THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES V the BIBLES i N The Caxton Exhibition r ' We mvft roote ovt Pryntinge Or Pryntinge will roote ovt vs.' ttt THE B I BLES IN the Caxton Exhibition MdcccLxxvii ci ) * Or a bibliographical defcription of nearly one thoufand reprefentative Bibles in various langu ages chronologically arranged from the firft Bible printed by Gutenberg in 1 450-1 456 to the laft Bible printed at the Oxford Univerfity Prefs the 30th June 1877 With an Introduction on the Hiftory or" Printing as illuftrated by the printed Bible from 1450 to 1 877 in which is told for the firft time the true hiftory and myftery of the Coverdale Bible of 1535 Together with bibliographical notes and collations of many rare Bibles in various languages and divers verlions printed during the laft four centuries Special edition revifed and carefully corrected with additions Flavoured with a squeeze of the Saturday Review's homily on Bibles By HenryiStevens Gmb Fsa Ma Etc Sometimes Student in Yale College in Connecticut in New England Now refiding in London Bibliogra pher and Lover of Books Fellow of the Royal Geogr&Zoological Societies of London Foreign Member of the Amer Antiq Society Correfp Member of the Historical Societies of the States of Maffachufetts New York Connecticut Maine Vermont New Jerfey Mary land Pennfylvania& Wifconfin and Secretary of State and American Minifter near Noviomagus Blk Bid Athm Club London And Patriarch of Skull and Bones at Yale Univerfity -"""- =J1-J§ S; jgggg^ .-^=.--5^3 s^^frt-f* L >-^ uw — = — '"~ J^yPM&j^c^Sw^^e^^^^, S^^Liwi»<^W^^r^==JI ■"^»>53S \v^' &3m Bibliography The Tree of Knowledg L° ONDON HENRY STEVENS IV TRAFALGAR SQUARE SCRIBNER WELFORD & ARMSTRONG NEW-YOR Messrs Simpkin Marshall & Co Stationers Hall Court MdcccLxxviii K Entered at Stationers' Hall, London, and Entered, according to Aft of Congrefs, in the year 1878, by Henry Stevens, of Vermont, Citizen of the United States, In the Office of the Librarian of Congrefs, at Wafhington. z TO The Enlightened & Liberty Loving Burgomasters and Council of ANTWE RP Our Ancestors owed their first ENGLISH BIBLE AND THEREFORE TO The Burgomaster and Council of the same ancient and renowned city which ENGLISHMEN & AMERICANS MUST EVER REGARD AS THE CRADLE OF THEIR COVERDALE BIBLE this volume is appropriately inscribed by Henry Stevens of Vermont 1702093 ExtraSl from Het Leven van Emanuel van Meteren kortelijck befchreven door fijnen ghetrouvven Vriendt Simeon Rvytinck, folio 672 of E??ianuel 'van Meteren s Nederlandtfche Hiftorie the edition in folio of 16 14. MANUEL van METEREN, die met grooten vlijt ende vernuft defen Boeck by een veriamelt heeft, was t'Antwerpen ghebooren den 9. Julij 1535. Sijn Vader hiet Jacob van Meteren van Breda, Sone van Cornelius van Meteren. Sijn Moeder hiet Ottilia Ortels, dochter van Willem Ortelsvan Aufborch,die Groot- vader was vanden wijdt-beroemden Wereldt-befchrijver, Abrahamus Ortclius. Sijn Vader infijnleucht hadde gheleert die Edele Konfte van't Letter fetten, hy was begaeft met de kennifTe van veelderley Talen, ende andere goede wetenfchappen, wift van in die tijden 't licht t'onderfcheyden van duyfternifTe, ende bethoonde fijnen byfonderen yver in 't bekoftighen vande overfettinghe ende Druck vanden Enghelfchen Bijbel binnen Antwerpen, daer toe ghe- bruyckende den dienft van een gheleert Student, met namen M iles Couerdal, tot groote bevorder- inghe van het Rijcke Jefu Chrifti in Enghelandt. Sijn Moeder was een Godvreefende ende trooftelijcke Joffrouwe, die infghelijcks de kenniffe der Waerheyt outfangen hadde, ende met haren Man veel daer voor geleden heeft. 'tis ghebeurt (haren Man om fijnen handel na Engelandt ghereyft zijnde) foofe fwangher was van defen Soone,datmen van d'Overheyt weghe, haer Huys is komen befoecken,om Leonard Ortels haren Oom, die daer plach t' huys te liggen, te vangen, om 't pundt vande Religie, ende met eenen to fien offer gheen verboden Boecken te vinden waren ; de wreetheyt van defe Onder- foeckers, beweechde de goede Joffrouwe den Heere vyerichlijcken te bidden, op datfe de felve niet vonden, 't welck oock alloo ghebeurt is, al waft datle verfcheyden-mael de handen op de Kifte leyden daer de Boecken in waren, Godes genadige hulpe ende befcherminge daer in fpeurende, heeft belooft (foofe een Soone baerde) den felven Emanuel te noemen, dat is, God met ons, welcke belofte fy oock volbrocht. Hier uyt heeft Emanuel oorfake genomen, tot fijn Manlijck ver- ftandt gekomen zijnde, by 't woordt Emanuel, ghemeenlijck te voegen, 2>uis contra nos? dat is, Is God met ons, ivie is tegen ons? om aen die voorighe weldaet te beter te gedencken, ende in alle gevaer op den Heere te betrouwen. Sijnen Edelen Vriendt ende Coufijn Daniel Rogerfius, heeft daer op dit Latijns vers gedicht. AD SYMBOLUM EMANVELIS DE METERI : Nobifcum DEVS, quis contra nos? Cvius opem imploras ? hominum cui credis in Orbe. Emanuel ? Quae te fuftinet oro falus ! Quum mundo fit nulla fides : Pendentia filo Pelignus vere cundla Poeta canit. Ingenio confide fagax : fruftrabere formae : Crede datis, anceps forma venufta bonum. Fidat equis alius, pedibus pernicibus alter. Mars equtem Bello, Mars peditemque premit. Spes armis nee certa, licit triplice firma Robore, glans mixto fulphure tranfit ea. Et quae praefidio comitum fiducia ? Salvo Milite faepe ipfi defperiere Duces, Viribus aft fidis, Goliath a Davide vidtus, A puero validus dux fuperante perit. Gratia te Regum fpes eft fublimet in altum ? Non fe, non alios faepe juvare queunt, Ergo iftis alius fidat. Tu dulce fecutus Emanuel nomen, fidere perge Deo. Quern fi tecum habeas, in eo fi Spemque reponas Certior Aufonio vivere rege queas. The Flavour HE Caxton Celebration Exhibition was opened at South Kensington on the thirtieth of June and closed on the first of September, 1877. During these nine short weeks the public had a rare opportunity afforded it of having some of its old popular notions respecting printing dissipated, others corrected, and not a few new ones inculcated. It is only fair, how- ever, to the intelligent British public to state here frankly in their behalf that only a select few appear to have had any well defined ideas, convictions, notions, sentiments or intelligence, whatever, respecting the origin, development, progress, and present state of this 'Art preservative of all Arts,' especially as it exists, and has existed in this country during the last four centuries. This circumstance is probably owing to the fact that in dear old merrie England reading and writing come by nature, while printing is no more considered an art or invention than breathing or drinking. We know it and that is enough. All these things are so familiar from in- fancy that one scarcely ever thinks of accounting for them, or looking into their origin. As pleasure is said to be the absence of pain, darkness the absence of light, so printing may be simply the absence of primitive ignorance. The mind reads the newspapers and the Bible, feels, thinks, and knows intuitively. Like the eye the press sees not itself, yet is the organ by which all other things are seen, known, and organized. It was therefore a happy thought of Mr J. S. Hodson, Secretary of the Printers' Pension Corporation, to celebrate the four hundredth anni- versary of the introduction, in 1477, of the art and mystery of printing into England, by a " Caxton Celebration" in the year 1877, just for a moment to hold the mirror up to printing, to let the eye see the eye, and the press the press. The Secretary and his happy thought were particularly lucky in having 2 The Caxton Exhibition Mr William Blades, Caxton's eminent biographer, to resort to for the needful historical foundation and literary coping of his proposed edifice. But it is not intended to give here the history of the Caxton Exhibi- tion of 1877, for it is itself already a matter of history. Suffice it then to say, in passing, that in more meanings than one it was a success, and in no sense a failure. The Caxton Exhibition Catalogue as finally revised and published before the close of the Exhibition, with all its faults (and none knows them better than the writer), is a bibliographical record, taken as a whole and of its kind, that has never been surpassed in any country or period. Much of it is crude, ill-digested, and unfinished, yet the honest, intelligent, painstaking, and sharp-witted bibliographer will find recorded in it, though perhaps a little too hastily, materials for the history of books, printing, and printers, not alone of England, but all foreign countries, from the earliest period to the present time, which he will find no where else so well told and so conveniently packed. The results of the Caxton Exhibition, therefore, as booked in this Catalogue, are manifold and important, though they may perhaps have to be picked out, like the meat of the hickory-nut, with patience and discretion. At the same time it is to be remembered that by the Cam- panellan rule, as given by Master Prynne, generally such ' Books either miss or hit, By scale of reader's wit.' If the critic, historian, bibliographer, or simple reader, any of them, lack the capacity or wit to pick out and appreciate the new, true, and important matters recorded in the Caxton Catalogue respecting rare and beautiful books, early and fine printing, eminent printers, and kindred topics, it may be some consolation to somebody to know or to be told that it is not necessarily the fault of the Catalogue. On the other hand if the capacity or wit of the critic be better adapted to pick out the flaws, errors, mistakes, blunders, omissions, false state- ments, and ignorances buried in the Catalogue, be its merits never so great, and if he be inclined to smack his lips over them in the Weakly as if he had found the very blue-mould of Stilton, or viewed the centre of decay, God help him and give him a long life, for what we, who are not critics, don't know is immense and immeasurable, in comparison with what we do know and can state correctly. In making these general and particular remarks, the writer excepts, of course, his own portion of the Caxton Catalogue, that is Class C, Printed Bibles, lest it may be too apparent that he is publicly crying an axe hammered on his own anvil. He is not unmindful, however, of the great interest expressed by many, and the commendations expressed by some, in his treatment of this department of the Catalogue. Nevertheless, it will be remembered that the department of Bibles in the Caxton Exhibition received more adverse criticism from some of The Flavour 3 the intelligent London press, than all the other classes put together. This may be partially owing to the great, general, and blind interest felt in England, above all other countries, in reference to the Bible, the divine book, about which every one presumes to know so much, and of which, really, so few know anything. It is the commonest and most familiar of all our books. Wherever dust can penetrate, there is our Bible, but too many of us are like the swine seeking beechnuts among the fallen leaves of the forest, devouring them with a relish, but seldom looking up to see whence they came, what their origin, or how preserved for us. The subject of Bibles in the Caxton Exhibition, as a distinct Class, was really an after-thought. It required some stretch of the original plan of a Caxton Exhibition to include Bibles in all languages, though some few editions would naturally have fallen in as specimens of early and fine printing. The Exhibition, however, grew upon the hands of the Executive Committee, as did, also, the various departments of it grow upon the hands of the several Sub-Committees. Finally, notwithstanding the long list of distinguished names that graced the several committees, the real work, and all the work, by its own gravity, fell into the hands of some half dozen men, who, at first, having volunteered their free services, had not the courage, at last, to back down as many did in the critical moment when it was almost an even balance between uncertain success and certain failure. All this, I know, is indefinite and gossipy, and was intended to be so, but those who desire to pursue the subject further can. It is, however, only just and fair to my colleagues and collaborators to say here so much, and to relieve them as far as possible of any personal responsibility for the deficiencies and shortcomings of that department of the Catalogue, which was wholly mine and not theirs. I have, therefore, decided to separate my own portion of the work, as far as it relates to Class C, Printed Bibles, as given in the Catalogue of the Caxton Exhibition, and issue it separately under my own name, so that the work may stand or fall by itself without marring the good work of my colleagues in other departments. I say deliberately ' good work,' for where can the lover of short-cuts to knowledge find in the English or any other language, the information so well arranged and so clearly expressed about Caxton and the typographical productions of himself and his contemporaries in England, as in the first thirty pages by Mr William Blades, under Class A, sections i — v, of the Catalogue of the Caxton Exhibition ? The great mass of conjecture of previous writers is abolished, and the whole inte- resting story of all England's earliest printers, with the titles of their books, and where the books now exist, is briefly and clearly told by Mr Blades, in a masterly and modest manner never excelled. Sections vi and vii upon the subsequent development of printing in England and Scotland, both metropolitan and provincial, are chiefly by Mr 4 The C ax ton Exhibition R. E. Graves. One may hereafter enlarge the story to any extent, but after all, the enlargement will be only a bill of particulars. The vii Sec- tions of Class A cover pretty much the whole ground. Almost the same may be said of Class B, filling pages 44 — 72 of the Catalogue, containing a brief history of Block Books, and the develop- ment of the art of printing in foreign countries. Never probably was such a rich collection of rare books brought together as that described in sections i — iv of this Class, and so far as I know, no single writer has before had so good an opportunity of covering the whole field of typography outside of Great Britain, in a single essay. How concisely and clearly Lord Charles Bruce has presented this important department of the Exhibition in the brief space of less than thirty pages, is manifest. He had at hand, it is true the whole bibliographical resources of Earl Spencer's library, as well as extraordinary facilities afforded by the British Museum and its custodians. He therefore made this road for the future historian direct, true, royal and roman. The curious reader will find his lordship's name modestly placed at the bottom of page 72. It will be noticed that there is a great difference in the modes of arranging the materials and presenting the history of printing in Classes B and C. It may as well perhaps be explained here as any where else. This divergence was fully discussed beforehand by Lord Charles Bruce and myself, and we came to the conclusion that it would be better, as our materials were abundant, and in some important cases duplicate, to present in the Catalogue, at one and the same time, two distinct views of the progress and development of printing. Accordingly it was agreed that while in Class B he should arrange and describe his materials under countries and towns geographically and chronologically — each taking precedence by the dates of the introduction of printing into each, I, on the other hand, having only the One Book to deal with, was to present it in all languages and countries (including England) in one consecutive chronological list. This arrangement I strictly carried out, as the reader may see in the present volume. I submit that this arrangement between us was a happy thought, as it gave the historian two distinct views instead of one. Each system has unquestionably its own objections, but these melt away when both are used. It is a vast aid to the historian of the Bible, and a leveller to the patriotic scribbler, to have before himself in one chronological list the entire biblical work of all languages and countries, by which he can see at a glance what translation, com- mentary and printing were going on at the same time elsewhere, as well as the comparative progress of Bible printing in different countries. I desire here publicly to acknowledge aid, comfort, sympathy, and co- operation from my colleagues, especially Mr William Blades, Lord Charles Bruce, Mr George Bullen, Mr G. W. Porter, Mr R. E. Graves, Mr W. H. Overall, and Rev. W. H. Milman, who rendered our weekly The Flavour 5 bibliographical meetings of Sub-Committee N° i so agreeable, friendly, instructive, and unforgetable. While giving them my cordial thanks, I should be very sorry to make any of them responsible for any of the many defects in my portion of the Catalogue, which the printers tell me, because of the quantity of small type in the notes, was spun out to nearly one-third the composition of the entire Catalogue. It might easily have been doubled, owing to the great and unexpected liberality of the exhi- bitors, but I had some little conscience left about overloading Caxton with the Bible, inasmuch as it was a Caxton and not a Bible Exhibition. At another time, and that not far distant, I trust that we may have a Bible Exhibition. However, my colleagues were tolerant and patient, and the printer found type to put up my long introduction and bibliographical notes scattered throughout the work, without grumbling. Only one note, an essay of two pages sent in by me was suppressed by the Executive Committee (goodness knows why), but that is now printed in full under N° 1450 in this edition, being a brief and circumstantial history of the Oxford Caxton Memorial Bible, at my suggestion printed at the University Press in Oxford and bound in London in twelve consecutive hours, on the morning of the 30th of June. These pages were struck out by some- body probably for other reasons than the want of space. The whole of Class C is, therefore, re-made up, repaged, and here re- issued separately from the same type as the Catalogue, but with above three hundred corrections, alterations, and improvements in the list from N° 611 to 1450, together with some forty pages of new matter not in the Caxton Exhibition Catalogue. I trust that these addi- tions will give some flavour to this separate work and apologize for its separate appearance. This present edition is, I believe, the tenth revision of my portion of the Catalogue, and yet there are left many errors and oversights, which would have been emended but for my whole- some dread of ' printer's corrections.' I cannot, however, afford to carry this, my summer's plaything, any further. I admit that the motto of a well-arranged Exhibition Catalogue should be ' If 'twere done when 'tis done, 'twere well it were done quickly.' In consequence of a severe illness of three weeks immediately after the opening of the Exhibition, when only the 'Rough Proof of the Cata- logue had seen the light, I confess that I failed on the ' quickly ; ' but by the 25th of July my proofs had been read, omissions supplied, addi- tions made, and the copy was in the hands of the printer, including the historical Introduction and many long bibliographical notes. Great pains had been taken to ascertain the true or approximate time of print- ing the several editions bearing no date so that the whole might fall into a strictly chronological series, according to the well-digested plan agreed upon with the accomplished editor of Class B. I respectfully submit 6 The Caxton Exhibition that my arrangement of the Bibles in Class C of the Catalogue was fairly up to the mark. The issue of it herewith presented, though somewhat polished and improved since August, will, I trust, corroborate this statement. This admitted, the arrangement of the Bibles in the cribs under glass and locks was of far less consequence. I never in- tended to assume or monopolize this part of the arrangement, having enough on my hands already, but working volunteers were scarcer than talking ones, and so, notwithstanding only half the space required could be had, I sorted out the folios and placed them open under glass on the north side of the gallery, in the order of their dates of printing, begin- ning at the far end with 1450 and coming down to the left of the entrance with the 161 1 English Bible, the first edition of our present version. This was a simple arrangement such as even the unini- tiated might grasp, but unfortunately the pressing want of room, the great value of the books, and the absence of safe lock-ups elsewhere in the galleries, compelled me to distribute the quartos, octavos, and smaller books among the folios, regardless of date and every other considera- tion except size. Every crevice was filled. The duplicates and extra volumes were placed in the cases unopened, no other safe place pre- senting itself. Well, some painfully orderly eyes could not stand this mixture, while others found consolation in the Catalogue. Each book being distinct and fully described, the rest was left to the general intelli- gence of the visitors. It seemed to appear to most of them to be a matter of little importance whether the 'bugge Bible' was on the right or left hand of the ' wicked Bible,' or whether printed before or after. At first I consented only to arrange the Bible titles for the catalogue and prepare them for the printer, but later on, however, when I saw that many gentlemen whose names had been placed high up on the several Committees were doing but little ; and when my friend Mr Blades had bravely taken upon his own shoulders the work of the Executive at their request, I willingly placed my spare shoulder thereto and volunteered, as far as my abilities extended, to help him through. For nearly a month I did what a slow and busy man could do in twelve or fifteen hours a day and night, building up and furnishing the department of Bibles alone, and looking after nothing else. I do not ask or expect any special credit for what I then did prior to the opening of the Exhibition, and for a month subsequently, the hardest labour I ever undertook or underwent, but it is fair that I should, if possible, parry false criticism wherever I find it, and decline to receive as gospel the unjust and inconsiderate censure of the Saturday Review, for not performing the many other labours ignorantly and wrongfully assigned to me by it. My catalogue of the Bibles will, I trust, be taken as evidence of no little honest and voluntary work ; and that my summer leisure was not wholly thrown away. In making, The Flavour 7 correcting and working up the Catalogue of Bibles and parts of Bibles I endeavoured to render it a book of permanent reference, as far as it goes, and one that would be useful after the Exhibition was over. I decided, after some hesitation, to use part of the materials I had been collecting for a larger work for more than a quarter of a century, with opportunities that have fallen to the lot of few bibliographers. Some of these materials I worked up into an elaborate Introduction presenting a comprehensive view of the history of the printed Bible, in all languages and countries, from 1450 to 1535; and in numerous long and short bibliographical and historical notes under various titles and languages from 1535 to 1877. All these the reader has before him re-issued in the present volume. The collations of the rarer Bibles in many languages are elaborate, and I trust generally correct and carefully done. They cost me a vast amount of labour, and I natter myself that true bibliographers will find them useful. In the notes, as well as in the Introduction, many new points are brought for- ward and discussed, wherein a great deal of the slop and conjecture of the historians of the Bible, even our latest ones, is spotted and, it is believed, for ever consigned to oblivion. Again, in the Introduction and notes I gave briefly the results of long and patient investigation respecting Coverdale and our first English Bible, and, I believe, to a great extent cleared up one of the most in- teresting mysteries lurking in English history and literature. Indeed, for the last three hundred years the good old Augustine monk Coverdale had been lost in a tangle of misconception and conjecture, insomuch that the last two or three historians of our dear old English Bible have asserted positively, without a particle of decent historical evidence, that the Coverdale Bible was printed by Christopher Froschover at Zurich. It has been my good fortune to discover where, by whom, and under what circumstances it really was printed. I showed on unimpeachable authority that Coverdale went abroad in 1534, and that the Bible was printed by or for Jacob Van Meteren at Antwerp ; that Coverdale was not himself the translator, but that probably Van Meteren was, Coverdale aiding him, at his employer's cost, as a learned reviser, editor, proof reader, and general manager, with great prudence and discretion, and at the imminent peril of his life, both from the authorities of the Netherlands and of his own country at home. Any future historian of the English Bible must hereafter reject whole pages of conjecture, assumption, misconception, and frivolous speculation that fill the pages of Lewis, Anderson, Lee, Eadie, Westcott, and others, not alone in these matters pertaining to Tyndale, Coverdale, and Matthew, but many other points pertaining more or less to them and their times. With all its faults, this Catalogue is now given to the public. But in justice to the public, the most patient beast of burden known to the 8 The C ax ton Exhibition press, and in justice to myself, I must notice here the Notice with which my old friend, the Saturday Review, honoured me. It is the last of five articles which that eminent review devoted to the Caxton Exhibition. They are all of like excellence, and could manifestly have come from no other periodical. The first was upon Mr Gladstone's opening speech, and appeared in the number for July 7. The others, divided into four parts, covering the entire Exhibition, appeared in the four numbers of July 28, August 4, 1 1, and 18. As the last mainly concerns me, and the Exhibition of the Holy Scriptures as described by me in the Catalogue, I have pleasure in reproducing it here verbatim and entire, simply adding a few small figures for convenience of reference in the subsequent pages of this Flavour. From the Saturday Review of the iSth August, 1877. THE CAXTON EXHIBITION. IV. Though the Exhibition has now reached what may, with probable safety, be called "positively the last fortnight," the Bibles remain unarranged. 1 This will be a great disappointment to many ardent bibliogra- phers ; but it may allay their regret 2 to know that, unless the present collection 3 had been largely supplemented, 4 it could not have been considered in any sense representa- tive 5 of the history of Bible-printing. Mr. Stevens, 6 to whom the arrangement ' of this part of the Exhibition was entrusted, 8 has neither done 9 it himself nor commissioned 10 any one else to do it. He has, however, published an "Introduction," 11 in which he claims for Jacob van Meteren, an Antwerp merchant, 12 who is said to have learned to print 13 early in life, the honour of being the printer and translator of Coverdale's Bible. The passages quoted from Emanuel van Meteren's Historia Belgica do not justify these conclusions, 14 and, without further evi- dence 15 we must withhold our judgment. 16 Meanwhile, as Mr. Stevens's Introduction in all probability at Antwerp. 23 It is so scarce that no perfect copy is known, and one of the six 21 examples in the Exhibition, Lord Spencer's, 2o has a title-page inserted from a different edition. 20 Her Majesty's 27 copy has part 2S of the title, but is very im- perfect 29 in other places, as is Lord Leices- ter's, 30 which, however, has the whole title, 31 and is therefore unique. It 32 was finished, says the colophon, in 1535, "the fourth day of October." The Althorp 33 copy has a title from a Bible almost equally 34 rare, Raynalde and Hyll's, 35 1549, of which no 36 copy seems to be in the gallery. The New Testament of Tyndale's version, lent by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's and almost unique, is perhaps 37 as much as ten 3S years older than Coverdale's first Bible. Mr. Fry and others are of opinion that it was printed by Peter Schoeffer at Worms in 1 526. This 39 would add to its interest, as Schoeffer was the successor 40 of the Peter Schoeffer of whom we have already made frequent men- tion as the partner of Gutenberg 41 and Fust. is not before us, 17 we rnay pass on to notice A part, 42 at least, of the old Testament was the Bibles actually displayed 18 in the Ex- hibition ; since, whatever the shortcomings of the Committee 19 in their arrangement, they form an interesting collection, espe- cially, if we include 20 among them the early specimens already described 21 from the German, the Roman, and the Paris presses. The first complete English 22 Bible, as is well known, was the edition of 1535, printed printed in London from Wycliffe's version in or about 1532, by Robert Redman, 43 and a copy is in the Lambeth Library, and might perhaps have been lent for the present Ex- hibition if asked for, but the managers do not seem 44 to have been aware of its exist- ence. 45 Tyndale's Pentateuch 48 is here, how- ever, 47 printed at "Malborow in the land of Hesse," and lent by Mr. Fry. There are several other 48 Tyndale Testaments, The Flavour including, according to the "preliminary issue" 40 of the Catalogue, that of 1535, 50 " whereunto is added an exhortacion to the same of Erasmus Rot, with an Englysshe Kalender and a Table, necessary to fynde easly and lyghtely any story contayned in the iiii evangelistes and in the Actes of the Apostles." The book itself is, 51 however, not to be found " easly and lyghtely " by a visitor ; and is, we suspect, among the closed 52 volumes in a bookcase which oc- cupies the centre of the gallery. The " pre- liminary issue" has become permanent,' 3 a not unaccustomed fate of South Kensing- ton 54 Catalogues. Next 35 in interest after these — the first English versions — comes the first, 56 perhaps w r e should say the only 57 authorized edition — that of Henry VIII., printed by 58 Grafton and Whitchurch in 1539, and celebrated in history as the Great Bible. Of this there are several copies, and the wood-cut title 59 said to have been designed by Holbein, 60 is worth studying. At the top the King is seated on a throne, 61 ensigned 62 with his arms, and surrounded by his courtiers, to whom he distributes copies of the book. At either side Cromwell and Cranmer, each also identified by his shield, are similarly employed ; and round 63 the head of each person is a scroll, on which we read " Vivat Rex," 64 or, where the person represented is a child, 65 "God save the King," for children of course could not be expected to cheer in Latin. 66 There is a tragic interest, too, about these curious pictures. 67 Among the copies exhibited is one in which the circular space previously filled with Cromwell's arms is left blank. The shield has disappeared in the interval between the issue of the two 64 copies ; 69 and, in the same interval, the great Vicar-General had lost not only his shield, but his head. There are copies of several later editions, but we fail 70 to find any special 71 notice of the sole 72 English issue of Queen Mary's reign. In 1553 Ed- w r ard Whitchurche published a Bible which would recommend itself to some of our modern educational agitators. It is literally "without note or comment," all the pre- liminary matter printed with the Great Bible, including the Calendar and the Table of Lessons, being omitted. At least one 73 copy appears in the Catalogue. Strange to say, those days of bigotry 74 seem to have been favourable to Bible-printing ; for the same year, 1553, witnessed the appearance of the first Spanish edition, 75 of which a copy, printed at Ferrara, comes from Althorp, and another is lent by the Bible Society. In 1557 William Whittingham, afterwards Dean of Durham, but then an exile at Geneva, published a New Testament of his own translation, the first 76 divided into verses, and three years later came out the famous "Genevan," or "Breeches Bible," which for nearly a hundred years continued to be the popular version. Copies of the first edition are very rare, but two 77 at least are in the Gallery. It is adorned with maps, and has " moste profitable annotations upon all the hard places." It went through about two hundred editions, and was not super- seded 7S in the estimation of the Bible-read- ing public until the profitable annotations, and even the headings of the chapters, ap- peared in an edition of King James's version published in 1649 by the Stationers' Com- pany, 79 and made no doubt on purpose to look as like the old favourite as possible. 1 * Many liberties were taken with both text and notes, among which perhaps the most serious dealt with the heading of Psalm cxlix., 81 the same psalm from which Oba- diah 82 Bind - their - kings - with - chains - and- their- nobles -with- fetters -of-iron took his memorable surname. In the Genevan Bible'' 3 this psalm was headed " An exhor- tation to the church to prayse the Lord for his victory and conquest that he giveth his saints against all man's power." In the Authorized Version 84 a very different mean- ing was given to the psalm : — "The prophet exhorteth to praise God for his love to the Church, and for that power wdiich he hath given to the Church to ride the consciences of men." The new edition, 85 printed in the very year which saw the downfall of all supremacy 86 but that of the saints, was altered ingeniously ; the power given to the Church was " for the conversion of sin- ners." 87 And, strange to say, 88 there has ever since been a certain doubt about the form of this heading, and it now stands in ordinary Bibles in a form which differs alike from King James's and the saint's, for it breaks off short at the word "Church." 89 We do not recognize 90 a copy of the quarto of 1649 in the Gallery, nor — and this is a much more serious omission^do we find a 10 The Caxton Exhibition single perfect copy of the first issue of the so- called Authorized Version. 91 One, near the door, seems only to have its New 92 Testa- ment title ; but in the Catalogue there is a long paragraph about "Hee" editions or "Shee" 93 editions which calls for some notice. 94 Two issues at least took place in 1611, and their differences are easily seen ; but, except in the preliminary leaves, 9S it is seldom that the two issues are found se- parate. 96 Sheets from one were constantly 97 mixed with sheets from the other ; and any attempt to say that one set of sheets belongs wholly to the first issue and another to the second ends not only in confusion, 98 but in something worse. 99 When it has been ar- bitrarily 100 determined which set belongs to each issue, the next thing is to make exist- ing examples conform ; and a process takes place exactly analogous to that by which an enthusiastic architect is sometimes tempted to falsify the record in restoring an old build- ing. 101 The collection of editions of the Authorized 102 Version iswretchedly poor, 103 containing in fact only one volume of any importance 104 — the Bodleian copy of the famous Bible of 1 63 1 10:i — an octavo in which the "not" was omitted from the Seventh Commandment. 106 We failed to find a first Oxford 107 Testament, a first Cambridge 108 Testament, a Lloyd's 109 folio, aBlayney's 110 quarto, a first Irish, 111 a first American, 112 an "immaculate" Bible of 181 1, 113 or, in fact, with the one exception, 114 anything of great note 115 in this department. There is a poor 116 copy of the Scots Bible in octavo, with the plates by Bolswaert which were such an offence to the Puritans, and were specially charged against Archbishop Laud. The Psalm-books, too, are not remarkable for their rarity 117 except the American "Bay Psalm-Book, " which enjoys the credit of being the first book printed in British North America, and of which the present copy, lent from the Bodleian, is unique on this side of the Atlantic. The Queen s Printers, the two University presses, and the Bible Society make great displays on the staircase, where copies may be seen of the "Gladstone Bible," 11 " printed and bound at Oxford 119 in twelve hours. The public was informed 120 at first that the type had been set up within that time, and the curious in this kind of literature were on the look-out for a valu- able crop 121 of misprints and the speedy suppression of the whole edition. But the type has been long standing, and the volume is of the ordinary 122 kind, and does not even, we believe, contain the Translators' Preface or the Apocryphal books. The machinery is apparently the most at- tractive part of the show. 123 Where is Mr. Buckmaster 124 that he does not lecture on it? All 120 the processes of paper-making, type-casting, composing, distributing, elec- trotyping, printing, and folding are carried on here. There are specimens of ancient types and woodcuts, and paper made on the old system is printed with a memorial of the Exhibition in a press of the slow, 126 awk- ward 127 kind which Caxton 128 must have used. The various attempts at setting up type by machinery occupy some space, and are examined with great interest. Hatters- ley's machine appears to be very convenient, but it is only by a practical printer 129 that its merits or faults can be justly appre- ciated. 130 The Clowes method differs from the Hattersley in the use of electricity ; but it is open to objections which, as far as we can judge, 131 must be fatal to its extensive use. 132 In fact, of six systems here exhi- bited — the Mackie steam composer, the Clowes electric composer, the Hattersley, the Kastenbein, the Muller, and the Heine- mann — it may safely be said that not one 133 is likely to come into extensive use in a printing house, although the Hattersley may be suitable for amateur work, and the others are all very pretty as toys. 134 The room in which the various processes of stereotyping are carried on will be found very attractive, especially as the plates cast are for actual use. Among the curiosities of the Exhibition are the machines of various kinds for arranging 135 sheets of paper for the press, some of them seeming to be fur- nished with a human finger and thumb, and much more than human accuracy and regu- larity. It is perhaps 130 a pity that the machinery could not have formed a separate exhibition, perhaps 137 in combination with bookbinding, 138 as it is, the staid bibliogra- phers 139 above stairs complain much of the noise and the smell, 140 caring evidently very little as to how a book is produced so that it is produced ; and perhaps going on to think, since they set so much store by rarity, that when a press has issued a single copy of a book, the more seldom it repeats the pro- cess 141 the better. The Flavour 1 1 Thus spake the great public Umpire of Southampton Street. Not a question of any moment in law, manners, customs, religion, literature, history or politics turns up but this Oracle delivers its learned charge and pronounces judgment for its readers. ' When our Oracle speaks let no dog bark' has been the bye-law of the community for years. To reply to a preacher-man, in his own tub, by the law of the land is, I believe, sacrilege ; while to attempt to answer the Saturday Review, by the law of custom and its own rules, not less binding, is, I suppose, scarcely anything short of blasphemy. Still a duty in behalf of the public is thrust upon me per force of circumstances, to try and bring- to this great self-elected Umpire with a blank cartridge and examine its papers. The Caxton Celebration and Exhibition was, probably, deemed a sufficiently important event for the Saturday to call together its faculty of wiseacres to set the community right upon the whole subject of Print- ing and Books. One sees at a glance how these important topics must have taxed all the literary, antiquarian, historical, critical, judicial, biblical and bibliographical powers of the establishment. I have no idea who was the Head Centre or chief delegate chosen to superintend and work up these powerful pronunciamentos, but manifestly no one man of the staff could have done it alone. The five articles are in the highest and most elaborate style of the Saturday, and possess all the peculiar cha- racteristics of that Review. Prick this article iv and one will do the public a service by letting its acrid midnight-oil out of it, and perhaps at the same time also out of the whole ambitious concern, for this privateer- ing Weakly, it appears, is not constructed on the bulk-head principle. At first I confess that I felt even a sort of pride in being extinguished by such an all-powerful luminary, but on revising my portion of the Caxton Catalogue and re-reading the five articles, I soon perceived that this attractive light was only moonshine, thin, borrowed, and pale : and that so far from feeling myself demolished, demoralized and scorched, I could still afford, so far as the Saturday is concerned, to hold up my head and re-issue my little book. I, therefore, with some confidence, appeal from the Saturday to the general intelligence of the community, a judge on a higher level, and not at present under the spell of anony- mous, irresponsible, reverend, and self-made critics. Biblical history and bibliography have run long enough in their present narrow groove, passing hand-in-hand from head to head down through many reverend and able writers since the days of Anderson, if not Lewis, without a particle of new and original investigation, until they have drizzled into the Saturday Review, and been summed up in a nutshell of common errors and commonplaces. This, perhaps, is rather strong, but the circumstances, as the reader will soon see, require something strong. By this article iv, here reprinted in full, I was either 12 The Caxton Exhibition bound hand and foot in the meshes of these critics, fixed and fast, or the article is made of rotten tissues. Unless, therefore, I can manage to davenport-brothers myself from these mortal coils of theirs, I feel that I am done for. Now without further preliminary let us proceed to business and examine the examiner, and test the statements with our own critical litmus-papers. When the war between Acid and Alkali ceases, then and not till then, should one submit to this Saturdalian dribble of biblical stuff and nonsense built upon frivolous speculation. The opening of the Saturday's fourth broadside, 18th August, 1877, against the Caxton Exhibition, Class C, is a charge that up to about the middle of August 'the Bibles remain unarranged.' 1 This is only about half true. There were two ways of arranging the Bibles, first, in the printed catalogue, as described above on page six, and second, in the thirty-five cases along the north and south sides of the gallery ; the first for a permanency and future reference, the second for a hasty peep of the multitude during the nine weeks of the Exhibition. We are told that many 'ardent bibliographers'* were disappointed at first sight, but comforted themselves with the reflection that if the 'present collection" of Bibles had not been largely supplemented 4 it could not have been considered in any sense representative 5 of the history of Bible printing ; which I suppose means, if it can be interpreted to mean any thing, that if the arrangement of the Catalogue had not been completed by reading the proofs, enlarging and correcting the titles, there would have been a very poor catalogue and a worse collection, but as it was made all right and representative there was really very little left to grumble about. The critic, who it is presumed is the ' ardent bibliographer ' himself, now grows personal and complains that ' Mr. Stevens, 8 to whom the arrangement 7 of this part of the Exhibition was entrusted,* has neither done 11 it himself nor commissioned 10 any one else to do it.' Now Mr Stevens 6 was never entrusted" by the Executive Committee 'to do the arrangement 7 of this or any part of the Exhibition,' nor had he 9 ever the power to commission 10 any one else 'to do it.' In fact the Saturday Reviewer is manifestly under some misapprehension as to the character of Mr Stevens' connection with the Caxton Exhibition, for he gives it a prominence which Mr Stevens has no right to accept without protest. The simple truth is that Mr Stevens goodnaturedly consented, at the request of Committee N° 1, Mr George Bullen of the British Museum, Chairman, (which with Mr Blades from the Executive really did the literary work of the Executive Committee,) to arrange the Bible titles for the Catalogue, and prepare them for the printer. He undertook no responsibility whatever in the Exhibition, incurred no risk, and received no emolument. Nothing was entrusted 8 to him officially: he did what he undertook to do cheerfully and at his own expense, and had no The Flavour 13 power, right, or desire to commission 10 any one else to do work for him. Yet this Saturday afternoon critic passes lightly over the Introduction 11 with a sneer, calls Van Meteren an Antwerp merchant, 12 ' who is said to have learned to print 13 early in life;' says, also, that the authority I quoted ' does not justify these conclusions, 14 and without further evi- dence 15 he must withhold his judgment.' 16 All this new historical matter the learned critic of the Saturday Review dismisses contemptuously in three lines. This may be all the room he had at his disposal, but he may be reminded that it takes no more space to tell the truth than it does to tell the other thing. Perhaps if he will condescend to re-read the Dutch extracts given on the back of the dedication of this volume he may come to a different conclusion. Meanwhile, what his judgment is worth will be better understood further on when we have weighed it. If the patient reader will kindly follow us through our numerical objec- tions to this writer's loose statements and looser opinions, he will see that his judgment is just the light stuff balloons are filled with. I did not ask him to stop his press to notice and pat my dog, but if he stops it voluntarily, and goes out of his way to give him a kick, he need not be surprised if he in return gets for his pains a bite such as Isaac Walton never fished for. The next sentence, completing the first paragraph, is in the highest style of Saturday Reviewing, piquant, off-hand, self-asserting, and over- whelmingly egotistical. ' Meanwhile, as Mr. Stevens' Introduction is not before us, 17 we may pass on to notice the Bibles actually displayed 13 in the Exhibition ;' why, these 18 were the very ones one would expect him to notice, and if he had found time to read the Introduction 11 before displaying his ignorance about the matters contained in it, and pronouncing his free verdict against it, he might possibly have saved his credit, if that was of any consideration. It was no fault of mine that the Introduction was not before him. It had been some days previously fully noticed by the Times and the Athenceum. But it is not necessary, I believe, for an experienced critic to see 17 a book he reviews. In this case, however, a cursory glance at the Introduction might have prevented our ' ardent bibliographer ' dis- playing the profundity of his shallowness. The Introduction, filling pages 25-42 of the present volume, is still commended to his perusal. In the second clause of the sentence he alludes to the ' shortcomings of the Committee 19 in their arrangement,' apparently forgetting that he had already 7 castigated me for the same negligence. However, with be- coming condescension, he pronounces it an interesting collection of Bibles, ' especially if we include 20 among them the early specimens already described' 21 in article i, ii, and iii, in the S. R. Why not include them? Does the mere fact that the reviewer in his previous articles had briefly alluded to (but not described) some half dozen out 14 The Caxton Exhibition of hundreds of early Bibles in the Exhibition, fully described in the Catalogue, lift them out of the collection ? But this egotistic, pedantic and empty allusion to past services of self and partners is an old trick of these Saturdamalion critics to fill up their vacuums and to make all knowledge appear to cluster exclusively about their own brows. I now introduce our lofty Scholastikos, with his eyebrows above his temples, and with his historical brick, as the specimen of his house, the Coverdale Bible," which he owns was ' printed in all probability at Antwerp.' 23 This statement is precisely the chief item of the mysterious history of our first English Bible which a little above he declines to receive without further evidence. 