GIFT OF 
 S- drier 
 
HISTORY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CLASS OF 70 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS, 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 Supplement, 190:5-1921. 
 
 Edited by 
 
 Charles S. Carter, Secretary. 
 Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE CLASS. 
 1921. 
 

 
 
 "'Fading away like the stars of the morning, 
 Losing their light in the glorious sun, 
 
 So do we pass from the earth and its toiling, 
 Only remembered by what we have done." 
 
 GIF, 
 
TO THE MEMORY 
 Of Our 
 
 Departed Class mates 
 
 This Book is 
 FONDLY DEDICATED. 
 
 45G807 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Page 
 
 Dedication . . . 3 
 
 Preface 5 
 
 Poem "Fifty Years After, and Thereafter" 7 
 
 Our Class Letter 29 
 
 Class Meetings 258 
 
 Notes 256 
 
 In Memoriam 253 
 
 Index . 254 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 When the Class of Seventy of the University of Michigan 
 assembled last June, 1920, to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary 
 with a banquet in Michigan Union, it was realized that our 
 numbers were being rapidly reduced and that those who were 
 left were in no condition to stand an old-time rush on the 
 campus. The once stalwart forms and vigorous minds of 
 our members were disappearing, leaving records of life work 
 for the benefit of their children. The subject was introduced 
 and a resolution was offered authorizing and requesting the 
 secretary to consider the plan of getting out a Supplement to 
 our former History, published in 1903, if agreeable to him to 
 do so. 
 
 Steps were taken at once to collect the necessary data for 
 this volume. Time has shown that we did not begin this 
 work any too soon ; for since that lovely June day two of 
 those who took part in passing that resolution, Allyn and 
 Wing, and three others who were too ill to be there, Foster, 
 LeFevre and Whitman ; five in all, have ibid us goodbye with- 
 in a space of four and one half months. Of the seventy-six 
 who received diplomas in 1870, forty-six are now awaiting us 
 in the Better Land ; thirty still linger here. 
 
 It is hoped that the activities of the Boys of '70 shown by 
 their records in our former History and in this Supplement 
 will satisfy our alma mater, our friends and our children that 
 we have been tolerably busy during the past half century, 
 striving to reach the goal pointed out to us by our able in- 
 structors in the long ago. We have kept up the battle of life 
 
6 PREFACE 
 
 through the vanishing- years, and although many have fallen 
 in the struggle our flag is still flying, and we predict that it 
 will continue to fly until the last survivor brings it over the 
 top to our final reunion, when we shall all once more join and 
 move on to a higher destiny. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 
 
 FIFTY YEARS AFTER AND THEREAFTER. 
 
 By Edward Everett Darrow. 
 
 In the Spectator, Joseph Addison 
 
 Presented, some two centuries ago 
 
 In guise of oriental apologue, 
 
 An allegory of the life of man. 
 
 Vision of Mirza was the name it bore, 
 
 To whom while wandering on the Bagdad hills 
 
 (Harun Al-Rashid's realm of wizardry) 
 
 Upon a holy day and musing deep 
 
 Upon the vanity of earthly things 
 
 The Genius loci, unseen, heard before, 
 
 Appeared, as shepherd, playing on a. pipe, 
 
 As wondrously bewitching melody 
 
 As the Pied Piper's of old Hamelin town, 
 
 Of melancholy moving Mirza's tears. 
 
 Seeing, the spirit took him to a rock 
 
 And, from its summit, bade him gaze about. 
 
 The old familiar landscape faded out, 
 
 Left in its place a wide-extended vale, 
 
 Beginning and the ending lost in mist, 
 
 And standing in the flood a mighty bridge, 
 
 Both ends of this, too, shrouded with dark cloud. 
 
 Along it moved a vast, unending crowd 
 
 Treading the bridge, but many all the time 
 
 Fell through and vanished in the wave below, 
 
 On hidden trapdoors stepping or being pushed, 
 
 Some, chasing bubbles and in act to grasp, 
 
 Their footing failed, while others too, with arms, 
 
8 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Rushed to and fro to strike their fellows down ; 
 Some gazing at the skies in thoughtful mood ; 
 Some in the midst of mirth and some in grief; 
 All falling sheer, clutching at straws for life, 
 So, on the bridge, the ceaseless stream poured by, 
 The selfsame way, no traveler coming back. 
 
 Seventy whole arches were there and at end 
 
 There were some broken ones, scarce could these make 
 
 The hundred out, and, hobbling here along, 
 
 Some few who one by one slipped and fell in, 
 
 Quite tired and spent with the long march of life. 
 
 Vision of life from birth to death is here ! 
 
 Fate-driven and doom-devoted seem they all, 
 
 Which lends a solemn grandeur to their march, 
 
 Silent as moving figures on the screen. 
 
 Scant gleam of joy falls on this caravan, 
 
 No sprinkling here of differing age or sex 
 
 Nor family nor happy human life, 
 
 They come in sight, they pass, they disappear ; 
 
 Majestic as Niagara's rapids are, 
 
 Before they slip across the cataract's edge 
 
 (Inexorable as gravitation's law) 
 
 Into the gulf that yawns for them below 
 
 And yet the mist begins to climb again ! 
 
 Classmates of Seventy ; now it's up to us ! 
 
 Those seventy arches, all who're here have passed 
 
 Safe, though not all may say exactly sound, 
 
 Tried them all out, each of us qualified 
 
 To say if vision, thus far, has held good, 
 
 (I speak not yet of our Majority 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 
 
 Who vanished, one by one, upon the road 
 
 And left us to negotiate alone 
 
 The shattered piers that in the Ws He) 
 
 Now clambering on with footing insecure. 
 
 With strength diminished, hearing, sight impaired, 
 
 Battling for life, or only clinging now? 
 
 Or waiting death? some with impatience too? 
 
 Still stumbling on without a chance to reach 
 
 A shore ; each instant liable to slip, 
 
 Flounder a moment, then be swallowed down, 
 
 The last survivor, like Ulysses, spared 
 
 To be the last to make the Cyclops' meal. 
 
 Here you might ask "Why call this thing a bridge? 
 Like famed Venetian Bridge of Sighs that spanned 
 Canal 'twixt Doges' hall and dungeon door? 
 More like the plank that pirates' victims walk 
 With shocking lack of all provision made 
 For adequate terminal facilities. 
 I'm none too keen myself to take the plunge, 
 Though calling back the boy's experience 
 Standing stark naked on the river bank 
 Shearing the call, "Come in ! The water's fine." 
 Yet dreading first chill of the water's touch 
 Delicious though he knew 'twould be when in, 
 Deep as he plunged he knew he'd rise again. 
 Had we some such presentiment as that. 
 Even if not strong enough for guarantee, 
 Cleansed and revivified to issue forth, 
 Think you we'd choose to linger on the bridge? 
 
 Well, there is more to tell, to Mirza shown; 
 For, seeing this, he spoke with troubled mind ; 
 
10 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 "How vain, how wretched is the lot of man 
 
 Tortured in life and swallowed up in death" 
 
 To whom the tutelary spirit said, 
 
 "Fix now thine eyes upon that wall of mist 
 
 "Whereto the tide is bearing all that fall." 
 
 Then the cloud fled and far away he saw 
 
 Innumerable Islands of the Blest 
 
 With flowers and fruits and sparkling waters round, 
 
 And thereon shapes in glorious raiment clad 
 
 With garlands on their heads, passed 'mongst the trees, 
 
 Or were reclining by some fountain's side, 
 
 With ravishing harmony of singing birds, 
 
 Of falling waters, of the human voice 
 
 And instruments melodiously attuned. 
 
 He longed to fly unto those happy shores 
 
 With wings of eagle, but the Genius said : '"' 
 
 "Passage there's none but by the gates of death 
 
 That open every moment from the bridge. 
 
 Millions of islands lie beyond thy sight 
 
 Even beyond imagination's grasp 
 
 The mansions of the righteous, after death 
 
 Assigned according to degree and kind 
 
 Of the perfections of their habitants 
 
 And every isle a paradise for each." 
 
 In such conception of a life to come 
 
 (As in his picture of the life that is) 
 
 We notice Addison ran true to form. 
 
 In contrast sharp but in conjunction close 
 
 He strove to weave into the life ahead 
 
 All noblest joys the clarified sense might crave 
 
 Ours for eternity as recompense 
 
 For troublous, short, and trial life on earth. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 11 
 
 The life's the coming one mere prologue this 
 No occupation joy of doing there, 
 No need for work at least all drudgery gone 
 The Doer did all that to last for aye. 
 
 Such life may not appeal to all of us, 
 
 'Twould not have done so in our boyhood days, 
 
 The hoy wants something doing all the time, 
 
 (A. more constructive, less receptive joy) 
 
 I doubt 'twould ever have pleased Roosevelt. 
 
 Rut have we any better plan in mind? 
 
 With more dramatic action, more detail 
 
 Bryant has followed in his ''Flood of Years"" 
 
 This very apologue of Addison, 
 
 His Flood picks up, sweeps on and overwhelms 
 
 The life it bears but brings it all at end 
 
 Unto those selfsame islands of the blest. 
 
 V Q O, if the major poets whom we know 
 
 (Though sometimes speaking somewhat guardedly) 
 
 Care not to trace the destiny of man 
 
 And circumscribe it to this life alone. 
 
 How dare a Molly make-believe, like me, 
 
 Presume to doubt we too are permanent. 
 
 In the enduring system of the world, 
 
 We too to live through Time's Eternity, 
 
 That part of it that lies before us yet, 
 
 And, in some sort, have lived through all behind. 
 
 You see what lies beyond the Gates of Death 
 Must needs be touched, were there no other ground 
 Than that our Class majority are there, 
 For, if not by them some solution's found 
 And that solution apt to stand for us. 
 
12 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 And any day may come the testing out, 
 
 Which makes it most intensely personal. 
 
 Giving full credence to the life to come 
 
 What is our evidence 'tis pictured true? 
 
 Still something lacks, we wish to see it cast 
 
 In the necessary forms of human thought, 
 
 Time, Space and Manner, the When, Where and How. 
 
 What's the real nature of the change we make 
 
 Is the insistent question on our lips. 
 
 As to the form we'll take when comes the time 
 Our present incarnation drops away 
 There are too many entries in the field 
 For me to back my winner 'gainst them all 
 Millenniums old are some, some of to-day, 
 Others, millenniums hence, may yet appear, 
 And that man would be bold indeed who'd pit 
 His present knowledge against all to come, 
 \Vhether bodied or unembodied we go on, 
 Immediately to wake from death or not. 
 In this world or some other, make our home, 
 Permanent or transient as the case may be, 
 With personality the same or changed, 
 Whether I'll know that I am I, or not, 
 Or what the difference, if any, be. 
 Oblivion's always possible of course. 
 Call it Nirvana, dreamless sleep or plain 
 Extinction, with frank-spoken Henry James 
 (Referring to his brother William's death,) 
 Which cuts the ground from under Joy and Hope 
 But too, from under Pain and Fear as well ; 
 I've kept the dualistic theory 
 Of soul and body, separate entities, 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 13 
 
 It seemed the easier to treat it so, 
 
 But I won't presume to rule the monist out 
 
 For just that point I will refer to Lodge, 
 
 Who says that he's inclined to think the soul 
 
 Will have a body ; ether very like, 
 
 Ethereal body clothe ethereal soul ! 
 
 'Twould seem that this might bring the two in one 
 
 Anything more tenuous mind's not yet conceived ; 
 
 Even the spirit takes its name from air 
 
 And that is ponderable, the ether not. 
 
 Lodge holds to intercourse between the worlds, 
 
 Xo message has come back, to me at least. 
 
 From Classmate or from other friend gone on, 
 
 Xor have I found a way to get them word 
 
 From us, but others may have, I know not. 
 
 The problem of the future's posed at least. 
 
 We'll seek solution somewhat further on, 
 
 Scan first the course before that transfer point, 
 
 But "Michigan" 's the goal that first we'll seek. 
 
 So here's Ann Arbor! and here's "Michigan" ! 
 
 Shall it be old or new that first we greet? 
 
 The Michigan Union? We have share therein; 
 
 And it throws wide its hospitable doors 
 
 To make a home and center for us all. 
 
 For days, together breakfast, lunch and dine, 
 
 Chat or are silent, as the spirit moves ; 
 
 To feel each other's presence is enough, 
 
 Or find a pleasure in the knot of friends, 
 
 In reminiscence, dwelling on the past ; 
 
 Recalling, walking back from Ferry Field, 
 
 Contests in northeast campus corner waged 
 
14 CLASS OF -TO, TMVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 By giants of our own in those "young" days 
 
 \Yhen Blackburn, Gooley, Dawson played the game. 
 
