fruitful, bear fruit, bring forth fruit, bear, be productive. Frugal, a. Provident, economical, saving, spar- ing, choice, chary, careful, thrifty, unwasteful. Frugality, «. Economy, thrift, thriftiness, good husbandry. Fruit, «. I. Produce (of the earth for the sup- ply of man and animals) ^ production, harvest, crop. 2. Product, result, consequence, effect, out- come. 3. Offspring, issue, young. 4. (Bot.) Matured ovary. 5. Edible succulent growth or product (of cer- tain Plants and agreeable flavor). Fruitful, a. I. Productive, abounding in fruit. 2. Prolific, fertile, fecund. 3. Plentiful, plenteous, abundant, rich. Fruition, n. I. Enjoyment (in the possession or tJie use of anything). 2. Fulfilment. Fruitless,/! I. Unfmitful, unproductive, barren, sterile, unprolific, unfertile, infecund, acarpous. 2. Useless, unavailing, bootless, profitless, ineffectual, unprofitable, barren, vain, idle, futile, abortive, without avail. Frumpish, ) a. Cross, cross-tempered, cross- Frumpy, j grained, snappish, irritable. Frush, M. (Farriery.). I. Yxo%(of a horse'' s foot). 2. Thrush (disease of tliefrog). Frustrate, v. a. Defeat, disappoint, balk, foil, »\ baffle, disconcert, circumvent, check, thwart, dis- ^ a^pnuti. bring to nought. Frustrate, a. Vain, useless, ineffectual, frustrated, null, void, of no effect. F rus tr a tion, «. Disappointment, defeat, balking, foiling, baffling, circumvention, check, thwarting, bringing to nought. Fry, V. a. Cook in the frying-pan, cook in boiling fat. Fry, V. n. I. Be frying, be cooking in fat. 2. Simmer, stew, ferment («///A excessive heat). Fry, n. I. Fried dish. 2. Agitation, (mental) ferment, stew (colloq.). 3. Small fishes, swarm of little fishes, small fry. 4. Crowd or swarm ( of insignificant objects). Fuddle, V. a. Intoxicate, inebriate, muddle, make drunk, stupefy with drink. Fuddled, a. Dmnk, intoxicated, inebriated, mud- dled, corned, tipsy, crapulous, groggy, boozy. FUDGE 181 FUNGOSITY tight, high, slewed, muzzy, nappy, disguised, mellow, in liquor, half seas over^ in one's cups, the worse fur liquor, three sheets in the wind, has had a drop too much. Fudge, inierj. Nonsense, stuff, moonshine, pshaw, fiddle-de-dee, fiddle-faddle. Fudge, n. Nonsense, stuif, moonshine, twaddle. See Baldkkdash. Fudge, V. a. I. Stick together, thrust together, fabricate, make up, contrive. 2. Thrust in, foist, interpolate. Fuel, n. Firing, combustible matter, combustibles, material for burning, firing material. Fugacious, a. Transitory, transient, evanescent, fleeting. See Fugitive. Fugitive, a. I. Fleeing, flying, escaping. 2. Transitory, transient, evanescent, fleeting, flying, fugacious, flitting, passing, momentary, short, brief, temporary, temporal, ephemersd, short-lived. Fugitive, n. Runaway, deserter. Fugleman, «. File-leader, leader, director, flugel- man, coryphaeus. Fulcrum, «. Support (of a lever), prop. Fulfil, v. a. [Written also i^M^//.] I. Accom- plish, effectuate, realize, effect, execute, bring to pass, complete, consummate, bring to completion, perfect, bring to perfection or greater perfection, carry out or to its intention, 2. Observe, obey, perform, do, discharge, keep, adhere to, comply with, be faithful to. 3. Meet, satisfy, answer, comply with, fill, fill out. Fulfilment, «. [Written also Fulfillment.'] I. Accomplishment, realization, execution, com- pletion, consummation. 2. Performance, discharge. 3. Satisfaction, answering, meeting, filling. Fulgtirate, v. n. Flash, lighten. Fttlguration, «. Flashing, lightening. Fulgurite, «. Thunder-tube. Fuliginous, a. I. Sooty, smoky, fumy. 2. Dusky, dark. Full, a. I. Filled, replete. 2. Abounding, replete, well stocked or pro- vided. 3. Satiated, sated, glutted, cloyed. 4. Saturated, soaked. 5. Complete, entire, perfect, adequate, mature. 6. Abundant, plentiful, copious, plenteous, sufficient, ample. 7. Loud, deep, strong, clear, distinct. 8. Comprehensive, capacious, broad, large, extensive. Full, H. Entire extent, full measure, utmost, far- thest or extreme limit. Full, ad. I. Quite, to the same degree. 2. Completely, fully. 3. Exactly, precisely, directly. -~ — Full, V. a. Thicken and cleanse {cloth). Full-drive, ad. {Colloq.) At a furious rate, as fast as possible, at full speed, at the top of one's speed, headlong, full-swmg. Fuller's-tMsUe, I n. Teasel {Dipsacus fullo- Fuller'8-weed, ) num). Full-grown, a. Mature, ripe, adult, complete. Fully, ad. Completely, entirely, abundantly, largely, full, to the full. Fulminate, v. n. I. Explode, detonate. 2. Utter denunciations, thunder, pour out threats, hurl denunciations, fulmine. Fulminate, v. a. I, Utter with a menace, pro- claim with denunciation, hurl, thunder, fulmine. 2. Explode, burst, rend asunder. Fnlmination, n. I. Fulminating, hurling {o/ threats, etc.), threatening, denunciation, de- nouncing. 2. Denunciation, threat, threatening, anath- ema, ban, curse, malediction. 3. Explosion, detonation. Fulness, a. I. l^lenitude, copiousness, abundance, profusion, affluence, plenty. 2. Repletion, satiety, sating, glut. 3. Completeness, completion, perfection, en- tireness. 4. Strength, loudness, clearness, resonance. 5. Enlargement, swelling, distention, dilata- tion, dilation. Fulsome, a. I. Gross, excessive, offensively ex- travagant, offensive, nauseous. 2. Nauseous, nauseating, offensive, disgusting, repulsive. 3. Ribald, coarse, gross, tending to obscenity, questionable. Fuivid, a. {Rare.) See Fulvous. Fulvous, a. Yellow, Uwny, lulvid, yellowish- brown, dull yellow. Fumble, v. n. I. Feel about {awkwardly or childishly). 2. Grope, grope about, stumble, bungle, make awkward attempts, search to no purpose. 3. Mumble, stammer, stutter, stumble in speech. Fumbler, «. Bungler, lubber, lout. Fume, ft. I. Smoke, vapor, steam, exhalation, effluvium, reek. 2. Passion, rage, pet, fry, fret, storm, agitation, stew (collog ). Fume, V. n. I. Smoke, reek, emit vapor, throw off vapor, give out exhalations. 2. Rage, rave, fret, bluster, storm, chafe, flare up, be in a passion, be in a rage, fly off at a tan* gent. Fumigate, v. a. Smoke, expose to smoke or vapor, cleanse by smoke or vapor. Fumy, a. Smoky, fuliginous, vaporous, fiill of smoke or vapor. Fun, «. Pleasantry, drollery, sport, merriment, frolic, gayety. Funambulate, v. n. Walk on a rope. Funambulist, «. Rope-dancer, acrobat, lofty tumbler, equilibrist. Function, «. I. Performance, execution, dis- charge, exercise. 2. Office, duty, business, employment, occu- pation, part, province. 3. {Math.) Dependent, derivative, value de- rived. 4. {Math.) Law of derivation, form of function, form. Functional^, «. Office-holder, incumbent of an office. Fund, H. I. Stock, capital 2. Store, supply. 3. Foundation, permanent fund. 4. [In pL, with The.] National debt, national obligations, government bonds, consols, public funds. 5. [Tnpl.] Money, means, resources. Fundament, «. I. Bottom, seat, buttocks, rump {humorous or contemptuous). 2. Anns, rectal orifice, mouth of the rectum. Fundamental, a. Essential, primary, indispen- sable, radical, constitutional, organic, most impor- tant, principal. Fundamental, «. Leading principle, essential part, essential principle. Funeral, «. Obsequies, exequies, burial, inter- ment, burial rites, funeral solemnities, funeral rites. Funereal, a. Mournful, sad, woful, lugubrious, nielancholy, sepulchral, dark, sombre, gloomy, dismal, suitable to a funeral. Fnngosity, «. Excrescence, fungus. FUNGOUS 182 FUTURITY FlUlSOnS» a. I. Excrescent, fungus-like, spongy. 2. Sudden and transient, ephemeral, mush- room, trashy, upstart. Fungus, n. I. Spongy excrescence. 2. (BoL) Species of cellular cryptogam or acotyledon. Funicle, n. I. Fibre, filament, small cord, small ligature. 2. (Bot) Protosperm, filamentous support of the ovule. Funk, n. I. Stink, stench, fetor, bad odor, offen- sive smell. 2. (CoUogr.) Fear, fright, shrinking panic. Funk, V. n. (Colloq) Shrink back, be in fear, be frightened, quail, blench. Funnel, n. I. Tunnel. 2. Chimney-flue. 3. Stove-pipe, smoke-pipe, smoke-stack. Funny^ a. Comical, droli, farcical, ludicrous, sportive, humorous, laughable, diverting, amusing. Furl)elOW, n. Flounce, frill. Furbish, v. a. Burnish, polish, rub or scour bright. Furcate, \a. Forked, fork-shaped, branching, Furcated, ) divaricated, furcular. Furcation, ». Branching, forking, divarication. FurciferouS, a. {Rare.) Rascally, scoundrelly, villanous, blackguard. FurCttla, «. Wish-bone, wishing-bone, merry- thought. Furcular, a. Forked, fork-like, forking, furcate, furcated, fork-shaped, branching, divaricated. Furfur, «. Scurf, dandruff, branny scales. Furfuraceous, a. I. Scurfy, branny, scaly, scabby, lentiginous. 2. Made of bran, bran, branny, full of bran, furfurous. Furious, a. I. Raging, frantic, infuriated, fren- zied, mad, violent, wild, fierce, excessively angry. 2. Vehement, impetuous, fierce, tempestuous, stormy, boisterous, tumultuous, turbulent. Furl, V. a. Fold up, wrap up, roll up, fold, take in, haul in. . Furlong, «. Forty rods, poles, or perches ; eighth of a mile. Furlough, «. Leave of absence. Furlough, V. a. Grant a furlough (to), give leave of absence. Furnish, v. a. I. Provide, supply. 2. Equip, fit, fit up, fit out, fill or supply with furniture. 3. Give, bestow, present, contribute, afford. Furniture, «. I. Movables, house-fittings, household goods. 2. Appendages, apparatus, appliances, fittings. 3. Equipage, ornaments, decorations, embel- lishments. Furor, «. [L.] Fury, rage, madness, mania. Furore, n. [It.] Rage, fury, excitement, great commotion, rush, enthusiasm. Furrow, n. I. Trench {made by a plough). 2. Channel, groove, hollow, fluting, chamfer. 3. Wrinkle, seam, line, rugosity. Furrow, v. a. I. Make furrows in, plough in furrows. 2. Hollow, cut in furrows, groove, channel, flute, chamfer. 3. Wrinkle, seam, pucker. Further, a. I. Farther, more remote, more dis- tant. 2. Farther on, to a greater distance or length, more in advance, farther. 3. Additional, farther. Further, ad. I. Farther, more remotely, more in advance, to a greater distance {from the starting- point), farther on. 2. Farther, moreover, besides, furthermore. Furtherance, ». Promotion, advancement, help- ing forward. Furthermore, ad. Moreover, besides, and then too. Furthest, a. I. Farthest, remotest, most remote, most distant. 2. Longest, greatest, farthest reaching. Furthest, ad. Farthest, to or at the greatest dis- tance or length. Furtive, a. Stolen, stealthy, stirreptitious, clan- destine, secret, sly. Furuncle, n. Boil. Fury, n. I. Rage, frenzy, madness, furor, storm of anger. 2. Impetuosity, vehemence, fierceness, turbu- lence, headlong rush. 3. Goddess of Vengeance, avenging deity. 4. Vixen, virago, hag, shrew, termagant, beldam, Xantippe, turbulent woman. Furze, «. Gorse, goss, whin {Ulex europaus). Furze-Chat, n. Whin-chat {Saxicola rubetra). Furzeling, ) n. Dartford warbler (Melizophilus Furze-wren, j provincialis). Furzy, a. Gorsy, furzen, overgrown with furze, full of gorse. Fuse, V. a. I. Melt, liquefy {by heat), smelt. 2. Amalgamate, blend, commingle, inter- mingle, intermix, make homogeneous. Fuse, V. n. 1. Melt, be fused. 2. Blend, intermingle, coalesce, amalgamate. Fuse, n.^ Match, igniting tube, firing material. Fusel-oil, n. Hydrate of amyl, gram oil, potato- spirit oil, oil of grain, corn-spirit oil. Fusiform, a. Spindle-shaped. Fusion, n. I. Liquefaction {by heat), melting.^ 2. Amalgamation, blending, commingling, commixture, intermingling, intermixture, making homogeneous. Fuss, n. Ado, bustle, fidget, hurry, worry, flurry, stir, excitement, agitation, to-do, pucker (co/^^r. ), much ado about trifles or about nothing. Fuss, V. n. I. Bustle, be in a fidget, make much ado about trifles or about nothing, be in a stew or pucker {colloq.). 2. Fume, fret, worry. Fussy, a. Bustling, fidgety, busy about trifles, making needless ado, making a great ado. Fust, n. Mustiness, mould, mildew. Fust, V. n. Mould, moulder, grow musty, mildew, get fusty. Fustian, «. I. Bombast, rant, rhodomontade, inflated style, swelling or pompous phraseology. 2. Stuff, nonsense, trash, twaddle, inanity, etc. See Balderdash. Fusty, a. Musty, mouldy, rank, ill-smelling, mal- odorous. FuUle, a. I. Trifling, frivolous, trivial. 2. Worthless, valueless, useless, profitless, fruitless, bootless, vain, idle, unprofitable, una- vailing, ineffectual, of no or none effect, to no purpose. Futility, «. I. Triviality, frivolousness. 2. Uselessness, worthlessness, vanity, bootless- ness, fruitlessness. Future, «. I. Futurity, time to come, coming time, subsequent time. 2. Coming events, events to come, what is yet to be, what may occur hereafter. Future, a. I. Coming, to come, yet to be, that will be, hereafter. 2. {Gram.) Denoting futurity. Futurity, «. The future. See Future, «. GAB 183 GALVANISM G Gab, «. {Colloq.) I. Mouth. 2. Prate, prattle, gabble, idle talk. See Prate, «. Gab, V. n. (CoUoq.) Chatter, prate. See Gabble, V. n. Gabble, v. n. Chatter, prattle, babble, jabber, talk idly, rattle on. See Prate, v. n. Gabble, «. Prate, prattle, chatter, clack, cackle, gossip, palaver, gab, idle talk, small talk. Gabbler, «. Prater, prattler, babbler, chatterer, tattler, gossip, gadabout, gadder, rattle-head, idle talker. Gad, V. n. I. Rove about idly, ramble without definite purpose. 2. Go unrestrainedly, wag, run loose. 3. Gossip, rattle, prate, babble, tattle, talk mischievously. Gadder, 1 «. I. Rover, idler, rambler, vagrant, Gadabout, ) loafer. 2. Gossip, tattler, babbler, chatterer, gabbler, prattler, prater, idle talker, talebearer. Gadfly, H. Breese, horsefly, botfly. Gael, n. Scotch Celt, Scotch Highlander. Gaffer, «. I. Goodman. 2. Old rustic, old fellow. 3. Foreman (of navvies), overseer. Gaffle, n. I. Artificial spur {for fighting cocks). 2. Cross-bow lever. Gas, ^- <*■• Silence, stifle, muzzle, muffle. Gag, V. n. Retch, keck (^rare). Gage, n. I. Pawn, pledge, security. 2. Challenge, gauntlet, glove. Gage, V. a. Pawn, impawn, pledge, give as security. Gain, ft. I. Profits, gainings, increase, excess of earnings over outlay, 2. Emolument, lucre, money-making, 3. Profit, advantage, benefit, good, blessing. Gain, V. a. I. Get (by effort), acq^uire, obtain, procure, achieve, secure, carry, wm, earn, get possession of. 2. Conciliate, persuade, enlist, get the good- will of, prevail upon, bring over, wm over, gain over. 3. Reach, attain, arrive at, win to, win. 4. Get more, get a profit, profit. Gainful, a. I. Advantageous, profitable, bene- ficial. 2. Lucrative, remunerative, productive, paying. Gain ground. Increase, advance, progress, make progress. Gain on. I. Obtain influence with, win the favor of, win upon. 2. Gain ground upon, gain upon, draw toward, be overtaking, get nearer to. 3. Get the advantage of, get the better of, beat, outstrip. Gain over. Gain, enlist, persuade, conciliate, win over, bring over, prevail upon. Gainsay, v. a. Contradict, deny, controvert, dispute. Gain upon. See Gain on. Gairiab, a. [Written also Garish."] Glaring, staring, flaunting, showy, gaudy, tawdry, flashy. Gait, «. I. Carriage, walk, manner of walkmg. 2. Walk, march, way. Gala-day, «. Holiday, day of festivity, day of rejoicing. Galaxy, ». I. Milky way. 2. Cosmic system, system of suns. 3. Splendid assemblage, brilliant collection. Gale, «. I. (^Poetical.) Wind, breeze, current of air. 2. Strong wind, violent wind, hard blow, storm, tempest, hurricane. Galena, ». Native sulphuret of lead, sulphide of lead. Galipot, «. [Written also Gallipot] I. Con- crete turpentme, resin {pf the Pinus tnaritimus). 2. Burgundy pitch, common frankincense. GaU, «. I. {Anat.) Bile. 2. Bitterness, rancor, acerbity, spite, malice, maliciousness, malignity. 3. Nutgall, gall-nut. Gall, V. a. I. Chafe, fret, excoriate, hurt by rubbing. 2. Provoke, vex, irritate, tease, exasperate, incense, affront, harass, annoy, plague, sting. Gallant, a. I. Gay, showy, bne, splendid, mag- nificent, well-dressed, 2. Courageous, brave, valiant, intrepid, valor- ous, heroic, chivalrous, fearless, bold, daring, high-spirited. 3. Magnanimous, noble, chivalrous, high- minded, fine, lofty, honorable, 4. Attentive to ladies, polite, courteous. 5. Fond of women, given to courtsiiip. Gallant, n. I. Beau, spark, cicisbeo. 2. Suitor, wooer, lover. 3. Paramour. Gallant, v. a. Wait on {ladies), be attentive to. Gallantly, «. I. Bravery, courage, courageous- ness, valor, intrepidity, prowess, heroism, bold- ness, fearlessness, chivalry, contempt of danger. 2. Courtesy, politeness, polite attention (fo ladies). 3. Intrigue, illicit relation, base attentions. Gallery, «. I, Corridor, passage, 2. Hanging platform, balcony, 3. Art collection, art museum, art gallery. Galley, n. I. Oared ship 2. Cook-room (of a ship), caboose. Gall-fly, n. Gall-insect, Cynips. Gallic, a. Made of galls, obtained or derived from galls. GSmSm,}"- French, Gaulish. Gallicism, n. French idiom. Gallimaufry, n. I. OHo, ragout, hash, 2. Medley, farrago, jumble, miscellany, sal- magundi, olio, hotch-potch, hodge-podge, con- fused mixture. Gall-insect, «. Gall-fly. Cynips. Gallinule, «. Water-hen, moor-hen, spotted crake {Crex porzana). Gallipot, n. I. Druggist's pot, glazed earthen pot. 2. See Galipot, Gall-nut, n. Nut-gall, gall. Gallon, n. Four quarts. Gallop, v.n. I. Go at a gallop. 2. Ride at a gallop. 3. Hurry, rush, fly, speed, scamper, run. Gallowses, «. pi. Suspenders, braces. Gall-stone, «. Bile-stone, biliary calculus. Galyanism, n Voltaic electricity, galvanic elec- tricity, chemico-electricity, dynamic electric- ity. GALVANIZE 184 GATHER Galvanize, v. a. I. Affect with ^Ivanism, treat with galvanism, charge with voltaic electricity. 2. Electroplate. 3. Stimulate by galvanism, bring to a mock vitality. Gambler, «. [Written also Gambir and Gam- beer.'\ Catechu, cutch, terra japonica, japan earth. GamUe, v. «. Game, play for money, practise gaming, play for stakes, practise gambling. Gambler, «. I. Gamester, player, player for stakes. 2. Professional gambler, blackleg, cheating gamester, card-sharper. Gambling, «. Gaming, playing for money or stakes. Gambol, v. n. Frisk, frolic, romp, caper, cut capers, leap, hop, or skip {in sport). Gambol, «• Frolic, prank, skip, hop, caper, romp. Gambrel-roof, «. Curb-roof, mansard-roof. Game, «. I. Sport, play, amusement, pastime. 2. Plan, scheme, stratagem, bit of strategy, enterprise, adventure, undertaking, measure. 3. Animals of the chase. 4. Quarry, prey. Game, a. I. Courageous, brave, resolute, un- flinching, fearless, valorous, dauntless, intrepid, gallant, heroic. 2. Made of game, of game. Game, v. «. Gamble, play for money or stakes, practise gaming or gambling, be addicted to p^^y- ^ ... Gamesome, a. Gay, sportive, vivacious, sprightly, frolicsome, playful, lively, frisky, full of frolic. Gamester, «. See Gambler. Gamin, «. [Fr.] Idle boy, blackguard boy, street Arab, hoodlum, young rough. Gaming, «. Gambling, playing for money. Gammer, «. Goody, goodwoman, goodwife. Gammon, «. I. Imposition, hoax, humbug. See Cheat, «. 2. Smoked ham. ham of bacon. Gammon, v. a. I. Deceive, cheat, humbug, hoax, chouse, trick, dupe, gull, cozen, overreach. outwit, bamboozle, circumvent, delude, beguile, mislead, inveigle, impose upon. 2. Cure and smoke, convert into bacon. 3. (Naut.) Lash {the bowsprit to the stein). Gamut, n. Scale. Gamy, a. High, almost tainted, high-flavored. Gander, «. Male goose. Gang, n. Company, crew, band, horde, party, set, clique, coterie, cabal. Gangrene, «. Mortification. Gangrene, v. a. Mortify. Gangrene, v. «. Mortify, be mortified, lose vitality. Gangtie, n. Matrix {of an ore). Gangway, «. Passage-way, passage. Gannet, n. Solan-goose, noddy, booby {Sula bassana). Gaol, »• [Written also and usually y«77.] Prison. Gap, n. Cleft, crevice, opening, chink, cranny, crack, interstice, breach, rift, break, hiatus, lacuna. Gape, V. n. I. Yawn. 2. Open the mouth {as in staring). 3. Open, dehisce, yawn, be opened, be sepa- rated. Garb, «. Dress, clothes, habit, apparel, garments, vesture, raiment, attire, habiliment, costume. Garbage, «. Refuse {j>f flesh), offal. Garble, v. a. Mutilate {a quotation), falsify, pervert, corrupt, misrepresent, misquote. Garden-spider, «. Cross-spider, diadem-spider. Garden-warbler, n. See Becafico. Gar-fish, «. Greenbone, horn-fish, sea-needle, gar-pike, sea-pike, long-nose, gore-bill, sword- fish, mackerel-guide, snook {Esox belone or Belone vulgaris). Gargantuan, a. Brobdingnagian, huge beyond belief, incredibly big, prodigious, enormous, tremendous. Garget, «. {Bot.) Poke, poke-weed, pigeon- berry {Phytolacca decandra). Gargoyle, «. [Written also Gargoil and Gar- gyle.] Spout, projecting conductor. Garish, a. [Written also Gairish.] Flaunting, staring, glaring, showy, gaudy, tawdry, flashy. Garland, «. Wreath, chaplet, crown, coronal, bays. Garment, «• Vestment, article of clothing. Garments, «. //. Clothes, dress, habit. Sea Garb. Garner, «. Granary. Garner, v. a. Gather {/or preservation), store, hoard, deposit, save, husband, reserve, collect, §arner up, treasure up, lay in, lay up, lay by, set y. Garner up. Same as Garner. Garnish, v. a. Adorn, decorate, embellish, deck, bedeck, beautify, grace, ornament, prank, set off, set out, trick out. Garniture, «. Embellishments, decorations, ornaments, adornments, furniture, ornamental appendages, setting off. Gar-pi^e, «. See Gar-fish. Garret, n. Attic, loft, cock-loft, upper story. Garrulity, «. Loquacity, loquaciousness, babble, babbling, talkativenesss, prattle, prate. Garrulous, a. Loquacious, talkative, pratir.g, prattling, babbling. Gas, ». Aeriform fluid, elastic fluid. Gasconade, n. Boast, brag, vaunt, bravado, vaporing, fanfaronade, bluster, swagger, great cry and little wool. Gasconade, v. n. Boast, brag, vaunt, swagger, bluster, vapor. Gasconader, «. Boaster, braggart, blusterer, vaporer, fanfaron. Gash, V. a. Cut deeply, make a deep incision or deep incisions in. Gash, n. Deep cut, gaping wound. Gas-holder, n. Gasometer. Gas-meter, «. Gasometer. Gasometer, «. I. Gas-holder. 2. Gas-meter. Gasp, V. n. Pant, puff, blow, labor for breath, breathe convulsively. Gassy, a. I. Gas-like, gaseous. 2. {Colloq.) Inflated, bombastic, pompous. Gas-tar, «. Coal-tar. Gastric, a. Of the stomach. Gastronome, I «■ Epicure, high-liver, gour- Gastronomer, j mand, fine-feeder, gourmet. Gastronomist, n. I. See Gastronome. 2. Connoisseur in gastronomy, judge of cookery. Gastronomy, «. I. Art of cookery. 2. Epicurism, pleasures of the table. Gastroscopy, «. {Med.) Abdominoscopy. Gather, v. a. I. Collect, muster, assemble, con- gregate, bring together, draw together. 2. Accumulate, amass, hoard, garner, gamer up, heap up, gather up. 3. Pluck, crop, pick, cull, reap, glean. 4. Gain, win, acquire, get. 5. Infer, deduce, conclude, draw the inference. 6. Fold, fold up or together, draw together. 7. Plait, pucker. Gather, v, «. I. Muster, congregate, assemble, collect, come together. 2. Collect, increase, thicken, be con- densed. GATHERING 185 GENTEEL Gathering, n. I. Acquisition, collecting, pro- curing, earning, gain. 2. Assemblage, assembly, company, meeting, collection, concourse, congregation, muster. 3. Abscess, sore, ulcer, fester, imposthume, pustule, suppuration, suppurating tumor. Gaucherie, «. [Fr.] Uncouthness, awkwardness, blundering, bungling, lack of social polish. Gaud, «. [Written also Gawd.] Trinket, gewgaw, bawble, trifle, toy, worthless piece of finery. Gandy, a. Flaunting, garish, tawdry, glittering, tinsel, over^decorated, flashy, showy, loud {colloq.). Gauge, V. a. I. Measure (a cask, eic), find the contents of, ascertain the capacity of. 2. Measure (as to ability), estimate. Gauge, n. I. Measure, standard, means of esti- mating. 2. Measure, measuring instrument, carpen- ter's gauge. Gaunt, a. Lean, thin, lank, emaciated, meagre, slender, spare, attenuated. Gavel, n. Mallet (of a presiding officer). Gavial, «. Gangetic crocodile. Gawk, n. Clown, boor, booby, awkward sim- pleton, lout, bumpkin, gawky. Gawky, a. Awkward, ungainly, clownish, boor- ish, rustic, clumsy, raw, green, uncouth, loutish. Gawky, n. Clown, boor, booby, lout, bumpkin, gawk, awkward simpleton. Gay, a. I. Showy, bright, fine, brilliant, dashing. 2. Gaudy, flaunting, flashy, garish, tawdry, glittering, tinsel, loud (colloq.). 3. Merry, lively, cheerful, gleeful, jovial, sprightly, blithe, blithesome, airy, sportive, frolicsome, gladsome, jolly, vivacious, hilarious, light-hearted. Gayety, «. [Written also Gaiety.^ I, Show, showiness, eaudiness, finery, glitter, brilliancy, tinsel, gaudmess, garishness, flashiness. 2. Liveliness, cheerfulness, joyousness, jovial- ity, sprightliness, mirth, blithesomeness, merri- ment, glee, hilarity, jollity, vivacity, animation, good-humor, high spirits. G^e, V. n. Look intently, look long, look fixedly, keep one's look fixed, look long and earnestly. Gaze, H. Intent look, fixed look. Gazette, «. I. Newspaper, journal. 2. Official newspaper or journal. Gazette, v. a. Publish officially, officially announce. Gazetteer, n. Geographical dictionary. Gear, n. I. Array, dress. See Apparel. 2. Accoutrements, harness, array, armor, appointments. 3. Appointments, appliances, appurtenances, equipments, accessories, subsidiaries. 4. Harness, trappings, accoutrements, tackle, draught-gear. 5. Mechanism, machinery, mechanical appli- ances. 6. Gearing, toothed wheels, series of cog- wheels. 7. Rigging, tackle. Gearing, ft. See Gkar. Geld, V. a. Castrate, emasculate, glib, deprive of virility. Gelder-rose, «. Snow-ball tree. Gelid, a. (Rare.) Very cold, chill, chilly. Gelidlty, n. Extreme cold, chill, chilliness. Gem, n. I. Jewel, precious stone. 2. (Bot.) Bud, germ. Gem, V. a. I. Adorn with gems, begem, jewel, bejewel. 2. Embellish, bespans:le. spangle. Geminate, a. (Bot.) Doubled, twin, in pairs, binate. Gemini, «. //. [L.] (Astron.) The twins, Cas- tor and Pollux. Gemmation, n. I. (Zodl.) Reproduction by buds. 2. (Bot.) Budding, germination, leaving out. 3. Time of budding, budding season. Gemmule, n. (Bot.) Small bud. Gender, «. I. Sex. 2. (Gram.) Inflection for sex, form relative to sex. Genealogy, n. I. Pedigree, list of ancestors. 2. Descent, derivation. General, a. I. Universal, of the whole (genus, class, etc.), catholic, not partial, not special, not particular. 2. Ecumenical. 3. Common, usual, ordinary. 4. Vague, indefinite, lax, ill-defined, inexact, inaccurate. General, «. I. Whole, total. 2. (Mil.) Commander-in-chief, generalissimo, captain-general. 3. (Mil.) General officer (brigadier, major- general, lieutenant-general). Generalissimo, n. Commander-in-chief, general, captain-general. Generality, «. I. Universality, generic extent. 2. Bulk, mass, greater part, main body, com- mon run. Generally, ad. I. Commonly, usually, in gen- eral, in the usual course of things, as the world goes, in most cases. 2. In the main, without particularizing, with- out details. Generate, v. a. I. Beget, procreate, engender, breed, propagate. 2. Produce, form, make, beget, engender, breed, cause, bring about, bring into existence. Generation, n. I. Procreation. 2. Production, formation. 3. Progeny, ofEspring, succession of descend- ants. 4. Family, stock, race, breed. 5. Body of equals in age, collection of those of nearly the same age, people of the same age. 6. (Math.) Formation (by movement). Generosity, n. I. Nobleness, disinterestedness, magnanimity, high-mindedness. 2. Liberality, bounty, bounteousness, bounti- fulness, charity, munificence. Generous, a. I. Noble, magnanimous, honora- ble, high-minded. 2. Liberal, bountiful, beneficent, munificent, charitable, open-handed, free-hearted. Geneva, n. Gin. Genial, a.. I. Fostering, cheering, enlivening, inspiriting, encouraging, 2. Cordial, hearty. 3. Cheerful, pleasant, merry, mirthful, jovial. Genitals, n. pi. Sexual organs, private parts, organs of generation, pudenda. Genitive, a. Possessive. Genius, n. I. Bent, turn, aptitude, aptness, capacity, faculty, endowment, talent, gift. 2. Invention, ingenuity, intellect, sagacity, brains, parts, wit, mother-wit, inspiration, cre- ative power, power of invention. 3. Adept, proficient, master, master-hand, man of genius. 4. Nature, character, disposition, peculiar constitution, characteristic quality. 5. Spirit, tutelary deity, guardian spirit, guar- dian angel. Genteel, a. I. Refined, polite, courteous, pol- ished, civil, well-bred, gentlemanly or lady-like. 2. Fashionable, stylish, elegant (in dress, style of living, etc.). GENTILE 186 GET OVER Gentile, «. Pagan, heathen, worshipper of false gods. Gentility, «• Politeness, courtesy, urbanity, good- breeding, good behavior, refinement of manners. Gentle, a. l. Mild, bland, moderate, kind, ten- der, compassionate, indulgent, meek, soft, hu- mane, clement, lenient, merciful, of a sweet disposition, gentle-hearted, tender-hearted. 2. Tame, docile, peaceable, quiet, tractable, pacific, dove-like. 3. Light, moderate, soft, bland, zephyr-like, mild. 4. High-born, noble, well-born, of good family. 5. Refined, cultivated, well-bred, polished, courteous. Gentlefolk, t«.//. People of good family and Gentlefol]i:s, i good breeding, lords and ladies, ladies and gentlemen. Gentleman, «. I. [£n£:] Man of good family (above the rank of yeoman). 2» Man of good breeding, well-mannered man, refined or polished man, man of delicacy and honor. Gentlemanly, ) a. Polite, courteous, civil, re- Gentlemanlike, ) fined, cultivated, honorable, deHcate, urbane, genteel, well-bred. Gentry, «. \.Eng.'\ Middle class, people of good position {between the nobility and the vulvar). Genuine, a. I. Pure, uncorrupt, unalloyed, un- adulterated, true, real, veritable, authentic, what it purports to be. 2. Native, unaffected, sincere. Genus, n. I. Group {subordifiate to a class, tribe, or order), assemblage of species. 2. {Log.) Relative, universal, kind or sort or class to which particulars belong. Geodesy, n. Land-surveying {on a large scale, as when the curvature of the earth is taken into account). Geometer, n. Geometrician. Geometrician, n. Geometer. Geoponics, «. //. Agriculture, husbandry, culture of the soil, tillage, rural economy. Georgfium Sidus. [L.] (Astron.) Uranus Her- schel. Geranium, «. Cranesbill. Germ, «. I. Embryo, ovum {in animals), ovule (in plants), seed-bud, young bud. 2. Origin, source, first principle, originating or originative principle. German, a. I. Bom of the same father and mother, full. 2. Born of brothers or sisters or of brothers and sisters. 3. Cognate, pertinent, relevant. See Ger- mane. 4. Of Germany, belonging to or characteris- tic of Germans or Germany. Germane, a. I. Related, akin, allied, cog- nate. 2. Relevant, pertinent, apposite, appropriate, suitable, fitting, to the purpose, to the point. German-silver, «. Packfong, white copper, white alloy of nickel. German-tinder, «. Punk, spunk, touchwood, black-match, pyrotechnical sponge, amadou. Germinate, v. «. Sprout, shoot, vegetate, bud, push, pullulate, put forth, burst forth, spring up, begin to vegetate. Gestation, «. Pregnancy. GestiC, a. Legendary, traditional, historical. Gesticulate, v. n. Make gestures, gesture. Gesticulation, n. See Gesture, ». Gesture, «. Action {accompanying oral utter' ance), gesticulation, gesturing. Gesture, v. «. Gesticulate, make gestures. Get, v. a. I. Procure, obtain, acquire, gain, win, earn, achieve, realize, secure, come by. 2. Master, finish, prepare. 3. Learn, memorize, commit to memory, get by heart. 4. Beget, generate, engender, procreate, breed. 5. Procure to be, cause to be, have. 6. Persuade, induce, dispose, influence, pre- vail upon. 7. Receive. 8. [Always in past participle with have.^ Have, be in possession of, possess. Get, V. n. I. Gain, make acquisition, increase (one's goods or position or power). 2. Become, fall, go. 3. Arrive, reach, win. Get ahead. Proceed, progress, advance, get on, get forward, get along. Get along. Proceed. See Get ahead. Get among. Come among, come into the company of. Get asleep. Go to sleep, fall asleep. Get at. I. Discover, determine, ascertain, find out. 2. Reach, make way to, get hold of. Get away. Depart, go away. Get away from. Quit, leave, disengage one's self from. Get back. I. Return, come back. 2. Obtain again, get possession of again. 3. Obtain in return. Get before. Come in front of Get behind. I. Lag, fall behind or below, fall in the rear. 2. Take a position behind, get in the rear of. Get between. Come between. Get by heart. Memorize, learn, learn by heart or by rote, commit to memory. Get clear. I. Be released, disengage one's self, get free, get loose, get off. 2. Be acquitted. Get down. Descend, come down. Get drunk. Become intoxicated. Get forward. Proceed, progress, advance, get along, get ahead, get on. Get free. Be released, get clear, get loose, get off, escape. Get head. Gain strength, make progress. Get home. Reach home, arrive at home. Get in. {Active-) Put under cover, gather into a storehouse. Get in. {Neuter.) Come in, pass in, go in. Get into. I. Mount, climb into. 2. Be admitted into. 3. Penetrate, get inside of Get into a mess. {Colloq) Get into difficulty. See Get into hot water. Get into hot water. Get into difficulty, get into trouble, get into a mess {colloq.), fish m troubled waters. Get loose. Disengage one's self, get free, get clear, get off, be released. Get near. Come near. Get off. I. Escape, get clear, get free, be acquitted. 2. Depart, go away. 3. Alight from, descend from. Get on. {A ctive. ) Put on, draw on. Get on. {Neuter.) Proceed, progress, advance, get along, get ahead, get forward. Get out. I. Come out. 2. Be extricated. 3. Clear out {colloq.), begone, avaunt, away with you, be off, get you gone. Get over. I. Climb over. GET QUIT OF 187 GIVE 2. Surmount, conquer, overcome. 3. Recover from. Get quit of. Be freed from, get rid of, get free from, be extricated from. Get rid of. I. Dispose of, shift off, cast oflF. 2. Be freed from, be relieved from, get clear of, get quit of. Get tnee gone. Depart, go away, haste away, get out, clear out (^coUoq.), be on, away with you, avaunt, begone. Get the hang of. Understand, comprehend, get acquainted with, get accustomed to, get used to, become familiar with, see into, know ail about. Get the start. I. Be first, be ahead, get the lead. 2. Start first, be or get ahead at the start, get a lead at starting. Get the start of. Be ahead of, have the advan- tage of, take the lead of, outstrip, get at a disad- vantage. Get through. I. Pass through, go through. 2. Accomplish, finish, complete, do. Getting, «. Acquisition, acquirement. Get together. {Active.) I. Collect, assemble, muster, convene. 2. Collect, accumulate, amass, pile up, heap up. 3. Combine, make up, contrive, conjoin, put together. Get together. (I/euter.) Meet, convene, assem- ble, congregate, come together. Get Up. \Active.) I. Prepare, make, ready. 2. Print and publish. Get up. {^Neuter,) I. Arise, rise. 2. Ascend, climb. Gewgaw, «. Bawble, trifle, trinket, toy, play- thing, gaud, worthless piece of finery. Ge3rser, «. Boiling spring. Ghastly, a. I. Pale, wan, cadaverous, death-like. 2. Dismal, hideous, grim, grisly, terrible, hor- rible, frightful, shocking. Ghost* n. I. Spirit, soul. 2. Apparition, spectre, sprite, phantom, shade, departed spirit. Ghostly, a. I. Spiritual, of the soul. 2. Spectral, phantom-like. Giant, «. Monster, Cyclops, colossus, Hercules, huge man. Giant, a. Huge. See Gigantic. Gibbering, \ n. Jargon, gabble, jabber, gibble- Gibberish, ) gabble, balderdash, nonsense, prate, prating, drivel, idle talk, empty babbie, empty sound. Gibbet* «. Gallows, hangman's tree. Gibbet, v. a. Hang on a gallows. Gibble-gabble, «. Prate, pratt.e. See Gabble. Gibbon, n. Hylobate, long-armed ape. Gibbosity, «. Convexity, protuberance, promi- nence, swelling, gibbousness. Gibbous, a. I. Convex, protuberant, swelling, rounded. 2. Humped, hunched, hump-backed, crook- backed. Gibbousness, «. See Gibbosity. Gibe, V. n. Sneer, scoff, jeer, fleer, flout. Gibe, V. a Flout, taunt, deride, ridicule, jeer, twit, scoff at, sneer at, jeer at. Gibe, n. Sneer, scoff, taunt, flout, biting jest. hSd*^ «• Vertigo, dizziness, swimming of the QiAJh.a I. Vertiginous, dizzy. 2. Changeable, fickle, inconstant, unsteady, *°!i^75' unstable, vacillating, irresolute. 3. Careless, heedless, thoughtless, wild, reck- less, headlong, flighty, hair-brained, giddy- brained, light-headed. Giddy-brained, a. Hair-brained, heedless. See Giddy, 3. Gift, ft. 1. Donation, present, benefaction, boon, gratuitv, grant, offering, contribution, subscrip- tion, donative, largess, subsidy, allowance, en- dowment, bounty, bequest, legacy, dower, demise, dotation, douceur. 2. Talent, power, faculty, capability, capacity, ability, endowment, genius, Hxii\, /orie. Gifted, a. Talented, able, ingenious, sagacious, inventive, intelligent. Gift of the gab. {Collog.) Fluency, volubility, glibuess, readiness of sjjeech, command of lan- guage, facility of expression. Gigantic, a. Huge, vast, enormous, colossal, pro- figious, Cyclopean, Herculean, giant, very large. Giggle, «. Titter, silly laugh, snicker, snigger. Giggle, V. n. Laugh \in a silly tnartner), titter, cackle, snicker, snigger. Gild, V. a. I. Coat with gold-leaf, overlay with gold. 2. Adorn, brighten, illuminate, make lustrous, make bright. Gill, n. I. Quarter of a pint. 2. {Bot.) Alehoof, haymaids, ground-ivy {Nepeta glechoitui). 3. Sweetheart, dolly, doxy, wanton girl. Gimcrack, «. Trifle, toy, knicknack, knack, jig- gumbob. Gin, n. I. Geneva. 2. Machine, cranei whim, windlass, whim-gin, whimsey, whin. 3. Cotton-gin. 4. Trap, snare, net, toils, noose, springe. Gin, V. a. I. Pass through the gin, clear of seeds {as cottoft). 2. Catch in a gin, capture, snare. Gin, V. n. [Arctic or poetical.] Begin, com- mence. Ginger-beer, «. Ginger-pop. Gingerly, ad. I. Cautiously, tenderiy, carefully. 2. Daintily, fastidiously. Ginger-pop, «. Ginger-beer. Glngle, z'.«. [Written preferably 7/«^/^]. Tinkle. Gingle, V. a. Tinkle. Glngle, n. Tinkle, jingling, jingling sound. Gingling, «. See Gingle, «. Giraffe, «. Camelopard. Girandole, «. Chandelier. Girasole, «. {Bot.) Turnsole, heliotrope. Gird, V. a. I. Girdle, bind round, bind with a girdle. 2. Surround, encircle, encompass, enclose, en- viron, engird, begird. 3. Clothe, invest, equip, furnish. 4. Reproach, gibe, sneer at, lash, satirize. Gird, V. ft. Gibe, sneer, make scornful jests, utter sarcasms. Girder, «. I. Main beam. 2. Sneerer, giber, sarcastic derider. Girdle, «. Band (/or the waist), belt, cincture, cestus. Girdle, v. a. I. Gird, bind round. 2. Environ, encompass, surround, enclo-se, embrace, girt, shut in. 3. \_U. S."] Cut round, incise about, cut a girth round the bark of. Girdled, a. Girded, cinctured, belted. Girl, «. Lass, lassie, damsel, miss, maiden, maid, virgin, young woman, voung unmarried woman. Girt, \n. I. Belly-band. Girth, S 2. Circumference, distance around. Gist, «. Essence, pith, marrow, core, substance, main point. Give, V. a. I. Bestow (voluntarily and without compensation), accord. See Confer. 2. Furnish, supply, afford, spare, accommodate with. 3. Impart, communicate. GIVE 188 GLEE 4. Pay, exchange. 5. Permit, allow, vouchsafe, deign. See Grant. 6. Utter, pronounce, render. 7. Produce, yield, show as a product. 8. Cause, occasion. 9. Devote, apply, addict, give up. Give, V. n. I. Yield (to pressure), give way, sink, bend. 2. Yield, recede, retire, give way, retreat. 3. Lead, open, afford entrance, look out, afford a view. Give a handle. Furnish an occasion, give an op- portunity. Give away. Transfer {without an equivalent), make over gratis, part with gratuitously. Give back. Return, restore. Give chase. Pursue, follow on. Give ear. Listen, hear, hearken, attend. Give in. {Active.) I. Hand in, pass in. 2. Abate, deduct, discount. Give in. {Neuter.) Yield, surrender, give up, cry quits, cry quarter. Give one's sell up. I. Resign one's self, devote one's self. 2. Addict one's self, abandon one's self. Give one the lie. Charge one with lying. Give one the lie in one's throat. Charge one with lying outrageously. Give over. I. Leave, quit, abandon, cease from. 2. Consider hopeless, consider lost, give up. Give out. {Active.) I. Emit, send forth. 2. Proclaim, announce, report, publish. Give out. (Neuter.) I. Fail, come short. 2. Be exhausted, spend one's strength. Give place. I. Withdraw, retire, recede, retreat, give way, make room. 2. Yield precedence. Giver, «. Donor, bestower, disposer, donator {law). Give Up. (Active.) I. Resign, relinquish, yield, surrender. 2. Abandon, forsake, leave, quit, cease from, give over. 3. Consider hopeless, consider lost, give over. Give up. (Neuter.) Yield, surrender, give in, cry quits, cry quarter. Give up the ghost. Die, expire, depart, decease, leave the world, draw the last breath, cease to exist. Give way. I. Withdraw, recede, retire, retreat, make room. 2. Fail, break, be broken. 3. {Naut.) Row, bend to the oars. Gizzard, n. Third stomach {in birds). Glahrons, a. Smooth, hairless, destitute of pu- bescence. Glacial, a. I. Icy, frozen, consisting of ice, icy- looking. 2. Of glaciers, pertaining to glaciers. Glaciarium, «. Skating-rink. Glaciate, v- a. I. Freeze, congeal, convert into ice. 2. Cover with ice, coat with ice, freeze over. 3. Cover with traces of a glacier. Glaciate, v. «. Freeze, congeal, turn to ice. Glacier, «. Ice-torrent, ice-stream. Glad, a. I. Pleased, delighted, gratified,rejoiced, happy, well contented. 2. Cheerful, joyous, joyful, gladsome, happy, merry, elate, elated, jocund, playful, light-hearted, light, animated, cheery. 3. Cheering, animating, gratifying, pleasing, exhilarating, bright, gladdening, joyous, joyful. Glad, V. a. (Poetical) Delight. See Gladden. Gladden, v. a. Delight, cheer, gratify, rejoice, bless, exhilarate, glad, make glad, please highly, make joyous or happy, fill with joy or pleasure, render light-hearted. Gladden, v. «. Become glad, grow liappy or joyous, smile, beam, light up, grow light, brighten, grow bright. Glad-eye, «. Yellow-hammer (Emberiza citri- nella), Gladiate, a. (Bot.) Sword-shaped, ensiform. Gladiator, «. Sword-player, prize-fighter {in ancient Rome). Gladness, n. Joy, joyfulness, joyousness, happi- ness, gratification, delight, pleasure. Gladsome, a. Pleased, delighted, cheerful, joyful, joyous, glad, gay, blithe, blithesome, gleeful, jovial, jolly, merry, lively, jocund, airy, vivacious, sprightly, sportive, frolicsome, light-hearted. Glair, «. White of an egg. Glamour, n. I. Witchery {applied to the eye so as to make things seem to be what they are not). 2. Fantastic light, imaginary glory, bewitch- ment, glow, enthusiasm. Glance, «. I. Glitter, gleam. 2. Glimpse, transitory view, rapid look. Glance, v. «. I. Glitter, gleam, shine, flash, cor- uscate, scintillate, glisten, glister. 2. Flit, dart, appear and disappear. 3. Dart aside, fly off obliquely. 4. Snatch a glance, snatch a momentary look, look hurriedly. 5. Make passing allusion, reflect upon, hint at, censure. Glance at. Take a glimpse at, look at cursorily. Glance-coal, n. Anthracite, hard coal, blind-coal, stone-coal, culm. Glare, v. «. I. Flare, dazzle, glitter, glisten, gleam, sparkle. 2. Glower, look fierce, look black. Glare, «. I. Glitter, flare, dazzling light. 2. Fierce look, glower. Glare ice. Polished ice, smooth ice. Glaring, a. I. Dazzling, glittering. 2. Barefaced, notorious, conspicuous, open, manifest, extreme. Glasses, «. //. Spectacles. Glass-worm, «. See Glow-worm. Glasswort, n. Saltwort, marsh-samphire (Salt- cornia herbacea). Glassy, a. I. Vitreous. 2. Hyaline, crystal, crystalline, transparent, shining, lucent, gleaming, brilliant. Glauher'S-salt, «. Sulphate of soda. Glaucous, a. Sea-green. Glaze, V. a. I. Put glass in (windows), furnish with glass. 2. Cover with a glassy substance, incrust with a glaze. 3. Calender, polish, gloss, burnish, furbish, give a glossy surface to. Glaze, V. n. Become glassy, grow dim, grow filmy, become lustreless. Glaze, «. Glazing, enamel. Glazing, «. I. Setting glass. 2. Calendering. 3. Glaze, enamel. Gleam, «. I. Ray, beam, glance, glimmer, glim- mering. 2. Lustre, brightness, splendor, gleaming, flash, flashing, coruscation, glitter, glittering. Gleam, v. n. Glimmer, shine, ghtter, sparkle, coruscate, flash, beam, glance. Glean, z'. (7. I. Q>2il\\^x (after reapers). 2. Collect, cull, pick up. Glehe, n. 1. Soil, clod, sod. turf, ground. 2. Parish land, church demesne. Glee, n, I. Merriment, mirth, gayety, jovialitv, jollity, exhilaration, liveliness, sportiveness, jocu- larity, hilarity. GLEEFUL 189 GLUTTON 2. Light song, song of interwoven melodies. Gleeful, a. Glad, merry, joyous, light, light- hearted, gay, happy, jocund, eiaie. Glen, «. Valley, vale, dale, dell, dingle. Glib, a. I. Smooth, slippery. 2. Voluble, fluent, ready, talkative, nimble of speech, ready in speech, of a ready tongue. Glib, V. a. Castrate, geld, emasculate, deprive of virility. Glide, V. ft. I. Slip, slide, move smoothly. 2. Flow, lapse, run, roll on. Glide, n. Lapse, slip, gliding, sliding, continuous motion. Glimmer, v. n. Shine (^faintly), gleam, glitter. Glimmer, I «. I. Gleam {.of faint, unsteady Glimmering, J light), ray, beam. 2. Glimpse, glance, transitory view, faint view. Glimpse, «. Glance, glimmering, transitory view, rapid look, momentary perception, glint {Scotch). GUnt, n. [Scotch.] Glance. See Glimpse. Glisten, ) v. «. Sparkle, glitter, shine fitfully. Glister, ) See Glance. Glitter, v. n. Glisten, glister, sparkle, gleam, flare, glare, glance, flash, scintillate, coruscate, make a splendid show. Glitter, «. Sparkle, glister, lustre, brilliancy, splendor, brightness, shine, radiance, gleam, scintillation, coruscation, beam, beaming. Gloam. V. ft. Begin to darken, approach twilight. Gloaming, ft. Twilight, dusk, fall of evening, eventide, nightfall. Gloat, V. n. Stare, gaze, gaze earnestly, look in- tently, gaze passionately, gaze with passionate satisfaction. Globate, i a. Globular, globose, spherical, round, Globated, ) spheroidal, globe-shaped. Globe, «. I. Sphere, ball, orb. 2. Earth, terraqueous globe, terrestrial ball. Globe-fish, «. Puffer, diodon. Globose, a. Spherical, globular, globate, globated, round, globe-shaped. Globosity, «. Sphericity, rotundity, roundness, globularity. Globular, a. Spherical, globate, globated, glo- bose, globulous, round, globe-shaped. Globule, n. Spherule, little globe, small round particle, drop, bead. Globulous, a. Spherical. See Globular. Gloom, «. I. Obscurity, darkness, dimness, gloominess, cloud. 2. Sadness, dejection, depression, despond- ency, melancholy, heaviness of mind, low spirits. Gloomy, a. I. Obscure, dark, dim, dusky. 2. Dismal, cheerless, lowering, lurid. 3. Sad, dejected, depressed, _ dispirited, dis- heartened, despondent, desponding, melancholy, downcast, crestfallen, chapiallen, down-hearted, glum, heavy of heart. 4. Depressing, dispiriting, saddening, sad, dis- heartening, melancholy, heavy, dark. Glorify, v. a. I. Extol, exalt, magnify, bless, honor greatly, praise highly, give glory to. 2. Brighten, make bright, add lustre to, make illustrious, elevate, exalt, ennoble, adorn, sur- round with a halo of imagination. Glorious, snarl, murmur, grumble. Gnarl, n. Protuberance, knot, contortion, snag, gnarled lump. Gnarled, a. Knotty, knotted, twisted, contorted, gnarly, full of knots. Gnarly, a. See Gnarled. Gnash, v. a. Strike together {the teeth), grind. Gnat, «. Culex. Gnaw, V. a. I. Bite, nibble, champ, nibble at, keep biting. 2. Corrode, eat away, wear away, consume, erode. Gnomon, «. Style (of a dial). Gnomonics, «. Dialling. Go, V. n. I. Move, pass, proceed, advance, make progress, go on. 2. Walk, go on foot. 3. Travel, journey, fare. 4. Depart, set out, go away. 5. Reach, extend. 6. Contribute, concur, tend, avail, have effect, be of use, be of service. 7. Fare, eventuate, turn out. 8. Be considered, be reckoned, be esteemed. 9. Be about, be on the point. Go, V. a. Accept, approve, endure, tolerate, bear, swallow. Go, n. I. Doings, case, business, action, circum- stance, state of facts. 2. Fashion, mode, vogue, custom. 3. Spree, rollicking time. 4. Bottom, endurance, power, stamina. 5. Spirit, fire, animation, rush, movement. Go, interj. Begone, avaunt, aroynt, get you gone, be off, go along, off with you, get along with you, go your way, go about your business. Go about. I. Endeavor, attempt, undertake, set one's self about. 2. {Naut.) Tack, change the course. Goad, n. Prick, point. Goad, V. a. I. Prick with a goad. 2. Harass, worry, sting, annoy, irritate, badger. 3. Incite, stimulate, instigate, urge, impel, spur, arouse, stir up, set on. Go ahead. Proceed, advance, go on, push on, press forward. Goal, «. I. Post {set to bound a race)., mark, mete, limit, bound. 2. Object, end, design, destination, aim, height of one's ambition. Goatish, «!. I. Goatlike, like a goat. 2. Lecherous, lustful, lascivious, salacious, lubric, lubricous. Goat-Siicker, n. Night-jar, wheel-bird, chum- owl {Caprimulgus Europceus). Go away. Depart, go off. Go a wool-gathering. Go on a fool's errand, go on a wild-goose chase, go on a sleeveless errand, reckon without one's host. Go hack. Return. Gohhle, V. a. Swallow {greedily)^ bolt, gulp. Gohhler, «. I. Gormandizer, gourmand. See Glutton. 2. (Col/oq.) Turkey-cock. Go hetween. Mediate, interpose. Go-between, «. Agent, broker, factor, inter- mediary, middle-man, daysman. Go beyond. Transgress, overstep, transcend, ex- ceed, surpass. Goblin, «. Hobgoblin, spectre, sprite, frightful apparition, evil spirit. Go by. I. Pass near. 2. Pass beyond, pass by. 3. Act by, act according to, act in obedience to. Go-by, n. Passing by, neglect to notice, avoid- ance, disregard, ignoring. God, n. I. Jehovah, Lord, Omnipotence, Om- niscience, Providence, Heaven, the Creator, the Maker, the Deity, the Godhead, the Infinite, the Eternal, the Omnipotent, the Preserver, the Father, the Trinitjr, the Holy Trinity, the Su- preme Being, the First Cause, the Author of all things, God the Father, Sovereign of the Uni- verse, the Eternal and Infinite Spirit, the Most High, the Supreme Goodness. 2. Deity, divinity, superhuman being, divine being. 3. Idol, worshipped image. Goddess, «. Female divinity. Godhead, «. I. Deity, divinity, godship. 2. [With The prefixed.] The Deity. See God, I. Godless, a. I. Irreligious, impious, profane, wicked, ungodly. 2. Atheistical, given to atheism. Godlike, a. Divine, heavenly, supernal, celestial. Godly, a. Pious, holy, righteous, religious, de- vout, saintly, saint-like, heavenly-minded. God- fearing, profoundly good. Go down. I. Descend. 2. Be swallowed. 3. Be received, be admitted, pass current, be swallowed. 4. Fail, perish, be destroyed, come to nothing, come to nought. God's Acre. Burial ground, churchyard, ceme- tery, graveyard. Godsend, «. Windfall, unexpected gift, good luck, piece of good fortune, piece of good luck, stroke of fortune. Godship, ft. Deity, divinity, godhead. Go for. I. Pass for, be taken lor, pass current for. 2. Favor, support, be in favor of, go in for. Go for nothing. Be of no use, have no effect or efficacy, be of no avail, be thrown away Go forth. I. Issue, go out. 2. Get abroad, become public. Goggle, V. n. Roll the eyes. Goggle, tt. Stare, owlish look, strained look. Goggled, a. Staring {as a full or prominent eye\ rolling. Goggle-eye, n. I. Rolling eye, staring eye. 2. Strabismus, squinting. Go halves. {Collog.) Share equally. Go hard with. Be disastrous to, have serious consequences for, have a narrow risk, put one in jeopardy. Go heels over head. Make or turn a somerset. Go in for. Favor, support. See Go for. Going on. I. Proceeding, advancing. 2. Progressing, in progress, in hand. Goings on. ( Colloq. ) Proceedings, conduct. Go it. I. Bear it, accept it, tolerate it, endure it, approve it 2. Keep it up, keep on, keep at it, go ahead. 3. Act recklessly, behave thoughtlessly, live on the rush. Goitre, «. [Written also Goiter.] Bronchocele, enlargement of the thyroid gland. Gold-cup, «. King-cup, buttercup {Ranunculus bulbosus). Golden, a. I. Of gold. 2. Bright, shining, splendid, resplendent, brilliant. 3. Yellow, of a gold color. 4. Excellent, precious, of great value. 5. Auspicious, favorable, opportune, pro- pitious. GOLDEN-ROBIN 191 GORGON 6. Delightful, glorious, happy, blest, halcyon. Golden-rol)!]!, «. Hang-bird, Baltimore oriole. Goldylocks, n. Cudweed, everlasting, immorielle. Gonfalon, I n. Ensign, standard, banner, flag, Gonfanon, ) pennon. Gonorrll(£a, «• ( Afed. ) Clap, blennorrhcea, blen- norrhagia, venereal disease. Good, a. I. Advantageous, beneficial, useful, profitable, serviceable. 2. Suitable, fit, proper, convenient, well adapted. 3. Virtuous, upright, religious, pious, right- eous, worthy, dutiful. 4. Excellent, valuable, precious, sterling, capital, admirable. 5. Kind, benevolent, humane, friendly, favor- able, gracious, merciful, obliging, well-disposed. 6. Unblemished, unimpeached, untarnished, unsullied, immaculate, fair, honorable. 7. Companionable, social, genial, lively, cheerful. 8. Able, skilful, ready, expert, dexterous, well qualified. 9. Competent {pecuniarily), of established credit). 10. Pleasant, agreeable, gratifying, cheering. 11. Considerable, tolerably great, pretty large. 12. Real, true, serious, unfeigned. Good, n. I. Benefit, advantage, profit, gain, utility. 2. Welfare, weal, prosperity, interest. 3. Righteousness, virtue, excellence, moral qualities. 4. Just actions, moral works. 5. Abundance, richness, best fruits. Good -breeding, «. Politeness, civility, courtesy, urbanity, affability, polish, good manners. Good-bye, } "• °^ ''*''''-^'' F^^^^^"' *'^>«"- Good cheer. Bountiful fare, high living, plenty to eat and drink. Good fellow. Boon companion, pleasant com- panion. Good-fellowship, n. I. Companionableness, sociability, companionship. 2. Merry society, pleasant company. Good fortune. Prosperity, success, good luck. Good graces. Friendship, favor. Good heed. Great care, due caution. Good-humor, «. Cheerfulness, cheer, joyousness, good spirits, flow of spirits. Good-hnmoredt a. Cheerful, buoyant, of a placid temper. Good luck. Prosperity, success, good fortune. Goodly, a, I. Beautiful, graceful, comely, good- looking. 2. Pleasant, happy, agreeable, desirable. 3. Considerable, pretty large. Goodman, n. I. Gafter. 2. Husband, master of the house. Good-nature, «. Kindliness, amiability, good- will, good feeling, kind-heartedness, fellow- feeling. Good-natured, a. Amiable, obliging, kind- hearted, good-tempered, kindly, friendly. Goodness, «. I. Excellence, value, worth. 2. Righteousness, virtue, integrity, upright- ness, probity, honesty, principle. 3. Kindness, benevolence, good-will, benig- nity, beneficence, humaneness, humanity. Good offices. Mediation, intervention, assist- ance, aid, help. Good opinion. Approbation, esteem, regard, favor- able opinion. Goods, ft. pi. I. Movables, effects, chattels, fbrniture. 2. Commodities, wares, merchandise. Good sense. Good judgment, sound under- standing. Good-tempered, a. Amiable. See Good-na- tured. Good turn. Service, kindness, benefit, kind office, act of kindness. Goodwife, «. I. Goodwoman, goody, gammer. 2. Wife, housewife, mistress of the house. Good-will, ». I. Benevolence, kindness. See GOOD-NATURH. 2. Earnestness, heartiness, ardor, zeal. 3. {Law.) Custom {of an established place of business), patronage, public favor. Goodwoman, «. See Goodwifb. Goody, n. Gammer. See Goodwife. Go on. I. Depart, go away, be off, go to a dis- tance. 2. Explode, be discharged. 3. Sell, be sold, be taken. 4. Die, decease, depart this life. Go on. I. Proceed, advance, go ahead, move forward. 2. Progress, make progress, get along. 3. Continue, persist, persevere, keep on, hold out. 4. Be put on {as a gartnent), be drawn on. Go on a fool's errand. Go on a wild-goose chase. See Go a wool-gathering. Go on a sleeveless errand. See Go a wool- gathering. Go on a wild-goose chase. See Go a wool- gathering. Go one's way. Depart, take one's departure, move on, set forth, jog on, be off. Go on tick. Run up a bill, run up a score, get trusted, go on credit, tick. Goosander, n. Dishwasher, wagtail, dun-diver {Mergus merganser or Mergus castor). Goose, n. I. Tailor's smoothing iron. 2. Simpleton, fool. See Dunce. Goose-grass, n. Cleavers, hariff, catch-weed, scratch-weed {Galium aparine). Go out. I. Issue, go forth. 2. Go abroad, go out of doors. 3. Expire, become extinct, be extinguished, be quenched, be put out. Go over. I. Read {cursorily), peruse, run over. 2. Examine, review. 3. Study, revolve, think over. 4. Pass over, change sides. Gopher, «. I. Mulo, pouched rat {Pseudostoma bursarius or Geomys bursarius). 2. Prairie squirreL Gor-COCk, n. Red grouse, red ptarmigan, red game, moor-cock {Lagopus Scoticus). Gor-crow, n. Carrion crow, common crow {Cor- vus corone). Gore, «. I. Blood, clotted blood. 2. Gusset, triangular piece {of cloth, etc). Gore, V. a. I. Stab, pierce. 2. Piece with a gore. Gorge, n. I. Ravine, defile, notch, deep and narrow pass. 2. Throat, gullet, oesophagus. 3. Stomach. Gorge, V. a. I. Swallow, devour, eat heartily, bolt. 2. Glut, satiate, cram, stuff, fill full, fill to repletion. Gorge, V. n. Feed or eat greedily, stuff one's self. Gorgeous, a. Showy, splendid, shining, glittering, bnlliant, dazzling, resplendent, magnificent, fine, rich, superb. Gorgon, «. Spectre, hobgoblin, ogre, fright, poker, bugaboo, hydra, frightful object. GORGON 192 GRADUS Gorgon, a. Gorgon-like, terrible, frightful, terrific, horrible, petrifying, paralyzing. Gorgonean, ) a. I. Of gorgons, pertaining to Gorgonian, j gorgons. 2. See Gorgon, a. Gormand, n. [Written also and usually Gour- fnand.'\ Gormandizer. See Glutton. Gormandize, v. n. Gorge, stuff, eat greedily, feed ravenously or excessively. Gormandizer, «. Glutton, gourmand. Gorse, «. Furze, whin, goss {Ulex Europoeus). Gory, a. Bloody, ensanguined. GosUng, n. Young goose. Go snacks. Share together, share and share alike. Gospel, n. I. [With The prefixed.] Christianity, revelation by Christ, Christian religion, divine revelation, the cross. 2. History of Christ {as given in the New Testament by one evangelist or collectively by all). 3. Doctrine, creed, principle of action. Goss, n. Furze. See Gorsh. Gossamer, «. Floating spider's web, filmy cob- web. Gossamery, a. Light, flimsy, unsubstantial. Gossip, n. I. Tattler, babbler, chatterer, gada- bout, idle talker. 2. Chat, chit-chat, tattle, prate, prattle, cackle, clack, small talk, idle talk. Gossip, V. n. Chat, tattle, prate, prattle, gabble, clack, cackle, talk idly. GotlUUnist, n. Blunderer, wiseacre, witling, pre- tender to wisdom, man of small wit. GotMc, a. I. Of the Goths. 2. North-Europeau, non-classic, non-Roman- esque. 3. Rude, barbaric, barbarous. Gothic, n. Gothic language. GotMcism, «. I. Gothic idiom. 2. Rudeness, barbarism, incivility. Go through. I. Execute, accomplish, finish. 2. Bear, endure, undergo, suffer. Go through with. Do thoroughly, execute effectually. Go to loggerheads. Come to blows, fall to loggerheads. Go to pot. {Colloq.) Go to destruction, be de- stroyed, be ruined, go to the dogs, go by the board, go to rack and ruin. Go to war. Fight, war, contend [in arms), take up arms, appeal to arms, wage war, draw the sword, unsheathe the sword, come to blows, measure swords, give battle, join battle, enter the lists, couch one's lance, take the field, let slip the dogs of war. Gourd-worm, n. Fluke, fluke-worm. Gourmand, «. [Written also but less commonly Gormand.'] I. Glutton, gormandizer, belly- god, belly-slave, greedy-gut, high liver, excessive eater. 2. Epicure, cultivator of the palate, connois- seur of cookery, gourmet. Gourmet, n. [Fr.J Epicure, refined feeder, cul- tivator of the palate, connoisseur of the cooking art. Go&t, n. [Fr.] Taste, relish, flavor, smack, savor, gusto, zest- Gout, n. Podacrra {which see). Gouty, a. Podagric, podagrical. Govern, v. a. I. Conduct, manage, supervise, regulate, have the direction of, have the charge of. 2. Direct, guide, steer. 3. Control, restrain, curb, bridle, rule, sway, command. Govern, v. n. Rule, have control, exercise au- thority, hold the reins, bear sway, have the charge. Governable, a. Controllable, manageable. Governante. See Governess. Governess, n. Governante, instructress, tutoress. Government, n. l. Rule, management, regula- tion, conduct. 2. Direction, guidance. 3. Control, command, restraint, sway, do- minion. 4. Polity, commonwealth, state, form of sov- ereignty, body politic. 5. Administration, body of executive officers, ruling power, powers that be. Governor, «. I. Ruler, director, manager, comp- troller, superintendent, overseer. 2. Executive, chief magistrate. 3. Tutor, instructor, guardian. 4. {Mech.) Regulator. Go your way. Avaunt, aroynt, begone, be off, get you gone, go along, off with you, get along with you, go about your business, go away. Grab, v. a. Snatch, clutch, seize violently, grip suddenly. Grace, n. I. Favor, kindness, condescension, benignity, love, good-will. 2. Divine goodness or favor, divine influence, God's love. 3. Piety, devotion, devoutness, holiness, re- ligion, sanctity, love. 4. Pardon, forgiveness, mercy. 5. Elegance, polish, refinement, accomplish- ment. 6. Beauty, symmetry, comeliness, graceful- ness, ease. 7. Short prayer {over food at table). 8. {Mus.) Embellishment {appoggiatura, shake, trill, turn). Grace, v. a. I. Adorn, decorate, beautify, em- bellish, deck. 2. Dignify, honor. Graceful, a. I. Elegant, comely, becoming, beautiful, full of grace. 2. Easy, natural, unlabored, flowing, rounded. Graceless, a. Depraved, degenerate, corrupt, profligate, reprobate, dissolute, abandoned, lost, shameless, obdurate, hardened, incorrigible, irre- claimable, wicked. Gracious, a. I. Benevolent, benignant, benign, favorable, kind, friendly, merciful, condescend- ing, compassionate, tender, lenient, mild, gentle. 2. Affable, familiar, courteous, civil, polite, familiar, easy. Gradation, «. Regular progress {step by step), reg- ular progression, succession, successive degrees. Grade, «. I. Rank, degree, step, stage. 2. Gradient, rate of ascent or of descent {as on a railroad). Gradient, «. Grade, rate of ascent or of descent. Gradual, a. I. Regular {step by step), progres- sive. 2. Slow, approximative, by degrees. Gradually, ad. I. Regularly, in due succession, progressively. 2. By degrees, step by step, little by little, by little and little, a little at a time, slowly, by slow degrees. Graduate, v. a. I. Mark with degrees, divide into regular intervals. 2. Adjust, adapt, proportion, regulate. 3. Confer a degree upon, honor with a degree, invest with a degree. Graduate, v. «. Take a degree, receive a diploma. Graduate, «. Laureate, recipient or bearer of a degree, alumnus or alumna. Gradus, «. Dictionary of prosody, prosodial dictionary. GRAFF 193 GRAVAMEN Graff, H. Ditch, moat, fosse. Graft, «. Shoot (inserted in attother tree\ sciou, sprout. Graft, V. a. Ingraft. Grain, n. I. Seed, kernel, matured ovule. 2. Corn (wheat, ryt, oats, barley, tnaize, etc.), cereals, cereal products. 3. Particle, atom, bit, scrap, jot, whit, mite, ace, iota, tittle, scintilla, trace, spark, shadow, glimmer. 4. Twentieth part of a scruple, twenty-fourth part of a pennyweight. 5. Fibre, texture. 6. Temper, disposition, humor. 7. Dye, tint, color, stain, tinge, hue, shade, tincture. Grallae, «. />/. [I*] Waders, wading birds, grallatores. Grallatores, «. //. [L.] See Grall^b. Gramineous, ) ^ r-^c.,,. Graminaceous, } ''• ^'^^^y- Graminivorous, a. Grass-eating, phytophagous. Grammar, ». I. Accidence, laws or rules of a language, forms of a language, correct mode of writing and speaking a language. 2. Propriety of speech, right use of language, art of speaking or writing correctly. 3. Treatise on grammar, manual or handbook of grammar, grammatical text-book. Grammarian, n. Adept in grammar, writer on grammar, grammatical author. Granary, «. Gamer, corn-house. Grand, a. I. Stately, lordly, princely, august, majestic, exalted, elevated, dignified, eminent, illustrious, great, high in power, of great dig- nity. 2. Magnificent, splendid, superb, glorious, noble, sublime, lofty. 3. Principal, chief, superior, main, leading. Grand-duke. «. I. Sovereign prince. 2. iZo'dl.) Great horned owl (Bubo maxi- mus). Grandee, «. Nobleman, noble, lord. Grandeur, «. I. Greatness, vastness, im- mensity, loftiness, elevation, imposing character. 2. Majesty, loftiness, stateliness, state, dignity, pomp, magnificence, augustness, splendor. Grandfather, «. Grandsire, grandpapa. Grandiloquence, «. Bombast, fustian, turgldity, lofty language, high-sounding words, lofty style of speech, high-flown language, altilocjuence. Grandiloquent, a. Bombastic, turgid, tumid, swelling, inflated, stilted, pompous, declamatory, rhetorical, high-sounding, high-flown, altiloquent. Grand-juror, «. Grand-juryman. Grand-juryman, «. Grand-juror, Grandmamma, n. Grandmother. Grandmother, «. Grandmamma. Grand-seiOlior, «. Sultan, sovereign of Turkey. Grand-Vider, «. Chief vizier, Turkish prime minister. Grange, ». I. Farm, farm-house, farming estab- lishment. 2. Farmers' association, agricultural society. Granger, ». Member of a grange, associated farmer. Grant, v. a. I. Admit, allow, concede, cede, yield. 2. Give {in ans7ver to a request), bestow, con- fer, vouchsafe, deign. 3. {Law.) Convey (by deed), transfer, make conveyance of. Grant, n. I. Gift, boon, donation, benefaction, bounty, largess, present, concession. 2. {Law.) Conveyance, cession. Granulate, v. a. Form into grains, reduce to grains. Granulate, v. n. Be formed into grains, become granular, roughen. Granule, «. Liitle grain, small particle. Grape, «. Fruit of the vine. Grape-sugar, «. Glucose, starch-sugar, diabetic sugar. GrapMc, a. Vivid, lively, picturesque, well- drawn, well-delineated, striking, tdling. GrapMte, «. Plumbago, black-lead. Grapple, v. a. Seize, gripe or grip, grasp, catch, clasp, clutch, lay hold of. Grapple, «. I. Close hug, close fight. 2. Grappling-irons. Grapple with. Struggle with, engage with, close with, contend with (in close fighi). Grappling-irons, ». /»/. Grapple. Grasp, V. a. Clasp, gripe or grip, seize, clinch, clutch, catch, grappie, lay hold of. Grasp, «. I. Clasp, gripe or grip. 2. Hold, possession. 3. Reach, power of seizing or of compre- hending, compass, scope. Grasp at. Catch at, try to seize. Grasping, a. Avaricious, covetous, rapacious, exacting, sordid, with an itching palm. Grass-eadng, a. Graminivorous, phytophagous, feeding on grass. Grass-plot, «. Lawii, green, greensward. Grassy, a. I. Gramineous, graminaceous, grass- like. 2. Grass-covered, grass-grown, full of grass. Grate, V. a, I. Rub, scrape, abrade. 2. Rasp, comminute, reduce to particles by rubbing. Grate, v. n. Be irritating, be disagreeable, be offensive. Grate, n. I. Grating, bars, lattice- work. 2. Fire-bed, receptacle for fuel. Grateful, a. I. Thankful, obliged, indebted, be- holden, under obligation. 2, Agreeable, pleasing, pleasant, gratifving. acceptable, satisfying, satisfactory, delightful, welcome, charming. 3._ Delicious, palatable, savory, nice, luscious, cordial, refreshing, invigorating. 4. Soothing, comforting, alleviating. Gratification, «. I. Gratifying, pleasing, satisfy- ing, satisfaction, indulgence, indulging. 2. Delight, satisfaction, enjoyment, pleasure, fruition. 3. Reward, recompense. Gratify, v. a. L Please, delight, give pleasure to, make glad. 2. Indulge, satisfy, humor, fulfil. Gratifying, a. Pleasing, agreeable, welcome, delightful, grateful. Grating, a. Harsh, irritating, displeasing, dis- agreeable, offensive. Gratis, ad. [L.l Gratuitously, freely, for noth- ing, without compensation or recompense. Gratitude, n. Thankfulness, feeling of obliga- tion, sense of obligation, thankful good-will, grateful love. Gratuitous, a. I. Voluntary, free, spontaneous, of one's own accord. 2. Free, without recompense, without com- pensation, unrecompensed, without any equiv- alent. 3. Unwarranted, unfounded, groundless, with- out proof, baseless, uncalled for, not necessi- tated. Gratuity, n. Present, gift, donation, benefaction, bountv, largess, grant, free gift, charitv. Gratulation, «. Congratulation, felicitation. Gratulatory, a. Congratulatory. Gravamen, «. (Law) Burden {of a charge), substance, essential point. 13 GRAVE 194 GRIEF Gravet v. a. I. Engrave, imprint, infix, impress deeply. 2. Carve, form by cutting. Grave, «. Pit {/or a dead body), sepulchre, tomb, ossuary, charnel-house, narrow house, long home. Grave, a. I. Important, weighty, serious, mo- mentous, cogent, of great consequence. 2. Sober, serious, sedate, thoughtful, staid, solemn. 3. Plain, sober, quiet, subdued. 4. (Mus.) Deep, not acute, low in pitch. Grave-clothes, «. //. Shroud, winding-sheet, cerements. Gravel, «. Sand, grit, small pebbles. Gravel, v. a. I. Cover with gravel. 2. Puzzle, embarrass, perplex, bewilder, stag- ger, pose, nonplus, put out Graver, «. I. Engraver. 2. Burin, engraving tool. Graveyard, «. Cemetery, necropolis,^ mortuary, churchyard, burial-ground, burying-ground, God's Acre. Gravitate, v. «. Tend by gravity. Gravitation, «. ^ Gravity, centripetal force, at- traction of gravitation. Gravity, «. I. Heaviness, weight. 2. Gravitation, centripetal force, attraction of gravitation. 3. Sobriety, seriousness, sedateness, thought- fulness, demureness. 4. Importance, moment, momentousness, weightiness, seriousness. Gray, a. [Written also Grey.] I. Hoary, black and white, ashen, ash-colored, grizzled. 2. Gray-haired, grajr-headed. Grayish, a. Grizzly, grizzled, somewhat gray. Grayling, «. Umber ( Thymallm vulgaris). Graze, v. n. I. Eat grass, feed upon grass. 2. Touch in passing, rub slightly together. Graze, v. a. I. Feed with grass, pasture. 2. Feed upon, eat grass from. 3. Shave, scrape, skim, touch lightly (m pass- ing over). , ^ „ Grease, n. I. Unctuous matter {lard, tallow, etc.), fatty or oily substance. 2. {Farriery.) Scratches. Grease, v. a. I. Smear with grease. 2. Bribe, give a douceur to, corrupt with gifts. Greasy, a. Unctuous, fat, fatty, oily, adipose, sebaceous, oleaginous. Great. «. I. Lar^e, big, vast, huge, bulky, ample, immense, gigantic, Herculean, Cyclopean, enor- mous. 2. Much, excessive, high. 3. Numerous, countless. 4. Considerable, important, weighty. 5. Distinguished, eminent, promment, exalted, elevated, excellent, noted, illustrious, celebrated, famous, famed, renowned, far-famed. 6. Grand, august, dignified, noble, majestic, sublime, elevated, lofty, exalted. 7. Magnanimous, generous, chivalrous, high- minded. 8. Sumptuou'?, rich, magnificent. 9. Hard, difficult, onerous, burdensome, grievous, 10. Chief, principal, main, leading, grand. 11. Superior, pre-eminent. Great, «. [With The prefixed.] Great persons, persons of rank, people of distinction Great Bear, «. [With The prefixed] Charles's Wain, the Wain, Ursa Major, the Dipper, the Cleaver. Great-bellied, a. Abdominous, large-bellied, bie- bellied, pot-bellied, tun-bellied, gor-bellied, paunchy, pursy. Greatest good. Supreme good, summutn bonum. Great-hearted, a. Noble, magnanimous, gener- ous, chivalrous, high-spirited, high-minded. Greatness, «. I. Largeness, magnitude, size, bulk, dimensions. 2. High degree. 3. Distinction, eminence, elevation, fame, re- nown. 4. Dignity, augustness, majesty, sublimity, loftiness, exaltation, nobility, nobleness. 5. Magnanimity, generosity, nobleness, disin- terestedness, chivalrous spirit. Grecian, a. See Greek, a. Grecian, «. I. Greek, native of Greece, Hellene. 2. Adept in Greek, proficient in the Greek language, Greek scholar, Hellenist. Grecism, n. Greekism, Hellenism. Greed, «. Eagerness, longing. See Greedi- ness. Greediness, «. I. Voracity, ravenousness, glut- tony, excessive hunger. 2. Eagerness, longing, greed, avidity, intense desire. 3. Grasping, graspingness, avarice, rapacity, selfishness. Greedy, a. I. Voracious, ravenous, gluttonous, rapacious, insatiable, insatiate. 2. Eager, very desirous. 3. Grasping, avaricious, rapacious, selfish. Greedy-gut, n. (Low.) Glutton, gormandizer, gourmand, gobbler. Greek, a. I. Of Greece, Grecian, Hellenic. 2. Grecian, classic, classical, after the Greek, in the manner of Greece. Greek, n. I. Grecian, native of Greece, Hellene. 2. Greek language. Green, a. I. Verdant, virid(rar^). 2. Flourishing, blooming, fresh, undecayed. 3. New, recent. 4. Unripe, not fully grown, immature. 5. Inexperienced, unskilful, inexpert, ignorant, raw, verdant. 6. Unseasoned, not dry. Green, n. I. Color mixed of blue and yellow. 2. Lawn, grass-plot, grassy plain, greensward. Greenhone, «. Sea-pike- See Gar-fish. Green-hroom, n. Green-weed, dyer's-weed {Genista tinctoria). Greenfinch, «. Green grossbeak {Coccoikrdustes chloris). Greenhorn, «. {Colloq.) Novice, mexpenenced youth, raw hand, tyro. Greenhouse, «. Conservatory. Greenness, «. I. Verdancy, viridity. 2. Vigor, freshness. 3. Unripeness, immaturity. Green-sickness, «. Chlorosis. Green-vitriol, «• Copperas, sulphate of iron {crystallized). ^ ^ j , j Green-weed, n. Green-broom, dyer's-weed {Genista tinctoria). ..,•,, Greet, v. a. I. Salute, welcome, hail, address, accost. 2. Compliment, send greeting to. Greeting, «. I. Salutation, welcome, salute. 2. Compliment, expression of good-will. Grenatite, «. Cross-stone, staurotide, staurohte. Grewsome, a. [Scotch.] Frightful, ugly, terrible, awesome, grisly, grim. Greylag, «. WM goose {A nser /ems). Grief, «. I. Sorrow, regret, affliction, distress, tribulation, woe, dole, sadness, bitterness, an- guish, miserv, acony, heartache, heartbreak, heavy heart, bleeding heart, broken heart, pain of mind, mental suffering. 2. Trial, grievance, cause of sorrow, sorrow, affliction, distress, woe. GRIEVANCE 195 GROUND-NUT Grievance, h. I. Hardship, wrong, injury, burden, oppression. 2. Grief, trial, cause of sorrow, sorrow, afflic- tion, distress, woe. Grieve, v. a. Afflict, pain, hurt, distress, sadden, agonize, break one's heart, wound the feelings of, make sorrowful. Grieve, v. n. Sorrow, mourn, lament, suffer, be- wail, feel regret, be sad, be heavy-hearted, be in pain of mind, be anguished. Grievous, a. I. Distressing, afflictive, afflicting, painful, sad, deplorable, lamentable, hard to bear. 2. Hurtful, mjurious, baneful, noxious, mis- chievous, detrimental, destructive, calamitous. 3. Atrocious, heinous, flagitious, outrageous, intolerable, dreadful, gross, iniquitous, flagrant, aggravated. Grig, n. I. Cricket, grasshopper. 2. Sand-eel. Grill, «. Gridiron, broiler. Grill, V. a. Broil, cook on a grill or gridiron. Grill-room, «. Broiling kitchen, room where grilled meats are served. Grim, a. I. Fierce, ferocious, ruthless, cruel, savage. 2. Frightful, horrible, hideous, grisly, appall- ing, dire, horrid, terrific, dreadful, of forbidding look. Grimace, n. I. Distortion of countenance, wry face, contemptuous face. 2. Smirk, affected face, affected contortion of countenance. Grime, «. Filth, dirt, foulness, foul matter. Grime, v. a. Begrime, sully, soil, befoul, defile, ingrain with filth. Grim-faced, a. Grim-visaged. Grim-visaged, a. Grim-faced. Grimy, a. Foul, begrimed, defiled, dirty, filthy, full of grime. Grin, v. n. Show the teeth {in laughing^ express- ing scorn, etc.). Grin at. Ridicule, deride, mock at, scoff at, jeer at, laugh at, gibe, p;ibe at. Grind, v. a. I. Tnturate, pulverize, bruise, bray, comminute by attrition. 2. Sharpen (by rubbing). 3. Grate, rub together. 4.. Oppress, harass, persecute, plague, trouble, afflict, be hard upon. Grinder, n. Molar, molar tooth, jaw tooth, double tooth. Grindery, «. [Eng.] Shoemakers' materials. Grindery-warehouse, «. Finding-store, store for the sale of shoemakers' materials. Grip, n. Grasp, clutch, clasp, gripe. Grip, V. a. Gra-sp, clutch, seize, seize hold of, catch, catch hold of, hold firmly, seize forcibly, hold fast. Gripe, v. a. I. Seize, clutch, grasp, clasp, snatch, lay hold of, grip. 2. Press, compress, squeeze, pinch, hold fast, grip. 3. Pain, distress, pinch, straighten , give pain to {espf daily in the bo7oels). Gripe, «. I. Grasp, clutch, hold, seizure, grip. 2. Affliction, distress, griping, pinching. Gripes, «. //. Colic, griping, pain in the bowels. Griping, «. I. Seizure, grasping. 2. Colic, gripes, pain in the bowels. 3. Affliction, distress, gripe. Grippe, «. [Fr.] Catarrh, influenza. Grisly, a. Frightful, horrible, horrid, terrific, hideous, appalling, dreadful, grim. Gristle, «. Cartilage. Gristly, a. Cartilaginous. Grit, n. I. Bran. 2. Sand, gravel, small pebbles. 3. Gritstone, gritrock. Grit, V. a. Grate, grind, gnash. Gritrock, n. Gritstone, grit. Grits, n. pi. Groats, hulled oats or hulled wheat. Gritstone, ». Grit, gritrock. Gritty, a. Sandy. Grizzled, a. Grayish, grizzly, gray. Grizzly, a. Grayish, grizzled, somewhat gray, a little gray. Groan, v. n. Moan. Groat, n. Fourpence. Groats, n.pl. Grits, hulled oats or hulled wheat. Groceries, n. pi. Grocers' commodities. See Grocery. Grocery, «. I. ^Eng."] Groceries. 2. \^U.S.\ Grocer's shop. Grog-s£op, n. Dram-shop, drinking-house. Groom, n. I. Waiter, servant, valet. 2. Stable-servant, hostler. 3. Bridegroom. Groove, n. Furrow, channel. Grope, V. n. Feel one's way {as in the dark), pick one's way, move blindly, move stumblingly. Gross, a. I. Large, big, bulky, great. 2. Dense, thick. 3. Coarse, rough, rude, unrefined, unseemly, unbecoming. 4. Indelicate, sensual, impure, vulgar, low, broad. 5. Enormous, flagrant, shameful, outrageous, grievous, aggravated. 6. Palpable, manifest, glaring. 7. Whole, total, entire, aggregate. Gross, H. I. Whole, total, aggregate, gross amount, sum total. 2. Twelve dozen. Crossness, n. I. Greatness, bulkiness, bigness. 2. Density, thickness. 3. Coarseness, rudeness, vulgarity, want of refinement, ill-breeding. 4. Indelicacy, impurity, coarseness, licentious- ness, sensuality, brutality, bestiality, carnality. Grot, n. Cave, cavern, grotto. Grotesque, a. I. Fantastic, fanciful, odd, whim- sical, extravagant, unnatural, wild, strange, bizarre. 2. Ludicrous, absurd, antic, buriesque, ridic- ulous. Grotesque, n. I. Capricious arabesque, whim- sical arabesque. 2. Whimsical, fantastic, odd, extravagant, or bizarre figure. Grotto, n. Grot, cave, cavern. Ground, n. I. Soil, earth, clod, turf, sod, loam, mould, surface of land. 2. Region, territory, country, land, domain. 3. Estate, acres, field, real property, landed estate. 4. Foundation, support, base, basis, ground- work, 5. Motive, consideration, reason, cause, in- ducement, account. Ground, v. a. I. Place on the ground. 2. Found, establish, base, fix, set. 3. Train in rudiments, make thorough in the elements. Ground, v. n. Run aground, get aground. Ground-hog, n. Woodchuck, American marmot {Arcfomys monax). Ground-ice, «. Anchor-ice, ground-gru. Grotind-ivy, «. Gill, alehoof, haymaids {NePeta glechoma, Glechoma hederacea). Groundless, a. Baseless, unfounded, unwar- ranted, unauthorized, false, gratuitous. Ground-nut, «. I. Pig-nut, hawk-nut, earth-nut, earth-chestnut (Bunium fiexuosiim). 2. Peanut, earth-nut (a rachis hypogeea). GROUND-PLATE 196 GUIDE 3. Wild bean (Aptos tuberosd). 4. Dwarf ginseng {A ralia trifolia or Panax irifoliuin). Ground-plate, «. Sill, ground-sill, groundsel. Grounds, «. //. I. Lees, dregs, sediment, grouts, precipitate, settlings. 2. Reasons, considerations, arguments, sup- ports, accounts. Groundsel, «. Senecio vulgaris. S^SSdif'!- S.",Erou„d-pla,e. Ground-squirrel, n. Chipmunk, hackee, chip- ping squirrel. Groundwork, «. I. Base, basis, substratum, foundation, support, bottom, ground. 2. Source, origin, first principle, basis. Group, «. Cluster, collection, assemblage, clump. Group, V. a. Arrange, dispose, assign places to, form into groups. Grouse, n. Heath-game. Grouts, n. pi. Lees. See Grounds, i. Grouty, a. {Colloq. ) Sullen, moody, sulky, surly, morose, cross, glum, grum, spleeny, cynical, crabbed, cross-grained, out of humor, out of temper. Grove, «. Wood, woodland, thicket, copse. See Forest. Grovel, v, n. I. Creep, crawl, sneak, fawn, cringe, lie low, lie prone, 2. Behave abjectly, be mean, be low, tend downward, tend to the base and mean. Grovelling, a. I. Creeping, crouching, squat. 2. Low, mean, base, vile, abject, servile, slavish, cringing, fawning, beggarly, sneaking, earth-born, undignified, unworthy, without ele- vation. Grow, V. n. I. Enlarge, increase, expand, swell, extend, be augmented, become {6}' degrees) greater or larger, 2. Vegetate, sprout, germinate, shoot, bour- geon, pullulate, put forth, shoot up, spring up. 3. Advance, improve, wax, extend, swell, make progress, make improvement. 4. Become, wax, come to be, get to be. 5. Adhere, become attached, get fastened. Grow, V. a. Raise, produce, cultivate. Grower, «. Producer, cultivator. Grow fat. Batten, fatten. Growing, a. Increasing, enlarging, expanding, extending, augmenting. Growl, V. n. Snarl, gnarl, grumble, murmur. Growl, n. Snarl, murmur. Grow out of. Issue, proceed from, come from. Growth, n. I. Increase, expansion, develofv ment, growing, extension. 2. Vegetation, sprouting, germination, shoot- ing, bourgeoning, pullulation, putting out. 3. Produce, product. 4. Advancement, advance, progress, improve- ment. Grow Up. I. Come to maturity, mature, 2. Come about, come to be, come to exist, arise. Grub, V. a. Dig, eradicate, dig up, root up, root out, grub up, Grut), V. n. Dig, be meanly employed. Grub, n. Caterpillar, larva, maggot. Grub-axe, «. Mattock, grubbing-hoe. Grubbing-hoe, «. See Grub-axe. Grudge, v. a. I. Grant with reluctance, give unwillingly. 2. Envy, begrudge, repine at, see with dis- content. Grudge, v. n. I. Be reluctant, be unwilling. 2. Repine, murmur, grieve, complain. 3. Be envious, feel envy, cherish ill-will. Grudge» n. Hatred {secretly and persistently entertained)^ pique, spite, malice, rancor, malev- olence, ill-will, inveterate dishke, sullen malice, secret hate, concealed enmity. Grudging, «. I. Envy. 2. Reluctance, unwillingness, disinclination. Gruff, a. Rough, churlish, rude, uncivil, un- courteous, ungracious, impolite, blufiF, blunt, harsh, brusk or brusque, grumpy. Grum, a. I, Sour, surly, morose, sullen, crabbed, grumpy, glum {colloq), grouty {collog.). 2, Guttural, rumbling, deep in the throat. Grumble, v. ti. I. Complain, murmur, repine, croak, find fault. 2. Growl, snarl, gnarl. 3. Rumble, roar. Grumbler, «. Murmurer, complainer, croaker, censurer, fault-finder, growler. Grumbling, «. Complaint, murmuring, repining, fault-finding. Grumous, a. Clotted, concreted, thick. Grumpy, a. Sullen, grum, sour, surly, irritable. Grunter, «. I. Hog, pig, swine. 2. Drum-fish, grunt, gurnard. Guarantee, «. [Written preferably Guaranty."] Surety, security, warrant, assurance. Guarantee, v. a. {Law.) Warrant, insure, guar- anty, become surety for, be responsible for, an- swer for. Guarantor, ». {Law.) Warrantor. Guaranty, v. a. Warrant, security, surety, as- surance. Guard, v. a. I. Protect, defend, shield, shelter, watch, keep in safety, attend for protection. 2. Provide against objections, secure against attack, make with caution. Guard, v. n. Watch, take care, be cautious, be vigilant. Guard, «. I. Defence, protection, shield, se- curity, bulwark, rampart, aegis, palladium, safe- guard. 2. Sentinel, sentry, watch, watchman. 3. Convoy, escort, conduct, body of defenders. 4. Circumspection, care, watchfulness, caution, attention, heed. 5. Conductor (o/ a coach ox of a railway train). Guarded, a. Cautious, wary, circumspect, watch- ful, careful. Guardian, «. I. Warden, keeper, protector, de- fender, preserver. 2. Guardian angel, tutelary saint, good genius, attendant spirit. Guardian, a. Protecting, tutelary. Guardsman, «. Watchman, sentinel, sentry, guard. Guerdon, «. {Poetical.) Recompense, remuner- ation, requital, reward. Guess, V. a. I. Conjecture, divine, surmise, sus- pect, mistrust, judge at random, judge with uncertainty. 2. Find out, solve, penetrate, fathom {hy con- jecture). 3. {.Now little used except in U. .S".] Suppose, think, believe, fancy, imagine, take it, dare say, venture to say. Guess, V. n. Conjecture, divine, surmise, suspect, mistrust. Guess, n. Conjecture, surmise, supposition. Guest, «. Visitor, visitant. Guffaw, n. Laugh {boisterous or loud), horse- laugh. Guidance, «. Direction, leadership, lead, con- duct, government. Guide, V. a. I. Lead, conduct, pilot. 2. Direct, rule, govern, manage, regulate, control, steer, preside over, have charge of, take the direction of. GUIDE 197 GYVES Guide, n. I. Director, conductor, pilot. 2. Mentor, monitor, adviser, counsellor, in- structor. 3. Clew, key, clavis. 4. Guide-book, itinerary. Guide-post, n. Finger-post. Guild, «■ Fraternity, association, society, com- pany, corporation, corporate body, joint concern {of craftsmen or tradesmen having like voca- tions). Guile, «• Cunning, craft, subtlety, artfulness, arti^ce, duplicity, deceit, deception, trickery, fraud, wiles, wilmess. Guileful, a. Crafty, wily, artful, cunning, deceit- ful, dishonest, insincere, double, fraudulent, tricky. Guileless, a. Artless, honest, sincere, undesign- ing, unsophisticated, frank, pure, truthful, candid, ingenuous, open, straightforward, single-minded, open-hearted, simple-hearted, simple-minded. GnulemetS, «. //. Quotation points or marks, marks of quotation, inverted commas. Guilt, n. I. Criminality, guiltiness, culpability. 2. Wrong, iniquity, wickedness, offensiveness, ill-desert. Guiltless, a. Innocent, sinless, spotless, un- spotted, unpolluted, immaculate, unsullied, un- tarnished, blameless. Guilty, a. I. Criminal, culpable, wicked, wrong. 2. Found in guilt, having violated law, actually transgressing, actually offending. Guinefl, n. Twenty-one shillings. Guinea-corn, n. Doura, Indian millet, negro-corn {Sorghum vuigare). Gtilnea-fowl, «. Guinea-hen {Numida meleagris). Guinea-hen, ». See Guinea-fowl. Guise, «. I. Appearance, aspect, garb, dress, form, shape, figure, fashion, manner, mode. 2. {Poetical.) Air, mien, demeanor, behavior. 3. Practice, habit, custom, manner, mode. Gulch, n. Ravine ( made by running water), gully. Gules, ». {Her.) Red. Gulf, n. I. Large bay. 2. Abyss, chasm, opening. 3. Whirlpool, swallowing eddy, engulfing sea. Gull, V. a- Deceive, cheat, dupe, trick, chouse, cozen, overreach, circumvent, beguile, impose Xn. n. I. Cheat, trick, deception, imposition, fraud. 2. Dupe, cat's-paw. 3. Mew, cob, seamew, sea-cob. Gullet, «. CEsophagus, gorge. GuUiWlity, «. (Colloq.) Weak credulity. Gullible, a. {Colloq.) Credulous, easily duped. Gully, n. Gulch, ravine. Gulp, V. a. Swallow greedily, bolt. Gumbo, «. {U. S.^ Okra {Abelmoschos escu- lentus). Gum-elastic, «. Caoutchouc, india-rubber. Gumption, »■ I. {Colloq.) Shrewdness, sagacity, discernment, skill, cleverness, ability, penetration, capacity, power, common-sense. 2. Magilp. Gum-rash, «. {Med) Red-gum. Gum-tree, n. I. Black-gum, sour-gum {Nyssa ntultiflorcC). 2. [I/. S.] Sweet-gum, liquidambar (Z.i^«^ ambar styraciflora). Gun, n. Fire-arm. Gun-cotton, ». Pyroxyline. Guns, n. pi. I. Fire-arms. 2. (Mil.) Cannon. Gurgle, V. n. Ripple, purl, murmur. Gush, v. n. I. Spout out, burst forth, rush forth {as a liquid), flow out suddenly. 2. Sentimentalize, be over-effusive, be carried away by feeling. Gush, n. I. Rush {as of a liquid), sudden efHux or outflow. 2. Effusive sentiment, sentimentalism, silly sentiment. Gushing, a. I, Rushing, issuing violently, flow- ing copiously. 2. Sentimental, demonstrative, exuberantly affectionate. Gusset, n. Gore. Gust, n. I. Taste. 2. Relish, zest, liking, gusto, gratification of appetite. 3. Pleasure, enjoyment, delight, delectation. 4. Turn, taste, fancy, favor. 5. Blast, squall. 6. Burst, outburst, fit, paroxysm. Gustable, a. Relishable, savory, pleasant to the taste, sapid. Gusto, n. Relish, zest, liking, gust. Gusty, a. Stormy, tempestuous, windy, squaUy, blustering. Gut, n. I. Intestine. 2. Strait, narrow pass. Gut, V. a. Eviscerate, disembowel, embowel, paunch, take out the bowels of. Guts, n. pi. Viscera, intestines, entrails, bowels, inwards. Gutta Serena. [L.] {Med.) Amaurosis, drop serene. Gutter, n. Channel, conduit, kennel. GuttunQ, a. I. Of the throat, formed in the throat. 2. Gruff, hoarse, deep, hoarse and low. Gny» «. I. Stay, shore. 2. Fright, dowdy, scarecrow. Gu2Zle, V. n. Drink (greedily or much), carouse, tipple, tope. Guzzle, V. a. Drink (greedily or much), quaff, swill, swig (colloq.). Gymnasium, «. I. Place for athletic exercises. 2. School, seminary, academy, high-school. Gymnast, «. Athlete, adept at gymnastics or athletics. G3annastic, a. Athletic. Gymnastics, «. pi. Athletic exercises, athletics. Gjpsum, n. Sulphate of lime {native). Gypsy, n. I. Fortune-telling nomad. 2. Brunette (tised in reproach). 3. Crafty man, crafty woman, cheat, wily one. 4. Gypsy language, Romany, chib, Romanes. Gyrate, v. n. Rotate, revolve, whirl, spin, turn round, wheel round, move in a circle- Gj^ation, n. Rotation, whirling, revolution, spin- ning, circular motion. Gyves, n. pi. Fetters, shackles, chains. HABILIMENT 198 HAMMER AND TONGS H Eabillment, n. Dress, garment, clothes, apparel, raiment, vesture, garb, nabit, costume, vestment. Eabit» ». I. Condition (e^^A^^^Jfl^). constitution, temperament. 2. Custom (of an individual), usage, wont, practice, habitude, way, manner, second nature. 3. Dress, garb. See Habiliment. HaUt, V, a. Dress, clothe, array, attire, accoutre. Habitable, a. Inhabitable. Babitancy, «. Inhabitancy, residence, legal set- tlement. Habitat, n. Natural locality (p/ a plant or an animal), area of distribution. Babitation, n. Abode, dwelling, lodging, domicile, quarters, headquarters, dwelling-place, place of abode, place of residence. Habitual, a. Usual, customary, accustomed, wonted, common, regular, ordinary, familiar, every-day. Habituate, v. a. Accustom, familiarize, inure, use, train, harden. Habitude, «. Custom, usage, practice, wont. See Habit. Hacienda, «. [Sp.] Plantation, farm, estate. Hack, V. a. Cut (.clumsily)^ hew, chop, mangle, hackle, haggle. Hack, n. I. Notch, cut. 2. Hired horse, worn-out horse. 3. Drudge, over-worked man. Hack, a. Hired, mercenary, hireling, hackney. Hackee, n. \.U. S.\ Chipmunk, striped squirrel, ground-squirrel, chipping squirrel. Hackle, v. a. I. Cut [.clumsily), hew, chop, hack, haggle, mangle. 2. Hatchel, dress {flax). Hackmatack, «. Tamarack, American larch, black larch (Larix pendula or Larix A mer- icana). Hackney, a. Common, hired, hack. Hackney-coach, «. Hackney. Hackneyed, a. I. Worn out, much used. 2. Common, commonplace, threadbare, trite, stale, beaten. Had as lief. Would as willingly, gladly, or freely, would as lief. Hades, «. Grave, invisible world, under-world, world below, Pluto's realms, region of the dead. Had like. Came near, had nearly, came little short of, came within a little of. Haft, n. Handle (of an instrument), stock. Hag, «. Fury, beldam, she-monster, Jezebel, virago, vixen, ugly old woman. Haggard, a. I. Wild, wayward, intractable, un- ruly, refractory, untamed, not domesticated. 2. Gaunt, lean, meagre, spare, worn, wasted, rawboned. Haggish, a. Ugly, deformed, horrid. Haggle, V. n. Higgle, chaffer, be tedious in a bargain. Haggle, V. a. I. Cut {clumsily), hew, chop, hack, hackle. 2. Worry, tease, harass, badger, annoy, fret, bait. Hail, V. a. I. Salute, greet, welcome, call in honor. 2. Call, call to, accost, signal, speak. Hail-fellow, n. Intimate, associate, companion. Hair-salt, «. Native sulphate of magnesia. Halcyon, n. Kingfisher. Halcyon, «. Placid, calm, quiet, still, peaceful. tranquil, undisturbed, unruffled, serene, palmy, happy, golden, halcyonian. Hale, a. Healthy, sound, strong, hearty, hardy, robust, well, in good health. Half, n. Moiety. Half -note, «. Minim, half a semi-breve. Half-seas-over, a. Fuddled, disguised, boozy, muddled, tipsy, mellow, corned, crapulous, slewed, muzzy, nappy, high, somewhat drunk, slightly intoxicated, in liquor, in one's cups, the worse for liquor, three sheets in the wind, has had a drop too much. Half-wit, «. Blockhead, simpleton. See Dunce. Half-witted, a. Dull, stupid, stolid, doltish, foolish, soft, silly, shallow, sappy, weak-headed, weak-minded, feeble-minded, shallow-brained, blunt-witted, dull-witted, thick-skulled. Half-yearly, a. Semi-annual. Half-yearly, ad. Semi-annually. Halicore, «. (Zodl.) Dugong. Hall, n. I. Large room, chamber. 2. Entry {o/a house), entrance, vestibule. 3. Manor-house. 4. Public room, assembly room, lecture room, room for entertainments. 5. Unendowed college {in English univer- sities). 6. Dining-room {in English universities). HaSelui& 1 '"^^^'- Hosanna, praise ye Jehovah. HaJUoo, V. n. Shout, call, cry out. Halloo, «. Holla, shout, call. Hallow, V. a. I. Consecrate, sanctify, dedicate, devote, make holy, invest with solemnity. 2. Reverence, honor, respect, venerate, pay homage to, render honor to. Hallowed, a. Holy, sacred, blessed. Hallow-e'en, ) «. Eve or vigil of All-Saints, the Hallow-even, J night of 31st October. Hallowmas, n. Feast of All-Souls. Hallowtide, «. Time or season of Hallowmas, season of All-Souls, time near the first of November or All-Hallows. Hallucination, n. I. Error, blunder, mistake, fallacy. 2. Illusion, delusion, self-deception, phantasm, aberration. 3. (Med.) Illusion of sense, sensible delusion, subjective perception. Halo, «. I. 'Rmz{o/ light). 2. (Painting?) Glory, aureole. Halt, V. n. I. Stop, hold, stand (still), stop short, pull up, come to a stop. 2. Limp, hobble, walk lamely. Halt, a. Lame, crippled. Halt, n. I. Stop, standj standstill. 2. Limp, limping gait. Halve, V. a. I. Divide into two equal parts, bisect. 2. Scarf (as timbers), join by a scarf. Hamadryad, «. Wood-nymph, nymph of the woods. Hamate, a. (Bot.) Hooked. Hamlet, «. Small village. Hammer, v. a. I. Forge, shape with the ham- mer, beat out, shape by beating. 2. Contrive, excogitate, invent, work out. Hammer and tongs. {Colloquial expression used adverbially^ Strenuously, vigorously, earnestly, zealously, resolutely, energetically, with all one's might, with might and main, tooth and nail, HAMMER-FISH 199 HAPPY through thick and thin, through fire and water, pugnis et calcibus. Hammer-fish, n. Balance-fish, hammer-head, hammer-headed shark (Zygaiui vulgaris). Hammer-head, n. See Hammhr-fish. Hammock, n. Swinging bed. Hamper, n. I. Crate, packing basket. 2. Fetter, shackle, clog-cliain. Hamper, v. a. Shackle, fetter, entangle, clog, en- cumber, restrain, hinder, impede, clog. Hamstring, v. a. Hough. Hand, n. I. Palm and fingers. 2. Palm, four inches {in estimating the height of a horse), hand-breadth. 3. Side (right or left), direction, part. 4. Skill, ability, talent, faculty, dexterity. 5. Handiwork, workmanship. 6. Mode of procedure, course, management. 7. Agency, intervention, participation, share. 8. Possession, control, power. ^ 9. Laborer, workman, operative, artisan, ar- tificer, craftsman, employee. 10. Index, pointer, indicator. 11. Chirography, handwriting, style of penman- ship. 12. Handful, bunch {usually of five). Hand, V. a. I. Give {with the hand), transmit, present, pass by hand. 2. Lead, conduct, guide. Hand and glove. Very intimate, very friendly, very familiar. Handbook, ». Manual. Hand-breadth, «. Palm, hand, four inches. Handcnff, n. Manacle, hand-fetter. Handcuff, v. a. Manacle. Hand down. Transmit in succession. Hand-fetter, «. Handcuff, manacle. Handful, n. Maniple. Handicraft, ». Manual occupation, trade- Handicraftsman, n. Artisan, mechanic, artificer, workman, hand, craftsman. Hand in hand. Conjointly, unitedly, in union. Handiwork, «. Work, workmanship, manufac- tare. hand. Handle, v. a. I. Touch, feel, feel of, take in the hand, take hold of. 2. Manage, use, wield. 3. Treat, discuss, discourse on, treat of. 4. Deal with, manage. Handle, ». I. Haft, stock, helve. 2. Bail Handmaid, ) »* -j .. /• , Handmaiden, } '*' Maid-senrant, female servant. Hands, n. pi. See Clutches. Handscrew, n. Jack. Handsel, «. [Written also Hattsel.'\ Earnest, first receipts, first-fruits, first gift, beginning of fortune, gift with promise. Handsel, v. a. [Written also Hansel.^ I. Give a handsel or earnest to. 2. Use for the first time, do for the first time. Hands off. Forbear, desist, keep off, don't touch it, let it alone. Handsome, a. I. Comely, well-formed, well- proportioned, stately, fine-looking. 2. Graceful, easy, becoming, appropriate. 3. Generous, liberal, disinterested, noble, mag- nanimous. 4. Ample, sufficient, plentiful, large. Hand to hand. In close fight. Handwriting, «. Hand, chirography, style of penmanship. Handy, a. I. Dexterous, adroit, ready, expert, skilful, skilled, clever. 2. Convenient, near, at hand, close at hand. Hang, V. a. I. Suspend. 2. Execute (iy the halter), hang by the neck. 3. Attach {so as to swing). 4. Incline {the head), decline, drop, droop, bend down, let droop. 5. Drape, adorn with hangings. Hang, V. n. I. Depend, dangle, be suspended. 2. Incline, droop, tend downward. 3. Depend, rely, be dependent. 4. Rest, cling. 5. Be held in fixed attention. 6. Hover, float, play. Hang hack. Demur, hesitate, be backward, be reluctant. Hang-bird, n. Baltimore oriole, golden-robin {Icterus Baltimore or Oriolus Baltimore). Hang-dog, n. Mean, base, or scurvy fellow, black- guard, bezonian. H£ag-dOg, a. Sneaking, base, low, blackguard, villanous, scurvy. Hanger-on, ft. Parasite, dependant, minion, vassal. Hang fire. Be long or slow in discharging {said of a gun). Hanging, n. I. Suspension. 2. Death by the halter, death on the gallows. Hangings, «. //. Drapery, tapestry. Hang on. I. Rely on, depend on, wait on, dance attendance on. 2. Continue, last, be protracted. 3. Stick, cling, keep hold, hold fast, hold on, stick to. 4. Weigh upon, drag, importune. 5. Stay, rest, reside, continue, remain. 6. Attend admiringly, regard with passionate admiration. Hang one's head. Feel ashamed, take shame to one's self, hide one's face, hide one's diminished head, draw in one's horns. Hang ont. Display. Hang over. I. Project at top, lean over. 2. Threaten, impend over. Hang together. I. Keep united, stick together, hold together. 2. {Colloq.) Be consistent {as the parts of a story). Hang up one's fiddle. {Colloq.) Quit business, shut up shop, give up one's occupation. Hanker after. Covet, long for, desire ardently, have a strong desire for, lust after. Hankering, n. Longing, craving, strong desire, burning want. Hap, n. Chance, fortune, accident, haphazard, luck, casual event. Haphazard, n. Chance, hap. Hapless, a. Luckless, unluckv, unfortunate, un- happy, wretched, miserable, ill-starred, ill-fated. Haply, ad. Perhaps, perchance, possibly, perad- venture {archaic), by chance, by accident, maybe, it may be, as luck may have it, as it may turn up, as it may happen. Happen, v. n. Chance, occur, befall, betide, come, take place, turn up, fall out, come to pass. Happily, ad I. Luckily, fortunately, by good fortune, as luck would have it. 2. Successfully, prosperously, fortunately, agreeably, delightfully, in a happy manner. 3. Gracefully, dexterously, skilfully, felici- tously. Happiness, «. I. Joy, delight, plea.sure, gayety, iight-heartedness, merriment, cheerfulness, bright- ness. 2. Felicity, bliss, beatitude, blessedness, en- joyment, welfare, well-beinc, prosperity. Happy, a. I. Joyous, ioyful, light-hearted, gay, merry, cheerful, blissful, blessed, blest. 2. Pleased, gratified, delighted, rejoiced, glad, gladdened, charmed. 3. Lucky, fortunate, prosperous, successful. HARANGUE 200 HARMFUL 4. Ready, apt, skilful, adroit, dexterous, ex- pert, able. 5. Seasonable, opportune, befitting, pertinent, felicitous, well-timed. 6. Auspicious, propitious, favorable, bright. Harangue, n. I. Speech, public address, popular oration, formal address. 2. Declamatory speech, bombastic perform- ance, tirade, screed. Harangue, v. n. I. Speak to a large assembly, make a formal address. 2. Declaina, spout, make a declamatory speech, indulge in a tirade. Harangue, v. a. Address, make an harangue to, make a formal or set speech to. Harass, v. a. I. Fatigue, tire, weary, fag, jade, exhaust, tire out. 2. Vex, plague, worry, distress, trouble, molest, disturb, harry, annoy, torment, keep in alarm, keep assaulting, drive from pillar to post. Harbinger, «. Forerunner, precursor, herald. Harl>or, «. I. Asylum, refuge, shelter, cover, sanctuary, retreat, resting-place, place of shelter. 2. Port, haven, harbor, destination. Harl}or, v. n. Take shelter, find a harbor, keep in harbor. Harbor, v. a. I. Shelter, lodge, protect. 2. Entertain, cherish, indulge, foster. 3. {Law.) Secrete, receive clandestinely. Hard, a. I. Firm, solid, compact, impenetrable, unyielding, rigid. 2. Difficult, embarrassing, perplexing, puz- zling, knotty, intricate, understood with diffi- culty. 3. Laborious, arduous, toilsome, fatiguing, wearying. 4. Unfeeling, unkind, insensible, unsuscepti- ble, cruel, oppressive, rigorous, exacting, severe, unyielding, inflexible, callous, obdurate, hard- hearted, unfeeling, unsympathetic. 5. Grievous, distressing, calamitous, painful, disagreeable, unpleasant. 6. Inclement, stormy, tempestuous, cold, severe. 7. Harsh, rough, sour, acid. 8. Coarse, unpalatable. 9. Unfavorable, unprosperous, unpropitious. 10. Stiff, constrained, forced, unnatural, un- graceful, rigid. 11. Excessive, intemperate. Hard, ad. I. Close, near. 2. Laboriously, diligently, earnestly, inces- santly, energetically. 3. With difficulty, not easily. 4. Distressfully, painfully, severely, rigorously. 5. Vehemently, forcibly, violently. Hard-a-lee, ad. {Naut. ) Close to the lee side. Hard-a-port, ad. {Naut. ) Close to the larboard side. Hard-a-Starboard, «' much, in a great degree, in a high degree. See High, in its various senses. High-mettled, a. I. Fiery, spirited. 2. Ardent, high-spirited, proud, quick, fiery, intense, excitable. See High-strung, 2. High-minded» «• I. Proud, arrogant, haughty, lofty. 2. Noble, honorable, elevated, lofty, great- minded, magnanimous, high-toned, firm in principle. High-priced, a. Costly, dear, high. High-priest, n. Chief priest. High-reaching, a. I. Reaching upward, lofty, towering, heaven-kissing. 2. Ambitious, aspiring. High-road, «. Highway, public road. High-school, n. School (of the first class for secondary education), academy, seminary, (in Germany) gymnasium. High-seasoned, a. Pungent, piquant, high- flavored, highly spiced. High-spirited, a. I. Spirited, bold, daring. See High-mettled. 2. Proud, high-strung. High-Stnmg, rt. I. Of great tension, excitable, stning to a high pitch, in a state of high tension. 2. Proud, high-spirited, sensitive, quick to honor. 3. Obstinate, persistent, intractable. High time. Quite time. High-toned, a. I. Acute, sharp, shrill, hieh. 2. Noble, honorable. See Htgh-mindkd, a. High-water-mark, «. Flood-mark. Highway, n. High-road, public road. Highwayman, «• Robber, footpad, bandit, brig- and, n-eebooter, marauder, outlaw, highway robber. High wine. I. Brandy. 2. Pure alcohol. High words. Strife, contention, quarrel, angry dispute, bickering, war of words. High-wrought, a. I. Impetuous, vehement, in- tense, swelling high, rising high. 2* Enthusiastic, impassioned. HILARIOUS 208 HOGGISH 3. Highly 6nished, finely elaborated, delicately and intricately wrought. Hilarious, a. Gay, jovial, jolly, joyful, merry, mirthful, in high spirits, exhilarated. Hilarity, «. Gayety, mirth, merriment, jollity, joviality, joyousness, exhilaration, cheerfulness, glee, high spirits. HUlf «■ Eminence {Jiess than a tnountain), mount, rising ground, elevation. Hillock, n. Knoll, mound, small hill, slight ele- vation. Hilt, n. Handle (of a sword). Bind, a. Back, hinder, posterior, rear. Hind, ». I. Female deer (of the stag or red deer). 2. Peasant, swain, boor, lout, rustic, clod-poll, bumpkin, clown, ploughman, bog-trotter, clod- hopper, countryman. Hinder, a. Hind, back, posterior, rear. Hinder, v. a. Prevent (^temporarily)^ impede, obstruct, stop, interrupt, retard, check, thwart, oppose, embarrass, encumber. Hinderance, n. [Written also Hindrance.^ Im- pediment, obstacle, stop, obstruction, interrup- tion, check, restraint, encumbrance. Hindmost, a. Last. Hinge, v. n. Turn, depend, hang, be dependent. Hinny, n. Mule. Hinny, v. n. Neigh, whinny. Hint, V. a. Suggest, intimate, insinuate, allude to, refer to, hint at, glance at, just mention, give an inkling of. Hint, «. Intimation, suggestion, insinuation, al- lusion, slight mention. Hint at. Suggest. See Hint. Hip, n. Haunch. Hipped, \ a. {Collog.) Melancholy, hypochon- Hippish, ) driacal, blue, dejected, depressed, low-spirited, in low spirits. Hippopotamus, «. River-horse. Hip-tree, «. [Written also Hep-tree.'] Dog-rose, wild-brier, hep-brier, hep-bramble {Rosa canina). Hire, v. a- I. Rent, secure (temporarily) for p^y- . . , . 2. Employ, take into service, take into one s employ. 3. Bribe, buy up, obtain one's services by cor- ruption. 4. [Usually with <7«^.] Let, lease. Hire, n. Wages, stipend, allowance, salary, pay, remuneration. Hireling', n. I. Mercenary, hired soldier. 2. Hired servant. Hireling, a. Mercenary, venal. Hirling, «. Salmon-trout, sea-trout (Salmo trutta). Hirsute, a. I. Hairy, shaggy, bristled, bristly. 2. Coarse, rough, rude, uncouth, boorish, un- mannerly, rustic, ill-bred, loutish. Hispid, a. Bristly, rough, shaggy. Hiss, «. Sibilation, hissing. Hiss, V. n. I. Sibilate. 2. Whiz, shrill, whistle, whir. Hiss, V. a. Condemn by hisses, scout, ridicule, damn. Hissing, «. I. Hiss. 2. Object of derision, scorn, or contempt. Historian, n. Chronicler, annalist, writer of his- tory. History, «. Account, narration, narrative, rela- tion, record, recital, story, chronicle, annals. Histrionic, ) a. I. Theatric, theatrical. Histrionical, 1 . 2. Acting, actor's. Hit, V. a. I. Strike, strike against. 2. Attain, reach, gain, win, secure. 3. Suit, fit, accord with, be conformable to, be suitable to. Hit, V. n. I. Clash, collide, come in contact, strike together. 2. Succeed, be successful, be crowned with success, come off successful, carry the point, gain the point. Hit, n. I. Stroke, blow, collision. 2. Chance, venture, fortune, hazard. 3. Happy remark, apt expression. 4. Lucky venture, good stroke, happy stroke. Hitch, V. n. I. Catch, get stopped, stick, get impeded. 2. Go by jerks. Hitch, V. a. P'asten, tie, attach, connect, unite. Hitch, «. I. Catch, impediment, obstacle, hin- drance, check. 2. Jerk, jerking motion. 3. (jNaut.) Knot, noose. Hither, ad. To this place, here. Hither, a. Nearest. Hitherto, ad. Yet, till now, to this time, up to this time, until this time, thus far. Hitherward, ad. This way, toward this place. Hit off. Imitate, personate, mimic, take off. Hit upon. Find, discover, find out, fall upon, light upon, chance upon. Hive, «. I. Habitation of bees, bee-hive, apiary. 2. Swarm of bees, swarm . Hive, V. a. I. Put into a hive. 2. Store, collect, gather. See Hoard. Hives, «.//. (Med.) Croup, rattles. Hoar, a. Hoary, white, gray. Hoard, V. a. Store (secretly), deposit, save, garner, husband, hive, accumulate, amass, treasure up, lay in, lay by, set by, lay up, lay away, hide away. Hoar-frost, «. White frost, frozen dew. Hoarse, a. I. Husky, raucous 2. Rough, grating, harsh, low, guttural. Hoarseness, n. I. Huskiness, raucity. 2. Roughness, harshness, grating character. Hoary, a. Hoar, white, gray. Hoax, n. Deception (for sport), cheat, fraud, imposition, imposture, canard, practical joke. Hoax, V. a. Deceive (jocosely), cheat, impose upon. Hobhle, V. n. Limp, halt, hop, walk lamely. Hohhle, V. a. Fetter, hopple. Hohhle, n. I. Limp, halt. 2. Perplexity, embarrassment, difficulty, strait, pickle. Hohbly, a. Rough (said of a road), uneven. Hohhy, n. I. Nag, pacing horse, garran. 2. Hobby-horse, wooden horse. 3. Favorite object, favorite pursuit, pet topic. Hohhy-horse, n. See Hobby, i and 2. Hohgohlin, n. Goblin, spectre, sprite, frightful apparition, evil spirit. Hobnail, n. I. Heavy nail, large-headed nail. 2. Clown, lout, bumpkin, churl, clod-hopper. Hohnoh, ad. At random, take or not. Hohnoh, v. n. Play pot companion, clink glasses, be jolly companions. Hohson's choice. That or nothing, no alternative. Hocus, V. a. I. Cheat, impose upon, chouse. 2. Drug one's drink. Hocus-pocus, n. I. Juggler, trickster, impostor, cheater, swindler, sharper. 2. Cheat, juggle, trick, deception, itnposition, imposture, delusion, deceit, artifice, circumven- tion, chouse, piece oi finesse. Hodge-podge, «• Medley, farrago, jumble, mix- ture, miscellany, salmagundi, hotch-potch, galli- maufry, olio, olla-podrida. Hoe-cake, «. \U. 6".] Johnny-cake. Hog, n. Swine, porker, grunter. Hoggish, a. I. Swinish, brutish, filthy. I 2. Greedy, grasping, selfish, mean , sordid. HOG-NUT 209 HOMELY Eosr-nnt, n. glabra). Pig-nut, broom-hickory {Juglans Hog-Sty, n. Hog-pen, pig-sty, pig-pen. Hoiden, a. [Wriiten 2i\%Q Hoyden.\ Rustic, rude, inelegant, uncouth, ungenteel, unlicked, hoideu- ish, roujili, rude, ill-taught, ill-behaved, ill- mannered. Hoiden. «. Romp, tomboy, rude bold girl. Hoidenisll, a. See Hoidkn, a. Hoist, V. a. Raise, lift, elevate, heave, raise up. Hoist, «. Lift, heave. Hold, V. a. I. Grasp, clutch, clinch, gripe <>rgrip. 2. Possess, retain, have, occupy, keep pos- session of. 3. Restrain, confine, detain, imprison, shut in, shut up, hem in. 4. Bind, fasten, unite, connect. 5. Stop, stay, arrest, suspend, withhold, keep in check. 6. Maintain, support, continue, sustain, prose- cute, keep up, carry on. 7. Embrace, entertain, cherish, take as true- 8. Think, regard, consider, believe, judge, esteem, count, account, reckon, deem. 9. Contain, admit, take in, have a capacity for. 10. Celebrate, solemnize. 11. Assemble, convene, call together. Hold, V. n. I. Be firm, be fast, continue un- broken, not break, not give way. 2. Continue, remain, persist, last, endure. 3. Adhere, cohere, cling, stick, cleave, remain attached. 4. Be derived, derive title. 5. Think, believe, be of opinion. 6. Stand, be true, prove good, hold true. Hold, ». I. Grasp, gripe ercritical, a. Over-critical, captiously critical. Hj^rcriticism, n. Captious criticism. HS^notiC, a. Soporific, somniferous. Hypnotic, n. Narcotic, soporific, opiate. Hypnotism, «. Sleepiness, lethargy. H3'TOChOUdria, «• (Med) Melancholy, spleen, vapors, depression, dejection, hypochondriasis, low spirits. Hypochondriac, «. Seek-sorrow, self-tormentor, victim of melancholy or hypochondria. Hypochondriacal, \ a. Melancholy, splenetic, l^rpochondriac, ) dispirited, dejected, de- pressed, hipped. Hypochondriasis, n. (Med.) Melancholy. See Hypochondria. Hypocrisy, n. I. Pharisaism, formalism, sancti- moniousness, cant, pietism, assumed piety. 2. Dissimulation, deceit, deception, impos- ture, pretence, false profession. HYPOCRITE 215 IDOL hypocrite, «. I. Pharisee, formalist, canter. 2. Dissembler, deceiver, impostor, pretender, cheat. HjPOCritiCt ) a. I. Pharisaical, canting, sanc- E(^^OCritical, J timouious. 2. Dissembling, insincere, false, hollow, de- ceitful, faithless. ^ypOg:e]le rocks. Primary rocks. Hypostasis, n. I. Substance, subsistence. 2. Person, personality. 3. Principle, element. Hypostatic imion. Incarnation. Hypothecate, v. a. Pledge (erfection. JUealism, n. Idealistic philosophy, theory that matter is the phenomenon of mind, theory that mind alone is absolute. Ideality, »• imagination, conception, invention, fancy. Idem. [L.] The same, ditto. IdentlClU, a. Same, selfsame, very same, one and the same, exactly the same, not diflfereut. Identify, v. a. I. Prove to be identical, prove to be the same, ascertain to be the same. 2. Make identical, regard as one, consider the same, take for identical, confound. IdentU^, v. n. Become identical, be the same. Identi^, n. Sameness. Ideology, n. I. Science of ideas, theory of the origin of ideas, doctrine of the evolution of ideas. 2. Sensationalism, sensualism, empiricism, sensuous theory of the origin of ideas, doctrine that all ideas are evolved from elementary sensations. Id est. [L.] That is. Idlocrasy, n. Peculiarity, idiosyncrasy, peculiar temperament. Idiocy, n. I. Condition of an idiot, imbecility, native irrationality, congenital imbecility- 2. Foolishness, imbecility, fatuity, feebleness of intellect, want of understanding. Idiom, «. I. Peculiar mode or turn of expres- sion {sanctioned by use in any language). 2. Genius {of a language), characteristic quality. 3. Dialect. Idiomatic, | a. Peculiar {as respects any mode Idiomatical, ) of expression). Idi083aicrasy, «. Peculiarity {of constitution), idiocrasy, peculiar temperament. Idiot, n. Fool, natural, natural fool, congenital imbecile, imbecile- Idiotic, ) a. I. Marked by idiocy, imbecile, Idlotical, J bom imbecile. 2. Pertaining to idiots, characteristic of idiots. 3. Foolish, sottish, fatuous. Idle, a. I. Unemployed, unoccupied, unbusied, inactive. 2. Indolent, lazy, slothful, sluggish, inert. 3. Vacant, unused, leisure. 4. Useless, ineffectual, bootless, finiitless, un- availing, vain, futile, abortive. 5. Trifling, trivial, unimportant, trashy, fool- ish, unprofitable. Idle away. Waste, spend in idleness. Idler, «. Drone, sluggard, laggard, lounger, daw- dler, trifler, doodle, slowback, inefficient person. Idol, n. I. Pagan, deity, false god. 2. Falsity, illusion, delusion, deluding as- sumption. IDOLATER 216 ILLUMINATE 3. Favorite, pet, darling. Idolater, «. I. Worshipper of idols. 2. Adorer, great admirer. Idolatry, «. I. Worship of idols. 2. Excessive love, extravagant fondness, ex- cessive veneration. Idolize, V. a. I. Deify. 2. Adore, reverence or love excessively, be extravagantly fond of. Idyl, «. [Written also /i/y//.] I. Bucolic, eclogue, pastoral, pastoral poem. 2. Short poem {highly lurou^ht). If, conj. I. Suppose that, admitting that, allovv- ing that, granting that, grant that, on the supposi- tion that. 2. Whether, whether or not. Igneous, a. I. Fiery. 2. Molten, produced under the action of fire. Ignis fatUllS. [L.] Jack-with-a-lantem, Jack-a- lantern, Will-with-the-wisp, Will-o'-the-wisp, corpse-candle. Ignite, V. a. Kindle, set fire to, set on fire. ^nite, V. n. Kindle, take fire, catch fire. Ignoble, a. I. Plebeian, vulgar, untitled, base- born, low-bora, mean, low, rustic, peasant, hedge- born. 2. Worthless, insignificant, mean, contempt- ible. 3. Dishonorable, disgraceful, base, unworthy, low. Ignominious, a. I. Dishonorable, disgraceful, shameful, infamous, scandalous, disreputable, opprobrious, full of ignominy. 2. Deserving ignominy, despicable, con- temptible, base, infamous. Ignominy, «. Dishonor, disgrace, discredit, dis- repute, shame, infamy, obloquy, contempt, op- probrium, odium, scandal, abasement. Ignoramus, «. Sciolist, smatterer, novice, wise- acre, greenhora, simpleton, numskull. See Dunce. Ignorance, ». Illiteracy, nescience, darkness, blindness, want of knowledge. Ignorant, a. Unlearned, uninstructed, unin- formedj uneducated, untaught, unenlightened, blind, illiterate, unlettered, dark. Ignorant of. Unaware of, unacquainted with. Ignore, v. a. I. Regard as unknown, shut one's eyes to, leave out of view, not recognize, not take into account, disregard, neglect, utterly overlook. 2. {Law.) Reject, set aside. HI, a. I. Bad, evil, unfortunate, unfavorable. 2. Wicked, wrong, iniquitous, naughty. 3. Sick, diseased, ailing, disordered, very un- well, indisposed, out of health, seriously mdis- posed. 4. Cross, crabbed, surly, peevish, malicious, hateful. 5. Ugly, ill-favored. HI, «. I. Wickedness, depravity, evil. 2. Misfortune, calamity, misery, harm, pain, evil, affliction. HI, ad. I. Badly, not well. 2. With difficulty, not easily. Hl-advised, a. injudicious, unwise, imprudent, foolish, ill-judged. niation, n. Inference, deduction, conclusion. niative, a. Inferential, deductive. ni-ljred, a. Impolite, uncivil, uncourteous, dis- courteous, uncourtly, unpolished, uncouth, rude, ill-behaved, ill-mannered. Hl-breedlng, «. Impoliteness, incivility, rude- ness, discourtesy, ill manners, coarseness, uu- couthness, gaucherie. Illegal, a. Unlawful, illicit, unlicensed. Illegality, n. Unlawfulness, illicitness. Illegible, a. Unreadable, impossible to be read, undecipherable, indecipherable. Illegitimate, a. I. Unlawfully begotten, born out of wedlock. 2. Spurious, not genuine. 3. Unauthorized, unlawful, illicit, improper. m-fated, a. Luckless, unlucky, unfortunate, ill- starred. ni-favored, a. Ugly, homely, plain, ill-looking. Hl-flavored, a. Unsavory, unpalatable, disagree- able in taste. ni-humor, n. Fretfulness, peevishness, petu- lance, testiness, ill-temper. Illiberal, a. I, Parsimonious, stingy, miserly, nig- gardly, penurious, ungenerous, sordid, covetous, mean, selfish, close, close-fisted. 2. Uncharitable, narrow, narrow-minded. Illicit, a. I. Unlawful, illegal, illegitimate, un- authorized, unlegalized, unlicensed. 2. Improper, forbidden, wrong, guilty, crim- inal. Illimitable, a. Boundless, infinite, unbounded, immense, vast. Illiteracy, «. I. Ignorance, want of learning, want of literary culture. 2. Inability to read and write. Illiterate, a. I. Uninstructed {in books), unlet- tered, unlearned, untaught, ignorant. 2. Unable to read and write. ni-judged, a. Unwise, injudicious, imprudent, foolish^ ill-advised. ni-looking, a. Ugly, homely, plain, Ill-favored. Hl-mannered, a. impolite, uncivil, uncourteous, discourteous, uncourtly, unpolished, uncouth, rude, ill-behaved, ill-bred. ni-nature, «. I. Malevolence, unkindness, ha- tred, enmity, ill-will. 2. Moroseness, sullenness, sourness, acerbity, acrimoniousness, bitterness, ill-temper, bad temper. ni-natured, a. I. Malevolent, unkind, disoblig- ing, unfriendly, unamiable, hateful. 2. Morose, sullen, sulky, cross, churlish, crabbed, sour, perverse, wayward, crusty, petu- lant, cross-grained, ill-tempered, acrimonious, bitter. niness, «. Disease, sickness, indisposition, ailing, ailment, complaint, disorder, distemper. Illogical, a. Inconclusive, inconsequent, falla- cious, incorrect, unsound, inconsistent. niogicalness, «. Inconsequence, inconclusive- ness, inconsistency. Dl-proportioned, a. Misshapen, misproportioned, shapeless, ill-shaped, ill-made, awkvvard. ni-provided, a. Ill-furnished, scantily supplied, poorly equipped. Hl-Spent, a. Wasted, misspent. Hl-Starred, a. Unlucky, luckless, unfortunate, ill-fated, unhappy. Hl-temper, «. Moroseness, sullenness, sulkiness, crabbedness, crossness, perverseness, bad temper. See Ill-nature. Hl-tempered, a. Morose. See Ill-natured. ni-timed, a. Unseasonable, untimely, inoppor- tune, inapposite, irrelevant, out of place. m -treat, v- a. Maltreat, injure, abuse, ill-use. HI turn. I. Unkind ,act, unkindness, wrong, unfriendly turn. 2. (Colloq.) Slight illness. Hlude, V. a. Mock, deceive, disappoint, cheat, balk, dupe. Hliune, V. a. {Poetical.) Illuminate, light up, light. Hluminate, v. a. I. Light, illumine, illume, sup- ply with light. 2. Adorn with lights {as a building), light up. 3. Adora with colored letters. ILLUMINE 217 IMMENSE 4. Enlighten, illumine, make wise, instruct, inspire, give insight. niomine, v. a. I. Light, illuminate, illume, supply with light. 2. Enlighten. See Illuminate, 4. Blasionf n~ Delusion, hallucination, deception, error, fallacy, mockery, fantasy, phantasm, chimera, false show. Ulusive, I a. Deceptive, deceitful, delusive, fal- Illusory, ) lacious. Illustrate, v. a. I. Elucidate, explain, exemplify, make clear, make plain, throw light upon. 2. Adorn with pictures. BlllStratioil, n. I. Elucidation, explanation, exemplification. 2. Illustrative picture. Illastrative, a. Explanatory, elucidative. lUastriouS, a. I. Glorious, splendid, brilliant, bright, radiant. 2. Famous, famed, noted, distinguished, re- nowned, celebrated, conspicuous, eminent, signal, remarkable. Ill-will, «. Malevolence, unkindness, malice, enmity, hate, hatred, rancor, uncharitableness, ill-nature, envy, grudge. Image, n. I. Statue. 2. Idol, object of worship. 3. Likeness, effigy, figure, similitude, resem- blance, picture, representation of an object ^reaZ or fane ted). 4. Trope, figurative expression. Image* v. a- I. Form an image of. 2. Fancy, picture. See Imagine. Imagery, «. I. Phantasm, phantom, vision, dream, fanciful forms. 2. Tropes, figures of speech, figurative lan- guage. ImagUiabley a. Conceivable. Imaginary, a, I. Visionary, ideal, fancied, fanci- ful, chimerical, dreamy, unreal, illusory, illusive, shadowy, wild. Quixotic, Utopian. 2. Hypothetical, supposed, assumed. Imagination, ». I. Conception (««zV^^ «///A /^ faculty of recontbining ideas so as to form a neiv creation)^ invention, ideality, creative power, plastic power, fancy, fantasy. 2. Imaginative faculty, faculty of original con- ception, faculty of invention, esemplastic faculty, power to mould the manifold of experience into new unities. 3. Imaging power, vision of the past as pres- ent or of the possible as actual, reproductive perception, anticipatlve perception. 4. Mental image, idea, conception, notion. 5. Contrivance, scheme, device, plot. 6. Illusion, arbitrary notion or supposition, fanciful opinion, fancy. Imaginative, a. Inventive, creative, plastic, poet- ical, esemplastic. Imagine, v. a. I. Conceive, image, fancy, picture, picture to one's self, figure to one's self. 2. Devise, contrive, project, frame, invent, mould, create. 3. Suppose, assume, take for hypothesis, make the hypothesis. 4. Think, believe, suppose, apprehend, deem. Imagine, v. n. Suppose, think, opine, believe, deem, assume, fancy, dream, take it into one's head, have a notion. Imbecile, a. I. Weak, feeble, infirm, helpless, decrepit. 2. Foolish, witless, drivelling, idiotic, fatuous. Imbecile, n. I. Dotard, feeble person. 2. Idiot, natural, congenital imbecile. Imbecility, «. I. Weakness, feebleness, debility, infirmity, helplessness. 2. Foolishness, childishness, idiocy, fatuity. Imbibe, v. a. I. Absorb, take in, suck in, suck up, swallow up. 2. Receive, gather, acquire, gain, get, pick up Imbitter, v. a. [Written preferably Embitter.^ 1. Make bitter. 2. Make unhappy or grievous. 3. Exasperate, madden, enrage, anger. Imbosom, v. a. [Written preferably Embosom.\ 1. Hold in the bosom. 2. Enclose, surround. SKted,}- (^"^-J Overiapplng. Imbroglio, «. [It.] I. Intricate plot. 2. Complication, complexity, entanglement, embarrassing situation, complicated misunder- standing. Imbrue, v. a. Wet, moisten, steep, soak, drench. Imbrute, v. a. Brutify, brutalize. Imbue, V. a. I. Tinge, dye, stain, tint, tincture, color. 2. Tincture deeply, pervade, infuse, steep, bathe, impregnate, inoculate. Imitate, v. a. I. Copy, follow, pattern after. 2. Mimic, ape, mock, personate, impersonate, take off. 3. Parody, travesty, burlesque, turn into bur- lesque. Imitation, n. I. Copying, imitating. 2. Copy, resemblance, likeness. 3. Mimicry, mocking. 4. Parody, travesty, burlesque. Imitative, a. I. Imitating, copying. 2. Mimicking, aping, apish. Imitator, n. Copyist. Immaculate, a. I. Spotless, unspotted, stainless, unsullied, unsoiled, untainted, unblemished, un- tarnished, undefiled, clean, pure. 2. Innocent, guiltless, sinless, faultless, pure, saintly, stainless, holy, untainted by sin. Immanence, n. Inherence, indwelling. Immanent, a. I. Intrinsic, inherent, internal, indwelling. 2. {Met.) Empirical, remaining within the bounds of experience, belonging to the world of sense. Immaterial, a. I. Incorporeal, unbodied, un- fleshly, spiritual, supersensible. 2. Unimportant, insignificant, unessential, non-essential, of no importance, of no conse- quence. iSSStlSfe,}- Spirituality, incorporeity. Immature, «. I. Unripe, crude, green, raw, un- formed, unprepared, rudimental, imperfect, un- finished. 2. Premature, hasty, untimely, unseasonable, out of season. Immatureness, ) n. Unripeness, cradeness, crud- Immaturity, / ity, incompleteness, greenness, rawness. Immeasurable, a. Illimitable, limitless, bound- less, unbounded, measureless, immense, infinite. Immediate, a. I. Proximate, close, near, next. 2. Direct, without other agency, unmediated. 3. Instantaneous, instant, present. Immediately, ad. I. Closely, proximately. 2. Directly, without any intervention. 3. Instantly, forthwith, just now, without delay, this moment, directly, instanter. Immemorial, a. Beyond memory, that cannot be remembered, olden, ancient, hoary, reaching back beyond tradition. Immense, a. ^ I. Illimitable, boundless, un- bounded, unlimited, interminable, measureless, infinite. 2. Vast, enormous, prodigious, stupendous; IMMENSITY 218 IMPASSIBILITY huge, gigantic, colossal, Cyclopean, Herculean, very great. Immensity, n. I. Infinity, infinitude, boundless- ness, illimitableness. 2. Vastness, hugeness. 3. Infinite extension, boundless space, space. Immerge, v. a. See Immekse. Immerge, v. «. Plunge out of sight, disappear, enter within a bound. [Opposite of Emerge.] Immerse, v. a. I. Dip, plunge, immerge, sub- merge, overwhelm, sink, douse, souse, duck. 2. Involve, engage, absorb, sink. Immersion, n. I. Dipping, plunging, immersing. 2. Engagement, absorption. 3. (Astron.) Disappearance, occultation. 4. Baptism by dippmg or immersion. Immersionist, «• Baptist, believer in immer- sion. Immesh, v. a. Entangle (as in the meshes of a net), ensnare. Immetliodical, a. Unsystematic, irregular, un- methodical, confused, desultory, disorderly. Immethodically, ad. Irregularly, confusedly, un- systematically, in a desultory fashion, in a dis- orderly manner, pell-mell, helter-skelter. Imminent, a. I. Impending, threatening, im- pendent, near at hand. 2. Threatening harm, perilous, dangerous, alarming. Immitigable, a. Not to be mitigated, that can- not be mitigated, unappeasable, that cannot be allayed or assuaged. Immobile, a. I. Fixed, motionless, steadfast, stable, inflexible, immovable. 2. Rigid, stiff, expressionless, without play of features, dull, stolid. Immobility, «. I. Unmovableness, immovable- ness, immovability, fixity, fixedness, moveless- ness, steadfastness, stability. 2. Inflexibility, rigidity, stiffness, lack of ex- pression, lack of play in features, dulness, stolidity. Immoderate, a. Inordinate, excessive, unreason- able, extravagant, exorbitant, intemperate. Immodest, a. I. Indelicate, indecorous, shame- less, gross, coarse. 2. Bold, forward, brazen, impudent, destitute of proper reserve. 3. Impure, obscene, indecent, smutty, lewd, unchaste, filthy, coarse, gross, broad. Immodesty, «. I. Indelicacy, indecorum, gross- ness, coarseness, shamelessness, impudicity. 2. Boldness, forwardness, brass, impudence, want of proper reserve, impudicity. 3. Impurity, obscenity, lewdness, unchastity, smuttiness, indecency, impudicity. Immolate, v. a. Sacrifice, offer up, offer in sac- rifice, kill as a victim. Immolation, «. I. Sacrifice, sacrificing, act of sacrifice. 2. Sacrifice {offered). Immoral, a. I. [Said of actions.'] Wrong, wicked, vicious, sinful, corrupt, loose. 2. \,Said of persons^ Bad, wicked, unprin- cipled, depraved, loose in behavior, profligate, dissolute, vicious. 3. \Said of habitual conduct.] Loose, de- praved, unprincipled, dissolute. Immorality, «. I. Wickedness, vice, sin, sinful- ness, depravity, corruption, corruptness, de- moralization, criminality, profligacy, want of principle. 2. Immoral action, sin, vice, wrong, wrong act. Immortal, a. I. Undying, deathless, ever-living, imperishable, incorruptible, unfading, indestruc- tible, indissoluble, never-dying. 2. Eternal, everlasting, endless, perpetual, ceaseless, never-ending. 3. \,By hyperbole.] Lasting, enduring, per- manent, abiding, lasting through all time or as long as the world endures. Immortality, «. I. Exemption from death, deathlessness, indestructibility, incorruptibility, incorruption. 2. Perpetuity, unlimited existence, endless life, eternal continuance 3. Perpetual fame, exemption from oblivion. Immortalize, v. a. I. Exempt from death, make immortal. 2. Perpetuate, make everlasting. 3. Perpetuate in memory, exempt from ob- livion, make forever famous. Immortelle, n. [Fr.] Cudweed, everlasting, goldylocks. Immovable, a. I. Fixed, firm, stable, not to be moved. 2. Steadfast, unshaken, unalterable, unchange- able. 3. (Law.) Real. Immunity, n. I. Freedom, exemption, release, exoneration. 2. Privilege, prerogative, right, liberty, charter, franchise. Immure, v. a. I. Confine, shut up. 2. Imprison, incarcerate. Immutability, «. Unchangeableness, changeless- ness, invariableness, invariability, constancy, permanence, stability. Immutable, a. Unchangeable, invariable, un- alterable, undeviating, inflexible, constant, per- manent, stable, fixed. Imp, n. Sprite, hobgoblin, flibbertigibbet, little demon or devil, malignant spirit. Impact, 7z. I. Impulse, shock, impression, stroke. 2. Collision, impinging, contact, striking. Impact, V. a. Pack together, pack close, press close together, drive firmly together. Impair, v. a. I. Deteriorate, injure, vitiate, make worse, harm. 2. Lessen, diminish, decrease, make less. 3. Weaken, enfeeble, enervate. Impale, v. a. I. Thrust upon a stake, kill by impaling. 2. Fence, surround with palings, enclose with palisades. Impalpable, a. I. Intangible, very fine, delicate, attenuated, not palpable, not to be felt, not per- ceptible by the touch. 2. Imperceptible, shadowy, indistinct, inap- prehensible, unsubstantial. Impanation, n. Consubstantiation, Lutheran doc- trine of the Eucharist. Imparadise, v. a. Put in paradise, enrapture, raise to bliss, transport, enravish, ravish, exalt to supreme felicity. Impart, v. a. I. Give, grant, bestow. See Confer. 2. Communicate, divulge, disclose, reveal, tell, make known. Impartial, a. Unbiassed, unprejudiced, candid, disinterested, equitable, just, fair, honorable, even-handed. Impartiality, «. Disinterestedness, candor, equi- tableness, justice, fairness, honor, honorableness, fair play. Impassable, a. Impervious, impermeable, im- penetrable, pathless, affording no passage, that cannot be travelled. Impassibility, «. I. Impassiveness, insensi- bility, impassivity, lack of feeling, indifier- ence. 2. Incapability of suffering, insusceptibility to pain or grief, impassivity, impassiveness, sover- IMPASSIBLE 219 IMPLICATION tiga omnipotence, unconditioned existence, self- activity. Impassible, a. I. Impassive, insensible, indiffer- ent, insusceptible. 