15 I had discovered that it was printed at Antwerp by or for Jacob Van Meteren, instead of Zurich by Froschover, as generally accepted. It is not, I believe, an uncommon practice for reviewers who cut up historical books first to clip out for their own use the little telling historical points before they destroy their victims. However, I am glad that S. R. adopts Antwerp as the place of printing, for that fact simplifies and reconciles much. This point admitted, I have no fear as to Van Meteren's claims being also sooner or later acknowledged. The reviewer speaks learnedly of the 'six 24 examples' of the Coverdale Bible of 1535 in the Exhibition. There are seven copies described in the Catalogue, viz. N° 765, the Earl of Leicester's, from Holkham ; 766, Earl Spencer's, from Althorp; 767, from Sion College Library; 768, from the B. and F. Bible Society; 769, W. Amhurst Tyssen-Amhurst's copy; 770, Dr Gott's; and N° 771, lent by the Earl of Jersey. These seven fine books were among the chief glories of the Exhi- bition, and should have awakened the latent intelligence of our ' ardent bibliographer.' But behold what a learned muddle he makes of them. First he says that Lord Spencer's 25 copy has a title-page inserted from a different edition. 26 The reader is referred to N° 766 of the present volume for a corrected description of it. The title-page is made up in manuscript, like many other copies, by using the woodcut border of the title of the Petyt and Redman Bible of 1540, or that of 1549, both from the same woodcut as the original title of 1535, insetting blank paper in the cartouch and putting in by hand the title in facsimile. The copy is on the whole a very fine one. Scholastikos next informs us that ' Her Majesty's 27 copy has part 28 of the title, but is very imperfect 29 in other places, as is Lord Leicester's, 30 which however has the whole title, 31 and is therefore unique.' This is a lovely historical muddle, such as one rarely sees anywhere but in the columns of the Saturday Review, where ignorance is bliss and history is apparently taught by rote. It is indelicate perhaps to tell the naked truth after this, but to develop the smile it must be told that Her Majesty's copy of the Coverdale Bible was not at the Caxton Exhibition at all, nor The Flavour 15 was it even asked for, for the good reason, that we had already copies that exhibited all the variations known except one, viz. the title-page in the copy belonging to the Marquis of Northampton. But I have seen Her Majesty's copy at Windsor Castle, and am able to say that it is a good one, far above the average in condition, quite complete in the text, and having all the preliminary leaves as they came from the press of Nicolson of Southwark. It wants the map, has no part' 28 of the original title, but the title is made up, like Earl Spencer's, by inserting a facsimile or manuscript title in the cartouch of the woodcut border from the edition of 1540 or 1549 from the original Antwerp block of 1535. Every state- ment therefore respecting Her Majesty's copy is erroneous. For an account of the Earl of Leicester's fine and very nearly perfect copy see N° 765. It is the only copy known with the original Antwerp title-page quite perfect. The text is complete and the copy contains the last of the original Antwerp preliminary leaves, the counterfoil of the title, in this respect also unique. The map and the other preliminary leaves are in facsimile by the elder John Harris. The only other copy known with even a part of the original title-page is that in the British Museum. ' It 32 was finished' does not apparently mean Earl Leicester's copy, as one might suppose, but the Coverdale Bible generally. Our critic here is a little mixed in his grammar, as well as in his history, and does not seem to improve in the next sentence, beginning ' The Althorp 33 copy has a title from a Bible almost equally 31 rare, Raynalde and Hyll's 1549 of which no 34 copy seems to be in the gallery.' The reviewer here is manifestly trying to outdo himself in blundering ignorance, but he succeeds better farther on. He does not seem to be aware that the Althorp 33 copy is Earl Spencer's ; 25 one and the same ; see N° 766, and the remark 26 above about the title. He is mistaken also about the com- parative rarity of the Coverdale Bible of 1535 and that by Raynalde and Hyll, 33 1549. The latter is not a very rare book, and usually may be pur- chased complete for one tenth the usual cost of an imperfect Coverdale. This Solon is also mistaken about there being no 3ti copy of the 1549 edition in the gallery. There were two copies there from the opening of the Exhibition, both described in the Catalogue under N os 853 and 853*. So much for the seven Coverdales, of which our sublime blunderer mentions only two, Earl Spencer's and the Earl of Leicester's, both with disparaging comments which are not true. The other five he pretermits though not intentionally. We now come to our critic's sage remark that the Tyndale's Testament of 1526 'is perhaps 37 as much as ten 38 years older than Coverdale's first Bible ' of 1535. We let him off on the 'perhaps.' But when in the next sentence he speaks of SchoerTer' 19 who printed at Worms as the suc- cessor 40 of the Peter Schoeffer of whom he has already made frequent mention (in his previous papers on the Caxton Exhibition) as the partner 1 6 The C ax ton Exhibition of Gutenberg 41 and Fust, he is manifestly beyond his historical and biographical depth. Fust took his son-in-law, Peter Schoeffer, as a partner after the famous lawsuit which terminated in the business being trans- ferred from Gutenberg the inventor to Fust, who had lent him money. Schoeffer was not therefore, I take it, ever a partner of Gutenberg. The next four lines embody as many errors in one sentence perhaps as any man living, not an old stager in Saturday reviewing, could reason- ably be expected to write out. It is moreover beautifully funny, irrele- vant, pedantic, officious, and startling. It is to the effect that there exists in the Lambeth Library a part 4 " of the Old Testament of Wycliffe's version, printed by Redman 4 ' about 1532, which 'might perhaps have been lent for the present exhibition if asked for, but the managers do not seem" to have been aware of its existence.' 43 I am not able to speak for the managers, or the Executive Committee, but I may say that this little book alluded to is perfectly well known and was well described by the Rev Dr S. R. Maitland more than a quarter of a cen- tury ago in his ' List of some of the Early Printed Books in the Archi- episcopal Library of Lambeth,' London, 1843, 8°, N° 529, p. 237, a work with which most English ' ardent bibliographers ' are familiar. The little book, however, is not of Wycliffe's version, is not of much bibliographical importance, and would not probably have been accepted by the managers if offered, unless perhaps the Archbishop of Canterbury, as one of the prominent Patrons of the Caxton Exhibition, had par- ticularly requested it. So much having been said, however, it is perhaps as well to give the title of the book, and some account of it here— " Prayers of the Byble take out of the olde testament and the newe, as olde holy fathers bothe men and women were wont to pray in tyme of tribulation, deuyded in vi. partes. Imprynted at London in Fletestrete by me Robert Redman. Cum gratia et priuilegio Regali." In this Lambeth copy, otherwise fine, part iii is wanting, ' An exposcayo vpo the psalme of Miserere .... made by Hierom Sauonarole.' The book first appeared in Italy under the name of Savonarola, and was after- wards printed in English by Francois Regnault at Paris without date, probably in 1538, while Coverdale and Grafton were with him superin- tending the printing of the ' Great Bible.' It was reprinted by Redman in London about 1538 or 1539. Being all Scripture in English it would not, of course, have been licensed in 1532, but in 1538 or 1539, as the language is modern and good, there would then have been no difficulty about the translation. The word not is uniformly spelled nat, as in [Redman's?] Testament of 1536, folio. The separate parts, being without title-pages, but with new signatures, are sometimes found attached to service books. Regnault had a house in London from about 1498 to 1540, and supplied many of the English Roman Catholic Service Books used in various Cathedrals. This little fetch about Wycliffe is one of The Flavour 1 7 the Saturday's stock pieces of recondite lore, having appeared before and will probably appear again. What put this little irrelevant reprint into the head of Scholastikos no fellow can probably ever find out. It is one of those learned surprises, I suppose, that so abound in the columns of this review, put there to astonish us with by-path knowledge, to make fools ask questions and the uninitiated to stare. But the grammarian will stare sufficiently when he reads in the two following clauses that 'Tyndale's Pentateuch 1 " is here however,' 47 and ' several other" Tyndale Testaments.' This little slip is not so bad as one of my own which he brings home to me with the genuine tact and skill of a Saturday critic. In N° 779 of the revised Catalogue, the most splendid copy known of Tyndale's New Testament of 1536 in octavo, lent by Earl Spencer, the date in the 'rough proof and ' preliminary issue ' was erroneously printed 1535. 50 In my first-proof reading it was corrected to 1536, and has so stood in the last six or seven editions of the Catalogue. The precious little volume had a prominent place assigned to it among the rarest books, and as the date appeared on the title, which was exhibited, there should have been no difficulty in an ' ardent bibliographer's ' " easly and lyghtely " finding the volume. However, this typographical error in the early editions of the Catalogue marked ' preliminary issue ' 49 made him feign that the book itself was not 51 to be found by a visitor, and he sus- pected that it was among the closed 52 volumes in a bookcase near by. In his disappointment he declares that the ' preliminary issue ' has become permanent 5 ' — 'a not unaccustomed fate of South Kensington 54 Catalogues.' Now all these erroneous statements are based on an un- worthy quibble, a known typographical error, known to have been cor- rected. The revised and corrected Catalogue had been issued some days before this article iv appeared, and hence it was necessary for the critic to go back to the ' preliminary issue.' Had his common sense been rubbed up a little he might have perceived, or been informed, that the ' closed volumes ' 52 in the unused bookcase were duplicates, or spare volumes of sets not required, and were locked up for safe keeping till they could be returned with others to the exhibitors. It was very natural and boy-like to overlook what was before him and to wish to look over what was not intended to be seen. But the fling at ' a not unaccustomed fate (whatever that may be) of South Kensington 54 Catalogues' is con- stitutional and a chronic matter of course with a Saturdalian. It is well known that South Kensington with its Museum is the bete noire of the Saturday Review. No knight of the quill is qualified for its staff until he has had a successful tilt at S. K. The proprietors are presumed to keep an office Rosinante in their Southampton Street editorial stables with which each staff writer must from time to time try his hand, or do his best to donquixote the South Kensington Windmill. If our c 1 8 The C ax ton Exhibition. unpractised witling has not here exactly hit the mark, it is to be hoped that he may live to fight another day. Meanwhile the South Ken- sington Mill stands ! It is suspected that our Scholastikos in this last tilt against S. K. lost a leaf out of his note-book, for a distressing and damaging hiatus ap- pears here in the most important part of his biblical disquisition. Not- withstanding his words 'next 55 in interest after these,' before coming to the ' Great Bible,' he wholly omits to mention the first folio and the first quarto English Bibles printed in England by James Nicolson of South- wark, dated 1537. See N os 790 and 791. Nor has he thought to men- tion the first edition of Matthew's Bible, also of 1537, N° 779, or the Taverner of 1539, N° 811. Then there lies neglected N° 779, the first edition of Tyndale's New Testament printed in England in 1536 in small folio, to say nothing of the other editions of Tyndale's and Cover- dale's Testaments printed in England and abroad in the years 1536 to 1539, mostly described in this Catalogue. All these are too interesting and important to have been omitted probably for any cause short of accident, a slip of fortune, to which we are all liable. He is therefore here credited with good intentions while he is charged with careless practice in his tilting. We are told that where ignorance is bliss it is folly to be otherwise, but in this case our critic cannot be congratulated on his bliss. The dropping of these important stitches in the meshes he was weaving for another is doubtless a pure mistake. It is always well, however, in this naughty world that something of our doings should be scored as pure. We come now to the veritable pons asinorum 66 of the English Reforma- tion before which so many of our historians have shied or broken down ; I mean the ' Great Bible '0^539-1541, sometimes also called Cranmer's Bible, which, to use Mr Gladstone's language on another occasion, was the ' climax and consummation of the art of printing ' in England up to that time. Indeed, considering the times and state of the market, that it was wholly a private, individual, and mercantile enterprise, carried on at great personal peril and commercial risk by Marler, Grafton, Whitchurche, and other City merchants, in spite of ecclesiastical bigots not yet all dead, it may be considered the greatest effort of the press even to the present day. It was the culminating point of a great struggle for reform and civil liberty. When we contemplate the several steps of progress during the seven preceding years, we see now just how much this Great Bible was required to carry on, concentrate, and consummate the Reformation. These Great Bibles are the milestones that mark the advance of the English nation in civil liberty, civil law, refinement of language, personal freedom, statute law, popular election and legislation, the science of Government, public education, national self respect, domestic pros- perity, and foreign influence. With the seven distinct editions, 1539- The Flavour 19 1541, of these great and magnificent volumes scattered throughout the land, fifteen or twenty thousand copies, in the families of the nobility and gentry as well as in most of the eleven thousand parish churches, to say nothing of the precious seed planted on good ground by Tyndale, Coverdale, Rogers, Cranmer, and Cromwell, it was impossible for the English nation not to advance, though it might from time to time require a Philip and a Mary to steady its progress. We therefore hug these Great Bibles to our bosoms, and count them as the choicest gems of our libraries. It is for these reasons that I gave so much space to them in the Catalogue, N os 813-825, and made such prominent display of them in the Caxton Exhibition. There were certain preliminary steps, never to be forgotten, which contributed to this inestimable boon of free Scriptures, such as the fall of Wolsey, the divorce of Catharine of Aragon, the separation from Rome, the Royal Supremacy backed by Act of Parliament, the paving the road with the hardest and best heads, of More, Fisher and others ; the destruction of the monasteries, the force of royal proclamations, the Act of the Six Articles, the drawing of the fangs of Convocation ; and finally the Act of 1538 directing that all books of Scripture should have the sanction or licence of the King, the Privy Council or a bishop, which threw the whole matter, in spite of Convocation, into the hands of Cranmer and Cromwell. Some of these motions may at first sight appear retrograde, but if so, it was only the drawing back for a harder blow. The seven 6S ' 69 distinct editions of the ' Great Bible ' are identified and known by the several dates in their colophons. These are the editions, 1, of April 1539; 2, April 1540; 3, July 1540; 4, November 1540; 5, May 1541 ; 6, November 1541; and 7, December 1541. Besides these, the two November editions of 1540 and 1541 were both reissued with large portions of the volumes reprinted, thus making two more editions which I number 8 and 9. Five of these editions are very nearly alike and make up each other, viz. N° 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7. They are in large black letter, 62 lines on a full page, and on strong thick paper. The other editions of November are on thinner paper, 65 lines. The whole nine editions m have a fine showy woodcut border to the first title, all alike from the same cut, except that in the 4th 68 edition 69 of November 1540 and all subsequent editions the arms of Cromwell, who was beheaded on the 28 July 1540, are obliterated. 67 It is the aim of true bibliographers to find copies pure and distinct, with no leaves of other editions mixed. Mr Francis Fry's elaborate book on these nine editions is the best and surest guide. The wood-cut first title-page has generally hitherto been ascribed to Holbein, but Wornum in his life of Holbein, 60 and others have recently so strongly pronounced against this opinion, that it is now generally abandoned. I give on p. 2 1 a reduced facsimile of it, 4 by 3 inches, the original measuring 14 by 9! inches. 20 The Caxton Exhibition Let us now see how our learned Scholastikos treats this subject. His remarks, as usual, are worth quoting: "Next 15 in interest comes the first, 30 perhaps we should say the only 37 authorized edition — that of Henry VIII, printed by 5 " Grafton and Whitchurch in 1539, and celebrated in history as the Great Bible. Of this there are several copies [in the Exhibition], and the woodcut title, 53 said to have been designed by Hol- bein, l;o is worth studying. At the top the King is seated on a throne, 61 ensigned 6 " with his 63 arms, and surrounded by his courtiers, to whom he distributes copies of the book. At either side Cromwell and Cranmer, each also identified by his shield, are similarly employed; and round 63 the head of each person is a scroll, on which we read ' Vivat Rex,' 64 or, where the person represented is a child, 65 'God save the King,' for children, of course, could not be expected to cheer in Latin. 66 There is a tragic interest, too, about these curious pictures. 67 Among the copies exhibited is one in which the circular space previously filled with Cromwell's arms is left blank. The shield has disappeared in the interval between the issue of the two 68 copies. 69 " This is a masterpiece of packing — a dozen crammers in a dozen lines ! and yet so cleverly told that it requires an expert to detect the deception. When a gentleman describes to us beautiful flowers as blue which we know to be red we generally let it pass, for we know that he is colour- blind. In like manner, when a gentlemanly clergyman or Saturday reviewer tells us a string of historical facts which we know to be fictions, we either mentally wish Dogberry to write down his proper designation, or we regard him as truth-blind, and so let him parrotize at will. In this case it may be remarked that there is probably no evidence that the first edition of the ' Great Bible' of April 1539 was ever ' author- ized' 57 beyond the words ' cum privilegio,' etc. The book was a private mercantile venture, and the licence to print was as much a protection against rival printers as a privilege to publish. Great influence was used then and for the next four years to obtain royal recommendation to secure purchasers in families and churches. Again it was not printed by 58 Grafton and Whitchurche, although their names be on the title, but it is known to have been printed by Francois Regnault in Paris in 1538 under the editorship of Coverdale. Grafton and Whitchurche probably paid most of the expenses and sold the books for their own profit. The April 1540, or second edition, printed in London (Anthony Marler ad- vancing the money for printing, etc. and Grafton and Whitchurche, together or separately, acting as publishers), bore for the first time on the title the words 'Apoynted to the vse of the churches.' The 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th editions of 1540 and 1541 had also the same line ' Apoynted,' etc. Yet these words cannot be construed to mean ' author- ized.' They simply mean that in the almanac for every day in the year, and in the tables for Salisbury or other use, one may find the psalms, The Flavour 21 lessons, epistles and gospels, etc. pointed out or appointed for the use in churches. The Bishops' Bibles after 1572 bore both the words 'authorized ' and ' appointed,' but never, I believe, was the word ' author- ized ' so used before 1574- As to the description of the woodcut border of the title aM , a mere glance at the annexed reduced facsimile will show the incorrectness of it. Above the king the Almighty is seen among the clouds ; and the King, Henry VIII, with the royal arms at his feet, 62 seated in a large arm- chair, 61 is distributing the word of God, with his right hand to the archbishops and bis- hops (known by their mitres) representing the Church ; and with his left hand to the nobility, known by their coronets. Be- low in the centre of the inner margin is Cranmer, designated by his arms at his feet, giving out the word of God to the clergy, while on the other side of the title, just opposite, stands Cromwell, at foot his arms, distributing the Bible to the gentry. So far, among all these figures there is not one ' Vivat Rex.' 64 But in the double compartment at the bottom of the page under the title are crowds of the people both men and women standing and sitting between the two emblems of civilization, the pulpit and the prison, both fully occupied. The pulpit, apparently at Paul's Cross, is on the left side, occupied by a preacher with many listeners, mostly seated in the foreground, and standing crowded in the background. Among these are several scrolls with ' Vivat Rex,' 6i but 22 The Caxton Exhibition not round r ' 3 the head of each person. Over the crowd of men and women at back is a single scroll with ' God save the King.' On the right, opposite the pulpit is the prison, perhaps a tower of Newgate, across the precincts, with several prisoners looking at the crowd mostly facing them, some with ' Vivat Rex ' as before, and in the foreground two youths 65 seated on the ground and a man kneeling, underneath a scroll with ' God save the King.' There are no children, and therefore the poetic expression ' for children of course could not be expected to cheer in Latin ' GB is a stroke of the imagination worthy the palmy days of the Saturday Review. Lest our Scholastikos may attempt to shield himself at the expense of confessing that he had savoyed this whole account of the 'Great Bible' from a contemporary historian, even to the pretty fiction about the children cheering in Latin, I venture to give him the friendly advice that he had better not do that, because it will not look well, as a matter of taste, for his patron the Saturday to print beauties plagiarized from a writer whom it is never tired of abusing, misquoting, and savagely reviewing. The reader will by these comments and the facsimile perceive how utterly void of truth is the whole of the reviewer's description of the ' Great Bible' and its title, to say nothing of its many editions. It seems at first sight inconceivable that any writer can go on thus writing sen- tence after sentence crammed with error, deceit, and all uncharitable- ness. I can account for it only on the supposition that if he be a parson or pastor he may have caught from his flock the foot and mouth disease, because as Williams of the Crown says, he has it bad, least- wise, it is apparent that every time he opens his mouth he puts his foot in it. But lest my porch to this little catalogue may be mistaken for one intended for the Saturday Review itself, it becomes necessary to hasten to a conclusion. The reviewer now proceeds nearly a whole line without anything exceptional, until he stumbles into a hornet's nest of errors ; ' but we fail 70 to find any special 71 notice of the sole 72 English issue of Queen Mary's reign.' He then proceeds to say that in 1553 Whitchurche pub- lished a Bible " without note or comment," ' all the preliminary matter printed with the Great Bible, including the Calendar and the Table of Lessons, being omitted.' ' At least one 73 copy appears in the Catalogue.' ' Strange to say, those days of bigotry seem to have been favourable to Bible-printing; 71 for the same year, 1553, witnessed the appearance of the first Spanish edition,' 75 etc. In reply, the reader is referred to N os 874 and 875 of this Catalogue for special 71 notices of two copies of this very Bible, both of which were in the Exhibition, and displayed from its opening. Indeed, our critic seems not to have failed 70 to notice one 73 copy, and so contradicts himself. But the odd part of the joke is, that this plain and cheap edition of the Great Bible was issued by Whitchurche The F lav oi iv 2 1 * in Edward VI's reign and not in Mary's. It must have appeared before the 6th of July, 1553, when Edward died, for it is professedly a Protestant Bible, since we find at the end of it a table to find the Epistles and Gospels usually read in the Church, according to the boke of Common-Prayer. Scholastikos has thus managed, as usual, to misstate every fact, and then expresses surprise that in those days of bigotry 74 in England, a Bible should be printed in Spanish ~'° at Ferrara ! Of the notice of the Geneva New Testament first 70 divided into verses, 1557, he should have added 'in English,' for this division into verses is copied from Stephens' Greek and Latin Testament of 155 1. Pagninus had also divided the whole Bible into verses as early as 1528, see N° 746. Three 77 copies of the Breeches Bible, first edition, were exhibited, one on large paper, see N os 909, 910, 911. I must here plead guilty to having led our critic into error as to the number of 200 distinct editions 78 of this work. In writing my note under N° 909, not remem- bering the number of editions and for the moment not having time to look up my memoranda, I wrote the round number 200, charging my memory to count up the editions and correct the figures in the proof. The printer set it up in full and I never thought to correct the error. The true number cannot, I think, be more than 170. The critic has thus obtained this fact from the authority he disputes. For want of space I must omit to notice as it deserves the long rigma- role of errors and irrelevant nonsense about the edition of 1649 by the Stationers' Company. 79 " 89 There is nothing new in this long paragraph and very little that is true. There was a copy 90 of this edition belonging to myself exhibited, but by some mistake it failed to be entered in the Catalogue, a matter however of little consequence, inasmuch as it was a sole edition and a failure. I do not believe that this mixed edition had any influence in superseding the Genevan version or marking the period of its going out of use. The whole passage however is a fine display of useless information and might appear rather astounding to any one who did not know whence it was filched. Scholastikos next informs us with the air of a martyr that he does not ' find a single perfect copy of the first issue of the so-called Authorized Version.' 91 ' One, near the door, seems only to have its New 92 Testa- ment title;' wrong again, for the copy next to the door was Earl Spencer's fine and perfect copy with not only the New 92 Testament title but the original first title, with the woodcut border, and before the words " Ap- pointed to be read in churches" were added. This is N° 1036 of the present Catalogue. By its side was another fine and every way perfect copy of the same first issue of the 161 1 version having the engraved copperplate title, N° 1035, exhibited by myself. I refer the reader to my revised note under N° 1035 for a full answer to the critic's sneers and arbitrary, 100 foolish and ridiculous dicta respecting the first two editions 22* The Caxton Exhibition in 16 1 1 of the present version of our Bible. I have nothing to retract in that note and therefore the intelligent reader will see by my refer- ences 03 ' "' that the learned critic is floundering worse and worse in his egregious, bumptious, and random misstatements. It is indeed tiresome work this demolishing his old Spanish Castles 101 . We come now to the very marrow of our Scholastikos's reasoning, ipse dixit upon ipse dixit ! Egotism and London Assurance run mad, all at the expense of our Weakly which is made, if possible, more than ever ridiculous and that too without appearing to know it ! It is stated that the collection of editions of the Authorized 102 Version is wretchedly poor. 10: On the contrary, it was very rich, embracing with few exceptions all the prominent and best editions, according to the expressed opinions of trustworthy biblical bibliographers and critics. Indeed if any man challenge this statement I appeal to the Catalogue. Scholastikos however in his broad sweep admits one exception and says that the collection contains 'in fact only one volume of any importance, 104 the Bodleian copy of the famous Bible of 1631,' 103 that is, the 'Wicked Bible' (see N° 1075), ^h the word not left out of the seventh commandment. This remarkable statement simply proves, I think, that this remarkable critic, Scholastikos, must be a clergyman of the high and palmy state and a Fellow of the Society of the Holy Cross. None but a parson carrying such odour of sanctity about him would be likely to pronounce the ' Wicked Bible' (reading, by purely typographical error in the seventh commandment, 'Thou shalt commit adultery,') an edition of importance ! We are next informed that Scholastikos failed to find a first Oxford Testament, 107 a first Cambridge 10 " Testament, a Blaney's 110 quarto, a first Irish, 111 a first American, 11 " etc. or in fact, with the exception of the Wicked Bible, 114 any thing of great note in this department. I answer that the first Oxford Testament is as yet an unascertained fact, as far as I know. I am inclined to think that the New Testament of 1673 in small quarto, issued with the first Oxford Bible of 1675, was first issued separately. If so, this was the first Oxford Testament, a copy of which is N° 1 167. If this be not admitted then there were two editions of 1679 in octavo, both in the Bodleian, and both scarce. I know not which of the two was the earlier. I am sorry to disparage our witling's little conundrum about the first Oxford Testament, but one is really getting tired of it, for he has asked it four or five times during the past season in various articles in the Saturday Review with as yet no reply. He before asked it in his comments on Mr Gladstone's speech at the opening of the Caxton Exhibition, and since in his remarks on Mr Jones's address at the opening of the Librarians' Convention, page 419, of Oct. 6, in connection with Hamilton's Genealogies, which 'we are somewhere in- formed is wanting in the library of the British Museum. As to the first Cambridge Testament, if the reviewer means the little Geneva version of The Flavour 23 [1590?], in 48010, it could not be borrowed, only two copies being known to me, both inaccessible. If he means the small edition of 1628 it was there, see N° 1066. For the first Blaney's folio and quarto see N os 1261 and 1262. The first Irish 111 was there from the opening of the Exhi- bition and is described under N° 12 16*, dated Dublin, 17 14. If these corrective hornets do not sting our Saturday critic then he may be classed among the pachydermatous. We are next told that ' There is a poor 116 copy of the Scots Bible in octavo,' etc. On the contrary, this was perhaps the finest book that came to the Exhibition from Scotland, a fine clean and beautifully bound copy, in the original richly tooled binding, the pride of Mr David Laing's collection. It is described under N° 1078 of this catalogue. Who but a critic that is truth-blind could coolly record such false statements ? and if he could what is the object of such criticism ? It is beyond our comprehension. There seems to be a moral squint in the eye of this writer. You never know when it is looking at you or telling the truth. It is painful to be thus placed on one's guard all the time against rampant ignorance, distorted conceit and warped knowledge. No honest University education, one would think, could possibly have turned out in this country such a master of the long-bow ! He is mani- festly a graduate of Nature's University, a genus, if not a genius, of his own kind,— a self-made man — who adores his maker — and sees no good in the handiwork of any other Author. I confess that I am tired of commenting upon the prolific misstatements of this critic, and though I have numbered them from 1 to 141 in this single page of the Saturday Review, I must remind him and my readers that all this false criticism relates exclusively to the English Bibles, which formed only a small and later portion of the Bible Exhibition. One trembles for him and the Saturday when he undertakes to discourse upon the early Bibles in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, German, Bohemian, and many other languages, to say nothing of the Great Polyglots, parts of Bibles, etc. which are collated and described in this our little Catalogue — nearly a thousand selected out of about thirty thousand. But I leave the last score or two of my references untouched, having exhausted myself rather than the subject. The Saturday has had its fling and I have now fired my blank cartridge as promised, and come what may, shall continue to read the Review hoping in the future to find as in the past, now and then, an article of sterling merit, true, fair, noble, manly and generous. There are occasional articles in it that refresh one like the balmy breath of the south wind in springtime, and make one forget all these mountains of stuff and nonsense like the writings of Scholastikos and his kind. I ask no remedy, knowing that the Saturday Review is seldom brought to its apologetic knees as it was in italics by the Daily News on the 13th of October last, on its page 467. But I confess I c* 24 The Caxton Exhibition should like to see in it hereafter a little less smartness, with a good deal more truthfulness. Its egotism and conceit might be lowered a peg with advantage to itself and the community. If there be virtue in this prescription for the Saturday's present weak Ies let us be content with the old saw, ' virtue is its own reward.' It is not that I like the Saturday Review less that I have squeezed this flavour into my little book, but because its erroneous criticism afforded a good opportunity to e\i>ose some of the common errors entertained by recent historians and more recent writers concerning our printed Bible, that drifted into it. If I have failed this time, a little grape on the next occasion may perhaps suffice. Henrv Stevens of Vermont. 4 Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross, London February 3, 1878 lyoXao-TMoi; "<; tIkt ayaitirr 2ov& X£wt»v}/tov =0© ■'■■■ y"—*-} WmH^'v.^. ' WjJUIliiiliii"""'''" ^K '^ g^k . «fc H^i^-l Er //* ; 'fB ^"flWfi^i^^^ IJillM5§ ^s fM^I =E5 INTRODUCTION THE HISTORY OF PRINTING AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE PRINTED BIBLE, 1450— 1877. HE secular history of the Holy Scriptures is the sacred history of Printing. The Bible was the first book printed, and the Bible is the last book printed. Between 1450 and 1877, an interval of four centuries and a quarter, the Bible shows the progress and comparative development of the art of printing in a manner that no other single book can ; and Biblical bibliography proves that during the first forty years, at least, the Bible exceeded in amount of printing all other books put together ; nor were its quality, style, and variety a whit behind its quantity. The honour of producing the first, and, as many think, the most perfect book, is now ascribed to Gutenberg alone, Fust not coming in D 26 The Printed Bibles in for a share of the credit of the invention until after his famous lawsuit in 1455, when the Bible had been finished. We call it, therefore, the Gutenberg Bible, and have no sympathy for any French name given to it simply because a copy found in a Paris library had the honour of being described by a French bookseller. After this suit, when Fust took over the business and associated Schoeffer with himself, there was probably a dispersion of the craft from Mentz to Bamberg, Strasburg, and other places, just as there subsequently was when Mentz in 1462 was besieged and taken by Adolphus, Duke of Nassau. As the Art spread from Mentz throughout Germany, Italy, France, and the Low Countries, the Bible was generally the first, or among the first books printed by each of the early printers, though unquestionably during the progress of these great volumes through the press the several presses threw off a variety of smaller pieces, especially Indulgences and other ty- pical or typographical aids of the Church, some of which perchance might bear dates earlier than the Bibles themselves, which were on the anvils at the same time. Some half-dozen huge folio Bibles in Latin and German, besides the magnificent Psalters of 1457 and 1459, had appeared in type before a single volume of the Classics saw the " new lamp for the new learning." First and foremost of the ancient Classics came forth Cicero's De Officiis, in 1465, a little volume about the size of the Book of Genesis, followed soon after by his De Oratore and Episloltz ad Familiares. Then came the ever-popular Virgil and Caesar in 1469, and Pliny the Elder the next year. Ovid followed in 1471, and Valerius Maximusin 1472. Petrarch, Dante, and Boccaccio were fortunate enough among the modern classics to be set in type in 1470, 147 1, and 1472, while the Canterbury Tales of Chaucer appeared some five or six years later from the press of Caxton. The first book in Greek came from the Milan press in 1476, followed by the first Greek classic author, dear old ^Esop, in 1480, while the great Homer himself (reminding one of his own grim joke of Poly- phemus) was held back and not devoured by the press till 1488. In a word, up to the time of the discovery of America, in 1492, Colum- bus might have counted upon his fingers all the old classic authors (including Ptolemy and Strabo in their unbecoming Latin dress) who could throw any geographical light on the questions which the Great the C ax ton Exhibition 27 Discoverer was discussing with the theologians of Spain ; while, covering the same period, the editions of the Bible alone, and the parts thereof, in many languages and countries, will sum up not far less than one thousand, and the most of these of the largest and costliest kind. We have been endeavouring for the last quarter of a century or more to compile as complete a list of printed Bibles and Parts of Bibles as possible from the earliest period to the present time, and the remarkable result is a table of some 30,000 titles, representing about 35,000 volumes. By throwing all this vast store of Biblical bibliography into one strictly chronological list, we see at a glance what Biblical work was going on in every part of the world under each year, or any given year, and compara- tively how the production of the Holy Scriptures in one country or language ranged with those of another. We see, for instance, that all the earliest printed Bibles were in the Latin Vulgate, the first complete edition of the Septuagint not having been issued from the press of Aldus till the year 15 18, the very year of the 14th German Bible. The earliest printed Bibles in the modern European languages were the first and second German Bibles by Mentelin and Eggesteyn, of Strasburg, of rather uncertain date, but certainly not later than 1466. In 147 1 ap- peared at Venice two translations into Italian — the one by Malermi, printed by Vindelin de Spira, and the other by Nicolas Jenson. In 1477 was printed the first New Testament in French by Buyer, at Lyons, and the same year appeared the first edition of the Old Testament in Dutch, printed at Delft by Jacob Jacobs zoen and Mauritius Yemants zoen. In 1480 was published the splendid Bible in the Saxon or Low German language, from the press of Heinrich Quentel, of Cologne, followed by a second edition in 1491, and a third in 1494. The Psalms, in Dutch, first came out in 1480, in small octavo, and in Greek and Latin in 148 1, while the first Hebrew Pentateuch appeared in 1482. The entire Bible done into French paraphrase was published by Guyard de Moulins in 1487. A full translation appeared in the Bohemian language, printed at Prague in 1488. The same year appeared the entire Old Testament in Hebrew from the press of Abraham ben Chayim de' Tintori, at Soncino. This chronological arrangement shows us also many noteworthy points, such as that nearly all the earliest Bibles were huge folios ; that the first Bibles printed at Rome and Venice appeared in 147 1, and that the sixth 28 The Printed Bibles in German Bible by G. Zainer, in 1475, at Augsburg, was the first with the leaves folioed or numbered ; that the first quarto Bible appeared in 1475, printed by John Peter de Ferratis at Placentia, which was also the first book printed at Placentia; that the first of Coburger's celebrated Bibles appeared in Nuremberg in 1475, and that by the end of the cen- tury no less than thirteen large folio Bibles had come from this house alone ; that the four splendid Bibles printed in 1476 all bear the printers' signatures, though it is difficult to say with certainty which was the first — viz., that of Moravus at Naples, Jenson at Venice, Gering, Crantz, and Friburger at Paris, or that of F. de Hailbrun and N. de Frankfordia at Venice ; that the first Bible with a distinct title-page was printed at Venice, by George de Ravabenis in 1487, in small quarto ; and that the first Bible in small octavo, or " the poor man's Bible," was the earliest, or among the earliest books, from the press of Johann Froben, of Basle, in 149 1, and is certainly one of the neatest and tidiest Bibles in our Collection. This splendidly illuminated and bound copy is lent us from the Bodleian Library. Prior to the discovery of America no less than twelve grand patri- archal editions of the entire Bible, being of several different transla- tions, appeared from time to time in the German language ; to which add the two editions by the Otmars of Augsburg of 1507 and 15 18, and we have the total number of no less than fourteen distinct large folio pre- Reformation, or ante-Lutheran Bibles. No other language except the Latin can boast of anything like this number. As the discovery of America was the greatest of all discoveries, so the invention of the Art of Printing may be called the greatest of all in- ventions. But no sooner had Columbus reported his grand discovery through the press than the Pope assumed the whole property in the un- known parts of the earth, and divided it all at once between the two little Powers in the Peninsula, wholly disregarding the rights and titles of the other nations of Europe. The same little game of assumption has been tried, from time to time, with regard to this great invention, but the press has a protective power within itself, which the Church can smother only with ignorance and mental darkness. From this rapid survey it will be apparent that our earliest Bibles, many of them printed most sumptuously on vellum, must have each cost the Caxton Exhibition 29 the price of a farm. Later they could be had for a cow, but now a morn- ing's milking of a cow will procure for a farmer a first-class well-bound Bible in his own language. At this late day it is difficult to arrive at the precise dates of several of the earliest and most important printed Bibles, most of the dates having been first assumed by bibliographers without sufficient authority, and subsequently followed by others without inquiry. From an inscrip- tion by one Cremer, the illuminator and binder of the Gutenberg Bible, now in the National Library of Paris, we know positively that the book was printed before August, 1456. From another inscription in a copy of Pfister's Bible, also in the Paris Library, the work is assigned to Bamberg, before 1461, but the church register of Bamberg shows that this Bible was printed prior to March, 1460. More recently it has been announced and confirmed that the copy of the first of Mentelin's Latin Bibles, in the Library of Freiburg in Breisgau, bears an inscription by the rubricator showing that these important volumes had been printed prior to 1460 and 1461. With these new data, and a new scrutiny by the light of recent biblio- graphy, and new comparisons of our undated Bibles with books of positive dates and known printers, brought together, like the present Caxton Memorial Collection, to say nothing of the great aid derived from our recent photo-bibliography, or means of safely comparing books in one library with those of another, it is to be hoped that the day of more exact bibliography is at hand. It will not surprise us to find that the order of printing of the first seven of the great German Bibles, all of which are without dates, may be hereafter somewhat modified, or that our new scrutiny may even yet develop new or unrecognized editions in every de- partment of Biblical research. We therefore, for the extraordinary opportunity afforded us for com- paring and collating rare Bibles and other valuable books in this unique Caxton Memorial Collection, tender herewith our warmest thanks to each and all of our contributors, and more especially to Her Majesty the Queen, His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, the Earl Spencer, Earl of Jersey, Earl of Leicester, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Curators of the Bodleian Library, the University Library, Cambridge, the University Library, Edin- burgh, Sion College, the British and Foreign Bible Society, the Advocates' 30 The Printed Bibles in Library, Edinburgh, the Signet Library, Edinburgh, Mr. W. Amhurst Tys- sen-Amhurst, Mr. Francis Fry, Mr. David Laing, Mr. Thomas Longman, Mrs. Jolyffe, the Rev. Dr. Gott, Vicar of Leeds, the Dean of St. Paul's, Mr. Henry White, Rev. Dr. Ginsburg, Mr. M. Ridgway, Mr. E. S. Kowie, Mr. C. D. Sherborn, Mr. J. Mathers, Mr. George Tawse, Rev. L. B. Kaspar, Sir Charles Reed, Mr. H. Cleaver, the University Press, Cambridge, the University Press, Oxford, Mr. Thomas Stapleton, Mr. A. Gardyner, Messrs. Bagster and Sons, Messrs. Spottiswoode and Co., and others ; but still more are our thanks due to Mr. Henry J. Atkinson, who has liberally lent us above four hundred editions of the Bible in all languages. Some of these editions are of very considerable rarity and value, while others, though not of the choicest or rarest kind, are, very many of them, of the middle class of Biblical Bibliography, which are so difficult to meet with and which are of such immense importance to the student in arriving at a clear history of editions, versions, and transla- tions. Scores of these editions are not in our national library, and we know not where else to lay our hands upon them. Our collection boasts of nearly all the earliest and most famous Bibles and Psalters, together with representative editions of the later revisions, translations, versions, and languages down to the present time, to the extraordinary number of above one thousand editions. This unexpected and overwhelming liberality of our patrons has very nearly overwhelmed and buried the arranger and cataloguer, but he trusts that great biblkr graphical good will eventually result from this rare opportunity of com- parison, collation, and scrutiny. Rare Bibles, early New Testaments, the Psalms, and other parts of the Scriptures are, it is well known, scattered all over the country; and we trust that people who possess them will bring or send up these lost children, and have them identified and pro- perly registered. We shall willingly undertake this additional labour for the sake of the opportunity of discovering new and hitherto undescribed editions. The famous collection of Bibles in the Royal Library of Stuttgard is said to exceed eight thousand editions ; but by comparison of the catalogue of our present Caxton Celebration Collection with the catalogue by Adler, printed in 1787, the patient and curious reader will see that more than one-half of our collection is not represented at Stuttgard. So the Caxton Exhibition 31 likewise of