 We wander too along the foliaged streets 
 Seeking old landmarks, houses where we dwelt, 
 The world that bloomed for us in blossom time 
 White as Ann Arbor's green Catalpa blows, 
 That seemed to wait for us this fiftieth year 
 A fortnight past its time to grace our day. 
 
 As Heine, rising from his '"mattress-grave" 
 
 In pain and shadow of approaching death 
 
 Dragging himself round Paris, as he writes, 
 
 For last glance at his idols, at the feet 
 
 Of the Melian Aphrodite of the Louvre 
 
 Sank down and wept, and she, compassionate 
 
 But deeply grieving seemed to him to say 
 
 ''Fain would I help thee but I have no arms." 
 
 Somewhat the same come we this day of days, 
 
 Uncertain lest it well may be the last, 
 
 Seeking our idols of our golden time. 
 
 One seeking this perchance, another that. 
 
 Whose contact might set free the spark to light 
 
 The brain and -heart with all the young-time thrill 
 
 Why, there is Nydia! the Thessalian girl. 
 
 Our Xydia, standing in the statued hall, 
 
 (Born 'neath Olympus, 'neath Vesuvius 
 
 To die, the morrow, though she will not flinch 
 
 She does not see us; it were shame for us 
 
 To ask compassion in her hour of need. 
 
 Day of Pompeii's death and burial, 
 
 Day the caged prisoner of the underworld 
 
 (Blind force of Nature struggling to get free) 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 15 
 
 Long raging 'gainst his barriers broke his chain, 
 
 Shook down the cities built above his head 
 
 Stretched up and found the century-locked door 
 
 High in the mountain side, burst out on world 
 
 Of light and color, odor, breath of life, 
 
 Of sun-steeped groves and vineyards, twinkling sea 
 
 A swift up-growing, towering upas tree 
 
 Of pitchy blackness 'blotting out the sun, 
 
 With rifts of lightning-flashes, strangling fumes 
 
 With showers of ashes traveling fast and far 
 
 While heated rocks came hurtling through the air. 
 
 She's thought for nothing but the work in hand, 
 Her master and her mistress safe to lead 
 From the beleaguered city to the sea. 
 Each she had saved for other, once, this day, 
 (though one to her was life the other death) 
 With eyes unseeing but each other sense 
 Quivering with power, hearing and touch attent, 
 And yet no sign is in that tranquil face ; ,' 
 Trance-like, as though some deity bears her load, 
 She, but the unconscious agent of his will, 
 Her feet, unsandalled, know the way they tread, 
 Her staff relieves them for more delicate touch, 
 Her hand, recurved, assists her ear to catch 
 The faintest sound that might spell life or death. 
 Before the blast her raiment close enwraps 
 Her form, or flies ahead in sinuous folds 
 Perhaps she felt, treading that fearsome way, 
 Phoebus Apollo walking at her side 
 Shaking his father's aegis o'er her head. 
 She'll reach the harbor with her charges both 
 And vessel will take all of them on board. 
 
10 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Finished her task ; naught for her will be left ; 
 1 Jarred from Elysium by her tortured heart, 
 Twice-barred as self-doomed offering to die 
 Could be no worse, and it might give her rest ; 
 She'll seek nepenthe in Vesuvian bay. 
 
 The vision fades ; I leave Memorial Hall, 
 
 \Ve sit at banquet, not uproarious 
 
 Hut quiet, the still waters running deep, 
 
 Strong too, with memories, emotion, love, 
 
 Though "all the guests sit close and nothing lacks" 
 
 'Tis a memorial that we observe, 
 
 A score, the fourth of the old Class, are here, 
 
 Some fewer are the absent living ones. 
 
 It's the first time that our majority 
 
 Is of the "Great Majority" beyond, 
 
 We represent, not constitute "The Class." 
 
 The Class was the great circle, but within 
 
 Was many a smaller one of closest friends ; 
 
 Without the greater ne'er had been the less, 
 
 And in such circles, undisturbed by death, 
 
 Are those whose presence brightens through the years. 
 
 Their personality acts on and on ; 
 
 Had we not known them, clasped them heart and hand. 
 
 How much less fruitful would our lives have been ! 
 
 Another circle too the years have brought, 
 
 The one that had its birth since college days 
 
 In those who each quinquennial strove to meet 
 
 "To keep the altar-fires alive till death." 
 
 We first must recognize with gratitude 
 
 The University, into the sphere 
 
 Of whose attraction all of us were drawn 
 
 Klse we had never formed the Class at all. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 17 
 
 Now all of us have passed the Iron Gate 
 
 That stands at end of three score years and ten 
 
 (So was that milestone styled by Doctor Holmes 
 
 At that Atlantic dinner given him 
 
 To mark the closing of his seventieth year) 
 
 "So when the Iron portal shuts behind us" 
 
 "The glimmering starlight shows the gates of pearl." 
 
 Should we look back or forward for a theme? 
 
 Seek inspiration from the years behind. 
 
 Or in the years that lie before us yet? 
 
 Can either hold the substance of a song 
 
 Made, one from Memory's pictures, one from Hope's? 
 
 The former's- gone and in the record placed, 
 
 Is not the story in the Classbooks writ? 
 
 Original documents by ourselves compiled, 
 
 Clio, not Polyhymnia, handled that : 
 
 Anticipation holds the future still 
 
 But will she build as fifty years ago? 
 
 On what materials will she lay her hands? 
 
 Thou well-beloved Oliver Wendell Holmes! 
 
 Thou vanished singer of a vanished class, 
 
 Thou tuneful bard of Harvard '29, 
 
 Had I the power and gained the free consent 
 
 Emeritus poet laureate shouldst thou be 
 
 Especially for Michigan '70, 
 
 Immortal singer of the college soul ! 
 
 I count thee 'mongst that choir invisible 
 
 Who found their voices, wore their crowns while here 
 
 Not to thy class alone but every class 
 
 And classmate was thy voice attuned to wake 
 
 Undying echoes in responsive soul 
 
18 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Who of all college poets I could name 
 
 So early came, oft spoke and stayed so long 
 
 Strung such a rosary of pearls of song. 
 
 Dear Doctor Holmes, I'll not invoke the Muse, 
 In your last poem here on earth you wrote 
 "Vex not the Muse with idle prayers 
 "She will not hear thy call ;" 
 "She steals upon thee unawares," 
 "Or seeks thee not at all." 
 "For thee her wooing hour .has passed," 
 "The singing birds have flown." 
 
 If so with thee, what could another do, 
 
 Xot known on Helicon nor Parnassus-born 
 
 If wise he'd do what I shall try to do, 
 
 Take thee for guide, follow thy footsteps close. 
 
 Lean rather heavily upon thee too ; 
 
 There is no gleaning on the fields you reaped 
 
 But I shall give thee credit just the same. 
 
 It was the ultimate consumer's gain. 
 
 And thou shalt bring thy Harvard '29 
 
 (Named once the 58 of '29) 
 
 Experience not swords to measure with 
 
 That class of '70 of Michigan 
 
 That followed, after one and forty years. 
 
 Thou art silent ; but 'tis silence gives consent. 
 
 So, Clas c mates, with such escort we proceed 
 He was Class poet, Class-day, '29 
 (James Freeman Clarke was the contestant then, 
 The Keeper of the Class-book through his life, 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-RE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 19 
 
 Amongst his dearest friends while life remained : 
 
 "After the Curfew "was his elegy 
 
 In part: the other part was that of Class) : 
 
 Then came a score of years till '51, 
 
 Frequent class-meetings but no poem read: 
 
 Then and thenceforward, covering '89 
 
 The annual meeting with its annual song 
 
 Or poem, by our poet writ and read. 
 
 "Thirty-sixth Variant of the Old Tune" he called 
 
 The song of '86 : so that of '89 
 
 "After the Curfew," was thirty-ninth and last. 
 
 Take from your shelf the volume read again 
 
 The "Poems of the Class of '29" 
 
 (Such is the caption given to the sheaf 
 
 'Twixt '51 and '77 clasped) 
 
 Bringing Class record near to. the. 50th year: 
 
 How did he treat that subject-matter then? 
 
 Not much with memories of the olden days 
 
 Of books, games, hours of study or of toil 
 
 Instead 'twas their elixir that he chose, 
 
 The precious residue distilled from all 
 
 The associations of those morning years, 
 
 Much gold refined from out that ore of life : 
 
 What themes were they, persistent through his song? 
 
 First Youth, its effervescence, strength and joy, 
 
 "The Boys" runs through that song of '51 
 
 Again and still again we find that strain 
 
 Incorporating all the Spring of life 
 
 Trying to hold and carry it to end : 
 
 And there is Friendship, ripening into Love, 
 
 And its continued emphasis runs through 
 
20 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 As though it were fruition of the life. 
 
 But scanty note of what the deeds they did 
 
 In the long years in manhood's prime till age, 
 
 What fame they garnered or what wealth or power, 
 
 (True, he was poet, not historian.) 
 
 Then through it all, the minor chord still runs, 
 
 The evanescence of the powers of man, 
 
 He struck it early and he struck it hard 
 
 But made himself the target of the notes, 
 
 Before his evening, wrote the "Even-song," 
 
 Age comes or's coming but not yet old age, 
 
 One and another go but still "All here" 
 
 Invisible, they still sit at the feast : 
 
 And then there's Time; personified from start, 
 
 Our oldest friend, who greeted each at birth. 
 
 To travel with us all the days of life 
 
 And hand us to Eternity at end. 
 
 Read farther on: Three groups of poems now 
 
 Will carry you from '77, on 
 
 To '89: official end of class. 
 
 "The Iron Gate": the poems centering round 
 
 Our Poet's 70th anniversary, 
 
 Of Class, the 50th ; poems five of these. 
 
 "Before the Curfew" forms the second group, 
 
 Takes them from '82 to '88 
 
 Seven in number, then, for '89 
 
 "After the Curfew" the last word is writ. 
 
 We'll walk along with them their last decade, 
 (It is the one that lies before us now) 
 What may we learn of these ten years for us? 
 Struggling through the "twenties" for our sixtieth year 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 21 
 
 Shall we arrive and greet it as a class? 
 
 How long was it their last survivor stayed? 
 
 We'll quote more freely as we jog along. 
 
 First quote from "Ad Amicos," '76, 
 
 (It is "The Boys" still and they are "The Friends") 
 
 " 'The boys' we were, 'the boys' we'll be" 
 ."As long as three, or two, are creeping;" 
 
 "Then here's to him ah! which is he? 
 
 "That lives till all the rest are sleeping;" 
 
 "The Last Survivor" theme of '78 
 
 "Yes ! the vacant chairs tell sadly we are going, going fast," 
 
 "And the thought comes strangely o'er me who will live to be 
 the last?" 
 
 "When the twentieth century's sunbeams climb the far-off 
 eastern hill?" 
 
 "With his ninety winters burdened will he greet the morning 
 still?" 
 
 Answer upon all these queries waited one and twenty years. 
 
 Then Samuel May as last survivor stood revealed and dis- 
 appears, 
 
 Saw the sun of 90th summer, but not 90th winter shine, 
 
 In November nine and ninety joined his class of '29. 
 
 Now we're at '79 their 50th year 
 
 Where we were standing in the summer past 
 
 Two poems here "Vestigia Quinque Retrorsum" 
 
 (Eliding rightly you'll improve the rhythm) 
 
 At Alumni Commencement Dinner read, 
 
 "Are these 'The Boys' our dear old Mother knew?" 
 
 "Sixty brave swimmers. Twenty something more 
 
 "Have passed the stream and reached this frosty shore !" 
 
 Second poem "The Archbishop and Gil Bias/' 
 
 How all the frailties of old aee come forth 
 
22 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHKIAN 
 
 Before the merciless inquisitor! 
 How the Archbishop parries and mistakes, 
 Explains, exculpates and extenuates, 
 Gets deeper in with every step he takes ! 
 
 "Before the Curfew' comes in '82, 
 
 The warning that the actual call is near, 
 
 "Not bed-time yet"! How quick the children cry! 
 
 Leave us a little longer by the fire ! 
 
 Play games, tell stories, riddles ask and guess, 
 
 We're afraid to go alone and bed is cold. 
 
 How with us older children at the call? 
 
 As yet unsleeping and still loth to go. 
 