2. Incapable of suffering from external condi- tions, self-active, omnipotent, above pain <^ grief. Impassionedt a. Passionate, vehement, impetu- ous, glowing, intense, excited, animated, fervid, fervent, zealous, warm, ardent. Impassive, a. See Impassible. Impatience, «• I. Disquietude, restlessness, un- easiness. 2. Vehemence, impetuosity, haste, eagerness, precipitation. 3. Lack of forbearance, want of patience, irri- tability, irritableness, heat, violence of temper. Impatient, a. I. Unquiet, uneasy, restless. 2. Hasty, precipitate, vehement, impetuous, eager. 3. Without forbearance, irritable, hot, violent, vehement, testy, fretful. Impawn, v. a. Pawn, pledge, put in pawn. Impeach, v. a. I. Arraign, accuse, indict. 2. Arraign for malfeasance in office, accuse of maladministration. 3. Discredit, asperse, call in q^uestion, censure, denounce, disparage, criminate, nnpair, lessen. Impeccability, n. Sinlessness, fauitlessness, im- maculateness, innocence, purity, incapability of wrong. Impeccable, a. Sinless, faultless, immaculate, stainless, incapable of wrong. Impede, v. a. Hinder, obstruct, stop, clog, check, retard, delay, interrupt, thwart, restrain, block, encumber. Impediment, «. Hindrance, obstruction, ob- stacle, check, bar, difficulty, stumbling-block, encumbrance. Impel, V. a. I. Drive, push, urge, put in motion, press on, urge forward 2. Induce, move, persuade, influence, insti- gate, incite, actuate, stimulate, set on, stir up. Impend, v. m. I. Threaten, hang over, be immi- nent, be in store, stare one in the face. 2. Be near, draw near, approach, be at hand. Impendent, a. Impending, threatening, immi- nent, near at hand- Impenetrable, a. I. Not to be penetrated, not to be pierced. 2. Dull, obtuse, senseless, insensible, indiffer- ent, impassive, unsympathetic, stolid, cold. 3. Unfathomable, reticent, that keeps his own counsel, not to be found out. Impenitence, J «. Obduracy hardness of heart, Impenitency, ) stubborn smfulness, want of re- pentance, refusal to repent, lack of contrition. Impenitent, a. Uncontrite, unrepentant, obdu- rate, hardened, seared, recusant, relentless, in- corrigible, irreclaimable. Imperative, a. I. Commanding, authoritative, peremptory. 2. Binding, obligatory. Imperceptible, a. I. Invisible, undiscemible, not to be perceived. 2. Fine, minute, very small, impalpable. Imperfect, a. I. Defective, incomplete, faulty, not entire. 2. Weak, frail, erring. Imperfection, n. I. Defectiveness, &ultiness, incompleteness, want of perfection. 2. Defect, lack, fault, blemish, stain- 3. Weakness, frailty, liability to err, limitation. 4. Weakness, frailty, foible, failinc, vice. Imperial, a. I. Belonging ffr relating to an empire 2. Kingly, regal, royal, sovereign. 3. Majestic, grand, exalted, magnificent, no- ble, great, regal, royal, kingly or queenly, su- preme, sovereign, consummate. Imperioos, a. Dictatorial, magisterial, domineer- ing, tyrannical, despotic, overbearing, lordly, haughty, arrogant. Imperishable, a. Indestructible, everlasting, un- fading, eternal, perennial, immortal, never-end- ing, incorruptible. Impermeable, a. Impervious, impenetrable, im- passable. Impersonate, v. a. I. Personate, take or act the part of, act, enact, imitate, ape, mimic, mock, take off. 2. Incarnate, personify, invest with person- ality. Impersonation, n. I. Incarnation, personifica- tion, bodily manifestation, investment with per- sonality. 2. Impersonating, p>ersonating, enacting, rep- resentation, imitation, mimicking. SperUnency, } "; ^' /'•'•elegance, irrelevancy. 2. Rudeness, intrusiveness, impudence, inso- lence, incivility, sauciness, forwardness, bold- ness, presumption, effrontery, pertness, assurance, face, front, brass, brazen face. • 3. Impertinent action, piece of impertinence, piece of rudeness, etc Impertinent, a. I. Irrelevant, inapposite, inap- plicable, not to the point, not pertaining to the matter in hand, non-pertinent. 2. Intrusive, meddling, officious, insolent, rude, impudent, saucy, forward, pert, bold, mala- pert, unmannerly. Imperturbability, «. Calmness, coolness, com- posure, collectedness, equanimity, placidity, self-possession, freedom from agitation. Imperturbable, a. Calm, cool, composed, un- moved, undisturbed, tranquil, unruffled, collected, placid, inexcitable, sedate, not to be disturbed. Impervious, a. Impermeable, impenetrable, im- passable. Impetuosity, «. Vehemence, violence, fury, pre- cipitancy, precipitation, haste, headlong energy or force. Impetuous, a. Vehement, violent, furious, fierce, passionate, precipitate, hasty, hot, over-zealous, headlong. Impetus, ». Momentum, force, propulsive force. Imijliety, «. I. Irreverence, ungodliness, irreli- gion, profanity. 2. Ungodliness, wickedness, unrighteousness, sin, sinfulness, iniquity, unholiness. 3. Act of impiety, sin, iniquity. 4. Unfilial character, lack of filial devotion. Impinge, v. n. Strike, hit, fall against, strike against, dash against, clash uiwuj collide with. Impious, a. Irreverent, ungodly, irreligious, blas- phemous, wicked, sinful, unrighteous, unholy, iniquitous, profane. Implacability, n. Vindictiveness, rancor, inexor- ablenesE, relentlessness, inappeasableness, mer- cilessness. Implacable, a. Vindictive, inexorable, unrelent- ing, relentless, rancorous, unappeasable, inap- peasable, merciless, pitiless- Implacableness, n. See Implacability. Implant, 7/- Tunnel-Shaped. Infuriate, I a. Enraged, raging, incensed, furi- Infuriated, ) ous, wild with anger. Infuse, V. n. I. Instil, ingraft, implant, inspire, breathe into, introduce, inculcate. 2. Introduce, diffuse, shed. 3. Steep (/« liquor), macerate. Infusion, n. I. Introduction, inculcation, instil' lation. INFUSORIA 231 INJURY 2. Infusing, steeping, macerating. 3. Steeped liquor. Infusoria, »• //. Animalcules, animalcula. Ingathering:, «. Harvest. In general. I. Generally, in the main, for the most part, in most cases, with few exceptions. 2. Generally, upon the whole, speaking gener- ally, to sum up, in a genet al way, to speak summarily. Ingenious, a. I. Inventive, gifted, able, saga- cious, clever, bright, ready. 2. That shows invention, exhibiting ingenuity. Ingenuity, «. Inventiveness, ingeniousness, acuteness, skill, readiness, ability, capableness, capacity, faculty, aptitude, aptness, cleverness, knack, turn, gift, genius. Ingenuous^ a. Artless, frank, open, candid, sin- cere, guileless, honest, downrightj straightfor- ward, truthful, simple-minded, smgle-minded, open-hearted, transparent, childlike, naive. Ingenuousness, n. Artlessness, frankness, can- dor, sincerity, honesty, truthfulness, openness, guilelessness, single-mindedness, open-hearted- ness, childlikeness, naivete. Inglorious, a. I. Obscure, mean, lowly, humble, unknown, undistinguished, nameless, unmarked, unnoted, unhonored. 2. Shameful, disgraceful, humiliating, scan- dalous, ignominious. Ingloriousness, n. I. Obscurity, meanness, humbleness, lowliness, namelessness, want of fame, lack of distinction. 2. Abasement, discredit, disrepute, d'shonor, disgrace, ignominy, ignominiousness, obloquy, shame, infamy, opprobrium, odium, humiliation. In good case. In good condition, in good health, well, sound, hearty, hale. Ingraft, v. a. I. Graft 2. Infix, implant, instil, infuse, inculcate. Ingrain, v. a. I. Dye in the grain. 2. Imbue, impregnate. Ingratiate one's self. Commend one's self, get one's self into favor. Ingratitude, «. Unthankfulness, thanklessness. Ingredient, n. Element, constituent, component, component part. Ingress, «. Entrance, entry. Inguinal, a. {Anat) Of the groin. Ingulf, V. a. [Written also Engulf. ^ Absorb, swallow up, overwhelm, whelm. Inliablt, v, a. Occupy, dwell in, live in, reside in. Inhabit, v. «. Dwell, reside, sojourn, live, abide. Inhabitable, a. Habitable. Inhabitant, \ n. Dweller, resident, denizen, citi- Inhabiter, S zen. Inhalation, n. Inspiration, inhaling. Inhale, v. a. Inspire, breathe in, draw into the lungs. ShSS^l,}''- InJiarmonious. Inharmonious, a Discordant, unmusical, inhar- monic, unharmonious, out of tune. Inhere, v. n. I. Stick, stick fast, be fixed. 2. Exist {as a part), be fixed {as a quality), belong, pertain, be immanent. Inherent, a. I. Sticking fast, adhering. 2. Innate, native, natural, inborn, inbred, in- grained, essential, inseparable. Innerit, v. a. Get from ancestors, receive by inheritance, come into possession of as an heir. Inheritance, n. I. Inheriting. 2. Heritage, patrimony. Inheritor, «. Heir. Inhibit, v. a. I. Restrain, hinder, check, re- press, obstruct, bar, debar, stop. 2. Prohibit, forbid, interdict. Inhibition, «. I. Restraint, hindrance, impedi- ment, obstacle, obstruction, check. 2. Prohibition, interdiction, iuterdict, disallow- ance, embargo. Inhibitory, a. Prohibitory. In high feather. In good health, in good (spirits, in good condition. Inhospitable, a. I. Unfriendly {to strangers), unkind, not hospitable. 2. Ungenerous, narrow, illiberal, unreceptive, intolerant, bigoted, prejudiced. Inhospitality, «. Want of hospitality. Inhuman, a. Barbarous, brutal, savage, cruel, ruthless, pitiless, remorseless, merciless, fell, ferocious, unfeeling. Inhumanity» »• I. Barbarity, brutality, savage- ness, cruelty, ferocity. 2. Hard-heartedness, hardness of heart, un- kindness. Inhume, v. a. Bury, inter, entomb, deposit in the earth. Inimical, a. I. Hostile, unfriendly, antagonistic. 2. Adverse, unfavorable, opposed, contrary, repugnant, hurtful, harmful, noxious, pernicious Inimitable, a. Unparalleled, unequalled, unex- ampled, incomparable, unrivalled, unmatched, un- paragoned, matchless, peerless, above imitalion, surpassing imitation, supreme, consummate, be- yond compare. Iniquitous, a. Unjust, unrighteous, unfair, in^ equitable, wrong, wicked, sinful, nefarious, hei- nous, flagitious. Iniquity, «. I. Injustice, unrighteousness, wick- edness, sin, sinfulness. 2. Sin, crime, misdeed, wicked act, offence Initial, a. I. First, at the beginning, at the bead. 2. Incipient, commencing, beginning, in the first stages Initial, n. First letter {of a fiatne). Initiate, v. a. I. Introduce, give entrance to. 2. Indoctrinate, instruct, teach 3. Begin, commence, open, inaugurate, enter upon. Initiation, n. I. Introduction, admission, en- trance. 2. Instruction, indoctrination. 3. Beginning, inauguration, commencement, opening. IniHative, a. Inceptive, initiatory. Initiatiye, n. I. Beginning, first step. 2. Power to begin, power to originate. Initiatory, a. Initiative, inceptive Inject. V. a Throw in, dart in. Injection, «. I. Injecting. 2. Cly-ster, enema, lavement. In jest. In joke, in sport, jestingly, sportively, not in earnest. In joke. See In jest. Injudicious, a. Unwise, indiscreet, imprudent, inconsiderate, foolish, rash, incautious, hasty, ill- judged, ill-advised. Injunction, n. Command, order, precept, man- date. Injure, v. a. I. Maltreat, wrong, abuse, do wrong to, do an ill office to, treat unjustly. 2. Harm, hurt, damage, spoil, impair, mar, disfigure, do harm to. Injurious, a. I. Wrongful, iniquitous, unjust, inequitable. 2. Hurtful, detrimental, prejudicial, pernicious, deleterious, noxious, deadly, baneful, mischiev- ous, damaging, disadvantageous, destructive, ruinous, fatal. 3. Contumelious, detractory, libellous, slan- derous. Injury, n. I. Wrong, injustice. INJUSTICE 232 INSENSATE 2. Hurt, damage, harm, detriment, mischief, prejudice. Injustice, n. I. Unfairness, unjust or inequita- ble nature or character. 2. Wrong, grievance, piece of injustice. Inkhorn, «. Inkstand. Inkling;, n. Hint, intimation, whisper, sugges- tion. Inkstand, ». Inkhom. Inky, a. Black, atramentous- Inlaid, a. Decorated with inlaying or inlaid work. Inland, a, I. Interior, internal. 2. Domestic, not foreign, home. Inlay, v. a. Decorate with inserted material. Inlet, n. I. Entrance, passage, place of ingress. 2. Bay, bight, cove, creek. In limine. [L.j At the outset, at the beginning, on the threshold. In little. In miniature, on a small scale. In loco. [L.] In the proper or natural place. Inmate, «.^ Occupant, dweller, denizen. In memoriam. [L.] In memory, to the mem- ory of. Inmost, a. Innermost, deepest, most inward. Inn, « Tavern, hotel, cabaret, public-house, house of entertainment Innate, a. Inborn, inbred, native, natural, inher- ent, organic. Inner, a. Interior, internal. Innermost, a. Inmost, deepest, most inward. Innkeeper, «. Innholder, host, landlord, tavern- keeper. Innocence, «. I. Harmlessness, inoflfensiveness, innocuousness, innoxiousness. 2. Guiltlessness, sinlessness, blamelessness, guilelessness, purity, simplicity, stainlessness. Innocent, a. I. Harmless, inoffensive, innocuous, innoxious 2. Guiltless, sinless, faultless, blameless, im- maculate, spotless, pure, clean, clear, guileless, upright, unfallen. 3. Not guilty, free from the guilt (of a particu- lar crime). Innocuous, a. Harmless, inoffensive, innoxious, innocent. Innovate, v. n. Introduce novelties, make changes, make innovations. Innovation, n. I. Change, introduction of nov- elty. 2. Novelty, radically new measure, violent departure from established precedent. Innoxious, a. Harmless, inoffensive, innocuous, innocent. In nuce. [L.] In a nutshell, in a small compass. Innuendo, n. Insinuation, remote intimation, in- direct allusion, oblique hint, sly suggestion. Innumerable, a. Numberless, countless, not to be counted, that cannot be numbered. Inoculate, v. a. I. Bud. 2. Vaccinate. Inoculation, n. I. Budding. 2. Vaccination. Inodorous, a. Scentless, without odor or smell. Inoffensive,^. Harmless, unoffending, innocuous, innoxious, innocent. In one's cups. Drunk, drunken, intoxicated, in- ebriated, tipsy, fuddled, muddled, maudlin, dis- guised, mellow, in liquor, half-seas-over, three sheets in the wind, has had a drop too much. Inoperative, a. I. Inactive, inefficacious, in- effectual, of no effect 2. Out of force, not in force. Inopportune, a. Unseasonable, untimely, ill- timed, not opportune. Inordinate, a. Immoderate, extravagant, exces- sive. Inorffical, } "*' Unorganized, inanimate. Inosculate, v. n. {Bot. and A ttat. ) Anastomose, unite at the ends {as veins or arteries). Inosculate, v. a. Unite by apposition or contact. Inosculation, «. {Bat. and a fiat) Anastomosis, In part. Partly, in some degree. In posse. [L.l Possible, in possibility, poten- tially existent, germinal, in germ. In print.^ Printed, published, issued. In propria persona. [L.] in one's own person. In puns naturalibus. [L.] Quite naked. Inquest, «. I. inquisition, judicial inquiry {espe- cially by a coroner). 2. Jury {particularly a coroner's jury). Inquietude, «. Uneasiness, disquiet, disquietude, restlessness, anxiety. Inquire, v. n. [Written also Enquire.'\ I. Ask, question, seek information {by questioning), make inquiry. 2. Make investigation, make examination. Inquire, v. a. [Written also Enquire.'^ Ask about, make inquiry about, ask. Inquire into. Examine, investigate, sift, canvass, follow up, look into. Inquirer, «. Searcher, investigator. Intquiry, «. I. Interrogation, question, query, interrogatory. _ 2. Investigation, examination, research, scru- tiny, study, exploration. Inquisition, «. Inquest, judicial inquiry. Inquisitive, a. I. Curious, inquiring, scrutiniz- ing, given to research, fond of investigation. 2. Curious, prying, intrusively curious. Inroad, «• Irruption, foray, incursion, raid, en- croachment, partial invasion, predatory incursion. Insalubrious, a. Unhealthy, unwholesome, un- healthful, noxious, unfavorable to health Insane, a. Deranged, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad, distracted, demented, delirious, out of one's mind, out of one's head, out of one's senses, out of one's wits. InsanitFr «• Derangement, lunacy, craziness, dementia, mania, madness, delirium, aberration of mind, alienation of mind, loss of reason. Insatiability, n. Insatiableness. Insatiable, a. I. Insatiate, unappeasable, not to be satisfied, that cannot be sated. 2. Greedy, voracious, rapacious. Insatiableness, «. insatiability. Insatiate, a. See Insatiable. Inscribe, v. a. I. write, engrave. 2. Imprint, impress. 3. Address {as a literary work), dedicate. Inscrutability, «. See Insckutableness. Inscrutable, a Undiscoveable, unsearchable, impenetrable, incomprehensible, inexplicable, un- fathomable, hidden, mysterious, past comprehen- sion, above comprehension, not to be understood. Inscrutableness, n. Inscrutability, impenetra- bility, incomprehensibihty, incomprehensibleness, unfathomableness, mysteriousness, mystery, in- explicability, unsearchableness. Insecure, a. I. Uncertain, not sure, risky. 2. Uncertain, not confident. 3. Unsafe, unprotected, ill-protected, exposed, exposed to risk or danger, in danger, 4. Dangerous, hazardous, perilous. 5. Unstable, infirm, weak, shaking, tottering. Insecurity, «. I. Uncertainty, risk, riskiness. 2. Danger, hazard, peril. 3. Dangerousness, hazardousness, perilous- ness. 4. Instability, weakness, tottering condition or character. Insensate, a. I. Dull, torpid, indifferent, in- sensible. INSENSIBILITY 233 INSPIRE 2. Stupid, senseless, foolish, destitute of sense. 3. Inanimate^ insentient, unconscious, insen- sible, unperceiving, non-percipient, destitute of sensation or p>erception. Insensibility, «• I. Torpor, lethargy, dulness, want of sensibilitjr. 2. Apathy, indifference, insusceptibility. 3. Dulness, stupidity. 4. Unconsciousness, suspension of conscious- ness, loss of sensibility, suspension of feeling. Insen^ble, a I. Imperceptible, imperceivable, not discoverable. 2. Insensate, dull, stupid, torpid, brutish, senseless, without sensibility. 3. Unfeeling, apathetic, phlegmatic, unsus- ceptible, unimpressible. Insensibly, ad. Imperceptibly. Insentient, a. Inert, senseless, non-sentient. See Insensate, 3. Inseparability* «• Inseparableness. Inseparable, a. I. Indivisible, not to be sep- arated. 2. Indissoluble, not to be severed or sundered. 3. Extremely intimate, constantly together, always in each other's company. Inseparableness, n. Inseparability. Insert, v. a. Set in, place in, put in. Insessores, «. //. [L.] (Omit ft.) Perchers, perching birds. Insessorial, a. (Ornith.) Perching. Inside, ft. Interior, interior part, inner part. Inside, a. Interior, internal, inner, intimate. Inside, prep. Within, inside of, in the interior of InsldiOttS, a. I. Artful, sly, wily, guileful, arch, crafty, cunning, subtle, intriguing, designing, deceitful, treacherous, crooked, trickish, tricky, foxy, snaky, diplomatic, Machiavelian. 2. Secret, deceptive, that creeps upon one unawares, delusively gradual. Insight, «• I. Deep view, thorough knowledge, discerning look, intelligent grasp. 2. Discernment, penetration. penetrating vision or judgment, spontaneous understanding, quick perception. Insignia, n. pi. [L.] Badges of office, marks of distinction. Insignificance, «. Unimportance, paltriness, triviality, emptiness, nothingness. Insienificant, a. I. Without meaning, not sig- nincant. 2. Unimportant, paltry, petty, empty, trivial, trifling, immaterial, unessential, of little conse- quence, of little account, of no moment. Insincere, a. False, faithless, truthless, untrue, disingenuous, uncandid, dishonest, hollow, hypo- critical, Pharisaical, double-tongued, double- faced, dissimulating, dissembling. Insincerity, n. Duplicity, hypocrisy, dissimula- tion, deceitfulness, disingenuousness, dishonesty, falseness, faithlessness, bad faith. Insinnate, v. a. I. Introduce gently. 2. Ingratiate, push artfully. 3. Instil {artfully), infuse, inculcate. 4. Hint, suggest, intimate, hint or suggest remotely (something unfavorable or discredit- able). Insinuation, n. I. Infusion, instillation, gentle introduction. 2. Ingratiating one's self, getting one's self into favor. _ 3. Disresoectful or calumnious hint, sugges- tion, intimation, or innuendo. Insipid, a. I. Tasteless, gustless, savorless, vapid, mawkish, stale, flat. 2. Spiritless, lifeless, heavy, stupid, dull, frigid, tame, prosaic, prosy, uninteresting, unen- tertaining. Insipidity, \n. I. Tastelessness, vapidness. Insipidness, ( mawkishness, unsavoriuess, stale- ness, flatness, lack of zest 2. Dulness, lifelessness, stupidity, tameness, prosiness, heaviness, lack of interest, uninterest- mg character. Insist on. Urge, press earnestly, persist in de- manding, insist upon. Insistence, n. Urging, urgency, importunity, solicitousness, persistent urgency. Insist upon. See Insist on. In situ. [L.] I. (Min.) In the original position, as originally deposited or formed. 2. In its proper place. Insnare, v. a. [Written also Efisnare.] I. En- trap, catch. 2. Inveigle, ailure, seduce. 3. Entangle, embarrass, perplex, confound, bewilder. Insolate, v. a. I. Expose to the rays of the sun. 2. Dry in the sun. Insolation, n. I. Exposure to the rays o{ the sun. 2. Drying in the sun. 3. Sun-stroke, siriasis, caup-de-soleil. Insolence, «. I. Insulting rudeness, overbearing contempt, haughty disrespect, contumely. 2. Impertinence, impudence, sauciness, pert- ness, malapertness. 3. Contumacy, frowardness, impudent disre- spect, insulting disobedience or insubordination. Insolent, A- I. Rude, abusive, overbearing, dom- ineering, contemptuous, insulting, contumelious. 2. Impertinent, impudent, saucy, pert, mal- apert. 3. Insultingly disobedient or insubordinate, impudently or outrageously disrespectful (to si^ periors)^ froward, contumacious. Insolubility, n. Insolubleness. Insoluble, a. I. That cannot be dissolved or melted or liquefied, indissoluble, in dissolvable. 2. Insolvable, inexplicable, that cannot be solved, not to be explained. Insolubleness, n. Insolubility. See preceding adjective. Insolvable, a. Inexplicable, that cannot be solved, not to be explained. Insolvency, «. Bankruptcy. Insolvent, a. Bankrupt. Insomnia, «. [L.l (Med.) Wakefulness, sleep- lessness, indisposition to sleep, inability to sleep. Inspect, V. a. I. Examine, scrutinize, investi- gate, look into, pry into. 2. Suf)erintend, supervise, oversee. Inspection, n. I. Examination, scrutiny, inves- tigation. 2. Superintendence, supervision, oversicht. Inspector, ». ^ I. Examiner, censor, critic, visitor. 2. Superintendent, supervisor, overseer, boss. Inspiration, n. I. inhalation, breathing in. 2. Afflatusj supernatural influence. 3. Divine mfluence or aflflatus, theopneusty. 4. Inspired sUte or character, divine authority or authorization. 5. Elevation, inspiriting, elevating influence. 6. Exaltation, lofty mood, enthusiasm, enthu- siastic impulse, elevating sentiment. 7. Supreme or extraordinary insight, genius. Inspire, v. «. Inhale air, draw in the breath. Inspire, v. a. I. inhale, breathe in. 2. Breathe into, fill with the breath. 3. Infuse, instil. 4. Animate, inspirit, enliven, cheer. 5. Aflfect by supernatural influence, fill with supernatural knowledge, endow with superhuman insight. 6. Endow with extraordinary insight, fill or endow with genius. INSPIRIT 234 INSULATOR 7. Elevate, exalt, stimulate to aspiration, fill with enthusiasm. 8. Animate, imbue, inform, quicken, enliven, fill. Inspirit, v. a. Animate, invigorate, enliven, en- courage, enhearten, hearten, embolden, cneer, comfort, stimulate, incite, quicken, rouse, arouse, fire, give new life to. Inspissate, v. a. Thicken, make thick. Inspissate, a. Thick, inspissated. In Sport. In jest, not in earnest, sportively, jest- ingly. Ins^ble, a. [Written preferably Unsiable.'\ I. Unsettled, insecure, liable to fall, not stable, not permanent, not firm, tottering. 2. Mutable, variable, changeable, liable to change, 3. Inconstant, fickle, changeable, volatile, mercurial. Install, V. a. Inaugurate, induct, introduce into office. Installation, n. Inauguration, investiture, instal- ment, ceremony of induction. Instalment, «. [Written also Installment.'] I. See Installation. 2. Successive portion, partial payment. Instance, «. I. Solicitation, request, prompting, instigation, incitement, impulse. 2. Urgency, urgent solicitation, importunity, persistent pressure. 3. Example, exemplification, illustration, case. Instance, v. a. Mention (as an instance), bring forward as an example, cite, specify. Instant, a. I. Pressing, urgent, importunate, earnest. 2. Immediate, quick, instantaneous. 3. Current, present, now passing. Instant, «. I. Moment, second, twinkling, flash, trice, jiffy, twinkling of an eye, smallest conceiv- able point of time. 2. Time, particular time, hour, moment. Instantaneous, a. Immediate, quick, instant. Instantaneously, ) ad. Immediately, forthwith, Instantly, \ instanter, in an instant, on the instant, in a moment, right away, without a moment's delay, all at once, on the moment, on the spur of the moment, in less than no time, quick as thought, quick as lightning, before one can say " Jack Robinson." Instanter, ad. [L.] See Instantaneously, Instantly. Instar omnium. [L.] Like all, a specimen of the whole, an example for all. In statu q.UO. [L.] In the same state as before, in the existing condition. Instauration,^. Restoration, renewal, re-estab- lishment, reinstatement, renovation, reconstruc- tion, redintegration, reconstitution, rehabilitation. Instead, ad. In lieu, in the room, in (the) place. Instigate, v. a. [in a bad sense.} Incite, prompt, impel, move, urge, provoke, stimulate, rouse, actuate, persuade, influence, encourage, set on, prevail upon, stir up, spur on. Instigation, «. Incitement, urgency, encourage- ment, prompting, influence, solicitation, instance. Instil, V. a. [Written also Instill.] I. Infuse, insinuate. 2. Inculcate, impress, enforce, implant, in- graft. Inistillation, «. Infusion, insinuation, gentle in- troduction. Instinct, «. Natural impulse, blind impulse, native tendency, innate or inborn proclivity. Instinct, a. Alive, quick, animated, informed, alert. Instinctive, a. I. Natural, spontaneous, invol- untary, prompted by instinct. 2. Impulsive, unreflecting, not deliberate. Instinct Wltll. Moved by las an internal int' pulse), animated by, alive with, quick with, in- formed with or by, quickened by, alert with. Institute, v. a. I. EstabUsh, found, originate, appoint, settle, fix, set up. 2. Enact, ordain, establish, pass. 3. Begin, commence, set in operation, set going, set on foot. 4. Invest with a sacred oflice, invest with the care of souls. Institute, «. I. Doctrine, dogma, precept, maxim, principle, tenet. 2. Scientific body, literary or philosophical society. 3. School, academy, gymnasium, seminarjr, place of education, institution of learning, insti- tution- Institution, n. I. Establishing, founding, founda- tion, enactment, etc. See Institute, v. a., i and 2. 2. Establishment, organized society. 3. Investiture. 4. Established custom, organized relation, organized or established practice. 5. Institute, school, academy, seminary, gym- nasium, college, university, place of education. Instruct, V. a. I. Teach, inform, enlighten, in- doctrinate, exercise, train, school, educate. 2. Direct, command, order, enjoin, prescribe to. Instruction, «. I. Teaching, information, edu- cation, indoctrination, training, schooling, disci- pline, tuition, nurture, breeding. 2» Advice, counsel, precept. 3. Direction, order, command, mandate. Instructor, «. Teacher, tutor, preceptor, master, school-master, educator. Instrument, «. I. Tool, implement, utensil. 2. Medium, agent, means. 3. Writing, document, charter, deed, inden- ture. 4. Musical instrument. Instrumental, a. I. Conducive, subservient, serviceable, helping, helpful, assisting, auxil- iary, ancillary, subsidiary, ministerial. 2. Of {musical) instruments. Instrumentality, «. Agency, mediation, inter- vention. Insubordinate, a. Disobedient, unruly, mutinous, riotous, seditious, disorderly, turbulent, ungov- ernable, refractory. Insu1)ordination, n. I. Disobedience, revolt, insurrection, mutiny, riotousness, sedition. 2. Indiscipline, lax discipline, laxity. Insuperable, a. I. Intolerable, insupportable, unbearable, unendurable, that cannot be borne or endured. 2. Outrageous, disgusting, detestable, abom- inable, execrable. Insufficiency, n. Inadequateness, inadequacy, incompetence, deficiency, lack, defectiveness, dearth. Insufficient, a. I. Inadequate, incompetent, deficient. 2. Unsuited, unfitted, incapable, unqualified. Insular, a. I. Surrounded by water, with the characteristics of an island. 2. Of islands, belonging to islands, character- istic of islands. 3. Narrow, contracted, prejudiced, petty, illib- eral, limited, restricted. Insulate, v. a. Detach, isolate, separate, discon- nect, disunite, disengage. Insulation, «. Isolation, separation, disconnec- tion, disengagement. Insulator, ». {Pkys.) Non-conductor. INSULT 235 INTERCHANGEABLE Jnsolt, ft. Affront, offence, indignity, outrage, abuse, contumely. Insult, V. a. Afiront, offend, abuse, treat with insolence, offer an indignity to, show or display insolence toward, commit an indignity upon. Insultinsf, a- Insolent, abusive, vituperative, grossly abusive, contumelious. Insuperable, a. I. Insurmountable, impass- able. 2. Insurmountable, too great to be overcome, that cannot be got over. Insupportable, a. Intolerable, unbearable, unen- durable, insufferable. Insuppressible, a. I. Uncontrollable, irrepressi- ble, not to be kept down, that cannot be held in check. 2. Impossible to conceal or suppress, that can- not be covered up. Insurance, n. Assurance, security against loss. Insure, v. a. [Written also Ensure.] I. Make secure, make sure or certain. 2. Assure, secure against loss, agree to indem- nify for loss. Insure, v. n. Underwrite, furnish insurance. Insurer, «. Underwriter. Insurgent, a. Rebellious, seditious, insubordi- nate, disobedient, mutinous. Insurgent, «. Rebel, revolter. Insurmountable, a. See Insuperable. Insurrection, «. Rebellion, revolt, sedition, mutiny, rising, uprising. Insurrectionary, a. Rebellious, seditious, muti- nous, insubordinate. Insusceptible, a. I. Insensible, unimpressible, iususceptive, not susceptible. 2. Incapable, incapable of receiving, not ad- mitting, that does not admit. Insusceptive, a. See Insusceptible, i. Intact, a. I. Untouched, uninjured, unhurt, un- harmed, scathless. 2. Undiminished, unbroken, whole, entire, without a fracture. Intangibility, «. Intangibleness. Intangible, a. I. Impalpable, that cannot be touched, that cannot be felt. 2. Impalpable, imperceptible, indefinite, vague, dim. Intangibleness, n. Intangibility. See preceding adjective. Integer, «. Whole number. Integral, a. Whole, entire, total. Integral, «. {Math.) Fluent. Integrity, «. I. Wholeness, entireness, entirety, completeness. 2. Rectitude, uprightness, probity, honesty, virtue, goodness, principle, moral soundness. Integument, «. Covering, envelope, tegument. Intellect, n. Understanding, reason, mind, sense, brains, thinking principle, reasoning faculty, ra- tional faculty, discursive faculty, intellectual pow- ers, intellectual faculties, cogniiive faculty, cogni- tive powers, power of cognition. Intellection, n. I, Apprehension, cognition, cog- nizance, knowing. 2. Thinking, comprehending, comprehension, understanding. Intellectual, a. I. Mental, of the intellect, of the understanding, pertaining or relating to the intellect. 2. Of intellect, marked by intellect, of marked intellect, full of intellect or intelligence. Intelligence, «. I. Information, knowledge, ac- quired knowledge. 2. News, tidings, advice, notice, notification, instruction. 3. Spirit, spiritual being. 4. Penetration, acumen, quickness, bright- ness, quick understanding, discernment, clear apprehension. InteUigent, a. I. Instructed, enlightened, well- iutormed. 2. Astute, acute, quick, alert, knowing, clever, bright, apt, shrewd, discerning, clear-sighted, kecu-sighied, quick-sighted, sharp-sighted, sharp- wilted, keen-eyed, long-headed, clear-headed. Intelligibility, n. CompreheusibUity, iuteiligi- bleness. Intelli^ble, a. Clear, plain, distinct, compre- hensible, that may be understood. Intelligibleness, n. bee Intelligibility. Intemperance, n. I. Excess (<» any action or in any tndulgettce), want of moderation. 2. Habitual excess in drinking intoxicating liquors. Intemperate, a. I. [Said of things.^ Exces- sive, inordinate, immoderate, uncontrolled, ex- travagant, extreme. 2. iSaid of persons.] Wanting in moderation, inconsiderate, extreme, extravagant. 3. Given to excess in drinking intoxicating liquors. Intend, v. a. Mean, design, purpose, meditate, contemplate, propose to one's self, have in view, think of, aim at, drive at. Intendant, n. Superintendent, overseer, super- visor, inspector. Intense, a. I. Close, strict, intent, severe, strained, stretched. 2. Extreme, very great, of high or great degree. 3. Forcible, energetic, vigorous, powerful. 4. Ardent, vehement, earnest. Intenseness, n. Intensity. Intensify, v. a. Strengthen, deepen, quicken, make intense, make more intense. Intensity, n. !• Intenseness, closeness, strict- ness, severity. 2. Excess, vehemence, extremity, violence, high degree, extreme degree. 3. Vigor, strength, power, activity, force, energy. 4. Ardor, earnestness, vehemence. Intensive, a. I. Intensifying, emphatic, serving to add force. 2. Capable of intensification. Intent, a. I. Eager, earnest, close, closely fixed. 2. Bent, resolutely bent, set. Intent, «. Design, puriJose, intention, aim, end, meaning, drift, purport, object, scope, mark, purview. Intention, «. Desiprn, pnmose. See Intent. Intentional, a. Designed, intended, premeditated, contemplated, preconcerted, studied, deliberate. Inter, v. a. Bury {with funeral rites), inhume, entomb, inum, commit to the earth. Intercalate, v. a. Interpolate, insert. Intercede, v. n. I. Mediate, arbitrate, interpose. 2. Plead, make intercession. Interceder, n. Mediator, intercessor. Intercept, v. a. I. Stop on the way, seize on the passage. 2. Interrupt, obstruct, cut off. Intercession, «. I. Mediation, interposition, intervention. 2. Pleading, supplication, entreaty, prayer. Intercessor, «. Mediator, interceder. Interchange, v. a. Exchange, change recipro- cally, give and take mutually. Interchange, «. I. Exchange, reciprocity, re- ciprocation. 2. Alternation, alternate succession. InterchangeabiUty, «. Interchangeableness. Interchangeable, a. That may be interchanged, mutually exchangeable. INTERCHANGEABLENESS 236 INTERROGATORY Interchangeableness, «. InterchangeabiHty. Interchangeably, ad. Alternately, by interchange, by reciprocaiion. Intercourse, «. Communication, commerce, con- verse, communion, connection, mutual exchange. Interdependence, n. Mutual or reciprocal de- pendence. Interdict^ v. a. Forbid, prohibit, inhibit, pro- scribe. Interdict, n. I. Prohibition, interdiction. 2. {Eccles.) Ban, suspension of religious privileges. Interdiction, «. I. Interdicting. 2. Prohibition, interdict. Interest, v. a. I. Concern, aflFect, touch, be of importance to. 2. Engage, enlist, attract. Interest, «. I. Good, benefit, profit, weal, advan- tage. 2. Share, portion, part, participation. 3. Concern, regard, sympathy, pleased atten- tion. 4. Authority, influence. 5. Selfishness, self-interest, private interest. 6. Premium {/or the use of money), profit {/roni tjtoney loafted) Interested, a. I. Partial, biassed, prejudiced. 2. Selfish, self-seeking. Interesting, a. Engaging, attractive, pleasing, entertainmg. Interest one's self. Take an interest, feel an in- terest, be engaged, be concerned. Interfere, v. n. I. Intermeddle, meddle, inter- pose, put in one's oar. 2. Clash, conflict, be opposed, come into col- lision. Interference, «. I. Intermeddling, interposition, interposal. 2. Clashing, opposition, interfering, collision. Interfering, «. Clashing, interference, opposition, collision. Interim, n. Interval, intermediate time, mean- time. Interior, a. I. Internal, inner, inward. 2. Inland, remote (from the shore or the frontier). 3. Home, domestic {opposed to foreign or external). Interior, «. Inside, inner part, interior part. Interjacent, a. Intervening, intermediate, inter- posed. Interject, v. a. Insert, put between, throw in between. Interjection, «. I. Exclamation. 2. Exclamatory particle. Interlace, v. a. Intertwine, interweave, inweave, intwine, twine together. Interlard, v. a. Mix, intersperse, intertwine, diversify, vary. Interline, v. a. I. Write between the lines of. 2. Write in alternate lines. Interlineal, ) ^ Tr,f»ri;««^ Interlinear, 1 '*• l"terhned. Interlink, I v. a. Interchain, join closely to- Interlock, S gether. Interlocution, «. Dialogue, colloquy, conference, interchange of speech. Interlocutor, «. Speaker {in a dialogue), respon- dent, companion in conversation. Interlope, v. n. Intrude, meddle, intermeddle. Interloper, «. I. Intermeddler, meddler. 2. Intruder. Intermeddle, v. «. Interfere, meddle, take part officiously. Intermediate, a. Intervening, interposed, inter- jacent. Interment, n. Burial, inhumation, sepulture. Interminable, a, I. Illimitable, unlimited, bound- less, unbounded, limitless, endless, infinite. 2. Wearisomely protracted, tediously long, long-drawn, that seems as if it would never end. Intermingle, v. a. and v. n. Blend, mingle, com- mingle, intermix, commix, mix, mix together. Intermission, n. Remission, suspension, sus- pense, stoppage, stop, interruption, pause, rest, respite. Intermit, v, a. I. Suspend, interrupt, stop for a while or for a time. 2. Discontinue, cease, stop, leave off, give over. Intermit, v. «. Cease, abate, subside, be sus- pended, be interrupted, cease for a time. Intermittent, a. Intermitting, remittent. Intermittent, «■ Intermittent fever, remittent fever, fever and ague. Intermix, v. a. and v. «. Blend, mix, commix, mingle, commingle, mix together. Internal, a. I, Interior, inner, inward, inside. 2. Spiritual, incorporeal, mental, in the mind or heart. 3. \Said of meaning or sense.] Inner, inte- rior, under, hidden, deeper, higher, spiritual, secret, metaphorical, emblematic, symbolical. 4. Intrinsic, real, genuine, true. 5. Domestic, home, interior (as opposed to foreign). International, a. Between nations. Internecine, a. Mortal, deadly, exterminating, exterminatory, mutually destructive, interneciary, internecinal, internecive. Inter nos. [L.] Between ourselves. Interpellate, y. a. Question, interrogate, ques- tion imperatively. Interpellation, «. I. Interruption {of one who is speaking). 2. Intercession, interposition. 3. Official questioning or interrogation {of a minister by the legislative body). Interplay, n. Reciprocal action, interaction. Interpolate, v. a. I. Insert (wrongfully), foist in. 2. {Math.) Introduce, intercalate {terms to complete a series). Interpose, v. a. I. Intrude, thrust in. 2. Put in, insert, set or place between. 3. Offer {or bring in or to bear) by way of mediation. Interpose, v. n. I, Mediate, intercede, arbitrate. 2. Remark {by way of interruption). 3. Interfere, intermeddle. 4. Interfere, go or come to the rescue, bring succor. InterpOjSition, «. Mediation, intervention, inter- pellation, intercession. Interpret, v. a. I. Explain, expound, decipher, elucidate, unfold, define, make out, make clear, explain the meaning of. 2. Construe, translate, render. Interipretation, «. I. Explanation, exposition, elucidation. 2. Rendering, translation, version, construc- tion. 3. Meaning, sense, signification. Interpreter, n. Expounder, expositor. Interrogate, v. a. Question, catechise, examine, ask, inquire of, put questions to, interpellate. Interrogation, «• I. Interrogating, questioning, catechising, examining, examination, interpella- tion. 2. Question, inquiry, interrogatory, query. Interrogative, a. interrogatory. Interrogator, «. Questioner, examiner. Interrogatory, «. Question, inquiry, interroga- tion, query. Interrogatory, a. interrogative. IN TERROREM 237 INTRENCH UPON In terrorem. [L.] By way of threat, for a warning. InteiTUpti V. a I. Disturb, stop, break, hinder, cause to delay, cause to cease, interfere with, break in upon, hinder from proceeding. 2. Separate, divide, break, disconnect, dis- unite, disjoin, sunder, dissever, sever, cut, dis- solve. 3. Intermit, suspend, discontinue, break off, leave off, cease for a time. Interruptioil, «. I. Hmdrance, stop, stoppage, obstruction, obstacle, impediment. 2. Intermission, pause, suspension, cessation, discontinuance. 3. Separation, division, breaking, break, dis- connection, disconnecting, disuniting, disunion, disjunction, sundering, severance, dissolution. Intersect, v. a. Cross, cut. Intersect, v. n. Cross each other, cut each other. Intersection, «. Crossing Interspace, « Interval. See Interstice. Intersperse, v. a. I. Scatter or set here and there. 2. Interlard, mix, diversify by mixture. Interstice, «. Interval, interspace, intervening space, space between. Interstitial, a. Intervening, intermediate. Intertangle, v. a. Intertwist, tangle, entangle. Intertexture, «. I. Interweaving, intertwining. 2. Interwoven condition, intertwined state. 3. Interwoven mass. Intertwine, v. a. Interweave, interlace, intwdne, inweave, twine together. Intertwine, v. n. Interlace, be intertwined, be interlaced, be twined together, be mutually woven together. Intertwist, v. a. Twist or twine together. See Intertwine. Interval, «. I. Interstice, space between, inter- mediate space. 2. Season, spell, period, term, space of time, intermediate time, intervening time or period. Intervene, v. «. I. Interfere, come between. 2. Happen (in the mean time), occur, befall 3. Be intermediate or interjacent, come be- tween. Intervening, a. I. Intermediate, interjacent. 2. Interstitial. Intervention, n I. Interposition, interference. 2. Mediation, agency Interview, «. I. Meeting. 2. Conference, parley. Interweave, v. a. I. Intertwine, interlace, in- weave, weave together. 2. Mix, mingle, intermix, intermingle- Intestate, a. Without a will. Intestinal, ebriety, drunkenness. 2. Infatuation, great excitement, great ex- hilaration. Intractability, n. Stubbornness, obstinacy, per- verseness, intractableness. See following adjec- tive. Intractable, a. Stubborn, obstinate, perverse, refractory, dogged, headstrong, unmanageable, ungovernable, indocile, obdurate, cross-grained, wilful, inflexible, unyielding, contumacious, can- tankerous, froward, unruly, pig-headed, mulish. Intractableness, «. Intractability. In transittl. [L] While passing (n the edges). Jaguar, «. American tiger (J^elis onga). Jafi, «. Jehovah, Jahweh, Jahveh. tei!- Jehovah, Jah. Jailf «. [Written also, but not commonly, Gaol.^ Prison, penitentiary, bridewell, workhouse, house of correction. Takes, «. Privy, necessary, latrine, water-closet. Jam, V. a. Press, crowd, squeeze tight. Jam, «• !• Conserve {boiled in mass), thick preserve. 2. Pressure {Jrom a crowd), crowding. 3. Crowd, throng, pack, press, mass of people {crowded together). Jamb, «. Side-piece {of a fireplace, a door, a window, etc.). Jamestown weed. Thorn-apple, stramonium, stramony, jimson, apple-peru {Datura stramo- niuMt). le, V. n. I. Wrangle, squabble, bicker, quar- rel, dispute, spar, spat, jar, tiff, have words, have an altercation. 2. Clash and clang, sound harshly or discord- antly. Jangle, v. a. Sound discordantly, utter inhar- moniously. Jangle, n. I, Discord, discordant sound. 2. Wrangling, jangling. Jangled, a. Discordant, inharmonious, out of tune. Tangier, «. Wrangler, quarrelsome fellow. jangling, «. Wrangling, bickering, quarrelling, altercation, jangle, jar. Janitor, «. Porter, doorkeeper, concierge- Janty, a. [Written also J aunty. '\ Showy, finical, airy, fluttering, bedizened, gairish, dressy, gay, fine, pranked out. Japan, v a. Varnish, lacquer. Japan earth. Catechu, terra japonica, gambler, cutch. Japanese, a. Of Japan. Japanese, » I. Native of Japan. 2. Language of Japan, Japanese language. Jar, V. n. I. Vibrate harshly. 2. Clash, interfere. 3. Wrangle, contend, quarrel, bicker, spat, spar, jangle, squabble, tiff, have words, have an altercation. Jar, V. a. Shake, agitate, jolt. Jar, «. I. Shake, agitation, jolt. 2. Discord, disagreement, quarrel, altercation, jarring, wrangling, bickering. Jargon, «. I. Gabble, gibberish, rigmarole, non- sense, balderdash, twaddle, palaver, flummery, moonshine, wishwash, trash, stuf]^ unintelligible talk. 2. Slang, cant. 3. Confusion, disorder, jumble, chaos, disarray. Jarring, a. I. Discordant, harsh. 2. Wrangling, disagreeing:, at variance. 3. Conflicting, incompatible, inconsistent. Jarring, «. I. Clashing, collision. 2. .Shaking, agitation, jar. 3. Quarrel, dispute, altercation, bickering, wranglmg. Jaundice, «. {Med.) Icterus. Jaundiced, a. I. Bilious. 2. Biassed, prejudiced. Jaunt, «. Ramble, excursion, trip, tour, stroll, short journey. Jaunty, a. [Written also Janty.'\ Airv, showy, finical, fluttering, bedizened, gainsh, gay, fine. Jaw, «. I. Maxillary bone, jaw-bone. 2. {Lo^v.) Vituperation, abusive talk. 3. Wall {of a pass), enclosing crag, throat. Taw-l)One, «. Jaw, maxillary bone. Jaws, n. pi. I. Chaps, mouth. 2. Walls, enclosing walls or crags, craggy opening, throat. Jaw-tootn, n. Grinder, molar. jealous, a. I. Envious {especially at being suP' planted in the affections of another), enviously suspicious, resentful at preference, suspicious in love, 2. Anxious, apprehensive, solicitous, zealous. 3. Watchful, suspiciously vigilant. JeiUousy, n. I. Suspicion, envy, envious sus- picion {especially in matters of love). 2, Watchfulness, vigilance, suspicious vigi- lance. Jeer, v. n. Sneer, scoff, flout, mock, gibe, fleer, rail. Jeer, f. a. Flout, taunt, deride, ridicule, mock, gibe, scoff, spurn, despise, contemn, chaff at, sneer at, jeer at, rail at, gibe at, crook the finger at. Jeer, «. Sneer, scoff, taunt, gibe, biting jest, flout. Jeerer, «. Scoffer, scorner, mocker, railer, ridi- culer, derider, despiser. Jeering, «. Mockery, derision, gibes. Jehovah, «. God, Lord, Omnipotence, Om- niscience, Providence, the Creator, Heaven, the Maker, the Deity, the Lord, the Godhead, the Infinite, the Eternal, the Omnipotent, the Pre- server, the Trinity, the Holy Trinity, the Su- preme Being, the First Cause, the Author of all things, God the Father. Jejune, a. Barren, meagre, sterile, dry, bare, lean, uninteresting. Jemmy, a. {Colloq.) Spruce, trim, smart, fini- cal, over-nice, over-neat, affectedly elegant, nice, over-much. Jentling, «. Blue chub. Jeopard, v. a. Hazard, imperil, peril, endanger, jeopardize, risk, put in jeopardy, put at hazard, put at risk. Jeopardize, v. a. [Recent.'] Hazard, endanger. See Jeopard. Jeopardy, n. Hazard, danger, peril, risk, venture. Jeremiad, )n. [Term of ridicule.} Tale of Jeremiade, J sorrow, lamentation, lament, dole- ful story. Jerk, V. a. I. Yerk, twitch, pull suddenly. 2. Throw suddenly. Jerk, «. I. Twitch, sudden pull. 2. Sudden throw. Jerkin, «. Jacket, short coat. Test, V. n. Joke, crack a joke, perpetrate a joke. Jest, n. I, Joke, quip, quirk, crank, witticism, sally, jeu d" esprit. 2. Raillery, fun, sport. Jester, n. I. Joker, wag, humorist. 2. Buffoon, harlequin, zany, droll, fool, clown, punch, Punchinello, scaramouch, merry-andrew, jack-pudding, pickle-herring. Jesuitical, a. I. Of the Jesuits. 2. [A sense introduced by partisans hostile to the Jesuits.} Crafty, cunning, wily, deceitful, sophistical, double, double-faced, full of chicane, Machiavelian. Jetty, «. Mole. jeu d'esprit. [Fr.] Joke, jest, quirk, quip, crank, sally, witticism, mot. Jew, n. Hebrew, Israelite. Jewel, «. Gem, brilliant, precious stone. Jeweliy, «. [Written also Jewellery.} Jewels, bijoutry, trinkets. Jewish, a. Hebrew, Judaic, Judaical, Israelitish. JEWRY 243 JOYOUS Jewry, «. Judea. Jews-pitch, n. Asphaltum. Jezebel, n. Furj', Gorgon, brazen woman, virago, she-monster. Jiffy, n. (jColloq.) Instant, moment, second, twinkling, trice, flash, twinkUng of an eye. JlfSer, «. I. Throw, potter's wheel. 2. {Ent.) Chxgre (PuUxpetutratu). ^S^gumbob, n. {Comic.) Trinket, toy, gimcrack, knick-knack, bawble, gewgaw. Jilt, n. Coquette, flirt. Jilt, V. a. Trick or deceive {by Playing the j'ilf). jUt, V. n. Play the jilt. Jingle, V. n. [Written also Gingle.'] Tinkle. Jingle, n. Tinkling, jingling, jingling sound, tintin- nabulation. Jingling, «. See Jinglb. Job, n. Piece of work. Job, V. n. Do job-work, work at jobs. Jobbernowl, «. {Low comic.) Simpleton, fool. See Dunce. Job-work, «. Piece-work. OCkey, «. I. Horse-jockey, dealer in horses. 2. Cheat, swindler, sharper, rogue, trickster, knave, impostor, blackleg, shark. Jockey, v. a. Cheat, trick, deceive, gull, dupe, over-reach, cozen, chouse, outwit, bamboozle, circumvent, delude, hoodwink, beguile, mislead, inveigle, gammon, impose upon, humbug {colloq.). Jocose, a. Jocular, facetious, humorous, witty, waggish, droll, funny, comical, sportive, merry. Jocoseness, «. See Jocularity. Jocular, a. See Jocosh. Jocularity, «. Jocoseness, facetiousness, wa^- gishness, waggery, drollenr, sportiveness, merri- ment, pleasantry, mirth, fun. Jocund, a. Joyous, joyful, merry, frolicsome, blithe, blithesome, sportive, jolly, playful, airy, lively, gay, debonair. Jocundity, «. Joyrousness, joyfulness, cheerful- ness, hilarity, spriehtliness, exhilaration, liveli- ness, vivacity, sportfulness, frolicsomeness, blithe- someness, jocularity^ gayety, merriment, mirth, good-humor, high spirits, high glee. Jog, V. a. Push (gently), notify by a push. Jog, H. I. Push, slight shake. 2. Notch, denticulation, jag. iOggle, V. a. Shake {by hitting), jostle. Og on. Trudge, lumber, travel slowly. oe-trot, n. Slow pace, slow trot. onn Bull. {Colloq.) I. English nation, Eng- land. 2. Englishman. ibhn-dory, «. Common dory (Zeus /aber). ohnny-cake, «. Hoe-cake, corn-cake. bin, V. a. I. Add, annex, attach, append. 2. Connect, couple, combine, conjoin, link, cement, unite, unite together, join together. 3. Adjoin, be adjacent to, connect with, oj)en into, be connected with. 4. Unite with, associate one's self with, go into, take part in or with, take one's place in, meet, come to meet. Join, V. n. Associate, confederate, unite, be united, league. Joint, K. I. Juncture, union. 2. Seam, commissure. 3. (Anat.) Articulation. 4. {Bot.) Knot. 5. {Bot.) Intemode, space between two joints. Joint, a. United, combined, concerted. Oint, V. a. I. (Carpentry.) Join, unite, fit together. 2. Disjoint, divide {at the joints), cut up {as meat). Jointed, a. Articulated, with joints. Jointer, «. {Carpentry.) Jointing-plane. Joint heir. Co-heir. jointing-plane, «■ Jointer. jointly, ad. Unitedly, together, conjointly, in conjunction. Joist, n. Small floor-timber. Joke, n. Jest, quip, quirk, crank, witticism, sally, jeu cTesprit. Joke, V. a. Jest, crack a joke, perpetrate a joke. Joker, n. Jester, wag, humorist. Jollincation, «. {Colloq.) Conviviality, revelry, festivity, carouse, carousal, revel, cumpotatiun, potation, wassail, merry frolic, jolly time, drink- ine-bout, spree (colloq.). Jollity, n. Merriment, gayety, mirth, fun, frolic, joviality, hilarity. Jolly, a. I. Merry, joyous, joyful, gay, jovial, airy, mirthful, jocund, playful, frolicsome, sport- ive, gamesome, funny, facetious, jocular, wag- gish, sprightly, lively, jocund, blithe, blithesome, cheery, cheerful. 2. Plump, stout, lusty, bouncing, portly, chubby, in good case. Jolt, V. n. Be shaken (as a wagon by passing over rough ground). Jolt, V. a. Shake {as a wagon when passing over rough ground). Jolt, n. Shaking, jolting. Jolthead, n. Simpleton, fool. See Dunce. jolting, n. Jolt, shaking. Jonathan, n. People of the United States, the United States {as a nation), Brother Jonathan, Uncle Sam. Jorden, «. [Written also Jordan.] Urinal, cham- ber-pot Jostle, z/. a. [Written also 7«j/^.] I. CoUide, strike against, hit against. 2. Shake {fy hitting), joggle. Jot, n. Iota, tittle, whit, bit, grain, particle, atom, scrap, mite, ace, corpuscle, scintilla. Jot down. Record, state, note, chronicle, register, set down, take down, note down, make a note of, make a memorandum of. Jotting, n. Memorandum, note. journal, «. I. Diary, daily register. 2. Newspaper, magazine, periodical. Journalize, v. a. Record, register, note, chroni- cle, set down, jot down. Journey, «. Travel {by land), tour, excursion, trip, expedition. Journey, v. n. I. Travel, ramble, roam, rove, take a tour, make a tour, take a trip, make an excursion. 2. Travel, go, proceed, fare. Joumeyman, n. I. Day-laborer. 2. Hired mechanic. Joust, n. Tilt. Joust, V. n. I. Tilt. 2. [Written also /wx/.] • Jostle (or justle), push, jar. Jove, n. {Mythol.) Jupiter. Jovial, a. Merry, joyous, gay, airy, mirthful. See ToYFUL. Joviality, n. Merriment, gayety, mirth, fun, frolic, jollity, hilarity. Joy, n. I. Gladness, delight, glee, exultation, ecstasy, rapture, ravishment, transport, beatitude, beatification. 2. Happiness, felicity, bliss. 3. Cause of gladness, delight, happiness. Joy, V. n. Exult, rejoice, be glad, be delighted, be joyful. Jojrnd, a. Glad, joyous, merry, buoyant, happy, jocund, blithe, blithesome, jolly, jovial, delighted, elate, elated. Joyous, a. Glad. See Joyful. JUBILANT 244 JUXTAPOSITION Jubilant, a. Rejoicing, exulting, exultant, tri- umphing, triumphant, shouting with joy. Tnbileet n. Season of rejoicing. Tudaical I ^* J^^^^^* Hebrew, Israelitish. Religion of the Jews, Jewish re- Jndaism, n ligion. Judcock, ft- linuld). Juddock, n. Jack-snipe, juddock {Scolopax gal- See JuDCocK. Judge, n. I. Justice. 2. Arbiter, arbitrator, umpire, referee. 3. Critic, connoisseur. Judge, y. n. Decide, determine, conclude, form an opinion, pass an opinion, pass judgment, get at the truth, arrive at the truth, sit in judgment. Judge, V. a. I. Try, doom, condemn, pass sen- tence upon, 2. Consider, regard, think, esteem, reckon, account, deem, believe, hold, suppose, imagine. 3. Appreciate, estimate, form an opinion about. Judgment, «• I. Discernment, understanding, intelligence, discrimination, taste, sagacity, pene- tration, wisdom, brains, prudence, ballast, depth, sense, mother-wit, quick parts, common-sense, good sense, long head. 2. Determination, decision, conclusion, opin- ion, notion, estimate. 3. {Law.) Sentence, award, decree. 4. (Psychcl.) Power of judgment, intellect, faculty of comparison f>r synthesis, unitive faculty, faculty of thought. 5. {Log.) Sentence, proposition. Judgment-day, «. Day of judgment, the last day, Dies Iras. Judgment-seat, «. Tribunal, court, bar, bench. Udfcature, ». I. Administration of justice. 2. Jurisdiction. Judicial, a. Juridical, forensic. Judiciaiy, n. Body of judges, courts, judicial de- partment, department of justice. Judicious, a. Sensible, wise, prudent, discreet, considerate, rational, reasonable, enlightened, sagacious, provident, sober, sound, staid, solid, cool, politic, well-considered, well-chosen. Jug, «. Pitcher, ewer. Juggle, V. n. I. Conjure, play tricks, practise jugglery, practise legerdemain. 2. Practise artifice, practise imposture, cheat. Juggle, n. I. Trick, piece of legerdemain. 2. Trick, imposture, imposition, deception, cheat, fraud. Juggler, n. Prestidigitator. Jugglery, «. I. Legerdemain, prestidigitation, sleight of hand. 2. Trickery, imposture, deceit. Juice, n. I. Sap. 2. Fluid part, fluid. Julceless, a. I. Sapless. 2. Dry. Juicy, a. Succulent, moist, watery, sappy, lush, full of juice. JumWe, V. a. Mix confusedly, throw together in disorder, confuse, mix up, huddle. Jumble, n. Disorder, confusion, hodge-podge, hotch-potch, gallimaufry, olio, olla-podrida, con- fused mass, disorderly mixture. Jump, V. a. Jump over, leap over, skip over, pass by a leap. Jump, V. n. Leap, spring, bound, skip, hop, vault, caper. Jump, «. Leap, spring, bound, hop, vault, caper. Junction, n. I. Joining, union, combination, connection, linking, coupling. 2. Juncture, joint, place of meeting. Juncture, n. I, joint, junction. 2. Conjuncture, crisis, exigency. June-berry, «. I. Shad-bush, shad-berry (.<4f«^- lanchier Canadensis). 2. Service-berry (jLhe fruit of the shad-bush). Jungle, n. Thicket {of brushwood, shrubs, and woods), brake. Junior, a. Younger. Junket, n. I, Sweetmeat, delicacy. 2. Feast, entertainment. Junket, V. n. Feast, banquet, indulge in feasting. Junket, V. a. Feast, entertain, regale. Junto, n. Cabal, faction, combination {against a government), party, coterie, clique, set, gang, league, confederacy, secret council. Juridical, a. Judicial, forensic. Jurisconsult, n. Jurist, civilian, counsellor, lawyer. Jurisdiction, n. Judicature, extent of authority, legal power. Juruprudence, n. Science of law. Jurist, «. Civilian, jurisconsult, lawyer, coun- sellor. Juror, «. Juryman. Jurjanan, «. Juror. just, a. I. Equitable, right, rightful, lawful, reasonable. 2. Fair, fair-minded, candid, even-handed. 3. Honest, upright, righteous, blameless, pure, conscientious, uncomipt, virtuous, honorable, good, straightforward. 4. Exact, true, proper, accurate, correct, nor- mal, regular. 5. Deserved, merited, condign, suitable, due. 6. Appropriate, fit, suitable, happy. Just, ad. Exactly, precisely. Justice, «. I. Equity, equitableness, right, just- ness, fairness, impartiality, fair play. 2. Judge, justiciary, justiciar. Justiciary, n. Judge, justice, justiciar. Justifiable, a. Defensible, warrantable, vindi- cable, ri^ht, fit, proper. Justification, «. I. Vindication, defence, ex- culpation, exoneration. 2. {Theol.) Absolution, remission of sin. JUStity, V. a. I. Vindicate, warrant, defend, maintain, exculpate, excuse, exonerate, set right. 2. {Theol.) Absolve, acquit, free from sin, clear from guilt. 3. {Printing.) Adjust. Jnstle, V. a. [Written also /<7.r//V.] I. Collide, strike against, hit against. 2. Shake (by hitting), joggle. Justness, «. I. Justice, equity, equitableness, fairness, right. 2. Propriety, fitness, suitableness. 3. Exactness, accuracy, precision. Just now. Very recently, a moment ago. Jut, V. n. Project, protrude, stand out, jut out. jut out. Project. See Jut. Juvenile, a. I. Young, youthful, childish, puerile. 2. Suited to youth, intended for youth. Juxtaposition, «. Proximity, contiguity, contact, adjacency. KALE 245 KINDRED K Kale, H. Colewort. TT flTnarhi , h. Horued-screamer iPa/anudea coT' nuta ). TTflmsin , ». Simoon, simoom, samiel. Keen, «• I. Eager, zealous, ardent, earnest, fervid, vehement. 2. Sharp, acute, with a fine edge. 3. Piercing, penetrating, cutting. 4. Severe, bitter, poignant, acrimonioos, caustic. 5. Shrewd, discerning, quick, sagacious, as- tute, keen-sighted, keen-eyed, clear-sighted, long-headed. Keen-eyed, a. Keen, keen-sighted, sharp- sighted. Keenness, «. I. Ardor, vehemence, eagerness, earnestness, fervor, rest. 2. Sharpness, acuteness. 3. Severity, rigor, sternness. 4. Causticity, acrimony, asperity, bitterness, pungency. 5. Poignancy, acuteness, bitterness. 6. Shrewdness, sagacity, astuteness. Keen-sighted, a. Keen, sharp-sighted, keen- eyed. Keep, z*. o. I. Retain, detain, hold, hold fast 2. Preserve, maintain, continue. 3. Restrain, withhold. 4. Guard, protect, preserve, take care of. 5. Fulfil, observe, adhere to, be faithful to, be true to, stand by. 6. Celebrate, honor, solemnize, commemorate, do honor to. 7. Sustain, sup]X>rt, maintain. 8. Preserve, store, store up, lay away. Keep, V. n. I. Continue, remain. 2. Stay, abide, lodge, dwelL 3. Endure, last. Keep, n. Stronghold, donjon. Keep an eye on. watch, mark, observe, have an eye on- Keep dark. Keep one's own coun<;e1, seal the lips, not breathe a syllable about it, keep the matter to one's self, be silent, be secret. Keeping, n. I. Care, custody, charge, guardian- ship. 2. Support, maintenance, feed. 3. Harmony, conformity, congruity, consist- ency, agreement. Keep under. Control, restrain, keep in subjec- tion. Kelp, H. I. Barilla, carbonate of soda (impure). 2. Sea-weed {from which barilla is made). Ken, «. View, cognizance, sight. Kennel, «. I. Dog-house. 2. Pack of hounds. 3. Hole [of a wild animaf), haunt. 4. Gutter. Slennel, v. n. Dwell (as a dog), lodge, harbor, take shelter. Kerosene, «. Petroleum, paraffine oil, photogen, mineral oil. Kestrel, «. Windhover, castrel, stannel (Falco tinnunculus). Xey, n. I. Lock opener. 2. Clew, guide, explanation, solution, elucida- tion, clavis. 3. Tonic, key-note, fundamental note, first note of the scale 4. Wedge, clamp. S. {Mus.) Ltvtr (in an insirutttent). Key-note, «. Tonic. See Key, 3. Khan, «. I. Cham, sovereign prince (qf Tar- tary). 2. See Caravansary. Kick the beam. Be outweighed, be overbalanced, be overpoised, be the lighter. Kick np a dust. (Colloq.) Make a commotion, create an excitement, make a stir. Kid, n. I. Young goat. 2. Kit, small tub. Elidnap, V. a. Abduct (any human being), carry off, steal away, run off with. Kidnapping, ». Man-stealing, abduction. Kill, V. a. Slay, slaughter, murder, despatch, carry off, put to death, deprive of life, make away with, give one his quietus, give a death- blow to. See Assassinate. Kilt, K. FiUibeg. Kin, «. I. Relationship {by blood or by tnar- riage), consanguinity. 2. Relations, relatives, kindred, kinsfolk, con- nections. JC\n, a. Related, allied, kindred, akin, cognate, of the same nature, of the same kind, of the same family. Kind, a. Benevolent^ beneficent, benignant, hu« mane, gracious, friendly, kindly, complacent, complaisant, bland, generous, obliging, boun- teous, accommodating, philanthropic, compas- sionate, mild, benign, clement, good, amiable, charitable, gentle, lenient, indulgent, forbearing, tender, sympathetic, affectionate, loving, good- natured, tender-hearted, kind-hearted. Elind, n. I. Race, genus, family, breed, species, set, class. 2. Sort, nature, character, manner, descrip- tion, stvle. Kind-hearted, a. Tender-hearted. See Kind. Kind-heartedness, «. See Kindness. Kindle, V. a. I. Light, ignite, enkindle, inflame, set fire to, set on fire. 2. Excite, rouse, awaken, provoke, incite, stimulate, animate, whet, stir up, foment. 3. Exasperate, exdte, provoke, enrage. Kindle, w.«. I. Take fire. 2. Get excited, grow warm, fly into a passion. 3. Fire, glow, warm, thrill, stir, start, quicken, become impassioned. Kin d line ss, «.^ I. Benignity, kindness, benevo- lence, humanity, charity, sympathy, compassion, amiability, kind-heartedness, good-nature, good feeling, fellow-feeling. 2. Mildness, softness, gentleness. Kindly, a. I. Natural, homogeneal, congenial, kindred, proper, appropriate. 2. Sympathetic, benevolent, gracious. See Kind. Kindness, «. I. Benevolence, beneficence, be- nignity, humanity, generosity, philanthropy, charity, kindliness, sympathv, tenderness, ami- ability, fellow-feeling, clemency, good feeling. 2. Kind act, good turn, kind office, favor. Kindred, «. I. Relationship, affinity, consan- guinity. 2. Relations, relatives, kin, kinsfolk, kinsmen, kith and kin. Kindred, a. Related, coijnate, allied, kin, akin, of the same kind, of the same nature, of the same family. KING 246 KNURLY Qllg, n. Sovereign, monarch. Kingbird, «. Tyrant fly-catcher {Muscicapa tyrannus or Tyrannus intrepidus). King-crab, «. I. Horse-shoe, horse-foot, horse- shoe-crab, limulus {Ltmulus Polyphemus). 2. Thornback-crab {Maia squitiado). S[ing-Cap, «. Buttercup, golden cup. Kingdom, «. I. Sovereignty, empire, dominion, supremacy, sovereign power, rule, monarchy, supreme power. 2. Dominion (s), realm (s). 3. Tract, region. 4. Division, department, realm, domain, prov- ince. Kingly, a. I. Royal, regal, monarchical, impe- rial. 2. Noble, august, imposing, splendid, mag- nificent, grand, majestic, regal, imperial, royal, glorious. Kfilg of terrors. See Death. King'S-English, n. Pure English. King'S-evil, «. Scrofula, struma. Kingship, n. Royalty, monarchy, sovereignty. King'S-yellOW, «. Yellow orpiment, yellow sul- phuret of arsenic. Kink, n. I. Twist, knot, entanglement. 2. Whim, crotchet, wrinkle. Kinsfolk, «_ Relations, relatives, kin, kindred, kinsmen, kith and kin. Kinsman, «. Relative, relation. Kiss, V. a, I. Salute, greet with a kiss. 2. Caress with the lips, press one's lips upon. Kiss, n. I. Salute. 2. Caress {with the lips). Kit, «. I. Kid, small tub {as for pickled mack- erel). 2. Small pail. 3. Outfit, working implements. 4. Violin {small), fiddle. Kleptomania, n. Klopemania, propensity to steal, mania for stealing. Klopemania, «. See Kleptomania. Knack, «. I. Toy, plaything, knick-knack, gim- crack, gewgaw, bawble, trifle, jiggumbob {comic). 2. Dexterity, adroitness, dextrousness, skill, skilfulness, facility, aptness, aptitude, quickness, readiness, address, expertness. Knag, «. Knot {in wood). Knaggy, a. Knotty, gnarled. Knarl, n. Knot, knob, snag. Knarled, a. Knotty, knotted, knurly, gnarled. Knave, «. I. Villain, rascal, scoundrel, rogue, cheat, caitiff, swindler, sharper, trickster, scamp, scapegrace. 2. Jack {of cards). Knavery, «. Villany, rascality, fraud, knavish- ness^ dishonesty, criminality, trickery, scoun- drelism. Knavish, a. Dishonest, unprincipled, villanous, rascally, scoundrelly, fraudulent, trickish, tricky, roguish. Knavishness, «. Dishonesty, rascality. See Knavery. Kneepan, n. Patella. Knell, n. Death-bell, passing-bell, signal of doom or death. Knell, V, n. Knoll, sound wamingly, sound with doom. ^ Knick-kxiack, «. Toy, trifle, plaything, gimcrack, gewgaw, bawble, knack, jiggumbob {comic). Knight, n. I. Cavalier, chevalier. 2. Partisan, champion. 3. Lover, gallant. Knight-errantry, «. Chivalry, knighthood* Knighthood, ». Chivalry, knight-errantry. Knit, V. a. Join, unite, connect. Knob, n. I. Protuberance, boss, bunch, hunch, stud. 2. Handle {of a door). Knock, n. I. Rap {as at a door), clap. 2. Blow, slap, cuff, buffet, box. Knock, V. n. Rap {as at a door). Knock, V. a. Beat, strike, hit, bump, slap. Knock down. I. Fell, prostrate. 2. Knock oS{by auction). Knock under. {Collog.) Submit, yield, knuckle, give up, lower one's flag, kiss the rod, lick the dust, eat humble pie, draw in one's horns. Knoll, n. Hillock, mound. Knot, n. I. Entanglement, complication. 2. Tie, connection, bond of union. 3. Joint, node, knag. 4. Tuft, bunch. 5. Group, band, clique, gang, crew, squad, cluster, set, pack. 6. Nautical mile. EInot, V. a. Entangle, tie, complicate. Knot-grass, «. Dog's-grass, couch-grass, twitch- grass, wheat-grass, dog-wheat ( Triticum repetts). Knotted, a. See Knotty, Knotty, a. I. Knotted, gnarled, full of knots, knaggy, knurly. 2. Intricate, difficult, perplexing, embarrass- ing, hard, troublesome, involved. Know, V. a, I. Perceive, apprehend, compre- hend, understand, discern, be aware of be as- sured of, be sure or certain of, see through, make out. 2. Recognize. 3. Be acquainted with, have an acquaintance with, be familiar with. 4. Distinguish, discriminate. 5. {Psychol.) Cognize. Know, V. ft. I. Have knowledge, cognize, exer- cise cognition. 2. Be informed, be made aware. 3. Be sure, feel certain. Knowing, a. I. Intelligent, skilful, competent, qualified, experienced, accomplished, proficient, well-informed. 2. Conscious, intelligent, percipient, thinking. 3. Expressive, significant, cunning. Knowledge, n. I. Apprehension, comprehen- sion, perception, understanding, discernment, judgment, 2. Learning, erudition, scholarship, enlighten- ment, lore, acquirements, attainments, informa- tion. 3. Cognizance, cognition, notice, informa- tion. Knuckle, v. n. Yield {obsequiously), submit, cringe, stoop, crouch, give up, knock under, Knurly, a. Knotty, knotted, gnarled. LABOR 247 LAND Labor. H. I. Toil, work, exertion, effort, pains, drudgery. 2. Travail, p>arturition, childbirth, delivery. Lat)Or, V. n I. Toil, strive, drudge, work, exert one's self, take pains. 2. Suffer, be afflicted, be distressed. 3. Travail, be in travail, be in labor. Lat>ored, a. Overwrought, stifl^ heavy, smelling of the lamp. Laborer, «. Workman, operative. Laborious, a. I. Industrious, sedulous, assidu- ous, toiling, hard-working, painstaking. See Diligent. 2. Difficult, arduous, onerous, toilsome, tire- some, wearisome, fatiguing, irksome, hard, Herculean. Laborionsness, »■ Toilsomeness, difficulty. Labor of love. Gratuitous service. Lab3Tlntil, «. Maze, perplexity, intricacy. Lab3rrintlial, a. See Labvrinthian. LabyrintMan, I a. Mazy, confused, perplexed, LabjOintbean, ) intricate, involved, many-wind- ing, labyrinthal, labyrinthine. Labyrintnic, I a. Labyrinthiform, labyrin- Labyrinthlcal, I thine. Labyrintbiform, a. Labyrinthic, labyrinthine. Labyrintbine, a. I. See Labvrinthian. 2. Labyrinthiform, labyrinthic. Lacerate, v. a. I. Tear, sever, mangle, rend, lancinate, laniate, claw, tear asunder, tear to pieces. 2. Harrow, wound, torture, rend. Laceration, «. Tearing, rending. Lacbes, n. pi. (Law.) Negligence, remissness, neglect of duty. Lack, V. a. Want, need, be in want of, be in need of, be destitute of, be without. Lack, V. n. I. Be in want. 2. Be wanting. Lack, n. Need, deficiency, destitution, want, scantiness, insufficiency, scarcity, dearth, default, defectiveness, shortness, shortcoming, deficit. Lackadaisical, A. Sentimental, maudlin, Werther- ish, die-away, languishing, affectedly pensive, lackadaisy. Lackadalsy, interj. [Used ludicrously for Lack- adiiy.^ Lackaday, interf. Alas, well-a-day, alack, woe 's the day. Lack-brain, «. Simpleton. See Duncb. Lackey, n. Footman, footboy, flunky. Lackey, v. a. Attend {as a servant), wait on, dance attendance on. Laconic, I a. Short, brief, concise, succinct, Laconical, J compact, sententious, terse, pithy. Lacquer, «. Vamish (of shellac). Lacqaer, v. a. Varnish (with lacquer), japan. Lactescence, «. I. Milkiness, milky color. 2. (Bat.) Bleeding, effusion of sap. Lad, n. Boy. stripling, youngster, youth, school- boy, younker, young man. Lade, V. a. I. Load, freight 2. Dip, bale. Lading:, «. Freight, cargo, load, burden. Lady, n. I. Mistress, matron. 2. Woman of rank, woman of distinction. 3. Woman of refinement, well-bred woman. 4. Wife, spouse. Ladylike, a. Genteel, courtly, refined, well-bred. Lady -love, «. Sweetheart, flame. a. See Lambllar. LaSf, V. n. Loiter, linger, saunter, fall behind, move slowly. Laggard, »• Loiterer, lingerer, idler, laggard, saunterer. Lagger, «. Loiterer, laggard. Lagoon, n. Lake (shallow and communicating with the sea). I2l5ki,l- ^y- Lair, «. Couch (of a beast), resting-place. Laity, «• Laymen, body of the people, the peo- ple (as distinguishtd from the clergy). Ljunantine, ». Manatee, sea-cow. Lamb, «. Young sheep. Lambent, a. I. Playing about (like the tongw in licking), touching lightly, gliding over, licking. 2. Gleaming, flickering, twinkling. Lambkin, n. Little lamb. Lamb of God. Christ. See Tksus. Lame, a. I. Crippled, halt, nobbling. 2. Defective, imperfect. 3. Insufficient, unsatisfactory, weak, feeble, poor. L^e, V. a. Cripple, make lame. Lamella, «. [L.J Scale, lamina, layer, coat, flake, coating, thin plate- Lamellar, a. Lamellate, lamellated, laminar, laminated, foliated, foliaceous, scaly, flaky, schistose. Lamellate, Lamellated, Lament, v. n. Moum, grieve, weep, sorrow, wail, moan, complain. Lament, v. a. I. Bewail, deplore, bemoan, mourn, sorrow over or for. 2. Regret, deplore. Lament, n. I. Wailing, moaning, moan, lamenta- tion, plaint, complaint. 2. Dirge, elegy, epicedium, mournful song, funeral song. Lamentable, a. I. Deplorable, grievous, to be lamented. 2. Mournful, wailing. 3. Pitiful, contemptible, miserable, poor, low. Lamentation, n. Wailing, moanin$r, moan, plaint, complaint, lament, ululation, hubbubboo. Lamina, n. Scale, layer, coat, coating, lamella, thin plate. Laminar, a. Laminated. Laminated, a. Laminar. See Lamellar. Lampoon, n. Pasquinade, satire, squib. Lampoon, v. a. Satirize, ridicule, lash. Lanate, I a. Woolly, downy, lanuginous, lanu- Lanated, ( ginose. Lance, «. Spear, javelin. Lance, v. a. I. Hurl, throw, launch, dart, send, fling, toss, pitch, jaculate, let fly. 2. Pierce, cut with a lancet. LaS^Sted. 1 "• Lance-shaped, lanciform. Lance-Sbaped, a. Lanciform. Landform, a. Lance-shaped. Lancinate^ v. a. Tear, rend, sever, mangle, lace- rate, laniate, claw, tear to pieces. Lancinating, a. Piercing, darting, cutting. Land, n. I. Ground, soil, earth. 2. Country, district, tract, region. 3. Real estate. Land, V a. Disembark, debark, put on shore, set on shore. LAND 248 LATITUDE Land* V. ft. Disembark, debark, go on shore, come to land. Landing, n. I. Coming to land, disembarking, debarking. 2. Landing-place. Landing-place, n. Landing. Landloper, «. Wanderer, vagrant, vagabond. Landloping, n. Wandering, vagrant, vagabond. Landlord, «. I. Owner, proprietor. 2. Host, inn-keeper. Landrail, ». Corn-crake, daker-hen {Crex pm- tensis). Landscape, «. View, prospect, scene, rural scene. Land-waiter, «. Tide-waiter. Lane, «. Alley, narrow street, narrow passage or way. Lang-syne, ad. [Scotch.'^ Long since, long ago. Lang-syne, n. The good old time, past times, days gone by, days of yore. Language, «. I. Speech, tongue. 2. Speech, power or faculty of speech, utter- ance. 3. Style, expression, phraseology, diction, form of expression.^ 4. Expression, utterance, voice. Languid, a. I. Faint, exhausted, drooping, pin- ing, languishing, flagging, weak, feeble. 2. Dull, torpid, listless, spiritless, heartless, heavy, inactive, slow, sluggish. LangUldness, «. I. Languor, faintness, feeble- ness, lassitude. 2. Dulness, listlessness, heaviness, heartless- ness. Languish, v. n. I. Droop, pine, faint, fade, wither, decline, fail, become feeble, pine away, waste away. 2. Look tender, have the air of a lover. Languishment, «. I. Feebleness, decline, weak- ness, drooping, pining, withering, wasting. 2. Look of tenderness. Lan^TUOr, n. I. Feebleness, debility, languidness, famtness, languishment. 2. Dulness, torpidness, listlessness, heartless- ness, heaviness, ennui. Laniate, v. a. Lacerate, tear, rend, sever, mangle, lancinate, claw, tear to pieces, tear asunder. Lank, a. Lean, thin, meagre, attenuated, slim, slender, starveling, skinny, scraggy, gaunt, emaciated. Lankness, «. Leanness, thinness, slimness, mea- greness, slendemess, attenuation, gauntness, emaciation. Lanuginous, a. {Bot.) Downy, woolly, lanate, lanated, lanuginose. Lanuginose, a. See Lanuginous. Lap, V. a. I. Fold, turn over, lay over. 2. Wrap, cover, twist round. 3. Lick, lick up, take up with the tongue. Lap, V. n. Be folded over, be laid over, reach over. Lapidary, n. Lapidist. Lapidescence, n. Lapidification, petrifaction. Lapidification, «. Lapidescence, petrifaction. Lapidist, n. Lapidary. Lapse, n. I. Flow, gliding, flowing, smooth course. 2. Fall, decline, declension, falling off. 3. Slip, fault, error, shortcoming, misstep, in- discretion. Lapse, V. n. I. Slip, glide, slide, sink, pass slowly. 2. Fail in duty, commit a fault, fall from in- nocence. 3. (Law.) Become void. Lapsus linguae. [L.] Slip of the tongue. Lapwing, «. Pewit {Tringa vanellus or Va- nellus cristatus). Larboard, n. (,Naut. ) Port, left-hand side. Larceny, «. Theft, stealing, pilfering, robbery, thievery. Lard, V. a. I. Grease. 2. Dress with bacon. 3. Intermix, interlay, interlard. Large, a. I. Big, great, bulky, huge, immense, vast, of great size. 2. Extensive, expanded, spacious, broad, wide. 3. Abundant, plentiful, ample, full, copious, liberal. 4. Capacious, comprehensive. 5. Comprehensive, broad, wide, liberal, gen- erous. Large-bellied, a. Abdominous, big-bellied, pot- bellied, paunchy. Largess, «. Bounty, present, donation, gift, en- dowment, grant, bequest. Lariat, «. Lasso. Larmier, «. (Arch.) Drip, corona. Larum, n. [Contraction of Alarum.'\ Alarm, alarum, tocsin, alarm-bell. Larva, «. Caterpillar, grub. Lascivious, a. Lustful, lecherous, libidinous, lickerish, salacious, concupiscent, lubric, lu- bricous, lewd, prurient, wanton, loose, unchaste, incontinent. Lash, n. I. Thong (o/a whip), scourge, whip. 2. Stroke, stripe. Lash, V. a. I. Scourge, whip, flog, castigate, flagellate. 2. Beat, beat against. 3. Bind, tie, tie together. 4. Censure, satirize, lampoon, abuse. Lash the waves. Make vain efforts, try in vain, beat the air, fish in the air. Lass, n. Girl, damsel, maiden, lassie, miss. lassie, «. [Scotch.] Girl, lass. Lassitude, n. Weanness, exhaustion, fatigue, pros- tration, languor, languidness. Lasso, n. Lariat. Last, a. I. Latest. 2. Hindmost. 3. Final, ultimate. 4. Highest, greatest, utmost, extreme. Last, ad. I. The last time. 2. After all the rest. 3. Finally, in conclusion. Last, V. n. I. Endure, remain, continue. 2. Hold out, be unexhausted, be unconsumed. Lasting, a. Enduring, permanent, abiding, dura- ble, of long continuance. Lastingness, «. Permanence, durability, continu- ance, fixedness. Lastly, ad. Finally, in fine, at last, at length, in the end, in conclusion. Late, a. I. Slow, tardy, long delayed. 2. Far advanced. 3. Recently deceased. 4. Recent. Late, ad. I. Tardily, after the propertime, at the eleventh hour, a day after the fair. 2. Recently, lately, not long ago, sometime, sometime since. Lately, ad. Recently, latterly, late, of late, not long ago. Latent, a. Concealed, hidden, secret, occult, veiled, unseen, abeyant. Lather, «. Foam (of soap andwater), froth. uSSffi,^- (^^^-^ Broad-leaved. Latin, a. Of the Latins, of ancient Rome, Roman. Latin, n. Language of ancient Rome, Latin lan- guage. Latinism, n. Latin idiom. Latibnity, n. Latin style. Latitude, n. I. Extent, range, scope, amplitude, compass. LATITUDINARIAN 249 LAY UP 2. Freedom, liberty, indulgence, free play. 3. Laxity, loose interpretation, indefinite meaning. 4. (Geog^ Angular distance from the equator. 5. (Asiron.) Angular distance from the ecliptic. Latitudinaxian, a. Liberal to an extreme (in opinion),, over-liberal, loose, lax, free-tliiiiking, over-tolerant. Latitudinarianism, n. Extravagant liberalism, laxity, free-thinking, over-toleration. Latten, «. Sheet tin, tinned iron plate. Latter, a. I. Last mentioned (of two). 2. Recent, modem. Latterly, ad. Lately, recently, of late. Lattice, «. Trellis, lattice-work. Lattice-work, «. Lattice, trellis. Laud, V. a. Praise, extol, celebrate, magnify. Laudable, a. Commendable, praiseworthy. Laudanum, n. Tincture of opium. Laudation, n. Praise, commeudation, eulogy, compliment, encomium. Laudatory, a. I. Commendatory, panegyrical, eulogistic, complimentary, encomiastic, adulatory, flattering. 2. Lavish or extravagant of praise. Laugh, n. Laughter, cachinnation. Laugb, V. n. Cachinnate. Laughable, a. Comical, droll, funny, ludicrous, farcical, ridiculous. Laugh at. Ridicule, deride, mock, scoff, scoff at, sneer at, laugh to scomj make fun of, poke fun at. Laughing, a. Merry, mirthful, gay, gleeful. Laughing, «. Laughter. Laughing-gas, n. Nitrous oxide, protoxide of nitrogen, exhilarating gas. Laughuig-StOCk, «. Butt (of Jests), object of ridicule. Laughter, «. Laughing, laugh. Laugh to scorn. Ridicule, deride, despise, sneer at, laugh at, laugh down, treat with contempt. Launch, v. a. I. Throw, hurl, cast, dart, lance. 2. Slide from the stocks (as a ship). Launch, v. n. Enlarge, expatiate, descant, dilate, launch out. Launch out. Enlarge, launch, expatiate. Laundress, n. Washerwoman. Laureate, «. Poet-laureate, court-poet. Lave, V. a. Wash, bathe. Lavement, «. (Med.) Clyster, enema, injection. Lavish, a. Profuse, prodigal, thriftless, unthrifty, wasteful, extravagant, too free, over-liberal. Lavish, v. a. I. Waste, squander, dissipate, spend lavishly. 2. Bestow prodigally, pour out. Law, n. I. Rule (prescribed by authority), regu- lation, statute, enactment, decree, ordinance, edict, order, canon, expressed command. 2. Formula, principle, form. 3. Code, body of rules. 4. Jurisprudence, science of laws, legal science. 5. [With The prefixed.] Mosaic code or dis- pensation, the old covenant. 6. Suit, process, litigation. 7. Controlling idea, governing principle, prin- ciple, determining rule (of the invariable sequence of events ox forms). 8. Uniform and constant operation (of any natural force under the same conditions), method of the divine agency, God in nature, Nature. Lawful, a. I. Loose, slack, relaxed. 2. Soft, flabby, drooping, relaxed. 3. Remiss, negligent, neglectfuL 4. Latitudinarian (which see). 5. Licentious, dissolute, loose. Laxative, a. Loosening, aperient, deobstruent, purgative. Laxauve, «. Laxative medicine, purgative, aperi- ent, deobstruent. Laxity, n. I. Looseness, slackness, laxness. 2. Remissness, negligence. 3. Latitude, latitudinarianism (which see). 4. Dissoluteness, licentiousness. Laxness, n. See Lax, in its various senses. Lay, V. a. I. Put, place, lay down. 2. Impose, assess. 3. Impute, charge, ascribe. 4. Spread (on a surface). 5. Prepare, set in order, get ready. 6. Contrive, scheme, devise, concoct. 7« Allay, quiet, calm, still, appease. 8. Exorcise, drive away. 9. Bet, stake, wager, risk, hazard 10. Produce, bring forth and deposit (as eggs). 11. (Naut) Depress, sink, sail away from so as to lose sight of. 12. (Law.) Allege, state, name. Lay> «• (Rare) I. Row, stratum, layer. 2. Bet, wager, stake, pledge. 3. Song, lyric. 4. Lea, meadow, mead, pasture, grassy plain, grass land. Ll^, a. Laic, laical. Lay aside. I. Reject, discard, put away, put off, lay on the shelf. 2. Put by, store, lay by. Lay by. Reserve, keep, retain, husband, reserve for future use. Lay down. I. Resign, give up, offer up, sacrifice. 2. Leave, quit, relinquish- 3. Advance, propound, assert, allege, enun- ciate. Layer, ». I. Stratum, bed. See Lay, i. 2, Course (as of bricks). 3. Shoot or twig (laid in the ground for Pro- pagation). Lay hold of. Seize, catch, grasp, clutch. Lay in. Store, provide, lay up. Lay one's self forth or out. Strive, labor, try, struggle, exert one's self, put forth all one's strength, do one's utmost. Lay open. I. Open, lance, cut open. 2. Expose, reveal, exhibit, disclose, unveil, divulge, publish, show, make known. Lay out. I. Spend, expend, disburse. 2. Plan, dispose, arrange. 3. Display, show, exhibit. 4. Prepare for burial. Lay over. I. Spread over, cover the surface of, overlay. 2. Postpone, defer, put off. Lay siege to. Besiege, beset, invest. Lay to heart. I. Feel keenlv, be greatly grieved at, be much troubled about, oe much affected by, take to heart, take on about. 2. Consider seriously, take with serious pur- pose, ponder well, make matter of earnest re- solve. Lay up. I. Store, provide, treasure up, lay in. 2. Confioe to the bed or the bouse. LAY WASTE 250 LEE Lay waste. Desolate, destroy, ruin. Lazaretto^ n. Hospital, infirmary, pest-house, lazar-house. Lazar-house, «. See Lazaretto. Lazy> a. I. Slothful, sluggish, sluggard, indolent, idle, inert, inactive, supine, torpid, slack, dronish, lumpish. 2. Sluggish, slow, creeping. Lea, n. Meadow, mead, grass land, sward land, Lead, v. a. I. Guide {by the hand or something connected with the hand). 2. Conduct, direct, escort, go before as guide. 3. Head, be at the head of, precede. 4. Surpass, excel, have the lead of, take the lead of, outstrip, be in advance of. 5. Allure, entice, induce, persuade, draw, pre- vail on. 6. Pass, spend. Lead, v. «. I. Show the way (3y going before). 2. Be the commander (as of troops). 3. Conduce, contribute, tend, serve. Lead, «. I. Guidance, direction, leadership. 2. Precedence. Lead captive. I. Carry into captivity, capture. 2. Captivate, fascinate, overpower. Leader, ». I. Guide, director, conductor, cory- pheus, choregus. 2. Chief, chieftain, commander. 3. Superior, victor, dominator. corypheus, cock of the walk, ruler of the roost, first fiddle. LeadersMp, «. I. Guidance, direction, lead, conduct. 2. Primacy, supremacy, predominance, domi- nation, hegemony. Leading, a. I. Governing, ruling. 2. Chief, principal, capital, most important. Lead off. Begin, take the lead. Lead the way. Go before {as guide). Leaf, n. Blade. Leaflet, n. Small leaf. Leaf -Stalk, «. {Bot.) Petiole. League, n. I. Alliance, confederation, confed- eracy, combination, coalition, union. 2. Three {geographical) miles. League, v. «. Unite, combine, confederate, band, form a league, form an alliance. Leagued, a. United, combined, allied, confeder- ated, confederate, banded. Leak, «. I. Fissure {letting a liquid in or out\ chink, crevice, hole. 2. Leaking, leakage, percolation. Leak, v. a. I. Percolate, leak in or out, ooze, pass slowly. 2. Let in {water or other liquid)^ take water, etc. Lean, v. «. I. Incline (Jrom a perpendicular), slope. 2. Recline, bear, rest, repose. 3. Tend, have a tendency. 4. Repose, rely, depend, confide, trust. Lean, v. a. Rest, incline for support, lay. Lean, a. I. Thin, poor, gaunt, emaciated, meagre, lank, skinny, fallen away, 2. Barren, jejune, meagre, tame, prosy, dull. 3. Scanty, slender, pitiful, inadequate, not full ^r abundant, not plentiful, not ample, not enough. 4. Free from fat, destitute of fat. 5. Barren, bare, unfertile, unproductive. Leaning, «. Bent, inclination, bias, propensity, proneness. See Tendency. Lean-to, «. Penthouse, shed. Leap, V. n. I. Jump, bound, spring, vault. 2. Hop, frisk, gambol, caper. Leap, V. a. Jump over, bound across. Leap, «. I. Jump, spring, bound, vault. 2. Hop, frisk, frisking, caper, gambol. Leap-year, «. Bissextile. Learn, v. a. I. Get a knowledge of, acquire skill in, make one's self acquainted with, make one's self master of. 2. Be informed of, hear, hear of. Learn, v. «. I. Get learning, acquire knowledge, gain experience, acquire information, acquire. 2. Be informed, hear. Learn by heart. Memorize, commit to memory, get by heart, learn or get by rote. Learned, a. I. Erudite, lettered, deep-read. 2. [With z«.] Knowing, skilled, expert, ex- perienced, well-informed. Learning, n. I. Acquisition of knowledge. 2. Erudition, scholarship, acquirements, attain- ments, lore, large knowledge, wide information, acquired knowledge. Lease, v, a. Let {for a term of years). Leash, «. I. Thong or string {for holding a dog or a hawk). 2. Three {greyhounds, etc.). Leash, v. a. Tie, tie together. Least, a. Smallest, minutest. Least, ad. In the smallest degree. Leathery, a. Tough, coriaceous. Leave, n. I. Permission, liberty, allowance, license. 2. Withdrawal, retirement, departure. 3. Farewell, adieu, congi. Leave, v. a. I. Quit, vacate, abandon, withdraw from, depart from, go away from, retire from, get away from. 2. Abandon, forsake, desert, relinquish, re- nounce, put aside, lay aside, give up, give over. 3. Let alone, let be, suffer to remain undis- turbed, forbear to meddle with. 4. Commit, consign, refer. 5. Stop, forbear, cease from, desist from, re- frain from, leave off, break off, make an end of. 6. Permit, allow, let, give leave, give permis- sion. 7. Bequeath, demise, devise, will, give by will. 8. Leave behind one, leave at one's death, leave remaining after death. Leave, v. n. Desist, stop, cease, forbear, leave off. Leaven, «. I. Yeast, ferment, barm, fermenting substance. 2. Pervading influence. Leaven, v. a. I. Produce or excite fermentation in, ferment, raise, lighten. 2. Imbue, pervade, permeate, tinge, color, inspire, elevate, lift. 3. Imbue, infect, vitiate, taint. Leave off. (Active.) Forbear, desist from, break off. Leave off. {Neuter.) Desist, stop, leave. Leave out. Omit. Leaves, «. //. Foliage. Leavings, «. pi. Remains, remnants, relics, frag- ments, scraps, pieces, refuse, odds and ends. Lecherous, a. Lewd, lascivious, libidinous, lust- ful, carnal, salacious, lickerish, concupiscent, lubric, lubricous, wanton, unchaste, incontinent. Lechery, n. Lewdness, lasciviousness, concupis- cence, lust, salacity, salaciousness, lubricity, carnal desire, brutal appetite. Lection, «. Reading, version, interpretation. Lecture, n. I. Discourse, prelection. 2. Censure, lesson, lecturing, reprimand, re- proof, scolding. Lecture, v. a. I. Deliver a lecture to. 2. Reprove, reprimand, scold, chide, rate. Ledge, «. I. Shelf. 2. Ridge of rocks. Lee, a. To leeward {opposed to weather). LEE 251 LETHAL Lee, ft. Leeward, lee-side, side sheltered from the wind. Leer, v. n. Look askance (in contempt). Lees, n. pl. Dregs, sediment, settUngs, precipi- tate, dunder. Leeward, n. Lee, lee-side. Legacy, «. Bequest, devise, gift by will. Legal, a. Lawful, legitimate, legalized, author- ized or sanctioned {by law), according to law. Legality, n. Lawfulness, conformity to law. Legalize, v. a. I. Authorize, permit by law. 2. Sanction, legitimate, legitimize, make legal, confirm by law. Legate, «. I. Envoy, deputy, delegate. See Ambassador. 2. Papal ambassador, pope's legate, cardinal legate. Legation, «. Embassy, deputation, body of diplo- matists. Legend, «. I. Fable, myth, fiction, doubtful narrative, fictitious story. 2. Molto {round a coin or a medat). Legendary, a. Fabulous, fictitious, mythical. Legerdemain, «. Juggle, juggling, sleight of hand. Legible, «• I. Readable, plain, fair, decipher- able. 2. Manifest, apparent, recognizable, discover- able. Legion, n. I. Army, host, military force, body of troops. 2. Multitude, host, army, great number. Legions, «. pl. Troops, battalions, squadrons, armed men, armed hordes. Legislate, V' «. Make laws, enact laws. Legislate, v. a. Enact, ordain, create or annul by law or legislation, speak into or out of {Jfeing or existence). Legislative, a. Law-making. Legislator, «. Lawgiver, lawmaker. Legislature, «. Legislative body. Legitimacy, «. I. Legality, lawfulness, accord- ance with law. 2. Genuineness. Legitimate, a. I. Legal, lawful, in accordance with law. 2. Born in wedlock, lawfully begotten. 3. Genuine. 4. Valid, logical, warranted, warrantable, correct. Le^tiMM,* } "• *• Legalize, malte legitimate. Legume, «. {Bot. ) Simple pod (of two valves). Legumes, n. pl. Pulse, fruit of leguminous plants. Leisure, «. I. Spare hours, spare time, time to spare. 2. Convenience, ease. 3. Freedom from business, ease. Lend, V. a. I. Loan, accommodate' with. 2. Give, grant, afford, furnish, bestow, confer, impart. Lend a band. Render assistance, put one's shoulder to the wheel, hold out a helping hand, give one a lift, give one a turn, do one a favor, help a lame dog over a stile. Lengtb, «. I. Extent, lon^tudinal dimensions. 2. Long duration, duration, continuance. 3. Detail, amplification, fulness. Lengthen, v. a. I. Elongate, extend (in space\ stretch, draw out, produce, prolong. 2. Protract, continue, prolong, extend (in time), spin out Lengthen, v. n. Become longer, grow longer, in- crease in length. uSIth^!'}-^- Longitudinally. Lengthy, a. Long, lengthened, prolonged, prolix, protracted. Lenience, ) «. Clemency, mildness, lenity, mercy. Leniency, J tenderness, gentleness, forbearance. Lenient, a. I. Softening, assuasive, soothing, mitigating, mitigative, lenitive. 2. Mild, gentle, clement, merciful, tender, forbearing, long-suffering. Lenient, «. See Lenitive, n. Lenitive, a. Soothing, assuasive, emollient, lenient, mitigative, balmy, sedative, demul- cent. Lenitive, n. Palliative, emollient, lenient, opiate, anodyne, soothing medicine. Lenity, «. Mildness, clemency, gentleness, ten- derness, mercy, kindness, forbearance, lenience, leniency. Lens-shaped, a. Lentiform, lenticular. Lenten, a. I. Of Lent, belonging to Lent, used in Lent, in Lent. 2. Sparing, meagre, abstemious, spare, light, lean, slender. uSte,}- Lens-shaped. Lentiginous, a. Scurfy, scabby, scaly, scabbed, furfuraceous. Lentisk, \ n. Mastic-tree or mastich-tree {Pista- LentiscuS, ) cia lentiscus). Leonine, a. I. Lion-like. 2. Characteristic of a lion, belonging to a liou or lions. Leopard'S-hane, ». Amxcai^Doronicum pardali- ancltes). Lepidolite, ». {Min.) Rose mica, lithia mica. L^SdStld,!''- <^^^> Scaly, leprous. Leprous, a. I. Infected with leprosy. 2. {Bot.) Scaly, lepidote, lepidoted. 3. Corrupt, foul, vile, defiling, infectious, poi- sonous, polluting. Lese-majesty, «. [Preferably written Leze- majesty.'\ Treason. Lesion, «. {Med.) Injury, hurt, disorder, de- rangement, morbid change. Less, a. Smaller, inferior. Less, ad. Not so much, in a less degree. Less, n. Not so much, smaller quantity, less amount. Lessen, v. a. I. Diminish, decrease, reduce, abate, abridge, make less. 2. Lower, degrade. Lessen, v. «. Decrease, diminish, abate, dvtindle, shrink, be reduced. Lessening, «. Diminution, decrement, decresise, reduction, abatement. Lesser, a. Less, smaller, inferior. Lesser Bear. [With Tlu prefixed.] Little Bear, Ursa Minor. Lesson, «. I. Exercise [of a learner)., task. 2. Instruction, precept. 3. Reproof, rebuke, lecture, censure, lectur- ing, scoldine, chiding. Lest, conj. That not, for fear that. Let^ V. a. I. Allow, permit, suffer, give leave to, give permission to. 2. Lease, put to hire. Let, n. Hindrance, impediment, obstacle, ob- struction. Let alone. Leave, let be, suffer to remain undis- turbed, forbear to meddle with. Let be. Leave. See Let alone. Let bygones be bygones. Let the past be for- gotten. Let down. Lower, depress. Let c57** 1 Discharge, let loose. Let go. Release, loose, set free, let loose, let slip, cast off, let f^ut. Lethal* a. {Rare.) Deadly, mortal, fatal. LETHARGIC 262 LICK lethargic, )a. Drowsy, dull, torpid, heavy, Lethargical, ) stupid, stupefied, comatose, mor- bidly sleepy. Lethargy, «. Stupor, torpor, coma, stupefaction, hypnotism, stupidity, morbid drowsiness. Lethean, a. Oblivious. Let into \ ■^'^'"■*» permit to enter. Let loose. Release, liberate, let free, free from restraint, let out, let go, set at liberty. Let off. I. Discharge, explode. 2. Excuse, exonerate, exempt. Let out. I. Release, liberate, set free, let loose, free from restraint, set at liberty. 2. Extend, loosen. 3. Blab, disclose, divulge, reveal. Let slip. Loose, let go. Letter, «. I. Alphabetic character. 2. Epistle, note. 3. Literal meaning, literal sense, verbal ex- pression. Lettered, a. Learned, literary, bookish, well- read, deep-read, book-learned. Letters, «. pi. I. Literature, learning, culture, erudition. 2. Correspondence. Levant, «. The East, eastern coasts of the Med- iterranean. Levee, «. I. Time of rising. 2. [6^. S."] Ceremonious party, reception, en- tertainment, soiree. 3. [Europe.] Morning reception {d_y a prince or great personage). 4. [U. 6".] Embankment {along a river to prevent inundation). Level, a. I. Horizontal. 2. Even, flat, plain. 3. Flush, on a level, of the same height. 4. Of the same rank, condition, etc., on a par. Level* V. a. I. Make horizontal. 2 Bring to the same level. 3. Raze, demolish, destroy. 4. Aim, direct, point, take aim. 5. Adapt, suit, fit, proportion. Lev^, n. I. Horizontal surface, horizontal line. 2. State of equality, equal elevation. Leverage, n. Purchase {obtained by the lever). Levigate, v. a. Pulverize, comminute, triturate, grind, bruise, bray, reduce to powder. Levigation, «. Pulverization, comipinution, tritu- ration. Levin, «. Lightning. Levin-brand, n. Thunderbolt, lightning-flash. Levity, «. I. Lightness, want of weight. 2. Frivolity, flightiness, giddiness, volatility, want of seriousness. Levy, V. a. I. Raise, muster, call together. 2. Collect, gather. Lewd, a. I, [Archaic] Vile, despicable, loose, profligate, wicked. 2. Lustful. See Libidinous. Le^con, n. Dictionary, glossary, vocabulary, word-book. Leze-majesty, «. [Sometimes written Lese- majesty.] Treason. Liability, «. I. Responsibility, accountableness, accountability, bounden duty. 2. Exposedness. Liabilities, «. //. {Com.) Debts, obligations. Liable, a. I. Answerable, responsible, account- able, amenable. 2. Exposed, subject, obnoxious. Liaison, »• [Fr.] I. Amour, intrigue, illicit inti- macy, criminal intimacy. 2. {Rare.) Connection, union, bond of union, relation. Libelf n. I. Malicious publication, defamation, defamatory writing. 2. {Law.) Charge, statement of complaint. Libel, V. a. I. Lampoon, defame {by some publi- cation). 2. {Law.) Proceed against by a libel, bring a charge against. Libellous, a. [Written also Libelous.] Defama- tory, malicious. Liberal, a. I. Generous, bountiful, free, benefi- cent, munificent, princely, charitable, open- hearted, free-hearted, unselfish, disinterested. 2. Enlarged, catholic, tolerant, unbigoted, high-minded, magnanimous, honorable, chival- rous. 3. Large, full, unstinted, abundant, bounteous, ample, plentiful. 4. Refined, liberalizing, refining, befitting a freeman, humanizing. Liberal, «. Liberalist, advocate of liberal princi- ples. Liberalism, «. Liberal principles. Liberalist* n. Liberal, advocate of liberal princi- ples. Liberality, «. I. Generosity, bounty, benefi- cence, munificence, disinterestedness, bountiful- ness, charity. 2. Present, gift, benefaction. 3. Catholicity, toleration, magnanimity, can- dor, impartiality, largeness of mind, large-mind- edness, freedom from narrowness, freedom from bigotry. Liberalize, v. a. I. Enlarge, make liberal, free from prejudice. 2. Make liberal, refine, elevate, cultivate. Liberate, v. a. Release, free, emancipate, manu- mit, disinthrall, ransom, discharge, deliver, set free, set at liberty, let go, let loose, let out. Liberation, «. I. Deliverance, rescue, release, setting free. 2. Release, discharge. Liberties, «. pi. I. Limits {o/ a prison, etc.). 2. Unwarrantable freedom. 3. Immunities, franchises, privileges. Libertine, «. Rake, debauchee, profligate, rou^, dissolute man, man of pleasure. Libertine, a. Licentious, dissolute, depraved, corrupt. Libertinism, «. Licentiousness, dissoluteness, debauchery. Liberty, n. I. Freedom {after previous re- straint), liberation from foreign restraint, inde- pendence, self-direction, self-government. 2. Privilege, immunity, franchise. 3. Leave, permission, license. Libidinous, a. lascivious, lustful, carnal, lecher- ous, lickerish, lewd, salacious, concupiscent, wanton, loose, unchaste, incontinent, lubric, lubrical, lubricous, sensual, impure. Librate, v. a. Balance, poise, hold in equipoise. Libratory, a. Balancing. License, «. I. Permission, privilege, leave, right. 2. Permit, warrant. 3. Laxity, excessive liberty, exorbitant free- dom, disorder, anarchy, lawlessness. License, v. a. Permit, allow, grant authority to, give a permit or warrant to. Licentious, a. I. Unrestrained, riotous, un- curbed, wanton, uncontrolled, unruly, ungov- ernable, disorderly. 2. Dissolute, debauched, profligate, rakish, libertine, loose, lax. 3. Sensual, unchaste, immoral, impure, liber- tine, lascivious, lewd, libidinous, lecherous, lustful. Lick, V. a. I. Pass the tongue over. 2. Lap, take up with the tongue. LICK 253 LIKE lick, «. I. Taste. 2. Blow, slap, stroke. 3. Salt-lick, saline, salt-spring. lickerlsll, a. I. Hankering (/ ment, payment. Liquidity, n. Fluidity, liquidness. LiquidnesS, «. Fluidity, liquidity. Liquor, «. I. Liquid, fluid, liquid substance, 2. Spirituous or alcoholic liquid, spirituous liquor, alcoholic drink, strong drink. Liquor of flints. Soluble glass, silicate of soda (or of potash). List, n. I. Register, roll, catalogue, inventory, schedule, invoice. 2. Border, bound, limit. 3. Strip {of cloth, on the edge), selvage, border,, edge. 4. {Arch.) Fillet, annulet, listel. List, V. n. Wish, choose, desire, prefer, like, please, elect, think fit, think best, think proper. Listel, ». {Arch.) Fillet, annulet, list. Listen, v. «. Hearken, hark, hear, attend, give ear, lend an ear, incline an ear, prick up the ears, be all ear. LISTLESS 255 LOATHE Listless, a. Inattentive, indifferent, heedless, careless, thoughtless. Lists, M. //. Arena, palaestra, race-course. Literal, a. I. As regards letters, by letter. 2. According to the exact meaning, following the exact words, strict, exact, verbatitn. 3. Following the exact words. Literally, ad. I. Really, actually. 2. Exactly, precisely, rigorously, strictly. Literary, a. I. Of literature or learning. 2. Learned, lettered, bookish, well-read, book- learned, literate, instructed, erudite, scholarly. Literate, a. Learned, lettered. Literati, «• [L. />/.] Scholars, the learned, learned men, savants. Literatim, ad. [L.] Letter for letter. Literature, n. I. Learning, erudition, letters, lore. 2. The humanities, the Muses, belles-lettres, polite literature. 3. Literary productions, literary works. Lithe, a. Limber, flexible, flexile, pliable, pliant, supple. Lithesome, a. Pliant, limber, nimble, lissome, lithe. LitUa, n. Oxide of lithium. LitMc, a. Stone, stony. LithoMblion, «. Bibliolite, lithophyl. Litigate, v. a. Contest in law, defend in a law- suit. Litigate, v. «. Dispute in law, carry on a law- suit. Litigatioil, n. Lawsuit, suit at law, judicial con- test. Litigious, a. I. Contentious, disputatious, quar- relsome. 2. Disputable, controvertible. Litter, «. I. Vehicle with a bed (borne by hand). 2. Bedding of straw, hay, etc 3. Shreds, fragments, waste matter, scattered rubbish. 4. Confusion, disorder. 5. Brood. Litter, v. a. I. Cover with straw, hay, etc., for bedding. 2. Cover with things negligently scattered, strew, scatter, disorder, derange. 3. Give birth to (said of quadrupeds), bring forth, bear. Little, a. I. Small (m size or extent), minute, diminutive, tiny. 2. Small {in quantity or amount). 3. Small {in dignity, power, or importance), inconsiderable, insignificant, unimportant. 4. Brief, short. 5. Inconsiderable, petty, slight, trivial, slen- der, feeble, moderate, scanty, weak, small {in force or efficiency). 6. Mean, selfish, narrow, paltry, contemptible, niggard, illiberal, small {in generosity). Little, n. I. Small quantity. 2. Miniature, small scale, small degree. Little, ad. Slightly, in a small degree, in some degree, not much. Little Bear. [With The prefixed.) Lesser Bear, Ursa Minor. Liturgy, «. Ritual, formulary of public worship, agenda. Live, V. n. I. Exist, have being, have life, be alive, be animated. 2. Remain, continue, endure, be p)ermanent, la.st, survive. 3. Dwell, abide, reside. 4. Feed, subsist, be nourished, be supported (with on). 5. Subsist, acquire a livelihood (with on or h). 6. Enjoy life, be happy. 7. Behave, conduct one's self. Llye, V. a. I. Lead, pass, continue. 2. Practise, put in practice. Liye, a. l. Living, alive, animate, quick. 2. Ignited, burning, hot. 3. Vivid, bright, lively, glowing, brilliant. 4. Earnest, active, wide-awake, glowing, ani- mated. Live in clover. Luxuriate, wanton, revel, live luxuriously. Livelihood, n. Maintenance, support, sustenance, subsistence, living. Liveliness, n. I. Sprightliness, vivacity, anima* tion, spirit, briskness, activity. 2. Activity, effervescence. Livelong, a. Lasting, durable, long-enduring. Livelong day. Entire day. Lively, a. I. Active, agile, nimble, supple, brisk, alert, quick, stirring, smart, vigorous, viva- cious, energetic. 2. Animated, spirited, sprightly, vivacious, airy, gay, blithe, blithesome, gleeful, jocund, buoyant, joyous, frolicsome, buxom, jolly. 3. Living, lifelike. 4. Vivid, bright, brilliant, fresh, glowing, strong, clear. 5. Vigorous, forcible, strong, energetic, keen, nervous, glowing, sparkling, racy, piquant, im- passioned. Liver-leaf, «. Liverwort, Hepatica. Liverwort, «. Liver-leaf, Hepatica. Livery, «. I. Dress {for distinction, as of ser- vants). 2. Release, deliverance. 3. Ration, allowance. 4. Dress, covering, outward appearance, garb. 5* Badge, uniform. 6. (Law.) Delivery. Live-stocky n. Stock, domestic animals {on a farm). Livid, a. Discolored {as flesh by a bruise), black and blue, lead-colored, gray-blue. Living, a. I. Existing, live, alive. 2. Quickening, active, lively. Living, «. I. Livelihood, maintenance, support, subsistence, keeping, estate. 2. Benefice, ecclesiastical living. 3. Mode of life, course of life, manner of life. Lizlvinm, n. Lye. Lo, interj. Look, see, behold, observe. Load, «. I. Burden, weight. 2. Lading, cargo, freight. 3. Encumbrance, pressure, clog, incubus, drag weight, dead weight, oppression. 4. (Z\\V[%t {of a fire-arm). 5. Weight, violence [of blows). Load, V. a. I. Freight, lade, put or lay a load upon. 2. Encumber, oppress, burden, weigh down, cumber. 3. Charge (as a gun). 4. Adulterate. Loadstar, «. [Written also Lodestar."] Polestar, cynosure, the north star, guiding-star. Loadstone, «. (Written also Lodestone.] Mag- net, natural magnet. Loaf, V. n. Lounge, be idle, idle away one's time. Loafer, «. Idler, lounger, vagabond, idle wan- derer, vagrant. Loam, n. Mould, soil. Loan, V. a. Lend. Loath, a. [Written also Loth.] Relactant, back- ward, unwilling, averse, disinclined, indisposed. Loathe, v. a. I. Feel disgust at, feel nausea at. 2. Abhor, detest, hate, abominate, feel dis- gust at, shrink from, recoil from. LOATHING 256 LONG-HEADED Loathing:, «. Abhorrence, aversion, disgust, de- testation, abomination, hatred, antipathy. Loathsome, a. I. Disgusting, sickening, nau- seous, nauseating, repulsive, offensive, revolting, palling. 2. Hateful, detestable, odious, shocking, abominable, abhorrent, execrable. Loaves and fishes. Gains, rewards, emoluments. Lobelia, «. Indian tobacco (a name of the North A merican species ; Lobelia injiata). Lohlolly, «. VVater-gruel, burgoo, burgout. Local, a. Topical, limited. Locale, «. Place, spot, location, locality. Locality, n. Position, situation, place, location. Locate, v, a. I. Place, set, establish, fix, settle. 2. Determine the place of, designate the site of. 3. Set off («j tracts o/ land), fix the bounda- ries of. Locate, v. «, Reside, be placed, place one's self, settle. Location, «. I. Situation, place, locality. 2. Locating, establishing, marking out the limits or boundaries. Loch, n. [Scotch.] I. Lake, pond, mere. 2. Creek, inlet, bay. 3. {Med.) [Written also Locke, Lohoch, and Looch.] Lambative, lincture, linctus. Lock, n. I. Fastening. 2. Grapple, hug. 3. Enclosure, lock-up. 4. Weir-guard-lock. 5. hiit-lock (of a canal). 6. Tuft, tress, ringlet. 7. Tuft, flock, plexus. 8. Handful. Lock, V. a. I. Fasten (with a lock), close fast. 2. Confine {fy locking)., shut up, lock up. 3. Stop, clog, impede, fasten. 4. Seal, close, press together. 5. Join, unite, clasp. 6. Enclose, encircle, embrace, clasp. LS^k^aw^' ! "• Trismus, tetanus {of the jaw). Lock up. I. Clasp, fasten, lock, close fast. 2. Confine, shut up, restrain. Locofoco, «. Lucifer match. Locomotion, n. I. Motion {from place to place), movement. 2. Power of moving. Locum tenens. [L.] Deputy, substitute, lieuten- ant, agent, proxy, delegate, representative. Locust, n. [U. S,, where this name is improp- erly applied to the harvest- fly.] Cicada, harvest- fly. Locution, n. Discourse, phrase, mode of speech. Lode, n. [Written also Load.} Metallic vein, mineral vein. Lodestar, «. See Loadstar. Lodge, fr. I. Hut. 2. Cottage, cot, small house. 3. Den, lair, haunt, cave. 4. Association {as of Freemasons), secret society. 5. Collection, group. Lodg:e, V. a. I. Place, put, deposit, set, lay. 2. Plant, infix, fix, settle, place, throw in. 3. Harbor, quarter, cover, provide lodging for. 4. Lay flat, beat down. Lodge, z*. ». I. Settle, be deposited, be fixed, 2. Inhabit {for a season), dwell, live, reside, abide, rest. 3. Sojourn, tarry, rest, stop, stay, remain, abide, take up one's quarters, pitch one's tent, put up, take lodgings, have lodgings. Lodgement, n I. Accumulation, collection. 2. Repository, room, lodging-place. Lodging, n. I. Place of rest, apartment for sleeping. 2. Habitation {for a season), abode, resi- dence, dwelling, quarters, dwelling-place, place of residence. 3. Harbor, cover, refuge, shelter. Loftiness, «. I. Height, elevation, altitude. 2. Pride, haughtiness, vanity, arrogance. 3. Sublimity, dignity, grandeur. Lofty, a- I. High, elevated, tall, towering. 2. Proud, haughty, arrogant. 3. Sublime, exalted, elevated. 4. Stately, dignified, imposing, majestic Logan, ». [Written also Loggan, Loggan-stone.y Rocking-stone. Loggerhead, n. Simpleton, dunce, blockhead, dolt, thick-skull. Logic, «. I. Science of reasoning, science of the laws of thought, analysis of the process of rea- soning. 2. Dialectics, reasoning. Logical, a. I. Of logic. 2. Dialectical, according to the rules of logic, that which conforms to the laws of thought, coherent, consistent, sound, close. 3. Discriminating, skilled in reasoning, versed in logic. LO|[Omachy, n. Dispute, controversy, argumenta- tive debate, altercation, bickering, wrangling, war of words, words. LogrWOOd, n. Campeachy wood. Loins, n. pi. Reins, lumbar region. Loiter, v. n. Lag, linger, delay, tarry, saunter, dillydally, move slowly, be dilatory. Loiterer, «. Lingerer, idler, laggard. Loitering, a. Dilatory, lingering. Loll, V. n. I. Lounge, recline, lean, sprawl, lie at ease. 2. Hang out, hang extended. Lollipop, n. Sugar-plum, sweetmeat. Lone, a. I. Solitary, secluded, lonely, unfre- quented, deserted, uninhabited, unoccupied, lonesome, retired. 2. Single, solitary, isolated, lonely, alone. 3. Single, unmarried. Loneliness, n. I. Solitariness, seclusion, solitude, retirement, isolation. 2. Sadness, desolateness, dreariness. Lonely, a. I. Apart, retired, solitary, secluded, isolated, sequestered, remote, dreary, lone- some. 2. Lone, alone, solitary, unaccompanied, com- panionless. 3. Desolate, dreary, forsaken, deserted, forlorn. Lonesome, a. I. Solitary, lonely, secluded, de- serted, lone. 2. Desolate, cheerless, dismal, gloomy, dreary. Long, a. I. Lengthy, drawn out. 2. Protracted, prolonged, lengthy. 3. Extended, in extent. 4. Long-winded, spun out, long-spun, tedious, prolix, diffuse. 5. Lingering, longing. 6. Far-seeing, far-reaching, extensive. 7. Slow, dilatory, slack, lingering, tardy. Long, ad. I. To a great extent. 2. A long time, for a long time. 3. Throughout, all along. Long-hreathed, a. Long-winded. Longe, « and V. n. [Fr.] Pass, thrust, allonge, lunge. Long for. Crave, hanker for, hanker after, lust after, pine for, have a longing for, yearn for, aspire after, desire earnestly. Long-headed, a. Sagacious, discerning, intelli- LONG HOME 257 LORE eent, acute, shrewd, clear-sighted, keen-sighted, fer-seeing, perspicacious. Long borne. The tomb, the sepulchre, the grave, narrow house, death. Longing:, «. Craving, yearning, earnest desire, eager desire, aspiration. Longitude, «. Length. Longnltudinal]y» ad. Lengthwise, from end to end. Long-sighted, a. I. Far-sighted. 2. Sagacious, far-seeing, discerning. Long-spun, a. Lengthy, tedious, long-winded, spun out. Long-suffering, a. Forbearing, patient, en- during. Long-suffering, «. Forbearance, clemency, patient endurance {of injuries). Long-tongued, a. Prating, babbling, loquacious Longways, ad. Longwise, lengthwise. Long-Winded, a. I. Long-breathed. 2. Protracted, prolonged, spun out 3. Tedious, wearisome. Looby, n. Lubber, lout, clumsy fellow. Look, V. n. I. Direct the eye, gaze. 2. Turn the thoughts, apply the mind, con- sider, examine, contemplate. 3. Expect^ await, anticipate. 4. Mind, consider, take care, take heed, watch. 5. Front, face, be turned, be directed. 6. Appear, seem. 7> Have an air, assume a manner. Look, V. a. Influence by looks. Look, interj. See, lo, behold, take notice, observe. Look, n. I. Gaze, glance. 2. Appearance, aspect, complexion. 3. Mien, manner, air, aspect. Look after. I. Attend to, take care of, see to. 2. Seek, search for, look for. 3. Expect, wait for. Look down upon. Despise, contemn, spurn, re- gard with contempt. Look for. I. Expect. 2. Search, seek, look afler. Looking-glass, «. Mirror. Look in the face. Face, meet boldly. Look into. Investigate, examine, study, consider, inspect closely, observe narrowly. Look on. I. Be a spectator. 2. Regard, esteem. 3. Consider, view, conceive of, think. Look out. {Active.) Search for, look up. Look out. {Neuter. ) Be on the watch, be on one's guard, beware, be circumspect. Look over. Examine, cast the eye over, scrutinize. Look sharp. Be vigilant, have all one's eyes about one. Look through. Penetrate, solve. Look to. I. Watch, take care of, look after. 2. Rely on, depend on. Look up. Search for, look out. Look upon. Regard, consider, esteem, look on. Look up to. Respect, honor, defer to, think much of, think highly of. Loon, n. I. {Ornitk.) Great northern diver, ember-goose {Columbus glacialis). 2. Simpleton, fool, dunce, blockhead, logger- head. Loop, «. I. Noose, bight 2. Link, crook, bend, turn. 3. Loophole, aperture. Looper, n. Canker-worm, span-worm, geometer. Loophole, n. I. Opening {in the wall of a forti- fication) ^ aperture, loop. 2. Plea, pretext, pretence, excuse, way for evasion, way of escape, loop. Loose, V. a. I. Unfasten, untie, unbind, unloose, set free. 2. Relax, loosen. 3. Release, liberate, free, set free. 4. Detach, disconnect, disengage. 5. Unfasten, undo, unlock. 6. Remit, absolve. Loose, a. I. Unbound, untied, unsewed, uncoo* fined, unfastened. 2. Free, unattached. 3. Movable. 4. Slack, relaxed. 5. Open, incompact. 6. Prolix, rambling, diffusive, unconnected, diffuse. 7. Vague, indefinite, indistinct, indeterminate, ill-defined. 8. Lax. 9. Lax, careless, slack, negligent, heedless. 10. Easy, comfortable. 11. Disengaged, tree, unengaged (with from or of). 12. Immoral, dissolute, unchaste, wanton, licentious. Loosen, v. a. I. Slacken, relax, make loose, make less tight. 2. Release, unloose, loose, let loose, free. 3. Make lax {as the dowels), relax. 4. Alienate, separate- Looseness, ». I. Slackness, easiness. 2. Laxity, levity. 3. Irregularity. 4. Lewdness, unchastity, wantonness, wick- edness. _ 5. Diarrhoea, flux, laxity. 6. Openness, laxity. Loot, «. Booty, plunder, spoil. Loot, V. a. Plunder, ransack, rifle. Lop, V. a. I. Cut, cut off, obtruncate. 2. Dock, crop, curtail, prune, cut short. 3. Sever, dissever, detach, cut off. 4. Drop, let fall. Loppard, n. Pollard. Lopper, V. a. Curdle, coagulate, spoil, sour, clot. Loquacious, a. I. Talkative, garrulous, voluble. 2. Speaking, noisy, talking. 3. Blabbing, babbling, tattling, tell-tale. Loquacity, «. Talkativeness, garrulity, gift of gab, loquaciousness, chattering, volubility, mul- tiloquence. Lord, «. I. Master, ruler, governor, sovereign, king, monarch, superior, prince. 2. Noble, nobleman, peer. 3. Husband, spouse. 4. God, Jehovah. See God 5. Christ, the Saviour, the Master. Lord it over. ) Rule, rule over, domineer over. Lord over. ) play the lord Lordliness, n. I. Dignity, majesty. 2. Pride, haughtiness. Lordly, a. I. Dignified, majestic, grand, noble, lofty. 2. Proud, haughty, domineering, imperious, overbearing, insolent, tyrannical, despotic, ar- rogant. 3. Large, liberal, noble. Lordly, ad. Proudly, imperiously, despotically, haughtily. Lord's-day, «. Sunday, the Christian Sabbath, first day of the week, the day of rest. Lordship, «. I. Authority, dominion, rule, sway, command, control, government, direction, domi- nation, empire, sovereignty. 2. Manor, seigniory, domain. Lord's-prayer, «. Pater noster. Lord'S-SUpper, n. Eucharist, communion, sacra- ment, Christian sacrament. Lore, n. I. Learning, erudition, knowledge. 17 LORGNETTE 258 LOWERY 2. Instruction, counsel, admonition, teaching, doctrine, lesson, wisdom, advice. Lorenette, «. Opera-glass. Loriotf «. Witwall, golden oriole {of Europe ; Oriolus galbula). Lorn, a. {Poetical.) Lost, undone, forsaken, de- serted, lone, bereft, lonely. Lose, V. a. I. Be deprived of, fail to keep, let slip, let slip through the fingers. 2. Forfeit, fail to win, fail to obtain. 3. Waste, squander, misspend, throw away, make no use of. 4. Deprive, dispossess of. 5. Displace, dislodge, displant. 6. Miss, wander from. 7. Perplex, bewilder, confuse. 8. Ruin, destroy. 9. Be bereaved of, be deprived of. Lose, V. n. I. Forfeit, fail to win, be defeated. 2. Succumb, decline, fail, suffer by comparison, yield. Lose caste. Be disgraced. Lose ground. I. Fall behind. 2. Decline, lose credit. Lose heart. Despair, be discouraged, give up hope. Lose one's heart. Fall in love. Lose one's self. I. Be bewildered. 2. Slumber, fall asleep. Losing, ». Loss. Loss, n. I. Privation, deprivation, forfeiture. 2. Forfeiture, failure to win. 3. Destruction, overthrow, damage, detriment, ruin, defeat, injury, damage, disadvantage. 4. Waste, squandenng. Lost, a. I. Missing, not to be found. 2. Forfeited, missed. 3. Misspent, wasted, squandered, dissipated, thrown away. 4. Bewildered, confused, perplexed, puzzled, distracted. 5. Abstracted, preoccupied, absent, absent- minded, dreamy, napping. 6. Depraved, corrupt, abandoned, profligate, dissolute, reprobate, graceless, shameless, obdu- rate, hardened, incorrigible, irreclaimable. 7. Invisible, imperceptible. 8. Ruined, destroyed. Lost to. Insensible to, unconscious of. Lot, n. I. Destiny, doom, allotment, apportion- ment, fate. 2. Chance, hazard, fortune, hap, haphazard, accident, fate. 3. Portion, parcel, division, part. 4. Piece of land. 5. {Collog.) Great quantity, great number. Lot, V. a. Allot, assign, distribute, sort, portion, catalogue. Loth, a. Unwilling, disliking, disinclined, re- luctant. Lothario, «. Libertine, seducer, deceiver. Lotion, «. Wash. Loud, a. I. Resounding, high-sounding, noisy. 2. Deafening, stunning, stentorian. 3. Clamorous, vociferous, boisterous, noisy, obstreperous, tumultuous, turbulent. 4. Vehement, emphatic, positive, emphatical, impressive. 5. Flashy, showy (collog.). Loud, ad. Loudly. Loudly, ad. I. Loud, noisily. 2. Clamorously, vehemently. 3. Ostentatiously, showily {collog.). Loudness, ». I. Clamor, clamorousness, turbu- lence, uproar. 2. Ostentation, flashiness, showiness {collog.). Lounge, v. n. l. Recline, loll. 2. Loll, dawdle, live lazily, loaf. Lounger, n. Idler, loiterer, trifler. Lout, n. Bumpkin, clown, boor, lubber, clumsy fellow, awkward fellow, booby, clodhopper. Loutish, a. Clownish, rude, boorish, awkward, lubberly. Lovable, a. Amiable, sweet, winning. Love, V. a. I. Have affection for, regard with affection, delight in, be fond of 2. Have a passionate affection for, be in love with, be enamoured of. 3. Like, be pleased with. Love, V. n. Delight, take pleasure. Love, «. I. Affection, affectionate regard, friend- ship, kindness, tenderness, fondness, delight. 2. Attachment, passionate affection, the tender passion. 3. Liking, fondness, inclination, devotion, strong attachment. 4. Lover, sweetheart. 5. Cupid, god of love, Eros. 6. Venus, Aphrodite, goddess of love. 7. Good-will, benevolence, charity. Love-apple, «. Tomato {Ly coper sicum esculeti' turn or Solanutn lycopersicum). Love-child, ». Bastard, illegitimate child, natu- ral child. Love-feasts, «. //. Agapae. Love-letter, n. Billet-doux. Loveliness, ». I. Amiableness. 2. Beauty, beautifulness. Lovely, a. I. Beautiful, pleasing, delightfiil, charming, enchanting, winning, sweet, delectable. 2. Amiable, admirable. Loving, a. Affectionate, fond, kind. Loving-cup, n. Grace-cup. Loving-kindness, «. Mercy, favor, tenderness, tender regard. Low, a. I. Depressed. 2. Grave, gentle, subdued, soft. 3. Cheap, reasonable. 4. Humble, mean, plebeian, vulgar. 5. Abject, degraded, servile, slavish, menial, mean, base, ignoble, grovelling, vile, base- minded, low-minded, shabby, scurvy, dirty. 6. Dishonorable, disreputable, derogatory, un- handsome, unbecoming, disgraceful, unmanly, ungentlemanly, undignified. 7. Moderate. 8. Weak, exhausted, reduced, feeble. 9. Plain, simple, frugal, spare, poor. 10. Deep. 11. Submissive, humble, reverent, lowly. 12. Dejected, depressed, dispirited, cast down. Low, ad. I. Whh little elevation. 2. Near the ground. 3. To a reduced state, in a low condition. 4. Softly, in a low tone. 5. Cheaply, at a moderate price. Low, V. n. Bellow, moo. Low, n. Moo, lowing. Low-hom, a. Of mean birth, of low extraction Low-hred, a. Vulgar, unrefined, coarse. Lower, v. a. I. Depress, drop, sink, let down, bring down, take down. 2. Degrade, debase, disgrace, humble, humili- ate, reduce. 3. Lessen, diminish, reduce, decrease. Lower, v. «. Fall, sink, diminish, decrease, grow less, subside. Lower, v. n. I. Grow dark, be clouded, appear gloomy, appear stormy. 2. Frown, glower, look sullen, look black. Lowering, a. Cloudy, clouded, overcast, lurid, murky, threatening, lowery, dark. Lowermost, a. Lowest. Loweiy, a. See Lowering. LOWING 259 LUPINE towlngf, «• Low, moo, bellowing, cry of cattle. Lowliness, n. I. Humility, humbleness, meek- ness, self-abasement, submissiveness. 2. Lowness, meanness, abjectness. Lowly, a. I. Low. 2. Humble. 3. Mean, low. 4. Modest, unpretending, meek, humble, mild. Low-minded, n. Base-minded, base, mean, ser- vile, vile, grovelling, slavish, abject, low. Low-priced, a. Low, cheap. Low-spirited, a. Dispirited, dejected, depressed, disheartened, discouraged, down-hearted, de- sponding, cast down. Low spirits. Dejection, dejectedness, depression, despondency, hypochondria, melancholy, hypo- chondriasis. Loyal, a. Faithful, true, devoted, constant. Loyalty, n. Allegiance, fealty, fidelity, faithful- ness, constancy- Lozenge, «. I. Rhomb, rhombus, oblique-angled parallelogram {with equal sides), diamond. 2. Troche. Lubber, n. Clown, boor, lout, clumsy fellow, awkward fellow. Lubberly, a. Clumsy, awkward, clownish, bung- ling. Lnbnc, \a. I. Slippery, smooth. Lubrical, i 2, Wavering, unsteady, uncertain. 3. Lascivious, wanton, lewd, libidinous, licen- tious, lecherous, unchaste, impure, incontinent, salacious, lustful. Lubricate, v. a. Smooth, make slippery. Lubricity, «. I. Smoothness, slipperiness. 2. Instability, uncertainty, unsteadiness, slip- periness. 3. Lasciviousness, lewdness, lechery, incon- tinency, licentiousness. Lubricous, a. I, Smoothy, slippery, lubric. 2. Wavering, unstable, uncertain, lubric. 3. Lascivious, lewd, wanton, licentious, impure, salacious, unchaste, incontinent, lecher- ous. Luce, n. Pike, pickerel, true-jack {Esox luctus). Lucent, elieve. Pretend, feign, appear, seem, act as il^ make as if. Make-believe, «. Sham, feint, pretence, pretext; counterfeit. Make-believe, a. Unreal, sham, pretended, coun- terfeited, mock, clap-trap. Make bold. Presume, venture, dare, take the liberty, have the presumption. Make choice of. Choose, select, pick out. Make for. I. Move toward, go toward, strike for. 2. Favor, tend to the advantage of. Make free with. Treat without ceremony, treat as one's own, use without leave, treat with freedom. Make good. I. Defend, maintain, vindicate, justify, stand by. 2. Fulfil, accomplish. 3. Establish, verify, confirm, prove, sub- stantiate. 4. Compensate for, make compensation for, supply by an equivalent, make up for. Make haste. Be quick. Make head against. Stem, resist successfully. Make known. Publish, declare, bring to light, proclaim. Make light of. Consider as of no consequence, treat with contempt. Make love to. Court, woo, make suit to. Make mention of. Speak of, take notice of, allude to, refer to. Make merry. Feast, be jovial, be joyful. Make much of. Cherish, foster, fondle, pet, cod- dle, treat with fondness. Make no bones. Have no scruple, make no scruple. Make no difference. Be as well, be a matter of indifference, make no matter. Make no doubt. Be confident, have no doubt. Make no matter. Make no difiierence, be a mat- ter of indifference, be as well. Make nothing for. Be of no value to, be of no use to, have no effect in aiding or supporting. Make oath. Swear, take an oath. Make of. I. Understand, interpret. 2. Effect or produce from. 3. Consider, account, esteem. Make off with. I. Take away, carry off. 2. Steal, pilfer, filch, purloin, cabbage. Make one's mouth water. Excite or whet the appetite. Make one's toilet. Arrange one's dress, attend to one's dress. Make out. {Active.) I. Discover, ascertain, learn, determine, interpret, decipher, get a clear understanding of. 2. Prove, establish, evince. 3. Prepare, draw up. 4. Provide, furnish, supply, find. Make out. {Neuter.) Succeed, be able at last, make a shift. Make over. Transfer, convey, alienate. Makepeace, «. Peacemaker, reconciler. Maker, «. I. Creator, God. 2. Manufacturer, former, builder, constructor. 3. Author, writer, composer. 4. {Law. ) Signer of a promissory note. Make sail. {Naut.) Set the sails, hoist the sails, spread the sails. Makeshift, «. Substitute, temporary expedient. Make sport of. Mock, ridicule, deride, scout, scoff at. jeer at, laugh at. Make suit to. I. Court the favor of, endeavor to gain the favor of. 2. Court, woo, make love to. Make sure of. I. Secure, make certain. 2. Consider as certain. Make the best of. Put the best face on, tuni to the best account. MAKE TRACKS 263 MANAGE Make tracks. Go, start, set out, be off, depart Makeup. {Active.) I. Collect, get together. 2. Constitute, form, compose. 3. Reconcile, settle, adjust, compose. 4. Compensate, make good, make up for. 5. Supply, furnish, provide. 6. Determine, bring to a conclusion. 7. Shape. 8. Settle, adjust. 9. Dress. Blake up. {Neuter.) Settle a difference, become reconciled. Make up for. Compensate, make good, make up. Make up to. I. {Colloq.) Accost, address, speak to, approach. 2. Court, pay attention. Make up wiul. Settle differences, become friends. Make water. I. Urinate, void urine. 2. {Maut.) Leak. Blake way. I. Advance, proceed. 2. Clear a way, open a passage. Bfaking, n. I. Workmanship, construction, fabri- cation, formation. 2. Composition, structure, form, make. 3. Material. Blaladministratioilt n. Misrule, misgovemment, malversation. Blaladroit, a. Awkward, clumsy, unskilful, un- skilled, bungling, unhandy, inapt, inexpert. Blalady, «. Disease, distemper, disorder, com- plaint, ail, ailment, sickness, illness, indisposi- tion. Blalapert, a. Saucy, impudent, rude, forward, flippant, bold, impertinent, impudent, insolent, cavalier, quick. Blalapertness, ». Insolence, sauciness, impu- dence, rudeness, forwardness. Malapropos, o^, [Fr.] Unseasonably, unsuitably. Malaria, n. Miasma, miasm, noxious exhalation, bad air. BlalariOttS, a. Insalubrious, miasmatic, unhealthy, unwholesome, malarial. Blalcontent, a. Discontented, dissatisfied, un- satisfied, uneasy, insurgent. Blale* a. I. Masculine. 2. Staminate. Male, «. Male animal. Malediction, n. Curse, cursing, denunciation, execration, imprecation, anathema, ban. Blalef actor, n. Culprit, felon, convict, criminal, outlaw, evil-doer. Blalefeasance, «. {Law.) Wrong-doing, ill con- duct, illegal deed. Blaleucent, a. Harmful, mischievous, injurious, evil-doing. Blalevolencef n. Malice, maliciousness, spite, spitefulness, malignity, rancor, venom, hate, grudge, ill-will, hatred. Blaleyolent, a. Malicious, malignant, spiteful, ill- disposed, ill-natured, hostile, envious, mischiev- ous, evil-minded, resentful, rancorous. Blalformation, n. Deformity. Blalice, n. Malevolence, maliciousness, malig- nity, rancor, venom, hate, spite, ill-will, enmity, bitterness, grudge, pique. Blaliclous, a. Malevolent, malignant, spiteful, ill- disposed, ill-natured, evil-minded, mischievous, resentful, bitter, rancorous, envious, invidious. BlaliciOUSIiess, n. Malevolence, malice, malig- nity, ill-will, enmity. Blaligia, a. I. Malicious, malevolent, malignant, ill-disposed. 2. Injurious, pernicious, unfavorable, baneful, very bad, unpropitious. Mallsn, V. a. Revile, slander, abuse, calumniate, asperse, defame, blacken, traduce, scandalize, disparage, vilify. Blalignance, ) n. I. Malice, malignity, bitter Blaliguancy, ) enmity, extreme malevolence. 2. Uniavorableness, unpropitiousness. 3. Virulence, deadliness, malignity. Malignant, a. I. Malign, maliaous, malevolent, bitter, rancorous, spiteful, resentful, envious, virulently inimical. 2. Unpropitious, unfavorable, ill-boding. 3. Extremely heinous, virulent, pernicious. 4. {Med.) Dangerous, fatal, virulent. Blaligner, «. Vilifier, slanderer, traducer, calum- niator, backbiter, libeller, defamer. Blalignity, n. I. Malice, malevolence, malicious- ness, malignancy, hatred, animosity, ill-will, rancor, spite. 2. Virulence, fatality, malignancy, deadliness, destructiveness. 3. Heinousness, enormity, evilness. Malinger, v. n. {Mil.) Feign illness, sham sickness, play the hypocrite, sham Abraham- Malison, n. Curse, malediction, execration. Blall, n. [Written also Maul.] Beetle, heavy mallet. Blall, V. a. [Written also Maul.] Beat, bruise. Blall, n. I. Public walk, shaded walk. 2. Court, pleading-house. Blallard, »■ I. Drake. 2. Common wild duck {A nas boscftas). Blallet, «• Wooden hammer. Blalpractice, «. [Written also Malepractice.] Misconduct, misbehavior, misdoing, dereliction, malversation. Maltreat, v. a. [Written also MaUtreat,] Abuse, ill-treat, ill-use, injure. Maltreatment, ». Abuse, ill treatment, bad treat- ment, ill usage. Blalversation, n. Misconduct {in office), fraudu- lent conduct {as embezzlement, etc.). j^j^jjy^J«. [ChildUh term.] Mother. Mamma, ». [L. //. Mamma.] Breast, teat, dug, udder. Mammal, «. Mammifer, one of the mammalia. Mammalia, «. ^l. [L.J Mammals, mammifers, viviparous animals that suckle their young. Mammifer, n. Mammal, one of the mammalia. Blammon, ». I. Syrian god of riches. 2. Riches, wealth. Mammonist, n. Worldling, mammonite. Blammoth, n. Extinct elephant {Elepkas ^itni- genus). Mammoth, a. Gigantic, very large. Blan, n. I. Person, individual, body, somebody, one, personage, soul, living soul, some one, human being. 2. Mankind, the human race. 3. Male person. 4. Adult male. 5. Vassal, liege, subject, servant, attendant, dependant. 6. Husband, married man. 7. Workman, employee. 8. Piece {as chess, draughts, etc.), Blan, V. a. I. Furnish with men, supply with hands. 2. Strengthen, fortify, re-enforce. Blanade, «. Shackle {/or the hands), handcuff, hand-fetter. Manacle, v. a. I. Handcuff, shackle. 2. Shackle, fetter, tie, restrain, confine, bind. Blanage, n. Horsemanship, manage, equestrian art. Blanage, v. a. I. Conduct, direct, regulate, superintend, supervise, administer, carry on, guide, treat, handle, order, transact. 2. Rule {ivith address or artifice), control, govern, guide. M.VNAGE 264 MAN OF STRAW 3. Wield, handle, have under command, ma- nipulate, control. 4. Husband, treat sparingly, economize, save, contrive. 5. Train. KanSige, v. «. Manoeuvre, concert measures, con- trive ways, direct affairs, pull the wires or strings, administer. ManageaUe, a. I. Tractable, governable, docile, controllable, tamable. 2. Controllable. lyianagement, «. I. Conduct, control, direction, charge, administration, government, guidance, disposal, economy, treatment, superintendence, care, surveillance. 2. Contrivance, prudent conduct, cunning practice, skill, address, skilful treatment. 3. Negotiation, transactions, dealing. ManAger, ». I. Director, superintendent, overseer, supervisor, comptroller, governor, conductor. 