the extraordinarily rich collection of some five thousand titles of Bibles in the library of Wolfenbiittel. The collection of Bibles and parts thereof in the Lenox Library of New York in all languages, is pro- bably unsurpassed in rare and valuable editions, especially in the English language, by any library, public or private. Mr. Francis Fry, of Bristol, the indefatigable collector, has succeeded in bringing together above one thousand editions of the English Bible, Testaments, Psalms, &c, most of them prior to 1700, to say nothing of above one hundred editions in ancient and foreign languages. The Rev. Dr. Ginsburg, of Wokingham, possesses a unique collection, astonishingly rich in early and rare Latin, German and Hebrew Bibles and parts thereof, including, we believe, the whole fourteen pre-Reformation German Bibles, and almost every edition of Luther's early Bibles and parts, the genuine as well as the counterfeit editions. Besides these his collection contains many other editions in other languages, both ancient and modern, to the extent, in all, of be- tween two and three thousand editions ; and, what is of infinite import- ance to Bible and bibliographical students, the Doctor makes his collection as free to them as to himself. But the Library of the British Museum to-day contains probably by far the richest collection of Bibles and Parts thereof in the world, numbering at present above sixteen thousand titles ; but even this our Caxton Celebration Collection, so hastily brought together, contains very many editions not to be found in our national library. Notwithstanding the active research of many eminent scholars for the last three centuries, Biblical Bibliography is even now but in its infancy. The subject is so vast that no general bibliographer can more than indicate certain special and prominent editions. It is now more than one hundred and fifty years since Le Long published in Latin the last edition of his bibliography of the Bible. The work was excellent in its day, but very imperfect in many departments, especially English. About a century ago Masch re-edited and vastly improved certain parts of Le Long, especially the editions of the Bible in the ancient languages. He left the work, however, unfinished ; so that for Bibles in most of the modern languages we have still to refer to Le Long. In this brief sketch of the History of Printing, as illustrated by the reproduction of the Bible by moveable types, we have left ourselves 32 The Printed Bibles in space merely to allude to the first five editions of Erasmus's New Testa- ment in Greek and Latin, 1516-35, a work which marks the beginning of a new era in Biblical bibliography ; to the Psalter of Giustiniani in five languages, printed at Genoa in 15 16, with the first life of Columbus in the long note on the nineteenth Psalm, in which are given some im- portant particulars of Columbus's second voyage along the southern coast of Cuba, nowhere else to be found ; to the first Bible in Greek, the Septuagint from the press of Aldus of Venice, in 15 18; and above all to the first Great Polyglot Bible of Cardinal Ximenes, printed at Alcala in six large folio volumes between the years 15 14 and 15 17, though not published till 1520, the most memorable monument of typo- graphy the world had yet seen. Nothing less than the inpouring wealth of the Indies, combined with the overbearing power of Ximenes, at that time could have collected the manuscripts, collated and edited them, and printed these splendid volumes in such a sumptuous manner in the short space of fifteen years ! While Ximenes was building up this great monument in Spain, Wolsey was about building Hampton Court. Two Cardinal virtues ! It would be curious to inquire which cost the more money, the Polyglot or the Palace, and which won the greater honour ! This brings our running narration down to the time of Luther, Pro- testant Germany, and Scripture-hungry England. The presses of Caxton and his successors had been more than half-a-century in operation, and yet not a chapter of the Bible had ever appeared, as such, printed in the English language. It is true that in his Golden Legend Caxton had printed in 1483 in English nearly the whole of the Pentateuch, and a great part of the Gospels, under the guise of the lives of Adam, Abraham, Moses, the Apostles, and others ; but all was mingled with so much of priestly gloss and dross that though probably read in churches it was never recognized as the Holy Scriptures. The Liber Festivalis of 1483 con- tained also some Scripture paraphrases ; and in 1509 Wynkyn de Worde printed a fine edition of the Apocryphal Gospel of Nicodemus. These were the nearest approaches that the English people made to the printed Bible in our own tongue. It is true that many copies of the Bible and New Testament translated into English by Wycliffe and his followers were scattered throughout the country in manuscript, and had given educated people and persons of quality a taste of the Book of Books. the C ax ton Exhibition 33 It is not unlikely that had not the bones of Wycliffe, buried in the little churchyard of Lutterworth, been dug up and burnt, and his ashes cast into the Swift, by order of the Council of Constance, under the pious protective benevolence of the Church and priesthood, in the first quarter of the fifteenth century, Caxton in the last quarter of the same century might have begun in England his great work of printing, like most of the great printers of the Continent, with the Bible in his native tongue, and thus have modernized Wycliffe's Bible, and cast it into another and a rapider Swift. But Caxton was prudent and wise, as well as a man of business. He had witnessed the storm, and recognized the obstructive and selfish power which gloried in mental darkness, and taught ignorance as the peculiar knowledge and birthright of the people. It was a part of the same piece of priestly wisdom that a few years later gave itself utterance in a sermon at Paul's Cross, in these ever-memorable words : " We must root out printing, or printing will root out us." So Caxton and his suc- cessors, taking the prudent and business-like course, printed what was most likely to sell in peace; and so the Scriptures in our vernacular tongue saw not the dawn in England, but awaited the broad daylight of the Re- formation, in the second quarter of the sixteenth century, long after they were familiar to the Germans, the Italians, the Dutch, and the Bohemians. The educated of England, however, were not ignorant of the Scrip- tures, for Coburger of Nuremberg, and probably other continental printers, had established warehouses in London, for the sale of Latin Bibles, as early as 1480, and perhaps earlier. There is an instructive letter in the Public Record Office from Coverdale and Grafton to Crom- well, written from Paris the 12th of September, 1538, in behalf of their host, Francis Regnault, who was then printing the " Great Bible " for them: "Where as of long tyme he [Regnault] hath bene an occupier into England more than xl. yere, he hath allwayes provyded soche bookes for England, as they moost occupied, so y l he hath a great nombre at this present in his handes as Prymers in Englishe, Missoles w' other soche like : wherof now (by y e company of y e Booksellers in London) he is utterly forbydden to make sale, to the utter undoying of the man. Wherfore most humbly we beseke yo r lordshippe to be gracious and favourable unto him, y' he may have lycence to sell those which he hath E 34 The Printed Bibles in done allready, so y* hereafter he prynte no moo in the english tong, onlesse he have an english man y' is lerned, to be his correcto r Yf yo r 1. shewe him this benefyte we shall not fare the worse in the readynesse and due expedicion of this yo r 1. worke of the Byble, which goeth well forwarde, and within few moneths will drawe to an ende," etc. From the time of Luther the Continent was filled with new and cheaper issues of the Bible and every part of it, not only in Latin and Greek, but in the modern languages. The history of Bible printing in Germany, Switzerland, and the Low Countries, though in many instances opposed and even prohibited, remains no secret or mystery. The French and Italians printed extensively in the ancient languages, but the Church managed to have small call for the Scriptures in the vulgar tongues which the people could read and comprehend. The history of Luther's own translations and publications of the Scriptures, 1522-34, first by instal- ments as fast as he could get the parts ready, then by revisions and complete works in 1534, is well known. But the bibliography of Luther's early pieces, counterfeits, reprints, &c, requires careful revision. Again, much is to be still settled in the Biblical bibliography of the many edi- tions of the Bible and parts thereof, in various languages, printed by Froschover of Zurich, from his little i6mo Swiss-German Bible, in five vols, 1527-29, and his folio revision of Luther in five parts, 1525-29, the Prophets and Apocrypha done by Leo Jude, Zwingle, and others. The story of the learned Robert Stephens and the printing of his Bibles and New Testaments in Paris, as told by the late M. Firmin Didot, is one of the most interesting in the literary history of printing and printers. Yet though encouraged, protected, and favoured by Francis as far as any king could protect a subject against the wiles of the Church, at last poor Stephens was driven in exile to Geneva for his Bibles and Testaments ; so that to this day the Bibles and Testaments of Robert Stephens remain the glory and the shame of France. Germany was not only boiling over for liberty and free Scriptures, but scholars of advanced thoughts flocked thither from all parts of the world. But Flanders was the paradise of printers, and Antwerp, at this time, the very centre of it, because it enjoyed some special privileges for its citizens within their own dwellings, by which the Burgomaster could resist imperial authority, and disregard imperial emissaries. Any the Caxton Exhibition 35 Belgian could print what he liked, and sell it if he could at home and abroad. Hence, disregarding the counsel of St. Paul, according to an old translator, against " making marchandize of the Word of God," it became an extensive and lucrative business of the Low Countries to supply England and France with printed Bibles and Testaments in their own languages. Besides this, the Flemings themselves fanned the Re- formation by producing a very large number of Bibles in their own language, for their own consumption, between 1520 and 1550, though the Emperor's Ordinance of 1529 was very stringent against heretical or Lutheran books and anonymous printing of all kinds, especially the Holy Scriptures in the vulgar tongues. Finally the high tide of the Reformation reached England in 1526 in the shape of a beautiful New Testament in English by William Tyndale. The people soon got a taste of the Word of God in their own language, and a Christian Association was formed in London to read and circulate the Scriptures even in the Universities. Here read the stories of Garret and Dalaber. Within the first ten years probably as many as fifteen dis- tinct editions of Tyndale's New Testament in English, of not less than three thousand copies each, were printed and sold. Tyndale himself living abroad ran the gauntlet of persecution as few men had done, being driven from place to place for six or seven years, till he was found out and hunted down in 1534, imprisoned in May, 1535, and burnt in 1536. The public demand for his Testaments was very great, and no power could check their importation, sale, and consumption. Edition after edition appeared silently in England, but from whence nobody cared to inquire. They were certainly not printed in England. Tyndale himself was scented and ferreted out by English emissaries sent abroad for the purpose, and run down like a wolf. Even his friends and fol- lowers in England who could be proved to have read or to possess even a New Testament were also hunted through London and the Universi- ties as the greatest of criminals ; and this, too, even after the King had replaced the Pope and become the chief head of the Church of England. But all this raid and tirade of the learned doctors of divinity against Scripture readers only lowered the Church whilst it raised the people. Bibles, Psalms, Testaments, and other parts of the Bible thenceforth increased in England to an extent wholly unknown in any other country 36 The Printed Bibles in or nation. Though late in getting possession of themselves and their liberties, the people of England succeeded to a surprising degree ; basing their rights and liberties more on their Bibles than anything else. No wonder, then, that the editions of the Bible in English, since 1535, have not only outnumbered those of any other nation, but in the aggre- gate, including America, exceed those of all other languages. With all these vast accumulations of Bibles and Biblical history, what is at present the extent of our positive knowledge concerning the history and production of our early English Bibles and Testaments prior to 1550, or even later? More than a hundred industrious writers from the time of Lewis to to-day, have ransacked every corner of Christendom in search of facts respecting Tyndale, Coverdale, and Rogers. In a wonderfully small degree they have gleaned a few items respecting the persecuted Tyndale and his New Testaments, but many of these facts require confirmation. As to Coverdale and our first Complete English Bible, finished the 4th of October, 1535, the most precious volume in our language, what do we know? Absolutely next to nothing. The volume itself tells us the day it was finished, but where it was printed, or by whom, or for whom, or under what circumstances, no his- torian or bibliographer has as yet given us any trustworthy information. No literary mystery for the past three centuries has elicited so much inquiry, or so many investigators, especially of late and latest years ; yet up to the opening day of this Caxton Celebration, the 30th of June, 1877, all is but mere conjecture. Some have assigned the production of the volume to Lubeck, others to Frankfort, still others to Zurich, Ham- burg, Cologne, Worms, Strasburg, and even Marlboro in the land of Hesse ; while some say that it came from the press of Egenolph, others detect in it the master hand of Froschover, and still others attribute it to Quentel or some one else ; but all to no purpose. The very variety of these conjectures proves their falsity, and shows that they are really and truly mere conjectures, without the slightest base or foundation. The woodcuts used in the " Coverdale Bible " have indeed been traced into the possession of James Nicolson, printer in St Thomas's Hospital, Southwark, in 1535, but not a scrap of the type used in that first English Bible has ever yet, so far as we can learn, been seen or identified in any other book printed at home or abroad. We have ourself, for more than the Caxton Exhibition 37 a quarter of a century, spent much time in comparing translations, type, cuts, initial letters, and the general and particular style and make-up of various Continental printers, mousing and groping among old books of all sorts, in search of traces of Coverdale in 1534 and 1535. The results are numerous, but entirely negative. We have had the satisfaction, from time to time, of narrowing down the field of research, and positively con- vincing ourself, first, that the book could not have come from the press of Egenolph, then of Froschover, and so on, but never a bit of positive testimony has greeted our eyes in favour of the true story. But at last, when all our researches for new bibliographical fields to explore had been exhausted, and just as we were forced to the conclusion that no analytical exploration was ever likely to reward us, the long-kept secret dropped into our open mouth of its own mere motion and ripeness, as if it desired to be in time for the Caxton Celebration. We comprehended the whole story in a minute, and realized it instantly with a thrill of delight we can never attempt to describe, though it showed us how utterly vain and un- profitable all our researches and comparisons of type, cuts, paper, water- marks, inks, and other printer's etcetera had been. The naked facts were before us in all their simplicity and truthfulness before we had time to understand how far away our historical and antiquarian investigations, primed by our so-called human reason, had drifted us. Let us now return to Coverdale and his Bible. In his Preface to the Reader, Coverdale says, " For the which cause (accordynge as I was desyred anno 1534) I toke the more vpon me to set forth this specyall translacyon." This important date, "anno 1534," was interpolated in Froschover's [Hester's] edition of 1550, no doubt on good authority. Coverdale also informs us, in the first paragraph of his Preface to the Reader, after alluding manifestly to Tyndale, or perhaps to George Joye, " which were not onely of rype knowledge, but wold also with al theyr hartes haue perfourmed that they beganne eyf they had not had impediment," etc. " These and other reasonable causes considered, I was the more bold to take it in hande." He then tells us that various translations were put into his hands which he was glad to " followe for the most parte, accordynge as I was requyred. But to saye the trueth before God, it was nether my laboure ner desyre to haue this worke put in my hande ; neuertheles it greued me y l other nacyos shulde be more 38 The Printed Bibles in plentcously prouyded for with y e Scripture in theyr mother tongue then we ; therfore whan I was instantly requyred, though I coulde not do so well as I wolde, I thought it yet my dewtye to do my best." Again, in his Dedication to King Henry VIII, Coverdale says, " as the holy goost moued other men to do the cost herof, so was I boldened in God, to laboure in the same." These and several other expressions and explana- tions of Coverdale — in some of which he speaks of the translation as his own, and in others of himself, as being employed or required to " set forth," that is, to see the translation through the press — have been com- mented upon scores of times, but always without satisfaction. But all these mysterious extracts will read much clearer when we add that there was at that time a certain young man of position living in Ant- werp, a great linguist, of good education and natural endowments— so high indeed as to enable him " to distinguish well light from darkness," that is, to be a Protestant, who was the "begetter" of this "specyall transla- cyon." In his youth he had been taught the art of printing ; and in manhood his chosen profession or business, in which he manifested great zeal, was in producing at Antwerp a translation of the Bible into English " for the advancement of the Kingdom of Christ in England," says his biographer ; " and for this purpose he employed a certain learned scholar named Miles Coverdale." This simple statement, which we believe to be perfectly authentic, and which has been lying under our noses in most of our libraries for two centuries and a half unnoticed, narrows the matter down to Antwerp, and assigns the honour of producing our first English Bible to that city, an honour which will be acknowledged by coming generations of English- men as well as Americans, who, while they inquire, with guide-book in hand, for the pictures of Rubens, will not forget the home of Jacob van Meteren, the probable translator of our first Bible, who employed Miles Coverdale to " set forth" and father " this specyall translacyon." All honour to Miles Coverdale, the learned scholar, the modest self-sacrificing student, the earnest simple-hearted Christian, who was unquestionably the best proof-reader and corrector of his age ; to whom, perhaps, more than any other one man of his time, William Tyndale himself not excepted, the English language owes a debt of gratitude for its clearness, pointedness, and simplicity. That he left in this our first complete the Caxton Exhibition 39 English Bibles some few foreignisms and some inverted English is not surprising when we find that the dozen corps of revisers since have not seen fit or been able to exclude them. Coverdale's duties and responsibilities in revising and setting forth this special translation at Antwerp in 1534-35, at the cost and charges of Jacob van Meteren, who was also, we believe, its original translator out of " Douche and Latyn " into English, were, we take it, precisely the same as when in 1537-38 he revised and set forth the Great Bible in Paris at the cost and charges of Grafton and Whitchurch. In the latter case he was the nominee of Thomas Cromwell, and similarly, we suppose, when he was " instantly required" at Antwerp in 1534, he received his appointment through Cromwell, who, it is well known, since 15 10 had been in close and confidential personal connection with affairs of the English Company of Adventurers at Antwerp. From 1527 to 1539 we know that Coverdale was on the most friendly and cordial terms with Cromwell, yielding his mind, his services, and his judgment to that great statesman, so much so that in 1535 he was probably the only man who would have been allowed to put his name to a dedication to the King, and Preface to the Reader of an English Bible. He was employed and required not only to revise and see the Bible through the press, but to father the translation. There are a few interesting circumstances which we may not omit even here, respecting Jacob van Meteren, his family and connections. About the year 1480 William Ortelius and his family, on account of their religion, removed from Augsburg to Antwerp, where the family became one of the most distinguished. Not long after there removed from Breda to Antwerp Cornelius van Meteren and his family. Jacob, the son of Cornelius van Meteren, married in 1534 (?) Ottilia, the accomplished daughter of William Ortelius, and aunt to the afterwards famous Abraham Ortelius, the Geographer. These two Protestant families were very intimate, and were soon after joined, by intermarriage, by an Englishman named John Rogers, alias Thomas Matthew. Rogers had nominally taken the post of Chaplain to the English Company of Adventurers, which had been held by Tyn- dale, and perhaps by Coverdale. Tyndale having had, as all the world knows, " impediment " in producing the Bible, Coverdale " was the more 40 The Printed Bibles in bold to take it in hande." But Van Meteren soon found new and greater impediment. The London bookbinders and stationers, finding the market filled with foreign books, especially Testaments, made complaint ln x 533-34, and petitioned for relief; in consequence of which a statute was passed compelling foreigners to sell their editions entire to some London stationer in sheets, so that the binders might not suffer. This new law was to come into operation about the beginning of 1535. In consequence of this law, Jacob van Meteren, as his Bible approached completion, was obliged to come to London to sell the edition. We have reason to believe that he sold it to James Nicolson of Southwark, who not only bought the entire edition, but the woodcuts, and probably the punches and type ; but if the latter, they were doubtless lost in trans- mission, as they have never turned up in any shape since. All the copies of the Coverdale Bible, in the original condition, as far as we know, have appeared in English binding, thus confirming this law of 1534. While Van Meteren was absent in England, in 1535, the Imperial authorities, instigated probably by some of the English emissaries at Ant- werp, went to the house of Van Meteren to search it, ostensibly for the per- son of Leonard Ortelius, the father of Abraham, and the uncle of Ottilia, to arrest him as a Lutheran, but really to search for forbidden books, such as English Bibles and New Testaments. The searchers, who were harsh and cruel, gave Madame Ottilia great alarm. She prayed fervently to Almighty God that they might not find what they were in search of, and promised that if she and her's were protected, she would so mark this great providence of God by naming the child she was about to give birth to, if a son, as to commemorate the circumstances. Though the searchers frequently laid their hands on the very chest that contained the hidden books, they did not find them. On the 9th of July, 1535, a son was born to her, and keeping her promise she named him Emanuel, that is, " God with us." This boy, twin brother of the Coverdale Bible, became a distinguished man, a scholar, and an historian. He passed most of his life in London as merchant and Belgian Consul. He died the 1 8th of April, 1 6 1 2, in his 77 th year. He never forgot the circumstances preceding his birth, and frequently wrote his name "Emanuel Quis-contra-nos ? " "If God be with us, who can be against us?" For this fitting appendage to his name he was indebted to his cousin, Daniel Rogers, the distinguished diplo- the Caxton Exhibition 41 matist and Latin poet, the eldest son of John Rogers, the proto-martyr, who, in 1536-37, "set forth" again at Antwerp for Jacob van Meteren, under the assumed name of Thomas Matthew, a splendid edition of the Bible, called now Matthew's Version, the whole edition of which was sold to Grafton, as before the Coverdale Bible had been sold to Nicolson. A mystery has long hung over " Matthew's Version," since it is well known that part of it is Tyndale's, part Coverdale's, and only a portion revised by Rogers himself. Matthew's New Testament has recently been proved by Mr. Francis Fry, of Bristol, to be a reprint of Tyndale's last revision, the edition of 1535-4, with the combined initials of Tyndale and Van Meteren on the title page. Mr. Francis Fry, under his No. a 4, calls this edition G H, but has hitherto been unable to ■■ I L explain the monogram. Our suggestion is that the G H ^■'^A/'^^^ means the translator, Guillaume Hytchins, the assumed -«V»- name of William Tyndale ; the other letters being the initials of the printer and proprietor, I v M, that is, Jacob van Meteren. If this be true, the fact reconciles much. The property or copyright belonged to Van Meteren, who, employing Rogers, had the right to produce Matthew's Bible by combining in it parts of Tyndale and Coverdale, which were his own property. These are only a few of the circumstances that have come to light. Further and more careful investigation may compel us to somewhat modify some of these details, and to qualify others ; but, on the whole, we trust that our hurried account is substantially correct. We are in- debted for the larger part of our statement to the Rev. Symeon Ruytinck, the bosom friend of our Emanuel Quis contra nos ? who was, we believe, for a time connected with the Dutch Church of Austin Friars in London. It is contained in a brief biographical notice by him of Emanuel van Meteren, appended to that distinguished writer's History of Belgium, published in the Flemish language at the Hague in 16 14, and in French at the same place in 1618. In the precious volume of some 400 autograph letters, addressed by many of the learned of the world between 1560 and 1595 to Abraham Ortelius, belonging to this Dutch Church, and now preserved in the Guildhall Library, are two very long autograph letters of our Emanuel van Meteren, one or two of Daniel Rogers, and something of Rev. F 42 Caxton Exhibition Symeon Ruytinck. Honour to them all, however remote and small the light they throw on our dear old Coverdale Bible, and treble honour and blessing on the memory of Jacob and Ottilia van Meteren, to whom we owe our first Bible. They lived together happily, finished their great work together, and perished together. Let their names become house- hold words in England, and let them be loved and honoured together as long as the language of the Coverdale Bible lasts. Towards the end of the reign of Edward VI, finding Antwerp unsafe for them on account of their religion, they resolved to remove with all their effects and penates to London, and live under the young King, who had offered them an asylum. On their passage from Antwerp the ship that bore them was attacked by a French cruiser, burnt, and sunk ; and so perished Jacob and Ottilia van Meteren. Though the sea holds their bones, their names are now given up to be recorded with honour in England and America this Caxton Memorial Year. Henry Stevens. 4, Trafalgar Square, London, Tuly 25, 1877. Postscriptum. — For the continuation of these bibliographical Notes on the printed Bibles in English and other languages from 1535 to 1877, and for the fuller Notes on Bibles and parts of Bibles prior to 1535, of which the above is but an epitome, the courageous reader is referred to our forthcoming little book entitled OUR Printed Bibles, 1450-1877. fi|ll§|l|^ Syr' jJ WsUJt "vJlUltl if n P*3^3 J) 3^ =jg|p^ ■■■■ \gl3mSgM W^^MM THE COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART OF PRINTING IN ENGLAND AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES, ILLUSTRATED BY SPECIMENS OF THE PRINTED BIBLE Chronologically Arranged, 1450-187 7. No. 611. |IBLE (Latin). Begin. [With the prologue of Saint Jerome.] [F]Rater ambrosius tua michi munuscu-/la perferens. detulit siml' 1 suauissimas litteras : etc. [Genesis begins Fol. 5 recto col. 1 at the top. I]n principio creauit deus ceul et terrain. End. [Fol. 641 verso, col. 2] Gratia dni nri ihesu cristi cu omnib; vobis ame. [Mentz, Joannes Gutenberg, 1450-55?] Gothic letters, first edition, 2 volumes, measuring i5f by ni inches. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination or signatures ; 641 leaves printed in double columns, 42 lines to a full column ; the initials and rubrics are in MS. throughout. The earliest book known, printed with moveable metal type ; was formerly styled, unjustly to Germany, the "Mazarine Bible," but is now properly called the Gutenberg Bible. Some copies, which may be called a second issue, have 40 lines on the first eight pages, forty-one on the ninth, and the rest forty-two, like the present copy. In this latter issue the three lines in red at the beginning are in type, and not in manuscript, as in the 42 line issue. 44 The Printed Bibles in [1457 612. Psalms (Latin). Psalmorum Codex. Presens Psalmorum Codex venustate capitalium decoratus, rubricationibusque sufficienter distinctus, ad inventione artificiosa imprimendi ac caracterizandi absque calami ulla exaracione sic effigiatus, et ad eusebiam dei industrie est consummatus, per Johannem Fust civem maguntinum et Petrum Schoffer de Gernszheim anno domini MCCCCLVII. In vigilia Assumpcionis. [Mentz], 1457. Folio. Lent by Her Majesty the Queen. The Mentz Psalter on 138 leaves, the first book printed with a date and names of the printers. This large and sumptuous volume, probably the most magnificently printed book known, is on pure vellum. Indeed, we believe no copies are known printed on paper. It measures 165 by 12 inches. 613. Psalms (Latin). Begin. Beatus vir qui no abijt in cosilio impio?/. [The Psalms, with the sacred canticles, creeds, prayers, and eccle- siastical Hymns.] End. PResens psalmo^z codex : venustate capitaliu. decoratus. rubricationibusc^ sufficienter distinctus. ad- inuencone artificiosa imprimendi ac caracterizandi : absq^ ulla calami exaracone sic effigiatus. et ad laudem dei ac honore sancti Jacobi est osuat'. Per Joh'em fust cive magutinu. et Petru Schoifher de Gernssheym elerieu Anno dni Millesimo cccc.lix. xxix. die mensis Augusti. Large Gothic letter. On vellum. [Mentz], 1459. Folio. Lent by the Earl of Leicester. The second edition of the Mentz Psalter, without pagination, signatures or catchwords. 136 leaves, 23 lines in a page, with the plain chant noted through- out. The large ornamental capitals are printed in two colours, the smaller in red only. Nearly all the known copies of the first and second editions have minute variations, especially in the subscriptions, which appear to have been adapted to the particular church or monastery for which they were intended. This volume contains the earliest printed text of the Athanasian Creed. 614. Bible (Second Latin). Begin. [F]Rater ambro-/sius tua michi mu- nuscula p/ferens. etc. [Genesis begins Fol. 6 verso, col. 1. at the top. I]n principio creauit deus celu 1 terrain. End. [Fol. 882 verso, col. 2. lin. 6] bis amen. Gothic letter. [Bamberg : Albert Pfister, 1460?] Folio. 15I- by n inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination or signatures ; 882 leaves printed in double columns, 36 lines to a full column. A copy in the Paris library has the rubrica- tion dated 1461, proving that this Bible was printed prior to that date. But the cover of the Church Register of Bamberg being composed partly of waste leaves of this Bible, and the Register beginning with 21 March, 1 460, it fol- lows that these leaves were printed prior to this latter date. 615. Bible (Third Latin). Begin. [F]Raterambrosius tua etc. [Genesis begins fol. 3 verso, towards the bottom of col. 2. I]N principio creauit deus celu et teram. End. [Fol. 477 recto col. 1.] Gratia dhi nri ih'u xpi cu omibs vobis amen. Gothic letter. 2 vols. [Strasburg: Jo. Mentelin, 1460 and 1461?] Folio. 15I by nf inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. 1 [462] the Caxton Exhibition 45 Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 477 leaves, printed in double columns, 49 lines to a full column. The rubrics and initials are in MS. throughout. A copy of this Bible is preserved in the library of Freiburg in Breisgau, with the rubrications of the volumes dated 1460 and 1461, ranking this edition as the third Latin Bible. 616. Bible (Fourth Latin). Begin. Incip epl'asci iheronimi ad paulinu psbiteru : de oniib' diuine historie libris. [Fol. 4 recto, col. 1. lin. 7.] Expl'. plogus. Jncip liber bresith que noj genesim dici- mis. [Fol. 242 verso, col. 2. end] laudet dominu. Alleluia. [VoL 2. Begin.] Epistola sancti ieronimi . . . . de libris salomonis. End. [Fol. 239 recto, col. 2.] Gra dni nri ihesu cristi cfi omib' vobis ame. [followed by the Colophon in seven lines.] Pns hoc opusculu Artificosa adinuentione imftaiendi seu caracterizandi. absq^ calami exaracon etc. 2 vols. Gothic letter. Per ioh'ez fust et Petru schoiffherde gerns'heym, in ciuitate Maguntn. 1462. Folio. 16^ by 12^ inches. Magnificent copy on pure vellum. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination or signatures ; vol. 1 has 242, and vol. 2, 239 leaves, printed in double columns, 48 lines to a full column. The first edition of the Bible having date, name of printer and place. From a col- lation of this with other copies on paper and vellum it appears that many of the leaves were reprinted, as for example, the first five in vol. I, and fol. 90-96, 207-216, and 227-242; in vol. 2, fol. I, 51 recto, 121-124, and 233-239, etc. This magnificent copy is richly illuminated throughout in gold and colours. 617. Bible (Fourth Latin). Begin. Incip epl'a sci iheronimi ad paulinu psbiteru, etc. Another copy printed on pure vellum. Per ioh'ej fust et Petru schoiffher de gerns'heym, in ciuitate Maguntu, 1462. Folio. Lent by Earl Jersey. This magnificent copy, a duplicate of No. 616, with some variations, is also splendidly illuminated throughout in brilliant colours, but the style of the illuminations of the two copies, though both exceedingly well done, is widely different. 618. Bible (Fourth Latin). Begin. Incip epl'a iheronimi etc. Per ioh'ej fust et Petru schoiffher de gerns'heym, in ciuitate Maguntfi, 1462. Folio. 16^ by u^ inches. A superb copy printed on paper. Lent by He?iry Stevens, Esq. This third copy is placed here as a good contrast with Nos. 616 and 617, printed on pure vellum. As many of the leaves have rough edges, they show that no copy on paper can be much taller or wider than this one, which is only a large fragment of this first Bible, with date, names of printers, and place. 619. Psalms (Latin). Psalterium, etc. 126 leaves, twenty long lines in a full page, no signatures, catch-words or numbering. Large fine type resembling [Albert Pfister's, Bamberg, 1462?]. 4to. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 620. Bible (First German). Begin. [BjRuder Ambrosius der hat, etc. [Genesis commences fol. 4 recto, in col. 1. l]n dem anegang 46 The Printed Bibles in [1466 geschieff got etc. End. [fol. 400 verso, col. 2.] Die genade vnsero herren ihe/su cristi sey mit vns alien Amen, [followed by five leaves containing the titles and arguments of the Psalms] End. in nach d'menig seiner grossung. Amen. [Strasburg : Joannes Mentelin, 1466?] Folio. 15! by n| inches. Lent by Her Majesty the Queen. Without title-page, pagination or register, 405 printed leaves in double columns, 60 lines to a full column ; there is a blank leaf at the end of the Gospels. A magnificent copy, richly illuminated in gold and colours. 621. Bible (First German). Begin. [B]Ruder Ambrosius der hat, etc. Another very fine copy. [Strasburg: Joannes Mentelin, 1466?]. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 405 printed leaves, 2 columns, 60 lines in a full column. This is also a splendid copy, beautifully illuminated in gold and colours, but in a style quite different from No. 620, lent by Her Majesty the Queen. 622. Bible (Second German). Begin. [B]Ruder Ambrosius d'hat vns brachtein deinegab etc. [preceded by two leaves containing the table of rubrics. Genesis begins in col. 1 on the recto of fol. 6. A]N de angang beschiiff got den hymel vn die erde. End. [fol. 400 verso, col. 2.] . . . Die genad vnsers herren jhesu cristi sey mit vns alien. Amen, [followed by five leaves containing the titles and arguments of the Psalms] End. in nach d'meing seiner gros- sung. Amen. [Strasburg: Heinrich Eggestyn, 1466?] Folio. 16 by u| inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination or register. 405 leaves printed in double columns, 60 lines to a full column ; foil. 2, 103, and 157 have the verso blank. 623. Bible (Latin). Begin. [F]Rater ambrosi' tua etc. [Genesis begins fol. 4 verso, col. 2, lin. 10. I]N principio creauit deus celu 'X terra. End. [Fol. 631 verso, col. 2.] vobis amen. [Followed by a table of rubrics occupying four leaves.] Gothic letter. [Stras- burg : H. Eggestein, 1468?] Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 635 leaves, printed in double columns, 41 lines to a full column. The rubrics and initials are in MS. This is the first edition of the Latin Bible by Eggestein. This copy wants the four leaves of the table of rubrics. 624. Bible (Latin). Begin. [F]Rater ambrosius tua mi/chi munus- cula perferens, etc. [Genesis begins fol. 4, col. 2. I]N principio creauit deus celu % terra. End. [Fol. 493 verso, col. 2, lin. 7.] mini nfi ihesu cristi cu omnibis vobis ame. Gothic letter. [Strasburg: H. Eggestein, 1469?] Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 493 leaves, printed in double columns, 45 lines to a full column ; the verses of foil. 124 and 330 are blank ; the initials and rubrics are in MS. throughout. This edition is some- times attributed to J. Baemler of Augsburg; but the type is the same as that 147 1] The Caxton Exhibition 47 of the edition generally attributed to Eggestein. The book contains the same paper-mark as that which is undoubtedly Eggestein, and is one of the marks ascribed to him by Sotheby in the Typography of the fifteenth century. 625. Bible (Third German). Begin. Hie hept sich an die vorred oder die epistel des heiligen priesters sant Jeronimi zu paulinum von al en gotlichen historien d' briider vnder der Bible Das erst capitel. End. Die genade vnsers herrn ihesu cristi sei mit vns alien. Amen. Deo Gracjas End. Hje hebt sich an ein Register iiber die biicher d Biblen, etc. [Augsburg? J. Pflanzmann? or C. Fyner? Eslingen ? 1470?] Folio. 15^ by \o\ inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, signatures, or pagination. Printed in double columns, 54 lines in a full column. 626. Bible (Latin). Begin. [TjAbula omniu diuine scpture seu biblie libro^z [occupying twenty-eight leaves. Fol. 29 begins] Incipit epl'a sacti iheronimi ad paulinu etc. [Fol. 33 recto, col. 2.] Explicit plogus. Incipit liber bresith quern nos genesim dicim'. End. [Fol. 724 recto, col. 2.] Explicit liber apocalipsis beati Johannis apostoli. Gothic letter. 2 vols. [Cologne : Ulric Zell, 1470?] Folio, ni by 8i inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 724 leaves, printed in double columns, 42 lines to a full column. 627. Bible (Latin). Another edition. [Cologne : Ulrich Zell, 1470?] Lent by the Bodleian Library. Two columns of 42 lines to a full column. 628. Bible (Italian). Begin. [Fol. 7 recto.] Prologo. Qvi comincia la solemne Epistola di Sancto Hieronymo .... reportata per prologo sopra tutta la Biblia. [Foil. 1-6 are occupied by tables of the books of the old Testament, and a table of chapters to the first part. Fol. n verso.] Biblia in lingva volgare tradutta : lo primo libro secondo la lingva Greca etc. [Fol. 316 verso.] Finisse il Psalterio di David. [Part 2, fol. 1. Begin.] Prologo. di. San, Jeronimo. supra, ilibri. Disalomone. End. [Fol. 331 verso.] Qvivi finisse Lapocalipsis et e il fine del novo testamento M.CCCC.LXXI. In Kalende. de Octobrio. [followed by one leaf, containing on the recto : Tabula de testamento nouo.] Two parts. [Venice: N. Jenson,] 147 1. Folio. i6| by 11 inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures; part 1 contains 316, and part 2, 332 leaves, printed in long lines, 50 lines to a full page ; the initial letters are either left blank, or printed in small characters throughout. Foil. I and 6 of part 1 are blank on the recto and fol. 5 on the verso. Foil. 206 and 232 of part 2 are blank on the verso. 48 The Printed Bibles in [1471 629. Bible (Latin). [The Bible, Zat., Edited by J. Andreas.] Begin. [Vol. 1, fol. 1, recto.] Io. An[dre;e] Episcopi Alerien ad Pau'lum II. Venetum Pon. Max. epistola [verso]. Sequitur tabula, etc. [Fol. 2, verso]. Paulo II. Veneto summo Pont. Mathias Palmerius fcelicitate. [Line 30.] Aristeas ad Philocratem fratem per Mathiam Palmeriu Pisanu e Greco in Latinu coversus [Fol. 17, recto]. Incipit epistola sancti Hieronymi ad Paulinu presby- teru de omnibus divine historie libris [Fol. 20, recto, last line], Incipit liber Bresith quern nos Genesin dicimus I. [End.] Finis Psalterij. [Vol. 2, fol. 1, recto.] Epistola sacti Hieronymi psbyteri _ ad Chromatiu et Heliodorum Episcopos de Libris Salomonis _ [Colophon] Aspicis illustris lector quicunq^ libellos/ Sicupis artificum nomina nosse : lege./ Aspera videbis cognomina Teutona : forsun/ Mitiget ars musis inscia uerba uirum./ Coradus suueynheym : Arnoldus panartzq^ magistri/ Rome impresserunt talia multa simul/ Petrus cum fratro Francisco Maximus ambo/ Huic operi aptatam contribuere domum/ M.CCCC.LXXI. [On the recto of the following leaf], (Incipiunt interpretationes Hebraicorum Nominum). 2 vols. Rome: Sweynheym and Pannartz, 147 1. Folio. 15^- by 11^ inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, register, catchwords, or pagination. In vol. 1 there are 279 leaves, and in vol. 2, 341. The preliminary matter in vol. 1 occupies 18 leaves, foil. 15 and 16 being left blank. The "Interpretationes Hebraicorum Nominum " at the end of vol. 2 occupy 62 leaves. The first Bible printed in Rome ; only 275 copies were printed. 630. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incip expl'a sci iheronimi ad paulinu psbiteru omibs divine historie libris. End. Pns hoc opus pclarissimu. Alma in urbe magutina Artificiosa quadam adinvencoe _ impremedi seu caracterizadi absq^ ulla calami exaracone sic effigiatu. et ad eusebiam dei industrie Ecsumatu p Petru schoiffer de gernshez, etc. 2 vols. [Mentz] : Schoeffer, 1472. Folio. Lent by the Bodleian Library. Without pagination, register, or catchwords ; 471 leaves ; printed in double columns, 48 lines to a full column. This edition very closely resembles that of 1462, but they are not identical, as has been supposed. 630*. Bible (Fourth German). 2 volumes, 408 and 104 leaves, in two columns of 57 lines in a full column. [Nuremberg: Sensen- schmidt und Frissner, 1470-73. Folio.] Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. 631. Bible (Fifth German). 2 vols., 553 leaves, 2 columns of 5S lines in a full column. Augsburg: [Gunther Zainer ?] 1473-75. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 1474] the Caxton Exhibition. 49 632. Bible (Latin). Begin. [F]Rater abrosi' tua mi, etc. [Genesis begins fol. 3 verso in the middle of col 2. I]N principio creauit de' celu et terra. End. [Fol. 436 verso, col. 1.] nostri ihesu cristi cu omnib' vob' amen. Gothic letter. [Basle : Berthold Rodt(?) and Bernard Richel, 1473 (?).] Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 436 leaves printed in double columns, 50 and 48 lines to a full column. The first part, as far as the end of the Psalms, fol. 220 verso, is printed in a type used by Berthold Rodt, and the remainder in one used by Bernard Richel. The initials and rubrics of the first part are in MS., while some of the initials in the second part are from wood engravings. &!>?>• Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epistola sancti iheronimi ad paulinum etc. [being the commencement of the table of rubrics, etc., which occupies four leaves, the verso of the last blank. Fol. 5] begin. [F] Rater ambrosi' tua mi, etc. [Genesis begins fol. 8 recto, in the middle of col. 2. I]N principio creauit deus celum et terra. End. [Fol. 537 recto, col. 1.] Gra-/cia dni nri ih'u xpi cu ofnibs vobis amen. Gothic letter. [Basle : Berthold Rodt (?), 1474 (?)]. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 537 leaves, printed in double columns, 47 lines to a full column. The rubrics and initials are in MS. throughout. 634. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epistola sancti iheronimi ad pauli-/num presbiterum de omnibus divine historie libris. [Fol. 3 verso, col. 2, lin. n from the bottom.] Incipit liber bresich q; nos genesim dicim'. End. [Fol. 461 verso, col. 1] mini nostri ihesu cristi cum omnib' vob' amen. Et sic est finis. [Fol. 462 recto.] VEnerabili viro do-/mino. Jacobo de ysenaco. Menar- dus, etc. [A general notice of the Bible, ending fol. 465 verso, col. 2, with seven Latin verses, begin'] Qui memor esse cupit librorum bibliotece. [Fol. 466 recto]. Incipit tabula canonum, etc. Gothic letter. [Basle : Bernard Richel, 1474 (?).] Folio. Lent by Henry WJiite, Esq. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 460 leaves, printed in double columns, 48 lines to a full column. The initials are from wood engravings. 635. Bible (Sixth German). Begin. [Fol. 1.] II Hie hobet an die Epistel des heyligen priesters sant Jheronimi, etc. [preceded by one leaf, containing the register of the books on the verso. Fol. v. recto, col. 1.] IT Eyn end hat die vorred vnd hebet an das buch Presith oder Genesis, etc. End. [Fol. ex.] 11 Diss durch- leuchtigost werck der gantzen heyligen geschrifft. genandt die Bibel fur all ander vorgedrucket teutsch biblen. lauterer. klarer. 50 The Printed Bibles in [1475 vnnd warer hat hie em ende, etc. Gothic letter. Augs- purg: [Gunther Zainer, 1475 {?)] Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Without title-page or register ; numeration — Old Testament, i-ccccxxj ; New Testament, i-cx. Printed in double columns, 58 and 59 lines to a full column. The first Bible with the leaves folioed (?) 636. Bible (Sixth German). Another copy, very fine, measuring i8| by 13 inches. [Gunther Zainer, 1475?] Folio. Letit by Earl Spencer. 637. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incip epl'a scti hieronimi ad paulinu psbi- te^z de oibs divine historie libris. [Fol. 4 recto, col. 1, lin. 7.] Expi plogus. Incipit liber bhresit que nos genesim dicimus. End. Opus veteris nouiq^ testameti. Impressum ad laudez & gloriam sancte ac indiuidue trinitatis, etc. Gothic letter. Per Anthoniu Coberger, in regia ciuitate Nurmbergen, 1475. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 481 leaves printed in double columns, 48 lines to a full column. Koberger in 26 years printed 13 editions of the Bibie, of which this is the first. 638. Bible (Latin). Another copy. A. Coberger. Nuremberg, 1475. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 639. Bible (Latin). Begin. Prologus in Genesim. Incipit epl'a sancti Hieronymi, etc. [Fol. 3 verso, col. 1, at the bottom.] Explicit pfatio. Incipit liber Genesis qui dicit hebraice bresith. End. [Fol. 421 verso, col. 2.] Explicit Biblia impressa Venetijs, etc. [Fol. 422 recto.] Incipiut interptatioes hebraicoru nominu, etc. Gothic letter, p Fraciscu de hailbrun & Nicolau de frank- fordia socios, Venetijs, 1475. Small folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 454 leaves printed in double columns (except the table of Hebrew names, which has three columns), 51 lines to a full column. The initials are in MS, and the verso of the last leaf is blank. This is the first Latin Bible printed at Venice. 