 Questioning how all continued stories end, 
 
 Sitting with friends before the genial fire 
 
 Guessing the riddle of the universe 
 
 I shall not quote : I'd not know where to stop. 
 
 Another year: The "Loving-cup" goes round, 
 
 "Come, heap the fagots ! Ere we go" 
 
 "Again the cheerful hearth shall glow ;" 
 
 "We'll have another blaze, my boys!" 
 
 "Till life and love are spent, my boys," 
 
 "Till life and love are spent. 
 
 Persistent now through two years more that strain, 
 
 Through "Friendship's Girdle and "Anacreon's Lyre' 
 
 Still more insistent grows that theme of love: 
 
 "Not Eros, with his joyous laugh," 
 
 "The urchin blind and bare," 
 
 "But Love, with spectacles and staff," 
 
 "And scanty, silvered hair." 
 
 In '87 "The Broken Circle" comes 
 
 Stonehenere: with columns broken, leaning, prone. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATFRE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 23 
 
 (He'd visited it in the summer past) 
 "So let our broken circle stand" 
 "A wreck, a remnant, yet the same," 
 "While one last, loving, faithful hand" 
 ''Shall live to feed its altar-flame !" 
 
 Xext-last '88 "The Angel-thief 
 
 Who brought our blessings and who takes them back, 
 
 Time's last appearance, no disservice now, 
 
 An angel now to rend our prison-walls ; 
 
 "When gathering rust has clenched our shackles fast," 
 
 "Time is the angel-thief that Nature sends us" 
 
 "To break the cramping fetters of our past" 
 
 "Pries off a bolt and lo ! our souls are free." 
 
 Comes '89, closing their sixtieth year 
 
 "After the Curfew" : Covered now the fire ! 
 
 How could I better do than quote his words 
 
 In part, and leave the comment to your thoughts? 
 
 "The Play is over. While the light" 
 
 "Yet lingers in the darkening hall," 
 
 "I come to say a last Good night" 
 
 "Before the final Exeunt all." 
 
 ********** 
 
 "We come with feeble steps and slow" 
 "A little band of four or five," 
 "Left from the wrecks of long ago," 
 
 "Still pleased to find ourselves alive." 
 
 ********** 
 
 "One breathing form no more, alas !" 
 "Amidst our slender group we see"; 
 "With him we still remained "The Class," 
 "Without his presence what are we?" 
 
24 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 "So' ends "The Boys/' a lifelong play." 
 "We too must hear the Prompter call" 
 "To fairer scenes and brighter day:" 
 "Farewell! I let the curtain fall." 
 
 There comes just one more decade ere the time 
 The "Last Survivor wears that "wreath of stars" 
 There's meeting held at "Parker's" following year 
 But three were present melancholy quite 
 (This the good Doctor in a letter tells) 
 Then at his home for three or four years more, 
 Once four were present fifth would have made all 
 The usual number that was there was three 
 (The data of these later years, gives May) 
 The Doctor stayed through the quinquennium 
 And May to "carry on" the full decade 
 
 And what about our "Keeper of the Book?" 
 The "General Secretary" of the Class, 
 Not merely "kept" it, brought it into fortr^ 
 Made it abiding record of Class life, 
 Then gave to each the opportunity 
 To put in book the story of his life 
 (Would some had been more full, more personal) 
 But that was not the Secretary's fault. 
 He was the "Central" too for all of us. 
 Installed the plant, connected up with all, 
 Even with all charter members (as myself) 
 Who failed to take their final papers out, 
 Wrought out a closer, stronger bond wherewith 
 To fight time, distance and forgetfulness. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 25 
 
 So, full appreciation, heartfelt thanks 
 
 And kindest wishes till his journey's close, 
 
 "May he live long and prosper," long enough 
 
 Up to that psychologic moment when 
 
 The gain in going outweighs gain to stay 
 
 When the Special's ready and the Signal drops, 
 
 The friend would not detain the voyager. 
 
 And forward looking now for 'Seventy's bounds, 
 
 Again I take a leaf from 'Twenty-nine ; 
 
 While Clarke stayed with them they were still "The Class," 
 
 After he went, the curfew bell was struck. 
 
 The Five who've left us since that day in June, 
 They only, know, if they, whether their call 
 Untimely was or not, we mean, for them, 
 (Not but they soon will know if not as yet) 
 How short the time ! How many heard the call ! 
 Two of them sat at banquet with their Class, 
 Two dared not undergo the risk to come 
 We still stay here and plan about both worlds ! 
 What still awaits us here before we're called ! 
 It is ourselves we're to interrogate. 
 First, what about that plant of ours we name 
 The body, is it functioning as at best? 
 Is it our servant yet or master now? 
 How is it with our senses' group of five, 
 That makes connection with the universe 
 Outside the body; sight and hearing chief; 
 Are they still rendering service as of old? 
 Hope used to run with us in college days, 
 Is she still tripping just ahead or gone? 
 And then her stronger, steadier sister. Faith ; 
 
20 CLASS OF 'TO, TMYKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Faith in ourselves, our aims and in our powers, 
 
 Is she beginning to distrust us now? 
 
 And young Ambition too ! Fertile in plans, 
 
 Ready to take the scent and run them down ; 
 
 Have you seen anything of him of late? 
 
 And where is Energy who financed them all? 
 
 Does he still honor drafts we'd like to draw? 
 
 Where too is Memory? Holding fast the gains 
 
 That thought, use, repetition won for us? 
 
 She has a trick of vanishing nowadays 
 
 And takes along some things she won't bring back. 
 
 Are they all leaving us or gone ahead 
 
 Where we shall meet them in the life so near? 
 
 Are we not caught in the tremendous drag 
 
 Of an ebb tide that will not flow again? 
 
 That's drawing every source of power away 
 
 A tide that's ebbing off into the sea, 
 
 Rut well I know that tide the sun will lift 
 
 In water vapor every source above, 
 
 To fall again and run next cycle through. 
 
 Each one of us must quite appreciate 
 
 That ageless holiday of happiness 
 
 Humanity perfected and at goal 
 
 With no more sorrow, no more pain, nor death ; 
 
 But most beliefs have put it far ahead. 
 
 I make no guess at any 'ultimate" 
 
 Where we shall go to when the sun goes out, 
 
 That problem's not a pressing one just yet, 
 
 It's just "where do we go from now and here," 
 
 Is the immediate question for us all. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 27 
 
 Further, "whence did we come to here and now?" 
 For History is the lamp for Prophecy 
 The life behind us throws its light ahead. 
 How link the individual with the race. 
 
 How if we've been here from the very first, 
 That we came from our last life into this, 
 Precisely as we'll pass from this to next 
 To keep returning while the race survives? 
 Just as we had no memory of a life 
 Before, we'll carry none into the next. 
 Unlikely 'tis we shall know each other there, 
 But we shall get acquainted, as this time. 
 (I reason so since no remembrance here 
 Have we of those we knew in previous life. 
 Nor of ourselves as far as that's concerned) 
 Deep is our sadness as on that we dwell, 
 But trust there's way that reconciles it all. 
 Our Poet's "Homesick in Heaven" offers key. 
 To all of us who've loved the life they've lived, 
 How great the privilege to come back again 
 With old and worn-out body changed for new! 
 'Tis well that memory goes not back of death 
 To tell the child he'd seen it all before, 
 'Twould "pluck the heart out of the mystery," 
 The path that winds through far-off centuries 
 Robbed of divinity and pleased surprise. 
 Shall we be born as born before, to grow 
 Insensibly to consciousness of self, 
 So travel on from infancy to age? 
 
 And what for us until that new life come? 
 Adjust our aims to what's within our grasp 
 
28 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 And recognize the failing afternoon 
 
 That grows toward evening when the time to rest 
 
 And yet not quite the time to sleep is here ; 
 
 The time men tell their reminiscences, 
 
 No longer speak of things they've yet to do. 
 
 Unyoked the oxen wander to the barn ; 
 
 Ourselves to house returning, 'neath the trees 
 
 Awhile to sit and watch the fading light, 
 
 Till sleep lays hand at length on brow and eyes. 
 
 With infancy's wonder-opened eyes, we wake. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 20 
 
 OUR CLASS LETTER. 
 
 It will be remembered that at the time of our last banquet 
 before we separated, after receiving our diplomas, the Class 
 passed a resolution to start and maintain a letter to be known 
 as the "Class Letter" ; Adams, the first man, alphabetically, 
 was to write a letter to the Class and send it to Baker, the 
 next man down the alphabet, and Baker was to write an- 
 other letter to the Class, put the two together and send both 
 on to the third man down the line who was to continue the 
 process, and all to do likewise on receipt of the accumulating 
 bundle until it had made the circuit of the alphabet, and all 
 had had an opportunity to read all of the letters. In theory 
 this looked all right, 'but in practice it met with some diffi- 
 culties. It was not easy to keep track of the young graduate, 
 just liberated from a four years' bondage. Even if one knew 
 that he was on the way to Hong Kong, there was no way of 
 telling just how long he would be in getting there, so as to 
 address the letter properly and send it in time ; and i^ the 
 letter should arrive the next day or the next week after the 
 addressee had gone, where would the letter go? The first 
 one started was lost, but a second met with better luck ; 
 though it took several years for it to make the circuit. I be- 
 lieve it went to Europe once or twice chasing up globe trot- 
 ters. It was delayed two years at one time as related by 
 Fearon in his biographical sketch in this book, but it has been 
 preserved. Its several components written by persons now 
 deceased, have been published in connection with biographical 
 sketches of the respective authors, for these reasons : The 
 letters were written to the whole Class and some of the mem- 
 bers have not had an opportunity to see all of them ; and, al- 
 though they may not contain much that is new at th : s late day. 
 
30 ('LASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 yet the tenor, style and peculiar expressions used in them by 
 their authors will revive memories of the departed and of 
 college days which we would not willingly miss. In reading 
 these letters we are carried back to the old time ; we seem to 
 have with us again the same mirthful boys, with their accus- 
 tomed jollity and fun, their unfailing friendship and brotherly 
 affection we are boys again. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 31 
 
 ARTHUR C. ADAMS, A. M., M. D. 
 
 Born at Washington, D. C., April 14, 1847 Died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C., December 31, 1904. 
 
 Mr. Adams continued in his medical practice in Washing- 
 ton from 1903 until his death. 
 
 In his last letter to the secretary he said: 
 
 "Am royally glad to hear from old '70. We see and hear 
 comparatively nothing from members of the Class, but enter- 
 tain the very best wishes for their welfare. A call from one 
 and all would be highly esteemed." 
 
 Second Class Letter. 
 
 Washington, Feb. 26, 1875. 
 
 Dr. Adams presents his compliments to the members of 
 "Seventy," tendering most cordially his services to gratify the 
 "eye and stomach" of any classmate who should be so for- 
 tunate as to visit the Capital City, or so unfortunate as to 
 direct his steps hitherward during the "honeymoon," as 
 Washington seems to be a very delectable place for many 
 such. After leaving Ann Arbor I passed the summer and 
 autumn in Chicago and Evanston. Returning to Washing- 
 ton the following winter, when the study of medicine attracted 
 my attention. Passed two years as assistant in the Freed- 
 man's Hospital. Received the M. D. in March, '73, and have 
 since been administering the healing art in the vicinity of 1102 
 Eighth street N. W. Also occupy the position of visiting 
 physician to the Children's Hospital, and now we are ready 
 to prescribe or operate. Entertain no thought of marrying. 
 I have been in love innumerable times and engaged about ten 
 
32 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 times. I have been concerned in several -births, but medical 
 ethics prohibits further detail. 
 
 Hoping health, happiness and prosperity may accompany 
 every member of '70, I remain, 
 
 as formerly, 
 
 ARTHUR C. ADAMS. 
 
 His son, Louis W. Adams, was graduated from the Mas- 
 sachusetts Institute of Technology in 1903, and at present is 
 manager of the steel works department of the Ashland Iron 
 & Mining Company at Ashland, Ky. He is married and has 
 two boys. His sister, Mrs. Eric Plump, is living at 401 Stuy- 
 vesant Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y., has one daughter. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON ALLYN, A. M., M. D. 
 
 Born in Plymouth, Mich., November 28, 1845 Died at 1030 
 Morewood Ave., Pittsburg, Pa., February 26, 1921. 
 
 Dr. Allyn attended our Class re-union last June. 
 
 He wrote the following only a short time before his death : 
 
 "But little has happened to record since 1903, when our 
 full history was published. 
 