2. Economist, good economist. Managery, «. I. Conduct, direction, administra- tion, management. 2. Husbandry, frugality, economy. 3. Manner of using. 4. Moral conduct. Managing, a. I. Intriguing. 2. Economical, frugal, thrifty, prudent, provi- dent. Manatee, n. Lamantine, sea-cow, manatin. Manciple, «. Steward {of a college), purveyor, undertaker. Mandate, n. Command, order, injunction, pre- cept, charge, requirement, commission, edict. Mandatory, a. Preceptive, directory. Mandi1)le, «. I. Under jaw {fif animals). 2. {Ornith.) Beak, bill. 3. Upper jaw (^iVw^c^j). MandioC, I «• [Written also Manioc^ Manihoc, and Mandisc, ) Manihot.'] Cassava. Mandle-Stone, «. Amygdaloid, almond-stone, kernel-stone. MandraJke, n. Mandragora. Mandncate, v. a. Chew, masticate, eat. Mandncation, «. Chewing, mastication, eating. Man-eater, «. Cannibal. Man-eaters, «. //. Anthropophagi, cannibals. Manege, «. [Fr.] I. Horsemanship, equestrian art. 2. Riding-school. Manes, n. pi. I. Lares, benevolent infernal deities. 2. Ghosts, shades, souls of the departed, spir- its, spectres, lemures. Blanfnl, a. Courageous, bold, brave, stout, strong, vigorous, daring, heroic, intrepid, un- daunted, manly, honorable, noble. Mangel-wurzel, n. [Written also Mangold- wurzel.'i Field-beet, scarcity-root {Beta alt is- sima). Mangily, ad. Meanly, basely, scurvily, foully, vilely. Manginess, ». Scabbiness, scurviness. Mangle, v. a. I. Lacerate, hack, tear (/« cut- ting), mutilate. 2. Mutilate, mar, destroy, spoil, maim. 3. Polish, smooth, calender, press with a mangle. MangOld-wnrzel, «. See Mangel-wurzel. Mangy, a. Scabby, infected with mange. Manhaden, «. [Written also Menhaden.^] Hard- head, mossbunker, pauhaugen, bony-fish, mars- banker. Man-bater, «. Misanthrope. Manhood, «. I. Virility. 2. Courage, bravery, hardihood, firmness, resolution, fortitude, manliness, manfulness. 3. Humanity, human nature. 4. Man's estate, maturity. Mania, «. I. Madness, insanity, violent derange- ment, lunacy, aberration, delirium, frenzy, de- mentia. 2. Vehement desire. Mania a potU. [L.] Delirium tremens. Maniac, n. Madiman, lunatic, bedlamite, insane person, crack. IVIaniac, )a. Mad, insane, raving, deranged. Maniacal, ) demented. Manicheism, «. Dualism, doctrine of two su- preme priuciples (good and evil). Manifest, a. Apparent, open, obvious, plain, evident, patent, clear, palpable, visible, unmis- takable, glaring, conspicuous, distinct, indubi- table. Manifest, v. a. Show, exhibit, reveal, declare, display, disclose, prove, evince, evidence, dis- cover, express, set forth, bring to light, expose to view, hold up to view, make known. Manifestation, n. Exhibition, revelation, display, expression, discovery, publication, show. Manifesto, n. Declaration {of a sovereign or a. government), manifest, public protestation. Manifold, a. I. Numerous, multiplied, multi- tudinous, various, many. 2. Various, diverse, multifarious. Manioc, «. Cassava. See Mandioc. Maniple, n. I. Handful. 2. Small band, company (of Roman soldiers). 3. Fanon, stole, kind of scarf. Manipulate, v. a. and v. «. Work or operate with the hands, handle. Manis, «. Pangolin, scaly ant-eater, scaly lizard. Man-killer, «. Murderer, man-slayer, homicide. Mankind, «. I. Man, the human race, human- kind. 2. Men, the lords of creation. Manliness, «. Bravery, courage, intrepidity, hero- ism, firmness, resolution, nobleness, dignity, boldness. Manly, a. Brave, courageous, intrepid, stout, bold, firm, undaunted, vigorous, strong, daring, heroic, noble, manful, dignified. Man-midwife, «. Obstetrician, accoucheur. Manner, n. I. Method, mode, fashion, form, way, style. 2. Custom, habit, practice. 3. Degree, measure, extent. 4. Ising. and pi.] Sort, kind, sorts, kinds. 5. Behavior, carriage, deportment, air, mien, look, aspect, appearance, demeanor. 6. Mannerism, characteristic style, distinc- tive peculiarity. 7. Conduct, morals, habits, behavior. 8. Civility, ceremonious behavior, respectful deportment. Mannerism, n. Sameness of manner, uniformity, .self-repetition. Mannerly, a. Courteous, civil, polite, urbane, complaisant, refined, well-bred, respectful, cere- monious, well-behaved. Manners, «. //. I. Morals, habits, conduct. 2. Behavior, deportment, bearing, breeding, air, carriage. Mannish, a. Bold, masculine. Manoeuvre, «• I. Evolution, movement. 2. Scheme, plan, plot, stratagem, artifice, trick, finesse, artful management, adroit pro- cedure, intrigue, ruse. Manoeuvre, v. n. I. Perform evolutions. 2. Contrive, plan, plot, manage, pull the wires or strings, scheme, intrigue, finesse. Manoenvrer, «. Tactician, adroit manager, strat- egist. Man of straw. Puppet, tool, instrument. MAN-OF-WAR 265 MARRIED Man-of-war, «. Ship of war, armed ship. Manor, n. Lordship, feudal estate of a nobleman. Slanor-honse, n. Hall, manor-seat, mansion, mansion-house. Mansard-roof f «• Curb-roof, gambrel-roof. Manse, n. [.Scotch.l Parsonage, parsonage- house. Mansion, n. I. Dwelling, seat, residence, habita- tion, dwelling-house, mansion-house, abode. 2. Manor-house, manor-seat, hall, mansion- house. Mansion-hottse, «. Manor-house. Manslaughter, «. I. Murder, homicide. 2. Homicide {without malice). Man-slayer, «. Murderer, homicide, man-killer. Mantel, «. [Written also Mantle., Mantle-puce, MantU-shelf.\ Mantel-piece, mantel-shelf. Mantilla, n. I. Hood, head-covering, kind of veil. 2. Small mantle, light cloak. Mantle, n. I. Cloak. 2. Cover, covering. 3. Mantel-piece, mantel-shelf. 4. Pallium. Mantle, v. a. Cloak, overspread, cover, disguise, obscure. Mantle, v. n. I. Expand, spread, be ex- panded. 2. Effervesce, bubble, foam, sparkle, froth, cream. Mantua-maker, n. Dressmaker. Manual, a. Of the hand, by the hand. Manual, ». Hand-book. Manufactory, ». Factory, Manufacture, n. I. Production, fabrication, making. 2. Manufactured product. Manufacture, v. a. Make by art. Manumission, «. Emancipation, enfranchise- ment, liberation, deliverance, release, act of free- ing a slave from bondage. Manumit, v. a. Free, liberate, release, emanci- pate, enfranchise, set free. Manure, v. a. Fertilize, enrich. Manure, «. Fertilizer, compost, muck, guano, dressing, fertilizing mixture. Manuscript, a. Written. Manuscript, «. Copy, written document, writ- ing- Blany, a. Numerous, manifold, various, multi- plied, divers, freauent, sundry. Many, n. I. Multitude, people, many persons, many people, crowd, numerous company. 2. Great number. Many-sided, a. I. Of many sides. 2. Liberal, catholic. Many times. Often, frequently, repeatedly, often-times. Many-ways, I ad. Multifariously, variously, in Many-wise, ) many different ways, diversely. Map, «. Chart. Map, V. a. Delineate, draw, picture. Blar, V. a. I. Injure, spoil, ruin, hurt, damage, harm, impair. 2. Deface, deform, disfigure, spoil, maim. Marah, n. Bitter water, bitterness. Marasmus, «. Atrophy, phthisis, consumption, tabes, emaciation, decline, gradual wasting. Maraud, v. « Rove for plunder. Maraud, «. Marauding, ravage, plunder, spolia- tion. Marauder, «. Plunderer, ravager, pillager, robber, freebooter, brigand, outlaw, bandit, rover, fili- buster. Blarcescent, a. Withering, foding, decaying. March, v.n. I. Walk {fiy regular steps, as sol- diers), move forward. 2. Walk in a steady manner, step, go. March, n. I. Military movement, passage of soldiers. 2. Stately walk, deliberate walk. 3. Progression, advance, advancement, pro- gress, progressive development, movement. 4. Military tune. Marches, «• pi. Borders, limits, frontiers, con- fines, precincts, boundaries. Mardd, a. Withered, feeble, drooping, wasted, lean, pining, gaunt. Marcidity, n. Leanness, meagreness, thinness, emaciation. Mare, «. Female horse. Mareschal, «. See Marshal. Mare's-nest, «. Absurd discovery, ridiculous discovery, discovery that is no discovery, self- delusion. Mare's-tail, «. Cirrus, cat's-tail. Margarlte, «. Pearl. Margin, «. Border, edge, rim, brim, verge, brink, confine, limit, skirt. Marine, a. I. Oceanic, pelagic, pelagian, salt- water, sea. 2. Maritime, naval, nautical. Marine, «• I. Navy, shipping. 2. Soldier (,of a ship of war), sea-soldier. 3. (Painting.) Sea-piece, sea-scape. Mariner, n. Seaman, sailor, seafarer, seafaring man, tar {colloq>). Mariput, «. Zoril ( Viverra zorilla). Marischal, n. See Marshal. IVIarital, a. Of a husband, incident to a husband. Maritime, a. I. Marine, naval, nautical. 2. Near the sea, bordering on the sea. Mark, «. I. Sign, token, symbol, trace, line, im- press, impression, stamp, print, characteristic. 2. Indication, evidence, proof, symptom, token, characteristic, trace, vestige, track. 3. Badge, sign. 4. Trace, track, vestige, footprint. 5. Object {aimed at). 6. Eminence, consequence, distinction, in»- portance, pre-eminence, eminent position. 7. Cross {made as a signature). Mark, V. a. I. Distinguish by a mark, put a mark upon, label. 2. Stamp, brand, designate, characterize, de- note, single out, point out, indicate, betoken, im- print, impress. 3. Notice, note, observe, remark, take notice of, regard, heed, evince. Mark, v. n. Observe, note, remark, take notice. Marked, a. Notable, remarkable, noted, promi- nent, conspicuous, eminent, distinguished. Market, n. I. Mart, emporium, place of traffic, entrepbt. 2. Market-house, market-place. 3. Sale, opportunity to sell. 4. Price, cost, worth, valuation, rate, charge. Market, v. a. Vend, sell, traffic in, offer for sale, dispose of. Marketable, a. I. Salable, vendible, merchant- able. 2. Current in market, current. Market-place, «. Market-house, bazaar. StoLtr'S?'!"- current value. Maroon, «. Chestnut color. Maroon, a. Of a chestnut color. Marriage, n. I. Nuptials, wedding, espousals, spousals, nuptial rites. 2. Matrimony, wedlock. 3. Union. Married, a. Conjugal, connubial, matrimonial. MARROW 266 MATCH Marrow, «. I. Medulla, pith. 2. Essence, quintessence, best part, essential part. Marrow-bones, «.//. (C^//<7^.) Knees. MarruMum, n. Hoarhound. Marry, «'• a- I. Join in marriage, unite in mar- riage. 2. Wed, espouse, take for husband or wife, lead to the altar, bestow one's hand upon, 3. Give in marriage, dispose of in wedlock. 4. Unite, join, make one. Marrv, inter j. Indeed, forsooth, in truth. Marsn, «. Fen, bog, quagmire, morass, swamp, slough. MarsMl, ». I. Chief officer of arms. 2. Conductor, director, regulator, master of ceremonies. 3. Harbinger, pursuivant, herald. 4. [/» France.^ Commander-in-chief. Marshal, v. a. I. Arrange, range, rank, dispose, array, draw up, set in order. 2. Lead, guide, prepare the way, herald. Marsh-gas, «. Firedamp. Marsh-marigold, «. Cowslip, water caltrops {Caltha palustris). Marsh-samphire, «. Glass-wort, salt-wort {Salt- cornia herbacea). Marshy, a. Boggy, fenny, swampy, wet. Mart, n. Market, emporium, entrepot, place of traffic. Martial, a. I. Suited to war. 2. Warlike, brave, given to war. 3. Military. Martinet, «. Precisian, formalist, strict or severe disciplinarian. Martinmas, «. Feast of St. Martin, Nov. ii, martilmas, martlemas. MartjO", V. a. I. Sacrifice on account of faith. 2. Murder, destroy. 3. Persecute, afflict, torment, torture, agonize, destroy. Marvel, «. I. Wonder, prodigy, miracle. 2. Wonder, admiration, astonishment, amaze- ment, surprise. Marvel, v. n. Wonder, be surprised, be aston- ished. Marvellous, a. I. Wondrous, wonderful, amaz- ing, stupendous, astonishing, miraculous, very extraordinary, most strange, prodigious. 2. Incredible, improbable, surpassing credit, surprising. Marvellously, ad. Exceedingly, wonderfully, strangely. Masculine, a. I. Male, of the male sex. 2. Manly, virile, manlike, bold, hardy, manful. 3. Strong, robust, powerful. 4. Coarse, bold, forward, mannish. _ Mash, V. a. Bruise, crush, beat, mix, knead, compound. Mask, «. I. Cover {for the face), visor. 2. Cloak, screen, blind, disguise, veil. 3. Subterfuge, evasion, trick, shift, pretence, pretext, plea, r7ise. 4. Masquerade. 5. Revel, piece of mummery, bustle. Mask, V. a. I. Put a mask on. 2. Disguise, conceal, hide, cloak, veil, screen, shroud, cover. Masker, «. Mummer, person in disguise, mas- querader. Mason, n. I. Builder in stone or brick. 2. Free-mason. Masquerade, «. I. Mask, revel, piece of mum- mery. 2. Disguise, mask, veil, cover. SS, n. I. Lump. 2. Heap, assemblage, combination, congeries. 3. Collective body of fluid matter. 4. Majority. 5. Size, magnitude, bulk, dimension. 6. Whole, aggregate, totality, body. Mass, n. Communion service (j« the Roman Catholic Church), celebration of the Lord's Supper. Massacre, v. a. Butcher {human beings), murder, kill, slay, slaughter. Massacre, «. Butchery, slaughter, carnage. Mass-book, «. Missal, Roman Catholic service- book. Massive, ) a. Bulky, heavy, weighty, ponderous, Massy, ) huge, immense. Mast, «. Nuts, pannage, pawns, pawnage. Master,^. I. Ruler, director, governor, manager, superintendent, overseer, lord. 2. Commander, captain. 3. Teacher, instructor, tutor, preceptor, school- master, pedagogue. 4. Owner, proprietor, holder, possessor. 5. Proficient, adept, master-hand. 6. Employer. 7. Chief, principal, head, leader. Master, v. a. I. Overpower, overcome, conquer, subdue, subjugate, vanquish. 2. Acquire, learn thoroughly, make one's self master of, become an adept in. Master, a. Main, chief, leading, principal, car- dinal, prime, especial, great, grand, most im- portant. Master-hand, n. Adept, proficient, dab, expert, good hand, capital hand, nice hand. Masterly, a. I. Skilful, clever, dexterous, expert, adroit, excellent, finished. 2. Imperious, domineering, arbitrary, des- potical. Master-mind, n. Master-spirit. Master-piece, «. I. Paragon, master-stroke, master-work, capital performance, principal per- formance, chef-d'oeuvre, 2. Chief excellence, forte, chief talent, strong side. Mastership,**. I. Headship. 2. Dominion, rule, sway, mastery, supreme power. 3. Superiority, supremacy, pre-eminence, mastery. 4. Skill, cleverness, ability, talent. Master-spirit, «. Master-mind. Master-stroke, «. See Master-pieck. Master-work, «. See Master-piece. Mastery, «. I. Dominion, rule, sway, command, mastership, supreme power, supremacy. 2. Superiority, pre-eminence, ascendency, su- premacy, victory, conquest, leadership, headship, upper hand. 3. Victory in war. 4. Acquirement, attainment, acquisition. 5. Skill, dexterity, great proficiency, clever- ness, ability. Masticate, v. a. Chew, eat, manducate. Mastication, «. Chewing, manducation. Masturbation, «. Onanism, self-pollution, secret vice, self-abuse, mastupration. Mat, V. a. Interweave, entangle, twist together. Match, n. I. Equal, mate, companion, tally. 2. Competition, trial, contest. 3. Union, marriage. Match, V. a. I. Rival, equal. 2. Adapt, suit, fit, proportion, make equal, make harmonize. _ 3. Marry, give in marriage, mate. 4. Join, combine, couple, sort. 5. Pit, oppose. Match, V. n. I. Be married, mate. 2. Suit, correspond, tally, be proportionate. MATCHABLE 267 MEAGRE Matcliablet a. I. Equal, suitable, comparable* 2. Correspondent, of like kind. Matchless, a. Unrivalled, unparalleled, un- equalled, peerless, incomparable, exquisite, in- imitable, excellent, unmatched, consummate. Mate, n. I. Associate, companion, fellow, com- peer, intimate. 2. Equal, match, suitable companion. 3. Assistant, subordinate. 4. Checkmate (cA«f>. Mate, V. a. I. Match, marry. 2. Equal, vie with, cope with, compete with. 3. Stupefy, confound, crush, appall, subdue, enervate. Mate, «. Paraguay tea, Brazilian holly {He jc para- guensis). Material, a. I. Physical, corporeal, bodily. 2. Essential, important, momentous, vital, weighty. Material, n. Matter, substance, stuff. Materially, ad. I. SubstantiaUy, in substance, not in form merely. 2. ImporUntly, essentially, vitally. Maternal, a. Motherly. Maternity, n. Motherhood. Mathematical, on, get, gain, receive. 4. Fulfil, comply with, satisfy, gratify, answer. Meet, V. H. I. Come together, come face to face, join each other. 2. Encounter one another, join battle. 3. Unite, join, converge. 4. Assemble, congregate, muster, collect, come together, meet together. Meetinsf, n. I. Interview, encounter. 2. Assembly, assemblage, congregation, con- course, gathering, company, collection of people, convention, conference, auditory. 3. Conflux, joining, confluence, junction, union. 4. Duel, hostile encounter. Meeting-iiouse, «. Church, temple, house of worship, house of God. Meet with. I. Find, meet, light on, fall upon, fall in with, happen upon, come to. 2. Suffer, be subjected to, be exposed to, encounter. 3. Join, unite in company. 4. Obviate. Melancholic, a. I. Dejected, depressed, hypo- chondriac, dispirited, melancholy. 2. Sombre, gloomy, unhappy, mournful, dismal. Melancholy, «. Dejection, depression, gloomi- ness, sadness, gloom, despondency, hypochon- dria, blues, blue devils, dumps, vapors, low spirits, depression of spirits. Melancholy, a. I. Dejected, dispirited, de- pressed, sad, sorrowful, unhappy, disconsolate, doleful, dismal, lugubrious, moody, gloomy, hypochondriaCj dumpish, mopish, glum, down- cast, desponding, down-hearted, low-spirited, cast down, in the dumps, down in the mouth, out of sorts, lackadaisical, atrabilious, blue, hippish. 2. Calamitous, afflictive, unfortunate, unlucky. 3. Grave, gloomy, sombre, dark, quiet, sad. Melange, «. [Fr.l Mixture, medley, farrago, jumble, hodge-podge, hotch-potch, salmagundi, olio, mingle-mangle, pot-pourri, gallimaufry, mish-mash, oUa-podrida. Melee, «. [Fr ] Fight {of combatants confusedly mixed), affray, contest, fray, broil, brawl, scuffle, mellay, hand-to-hand conflict. Melibean, I a. [In rhet. attdpoetry.'\ Alternate, Meliboean, i alternating, alternately responsive. Melic, a. Lyric, tuneful, melodious. Meliorate, v. a. Improve, better, mend, amend, emend, ameliorate, make better. Melioration, ». Improvement, amendment, emendation, amelioration, betterment. MeUey,'!'*' Conflict. See Mel6b. Mellifluence, n. Smoothness, softness, mellow- ness, sweetness, sweet flow. Mellifluent, I a. Smooth, soft, mellow, euphoni- Mellifluous, ) ous, euphonic, sweet, silver-toned, sweetly flowing, dulcet, silvery. Mellite, «. Honey-.stone. Mellow, a. I. Ripe, mature. 2. Soft, mellifluous, smooth, silver-toned, sweetly flowing, rich, dulcet, silvery. 3. Soft, rich, delicate. 4. Softened, matured, good-humored, genial, jovial. 5. Soft, loamy, unctuous, rich, mellowy. 6. Perfected, well prepared. 7. Tipsy, fuddled, disguised, intoxicated, half seas over Mellow, V. a. I. Ripen, mature. 2. Soften, tone down, smooth down, mature, improve. 3. Soften, pulverize. 4. Perfect, bring to perfection. Melodious, a. Musical, tuneful, sweet, dulcet, ariose, harmonious. Melody, «. I. Pleasing succession of sounds (as distinguished from harmony or the concord of sounds), sweetness of sound, music. 2. Song, descant, tune. 3. Air, tune, theme. Melt, V. a. I. Liquefy (3y Juat), fuse, dissolve, thaw. 2. Soften, make gentle, make susceptible, mollify, subdue, relax. 3. Dissipate, waste away. Melt, V. n. I. Dissolve, become liquid. 2. Be softened, be made gentle, become tender. 3. Be dissolved, lose substance. 4. Blend, shade, pass. 5. Be weakened, oe broken, be subdued. Melting, a. I. Dissolving, softening. 2. Affecting. Melting, «. I. Fusion. 2. Inteneration. Member, «. I. Limb. 2. Part, portion, constituent, component, sub- ordinate part. 3. Head, clause, branch. Membership, «. I. Being a member. 2. Society, association, members, body of members, community. Memento, «. Memorial, remembrancer, souvenir. Memoir, «. I. Personal narrative, familiar biog- raphy. 2. Record, register, journal, written account. Memorable, a. Signal, notable, remarkable, ex- traordinary, illustrious, celebrated, distinguished, famous, great. MEMORANDUM 270 MERRIMENT Memorandtun, n. Note, minute. Memorial, n. I. Monument, commemorative record, memento. 2. Memorandum, record, remembrancer. Memorial, a. Commemorative. Memoria teclinica. [L.] Mnemonics, technical memory, artificial memory. Memoriter, ad. From memory, by heart. Memorize, v. a, I. Learn, learn by heart, commit to memory. 2. Cause to be remembered, hand down to memory by records, record. Memory^ «• I. Recollection, remembrance, reminiscence. 2. Remembrance. 3. Memorial, commemorative record, monu- mental record. 4. Fame, renown, reputation, celebrity. Menace, ». a. I. Threaten. 2. Threaten, intimidate, alarm. Menace, «. Threat, threatening. Menage, «. I. Household. 2. Housekeeping, household management. Mend, V. a. I. Repair, refit, retouch, patch up, touch up, restore. 2. Improve, ameliorate, meliorate, correct, rectify, reform, amend, emend, make better. 3. Help, advance, further, improve. 4. Increase, add to, augment, make greater. Mend, V. n. Improve, amend, become better. Mendacious, a. False, lying, deceitful. Mendacity, «. I. Disposition to lie, habit of lying, falsehood, habitual lying, duplicity, deceit, untruthfulness, deception. 2. Falsehood, lie, untruth. Mendicancy, «. Beggary, mendicity. Mendicant, «. Beggar. Mendicity, «• Beggary, mendicancy. Mendose, a. False, spurious, counterfeit. Menhaden, «. See Manhadhn. Menial, a. Servile, low, mean, base. Menial, «. Servant, domestic, waiter, attendant, lackey, underling, flunky, understrapper, valet, footman, slave, serf, bondsman. Meniver, «. [Written also Miniver. '\ Ermine, stoat. Menses, «. pi. Catamenia, monthly courses, men- strual discharges, menstrual flux. Menstrual, a. I. Monthly. 2. Catamenial. Menstruum, «. Solvent, medium. Mensurable, a. Measurable. Mensuration, n. I. Measuring, measurement. 2. Surveying, survey. Mental, a. Intellectual, ideal. Mention, «. Cursory reference or allusion. Mention, z>. a. Declare, name, tell, state, com- municate, impart, report, disclose, divulge, cite, speak of, make known, make mention of, allude to, refer to. Mentor, «. Counsellor, adviser, monitor, guide, instructor. MephitiC, I a. Fetid, foul, noisome, noxious, Mephitical, I poisonous, pestilential, baleful. MepMtic air. Carbonic acid, carbonic-acid gas, foul air, choke-damp. MljMtism,|«- ^^^^^ Noxious exhalation. Meracious, a. I. Pure, unadulterated, unmixed. 2. Strong, racy. Mercantile, a. Commercial, trading. Mercenariness, «. Venality. Mercenary, a. I. Hired, purchased, paid, hire- ling, venal. 2. Sordid, avaricious, covetous, penurious, parsimonious, stingy, miserly, niggardly, mean, selfish, close. 3. Selfisli, sordid. Mercenary, «. Hireling. Merchandise, «. Commodities, goods, wares. Merchant, «. Trader {^particularly a -wholesale trader), tradesman, dealer. Merchantable, a. Marketable, salable, vendible. Merc h a ntman , «. Trading vessel, merchant- ship. Merciful, a. I. Clement, lenient, pitiful, forgiv. ingj gracious, compassionate. 2. Kind, compassionate, tender, benignant, mild, gentle, pitiful, tender-hearted, humane. Merciless, a. Pitiless, cruel, unfeeling, unmerci- ful, uncompassionate, inexorable, unrelenting, relentless, fell, hard-hearted, severe, barbarous, savage, unsparing. Merciuial, a. I. Sprightly, active, spirited, quick, lively, prompt, nimble. 2. Light-hearted, gay, lively, cheerful. 3. Flighty, fickle, changeable, inconstant, volatile, mobile. 4. Money-making, commercial, trading, crafty. 5. Of mercury or quicksilver, hydrargyrum. 6. Directing, pointing out, giving intelligence, guiding. Mercury, «. I. Hermes. 2. Quicksilver. 3. Poison ivy {Rhus toxicodendron). 4. Messenger, intelligencer. 5. Newspaper vender, newsboy. 6. Newspaper. Mercy, «. I. Clemency, lenity, lenience, leni- ency, compassion, pity, tenderness, kindness, mildness, gentleness, benevolence. 2. Blessing, providential favor. 3. Pity, compassion, grace. 4. Discretion, disposal. 5. Pardon, forgiveness. Mercy-seat, n. I. Propitiatory. 2. Throne of God. Mere, a. I. Bare, simple, nothing else but. 2. Absolute, entire, unmixed, pure, sheer, bare. Mere, n. Pool, lake, pond. Merely, ad. I. Simply, purely, only, solely, barely. 2. Purely, absolutely, utterly, entirely. Merestead, n. Farm. Meretricious, a. I. Of harlots. 2. Libidinous, lustful. 3. Deceitful (fiy false show), spurious, false, sham, make-believe, tawdry, showy, gaudy. Merge, v. a. Immerse, immerge, submerge, sink, burj', lose, involve. Merge, v. «. Be lost, be swallowed up, be sunk. Meridian, n. I. Noon, noontide, mid-day, twelve o'clock. 2. Summit, culmination, zenith, apex, climax. Meridional, a. I. Southern. 2. Southerly. 3. Mid-day. Merit, «. I. Desert, worth, worthiness. 2. Excellence, credit, worth, goodness, worthi- ness. 3. Reward deserved, that which is earned. 4. [pi.] Claim, right. Merit, v. a. I. Deserve, have a right to, be enti- tled to, earn. 2. Deserve, incur. Merit, V. n. Profit, gain value, receive benefit, acquire desert. Meritorious, a. Deserving, worthy, good, excel- lent, commendable. Merling, «. Whiting; {Merlangvs vulgaris). Merriment, n. Mirth, jollity, gayety, hilarity, joviality, sportiveness, jocularity, liveliness, frolic, noisy sport, laughter. MERRY 271 MIGHTY Meny. a. I. Pleasant, agreeable, exhilarating, delightful, brisk, lively, stirring. 2. Mirthful, jovial, gleeful, gay, hilarious, sport- ive, jocund, joyous, facetious, lively, jolly, buxom, frolicsome, blithe, blithesome, airy, gladsome, vivacious, wanton, light-hearted, cheerful. 3. Mirthful, sportive, comical, droll, gleeful, funny, sprightly. 4. Sarcastic, satirical. Merry-andrew, «. Buffoon, rany, harlequin, scaramouch, fool, mountebank, jester, droll, jack- pudding, pickle-herring. Merry-maKlng:, n. Festival, convivial entertain- ment, merry bout. Merry-thouglit, «. Wish-bone. Mesll, «. Interstice {of a net). Mesh, V. a. Ensnare, entangle, snare. Meshy, a. Reticulated, netted. Mesmerism, n. Animal magnetism. Mess, n. I. Dish. 2. Set (who eat together), company. 3. Medley, mixture, miscellany, mass, farrago, hotch-potch, hodge-podge, jumble, salmagundi, mish-mash, olio, confused mass, milange. 4. Muddle, predicament, plight, confusion, perplexity, pickle {colloq.). Mess, V. n. Eat in company, take meals at the same table. Message, n. Communication, intimation, notice, word. • Messenger, n. ^ I._ Emissary, express, courier, mercury, carrier, intelligencer. 2. Harbinger, forerunner, herald, precursor. Messiah, tu The Anointed, Christ the Saviour. Messieurs, «. //. [Fr.] (Abbreviated Messrs.) Sirs, gentlemen. Metamorphic, a. Changeable, variable, mutable. MetamorphiC rocks. Stratified primary rocks. Metamorphose, v. a. Transform, transmute, trans- figure, change the form of. Metamorphosis, «. Transformation, transmuta- tion, transfiguration, change of form, raetaph- ysis. Metaphor, «. Similitude {without the signs of cotnpartsori), simile (expressed in a word). Metajphysical, a. Mental, intellectual, psycho- logical, abstract, general, ideal. Metaphysics, «. I. Ontology, science of being, science of existence. 2. Philosophy, first principles, science of first principles. 3. Psychology, pneumatology, mental philoso- phy, philosophy of^the mind, mental science. Metatarsus, n. Instep. Mete, V. a. Measure. Mete, ft. Measure, bound, limit, term, boundary, terminus, butt. Metempirlcal, a. (In metaph.) TranscendenUl, a priori. Metempsychosis, «. Transmigration. Meteor, «. Aerolite, shooting-star, falling star. Meteorolite, «. Aerolite, meteoric stone, me- teorite. Method, ». I. W^y (viewed theoretically), mode, manner, process, course, means, rule, modus operandi. 2. Arrangement, system, classification, orderly disposition. 3. Order, regularity, S3rstem, rule. Methodic, la. Orderly, systematical, regular, Methodical, J systematic, exact, formal. Methodize, v. a. Regulate, arrange, put in order, systematize. Methylic-alcohol, «. Wood-spirit, pyroxylic spirit, pyroxylic acid. Metre, «. Measure {of verse), rhythmical arrange- ment (of syllabies), poetical measure, rhythm, verse. Metrical, a. Measured. Metropolis, «. Chief city, capital. Metropolitan, n. Archbishop, primate. Mettle, n. I. Stuff, material, constitution, ele- ment. 2. Disposition, character, temper, spirit. 3. Spirit, nerve, vigor, ardor, pluck, hardi- hood, courage, fire, sprightliness, life. Mettlesome, «. Spirited, ardent, fiery, lively, gay, brisk, sprightly, courageous, high-spirited. Mew, n. Gull, sea-mew, cob, sea-cob. Mew, V. a. I. Confine, encase, coop, imprison, shut up, enclose. 2. Shed (feathers), moult, cast, change. Mewl, V. n. Cry, squall, bawL Mews, n. pi. Stables. Mezzo, a. (\xi music.) Middle, mean, medium. Mezzorilievo, «. Middle relief. Miasm, ) n. Malaria, noxious exhalation, bad Miasma, ) air, floating effluvia, infection. Michaelmas, n. Feast of St Michael, Septem- ber 29. Mlckle, a. \Scotch.) Much, great. Microcosm, n. I. Little world, little cosmos. 2. Epitome of the universe, man. 3. Little community, little society, the world in little, the world in miniature. Microscopic, \a. I. \_Applied to the eye.'\ Microscopical, I Able to see minute objects. 2. With a microscope, by the aid of a micro- scope. 3. Very small, very minute. Microzoa, n. pi. Infusoria, phytozoaria. Mid, a. Middle, intervening. Mid -day, a. Meridional, Mid-day, n. Noon, noontide, meridian, high noon. Middle, a. I. Mean, medial, halfway, between the extremes. 2. Intermediate, intervening. Middle, n. I. Midst, centre, central part. 2. Mean, .something intermediate. Middle-age, a. Mediaeval. Middleman, «. I. Agent, broker, factor, inter- mediary, go-between. 2. Commoner. Middle classes. Bourgeoisie. Middling, a. Ordinary, average, moderate, passa- ble, tolerable, mediocre, medium. Midland, a. I. inland. 2. Mediterranean. Midnight, n. The dead of night, twelve o'clock at night. Midriff, «. Diaphragm. Midst, n. Middle, thick, heart. Midsummer, n. Summer solstice. Midwife, «. Accoucheuse. Midwifery, «. Obstetrics. Midwinter, n. Winter solstice. Mien, «. Air, look, aspect, manner, port, carriage, demeanor, appearance, bearing, countenance, deportment. Mifi, n. (Colloq.) Pique, slight resentment. Miff, V. a. (Colloq.) Affront, displease, ofTend slightly. Might, «. Power, strength, puissance, force, main, potency, efficacy, ability, efiSciency. Mightily, ad. I. Vigorously, vehemently, earn- estly, powerfully, forcibly. 2. Greatly, very much (colloq.). Mightiness, ». I. Power, greatness. 2. Highness, excellency. Mighty, a. I, Strong, powerful, robust, vigorous, sturdy, puissant, courageous, valiant, valorous, bold, able. MIGHTY 272 MINISTER 2. Strong, powerful, potent, puissant. 3. Vast, enorraous, immense, huge, stupen- dous, monstrous, very great. 4. Violent, vehement, impetuous, tempestuous. 5. Forcible, efficacious, effective. 6. Important, momentous, very great. 7. Wonderful, powerful. 8. Excellent, high. liUgbty, ad. (Collog.) Very, in a great degree. Migratory, a. Nomadic, wandering, roving, un- settled. Mikado, «. Emperor of Japan. Milch, a. Milk-giving (^applied only to beasts). Mild, a. I. Tender, kind, gentle, merciful, clem- ent, compassionate, indulgent, pacific. 2. Soft, gentle, bland, pleasant, suave. 3. Placid, calm, tranquil, soft, gentle, pleasant, kind. 4. Soft, gentle, pleasant. 5. Lenitive, assuasive, mollifying, soothing, emollient, demulcent. Mildew, n. Blight, blast, mould, must, mustiness, smut, rust. Milesian, ». Irishman, Paddy, Hibernian, son of Erin. Militancy, n. Warfare, militarism. Militant, a. Fighting, contending, combating, Blilitaiy, a. I. Martial. 2. Soldierly, soldier-like. 3. Warlike. MllltaX7, n. Soldiery, army, body of soldiers, soldiers, militia. Militate against. War against, contend against, operate against, be opposed to, be repugnant to, be hostile to. BUUtia, «. Trainband. MilMness, n. I. Lactescence. 2. Mildness, softness. Milk-livered, a. Cowardly, timorous, white- livered. Milkmaid, n. Dairymaid, Milksop, ». I. Piece of bread sopped in milk. 2. Effeminate man, feeble-minded man. Milkweed, n. Silkweed, wild cotton {Asclepias syriaca). Milky, a. I. Resembling milk, milk-like, lacteal, lacteous. 2. Milk-like, emulsive, softening. 3. Yielding milk. 4. Soft, mild, gentle. Milky-way, «. Galaxy. Mill, n. I. Manufactory. 2. \U. S.^ One tenth of a cent. Mill, V. a. I. Grind, comminute, pulverize, pow- der, levigate. 2. Stamp {as coin) on the edge> 3. YmW (as cloth). 4. Throvi {as sUk). Miller, «. Moth. Miller's-thuml), n. River bull-head (Coitus ^obio). Mllliary, n. Mile-stone. Million, n. I. A thousand thousand. 2. Very great number. 3. [ JVith tfie definite article.^ The multitude, the public, the masses, the great body of the people. Millionnaire, «. Nabob, Croesus, Dives, capi- talist, very rich person, person of great wealth. Mill-tooth, n. Molar-grinder. Milt, «. I. {Anat.\ Spleen. 2. Semen (of/ishes), sperm, soft roe. Milter, «. Male fish. Mime, n. Mimic. Setlcal, 1 '*• I™>'a*»ve> ™i'°'c. Mimic, ) a. I. Imitative, mimetic, mimetical. Mimical,) 2. Imitated. Mimic, V. a. Ape, imitate, mock, counterfeit. Mimic, n. Mime. MinaciotlS, a. Threatening, menacing, minatory. Minaret, «. Turret {o/a Mahometan mosque). Minatory, a. Threatening, menacing, mina- cious. Mince, v. a. I. Hash, cut into small pieces, chop fine. 2. Extenuate, palliate, be mealy-mouthed about, be reserved in speaking of. Mince, v. «. Affect delicacy. Mince-meat, I r-u j . Minced-meat, ) '^' Chopped meat Mince-pie, n. Meat-pie. Mincing, a. Affected, over-nice. Mind, «. I, Soul, spirit, inner man. 2. Intellect, understanding, reason, sense, brains, thinking principle, intellectual powers, common-sense, intellectual faculties. 3. Disposition, cast of thought. 4. Inclination, disposition, will, wish, liking, desire, intention, purpose, choice, intent, affec- tion. 5. Belief, opinion, thought, sentiment, reflec- tion, contemplation, consideration, judgment. 6. Memory, remembrance, recollection. 7. Courage, spirit. Mind, V. a. I. Notice, note, heed, regard, mark, attend to, take notice of, pay attention to, give heed to, fix the mind on. 2. Obey, be obedient to, attend to, regard with submission, observe. 3. {Poetical.') Remind, put in mind. Mind, V. n. Mean, design, incline, intend, be in- clined, be disposed. Mindful of. Regardful of, heedful of, observant of, attentive to, thoughtful of Mindless, a. I. Destitute of mind. 2. Stupid, unthinking, dull, heavy, senseless, sluggish, insensible. 3. Regardless, careless, heedless, forgetful, neglectful, negligent. Mine, v. a. I. Sap, undermine. 2. Ruin, destroy {secretly). Mineral, «. Inorganic body. Mineral oil. Petroleum, mineral tar, rock oil, stone oil, Barbadoes tar, Seneca oil. Mineral pitch. Asphaltum, native bitumen, Jew's pitch. Mineral tar. See Mineral oil. Minever, «. [Written also Meniver^ Miniver., and Mini/er.l Ermine, white stoat. Mingle, v. a. I. Mix, intermix, commingle, inter- mingle, compound, blend, combine, join, commix. 2. Confound, confuse, jumble. 3. Contaminate, alloy. Miniature, «. Small portrait, reduced scale. Miniature, a. Little, small, diminutive, tiny. Minikin, a. Small, little, diminutive, wee, tiny, pygmy, pygmean, Liliputian, dwarfish. Minim, ». I. Dwarf 2. Drop, sixtieth part of a drachm. 3. (Mus.) Two crotchets, half a semibreve. 4. Minnow. 5. Minion, a small tjrpe. Minimum, n. Least quantity, least part Mining, a. I. Burrowing. 2. Insidious, subtle. Minion, «. Favorite {in an ill sense), creature, dependant, parasite, hanger-on. Minister, «. I. Servant, subordinate, agent, underling, assistant. 2. Administrator {of exeaitive authority), ex- ecutive officer {of a sovereign or of a govern- ■ment), official. MINISTER 273 MISEMPLOYMENT 3. Ambassador, envoy, plenipotentiary, dele- gate. 4. Clergyman, divine, priest, parson, ecclesi- astic, churchman, pastor. minister, v. a. Furnish, afford, supply, admin- ister, give. Minister, v. n. I. Serve, perform service, do service, officiate, attend, administer. 2. Aid, help, assist, succor, give assistance to, supply with what is needed, contribute. Ministerial, a. I. Attendant, subservient, sub- sidiary, conducive, assistant. 2. Executive, ambassadorial, official. 3. Sacerdotal, ecclesiastical, priestly, official, clerical. Ministration, «. I. Agency, instrumentality. 2. Service, ecclesiastical function. Ministry, «. I. Service, instrumentality, agency, aid, interposition, ministration, intervention. 2. Office of a clergyman, ecclesiastical function. 3. Cabinet, council, administration, body of ministers. 4. Administration, ministry. Minium, «. Red lead, red oxide of lead. Mink, H. Minx, North -American pole-cat, minx- otter, vison-otter, vison-weasel (Mustela vison). Minnow, n. Minim, pink {Leuciscus phoxintis). Minor, a. I. Less, smaller. 2. Inferior, subordinate. 3. Inconsiderable, petty, unimportant, small. iSnSSte, ! «• Franciscan friar. Minority, «. I. Nonage, pupilage. 2. Smaller number. Minster, n. Cathedral church. Minstrel, n. Musician, singer, bard. Minstrelsy, «. Music, melody, harmony, song. Mint, V. a. I. Coin, stamp {as money). 2. Invent, forge, fabricate, fashion, produce. Minns, a. I. Less. 2. Negative. Minute, a. I. Little, slender, diminutive, fine, very small, tiny. 2. Circumstantial, particular, critical, precise, exact, detailed. Blinate, «. I. Sixtieth part of an hour, sixty seconds. 2. Sixtieth part of a degree. 3. Note, memorandum. Minute, V. a. Note, take a note of, jot down. ^ Minutiae, n. pi [L.] Minute particulars, minor details. Minx, n. I. See Mink. 2. Hussy, jade, quean, baggage, pert girl, wanton girl. 3. She-puppy. Miracle, «. Marvel, wonder, prodigy. Miraculous, a. I. Supernatural. 2. Wonderful, extraordinary, passing strange, very strange, unaccountable, incredible. Mire, n. Mud, ooze, slime. Mire, v. n. Sink in mud. Mirk, «. Darkness, gloom. j^jjj.j.' I a. Dark, gloomy. See Murky. Mirror, «. I. Reflector, looking-glass. 2. Speculum. 3. Pattern, model, exemplar, example, proto- type, archetype, paragon. Mirror, v. a. Reflect. Mirth, n. Merriment, hilarity, jollity, joviality, gayety, merry-making, sport, fiin, joyousness, gladness, frolic, glee, festivity, laughter. MirtMtll, V. a. I. Daub, spot, soil, defile, splash, bespatter, stain. 2. Fatigue, weary, tire. Moil, V. n. Labor, toil, drudge. Moist, a. Damp, humid, dank, wet. Moisten, v. a. Dampen, damp. Moisture, n. Dampness, humidity, wetness. Molar, n. Grinder, grinding-tooth, molar tooth, double tooth, mill-tooth. Mole, «. I. Jetty, pier, breakwater, mound, dike. 2. {Zo'dl.) Mouldwarp, molewarp>. Mole-cricket, n. Churr-worm, jarr-worm, eve- churr, earth-crab, fen-cricket ipryllotalpa vul- garis). Molecular, a. Corpuscular. Molecule^ n. Atom, ultimate particle (^ »« ele- ment), indivisible particle, monad. Mole-eyed, a. Blind, purblind, myopic, short- sighted, near-sighted. Molest, V. a. Disturb, trouble, annoy, vex, tease, incommode, discommode, inconvenience, harass, worry, plague, bore, torment, bother, pester, harry, badger, irritate, fret, chafe, hector, gull, disturb, disquiet, oppress. Molewarp, n. Mole, mouldwarp, mould-turner. MoUii^^'f ""• ^- !• Soften, make soft. 2. Appease, pacify, compose, soothe, tran- quillize, calm, quiet. 3. Assuage, mitigate, moderate, ease, allay, abate, temper, attemper, relieve, lessen, dull, blunt. 4. Qualify, tone down, moderate. Mollusca, ft. pi. See Moi-LUSKS. Mollusks, n. pi. Shell-fish {with thick entire shells., like the clam), testacea, testaceans. Moment, «. I. Instant, second, trice, flash, jiffy, twinkling, twinkling of an eye, point of time. 2. Importance, consequence, weight, signifi- cance, value, import, force, consideration, avail, signification, gravity. 3. Momentum, impulsive power, impetus, force. 4. Element, factor, constituent, essential cir- cumstance, deciding point. Momentarily, ad. Momently, every moment. Momentary, a. Instantaneous. Momently, ad. Momentarily, every moment. Momentous, a. Important, weighty, significant, grave, serious, of importance, of great conse- quence. Momentum, n. [L.] I. Impetus, moment. 2. Constituent, essential element, moment. Monachism, n. Monkery, monasticism, monastic life. Monad, n. I. Atom, molecule, ultimate particle, indivisible particle. 2. {Zo'dl.) Minute animacule. Monarch, n. I. Autocrat, despot. 2. Sovereign, king, emperor, potentate, prince, ruler, chief. 3. Superior. 4. President, patron deity, presiding genius. Monarch, a. Supreme, ruling, sovereign, mon- archal, pre-eminent. Monarchic, ) a. Kingly, royal, regal, imperial, Monarchical, j sovereign. Monarchy, «. I. Kingdom, empire. 2. Kingship, empire, rule. Monastery, «. Convent, cloister, abbey, priory, nunnery. Monastic, ) a. I. Monkish, monachal, con- Monastical, ) ventual, cenobitic, cenobitical. 2. Secluded, recluse. Monasticism, «. Monastic life, monachism. Monde, «. I. World. 2. Society, people of the world. Monetary, a. Pecuniary. Money, n. I. Coin (or its representative), cash, circulating medium, standard of value, currency. 2. Wealth, riches. Money-broker, «. Money-changer, money-dealer. Money-chest, «. Cofifer, safe, strong-box. Moneyed, a. [Written also Monied.] Rich, wealthy, affluent, opulent, well off, well to do. Moneymaking, a. Lucrative, profitable, gainful. Mone3rwort, «. Creeping loosestrife {Lysimachia tnummularid). Monger, «. {Rare except in composition.) Dealer, trader, trafficker. Mongrel, a. [Written also Mungrel.'] Hybrid. Monition, «, I. Warning, admonition, counsel. 2. Information, indication, advice, hint, notice, intimation. Monitor, «. I. Adviser, counsellor, mentor, ad- monisher, warner. 2. Overseer {in a school). Monitory, a. Warning, admonishing. Monkery, «. Monachism, monasticism. Monkflsh, «. Angel-fish, kingston, kingstone, shark-ray {Squatina angehis). Monk's-hood, n. Aconite, wolfsbane (Aconitum tincinatum). Monoclinous, a. {Bot.) Hermaphrodite. Monocracy, «. Autocracy, monarchy. Monologue, «. Soliloqujr. Monomachy, «, Duel, single combat. Monomania, n. Hallucination, illusion, delusion, self-deception, partial insanity, insanity on one subject. Monopolize, v. a. Forestall, engross, engross the whole of. Monopoly, «. Exclusive possession. Monospermous, a. {Bot.) One-seeded. Monotone, «. I. Single tone, unvaried sound. 2. Sameness or uniformity of tone, monotony. Monotonous, a. Uniform, unvaried. Monotony, n. Uniformity, sameness, tedium, want of variety. Monsieur, «. I. Sir, Mr. 2. French prince. 3. Frenchman, Johnny Crapaud {in contempt or ridicule). Monster, «. I. Prodigy, enormity, marvel, wonder. 2. Prodigy, monstrosity, moon-calf, unnatural production. 3. Ruffian, wretch, miscreant, villain, demon, brute, fiend. Monstrosity, «. I. Monstrousness. 2. Prodigy, monster. Monstrous, a. I. Unnatural, preternatural, ab- normal, prodigious. 2. Huge, enormous, immense, vast, colossal, stupendous, extraordinary, prodigious. 3. Wonderful, marvellous, strange, prodigious. MONSTROUSLY 277 MORPHINE 4. Shocking, horrible, frightful, hateful, hid- eous, dreadful, terrible. Monstrously, ad. I. Shockingly, terribly, hid- eously, horribly, unnaturally. 2. Enormously, extravagantly, excessively. MontolTf «. [Fr] Horse-block. Montunent, » I. Memorial, testimonial, remem- brancer, record. 2. Tomb, gravestone, cenotaph. Monumeiltalf A- I« Of a monument. 2. Memorial, commemorative. Mood, «. Temper, humor, disposition, vein, frame of mind. Moody, a. I. Humorsome, capricious, variable. 2. Angry, petulant, irritable, irascible, passion- ate, snappish, pettish, sour, crusty, crabbed, waspish, captious, snarling, peevish, testy, fret- ful, ill-tempered, out of humor, out of temper. 3. Sullen, perverse, wayward, sulky, humor- some, glum, grum, glowering, morose, spleeny, firowning, stubborn, dogged, intractable, cross- grained. 4. Gloomy, melancholy, sad, pensive, ab- stracted, saturnine. Moon, «. I. Satellite, secondary planet. 2. Month, lunation. Moon-calf, «. I. Monster, deformed creature. 2. Blockhead, simpleton, fool, dunce, dolt. Moonisb, a. Variable, fickle, flighty, changeable, inconstant. Moonlight, n. Moonshine. Moon-shaped, a. Crescent-shaped. Moonshine, n. I. Moonlight. 2. Nonsense, trash, stuff, twaddle, fudge, flum- mery, balderdash, pretence, fiction, empty show, fustian, vanity. Moonstlicken, I a. Lunatic, simple, foolish, idi- Moonstruck, • otic, hazy, silly, bewildered. Moor, n. I. Heath, extensive waste. 2. Mauritanian. 3. Blackamoor, negro, colored person. Moor, V. a. Secure, fasten, fix firmly. Moor-hlizzard, «. Harpy, duck-hawk, marsh- harrier {Circus ceruginostts). Moor-cock, «. Gorcock, red grouse, moor-fowl, moor-game, red ptarmigan, red game {Lagopus Scoticus). Moor- hen, «. Gallinule, water-hen, spotted crake {Gallinula chloropus, or Crex porzanei). Moorish, a Moresque, arabesque. Moory, a. Moorish, marshy, fenny, boggy, watery. Moose, n. Elk, moose-deer {Cervus alces or A Ices malchis). Moose-deer, «. See Moosb Moot, V. a. Debate, discuss, dispute, argue, agitate. Mooted, ) a Debatable, disputable, disputed, un- Moot, ) settled, in question. Mop-board, «. Skirtmg, wash-board, skirting- board, surbase. Mope, V. n. I. Be sad, be gloomy, be dejected, look downcast, look blue, wear a long face. 2. Be dull, be listless, be stupid, take no in- terest in anything, be spiritless, be gloomy Mope-eyed, a. Short-sighted, purblind, myopic, mopsical. Mopish, a. I. .Sad. gloomy, downcast, dejected, depressed, desponding, down-hearted, chap- fallen, melancholy, dumpish, glum, hipped, blue, cast down, in the dumps, with a long face, down in the mouth, out o. sorts. 2. Dull, spiritless, listless, inattentive, stupid. Moppet, )«. I. Rag-baby. Mopsey, ) 2. Woolly dog. Moral, a. I. Ethical, of morals, of ethics, re- garding duties, touching obligations. 2. Accountable, bound by duty, bound to do what is right. 3. Virtuous, good, just, upright, honest, hon- orable. 4. Mental, intellectual, abstract, ideaL 5. Right, just, virtuous. 6. Probable, not demonstrative. Moral, n. I. Practical application (o/a /able, etc.). 2. Practical lesson {of any event). 3> Intent, meaning, significance. Moral facolty. Conscience, sense of right and wrong, moral sense. Moralist, n. Moral philosopher. Morality, n. I. Morals, ethics, moral philosophy. 2. Virtue, goodness, honesty, integrity, honor. Morally, o^/. I. Ethicallv. 2. Virtuously, uprightly, honestly, honorably. 3. Virtually, practically. Morals, n, pi. I. Morality, ethics, moral phi- losophy. 2. Conduct, behavior, habits, manners, counse of life. Morass, «. Marsh, fen, bog, quagmire, swamp, slough. Morbid, a. Diseased, sickly, unsound, sick, un- healthy, tainted, vitiated, corrupted. Morbific, a. Noxious, deleterious, unwholesome, unhealthy, pestilential, poisonous, baneful. Morceau, n. [Fr.] Bit, morsel, small piece. Mordacious, a. I. Biting. 2. Biting, pungent, stinging, cutting, sharp, mordant, acrid, mordicant. 3. Poignant, caustic, sarcastic, satirical, severe, scathing. Mordant, a. Biting, mordacious, keen, caustic, sarcastic, severe, satirical, nipping. More, a. I. Greater degree of, greater amount of. 2. In greater numbers. 3. Added, additional, other, besides. More, ad. I. To a greater degree. 2. Again, further, besides, m addition. More, n. I. Greater degree, greater quantity. 2. Else, other thing. Moreover, conj. and ad. Besides, further, also, likewise, too, furthermore, more than that, over and above that. Moresque }"' Moorish, arabesque, morisco. Morjrue, «. Dead-house. Moribund, a. Dying, at the point of death, on one's death-bed, at death's door, with one foot in the grave, at the last gasp. Morion, n. Helmet, helm, head-piece, burganet. Mormon, n. I. {Zodl ) Colter-neb, Labrador auk, common puffin {Fratercula Arctica). 2. Mormonite. Latter-day Saint. Mormonite, n. Mormon, Latter-day Saint. Mom, «. (Poetical.) See Morning. Morning, «. I. Dawn, daybreak, aurora, sunrise, break of day, peep of day, prime of day, first blush of the morning. 2. Forenoon, early part of the day. 3. Early part, spring-time. Morning land. East, Orient, Asia. Morning star. Lucifer, Phosphorus, Phosphor, Venus. Morose, a. Crabbed, sullen, churlish, sour, sulky, Eerverse, wayward, spleeny. spleenish, splenetic, umorsome, dogged, gloomy, moody, cross- grained, severe, austere, gruff, crusty, surly, ill- humored, ill-natured. Moroseness, «. Crabbedness, sullenness, moodi- ness, churlishness, sourness, sulkiness, sulks, spleen, ill-temper. Morphia, n. Morphine. Morphine, ». I. Morphia. MORSE 278 MOUNT GUARD 2. Sulphate of morphia. Morse, n. Walrus, sea-horse {Trichechus rosma- rus). Morsel, n. I. Bite, mouthful, bit of food. 2. Fragment, bit, little piece, tnorceau. Mortal, a. I. Subject to death, destined to die. 2. Deadly, fatal, destructive, mortiferous. 3. Vital, admitting death. 4. Final, death-bringing. 5. Human, of man. 6. (Collo^.) Extreme, immoderate, excessive, violent, vexing, tormenting. 7. (Colloq.) Long, tedious, wearisome. Mortal, ad. (jColloq.) Extremely, excessively, very deadly. Mortal, n. Man, human being. Mortal enemy. I Inveterate, desperate, or im- Mortal foe. j placable enemy. Mortality, «• I. Subjection to death, necessity of dying, mortalness. 2. Death, destruction. 3. Frequency of death, number of deaths, actual death of numbers. 4. Mankind, humanity, human nature, human race. Mortally, o^' I. In the manner of a mortal. 2. Irrecoverably, fatally, deadly. 3. {,Colloq.) Extremely, excessively, intensely, inveterately, desperately. Mortar, «. I. Piece of ordnance for throwing bombs, mortar-piece. 2. Cement. Mortg:age, «. and v. a. Pledge {for the payment of a debt). Mortificatioil, «. I. {Med.) Gangrene, sphace- lus, necrosis. 2. Discontent, dissatisfaction, displeasure, vexation, chagrin, disappointment, humiliation, trouble, shame. 3. Humiliation, self-abasement, self-denial. Mortify, v.a. I. Gangrene. 2. Disappoint, dissatisfy, displease, vex, harass, plague, worry, disquiet, chagrin, annoy, trouble, humble, depress. 3. Humiliate, humble, shame, confound, abase, abash, put down, restrain, subdue. Mortify, v. n. Gangrene, lose vitality, corrupt, putrefy, fester. Mortuary, «. I. Cemetery, graveyard, church- yard, burial-place, necropolis, burial-ground, city of the dead. 2. Dead-house, morgue. Mosaic, \ a. I. Inlaid, tessellated. Mosaical, ) 2. Of Moses. Mosaic gold. Ormolu. Moslem, n. Mahometan, Mohammedan, Mussul- man. Mosque, «. Mahometan temple. Moss-agate, n. Mocha-stone. Moss-bunker, «. See Manhaden. Moss-pink, «. Ground-pink {Phlox subulatd) Most, a. I. Greatest in quantity. 2. Greatest in number, most numerous. Most, ad. In the greatest degree, mostly, chiefly, principally. Most, «. I. Greatest part, greatest number. 2. Utmost. Mostly, ad. Mainly, chiefly, for the most part, for the greatest part. Most of all. Especially, principally, chiefly, above all. Mot, n. Bon-mot^ pithy saying, witty saying, witticism. Mote, n. Spot, speck, mite, particle, atom, cor- puscle. Moth, n. {Ent) Miller. Mother, n. I. Female parent 2. Dam {applied to a beast). 3. Generatrix, origin, spring, source. 4. Chief, head. Mother, a. I. Native, natural. 2. Originating. Mother Carey's chicken. Stormy petrel {Procel- laria pelagicd). Motherly, a. I. Maternal. 2. Maternal, affectionate, kind, tender, pa- rental. Mother-of-pearl, n. Nacre. Mother-wit, «. Native wit, common-sense. Mothery, a. Concreted, slimy, dreggy, feculent. Motipn, n. I. [Opposed to liest.j Movement, action, passage, change of place. 2. Port, gait, air, appropriate motion. 3. Impulse, prompting, suggestion, mental act. 4. Proposition {especially one made in a de- liberative body), proposal. Motionless, a. Still, quiescent, stationary, un- moved, at rest, at a stand, stock still, standing still. Motive, n. I. Inducement, incentive, impulse, incitement, stimulus, spur, prompting, influence, reason, ground, consideration, cause, occasion, prime mover, why and wherefore. 2. (Mus.) Theme, subject, melody, wo^/z'<7. Motley, a. I. Variegated, dappled, party-colored, mottled. 2. Heterogeneous, diversified, mingled, com- posite, mixed. Mottled, a. Variegated, spotted, motley, speckled, dappled, piebald, of various colors. Mould, n- I. Loam. 2. Material, composing substance, matter. 3. Mustiness, mildew, mouldiness, mucor, blight, smut. 4. Iron-mould, iron-rust, rust. 5. Matrix, matrice. 6. Form, shape, cast, fashion, character. 7. Pattern. Mould, V. a. Form, shape, fashion, model. Moulder, v. n- Crumble, perish, decay, turn to dust, fall into decay, fall to pieces, waste away. Mouldwarp, «. Molewarp, mole. Mouldy, a. Musty, mildewed, fusty, decaying. Moult, V. ft. Shed feathers, hair, etc , mew, mue. Moult, V. a. Shed {feathers, hair, etc.), mew. Mound, H. I. Hillock, knoll, hill. 2. Rampart, bulwark, defence. Mount, n. XUsed before a proper name and in poetry. '\ Mountain, high hill. Mount, V. n. I. Rise, ascend, arise, uprise, soar, go up, rise on high. 2. Tower, rise, be built up. 3. Get on horseback. 4. Amount, attain in value, count up. Mount, V. a. I. Ascend, climb, scale, escalade, get upon. 2. Put or raise {upon something). 3. Embellish, cover with ornaments. 4. {Mil.) Carrj', be furnished with. 5. Prepare, make ready. 6. Get upon, bestride. Mountain, n. Mount, high hill, vast eminence. Mountain-ash, «. [European.^ Rowan-tree, quicken-tree, fowler's service-tree, quick beam, roan-tree {Pyrus aucuparia or Sorbus aucu- Paria). Mountain-laurel, «. Calico-bush, spoon-wood {Kalmia latifolia). Mountainous, a. I. Full of mountains, hilly. 2. Huge, enormous, tremendous, bulky. Mountebank, n. Pretender, charlatan, empiric, quack, quack doctor. Mount guard. Do duty as sentinel. MOURN 279 MULTURE Mourn* v. «. Grieve, lament, be sorrowful. Mourn, v. a. Deplore, lament, bewail, bemoan, grieve for, sorrow over. Mournful, a. I. Sad, distressing, afflicting, afflic- tive, grievous, calamitous, lamentable, melaif choly, deplorable, woful. 2. Sad, melancholy, lugubrious, doleful, sor- rowful, heavy. 3. Sorrowful, sad, unhappy, melancholy, heavv-hearted. Motimfalness, «. Sorrow, mourning, grief. Mournin?, «. I. Lamentation, sorrow, grief. 2. Weeds, symbol of sorrow. Mouse, V. n. I. Catch mice. 2. Peer, search, pry about, look closely. Mouth, n. I. Chaps, jaws, cavity between the jaws. 2. Aperture {in a vessel for receiving or dis- charging anything), opening, orifice. 3. Entrance {as of a cave or a river), inlet. 4. Cry, voice. 5. Oracle, mouthpiece, speaker, spokesman. 6. Grimace, wry face, mow. Mouth, V. n. Vociferate, rant. Mouth-piece, «. I. Piece {in a wind instru- nuni) for the mouth. 2. Cigar-holder. 3. Speaker {in behalf of several persons)^ spokesman, mouth. Movable, a. I. Portable. 2. Changeable. Movables, «. pi. Goods, wares, effects, furniture, chattels, movable property. Move, V. a. I. Impel, put in motion, stir, propel. 2. Incite, instigate, rouse, actuate. 3. Influence, persuade, induce, prevail upon, act upon, determine, prompt, incline. 4. Affect, touch, impress, stir, trouble. 5. Stir up, excite, rouse, awaken, irritate, incense. 6. Excite, agitate, stir up, rouse. 7. Propose {in a deliberative body), bring for- ward, recommend, suggest, offer lox considera- tion. Move, V. H, I. Stir, budge, change place or posture. 2. Go, proceed, walk, march. 3. Act, live, have power of motion. 4* Remove, change residence. Move, n. I. Movement, motion, change of place. 2. Proceeding, action taken. Movement, n. I. Motion, move, change. 2. Motion, emotion, mental action. 3. Motion, manner of moving. 4. {Mas) {a) Rhythm, method of progression, tempo; {b) Strain, part. MovinSt a. I. Impelling, instigating, influencing, persuading. 2. Affecting, touching, pathetic, impressive. Much, a. Abundant, plenteous, a great deal of, a great quantity or amount of. Much, ad. I. Greatly, to a great degree. 2. Often, long, frequently, earnestly, a great deal. 3. Nearly, almost, about the same. Much, n. Great quantity, great deal. Mucilaginous, a. Slimy, gummy, ropy, mucous, glutinous, viscid. Muckiness, «. Filthiness, nastiness. Muckworm, n. Miser, niggard, churl, cur- mudgeon, codger, skinflint, scrimp, screw, lick- penny, hunks, sordid wretch, money-grubber. Mucky, a. Filthy, nasty, dirty. Mucous, a. Slimy, ropy, mucilaginous, gummy, glutinous, viscid, muculent, pituitous. Mucus, «. Phlegm, pituite. Mud, n. Mire, dirt. Muddlly, a-, spend foolishly. Muddled, a. I. Fuddled, tipsy, disguised, mused, potulent, mellow, in liquor, half seas over, the worse for liquor, half drunk. 2. Stupefied, clouded, confused. Muddle-headed, a. Doltish, stupid. Muddy, a. I. Miry, dirty. 2. Turbid, foul, impure, dirty. 3. Soiled, dirty. 4. Confused, dull, stupid, heavy, muddf- headed, muddy-brained, bothered. 5. Obscure, confused, incoherent, vague. 6. Gross, impure. Muddy-brained, I a. Dull, muddy, stupid, dolt- Muddy-headed, ) ish, muddle-headed, con- fused, fat-witted. Mud-turtle, «■ Marsh-tortoise, mud-terrapia {Sternotharus odoratus). Muff, V. a. Muddle, mull, spoil. Muffle, V. a. I. Wrap, cover, shroud, envelop. 2. Blindfold. 3. Wrap up, cover, conceal, involve, disguise. Muffled, a. I. Wrapped up, concealed. 2. Dulled, deadened, suppressed. Muggy, a. I. Wet, damp, moist, mouldy. 2. Close, warm, oppressive {said of tht weather), uncomfortable. Mulct, n. Fine, amercement, forfeit, forfeiture, pecuniary penalty. Mulct, V. a. Fine, amerce, impose a fine upon. Mule, n. Hybrid, mongrel, hinny. Muleteer, «. Mule-driver. Muliebrity, n. I. Womanhood. 2. Femineity, womanishness, womanhood, feminality, femininity. 3. Womanishness, effeminacy, softness, weak- ness Mulish, a. Stubborn, obstinate, headstrong, cross- grained, intractable. Mulishness, n. Stubbornness, doggedness, obsti- nacy. Mull, n. Muddle, mess {colloq.). Mullion, «. {Arch.) Munnion, munion, mon- yall. Multangular, a. Polygonal. MultifariotlS, a. Multiform, manifold, various, divers, diversified, different, of many sorts, of various kinds, of all sorts and kinds. Multifold, a. Manifold, numerous, diversified. Multiform, a. I. Many-shaped, diversified, of many shapes, of many forms. 2. Manifold, multifarious, multifold, multiple, multiplex. Multiloquence, n. Loquacity, talkativeness. Mtlltiplicity, «. Multitude, great number. Mtlltiplied, a. Numerous, many. Multiply, V. a. Increase ({'» number), make more, make many. Multiply, V. n. I. Increase, prow in number. 2. Increase, extend, spread. Multitude, H. I. Great number, numerousness. 2. Host, legion, a great many. 3. Throng, concourse, army, swarm, a great number, a great many, assembly, assemblage, collection, crowd. 4. The multitude, rabble, the populace, the Tulgar, mass, commonalty. Multure, ». I. Grain-grinding. MUM 280 MUTINOUS 2. Grain ground, grist. 3. Mill-fee, mill-toll. KuBlt a. Silent, mute, speechless, dumb. Mumble, v. n. Mutter, speak inarticulately, muffle. MumUer, «. Mutterer. Mummer, «. Masker, buffoon. Mummery, «. I. Masking, masquerade, sport, diversion, bufifoonery, harlequinade, foolery, tom- foolery. 2. Empty show, solemn mockery, vain cere- mony. Mumpish, a. Sullen, morose, moody, spleeny, spleenish, dull, heavy, sour, sulky. Mumps, M. (AJed.) Parotitis, inflammation of the parotid gland. Muucll, V. a. Chew audibly, masticate with sound, chew eagerly, mump, nibble. Mundane, a. Earthly, terrene, terrestrial, terra- queous, worldly, sublunary, under the sun, secu- lar, temporal. Municipal, a. Civic, civil. Munificence, «. Liberality, generosity, bountiful- ness, bounty, beneficence, bounteousness. Munificent, a. Liberal, bountiful, generous, bounteous, beneficent, princely, free, free- hearted. Muniment, ». I. Fortification, stronghold, cita- del, fortress, fort. 2. Support, defence. 3. {Law.) Record, title-deed. Munition, n. Ammunition, military stores, pro- vision. Munnion, n. [Written also Munion.] {Arch.) MuUion, monyall. Murder, «. Homicide (with malice), assassina- tion, manslaughter. Murder, v. a. I. Kill {with malice), assassinate, massacre, put to death. 2. Kill cruelly, slay. 3. Destroy, put an end to. 4. Abuse, violate grossly, mar. spoil. Murderer, «. Slaughterer, assassin, slayer, killer, butcher, cut-throat, blood-shedder, man-slayer. Murderous, a. Sanguinary, bloody, cruel, savage, fell, bloodthirsty, blood-guilty. Murder the queen's English. Use bad gram- mar, commit a solecism, break Priscian's head. Muriate, «. Chloride. Muriatic acid. Hydrochloric acid, marine acid, spirit of sea-salt. Murky, a. Dark, gloomy, obscure, dim, cloudy, clouded, dusky, lurid, overcast, lowering. Murmur, ». I. Whisper; low, continuous sound, hum. 2. Complaint, plaint, whimper, grumble, mutter. 3. Mutter, indistinct utterance, undertone. Murmur, v. «. I. Make a low, continued sound. 2. Complain, repine, croak, grumble, mutter. 3. Mutter, whisper. Mnrmurer, «. Censurer, complainer, repiner, objector, fault-finder, grumbler. Murrain, «. Cattle-plague, epizoBtic disease, murr. Murrion, n. See Morion. &&,!- Muscat, muscatel. Muscatel, I "' Muscadel, muscadine. Muscovado, «. Unrefined sugar. Muscovy-duck, «. Musk-duck. Muscular, a. I.^ Musculous, sinewy. 2. Brawny, sinewy, strong, stalwart, vigorous, powerful, sturdy, lusty, athletic, Herculean, able- bodied, stout. Muse, n. Revery, abstraction, musing, deep thoiight, brown study, absence of mind, musing. Muse, V. n. I. Ponder, meditate, contemplate, reliect, cogitate, deliberate, ruminate, think, brood. 2. Be absent-minded, be in a revery, be in a brown study, dream. Muse, z/. a. (Poetical.) Consider, ponder, med- itate on, think on. Muses, n. pi. [With The prefixed.] The tuneful Nine, the tuneful quire {Calliope^ Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia, Urania), Mushroom, «. I. Cryptogamous plant. 2. Upstart, parvenu. Mushroom, a. Ephemeral, short-lived, transitory, transient. Music, «. I. Melody, harmony, symphony, min- strelsy. 2. Science of harmonical sounds. 3. Score. Musical, a. I. Melodious, harmonious, tuneful, symphonious, dulcet, sweet-sounding. 2. Melodious, harmonious. Musing, a. Meditative, preoccupied, absent- minded. Musing, «. _ Revery, abstraction, muse, medita- tion, reflection, contemplation, brown study, deep thought, absent-mindedness. Musk-duck, n. Muscovy-duck (Anas moschata). Musk-rat, ». I. Musquash, musk-beaver (OWa- tra zibethicus). 2. Desman, muscovy {Mygale moschata). Muslim, «. See Mussulman. Muss, «. Scramble, confused struggle, disorder, state of confusion. Mussulman, «. Mahometan, Mohammedan, Moslem, Muslim. Must, V. n. Be obliged to, be required to, be bound to, be necessitated to, be under the necessity of. Must, «. !• Grape-juice (un/ermented), new wine. 2. Mould, fust, mustiness, mouldiness, fusti- ness, sourness. Muster, v. a. Assemble, collect, gather, marshal, congregate, convene, bring together, call together, get together, muster up. Muster, v. «. Be assembled, meet together, rally. Muster, «. Gathering, assemblage, collected show, collection. Musty, a. I. Mouldy, fusty, sour, fetid, rank, foul, spoiled, stale, frowzy. 2. Stale, old, hackneyed, trite, threadbare. 3. Vapid, ill-flavored, stale, insipid. 4. Dull, heavy, spiritless, rusty. Mutability, «• I. Changeableness, mutableness, variableness. 2. Instability, fickleness, vacillation, incon- stancy. Mutable, a. I. Changeable, alterable, variable. 2. Inconstant, unsettled, vacillatmg, fickle, unstable, changeable, unsteady, wavering, vari- able, irresolute, changeful. Mutableness, «. See Mutability. Mutation, n. I. Change, alteration, variation. 2. Change. MutatOiy, a. Changing. Mute, a. I. Dumb, obmutescent, unable to speak, incapable of speech. . 2. Silent, speechless, still. 3. Silent, unpronounced. Mutilate, v. a. I. Disfigure, maim, cripple. 2. Mangle, injure. Mutilation, «. I. Disfigurement, maim. 2. Injury. Mutinous, a. I. Turbulent, contumacious, re- fractory, unruly, insubordinate, riotous, rebellious. MUTINY 281 NARROW 2. Seditious, insurgent, insurrectionary. Mutinyt v. n. Rebel, revolt, resist authority. Mattny* «• Sedition, revolt, rebellion, insurrec- tion, riot, rising, uprising. Matter, v. n. Grumble, murmur, mumble, muffle. Mutter, V. a. Utter indistinctly, murmur. Matter, n. Murmur, indistinct utterance. Matoal, a. Reciprocal, interchanged, correlative, reciprocally given and received, common, inter- changeable. Mutoally, ad. I. Reciprocally, m return. 2. Conjointly, in common. Mozzle, n. I. Snout. 2. Mouth, nozzle. Mynheer, « iDutch.^ I. Sir, Mr. 2. Dutchman, Hollander. Myopic, a. Near-sighted, short-sighted, dim- sighted, purblind, mope-eyed. Myopy, n. Near-sightedness, myopia, mouse- sight. MS^riad, «. I. Ten thousand. 2. An immense number. Myriad, a. Innumerable, multitudinous, mani- fold. MySteriOOSf a. Unknown, enigmatical, obscure, hidden, occult, inscrutable, recondite, secret, un- intelligible, mystic, mystical, dark, cabalistic, abstruse, incomprehensible. Mystery, «. I. Secret, enigma, riddle. 2. Secret. 3. Enigma. 4. Trade, art, calling, occupation, busi- ness. Mystic, ) a. I, Mysterious, hidden, enigmati- Mystical, ] cal, obscure, occult, recondite, in- scrutable, abstruse, dark, transcendental. 2. Allegorical, emblematical, cabalistic, sym- bolical. Mysticism, ». Enthusiasm, quietism, doctrine of the Mystics. Mystify, v. a. Perplex, puzzle, bewilder, embar- rass, pose, befog, obfuscate. Myth, «• I. Fable, legend, tradition. 2. Fable, invention, allegory, parable, fiction, fabulous story. 3. Falsehood, lie, untruth. Mythic, I a. Fabulous, fabled, imaginary, M3rtllical, ) mythological, fictitious, faucitul. N Vfll), V. a. {Colloq.) Seize {suddenly), catch, - clutch, grasp, snatch, lay hands on, lay hold on, take possession of. Hahob, n. I. Indian deputy, viceroy, or governor. 2. Millionnaire, Croesus, Dives, very rich man, man of great wealth, man of fortune. Kacre, «. Mother-of-pearl. llacreoas, a. I. Of nacre. 2. Pearly, iridescent, irisated, opalescent, pavonine, polychromatic, irisated, pearlaceous. ITaevOSe, a. Spotted, freckled. Ifag, n. Horse {especially a sinaJl horse), pony. na?, V. a. Torment, worry, pester, hector, harass. Baiad, «. {Mythol.) Water-nymph. Kail, n. Claw, talon. naive, a. [Fr.J Artless, unaffected, ingenuous, natural, plain, simple, unsophisticated, candid. XTaivete, «. [Fr.] Artlessness, ingenuousness, naturalness, simplicity, tiative candor, unaflfected plainness. Vaked, a. I. Nude, uncovered, bare. 2. Denuded, unclothed, undressed, in fiuris naturalibus. 3. Uncovered. 4. Exposed, defenceless, unarmed, unpro- tected, unguarded, open. 5. Manifest, unconcealed, evident, open, plain, undisguised. 6. Simple, mere, sheer, bare. 7. Unprovided, unfurnished, destitute, un- aided, bare. 8. Plain, unvarnished, uncolored, unexagger- ated. Vakedness, «. I. Nudity, bareness. 2. Openness, exposure Namby-pamby, a. Finical, affectedly fine, silly, weakly sentimental, insipid, vapid. Name, «. I. Appellation, title, epithet, denomi- nation, designation, descriptive term. 2. Reputation, repute, credit, character. 3. Note, distinction, fame, renown, celebrity, eminence, honor, praise. 4. Authority, behalf, part, stead. 5. Family, connection, race. 6. Memory^ remembrance. 7. Person, individual. Name, v. a. I. Denominate, entitle, style, term, call, dub, phrase, christen, give an appellation to. 2. Mention, speak of, call by name- 3. Nominate, designate, specify, indicate. Nameless, a. I. Without a name. 2. Obscure, undistinguished, unknown. 3. Inexpressible. Namely, ad. Particularly, that is, that is to say, to wit, to particularize, videlicet. Nap, V. n. Doze, slumber, drowse, take a short sleep. Nap, n. Dose, slumber, short sleep, siesta. Naphtha, n. Rock oil, mineral oil, stone oil. Napless, a. Threadbare. Nappy, a. I. Heady, strong. 2. Downy, shaggy, fuzzy, woolly, villous. Narcotic, a. Stupefying, stupefactive. Narcotic, n. Stupefacient, anodyne, anaesthetic, opiate, sleeping draught, sedative. Narrate, v. a. Relate, recite, recount, rehearse, tell, detail, describe, give an account of. Narration, n. I. Recital, description, rehearsal, relation, account, statement. 2. Story, history, narrative, tale, chronicle, account. Narratiye, «. Narration, relation, tale, account, recital, rehearsal, description, story, history, chronicle. Narrator, «. Relater, historian. Narrow, a. -I. Of little breadth. 2. Contracted, circumscribed, limited, con- fined, straitened, cramped, pinched, scanty, in- capacious. 3. Limited, straitened, pinched, scanty. 4. Bigoted. 5. Ungenerous, parsimonious, covetous, mer- cenary, illiberal, avaricious, niggardly, mean, selfish. 6. Close, near. 7. Close, near, accurate, scrutinizing, careful* exact, attentive. NARROW 282 NEAR lTflrrOW» v. a. I, Contract. 2. Cramp, restrict, limit, confine. Harrow house. Grave, tomb, sepulchre, house of death. Ifarrow-minded, a. Illiberal, bigoted, preju- diced, warped, biassed, partial, narrow-souled, mean-spirited, of narrow or contracted views. ITarroWS, n. pi. Strait, sound, narrow passage. Narwlial, «. [Written also Narwka/e , Narwal, and Narval.'\ Sea-unicorn, unicorn-fish, uni- corn-whale (Monodon tnonoceros). nascent, a. Incipient, opening, initial, dawning, inchoative, initiatory, rudimental, beginning, commencing, at the start, in the act of evolution. Nastiliess, «. I. Filth, filthiness, dirtiness, foul- ness, impurity, uncleanness, pollution, defilement, squalor. 2. Obscenity, smuttiness, indecency, ribaldry, grossness. ]7asty> a. I. Filthy, foul, unclean, impure, dirty, polluted, defiled, loathsome, squalid. 2. Obscene, smutty, gross, indelicate, lewd, -indecent, ribald, loose. 3. Nauseous, sickening, disgusting, offensive, repulsive, odious, disagreeable. 4. Disagreeable, annoying, troublesome, ag- gravating, pestering, pesky. IVasnte, a. I. Keen-smelling. 2. Critical, censorious, nice, captious. ITatal, a. Native, of birth, natalitious. Katal day. Birthdaj;. IfatcIl-l)one» «. Aitch-bone, edge-bone, rump- bone. ITatioilt n. I. State, commonwealth, realm, na- tionality. 2. People, community, population, race, stock. ITatioiial, a. Public, general. Ifationality, «. I. National character. 2. State, nation, commonwealth. 3. Race, people, nation, stock. 4. Patriotism, love of one's own nation, na- tionalism. native, a. I. Natal, of birth. 2. Vernacular, mother. 3. Indigenous, natural. 4. Original, genuine, intrinsic, real, unarti- ficial, natural. 5. Home, domestic. 6. Natural, inherent, innate, inborn, inbred, congenital, indigenous. ITaUve, «. Original inhabitant. nativity, «. Birth. Hatty, a. (Colloq.) Neat, spruce, tidy, nice, fine, jaunty, trig, trim, finical, foppish, dandyish. natural, a. I. Of nature. 2. Original, indigenous, native. 3. Essential, characteristic, native. 4. Regular, normal, legitimate, in the course of nature, consistent with nature, conformable to nature. 5. Affectionate, kind. 6. Unaffected, real, genuine, simple, ingenu- ous, artless, spontaneous. 7. Unregenerate. 8. Life-like. 9. Illegitimate, bastard. natural, «. Fool, simpleton, idiot. natural-bom, a. Native. natural child. Bastard, love-child, illegitimate child. naturalize, v. a. I. Make natural, familiarize, make easy. 2. Adopt as a citizen, adopt as native. 3. Acclimatize, adapt, accustom, habituate. 4. Adapt, make one's own. nature, «. I. World, creation, universe, system of created things, aggregate of phenomena, world of matter and of mind, sum of causes and effects. 2. Sum total of sensible objects, world of matter. 3. Character, essence, constitution, quality, sum of attributes. 4. Kind, sort, species, quality, character. 5. Temper^ disposition, humor, mood, grain. 6. Mind, mtelligence, intelligent being, in- tellect. 7. Active principle of the universe, soul of the Universe, God, Creator, Author. ^ 8. Regular course of things, usual or estab- lished order of events, normal association. 9. What is natural, conformity with nature, accordance with truth or reality. 10. Vitality, human life, vital powers of a man. 11. Natural affection, reverence. 12. Natural condition, nakedness. naught, n. Nothing, nought. naught, a. I. Worthless, bad, of no value. 2. Naughty, vile, base. nauffhtiness, «. Perverseness, frowardness, mis- chievousness, misbehavior. naughty, a. I. Bad, corrupt, worthless, good for nothing. 2. Perverse, froward, mischievous, bad. nausea, «. I. Seasickness. 2. Qualm, sickness of the stomach, inclination to vomit, squeamishness, loathing. 3. Disgust, loathing, repugnance, aversion, strong dislike. nauseate, v. n. Feel nausea, feel disgust, grow qualmish. nauseate, v. a. I. Sicken, disgust, revolt, make sick, turn one's stomach, make one's gorge rise. 2. Loathe, abhor, detest, abominate, feel nausea or disgust at, shrink from, recoil from, reject with disgust. nauseous^ a. Disgusting, loathsome, disgustful, nauseating, sickening, revolting, repulsive, dis- tasteful, offensive. nautical, <>. Maritime, marine, naval. naval, a. Nautical, marine, maritime. navel-string, «. Umbilical cord. navew, « Wild turnip (Brassica campestris)- navicular, a. {Anat. and Bot,) Boat-shaped, cymbiform. navigate, v. «. Sail, cruise, course, go in a ves- sel, plough the waves, plough the deep. navigate, v. a. I. Sail over, sail on, pass in a vessel. 2. Steer, direct (m sailing), guide the course of. navigator, «. Navigating officer. navy, ft. I. Ships, vessels, shipping, fleet of ships. 2. Ships of war, naval establishment. nay, ad. I. No. 2. Not only so, but more ; not this only, but also. naze, n. Promontory, cliff, headland (same as Ness). neap, a [Written also Neep.'\ Low {applied to tides). near, a. I. Nigh, close, neighboring, adjacent, contiguous, proximate, adjoining, bordering upon, approximate to, close upon, close by, hard upon, close at hand. 2. Imminent, impending, forthcoming, ap- proaching, threatening, at hand, about to happen, going to happen. 3. Intimate, dear, familiar, closely allied, closely attached. 4. Direct, short, straight, immediate, close. 5. Close, literal, accurate. 6. Close, narrow. 7. Left. NEAR 283 NEITHER HERE NOR THERE 8. Close, narrow, niggardly, parsimonious, close-fisted. 9. Closely related, allied by blood. 10. Present, ready. Hear, ad. Nearly, closely, within a little of, almost, well-nigh. Near, />re^. Nigh, close to, close by, not far from. Near, v. «. Approach, come nearer. Near, v. a. Approach, draw near. Nearly, ad. I. Approximately, not remotely. 2. Almost, well-nigh, within a little. 3. Closely, intimately. 4. Closely, intimately, pressingly. 5. Stingily, meanly, parsimoniously, penu- riously. Nearness, n. I. Closeness, neighborhood, prox- imity. 2. Propinquity, consanguinity. 3. Intimacy, familiarity. 4. Parsimony, penuriousness, closeness. Near-sighted, a. Short-sighted, myopic, purblind. Neat, a. I. Clean, cleanly, unsoiled, orderly, trim, tidy. 2. Nice, spruce, trim, smart. 3. Chaste, simple, pure. 4. Pure, unadulterated, unmixed, excellent 5. Exact, finished, adroit, clever. 6. Nice, dainty. 7. Net, clear, after every deduction. Neat-cattle, ». Bovine animals (btills, oxen, cows, calves, heifers, steers), beeves. Neat-handed, a. Deft, dexterous, adroit, clever. Neatly, ad I. Cleanly, in a neat manner, tidily. 2 Nicely, handsomely. 3. Elegantly, nicely, quietly. Neatness, n. I. Cleanness, cleanliness, tidiness. 2. Nicety, spruceness, trimness. 3. Chasteness. simplicity, purity. Nel), n. Beak, bill, nib. Nebulosity, n. Cloudiness, haziness, mistiness, nebulousness NebulOllS, a. I. Cloudy, hazy, misty. 2. Nebular. Necessarily, ad. Indispensably, unavoidably. Necessary, a. I. Inevitable, unavoidable, that must be. 2. Requisite, essential, indispensable, needful, that cannot be spared. 3. Involuntary. Necessary, «. I. Requisite, requirement, neces- sity, essential, indispensable thing, sine qua non. 2. Privy, jakes, water-closet, back-house. Necessitate, ». a. I. Compel, force, oblige, con- strain, impel. 2. Make necessary, render unavoidable. Necessitous, a. I. Needy, indigent, poor, penni- less, moneyless, destitute, distressed, pinched, reduced, in need, in want, short of money, out of money, out of pocket, out of cash. 2. Narrow, destitute, pinching. Necessity, «. I. Unavoidableness, inevitableness. 2. Compulsion, fatality, fate, destiny, irresist- ible force, overruling power. 3. Indispensableness, indispensability, need. 4. Need, needfulness, urgency, exigency, pressing want. 5. Requirement, requisite, essential, necessary, indispensable thing, sine qua non. 6. Indigence, povertv, need, want. Neck-and-neck. Even,' level, equal. Neck-cloth, «. Cravat, neckerchief, necktie. Sl^kMudke'rchief. i «• Cravat, neck-cloth. Neck-or-nothing, a. Dangerous, desperate. Necktie, «. Cravat, neck-cloth. Necrology, «. Obituary, register of deaths. Necromancer, «. Sorcerer, conjurer, enchanter, juggler, charmer, diviner, wizard, magician, ex- orcist, seer, soothsayer. Necromancy, «. Sorcery, magic, divination, en- chantment, conjuration, black art, magical art. Necropolis, «. Cemetery, churchyard, graveyard, mortuary, burial-ground, burial-place, city o£ the dead. N6e, pp. Bom. Need, n. I. Necessity, want, exigency, urgency, emergency, strait, extremity. 2. Indigence, poverty, penury, destitution, distress, neediness, privation. Need, V. a. Want, require, lack, be in want of, stand in want of. Needful, a. I. Needy, necessitous, distressful. 2. Necessary, requisite, essential, indispen- sable. Needle-shaped, a. Aciform, acicular, adculate. Needless, a. Uunecessary, useless. Needlewoman, ». Seamstress, sempstress. Needle-work, n. Embroidery Needs, ad. Necessarily, indispensably, of neces- sitv. Needy, a. Indigent, destitute, poor, necessitous. Nefarious, a. Abominable, atrocious, detestable, execrable, iniquitous, scandalous, wicked, infa- mous, villanous, heinous, flagitious, very wicked, horrible, dreadful, vile. Negation, n. Denial, disavowal, disclaimer. Neglect, V. a- I. Omit, leave out, pass over. 2. Disregard, slight, contemn, overlook, pay no heed to, pay no regard to, leave out of view, leave on one side, not care a straw for, disesteem, despise. Neglect, n. I. Omission {of a particular act of duty), failure, default, remissness, carelessness, heedlessness, inattention 2. Slight, disregard, disrespect. 3. Negligence, indifference. 4. Neglectedness, state of being disregarded. Neglectful, a Heedless, careless, negligent, thoughtless, inattentive. Negligee, «. Undress, dishabille, deshabille. Negligence, «. I. Neglect, carelessness, thought- lessness, remissness, heedlessness, disregard, inattention, slackness, laches, inadvertency, indifference. 2. Shortcoming, fault, omission, defect, inad- vertence. Negligent, a. Careless (habitually), thoughtless, heedless, remiss, regardless, inattentive, neglect- ful, indifferent. Negotiate, v,n. I. Treat, bai^ain. 2. Treat with. Negotiate, v. a. I. Treat for, arrange for, pro- cure. 2. Pass, put into circulation, sell. Negotiation, «. I. Transaction. 2. Trading, business. Negro, H. African, black man. Negro-corn, «. Indian millet, Huinea corn, Turk- ish millet, durra (Sorghum vulgare). Neigh, V. n. Whinny. Neighborhood, n. I. Vicinity, vicinage. 2. Neighbors. 3. District, locality. 4. Nearness, propinquity. Neighboring, a. Near, adjacent, contiguous. Neighborly, a. I. Friendly, kind, civil. 2. Social, obliging, attentive, friendly. Neither, pron. and a. Not either, nor one nor the other. Neither head nor tail. Neither one thing nor the other, nothing distinct or definite. Neither here nor there. I. Nowhere, neither in one place nor another. 2. Irrelevant, not to the purpose. NEM. CON. 284 NIGHT-JAR Hem. .con. [L. Contracted from nemitie contra- dicentc no one speaking against.] Unanimously, with one accord, witli one consent, to a man, as one man, one and all, on all hands, in chorus, without a dissenting voice. neologism, «. I. New word or phrase, neo- nism. 2. Neology, use of new words or phrases. XTeolOgy, «. I. Neologism, use of new words or phrases. 2. (Theol.) Rationalism, rationalistic inter- pretation. Heophyte, «. I. Convert, proselyte. 2. Novice,, catechumen. 3. Beginner, tyro, pupil, novice. Ifeoteric, a. New, modem, recent. Nereid, «. Sea-nymph. Nerve, n. I. Strength, power, force, vigor, might. 2. Courage, pluck, fortitude, firmness, resolu- tion, hardihood, manhood, self-command, steadi- ness, endurance, coolness. Nerve, v. a. Strengthen, invigorate, fortify, brace, energize. Nerveless, a. Weak, flabby, flaccid. Nervous, a. I. Full of nerves. 2. Of the nerves. 3. Sinewy, strong, vigorous, robust, forcible, powerful, wellstrung, nervy. 4. Timid, timorous, easily agitated, weak, weakly, irritable, fearful. 5. Vigorous, forcible, powerful, forceful, strong, spirited. Nervousness, «. I. Strength, force, power, vigor, forcibleness. 2. Timidity, timorousness, trepidation, tremor, flutter, nervous agitation, weakness Nervy, a. Nervous, strong, sinewy, vigorous. Nescience, «. Ignorance. Nestle, V. n. Snuggle, cuddle, snug, harbor, lodge, lie close, nuzzle. Net, «■ Snare, gin, trap, toil. Net, a. [Written also Neat and Nett.'\ I. Clear, without deductions. 2. Pure, unadulterated. Net, V. a. Clear, get or gain over and above expenses. Nether, a. Lower. Nettle, V. a. Fret, chafe, ruffle, irritate, vex, tease, harass, provoke, incense, exasperate, sting. Network, «. Netting, reticulated or decussated work, interlacement. Neutral, a. I. Indifferent, impartial, neuter, of neither party, taking no part with either side. 2. Indifferent, mediocre. Neutralize, v. a. I. Counterbalance, counter- poise, render neutral, render inert, destroy the effect of, render of no effect. 2. Invalidate, render inoperative. Never, ad. I. At no time, not at any time, not ever. 2. In no degree, not at all, none. 3. Not. Nevertheless, ad. However, notwithstanding, not at all the less, yet. New, a- I. Novel, fresh, of recent origin. 2. Recent, modern, of the present day. 3. Just discovered, recently made known, Strange. 4. Unaccustomed, unused. 5. Repaired, renovated, reinvigorated. 6. Starting anew, commencing, renovated. 7. Newly come. New-fangled, a. I. New-made, new-fashioned. 2. Changeable, volatile. News, «. Tidings, intelligence, information, ad- vice, word, recent accounts. Newsmonger, n. Quidnunc, gossip, tale-bearar, mumble-news. Newspaper, «. Gazette, journal. Newt, n. £ft, salamander, asker, ask. Next, a. Nearest. Next door to. I. Next house to. 2. Near to, bordering on, close to, allied to. Nib, «. I. Bill, beak, neb. 2. Point (e/'a/ a. Hard, firm, strong. Oathy n. I. Soleina affirmation, imprecatory pledge, vow, sworn statement or promise or pledge. 2. Imprecation, blasphemy, curse, malediction. OMuracy, «. I. Contumacy, stubbornness, dog- gedness, hardness of heart, obstinacy. 2. Impenitence, depravity. OMurate, a. I. Hard, harsh, rugged, rough. 2. Hardened, obstinate, firm, callous, unfeel- ing, stubborn, unyielding, dogged, pig-headed, inflexible, inexorable, cantankerous, hard- hearte.d, unbending, unsusceptible, insensible. 3. Depraved, graceless, shameless, reprobate, lost, impenitent, irreclaimable, incorrigible. Obedience, «. I. Compliance, submission. 2. Dutifulness, duty, reverence, respect. 01)edient, a. Compliant, submissive, deferential, dutiful, respectful, yielding compliance, observ- ant, regardful, subservient. 01)elsiance, ». Salutation, reverence, bow, courtesy. Obelisk, «. I. Column, pillar, quadrangular pillar. 2. Dagger {in printing). Obese, a. Fat, fleshy, corpulent, stout, plump, portly, gross. Obesity, «• Fleshiness, fatness, corpulence, cor- pulency, plumpness, embonpoint, obeseness. Obfuscate, v. a. I. Darken, cloud, obscure. 2. Bewilder, confuse, muddle. Obit, n. I. Funeral rite, obsequies. 2. Death, decease. Obituary, «. Necrology. Object, n. I. Thing, reality, particular, existence, fact, phenomenon, percept, thing perceived, ex- ternal reality. 2. Mark, aim, target, butt ; goal, end, desti- nation ; recipient, correlate, or complement (^a conscious stibj'ect). 3. End, aim, intent, intention, purpose, de- sign, motive, use, view, drift, goal, final cause. 4. {Gram,) Regimen, complement. Objection, «. Exception, difficulty, doubt, scruple. Objectionable, a. Exceptionable. Objective, a. I. Belonging to or characterizing the object {as distinguished from the subject). 2. Outward, external, real, actual, positive, true, unconditional, universal, non-subjective, free from subjective limits. 3. Absorbed in objects, non-introversive, free from introversion, wholly occupied with the ob- ject or fact, that tells things as they are, that does riot color facts, that paints things in their own light, extroitive {rare). 4. {Gram.) Denoting the object or regimen or complement. 5. (Mil.) Destined, aimed at, of chief aim, of iiltimate strategy. Objectless, a. Aimless, purposeless, wandering, vae:ue, desultory. Object to. Disapprove of, protest against, take ex- ception to. Objurgate, v. a. Chide, reprove, reprehend. Objurgation, «. Reproof, reprehension, rebuke. Objurgatory, a. Culpatory, reprehensory, re- proving, rebuking. Oblation, «. Offering, sacrifice. Obligate, v. a. {huUgant.) Bind, oblige, bring under^ obligation. Obligation, «. I. Responsibility, accountable- ness, bond of duty. 2. Engagement, contract, agreement, stipula- tion, bond, covenant. 3, Debt of gratitude. Obligate, a. (Mus.) [Written also Obbligato.} Required, necessary, indispensable. Obligatory, a. Binding, coercive. Oblige, V a. I. Compel, force, coerce, constrain, necessitate, bind. 2. Serve, accommodate, please, favor, benefit, gratify, do a service for, do a favor to. 3. Obligate, bind, bring or lay under obli- gation. Obliging, a. Civil, complaisant, kind, considerate, accommodating, courteous, polite, friendly, ur- bane, affable. Oblique, a. I. Inclined, aslant, slanting. 2. Indirect, obscure. 3. Underhand. 4. Envious, unpropitious, malignant, sinister, bad. 5. Collateral, indirect. Obliterate, v. a. I. Efface, erase, expunge, can- cel, rub out, rub off, blot out, scratch out, wipe out, strike out. 2. Wear out, destroy. Obliteration, «. Effacement, erasure, extinction, blotting out. Oblivion, n. I. Forgetfulness (Oblivion refers especially to the thing forgotten). 2, Amnesty, general pardon. Oblivious, a. Forgetful, mindless, heedless, care- less, negligent, neglectful. Obloquy, «. Reproach, detraction, odium, cen- sure, blame, calumny, contumely, slander, defa- mation, backbiting, traducing, aspersion, reviling. ObnojdOUS, a. I. Reprehensible, censurable, blameworthy, faulty. 2. Hateful, unpleasing, odious, offensive, un- popular. 3. Subject, liable, answerable, exposed (with to), amenable. Oboe, n. Hautboy. Obscene, a. I. Indecent, indelicate, immodest, impure, ribald, gross, coarse, broad, unchaste, lewd, loose, smutty, offensive, shameless, filthy. 2. Dirty, filthy, foul, offensive, disgusting. 3. Inauspicious, ill-omened, ill-boding. Obscenity, «. I. Indecency, indelicacy, im- modesty, unchastity, lewdness, obsceneness. 2. Ribaldry, lewdness, smuttiness, indelicacy. Obscure, a. I. Dark, gloomy, rayless, darksome, unilluminated, unenlightened, dusky, sombre, sombrous, lurid, shadowy, murky, dim. 2« Unintelhgible, incomprehensible, indis- tinct, indefinite, vague, doubtful, enigmatical, mysterious, mystic, mystical, recondite, abstruse, cabalistic, transcendental, high, intricate, in- volved, difficult, blind. 3. Retired, remote, secluded. 4. Unknown, undistinguished, nameless, un- noted, unnoticed, renownless, unhonored, humble, inglorious. 5. Imperfect, dim, indistinct, defective. Obscure, v. a I. Darken, cloud, eclipse, dim, shade, obfuscate. 2. Degrade, tarnish. OBSCURITY 289 OCCUR 3. Hide, disguise, keep in the dark, conceal, cover. Otacurity, n. I. Darkness^ dimness, gloom, gloominess, shade, obscuration, cloud, obfusca- tion, opacity. 2. Unintelligibleness, darkness of meaning. 3. Humbleness. 4. Seclusion, retirement, privacy. Obsequies, n. pi. Exequies, funeral rites, funeral solemnities, obit. ObseQuions, a. Fawning, sycophantic, deferential, flattering, cringing, servile, slavish, supple, meanly submissive. Obsequiousness, «. Fawning, cringing, servility, slavishness, suppleness, sycophancy, mean com- pliance. Observable, a. Noticeable, remarkable, marked, striking, noteworthy. Observance, «. I. Performance, fulfilment, dis- charge, acquittal. 2. Form, ceremony, ceremonial, rite. 3. Practice, custom, usage, fashion. 4. Attention, service, respect. Observant, a. I. Mindful, regardful, heedful, attentive, watchful. 2. Obedient, attentive to. 3. Attentive, submissive. Observation, «. I. Notice, attention, observance. 2. Remark, note, annotation. 3. Knowledge, experience, note. 4. Remark, comment. 5. Observance. Observe, v. a. I. Notice, remark^ note, watch, eye, mark, take note of, pay attention to. 2. See, behold, notice, perceive, detect, dis- cover. 3. Utter, express, remark, mention, say. 4. Fulfil, obey, follow, comply with, conform to, adhere to, be faithful ta 5. Celebrate, regard, keep, solemnize. Observe, v. n. i. Take notice, attend. 2. Make a remark, comment. Observer, «. I. Beholder, spectator, bystander, on-looker, looker-on. 2. Regarder, keeper. 3. Student, examiner, watcher. 4. Fulfiller, performer, keeper. Obsolete, a- Antiquated, disused, neglected, un- fashionable, old-fashioned, out of date, fallen into desuetude, ancient, antique, old, archaic, past. Obstacle, n. Hindrance, obstruction, impediment, difficulty, check, barrier, stumbling-block. Obstetrician, «. Midwife, accoucheur. Obstetrics, «. //. Midwifery, tocology. Obstinacy, n. I. Stubbornness, doggedness, headiness, wilfulness, perversity, contumacy, ob- duracy, inflexibility, pertinacity, persistency, firmness, resoluteness. 2. Fixedness, immovability, stubbornness, te- nacity, tenaciousness. Obstinate, a. I. Stubborn, dogged, contuma- cious, unyielding, inflexible, perverse, mulish, opinionated, opinionative, wilful, heady, head- strong, refractory, unruly, cross-grained, intrac- table, obdurate, persistent, self-willed, immov- able, firm, resolute, pertinacious. 2. Unyielding, immovable, stubborn, tena- cious. ObstreperottS, a. Loud, noisy, clamorous, turbu- lent, tumultuous, boisterous, uproarious. Obstruct, V. a. I. Close, bar, stop, choke, block- ade, barricade, block up, dam up. 2. Hinder, impede, oppose, stop, prevent. 3. Retard, interrupt, check, clog, embarrass, arrest. Obstruction, n. I. Hindrance, obstacle, impedi- ment, barrier, check, difficulty, bar. 19 2. Check, hindrance, embarrassment, clog, in- terruption. Obtain, v. a. Procure, get, acquire, achieve, gain, win, earn, secure, get possession of, attain. Obtain, v. n. Hold goud, subsist, continue in use, be received, become prevalent, be estab- lished. Obtest, V. a. I. Beseech, implore, conjure, sup- plicate, beg, invoke, entreat, pray, solicit, im- portune, conjure, adjure. 2. Beg for, supplicate. Obtrude, v. a. Intrude, thrust in, press in, foist in, worm in, interfere. Obtrusive, a. Intrusive, forward, officious, in- clined to obtrude. Obtuse, a. I. B,unt. 2. Dull, stupid, stolid, doltish, blockish, stock- ish, heavy, slow, unintelligent, unintellectual, dull-witted, blunt-witted. 3. Dull, obscure, deadened, muffled. Obtuseness, ». I. Bluntness. 2. Dulness, stupidity, stolidity, doltishness, obtusion, obtusity. 3. Dulness, obscurity. Obviate, v. a. Preclude, prevent, turn aside, re- move, provide against Obvious, a. I. Open, exposed, liable, subject, obnoxious. 2. Plain, evident, manifest, clear, palpable, visible, p.itent, apparent, unmistakable, percep- tible, distinct, self-evident. Occasion, n. I. Occurrence, incident, casualty, event. 2. Opportunity, convenience, juncture, con- juncturej opening, suitable time, favorable time, nick of time, golden opportunity. 3. Necessity, need, exigency, requirement, want. 4. Cause (Jncidental)^ ground, reason. 5. Motive, reason, inducement, influence. 6. Circumstances, jiincture, exigency. Occasion, v. a. I. Cause, produce, originate, breed, create, bring about, give rise to, give oc- casion to. bring to pass, be the cause of. 2. Induce, influence, persuade, move. Occasional, a. I. Incidental, accidental, casual, irregular. 2. Causative, causing. Occasionally, ad. Sometimes, casually, at times, now and then. Occasive, a. Falling, setting, descending, western. Occident, «. West. Occidental, a. Western. Occult, a. Hidden, secret, unrevealed, invisible, unknown, undiscovered, undetected, mysterious, mystic, mystical, recondite, cabalistic, latent, abstruse, veiled, shrouded. Occultation, «. Eclipse, occulting. Occupancy, «. Possession ij^or the time), tenure, holding, use, occupation, enjoyment. Occupant, «. Possessor {for the time), occupier, holder, tenant. Occupation, n. I. Possession, holding tenure, use, occupancy. 2. Business, engagement, employment. 3. Employment, business, calling, vocation, avocation, profession, pursuit, trade, craft, walk of life. Occupy, V. a. I. Possess {/or the time), keep, hold, have possession of. 2. Cover, fill, take up, possess. 3. Employ, use. 4. Follow, pursue, be engaged with. 5. Employ, busy, engage. Occur, V. n. I. Appear, arise, oflFer, come into view, present itself, be met with, meet the eye, be found. OCCURRENCE 290 OFTEN 2. Come to one's mind, come into one's head, flash on the mind, present itself, appear. 3. Befall, happen, fall out, take place, come about, come to pass. Occurrence, «. Incident, event, accident, casualty, adventure, affair, transaction, proceeding. Ocean, «. I. Sea, main, deep, great deep, great sea, high sea. 2. Immense expanse, infinity. Oceanic, a. Marine, pelagic, Neptunian. OciUocracy, n. Mobocracy, mob-government. Octagon, «. Eight-sided figure. Octagonal, a. Eight-sided, eight-angled. Octopus, «. Cuttlefish, ink-fish, squid {Sepia offi- cinalis). Octuple, a. Eightfold. Od, «• Odyle, odyllic force, odic force, odyl. Odd, a. I. Uneven, not divisible by 2. 2. Unmatched, single {of a pair or set). 3. Supernumerary, redundant, left over {from a specified number)^ additional, remaining. 4. Unheeded. 5. Retired, secluded. 6. Incidental, casual, fragmentary. 7. Unsuitable, inappropriate, queer. 8. Singular, unusual, extraordinary, queer, quaint, strange, uncommon, eccentric, fantasiic, whimsical, peculiar, unique, comical, droll, gro- tesque, extravagant, out of the way, bizarre. Oddity, «. Singularity, strangeness, queerness. Oddly, ad. Strangely, unusually, irregularly, sin- gularly, uncouthly. Odds, n. sing, and //. I. Difference, disparity, inequality. 2. Probability. 3. Advantage, superiority, supremacy. Odds and ends. Fragments, remnants, scraps, refuse. Ode, «. Lyric poem. Odious, a. I, Hateful, detestable, execrable, abominable, shocking. 2. Hateful, invidious. 3. Hated, obnoxious, unpopular. 4. Disagreeable, offensive, disgusting, repul- sive, loathsome, forbidding. Odium, «. I. Hatred, hate, dislike, enmity, ab- horrence, detestation, antipathy. 2. Odiousness, repulsiveness. 3. Obloquy, opprobrium, reproach. Odontalgia, «. {Med.) Toothache, odontalgy. Odor, «• Scent {good or bad), smell, perfume, fragrance, redolence. Odoriferous, | a. Fragrant, perfumed, balmy, Odorous, ( aromatic, sweet-smelling, sweet- scented, odorant. gg}^^ } n. Od, odyllic force. CEcumenical, a. See Ecumenical. (Esophagus, n. Gullet. Off, prep. I. Not on, not upon. 2. Against, opposite, opposite to, distant from, along, facing. Off, a. I. Most distant, on the farther side. 2. Right side, right hand. Off, ad. I. Away. 2. From, away. 3. Over, done. Offal, n. I. Garbage. 2. Waste, refuse, rubbish. 3. Carrion. Offence, «. I. Attack, assault, aggression, onset (in the expression '■''•weapons of offence'"). 2. Hurt, harm, injury. 3. Displeasure, anger, indignation, wrath, umbrage, resentment. 4. Injury, injustice, affront, wrong, insult, in- dignity, outrage. S. Trespass, transgression, misdeed, delin- quency, misdemeanor, crime, sin, fault. Offend, V. a. I, Affront, displease, vex, chafe, annoy, irritate, provoke, nettle, mortify, fret, gall, give offence to, make angry. 2. Shock, wound, pain, annoy, molest. Offend, V. n. I. Give offence. 2. Transgress, sin, do wrong, commit offence, stumble, err, fall. 3. Take offence, be scandalized. Offender, «. I. Transgressor, culprit, trespasser, delinquent. 2. Convict, felon, criminal, malefactor. Offensive, a. I. Aggressive, assailant, attacking, invading. 2. Disgusting, nauseating, nauseous, sicken- ing, loathsome, repulsive. 3. Disagreeable, unpleasant, unpalatable, dis- pleasing, revolting, shocking, abominable, detest- able, hateful, execrable, obnoxious. 4. Irritating, disagreeable, unpleasant, imper- tinent, rude, saucy, opprobrious, insolent, insult- ing, abusive. Offer, V. a. I. Present, tender, proffer. 2. Exhibit, proffer, put forward. 3. Furnish, propose, propound, show, give, move. 4. Sacrifice, immolate, present. 5. Bid {as price). Offer, V. n. I. Occur, present itself, be at hand. 2. Volunteer, propose, make an offer. 3. Make an attempt, venture, dare, essay, endeavor. Offer, n. I. Proposal, proposition, proffer, ten- der, overture. 2. Bid. 3. Attempt, endeavor, essay. Offering, «. Sacrifice, oblation. Off-hand, a. Unpremeditated, unstudied, extem- pore, free and easy, impromptu. Ofl-hand, ad. Extempore, at the moment, on the spur of the moment, without premeditation or study, readily, with ease, impromptu. Office, «. I. Work, service, duty, customary duty. 2. Station {conferred by authority), post, situ- ation, place, position, berth. 3. Charge, trust, business, employment, duty, service, function, capacity. 4. Place of business, room, bureau. 5. Service, act of worship, formulary of devo- tion. 6. Company, corporation. Officer, «. Official, functionary, magistrate. Official, a. Authoritative, by authority. Official, «. Functionary, officer, magistrate. Officiate, v. n. Act, serve, perform. Officious, a. Meddlesome, interfering, intermed- dling, obtrusive, busy, pragmatical, meddling, pushing forward. Offscourmg, «. Refuse, sweepings, dirt, scum, dross, recrement, rubbish, offscum. Offset, n, I. Sprout, shoot, slip, branch, offshoot, twig, scion. 2. Counterpoise, counterbalance, set-off, equiv- alent. Offshoot, «. Shoot, branch, offset. Offspring, «. I. Issue, progeny, child or children, descendant or descendants, posterity. 2. Production. Offuscate, v. a. See Obfuscate. Of old. Anciently, a long while ago, in the olden time, in ancient times, in days of yore, long ago, in days long gone, formerly. Oft, ad. {Poetical:) Often, frequently. Often, ad. Frequently, repeatedly, many times, oftentimes, ofttimes {poetical). OF THE FIRST WATER 291 ON THE ANVIL Of the first water. Of the first or highest excel- lence {said of a gem ). Ogee, n. (^Arch.) Cymatium, cyma. Ogle, n. Side glance, leer, fond look. Ogre, n. Monster, spectre, goblin, hobgoblin, bugbear, frightful object. Oh for. Oh that I had, would that I had. Oiliness, «. Unctuousness, greasiness. Oil of ■vitriol. Sulphuric acid, vitriolic acid. Oil-plant, n. Sesame, benne, oily-grain (Sesa- mum). Oil-seed, «. Castor-bean. Oil-skin, n. Waterproof cloth, dreadnaught. Oily, a. I. Unctuous, greasy, oleaginous, seba- ceous, fatty, fat, oleose, oleous. 2. Unctuous, smooth, glib, lubricous, oleagi- Dous, supple-chapped, plausible. 3. Supple, compliant, subservient. Ointment, «. Unguent. Okra, n. [Written also Ochra, Ocra, and Okro.'] Gumbo {A belmoschus tsculentus). Old, a. I. Aged, elderly, of advanced age, ad- vanced in years. 2. Ancient, antique, antiquated, old-fashioned, olden. 3. Of long date, not new. 4. Going to decay, worn out, good for nothing, decayed. 5. Ancient, pristine, primitive, originaL 6. Former, pre-existing, preceding. 7. Experienced, practised, skilled. 8. Long-cultivated, fertile, rich. 9. Thoughtful, sensible, intelligent. 10. Crafty, cunning, sly, wise, shrewd, saga- cious (coUoq.). 11. Aged, antiquated, bad, mean. Old age. Senility, oldness. Olden, a. Ancient, old. Old-fashioned, a. Antiquated, antique, ancient, old, archaic, out of fashion, out of date. Oldness, n. I. Antiquity. 2. Age, old age. Old-time, a. Former, quondam, late, in former times. Old-womanish, a. Anile, aged, doting, imbecile, decrepit, superannuated. Old-world, a. Antiquated, old-fashioned. Oleaginous, a. Oily, unctuous, greasy, sebaceous, adipose, fatty, fat. Oleander, «. Rose-bay {Nerium oleander)'. Olfactory, a. Smelling Olibantun, «. Frankincense {fifth* ancients). Olio, «. I. Stew, ragout. 2. Medley, mixture, jumble, farrago, hodge- podge, hotch-potch, salmagundi, gallimaufry. 3. (Mus.) Miscellany, mixed collection. Olive, a. Olive-green, brownish-green, olivaceous, olivaster, olive-colored, brownish, tawny. Olla-podrida, « [Sp.) Mixture, medley, olio. Ombrometer, ». Rain-gauge, pluviameter, udom- eter. Omen, «. Prognostic, presage, augury, foreboding, portent, auspice, sign. Omentum, ff. {A not.) Caul, epiploSn. Ominous, /z. Portentous, monitory, premonitory, inauspicious, unpropitious. Omission, n. Failure, neglect, default, oversight. Omit, V. a. I. Leave out, drop. 2. Neglect, miss, let slip, let go, pass by, dis- regard, pretermit. Omnibus, «. Stage, stagecoach. Omnipotence, n. I. Almighty power. 2. God, the Omnipotent. 3. Unlimited power. Omnipotent, a. Almiehtv. all-powerful. Omnipotent, «. [With 7"A* prefixed.] God, the Almighty. Omnipresence, n. Ubiquity, universal presence. Omnipresent, a. Ubiquitous, universally present, ubiquitary. Onniscience, «• I. Infinite wisdom, boundless knowledge, omnisciency. 2. God, the Omnipotent. Omniscient, a. Infinitely wise, all-wise, all- knowing, all-seeing. Omnivorous, a. All-devouring, pantophagous. Omoplate, n. Shoulder-blade, shoulder-bone, scapula. On, /r^/. Upon. On, ad. I. Forward, onward. 2. Forward, in succession. 3. In continuance, without interruption, with- out ceasing. 4. Steady, adhering. 5. Attached, put on, upon the body. On account of. By reason of, by virtue of, in consequence of. On all fours. I. On four legs. 2. Evenly balanced, quite parallel, quite sym- metrical. On all hands. By all parties, by everybody. On an average. Taking a mean of all cases. taking the average. Onanism, n. Masturbation, self-i>ollution, self- abuse, secret vice. On a par. On a level, on an equality. On a sudden. Suddenly. Once, ad. I. One time. 2. Formerly. Once and again. Repeatedly, at repeated times. Once in a way. Once and no more, on rare occasions. On-COminST, a. Approaching, nearing. On-dit» «. [Fr.] Rumor, report, bruit, flying report. One, a. I. Single, individual. 2. The same, common, single in kind. 3. United, undivided. 4. Some, any. One, n. I. Unit 2. Individual, person, human being. One-beny, n. True-love, herb-paris (Paris quadrifolid). One day. Some day, sooner or later, one of these days. On end. Erect, upright. Oneness, n. Individuality, unity, singleness. One of these days. Some day, one day, sooner or later. Onerous, a. Burdensome, oppressive, heavy, weighty, hard, difficult. One-mded, a. Partial, unjust, unfair, prejudiced. On exhibition. Displayed, exhibited, on view. On fire. Burning, aflame. On hand. In possession, in store. On high. Aloft On horseback. On a horse's back, riding. On-looker, n. Spectator, beholder, observer, by- stander, looker-on. Only, a. Sole, solitary, alone, single. Only, ad. I. Merely, barely, simply, and nothing else. 2. Solely, no other than. 3. Singly, without more. Only, conj. But, excepting that. On sale. For sale, to be sold, oflered for sale. Onset, ) n. Attack, assault, charge, storm. Onslaught, ) storming, first brunt. On stilts. Pretentious, pompous, bombastic. On tap. Tapped, broached, abroach. On the alert. Watching, watchful, attentive, vigilant, on the lookout. On the anvil. In preparation, in progress, in process. ON THE CONTRARY 292 OPPORTUNE On the contrary. I. In opposition, on the other side. 2. So far from being so, it is just the reverse ; it is quite otherwise. On the docket. In hand, under consideration. On the lookout. Watchful, watching, on the alert. On the mend* Convalescent, recovering. On the passaee. On the way, en route. On the qui Vive. On the alert. On the score of. On account of. On the sly. Furtively, slyly. On the spot. Immediately, instantly, at once. On the way. On the passage, en route. On the whole. All things considered, in view of ail the circumstances, taking everything into account, upon the whole. On the wing. I. Flying, in flight. 2. Departing. On tick. {Collog.) On credit. OnnSf n. [L.] Burden. On view. On exhibition. Onw^ds I ^' ^°''w^''<^» **'* advance, on, ahead. Onward, a. I. Advancing. 2. P'orward, advanced, improved. 3. Conducting. OoUte, «. I. Egg-stone. 2. Roestone. 3. Pisolite, pea-grit, pea-stone. Ooze> n. Mire, slime, mud. Ooze, V. n. Percolate, filter, transude, exude, strain, drain, leak. Ooze, V. a. Drip, drop, shed, distil. Oozy, a. Miry, slimy, muddy. Opacity, «. I. Opaqueness, want of transpar- ency. 2. Darkness, obscurity. Opalescence, ». Iridescence, lustre. C^alescent, a. Iridescent, irisated, polychro- matic, nacreous. Opaque, a. Not transparent. Opaqueness, «. Opacity, want of transparency. Ope, V. a. and v. n. {Poetical.) Open. (^n, V. a. I. Unclose, lay open, make open, render free of access. 2. Spread, expand. 3. Exhibit, explain, interpret. 4. Begin, commence, enter upon, initiate. 5. Show, bring to knowledge. 6. Reveal, disclose 7. Make liberal, liberalize. Open, V. n. I. Part, be unclosed, be parted, be sundered, be severed. 2* Come into view, begin to appear. 3. Begin, commence. Open, a. I. Unclosed, uncovered. 2. Expanded, extended, unclosed, spread. 3. Frank, unreserved, candid, ingenuous, un- disguised, undesigning, artless, undissembling, sincere, guileless, fair, honest, single-minded, above-board, open-hearted, hearty, cordial. 4. Liberal, generous, munificent, bountiful, open-handed, free, bounteous. 5. Exposed, unprotected, undefended. 6. Clear, unobstructed. 7. Unenclosed, accessible, public, unrestricted, free to all. 8. Unsettled, not adjusted. 9. Mild, moderate. 10. Plain, evident, apparent, laid bare, ob- vious. 11. Fully prepared, attentive. 12. Undetermined, to be debated, debatable. Open-eyed, a. Watchful, vigilant, alert. Open-handed, a. Generous, liberal, munificent, bountiful, open. Open-hearted, a. Candid, frank, artless, guile- less, open, sincere, ingenuous, honest, gener- ous. Opening, a. First, commencing, introductory, initiatory. Opening, «. I. Aperture, hole, orifice, perfora- tion, breach, chasm, cleft, gap, fissure, rent, rift, flaw. 2. Beginning, commencement, dawn, first ap- pearance. 3. Opportunity, chance, vacancy. Openly, ad. I. Publicly. 2. Candidly, frankly, plainly. Open-mouthed, a. i. Gaping. 2. Greedy, ravenous. 3. Clamorous, vociferous. Openness, «. I. Clearness. 2. Unreservedness, plainness. 3. Frankness, candor, honesty, ingenuous- ness- 4. Mildness, pleasantness, fair weather. Opera-glass, «. Lorgnette. Operate, v. n. [Followed by on or upon."] Act, work, have effect, have influence. Operate, v. a. I. Produce, effect, cause, occa- sion. 2. Work. Operation, «. I. Action, agency. 2. Influence, effect, action, force. 3. Performance, procedure, process, proceed- ing, manipulation. 4. Movement, motion, manoeuvre. Operative, a. I. Acting, active, in action, in operation. 2. Effective, efficient, effectual, efficacious, serviceable, vigorous. 3. Practical. Operative, «. Laborer, artisan, laboring man, workman. Operator, «. I. Doer, actor, performer, agent, executor. 2. Manipulator. Operose, a. I. Laborious, toilsome, hard, oner- ous, burdensome, difficult- 2. Wearisome, tedious, irksome. Ophite, n. {Mm.) I. Serpentine, ophiolite. 2. Verd-antique marble. 3. Green porphyry, oriental verd-antique. Ophiuchus,-». Serpent-bearer {Ser/entartus). Ophthalmia, n. [L.] See Ophthalmv. Ophthalmy, «. {Med.) Ophthalmia, inflamma- tion of the eye. Opiate, ». Anodyne, narcotic, sedative. Opiate, a. Soporiferous, somniferous, narcotic, anodynous, sedative. Opine, V. n. Think, judge, believe, suppose, con- ceive, apprehend, fancy, presume, take it, be of opinion, have an opinion, ween. Opinion, n. I. Judgment, notion, view, idea, conception, impression, sentiment. 2. Estimate. 3. Belief, persuasion. 4. Estimation, favorable judgment, esteem. Opinionated, a. Conceited, dogmatical, opinion- ative, stiff or stubborn in opinion, opinioned. Opinionative, a. See Opinionated. Opponent, «. Antagonist, adversary, rival, com- petitor, enemy, foe, adverse party, opposer, opposite. Opponent, a. I. Opposing, antagonistic, adverse, repugnant, contrary. 2. Opposite. 3. Opposing, rival, emulous. Opportune, a. Seasonable, convenient, timely, fit, suitable, favorable, propitious, auspicious, fortunate, lucky, well-timed, felicitous, appro- priate. OPPORTUNELY 293 ORDINARY 0]>portimel7, ad. Seasonably, in the nick of time, all in good time, in the fulness of time, apropos. Opportunity* «. Chance ; fit, suitable, or favor- able lime ; good chance, fitting occasion, nick of time, occasion, time. Oppose, V. a. I. Resist, withstand, confront, contravene, thwart, oppugn, combat, strive against, set one's face against, make a stand against. 2. Check, withstand, prevent, obstruct. 3. Set against, put in opposiiion. 4. Contradict, gainsay, deny. Opposed* a. I. Opposite, opponent 2. Antagonistic, hostile, adverse, opposite. Opposing;, a. Conflicting, counteracting, antag- onistic, adverse, opposite, hostile, inimical. Opposite* o- I. Facing, over against, fronting. 2. Contrary, diverse, unlike, incompatible, in- consistent, irreconcilable. 3. Adverse, opposed, opposing, antagonistic, hostile, inimical, repugnant. Opposition* n. I. Contrariety, repugnance, di- versity, inconsistency. 2. Counteraction, hostility, resistance. 3. Obstacle, obstruction. Oppress* V. a. I. Load, burden, weigh heavily upon, bear hard upon. 2. Overburden, crush, overwhelm, overpower, subdue. 3. Persecute, wrong, maltreat, treat cruelly, tyrannize over. Oppression* n. I. Hardship, misery, suffering, calamity. 2. Tyranny, severity, cruelty, injustice, perse- cution. 3. Depression, lassitude, heaviness, dulness. Oppressive* a. I. Burdensome, severe. 2. Heavy, overwhelming, overpowering. 3. Tyrannical, cruel, severe, hard, rigorous, inhuman, grinding, galling. 4. Close, uncomfortable. Oppressor* n. Tyrant. Opprobrious* a. I. Reproachful, scurrilous, abusive, vituperative, insolent, condemnatory, damnatory, scandalous, contemptuous, ofifensive, insulting. 2. Infamous, despised, shameful, dishonorable, disgraceful, disreputable, hateful. Opprobrium* n. I. Scurrility, abusive language, contemptuous reproaches, contumely. 2. Reproach, disgrace, infamy, ignominy, ob- loquy, odium. Oppugn* V. a. Assail, attack, combat, resist, oppose, thwart, contravene, withstand, strive against. Optic* n. Eve. Option, «. Choice, election, preference, selection. Optional* a. Discretional, elective. Opulence* «. Wealth, affluence, rich-s, fortune, independence, easy circumstances, ample means, opulency. Opulent a. Wealthy, rich, affluent, flush, mon- eyed, well off. Oracle* «. I. Divine communication. 2. {.JrwUh History.) Sanctuary, Holy of Holies. 3. {.Greek History^ Deity or god {from whom divine communications come). 4. Sage, prophet, Solomon, Nestor, wise man, master-mind, shining light. Oracular* a. I. Prophetic, portentous, ominous. 2. Authoritative, magisterial, positive, dogmat- ical. 3. Sage, wise, grave, venerable. 4. Obscure, ambiguous, dark, blind, equivocal. Oral* a. Spoken, verbal, nuncupative, parole, vocal. Orally* ad. By word of mouth, in words, vocally, verbally, viva voce. Oration* n. Discourse, address, speech, harangue, declamation. Orator, «. Public speaker, eloquent speaker. Oratorical* a. Klietoncal, eloquent. Oratory, w. I. Eloquence, art of speaking well {in public), rhetoric, elocution. 2. Eloquence, eloquent language, exercise of eloquence. Orb, n. I. Globe, sphere, ball. 2. Circle, orbit, circuit, ring. 3. Wheel, disk, circle. 4. Revolution, period. Orbicular* a. I. Spherical, globular, globated, globous, globose, round, orbed, orbic. 2. Circular, orbed, round. Orbit, «. I. Orb, circular path {of a celestial body). 2. {Ariat.) Cavity of the eye. Orchestra* n. I. Place for musicians {as in a tJieatre). 2. Band of instrumental musicians {in an or- chestra). Orchotomy* ». {Med.) Emasculation, castration. Ordain* v. a. I. Appoint, call, elect, consecrate, destine, set apart. 2. Establish, institute, regulate. 3. Decree, enact, order, prescribe, enjoin. 4. Appoint^ constitute. Ordeal, «. Tnal, test, touchstone, proof, assay, experiment, scrutiny, probation. Order, «. I. Method, regularity, symmetry, reg- ular arrangement, disposition. 2. Fit condition, proper state. 3. Regulation, rule, canon, prescription, law, standing rule. 4. Regular government, public tranquillity, peace, quiet, discipline. 5. Mandate, precept, injunction, command, direction, instruction. 6. Rank, class, grade, degree, kind. 7. {Bot. ) Family, tribe. 8* (Zo'dl) Sub-class, subordinate class. 9. Fraternity, society, brotherhood, commo« nity, class. 10. Commission, direction. 11. Succession, sequence. Order, v. a. I. Regulate, arrange, systematize, adjust, methodize. 2. Manage, conduct, carry on. 3. Command, instruct, direct, bid, require, give an order to. 4. Ordain. Orderly, a. I. Regular, methodical, systematic. 2. Peaceable, quiet, well-behaved. 3. Well-regulated. Orders* n.pl. Holy orders, office of the Christian ministry, the sacred profession, ecclesiastical office. Ordinance, n. I. Decree, edict, law, enactment, statute, rule, regulation, command, prescript, order, appointment. 2. Rite, ceremony, observance, sacrament. Ordinarily* ad. I. Commonly, usually, gene- rally. 2. Customarily, habitually. Ordinary* a. I. Customary, settled, established, wonted, every-day, regular, normal, accustomed. 2. Common, usual, fi-equent, habitual. 3. Common, usual. 4. Mean, inferior, commonplace, indifferent, mediocre. 5. Plain, homely, commonplace. ORDINARV^ 294 OUT Ordinary, «. I. Eating-house {where a tneal is offered at a settled price). 2. Public table, taite d'hbte. Ordination, n. I. Cunsecration, iuduction, insti- tution. 2. Tendency, foreordination. Ordnance, «. Cannon, great guns, artillery. Ordure, «. Dung, excrement, fasces. Oread, «. Mountain nymph. Organ, n. I. Instrument, means. 2. Medium, instrument, means of communica- tion. 3. Voice, vocal organs. Organic, I a. I. Radical, fundamental, consti- Organical, ) tutional, vital. 2. Organized, systematized. 3. Instrumental. Organism, n. I. Organic structure. 2. Organization, organized being, organized existence. Organization, «. I. Construction, constitution, organizing, forming, making. 2. Organism, organized being, organized exist- ence, organic structure. Organize, v. a. I. Constitute ipy assignment of parts), dispose or arrange in parts {/or special /unctiofis), construct, form, make, shape, frame, adjust. 2. Arrange, establish, systematize. Orgies, «. //. Revels, bacchanals, saturnalia, carousal, revelry, wassail, debauch, drunken bout. Orient, a. I, Rising. 2. Eastern, oriental. 3. Bright, shining, glittering, sparkling, bril- liant. 4. Perfect, precious, faultless. Orient, « I. East. 2. Morning land, Asia, East, Oriental, a. I. Eastern, orient. 2. Precious, valuable, perfect. Orifice, «. Hole, aperture, perforation, pore, vent, mouth. Origin, «. I. Source, rise, spring, fountain, foun- tain-head, beginning, commencement, derivation, root, foundation, birth, cradle, original, starting- point. 2. Cause, occasion, derivation, root, founda- tion, fountain, spring. Original, a. ^ I. Primitive, aboriginal, primeval, primary, primordial, pristine, first. 2. Untranslated. 3. Inventive, creative. Original, n. I. Source, spring, origin, cause, commencement. 2. Archetype, model, pattern, tj'pe, prototype, protoplast, exemplar, first copy. 3. {Colloq.) Oddity, eccentric person. Originate, v. a. Create, bring into existence, be the author of, be the cause of, give rise to, cause to be. Originate, v. n. Arise, rise, begin, spring, pro- ceed, emanate, flow, take its rise. Originator, «. Inventor, author, maker, creator, father, former, first cause. Orison, «. {Poetical.) Prayer, supplication, peti- tion, solicitation. Ormoltl, n. Mosaic gold. Ornament, n. Embellishment, decoration, adorn- ment, ornamentation. Ornament, v. a. Decorate, adorn, embellish, beautify, garnish, bedeck, grace, emblazon, deck. Ornamental, a. Embellishing, serving for orna- ment. Ornate, a. Ornamented, embellished, decorated, bedecked, adorned, rich-wrought, highly wrought, florid. Omitliorynclius, «. {ZoU.) Duck-bUl, tambreet. Orotund, a. Roiind, rich, full, sonorous, mellow, musical, clear, ringing. Orreiy, «. Planetarium. Orsedew, ) «. Mannheim gold, Dutch gold, Orsedue, j" Dutch foil, Dutch leaf, Dutch metal, Dutch mineral. Orthoclase, «. Potash-felspar, orthose, prismatic felspar, felspar. Orthodox, a. Sound {in religious opinions), of the true faith. Orthodoxy, «. True faith, soundness of doctrine. Orthoganal, a. Rectangular, right-angled, per- pendicular. Orthograpliy, n. Spelling. Ortive, a. Rising, eastern. OrtS, n. pi. Fragments, scraps, refuse, odds and ends. Oscillate, v. n. I. Swing, vibrate, sway, move to and fro, move backward and forward. 2. Vary, fluctuate. Oscillation, n. Vibration, swinging. Oscillatory, a. Vibratory, swinging, oscillating, vibrating, oscillative. Oscitancy, n. I. Gaping, yawning, oscitation. 2. Sleepiness, drowsiness, dulness. Oscitate, v. n. Gape, yawn. Osculant, a. I. Kissing, osculatory, osculating. 2. {Ent.) Embracing, adhering. Osculate, v. a. I. Kiss. 2. {Geom.) Touch. Osier, n. I. Willow, water-willow. 2. Wicker, withe, willow twig. Osseous, a. Bony. Ossuary, n. Charnel-house. Ostensible, a. I, Shown, declared, avowed, as- signed, manifest, apparent, exhibited, presented, visible. 2. Specious, plausible, colorable, pretended, professed. Ostentation, «. I. Display, show, parade, pomp, flourish, dash, pomposity, pompousness, pa- geantry, high pretension, vaunting. 2. Semblance, appearance, show. Ostentatious, a. I. Boastful, vain, showy, dash- ing, flaunting, pompous, vain-glorious, fond of display, pretentious. 2. Showy, gaudy. Ostentatiously, ad. Showily, pompously, boast- fully, with a flourish of trumpets, with beat of drum. Ostier, «. See Hostler. Ostracism, n. Banishment, expulsion, exclusion, excommunication, separation. Ostracize, v. a. Banish, exile, put under the ban. otS&?}«- (^^^J ^^^■^^^^- Otherwise, ad. I. Differently, not so. 2. Other causes. 3. In other respects. Otherwise, conj. Else, but for this. Otiose, a. Idle, unemployed, indolent. Ottoman, «. Turk. Ottoman, a. Turkish. Oust, V. a. Eject, expel, dislodge, turn out, dis- possess, evict. Out, ad. I. On the outside, without. 2. Abroad, not at home, gone out. 3. Revealed, public, disclosed. 4. Finished, exhausted, used up. 5. Lacking, wanting, deficient m. 6. Extinguished. 7. To the end, through. 8. Thoroughly, completely, fully. 9. Loudly, aloud, outright, audibly. 10. At a loss, in a puzzle, confused. 11. Away, off. 12. Uncovered. OUT AND OUT 295 OUTWEIGH Oat and out. !.• {Colloq.) Completely, thor- oughly, utterly, wholly. 2. (Colloq) Complete, thorough, consum- mate, unqualified, thorough-paced, extreme, ab- solute, perfect. Outbalance, v. a. Overweigh, overbalance, over- poise, outweigh, Ontbreak, n. I. Eruption, explosion, outburst, ebullition. 2. Riot, row, fray, afiTray, broil, conflict, breach of the peace, commotion. 3. Manifestation. Otltborst, n. Eruption, outbreak. Outcast, «. I. Exile. 2. Reprobate, castaway, vagabond, Pariah, abandoned wretch. Outcome, «. Issue, result, consequence. Outcrop, n. (Geol.) I. Basseting, cropping out. 2. Basset, basset-edge, crop. Outcry, «. I. Cry, scream, screech, yell. 2. Clamor, vociferation, noise, hue and cry, tumult. 3. Auction, public sale. Outdo, V. a. Excel, surpass, exceed, beat, out- strip, outvie, outgo, go beyond, be superior to. Outdoor, a. Exterior, open-air, out-of-door, ex- traforaneous. Outdoors, ad. Abroad, out-of-doors, in the open air, out of the house. Outer, a. Exterior, external. Outface, V. a. Brave, look out of countenance, stare down. Outfit, «. Equipment. Outflow, «. Efflux, effusion, flow, outpouring. Outgo, V. a. I. Outstrip, go beyond. 2. Surpass, excel, exceed, outdo, outvie, beat, be superior to. 3. Circumvent, overreach Outgo, n. Expenditure, outlay, outgoing. Outgrowth, n. Offshoot, result Out-Herod Herod. Be very extravagant, overdo the matter, surpass. Outing, n. Excursion, airing. Outlandish, a. I. Foreign, strange, exotic, alien, from abroad. 2. Barbarous, strange, uncouth, queer, bizarre. Outlaw, n. Robber, bandit, brigand, freebooter, highwayman, marauder. Outlaw, V. a. Proscribe. Outlay, «. Expenditure, outgo. Outlet, n. Exit, egress, vent. Outline, n. I. Contour. 2. Outline drawing. 3. Sketch, plan, draf^ delineation, drawing, rough draft. Outlive, V a. Survive, live longer than. Outlook, «. I. Watch. 2. Prospect, view, sight 3. Foresight. 4. Watch-tower, lookout. Outlying, a. I. Remote, distant. 2. Exterior, frontier, bounding. Outmost, a. Remotest, farthest, outermost. Out of. I. From. 2. By means of, in consequence of, induced by. 3. Not in. 4. Abroad, not within. 5. Beyond. Out of character. Inappropriate, improper, un- suitable, out of keeping, out of place, in bad taste. Out of conceit with. Tired of, no longer fond of, no longer pleased with. Out of date. Antiquated, antique, archaic, obso- lete, old-fashioned, out of fashion, gone by, fallen into desuetude. Out-of-doors, ad Abroad, outdoors, in the open air, out of the house. Out of fashion. See Out of date. Out of hand. Immediately, forthwith, at once. Out of humor. Irritated, ruffled, vexed, angry, sullen, peevish, out of temper, out of tune. Out of joint. I. Dislocated. 2. Disordered, displaced, going wron^. Out of season. Inopportunely, at an miproper time. Out of sorts. I« 111, unwell, ailing, sick, indis- posed, laid up. 2. {Printing.) Without an assortment of types. Out of temper. See Out of humor. Out of the frying-pan into the fire. From bad to worse. Out-of-the-way, a. I. Remote, secluded, un- frequented. 2. Uncommon, unusual, singular, strange, rare. Out of tune. I. Harsh, discordant, inharmonious, not in tune. 2. Irritated, ruffled, out of humor. oStSf^ding.} Plane, even, level, flat. Outpouring, «. Effusion, efflux, outflow. Outrage, n. Insult, affront, indignity, abuse, offence. Outrage, v. a. Insult, abuse, maltreat, offend, sho«, injure. Outrageous, a. I. Furious, violent, turbulent, abusive, raging, wild, mad, frantic, infuriate, frenzied. 2. Atrocious, heinous, villanous, enormous, monstrous, nefarious. 3. Excessive, exorbitant, enormous, extrava- gant, unwarrantable. Outre, a. [Fr.] Extravagant, excessive, exorbi- tant, immoderate, inordmate, overstrained. Outright, ad. I. Immediately, instantly, at once, without delay. 2. Completely, utteriy, entirely, wholly, alto- gether. Outrival, V. a. Surpass, excel. Outrun, V. a. Exceed, surpass, outstrip, outgo, beat, go beyond. Outset; n. Beginning, commencement, opening, startmg-point, start, entrance. Outshine, v. a. Eclipse, surpass, overshadow, throw into shadow. Outside, n. I. Exterior, surface, superficies, ex- ternal part, externality. 2. Utmost, farthest limit. Outside, a. Exterior, external, outward, outer, on the surface, superficial. Outskirt, H. Suburb, border, precinct, purlieu, outpost. Outspoken, a. Plain, frank, candid, unreserved. Outspread, a Extended, expanded, outstretched, unfolded. Outstanding, a. Unsettled, unpaid, owing, due, uncollected, ungathered. Outstep, V. a. Exceed, overstep, transgress. Outstretch, v. a. Extend, expand, outspread. Outstrip, V. a. I. Outgo, outrun, go beyond, outspeed, distance. 2. Excel, surpass, exceed, outvie, outdo, beat. Outvie, V. a. Excel, exceed, surpass, outdo, out- strip. Outward, o. I. External, exterior, outer, outside. 2. External, visible, showing, appearing, ap- parent, superficial. 3. Adventitious, extrinsic, extraneous. 4. Civil, public. 5. Carnal, fleshly, corporeal. Outweigh, V. a. Overbalance, overpoise, ore^^ weigh. OUTWIT 296 OVERSEE Outwit^ V. a. I. Outgeneral, out-manceuvre, baffle, steal a march upon. 2. Overreach, cheat, dupe, deceive, circum- vent, swindle, defraud, victimize, cozen, gull, diddle, take in, impose upon. Oval, a. Elliptical. Ovate, a. Egg-shaped. Ovation, «. I'riumph. 0\er, pre/. I. Above. 2. Across, athwart, from cue side of to the other. 3. Throughout, through, through the whole extent of. 4. More than, upward of. 5. Covering, immersing. Over, ad. I. Above the top. 2. Across, athwart, transversely, from one side to the other. 3. From one to another, from hand to hand. 4. Besides, to boot, in addition, into the bar- gain, in excess. 5. Throughout, completely, from beginning to end. 6. Past, by. 7. Excessively, extremely, very, too. Over, a. I. Covering, outer, upper. 2. Superior. Over-abundant, a. Exuberant, plenteous, copi- ous, full, rank, plentiful, ample, replete, liberal, lavish. Over again. Once more. Over against. Opposite, in front. Over and above. Besides. Over and over. Repeatedly, once and again. verawe, v. a. Awe, int" affright, daunt, browbeat. Overawe, v. a. Awe, intimidate, cow, frighten. aga , fr: Overbalance, v. a. I. Outweigh, overweigh, surpass, preponderate in. 2. Overpoise, lose balance. Overbear, 2/. a. Overpower, overwhelm, subdue, overthrow, prostrate, repress, subdue. Overbearing, a. I. Overpowering, oppressive, repressing. 2. Imperious, domineering, dictatorial, super- cilious, lordly, haughty, arrogant, dogmatical. Over-bold, a. Forward, impudent, pert, officious, presuming. Overcast, v. a. I. Cloud, darken, obscure, eclipse. 2. Cover, overspread. Overcharge, z/. a I. Burden, oppress, surcharge, overload, overburden. 2. Crowd, overfill. 3. Exaggerate, overstate, overstrain, overlay with ornament. Overcoat, ». Greatcoat, topcoat. Overcome, v. a. I. Subdue, conquer, vanquish, subjugate, overthrow, overwhelm, overturn, over- bear, overpower, overmaster, defeat, crush, beat, rout, discomfit, choke, get the better of, get the upper hand of, prostrate. 2. Surmount, rise above. 3. Rule, domineer over. Overcome, v. n. Prevail, conquer, gain the vic- tory. Over-confident, a. Rash, venturesome, pre- sumptuous, overweening, headlong, precipitate, incautious, imprudent. Overdo, V. a. I. Do to excess. 2. Overact, exaggerate. 3. Surpass, exceed. 4. Fatigue, harass, oppress. 5. Cook too much. Overestimate, v. a. Overvalue, overprize, over- rate, make too much of. Overfill, v. a. Surcharge. Overflow, v. a. I. Inundate, flow over. 2. Deluge, flood, overwhelm, cover, over- spread, overrun. Overflow, v. n. Overrun, run over. Overflow, «. I. Inundation. 2. Superabundance, exuberance, luxuriance, profusion, excess, surplus, overflowing, copious- ness, redundancy. Overflowing, a. Abundant, copious, exuberant Over-fond, a. Doting, too fond. Over-full, a. Surcharged, overcharged, over- loaded, surfeited, plethoric. Overhaul, v. a. I. Overtake, come up with, gain upon. 2. Examine, look into. 3. Re-examine. Overhead, ad. Above, aloft. Overjoyed, a. Transported, enraptured, in rap- tures, in ecstasies, in a transport. Overlay, v. a. I. Cover, spread over. 2. Smother, overlie, oppress. 3. Overwhelm, oppress with weight, crush, overpower. 4. Cloud, overcast, hide, obscure. 5. Span, over-span, cover. Over-liberal, a. Lavish, profuse, prodigal, thrift- less, unthrifty, extravagant, wasteful, too free. Overload, v. a. Surcharge, overburden, overlade. Overlook, v. a. I. View from above. 2. Rise above, look down upon, overtop. 3. Inspect, superintend, supervise, oversee, have charge of. 4. Review, survey, re-survey. 5. Disregard, neglect, miss, slight, pass by, be inattentive to, not notice, not think of. 6. Excuse, forgive, pardon, pass over, forgive and forget. Overmaster, v. a. See Overpower. Over-modest, a. Bashful, shy, timid, timorous, coy, diffident, shamefaced, sheepish. Overflight, ad. I. Last night, yesterday night. 2. During the night, all night. Overplus, «. Excess, surplus, surplusage, residue. Overpoise, v. a. Overbalance, outweigh. Overpower, v. a. I. Subdue, conquer, over- whelm, overcome, overturn, overbear, overmas- ter, defeat, rout, crush, beat, vanquish, subjugate, discomfit, get the better of, get the upper hand of, overmatch. 2. Overwhelm, overcome, overmaster, get the better of, affect by intensity. Overpowering, a. Irresistible, overwhelming, subduing. Overprize, \ v. a. Overestimate, overvalue, make Overrate, J too much of. Overreach, v. a. Deceive, cheat, dupe, outwit, circumvent, defraud, swindle, cozen, gull, trick, victimize, diddle, take in, impose upon. Override, v. a, I. Pass, ride beyond, outride. 2. Outweigh, surpass, be superior to, take pre- cedence of, supersede, annul, trample down. 3. Ride over. Over-righteous, a. Sanctimonious, Pharisaical. Overrule, v. a. I. Control, govern, sway, have control of. 2. Annul, cancel, revoke, rescind, repeal, nul- lify, recall, reject, repudiate, supersede, set aside. Overruling, a. Controlling, governing, directing, prevailing, predominant. Overrun, v. a. I. Run over, spread over, grow over. 2. Ravage, devastate, despoil, lay waste, harass, subdue, oppress. 3. Outrun. 4. Injure, trample down. Overrun, v. «. Overflow, run over. Oversee, v. a. Superintend, supervise, overlook, inspect, have charge of, have the direction of. OVERSEER 297 PACT Overseer, n. Superintendent, inspector, super- visor, director, oversman. Overset, v. a. I. Overturn, upset, capsize, turn topsy-turvy. 2. Subvert, overthrow, destroy. Overshadow, v. a. I. Overshade. overcloud. 2. Shelter, protect, cover, hover over. Overshoe, «. Galoche, ^oloche, goloe-shoe. Oversight, «. I. Superintendence, control, direc- tion, management, supervision, inspection, charge, care, surveillance 2. Error, blunder, mistake, slip, trip, lapse, miss, inadvertency, inattention, neglect, omis- sion, fault. Overspent, a. Wearied, exhausted, forespent, over-tired. Overspread, v. a. Cover, spread over, overstrew. Overstate, v. a. Exaggerate, overcharge, overdo. Overstock, v. a. Crowd, overfill. Overt, a. I. Open, manifest, public, patent, notorious, glaring, apparent. 2. (Law.) Open, manifest. Overtake, v. a. Catch, come up with. Overthrow, v. a. I. Overturn, upset, overset, throw down. 2. Demolish, destroy, level, throw down. 3. Vanquish, conquer, defeat, worst, over- come, master, overpower, overbear, overwhelm, subjugate, crush, discomfit, beat, rout, foil. 4. Subvert, destroy, ruin. Overthrow, «• I. Fall. 2. Subversion, prostration, ruin. 3. Destruction, demolition, ruin, shipwreck. 4. Defeat, discomfiture, rout, dispersion. Overtop, V. a. I. Rise above, surpass in height. 