640. Bible (Latin). Begin. Quia vestigia seqmur Joann. An. Epi Aleriensis que nihil reliqsse coperium' quod ulteriori emendatione egeat, preter pauxilla q vicio compositorum litterar, viciata sunt. Ideoq^ epistola qua ipe pposuit omittere nolium, ne cuj' doctrina imitamur, ejus odigna laude videamur supprimere. Joann[is] An[drere] Episcopi Alerien[sis] ad Paulu secudum Venetum Pon. Max. epistola. (Aristeas ad Philocrate fratrem per M. Palmeriu e Greco in Latinum conversus. Interptationes hebrai- [476] the Caxton Exhibition 51 corum nominu.) Gothic letter. 2 vols. A. Frisner et J. Sen- senschmit I nuremberga, 1475. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, register, or pagination ; printed in double columns, 60 lines to a full column. The preliminary matter, including the prefaces of Saint Jerome, occupies n leaves. The " Interpretationes," etc., are placed at the end, after the imprint. Splendid copy on large paper, measuring 19 by 13 inches. 641. Bible (Latin). Begin. [FjRater ambrosius tua mihi munuscula perferes : eta [Fol. 3 recto, col. 1, lin. 8 from the bottom] Explicit pfatio Incip. Liber Genesis qui dicit' hebraice bresith. [Fol. 284 verso, col. 2. End.] Vet' testametu a religiosis uiris ac prudentissimis correctu atq^ p me iohane petru d'ferratis cremonese placetie impssus. Anno dni Mcccc.lxx quinto felicit' explicit. [Fol. 285 recto, col. 1. Begin.] Incipit epistloa sancti hieronimi . . . sup. libro quatuor euage-Aio^ [Fol. 357 verso, col. 2. End.] Explicit liber actuum apostolo^ cum reli-'quis noui libris testamenti etc. End. [Fol. 391 recto, col. 2.] Biblie uocabulo^ interpretationes expliciut. Gothic letter, p iohane petru d' ferratis, placetie, 1475. 4 to - Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 391 leaves, printed in double columns, 60 lines to a full column. This is said to be the first printed book at Placentia, and is believed to be the first Bible printed in quarto. 642. Bible (Latin). Begin. [FjRater Ambrosi' tua mihi munus-'cula perferens : etc. [Genesis begins fol. 3 verso, col. 1. lin. 14 from the bottom — I]N principio creauit de' celum & tr'a. End. [Fol. 425 recto, col. 1.] domini nostri ihesu xpi cu ofriibs vobis ame. [Strasburg? 1475 ?] Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 425 leaves, printed in double columns, 56 lines to a full column ; the initials and rubrics are in MS. through- out ; fol. 7 verso, at the bottom of col. 2 two lines omitted in printing are supplied in MS. and fol. 300 verso, one line is similarly supplied at the bottom of col. 2. The versos of foil. 117 and 213 are blank. 643. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Sig. a i.] Prologus in Genesim. Feliciter incipit. Incipit epl'a sancti Hierony-/mi etc. [preceded by one leaf, containing on the verso : an epistle to Thomas Taqui, from Blasius Romerus, with the answer of the former. — Sig. a iii verso, col. 1.] Explicit pfatio. Incipit liber genesis qui dicit' hebraice bresith. [eighth leaf of sig. tt. verso]. Explicit Biblia. Incipiut interptationes he-/braicoru nominu, etc. End. Editum opus & emedatu accuratissime ac deligeter, etc. Gothic letter. Impressit M. Morauus ... In urbe Neapoli, 1476. Folio. Printed on vellum. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page or pagination ; sign. A — z & aa — 11, lm, mm — yy, and z. Printed in double columns, except the table of names, which is in three columns. Query, is not this the first Bible with printer's signatures? 52 The Printed Bibles in [1476 644. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Sig. a 2.] Prologus. Incipit epl'a sacti Hieronymi ad Paulinu etc. [Genesis begins sig. A 5.] Incipit liber genesis q dicitur hebraice bresith. End. Biblia impressa Venetijs opera atc^ impensa Nicolai Jenson Gallici etc. (inter- pretationes hebraicoru nominum etc.) Gothic letter. Printed on vellum. Venetijs: N. Jenson, 1476. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page or pagination ; sig. a 2 — z. & 3, 4, A — X. The first leaf of sig. A and the last of sig. H are blank ; at the end is a table of the register on one page in the copies on paper, but generally wanting like this one when printed on vellum. This copy, printed on the thinnest and purest vellum, is splendidly illuminated with gold and colours, including miniatures of high art. 645. Bible (Latin). Another copy. Same edition as No. 644, but printed on paper. Venetiis : Nicolas Jenson, 1476. Small folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. This copy has the rare end leaf containing the register. It is still a question whether this, No. 646, the Naples or the Paris Bible, all of 1476, was the first Bible with printer's signatures. They all appeared with signatures the same year. 645*. Bible (Latin). Begin. Epistola beati hieronymi ad paulinu psby-teru de onibus diuine hystorie libris incipit. [Fol. 4 recto, col. 2. lin. 7.] Incipit liber Bresith. que nos Genesim dicimus. End. [Fol. 482 recto, col. 2]. Finit liber apocalipsis beati iohannis apl'i. [followed by twenty Latin verses beginning :] Me duce carpe viam ! qui celu ascendere gestis. [and ending] Jam tribus vndecimus lustris francos Ludouicus. Rexerat ! vlricus martinus itemq^ michael. Orti teutonia, hanc mihi composuere figura. Parisij arte sua-me correcta vigilanter. Venalem in vico iacobi sol aureus offert. [Fol. 483. sig. a. j.] Interpretationes hebraicorum nominii feliciter incipiunt. Gothic letter. Ulricus [Gering] Martinus [Crantz] Michael [Friburger]. Parisij, [1476]. Folio. 14! by 1 1 inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page or pagination ; sign, to the table of names only, A — C. 509 leaves, printed (except the table of names) in double columns, 48 lines to a full column ; the table of names is printed in treble columns, 60 lines to a full column. The initials are printed in small characters, the verso of fol. 482 is blank. This is the first Bible printed in Paris. 646. Bible (Latin). Begin, [sig. A 2.] Prologus in bibliam — Incipit epl'a sancti Hieronymi ad Paulinu etc. [Sig. a 4 verso, col. 2 at the bottom.] Explicit pfatio. Incipit liber Genesis qui dicit hebraice bresith. End. Explicit biblia ipressa Venetijs etc. (interpta- 1477] the C ax ton Exhibition 53 tiones hebraicoru nominu etc. Gothic letter, p FraciscQ de hailbrun 1 Nicolau d'frankfordia socios, Venetijs, 1476. Folio. Le?it by Henry White, Esq. Without title-page or pagination ; sign. A 2 — y, j, 2 — 18. A — C. Printed in double columns, 51 lines in a full column. The first Bible with a date having printers' signatures ? see Nos. 643, 645, 645*. Another copy, Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 647. Bible (Latin). Aurea Biblia. 1476. Folio. Le?it by Henry White, Esq. 648. Bible (Seventh German). Begin [Fol. 1, recto]. Die epistel Ihero- nimi zu Paulinum. End. [Fol. 332 recto] Diss durchleicht igest werck d gantz en heyligen geschrift genandt die bibel . . . hat hie eyn ende. Augspurg : [Gunther Zainer], 1477. Folio. 2 vols. 321 & 332 leaves. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page, register, and catchword. Printed in double columns, 51 lines to a full page. The first German Bible with a date. 649. Bible (Italian). [The Holy Bible, with the history of the Septua- gint by Aristeas, translated into Italian by N. de Malermi.] Pt. 1. Begin. Registro de la prima parte de la Biblia. Pt. 2. Begin. Registro del secondo libro. 2 pt. Venetia : Antonio Bolognese, 1477. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. Printed in double columns. Each part has a distinct register, without title- page or pagination. Aristeas is at the end of part 1 : part 2 commences with the Proverbs. Another copy, Lent by the Bodleian Libraiy. 650. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epl'a sancti hieronimi ad paulinu etc. [Fol. 3 verso, col. 3. lin. 8 from the bottom]. Incipit liber bresith quern nos genesim dicimus. End. [Fol. 461 verso, col. 2. lin. 3.] Finit liber apocalips beati iohanis apl'i. followed by the Colophon. Fol. 462 recto. Begin. V]Eneabili viro dno iacobo de ysenaco. Menard' solo noie monachus etc. [A general notice of the Bible, followed by the Canons of Eusebius ; the whole occupying six leaves.] Gothic letter. pAntonium Coburger. In regia ciuitate Nurnbergn, 1477. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures ; 467 leaves printed in double columns, 51 lines to a full column. 651. Bible (Latin). Begin. Epistola. Incipit epistola sacti hieronimi ad paulinu presbite^z de oib' diuine historie libris. [Genesis begins fol. 3 verso, col. 1.] Incipit liber bresich q^ nos genesim dici'. End. [Fol. 390 recto, col. 1] ofnibs vob amen. — Et sic est finis, [same page, col. 2 — Vjenerabili viro dno. Jacobo de ysenaco. Menard' solo no-mie monach' etc. [A general notice of the Bible, extending to the verso of fol. 393, col. 1, and 54 The Printed Bibles in [1476 ending with seven verses. Begin.] Qui memor esse cupit libro^ bibliotece [and End.'] credentes verbis sacris saluare paratus i 5^3. Gothic letter. [Nuremberg? Jo. Sensenschmidt ?], 1476. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page, pagination, or signatures, 393 leaves printed in double columns, 57 lines to a full column; between fol. 17 and 18 half a leaf is inserted with part of a single column printed on the verso, to supply an omission at the end of fol. iS, col. 2. 652. New Testament (French). Begin. Cy commence la table du nouuau testament. End. Cy finist lapocalipse et samblablement le nouueau testament [translated by G. des Moulins] veu et corrige par venerables personnes fres iullien macho et pierre sarget [sic. i.e. Farget] etc. Bartholemieu buyer, lion, [1477 ?] 4to. Lent by Earl Spencer. Without title-page or pagination, sign, a — c ; a — t and A — I. 299 leaves printed in long lines, 28 lines to a full page, and two blank leaves, one at the end of the table and another at the end of the book. The first edition of the New Testament in French. 653. Old Testament (First Dutch). Begin. Hier beghit dat prologus vader bible des ouersetters te duytsche vte latine. [Fol. 2, recto, I.]Nden beghin sciep god hemel en aerde, etc. End. Hier eyndt de prophect malachias, etc. Jacob iacobs soen en Mauritius Yemants Zoen van middelborch. Delf, 1477. Small folio. 2 volumes. Lent by Earl Spencer. The Book of Psalms was omitted in this edition, but appeared separately three years later. Without title-page, register, catchwords, or pagination ; printed in double columns, 38 lines to a full column. This is the first edition of the Old Testament in the Dutch language. See No. 669. 654. Old Testament (First Dutch). Hier beghit dat prologus, etc. Another fine large copy. Jacob iacobs soen en Mauritius Yemants Zoen van Middelborch, Delf, 1477. 2 vols. Small folio. Lent by the Dutch Church in Austin Friars. 655. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Sig. a 2.] Prologus in bibliam. Incipit epistola sancti Hieronymi etc. [Genesis begins Sig. a 4 verso, col. 2 at the top. I]N princi-pio crea-uit deus celu & terra, (interptationes hebraico^ nominu etc.] Gothic letter. per Leonardum vuild de Ratisbona expensis Nicolai de franckfordia, Venetijs, 1478. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or pagination ; Sign. A 2— y, j, 2— i 8, A— C; at the end is a table of the register on one page. 656. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Fol. a 2] Prologus in bibliam. Incipit epla sancti Hieronymi ad Paulinu pbrem d' oib' dine historie 1 1479] the Caxton ExJiibition 55 libris. End. Biblia impressa Venetiis, etc. (Intcrptationcs hebra- icoru nominu scclm ordinem alphabeti). Gothic letter. Opera atq^ impesa T. de Reynsburch T; Reynaldi de Novimagio. Venetiis, 1478. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or pagination ; the " Intcrptationcs hebraicorii nominu" are at the end after the imprint. 657. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epta sancti Hieronimi ad Paulinu presbite^ de olb' diuine historie libris. End. Anno incarnatonis dnice. Millesimo-quadringentesimoseptuagesimo octavo Mai vo Kl' octauo decimo. Q^? insigne veteris nouiq^ testamenti opus. Cum canonibs euagelistarumc^ concordantiis, etc. Gothic letter. Per Antoniu Coburger, In oppido Nurnbergfi. Mai vo Kt 18. 1478. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or register. Preceding the Epistle of Saint Jerome is a leaf containing a table of the books ; the canons are placed after the imprint and have no pagination. This is Coberger's third Latin edition. 658. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Fol. j.] Incipit epl'a sancti Hieronimi ad Paulinu, etc. [preceded by one leaf containing an index of the books on the verso. — Genesis begins fol. iiij.] Liber Genesis. End. [Fol. cccclxj.] .... insigne veteris nouic^ testamenti opus, cum canonibs euagelistarumq^ concordantijs .... finit feliciter. [Then follows : Vjenerabili viro domino Jacobo de ysenaco. Menard' . . monachus . . Rogatus nuper a vobis . . . qtenus aliqua generalem 1 opediosam libro^z biblie oscriberem notitia etc. [and afterwards] Incipit tabula canonu, etc. Gothic letter. Per Antoniu Coburger, in oppido Nurnbergfi. IV. Id. Nov. 1478. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. The collation of this, Coberger's fourth Latin edition, is the same as the third, but it is a distinct edition. 659. New Testament (Latin). Signature in eights. 2 cols. 1478 ? 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 660. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Sig. a 2] Incipit epistola beati Hie- ronymi ad Paulinum presbyterum de omnibus divine historie libris. End. " Fontibus ex Grecis hebreorum q 93 libris." " Emendata satis et decorata simul. / Biblia sum piis supos ego testor et astra. / Est impssa nee in arbe mihi similis. / Singula c^ loca cu concor- dantib' extat. / Orthographia simul q; bene pssa manet." Gothic letter. [1479 ?] Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or pagination. This is supposed to be the first of the editions distinguished by the appellation " Fontibus ex Gnccis," in which case it is of the date of 1479, or still earlier. 56 The Printed Bibles in [1479 661. Bir.LE (Latin). Begin. Incipit epl'a Hieronimi ad Paulinu pres- bite^ de oibs diuine historic libris. End. Anno Icarnatois domi- nice. Millesimo-qdri ge tesimo septuagesimonono sexto die augusti. 1^ isigne veteris nouiq^ testameti op' cu canonibs cuagelistaruc^ 1 cordatiis, etc. (Interprctationes Hebraicorum nominum.) Gothic letter. Per Antoniuz Coburger, In oppido. Nurnbergn, 1479. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or register. Printed in double columns, 51 lines to a full column. The "Canons" and "Interpretations" are without pagination. This is Coberger's fifth Latin Bible. 662. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Sig. a 2.] Prologus. Incipit epl'a Hie- ronymi ad paulinum, etc. [Genesis begins sig. a 5.] Incipit liber genesis qui dicit hebraice bresith. End. Biblia ipressa Venetiis, etc. [Then follows, sig. q] Incipiunt interpretationes hebraico^z nominum, etc. [and on the last leaf] Registrant biblie. Gothic letter. Opera . . . Venetus : Nicolai Jenson, 1479. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. Without title-page or pagination, signatures A — z,1, 0, r h. A — -v. 663. Bible (Eighth German). End. Diss durchleuchtigest werck d'ganc- zen heilige geschrifft. genannt die Bibel fur all ander vorgedruckt teutsch Bibeln. lauterer. kliirer. vnd warer nach rechtem gemeyne teutsch dan vorgedruckt. hat hye ein ende, etc. 2 Th. Augspurg: Anthoni Sorg, 1480. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or signatures ; each Th. is preceded by a register or index. 664. Bible (First German, low). Begin. [D] Ieborn derewyger wijsheyt dat wort gsedes I de hogeste sprekz : etc. [Fol. 4 recto.] (Hijr beghynt Genesis dat erste boeck der vijf boeckere Moysi, etc.) End. Een salich ende hefft dat boek der hemelike apenbaringe. sent Johans des ewangeliste . . vfi dar mede de gantse bybel. dar van gade dank unde loff sy in ewicheyt. Amen. [Cologne, 1480 ?] Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Printed in double columns, without title-page, register, or pagination ; 57 lines to a full column. 665. Bible (Latin). Begin. Prologus in bibliam. Incipit epistola sancti Hieronymi ad Paulinum presbyterum : de omnibus diuine historie libris. (interpretatioes hebraicoru nominu, etc.) Gothic letter. Venetijs : per Franciscum de hailbrun, 1480. 4to. Lent by the Bodleian Library. Without title-page or pagination. Signatures a — y, j, z. z, 4-18, A — D. 666. Psalms (Greek and Latin). Begin. [Fol. 3, recto] AATIA nPO^HTOT KAI BACIAEIiC MEAOC. David prophetse et regis melos. [Preceded by Ioannes [Crestonus] placentinus 148 1 ] the Caxton Exhibition 57 Monachus Reueredo patri & domino. D. Ludouico Donato Episcopo Bergomensi, S. p. d. commencing on the verso of fol. 1.] Etid. 7roda<; y/j.M Eig bdov dpnvyg. pedes nostrum in uiam pacis [Edited by J. Crestonus]. Mediolani, 1481. Folio. u|by8i inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. Eighty-one leaves, sig. a i — Z iii. This is the first of the editions printed at Milan in 1481, and is known by its colophon : " Impressum Medio- lani anno Mcccc. Lxxxi. die. xx. Septembris." It is printed in double columns, containing 28 and 29 lines in a full column. No pagination or catchwords. 667. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epl'a sancti Hieronimi ad Paulinu presbite^L de oibs diuine historie libris. End. Anno incarna- tionis duice. Millesimoquadringentesimooctuagesimo. Mai vero KT octauo decimo. Q^j insigne veteris nouic^ testamenti opus, cum canonib' euangelistarumc^ concordantiis, etc. Per Anto- niuz Coburger, In oppido Nurnbergn, 1480. Folio. Le?it by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Without title-page or register. Preceding the epistle of Saint Jerome is a leaf containing a table of the books ; the canons are placed after the imprint, and have no pagination. This is Coburger's sixth Latin edition. 668. Bible (Latin). [The Holy B. in Latin, according to the Vulgate translation, with the Glossa Ordinaria of Walafridus Strabo, and the Glossa interlinearis of Anselmus Scholasticus.] Begin. Epis- tola beati Hieronimi presbiteri ad Paulinum presbiteru . . . incipit. [Fol. 3 verso :] Glossa ordinaria incipit [Fol. 5 recto :] [I]N pricipio creauit de' celum 1 terra, etc. Gothic letter. 4 vols. [Venice? 1480?] Folio. Lent by the Sion College Library. A manuscript note in Latin on the cover of vol. I. says that in 1480 this book belonged to Giles de Bresc, Rector of S. Mary the Virgin outside Malines, and that he bought it for 26 florins. 669. Psalms (Dutch). 278 leaves, 17 lines. End. Hier eyndet die duytsch Souter end es gheprent te Delf, 1480. i6mo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 278 leaves, 17 lines. Signatures abcdefghikl mnopqrlfstv wxyz ABCDEFGHin eights and 1 in 6 leaves, in all 35 sheets, or 278 leaves. This Bodleian copy has a separate printed title-page, added apparently some few years later. This little volume, with No. 653, completes the first Old Testament in Dutch. 670. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epistola sancti Hieronymi ad . . . divine historie libris. Sig. a 5 recto, col. 2.] In principio creavit de' . . . t'ra, etc. (Iterptatioes hebraicoru nominu s'm ordi- nem alphabeti.) Gothic letter. 1481. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Without title-page, pagination, or catchwords. Sig. a — y, A — Y, 1-13, 570 leaves, printed in double columns, 47 lines to a full column. This is one of the " Fontibus ex Grsecis" editions. The Colophon, which is at the end of the Apocalypse, is followed by the Rubric of the Proper Lessons and the "In- terpretationes." H 58 The Printed Bibles in [1481 650. Bible (Latin). With Commentaries of De Lyra. 2 vols. Nurn- bergn : Anthonius Coberger, 1481. Folio. Lent by Matthew Ridgway, Esq. 651. Bible (Latin). Begin. Incipit epistola sancti Hieronym ad Paulinu, etc. [Sig. a 5 recto, col. 2] i N principio creavit de' celu 1 tra, etc. (Iterptatioes hebraicoru nominu s'm ordinem alphabete.) Gothic letter. 1481. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Without title-page, pagination, or catchwords. Sig. a — y, A — Y, 1-13, 570 leaves, printed in double columns, 47 lines to a full column. This is one of the " Fontibus ex Grajcis" editions. The colophon, which is at the end of the Apocalypse, is followed by the Rubric of the Proper Lessons, and the "Inter- pretationes." 682. Pentateuch (Hebrew). .Wl 12HV31 DlVpJlN DIIID Uy VWn Begin. ..TTtiWQ On vellum. [Bologna : Abraham ben Chayim de' Tintori, 1482.] Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. First edition of the Pentateuch in Hebrew. 683. Voragine (James de). The Golden Legende. [Colophon] Thus endeth the legende named/ in latyn legenda aurea, that is to saye/ in englysshe the golden legende, For/ lyke as golde passeth in valewe alle/ other metalles, so thys legende excedeth/ alle other bookes, wherin ben contey-/ned alle the hygh and grete festys of/ our lord, the festys of our blessyd la/dy, the lyues pas- syons and myracles/ of many other sayntes, and other hys-/toryes and actes, as al allonge here/ afore is made mencyon, whiche werke/ I haue accomplisshed at the commaundemente and requeste of the noble and/ puyssaunte erle, and my special good/ lord Wyllyam erle of arondel, 1 haue/ fynysshed it at Westmestre the twenty/ day of nouembre, the yere of our lord/ M, CCCC, lxxxiij, 1 the fyrst yere/ of the reygne of Kyng Rychard the/ thyrd Qf$g me ^g^gatt) Canton* Foiio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. First edition. Four preliminary leaves, comprising the Prologue and two tables ; text in double columns, folioed I to CCCCXliij. This book is, we think, fairly placed among Bibles, because it contains a translation into English of nearly the whole of the Pentateuch and a great part of the Gospels, and hence must have been read extensively by the people, or to the people, long before the Reformation, or the days of Tyndale and Cover- dale. Historians of the English Bible appear to have overlooked the numerous editions of this work. It was no doubt read in churches, and though the text is mixed with much priestly gloss and dross, it nevertheless contains, in almost a literal translation, a great portion of the Bible ; and it became thus one of the principal instruments in preparing the way for the Reformation. The people demanded the Scriptures in a purer form. The modifications and changes of the text and form of the Golden Legend is a theme worthy the bibliographer. [487] the Caxton Exhibition 59 The future historian of our dear old English Bible should not fail to sift Ccm$ and fcttocty tf)em toggde: for to co* S?and JSrtS ucrctf)egr mcmfec* in mancr of BrccQi*/ ^ v «£ S column. This may take precedence of the Genevan Version in being called the "Breeches Bible," as that was not published till 1560, more than three quarters of a century later. 684. Bible (Ninth German). Begin. Das erst Blat. Hie hebet an die Epistel des heyligen priesters sant Jheronimi etc. [fol. v. recto Hie hebt sich an. Genesis etc. End. [fol. ccccclxxxiij. verso. Disz durchleuchtigist werck der gantzen heyligen geschrifft. genant dy bibel fur all and ' vorgetriicket teutsch bible, lauterer. clarer vnd warer nach rechter gemeyner teutsch . . . gege dem lateynischen text gerechtuertigt . . . mit vberschrifften . . . Vn mit schonen figuren . . . hat hie ein ende. etc. Gothic letter. Nuren- berg : durch anthonium Koburger, 1483. Folio. 15I by \\\ inches. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Without title-page or signatures ; printed in double columns, 50 lines in a full column. The first German Bible printed at Nuremberg. With many extraordinary woodcuts. * Another copy, Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 685. Bible (Ninth German). Begins. Das erst Blat. Hie hebet an die Epistel, etc. Another copy. Very fine. Lent by Earl Spencer. 686. Bible (Latin). Begin. [Fol. a. 2.] Incipit epistola beati Hieronymi ad Paulinum presbyterum de omnibus divine hystorie libris. End. Exactum est inclyta in urbe venetia^ sacro sanc- tum biblie volumen &c. (F. Moneliensis a genua in sacrosanctam ac sacratissima biblia Epl'a. Interpretaciones nominu hebraico- rum.) Gothic letter. Caracteribus Magistri Johanis dicti magni. Herbort de Siligenstat alemani, in urbe venetia^, 1483. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. Without title-page or pagination ; the epistle of Franciscus Moneliensis is on the verso of the first leaf, and the "Interpretaciones nominu hebraicorum" are at the end, after the colophon. 687. Bible (French). In French paraphrase by Guyard de Moulins, or Comestor, 1487. Folio, with very many curious woodcuts. Lent by the British and Eoreign Bible Society. 6S8. Bible (Italian). La Biblia en lingua Volgare (per Nieolo di Mallermi). End. Venetia : per Joan. Rosso Vercellese, 14S7. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 60 The Printed Bibles in [1487 689. Bible (Latin). Venetiis : per Georgium rauabenis, 1487. 4to. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This first Bible with a separate title-page is printed in two columns of 52 lines each. 690. Bible (First Bohemian). [The Holy Bible in Bohemian.] Begin. Poezinagi Prwnie Knihy Moyziessowy. Capitola I. etc. C Mjes- tie Starem PraZskem, 1488. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Printed in double columns, without numerals or catchwords, 47 lines to a full page; register a. iii — z. v. A — Z, v. A. A. — C. C. iiii. a. a. — m. m. iiii. At the end is a register of the Epistles and Gospels, printed alternately red and black, signatures i — iiii. 691. Bible (First Hebrew). [.MVD1 DW12 PHIPI] Begin, [fol. 1 verso] .JTtiWQ Editio Princeps. [Soncino : Abraham ben Chayin de' Tintori, 1488.] Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. 380 leaves without pagination, printed in double columns, 30 lines to a full page. The Pentateuch is followed by the Five Rolls, which have a separate register, as also the Prophets and the Hagiographa. De Rossi, Ann. Sec. XV. p. 54. This is the first complete edition of the Bible. The whole Bible had been printed previously in portions, viz., the Pentateuch, 1482, the Former Prophets, 1485, the later Prophets, i486, and the Hagiographa, 1487. 692. Bible (12th German). 2 vojs., 799 leaves, 2 columns, 48 lines, woodcuts. Augspurg : Hen. Schonsperger, 1490. Folio. Le?it by the Bodleian Library. 693. Bible Picture Book (Dutch). Boeck van Ihesus Leven. Wood- cuts. Zwolle : Peter van Os Breda, 1490. Folio. Letit by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 694. Bible (Second German Low). 2 vols., 2 columns, 66 lines in a full column. With large woodcuts. Lubec, 1491. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 695. Bible (Latin). Biblia. (Epistola beati Hieronymi . . . de omnib' divine historie libris. . . Translatores biblie. Epistole et Evan- gelia Per anni circulum Interptatioes hebriaco^z noum, etc.] Gothic letter. Impensis . . . Nicolai Keslers, civis Basilicu [Basle], 1 49 1. Folio. Lent by He?iry J. Atkinson, Esq. Without pagination. Sig. a — z, t, & E, A — Z, Aa — G.g., a — c. Printed in double columns, 56 lines to a full column. The Colophon, which is on the verso of sig. F. f. 7, is followed by the "Translatores biblie, etc." 696. Bible (Latin). Biblia integra, summata ; distincta: supemedata utriusq^ testameti rcordatus illustrata. [Fol. a 2 recto :] Incipit epistola beati Hieronymi ad Paulinu, &c. [New Test. Fol. 1 recto.] Incipit epistola beati Hieronymi ad Damasum, &c. [Fol. 1497] the Caxton Exhibition 61 A. i recto.] Interprctationes Nominu Hebraico. Gothic letter. Per Johanem froben de Hammelburck, Easilee, 1491. 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Libraiy. 491 leaves, without pagination or catchwords ; register, beginning at fol. <;, a — y, A — Z, 1-11 iiii, A — E 7 in eights, except 11 which is in twelves. Printed in double columns, 56 lines to a full column. Fol. a I and E 7 are blank. This is said to be the first Bible printed in octavo, or in small form, and is hence called the first edition of the "poor man's Bible." It is also the first or one of the first books printed by Froben. This copy is splendidly illuminated. 697. Bible (Latin). In title, "Tu es Petrus," emendata per Angelum de Monte Ulmi. Venetiis : per Hieronimum de Pagininis, 1492. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. The earliest Bible with an illustration on the title-page. 698. Bible (Latin). Biblia [on woodcut "Tu es Petrus."] Another copy. Venetiis, 1492. 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 698^7. Psalms (German). Der Psalter/ zu Deutsch./ [Colophon] C Ge- truckt zu Vim vo Cun-/rad dinckmut. Anno salutis. M./cccc. Vnndim.xcii. Ulm, 1492. i6mo. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. Eight prel. leaves, the 7th and the recto of the 8th being blank ; Text, 17 lines on a page, a to z and A to K 3 in eights. These Psalms are a literal translation from the Latin Vulgate, into High German of the fifteenth century, of a southern (Swabian) dialect. Added to the Psalms are the hymns of Isaiah, Ezekiel, Anna, Moses, Abacuck, the Three Children, Zachariah, St. Augustine, and the Athanasian Creed. This is a fine specimen of an early pocket edition of the Psalms in the language of the people. The size of the page is 3§ by 2^ in. 698^. Bible (Latin). Biblia integra, etc. Finit p Johannem froben cive Basilie. 6° Kal Nov. 1495. 8°. Lent by Sion College. 699. Bible (Latin). Biblia, cum tabula noviter edita (Tabula alpha- betica ex singulis libris t capitulis totius biblie . . . a G. Bruno. . . summa cura composita.) E?id. Exacta est biblia presens Venetiis summa lucubratione. (Interpretatioes hebraicoru nominu pm ordi- nem alphabeti.) Gothic letter. Venetiis: Bevilaqua, 1494. 4to. Lent by Matthew Bidgway, Esq. 700. Bible (Latin). Liber uite. Biblia cum glosis ordinarijs et interlinearibus ; excerptis ex omnib' ferme ecclesie sancte doctorib' ; simulc^ cum expositois Nicolai de lyra ; et cum con- cordantijs i margine. {End. Glosa ordiaria vna cu postilP ve. f. Nicolai de lyra. . . feliciter finit. . . . emedata . . . Bernardino gadolu, etc. 4 vols. Gothic letter. Venetiis : p. Paganinu de paganinis, 1495. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 701. Bible (Latin). Biblia Correcta per Petrum Angelu de monte ulmi. Venetiis: Hieronimus de Paganini, 1497. 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 62 The Printed Bibles in [1498 702. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Latina cum Glossa Ordinaria et Postillis Nicola de Lyra. 6 Parts. Basilic, J. Petri de Langen- dorff et Joan. Froben de Hamelburg, 1498. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 703. Bible (Latin). 2 col., 52 lines. V'enetiis : per Symonum dictum beuilaqua, 1498. 4to. Lent by Af. Ridgivay, Esq. This is one of the Fontibus ex Grcecis editions. 704. Bible (Latin). Liber Vitoe Biblia correcta per Petm angelu. Venetia : Arte Paganini de Paganinis Brixiensis, 1501. 8vo. Lent by Earl Stanhope. 705. Psalms (English). % This treatise concernynge the fruytful-Say- inges of/ Dauyde the kynge & prophete in the seuen penytecyal/ psalmes Deuyded in seuen sermons was made and com-/plyed by the ryght reuerente fader in god Johan fyssher/ Doctour of dy- uynyte & bysshop of Rochester at the ex-/ortacion and sterynge of the moost excellente pryncesse/ Margarete countesse of Ryche- moute and Derby & Mo-/der to our souerayne lorde Kynge Hery the vij on who-/se soule Jesu haue mercy./ [ Colophon] Here endeth the exposycyon of y e .vii. psalmes. Enpryn/ted at London in the fletestrete at the sygne of y e sonne/ by Wynkyn de Worde. In the yere of oure lorde. m/ccccc. viii. y e .xvi. day of y e moneth of Juyn. The/ xxiii. yere of y e reygne of our souerayne lorde kynge He/ry the seuenth./ London, 1508. 4to. Lent by W. Harrison, Esq. 146 leaves without folios, pagination, or catchwords. Signatures aa to zz in eights and fours alternately, and && in six leaves. Colophon on the recto of && .iv. with Wynken de Worde's device on the reverse. This edition is dis- tinguished from the others by the initial F at the beginning of the text having the Portcullis of Westminster, and by the signatures being in double letters in lower case. There are 32 lines on a page, and the Latin text is in larger letters than the English. 706. Quincuplex Psalterium. Gallicum, Romanum, Hebraicum, Vetus, Conciliatum. Parisiis: Hen. Stephani, 1509.410. Two copies. One lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq., the other by Earl Spencer. 707. Bible (Latin). 6 vols. Paris: Wolfgang Hopyl, 1510. 161110. 708. Bible (Latin). Biblia, Pars scunda. Josue — Psalter. Paris : Wolfgang Hopyl, 15 10. i6mo. Lent by Rev. J. B. Ebsworth. 709. Bible (Latin). In Parrhisiorum vniuersitate arte Philippi pigou- chet Impesis Symonis vostre, 15 12. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 710. Bible (Latin). Lugduni : J. Mareschal, 1514. 4to. Lent by Llenry J. Atkinson, Esq. 15 1 9] the Caxton Exhibition 63 711. Biblia Polyglotta. Hebr. Chald. Gr. Lat. Cardinalis Ximenez. A. W. de Brocario. In Complutensi universitate (Alcala), 15 14-17. Folio. 6 vols. Lent by Earl Spencer. The first Polyglot Bible. Only 600 copies of it were printed, which were not published until 1520. The work occupied fifteen years in execution, and its cost was defrayed by Cardinal Ximenes. The first volume was completed the 10th January, 15 14, and the last the 10th July, 15 17. The Licence of Leo X. is dated 22nd March, 1520, but copies were not issued before 1522. The Cardinal died the 8th of November, 15 17, and the hitch in the publica- tion of the work was probably owing to this circumstance. 715. Bible (Latin). Lugduni per Jacobum Sacon, expesis Anthonij koberger, 15 15. Folio. Lent by H. White, Esq. 716. Bible (Latin). Lugduni in officina Jacobi Sacon, 15 15. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 717. Bible (Latin). Lugduni: Jacobi Sacon, expensis Ant. koberger, 15 16. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 718. New Testament (Greek and Latin). Nouum Instrumentum Erasmi. Basiliae: Froben, 15 16. Folio. Two copies. One lent by Henry White, Esq., the other by Earl Spencer. The first Greek New Testament accompanied by a Latin translation is re- ported to have been executed by Erasmus and Froben in five months. See Erasmus's twenty-sixth letter. 719. New Testament (Greek and Latin). Nouum Instrumentum, etc. Basiliae: Froben, 15 16. Folio. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This is generally called the first New Testament in Greek, though it had been printed two years before in the Ximenes Polyglot, but not issued till 1520. It had also been printed by Aldus, but in consequence of that printer's death, was not published till 1518. See No. 721. 720. Psalms (Polyglot). Psalterium. Hebr. Gr. Ar. Chald. Studio Aug. Justiniani. Genua?: P. P. Porrus, 15 16. Folio. Splendid copy, printed on vellum. Lent by Earl Spencer. A note on the nineteenth Psalm gives a short account of the life of Christo- pher Columbus, especially of his second voyage along the southern coast of Cuba, containing details of importance nowhere else told so fully. 721. BlBLE (Greek). Ylavra ra xareZoxw Kahov/xsva BIBAIA duaq &]ta3Vj yfatpvs na^aia; re, km vex;. Sacra Scripturae Veteris Novaque Omnia. Venetiis in asdibus Aldi et Andrea? soceri, 15 18. Februarius. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. First edition of the Septuagint. Contains the first Greek Old Testament published, though it had been printed the previous year in the Ximenes Poly- glot. This is a sumptuous copy on large paper. Aldus Pius Manutius, the projector of this work, as well as its chief editor and printer, died in 1516, before it was completed. Hence his father-in-law Andreas Asolanus' address to Cardinal /Egidius the friend of Aldus. 722. Bible (Latin). Lily on title. Venetiis : L. A. de Giunta, 15 19. 8vo. With the earliest metal engraving (?) Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 64 The Prin ted Bibles in [ 1 5 1 9 7 2 2*. New Testament (Greek and Latin). Erasmus's second edition. Basiliae : J. Froben, 15 19. Folio. Magnificent copy, printed on pure vellum. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. In this second edition the text is considerably purified, and it contains the verse in I John v. J, about the three that bear record in heaven, introduced here for the first time by Erasmus, though it had been printed in the Complu- tensian Polyglot in 15 14. 723. New Testament (Greek and Latin). Erasmus's second edition. With the Annotationes. 2 vols. Basiliae : J. Froben, 15 19. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 724. Bible (Latin). Lugduni : J. Mareschal, 15 19. 8vo. Lent by LLenry J. Atkinson, Esq. 7 24*. Bible (Latin). Another copy. Lent by the Earl of ' Beauchamp. 725. Bible (French). La Bible en francois. Paris: Jehan Petit, 1520. Folia Letit by Edwin S. Kowie, Esq. 726. Acts of the Apostles (German, Luther's). Printed on vellum. 15 2 1. 8vo. A fragment. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 727. Concordance (Latin). Basiliae : J. Froben, 15 21. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 728. New Testament (Greek). Hagenoae : Thomas Anselmi, 1521. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 729. Bible (Latin). Bibliorvm Opvs integrvm. Printed in Italics. Basiliae: J. Wolf, 1522. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 730. Bible (Latin). Lugduni: Jacob Sacon, 1522. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 731. Bible (Latin). Nurembergae : Fredericus Peypus, sumptu Joh. Koburger, 1522. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 732. New Testament (Latin). 2 vols. Argent. : J. Cnobloch, 1523. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 733. Bible (Latin). Lugduni: J. Mareschal, 1523. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 734. New Testament (French). (Transl. par Jacques le Fevre d'Etaples.) Guilaume Vorsterman, Anvers, 1523. 8vo. Le?it by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 735. Bible (German). Das Alt und neues Testaments der Martin Luther. Gedrukt zu Nuremberg durch Frederichen Peypus, 1524. 3 vols. Folio. Printed on vellum. Lent by Earl Spencer. These volumes want the Prophets and Apocrypha, which were not printed by Luther till 1532, to render this edition complete. This is the world- renowned copy printed on pure vellum, with the wood illustrations splendidly coloured like miniatures. 1528] the C ax ton Exhibition 65 737. Bible (German). Das gantz neiiw Testamet (Luther's). Zu Strassburg durch Wolff Kopphel. 1524. 8vo. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 738. Bible (Latin). Biblia Magna. Lugduni : Jacob Mareschal, 1525. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 739. Bible (Hebrew). 4 vols. Venet. : Bombcrg, 1525. 4to. • Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 740. Bible (Latin). Sacra Biblia ad LXX interpretum tralata. Basilise, per Andream Cratandrum, 1526. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 741. Bible (Latin). Lugduni: Jacob Marischal, 1526. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Curious plates at the end of Maccabreus. 742. Habacuc (German). Luther's. 1526. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 743. New Testament (English). [The Newe Testament in Englysshe, by William Tyndale. Worms: Peter Schoeffer, 1526?]. 8vo. Lent by the Dean a?id Chapter of St. Paul's Cathedral. This is one of the rarest and most precious volumes in our language, being the first complete edition of the New Testament by William Tyndale. Only two copies are known, this and the one at Bristol. This one is very imper- fect, while the Bristol copy wants only the title. 744. New Testament (English). Tyndale's first edition, supposed to have been printed at Worms by Peter Schoeffer in 1526; a fac- simile on vellum, illuminated, reprinted from the copy in the Baptist College, Bristol. With an Introduction by Francis Fry. 1862. 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. Mr. Fry has rendered a great service in reproducing this rare volume with so much care and fidelity. We ought here also to call attention to Mr. Arber's reprint of the quarto fragment of Tyndale's first edition of 1525. 745. Bible (Latin). Habes in hoc libro utriusque instrumenti novam translation*!: seditam a Sancto Pagnino. Lugduni : Ant. du Ry, 1528-7. 4to. Lent by Earl Spencer. With Melancthon's autograph notes. 746. Bible (Latin). Another copy. Lugduni : per Ant. du Ry, 152S. 4to. Lent by Henry/. Atkinson, Esq. First Bible divided into verses, but not divided exactly, as was afterwards done by Robert Stephens in his sixth edition of 1555, subsequently adopted by our English translators first in the Genevan version. 747. Bible (Dutch, Protestant). Te Bibel. Gheprint Thantwer- pen, Bi mi Willem Vorsterman, 1528-31. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 66 The Printed Bibles in [15 28 7 48. New Testament (German). Das New Testament, so durch L. Emser. Leyptzick durch Valter Schuman, 1528. 8vo. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 749. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Colonise ex aedibus Quentelianis, 1529. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 750. New Testament (German). &^ Das gantz New Testament : So durch den ^>tf/ Hochgelerten L. Hieronymun Emser verteiitscht, mitt sampt seinen zugefiig-/ten Summarien vnd Annotationen vber yegliche capitel angezeigt, wie Mar-/tinus Luther dem rechten Text (dem Huschischen exemplar nach) seins gefal-/lens, ab vnd tzugethan, vnd verendert hab, Wie dan durch bitte etzlicher Fiirsten/ vnd Herren gescheen, das er wol dem gemeynen volck tzu niitz, das war/ vnd recht Euangelion, am truck ausz geen lassen./ C Item ein new Register verordent vnd gemacht, vorstctlicher dan vor gewest./ Auch dem kauffer vnnd gemeynen man tzu gutt sindt hynden an getriickt, die/ Episteln ausz dem alten Testament, die man in der Christlichen kirchen durchs Jar helt, wol-/che dann der Emser in seyner Translation nicht bey gesetzt hat, da mit nicht eym jeglichen/ not sey eyn gantze Bybel tzu kauffen./ Anno M. cccc. xxix. Am. xxm. tag des Augst- monts./ \Colophon\ Getruckt vnd volendet in der loblichen stat Collen J durch Heronem Fuchs, vnnd aufifs new mit fleysz durch- leszen vnnd corrigirt/ vonn dem wirdigen doctor Johan Diten- berger. Mit verlag vnnd belo-/nung des Ersamen vnnd fiirsich- tigen burgers Peter Quentel. Im/ Jaer nach Christi vnsers salichmachers geburt m.cccc. / xxix. Am xxm tag des Augst- mants. Collen, 1529. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Six preliminary leaves : text folioed from I to 204, and paged from 205 to 227. This Translation of Emser is opposed to Luther's, which is here pro- nounced to be a falsification of the text. 751. Bible (Dutch, Protestant). Antwerp, By mi Willem Vorsterman, 1528-29. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 752. Bible (French). La Saincte Bible Francoys, translatee selon la pure et entiere traduction de Sainct Hierome (par Jacques le Fevre d'Estaples). En Anvers : par Martin Lempereur, 1530. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. This splendid volume was long regarded as the first complete Bible in the French language. It was translated by Le Fevre of Estaples from the Latin Vulgate, and was so faithfully done as to become the basis of all other French translations, both Roman Catholic and Protestant. It is however now rendered certain that the entire work had previously seen the light in six small octavo volumes, between the years 1523 and 1528, which volumes are so scarce that no library, as far as we know, possesses a complete set. The New Testament was printed by Simon de Colines at Paris in 1523, and again in 1524. By an order of the French Parliament, 28th August, 1525, the work was censured 1534] the Caxton Exhibition 67 and rigorously suppressed. The New Testament was in 1524 and 1525 re- printed in Antwerp by Vorsterman, and again in 1525 it was reprinted at Basle. In 1528 Martin Lempereur printed the Pentateuch and the Prophets in two volumes. The Psalms had been printed separately in 1525 by Colines at Paris. Lempereur again reprinted some of the volumes in 1529 and 1532, in octavo. 753. Pentateuch (English). The fyrst boke of Moses called Genesis. By William Tyndale. Marlborow : Hans Luft, 1530. 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. The five books of the Pentateuch have each separate titles, and were probably issued separately. Genesis and Numbers are in black letter, while the other three books are in Roman. 754. Bible (German). Zurich: C. Froschover, 1531. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Translated by Leo Jude and others. Woodcuts said to be by Holbein. See distaff of Eve and cannon and armour of Paul's escort. 755. Bible (Latin). Paris : Robertus Stephanus, 1532. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This is Robert Stephens's second Bible, of which he edited and published eight distinct editions between 1528 and 1556-7. 756. Bible (Dutch). Gheprint Thantuerpen, By my Willem Vorster- man, 1533-4. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 756*. Bible (German). Biblia, Getruckt zu Franckfurt am Mayn, Bei Christian Egenolph, 1534. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This very scarce Bible in the type and woodcuts closely resembles the Coverdale Bible of 1535, but from a careful comparison we confidently affirm that the type and the woodcuts are not identical with those of the Coverdale Bible. 757. Bible (Latin). Paris : R. Stephanus, 1534. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This is Stephens's third Bible. 758. New Testament (English, Tyndale's). ^[ The ne-/we Testament, dyly/gently corrected and/ compared with the/ Greke by Willyam/ Tindale ; and fynes-/shed in the yere of ou/re Lorde God./ A. M. D. "X. xxxiiij./ in the moneth of/ Nouember./ Antwerp : by Marten Emperowr, 1534. 8vo. Lent by W. Amhurst Tyssen-Amhurst, Esq. Sixteen preliminary leaves, viz. Title within a woodcut border ; on the re- verse, " C W. T. vnto the Reader." 17 pages ; " C A prologe into the .iiii. Euangelystes "/ (**. ii.) 3i pp., the remaining half-page being occupied by "CA warninge to y e reader if ought be/ scaped thorow necligence of the prynter." Then comes, on ** .iiii./ "Willyam Tindale/ yet once more to the/ christen reader."/ 9 pages : next page blank. Then follows the second title C The ne-/we Testa-/ment, C Imprinted at An-/werp by Marten/ Emperowr./ Anno. M.D. xxxiiij./ On the reverse is " C The bokes conteyned in the/ newe Testament." 27 lines, the last 4 not numbered. The Text begins with folio I (so in error for folio ii.) on A. ii. with a small woodcut of St. Matthew filling the space of 10 lines, nearly an inch wide. Revelations end on the top 68 The Printed Bibles in [1534 of the reverse of folio ccclxxxiii. with "The ende of the newe/ testament."/ Then follows on, "These are the Epistles ta-/ken oute of the olde testament," ending on the bottom of the recto of" folio cccc with " C Here ende the epistls of the olde/ Testament."/ Next come on the reverse of folio cccc. "C This is the Table/ whe/re in you shall fynde/ the Epistles and/ the Gospels/ after the vse of/ Salsbury." 1 8 pages, and 4 lines of the next page, followed immediately by, "C These thinges have I added to till/ vp the lesse with all."/ Occupying the remainder of that and the following page, ending at the bottom of the recto of Ee. viii. with " C The ende of this/ boke. "/ The reverse of the last leaf Ee. viii. is blank. The woodcut borders of the two titles are alike, except that while the shield at the bottom of the first is blank, that in the second is occu- pied by armorial bearings between the initials of Martin Kaiser, the Flemish name of the printer, Martin Emperour. Preceding each of the four Gospels, the Acts, and most of the Epistles, are small woodcuts, representing the Evan- gelists and Apostles, nearly one inch wide, and one and three-eighths inches high. In the Revelations are 22 woodcuts, two and three-eights inches by 3^ inches. This is Mr. Fry's No. 3, where it is fully described. 759. Pentateuch (English). By William Tyndale. The fyrst boke of Moses called Genesis. Newly corrected and amended by W. T. (in roman type). [Marlborow : Hans Luft, 1534.] 8vo. Lent by Earl Spencer. William Tyndale's corrected copy of the Pentateuch of 1534 is usually called the second edition, but only the first book was reprinted; the other four books, all dated 1530, were not changed. The first edition of Genesis appeared in 1530 [see No. 753]. A complete copy, comprising the whole five parts, like the present, is of the highest rarity. 765. Bible (English). Biblia./ The Bible, that/ is, the holy Scripture of the/ Olde and New Testament, faith-/fully and truly translated out/ of Douche and Latyn/ in to Englishe./ m.dxxxv./ [Myles Coverdale.] [Colophon.'] Prynted in the yeare of our Lord M.D.XXXV./ and fynished the fourth daye of October./ [Antwerp : Jacob van Meteren], 1535. Folio. 