 "In 1906 my wife and I made our third trip to Europe. 
 We took the southern route. We landed at Naples and took 
 the steamer at once for Palermo. It was my desire to visit 
 the scenes of the Grecian settlement on the island and the 
 punic wars of Rome. From Taormina we could look down 
 upon the seashore of Naxos, the original landing place of the 
 Greeks. The visit to Girgenti (the Agrigentum of the Ro- 
 mans) recalled vividly the Roman times and the splendid Gre- 
 cian temples took us back to B. C. 500. On returning to the 
 mainland, we visited Perugia, that old Etruscan town. Here 
 we visited the Etruscan tombs, with the inscriptions which 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 33 
 
 have never been read. We visited several places not visited 
 in former visits. In 1917 and 1918 I made some seventy large- 
 size enlargement of my negatives, which I had made in oils 
 and mounted. These I exhibited in the Art Room of the Car- 
 negie Institute. The exhibition was fully described in papers 
 of the city and several exhaustive descriptions were made of 
 the members. In the spring of 1917 I retired from my work, 
 and my residence, wanted as an outlet to the Carnegie Insti- 
 tute of Technology, was sold. One winter was passed -in 
 Washington, D. C., one in Florida and this winter was passed 
 in Pittsburg. We are in good health at the present writing. 
 
 "GEORGE W. ALLYN." 
 
 Dr. Allyn for many years occupied his vacation seasons 
 largely in making enlarged bromide prints from negatives 
 taken by him during summer outings. These were made on 
 a variety of art papers and tinted in oil colors, being a process 
 standing between straight photography and painting in oil 
 colors. The doctor having been the secretary of the Pitts- 
 burg Academy of Science and Art for years and then its presi- 
 dent, dedicated the bromide prints to the Academy. Dr. Allyn 
 was an enthusiastic photographer. He found great pleasure 
 in completing these works of art. 
 
 A Pittsburg paper speaks of Dr. Allyn's exhibition as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 "The salon of enlarged bromide photographs, hand-colored 
 in oil, Gallery K, Carnegie Institute, the work of Dr. George 
 W. Allyn, is a photographic event. It is an event for artistic 
 picture makers by the photographic art because Dr. Allyn has 
 challenged the criticism of the friends of both 'straight pho- 
 tography' and painting. * * * The finicky photographer 
 will probably say, 'They're not photographs.' The artist will 
 probably say, 'They're not paintings.' Those who admire 
 
34 CLASS OF -70, TXIVKHSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 beautiful pictures, regardless of the medium, will say they're 
 well-made works of art. One, 'Black Head,' a view on the 
 coast at Monegan, Me., is a picture that either the critical 
 photographer or painter would 'be proud to claim as his own. 
 The darkly frowning headland, erect and powerful as a gigan- 
 tic sentinel, has been the joy of some of the foremost painters 
 of the country, whose pictures have been shown in our inter- 
 national salon. It is the sort of bold fascination that brings 
 the spectator back to it for another look. 
 
 "In contrast to 'Black Head,' with its imperial grandeur, 
 is 'Sunshine,' a village street scene in the same vicinity. 'Sun- 
 shine' charms with its simplicity. 'Black Head' commands 
 with its suggestion of potential power. The lines of 'Sun- 
 shine' lull with a reposeful atmosphere 'Black Head' makes 
 one think of a 16-inch gun on guard. What may be called 
 'A Hetzel' is a bit of landscape at Middle Scalp Level, which 
 has been the favorite sketching ground for Pittsburg artists 
 for half a century. But there is more of the Hetzel in this 
 lively landscape than the Scalp Level scenery. The Hetzel 
 composition is there and the dash of Hetzel sunshine lights 
 it in just the right place and the right way. 'Lower Scalp 
 Level' is a fitting companion. 'Morning Reflections' is a view 
 on Chartiers Creek, a mile below Bridgeville, is Dr. Allyn's 
 hint that it isn't necessary to go far from home to find the 
 material for beautiful pictures. This is a charming little 
 brook scene, happy in the arrangement of the trees and por- 
 trayal of the lights and shadows in the water of the fore- 
 ground. It is likewise an illustration of how hard it is for the 
 photographer to get what he wants and preserve the sim- 
 plicity his eye sees. 
 
 " 'Evening' and 'Night,' two pictures of woods and stream, 
 taken at Romnev, W. Va., will be remembered by every one 
 
DKPARTMKXT OF LITKKATI'KK, SCIENCE AND ARTS 35 
 
 who sees this exhibit. The prints are of the same depth, but 
 differ almost as the poles through the coloring. 'Evening' is 
 light and full of life, with brilliant foliage and sparkling light, 
 while 'Night' is simply a duplicate of the same picture put 
 into a dove color key, dark blue. The very weight of a dark- 
 ening atmosphere is felt as well as seen in this picture. The 
 beholder can fairly feel the darkness settling down all around 
 and clinging to him. 'Autumn/ another local picture taken 
 at Chartiers, reminds that Bayard Taylor, the world-traveler, 
 once said the scenery of Western Pennsylvania surpassed in 
 beauty anything in the world. After inspecting Dr. Allyn's 
 home pictures of home landscape, one is ready to agree. 
 'Husking Time' and 'The Frost Is on the Pumpkin' are 
 autumn farm scenes that hold the admiration without the 
 dash and sparkle of the coast pictures or the reflected beauty 
 of the woods and streams. 'The Velvet Pathway' at Monhe- 
 gan, Me., is carpeted with beautiful lichens and leads through 
 cathedral woods to an extended view of the acean. The com- 
 position is admirable. 'Fern Glen/ also at Monhegan, Me., 
 is a much-admired piece of woods interne. 'Fern Glade/ in 
 the same locality, a little ravine, cool and shady, down which 
 the waters of the passing shower trickle between its rocks 
 and mosses. 'White Head/ Monhegan, Me., shows how 'The 
 breaking waves dashed high on a stern and rock-bound coast/ 
 'A Roller' is the reward of the extremely difficult job of get- 
 ting a satisfying picture of the dash and smash of a 'roller' 
 against the rocks crowding down to the very water's edge. 
 There is the wave, the rocks, the spray the picture. The 
 waves have met a resistance greater than their own after an 
 unimpeded sweep of 2,000 miles. 'The Washerwoman' is 
 another breaker scene at Monhegan, where the water mounts 
 to 200 feet in the air at times. 'Across the North Harbor/ 
 
36 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 same locality, is a pleasing composition with many features 
 of unusual artistic values. 'Transept of Lincoln Cathedral/ 
 'Choir of Lincoln Cathedral' and 'Xicola Pisano's Pulpit at 
 Pisa, Italy/ are unusual bits of architectural photography. 
 The Pisano pulpit is the first sculpture after the Dark Ages. 
 Other church sculpture is pictured at other Italian cathedrals. 
 St. Mark's, Venice, is shown in an across-the-bay view." 
 
 A Pittsburgh paper of February 27, 1921, contained the 
 following notice of his death : 
 
 "Dr. George W. Allyn, physician and Civil War veteran, 
 died yesterday at his home, 1030 Morewood avenue. Dr. 
 Allyn was born November 28, 1845, in Plymouth, Mich. He 
 graduated from the University of Michigan in the scientific 
 and medical departments. When the Civil War began he 
 enlisted in the Navy and was assigned to the lower Mississippi 
 squadron, where he remained until the war closed. Dr. Allyn 
 came to Pittsburgh in 1878, taught natural science in the 
 High Schools for six years, practicing medicine at the same 
 time. In 1884 he began his specialty of eye and ear work and 
 continued this practice until 1917. 
 
 "He was at one time president and secretary of the Acad- 
 emy of Science and Art, Carnegie Institute of Technology, a 
 member of the Allegheny Medical Society, the State Medical 
 Society, the Otological Society, the Ophthalmological Society 
 and Post No. 259, G. A. R. He leaves his widow and a 
 brother, Dr. H. S. Allyn, of Brazil." 
 
 "The Bulletin," the organ of the Academy of Science at 
 Pittsburgh, said : 
 
 "Death of Dr. Allyn. We regret to record the death of 
 Dr. George W. Allyn. He was one of the most faithful and 
 useful members that the Academy has ever had serving as 
 Secretary and President, being largely instrumental in the 
 
DEPARTMENT or LITER ATT UK, HriExrE AND ARTS 37 
 
 formation of several sections, among them the Photographic 
 section. In a very real sense the Annual Photographic Salon 
 is and will be a memorial to Dr. Allyn." 
 
 MARCUS BAKER, A. M., LL. D. 
 
 Born at Kalamazoo, Mich., September 28, 1849 Died at 
 Washington, D. C., December 12, 1903. 
 
 The first Class letter was started by Adams, but went 
 astray and never showed up. The Class spirit, always pos- 
 sessed by Baker, induced him to start another, as follows: 
 
 University of Michigan, 
 Ann Arbor, Dec. 10, 1871. 
 Dear Classmates: 
 
 The Class letter seems to have had 'but sorry success thus 
 far, but yet it is hardly worth while to cry "quarter" and give 
 up beaten. Adams started the letter as per agreement shortly 
 after Commencement, and I forwarded it to Baldwin and have 
 never heard from it. As Adams has not started another, I 
 take the liberty of doing so, for I feel very anxious to have 
 the matter carry. And, being the first to write, pardon me 
 for urging that each one, upon the receipt of this, immediately 
 forward to the successor, with the request that he acknowl- 
 edge the receipt of it. so that if at any time it shall miscarry, 
 it may be known and reported to Carter or the "Chronicle." 
 
 By a little care on the part of each one, we can get this 
 epistle through Uncle Sam's mail bags and receive much 
 enjoyment. For '70's sake, make it a success. 
 Very cordially yours in '70, 
 
 M. BAKER. 
 
 The last thirty years of Mr. Baker's active life was spent 
 in the employ of the Government. His labors in the U. S. 
 
38 CLASS OF 'TO, TXIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Coast Survey took him to Alaska in 1873, which were followed 
 by work in the geological field. Mr. Baker was cartographer 
 of the Venezuelan Commission and accompanied the Com- 
 mission to Paris. When the Carnegie Institution was 
 founded at Washington, Mr. Baker prepared the articles of 
 incorporation, and was made its assistant secretary and served 
 in that capacity until his untimely death. From the time of 
 his permanent settlement in Washington in 1875, Mr. Baker 
 became deeply interested in its various scientific activities. 
 He was secretary and afterwards president of the Washington 
 Philosophical Society and at one time was member of the 
 governing boards of four of the smaller scientific organiza- 
 tions. 
 
 JOHN ALBERT BALDWIN, A. B. 
 Born at Detroit, Mich., June 27, 1847. 
 
 Address : Los Gatos, California. 
 
 The last letter mailed to Mr. Baldwin within two or three 
 months was returned with the memorandum, "Not found." 
 Until then it was supposed he was still living at Los Gatos, 
 Cal., where he had been residing since 1887. 
 His Class letter was as follows: 
 
 Union Theological Seminary, 
 
 New York, Dec. 15, '71. 
 
 Dear Brothers in '70: . 
 
 You see from the heading of this epistle that I am in the 
 great Metropolis. I left my native burgh (Detroit) in the fall 
 of '70 and have been here most of the time. The entire course 
 here is three years, of which 1 have completed one-half. 1 
 hope this Class letter will have a rapid circulation, and upon 
 him who holds this letter may the everlasting furies of Tar- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-RE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 39 
 
 traus blow dust in his eyes. May the second start be a suc- 
 cessful one, and each man write immediately. 
 Ever yours in '70, 
 
 JOHN A. BALDWIN. 
 
 CHARLES BALLENGER, A. B. 
 
 Born at Williamsburg, Wayne Co., Ind., September 28, 1846 
 Died at Indianapolis, Ind., March 13, 1881. 
 
 Following was his Class letter: 
 
 Cambridge City, Ind., Dec. 25, 1871. 
 
 Dear Classmates: 
 
 The Class letter reached me Saturday evening, contain- 
 ing two letters, one from Baker and one from Baldwin. I 
 learned a great deal about Baker from his letter. 
 