2. Excel, transcend, surpass, exceed. 3. Obscure, make less important, eclipse. 4. Transgress, disregard, go beyond. Overture, «. I. Proposal, offer, proposition. 2. {Mus.) Orchestral introduction to an opera, oratorio, etc. Overturn, v. a. See Overthrow. Overvalue, v. a. Overrate, overprize, overesti- mate, make too much of. Overweening, a. Conceited, haughty, proud, arrogant, opinionated, egotistical, consequential, supercilious, vain, vain-glorious, puffed up. Overwhelm, v. a. I. Overflow, spread over and cover, swallow up, whelm, submerge, sink, drown. 2. Overbear, overpower, overcome, subdue, vanquish, conquer, defeat. Over-wise, a. Conceited, pragmatical. Overworn, a. I. Exhausted, worn out. 2. Trite, threadbare, old, stale, musty, hack- neyed. Overwrought, a- I. Overdone, elaborated too much. 2. Over-excited, excessively stirred. Oviform, a. Egg-shaped, ovoid, ovoidal. Oviparous, a. Egg-bearing. Ovule, n. {Bot.) Rudimentary seed. Ovum, «. LL. pi. Ova.] Egg. Owe, V. a. I. Be indebted to, be bound to pay. 2. Be obliged to ascribe to, be obliged for, have to attribute to. 3. Be due, be owing. Owing, a. I. Due. 2. Attributable, ascribable, traceable, resulting from, due, consequential. 3. Imputable, attributable. Own, V. a. I. Possess, hold, have, be in posses- sion of, have a title to. 2. Acknowledge, confess, avow. 3. Admit, allow, concede, confess, acknowl- edge. 4. Recognize. Owner, «. Proprietor, possessor, holder. Ozalis, «. (Bat.) Sorrel. Oxford-school, a. Puseyite, Tractarian, Tractite. Oxidate, V. a. See Oxidize. Oxidize, V. a. Oxidate, calcine, convert into an oxide. Oxygenate, v. a. Oxygenize, unite or impregnate with oxygen. Oxygenize, v. a. Oxygenate. Oxygon, n. Acute-angled triangle. OSIS&I- Acute-angled. Oyster-plant, n. Salsify. Pabulum, n. I. Food, aliment 2. Fuel. Pace, ». I. Step. 2. Gait, walk, manner of walking. 3. Amble {of a horse), pacing. 4. Rate, degree of progress. 5. Dais. Pace, V. ft. I. Walk (wiiA measured steps), step, move, go. 2. Hasten, hurry, make haste. 3. Go at a pace, go at an ambling cait. Pacha, n. [Written also Pasha, Pashaw, and Bashaw. \ Turkish governor. Pachydermatous, a. Thick-skinned. Pacific, a. I. Conciliatory, appeasing, mild, peace-making. 2. Peaceful, peaceable, tranquil, gentle, calm, smooth, quiet, unruffled. 3. Peaceful, not warlike. Pacification, n. Tranquillization, reconciliation, reconcilement, accommodation, appeasement. Pacificator, «. Peacemaker. Pacify, V. a. I. Conciliate, appease, give peace to, restore harmony to, tranquillize. 2. Tranquillize, assuage, calm, still, quiet, lull, smooth, compose, moderate, hush, quell, lay, allay, soften, soothe, mollify, appease. Pacing, «. Pace, amble. Pack, n. I. Bundle, package, budget, parcel, packet, bale. 2. Burden, load. 3. Collection, assemblage, assortment, set. 4. Gang, crew, set, knot, band, clan, company, bevy, lot, squad. 5. Pack-ice. Pack, V. a. Compress (into a bundle), put together (in close order), stow, compact. Package, «. Bundle, budget, parcel, pack, bale. Packet, n. I. Package {small). 2. Vessel {for freight and passengers between stated ports). Packfong, «. [Written also Pakfong.] German silver, white copper, Chinese alloy. Pack off. (Active.) Despatch, send off, send away. Pack off. (Neuter.) Depart, go, start, set out, set off, be off. Pact, n. Compact, contract, agreement, league, PAD 298 PALMY bond, alliance, bargain, covenant, stipulation, convention, concordant. Pad, «. I. Horse {for the saddle), saddle-horse, easy-paced horse, padnag. 2. Cushion, bolster. 3. Blotter. Paddy, «. 1. \Corr\i^i&d horn St. Patrick.'] Pat, Milesian, Hibernian, Irishman, son of Erin {in joke or contempt'), league. 2. Rice {in the husk). Padishah,//. I. 'S>\^z\\ {of Persia). 2. Sultan {of Turkey), Turkish emperor. Paean, «. [Written also Pean.l Triumphal song, jubilation, peanism. Pagan, n. [Anciently written Paien, Payen, Painim, Paynim, and Panyvt.] Heathen, gentile, idolater. Pagan, a. Heathenish, heathen, idolatrous, pa- ganic, paganical. Paganism, n. Heathenism. Page, n. Boy-servant {attending a royal or noble personage or a legislature!, serving-boy. Pageant, «. Spectacle, show, display, parade. Pageantiy, «• Show, display, parade, pomp, state, splendor, magnificence, flourish, showing off. Pagoda, «. I. East Indian temple. 2. East Indian idol, idol. Pagodite, «. Agalmatolite, figurestone, lardite. Paillasse, n. [Fr.] Straw bed, palliasse. Pain, n. I. Penalty, punishment. 2. Suffering, distress, discomfort, ache, pang, torment, torture, anguish, agony, throe, twinge. 3. Uneasiness, disquietude, anxiety, solicitude, care, grief, sorrow, bitterness, affliction, woe, heartache, chagrin, vexation, anguish, dolor, trouble, distress, unhappiness, misery, wretched- ness. Pain, V. a. I. Torment, torture, rack, agonize, distress, hurt. 2. Disquiet, trouble, afflict, grieve, aggrieve, displease, annoy, plague, bore, harass, vex, worry, tease, chafe, fret, incommode, distress. Painful, a. I. Tormenting, torturing, agonizing, racking, distressing, distressful, excruciating. 2. Grievous, afflicting, afflictive, distressing, disquieting, troublesome, displeasing, provoking, annoying^, vexatious, unpleasant, disagreeable. 3. Toilsome, arduous, difficult, hard, severe. Painfully, ad. I. With pain. 2. Laboriously, with toil, industriously, sedu- lously. Pains, n. [Often used in the singular number by the best writers.'] I. Labor, care, trouble, toil- some effort, task. 2. Travail, childbirth, labor. Painstaking, a- Laborious, sedulous, diligent, industrious, careful, plodding, assiduous, strenu- ous, hard-working, persevering, sparing no pains. Painstaking, «. Labor, industry, assiduity, dili- gence, perseverance, careful toil, conscientious exertion Paint, V. a. I. Represent {by colors). 2. Color {with a pigment), coat with paint, smear. 3. Depict, delineate, describe, sketch, portray, pencil, set forth, image, picture, draw. 4. Embellish, deck, adorn, beautify, ornament. Paint, n. Pigment, coloring matter. Painting:, n. I. Coloring. 2. Picture {in colors). Pair, n. I. Two {of the same kind or suited to each other). 2. Couple, brace. 3. Span, couple. 4. Yoke, couple. Pair, V. a. and v. n. I. Couple, mate. 2. Suit, fit. Pakfong, n. See Packfong. Palace, «. Stately mansion. Paladin, «. Knight-errant, champion, hero. Palatable, a. Savory, agreeable, enjoyable, gust- able, fiavorous, tasteful, pleasant, delicious, nice, luscious, delicate. Palate, «. I. Roof of the mouth. 2. Taste, relish. Palatial, a. Stately, magnificent, splendid. Palaver, «. I. Twaddle, chatter, balderdash, rigmarole, gibberish, stuff, trash, fudge, non- sense, platitude, moonshine, wish-wash, flum- mery, jargon, senseless prate, frothy discourse, idle talk. 2. Talk, conversation, conference, colloquy. Pale, a. I, White, pallid, wan, ashy, whitish, colorless. 2. Dim, obscure. Pale, «. I. Picket, stake. 2. Enclosure, circuit. 3. District, region, territory. 4. Confine, limit, boundary, fence. Paleology, «. Archaeology. Palfrey, «. Saddle-horse, riding-horse. Paling, n. I. Fence {made of pales). 2. Limit, enclosure. Palingenesis, «. [Gr.] Palingenesy, regenera- tion, second birth, new birth. Palinode, «. Poetical recantation. Fall, «. I. Cloak, mantle, outer garment. 2. Pallium, archbishop's scarf. 3. [Written also Pawl and Paul.] Detent, click. Pall, V. a. I. Make vapid or insipid. 2. Satiate, cloy, surfeit, sate, glut, gorge, fill to repletion. 3. Dispirit, depress, discourage, dishearten, deject. 4. Weaken, impair, damage. 5. Cloak, cover, shroud, invest. Pall, V. n. Become insipid, grow tasteless, be- come vapid. Falladinm, «. Bulwark, safeguard, security. Palliasse, «. Straw-bed, paillasse. Palliate, v. a. I. Extenuate, excuse, gloss, apolo- gize for, lessen, cover, cloak, hide, conceal. 2. Allay, ease, soothe, mitigate, moderate, assuage, alleviate, soften, abate, mollify, lessen, diminish, relieve, dull, blunt, quiet, still, quell. Palliation, n. I. Extenuation. 2. Mitigation, alleviation, relief, abatement. Palliatiye, «. Lenitive. Pallid, a. Wan, pale, whitish, ashy, colorless, cadaverous. Falling, a. Nauseating, loathsome, sickening. Pallor, «. Paleness, wanness, pallidness, pallidity. Palm, n. I. Token of victory, prize, crown, laurel, bays, trophies. 2. Hand-breadth, hand. 3. Palm-tree. Palm, V. a. I. Conceal in the palm {as a Jug- gler). 2. Impose (by fraud), obtrude, pass off 3. Handle, touch. Palmer, «. I. Pilgrim {returned from the Holy Land), crusader. 2. Cozener, cheat, trickster {at cards or dice). Palmetto, n. Cabbage-tree {Areca oleracea). Falmigrade, a Plantigrade. Palmiped, a. Web-footed. Palmistt7, «. Chiromancy. Palm-sugar, «. Jaggery, jagghery. Palmy, {of fruit). Papa, n. Father {so used by children). Papacy, «. I. Popedom. 2. Popes, line of popes, popes collectively. Papal, a. Popish. Papaver, «. Poppy. Papaverous, a. Poppy-like. Paper, «. I. Document, writing, written instru- ment. 2. Newspaper, journal. 3. Dissertation, essay, article. 4. (Com.) Notes, bank-notes, drafts, bills of exchange. 5. Wall-paper, paper hangings. Paper-currency, «. Paper-money, bank-notes, bank-bills. Papilionaceous, a. Butterfly-shaped. Papillose, a. Verrucose, warty. Papillote, «. Curl-paper. Papism, H. Popery. Papist, n. Roman Catholic. Popish, Roman Catholic. Popery, papism, Roman Catholic Papistic Papi stica l, . Papistry, t religion. Pappy» <»• Soft, tender, succulent. Pap3rra8, «. Paper-reed {Papyrus aniiguorum). Par, «. Equality, eouivalence. Parable, «. Fable {in which what is stated as fad is probable, or ivhich is founded on the or- dinary incidents of daily life), apologue, story, short tale, fictitious narrative (intended to illus- trate some spiritual truth). Parabolic, l a. Figurative, allegorical, expressed Parabolical, j by a parable or smnlitude. Paraclete, «. I. Advocate, intercessor. 2. Comforter, consoler, intercessor. Holy Spirit, Spirit of Truth, Holy Ghost. Parade, n. I. Ostentation, display, ceremony, show, pompous exhibition, flauntmg, pomp. 2. Pageant, spectacle, pompous procession, show. 3. Military display, review, array. 4. Drill-ground. 5. Public walk, promenade, mall. Parade, v. a. Display, flaunt, show off. Parade, v. n. Make a show, show off Paradigm, ». Example, model. Paradise, n. I. Eden, the garden of Eden. 2. Elysium, place of bliss. 3. Heaven, abode of the blest. Paradox, «. Absurdity {as appears at first sights yet not so in fact), seeming contradiction. Paradoxical, a. Absurd {to appearance, yet con- formable to fact), incredible, puzzling, incon- ceivable, contradictory. Paragon, «. Model, pattern, masterpiece, none- such, pink, beau ideal. Paragraph, n. I. Passage, clause, section of a discourse, sentence. 2. Item {as in a nev>spaper\ remark, short notice. Paraguay tea, n. Matt, leaves of the Ilex para- guayensis. Parallel, a. I. Equidistant throughout {as lines). 2, In conformity, in harmony, m accordance. 3. Like, similar, analogous, resembling, allied, equal, correspondent. Parallel, ». I. Parallel line. 2. Resemblance, similarity, likeness. 3. Comparison. 4. Counterpart- Paralogism, ) n. Sophistry {umntentumal), false Paralogy, J reasoning. Paralyns, «. Palsy. Paral5rze, v. a. Palsy, benumb, deaden, unnerve. Paramount, a. I. Supreme, superior, pre-emi- nent, principal, chief. 2. Eminent. 3. Superior. Paramour, n. I. Lover (in a bad sense), leman. 2. Concubine, mistress. PARAPET 300 PARTIAL Parapet* «. I. (Fori.) Breastwork {on a ram- part). 2, Breast wall {as on a bridge)- Paraphemalia, »• //. Appendages, ornaments, trappings, equipment, equipage, appurtenances, accoutrements. Paraphrase, «. I. Explanation {by amplifying), exposition. 2. Free translation. 3. Metrical translation. Paraphrastic, ) a. Explanatory {by amplifica- Paraphrastlcal, ) tion), free, diffuse. Parasite, «. Sycophant, flatterer, toady, fawner, wheedler, flunky, spaniel, pick-thank, toad-eater, time-server, hanger-on, trencher-friend. Parasitic, I a. Sycophantic, fawning, flattering, Parasitical, ) wheedhng, servile, slavish, meanly submissive. Parasol, n. Sunshade. Paratonnerre, «. Lightning-rod, lightning-con- ductor. Parboil, V. a. Coddle, boil slightly. Parcae, «.//. Fates, sisters three. Parcel, n. I. Bundle, package, packet, budget. 2. Set, lot, batch, collection, group. 3. {Law.) Piece, part, portion, tract, plot, patch. Parcel, v. a. Divide, distribute, apportion, deal out, allot. Parcel, a. Part, half, in part. Parch, V. a. I. Burn {slightly), scorch. 2. Dry, shrivel, dry up. Pardon, v. a. I. Remit, overlook, past over, forgive, condone. 2. Forgive {especially for a grave offence), absolve, excuse, acquit, discharge, release, clear. Pardon, «. Forgiveness {especially of a grave of- fence after conviction, and granted to a specif ed person), remission {of a penalty incurred), abso- lution, grace, mercy. Pardonable, a. Excusable, venial. Pare, v. a. I. Peel {by the use of a knife). 2. Clip, cut, shave ofE. 3. Diminish {gradually), lessen, reduce. Parent, «• I. Father or mother. 2. Author. 3. Cause, source, producer. Parentage, «. Extraction, birth, descent, lineage, pedigree, stock, origin, family, ancestry. Parental, a. Affectionate, kind, tender, cher- ishing. Parentless, a. Orphaned. Parget, v. a. Plaster, cover with plaster. Pargeter, «. Plasterer. Parhelion, «. [Gr. pi. Parhelia.] Mock sun. Pariah, «. Outcast, wretch, miserable person. Parish, a. Parochial, parishional. Parity, «. Equality, equivalence, likeness, same- ness, analogy, close correspondence. Parlance, «. Conversation, discourse, talk, phrase. Parley, v. «. Talk, converse, discourse, discuss, hold a conference {especially with an enemy), confer, treat. Parley, «. Conference {especially between ene- mies), talk, discourse, conversation, discussion, oral treaty. Parliament, «. House of Lords and House of Commons {of Great Britain and Ireland), Brit- ish legislature. Parlor, «. Sitting-room, living-room. Parocbial, a. Parish, pertainmg to a parish. Parody, n. Travesty, burlesque, caricature, ludi- crous imitation. Parodj;, v. a. Travesty, burlesque, caricature, turn into burlesque. Parol, \a. {Law.) Oral, verbal, by word of Parole, ) mouth. Parol, \n. I. {Law.) Word of mouth, oral Parole, ( declaration. 2. {Mil.) Word of honor, word of promise, plighted faith. Paronymous, a. Conjugate, allied radically. Paroxysm, «. {Med.) Exacerbation {of a disease, periodically), fit, convulsion, sudden attack. Parguet, «. [Fr.] Vxt, parterre. Parquetry, «. Marguetry. Parricidal, a. Patricidal or matricidal. Parricide, «• Patricide or matricide. Parrot, ft. See Poll. Parry, v. a. I. Ward off, turn aside, prevent, avert. 2. Shift off, avoid, evade. Parsimonious, a. Stingy, close, avaricious, nig- gardly, miserly, mean, penurious, grasping, cov- etous, close-fisted, .sordid, very saving, exces- sively frugal, near, illiberal, hard-fisted, sparing. Parsimony, «. Stinginess, niggardliness, penuri- ousness, avarice, covetousness, cupidity, mean- ness, closeness, miserliness, frugality, economy, illiberality, savingness. Parson, n. I. Parish priest, rector, incum- bent. 2. Minister, priest, clergyman, pastor, ecclesi- astic, churchman, divine. Parsonage, «. I. Rectory. 2. Parson's mansion, parsonage house. 3. Parson's dues, benefice, living. Part, n. I. Piece, portion, section, division, sub- division. 2. Member, organ, constituent, element, com- ponent, ingredient. 3. Share, portion, lot. 4. Share, concern, interest, participation. 5. Share, allotment, lot, dividend, apportion- ment. 6. Business, charge, duty, ofl!ice, function, work. 7. Side, party, interest, concern, faction. 8. Character, rdle. 9. Action, conduct, behavior. 10. Portion, passage, clause, paragraph. Part, V. a. I. Divide, sever, dissever, sunder, dismember, subdivide, break, break in pieces, tear asunder. 2. Disunite, separate, disjoin, disconnect, de- tach, dissociate. 3. Hold apart, keep apart, stand between, in- tervene betwixt. 4. Apportion, allot, share, distribute, parcel out, deal out, divide, mete, dole out. 5. Secrete, secern. Part, v.n. I. Be parted, be divided, become sep- arated, divide. 2. Give up, quit, lose, let go hold. 3. Quit each other, take leave, bid farewelL 4. Share, have a share. 5. Break, be broken, be torn asunder. 6. Depart, go away, set out. Partt^e, v. n. Participate, share, have a share of, take a part of, have a part of, participate in. Partake, v. a. Share, partake of, participate in, have a part of, take a part of. Partaker, «. Participator, sharer, communicant, participant. Parterre, «. [Fr.l Pit, parquet. Part from. Leave, be detached from , be separated from. Partial, a. I. Incomplete, imperfect, limited. 2. Biassed, prejudiced, prepossessed, warped, interested, unfair, unjust, one-sided, influenced. 3. Fond, favorably disposed. 4. Indulgent, fond. 5. {Bot.) Subordinate. PARTIALITY 301 PASS Fartlalit7» «. I. Unfairness, injustice, favorit- ism, bias. 2. Fondness, predilection, liking, fancy, in- clination, leaning, bent. Partially, ad. I. Unfairly, unjustly. 2. Partly, imperfectly, in part. Partibility, «• Separability. Partible, a. Separable, divisible. Particepa criminis. [L.] Accomplice, confeder- ate, abettor, socius criminis. Participant, a. Sliaring, partaking. Participant, «• Participator, sharer. Participate, v. a. and v. n. Partake, share, have a part in, take a part in. Participation, «. Partaking. Participator, «. Partaker, sharer, partner. Particle, «. Bit, atom, molecule, corpuscle, mote, jot, iota, tittle, whit, grain, scrap, mite, scintilla, ace, speck. Particular, a. I. Especial, special, specific. 2. Individual, single, separate, distinct, special. 3. Peculiar, characteristic, distinctive. 4. Personal, private, individual, own, peculiar. 5. Notable, noteworthy, special. 6. Minute, circumstantial, precise, exact, de- tailed. 7« Exact, precise, nice, scrupulous, fastidious, critical, careful, strict, finical. 8. Peculiar, odd, singular, strange, notable, uncommon, marked. Particular, «. Instance, circumstance, detail, item, particularity, special point, feature. Particularity, «. I. Exactness, preciseness, precision. 2. Singleness, individuality. 3. Detail, item, particular, special point, mi- nute circumstance. 4. Peculiarity, singularity, characteristic. Particularize, v. a. Specify, mention in detail, set forth minutely. Particularize, v. «. Be particular, descend to particulars, mention particulars. Particularly, ad. I. Especially, specially, spe- cifically. 2. Separately, singly, distinctly, individually. Parting:, a. I. Dividing, separating, breaking. 2. Last, farewell, valedictory. 3. Departing, declining. Parting:, n. I. Breaking, rupture, disruption, severing, tearing asunder. 2. Separation, detachment, division. 3. Leave-taking, farewell. Partisan, «. I. Adherent, follower, supporter, disciple, champion, votary, party-man. 2. Truncheon, staff, bdion, 3. Halberd, pike. 4. Quarter-staff. Partisan, n. Factionary, biassed. Partisanship, «. Championship. Partition, n. I. Division, separation. 2. Dividing wall, division wall, barrier, screen. 3. Division, distribution, apportionment, allot- ment. 4. (,Mus.) Score. Partition, v. a. I. Apportion, share, divide into shares, parcel out. 2. Divide by partitions. Partitive, a. (Gram.) Distributive, dividing. Partitive, «. (Gram.) Distributive. Partly, ad. In part, in some measure, in some degree. Partner, «. I. Associate, colleague, partaker, sharer, participator, participant. 2. Member of a partnership, member of a firm, one of a firm or house, coadjutor, confederate. 3. Spouse, companion, consort. Partnership, «. I. Union, connection, interest, participation. 2. Copartnership, company, association, so- ciety, firm, house. Partridge-berry. «• .1. Creeping wintergreen, wintergreen, aromatic wintergreen, teaoerry, boxberry ( GauHheria procumbens). 2. Checkerberry, .squaw-vine, winter-clover {Mitchella repens). Parts, «. //. I. Talents, faculties, powers, abil- ities, endowments, gifts, genius, qualities, accom- plishments, intellect, mind, intelligence. 2. Quarters, regions, districts. Parturition, n. Delivery, labor, travail, child- birth, bringing forth, birth. Part with. Relinquish, resign, surrender, lose, give up. Party, «. I. Faction, set, junto, circle, ring, com- bination, league, confederacy, alliance, cabal, clique, coterie. 2. Body, company, detachment, troop, squad. 3. Company. 4. Company, assembly, gathering, social as- semblage. 5. Participator, participant, partaker, sharer. 6. Litigant, plaintiff or defendant. 7. Person, individual, one, somebody, some one. 8. Cause, side. Party-colored, a. Variegated, piebald, pied, mot- ley, many-colored, many-hued, divers-colored. Party-man, «. See Partisan, i. Par value. Nominal value. ParvenUf «. [Fr.] Upstart, mushroom, snob, pretentious fellow, pretender to gentility. Pas, n. I. Step. 2. Precedence. Paschal, a. I. Passover. 2. Easter. Pasch-egg, «. [Written also Pace-egg.^ Easter- Pasha, n. See Pacha. Pasigraphy, «. Universal language. Pasqulll^ 1 "• S^*'"^^' lampooner, libeller. Pasquin, v. a. Lampoon, satirize, abuse by satire. Pasquinade, n. Lampoon, satire. Pass, V. n, I. Go, move, proceed, go on, make a transit 2. Elapse, lapse, be spent, pass away. 3. Vanish, disappear, cease, fade, die, be lost. 4. Occur, happen, take place. 5. Circulate, be current, gain currency, be received. 6. Be enacted, be sanctioned by a majority of votes. 7. Be deemed, be considered, be held, be regarded. 8. Answer, do, do well enough. 9. Go unheeded, go unregarded. 10. Make a thrust, make a pass, thrust. 11. Determine, pass judgment. 12. Move through, go through. Pass, V. a. I. Allow to proceed, let go. 2. Goby. 3. Go over, go across. 4. Go through, go along. 5. Undergo, experience, live through, make trial of, suffer. 6. Spend (as time), live through. 7. Omit, neglect, disregard, take no notice of. 8. Overstep, go beyond, overpass, 9. Exceed, surpass, excel, transcend 10. Be enacted by, be passed by. 11. Enact, ratify, sanction by a majority of votes. 12. Utter, deliver, pronounce. PASS 302 PATERNAL ESTATE 13. Give currency to, put into circulation. 14. Void, discharge, eject, excrete. 15. Finish, accomplish, end, achieve. 16- Send, transmit, deliver, transfer, make over. TttSSf ft. I. Passage, way, road, avenue. 2. Defile, ravine, gorge, narrow passage. 3. Passport, ticket, permission to pass. 4. Conjuncture, state, condition, situation, plight. 5. Thrust, push, allonge, lunge, tilt, passado. 6. Ford. Passable, a. I. Fit for travel. 2. Tolerable, middling, moderate, ordinary, allowable, admissible, so-so, mediocre, pretty good. 3. Current, receivable, acceptable. Passage, «. I. Passing, transit. 2. Transit, journey, voyage. 3. Road, path, way, avenue, pass, course, thoroughfare, channel, route. 4. Access, entry, reception, currency. 5. Exploit, act, deed, event, feat, occurrence, incident. 6. Gallery, corridor. 7. Clause, sentence, paragraph, text. 8. Departure, death, decease. 9. Enactment, passing. 10. (Mus. ) Phrase, portion of a tune. 11. Fare. 12. Pass, encounter, contest, combat, skirmish, conflict, collision, brush, joust, tilt, affair. Pass away. [Active.) Spend, waste. Pass away. {Neuter.) I. Elapse, lapse, pass, glide, slip away. 2. Move from sight, vanish. 3. Die. 4. Be spent, be lost. Pass by. I. Overlook, disregard, omit, take no notice of, pass over, neglect. 2. Overlook, excuse, forgive. Pass current. Be received, be admitted. Passe, a. [Fr.] Past, worn, faded, out of use, out of date, antiquated. Passenger, n. Traveller, wayfarer, voyager, itine- rant, tourist. Passim, ad. [L.] Here and there, everywhere, throughout. Passing, a. Transient, fleeting, momentary, going by. Passing, ad. Surpassingly, wonderfully, exceed- ingly, excessively. Pasi^g, pre^. Exceeding, beyond, over. Pass in review. Review, revise, reconsider, re- examine. Pass into. Unite, blend. Passion, «. I. SuflFering {specifically that of Christ by cnicifixioTi). 2. Emotion, ardor, fervor, zeal, rapture, trans- port, excitement, impulse, glow, strong feeling. 3. Zeal, ardor, vehement desire. 4. Pathos, warmth of feeling, tender emotion. 5. Anger, resentment, wrath, indignation, fury, rage, vehemence, excitement. 6. Love, affection, attachment, fondness, de- votion, adoration. 7. Object of passion, absorbing pursuit, rage. Passionate, a. I. Warm, ardent, earnest, vehe- ment, excited, animated, fiery, enthusiastic, fer- vent, glowing, burning, zealous, violent, furious, impetuous, impulsive, impassioned. 2. Irascible, excitable, choleric, hasty, impa- tient, touchy, hot, peppery, hot-tempered, angry, quick-tempered, hot-headed, fiery, violent. Passionless, A. I. Impassive, unsusceptible, un- impressible, apathetic, cold, phlegmatic, stoical, cold-blooded, without passion or feeling, self- contained. 2. Cool, calm, collected, unmoved, quiet, im- perturbable, of a calm temper. Passion week. Holy Week, week before Easter. Passive, a. I. Quiet, quiescent, inert, inactive, receptive. 2. Unresisting, submissive, patient, long-suf- fering, enduring, suffering. Passiveness, «. I. Passivity. 2. Passibility. 3. Patience, calmness, submission. Pass muster. Answer, do, pass, serve, do well enough. Pass on. Palm, palm ofiF, impose by trick, impose fraudulently. Pass on or Upon. {Active) I. Befall, happen to, come upon. 2. Impose upon, palm upon, palm off upon, practise artfully, put upon. Pass on. {Neuter.) Proceed. Pass over. {Active.) Overlook, disregard, omit, pass by. Pass over. {Neuter.) Cross, move from side to side. Passport, «. I. Pass. 2. Safeguard. Password, n. Watchword, countersign, secret parole. Past, a. I. Spent, gone, ended, accomplished. 2. Gone by. Past, «. Past time, bygone time. TasttPrep. I. Beyond, out of the reach of. 2. After {in time). 3. Beyond {in position), farther than. 4. Above, more than, exceeding. Past, ad. By. Pastime, «. Amusement, entertainment, diver- sion, sport, play, recreation. Pastor, n. I. Shepherd. 2. Minister, clergyman, priest, parson, ecclesi- astic, churchman, divine. Pastoral, a. I. Rural, rustic, of shepherds. 2. Bucolic. 3. Ministerial, of a pastor. Pastoral, «. Bucolic, idyl, eclogue, pastoral poem. Pastoral-Staff, «. Crosier. Pastorate, «. Pastorship. Pastorship, «. Pastorate. Pasturage, «. Pasture, grazing land. Pasture, «. I. Herbage, herbs, pasturage, grass. 2. Grazing land, pasturage, pasture-ground. Pasture, v. a. Supply with pasturage, graze, turn out to pasture. Pasty, n. Meat-pie. Pat, a. {Colloq.) Fit, apt, pertinent, suitable, appropriate. Pat, ad. {Colloq.) Seasonably, fitly, aptly, con- veniently, apropos. Pat, «. I. Rap, dab, tap, hit, light blow. 2. Small lump. cake. 3. {Colloq.) [Abbreviated from St. Patrick, their patron saint] Irishman, paddy, Milesian, Hibernian, son of Erin. Pat, V. a. Rap, dab, tap, strike lightly, hit. Patch, «. I. Piece. 2. Tract, parcel, plot Pate, «. Head {in a ludicrous sense). Patella, «. [L.] I. Knee-pan, knee-cap. 2. {Conch.) Limpet. Patent, a. I. Open, spreading, expanded. 2. Patented. 3. Open, apparent, evident, plain, obvious, manifest, dear, public, conspicuous, unconcealed, palpable, unmistakable, glaring, notorious, indis- putable. Paternal, ean. Peanism, n. Jubilation, shouts of triumph. Pea-nut, «. Ground-nut, earth-nut {Arachu hypogcea). Pearl, «. I. Margarite. 2. Jewel, gem. 3. Drop, tear. Pearlash, «. Commercial carbonate of potash, calcined potash. Pearl-powder, «. See Pearl-white. Pearl-white, n. Pearl-powder, oxychloride of bismuth. Pearly, a. I. Abounding in pearls. 2. Clear, pure, translucent, limpid, pellucid. Peasant, «. Rustic, countryman, hind, swain, clown, laborer. Peasant, a. Rustic, rural. Pe^^*' } '*• ^"*^^' clo'«^^sh, illiterate. Peasantry* «• Laborers, peasants, rustics, hinds, lowest agricultural class. Pebble, ». I. Stone (e/"jw«//jzz^), pebble-stone. 2. (Injnvelry.) Agate. 3. {A mong opticians) Colorless rock-crystal, Siartz, pure silica. ble-stone, «. Pebble. Peccability, «. Frailty, infirmity, weakness, lia- bility to sin. Peccable, «. Frail, weak, imperfect, erring, sin- ning, liable to sin. Peccadillo, «. Petty fault, slight offence, petty trespass, slight crime. Peccant, a. I. Sinning, erring, guilty, criminal. 2. Morbid, malignant, corrupting, corroding, bad, corrupt, unhealthy. 3, Wrong, incorrect, bad, defective, informal. Peccary, n. Mexican hog, tajagu {Dicotyles torquatus). Peculate, v. «. Embezzle, appropriate criminally, steal, pilfer, rob, defraud. Peculation, «. Embezzlement, pilfering, theft. Peculiar, a. I. That specially pertains, that be- longs exclusively, one's own, appropriate, proper. 2. Singular, characteristic, exceptional, rare, striking, unusual, uncommon, eccentric, odd, ex- traordinary, strange, queer. 3. Special, select, particular, individual, es- pecial, specific. Peculiarity, «. I. Appropriateness, specialty, individuality, distinctiveness. 2. Individuality, idiocrasy, idiosyncrasy, char- acteristic, specialty, singularity, particularity. Peculiarly, ad. I, Especially, particularly, un- usually. 2. Particularly, singly. Pecuniary, a. Monetary, nummular, nummulary, nummary, financial. Pedagogue, ». {A contemptuous term.) I. School- master, teacher. 2. Pedant. Pedant, «. I. Schoolmaster, pedagogue. 2. Vain scholar, conceited scholar, ostentatious man of learning. Pedantic, I a. Conceited, pragmatical, vain of Fedantical, ( knowledge, ostentatious of learn- ing, over-learned, pedagogic, pedagogical, prig- gish, pompous, stilted. Pedantry, «. Ostentation of learning, boastful display of knowledge, pedantism. Peddle, v. a. Hawk, retail, vend. Peddle, v. «. I. Hawk, retail, vend. 2. Trifle, dawdle. Peddler, «. [Written also Pedlar and Pedler.] Travelling chapman, hawker, vender, petty dealer, travelling trader. Pedestrian, «. I. Foot-traveller, traveller afoot, walker. 2. Foot-racer, professional walker. Pedigree, «. Lineage, descent, ancestry, gen- ealogy, stock, breed, family, race, house, line of ancestors, strain, line, extraction. Pedler;}''- See Peddler. Peel, V. a. I. Pare (by cutting), bark, flay, de- corticate. 2. Strip off, remove by stripping. Peel, V. n. Exfoliate, come oS(as skin or rind), peel off. Peel, n. Rind, skin. Peeler, n. Policeman. Peep, V. n. I. Chirp (fls a chicken), pule, cheep, cry, pip. _ 2. Begm to appear, issue, come forth. 3. Peer, look slyly. Peep of day. Dawn, morning, aurora, sunrise, prime, prime of day, cock-crow, break of day, early morning, first flush of the morning, point dujour. Peer, «. I. Ecjual, mate, match, compeer. 2. Companion, associate, fellow, comrade, con- temporary. 3. Nobleman, lord. Peer, «/ «. I. {Poetical.) Appear, peep, come in sight. 2. Peep, pry, look closely or narrowly. Peerless, a. Unequalled, unmatched, unsur- passed, matchless, superlative, unique, without an equal, without a peer. PeeviWl, a. I. Fretful, petulant, querulous, irri- table, waspish, snappish, pettish, captious, cross, crusty, snarling, testy, churlish, crabbed, acri- monious, spleeny, ill-natured, ill-tempered. 2. Discontented, fretful, captious. 3. Self-willed, stubborn, obstinate, headstrong, froward. 4. Silly, childish, thoughtless, trifling. Ppifliic * } '''• Oceanic, marine, of the ocean. Pelargonium, n. {Bat.) Stork's bill. Pelf, n. Money, riches, lucre, mammon, gain, wealth {contemptuous term). Pellicle, n. Film, thin skin, thin coating, crust. Pell-mell, a^. Confusedly, irregularly, disorderly, in confusion, in disorder, helter-skelter, at sixes and sevens. Pellucid, a. Clear, limpid, crystalline, bright, lucid, translucent, diaphanous. PELT 305 PEPTIC Feltt n. Skin (of a beast with the hair on it), hide, raw hide, undressed hide. Feltf V. a. I. Strike (with something thrown), beat, batter, assail with missiles, belabor. 2. Throw, cast, hurl. pSStld,}"- (^^'-^ Shield-shaped. Pelting, n. Beating, battering. Peltry, «. Pelts, hides, skins, raw hides. Pen, V. a. I. Write, compose, indite, commit to paper, inscribe. 2. Encage, coop, confine, enclose, impound, imprison, incarcerate, shut up, shut in, hem in, wall in, rail in. Pen, n. Enclosure, pinfold, pound, sty, coop, pen- fold. Penal, a. Punitive. Penalty, «. I. Punishment, penal retribution. 2. Forfeiture, fine, mulct, amercement. Penance. «. Punishment {self-indicted or jw«- Posed by ecclesiastical authority), mortification, maceration, humiliation, penalty. Penates, «. Household gods. Penchant, «. [F"*;]. Inclination, bent, propensity, !)roneness, proclivity, disposition, tendency, turn, caning, predisposition, liking, fondness, predi- lection, taste, bias, propension. Pencil, n. I. Brush {made of hair or fine bristles). 2. Crayon. PencU, V. a. I. Paint, depict, delineate, portray, sketch. 2. Mark or draw with a pencil. Pencilling, «. Sketch, outline. Pencraft, «. I. Penmanship, chirography, writ- 2. Authorship, composition. Pendant, ». I. Hanging appendage, bob. 2. Ear-ring, ear-drop. 3. {Naut. ) Pennant, pennon. 4. Chandelier, gas-fixture, lustre. 5. Appendix, addition. Pendent, a. I. Hanging, pendulous, suspended, pensile, depending. 2. Overhanging, projecting, jutting over. Pendente lite. [L.] While the suit is pending, pending the suit or action, during litigation. Pending, a. Depending, undecided, undeter- mined, unsettled, in suspense. Pending, prep. During. Pendragon, «. Generalissimo, chief leader. Pendulous, a. I. Hanging, pendent. 2. Doubtful, unsettled, uncertain, in suspense. Penetrable, a. I. Permeable, pervious. 2. Susceptible, impressible^ Penetralia, «. //. I. Sanctuary, inner parts, re- cesses. 2. Secrets, mysteries, hidden things. Penetrate, v. a. I. Pierce, perforate, bore, enter. 2. Touch, make sensible, affect. 3. Discern, understand, comprehend. Penetrate, v. «. I. Pass, make way, enter. 2. See into, make way intellectually. Penetrating, a. I. Sharp, subtle, piercing, pene- trative, permeating. 2. Discerning, intelligent, sagacious, sharp- witted, clear-sighted, acute, keen, quick, shrewd, keen-sighted. Penetration, «. I. Penetrating. 2. Insight. 3. Acuteness, discernment, sagacitv, sagacious- ness, shrewdness, astuteness, sharpness, per- spicacity, insight, discrimination, acumen. Penetrative, « I. Piercing, sharp, subtle, saga- cious, discerning, acute. 2. Sharp, subtle, piercing, penetrating, keen, acute. Penfold, «. See Pinfold. Penitence, «. Repentance, contrition, compunc- tion, regret, remorse, sorrow. Penitent, a. Repentant, contrite, remorseful, sorry, sorrowful. Penitent, «. I. Repentant. 2. Penitentiary, repentant, penance-doer. Penitentiary, «. I. PHson, jaiJ, bridewell, work- house, house of correction. 2. Penitent, repentant, penance-doer. Penman, «. I. Teacher of penmanship, writing- teacher, calligrapher, calligraphist. 2. Writer, scribe, chirographer, chirographist, quill-driver, penner. 3. Author, writer, composer. Penmanship, n. I. Calligraphy, pencraft, art of writing. 2. Chirography, writing. Pennant, ». (Naut.) Pendant, pennon, small flag. Penniless, a. Moneyless, destitute, poor, neces- sitous, needy, indigent, distressed, pinched, re- duced, poverty-stricken, impecunious, out of money, out of cash, out of pocket, in need, in want. Pennon, n. Banner, streamer, standard, flag, colors, ensign. Pensile, a. Hanging, suspended, pendent, pen- dulous. Pension, «. I. Allowance (from a government for past services), annuity. 2. Boarding-house. Pensive, a. I. Thoughtful, meditative, reflective, dreamy, sober. 2. Expressive of sadness, sad, serious, grave, mournful, melancholy, solemn, triste. Pentagonal, a. Five-angled, five-cornered, five- sided, pentangular, pentagonous. Pentecost, «• Whitsuntide, Whit-Sunday, pinxter. Pent-house, «• Lean-to. Pent-roof, «. Shed-roof. Penult, n. Penultima, penultimate, last syllable but one, penultimate syllable. Penultimate,}'*- See Penult. PentirlOUS, a. I. Niggard, scant)', insufficient, inadequate, meagre, ill-provided, poor, stinted. 2. Parsimonious, covetous, avaricious, illiberal, miserly, niggardly, sordid, mercenary, close, stingy, mean, close-fisted, hard-fisted, grasping, near. Penury, «. Indigence, destitution, extreme pov- erty, want, need. People, n. I. Tribe, nation, race, clan, family. 2. Population, folks, persons, the public, the community, the bulk of mankind. 3. Commonalty, populace. 4. Rabble, mob, the vulgar, vulgar herd, lower classes, humbler classes, the multitude, the million, the many, the crowd, the masses, ca- naille. 5. Persons, men, folks {colloq.). People, V. a. Populate. Pepper-grass, «. I. Pill-wort {PHularia glohu- lifera). 2. Pepper-wort (Lepidium sativum). Pepperidge, «. Tupelo, sour gum, sour gum-tree (JVyssa multiflora). Pepperidge-bush, «. Barberry. Pepper-wort, «. Pepper-grass {Lepidium sa- tivum). Peppery, a. I. Hot, pungent, high-seasoned, hot as pepper. 2. Irritable, irascible, touchy, testy, waspish, snappish, snarling, churlish, choleric, petulant, excitable, passionate, hasty, quick, like tinder, like touch-wood. Peptic, a. Dietetic. 20 PER 306 PERIL Per, prep. [L.] By, for, through, by means of. Feradventvre, ad. {Rare.) Perhaps, perchance, it may be, by chance, maybe, haply, mayhap, possibly. Peram'bulate, v. a. Go around, go about, traverse. Perambulation, «. Round, circuit, tour. Per annum. [L.] Annually, by the year, in each year. Per capita. [L.] By heads, by polls, acco:r-). Periodica^ «. Magazine, review, serial. Periodically, ad. Regularly, statedly, at stated times, at regular times, at fixed periods. Peripatetic, a. I. Itinerant, walking about, wandering. 2. Aristotelian, of Aristotle. Peripatetic, «. I. Disciple of Aristotle. 2. Pedestrian, walker {ludicrously). Periphery, «• I. Outside, surface, superficies. 2. Perimeter, outer boundary. 3. Circumference. Periphrase, «. Circumlocution, circuit of words, roundabout expression, periphrasis. Periphrasis, «. [L.] See Periphrase. Periphrastic, ) a. Circumlocutory, roundabout, Periphrastlcal, J indirect, going round. Perish, v. n. I. Decay, waste, wither, shrivel, moulder. 2. Pass away, be destroyed, be ruined, be lost, come to nought, go to destruction. 3. Die, expire, decease, cease to exist, lose life, pass away. Perishable, a. I. Destructible, decaying, liable to decay. 2. Dying, mortal, frail. Perish with cold. Freeze. Perish with hanger. Starve, famish. Periwig, «. Wig, peruke, scratch. Perjured, a. Forsworn, perfidious, false, treach- erous, traitorous, lost to shame. Perjure one's self. Forswear one's self, swear falsely, take a false oath, bear false witness, break one's word, break one's faith, play false. Perjury, «. False swearing. Perk, V. a. Dress, prank, make trim, make smart. Perk, V. n. I. Be perk, be proud, be perky, be smart. 2. Peer, look narrowly, look sharply, scan. Perk, a. Pert, trim, smart, brisk, airy, jaunty, vain, perky. Perkln^f, a. Sharp, inquisitive, keen. Perk up. Cheer up, brighten up, bear up, take heart, cast away care. Perky, a. Perk, trim, jaunty, airy. Permanence, t n. Duration, durability, lasting- Pennanency, ) ness, continuance, fixedness, sta- bility. Permanent, a. Lasting, abiding, fixed, enduring, continuing, durable, stable, steadfast, unchange- able, unchanging, immutable, perpetual, invari- able, constant, persistent. Permeable, a. Pervious, penetrable, pervadible. Permissible, a. Allowable, admissible, sufferable, lawful, legal, legitimate, proper. Permission, «. Leave, license, liberty, allowance, consent, permit, warrant, authorization, permit- tance. Permissive, a. I. Permitting, allowing, grant- ing. 2. Granted, suffered. Permit, v. a. I. Allow, let, suffer, tolerate, endure, put up with. 2. Empower, authorize, warrant, give permis- sion to, give leave to, give carte-blanche to, grant, admit, license, consent to. Permit, v. n. Allow. Permit, n. Leave, license, permission, liberty, warrant. Permittance, «. Allowance, permission. Permutable, a. Exchangeable. Permutation, n. Exchange, mutual transference, change. PernidouS, a. I. Hurtful, harmful, deleterious, injurious, detrimental, baneful, baleful, prejudi- cial, noxious, noisome, mischievous, damaging, disadvantageous, destructive, ruinous, tatal, deadly, malign. 2. Malicious, wicked, evil-hearted, malignant, malign, mischievous, mischief-making, malevo- lent. Perorate, v. «. Speechify, spout, harangue. Perpendicular, a. I. Vertical, upright, pointing to the zenith. 2. At right angles, making a right angle, normal. Perpetrate, v. a. Do (as something iase), commit, perform, execute, be guilty ofT Perpetration, «. Commission (as of a crime), doing, performing. Perpetual, a. Endless, unending, everlasting, eternal, ever-during, ceaseless, unceasing, con- tinual, incessant, unintermitted, uninterrupted, constant, interminable, perennial, never-ceasing, never-failing, unfailing, enduring, permanent, sempiternal. Perpetuate, v. a. Eternize, make perpetual. Perpetuity, n. Eternity, endless duration, con- tinued existence, uninterrupted existence, per- ennity, sempiternity. everlastingness. Perplex, v. a. I. Entangle, tangle, complicate, involve, snarl, make intricate, make difficult, encumber. 2. Embarrass, puzzle, distract, pose, bewilder, beset, mystify, confuse, confound, pother. 3. Plague, vex, harass, tease, molest, trouble, annoy, disturb, worry, pester, embarrass, bother. Perplexing, a. Troublesome, puzzling, embar- rassing, bewildering, confusing, difficult, intricate. Perplexity, ». I. Intricacy, intricateness, com- plexity, obscurity, hardness, complication, in- volution, unintelligibility, entanglement. 2. Concern, care, anxiety, solicitude, trouble, embarrassment, distraction, doubt, confusion, bewilderment. 3. Embarrassment, difficulty, strait, hobble, pickle, critical situation, plight, predicament, dilemma, quandary, pass, pinch, scrape. Perpotation, «. Drinking-bout, debauch, carouse. Perron, «. (Arch.) External stair, doorsteps, stoop. Per saltum. [L.] By a leap, by a jump. Per se. [L.] By itself, alone, apart. Persecute, v. a. I. Oppress, harass, afflict, molest, distress, worry, hunt down, run down, pursue malignantly, drive from pillar to post, mjure persistently. 2. Harass, solicit, importune, annoy, tease, worry, pester. Perseides, «. pi. August meteors. Perseverance, «. Steadiness, persistence, per* sistency, constancy, steadfastness, resolution, indefatigableness. Persevere, v. «. Persist, be steady, continue, be steadfast, be constant, go on, keep on, hold on, keep one's course, keep one's ground, maintain one's ground, stick to it, not give it up, stand firm, stand fast, move heaven and earth, go through fire and water, go all lengths, stick at nothing. Persiflage, «. [Fr.] Banter, raillery, ridicule. PERSIFLEUR 308 PERVERSE jeering, mockery, quizzing, joking, pleasantry, frivolous talk. Persitleur, «. Quiz, banterer. Persist, v. «. I. Continue, remain, last, endure. 2. Persevere, be steadfast. pSteScyj«- I. See Perseverance. 2. Obstinacy, contumacy, doggedness, stub- bornness, perverseness, pertinacity, obduracy, headiness, pig-headedness. 3. Continuance, continuation. Persistent, a. Persevering, constant, enduring, tenacious, fixed, immovable, persistive, persist- ing, steady. Person, «. I. Individual, one, somebody, some one. 2. Body, bodily substance, bodily form, human frame, living body. 3. Character, part, rdle. 4. Moral agent, living soul, self-conscious being. 5. Human being, human creature. Personable, a. Graceful, good-looking, well- appearing, comely, seemly, well-favored. Personage, «. l. Individual, person. 2. Person of rank, great person, illustrious person. 3. Exterior appearance, stature, air. 4. Character assumed, disguise. 5. Character represented, impersonation. Personal, a. I. Individual, private, special. 2. Corporal, exterior, physical, material. Personality, «. I. Individuality, distinct exist- ence 2. Personal criticism, remark, reflection, allu- sion, animadversion, stricture, <7r exception. Personally, ad. I. Individually, as to one's person. 2. In person, by bodily presence. 3. Particularly. Personate, v. a. I. Play, act, act the part of, take the part of, assume the character of, imitate, represent, impersonate. 2. Disguise, mask. 3. Counterfeit, feign, simulate. Personation, «. Representation, acting, simula- tion. Personification, «. (Rhet.) I. Prosopopoeia. 2. Embodiment, impersonation. Personify, v. a. Impersonate, ascribe personal qualities to. Perspective, «. Vista, prospect, view. Perspicacious, a. l. Quick-sighted, sharp- sighted, keen-sighted. 2. Discerning, acute, keen, sagacious, shrewd, clear-sighted, keen-sighted, sharp-witted, keen- witted, long-headed, eagle-eyed, penetrating. Perspicaciousness, «. See Perspicacity. Perspicacity, n. I. Quick-sightedness, acuteness of sight. 2. Perspicaciousness, acuteness, sharpness, shrewdness, discernment, penetration, sagacity, astuteness, insight, acumen. Perspicuity, «. Clearness, lucidness, lucidity, transparency, plainness, intelligibility, perspicu- ousness, distinctness, explicitness. Perspicuous, a. Clear, lucid, plain, transparent, intelligible, distinct, explicit, unequivocal, obvi- ous. Perspicuousness, n. See Perspicuity. Perspiration, «. I. Exudation, sweating. 2. Sweat. Perspire, v. n. Sweat. Persuade, v. a, I. Induce, influence, lead, incite, impel, actuate, move, entice, allure, prevail upon, bring over, win over, bring round. 2. Advise, counsel, try to influence. 3. Convince, satisfy by proof or evidence. 4. Inculcate by argument, teach. Persuasion, ». I. Influence, inducement, incite- ment, suasion, bringing over. 2. Conviction, belief, opinion. 3. Conviction, creed, belief, doctrine, tenet, dogma, way of thinking, system of opinions. Persuasive, a. Convincing, cogent, logical, valid, sound, weighty, inducing, persuasory. Persuasive, «. Inducement, incitement, exhorta- tion. Pert, a. I. Lively, brisk, smart, dapper, nimble, sprightly, perk. 2. Saucy, forward, bold, impertinent, impu- dent, flippant, free, presuming, malapert. Pertain to. I. Belong to, appertain to, be the property of. 2. Behoove, befit, beseem, be incumbent on, be the duty of, devolve on. 3. Regard, concern, relate to, refer to, answer to, have relation to. Pertinacious, a. I. Constant, steady, firm, deter- mined, resolute, steadfast, stanch. 2. Stubborn, obstinate, dogged, wilful, mulish, unyielding, intractable, headstrong, perverse, wayward, inflexible. Pertinaciousness, «. See Pertinacity. Pertinacity, «. I. Resolution, determination, steadiness, constancy, inflexibility, firmness^ per- severance, persistence, persistency, pertmacy, tenacity of purpose. 2. Stubbornness, obstinacy, wilfulness, dog- gedness, headiness, mulishness, persistence, persistency. Pertinence, I «. Fitness, appropriateness, rele- Pertinency, I vancy, appositeness, suitableness, applicability, propriety, patness. Pertinent, a. I. Fit, appropriate, suitable, rele- vant, apposite, adapted, applicable, pat, proper, to the point, to the purpose. 2. Regarding, concerning, belonging, pertain- ing, appurtenant. Pertly, ad. I. Briskly, smartly, roundly, promptly. 2. Saucily, boldly, impudently, flippantly, im- pertinently. Pertness, n. I. Briskness, smartness, sprightli- ness, liveliness. 2. Sauciness, forwardness, impertinence, im- pudence, flippancy. Perturl), v. a. I. Disquiet, trouble, agitate, disturb. 2. Disorder, confuse. Pertur1)ation, n. I. Disturbance, disorder, con- fusion, commotion. 2. Agitation, trepidation, disquiet, uneasiness, excitement, discomposure, worry, vexation, rest- lessness, commotion. 3, Cause of disquiet. Perturbed, a. Disturbed, disquieted, distressed, agitated, discomposed, excited, worried, vexed. Peruke, «• Wig, periwig, scratch, perruque. Perusal, «. Reading. Peruse, v. a. I. Read. 2. Observe, examine, scrutinize, consider, inspect. Peruvian bark. Cinchona, Jesuit's bark, Cin- chona bark. Pervade, v. a. I. Permeate, penetrate, pas* through. 2. Overspread, fill, run through, be diffused through, be disseminated through, extend through, afiiect entirely. Perverse, a. I. Distorted ^rom the right), bad, perverted. 2. Obstinate, stubborn, wilful, dogged, mul- ish, untractable, unyielding, headstrong, pertina- PERVERSENESS 309 PHILANDER dous, wayward, ungovernable, froward, pervi- cacious. 3. Cross, petulant, peevish, waspish, captious, snappish, touchy, testy, crusty, churlish, crabbed, froward, morose, surly, snarling, ill-tempered, ill-natured, spieeny, spiteful. 4. Untoward, vexatious, troublesome, incon- venient. Perverseness, «. I. Obstinacy, stubbornness, wilfulness, waywardness, perversity. 2. Petulance, peevishness, churlishness, mo- roseness, surliness, ill-temper, perversity. Perversion, «. Impairment, injury, vitiation, cor- ruption, debasement, prostitution, abasement. Perversity, «. See Perverseness. Pervert, v. a. I. Distort, stretch, falsify, make an ill use of, misinterpret. 2. Entice, tempt, corrupt. 3. Convert, proselyte. Pervert, «. Apostate, proselyte. Pervious, a. Permeable, penetrable. Pestf «. I. Plague, pestilence, infection, fatal epidemic, infectious disease. 2. Bane, scourge, curse, infliction, nuisance, great annoyance, plague. P^er, V. a. I. Disturb, annoy, harass, provoke, nettle, trouble, plague, vex, tease, hector, harry, molest, bother, worry, fret, gall, bore, incom- mode, disquiet, infest, torment, badger, chafe, irritate. 2. Crowd, infest, encumber, fill. Pest-house, «. Lazar-house, hospital, lazaretto. Pestiferous, a. I. Pestilential, infectious, con- tagious, pest-bearing, infected, malignant, mor- bific. 2. Noxious, mischievous, venomous, malig- nant, vexatious, troublesojne, malign, injurious, destructive. Pestilence, «. I. Plague, pest. 2. Plague, pest, infectious disease, contagious disease, fatal epidemic. Pestilent, a. I. Pestilential, contagious, infectious, malignant. 2. Mischievous, noxious, evil» injurious, ma- lign, deadly. 3. Troublesome, mischievous, corrupt, perni- cious, vexatious. Pestilential, a. I. Infectious, contagious, catch- ing, malignant, poisonous, pestilent. 2. Pestiferous, pest-beanng. 3. Mischievous, destructive, ruinous, deadly, pernicious. Pet, «. I. Fondling, darling, favorite. 2. Angry mood, fit of peevishness, miff {foUoq. ). Pet, a. Favorite, especially liked, petted. Pet, V- a. Fondle, indulge, caress, make much of. Peter-pence, «. Rome-scot, Peter's pence. Peter's fish. Haddock. Petiole, n. {Bot.) Leaf-stalk. Petition, «. Request, prayer, supplication, en- treaty, suit, solicitation, application, appeal, address. Petition, v. a. Entreat, pray, supplicate, solicit, crave, ask, beg, apply to, make application to, prefer a request to. Petitioner, «. Suppliant, solicitor, applicant, suitor. Petitio prlndpii. [L.] {Lo^.) Beg^ngofthe question, taking for granted the question in dis- pute. Petit-nuutre, «. [Fr.] Coxcomb, dandy, fop, beau, exquisite, popinjay, jackanapes, jack-a- dandy, man of dress ; vain, showy fellow. Petrify, v. a. I. Change to stone, convert to stone. 2. Make callous, make obdurate. 3. Astonish, amaze, astound, dumfound, con- found, stupefy, take by surprise, strike dumb, stun. Petroleum, «. Rock oil, mineral oil, mineral pitch, mineral tar, stone oil, Barbadoes tar, Seneca oil. Petticoat, «. Skirt, woman's skirt. Petticoat government. Female government, female home rule. Pettifogger, n. Petty lawyer. Petdsh, a. Peevish, fretful, petulant, testy. Petty, a. I. Little, small, trifling, trivial, frivo- lous, inconsiderable, unimportant, insigniflcant, slight, diminutive, of small moment, of small account. 2. Inferior, unimportant. Petty-chaps, «. Fig-pecker, fig-eater, becafico, garden warbler, greater petty-chaps {Sylvia hor- tens is). Petulance, «. Peevishness, fretfulness, testiness, waspishness, crustiness, pettishness, snappish- ness, irritability, ill-temper. Petulant, a. I. Irascible, irritable, fretful, peev- ish, hasty, touchy, testy, crusty, pettish, wasp- ish, choleric, snappish, snarling, cross, crabbed, captious, censorious, acrimonious, perverse, fro- ward, ill-tempered, out of sorts, cavilling, ill- humored. 2. Wanton, freakish, capricious. Pew. ft. Slip. Pewit, n. [Written also Pewet and Peevit.\ Lapwing, green plover, bastard plover, wypo {Tringa vanellus). Phalansterianism, «. Fourierism, socialism, hu- manitarianism, Saint-Simonianism. Phantasm, n. I. Vision {/ancitd), appearance, apparition, phantom, illusion. 2. Idea, notion, fancy. Phantasmagoria, n. I. Magic lantern, phantas- magory. 2. Illusive images, optical illusions. Phantasmal, ) Phantasmalian, [ a. Spectral, illusive, dreamy. Phantasmatical, ) Phantom, n. I. Spectre, apparition, vision, airy spirit, ghosL 2. Manikin. Phantom-like, a. Spectral. Phantom ship. Flying Dutchman. Pharaoh, n. I. Hebrew name of the ancient Egyptian monarch. 2. Faro, pharaon. Pharaoh's chicken. Egyptian vulture. Pharaoh's rat. Ichneumon. Pharisaic, ) a. Sanctimonious, hypocritical, Pharisaical, ) formal. Pharisaism, n. Hypocrisy, formalism, sancti- moniousness, cant, pietism, phariseeism, as- sumed niety, false piety. Phariseeism, «. See Pharisaism. Pharmaceutics, «. Pharmacy. Pharmaceutist, n. Apothecary, pharmacopo* list. Pharmacist, «. Drupgist. Pharmacon, n. I. Medicine, drug. 2. Poi.son. Pharmacopoeia, n. Dispensatory. Pharmacopolist, «. Apothecary, druggist. Pharos, «. Lighthouse, watch-tower, beacon. Phascolomys, «. Wombat, phascolome i^Phasco- lomys urstnus). Phase, «. Appearance (as ofttu moon or a flatu()y aspect, phasis. Phenomenon, «. [//. Phenomena.^ I. Appear- ance, manifestation, what is seen (as distinguished from i*s essence or substance). 2, Prodigy, wonder, marvel, miracle. Philander, v- n. Coquet, flirt, make love, make a PHILANTHROPIC 310 PICKEDNESS show of love, affect to be in love, play at court- ship, pretend admiration, dally. Philanthropic, I a. Benevolent, kind, benig- Fhilanthropical, j naut, gracious, humane, lov- ing mankind. Philanthropy, n. Humanity, love of mankind, general benevolence, good-will to all men, uni- versal good-will, large-heartedness, public-spir- itedness. Philibeg, «. [Written also Fillibeg\. Kilt. Philippic, n. Invective. Philister, «. Commonplace person, philistine. Philistine, «. Commonplace person, prosaic man, practical man, utilitarian, mediocre person, nar- row-minded man. philology, «. I. Love of learning, love of litera- ture, love of letters. 2. Study of language, study of literature. 3. Criticism, grammatical learning. 4. Science of language, linguistic science, linguistics. Philomath, «. Scholar, lover of learning. Philomel, ) «. Nightingale {Luscmia pkilo- Philomela, ) mela). PhilOSOphe, «. Philosopher, petty philosopher, puny philosopher {jtsed in contempt). Philosopher, «. I. Searcher after truth, student of first principles, seeker of wisdom. 2. Theorist, theorizer, man of abstractions, speculator. HS^SSU.!- I- Of philosophy. 2. Of a philosopher, of philosophers. 3. Wise, rational, reasonable, sound. 4. Calm, cool, collected^ composed, unruffled, sedate, serene, tranquil, imperturbable, stoical, Platonic. 5. Temperate, frugal, abstemious. Philosophy, n. I. Science of causes or first principles, science of the absolute, the science of sciences. 2. Principles {o/ any department of knowl- edge)^ laws. 3. Hypothesis, theory, system, doctrine. 4. Stoicism, practical wisdom, equanimity. 5. Reasoning, argumentation. Philosophy of the academy. Philosophy of Plato, Platonic philosophy. Philosophy of the garden. Philosophy of Epi- curus, Epicurean philosophy. Philosophy of the lyceum. Philosophy of Aris- totle, peripatetic philosophy. Philosophy of the porch. Philosophy of Zeno and the Stoics, Stoical philosophy. Philter, «. Love potion, love charm. Phiz, «. [Humorously so used.'. Face, visage, countenance, physiognomy, phiznomy. _ Phlebotomy, «. Venesection, blood-letting. Phlegm, n. I, Mucus, excrementitious humor. 2. Apathy, insensibility, dulness, indifference, coldness, sluggishness. Phlegmatic, a. Apathetic, stoical, dull, sluggish, tame, cold, frigid, unfeeling, unsusceptible, im- passible, impassive, indifferent, cold-blooded, heavy. Phoebus, n. Apollo, Sol, sun, god of day, Helios. Phoenix, «. Paragon, nonesuch, nonpareil. PhSS&,}- Phonic, phonical. Phonetics, «. Phonics, phonology. Phonical I "' P*^*'"^*''^' pertaining to sound. Phonology, n. Phonetics, phonics. Phosphorescent, a. Phosphoric, phosphorical, luminous, without heat. Phosphorus, «. {Poetical.) The morning star, Lucifer, Venus, Phosphor. Phrase, «. I. Expression informing part of a sentence), brief expression. 2. Idiom, peculiar expression, turn of expres- sion. 3. Style, diction, phraseology, manner of ex- pression, mode of speech. Phrase, v. a. Call, name, style, term, denominate, entitle, designate, christen, dub. Phraseology, «. Diction, style, phrase, expres- sion, language, manner of expression, mode of speech. Phrenitis, «. [L.] (Med.) I. Inflammation of the brain. 2. Delirium, frenzy. Phrenology, «. Cramology, craniognomy. Phrensy, «. See Frenzy. Phthisis, n. (Med.) I. Consumption, maras- mus, emaciation, wasting, atrophy, decline, tabes. 2. Pulmonary consumption, phthisic. Phylactery, «. Charm, amulet, talisman, spell, phylecter. Physeter, «. Cachalot, spermaceti whale, sperm- whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Physic, n. I. Medicine, medical art, science of medicine, art of healing. 2. Drug, medicine, remedy, medicament. 3. Cathartic, purge, purgative, drench , drastic, scourer. Physic, V. a. I. Purge, drench, scour. 2. Cure, heal, treat with remedies. Physical, a. I. Material, natural. 2. Pertaining to physics or natural philoso- phy, natural. 3. External, corporeal, bodily, sensible, tangi- ble, substantial. Physician, n. I. Doctor, medical man. 2. Curer, healer. Physicist, «. Natural philosopher. Physics, «. I. Science of nature. 2. Natural philosophy, science of energy, dynamics. Physiognomy, n. Face, countenance, visage, cast of countenance, expression of countenance, phiznomy. Physiology, «. Science of life, animal and vegeta- ble economy, science of organized beings, science of the functions of animals and vegetables. Physique, «. Physical structure, organization, build, constitution. Phytophagous, a. Plant-eating. Piano, n. Pianoforte. Picaroon, n. I. Rogue, cheat, adventurer. 2. [Written also Pickeroon.'\ Pirate, corsair, buccaneer, freebooter, marauder, sea-robber, sea- rover, plunderer. Piccolo, n. fit.] Octave flute. Pick, V. a. I. Peck, pierce, strike at. 2. Pluck, pull off, pick off, gather. 3. Open (as a lock). 4. Choose, select, cull, single out, pick out, fix upon, pitch upon. 5. Clean, cleanse. 6. Gather up, collect, acquire, get. 7. Rob, snatch thievishly. Pick, V. n. I. Nibble, eat slowly. 2. Steal, pilfer. Pick, «. I. Pickaxe. 2. Tooth-pick. 3. Pike, spike. 4. Choice, right of selection. Pick a bone with one. Quarrel. Pick a quarrel. Quarrel intentionally. Pickaxe, n. Pick. Fickback, ad. On the back, pickaback, picka- pack, like a pack. Picked, a. Pointed, sharp, piked. Pickedness, ». Pointedness, sharpness. PICKET 311 PILOT-STAR Picket, n. [Written also Piquet.^ I. Stake. 2. Stake, pale. 3. (Mil.) Sentinel (on tht outposts), guard, watchman, guardsman, sentry. Pickings, «. pl. Refuse, leavings, remnants, re- mains, odds and ends. Pickle, «. I. Salt and water {/or Reserving meat), brine. 2. Vinegar (/or Preserving meats or vegeta- bles). 3. Sorry condition, sad plight, predicament (colloq.). Pick off. I. Pluck, pick, pull off. 2. Kill, wound {as a marksman). Pick out. I. Select, cull, choose, single out, fix upon, pitch upon, extract. 2. Mark out, variegate. Picksy, n. Fairy, sprite, pixy. Picktnaok, n. Parasite, flatterer, toady, please- man. Pick up. I. Take up, snatch. 2. Obtain, get by effort. 3. Get by chance. Pictorial, a. I. Illustrated. 2. Picturable Picture, ». I. Painting, drawing, engraving, print. 2. Image, resemblance, semblance, likeness, representation, similitude. 3. Description, representation. Picture, v. a. Paint, draw, represent, delineate, form an image of. Picturesque, a. I. Beautiful, picture-like, scenic. 2. Beautiful, graphic. Piddle, v. n. I. [A form of Peddle.^ (Rare.) Trifle, act with levity, be busy about trifles. 2. (Child's word.) Urinate, make water, void urine. Piddling, a. ^ Trifling, trivial, frivolous, pett>r, un- important, insignificant, immaterial, inconsidera- ble, worthless, of little value or consequence, of no moment. Piebald, a. I. Motley, mottled, variegated, pied, party-colored, divers-colored. 2. Diversified, mixed, heterogeneous, mon- grel. Piece, n. I. Part, fragment, bit, scrap. 2. Portion. 3. Thing. 4. Composition, writing, lucubration, literary production, work. 5. Coin. 6. Gun, fire-arm. 7. Paintmg, picture. 8. Drama, tragedy, comedy, melodrama or farce Piece, V. a. I. Patch. 2. Enlarge, add to, increase, augment, com- plete. 3. Unite, join, cement. Piecemeal, ad. I. In pieces, in fragments. 2. Part by part, by pieces, by little and little. Piecemeal, a. Single, separate. Piece-work, «. Job-work. Pied, a. Variegated, spotted, party-colored, pie- bald. Pierce, v. a. I. Transfix, stab. 2. Penetrate, enter, force a way into. 3. Perforate, drill, bore, puncture. 4. Affect, move, touch, strike, thrill, excite, rouse. Pierce, v. n. Penetrate, enter, force a way. Piercing, a. I. Penetrating, perforating. 2. Sharp, keen, acute, thrilling. Pierides, n. pi. Muses, tuneful nme, sacred nine, tuneful quire. Piety, n. I. Filial reverence. 2. Godliness, religion, devotion, holiness, sanc- tity, grace. Pig, «. I. Young hog. 2. Swine. 3. Pork, swine-flesh. Pigeon-beny, «• Poke, poke-weed, pocan, Vir- ginia poke, garget (Phytolacca decandra). Pigeon-hearted, a. Timid, timorous, cowardly, soft, gentle, pigeon-livered. Pigeon-house, «. Columbary, dove-cot, pigeonry. Piggery, «. Pig-stv, hog-sty, pig-pen. Piggish, a. Swinish, hoggish, greedy. Pig-headed, a. Obstinate, stupidly obstinate foolish. Pigment, «. Paint, color, coloring matter. Pig-nut, n. I. Earth-nut (Buniutn jfiexuosum). 2. Broom hickory, hog-nut (Cary a glabra). Pig-pen, n. Piggery. Pig-taU, «. I. Tail of a pig. 2. Cue, queue. 3. Rope of tobacco. Pigweed, n. Goose-foot hI^JSS:}- Fairy, elf, sprite, fay. Pike, n. I. Turnpike, toll-bar. 2. Spike, point. 3. Halberd, spoontoon. 4. {Ich.) Luce, true-jack. Piked, a. Acuminated, pointed. Pilaster, n. Debased pillar. Pile, V. a. I. Accumulate, amass 2. Collect or gather into a heap, heap up. Pile, n. I. Heap, mass, collection, accumulation. 2. Building, edifice, structure, fabric, erection. 3. Nap, woolly surface. 4. Funeral pile. Pile-dwelling, «. Lake dwelling, lacustrine dwelling, pilework. Piles, «.//. (Med.) Hemorrhoids. Pilfer, V. a. Steal {by petty the/t\ filchf purioin. Pilfer, V. n. Steal, thieve, practise petty theft. Pilfering, n. Stealing, thieving, thievery, lar- ceny, petty theft, petty larceny, pilfery. Pilgarlic, ». Wretch, outcast, Pariah, miserable fellew. Pilgrim, «. I. Traveller (especially on a religious errand), wanderer, wayfarer. 2. Crusader, palmer. 3. Sojourner, traveller. Pilgrimage, «. Journey {especially to some hal- lowed place), expedition, tour, excursion. Pillage, «. I. Spoliation, depredation, destruc- tion, devastation, plundering, rapine. 2. Plunder, booty, spoil, prey. Pillage, V. a. Plunder, spoil, despoil, sack, strip, rifle. Pillar, n. I. Column, columnar mass, pier, shaft, post. 2. Prop, support, supporter, maintainer, up- holder. Pillarist, n. Stylite, pillar saint SliM,'!"' Pileous, hairy. PiUow-Mer, n. [Written also Pillow-beer, Pil- low-bear, and Pillow-bere.'X Pillow-case. Pillow-block, «. Plumber-block. Pillow-case, «. Pillow-slip, pillow-bier. Pill-wort, n. Pepper-grass {Pilularia globu- li/era). Pilot, «. 1. Steersman, helmsman. 2. Guide, director, conductor. Pilot, V. a. Guide, direct, conduct, steer, have or take the direction of. PUot-bread, «. Hard-bread, ship-biscuit. Pilot-fish, n. Rudder-fish (Naucrates ductor). Pilot-jacket, «. Pea-jacket. Pilot-Star, «. Guiding-star, PIMENTO 312 PITCH Pimento, n. Allspice, Jamaica pepper. Pimp, «. Procurer, pander. Pimp, V. n. Pander. Pimpernel, «. Shepherd's hour-glass, poor man's hour-glass {Anagallis arvensis). Pimple, n. Blotch, eruption, pustule. Pin, «. I. Peg, bolt. 2. Straw {as something; of no value), fig, but- ton, rush, feather, farthing, brass farthing, trifle. Pin, V. a. I. Fasten with a pin. 2. Fasten, fix, make fast. 3. Shut up, confine, pen, enclose. Pinacotheca, ». Picture-gallery. Pinafore, n. Apron, tier. Pincb, V. a. I. Nip, squeeze, compress, gripe. 2. OppresSj straiten, distress, afflict. 3. Frost, nip, injure with frost. 4. Press hard, try thoroughly. Finch, V. n. I. Bear hard. 2. Spare, stint, be niggardly, be parsimonious, be frugal, economize. Pincb, n. I. Nip, gripe. 2. Gripe, pang, throe. 3. Emergency, exigency, crisis, strait, diffi- culty, push, pressure, oppression. 4. Crowbar, iron lever. 5. Small quantity. Pinchbeck, n. Brummagem, sham. Pinched, a. Distressed, straitened, reduced, indi- gent, destitute, needy, poor, necessitous, penni- less, moneyless, in need, in want, out of money, out of cash, out of pocket. Pinchfist, \ n. Miser, niggard, hunks, cur- Pinchpenny, ) mudgeon, skinflint, screw, scrimp. Pine, V. n- Languish, droop, flag, waste, decay, waste away, wither. Pine for. Long for, yearn for, languish with desire. Pinfold, n. [Written also Penfold.'\ Pound, pen. Pinguid, a. Fat, unctuous, greasy, adipose, oil}', oleaginous. Pinion, «. I. Wing, pennon. 2. Feather, quill, plume, pen. 3. Fetter {J'or the arms). Pinion, v. a. Restrain (by binding the arms), bind, fasten, shackle, fetter, chain. Pink, n. I. Rose-color. 2. {Ich.) Minnow, minion {Leuciscus phox- inus). 3. Paragon, model, perfection, beau ideal. Pink, V. a. I. Scallop, embroider. 2. Stab, pierce, wound. Pinnacle, «. I. Turret, minaret. 2. Top, summit, apex, acme, zenith, highest point, culminating point, utmost height, peak. Pin one's faith upon. Believe, put confidence in, trust, rely upon, take at one's word. Pintado, «. Guinea-hen. Plnxter, «. [Written also Pingster and Pink- ster.'\ Pentecost, Whit-Sunday, Whitsuntide. Pious, a. I. Filial. 2. Religious, godly, holy, devout, saintly, righteous. Pip, V. n. Chirp {as a chicken), mewl, peep, pipe. Pipe, n. I. Wind instrument. 2. Tube, conduit. 3. Tobacco-pipe, clay-pipe, 4. Windpipe, trachea, weasand, throttle. 5. Voice. 6. Bird-call, whistle. 7. Butt, cask. 8. [//.] Bagpipes {colloq.). Pipe, V. n. I. Play, sound. 2. Whistle, sound shrill. Piped, a. Tubular. Pipe of peace. Calumet. Piperidge, «. , I. [Written also Pepper idge.\ Barberry. 2. Tupelo, black gum {Nyssa multifloni). Piping, a. I. Whining, feeble, sickly, weak. 2. Simmering, boiling, hissing. Pipsissewa, «. [Indian name.] Wintergreen {Chimaphila umbellata). Piquancy, «. I. Pungency, high flavor, sharp- ness. 2. Sharpness, tartness, severity, smartness, liveliness. Piquant, «. I. Pungent, biting, pricking, sting- ing, high-flavored, high-seasoned, sharp. 2. Racy, lively, sparkling, interesting. 3. Sharp, tart, severe, cutting, pointed, pun- gent. Pique, n. I. Resentment {slight), grudge, um- brage, offence, wounded pride, stinging vexation, displeasure, irritation, spite. 2. Point, nicety, punctilio. Pique, V. a. I. Stimulate, incite, urge, instigate, spur, goad, set on, stir up. 2. Offend, displease, affront, provoke, incense, irritate, chafe, nettle, vex, fret, sting, wound, give offence to, give umbrage to, pain. Pique one's sel£ Plume one's self, take pride, pride one's self, value one's self. Piquet, n. {Mil.) Picket. Piracy, «. I. Robbery on the high seas, sea robbery. 2. Literary theft. Pirate, n. Corsair, buccaneer, picaroon, free- booter, sea-robber, sea-rover. Piratic ) Piratical, 1 ^- ^o^^'^g' predatory. Pirn, n. I. Bobbin, spool, reel, quill. 2. Fishing-reel. Piscator, n. Fisherman, angler. Piscatory, a. Angling, fishing. Pisciculture, «. Fish-culture. Pish, interj. Pshaw. Pismire, n. Ant, emmet. Pisolite, n. Calcareous tufa, pea-grit, pea-stone. Pissasphalt, l«. [Written also /'waj/Aa/^ and Pissasphaltum, ( Pisophalt.] Earth-pitch. Piston, n. Plunger. Pit, «. I. Cavity, hollow. 2. Indentation, dent, dint, depression, dimple. 3. Excavation, hole, cavity, hollow, well. 4. Coal-mine, coal-pit 5. Vat. 6. Gulf, abyss. 7. [With The prefixed.] Hell, pandemonium, bottomless pit. 8. [With The prefixed.] Grave, death. 9. Snare, trap, pitfall. 10. Parquet, parterre. Pit against. Set to fight {as cocks in a pit), set in opposition, match for a contest, set together by the ears. Pit-a-pat, ad. In a flutter, with throbs, with palpitation. Pitch, ». I. Degree of elevation. 2. Degree, measure, extent, range, rate. 3. Height, loftiness, highest rise. 4. Size, stature. 5. Declivity, descent, slope, inclination. 6. Degree of slope, degree of inclination. 7. Throw, toss, cast, jerk. 8. {Mus.) Relative height. Fitch, V. a. I. Throw, cast, fling, hurl, toss, launch, send, dart, lance, jaculate. 2. Set (as a tent), fix, plant, place, station, locate, settle, establish. 3. Set, fix {as price). Fitch, V. n. I. Fall, plunge, fall headlong. 2. Light, settle, rest. 3. Encamp. 4. {Naut.) Rise and fall. PITCH-BLACK 313 PLAINLY Pitch-blacky a. Black as pitch. Pitch-dark, a. Dark as pitch, very dark. Pitcher. «. Jug, jar, pot, ewer. Pitch of an arch. Rise, versed sine. Pitch npon. Pitch on, choose, select, decide on, determine on, fix upon, fix choice. Pitchy, a. Dark, black, dismal, rayless, sunless, Cimmerian, piceous Pit-coal, H. Mineral coal. Piteous, a. I. Sorrowful, mournful, woful, dole- ful, rueful, affecting, distressing, grievous, mov- ing pity, exciting compassion. 2. Pitiable, deplorable, wretched, miserable, deserving pity, to be pitied, lamentable. 3. Compassionate, tender. Pitfall, n. Trap, snare. Pith, ». I. (Aftaf.) Marrow, spinal cord. 2. Essence, quintessence, substance, gist, soul, chief part, essential part, vital part, heart, marrow. 3. Weight, moment, importance. 4. Force, strength, energy, vigor. 5. Energy, cogency, force, vigor, closeness of thought. Pithy, a. I. Forcible, energetic, cogent. 2. Terse, laconic, brief, concise, short, com- pact, pointed, sententious, full of meaning. Pitiable, a. Deplorable, wretched, lamentable, miserable, piteous, deserving pity, to be pitied. Pitiful, a. I. Compassionate, tender, tender- hearted, sympathetic, kind, merciful, lenient, mild. 2. Miserable, pitiable, wretched, deplorable, lamentable. 3. Mean, base, vile, low, paltry, sorry, abject, rascally, contemptible, despicable, insignificant, worthless. Pitiless, a. I. Merciless, hard-hearted, unmer- ciful, unpitying, relentless, ruthless, implacable, inexorable^ cruel, unfeeling, unsympathizing. 2. Unpitied. Pittance, ». I. Allowance («l. Polypi.l {Zodl.) Polype, polyp, radiate animal. POLYSYLLABLE 318 PORPHYRY PolysyllaWe, ». Word of many syllables. Pomade, n. Pomatum. Pomatum, ». Pomade. Pommel, «. [Written also Pummel.'] Knob, ball, protuberant part. Pommel, v. a. [Written also Pummel.] Beat, bruise, thrash, flog, bang, maul, thwack, thump, belabor, trounce. Pomp, n. Parade, display, show, splendor, mag- nificence, pageantry, pageant, flourish, state, ostentation, pompousness, grandeur, pride, flourish. Pomposity, «. Boastfulness, boasting, pretension, ostentation, pompousness, parade. Pompous, a. I. Showy, ostentatious, stately, lofty, grand, majestic, magnificent, superb, splendid, august, magisterial, dignified. 2. Swelling, mflated, bombastic, turgid, pre- tentious, stilted, boastful, grandiloquent, high- flowing, high-sounding, high-flown, ostentatious, tumid, grandiose, magniloquent, flauntinjr, puffy. Pompousness, «. I. Grandeur, magnificence, pageantry, splendor, state, pomp, dignity. 2. Pretension, boastfulness, ostentation, pom- posity. Ponder, v. a. Consider, weigh, contemplate, study, meditate, think on, reflect upon, deliberate upon, revolve in the mind, examine. Ponder, v, n. Think, muse, reflect, cogitate, meditate, study, deliberate. Ponderosity, «. Weight, gravity, heaviness, ponderousness Ponderous, a. I. Heavy, weighty, massive, bulky. 2. Momentous, important, weighty. 3. Forcible, mighty. Pond-lily, «. Water-lily {Nymphced). Poniard, «. Dagger {small), dirk, stiletto. Pontiff, ft. I. High-priest. 2. Pope, bishop of Rome, Pontifex max- imus. Pontifical, a. Popish, papal. Pontificate, «• Popedom, papacy. Pontoon-biidge, «. Bridge of boats, floating bridge. Pony, «. Sheltie. small horse. Pooh, inierj. Poh, pshaw, pish, pah. Pool, n. I. Pond {small), mere, lake, loch. 2. Puddle, plash, collection of standing water. Poor, a. I. Indigent, needy, necessitous, pinched, straitened. 2. Penniless, moneyless, impecunious, desti- tute, distressed, poverty-stricken, seedy, reduced, short of money, out of money, without a penny, out of pocket, out of cash, out at the elbows, out at the heels, in need, in want, hard up, in dis- tress, living from hand to mouth, not worth a farthing, not worth a sou, not rich, badly off, poorly off. 3. Emaciated, lean, thin, meagre, lank, gaunt, skinny, shrunk, fallen away. 4. Barren, sterile, unfruitful, unfertile, unpro- ductive, fruitless, unprolific. 5. Trifling, trivial, slight, small, slender, flimsy, insufficient, inadequate, worthless, unim- portant, of little use or worth, valueless, paltry. 6. Unsound, infirm, feeble, delicate, weak, frail. 7. Shabby, seedy, worthless, valueless, in- ferior, not good. 8. Contemptible, despicable, paltry, mean, sorry, beggarly, pitiful, shabby, bad, low, inferior. 9. Feeble, languid, weak, bald, tame, jejune, vapid, cold, frigid, dull, prosing, prosy, prosaic, spiritless, barren, mean, meagre, dry. 10. Miserable, wretched, unfortunate, luckless, ill-fated, ill-starred, unlucky, unhappy, piti- able. 11. Meagre, insufficient, inadequate, scant, small. 12. Faulty, unsatisfactory. 13. Thin, scanty. 14. Weak, feeble, poor, flimsy. Poor, n. pi [With The prefixed.] I. The in- digent, the needy. 2. Paupers. Poor as a rat ^ Poor as a chuirch mouse, ^'i? JT^tftmr'^^ Poor as Job. j P®""^' destitute. Foorhouse, «. Workhouse, almshouse. Poor in spirit. Humble, contrite, meek, repent- ant. Poorly, ad. I. In want. 2. Insufficiently, inadequately, defectively. 3. Meanly Poorly, a. Indisposed, ailing, not well, feeble, somewhat ill {collog.). Poorness, n. Poverty. Poor-spirited, a Mean, cowardly, base, mean- spirited. Pop, n. Report, clap, burst, explosion, detonation. Pop, ad. Suddenly, unexpectedly, on a sudden. Pope, n. Pontiff, bishop of Rome, Pontifex MaX' imus. Popedom, «. I. Papacy, pontificate. 2. Papal jurisdiction, apostolic see. Popery, «. Papism, papistry, Roman Catholic religion. Popinjay, «. Fop, coxcomb, dandy, exquisite, beau, macaroni, jackanapes, jack-a-dandy, man milliner, man of dress ; vain, showy fellow, petii- tnaitre. Popish, a. Papistic, papistical, Roman Catholic. Poppy-like, a. Papaverous. Pop the question. Propose, offer one's self, offer marriage. Populace, «. Commonalty, the people, the crowd, the multitude, the many, the masses, the million, the vulgar herd, the common people, the lower classes, the vulgar, the humbler classes, mob, rabble- Popular, «. I. Of the people. 2. Plain, familiar, easy, comprehensible. 3. Received {by the people), accepted, ac- credited, favorite, liked, approved. 4. Current, prevailing, prevalent, common, general, in vogue, in favor. Popularity, «• I. Favor {of the people), popular regard or acceptance, popularness. 2. Fame, repute, celebrity, vogue. Populate, V. a. People Population, ». I. Peopling. 2. Inhabitants, people, number of people. 3. Populousness. Populous, a. Crowded, thickly settled. Porcelain, «. China, china ware. Porcelain-clay, «. Kaolin. Porcelain-jasper, «. Porcelainite. Porch, n. I. Portico, entrance-way, vestibule. 2. [With The: prefixed.] The Stoic philos- ophy, philosophy of Zeno, school of the Stoics. Porcine, a. I. Pertaining to swine. 2. Hog-like, swinish. Pore, n. Orifice, spiracle, small opening. Pore, V. n. Brood, dwell, look steadily, fix the attention, give one's mind, read steadily, examine diligently. Pork, «. Swine-flesh, pig-meat. Porker, «. Hog, pig, sow, swine, porkling. Porosity, «. Porousness. Porous, a. Pervious, permeable, penetrable, per- colable, pory. Porphyry, «. Rosso antiquo. PORPOISE 319 POSTERIOR Porpoise, n. I. [Written also Porpess, Porpesse, Porpice, and Porpus.~\ Sea-hog. 2. Monster, mammoth, behemoth, mountain, leviathan, Triton among the minnows. Porridge, «. Broth, soup, pottage. PorrigO, «. {Med. ) Scald-head, ringworm of the scalp. Porringer, «. Porridge dish. Port, ». I. Harbor, haven, roadstead, anchor- age. 2. Entrance, passage-way, gate, door. 3. Embrasure, port-hole. 4. Larboard, left side. 5. Demeanor, behavior, bearing, air, presence, mien, carriage, deportment, appearance. 6. Port-wine. Portable, a. Movable, light, handy, convenient, easily transported, manageable. Portal, «. Gate, gateway, entrance, passage-way, door. Porte, n. Turkish court, Sublime Porte, Ottoman government. Porte-monnale, «. [Fr.] Pocket-book, purse. Portend, ». a. Presage, forebode, foretoken, be- token, foreshow, foreshadow, augur, prognosti- cate, threaten, indicate, bode. Portent, «. Omen {of ill), presage, prognostic, augury, sign, warning. Portentous, a. I. Ominous {of ill), premonitory, ill-boding, inauspicious, unpropitious. 2. Monstrous, prodigious, wonderful, amaz- ing, tremendous, stupendous, marvellous. Porter, «. I. Carrier. 2. Door-keeper, concierge. Port-hole, « Embrasure, port. Portico, n. I. Covered walk, colonnade, arcade. 2. Porch, vestibule, entrance-way. Portlftre, «. Door-curtain. Portion, n. I. Part, piece, fragment, bit, scrap, morsel 2. Share, allotment, division, parcel, lot, quantity, dividend, quota, contingent. 3. Fate, final state. 4. Dowry, wife's fortune. 5. Share, inheritance. Portion, V. a. I. Divide, allot, deal out, dis- tribute, parcel. 2. Endow, supply with a portion. Portly, a. I. Stately, grand, majestic, magiste- rial, dignified, imposing. 2. Stout, plump, fleshy, round, in good case, large, bulky, burly. Portmanteau, «. Valise, travelling bag. Portrait, «. Representation {of a face or a per- son, drawn or painted), likeness, portraiture, picture. Portraiture, «. I. See Portrait. 2. Portrait-drawing, portrait-painting. Portray, v. a. I. Paint, delineate, depict, draw, sketch, represent. 2. Describe, set forth. Portrayal, «. I. Delineation, painting, repre- sentation, sketch. 2. Description, account. Portulaca, «. Purslane. Port-wine, «. Port Pose, n. Attitude {formally assumed), posture, artificial position. Pose, V. a. Puzzle, stagger, embarrass, bewilder, perplex, mystify, nonplus, put out, put to a stand, confound, dumfound. Poseidon, «. Neptune. Poser, n. I. Puzzler, close examiner. 2. Riddle, enigma, mystery, knotty point. Position, n. I. ' Station, situation, spot, place, locality, post, site. 2. Relation. 3. Attitude, posture. 4. Proposition, principle, thesis, dictum, tion, doctrine, predication, affirmation. 5. Place, standing, social rank. 6. State, condition, place, circumstances. 7. Place, situation. Positive, a. I. Express, direct, explicit, deter- minate, defined, precise, definite, clear, unequiv- ocal, unmistakable, categorical, expressed, laid down. 2i Real, actual, veritable, substantial, true, absolute, existing in fact. 3. Absolute, not relative. 4. Confident, sure, assured, certain, fully con- vinced. 5. Indisputable, decisive, incontrovertible, in- dubitable. 6. Decisive, unconditional, imperative. 7. Dogmatic, stubborn, peremptory, obstinate, over-confident, tenacious, overbearing. Positively, ad. I. Expressly, explicitly, pre- cisely, categorically, definitely, directly. 2. Actually, really, truly, in fact, in reality. 3. Absolutel^r. 4. Really, directly, inherently. 5. Certamly, surely, assuredly, confidently. 6. Certainly, indubitably, assuredly. 7. Peremptorily, dogmatically, arbitrarily. Possess, V. a. I. Own, have a title to, be seized of. 2. Have, hold, occupy, control. 3. Put in possession. 4. Acquaint, inform, make known. 5. Seize, obtain, take posses.sion of. Possession, «. I. Ownership. 2. Occupation, occupancy, control, tenure, retention. 3. Thing possessed, property. 4. State of being possessed, madness, lu- nacy. Possessions, «. //. Property, estate, effects, assets. Possessor, «. I. Owner, proprietor, master. 2. Holder, occupant, occupier. Possibility* «• I. Potentiality. 2. Contingency. 3. Chance. Possible, a. 1. Potential, in posse. 2. Practicable, feasible, likely. Possibly, ad. Perhaps, perchance, peradventure, mayhap, haply, maybe, it may be, as luck may have it. Post, n. I. Pillar, column, support. 2. Station, position, seat. 3. Office, employment, place, situation, sta- tion. 4. Messenger, intelligencer, mercury. 5. Postman, courier, letter-carrier, express, mail-carrier. 6. Mail. 7. Speed, haste, hurry, despatch. Post, V. a. I. Place, station, set, put, fix, estab- lish. 2. Placard, advertise, announce, make known, blaze abroad, spread abroad. 3. Stigmatize (^y public notice), vilify, brand, defame, disgrace. 4. Put in the ledger, carry to the ledger. 5. Mail, put in the mail, put in the post-office. Posted, a. I. Placed, situated. 2. [Colloq.yU. S.) Instructed, well-informed, posted up. Poster, n. Placard, bill, hand-bill, broadside, afficiu. Posterior, a. I. Subsequent, following, later, after, succeeding, ensuing. 2. Hind, hinder, back, rear. POSTERITY 820 PRACTICAL Posterity, «. Descendants, offspring, progeny, succeeding generations. Postfix, n. Affix, suffix. Posthaste, ad. With speed, with expedition, fast, rapidly. Posthumous, a. Post-obit, after death. Postman, n. Courier, post, letter-carrier. Post-meridian, a. Afternoon. Post mortem. [L.] I. After death. 2. Autopsy, post-mortem examination, post- obit. Postpone, V. a. Defer, delay, adjourn, procrasti- nate, put off, stave off, let lie over, prorogue. Post-prandial, a. After-dinner. Postscript, n. Appendix, supplement. Postulate, n. I. Supposition, conjecture, hy- pothesis, assumption, theory, speculation, axiom, assumed truth, posiulaium. 2. (Geom.) Self-evident problem. Postulate, z/- a. I. Assume, presuppose. 2. Solicit, entreat, supplicate, beseech. Postulation, ». I. Gratuitous assumption, sup- position. 2. Supplication, intercession, solicitation, re- quest- 3. Suit, cause. Posture, «. I. Position, attitude, pose. 2. State, condition, situation, phase. 3. Disposition, mood, condition, state, phase. Posy, n. I. Nosegay, bouquet, bunch of flowers. 2. Inscription {as on a ring), legend, motto, verse. Pot, n. I. Kettle, saucepan, pan, skillet. 2. Mug, cup, stoop, tankard, can. 3. Jar, jug, crock. Potable, a. Drinkable, potulent, that may be drunk. Potable, «. Beverage, drink. Potash, «. Potassa, protoxide of potassium. Potassa, n. See Potash. Potation, ». I. Drinking. 2. Drink, draught. 3. Dram, drink, potion, draught. _ A. Drinking-bout, debauch, carouse, perpota- tion, tippling. Pot-hellied, a. Large-bellied, great-bellied, big- bellied, tun-bellied, paunchy, abdominous. Pot-companion, ». Fellow-drinker, pot-man, boon companion. Potency, «. I. Power, might, efficacy, force, strength, energy, vigor, puissance. 2. Authority, influence, sway, control. Potent, a. I. Strong, forcible, powerful, effica- cious, physically strong. 2. Powerful, mighty, able, efficient, puissant, strong. 3. Influential, efficacious, cogent, powerful. Potentate, «. Monarch, sovereipfn, king, emperor, prince, ruler. Potential, a. Possible, in posse. Potentiality, «. Possibility. Pother, «. Bustle, tumult, turmoil, flutter, rum- Eus, confusion, pudder, huddle, turbulence, hurly- urly, commotion. Pother, V. a. Harass, perplex, puzzle, tease, embarrass, beset, confuse, confound, bewilder, pose. Pot-house, ft. Ale-house, grog-shop, tavern, public-house. Potion, n. Draught {especially of medicine), dose, drench, cup. Pot-pourri, «. [Fr.] Medley, mixture, hotch- potch, hodge-podge, farrago, jumble, miscellany, salmagundi, gallimaufry, olio, mish-mash, con- fused mass, vtelange. Potter, V. «. Trifle, pudder, busy one's self about trifles. Pottery, «. Earthen ware, clay ware. Potulent, a. I. Drinkable, potable. 2. Muddled, fuddled, boosy, mellow, disguised, muzzy, worse for liquor, mused. Pouch, «. Bag (small), sack. Poultice, n. Cata])lasm. Poultry, «. Domestic fowls. Pounce, n. Claw, talon. Pounce upon. Seize (as with claws), fall upon. Pound, V. a. I. Beat, strike. 2. Bray, bruise, crush, pulverize, triturate, comminute, levigate. 3. Impound, confine in a pound, coop, enclose, shut up. Pour, V. a. I. Let flow {by decanting). 2. Emit, let out, give vent to, send forth. Pour, V. n. Flow, issue, stream. Pourhoire, «. Drink-money, trinkgeld. Pout, n. I, Whiting-pout, bib-pout (Morrkua Itisca). 2. Catfish, horn-pout, horned-pout, bull-head {Pimelodus cattus). 3. Fit of sullenness, sulk. Pout, V. n. Look sullen {by protruding the lips), look black, show ill-temper. Pouting, a. Sulky, sullen, ill-humored. Poverty, n. I. Indigence, penury, want, destitu- tion, need, necessity, privation, neediness, dis- tress, straitened circumstances. 2. Beggary, mendicancy, pauperism. 3. Need, lack, want, deficiency, scantiness, sparingness, meagreness, jejuneness. 4-. Paucity, exiguity, poorness, smallness. 5. Barrenness, sterility, unproductiveness, un- fruitfulness. Powder, «. I, Dust, pulverized substance. 2. Gunpowder. Powder, v. a. I. Comminute, pulverize, levigate, triturate. 2. Sprinkle. Powder-post, «. \U.S.'\ Dry-rot, sap-rot. Powdery, a. I. Dusty, mealy, pulverulent. 2. Friable, crumbling. Power, n. I. Ableness, efficacy, ability, capa- bility, faculty, efficiency, cogency, competency, might. 2. Force, energy, strength, ability. 3. Susceptibility, capacity. 4. Faculty, talent, endowment, gift. 5. Authority, authoritativeness, rule, preroga- tive, sovereignty, sway, control, domination, do- minion, influence, command, government. 6. Sovereign, potentate, governor, ruler, mon- arch. 7. Divinity, angel {good ox bad), spirit. 8. Host, army, troop. 9. Fleet, navy. Powerful, a. I. Mighty, potent, puissant. 2. Vigorous, robust, sturdy, strong, able- bodied, muscular, sinewy, nervous. 3. Of great power, commanding, able, over- powering, dominating, forcible, forceful. 4. Efficacious, effective, efficient, effectual, energetic, operative, influential, cogent, valid. Pnacticahility, «• I. Feasibility, feasibleness, possibility, practicableness. 2. Fitness for use, the being open to travel or passage, passability, passableness, openness to entrance. Practicable, a. I. Feasible, performable, pos- sible, achievable, attainable. 2. Capable of use, usable, capable of passage or entrance, passable, penetrable. Practicableness, «. See Practicability, Practical, a. I. Adapted to practice or use, not speculative, not theoretical, adjusted to facts, not visionary. PRACTICALLY 321 PRECIOUS METALS 2. Experienced, versed, proficient, trained, qualified, practised, skilled, thoroughbred, able, au /ait. Practically^ ad. I. See Practical. 2. Actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in effect, so far as results are concerned. PractiC8t «• !• Custom, habit, wont, frequent repetition. 2. Use, usage, customary course. 3. Acting out, actual performance, doing, habitual doing. 4. Exercise {as of a profession), pursuit, appli- cation. 5. Exercise, drill, habitual performance {/or skilTs sake), constant exercise or use. 6. Actions, acts, behavior, conduct, proceed- ing, dealing. Practise, v. a. [Written also Practice.] I. Do or perform repeatedly, exercise or drill one's self in. 2. Exercise, apply, pursue, carry on, use. 3. Put into action or practice, carry out, do, perform, perpetrate. Practised, a. Experienced, instructed, versed, thoroughbred, trained, accomplished, proficient, able, skilled, qualified, practical, au/ait. Pragmatical, a. I. Meddling, officious, meddle- some, impertinent, intermeddling, interfering, intrusive, obtrusive, over-busy. 2. Very matter-of-fact, absorbed in realism, hostile to ideals, fond of the material, obtuse to ideas, stolid, of the earth, earthy. Praise, «. I. Commendation, approval, appro- bation. See Applause. 2. Eulogy, eulogium, encomium, laud, lauda- tion, glorification, panegyric, tribute of praise. 3. Glorification, homage, worship, tribute of gratitude, exaltation, extolling, 7> Deum, Laus Deo., Gloria in excelsis, Gloria^ hosanna, alle- luia. 4. Fame, renown, celebrity, distinction, honor, glory. 5. Merit, desert, praiseworthiness, ground for praise. Praise, v. a. I. Commend, approve, approbate, applaud 2. Extol, eulogize, panegyrize, celebrate, laud. 3. Magnify, glorify, exalt, worship, adore, bless, do homage to, do honor to. Praiseworthy, a. Commendable, laudable, meri- torious, deserving of approbation. Prank, «. Caper, frolic, antic, gambol, trick- Prank, V. a. Bedizen, begaud, trick out Prank, v. n. Make ostentation, make a gaudy show. Pranked out. Bedizened, jaunty, showy, ostenta- tious, finical, airy, gairish, flashy. Prankish, a. Sportive, plavful, frolicsome, game- some, antic, mischievous, full of play, full of fun. Prate, v. «. Prattle, chatter, tattle, babble, gabble, palaver, jabber, be loquacious, be garru- lous. Prate, v. a. Tell {/oolishly), babble, utter, prate about Prate, «. Prattle, gabble, chatter, twaddle, palaver, idle talk, childish talk, twattle, non- sense. Prater, «. Chatterer, rattle-head, prattler, tattler, babbler, gabbler, palaverer. Prattle, v. «. See Prate. Prattle, «. See Prate. Pray, v. a. Ask (earnestly), request, entreat, im- portune, beseech, supplicate, implore, beg, peti- tion, invoke, conjure, call upon. See Adjure. Pray, v. «. I. [Usually with /or.'^ Supplicate, entreat, petition, beg, implore, importune, prefer a petition or request. 2. Commune with God, address the Supreme Being, supplicate our Maker, seek the throne of grace, approach the mercy-seat. Prayer, » I. Supplication, entreaty, solicitation, imploration, beseeching, suit, petition, request. 2. Communion with God, invocation of God, supplication of God, devotion (s), invocation, orison, litany, suffrage {eccles.), adoration. Prayerful, a. Given to prayer, of much converse With God, devout, devotional, religious, pious, lowly-minded, reverent. Praying-macUne, «. I. Praying-mill, praying- wheel. 2. Formalist, maker of vain repetitions, sup- pliant with the lips. Preach, v. a. I. Proclaim {as in a religious dis- course), declare, publish, pronounce, deliver. 2. Inculcate, teach, urge, press urgently. Preach, v. «. I. Deliver sermons, discourse on religious subjects. 2. Prate sanctimoniously, exhort over-right- eously, moralize ex catliedra. Preaching friar. Blackfriar, Dominican, Jacobin, preche-i _ ntly, tall exhortation, unduly extol. predicant, preaching brother, /V-^r/f^ Preach up. Commend urgently, talk up, urge by Preamble, «. Introduction {especially of a legis- lative act), prelude, preface, introductory part. Precarious, a. Uncertain, unsettled, unsteady, doubtful, dubious, equivocal, insecure, not to be depended upon, unreliable, hazardous, perilous, risky, riskful, unassured. Precatory, a Suppliant, beseeching, supplicating, imploring, praying, begging, entreating, of sup- plication, prayer, or entreaty. Precaution, ». I. Forethought, foresight, timely care, prudence, providence, circumspection, wan- ness, care. 2. Premunition, prior measure, preventive measure, provision. Precautionary, a. Provident, preservative, pre- ventive. Precede, v. a. Go before {in place or in time), go ahead of, take the lead of, be anterior to, take precedence of, lead, introduce, herald, usher in, head. Precedence, I «. I. Priority {in time), anterior- Precedency, ) ity, antecedence. 2. Preference, superiority, pre-eminence, lead, supremacy. Precedent, a. Antecedent See Preceding. Precedent, «. Authoritative example, prior in- stance, antecedent, example, pattern, historic warrant, authority in past practice. Preceding, a.^ Antecedent, precedent, anterior, previous, prior, precursory, earlier, foregoing, above, above-mentioned, aforesaid, above-named. Precept, «■ I. Command, injunction, instruction, order, mandate, commandment, behest, dictate, decree, edict, law, ordinance, ordination, regula- tion, canon. 2. Doctrine, principle, maxim, rule, direction. Preceptor, «. Teacher, tutor, instructor, master, sclioolmaster. See Pedagogue. Precinct, «. I. Limit, confine, bound, boundary, terminus, term, list, border, frontier, march, purlieu, environs. 2. District, territorial division. Precious, a. I. Costly, of great price, priceless. 2. Very valuable, of great worth, of great value, inestimable, priceless. 3. Dear, beloved, darling, very estimable, highly esteemed or valued, cherished, treas- ured, prized, idolized, adored. 4. (ironical.) Good-for-nothing, worthless, contemptible, base, despicable, pitiful. Precious metals. Gold and silver. 21 PRECIOUS STONES 322 PREFIGURATION Precious stones. Jewels, gems. Precipice, n. Cliff, crag, steep, abrupt declivity, clift. Precipitance, ) «. I. Haste, hurry, precipitation. Precipitancy, ) flurry. 2. Rashness, temerity, precipitation, reckless- ness, heedlessness, inconsiderateness, thought- lessness. See Rashness. Precipitate, v. a. I. Throw or hurl headlong, cast down, fling downward. 2. Hasten, hurry, accelerate, speed, expedite, urge forward, quicken, despatch, forward, ad- vance, further, bring on, cause to occur too soon, bring on sooner. 3. {Chem.) Throw down, cause to subside. Precipitate, «. {Chem.) Precipitated substance. Precipitate, a. I. Hasty, hurried, rash, head- long, reckless, indiscreet, over-hasty, rashly hasty. 2. Violent, sudden, abrupt. Precipitation, «. I. Haste, hurry, flurry, pre- cipitance, precipitancy. 2. Rashness, recklessness, thoughtlessness, heedlessness, inconsiderateness, temerity. Precipitous, a. I. Steep, abrupt, sheer, perpen- dicular. 2. Precipitate, headlong, rushing, sudden, sheer downward. Precise, a- I. Exact, correct, definite, strict, ex- press, distinct, explicit, severe, well-defined, accu- rate, nice, pointed, unequivocal. 2. Scrupulous, strict, careful, exact {in con- duct). 3. Formal, ceremonious, stiff, rigid, starch, starched, prim, punctilious, finical. Precisian, «. Formalist, martinet, precisianist. Precision, m Exactness, preciseness, accuracy, nicety, distinctness, exactitude, severe correct- ness, rigorous truth. Preclude, v. a. Prevent, hinder, debar, restrain, inhibit, stop, bar, shut out, obviate. Precocious, a. Premature {especially in mental development), too forward, over-forward. Precocity, «• Prematureness {of the mental/acui- ties)^ precociousness, unusually early develop- ment. Preconceive, v. a. Prejudge, form a prior con- ception of. Preconception, «. Anticipatory notion, anticipa- tion, conception previous to the fact, prejudiced view, prejudice. Preconcert, v. a. Premeditate, predetermine, consider beforehand, agree to beforehand, pre- arrange, concoct, prepare. Precursor, «. I. Forerunner, predecessor, ante- cedent, cause. 2. Messenger, harbinger, herald, vancourier, avant-courier, pioneer, advance-guard. Prectirsory, a. I. Forerunning, preceding, pre- cedent, antecedent, anterior, prior, previous, prevenient. 2. Prelusive, prelusory, introductory, prefa- tory, precursive, preliminary, proemial, prepara- tory, initiatory, premonitory, prognosticative. Predacious, a. Rapacious, ravenous, greedy, voracious, living by prey. Predatory, a. Plundering, pillaging, ravaging. Predecessor, «. I. Precursor {in any office or posit io7t\ forerunner. 2. Ancestor, forefather, progenitor, elder. Predestinate, v. a. Predetermine, foreordain, preordain, predestine, foredoom, appoint before- hand. Predestination, n. Predetermination, foreordina- nation, preordination, foreordainment, foredoom, necessity, fate. Predestine, v. a. Predetermine. See Predesti- nate. Predetermination, «. See Predestination. Predetermined, a. Foregone, already settled. PredicaWe, a. Aflirmable, attributable, holding true or good. Predicament, n. I. Situation {especially a bad situation)^ condition, state, position, posture, attitude, plight, case. 2. {Colloq.) Pass, pinch, push, extremity, exigency, emergency, conjuncture. 3. {Log^.) Category, head of predication. Predicant, «. Dominican, Jacobin, Blackfriar, preaching friar, frkre prtcheur. Predicate, v. a. Assert, maintain, aver, declare, say. Predication, «. Assertion, declaration, averment, statement. Predict, v. a. Foretell, prophesy, prognosticate, presage, augur, betoken, foretoken, portend, divine, forebode. See Vaticinate. Prediction, «. Prophecy, prognostication, augury, presage, foreboding, vaticination, divination, soothsaying, foretelling, fore-announcement. Predictive, a. Prophetic, presaging, foretelling, portending, betokening, foreshadowing. Predictor,^ «. Foreteller, prophet, soothsayer, seer, vaticinator, augur, diviner. Predilection, «. Prepossession {in favor of), partiahty, preference, inclination, bent, leaning, bias, predisposition, liking, fondness, love, desire. Predispose, v. a. Incline, dispose, bias, fit, pre- pare, make ready. Predisposition, «. I. Inclination, disposition, willingness, propensity, proclivity, leaning, bent, bias, proneness, natural tendency, aptitude. 2. Prepossession. See Predilection. Predominance, ) n. Supremacy, ascendency, as- Predominancy, j cendancy, dominion, domina- tion, dominance, rule, reign, prevalence, supe- riority, sovereignty, mastery, preponderance, prepollence, prepollency, controlling influence, sway, authority. Predominant, a. Prevailing, prevalent, supreme, ascendant, overruling, dominant, sovereign, reg- nant. Predominate, v. n. Prevail, dominate, rule, pre- ponderate, be supreme, be sovereign, be in the ascendant. Pre-eminence, «. Superiority, supremacy, prece- dence, priority of place, excellence, supreme excellence, commanding position. Pre-eminent, a. Superior, supreme, excellent, excelling, surpassing, peerless, unequalled, tran- scendent, paramount, consummate, predominant. Pre-engage, v. a. Preoccupy. Preface, «. Introduction, preamble, proem, pre- lude, prolegomena, exordium, preliminary, prelu- sion, prolusion. See Prologue. Prefatory, a. Introductory, preliminary, prelu- sive, prelusory, precursory, precursive, proemial, preparatory, initiative. Prefer, v. a. I. Offer, proffer, tender, present, address, bring forward, set forth. 2. Raise, elevate, promote, advance. 3. Choose, select, elect, pick, pick out, single out, fix upon, pitch upon, fancy, count more desirable. Preferable, a. More eligible, more desirable, de- serving of preference, worthier of choice, to be preferred, better. Preferably, ad. Rather, by preference, by choice. Preference, «. Choice, election, selection, predi- lection, estimation, precedence, priority. Preferment, «. Promotion, advancement, exalta- tion, elevation, dignity, benefice. Prefieuration, «. Type, foreshadowing, adum- bration. PREFIGURE 323 PRESAGE Prefigure, v. a. Foreshow, foretoken, betoken, foreshadow, portend, signify, indicate. Pregnant, a. I. With child, gravid, great with child, enceinte, 2. Fraught, replete, full, teeming with mean- ing, important, significant. 3. Fruitful, fertile, prolific, productive, impreg- nating, generative, fecund, procreant. Prejudge, v. a. Forejudge, prejudicate. Prejudgment, «. Prejudice. Prejudicate, v. a. See Prejudge. Prejudice, n. I. Prejudgment, prepossession {against), bias, unfairness, preconception, par- tiality. 2. Harm, mischief, hurt, detriment, loss, in- jury, damage, disadvantage, impairment. Prejudice, v. a. I. Bias, warp, prepossess unfavorably, influence against. 2. Injure, damage, hurt, impair, diminish. Prejudiced, a. Biassed, bigoted, wedded to an opinion, unfair, partial, partisan, one-sided. Prejudicial, a. Hurtful, mischievous, injurious, detrimental, deleterious, noxious, damaging, dis- advantageous, unfavorable, inimical, hostile. Prelacy, «. I. Office of prelate, prelateship, pre- lature, episcopal office. 2. Episcopacy, prelatism, hierarchy, hierarch- ism, hierocracy. Prelate, «. Archbishop, bishop, cardinal, patri- arch, primate, pope, pontiff, ecclesiastic in authority. Prelect, v. «. Lecture, discourse, read, deliver lectures. Prelection, n. Lecture, discourse, reading. Prelector, «. Lecturer, reader. Preliminary, a. Introductory, preparatory, prefa- tory, proemial, prelusive, prelusory, precursory, precursive, initiatory, previous, prior, precedent, antecedent. Preliminary, «. Introduction, preparatory step, act, or measure. See Prelude. Prelude^ «. Introduction, preparation, prelusion, preliminary, preface, preamble, proem, exordium. See Prologuh. Prelusive, 1 a. Introductory, prefatory. See Prelusory, ) Preliminary. Premature, a. I. Precocious, too forward, too soon ripe. 2. Unseasonable, too early, untimely, precip- itate, hasty, ill-considered, sooner than intended, sooner than due, unmatured. Prematurely, ad. Precociously, too early, too soon. Premeditate, v. a. Precontrive, plan beforehand, deliberate, deliberately intend, predetermine, predesign, plan, plot, prearrange. Premeditation, «. Forethought, previous de- liberation, reflection, or thought, predeter- mination, deliberate intent or intention, design, distinct purpose. Premier, n. Prime minister. Premise, v. a. Preface, lay down beforehand, state at the outset, set forth at the beginning, explain previously. Premise, v. n. Begin, enter upon the subject, open, set out. Premise, n. I. Antecedent, proposition, ground, argument, support. 2. [.Only in //.] Conditions, relations, facts rehearsed, circumstances. Premium, «. I. Reward, recompense, remun- eration, meed, guerdon, encouragement, douceur, bounty, prize, bonus. 2. Annual rate \,of insurance), yearly pay- ment. 3. Rate above par, amount over par, en- hancemeut, appreciation. Premonisll, v. a. Forewarn, caution, warn, ](hre warning to. Premonition, n. Caution, warning, indication, foreshadowing, forewarning, sign, omen, presage, portent. Premonitory, a. Betokening, indicating, in- dicative, warning, foretokening. Preoccupation, n. I. Prior occupation, previous occupation, earlier possession. 2. Prepossession. 3. Abstraction, inattention, inadvertence, in- advertency, revery, musing, absence, muse, ab- sence of mind, brown study. Preoccupied, a. Inattentive, abstracted, absent, absent-minded, lost, dreaming, musing, in a brown study, unobservant, inadvertent. Preordain, v. a. Predetermine, pre-establish, foreordain, predestinate, predestine, foredoom, appoint beforehand. Preparation, «. I. Act of preparing, making ready, arrangement, plan. 2. State of being prepared, ^ preparedness, adaptedness, case, condition, readiness. 3. Combination, confection. 4. Qualification, fitting. Pr^paratiye, a. ^ Antecedently necessary, pre- paratory, qualifying, fitting. Preparative, «. Preparation. Preparatory, a. Introductory, preliminary, pref- atory, previous, antecedent. Prepare, v. a. I. Fit, adapt, qualify, adjust. 2. Provide, procure, get ready, put in order, arrange, order, make, plan. Prepare, w. «. Get ready, put things in order, set one's house in order, make arrangements, make provision, take steps. Prepense, a. Devised or contrived beforehand, premeditated, aforethought. Preponderance, «. I. Outweighing, preponder- ating. 2. Superiority of weight, influence, or power, ascendency. Preponderant, a. Outweighing, overbalancing, preponderating. Preponderate, v. «. I. Weigh the most, exceed in weight. 2. Prevail, be superior, have the superiority, predominate, exceed in influence or power, in- cline to one side. Preponderation, ». Outweighing, preponder- ance. Prepossess, v. a. I. Preoccupy, have prior pos- session of. 2. Bias, prejudice, give previous inclination to for or against. Prepossessing, a. Attractive, allurinj^, engaging, winning, fascinating, taking, captivating, be- witching, winning or inviting favor, charming. Prepossession, n. I. Preoccupation, prior pos- session. 2. Bias, one-sidedness, bent, preconceived opinion, inclination, preconception, prejudgment, prejudice. Preposterous, a. I. Perverted, having the cart before the horse, reversed. 2. Absurd, unreasonable, extravagant, exces- sive, ridiculous, irrational, foolish, monstrous, exorbitant, perverted, wrong. Preposterousness, «. Absurdity, unreasonable- ness, irrationality, foolishness, folly, extravagance, inconsistency with nature or reason. Prepuce, «. Foreskin. Prerogative, «. Privilege, immunity, right, lib- erty, franchise, advantage. Presage, v. a. I. Forebode, divine, foreknow, have a presentiment of. 2. Foretell, predict, prophesy, soothsay, bode. PRESAGE 824 PRETERNATURAL portend, foreshow, indicate, betoken, foretoken, prognosticate, augur. See Vaticinate. Presage, «. I. Omen, sign, prognostic, augury, portent, token, boding, foreshowing, indication, auspice. 2. Prophecy, prediction, foreboding, premo- nition, foreknowledge, presentiment. Fresbyopia« I «. far-sightedness, old sight, pres- Presbyopy, ) bytia. Presbyopic, a. Far-sighted, presbytic, old-sighted, long-sighted. Presbytia, a. Far-sighted, presbyopic Prescience» «. Foreknowledge, precognition, foresight, forecast, prevision. Prescient, a. Foreknowing, foreseeing. _ Prescribe, v.. a. _ Direct, order, appoint, com- mand, ordain, dictate, enjoin, decree, institute, establish. Prescript, «. Direction, decree, rule, ordinance, law, precept, mandate. Prescription, «. I. Direction, prescript. 2. Custom, usage. 3. {Med.) Recipe. Presence, K. I. Nearness, neighborhood, vicinity. 2. Personality. 3. Mien, air, appearance, carriage, port, de- meanor. 4. Presence-chamber, state-room. Present, a. I. At hand, not absent, near, not away. 2. Instant, current, existing, not past nor future. 3. Quick in emergencies, ready, at hand. 4. Instant, immediate. 5. Propitious, attentive, favorable. 6. Favorably attentive, not heedless, pro- pitious. Present) n. Gift, donation, donative, benefaction, offering, gratuity, largess, boon, grant, douceur. Present, v. a. I. Introduce, make known. 2. Exhibit, offer, bring to notice, set forth. 3. Give, bestow, confer, grant. 4. Hand, put into one's hands, deliver, make over. 5. Proffer, offer openly. 6. Point, level, aim. Presentation, «. I. Introduction. 2. Exhibition, representation, show, display, appearance, figure, semblance. 3. Bestowal, donation, giving, offering, gift. Presentiment, «. Foreboding, foretaste, fore- thought, prescience, forecast. Presently, ad. Directly, immediately, without delay, forthwith, soon, shortly, pretty soon, in a short time. Presentment, «. Appearance, representation. _ Preservation, «. I. Maintenance, conservation, protection. 2. Security, safety, salvation. 3. Integrity, soundness- Preservative, a. Conservative, preservatory. Preservatory, a. Preservative. Preserve, v. a. I. Keep, guard, protect, defend, secure, shield, save. 2. Maintain, uphold, sustain, guard, keep. 3. Conserve, keep sound, save from decay. Preserve, «. I. Sweetmeat, confect, confection, comfit, confit, confiture, jam, conserve, jelly, marmalade. 2. Enclosure {/or game). Preseirver, «. I. Saviour, protector, keeper, defender, guardian, safeguard. 2. Preservative, means of preservation. Preside, v. n. Direct, control, govern, act as president. Presi?nify, v. a. Prefigure, foreshow, preshow, foretoken, foreshadow, portend, augur, betoken. Press, V. a. I. Compress, squeeze, crowd, crush. 2. Squeeze out, express. 3. Make smooth, smooth, flatten. 4. Embrace closely, hug, clasp. 5. Constrain, compel, force. 6. Enjoin, enforce, urge, inculcate. 7. Straiten, distress. Press, V. n. I. Bear heavily, exert pressure, push, bear down, crowd. 2. Hasten, hurry, push, rush. 3. Crowd, throng, force a way. 4. Approach unseasonably or importunately. 5. Encroach. PresSy n. I, Machine for printing, printing-press. 2. Newspaperdom {collog. ). 3. Literary publications. 4. Crowd, throng, multitude. 5. Urgency, pressure, hurry. 6. Case, closet, wardrobe, bureau. Pressing,, a. Urgent, importunate, constraining, distressing. Pressure, «. I. Compressing, squeezing, crush- ing. 2. Influence, constraining force. 3. Urgency, press, hurry. 4. Affliction, grievance, calamity, distress, straits, oppression, difficulty, embarrassment. 5. Impression, stamp, character impressed. Prestidigitation, «. Legerdemain, sleight-of-hand, juggling, prestigiation. Prestidigitator, «. Juggler, conjurer. Presto, ad. Quickly, in haste, immediately, suddenly. Presumable, a. Probable, reasonable, likely, credible, that stands to reason. Presume, v. «. I. Suppose, conjecture, think, surmise, believe, assume, apprehend, antici- pate. 2. Venture, make bold. Presume, v. a. Consider, suppose, take for granted. Presumption, «. I. Opinion, belief, supposition, conjecture, guess, anticipation, hypothesis, as- sumption, understanding, condition, concession. 2. Arrogance, forwardness, audacity, bold- ness, assurance, effrontery, brass, presumptuous- ness. 3. Probability, ground for believing. Presumptive, a. Grounded on probable evi- dence, probable. Presumptive evidence. {Law.) Circumstantial or indirect evidence. Presumptuous, a. I. Arrogant, bold, forward, presuming, insolent, audacious. 2. Rash, over-confident, foolhardy. 3. Irreverent. Presuppose, v. a. Imply as antecedent, assume, presume, surmise, suppose, take for granted. Pretence, «. [Written also Pretense.] I. Show {to conceal a thing- to be done), false appearance, seeming, semblance, mask, cloak, color, simula- tion, affectation. 2. Subterfuge, excuse, pretext, fabrication. 3. Assumption, claim to notice. 4. Pretension, claim. Pretend, v. a. I. Feign, affect, simulate, coun- terfeit, sham. 2. Lay claim to, claim, allege a title to. Pretend, v. n. I. Make believe, make a show, profess, feign, sham. 2. Strive after, lay claim to. Pretension, n. Claim. Pretentious, a. [J?ecent.] Assuming, presuming, conceited, vain, priggish. Pretentiousness, n. Assumption, conceit, false assumption, over-assertion. Preternatural, a. Irregular (as being aside from PRETERNATURALLY 325 PRIME MINISTER the ordinary course o/ttature, but not necessarily supernatural or miracttlous), abnormal, anoma- lous, unnatural, inexplicable, strange, extraor- dinary. Pretematurally, cuL Exceedingly, untisually. Pretext, «. Show, appearance, aJBEectation, sem- blance, guise, cloak, simulation, mask, color, pretence. Pretty, a. I. Pleasing without being striking, moderately beautiful, bonny, beautiful {without dignity or grandeur), comely, fair. 2. Pleasmg, neat, elegant without grandeur. 3. Nice, fine, excellent {used ironically, mean- ing the opposite). 4. Affectedly nice, foppish, affected, petty. Pretty, ad. Moderately, tolerably, considerably, in some degree. Prevail, v. n. I. Overcome. 2. Predominate, preponderate, succeed, have the superiority, gain the advantage, be in the ascendant, get the upper hand, carry the day, win the day, gain the day, win the palm. 3. Obtain, have effect, power, or influence, have sway, have currency, be in vogue, be rife. Prevailing, a. I. Effectual, dominant, pre- dominant, efficacious, preponderating^ persuad- ing, controlling, ruling, overruling, mfluential, operative, successful. 2. Prevalent, most common, most general. Prevail on. \ Persuade (by argument), influ- Prevail upon. ) ence, induce. Prevail with. Persuade {by an appeal to the feelings), influence, induce. Prevalence, \ «. I. Superiority, success, pre- Prevalency, J dominance, preponderance. 2. Influence, efficacy, power, force, strength, operation. 3. Universality, wide extension, general recep- tion, general existence. Prevalent, a. I. Superior, predominant, success- ful, prevailing, efficacious. 2. Prevaihng, predominant, most general, ex- tensively existing. Prevalently, ad. Powerfully, forcibly. Prevaricate, v. n. Quibble, shuffle, cavil, palter, dodge, evade the truth, equivocate, shift. Prevuicatlon, «. Equivocation, cavil, quibbling, shuffling. Prevenient, a. I. Preliminary, prefatory, ante- cedent, initiatory, introductory, going before, preceding. 2. Preventing, preventive- Prevent, V. a. Obstruct, stop, hinder, impede, thwart, intercept, preclude, mierrupt, obviate, debar. Prevention, «• Obstruction, stoppage, hindrance, interruption. Preventive, a. Deterrent, tending to prevent. Preventive, «. {Med.) Prophylactic. Previous, a. Antecedent, prior, former, preced- ing, anterior, foregoing. Previously, ad. Before, antecedently, before- hand. Prevision, «. Foresight, foreknowledge, presci- ence. Prey, «. I. Plunder, booty, spoil, pillage, rapine, loot. 2. Ravin, food, victim, quarry. 3. Ravage, depredation. 4. Victim. Prey on or upon. I. Plunder, pillage, rob, despoil. 2. Devour, feed upon. 3. Waste, corrode, waste gradually. Price,.». I. Value {in money), cost. 2. Estimation, worth, value, excellence. 3. Recompense, reward, compensation. Priceless, a. I. Invaluable, inestimable, without price. 2. Without value, worthless or unsalable, unvalued. Prick, V. a. I. Pierce (with a small hole), per- forate, puncture. 2. Spur, goad, incite, impel, urge, drive. 3. Sting, wound, pain, hurl, cut. 4. Make acid, acidify. 5. Erect. Prick, V. n. Spur, ride, gallop, hasten, post. Prick, n. I. Goad, point. 2. Puncture, perforation, mark {made by a point), point. 3. Sharp, stinging pain ; remorse, tormenting thought, thorn in the mind. 4. Puncture, wound, sting. Prickle, n. Little prick, thorn, spine; small, sharp-pointed projection. Prickleback, «. Stickleback. Prickly-pear, «. Indian fig {Cactus optintia). Prick up the ears. Listen sharply, attend closely. PrickwOOd, «. Spindle-tree {Euonymous EurO' pceus). Pride, -/. I. Self-esteem, self-exaltation, self- complacency, self-sufficiency, conceit, vanity. 2. Haughtiness, loftiness, lordliness, supercil- iousness, assumption, insolence, vain-glory, arro- gance, presumption, hauteur. 3. Elevation {ojf character), dignity, lofty self-respect, noble self-esteem. 4. Ornament, decoration, splendor, show, g^ory- 5. Boast, occasion of pride. 6. Splendid show, ostentation. Pride one's self on. Boast, take pride in, rate highly, glory in, pique one's self on, plume one's self on. Priest, «. Clergyman, divine, minister, pastor, parson, ecclesiastic, churchman, presbyter. Priestly, a. Sacerdotal. Prig, «. Puppy, coxcomb, conceited, pert, or pragmatical fellow, fop, jackanapes. PriggeiTt «• Pertness, conceit, coxcombry, prig- gism. Prigjish, a. Conceited, affected, prim, pert, saucy, coxcomical, foppish, vain, affected, {colloq. ). Prim, a. Formal, stiff, precise, starch, starched, strait-laced, affectedly nice, demure. Prim, «. Privet, print {Ligustrum vulgare). Primacy, «. I. Excellency, supremacy. 2. Primateship. Prima fade. [L.] At first sight, on the first view. Primal, a. First, original. Prixnarily, ad. Originally, in the first place, in a ])rimary manner- Primary, a. I. Primitive, aboriginal, original, primordial, primeval, pristine, first, earliest. 2. Chief, principal, main. 3. Elementary, preparatory. 4. Radical, original. Primate, «. Archbishop, metropolitan. Primateship, «. Primacy. Prime, a. I. First, original, primitive, primal, primeval, primordial, pristine, aboriginal. 2. Highest, chief, principal. 3. Early, blooming. 4. First-rate, capital, excellent. Prime, «. I. Beginning, opening, first part, earliest stage, dawn, morninc;. 2. Youth, spring of life early days. 3. Perfection, flower, greatest beauty, health, or strength, best days, cream. Prime minister. Premier. PRIMEVAL 326 PROBLEM Primeval^ a. Original, primitive, primordial, pristine. Primitive, a. I. Original, primeval, primal, pri- mordial, aboriginal, prime, primary, pristine, first. 2. Old-fashioned, quaint, simple, unsophisti- cated. 3. Original, primary, radical, underived. 4. Formal, solemn, prim, grave. Primly, ad. Neatly, precisely. Primness, «. Stiffness, formality, affected nice- ness, preciseness. Primogenial, a. [Written also Pritnigenial.^ First-born, first-made, original, primary, ele- mental, primitive. Primordial, a. Original, first in order. See Primitive. Primrose, a. Flowery, gay. Prince, «. I. Sovereign, ruler, monarch, poten- tate. 2. Sovereign's son {especially the eldest soti). 3. Chief, leader, potentate. Princely, a. I. Royal, regal, imperial. 2. August, grand, royal, magnificent, superb, splendid, pompous, majestic, noble. 3. Stately, dignified, high-minded, noble, lofty, elevated. Princess, «. I. Female ruler. 2. Sovereign's daughter. 3. Prince's consort. Principal, a. Chief, main, first, highest, leading, foremost, pre-eminent, cardinal, most considera- ble, most important, great, capital, essential. Principal, «. I. Chief, head, leader, chief actor, chief party. 2. Master, head-master. 3. Employer. 4. Capital sum {placed at interest). Principally, ad. Chiefly, mainly, especially, par- ticularly, above all. Principia, «• pi. First principles, elements, fun- damental beginnings. Principle, «. I. Origin, source, cause, original cause, spring, mainspring, fountain, groundwork, prime mover, fountam-head. 2. Element, substratum, fundamental or pri- mordial substance. 3. Postulate, axiom, maxim, law, elementary proposition, fundamental truth. 4. Doctrine, tenet, dogma, opinion, rule of action, law of conduct. 5. Ground, motive, reason. 6. Integrity, uprightness, rectitude, probity, honesty, virtue, righteousness, incorruptibility, goodness, trustworthiness, trustiness, worth, honor. 7. Faculty, power, endowment of the soul. Prilric, V. a. Deck, adorn, decorate. Prink, v. n. Spruce, dress finically or ostenta- tiously, prank. Print, V. a. I. Impress, imprint, press. 2. Make an impress or impression of. 3. Stamp, form by impression. Print, n, I. Impression, impress, mark, stamp, indentation. 2. Mark, vestige, stamp. 3. Engraving. 4. Newspaper, journal. 5. Calico, printed cotton cloth. Printing, n. Typography. Prior, a. Former, preceding, earner, previous, anterior, antecedent, precedent, foregoing, pre- cursory. Priority, «. Antecedence, anteriority, prece- dence. Priory, « Convent, cloister, monastery, nunnery. Prismatic spectrum. Solar spectrum. , gaol, penitentiarj', bridewell, Prison, n. Tail, gac workhouse, house of correction. Prisoner, ». Captive. Pristine, a. Primitive, primary, original, ancient, old, former, primeval, primordial, first. Prithee. [For I pray thee.] Pray, please, do, vouchsafe, be so good as, have the goodness, be good enough, I beseech you. Pnvacy, « I. Secrecy, concealment. 2. Retreat, retirement, seclusion, solitude. Private, a. I, Secluded, retired, sequestered, solitary. 2. Individual, personal, special, peculiar, par- ticular. 3. Privy. 4. Confidential, not to be disclosed or com- municated. 5. Unofficial. 6. Secret, concealed, hidden, clandestine. Private, «. {Mil.) Common soldier. Privately, ad I. Secretly. 2. Personally, individually. Private parts. Genitals, sexual organs. Privation, «. I. Deprivation, loss, bereavement. 2. Destitution, want, need, necessity, distress. 3. Absence, negation. 4. Degradation. Privet, n. Prim, print {Ligustrum vulgar e). Privilege, «. Prerogative, right, claim, advan- tage, franchise, liberty, immunity. Privilege, v. a. I. Exempt, deliver, set apart. 2. Grant {some particular exemption), invest {with some peculiar right). Privily, ad. Privately, secretly. Privity, «. I. Knowledge, cognizance, private concurrence. 2. Private matter, secret. Privy, a. I. Individual, special, private, perso- nal, peculiar, particular. 2. Secret, clandestine. 3. Cognizant of, acquainted with. 4. Private, retired, sequestered. Privy, «. Necessary, back-house, jakes, water- closet. Prize, «. I. Reward, premium, guerdon, meed; {pi.) honors ; laurels, palm, trophy. 2. Capture. 3. Privilege, gain, advantage. Prize, V. a. I. Estimate, rate, appraise. 2. Esteem, value highly. Pro and con. For and against. Protability, «. I. Likelihood, presumption, ap- pearance of truth, fair chance, favorable chance. 2. Verisimilitude, likeliness, credibleness. Probable, a. Likely, presumable, credible, rea- sonable, to be expected, that stands to reason. Probably, ad. Apparently, to all appearance, in all probability, in likelihood, with appearance of truth. Probation, n. I. Novitiate. 2. Moral trial, ordeal, test, essay. 3. Examination, trial. 4. Proof. Probationer, «. Novice, Probe, V. a. Prove, test, verify, investigate, scru- tinize, examine, search, sound, explore, sift, look into. Probity, «_. Integrity, uprightness, honesty, worth, rectitude, virtue, goodness, righteousness, trustworthiness, trustiness, principle, sincerity, truthfulness, veracitv, honor, conscientiousness, justice, equity, fairness, incorruptibility, sound- ness. Problem, «. Question {to be solved), enigma, puzzle, riddle, moot point, point in dispute, point to be solved or settled, question at issue, vexed question. PROBLEMATIC 827 PROFICIENT Problematic, \a. Uncertain, doubtful, dubious, Problematical,! questionable, disputable, enig- matical, puzzling, unsettled. Proboscis, ft. Snout, trunk. Procedure, «. I. Conduct, practice, course, pro- cess, management, operation, manner of pro- ceeding. 2. Act, transaction, deed, action, performance, proceeding, measure, step. Proceed, v. «. I. Progress, advance, continue, go or pass on, move forward, make progress, get on, push on, go ahead, get ahead, make headway, get forward, get along, hold or keep one's course. 2. Arise, spring, come, issue, emanate, orig- inate, flow, follow, result, ensue, accrue, come out, go forth, be derived, be caused, take rise, be owing, be due, be produced. 3. Act, conduct one's self, take steps, take measures, set to work, go about anything, act by method, promote a design. Proceeding, «. Act, deed, transaction, action, measure, performance, step, procedure, course. Proceeds, « p/. Product, produce, effect, income, yield, receipts, returns, avails. Process, «. I. Course, progress, advance, con- tinued movement, train. 2. Operation, procedure, proceeding, action, performance, step, transaction, measure, conduct, management, series of measures, mode of opera- tion, course, continuous experiment. 3. (Law.) Suit, trial, action, case. 4. (Anat.) Projection, protuberance. Procession, n. Tram, retinue, cavalcade, march, file, cortige. Proclaim, v. a. I. Announce, publish, declare, promulgate, advertise, trumpet, broach, cry, make known, blaze abroad, spread abroad, noise abroad, bruit, give notice of, make proclamation of. 2. Outlaw [by public denunciation). Proclaimer, «. Promulgator. Proclamation, «. I. Announcement, publica- tion, promulgation, advertisement, declaration, blazon. 2. Edict, decree, ordinance, ban, manifesto. Proclivity, «. I. Inclination, tendency, prone- ness, propensity, bias, disposition, leanmg, bent, predisposition, direction, determination, bearing, drift, turn. 2. Readiness, aptitude, facility. Procrastinate, v. a. Defer, delay, postpone, ad- journ, put off, prolong, protract, retard. Procrastinate, v. n. Delay, lag, loiter, be dil- atory. Procrastination, n. Dilatoriness, putting of!, delay, tardiness, slowness. Procreant, a. Producing young, procreating. Procreate, v. a. Generate, engender, beget, breed, propagate. Procreation, n. Generation, begetting, produc- tion. Procreator, «. Generator, father, sire, begetter. Procumbent, a. Prone, lying down or on the face, prostrate, leaning forward, stooping. Procurable, a. Obtainable, acquirable. Procuration, n. I. Agency, management. 2. Authority as an agent, authority to act for another. Procurator, «. {Law.) Aeent, proxy, deputy, representative, proctor, attorney, solicitor. Procure, v. a. I. Get, acquire, obtain^ gain. 2. Contrive, compass, cause, eflfect, bring about. 3. Attract, bring on. Procurement, n. Management, contrivance, agency, intervention, procuration. Procurer, «. Pimp, pander, bawd. Prodigal, a. Wasteful, lavish, extravagant, profuse. Prodigal, «• Spendthrift, waster, squanderer. Prodigality, «. Wastefulness, extravagance, ex- cess, profusion, lavishuess, unthriftiness, squan- dering, waste. Prodigious, a. I. Marvellous, wonderful, por- tentous, amazing, astonishing, surprising, as- tounding, strange, startling, extraordinary, un- common, wondrous, miraculous, very strange, unheard of. 2. Enormous, monstrous, huge. Prodigy, «. I. Marvel, portent, wonder, miracle. 2. Monster, monstrosity, unnatural product. Produce, v. a. I. Exhibit, show, bring forward, bring out, bring into view. 2. Generate, bring into being, bear, furnish, yield, bring forth, breed. 3. Cause, occasion, originate, make, create, effect, give rise to, bring about. 4. Yield, bear, give, afford, render, make accrue, impart. 5. Extend, protract, prolong, draw out, lengthen. 6. Manufacture, make. Produce, «. I. See Product. 2. Agricultural products. Producer, «. Farmer, husbandman, agricultu- rist. Product, «. I. Produce, yield, proceeds, returns, crops, harvest, fruits, production, outcome. 2. Result, effect, work, fruit, production, per- formance, issue, consequence. Productile, a. Extensible, ductile. Production, n. I. Produce, product, fruit. 2. Work. 3, Prolongation, extension, lengthening. Productive, a. I. Fertile, prolific, fruitful. 2. Efficient, causative, producing, bringing into being. Proem, «. Preface, introduction, prelude, ex- ordium, prolegomena, preliminary remarks. Proemial, a. Introductory, prefatory, preliminary, precursory. Profanation, ». I. Desecration, violation. 2. Misuse, abuse, pollution. Profane, a. I. irreverent, irreligious, blasphe- mous, wicked, sacrilegious, impious, ungodly, god- less. 2. Unhallowed, impure, polluted, unholy, un- consecrated, unsanctified. 3. Secular, not sacred, temporal, worldly. Profane, v. a. I. Desecrate, pollute, violate. 2. Abuse, debase. Profaneness, «. See Profanity. Profanity, «. I. Irreverence, profaneness, blas- phemy. 2. Profane language, blasphemy. Profess, V. a. I. Avow, acknowledge, own, con- fess, declare, affirm, avouch, aver, allege, proclaim. 2. Pretend, lay claim to. Profess, V. «. Confess, declare openly. Profession, n. I. Declaration, avowal, assertion, claim, acknowledgment. 2. Declaration, representation, protestation, pretence. 3. Employment {that requires a learned edu- cation), calling, occupation, business, vocation, office, avocation. Proffer, v. a. Tender, offer, volimteer. Proffer, «. Tender, offer, proposal. Proficiency, I «. I. Advancement, improve- Proficience, J ment, forwardness. 2. Skill, mastery. Proficient, a. Skilled, skilful, conversant, com petent, well-versed, qualified, practised, traixied PROFICIENT 328 PROMINENCE accomplished, able, thoroughbred, finished, good, at home, aufait. Proficient, n. Adept, expert, master, dab, master-hand. Profile, «. I. Side face, side view, half face. 2. Outline, contour. Profit, «. I. Gain, produce, emolument, return, avails. 2. Advantage, benefit, service, weal, utility, accession of good, improvement, advancement. Profit, V. n. I. Improve, gain, advance, make improvement, gain advantage. 2. Bring good, be of use or advantage. Profitable, a. I. Gainful, advantageous, produc- tive, beneficial, useful, desirable. 2. Lucrative, remunerative. Profitableness, «. Gainfulness, usefulness, ad- vantageousness. Profitably, ad. Gainfully, usefully, advanta- geously. Profitless, a. Useless, worthless, fruitless, boot- less, unprofitable, valueless, of no use, void of profit. Profligacy, «. Dissoluteness, depravity, shame- less vice, shamelessness, reprobation, profligate- ness Profligate, a. Depraved, corrupt, immoral, viti- ated, dissolute, corrupted, very wicked, grace- less, very vicious, shameless, abandoned, lost to virtue. Profligate, «. Debauchee, rake, libertine, man of pleasure, reprobate, roui. Profound, a. I. Deep, fathomless, abysmal. 2. Penetrating, sagacious, skilled, intellectu- ally deep. 3. Lively, vivid, strong, deep-felt, far-reaching, touching. 4. Lowly, humble, submissive, low-bending, very low. 5. Mysterious, occult, abstruse, obscure, re- condite. 6. Thorough, complete- 7. Deep-fetched. Profound, «. I. The deep, the abyss. 2. Sea, ocean. Profundity, «. Depth, deepness, profoundness. Profuse, a. I. Lavish, prodigal, improvident, extravagant, wasteful, too liberal, too bountiful. 2. Exuberant, over-abounding, in profusion, bountiful. Profuseness, n. See Profusion. Profusion, «. I. Lavlshness, excess, prodigality, extravagance, waste, profuseness. 2. Abundance, exuberance, plenty. Progenitor, «. Ancestor, forefather. Progeny, n. Offspring, children, issue, descend- ants, race, breed, stock, lineage, young, scion, offshoot, posterity. Prognosis, «. {Med.) Prophasis. Prognostic, a. Foreshowing, foretokening. Prognostic, «. I. Sign, token, presage, omen, indication, augury, foreboding, prognostication. 2. Foretelling, prediction, prophecy. 3. Symptom, indication. Prognosticate, v. a. I. Foretell, predict, proph- esy. 2. Foreshadow, indicate, portend, augur, fore- show, foretoken, betoken, forebode, presage. Prognostication, «. I. Act of prognosticating, foreshowing, foretelling, presage, prediction. 2. Augury, prediction, vaticination, prophecy, indication, foretoken, previous sign, portent, foreboding. Programme, «. Order of exercises, advertise- ment, notice, plan {o/ public perfor^nance). Progress, « I. Advancement, advance, progres- sion, movement forward. 2. Growth, increase, improvement, develop- ment. 3. Journey of state, circuit. Progress, v. n. I. Advance, proceed. 2. 'lake head, make headway, work one's way, make one's way, make progress, proceed, con- tinue onward. Progression, «. I. Advancement, advance, pro- gress. 2. Course, passage, lapse or process of time. 3. Series, gradation, rate. Progressive, a. I. Advancing, proceeding. 2. Improving, developing. Prohibit, v. a. I. Hinder, prevent, debar, pre- clude. 2. Forbid, inhibit, disallow, interdict. Prohibition, «. Interdiction, interdict, inhibition, disallowance, embargo, ban. Prohibitive, I a. Restrictive, prohibiting, forbid- Prohibitory, ) ding. Project, V. a. I. Throw, cast, throw out, shoot forward. 2. Scheme, devise, contrive, frame, intend, plan, plot, concoct, brew. 3. Delineate {as a spliere upon a plane), draw, exhibit. Project, z>. n. Protrude, jut, bulge, jut out, stand out, be prominent, shoot forward. Project, n. Plan, scheme, contrivance, device, design, proposal, purpose. Projectile, «. Missile. Projection, « I. Propulsion, throwing, emission. 