1 if by 8 inches. Lent by the Earl of Leicester. Eight preliminary leaves. The title is in black within a beautiful border composed of four woodcuts. On the reverse, in a similar type to the text of the Bible, are " The bokes of the whole Byble, how they are named/" &c, in four columns under the headings, " Abbreuiacion," "Boke," "Chapters," and "leafe." Then comes, on +. ii. the Dedication " Vnto the most victorious Prynce/" &c. 5 pages, ending on the recto of + iiii. with "youre graces humble sub-/iecte and daylye oratour,/ Myles Couerdale."/ On the reverse begins, "A prologe./ Myles Couerdale Vnto the Christen reader."/ with the initial C, six lines deep, 6 pages ; next follows on the reverse of the leaf "The bokes of the hole Byble," occupying 2 pages ; then comes in a smaller black letter, on the reverse of the last preliminary leaf, "The first boke of/ Moses, called/ Genesis/" 1 page. The Text is in six parts, Genesis to Deuteronomy, Folios i to xc, recto, the reverse blank ; Title, "The seconde par-/te of the olde Testament./ The bokeof Josua."&c, within a woodcut border composed of eight pieces, with " The boke of/ Josua./ What this boke conteyneth," on the reverse ; Text, Josua to Hester, Folios ij. to cxx. verso, Signature aa ij to vv in sixes : The third Part, without separate title-page, Job to Solomons Balettes, Folios i to lij, recto, Signatures Aa to Ii iiij. Title to the fourth Part, within a woodcut border of nine pieces, "All the Prophetes/ in Englishe./ Esay, Jeremy " &c, having on the reverse 1535] the Caxtou Exhibition 69 "The Prophet/ Esay./ What Esay conteyneth," one page ; Text, Esay to Malachy, Folios ij to cij verso, Signatures Aaa ij to Rrr vj. Title to the fifth Part, "Apocripha/ The bokes," &c, within a woodcut border of eight pieces, having on the reverse "The transzlatoure vnto the reader." 29 lines, and "The thirde boke of Esdras./ What this boke conteyneth." one page ; Text, The Third boke of Esdras to the Second boke of tin- Machabees, Folios ij to lxxxiij (marked lxxxi.) Signatures A ij to O v, followed by one blank leaf. Then comes the title to the sixth Part, "The new testament."/ &c, within a border of eight pieces, having on the reverse "The gospell of/ S. Mathew./ What S. Mathew conteyneth," one page; Text, Mathew to Revelation, Folios ij to cxiij verso, concluding with "The ende of the new testament." on the middle of the page. Underneath is "A faute escaped in pryntinge the new Testament." four lines ; and then comes the colophon near the bottom of the page, "Prynted in the yeare of oure Lorde m.d. xxxv./ and fynished the fourth day of October." Between the first and second parts is a large woodcut map, nfby 1 5§ inches square, entitled, " The desiripcion of the londe of promes, called Palestina, Canaan, or the holy londe."/ Let no Englishman or American view this and the six following Bibles with- out first lifting his hat, for they are seven extraordinary copies of the Cover- dale Biule, containing, with one important exception (the Marquis of Northampton's copy), all the variations known of the most precious volume in our language. For the latest notes on its history the reader is referred to our Introduction to this collection of Bibles, pp. 36-42. Jacob van Mcteren, of Antwerp, printer and proprietor, and probably the translator, by whom Cover- dale was employed to edit and see the work through the press, having sold the edition to James Nicolson, of Southwark, that English printer and publisher seems to have had as much trouble in working off his book as Simmons had in selling Milton's " Paradise Lost," if we may judge by the number of new titles and preliminary leaves found in different copies. First, we have here in the Earl of Leicester's copy, Van Meteren's original Antwerp title, as first issued, with part of the list of "The bokes of the hole Byble," ending with Malachi on the reverse. Of course the second leaf would be a continuation of this list of "The bokes" from the Apocrypha to Revelation, and hence we may infer that the volume originally contained no dedication to Henry VIII and his "dearest iust wife," Anne [Bulleyn] or Jane [Seymour], for that would cause the dedication to commence on the verso of the second leaf. Besides, we have in this copy of the Earl of Leicester a unique leaf, containing the end of Coverdale's Prologue to the Reader, in the Antwerp type of the body of the book. If our calcula- tions are correct, Coverdale's Prologue to the Reader would commence on the verso of the second leaf and end with this page in the Holkham copy, thus de- monstrating almost to a certainty that there was originally no dedication to the King. This being the case, Nicolson, towards the end of 1535, finding the Convocation, Cranmer, Cromwell, and the King, more propitious towards free Scriptures in English than they had been in Sir Thomas More's time when he went over to Antwerp, had abundant reason for cancelling the Antwerp title and reprinting all the preliminary mattei, so as to admit the long and rather fulsome dedication to Henry, which Coverdale probably concocted in London to suit the occasion and to pave the way to a royal licence. These two unique perfect leaves, the first and the last of the original four or six preliminary leaves, therefore render this (the Earl of Leicester's copy) of unspeakable im- portance in the bibliographical history of the Book. Nicolson then, it seems, cancelling the originals, replaced them with eight preliminary leaves, inserting Coverdale's Dedication of five pages and leaving verso of title blank. A copy of Nicolson's first title with date 1535, the reverse blank, is in the library of the Marquis of Northampton ; very important as 70 The Printed Bibles in [1535 proving that there was no delay in issuing the volume, as some writers have claimed there was. Nicolson, it is well known, possessed the original wood- cuts of the work, including the map and the title. The arrangement of the title is very beautiful, and Nicolson, we think, somewhat improved upon the original. He added two lines to the last motto so as to complete the sense, instead of leaving it to end with &c. like the Antwerp title, but as his type was larger than the foreign type, and the cartouche of the wood-block was confined, he was obliged to drop one line, and hence were omitted the only words he could well omit, "and truly .... out of Douche and Latyn," about which omission pages and pages of pure nonsense have been written for and against the honour and credit of Coverdale. It is true that the words left out tell strongly in favour of the translation being done by a foreigner, but in the London dedication Coverdale having mentioned his use of "fyue sundry inter- preters" in "setting forth" the work, he and Nicolson avoided a seeming contradiction by omitting these words. The omission, however, was unques- tionably and simply a matter of the printer's taste and convenience, the truth having been more fully and accurately explained by Coverdale himself, in his Epistles to the King and to the Reader. Nicolson's first or separate edition of the Dedication contains the name of Queen Anne, while the Dedication in his folio reprint of 1537 has instead the name of Queen Jane, who was married to the King, May 20, 1536, showing that it was printed after this date. Nicolson not only sold off this original edition in 1535 and 1536, but he im- mediately printed two other editions in English type, the one in folio and the other in quarto, both bearing the date of 1537, though probably printed mostly in 1536. It has been a much debated question as to which of these editions of Nicolson was the earlier. We are inclined to give the precedence to the folio, first because the preliminary leaves that appear in it were used to make up the Antwerp edition with a title dated 1536, like the Earl of Jersey's and the Gloucester Cathedral copies, having in the Dedication the name of Jane ; and, secondly, because neither the 1536 nor 1537 folio titles bear the words "Set forth with the kinges moost gracious licence," which appear at the bottom of the title of the quarto edition. It is not unlikely that when Grafton obtained his licence to "set forth" the Matthew Bible in 1537, a similar favour was granted to Nicolson for his three editions of the Coverdale Bible, though it was too late to add these words to the titles. 766. Bible (English). Coverdale's. Fynished the fourth daye of October, 1535. [Jacob van Meteren, Antwerp], 1535. Folio. 12! by 8 inches. Lent by Earl Spencer. This copy is slightly imperfect, wanting only the original title-page and the map. A title is made up in manuscript by using the woodcut border of the title of the Great Bible of 1539, reprinted in 1540 by Petyt and Redman for Ber- thelet, or that of Raynalde and Idyll's Matthew's Bible of 1549, both from the same block as the genuine title of 1535, but differing in the setting of the texts. The dedication leaves containing the name of Queen Jane are the same as the second edition (folio) of the Coverdale Bible printed by Nicolson, of Southwark, No. 790. 767. Bible (English). Coverdale's. Nearly complete. [Jacob van Mete- ren, Antwerp]. 1535. Folio. Lent by the Sion College Library. A MS note pasted in the cover says this copy was borrowed by the British Museum, August 19, 1772, to complete their copy by facsimiles taken from it. Certain leaves then wanting in this copy have been added, since it appears now to want only the original title-page and map. The name of Queen Jane is in the Dedication. : S 35] tfe Caxton Exhibition 71 768. Bible (English). Coverdale's. Another copy. [Antwerp : Jacob van Meteren], 1535. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. This is a good copy correctly made up with facsimiles. 769. Bible (English). Coverdale's. Another copy. [Jacob van Meteren, Antwerp], 1535. Folio. \z\ by 7I inches. Lent by IV. Am hurst Tyssen-Atnhurst, Esq. An excellent copy, having the title, the next three leaves, and the map in facsimile. 770. Bibls (English). Coverdale's. [Antwerp : Jacob van Meteren], 1535. Folio. 12! by 7I inches. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. This copy has the titles and map in excellent facsimile ; otherwise fine. 771. Bible (English). £&■ Biblia §0 / The Byble : that/ is, the holy Scrypture of the/ Olde and New Testament,/ faythfully translated in/to Englyshe./ m.d. xxxvi./ S. Paul. II. Tessal. III./ Praye for vs, that the word of God/ may haue fre passage 1 be glorified./ S. Paul. Colloss. III./ Let the worde of Christe dwell in you/ plen- teously in all wysdome, 1c./ Josue. I./ Let not the Boke of this Lawe departe/ out of thy mouth, but exercyse thy selfe/ therin daye and nyghte, y l thou mayest/ kepe and doe euery thynge ac- cordynge/ to it that is wrytten therin./ [ Colophon] Prynted in the yeare of oure Lorde m.d. xxxv./ and fynished the fourth daye of October./ [Jacob van Meteren, Antwerp], 1535, and [James Nicolson, Southwark], 1536. Folio. 12$ by 7I inches. Lent by the Earl of Jersey. This is our seventh copy of the Coverdale Bible, and though last by no means least. It is, we believe, the only copy known, perfect as it came from the hands of the publisher Nicolson ; that is, with the title, reverse blank, and the seven other preliminary leaves, together with the map as added by Nicolson ; while the rest of the volume is as it came from Van Meteren. The Dedication has the name of Queen Jane, showing that the seven leaves are the same as those in Nicolson's folio of 1537. The map has the descriptive line at the top in English type and not in the Antwerp type, showing that this impression was taken off the block in England. We can trace this same block of the map as late as the Bishop's Bible of 1574. We have said before that the blocks used in the title and in the body of the book by Van Meteren at Antwerp all passed into the possession of Nicolson, and can be traced in many books for many years in England. Mr. Francis Fry, in his admirable book called The Bible by Coverdale, 1535, has amply proved this. We do not, therefore, credit the oft- repeated story that they are the cuts of Hans Sebald Behem of Nuremberg, or that they were the identical cuts used by Christopher Froschover of Zurich. There is a bare possibility that Froschover at Zurich got up the Coverdale type, cuts, title, and map, and having used them in his folio German Bible of 1534, sold them at once and secretly to Van Meteren of Antwerp in time for him to finish printing the Coverdale Bible by the 4th of October, 1535, and then sell the whole stock, books, type, cuts, &c, to Nicolson of Southwark, and so escape the lynx-eyed imperial emissaries and spies. But there are heaps of floating straws in the current against this argument, one of which is perhaps sufficient to show that these cuts never saw Zurich. The large cut of the Tabernacle, used twice, has the words OOST, NORD, and SAlfD (the v and the j 72 The Printed Bibles in [1535 upside down), three unmistakable Flemish words, or such as would not have been used in Zurich, Lyons, or Frankfort, but are well suited to the latitude of Antwerp. We are rejoiced, therefore, to be privileged .to place this world- renowned Osterly copy at one end of our rank of seven matchless Coverdales, with the equally celebrated Holkham copy at the other end. It remains now to give a brief history of the several vain attempts made during the last hundred years to satisfactorily complete our first Bible. In 1772 the British Museum and Sion College copies were used to complete each other in manuscript. About 1840 the late Mr. John Harris supplied the outer border of the title of the British Museum copy by piecing it, and adding a facsimile of the cuts from the same block title used in the edition of 1549, having the centre inscription in Latin. But when the Holkham copy was brought to light, in 1846, it was found that the original inscription was in English on the right side as it was on the left. The Osterly copy confirmed this, though dated 1536. In December, 1849, Mr. Harris, having traced the Holkham title while it was in London being bound by Lewis, made an excellent lithographic fac- simile of both the title and the list of books on the back of it. The late Mr. William Pickering in the meantime had a wood-cut made in facsimile of the title of the Museum copy, as first restored by Harris, with the English inscrip- tion on the one side and the Latin on the other. The fourth facsimile is an off-tract from Harris's Holkham copy, made by him for Mr. George Offer, but somewhat inferior to his own. A fifth kind of restoration is to take the title of 1540 or 1549, cut out the centre, and put in the Coverdale title of 1535, but this leaves the inscriptions all in Latin. The sixth facsimile is from Harris's original Holkham stone with the Osterly inset of 1536, the reverse being left blank. The seventh is from Harris's stone with the inset from the Marquis of Northamp- ton's copy, with date 1535, reverse blank. Collectors, being very properly puzzled how to use these several facsimiles to make up their copies, generally insert as many as they can procure. Harris's original stone is still in existence, together with the insets of the English titles of both 1535 and 1536. Nicolson issued two sets of the Dedication, Prologue, &c, in seven leaves, one with the name of Queen Anne, and the other with that of Queen Jane. Mr. Triphook reprinted these leaves in old black letter, about 1825, in quasi facsimile. Mr. Pickering had a "seeming" facsimile of the Anne leaves printed on old paper at the Chiswick Press. Mr. Harris did them both in his best style, traced and lithographed. Mr. George Offor did them both also in his style, and both sets have more recently been reproduced in facsimile for Mr. Fry. All these issues are found in various copies, and, we believe, some copies have all of them, or as many as procurable. Still, after all is said and done, no one has yet seen of Van Meteren's original preliminary leaves any others besides the title and the last one, as described above in the Earl of Leicester's copy. 772. Bible (French). La Bible en Francoys. Le Viel Testament de Lebrieu : 1 le Nouveau du Grec. [By P. R. Oli- vetan, assisted by J. Calvin.] Neufchastel : Pierre de Wingle, 1535. Folio. Two copies. One lent by H. White, Esq., and the other by Earl Spencer. The first Protestant French Bible, usually called the " Olivetan," from the name of one of its translators. 774. New Testament (German). Das New Testament Deiidsch (Luther's). Widerumb fleissig corrigiert. Printed on vellum. Augspurg : Heinrich Stayner, 1535. 8vo. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1 i53 6 l the Caxton Exhibition. 73 7 7 4*. New Testament (German and Latin). C. Froschover, Zurich, 1535. 4to. Lent by Mrs. B. F. Stevens. This rare edition probably served Nicolson in 1537-38 as a model for his New Testament in English and Latin, to which with consent he put Cover- dale's name. See No. 798 and 800. 775. New Testament (German). Luther's second edition. 153 . Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 776. Bible (English). The History of the Bible, circa 1535. 8vo. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 777. Bible (Hebrew). With marginal notes in Greek. Basilise: Ex officina Frobeniana, 1536. 4to. Lent by Charles D. Sherborn, Esq. 77S. New Testament (English). Tyndale's. London [Thomas Berthelet?] 1536. Folio. Lent by the Bodleian Library. This fine and perfect volume is believed to be the first portion of the Holy Scriptures printed in England. 779. New Testament (English). The newe Testament yet once agayne corrected by Wylliam Tyndall, whereunto is added an exhortacion to the same of Erasmus Rot. with an Englysshe Kalender and a Table / necessary to fynde easly and lyghtely any story contayned in the iiii. euangelistes 1 in the Actes of the Apostles. 1536. 8vo. Lent by Earl Spencer. At the end of the New Testament in this edition there follow the " Epystles taken out of the Olde Testament / what are red in the Church after the use of Salsburye upon certen dayes of the year." This fine, large, clean, perfect and matchless copy is fully described by Mr. Fry under his No. 10. 780. New Testament (English). C The Newe Testament yet once agayne corrected by Willyam Tyndale. [Antwerp?], 1536. 4to. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. This is called the Engraver's mark edition. A fine perfect copy, measuring 82 by 5s inches. It is Mr. Fry's No. 9. 782. New Testament (English). C The Newe Testament yet once agyne corrected by Willyam Tindale. [Antwerp?], 1536. 4to. Lent by the Earl of Jersey. This is called the Mole edition. A very fine tall copy on paper stained yellow. Measures 9^ by 5| inches. Fry's No. 8. 783. New Testament (English). C The newe Testament yet once agayne corrected by Willyam Tindale. [Antwerp ?], 1536. 4to. Lent by W. Amhurst Tyssen-Amhurst, Esq. This is called the Blank-Stone edition, and measures 8^ by 6fe inches. A fine and perfect copy. It is Fry's No. 7. 784. New Testament (Latin). Per D. Erasmum. Colonic prope Diuum Lupum, 1536. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. K 74 The Printed Bibles in [1537 790. "Bible (English, Coverdale's). £* Biblia #e/ The Byble, that/ is the holy Scrypture of the/ Olde and New Testament, fayth-/ fully translated in Englysh, and/ newly ouersene 1 corrected./ m.d.xxxvii./ [3 mottos as before] C Imprynted in Southwarke for/ James Nycolson./ Folio. Zhed capitals, and in the centre a woodcut representing the angel touching the lips of the prophet with a coal of fire from the altar ; Text, folioed j to xciiij, end- ing at the centre of the reverse, and having the large initials of William Tyn- dale below. Next follows the third title, in black and red, " C The Volume of/ the bokes called Apocripha."/ within a border of 15 woodcuts, having on the reverse a prologue "C To the Reader," in long lines ; Text folioed ij to lxxxj. ending on the reverse, and followed by a blank leaf. Then comes in black and red, within the same woodcut border as the first title, " 3* The newe/ Testament of/ oure sauyour Jesu Christ,/ newly and dylygently trans- lated/ into Englyshe with annotacions/ in the Mergent to help the/ Reader to the vnderstan-/dynge of the/ Texte./ C Prynted in the yere of/ oure Lorde God./ m.u.xxxvii./" reverse blank ; Text, Matthew to Revelations, folioed ij. to Cix. ending on the recto. On the reverse begins "This is the Table/ wherin ye shall fynde the Epi-/stles and the Gospels, after the/ vse of Salis- bury," 5 pp. ; on the next leaf is the Colophon given above, reverse blank. Really edited by John Rogers, the first martyr under Queen Mary, 1555. It was printed abroad, the expense of the work being defrayed by R. Grafton and E. Whitchurch, two citizens of London. By Cranmer'sand Cromwell's influence it received royal authority. It now appears tolerably evident that the enter- prising foreign citizen of Antwerp, Jacob van Meteren, who printed Coverdale's Bible and sold the edition to Nicolson, with cuts, map, and probably the tyj>e (lost), got up and printed this Bible also, and sold the whole edition to Grafton and Whitchurch, together with the special plant thereto belonging. Rogers and Van Meteren were relatives by marriage. See our Introduction, page 39. 793. Bible (English). Matthew's. [Antwerp? Printed by Jacob van Meteren?] London: Grafton & Whitchurche, 1537. Another copy. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 794. Bible (English). Matthew's. Another not quite perfect copy [Antwerp ? Printed by Jacob van Meteren ?] London : Grafton and Whitchurch, 1537. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 795. Bible (English). Matthew's. Another copy, wanting title [Antwerp ? Jacob van Meteren ?] London : Grafton and Whit- church, 1537. Folio. Lent by Samuel Hare, Esq. 795*.Bible (French). Illustrated. Paris, 1537-1538. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 796. Bible (German). Zurich : C. Froschover, 1538. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 797. New Testament (English, Coverdale's). £• The new/ Testament of oure/ Sauyour Jesu/ Christ./ Faythfully translated, &/ lately correcte : wyth a/ true concordaunce in the/ margent, & many neces-/sary annotacions decla-/rynge sondry harde pla-/ces coteyned in the text./ C Eympret in the yeare/ of our Lorde M.d. xxxviii./ \Colophoti\ C Imprynted at Antwerpe, by Matthew/ Crom. In the yeare of oure Lorde/ M.D. xxxviii./ Svo. Lent by tin British and Foreign Bible Society. 76 The Printed Bibles in [1538 Eight preliminary leaves, viz. the Title, in red and black, in a small com- partment surrounded by a beautiful and elaborate woodcut border, having on the reverse "C An Almanack for xxxii. yeares." The second leaf begins on *ij with the Kalendar which fills eight pages. The sixth leaf begins "C A Prologe vnto/ the newe Testament." 5 pp. with the running titles in red. On the reverse of the eighth leaf, above a woodcut, is " 3* A prologe of/ Saynt Matthew." The Text in long lines, black letter, neither paged or folioed, Matthew to Revelations, signatures A to Z, a to m, in eights, and end- ing on the reverse of m viij, with " The ende of the new Testament." Then comes " Here followe the/ Epystles of the olde Testament, whych are/ red in the Churche after the vse of Salysbury,/ vpon certayne dayes of the yeare."/ 19 pp.; ending on the recto of o ij, followed by "$j^The Table,/ wherin ye shall fynde the Epystles and/ the Gospels after the vse of Salysbury,"/ 9 pp. and half of the following page, the rest of this and the next three pages being occupied by "C The summe &/ content of all the holy Scripture, both/ of the olde and new Testament," ending with the colophon ; making in all 16 sequent leaves. This is one of the most interesting of all the early editions of the New Testament. It possesses many peculiarities, and little seems to be known of its history. It is Coverdale's Version of the text, with Tyndale's Prologues. The prologues of each of the Evangelists are placed before the books to which they severally belong, and Coverdale's summaries of the chapters are placed not together before each book as in the edition of 1535, but separately before each chapter. At the ends of a greater part of the chapters are Gloses, or Notes, in a smaller type, which appear here, as far as I can learn, for the first time, and add considerably to the interest of this edition. They are quite different from the Notes of Matthew as given in the first edition of 1537. The woodcut illustrations are far more numerous than in any other edition, there being nearly 200 cuts, above twenty of which fill the whole page. Many of them are very spirited and beautiful. Matthew begins on the recto of A ; Mark on the verso of E. vij. ; Luke on the recto of H. v. ; John on the verso of H. iij ; Acts on the verso of Q viij ; Romans on the recto of X. vij. ; Timothy on the recto of e. v. ; Hebrews on the verso of h. iij ; Revelations on the verso of k. i. This copy appears to have belonged to Henry VIII, having the arms of that sovereign stamped on the covers. It corresponds in every thing but the imprint at the end with the Grenville copy in the British Museum. It was at one time stolen from the Library of the British and Foreign Bible Society, and disposed of to a London Bookseller ; but it was afterwards recovered through information given by Mr. F. Fry to Mr. Bullen of the British Museum, who compiled the well-known Catalogue of the Bible Society's Library. 798. New Testament (English and Latin, Coverdale's). The newe tes-/tament both Latine and/ Englyshe ech correspondent to/ the other after the vulgare texte, com-/munely called S. Jeroms. Fay th-/ fully translated by Myles/ Couerdale./ Anno. M.cccccxxxvm./ Jeremie. xxn./ Is not my worde lyke a fyre sayeth the/ Lorde, and lyke an hammer that/ breaketh the harde stone ?/ Printed in Southwarkej by James Nicolson./ Set forth wyth the Kyn/ges moost gracious licence./ 1538. 4to. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. Six preliminary leaves, viz. Title in black and red, within a border composed of four woodcuts, a column on each side supporting a head-piece containing in the centre a medallion with a male and a female head ; reverse blank : " C To i53 8 ] the Caxton Exhibition 77 the moost noble,/ moost gracious, and oure moost dradde so-/ueraigne lord Kynge Henry ye eyght, etc. Sig. -f- ii. 3 pp. ; On the reverse begins, "To the Reader." 3 pp.; "An Almanack for .xviii. yeares." (the 1st, 3rd, and 5th words in red) and a Kalendar, in red and black, 4 pp. in double columns, the Almanack occupying only the first half of the first column. The text in double columns, the Latin in roman type occupying the inner, and the English, in black letter, the outer column, begins "C sanc-/tvm iesv christi/ euange- liu secundu Matheii." (the N in the first word being printed upside down) \sith folio I [not marked] on A. i. and ends on the verso of folio 344, Vv. vi. fol- lowed by, "C A table to finde the Epistles/ and Gospels vsually red in the Church/ after Salysbury vse," 4 pp. in double columns. This is Nicolson's first edition of Coverdale's New Testament, printed in Southwark while Coverdale was in Paris, superintending the printing of The Great Bible. It is a sightly volume, well printed, and on good paper ; but the proof reading was so exceedingly bad, and the blunders of all sorts were so numerous, that Cover- dale on receiving a copy in July 1538 was so mortified and annoyed, that he at once put to press in Paris another edition more correct, which was finished in November. His dedication to the King was written in Paris in Lent, 1538, and sent to Nicolson, who issued the volume in time for Coverdale to receive by chance a copy in Paris in July following. See No. 799. 799. New Testament (English, Coverdale's). C The new testament both in/ Latin and English after/ the vulgare texte :/ which is red in/ the churche./ Translated and corrected by My-/les Couerdale : and prynted in/ Paris, by Fraunces Regnault./ M. ccccc. xxxviii/ in Nouembre./ Printed for Richard Grafton/ and Edward Whitchurch/ cytezens of London./ Cum gratia \ priuilegio regis./ 1538. 8vo. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. Another Copy, lent by Henry y. Atkinson, Esq. Title in red and black within a very beautiful architectural woodcut border, reverse blank; Coverdale's Dedication "CTo the ryght honorable lorde Cromwell" 2 pages, + ij ; "CTo the Reader." + iij, 2 pages; "C .-/// Almanack for .xvzi. yeares." I page; Kalender 6 pp. next page blank ; in all 7 prel. leaves. Text, Matthew to Revelations, cclxxiiij folioed leaves, ending with the 1 8th line on the reverse. In the centre of the same page begins, "C A table to fynde the Epist-/les and Gospels vsually red in the/ Church after Salysbury vse," etc. filling that and the four next pages, concluding on the reverse of M M iiii, with " C The ende of the table." This is Coverdale's revised or authorized edition, printed at Paris under his own eye, in conse- quence of the errors of Nicolson's edition printed in London during his absence. The English text, the running titles, the folios, and the headings of the chap- ters in English, are in a small black letter, while the Latin text occupying the inner column and the marginal notes is in small roman type. There are forty- nine lines in English, and sixty in Latin on a full page. There are no wood- cuts, except one on the first leaf of the text. In his dedication to Cromwell Coverdale gives the following interesting details respecting this and his pre- vious editions, reprinted verbatim. " Trueth it is, that this last lent I dyd with all hublenesse directe an Epistle vnto the kynges most noble grace : trastinge, that the boke (wher vnto it was prefixed) shulde afterwarde haue bene aswell correcte, as other bokes be. And because I coulde not be present my selfe (by the reason of sondrye notable impedimetes) therfore in asmoch as the new testsment, which I had set forth in English before, doth so agree wyth the latyn, I was hartely well contet, that the latyn and it shulde be 78 The Printed Bibles in [1538 set together : Prouyded allwaye, that the correctour shulde followe the true copye of the latyn in anye wyse, and to kepe the true & right Englishe of the same. And so doynge, I was cotet to set my name to it. And euen so I dyd : trustinge, though I were absent & out of the lande, yet all shuld be well : And (as God is my recorde) I knew none other, till this last Julye, that it was my chauce here in these parties at a straungers hande, to come by a copye of the sayde prynte. Which whan I had perused, I founde, that as it was dis- agreable to my former translacion in English, so was not the true copye of the latyn texte obserued, nether the english so correspondent to the same, as it ought to be : but in many places both base, insensyble, & cleane contrary, not onely to the phrase of oure language, but also from the vnderstondyng of the texte in latyn. Wherof though no man to this houre did wryte ner speake to me, yet for asmoch as I am sworne to the trueth, I wyll fauoure no man to the hynderaunce therof, ner to the maynteyning of anye thing that is contrary to the ryght & iust furtheraunce of the same. And therfore, as my dewtye is to be faythfull, to edifye, and with the vttemost of my power to put awaye all occasions of euell, so haue I (though my businesse be greate ynough besyde) endeuoured my selfe to wede out the fautes that were in the latyn & English afore : trustinge, that this present correction maye be (vnto them that shall prynt it herafter) a copye sufficient. But because I may not be myne owne iudge, ner leane to myne owne pryuate opynion in thys or anye lyke worke of the scripture, therfore (according to the dewtye that I owe vnto youre lord- shippes office, in the iurisdiction ecclesiasticall of oure most noble kynge) I humbly offre it vnto the same, besechinge you, that (where as this copye hath not bene exactly followed afore, the good hart and wyll of the doars may be considered, & not be necligence of the worke : Specially, seing they be soch men : which as they are glad to prynt and set forth any good thyng, so wyll they be hartely well content, to haue it truly correcte, that they them selues of no malyce ner set purpose haue ouersene. And for my parte (though it hath bene daage to my poore name) I hartely remitte it, as I do also the ignoraunce of those, (which not long agoo) reported, that at the prynting of a right famous mans sermon, I had depraued the same, at the doyng wherof I was thirtie myle from thence, neither dyd I euer set pene to it, though I was de- syred. Now as concerning this texte of latyn, because it is the same that is red in the church, & therfore comSly the more desyred of all men, I do not doute, but after that it is examined of the lerned (to whom I most hartely referre it) it shall instructe the ignoraut, stoppe the mouthes of euell speakers, & induce both the hearers and readers to fayth and good workes :". M arke begins on the recto of E iij, Luke on the recto of H, John on the recto of M vij, Acts on the recto of Q iij, Romans on the verso of V viij, Revelations on the verso of JJ viij. 800. New Testament (English and Latin, Hollybush). The newe tes-/tament both in Latine and/ Englyshe eche correspondente to/ the other after the vulgare texte, com-/munely called S. Jeromes. Fayth-/fullye translated by Johan/ Hollybushe./ Anno. m.ccccc. xxxviii. / Jeremie. xxi./ Is not my worde lyke a fyre sayeth the/ Lorde, and lyke an hammer that/ breaketh the harde stone./ Prynted in Southwarke\ by James Nicolson./ Set forth wyth the Kyn-/ges moost gracious lycence./ 1538. 4to. Letit by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Six preliminary leaves, viz. Title all in black, within a woodcut border like the preceding edition, reverse blank: " C To the moost noble,/ moost • 1539] the C ax ton Exhibition 79 gracious, and oure moost dradcle so-/ueraigne lord Kynge Henry y e eyght, kyng of Englade/ and of Fraunce. Defender of Christes true fayth, and vn the chefe and supreme heade of the church/ of Englande, Irelande, 1c. " 3 pages, signed by Myles Couerdale; the Prynted at Loudon in Fletestrete at/ the sygne of the sonne by John Byd- ; dell, for Thomas Barthlet./ iSP Cvm Privilegio/ ad imprimendum solum./ M. D. xxxix./ Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Title, within a border of four woodcuts, the top one having in the centre a male and female head within a circle, the whole surrounded with a double black line, reverse blank ; Dedication begins on gip. ij. " 5^ To the mi 1st noble, most mighty, and most/ redoubted prynce, kynge Henry the. VIII." etc. 1 page ; on the reverse, " £4^ These thynges ensuynge are/ joyned w' this present vo-/lume of the bible.", and " Igp An exhortacion to the diligent/ studye of the holy scripture/ gathered out of the Bible "/ 1 page. The third leaf begins " The Contentes of the Scriptvre " 2 pp. in long lines ; The fourth leaf begins "The Names of the Bokes of the Byble.", 1 p. in two columns ; on the reverse, " 1J2P A briefe rehersall of the yeres passed, "etc. filling about a quarter of the page; then comes " lgp° A Table of the principal maters' conteyned in the Bible.", filling in double columns that and the next twenty- four pages : making in all 16 preliminary leaves. Text, in double columns. Genesis to Solomon's Ballet, ccxxx folioed leaves, with signatures A to Z. Aa to Oo in sixes, and Pp in eight leaves. Then follows a title without any border, "54^- The Boke of/ the Pro-/phetes." etc. reverse blank ; Text, beginning on AA. ij. Esaye to Malachi, lxxxxi folioed leaves, sigs. AA. to PP. vij ; then comes on PP viij. a third title, also without any border, "£<;» The Yolvme of/ 80 The Prin ted Bibles in [1539 the Bokes cal-/led Apocripha."/etc. reverse blank ; Text, Third book of Esdras to Second .Machabees, lxxy folioed leaves, followed by one blank leaf. Sigs. Aaa to Mmm in sixes, and Nnn in four leaves. Then comes the New Testa- _ ye shall/ fyndc the Epistles and the Gospels/ after the vse of Salisbury." 5 pp. in double columns, ending at the bottom of the fifth page with this Colophon, "CTo the honour and prayse of God, was this Byble/ prynted : and fynyshed, in the yere of/ our Lorde God, a/ M. d. xxxix./ The last page is blank. This is generally known as Taverner's Bible, and is very seldom found quite complete. This copy, like all others I have seen, wants signature K, or folios 55 to 60 in the New Testament. This hiatus of six leaves was probably intended to be filled with a Prologue to the Epistle to the Romans. 812. Bible (English). Another copy. Recognised by Richard Taverner. London : John Byddell for Thomas Berthelet, 1539. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 813. Bible (English, "Great Bible"). C The Byble in/ Englyshe, that is to saye the con-/tent of all the holy scrypture, bothe/ of y e olde and newe testament, truly/ translated after the veryte of the/ Hebrue and Greke textes, by y e dy-/lygent studye of dyuerse ex- cellent/ learned men, expert in the forsayde/ tonges./ C Prynted by Rychard Grafton 1/ Edward Whitchurch./ Cum priuilegio ad imprimen-/dum solum./ 1539./ [Colophon] The ende of the new Testamet :/ and of the whole Byble, Fynisshed in Apryll,/ Anno. M. CCCCC. xxxix./ A dno factu est istud,/ Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Six preliminary leaves, viz. 1. Title, in black and red within Holbein's beauti- ful woodcut border, having on the reverse " C The names of all the bookes of the Byble/ 1 the content of the Chapters," etc. 2. * ii, "The Kalender/ January,/ hath. xxxj. dayes. The mone .xxx./ (all these words in red) 2 leaves, in red and black, having ' C An Almanach for. xix, yeares./ on the last half of the verso of the third leaf, with three lines underneath in black, preceded by a C in red. 4. * iiij, " C An exhortacyon to the studye of the holy/ Scripture gathered out of the Byble."/ 1 page, the letter S in Scripture directly under the letter r in exhortacyon. On the reverse " C The summe and content of all the holy/ Scripture, both of the olde and new testament." 2 pp. ; the fifth leaf beginning " loue to al me,". On the reverse "CA Prologue, expressynge what is/ meant by certayn signes and tokens that we/ haue set in the Byble. \/ the initial F filling the space of five lines, and the last line being "for euer. Amen." with "God saue the Kynge," in large letters 2^ inches below. 6. " C A descripcyon and successe of the kyn-/ges of Juda and Jerusalem," etc. beginning " Dauid raygned ouer Israel the .iij. c. xxix. yere " : On the middle of the reverse begins " CWyth what iudgement the bokes of the/ Olde Testa- ment are to be red." The text is divided into five parts, each with separate titles except the first : Part I, Genesis to Deuteronomiu, 84 leaves, Fo, j, to Fo, Ixxxiiij, Genesis beginning with the initial I nine lines deep, and Deute- ronomy ending in the middle of the recto with " C The ende of the fyfth bo-/ke of Moses, called in the Hebrue/ Elle Iladdebarim, and in/ the Latin./ Deu- 1539] the Caxton Exhibition 81 teronomium," reverse blank : Title " C The second/ parte of the Byble con-/ tayning these/ bookes." within a border composed of 16 woodcuts, the lower left hand corner one representing three women kneeling before a man sitting, reverse blank ; Text, Josua to Job, 122 leaves, Fo. ij. to Fo. cxxiij. beginning "AFter the death of Mo- "/ and ending on the reverse of folio 123, follow I by a blank leaf. Title " C The thirde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynyng these/ bookes."/ in a border of 16 woodcuts, the second one from the top on the right hand side representing an old man kneeling to the king sitting, with a soldier holding a halberd in his left hand standing behind the old man, reverse blank. Text, Psalmes to Malachy, 133 leaves, Fo. ij. to Fo. cxxxiij. ending on the middle of the recto with " synge. \ "/ for the last line, reverse blank. The title of the fourth Part, unlike any of the other editions, is within the same woodcut border as the first title, "CThe Volume of/ the bokes called Hagio- grapha."/ having on the reverse, " To the Reader." fifty-four long lines ; Text, The .iij. boke Of Esdras to The seconde boke Of the Machabees, 79 leaves, Fo, ij. to Fo. lxj, so misprinted for Fo. Ixxx. ending at the bottom of the reverse with "now make an ende." for the last line. The title of the fifth Part, unlike that of any of the other editions, is within a border composed of six woodcuts. "CThe newe Te-/stament in englyshe translated/ after the Greke, cotaynlg/ these bookes."/ reverse blank ; Text, MathewtoThe Revela- cyon, 102 leaves. Fo ii, to Fo. ciij, ending with the fourteenth line in the first column of folio 103 with "Jesu. The grace of oure/ Lorde Jesu Christ/ be with you/ all./ Amen."/ In the centre of the same column begins, "CA Table to fynde/ the Epistles and Gospels vsually red in the/ chyrch, after Salysbury vse," filling that and the three next pages, ending with the colophon given above near the bottom of the reverse of the 104th leaf. This is the first edition of The Great Bible, commonly called Cranmer's Bible, of which, during the years 1539, 1540, and 1 541, there were seven distinct editions, reprinted throughout, but so closely resembling each other that of five of them the leaves of each begin and end alike, and are often used, ignorantly or dishonestly, to make up each other. The same similarity exists between the two other editions. There is little difference in the commercial value and bibliographical interest of the seven editions. Any one of them complete, genuine, and in good condition, is an ornament to any library, public or private. Indeed, perfect copies are much rarer than is generally supposed. Mr. Lea Wilson, in our days a most indefatigable collector of Bibles, was so extremely fortunate as to possess the whole seven editions, every one of them perfect, or very nearly so. It was a labour of years to complete them. But his labours were crowned with success, and six of these magnificent volumes (all but this edition of 1539, a perfect copy of which was already in the library) Mr. Panizzi added, after Mr. Wilson's death, to the Library of the British Museum, at the moderate price of ^80 each. The other volume of Mr. Wilson's set, 1539, a truly mag- nificent example, was sold by Mr. Pickering to Mr. Gardner, and in July, 1S54, was resold in Mr. Gardner's sale by auction for ,£121. Mr. Henry Huth is now the owner of it. This edition of 1539 differs from all the others in several particulars. I. Woodcuts are supported by a column or border on each side, which is not the case in any of the other editions. 2. The border of the title to the Apocripha is the same as that of the first title. 3. The New Testament title is surrounded by a border of six woodcuts, while in all the other editions it has the Holbein border. 4. There are pointing hands in the margins and text, all of which have ruffles about the wrist, while in the other editions a part of the hands are differently shaped with a cuff round the wrist. 5. The stars in the text of this edition are all six pointed, while in the other editions part of them are five pointed. There are, however, minute variations on every page. This splendid volume was printed in Paris by Francois Regnaull, for Grafton 82 The Printed Bibles in [1539 and Whitchurch, in 1537 and 1538. Coverdale superintended the literary part and saw it through the press as reviser and corrector, while Grafton attended to the business matters. They were interrupted by the Inquisition just before the work was finished, so that they had to escape with what they could, and finish the work in London. The type and plant was apparently got up secretly for this edition (as before in the cases of the Coverdale and the Matthew Bibles at Antwerp), and after the interruption by the Inquisition, found their way to London and were used in producing the six immediately subsequent editions of the Great Bible. 814. Bible (English). The Great Bible. Another copy. London: R. Grafton, April, 1539. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 815. Bible (English). The Great Bible. Third copy. London: R. E. Whitchurche, April, 1539. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 816. Bible (English, Cranmer's, April). C The Byble/ in Englyshe, that is to saye the con-/tet of al the holy scrypture, both/ of y e olde, and newe testamet, with/ a prologe therinto, made by/ the reuerende father in/ God, Thomas/ archbysshop/ of Cantor/bury, C This is the Byble apoynted/ to the vse of the churches./ C Frynted by Edward whytchurche/ Cum priuilegio ad imprimen- dum solum./ M.D. xl./ [ Co lopho?i~\ The ende of the newe Testament :/ and of the whole Byble, Fynisshed in Apryll./ Anno M.CCCCC.XL./ -f AdFio factu estistud./ Folio. Two copies. One bent by the Earl of Leicester, the other by Earl Spencer. Ten preliminary leaves : 1. within the Holbein border, reverse blank. 2. The Kalender. "January." to "Julye." the fifth line in January reading "xix e , ', v' Sign. *ii (Star six points) : 3. The Kalender. " Augustus " to " Decem- ber," (xixth day of August misprinted xxix,) the last half of the reverse being filled by "C Almanacke for, xviii, yeares." all in red except the C, which is black : underneath are three lines, one black between two red, the last reading " and syxe houres." 54. " C An exhortacyon to the studye of the holy/ Scrip- ture gathered out of the Byble :'/ the S in Scripture being under n in An, and the signature being *iiii (in 1539 it is * iiij, and in December, 1 541, there is no signature) : on the reverse, " C The summe and content " etc. in the sixth line of the fourth paragraph " affeccyon " ; 5. " The contentes of the scripture," [continued] beginning, " loue to all men, after the example of Chryst." On the reverse, " C A prologue, expressynge what is/ meant by certayn sygnes and tokens that we/hauesetin the Byble."/ the last line reading "and prayse foreuer. Amen."/ 6. "C A descripcyon and successe of the kyn-/ges of Juda and Jerusalem," etc. beginning, " DAuid rayned ouer Israeli the. iii. C. xxix. yere" etc. (the last line but one of the recto ending with "ad") and ending on the middle of the reverse, "into spayne." being the last line, the lower half of the page being blank. J. "The prologue,/ C A prologue or preface made by the/ moost reuerende father in God, Thomas Archbyshop of Canturbury," /the initial F filling the space of five lines, and the Latin quota- tions printed in the same type as the text. 8. The second leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, beginning, "makers shulde be hadd in admiration for theyr hye styles and obscure maner of wrytingc,"/ and the last four lines beginning severally with the words "prestes," "dowes," "estate" and "beleue," catch words " as also ". 9. Third leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, the first line being " Thyrdelye where, and in what audience. There and amonge those that bene studious to le-"/ and the last line of the recto beginning, " God, to ende 1 54°] the C ax ton Exhibition 83 in matyers of hygh speculatyo," ending in the centre of the reverse, the last being a full line. At the bottom of the page are large flourished capitals, H. K. 2h inches high, and immediately above them are the same capitals \ of an inch square. 10. " C The names of all the bookes of the Byble/ and the content of the Chapters of euery booke, with the nombre of the leafie "/ etc. reverse blank. Text, Genesis to Deuteronomium, 84 leaves, Fo. 1 [not numbered] to Fo, lxxxiiij, the first Chapter of Genesis beginning with the initial I seven lines deep, " In the begynnynge * God "/and Deuteronomy ending on the centre of the recto of folio 84 with "C The ende of the fyfth boke of Moses, called in the Hebrue Elle/ Hadderbarim, and in the/ Latin./ Deuteronomium."/ reverse blank. Title, " C The seconde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynyng these bookes." Josua to Hiob, within a bonier of 16 wood- cuts, the lower left-hand corner one representing Moses with horns on his head standing before an army, the same as in the edition of December, 1541, but in this edition the twelfth line of the title reads, "The. i. booke of y e chronycles." ; Text, Josua to Job, 122 leaves, Fo, ii, to Fo, cxxiij, ending on the reverse with " the fourth generacion./ And so Job dyed,/ beynge old &/ of a perfect age. "/+ C Josua, Chapter I. begins with the initial A six lines deep, "After y e death of Moses the"/. Title, " C The thirde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynyng these bookes."/ in a border of 16 woodcuts, the second one from the top on the right-hand side representing the Genealogy of Alexander Mag- nus. Text, Psalmes to Malachy, Fo, ii. to Fo, cxxxii, ending on the recto with "thers, that I come not ad/ smyte the earth with/ cursynge."