 I spent the summer of 1870 on my father's farm near Wil- 
 liamsburg. Was married August 25, 1870, to Miss Jennie 
 Lamb, taught school at Emory, Ind., in the fall and winter of 
 1870, began the study of law the 1st of February, 1871, at my 
 father's. Moved to this place, Cambridge City, September 
 19th, 1871, and now am reading and practicing with my 
 brother. I have a very fine little boy about four months old, 
 whom I suppose to be the "Class boy." If circumstances per- 
 mit, I hope to exhibit him at the Class reunion in '73. His 
 name is Walter Sylvester Ballenger. I like the law and am 
 rushing it with about all the energy I have. Life with me 
 passing along pleasantly and happy. Now, dear Classmates, 
 permit me to say that the man of '70 who isn't married in five 
 years after graduation at A. A. isn't half a man. I hope this 
 
40 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 letter will be kept going rapidly until the reunion in '73, when 
 we can arrange to start a new one. 
 
 Ever yours, 
 
 CHAS. BALLENGER. 
 
 This is Christmas. May it be merry to you all. 
 
 C. B. 
 
 A letter was written to Walter Sylvester Ballenger at 
 Indianapolis, Ind., recently, asking as to his activities, but no 
 reply has been received up to the time of going to press. It 
 is understood that he is doing well in business there. 
 
 HENRY HOYT BARLOW, A. B. 
 Born at Hastings, Mich., June 10, 1850. 
 
 Address: Coldwater, Mich. 
 
 Mr. Barlow continues in his successful practice of the law 
 at Coldwater, Mich. He and his wife were present at our 
 Semi-centennial Re-union last June. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 41 
 
 GEORGE WILLIAM BATES, A. M. 
 Born at Detroit, Mich., November 4, 1848. 
 
 Address: Dime Bank Building, Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Mr. Bates has devoted his life to the arduous and success- 
 ful practice of law at Detroit, where he has hosts of friends. 
 He never misses a Class Re-union. 
 
 PROFESSOR WOOSTER WOODRUFF BEMAN, A. M., 
 
 LL. D. 
 
 Born at Southington, Hartford Co., Conn., May 28, 1850. 
 
 Address: Ann Arbor, Mich. 
 
 Professor Beman still continues at the head of the Depart- 
 ment of Mathematics of the University. Is a member of the 
 American Mathematical Society, London Mathematical So- 
 ciety, Deutsche Mathematiker Vereinigung, Circolo Matemat- 
 ico di Palermo, Italy, fellow A. A. A. S., member of Phi Beta 
 Kappa, Treasurer of Michigan Baptist Convention for many 
 years, was member of executive committee Northern Baptist 
 Convention, 1910-16, of Federal Council Churches of Christ in 
 America, 1916-1920. 
 
 Joint author (with David Eugene Smith) : 
 
 Plane and Solid Geometry, 1895; Higher Arithmetic, 1897; 
 Famous Problems of Elementary Geometry (from the Ger- 
 man of Klein), 1897; New Plane & Solid Geometry, 1899; 
 
42 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Elements of Algebra, 1900; A Brief History of Mathematics 
 (from the German of Fink), 1900; Sundara Row's Geometric 
 Exercises in Paper Folding (revision), 1901; Academic Alge- 
 bra, 1902. 
 
 Sole author: 
 
 Continuity & Irrational Numbers ; 
 
 Nature & Meaning of Numbers (from the German of Dede- 
 kind), 1901. 
 
 The regents of the University of Michigan at their recent 
 meeting adopted resolutions on the completion of 50 years of 
 continuous teaching in the university, which has been ac- 
 complished by Prof. W. W. Beman. The resolutions follow : 
 
 "Whereas, W. W. Beman, a graduate of the college of lit- 
 erature, science and the arts of the University of Michigan 
 with the class of 1870, has been a member of the teaching 
 staff of that college for 50 continuous years and since 1887 
 head of the department of mathematics. 
 
 "Whereas, he has been a teacher of scholarly interests, 
 whose work has been successful to a rare degree, and 
 
 "Whereas, he has ever been untiring in his devotion to the 
 best interests of his alma mater, therefore, be It 
 
 "Resolved, that the regents of the university congratulate 
 Prof. Beman upon the happy completion of this one-half cen- 
 tury of university service and express to him their full ap- 
 preciation of the work which he has done." 
 
 The Class of '70 is under very many obligations to Pro 
 fessor Beman and wife for their kindness and generosity in 
 repeatedly entertaining us at their charming home on E. 
 Kingsley street, Ann Arbor, on the occasions of our re-unions. 
 These receptions have been especially delightful to our ladies 
 who have accompanied us on these pleasant journeys. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 43 
 
 JUDSON SLATFORD BIRD, C. E. 
 
 Born at Ann Arbor, Mich., October 9, 1846 Died at Wash- 
 ington Co., Kan., March 19, 1882. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Jackson, Mich., March 30, 1872. 
 
 Dear Classmates : 
 
 The above letterhead shows about what I am engaged in 
 now (engineering and map-making). My life has been a busy 
 one since I left Ann Arbor. For the first nine months after 
 graduating I published city maps under the firm name of 
 Taylor & Bird ; was then appointed City Engineer for the City 
 of Jackson, Mich., which position I still have. I have worked 
 up a good business outside of my official duties and have com- 
 bined with our classmate, Mickle, in a state agency for an 
 iron bridge company and we are doing first rate. Bird, Mickle 
 and Waters are publishing city maps at the rate of one city 
 per month. Altogether our corps numbers nine men. You 
 can count on my being at that little fight in Ann Arbor in 
 '73 over the cups. I feel proud that our class is multiplying 
 so rapidly and feel sorry I have no part in the matter. 
 
 Yours in '70, 
 
 J. S. BIRD. 
 
 Mrs. Mary E. Bird, widow, is now with their daughter, 
 Mrs. K. G. Westfall, 3616 South Logan Street, Denver, Colo- 
 rado. 
 
 Miss Cora Bird, sister of our classmate, whom many of 
 the class remember out in the old peach farm near A. A., died 
 
44 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 April 9, 1920. Mrs. Jane Bird, mother of our "Jed" Bird, died 
 November 29, 1907, at the ripe old age of 83 years. She was 
 born in Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England, October 6, 1824. 
 Miss Jennie L. Bird, her daughter, is still living on the old 
 Peach Hill farm. 
 
 JULIUS ABIRAM BLACKBURN, A. M. 
 
 Born in Town of Gaines, Genesee Co., Mich., February 23, 
 1847 Died at Manchester, Mich., April 25, 1876. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y., April 4, 1872. 
 
 Dear Classmates of '70: 
 
 Class letter received last night, and contents read 
 with much pleasure. With a desire to hasten this encyclical 
 letter, I take time, which does not probably belong to me, in 
 order to write. Since graduation, I have rejoiced in the title 
 of "Brisk, Wielder of the Birch." In September, 1870, I was 
 called to the charge of the High School of Clannahan, Illinois, 
 where I was initiated in the work of teaching and was taught 
 to feel the awful importance and responsibility of the peda- 
 gogue. At the close of the school year, I resigned my posi- 
 tion and accepted a better one as principal of No. 3 Grammar 
 School of Buffalo, where I am now engaged, but expect soon 
 to go W r est to take a still better position which has been ten- 
 dered me. I find my position fraught with hard work, though 
 interspersed with enough of the amusing and ridiculous to 
 take off the curse. I chanced one day to go into my Primary 
 Department to inform the little ones that the next day was 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SOIENTE AND ARTS 45 
 
 Thanksgiving and consequently a holiday. I undertook to 
 give them some idea of the nature of the holiday and stated 
 to them that, by a proclamation of the President of the United 
 States it was made general throughout the country. It then 
 occurred to me that it might be well to test them a little as 
 to their knowledge of the Chief Executive of the nation. Ac- 
 cordingly I asked them who was President of the United 
 States. Well, several guesses were made, but no one seemed 
 to know. Finally a little girl over in the back part of the 
 room held up her hand, and in a piping voice called out: "I 
 know, Mr. Blackburn." Well," said I, "who is it?" "Jesus 
 Christ," she shouted (exit Blackburn, holding his sides). 
 
 This is one of the many ridiculous occurrences in the ex- 
 periences of a teacher. 
 
 No marriages as yet in my experience and consequently 
 no births. I hope this circular letter may meet with no mis- 
 haps, but on the contrary that it may make the circuit quickly, 
 and I shall look for its return to me with much interest and 
 pleasure. In conclusion, I join with imprecations upon the 
 man, who, by neglect or carelessness diverts or delays it in 
 its ecliptic (Figaro). 
 
 In the bonds of '70, 
 
 J. A. BLACKBURN. 
 
4(> CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 JAMES HARRISON BLANCHARD, A. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Niles, Mich., December 6, 1846 Died at Los Ange- 
 les, Cal., January 24, 1918. 
 
 "Mr. Blanchard was nominated as candidate for governor 
 of the State of California on the Prohibition ticket in 1906. 
 Our classmate, John S. Mailman, wrote under date of Janu- 
 ary 25, 1918: 
 
 "For some few years last past, Blanchard had ceased from 
 hard work. I called at his office a few weeks ago for a little 
 chat. He looked pale and thin some internal disorder had 
 weakened him. He was a fine character ; all his leanings were 
 towards the lofty, pure and noble things. He labored to that 
 end in temperance and church lines, even to preaching on the 
 public streets of the city. His wife, lately deceased, was 
 noted for her labors in the affairs of women and children. 
 This leaves me the sole survivor of the class of '70 in these 
 parts. Jones, Wells and Blanchard, having gone hence, await- 
 ing above, let us hope, another happy re-union of dear old 
 'TO." 
 
 His Class Letter. 
 
 Ann Arbor, April 10, 1872. 
 
 Dear Classmates of '70: 
 
 The Classic City still holds me. The sacred walls of alma 
 . mater have until very recently protected me from the chilling 
 blasts of the outside world. Life begins to look real ami 
 earnest ; am simply taking breath for the future. 
 
 For the past year and a half have been engaged in the study 
 of, law and beg leave to state to the unfortunates of '70 that 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 47 
 
 "Marriage and Divorce" has been my specialty and am now 
 ready to free any of those who have formed any unpleasant 
 relations by a divorce a mensa et thoro or divo'rce a vinculo. 
 Large retainers are, however, necessary before anything is 
 done. 
 
 Am glad to hear of the unprecedented success of all my 
 classmates. 
 
 Yours without a tear till '73, 
 
 JAMES H. BLANCHARD. 
 
 CLARENCE MORTON BOSS, M. E. 
 
 Born in Town of Pittsfield, Washtenaw Co., Mich., January 
 
 2, 1850. 
 
 Address: 4029 E. Superior St., Duluth, Minn. 
 
 In the previous volume of the Class History, Boss was left 
 in the Sudbury mining district of Canada. During the winter 
 of 1902-3 the Algoma Commercial Co., suspended operations 
 at all their mining properties, including the Elsie mine at 
 which Boss was employed as superintendent, and he returned 
 to his home at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. After a short rest he 
 took up the work of consulting mining engineer and was en- 
 gaged in examining and reporting on mining prospects in 
 Canada, east and north of Lake Superior. 
 
 In December, 1903, a trip was made to northern Montana 
 to examine some mineral claims near Li'bby in the Kootenai 
 river district. Returning from Montana he was sent to east- 
 ern Quebec, Canada, to report on some more deposits. 
 
 In the fall of 1904, accompanying a Canadian survey party, 
 he enjoyed a very interesting canoe trip through the northern 
 
48 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 wilds, going up the Ottawa river and over the height of land, 
 then down Abitibi lake and river to the vicinity of Hudson 
 Bay. This trip occupied two months. 
 
 The winter following he superintended some shaft sinking 
 on iron prospects north of Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. 
 
 In June, 1905, he passed a civil service examination and was 
 appointed a government inspector of dredge work, and spent 
 the summer checking up the work of dredges employed in the 
 widening and deepening of the river channel in the vicinity 
 of Sault Ste. Marie. 
 
 In October, 1905, he was engaged by the Canadian Copper 
 Co., to superintend the development of a new nickel property 
 in the Sudbury district. This work was a success, and a 
 permanent desirable situation seemed assured, but it would 
 involve moving his family there for a home. The thought of 
 bringing up his children in a foreign land became so repug- 
 nant that in March, 1906, he resigned his position and came 
 to Duluth, Minn., and entered the employ of the Oliver Iron 
 Alining Co., the mining subsidiary of the U. S. Steel corpora- 
 tion. 
 
 He was given charge of diamond drill prospecting on the 
 then newly discovered Cuyuna iron range, and remained there 
 until April, 1907. He was then sent to the little village of 
 Pyrites, in northern St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., to investigate 
 and experiment with a deposit of iron pyrites in that vicinity. 
 He completed this work in April, 1908, and returned to the 
 Duluth office for the summer. 
 