2. Planning, designing, contriving, scheming. 3. Prominence, protuberance, bulge, process, extension. 4. Plan, delineation, map. Projector, «. Schemer, designer, planner, con- triver, inventor. Prolegomena, «. pi. Introduction, preface, pre- lude, prologue, preamble, proem, preliminary remarks. Prol^taire, «. [Fr.] Proletarian, one of the common people. Proletarian, a. Mean, vulgar, vile, plebeian. Proletariat, «. Laboring class, the commonalty, the lower classes. Proletary, «. Churl, lout, clown, boor, laboring man, common person, one of the lower orders. Prolific, a. Fruitful, fertile, productive, genera- tive, teeming. Proliic, a. I. Diffuse, wordy, verbose, circum- locutory, prosaic, loose, long, lengthy, length- ened out, full of detail, prolonged, protracted, long-spun, spun-out, long-winded, discursive, rambling, not concise. 2. Tiresome, tedious, wearisome. Prolixity, «• Diffuseness, prolixness, verbosity, tedious length, minute detail. ProUxnesS, «. Prolixity. Prolocutor, «. Speaker, spokesman, chairman. Prologue, n. Introduction {to a play), preface. Prolong, V. a. I. Lengthen, protract, continue, lengthen in time. 2. Put off, postpone, defer. 3. Extend. Prolongation, «. I. Protraction, lengthening. 2. Delay, postponement. 3. Extension. Prolusion, «. I. Prelude, introduction, prelimi- nary. 2. Essay, trial. Promenade, «. I. Walk, stroll. 2. Walk, sidewalk, place for walking. Promenade, v. n. Take a walk. Promethean, a. Life-giving, inspiring. Prominence, «. I. Protuberance, projection, bulge, process. PROMINENT 329 PROPITIATION 2. Conspicuousness, eminence, distinction, celebrity, tame. Promineilt, a. I. Protuberant, projecting, jut- ting, relieved, embossed. 2. Conspicuous, eminent, celebrated, distin- guished, famous. 3. Distinctly manifest, conspicuous, important, principal, main. PromisCUOtlS, a. I. Mixed, mingled, miscella- neous, indiscriminate, confused. 2. Indiscriminate, common. Promise, n. I. Word, engagement, assurance, pledge. 2. Ground or basis of hope, earnest, pledge. 3. Bestowal, fulfilment, grant of what is promised. Promise, z/- a. I. Pledge, engage, covenant. 2. Give expectation of, excite a hope of, assure- 3. Pledge, engage to bestow. Promise, v. n. Engage, agree, stipulate, bargain, be sworn, pledge one's self, plight one's word, pass one's word, give assurance, make an agree- ment, tie one's self. Promising, a. Encouraging, giving ground of hope. Promissory note. Note of hand, promise to pay. Promontory, n. Headland, foreland, high cape, Jutland. Promote, v. a. I. Forward, advance, further, encourage, help, assist, aid. 2. Elevate, exalt, raise, prefer, dignify. 3. Excite, stir up. Promotion, n. I. Furtherance, encouragement, advancement. 2. Elevation, preferment. Prompt, a. I. Ready, quick, apt, alert, active. 2. Ready, willing. 3. Quick, ready. 4. Hasty, forward, quick. 5. Inclined, disposed, apt, propense. 6. Early, timely, punctual. Prompt, V. a. I. Incite, induce, stimulate, impel, incline, dispose^ urge, set on, draw on, instigate 2. Put in mmd, give the cue to, assist {a speaker), remind. 3. Dictate, suggest, hint. Promptitude, «. See Promptness. Promptness, «. Readiness, quickness, alacrity. alertness, promptitude, activity, quickness of decision. Promtllgate, v. a. Publish, announce, proclaim, declare, advertise, bruit, trumpet, make known, blaze abroad, spread abroad, noise abroad, give notice of, make promulgation of, divulge. Promulgation, ». Announcement, advertisement, publication, declaration, proclamation. Prone, a. I. Prostrate (with the face dmvn- ward), recumbent, lying flat, 2. Sloping, inclining, mclined, declivous. 3. Disposed, inclined, tending, bent, apt, pre- pense- 4. Bending forward, inclined, bowed. 5. Ready, eager. 6. Headlong, running downward or headlong. Proneness, «. I. Disposition, tendency, pro- clivity, inclination, bias^ bent, propensity, apt- ness, turn, leaning, predisposition, ply. 2. Descent, declivity. Prononce, a. Strongly marked, decided. Pronounce, v. a. I. Utter iwitA ^oper accent and tone), speak, enunciate, articulate. 2. Declare, affirm, assert, announce. 3. Deliver (as an oration). PronunciamentO, «. Proclamation, announce- ment, declaration, manifesto, pronouncement. Prontinclation, n. I. Utterance, enunciation, articulation. 2. Delivery. n. I. Test, trial, essay, ordeal, tion. 2. Demonstration, certification, attestation, satisfactory evidence, confirmation, testimony. 3. Proof-sheet, trial impression. Proof, a. Firm, steadfast, stable, fixed, impene- trable. Proof-sheet, «. Proof Prop, V. a. Support, sustain, uphold, hold up, shore up. Prop, n. I. Support, stay, brace. 2. Buttress, strut, pin, shore, fulcrum, stay, brace. Propagate, v. a. I. Multiply, increase, continue. 2. Spread, diffuse, disseminate, circulate, ex- tend, spread abroad, promulgate, promote. 3. Generate, beget, engender, procreate, breed, produce, bring into being, originate. Pn>pagation, ». I. Multiplication, increase, con- tinuance. 2. Dissemination, diffusion, extension, en- largement, circulation. 3. Generation, procreation, breeding, produc- tion. Propel, V. a. Impel, drive forward, push forward, urge on. Propeller, «. Screw, screw-steamer. Propensity, «. Inclination, proneness, disposition, bias, proclivity, ply. Proper, a. I. Particular, peculiar, individual, special, specific. 2. Fit, fitting, befitting, suitable, appropriate, meet, seemly, convenient, adapted, becoming, right, legitimate. 3. Exact, accurate, precise, correct, just, formal. 4. Real, actual, properly so called. 5. Decent, respectable. 6. Own, belonging to. 7. Natural, original. Properly,/*^. I. Fitly, suitably. 2. Strictly, in a strict sense. Property, n. I. Quality, attribute, peculiarity, characteristic. 2. Wealth, estate, goods, possessions, one's own, thing owned. 3. Ownership, exclusive right. 4. Character, disposition. 5. Participation. Prophasis, «. {Med.) Prognosis, foreknowledge {(]fa disease). Prophecy, «. I. Prediction, prognostication, vati- cination, foretelling, divination, augury, portent. 2. Preaching, exhortation, instruction. Prophesy, v. a- Predict, foretell, prognosticate, divine, augur, premonish. Prophet, n. Predicter, foreteller, seer, soothsayer. Prophetic, a. Predictive, foretelling, predicting, fatidical. Prophylactic, a. (Med.) Preventive, preserva- tive, synteretic. Prophylactic, n. {Med.) Preventive, preserva- tive. Propinquity, «. I. Nearness, proximity, vicinity, neighborhood, contiguity, adjacence. 2. Kindred, affinity, nearness of blood, rela- tionship, consanguinity, connection. Propitiate, v. a. Conciliate, appease, pacify, reconcile, gain the favor of, make propitious, make favorable. Propitiate, v. n. Atone, make propitiation, satisfy. Propitiation, «. I. Conciliation, reconciliation, pacification. 2. Atonement, expiation, satisfaction, reparai- tion, atoning sacrifice. PROPITIATORY 830 PROTEST Propitiatory, a. Conciliatory, expiatory. Propitious, a. I. Gracious, benevolent, benign, kind, favorable, friendly, merciful, ready to bless. 2. Auspicious, lucky, happy, fortunate, favor- able, Tvell-disposed, opportune, prosperous, prom- ising, in a fair way. Propinousness, ». I. Kindness, disposition to forgive. 2. Favorableness. Proportion, n. I. Arrangement, relation, adapta- tion {of parts). 2. Distribution, adjustment, symmetry, sym- metrical relation. 3. Share, lot, part, portion. Proportion, 2'. a. I. Ad'^nsX. {in proper relations), regulate, graduate, put in proportion. 2. Form, shape with symmetry or suitable- ness. 3. Equal, bear proportion to. Proportionable, a. I. Proportional, correspond- ing. 2. Well-proportioned, symmetrical. ProportionaWy, ad. See Proportionally. Proportional, a. Proportionate, proportionable, symmetrical, corresponding Proportionally, ad. Proportionably, proportion- ately, in proportion, in due degree. Proportionate, a. See Proportional. Proportionately, ad. See Proportionally. Proposal, n. Offer {of something to be done\ proffer, tender, suggestion, proposition, scheme, design, terms proposed, overture. Propose, V. a. Offer {/or consideration), proffer, tender, present, suggest, recommend, move. Propose, V. n. Intend, design, mean, purpose, have the intention, propose to one's self, declare a purpose. Proposition, «. I. Offer [of something to be considered), proffer, tender, overture, suggestion, proposal. 2. Position, thesis, statement, declaration, dic- tum, assertion^ affirmation, doctrine. 3. {Log.) Period, complete sentence. Propound, v. a. Exhibit, propose, lay before, offer. Proprietary, «. See Proprietor. Proprietor, «. Possessor, owner, proprietary. Propriety, « I. Fitness {to a proper standard or rule), appropriateness, suitableness, seemli- ness, justness, correctness, accuracy, consonance, adaptation, reasonableness. 2. Decorum, decency, good behavior, proper formality, modesty. Propulsive, a. Propelling, driving on, urging on. Propylaeum, «. Entrance-court, vestibule, porch. Pro rata. IL.] Proportionally, proportionably, proportionately, in proportion. Prorogation, «. Adjournment, postponement, continuance. Prorogue, v. a. Adjourn {as Parliament). PrSScal, \ '*• ^' P''°'y' ""poetical. 2. Dull, flat, stupid, uninteresting, unenter- taining, tiresome, tedious, prolix, prosing, vapid, tame, humdrum, matter-of-fact, commonplace. Proscribe, v. a. I. Banish, exile, ostracize, expel, doom, outlaw. 2. Exclude, interdict, prohibit, forbid. 3. Denounce, censure, condemn, reject utterly. Proscription, «. I. Banishment, exile, outlawry, ostracism, expulsion. 2. Exclusion, interdiction, prohibition, out- lawry. 3. Denunciation, censure, condemnation. Prose, a. Plain, dull, unromantic, prosaic. Prosecute, v. a. I. Pursue, continue, follow out, carry out, carry on, persevere in, conduct. 2. Arraign, take the law of, bring before a court, sue. 3. Sue, seek to obtain by legal process. Prosecution, n. I. Pursuit, undertaking. 2. Arraignment, bringing to trial. 3. Suit, legal process. Prosecutor, «. Plaintiff, accuser. Proselyte, «. Convert, catechumen, neophyte. Froser, «. Bore, buttonholder, tedious narrator. Prosopopoeia, n. {Rhet.) Personification. Prospect, «. I. View, survey, display, sight, scene, field, landscape, show, spectacle, vision, vista, perspective. 2. Landscape, scenery, picture. 3. Expectation, anticipation, contemplation, calculation, expectance, foreseeing, promise, fore- sight, presumption, hope, trust. 4. Probability, likelihood. Prospective, a. Future, coming. Prospectively, ad. In the future, hereafter, in prospect. Prospectus, «. Plan {of a literary work), outline, scheme, programme, announcement. Prosper, v. a. Favor, befriend, aid, forward, help, make successful. Prosper, v. «. Flourish, thrive, succeed, make gain, go on well, be successful. Prosperity, «. Success, thrift, welfare, happiness, well-being, weal, luck, good fortune, good luck, prosperousness. run of luck, palmy days, hal- cyon days, smiles of fortune. Prosperous, a. I. Successful, thriving, flourish- ing, fortunate, lucky, happy, well off, well to do. 2. Favorable, propitious, auspicious, good, golden, bright, fortunate, lucky. Prostitute, v. a. Misuse, abuse, misapply, per- vert, make a bad use of. Prostitute, «. See Strumpet. Prostitution, «. I. Misuse, abuse, perversion, profanation. 2. Unlawful sexual intercourse {on the Part of a woman, for hire), harlotry. Prostrate, a. I. Prostrated, prone, stretched out, flat, fallen. 2. {Bot.) Procumbent. Prostrate, v. a. I. Overthrow, overturn, level, fell, demolish, destroy, ruin, throw down, lay flat. 2. Exhaust, reduce, overcome, depress, bring low. Prostration, n. I. Overthrow, destruction, de- molition. 2. Exhaustion, depression, dejection. Prosy, a. I. Prosaic, unpoetical. 2. Dull, flat, stupid, uninteresting, unenter- taining, tiresome, tedious. Protean, a. Changeable, variable. Protect, V. a. Defend {by a covering), guard, cover, shield, fortify, screen, shelter, house, pre- serve, secure, save, harbor, countenance, patron- ize, foster. Protection, n. I. Shelter, defence, security, safety, refuge, guard, preservation. 2. Shield, asgis, buckler, palladium, bulwark, safeguard. 3. Passport, safeguard. Protective, a. Defensive, sheltering, affording protection. Protector, «. Guardian, defender. Pro tempore. [L.] For the time, for the time being, for the present occasion, temporary. Protest, V. n. Declare {solemnly), aver, affirm, assert, asseverate, avow, profess, attest, testifv. Protest, V. a. Declare {solemnly), assert, affirm, asseverate. Protest, n. Declaration {tnade in a formal man' ner against something). PROTESTATION 831 PRUNE Protestatloil, n. I< Dedaration, asseveration, affirmation, averment, avowal. 2. Declaration of dissent, protest. Protoplast^ n. Original, first individual of a species. Prototype, «. Original, original pattern, model, type, exemplar, example, archetype, protoplast. Pro&act, V. a. I. Prolong, continue, lengthen {in ihne), spin out. 2. Lengthen, prolong {in spact). 3. Delay, put off, postpone, defer. P rotru de, v. a. I. Shoot out, thrust forward, push forth. 2. Beetle, jut out, hang over. Protrude, v. «. Project, jut, bulge, jut out, stand out. Protnuion, «. Projection, protuberance. Protuberance, «. Prominence, projection, swel- ling, bulge, process, excrescence, lump, eleva- tion, bunch or knob. Protuberant, a. Projecting, prominent, bulging, swelling. Proud, a. I. Conceited, over-weening, self-satis- fied, vain, contented, self-conscious, egotistical, assuming. 2. Arrogant, haughty, imperious, supercilious, presumptuous, lordly, lofty, vain-glorious, boast- ful, high-spirited, high-strung. 3. Grand, stately, noble, imposing, magnifi- cent, splendid, ostentatious, lofty. Prove, V. a. I. Demonstrate, show, manifest, confirm, establish, evidence, evince, substantiate, ascertain, justify, verify, make good. 2. Try, test, examine, make trial of, assay, put to the test, experiment upon, submit to the test or proof. 3. Experience, suffer. Prove, V. n. I. Turn out, be found to be. 2. Essay, make trial. 3. Make certain. Provender, «. Dry food {eu hay, corn, etc., for brutes), fodder, forage. Proverb, «. I. Adage, maxim, saying, dictum, saw, aphorism, apothegm, by-word. 2. By-word, expression of contempt. Proverbial, a. Notorious, current, acknowledged, unouestioned. Provide, V. a. I. Prepare, procure, get ready, make ready, arrange, collect for use. 2. Supply, furnish, contribute, yield, produce, afford. 3. [Followed by with.\ Furnish, supply. Provide, v. ». I. Cater, furnish supplies. 2. Take measures, make provision, prepare, arrange. 3. Stipulate, bargain, contract, engage, agree, covenant Provided, conj. If, on condition, with the under- standing, granted, supposing, on these terms, by stipulation. Providence, n. I. Divine government, divine superintendence. 2. God. 3. Prudence, foresight, caution, consideration. 4. Frugality, economy. Provident, a. I. Careful {for the future), pru- dent, discreet, cautious, forecasting, foreseeing, considerate. 2. Frugal, economical. Province, «. I. Territory, region, tract, domain, district, section, large extent. 2. Dependency, colony. 3. Business, employment, function, duty, charge, calling, office, part, post, capacity, de- partment, sphere. 4. Division, department. Provincial, a. I. Of a province, of provinces. 2. Appendant, annexed, outlying. 3. Rude, unpolished, unrefiued, rustic, coun- trified, rural, bucolic. Provision, n. I. Providing, anticipation. 2. Preparation, provident measures or steps, provident care, arrangement. 3. Stock, store, hoard, fund, supply, supplies. 4. Proviso, stipulation, clause, condition, pre- vious agreement. Provisional, «. Temporary, provisory. Provisionally, ad. Temporarily, lor the present occasion, for the present exigency. Provisions, «. //. Food, victuals, provender, fare, eatables, viands, supplies. Proviso, «. Condition, provision, clause, condi- tional stipulation. Provisory, a. I. Conditional, hypothetical. 2. Temporary, provisional. Provocation, «. I. Incitement, stimulus, stimu- lant, incentive, provocative. 2. Affront, offence, indignity, insult 3. Vexation, angering. Provocative, a. Stimulating, exciting, inciting, provoking. Provocative, n. Stimulant, stimulus, incentive, provocation. Provoke, v. a. I. Excite, stimulate, arouse, rouse, awaken, incite, move, kindle, inflame, ani- mate, instigate, impel, stir up, work up, in- duce. 2. Exasperate, incense, enrage, chafe, vex, aggravate, anger, irritate, exacerbate, nettle, offend, affront, infuriate, give offence or umbrage to, put out, put out of humor, work into a pas- sion, raise one's ire, make one's blood boil. 3. Cause, promote, occasion, instigate, call forth, produce. Provoking, a. Irritating, vexing, vexatious, an- noying, tormenting, aggravating, offensive. Prow, n. Bow, beak. Prowess, «. Bravery, valor, intrepidity, courage, gallantry, heroism, fearlessness, daring. Prowl, V. n. I. Rove, roam, wander. 2. Prey, plunder. Prosimate, a. Next, nearest, immediate, closest, direct. Proximity, «. I, Nearness. 2. Nearness, contiguity, adjacency, vicinity, vicinage, neighborhood. Proximo, «. [L.] Next month. Proxy, n. Substitute, agent, deputy, delegate, representative, locum tenens, attorney, commis- sioner, lieutenant. Prudence, n. Discretion {accompanied with fore- cast), providence, forecast, sense, caution, careful- ness, circumspection, considerateness, common- sense, judiciousness, judgment, wisdom {applied to the ordinary affairs of life). Prudent, a. I. Discreet, cautious, careful, cir- cumspect, wary, considerate, judicious, provi- dent, foreseeing, wise, prudential. 2. Frugal, economical, thrifty, provident, sparing, saving. Prudential, a. I. Politic, prudent. 2. Discretionary, advisory. Prudery, n. Coyness, demureness, stiffness, affected reserve, excessive nicety. Prudish, a. Coy, demure, reserved, over-modest, affectedly modest or nice, very formal, pre- cise. Pruina, n. [L.] Hoar-frost. Pruinate, ) Pruinose, J a. Frosty, frosted, Pruinous, ) Prune, v. a. I. Lop, trirn, clip, dock. 2. Dress, trim, preen. Prune, n. Dried plum. PRURIENCE 332 PUN Fmrience, \ n. Itching, longing, lust, desire, ap- Fniriencyf j petite, hankering, cupidity, cove- tousness. Prurienty a. Itching, longing, desiring, hanker- ing, craving, lustful, covetous. Prussian Wue. Ferrocyanide of iron, ferrocyan- uret of iron. PrussiC acid. Hydrocyanic acid. Pry, V. n. Peer, peep, search, look closely or narrowly, scrutinize, examine, inspect, question, investigate, be inquisitive. Prying, a. Curious, inquisitive, peering, peeping, scrutinizing. Psalm, n. Sacred song, hymn. Psalmody, «. Psalm-singing, psalmistry. Psalm-Singing, «. Psalmody, psalmistry. Psaim-tune, «. Choral. Irsalter, «. Book of Psalms. Pseudon3'ine, «. False name, fictitious name, nom de plume. PsMw, interj. Poh, pugh, fudge, pish. Psora, ft. [Gr.] (Med.) Scabies, the itch. Psyche, «. Soul, mind. Public, a. I. Of the whole, not private, national, common, general. 2. Open, notorious, general, common. 3. Common, general. Public, n. [Preceded by T/ie.] Persons, men, society, the people, the community, the world, general body of mankind. Publican, «. I. Tax-gatherer. 2. Inn-keeper, victualler. Publication, «. I. Promulgation, proclamation, divulgation, open declaration, blazon. 2. Literary production (dock, pamphlet, tnaga- zine^ etc.). Public-house, «. Inn, tavern, house of enter- tainment, hotel, ale-house, eating-house, victual- lin^-hpuse, restaurant. Publicity, n. Notoriety, currency, publicness. Publish, V. a. I, Promulgate, proclaim, utter, blaze, blazon, announce, declare, disclose, di- vulge, reveal, advertise, bruit, impart, communi- cate, broach, make known, spread, spread abroad, blaze abroad, tell, ventilate, make public. 2. Issue {as a book), emit, send forth, bring out, put forth, print and offer for sale. Puce, a. Dark-brown, reddish-brown, flea-colored. Puceron, «. Plant-louse, vine-fretter, aphis. Puck, «. Robin Good-fellow, Friar Rush, Pug, Hobgoblin. Pucker, v. a. Corrugate, furrow, cockle, wrinkle, crinkle, crease, gather into wrinkles or folds, gather. Pucker, «. Fold, wrinkle, crinkle, crease, furrow. Pudding-stone, «. (Min.) Conglomerate. Puddle, «. Pool {of dirty water), muddy plash. Puddly, a. Muddy, miry, foul, dirty. PudiClty, «. Modesty, chastity. Puerile, a. I. Boyish, childish, juvenile, youth- ful. 2. Foolish, weak, petty, frivolous, trifling, trivial, idle, silly, simple, senseless, nonsensical. Puerility, «. I. Boyishness, childishness, youth- fulness, juvenility. 2. Folly, foolishness, nonsense, weakness, silliness, insipidity. Puff, «. Whiff, sudden gust ; short, quick blast. Puff, V n. I. Blow in puffs. 2. Pant, breathe hard. Puff, V. a. I. Blow. 2. Swell, inflate. 3. Praise {extravagantly), compliment, flatter. Puffed up. Conceited, proud, haughty, overween- ing, vain-glorious, vain. Puffer, «. {Ich.) Globe-fish. Puffin, n. iprnitk.) Coulter-neb, Labrador auk (^Alca Arctica). Puffing, a. Bragging, boasting. Puff Up. Inflate, swell, blow up. Puffy, a. I. Swelled, swollen, tumid, turgid, puffed out, distended. 2. Bombastic, inflated, extravagant, turgid, tumid, pompous. Pugh, interj. Pshaw, poh, fudge, pish. Pugilism, n. Boxing, fisticuffs, fighting with the fist. Pugilist, «. Boxer. Pugnacious, a. Quarrelsome, fighting, contentious. Pugnacity, «. Quarrelsomeness. Pugnis et calcibus. [L.] With fists and heels, with all one's might, tooth and nail, hammer and tongs. Puissance, «. Power, force, strength, might, potency. Puissant, a. Powerful, strong, mighty, forcible, potent. Puke, v.n. I. Vomit, spew. 2. Sicken, be disgusted. Puke, V. a. Vomit, spew, cast up, throw up. Pulchritude, «. Beauty, comeliness, grace, love- liness. Pule, V. n. Whine, whimper, cry, snivel. Puling, a. I. Whining, whimpering. 2. Infantine, childish, trifling. Pull, n. I. Pluck, shake, twitch. 2. Contest, struggle. 3. Hap, venture, chance {collog.). Pull, V a. I. Draw, haul, tug, drag. 2. Pluck, gather. 3. Tear, rend, draw apart. PuU, V. n. Tug, give a pull. Pull down. I. Demolish, subvert, destroy. 2. Degrade, humble, bring down. Pull in one's horns. {Collog.) Repress one's ardor, restrain one's pride, cease boasting. Pull out. Extract, draw out. Pull up. I. {Active.) Draw up, haul up. 2. {Active.) Extirpate, eradicate, destroy, pluck up, root out. 3. {Neuter) Stop, halt, draw the reins. Pulmonary, a- Pulmonic. Pulmonic, a. Pulmonary. Pulp, «. Soft part, soft mass. Pulpit, n. I. Desk, sacred desk. 2. Preaching, public religious exercises. Pulpy, a. Soft, fleshy, succulent, pulpous. Pulsate, V. n. Beat, throb. Pulsation, «. Beating, beat, throbbing, throb, palpitation. Pulsatory, a. Throbbing, palpitating. Pulse, «. I. Beating or throbbing of an artery, pulsation, throb. 2. Oscillation, vibration, pulsation, measured or regular beat. 3. Legumes, fruit of leguminous plants. Pultaceous, a. Macerated, softened, pappy, near- ly fluid. Pulverize, v. a. Triturate, comminute, bruise, grind, bray, levigate, reduce to powder, pulver- ate. Pulverulent, a. Dusty, powdery. Puma, «. American tiger. Pummel, «. [Written also and preferably Pom- ■mel.'\ Knob, protuberant part, ball. Pummel, v. a. [Written also and preferably Pom- mel.^ Beat, strike, knock, hit, punch, whack, batter, belabor, bruise, thrash, flog, drub, bang, maul, thwack, thump, cudgel, baste. Pump, V. a. Cross-examine, interrogate, cross- question. Pun, n. Quibble, clinch, calembourg, play upon words, witticism, conceit, paragram. PUN 333 PURLIEUS Polly V. ft. Quibble, play upon words, make a pun. Punch, V. a. I. Perforate, bore, pierce, punc- ture. 2. Push, poke, strike. Pimcll> «. I. Borer, puncheon. 2. Push, poke, blow, thrust. 3. HoT^^ {short and thick). A. Buffoon (of a puppet-show), clown, harle- quin, Punchinello, merry-andrew, mountebank, jester, droll, zany, scaramouch, fool, antic, pickle- herring, jack-pudding, mime. Ptmchlnello, «. Buffoon. See Punch. Punctilio, n. Nicety {of behavior), nice point, point, pique. Punctilious, a. Nice, exact, particular, careful, precise, strict, scrupulous, over-scrupulous, con- scientious, punctual, ceremonious. Punctual^ a. I. Nice, exact, minutely correct, punctilious. 2. Prompt, seasonable, timely. Punctuality, «. I. Nicety, scrupulosity, exact- ness. 2. Promptness, punctualness. Punctualness, «. Exactness, punctuality. Punctuate, v. a. Point, mark with points, sepa- rate into sentences. Puncture, «. Small hole, wound, bite, sting. Puncture, v. a. Prick, perforate, pierce. Pungency, «. I. Acridness, acrimony, acri- moniousness, tartness, causticity, poignancy, piquancy, sharpness. 2. Keenness, severity, satire, pointedness, smartness. Pnn|[ent, a. I. Smart, stinging, stimulating, pncking, sharp, biting, mordant, burning, caustic, pyrotic, hot, peppery, piercing, penetrating, piquant, acrid. 2. Acute, keeuj trenchant, cutting, acrimoni- ous, severe, peevish, tart, waspish, distressing, poignant, smart, painful, satirical, pointed. Punic, a. I. Of the Carthaginians, Carthaginian. 2. Faithless, perfidious, treacherous, deceitful, untrustworthy, false, betraying, traitorous. Punic faitb. Treachery, treacherousness, perfidy, traitorousness, perfidiousness. Puniness, n. Littleness, pettiness, smallness with feebleness. Punish, V. a, I. Chastise, castigate, lash, chasten, scourge, whip, flog. 2. Discipline, correct, visit with pain or suf- fering, take vengeance on, inflict penalties upon, subject to penalty. Punishment, n. I. Chastisement, castigation, scourging, correction, discipline. 2. Penalty. Punitive, a. Penal. Punk, n. I, Prostitute, strumpet, harlot, whore, trull, drab. 2. Touchwood, spunk, agaric, amadou, Ger- man tinder. Punner, «. Punster. Pnnning, n. Paronomasy, paronomasia. Funster, n. Punner, quibbler, paragrammatist. Puny, a. I. Weak, feeble, inferior. _ 2. Little, small, petty, insignificant, diminu- tive, undeveloped, undersized, tiny, dwarf, dwarfish, pygmy, pygmean, stunted, Liliputian. Pup, «. I. Puppy, whelp, young dog. 2. Young seal. Pupa, n. Chrysalis, aurelia. Pupil, «. I. {Anat.) Apple of the eye. 2. Learner, scholar, disciple, student, tyro, beginner, novice, neophyte, catechumen. X (La7V.) Ward. rupilaie, n. Nonage, minority, wardship, pupil- arity, tutelage. Puppet, n. I. Doll. 2. Marionette, image. 3. Tool. Puppy, «. I. Pup, whelp, young dog. 2. Fop, coxcomb, prig, jackanapes, dandy. Purblind, a. Dim-sighted, near-sighted, short- sighted, myopic, mope-eyed. Purchase, v. a. I. Buy, bargain for, get by pay- ment. 2. {Rare.) Obtain, acquire, procure, get, gam. Purchase, «. I. Bargain. 2. Property, possession, acquisition, thing ac- quired. 3. Hold, advantage, power, force. 4. Tackle, lever, capstan. Purchaser, «. Buyer, vendee. Pure, a. I. Clean, clear, unsullied, unstained, stainless, undefiled, spotless, unspotted, fair, immaculate, untamted, untarnished, unpolluted, uncorrupted, unblemished. 2. Innocent, guiltless, guileless, true, virtuous, upright, honest, incorrupt, holy 3. Genuine, unadulterated, unmixed, real, perfect, simple, clear. 4. Modest, chaste. 5. Mere, absolute, sheer. 6. Classic, classical, Attic. Purely, ad. i. Genuinely. 2. Innocently, chastely, guilelessly. 3. Merely, absolutely, entirely, completely, totally. Pureness, «. See Pijrity. Purgation, «. Clearing, cleansing, purification, lustration, clarification, defecation, detersion. Purgative, a. Cathartic, abstergent, abstersive, cleansing, purifying, evacuant, detersive, deter- gent. Purgative, «. (Med.) Purge, physic, cathartic, scourer, purgative medicine. Purgatory, a. Cleansing, expiatory. Purgatory, «. Limbo, hell, infernal regions, shades below. Purge, V. a. I. Cleanse, clear, purify, free from impuritv. 2. Clarify, defecate. 3. Physic, scour. 4. Deterge, wash away. Purge, n. See Purgative. Purging, n. {Med.) Diarrhoea, relax, flux, lien- tery, dysentery. Purification, «. I. Cleansing, purifying. _ 2. Defecation, clearing, clarification, depura- tion. 3. Lustration. Purifier, «. Cleanser, refiner. Purify, V. a. I. Clear, clean, cleanse, purge, free from impurity, make pure. 2. Defecate {as liquors), clarify, fine. Purism, «. Nicety (m the use of words), fastidi- ousness, squeamishness, daintiness, euphuism, affected elegance, finical style. Puritanic, I a. Strict, rigid, ascetic, over-scru- Puritanlcal, J pulous, prim, strait-laced, precise in religious matters. Purity, n. I. Clearness, fineness. 2. Cleanness, clearness, immaculateness. 3. Innocence, virtue, guiltlessness, guileless- ness, holiness, honesty, integrity, uprightness, truth, .simplicity. 4. Genuineness, excellence, integrity. 5. Modesty, chastity, chasteness. Purl, V. n. Murnuir, ripple, gurj^le, bubble. Purlieus, n. pi. \_Usedge?uraUy in a bad sense.] Environs, precincts, suburbs, neighborhood, vicinage, borders, limits, outskirts, con- fines. PURLOIN 834 PUT ON Pnrloin, v. a. Steal, rob, pilfer, thieve, filch, abstract, crib, cabbage. Purport, «. Design, meaning, signification, im- port, significance, drift, current, tenor, bearing, scope, sense, tendency, gist, intent, spirit. Purport, V. a. Intend, mean, signify, import, show, design. Purpose, n. I. Aim, intent, intention, design, object, end, drift, view, final cause. 2. Design, project, plan, intention. 3. Sense, meaning, purport. 4. End, effect, consequence. 5. Question, subject-matter in hand. Purpose, V. a. Intend, design, mean, meditate, thmk of, have in mind, resolve upon, propose to one's self, harbor a design, contemplate, deter- mine upon. Purpose, V. ft. Intend, design, mean, have m mind, determine, resolve. Purposeless, a. Aimless. Purposely, ad. Intentionally, designedly, by design, on purpose, advisedly, wittingly, know- ingly, deliberately. Pursuance, «. Pursuit, prosecution, following out. Pursuant to. Agreeable to, conformable to, ac- cording to, in pursuance of, following. Pursue, V. a. I. Follow, chase, hunt, track, dog, hound, go after, give chase to, 2. Continue, prosecute, conduct, keep up, carry on, persist m, engage in, follow up, main- tain, stick to. 3. Seek, strive for, try to obtain. 4. Follow, proceed along, keep to, keep on. 5. Imitate, follow as an example. 6. Attend, accompany, follow close. Pursuit, «. I. Chase, race. 2. Pursuance, prosecution, following out. Pursuit of. I. Chase after. 2. Prosecution of, search for, quest, endeavor after. Pursuivant, «. I. Follower, attendant. 2. State messenger. Pursy, a. I. Fat, corpulent, fleshy, plump, short, thick, pudgy, podgy. 2. Short-breathed, short-winded, thick-winded PurulencC, I «. I. Suppuration, secretion of Purulency, I pus. 2. Pus, matter, purulent matter. Pnmlent, a. Feculent, suppurating, festering, corrupt. Purvey, %>• «• !• Provide, furnish, cater, pro- cure provisions, provide food, victual, find pro- vision. 2. Procure, get, obtain. Purveyance, «. Provisions, food, victuals pro- vided. Purveyor, ». Provider, caterer, victualler. Purview, «. Limit, sphere, scope, extent, reach, compass. Pus, «. Purulence, matter, purulent matter. Puseylte, a. Tractarian, Tractite, Oxford school. Push, V. a. I. Thrust, impel {by pressure), hustle, jostle, justle, elbow, crowd, shove. 2. Urge, press forward, drive on. 3. Force, press, drive, embarrass by argu- ments. 4. Importune, tease, press with solicitation. 5. Prosecute, follow closely- 6. Impel, drive, urge. Push, V. n. I. Thrust, make a thrust. 2. Endeavor, strive, try, exert one's self. 3. Bud, sprout, germinate, vegetate, grow, burst out, put forth, shoot forth. Push, n. I. Thrust, foin. 2. Trial, test, exijrence, exigency, extremity, emergency, pinch, strait. - 3. Onset, attack, assault, charge, strong effort. Push on. Advance, hasten forward. Pusillanimity, n. Cowardice, cowardliness, timid- ity, poltroonery, recreancy, dastardliness, mean- spiritedness, pusillanimousness, effeminacy, faint- heartedness, fear. Pusillanimous, a. Cowardly, timorous, timid, feeble, recreant, dastardly, effieminate, spiritless, weak, mean-spirited, little-souled, faint-hearted. Pustule, n. Ulcer, fester, imposthume, gathering, pimple, blotch, blain, sore, abscess, aposteme. Put, V. a. I. Place, set, lay, deposit, bring. 2. Impose, enjoin, levy, mflict. 3. Propose, offer, state, present, bring for- ward. 4. Oblige, compel, force, constrain, push to action. 5. Incite, urge, entice, induce. 6. Express, utter, state in language. Put, V. n. Steer. Put, I «. Rustic, clown, boor, simpleton, oddity, Putt, ) simple fellow. Put about. {Naut.) Tack, turn, change the course. Putative, a. Reputed, supposed, commonly es- teemed, deemed, reckoned, reported. Put away. I. Lay away, set aside, put aside. 2. Renounce, discard, reject, put off, expeL 3. Divorce. Put back. I. Hinder, delay. 2. Restore. 3. Set. Put by. I. Lay by, lay aiide. 2. Thrust aside, turn off. Put down. I. Deposit, lay down. 2. Repress, crush, baffle, overthrow, destroy, conquer. 3. Degrade, confute, humiliate, abash, shame, disconcert, humble, extinguish, suppress. 4. Confute, silence. Put forth. {Active.) I. Exert, bring into play, bring into action, make manifest. 2. Extend, thrust out, reach, stretch out. 3. Emit, send out, throw out. 4. Publish, issue. 5. Propose, offer to notice. Put forth. {Neuter.) I. Leave port, put to sea. 2. Bud, shoot, germinate, push, vegetate, grow. Put forward. I. Promote, advance. 2. Aid, cause to progress. 3. Set. Put in. {Active.) Introduce, insert, interpose, bring in. Put in. (Neuter.) Make a harbor, enter a port, conduct into a harbor. Put in for. Make a claim, offer one's self for, be a candidate for Put in mind. Remind, call to remembrance. Put in practice. Apply, exercise, make use of. Put in one's oar. {Collog.) Interfere, meddle, intermeddle. Put off. {Active.) I. Discard, renounce, reject, cast aside, lay aside, divest one's self of. 2. Defeat, frustrate, disappoint, turn aside, baffle. 3. Defer, delay, procrastinate, postpone. 4. Get rid of, dispose of, pass fraudulently. Put off. {Neuter. ) Leave shore, put to sea, put forth, push from land. Put-off, n. Shift, evasion, excuse, pretext. Put on. I. Invest with, clothe. 2. Assume, take on. 3. Impose, inflict. 4. Impute to, charge upon. 5. Incite, instigate. 6. {Law.) Rest upon, submit to. PUT SHOULDER TO WHEEL 335 QUALIFICATION Put one's shoulder to the wheel. Render as- sistance, lend a hand, help. Put out. I. Eject, expel, drive out. 2. Extend, protrude, hold out, stretch forth. 3. Emit, send out, throw out, shoot out. 4. Extinguish. 5. Publish, issue, make public. 6. Dislocate, luxate. 7. Confuse, disconcert, interrupt. 8. Offend, displease, anger, provoke, vex, irri- tate. 9. Place at interest. Put out Ot countenance. Shame, mortify, abash. Put over. I. Place in command of, give authority over. 2. Defer, postpone, put off. 3. Refer, send. 4. Sail over. Putrefy, v. a. Corrupt, rot, render putrid. Putrefy, v. «. Rot, decay, decompose, become rotten, become putrid. Putrescence, «. Rottenness, putridity. Putrid, a. Decomposed, rotten, decayed, corrupt, putrefied, stinking. Putridity, «. Putridness, rottenness, corruption, putrefaction. Put the hand to. I. Apply, take hold, begin, undertake. 2. Steal, purloin, filch. Put to. I. Unite, add to. 2. Expose, refer to, give over to. 3. Lay by. 4. Assist with. Put to death. Kill. Put to flight. Cause to flee, scatter in flight. Put to it. Distress, perplex, puzzle, embarrass, stagger, pose, nonplus. Put to rights. Adjust, regulate, set in order, set to rights. Put to sea. Set sail, put forth, put off, begin a voyage. Put to shame. Shame, abash, mortify, make ashamed, put to the blush, put out of coun- tenance, put down. Put to the blush. See Put to shamb. Put to the halter. Hang. Put to the sword. Kill, slay. Put up. (Active. ) I. Store, pack away, preserve. 2. Expose, offer publicly. 3. Put away, lay away, set aside. 4. Hoard, save. Put up. (Neuter.) Lodge, stay, take lodgings. See Stop. Put up with. Endure (without complaint), bear, tolerate, suffer, overlook, submit to, make the best of. Puzzle, V. a. I. Perplex, embarrass, bewilder, confound, stagger, pose, nonplus, confuse, mys< tify, gravel. 2. Make intricate, entangle, complicate. Puzzle, n. I. Riddle, enigma, labyrinth, maze. 2. Perplexity, embarrassment, bewilderment, confusion, dark problem, difficulty, poser, knotty point, quandary, nonplus. Pyemia, «. (Med.) Blood-poisoning. ]^et, n. Magpie. ^gmean, a. Dwarfish, dwarfed, diminutive, small, stunted, Liliputian, pygmy, little. Pygmy, «. Dwarf, hop o' my thumb. ^gmy, a. Dwarfish. See Pygmean. Pyre, «. Funeral pile. ryXuXtnOi, a. Pear-shaped, obconical. ^rroligneous Spirit, n. Wood-spirit, wood^ naphtha. See Pvroxylic spirit. Pjrrosis, n. (Med.) Water-brash, water-qualm. gJSI^fe.!- Of «-'"'■'■ ^rotechniCS, n. Pyrotechny. ^rrotechnist, n. Manufacturer of fireworks. Pyrotechny, «• Pyrotechnics. l^TOtiC, a. Caustic, burning. I^oxene, n. (Mn.) Augite. Pjrroxyllc acid. See Pvroxvlic spirit. ^n*oxyllC spirit. Wood-spirit, wood-naphtha, me- thylic alcohol, pyroxylic acid, pyroligneous spirit. Pyroxyline, «. Gun-cotton. P3rrrhonism, n. Scepticism, unbelief, incredulity, universal doubt. P3rrrhonist, «. Sceptic, doubter. Pyx, n. Box (especially that in which the host is kept), tabernacle, vessel, pyxis. Q Quack, ft. Charlatan, empiric, mountebank, im- postor, pretender, humbug. Quackery, «. Charlatanism, charlatanry, empir- icism, mummery, imposition, pretension, hum- bug. )uadrangular, a. Four-comered. Quadrate, a. Square. )uadrate, »■ Square. PJa,e.|- ""-'-""^ Quadrilateral, a. Four-sided, madruped, ». Four-footed animaL )uadruple, a. Fourfnld. laere, v. n. [L. imperative.'] Inquire, seek, question, see. Quaff, V. a. Drink (copiously), swallow in large draughts. Qua?gy, «. Boggy, marshy, swampy, queachy. Quagmire, «. Bog, fen, slough, morass, marsh, swamp. Quail, V. n. Cower, shrink, flinch, faint, blench, droop, quake, tremble, be quelled, give way, lose courage, lose spirit, be cast down. Quaint, a. I. Odd, strange, singular, antique, antiquated, old-fasliioned, archaic, unusual, un- common, extraordinary, unique, curious, droll, fanciful. 2. Recondite, subtle, ingenious, artful , abstruse, pice, neat, artificially elegant, characterized by ingenuity or art. 3. Far-fetched, affected, odd, whimsical, fan- tastic, out of the way. Quake, v. n. I. Shake, tremble, shudder, shiver, quiver. 2. Shake, tremble, vibrate, quiver, move. Quake, ft. Shake, trembling, shudder, tremulous agitation. Quaker, «. Friend. Oualifiahle, a. Modifiable, abatable. Qualification, « I. Fitness, suitableness, capa- bilitv, accomplishment, requisite capacity, ability, legal power. 2. Modification, limitation, restriction, con- dition. 3. Abatement, diminution, mitigation, allow- ance, grains of allowance. QUALIFIED QUESTION 4. Adaptation, fitting, preparation. Qualified, a. I. Modified, limited. 2. Competent, lit, adapted. Qualify, v. a. I. Fit, adapt, capacitate, equip, prepare, empower, make tit, make suitable, make capable. 2. Modify, limit, restrict, restrain, narrow. 3. Soften, abate, diminish, mitigate, ease, assuage, moderate, temper, reduce. 4. Regulate, vary, temper, modulate. 5. Dilute, modify. Quality, «. I. Property, attribute, nature, char- acteristic, peculiarity, trait. 2. Disposition, humor, temper, mood, charac- ter, condition, characteristic. 3. Rank, condition, station, standing, status, character, sort, kind, description, capacity. 4. [With The prefixed.] Nobility, gentry, aristocracy, persons of rank, noblesse. 5. Brand, chop. 6. Part, special character, assumed position. Qualm, «. I. Throe, pang, agony, sudden attack. 2. Sickness {of the stomach), nausea. 3. Twinge {of conscience)^ scruple, uneasiness, compunction, remorse. Qnalniish, a. Sick {at the stomach), inclined to vomit, queasy, nauseated. Quandary, «. Difficulty, perplexity, doubt, puzzle, uncertainty, embarrassment, bewilderment, non- plus,_ strait, dilemma, pickle, predicament. Quantity, «. I. Size, greatness, extent, measure. 2. Amount, aggregate, bulk, sum. 3. Length, duration. ^ {Log.) Category, universal predicament, general conception. Quantum SUfficit. [L.] Enough, sufficient. Quarrel, «. I. Brawl, feud, affray, fray, tumult, contention, altercation, tiff, misunderstanding, wrangle, contest, squabble, broil, jar, breach, rupture, dispute, difference, disagreement, dis- sension, bickering, quarrelling, strife, breeze, falling out, variance. 2. Dispute, contest, open variance, breach of concord. ' 3. Objection, ill-will. Quarrel, v. n. I. Wrangle, scold, altercate, squabble, bicker, brawl, dispute, spar, jangle, fall out, have words, have an altercation, be at variance. 2. Scuffle, squabble, fight. 3. Cavil, find fault, carp. 4. Disagree, clash, jar, be discordant. Quarrelsome, a. Irascible, choleric, irritable, petulant, cross, contentious, disputatious. Quarry, n. I. Stone-pit, stone-bed. 2. Prey {especially that of the hunting falcon), game, object of the chase. 3. Pane of glass. Quart, n Two pints, fourth part of a gallon. Quarter, n. I. Fourth part. 2. District, region, territory, locality, place. 3. Mercy {granted by a conqueror). 4. Station, position, location, specific place. 5. Proper position, specific place, special location. Quarter, v. a. I, Divide in four equal parts. 2. Divide, separate into parts, cut to pieces. 3. Lodge, billet, furnish with quarters {as sol- diers). 4. Allot, share, deal out, furnish. Quarter, v. «. Lodge, abide, have lodgings, be stationed. Quarter-note, n. Crotchet. Quarters, n. pi. I. Stations, posts, cantonments. 2. Lodging, dwelling, abode, habitation, shel- ter, entertainment, temporary residence. Quartz, »■ Silex, silica. Quartzite, «. Quartz-rock. Quash, V. a. I. Crush, beat to pieces. 2. Crush, subdue, quell, repress, suppress, extinguish, put down. 3. {Law.) Annul, nullify, overthrow, cancel, make void, abate. Quasi. [L.] Apparently, as if, as though, as it were, in a certain sense, to a certain extent, in a manner. Quassation, «. Concussion, shaking. Quaternary, a. Four, fourfold, consisting of four. Quateron, «. Quadroon. Quayer, v. «. Tremble, shake, quiver, vibrate. Quaver, «. {Mus.) I. Shake. 2. Eighth-note, eighth of a semibreve, quarter of a minim, half of a crotchet. Quay, n. Wharf, artificial bank, landing-place. Queachy, a. Shaking, yielding, trembling, moving. Quean, «. Jade, hussy, base woman, sorry wench. Queasy, a. I. Qualmish, sick {at the stomach), inclined to vomit, nauseated. 2. Fastidious, squeamish, difficult, over-nice, delicate. Queer, a. Odd, .strange, singular, droll, whimsical, quaint, curious, fantastic, unusual, uncommon, extraordinary, unique. Queest, n. Cushat, ring-dove, European wood- pigeon {Columba palumbus). Quell, V. a. I. Subdue, suppress, crush, over- come, put down, overpower. 2. Repress, restrain, check, smother, stifle, extinguish, quench, curb, bridle, lay, rein in. 3. Quiet, calm, still, compose, lull, hush, tran- quillize, pacify, allay, reduce to peace, subdue. 4. Moderate, assuage, mitigate, allay, appease, alleviate, mollify, soften, dull, soothe, blunt, deaden. Quench, v. a. I. Extinguish, put out. 2. Destroy, still, stifle, repress, check, sup- press, out an end to. 3. Allay, shake, cool, extinguish. Quenchless, a. Inextinguishable, unquenchable, irrepressible. Querimonious, a. See Querulous. Querist, «. Inquirer, interrogator, investigator, questioner. Querulous, a. Complaining, murmuring, queri- monious, petulant, peevish, cross, dissatisfied, discontented, fault-finding, bewailing, lamenting, whining, mourning, fretful. Query, « Question, inquiry, it>terrogatory. Query, v. n. Make inquiry, ask questions. Query, v. a. I. Question, inquire, ask. 2. Doubt, dispute, hesitate to believ, con- sider questionable. Quest, n. I. Search. 2. Pursuit, suit. 3. Inquiry, examination. 4. Request, desire, prayer, solicitation, invita- tion, demand. Question, «. I. Interrogation, examination, in- quiry, act of askuig. 2. Interrogatory, query, inquiry. 3. Discussion, inquiry;, debate, disquisition, investigation, trial, examination. 4. Dispute, controversy, doubt, verbal contest. 5. Proposition, motion, topic, point, theme of inquiry, subject of investigation.^ 6. Examination, investigation, trial, judicial or official inquiry. 7. Torture, examination. Question, v. a. I. Interrogate, ask, catechise, examine, inquire of, put questions to. 2. Doubt, query, hesitate to believe, consider questionable, be uncertain of. QUESTIONABLE 337 QUIT 3. Dispute, call in question, challenge, take exception to. Questionable, a. Doubtful, suspicious, uncertain, equivocal, problematical, disputable, coutroverli- ble, debatable, liable to question. Qaesuoner, «. Inquirer, interrogator. Uuib, n. Sarcasm, bitter taunt, gibe, quip. Qoibble, «. I. Evasion, cavil, subterluge, pre- tence, subtlety, quirk, shift, prevarication, equiv- ocation, sophism, quiddity, trifling nicety. 2. Pun, clinch, calembourg, play upon words. Quibble, ». «. !• Cavil, shuffle, prevaricate, equivocate, practise evasion, evade the truth, trifle, shift. 2. Pun, play upon words. Quick, a. I. Active, nimble, agile, animated, sprightly, lively, smart, alert, brisk, prompt, ready. 2. Rapid, swift, speedy, fleet, fast, hasty, ex- peditious, hurried, flying. 3. Dexterous, adroit, skilful, expert, apt. 4. Acute, clever, sharp, shrewd, keen, intelli- gent, sagacious, discerning, sensitive. 5. Excitable, restless, passionate. 6. Hasty, precipitate, sharp, unceremonious, choleric, passionate, testy, irritable, touchy, waspish, petulant, irascible, peppery, snap- , pish. 7. Alive, living, live, animate. 8. Pregnant, with child. 9. Fresh, sharp, bracing. Quick, ad. See Quickly. Quick, n. Quickset, hawthorn. Quicken, v. a. l. Vivify, revive, resuscitate, make alive, animate, ^ive life to. 2. Revive, cheer, reinvigorate, refresh. 3. Hasten, accelerate, speed, hurry, expedite, despatch. 4. Stimulate, sharpen, excite, incite, refresh, actuate. Quickens, «. See Quick-gr.iss. Quicken-tree, «. Rowan-tree, mountain-ash {European)^ sorb, fowler's service-tree i^Pynu aucufiaria or Sorbus aucuparia). Quick-grass, «. Knot-grass, dog-wheat, dog's- grass, couch-grass, wheat-grass, twitch-grass, quitch-grass, quickens {Trttuum repens). Quick-lime, «. Caustic lime, protoxide of cal- cium, burned lime. Quickly, ad. I. Speedily, swiftly, rapidly, nim- bly, readily, fast, quick, with haste, with celer- ity, post-haste. 2. Soon, without delay, immediately, in a short time. Quickness, «. I. Celerity, expedition, velocity, speed, speediness, fleetness, rapidity, swiftness, despatch, haste. 2. Activity, briskness, nimbleness, readiness, promptness, promptitude, alertness, agility, smartness, liveliness. 3. Dexterity, adroitness, expertness, dexter- ousness, aptness, aptitude, facility, knack. 4. Sharpness, penetration, keenness, acute- ness, sagacity, shrewdness, perspicacity, acumen. 5. Sharpness, pungency, keenness. Quicksand, «. Syrtis. Quick-sighted, a. Sharp-sighted, lynx-eyed, quick-eyed, eagle-eyed, hawk-eyed, perspica- cious Quicksilver, «. Mercun', hydrargyrum. Quick-witted, a. Witty, smart, nimble-witted, ready. Quid, «. Cud. Quidam, n. [L.] Somebody, some one, one un- known. Quiddity, « I. Essence, nature. 2. Quibble, cavil, evasion, sophism, subter- fuge, prevarication, equivocation, trifling nicety, subtlety, quirk. Quiddle, V. n. Dawdle, waste time in trifles, be busy about trifles. ^ddler,}«- Trifler, dawdler. Quidnunc, n. Newsmonger, gossiper. Quid pro quo. [L.] Equivalent, tit for tat. Quiescence, «. I. Rest, repose, quiet, quietude, stillness, calmness, calm, tranquillity, peace. 2. Suspense, intermissiun, remission, dor- mancy, abeyance. 3. Silence. Quiescent, a. I. Quiet, resting, still, motionless, at rest, at a stand, stock-still, standing still. 2. Quiet, still, placid, calm, unagitated, undis- turbed, tranquil, serene, unruffled. 3. Silent. Quiet, a. I. Still, quiescent, unmoved. 2. Tranquil, calm, peaceful, peaceable, silent, gentle, mild, meek, contented. 3. Smooth, unruffled, unmolested, undis- turbed, placid, tranquil. 4. Calm, patient, contented. 5. Retired, secluded. Quiet, «• I. Rest, repose, stillness, calm, calm- ness, quietude, quiescence, quietness. 2. Tranquillity, peace, security, ease, calm, calmness, silence, quietness, serenity, repose, freedom from disturbance or alarm. 3. Patience, calmness. Quiet, V. a. I. Stop, suspend, still, arrest, inter- rupt, intermit, discontinue, put a stop to. 2. Tranquillize, calm, compose, lull, pacify, appease, soothe, sober, allay. Still, silence, hush. 4. Moderate, allay, assuage, mitigate, mollify, alleviate, soften, dull, blunt. Quietly, ad. I. Peaceably, at rest, without dis- turbance, without agitation. 2. Calmly, patiently. 3. Silently, noiselessly. Quietness, n. Tranquillity, stillness, calmness. Quietude, «. See Quirt. Quietus, n. Acquittance, final discharge, settle- ment. Quill, «. Pen. Quill-driver, «. I. Writer, scribbler. 2. Clerk, scribe, secretary, amanuensis. Oninia ( "" Sulphate of quinia, sulphate of Quinine,! ^"•"'"^- QuinQtlina, n. Cinchona, Jesuit's bark, Peruvian bark, Cinchona bark. intessence, n. Es.sence, essential part, extract nintuple, a. Fivefold. ulp, n. Taunt, gibe, jeer, .scoff, sneer, mock, flout, sally, quirk, crank, repartee, retort, sharp saying, caustic or cutting remark, biting jest. Quirk, n. I. Evasion, shift, make-shift, loop- hole, quibble, pretence, pretext, excuse- 2. Taunt, gibe, jeer, sally, quip. Quit, V. a. I. Deliver, release, free, acquit, ab- solve, set free. 2. Free, relieve, clear, liberate, discharge from, deliver. 3. Acquit, conduct {used refiexively). 4. Resign, give up, renounce, relinquish, sur- render. 5. Perform, carry through. 6. Pay, discharge, requite, repay. 7. Leave {with tfu purpose of tuver reiurtf ing), withdraw from, go away from, retire from, depart from, get away from. 8. Abandon, desert, forsake, forswear, cast off. Quit, a. Clear, free, absolved, released, ac- quitted, discharged. 22 QUITCH-GRASS 338 RADICALLY Quitch-grass, «. See Quick-grass. Quite, ad. I. Completely, wholly, entirely, to- tally, perfectly. 2. Very, considerably, in a great degree, to a great extent. Quit scores. Settle mutual accounts, quit from mutual obligations, clear mutually from all de- mands, make even. Quittance, n. I. Discharge, acquittance, receipt. 2. Recompense, return, repayment, reward, requital. Quiver, v. n. I. Quake, shake. 2. Tremble, play, be agitated. 3. Tremble, shudder, shiver. Quiver, «• Trembling, tremulous motion, shake, shudder, shiver. Quixotic, a. Visionary; imaginarjr, wild, mad, lanciful, freakish, Utopian, chimerical, fantastic, fantastical, absurdly romantic. Quiz, «. I. Puzzle {jby way of sporf), enigma, riddle, knotty question, hoax, joke, jest. 2. Odd fellow, joker, jester. Quiz, V, a. I. Puzzle {/or sport), ridicule, banter, hoax, run upon, make fun of, make sport of. 2. Stare at (in mockery), peer at. Quo ad hoc. [L.] As to this, as far as this is concerned. Quo animo. [L.] Animus, design, motive. Quondam, a. [L.] Former, late, old-time, in former times, past, ci-devant. Quota, n. Portion, share, contingent, proportion, proportional part. UOtation, «. Citation, extract. LOte, V. a. Cite, adduce, name, repeat ttOth, V. n. Said, spoke. tUOtna, interj. Indeed, forsooth. jUOtidian, a. Daily, diurnal. iaotidian, «. {Med.) Quotidian fever. R RabMn 1 "* ^^^""^^ doctor, teacher, master. Rabbit, n. Cony {Lefus cuntculus). Rabble, «. I. Mob, rout, rabble-rout, tumultu- ous crowd of vulgar people ; confused, disorderly crowd. 2. Populace, commonalty, herd, dregs of the people, the common people, scum of society, lowest class of people, lower classes, the masses, riff-raff, swinish multitude, ignoble vulgar, vulgar herd, canaille. 3. Rhapsody, incoherent discourse, medley. Rabid, a. I. Furious, raging, mad. 2. Rampant, intolerant, excessively enthusias- tic. Raca, n. [Heb.] Fool, beggar, worthless fellow. Race, n. I. Generation, lineage, stock, breed, family, line, house, kindred. 2. Tribe, family, clan, people, nation. 3. Progeny, descendants, offspring, children, breed, lineajre, issue, stock. 4. Trial of speed. 5. Chase, pursuit. 6. Mill-race, head-race. 7. Flavor, taste, strength, quality, smack {of wine). 8. Root. Race, V. n. I. Run swiftly. 2. Contend in running. Race, V. a. Drive swiftly. Race-course, «. Ring, racing ground. Race-horse, n. I. Racer, blood-horse, thorough- bred horse. 2. {Ornith.) Steamer-duck (Micropterus hra- ckypterus). Racer, n. I. Runner. 2. Race-horse, courser, blood-horse, thorough- bred horse. Rachitic, a. Rickety. Rachitis, «. {Med.) Rickets, inflammation of the spine. Rack, n. I. Torture, torment, anguish, agony, pang, extreme pain. 2. Crib, manger. 3. Neck (of mutton), crag. 4. Mist, vapor, flying cloud, moisture, damp- ness. 5. (JVaut.) Fairleader. 6. Stand, frame. 7. Arrack, spirituous liquor. Rack, v.a. I. Torture, torment, distress, agonize, excruciate, pain extremely. 2. Stretch, strain, force, wrest. 3. Draw off {from sediment). 4. Harass {by exaction), exhaust. 5. Heighten, exaggerate. Racket, «. Uproar, clamor, hubbub, tumult, din, noise, outcry, disturbance. Racket-court, «. Tennis-court. Racy, a. I. That tastes of the soil (as wine), of a peculiar flavor, pungent, flavorous, fine-flavored, rich, piquant, strong. 2. Strong {as peculiar qualities of thought or of expression), vigorous, forcible, of a distinctive character, spirited, pungent, piquant. Raddle, v. a. I. Interweave, twist together. 2. Wrinkle. Radiance, n. Brilliance, brilliancy, lustre, bright- ness, splendor, resplendence, effulgence, reful- gence, glare, glitter, shine, glister. Radiant, y argument or by evidence)^ con- fute, refute, disprove, show the fallacy of Recalcitrant, a. Opposing, refractory. Recalcitrate, v. a. Oppose, kick against, be refractory. Recalcitration, «. Opposition, repugnance, kick- ing back. Recall, V. a. I. Revoke, retract, recant, repeal, abjure, rescind, annul, overrule, cancel, nullify, countermand, set aside. 2. Recollect, remember, recall to mind. Recall, n. Revocation, recantation, retraction. Recant, v. a. Retract, revoke, recall, annul, abjure, disown, disavow, unsay. Recantation, h. Retraction, revocation, recall, abjuration. Recapitulate, v. a. Repeat, reiterate, rehearse, reate, run over, sum up, give a summary of Recapitulation, n. Summary, summing up, con- ci.se statement. Recede, v. n. I. Retire, withdraw, retreat, retro- grade, move back, return. 2. Withdraw, desist. Receipt, n. I. Reception. 2. Reception, admission. 3. Recipe, prescription, formulary. 4. {Com.) Acquittance, quittance, acknowl- edgment of payment. Receive, v. a. I. Take, accept, derive, obtain, acquire, get. 2. Admit, take in. 3. Entertain, welcome, preet. 4. Allow, permit, tolerate. 5. Believe, embrace, give credence to. 6. Hold, contain, have capacity for, retain, admit. 7. Suffer. Received, a. Accepted, current, admitted, be- lieved. Receiver, «. I. Recipient. 2. Receptacle. Recension, n I. Review, examination, enumera- tion. 2. Review, re-examination, revisal. Recent, a. I. New, novel. 2. Late, fresh, newly cume. 3. Latter, modern. Recently, ad. Lately, newly, freshly, not long ago. Receptacle, »• Depository, repository, receiver, reservoir. Reception, n. I. Receiving, receipt. 2. Welcome, entertainment. 3. Party, so trie. 4. Admission, credence, acceptance, allowance. 5. Admission, admittance. Recess, n. I. Retreat, nook, corner, niche, place of retirement. 2. Intermission, respite, remission of laijor, suspension of business, vacation 3. Withdrawing, withdrawal, retreat, retire- ment, recession. 4. Seclusion, privacy. 5. Departure. Recherche, 0. [Fr.] Choice, select, uncommon, rare, exquisite, elegant. Recipe, n. Receipt, prescription, formulary. Recipient, «. Receiver. Reciprocal, a. I. Mutual, commutual, correla- tive. 2. Interchangeable. 3. Alternate. Reciprocally, a. Mutually, interchangeably. Reciprocalness, n. Ahernateness, mutual return. Reciprocate, v. n. Alternate, act interchangeably. Reciprocate, v. a. Interchange, exchange, re- quite. Reciprocation, n. I. Interchange, exchange, reciprocity. 2. Alternation. Reciprocity, «. Interchange, reciprocation, re- ciprocalness, exchanfre, mutuality. Recital, n. I. Repetition, rehearsal, recitation. 2. Narration, relation, description, telling, account, statement, explanation, detail- 3. Narrative, story, history. Recitation, n. Recital, rehearsal, repetition. Recite, V. a. I. Repeat, rehearse, say by heart, repeat by note. 2. Narrate, relate, tell, describe, recount. 3. Enumerate, tell over, recapitulate, detail, number, count. Reckless, a. _ Careless, heedless, rash, thoughtless, negligent, indifferent, regardless, uncondferned, inattentive, remiss, mindless, inconsiderate, un- circumspect, headlong, indiscreet, incautious, giddy, imprudent, improvident, volatile, wild, flighty, unsteady, giddy-brained, hare-brained, foolhardy, over-venturesome. Recklessly, ad. Heedlessly, carelessly, in a reck- less manner. Reckon, v. a. I. Count, number, compute, calcu- late, enumerate, cast, cast up. 2. Estimate, esteem, account, regard, repute, value. Reckon, v. n. Compute, calculate, estimate, cast account. Reckoner, «. Counter, calculator, computer. Reckon for. Pay a penalty for. Reckoning, n. I. Counting, computation, calcu- lation. RECKON ON 844 RECREATIVE 2. Estimate. 3. Account, register, score, charge, bill. 4. Esteem, account, estimation. Reckon on. Depend upon, place dependence on, count upon, reckon upon. Reckon with. Settle an account with, call to account, exact penalty of. Reclaim, v. a. I. Reform, amend. 2. Regain, recover, restore, reinstate. 3. Correct, reduce to order, amend. 4. Tame, make gentle. Reclaimable, a. I. Recoverable, redeemable. 2. Reformable, amendable, corrigible, improv- able. Reclamation, «. I. Recovery. 2. Demand, claim. Recline, v. a. Lean. Recline, v. «. I. Lean. 2. Couch, lie, lie down, be recumbent. 3. Rest, repose. Reclining, a. I. Leaning, recumbent, lying. 2. Resting, reposing. Recluse, a. Secluded, sequestered, retired, soli- tary, shut up. Recluse, «. Hermit, anchoret, solitary, solitaire, anchorite, eremite, ascetic. Reclusion, «. Seclusion, retirement. Reclusonr, «, Hermitage. Recogniuon, «. I. Recollection, memory, re- membrance. 2. Acknowledgment, avowal, confession. Recognizance, «. I. Recognition, acknowledg- ment, avowal. 2. Badge, token. Recognize, v. a. I. Know again, remember as formerly known, notice as already known. 2. Acknowledge, admit, own, avow, confess, confess knowledge of. 3. Allow, concede, grant. 4. Greet, salute. Recoil, V. n. I. Rebound, reverberate, react, spring back, fly back, bound back. 2. Retire, retreat, withdraw. 3. Shrink, falter, fail, flinch, blench, quail, draw back. Recoil, n. Resilience, rebound, reaction. Recoil from. Abhor, loathe, abominate, detest, feel disgust at, shrink from. Recollect, v. a. Recall, remember, call up, call to mind, call to remembrance. Recollection, n, I. Remembrance, memory. 2. Reminiscence, memory. Recommend, v. a. I. Commend, praise, approve. 2. Make acceptable, attract favor to. 3. Commit, commend. 4. Advise, counsel. Recommendation, n. Commendation, praise, ap- proval, approbation, good opinion. Recompense, v. a. I. Reward, repay, requite, compensate, satisfy, remunerate. 2. Reimburse, indemnify, redress, make up for, make amends for. 3. Redeem, pay for. Recompense, « I. Reward, satisfaction, repay- ment, remuneration, compensation, indemnity, indemnification, amends, satisfaction. 2. Requital, retribution. Reconcilable, a. I. Appeasable, placable, for- giving. 2. Consistent. Reconcile, v. a. I. Conciliate, pacify, appease, propitiate, restore to friendship, reunite- 2. Content, bring to acquiescence, make con- tented. 3. Harmonize, make consistent, bring into harmony. 4. Settle, adjust, compose, heal, make up. Reconcilement, «. See Reconciliation. Reconciliation, n. I. Pacification, accommoda- tion, reconcilement, reunion, adjustment, restora- tion of harmony. 2. Agreement, congruity, consonance, har- mony, concordance, consistency, congruency, correspondence. 3. Appeasement, propitiation, atonement, ex- piation. Recondite, a. I. Hidden, occult, dark, obscure, abstruse, transcendental, mystic, mystical, secret, concealed. 2. Profound, deep, abstruse. Reconnoissance, « Preliminary survey, rough survey, examination. Reconnoitre, v a Inspect, view, survey, exam- ine, spy out. Reconquer, v. a. Recover, regain. Reconsider, v. a. Review, consider again. Reconsideration, «. Renewed consideration. Reconstruct, v. a. Rebuild, re-establish, con- struct again. Reconstruction, n. Rebuilding, re-establishment, restoration, renovation, redintegration, reconsli- tution. Record, v. a. Register, enroll, chronicle, enter, note, make an entry of, take down, make a memorandum of. Record, «. I. Register, account, note, chronicle, minute, memorandum, memorial, enrolment, reg- istry, memoir. 2. Vestige, trace, memorial. 3. Memory, remembrance. 4. Attestation, testimony, witness. 5. History, personal history. Recorder, «. Registrar, register, clerk. Recount, V. a. Rehearse, relate, recite, narrate, enumerate, detail, describe, particularize, tell, give an account of, repeat. Recourse, «. Resort, recurrence. Recover, v. a. I. Regain, reclaim, get back, win back. 2. Retrieve, repair, recruit, make up for. 3. Heal, cure, restore, revive. 4. Rescue, save. 5. {Law.) Obtain by course of law, get by judgment. Recover, v n. I. Rally, regain health, get well, be restored to health. 2. Be restored, be reinstated, regain the former state. 3. {Law.) Obtain judgment, succeed. Recovery, «. I. Regaining, recuperation, re- trieval, redemption. 2. Recruiting, restoration, convalescence. Recreancy, n. Dastardliness, cowardice, pusil- lanimity, mean-spiritedness. Recreant, a. I. Cowardly, dastardly, base, craven, pusillanimous, mean-spirited, faint-hearted, yield- ing. 2. Apostate, treacherous, false, unfaithful, faithless, untrue, backsliding. Recreant, n. I. Coward, dastard. 2. Apostate, renegade, backslider. Recreate, v. a. I. Refresh, entertain, divert, amuse, cheer, enliven. 2. Delight, gratify, please. 3. Relieve, revive, reanimate. Recreate, v. n. Unbend, take recreation, be diverted, be amused. Recreation, «• I. Amusement, diversion, enter- tainment, relaxation, sport, play, pastime, cheer. 2. Relief, refreshment. Recreative, a. I, Amusing, diverting, entertain- ing. 2« Refreshing, relieving. RECREMENT 345 REDUCE Recrementi «. Scoria, dross, spume, scum, refuse, Recrmiinate, v. n. Return an accusation, retort a charge. RecriminatiOIl, n. Counter-accusation, counter- charge, retort. Recriminatory, a. Recriminating, retorting, accusing. Recruit, v. a. I. Repair, replenish, supply, lack. 2. Refresh, revive, restore, renovate, renew, recover, reinvigorate, regain, retrieve. 3. (iWf/.) Reinforce, supply with new men. Recruit, v. n. I. Raise new soldiers, get supplies of men, enlist troops. 2. Revive, recover, regain health, be restored to health, get well. Rectangular, a. Right-angled. Rectify, v. a. I. Correct, redress, mend, amend, emend, better, improve, reform, adjust, regulate, straighten, set right, make right. 2. (CAfm.) Refine, purify. Rectilineal, I a. Right-lined, straight, straight- Rectilinear, ) lined. Rectitude, «. I. Right, uprightness, integrity, probitjr, honesty, justice, equity, virtue, good- ness, righteousness, principle, conscientiousness, straightforwardness. 2. Correctness. Rector, «. Pastor, clergyman. Rectorate, «. Office of rector. Rectorship, , Rectory, «. Parsonage, rector's mansion. Recumbent, a. I. Leaning, reclining, lying. 2. Reposing, inactive, listless, idle. Recuperate, v. a. Recover, regain, get back. Recuperation, «. Recovery. Recuperative, a. Restorative. Recur, v. n I. Return, come back, come again, be repeated. 2. Run in the mind, run in one's head, return to the thought. 3. Resort, revert, have recourse, go for help. Recurrence, I n. I. Return. Recurrency, ) 2. Resort, the having recourse. Recurrent, \ a. Returning {at intervals), re- Recurring, J newed, intermittent, periodical. Recurved, a. (Bot.) Curved outward, curved backward, recurvous, recurvate. Recusancy, «. Nonconformity, dissent, hetero- doxy. Recusant, «. Dissenter, nonconformist. Recusative, a. Refusing, denying, negative. Redbreast, «. Robin. Redbud, w. Judas-tree. Red-chalk, «. Reddle. Red-deal, «. Scotch pine timber. Redden, v. a. Make red. Redden, v. n. Blush, color, become red. Reddish-yeUow, a. See Carroty. Reddition, n. I. Restitution, restoration, rendi- tion, surrender. 2. Explanation, representation. Reddle, n. Red-chalk. Redeem, v. a, I. Repurchase, buy back, regain, retrieve. 2. Ransom, free, liberate, save, rescue. 3. Deliver, recover, rescue, save. 4. Compensate, recompense, make amends for, atone for. 5. Fulfil, keep, discharge, make good, per- form. 6. Improve, employ well. Redeemable, a. Recoverable, retrievable. Redeemer, «. I. Ransomer. 2. [With The prefixed.] Christ, Jesus, Im- maniiel, Emmanuel, the Saviour, the Messiah, the Mediator, the Intercessor, the Advocate, the Judge, the Anointed, the Word, the Son of Man, the Son of God, the Son of David, the Lamb of God, Shiloh, the Prince of Peace, the Bread of Life, the Sun of Righteousness, the Lord, the Light of the World, the Good Shepherd, the Way, the Truth, the Life. Redemption, «■ I. Repurchase, retrieval, re- covery. 2. Ransom, release, liberation, deliverance, rescue, salvation. 3. Performance, discharge, fulfilment. Red-eye, «. (/cA.) Rud {Leuciscus erythoph- thalmus). Red-gum, n. {Med.) Gum-rash, tooth-rash. Redintegrate, v. a. Restore, renew, reconstitute, re-establish, reconstruct, renovate. Redintegration, n. Restoration, renewal, re- establishment, reconstruction, renovation. Re-disburse, v. a. Refund, repay. Red-lead, ». Minium. Red-lead-ore, ». {Min.) Crocoisite. Red-letter, a. Fortunate, lucky, happy, aus- picious. Red-manganese, «. {Min.) Diallogite. Red-marl, «. Red sandstone. Redolence, I «. Fragrance, aroma, odor, perfume, Redolency, i sweet scent, grateful odor, savor Redolent, a. Fragrant, odoriferous, odorous, aro- matic, balmy, scented, sweet-smelling. Redouble, v. a. I. Reduplicate, multiply, double again, reiterate. 2. Augment, increase. Redouble, v. «• Be repeated, become twice as much. Redoubt, «. {Fort.) Outwork, temporary field- work. Redoubtable, a. I. Formidable, terrible {to foes), dreadful, awful. 2. Valiant. Redound, v. n. Result, contribute, conduce, tend. Redound, «. Result, return, requital, reflection. Red-precipitate, «. Red oxide of mercury. Red-puCCOon, «. Blood- root, bloodwort, red- root (Sanguinaria Canadensis). Redress, v. a. I. Remedy, repair, set right, amend, correct, rectify, adjust, order. 2. Relieve, ease, compensate, make amends to. Redress, «• Remedy, relief, amends, compensa- tion, reparation, atonement, indemnification. Redressal, «. Redress, amendment, correction, rectification, reparation. Red-root, «. I. New Jersey tea {Ceanothus A ntericanus). 2. Stoneweed, puccoon-root {Lithospermum arvense). 3. Blood-root, bloodwort, red-puccoon {San' f^uinaria Canadensis). Red saunders-WOOd. Red sandal-wood, ruby- wood. Red squirrel. Chickaree {Sciurus Hudsonius). Redtop, H. {Bot.) English grass, herds-grass {Agrostis vulgaris). Reduce, v. a. I. Bring, restore. 2. Render, form, mould, make, shape, model, remodel, convert into, resolve into, change into, bring intOj bring to. 3. Dimmish, contract, lessen, abate, decrease, attenuate, contract, abridge, curtail, shorten, cut short, cut down, make less. 4. Depress, debase, lower, degrade, impair, weaken, dwarf. 5. Subdue, subject, conquer, subjugate, over- power, overthrow, vanquish, master, bring into subjection. 6. Impoverish, ruin, bring to want, bring to poverty. 7« {Math.) Solve, resolve. REDUCTION 346 REFRAIN Reduction, n. I. Conversion, resolution, trans- mutation. 2. Diminution, contraction, decrease, abridg- ment, lessening, retrenchment, abatement, decre- ment, curtailment, lowering. 3. Depression, detrusion, abasement, lower- ing. 4. Subjugation, conquest, subjection, mastery, subdual. 5. {Math.) Resolution, solution. Redundance, ) «. I. Excess, superabundance, Redundancy, i superfluity, exuberance. 2. Diffuseness. Redundant, a. I. Excessive, superabundant, exuberant, superfluous, overflowing, plentiful, copious. 2. Diffuse. Redundantly, ad. Superfluously, superabun- dantly, excessively. Redupucate, v. a. Redouble, repeat, multiply, double again. Reduplication, «. Doubling, duplication, re- doubling, repetition. Redwing, «. Wind-thrush, swine-pipe, red-sided thrush ( Turdus iliacus). Re-echo, v. a. Reverberate, echo back. Re-echo, v. n. Resound, echo back. Re-echo, «. Reverberation, echo of an echo. Reed, «. I. Pastoral pipe, rustic pipe, musical instrument. 2. Arrow. Reed-bird, ». Rice-bird, bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivora). Reed-hunting, «. Chuck, reed-sparrow, water- sparrow, ring-bunting, king-bird {Emberiza scha- niclus). Reed-grass, «. Bur-reed. Reed-mace, «. Cat-tail, mace-reed {Typha lati- folia). Reed-organ, «. Harmoneon, melodeon, seraphine. Reed-Sparrow, «. See Reed-bunting. Reef, V. a. Take in (sail). Reek, «. I. Smoke, steam, exhalation, vapor, effluvium, fume, mist. 2. Rick, stack. Reek, v. n. Smoke, steam, exhale, emit vapor. Reeking, a. Smoking, steaming. Reeky, a. I. Smoky, foul, sooty, sweaty. 2. Tanned, black, dark. Reel, V. n. I. Totter, stagger, falter, vacillate, waver. 2. Whirl, spin. Re-enforce, v. a. Strengthen, give additional support to, enforce anew. Reyenforcement, «. Additional force, fresh as- sistance, new help. Re-enkindle, v. a. Rekindle. Re-entering, a. Re-entrant, turning inward, pointing inward. Reermouse, «. Bat, rearmouse. Re-estahlish, v. a. Restore, reinstate, replace, renew, renovate, establish again. Re-estahlishment, «. Restoration, renewed con- firmation. Refection, «. Luncheon, refreshment, simple repast. Refective, a. Refreshing, restorative. Refectory, «. Refreshment-room, eating-room. Refer, v. a. I. Direct, consign, commit, leave, deliver over, give in charge. 2. Attribute, ascribe, impute, assign. Refer, v. n. I. Relate, point, belong, pertain, appertain, have reference, respect. 2. Appeal, have recourse, apply, consult. _ 3. Allude, advert, direct attention, make allu- sion, make reference, hint at. Referable, a. Ascribable. See Referriblb. Referee, «. Arbitrator, arbiter, judge, umpire. Reference, n. I. Respect, regard, relation, con- cern. 2. Allusion, intimation, hint. Referrible, a. Ascribable, attributable, assignable, imputable, referable, to be referred. Refine, v. a. I. Purify, clarify, fine, defecate. 2. Cultivate, polish, make elegant. Refine, v. n. I. Become pure, be clarified. 2. Improve, make improvement. 3. Be over-nice, affect nicety, split hairs, make useless distinctions. Refined, a. I. Purified, clarified. 2. Accomplished, cultivated, polished, elegant, fenteel, stylish, courtly, polite, civilized, well- red, fine, finished. 3. Classic, classical, pure, chaste, Attic, deli- cate, nice, exquisite. Refinement, «. I. Clarification, purification, fil- tration, defecation, sublimation. 2. Improvement. _ 3. Elegance, polish, purity, delicacy, cultiva- tion, civility, civilization, culture, politeness, gentility, good-breeding. 4. Subtiity, nicety, fineness, delicacy. 5. Subtiity, finesse, sophistry, artifice, nicety. Refit, V. a. Repair, fit anew, restore. Reflect, V. a. Mirror, throw back. Reflect, V. n. I. Think, cogitate, muse, medi- tate, deliberate, ponder, consider, contemplate, ruminate. 2. Bring reproach, cast reproach. Reflecting, a. I. That reflects. 2. Thoughtful, considerate, reflective, given to reflection, meditative, provident. Reflection, «. I. Reflecting. 2. Reflected image. 3. Thought, meditation, cogitation, delibera- tion, contempjlation, rumination, consideration, musing, thinking. 4. Thought, opinion, result of reflection. 5. Censure, reproach. Reflective, a. I. Reflecting, reflexive. 2. Thoughtful, musing, deliberating, ponder- ing, cogitating, reasoning. Reflector, n. Mirror, speculum. Reflex, a. I. Retroactive, introspective, reflec- tive. 2. (Bot.) Reflected, bent back, reflexed. Reflexive, a. Reflective. Refluence, «. Reflux, ebb, regurgitation, return, flowing back. Refluent, a. Ebbing, flowing back. Reflux, «. Ebb. See Refluence. Reform, v. a. I. Correct, amend, mend, emend, ameliorate, meliorate, better, improve, rectify, repair, restore, reclaim. 2. Remodel, form anew. Reform, v. n. Amend, become better. Reform, «. Reformation, amendment, rectifica- tion, correction. Reformation, «. Reform, amendment, correction, rectification, act of reforming. Refract, v. a. Deflect Ways), deviate, turn from a straight course. Refracting, a. Deflecting, refractive. Refraction, «. Deflection {ofrays)^ deviation. Refractive, a. Refracting. Refractory, a. Stubborn, obstinate, stiff, per- verse, dogged, mulish, heady, headstrong, cross- grained, intractable, unyielding, contumacious, disobedient, unruly, ungovernable, cantankerous, unmanageable, recalcitrant. Refrain, v. a. Restrain, withhold, keep back, curb, govern. REFRAIN 34T REGRESSIVELY Refrain* v. n. Abstain, forbear, withhold, hold one's self back. RefralUt «• Burden {of a song). Refrangibility, «• Refrangibleness. RefrangiUeneSS, «. Refrangibility. Refresb, v. a. I. Invigorate, reanimate, revive, relieve, recruit, recreate, enliven, freshen, cheer, reinvigorate, give fresh vigor to. 2. Repair, restore, renew, retouch, renovate, freshen up. ... RefresMne, a. Reviving, invigorating, cooling, reanimating, grateful, pleasant, comfortable. Refreshment, » I. Relief, invigoratiou, new life, restoration. 2. Food, nourishment. 3. Regalement, entertainment, repast. Refrigerant, «. Refrigerative, cooling medicine. Refrigerate, v a. Cool, chill, make cool, reduce the heat of, refresh. Refrigeration, «. Cooling. Refrigerative, a. Cooling, refngeratory, refrig- erant. Refrigerative, « Refrigerant, cooling medicine. Refrigeratory, a. Cooling, refrigerative. Refuge, «. I. Shelter, safety, security, protection. 2. Asylum, retreat, sanctuary, stronghold, cov- ert, hiding-place, harbor, place of safety, place of refuge , ., 3. Resort, expedient, device, contrivance, shift. Refulgence, j «. Brightness, brilliancy, splendor, Refulgency, \ resplendence, lustre, radiance, effulgence. Refulgent, a. Bright, shining, brilliant, splendid, resplendent, lustrous, radiant, effulgent. Refund, V. a. I. Repay, reimburse, pay back, restore. 2. Return, repay, restore, give back. Refusal, ». I. Denial, negation. 2. Option, pre-emption, choice of accepting or declining. Refuse, v. a. I, Deny, decline. 2. Reject, repudiate, exclude, repel, rebuff, decline. Refuse, «. Dross, scum, dregs, sediment, lees, draff, recrement, rubbish, trash, offscum, off- scouring, scoria, slag, offal, garbage, waste matter. Refuse, a. Worthless, waste, refused, rejected. Refutation, «. Confutation, disproof, refutal. Refute, V. a. I. Confute, disprove, repel. 2. Overthrow. Regain, v. a Recover, get back, gain anew, re- trieve, reobtain, repossess. Regal, a. Kingly, royal. Regale, v. a. Entertain, refresh, gratify, delight. Regale, v. «. Feast, fare sumptuously. Regale, «• Banquet or feast, sumptuous repast. Regalement^ n. Refreshment, entertainment, grat- ification. Regalia, «. />/. Ensigns of royalty, regal para- phernalia. Regality, «. Royalty, sovereignty, kingship. Regally, ad. Royally. Regard, v. a. I. Observe, notice, mark, remark, watch, behold, set eyes on, look at, look upon, turn one's eyes. 2. Heed, mind, attend to, respect, pay atten- tion to, give heed to, care for. 3. Esteem, value, respect, reverence, honor. 4. Consider, reckon, account, deem, think, believe, hold, suppose, imagine, treat, look upon, use, estimate. 5. Have reference to, relate to, respect. Regard, v. «. Consider, reflect, care, bear in mind. Regard, «. I. Look, view, gaze. 2. Notice, consideration, attention, heed, ob- servation, observance, care, concern. 3. Relation, reference, respect, account, view. 4. Esteem, affection, liking, respect, consider- ation, estimation, attachment, reverence, sym- pathy, interest, concern, love, deference, honor. 5. Repute, esteem, note, account, eminence, reputation. 6. Matter, point, particular, consideration, con- dition. Regardable, a. Observable, remarkable, worthy of regard. Regardful, a. Heedful, mindful, careful, watch- ful, attentive, observing, thoughtful, considerate. Regardfully, ad. I. Attentively, heedfuliy. 2. Respectfully. Regarding, a. Touching, concerning, respecting, havinonse, n. Answer, reply, replication, rejoinder. Responsibility, «. I. Accountableness, account- ability, responsibleness, liability, obligation, boun- den duty. 2. Trust, duty- Responsible, a. Answerable, liable, accountable, amenable. Responsibleness, «• See Responsibility. Responsive, a. I. Answering. 2. Suited, correspondent. Responsory, «. {Mus.) Antiphonary. Rest, «. I. Repose, quiet, quiescence, ease. 2. Peace, tranquillity, peacefulness, security, stillness, quietness, quiet. 3. Pause, caesura, intermission, stop, stay, ces- sation, interval 4. Sleep, slumber. 5. Death, the grave. 6. Support, stay, brace. 7. Remainder, residue, remnant, residuum, balance. 8. Others. REST 855 RETIRING 9. Overplus, surplus. Rest, V. n. I. Stop, pause, halt, bold, repose, desist, cease, come to a stand, sund still, come to a stand-still, keep quiet. 2. Repose, relax, unbend, take rest, be tran- quil, take one's ease, be at ease, be quiet. 3. Sleep, slumber, repose. 4. Lie, recline, lean. 5. Die, sleep finally, be dead. 6. Acquiesce, confide, trust, be satisfied. 7. Stand on, be supported, be based on. 8. Lean, trust, rely, confide. 9. Stand. Sesty V. a. I. Quiet, lay at rest, give rest to. 2. Lay, place. Restaurant, «. [Fr.] Eating-house, chop-house, cafi. Restiff, a. See Restive. Restittttioil, n. I. Restoration, return. 2. Indemnification, reparation, recompense, amends, compensation, requital, remuneration, satisfaction, repayment. Restive, a. I. Stubborn, mulish, restiff, obsti- nate, stopping, unwilling. 2. Uneasy, impatient, restless, ill at ease, unquiet, recalcitrant. Restless, a. I. Unquiet, uneasy, unresting, dis- quieted, disturbed, restive. 2. Unsteady, inconstant, changeable, unstable, unsettled, vacillating, irresolute. 3. Roving, wandering, in motion, on the move, unsettled. 4. Sleepless. 5. Turbulent, agitated. Restoration, n. I. Replacement, reinstatement, re-establishment, return. 2. Renewal^ revival, re-establishment. 3. Renovation, redintegration, renewal, recon- struction. 4. Recovery, renewal. 5. Universal salvation, universalism. 6. Restitution, reparation. Restorative, a. Restoring, curative, remedial, invigorating. Restorative, «. Cure, remedy, medicine, repara- tive, corrective. Restore, v. a. I. Return, give back, bring back, render up. 2. Replace, re-establish, redintegrate, rein- state, renew. 3. Cure, heal, revive, recover. 4. Revive, resuscitate. 5. Renew, repair. 6. Refund, repay. 7. Compensate, make amends for. 8. Recover, renew, emend. Restrain, v. a. I. Check, curb, bridle, repress, suppress, withhold, constrain, coerce, keep, hold. 2. Hold back, hold in, keep under, check. 3. Hinder, prevent, debar, bar, stop, prohibit, interdict. 4. Restrict, confine, abridge, hinder, circum- scribe, narrow. 5. Withhold, forbear. Restraint, «. I. Check, curb,_ repression, bridle, suppression, constraint, coercion, compulsion. Jl. Hindrance, prevention, limitation, restric- tion, prohibition. 3. Imprisonment, confinement, detention. Restrict, v. a. Limit, bound, restrain, confine, circumscribe, hedge in. Restriction, «. I.' Limitation, confinement. 2. Restraint, constraint. 3. Reservation, reserve. Resnlt, V. n. I. Proceed, come, follow, flow, issue, arise, spring, rise, originate, ensue, accrue, be the e£Eect, be derived. 2. End, terminate, eventuate. Result, «. I. Consequence {from a certain combination of causes or front premises'), infer- ence, conclusion, deduction, outcome. 2. Issue, event, effect, termination, end, fruit, product, consequence, outcome. 3. Decision, resolve, determination, resolution, conclusion. ome, V. a. I. Take back, take again. 2. Recommence, renew, begin again, take up again^ Resume, n. [Fr.] Summary, abstract, recapitu- lation, summing up, epitome, synopsis, con- densed statement. Resurrection^ «. Rising, revival, revivification, resuscitation. Resuscitate, v. a. Revivify, reanimate, renew, revive, quicken, restore to life, recall to life, bring back to life. Resusidtation, n. Revivification, reanimation, quickening, revival. Retail, v. a. I. Sell in small quantities. 2. Deal out in small portions. Retain, v. a. I. Hold, keep, reserve, withhold, preserve, detain, keep in possession. 2. Engage {by fee /aid), hire, employ, keep in pay. Retainer, n. I. Attendant, adherent, dependant, follower, hanger-on, servant. 2. Retaining fee, preliminary fee. Retainment, «. Retention. Retaliate, v. a. Return (by giving like for like, as an injury), repay, requite, revenge, avenge. Retaliate, v. «. Take revenge, return like for like, give quid pro quo, give a Roland for an Oliver. Retaliation, «. Requital (of evil), reprisal, retri- bution, repayment, revenue, punishment. Retaliatory, a. Retaliative, revenging, vindic* tive. Retard, v. a. I. Check, obstruct, clog, impede, hinder. 2. Delay, defer, postpone, adjourn, procrasti- nate, put off. Retch, V. n. Heave, strain, keck, gag, try to vomit. Retention, «. I. Reservation, holding, keeping, retaining, detention. 2. Reserve, restraint. 3. Memory, remembrance. Retentive, a. Tenacious. Reticence, n. Reserve, taciturnity, uncommuni- cativeness. Reticent, a. Reserved, taciturn, silent {fiy habif), uncommunicative. ReScSlJted. I ''• ^^^'^y* retiform. Reticulation, «. Net-work. Reticule, «. Hand-bag. Retiform, a. See Reticular. Retinoid, a. Resin-like, resiniform. Retinue, «. Train, suite, followers, body of at- tendants, cortege. Retire, v. a. Withdraw from circulation {as cur- rency). Retire, v. n. I. Withdraw, depart, retreat, re- move, leave. 2. Recede, retrocede, fall back, beat a re- treat. Retired, a. I. Withdrawn, removed, abstracted. 2. Secret, private. 3. Secluded, apart, sequestered, solitary. Retirement, «. I. Withdrawal, departure. 2. Privacy, seclusion, retreat. 3, Solitude, loneliness. Retiring, a. I. Withdrawing, retreadng. RETORT 856 REVILE 2. Reserved, shy, demure, diffident, modest, coy. Retort, n. Repartee, smart or witty reply. RetOttCh, V. a. I. Repair, touch up, improve. 2. Revise, improve. Retractt v. a. I. Withdraw, draw back, draw in. 2. Recall, revoke, recant, abjure, disavow, cancel, take back, withdraw, unsay, disown. 3. Rescind, resume, take back. Retractj v. n. Take back, unsay. Retraction, «. Recantation, abjuration, revoca- tion, disavowal. Retreat, n. I. Departure, withdrawal, retire- ment. 2. Retirement, seclusion, privacy, solitude. 3. Asylum, refuge, shelter. Retreat, v. n. I. Withdraw, retire, give way. 2. Recede, fall back, move back, retire. Retrendl, v. a. I. Curtail, cut, lop, dock, prune, pare, clip, cut short, cut off, lop off. 2. Diminish, lessen, decrease, abridge, cur- tail. 3. Confine, limit. 4. Deprive of, mutilate. Retrench, v. n. I. Economize. 2. Encroach, make inroad. Retrenchment, «. Curtailment, reduction, dimi- nution, abridgment, lessening. Retribution, «. I. Repayment, requital, recom- pense, reward, compensation, return, retaliation. 2. Distribution of rewards and punishments. Retrieve, v. a. I. Regain, recover, restore, re- cruit, repair, re-establish, get again. 2. Repair, make amends for. 3. Recall, bring back. Retriment, «. Refuse, dregs. Retroaction, «. Recoil, reaction, rebound. Retroactive, a. I. Reflex. 2. Retrospective, that affects the past. Retrocede, v. n. Retire, recede, retrograde, go back, give place. Retroce^on, » Retrogression, retrogradation, going back. Retrogradation, «. Retrogression. Retrograde, a. Backward. Retrograde, v. n. Retrocede, recede, retire, go or move backward, retrace one's steps. Retrogression, «. Retrogradation, decline. Retrospect, «. Review, survey, re-examination, re-survey. Retrospection, «. Looking back. Retrospective, a. I. Looking back. 2. Retroactive, that affects the past. Return, v. n. I. Go or come back, get back, turn back. 2. Recur, revert. 3. Answer, reply, respond- 4. Retort, recriminate. 5. Revisit, come again. Return, v. a. I. Restore, give back, send back. 2. Repay, refund. 3. Requite, recompense, repay. 4. Report, communicate, tell. 5. Render, report, remit. 6. Send, transmit, remit, convey. Return, «. I. Repayment, reimbursement, re- mittance, payment. 2. Recompense, reward, requital, repayment, restitution. 3. Advantage, benefit, profit, interest. 4. Official account. Reunion, «. Assembly, meeting, festive gath- ering. Revamp, v. a. Reh^ibilitate, reconstruct, vamp, mend, patch up ae:ain. Reveal, v. a. I. Disclose, discover, unveil, un- cover, publish, divulge, tell, declare, impart, communicate, display, make known, lay open, show, betray. 2. Disclose, discover, make known. Revel, «. Festivity, merry-making, feast, carousal. Revel, V. H. I. Carouse, tipple, make merry. 2. Indulge, luxuriate, wanton. Revelation, «. I. Discovery, disclosure. 2. Divine communication of truth. 3. The Apocalypse. Reveller, «. Carouser, bacchanal, bacchanalian. Revelry, «. Carousal, carouse, revel, riot, jollity, festivity, orgy, bacchanal, saturnalia, wassail, debauch, jollification, drinking-bout, noisy fes- tivity. Revenge, v. a. I. Retaliate, requite, take ven- geance for. 2. Avenge, vindicate by punishment. Revenge, «. Retaliation, requital {of an injury). Revengeful, a. Vindictive, malicious, malignant, spiteful, resentful, implacable, vengeful, rancor- ous, malevolent. Revengefulness, «. Vindictiveness, rancor, malev- olence, spitefulness, maliciousness, malignancy. Revenue, n. I. Income, receipts. 2. Return, reward. Reverberate, v. a. I. Echo, re-echo, send back, return. 2. Reflect, send back, cast back. Reverberate, v. n. Resound, echo, re-echo. Reverberation, «. Echoing, re-echoing, echo, reflected sound. Reverberatory, «• Reverberating. Revere, v. a. Venerate, reverence, adore, honor. Reverence, «. I. Veneration, honor, adoration, awe. 2. Homage, courtesy. Reverence, v. a. See Revere. Reverend, a. Venerable. Reverent, a. See Reverential. Reverential, a. Respectful, deferential, reverent, submissive, humble. Reverie, «. See Reverv. Reversal, «. Rejjeal, revocation, annulment, change, overthrowing. Reverse, v. a. I. Invert, turn upside down, turn end for end, turn topsy-turvy. 2. Overturn, overthrow, overset, subvert. 3. Change to the opposite. 4. Annul, repeal, revoke, rescind, counter- mand, overthrow, make void. Reverse, a. Opposite, converse, turned back- ward. Reverse, «. I. Contrary, opposite, counterpart. 2< Change, vicissitude. 3. Misfortune, mischance, mishap, misadven- ture, trial, hardship, affliction, reverse of fortune. 4. Check, defeat. Reversion, «. I. Succession, inheritance. 2. Atavism. Revert, v. a. I. Reverse, turn back. 2. Repel, drive back, turn back. Revert, v. «. Return, recur, come back, turn back. Reveiy, «. Musing, a waking dream, abstraction, inattention, preoccupation, absence of mind, brown study, reverie Review, v. a. I. Revise, reconsider, re-examine, pass in review. 2. Criticise, notice critically, write a critical notice of. 3. Survey, inspect, overlook. 4. Retrace, go over again. Review, n. I. Retrospect, re-survey, re-exam- ination, survey, reconsideration. 2. Criticism, critique, reviewal, critical notice. 3. Military or naval inspection. Revile, v. a. Vilify, defame, reproach, slander, REVINDICATE 357 RIDDLE / calumniate, asperse, traduce, upbraid, malign, abuse, backbite, speak ill of. Revindicate, v. a. Reassert, support again, maintain once more, vindicate again, reclaim. Revisal, n. Revision. Revise, v a. I. Review, re-examine, reconsider. 2. Alter, amend, review. Revise, n. Revision, re-examination, correction. Revision, n. Review, revisal, revise, re-exami- nation. Revival, «. I. Resuscitation, revivification, re- animation, quickening. 2. Reproduction, restoration. Revive, v. a. I. Resuscitate, reanimate, revivify, revitalize, reinvigorate, reinspirit, bring to life again. 2. Rouse, quicken, animate, refresh, renovate, reinspire, invigorate, cheer, recomfort, renew, recover. 3. Reawake, recall, bring to mind. 4. Recover, bring back, bring into use. Revive, v. «. I. Be resuscitated or reanimated, return to life, recover life, live again. 2. Be invigorated, refreshed, or roused, re- cover strength. Revivification, n. Resuscitation, reanimation, revival, quickening. Revivify, v. a. Reanimate, resuscitate, revive, bring to life again. Revocation, «. Retraction, recall, recantation, reversal, repeal, abjuration. Revoke, v. a. Recall {whai has been said), re- cant, retract, repeal, reverse, annul, cancel, re- scind, countermand, abrogate, abolish, make void. Revolt, v.n. I. Desert, fall oflF. 2. Rebel, mutiny, rise, renounce allegiance. Revolt, V. a. Repel, shock, do violence to, dis- gust, nauseate, sicken- Revolt, n I. Desertion, inconstancy, faithless- ness, change of sides, defection. 2. Rebellion, insurrection, mutiny, sedition, uprising. Revolter, «. Deserter, rebel, traitor, insurgent. Revolting, a. Shocking, disgusting, sickening, nauseating, nauseous, repulsive, offensive, ob- noxious, hateful, horrible, abominable, mon- strous, abhorrent. Revolution, n. I. Rotation, whirling, circular motion. 2. Change (/« the political constitution of a country), organic change, successful revolt or rebellion. / Revolutionize, v. a. Remodel, reform, new model, change completely. Revolve, V. n. I. Rotate, wheel, turn, roll round an axis, turn round. 2. Circle, move round a centre. 3. Pass away in cycles. 4. Fall back, return, devolve. Revolve, v. a. I. Cause to turn round, circulate. 2. Consider, meditate, ponder, study, reflect upon, ruminate upon, brood over. Revolving, a. Turning, rolling, moving round. Revulsion, «. I. Withdrawal, drawing back, violent separation, abstraction. 2. Reaction, change, transition. Reward, v. a. Recompense, compensate, re- quite, remunerate, pay, punish. Reward, M. I. Recompense, compensation, guer- don, requital, remuneration, pay. 2. Premium, bonus, bounty. 3. Retribution, punishment, requital. Rhapsodical, a. Unconnected, broken, confused, rambling, like a rhapsody. Rhapsodize, v. n. Utter rhapsodies. Rhapsody, «. Rambling composition, medley of thoughts, sentences, or passages. Rliea, M. {Ornith.) South American ostrich {Rhea A ntericana). Rhein-beriTf «• Buck-thorn (Rhamnus). Rhetoric, n. I. Art of composition, art of dis- course. 2. Oratory, elocution, eloquence, science of oratory. 3. Declamation, artificial eloquence. 4. Persuasion, attraction, allurement, charm. Rhetorical, a. I. Oratorical. 2. Declamatory, highly wrought. Rhetorician, n. I. Adept in rhetoric, proficient in rhetoric. 2. Public speaker, declaimer. Rheum, ». Rhubarb. Rhizoma, ». {Bot.) Root-stock, root-like stem. Rhododendron, «. {Bot.) Rose-bay {Ericacea). Rhodonite, n. Manganese spar, silicate of man- ganese. Rhomb, n. Rhombus, lozenge, oblique-angled parallelogram {with equal sides). Rhomhus, «. See Rhomb. Rh3rmer, n. See Rhymester. Rhymester, «. Versifier, poetaster, rhymer, poor poet, rhyraist. Rhythm, «. I. Periodical emphasis, regular or melodious movement, harmonious flow. 2. Rhyme, metre, verse, number. Rhythmical, a. Measured, regular, or melodious in movement. Riant, a. [Fr.] Laughing, gay, smiling. Rihald, a. Base, low, mean, obscene, vile, filthy, gross, coarse, loose, indecent. Ribaldry, «. Obscenity, indecency; low, vile, or vulgar language. Rice-bird, «. {Omith.) Reed-bird, rice-bunting, rice-troopial, bobolink, bob-lincoln. Rich, a. I. Wealthy, opulent, affluent, moneyed. 2. Splendid, precious, costly, sumptuous, valu- able, estimable, highly valued. 3. Savory, delicious, luscious. 4. Plentiful, plenteous, abundant, copious, abounding, ample, full, well-supplied 5. Fruitful, fertile, luxuriant, productive, pro- lific. 6. Vivid, bright, gay. 7. Sweet, mellow, soft, harmonious. 8. Funny, laughable, humorous, comical. Riches, n. pi. Wealth, opulence, affluence, for- tune, plenty, abundance, richness, weahhiness, ample means, ample store. Richly, ad. I. Gayly, splendidly, magnificently. 2. Plenteously, abundantly, amply, fully. 3. Truly, really, abundantly, fully, highly, strongly. RichnesSt n. I. Abundance, plenty, fulness, copiousness, luxuriance, exuberance, profusion. 2. Fertility, fruitfulness, productiveness. 3. Excellence, value, costliness. 4. Brightness, vividness, brilliancy. 5. Sweetness, melodiousness, harmoniousness. Rick, n. Stack, pile, heap {of corn or hay). Rickets, n. pi. (Med.) Rachitis, inflammation of the spine. Rickety, a. I. Affected with the rickets. 2. Shattered, broken, weak, imperfect 3. Shaky, tottering, approaching ruin. Rlckle, H. Little rick, stook. Rid, V. a. I. Free, deliver, set free, release. 2. Free, clear, disencumber. 3. Finish, despatch, dispose of. 4. Destroy, make away with, remove by violence. Rid. a. Free, clear. Riddance, n. Freedom, escape, relief, deliver- ance. Riddle» V, a. Solve, explain, unriddle. RIDDLE 358 RINGLET "Riddle* n. Enigma, puzzle, dark problem, puz- zling queslion. Rider* n. I. Equestrian, horseman. 2. Jockey, postilion. 3. Additional clause {to a legislative act). Ridge, «. Extended elevation, long crest or sum- mit. Ridgedt a. Porcate, furrowed. Ridicule, «. Derision, mockery, raillery, satire, sarcasm, gibe, jeer, sneer, banter, wit, burlesque, irony. Ridicule, v. a. Deride, mock, scout, satirize, lampoon, jeer, taunt, rally, banter, burlesque, laugh at, scoff at, make game of, make fun of, make a butt of. Ridiculous, a. Ludicrous, laughable, droll, funny, preposterous, farcical, comical, absurd, risible. Rue, a. I. Prevailing, prevalent, abundant, com- mon. 2. Replete, abounding in, well supplied. Rifely, ad. Prevalently, frequently. Riff-raff, «. I. Refuse, sweepings. 2. Rabble, populace, the masses, dregs of the people, swinish multitude, scum of society, lowest class of people, ignoble vulgar, lower classes, rough-scuff, canaille. Rifle, V. a. I. Seize, snatch away, carry off. 2. Rob, pillage, plunder, strip, despoil, fleece. Rifler, «. Robber, pillager, plunderer, despoiler. Rift, n. Cleft, fissure, crack, rent, breach, frac- ture, break, gap, opening, chink, crevice, cranny, reft. Rift, V. a. Burst open, cleave, rive, split. Rift, V. n. Split, burst open. Rig, z/ a. I. Dress {particularly in a fanciful tftanner), clothe, accoutre, put on. 2. Furnish with gear, fit with tackling. Rig, ». I. Dress {odd or fanciful ). 2. Sportive trick, frolic. Rigging, n. Tackle, gear, ropes of a ship. Right, a. I. Straight, direct, rectilinear, not crooked. 2. Upright, erect, not oblique, perpendicular. 3. Just, lawful, equitable, fair, rightful, honest, in accordance with duty, unswerving, upright. 4. Fit, suitable, seemly, proper, becoming, ap- propriate, as it should be, comme ilfaut. 5. Real, true, actual, unquestionable. 6. Correct, true, not erroneous, not mistaken. 7. Right-hand. 8. Outward. 9. Fortunate, most favorable. 10. Orderly, well-regulated, well-performed, correct. Right, ad. I. Directly, in a direct line. 2. Uprightly, equitably, fairly, lawfully, right- fully, rightly, justly. 3. Fitly, suitably, properly. 4. Correctly, truly. 5. Very, extremely, in a great degree. 6. Actually, truly, really, exactly, just. Right, n. I, Rectitude, uprightness, integrity, justice, equity, fairness, goodness, lawfulness, propriety, what ought to be, what should be. 2. Truth, correctness. 3. Prerogative, privilege. 4. Just claim, legal title, ownership. 5. Title, claim. 6. Property, interest. 7. Authority, legal power. Right, V. a. I. Set upright. _ 2. Do justice to, relieve from wrong, see one righted, see justice done to one. Righteous, a. I. Pious, holy, virtuous, godly, saintly, religious, honest, good, incorrupt, up- right, just, devout. 2. Equitable, fair, right, rightful. Righteously, ad. Equitably, justly, honestly, up- rightly. Righteousness, «. I. Piety, godliness, holiness, sanctity, purity, virtue, goodness, integrity, honesty, justice, uprightness, equity, rightfulness, faithfulness. 2. Rectitude of conduct, practice of right, doing right, acting from principle, uprightness, equity, rightfulness, faithfulness. Rightful, a. I. Legitimate, true, lawful. 2. Just, equitable, fair, lawful, suiuble, proper, right, reasonable, true, honest. Right-hand, a. Right. Right line. Straight line, most direct line. Right-lined, a. Rectilineal, rectilinear. Rightly, ad. I. Uprightly, equitably, fairly, lawfully, rightfully, honestly. 2. Fitly, suitably, properly, appropriately. 3, Correctly, truly, exactly. Right-minded, a. Well-disposed. Right-whale, «. Greenland whale {Balana m^sticetus). Rigid, a. I, Stifi", stiffened, inflexible, unpliant, unbending, unyielding. 2. Stiff, bristling, erect, precipitous, steep. 3. Sharp, severe, strict, stern, rigorous, harsh, austere, inflexible, exact, unmitigated. 4. Sharp, cruel. Rigidity, «. I. Stiffness, inflexibility, rigidness, want of pliability. 2. Severity, rigor, harshness, strictness, aus- terity, rigidness. 3. Ungracefulness, want of ease, stiffness. Rigidness, n. See Rigidity. Rigmarole, «. Nonsense, jargon, gibberish, verbiage, trash, balderdash, twaddle, palaver, flummery, foolish talk. Rigor, «. I. Stiffness, rigidity, rigidness, inflexi- bility, hardness. 2. Severity, austerity, harshness, sternness, asperity. 3. Strictness, exactness. 4. Inclemency, severity. 5. {Med.) Sudden coldness with shivering. Rigorous, a. I. Severe, austere, harsh, stern, rigid, hard, strict, stringent, inflexible, unyield- ing, stiff. 2. Exact, accurate, precise, scrupulously nice, strict. 3. Inclement, severe.^ Rile, V. a. I. Stir up, roil, render turbid. 2. Vex, anger, irritate {colloq). Rilievo, n. Projection, prominence, relief. Rill, ». Streamlet, rivulet, runnel, small brook. Rim, n. Border, edge, margin, brim, brink, verge, border, skirt, confine. Rime, n. I. Hoar-frost, congealed dew. 2. Rhyme. Rimple, n. I. Wrinkle, fold, rumple, crease, gather, corrugation, pucker, plait. 2. Ripplcj undulation, little wave. Rind, n. Skin, peel, bark, husk, hull, shell, glume, outer covering. Ruig, n. I. Circle, hoop. 2. Race-course, racing-ground, arena. 3. Circular group of persons. 4. {Colloq.) Resonance, reverberation. 5. Clique, junto, cabal, coterie, set, combina- tion, league, confederacy. Ring, V. n. I. Sound, resound. 2. Tingle, keep sounding. Ring-dove, «. Cushat, wood- pigeon {Colutnba palumbus). Ring-leader, «. Leader, chief rioter. Ringlet, «. I. Small ring. 2. Curl, tress, lock. 3. Circle, fairy ring. RINGWORM 859 ROCK Ringrworm, «. Circular herpes or tetter. Rinse, V. a. Wash {lightly), lave. Riot, n. I. Tumult, uproar, disturbance, commo- tion, broil, brawl, outbreak, fray, affray, alterca- tion, squabble, quarrel, strife, tnilie. 2. Luxurjr, excess, revelry, wild festivity, ex- cessive feasting. Riot, V. n, I. Revel, carouse, luxuriate. 2. Be excited, be tumultuous. 3. Raise an uproar, riot, or sedition. RlotOtlS, a. I. Revelling, luxurious, wanton, unrestrained. 2. Tumultuous, seditious, turbulent, insub- ordinate, mutinous, rebellious, disorderly, un- governable, unruly, refractory. Rip, V. a. I. Tear open, tear apart, split. 2. Tear out, discover, disclose. Rip, «. I. Tear, rent, laceration. 2. Scamp, cheat, libertine, debauchee, worth- less person. Ripe, a. I. Mature, mellow, perfected by growth. 2. Fit, prepared, ready, in readiness. 3. Consummate, finished, perfect, perfected, complete, accomplished. Ripen, v. «. I. Grow ripe, be matured. 2. Be fitted, be prepared. Ri]^, V. a. I. Mature, bring to maturity, make npe, bring to perfection. 2. Mature, fit, prepare. Ripeness, n. I. Maturity, matureness, full growth, completeness, perfection. 2. Fitness, preparation, readiness, qualifica- tion. Ripple, V. ft. PurL Ripple, V. a. Fret, dimple, curl. Ripple, n. Rimple, undulation, little wave, fret- ting, rufBing (pf water). Rise, V. n. I. Ascend, mount, arise, go or move upward. 2. Appear, come forth, come into view. 3. Get up, arise. 4. Revive, come to life, be raised from death. 5. Grow, spring up. 6. Tower up, be heaved up. 7« Be advanced, be promoted, gain a position, succeed, excel. 8. Increase, swell, enlarge, become greater. 9. Adjourn, close the session. 10. Spring, take rise, have source or origin, proceed, originate, be produced. 11. Become hostile, take up arms, go to war, rebel, revolt 12. Slope upward. 13. Happen, occur, come by chance. Rise, n. I. Ascent, rising. 2. Elevation, elevated place, rising ground. 3. Source, origin, spring, beginning. 4. Increase, advance, augmentation. Risible, a. I. Laughable, ridiculous, droll, ludi- crous, comical, funny, farcical, amusing. 2. Producing laughter (a* certain muscles). RisiflSt »• I. Ascent, rise. 2. Reviving, resurrection. 3. Insurrection, rebellion, sedition. 4. Swelling, tumor, boil. Risk, n. Danger, hazard, jeopardy, peril, ex- posure to harm. Risk, V. a. I. Hazard, peril, endanger, jeopard, jeopardize, put in peril, put to hazard, expose to danger. 2. Venture, dare to undertake. Rite, H. Ceremony, form, observance, usage, ordinance, solemnity, ceremonial formulary, sac- rament. Ritual, a. Ceremonial. Ritual, n. Liturgy, formulary of worship. Rival, H. Competitor, antagonist, opponent, emulator. Rival, a. Competing, emulating, emulous, oppos- ing. Rival, V. a. I. Oppose, compete with, contend with. 2. Emulate, try to equal or excel. 3. Match, equal, be equal to. Rivalry, «. Competition, emulation, rivalship, strife, contention. Rivalship, n. Rivalry. Rive, V. a. Rend, split, cleave, tear or rend asunder. River, ». I. Stream. 2. Large stream, copious flow, abundance* River-crab, «. Cray-fish, craw-fish. River-dragon, «. Crocodile. River-Jiorse, n. Hippopotamus. Rivet, V. a. Fasten, fix, make firm. Rivulet, n. Brook, streamlet, runnel, rill, runlet, small stream, burn. Road, n. I. Path, way, lane, street, route, course, fathway, track, passage, highway, thoroughfare, ighroad. 2. Roadstead, anchorage. Roadstead, n. Anchorage, road. Roadster, «. Horse (Jitted for the road), pad. Roam, V. n. Ramble, stroll, wander, range, rove, stray, straggle. Roam, V. a. Wander or range over, stray about. Roamer, «. Wanderer, rover, stroller, vagrant. Roan-tree, «. European mountain-ash, fowler's service-tree, rowan-tree {Pyrus aucuparia). Roar, V. n I. Bellow {as a beast). 2. Bawl, shout, vociferate, yell, bowl, cry, cry aloud. 3. Boom, resound, thunder, rattle, peal. 4. Laugh {loudly and long). Roar, n. I. Bellow, bellowing, roaring. 2. Loud noise {as of the wind or the sea). 3. Shout, cry, outcry. 4. Laugh {loud and long), laughter, shout. Roaring, «. See Roar. Rob, V. a. I. Plunder, strip, despoil, fleece, pil- lage, rook. 2. Take from, deprive. Robber, «. Plunderer, pillager, thief, despoiler, depredator, highwayman, footpad, bngand, ban- dit, marauder, freebooter, rifler, pirate. Robbery, ». Depredation, peculation, theft, lar- ceny, spoliation, despoliation, despoilment, plun- dermg, pillage, freebooting, piracy. Robe, «. Gown, dress. Robe, V. a. Dress, clothe, invest, array. Robin, n. 1. [Eng.] Ruddock, robmet, robin- redbreasU {Erythaca rubecula or Motacilla rubecula). 2. [W. S.] Robin-redbreast, migratory thrush {Turdus migrator ius). Roborant, a. Strengthening, tonic. Robust, a. I. Strong, athletic, brawny, stout, sinewy, muscular, stalwart, hale, hearty, hardy, . lusty, sturdy, firm, sound, vigorous, powerful, forceful, able-bodied, iron. 2. Sound, vigorous. 3. Violent, rough, rude, boisterous. Robustness, n. Strength, soundness, vigor, stout- ness, lustiness, sturdiness. Rochelle-powder, «. Seldlitz-powder. Rocbelle-salt, n. Tartrate of potash and soda, tartarized soda, sel de Seigneite. Rock, n I. Stone {of large size). 2. Defence, support, refuge, protection, strength, asylum. 3. Distaff. Rock, V. a. I. Move backward and forward {as something that rests on a support). ROCK 860 ROOM 2. Lull, quiet, calm, tranquillize, soothe, still, put to sleep. Rock, V. ft. Reel, totter, move backward and forward. Rock-crystal, «. Limpid quartz, mountain- crystal. Rock-fish, «. Black goby {Gobius niger). Rocking-Stone, «. Logan-stone. Rockling:, «. Whistle-fish, sea-loach {Motella vulgaris). Rock-maplCy n. Sugar-maple {Acer sacchari- nu7n). Rock-milk, n. Calc-tuff, agaric mineral. Rock-oil, «. Petroleum, rock-tar, mineral oil, naphtha, Barbadoes tar, Seneca oil, stone oil. Rock-rose, n. Frost-wort, frost-weed {Heliantke- mum Canadensis). Rock-salt, «. Common salt {as found in mines), mineral salt. Rock-tar, «. See Rock-oil. Rock-wood, n. Ligniform asbestos. Rocky, a. I. Hard, stony, flinty. 2. Obdurate, stubborn, hard. Rod, n. I. Twig, shoot, slender stem. 2. Wand, slender stick, cane. 3. Switch, scourge, birch, cudgel. 4. Pole, perch. 5. Shoot, branch {of a/atnily), tribe, race. 6. Wand, sceptre. Rodent, a. Gnawing, Rodent; «. Gnawer. Rodentia, «. //• Gnawers, rodents. Rodomont, «. Braggart, bully, bombastic fellow, vain boaster, braggadocio. Rodomontade, «. Blustering, bluster, boasting, bragging, rant, vam-glory, gasconade. Rodomontade, v. n. Boast, brag, bluster, rant, swagger, gasconade. Roe, «. I. Roebuck {Capreolus Capraea). 2. Spawn of fishes, sperm of fishes. Roebuck, n. See RoE. Roestone, «. Oolite. Rogation, «. Litany, supplication. Rogue, «. I. Vagrant, sturdy beggar, vagabond. 2. Knave, villain, swindler, sharper, cheat, trickster, rascal, scamp, scoundrel, scapegrace, caitiff, picaroon. 3. Mischievous fellow, wag, sly fellow, playful knave. Roguery, «. I. Knavery, rascality, villany, fraud, cheating, dishonest practices, knavish tricks, trickery, swindling. 2. Waggery, mischief, arch tricks. Sogllish, a. I. Knavish, dishonest, fraudulent, trickish, tricky. 2. Sportive, arch, mischievous, waggish, wan- ton. Roil, V. a. I. Make turbid, rile. 2. Vex, disturb, plague, anger, rile, irritate, worry, annoy, bother. 3. Perplex. Roily, a. Turbid, rily, disturbed. ^ Roisterer, «. Swaggerer, bully, rioter, blustering fellow. Role, «. [Fr.] Part, character {in a play). Roll, V. a. I. Turn, make revolve. 2. Whirl, wheel, revolve. 3. Revolve, turn about {in one''s mind). A. Wrap round {one part on another). 5. Bind, involve, inwrap, infold. 6. Press, level, smooth, flatten. 7. Drive, impel forward. 8. Emit, give expression to. 9. Wheel, trundle. Roll, V. n. I. Revolve, rotate, turn, wheel, whirl, gyrate, whirl round, go round, turn round. 2. Run on wheels. 3. Revolve, perform a revolution. 4.. Turn, move circularly. 5. Rock from side to side, be tossed about. 6. Move (as billows). 7. Fluctuate, move tumultuously. 8. Fall over and over, tumble. 9. Wallow, welter, tumble about. 10. Run, flow, glide. Roll, n. I. Volume, scroll, document. 2. Chronicle, record, history, annals. 3. List, register, catalogue, inventory, schedule, official document. 4. Loaf of bread {small, and rolled up while in the dough). 5. Rocking {as of a vessel in a heavy sea). 6. Prolonged, deep sound. 7. Cylinder, roller. 8. Round mass. Rollicking, a. Frolicsome, jolly, frolicking, play- ful, sportive, lively, frisky, full of frolic, swagger- ing, jovial. Romaic, n. Vernacular, modern Greek. Roman, a. I, Of Rome, of the Romans. 2. Of the Latins, of ancient Rome. 3. Noble, distinguished, brave, hardy, patri- otic. 4. Roman Catholic, of the Roman Catholic religion. Roman, «. I. Native of Rome. 2. Roman Catholic. Roman Catholic, a. Roman. Roman Catholic, «. Roman. Romance, «. I. Novel, tale, story, work of fic- tion. 2. Falsehood, lie, fiction, fable. 3. Romanza, ballad, song. Romance, a. Romanic. Romanic, a. Romance. Romanism, n. Roman Catholic religion, popery. Romanist, a. Roman Catholic, Romanist, n. Roman Catholic, Romist. Romanize, v. a. I. Latinize. 2. Convert to Romanism. Romantic, a. I. Fanciful, imaginative, ideal, extravagant, fantastic, wild. 2. Fictitious, improbable, chimerical, imagi- nary, fantastic. 3. Wildly picturesque, fantastic. Romany, \n. I. Gypsy. Rommany, J 2. Gypsy language. Rome-penny, ) Romescot, \ n. Peter-pence, fee of Rome. Romeshot, ) Romish, a. Roman Catholic. Romp, n. I. Rude girl. 2. Rude play, rude frolic. Romp, V. n. Frisk, sport, frolic {rudely), play boisterously. Rood, «. I. Forty square rods, fourth part of an acre. 2. Rod, pole, perch. 3. Cross, crucifix. Roof, n. I. Cover {of a house or of a building). 2. Cover, canopy, arch, vault. 3. House. 4. Palate. Roof, V. a. I. Cover {with a roof). 2. Shelter, enclose in a house. Rook, », I. Castle (/« cA^m). 2. Cheat, trickish fellow. Rook, V. n. I. Cheat, defraud, rob, ruck, cower. 2. Squat, sit close. Rook, V. a. Cheat, defraud by cheating, castle at chess. Room, n. I. Space, extent, expanse, scope, com- pass, field, range, sweep, swing, play, latitude. 2. Place, stead. ROOMY 861 ROUND 3. Apartment, chamber. 4. Chance, opportunity, occasion. 5. Unoccupied space, unoccupied place. Roomy, a. Spacious, capacious, large, wide, ex- tensive, ample, broad. Roost, «. Perch. Roost, V. n. I. Perch. 2. Lodge, settle. Rooster, n. [U. S.^ Cock, chanticleer. Root, «. I. Bottom, base, foundation, lower part. 2. Cause, origin, source, occasion, parent. 3. Radical, radix, etymon, primitive word, stem. 4. First ancestor. Root, V. n. Take root Root, V. a. I. Implant, set, fix, fasten. 2. Establish, confirm, sink deep, plant deeply. 3. Eradicate, tear out, exterminate, extirpate, destroy utterly, remove utterly. 4. Dig, burrow with the snout. Rooted, a. Fixed, deep, radical, coufirmed, estab- lished. Rootlet, n. Radicle, small root Root-stock, «. {Bot.) Rhizoma, root-like stem. Rope, V. a. I. Draw as by a rope, fasten, tie. 2. Pull, curb in, restram. Rope, V n. Be ropy or viscous. Rope-dancer, «. Acrobate, funambulist. Rope of sand. Feeble tie. Ropy, a. Viscous, viscid, glutinous, tenacious, stringy, adhesive. Rosary, «• I. Chaplet, garland. 2. Rose-garden, rosery. 3. String of beads for counting prayers. Roseate, a. I. Rosy, blushing, blooming, rose- colored. 2. Full of roses. Rosebay, «. Rhododendron. Rose-chafer, «. Rose-beetle, rose-fly {Cetonia aurata), Rose-cold, «. Hay-fever, rose-fever. Rose-color, n. Pink. Rose-colored, a. I. Rosy, roseate, pink. 2. Uncommonly beautiful, extravagantly fine, pleasing. Rosed, a. Crimsoned, flushed, rosy. Rose-elder, « Gelder-rose, snowball-tree ( Vibur- nutn opulus). Rose-fever, «. Hay-fever, rose-cold. Rose-fish, n. Norway haddock. Rose-fly, n. Rose-beetle, rose-chafer {Cetonia aurata). Roseola, n. Rose-rash, scarlet rash. Rose-red, a. Rose-colored, roseate, ruddy. Rosin, «. Colophony, resin {from the pine). Rossignol, n. Nightingale, philomel, philomela {Luscinia philomela). Rostrum, n. Platform, stage. Rosy, a. Blooming, ruddy, blushing, rosy, roseate, rose-colored, red, flushed. Rot, n. Putrefaction, corruption, decomposition, decay. Rot, V. n. I. Putrefy, corrupt, decompose, decay, spoil. 2. Moulder, rust. Rotary, a. Whirling, rotating, rotatory, turning. Rotate, V. n. Revolve, wheel, whirl, turn, go round, turn rouna. Rotation, n. Succession, order, series, course round. Rotatory, a. Whirling, rotating, rotary. Rote, n. I. Repetition. 2. Rvki {o/ the sea). Rotten, a. I. Putrid, corrupt, carious, decom- posed, putrefied, decaying, decayed, fetid, putres- cent, foul. 2. Unsound, defective. 3. Treacherous, deceitful, untrustworthy, cor- rupt, unsound. 4. Fetid, ill-smelling, rank. Rotund, a. Round, spherical, globular. Rotundity, «. Roundness, sphericity, rotundness, globosity. Rotundness, «. See Rotundity. Rotorier, «. [Fr,] Plebeian, commoner. Rou6, n. [Fr.] Rake, debauchee, profligate, dis- solute man. Rouge-et-noir, «. [Fr.] Trente-un,trente-ei-qua- rante. Rough, a. I. Uneven, rugged, craggy, cragged, jagged, scraggy, scabrous. 2. Unhewn, unwrought, unfashioned, formless, shapeless. 3. Unpolished (fu a gem), uncut, unfinished. 4. Shaggy, hairy, coarse, hirsute, bristly, ragged, disordered. 5. Coarse, indelicate, rude, uncivil, impolite, ungracious, bearish, churlish, gruff. 6. Harsh, sharp, severe, violent. 7. Tart, sour, crabbed, hard. 8. Inharmonious, discordant, jarring, unmusi- cal, scabrous, grating. 9. Tempestuous, boisterous, stormy, inclement. 10. Wild, boisterous, untamed. 11. Rugged, harsh, austere, uncourteous, un- polished, blunt, bluff, unrefined, burly. 12. Harsh, severe, uncivil, unfeeling, hard, cruel. 13. Rude, unpolished. 14. Vague, crude. Rough, n. Rowdy, ruffian, bully, coarse fellow. Rough breathing. Aspirate. Rough draught. Sketch, outline, rude sketch. Roughness, «. I. Unevenness, ruggedness. 2. Harshness, rudeness, coarseness, incivility, gruffness, bluntness, impoliteness. 3. Acerbity, unsavonness, astringency, harsh- ness. 4. Storminess, boisterousness, tempestuous- ness, inclemency, violence. 5. Violence, severity. 6. Inelegance, coarseness. 7. Discord. Ronnd, a. I. Circular. 2. Spherical, globular, orbicular, rotund, orbed. 3. Cylindrical. 4. Full, complete, entire, unbroken, whole. 5. Large, great considerable. 6. Plump, chubby, corpulent, stout, full, swel- ling. 7. Smooth, continuous, flowing, full, harmoni- ous. 8. Quick, brisk, full. 9. Plain, fair, candid, open, upright, honest, frank. Round, n. I. Cycle, revolution. 2. Circular dance. 3. Circle, sphere, cylinder, globe. 4. Rotation, established succession. 5. Rundle, step. 6. Circuit, compass, perambulation, tour. 7. Rung {of a ladder). Round, ad. I. Around, on all sides. 2. Circularly, in a circle, in a circuit. 3. Not directly, circuitously. 4. In circumference. 5. Through a circle. 6. From first to last. Round, /r^/. I. Around, circularly, about 2. All over, in all parts of. Round, V. a. I. Make circular, make spherical, make cylindrical. 2. Surround, encircle, encompass. 3. Make full, finish off, make complete. ROUNDABOUT 862 RUFFIAN 4. Move about, go round. 5. Make full, make smooth. Ronndabout, a. I. Indirect, tortuous, circuitous. 2. Ample, extensive, broad. 3. Encompassing, encircling. Rotmdat)OUt, «. I. Merry-go-round. 2. Round jacket, surtout. 3. Circuitous way, way round. 4. Circular dance 5. Orb, sphere, globe. Round-backed, a. Round-shouldered. Roundhead, «. Puritan. Roundly, ad. I. Openly, plainly, boldly, without reserve, peremptorily. 2. Briskly, swiftly, speedily. 3. Completely, vigorously, in earnest, to the purpose. Roundness, «. I. Sphericity, circularity, rotund- ness, rotundity, globosity, globularity, globular- ness, orbicularness, cylindricity, fulness, plump- ness. 2. Fulness, smoothness of flow. 3. Openness, plainness, boldness, positiveness. Rouse, V. a. I. Awaken, wake, waken, arouse. 2. Animate, kindle, enkindle, stimulate, ex- cite, provoke, stir up. 3. Put in commotion, agitate. 4. Startle, surprise, drive from cover. Rouse, V. n. I. Rise, stand up, stand erect. 2. Awake, wake, get up, start up. Rout, n. I. Defeat, discomfiture, ruin, complete overthrow. 2. Concourse, rabble, multitude, tumultuous crowd, clamorous multitude. 3. Fashionable assembly, evening party. 4. Uproar, brawl, disturbance, noise. Rout, V. a. I. Defeat, discomfort, overthrow, overpower, beat, conquer. 2. Dispel, chase away, drive away, rout out, turn out, search thoroughly. Route, n. Way, path, passage, course, road. Routine, «. Practice, custom, round, ordinary way, wont, course, order. Rove, V. n. Roam, ramble, stroll, range, wander, stray, straggle. Rover, «. I. Rambler, wanderer, straggler, bird of passage. 2. Robber, pirate, freebooter. 3. Fickle person, inconstant person. Row, ft. Rank, hne, file. Row, «. {Collog.) Broil, tumult, uproar, riot, commotion, squabble, outbreak, quarrel, affray, disturbance, altercation, brawl. Rowan-tree, «. European mountain-ash, fowler's service-tree, roan-tree, roun-tree, royne-tree. Rowdy, n. {Collog.) Rough, bully, ruffian, coarse fellow. /^ Rowdy, a. {Collog.) I, Disreputable, black- guard, rough. 2. Flashy, coarsely showy. Rowel, «. Goad, spur. Rowen, n. Aftermath, eddish, lattermath, rovvett. Royal, a. I. Kinglv, regal, imperial. 2. Magnificent, kingly, princely, august, ma- jestic, kinglike, grand, splendid, superb. 3. Noble, generous, dignified, magnanimous. 4. Imperial, monarchical, regal. Royalty, «. I. Kingship, sovereignty. 2. Kingliness. 3. Majesty. 4. Percentage {as on copyright). 5. Kingdom, domain, sphere, province. Rub, V. a. I. Abrade, scrape, chafe, grate. 2. Wipe, clean, scour. 3. Smooth. 4> Chafe, fret, gall, touch hard. S. Spread, put, apply, smear. Rub, V. H. I. Grate, chafe. 2. Fret, chafe, make friction. Rub, « I. Rubbing, friction. 2. Collision, obstruction, hindrance. 3. Obstacle, difficulty, embarrassment, per- plexity, dilemma, pinch, hardship. 4. Taunt, gibe, sarcasm, jeer, severe rebuke. Rub-a-dub, «. Clatter, din, incessant noise. Rubber, «. Caoutchouc, india-rubber, gum-elastic Rubbing, ». Attrition, abrasion, friction. Rubbish, ». I. Ruins, fragments, refuse, dibris. 2, Litter, lumber^ trash, orts, dross, dregs, scum, scoria, sweepmgs, refuse. 3. Confusion, mmgled mass. Rubeola, «. (Med) Measles. Rubicund, a. Ruddy, reddish, red, florid. Rubicundlty, n. Ruddiness, reddishness, redness. Rub Olf. Abrade, wear away. Rub out. Efface, erase, obliterate, expunge, cancel, wipe out. Ruby-blend, n. Red blende, red sulphuret of zinc. Ruck, V. ft. Squat, cower, crouch, lie close, take shelter, rook. Ruck, V. a. Wrinkle, crease. Rudder-fish, «. Pilot-fish. Ruddiness, ft. Redness, reddishness, floridness. UddS^M"- Robin-redbreast. Ruddy, a. Reddish, florid, of a red color. Rude, a. I. Rough, rugged, coarse, uneven, shapeless, unfashioned, unformed, unwrought, crude, ill-formed. 2. Artless, unpolished, raw, inelegant, crude, rustic. 3. Coarse, uncouth, vulvar, clownish, loutish, boorish, ungraceful, uncivilized, untrained, un- skilful, unskilled, untutored, untaught, undis- ciplined, ignorant, barbarous, illiterate, savage. 4. Uncivil, uncourteous, brusk, rough, coarse, blimt, bluff, impolite, impudent, impertinent, saucy, insolent, insulting, ill-bred, surly, currish, gruff, churlish, brutal, uncivilized, barbarous, savage. 5. Violent, fierce, impetuous, inclement, bois- terous, tumultuous, harsh, severe, turbulent. 6. Fierce, impetuous, violent. Rudeness, ft. I. Roughness, ruggedness, uneven- ness. 2. Artlessness, inelegance. 3. Ignorance, uncouthness, barbarousness, clownishness. 4. Coarseness, incivility, impoliteness, inso- lence, impertinence, pertness, sauciness, surliness, gruffness, churlishness, currishness, presumption, effrontery, face, assurance, brass, ill-breeding. 5. Violence, boisterousness, severity, inclem- ency, tempestuousness, storminess. 6. Violence, impetuosity, fierceness. Rudiment, «. I. Embryo, rude state, starting- point. 2. Element, first principle, essential point. Rudimental, a. I. Embryonic, rudimentary. 2. Elementary, primary, initial. Rudimentary, a. See Rudimental. Rue, V. a. Regret, deplore, lament, repent of, be sorry for, grieve for. RueftU, a. I. Doleful, mournful, woful, sorrow- ful, lamentable. 2, Melancholy, sad, sorrowful, piteous, pitiful, grievous, lugubrious, dismal. Ruff, ft. Ruffle. Ruffian, ft. Villain, miscreant, caitiff, rascal, scoundrel, wretch, monster, robber, cut-throat, murderer. Ruffian, a. Savage, brutal, savagely boisterous, tumultuous, raging, violent. RUFFIANISM 363 RUNAWAY Ruffianism, n. Brutality, rascality, blackguard- ism, scoundrelism. Ruffle, V. a. I. Disarrange, damage, disorder, rumple, derange. 2. Discompose, disquiet, trouble, vex, torment, molest, plague, worry, harass, disturb, agitate, confuse, excite. 3. Gather into folds, wrinkle, cockle, pucker. 4. Surprise. 5. Amass, pile, heap. Ruffle, V. n. I. Flutter, play loosely. 2. Swagger, put on airs. Ruffle, n. I. Ruff, frill, edging. 2. Bustle, disturbance, commotion, contention, tumult, confusion, perturbation, flutter, flurry, agitation, fluster, hurry-skurry. Ragged, a. I. Rough, craggy, cragged, uneven, irregular, scraggy. 2. Uneven, ragged, coarse. 3. Rough, bristly, shas:gy. 4. Rough, harsh, crabbed, austere, hard, rude, severe. 5. Tempestuous, turbulent, stormy, rude, bois- terous, inclement- 6. Harsh, inharmonious, grating, unmusical, scabrous. 7. Wrinkled, frowning, surly, sour, discom- posed, ruffled. 8. Rude, boisterous, violent, tumultuous. Snggedness, n. I. Roughness, unevenness, as- perity. 2. Harshness, severity, rigor, roughness, coarseness, rudeness, surliness. 3. Boisterousness, storminess, inclemency, turbulence, tempestuousness. Rugose, a. Wrinkled, rugous. Rugous, a. See Rugose. RuUl, »■ I. Destruction, discomfiture, overthrow, defeat, wreck, perdition, fall, downfall, prostra- tion, subversion, undoing, shipwreck. 2. Bane, pest, mischief, destruction, perdition. 3. Wreck. Ruin, V. a. I. Destroy, demolish, overthrow, subvert, overturn, overwhelm, defeat, ruinate. 2. Impoverish, bring to want, reduce to poverty. Ruinate, v. a. I. Ruin, destroy, demolish, sub- vert, reduce to ruin. 2. Reduce to poverty. Ruination, n. Demolition, destruction, subver- sion, overthrow, ruin. Ruinous, a. I._ Decayed, dilapidated, demolished. 2. Destructive, pernicious, baneful, noxious, noisome, calamitous, wasteful, mischievous. Ruins, n. pi. Remains. Kule, n. I. Command, control, domination, do- minion, lordship, mastership, mastery, govern- ment, empire, sway, direction, authority. 2. Behavior, conduct. 3. Method, regularity, order. 4. Precept, law, canon, maxim, aphorism, formula, test, criterion, standard, touchstone. 5. Order, ruling, prescription, regulation, guide, precept. 6. Ruler. Rule, V. a. I. Govern, command, control, con- duct, manage, bridle, restrain, direct, lead. 2. Guide, advise, persuade, prevail on. 3. Settle, eiiablish 4. {Law.) Determine, decide Rule, V. n. I. Command, govern, have command, have control, exerc'se supreme authority. 2. Prevail, decide. 3. Settle, decide, establish. Ruler, n. I. Governor, sovereign, monarch, king, lord, master. 2. Director, manager. 3. Rule. Ruling, a. I. Governing, controlling, reigning, chief. 2. Predominant, prevailing, prevalent Rumex, «. (Bot.) Dock. Ruminate, v. n. I. Chew the cud. 2. Muse, meditate, ponder, cogitate, think, reflect. Ruminate, v. a. Meditate, chew, muse on, reflect upon, ponder upon, think about, brood over, chew the cud upon. Rumination, ». Musing, meditation, reflection, cogitation, pondering. Rummage, v. a. Search, examine, explore, ran- sack. Rummage, v. n. Make a search. Rummage, n. Search, examination, exploration. Rumor, ». I. Report, talk, bruit, gossip, hearsay. 2. Flying report, common voice, town talk. 3. Report, story, news, tidings, bruit. 4. Fame, reputation, celebrity, repute. Rumor, v. a. Report, tell, bruit, circulate, spread abroad, noise abroad. Romp, n. Buttocks. Rumple, V. a. Wrinkle, crumple, crease, crush, pucker, corrugate. Rumple, «. Wrinkle, crumple, pucker, rimple, crease, corrugation, fold. Rumpus, «. {Colloq.) Riot, brawl, confusion, tumult, uproar, squabble, outbreak, quarrel, feud, aflfi-ay, disturbance, altercation, row. Run, V. n. I. Race, step quickly, move swiftly. 2. Haste, hasten, hie, hurry, scud, scamper, scour, speed, post, trip. 3. Flow, glide, move, go, proceed, stream, roll on, move on. 4. Fuse, melt, become fluid, be fusible. 5. Pass, proceed, advance, elapse, vanish. 6. Spread, extend. 7. Continue, proceed, go, pass, press. 8. Tend, incline, make transition. 9. Extend, stretch, lie. 10. Steal away, depart privately. Run, V. a. I. Pierce, stab. 2. Push, thrust, put with force. 3. Force, drive. 4. Fuse, melt. 5. Make, force, bring. 6. Shape, form, mould, cast. 7. Incur, be liable to, fall into, be exposed to, encounter. 8. Venture, hazard, risk. 9. Break through, evade, smuggle. 10. Pursue in thought, carry in contemplation, trace by reflection. 11. Determine, mark out. 12. Pursue, follow, perform, take. 13. Pour forth, emit, let flow, discharge. 14. Cause to ply, maintain. Run, n. I. Running. 2. Current, progress, course, flow, passage, motion. 3. Continued course, continued success, cur- rency, popularity. 4. Trip, excursion, journey. 5. Clamor, outcry, protest, popular censure. 6. Pressure, demand, urgent application. 7. Generality, people or things as they are, people or things of average quality. 8. Brook, streamlet, runlet, runnel, rivulet, rill, small stream, burn. Run after. I. Follow, pursue, chase, course. 2. Search for, try to find, hunt. Run a rig. Play a sportive trick, engage in a frolic. Run away. Flee, fly, escape, elope. Runaway, ». Fugitive, deserter. RUN DOWN 864 SACRIFICE Ron down. I. Catch by chasing, chase to weari- ness. 2. Run against and sink. 3. Crush, overthrow, overbear, overwhelm, 4. Decry, disparage, depreciate, coudemn, traduce, cry down. Rung, n. Round {o/ a ladder). Run in debt. Get into debt, get credit, contract debts, become involved. Runlet) n. Brook, run, small stream. Runnel, «. {Rare.) Run, rivulet. Runner, «. I. Racer. 2. Messenger, courier. Run on. Continue, hold on, be continued. Runout. {Active.) I. Extend, thrust out, push out. 2. Waste, exhaust, expend. Runout. {Neuter.) I. Expire, be at end. 2. Be wasted, be exhausted. 3. Spread, expatiate. 4. Stop. Run over. {Active.) I. Passover. 2. Recount {cursorily). Run over. (Neuter.) Overflow. Run riot. I. Go to excess. 2. Grow luxuriantly. Run the hazard. See Run the risk. Run the risk. Take the chance, risk it, run the hazard. Run through. I. Pierce, penetrate, stab. 2. Waste, expend, exhaust, dissipate. Run together. Unite, mingle. Run to seed. Be worn out, go to waste, be im- poverished. Run up. Grow, swell, increase, rise. Rupture, «. I. Breach, fracture, disruption, break, burst, dissolution. 2. Quarrel, feud, contention, hostility. 3. See Hernia. Rupture, v. a. Break, burst. Rural, a Rustic, pastoral, country. Ruralize, v. «. Rusticate. Ruse, «. [Fr.] Stratagem, trick, artifice, wile, manoeuvre, fraud, deceit, deception, imposture, chouse, sham, fetch, clap-trap, crafty device. Rush, n. I. Straw, farthing, copper, trifle. 2. Driving on, violent course. 3. Eager demand, run. Rush, v. ft. Career, push on, press on. Rush out. I. Issue, flow, flow out. 2. Press out, hurry out, go out with a rush. Russet, a. I. Reddish-brown. 2. Coarse, rustic, homespun. Rust, n. I. Hydrated peroxide of iron. 2. Mildew, blight, must, mustiness, mould. Rust, z'. n. I. Gather rust, become rusty, be oxidized. 2. Decay, degenerate, grow dull, become sluggish. RUSUC, a. I._ Rural, country. 2. Countrified, unpolished, uncouth, clownish, inelegant, hoiden, hoidenish, rough, awkward, untaught, rude, outlandish, boorish. 3. Simple, plain, coarse, unadorned, homely, countrified. 4. Simple, artless, honest, unsophisticated Rustic, n. Swain, peasant, clown, boor, hind, countryman. Rusticate, v. «. Dwell or reside in the country. Rusticity, n. Rudeness, coarseness, artless- ness, simplicity, boorishness, clownishness. Rustle, n. Rustling. Rustling, a. Whispering, susurrous. Rusty, a. I. Covered with rust, affected with rust. 2. Musty, fusty, mildewed, rubiginous. 3. Dull, sluggish. 4. Rough, hoarse, grating, unmusical. Rut, «. I. Track of a wheel, furrow. 2. Rote {of the sea). Ruta-haga, n. Swedish turnip (Brassica cam- pestris). Ruth, n. Mercy, pity, compassion, tenderness. Ruthful, a. Merciful, compassionate, pitiful, tender. Ruthfully, ad. Wofully, sadly, mournfully, piteously. Ruthless, a. Merciless, pitiless, cruel, uncom- passionate, unpitying, unmerciful, relentless, un- relenting, unsparing, inexorable, barbarous, fell, savage, ferocious, inhuman, hard-hearted, trucu- lent. Rye-grass, «. Ray-grass, common darnel (Lolium perenne). Sahaoth, ». //. fHeb] Hosts, arimes Sabbath, «. I. [With The prefixed.] Lord's day, the day of rest, the Christian sabbath, first day of the week {among Christians), seventh day of the week {among Jews). 2. Rest, repose, time of rest. Sabbatism, «. Rest, intermission of labor. Sabine, «. Savin {Juniperiis Sabina). Sable, «. I. Zibelline, marten {Mustela zibel- Una)- 2. Pine marten, American sable {Mustela abietum). Sable, a. Dark, dusky, sombre, ebon, black. Sabre, «. Cavalry sword, dragoon's sword, fal- chion. Sabulous, a. Sandy, gritty. Saccharine, a. Sugary, sweet. Sacerdotal, a. Priestly. Sacerdotalism, «. Priest-craft. Sachem, n American Indian chief, sagamore. Sack, n. I. Bag, pouch. 2. Spoliation, destruction, desolation, devasta- tion, havoc, waste, ravage, sackage, despoil- ment. 3. Booty, spoil, plunder. 4. Sherry, sherry wine. Sack, V. a. Ravage, despoil, devastate, spoil, plunder, pillage, take by storm. Sacrament, «• I. Rite, ceremony, solemnity. 2. [With The prefixed.] Eucharist, com- munion, Lord's Supper. Sacred, a. I. Hallowed, holy, consecrated, divine. 2. Religious. 3. Dedicated, devoted, consecrated. 4. Inviolable, inviolate. 5. Venerable, sainted. Sacredly, ad. Inviolably, strictly, religiously. Sacredness, «. I. Holiness, sai ctity. 2. Inviolableness, inviolability. Sacrifice, v. a. I. Immolate, offer up. 2. Surrender, give up, forego. 3. Destroy, kill. Sacrifice, «• I. Consecratory rite. SACRILEGE 365 SALMIS 2. Offering, oblation, immolation. 3. Surrender, destruction, loss, devotion with loss. 4. Loss. Sacrilege, «. Profanation, desecration, violation. Sacrilegious^ a. Irreverent, impious, profane, desecrating. Sacring-bell, «. Saints' bell, mass-bell, sanctus- beil. Sacrist, n. Sacristan, sexton. Sacristan, «. Sexton, sacrist, vestry-keeper. Sacristy, «. Vestry, vestry-room. Sad, «a/.y). Sagaciousness, ». Sagacity. Sagacity, n. I. Sagaciousness, quickness of scent. 2. Shrewdness, acuteness, sharpness, astute- ness, penetration, ingenuity, discernment, perspi- cacity, sense, insight, mother-wit, quickness, readiness, wisdom. Sage, a. I. Wise, sagacious, sapient, discerning, shrewd, acute, intelligent, sensible, prudent. 2. Prudent, judicious, well-judged. 3. Serious, grave, solemn. Sage, «. Philosopher, wise man. Sa.^ttaiy, «• {Myihol-) Centaur, archer, bowman. Said, a. I. Declared, uttered, reported, related. 