/ reverse blank. Title, "C The Volume of/ the bokes called Hagiographa. "/ within a border of 16 woodcuts, the second one from the top on the right-hand side representing a madman astride a hobby-horse. On the reverse, "To the Reader." Text, Esdras to The seconde Booke Of the Machabees, Fo, ij, to Fo. lxxx, ending at the bottom of the reverse with "Je-/wes had the citye in possessio : And here will/ I now make an ende."/ Title, within Holbein's woodcut border, the same as the first title, " C The newe Te-/stamet in englyshe translated/ after the Greke cotayning/ these bookes."/ the arms of Cromwell being retained, and the word newe in the first line in red Text, Mathew to The Reuelacion, Fo, ij, to Fo. ciii, (marked Fo. ciiii.) ending with the 14th line on the first column of the recto of folio 103, " The grace of our Lor-/de Jesu Christ be/.", wyth you. - ./ all./ Amen."/ In the middle of the same column begins, " C A Table to fynde/ the Epistles and Gospels vsually red in the/ church, after Salysbury vse, wherof y e first/ lyne is the Epistle, & the other the Gospell :"/ filling that and the three next pages, ending on the reverse of folio 104 with the colophon given above, at the bottom of the page. The second edition of the " Great Bible," and the first containing Cranmer's Preface. The price of this Bible was fixed by Royal Proclamation at ten shillings unbound. Public copies were sometimes attached by a chain to one of the pillars of the church, with the King's injunction that it should be read with "Discretion, Honest Intent, Charity, Reverence, and Quiet behaviour." This is the first edition of the Bible in English with the words on the title-page, " Appoynted to the vse of the churches." The "appointment " may be found expressed in full in the Kalendar. The authorization of the printing, or the licence, is expressed in the words " Cum priuilegio," &c, instead of the words " set forth with the Kynges moost gracious licence " which appeared on Nichol- son's first 4to and folio reprints of Coverdale's Bible in 1537. See Nos. 791 and 792. 817. Bible (English). Cranmer's. London: Richarde Grafton [or Edward Whitchurch], Fynisshcd in Apryll, 1540. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 8 4 The Printed Bibles in [1541 81S. Bible (English, Cranmer's, May.) C The Byble in/ Englysh, that is to saye the content/ of all the holy scripture, both of the/ olde and newe Testament with a/ Prologe thereinto, made by/ the reuerende father in/ God, Thomas/ archbyshop/ ,', of Cantor ,', / bury. C This is the Byble appoynted/ to the use of y° churches/ Prynted by Edwarde Whitchurch/ Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum./ Finished the xxviii. daye of Maye/ Anno Domini/ M.D. XLI./ \Colophon\ The ende of the newe Testa- ment :/ and of the whole Byble, Fynysshed in Maye,/ Anno. M. CCCCC. XL i. / + / C A dno factu est istud. Folio. Lent by Mrs. Joliffe. Six preliminary leaves, viz. I. Title, within the Holbein border, Crum- well's amis effaced, with " C The names of all the bookes of the Byble," on the reverse ; 2. First leaf of "The Kalender."/ * ii (Star 5 points) ninth line in January reading "vb Joyce.", ix" ; 3. Second leaf of "The kalender."/ * iii (Star six points) the twenty-ninth line in August, "c Decalla. Jhon bapt. xxix " with " Almanacke for .xviij. yeares."/ occupying the lower half of the verso 54. " C A prologue or preface made by the/ moost reuerende father in God Thomas Archbysshop of Cantorburye"/ no signature ; 5. Second leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, signature * * ; 6. Third leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, sig- nature * * ii. ending in the middle of the reverse with the last line, "the saluacyon of God."/ with the large initials H. R. below. Text, Genesis to Deuteronomium, Fo. i to Fo. lxxxiiij, the first line of Genesis being, "In the be-"/ and Deuteronomy ending on the middle of folio 84 with, "C The ende of the fyfth booke, / of Moses, called in the Hebrue. Elle-diaddebarim, and in the Latin:/ Deuteronomium."/ reverse blank; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " C The seconde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynynge these/ bookes."/ reverse blank ; Text, Josua to Job, Fo. ii, to Fol. exxiii, ending on the reverse, and followed by one blank leaf ; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " C The thyrde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynynge these/ bookes."/ " Zachary. ,',/ reverse blank; Text, Psalmes to Malachy, Fo ij. to 133, falsely printed Fo. exxxii. ending in the centre of the recto with "chyldren to their fathers, that/ I come not to smyte/ the earth wyth/ cursinge."/ reverse blank ; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " C The volume/ of the bookes called/ Hagiographa."/ with "To the Reader" on the reverse in long lines ; Text, Esdras to Machabees. Fo, ij. to Fo. lxxx. ending at the bottom of the reverse with, "And here/ wyll I nowe make an ende."/ Then comes, within the Holbein border, the arms of Cromwell being effaced, "CThe newe Testa- ment in englyshe translated/ after the Greke, cStaynynge/ these bookes : "/ reverse blank ; Text, Mathew to Revelacyon, Fo. ij. to Fo. ciiij. (so marked for ciij.) ending with the fourteenth line in the first column of the recto with, "The grace of our Lord/ Jesu Christ be/ with you/ all/ , ', Amen./ , ',/" In the centre of the same column begins, "C A table to fynde the/ Epystles and Gospels vsually red in the/ church, after Salysbury vse, wherof ye fyrst/ lyne is the Epistle, 1 the other the Gospell : "/ filling that and the three next pages, ending near the bottom of the verso with the Colophon given above. 819. Bible (English), with Cranmer's Prologue. London: Edward Whitchurch, Maye, 1541. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 820. Bible (English, Cranmer's, July). % The Byble in/ Englyshe, that is to saye the con-/tet of al the holy scrypture, both/ of y e 1541] the Caxtou Exhibition 85 olde, and newe testamet, with/ a prologe therinto, made by/ the reuercnde father in/ God, Thomas/ archbyshop/ .*. of Canter .-./ bury,/ ^[ This is the Byble apoynted/ to the vse of the churches./ % Prynted by Rychard Grafton./ Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum./ M.D. xl./ \Colophon~\ The ende of the newe Testament :/ and of the whole Byble, Fynisshed in July,/ Anno. M. CCCCC. XL./ A domino factum est istud/ This is the Lordes doynge. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry> Esq. Seven preliminary leaves, viz. I. Title, within Holbein's border, reverse blank : 2. The first leaf of " The Kalender " with signature *ii (star five points) the first line in January reading, 'hi A Circumcisyon ', ' i" 3. Second leaf of "The Kalender," signature *iii (Star five points) the seventeenth line in August containing ' Rufe martyr. , ', xxvii " ; On the reverse in the middle of the page, " Almanacke for .xviii. yeares "/ 4. First leaf of " f| A prologue or preface made by the/ moost reuerende father in God, Thomas Archbyshop of Canterbury "/ the initial F being twelve lines deep, the twelfth line reading, " se to reade, or to heare redde y e scripture in theyr vulgar t5- "/ signature +; 5. Second leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, + ii, the last line but one beginning, "estate or codicyon soeuer they be, maye I thys booke learne all " ; 6. The third leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, -f- iii, the thirtieth line beginning "God at all auentures " ; ending on the middle of the reverse, the last line reading, "ryght : wyll I shewe the saluation of God." Underneath are the large flourished capitals H. R. 7. " fj The names of all the bookes of the Byble,/ and the content of all the Chapters of euery booke, wyth the nombre of the leafe/ where the bookes begynne."/ I page, reverse blank ; Text, Genesis to Deuteronomium, 84 leaves, Fo. i. to Fo, lxxxiiii, the last line of the first chapter of Genesis reading " mornyng : was made the sixte daye." and Deu- teronomy ending in the centre of the recto of folio 84. " ^j The ende of the fyfth booke/ of Moses, called in the Hebrue : Elle-/haddebarim, and in the Latin/ Deuteronomium."/ reverse blank ; Title, within a border of 16 wood- cuts, " ^f The seconde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynyng these/ bookes.'/ the first line being black (except the ^\, which is red) and the second line being all in red, reverse blank. Text, Josua to Job, Fo. ii to Fo, cxxiij, ending on the reverse, followed by a blank leaf ; Title, within a border of sixteen woodcuts, " C The thyrde/ parte of the Byble con-/taynynge these/ bookes."/ the word " thyrde " being in black, reverse blank. Text, Psalmes to Malachy, Fo. ii to Fo. cxxxij, ending on the recto with "and/ smyte the earth with/ cursynge."/ reverse blank. Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " C The volume of/ the bokes called Hagiographa "/ the three words in the first line being in red, and the second woodcut from the top, on the left-hand side, re- presenting Daniel in the lion's den ; on the reverse, "To the Reader." in long lines. Text, Esdras to Machabees, Fo. ii, to Fo, Ixxx, ending at the bottom of the reverse ; Title, within the Holbein border, Cromwell's arms still re- tained, " C The newe Te-/stament in Englyshe translated/ after the Greke cotaynynge/ these bookes."/ the first line of the title being all in black, except the C, which is red ; reverse blank. Text, Mathew to Revelacyon, Fo, ij. to Fo. ciij [not numbered] ending with the fourteenth line in the first column of the recto with "The grace of our Lord/ Jesu Christ be/ wyth you all./ , ', Amen. , ',/" In the middle of the same column begins, "CA Table to fynde the/ Epistles and Gospels vsually red in the/ church, after Salysbury vse," till- ing that page and the three next, and ending with the colophon given above at the bottom of the veiso of the last leaf. 86 The Printed Bibles in [1541 821. Bible (English, Cranmer's, December). IT The Byble in Englyshe, that is to saye the con-/tent of all the holy scrypture, both/ of the olde T; newe testament with/ a prologe therinto, made by/ the reuerende father in/ God, Thomas/ archebysshop/ of Can- ton/bury,/ If This is the Byble appoynted/ to the vse of the churches/ ^[ Printed by Edward Whitchurch/ Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum./ An. do. M.D. xl./ \Colophoti\ The ende of the newe Testament,/ and of the whole Bible, Finysshed in December/ Anno. M.CCCCC. XLi./f/A domino factum est istud/ This is the Lordes doynge./ Folio. Le?it by Francis Fry, Esq. Ten preliminary leaves, viz. I. The Title within Holbein's border, with the arms of Cromwell effaced, reverse blank ; 2. First leaf of "The Kalender." the fifteenth line in January reading, " A Maure Abbot. i?i xv," sign. * ii (star 5 points). 3. Second leaf of " The Kalender." Signature *iii (star 6 points) with an " Almanacke for .xviij, yeares." occupying the last half of the reverse M.d. xlix, being misprinted "M. xlix." 4. " An exhortacyon to the studye of the holye/ Scripture gathered out of the Byble :/ " no signature (April 1539 has *iiij, and April 1540 has *iiii ;) on the reverse, "CThe summe and content of all the holy/ Scripture, both of the olde and newe Testament."/ sixth line of the fourth paragraph has, "affection" ; 5. "The Contentes of the Scripture,"/ having on the reverse, "CA prologue/ expressynge what is/ meant by certayne sygnes and tokens, that we/ haue set in the Byble."/ Twelve lines with large initial F, the last line reading " lefte them oute."/ 6. "CA description and successe of the kyn-/ges of Juda and Jerusalem," etc. the initial D, seven lines deep, beginning, "DAuid raygned ouer Israel the .C. xxix. yere of theyr entrynge into the lande,"/ ending a little above the middle of the re- verse with, "into Spayne. " for the last line, the rest of the page blank ; 7. The first leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, signature +> "CA prologue or preface made by the/ moost reuerende father in God, Thomas Archbysshop of Cantorburye"/ the third line beginning "entrye of this booke," ; 8. Second leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, signature + ii, recto beginning "makers shoulde be had in admira- tion for theyr hye stiles and obscure maner and wrytynge,"/ and the verso end- ing "se, and discerne what is truth."/ 9. The third leaf of Cranmer's Prologue, * iij, the first line reading, "Thyrdely where and in what audience. There and amonge those that ben studyous to"/ ending in the middle of the verso with, "wyll 1/ shewe the saluation of God."/ with the large flourished capitals H. R. beneath ; 10. "C The names of all the bookes of the Byble,/ and the content of all the Chapiters of euery boke, with the nombre of the leafe/ where the bookes begyn."/ reverse blank. Text, Genesis to Deuterono- mium. Fo. i, to Fol. lxxxiiij, Genesis beginning with initial I fourteen lines deep, " In y e begyn-/nyng * god/ created hea-/uen 1 earth./ The erth/," and Deuteronomy ending near the centre of the recto of folio 84. " C The ende of the fifth booke/ of Moses, called in the Hebrewe Elle-/haddebarim : and in the latyn/ Deuteronomium."/ reverse blank; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " C The seconde/ parte of the Byble con-/tayninge these/ bookes./" reverse blank ; Text, Josua to Job, Fo. ii, to Fol. exxiii, Josua beginning with the initial A seven lines deep, " AFter y e death of Moses ye/ seruaut of ye Lord,"/ and Job ending on the reverse of folio 123 with "the fourth generacio./ And so Job dyed,/ beinge olde, 1 /of a perfecte/ age./ []'/ followed by a blank leaf; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, " CThe thyrde/ parte 1541] the Caxton Exhibition 87 of the Byble con-/taynynge these/ bookes."/ reverse blank ; Text, Psalmes to Malachy, Fo. ii to Fo. cxxxii. ending near the middle of the recto with " fathers, that I come/ not 1 smyte the/ earth wyth/ cursinge."/ reverse blank ; Title, within a border of 16 woodcuts, "CThe volume/ of the bookes called,/ Hagiographia/" with, " To the Reader" on the reverse; Text, Esdras to Machabees, Fo. ii. to Fo. lxxx. ending at the bottom of the reverse with, "Je-/wes had y e cytie in possessyS : And there wyll/ I nowe make an ende."/ Title, within Holbein's border, Cromwell's arms effaced, " CThe newe Te-/stamet in englyshe, translated/ after the Greke, cotayning/ these bookes."/ reverse blank : Text, Mathew to Revelations, Fo. ii. to Fo. ciii. ending with the four- teenth line of the first column of the recto with, " The ende of the newe/ Tes- tament."/ Underneath in the same column is, "CA table to fynde the/ Epistles and Gospels vsually red in the/ church, after Salysbury/ vse, wherof y e fyrst/ lyne is the Epistle, \ the other the Gospell": /filling that and the three following pages, ending near the bottom of the reverse with the colophon given above. 822. Bible (English). The Byble in Englyshe. Cum privilegio, 1541. Fynyshed in November, 1540. Folio. Lent by the University Library, Edinburgh. With Cranmer's Preface. Cromwell having been disgraced by Henry VIII, in July, 1540, his arms are erased from the title-page. The full collations of the two November editions of 1540 and 1541, together with the two other November editions partly reprinted, may be found in Mr. Francis Fry's excel- lent book on the Great Bible. The present is a fine large and perfect copy, the paper stained yellow after being printed. 823. Bible (English). Cranmer's. London : Whitchurch, November, 1 541. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 824. Bible (English). Cranmer's. London : Edwarde Wliitchurch, November, 1541. Folio. Lent by Mrs. Joliffe. 825. Bible (English), Cranmer's. London : R. Grafton. Finysshed in November, 1541. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 826. New Testament (German). Freyburg, durch Johannem Fabrum Juliacensem, 1539. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 827. Bible (Latin). Lyon : Gryphius, 1540. 321T10. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 828. Concordance (Latin). Lugduni, apud Iacobvm Givnctam, 1540. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 829. New Testament (English). Erasmus'. 1540. 4to. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 830. New Testament (First Islandic). Prykt uti konongluen stad Roschyld af mer Hans Barth. xii Dag Aprilis MD.xl. Small 8vo. Lent by the British and EoreigJi Bible Society. Excessively rare. This copy is imperfect, wanting all before signature D. and the end. Black letter, 33 lines on a page. 88 The Printed Bibles in [1541 831. Bible (Dutch). Den Bibel. Gheprint Thantwerpen By mi Hen- rick Peetersen van Middelborch. 1541. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 832. Bible (Swedish). Biblia, Thet ar, All then Helgha Scrifft, pa. Swensko. [Translated from the German version of M. Luther by O. Petri and L. Petri.] 6 parts. First edition. Upsala, 1541-40. Folio, with curious woodcuts. Lent by Henry White, Esq. The Old Testament is in five parts, each with a separate numeration, and the four latter with distinct title-pages ; the first four parts are dated 1540. 833. New Testament (Latin). Paris : Robertus Stephanus, 1541. Svo. Lent by LLenry J. Atkinson, Esq. 834. Bible (Latin). Lugduni, Gryphius, 1542. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 835. Bible (Latin). With woodcuts by Hans Springinklee. Lyon : Roville, 1542. 4to. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 840. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacrosancta Testameti Veteris & noui, e sacra Hebrseorum lingua Graecorumque fontibus, consultis simul orthodoxis interpretib. religiosissime translata in sermonem Latinum. [By Leo Juda, T. Bibliander and P. Cholinus. The New Testament revised and corrected from the translation of Erasmus by R. Gaulter. The whole edited by C. Pellican.] (De omnibus sancte scripture libris eorumque praestantia. . . H. Bullingeri expositio — Argumenta in omnia tam Veteris quam Novi Testamenti capita, elegiaco carmine conscripta per R. Gualth.) 3 parts. Tiguri : Ch. Froschover, 1543. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 841. New Testament (Latin). Testamenti/ Novi/ seditio vvlgata./ Lugduni/ Theobald Paganus, 1543. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 842. New Testament (Latin). Mogvntiae in aedibus Iuonis Schceffer, 1543. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 843. Bible (Latin). Venetiis, de Tridino Montisferrati, 1544. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 844. Bible (Latin). Zurich: C. Froschover, 1544. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 845. Bible (German). Die gantze Bibel, das ist alle biicher allts unnd neiiws Testaments, den urspriinglichen sepraachen nach, auffs aller treiiwlichest verteiitschet. Darzu sind yetz und kommen ein. . . Register . . . iiber die gantzen Bibel. Die jarzal und rachnung der zeyten von Adamen biss an Christum, mit sampt gwiissen Concordantzen, Argumenten, Zalen und Figuren. (Von alien bucheren heiliger und Gottlicher gschrifft ... an den Chris- 1 55°] the C ax ton Exhibition 89 tenlichen Laser ein klarer Bericht. [by H. Bullingcr.] With woodcuts.] 2 parts. Zurich: Christoffel Froschouer, 1545. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. Each part has a distinct title-page, pagination, and register. Printed in double columns ; register in eights. 846. Bible (Latin). Robert Stephanus. 1546. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 847. Bible (Italian). La Biblia [da Antonio Bruccioli]. Vineggia : Girolamo Scotto, 1547. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, lis,/. 848. New Testament (English). The newe Testament of the last translacion. By Wylliam Tyndall. With Prologes and Annota- cions in the merget. London : Wylliam Tylle, 1549-1548. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This is Mr. Fry's No. 18, to which the reader is referred for a careful collation. 849. New Testament (English and Latin). London : William Powell, 1548-47. 4to. Fry's No. 16. Letitby the Archbishop of Canterbury. 850. Bible (English). Matthew's version, revised by Becke. Lon- don : Day and Seres, 1549. Folio. Sometimes called "the Bug Bible." See Psalm xci, 5. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 851. Bible (English). Matthew's version revised by Becke. London: Day and Seres, 1549. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 85i*.Bible (English). Another copy. Lent by the Earl of Leicester. 852. Bible (English). Matthew's version, revised by Becke. London : Daye and Seres, 1549. Folio. Le?it by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 853. Bible (English). Matthew's. London : Thomas Raynalde and William Hyll, 1549. Folio. Lent by Hemy }Vhite, Esq. The woodcut border of the title-page of this edition is from the same blocks as that of Petyt and Redman for Berthelet, folio, 1540, and the Coverdales of 1535 and 1537, all differing, however, in the setting of the texts in the several cartouches. 853*.Bible (English). Another copy. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 860. Bible (English). Cranmer's. London : Edward Whitchurch, 1549. Folio. Lent by James Watkins, Esq. 861. New Testament (English, and Latin of Erasmus). Lond. : W.Powell, 1549. 4to. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 86i*.Bible (1st Danish). Biblia, det er den gantske Hellige Scrifft, udsaet paa Danske. [By P. Palladius, O. Gyldenmund, H. Sin- nesen, and J. Machaboeus.] First edition. Kobenhaffn, 1550. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Ginsburg. M 90 The Printed Bibles in [155° 862. Bible (Latin). 3 vols. Lugduni : Gryphius, 1550. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 863. Bible (English, Coverdale's). C The whole/ Byble,/ that is the holy scripture/ of the Olde and Newe testament/ faythfully trans- lated into/ Englyshe by Myles Couerdale, and/ newly ouer/sene and correcte./ M. D. L./ Pray for vs that the worde of God maye/ have free passage 1 be glorified, ii. Tes. hi./ Prynted for Andrewe Hester, dwellynge/ in Paules Churchyard at the sygne/ of the whyte horse, and are/ there to be solde./ Set forth with the Kynges/ mooste gracious licence. [Christopher Froschover, Zurich, printed] London, A. Hester, 1550. 410. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 8 prel. leaves, viz. Title in red and black, within an architectural woodcut border, reverse blank ; " C The bokes of the hole Byble/ how they are named in Englyshe and / Latyn, and howlonge they are/ wrytten in the allegations," 1 p.; on the reverse, "$<^Vnto the moost victorious Prince & our moost/ gracious soueraigne lorde, kynge Edwarde the syxte," 4 pp. signed "Your graces moost humble/ and faithful subiect, Myles/ Couerdale ; " on the reverse begins, " Myles Couerdale, to the Christen Reader." 5 pp.; The Kalender, beginning with "An Almanacke for xiiii. yeares;" (from 1550)4 pp. The Text begins with a woodcut representing the Creation of Eve on Signature A, folio 1. and ends with the Second Book of Machabees, with the tenth line on the recto of Q Q iv. folio ccccxcilll. the remainder of that page and the reverse being blank ; then follows the Text of the New Testament, without separate title, on Signature a a. folio 1. and ends on the reverse of folio cxxi. q q. i. Next comes The Table of the Epistles and Gospels. 5 pp. ending with "To the honoure and prayse of God, was this Byble prynted and fynished in the yeare of oure Sauoure Jesu Christ M.D. L. the xvj. daye of the moneth of August." the reverse blank. This second foreign edition of the Coverdale Bible is printed in double columns, in an angular German type, similar to that of the first Edition, 1535, but smaller, and is now believed to have come from the press of Christopher Froschover, of Zurich. The pre- liminary leaves, however, must have been printed in England, as they are in an entirely different type, being in small Old English letter. It was again re- issued in 1553, before the death of Edward VI. in July, by Richard Jugge, with a new title and new preliminary leaves. 863*.New Testament (English, Tyndale's). London : Daye and Seres, 1550. 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This is Mr. Fry's No. 26. 864. New Testament (English and Latin). C The new/ Testament in Englishe after/ the greeke translation anne-/xed wyth the transla- tion of/ Erasmus in Latin./ Whereunto is added a Kalendar, and/ an exhortation to the readying of the/ holy scriptures made by the same/ Erasmus wyth the Epistles taken/ out of the olde testamet both in Latin/ and Englyshe. wheruto is added a ta-/ble necessary to finde the Epistles and/ Gospels for euery sonday 1 holyday/ throughout the yere after the vse of/ the churche of England nowe./ C Excusum Londini in officina Thomse 155 1 ] the Caxton Exhibition 91 Gaultier. pro. I. C./ Pridie Kalendas Decembris anno/ Domini. m.d. l./ London, 1550. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 14 prel. leaves, viz. Title in red and black within a broad border, with the cypher of Edward Whitechurch at the bottom ; on the reverse C An almanacke for .xxii. yeares. "J. C. vnto the Christen reder." i page, reverse blank ; "C An exhortacion to the diligent studye of scri-/pture, made by Erasmus Roterodamus." 9 pages; " C The summe and content of all the holye scri-/pture," etc. 2 pages followed by one blank page; Kalendar 6 leaves; Text, in double columns, the English in black letter, occupying the outer, and the Latin in small roman type, the inner column, A to Hh. v. in eights ; then comes "C The Epistles of the old testament." 5 pp. reverse blank ; followed by "CA table to fynde the Epi-/stles and Gospels vsually reade in the/ Church, accordynge vnto the booke of/ Common prayer :" 3 pp. the reverse of the last leaf being blank, This is Tyndale's Translation, edited, as is gener- ally, but erroneously, supposed, by Sir John Cheke, though I know not upon what authority. All Tyndale's Prologues are omitted, and there are no notes. The running titles and the contents of the chapters are in the same type as the English text. The references, which are only on the outer margin, are in small roman type, like that of the Latin text. There are 54 lines on a full page. The paper, ink, and press work are good. There are no woodcuts or ornamental capitals, except at the beginning of Mathew. 865. Concordance (First in English). Marbeck's. London : Richard Grafton, 1550. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 866. New Testament (English). Coverdale's (really Tyndale's). Zurich : Ch. Froschover, 1550. i6mo. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury 867. Bible (German). Wittemberg : Hans Lufft, 1551. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 867*.Bible (English). Matthew's [nicknamed the Bug Bible]. Lon- don : Nicolas Hyll, for Robert Toy [and others], 155 1. [Colophon] Imprinted at the coste and charges of certayne honest men of the occupacyon, whose names be upon their bokes. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. See Psalm xci, 5- "So that thou shalt not nede to be afraid for any Bugges by nighte, nor for the arrow that flyeth by day." Our present version reads " Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night," etc. This reading, Bugges, is common to Coverdale's, Matthew's, and Taverner's versions, all of which might as fairly be called "Bug-Bibles." The Great Bible of 1539, Cranmer's, the Genevan, and the Bishops' have terrour. 868. Bible (English). Taverner's, revised by Becke, with third book of Maccabees. London: John Daye, 155 1. Folio. Lent by Henry J I 'kite, Esq. 869. Bible (English). Taverner's, by Becke, with third book of the Macabees. London: John Daye, 155 1. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gotl. 870. Bible (English). London, 1551. Folio. Lent by Edward Poulson, Esq. 92 The Printed Bibles in [155 J 871. New Testament (Greek and Latin). A^ocvra ra thj Kouvng diaQwng. Nouuni Iesv Christi D. N. Testamentum cum duplici interpre- tatione D. Erasmi et veteris Interpretis ; Harmonia item Evan- gelica [by A. Osiander. Edited by R. Estienne]. 2 parts. [Geneva]: ex Officina R. Stephani, 155 1. 8vo. Part 2 has a distinct title-page and pagination, and the harmony is separately paged. This is the first edition of the New Testament divided into verses according to our present use. 872. New Testament (English). Tyndale's. Woodcuts. London : Richard Jugge, 1552. 4to. Lent by F Fry, Esq. A woodcut in the 13th chapter of Matthew represents the Devil with a tail and a wooden leg, sowing tares. 873. New Testament (Italian). II Nuovo Testamento. 2 vols in 1. Curious engravings. Lyone : Gulielmo Rouillio, 1552. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 874. Bible (English). The Byble in English — accordyng to the trans- lacio that is appointed to be read in Churches. London : Edwarde AYhytchurche, 1553. Cum privilegio, &c. Folio. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. This and the small quarto edition of 1553 by Grafton are the last two editions of the Cranmer version issued in Edward VI. 's reign. This edition has mar- ginal references but no notes. It must have appeared before the 6th July, when Mary mounted the throne, for at the end are three pages containing " a table to find the Epistles and Gospels usually read in the Church, accordinge unto the boke of Common-Prayer." The 4to edition has a " Table to fynd the Epistles and Gospels &c. after Salysbury use." 875. Bible (English). Another copy. London : Edwarde Whyt- churche, 1553. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 876. Bible (Italian). La Bibbia. 1553. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 877. Bible (Spanish). Biblia en Lengua Espaiiola traduzida palabra por palabra de la verdad Hebrayca por muy excelentes letrados vista y examinada por el officio de la Inquisicion. Con priuillegio del yllustrissimo Seiior Duque de Ferrara. Con yndustria y deligencia de Duarte Pinel Portugues : estampada en Ferrara a costa y despesa de Jeronimo de Vargas Espanol : en primero de Marco de 1553. Black letter. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. First edition of the Bible in Spanish for the use of Christians. The only difference known between this and the version for the Jews is found in Is. vii., 14. The Jewish having " la moca" instead of "la virgen." 878. Bible (Old Testament). Biblia en lengua Espanola, traduzida palabra por palabra dela verdad Hebrayca por muy excelentes letrados, vista y examinada por el officio de la Inquisicion. [Edited by D. Pinel and A. Usque. ] Gothic letter. Large paper. Ferrara, 1553. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. ^557] the Caxton Exhibition 93 On the verso of the title-page occurs the dedication " All yllustrissimo. . . . Senoi . . . Don Hercole da Esteel segundo : quarto Duquede Ferrara." Sub- scribed "Jeronimo de Vargas y Duarte Pinel." The ( olophon ends as follows : " estampada en Ferrara a costa .... de Jeronimo de Vargas Espafiol : en primero de Marco de 1553." This edition does not contain the Apocrypha. First impression of the Bible in Spanish. This version was for the use of the Spanish Jews. 885. Bible (Spanish). Biblia en Lengua Espanola. Ferrara, 1553. Folio. Large paper. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 886. New Testament (Dutch). Antwerp : Hans van Ramundt, 1553- Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 887. New Testament (English). Tyndale's. London: Richarde Jugge, 1553. 4to. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 888. New Testament (German). Curious cuts. Coin : Van der Miilen, 1553. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 889. Bible (Latin). Petit Bernard's cuts. Lugduni : Johan. Tornaesius, 1554. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 890. New Testament (Italian). Plates by Petit Bernard. Lione : Giovanni de Tornes e Guillelmo Gazeio, 1556. 3 2 mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 891. Bible Picture Book. Figuren, &c. Engravings by Petit Bernard. Lyons: J. van Tournes, 1557. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 892. New Testament (English, Geneva). The/ Newe Testa-/ment of ovr Lord Ie-/sus Christ./ Conferred diligently with the Greke, and best ap-/proued translations./ With the arguments, aswel before the chapters, as for euery Boke/ & Epistle, also diuersities of readings, and moste promtable/ annotations of all harde places : wherunto is added a copi-/ous Table./ At Geneva/ Printed By Conrad Badius./ -m. d. lvii./ i6mo. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. On the title page is a woodcut about if inches square, representing Time restoring Truth ; On the reverse in small italic letters is " The ordre of the Bookes of the/ Newe testament," Then follows on *. ii. "The Epistle declar- ing that/ Christ is the end of the Lawe, by Iohn Caluin."/ 8 leaves ; "To the Reader " **. ii. 4 pages and eight lines of the next ; then comes ' The Argv- ment " filling the remainder of that page and the next. The text, The Holy/ Gospel of Iesvs/ Christe, writ/ by S. Matthew./ (a. i.) 430 folioed lease- : "The Tableof the Newe/ Testament. "/folios 431 to 455, "The Ende " being on the recto, over the colophon. " Printed by Conrad Ba-/divs M. D. LVII./ This/ x. of Ivne."/ On the reverse in 23 lines, italic type, are " Fautes com- 94 The Printed Bibles in L 1 557 mitted in the Printing." Although this is the first New Testament in English printed at Geneva, it is not, as some suppose, that which is usually called the Genevan Version. That was published three years later. This edition was the work of William Whittingham, afterwards Dean of Durham, but at the time of its publication residing in exile at Geneva. It is beautifully printed in small, clear, roman type, and is remarkable for two characteristics for the first time here introduced into the English translations, viz. the division of the text into verses, and the use of italics to indicate those explanatory words not to be found in the original tongues. This is not a new translation, but a revision of various others, as the editor informs us in his epistle to the reader. " First as touchig the perusing of the text, it was diligently reuised by the moste approued Greke examples, and conference of translations in other tonges as the learned may easely iudge, both by the faithful rendering of the sentence, and also by the proprietie of the wordes, and perspicuitie of the phrase. Forthermore that the Reader might be by all meanes proffited, I haue deuided the text into verses and sectios, according to the best editions in other langages, and also, as to this day the anciet Greke copies mencion, it was wont to be vsed. And be- cause the Hebrewe and Greke phrases, which are strange to rendre in other tongues, and also short, shulde not be to harde I haue sometyme interpreted them without any whit diminishing the grace of the sense, as our lagage doth vse them, and sometyme haue put to that worde, which lacking made the sentence obscure, but haue set it in such letters as may easely be discerned from the comun text." 893. New Testament (English) translated by Whittingham. Geneva : Conrad Badius, 1557. i6mo. Lentby the Archbishop of Canterbury. 894. Bible (German, Weissenham). Ingolstatt : Ecken, 1558. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 895. Bible (Italian). Bibbia volgare. [Nicolao de Malermi.] Curious engravings. Venegia, 1558. Folio. Lentby Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 896. Bible (Latin). Paris : C. Guillard, 1558. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 897. Bible (French). La Sainte Bible. A Lyon par Ian de Tovrnes, 1559. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 898. Bible (Dutch). Antwerpen by die weduwe van Jacob van Liesueldt, 1553, 1560 [1553 at end O. T.] Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 899. Bible (Dutch). Den Bibel. Antwerp : Hans de Last, 1560 [date at end O. T. 1553.] Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 909. Bible (English, first Genevan). The Bible/ and/ Holy Scriptvres/ Conteyned in/ the Olde and Newe/ Testament./ Translated Ac- cor-/ding to the Ebrue and Greeke, and conferred With/ the best translations in diuers langages./ With moste profitable Annota-/ tions vpon all the hard places, and other things of great/ impor- tance as may appeare in the Epistle to the Reader./ At Geneva./ Printed by Rovland Hall./ m. d. lx./ 4to. Lent by Earl Spencer. 1562] the Caxton Exhibition 95 Four prel. leaves. Text, Genesis to II Maccabees, 474 folioed leaves ; New Testament, 122 leaves ; " A Briefe Table" Hll.h. iii. to LL1. iii. 13 leaves, followed by one page, "The order of the yeres from Pauls conuersion " etc. reverse blank. This Bible, the result of the labours of English exiles at Geneva during Queen Mary's reign, was dedicated to Queen Elizabeth — and though never sanctioned by royal authority, or by Parliament, or even by Convocation, for public use in churches, yet it was not only extensively read in churches, but was esteemed the favourite version by many of the clergy, as well as theological writers, insomuch that it continued to be the household English Bible for three quarters of a century. It is commonly known as the " Breeches " Bible from that word occurring in Gen. iii. 7. From 1560 to 1630 it was the most popular Bible in England, and by far the most approved version in Scotland, exceeding in its number of editions all the other translations united. Probably as many as two hundred distinct editions of the Genevan Bible and New I es- tament were called for during this period. The version of 1611 was slow in breaking its popularity. Both versions, as well as the Bishops', were all printed by the same royal printers. 910. Bible (English). First Genevan version. Another copy. Geneva: Rouland Hall, 1560. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Another copy, lent by Dr. Gott. 911. Bible (English). First Genevan version. Another copy. Geneva: Rouland Hall, 1560. 4to. Lent by Henry White, Est/. This is one of the very few copies known on large and thick paper, though somewhat cut down. 912. New Testament (English), by Whittingham and others [the second issue]. Unique? Geneva, 1560. i6mo. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 913. New Testament (Latin). Lyon, 1560. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 9I3*.Psalms (English). The whole Psalter translated into English Metre [by Archbishop Parker]. London: John Daye, [1560?] 4to. Lent by the Earl of Leicester. 914. Bible (English, Cranmer's). The Bi/ble in Englishe ac-/cording to the tran-/slation of the great/ Byble/ 156 1./ [Co/ophon] Im- printed at/ London in Powles/ Churcheyarde, by Ihon/ Cawoode./ Prynter to the Quenes Maiestie./ Anno. M. D. lxi. Cum priuilegio Regis /Maiestatis./ 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 915. Bible ( 1 st Polish). Biblia To iest. Kxieigi Stharego y Nowego Zakonu, na Polski iexzyk, z pilnosciax bedlug Lac'iriskiey Bibliey od Kosc'iola Krzesciahskiego powssechnego prizyiethey, novo wytozona [by J. Leopolita-Niez. With marginal references and woodcuts]. Gothic letter. W. Krakowie, 1561. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 9 1 6. New Testament (Latin). Many woodcuts. Parisiis, apud Jacobum Keruer, 1562. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 96 The Printed Bibles in [156: 917 91S. Bible (English, 2nd Genevan). The Bible translated according to the Ebrue and Greke, with most profitable annotations upon the hard places, etc. Geneva [no printer's name], 1562-61. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. A remarkable typographical error occurs in Matthew v. 9, " Blessed are the place-makers : for they shall be called the children of God." Bible (2nd Polish). Biblia S'wieta, Tho iest, Ksi , gi Starego y Nowego Zakonu, wrasnie z Zydowskiego, Greckiego, y Lacynskiego, nowo na Polski iezyk z pilnoscia y wiernie wytozone [by S. Zaciusz, P. Statoryusz, G. Orsacius, J. Trzecieski, J. Lubelczyk, and others; edited by M. Radziwit.] W. Brzesciu Litewskim, 1563. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. The second published version of the Polish Bible, made by Prince Radziwil and the Protestant Reformers of Pinczow. The first Polish Bible was pub- lished in 1 56 1 by the Catholics. 919 Bible (Polish). 920. Bible (Dutch). Bible (Latin). Bible (Greek). Another copy. 1563. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 921 922. 9 2 3- 924. Nicolaes Biestkeno, 1564. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Antverpias : Christ. Plantin, 1564. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Basilise : J. Hervagius, 1565. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. New Testament (Latin). With full-page cuts in Revelation. Dilingae : Sebaldvs Mayer, 1565. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Psalms (English). The Form of Prayers etc. used in the English Church at Geneva, with the Psalms of David, in metre. Edin- burgh : by Robert Lekprevik, 1565. 8vo. Lent from the Advocate? Library. The earliest edition of the Sternhold and Hopkins prepared for the Church of Scotland. There are many subsequent republications. Bible (English). Cranmer's version. Rouen : C. Hamillon, at the cost and charges of Richard Carmarden, 1566. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 926. Bible (French). Geneve: Perrin, 1566. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 927. Bible (Italian). Bibbia Volgare. 2 vols. Venetia : Andrea Mus- chio, 1566. 4to. Curious engravings. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 9 2 5- 1568] the Caxton Exhibition 97 928. Psalms (Latin). Psalmorvm Da-/vidis Paraphrasis Poetica,/ nunc primum edita,/ Authore Georgio Buchanano/ Scoto, poetarum nos- tri sreculi facile/ principe./ Psalmi Aliqvot in ver-/sus item Graa i »s nuper a dieursis/ translati./ Anno m. d. lxvi./ [Colophon] Argen- torati\ Excudebat Iosias Rihelius./ m.d.lxvi./ 121110. Lent by David Laing, Esq. Sixteen prel. leaves and 352 pp. This is generally believed to be the edition of this celebrated version of the Psalms, though Brunet thinks that the Paris edition, without date, by Henry Stephens, is anterior, notwithstanding the words " nunc primum edita " on this title-page. On this book rests in a great measure the high reputation of George Buchanan as a poet and scholar. He was born in 1506, and died in 1582. While imprisoned in a monastery in Portugal, by order of the Inquisition, about 1550, he beguiled the tedium of his confinement by translating the whole of the Psalms into Latin verse. There are no less than twenty-nine varieties of metre. On the reverse of the title is, "Index Festorum xxiiii. " In the Kalendar, which occupies nine leaves, there are twelve rude but exceedingly curious woodcuts representing the signs of the Zodiac, and the habits and occupations of the good people about Strasbourg. On the recto of B B iiij is the famous epigram of Buchanan to Mary, Queen of Scots, beginning : — ■ " Nympha, Caledonia? qua? nunc feliciter oroe Missa per innumeros sceptra tueris auos. " 929. New Testament (the first Welsh). Testament Newydd ein Arg- lwydd Jesu Christ. Gwedy ei dynnu, yd y gadei yr ancyfiaith, au yn ei gylydd or Groec a'r Llatin, gan newidio ffurf llythyreu y gariae- dodi. Eb law hyny ymae pop gair a dibiwyt y vot yn andeallus, ai o ran llediaith y'wlat, ai o ancynefindery devnydd, wedy ei noti ai eglurhau ar'ledemyl y tu dalen gydrychiol. [Preceded by an " Almanach dros xxv. o vlynydden," &c. Translated by W. Sales- bury and R. Davies, Bishop of St. Davids ; edited by the former, with an Epistle by the latter, " i bop map eneid dyn o vewn ey escopawt." First edition.] Black letter. [London] : H. Den- ham, 1567. 4L0. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. In long lines, thirty-one to the full page. The text is not divided into verses. 930. Bible (English). The Holie Bible. Richard Jugge, 1568. 2 vols. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. The " Bishops'" Bible, a revision of the "Great Bible" undertaken by Archbishop Parker, with the assistance of eight bishops. It appeared "cum privilegio regise majestatis," and its use was sanctioned by Convocation in 1 571. It is sometimes called the treacle Bible, from Jeremiah viii, 22: "Is there no tryacle in Gilead ? " rendered rosin in the Douai version, and balm in that of 161 1. It is also sometimes called the " Leda Bible," from the use of one of a series of capital letters, designed after Ovid, used by Jugge in his other and previous books. 931. Bible (English, first Bishops'). Another copy. London : Richarde Jugge, 1568. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. N 9 8 The Printed Bibles in [1568 932. Birle (French and Latin). 3 vols. Paris: Sebastien Nyvelle, 156S. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 933. Bible (Latin). Lugduni : Ioannes Frellon, 1568. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 934. New Testament (Greek). 2 vols. Lvtitiae : Robertus Stephanus, 1568-9. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 935. Bible (English). Genevan. Geneva : John Crespin, 1568-70. 4to. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 936. Psalms (Dutch). De C.L. Psalmen Dauids. Tot Noorwitz Gheprint by Anthonium de Solemne, 1568. 8vo. Lent by IV. Amhurst Tyssen-Amhurst, Esq. A work from the same press, entitled " Geneu Kalendaer Historiaal I57°>" is bound up with this. These two books, with Nos. 281, 282, 283, together form a unique collection of productions from the Norwich Press. No. 281 is dated 1568. 937. Bible (English). The Bishops' version, the first edition in 4to. London: Richard Jugge, 1569. 4to. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 938. Bible (English). Bishops' version. First edition in 4to. Another copy. London : Richard Jugge, 1569. 4to. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 939. Bible (Polyglot). Biblia Polyglotta. Antwerp : Plantinus, 1569-73. 8 vols. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Edited at the command of Philip II by Arias Montanus, of the University of Alcala. Only 500 copies were printed, of which the greater part were lost at sea. 940. Bible (Spanish). La Biblia. (C. de Reyna.) [Basle?], 1569. 4to. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 941. Bible (Spanish). Another copy, with new title dated 1622, date at end 1569. 4to. Lent by Hetiry White, Esq. 942. New Testament (Dutch). 1569. i6mo. Lent by Hetiry J. Atkinson, Esq. 943. New Testament (Latin). Novvm Iesv Christi Testamentvm. Antverpias : apud haeredes Arnoldi Birckmanni, 1570. i6mo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. This copy belonged to Prince Henry, and has his monogram on the sides. 944. Gospels (Anglo-Saxon). The Gospels, &c. London : John Daye, 15 71. 4 to. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 944*. New Testament (English). The/ Newe Te-/stament of/ ovr Lord Iesvs/ Christ./ Conferred with the Greke,/ and best approued/ translations./ With the arguments, as vvel before the/ chapters, as for euery Boke and Epistle,/ Also diuersities of readings, and/ most 1 57 s ] the Caxton Exhibition 99 profitable annotations of all harde places : vvhere-/unto is added a co-/pious Table./ Imprinted at/ London by T. V. for/ Christopher Barker./ 1575./ Cum priuilegio./ [Co/ophon on page 813] Im- printed at London by Tho. Vautroullier/ for Christopher Barker./ 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. The title is within an elaborate woodcut border having the royal arms at the top, and " Cum priuilegio " in a compartment at the bottom ; on the reverse "The ordre of the Bookes "/ in small italics; the next leaf begins on * ij. "The Epistle de-/claring that Christ/ is the end of the Law./ By Iohn Caluin."/ 16 pp. Then comes on C ij. "To the Reader mercy/ and peace through/ Christ ovr Saviovr."/ 5 pp. ; on the reverse, in small italics, "The argvment of/ the Gospell, writ by the foure Euangelists." 1 p. Text in roman type, paged I to 813, ending with a tail-piece over the colophon. On page 814 begins "A declaration/ of the Table to the/ New Testament," I p. ; " A table of the principall things" etc. 815 to S50 in double columns. Then follows "A perfect Supputation" etc. 3 pp. the next page blank. It is very seldom that the last two leaves are to be found. The version, with some very slight alterations, is the Genevan, first printed with the Old Testament in 1560; but Calvin's Epistle and Whittingham's Preface are taken from the Geneva edition of 1557, as also are the Declaration and the Table at the end. The translation and the notes differ very materially from Whittingham's edition. 945. New Testament (Basque). Iesvs Christ/ Gvre Iavnaren/ Testa- mentv/ Berria./ Rochellan, Pierre Hautin, Imprimicale./ 157 1. 8vo. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 946. Bible (Latin). Heuteni. Venetiis, apud Ivntas, 1572. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 947. Bible (Latin). Antwerpise : Apud Viduam & Heredes Ioannis Stelsii, 1572. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 948. Bible (English). Bishops' version. London: R. Jugge, 1573. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 949. Bible (English). The second folio, Bishops' version. London : Richard Jugge, 1572. Folio. Lent by F. Fry, Esq. 950. Bible (Latin). Venetia: Bevilaqua, 1574. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 951. Bible (Latin). Biblia advertissima exemplaria nunc recens castigata. Heutenus. Venetiis, apud Haeredes Nicolai Bevila- quae, 1576. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 95i*.New Testament (English) Genevan. Notes Englished by L. Tom- son. London: C. Barkar, 1576. Svo. Lent by George Taicse,Esq. 960. Bible (English). Genevan. London: C. Parker, 1578. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 961. Bible (English and Scotch). The Bible/ and Holy Scriptvres/ conteined in the/ Olde and Newe/ Testament./ Translated ac- cording to the/ Ebrue & Greke, & conferred with the beste transla- tions/ in diuers languages./ (.-.)/ With moste profitable Annota- i oo The Printed Bibles in [1579 tions/ vpon all the hard places of the Holy Scriptvre,/ and other things of great importance, mete for/ the Godly Reader./ Printed in Edinbrvghj Be Alexander Arbuthnot, Printer to the Kingis Maiestie, dwelling/ at ye Kirk of feild. 1579-/ Cvm gratia et Privilegio Regiae/ Maiestatis./ Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. Nine prel. leaves. On the title-page, above the imprint, is a woodcut re- presenting the arms of Scotland, 3^ by 4f inches ; on the reverse, "The names and order of all the Bookes/ of the olde & New Testament," 1 p. ; the second leaf begins on (. ".) ij. "To the Richt Excellent Richt/ heich and Michtie Prince lames the Sixt/ King of Scottis," etc. 2>h pp. dated at the end, "From Edinburgh in our ge-/neral assemblie the tent day of/ Iulie. 1579." the rest of the page blank. Then comes "An dovble Calendare,/ to wit, the Romane and the Hebrew-/ Calendare," etc. " Ane Almanake," etc. 7 pp. On the reverse of the seventh leaf is " C A table to find out in what signe the Moone is at any tyme for euer" j page, under which is " Rvles for vnder- standing/ of this double Calendare," occupying that and half the next page, and signed " R. Pont :" the remainder of this page is filled with verses, "5<^ Of the incomparable treasure of the holy Scriptures." On the reverse of the next, or eighth leaf, begins, " $©» A Description and svccesse/ of the Kinges of Ivda and Ierusalem,"/ etc. ii pp. ; then comes on the rest of the page "An exhortation to the studie of the holie Scripture ;" on the reverse, " Howe to take profite in reading of the holie Scripture " signed by T. Grashop, 1 p. at the bottom of which is Arbuthnot's device copied from Richard Jugg's, substituting his own arms at the bottom between the initials A. A. The Text, Genesis to Second Maccabees, 503 folioed leaves, ending with "The Third Boke of/ the Maccabees newlie translated out/ of the original Greke." This third book however is not added, but next comes the title of " The/ Newe Testament/ of ovr Lord Ie-/svs Christ./ Conferred diligently with the Greke, and best approved/ translations in diuers languages./ [The arms of Scotland the same as on the first title.] At Edinbvrgh/ §^ Printed by Thomas/ Bas- sandyne./ M. D. LXXVI./ Cvm Privilegio./" Reverse blank ; the text, A. ij. folioed 2 [misprinted i] to 125, ending on the middle of the reverse. Then comes " A briefe Table of the Pro-/per names which are chiefly found e in the olde Te-/stament," in double columns not paged or folioed, but beginning on the recto of X. vj. and ending at the middle of the verso of Y. iij. Then follows on "A Table of the principal/ things that are conteined in the Bible," etc. in treble columns, ending on the middle of the reverse of Z. vj. The rest of that page, and the next are filled with " $©» A Perfite svppvtation of the yeres/ and times from Adam vnto Christ " brought down " vnto this present yere of/ our Lord God 1576." On the reverse is "The Order of the yeres from Pauls conuersion " etc. I p. The next leaf of this gathering is probably blank, as no copy is known to contain more. This is the first edition of the Bible printed in Scotland. It' is the Genevan version, in roman type, in double columns, with the marginal notes in smaller type than the text. There are the usual woodcuts in Exodus, to be found in most of the early Genevan versions. At the thirty-third chapter of Numbers is a detached map, another at the fifteenth chapter of Josua, and at the end of Ezekiel is a plan of the Temple. The present copy is large, clean, pure, and perfect. Before the printing was completed Bassandyne died ; but in all the copies the title of the New Testament bears his name, with date 1576. In 1579 the complete volume was issued under sanction of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, with a dedication to James the Sixth, and other preliminary leaves, printed by Alex. Arbuthnot. 585] the Caxton Exhibition 10 1 962. Bible (English). London: Christopher Barker, 1579? 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 963. Bible (Latin). First edition of Tremelius and Junius. London: Middleton, 1580. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 964. Biblia Sclavonica. H. Typis Joannis Theodori Jum-ex magna Russia. Ostrobia, 1581. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 965. Bible (English). Genevan. London: C. Barker, 1582. 41.0. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 966. New Testament (English). The New Testament of Jesus Christ, translated faithfully into English, out of the authentical Latin. Cum privilegio. Rhemes : John Fogny, 1582. 4to. Two copies. One lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq., and the other by Earl Spencer. The Rhemes New Testament, the result of the labours of Roman Catholic priests, exiles from England in 1568. It is a secondary translation from the Vulgate. 967. Bible Picture Book (Dutch). Figuren, etc. Van Borcht, 1582. Obi. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 968. Bible (Latin). Antwerp: Plantin, 1582. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 969. Bible (English). Genevan. London: C. Barker, 1583. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 970. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra. Quid in hac editione a theologis Lovaniensibvs prsestitvm sit, eorum praefatio indicat. Antwerp : Plantin, 1 5 S3. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 971. Bible (Wendish). Biblia, tu ie Vse Svetv Pismv, Stariga inu Noviga Testamenta, Slovenski, tolmazhena, skusi Jvria Dalmatina. Bibel, das ist, die gantze Heilige Schrifft, Windisch. Wittemberg, durch Hans Kraffts Erben, 1584. Many woodcuts. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 972. Bible (Icelandic). Biblia, pad er, 611 Heilog Ritning vtlogd a Norrcenu. [being the previous translations of various parts by O. Gottskalksson, G. Einarsson, and G. Jonsson, revised and corrected by G. Thorlaksson, and the remainder newly translated by him]. Med formalum M. Lutheri. First edition. Holum, 15S4. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. With woodcuts, for the most part designed and engraved by Bishop G. Thorlaksson. Another copy lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 973. Bible (English). The Bishops' version. Authorized and ap- pointed to be read in Churches. London: Ch. Barker, 1585. jr ii 0i Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 974. Bible (Latin). Francofurt : P. Fabricius impensis Sigis. Feira bendi. 1585. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 102 The Printed Bibles in [1585 975. Bible (English, Genevan version). London: Christopher Barke v , 1585. 4to. Black letter. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 976. Bible. Old Testament. H TraKctia AtaSnav Kara, touc, 'E^o/j.yikovtcx. . . . Vetus Testamentum juxta Septuaginta, ex auctoritate Sixti V. Pont. Max. editum. [By A. Carafa, P. Morinus, G. Sirletus, L. Latinius, M. Victorius, P. Dominicanus, E. Sa, P. Parra, A. Agellius, Lrelius, F. Turrianus, P. Ciaconius, J. Maldonatus, P. Comitolus, F. Ursinus, J. Livineius, B. Valverda, R. Bellarminus, and F. To- letus.] L. P. Romse,F. Zanetti, 1586. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. First printed edition of the Codex Vaticanus. It has formed the model for every succeeding edition of the " Septuagint." 977. New Testament (English). Beza's. Englished by L. Tomson. London: C. Barker, 1587. 32mo. Letit by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 978. Bible (English). 2 vols. London : Christopher Barker, 1587. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 979. Bible (Bohemian). Vol. IV. Isaiah to Malachi. 1587. 4to. Lent by Pastor L. B. Kaspar. This Bible was printed for the ancient Bohemian Brethren Church at the private printing establishment of Count Zerotin in Kralice, near Brunn, Moravia, in the year 15S7. The original binding was made in 1588. 980. Bible (French). Geneve, 1588. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 981. Bible (French). First edition. 8 parts. Geneve, 1588. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 982. Bible (Hebrew). 2 vols. Hamburg : J. Wolfius, 1588. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 983. Bible (Latin). 2 vols. Lugduni, apud Gvlielmvm Rovillivm. 1588. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 984. Bible (the first Welsh). Y Beibl Cyssegr-Lan, Sef yr hen Des- tament a'r Newydd. London : Deputies of C. Barker, 1588. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 984*. Bible (Second Danish). Biblia/ det er,/ Defi gantske Hel-/lige Schrifft, paa Danske etc. [after Luther's]. Kiobenhaffn, Aff Matz Vingaardt, 1589. Folio. Le?it by Heniy J. Atkinson, Esq. 985. Bible (English, Genevan version). London : Deputies of Ch. Barker, 1589. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 986. New Testament (English). L. Tomson's. London : Deputies of Ch. Barker, 1589. 8vo. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 990. New Testament (English). Genevan version. London : Christo- pher Barker, 1589. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. i59 6 ] the Caxton Exhibition 103 991. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Vulgatae Editionis tribvs tomis dis- tincta (ad concilii Tridentini praescriptum emendata, et a Sixto V. P. M. recognita et approbata). [Edited by A. Carafa, F. No- bilius, A. Agellius, P. Morinus, A. Rocca, and Laelius.] 3 torn. Romse : ex Typographic Apostolica Vaticana, 1590. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. There are two title-pages, the first printed, and the second engraved. Com- monly known as the Sixtine Bible. The first complete Latin edition pub- lished by Papal authority. 992. Bible (Latin). Biblia sacra Vulgatae editionis, Sixti quinti . . . jussu recognita atque edita [by M. A. Columna, W. Allen, B. de Miranda, R. Bellarminus, A. Agellius, P. Morinus, F. Nobilius, Laelius, B. Valverda, F. Toletus, A. Valerius, and F. Borromaeus.] Oratio Manassae, necnon libri duo qui sub libri tertij et quarti Esdrae nomine circumferuntur . . . sepositi sunt, ne prorsus inter- irent, etc. dementis VIII. auctoritate recognita. Romae : ex typogr. vaticana, 1592. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. There are two title-pages, one printed and the other engraved : the "Oratio Manassse" and the third and fourth books of Esdras have a separate pagina- tion. The Clementine Bible. The authentic text of the "Vulgate." This edition is said to considerably differ from the Sixtine edition, but infallibility in the church does not compass printer's stops and errors, or countenance them. 99 2*. Gospels (in Arabic and Latin) with numerous woodcuts by Ant. Tempesta. Rome, 1590. Folio. Lent by A. Aspland, Esq. 993. Bible (Latin). Londini, Impensis Gulielmi N., 1593-92. Folio. Lent by Henry/. Atkinson, Esq. 993*. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Vulgatae editionis Sixti Qvinti iussu recognita atque edita. Romae, 1593. 4to. Letit by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 994. Bible (Latin). Tubingae : G. Gruppenbach, 1593. Folio. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 995. Bible (Latin). Romas: Typ. Apost. vat, 1593. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 996. Bible (Latin). Tubingae, Georgius Gruppenbachius, 1593. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 997. Bible (English). London : Deputies of Christopher Barker, 1594. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 998. Bible (English). London: Deputies of Ch. Barker, 1594. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 999. Bible (Greek, Latin, and German). Biblia Sacra. Opera Davidis Walderi. 2 vols. Hamburgi : Jacobus Lucius Juni. excudebat, 1596. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 104 The Printed Bibles in [1595 1000. Bible (Hebrew). 4 vols. 1595. i6mo. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1001. Bible (Saxon). Hamborch, dorch Jacobum Lucium den Jungen. 1596. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. On the title of the New Testament is a representation of the Elector and Luther witnessing the baptism of Christ by John. 1002. New Testament (Latin). 2 vols, in 1. Morgiis (Switzerland) : Excudebat Ioannes le Preux, 1596. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1003. Bible (English). The Bible./ That is, the Holy/ Scriptvres Con-/teined in the/ Olde and New/ Testament./ Translated accor-/ding to the Ebrew and Greeke, and/ conferred with the best transla-/ons in diuers languages./ With most Profitable Anno-/tations vpon all the hard places, and other things/ of great importance, as may appear in the/ Epistle to the Reader./ C Imprinted at London by the De-/puties of Christopher Barker,/ Printer to the Qveenes most excel-/lent Maiestie./ Anno 1597. Cum priuilegio./ Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 6 prel. leaves, viz. Title, reverse blank; "To the most ver-/tvovs and noble Qveene/ Elizabith," 3 pp.; "To ovr Beloved in the Lord," 1 p.; "A Table conteining the Cycle/ of the Sunne," etc. 2 pp.; Kalendar, 3 pp.; "J5C* The Names and order of all the bookes," 1 p. Text, A. j., in double columns, in roman type, Genesis to Malachi 360 folioed leaves ; Apocrypha Aaaa. j. 77 leaves; New Testament, Title and 129 leaves; "CA breife Table," Yyyyy. iiij. 9 unnumbered leaves. This is the Genevan version of the text of both the Old and the New Testament, but the New Testament is what is generally known as L. Tomson's translation, or revision. This is, however, a popular error. The text is the Genevan version of 1560, which Tomson has not meddled with. He has only added a translation of Beza's and Camerarius' Notes, Summaries, Expositions, and marginal references. The Arguments preceding the Gospels, the Acts, etc., are omitted, though ex- pressly mentioned in the title. 1004. New Testament (English). The/ Newe Testa-/ment of Ovr/ Lord Iesvs/ Christ./ C Faithfully traslated out/ of Greeke./ Imprinted at London\ by the Deputies of Christopher Barker,/ Printer to the Queenes most/ excellent Maiestie./ Anno 1598./ 48mo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. A to Xx in eights. In clear pearl type. Size of page 2^ X if inches. The reverse of the title is blank. Text begins on A 2, and ends on the reverse of Xx 8. This beautiful little volume is in the Geneva version. There are thirty-one lines on a full page. The headings of the chapters and the marginal references are in italic. 1005. New Testament (Latin and Greek). Geneva, 1598. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1006. Bible (Dutch). Antwerp: Jan Newrentorf and Jan van Keuber- gen, 1599. Folio. Lent by Ffenry J. Atkinson, Esq. i6oo] the C ax ton Exhibition 105 1007. Bible (English, Genevan). The/ Bible,/ that is,/ The Holy Scriptvres/ conteined in the Old and New/ Testament./ Trans- lated according to the Ebrew and Greeke, and/ conferred with the best Translations in/ diuers Languages./ With most profitable Annotations vpon all hard places,/ and other things of great importance./ C Imprinted at London/ by the Deputies of Chris- topher Barker,/ Printer to the Queenes most/ Excellent Maiestie./ 1599./ 4to. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 4 prel. leaves, including the woodcut and printed titles ; Text, Genesis to Job, 190 folioed leaves ; Psalms to Malachi, 127 leaves, one blank leaf; New Testament, 121 folioed leaves ; A briefe Table, n leaves. Date of Colophon, J 599- There were no less than six or eight editions of the Bible with the date 1599, all purporting to be from the same printer, and so closely resembling each other that it is difficult to distinguish them without having them before you. This edition is described in Lea Wilson's admirable cata- logue, under No. 84 of Bibles, and may be distinguished from the other by the third line of the first verse of the first chapter of Esther, reading : — India euen vnto Ethiopa, ouer The version is the Genevan, with Tomson's revision of the notes of the New Testament. It is in small roman type, in double columns, with the notes in smaller type on both the inner and outer margins. 1008. Bible (Latin). Venetia : Apud Damianum Zenarum, 1599. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1009. New Testament (English). The/ New Testament/ of lesus Christ faith-/fvlly translated into English,/ out of the authentical Latin, diligently conferred with the/ Greeke, and other Editions in diuers languages : With Ar/gvments of bookes and chapters : Annotations,/ and other helpes, for the better vnderstanding of the text,/ and specially for the discouerie of Corrvptions in di-/uers late translations and for cleering Controver-/sies in Religion of these dayes : By the English/ College then Resident in Rhemes. Set Forth the second time, by the same College now/ returned to Doway./ With addition to one new Table of Heretical Cor/rvptions, the other Tables and Annotations somewhat/ aug- mented. Printed at Antiverpl by Daniel Vervliet./ 1600. With Privilege./ 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. The title within a type-metal border, having on the reverse, the Approba- tions of the first edition of 1582, and of the present edition. The next leaf a ij begins with " The Preface to/ the Reader," 1 1 leaves ; "A Table of cer-/taine Places of the New/ Testament corrvptly translated," 6 pp. in double columns ; "The Explication of Certain/ vvordes in this Translation," 2 pp.; "The Bookes of the New/ Testament" 3 pp.; on the reverse, "The Signification or mea-/ning of the nvmbers and markes/ vsed in the New Testament," 1 p.; "The Svmme of the /New Testament," etc. 2 pp.; Text, Mathew to the end of Revelations, pp. 3 to 745. On the middle of page 745 begins "A Table of the/ Epistles and Gospels," Signature B bbbb, 4^ pp.; on the reverse of O 106 The Printed Bibles in [1600 Bbbbbiij "An ample and/ particvlar Table" of Controversies, 23 pp. in double columns. The book is throughout in roman type, except the headings of the chapters, which are in italics. The text is in large pica type in long lines of three inches and three quarters, and the notes and marginal summaries are in a smaller type. The annotations, which are very numerous and contro- versial, are at the end of each chapter or book. The marginal summaries or catch-clauses are only on the outer margins, while the inner margins are occu- pied by references to other places, and by a column indicating the division into verses. The matter is run on into paragraphs, but the beginning of each verse is indicated by this mark. \ The Preface to the Reader is historical and critical, and of considerable interest on the important subject of translations into the vulgar tongues. This translation is from the old Latin Vulgate. At the end of the third chapter of Matthew is a slip pasted down containing the words, "Iurie, and from beyond Iordan." the first three words having been omitted in the text. This volume should go with No. 1024 of this catalogue, so as to form a set of the complete Bible. 1 010. New Testament (English). London: R. Barker, 1600. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 10 1 1. New Testament (English). Bishop's and Rhemish version. Notes by Wm. Fulke. London : R. Barker, 1601. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 01 2. New Testament (Greek). Franckfurt: Typis Wechelianis, 1601. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1013. Bible (English). The Bishops'. Authorised and appointed to be read in Churches. London: Robert Barker, 1602. Folio. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. There appear to have been two different first titles issued with this last folio edition of the Bishops' version ; one like that of the woodcut border of the New Testament title, and the other like that used in the first edition of the 161 1 version. A recent writer says that the latter "had often done duty before, notably in the Bishops' Bible of 1602." This is probably a mistake, for we find this folio woodcut border of the 1611 version used in no other previous edition except this 1602 Bishops', and in only a part of this. This handsome volume was manifestly the model for the first issue of the 161 1 version, and the revisions and corrections were probably posted on to a copy of this and then deposited as copy with Barker. This last folio Bishops' differs almost as much from the first Bishops' of 1568 as it does from the first 1611 itself, it had under- gone so many changes and silent revisions. 1 014. Bible (Spanish). La Biblia, segunda edicion, por C. de Valera. Amsterdam, En casa de Lorenco Iacobi, 1602. Folio. Two copies. One lent by H White, Esq., the other by the B. and F. Bible Society. 1015. New .Testament (English). L. Tomson. Dort : Isaac Canin, 1603. 8vo. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 1 01 6. Bible (English), Genevan version. London : R. Barker, 1606. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1609] the Caxton Exhibition 107 10 1 7. Bible (English). Genevan version. London : R. Barker, 1607. Folio. First title wanting. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. This copy belonged to Prince Henry, and bears his monogram on the sides. 1018. Bible (English). Genevan. London: Robert Barker, 1606. 8vo. Lent by Sir Charles Reed. 1019. Bible (Italian). La Bibbia. Nuouamente traslatati da Giovanni Diodati, di nation Lucchese. Geneva, 1607. 4to. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1020. Bible (Latin). Venetia, 1607. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 102 1. Bible (Dutch). Leyden : Jacobszoon & Jan Bouwensszoon, 1608. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1022. New Testament (Italian). II Nuovo Testamento. Geneva: Diodati, 1608. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1023. Bible (English). Genevan version. London : R. Barker, 1609. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1024. Bible (English, Doway). The/ Holie Bible/ Faithfvlly Trans/- lated into English,/ ovt of the avthentical/ Latine./ Diligently conferred with the Hebrew, Greeke,/ and other Editions in diuers languages./ With Argvments of the Bookes, and Chapters :/ Annotations. Tables : and other helpes,/ for better vnderstanding of the text :/ for discouerie of Corrvptions/ in some late transla- tions : and/ for clearing Controversies in Religion./ By the English College at Doway./ Printed at Doway by Lavrence Kel- lam,/ at the signe of the holie Lambe./ m. dc. ix. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Two volumes. Vol. I. The title within a type-metal border, having on the reverse, in Latin, " Approbatio." dated " Duaci. 8. Nouembris. 1609." Then comes on J2, "To the right/ vvelbeloved English/ Reader," 12 pp.; "The Svmme and Parti-/tion of the Holie Bible," 4 pp.; " The Argvment of the Booke/ of Genesis." 2 pp.; The text, Genesis to Job, 1114 pp., followed by "To the Cvrteovs Reader," I p., promising two Tables for this volume in the next. Vol. II. Title, dated m. dc. X. having the approbation on the reverse as to the first volume: " Proemial Annotations/ vpon the Booke of Psalms." pp. 3 to 14 ; Text, Psalms to the Fovrth Book of Esdras, pp. 15 to 1 07 1. "A Table of the Epistles," page 1072 ; " An Historical Table of the Times," etc. pp. 1073 to 1096; "A particular Table of the/ most principal Things," pp. 1097 to 1123; '"Censura," page 1124; Errata of the two volumes, 1 p. These two volumes are printed in a style nearly uniform with the New Testament, 4to, 1600, No. 1009. These three volumes should go together to make the complete Bible. This is the first edition of the Roman Catholic version of the Scriptures in English. It was translated about the year 1580, by some English exiles at Douai, to combat the various English protestant versions. It is a remarkable circumstance that though these volumes 108 The Printed Bibles in [1609 bear the dates of 1609 and 1610, they had not reached the hands of the trans- lators of the 161 1 version when their long Preface was written. There is dis- tinct allusion to this work, as if to disclaim any knowledge of it. Or perhaps the Preface may have been written before Nov. 1609, the date of the Approval of Vol. I. This is sometimes called the rosin Bible, from the reading of Jeremiah viii, 22, " Is there no rosin in Gilead ?" The Bishops', and other early translations, had treacle. 1025. New Testament (Greek and Latin). Aurelia Allob. apud Iacobum Stoer, 1609. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1026. New Testament (Icelandic). Pad Nijca Testamentum. Holum, 1609. Svo. Lent by David Lcting, Esq. 1027. Bible (English, Genevan). The/ Bible :/ that is,/ The Holy Scriptvres/ conteined in the Old and New/ Testament./ Trans- lated according to the Ebrew and Greeke, and/ conferred with the best Translations in/ diuers Languages./ $[ With most profitable Annotations vpon all hard places,/ and other things of great im- portance./ C Imprinted at/ London by Robert Barker,/ Printer to the Kings most/ Excellent Maiestie./ 16 10. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 3 prel. leaves ; Text, Genesis to Malachi, A to Qq 7, in eights ; New Testa- ment, Aaa to Qqq 1 ; Table, Qqq 2 to Rrr, 4. date of Colophon, 1611. This is the Genevan version, with Tomson's revision of the notes of the New Testament, and with Junius's Annotations on the Revelations. It is in small roman type, closely resembling the six quarto editions of 1599. 1028. Bible (English, Genevan). The/ Bible,/ That Is,/ The holy Scriptures con-/tained in the Old and/ New Testament./ C Trans- lated according to the Ebrew and Greeke,/ and conferred with the best Translations/ in diuers Languages./ C With most profitable Annotations vpon all the/ hard places, and other things of great/ importance./ Imprinted at/ London by Robert Barker,/ Printer to the Kings most Excel-/lent Maiestie./ 1610./ Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 4 prel. leaves in roman type, viz. Title within a broad woodcut border, with the royal arms at the top, and Cum priuilegio in a compartment at the bottom, reverse blank ; " ^^ To the Christian Reader." 2 pp. ; within a type-metal border. "C Of the incomparable treasure," etc. I p. ; " How to profite in reading," etc. 1 p. ; "C The names and order of all the Books," 1 p. ; on the reverse is a large woodcut, filling the whole page, of Adam and Eve in Paradise. Text in black letter. A to Mmmm 2, in sixes. "$^Abriefe Table " 8 leaves in roman letter. This is the Genevan version with Tomson's revision of the notes of the New Testament. The text is in double columns, in large black letter. The arguments of the books are in small roman type. The summaries of the chapters are in italics, and the marginal notes are in small black, and the references in small roman letter. The woodcut borders of the titles of the Old and New Testaments are alike. At the beginning of the Psalms there is a title, "This Second Part of the Bible," within a broad woodcut border, with erect female figures on either side, reverse blank. i6n] the C ax ton Exhibition 109 1028*. Bible (English, Genevan). The Bible, that is, the Holy Scrip- tures. London : Barker, 1 6 1 o. 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This is, we believe, the last edition of the Bible of the Genevan version printed in England in octavo. 1029. Bible (English, Genevan version). The Bible, that is, The Holy Scriptures contained in the Olde and New Testament, Translated according to the Hebrew and Greeke, &c. At Edin- burgh Printed by Andro Hart, and are to be sold at his Buith, on the North-side of the gate. Anno Dom. 1610. Folio. Two copies. One lent by H. J. Atkinson, Esq., the other by David Laing, Esq. This was long the standard and favourite edition of the Genevan Bible, be- cause it was a handsome, well-printed book, remarkably free from typo- graphical errors. 1030. Bible (English), Genevan and Tomson's. London : R. Barker, 161 1. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 1 03 1. Bible (English). Genevan version. London: R. Barker, 161 1. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1032. Psalms (English). The Psalmes of David in Prose and Meeter. With Godly Prayers, &c. Printed at Edinburgh by Andro Hart. 161 1. 8vo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1033. Psalms (Latin). Paraphrasis Psalmorum Davidis Poetica auc- tore Georgio Buchanano. Edinburgi, exct. Andreas Hart, 161 1. i8mo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1034. Psalms (English). Psalms in Prose and Metre with the Tunes. Edinb. : Andro Hart, 161 1. 24mo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1035. Bible (English). The Holy Bible, newly translated out of the original! Tongues and with former Translations diligently com- pared and revised, by his Maiesties speciall commandment. Appointed to be read in Churches. London : Robert Barker, 161 1. With the first title engraved on copper by C. Boel of Richmont. Folio. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. This is the first or standard issue of the 1611 version of the English Bible. There was another separate issue of it the same year distinct throughout every leaf. This pair, the parents of millions of our Bibles, we shall distinguish by calling the first the Great He Bible, and the other the Great She Bible, from their respective readings of Ruth iii. 15, the one reading "he measured six meastcres of barley, and laid it on her : and He went into the city. " The other has "and She went into the city." These two editions, both standard but varying in many places, were manifestly deposited in two different printing houses as standard copy, because the subsequent editions in quarto and octavo, in roman and black letter, run in pairs, he and she, and as a general rule the faults of the one follow those of its own office-copy or parent. It is not difficult for a practical printer to point out the true original He Bible, and when that is ascertained many other arguments fall in peacefully. This he and she distinc- tion is only one of a thousand. The first three or four editions were issued, some copies with an engraved copper-plate title, and others with a woodcut 1 1 o The Printed Bibles in [161 1 bordered title, but never with both. We have found the engraved title attached to its follower in both of the 1611 issues, as well as that of 1613. These titles, therefore, do not mark the edition ; nor do Speed's genealogies, with which the king saddled and most unjustly burdened the version, as a private sop to a favourite subject. Of the two distinct issues of 161 1, some copies of each having the engraved and others the woodcut title, it is of great consequence to establish the priority of one or the other. Mr. Francis Fry after long and patient investigation has, in his exceedingly important work on the subject, pronounced decidedly in favour of the He Bible's being the original ; while Mr. Scrivener, in the introduction to his Paragraph Bible, reverses Mr. Fry's de- cision, and sets up the She Bible as the standard by priority. Our own researches, both before and since Mr. Fry's opinion, have led us unequivocally to the same conclusion as Mr. Fry. We do not find any authority for calling it the Authorized Version, the words "Appointed to be read in Churches," meaning not authorized, but, as explained in the preliminary matter, simply how the Scriptures were pointed out or " appointed " for public reading. This "Appointment" was afterwards shunted into the Prayer-Book and left out of the Bibles ; but why the word appointed was left on some of the early title- pages and omitted in others, and how it got gradually to mean authorized, we leave to philologists, simply remarking that the 1602 Bishops' Bible, on which our present version was modelled, had both the words "authorized" and "appointed." The Puritans and Presbyterians did not require this "appoint- ment," and hence in many editions it was omitted. We have no objection to the modern suppression or omission by the University and Queen's Printers of the long Preface, the Genealogies, and the "Appointment" of Scripture Read- ings in Churches. We could spare also the Dedication. But with all these omissions it is difficult to understand why the title is not also purified by leaving out the words "Appointed to be read in Churches." It being the Bible of all churches, denominations, and congregations in Great Britain and English-speaking America, Australia, and India (except the Roman Catholics) as much as of the Church of England, why by this misused word, appointed, should our common Bible any longer be even nominally limited to the Church of England, since there never was any exclusive right in the claim. It never was any more the Bible of the Church than of the Puritans. See Ur. Smith's Introduction on this point. Again, it was not a new translation, but about the twelfth revision of a work that belonged to the public, viz., (1, of Tyndale, 2, of Coverdale, 3, of Matthew, 4, of Taverner, 5, of the Great Bible of 1539, 6, of Cranmer, 7, of Becke, 8, of the Geneva New Testament, 9, of the Genevan Bible, 10, of the Bishops' version, 11, of the Bishops' version revised in the edition of 1602, 12, this of 1611,) at once the public repository of the English language and the birthright of Englishmen and the English-speaking people, of America, India, and Australia. This 161 1 Bible has thus become indeed a marvel of perfection in the simplicity and beauty of its language, con- sidering that at the time of the last revision there was neither an English grammar nor an English dictionary in the English language. It was never, we believe, formally authorized by Parliament, King, Privy-Council, or Con- vocation, but it by slow degrees grew into use by a higher authority than any of these, viz., the universal law of superiority and the people's own choice. 1036. Bible (English). The Holy Bible. London: Robert Barker, 161 1. Fine copy of the He Bible, with the woodcut title. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. 1037. Bible (English). The Holy Bible, etc. Appointed to be read in Churches. London: Robert Barker, 161 1. Folio. Lent by Edward G. Allen, Esq. i6i 3 ] the Caxton Exhibition 1 1 1 This is the Great She Bible of 161 i, differing in every leaf from the Great He Bible. Like No. 1035 and 1036 it was issued, some copies with the engraved and others with the woodcut title. This is certain, because we have found both title-leaves attached to their followers. Neither title marks definitely the edition, but there are many reasons to demonstrate that this is the second or subsequent issue. It may have some better readings and some inferior, but the editions are totally distinct and unquestionably one is the parent of the other. It was probably necessary, in order to multiply copies fast enough, to have two standard copies in separate printing offices. The variations are generally not of much importance, and are such as usually occur in copying one book from another, with occasionally a slight correction, but oftener a slight blunder. 1038. Bible (English). The 16 11 version. London: Robert Barker, 16 1 3-1 1. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This is generally a mixture of the sheets of the He and the She Bible, issued with a new first title, but the New Testament title remaining unchanged. 1039. Bible (English). The/ Holy/ Bible,/ Conteyning the Old Testa- ment/ and the New :/ Newly Translated out of the Originall/ tongues : & with the former Translations/ diligently compared and reuised, by his/ Maiesties special Comandement./ Appointed to be read in Churches./ Jmprinted at London by Robert/ Barker Printer to the Kings/ most Excellent Maiestie./ Anno Dom. 1 61 2./ 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. The title is beautifully engraved on copper by Jasper Isac, reverse blank. Dedication to King James, A 2, 3 pp. in italics ; on the reverse of A 3, " The Translators To/ The Reader," 9 pp. in small roman type; " §&■ The names and order of all the Bookes," 1 p., reverse blank; "The Genealogies," by J. Speed, 18 leaves : "A Description of Canaan, and the bordering Countries," on the back of a woodcut map of the Holy Land, 2 leaves ; the text is in double columns, in roman type, Genesis to Revelations, A to Z, Aa to Zz, Aaa to Zzz, [A] to [M], all in eights. This is the first edition of the 161 1 Version of the Bible printed in quarto. It is a He Bible. 1040. Bible (English). The second edition of the 161 1 version in 4to, roman type. She went. London: R. Barker, 1612. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1041. Bible (English). The first edition of the 161 1 version in octavo. The He edition. London: R. Barker, 161 2. 8vo. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 1042. Bible (English). The second edition of the 161 1 version in octavo. The She edition. London: R. Barker, 161 1. 3vo. Lent by Fra?icis Fry, Esq. 1043. Bible (English). 161 1 version. London: Robert Barker, 1613. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This edition in smaller type cannot be confounded with either of the larger folios. Some copies appeared with the 1611 engraved title, but most of them have the woodcut title bearing the date of 161 3. We have not observed in this edition the distinction of he and she in Ruth iii. 15, but it may exist. 1044. Bible (English). The 161 1 version, black letter, the He edition. London: R. Barker, 16 13. 4to. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. ii2 TJie Prin ted Bibles in [ 1 6 1 3 1045. Bible (English). The 1611 version, black letter, the She edition. London: R. Barker, 16 13. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1046. Bible (English). 161 1 version, roman type. London: R. Barker, 1613. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1047. Proverbs, Job, &c. (Hebrew and Latin). Ex officina Plantiniana. Raphelengi, 1614-15. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1048. Bible (English). The/ Bible :/ Translated according to the Hebrew/ and Greeke, and conferred with the best Translati-/ons in diuers languages : With most profitable Annotations vpon all the hard places, and other things of great/ importance, as may appeare in the Epi-/stle to the Reader./ And also a most profit- able Concordance for the rea-/dy finding out of any thing in the same conteined./ C[ Imprinted at/ London by Robert Barker,/ Printer to the Kings most/ Excellent Maiestie./ 16 15./ 410. Lent by Erancis Fry, Esq. Title with verses on the back ; " C To the Christian Reader," C 3, 1 page ; " How to take profit" etc. 1 page. Text in black letter, double columns, Genesis to Malachi, 358 folioed leaves ; New Testament, 4 prel. leaves and Text folioed 441 to 554. This is the last edition in quarto of the Genevan Version printed in England. The Arguments, the notes and the running titles are in small roman type. The contents of the chaDters are in small italics. 1049. Bible (English). Genevan version. London : R. Barker, 16 16. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. This is the last folio edition of the Genevan version printed in England. 1050. Bible (English). London: R. Barker, 1616-15. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1051. Bible (English). Doctrine of the Bible. London: T. Snodham, 16 16. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1052. Bible (English), 1611 version. London: Robert Barker, 1617. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1053. Bible (Latin). Tremellius and Junius. Genevas: Matthei Ber- jon, 161 7. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1054. Epistles and Gospels (German and Bohemian). 161 7. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1055. Bible (Hebrew). 4 vols. Genoa : Cepha. Elon, 1618. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1056. Bible (Latin). Per Andream Osiandervm. Francofurti, Sump- tibus Godefridii Tampachii, 1618. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1057. Bible (English). Black letter. London: Norton and Bill, 1619. 4to. Lent by H Cleaver, Esq. 1629] the C ax ton Exhibition 113 1058. Bible (German). 3 vols. Liibcc, Bey Samuel Jauchen, 1620. 321T10. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1059. Birle (English). London: Bonham Norton and John Bill, 1620. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1060. Bible (the second Welch). Y Bibl Cyssegr-Lan, etc. Bishop Morgan's version, revised by R. Parry and J. Davies. Llundain, Bonham Norton a Iohn Bill. 1620. Folio. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1061. Bible (Latin). Romas: A. Brugiotti, 1624. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1062. Bible (English). London: Bonham Norton and John Bill, 1625. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1063. New Testament (Greek). Cambridge : T. Buck, 1625. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1064. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Vulgata? Editionis Sixti V. Venetiis, apud Juntas, 1627. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1065. Bible (English). London, 1628. 8vo. Lent by James J. Parsloe, Esq. 1066. New Testament (English). Printers to the University of Cam- bridge, 1628. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1067. New Testament (Greek). Sedani ex typog. Ioannis Iannoni, 1628. 321110. (Smallest.) Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1068. New Testament (Latin). Antverpiae: Plantin, 1629. 321110. Lent by Henry' J. Atkinson, Esq. 1069. Bible (English). Microbiblion/ or/ The Bibles/ Epitome :/ In Verse./ Digested according to the/ Alphabet, that the Scriptures/ we reade may more happily/ be remembred, and things/ forgotten more ea-/sily recalled./ By Simon Wastell sometimes of/ Queenes Colledge in Oxford./ London,/ Printed for Robert Mylbourne,/ and are to be sold at his shop/ at the signe of the Greyhound/ in Paules Churchyard./ 1629./ 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 6 prel. leaves, viz. Title, within a light border, reverse blank ; Dedica- tion to Sir William Spencer, 2 leaves ; "To the Christian/ Reader," 2 leaves ; Lines by George Wither, 1 page ; "The names of the Bookes," 1 p. Text, B 506 pages, followed by four leaves. 1070. Psalms (English), " with the Common Tunes in foure parts, by the most expert Musicians in Aberdene." Aberdene : E. Raban, 1629. 241110. Lent by David Laing, Esq. p 1 14 The Printed Bibles in [1629 1071. Bible (English). The 1611 version. Cambridge: T. & J. Buck, 1629. Small folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. The text of this fine edition appears to have undergone a thorough revision, but by whom or upon what authority is not known. The pains taken in the printing, proof-reading, punctuation, italics, etc. are manifest throughout. But a little typographical error crept in here, we believe for the first time, which, though corrected a hundred times, constantly reappeared for many years, viz., Tim. iv., 16. Take heed unto thyself, and unto thy doctrine, for the doctrine. 1072. Bip.le (English), 161 1 version, roman type. London: Bonham Norton and John Bill, 1629. 4to. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 1073. Bible (English), 161 1 version, roman type. London: R. Barker, and assigns of John Bill, 1630. 4to. Lent by F. Fry, Esq. A recent writer, though he finds some slight variations, pronounces this and the 1629 quarto practically the same edition, and that this one is without the Apocrypha. He is mistaken ; the two editions are totally distinct, and vary more than ordinary editions. His copy merely wanted the Apocrypha, as is apparent by the first four leaves of the Apocrypha being the counterfoils of Ccc 1-4, the last half-sheet of the Prophets. Besides, in the 1629 edition (No. 1072) there is a small * at the end of almost every sheet, a printer's mark which we have observed in no other Bible. 1074. Bible (Hebrew). Amstelodami, Sumptibus Henrici Laurentii, 1630. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1075. Bible (English). The/ Holy Bible/ Containing the/ Old Testa- ment/ and the New./ Newly Translated out of the Ori/ginal^ Tongues, and with the former/ Translations diligently compared/ and reuised : by his Maiesties/ speciall Commandement./ Ap- pointed to be read in Churches./ Printed at London by Robert Barker,/ Printer to the Kings most Ex-/cellent/ Maiestie : and by the/ Assignes of John Bill./ Anno 1631./ 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. The Wicked Bible. Title, within the woodcut border of 24 small and 4 larger oval medallions, with the royal arms on the reverse. Dedication to King James, i p. ; " f[ The Names and order of all the/ Bookes," in a border, 1 p. ; Text in small roman type, double columns, Genesis to Revelations, A 3 to K kk in eights. In 1855 Mr. Henry Stevens exhibited at the Royal Society of Anti- quaries a fine and perfect copy of this long-lost, but much bescribbled-about Bible, and at that time nick-named it " The Wicked Bible," from the fact that the negative had been left out of the Seventh Commandment by a typographical error. Selden and Collier, of our old writers, and many others since have failed to name correctly the year of its publication, 163 1. Four copies are now known, one in the Lenox Library, New York, one in the British Museum, this one from the Bodleian, and one in Glasgow. There were four octavo, roman type, distinct editions the same year, 163 1. This was suppressed, and Laud inflicted a fine of ,£300, with which it is said he bought a fount of Greek type for Oxford. Mr. Scrivener in his Paragraph Bible, Introduction, page xviii gives the date 1632, and says that a single copy is said to survive in the Library at 1640] the C ax ton Exhibition 115 Wolfenbiittel. On inquiry we are informed that no such book exists there, or as far as known ever has, but on looking into the matter, the librarian found a German edition of just a century later with the same extraordinary omission, which makes Germany also to boast of its "Wicked Bible." We have not been informed that a like authority exists in France. This is no doubt a purely typographical error, and there are some ten or twelve others in the same sheet. It is probably the wickedest error of the kind that ever occurred ; but we have always had great sympathy for David in his agony over proof sheets, ever since we learned from Cotton Mather that a blundering typo- grapher made him exclaim in a Bible printed before 1702, " Printers have persecuted me without a cause." Psalm cxix. 161. 1076. Bible (English). London: R. Barker and Assigns of John Bill, 163 1. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1077. New Testament (Greek). Cambridge: T. Buck, 1632. 8vo. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1078. Bible (English). The Holy Bible. With engraved title and frontispiece. Edinburgh : Printed by the Printers to the King's Majestic Anno Dom. 1633. Svo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. The 161 1 version and the earliest edition of it printed in Scotland. This copy has at the end "The Psalmes of David in Meeter as they are sung in the churches of Scotland. Edinburgh, 1633. But the tunes are not given. 1079. Bible (English). Cambridge : Printers to the University, 1633. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1080. New Testament (English). Fourth edition, Rhemish version. [Rouen] : John Cousturier, 1633. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 08 1. New Testament (English). London : R. Barker, 1633. 321B0. Lent by Miss Cole. Bound back to front with Sternhold and Hopkins' Psalms of same date. 1082. New Testament (Greek). Amsterdami, apud Guil. Blaeu, 1633. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 10S3. New Testament (Greek). Londini, apud Richardvm Whittakervm, 1633. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1084. Bible (English). London: Robert Barker, 1634. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 10S5. Bible (English). The 161 1 version. London: R. Barker and Assigns of John Bill, 1634. Svo. Lent by Henry J, Atkinson, Esq. 1086. Psalms (English). The Psalms in Prose and Metre. Edinburgh, 1634; with the title, 1640. i8mo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1 1 6 The Prin ted Bibles in [1635 1087. Psalms (English). Another edition, with the tunes in foure parts or mo. Edinburgh: Heires of Andro Hart, 1635. 8vo. Le?it from the Signet Library. 10S8. Psalms (English). Both prose and Metre. London: by T. C, 1635. i6mo. Lent by W. H. Sheehy, Esq. 1089. New Testament (Greek). London: R. Whittaker, [1635 ?] 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1090. Bible (English). London : Robert Barker, 1635. 4 t0 - Le?it by Thomas Stapteton, Esq. 1091. Bible (English). Douay Old and Rhemes New Testament, 3 vols. Rouen: John Cousturier, 1635. 4to. Lent by Henry White, Esq. For the New Testament see above, No. 1080. 1092. Bible (French). Amsterdam : Laurents, 1635. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1093. Bible (English). Cambridge: T. Buck and Roger Daniel, 1637. 4to. Lent by Hetiry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1094. Bible (English). Edinburgh, 1637. 8vo. Jeremiah, iv. 17. "Because she hath been religious against me, saith the Lord," for rebellious. 1095. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Lugduni, Ex typog. Claudii Devilliers, 1637. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1096. Bible (Dutch). Leiden : Paulus Aertsz van Ravestyn, 1638. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1097. Bible (English). London : R. Barker and Assigns of J. Bill, 1638. Folio. With Psalms. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1098. Bible (English). The Holy Bible [revised]. Cambridge: Tho. Buck and Roger Daniel, 1638. Folio. Lent by the University Press, Cambridge. This, perhaps the finest Bible ever printed at Cambridge, being revised at the time and carefully printed, has served as standard for many subsequent editions. There are, however, some extraordinary errors in it which have led smaller sheep astray. The famous typographical error that is said to have cost Cromwell a ,£1,000 as a bribe in the Roundhead times, is found here in Acts vi. 3, " whom jf may appoint," instead of we, which, of course, clears Cromwell. 1099. Bible (English). London: R. Barker and J. Bill, 1638. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 641] the Caxton Exhibition 117 1 1 10. Psalms (American). The/ Whole/ Booke of Psalmes/ Faithfully/ Translated into English/ Metre./ Whereunto is prefixed a dis- course de -/daring not only the lawfullnes, but also/ the necessity of the Heavenly Ordinance/ of singing Scripture Psalmes in/ the Churches of/ God./ Coll. in./ Let the word of God dwell plen- teously in/ you, in all wisdome, teaching and exhort-/ing one another in Psalmes, Himnes, and/ spirituall Songs, singing to the Lord with/ grace in your hearts./ lames v./ If any be afflicted, let him pray, and if/ any be merry let him sing psalmes./ Im- printed/ 1640./ 4to. Lent from the Bodleian Library. Eight preliminary leaves (Signatures, *, **, in fours) viz. The title, within a light type-metal border, reverse blank ; "The Preface," 12 pp., and 7 lines on the next, the remainder of the twelfth page and the reverse being blank ; Text, "The Psalmes/ In Metre "/' A to Z, and A a to LI 3, in fours, ending with the fourth line on the reverse of LI 3. The rest of that page (LI 3 verso) is occupied with "An admonition to the Reader." On the recto of the last leaf, LI 4, is "Faults escaped in printing," reverse blank. In all there are 148 leaves. Signatures * ** ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTVWXYZ Aa Bb cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh ii Kk l1, in all 37 sheets, or 148 leaves. This first book in the English language printed in America is usually called The Bay-Psalm-Book, from Massachusetts Bay. It was translated by John Eliot, Thomas Welde and others, in Boston and Roxbury, and was printed by Stephen Daye at Cambridge in New England. It is very rare even in America, and this fine clean and perfect copy is believed to be the only one known in Europe. Here is a sample : — O Blessed man, that in th' advice 4 And all he doth, shall prosper well, of wicked doeth not walk : the wicked are not so : nor stand in sinners way, nor sit but they are like vnto the chaffe, in chayre of scornfull folk. which winde drives to and fro. 2 But in the law of Iehovah, 5 Therefore shall not ungodly men, is his longing delight : rise to stand in the doome, and in his law doth meditate, nor shall the sinners with the just, by clay and eke by night. in their assemblie come. 3 And he shall be like a tree 6 For of the righteous men, the Lord planted by water-rivers : acknowledged the way : that in his season yeilds his fruit, but the way of vngodly men, and his leafe never withers. shall vtterly decay. Psalm I. mi. Bible (English). London: R. Barker and Assigns of John Bill, 1640. 4to. Black letter. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 11 12. Bible (English). London: R. Barker and J. Bill. 1640. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 13. Bible (English). London : R. Barker and Assigns of John Bill, 1640. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 14. Bible (Italian). Diodati's second edition. La Sacra Bibbia. Geneva, per Pietro Chovet, 1641. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 8 1 lie Printed Bibles in [1642 1 1 15. New Testament (Greek). Paris: Typ. Regis, 1642. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 16. Bible (second Icelandic). With extraordinary woodcuts. Hoolum, 1 644. Folio. Lent by Henry White, Esq. 1 1 17. Bible (Polyglot). Biblia Polyglotta. Lutetian Parisiorum. Exc. Antonius Vitre. 1645. Large Paper. 9 vols. Folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. The Paris Polyglot, published under the patronage of Guy Michael Le Jay, who rejected Cardinal Richelieu's offer to re-imburse him for the sums spent in the undertaking on condition that the Cardinal's name should be affixed to the Bible instead of that of Le Jay. The first printed edition of the Samaritan appeared in this Polyglot. 1 1 18. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Antverpire, ex officina Plantiniana, 1645. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 18*. Bible Picture Book (French). Figures, &c. Paris: Guillavme Le Be, 1646. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 19. Bible (English). London: Robert Barker, 1647. 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. With a fine view of London on the title-page. 1 1 20. New Testament (French). Le Nouveau Testament (with the metrical Psalms). Charenton, Par Pierre des Hayes, 1647. 241110. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. 1 12 1. Bible (French). Geneve : J. & P. Chouet, 1647. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 122. New Testament (Latin, Vulgate). Colo. Agr. Gualterr, 1647. 3 2 mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 23. Bible (English). Annotations (with text) by Diodati. Second edition. London: Miles Flesher, 1648. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 124. Bible (Latin). Amstelodami, apud Ioannem Janssonum, 1648. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 25. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Vulgataeeditionis. Venetiis,apudluntas et Baba, 1648. 8vo. Woodcuts. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 26. Bible (English). The Holy/ Bible/ Containing the/ Old and New/ Testaments/ Newly Translated/ out of y e Original!/ Tongues, and/ with the former/ Translations dili/gently compared,/ and re- vised/ London I Printed/ by/ Iohn Field/ Printer to the/ Parlia- ment. 1653./ 3 2mo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Title engraved by W. V., reverse blank. Text in double columns, pearl type ; Genesis to Malachi, A 2 to Q q 2 in twelves ; New Testament title is Q q 3 ; Text Q q 4 to D dd 1 1 ; ending with the colophon on the recto. 1657] the C ax ton Exhibition 119 Kilburne informs us that 20,000 copies of this Bible were dispersed. It is full of errors of the press, both by omitting words and sentences, and by change of readings. Many of these errors were corrected, as they were discovered, by cancelling the leaves. This copy possesses about half of the cancels. This edition may be distinguished from the following by the whole of the first four Psalms being upon the recto of folio A a 8, and by the running titles being in capital letters. A very pretty little pearl Bible, measuring 4^ by 2^ inches. Among the typographical errors in some of the copies are such as these : " Know ye not that the unrighteous shall inherit the kingdom of God." — 1 Cor. vi. 9. "Ye cannot serve and Mammon" {God left out).— Matt. vi. 24. 1 127. Bible (English). The Holy/ Bible/ Containing y e / Old and New/ Testaments/ Newly Translated/ out of y c Original/ Tongues, and/ with the former/ Translations/ diligently com-/pared and/ revised./ London, I Printed by/ Iohn Field, Printer to the/ Parliament,/ 1653./ 321110. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Title engraved by L. Lucas, with the names of the Books on the reverse. This is probably a Dutch counterfeit of the preceding. The running titles are in lower case letters, and only the first two verses of the first Psalm are on the recto of A a 4. 1 128. Bible (English). London: J. Field, 1653. 32mo. Lent by He?i?y J. Atkinson, Esq. The edition with the first four Psalms all on one page. 1129. Bible (English). London: John Field, 1653. 32ino. Lent by the Rev. Dr. Gott. It is difficult to find two copies to correspond throughout, there were so many cancels. Very many copies of some of the editions were seized and de- stroyed, so the stoiy goes ; but others say only faulty sheets were cancelled and destroyed. 1 130. Bible (English). London: Giles Calvert, 1653. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1131. New Testament (English). London: Giles Calvert, 1653. 8vo. In same book, Concordance, R. Barker, 1579. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 132. Bible (Greek, Septuagint). Londini : Roger Daniel, 1653. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 33. Bible (English). E. T. [Evan Tyler] for a society of Stationers. London, 1655. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 134. Bible (Latin). Londini: E. T. and A. M., 1656. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 35. Bible (Polyglot). Biblia Sacra Polyglotta. Edidit Brianus Waltonus. Londini: imprimebat Thomas Roycroft, 1657. 6 vols. Large folio. Lent by Earl Spencer. One of the 12 copies struck off on large paper. By Cromwell's permission the paper for this work was allowed to be imported free of duty, and honour- able mention is made of him in the Preface. On the Restoration this courtesy 120 The Printed Bibles in [1657 was dishonourably withdrawn, and the usual Bible dedication sycophancy transferred to Charles II at the expense of several cancels ; and in this, the "Loyal" copy, so called in contradistinction to the "Republican," Crom- well is spoken of as " maximus ille Draco." This is said to have been the first work printed by subscription in England. 1 136. Bible (Dutch). Eerst t' Antwerpen by Jan van Mcerentorf en nu by Pieter Iacopsz Paets, 1657. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Curious engravings by C. van Sichem. 1 137. Bible (English). The Holy Bible. London : John Field, 1658. With Psalms by Sternhold, Hopkins, and others. London : John Field, 1658. 32mo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. The first page of the Psalms in the Bible ends with the second line of the 6th verse of chapter iv. With a fine view of London on the title-page. 1 138. Bible (English). The Holy/ Bible/ Containing the/ Old Testa- ment/ and the New/ Newly translated/ out of the originall Tongues/ and with the former/ Translations diligently/ compared and re- vised/ by his Majesties specall/ Command./ Appointed to be read in Churches/ London,! Printed by John Field, one of His/ High- ness's Printers, 1658./ 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Engraved title (Moses on the left, Aaron on the right, and a view of Lon- don at the bottom), with the order of the books on the reverse ; Text in pearl type, double columns, A 2 to D dd in twelves. 1 139. Bible (English). The Holy/ Bible/ Containing the/ Old Testa- ment/ and the New./ Newly translated/ out of the originall tongues/ and with the former/ Translations diligently/ compared and revised/ by his Maiesties speciall/ Command./ Appointed to be read in Churches./ London,] Printed by John Field one of His Highness's Printers 1658. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. What has been written above about Field's pearl Bibles of 1653 applies equally well to these of 1658. They abound in typographical errors, but owing to repeated cancels, some copies are far less faulty than others. They are collected now chiefly for their errors ; the more numerous and gross they are, the higher the price. 1 140. New Testament (French). With Psalms, 1666. Charenton : Lucas, 1658. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 141. New Testament (Greek). Editio nova. Studio S. Curcellsei. Amsterdam: Elzevir, 1658. 161110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 142. Psalms (Gaelic). The first 50 Psalms and Shorter Catechisme; translated into Gaelic by the Synod of Argyle. Glasgow : Aindra Anderson, 1659. 181110. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1 143. Bible (English). Cambridge, 1660. Folio. Lent by Henry WJiite, Esq. 1 666] the Caxton Exhibition 121 1144. New Testament in Shorthand, by Rich. London, 1660? 32mo. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1 145. Bible (English). London: H. Hills and John Field, 1660. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 146. Bible (Spanish). Amsterdam: J.Atkins, 1660. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 147. Psalms (English). David's Harp strung and tuned. London: William Leake, 1662. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 148. Bible (English). Good plates. Cambridge: John Field, 1663. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 149. New Testament (Syriac). Hamburg, 1663. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 149*. Bible Picture Book (Latin). Theatrum Biblicum. Piscator, 1674. Obi. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1150. Bible (English). London: Bill and Barker, 1665. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1151. Bible (French). Leyde : Philippe de Croy, 1665. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1152. Bible (French). J. A. and S. de Tournes, 1665. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 153. Bible (German, Churfurst version). Die Propheten, etc. Wittem- berg : Balthasar-Christoph Wustens, 1665. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 154. New Testament (Italian). Haerlem, Jacob Albertz, 1665. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 155. New Testament (Italian). II Nuovo Testamento (Diodati's). Haerlem, 1665. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 156. Bible (English). "The Preacher's Bible." Cambridge: J. Field, 1666. 4to. Lent by Henry y. Atkinson, Esq. 1 157. New Testament (French). Beautiful plates. Paris: Francois Muguet, 1666. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 158. Psalms (English). A separate edition of the Common Psalm Tunes. Printed at Aberdeen, 1666. Oblong 4to. Lent by David Laing, Esq. This probably never had a title-page. Q 122 The Printed Bibles in [1666 1 159. Psalms (Greek and Latin). Cambridge: J. Field, 1666. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 160. Bible (English). Cambridge: John Field, 1668. 4to. Lent by Sir Charles Reed. 1 161. Bible (French). La Saincte Bible. Amsterdam: Louis et Daniel Elzevier, 1669. Folio. 2 vols. Lent by Earl Spencer. A magnificent copy on large paper. 1 i6i*.Bible (French). Another copy. Small paper. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 162. Bible (Latin). Col. Agrip. Balth. Egmond, 1670. 321T10. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 163. Bible (English). [First title] The Bible. [Second title] Verbum Sempiternum. Aberdene : John Forbes, 1670. 64to. Lent by A. Gardyner, Esq. A good specimen of the "Thumb Bible," measuring about one inch square and nearly half-an-inch thick ; probably the smallest book in the exhibition. 1 1 64. New Testament (German). Nuremberg: Christoph Endters, 1670. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 165. Bible (English). London: John Bill and C. Barker, 1671. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 166. New Testament (English). J. Bill and R. Barker, 1673. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 167. Bible (English). The Holy, etc. Oxford, 1675. 4to. Lent by the Bodleian Library. The first edition of the Bible printed in Oxford. A very neat and tidy edition, but will not stand criticism. It is full of typographical errors and changes in spelling, punctuation, and the use of italics. 1 168. New Testament (English). London: J. Bill and C. Barker, 1675. 4 t0, Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 169. New Testament (French). Amsterdam, chez la Veuve de Schippers, 1677. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 70. Bible (French abridgment). Paris: Jean Couterot, 1678. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 171. Bible (English). The Holy, etc. By his Majesty's Command. Oxford, 1679. 4to. Lent by the Bodleian Library. The second edition of the Bible printed at Oxford ; a very difficult book to find quite perfect. 1172. Bible (Latin). Colognise : apud J. Naulseum, 1679. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 690] the Caxtoii Exhibition 122, 173. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra. Lugduni, Sumpt. Pet. Guillimin, & Ant. Beaujollin, 1680. Folio. Lent by Henry/. Atkinson, Esq. 174. Bible (Latin). Lonclini, exc. R. Norton, prostant Nath. Ponder, 1680. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 175. Bible Picture Book (Latin). Icones, etc. Genevae : S. de Tournes, 1680. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 176. Bible Picture Book (German). Figuren, etc. Augsburg: Kysel, 1680. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 177. New Testament (French). London: R. Bentley, 1681. 8vo. With Psalms, 1686. Lent by Hetiry J. Atkinson, Esq. 178. Bible (English). Oxford, 1682. With Prayer and Psalms. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 179. Bible (Latin). Colonic : Balth. ab Egmond, 1682. 8vo. Lent by Hetiry J. Atkinson, Esq. 180. Bible (English). Cambridge: John Hayes, 1683. 41.0. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1S1. New Testament (Dutch, French, and English). Amsterdam: S. S. Jacobus's widow, 1684. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 181*. Bible (Irish). Le a Bhuir, etc. The Books of the Old Testament translated into Irish by Dr. William Bedel, late Bishop of Kil- more. London, 1685. 4to. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 182. Bible (German). Ulm, Bey Matthaeo Wagnern, 1688. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 183. Psalms (Gaelic). The Psalms, translated into Gaelic by Robert Kirk. Edinburgh, 1684. i2mo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 184. Bible (Latin). Biblia Sacra Vulgatse Editionis. Venetiis, apud Nicolaum Pezzana, 1688. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 185. New Testament (Swedish). Stockholm : Nicolas Waukife, 1688. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 186. New Testament (French). Amsterdam: P. &: I. Blaeu, 1690. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 187. Bible (Irish). W. Bedel's and W. O'Donnell's Irish Bible, re- vised and printed at London by R. Ebheringtham in 1690. Lent by David Laing, Esq. A small volume for the use of the Highlanders, by the Rev. Robert Kirk, M.A. at the expense of the Honourable Robert Boyle. 124 The Printed Bibles in [1691 iiS7*.Bible (English). The History of the Old and New Testament, with sculptures. London: Richard Blome, 1691. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 iSS. Bible (German). Zurich, by David Gessner, 169 1. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 189. Bible Picture Book (English). London : Richard Blome, 1691. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 90. Bible (English). London: C. Bill and T. Newcomb, 1693. 8vo. Lent by He?try J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 191. Bible, New Testament, and Psalms in Shorthand, by Abdy. London, 1695. i6mo. Lent by George Unwin, Esq. 1 192. Bible (Latin). A Sebastiano Schmidt. Argentorati, J. F. Spoor, 1697. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 193. New Testament (French). Charenton : Collier, 1697. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 1 94. New Testament (French). Amsterdam: P. & I. Blaev, 1697. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 195. Bible (English). With Canne's preface and notes. London: C. Bill and T. Newcomb, 1698. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 196. New Testament (Greek). Amsterdam: Wetsten, 1698. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. With Hebrew Bible, 1701, &c. 1 197. Bible (English). With John Canne's notes. London: Charles Bill and Executrix of Thomas Newcomb, 1700. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 198. Gospels (Greek and Latin). Harmonica Evangelica (J. Clarier). Amsterdam: Huguetanorum, 1700. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 199. New Testament (English and Dutch). Amsterdam, By de Widuwe van Steven Swart, 1700. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1200. Bible (English). Bishop Lloyd's, with additional marginal refer- ences. London : C. Bill and the Executrix of T. Newcomb, 1701. Folio. Lent by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 1201. Bible (German). Nurnberg : Luther, 1702. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1202. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Venetiis : Jacob Bertani, 1702. 8vo. Lent by Llenry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1716] the Caxton Exhibition 125 1203. Bible (English). London : C. Bill and T. Newcomb, 1703. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1204. Bible (English). Oxford : Printers to the University of Oxford, 1704. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1205. Bible (German). Stuttgart: Augustus Metzler, 1704. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1206. New Testament (English). University Printers, Oxford, 1704. 3 2 mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1207. Bible (German). Historischer Bilder Bibel. Augsburg : Kraussen, 1705. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1208. New Testament (English). University Press, Oxford, 1705. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1209. Bible (English). London: C. Bill and T. Newcomb, 1707. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 2 10. Bible (English). London: C. Bill and T. Newcomb, 1708. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1211. Bible (English). The 161 1 version with Genevan notes. Lon- don : [Holland printed ?] 1 708. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 21 2. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Venetiis, N. Pezzana, 1709. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1213. New Testament (French). Paris: Jean de Nully, 1709-10. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1214. New Testament (Greek). Amsterdam: Wetsten, 1711. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1215. Bible (Italian). La Sacro Santa Bibbia. Norimbergo : Mattia d'Erberg, 17 12. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 2 16. Bible (Dutch). Antwerp: Jan Moerentorf, 17 13. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. i2i6*.Bible (English). The Holy Bible [the first edition of the 161 1 version printed in Ireland]. Dublin : A. Rhames, for William Binauld, 17 14. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 1217. Bible (English). The Holy Bible. Edinburgh: James Watson, 1 7 16. 24mo. Lent by David Laing, Esq. 1218. New Testament (Greek). Lyon: Sacy, 1716. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 26 The Printed Bibles in [1 7 1 6 1 2 19. Psalms (English). London : Heptinstall, 1 716. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1220. Bible (English). The 1611 version. Oxford: J. Baskett, 1717-16. Imperial folio. 2 vols. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Nicknamed the " Vinegar Bible," because the headline of Luke, chapter 20 reads, "the parable of the Vinegar" instead of the Vineyard. Of this most sumptuous of all the Oxford Bibles three copies at least were printed on vellum, but as jt was soon after its appearance styled "a BaskdtAwW of printer's errors," its beautiful typography could not save it. Indeed it is now mainly sought by collectors for its celebrated faults. T22i. Bible (English). The History of the Old and New Testament. In verse. 3 vols. 330 sculptures by J. Sturt. London : John Hooke, 1 7 16. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1222. New Testament (Latin). Venetiis, apud Nic. Pezzana, 1720. 3 2m o. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1223. Bible (English). The Holy Bible, &c. By his Majesty's special Command. Appointed to be read in churches. Edinburgh : James Watson, 1722. Folio. Lent by the Signet Library, Edinburgh. This is a choice copy, on large paper, of perhaps the finest Book ever printed in Scotland. 1224. Bible (English). London: John Baskett, T. Newcomb, and Henry Hills, 1723. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1225. Bible (French). Basle : Jan Hoff, 1724. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1226. New Testament (English). London: J. Baskett and H. Hills, 1725. Svo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1227. Bible (Latin). Venetiis, apud Nic. Pezzana, 1727. Svo. Lent by He?iry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1228. Bible (Hebrew). With Italian notes and curious plates. 1730. 4to- Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1229. Bible (German). Kupfer Bible. 4 vols. Augsburg : Scheuchzer, 1 73 1. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1230. Pentateuch (Portuguese). Amsterdam, 1732. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1231. Bible (German). 2 vols. Wien : Georg Lehmann, 1733-34. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 75 6] the Caxton Exhibition - 127 1232. Bible Picture Book (French). 2 vols. Paris: Royaumont, 1736. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1233. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). Venetiis, apud Christophorum Zane, 1737. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1234. New Testament (English). Fifth edition. Rhemish version. 1738. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1235. Bible (English). Oxford: J. Baskett, 1739. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1236. Bible (French). Cologne, 1739. 8vo. Letit by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1237. Bible (German). Sandershausen : Bock, 1740. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1238. Bible (Latin). Venetiis, ex typ. Hertziana, 1740. 3 vols, 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1239. Bible (French). La Sainte Bible, 2 vols in one. Amsterdam: M. C. le Cene, 1741. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1240. Bible (English). London : Thomas and Robert Baskett, 1744. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 241. Bible (Italian). La Sacra Biblia tradotta da G. Diodati. Lipsia, Giacomo Born, 1744. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1243. Concordance (English). A Rational Concordance, or an Index to the Bible. By Matthew Pilkington. Nottingham : George Ayscough, 1749. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1244. Bible (Dutch). Utrecht, etc. : J. van Poolsum, etc., 1750. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1245. Bible (Latin). Ex Castellionis interpretatione. Leipzig: B. C. Breitkopf, 1750. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1246. Psalms (English). A New Version of, &c. Translated by John Barnard. Boston: J. Draper, 1752. 8vo. Lent by the Bodleian Library. 1247. Bible (English). London: T. Baskett, 1756. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 128 The Printed Bibles in [1757 1248. Bible (Portuguese). Old Testament printed at Trangambar, 1757, and New Testament, 1765. Lent by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1249. Bible (Sclavonic). 1757. Folio. Le?it by the British and Foreign Bible Society. 1250. New Testament (Greek). Glasgow: R. et A. Foulis, 1759. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1251. Bible (Latin, Vulgate). 2 vols in 1. Venetiis, ex Typog. Re- mondiniano, 1758. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1252. Bible (English). 2 vols. Oxford: Thomas Baskett, 1760. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1253. New Testament (English). London: A. & C. Corbett, 1761. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1254. Bible (Latin). 6 vols. Vindobons : Joh. Tho. Trattner, 1761. 8vo. Lent by He?t?y J. Atkinson, Esq. 1255. New Testament (Greek). Typis Joannis Baskerville [Birming- ham], Oxonii e Typ. Clarend. 1763. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1256. New Testament (Greek). Typis Joannis Baskerville [Birming- ham], Oxonii, Typ. Clarend. 1763. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1257. New Testament (Latin). Novum Testamentum. Juxta Exemplar Millianum. Typis Joannis Baskerville. E Typographeo Claren- doniano Sumptibus Academiae Oxonii, 1763. Lent by the Oxford University Press. 1258. Bible (Latin). 2 vols. Venetiis, N. Pezzana, 1765. Folio. Lent by LLenry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1259. Bible Picture Book (French). Les Peintures Sacrees, etc. Paris: De Summaville, 1665. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1260. Bible (Hebrew). Cura J. Simonis, Hallae, 1767. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1261. Bible (English). The 1611 version [edited and revised by Rev. Dr. Blayney] with new marginal references. Oxford : Wright and Gill, 1769. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. This and the quarto edition, commonly called Dr. Blayney's Revisions, were adopted as standards by the University Press, Oxford, in 1769, and are still the Oxford Standard with some slight modifications. 1 79°] the Caxton Exhibition 129 1262. Bible (English). The 1611 version [edited by Dr. Blayney]. Oxford : Wright and Gill, 1769. 4to. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 1263. Daniel (Greek and Latin). Romje : Typ. Prop. Fidei, 1772. Folio. Le?it by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1264. Bible (English). Bristol: William Pine, 1774. i6mo. Lent by LLenry J. Atkinson, Esq. With notes at the bottom to be retained or cut off. 1265. Bible (English). London: Pasham, 1776. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. With notes at the bottom of the page to be retained or cut off. 1266. New Testament (Greek). 2 vols, in 1. London : J. D. Cornish, 1776. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1267. New Testament (Latin). A Sebastiano Castalione. Lond. : C. Bathurst, 1776. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1268. Bible (Dutch). 2 vols. Haarlem: Enschede, 1778. 8vo. Lent by Hetiry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1269. Genesis (English). The 51st chapter of Genesis, "Abraham and the Stranger, or the Parable against Persecution." Written in Scripture style by Dr. Franklin about 1769, while residing in London as agent of some of the Colonies. Privately printed by Franklin, at his private press at Passy, near Paris, about 1780. 8vo. Lent by He?iry Stevens, Esq. This is one of the original single leaves which Franklin used to insert in his Bible at the end of Genesis, and read to his friend when they were discussing toleration and persecution. He first gave a copy of it to Lord Karnes in 1769, who had asked Franklin for whatever he had published. Though then pro- bably in manuscript, Lord Karnes first printed it in his " Sketches " in 1774, greatly to the annoyance of the Doctor, because it spoilt his little joke. This copy is much worn and is slightly imperfect, but it is believed to be the only genuine copy known, it having long been used by Franklin himself. The authorship of the chapter and Franklin's part in it are fully told by Dr. Jared Sparks in his Life of Franklin. 1270. Bible (English). 2 vols. Edinburgh: A. Kincaid, 1784. 161110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. With Scotch Psalms. 1271. Bible (English). London: Scatcherd, 1790. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. The notes at the bottom cut off in the binding. R 13° The Printed Bibles in [1792 1273. Bible (English). A curious Hieroglyphick Bible; or select passages in the Old and New Testaments, represented with emblematical Figures, for the Amusement of Youth: the nth edition. London: T. Hodgson, 1792. 121110. Lent by J. F. Thorpe, Esq. 1274. Bible (English). History of the Bible by way of Question and Answer. By Dr. Isaac Watts. Hull: Innes and Gray, 1793. 8v0 - Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1275. Bible (English). 2 vols. Edinburgh: Mark and Charles Kerr, 1795. 161110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1276. Bible (Dutch). Haarlem: Enschede, 1795-6. i6mo. Lent by Henry f. Atkinson, Esq. 1277. New Testament (Greek). Jo. Jac. Griesbach. 2 vols. Londini et Halke, 1 796-1806. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1278. Bible (French). Amsterdam, dies F. G. onder de Linden, 1797-6. 161110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1279. Bible (English). Cambridge : John Burges, printer to the Uni- versity, 1798. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. With Wilberforce's autograph. 1280. NEwTestament (English). From the Greek, by Nathaniel Scar- lett. London: T. Gillet, 1798. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. See curious table of time for reading each book, &c. 1281. Bible (English). University Press, Oxford, 1801. 8vo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Proverbs xxvii. 2, " Let another man praise thee, and to thine own mouth," for not; Zech. vi. 1, "There came forth chariots out from between two mountains," for four, and repeated in the 8vo. edition of 1S10; Zech. xi. 17, "Woe to the idle shepherd that leaveth the flock," for idol; John xx. 29, " Blessed are they that they have not seen," they added ; Rom. xvi. 18, "And by good works and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the simple," for words ; Jiule 16, " These are murderers," for murmurers. 1282. Bible (English). The King's Printers, London, 1802. 4 to. Lent by Hen?y Stevens, Esq. 1 Tim. v. 21. "I discharge thee before God," for I charge thee. 1283. Bible (Welsh). Caerfyrddin : Joan Evans, 1802. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1284. Bible (English). Bristol : Farley, 1803. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1813] the Caxton Exhibition 131 1285. Bible (English). University Press, Oxford, 1804. 8vo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. An Oxford Bible, pre-eminently distinguished for its typographical errors, some few of which are the following : — Numbers xxxv. 18. "The murderer shall surely be put together,'''' for to death. I Kings viii. 19. " Out of thy lions" for loins. Gal. v. 17. " For the flesh lustcth after the Spirit," for against . 1286. Bible (English). University Press, Cambridge, 1805. i2mo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. This is the famous "to remain llible." The reader is said to have had a doubt about a comma, and on sending to the proper authority to inquire, the answer came back that the comma was to remain. On this message being sent up, the foreman, finding the two words written in pencil in the margin, took out the comma and put in the words, to remain, which fortunately happened neither to make sense or nonsense. The passage was in Gal. iv. 29. ' ' Persecuted him that was born after the Spirit to remain even so it is now, " for "Spirit, even so it is now." This same error appeared in an 8vo edition, 1 805-6, printed for the Bible Society, as well as in another 121110 edition of 18 19. 1287. Bible (English). King's Printers, London, 1806. 4to. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Ezekiel xlvii. 10. "The fishes shall stand upon it" [the river] for fishers. Repeated in the 4to edition of 1813 and the 8vo of 1823. 1288. Bible (English). University Press, Oxford, 1807. 8vo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Matthew xiii. 43. "Who hath ears to mr," for hear. Hebrews ix. 14. "How much more shall the blood of Christ purge your conscience from good works to serve the living God ? " for dead works. 1289. Bible (English). University Press, Oxford, 1810. 8vo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Luke xiv. 26. "If any man come to me, and hate not his father yea, and his own wife also, he cannot be my disciple," for life. 1290. New Testament (English). Wycliffe's version by Baber. London: Edwards, 1810. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 291. Bible Picture Book (English). Designs by Thurston and Craig. Engraved by Bewick. London, 1810. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1292. Bible (English). Edinburgh: Blair and Bruce, 1811. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. Said to be the smallest Bible ever printed in Scotland. 1293. New Testament (English). London: R. Edwards, 1811. 32mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson. Esq. 1294. New Testament (Italian). Shacklewell : T. Rutt, 181 3. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 3 2 The Printed Bibles in [ 1 8 1 3 1295. New Testament (Greek). London: S. Bagster, 1813. 321T10. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1296. Bible (English). King's Printers, London, 181 7. 8vo. Letit by Henry Stevens, Esq. John xvii. 25, "Righteous Father, the world hath known thee," not omitted. 1297. Bible (English). University Press, Cambridge, 18 19. i2mo. Lent by Hetiry Stevens, Esq. Malachi iv. 2, "Shall the Son of righteousness arise with healing in his wings ; and shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall," for Sun, and ye shall go forth. 129S. Bible (English). University Press, Oxford, 1820. i2mo. Isaiah lxvi. 9, " Shall I bring to the birth, and not cease to bring forth," for cause. 1299. Bible (English). London: Porteusian Bible Society, 1820. 8vo. Letit by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1300. Bible (English). King's Printers, London, 1822. 24mo. Curious for its typographical errors. Psalm xviii. 50. "And sheweth mercy to his appointed" for anointed. 1 30 1. Bible (English). The King's Printers, London, 1823. 8vo. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Genesis xxiv. 61. "And Rebekah arose, and her camels,' 1 '' for damsels. 1302. Bible (Italian). Bibbia Sacra. Rome, 1823. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1303. Bible (English). University Press, Cambridge, 1826. 241710. Lent by Henry Stevens, Esq. Psalm xlii. 1. "As the heart panteth after the water-brooks," for /tart. This error repeated in the 241110 and i2mo editions of 1S30. 1304. New Testament (Welsh and English). Dolgelley : Jones, 1827. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1305. New Testament (Greek). London: Pickering, 1828. 321110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1306. Bible Picture Book (French). Amsterdam : Jan Luiken, 1729. Folio. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1307. Bible (Italian). Bibbia Sacra (Child's Bible). Naploli, Vedova di Salvati, 1830. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1848] the Caxton Exhibition 133 1308. Bible (Irish). (Bedel.) Dublin : Godwin, 1830. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1309. New Testament (Welsh and English). Rhydihain, 1831. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1310. Bible (English). The Holy Bible, an exact reprint, page for page, of the authorized version published in the year 161 1. Printed at the University Press by Samuel Collingwood and Co., printers to the University. Oxford, 1833. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 131 1. Bible (English). Another copy in Oxford case. Oxford: Uni- versity Press, 1833. 4to. Lent by the University Press, Oxford. 13 1 2. Bible (Dutch). Biblia. dat is, de Gantsche H. Schrifture en Apocryphe Boecken. By der Nedrl : Bybel Compagnie, Am- sterdam. Haarlem, 1843. Folio. Lent from the Guildhall Library. This beautiful stereotyped folio edition in the old Dutch black letter and orthography, with engravings, is the work of Messrs. Enschede en Zonen, of Haarlem. 13 13. Bible (Hebrew). Van der Hooght, & Hahn. Leipzig : Tau- chnitz, 1833. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1314. Bible (English). The King's Bible, printed for presentation to King William the Fourth. Cambridge: University Press, 1837. 4to. Lent by the University Press, Cambridge. 1315. Bible (Hebrew). Van der Hooght, & Hahn. Leipsire : Tau- chnitz, 1838. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 13 16. Bible (English). Douay version. Belfast: Simms & Mclntire, 1839. i6mo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 131 7. New Testament (English). Reprint of the Geneva New Testa- ment of 1557. Large paper. Samuel Bagster, 1842 ? 41.0. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1 31 8. Bible (English). Douay and Rhemes version. Dublin: Coyne, 1846. 8vo. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 13 1 9. New Testament (English). Wycliffe's version. London: Chis- wick Press for W. Pickering, 1848. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 134 The Printed Bibles in [1849 1320. Gospels (English). The four Gospels, published under the superintendence of C. Heath. London, 1849. 4to. Le?it by Arthur George Hockley, Esq. This copy is printed on India paper and mounted on the leaf, to preserve the level tissue paper is pasted round the India paper. Each page is sur- rounded by a border illustration of the contents of the page. The borders and engravings were designed by French artists. The engravings were made ready and worked by the late Mr. Henry Hockley, of Hammersmith, at the printing office of Mr. Strangeways, Castle Street, Leicester Square. This copy is unique, being the only one worked on India paper. 132 1. Bible (English). Wycliffe's version. The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments, with the Apocryphal Books, in the earliest English versions made from the Latin Vulgate by John Wycliffe and his followers; edited by the Rev. Josiah Forshall, F.R.S., etc., late Fellow of Exeter College, and Sir Frederic Madden, K.H., F.R.S., etc., Keeper of the MSS. in the British Museum. Oxford: At the University Press, 1850. In 4 vols. Royal 4to. Lent by the University Press, Oxford. 1322. Bible (English). The Seven Seals Broke Open : or, the Bible of the Reformation Reformed. By John Finch. London : James Rigby, 1853. 121110. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1323. New Testament (Greek). 'H Kai AiaOmri. Novum Testamen- tum. Accedunt Parallela S. Scripturae Loca necnon Vetus Capi- tulorum notatio et Canones Eusebii. E Typographeo Claren- doniano. Oxonii, 1863. Lent by the Oxford University Press. 1324. New Testament (German). Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1864. 4to. Lent by Henry J. Atkinson, Esq. 1325. New Testament (English), with Engravings on Wood from designs of Era Angelo, Pietro Perugino, Francesco Francia, Lorenzo di Credi, Fra Bartolommeo, Titian, Raphael, Gaudenzio Ferrari, Daniel di Volterra, and others. London : Longmans, 1864. Large paper. 4to. Lent by Thomas Long/nan, Esq. Only 250 copies of this most exquisite specimen of English printing and high art were taken off for this original impression, all on large paper. The work was partly set up at the Chiswick Press, and wholly printed by Messrs. Clay. The artists concerned are all named in the work, while Henry Shaw, F.S.A., had the general supervision. On the wall adjacent Mr. Longman also exhibits a large frame containing choice proofs of the title and eight of the finest pages of this New Testament illustrated after the old masters. 1326. Bible. A description of the Great Bible, 1539. . . . also of the Editions, in large folio, of the Authorized Version of the Holy Scriptures. Printed in the years 161 1, 161 3, 161 7, 1634, 1640. By Francis Fry, F.S.A. London, 1865. Folio. Lent by Francis Fry, Esq. 1877] the Caxton Exhibition 135 1327. New Testament (Hungarian). Pesth : Reicharal, 1866. 321110. Lent by Lfefiry J. Atkinson, Esq. Bibles (Eng/ish) exhibited in separate glass case on the stairway, by the University Press, Cambridge. Printed 187 7. 1328. Cambridge Bible. Imperial 4to. Great Primer type, marked in sections wherever any lesson begins and ends. 1329. Cambridge Bible. Imperial 4to. Great Primer type, printed in red and black. 1330. The Lectionary Bible. With Apocrypha. Crown 8vo. Nonpareil type. Marked in sections wherever any Lesson begins and ends. 1 33 1. Bible. i6mo. Nonpareil type, with marginal references. 1332. Bible. Crown 8vo. Minion type, with marginal references. 1333. Bible. Fcap. 8vo. Pearl type, with marginal references. 1334. Cambridge Paragraph Bible. Crown 4to. Printed in paragraphs, the text revised, references remodelled, with notes, and introduction by the Rev. F. H. Scrivener, M.A., LL.D. 1335. The Student's Edition of the above. Crown 4to. 2 vols. Printed on good writing-paper, with wide margins for MS. notes. 1336. Cambridge Prayer Book. Imperial 4to. Double Pica type, with the rubrics printed in red. 1337. Prayer-Book. Crown 8vo. Bourgeois type, with rubrics, &c, in red. 1338. Prayer-Book. Royal 241110. Long Primer type, with rubrics, &c, in red. 1339. Prayer-Book. Imperial 321110. Bourgeois type, with rubrics, &c, in red. 1340. The Complete Book of Church Services. Crown 8vo. Brevier type. Containing the Prayer-Book, Proper Psalms, and Lessons for Sundays and Holy Days, and the Daily Lessons of the Calendar, printed in full. 1 34 1. The Book of Daily Lessons. Crown 8vo. Brevier type. Containing the Daily Lessons of the Calendar printed in full. 136 The Printed Bibles in [1877 1342. Offices of the Church. 8vo. With rubrics, &c, in red. Oxford University Press Bibles and Prayer Books. 1343. Oxford Reference Bible. Royal 4to. 1877. This is the Standard Edition from which all the smaller Bibles are verified. 1344. Oxford Reference Bible. Medium 410. 1875. 1345. Oxford Reference Bible. Post 4to. 1877. 1346. Oxford Reference Bible. Royal 8vo. 1876. 1347. Oxford Reference Bible. Demy 8vo. 1876. 1348. Oxford Reference Bible. Crown 8vo. 1877. 1349. Oxford Reference Bible, with border lines and headings in red. 8vo. 1350. Oxford Reference Bible, printed from old stereo plates. 1876. The only Oxford stereo edition. 1351. Oxford Reference Bible. i6mo. 1877. 1352. Oxford Reference Bible. Fcap. 8vo. 1877. 1353. Oxford Reference Bible. i6mo. 1876. 1354. Oxford Reference Bible. i6mo. 1875. 1355. Oxford Bible. Folio. 1867. 1356. Oxford Bible. Royal 4to. 1873. 1357. Oxford Bible. Medium 4to. 1872. 1358. Oxford Bible. Royal 8vo. 1876. 1359. Oxford Bible. 8vo. 1875. 1360. Oxford Bible. 8vo. 1877. 1361. Oxford Bible. i6mo. 1877. 1362. Oxford Bible. 8vo. 1859. 1 3^>3- Oxford Bible. Paragraph. 1859. 1364. Oxford Bible. i6mo. Square. 1865. 1365. Oxford Bible. i6mo. 1877. 1864] the C ax ton Exhibition 137 1366. Oxford Bible. 241110., with border lines. 1876. 1367. Oxford Bible. 241T10. 1876. 1368. Oxford Bible. 241110. 1877. 1369. Oxford Bible. i6mo. 1866. 1370. Oxford Bible. 241110. With border lines. 1877. 137 1. Oxford Bible. 241110. 1876. 1372. Oxford Bible. 24mo. Thin. 1877. 1373. Oxford Bible. 48mo. Printed by hand at the University Press, 1849. 13 74. Oxford New Testament. 8vo. 1872. 1375. Oxford New Testament. 8vo. 1876. 1376. Oxford New Testament. 161110. Square. 1877. 1 377. Oxford New Testament. 241110., with the marginal readings of 1611. 1829. 1378. Oxford New Testament. 241110., in 12 parts. 1876. 1379. Oxford New Testament. 321110., in 12 parts. 1876. 1380. Oxford New Testament. 321110. 1876. 1381. Oxford New Testament. 32mo. 1876. 1382. Oxford New Testament. 321110. 1876. 1383. Oxford New Testament. 48mo. 1874. i383.aOxFORD Prayer Book. Red rubrics. Royal folio. 1865. 1383/;. Oxford Prayer Book. Red rubrics. Demy folio. 1861. 1383^ Oxford Prayer Book. Red rubrics. Royal 4to. 1875. i383