 On Sept. 1, Boss was appointed to the newly created office 
 of mine inspector for the properties of the company in the 
 Michigan mining districts, to look after safety, sanitation and 
 general mining conditions, reporting to the Duluth office 
 monthly. The duties of this office were followed until Sep- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 49 
 
 tember, 1909, when he was transferred to the Minnesota dis- 
 trict to take tip the same line of work, which he has continued 
 to date. 
 
 The Oliver Iron Mining Co. has approximately thirty mines 
 and pits in the Minnesota district in operation at all times, 
 and inspection visits are made to each of these at least once 
 in each month. The work is somewhat in routine at present 
 but with all very interesting. 
 
 For a number of years the widely varying localities to 
 which his occupation seemed to call him deprived Boss of 
 much of the pleasures of home life. His family remained at 
 the home at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., until he went to Pyrites, 
 N. Y., in the spring of 1907, when they moved to Detroit, 
 Mich., for a year, where his son, Alward, completed his course 
 in manual training in the Thomas Normal Training school. 
 
 On his return to Duluth in 1908, Boss brought his family 
 there and established a permanent home. His son, Alward, 
 after graduating in Detroit, was instructor in manual training 
 at Blees Military Institute in Missouri, and at Niagara Falls, 
 N. Y., finally going to Prescott, Ariz., to take charge of that 
 work in the public schools there. At the close of his first 
 year in Prescott, he married Florence Troy Jones, daughter 
 of a prominent citizen, and settled down to steady work with 
 the schools there. Four children have come to him, and his 
 home life is a very happy one. After eight years of service 
 in Prescott. he moved to Bisbee, Ariz., to take up the same 
 line of work. 
 
 Boss' daughter, Mary Agnes, graduated from the Duluth 
 High School in 1914, and completed a course in Domestic 
 Science at Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis., in 15)16. She 
 has since remained in Duluth. 
 
 In the spring of 1917, Boss and his wife enjoyed a trip to 
 southern California, visiting various points of interest, and 
 
50 TLASS or 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 on their return trip spending several days with their son and 
 family at Prescott, Ariz. They also visited the wonderful 
 Grand Canyon of the Colorado. 
 
 The great grief of a lifetime came to Boss in February, 15)10, 
 when his beloved wife passed away after an illness of two 
 months, leaving a void that cannot be filled in this life. Since 
 that time strenuous attention to work serves to divert his 
 mind, and time will sooth the wound. He maintained his 
 comfortable home in Duluth, with his daughter, Mary Agues, 
 as housekeeper. 
 
 Although not quite so sprightly as in the past, Ross still 
 retains sufficient physical vigor to expect to remain in the 
 harness for several years yet. He enjoys fishing and shooting 
 in season, and takes great interest in baseball and all athletic 
 sports. He has attended all the reunions of '70 since the 
 vigitenial, and is planning on renewing the old associations 
 again in 1925. 
 
 Duluth, Minn., September, 190. 
 
 REV. FRANKLIN BRADLEY, A. M. 
 
 Born at Chatham, 10 miles south of Springfield, 111., June 4, 
 1845 Died at Clarkston, Mich., May 22, 1916. 
 
 Mr. Bradley's latter years were passed under the cloud of a 
 great bodily affliction. To those of his classmates and other 
 friends who were informed as to its nature, the loveliness of 
 his Saintly character shone forth clear and bright under the 
 conditions of his severe trials like a star of the first magnitude. 
 In spite of his growing infirmities and loss of strength, Mr. 
 Bradley continued faithful to his charge, showing great de- 
 votion to his life work and astonishing fortitude in his sup- 
 pression with a smile and without a murmur, the sharp pangs 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 51 
 
 of physical pain which from time to time reminded him of his 
 misfortune. He commanded the deepest sympathy of the en- 
 tire class. 
 
 On June 15, 1915, he wrote what proved to be his last letter 
 to the Class. It is here printed in full. 
 
 "As the days draw near for the gathering of the Class forty- 
 five years after graduation, the longing to be with you grows 
 on me, but it cannot be so. I send my greetings and assure 
 you that in spirit I shall be with you. I want to thank the 
 members of the Class for their interest in me and for the 
 cheering encouraging letters several have written me. I have 
 not felt able to answer all, but have certainly appreciated them. 
 After 42 years in the active ministry I was retired last Sep- 
 tember. We have a pleasant little home in this village of 
 Clarkston, situated among the lakes and the hills of Oakland 
 County, Mich. I have had relief but am not cured. I have 
 enjoyed my life work and would be glad to continue longer 
 in it. I am trying to keep sweet and submissive and am find- 
 ing the comfort and sustaining grace of God sufficient. The 
 years are passing with us all. but life has been worth the liv- 
 ing and I am sure we have all tried to make good. In mind 
 I shall shake hands with you all and wish you all God speed 
 in the journey still before you. There has been much of lov- 
 ing fellowship cementing us together during our student 
 years and the years that have followed, and I am sure it will 
 continue to mature and be more manifest when we go on into 
 the fuller life of the future. I would be with vou to see your 
 faces and hear your voices and grasp your hands and have 
 a share in the sones and the cheer. My heart will be there 
 though it seems a long way to Ann Arbor. 
 
 Cordially Your Classmate, 
 
 FRANKLIN BRADLEY." 
 
52 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 THOMAS HARPER BUSH, A. B. 
 
 Born at Tremont, near Pekin, Tazewell Co., 111., April 3, 1847 
 Died at Chicago, 111., March 29, 1887. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Geneseo, Illinois, 
 
 May 27, 1872. 
 Dear brothers and sisters: 
 
 My autobiography is as follows : 
 
 July 13, '70, sailed from New York, visited Great Britain. 
 Winter of '70-'71, at Leipzig with Scott, Moses and Prof. 
 D'Ooge. Spring of '71 went south via Berlin and Vienna to 
 Italy, there two months, one of them at Rome. In June went 
 north via Munich to Heidelberg. In August walked over 
 Switzerland. In September returned home by way of Paris. 
 Law lectures at A. A. under the maternal roof until holi- 
 days of '71-72. Since then in the office of an uncle at this 
 place, reading my 50 pages per day of Kent, Mark Twain, etc., 
 etc. Expect to be at A. A. again next winter and to see the 
 excitement at Commencement '73. Shall not marry until after 
 that event. 
 
 To my dear nephew, Walter Sylvester Ballinger, I hereby 
 send my joyful congratulations. You were born under a 
 lucky star, my boy ! Who would have suspected that you 
 were the individual about whom the '70 wise men disputed 
 so long and earnestly ! "Such is life !" Ah ! Winch ! We little 
 thought that night last winter when we came up to see the 
 "Class Boy" and have some oysters that you were attempting 
 to buy our votes, but I'm not sure but what Carter is right 
 and there should be two cups. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 53 
 
 The boy of August 12th is legally entitled to the cup and 
 his name begins with a B. That's an advantage. But the 
 remembrance of those oysters is sufficient to me at least to 
 confuse the dates a little. Mr. President, I move a cup to "the 
 boy of August 13th." 
 
 BUSH. 
 
 PATRICK HENRY BUMPUS, A. B., M. D. 
 
 Born at Ypsilanti, Mich., January 21, 1841. Died at Dever- 
 eaux, Mich., February 18, 1898. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Jackson, Mich., May 13, 1872. 
 Dear Classmates : 
 
 The long looked for Class letter has at length arrived. I 
 have led an eventful life since graduation, the recital of which 
 would draw tears from the fretful crocodile. The first great 
 event happened on the 16th day of August, 1870, when, in the 
 presence of Tweedy and Ripley -and sundry other persons, I 
 took upon myself the awful responsibility of supporting a 
 wife and family. I tell you I have passed through some har- 
 rowing scenes since then and prudence forbids a recital. In 
 October of the same year I had quite a fit of sickness and 
 came near "pegging out," but made out to "rally around the 
 flag boys" and came out all right. Since that time I have 
 sawed wood and worked at - - occupations. Last win- 
 
 ter I attended medical lectures at alma mater and had a good 
 time with the boys. Bird, Mickle, Waters and Fleming are 
 here in Jackson. I am now engaged in peddling sewing ma- 
 chines and doing my part to humbug the public generally. T 
 am not yet able to state that married life is the sweetest thing 
 
54 CLASS OF 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 on wheels. At least such is not my experience. Well, good 
 bye boys and be at A. A. in 1873. 
 
 Yours Fraternally, 
 
 PAT H. RUMPUS. 
 
 CHARLES FRANCIS BURTON, A. M., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Romulus, Seneca Co., N. Y., November 8, 1849. Died 
 at Detroit, Mich., October 5th, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Burton suffered a stroke of apoplexy Oct. 5, 1911, while 
 on a street car in the City of Detroit, where he then resided. 
 He lingered in an unconscious condition at his home for two 
 days before he finally passed away. 
 
 Our Classmate George W. Bates kindly sent a wreath for 
 the casket marked "Class of '70, University of Michigan." 
 
 He had been continuously practicing law at Detroit for 
 about 37 years. For nearly 30 years of that time he had given 
 his attention to patent law and was widely recognized as an 
 expert in that branch of the law profession. He was con- 
 nected with the firm of Parker & Burton in the Moffat block. 
 He left a wide circle of acquaintances both within and outside 
 of his profession. He was a member of the Wayne County 
 Bar. 
 
 His widow Martha and daughters Ethel E. Burton and 
 Anna Grace Grow all still survive him. Mrs. Burton and her 
 daughter Ethel at present are in Los Angeles, but consider 
 Detroit as their home. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Detroit, May 24, 1872. 
 Dear Brothers of '70 : 
 
 I am glad to hear from those who have gone before me 
 matrimonially as well as alphabetically. May the pleasures 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 55 
 
 of family life never grow less for those who have entered into 
 that blissful state. 
 
 My own hopes of following their example are not at present 
 very great. The prospects are that when next I meet you all 
 it will be in the character of a bachelor forlorn. 
 
 Although like the rest of you I have been living history, 
 still it has been very uneventful. On the 4th of July after 
 graduation I commenced work on the lunar tables for Prof. 
 J. C. Watson. Remained in A. A. until the next May, taking 
 the winter course of lectures in law. During the summer of 
 '71, I was in the Lake survey office in Detroit. In the autumn 
 I went back to Ann Arbor and during the past winter I fin- 
 ished the law course. Have been admitted and am ready to 
 assist Blanchard in obtaining those divorces. Owing to the 
 migratory character of the old Class, I have had the fortune to 
 see many of the boys during the past two year^, and they are 
 doing well. 
 
 I am situated where I can gaze down upon the Noble How- 
 land as he sits in his office below me. Oratorical Bates is 
 just across the way in one direction and muscular Campau in 
 another and during the season I expect to hold numerous 
 seances with the musical Baldwin. 
 
 Well, boys, I wish I had a more eventful history of my own 
 to give you and when we meet next year, I hope to be able 
 to relate stories of hair-breadths escapes and all of that. 
 
 But until that time I give you the health and prosperity of 
 the mem'bers of the glorious old Class. May its numbers in- 
 crease and multiply. 
 
 CHARLES F. BURTON. 
 
56 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 GEORGE THROOP CAMPAU, A. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Detroit, Mich., July 29th, 1847. Died at Detroit, 
 Mich., February 5th, 1879. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Detroit, Mich., 
 
 May 23, 1872. 
 George T. Campau : 
 
 ''Hail fellows well met," and a most hearty greeting to all 
 dear Classmates, who will, I trust, pardon, this once, my char- 
 acteristic egotism in beginning this note with my name, but it 
 saves turning this portly volume an unseemly summersault to 
 find the illustrious author of each autobiography. 
 
 On the 12th of July after we parted, I sailed across "ye 
 briny deep," and while in mid-ocean, July 18, war was de- 
 clared, we were warned of the event by an English pilot boat 
 and just escaped capture by a French cruiser by running into 
 Plymouth (I was in a German packet). Was in Berlin during 
 the first half of the war and a few weeks after Sedan; there 
 was much to see of course, but it broke up my plans entirely, 
 and rather than waste the time waiting its uncertain termina- 
 tion, I returned by way of England to Detroit. Spent six 
 weeks on my father's fisheries, after which it required 185 
 pounds averdupois to balance the scales. On November 29, 
 I started for Albany where I spent the last six months of the 
 course in law under Sen. Ira Harris, Judge Parker and others. 
 It was a good school. Returned to Detroit in June, 1871, en- 
 tered Holbrook's office, studied a little and was admitted May 
 10, 1872. Am working on my first case "a nigger in the 
 fence." 
 