2. Aforesaid, before-mentioned. Sail, V. n. I. Make sail, put to sea, get under way, set sail, begin a voyage. 2. Pass by water. 3. Swim. 4. Fly smoothly. 5. Glide, float. Sail, V. a. Navigate. Sail-cloth, n. Duck, canvas. Sailor, n. Seaman, mariner, seafarer, seafaring man. Sail round. Circumnavigate. Saint, n. Holy person. Sainted,^. I. Consecrated,sacred, holy, hallowed. 2. Canonized. 3. Holy, pious, virtuous. Saint John's bread. Carob-tree, Algaroba-tree, locust-tree {Ceratonia siltqua). Saintly, a. Holy, devout, pious, religious, godly, heavenly-minded. Saint-Simonianism, «. Fourierism, phalansteri- anism, humanitarianism, socialism. Saint Vitus's dance. Chorea. Sake, «. I. Reason, purpose, end, final cause. ^ 2. Score, account, regard, respect, considera- tion, reason, cause, interest. Salable, a. I. Vendible, marketable, fit for sale. 2. In demand, of ready sale. Salacious, a. Lewd, lustful, carnal, lecherous, lascivious, wanton, libidinous, lickerish, con- cupiscent, lewd, loose, prurient, unchaste, incon- tinent. Salamander, n. Ef^. Sal-ammoniac, «. Chloride of ammonium, hydro- chlorate of ammonia, muriate of ammonia. Salary, «. Stipend, pay, wages, hire, allowance. Sale, «. I. Demand, market, vent, opportunity to sell. 2. Auction. Salient, a. I. Leaping, bounding, jumping. 2. Springing, beating, throbbing, shooting up. 3. Projecting, jutting, prominent, standing out, in relief. 4. Striking, remarkable, conspicuous, promi- nent Saline, a. Briny, salt. Saline, «. Salt-spring, salt-pit. Saliva, n. Spittle. Sallow, a. Yellow {as from, illness), yellowish ; pale, of a pale, sickly color. Sailly, n. I. Sortie. 2. Digression, excursion, trip, nm. 3. Frolic, escapade, wild gayety. 4. Jest, joke, quip, quirk, crank, witticism, sprightly fancy, flash of wit,y^» (T esprit. Sally, V. n. Rush out, issue suddenly. Sally forth. See Sally. Salmagundi, n. Medley, olio, miscellany, mix- ture, farrago, jumble, hodge-podge, hotch-potch, mish-mash, gallimaufry, pot-pourri, tnilange. Salmis, «. Jugged hare, ragout. SALMON-TROUT 866 SANGUINARY Salmon-troutj «. Sea-trout, hirling {Salmo trutta). Saloon, n. Spacious room, reception room. Saisafy, ) «. Oyster-plant {Tragopogon porri- Salsify, ] /alius). Sal-soda, «. Carbonate of soda. Salt, n. I. Chloride of sodium, muriate of soda, common salt. 2. Taste, smack, savor, flavor, seasoning, relish. 3. Wit, piquancy, pungency, sarcasm, humor, smartness, poignancy. 4. Sailor, old sailor. 5. Salt-cellar. Salt, a. I. Saline. 2. Sharp, bitter, pungent. Saltation, n. I. Leaping, jumping, hopping, springing, bounding, vaulting. 2. Palpitation. Saltat0I7> «• Leaping, jumping, skipping, hop- ping, dancing. Salt-cake, «. Sulphate of soda (artificially pre- pared frotn conttnon salt). Saltish, a. Brackish, somewhat salt. Salt of hartshorn. Sal-volatile, carbonate of am- monia {solid and itnpure), sesqui-carbonate of ammonia, volatile salts, smelling salts. Salt of lemons. I. Binoxalate of potash, salt of sorrel, essential salt of lemons. 2. Oxalic acid. Salt of sorrel. I. Binoxalate of potash, salt of lemons. 2. Oxalic acid. Salt of tartar. Pure carbonate of potash. Salt-pan, «. Salt-pit, salt-mine, salt-work. Saltpetre, «. Nitre, nitrate of potash. Salt-water, «. Sea-water. Salt-wort, n. Glass-wort, marsh-samphire (.S"a//- cornea herbacea). Salubrious, a. Healthy, healthful, salutary, wholesome, salutiferous. Salubriousness, I «. Healthiness, healthfulness, Salubrity, j salutariness, wholesomeness. Salutartness, «. See Salubrity. Salutary, a. I. Healthy, healthful, salubrious, wholesome, salutiferous, helpful, safe. 2. Advantageous, beneficial, serviceable, good, useful, profitable. Salutation, «. Greeting, salute, address. Salutatory, a. Greeting. Salutatory, «. \_U. 5".] Salutatory oration at college commencement. Salute, V. a. I. Greet, hail, address, accost, wel- come, congratulate. 2. Kiss, greet with a kiss. Salute, n. I. Salutation, greeting, address. 2. Kiss. Salutiferous, a. Healthy, healthful, salutarj', salubrious, wholesome. Salvation, n. I. Preservation, deliverance, res- cue, escape from danger. 2. Redemption, deliverance. Salve, n. I. Healing ointment, cerate. 2. Help, remedy, corrective, antidote. Salve, V. a. I. Anoint, heal, cure. 2. Help, remedy, mend, gloss over. Salver, n. Waiter, tray. Salvo, n. I. Exception, reservation, excuse, saving. 2. Volley, general discharge {^qf fire-arms). Sal-volatile, «• Sesqui-carbonate of ammonia, car- bonate of ammonia, smelling-salts, salt of harts- horn. Sambucus, «. Elder-tree. Same, a. I. Identical. 2. Similar, like, corresponding; of like kind, £ort, or degree. Sameness, n. I. Identity, identicalness, one- ness. 2. Similarity, resemblance, correspondence, likeness. 3. Monotony, want of variety. Samiel, «. LArab.] Simoom, simoon, khamsin, harmattan. Samiote } ^' Samian, inhabitant of Samos. Sample, n. I. Specimen, illustration, exemplifi- cation, instance. 2. Example, pattern, model. 3. Scantling, pattern, specimen. Sampler, «. Pattern {of needle-work). Sanability, «. Curableness. sanableness. Sanable, a. Curable, remediable, healable. Sanableness, n. Curableness, sanabilitv. Sanative, | a. Healing, curative, curing, reme- Sanatory, ) dial, therapeutic. Sanctification, «. I. Justification, absolution, remission of sin. 2. Consecration. Sanctified, a. I. Consecrated, hallowed. 2. Sanctimonious, affectedly holy. Sanctifier, n. [With The prefixed.] The Holy Spirit. Sanctify, v. a. I. Make holy, cleanse from sin. 2. Consecrate, hallow, purify. 3. Sanction, justify, ratify. Sanctimonious, a. Pharisaical, affectedly holy, hypocritically devout. Sanctimoniousness, ^ n. Pharisaism, hypocrisy, cant, formalism, pietism, sanctimony, assumed piety. . Sanctimony, n. Affected holiness, hjrpocritical devoutness, pretence of holiness, sanctimonious- ness. Sanction, «. I. Confirmation, ratification, coun- tenance, support, authority, warranty, authoriza- tion, allowance. 2. Penalty, punishment. Sanction, v. a. Ratify, confirm, countenance, support, authorize, warrant, allow, legalize, bind. Sanctity, «. I. Purity, holiness, godliness, saint- liness, goodness, piety, grace, devotion, religious- ness. 2. Sacredness, inviolability, solemnity. Sanctuary, «. I. Sacred or holy place, shrine, consecrated spot, holy ground, holy of holies, adytum. 2. Temple, church, place of worship, conse- crated building, consecrated ground. 3. Asylum, refuge, shelter. 4. Refuge, shelter, protection, security. Sanctum sanctorum. [L.] Sanctuary, holy of holies, most holy place. Sand, «. Gravel, small pebbles, comminuted silica. Sand, V. a. Cover or sprinkle with sand. Sand-blast, «. Sand-jet. Sanders, «. [Written also Saunders. "^ Red sandal-wood. Sand-flea, «. Beach-flea, sandhopper, amphiped, sea-flea. Sand-fly, n. Midge {Simulium nocivum). Sandhopper, «. Sand-flea, beach-flea, amphipod, sea-flea. Sandiver, n. Glass-gall. Sand-jet, n. Sand-blast. Sandy, a. I. Sabulous, gritty. 2. Unstable, shifting, arenaceous. 3. Yellowish-red, sand-colored. Sane, a. Sound {especially in mind), sober, lucid. Saneness, n. Sanity. Sang-froid, «. [Fr.J Coolness, unconcern, indif- ference, calmness. Sanireal, «. Grail, holy dish. Sanguinary, a. I. Bloody, murderous. SANGUINARY 367 SAVAGE 2. Cruel, blood-thirsty, savage, inhuman, bar- barous, ruthless, pitiless, fell, truculent. Sanguinary, «. Blood-root, bloodwort, red-root {Sanentinaria Canadensis)- SangULDe» a. I. Red, crimson. 2. Warm, ardent, lively, animated, cheerful. 3. Confident, hopeful, enthusiastic, buoyant. 4. Plethoric, full-blooded. Sanguine, n. I. Blood color. 2. Bloodstone. Sanguine, v. a. I. Ensanguine, stain with blood. 2. Stain red, varnish blood color. Saneuisuge, n. Bloodsucker, leech. Sanitarv, a. Hygienic. Sanitation, n. Hygene. Sanitory, a. Therapeutic, remedial, curative, heal- ing, curing. See Sanatory. Sanity, «• Saneness, soundness, rationality. Sanpan, ». [Written also Sampan and Scatnpan. ] Chinese boat. Sans-CUlotte, n. [Fr.] I. Ragamuffin, tatter- demalion, ragged fellow. 2. Jacobin, radical, republican. Sans SOUCi. [Fr.] Without care, with uncon- cern, free and easy. Sap, n. Juice {of a plant). Sap, V. a. Mine, undermine. Sapid, a. Savory, relishing, tasteful, palatable. Sapidity, «. See Sapidness. Sapidness, «. Savoriness, savor, taste, sapidity, tastefulness. Sapience, «. Wisdom, sageness, knowledge, sa- gacity, 'shrewdness, intelligence, sense. Sapient, a. Wise, sage, sagacious, sensible, dis- cerning, shrewd, acute, intelligent, knowing. Sapless, a. I. Without sap, destitute of sap. 2. Decayed, dry, old, withered. Saponaceous, a. Soapy. Sapor, «. Taste, flavor, savor, relish, smack. Sapphire, «. Telesia. Sapphire, a. Blue, sapphirine. Sappiness, n. Juiciness, succulence. Sappy, a. I. Juicy, succulent. 2. Young, weak, soft. 3. Weak, silly, foolish. Sap-rot, «. Dry-rot. Saracen, n. I. Arabian, Arab. 2. Mussulman, Mahometan. Sarcasm, «. Taunt, gibe, jeer, fling, satire, irony, ridicule, cutting jest, sneer, flout. Sarcastic, a. Severe, cutting, taunting, satirical, sharp, biting, mordacious, sardonic. Sarcophagus, n. Stone coffin. Sard, n Carnelian, sardel, sardine, sardius, sar- doin, red chalcedony. Sardel, 1 Sardoin, J Sardonic, a. Sarcastic, derisive, malignant, bit- terly ironical. Sarlac, 1 «. Yak, svoragoy, bubul, gfrutiting ox of Sarlyk, ) Tartary. Sarment, «. Runner, long twig; prostrate, fili- form stem. Sash, n. Girdle, band, belt, scarf. Satan, «. Belial, Apollyon, Devil, the Evil One, the Arch-enemy, the Arch-fiend, the Tempter, the Author of Evil, the WickedOne, the Old Serpent, the Prince of Darkness, the Foul Fiend. SataidC, a. Diabolical, infernal, hellish, devilish, malicious, malignant, evil, false, fiendish. Satchel, «. Bag, little sack. Sate, V. a. See Satiath. Satellite, «. I. Moon, secondary planet. 2. Attendant, follower, dependant, retainer, vassal, hanger-on. Satiate, v. a. I. Sate, satisfy, suffice, fill. 2. Cloy, gorge, overfill, glut, overfeed, surfeit, pall, sate. Satiety, «• Repletion, satiation, surfeit, fulness, glut, cloyment. Satire, «. Ridicule, sarcasm, invective, irony, philippic, diatribe, fling, squib, lampoon, pasqui- nade, burlesque, wit, humor, cutting remark. Satirical, a. Sarcastic, severe, taunting, censori- ous, cutting, biting, sharp, keen, poignant, invec- tive, mordacious, bitter, reproachful, abusive, ironical. Satirize, v. a. Censure, ridicule, abuse, lampoon, lash. Satisfaction, n. I. Gratification. 2. Contentment, content, enjoyment, ease, comfort, pleasure, complacency. 3. Compensation, amends, requital, remunera- tion, indemnification, reparation, atonement, re- compense, reward. 4. Discharge, payment. Satisfactory, a. I. Gratifying, pleasing. 2. Sufficient, conclusive, convincing, decisive. 3. Compensating, atoning, that makes amends. Satisfy, v. a. I, Please, gratify, content, satiate, sate, fill, suffice. 2. Recompense, requite, indemnify, pay, liqui- date, compensate, remunerate. 3. Pay, discharge, settle. 4. Convince, persuade, assure. 5. Fulfil, answer. Satisfy, v. n. I. Give satisfaction. 2. Atone, make payment. 3. Feed full, supply to the full. Satrap, «. [Persian.] I. Governor, viceroy, ruler. 2. Prince, petty despot. Satrapy, «. Principality, princedom. Saturate, v. a. Drench, fill full, imbue thor- oughly, soak. Saturation, n. Repletion, fulness. Saturnalia, »■ >/. [L] Revels, orgies, feasts. Saturnallan, a. Riotous, licentious, sportive, loose, dissolute. Satumian, a. I. Of Saturn. 2. Palmy, joyous, halcyon, golden, happy, in- nocent, simple, pure. Saturnine, a. I. Dull, heavy, g^ve, sad, gloomy, sedate, morose, phlegmatic, sombre. 2. Leaden, dull. Sauce, n. Seasoning, relish, condiment, apjjetiz- ing compound. Saucebox, «. {Colloq.) Saucy fellow, impudent fellow. Saucily, ad. Pertly, petulantly, boldly, impu- dently. 3aucineS8, n. Impertinence, insolence, impu- dence, pertness, malapertness, rudeness, petu- lance. Saucy, a. Impertinent, impudent, pert, insolent, cavalier, rude, forward, bold, flippant, malapert, disrespectful, petulant. Saul-tree, n. Sal-tree {Shorea robusta). Saunders-hlne, «. [Written also Sanders-hlue.l Ultramarine. Saunter, v. «. I. Loiter, linger, lounge, stroll, move slowly. 2. Dawdle, dilly-dally, loiter, lag, delay, linger. Saunterer, «• I. Loiterer, lounger, stroller. 2. Lagger, laggard, dawdler. Sanria, «. //. Lizards. Saurian, «. Lizard. Saury-pike, «. Skipper {Scomieresox saurus). Sauvegarde, «. Monitor, lizard, great American .safeeuard {Lacerta monitor). Savage, a. I. Uncultivated {as a forest), wild, rough, sylvan. SAVAGE 368 SCANDENT 2. Uncivilized (like an inhabitant of the woods), untaught, rude, unpolished. 3. Wild, untamed, fierce, ferocious, rapacious, ravenous, ferine, biood-thirsty. 4. Inhuman, beastly, brutal, brutish, brute. 5. Cruel, barbarous, fierce, ferocious, inhu- man, brutal, fell, remorseless, pitiless, unmerci- ful, ruthless, merciless, heathenish, relentless, hard-hearted, sanguinary, bloody, murderous, truculent, vandalic. 6. Enraged (colloq.). Savage, n. Barbarian. Savagely, ad. Cruelly, inhumanly, barbarously, fiercely. Savageness, n. I. Barbarism. 2. Cruelty, barbarousness, ferocity, barbarity. Savagery, «. I. Savagism, barbarism. 2. Cruelty, barbarity. Savagism, «. Barbarism, savagery. Savanna, n. Meadow, plain, plateau, prairie, open country, champaign country Savant, «• Scholar, learned man, erudite person, one of the literati, man of science. Save, V. a. I. Rescue, keep, preserve. 2. Preserve, rescue, redeem, 3. Deliver, rescue, keep clear. 4. Reserve, keep, hold, husband, lay up, lay by, gather, hoard, economize. 5. Spare, prevent, hnider, obviate, insure against. 6. Catch, be in time for. Save, prep. Except, leaving out, not including, deducting, excepting. Saver, «. I. Rescuer, deliverer, saviour, pre- server. 2. Economist. Sa^ne 1 *^' J""*P^'' Sabine {Juniperns Sabind). Saving, a. I. Preserving, sparing, redemptory. 2. Economical, frugal, sparing, thrifty, careful. 3. Reserving. Saving, prep. I. With exception, excepting, in favor of. 2. Without disrespect to. Saving, «. Exception, reservation. Savingness, «. Frugality, parsimony, economy. Savior, \ n. I. Rescuer, saver, deliverer, pre- Saviour, ) server, protector, defender, guardian. 2. [With The or Our prefixed.] Christ, Jesus, Immanuel, the Messiah, the Redeemer, the Me- diator, the Intercessor, the Advocate, the Judge, the Anointed, the Word, the Son of God, the Son of Man, the Lamb of God, Shiloh. Savor, n. I. Taste, flavor, relish, gust, smack, gout. 2. Odor, scent, smell, fragrance. 3. Characteristic property, distinctive temper. 4. Character, reputation. Savor, V. n. I. Taste, smack. 2. Partake, have a touch of, betoken, smack. Savor, V. a. Like, relish, enjoy, appreciate, affect. Savorless, a. Tasteless, insipid, vapid, stale, flat, without savor or relish. Savory, a. Relishing, piquant, luscious, palatable, delicious, flavorous, nice, well-tasted. Saw, n. Saying;, maxim, adage, proverb, aphorism, apothegm, dictum, by-word, sententious precept, axiom. Saw-gin, n. Cotton-gin. Saw-set, «. Saw-wrest. Saw-toothed, a. Serrated. Saw-wrest, «. Saw-set. Sax-horn, «. Sax-cornet. Say, V. a. I. Speak, utter, tell, declare, pro- nounce, express. 2. Argue, allege, affirm. 3. Repeat, rehearse, recite. 4. Pronounce, recite. 5. Answer, tell, reply. 6. Suppose, presume, assume, take for granted. 7. Decide, judge. Say, V. n. Declare, speak, assert, tell. Say, «. I. Affirmation, declaration, statement, speech. 2. Maxim, saying, saw. Saying, «. I. Expression, observation, remark, declaration, statement, speech. 2. Proverb, saw, maxim, aphorism, adage, apothegm, dictum, by-word, sententious pre- cept. Scabbard, «. Sheath {o/ a sword or a dagger), case. Scabbed, a. Mean, paltry, vile, shabby, sorry, worthless. Scabies, «. [L.] (Med.) The itch, mange, scab, psora. Scabious, a. Rough, itchy, scabby, scabbed, leprous. Scabrous, a. I. Rough, rugged, scraggy, cragged, uneven. 2. Harsh, unmusical, rough. Scaffold, «. Stage, frame, scaffolding, staging. Scaffolding, «. See Scaffold. Scald, V. a. Bum (with a hot liquid). Scald, a. Scurvy, paltry, poor. Scald, n. Skald, ancient Scandinavian poet. Scaldhead, n. Ringworm of the sczl^), porrigo. Scale, ». I. T)\s\i (of a balance). 2. Balance. 3. Gradation, progressive series. 4. Lamina, layer, flake, plate, lamella. Scale, V. a. Climb, ascend, escalade, mount, clamber up. Scaled, a. Squamose, squamous, scaly. Scale off. Exfoliate, shell off, peel off, fall off in scales. Scale-stone, n. Tabular spar, schaalstein. Scall, n. Scab, scurf, scabbiness, leprosy. Scallion, «. (Bot.) Shallot (Allium ascalon- icunt). Scallop, V. a. Indent, notch. Scaly, a. I. Flaky, lamelliform, squamous. 2. Mean, scurvy, stingy, contemptible, paltry, scald. Scaly ant-eater. Pangolin. Scamp, «. Rogue, rascal, cheat, knave, swindler, sharper, trickster, scoundrel, villain, scapegrace, worthless fellow. Scamper, v. n. Scud, run, trip, hie, haste, hasten, speed. Scan, V. a. I. Recite metrically, divide into feet. 2. Scrutinize, examine, investigate, sift, in- quire into, look into. Scandal, «. I. Defamation, aspersion, calumny, backbiting, slander, detraction, traducement, re- proach, obloquy. 2. Disgrace, dishonor, shame, infamy, offence, reproach, discredit, disrepute, ignominy, odium, opprobrium, ingloriousness. Scandal, v. a. Defame, traduce, libel, asperse. Scandalize, v. a. I. Offend, give offence to, shock. 2. Vilify, asperse, defame, backbite, traduce, decry, calumniate, slander, reproach, libel, revile, satirize, lampoon, inveigh against. 3. Disgrace, bring disgrace on. Scandalous, a. I. Opprobrious, defamatory, libellous, slanderous. 2. Disgraceful, shameful, infamous, disreputa- ble, ignominious, atrocious, odious, inglorious, opprobrious. 3. Shameful. Scandalously, ad. Disgracefully, shamefully. Scandent, a. (Bot:) Climbing. SCANT 869 SCHOOL Scant; V. a. I. Limit, straiten, stint. 2. Grudge, keep back, be niggard of, cut short. Scant, a. I, Scanty, scarcely sufficient. 2. Scarce, short, insufficient. Scantiness, «• Insufficiency, meagreness, narrow- ness, deficiency, short supply, short measure. Scantly, ad. I. Penuriously, narrowly, illiber- ally, sparingly. 2. Scarcely, hardly. Scantness, «. Narrowness, smallness, scantiness. Scanty, a. I. Insufficient, narrow, meagre, scant, small. 2. Hardly sufficient. 3. Sparing, niggardly, parsimonious, penuri- ous. Scapegrace, «. Careless fellow, idle fellow. Scaphoid, a. {Anat.) Boat-shaped, cymbiform, navicular. Scapula, n. Shoulder-blade, omoplate, shoulder- bone. Scar, n. I. Cicatrix, cicatrice, seam. 2. Hurt, wound. 3. Blemish, mark, injury, disfigurement, flaw, defect. 4. Cliff, precipitous bank, detached rock. Scar, V. a. Wound, hurt, mark. Scarab, «■ Beetle, scarabee. Scaramoucll, ». I. Buffoon, harlequin, clown, zany. 2. Poltroon, braggadocio, braggart Scarce, a. I. Deficient, wanting, not plentiful, not abundant. 2. Rare, uncommon, infrequent. Scarce, \ad. Hardly, barely, but just, with Scarcely, ) difficulty, scantly. Scarcity, «. I. Deficiency, dearth, want, insuffi- ciency, lack. 2. Rareness, rarity, uncommonness, infre- quency. Scarcity-root, «. Field-beet, mangel-wurzel, {Beta altissima). Scare, «. Fright, panic, sudden terror. Scare, v. a. Frighten, affright, fright, intimidate, daunt, appall, terrify, make afraid, put in fear. Scarfskin, n. Cuticle, epidermis. Scarify, v. a. I. Deface, scratch, scar, disfigure, cover with scars. 2. {Surg. ) Cut, incise, puncture. Scarlatina, «. Scarlet-fever. Scarlet-fever, «. Scarlatina. Scath, ) V. a. Injure, harm, blast, destroy, dam- Scathe, i age, waste. Scathe, «. Damage, injury, waste, harm, mis- chief. Scathless, a. Uninjured, unhurt, intact, undam- aged, whole, sound, unharmed, untouched, un- scathed. Scatter, v. a. I. Strew, sprinkle, throw about loosely. 2. Sprinkle on, besprinkle. 3. Dissipate, disperse, separate, spread. 4. Disunite, distract, confound, harass. 5. Dispel, frustrate, disappoint, overthrow. Scatter, v- «. Disperse, straggle, go at random. Scatter-brain, «. Giddv, thoughtless person. Scatter-brained, a. Giddy, thoughtless, inatten- tive, heed'ess. Scattered, a. I. Strewn, sprinkled. 2. Diffused, dispersed, spread about, dissi- pated, separated. 3. Sporadic, occurring here and there. Scatteringly, ad. Thinly, loosely, sparsely, dis- persively. Scene, M., Spectacle, exhibition, show, pageant, sight, view, display, representation. Scenexy, «. Landscape, prospect, view. Scenic, a. Theatrical, dramatic. Scent, n. I. Odor, smell, perfume, fragrance, redolence, balminess. 2. Smell, sense of smell. 3. Track, course of pursuit. Scent, V. a. I. Smell, get scent of. 2. Perfume, fill with odor, give odor to, im- bue with odor. Scentless, a. Inodorous, odorless. Sceptic, n. [Written also Skeptic] I. Doubter, questioner, Pyrrhonist. 2. Deist, infidel, unbeliever, freethinker. Sceptic, a. See Sceptical. Sceptical, a. [WxMgw &\^o Skeptical.'] Doubt- ing, unbelieving, questioning, hesitating, incred- ulous. Scepticism, ». [Written also Skepticism.] I. Pyrrlionism, questioning temper, suspense of belief, agnosticism, positivism, doubt, incre- dulity. 2. Unbelief, infidelity, deism, freethinking. Sceptre, «• I. Royal mace, royal baton. 2. Royal power, sovereign authority. Sceptred, a. Regal, royal, imperial. Schedule, «. I. Scroll, document. 2. Inventory, list, record, roll, table, catalogue, register. Schema, «. Form, arrangement, plan, design, system. Schematist, «. Projector, schemer, planner, de- signer, systematizer. Scheme, «._ I. Plan, system, theory. 2. Device, design, plan, project, contrivance, plot, stratagem, conspiracy, intrigue, cabal, mach- ination. 3. Draught, outline, diagram, arrangement. Scheme, v. a. Plan, contrive, project, plot, de- vise, design, imagine, frame, excogitate. Scheme, v. n. Intrigue, plot, plan, contrive. Schemer, «. Planner, projector, contriver, plotter. Scheming, a. I. Planning, contriving. 2. Artful, intriguing. Schemist, «. Schemer, projector. Schenk-beer, «. German draught beer. Schiedam, «. Holland gin, schnapps. Schism, n, I. Division {in a church), separa- tion. 2. Disunion, discord, separation, division. Schismatic, «. Sectary, heretic, non-conformist, dissenter, separatist. Schismatical, a. Discordant, dissentient, heter- odox. Schistose, la. Lamellate, lamellated, laminar. Schistous, J laminated, foliated, foliaceous, scalv, flaky. Scholar, n. I. Disciple, pupil, student, learner. 2. Savant, man of letters, philomath, learned man, erudite person. 3. Pedant. Scholar-like, a. Scholariy. Scholarly, a. Scholar-like. Scholarship, «. I. Learning, erudition, knowl- edge, attainments, acquirements, accomplish- ments, acquired knowedge. 2. Education, teaching. 3. Maintenance for a student, foundation for support. ScholastiCt a. I. Academic, literary, lettered, bookish. 2. Pedantic, formal. Scholastic, n. Schoolman. Scholiast, n. Commentator, annotator, glossarist Scholium, a. Annotation, comment, remark, ob- servation, note, elucidation, gloss. School, «. I. Seminary, academy, institute, gym- nasium, place of education. 2. Sect, denomination. 24 SCHOOL 870 SCOUR Schwl, V. a. I. Instruct, teach, educate, train, drill, exercise, indoctrinate. 2. Tutor, discipline, control, govern, chide, admonish, reprove, bring under subjection. Sch00l>t)00k, «. Text-book. School-fellow, ft. School-mate. Schooling, n. I. Tuition, instruction, education, teaching, training, nurture, discipline. 2. Reproof, reprimand, lecture. Schoolman, n. Scholastic. School-master, «. Instructor, preceptor, teacher, tutor, master. School-mate, n. School-fellow. School-ship, n. Training ship. Sciatica, n. Ischlagra, hip-gout- Statical I "• ^^ '^^ ^'P' 's<^^'^^'*=' ischiatic. Science, «. I. Knowledge, information, learning. 2. System of knowledge, body of knowledge, philosophical knowledge, knowledge of princi- ples or general laws. 3. Branch of knowledge. Scientific, a. Philosophical, according to princi- ples or general laws. Scientist, n. Savant, scientific man. Scilicet, ad. [L.] Namely, to wit, that is, that is to say, to particularize, videlicet. Scimet^* I "" ^^'"**^''' oriental sword. Scintilla, «. [L.] Spark, glimmer, jot, shadow, trace, iota, whit, tittle, bit, ace, grain, atom, par- ticle, scrap, mite. Scintillant, a. Sparkling, twinkling. Scintillate, v. n. I. Sparkle, twinkle, corus- cate. 2. Emit sparks. Scintillation, n. I. Sparkling, flashing, corusca- tion, intellectual splendor. 2. Twmkling, sparkling. Sciolism, n. Smattering, shallowness, superficial- ness, imperfect knowledge, superficial knowledge, slight knowledge. ScioUst, n. Smatterer, ignoramus, novice, green- horn, pretender to science. SciolistlC, a. Superficial. Scion, ft. I. Sprout, shoot, twig, branch, cion, graft, slip. 2. Descendant, heir. Sciote, \ „ Q^- „ sciot. r- s^'.^"-. Scission, n. Division, split. Scissure, «. Cleft, rent, fissure. Sclavonic, a. Slavic, Slavonian, Slavonic. Sclerotic, «. (Anat.) White of the eye. Scoff, V. a. Mock, deride, jeer, scoff at. Scoff, V. n. Mock, jeer, gibe, sneer, flout, deride, ridicule. Scoff, n. I. Sneer, gibe, jeer, taunt, flout, biting jest, mock. 2. Derision, ridicule, mock, reproach. Scoffer, n. Scorner, mocker, ndiculer, railer, derider, despiser, jeerer. Scold, V. a. Berate, rate, censure, reprimand, blame, chide, find fault with, brawl, rebuke rudely. Scold, V. ft. Rate, reprimand, vituperate, brawl, rail, chide with rudeness. Scold, ft. I. Vixen, shrew, termagant, virago. 2. Scolding, brawl. Scold at. Rebuke, chide, reprimand, reprove, censure, condemn, denounce, blame, declaim against, inveigh against, exclaim against, rail at. Scolding:, 0. Chiding, berating, abusive, vituper- ative, railing, clamorous. Scolding, ft. Railing, vituperation, abuse, rating. Sconce, «. I. Cover, shelter, protection. 2. Candle-holder, candelabrum. 3. Bulwark, fort, defence, block-house, fortifi- cation. 4. Helmet, head-piece. 5. Skull, head» 6. Brains, sense, judgment, discretion. 7. Mulct, fine, poll-tax. 8. Top, head. 9. Seat, shelf. Scoop, V. a. I. Empty with a scoop. 2. Lade out. 3. Excavate, hollow out, dig out. 4. Remove, leave hollow. Scooper, «. Avocet. Scope, n. I. Purpose, drift, tendency, aim, mark, intention, intent, design, object, view, end. 2. Room, space, vent, opportunity, margin, range, liberty, latitude, amplitude, free course, free play, full play. 3. Length, extent, sweep. Scorch, V. a. I. Burn superficially, singe, char, roast, parch, shrivel. 2. Bum, blister. Score, ft. I. Mark, incision, notch. 2. Account, charge, bill, debt, reckoning. 3. Reason, motive, ground, consideration, sake, account. 4. Twenty. Score, V. a. I. Mark, notch, furrow, cut, scratch. 2. Record, note, charge, set down. 3. Note, impute, charge. 4. Enter, register. Scoria, «. Dross, slag, recrement. Scoriae, «. //. Volcanic cinders, slaggy lavas. Scorn, V. a. Contemn, despise, disdain, scout, spurn, disregard, slight, hold in contempt. Scorn, V. n. Disdain. Scorn, ft. I. Contempt, disdain, derision, mock- ery, slight, sneer. 2. Mockery, derision, scoff. Scorner, «. Scoffer, derider, despiser, contemner, ridiculer, jeerer, mocker. Scomfnl, a. I. Contemptuous, disdainful, inso- lent. 2. Defiant, regardless, disdainful, contemptu- ous. Scot, ft. I. Tax, contribution, custom. 2. Payment, fine, mulct, contribution, reckon- ing, shot. 3. Scotchman, native of Scotland. Scotch, V. a. I. Cut {slightly), wound (super' ficialty), score, notch, scot, jag. 2. Stop {cis a -wheel, to preveftt it from rolling Back), block, prop, support. Scotch, a. Scottish. Scotch, «. Incision, cut, slit. Scotch-hopper, «. Hop-scotch. Scotchman, «. Scot, Scotsman, native of Scot- land. Scot-free, a. I. Untaxed, without payment, without expense, shot-free. 2. Unhurt, uninjured, clear, safe, shot-free. Scotticism, n. Scottish idiom. Scottish, a. Scotch. Scoundrel, «. Knave, rogue, villain, rascal, scamp, cheat, trickster, swindler, sharper, caitiff, vile wretch, miscreant, reprobate. Scoundrel, a. Base, mean, unprincipled, dis- graceful, low. Scoundrelism, «. Knavery, roguery, villany, rascality, turpitude, baseness. Scoundrelly, a. Base, mean, villanous, dis- graceful, knavish. Scour, V. a. I. Clean {by friction), brighten, rub hard, scrub, cleanse. 2. Clean, cleanse, whiten. 3. Range over, brush along, pass swiftly over. 4. Purge {^violently). SCOUR 371 SCRUPULOSITY 5. Rake, search closely. 6. Obliterate, efiface, cleanse away, remove. 7. Overrun, sweep clear, drive away. Scour, V. n. I. Clean {by rubbing). 2. Clean, cleanse. 3. Be purged. 4. Course, career, scamper, range, run swiftly. Scourge, «. I. Whip, lash, thong, strap, cow- hide, cord. 2. Punishment, affliction, curse, pest, bane, plague, annoyance, infliction, nuisance. Scourge, v. a- I. Lash, whip. 2. Punish, chastise, chasten, correct, afflict. 3. Harass, torment, afflict. Sconrger, «. Flagellant Scont, n. Spy. Scout, V. n. Act the spy. Scout, V. a. Ridicule, deride, disdain, despise, contemn, scorn, spurn, scoff at, laugh at, sneer at, hold in contempt, hoot at. Scowl, V ft. Frown, look angry, sour, or sullen, lower, glower Scowl, « I. Frown. 2. Gloom, threatening aspect. Scrabble, v. a. Scribble, scrawl, scratch. Scrabble, v. n. Scribble, scrawl. Scrabble, «. Scramble, struggle. Scragged, a. Rough, scraggy. ScraggedJiess, «. Leanness, roughness. Scragginess, «• Leanness, ruggedness, rough- ness. Scraggy, a. I. Rough, rugged, uneven, broken, craggy, scabrous, scragged. 2. Lean, thin, bony, lank, meagre, gaunt, angular, skinny, emaciated, attenuated, scranny, scrawny. Scramble, v. n. I. Struggle {as in climbing), scrabble. 2. Struggle, strive. 3. Climb {with difficulty), clamber. Scramble, «. Struggle, contest, scrabble. Scranny, a. {Local.) Thin, lank, meagre, scraggy, scrawny . Scrap, n. I. Fragment, bit, little piece, small part, scantling. 2. Crumb, morsel, bite, mouthful, bit, frag- ment. Scrap-book, ». Album. Scrape, v. a. I. Rub or abrade {with something edged), grate harshly over, rasp. 2. Gather, collect, acquire, save. 3. Remove, erase. 4. Clean (by rubbing). Scrape, «. Difficulty, perplexity, distress, embar- rassment, predicament. Scrape acquaintance. Make acquaintance, make one's self acquainted. Scratch, v. a I. Mark with a scratch or with scratches. 2. Wound slightly {as with the nails). 3. Scribble, write carelessly. 4. Dig {with the claws), excavate. 5. Obliterate, expunjge, erase, rub out. Scratch, «. I. Incision {slight and ragged), laceration, slight wound. 2. Slight furrow, score. 3. Scratch-wig, small wig, periwig, peruke. Scratch-cradle, «. Cat's cradle, cratch-cradle. Scratch-wig, «. Scratch, periwig, peruke, small wig- Scrawl, V. a. Scribble, scrabble, scratch, write carelessly. Scrawl, V. n. Scribble, scrabble. Scrawl, n. Scribble, scratch, inelegant writing. Scrawler, «. Scribbler. Scrawny, a. {Collo^.) Thin, lank, meagre, scraggy, scranny, wasted, raw-boned. Scray* n. Sea-swallow, common tero (Sterna hirundo). Scream, v. «. Shriek, screech, cry out {in a shrill voice). Scream, «. Shriek, screech, yell, outcry, shrill cry. Screech, v. n. Shriek, scream, scritch. Screech, n. See Scream, n Screed, «. [Scotch.} I. Rent, tear. 2. Fragment, shred. 3. Harangue, tirade. Screen, «. I. Protection, guard, defence, shield. 2. Veil, disguise, cloak, cover. 3. Sieve, riddle. Screen, v. a. I. Hide, shelter, cover, conceal, shroud, mask, cloak, protect, fence, defend. 2. Riddle, sift. Screw, n. Miser, niggard, curmudgeon, skinflint, extortioner, churl, codger, scrimp, hunks, lick- penny, muckworm, sordid wretch, mean fellow. Screw, V. a. I. Wrench, squeeze, press, twist, force. 2. Rack, raise extortionately, oppress. 3. Distort. Screw-jack, «. Jack. Screw-shapied, a. Cochleary, cochleated, spiral, helical, winding. Screw-Steamer, «. Propeller. Scribble, v. n. Scrawl, scrabble, scratch. Scribbler, «. I. Scrawler. 2. Petty author. Scribe, «• I. Writer, penman, chirographer, chirographist. 2. Clerk, secretary, notary, amanuensis, copy- ist, scrivener. Scrimmage, n. Skirmish, scuffle, brawl, riot. Scrimp, a. Scanty, narrow, contracted, deficient. Scrimp, v. a. Scant, contract, curtail, pinch, limit, straiten, reduce, shorten. Scrip, «. I. Wallet, satchel, small bag. 2. Certificate, schedule. 3. Certificate of stock. Scriptural, a. Biblical, Scripture, of the Scrip- tures, of the Bible. Scripture^ «. I. Writing, document, inscription, manuscript, book, 2. The Scriptures, the Bible, the Holy Scrip- tures, Scripture, a. See Scriptural. Scriptures, «./»/. [With The prefixed.] The Bible, the Holy Scriptures, Scripture, Holy Writ, the word of God. Scrivener, «. Vfnitr {by profession), scribe. Scrofula, «, Struma, king's evil. Scroll, n. I. Schedule, list, roll of paper or parchment. 2. Flourish, paraph. 3. Volute, spiral ornament. Scrub, V. a. Scour, cleanse, clean, rub hard. Scrub, V. n. Work hard. Scrub, n. I. Mean fellow. 2. Brushwood, underwood, underbrush. Scrub, a. Mean, niggardly, contemptible, scrubby, shabby. Scrubbed, a. See Scrubby. Scrubby, a. I. Vile, mean, pitiful, poor, shabby, sorry, miserable, despicable, worthless, small, insignificant. 2. Small, diminutive, puny, stunted, dwarfed, dwarfish, pygmy, pygmean. Scrunch, y. a. I. Crush, crunch, scranch. 2. Grind down, oppress. Scruple, n. I. Hesitation, hesitancy, perplexity, qualm, nicety, delicacy. 2. Twenty grains. Scruple, V. n. Hesitate, doubt, waver. Scmpotosity, n. Nicety, niceness, delicacy, coo. SCRUPULOUS 372 SEAR scientiousness, punctiliousness, scrupulousness, preciseness, caution, nice regard to propriety, ten- derness of conscience. Scrupttlons, a. I. Conscientious, punctilious, strict, nice. 2. Cautious, careful, exact, vigilant, circum- spect. 3. Exact, precise, rigorous, punctilious. Scmpulousness, «. See Sckupulosity. Scrutinize, v. a. Examine, investigate, search, canvass, study, sift, explore, overhaul, probe, dis- sect, look into, search into, pry into, inquire into. Scruttn^, «. Search, examination, investigation, inquisition, exploration, sifting, inspection, search- ing or careful inquiry, close search, critical exam- ination. Scud, V. n. I. Flee, run, speed, trip, hie, post, scamper, haste, hasten, fly. 2. {Naut.) Drive before a gale. Scuddle, V. n. Scuttle, hurry, bustle, run about {in affecting to be busy). Scuff, f . «. Shuffle. Scuffle, V. n. Struggle {in a disorderly manner), contend, fight, strive (as in a close embrace). Scuffle, n. Contest {of a disorderly kind), struggle, fight, rencounter, encounter, broil, fray, brawl, quarrel, squabble, wrangle, altercation, set-to. Sculk, V. n. [Written also Skulk.] Lurk. Scull, n. I. Boat, cock-boat. 2. Short oar. 3. Skull, brain-pan. Scullery, «. Back-kitchen. Scullion, n. Mean fellow, worthless fellow Sculpture, n. I. Statuary, plastic art. 2. Carved work Sculpture, v. a. I. Carve, chisel, cut, sculp. 2. Engrave, grave. Scum, «. Froth, dross, refuse, recrement, scoria. Scurf, a. I. {Med.) Miliary scab. 2. Soil, stain, foul remains. Scur^, a. Scabby, scabbed, scurvy, scaly, lenti- ginous, furfuraceous. Scurrlle, a. Low, mean, scurrilous, grossly op- probious, lewdly jocose. Scurrilous, a. I. Abusive, scurrile, reproachful, opprobrious, vituperative, insulting, insolent, con- tumelious, ribald, blackguard, indecent, offen- sive, infamous, foul, foul-mouthed. 2. Low, mean, vile, foul, coarse, vulgar, gross, obscene. Scurry, v. n. Hurry, hasten, move rapidly, scutter. Scurry, n. Haste, hurry, impetuosity. Scurvily, ad. Meanly, basely, coarsely, vilely. Scurviness, «. Meanness, vileness, baseness. Scurvy, a. I. Scurfy, scabbed, scabby. 2. Vile, mean, low, vulgar, base, bad, sorry, contemptible, despicable, worthless, pitiful, abject. 3. Offensive, mischievous, malicious. Scutate, a. Clypeiform, shield-shaped, buckler- shaped. Scutcheon, «. Shield, escutcheon, ensign armorial, emblazoned shield. Scutter, V. n. Scurry, run, hurry. Scuttle, V. n. Hurry, bustle, scuddle, run {a/- /ecting^ to be busy). SC3anitar, «. [Written also Cimeter, Cimitar, Cymetar, Scimetar, Scimitar, and Simitar. \ Oriental sword. Sea, n. I. Ocean, main, the deep, the great deep. 2. Wave, billow, surge. 3. Ocean, flood, large quantity. Sea-ape, «. Sea-fox, fox-shark. Sea-bar, ». Sea-swallow. Sea-bear, «. White bear, Polar bear. Sea-biscuit, «. Ship-biscuit. Sea-board, «. Beach, strand, shore, sea-coast, sea-shore, coast -line. Sea-cabbage, «. Sea-kale, sea-colewort {Crambe tnaritima). Sea-calf, «. Seal, ^hoca. Sea-card, n. Compass, mariner's card. Sea-coal, «. Mineral coal, pit coal Sea-coast, «. Sea-board, beach, strand, shore, coast. Sea-colewort, «. See Sea-cabbage. Sea-cow, «. I. Walrus, morse, sea-horse {Triche- chus rostnarus), 2. Manatee, lamantine. 3. Dugong, halicore. Sea-crawfish, «. Spiny lobster. Sea-cucumber, «. Trepang, sea-slug, sea-pud- ding, beche-de-mer . Sea-dog, «. I. Dog-fish. 2. Sea-calf, seal. 3. Old sailor, salt {colloq. ). Sea-egg, «. Sea-urchin, sea-hedgehog. Sea-elephant, «. Elephant-seal {Macrorhinus proboscideus)- Seafarer, «. Mariner, seaman, sailor, tar, sea- faring man. Sea-fennel, «. Samphire. Sea-fox, n. Thresher, sea-ape, fox-shark {A lopias vulpes). Sea-hog, «. Porpoise. Sea-horse, «. (Zw/.) I. Walrus, morse, sea- cow ( Trichechus rosmarus) 2. Hippocampus. Sea-kale, «. See Sea-cabbagh. Sea-king, «. Viking. Seal, n. I. Stamp. 2. Wax, wafer, fastening. 3. Attestation, authentication, confirmation, ratification, assurance, pledge. 4. Sea-calf, tang-fish, /A^ca. Seal, V. a. I. Close, fasten, secure. 2. Confirm, ratify, establish, sanction, authenti- cate, attest. 3. Keep close, keep secret, shut close, make fast. 4. Enclose, confine, imprison. Sea-lion, «. Seal. Sea-loach, n. Rockling, whistle-fish, three- bearded cod, three-bearded gade {Motella vul- garis). Seal-ring, «. Signet-ring. Seam, «. I. Suture, commissure, joint, line of juncture. 2. Fissure, crevice. 3. {Mining.) Thin layer, stratum, or bed; narrow vein. 4. Scar, cicatrice, cicatrix. Seam, v. a. I. Unite, join together. 2. Scar, mark with a cicatrix, line. Sea-maid, n. I. Mermaid, siren. 2. Sea-nymph, water-nymph. Seaman, n. Sailor, mariner, seafarer, seafaring man, tar. Sea-mew, «. Mew, gull, cob, sea-cob, sea-mall, sea-mell, sea-mule. Seamstress, «. Sempstress, needle-woman. S6ance, «. [Fr.] Session, sitting. Sea-needle, «. Gar-fish, snook, greenbnne, par- pike, snacot, sea-pike, long-nose, gore-bill, sword- fish, mackerel-guide {Esox belone or Belone vul- garis). Sea-pike, «• See Sea-needle. Sear, v. a. I. Dry, wither. 2. Cauterize, burn with a hot iron, burn with cautery, scorch. 3. Make callous, make insensible. SEAR 373 SECURITY 4. Brand. SeftTt a- ^ry* withered, sere. Search^ v. a. I. Examine, explore, scrutinize, investigate, overhaul, sift, inspect, look into, search into, pry into, peer into. 2. Inquire after, seek, look for. 3. Probe. 4. Examine, try, test. Search, v. n. I. Seek, look, make search, hunt. 2. Inquire, make inquiry. Searcllr «• Examination, inquiry, scrutiny, re- search, exploration, investigation, quest, pursuit, inspection, seeking. Searcher, «. Seeker, explorer, examiner, in- quirer, investigator, trier. Searching, a. I. Penetrating, trying, close, keen. 2. Exploring, examining, inquiring, seeking, investigating, probing. Searchless, a. Unsearchable, inscrutable. Seared, a. I. Cauterized, burnt on the surface. 2. Hardened, callous, impenitent, unrepent- ant, obdurate, graceless, incorrigible, shameless, irreclaimable. Searedness, n. Hardness, insensibility. Sea-robber, « Pirate, corsair, buccaneer, pica- roon, sea-rover, sea-thief. Sea-rover, «• See Sea-robber, Sea-salt, « Common salt {obtaimd by evapo- rating sea-water), chloride of sodium, muriate of soda. Sea-scape, «. Sea-piece, sea-picture. Sea-shore, «. Beach, strand, shore, sea-coast. Sea-sickness, «. Nausea {caused by the tossing of a vessel at sea). Sea-slug, n. Trepang, sea-cucumber, becAe-de- tner. Season, ». I. Period of the year. 2. Time, conjuncture, fit time, convenient time, suitable time. 3. While, time, spell, terra, interval, period. Season, v. a. I. Habituate, accustom, acclima- tize, mature, inure, harden, form, train, fit by habit. 2. Prepare, fit. 3. Make palatable, give relish to, spice. 4. Moderate, temper, qualify. 5. Gratify, tickle. 6. Taint, tinge, imbue. Season, v. n. Be seasoned, become seasoned.^ Seasonable, a. Timely, opportune, fit, convenient, suitable, appropriate. Seasonably, ad. In due time, sufficiently early, in season, opportunely. Seasoning, n. Condiment, relish, sauce, salt. Sea-swine, «. Porpoise. Seat, «. I. Place, station, site, situation. 2. Abode, dwelling, residence, mansion, house. 3. Bottom, fundament. Seat, V. a. I. Place, station, locate, establish, fix, set, settle, situate. 2. Cause to sit. 3. Fix, set firm. Sea-tortoise, «. Turtle, marine tortoise. Sea-tront, «. Hirling, salmon-trout (Sa/ma trutta). Sea-unicorn, «. Narwhal, unicorn-fish, unicorn- whale [Monodon tnonoceros). Sea-urchin, «. Sea-e<»p. sea-hedgehoR, echinus. Sea-water, «. Salt-water, water of the sea. SebaceotIS, a. Fat, fatty, unctuous, greasy, oily, oleaginous, adipose. Secant, a. Cutting, dividing. Secede, v. n. Withdraw, retire, draw off, Seceder, «. Sectary, separatist. Secession, «. I. withdrawal, separation. 2. Departure. Seclude, V. a. I. Separate (from society), keep apart. 2. Shut out, exclude, repel. Secluded, a. Retired, withdrawn, close, seques> tered, iso-ated, private. Seclusion, «. Separation, retirement, privacy, secrecy, obscurity, solitude, wiihdrawnient. Second, a. I. Next to the first (m place or in titfte). 2. Other. 3. Secondary, inferior. Second, n. I. Maiutainer, supporter, helper, as- sistant, backer. 2. Sixtieth part of a minute. Second, V. a. I. Support, help, forward, assist, aid, promote, back, encourage, abet, further, advance, stand by, side with, take part with. 2. Approve, favor, support. Secondary, a. Subordinate, inferior, minor. Secondary^ n. Deputy, delegate, proxy. Second-sight, «. Prophetic vision. Secrecy, «. I. Concealment, privacy, stealth. 2. Seclusion, retirement, privacy, solitude, separation. Secret, a. I. Hidden, hid, concealed, covert, privy, close, covered, shrouded, veiled, unseen, unknown, unrevealed, mysterious, cryptic. 2. Clandestine, sly, underhand, underhanded, concealed, hidden, privy, stealthy. 3. Secluded, retired, private, unseen, hid, con- cealed, privy. 4. Occult, mysterious, latent, obscure, recon- dite, abstruse, unknown, hidden. Secret, «. I. Something concealed. 2. Mystery Secretary, «. I. Scribe, clerk, writer. 2. Escritoire, writing-desk. Secrete, v. a. I. Hide, conceal, shroud, bury, disguise. 2. Separate {as from blood or sap), secern. Secretive, a. Reserved, reticent, close, uncom- municative, cautious, wary, taciturn. Secretly, ad. Privately, privily, underhand. Sect, n. Denomination, school. Sectarian, a. Party, schismatical, exclusive, narrow, intolerant. Sectarian, «. Sectary, partisan, schismatic. Sectary* «. I. Dissenter, non-conformist. 2. Separatist, schismatic, seceder, sectarian. Section, n I. Division, portion, part. 2. Segment, portion, part, ijiece. Sectional, a. [Modem.] Partial, exclusive, nar- row, selfish, party. Secular, a. Temporal, worldly, profane, lay, laic, laical. Secularism, «. See Secularity. Secularity, «. Worldliness, secularism, secular* ness, worldly-mindedness. Seculamess, «. See Secularity. Secxmdines, « //. Afterbirth, placenta. Secundum artem. fL.] Skilfully, cleverW, well Secure, a. I. Certain, sure, assured, confident. 2. Safe, free from danger, protected, insured. 3. Fixed, fast, stable, immovable. 4. Careless, unsuspecting, undisturbed, easy. 5. Over-confident, incautious, careless, inat- tentive, heedless, negligent. 6. Confident, relying, depending. Secure, v. a. I. Guard, protect, make safe. 2. Insure, assure, ensure, guarantee, make sure, make certain, make sure of. 3. Fasten, make fast.^ 4. Get, acquire, gain, procure, obtain, get possession of. Security, «. I. Safety. 2. Protection, safeguard, defence, shelter, guard, bulwark, palladium. SEDATE 374 SELDOM 3. Pledge, pawn, deposit, surety, stake, guar- antee, warranty, bond. 4. Carelessness, heedlessness, over-confidence, negligence. 5. Certainty, assuredness, confidence, ease, assurance- Sedate, a. Calm, composed, collected, quiet, placid, serene, tranquil, still, unruffled, undis- turbed, settled, imperturbable, sober, serious, stoid, demure, cool, philosophical, contemplative, grave, thoughtful. S^iative, a. Soothing, tranquillizing, allaying, composing, anodyne, calming, assuasive, as- suaging, lenient, lenitive, demulcent, balmy. Sedative, «. Opiate, anodyne, narcotic, anaes- thetic, hypnotic. Sedent, a. Sitting, inactive, quiet. Sedentary, a. Inactive, motionless, sluggish, torpid. Sedge, «. Reed, flag. Sediment, «. Dregs, lees, settlings, grounds, precipitate. Sedition, «. Insurrection, riot, rising, rebellion, revolt, tumult, mutiny, uproar. Seditious, a. Rebellious, mutinous, refractory, insurgent, tumultuous, factious, riotous, incendi- ary, turbulent. Seduce, v. a. Allure, decoy, entice, attract, tempt, inveigle, mislead, lead astray, ensnare, corrupt, deprave, deceive, train. Seducement, «. See Seduction. Seduction, «. I. Enticement, allurement, se- ducement, solicitation, attraction, temptation, witchery. 2. Lure, decoy, bait, temptation. Seductive, a. Enticing, alluring, tempting, at- tractive. SeduUty, «• See Sedulousness. Sedulous, a. Diligent, assiduous, industrious, laborious, active, busy, notable, persevering, painstaking, unremitting, diligently employed, busily engaged. Sedulousness, n. Assiduity, assiduousness, in- dustry, diligence, sedulity. See, n. I. Diocese. 2. Papal court. See, V. a. I. Behold, descry, view. 2. Perceive, notice, observe, discern, distin- guish, know, remark, comprehend, understand, conceive. 3. Visit, call on. 4. Regard, look to, care for, give attention to, attend to, beware. 5. Attend, escort, wait upon, accompany. 6. Experience, feel, suffer, know, meet with. See, V. ft. I. Look. 2. Inquire, examine, notice, mark, observe, distinguish, consider. 3. Take heed, take care, be careful, beware, be attentive, pay attention. 4. Perceive, penetrate, discern, understand, look. See, interj. Look, lo, behold, observe. See at)0Ut. Consider, take into consideration, pay attention to it. Seed, «. I. Semen, sperm. 2. {Bot.') Y.mhryo {with its envelope or peri- carp), matured ovule, kernel, grain. 3. Original, first principle, germ. 4. Progeny, offspring, descendants, children. 5. Race, generation, birth. Seeded, a. I. Matured, full-grown. 2. Sown, sprinkled with seed. Seediness, ». Shabbiness( n. I. Feeling, sensitiveness, suscep- tibility, impressibility. 2. Delicacy of feeling, tender feeling, quick emotion. Sensible, a. I. Perceptible {by any of the senses or by the mind), apprehensible, that makes an impression. 2. Cognizant, observant, aware, conscious, convinced, persuaded, satisfied. 3. Judicious, wise, discreet, sage, sagacious, reasonable, intelligent, rational, sober, sound, understanding. 4. Sensitive. 5. Impressible. Sensitive, a. I. Sentient, perceptive. 2. Impressible, easily affected. Sensitize, v. a. {Photography.) Make sensitive to light. Sensual > a. I. Camal, fleshly, unspiritual. 2. Voluptuous, luxurious. 3. Lewd, dissolute, licentious. Sensualist, «. Voluptuary, epicure, sybarite, free- liver, man of pleasure. Sensuality, «. I. Voluptuousness, carnality. 2. Lewdness, dissoluteness, licentiousness. Sensuous, a. Affecting the senses {mediately or immediately), that concerns sensible objects or impressions derived from the senses, material. Sentence, «. I. Decision, judgment, determina- tion, opinion. 2. Dogma, doctrine, tenet, opinion. 3. {Common Law.) Condemnation, doom, judgment passed on a criminal. 4. {Civil and Admiralty Law.) Judicial decree. 5. Period, proposition. 6. Maxim, axiom, apothegm. Sentence, v. a. Doom, condemn, pass judgment upon. Sententious, a. Pithy, terse, laconic, succinct, concise, compendious, didactic, pointed, compact, full of meaning, very expressive, to the point, short and energetic. SententiOUSly, ad. Expressively, pithily, tersely, concisely. Sententiousness, n. Pithiness, terseness, point, vigor, compactness. Sentient, a. Perceiving, perceptive, sensitive, feeling. SenHmenty n. I. Feeling, sensibility, tenderness, emotion, tender susceptibility. 2. Thought {prompted by feeling), opinion, notion, judgment. 3. Saying, maxim, striking remark. 4. Thought, feeling, disposition, state of mind. Sentimental, a. I. Tender, impressible, roman- tic 2. Sententious, didactic, thoughtful. 3. Pathetic, romantic. Sentimentalism, n. Sentimentality, affectation of sentiment, affected sensibility. Sentimentality, ». See Sbntimentalism. Sentinel, «. Watchman, guard, sentry, guards- man. Sentry, n I. See Sentinel. 2. Watch, guard, watch and ward. Separability, «. Divisibility. Separable, a. Divisible, discerpible. Separate, v. a. I. Disjoin, disunite, part, divide, sever, dissever, detach, disconnect, disengage. 2. Sever, sunder, lie between, hold apart. 3. Withdraw, remove, eliminate, set apart. Separate, v. n. I. Part, divide, be divided, be disunited, be separated, sunder. 2. Cleave, open, be divided. Separate, a. I. Disjoined, disconnected, disso- ciated, detached, disjointed, disunited, parted, divided, severed. 2. Unconnected, distinct 3. Alone, withdrawn. 4. Disunited, incorporeal. Separately, ad. Distinctly, singly, apart. Separation, «. I. Disjunction, dissociation. 2. Disunion, disconnection, division. 3. Analysis, decomposition, disunion. 4. Divorce, disunion. Separatist, «. Sectary, schismatic, dissenter, se- ceder, non-conformist. Separator, «, Divider. Sepia, n. I. Cuttle-fish. 2. India ink. Sept, n. Tribe, clan, race, family, generation. Septentrion, «. The north. Septentrional, a. Northern. Septilateral, a. Seven-sided. Septuple, a. Sevenfold Sepulchral, a. I. Monumental. 2. Funereal, mournful, sombre, sad, woful, gloomy, dismal, lugubrious, melancholy, deep, grave, hollow. Sepulchre, n. Tomb, ^rave, ossuary, charnel- house, burial vatilt, burial-place, sepulture. Sepulchre, v. a. Bury, inter, entomb. Sepulture, «. I. Burial, interment, inhumation. 2. Grave, burial-place, sepulchre, tomb. SeQUel, n. I. Continuation, succeeding part. 2. Close, conclusion, termination, denouement. 3. Consequence, event, issue, upshot, result Sequence, «. I. Succession, following. 2. Order of succession, arrangement. 3. Series, succession. Sequester, v. a. I. Separate, set aside, seques- trate. 2. Remove, put aside, sejjarate, set apart 3. Withdraw, seclude, retire. Sequestered, a- I. {Law.) Seized and detained. 2. Private, retired, secluded, withdrawn, hid- den, unfrequented. 3. Separated, set apart Sequestrate, v. a. I. Sequester, set aside. 2. {International Law.) Confiscate. Sequestration, «• I. Separation, seclusion, retire- ment. 2. Separation. Seraglio, «. I. The Sultan's palace. 2. Harem. Seraphic, a. I. Angelic, celestial, heavenly, sublime. 2. Pure, refined, holy. Sere, a. Dry, withered. See Sear. Serene, a. I. Calm, quiet, placid, tranquil, un- ruffled, peaceful, composed, undisturbed, col- lected, sedate. 2. Clear, fair, bright, calm, unclouded. Serenely, ad. I. Calmly, quietly. 2. Coolly, deliberately. Serenity, «• I. Calmness, peacefulness, tran- quillity, collectedness, sedateness, composure, coolness, calm, peace. SERF 377 SET AT NAUGHT 2. Clearness, fairness, brightness, calmness, stillness, quietness, peace. 3. Peace, quietness, tranquillity, calm. Serft n. Slave {attached to the soil), bondman, thrall, bond-servant, villein. Seifdom, n. Enslavement, slavery, servitude, bondage, thraldom, enthralment, subjection, serfage. Serial, a. Successive, consecutive, continuous, continued. Serialj «. Periodical. Seriatim, ad. [L.] In a series, in order, one after another. Series, «. Succession, order, sequence, course, line, concatenation. Serious, a. I. Grave, solemn, sedate, staid, sober, earnest, demure- 2. Important, weighty, great, momentous, grave. 3. In earnest. 4. Dangerous Seriously, ad. Gravely, solemnly, in earnest. Seriousness, n. Gravity, solemnity, soberness, earnestness. Sermon, «. Homily, exhortation, religious dis- course. Sermonlns;, «. Advice, instruction, discourse. Sermonize, v. n. Preach, discourse. Serous, a. Thin (as parts of animal fluids), watery, serose. Serpent. « Snake. Serpentine, a, Windmg, meandering, crooked, anfractuous, spiral, tortuous, undulating, sinu- ous, twisted- Serpentine, n. Ophite, green porphyry. Serrate, 1 a. Notched, indented, toothed, den- Serrated, I ticulated, jagged. Serried, a. Close, compacted, crowded. Servant, «. I. Servitor, attendant, retainer, subaltern, dependant, subordinate helper. 2. Menial, domestic, drudge, slave. Servant-maid, «. Maid-servant, servant-girl, female domestic, serving-maid- Serve, v. a. I. Work for, labor for, be under the orders of, be subservient to, obey, subserve. 2. Aid, assist, help, succor, attend, oblige, wait on, minister to. 3. Promote, advance, forward, benefit, con- tribute to, be of use to, conduce to, assist, be sufficient for. 4. Satisfy, content, be sufficient for. 5. Treat, behave toward, requite, act toward. 6. Manage, manipulate, handle, work. 7. Wait on, attend, supply («//M food). 8. Place, arrange, bring forward, deal, dis- tribute 9. Be in lieu of, answer, do duty for. 10. Comply with, yield to, submit to. Serve, v. «. I. Be a servant, be a slave, be in bondage, be in subjection. 2. Obey, be dutiful, perform duty. 3. Answer, do, be sufficient, be of use. 4. Suit, be convenient, be suitable. 5. Attend, wait on. 6. Act, discharge the requirements of, officiate, minister. Serve one's time. Be an apprentice, serve one's apprenticeship. SezVice, ». I. Labor(/i7ra«o/'Afr), work, menial duties. 2. Duty, office, business, emplovment 3. Benefit, advantage, profit, gain, good. 4. Use, utility, avail, useful office, purpose. 5. Homage, mark of respect. 6. Office of devotion, religious rite. 7. Official function. 8. Spiritual obedience, reverence, love. 9. Office of devotion, religious rite. 10. Furniture. Serviceable, a. I. Useful, helpful, profitable, advantageous, convenient, beneficial, available, operative. 2. Active, diligent, officious. Service-berryt «- June-berry, shad-bush {Atne- lanchier Canadensis). Service-book, « Missal, prayer-book, mass-book. Servile, a. I. Dependent, menial, held in bond- age, held in slavery, held in subjection. 2. Slavish, mean, base, cringing, obsequious, fawning, supple, grovelling, sycophantic, abject, low, Ijeggarly, sneaking, base-minded, low- minded, meanly submissive. Servility, «. I. Slavery, bondage, dependence- 2. Slavishness, baseness, meanness, abject- ness, abjection, obsequiousness, fawning, syco- phancy- Servitor, n. Servant, attendant, dependant, re- tainer, squire, lackey, valet, waiter, footman. Servitude, «. Slavery, bondage, thraldom, en- thralment, enslavement, serfdom, service. Sesame, n. Benne, oil-plant. Sesqul-carbonate of ammonia. Sal-volatile, smelling-salts, carbonate of ammonia. Session, «. Sitting {of a court., of a legislature^ etc.). Set, V. a. I. Put, place, plant, station, locate. 2. Fix, establish, settle, appoint. 3. Stake, wager, risk. 4. Regulate, adjust, adapt. 5. Stud, variegate, adorn. 6. Place, place upright, cause to sit, put, rest. 7. Arrange, dispose, station, post. 8. Fix, determine- 9. Prescribe, appoint, assign, predetermine. 10. Value, estimate, rate, prize. 11. Plant, transplant. 12. Stud, adorn, variegate. 13. Embarrass, perplex, pose. 14. Impart, attach, join with, add to. 15. Write, note. 16. Oppose. 17. Offer for sale, expose. 18. Contrive, produce. 19. Sharpen, bring to an edge. 20. Replace {as a broken bone). Set, V. n. I. Decline, sink, go down {as the sun). 2. Concrete, congeal, solidify, harden, con- solidate. 3. Flow, run, tend. 4. Plant. Set. a. I. Regular, formal, established, pre- scribed, settled, appointed, ordained. 2. Determined, firm, unyielding, obstinate, fixed, stiff, positive. 3. Predetermined, fixed beforehand. 4. Immovable, fixed. 5. Placed, put, located, fixed. * 6. Regular, well-arranged. Set, n. I. Suit, assortment, collection. 2. Group, school, class, sect, party, knot, divi- sion, cluster, company, clique, coterie. 3. Attitude, position, posture. Set about. Begin, commence, take in hand, apply one's self to, take the first steps in. Setaceous, a. Bristly, setous, setose. Set apart. Reserve {/or a particular use), ap- propriate, dedicate, consecrate, devote, set aside. Set aside. I. Reserve, set apart. 2. Omit, leave out of the account. 3. Reject. 4. Abrogate, annul. Set at defiance. Defy. Set at ease. Quiet, tranquillize. Set at naught. I. Contemn, despise, undervalue. SET BEFORE 878 SEVERITY 2. Break, infringe, transgress, violate. Set before. Exhibit, dispiay. Set by. Reject, dismiss, put aside. Set-down, «. Rebuff, rebuke, reprehension. Set down. Register, record, state, put in writing, chronicle, make a note of, jot down, take down, make a memorandum of. Set eyes on. Behold. Set fire to. Kindle, inflame, ignite, set on fire. Set forth. I. Manifest, exhibit, display, show, put forward. 2. Publish, promulgate, make appear. 3. Explain, expound, represent, show, make known. Set forward. Advance, promote, further. Set free. Liberate, release, emancipate, disen- thrall, clear, acquit. Set in. I. Flow in. 2. Be fairly begun, be estabUshed. Set in order. Adjust, arrange, reduce to method. Set off. {Active.) I. Portion oft, define the boundaries of. 2. Adorn, decorate, embellish. Set off. (Neuter.) Start, set out. Set-off, «. I. Decoration, ornament, embellish- ment, adornment. 2. Off-set. 3. Counter-claim, counter-balance, equiva- lent. 4. {Law.) Counter-claim, cross-debt, cross- demand. Set on. I. Incite, instigate, prompt, encourage, spur, urge, impel, influence, actuate. 2. Attack, assault, set upon. Set on fire. Inflame, kindle, ignite, set fire to. Set on foot. Originate, begin, set in motion, start, set going. Set out. {Active.) I. Adorn, decorate, embel- lish. 2. Allot, assign. 3. Publish, proclaim, issue. 4. Raise, equip, furnish. 5. Show, display, recommend- 6. Show, prove. 7. Recite, state. Set out. {Neuter.) Start, set off. Set-out, «. {Colloq.) I. Preparations. 2. Clique, set, company. 3. Equipage, turn-out, display. Set over. I. Assign, transfer, convey. 2. Appoint. Set right. Correct, put in order. Set store by. Esteem highly, regard much, place a high value on, think a good deal of. Setter-on, «. Inciter, instigator. Settle, «. Bench, seat, stool. Settle, V. a. I. Fix, establish. 2. Decide, determine, make clear, free from doubt, confirm. 3. Adjust, regulate, arrange, compose. 4. Colonize, people. 5. Liquidate, pay, discharge, close up, balance, adjust. 6. {U. S.\ Ordain as pastor. 7. Clarify, defecate, fine, clear. 8. Compose, quiet, tranquillize, calm, still, allay, pacify. 9. Set, fix, confirm. 10. Place, establish, make permanent. 11. Adjust, arrange, finish, close up. Settle, V. n. I. Subside, sink, fall. 2. Rest, repose, be quiet, be tranquil, be composed. 3. Dwell, abide, inhabit, reside, plant one's self, get established. 4. Account, reckon, square accounts, satisfy all demands. Settled, a. I. Fixed, established, stable. 2. Deep-rooted, unchanging, steady, decided, firmly seated. 3. Arranged, adjusted. 4. Quiet, orderly, methodical. 5. Established, ordinary, common, wonted, usual, customary, everyday. Settlement, «. I. Adjustment, arrangement. 2. Reconciliation, pacification. 3. Liquidation, payment, discharge. 4. Colonization. 5. Colony. 6. Ordination, installation, establishment, fixture. Settle on. I. Fix on, fix upon, determine on. 2. Establish one's habitation upon. Settler, «. Colonist. Settling, n. I. Planting, colonizing. 2. Subsidence. Settlings, «. //. Lees, dregs, sediment. Set the hand to. Undertake, engage in. Set the heart upon. Long for earnestly, fix one's desires upon. Set-to, «. (Colloq) Fight, combat, contest, con- flict. Set to rights. Adjust, regulate, put in order, put to rights. Set up. {Active.) I. Erect, raise, elevate. 2. Exalt, raise, put in power. 3. Institute, establish, found. 4. Put in type. 5. Raise. 6. Advance, propose. 7. Fix, establish. Set Up. {Neuter.) I. Begin business. 2. Profess, make pretensions to. Set upon. Attack, assault, assail, have at, fly at, rush upon. Sever, x>. a. I. Part, divide, separate, sunder. 2. Disjoin, disunite, sunder, separate, divide. 3. Disjoin, disunite, detach, separate, divide, disconnect Several, a. I. Separate, distinct, independent, exclusive. 2. Single, individual, particular. 3. Various, manifold, different, diverse, dis- tinct. 4. Sundry, divers. Severally, ad. Separately, distinctly. Severance, «. Separation, partition. Severe, a. I. Rigid, stem, strict, sharp, harsh, bitter, austere, rigorous, stiff, strait-laced, hard, unrelenting, relentless, inexorable, peremptory, censorious, cruel, bitter, morose. 2. Strict, exact, accurate, methodical. 3. Simple, plain, unadorned, chaste. 4. Caustic, satirical, sarcastic, keen, cutting, stinging, biting, sharp, harsh, bitter, cruel, trenchant. 5. Distressing, afflictive, acute, violent, ex- treme, intense, sharp. 6. Serious, earnest, sedate, grave, austere, sober. 7. Exact, critical, rigorous, hard. Severely, ad. I. Harshly, sharply, sternly, rig- idly. 2. Strictly, rigorously. 3. Painfully, fiercely, extremely, distressingly, afflictively. Severity, «. I. Sternness, harshness, rigor, aus- terity, gravity, strictness 2. Strictness, exactness, accuracy. 3. Simplicity, plainness. 4. Sharpness, keenness, causticity, acrimony. 5. Extremity, afflictiveness, violence, keen- ness. 6. Harshness, cruel treatment. SEW 879 SHANTY 7. Exactness, rigor, niceness, rigorousness. Sew, V. n. Work with needle and thread, stitch. Sew, V. a. Stitch. Sewage, »■ I. Contents of a sewer. 2. Drainage, sewerage. Sewer, n. Drain, subterranean canal. Sewerage, «. I. Drainage, sewage. 2. Sewage, contents of a sewer. Sexangle, «. Hexagon. Sextuple, a. Sixfold. Shabby, a. I. Ragged, worn, faded, threadbare, worn out, poor, mean. 2. Mean, base, low, despicable, contemptible, beggarly, paltry, unhandsome, ungentlemanly. Shackle, n. Fetter, gyve, chain, handcuff, man- acle. Shackle, v. a. I. Fetter, chain, manacle, ham- per, gyve. 2. Trammel, embarrass, obstruct, impede, re- strict, bind, confine, cumber. Shad-bush, «. June-berry, shad-berry, service- berry {A melancnier Canadensis). Shade, n. I. Shadow, umbrage. 2. Darkness, obscurity, dusk, duskiness, gloom. 3. Screen, curtain, veil. 4. Protection, shelter, cover. 5. Color, hue, tint. 6« Degree, kind, variety, minute difference. 7. Ghost, spirit, apparition, spectre, phantom, manes, shadow. Shade, V. a. I. Obscure, cloud, darken, eclipse, dim, obfuscate. 2. Screen, cover, protect, shelter. 3. Darken. 4. Shelter, hide, ensconce, protect, screen. Shades, ». //. Hades, spirit-world, sheol^ invisi- ble world of the ancients. Shadiness, ». Umbrageousness. Shadow, n. I. Shade, umbrage. 2. Darkness, obscurity, gloom, shade. 3. Shelter, cover, protection, security. 4* Image, adumbration, representation, pre- figuration, foreshowing. 5. Spirit, ghost, shade, phantom. 6. Image, portrait, reflection. Shadow, V. a. I. Shade. 2. Darken, obscure, cloud. 3. Typify, adumbrate, body forth. 4. Protect, shroud, screen, cover, conceal, hide. 5. Typify, symbolize. Shadow forth. Typify, symbolize, represent, in- dicate, denote, show, shadow, foreshadow, stand for. Shadowy, a. I. Shady, umbrageous. 2. Dark, obscure, dim, murky, gloomy. 3. Unreal, unsubstantial, impalpable, intangi- ble, visionary, imaginary, spectral, ghostly. 4. Typical, representative. Shady, a. Shadowy, umbrageous. Shaftf n. I. Arrow, missile, weapon. 2. Handle. 3. Thill, pole, tongue. 4* Trunk {of a column). 5* Axis, spindle, arbor 4* Spire, pinnacle. 7. Stem, stalk, trunk. Shagbark, «. Shellbark {.Carya alba). Shaggy, a. I. Rough \^wUh long hair or wool). 2. Rough , rugged. Shah, n. King of Persia, padishah. Shake, v. a, I. Agitate, convulse, jar, jolt, make to tremble or quiver. 2. Intimidate, frighten, daunt. 3. Endanger, weaken, move, make less firm, threaten to overthrow. 4. Agitate, wave, vibrate. 5. Move, remove, throw off, rid one's self of, put away. 6. TriU. Shake, v. n. Tremble, quake, quiver, totter, shudder, shiver. Shake, n. I. Agitation, concussion, jar, jolt, shaking, tremor, shock, trembling, shivering. 2. Trill. 3. Crack {in iimher), fissure, cleft. Shakes, n. pi. Ague, intermittent fever. Shaking, n. I. Agitation, concussion, jolting, jolt, shake. 2. Trembling, quaking. Shaky, a. I. Unsound (as timbtr), full of clefts, cracked, split. 2. Shaking, trembling. Shale, n. I. Slate clay, schistous clay. 2. Shell, husk, pod. Shallow, a. I. Shoal. 2. Superficial, empty, silly, slight, unintelli- gent, simple, ignorant. 3. Flimsy, trivial, frivolous, trifling, foolish, puerile, trashy. Shallow, n. Shoal, flat shelf, sand-bank. Shallow-brained, a. Simple, ignorant, foolish, empty-headed, shallow pated, silly. ShallOW-pated, a. Shallow-brained, silly, foolish. Shalstone, n. Table-spar, tabular spar, grammite, scale-stone. Sham, V. a. I. Feign, pretend, make pretence of, imitate, ape. 2. Trick, cheat, delude, dupe. 3. Impose, obtrude by fraud. Sham, V. n. Deceive, feign, impose, pretend. Sham, n. Imposture, imposition, trick, fraud, feint, delusion, humbug, pretence, clap-trap. Sham, a. Pretended, false, assumed, counterfeit, mock, spurious, clap-trap, make-believe Shamble, v. n. Hobble, shuffle. Shambles, n pi. I. Flesh market, meat market. 2. Slaughter-house, abattoir. Shame, n. I. Abashment, mortification, con- fusion, humiliation. 2. Disgrace, dishonor, opprobrium, derision, reproach, ignominy, infamy, obloquy, contempt, odium, scandal, degradation, discredit. 3. Reproach, disgrace, scandal, dishonor. 4. Decency, decorum, propriety, modesty. Shame, v. a. I. Abash, mortify, confuse, con- found, disconcert, discompose, humiliate, humble, make ashamed. 2. Disgrace, dishonor, degrade, debase, dis- credit, sully, taint, stain, tarnish. 3. Deride, jeer, ridicule, mock at, sneer at, point at, flout. Shame-faced, a. Bashful, diffident, over-modest. Shameful, a. I. Disgraceful, scandalous, dis- honorable, disreputable, infamous, outrageous, ignominious, opprobrious, base, vile, villanous, nefarious, heinous, atrocious, wicked, dark. 2. Indecent, unbecoming, degrading, scan- dalous. Shameless^ a. I. Impudent, unblushing, una- bashed, immodest, frontless, assuming, brazen, brazen-faced, bold-faced, insolent, audacious, cool, indecent, indelicate. 2. Depraved, vicious, sinful, unprincipled, corrupt, profligate, dissolute, reprobate, aban- doned, graceless, obdurate, hardened, incor- rigible, Irreclaimable, lost. Shamrock, «. I. White trefoil, white clover, Dutch clover ( Trifolium repens). 2. Hop-trefoil, black nonesuch {Medicago lu- pulina). Shanty, n. Hut, hovel, shed, mean cabin, mean dwelling. SHAPE 880 SHEER Shflpe^ V. a. I. Form, create, make, produce. 2. Mould, fashion, model, form. 3. Regulate, adjust, direct, frame. 4. Image, conceive, conjure up, figure, imag- ine. SliapCt «. I. Form (with especial reference to •what is visible)^ figure, make, guise, appearance, outward aspect. 2. Figure, being, appearance, form. 3. Mould, model, fashion, cut, pattern, build, cast, form. Sliapeless, a. I, Amorphous, formless. 2. Unsymmetrical, rude, irregular, uncouth, grotesque. SHkpely^ a. Symmetrical, comely, well-formed. Shard, «. Fragment, potsherd. Share^ v. a. I. Divide, distribute, apportion, parcel out, portion. 2. Partake, participate in, have a portion of. 3. Experience, receive. Sliare, v. n Participate, have part, have a por- tion. Sbare, «. I. Part, portion, certain quantity. 2. Allotment, dividend, quota, portion, con- tingent, proportion, apportioned lot, part. 3. Part, portion, interest. 4. Ploughshare. Sharer, «. Partaker, participator, communicant. Shark, n. I. Sharper, cheat, swindler, blackleg, knave, trickster, artful fellow. 2. Fraud, trickery. Sharp, a. I. Acute, keen, trenchant. 2. Pointed, peaked, ridged. 3. Sagacious, apt, shrewd, astute, acute, pene- trating, subtle, perspicacious, discerning, dis- criminating, ingenious, inventive, witty, quick, clever, ready, smart, clear, tharp-sighted, quick- sighted, keen-eyed, keen-witted, sharp-witted, clear-sighted, long-headed, cunning. 4. Subtle, acute, witty, astute, shrewd, nice. 5. Biting, pungent, hot, burning, stinging, mordacious, acrid, sour, bitter, acid, poignant, piquant, high-flavored, high -seasoned. 6. Severe, harsh, acrimonious, keen, sarcastic, caustic, cutting, tart, pointed, biting, trench- ant. 7. Rigid, cruel, hard, severe. 8. Keen, eager, hungry. 9. Distressing, poignant, intense, very painful, afflicting, severe, violent, sore, acute, keen, pierc- ing, subtile, excruciating. 10. Pinching, piercing, nipping, biting. 11. Strong, eager, fierce, ardent, violent, fiery, impetuous. 12. Gritty, hard. 13. Lean, thin, emaciated, meagre. 14. Shrill, high, piercing. 15. Keen, penetrating, piercing, severe, at- tentive, vigilant. 16. Shrewd, exacting, close. Sharp, V. a. Sharpen, make keen. Sharp-Cttt, a. Clear, distinct, well-defined. Sharpen, v. a. I. Edge, make keen, point. 2. Make eager. 3. Sharp, make shrill. 4. Intensify, make more intense. Sharper, «. Cheat, rogue, swindler, trickster, shark, knave, blackleg, tricky fellow, defrauder, deceiver. Sharply, ad. I. Severely, rigorously, roughly. 2. Vigorously, acutely, keenly. 3. Vehemently, violently. 4. Minutely, exactly, accurately. 5. Wittily, acutely, trenchantly. 6. Steeply, abruptly. Sharpness, «. I. Acuteness, keenness. 2. Sagacity, shrewdness, ingenuity, wit, clev- erness, quickness, acuteness, discernment, acu- men. 3. Pungency, piquancy, acridity, acidity, tart- ness. 4. Severity, sarcasm, satire, pungency. 5. Poignancy, intensity, painfulness, keenness, pungency, severity, afflictiveness. 6. Fierceness, violence, ardor. 7. Shrillness, highness. 8. Eagerness, keenness. 9. Keenness, severity. Sharp-set, a. Eager, hungry, ravenous, famish- ing. Sharp-shooter, «. Good marksman, rifleman. Sharp-sighted, a. Keen, keen-eyed, keen-sighted, clear-sighted. Sharp-witted, a. Acute, shrewd, quick, sharp, dis- cerning, sagacious, ingenious, intelligent, keen, clear-sighted, keen-sighted, long-headed, cun- ning. Shatter, v, a. I. Shiver, break in pieces, dash into fragments, rend, crack, split. 2. Disorder, derange, overthrow, break up, render unsound. Shatter-brain, «. Scatter-brain, giddy person. Shatter-hrained, a. Giddy, light-headed, scatter- brained, inattentive, heedless, wild. Shave, v. a. I. Cut off {close to the surface). 2. Make smooth or bare (as by cutting ojf hair closely), to pare close. 3. Slice, cut in thin slices. 4. Strip, fleece, pillage, shear, oppress {by ex- tortion). 5. Graze, skim , touch lightly {in passing over). Shaver, «. I. Barber. 2. Sharper, cheat. 3. Wag, joker. 4. Youngster, child, little fellow, boy. 5. Robber, plunderer, extortioner, pillager. Shear, v.ct. i. Cut, clip. 2. Strip, fleece, plunder. Shear, v. n. I. Cut, penetrate. 2. Deviate, swerve, turn aside. See Sheer. Sheath, «. I. Case {as for a sword), scabbard. 2. ( Bot^ Base of a leaf {when it is wrapped around a stem). 3. (Ent.) Wing-case. Sheathe, v.. a. I. Put into a sheath, enclose in a sheath. 2. Cover, case- 3. Cover up, hide. Sheathe the sword. Make peace. Sheathing, «• Casing, covering, sheath. Shed, V. a. I. Spill, eff"use, pour out, let fall. 2. Spread, diffuse, scatter, emit, give out. 3. Cast, throw off, put off, let fall. Shed, n. Hut, hovel, cot, cabin, out-house, out- building. Shed-roof, n. Pent-roof, lean-to. Sheen, «. Brightness, splendor, shine, gloss. Sheepcot, Sheepcote, Sheepdog, «. Shepherd dog, collie. Sheep-faced, <7. Sheepish, bashful, shame-faced, timid. Sheepfold, «. Sheepcot, sheep-pen. Sheepish, a. Timid, shame-faced, over-modest, very bashful, excessively diffident, timorous. Sheep'S-eye, «. Leer, ogle, wishful glance, smickering. Sheer, a. I. Pure, clear. 2. Mere, simple, unmixed, unmingled, down- right, pure, unquahfied, unadulterated, clear, utter. 3. Perpendicular, precipitous. Sheer, v. n. Deviate, decline, move aside. See Shear. Sheepfold, sheep-pen. SHEET-ANCHOR 381 SHOCKING Sheet-anchor, «. I. {N^aut.) Principal anchor, largest anchor. 2. Mainstay, chief support, main reliance. Sheet-tin, n. Latten, tinned iron plate. Shelf, n. I. Ledge. 2. Shoal, shallow, rock, ledge. Shell, » I. Case, outer covering. 2. Bomb. 3. Framework. 4. Lyre, stringed instrument. Shell, V. a. I. Take out of the shell, strip the shell from, hull. 2. Bombard. Shell, V. ft. Exfoliate, fall ofif, peel off. shell off. Shellhark, «. Shagbark ( Carya a/6a). Shelter, «. I. Asylum, refuge, retreat, cover, covert, sanctuary, harbor, haven. 2. Protection, shield, screen, defence, security, safety, cover. 3. Guardian, protector. Shelter, v. a. Shield, screen, hide, shroud, pro- tect, defend, cover, house, liarbor, ensconce. Sheltle, «. Shetland pony. Shelve, v a. Put on the shelf, put aside, dismiss. Shelve, v n. Slope, incline. Shepherd, «. I. Herdsman Kqf sheep). 2. Swam, rural lover. 3. Pastor, minister, clergyman. Shepherd-Spider, «. Father-long-legs, daddy- long-legs, harvest-man. Shetland pony. Sheltie. Shibboleth, «. Criterion, watchword, test. Shield, n. I. Buckler, x^is. 2. Safeguard, protection, defence, shelter, guard, cover, security, bulwark, rampart, palla- dium. 3. Escutcheon, ensign armorial, emblazoned field. Shield, V. a. I. Defend, protect, guard, shelter, cover. 2. Ward off, repel, defend against. 3. Forbid, forefend, avert. Shield-shaped, a. Scutate, clypeiform, peltate, peltated. Shift, V. a. Change, alter, move. Shift, V. n. I. Move, change place, change about, remove. 2. Alter, change. 3. Change, vary, veer, chop, alter. 4. Contrive, manage, plan, scheme, shufBe, devise ways and means. Shift, n. I. Change. 2. Expedient, contrivance, resort, resource, means. 3. Evasion, artifice, fraud, trick, stratagem, subterfuge, mask, wile, craft, device, mean refuge, chicane, chicanery, artful contrivance, ruse. 4. Chemise, smock. Shifter, n. Trickster, cozener. Shiftiness, n. Changeableness, variableness. Shiftless, a. Improvident, imprudent, inefficient, prodical, wasteful. Shillalah, ) Shillaly, \ n. Club, cudgel, oak sapling. ShiUelah, ) Shilli-shallv. \ TT • . Shlllv-shalJ?, 1 ^- "• Hesitate, waver. ShUli-shally, I n. Irresolution, hesitation, fool- Shilly-Shally, 1 ish trifling, wavering Shimmer, v. n Glimmer, gleam, glisten, shine faintly. Shin, ». Fore part of the lower leg, tibia, shin- bone. Shin, V. n. Swarm, climb {with hands and kftees). Shindy, «. {Colioq.) Row, spree, riot, disturb- ance, uproar. Shine, v. n. I. Beam, radiate, gleam, give light. 2. Glitter, glisten, sparkle, gleam, glow, glare, coruscate, be bright, be brilliant. 3. be eminent, be distinguished, be conspicu- ous, excel. 4. Be prominent. Shine, n. I. Fair weather, sunshine. 2. Brightness, splendor, lustre, brilliancy, polish, gloss. Shingling-mill, n. Furnace, forge. Shining, a. I. Beaming, gleaming. 2. Radiant, bright, splendid, glistening, lus- trous, brilliant, glittering, resplendent, effulgent, glowing, lucid, lummous. 3. Illustrious, splendid, conspicuous, distin- guished- Shiny, a. I. Bright, clear, sunshiny, unclouded, iunimous. 2. Glossy, brilliant. Ship-biscnit, «. Pilot-bread, hard-bread. Ship-bnilder, n. I. Naval architect, naval con- structor. 2. Ship-carpenter, shipwright. Ship-carpenter, «. Shipwright, ship-buUder. Ship of the destrt. Camel. Ship-of-war, «. Man-ot-war. Ship-shape, a. Wei;-arranged, neat, trim, tidy. Shipwreck, ». Wreck, ruin, perdition, destruc- tion, miscarriage, overthrow, subversion, demoli- tion. Shipwreck, v. a. Wreck, strand, cast away. Shipwright, «. Ship-carpenter, ship-builder. Shirk, V. a. I. Avoid unfairly, evade, get off from, slink away from. 2. Cheat, trick, shark. Shirk, V. n. I. Shark. 2. Shift, depart, quit. Shiver, v. a. Shatter, break in pieces, dash to fragments. Shiver, v. n. Shudder, quake, tremble, quiver, shake. Shiver, n. I. Fragment, bit, piece. 2. Slice, sliver. 3. Tremor, tremulous motion, shivering, shaking, shuddering. Shiver-spar, «. Slate-spar. Shivery, a. Friable, brittle, frangible, incompact. Shoal, n. I. Crowd, throng, multitude, swarm, horde. 2. Shallow, sand-bank, bar. Shoal, V. n. I. Crowd, throng. 2. Grow shallow. Shoal, a. Shallow. Shoar, «. Prop, support, stay. See Shorb. Shoat, «. Young hog, pig. See Shotr. Shock, n. I. Concussion, collision, shog, clash, impact, percussion. 2. Brunt, onset, assault, hostile encounter, conflict. 3. Blow, stroke, agitation, offence. 4. Stook, hattock. Shock, V. a. I. Shake, strike against, come into collision with, collide. 2. Encounter, meet. 3. Offend, disgust, disturb, disquiet, nauseate, sicken, scandalize, revolt, outrage. 4. Stun, astound, stasrger. 5. Appall, terrify, affright, frighten, dismay, horrify. Shock, a. Shaggy, matted, shagged. Shocking;, a. I. Repulsive^ offensive, hateful, detestable, execrable, obnoxious, odious, disgust- ing, revolting, repugnant, disgraceful, loathsome, loul, abominable. 2. Dreadful, terrible, horrid, horrible, fearful, frightful, dire, horrific, awful, tremendous, hideous, monstrous, ghastly, grim, appalling. SHOEMAKER 382 SHREWD Shoemaker, n. Crispin. Shoe-string, n. Shoe-tie, shoe-latchet. Shoe-tie, «. Shoe-string, shoe-latchet. Shooks, n. pi. Staves. Shoot, V. a. I. Let fly, propel. 2. Fire, discharge, let off. 3. Propel, expel, discharge, send forth. 4. Hit or kill by a missile. 5. Protrude, dart forth, thrust forward. 6. Streak, variegate, dot. 7. Extend, put forth, thrust forth, send forth. 8. Dart, emit. Shoot, V n. I. Fire, discharge a missile. 2. Pass, fly, dart. 3. Bud, sprout, germinate. 4. Project, jut, stretch, push, protuberate. 5. Advance, make progress. Shoot, n. I. Sprout, branch, twig, scion, offshoot. 2. Shot, discharge. 3. [Written also Shote, Shoat.'\ Young swine. Shoot up. Grow, increase, spring up, run up, grow up, start up. Shop, n. I. Store. 2. Workshop. Shopkeeper, n Tradesman, shopman, retail trader, storekeeper. Shoplifter, «. Shop-thief. Shopman, n. See Shopkeeper. Shop-thief, «. Shoplifter. Shore, «. I. Coast, beach, strand, sea-board, sea-side, sea-coast. 2. [Written also SAoar.} Prop, support, stay, brace, buttress. Shorea, «. Saul-tree - Shore up. Prop, support, prop up. Shorn, a. i. Cut o£r. 2. Deprived. Short, a. I. Brief. 2. Near, direct, straight. 3. Compendious, succinct, concise, condensed, terse, pithy, sententious, laconic, curt, brief. 4. Abrupt, sharp, pointed, petulant, curt, brief, severe, uncivil. 5. Deficient, defective, inadequate, scanty, insufficient, imperfect. 6. Narrow, limited, contracted. 7. Lacking, wanting, destitute. 8. Brittle, friable, crumbling. 9. (Cookery.) Crisp. Short, ad. Suddenly, abruptly, at once. Short-coming:, «. I. Deficiency. 2. Slip, fault, error, failing, defect, weakness, deficiency, imperfection, failure. Shorten, v. a. I. Abbreviate, abridge, cut short, curtail. 2. Lessen, diminish, reduce, abridge. 3. Curtail, cut off. 4. Contract, lessen, diminish, retrench. 5. Confine, restrain, restrict, hinder, 6. Deprive, lop. Shortening:, «. I. Abbreviation, curtailment, abridgment, contraction, reduction, retrench- ment, diminution. 2. Fat, fatty substance. Short-hand, «. Stenography, brachygraphy, tachygraphy. Short-lived, a. Transient, ephemeral, mush- room, transitory. Shortly, ad. I, Soon, quickly, in a short time, in a little time. 2. Briefly, concisely, tersely, succinctly, in a few words. Shortness, «. I. Brevity, conciseness, terseness. 2. Deficiency, imperfection, poverty. Short-Sig:hted, a. I. Myopic, purblind, near- «ghted> 2. Inconsiderate, imprudent, indiscreet. Short-sightedness, «. I. Myopy, myopia, near- sightedness. 2. Imprudence, indiscretion. Short-Witted, a. Unintelligent, shallow, stupid, dull, stolid, foolish, doltish, simple, weak-headed, weak-minded, feeble-minded, half-witted, shal- low-brained, dull-witted, blunt-witted. Shot, n. I. Discharge. 2. Ball, bullet, missile, projectile. 3. Marksman, shooter. 4. Range, reach. 5. Young hog. See Shote. Shot, a I. Chatojrant, iridescent, irisated. 2. Interwoven, interspersed, intermingled. Shote, ft. [Written also SAoai, Shoot, Shot.'l Pig, young hog. Shot-free, a. Unpunished, acquitted. Shoulder, «. Projection, protuberance. Shoulder-belt, «. Baldric. Shoulder-hlade, «. Shoulder-bone, blade-bone, omoplate, scapula. Shout, V. n. Exclaim, vociferate, halloo, hollo, holla, cry out. Shout, «. Halloo, holla, huzza, hoot, loud cry, loud call, outcry, clamor, vociferation, roar. Shove, V. a. I. Push, propel. 2. Jostle, push aside, press against. Shove away. Thrust off. Shove by. Push away. Shove down. Overthrow. Shove off. Thrust away, push away. Show, V a. I. Exhibit, display, present to view. 2. Exhibit to, point out to. 3. Indicate, point out. 4. Disclose, divulge, proclaim, publish, ex- plain, unfold, reveal, discover, make known, make clear. 5. Prove, manifest, demonstrate, evince, evi- dence. 6. Conduct, guide, usher. 7. Bestow, confer, grant, afford. 8. Teach, instruct, inform. 9. Explain, expound, interpret, make clear, elucidate. Show, V. n. I. Appear, become visible. 2. Appear, look, seem. Show, n. I. Spectacle, exhibition, sight, repre- • sentation. 2. Parade, ostentation, flourish, dash, pomp, pageantry, splendor, display, ceremony. 3. Semblance, resemblance, likeness, external appearance. 4. Pretence, pretext, cdor, mask, simulation, speciousness, plausibility, illusion. Showery, a. Rainy, wet. Show fight. Take the offensive, lay about one. Show off. I. (Active.) Exhibit {ostentatiously)^ display, make a parade of, set off. 2. (Neuter.) Make a show, display one's self, put on airs. Show up. Expose. Showy, a. I. Gaudy, flashy, gay, glaring, gair- ish, flaunting, gorgeous, splendid, fine, dressy, jaunty, airy, bedizened, pranked out, tinsel. 2. Grand, stately, ostentatious, pompous, mag- nificent, sumptuous. Shred, «. I. Strip. 2. Scrap, fragment, bit, piece, flitter, tatter, rag, strip. Shrew, «. I. Brawler, scold, termagant, vixen, virago, fury, turbulent woman. 2. Shrew-mouse. Shrewd, a. I. Evil, iniquitous, bad. 2. Vixenish, scolding, shrewi.sh. 3. Vexatious, annoying, troublesome, painful, mischievous, malicious. SHREWDNESS 383 SIGH 4. Artful, cunning, sly, wily, subtle, crafty, arch, astute, Machiavelian. 5. Sagacious, acute, sharp, quick, discrimi- nating, astute, sensible, sharp-sighted, pene- trating, keen, ingenious, discerning, intelligent, deep, profound, astute. Shrewdiiess, n. I. Cunning, archness, artful- ness, subtlety, craft, astuteness, slyness, art, address, skill, policy. 2. Sagacity, acumen, acuteness, perspicacity, sharpness, keenness, ingenuity, discernment, penetration, intelligence, mother-wit. Snrewlsll, a. Froward, peevish, petulant, scold- ing, brawling, clamorous, vixenish. Shrew-mouse, «. Shrew. Shriek, v. n. Scream, screech, yell. Shriek, «. Scream, screech, yell, slirill cry. Shrike, n. Butcher-bird {Lanius excubitor). Shrill, a. Acute, sharp, high, high-toned, high- pitched, piercing. Shrine, «. I. Reliquary, sacred tomb. 2. Altar, sacred place, sacred object, hallowed place. Shrink, v. n. I. Shrivel, contract, decrease, dwindle, wither. 2. Recoil, blench, flinch, withdraw, retire, swerve, draw back, give way. Shrink from. Abhor, nauseate, abominate, loathe, detest, feel disgust at, recoil from. Shrivel, v. a. Parch, dry, dry up. Shrivel, v. n. Shrink, contract, dwindle, wither, decrease, wrinkle. Shroud, « I. Garment, covering. 2. Winding-sheet, grave-clothes. Shroud, V. a. Cover, hide, veil, mask, cloak, screen, bury, muffle, protect, shelter, conceal. Shrub, n. Bush, low tree, dwarf-tree. Shrubby, a. Bushy. Shrunk, a. Shrivelled, withered, dwindled, con- tracted. Shudder, v, n. Tremble, shake, quake, quiver, shiver. Shudder, «. Tremor, shuddering, shaking, trem- blina;. Shuddering, «. Trembling, tremor, horror. Shuffle, V. a. Confuse, jumble, mix, shift, inter- mix, throw into disorder. Shuffle, V. n. I. Prevaricate, quibble, equivo- cate, cavil, dodge, palter, evade, sophisticate. 2. Struggle, shift, make shift. Shuffle, « Trick, quibble, prevarication, cavil, sophism, evasion, artifice, fi-aud, shuffling, sub- terfuge, pretence, pretext, ruse. Shuffle ofif. Push off, discard, get rid of. Shtlfflin?, a. Quibbling, prevaricating, evasive, disingenuous. Shuffllns:, n. Trick, artifice, duplicity, fraud. Shun, V. a. I. Avoid {in a positive sense or denoting' positive exertion), evade, escape, elude, eschew, get clear of, get out of the way of, escape from. 2. Decline, neglect. Shunt, V. a. [Eng] Switch (from one set of rails to another). Shut, V, a. I. Close, close up. 2. Enclose, confine, imprison, shut up, coop up, lock up, close the door npon. 3. Prohibit, bar, close. 4. Preclude, exclude. Shut in. Enclose, confine. Shut off. Exclude, intercept. Shut out. Exclude. Shut up. I. Shut, close up. 2. Confine, lock up, enclose, imprison, lock in, fasten in. 3. Terminate, conclude, end. 4. Unite Shy, a. I. Timid. 2. Coy, reserved, diffident, timid, retiring, shrinking. 3. Cautious, wary, heedful, chary. 4. Suspicious, jealous. Shy, n. I. Sudden start {as of a horse). 2. {Colloo.) Fling, throw. Shy, V. a. Fling, throw, jerk, cast, toss, flirt, hurl, chuck, pitch, sling {collog). Shy, V. n. Sheer, start aside. Sibilant, a. Hissing, sibilous. Sibyl, n. Prophetess, sorceress, fortune-teller, witch. Siccative, a. Drying. Sicci^, n. Dryness, aridity, want of moisture. Sice, «. Six (at dice). Sick, a. I. Ill, indiMX)sed, ailing, unwell, laid up. 2. Nauseated, affected with nausea, sick at the stomach, inclined to vomit. 3. Disgusted, tired, weary. 4. Diseased, weak, morbid, unsound, distem- pered, disordered, feeble. 5. Pining, languishing, longing. Sicken, v. a. I. Disease, make sick. 2. Nauseate, make sick, turn one's stomach, make qualmish. 3. Disgust, weary. Sicken, v.n. I. Become sick, fall sick, fall ill. 2. Be disgusted, feel disgust, become qualmish, 3. Decay, languish, become weak, become dis- tempered. Sickening, a. I. Nauseating, nauseous, sickish, palling 2. Disgusting, distasteful, repulsive, revolting, foul, loathsome, offensive. Sickish, a. Nauseating,- nauseous, sickening. Sickle, «. Reaping-hook. Sickle-shaped, a. Falcate, felcated, hooked. Sickliness, «. Unhealthiness, insalubrity. Sickly, a. Weak, languid, faint, feeble, ailing, languishing, unhealthy, diseased, infirm, weakly, morbid, valetudinary. Sickness, n. I. Illness, disease, disorder, distem- per, malady, complaint, ail, ailment, indisposi- tion, 2. Nausea, qualmishness. Side, «. I. Verge, margin, edge, border, 2. Party, sect, faction, interest. Side, a. I. Lateral. 2. Indirect, oblique. Side, V. n Take sides, espouse a cause. Side-board, «. Buffet. Side by side. Abreast, alongside, by the side {of one another). Side-face, « Profile. Sideling, a. Sloping, inclined, oblique. Sideling, ad. See Sidewise. Sidelong, a. Lateral, oblique. Sidelong, ad. I. Laterally, obliquely, 2. On the side. Sidereal, a. Starry, stellar, astral. Side-saddle-flower, m. Pitcher-plant, hunts- man's cup. Sidewalk, «. Footway {at the side of a street), footpath. Sideways, ad. Laterally, sidewise. Sidewise, ad. Laterally, sideways, sideling. Siege, n. Investment. Siesta, «. ISp.] Udi^ {after dinfur). Sieve, «. Bolt. Sift, v. a. I. Bolt. 2. Separate, part, 3. Scrutinize, probe, fathom, sound, try, ana- lyze, investigate, canvass, discuss, examine crit- ically, look into, follow up, inquire into. Sigh, n. Long breath. Sich, V. n. Grieve, mourn, complain, lament. SIGHT 884 SIN Sigfhtr n. I, Perception, view, ken, cognizance. 2. Vision, sense of sight. 3. Open view, visibility. 4. Knowledge, view, estimation, consideration. 5. Spectacle, show, exhibition, representation. 6. Inspection, examination. 7. Eye or eyes. Sigbt, V. a. See, perceive, get sight of. Sightless, a. Blind, eyeless, unseeing. Sightly, a. I. Conspicuous, promuient, exposed to view. 2. Comely, handsome*, beautiful. Sign, «• I. Token, mark, note, indication, proof, index, symptom, manifestation, symbol, emblem. 2. Signal, beacon. 3. Prodigy, wonder, miracle, portent, augury, presage, prognostic, auspice, forebodmg, oinen. 4. Symbol, type. 5. Cognizance, note. 6. Signature. Sign, V. a. I. Signify, indicate. 2. Subscribe, put one's name to, affix one's signature to. Signal, n. Token, mark, indication, sign. Signal, a. Eminent, memorable, extraordinary, remarkable, notable, conspicuous. Signal-fire, «. Beacon. Signalize, v a. Distinguish, celebrate, make memorable. Signature, «. I. Stamp, mark, sign. 2. Sign-manual. Signet, «. Seal {especially of a sovereign)- Significance, \n. I. Meaning, import, purport, Significancy, j sense. 2. Importance, consequence, weight, moment. 3. Expressiveness, impressiveness, force, en- Signuicant, a.. I. Betokening, indicative, ex- pressive, signifying, significative, 2. Important, weighty, momentous. 3. Forcible, eminently expressive. Signification, «. I. Expression. 2. Meaning, sense, import, purport, accepta- tion. Signify, v- a. I. Express, communicate, inti- mate, mdicate, betoken. 2. Denote, betoken, mean, imply, purport, import. 3. Declare, proclaim, impart, announce, give notice of, manifest, utter, make known. 4. Indicate, betoken, suggest as being in- tended, represent. 5. Weigh, matter, import. Signify, v. n. Import, matter, be of importance, be of consequence. Sign-manual, «. Signature. Silence, «. I. Stillness, noiselessness, quiet, calm, peace. 2. Taciturnity, muteness, dumbness. 3. Oblivion, obscurity. 4. Secrecy. Silence, v. a. I. Still, hush, put to silence. 2. Allay, quiet, calm, put to rest, put an end to. Silence, interj. Hush, whist, soft, tush, chut, tut, be still, be silent, hold your tongue. Silent, a. I. Still, noiseless, quiet, calm. 2. Mute, dumb, speechless. 3. Taciturn 4. Inactive, calm, undisturbed. 5. Quiescent. 6. Dormant Silex, «. Silica, silicic acid, quartz, flint, oxide of silicon. Silica, n. See Silex. Silicic acid. See Silex Silicite, «. {Min.) Labradorite, Labrador spar. a. Silky, soft. Silldness, n. I. Smoothness, softness. 2. Effeminacy, pusillanimity. Silk-weed, «. Milk-weed, wild cotton. Silky, a. Silken. Sill, «• I. Lower piece of a frame {as of a door or a windo7v). 2. Ground-sill, ground-plate. Silliness, n. Simplicity, folly. Silly, a. I. Senseless, witless, stupid, foolish, simple, weak, childish, inept, weak-minded, brainless, shallow. 2. Absurd, trifling, frivolous, extravagant, preposterous, nonsensical, unwise, indiscreet, imprudent. Silt, n. Sediment, deposit, alluvium. Silvan, a. Woody. See Sylvan Silver, a. I. Silvery, of silvfer, silvern. 2. White, bright, of the color of silver, silvery. 3. Soft and clear {as sound), mellifluous, eu- phonious, not harsh, 4. Gentle, quiet, peaceful, sweet. Silvery, a. See Silver. Similar, a. I. Like, resembling. 2. Homogeneous, uniform. Similarity, «. Likeness, resemblance, parallel- ism, analogy, correspondence, parity. Simile, «. Similitude, comparison, metaphor. Similitude, «. I. Likeness, resemblance, image, 2. Simile, comparison, metaphor. Simious, a. Monkey-like, ape-like. Simitar, «. See Scymitar and Cimeter Simmer, v. «. Boil {gently), seethe, siew, bub- ble. Simmering, a. Boiling, piping. Simoon ' l "' ^^'"'^^' khamsin, harmattan. Simous, a. Snub-nosed, flat-nosed. Simper, v. «. Smile {affectedly), smirk. Simper, «. Smirk, affected smile. Simple, a:. I. Single, uncombined, unmingled, uncompounded, unmixed, elementary, bare, mere, incomplex, unblended. 2. Plain, unadorned, unstudied, unaffected, unvarnished, natural, chaste, neat, unembel- lished. 3. Artless, undesigning, sincere, unaffected, unconstrained, frank, open, downright, inarti- ficial, plain, single-minded, unsophisticated, straightforward, true, simple-hearted, simple- minded, naive 4. Silly, foolish, weak, credulous, shallow, un- wise, unsophisticated, homely. 5. Unmistakable, clear, intelligible. Simple, n. Medicinal plant. Simple-hearted, rm)s. (a little at a time), %\\^. 2. Absorb, drink in {in small quantities). 3. Extract, suck up. Sip, n. Taste, small draught. Sire, ». I. {Poetical.) Father, progenitor, 2. Male parent {of a beast). Siren, n. I. Mermaid. 2. [Written al.so Syren.] Tempter, seducer, Circe, bewitching or fascinating woman. 3. {Zool.) Mud iguana, mud-eel. Siren, a. Alluring, seducing, tempting, bewitch- ing, fascinating. f Siriasis, ». [L.] {Med.) Sun-stroke, insolation, stroke of the sun, coup-de-soleil. Sirius, n. Canicula, dog-star. Siskin, n. Aberdevine {Fringilla spinus). Sit, V. n. I. Be seated, have a seat. 2. Perch {as a bird). 3. Stay, be, remain. 4. Rest, remain, repose, abide. 5. Rest, lie, bear on. 6. Dwell, settle, rest, abide, be placed, have a seat. 7. Brood {as ^owls), incubate. 8. Fit, be adjusted, suit, become, be suited. 9. Hold a session, be convened. SITE 386 SLACKLY SitCt n- Place, situation, locality, location, posi- tion, seat, station. Sitting:, n. Session. Situation, «. I. Place, locality, station, location, site, position, seat, ground, spot. 2. Condition, state, plight, case, predicament, category, circumstances. 3. Post, station, office, employment, place. Six-sided, a. Hexahedral, cubic. Size, n. I. Bigness, greatness, magnitude, bulk, volume, dimensions, largeness. 2. Sizing, weak glue, glutinous substance. Sizingf, «. Size, weak glue. Skald, «. [Written also Scald.] Ancient Scandi- navian bard. Skein, ». Knot. Skeleton, n. I. Framework 2. Sketch, outline, draught, rough draught. Skeptic, n. [Written also Sceptic] I. Doubter, disbeliever. 2. Deist, infidel, unbeliever, free-thinker. Skeptical, a. [Written also Sceptical] Doubt- ing, disbelieving, incredulous. Skepticism, «. [Written also Scepticism.] I. Doubt, incredulity, Pyrrhonism. 2. Unbelief, infidelity, free-thinking. Sketch, n. Outline, drawing, delineation, plan, skeleton, rough draught, first draught, design in outline. Sketch, V. a. I. Draw (in outline)., chalk out, make a rough draught of, design, draught. 2. Depict, delineate, represent, portray, paint. Sketchy, a. Incomplete, unfinished. Skilful, a. Skilled, well-versed, versed, conver- sant, proficient, learned, knowing, intelligent, ingenious, competent, able, clever, qualified, practised, trained, initiated, prepared, accom- plished, expert, adept, dexterous, adroit, apt, handy, ready, quick, masterly. Skilfully, ad. Ably, cleverly, well, dexterously, expertly, secundum artem. Skilfulness, «. Dexterity, dexterousness, expert- ness. Skill, «. I. Skilfulness, dexterity, dexterous- ness, aptness, adroitness, readiness, facility, ex- pertness, cleverness, quickness, knack, address, ingenuity, ability, art, aptitude. 2. Discrimination, discernment, understand- ing, wit, knowledge Skilled, a. See Skilful. Skim, V. n. Pass lightly or superficially. Skin, «. I. Hide, pelt, derm, cutis, 2. Husk, hull, peel, rind. Skin, V. a. I. Flay, excoriate, peel. 2. Peel, pare. 3. Cover with a skin or crust. Skin-deep, a. Superficial, slight. Skin-flint, «. Miser, niggard, churl, hunks, scrimp, screw, curmudgeon, hck-penny, sordid wretch. Skin-like, a. Dermatoid. Skinny, a. Lean, poor, thin, lank, shrunk, emaciated, shrivelled. Skip, V. n. Leap, jump, bound, spring, hop, caper. Skip, V. a. Disregard, omit, neglect, miss, skip over, pass without notice. Skip, n. Leap, jump, bound, spring, hop, caper. Skip over. Disregard, skip. Skipper, «. I. Master (pf a small vessel), sea- captain. 2. {/cA.) Ssiury-pikt {Scomieresox saurus). 3. (Ent.) Cheese maggot. Skirmish, «. Fight {of slight consequence)^ battle, collision, conflict, combat, brush, affair, contest, contention. Skirt, « I. Flap, loose part {of a garment below the waist). 2. Petticoat. 3. Edge, border, margin, verge, rim, extreme part. Skirt, V. a. Border, from the border or edge of. Skirting, «. Skirting-board. Skirting-board, «. Washboard, skirting, mop- board, surbase, baseboard Skittish, a. I. Shy {as a horse), timid, timorous, easily frightened. 2. Hasty, volatile, wanton. 3. Changeable, inconstant, fickle. Skittishly, ad. Shyly, wantonly, changeably. Skittishness, «. I. Shyness, timidity. 2. Fickleness, wantonness, inconstancy. Skittles, «. pi. Ninepins. Skulk, V. n- Lurk, hide, sneak, slink, lie hid. Skulker, n. Lurker, shirk, sneak, mean fellow. Skull, «. I. Cranium, brain-pan. 2. Brain. Skunk-hlackWrd, «. See Skunk-bird. Skunk-hird, «. Bobolink, rice-bird, skunk- blackbird {Emberiza oryzivora). Skunk-cahbage, «• Swamp-cabbage {Symplo- carpus fcBtidus), skunk-weed. Skunk-weed, «. See Skunk-cabbage. Sky, «. I. Firmament, heavens, canopy of heaven, celestial expanse. 2. Region of clouds. 3. Weather, climate. Sky-blue, a. Cerulean, azure, sky-colored, sap- phire. Sky-color, n. Azure, blue, sapphire. Skyey, a. Ethereal. Skylark, «. Laverock {Alauda arvensis). Skylarking, n. Frolicking, sporting, carousing. Slab, a. Thick, viscous, slimy. Slab, n. Slime, puddle, mud. Slabber, v. a. Slaver, slobber. Slabber, v. n. [Written also Slobber.] I. Slaver, drivel. 2. Shed, spill, drop, let fall Slabber, «. Slaver, slobber. Slabberer, «. Idiot, driveller, slaverer. Slabbery, a. Slippery, wet, sloppy. Slabby, a. I. Viscous, sticky, glutinous, thick. 2. Wet, slimy, muddy, sloppy, miry. Slack, a, I. Backward, remiss, careless, negli- gent. 2. Slow, tardy, dilatory, lingering, abated, diminished. 3. Loose, relaxed. 4. Weakj remiss. 5. Dull, idle, quiet, inactive. Slack, ad. Partially, insufficiently, imperfectly. Slack, V. n. See Slacken. Slack, V. a. I. See Slacken. 2. Slake {as lime). Slacked-lime, «. Hydrate of lime. Slacken, v. «. I. Slack, abate, become less intense, be diminished. 2. Become loose or slack, be made less tight or tense, relax. 3. Neglect, be remiss, be backward, fail. 4. Become slow. 5. Languish, flag, fail. Slacken, v. a. I. Retard, slack, moderate, make slower. 2. Loosen, relax, make less tight or tense, lessen the tension of. 3. Lessen, diminish, abate, mitigate, remit, reheve. 4. Relax, neglect, be remiss in, defer, put off. 5. Abate, lower, make less. 6. Withhold, use less liberally. 7. Repress, check, restrain, curb, bridle, con- trol. Slackly, ad. I. Loosely. SLACKNESS 387 SLIGHT 2. Negligently, remissly, carelessly, tardily. Slackness, n. I. Looseness. 2 Remissness, negligence, inattention. 3. Slowness, tardiness, want of tendency. 4. Weakness, feebleness, slowness. Slagt « Refuse, dross, recrement, cinders, scoria. Slake, V. a. I. Quench, extinguish, allay, abate, decrease, slacken, 2. Slack {as lime). Slake, V. ft. I. Desist, fail, go out, be quenched, become extinct. 2. Abate, decrease, become less decided. Slakeless, a- Quenchless, inextinguishable, in- satiable. Slam, V. a Bang, shut with noise. Slander, v. a. i. Defame, calumniate, vilify, scandalize, decry, reproach, malign, traduce, brand, blacken, asperse, backbite, libel, belie. 2 Disparage, detract from Slander, n. I Defamation, aspersion, detrac- tion, calumny, backbiting, scandal, obloquy. 2. Libel, calumny. Slanderer, «. Calumniator, backbiter, libeller, defamer, traducer, maligner. detractor. Slanderous, a. I. Calumnious, defamatory, libel- lous, false and malicious. 2. Backbiting, maligning, calumnious, false and malicious. Slang, n. Cant, low language, inelegant expres- sion, unauthorized language. Slant, a. See Slanting. Slant, ft. Slope. Slant, V- ft. Slope, lean, incline, lie obliquely. Slanting, a. Inclining, sloping, oblique, slant. Slap, ft. Blow IwiiA somethiftg broad), clap. Slap, ad {Colloq.). With a slap, plumply, quickly, instantly Slap, z>. a. Strike {with soituthiftg broad), dab, pat, spank. Slap-dash, ad. (Colloq.) In a hurry, in a hurry, skurry, without forethought, at hap-hazard, at random. Slash. V. a. I. Slit. 2. Cracky snap, smack. Slash, ft. Slit, long cut- Slashed, a. I. silt, cut. 2. {Boi.) Laciniate, multifid, jagged. Slattern, ». Slut, drab, draggletail, slovenly woman. Slattern, a. Slovenly, slatternly, sluttish. Slatternly, a Slovenly, slattern, untidy, un- cleanly, dirty, sluttish. Slatternly, ad. Negligently, carelessly, sluttishly, untidily, m a slovenly manner. Slaty, a. Laminated, laminar, schistous, schis- tose Slaughter, «. I. Massacre, murder, carnage, bloodshed, butchery, havoc, killing, slaying, 2. Butchery, killing. Slaughter, v. a. I. Massacre, slay, kill, murder, butcher. 2. Butcher, kill. Slaughterer, «. I. Murderer, assassin, slayer, killer, butcher, cut-throat, destroyer. 2 Butcher. Slaughter-house, «. Abattoir. Slave, n. I. Bondman, bond-servant, bond-slave, captive, vassal, henchman, dependant. 2. Drudge. 3. [Written also Schlav, Schlavoftiafi, Srla- voftic, Sclavic] Slav, Slavonian, Slavonic, Slavic. Slave. V. ft. Drudge, toil, moil. Slaver. «, Drivel, slabber, slobber. Slaver, v. ft. Slabber, slobber, drivel. Slaverer, fi. Idiot, driveller, slabberer. Slavery, n. I. Bondage, servitude, thraldom, enthralment, enslavement, captivity, boii^-service, vassalage. 2. Drudgery, mean labor. Slavic, a. [Spelled also Sclavic, Sclavoftiaft.\ Slavonic, Slavonian. Slavish, a. I. Servile, low, mean, base, cringing, obsequious, fawning,^ supple, grovelling, syco- f)hantic, abject, sneaking, beggarly, base-minded, ow-minded. 2. Drudging, laborious, menial, servile. Slavonian, | a. [Written also Sclavotiiafi, Scla- Slavonic, ) von.ic.\ Slav, Slavic. Slay, V a. I. Kill, slaughter, murder, massacre, despatch, butcher, assassinate. 2. Destroy, ruin, put an end to. Slayer, «. Killer, murderer, destroyer, slaugh- terer, assassin. Sleazy, a. Thin, flimsy, weak, poor. Sled, ft. See Sledgb. Sledge, ft. I. lEfig.\ Sled, 2. Sleigh. 3. Sledge-hammer, Sledge-haimner, n. Sledge, ironsmith's hammer, smith's hammer. Sleek, a. Smooth, glossy, silken, silky, satin. Sleek, V. a. I. Smooth, make even 2. Soothe, appease, calm, tranquillize. Sleekly, ad. Smoothly, glossily, nicely, evenly. Sleep, V. ft. I. Slumber, rest, repose, doze, drowse, nap. 2. Rest, be still, be motionless. 3. Be dead, lie in the grave. 4. Be thoughtless, be heedless, be careless. Sleep, ft I. Slumber, repose, rest. 2. Death. Sleepily, ad. I. Drowsily. 2. Lazily, dully, stupidly, heavily. Sleepiness. ». Drowsiness, somnolence, doziness, inclination to sleep. Sleeping, a. Dormant, inactive, quiescent. Sleepless, a I. Wakeful. 2. Restless, agitated Sleep-walker, «. Somnambulist, night-walker, noctambulist. Sleep-walking, n. Somnambulism. Sleepy, a. I. Drowsy, somnolent, dozy, heavy, inclined to sleep. 2. Somniferous, soporiferous, narcotic, sopo- rific somnific, slumberous, opiate. 3. Sluggish, inactive, heavy, lazy, dull, torpid, slow. Sleight, «. I. Sly artifice, artful trick. 2. Adroitness, dexterity, manoeuvring, dex- terous management- Sleight of hand. Legerdemain, hocus-pocus, jug- glery, prestidigitation. Slender, a, I. Slim, thin, narrow, slight. 2. Weak, feeble, slight, fragile, flimsy, fine 3. Small, inconsiderable, moderate, trivial. 4. Meagre, scanty, inadequate, small, insuffi- cient, pitiful, lean. 5. Spare, sparing, abstemious, light, meagre, simple. Sleuth-hound, ». Blood-hound, slot-hound, slow- hound. Sley, ft. [Written also Slay.\ Weaver's reed. Slice, V. a. I. Cut {ifito thift pieces) 2. Cut, divide, part. 3. Cut off, sever. Slice, ft. Collop, chop, thin piece. Slide, V. ft- Glide, slip, move smoothly. Slide, ft. Glide, slip. Sliding, a. Slippery, uncertain, gliding. Sliding, ft. Lapse, falling, backsliding, transgres- sion, fault. Slight, a. I. Small, little, trifling, inconsiderable, trivial, petty, paltry, insignificant, unimportant. SLIGHT 888 SLUM 2. Weak, feeble, gentle. 3. Cursory, hasty, hurried, desultory, superfi- cial, scanty, careless, negligent. 4. Perisiiable, flimsy. 5. Contemptible, worthless, frivolous, paltry. 6. Slim, slender. 7. Contemptuous, disdainful. 8. Faint. Slight, «. I. Neglect, disregard, inattention, dis- respect, contempt, scorn, disdain, indignity. 2. See Sleight. Slight, V. a. I. Neglect, disregard, disdain, de- spise, scorn. 2. Overlook. Slightingly, ad. Disrespectfully, scornfully, con- temptuously, slightly, with contempt, with scorn. Slightly, ad. I. Little. 2. Weakly, feebly, slenderly. 3. Cursorily, negligently, hastily, superfi- cially. 4. Scornfully, contemptuously, disrespectfully, slightingly. Slily, ad. Cunningly. See Slyly. Slim, a. I. Slender, thin, narrow, lank, gaunt, meagre. 2. Weak, slight, trivial, trifling, paltry, unsub- stantial, inconsiderable, poor. 3. Slight, poor, insufficient. Sllme, n. Mud, ooze, mire. Slimy, a. I. Miry, muddy, oozy. 2. Ropy, clammy, viscous, viscid, glutinous, gummy, mucilaginous, gelatinous, mucous, slabby. Sling, V. a. I. Throw, cast, hurl, fling. 2. Hang up, suspend. Slink, V. n. Sneak, skulk, steal away, slip away. Slip, V. n. I. Glide, slide. 2. Err, trip, mistake, fall into error, commit a fault. Slip, V. a. I. Put stealthily, convey secretly. 2. Omit, allow to escape, lose by negligence. 3. Throw off, disengage one's self from. 4. Loose, loosen, let loose, let go. Slip, n. I. Slide, glide, slipping. 2. Error, mistake, blunder, fault, trip, over- sight. 3. Transgression, indiscretion, backsliding, error, fault. 4. Cutting, twig, shoot, scion. 5. Strip, long and narrow piece, streak. 6. Leash, strap, string, cord. 7. Escape, desertion. 8. Case, covering, wrapper. Slip away. I. Escape, glide away, slide away. 2. Sneak, skulk, slink, steal away, slink away. Slip on. Put on hastily Slippexiness, «. I. Lubricity, smoothness. 2. Glibness, smoothness. 3. Uncertainty, mutability, changeableness, unsteadiness. 4. Lubricity, untrustworthiness, shiftiness, in- stability. Slippery, a I. Smooth, glib. 2- Unstable, uncertain, changeable, mutable, unsteady, shaky, insecure, perilons, unsafe. 3. Treacherous, perfidious, faithless, knavish, dishonest, false, cunning, shifty, elusive. 4. Wanton, incontinent, unchaste, false, un- faithful. Slipshod, a Careless, slovenly, shuffling, untidy. Slipslop, a. Washy, trashy, feeble, poor, jejune. Slit, V. a. I. Cut {lengthwise)' 2. Sunder, divide, rend, cut, split. Slit, ft. Long cut. Slohher, v. a. I. Slabber, slaver, drivel. 2. Daub, stain, obscure, darken, smear, slaver. 3. [Written also .S"/«<5/J^r. ) Sully, soil, defile. Slohher, V. n. Slabber, slaver, drivel Slobbery, a. Moist, muddy, sloppy, wet, dank, flood y. Sloe, ft. Black-thorn {Prutius spiftosa). Slogan, n. iScotch.} I. War cry or gathering- word (o/ a Highland clan). 2. Watch-word (o/ soldiers). Slop, V. a. Spill. Slope, ft. I. Obliquity, oblique direction, direc- tion downward. 2. Inclination, acclivity or declivity. Slope, V. a. Incline. Slope, V. n. Incline, slant, take an oblique direc- tion. Sloping, a. Inclining, slanting, declivous, ob- lique. Sloppy, a, Plashy, splashy, muddy, slobbery, wet, slabby. Slosh, «. Slush, sludge. SlOShy, a. Slushy, sludgy. Sloth, n. I. Slowness, tardiness, dilatoriness. 2. Inactivity, inaction, laziness, indolence, idleness, inertness, sluggishness, torpor, lump- ishness, supineness, slothfulness. Slothful, a. Lazy, idle, inert, sluggish, indolent, dronish, inactive, lumpish, supine, torpid, slack. Slothfulness, «. See Sloth. Slot-hound, n. Blood-hound, sleuth-hound, slow- hound. Slouch, n. I. Lubber, clown, awkward fellow, lout. 2. Clownish gait, stoop. Slouching, a. Awkward, uncouth, clownish, lub- berly, loutish, ungainly. Slough, n, I. Quagmire, morass, bog, fen. 2. Crust, scab, eschar, 3. Spoil, cast skin, tegument. Sloughy, a- I, Miry, boggy, queachy, marshy. 2. Foul, mortified, suppurated. Slovenly, a. I. Untidy, unclean. 2. Disorderly, loose, untidy. 3. Perfunctory, heedless, reckless, careless, lazy, negligent. Slow, a. I. Moderate, deliberate. 2. Gradual. 3. Dull, heavy, dead, inert, inactive. 4. Tardy, behindhand. 5. Late. 6. Unready, 7. Tardy, dilatory, inactive, sluggish, late, de- laying, lingering, slack. 8. Dull, stupid, heavy, vvearisome. Slows, «. {Med.) Milk-sickness, swamp-sick- ness. Slow -worm, «. Blind-worm {Anguis /ragilis). Sludge, n. I. Slosh, slush. 2. Mud, mire. Slug, «. I. Snail {without a shell). 2. Drone, sluggard, idler, laggard, dawdler, lounger. Sluggard, «. Drone, lounger, idler, laggard, slug. Sluggard, a. Sluggish, lazy. Sluggish, n. I. Indolent, idle, lazy, slothful, dull, inactive, drowsy, inert, dronish, lumpish, supine, phlegmatic. 2. Slow. 3. Inert, inactive. 4. Dull, tame, stupid, simple. Sluggishness, n. I. Phlegm, apathy, insensi- bility, dulness, indifference, inertness, indolence, slothfulness, laziness, supineness, torpor, sloth. 2. Inertness. 3. Slowness. Sluice, «. Opening, vent. Sluice-gate, «. Flood-gate, water-gate, sluice. Slum. n. Close (/« a crty), alley, lane, dark re- treat, low neighborhood. SLUMBER 389 SMOKE SIlUll1)eX'> V. n. I. Sleep (lightly), doze, nap, suooze. 2. Sleep, repose- Slumber, « I. S\tcp {not deep or profound), Tt- pose, rest, doze, nap, light sleep. 2. Sleep, repose, rest. SIaml)er0US> a. Soporific, soporiferous, somnif- erous, somnific, sleepy, drowsy. SlnmPt V. n. Sink (as in walking on snow), fall through. Slur, V. a. I. Tarnish, soil, sully, contaminate, pollute, disgrace. 2. Reproach, traduce, asperse^ disparage, de- preciate, calumniate, speak of slightmgly or dis- respectfully. 3. Disregard, slight, pass by, pass over, gloss over, obscure, conceal. Slur» n. I. Mark, stain. 2. Reproach, stigma, stain, brand, disgrace. 3. Innuendo. 4. (In printing.) Blur, double, macule. Slush, n. I. Slosh, sludge. 2. (Naut.) Grease, fat. Slushy, a. Sloshy, sludgy Slut, «. Slattern, drab, draggletail. Sluttish, a. Untidy, careless, disorderly, un- cleanly, dirtv. Sly, a. I. Cunning, artful, crafty, wily, subtle, insidious. 2. Wily, cautious, shrewd, nimble, skilful, knowing, fine, subtle, astute. 3. Arch, knowing. 4. Secret, underhand, clandestine, stealthy. Slyboots, n. (Colloq ) Rogue, artful fellow, sly dog, waggish person. Slyly, ad. Craftily, cunningly, insidiously. Smack, v. n. I. Taste, have a taste, have a flavor. 2. Have a tincture, have a quality, have a savor. 3. Kiss ilondly), buss Smack, z'. a. I. K\ss (loudly), huss. 2. Crack, snap, slash. 3. Sl^p (loudly). Smack, n. I. Taste, savor, flavor, tang, tinc- ture. 2. Tincture, touch, tinge, dash, spice, infusion, sprinkling, little, small quantity, soupfon. 3. Buss, loud kiss 4. Smattering, superficial knowledge. 5. Crack, snap, slash. 6. Slap. Smackiug, a. Brisk, fresh, smart. Small, a. I. Little, diminutive, tiny, puny. 2. Little, minute, microscopic, molecular, atomic, corpuscular, fine. 3. Petty, trifling, trivial, inconsiderable, insig- nificant, unimportant. 4. Slender, scanty, paltry, moderate. 5. Feeble, weak, faint, slight. 6. Mean, sordid, selfish, illiberal, ungenerous, narrow, narrow-minded, base, unworthy. 7. Shallow, unintelligent, unintellectual, un- gifted, stolid, dull, feeble-minded, petty, insig- nificant, inferior. 8. Weak. Small-clothes, n. pi. Breeches, smalls. Small-pox, n. Variola. Small-talk, «. Gossip, chat, light conversation. Smart, «. Pungent or sharp pain, lancinating pain. Smart, v n. I. Feel sharp pain. 2. Suffer, be punished. Smart, «. I. Sharp, stinging, keen, severe, poignant, pungent, prickine, painful 2. Vigorous, forcible, effective, energetic, effi- cient. 3. Vigorous, sharp, severe, lively, active, quick. 4. Brisk, fresh, smacking. 5. Lively, brisk, vivacious, witty, ready, sprightly, spirited, brilliant. 6. Expert, dexterous, clever, quick, active, in- telligent, stirring. 7. Witty, acute, apt, pertinent. 8. Spruce, trim, fine, showy, pretentious. 9. Agile, nimble, quick, alert, active. Smartness, «. I. Sharpness, keenness, poig- nancy, pungency, acuteness, severity. 2. Vigor, force, energy, quickness. 3. Liveliness, briskness, vivacity, wittiness, readiness, sprightliness. 4. Expertness, dexterity, cleverness, quick- ness, activity, intelligence, alertness. 5. Wit, wittiness, acuteness, aptness, perti- nency. 6. Spruceness, trimness. 7. Agility, nimbleness, quickness, activity, spryness. Smiart-weed, «. Water-pepper, arse-smart (Poly- gantim hydropiper). Smash, v. a. Crush, mash, dash to pieces, break in pieces. Smash, n. I. Ruin, destruction. 2. Failure, bankruptcy. Smatter, «. See Smattering. Smatterer, «. Ignoramus, novice, sciolist. Smattering, n. Smatter, sciolism, slight knowU edge, superficial knowledge, imperfect knowl- edge. Smear, v. a. I. Daub, bedaub, besmear, plaster, begrime. 2. Contaminate, soil, stain, pollute, tarnish, sully. Smear, «. Daub, stain, blot, blotch, patch, spot. Smeary, a. Adhesive, viscous, viscid, glutinous, dauby, sticky. Smell, V a. Scent, get scent of. Smell, V. n. Have an odor, have a scent. Smell, «. Scent, odor, perfume, fragrance, aroma. Smell a rat. (Colloq.) Get an inkling, have a strong suspicion. Smelling-salts, «. pi. Sal-volatile, carbonate of ammonia, sesqui-carbonate of ammonia. Smell out. Discover, find out. Smelt, V. a. Fuse (as ore), melt. Smew, n. (Ornith.) White-nun, vare-widgeon, smee (Mergus albellus). Smift, n. Fuse. Smirk, n. Affected smile, sofl look, smickering. Smirk, v. n. Smile (affectedly), simper. Smite, V. a. I. Strike, beat, box, cuff, buffet 2. Kill, slay, destroy. 3. Afflict, chasten, punish. 4. Blast, destroy. Smite, V. n. Strike, collide, knock. Smith, «. Metal-worker Smith, V. a. Forge, beat into shape. Smithery, M. I. See Smithy. 2. Smithing, smith's work. Smithing, n. Smithery, smith's work. Smithy, n. Smithery, stithy, smith's shop, forge. Smitten, f. I. Struck, smit 2. Killed, slain, destroyed. 3. Afflicted, chastened, punished. 4. Charmed, captivated, fascinated, delighted, pleased, attracted, taken, enamoured. Smock, n. I. Chemise, shift, slip. 2. Blouse, gabardine, smock-frock. Smock-frock, «. Smock, blouse. Smoke, n I, Sooty vapor. 2. Reek, steam, exhalation, efl^uvium, fume, mist, vapor. SMOKE m SNIP 3. Vanity, emptiness, idle talk, mere phrases, failure, vapor, nothingness. Smoke, v. a. I. Fumigate, expose to smoke. 2. Draw into the mouth and puff out smoke from (as tobacco in a pipe or a cigar). 3. Smell out, find out, discover. Smoke, v. n. I. Emit smoke. 2. Reek, steam, exhale, emit vapor. 3. Burn, be kindled, rage, fume, wax hot. 4. Smoke tobacco. 5. Suffer, be punished, smart. Smoke-tree, n. Venetian sumach, Venus {Rhus cotinus). Smoky, a. I. Of the nature of smoke. 2. Fumy, fuliginous, fumid. 3. Filled with smoke. 4. Sooty, begrimed, blackened, tanned, reeky, black, dark. Smooth, a. I, Even, level, flat, plain, polished. 2. Sleek, glossy, polished, soft, plane. 3. Unruffled, undisturbed. 4. Easy, voluble, fluent, even, ready. 5. Bland, mild, soothing, insinuating, soft, suave, oily, flattering, adulatory, courtier-like, fair-spoken, smooth-spoken, smooth-tongued, de- ceptive. 6. Pleasant, agreeable. Smooth, V. a. I. Level, flatten, make smooth. 2. Ease, make easy. 3. Palliate, soften, extenuate, varnish, plaster. 4. Calm, allay, assuage, molhfy, mitigate, al- leviate. 5. Regulate, ease. Smooth-faced, a. Beardless, smooth-chinned. SmootMng-iron, «. Flat-iron, sad-iron. Smoothly, ad. I. Evenly. 2. Readily, easily, unobstructedly. 3. Blandly, softly, gently, mildly, soothingly, pleasantly, flatteringly. 4. Mildly, innocently. Smooth-spoken, a. See Smooth-tongued. Smooth-tongued, a. Plausible, flattering, cozen- ing, adulatory, smooth, smooth-spoken, fair- spoken. Smother, v. a. I. Stifle, suffocate, choke. 2. Suppress, repress, conceal, stifle, extinguish, hide, keep back, keep down. Smother, v. n. I. Smoulder. 2. Be stifled, suffocate. 3. Be suppressed, be concealed. Smndge, v. a. Smear, besmear, stain, blacken, spot, smutch, soil. Smug, a. Nice, spruce, trim, neat. Smuggler, «. Contrabandist. Smut, n. I. Dirt. 2. Blight, blemish, spot, smutch, smudge. 3. Obscenity, ribaldry, smuttiness, uastiness, obscene language. 4. Mildew, blight, dust-brand, burnt corn. Smut, z'- a. I. Soil, tarnish, sully, taint, stain, blacken, smouch, smudge. 2. Mildew, mould, decay, blight. Smutty, a. I. Dirty, foul, soiled, stained, nasty. 2. Obscene, ribald, indecent, indelicate, im- modest, gross, coarse, loose, impure, nasty. Snack, «. I. Share, snip. 2. Luncheon, slight meal, hasty repast. Snag, n. I. Knot, knarl, knob, projection, jag, protuberance, snub. 2. Tooth {in contempt). 3. Swaying trunk or branch of a tree {fixed at one end in a river). Snail, «. I. Slug. 2. Drone, idler, sluggard, laggard, slug. 3. Snail-clover, snail-trefoil {Medicago scutel- lata). Snail-shell, ». Helix. Snake, «. Serpent. Snake-bird, «. Darter. Snake-head, ) «. Shell-flower, turtle-head, bal- Snake's-head, j mony {Chelone glabra). Snake in the grass. Secret enemy, treacherous person. Snake-stone, «. Ammonite. Snakish, a. See Snaky. Snaky, a. I. Serpentine, winding, snakish. 2. Sly, cunning, artful, deceitful, insinuating, subtle. Snap, V. a. I. Break short, break short oE 2. Bite, seize, catch at, snatch at, snip. 3. Crack {as a whip). 4. Twang. Snap, V. n. I. Break short. 2. Crackle, decrepitate, crepitate. 3. Snarl. Snap, n. I. Bite, catch, seizure. 2. Clasp, fastening, catch, small lock. 3. Crack {as of a whip), smack. 4. Interval, spell, season. 5. Gingerbread, gingercake, gingernut. Snap-dragon, «. Flap-dragon. Snappish, a. Touchy, testy, crabbed, cross, crusty, irascible, waspish, petulant, perverse, froward, pettish, snarling, growling, peevish, captious, churlish, splenetic, censorious, acrimonious, ill- tempered, surly, tart. Snare, n Gin, noose, net, trap, springe, toil, catch, wile. Snare, v. a. Entrap, entangle, catch, ensnare. Snarl, v. «. Growl, gnarl, grumble, murmur. Snarl, y. a. I. Entangle, complicate, knot, in- volve in knots- 2. Entangle, embarrass, confuse, ensnare. Snarly n. I. Entanglement, tangle, complication. 2. Intricacy, complication, embarrassment, difficulty. Snarling, a. See Snappish. Snatch, v. a. Grasp, clutch, gripe, wring, wrest, twitch, pluck, seize suddenly, pull, catch, snip. Snatch, «. I. Bit, fragment, portion, small part. 2. Catch, short effort. Snath, n. Snead, sneath, sneethe, sued, sneed. Snead, «. See Snath. Sneak, v.n. I. Skulk, lurk, slink, steal. 2. Crouch, truckle. Sneak, «. Shirk, lurker, mean fellow. Sneaking, a. I. Servile, slavish, cringing, ob- sequious, fawning, grovelling, truckling, crouch- ing, mean, low, base, abject, vile, beggarly, time-serving. 2. Secret, underhand, clandestine, concealed, hidden, covert, sly Sneer, v. n. Scoff, gibe, jeer, flout, mock, fleer, rail, turn up the nose. Sneer, «. Scoff, jeer, gibe, fling. Sneer at. Deride, ridicule, scorn, disdain, scout, scoff, spurn, despise, contemn, mock, look down upon, laugh at, rail at, turn up the nose at Sneezing, «. Sternutation. Snicker, v. «. Laugh {under restraint) titteri snigger, giggle. Sniff, V. n. Snuff. Sniff, V. a. I. Snuff, inhale, breathe, breathe in. 2. Snuff, smell, scent. Sniff, n. Snuff. Snifting-valve, «. Blow-valve, tail-valve. Snigger, v. n. See Snicker. Snip, V. a. I. Clip, cutj nip, nip o£f. 2. Snap, snatch. Snip, «. I. Clip, cut. 2. Piece, shred, fragment, bit 3. Share, snack. 4. Tailor, snipper. SNIPE S91 SOFT SnipCt «• Fool, blockhead, simpleton, dolt, dunce, . dullard, sot. Snipe-fish, «. Trumpet-fish, bellows-fish {Cen- triscus scolopax). Snivel, «. Snot. Snivel, v. n. Cry (a, n. Mineral spring. Space, n I. Extension, extent 2. Capacity, room. 3. Distance, interval. 4. Duration. 5. [Rare.) While, short time. Spacious, a. I. Wide, extended, extensive, vast. 2. Roomy, broad, ample, capacious, wide, large. Span, n, I. Nine inches, eighth of a fathom. 2- Brief period, spell. 3. Pair, team, yoke of animals. Span, V. a Compass, measure, cross, overlay. Spanish-bayonet, «. Yucca, Adam's needle, bear-grass. Spanish-fly. «. Blister-fly, blister-beetle {Can- tharii vesicatoria). Spank, V a. Strike (with the open hand), slap. Span-new, a. Brand-new, fire-new, quite new, spick-and-span new. Spanworm, n. Geometer, looper, green looper, canker-worm (Anisopteryx). Spar, V. n I. Box. 2. Dispute, wrangle, quarrel, bicker, squabble, spat icolloq,) Spar, n I. Pole, beam 2. Boxing-ma'ch. Spare, v. a. I. Reserve, save, lay by, lay aside, set apart, set aside. 2. Dispense with, do without, part with. 3. Withhold, omit, forbear, refrain from. 4. Withhold from, keep from. 5. Give, grant, afford, allow, give up. 6. Preserve {from anything dreaded), save. 7. Save, withhold, gain, reserve. Spare, v. n. I. Be frugal, be parsimonious, econ- omize, pincl). 2. Forbear, refrain, be scrupulous. 3. Be lenient, be merciful, be tender, forgive. Spare, a. I. Scanty, sparing, frugal, stinted. 2. Parsimonious, chary, sparing. 3. Lean, meagre, thin, poor, lank, gaunt, skinny, scraggy, raw-boned, emaciated. 4. Superfluous, supernumerary. ijS?&l Leistire, time to spare. Sparing, a. I. Scarity, little, scarce 2. Spare, abstemious, meagre, scanty. 3. Frugal, saving, chary, parsimonious, eco- nomical. 4. Merciful, compassionate, forgiving, lenient. Sparingly, ad. I. Frugally, parsimoniously. 2. Abstinently, moderately, temperately. 3. Seldom, infrequently, rarely. 4. Cautiously, tenderly. Spark, n. I. Sparkle, scintillation, particle of fire, scintilla. 2. Germ, element, active principle, seed, be- ginning. 3. Gallant, beau, lover. 4. Buck, beau, dashing fellow, dandy. Sparkish, a. I. Gay, airy. 2. Showy, well-dressed, fine, smart. Sparkle, v. «. I. Shine {with intermissions), glitter, glisten, glister, twinkle, scintillate, corus- cate, flash, radiate, gleam. 2. Effervesce, bubble, foam, froth. Sparkle, »■ I. Spark, scintillation. 2. Luminosity, lustre Sparkling, a. I. Glittering, glistening, twinkling, flashing, brilliant. 2. Bubbling, foaming, effervescing, frothing, mantling. 3. Lively, glowing, brilliant, spirited, piquant, vigorous, forcible, strong, nervous, racy, impas- sioned. Sparry iron. Spathic iron, carbonate of iron, spathose iron, siderite. Sparse, a. Scattered, spread here and there, thin. Spartan, a. Brave, courageous, hardy, undaunted, daring, intrepid, dauntless, fearless, bold, valiant, valorous, doughty, chivalric, heroic, lion-hearted. Spasm, n. I. Twitch, sudden contraction {as of the muscles) 2. Fit, paroxysm, throe. Spasmodic, «. I. Convulsive, spasmodical. 2. Convulsive, fitful, violent and short-lived. Spasmodic cholera. Asiatic cholera, cholera as- phyxia. Spat, V. n Dispute, wrangle, quarrel, spar, bicker, jangle, squabble, have words, have an altercation. Spathic, a. Foliated, lamellar, spathose, sparry. Spathic iron. See Sparry iron. SPATTER 896 SPELLING Spatter, v. a. I. Sprinkle, besprinkle, bespatter, splash, plash. 2. Asperse, defame, traduce, calumniate, vilify, soil. Spatter, v. n. Sputter, spit. Spatterdashes, ». //. Gaiters, leggings. Spaw, n. See Spa. Spawl, V. n Spit, sputter. Spawl, n. Spit, spittle, saliva. Spawn, «. I. Eggs '^offish or offrogs\ hard roe. 2. Product, offspring, fruit. 3. (Bot.) Mycelium, filaments {from which fungi originate). Spawn, z/. a. \_In contempt ■'\ Generate, produce, bring forth. Spawn, V. n. [/ft contempt. '\ Issue. Speak, V. n. I. Articulate, enunciate, talk with articulate sounds. 2. Talk, dispute, argue, converse, say, dis- course. 3. Plead, spout, hold forth, make a speech, discourse, harangue, declaim - 4. Treat, make mention, discourse, tell. 5. Sound, resound, give sound. Speak, V. a. I. Utter, express, deliver, pro- nounce, articulate. 2. Tell, say, declare, announce. 3. Announce, make known, spread abroad, proclaim, declare, celebrate 4. Talk, converse iri. 5. Accost, address, greet. 6. Exhibit, declare, make known. 7. Indicate, express by signs, communicate. 8. {Naut.) Hail. Speaker, «. I. Discourser, orator, spokesman, prolocutor. 2. Chairman, presiding officer. Speaking, ». I. Talk, discourse. 2. Elocution, declamation, oratory. Spear, n. I. Lance, javelin. 2. Shoot, spire. Spear-hand, «. Right hand. Spear-shaped, a. Hastate, hastated. Special, a> I. Specific, specifical. 2. Particular, peculiar, especial. 3. Extraordinary, uncommon, particular. 4. Specific, especial. 5. Appropriate, peculiar, especial. Speciality, «. I. Particularity. ^ 2. Specialty, object of special attention, par- ticular object of pursuit, pet subject. Specialty, «. See Speciality. Specie, n. Coin, cash, metallic money, hard money, stamped money. Species, «. I. Group (subordinate to a genus), class, collection, assemblage. 2. Kind, sort, description, variety. 3. {Law.) Form, figure, fashion, shape. Specific, a. ^ I. Peculiar, particular, especial, characteristic. 2. Definite, precise, specified, limited. Specification, «. I. Designation (of properties), characterization. 2. Particularization. detailed statement. Specify, z/. (;on. Spice-bush, «. See S pick-wood. Spice-wood, n. Spice-bush, Benjamin-tree, fever- bush, wild allspice {^Benzoin odori/erum or Lau- rus benzoin). SpiciferouS, a. Spicated, eared, spicose, spicous. Spicily, ad. Pungently, wittily. Spick-and-span new. Quite new, fire-new, brand- new. Spicy, a- I- Aromatic, fragrant, balmy, racy. 2. Pungent, sharp, piquant, pointed, keen, racy. Spider's web. Cobweb. Spigot, «. Spile, stopper, stopple, spill, plug. Spike, M. I Ear (^^rrtzw), head. 2. Large nail or pin. Spile, «. I. See Spigot. 2. Pile. Spill, V. a. Shed, effuse, pour out. Spin, V. a. I. Twist (into thread). 2. Extend, draw out. 3. Protract, spend, lengthen, prolong, draw out. 4. Twirl, whirl. Spina, n Thorn, prickle, spine. Spin a yam. Tell a long story. Spindle, «. (MecA.) Axis, shaft, arbpr. Spindle-shaped, a. Fusiform. Spine, «. 1. Thorn. 2. Backbone, spinal column, vertebral col- umn. 3. Ridge. Spinet, n. Virginal, clarichord. Spinner, «. Spider, garden-spider. Spinney, «. [Written also Spmny.] Thicket, grove, shrubbery. Spinose, a. Thorny, spiny, spinous, briery. Spinous, a. See Spinosb. Spiny, a. I. Thorny, spinose, spinous, briery. 2. Slender. 3. Thorny, difficult, troublesome, perplexed. Spiracle, «. Aperture (especially in animal and vegetable bodies), blowhole, vent, orifice, pore. Spiral, a. Wmding (like the thread of a screw), cochieary, ci>chleated, spiry, helical, screw- shaped. Spiral, n.. Helix, worm. Spire, n. I. Spiral, curl, twist, wreath. 2. Steeple. 3. Shoot, spear, stalk, blade. 4. Summit, apex. Spirit, n. I. Air, breath. 2. Life. 3. Vital essence (apart front matter), imma- terial substance. 4. Soul, pure intelligence, inner man. 5. Soul, disembodied soul. 6. Apparition, ghost, spectre, shade, phantom. 7. Demon, genius, sprite, fairy, elf, angel. 8. Disposition, temper, humor, mood, spirits, frame of mind, turn of mind. 9. Courage, ardor, fire, energy, force, viva- city, cheerfulness, enterprise, vigor, mettle, earn- estness, enthusiasm, zeal, resolution, elevation of soul. 10. Liveliness, animation, piquancy, warmth, glow, vivacity, cheerfulness, enterprise. 11. Person (as distinguished by peculiar qual' ities), individual. 12. Meaning, significance, purport, intent, drift, gist, tenor, sense. 13. Nature, character, complexion, character- istic quality, essential part, essence, quintes- sence. 14. Alcohol, distilled liquor 15. Liquor, intoxicating liquor. 16. [With The prefixed.] Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit, Paraclete, Comforter, the Spirit of God. Spirit, V. a. I. Excite, encourage, animate, in- spirit. 2. Kidnap, carry off (secretly) Spirited, a. Animated, lively, vivacious, spright- ly, ardent, earnest, active, bold, courageous, alert, high-mettled, high-spirited, full of spirit, full of life. Spiritist, n. Spiritualist. Spiritless, a. I. Lifeless, breathless, extinct, dead. 2. Dejected, depressed, discouraged, dis- pirited, low-spirited. 3. Dull, torpid, sluggish, cold, apathetic, phlegmatic, languid, soulless, feeble, unenter- prising. 4. Heavy, stupid, dull, frigid, tame, prosaic, prosv. insipid, uninteresting. Spirit of M3rrcia. Bay-rum. Spirits, n. pi. I. Disposition, temper, mood, humor, spirit, frame of mind, turn of mind. 2. Distilled liquors, ardent spirits. Spirit-stirring, o. Inspiring, animating, enliven- ing, cheering, exhilarating Spiritual, othiness, foaminess. Spumous, a. See Spumy. Spumy, a. Foamy, frothy, spumous. Sptink, «. I. Touchwood. 2. Punk, amadou, agaric, German tinder. Spur, n. I. Goad, prick, point, rowel. 2. Incitement, stimulus, incentive, impulse, inducement, instigation, provocation, motive, fil- lip, whip, goad. 3. Snag, point, knot, pnarl, knob, projection. 4. Ergot, horn-seed, spurred rye. 5. Branch, subordinate ranee [of mountains). Spur, V. a. I. Prick {with the spur). SPUR 400 STABLE 2. Stimulate, incite, rouse, arouse, goad, induce, instigate, impel, urge forward, drive, animate. Spur, V. ft. Prick, gallop, hasten, press forward, press on. Spurious, a. I. Illegitimate, bastard. 2. Counterfeit, supposititious, meretricious, deceitful, sham, false, mock, pretended, feigned, clap-trap, fictitious, unauthentic, make-believe, adulterate, bogus, pinchbeck, brummagem. Spurn, V. a. I. Kick) drive back, drive away. 2. Contemn, scorn, scout, despise, disdain, make light of, look down upon, hold in con- tempt. Spurred rye. Ergot, spur. Spurt, «. I. Jet, sudden gushing. 2. Sudden effort, short exigency. Spurt, V. ft. [Written also Spirt.'\ Gush, spring out, stream out suddenly, jet, well, spout. Sputation, ». Spitting, expuition, act of spit- ting. Sputter^ V. ft. I. Spit, spawl. 2. Splutter, stammer. Spntterer, «. Stammerer, splutterer. Spy, ft. Scout, emissary (in disguise)^ secret agent. Spy, V. a. I. See, behold, discern, espy, detect. 2. Discover, search out, detect. 3, Explore, view, inspect or examine secretly, discover by artifice. Spy, V. ft. Scrutinize, search narrowly. Spy-glass, «. Small telescope SQUab, a. I. Fat, plump, stout, dumpy, squab- bish, squabby, thick, bulky, heavy, short, thick- set, chunky, fleshy. 2. Unfledged, unfeathered Squab, «. Young pigeon, Squabbish, a. See Squab. Squabble, v. ft. I. Quarrel, wrangle, fight, scuffle, struggle, brawl. 2. Dispute, contend, jangle, brawl, bicker, altercate, wrangle. Squabble, « Brawl, wrangle, dispute, petty quar- rel, broil, scrimmage, rumpus. Squabby, a See Squab. Squad, n. Gang, band, crew, set, knot, bevy, lot, small company. Squalid, a. Filthy, nasty, dirty, foul, unclean, mucky. Squalidity, «. See Squalidnkss. Squalidness, «. Foulness, filthiness, squalidity, squalor. Squall, V. ft. Cry (as an infant)^ bawl, yell, scream, cry out. Squall, n. I. Cry, bawl, yell, scream, outcry. 