 Faithfully Classmates, I ever remain to "70, 
 
 G. T. CAMPAU. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 57 
 
 Mrs. Campau and her three boys, Woolsey, Montgomery 
 and George are living in Detroit. Woolsey and Montgomery 
 are married. George is with his mother. Two or three of 
 them have attended the University. They are all pleasantly 
 situated. 
 
 OSCAR JAMES CAMPBELL, A. M., Ph. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Cuba, N. Y., April 27, 1846. Died at Cleveland, O., 
 
 June 17, 1917. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Cleveland, O., May 29, 1872. 
 
 All hail ! 
 
 "Health to old Seventy, we pledge." My first cup to 'TO. 
 Blessings on Walter Sylvester Ballenger and his father and 
 his mother. Walter Sylvester Ballenger, in the language of 
 Rip Van Winkle "here's to your good health and your wife's 
 and your family's may they live long and prosper." 
 
 My second cup to Walter Sylvester Ballenger, born Aug- 
 ust 12, 1871, Harley Corson Winchell, born August 13, 1871, 
 ought not to be slighted. 
 
 My third cup to Harley Corson Winchell who came within 
 one of it." The letter came to me this morning like a "gale 
 from Araby." It was read with "feelings." Space too short 
 to gush. Business : I came first to the confessional. I am 
 virtuous, consequently pretending to be looking for a school. 
 In that time I took a kind of a post graduate course. Learned 
 things I had not learned in calculus or quintilian. * * * Spent 
 six weeks of summer under the paternal roof, taught mathe- 
 matics in high school Ann Arbor, school year of '70-71. Came 
 
58 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 to Cleveland, June 19, 1871, into Hutchins & Ingersoll's law 
 office where I still am. 
 
 Most heartily in the bonds of '70, . 
 
 O. J. CAMPBELL. 
 
 The following is a characteristic letter from our old time 
 genial Classmate : 
 
 Cleveland, O., April 20, 1905. 
 
 Of course I shall attend old '70 reunion. I shall bring with 
 me "my sisters and my cousins and my aunts", so to speak. 
 That is to say, my son Charles Fuller Campbell will graduate 
 in June, so my wife and my daughter will be in Ann Arbor 
 on that occasion and will eat with the class the boy will 
 probably have other engagements. Rufe Day wrote me he 
 would be there to see his son Steve graduate. 
 
 Oh, won't we have a jolly time. Carter put the kettle on 
 and we'll all take tea. Seventy forever ! ! 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 O. J. CAMPBELL. 
 
 The following letter recently received from O. J. C., Jr. : 
 My father's life from the year 1903 was comparatively un- 
 eventful. He continued the practice of law until about the 
 year 1913. He then retired and devoted most of his leisure 
 time to the study of genealogy, particularly that of his own 
 family and that of his wife. During the last two years of his 
 life he was in poor health, although he was free from any 
 active physical suffering, and he continued to be the delightful 
 and stimulating companinon that he always was. To the very 
 end perhaps his greatest interest and enthusiasm was the 
 University of Michigan and his class. As you know, he at- 
 tended the 45th anniversary of the graduation of his class 
 when he was seriously ill and should have been under the cart 
 of a physician. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 59 
 
 I append a few notes concerning his children. 
 
 Oscar James Campbell, Jr. Graduated 1903 from Harvard ; 
 taught English and Constitutional Law in United States 
 Naval Academy for two years; married in 1907, Emily Lyon 
 Fuller, Bridgeport, Connecticut; Ph. D. at Harvard, 1910; 
 travelling fellow of Harvard University, 1910-11; since then 
 at University of Wisconsin as instructor, assistant professor, 
 and associate professor of English. Has three children. Ad- 
 dress 15 East Oilman Street, Madison, Wisconsin. 
 
 Charles Fuller Campbell. Graduated from University of 
 Michigan, 1905 ; captain of Michigan baseball team ; married 
 in 1907 to Miss Cornelia Van Renslaer Sweet, of Grand Rap- 
 ids, Michigan ; has two children. Since his graduation from 
 college he has been engaged in the manufacture of furniture. 
 He is at the present time eastern representative of The Luce 
 Furniture Co. of Grand Rapids, Mich. Present address D. K. 
 E. Club, New York City. 
 
 Jean Campbell. Married in 1912 to Emory Gilfillan Huk- 
 ill, who is president of The Petroleum Products Co. Has two 
 children. Lives at 2905 Coleridge Road, Cleveland, Ohio. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 OSCAR JAMES CAMPBELL, JR. 
 
 As we are about to go to press the delightful news comes 
 that Professor Oscar J. Campbell, Jr., has accepted a full pro- 
 fessorship in English at Michigan. We can imagine what 
 joy this news would have given his father could he have 
 known it was to occur so soon after his death. 
 
00 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 V 
 
 CHARLES SIMEON CARTER, B. S., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Town of Metomen, Fond du Lac Co., Wis., March 31, 
 
 1846. 
 
 Address: 501 Newton Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 The course of my life has continued about the same for 
 the last 25 years, being that of a busy lawyer in the various 
 courts of this state. Returning from New York to my native 
 state in 1885, we located at Milwaukee, where we have lived 
 ever since and where our two children, Lillian and Charles, 
 received their early education. I resumed my law practice 
 here. Our special object in coming back to Wisconsin was to 
 be near my parents in their old age, having been away from 
 them almost continually since the beginning of the Civil War. 
 From Milwaukee we visited them frequently and they came 
 to us occasionally while they lived, thus rendering life more 
 enjoyable to all of us than it was while we were in the East, 
 far from home surroundings and old-time acquaintances. My 
 law practice, from time to time, was sufficiently diverse and 
 varied to be both interesting and instructive. I might men- 
 tion one novel case which came to hand during the great war 
 which may interest some of the law practitioners of the class: 
 Our client, "C," was a banker in New York City. A customer 
 of his, "A," had an account in his bank and was an expert 
 salesman of a certain kind of machinery manufactured in 
 Southern Wisconsin by 'B." Business relations had existed 
 before between "A" and "B," and October 24th, 1916, they 
 entered into a written contract, whereby "B" hired "A" to go 
 to Europe to sell "B's" machinery on commission. It seems 
 that this machinery was such as would likely T>e in great 
 demand in the war-stricken countries after the close of the 
 war, and "B" was anxious to get it introduced into various 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITKRATI-RK, SCIENCE AND ARTS 61 
 
 portions of those countries, in advance, in order to have an 
 advantage over rivals. Be that as it may, "B" hired "A" by 
 this written contract to go to Europe and introduce this ma- 
 chinery to the trade, canvass for customers and to sell the 
 machinery. The contract al^o provided that "B" was to 
 advance to "A" on account of commissions to be thereafter 
 earned under the contract the sum of $500 and to deposit the 
 same "on or immediately prior to "A's" sailing from New 
 York for Europe to carry out his contract, in "C's" bank in 
 New York to the credit of "A" on "commission account/' 
 "B" was also to deposit a second $500 in- "C's" bank to the 
 credit of the same account on the first of the next succeeding 
 month. "B" agreed also to advance a large amount of money 
 to pay up existing creditors of "A" and to charge the same to 
 the "commission account" with "A." No definite date or time 
 was agreed upon as to when "A" was to sail from New York, 
 but "A" exercised due diligence in endeavoring to obtain res- 
 ervations at an early date. Trans-Atlantic travel at that time 
 was very precarious and uncertain. No deposit had been 
 made in "C's" bank by "B" under the contract up to January 
 4, 1917, when "A" had finally arranged to take passage, and 
 desired to purchase his ticket. "A," therefore, to obtain nec- 
 essary funds for his trip, drew on "C's" bank against the antic- 
 ipated commission-account funds for $1,000 and gave the bank 
 an assignment of his contract with "B," as follows : 
 
 "To the Bank, New York : 'I hereby 
 
 assign to you as against value received the two payments of 
 $500.00 each to be made to me through your bank by 'B' as 
 per conditions stated in my contract with 'B' dated October 
 24, 1916, and of which you have a certified copy. New York, 
 4th January, 1917." 
 
 (Duly signed by "A.") 
 
r>2 CLASS OF -TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 The bank gave due written notice to "B" of this assign- 
 ment to it by "A" of the written contract between "A" 
 and "B." 
 
 "A" succeeded in getting reservations by and took passage 
 for Europe on the steamship Laconia on February 16, 1917, 
 which was sunk by a German torpedo boat February 26, 1917, 
 and "A" was, in consequence, drowned. "B" had not made 
 either of the deposits of $500.00 each according to his agree- 
 ment, and thereafter refused to do so, claiming that no com- 
 missions, in payment for which they were to be made, had 
 been earned, nor could they now be earned under the con- 
 tract, as the contract was for personal services ; that there had 
 been an entire failure of consideration under the contract and 
 that nothing was due. 
 
 The bank came to us for advice in the matter. The result 
 was that an action was commenced by the bank, through us 
 as attorneys, against "B," after due demand being made on 
 "B" to make the deposits in the bank as he had agreed. The 
 litigation was continued quite vigorously in the circuit court 
 for Wisconsin, extensive depositions having been taken in 
 New York City preparatory to the trial. Before the case was 
 reached on the trial calendar we received a substantial offer 
 of settlement by the payment to our client of a sufficient sum 
 of money to satisfy it for its loss in the matter and the suit 
 was discontinued. 
 
 After living for many years in rented quarters, my wife, 
 daughter and self determined early in 1910 that we would 
 make a change by purchasing a lot or parcel of land in some 
 desirable spot in the suburbs of Milwaukee and build a "resi- 
 dence to our liking in order that we migiit have elbow room, 
 plenty of light and fresh air, the benefit of rural scenery, a 
 place for flowers and a vegetable garden. Accordingly we 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS (>3 
 
 took a few rambles along the lake shore to the north of the 
 city and found what we concluded might be a desirable spot 
 in the open country. There had formerly been a good many 
 large oak trees in the locality, but some had died out, leaving 
 a few scattered here and there, which produced shade and fur- 
 nished nesting places for the many birds in the vicinity. We 
 ascertained that we could get a piece of 50 feet fronting the 
 north, having a depth of 140 feet, which, by a little filling in, 
 would present a gentle slope to the south, suitable for a veg- 
 etable garden, grapes and flowers. This place is on high 
 ground, but a few minutes' walk from the lake and a half 
 hour's ride from the central part of Milwaukee on our best 
 street car line. It was evidently intended for us from the 
 beginning, for there were the golden-rod, the sunflower, the 
 wild ro^e, the wild aster and the dandelion in great profusion, 
 and Mrs. Carter is a great lover of flowers ; there were the 
 robin, the meadow-lark, the blue bird, the wren, the thrush, 
 song sparrows and a host of warblers in season, and our 
 daughter, Lillian, is a great enthusiast on birds; and there was 
 a great opportunity on that southern slope for raising peas, 
 bean>, onions, carrots and tomatoes, and I had been a farmer 
 in my youth, and was an expert gardener by proxy, our 
 daughter being the proxy. With all these things in mind, the 
 deliberation was short and the lot was purchased. A change 
 immediately came over the spirits of our dreams. There 
 would be something doing now besides monotonous law prac- 
 tice, including interviews and conferences in close, tobacco- 
 scented quarters. We saw visions of a real home springing 
 up in the near future in that lovely, restful spot, surrounded 
 by every convenience, with flowers and vegetables in quanti- 
 ties as they might be desired. Happiness reigned. Good 
 cheer brought rosv cheeks. Grocerv bills increased as doc- 
 
04 CLASS OF ? 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 tor's bill diminished. Books on gardening and architecture 
 soon covered our library table. Pencil sketches and outline 
 plans of gardens and cottages covered the floor. Much enjoy- 
 ment was derived from this pastime, but it was followed by 
 the employment of a real architect, who soon brought order 
 out of confusion when informed just what we wanted. He 
 had the excavation for the basement under way by April, 1912, 
 and the building nearly completed and the beer sign up by 
 July 4th. The plasterers and painters were out of the way 
 so that we moved in October 1, 1912. We then began to real- 
 ize, which has grown upon us ever since, that life is worth 
 living, under some circumstances at least. We give a stand- 
 ing invitation to the members of '70 to come and see us at our 
 home.. 
 
 Our son, Charles, took the bachelor's degree in electrical 
 engineering in 1904, followed by the master's degree at Uni- 
 versity of Wisconsin. He took a post graduate course in 
 chemistry there, and also received the degree of M. E. He 
 spent one season in Alaska with a party on a railroad survey. 
 His life work has been in charge of gas and electric plants. 
 At the present he is manager of the gas and electric plant at 
 Danbury, Conn. Ts married and has a daughter 6 years old. 
 He was at our class re-union in June, 1915. 
 