2. Storm {sudden and brief ), blast, gust, brief gale, little tempest, brief hurricane. Squallyt a. Gusty, blustering, stormy, tempest- uous. Squalor, «• [L.] See Squalidness. iSStId,!- Scaly. SeeSQUAMOSE. Squamose, a. {Bot ) Scaly, squamate, squa- mated, squamous. Squamous, a. See Squamose. Squander, v. a. Spend {profusely), lavish, ex- pend, waste, lose, dissipate, throw away, muddle away, scatter, misuse. Squanderer, «. Spendthrift, prodigal, waster, lavisher. Square, a. l. Quadrilateral and equiangular. 2. Perpendicular, making a right angle. 3. Just, honest, fair, equitable, upright, exact, equal. 4. Adjusted, balanced, settled, even. 5. True, just, exactly suitable. 6. Hearty. Square, n. I. Four-sided figure (a///A ^^«a/ j/i£ pointed), 6. Set, fix iu. Stick, V. n. I. Adhere, cleave, cling, hold, stay fixed. 2. Abide, remain, stop, stay, hold fast, be infixed, cling. 3. Stop 4. Hesitate, waver, doubt, scruple, stickle, be embarrassed, be puzzled. Stick at. Hesitate about, doubt about, be puz- zled by. Stick by. Adhere to, be faithful to, be true to, stick to, be constant, be firm. Stickiness, «. Adhesiveness, vlscousness, gluti- nousness, tenacity, viscosity. Stickle, V. n. I. Struggle (pertinaciously and on trifling grounds), contend, altercate, contest. 2. Hesitate, waver, doubt, scruple, stick. 3. Trim, shift, play fast and loose. Stickle-back, «. Prickle-back, stickle-bag. Stickler, «. Pertinacious person. Stick out. Project, protrude, be prominent. Stick sulphur. Cane brimstone, roll sulphur. Stick to. I. Cleave to, be faithful to, adhere to, stick by 2. Persevere in. Stick upon. Dwell upon, not forsake. Sticky, a. Adhesive, glutinous, viscous, viscid, tenacious, gluey. Stiff, a. I. Rigid, unbending, unyielding, inflex- ible, stark, subrigid. 2. Firm, tenacious, thick, inspissated. 3. Stubborn, obstinate, pertinacious, tenacious, strong. 4. Rigorous, severe, strict, strait-laced, strin- gent, peremptory, absolute, positive, austere, dog- matic, uncompromising, inexorable- 5. Formal, constrained, ceremonious, punctili- ous, prim, starch, stately, chilling, frigid, in buckram. 6. Inelegant, cramped, harsh, crude, grace- less, abrupt. 7. Strong, fresh. Stiff-necked, a. Stubborn, obstinate, obdurate dogged, mulish, headstrong, contumacious, cross- grained, unruly, intractable. Stiffneas, n. I. Rigidity, inflexibility, rigidness, rigor, hardness, starkness. 2. Thickness, spissitude, density, compactness, denseness, consistence. 3. Stubbornness, obstinacy, pertinacity, con- tumaciousness, inflexibility. 4. Severity, rigor, strictness, harshness, rigor- ousness, austerity, sternness. 5. Formality, precision, constraint, primness, frigidity. 6. Tension, tenseness. 7. Torpidness, torpor, rigidity. Stifle, V. a. I. Smother, choke, suffocate. 2. Suppress, repress, check, deaden, stop, destroy, extinguish, quench. 3. Still, hush, silence, muffle, muzzle, gag, conceal, smother. Stiirma, n. I. Mark {made with a hot iron), brand. 2. Stain, blot, disgrace, reproach, dishonor, shame, spot, blur, brand, tarnish, taint. Stigmattze, v. a. I. Brand, mark with a hot iron. 2. Disgrace, reproach, dishonor, vilify, de- fame, discredit, brand, post, slur, hold up to shame. 3. Denounce, accuse, brand. Stiletto, n. I. Dagger, dirk, poniard, pocket- dagger, stylet. 2« Bodkin, piercer, eyeleteer. Still, V. a. I. Silence, stifle, muffle, hush, lull. 2. Calm, compose, quiet, allay, appease, pacify, tranquillize, smooth, lull. 3. Stop, check, restrain, subdue, suppress, calm, quiet. 4. Distd. Still, a. I. Silent, noiseless, hushed, mute, mum, 2. Quiet, calm, tranquil, placid, berene, stilly. 3. Motionless, quiescent, at rest, inert, stag- nant, stationary. 4. Soft, gentle, mild, low, quiet. Still, ad. or conj. I. Yet, till now, to this time 2. However, nevertheless, notwithstanding. 3. Always, ever, continually, habitually, uni- formly. 4. After that, after what is stated, in continu- ance, again. Still, n. I. Distillery, still-house. 2. Distillatory, distilling vessel, alembic, stilla- tory. Still-room, «. I. Stillatory, laboratory. 2. Store-room, preserve-closet. Stilly, a. Quiet, calm, tranquil, serene, still, peaceful, silent. Still-yard, «. See Steel-yard. Stilt, n. Stilt-bird, long-legged plover {Himan- topus melanopterus). StUt-bird, «. Stilt. Stilted, a. Pompous, swelling, inflated, bombas- tic, turgid, pretentious, grandiloquent, high-flow- ing, high-sounding, fustian, stilty, tumid, high- flown, grandiose. Stimulant, a. Stimulating, exciting, stimulative. Stimulant, n. I. Stimulating medicine. 2. Incentive, stimulus, provocative, spur. Stimtllate, v. a. Incite, excite, instigate, animate, awaken, provoke, pique, encourage, inspirit, urge, prompt, goad, rouse, arouse, whet, foment, spur, impel, inflame, fire, kindle, stir up, set on, work up, prick, fillip, irritate, exasperate, incense. Stimulative, a. See Stimulant. Stimulative, «. See Stimulus. Stimulus, n. Incentive, spur, goad, incitement, stimulant, provocative, provocation, motive, en- couragement. Sting, V. a. I. Prick, wound, hurt. 2. Afflict, pain, cut to the quick, go to one's heart. Sting, n. Prick, act of stinging. Stinging, a. Piercing, painful, acute. Stingy, a. Niggardly, penurious, parsimonious, miserly, close, mean, covetous, avaricious, sordid, close-fisted, narrow-hearted. Stink, V. n. Smell bad, smell ill, emit a stench. Stink, n. Stench, fetor, offensive odor, bad smell. Stinkard, «. Teledu {Mydaus meliceps). Stink-stone, n. Swine-stone. Stink-trap, «. Cesspool, stench-trap. Stint, V. a. I. Limit, bound, restrain, confine. 2. Straiten, pinch, distress, begrudge, put on short allowance. Stint, V. n. Stop, cease, desist. Stint, n. I. Limit, bound, restraint. 2. Quantity assigned, allotted portion. Stipe, H. I. Base of a frond, stem. 2. Stalk (e/"<»//j/«/). 3. Stem (of a mushroom or fungus). 4. Trunk of a tree. Stipend, n. Salary, wages, allowance, pay, hire, compensation, remuneration, emolument, fee, honorariu*n. Stipple, V. a. Engrave (by dots, instead 0/ lines). Stiptic, n. See Styptic. Stipulate, v. n. Bargain, agree, contract, engage, covenant, provide, setde terms. Stipulation, ». Bargain, agreement, contract, en- STIR 409 STOOL gagement, obligation, covenant, indenture, con- cordat, pact, convention. Stir, V, a. I, Move. 2. Agitate, disturb. 3. Discuss, argue, moot, start, raise, agitate, bring into debate. 4. Instigate, incite, excite, rouse, arouse, awaken, prompt, stimulate, provoke, animate, goad, spur, stir up, set on. Stir, V. n. I. Move, budge, go, change place, change one's position, move one's seif. 2. Be active, be in motion. 3. Appear, happen, turn up, come into notice. 4. {CoUog.) Rise {front bed intht morning), get up. Stir, «. I. Agitation, tumult, bustle, excitement, confusion, hurry, movement, activity, flurry, ado, fidget, fuss. 2. Disorder, tumult, uproar, commotion, pub- lic disturbance, seditious commotion. 3. Agitation of mind, conflict of passions. Stir-about, «. Porridge. Stirring, a. I. Active, lively, brisk, smart, in- dustrious, diligent. 2. Animating, arousing, awakening, stimu- lating, quickening, exciting. Stir up. I. Incite, instigate, animate, put in ac- tion, excite, quicken, awaken, move, rouse, pro- voke, stimulate. 2. Disturb. 3. Begin, put into action. 4. Quicken, enliven. StitCb, V. a. I. Sew, sew together. 2. Make stitches in. Stithy, n. [Written also Stythy.'\ Smithy, smith - ery, smith's shop, forge. Stive, V. a. I. Stow, stuff close. 2. Make hot, close, or sultry. 3. Stew, seethe, boil gently. Stoak, V. a. {Naut) Stop, choke. Stoat, n. Ermine {Mustela ermined), meniver. Stock, «. I. Trunk (fij a tree\ stipe, stalk, stem. 2. Post, pillar, block, log. 3. Dolt, dullard, dunce, blockhead, fool, block, stick, dunderhead, numskull, loggerhead, clod. 4. Handle {of an instrument), haft. 5. Cravat, neckcloth. 6. Race, lineage, pedigree, parentage, ances- try, family, line, descent, house. 7. Capital, fund, invested property, principal. 8. Store, supply, accumulation, provision, hoard, reserve. 9. Live-stock, domestic animals {on a farm). Stock, V. a. I. Store, supply, furnish, fill. 2. Reserve, save, garner, hoard, reposit, ac- cumulate, lay in, treasure up, lay by, lay up. Stock, a. Standard, permanent, standing. Stock-dove, n. Wild pigeon {of Europe), wood- pigeon {Columba anas). Stock-exchange, «. Stock-market. Stockholder, «. Shareholder. StOCkish, a. Stupid, blockish, stolid. StOCk-johher, a. Speculator in stocks, trader in stocks. Stock-market, «. I. Stock-exchange. 2. Cattle-market. Stocks, «. pi. I, Funds {invested in joint-stock enterprises or in the obligations of a Govern- ment), public funds, public securities. 2. shares {in joint-stock companies, or in the obligations of a Government). Stock-still, a. Stone-still, perfectly still, motion- less, still as a post. Stocky, «. {Colloq.) Stout, plump, chubbed, stubby, short and thick, stubbed. Stoic, ». Follower of Zeno, Stoical philosopher. Stoic, ) a. Passionless, apathetic, unimpassioned, Stoical, ) imperturbable, philosophic, Platonic, cool, indifferent, cold, cold-blooded, impassive, impassible, patient. Stoicism, n. I. Stoical philosophy, philosophy of Zeno. 2. Apathy, insensibility, coolness, indifference, coldness, phlegm, cold blood, impassibility, nonchalance. Stole, «. {Bot.) Sucker, stolon. Stolen, a. I. Purloined, pilfered, filched, taken wrongfully. 2. Furtive, stealthy, surreptitious, clandes- tine, secret, sly. Stolid, a. Stupid, dull, heavy, doltish, slow, foolish, blockish, obtuse, stockish. Stolidity, «. Stupidity, dulness, foolishness, dolt- ishness, obtuseness, stolidness. Stolidness, «. See Stolidhy. stoma, «. \.Q,x. pi, Stomata.\ I. Vort {in plants\ breathing-pore, stomate- 2. Breathing-hole {in articulate animals). Stomach, n. I. Appetite. 2. Inclination, desire, taste, liking, relish. Stomach, v. a. {CoUoq.) Brook, endure, bear, tolerate, abide, swallow, stand, submit to, suffer, put up with. Stomachal, a. Good for the stomach. See Sto- machic, a, 2. Stomachal, «. See Stomachic, n. Stomachic, n. Cordial, medicine for the stomach, stomachal. iSfchickl,}- I. Of the stomach. 2. Stomachal, cordial, wholesome, tonic, salu- tary, good for the stomach. Stone, n. I. Rock, pebble, bowlder. 2. Gem, jewel, precious stone. 3. Gravestone, tombstone, monument, ceno- taph, monumental tablet. 4. Uni (of a drupe). 5. Vesical calculus. 6. Testicle. 7. Adamant, flint, marble. Stone, V. a. I. Pelt with stones. 2. Face with stone, line with stone. 3. Free from stones, stein. Stone-bed, «. Quarry, stone-pit. Stone-blind, a. Totally blind, sightless. Stone-break, «. {Bot.) Saxifrage. Stone-coal, «. Anthracite, blind-coal, glance- coal, hard-coal. Stone-cold, a. Cold as stone. Stone-crop, «. {Bot.) Orpine. Stone-curlew, «. Stone-plover, thick-kneed plover, bustard, thick-knee {CEdicnemus crepi- tans). Stone-deaf, a. Deaf as a post, totally deaf. Stone-fruit, «. Drupe. Stone-lily, «. Encrinite {Encrinus liliaformis). Stone-oil, n. Rock-oil, petroleum, mineral oil. Stone-pit, n. Quarry, stone-bed, stone-quarry. Stone-plover, n. See Stone-curlew. Stone's cast. See Stone's throw. Stone's throw. Stone's cast, short distance, few steps. Stone-sull, a. See Stock-still. Stone-weed, n. Red-root {Lithospermum ar- vense). Stony, a. I. Hard, petrous, gritty. 2. Obdurate, inflexible, cruel, unrelenting, pitiless, hard, adamantine, flinty. Stony-hearted, a. Cruel, unfeeling, pitiless, re- morseless, hard-hearted, inexorable. StOOk, n. Shock (of corn), hattock, stuckle. Stool, n. I. Seat {without a back). 2. Discharge {from the bowels), evacuation. STOOL-PIGEON 407 STRAIGHTFORWARD Stool-pigeon^ «. I. Decoy-pigeon, decoy {^or game). 2. Decoy, inveigler, decoyer, inveigling ac- complice, cat's-paw. StOOPt V. ft. I. Couch, bend forward, bend down, lean forward, lean. 2. Yield, submit, succumb, surrender, give in, cower. 3. Condescend, descend. 4. Swoop, descend, come down, bear down 5. Sink, fall. Stoop, V. a. Lower, abase, bow, bend down, bend forward, sink. Stoop, «. I. Inclination, bend, act of stooping. 2. Condescension, descent. 3. Swoop, descent. 4. Flagon, bowl, cup, mug, tankard. 5. [U. S-l Doorsteps, porch, steps, outer stair. StOpt V. a. I. Close, close up. 2. Obstruct, close up, render impassable, block, close, blockade. 3. Hinder, impede, shut in, bring to a stand- still, stay, check. 4. Hinder, repress, restrain, suppress, obstruct, stay, intercept, preclude, thwart, impede, inter- rupt, lay an embargo on, prevent, delay, 5. Leave, cease from, desist from, refrain from, leave off, make an end of, discontinue, have done with, give over. 6. Suspend, arrest, intermit, discontinue, quiet, put an end to, end, terminate. Stop, V. n. I. Be at a stand-still, come to a stand, come to a stand-still, come to a dead lock, cease progress, halt, stand still. 2. Cease, desist, forbear, leave off, break off. 3. {Colloq., U. S.) Tarry, stay, lodge, take lodgings, have lodgings. StoPt n. I. Pause, rest, intermission. 2. Interruption, repression, cessation, obstruc- tion, hindrance, check. 3. Impediment, obstacle, obstruction. 4. Point, mark of punctuation. StOp-COCkf n. Cock, tap, faucet. StOppas^e, n. Obstruction, hindrance, interrup- tion, prevention. Stopper, n. Stopple, plug. Store, «- I. Stock, supply, fund, hoard, treasure, treasury, provision, accumulation. 2. Abundance, plenty, great quantity, great number. 3. Warehouse, magazine, storehouse, reposi- tory, depot. 4. Shop. StorCf V. a. I. Gamer, hoard, husband, deposit, save, reserve, treasure up, lay in, lay up, lay by, set by, store up, lay in store. 2. Supply, furnish, stock, replenish, provide. Storebovae, ». Magazine, warehouse, repository, store, depot Stores, «. //. Supplies, Storge. «. [Gr.) Parental love, instinctive affec- tion \for offspring), philoprogenitiveness. Storm, n. I. Tempest, gale, hurricane, tornado, squall, whirlwind, violent wind (usually accom- panied with rain, kail, or snow). 2. Disturbance, agitation, commotion, tumult, turmoil, clamor, sedition, insurrection, outbreak. 3. Calamity, adversity, distress, affliction. 4. Attack, assault, onslaught, onset, first brunt. 5. Violence, tumultuous force. Storm, V. a. Attack {with violence, as a fortifi- cation'), assault. Storm, V. n. I. Blow violently (w/VA or without rain, hail, or snow). 2. Rage, fume, rant, tear. Stormlness, n. Tempestuousness, inclemency, roughness. Stormy, a. I. Tempestuous, windy, gusty, squally, boisterous, blustering. 2. Violent, passionate, rough, wild. 3. Furious, agitated, blustering. Stormy petrel. Mother Carey's chicken, storm- bird, stormfinch, storm-petrel (Procellaria Pelagica). Story, w. I. History, chronicle, record. 2. Narration, narrative, recital, relation, re- hearsal, account, statement, tale, record. 3. Fiction, fable, romance, novel. 4. Anecdote, incident, tale, legend 5. (Colloq.) Falsehood, untruth, lie, fib, fabrication, invention, fiction, figment, fable, canard. 6. Floor, loft. Story-teller, «. I. Raconteur. 2. Historian {in contempt). Stout, a. I. Strong, sinewy, brawny, athletic, lusty, robust, sturdy, stalwart, vigorous, able- bodied. 2. Brave, valiant, valorous, intrepid, bold, manful, manly, resolute, gallant, firm, indomi- table, hardy, courageous, dauntless, doughty. 3. Proud, resolute, obstinate, stubborn, con- tumacious. 4. Firm, strong, solid, strongly built, hardy, compact, sturdy, stanch. 5. Large, corpulent, obese, strapping, bounc- ing, portly, chubby, jolly, burly, plump, fat, in good case, thick-set. Stout-hearted, a. Brave, valiant, valorous, courageous, resolute, gallant, intrepid, fearless, heroic, manly, dauntless, redoubtable. Stove-pipe, «. Funnel. Stow, V. a. Pack, stuff, stive, wedge in, put in compactly. Strabism, «. See Strabismus. Strabismus, n. Squinting, strabism, cast of the eye, obliquity of vision. Straddle, v. a. Bestride. Straggle, v. n, I. Rove, wander. 2. Ramble, stroll, range, roam, wander, deviate, stray, rove, digress, gad about, go out of the way, go astray. Straggler, «. l. Wanderer, rover. 2. Rambler, strayer, stroller, vagrant, vaga- bond, nomad, bird of passage. Straggling, a I. Roving, rambling, straying, strolling, wandering. 2. Scattered, occurring here and there. 3. Isolated, solitary. Strablstein, «. ActinoUte, ray-stone. Straight, a. I. Rectilinear, direct, short, near, right, undeviating, unswerving. 2. Vertical, upright, erect, perpendicular, right. 3. Tight, narrow, close. See Strait. 4. Just, fair, honorable, straightforward, honest, equitable. Strail^ht, ad. Immediately, directly, forthwith, straightway, at once, without delay. Straight-edge, «. Strike, strickle. Straighten, v. a. Make straight. Strai§:htforward, a. I. Direct, undeviating, straight 2. Truthful, veracious, reliable, trustwor- thy. 3. Honest, honorable, equitable, fair, just, square, even-handed, upright, straight, consci- entious. 4. Artless, ingenuous, frank, sincere, candid, honest, guileless, outspoken, true-hearted. Straightforward, ad. Directly, in a straight line, without turning to the right or to the left. STRAIGHTWAY 408 STRENGTH Straightway, ad. Immediately, directly, without delay, straight, at once, forthwith. Straik, «. See Strake. Strain, v. a. I. Stretch, draw tightly, make tense, make tight, tighten. 2. Wrench, sprain, injure by stretching. 3. Exert (,to the utmost), put to the utmost strength. 4. Pervert {Jront the true intent)^ push too far. 5. Squeeze, press, embrace, hug, fold tightly in the arms. 6. Force, constrain, compel. 7. Filter, purify {by filtration), filtrate, perco- late. 8. Fatigue, over-exert, tire, over-task, over- work. Strain, v «. I. Try hard, make great efforts. 2. Percolate, filter, be filtered, be strained. Strain, n, I. Extreme tension. 2. Over-exertion, violent effort, great exer- tion. 3. Sprain, wrench. 4. Tune, melody, movement. 5. Poem, lay, song, sonnet. 6. Style, manner 7. Turn, tendency, disposition, inborn dispo- sition. 8. Bearing, conduct, port, rnanner of action. 9. Stock, race, descent, family, lineage, pedi- gree, descent, extraction. Strait, a. I. Narrow, close, contracted, con- stricted, constrained, confined. 2. Strict, rigorous, rigid, severe. 3. Difficult, distressful, straitened, grievous. Strait, a. I. Narrow pass {especially between two seas), gut, narrows. 2. Distress, difficulty, perplexity, dilemma, embarrassment, pinch, exigency, emergency, critical situation, distressing necessity, pass. Straiten, v. a. I. Confine, limit, constrict, con- tract, constrain. 2. Narrow. 3. Stretch, straighten, make tight or tense. 4. Distress, perplex, pinch, embarrass, press. Straitened, a. Distressed, perplexed, embar- rassed, pinched, limited. Strait-jacket, «. Strait-waistcoat. Strait-laced, a. Strict, rigid, formal, stiff, stern, rigorous, austere, uncompromising. Straitness, «. I. Strictness, rigor, severity, nar- rowness. 2. Difficulty, distress, trouble. 3. Want, scarcity, insufficiency, narrowness. Strait-waistcoat, «. Strait-jacket. Strake, « (Ship building.) Streak, range of planks (on the side of a vessel). S^amonium, «. Thorn-apple, stramony, James- town weed, apple-Peru {Datura stramonium). Stramony, «. See Stramonium. Strand, «. Beach, shore, coast. Strand, v. n. Run aground, get ashore, be wrecked, be cast away. Stranded, a. Aground, ashore, wrecked, cast away. Strange, a. I. Foreign, outlandish, exotic, alien. 2. New, novel. 3. Unusual, uncommon, irregular, odd, singu- lar, peculiar, particular, exceptional, rare, extra- ordinary, curious. 4. Unnatural, abnormal, anomalous, extraor- dinary, wonderful, inexplicable, marvellous, pre- ternatural, unaccountable, mysterious, unique, unheard of, out of the way. 5. Odd, eccentric, queer, peculiar, bizarre. 6. Unacquainted, unknown, unfamiliar. Stranceness, n. I. Foreignness. 2. Distance, reserve, coldness, shyness, un- communicativeness. 3. Uncouthness, oddness, singularity, eccen- tricity, grotesqueness. 4. Estrangement, alienation, mutual dislike. 5. Wonderfulness, marvellousness, uncom- monness. Stranger, «. I. Foreigner, alien. 2. Guest, visitor, visitant. Stranger, a. I. Foreign, alien. 2. Unacquainted, unknown. Strangle, v. a. I. Choke, throttle, suffocate. 2. Suppress, keep back. Strap, n. I. Thong. 2. Strop, razor-strap, razor-strop. 3. Ligature, tie, band. Strap, V. a. I. Whip (with a strap). 2. Bind (with a strap), fasten. 3. Strop, sharpen (on a strap). Strapping, a. (Collog.) Large, burly, stout, tall, strong, big, lusty, stalwart. Strata, «. pi. [L. sing, stratum.^ Layers {as of rocks), beds. Stratagem, «. Artifice, device, manoeuvre, in- trigue, wile, trick, fetch, dodge, crafty device, machination, plot, plan, scheme, artful contriv- ance, stroke of policy, finesse, ruse. StrategetiCS, «.//. Strategy, generalship. Strategist, »- Skilful general, adroit tactician, expert manoeuvrer. Strategy, «. Generalship, strategetics, tactics, military science. Stratified, a. In strata, in layers. Stratum, «. [L. //. strata.^ Layer, bed. Straw, «. I. Stalk, stem or culm (of grain after being thrashed). 2. Fig, pin, button, rush, penny, farthing, snap. Straw, V. a. See Strew. Straw-colored, a. Yellowish, strawy, stramin- eous. Strawy, a. I. Of straw, stramineous. 2. Straw-colored, stramineous. Stray, v. n. I. Wander, rove, ramble, range, roam, straggle, stroll, deviate, digress, go out of the way, go astray. 2. Swerve {from rectitude), err. Stray, «. Estray. Stray, a. {Collog.) Strayed, wandering, gone astray. Strayer, «. Wanderer, rambler, rover, stroller, vagrant, straggler, vagabond, nomad, bird of passage. Streak, n. I. Stripe. 2. See Strakb. Streak, v. a. Stripe. Streaked, a. Striped, streaky. Streaky, a. Striped, streaked. Stream, n. I. Current, course, flow, rush, tide. 2. River, rivulet, brook, run. 3. Current, drift, tendency, tide. Stream, v. n. I. Flow, run, glide, pour. 2. Shed, pour out, emit. 3. Issue, radiate, go forth. 4. Extend, stretch out. Streamer, «. Pennon, banner, flag, ensign, stand- ard, colors. Streamlet, «. Rill, brook, rivulet, runlet, runnel, run, small stream, burn. Street, «. Road, highway, public way, way. Street-walker, «. Common prostitute. Strength, n. I. Power, might, force, potency, puissance, nerve, vigor. 2. Solidity, toughness, hardness. 3. Impregnability. 4. Lustiness, brawniness, robustness, stout- STRENGTHEN 409 STRIKE UP 5. Fortitude, courage, spirit, animation, firm- ness, resolution. 6. Validity, cogency, efficacy, soundness. 7. Vigor {of style), energy, nervous diction, serve, force. 8. Support, security, stay 9. Intensity, brightness, brilliance, clearness, ▼ividness. 10. Spirit, virtue, excellence, potency. 11. Vehemence, force, impetuosity, violence. 12. Energy, boldness, vigor. 13. Armament, force. Strensftlieil, v. a. I. Make strong, make stronger, give strength to, add strength to. 2. Fortify. 3. Harden, brace, nerve, steel. 4. Intensify, make more intense. 5. Invigorate, impart health to. 6. Animate, encourage, fix in resolution. 7. Confirm, corroborate, establish, justify, sus- tain, suppoit, fix. Strengthen, v. n. Grow strong. Strengthening, a. I. Fortifying, bracing. 2. Invigorating, roborant, tonic. Strenuous, a. I. Zealous, ardent, earnest, active, vigorous, resolute, energetic, eager. 2. Vigorous, spirited, bold, valiant, intrepid, strong, determined, resolute, doughty. Strenuously, ad. I. Earnestly, ardently, eagerly, vigorously, zealously, resolutely, energetically, actively, with all one's might, with might and main, tooth and nail, through thick and thin, through fire and water, hammer and tongs, Pugnis et calcibus. 2. Boldly, courageously, valiantly, intrepidly, bravely. I. Force, strain. 2. Violence, mclemency, boisterousness, se- verity. 3. Pressure, urgency. 4. Importance, significance, weight, force. 5. Emphasis, accent. Stretch, v. a. I. Strain, tighten, make tense. 2. Extend, lengthen, elongate, draw out. 3. Reach, stretch forth, hold out, extend, put forth. 4. Spread, expand, unfold, display. 5. Strain, sprain. 6. Exaggerate, extend too far, strain. Stretch, v. «• Extend, reach, be drawn out. Stretch, n. I. Extent, extension, reach, compass, range. 2. Effort, struggle, strain, exertion. 3. Course, direction. Stretcher, «. Litter. Strew, V. a. I. Scatter, spread, strow. 2. Cover, overspread. Stria, ». \V.. pi. S trice. ^ Furrow, groove, chan- nel. Striated I ^' Channelled, furrowed, grooved. Stricken, a. I. Struck, smitten, wounded, af- flicted. 2. Advanced {in years), far gone, worn out, aged, venerable, time-worn. Stricken hour. Whole hour, entire hour. Strickle, «. [Written also Sirikle.] Strike, straight-edge. Strict, a. I. Tight, strained, tense, close. 2. Tense. 3. Exact, accurate, precise, very nice, careful, scrupulous, particular, close. 4. Severe, rigorous, stringent, stem, austere, harsh, uncompromising, strait-laced. 5. Confined, limited, restricted, exact. Stricture, «. I. Animadversion, censure, criti- cism, critical remark. 2. (Med.) Contraction {of some duct, as th« oesophagus), drawmg. Stride, «. Long step. Stride, v. n. Take long steps. Stride, V. a. Bestride. Stridor, «. [L.J Grating, creaking, jarring, harsh sound. StridulOUS, a. Grating, harsh, creaking. Strife, n. I. Contention, contest, conflict, strug- gle, quarrel, discord. 2. Contrariety, opposition, disagreement. 3. Emulation, competition. Strike, v. a. I. Smite, beat, hit, knock, pound, give a blow to. 2. Slap, smite, buffet, beat, pound, thump, cuff. 3. Cast, dash, hurl. 4. Impress, imprint, stamp. 5. Mint, coin. 6. Thrust, shoot. 7. Thrust, force, drive, impel. 8. Deal, inflict, give. 9. Cause {by a sudden impulse), produce. 10. Impress {sitddenly), affect. 11. Lower {as a sait), take down, haul down. 12. Punish, afflict, smite, chastise. 13. Sound, cause to sound. 14. Make, ratify, conclude. 15. Run on, ground on, hit. Strike, v. «. I. Deal a blow. 2. Hit, clash, dash, collide, touch, come in contact. 3. Sound {by percussion), be struck. 4. Dart, penetrate, pass quickly, shoot. 5. Be stranded, run aground. 6. Yield, surrender, strike the flag. 7. [Modern.'] Rebel, mutiny, rise, quit work (i« order to extort higher wages). 8. Touch. 9. Break forth, begin suddenly, burst. Strike, n. I. Stroke. 2. Strickle, straight-edge, strikle 3. Suspension of work {in order to extort higher wages), mutiny, revolt. Strike an account. \ p.,i..„^„ „ Strike a ledger. ( Balance .t. Strike at. Attempt to strike, aim a blow at, try to hit. Strike for. Start suddenly for, make for, move toward, go toward. Strike hands with. I. Shake hands with. 2. Agree with, make a bargain with, join. Strike home. Deal an effective blow. Strike in. I. Enter suddenly. 2. Interpose, interrupt. 3. Recede {from the surface), disappear. Strike in with. Side with, take part with, con- form to, suit itself to, join with at once. Strike off. I. Cut off \by a blow), separate. 2. Erase {from an account), strike out, re- move. 3. Print {as copies of a book), impress. Strike out. {Active.) I. Produce {by a blow), force out. 2. Erase, efface, expunge, blot out, strike off. 3. Devise, contrive, invent, plan. 4. Bring to light. Strike out. {Neuter.) Rove, wander, make a sudden excursion. Strike sail. Stop, stop progress, go no farther, cease to advance. Strike the iron while it Is hot. Seize the oc- casion, let not the opportunity slip, make hay while the sun shines. Strike up. I. Begin to beat {as drums), cause to sound 2. Begin to play or sing. STRIKING 410 STUBBORN StrHdng, a Affecting, impressive, surprising, astonishing, wonderful, extraordinary, loicible. String, n. I. Line, cord, thread, iwiue. 2. Ribbon, fillet. 3. Row, file, series, concatenation. 4. Chord. 5. Fibre. 6. Nerve, tendon, sinew. String, V. a. I. File, put on a string. 2. Set in a row, put in line. 3. Strengthen, fortify, make firm, mike tense. Stringent, a. I. Binding, contracting. 2. Strict, rigid, severe, rigorous. String-halt, «. Spring-halt. Stringy, a. I. Fibrous, filamentous. 2. Ropy, viscid, viscous, glutinous, adhesive, smeary, dauby, gluey, tough, tenacious. Strip, V. a. I. Tear off, pull off, strip o£E. 2. Uncover, denude, peel, lay bare. 3. Divest, deprive, bereave, despoil, fleece, shave, make destitute. 4. Unrig, dismantle. 5. Rob, plunder, pillage, spoil, sack, ransack, devastate, desolate, lay waste. 6. Fleece, rob, plunder, despoil. 7. Milk dry. Strip, V. n. Undress, uncover, take off the clothes. Strip, n. Piece (Jong and narrow, torn off), slip, shred. Stripe, V. a. Streak. Stripe, «. I. Streak, 2. Stroke {with a lash), blow, lash. 3. Wale, mark of the lash. Striped, a. Streaked. Striped alder. Witch-hazel. striped squirrel. Hackee, chipmunk, strip from. Take away from. Stripling, «. Lad, boy, youth. Strip off. I. Pull off, take oflF. 2. Cast off. StrlppingS, «. pi. Stmkings. Stritchel, «. See Strickle. Strive, v. n. I. Labor, endeavor, toil, struggle, try, aim, exert one's self, make an effort, do one's best, lay one's self out. 2. Contend, contest, fight, have a contest. 3. Compete, cope, strive together, contend, struggle. 4. {Poetical.) Vie, compete, compare, be comparable. Stroblline, a. Cone-shaped, strobiliform, strobila- ceous. Stroke, «. I. Blow, knock, rap, pat, hit, thump 2. Attack, shock. 3. Affliction, reverse, calamity, hardship, mis- fortune, visitation. 4. Touch, dash, sudden effort, sudden effect. Stroke, v. a. Rub gently (with the hands, in one direction). StrokingS, «. //. Strippings. Stroll, V. n. Wander, ramble, rove, roam, strag- gle, stray, range, wander about, stray about. StroU, «. Ramble, walk, promenade, excursion, trip, tour, wandering, rambling, roving. Stroller, «. Wanderer, rambler, rover, strayer, straggler, vagrant, vagabond, nomad, bird of passage. Strolling, a. Wandering, roving, vagrant, no- madic. Strong, a. I. Vigorous, robust, sturdy, athletic, brawny, sinewy, muscular, stalwart, Herculean, able-bodied, hardy, stout, lusty, powerful. 2. Hale, sound, robust, firm, solid, able to endure, healthy, hardy, stout, tough. 3. Able, capable, efficient, mighty, potent, powerful, puissant. 4. Firm, solid, compact, impregnable, secure, well fortified 5. Energetic, vivid, intense, forcible, bold. 6. Violent, impetuous, vehement, foicibie. 7. Pungent, piquant, biting, sharp, racy, spicy, hot, high-flavored. 8. Rank, strong-smelling. 9. Tenacious, tough, cohesive, resisting, stub- born, firm, compact. 10. Cogent, forcible, impressive, conclusive, persuasive, powerful, influential. 11. Ardent, eager, zealous, hearty, earnest, strenuous, stanch. 12. Potent. 13. Vivid, intense, brilliant, dazzling. 14. Alcoholic (in a high degree), intoxicating, 15. Substantial, solid, difficult to digest. 16. Valid, confirmed, binding. 17. Firm, sound, stout, stanch. Strong-b02, «- Coffer {/or money), safe, money- chest. Strong-hand, «. Violence, force, power, strength. Stronghold, «. Fort, fortress, castle, citadel, for- tification, fastness, keep, bulwark, donjon, muni- ment, fortified place. Strongly, ad. I. Powerfully. 2. Firmly. 3. Vehemently, forcibly, eagerly, violently> earnestly, strenuously. Strong-scented, a. See Stkong-smelling. Strong-smelling, a. Rank, fetid, strong-scented, frowsy. Strop, «. Strap, razor-strap, razor-strop. Strop, V- a. Strap, sharpen (on a strap). Strow, V. a. See Strew. Structure, «. I. Construction, make, form, ar- rangement, conformation, configuration, constitu- tion, mode of building, manner of making. 2. Formation, composition, arrangement of parts, texture. 3. Edifice, fabric, building, erection, pile. Struggle, V. n. I, Strive, labor, toil, endeavor, try, aim, exert one's self, make an effort, do one's best. 2. Contend, contest, fight, have a contest 3. Writhe, be in agony, labor in distress. Struggle, n. I. Labor, endeavor, effort, exertion, pains. 2. Contest, contention, conflict, strife, fight. 3. Contortions, agony, distress. Strum, V. a. Thrum, play, play upon. Struma, «. I. {Med. ) Scrofula, king's evil. 2. (Bot.) Swelling, protuberance. strumpet, «. Harlot, prostitute, whore, courte- san, punk, wench, drab, Cyprian, street-walker, night-walker, woman of the town, woman of lU fame. Strumpet, a. False, inconstant. Strumpet, v. a. Belie, slander, vilify, malign Strut, V. n. Walk (pompously), swell. Strut, n. I. Pompous walk. 2. {Arch.) Brace, stretching-piece. Strychllia, «. Strychnine. Stiychnine, «. Strychnia. Stub, n. I. Stump. 2. Log, block Stub, V. a. I. Eradicate, grub up, extirpate. 2. (Colloq., US.) Strike (as the toes, against a stump, stone, etc. ). Stubbed, rt. Blunt, obtuse, truncated, stubby, short and thick. Stubborn, a. I. Obstinate, unyielding, inflex- ible, positive, contumacious, refractory, perverse, headstrong, wilful, dogged, mulish, unruly, un- STUBBY 411 STURDY manageable, ungovernable, intractable, indocile, heady, cross-grained, obdurate. 2. Persevering, persistent, steady, constant, unremitting. 3. Stiff, unpliant, inflexible, firm, tough, bard, strong. 4. Hardy, firm, enduring, stoical, uncomplam- ing. 5. Refractory, difficult of fusion. Stubby, a. Blunt, obtuse, truncated, stubbed, short and thick. Stucco, V. a. Cover with stucco. Stucco, n. Plaster {/or coverme walls and ceil' ings\ mortar, cement. Stuckie, n. See Stook. Stud, «. I. Post, prop, support. 2. Knob {/or ornament), boss- 3. Button {/or a shirt-bosom). Student, n. I. Scholar, pupil, learner. 2. Scholar, bookish man. 3. Close exammer, observer. Stud-horse, «• See Stallion. Studied, a. I. Well-considered, closely exam- ined, carefully read 2. Well-versed, learned, qualified by study, skilled. 3. Premeditated, deliberate, studious, prede- termined, wilful. Studio, «. Workshop {o/an artist). Studious, a. I. Meditative, reflective, contempla- tive, given to study, thoughtful. 2. Dil: ous. iligent, assiduous, eager, zealous, desir- 3. Planned, deliberate, studied, premeditated. 4. {Poetical.) Thoughtful, quiet, sober, favor- able to study. Studious of. Careful of, attentive to, inter- ested in. Study, n. I. Research, inquiry, investigation, close attention, application of mind. 2. Meditation, thought, reflection, cogitation, studious mood, contemplation, consideration 3. Subject of attention. Study, V. n. I. Meditate, muse, reflect, cogitate, think, ponder, apply the mmd. 2. Be eager, be zealous, try hard, do one's best. Study, V. a- I. Learn, apply the mind to. 2. Investigate, examine, scrutinize, contem- plate, ponder, weigh, sift, search into, meditate on, think about, reflect upon, inquire into, con- sider attentively, revolve in the mind. 3. Con over, commit to memory, learn, get by heart or rote. Stuff, tt. I. Material, matter, substance, raw material. 2. Cloth, textile fabric. 3. Essence, elemental part. 4. Mixture, medicine, potion. 5. Refuse, rubbish, trash. 6. Trash, nonsense, absurdity, folly, moon- shine, twaddle, balderdash, fudge, inanity, plati- tude, flummery. Stuff, V. a. I. Cram, stow, pack, fill fulL 2. Press, crowd, squeeze. 3. Fill {by being put into). 4. Fill with dressing {as meat). 5. Obstruct {as any of the organs). Stuff, V. n. Cram, eat greedily, feed. Stuffing, H. I. Filling full. 2. Dressing, force-meat. Stuffy, a. Musty, close, confined, mouldy-smel- ling. Stultify, V. a. Make foolish, prove foolish, make a fool of. Stumble, v. a. I. Obstruct, trip, cause to stumble. 2. Perplex, confound, puzzle, nonplus, con- fuse, embarrass, pose. Stumble, v. n. I. Trip, miss one's footing, make a false step. 2. Err, do wrong. Stumble, ». I. Trip, false step. 2. Error, blunder, failure. Stumble on. i Fall upon by chance, light Stumble upon. ) upon, strike upon without design. Stumbling-block, n. Hindrance, obstruction, obstacle, check, bar, barrier, difficulty, impedi- ment, lion in the way, stumbling-stone. Stumbling-Stone, «. See Stumbling-block. Stump, n. Stub. Stun, V. a. I. Make senseless {by a blow), make dizzy. 2. Stupefy, confound, bewilder, overcome, dizzy, dumfound, astonish, overwhelm, over- power 3. Deafen, make deaf. Stunning, a. I. Deafening, stentorian, very loud. 2. Stupefying. 3. {CoUoq.) Striking, astonishing, wonderful. Stunt, V. a. Dwarf, stint, stop the growth of, hinder from growth. Stunted, a. Undersized, dwarfish, dwarfed, di- minutive, small, little, tiny, Liliputian, pygmean. Stupe, n. Fomentation, sweating bath. Stupe, V. a. Foment, bathe with warm lotions. StUpefacient, «. Stupefactiye, narcotic, opiate, sedative, anodyne, anxsthetic, sleepinj^-draught. Stupefaction, n. I. Lethargy, stupor, numbness. 2. Insensibility, dulness, obtuseness, torpor, stupidity. Stupefactiye, a. Stupefying. stupefy, V. a. [Written also Stuf>i/y.'\ Dull, blunt, benumb, muddle, hebetate, make stupid, make dull, make torpid. Stupef3dng, a. Stupefactive. Stupendous, a. I. Astonishing, surprising, amaz- ing, wonderful, wondrous, marvellous, over- whelming, astounding. 2. Huge, vast, prodigious, tremendous. Stupid, a. I. Senseless, witless, dull, simple, doltish, stolid, obtuse, foolish, sluggish, insensi- ble, brutish, insensate, muddy, muddy-brained, muddy-headed, sottish, slow of apprehension, void of understanding, fat-witted. 2. Unentertaining, prosaic, pointless, prosy, flat, heavy, insipid, tame, vapid, bald, uninterest- ing, humdrum, dull, foolish, tiresome, tedious. 3. Stupefiedj drowsy, torpid, heavy, comatose, lethargic, morbidly sleepy. Stupidity» «. I. Dulness, obtuseness, insensi- bility, sottishness, blockishness, doltishness, senselessness, sluggishness of understanding, slowness of apprehension. 2. Lifelessness, heaviness, insipidity, tame- ness, vapidness, want of interest, stupidness. 3. Stupor, lethargy, torpor, stupefaction, mor- bid drowsiness, coma. Stnpify, V. a. See Sti;pefv. Stupor, «. Lethargy, narcosis, torpor, numbness, coma, stupefaction. Stupration, «. {Rare!) Ravishment, ravishing, rape, defloration, violation, constupration, stu- prum. Sturdily, ad. Hardily, stoutly, lustily, resolutely, obstinately. Sturdiness, n. Stoutness, hardiness, strength. Sturdy, a. I. Bold ( from coarseness or rude- ness), obstinate, dogged, stubborn, pertinacious, firm, stiff, hardy, persevering. 2. Strong, lusty, robust, stout, stalwart, ath- letic, brawny, muscular, hardy, vigorous, power- ful, forcible, well-set, thick-set. STUTTER 412 SUBLIME 3. Stiff, stout, strong, hardy, firm. Stutter, v. n. Stammer, hesitate, falter. Sty» «• I* Hog-sty, pig-sty, swine-pen. 2. Tumor (^« tfie edge of the eyelid). 3. Place of debauchery, sink of corruption. 4. Filthy place, den, sink, Augean stable, slum, rookery. Stygian, a. I. Hellish, infernal, diabolical. 2. Dark, Cimmerian, tenebrous, sunless, som- bre, gloomy, murky. Style, «. I. Diction, phraseology, mode of ex- pression, mode of speech, turn of expression, manner of writing. 2. Manner, method, mode, way, form, fash- ion, cast, pattern. 3. Title, appellation, name, designation, de- nomination, mode of address. 4. Gnomon {of a dial), pin. 5. Stylus. 6. Graver or etching-needle. Style, V. a. Denominate, name, designate, call, term, dub, christen, characterize, entitle. Stylet, «. I. Stiletto, poniard, dagger. 2. {Surgery.) Specillum. Stylish, a. {Collog.) Fashionable, modish, gen- teel, courtly, in fashion, in vogue, h la mode. Stylite, «. Pillarist, pillar saint. Stylus, n. [Written also Stilus.] Style. S^tiC, «. [VVritten also Stiptic.\ Astringent {to stop bleeding). Styptic, \a. ["NrM^n a\so Stiptic, Stiptical.] StSrPtickl, j Astringent, binding, contracting. StS^y, «. See Stithy. Suant, a. [Local Eng. and U. S. Written also Suent.} I. Even, smooth, uniform, regular, equable, plain. 2. Easy, quiet, insinuating. Suasion, «. See Persuasion. Suasory, a. Persuasive, suasive. Suave, a. Pleasant, agreeable, gracious, delight- ful, courteous, amiable, sweet, debonair, urbane, affable, mild. Suavity, «. Sweetness {o/ temper or of man- ner), urbanity, amenity, civility, politeness, courtesy, decorum, gentleness, mildness, pleas- antness, agreeableness, complaisance, affability, amiability, conciliatoriness, obliging manner, good manners, good-breeding. Subacid, a. Slightly acid, somewhat acid, some- what sour, sourish. Subaltern, a. Inferior, subordinate, subalternate. Sub-bass, ». {Mus.) Ground-bass, fundamental bass. Subdivision, n. I. Division, dividing, ramifica- tion. 2. Part, portion, piece, fraction, section, share. Snbduce, ) v. a. I. Withdraw, take away. Subduct, ) 2. Subtract. Subdue, V. a. I. Conquer, subjugate, subject, overcome, overpower, vanquish, overbear. 2. Vanquish, beat, crush, defeat, rout, dis- comfit, worst, overpower, overcome, overbear, overwhelm, master. 3. Quell, surmount, foil, get the better of, get the upper hand of, put down, beat down. 4. Overpower, destroy, overcome, reduce, choke, choke down, suppress, repress. 5. Tame, subject, control, make submissive, bring under rule, break, make tractable, disci- pline. 6. Overcome, reduce, destroy the force of, break. 7. Melt, soften, mollify. 8. Break, make mellow. 9. Destroy, eradicate, root out. Subduer, n. I. Conqueror, vanquisher, victor. 2. Tamer. iuberoS, 1 * Cork-like, corky, soft, elastic. Subject, V. a. I. Subdue, control, bring under rule, make submissive, make subordinate. 2. Enslave, enthrall. 3. Expose, make liable. 4. Submit, refer, make accountable. 5. Make subservient. 6. Cause to undergo. Subject, a. I. Underneath, beneath, placed un- der, subjacent. 2. Subservient, subjected, subordinate, infe- rior, in bondage, under the lash, under one's thumb, under one's command, at one's com- mand, at one's beck or call, at one's mercy. 3. Submissive, obedient. 4. Exposed, liable, proire, disposed, obnoxious. Subject, «. I. Dependant, subordinate, person owing allegiance. 2. Topic, theme, thesis, point, matter, subject- matter, matter in hand, object-matter. 3. Hero, person treated of. 4. {Gram, and Log.) Subject-term, leading term, nominative. 5. {Anat) Corpse, dead body, carcass, body for dissection, cadaver. 6. (Archaic Met.) Substance. 7. Recipient, object, case, patient. 8. Experiencing mind. 9. Mind, thinking being, conscious being, con- scious subject, self, ego, me. Subjection, «. I. (Act of) subjecting, subduing, controlling, putting down or under, subjugation, conquest, subordinating. 2. Dependence, subordination, subserviency, subordinacy. Subjective, a I. Belonging to or characteristic of the subject {as contrasted with the object), in the mind, within the self. 2. Merely mental, limited to the subject, in the mind only, unreal, non-objective, not actual, internal, non-external. 3. Imagined, fancied, imajiinary, illusory. 4. Introversive, introspective, contemplative, inward-looking, dealing with one's own feelings, colored by one's own states. Subject-matter, «. Subject, topic, matter, theme, object-matter. Subjoin, V. a. Add {at the end), annex, affix, suffix, postfix, append, join. Sub judice. [L.] Under consideration, not yet decided. Subjugate, v. a. Conquer, vanquish, subdue, overcome, overpower, overbear, overthrow, mas- ter, subject. Subjugation, «. Conquest, mastery, subjec- tion. Subjugator, «. Conqueror, victor, enslaver. Subjunctive, a. Subjoined, annexed, added, joined. Sublet, V. a. Underlet. Sublimate, v. a. I. {Chem.) See Sublimb. 2. Refine, exalt, elevate, heighten. Sublimation, n. I. Vaporization {of a solid, to be again condensed). 2. Refinement, exaltation, elevation. Sublime, a. I. High, elevated, aloft. 2. Exalted {in excellence or dignity), great, noble, grand, lofty, eminent. 3. Stately, majestic, eminent, grand, solemn, noble, magnificent, glorious. 4. Elate, elevated, raised, exhilarated. Sublime, v. a. I. Vaporize {as a solid, to be again condensed), sublimate. 2. Refine, exalt, elevate, heighten, improve, purify. 3. Dignify, ennoble, exalt, elevate, greaten. SUBLIME PORTE 413 SUBSTRATUM Sabllme Porte. Turkish court, Porte, Ottoman government. Sublimity, «. I. Elevation, lofty height. 2. Grandeur, greatness, nobleness, loftiness, exaltation, nobility, siiblimeness. 3. Exaltation, elevation. 4. Loftiness, grandeur, greatness. Sublunary, a. Earthly, mundane, terrestrial, sub- astral, subcelestial, sublunar. Submarine, «. Foundation, under-building. Subterfuge, «. Evasion, excuse, shift, artifice, trick, quirk, shuffle, pretence, pretext, mask, soph- istry. Subterranean, Subterraneous, Subtile, a. I. Rare, thin, light, airy, ethereal, sublimated. 2. Delicate, fine, slender, nice. 3. Acute, keen, piercing, excruciating. 4. Refined, shrewd, discerning, discriminating, nice. 5. Sly, artful, cunning, crafty, insinuating, subtle. Subtileness, «. See Subtilty. Subtilize, v. a. I. Make thin. 2. Rarefy, etherealize. 3. Refine excessively, make over-nice. Subtilize, V. n. Refine, be over-nice. Subtilty, «- I. Rarity, thinness, etherealness, subtileness. 2. Fineness, slenderness. 3. Refinement, extreme nicety, subtlety, acuteness. 4. Slyness, cunning, artifice, craft, subtlety. Subtle, a. I. Crafty, cunning, artful, sly, wily, arch, astute, designing, intriguing, insinuating, crooked, tricky, diplomatic, Machiavelian, so- phistical, Jesuitical. 2. Cunning, artful, cunningly devised. 3. Acute, keen, shrewd, sagacious, deep, pro- found. Subtleness, n. See Subtlety. Subtlety, «. I. Craft, craftiness, cunning, arti- fice, astuteness, artfulness, subtleness, guile. 2. Acuteness, acumen, keenness, shrewdness, discernment, intelligence, cleverness, sagacity. Subtract, V. a. Deduct, withdraw, take, take away. Subtraction, n. Deduction. iSbSl&l- Awl-shaped, linear. Suburbs, «. //. Environs, outskirts, purlieus, neighborhood, vicinage, border, limit, confines, faubourg. Subvention, n. Government bounty, government aid. Subversion, «. I. Overturn, inversion. 2. Overthrow, destruction, demolition, ruin. Subversive, a. Destructive, tending to the over- throw. Subvert, v. a. I. Overturn, overset, overthrow, reverse, upset, invert, turn upside down. 2. Destroy, ruin, overthrow, demolish, raze, extinguish, overturn, upset. 3. Pervert, corrupt, confound, destroy, in- jure. Succedaneum, «. Substitute. Succeed, v. a. I. Follow, come after, be subse- quent to. 2. Take the place of, assume the office of, fol- low in order. Succeed, v. «. I. Follow, ensue, come after- ward, come subsequently. 2. Prosper, flourish, prevail, thrive, hit, make a hit, come on, be successful, meet with success, go on well, go on swimmingly, have a run of luck, hit the right nail on the head, turn up trumps, have the game in one's hands. Succeeding:, a. Following, subsequent. Succeed to. I. Follow, succeed, come after. 2. Take the place of, assume the authority of. n. I, Issue, result. 2. Prosperity, luck, good fortune, good luck, lucky hit, fortunate hit, prosperous issue. Successful, a. Prosperous, fortunate, lucky, aus- picious, felicitous, happy. Successfully, ad. Favorably, prosperously, luck- ily, fortunately. Succession, n. I. Sequence, consecution. 2. Series, suite, progression, chain, concate- nation. 3. Lineage, race, line of descendants. 4. (Mus.) Notes of melody {as distinguished from chords of harmony). Successive, a. Consecutive. Successor, «. Follower. Succinct, a . Short, brief, concise, laconic, terse, compact, compendious, condensed, pithy, sum- mary, curt. Succor, V. a. I. Aid, assist, help, relieve. 2. Cherish, foster, encourage, nurse, comfort. Succor, n. Relief, aid, assistance, help, support, helping hand. Succory, «. Chiccory, Succulence^ } t • • SucculeScy,!"- J"'^'"«««- Succulent, a. Juicy, sappy, lush, full of juice, succulous, nutritive. Succumb, V. n. Yield, submit, surrender, capitu- late, give in, give way. Succussion, n. Agitation, shake, shaking. Sucb, a, I, Like, similar, of that kind, of the like kind. 2. So, in the same state or condition, as it is, as it was. Such a. I Of this kind, of that kind, of the same Such an. ) kind. Such as I. Of the same kind as, of the like kind as, of the kind that. 2. The same as. Suck, V. a. I. Draw into the mouth. 2. Draw milk from {with the mouth). 3. Draw in, imbibe, absorb. 4. Draw in, swallow up, engulf. Sucker, n. I. One who sucks. 2. Embolus, piston. 3. {Ich.) Lump-sucker, lump-fish. 4. {Bot.) Stole, stolon. Suck in. Imbibe, absorb, take in, suck up. Suckle, V. a. Nurse, give suck to, feed at the breast. Suckling, n. Infant, babe, baby, nursling, chit, brat, bantling, little child, little one. Suck out. Draw out with the mouth, empty by suction. Suck up. Draw into the mouth, imbibe, absorb. Sucrose, «. Cane-sugar. Sudatory, n. Hot-house, sweating-bath, vapor- bath, sweating-room, stew, bagnio, Turkish bath, Russian bath, warm bath, tepidarium. Sudatory, «• Sweating, perspiring. Sudden, a. I, Unexpected, abrupt, unforeseen, unanticipated, unlocked for, unusual. 2. Quick, rapid, quickly prepared. Suddenly, a. Unexpectedly, abruptly, pop, on a sudden. Sue, V. a. I. Prosecute, follow up, seek after, woo, solicit. 2. Prosecute, bring an action against, com- mence a suit against. Sue, V. n. I. Beg, petition, entreat, plead, sup- plicate, implore, pray, demand, seek by request. 2. Bring an action, make legal claim, prose- cute. Suent, a. [Local Eng. and U. S. Written also SrMnt."] I. Even, smooth, uniform, regular, equable, plain. 2. Easv, quiet, insinuating. Sue out. (Law.) Obtain by judicial process. Suet, «. Tallow {with adhering membranes)., beef- fat, mutton-fat. Suffer, V. a. I. Undergo, feel, meet with, expe- rience, go through. SUFFER 415 SULTRINESS 2. Endure, sustain, support, tolerate, bear, bear up under, put up with, siand, pocket, stomach. 3. Undergo, sustain, be affected by, be acted upon. 4. Permit, allow, indulge, admit, let, give per- mission to, give leave to. Suffer, V. n. I. Feel pain. 2. Be put to inconvenience. 3. Be punished, undergo punishment. 4. Be injured, be impaired, sustain loss or damage. Sufferance, n. I. Suffering, endurance, pain, misery, inconvenience. 2. Patience, moderation, long-suffering, sub- mission. 3. Permission, allowance, toleration. Suffering'^ n. I. Endurance, sufferance. 2. Pam, inconvenience, distress, misery, suf- ferance, passion. 3. Poverty, want. Suffice, V. n. Be enough, be sufficient. Suffice, V. a. Satisfy, content, be enough for. Sufficiency, «. I. Adequacy. 2. Ability, qualification, capacity. 3. Competence, enough. 4. Plenty, supply, ample stock. 5. Conceit, self-confidence, self-sufficiency. Sufficient, a. I. Adequate {to supply a wani), competent, ample, enough, full, satisfactory. 2. Qualified, fit, able, competent, responsible, equal. Suflix, ft. Affix, postfix. Suffix, V. a. Append, add, annex, postfix. Suffocate, v. a. I. Stifle, smother, choke, stran- gle, kill {dy stopping respiration). 2. Destroy, extinguish. Suffragan, «. Bishop {as subject to an arch- bishop), assistant bishop, suffragan bishop. Suffragan bishop. Suffragan, assistant bishop. Suffrage, «. I. Vote, voice, ballot. 2. Approval, witness, attestation, testimonial. 3. Prayer {as uttered by a congregation in response to a minister') Suffuse, V. a. Overspread, spread over, cover. Sugar, V. a. I. Sweeten. 2. Compliment, flatter, sweeten. Sugar-beet, n. Silesian beet, white beet {Beta alba). Sugar-berry, «. Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis). Sugar-maple, «. Rock-maple, sugar-tree {Acer saccharinum). Sugar of lead. Acetate of lead. Sugary, a. Sweet. Suggest, V. a. Hint, intimate, insinuate, move, propose, indicate, prompt, give an inkling of, refer to, glance at, allude to, put in mind of, remind of, recommend, advise. Suggestion, ». Hint, intimation, insinuation, allusion. Suicide, n. I. Self-murder, self-slaughter, self- homicide, self-destruction. 2. Self-murderer,^/<» de se. Sui generis. [L.] Peculiar, individual, of its own kind. Suit, n I. Set, suite. 2. Retinue, set, suite. 3. Request, solicitation, petition, entreaty, prayer, supplication, appeal, invocation, suing. 4. Courtship, wooing, addresses. 5. {Lam.) Prosecution, process, trial, action, cause, case. Suit, V. a. I. Fit, adapt, adjust, fashion, accom- modate, level, match, make suitable or proper. 2. Become, befit, beseem ; be suited, fitted, or adapted to ; be suitable for, be appropnate for. 3. Please, gratify, make content. Suit, V. H. Agree, accord, harmonize, comport, tally, correspond, match, answer. Suitable, a. Fit, proper, meet, apt, appropriate, seemly, becoming, due, just, apposite, applicable, fitting, befitting, relevant, eligible, adapted, ac- cordant, consonant, conformable, pertinent, agree- able, answerable, correspondent, decent, conven- ient, to the point, to the purpose. Suitableness, «. Fitness, propriety, agreeable- ness, correspondence, congruity, compatibility, consistency, consonance. Suite, »'. I. Train (e'^a/Z^Wi/aw/j), staff, retinue, followers, cortige. 2. Set {particularly of apartments), series, collection, suit. Suitor, M. I. Solicitor, petitioner, applicant, sup- pliant, supplicant. 2. Wooer, lover, gallant. Sulcated 1 "' Furrowed, grooved, scored. Sulk, V. n. Be sullen, be sulky, be out of humor. SuUdness, «. See Sullenness. Sulky, a. Cross, morose, sour, sullen, spleeny, spleenish, splenetic, perverse, wayward, surly, moody, dogged, churlish, mumpish, cross-grained, ill-tempered, ill-humored, in the sulks, out of humor, out of temper, out of tune. Sullen, a. I. Cross, morose,- sulky, sour, moody. 2. Gloomy, dismal, sombre, dark, funereal, mournful, foreboding, lowering, cheerless. 3. Heavy, dull, sluggish, slow, gloomy. 4. Obstinate, intractable, stubborn, refractory, perverse, vexatious. 5. Mischievous, malignant, baleful, unpropi- tious, evil, inauspicious, malign, sinister, un- lucky. Sullenness, n. I. Moroseness, moodiness, sour- ness, churlishness, spleen, sulkiness, ill-temper, bad blood. 2. Gloominess, sombreness, dismalness. 3. Sluggishness, slowness, heaviness. 4. Obstinacy, intractableness, stubbornness, intractability. 5. Malignity. Sully, V. a. I. Soil, stain, tarnish, spot, blemish, dirty, contaminate, deface. 2. Stain, soil, tarnish, blemish, dishonor, dis- grace, contaminate. Sulphate of baryta. I. {Naiive.) Barytes, heavy-spar. 2. {Artificially made.) Blanc-fix, permanent while. Sulphate of copper. Blue vitriol. Sulphate of potash. Vitriolated tartar. Sulphate of qulnla. Quinine. Sulphate of soda. Glauber's-salt, vitriolated soda. Stilphate of zinc. White vitriol. Sulphur, n. I. Brimstone, burn-stone. 2. \An abbreviated tertn of contmerce.\ Flow- ers of sulphur, sublimed brimstone. Sulphur-colored, a. Yellow, lemon-colored, primrose -colored, citrine, citron-colored, green- ish-yellow. Sulphuret of zinc. Blende, black-jack, mock lead, false galena. Sulphuretted hydr(»:en. Hydrosulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid. Oil of vitriol. Sulphurous, a. Sulphureous, sulphury. Sultan, «. Padishah, grand-seignior, Turkish emperor, soldan, grand Turk, Ottoman sover- eign. Stlltana, n. Sultaness, sultan's wife. Sultaness, ». See Sultana. Sultriness, n. Moist beat, mugginess, oppres- siveness, closeness. SULTRY 416 SUPERINTEND Snltry, a. Hot and close, warm and damp, close, stifling, oppressive, niu^gy. Sum, «. 1. Aggregate amount, total, totality, the whole, sum total, gross amount. 2. Quantity of money, any amount. 3. Summary, compendium, amount, substance, sum and substance. 4. Height, completion, summit, acme. 5. Question (/« arithmetic), problem. Stun, V. a. I. Add, add together, sum up, cast up, compute, calculate, reckon. 2. Condense, summarize, sum up, state in brief, collect, comprehend, epitomize, put in a nutshell. Summarily, ad. I. Briefly, concisely, compen- diously, in a tew words. 2. Without delay, by a short method. Summary, a. I. short, brief, concise, compen- dious, synoptical, succinct, laconic, curt, terse, pithy, compact, condensed. 2. Brief, rapid, quickly performed, quick. Summary, «. Abridgment, compend, compen- dium, abstract, epitome, digest, synopsis, sylla- bus, conspectus, sum and substance, the short and the long, resumi. Summation, n. I. Computation, addition. 2. Aggregate. Summer-duck, «. Wood-duck {Anas sponsa or Dendronessa sponsa). Summer-bouse, «. I, Arbor, garden-house, bower. 2. Country-seat. Summersault, «. See Summerset. Summerset, «. Somerset, somersault, summer- sault. Summit, «. I. Top, highest point. 2. Top, apex, vertex, acme, pinnacle, zenith, utmost height, culminating point. Summon, v. a. I. Bid, cite, call, invite, call for, send for, order to appear, notify to appear. 2. Give notice to, command to appear, con- vene, convoke. 3. {Mil. ) Demand the surrender of. Summons, «. Citation, official call or notice. Summon up. Raise, rousii, arouse, call up, excite, pluck up, call into action, Summum bonum. [L.] Greatest or highest good, supreme good. Sumptuous, a. I. Costly, expensive, dear. 2. Magnificent, splendid, gorgeous, stately, rich, superb, grand, showy, pompous, luxurious, munificent, lavish, prodigal. Sun, n. I. Day-star, orb of day. 2. Sunshine, light, sunny place. Sunburnt, a. Tanned, brown, bronzed, blowzy, ruddy, blowzed, ruddy-faced, brown as a berry. Sunday, «. The Lord's day, the Christian Sab- bath, the day of rest, the first day of the week. Sunder, v. a. Disunite, disjoin, dispart, discon- nect, part, separate, dissociate, divide, sever, dissever, break, part, tear asunder. SundOg, «. Parhelion, mock sun. Sundown, «. Sunset. Sundry, a. Several, divers, various, more than one or two, not a great many. Sunfisb, n. Basking-shark {Selachus maxitnus\. Sunless, a. I. Shaded, shady, unillumined, un- lighted. 2. Rayless, beamless, dark, darksome, black, dismal, pitchy, Cimmerian, Stygian. Sunlight, n. Daylight, sunshine, day, light of day, light of heaven. Sunn, n. [Written also 6'm«.] I. Brown hemp, Madras hemp, sun-hemp. 2. Sun-plant {Crotolaria juncea). Sunny, a. I. Bright, shining, brilliant, clear, unclouded, fine, sunshiny, luminous, radiant. 2. Bright, shining, brilliant. 3. Warm, mild, genial, pleasant. 4. Cheerful, joyful, happy. Sun Of righteousness. See Son of man. Sun-picture, «. Photograph. Sunrise, «. I. Dawn, sunrising, daybreak, peep of day, break of day, aurora, first blush of the morning. 2. East, Orient. Sunset, «. I. Evening, sundown, close of the day, sunsetting, eve, eventide, nightfall, going down of the sun. 2. West, Occident. Sunshade, «. Parasol, sun-umbrella. Sunshine, «. i. Sunlight. 2.^ Illumination, warmth, light. Sunshiny, a. Bright, sunny. Sunstroke, «. Insolation, stroke of the sun, siri- asis, coup de soleil. Sup, V. n. Take supper. Sup, V. a. Drink {a little at a time), sip. Sup, n. Sip, taste, small mouthful. Supawn, ft. {Indian word, Local U. S.^ Mush, hasty-pudding ^made of Indian meal). Superahle, a. I. Surmountable, conquerable, vincible, that may be overcome. 2. Possible, achievable, feasible. Superahound, v. «. Be very abundant, be exu- berant. Superabundance, «. Excess, overflow, exuber- ance, luxuriance, superfluity, redundance, pleth- ora, surfeit. Superabundant, a. Exuberant, superfluous, ex- cessive. Superadd, v. a. Add {over and above), superin- duce. Superannuated, a. Decrepit, anile, aged, imbe- cile, doting, antiquated, effete, rusty, time-worn, unfit for service, on the retired list, on the pen- sion list, passi. Superb, a. I. Grand, stately, august, majestic, noble, magnificent. 2. Sumptuous, rich, splendid, elegant, beauti- ful, exquisite. 3. Showy, pompous, gorgeous, magnifi- cent. Supercilious, a. I. Haughty, overbearing, domineering, dictatorial, arrogant, proud, high, lofty, overweening, consequential, lordly, intol- erant, insolent, vainglorious, magisterial, impe- rious, high and mighty. 2. Haughty, disdainful, contemptuous, proud, arrogant, lordly, consequential, scornful, Supereminence, «. Pre-eminence, transcendence, marked superiority, superexcellence. Supereminent, a. Pre-eminent, transcendent. Superficial, a. I. External, exterior, outer, on the surface, outward, outside. 2. Shallow, slight. Superficialist, «. Sciolist, smatterer. Superficies, «. Surface, exterior, outside. Superfine, a. Excellent, choice, prime, first-rate, very good, very fine, superior, the best, unexcep- tionable. Superfluityt «• Superabundance, excess, redun- dance, redundancy, exuberance, surfeit, more than enough, enough and to spare. Superfluous, a. Excessive, superabundant, re- dundant, exuberant, unnecessary, needless, use- less, expletive, more than enough. Superhuman, a. I. Divine, god-like. 2. Supernatural, preternatural, miraculous, hyperphysical. Superimpose, v. a. Superpose. Superinduce, v. a. Superadd, bring on. Superintend, v. a. Supervise, oversee, overlook, direct, conduct, manage, control, administer. SUPERINTENDENCE 417 SUPPOSITITIOUS have charge of, have the direction of, have the oversight of, preside over. Superlntendeiicey ) n. Supervision, inspection, Superintendencyi ) oversight, care, direction, control, charge, management, guidance, surveil- lance. Superintendent, «. Overseer, supervisor, master, conductor, inspector, curator, warden, guardian, custodian, intendant, director. Superior, a. I. High, higher, upper, paramount, more elevated. 2. Of higher rank, more exalted, more digni- fied. 3. Surpassing, noble, more eminent, more excellent, preferable, greater. 4. Predominant, prevalent. Superiority, n. I. Pre-emmence, ascendency, predominance, supremacy, preponderance, ad- vantage, prevalence, odds. 2. Excellence, worthiness, nobility. Superior to. Above, beyond the influence of, unaffected by. Superlative, a. Supreme, most eminent, greatest, most excellent, surpassing, transcendent, con- summate, pre eminent, peerless, incomparable. Supernal, a. Heavenly, celestial, divine. Supernatural, a. Miraculous, preternatural, above nature, beyond the powers of^ nature, that exceeds the laws of nature. Supernumerary, a. Odd, redundant, in excess, above the regular number, left over (from a specified number), superfluous. Superpose, v. a. Superimpose, lay upon. Superscription, «. Inscription, direction. Supersede, v. a. I. Suspend, annul, overrule, set aside, make void, obviate, neutralize. 2. Displace, replace, supplant, succeed, re- move. Superstition, «. I. Bigotry, fanaticism. 2. False religion, worship of false gods, irra- tional worship. 3. Belief in omens. 4. Excessive nicety, scrupulous exactness. Supervene, v. n. Occur i^ith referertce to some- thing that precedes), happen, take place, be added, come as an accessory, come upon. Supervisal, «. See Superintkndenck. Supervise, v. a. See Superintend. Supervision, «. See Supbrintendencb. Supervisor, «■ See Superintrndent. Supine, a. I. On the back. 2. Indolent, sluggish, lazy, slothful, idle, inert, torpid, languid, dull, lumpish, listless, careless, thoughtless, inattentive, negligent, heedless, drowsy, indifferent, otiose, lethargic, apathetic, sleepy. Supper, «. Tea, evening meal. Supplant, V. a. I. Undermine, overthrow, over- power, force away. 2. Displace (Jby stratagem), replace, remove, supersede. Supple, a. I. Pliant, pliable, flexible, flexile, hmber, lithe, lithesome, easily bent, elastic. 2. Yielding, compliant, submissive, humble, soft. 3. Servile, obsequious, cringing, slavish, fawning, grovelling, sycophantic, flattering, supple-chapped, adulatory, oily, parasitical. Supplement, «. I. Addition {to supply some- thing wanting), appendix, postscript, continua- tion. 2. Counterpart, correlative, complement. Supplement, v. a. Supply, add to. fill up. Supplemental, a. See Supplementary. Supplementaxy, a.. Additional, supplemental. Suppliant, a. Supplicating, beseeching, entreat Suppliant, n. Petitioner, supplicant, applicant, solicitor, suitor. Supplicant, n. See Suppliant, n. Supplicat, n. Petition, request. Supplicate, v. a. Beg, implore, pray, entreat, beseech, importune, petition, crave, solicit, call upon, pray to, appeal to, prefer a request to. Supplicate, v. n. Entreat, beg, pray, petition, sue, implore, put up a prayer, prefer a request or petition. I. Prayer, orison, invocation. petition, solicitation, prayer, Petitionary, humble, submia- Supplication, n. petition. 2. Entreaty, request. Supplicatory, a. sive. Supplies, «. pi. Stores. Supply, V. a. I. Provide, furnish, minister, replenish, stock, store, endue, endow, invest, fill up. 2. Give, grant, afford, accommodate with, con- tribute, yield, furnish. 3. Serve instead of, take the place of. 4. Fill. Supply* n. Stock, store, reserve, provision, hoard, fund. Support* V. a. I. Sustain, uphold, prop, brace, bear up, hold up, shore up. 2. Endure, bear, undergo, suffer, tolerate, put up with, go through. 3. Cherish, nourish, maintain, provide for, nurture. 4. Have, hold, keep up, maintain, sustain, preserve. 5. Perform, play, act, take the part of, sustain, assume, carry, represent. 6. Substantiate, confirm, make good, verify. 7. Assist, aid, help, second, patronize, abet, befriend, back, countenance, encourasre, back up, succor, relieve, uphold, favor, shield, protect, defend. 8. Further, forward, advocate, vindicate, main- tain, defend, stay, assist. 9. Accompany {as an assistant), attend, act as aid to. 10. Carry on, maintain. Support, n. I. Prop, stay, shore, supporter, brace, 2. Base, basis, bed, foundation. 3. Sustenance, maintenance, subsistence, live- lihood, living, keeping, sustentation. 4. Nutriment, sustenance, food, bread. 5. Aid, help, assistance, succor, favor, coun- tenance, encouragement, patronage, comfort. Supportable, a. I. Endurable, tolerable. 2. Maintainable, defensible. Supporter, «. I. Prop, stay, support, shore, brace. 2. Sustainer, comforter. 3. Maintainer, defender, aider, assistant, par- tisan, adherent, follower. SupposaWe, a. Presumable. Suppose, V. a. I, Presume, conceive, apprehend, believe, imagine, consider, deem, think, judge, presuppose, conjecture, conclude. 2. Imply, assume, presuppose, take for granted. 3. Imagine, believe, receive as true, think. Suppose, V. ft. Think, imagine, fancy, believe, surmise, conjecture, divine, suspect, presume, opine, ween. Supposition, M. I. Surmise, conjecture, presump- tion. 2. Hypothesis, postulate, assimied position. 3. Dnubt, uncertainty. Suppositional, a. Hypothetical. Supposititious, a. Spurious, counterfeit, sham, ing, imploring, begging, praying, suing, precatory. I mock, false, foisted in, subdititious, 27 SUPPOSITIVE 418 SURVEILLANT SnppOSitlye, a. Supposed. Suppress, v. a. I. Crush, overpower, subdue, quell, overthrow, stifle, choke, smother, put down, destroy, overwhelm. 2. Restrain, repress, keep back, stop, check, keep in. 3. Conceal, keep secret, retain, strangle, stifle, keep down, keep out of sight, keep secret, restrain from disclosure, hush up. 4. Stop, restrain, check, obstruct, arrest. Suppression, ». l. Overthrow, crushing, quel- ling. 2. Restraint, repression, check, stoppage, ob- struction, detention. 3. Concealment, retention. 4. {Grant, and Rhet.) Omission {as of a letter or a word). Suppressive, a. Subduing, concealing. Suppurate, v. n. Fester, maturate, generate pus. Suppuration, n. I. Festering, maturation, gen- eration of pus. 2. Virulent matter, matter. Supremacy, ». Domination, predominance, pre- dominancy, lordship, mastership, mastery, sover- eignty, supreme authority, upper hand. Supreme, a. I. Highest, greatest, paramount, predominant, principal, chief, leading, first, pre- eminent. 2. Highest, greatest, superlative. 3. Utmost, greatest possible. Supreme Being. The Almighty, the Omnipotent, the Omniscient, the Omnipresent, the Author, the Creator the Infinite, the Eternal, the All- powerful, the First Cause, God. Supreme good. See Summum bonum. Surbase, «. Skirting-board, mop-board, base- board, skirting, wash-board. Surcharge, v. a. Overload, overburden, over- charge. Surcharged, a. Overcharged, overloaded, over- burdened, surfeited, plethoric, over-full. Surcingle, n. Girth, girt, girdle, belt, band. Stird, a. I. {Math.) Radical, incommensurable. 2. [Orthoepy.) Aspirate, toneless, uninto- nated, atonic, unheard, without vocality, pro- nounced with a simple breathing. Sure, a. I. Certain, confident, positive, assured, fully convinced. 2. Safe, secure, stable, firm, steady, trust- worthy. 3. Infallible, unfailing, never-failing, strong, permanent, enduring, abiding, fast, indisputable, certain. 4. Certain, unerring. Sure, ad. Certainly, without doubt, surely, doubt- less. Surely, ad. I. Certainly, infallibly, undoubtedly, assuredly, sure, without doubt. 2. Safely, securely, firmly, steadily. Surety, «. I. Certainty, mdubitableness, sure- ness, certitude, assurance. 2. Safety, security. 3. Support, foundation. 4. Witness, evidence, ratification, confirma- tion. 5. Guaranty, pledge. 6. Bondsman, bail. 7. Substitute, hostage. Surf, ft. Breakers, breaking waves. Surface, n. Superficies, exterior, outside, external part. Surf -duck, «. Surf-scoter, black-duck {Anas Perspicillatd). Surfeit, v. a. I. Satiate, glut, gorge, sate, over- feed. 2. Cloy, pall, nauseate. Sorfeit, v. n. Be surfeited, feed to satiety. Surfeit, «. I. Excess. 2. Fulness, oppression, repletion, plethora. 3. Satiety, disgust. 4. Repletion, glut, fulness, plethora, excess, superabundance, over-abundance, redundance, superfluity, nimiety. Surge, n. Wave, billow, breaker, roller, white horse. Surge, V. ft. I. Swell, rise high. 2. {Naut) Slip back. Surge, V. a. {Naut.) Slack up suddenly {as a rope routtd a pin), let go. Surly, a. I. Morose, cross, crabbed, testy, touchy, crusty, fretful, peevish, petulant, per- verse, pettish, snappish, waspish, snarling, fro- ward, uncivil, rude, rough, harsh, ill-tempered, ill-natured, sour, gruff, churlish, ungracious. 2. Rough, sullen, dark, tempestuous. Surmise, v. a. Imagine, suspect, conjecture, sup- pose, guess, divine, fancy, believe, think, pre- sume. Surmise, n. Conjecture, suspicion, supposition, guess, doubt, imperfect notion. Surmount, v. a. I. Rise above, overtop, tower above. 2. Overcome, conquer, subdue, overpower, vanquish, master, triumph over, rise above, get the better of. 3. Surpass, exceed, go beyond, pass, tran- scend. Surmountable, a. Conquerable, superable, that may be surmounted. Surname, «. Cognomen, family name, patro- nymic. Surpass, v. a. Excel, exceed, outdo, outstrip, outrun, override, transcend, cap, overtop, beat, go beyond. Surpassing, a. Excellent, supreme, incomparable, transcendent, pre-eminent, peerless, superla- tive. Surplus, «. Overplus, residue, excess, surplusage, superplus. Surplusage, «. I. See Surplus, 2. {Law.) Irrelevant matter. Surprise, «. Wonder, astonishment, amazement. Surprise, v- a. I. Take unawares, take by sur- prise, take off one's guard. 2. Astonish, amaze, startle, strike with won- der, take aback. 3. Confuse, bewilder. Surprising, a. Extraordinary, remarkable, won- derful, unexpected, astonishing, marvellous. Surrender, v. a. I. Cede, yield, give up, give over, deliver up. 2. Resign, relinquish, forego, abdicate, aban< don, part with, renounce, waive. Surrender, v. fi. Yield, capitulate, give up, give over, give in, give one's self up, strike one's flag or colors, cry quarter, cry quits. Surrender, n. Relinquishment, renunciation, ces- sion, resignation, abandonment, capitulation. Surreptitious, a. Fraudulently introduced, foisted in, done by stealth. Surreptitiously, ad Fraudulently, by stealth, without authority. Surrogate, «. Deputy, delegate, substitute, proxy, lieutenant, representative, locum tenens. Surround, v. a. I. Encircle, environ, encompass, enclose. 2. {Mil.) Invest, hem in, fence about. Surroundings, «. pi. [Recent.] External cir- cumstances, entourage. SurtOUt, n. Overcoat, great-coat. Surveillance, «. [Fr.] Superintendence, inspec- tion, oversight, supervision, care, watch, charge, control, direction, management, surveyorship. Surveillknt, «. Overseer, spy. SURVEY 419 SWARM Survey, v. a. I. View, observe, overlook, scan, contemplate, reviewj take a view of. 2. Inspect, examine, scrutinize. 3. Measure and estimate {as lands or build- ings). . 4. Oversee, supervise, inspect. Survey, «. I. View, sight, prospect, retrospect. 2. Inspection, examination, scrutiny, review. 3. Mensuration (to determine areas^ contours, etc ), surveying. Surveying, «. See Survey, n ,3. Surveyor, «. I. Overseer, superintendent, super- visor. 2. Inspector. 3. Land-measurer. 4. (Customs.) Gauger, custom house officer. Survive, v. n. Remain alive, continue to live, live on. Survive, v. a. Outlive, live longer than. Susceptibility, «. Sensitiveness, impressibility, susceptibleness, susceptivity, excitability. Susceptible, a. Susceptive, impressible, sensitive, excitable. Stisceptibleness, «. See Susceptibility. Susceptive, a. Susceptible. Susceptivity, n. See Susceptibility. Suspect, V. a I. Surmise, imagine, fancy, be- lieve, conjecture, guess, suppose, think. 2. Distrust, mistrust, doubt, have no confi- dence in. 3. Believe to be guilty. Suspect, z>. n. Be suspicious, have suspicion, imagine guilt. Suspend, V. a. I. Hang. 2. Make to depend. 3. Interrupt, intermit, stay, delay, hinder. 4. Discontinue, arrest, leave off, give over, stop, break off. 5. Defer, delay, postpone, withhold, lay over, stave off. 6. Debar (as from an office") temporarily. Suspend, V. n. Stop payment, become bankrupt, go into bankruptcy. Suspended, a. Hanging, pendent, pendulous, pensile. Suspenders, «. //• Braces, gallowses. Suspense, n. I. Uncertainty, indetermination, incertitude. 2. Hesitation, hesitancy, irresolution, doubt, indecision, vacillation, wavering, scruple, mis- giving. 3. Suspension, intermission, remission, inter- ruption, cessation, stoppage, stop, respite, pause, rest, stay, quiescence, discontinuance. 4. (Law.) Suspension. Suspension, ». I. Hanging, pendency. 2. Interruption, intermission, suspense, stay. 3. Delay, postponement. 4. Temporary deprivation (as o/dn office). Suspicion, «. I. Surmise, conjecture, supposition, guess. 2. Distrust, mistrust, doubt, misgiving, want of confidence. Suspicious, a. I. Distrustful, jealous, inclined to suspect, given to suspicion, mistrustful. 2. Liable to suspicion, doubtful, questionable. Sustain, v. a. I. Bear, support, uphold, hold up, keep from falling. 2. Nourish, maintain, support, subsist, keep alive, supply with food. 3. Aid, comfort, relieve, assist. 4. Suffer, undergo, endure, bear. 5. Sanction, approve, confirm, ratify. 6. Justify, provej establish, confirm. 7. (Mus.) Continue, hold. Sustenance, n. I. Subsistence, support, main- tenance. 2. Food, victuals, provisions, bread, supplies. 3. Food, aliment, nutriment, nourishment, pabulum. Sustentation, «. I. Support, preservation from falling. 2. Maintenance, support of life, subsistence, sustenance. Susurrus, «- Whispering, whisper. Suture, n. Line of junction- Suzerain, «. Feudal lord, liege lord, lord para- mount. Suzerainty, «• Lordship, sovereignty, seigniory. Swab, n. Mop. Swaddle, v. a. Swathe. Swag, y. n. BsnA (by force 0/ gravity) y settle, sag, give way, lean. Swagger, v. «. Bluster, bully, vapor, brag, be insolent, boast. Swagger, ». Bluster, boastful manner, boastful- ness. Swaggerer, «. Blusterer, bully, braggart, boaster, braggadocio, Gascon, swash-buckler, fire-eater. Sir Lucius O'Trigger. Swaggering, «. Bravado, bluster, gasconade, flourish, fanfaronade. Swain, «. I. Rustic, hind, peasant, countryman, clown. 2. Country gallant, rustic lover, wooer, suitor, adorer, inamorato, amoroso. Swale, V. n. Melt (as a candle), waste, consume, waste away, sweal. Swallow, V- a. I. Take into the stomach, gulp, imbibe, gorge, engorge, englut. 2. Absorb, engulf, devour, swallow up, sub- merge. 3. Believe (without scruple), receive implicit- ly, accept as true, credit. 4. Brook, stomach, pocket, endure, bear, put up with, stand, submit to. 5. Renounce, retract, recant, take back. 6. Consume, exhaust, waste, use up. *l. Engross, appropriate, arrogate. 8. Occupy, employ, use up, consume. 9. Engross, engage completely. Swallow, n. I. Throat, gullet, oesophagus. 2. Voracity, gluttonous appetite. 3. Taste, relish, inclination, liking, palate. 4. Mouthful, taste, little drink, draught. Swallow-fish, «. (Ich.) Sapphirine gurnard. Swallow-tail, «. I. (Mack.) Dove-tail. 2. (Fort.) Priest-cap. Swallow up. Absorb, engulf, destroy, swallow, suck in, suck up. Swamp, «. Bog, fen, quagmire, morass, marsh, slough, marish, spongy land, soft and wet ground. Swamp, V, a. I. Engulf, sink, whelm, swallow up. 2. {Naut.) Upset, overset, sink, whelm, capsize. 3. Plunge into difficulties, sink, wreck, ruin, run aground, embarrass. Swamp-cabbage, «. Skunk-cabbage, skunk-weed (Symplocarpusfcetidus). Swamp-honeysuckle, n. (Bot.) Swamp-pink (Azalea viscosa). Swamp-sassafras, n. Sweet-bay, white laurel, beaver-tree (Magnolia glauca). Swampy, a. Boggy, fenny, marshy, undrained, wet and spongy. Swape, n. Sweep, swipe, well-sweep. Sward, «. Turf. Swarm, «. Multitude (especially of winged in- sects), crowd, throng, concourse, mass, press, flock, shoal, host. Swarm, v. n. I. Crowd, throng, gather in a swarm. 2. Be crowded, be thronged, be filled. SWART 420 SWEET-SCABIOUS 3. Abound, be abundant. 4. Breed multitudes. Swart, I a. Dark-hued, tawny, dusky, dark, Swarth, ) swarthy. Swarthy, a. Dark, dark-skinned, dark-hued, brown, tawny, of a dark complexion. Swash, V. n, I, Swagger, bluster, vapor, brag, boast, bully. 2. Flow noisily, dash, splash. Swash-huckler, «. Bully, braggadocio, swag- gerer, blusterer, roisterer, rough| fanfaron, Cap- tain Bobadil. Swathe, v. a. Swaddle. Swathe, «. Bandage. Sway, V. a. I. Move, wield, swing, wave, bran- dish, poise, balance. 2. Bias, bend, turn. 3. Rule, govern, direct, guide, control, influ- ence. 4. (N'aui.) Hoist, raise. Sway, V. n. I. Govern, bear rule, reign, 2. Have weight, have influence, prevail. 3. Incline, lean. Sway; «. I. Power, dominion, control, empire, domination, command, rule, government, sover- eignty, ascendency, authority, predominance, mastership, mastery, supreme power. 2. Influence, weight, authority, direction, bias. 3. Preponderation, preponderance. 4. Swing, sweep. Sweal, V. n. I. Melt (as a candle), swale. 2* Blaze away. Sweal, V. a. Dress, singe, swale, burn the hair off. Swear, v. «. I. Utter an oath, take oath, take an oath. 2. Declare (solemnly), avow, affirm, depose, testify, state, say, vow. 3. Use profane language, take the name of God in vain, curse^ blaspheme. Swear, v. a. Administer an oath to, put under oath. Sweat, n. I. Perspiration, exudation, excretion, sweating, cutaneous excretion. 2. Labor, toil, drudgeiy. 3. Ooze, reek, exuding moisture. Sweat, V. n. I. Perspire. 2. Toil, labor, drudge. 3. Emit moisture. Sweat, V. a. I. Exude, emit by the pores. 2. Put into a perspiration. Sweating, «. Exudation, sweat. Sweating-hath, «. Sudatory, vapor-bath, hot- hou.'ie, sweating-room. Sweating-room, «. See Sweating-bath. Sweaty, a. I. Perspiring, sweating. 2. Laborious, toilsome, difficult. Swedish turnip. Rutabaga, Swede (Brasstca campestris). Sweep, V. a. I. Clean {with a broom), brush. 2. Graze, touch (in passing), brush, rub over. 3. Traverse, pass over. 4. Carry off, sweep off, sweep away. 5. Carry with pomp, flourish. Sweep, n. I. Range, compass, scope, reach. 2. Swipe, swape, well-sweep. 3. Destruction, havoc, ravage, devastation. 4. Sweeper, chimney-sweep. 5. Curve, curvature, flexure, bend. Sweep away. I. Clear away {by a broom), brush away. 2. Dislodge, remove, expel, drive off, sweep off. 3. Destroy, overwhelm, carry off. Sweeping, a. I. Destructive. 2. Wholesale, extensive, broad, comprehen- cive. 3. Unqualified, exaggerated, extravagant. Sweepings, «. pi. Refuse, offscourings, dirt, rub- bish. Sweep off. Sweep away, sweep, brush off, brush away. Sweep out. I. Eject. 2. Clean, brush out, clear out. Sweepstakes, «. I. Winner {in gaming or in horse-racing). 2. Total stakes {at a horse-race). Sweepy, a. I. Sweeping, 2. Wavy, tossing. 3. Strutting, expanded. Sweet, a. I. Sugary, honeyed, saccharine, lus- cious. 2. Redolent, fragrant, balmy. 3. Soft, melodious, harmonious, mellifluous, dulcet, musical, mellow, tuneful, silvery, silver- toned. 4. Beautiful, fair, lovely. 5. Delightful, agreeable, pleasant, charming, grateful, gratifying. 6. Mild, gentle, engaging, winning, attractive, amiable, lovable. 7. Mild, soft, gentle, benignant, serene. 8. Fresh. 9. Wholesome, sound. 10. Pure, fresh, clean. Sweet, n. I. Sweetness, sweetest part. 2. Perfume, fragrance, redolence. 3. Dear, darling. 4. Joy, blessing, enjoyment. Sweet -hay, «. I. Laurel, sweet-wood {Laurus nob His). 2. Swamp-sassafras {Magnolia glauca). Sweet-bread, n. Pancreas. Sweet-brier, «. Eglantine {Rosa rubiginosa). Sweet-calamus, \ n. Lemon-grass {Calamus aro- Sweet-cane, ) maticus). Sweeten, v. a. I. Make sweet. 2. Soften, make mild, make tender, make kind, mollify. 3. Give zest to, give a relish to. 4. Soothe, relieve. 5. Freshen, disinfect, ventilate, fumigate, de- odorize. Sweeten, v, n. Grow sweet, become sweet. Sweet-flag, «. Sweet-rush, calamus {Acorus calamus). Sweet-gale, n. See Sweet-willow. Sweet-gum, «. Liquidambar {Liquidambar sty- raciflua). Sweetheart, «. I. Lover, beau, wooer, admirer, suitor, follower, adorer, swain, flame, love, spark, true-love, inamorato, cicisbeo. 2. Flame, mistress, lady-love, dulcinea, in- amorata, dear, darling, cara sposa. Sweet-leaf, «. {Bot.) Horse-sugar {Symplocos tinctoria). Sweetly, ad. Gratefully, pleasantly, agreeably. Sweetmeat, «. Confection, comfit, junket, sugar- plum. Sweetmeats, «. //. Preserves, preserved fruits, sweet stuff. Sweetness, «. I. Sweet. 2. Agreeableness, pleasantness. 3. Beauty, fairness, loveliness. 4. Amiableness, gentleness, mildness, suavity. Sweet-oil, «. Olive-oil. Sweet -potato, «. Carolina potato {Batatas edulis or Convolvulus batatas). Sweet-root, «. (Bot.) lAcorice {Glycyrrhiza). Sweet-rush, «. See Sweet- flag. Sweets, n. pi. I' Saccharine substances. 2. Confectionery, preserves, conserves, con- fiture. Sweet-SCahiOUS, «. Daisy-fleabane. SWEET-SCENTED 421 SWISS Sweet-scented, a. Fragrant, redolent, balmy, sweet-smelling, aromatic, spicy, perfumed. Sweet-scented shrub. {Boi.) Carolina all- spice {Calycantkus). Sweet-smelling, a. See Sweet-scented. Sweet-sounding, a. Melodious, harmonious, symphonious, tuneful, dulcet, musical. Sweet-tempered, a. Amiable, kind, gentle, mild, equable. Sweet-toned, a. Euphonious, euphonic, melliflu- ous. Sweet-william, «. . Bunch-pink, bearded-pink {Dianthus barbatus). Sweet-willow, «. (Bot.) Dutch myrtle, sweet- gale, Scotch myrtle {Myrica gale). Swell, V. n. I. Dilate, expand, tumefy, distend, fill out, intumesce, grow larger or bigger (Jby ex- pafuion). 2. Increase {by outward addition)^ augment, enlarge. 3. Rise {as waves), heave, surge. 4. Belly, be inflated. 5. Strut, look bisc, put on airs, be puffed up, swagger, ride a high horse, carry with a high hand. 6. Be turgid or bombastic. 7. Bulge, protuberate, swell out. 8. Be puffed, be bloated, become irate. 9. Glow, expand, warm, thrill, heave, throb, grow big. 10. Be elated, rise into arrogance. 11. Become larger, grow upon the view. Swell, V. a. I. Dilate, expand, inflate, enlarge. 2. Enhance, heighten, aggravate. 3. Puff up, make arrogant. Swell, n. I. Swelling. 2. Augmentation, protuberance. 3. Elevation, rise. 4. Force, intensity, power, crescendo. 5. Increase of power, increase of rhetorical force. 6. Ascent, elevation. 7. Waves, billows. 8. {CoUoq.) Fox, coxcomb, dandy, beau, ex- quisite, jackanapes, popinjay, blade, buck, fine gentleman, spark, jack-a-dandy, dandiprat, man milliner, man of dress, vain fellow. Swelling, a. Bombastic, pompous, turgid, in- flated, tumid, stilted, grandiloquent, pretentious, high-flowing, high-sounding, rhetorical, declama- tory, grandiose. Swelling:, n. I. Swell. 2. Protuberance, bump, prominence, rise. Swell out. Bulge, protuberate. Swelter, v. n. Be oppressed with heat, be over- come by heat, be hot. Swerve, v. «. I. Deviate, depart, diverge, turn aside, go astray. 2. Bend, incline, yield, give way. 3. Climb, move upward, swarm, wind. Swift, <». I. Quick, fast, fleet, rapid, speedy, ex- peditious, flying. 2. Ready, prompt, eager, zealous, forward, alert. 3. Sudden, instant, speedy. Swift-footed, a. Fleet, nimble, agile, light- footed. Swiftly, ad. Quickly, speedily, expeditiously, trippmgly, apace, posthaste, rapidly, fleetly, at full speed, with speed, under press of sail or canvas, by forced marches, on eagle's wings, in double-quick time, in seven-league boots, as fast as one's legs will carry one, whip and spur, ventre h. terre. Swiftness, «. Quickness, celerity, velocity, rapid- ifv, speed, fleetness. Swill, V. a, I. Drink {greedily), guzzle, quaff. 2. Inebriate, intoxicate, fuddle. Swill, n. I. Potations, large drams, greedy draughts of liquor.. 2. Hogwash, swillings. Swiller, «. Drunkard, sot, toper;^ tippler, toss- pot, hard drinker, soaker. Swillings, n. pi. See Swill. Swim, V. n. I. Float, be borne up {on a liquul). 2. Be borne along {as on water, by a current), float with the tide. 3. Propel one's self through the water, buffet the waves. 4. Glide, skim. 5. Be flooded, be inundated. 6. Be dizzy {as the head). 7. Overflow, abound, have abundance. Swimming; n. I. Floating. 2. Dizziness, vertigo. Swimmingly, «rf. Smoothly, successfully, pros- perously, easily. Swindle, v. a. Cheat, cozen, deceive, dupe, gull, tricky defraud, overreach, victimize, chouse, did- dle, impose upon, practise upon, take in. Swindle, n. Cheat, fraud, imposition, deception, chouse, piece of knavery. Swindler, n. Rogue, knave, cheat, impostor, trickster, sharper, olackleg, jockey. Swindling^ n. Knavery, cheating, rascality, roguery, imposture. SwiJie, n. sing, and pi. I. Hog, pig, porker. 2. Hogs {collectively). Swine-bread, «. Truffle ( Tuber cibariurn). Swine-grass, «. Knot-grass. Swine-herd, «. Swine-tender. Swine-pipe, «. Redwing, wind-thrush, red-sided thrush ( Turdus iliacus). Swine-pox, «. {Med.) Water-pox, chicken- pox. Swine-Stone, n. Stink-stone. Swing, V. n. I. Oscillate, vibrate, wave, move to and fro, move backward and forward. 2. Depend, hang, dangle, hang loose. 3. {Colloq.) Be hanged, hang. Swing, V. a. I. Cause to swing, wave, or vi- brate. 2. Wave, flourish, brandish, move to and fro, whirl. Swing, n. I. Oscillation, vibration, waving mo- tion. 2. Scope, range, play, margin, free play, full play, elbow-room, free course, sweep. 3. Bias, tendency, inclination. Swinge, v. a. Beat, whip, scourge, flog, lash, bastinade, switch, chastise, punish. Swlngel, n. Swiple. Swingle, n. Swingle-staff, swingling-staff, swing- ling-knife, swingling-wand. Swingle, v. a. Dress with a swingle (as flax), beat with a swingle. Swingle-tree, «. Whiffle-tree, whipple-tree, single-tree, swing-tree. Swingllng-knife, ) Swingling-staff, | «. Swingle. Swingllng-wand, ) Swinish, a. Hoggish, piggish, gross, sensual, brutish, beastly. Swinish multitude. Rabble, great unwashed, mob, rabble rout, horde, scum of the people, dregs of society, canaille. Swipe, n. Sweep, swape, well-sweep. Swiple, «. Swingel. Swirl, V. a. and v. n. Whiri, eddy. Swirl, n. Eddy, whirl, gyration. Swiss, «. I. Swiss language, language of Swit- zerland. 2. {sing, and //.] Switzer, inhabitant of Swiuerland. SWITCH 422 SYSTEM Switch, n. Rod, twig, stick, birch. SwitCll, V. a. Beat, whip, lash, swinge, flog, birch, cane, dust one's jacket. Switdiel, n. Sweetened water, molasses and water. Switzer, n. Swiss. Swivel, «. I. Caster. 2. Turning link {in a chain). 3. Swivel-gun. Swivel-gun, «. Swivel. Swob, «. See Swab. Swoon, V. n. Faint, faint away. Swoon, n. Syncope, fainting, fainting fit. Swoop, V. a. I. Seize {as a hawk its ^ey), catch while on the wing. 2. Catch up, pounce upon, seize, clutch. Swoop, V. n. Stoop, descend, come down, bear down. Swoop, n. I. Clutch, seizure. 2. Stoop, descent. Sword, «. I. Sabre, broadsword, cutlass, fal- chion, cimeter, rapier, claymore, hanger, steel, brand, bilbo, skean, Toledo, tuck. 2. Emblem of vengeance, emblem of justice. 3. Destruction by the sword. 4. Military power. 5. War, strife, dissension. Sword-arm, n. Right arm. Sword-fight, «. Fencing. Sword-fish, «. Gar-fish, horn-fish, sea-needle, gar-pike, sea-pike, long-nose, gore-bill, snook, mackerel-guide {Esox belone or Belon* vul- garis). Sword-grass, «. Glader, sedge. Sword-hand, «. Right hand. Sword-law, «. Violence, force. Sword-player, «. Fencer, gladiator. Sword-shaped, a. Enslform. Sword-stick, «. Sword-cane. Sworn enemies. Irreconcilable enemies, deter- mined enemies. Sworn friends. Intimate friends, dear friends, bosom friends, close friends. Sybarite, «. Voluptuary, epicure, man of pleas- ure, sensualist, votary of Epicurus. Svhflrttirfll [ °" Voluptuous, luxurious, wanton. Sycamore, «. \U. .S".] Plane-tree, button-wood, button-ball tree, water-beech {Platanus Occi- dent alts). S^^COphancy, «. Servility, obsequiousness, fawn- ing, gross flattery, sycophantism. Sycophant, «. Parasite, fawner, toady, wheedler, flunky, spaniel, lick-spittle, pick-thank, toad- eater, time-server, hanger-on, mean flatterer. Sycophantic, a. Fawning, cringing, servile, slav- ish, parasitic, obsequious, adulatory, supple, grovelling, meanly submissive. Syllabus, n. Abstract, abridgment, outline, epit- ome, summary, compend, digest, compendium, synopsis, breviary, brief, sum and substance. Sylph, n. Fairy, fay, peri, sylphid. Sylva, «. Trees {o/ a country). Sylvan, a. I. Forest-like. 2. Woody, shady. Sylvan, «. Satyr, faun. Symbal, n. See Cymbal. Symbol, H. Emblem, type, sign, token, figure, representative. Symbolic, \a. Emblematical, typical, hiero- Symbolical, ) glyphical, representative, signifi- cative. Symbolization, n. Representation, indication, prefigurement. Symbolize, v. a. Prefigure, typify, emblematize, be symbolical of. Symmetrical, a. Proportional {in the several parts), regular, shapely, harmonious, congruent, well-proportioned, well-set, well-formed. Symmetry, n. Proportion, harmony, shapeliness, regularity, order, regular arrangement. Sympathetic, a. Compassionate, sympathizing, commiserating, pitiful, tender, kind, affectionate, loving, with the heart in the right place. Sympathize with. Feel sympathy with, feel for, enter into the feelings of, have pity for, frater- nize with, make common cause with, have a common feeling. Sympathizer, n. Favorer, patron, advocate, par- tisan, well-wisher, friend Sympathy, «. I. Fellow-feeling. 2. Agreement, harmony, correspondence, cor- relation, affinity, union, reciprocity, pre-estab- lished harmony, congeniality, concord, con- cert. 3. Compassion, commiseration, condolence, pity, tenderness, kindliness, fellow-feeling, bow- els of compassion. 4. Mutual influence. Symphonious, a. Harmonious, consonant, ac- cordant, concordant, musical, symphonic. Symphony, «. Consonance, harmony, music, concert. S3rmiK)SaiC, a. Convivial, festive. S3anp0Sium, «. Feast, drinking together, compo- tation, revel, banquet, festival. Symptom, »■ Indication, sign, mark, note, token. iJiSSSSii.!- '"^cariv. Symptomatology, n. Science of symptoms, se-. meiology. Synagogue, «. I. Jewish temple, Jewish house of worship. 2. Sanhedrim, great synagogue. Sj^chronal, a. Synchronical, synchronous, coin- cident. Synchronize, v. n. Be simultaneous, agree in time, concur in time. Synchronism, «. Simultaneousness, coincidence. Synchronous, a. See Svnchkonal. Syncope, n. I. {Gram.) Elision {in the middle of a word). 2. {Med.) Swoon, fainting, fainting fit. Synecphonesis, ». (Gram.) Synajresis, syni- zesis. SynergetiC, «. Co-operating, co-operative, syner- gistic, working together. Synergistic, a. See Svnergetic. Synod, «. I. Council of ecclesiastics. 2. Meeting, convention, council, assembly. Synonymes, «. //. [Written also Synonyms '\ Equivalent words (of the same latiguage)^ words of the same meaning. Synonymous, «. Equivalent, interchangeable, equipollent, of the same meaning, of similar meaning, that express the same idea. Synopsis, «. Abridgment, epitome, abstract, outline, compend, compendium, summary, sylla- bus, digest, sum and substance, general view. Syntectical, a. Syntetic, consumptive. Synteretic, a. {Med.) Prophylactic. Syntexis, «. {Med.) Consumption, colliqua- tion. Synthesis, «. Combination {of elements), com- position, putting together. S31>hon, n. See Siphon. Syren, «. See Siren. Syriac, a. Syrian. Syringe, n. Squirt. Syrinx, «. Pandean pipes, shepherd's pipes. Pan. SyrtiS, «. Quicksand, bog, syrt. System, «. I. A whole {viewed with reference TABANUS 423 TAIL to the interdependence of its /arts), combina- tion of parts to form a whole. 2. Scheme, body, plan, theory, connected view, hypothesis, classification, arrangement. 3. Order, method, regularity, rule. 4. Universe. Systematic, \ a. I. Methodical, orderly, regu- Systematical, ) lar. 2. Cosmical. Systematize, v. a. Methodize, arrange, harmo- nize, regulate, order, reduce to order, put into a systematic form. Tabanns, «. (Ent.) Horse-fly. Tabby, « I. Watered silk. 2. Brindled cat, tabby-cat. 3. Gossip, tale-bearer, news-monger, tattler, chatterer. Tabby, V. a. Water, sprinkle and calender. Tabby, a. I. Of a waved or watered appear- ance. 2. Brindled, brinded. Tabefaction, n. Emaciation {By tabes), wasting away. Tabernacle, «. I. Tent, pavilion, habitation. 2. The Jewish temple. 3. Temple, church, chapel, cathedral, min- ster, meeting-house, place of worship, sacred placb 4. Pyx. 5. Reliquary, shrine. 6. Niche. 7. Triptych. 8. Choir-stall. Tabernacle, v. «. Dwell (temporarily), sojourn, be housed, Tabes, n. [L.] (Med.) I. Emaciation (accom- panied by fever), wasting, consumption. 2. Atrophy. Tabid, a. Consumptive, phthisical. Table, n. I. Slab, tablet. 2. Stand {to take food from), board. 3. Food, diet, provision, fare, repast, victuals, entertainment. 4. Table-company. 5. Index, list, catalogue, syllabus. 6. Synopsis, condensed statement. Table, a'. Flat, plain, level, even. Tableau, «. [Fr.] I. Picture, scene, representa- tion. 2. Tableau vivant. Table-beer, «. Small beer. Table-d'hdte, «. [Fr.] Ordinary, public table. Table-land, n. Elevated plain, plateau. Table-spar, «. Tabular spar, tafel-spath. Tablet, n. I. Small table, slab. 2. Pocket memorandum-book. 3, Lozenge, troche. Taboo, n. [Written also Tabu.'\ Interdict, pro- hibition. Taboo, V. a. Interdict, forbid, prohibit, put under taboo, put under an interdict, forbid to be used or touched. Tabouret, «. [Fr.l I. Stool. 2. Embroidery-frame. Tabular, a. I. Of a table. 2. Flat, plane. 3. Laminated, lamellar, lamelliform, foliated, scaly, flaky. Tabula rasa. [L.] Smooth tablet, blank tablet. Tabularize, v. a. Tabulate, put into a tabular form. Tabulate, v. a See Tabularize. Tacamaliac, n. Balsam poplar {Poptdus balsam- tfera). Tace. [L.] Be silent, silence. Tachygraphy, «. Stenography, shorthand, bra- chygraphy, tacheography. Tacit, a. Implied, understood, _ inferred, silent, unexpressed {by words), implicit, unspoken. Ta^tum, a. Silent {by habit), reserved, uncom- municative, close, unconversable, reticent, of few words, sparing of words, close-tongued. Taciturnity, «. Reserve, closeness, reticence, habitual silence, uncommunicativeness. Tack, V. a. I. Fasten {slightly), attach, append, affix, tag. 2. Nail {with tacks). 3. {Naut.) Put about, change the course of. Tack, V. n. {Naut. ) Go about, tack ship. Tack, «. Small nail. Tackle, «. I. Pulley. 2. Equipment, gear, rigging, tackling, furni- ture, implements, apparatus. 3. Harness, tackling. 4. Weapons, instruments of action. Tackle, v. a. {Local and Colloq.) I. Harness. 2. Attack, seize, lay hold of, seize upon. Tackling, «. I. Tackle, implements, equipment. 2. Sailing apparatus, sails and cordage, rigging. 3. Harness Tact, n. I. {Rare.") Touch, feeling, taction, sense of feeling. 2. Adroitness {in appreciating circumstances and acting accordingly), skill {in saying or doing what is most appropriate to the occa- sion), quick judgment, nice perception, clever- ness, dexterity, knack, savoir faire. Tactician, n. Manoeuvrer, wire-puller, adroit manager. Tactics, «. I. Strategy, military science, general- ship, art of war. 2. Management, manoeuvring, policy, diplo- macy. Tactile, a. Tangible, palpable. Taction, «. Contact, tangency, touch. Tadoma, ». {Ornith.) Sheldrake. Tadpole, n. Polliwog, porwiggle, purwiggy, polliwig. Tsedinm, «. [L.] Wearisomeness, irksomeness, tiresomeness, tediousness. Taffrail, «. [Written also Tnfferel.^ Stem rail. Tag, n. I. Metal point {at the end of a string). 2. Label, card. 3. Cue, catchword. 4. Game of tae, tig. Tag, V. a. I. Attach a tag to, fit with a tag. 2. Fasten, attach, append, affix, tack, join, add to. Tag after. {Colloq.) Follow closely, keep at one's heels. Tag-tail, «. Dependant, sycophant, parasite. Tail, «. I. Caudal appendage, hinder part. 2. Back part, lower part, inferior part. 3. End, extremity, fag-end, conclusion. 4. Skirt, flap. 5. Catkin. 6. Train, retinue. 7. Horse-tail, Turkish standard. TAIL 424 TAKE OFF 8. (Bot. ) Petiole or peduncle. 9. (Law.) Limitation, abridgment. 10. {Mus.) Stem (of a noie). Tailt a. (Law.) Limited, abridged, reduced, curtailed. Tailor, «. Maker of men's clothes. Tail-piece, «. Appendage. Taiutf V. a. I. Imbue, impregnate. 2. Corrupt, infect, contaminate, defile, poison, make noxious, make putrid, pollute, disease, vitiate. 3. Tarnish, stain, sully, blot. Taints «. I. Tincture, tinge, stain. 2. Infection, corruption, depravation, contami- nation, defilement. 3. Fault, blemish, defect, flaw, spot, stain. Take, V. a. I. Receive, accept. 2. Seize, grasp, gripe, clasp, lay hold of, get hold of. 3. Entrap, ensnare, circumvent. 4. Capture, catch, make prisoner of. 5. Come upon, befall, smite, fasten on, attack, seize. 6. Conquer, capture, cause to surrender. 7. Captivate, delight, please, interest, attract, allure, engage, fascinate, bewitch, enchant, charm. 8. Admit, allow, not dispute. 9. Understand, interpret. 10. Regard, consider, hold, suppose. 11. Choose, select, elect, espouse, be in favor of. 12. Turn to, have recourse to, betake one's self to. 13. Assume, adopt, put on. 14. Delineate, portray, figure, draw, paint, sketch, copy. 15. Get, procure, obtain. 16. Use, employ, make use of, avail one's self of. 17. Demand, require, need, be necessary. 18. Swallow, take down. 19. Experience, feel, perceive, be sensible of, be conscious of. 20. Bear, endure, tolerate, submit to. 21. Form, fix, adopt. 22. Draw, derive, deduce. 23. Discover, detect. 24. Conduct, lead, convey. 25. Carry, transfer. Take, v. n. I. Catch, be fixed, fix. 2. Please, be well received, be welcomed. 3. Succeed, have the intended effect. 4. Go, proceed, resort, direct one's course. Take, «. Catch of fish, haul of fish. Take aback. Astonish, surprise, take by surprise, startle. Take advantage of. I. Turn to account, make use of. 2. Impose upon (by some advantage of supe- rior knowledge or of opportunity), catch by surprise. Take after. I. Copy, imitate. 2. Resemble, be like. Take a horn. (Colloq.) Take a drink {of spirit- uous liquor). Take aim. Aim. Take air. Be made public, be disclosed, get abroad, become known. Take a Uberty. Make free, make bold, presume. Take along. I. Carry. 2. Lead, convey, conduct. Take arms. Begin hostilities. • Take aside. Take by the button, talk to in pri- vate. Take away. I. Remove. 2. Subtract, deduct. Take hack. I. Take again. 2. Recall, revoke, recant, withdraw, retract, disavow, abjure. Take breath. Rest, stop to rest. Take care. Be careful. Take care of. Oversee, superintend, take charge of, care for. Take courage. Be encouraged, take heart. Take down. I. Take from above. 2. Reduce, lower, depress. 3. Humble, abash, humiliate. 4. Pull to pieces, pull down. 5. Swallow, take. 6. Record, note, make a note of, write down. 7. Attack. Take effect. I. Be efficacious. 2. Go into operation. Take exception. I. Object, dissent, make objec- tion. 2. Take it ill, be displeased, be ofiended. Take fire. I. Be ignited, catch fire. 2. Be inflamed, be kindled. Take flight. Fly, take to one's heels, run, flee, scamper off, make off. Take for. Mistake for. Take for granted. Admit, allow, concede. Take French leave. Depart mformally, take leave unceremoniously. Take from. I. Deduct from, subtract from, take away from. 2. Derogate from, detract from. 3. Deprive, dispossess. Take heart. Be encouraged, take courage, gain confidence. Take heed. Beware, be cautious, be careful. Take heed to. Attend to, pay attention to. Take hold of. Seize, fix on. Take horse. I. Set out to ride, mount and ride. 2. Be covered (as a mare). Take ill. Take amiss, take in bad part, take exception to. Take in. I. Receive, admit. 2. Comprise, embrace, comprehend, include. 3. Comprehend, understand. 4. Lessen, contract, make smaller. Take-in, «. (Collog.). Fraud, deception, im- posture, cheat. Taking, a. I. Pleasing, alluring, captivating, attractive. 2. Infectious, catching. Taking, n. I. Seizing, seizure, apprehension. 2. Agitation, excitement, distress. 3. Vexation, anger, pique. Take in good part. Receive kindly, not be angry about, not be offended at. Take in hand. I. Undertake, engage in, set the hand to. 2. Deal with (j« the way of correction or dis- cipline). Take in sail. (Naut) Shorten sail, reduce sail. Take into account. Consider, remember. Take into custody. Arrest, take up, take pris- oner. Take in tow. Tow, draw, drag, haul, pull. Take it. Think, suppose, presume, believe, imag- ine, conclude. Take it ill. Be offended, be displeased, take exception. Take leave. Bid adieu, bid farewell, take one's departure. Take notice. Observe, remark, pay attention. Take oa^. Swear solemnly. Take-off, «. Imitation, caricature. Takeoff. I. Remove, divest one's self of. 2. Remove, take away, carry off. 3. Cut off. 4. Withdraw, withhold. TAKE ON 425 TANGENT 5. Destroy, kill. 6. Swallow, drink. 7. Imitate, personate, mimic 8. Copy, reproduce. 9. Remove, invalidate. Take on. {Neuter.) Complain, lament, be much affected- Take on. {Active.) Assume, be willing to bear, take upon, take up. Take one's chance. Venture, tempt fortune, try one's fortune, try one's luck. Take one's choice. Choose, select, pick and choose. Take one's fancy. Please, afford pleasure, charm. Take one's own course. Act one's pleasure, do as one chooses. Take out. I. Remove, withdraw, draw out, extract. 2. Obliterate, efface, destroy, draw out, re- move. Take part. I. Share, partake. 2. Unite, join. Take place. I. Happen, occur, come to pass. 2. Prevail, have effect. Take root. Be rooted, be firmly established. Take sides. Favor one side, take up the cause of one side. Take the air. Breathe the open air, go abroad in the open air. Take the field. {Mil.) Encamp, commence operations. Take the lead. Lead the way, go before, go ahead, go in the van. Take the place of. Supply the place of, be a sub- stitute for, stand in the shoes of. Take time by the forelock. Seize the occasion, let not the opportunity slip, make hay while the sun shines, strike the iron while it is hot. Take to. I. Apply to, be fond of. 2. Have recourse to, betake one's self to. Take to do. {Colloq.) Reprove, take to task. Take to flight. Flee, fly, run away, take to one's heels. Take to heart. Feel keenly, be greatly grieved at, be much affected by, take on about, be much troubled by, lay to heart. Take to one's heels. Flee, fly, run away, take to flight. Take to task. Reprove, reprimand, chide, take to do, call to account, rebuke. Take up. I. Raise, lift. 2. Begin {especially where another has left off)- 3. Fasten {with a ligature). A. Engross, engage, employ. 5. Occupy, fill, cover. 6. Arrest, seize, catch, take prisoner, take into custody. 7. Assume, adopt. 8. Pay {as a note)y discharge, settle. 9. Buy or borrow. 10. Answer by reproof, reprimand. 11. Comprise, include. 12. Collect, exact {as a tax). Take up arms. Begm war. commence hostilities. Take up one's connection. Terminate one's relations. Take upon one's self. I. Assume, undertake. 2. Incur, appropriate to one's self. Take up the gauntlet. Accept the challenge. Take up with. Be contented with. Tale, «. I. Oral relation, story, account, that which is told, rehearsal, narrative. 2. Story, fable, legend, narrative, relation, apologue, parable, novel, romance. 3. Information, anything disclosed. 4. Account, count, reckoning. Tale-hearer, n. Tell-tale, tattler, mumble-news, gossip. Talent, «. Gift, faculty, capacity, genius, endow- ment, ability, ableness, power, parts, cleverness, turn, aptitude, aptness, knack, forte. Talented, a. Gifted, of talent, of brilliant parts. Tale-teller, «. See Tale-bearer. Talipes, «. {Surgery.) Club-foot. Talisman, n. Charm, amulet, phylactery. Talismanic, a. Magical. Talk, V. n. I, Speak, converse. 2. Confer, reason, deliberate. 3. Prattle, prate. Talk, V. a. I. Speak, use for conversing. 2. Speak, utter, mention in speaking. Talk, n. I. Conversation, converse, colloquy, discourse, conference, communication, dialogue, confabulation, chat, parley, oral intercourse. 2. Report, rumor, bruit, town talk. 3. Subject of discourse, theme. Talkative, a. Loquacious, garrulous, chatty, con- versable, cozy, long-tongued. Talk away. Spend or pass in talking. Talk big. {Colloq.) Boast, brag, vaunt, gas- conade, bluster, vapor, exalt one's seif , maguify one's self, se/aire valoir. Talker, «. I. Converser, conversationalist. 2. Prattler, loquacious person, chatterer, chat- ter-box, babbler, magpie, ntoulin h paroles. 3. Boaster, braggart, gascon. Talk of. Speak of, relate, tell, recount. Talk over. I. Talk about, discuss, confer COQ- cerning. 2. Persuade, convince, prevail upon. Talk to. I. Speak befitting. 2. {Colloq) Reprove gently, advise, exhort. Tall, a. High {in stature), lofty, elevated, tow- ering. Tallness, n. Height {of stature). Tallow, n. Suet {/reed /rom adhering fnem- branes). Tall talk. Boasting, vaporing, bombast, exag- geration. Tally, n. Mate, match, counterpart. Tally, V. n. ^Iatch, agree, accord, conform, cor- respond, harmonize, square, coincide, suit. Talon, n. Claw {of a bird), nail. Talus, «. Ankle-bone. Tamarack, ». Hackmatack, American larch, black larch {Larix ^endula or Americana). Tame, a. I. Domesticated, domestic, mild, gen- tle, docile, reclaimed, 2. Subdued, crushed, submissive, meek. 3. Spiritless, dull, flat, feeble, lean, vapid, insipid, jejune, barren, languid, prosing, prosy, prosaic, uninteresting, poor, tedious. Tame, v. a. I. Domesticate, make tame, make docile, reclaim. 2. Subdue, repress, conquer, overcome, over- throw, subjugate. Tamper, v. n I. Meddle, intermeddle, dabble, have to do {in a tentative -way). 2. Intrigue, deal secretly, use bribery, seduce, suborn. Tan, V. a. I. Convert into leather, impregnate with tannin. 2. Imbrown, make tawny, imbrown by ex- posure. Tan-colored, a. Leather-colored, tawny. Tang, n. I. Smack, taste, flavor, savor. 2. Sting. 3. Twang. 4. Tangle, sea-tang, oar-weed, sea-girdles, edible sea-weed {Laminaria aigitata). Tan?ency, «. Contact, touching. Tangent, a. Touching. TANGIBILITY 426 TAUNT Tangibility, «. Tangibleness. Tangible, a, I. Tactile, palpable, corporeal, mate- rial. 2. Real, certain, positive, substantial, solid, material, perceptible, sensible, open, plain, obvi- ous. Tangle, v. a. I, Interweave {confusedly), inter- twine, complicate, perplex, snarl, entangle, mat. 2. Entrap, ensnare, catch. 3. Embroil, embarrass, perplex. Tangle, «. I. Complication, intricacy, perplexity, snarl. 2. Perplexity, embarrassment. 3. Tang, sea-tang, oar-weed, sea-girdles (Z.osition, dictum,; thesis. Theoretic, I a. Speculative, conjectural, hypo- Theoretical, ) thetical. Theorist, «. See Theorizer. Theorize, v. n. Speculate, form theories. Theorizer, «. Speculator, theorist, man of ab- stractions, philosopher. Theory, «. I. Speculation, hypothesis, assump- tion, conjecture, postulate, plan, scheme, system. 2. Science, philosophy, doctrine, abstract prin- ciples. 3. Exposition, rationale. 4. Philosophical explanation. The people. See The public. The poor. The indigent, beggars, paupers, mendicants. The Porch. The Stoic philosophy, philosophy of Zeno, stoicism. The Preserver. See God. The Prince of Darkness. See Satan. The public. Persons, men, society, the people, the community, the world. The quality. Nobility, gentry, aristocracy, per- sons of rank, noblesse. Therapeutic, Therapeutical There, ad. In that place. Thereabout, \ad. I. Nearly, about that, some- ThereaboutS, J where about that. 2. Near that place. Thereafter, ad. I. Afterward, subsequently, after that. 2. Accordingly, according to that. Thereby, ad. By that means, in consequence of that. The Redeemer. See Christ. Therefor, ad. For that or this or it. Therefore, conj. and ad. I. Thence, then, for that reason, on that account, for that. 2. Consequently, accordingly, by consequence. 3. In return or recompense for this or that, in consideration of. Therefrom, ad. From this or that. Therein, ad. In that, in this, in that particular. Thereof, ad. Of that, of this. Thereon, ad. On that, on this. Thereto, ad. To that, to this. Thereupon, ad. I. Upon that, upon this. 2. In consequence of that, on account of that. 3. Immediatelv, at once, without delay. Therewith, ad. With that, with this. Theriac, «. See Theriaca. Theriaca, «. {Med.) Treacle, theriac, Venice treacle {Theriaca Andromachi). Thermal, a. I. Warm, hot. 2. As respects heat. The Sabbath. Tlie Lord's day, the seventh day, the dav of rest. The Sanctifier. See The Spirit. Thesaurus, «. [L.] I, Treasury, storehouse. 2. Repository {especially of knowledge). The Saviour. See Christ. Thesis, «. I. Proposition, position, dictum, doc- trine. 2. Theme, subject, topic, text. 3. Essay, dissertation, composition. 4. {Log.) Affirmation. The Spirit. Holy Spirit, Holy Ghost, the Spirit of God, the Sanctifier, the Paraclete, the Comforter- The subscriber. The undersigned. The Tempter. See Satan. The Trinity. God, the Almighty, the Godhead, the Holy Trinity, the Triune God. The Twins. {Astron.) Gemini. The undersigned. The subscriber <»r subscribers. Theurgy, «• Necromancy, witchcraft, sorcery, magic, thaumaturgy, wouder-working, the black art. The vulgar. The populace, the multitude, the rabble, the crowd, the common people. The Wain. Charles's Wain, the Great Bear, Ursa Major. The Wicked One. See Satan. The Word. I. Christ, the Logos. 2. The Bible, the Word of God. Thews, «.//. Muscles, sinews, brawn, muscular strength, nerve. Thewy, a. Muscular, sinewy, brawny, strong. Thick, a. I. Not thin {in measure). 2. Dumpy, squab, squat, plump, bulky, solid. 3. Dense. 4. Dense, gross, inspissate, inspissated, gru- mous. 5. Misty, cloudy, foggy, hazy, dirty, vaporous, vapory. 6. Turbid, muddy, roiled. 7. Abundant, frequent, numerous, multitudi- nous. 8. Compact, crowded, close, closely set, dense. 9. Indistinct, inarticulate, confused. 10. Dull, not quick. 11. Dim, indistinct, weak. 12. {Colloq.) Intimate, familiar, neighborly, well-acquainted, friendly, hand and glove. Thick, n. Thickest part. Thick, ad. I. Frequently, fast, quick. 2. Densely, closely, thickly. 3. To a great depth. Thick and thin, whatever is in the way, all ob- stacles, impediments. Thicken, v. a. I. Inspissate, make dense. 2. Make close, make compact. 3. Make frequent. Thicken, v. n. I. Grow thick, become inspis- sated. 2. Concrete, become solid, be consolidated, condense, solidify. 3. Become obscure, become dark, become dim. 4. Press, crowd, become close, become com- pact, increase. 5. Become animated, grow quick, become con- fused. Thicket, «. Grove, copse, wood, forest, coppice, jungle, brake, bocage. Thick-head, «. See Thick-skull. Thick Up. Blobber-lip. Thick-lipped, a. Blobber-lipped. Thickly, ad. I. Closely, densely, compactly. 2. Deeply, to a great depth. 3. Quickly. Thickness, n. I. The third dimension. 2. Denseness, density, compactness. 3. Consistence, grossness, spissitude. 4. Indistinctness. Thickset, a. I. Close-planted, dense. 2. Stout, massive, strongly built. Thick-skinned, a. Dull, obtuse, insensible, un- susceptible, callous. Thick-skull, «. Blockhead, dunce, dullard, dolt, numskull, thick-head. Thick-skuUed, a. Stupid, dull, heavy, thick- headed, doltish, foolish. Thief, n. I. Pilferer, petty robber, filch er. 2. Swindler, peculator, embezzler, defrauder, sharper, defaulter. 3. Pickpocket, cutpurse, pick -purse. 4. Burglar, ho'i<;e-breaker, cracksman (cani). 5. Footpad, highwayman. Thieve, v. n. I. Steal, pilfer, purloin. 2. Swindle, peculate, shark. THIEVERY 432 THOUGHT 3. Plapiarize. Thievery, «. I. Theft, larceny, stealing, thiev- ing, pilfering, filching, petty robbery, petty lar- ceny. 2. Peculation, embezzlement, theft, fraud, swindling. 3. Plagiarism. Thieving, «. See Thievery. Thievish, a. I. Given to stealing, inclined to theft, light-fingered. 2. Sly, secret, stealthy, underhand, like a thief. Thievishness, «. Cleptomania, klopemania, pro- pensity to steal, mania for stealing. Thigh-bone, n. Femur. Thill-horse, n. Shaft-horse, thiller. Thills, «. //. Shafts. ThimWe-berry, «. Black raspberry [Rubusocci- dentalis). Thimbleful, «. I. As much as a thimble holds. 2. Sip, sup, drop, swallow, mouthful, spoon- ful, taste. Thin, a. I. Not thick {in measure). 2. Slender, slim, meagre, lean, poor, gaunt, scraggy, skinny, lank, scrawny, shrunk, emaci- ated. 3. Meagre, poor, slender, not well-grown. 4. Fine, slender, small, tenuous, delicate, thread-like, fine-spun. 5. Rare, subtile, attenuated, dilute, tenuous. 6. Sparse, scanty. 7. Slight, flimsy, light, gossamery, delicate, unsubstantial. 8. Small, fine, faint, low, feeble, slight, light. Thin, V. a. I. Make thin. _ 2. Rarefy, attenuate, dilute, make less dense. Thing, «. I. Being {animate or inanimate), creature, substance, body, object, created being. 2. Inanimate object, lump of matter, lifeless substance. 3. Event, transaction, deed, act, action, occur- rence, circumstance, matter. 4. Part, portion, something. 5. [pi.] C\oihes {coliog.). 6. [//•] Furniture, appurtenances, chattels, goods, effects, movables {colloq.). Think, v. «. I, Cogitate, reflect, meditate, pon- der, muse, contemplate, exercise the mind, rumi- nate, speculate. 2. Deliberate, consider, reason. 3. Conclude, determine, judge, suppose, imag- ine, fancy, believe, deem, opine, ween, have an opinion, be of opinion, take it, conceive, appre- hend. 4. Remember, call to mind. 5. Purpose, intend, design, mean, have in mind. 6. Presume, venture, dare. Think, v, a. I. Imagine, conceive, entertain an idea of, cherish a thought of. 2. Consider, regard, hold, believe, judge, sup- pose, esteem, deem, account, count, reckon, look upon. 3. Plot, plan, compass, contrive, design. Thinkable, a. Cogitable, conceivable. Think ill of. Disapprove of, object to, take ex- ception to, view with disfavor. Thinking, a. Reasoning, rational, cogitative, re- flecting. Thinking, n. I. Reflection, meditation, cogita- tion, musing, contemplation. 2. Judgment, opinion, thought, belief, mind. Think likely. Dare say, expect, consider prob- able. Think no more of. I. Forget, discard from one's mind. 2. Forgive, forgive and forget, overlook, par- don, condone, let bygones be bygones. Think of. Intend, purpose, design, propose, have in mind. Think well of. I. Esteem, have a good opinion of, have a high opinion of, think much of, think highly of. 2. Approve, commend, think favorably of. Thinness, «. I. Slendemess, slimness, meagre- ness, leanness, gauntness, emaciation, lankness. 2. Meagreness, poorness, slenderness. 3. Tenuity, fineness, slenderness, delicacy, exiguity. 4. lenuity, rareness. 5. Rarity, rareness, tenuity, subtilty, ethere- alness. 6. Sparseness, scantiness, paucity, fewness, scarcity. 7. Flimsiness, lightness, delicacy. Thin-skinned, a. (Colloq.) Sensitive, irritable. Third, K. Third jiart. Third estate. Commons, commonalty. Thirst, «. I. Desire for drink. 2. Desire, longing, craving, hankering, yearn- ing, appetite, hunger. 3. Dryness, drought, aridity. Thirst, V. n. I. Desire to drink. 2. Desire, long, crave, hanker, yearn. Thirsty, a. I. Suffering from thirst. 2. Dry, parched, arid, without moisture. 3. Longing, craving, greedy, eager. Thistle-finch, n. Goldfinch {Carduelis elegans or Fringilla carduelis). Thither, ad. I. To that place, there. 2. To that point, to that end, to that result. Thole, n. Dome, cupola, tholus. Thong, n. Strap, strip of leather, leathern string. Thorax, «. I. Chest, trunk {of the body). 2. Breast-plate, corselet, cuirass. Thorn, «. I. Spine, prickle. 2. Annoyance, plague, nuisance, care, inflic- tion, trouble, scourge, torment, bitter pill, curse, gall and wormwood, evil, bane, nettle. Thorn-apple, «. Stramonium, stramony, apple- Peru, Jamestown weed {Datura stramonium). Thorn-back, «. {Ich.) Rough ray {Rata da- vata). Thorny, a. I, Spiny, spinose, spinous, prickly, briery. 2. Pricking, sharp, pointed, acuminated, picked, spiky, barbed. 3. Troublesome, vexatious, annoying, harass- ing, perplexing, difficult, rugged, trying. Thorough, a. Complete, entire, total, perfect, finished. Thorough-bass, «. {Mus.) Harmony, science of harmony. Thorough-bred, a. I. Instructed, accomplished, finished, practised, qualified, trained, proficient, able, well-educated, well-versed, aufait. 2. Of full blood {as horses). Thoroughfare, n. Passage {free from obstruc- tion), street, road, way. Thorough-going, a. I. Very thorough, complete, radical. 2. Extreme, thorough-paced. Thoroughwort, n. Boneset, ague-weed, Indian sage, feverwort {Etipatorium perfohatii?n ). Thorp, «. Hamlet, small village, dorp. Though, conj. I. Although, granting, admitting, allowing, notwithstanding that. 2. However, yet, nevertheless. Thought, «. I. Cogitation, reflection, medita- tion, musing, contemplation, thinking, notion. 2. Idea, conception, consideration, specula- tion, study, deliberation, pondering. 3. Imagination, conceit, fancy, notion. 4. Judgment, conclusion, opinion, notion, sup- position, idea, view. THOUGHTFUL 433 THROUGH 5. Deliberation, consideration, reasoning, meditation, 6. Design, purpose, intention. Thoughtful, a. I. Contemplative, reflective, pen- sive, speculative, deliberative, studious, sedate, reflecting. 2. Careful, heedful, regardful, mindful, atten- tive, considerate, circumspect, wary, discreet, prudent. 3. Studious, serious, sober, quiet, promoting thought. Thoughtfulness, «. I. Deep meditation. 2. Serious attention, anxiety, sohcitude. Thoughtless, a I. Heedless, regardless, careless, neglectful, negligent, inattentive, inconsiderate, unmindful, unobservant, remiss, unwatchtul, in- advertent, flighty, reckless, hare-brained, giddy- brained, light-headed, giddy. 2. Stupid, dull, insensate, unthinking, block- ish. 3. Dissipated, gay, giddy, loose. Thoughtlessness, «. Inattention, heedlessness, carelessness, absence of mind, inadvertence, ne- glect, oversight. Thousand, n. I. Ten hundred. 2. Great number, many, multitude, myriad. Thraldom, «. Slavery, servitude, subjection, bon- dage, vassalage, serfdom, enslavement, enthral- ment, thrall. Thrall, «. I. Slave, bondman, vassal, serf. 2. See Thraldom. Thrall, v. a. Enslave, enthrall. Thrash, v. a. I. Thresh. 2. Drub, maul, pommel, beat, flog, bruise, thwack, wallop. Thrashel, I p, ., Thrashle, ( "• *'*''• Thrasher, «. I. Thresher. 2. Fox-shark, sea-fox, sea-ape [Carcharias vulpes). 3. Brown thrush, French mocking-bird, brown thrasher (JFurdus rufus). Thrasonical, a. I. \Said of things.^ Boasting, bragging, gasconading. 2. \_Satd of persons.] Boastful, bragging, vainglorious, ostentatious, pretentious. Thread, «. I. Filament, fibre, small string, slender cord. 2. Filament, fibre, pile, staple. 3. Course, tenor, drift. Thread, v. a. Thrld, go through, pass through Threadbare, a. I. Napless, worn, seedy. 2. Trite, hackneyed, stale, worn out, common, commonplace. Thread-shaped, a. Filiform, filamentous. Threat, «. Menace, denunciation. Threaten, v. a. I. Menace, denounce. 2. Portend, presage, forebode, augur, fore- shadow, prognosticate, indicate. Threaten, z/. «. I. Use threats, use menaces 2. Impend, be near at hand, be imminent, stare one in the face. Threatening, «. I. Menacing, minatory, mina- cious, coniminatory. 2. Impending, impendent, imminent. Threatening, «. Commination, tlireat, denuncia- tion, menace, menacing. Three-capsuled, a. (Bot.) Tricapsular. Three-celled, «. (Bo/.) Trilocular. Three-Cleft, a. (Bot) Tnfid. Three-grained, a. (Boi.) Tricoccous. Three-leaved, tf. (Boi) Tnphyllous, trifoliate. Threescore, a. Sixty, thrice twenty. Three sheets in the wind. (Sailor's phrase.) Tipsy, fuddled, somewhat intoxicated, the worse for liquor, having had a drop too much, half- seas-over. Three-valved, a. Trivalvular. Threnetic, a. Sorrowful, mournful, dirge-like. Threnody, «. Song of lamentation, lament, requiem, dirge. Thresh, v. a. See Thrash. Threshold, «. I. Doorsiil. 2. Entrance, gate, door. 3. Entrance, outset, beginning, commence- ment, start, opening. Thrice, ad. Three times. Thrid, v. a. Thread, go through, pass through. Thrift, «. I. Success, prosperity, gain, profit, luck, good fortune. 2. Frugality, thriftiness, economy, good-hus- bandry, economical management, savingness. Thriftiness, «. See Thrift. Thriftless, a. Extravagant, profuse, lavish, prod- igal, wasteful, unthrifty, too free, over-liberal, improvident. Thrifty, a. I. Frugal, sparing, economical, sav- ing, careful, provident. 2. Thriving, prosperous. 3. Vigorous, growing well, flourishing, thriv- ine;. Thrill, V. a. I. Pierce, bore, perforate, drill. 2. Penetrate, pierce, move, touch, affect, strike, agitate, stir, inspire. Thrill, 7'. ft. I. Penetrate, pierce. 2. Pass with a tremulous motion, tremble, vibrate. 3. Tingle. Thrive, v. n. I. Prosper, succeed, get on, come on, become wealthy, get rich. 2. Grow, increase, advance, flourish, improve, make improvement. 3. Grow, flourish, increase in bulk. Thriving, a. I. Prosperous, successful, thrifty, flourishing. 2. Growing, flourishing. Throat, «. I. Pharynx, swallow, gullet, oesoph- agus. 2. (5o/.) Faux. Throat-pipe, «• wind-pipe, weasand, trachea. Throb, V. n. Beat, palpitate, pulsate. Throb, n. Beat, beating, pulsation, palpitation, throbbing. Throbbing, «. Beating, pulsating, palpitating, act of pulsating. Throe, «. Paroxysm (of extreme pain, especially in childbirth), fit, spasm, anguish, pang, agony. Throne, n. I. Chair of state. 2. Sovereignty, sovereign power, sway. Throne, v. a. I. Enthrone, place on a royal seat 2. Exalt, give an elevated place. Throng, n. Crowd, multitude, horde, press, liost. Throng, v. n. Crowd, press, flock. Throng, v. a. Crowd, fill. Throstle, n. Mavis, song-thrush (Turdus tnusi- cus). Throttle, «. Windpipe, trachea, throat, wea- sand Throttle, v. a. Choke, strangle, suffocate. Throttle, v. n. Choke, suffocate. Through, prep. I. From one side, end, or part of to the other. 2. Between the sides of, between the walls of, within. 3. By means of, by the agency of, in conse- quence of, by the aid of. 4. Over the whole surface of 5. Among, In the midst of. 6. From beginning to end, to the end, through- out. Through, ad. I. From one side or part to the other. 28 THROUGHOUT 434 TIDE OVER 2. From beginning to end. 3. To the end. TbrougtlOUt, prep. Over, completely through, quite through, through every part oi, from one extremity to the other of. ThrougllOUtt ad. From beginning to end, from first to last, in every part, everywhere, from end to end, from head to foot, from top to toe. Throw, V. a. I. Whirl, cast in a winding direc- tion, hurl. 2. Cast, hurl, launch, fling, send, toss, pitch, sling, dart, lance, propel, jaculate, project, let fly. 3. Wind, twist, twfst together. 4. Put, spread. 5. Overturn, prostrate, throw down, lay flat, 6. Put off, divest one's self of. 7. Cast, send. 8. Drive by violence. 9. Cast {at dice). Throw, V. n. Make a cast, cast dice. Throw, n. I. Fling, cast, toss. 2. Jigger, potter's wheel. Throw away. I. Lose, spend in vain, waste. 2, Relinquish, give up, cast off, throw by, throw or heave overboard, cast to the winds. 3. Reject. Throw back. I. Reject, refuse. 2. Retort, rebuff, cast back. Throw by. Reject, lay aside, cast off, throw away. Throw cold water on. Chill, damp, discourage, cool, quench. Throw down. I. Prostrate, lay flat. 2. Subvert, overthrow, destroy, demolish, do away with. Throw in. I. Inject. 2. Put in. 3. Relinquish, ^ive up. Throw off. I. Discard, reject, repudiate, re- nounce. 2. Expel, drive off, drive away, clear from. 3. Put ofE, lay aside, cast off. Throw on. Cast on, load. Throw one's self down. Lie down. Throw one's self on. \ Repose upon, resign Throw one's self upon. ) one's self to the favor, clemency, or power of. Throw out. I. Reject, exclude, cast out, dis- card, expel. 2. Speak, utter, express. Throw Up. I. Resign, lay down, give up, demit. 2. Emit, eject, send up. 3. Vomit, disgorge. Thrum, v. a I. Play (as an instrument), strum, play upon. 2. Fringe, knot, tuft. Thrust, V. a. Push, drive, impel, force, clap, poke, shove. Thrust, V. n. Make a thrust. Thrust, n. I. Push, shove, pass, stab, allonge, lunge, tilt. 2. Assault, attack, charge. Th^fS'l I'-haway.,ei=c.. Thrust in. I. Push in, drive in. 2. Insert. 3. Interpose. Thrust off. Push away. Thrust on. Impel, urge. Thrust one's nose in. {Colloq.) Interfere, med- dle, intermeddle, put in one's oar. Thrust one's self. Obtrude, intrude. Thrust out. Drive out, drive away, expel. Thrust throueh. Pierce, stab. Thrust together. Compress. Thrust upon. Force upon. Thud, «. I. Shock, impetus. 2. Stroke, blow, thump, knock. ' Thuja, «. [Written also Thuya ] Arbor vitae. ThSiJe","^""''}- (^-) Axinite. Thump, n. Blow, knock, stroke. Thump, V. a. Beat, knock, strike, belabor, thwack, punch, whack, batter. Thumping, a. I. Heavy. 2. {Collog.) Stout, fat, large, big, overgrown. Thunder, ». I. Reverberating report {,0/ a dis- charge of atmospheric electricity') 2. Loud noise, roar, rumbling, boom, detona- tion. 3. Alarming threat, startling denunciation, fulmination. Thunder, v. n. I, Sound, rattle, roar, roll, boom. 2. Make a loud noise, detonate. Thunder, v. a. Utter threateningly, fulminate, hurl. Thunderbolt, «. I. Lightning-flash. 2. Fulmination, denunciation. 3. (Geol.) Thunder-stone, belemnite. Thunder-Clap, «. Thunder-stroke. Thunder-shower, «. See Thunder-storm. Thunder-storm, «. Tempest {accompanied with thunder and lightning), thunder-shower. Thunder-Stroke, n. Ihunder-clap. Thunder-struck, a. Astonished, amazed, as- tounded, dumfoundered. Thunder-tube, «. hulgurite. Thurible, «. Censer. Thus, ad. I. In this manner, in this wise. 2. So, to this degree Thwack, v. a. {Collog.) Strike, beat, thump, belabor, whack, rap, bang, thrash. Thwack, «. Blow, stroke, thump, pat, knock, rap. Thwart, V a. I. Traverse, cross, intersect, lie across, move across. 2. Hinder, oppose, oppugn, obstruct, contra- vene, counteract, disconcert, cross. 3. Frustrate, defeat, balk. Thwartness, «. Untowardness, perverseness. Tiara, «. Triple-crown (o/the Pope). Tibia, «. [L.] Shin-bone. Tic, n. Twitching, velhcation. Tic douloureux. [Fr.] Neuralgia in the face, facial neuralg'ia. Tick, ». I. Click, beat. 2. Bed-tick, ticking. 3. Trust, credit. Tick, V. n. Click, beat. Tick, V. a. Score, check, check off. Ticking, «. Bed-ticking, tick, ticken. Tickle, V. a. I. Titillate. 2. Please {by trtjles), delight, gladden, rejoice, gratify, make glad, give joy to, take one's 4ncy, do one's heart good. Tickling, «. Titillation. Ticklish, a. I. Easily tickled. 2. Unsteady, unstable, tottering, uncertain, precarious. 3. Delicate, nice, critical, difficult. Tidbit, «. Titbit, dainty, delicacy, nice bit, choice morsel, dehcate morsel, delicious mouthful. Tide, «. I. Rise and fall of the sea. 2. Current, stream. 3. Course, current, stream, tendency of events, direction of influences, concurrence of influences. Tide-lock, n. Guard-lock. Tide over. I. Float over, get over by waiting, surmount or pass by caution and patience, escape or evade by the favor of circumstances, avoid by delay. TIDE-WAITER 435 TIMIDITY 2. Escape the shoals, avoid by a httle, get over without scraping or sinking, keep one's head above water. Tide-waiter, «. Land-waiter. Tidily, ad. Neatly. Tidiness. «. Neatness Tidings, «. pL News {of special interest^ intelli- gence, word, advice, information. Tidy, a. Neat, orderly, trim. Tie, V. a. I. Bind, fasten (with a cord or string\ manacle, shackle, fetter. 2. Knit, interlace, complicate, knot, entangle. 3. Unite, join, connect, link, fasten, hold, bind, knit, lock, yoke. 4. Oblige, constrain, restrain, confine. Tie, «. I. Knot, fastening, band, ligature. 2. Bond, obligation. 3. Equal number (on both sides, as o/ votes). Tie down. I. Fasten down. 2. Restrain, confine, hinder from action, shackle, restrict, hamper Tier, «. I. Row, rank, series, 2. [Written also Tire.'\ Pinafore. Tiercelet, ) ""' Goshawk, male hawk. Tiers 6tat. [Fr.] The commonalty {as distin- guished front the nobility and clergy), third estate. Tie up. Confine, restrain, hinder from motion. Tiff, n. Pet, miff, rage, passion, fume, fit of anger, angry mood. Tiff, V n. {Rare) Quarrel, wrangle, bicker, spar, jangle, have words, fall out, have an alter- cation, be at variance, be in a pet. Tiffin, n. Luncheon. Tig, «. Tag. Tigella, «. XBot.) Radicle. Tiger-wolf, «. Hyena. Tight, a. I. Compact, firm, firmly held together. 2. Close, fast, not open, not leaky. 3. Close-fitting, not loose. 4. Tense, stretched, uught. 5. Close. 6. Whole, neat. 7. {Colloq) Fuddled, boozy, disguised, mel- low, in liquor, high, in one's cups, somewhat intoxicated. 8. {Colloq. f U. S.) Stringent {as the money market). 9. {Colloq., U. S) Parsimonious, stingy, penurious, hard, close-fisted. Tighten, v. a. Make tight, straiten. Tights, «. //. Close-fitting pantaloons. Tike, n. I. Tick. 2. Countryman, clown, boor, peasant, hind, churl, rustic. 3. Cur, dog. Till, n. Money-drawer. Till, V. a. Cultivate, dress the ground. Till, prep. Until, to the time of, up to. Till, conj. or ad. Until, to the time when. Tillable, a. Arable. Tillage, «. Culture {of land), cultivation, hus- bandry, agriculture, farming, geoponics. Tillage land. Plough land, arable land. Tillandsia, «. {Bot) Long moss, black moss. Tiller, «. I. Husbandman, cultivator, ploughman. 2. Rudder-bar. 3. Cross-bow handle. 4. Till, small drawer, money-box. Till now. To the present time, up to the present time. Till then. To that time, up to that time. Tilmus, n. {Med.) Floccillation, carphology, picking of the bed-clothes. Tilt, «• I. Covering overhead, tent. 2. Awning, canopy. 3. Thrust, pass, allonge, lunge 4. Encounter, combat {as a practice of arms), joust. 5- Slant (as of a barrel for discharging a liqiwr), slope, inclination, cant. 6. Tilt-hammer. Tilt, V. a. I. Slant, slope, incline, cant, tip. 2. Forge {with a tilt-hammer), hammer. 3. Point, thrust. Tilt, V. H. I. Joust, rush {as in combat), make a rush, make a tilt. 2. Lean, incline, tip. 3. Float, toss, ride unsteadily. Tilt-hammer, «. Trip-hammer. Timber, «. I. Wood {/or building). 2. Beam, squared stick. 3. 'R.\h{ofa ship's frame). 4. Trunk, stem, body {of a tree). 5. Material, stuff, stock 6. [iVestern U. S.] Woods, forest-trees. Timbered, a. I. Wooded. 2. Furnished with timber. Timber-head, «. {Naut.) Kevel-head. Timbre, n. {Mus.) Quality {of tone). Time, ». I. Duration. 2. Spell, season, interval, term, while, span, space of time. 3. Period, age, era, epoch, date, term. 4. Delivery, parturition, confinement, hour of travail, j)eriod of childbirth. 5. Fit season, proper time, opportunity, sea- son. 6. Allotted period, appropriated time. 7. Occasion, particular period. 8« Life, lifetime, duration of one's life. 9. Present life, existence in this world. 10. Leisure, vacant time, unoccupied time. 11. {Mus.) Measure. Time, v. a. I. Adapt to the occasion. 2. Regulate (hels of potatoes. Tone, n. I. Sound, note- 2. Accent, intonation, emphasis, cadence, modulation, inflection. 3. Temper, mood, state of mind. 4. Vigor, strength, energy, force, tension, elasticity. 5. Prevailing color (of a picture), general ef- fect, style, manner, cast. 6. Tenor, drift, prevailing character, spirit. Tone down. I. Give a lower tone to. 2. Moderate, relax, diminish, weaken, soften. 3. {Painting.) Soften, bring colors into har- monious relations. Toneless, a. Unintonated, aspirated, atonic, purd, pronounced with a simple breathing, without tone, without vocality, not sonant. Tone up. Make more intense, heighten, strength- en, give a higher tone to. Tong, n. Tongue, catch of a buckle. TongO, «. Mangrove {Rhizofhora). Tongue, «• I. Language, dialect. 2. Talk, discourse, speech. 3. Nation, race. 4. Tong, catch of a buckle. 5. Projection, projecting part. Toneue-Shaped, a. (Bot.) Linpuiform. Tonic, «. I. Strengthening medicine. 2. (Mus.) Key, key-note, first note of the scale, fundamental note To-night, n. The present night, the night after the present day. Tonnlsh, a. Fashionable, modish. TonsHitis, n. Quinsy, inflammation of the tonsils. Tonsils, n. pi. Almonds, amygdalee. Tonsor, «. Barber. Tonstired, a. I. Having the tonsure, shaven, shorn, clipped. 2. Bald. Tony, «. (Ludicrous.) Dunce, simpleton, block- head, fool, donkey, ass, dolt, dullard, dunderhead, loggerhead, numskull, noodle, goose, thick-head. Too, ad. I. Overmuch, over. 2. Also, likewise, moreover, in addition. Tool, n. I. Instrument, implement, utensil. 2. Hireling, instrument, cat's-paw. Toon- wood, n. Indian mahogany, Indian cedar, bastard cedar (Cedrela Toona). Toot, V. a. Blow {as a horn), sound. Toothache, «. See Odontalgia. Tooth and nail. ( Colloquial expression used ad- verbially.) I. Biting and scratching, using every means of attack and defence. 2. Strenuously, vigorously, earnestly, reso- lutely, energetically, with all one's might, with might and main, through thick and thin, throuch fire and water, hammer and tongs, pugnis et cal- cibus. Tooth-ornament, n. (Arch.) Dog-tooth, nail- head. Tooth-powder, «. Dentifrice. Tooth-rash, «. Red-gum, milk-spots. Toothsome, a. Palatable, delicious, savory, nice, luscious, dainty, agreeable to the taste. Top, n. I. Summit, apex, acme, pinnacle, zenith, vertex, utmost height, culminating point, meridian. TOP 438 TOTO CCELO 2. Surface, upper side, superficies. 3. Utmost degree. 4. Highest part, upper end, apex. 5. Head, highest rank, most honorable posi- tion, highest place. 6. Chief, most prominent one. 7. Head, crown of the head. 8. Head, upper part of a plant. Top, a. Highest, uppermost, topmost. Top, V, a, I, Cap, tip, cover on the top. 2. Rise above, surmount. 3. Rise to the top of, reach the summit of. 4. Outgo, surpass. 5. Crop, lop, take the top off. Top, V. n. I. Rise aloft, be eminent. 2. Predominate, overpower. 3. Excel, rise above others, surpass, be supe- rior. Topau, «. {Ornith.) Horn-bill, Indian raven {Buceros rhinoceros). Top-coat, «. \.Eng.'\ Overcoat, outer coat, upper coat. Tope, V. n- Tipple, drink hard, be addicted to strong drink. Toper, n. Tippler, drunkard, sot, dram-drinker, wine-bibber, toss-pot, hard drinker. Topet, «. (Ornith.) Toupet, toupet-tit, crested titmouse {Partis bicolor). Topiary, n. Ornamental {as the trimmiitg of hedges, trees, paths., etc , in a garden). Topic, n. I. Subject, theme, thesis, question, point, matter, subject-matter, matter in hand. 2. Head, division, subdivision. 3. Commonplace (o/ argument or oratory), general truth, general idea, maxim, dictum, rule, precept, principle, general statement. 4. Scheme, arrangement, method of arrange- ment, principle of arrangement. 5. {Med.) External local remedy, plaster, blister, poultice, vesicatory, epispastic. Topical, a. I. Local, limited. 2. Probable, not demonstrative. 3. Consisting of topics. Topin-amber, «. Jerusalem artichoke {Helian- thus tuberosus). Topmost, a. Uppermost, highest. Top off. Complete, finish. Topographer, «. Topographist. TopOgraphist, n. Topographer. Topping, a. I. Surpassing, rising above, emi- nent. 2. Fine, gallant. Topple, V. n. Fall {top foremost), tumble down, topple over, topple down, tumble over. Top-shaped, a. {Bot.) Cone-shaped, turbinate, inversely conical. Topsy-turvy, ad. Upside down, bottom upward, the wrong side up, top side t' other way, keel upward. Torch, n. Flambeau, blazing brand, link. Torment, «. Anguish, agony, torture, rack, pang, extreme pain, excruciating pain, acute distress. Torment, v. a. I. Torture, distress, agonize, rack, excruciate, pain extremely, put to the rack, put to torture, harass with anguish. 2. Pain, distress, afflict. 3. Tease, vex, plague, harass, worry, harry, badger, fret, irritate, nettle, provoke, tantalize, trouble, annoy. Tormentor, «. Torturer. Tormina, «. pi- Gripes, colicky pains. Torminous, a. Griping, colicky. Tornado, «. Storm {of great violence and with a whirling motion), hurricane, whirlwind, tempest, cyclone, blizzard. Torose, a. {Bot.) Knobby, torous. Torous, a. See Torose. Torpedinons, a. Stupefying, torporific, dull, tor- pid, benumbing. Torpedo, «. I. Cramp-fish, electric ray ( Torpedo vulgaris). 2. Explosive engine for blowing up ships. . Torpescence, «. Torpidness, numbness, insensi- bility, stupidity, torpidity. Torpid, a. I. Numb, benumbed, motionless, lethargic. 2. Sluggish, inert, dull, inactive, indolent, stupid. Torpidity, «. I. Numbness, torpidness, torpor, lethargy, torpitude. 2. Sluggishness, inertness, dulness, inactivity, stupidity, indolence Torpidness, «. See Torpidity. Torpity, V. a. Numb, benumb, make torpid. Torpor, «. I. Numbness, torpidity, lethargy, in- sensibility. 2. Sluggishness, inertness, dulness, inactivity, stupidity, inaction- Torreft?^, v. a. I. Dry {byj^re). 2* Roast, scorch. 3. Dry, parch, partially toast {as drugs) Torrent, «. I. Rapid stream, strong current. 2. Rapid flow. Torrid, eak of in passing, allude to. Touchstone, n. I. Basanite, black jasper, Lydian stone. 2. Test, criterion, proof, ordeal, assay, touch. Touch up. I. Repair, improve by slight touches, mend, rub up. 2. Excite, arouse. Touchwood, «. Spunk, punk, agaric, German tinder. Touchy, a. Peevish, snappish, waspish, cross, testy, irritable, fretful, splenetic, techy, irascible, petulant, choleric, peppery, hot-tempered, quick- tempered, hke tinder, like touchwood. Tough, a. I. Adhesive, tenacious, cohesive, flexi- ble, without brittleness. 2. Coriaceous, leathery. 3. Viscous, clammy, tenacious, ropy, stringy, sticky. 4. Stiff, rigid, inflexible. 5. Strong, firm, hardy. 6. Refractory, stubborn, obdurate, callous, hard. 7. {Colloq.) Difficult, hard, hard to deal with, troublesome, formidable. 8. (Colloq.) Severe {. a. I. Transfigure, metamorphose, change the form of. 2. Transmute, change into another substance, convert. 3. Change, change the nature of, convert. 4. Transubstantiate {Rom. Cath. Church). Transformation, n. I. Metamorphosis, trans- figuration, change of form. 2. Transmutation, conversion, change. 3. Change, conversion. 4. Transubstantiation. Transfuse, v. a. Transfer {as hy pouring, instil- ling, or injecting), convey, transmit. Transfusion, ». Transferrence, transmission. Transgress, v. a. I. Exceed, transcend, pass, overstep, overpass, go beyond, pass over. 2. Disobey, infringe, break, contravene, set at naught, violate. Transgress, v. «. Err, sin, offend, do amiss. Transgression, «. I. Infringement, violation, infraction, breach, non-observance, transgress- ing. 2. Sin, offence, crime, misdemeanor, misdeed, misdoing, fault, trespass, evil deed, error, wrong- doing. Transgressive, a. Faulty, culpable, wrong. TRANSGRESSOR 442 TRAVAIL Transgressor, «. Offender, trespasser, culprit, delinquent, sinner, evil-doer. Transient, a. I. Passing, fleeting, temporary, soon past, soon passing, flying, flitting, brief, fugitive. 2. Hasty, momentary, imperfect, short. Transiently, ad. lu passage, for a short time, in a transient manner. Transire, «. Permit, custom-house warrant. Transit, «. I. Passage through, passage over, act of passing. 2. Conveyance, passage. 3. Line of passage, line of conveyance. 4. Passage {as qjf a heavenly body across the meridian). Transition, «. Change, shifting. Transitional, a. Transitionary. Transitionary, a. Transitional. Transitive, a. {Gram.) Active. Transitory, a. Transient, passing, fleeting, flit- ting, flymg, temporary, evanescent, ephemeral, momentary, short, brief, fugacious, short-lived, of short duration, here to-day and gone to-mor- row. Translate, v. a. I. iAntiguated.] Remove, transport. 2. Transfer. 3. Render, construe, interpret. 4. Transform, change into another form. Translation, n. I. Removal, transportation, con- veyance, carriage. 2. Transfer, transferring, transferrence. 3. Interpretation, rendering. 4. Version. 5. {Med.) Metastasis, change in the seat of a disease. Translucency, «. I. Semi-transparency, trans- lucence, pellucidity, pellucidness, diaphane- ity. 2. See Transparency. Translucent, a. I. Semi-transparent [admitting' rays of light, but not capable of being distinctly seen through), pellucid, diaphanous. 2. See Transparent. Transmigrate, v. n. \. Migrate. 2. Transanimate. Transmigration, «. I. Migration. 2. Metempsychosis, transanimation. Transmission, «. Transferrence, transmittal, transmittance. Transmit, v. a. I. Send, remit, forward, send on, send forward. 2. Transfer, convey, carry, bear, hand over. Transmittal, n. Transmission, transferrence, transmittance. Transmittance, «. Transmittal, transmission. TransmittiWe, a. Transmissible. TransmutaWe, a. Changeable. Transmutation, «. I. Transformation, metamor- phosis, transfiguration. 2. (Geom.) Change, reduction, conversion. Transmute, v. a. Change {from one form or na- ture into another), transform. Transom, «. Transsummer. Transparence, ) «. Clearness, lucidity, limpid- Transparency, ) ness, translucency. Transparent, a. l. Clear, lucid, bright, limpid, crystalline, transpicuous, translucent, that may be seen through. 2. Open, porous, transpicuous. 3. Clear, lucid, open, perspicuous, transpicu- ous. Transpierce, v. a. Transfix, penetrate, perforate, pierce through. Transpire, v. n. I. Evaporate {through the pores), exhale, pass off in vapor. 2. Become known, be disclosed, come to light. come out, be made public, get abroad, leak out, appear. Transplant, v. a. I. Plant in a new place. 2. Remove, transfer, transpose, transport, carry. Transplendency, «. Resplendence, radiance, brilliancy, splendor. Transplendent, a. Transcendently splendid, ra- diant, brilliant, glittering, scintillant, resplen- dent. Transport, v. a. I. Carry {from one place to another), convey, bear, fetch, remove, transfer. 2. Banish {to a penal colony), cslXxy into ban- ishment. 3. Enrapture, ravish, enravish, entrance, be- atify, put into ecstasy, make very happy, de- light. 4. Carry away {by excitement of any kind ). Transport, «. I. Conveyance, transportation, carriage, transporting. 2. Transport-ship, transport- vessel. 3. Convict {sentenced to banishment), felon. 4. Rapture, ravishment, beatitude, ecstasy, beatification, bliss, happiness, felicity. 5. Warmth, vehemence, violent manifestation, passion. 6. Convict sentenced to exile. Transportation, «. I. Transporting, conveyance, carriage, transmission, removal. 2. Banishment, forced exile. Transporting, a. Passionate, ecstatic, ravishing. Transport-ship, «. See Transport, «., 2. Transport-vessel, «. Transport, transport-ship. Transposal, «. Transposition. Transpose, v. a. Change the order of {by putting one in place of the other, or substituting otie for the other). Transposition, n. Transposal. Transubstantiation, «. Change of substance, transformation. Transudation, n. I. Exudation, perspiration, sweating, excretion, secretion. 2. Exosmose, exosmosis. Transude, v. n. Exude, ooze, filter, percolate, strain, pass by pores. Transverse, a. Cross. Transversely, ad. Crosswise, in a cross direc- tion. Trap, «• I. Snare, gin, pitfall, springe, toil. 2. Ambush, stratagem, artifice, pitfall, trapan, toil, wile. 3. Trap-ball. 4. Trap-rock. Trap, V. a. I. Ensnare, entrap, springe, noose. 2. Trapan, ensnare, take by stratagem. Trapan, v. a. Ensnare, trap, entrap, trepan. Trapan, «. I. Snare, trap, stratagem. 2. Stratagem. Trapanner, «. Ensnarer, decoy- man. Trappings, «. pi. I. Dress, ornaments, embel- lishments, decorations, frippery, paraphernalia, rigging, gear, livery, adornments. 2. Equipments, accoutrements, caparisons, gear. Traps, n.pl. {Colloq.) Goods, things, stuff, lug- gage, effects, small zrX\c\es {of household use). Trap-tufa, ) «. ( Geol.) Volcanic tuff, volcanic Trap-tuff, ) grit. Trash, «. Dross, refuse, rubbish, trumpery, waste matter, worthless stuff. Trashy, a. Worthless, trifling, trumpery, flimsy, poor, useless. Traumatic, a. Vulnerary, good for wounds. Travail, v. n. I. Labor with pain, toil. 2. Labor {in childbirth), be in labor, be in travail. Travail, «. I. Labor with pain, severe toil. TRAVE 448 TRENCHER 2. Childbirth, parturition, labor, delivery, bringing forth. Trave, «. I. Beam, traverse, lay of joists. 2. Travis. Travel, v. n. I. Walk, go on foot. 2. Journey, ramble, rove, roam, take a jour- ney, take a trip, make a tour, make an excursion. 3. Pass, go, move, make progress. Travel, v. a. Pass, go over, journey over. Travel, «. I. Journeying, travelling. 2. Journey, tour, excursion, triiJ, expedition. Traveller, «. Wayfarer, voyager, itinerant, tour- ist, passenger, pilgrim. Travelling, n. Journeying, travel, wandering, peregrination. Travels, «. pi. Book of travels. Traverse, ad. Athwart, crosswise, cross. Traverse, a. Lying across, cross. Traverse, v. a. I. Cross, lay athwart, thwart. 2. Thwart, obstruct, cross in opposition, coun- teract, frustrate, defeat, contravene. 3. Pass, travel over, wander over, cross in travelling, go across, pass through. 4. Pass over and view, survey carefully, ex- amine thoroughly. 5. {Law) Deny, plead "not guilty" to. Traverse jury. Petit jury. Travestied, rt. I. Disguised. 2. Parodied, burlesqued. Travesty, v. a. Parody, imitate, take oflE, turn into burlesque. Travesty, «. Parody, burlesque, caricature. Trawl-net, «. [Written also Traul-net.\ Drag- net, trail-net, trawl. Tray, «• I. Small trough, wooden vessel. 2. Waiter, salver. Treacherous, a. Traitorous, perfidious, faithless, unfaithful, false, deceitful, insidious, disloyal, re- creant, treasonable, betraying, untrustworthy. Treachery, «. Perfidiousness, perfidy, faithless- ness, double-dealing, foul play, mfidelity, betray- al, treason, disloyalty, breach of faith, Punic faith, insidiousness. deceitfulness. Treacle, «. I. {Med.) Theriaca. 2. Syrup, sugar-house molasses. 3. Molasses. Tread, v. «. I. Set the foot. 2. Walk, go. Tread, v. a. I. Set the foot on, walk on, step on. 2. Stamp upon, press down with the foot, beat with the foot. 3. Crush under foot, trample. 4. Subdue, subject. 5. Cover {as a male bird the female), copu- late with. Tread, « I. Step, stepping, 2. Gait, manner of stepping. Tread in the steps of. Imitate, take pattern by, follow the example of. Tread out. Press out, press out with the feet. Tread the stage. Act as a stage-player, perform a part in a drama, tread the boards. Tread upon. I. Trample, tread under foot, tread on. 2. Follow closely. Tread upon the heels of. Follow close upon. Treason, «. Treachery (to a sovereign or a Gov- ernmetU), disloyalty,'breach of allegiance, lese- majesty. Treasonable, a. Treacherous, traitorous, disloyal. Treasure, «. I. Money (hoarded up\ funds, cash, wealth, accumulated riches. 2. Stock, store, reserve, abundance. 3. Precious thing, thing of great value, jewel, valuable. Treasure, v. a. Hoard, store, garner, save, hus- band, lay in, lay by, lay up, treasure up, collect and reposit. Treasurer, «. Bursar, cash-keeper. Treasure-trove, «. Windfall, godsend, unex- pected good fortune. Treasure up. See Treasure. Treasury, «. Till, strong-box, money-box, money- bag. Treat, v. a. I. Use, behave to, behave toward, deal with, deal by. 2. Entertain, feast. 3. Handle, manage* 4. Discourse on, treat of, handle, discuss. Treat, v. «. I. Negotiate, bargain, come to terms, make terms. 2. Discourse. Treat, ». I. Entertainment, feast, banquet. 2. Pleasure, entertainment, luxury, delight, refreshment, enjoyment, gratification. Treatable, a. Tractable. Treatise, n. Disquisition, dissertation, tractate, formal essay, paper tract. Treatment, «. I. Usage. 2. Handling, management, manipulation. 3. Handling, management, method of treating. Treat of. Discuss, handle, discourse upon, descant upon, deal with. Treat with. Negotiate with, make and receive proposals. Treaty* «• I» Negotiation, act of treating. 2. Agreement (between ttatioTts), league, con- tract, compact, pact, convention, concordat, cov- enant, alliance. Treble, a. Triple, threefold. Treble, v. a. Triple, make threefold. Treble, v. n. Become threefold. Treble, n. {Mus.) Highest part {/or a woman's voice), soprano. Trebuchet, n. Tumbrel, castigatory, ducking- stool, cucking-stool, trebucket. Treenail, «. Trunnel. Tree-frog, «. Tree-toad {Hyla arborea). Tree-toad, «. Tree-frog (Hyla arborea). Tree-of-life, «. Arbor vita. Trefoil, «. I. Clover. 2. Nonesuch {Medicago lupulina). Trellis, «. Lattice, lattice-work, treillnge. Tremble, v. «. I. Quake, shake, shudder, shiver, quiver. 2. Shake, totter, oscillate, rock, quake. 3. Quaver, shake. Trembling, «. Shaking, quivering, tremor, trepi- dation, tremble. Trembling-poplar, n. Aspen-tree {Populus trem- ula). Tremendous, a. Terrible, dreadful, fearful, horri- ble, horrid, horrific, frightful, terrific, alarming, awful, appalling. Tremor, «. Trembling, shaking, quaking, quiver- ing, trepidation, agitation, tremulousness. Tremulous, a. Shaking, trembling, quivering, shivering. Tremulousness, «. See Tremor. Trench, v. a. I. Cut, carve. 2. Furrow, intrench. 3. Ditch, dig into ditches, channel. 4. Intrench, fortify with a ditch and parapet. Trench, v. n. Encroach, intrude, infringe, tres- pass, intrench. Trench, «. Ditch, fosse, moat, drain, sewer, water-course, pit, gutter, channel, trough. Trenchant, a. I. Cutting, sharp, keen. 2. Cutting, sharp, incisive, unsparing, severe, biting, sarcastic, pointed, acute, keen, caustic, piquant. Trencher, «. I. Platter {of wood), large plate. 2. Table, board. TRENCHER-FRIEND 444 TRIM 3. Food, pleasures of the table. Trencher-friend, «. Sponger, parasite, trencher- fly, trencher-mate. Trencher-man, «. Eater, feeder. Trend, v. n. Turn, run, stretch, tend, incline, sweep. Trend, «. Tendency {to a certain direction), in- clination, trending, direction. Trending, n. Irend. Trental, «. I. {Ecd.) Service of thirty masses. 2. Dirge, requiem, elegy. Trepan, v. a. I. Trephine. 2. Ensnare, trap, entrap, trapan. Trepan, «, See Trapan. Trepang, n. Sea-slug, sea-cucumber, btche-de- tner. Trephine, v. a. Trepan. Trepidation, «. I. Shaking, trembling, quaking, quivering, tremor, agitation, tremulousness. 2. State of terror, fear, agitation, excitement, dismay, perturbation, alarm, fright, terror, con- sternation. Treroninae, n. pi. {Omitk.) Tree-pigeons. Trespass, v. n. I. Encroach, infringe, intrude, make inroad or invasion, trench, enter unlaw- fully. 2. Transgress, offend, sin, commit an offence. Trespass, «. I. Injury, infringement, encroach- ment, invasion. 2. Transgression, crime, fault, sin, misdeed, misdemeanor, offence, delinquency, error, wrong- doing. Trespasser, «. I. Intruder, invader. 2. Offender, sinner, transgressor, misdoer, delinquent. Tress, «. Lock, curl, ringlet. Trestle, «. [Written also Tressei:] Frame ( /or supporting- a table, bridge, etc.). Trial, «. I. Testing, examination, experiment. 2. Experience, experimental knowledge. 3. Attempt, endeavor, effort, essay, exertion, struggle, aim. 4. Temptation, test of virtue. 5. Test, criterion, proof, touchstone, ordeal, assay. 6. Suffering, trouble, affliction, grief, sorrow, distress, tribulation, misery, woe, burden, pain, dolor, mortification, chagrin, heartache, unhap- piness, wretchedness, vexation, hardship. 7. Suit, case, cause, action. Triangle, n. Three-sided figure, trigon. Triangular, a. Trigonal, triquetral. Trihal, a. Tribual, tribular. Tribe, «. I. Family, race, clan, sept. 2. Nation of savages, nation of uncivilized people. 3. Class ( of Persons or things'), order, divis- ion, distinct portion. Tribnlation, «. Distress, suffering, trouble, afflic- tion, grief, sorrow, trial, misery, woe, wretched- ness, unhappiness, pain, vexation of spirit, adversity. Tribunal, »■ I. Bench, judgment-seat. 2. Court, judicatory, bar, court of justice. Tribunate, «. Tribuneship. Tributary, a. I. Paying tribute, subject to tribute. 2. Subject, subordinate, inferior. 3. Paid in tribute. 4. Contributing. Tribute, «. I. Tax, subsidy. 2. Tax. impost, duty, excise, custom, toll. 3. Grant, contribution, offering. Tribute of praise. Eulogy, eulogium, encomium, panegyric. Trica, «. {Bot.) Gvrome. Trlcapsular, a. {Bot.) Three-capsuled. Trice, «. Moment, instant, second, jiffy, flash, twinkling, twinkling of an eye. Trichocyst, «. {Zodl. ) Lasso-cell. TrichOptera, n. pi. {Ent.) Caddice-flies. Trichotomous, a. Three-forked. Trick, n. I. Artifice, stratagem, wile, cheat, dodge, doubling, fraud, chicane, blind, feint, manoeuvre, deceit, imposition, imposture, decep- tion, juggle, reach, shuffle, hocus-pocus, swindle, chouse, fetch, humbug, hoax, cog, gammon, cunning contrivance, sharp practice, ruse. 2. Sleight, juggle, antic, caper, gambol. 3. Mischievous behavior, annoymg conduct. 4. Habit, practice, peculiarity, particular manner. Trick, zf. /. I. Ornaments, trappings, dress, gear, trim. 2. Relish, garnish. Trinitarian, «. Tripersonalist. Trinity, «. I. Tri unity. 2. [With The prefixed.] The Holy Trinity, the Godhead, Triune God. Trinket, «. I. Toy, bawble, knick-knack, gewgaw, gimcrack, whim-wham, trifle, bagatelle. 2. {N'aut.) Top-sail, top-gallant sail. Trinkets, «. //. Jewels, jewelry, bijoutry, trifling ornaments. Trinkgeld, n. Drink-money, pour-boire. Trip, V. n. I. Skip, hop, step quickly, dance, foot it. 2. Stumble, lose footing, make a false step, make a false movement. 3. Fail, mistake, err, be at fault, come short, commit an offence, bungle, blunder. Trip, V. a. I. Supplant, throw off the balance, trip up. 2. Overthrow, cause to fail, supplant, upset. 3. Detect, catch, convict. Trip, n. I. Skip, hop, light step. 2. Stumble, false step, misstep, loss of balance. 3. Slip, lapse, failure, mistake, oversight, error, blunder, fault, miss, stumble. 4. Jaunt, excursion, tour, ramble, stroll, short journey- Tripe, «. I. Entrails, intestines. 2. (Litdicrous.) Human belly. Tripetalous, a. Three-petaled. Trip-hammer, «. Tilt-hammer, tilt. Triphane, n. {Min.) Spodumene. Triphthon?, «. Trigraph. TriphylloUS, a. Three-leaved. Triple, a. I. Threefold, triplicate. 2. Treble, three times repeated. Triple, v. a. Treble, make threefold. Triple-crown, «. Tiara. Triplicate, a. Threefold, treble. Tripllcity, «. Trebleness. Tripping, a. Quick, nimble, agile, nimble-footed. Tripsis, «. I. (yW^-rf.) Trituration, comminution, pulverization, levigation. 2. Shampooing. TriquetrotiS, a. (Bot.) Three-edged, trigonal. Tri3a?ion, «. Tersanctus. Trismus, n. [I,.] {Med.) Locked-jaw, lock-jaw, tetanus (of the j'aiv). Trite, a. Common, stale, threadbare, hackneyed, beaten, worn out, common-place, stereotyped. Triturate, v. a. I. Grind, bruise, rub, thrash, bray, pound, beat. 2. Levigate, comminute, grind to powder, pul- verize. Trituration, «. Pulverization, comminution, levi- gation. Triumph, n. I. Ovation, celebration, jubilee, jubilation, exultation, flourish of trumpets, ]oy- 2. Conquest, victory, success. Triumph, v. «. I. Exult, rejoice, hold a triumph, celebrate a victory. 2. Prevail, succeed, get the mastery, obtain a victory, meet with success. 3. Be prosperous, flourish, thrive, prosper. 4. Boast, crow, swagger, brag, vaunt, exult, boast insolently. Triumphal song. Paean, song of triumph. Triumphant, a. • I. Triumphing, rejoicing for victory, exultant, elated, jubilant. 2. Exultant, jubilant, exulting. 3. Victorious, successful, crowned with suc- cess, graced with conquest. Tritunph over. Subdue, conquer, vanquish, over* come, subjugate, overpower, beat, master, get the better of, obtain victory, prevail over. Triune, a. Trinal. Triunity, «. Trinity. Trivial, «. I. (.Rare.) Common, ordinary, vul- gar, common-place. 2. Trifling, petty, small, frivolous, slight, light, nugatory, paltry, unimportant, inconsiderable, insignificant, immaterial, of little value, of little conseouence. Triviality, n. I. Trivialness, unimportance, in- significance, indifference. 2. Trifle, small matter, bawble, nothing, bub- ble, thing of little value or consequence, thing of no moment, bagatelle. Trivialness, «. I. Commonness, triviality. 2« Lightness, unimportance. Troche, «. Lozenge. Trochee, «. Choree, foot of one long and one short syllable. Trochlear, a. Pulley-shaped. Troglodyte, «. Wretch, outcast, pilgarlic, panah, miserable fellowj castaway. Troll, V. a. [Written also Troul.) I. Roll, turn, turn round, drive about, move circularly. 2. Send about, circulate, pass round. 3. Sing loudly. 4. Angle with a trolling line. 5. Allure, entice, lure, draw on. 6. Fish in, seek to catch fish from. Troll, v.n. I. Roll. 2. Sing a catch or round. Troll, «. I. Catch, rouiid. 2. Dwarf, kobold, elf, gnome. Trollop, n. Slattern, slut Trona, « Sesqui-carbonate of soda {native). Troop, «. I. Throng, multitude, company, num- ber, crowd. 2. Band, company, squad, body, party. 3. Company ^ stage-players), troupe. Troop, V. n. I, Throng, gather in crowds, collect in numbers, muster, flock, crowd. 2. March in a company. 3. March in haste. Troop-hird, n. Troopial. Trooper, n. Horse-soldier, horseman, hussar, dragoon. Troops, n. pi. I. Throngs, gangs. 2. Army, soldiers, forces, legions, armed force, military force, body of troops. Trope, n. Figure of speech. Trophy, ». Memorial of conquest, evidence of victory. Tropical, a. I. Of the tropics. 2. Figurative, metaphorical. Troth, n. I. Truth, verity, veracity, sincerity, honesty, candor. 2. Fidelity, faith, belief, allegiance, word. Trot out. I. Lead out, bring out. TROTTERS 446 TRUNDLE-BED 2. Bring forward, exhibit, lead out, produce, display. Trotters, «. pi. Feet {of animals). Trottoir, n. [Fr.] Sidewalk, foot-pavement, foot- way. Trouble, v. a. I. Agitate, disturb, derange, dis- order, put out of order, disarrange, put in com- motion, confuse. 2. Afflict, distress, grieve, annoy, vex, fret, plague, torment, harass, worry, pester, badger, disquiet, concern, make anxious, make uneasy, disturb, perplex, grieve, molest, perturb. 3. Inconvenience, incommode, give occasion for labor to. Trouble, «. I. Affliction, distress, dolor, suffer- ing, calamity, grief, tribulation, adversity, misfor- tune,^rrow, woe, misery, pain. 2. Annoyance, perplexity, vexation, embarrass- ment, plague, torment, irritation, worry, care, anxiety, inconvenience. 3. Perplexity, embarrassment, bewilderment, disquietude, uneasiness. 4. Matter, cause of distress. Troublesome, a. I. Vexatious, annoying, per- plexing, harassing, galling, painful. 2. Burdensome, wearisome, tiresome, irksome. 3. Importunate, teasing, intrusive. 4. Hard, difficult, trying, arduous. Troublous, a. I. Tumultuous, agitated, dis- turbed, turbulent, perturbed, disquieted. 2. Full of trouble, tumultuous, full of afflic- tion, troublesome. Trough, n. I. Long tray. 2. Wooden channel. 3. Channel, depression, furrow, hollow. Trousers, «. //. [Written also Trowsers.'\ Pan- taloons. Trousseau, «. [Fr.] Outfit (L Blacksmith's tongs. Tufa, n. Tuff, volcanic tufa. Tuff, «. I. Tufa. 2. Tufo. TuffOOn, n. Typhoon. Tuft, n. I. Knot, bunch. 2. Cluster, group, clump. 3. Crest, plume. 4. (Bot.) Capitulum. Tuft-hunter, «. Hanger-on (to noblemen and persons of quality), sycophant, parasite, flatterer, lick-spittle, fawner, spaniel, toad-eater. Tug, V. a. Pull (with great effort), draw, haul, drag. Tug, v.n. I. Pull hard, pull with great effort 2. Labor, struggle, strive. Tug, n. I. Hard pull, great effort. 2. Tow- boat. 3. Trace, drawing-strap. Tug of war. Battle, death-struggle, struggle for life or death. Tuition, «. Instruction, teaching, education, train- ing, schooling. Tulip-tree, «. White-wood {Liliodendron tulip, ifera). Tullian, a Ciceronian. Tumble, V. n. I. Roll, toss, heave, pitch about. 2. Fall, be precipitated, fall over, roll down, fall suddenly, topple. 3. Play mountebank tricks. Tumble, V. a. I. Precipitate, throw headlong. 2. Turn over, throw about. 3. Disturb, derange, rumple, put in dborder, disorder, disarrange. TUMBLE 448 TURN TtiinWe, n. Fall. Tumble-down, a. Tottering, ready to fall, dilapi- dated. Tumbler, «. I. Acrobat, juggler, posture-master. 2. Glass. Tumbling-bay, «. Overfall, weir. Ttunbrel, «. I. Dung-cart, muck-cart, rough cart. 2. Trebuchet, castigatory, ducking-stool, cuck- ing-stool. Tumefaction, «. Tumor, swelling, intumescence. Tumefy, v. a. Swell, inflate, distend, puff up, enlarge. Tumefy, v. «. Swell, puff up. Tumid, a. I. Swollen, swelled, enlarged, dis- tended, puffed up, turgid. 2. Protuberant, swelling. 3. Bombastic, turgid, swelling, pompous, in- flated, stilted, grandiloquent, declamatory, rhetor- ical, high-flown, puffy, falsely sublime, grandiose, fustian, turgent. Tumidity, n. Tumidness, turgidity. Tumor, «. Swelling, tumefaction. Tump, «. Hillock, knoll, hummock. Tumult, «. I. Uproar, affray, fray, brawl, feud, row, altercation, squabble, turbulence, bluster, hubbub, fracas, quarrel, outbreak, strife, general riot, mUee. 2. Violent commotion, turbulence, noisy agr- tation, confusion. 3. Commotion, disturbance, stir, agitation, breeze, confusion, turmoil, ferment, huddle, pother, ado, bustle, flurry, noise, fuss, confused noise, hurly-burly, bluster, hubbub, racket, noisy commotion, disorder, to-do (colloq.). A. Ferment, state of high excitement, agitation, perturbation. Tumultuary, a. I. Disorderly, confused, tumul- tuous, riotous, promiscuous. 2. Restless, agitated, unquiet, stormy. Tumultuous, a. I. Uproarious, riotous, turbu- lent, tumultuary, violent, lawless, seditious, wild. 2. Disturbed, agitated, restless, uneasy, un- quiet. 3. Irregular, obstreperous, confused, disorder- ly, noisy, boisterous. 4. Full of tumult, disorderly, wild. Tumulus, n. Barrow, artificial mound, artificial hillock. Tun, n. I. Large cask, hogshead. 2. Two pipes, four hogsheads, 252 gallons. 3. Large quantity. Tun, V. a. Barrel, cask. Tunable, a. I. That may be tuned. 2. Harmonious, musical, tuneful, melodious, sweet. Tun-bellied, a. Abdominous, big-bellied, pot- bellied, great-bellied, large-bellied, swag-bellied. Tune, n. I. Air, melody, strain. 2. Concord, harmony, harmonious accordance, agreement, concert of parts. 3. Order, harmony, concord, fit disposition, proper mood. Tune, V. a. I. Harmonize, accord, modulate, at- tune, put in tune. 2. Put into order, put into a proper state. 3. Attune, adapt. 4. Sing. 5. Play harmoniously. Tuneful, a. Musical, harmonious, melodious, dulcet. Tungsten, «. I. Wolframium. 2. (Min.) Tungstate of lime, scheelite. Tunhoof, «. (Bot.) Ground-ivy, alehoof, gill. Tunnel, n. I. Funnel. 2. Subterranean passage, underground thor- oughfare. Tunnel-Sbaped, a. {Bot.) Infundibular, infundi- buliform. Tupelo, «. Pepperidge, sour gum-tree {Nyssa multifiora). Turbid, a. Roiled, roily, unsettled, feculent, mud- dy, thick, cloudy, foul. Turbinate, I ^ rp„„ .i,,„..j Turbinated, ) "' Top-shaped. Turbulence, «. I. Tumult, uproar, disturbance, turmoil, commotion, disorder, confusion, agita- tion, tumultuousness, unruliness. 2. Riot, sedition, mutiny, insurrection, rebel- lion, insubordination. Turbulent, a. I. Disturbed, agitated, tumultu- ous, wild. 2. Tumultuous, disorderly, blustering, obstrep-. erous, boisterous, uproarious, blatant, brawling, vociferous. 3. Riotous, seditious, mutinous, insubordinate, refractory, insurgent, rebellious, revolutionary, factious, disorderly, wild, violent. 4. Producing commotion. Turdidae, «. //. Thrushes. Tureen, n. Soup-dish, terreen. Turf, n. I. Sod, sward, greensward. 2. Peat. 3. Race-course, race-ground. 4. Horse-racing. Turf-like, a. Turfy, cespitose. Turfy, a. Cespitose, turf-like. Turgent, a. I. Swelling, tumid, protuberant. 2. Inflated, tumid, bombastic, turgescent. Turgescence, «. I. Swelling, tumefaction, dis- tention. 2. See TuRGiDiTV. Turgid, a. I. Swelled, swollen, bloated, distended, puffed up. 2. Pompous, bombastic, tumid, puffy, inflated, stilted, grandiloquent, declamatory, rhetorical, ostentatious, turgent, grandiose, fustian, high- flown. Turgidity, «. I. Swelling, distention, turges- cence, turgidness; 2. Bombast, inflation, turgidness, grandilo- quence, pompous style. Turgidness, «. See Turgidity. Turk, «. Ottoman, Mahometan. Turkey-cock, n. Gobbler {collog.). Turkey-Stone, «. Novaculite, Turkey oil-stone, oil-stone, whetstone, hone. Turkish, a. Ottoman, of the Turks. Turkish bath. Sudatory, sweating-bath, vapor bath. Turkishness, «. Turcism. TurkO, n. Zouave. Turkois, «• Turcois, turquoise. Turk's-cap, «. Melon-thistle, turk's-head {Melo- cactus communis). Turl-pin, n. Beghard, Picard, Lollard. Turmaline, «. Tourmaline. Turmeric paper. Curcuma paper. Turmoil, «. Tumult, agitation, disturbance, dis- order, turbulence, confusion, commotion, uproar, bustle, huddle, hurly-burly, trouble, harassing labor. Turn, V. a. I. Revolve, move round, turn round, make go round. 2. Cause to deviate, cast, deflect, inflect, bend, incline differently, change the direction of. 3. Divert, transfer, use, employ. 4. Reverse the position of, turn over. 5. Shape {as in a lathe).) form, mould, fashion. 6. Adapt, fit, suit. 7. Change, alter, transmute, metamorphose, transform, convert. 8. Change opinion, alter belief^ TURN 449 TUT 9. Translate, construe, render. 10. Direct, apply. 11. Direct the look to, change position. 12. Transfer. 13. Revolve, agitate. 14. Reverse, repeal. 15. Acidify, make sour, make acid. Turn, V. n. I. Revolve, whirl, turn round, have a circular motion, wheel round. 2. Be directed, have direction. 3. Deviate, incline, bend, be deflected. 4. Be changed, be transformed, be converted, be altered, become transmuted. 5. Grow, become. 6. Become sour, become acid. 7. Depend, hinge, pivot, hang, be dependent. 8. Result, terminate, come about, eventuate, issue. 9. Become giddy, grow dizzy. Tnni» «. I. Revolution, movement about a cen- tre, act of turning, rotation, gyration, round. 2. Change of direction, alteration of course, new tendency, deviation, deflection, flexion, flex- ure, bend, bending, sweep, winding, twist, turn- ing- . . 3. Change, alteration, vicissitude, variation. 4. Winding, bend, brief walk, short excur- sion. ^ 5. Successive course, due chance, appropriate time. 6. Opportune deed, occasional kindness, act, action, deed, office. 7. Convenience, occasion, purpose, exigence. 8. Form, cast, shape, manner, fashion, phase, guise. 9. Form of expression, mode of signifying. 10. Aptitude, talent, bias, proclivity, gift, gen- ius, propensity, proneness. Tom about. Move the face to another quarter. Turn a comer. Go round a corner. Turn a deaf ear to. Disregard, decline to hear, take no notice of, pay no attention to, pay no re- gard to. Turn adrift. Turn away, cast off, turn out, eject, discard, get rid of. Turn aside. Avert, turn away, turn oflF. Turn away. {Active.) I. Avert, turn aside. 2. T)\%m\%% {front service), discard, cashier, turn off. Turn away. {Neuter.) I. Deviate, forsake. 2. Go, depart, remove. Turn back. Turn round, go back, return. Turncoat, n. Apostate, renegade, backslider, de- serter. Turn down. Fold down, double down. Tumep, n. Turnip. Turner, «. Gymnast. Turn in. {Active) Fold in, double in. Turn in. {Neuter.) I. Bend inward. 2. Enter, go in. 3. {Colloq.) Retire, go to bed. Turning, «. I. Winding, bending course, flex- ure, meander. 2. Deviation from the way. 3. Turnery. Turning-point, «. Crisis, decisive moment. Turn in the mind. Revolve, ponder, meditate upon. Turn off. {Active'.) I. Dismiss, discard, turn away. 2. Deflect, divert. 3. Accomplish, perform, execute, do. 4. Give over, resign. Turn off. {Neuter.) Be diverted, deviate from a course. Tom on. I. Reply, retort. 2. Depend on. Turn one's brain. Make insane, make lunatic. Turn one's coat. Change sides, go to the oppo- site party. Turn one's money. ) Exchange in the course of Turn one's goods. > trade, keep in circulation, Turn a penny. ) gain or increase in trade. Turn one's stomach. Nauseate, sicken. Turn on one's heel. Turn away from, leave, part company. Turn out. {Active.) I. Expel, drive out, turn adrift. 2. Put to pasture, put out to pasture. 3. Produce, furnish, manufacture, make, ac- complish, do. Turn out. {Neuter.) I. Bend outward, project. 2. Issue, result, prove, eventuate. 3. Get up, rise from bed. Turn-out, «. I. Strike. 2. Siding, short side-track {on a railway), shunt. 3. Equipage. Turn-over, «. I. Overtuni, act of upsetting. 2. Semicircular pie. Turnover. {Active.) I. Turn, reverse the po- sition of, roll over. 2. Transfer, hand over. 3. Open and examine pa|je by page. 4. Overset, overturn. Turn over. {Neuter.) Roll over, tumble, turn from side to side. Turn-plate, «. Tum-table. Turn round. Revolve, whirl, turn. Turn-screw, «. Screw-driver. Turnsole, «. I. Heliotrope. 2. Litmus. Turn-table, n. Tum-plate. Turn tail. {Colloq.) Flee, run away, make off, cut and run, retreat ignominiously. Turn the back. Flee, retreat. Turn the back upon. Leave with contempt, re- fuse unceremoniously. iSSttldic;.! Chang, f„«„„.. Turn the edge of. Make dull, make blunt, de- prive of sharpness. Turn the head. Infatuate, make giddy, make in- sane, make wild, overthrow the judgment of. Turn the scale. Change the preponderance, give success, give superiority. Turn the tables. Reverse positions, reverse cir- cumstances. Turn to. Have recourse to, refer to. Turn to account. Utilize, take advantage of, make use of. Turn to profit. ) Make profitable, make ad- Tum to advantage. ) vantageous. Turn topsy-turvy. Upset, disorder, confuse. Turn under. Bend downward. Turn up. I. Bend upward 2. Occur, happen, come to pass. 3. Come to light, transpire. Turn upon. Retort, throw back. Ttirpitude, «. Baseness, depravity, wickedness, vileness. Turquoise, ». [Written also Turcois TXiA. Turkois.] Calaite. Turret, «. Minaret, pinnacle, small tower. Turtle, n. I. Turtle-dove, turtle-pigeon. 2. .Sea-tortoise, marine tortoise. Turtle-dove, «. Turtle ( Columba turtur\ Tuitle-Shell, «. Tortoise-shell. Tush, interj. Pshaw. Tush, «. See Tt;sK. Tusk, «. Tush, fang, pointed tooth. Tussle, n. Scuffle, struggle, conflict. Tussle, V. n. Scuffle, struggle, contend, wrestle. Tut, interj. Stop, be still, hush. TUTELAGE 450 TYPOGRAPHY Tutelage, «. Protection, guardianship, tutorship. TutelMy, 1 **■ P'^o^ec^^"e« guardian, guarding. Tutelary saint. Patron, good genius, guardian. Tutor, «. I. (Law.) Guardian. 2. Teacher, instructor, master, preceptor, school-master. Tutor, V. a. I. Teach, instruct. 2. DiscipHne, train, bring under control, treat with authority. Tutoress, «. Instructress, governante, governess. TutorsMp, n. See Iutelage. Twaddle, «. Prate, prattle, chatter, tattle, twat- tle, gabble, gossip, balderdash, moonshine, non- sense, jargon, flummery, rigmarole, stuff, plati- tude, wish-wash, senseless talk, idle talk, frothy discourse, twaddling, twaddy. Twaddle, v. «. Prate, prattle, maunder, twattle, gabble, chatter. Twain, «. \_Nenrly obsolete.'} Two. Twang, «. I. Nasal tone. 2. Harsh, quick sound ; vibrating sound. Twang, V. a. Twank, twangle. Twattle, n. See Twaddle. Tweak, V. a. Twitch, twinge, pinch, pull rudely. Tweedle, v. a. Allure {by some slight influence as by fiddling), coax, entice, drib, decoy, toll, troll, lure, lead, draw over, bring over, prevail upon- Tweezers, «. //. Nippers, pincers. Twelfth-day, «. Twelfth-tide, Epiphany, Janu- ary 6. Twelve, a. Dozen. Twelvemonth., n. Year. Twelve-pence, «. Shilling sterling. Twice, ad. Two times. Twid(Ue, V. a. Play with, touch lightly, tweedle, twirl with the fingers. Twi?, n. Shoot, si^rig, spray, branch. Twilight, n. I. Crepuscular light. 2. Dim light, faint light. Twilight, a. Obscure, dim, shaded Twilly, n. Willowing-machine, twilly-devil, willy, willying-machine. Twin, a. {Bot.) Doubled, geminate, in pairs. Twine, v. a. I. Twist together. 2. Encircle, surround, embrace, entwine, wind about, wind around, wreathe. Twine, v. n. I. Unite closely. 2. Wind, bend, make turns, meander. 3. Twist, ascend in spiral lines. Twine, n. I. Twist, convolution. 2. Winding, twining, embrace. 3. Cord, string, small cordage. Twinge, v. a. Tweak, twitch, pinch, pull rudely. Twinge, «. I. Pinch, tweak, twitch. 2. Gripe, pang, sharp pain. Twinkle, v. n. I. Blink, wink. 2. Sparkle, flash. Twinkle, « I. Wink. 2. See Twinkling. Twinkling, «. I. Flashing, sparkling, twinkle. 2. Instant, moment, second, jiffy, trice, flash, twinkling of an eye, time of a wmk. Twinkling of an eye. See Twinkling. Twin-leaf, «. Rheumatism-root {Jeffersonia diphylla). Twinling, «. Twin lamb. Twinned, a. I. Twin, born at the same birth. 2. Paired. Twins, «. pi. {Astron.) [With The prefixed.] Gemini. Twirl, V. a. Whirl, revolve, turn rapidly, turn round. Twirl, n. I. Whirling, circular motion, quick rotation. 2. Convolution, twist. Twist, V. a. I. Twine, twist together. 2. Writhe, contort, complicate, convolve, crook spirally. 3. Wind, wreathe, encircle. 4. Form, weave, make up. 5. \.Usedreflextvely.] Wind in, insinuate. Twist, n. Convolution, writhing, contortion, winding, flexure, kink, bending, bight, coil. Twit, V. a. Reproach, blame, upbraid, taunt, fling at. Twitch, V. a. Pull suddenly, snatch, jerk, yerk, pluck. Twitch, «. I. Jerk, quick pull. 2. Spasm, twitching, sudden contraction {as o/ the muscles). Twitch-grass, «, Couch-grass, dog's-grass, dog- wheat, wheat-grass, quitch-grass, knot-grass ( Triticum. repens). Twitching, n. Spasm, twitch. Twite, «. Tree-sparrow {Fringilla montana). Twitter, v. n. I. Chirp, chirrup. 2. Flutter, be agitated, be flurried, be excited. _3. Titter, giggle. Twitter, «. I. Twittering, chirping, chirp, chir- ruping. 2. Trembling, agitation, tremor, flutter. 3. Titter, giggle, half-suppressed laugh. Twit with. Reproach for, cast in the teeth, fling at. Two, «. I. Sum of two units. 2. Pair, couple, brace. Two-capsuled, a. {Bot.) Bicapsular. Two-cleft, a. {Bot.) Bifid. Twofold, a. Double, duplicate. Two-forked, a. Dichotomous. Two-lipped, a. {Bot.) Bilabiate. Two-parted, a. Bipartite. Two-ply, a. Double. Two-ranked, a. {Bot.) Distichous. Two-seeded, a. {Bot.) Dispermous, Two-tongued, a. Double-tongued, deceitful. Two-valved, a. Bivalve, bi valvular. Tycoon, «. Emperor of Japan. T5^e, V. a. See Tie. Tye, «. See Tie. Tyke, «. [Written also Ttke.1 I. Dog, cur, puppy. 2. Contemptible fellow, cur, puppy. T3mipan, «. {Arch.) Panel, tympanum. Tympanites, «. {Med.) See Tympany. Tympanum, «. Drum {o/the ear). Tympany, «. I. {Med.) Tympanites, drum- belly, wind-dropsy. 2. Inflation, conceit, bombast, tumidity, tur- gidness. Tyny, a. See Tiny. Typal, a. Typical. TyVQt «• !• Stamp, impressed sign, emblem, mark. 2. Emblem, symbol, sign, token, shadow, image, representation, adumbration. 3. Original, model, pattern, prototype, arche- type, exemplar, protoplast. 4. Stamp, form, kind, sort. 5. Printing character. 6. Representative, aggregate of characteristic qualities. Typhoid, alled, a. Undismayed, unawed, undaunted, unscared, fearless, intrepid, daring, bold, unflinch- ing, resolute. Unappeasable, a. I. Insatiable, insatiate, that cannot be appeased, inextinguishable. 2. Irreconcilable, implacable. Unappreciated, a. Unvalued, unprized. Unapprised, a. Uninformed, ignorant, unac- quainted, unaware. Unapproachable, a. Inaccessible. Unapt, a. I. Inappropriate, unsuitable, unfit, inapposite, inapplicable, irrelevant. 2. Unqualified, incompetent, inapt, ill-quali- fied, dull, unskilful. Unarmed, a. Defenceless, naked, unprotected, unguarded. Unassailable, a. Impregnable, inexpugnable, se- cure from assault, not to be taken by assault or by storm, tenable against all odds, unassaultable. Unassisted, a. See Unaided. Unassorted, a. Promiscuous, confused, mingled, mixed, indiscriminate, miscellaneous. Unassuming:, a. Modest, humble, unpretending, unpretentious, unobtrusive, unostentatious. Unatonable, a. Inexpiable, unpardonable, in- excusable, irremissible, that admits of no satis- faction. Unattainable, a. Unobtainable, out of reach, in- accessible. Unattempted, a. Untried, unproved. Unattended, a. Unaccompanied, alone. Unattended to. Neglected, unheeded, unre- garded. Unattractive, a. Unalluring, uninviting, undesir- able, uninteresting, without charm. Unauthentic, a. Spurious, counterfeit, suppositi- tious, false, sham, pretended, feigned, fictitious, make-believe, uncanonical. Unauthorized, a. Unwarranted, unjustified, un- due, unlicensed, unlawful, lawless. Unavailing:, a. Ineffectual, fruitless, useless, boot- less, abortive, vain, futile, inept, nugatory, to no purpose, inutile, of no avail, thrown away, un- successful. Una voce. [L ] Unanimously, with one voice, without dissent. Unavoidable, a. Inevitable, necessary, that must be suffered. Unavowed, a. Unacknowledged. Unaware, a. Inattentive, heediess, unconscious, ignorant, insensible. Unawares, ad. Unexpectedly, suddenly, abrupt- Iv, without warning. Unbalanced, a. I. Not poised, not balanced. 2. Unadjusted (ajacrowwjfj), unsettled. 3. Unsteady, unsound, not sane. TTnbar, v. a. Unfasten, open, unclose, unbolt. Unbearable, a. intolerable, insufferable, unen- durable, insupportable, that cannot be borne or endured. Unbecoming, a. Indecorous, unsuitable, improp- er, indecent, unseemly, inappropriate, unfit, un- befitting. UnbegOtten, a. Eternal, self-existent. Unbelief, «. I. incredulity, distrust, want of belief, doubt. 2. Scepticism, infidelity, disbelief, free-think- ing, refusal to believe. Unbeliever, «. I. Doubter, incredulous person. 2. Sceptic, infidel, disbeliever, deist, free- thinker. Unbend, ». a. I. Straighten, make straight. 2. Relax, slacken, remit, recreate, take recre- ation, be diverted, be amused. 3. {Naut.) Unfasten, untie. 4. {Naut.) Cast loose, untie. Unbending, a. I. Inflexible, unyielding, stiff, rigid, unpliant. 2. Unyielding, resolute, rigid, inflexible, firm, obstinate, stubborn. Unbenign,^ a. Malien, malignant. Unbeseeming, a. Unbecoming. Unbiassed, a. Unprejudiced, impartial, disinter- ested, neutral, indiflferent, unwarped. Unbidden, a. I. Unordered, uncommanded. 2. Spontaneous. 3. Uninvited, unasked, unsolicited, unsought. Unbind, v. a. I, Untie, unloose, loose, unfasten, undo. 2. Unchain, set free, set at liberty, unfetter, release, unshackle. Unblamable, a. Blameless, inculpable, irreprov- able, irreprehensible, faultless, unexceptionable, irreproachable, guiltless, innocent. Unblemished, a. Pure, spotless, stainless, sin- less, guileless, innocent, faultless, impeccable, unspotted, immaculate, unsullied, undefiled, un- tarnished, without a stain. Unblessed, a. Unhappy, wretched, accursed. Unblushing, a. Bold-faced, impudent, shameless, brazen-faced, brazen-browed. Unbolt, V. a. Unbar, undo, unfasten, unlock. Unborn, rep. I. Beneath, below. 2. Subordinat* to, subject to, in subordination to. 3. In a less degree than. 4. For that which is less than. 5. Below, less than, with less than. 6. By means of. 7. Inferior to, in a state of inferiority to. 8. While burdened with, under the load of. 9. When exposed to, while suffering. 10. In a state of being liable to, subject to. 11. In, in the state or condition of 12. Attested by, authorized by, signed by. 13. Subjected to, being the subject of. 14. Not having reached or arrived at. 15. Bearing, represented by. Under, a. Lower in rank or degree, subject, sub- ordinate, inferior. Under, ad. In subjection. Under age. In one's minority. Under arms. Armed for fighting, ready for battle. Under bare poles. {Naut.) With no sails set. Underbred, a. Unmannerly, uncivil. Underbrush, «. Undergrowth, underwood. Underdone, a. Rare, done or cooked rare, mod- erately cooked. Underestimate, v. a. Undervalue, underrate, misprize, rate below the true value, rate too low. Under fire. Exposed to fire ( of shot by an enemy ). Underfoot, a. Under the feet. Undergo, v. a. Bear, suffer, endure, sustain, ex- Eerience, pass through, go through, meet with, e exposed to, be subjected to. Under ground. Below the surface of the ground. Underground, a. Subterranean, subterraneous. Undergrowth, n. Underbrush, underwood. Underhand, ad. I. Secretly, privately, clandes- tinely, underhandedly, in a clandestine manner, by secret means. UNDERHAND 455 UNDO ^ 2. Fraudulently, by fraudulent means, surrep- titiously, unfairly. UnderlUUldf a. Secret, sly, clandestine, disingenu- ous, unfair, fraudulent, underhanded, surrepti- tious. Underhanded, a. See Underhand, a. Underhandedly, ad. See Underhand, ad. Underived, a. I. Original, primeval, aboriginal, primary, first. 2. Radical, primitive. UnderjaWf «• Lower jaw. Underlease, «. {Law.) Sublease. Underlet, v. a. Sublet, let or lease at second hand. Underlie, v, a. I. Lie under, rest beneath, be situated under. 2. Support, be at the basis of. Underline, v. a. Underscore, draw a line under. Underling:, «• Understrapper, fag, servant, infe- rior agent, subordinate. Undermine, v. a. i. Sap, mine. 2. Ruin secretly, sap the foundations of. Undermost, a. Lowest. Underneath, prep. Under, beneath, below. Underneath, ad. Below, under, beneath. Under one's own hand. \ Having the name, Under one's signature. I sign, or mark writ- ten, attested by, signed by. Underplot, n. I. Subordmate plot. 2. Secret plot, clandestine scheme. Underprop, v. a. Support, uphold, sustain. Underrate, v. a. Undervalue, misprize, underes- timate, rate below the true value, rate too low, underprize. Under sail. {N'aut.) Moved by sails, in motion. Underscore, v. a. Underline, draw a line under. Undersell, v. a. Sell cheaper than. Under sentence. Having sentence pronounced against. Undersign, v. a. Subscribe, underwrite. Undersized, a. Small, dwarfish, little, stunted. Undersoil, n. Subsoil. Understand, v. a. I. Apprehend, conceive, per- ceive, know, penetrate, discern, see, comprehend, have knowledge of, see through, make out. 2. Be informed, be apprised, learn. 3. Interpret, take, suppose to mean. 4. Mean, imply. Understand, v. n. I. Be an intelligent being, have understanding. 2. Learn, hear, be apprised, be informed. Understanding, «. I. Intellect, mind, reason, sense, brains, thinking principle, reasoning fac- ulty, rational faculty, discursive faculty, intellec- tual powers, intellectual faculties. 2. Intelligence, apprehension, comprehension, perception, knowledge, discernment, judgment, notion, idea. 3. Agreement, accord, unanimity. Understandingly, ad. Intelligibly, intelligently, with full knowledge, with the eyes open. Understate, v. a. State too low. Understrapper, «. Underling, fag, servant, in- ferior agent. Undertake, v. a. Attempt, set about, engage in, embark in, enter upon, take in hand, take upon one's self, take on one's shoulders. Undertake, v. «. Engage, agree, guarantee, stip- ulate, bargain, promise, be bound, be sworn, pledge one's self, pledge one's word, plight one's word, pass one's word, take upon one's self. Undertaking, «. Enterprise, engagement, at- tempt, adventure, endeavor, effort. Under the breath. Softly, in a low voice, sotto voce. Under the rose. Privatelv, secretly, snib rosa. Under the sun. In the world, on the earth. Under the weather. Ill, sick, unwell, indisposed, ailing, out of sorts, on the sick list, laid on the shell: Undervalue, v. a. I. Underrate, misprize, rate below the true value, rate too low. 2. Despise, depreciate, esteem lightly, hold in low estimation. Under water. Below the surface of the water. Under way. (Naut.) Having started in a condi- tion to make progress, moving. Underwitted, a. Sappy, silly, half-witted, foolish. Underwood, «. Underbrush, undergrowth, cop- pice. Underwrite, v. a. I. Subscribe, undersign. 2. Insure. Underwriter, n. Insurer. Undeserved, «. Unmerited, not deserved. Undesigned, a. Unintentional, unintended, un- premeditated. Undesigning, a. Sincere, upright, artless, sim- ple, straightforward, unsophisticated, ingenuous, guileless. Undesirable, a. I. Inexpedient, inadvisable. 2. Unwelcome, distasteful, objectionable, un- acceptable. Undetermined, a. I. Unsettled, undecided, un- certain. 2. Wavering, hesitating, irresolute. 3. Unbounded, undefined, unlimited, indeter- minate. Undeveloped, a. Latent, in embryo. Undeviating, «. I. Straight, straightforward, di- rect, unswerving. 2. Steady, regular, steadfast. Undigested, a. Crude, raw. Undignified, a. I, Unbecoming, unbefitting, un- seemly. 2. Without dignity. Undiminished, a. Unlessened, unimpaired, un- abated. Undimmed, a. Clear, bright. Undiscernible, a. Invisible, imperceptible, un- discoverable, indiscernible. Undiscerning, a. I. Blind, purblind. 2. Stupid, dull, unintelligent, unenlightened, unattentive, unheeding. Undisciplined, a. I. Untrained, unpractised, un- drilled, inexperienced, raw. 2. Untrained, untaught, unschooled, untu- tored, uninstructed. Undiscouraged, a. Undismayed, undispirited, iindishearteiied. Undiscoverable, a. I. Undiscernible, that can- not be discovered. 2. Inscrutable, unsearchable, hidden, unfath- omable, unknowable, occult, mysterious, past or above comprehension. Undisguised, a. Open, ingenuous, unreserved, plain, frank, sincere, honest, true. Undismayed, a. Undaunted, unawed, unappalled, fearless, bold, courageous, brave, intrepid. Undisputed, a. See Undoubted. Undissembling, a. Sincere, honest, ingenuous, artless, guileless, open, frank, canHid, hearty, straightforward, open-hearted, unaffected, ingen- uous. Undistln^uishable, a. Indistinct, indeterminate, confused, indistinguishable, that cannot be dis- tinguished. Undisturbed, a. Calm, placid, quiet, tranquil, se- rene, peaceful, unmoved, unruffled, composed. Undivided, a. I. Whole, entire, complete. 2. United, one. Undo, V. a. I. Annul, invalidate, reverse, neu- tralize, nullify, frustrate, bring to naught. 2. Loose, unfasten, untie, disengage, open, unfold, disentangle, unravel. UNDOING 456 UNFINISHED 3. Ruin, destroy. 4. Impoverish, bring to poverty. Undoing:, «. Ruin, destruction. Undomesticated, a. Wild, not tame. Undoubted, a. Indisputable, indubitable, undis- puted, incontrovertible, unquestionable, unques- tioned. Undoubtlng, a. Sure, confident. Undress, v. a. Disrobe, strip, divest of clothes. Undress, «. Dishabille, loose dress, ordinary dress. Undrilled, a. Untrained, unpractised, undisci- plined, unschooled, inexperienced. Undue, a. I. Improper, illegitimate, illegal, un- lawful. 2. Unsuitable, improper, excessive, inordinate, immoderate, disproportioned. 3. Unfit, unsuitable. Undulate, v. n. Wave, fluctuate, move up and down. Undulating, a. Waving, wavy, undulatory, roll- ing. Undulation, «. Wave, fluctuation, ripple, rimple, wave-like motion. Undulatory, a. Undulating, waving, wavy. Unduly, ad. Excessively, in an undue manner, improperly. Undutiful, a. Disobedient, unfilial, disloyal, unfaithful. Und3dng:, a. Deathless, imperishable, immortal, never-dying, ever-living. Uneartb, y. a. I. Uncover, draw from the earth. 2. Bring to light, disclose, bring out from con- cealment, ferret out, find out, draw out. Unearthly, a. Supernatural, preternatural, weird. Uneasiness, «• Disquiet, restlessness, inquietude, anxiety, disquietude, perturbation, trouble, per- plexity. Uneasy, a. I, Restless, restive, unquiet, dis- turbed, impatient, ill at ease. 2. Constrained, stiff, awkward, ungraceful, ungainly. 3. Disagreeable, unpleasing, constraining, cramping, uncomfortable. Uneducated, a. Illiterate, unlettered, unlearned, untaught, uncultivated, uninstructed, unenlight- ened, ignorant, rude, uninformed. Unembarrassed, a. I. Unencumbered, unbur- dened, untrammelled. 2. Easy, unconstrained, digagL Unemployed, a. I. Unoccupied, doing nothing, out of employment, idle. 2. Disused. Unencumbered, a. See Unembarrassed. Unending, a. Everlasting, ever-enduring, eternal, perpetual, endless, sempiternal, unceasing, inter- minable, ceaseless, never-ending. Unendurable, a. Insufferable, intolerable, insup- portable, unbearable. Unenlightened, a. See Uneducated Unenviable, a. Undesirable, disagreeable, un- pleasant. Unequal, a. I. Uneven, not alike. 2. Inferior. 3. Disproportioned, ill-matched. 4-. Irregular, not equable, not uniform. 5. Inadequate, insufficient. 6. {Boi.) Inequilateral. Unequalled, a. Unmatched, matchless, unparal- leled, unexampled, unparagoned, peerless, un- surpassed, unrivalled, exceeding, surpassing, superlative, transcendent, incomparable, inimit- able, paramount, pre-eminent. Unequivocal, a. I. Indubitable, incontestable, clear, plain, evident, certain, positive, absolute. 2. Unmistakable, unambiguous, explicit. Unerring, a. I. Infallible, incapable of error. 2. Certain, sure, exact, accurate. Unessential, a. Unimportant, immaterial, non- essential, of no account, of no consequence, of no moment, unnecessary. Uneven, a. I. Rough, ragged, jagged, rugged. 2. Unequal. 3. Odd, not exactly divisible by 2. Uneventful, a. Quiet, commonplace, uninterest- ing, uncheckered, dull, monotonous, humdrum, eventless. Unexampled, a. Unprecedented, unparalleled. Uuexcelled, a. Unsurj^assed, unrivalled. Unexceptionable, a. Unobjectionable, good, ex- cellent, faultless, irreproachable. Unexpected, a. Sudden, abrupt, unanticipated, unlocked for, unthought of, unforeseen. Unexpensive, a. Cheap, moderate, low-priced, inexpensive. Unexperienced, a. Inexperienced, unpractised, untrained, unschooled, uninitiated, raw, un- versed, undisciplined, unskilled, green, without experience. Unexpressive, a. Inexpressive, characterless, blank, unmeaning. Unfading, a. Perennial, undecaying, lasting, en- during, amaranthine. Unfailing, a. Inexhaustible, exhaustless, certain, constant, never-failing. Unfair, a. Unjust, inequitable, partial, dishonest, dishonorable, disingenuous, one-sided, unequal, insincere, uncandid, false, hypocritical, faithless, truthless. Unfairness, «. Injustice. Unfaithful, a. I, Faithless, treacherous, per- fidious, unreliable, derelict, false, deceitful, dis- loyal, recreant, treasonable, undutiful, false- hearted, untrustworthy. 2. Negligent, careless, untrustworthy, unre- liable. 3. Fickle, untrue, inconstant, changeable, faithless. Unfaltering, a. Firm, resolute, steadfast, deter- mined, unwavering, unhesitating, unswerving, steady. Unfamiliar, a. I. Unusual, uncommon, strange, singular, queer, unheard of, out of the way. 2. Unaccustomed, unacquainted, inconversant. Unfashionable, a. Obsolete, disused, antiquated, old-fashioned, out of use, out of fashion, out of date, fallen into desuetude. Unfasten, v. a. Loose, unloose, untie, unbind, unclasp, unlace, undo, unfix. Unfathomable, a. I. Fathomless, bottomless, soundless, very deep, very profound, abysmal. 2. Inscrutable, unsearchable, impenetrable, mysterious. Unfavorable, a. Adverse, contrary, malign, un- propilious, inauspicious, discouraging, inimical. Unfeasible, a. Impracticable, infeasible, that can- not be accomplished or done. Unfeathered, a. Unfledged, callow. Unfeeling, a. I. Insensible, torpid, numb, apa- thetic, callous, insensate, without sensibility. 2. Cruel, unkind, unsympathizing, unsympa- thetic, hard, hard-hearted, cold-blooded, cold- hearted. Unfeigned, a. Real, sincere, sterling, true, undis- guised, genuine, unaffected, honest. Unfeminine, a. I. Unwomanly, mannish, bold. 2. Unwomanly, indelicate, rude, coarse. Unfetter, v. a. Unshackle, unbind, set free, loose, set at liberty. Unfettered, a. Free, unrestrained, unshackled, untrammelled. Unfilial, a. Undutiful, disobedient, ungrateful. Unfinished, a. I. Incomplete, unexecuted, un- accomplished, unperformed. UNFIT 457 UNHAPPY 2. Incomplete, imperfect, uncompleted. Untitt a. I. Not fit, not in suitable condition. 2. Unsuitable, inappropriate. 3. Inapposite, inapt, unsuitable, inappropriate, irrelevant. 4. Improper, unbecoming, unseemly, unsuit- able. 5. Unqualified, incapable, unequal. Unfit, V. a. Disqualify, make unfit, incapacitate. Unfix, V. a. I. Unsettle, unhinge. 2. Loosen, take off, undo. Unflagging, a. Untiring, unremitting, unwearied, indefatigable, persevermg, undrooping, never- tiring, unfaltenng, constant, steady. Unfla^ering, a. Frank, candid, uncompliment- ary, blunt, plain-speaking, brusk. Unfledged, a. I. Unfeathered, callow. 2. Inexperienced, raw, green, untried. UnfUncMng, a. Resolute, firm, steady, unshrink- ing. Unfold, V. a. I. Expand, open, unroll, spread out. 2. Reveal, disclose, declare, divulge, tell. 3. Decipher, unravel, unriddle, explain, re- solve, disentangle, interpret, evolve, illustrate, make known, set forth, make clear. 4. Display, spread out, set to view. 5. Release, dismiss from a fold. Unforced, a. I. Willing, unconstrained, uncom- pelled. 2. Free, unurged, nothing loath. 3. Natural, unfeigned, spontaneous. 4. E.isy, ready, voluntary, willing. Unforeseen, a. Unexpected, unlooked for, unan- ticipated. Unforgiving, a. Implacable, inexorable, relent- less, hard, stony-hearted, unrelenting. UnforgOtten, a. Remembered, recollected, cher- ished in the memory. Unformed, a. Shapeless, unfashioned, unshaped. Unfortunate, a. I. Unsuccessful, unprosperous, unlucky, luckless, ill-fated, ill-starred, hapless. 2. Disastrous, calamitous, unhappy, deplor- able. 3. Infelicitous, inappropriate, inopportune, un- lucky. Unfounded, a. I. Unestablished, unbuilt. 2. Baseless, idle, vain, groundless, false, un- grounded, unsubstantial. Unfrequent, a. Uncommon, rare, infrequent. Unfrequented, a. Uninhabited, unoccupied, de- serted, lone, solitary, rarely visited. Unfriended, a. Friendless, forlorn, solitary, deso- late. Unfriendliness, n. Disfavor, unkindness. Unfriendly, a. I. Unkind, hostile, inimical, malevolent, antagonistic, ill-disposed. 2. Unfavorable, inimical, adverse, hostile. Unfruitful, a. I. Barren, fruitless, acarpous, sterile. 2. Barren, unprolific, sterile, infecund. 3. Fruitless, unprofiuble, unproductive, bar- ren. 4. Unproductive, barren, unprolific, sterile, unfertile, fruitless. Unfulfilled, a. Unaccomplished, unperformed, neglected, unobserved, unredeemed. Unfurl, V. a. Open, display, spread out, give to the breeze, expand, unfold. Unfurnished, a. Empty, bare, unsupplied. Ungainly, a. Clumsy, awkward, uncouth, un- courtly, inelegant, clownish, boorish, gawky, loutish, lubberly, lumbering, slouching, ungrace- ful, stiff. Ungallant, a. Unchivalrous, uneentle, ungracious, uncourtly, unhandsome, churlish. Ungenerous, a. I. Illiberal, stingy, mean, sordid, selfish. 2. Ignoble, ignominious, unkind, base, churlish. Ungentle, a. Harsh, rude, impolite, uucourteous, uncivil. Ungentlemanly, a. Uncivil, impolite, uncourte- ous, discourteous, rude, rough, coarse, bearish, boorish, ungentle, ill-bred, ill-mannered, unman- nerly, churlish. Ungodly, a. I. Wicked, impious, sinful, un- righteous, godless, vicious, profane, reprobate, depraved, vile, bad, evil. 2. Unhallowed, unsanctified, unholy, polluted. UngOVemaUe, a. Unruly, refractory, uncontrol- lable, intractable, unmanageable, irrepressible, rebellious, mutinous, wild, unbridled, rampant, headstrong, infuriate, mad, frantic, furious, vio- lent, impetuous, vehement. UngOVemed, a. I. Without government. 2. Uncontrolled, unbridled, uncurbed, licen- tious. Ungraceful, a. Stiff, constrained, awkward, clumsv, inelegant, ungainly, uncouth, gawky. Ungracious, a. I. Uncivil, unkind, impoiite, rude, rough, unfriendly, disobliging, churlish, unamirible. 2. Unpleasing, disagreeable, ungrateful, offen- sive, unacceptable, unpleasant, thankless. Ungranunatical, a. incorrect, inaccurate, faulty, without regard to the rules of grammar. Ungrateful, a. I. Unthankful, thankless, with- out gratitude. 2. Unpleasing, offensive, disagreeable, unac- ceptable, unwelcome, thankless. Ungratefulness, n. I. Ingratitude, unthankful* ness, thanklessness. 2. Unacceptableness, disagreeableness. Ungrounded, a. Unfounded, baseless, without foundation, groundless. Ungrudgingly, ad. Heartily, cheerfully, wil- lingly, freely, generously, unsparingly. Ungual, a. Ungueal, unguical. unguicular. Unguarded, a. I. Undefended, unprotected, defenceless, naked. 2. Careless, incautious, thoughtless. Unguent, «. Ointment, unction, un^uentum. uS|SicStld,(- Clawed, having claws. Unguiform, a. Claw-shaped. Ungulnous, a. Oily, unctuous, oleaginous. Unguis, «. I. Finger-nail. 2. Hoof. 3. Claw. 4. {Bot.) Claw, ungula. Ungulate, a. I. Hoof-shaped. 2. Hoof-bearing. Unhackneyed, a. Fresh, new, recent, novel. Unhallowed, a. Unsanctified, unholy, profane, impure, polluted, wicked. Unhandsome, a. I. Plain, ugly, ill-looking, un- comelv, homely. 2. tjnbecoming, unsuitable, ungraceful, undig- nified. 3. Unfair, illiberal, disingenuous, ungenerous. 4. Uncivil, impolite, churlish. Unhandy, a. I. Awkward, unskilful, clumsy, bungling, maladroit, inexpert, inapt, ^awcA^. 2. Inconvenient, uncomfortable, awkward. Unhappily, ad. I. Unfortunately, unluckily. 2. Miserably, wretchedly, calamitously. Unhappiness, «. I. Wretchedness, misery, dis- tress, affliction, woe, infelicity. 2. Misfortune, calamity, disaster. Unhappy, at. I. Unfortunate, unlucky, infelicitous. 2. Wretched, miserable, distressed, afflicted, sorrowful, heart-sick. 3. Grievous, disastrous, calamitous, severe, trying, painful, unfortunate, unlucky, sad, aflJict- ing, afidictive, distressing, deplorable, dire. UNHARMED 458 UNITY 4. Unpropitious, unlucky, malign, inauspi- cious, sinister, evil. XTniiarmed, a. Uninjured, unhurt, unscathed, un- damaged. UnharmonioUS, a. I. Discordant, dissonant, unmusical, inharmonic, inharmonical, inharmoni- ous, out of tune. 2. Discordant, dissonant, disagreeing, at vari- ance. XJnhealtllflll, a. Unwholesome, insalubrious, un- healthy, noxious. Unhealtliyt a. I. Unsound, diseased, sickly, out of health, valetudinary, valetudinarian. 2. Unsound, diseased, sickly, 3. Sickly. 4. Unwholesome, insalubrious, deleterious, poisonous, morbific, unhealthful, noxious, unfav- orable to health. 5. Morbid, indicative of disease. Unlie^d of. I. Obscure, unknown to fame. 2. Novel, unexampled, unprecedented, unusual, uncommon, exceptional, abnormal, unwonted, singular, surprising, out of the way, strange. Unheeded, a. Disregarded, unnoticed, ignored, overlooked, neglected. Unlieedfully, ad. Carelessly, negligently. Unheeding, a. Careless, heedless, unmindful, re- gardless. Unhelped, a. Unaided, unassisted. Unhesitating, a. Prompt, ready, immediate. Unhindered, a. Unobstructed, unimpeded, un> checked. Unhinge, v. a. I, Remove from the hinges. 2. Disorder, confuse, derange, unsettle, shat- ter. 3. Displace, unfix. Unhitch, v. a. Unfasten, loose. Unholy, a. I. Unhallowed, unsanctified, profane, ungodly. 2. Undevout, irreligious, ungodly, impious, irreverent, wicked, sinful, profane, evil. Unhonored, a. Inglorious, renownless. Unhorse, v. a. Dismount, throw from a horse. Unhurt, a. Uninjured, unharmed, safe and sound, safe. Unicorn-fish, «. (/cA.) Sea-unicom, narwhal, unicorn-whale- Unideal, a. Real, actual, material, substantial. Unification, «. Union, junction {so as to become one), incorporation. Uniflorous, Unprofitable, unremunerative. 3. Inefficient, ineffectual, without effect. Unprofitable, a. I. Worthless, sterile, poor, un- productive, unfruitful, barren. 2. Useless, futile, bootless, fruitless, unavail- ing. 3. Worthless, unremunerative, useless, poor. 4. Barren, unfruitful, unserviceable. Unpromis.^ng, a. I. Inauspicious, unpropitious, unfavorable, unlucky, untoward, ill-omened, not encouraging, not promising. 2. Unlikely. Unpropitious, a. Unfavorable, inauspicious, unpromising. Unprosperous, a. Unfortunate, luckless, un- lucky, unsuccessful, ill-starred. Unprotected, a. Defenceless, unguarded , exposed, undefended, unshielded. Unprovided with. Without, destitute of, devoid of, unsupplied with. Unpunctual, a. Tardy, dilatory, behindhand, late. Unpurified, a. Unclean. Unqualified, a. I. Incompetent, unfit, una- dapted. UNQUENCHABLE 461 UNSEASONED 2. Absolute, unconditional, unmeasured, un- restricted, thorough, plump, full, direct, down- right, decided. 3. Exaggerated, sweeping. UOQuenchable, a. Unextinguishable, quenchless, slakeless, unslakable, that cannot be quenched. UnQuestionable, a. I. Indisputable, incontro- vertible, indubitable, undeniable, irrefragable, incontestable, irrefutable, cenain, evident, ob- vious, beyond all question, beyond a doubt, past dispute. 2. Undeniable, indisputable, indubitable, un- mistakable. nnqaestioned, a. I. Undoubted, undisputed. 2. Unexamined, having no questions asked. 3. Indisputable, not to be opposed. UllQuiet, a. I. Uneasy, restless, fidgety {colloq.). 2. Disturbed, agitated, restless, uneasy. Unravel, v. a. I. Disentangle, extricate, ravel, untwist. 2. Unfold, decipher, interpret, understand, resolve, solve, explain, read, clear up, make out. 3. Confuse, throw into disorder. Unreadable, a. Illegible. Unready, a. I. Unprepared. 2. Unfit, unqualified. 3. Slow, slack, awkward, clumsy, unhandy. Unreal, a: Insubstantial, unsubstantial, imagi- nary, shadowy, visionary, spectral, ghostly. Unreasonable, a. I. Irrational, foolish, unwise, absurd, silly, preposterous, senseless, stupid, in- judicious, nonsensical, anphilosophical, ill-judged. 2. Exorbitant, extravagant, unfair, unjust, ex- tortionate, excessive. Unreasonableness, «. I. Absurdity, foolishness, folly, irrationality. 2. Exorbitancy, immoderateness. Unrecognized, a. I. Ignored: overlooked, disre- garded. 2. Unknown, unacknowledged. Unreconcilable, a. I. irreconcilable, inconsis- tent, incongruous, antagonistic, incompatible. 2. Implacable, unappeasable, unforgiving. 3. Hostile, unfriendly. Unredeemed, a. I. Unransomed, forfeited. 2. Unfulfilled, unperformed. Unreflecting, a. Heedless, thoughtless. Unregarded, a. Disregarded, neglected, un- heeded. Unregenerate, a. Unconverted. Unrelenting, a. I. Inexorable, implacable, piti- less, relentless, merciless, ruthless, unmerciful, uncompassionate, hard, cruel, unpitying, stern, harsh, bitter, austere, rigorous, remorseless, un- sparins:. 2. Rigid, severe, inflexible, inexorable. Unreliable, a. lAfod^rn,'} Untrustworthy, not to be depended upon. Unremembered, a. Forgotten. Unremitting, a. Unceasing^ continual, persever- ing, constant, unabated, mcessant, assiduous, sedulous, diligent, indefatigable, unwearied. Unremnnerative, a. Unprofitable, unproductive. Unrepentant, a. Impenitent, seared, hardened, callous, incorrigible, irreclaimable, obdurate, abandoned, lost, graceless, shameless, profligate, recreant. Unrequited, a. Unretumed, unrewarded. Unreserved, a. I. Full, entire, unlimited. 2. Frank, open, candid, ingenuous, undesign- ing, undissembling, artless, guileless, sincere, honest, fair, single-minded, above-board, open- hearted. Unresisting, a. Submissive, patient, passive, long-suffering. Unresponsive, a. Unsympathetic, irresponsive. Unrestrained, a. I. Unchecked, unhmdered. 2. Licentious, loose, dissolute. Unrestricted, a. I. Unrestrained, unlimited, free, unconfined, unbridled, unfettered, indepen- dent. 2. Unobstructed, open, public, clear. Unrevealed, a. Secret, hidden, unknown, undis- covered, occult. Unrewarded, a. Unpaid, unrecompensed. Unriddle, v. a. Solve, explain, expound, unfold, unravel. Unrighteons, a. I. Wicked, ungodly, unholy, sinful, wrong, evil, vicious. 2. Unjust, unfair, iniquitous, inequitable, ne- farious, heinous. Unripe, a. I, Immature, green, crude. 2. Incomplete, immature, crude, unfinished. Unrivalled, a. Unequalled, unparalleled, peerless, matchless, incomparable, inimitable, of the best, without a rival, of the first water. Unrobe, v. a. Undress, disrobe. UnroU, V. a. I. Unfold, open. 2. Display, lay open. 3. Develop, evolve, unfold, open. Unromantic, a. Literal, prosaic, matter-of-fact. Unroot, V. a. Extirpate, eradicate, uproot, root out, pull up by the roots. Unrunied, a. I. Calm, tranquil, quiet, still, placid, peaceful, serene, smooth. 2. Placid, peaceful, philosophical, collected, serene, unmoved, imperturbable, composed, cool, undisturbed, calm, tranquil. Unruly, a. I. Turbulent, imgoveniable, refrac- tory, disobedient, insubordinate, mutinous, riot- ous, seditious, rebellious, disorderly, headstrong. 2. Refractory, vicious, stubborn, unmanage- able, ungovernable, rebellious. Unsafe, a. Dangerous, perilous, hazardous, inse- cure, full of risk. Unsaid, a. Unuttered, unmentioned, unspoken. Unsanctified, a. Unholy, unhallowed, profane. Unsated, a. Unsatiated, unsatisfied. Unsatiated, a. See Unsated. Unsatisfactory, a. I. Insufficient. 2. Disappointing. 3. Lame, poor, weak, feeble. Unsatisfied, «. I. Unsated, unsatiated. 2. Dissatisfied, discontented, displeased, mal- content. 3. Unpaid. Unsavory, a. I. Unpalatable, tasteless, insipid, flat, vapid, savorless, mawkish. 2. Unpleasing, disgusting, nauseous, oflfensive, rank. Unsay, v. a. Retract, recall, recant, take back. Unscathed, a. Uninjured, unharmed. Unschooled, a. I. Uneducated, uninstructed, ignorant. 2. Undisdplined, untrained. Unscrupulous, a. Unprincipled, unrestrained, ruthless, reckless, unconscientious, without scru- ples, regardless of principle. Unsealed, a. Open, without a seal, unclosed. Unsearchable, a. inscrutable, incomprehensible, mysterious, hidden, that cannot be found out or known bv searching, past finding out. Unseasonable, a. I. Inopportune* untimely, ill- timed, inappropriate, out of season. 2. Late, too late. 3. Ill-timed, unfit, untimely^ unsuitable, un- welcome, ungrateful, inappropriate. 4. Premature, too early. Unseasonably, ad. Untimely, at an unsuitable time, unsuitably, malapropos. Unseasoned, a I. Unqualified, inexperienced, unaccustomed, untrained. 2. Irregular, inordinate, immoderate. 3. Green. UNSEEING 462 UNSURPASSED 4. Fresh, unsalted. Unseeing, a. Blind, sightless. Unseemly, a. Improper, indecorous, unbecoming, unmeet, unfit, unbefitting, indecent, unsuitable, inappropriate. Unseen, a. I, Unperceived, unobserved, undis- covered. 2. Invisible, indiscoverable. Unseliisb, a. Disinterested, generous, liberal, magnanimous, high-minded. Unserviceable, a. I. Useless, unsound, ill- conditioned. 2. Unprofitable, useless, profitless. 3. Useless. Unsettle, v. a. Derange, disturb, disconcert, unfix, confuse, disorder, throw into disorder, unhinge. Unsettled, a. I. Wavering, restless, vacillat- ing, fickle, unsteady, unstable, changeable, not steady. 2. Unequal, changeable, inequable. 3. Turbid, roily, roiled, feculent, muddy. 4. Uninhabited, without inhabitants. 5. Undetermined, open, unadjusted. 6. Unpaid, owing, due, outstanding. Unsliackle, v. a. Unfetter, unchain, unbind, liberate, emancipate, set free, set at liberty, release. Unshaken, a. I. Unmoved, firm, steady. 2. Resolute, firm, steadfast, steady. Unsliapen, a. Deformed, misshapen, shapeless, ill-formed, ill-made, ill-shaped, grotesque, ugly, uncouth. Unsheltered, a. Exposed, unprotected. Unshrinking, a. Unblenching, persisting, deter- mined, unflinching, firm, resolute. Unshroud, v. a. Uncover, discover, expose, reveal. Unsightly, a. Ugly, deformed, disagreeable to the sight, hideous, repulsive. Unskilful, a. Awkward, bungling, unhandy, clumsy, maladroit, unskilled, inapt, inexpert, without dexterity. Unskilled, a. I. Inexperienced, undrllled, unex- ercised, unpractised, undisciplined, uneducated, unschooled, unprepared, raw. 2. See Unskilful. Unslacked, a. Unslaked. Unslaked, a. I. Unslacked. 2. Unquenched. Unsleeping, a. Wakeful, watchful, unslumbering. Unsmirched, a. Unpolluted, undefiled, unspotted. Unsociable, a. Reserved, taciturn, unsocial, soli- tary, uncompanionable, ungenial, uncommunica- tive, averse to society. Unsocial, a. See Unsociable. Unsoiled, a. Untarnished, unstained, unsullied, unspotted, spotless, clean. Unsolder, v. a. Separate, disunite, divide, sunder, unsoder. Unsophisticated, a. I. Pure, unadulterated, genuine. 2. Guileless, undepraved, good, unpolluted, unvitiated, innocent. 3. Artless, simple, natural, unaffected, sincere, ingenuous, straightforward, honest, undesigning. Unsought, a. I. Unrequested, unasked, unso- licited. 2. Avoided, shunned, eschewed. Unsound, a. I. Defective, imperfect, impaired, decayed, rotten. 2. Diseased, sickly, weakly, poorly, infirm, unhealthy, morbid, feeble. 3. Erroneous, wrong, false, fallacious, incor- rect, deceitful, sophistical, illogical, defective, untenable, invalid, unsubstantial, faulty, hollow. 4. Deceitful, dishonest, untrustworthy. 5. Insincere, false, unfaithful, untrue. 6. Questionable, defective. 7. Disturbed, light. 8. Thin, weak. 9. Insubstantial, unreal. 10. Heterodox, heretical, unorthodox, defec- tive. Unsi>aring, a. I. Liberal, profuse, lavish, boun- tiful, generous, ungrudging. 2. Unmerciful, unforgiving, severe, harsh, rigorous, inexorable, relentless, ruthless^ uncom- promising. Unspeakable, a. Inexpressible, unutterable, in- effable, indescribable, beyond expression. Unspiritual, a. Sensual, carnal, fleshly. Unspotted, a. I. Unstained, unsoiled, untar- nished, unsullied, spotless, clean. 2. Pure, uncorrupted, untainted, unblemished, imtamished, unsullied, spotless, stainless, clean, undefiled, immaculate. Unstable, a. I. Unsteady, insecure, unsafe, pre- carious. 2. Inconstant, changeable, unsteady, fickle, weak, vacillating, irresolute, wavering, erratic. Unstableness, «. Instability. Unstained, a. I. Untinged, undyed, uncolored, colorless. 2. See Unspotted. Unsteadfast, a. Fickle, unsteady. Unsteady, a. I. Unsettled, fluctuating, oscil- lating. 2. Inconstant, fickle, unstable, changeable, wavering, mutable, variable, ever-changing. 3. Tottering, wavering, vacillating. Unstinted, a. Abundant, ample, plentiful, large, full, lavish, bountiful. Unstrung, a. Unnerved, weak, shaken, over- come. Unstudied, a. I. Unpremeditated, spontaneous, extempore, extemporaneous, impromptu, off- hand. 2. Unskilled, inexpert, unversed. Unsubdued; a Unbroken, untamed, unconquered. Unsubmissive, a. Disobedient, uncomplying, re- fractory, obstinate, contumacious, unruly, per- verse, unyielding, indocile, insubordinate, ungov- ernable, unmanageable. Unsubstantial, a. I. Light, flimsy, gossamery, thin. 2. Unreal, imaginary, chimerical, visionary, ideal, illusory, fantastical. 3. Unsound, untenable, weak, flimsy, falla- cious, erroneous, illogical. Unsuccessful, a. I. Unavailing, ineffectual, abor- tive, fruitless, bootless, profitless, vain, futile, in vain. 2. Luckless, unfortunate, unlucky, unprosper- ous, ill-starred, ill-fated, unhappy. Unsuitable, a. I. Unfit, inappropriate, unsuited, ill-adapted. 2. Improper, unbecoming, unfitting, incongru- ous, out of keeping, out of character, out of place, in bad taste. Unsuitably, ad. Inappropriately, unfitly, un- timely, malapropos. Unsuited, a. Unfitted, unqualified, unadapted. Unsullied, a. I. Unspotted, unstained, untar- nished, unsoiled, spotless, clean. 2. Pure, untainted, uncorrupted, undefiled, immaculate, unspoiled. _ Unsupplied, a. Unprovided, unfurnished, desti- tute. Unsupported, a. I. Unassisted, unaided. 2. Unseconded, unsustained, unupiield. Unsurpassed, a. Unexcelled, matchless, un- equalled, unmatched, unparalleled, unrivalled, unexampled, peerless, unparagoned, without an equal. UNSUSCEPTIBLE 463 UNWEPT Unsusceptible, a. Unimpressible, unimpression- able, impassive, apathetic, cold, phlegmatic, stoi- cal, msusceptible. Unsuspecting:, a. Unsuspicious, credulous, trust- ing, confiding. Unsuspicious, a. Unsuspecting, having no suspi- cion. Unsustainable, a. I. Insupportable, intolerable. 2. Erroneous, unmamtainable, untenable, con- trovertible. Unswerving, a. I. Undeviating, straight, direct. 2. Firm, determined, resolute, steady, stead- fast, stanch, stable, constant, unwavering. Unsymmetrical, a. Disproportionate, irregular, out of projiortion, without symmetry. Unsystematic, ) a. Irregular, disorderly, imme- Unsystematical, ) thodical. Untainted, a. I. Pure, clean, wholesome, fresh, sweet, healthy. 2. Pure, uncorrupted, undefiled, unspotted, unsullied, untarnished, immaculate, unstained. Untamable, a. Unconquerable. Untamed, a. Unbroken, wild, fierce. Untangle, v. a. Disentangle. Untarnished, a. Unspotted, unsullied, unstained, unsoiled, spotless, clean, unblemished. Untaught, ian, a. Ideal, visionary, fanciful, imaginary, chimerical, unreal, air-drawn, air-built. Utricle, «. Vesicle, cyst, bladder. Utter, a. I. Total, complete, entire, perfect. 2. Absolute, peremptory, unconditional, un- qualified. Utter, V. a. I. Speak, articulate, enunciate, pro- nounce, express, give forth, give expression to. 2. Put Into circulation, put off, cause to pass in trade. Utterable, a. Pronounceable, expressible. Utterance, «. Pronunciation, expression, delivery. Uttermost, a. I. Extreme, farthest 2. Greatest, utmost. Uttermost, «. Utmost. Uxoricide, «. I. Wife-murder. 2. Wife-murderer. Uxoriousness, n. Philogyoy, connubial dotage. V Vacancy, «. I. Emptiness. 2. Freedom from employment, intermission, leisure, idleness, listlessness. 3. Empty space, vacuity. 4. Chasm, gap, space. 5. Unemployed time, interval of leisure, time of intermission. 6. Unoccupied office, unfilled place. Vacant, a. I. Empty, void, unfilled. 2. Disengaged, unoccupied, unemployed, un- encumbered, free, leisure. 3. Thoughtless, unthinking, unreflecting, un- meaning. 4. Unfilled, unoccupied, empty. Vacate, v. a. I. Make vacant, leave empty, quit possession of, resign, surrender. 2. Annul, disannul, nullify, rescind, cancel, quash, invalidate, abrogate, abolish, overrule, make void, set aside, do away with, deprive of force. Vacation, n. I. Intermission. 2. Holidays. Vaccina, «. (Med.) Cow-pox, kine-pox, vaccinia. Vaccinate, v. a. Inoculate with kine-pox, inocu- late with vaccine matter. Vaccinist, n. Vaccinator. Vacillate, v. n. I. Sway, rock, move to and fro, have an unsteady motion, waver. 2. Waver, fluctuate, hesitate, be inconstant, be unsettled, be unsteady, play fast and loose, blow hot and cold, box the compass, run with the hare and hunt with the hound, be a weather- cock. Vacillating, a. Wavering, fluctuating, unsteady, inconstant. Vacillation, «. I. Swaying, reeling, staggering, rocking. 2. Wavering, fluctuation, hesitation, unsteadi- ness, inconstancy. Vacuity, ». I. Emptiness, vacancy, inanity, inanition. 2. Void, vacuum, empty space, emptiness, va- cancy. 3. Inanity, nihility, want of reality. Vacutim, «. Void, empty space, vacuity. Vade-mecum, ». Manual 30 VADIUM 466 VAPID VadllUn, «. {Law.) Gage, pledge, security, sure- ty, bail. yagat)OIld, a. Wandering, homeless. Vagabond^ «. Vagrant, outcast, castaway, loafer, lounger, nomad, land-loper, idle wanderer, stroll- ing beggar, tramp. Vagabondism, «• Vagabondage, vagrancy. Vagary, «. Whim, freak, whimsey, crotchet, whimsicality, caprice, fancy, humor. Vaginant, a. {Bot.) Sheathing, Vaginate, shaped, ver- miculate. Vermifuge, «. Anthelmintic, helminthagogue. Vermilion, n. I. Red sulphuret of mercury (uT' ti/ictal). 2. Cochineal. 3. Bright red. Vermin, «. sing, and //. I. Noxious animals (o/ small size). 2. Off-scourings, riff-raff, off-scum, rabble, scum. Vermivoroua, a. Worm-eating, worm-devour- ing. Vernacular, a. Native, indigenous, mother, vul- gar. Vernacular, «. Vernacular language, native lan- guage, mother tongue. Veronica, «. I. Vemicle. 2. {Bot.) Speedwell. Verrel, «. Ferrule. Verruca, n. Wart. Verrucose, a. Warty, knobby. Versatile, a. I. Changeable, variable, capricious, erratic. 2. Inconstant, unsteady, fickle. 3. Varied, many-sided, plastic, ready, Protean. Verse, «. I. Line (^nutrically arranged), line of poetry, stich. 2. Versification, poetry, poesy, metrical com- position, metrical language. 3. (Common, but improper.) Stanza, stave, suff. 4. Passage {of Scripture), text, sentence. 5. (Poetical.) Piece of poetry. Versed, a. Skilled, skilful, practised, accom- plished, conversant, acquainted, qualified, trained, proficient, clever, able, good at, at home in, au Jfait. Verseman, )«. Poetaster, manufacturer of po- Versemonger, J etry, writer of verses {used Au- morously or in contempt). Verses, n. fl. Numbers, poetry, song. Versification, «. Verse, metrical composition. Versify, v. a. Turn into verse. Versity, v. «. Make verses. Version, «. I. Translation, rendering, interpre- tation, reading, lection. 2. Translation, rendition. Versus, prep. (Law. ) Against. Versute, a. Artful, crafty, wily. Vertebral column. Spine. Vertebrate, «. Vertebral, back-boned animal Vertex, «. I. Point. 2. Top, summit, crown. 3. Crown of the head. 4. Zenith. Vertical, a. Perpendicular {to th* horizon), up- right, plumb. Vertlcle, «• Axis, hinge, joint. Vertiginous, a. I. Whirling, rotary, rotatory. 2. Dizzy, giddy. Vertigo, n. Dizziness, giddiness, swimming of the head. Vervain, «. {Bot.) Verbena. Verve, «. [Fr.] Enthusiasm, rapture, spirit, ani- mation, force, energy, excitement of the imagina- tion. Very, a. I. True, real, actual. 2. Same, self-same. Very, ad. Highly, exceedingly, excessively, ex- tremely, remarkably, surpassingly, to a high de- gree. Vesicant, «. See Vesicatory. Vesicatory, «. Blister, epispastic, vesicant. Vesicle, «. Cell, cyst, utricle, bladder. Vesper, «. Hesperus, Hesper, Venus, evening star. VESPERS 470 VIEW Vespers, n.dl. Evening service, evening song, evensong (/« the Roman Catholic Church). Vessel, n. I. Utensil (Jor holding anything). 2. Bottom, sailing craft. 3. Tube, duct, canal. Vest, «. I. Vesture, garment, vestment, robe, dress. 2. Waistcoat {/or men). Vest, V. a. I. Clothe, dress, surround, robe, en- robe, envelop, cover. 2. Endow, furnish, put in possession. 3. {Law.) Clothe with possession. Vestal, a. I. Of Vesta. 2. Pure, chaste, immaculate, stainless. Vested, a. Fixed, established. Vestibule, «. I. Porch, entrance-way. 2. Hall, lobby, ante-room, passage. Vestige, n. Footprint, footstep, token, sign, mark, record, trace, track. Vestiges, n.pl. Remains, relics. Vest in. Descend to, pass to, belong to, be at the disposal of, become the property of. Vestment, n. Garment, dress, robe, vest, habili- ment, garb, vesture. Vestry, n. Sacristy, vestry-room. Vesture, «. I. Garment, dress, robe, vestment, vest. 2. Clothes, clothing, apparel, coverine, attire, habit, garb, costume, habiliment, raiment, dress. Vesuvian, «. {Min.) Idocrase. Veteran, a. Old (in experience), experienced {especially in war), long exercised, long prac- tised. Veteran, «. I. Old soldier, old campaigner. 2. Expert, adept, proficient, old stager, old campaigner, old soldier, old hand, practised hand. Veterinarian, «. Farrier, horse-doctor, horse- leech, veterinary surgeon. Veterinary surgeon. Farrier, veterinarian. Veto, n. I, Prohibition (o/ a legislative act by the Executive), refusal to sanction. 2. Authoritative prohibition, forbidding. Veto, V. a. Prohibit, forbid, negative, withhold assent to. Vettura, «. [It.] Travelling carriage, post-chaise. Vex, V. a. I, Tease, torment, plague, harass, worry, harry, hector, distress, annoy, trouble, f)erplex, persecute, cross, pother, gall, chafe, mo- est, pester, bother, badger. 2. Fret, irritate, provoke, displease, offend, nettle, try the patience of, affront, enchafe. _ 3. Disturb, disquiet, agitate, put in commotion. Vexation, «. I. Irritation, chagrin, displeasure, mortification, trouble, disquiet, agitation, afflic- tion, uneasiness, grief, sorrow, distress, discom- fort. 2. Torment, plague, trouble!, annoyance, nui- sance, curse, affliction. 3. Harassing by law, vexing, troubling, dam- age. Vexatious, a. I. Troublesome, irritating, provoking, annoying, unpleasant, disagreeable, aggravating. 2. Distressing, harassing, troublesome, afflic- tive, painful, grievous, disturbing. 3. Troubled, anxious, uneasy, distressed, un- comfortable, comfortless, galling, burdensome, irksome. Vexed, a. I. Irritated, plagued, worried, hanlssed, annoyed, troubled, provoked, disquieted. 2. Disputed, contested, in dispute, causing contention. Via, ad. [L.] {Colloq.) By way of. Vial, n. .Small bottle, phial. Via Lactea. {Astron.) The Milky Way, the Galaxy. Viameter, n. Odometer. Viands, n. pi. Food, victuals. Vibrant, a. Vibrating, resonant. Vibrate, v. «. I. Oscillate, swing, move to and fro, move backward and forward. 2. Impinge, sound, quiver, produce a vibra- tory effect. 3. Vacillate, hesitate, waver, fluctuate. Vibrate, v. a. I. Brandish, swing, move to and fro. 2. Cause to quiver, undulate, affect with vi- bratory motion. 3. Measure by swinging. Vibration, «. Oscillation, swinging, nutation. Vibratory, a. Vibrating, oscillating, vibrative, vibratile, oscillatory, swinging. Vicarious, a. I. Deputed, delegated, commisk sioned. 2. Substituted. Vice, n. I. Defect, fault, blemish, imperfection. 2. Wickedness, sin, iniquity, depravity, im- morality, laxity, evil, error, corruption, badness. Vice. [L.] Instead of, in place of. Vice-consul, «. Deputy-consul, assistant-consul. Vicegerent, «. Deputy, lieutenant, representa- tive, agent, vicar. Vice-king, n. Viceroy Viceroy, n. Vice-king. Vice versa. [L.] Conversely, reversely. Vicinage, «. Neighborhood, vicinity. Vicinity, n. I. Nearness, proximity, propin- quity. 2. Neighborhood, vicinage. Vicious, a. I. Faulty, defective, imperfect. 2. Wicked, mischievous, depraved, immoral, sinful, corrupt, unprincipled, abandoned, demor- alized, bad, worthless, profligate, iniquitous. 3. Foul, bad, impure. 4. Impure, debased, faulty, corrupt. 5. Unruly, refractory, contrary. Vicissitude, « I. Alternation, interchange, regular change, mutual succession. 2. Variation, mutation, revolution, change. Victim, «. I. Sacrifice. 2. Prey, sufferer. 3. {Colloq.) Dupe, gull, cull, cully, prey, gudgeon. Victimize, v. a. {Colloq.) Cheat, dupe, trick, de- fraud, deceive, swindle, cozen, chouse, gull, over- reach, befool, fool, beguile, circumvent, diddle, hoodwink, jockey, impose upon, put upon, prac- tise upon, play upon, take in. Victor, n. Conqueror, vanquisher. Victorious, a. I. Triumphant, conquering. 2. Producing conquest, successful. Victory, «. Conquest, triumph. Victual, V. a. Provide with food, supply with provisions, store with sustenance, supply with victuals. Victualler, «. i. Tavern-keeper, inn-keeper, publican. 2. Provision-ship. 3. \Scotch.] Corn-factor. Victualling-house, «. Eating-house, restaurant. Victuals, «. pi. Food, meat, sustenance, pro- visions, cooked provisions, viands. Vide. [L.] See. Videlicet, ad. [L. Usually represented by viz.'\ Namely, to wit, that is, that is to say, to par- ticularize, to be more explicit, in other words. Vide Ut supra. [L.] See as above, see the pre- ceding statement. Vie, V. n. Contend, compete, stnvQ {/or superior- ity). Vi et armis. [L.] By force of arms. View, z'. «• !• Survey, scan, eye, see, witness, behold, inspect, explore, contemplate, look oa or upon, turn the eyes to, have in sight. VIEW 471 VIRILE 2. Consider, regard, study, contemplate, think about, reflect upon, survey intellectually, exam- ine with the mental eye. Vlew» n. I. Sight, survey, inspection, examina- tion by the eye. 2. Mental survey, intellectual examination. 3. Sight, reach of the sight. 4« Prospect, scene, vista, perspective. 5. Sketch, picture. 6. Design, purpose, object, aim, intent, in- tention, scope, drift. 7. Opinion, judgment, notion, belief, impres- sion, idea, sentiment, conception. 8. Appearance, show, aspect. Viewless, a. Invisible, unseen, indiscernible. Vigil, «. I. Watch, sleeplessness, abstinence from sleep. 2. Devotional watching, waking for religious exercises. 3. Wake. Vig:ilance, «. Watchfulness, lookout, circum- spection, incessant care, scrupulous attention Vigilant, a. Watchful, circumspect, careful, wake- ful, on the lookout, wide-awake, on the alert. Vigor, «. I. Strength, force, might, power, physical force. 2. Enerjiy, strength, intellectual force. 3. Health, haleness, soundness, robustness, bloom, elasticity, tone. 4. Thriftiness, flourishing condition. 5. Liveliness, raciness, piquancy. Vigorous, a. I. Strong, powerful, lusty. 2. Strong, powerful, energetic, forcible. 3. Healthy, hale, robust, sturdy, sound, hardy, hearty, in health, in good health. 4. Thrifty, flourishing, growing well. 5. Nervous, robust, spirited, lively, sparkling, racy, pointed, piquant, impassioned. Vile, a. I. Base, mean, low, despicable, paltry, contemptible, beggarly, grovelling, pitiful, ig- noble, abject, scurvv, shabby, sorry, 2. Sinful, wicked, bad, base, impure, vicious, iniquitous. 3. Worthless, of poor quality, linsey-woolsey, cheap, valueless, mean, sorry, miserable, wretched. Vileness, «. I. Baseness, meanness, despicable- ness, foulness, abasement, shabbiness, abjectness, abjection. 2. Wickedness, sinfulness, turpitude, base- ness, depravity, badness. 3. Worthlessness, poor quality. Vilify, V. a. Defame, traduce, revile, slander, asperse, calumniate, scandalize, malign, abuse, blacken, blemish, slur, vituperate, backbite, lam- poon, disparage, berate, run down, speak ill of, accuse falsely, decry. Villa, «. Country house, country seat, country residence, rural mansion. Village, n. Hamlet, town. Villain, n. [Written also Villan.] Rascal, knave, scoundrel, rogue, scamp, reprobate, scapegrace, miscreant, caitiff, viifc wretch. Villanous, a. [Written also Villainoiu.] I. Base, mean, vile. 2. Wicked, depraved, knavish. 3. Heinous, sinful, nefarious, outrageous, very bad, atrocious. 4. (In a/amiliar sense.) Sorry, mischievous, mean, vile. Villany, «. [Written also Villainy.'S I. Wick- edness, sinfulness, depravity, turpitude, atrocity, criminality, infamv. 2. Depraved discourse, infamous speech. 3. Roguery, rascality, knavery, knavishness, dishonesty, trickery, crime, sin, iniquity. Yinaigrette, n. Smelling-bottle. Vlndble, a. Conquerable, superable. Vinculum, «. [L. pi. ymcula.'j bond, tie, link, copula, connective, bond of union. Vindicable, a. Justifiable, warrantable, fit, de- fensible, right, proper. Vindicate, v. a. I. Justify, defend, uphold. 2. Assert, maintain, support, stand by, make good, advocate. Vindication, n. I. Justification, defence, excuse, apology. 2. Assertion, maintenance, support. Vindicator, ». I. Assertor, pleader, advocate. 2. Defender, champion, justifier. Vindictive, a. Revengeful, unforgiving, unre- lenting, implacable, vengeful, rancorous, malevo- lent, malicious, malignant, spiteful. Vine-fretter, «, Aphis, plant-louse, puceron, vine-grub. Vinegar, «, Acetic acid {dilute and impure). Vinegar, a. Sour, acid. Vinery, «. Grapery. Viola, «. Tenor-viol, alto-viol bratsche. Violate, «'. a. I. Injure, liurt. 2. Break, infringe, transgress, invade, break through, trench upon, encroach upon, set at ' naught, disobey. 3. Profane, desecrate, pollute, do violence to. 4. Abuse, outrage, ravish, deflour, debauch, constuprate, defile, commit rape upon, pollute. Violation, «. I. Interruption. 2. Infringement, transgression, breaking, breach, non-observance. 3. Profanation, desecration pollution. 4. Ravishment, ravishing, rape, constupration, defloration, defilement, stupration, pollution, de- bauchment. Violence, ». I. Vehemence, impetuosity, boister- ousness, force. 2. Passion, fury, fierceness, wildness, rage. 3. Outrage, injustice, injury, wrong. 4. Sharpness, acuteness, severity, poignancy, intensity. 5. Ravishment, rape, constu|5ration. Violent, a. I. Boisterous, furious, impetuous, vehement, turbulent, tumultuous, wild. 2. Fierce, fiery, fuming, raging, ungovernable, infuriate, passionate, high, hot. 3. Unnatural, effected by force. 4. Unjust, outrageous. 5. Sharp, severe, acute, poignant, intense, exquisite. Violin, n. Fiddle, kit. Violoncello, «. Bass-viol. Violono' I **■ Contra-basso, double-bass. Viper, «. I. Poisonous snake. 2. Wretch, reptile, serpent, snake, adder, scorpion. Viperous, a. Malignant, poisonous, venomous, viperish. Virago, «. I. Female warrior, amazon. 2. Termagant, vixen, shrew, Tartar, brawler, scold, Xantippe, fury. Virescent, a. Greenish, slightly green, vlrldes- cent. Virgate, a. {Bot.) Wand-shaped. Virgin, «. Maid, maiden, girl, lass, damsel. Virgin, a. I. Chaste, pure, undefiled, unpolluted, stainless, maidenly. 2. Fresh, unused, untouched, new, maiden. 3. Maidenly, modest. Virginity, n. Maidenhood. Vilidescent, a. {Bot.) Greenish, slightly green, virescent. Viridity, n. Greenness, verdancy, verdure, virid- ness. Virile, a. I. Of a man. VIRILITY 472 VOCALIST 2* Manly, masculine, vigorous. Virility* «. I. Manhood, maturity. 2. Masculinity, masculineness, male energy. 3. Manliness, manly vigor, masculine force. VirtUt «. [It.] I. Taste for curiosities, love of the fine arts, dilettanteism. 2. Curiosities, objects of art or of antiquity {taken collectively). Virtual; by the action of water, drag off, Wash out. ) draw off, carry off. Washboard, n. I. Skirting-board, mop-board, base-board, surbase. 2. {Naut.) Wasteboard. Washerwoman, «. Laundress, Washing, «. Ablution, lavation, bathing. Wash one's hands of. Exonerate one's self from, clear one's skirts from. Washy, a. I. Watery, damp, moist, oozy, wet, sloppy. 2. Weak, thin, dilute, watery. 3. Vapid, trashy, spiritless, pointless, feeble, poor, unmeaning, trumpery, worthless, jejune, wishy-washy {colloq.). Waspish, a. I. Irritable, irascible, petulant, snappish, pettish, snarly, peevish, captious, testy, fretful, splenetic, touchy, choleric. 2. Slender, small-waisted, slim. Wassail, «. Carousal, revelry, revels, saturnalia, debauch, orgies, potation, compotation, convivial entertainment, jollification, drunken bout. Waste, V. a. I. Decrease, diminish, wear, cor- rode, use up, prey upon, wear away, consume, wear out, impair gradually, diminish by constant loss. 2. Consume {foolishly), spend, expend, squan- der, dissipate, lose, misspend, misuse, fool away, fritter away, muddle away, use prodigally. 3. Spend in vain, expend uselessly, lavish, squander, dissipate. 4. Destroy, desolate, ravage, pillage, plunder, strip, ruin, spoil, devastate, sack, devour. 5. {Law.) Damage, impair, injure. Waste, V. n. I. Dwindle, wither, pine, perish, decay, be diminished, waste away. 2. Swale, melt {as a candle), sweal, consume. Waste, a. I. Destroyed, ruined, ravaged, spoiled, devastated, desolated, stripped, bare. 2. Dreary, dismal, forlorn. 3. Wild, uncultivated, bare, untilled, unoccu- pied, unimproved. 4. Worthless, refuse, valueless, useless. 5. Superfluous, exuberant. Waste, n. I. Consumption, loss, diminution, decrement, expenditure, wasting, dissipation, wear and tear. 2. Squandering, prodigality, wanton destruc- tion, loss. 3. Devastation, ravage, ruin, rapine, destruc- tion, desolation, pillage, havoc. 4. Refiise, worthless matter, rubbish. 5. Wild, wilderness, desert, solitude, lonely place, deserted region. 6. Dreary void, expanse. WASTEBOARD 477 WAX-PAINTING Wasteboard, «. {N'aut.) Washboard. Wasteful, a. I. Destructive, ruinous 2. Lavish, prodigal, protuse, extravagant, thriftless, unthrifty, too free, too Uberal, im- WDrovident. aster, «. Squanderer, prodigal, spendthrift. Wasting:, «. Decay, decline, consumption, maras- mus, emaciation, atrophy, tabes, phthisis. Watch, n I. Vigil, watching, wakefulness, watchfulness, outlook. 2. Inspection, observation, attention. 3. Guard, sentry, watchman 4. Pocket timepiece. Watch, V. n. I. Wake, be awake, keep awake, not be asleep, keep vigil. 2. Keep guard, keep watch and ward, stand guard, be on guard, be on the watch, act as senti- nel, be on the lookout, look sharp, keep a sharp lookout, have all one's eyes about one. 3. Wait, look, be expectant, seek opportu- nity. Watch, V. a. I. Guard, tend, attend, have \n keeping. 2. Mark, observe, eye, keep the eye on, keep an eye upon, keep in view, not lose sight of. Watcnful, a. Vigilant, attentive, observant, awake, alive, heedful, careful, wary, cautious, circumspect, guarded, on one's guard, on the alert, with the eyes open, wide-awake, on the lookout, wakeful Watch-house, «. I. Guard-house. 2. Lock-up, police-station. Watching, «. I. Attention. 2. Sleeplessness, vigilance. Watchman, n. Guard, sentinel, picket, sentry, guardsman. Watch over. Be cautiously observant of, inspect, superintend, guard from danger. Watch-pocket, « Fob. Watchword, «. Countersign, password. Water, v a. I. Irrigate, moisten, wet 2. Supply with water {/or drmk), furnish with water, give water to. 3. Sprinkle and calender {as cloth, to give it an undulating or wavy appearance). Water, v. «. I. Shed water. 2. Take in water, get water. Water-bearer, «. Aquarius. Water-beech, «. Sycamore, buttonwood, plane- tree, biitton-ball-tree, water-birch (/^/a/awjw occi- dentnlis). Water-bellows, n. sing, and //. Tromp. Water-board, «. {Naut.) Weather-board. Water-boatman, «. {E?it.) Boat-fly. Water-brash, «. Water-qualm, pyrosis. Water-clock, «. Clepsydra. Water-closet, «. Privy, backhouse, necessary, Wakes. ater-course, «. L Stream, brook, river. 2. Canal, drain, trench, ditch, channel, fosse, moat, sewer, leat. Water-crake, «. See Water-ousel. Water-crow, «. See Water-ouseu Water-cure, «. Hvdropathy. Water-doctor, «. Hydropathist. Watered silk. Tabby. Water-elder, n. {Bot.) Guelder-rose, snowball- tree ( yiburnitnt opulis^. Water-elephant, «. Hippopotamus. Waterfall, «. Cataract, cascade, fall. Water-hen, «. Gallinule, spotted crake {Crex Wiorzana or Gallinula chloropus) . ater-hog, «. Capibara, cabiai {Hydrochatnis capybara). Waterish, a. I. Aqueous, moist, wet, watery, 2. Thin, diluted, weak, like water, watery. Waterman, n. Boatman, ferryman. I Water-mole, «. I. Shrew-mole {Scalops aquati- cus). 2. Duck-bill, ornithorynchus, platypus, mul- langong, tambreet {Ornithorynchus paradoxus). Water-nymph, «. Naiad. Water-oats, M. /»/. {Bot.) Canada-rice, Indian- rice {Zizania aquaticd). Water-ousel, I «. Dipper, water-crake, water- Water-OUZel, I crow {Cinclus aquaticus). Water-pepper, « Smart- weed {Folyganum hy- dropiper). Water-pimpernel, «. Brookweed. Water-poise, «. Hydrometer, areometer. Water-pOX, «. {Med.) Varicella. ^ I Water -qualm, «. Water-brash, pyrosis. Water-ram, «. Hydraulic-ram. Water-rat, «. I. M usk-rat, musquash (0«^^m zibethicus). 2. Pirate. Water-ret, v. a. Water-rot. Water-rice, «. Indian-rice, Canada-rice, water- oats {Zizania aquatica). Water-rot, v. a. Water-ret. Water-screw, n. Propeller. Water-soldier, «. {Bot.) Water-aloe {Stratiotes aloides). Water-sparrow, «. Chuck, reed-sparrow, reed- bunting, king-bird {Ember iza schcenicltts) Water-spider, «. Water-tick. Water-trefoil, n. {Bot.) Marsh trefoil, bog- bean, buck-bean {Menyanthes tri/oliata). Water-violet, «. Feat her foil. Watery, a. I. Aqueous. 2. Thin, weak, diluted, waterish, like water. 3. Tasteless, insipid, vapid, spiritless- 4. Wet, moist. 5. Of water. Watling-Street, «. Verlam-street. Wattle, n. Hurdle {of twigs). Wave, n. I. Undulation, billow, breaker, surge, swell, ripple. 2. Wave of vibration. 3. Water. 4. Unevenness, inequality of surface. Wave, V. n. I. Undulate, float, play loosely, play to and fro. 2. Be moved {as a signal). Wave, V. a. I. Brandish, flourish. 2. Beckon, signal. 3. Put off, cast off, cast away, reject. 4. Relinquish. Waveless, a. Smooth, calm, placid, undisturbed. Wavelike, a. Undulating. Waver, v. n. I. Wave, undulate, float, flicker. 2. Totter, reel, be in danger of falling. 3. Vacillate, hesitate, fluctuate, be in suspense, be undetermined, be unsettled, be in doubt. Wavering, «. I. Vacillation, fluctuation. 2. Indecision, indeterminatlon, hesitancy, un- certainty, irresolution, vacillation, fluctuation. Wavering, a Unsettled, vacillating, fickle, un- steady, unstable, changeable, fluctuating. Waveson, «. {Eng.Law.) Flotsam. Wavy, a. Undulating, waving, playing to and fro. Wax, V. a. Cere, smear with wax. Wax, V. n. I. Increase (as the moon), become larger, become fuller. 2. Grow, become, come to be, get to be. Waxen, a. I. Wax-like, waxy. 2. Soft, yielding, tender. 3. Wax-covered. 4. Of wax. Wax-moth, «. Bee-moth. Wax-myrtle, «. Bayberry, candleberry-tree {Myrica cerifera). Wax-painting, «. Encaustic. WAX-WING 478 WEATHER Wax-wing:, «. [U. S.'i Cedar-bird {Ampelis Caroliftensis). Wax- work, «. I. Wax figures. 2. Climbing bitter-sweet (Celastrus scandens). Waxy, a. I. Viscid, adhesive, tenacious. 2. Yielding, pliable. Way, «. I. Passage, march," advance, progres- sion. 2. Road, path, route, course, track, street, highway, highroad, room for passing, oppor- tunity to pass, passage. 3. Method, mode, manner, fashion. 4. Space, distance, interval. 5. Custom, usage, habit, habitude, practice, wont, second nature, regular course, habitual method, plan of conduct, mode of deahng. 6. Scheme, device, means by which anything is reached. 7. Course, direction of motion, tendency of action. 8. Determined course, resolved mode of ac- tion. 9. {Naut.) Progress. Wayfarer, «. Traveller, passenger, pilgrim, itin- erant. Wayfaring, a. Travelling, passing. Waylay, v. a. Lie in wait for {with evil intent), lie in ambush for. Wayless, a. Pathless, trackless. Ways and means. I. Methods, resources, facil- ities. 2. {Legislation.) Means for raising money, resources for revenue. Ways of God. His providential government. Wayward, a. Perverse, froward, wilful, obsti- nate, headstrong, stubborn, intractable, unruly, cross-grained, refractory, capricious, self-willed, contrary, captious. Wa3rwlser, «. Pedometer, odometer, perambu- lator Wayworn, a. Wearied by travelling, travel- stained, footsore, weary, fatigued. Weak, a. I. Feeble, languid, weakly. 2. Sickly, debilitated, unhealthy, unsound, in- firm, tender, valetudinary, valetudinarian, invalid, frail, delicate, fragile. 3. Defenceless, unguarded, exposed, unpro- tected. 4. Soft, pliant 5. Pliable, pusillanimous, easily influenced, without any backbone, irresolute. 6. Shallow, simple, silly, senseless, witless, stupid, foolish, childish, imbecile. 7. Unwise, injudicious. 8. Indiscreet, erring, peccable, foolish, im- prudent. 9. Feeble. 10. Low, faint, small, feeble, piping, womanish. 11. Thin, watery, diluted, waterish, insipid, tasteless. 12. Sleazy, flimsy, shght, poor, trifling, feeble, frivolous. 13. Poor, inconclusive, unconvincing, unsat- isfactory, lame, illogical, vague. 14. Accessible, assailable, vulnerable. 15. Unsustained, unsupported. 16. Ineffective, inefficient, inefficacious. 17. Unsound, unsafe, untrustworthy, frail, un- substantial. 18. Infirm, unstable, unsteady, undecided, wavering, unsettled. 19. Ineffectual. 20. Powerless. 21. Delicate, frail, fragile. 22. Small, slight, slender, inconsiderable. Weaken, v. a. I. Enfeeble, enervate, debilitate, unnerve, make weak. 2. Invalidate, make of less eflfect. 3. Reduce, depress, debase, lower, impair. Weaker vessel. Woman. Weak-fish, «. Squeteague {Labrus squeteague or Onolitlius regalis). Weak-headed, a. See Weak-minded. Weakly, a. Feeble, weak, infirm. Weak-minded, a. Shallow, weak, soft, sappy, feeble-minded, short-witted, half-witted, weak- headed. Weakness, «. See Weak, under its various senses. Weal, «• Welfare, prosperity, good, advantage, happiness, interest, utility, profit. Wealth, n. Affluence, opulence, abundance, for- tune, independence, competence, riches, mam- mon, pelf, money, treasure, funds, cash, property. Wealthy, a. Affluent, opulent, rich, moneyed, flush, well-off, well-to-do. Wean, v. a. I. Put from the breast. 2. Withdraw, disengage, alienate, detach, rec- oncile to the loss of anything. Wean, «. Weanling. Weaponless, a. Unarmed. Weapons, «. pi. Arms. Wear, v. a. I. Carry {upon the person), bear, have on. 2. Bear, have an appearance of, exhibit in ap- pearance. 3. Use up by having upon one. 4. Impair Cby use), waste, consume by use, use up, wear away, wear out. 5. Impair, waste, diminish, consume gradually, spend, cause to disappear, 6. Cause by friction, occasion by wasting. 7. Affect by degrees, bring about gradually. 8. {Naut.) [Written also Ware^ Veer. Wear, v. «. I. Be wasted, wear away. 2. Endure use, last under employment. 3. Suffer injury by use, be wasted, be con- sumed, be diminished by use. 4. Be tediously spent, be consumed by slow degrees. Wear away. I. {Active.) Waste, consume, im- pair, diminish, destroy by gradual attrition, wear. 2. Consume, spend tediously, use up. Wear away. {Neuter.) Be consumed, be wasted. Wearied, a. Tired, fatigued, jaded, fagged, ex- hausted, weary. Weariness, «. Fatigue, lassitude, exhaustion, prostration, languor, languidness. Wearisome, a. Tedious, tiresome, fatiguing, an- noying, weary, vexatious, trying, humdrum, prosy, monotonous, uninteresting, irksome. Wear off . {Active.) I. Obliterate, rub oflF, 2. Diminish by attrition, rub off Wear off. {Neuter.) Pass off by degrees or grad- ually. Wear out. I. Consume, render useless, waste. 2. Consume tediously. 3. Harass, tire. 4. Waste the strength of. Weary, «• I* Fatigued, tired, exhausted, wea- ried. 2. Tiresome, irksome, wearisome. Weary, v. a. I. Fatigue, tire, jade, fag, exhaust, tire out, wear out. 2. Make impatient by continuance. 3. Harass, irk, dispirit. Weary out. Subdue by fatigue, exhaust com- pletely. Weasand, «• Windpipe, trachea, throttle, throat. Weasel-coot, «. Red-headed smew {Mergus minutus). Weather, v. a. I. {Naut) Pass to windward of, pass between the wind and. 2. Endure, sustain, bear, stand, bear up WEATHER A POINT 479 WELL-GROUNDED against, get the better of, resist, encounter and sustain. Weather a point. I. Gain a point toward the wind 2. Gain or accomplish anything against op- position. weather-cock, «. I. Vane, weather-vane. 2. Trimmer, time-server, fickle person, cha- meleon. Weather out. Encounter successfully, though with difficulty ; endure. Weave, v. a. i. Interlace (as the threads of a fabric), intwine, plait, plat, braid, mat. 2. Unite intimately, un:te by close connection or intermixture. 3. Compose, form into a fabric. Weave, v «. Work a loom, practise weaving. Weazen, a. Thin, sharp, lean, withered, shrunk- en, dried, shrivelled, wizened. Web, n. I. Texture, tissue, structure, textile fabric 2. Suffusion {of the eye), film. 3. Cobweb 4. Membrane {as in the feet of s^vimniing birds). Web-footed, a. Palmiped. Wed, V. a. I. Marry, espouse. 2. Join in marriage, give in wedlock. 3. Attach firmly, unite closely in affection. 4. Unite forever, connect indissolubly. Wed, V. n. Marry, contract matrimony. Wedding, «. Marriage, nuptials, espousals, bri- dal, marriace ceremony, nuptial rites. Wedee-Shaped, a, Cuneiform. Wedlock, n. Matrimony, nuptial state, marriage. Wee, a. Little, small, diminutive, tiny, minikin, WDygmy, pygmean, Liliputian. eed, V. a. I. Rid of weeds, free from noxious plants. 2. Root out, extirpate, take away, remove, eradicate 3. Free, rid Weeds, «. //. Mourning, symbol of sorrow. Week-day, «. Work-day. Weekly, a. Hebdomadal, hebdomadary. Ween, v. n. {Poetical.) Fancy, imagine, think, suppose. Weep, V. n. I. Cry, sob, shed tears. 2. Lament, complain. 3. Flow in drops, run in drops. 4. Drip, drop water. 5. Droop, be pendent. Weep, V a. I. Lament, bewail, bemoan. 2. Shed, pour forth, drop, shed drop by drop. Weft,«. Woof. Weigh, V. a. I. Bear up, raise, swing up, lift so that It hangs in the air. 2. Try in the balance, find the weight of, de- termine the heaviness of 3. Counterbalance, be equivalent to in weight, have the heaviness of. 4. Pay, allot, take by weight. 5. Examine, ponder, balance in the mind, meditate upon, estimate deliberately, balance. 6. Regard, esteem as worthy of notice. Wei?h, V. n. I. Gravitate, be heavy. 2. Bear, press, bear heavily, press hard. Wei?h down. I. (Active.) Overbalance. 2. Oppress, overburden, depress. Weigh down. (Neuter.) Sink by its own weight. Weight, n. I. Heaviness, gravity, ponderous- ness, ponderosity. 2. Pressure, burden, load. 3. Importance, influence, power, efficacy, con- sequence, moment, significance, import, pith. 4. Scale, mode of estimating weight, measure, system of weighing. Weight, V. a. Load, make heavy, load down. Weightily, ad. I. Heavily, ponderously. 2. Forcibly, impressively, significantly. Weightiness, «. I. Ponderousness, gravity, heav- iness. 2. Solidity, force, impressiveness. 3. Importance, gravity, consequence, moment. Weighty, a. I. Heavy (iidrinsically\ ponder- ous, onerous. 2. Important, influential, eflScacious, forcible, momentou.s, grave, serious, of consequence. Weir, «. [Written also Wear^ Wier, and iVere.^ Dam. Weird, n. I. Fate, destiny. 2. Si>e]l, charm. 3. Prediction. Weird, a. I. Skilled in witchcraft. 2. Supernatural, unearthly, wild. Weird Sisters. \Scotch.\ The Fates, the Sisters three, Parcce. Welcome, «. I. Greeting, salutation. 2. Kind reception. Welcome, v. a. Greet, receive, bid welcome. Welcome, a. I. Gladly received or entertained, admitted with pleasure. 2. Acceptable, pleasing, agreeable, pleasant, grateful, gratifying. 3. Free to have, free to enjoy gratuitously. Welcome, interj. You are welcome. Weld, «. [Written also Wold, IVoad, Woald, and IVould.] Dyer's weed (Reseda luteola). Welfare, «. Prosperity, happiness, success, weal, well-being, advantage, benefit, profit. Welkin, «. (Poetical). Sky, empyrean, firma- ment, heaven, the heavens, canopy of heaven, vault of heaven, starry heavens- Well, «. I. Spring, fountain, well-head, well- spring. 2. Source, origin. Well, V. n. Issue, spring, flow. Well, ad. I. Rightly, justly, in a proper manner. 2. Properly, suitably, correctly, accurately, thoroughly, skilfully, not amiss. 3. Sufficiently, abundantly, amply, fully, thor- oughly, adequately. 4. Favorably, commendably, with praise. 5. Highly, very much. 6. Far, considerably, not a little. 7. Conveniently, easily. Well, a. I. Healthy, hale, hearty, in health, sound, in good health. 2. Fortunate, happy. 3. Profitable, convenient, beneficial, expedi- ent, good, useful, advantageous, for one's advan- tage, for one's interest. 4. Favored, fortunate, beins: in favor. Well-a-day, interj. Alas, lackaday. Well-appointed, a. Fully furnished, well- enuipped. Well-authenticated, a. Supported by good au- thority, trustworthy, well-founded. Well-behaved, a. Courteous, civil, polite, well- bred, well-mannered, polished, of good manners. Well-being, «. See Welfare. Well-bom, a. Gentle, high-born, of good de- scent, of a good stock Well-bred, a. Refined, polished, polite, cour- teous, cultivated. Well-doing, «. Right conduct, good actions, up- right deeds. Well enough. Tolerably, sufficiently well, so as to give sati.'^faction, moderately well. Well-favored, a. Good-looking, comely, person- able, plea.'sing to the eye. Well-founded, a. I. Authentic 2. Well-grounded Well-grounded, a. I. Well-founded. WELL-HEAD 480 WHEREWITH 2. Well-prepared, well-instructed, well-in- formed, well-read, well-taught. Well-head, «. Spring, fountain, well, well-spring, source. Well-informed, a. Correctly informed, provided with information, intelligent, well furnished with knowledge. Well-intentioned, a. Well-meaning. Well-known, a. Widely known, fully known, generally known. Well-mannered, a. See Well-behaved. Well-meaning, a. Well-intentioned. Well-meant, a. Friendly, kind, rightly intended. Well-nigh, ad Almost, nearly. Well-off, a. Prosperous, thriving, flourishing, fore- handed, beforehand, in easy circumstances, well- to-do, possessed of a competence, m good con- dition. Well-read, a. Erudite, learned, lettered, literary, book-learned Well read in. Deeply versed in. Well-spring, n. Spring, fountain, well, well-head, source of continual supply. Well-timed, a. Opportune, seasonable, timely, happy, felicitous, all in good time. Well-to-do, a. Well-off. Well-wisher, n. Friend, favorer, encourager. Welter, y. n. I. Wallow, tumble about, roll. 2. Rise and fall {as waves), tumble over {as billows)- Wench, n. I. Strumpet. 2. SJJ. S.^ Negress, colored woman. Wend, V. n. Go, pass, betake one's self Wend, V. a. Direct, betake Wend one's way. Go, travel, journey, pass. Were-WOlf, «. [Written also Wehr-wolf.\ Man- wolf. Wesleyanism, «. Methodism. West, n. Occident. West, a. Western, westerly, occidental. Westerly, a. Western, west. Westerly, ad. I. Westward, toward the west. 2. From the west. Western, a. I, West, occidental. 2. Westerly, toward the west, westward. Westward, ad. Westerly, toward the west. Wet, a. I. Damp, moist, humid, dank. 2. Rainy, showery, very damp. Wet, «. I. Humidity, moisture, dampness, wet- ness. 2. Rainy weather, foggy or misty weather. Wet, V. a. Moisten, damp, dampen, sprinkle, soak. Wetness, n. I. Moisture, humidity, 2. Fogginess, mistiness, wet. Whale-bone, « Baleen, whale-fin. Whale-oil, «. Train-oil. Whame, n. Burrel-fly, ox-fly, gad-fly. Wharf, «. Quay. What,/r Stitch baste, sew lightly, overcast. 7. Wrap, inwrap, overlay with cord 8. Snatch, jerk, whisk, take by a sudden motion. Whip and spur. With the utmost haste, with sail and steam, veils et remis. Whip-hand, «. Advantage, upper-hand, better. Whip in. I. Drive in, keep from scattering. 2. Collect in, keep together. Whipping, n. Flogging, beating, castigation, thrashing. Whipple-tree, « Whiffle-tree. Whip-staff, «. Tiller, Whip-stock, n. Whip-stalk, whip-stick. Whirl, V. n Twirl, revolve, rotate, spin. Whirl, V. a. Twirl spin, wheel, turn round. Whirl, n Gyratiot , rotation. Whirl-bone, «. Pa ella, knee-pan. Whirling-, «. Twirl, circular motion. Whirlpool, n Vortex, eddy. Whirlwind, « Cyclone Whirring, «. Whu, buzzing noise. 31 Whisk, V. n. I. Trip, speed, hasten, hie, post, scud, brush, move nimbly, push on, dash on, cut along. 2. Brush Whisper, v. «. Speak under the breath, speak softly Whisper, v a Breathe, utter softly. Wllisper, «. I. Whispering, susurrus. 2. Low, soft voice , gentle utterance. 3. Murmur, sibilant sound {as of the wind). 4. Hint, intimation, inkling. Whist, /w/^ry. Hush, silence, be still, be silent, keep quiet, make no noise. Whistle-fish, n. Rockiing, sea-louch {Motella vulgaris). Whit, n Iota, jot, tittle, particle, bit, atom, grain, scrap, mite, ace, scintilla. White, a. I. Of a white color, snowy, frosty, hoary, hoar. 2. Pale, wan, destitute of color, pallid. 3. Pure, clean, spotless, unblemished 4. Gray. 5. Happy, fortunate, innocent. White-ant, «. Termite, termes. White-bear, ». Polar-bear {Thalarctos maritt- vius). White bismuth. Sub-nitrate of bismuth. White-brant, n. Snow-goose (Anser hyper- boreus) White-cedar, n. Arbor vitae {Thuja occiden- talis) White-copper, «. Packfong, German silver. White- copperas, «. Coquunbite. White-ear, «. Fallow-finch, wheat-ear {Saxicola a?nattthe). Wllite-lead, n. Ceruse, carbonate of lead. Whiten, v. a. I. Bleach, blanch, etiolate, make white. 2. Cover with white, make white. Whiten, v n Bleach, blanch, etiolate, become or crow white. White-nun, «. Smew {Mergus albellus). White- poplar, «. Abele-tree ( Populus alba) White-smith, «. Tin-smith. White-thorn, «. Hawthorn (Crataegus oxya- cant ha) White- vitriol, «. Sulphate of zinc. White-weed, «. White daisy, ox-eye daisy {Leu- canthemum vulgare). White-wood, «. Tulip-tree {Liriodendron tulip- ifera). Whither, ad. I. To what place. 2. To which place. Whiting, n. I. Spanish white. 2. {Ich.) Merling {Gadus merlangus). Whitish, a. Somewhat white. Whitlow, «. {Med) Felon. Whit-Sunday, n. See Whit.suntidk. Whitsuntide, «. Whit-Sunday, Pentecost. Whiz, V. n. Buzz, whir. Whiz, «. Whirring, buzzing, buzzing noise. Whole, a. I. All, total. 2. Entire, undivided, integral, complete. 3. Uninjured, unimpaired, unbroken, perfect, faultless, good, firm, strong. 4. Sound, well, healthy Whole, n. All, total, totality, aggregate, gross, amount, sum, sum total. Wholesome, a. I. Healthy, healthful, salubrious, salutary, sahitiferous, helpful, nourishing, nutri- tious, strengthening, invigorating, roborant. 2. Beneficial, salutary, helpful, improving, good. 3. Sound, healthv, uncorrupt, fresh. Wholly, ad. I. Totally, altogether, utterly. 2. Entirely, completely, fully, perfectly. Whoop, n. Shout, halloo, hoot, yell. WHOOp 482 WING Whoopy V. ft. Shout, halloo, hollo, holla, yell, cry out. Whooping-cough, «. [Written also Hooping- cough.'\ Chin-cough. Whopper, «. {Colioq.) Falsehood, lie, bounce, bouncer. Whore, «. Harlot, prostitute, strumpet, courtesan, bawd, punk, drab, demirep, street-walker, night- walker, Cyprian, woman of the town, woman of ill fame- Why, ad. I. Wherefore, for what cause or rea- son, on what account. 2. For what purpose, with what intent, to what end. Wicked, a, I. Sinful, vicious, depraved, unprin- cipled, immoral, impious, irreligious, unrighteous, ungodly, godless, profane, irreverent, worthless, graceless, vile, abandoned, corrupt. 2. Bad, evil, unjust, ill, atrocious, iniquitous, heinous, flagitious, nefarious, criminal, outrage- ous, monstrous, villanous. Wickedness, « I. Sin, evil, depravity, vice, immorality, unrighteousness, sinfulness, crime, criminality, villany, 2. Atrocity, iniquity, enormity, flagitiousness. Wicker, «. Twig, osier, withe. Wide, «. I. Broad. 2. Spacious, vast, large, ample, extensive, expanded. 3. Remote, distant. Wide-awake, a. Watchful, vigilant, attentive, observant, heedful, careful, wary, cautious, cir- cumspect, on the alert, with the eyes open. Width, n. Breadth, broadness, wideness. Wield, V a. I. Handle, brandish. 2, Manage, use, control, make use of Wife, ft Married woman, matron, helpmate, con- sort, spouse, mate, partner, better half, wife of one's bosom, gray mare. Wig, «. Peruke, periwig, scratch. Wight, «. [/« irony or burlesque. '\ Creature, being, person Wigwam, «. Hut {of an Atttericatt Iftdian), cabin, tepee. Wild, a. I. Undomesticated, untamed. 2. Uncultivated, native. 3. Uncivilized, savage, rude, ferocious, bar- barous, unrefined, untamed. 4. Impetuous, turbulent, irregular, violent, ungoyerned, unrestrained, disorderly, furious, frantic, frenzied, outrageous. 5. Giddy, reckless, thoughtless, hare-brained, inconsiderate, heedless, light-headed, harum- scarum {colloq.'^. 6. Fanciful, imaginary, extravagant, visionary, crazy, grotesque, strange, bizarre. Wild, «. Desert. See Wilderness. Wild-bean, «. Ground-nut {Apios tuberosa). Wild-hriar, «. Dog-rose, hep-tree {Rosa canimi)- Wilderness, « Wild, desert, waste. Wild ginger> Canada snake-root. Wild-goose chase. Foolish pursuit, foolish en- terprise, wool-gathering. Wile, « Trick, stratagem, cheat, fraud, chicane, chicanery, artifice, chouse, imposture, deceit, im- position, deception, ruse, dodge, fetch, manoeuvre, cunning contrivance, crafty device. Wilful, a. [Written also IVtU/ul.'] I. Obstinate, stubborn, perverse, contumacious, refractory, headstrong, unruly, intractable, mulish, dogged, inflexible, heady, self-willed, pig-headed, obdu- rate, cantankerous. 2. Self-willed, arbitrary, capricious. Will, ft. I. Power of determination, power of choosing, faculty of volition, volition. 2. Resolution, resoluteness, determination, decision, self-reliai^ce, fprce of wiUr 3. Wish, desire, inclination, disposition, pleas- ure. 4. Command, behest, order, direction. 5. Testament, last will and testament. Will, V. a, I, Determine, decree, enjoin, com- mand, direct 2. Bequeath, devise, demise, leave, give by will. Will, V. ft. I. Exercise volition. 2. Desire, choose, elect, be disposed, be in- clined, be pleased, have a mind. Willing, a. Inclined, disposed, desirous, minded, ready, of a mind, nothing loath, not averse. Willing, ft. Volition, resolution, resolving, deter, mining, determination. Willingly, ad. I. Cheerfully, readily, gladly, with all one's heart. 2. Voluntarily, of one's own accord, spontane- ously Will-o'-the-wisp, «. Friar's lantern, Jack-with- a-lantern. Jack-o'-lantern, igfiis /atuus. Willow, ft. Osier. Wilt, V. ft. \Cotnfnon in U. S., local in Eng.] Droop, wither. Wily, a. Insidious, artful, cunning, sly, crafty, subtle, arch, designing, deceitful, treacherous, trickish, tricky, intriguing, politic, foxy, snaky, crooked, diplomatic, Machiavelian. Win, V. a. I. Get (by mastery or in cofnpetition), gain, obtain, procure, acquire, earn, achieve, catch. ^ 2. Bring over, gain over, get the compliance of. Win, V. n. I. Succeed, be successful, gain the victory, 2. [Archaic or poetical.] Reach, get, arrive. Wince, v. « Flinch, shrink, startle, start back. Wind, ft. I. Air (ift ffiotioti). draught, breeze, zephyr, puff of air, breath of air 2. Breath, respiration. _ 3. Flatulence. Wind, V. a. I. Coil, twine, twist, wreathe. ^ 2. Turn in and out. Wind, V. n. I. Twine, coil, twist, turn and twist, take a spiral course. 2. Meander, turn in and out, bend, curve, be devious, be tortuous. Windfall, « Godsend, unexpected gift, stroke of luck or good fortune, good luck, run of luck, {jiece of good fortune, piece of good luck. Wind-flower, « Anemone. Windhover, «. Castrel, kestrel, stannel {Falco tinnnnculus). Winding, n Flexure, turning, meandering, twist- ing, twist, convolution, contortion, sinuosity, cur- vature, tortuosity, bend, crook, kink, crooked- ness. Winding, a. Flexuous. sinuous, meandering, serpentine, bending, curving. Winding up. End, conclusion, catastrophe, di- ftouement, issue. Wind off. Unwind, uncoil. Windpipe, n. Trachea, weasand, throttle, throat. Wind-thrush, «. Redwing, swine-pipe, red- sided thrush ( Turdus iliacus). Wind up. I. Wind into a ball, coil, coil up, roll up. 2. Settle, close, close up, bring to a close or conclusion. Windy, a. I. Breezy, gusty, squally, stormy, tempestuous, blustering, boisterous. 2. Empty, airy, hollow, inflated. 3. Flatulent. Wine-Whber, «. Toper, tippler, drunkard, dramr drinker, hard drinker, intemperate man. Wine-stone, «. Argol, tartar {crude) y bi- tartrate of potash. Wing, n. I. Pennon, pinion. WING-CASE 483 WITHIN 2. Side-piece. 3. {Mil.) Flank. Wing-case, «. (£"«/.) .Sheath. Winged, a. I. With wings, having wings. ^ 2. Swift, rapid, fleet, fast, speedy, nimble, agile, flying. Win g:olden opinions. Be liked, be in favor, gain commendation, get great praise. Wink, V. n. Blink, nictate. Wink at. Connive at, overlook, pretend not to see, shut one's eyes to. Winker, «. Blinder {/or a horse). Winking, «■ Nictation. Winning, « Attractive, alluring, pleasing, charm- ing, bewitching, engaging, captivating, fascinat- ing, prepossessing, enchanting, delightful, lovely. Winaow, ». a, I. Fan, clear of chaff. 2. Separate, part, divide, sift. Winsome, a. {_Scotland and North of England. ] Cheerful, merry, gay, lively, sportive, blithe, blithesome, buoyant, jocund, light-hearted, deb- onair. Winter, v. n. Hibernate. Winter-clover, «. Checkerberry, partridge -berry, squaw- vine (Mitchella repens). Winter-green, «. I. Boxberry, teaberry, par- tridge-berry, mountain-tea {Gaultheria procum- bens). 2« Pipsissewa {Chimaphila umhellata). Winto^' I "" ^y^'"^^ brumal, cold, icy, frosty. Wipe, V. a. Rub {as "with a cloth, in order to clean or dry). Wipe, «. I. Wiping, 2. {Collog.) Blow, stroke, hit. 3. Sneer, gibe, taunt, sarcasm. 4. (Ornith.) Pewit, lapwing ( Fiiz»^//«f cris- talus). Wipe out. Efface, obliterate, erase, expunge, cancel, raze, scratch out, rub out. Wire, «. Metallic thread. Wire, V. a. I. Put upon a wire. 2. Bind with wire. 3. Ensnare by wires. 4. (Recent.) Telegraph, convey by electric telegraph, report by telegram. Wire-grass, «. Crab-grass, dog's-tail grass {Eleu- sifte Indica). Wire-pnller, «. Tactician, manoeuvrer, diplo- matist, adroit manager, pipe-layer. Wisdom, n. I. Sense, understanding, sagacity, judgment, judiciousness, prescience, insight, discernment, depth, profundity, solidity, good sense, enlarged views, reach or compass of thought, good judgment, prudence, foresight, knowledge how to live, judgment of ends. 2. Knowledge, erudition, learning, attainment, information, enlightenment. 3. Reasonableness, reason, right or just view. Wise, a. I. Sensible, sage, judicious, sagacious, penetrating, deep, profound, discerning, reason- able, rational, intelligent, enlightened, sound, solid, philosophical, of good judgment. 2. Erudite, learned. 3. Subtle, cunning, crafty, sly, foxy, wily, pol- itic, knowing, designing, long-headed. Wise, n. Manner, way, mode, fashion. Wiseacre, «. Wulingj ignoramus, pretender to wisdom. See Dunce. Wish, V. n. Desire, long, hanker, list. Wish, V. a. I. Bid, direct, want, desire, intend, mean. 2. Desire, want, long for, hanker after, set one's heart upon. Wish, n. I. Desire, want, will, pleasure, behest, best {poetical), mind, intention. 2. Longing, want, desire, hankering, liking. ?S^-£ne.}«- Merry-thought. Wishful, a. Desirous, longing, eager, hankering, wistful. Wish-wash, «. I. Thin drink. 2. Trash, stuff, balderdash, palaver, moon- shine, fudge, nonsense, jargon, prate, prattle, drivel, gibberish, gabble, gibble-gabble, platitude, flummery, inanity, senseless prate, frothy dis- course, idle talk. Wishy-washy,