 Our daughter, Lillian, was graduated from the State Nor- 
 mal School in Milwaukee in 189T, and was at once employed 
 in the Public Library of Milwaukee, where she has been ever 
 since. Now has charge of the catalogueing of department, 
 with five assistants. The library has 400,000 volumes and is 
 increasing at the rate of 5,000 volumes per month. She 
 attended our class re-union in June, 1910. 
 
 Mrs. Carter claims to be a member of '70, because she was 
 born in Ann Arbor and was living there during most of the 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS G5 
 
 time we were there and knew many of the class some of 
 them in the high school there. She is always ready to accom- 
 pany me to a re-union. 
 
 I am a member of the Congregational Church, the Military 
 Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, a society 
 originally formed by officers of the Civil War immediately 
 after the death of Lincoln ; State Historical Society of Wis- 
 consin, Old Settlers' Club of Milwaukee County (Vice-Presi- 
 dent), 850 members; State and County Bar Associations; 
 32nd degree Mason. 
 
 THOMAS CHALMERS CHRISTY, A. M., M. D. 
 
 Born at Kinsman, Trumbull County, O., October 1846 Died 
 at Pasadena, CaL, December 17, 1913. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Kinsman, O., June 8, 1872. 
 
 Christy, T. C., sends a hearty greeting to all his classmates 
 and is impatiently waiting the coming event of 1873. The 
 week of graduation found me but poorly fitted for grappling 
 with the future, physically speaking, so taking the advice of 
 our worthy President may Heaven bless him Prof. Frieze, 
 I came here and commenced laboring on my father's farm. 
 Since then my life has run quietly enough, and today I con- 
 gratulate myself that I am much stronger in mind and body 
 than I have been for years. Last fall, feeling the need of a 
 slight change, I took up the study of medicine with our family 
 physician and do not hesitate to say that this study is to me 
 intensely interesting. I commenced Dec. 14th, '71, but was 
 broken off nearly a month since by the sudden and severe ill- 
 ness of my father. For the immediate future I have but few 
 plans, but during the present summer and autumn shall fol- 
 
GG CLASS OF TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 low the humble calling of my paternal and will be happy to 
 receive any or all of 'TO at whatever time it may 'be convenient 
 for them to come. Have seen but two of '70 since graduation, 
 namely, Wells and Haven. And, strange to say, both of them 
 were, at that time, but recently married and were on their 
 wedding tours to the East. My best wishes to all. 
 
 As ever, 
 THOMAS CHALMERS CHRISTY. 
 
 The following letter is from I. H. Pedrick, of the Class 
 of '69: 
 
 Pasadena, California, Jan. 5th, 1914. 
 My dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 I am glad to have your letter and to know that copies of 
 the neat necrology card you kindly enclosed, will also, 
 through your kindness, go to the surviving classmates of Dr. 
 Christy. 
 
 Dr. Christy continued in the general practice of medicine 
 at Pittsburg, Pa., and very successfully, I am told, until his 
 health became impaired about 1901. He suffered several 
 periods of prolonged illness, but resumed practice at intervals 
 when somewhat improved. The rigorous climate at Pitts- 
 burg, not being favorable to his restoration, he, with his fam- 
 ily, spent the winter of 1903-4 at Pasadena, California, and, 
 finding himself somewhat relieved, and the climate very 
 acceptable to himself and family, they finally purchased a 
 residence and adopted Pasadena as their permanent home. 
 
 During his earlier years there, he found much pleasure 
 and spent many hours in visiting some of Nature's quiet 
 retreats, easily reached from his residence, where, as in boy- 
 hood, he loved to asrain commune with her tinbousrht irifts to 
 mankind. His health, however, did not become sufficiently 
 restored to resume his profession, and of late years he seldom 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS (>7 
 
 went beyond the limits of his lawn and garden, where, after 
 he had spent an hour or two daily, he usually gave the 
 remainder of the day to books, current news and to friends, 
 who were always glad to have a quiet hour with one who had 
 read so widely and conversed so interestingly. Though not 
 physically able to return their visits, he welcomed friends, 
 old and new, with his characteristic openness and good will. 
 He had a warm feeling for the men of his university and 
 watched the progress of the latter with much interest. 
 
 Although his step became slow, his form remained erect 
 and seemingly strong, and so like his appearance on his grad- 
 uating day, that except for the crown of white, almost any 
 schoolmate carrying his sturdy form in memory, could not 
 mistake his identity, even at a considerable distance. 
 
 He was deeply interested in the social and national life, but 
 like some of his old-time friends, he did not feel that all of the 
 new things of the present day, are necessarily better than the 
 plainness and sturdiness of former days, but he maintained 
 implicit faith in the ultimate outcome of the right among 
 nations and people. 
 
 His wife, Mrs. Rebecca Kinsman Christy, survives him, 
 and expects to continue to live in their home, 99 N. Hudson 
 avenue. No child survives him, but Mrs. Christy's sister will 
 live with her. 
 
 Yours cordially, 
 
 ISAAC H. P^DRTCK. 
 
 Mr. Bennett of our class, who died at Pasadena, Cal., in 
 1919, wrote as follows: 
 
 Pasadena, California, April 10, '14. 
 Dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 In reply to your letter, allow me to speak first of the death 
 of our beloved friend and classmate, Dr. Thomas C. Christy. 
 
08 CLASS OF '70, TXIVKHSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 He came to Pasadena several years ago with health shat- 
 tered and greatly discouraged. 
 
 I nder the influence of our mild climate, he slowly but 
 surely began to improve. 
 
 His step was more firm and quick, his eyes brighter and 
 his whole appearance more pleasant and natural. 
 
 Excepting an occasional return of his old trouble, these 
 favorable conditions continued until a short time ago, when 
 a change for the worse occurred. 
 
 Complications set in and the end soon came. 
 
 And so has passed away one of the most genial of men a 
 loving husband, a kind neighbor, a true friend. 
 
 AYe classmates who knew him so well can truthfully say 
 liis was a beautiful character, one that is exceptionally rare 
 among men. 
 
 Among those attending the funeral exercises were Judge 
 Willett, Pedrick, P>lanchard and myself. 
 
 As to my own affairs, after 26 years' service as Secretary 
 of the first Land and Water Association of Pasadena, I gave 
 up my position, together with all other outside business, and 
 in 1904 went to Europe for a year's trip with Mrs. Bennett. 
 
 Again in 1908-10 we enjoyed two years more of travel, cov- 
 ering not only the principal points of interest in Europe, but 
 also those in Northern Africa and Palestine. 
 
 Since then I have led a quiet, uneventful home life in Pas- 
 adena, in the same home in which Mrs. Bennett and I have 
 lived for 26 years and on the same street on which I have 
 lived for 40 years. 
 
 Cordially yours, 
 
 HENRY G. BENNETT. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-HE, SCIENCE AND ARTS (59 
 
 From Mrs. Christy. 
 
 99 N. Hudson Ave., 
 Pasadena, Cal., Jan. 26, 1914. 
 My Dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 Permit me to express to you my sincere thanks for your 
 kind, sympathetic letter, together with the very pretty and 
 suitable card which you have been so good as to send to my 
 husband's classmates. I shall treasure one of them and send 
 one to his sister. 
 
 Dr. Christy felt a very tender affection for his college class, 
 some of its members yourself among the number being par- 
 ticularly dear. It has been a sore disappointment to him that 
 ill health has prevented his enjoyment of the various re-unions 
 from time to time. 
 
 We have enjoyed our California home and I am sure our 
 coming here has added ten years to his life and to our time 
 of happiness together. There is one friend very close, both 
 to my husband and to me, whom I would like very much to 
 have notified, as I do not know his present address. He has 
 of late been traveling abroad Mr. Everett Darrow. May I 
 trouble you to do this favor for me, if you can ascertain his 
 whereabouts? 
 
 Very truly and gratefully yours, 
 
 REBECCA K. CHRISTY. 
 
 EUGENE FRANCIS COOLEY, A. B. 
 Born at Adrian, Mich., November 15, 1849. 
 
 Address; Lansing, Mich. 
 
 Since the publication of the former issue of '70's book, my 
 days have been passing swiftly along on about the same lines 
 as noted therein. Mv record has been that of the ordinary 
 
70 ('LASS OF '70, r.MVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 business man, successful in a general way, but with nothing 
 remarkable to report in this day of large things. Have never 
 held or sought public office of any kind, but have devoted my 
 time to my business and family, paying only enough attention 
 to politics to perform my duties as an American citizen, hence 
 have only business and family matters to chronicle. 
 
 At the present time my family consists of the wife, eight 
 children and seventeen grandchildren. All my children are 
 married and have done well. 
 
 Edith married Arthur D. Baker, secretary and manager 
 of the Michigan Millers Mutual Insurance Company, a very 
 large and prosperous institution. They have two children, 
 Katherine, just graduating from Smith's College, and Stan- 
 nard, now attending Northwestern University. 
 
 Fanny is the wife of Major Geo. M. Chandler, of the Reg- 
 ular Army, now engaged in engineering work at Frankfort, 
 Pa. They have one son, Bruce, now attending the U. of M. 
 
 Edgar L. is a prominent and successful business man of 
 Lansing, secretary and manager of the Michigan Supply Com- 
 pany, which is doing a large and prosperous business. He 
 married June Davis of Lansing and they have four children, 
 two boys and two girls. 
 
 Elizabeth, wife of Frank B. McKibbier, well known and 
 successful Lansing business man. Children, one boy and one 
 girl. 
 
 Frank married Clara Gower, daughter of C. A. Gower, of 
 Lansing, and is now holding a responsible position with the 
 Reynolds Cushion Spring Company of Jackson ; also has a 
 large dairy farm at Holt, Mich. They have no children. 
 
 Eva is wife of Carl E. McAlvay, of Lansing, an officer of 
 the Michigan Millers Insurance Company. They have five 
 children. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LiTKKATrui-:, SriKxcic AND ARTS 71 
 
 Adaline C. Kessler lives in Lansing and has two children, 
 a girl and a boy. 
 
 David H., the youngest, married Olive Richardson, and 
 they have one child, a girl. David went to France with the 
 army as 1st Sergeant of Engineers. Like so many others, he 
 had to endure terrible hardship and privation, and, after the 
 armistice, was brought home and sent direct to a hospital. 
 After he had partially recovered, he went to his home at To- 
 pinabee, in Northern Michigan, where he is now living in the 
 endeavor to regain his health. 
 
 In a business way, the Michigan Supply Company, which 
 I founded nearly forty years ago, has been my mainstay, and 
 I am still its President. The stock is all held in my family. 
 I am still Vice-President of the City National Bank, the office 
 which I have held since its organization in 1886. At the pres- 
 ent time its deposits are around $7,000,000, and it has been a 
 very successful institution. 
 
 I am still active in business, but have arranged matters so 
 that I can take a couple of months off in winter and summer. 
 Have a summer cottage at Topinabee, in Northern Michigan, 
 where wife and I and such of the children as can get away 
 spend July and August. For the winter vacation I have a 
 cottage under the "Tall Pines" at Winter Park, Orange Co., 
 Florida, a most lovely spot, an earthly paradise in fact, and at 
 either one of these places, or at our home in Lansing, Mich., 
 we should be most happy to welcome any member of our class 
 who comes our way. 
 
CLASS OF ? TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 JOHN LOVELAND CULLEY, C. E. 
 
 Born at Ashtabula, O., October 11, 1847 Died at Cleveland, 
 O., February 5th, 1902. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Warren, O., June 22, 1872. 
 
 Fellow Classmates: 
 
 I rejoice in the increase of '70 and that those two brave 
 lads whose race for the 12th of August, 1871, will have their 
 reward. Ah ! Young Winchell, fate seems to have been slow 
 with you one day, but, my boy, be of good cheer. Your 
 fathers in '70 will stand between you and all harm. Walter 
 Sylvester B. is of goodly proportions and parts and will share 
 with you your joys and sorrows and your fathers will do 
 equally well by both of you. 
 
 Fellows, the thing uppermost seems to be "Are you mar- 
 ried and how many have you? I am not married and there- 
 fore I have none. My autobiography is as follows : The 
 week after Commencement I took charge of the improvement 
 and enlargement of Sandusky Harbor, Ohio, under U. S. 
 engineers, where I remained until the last of November.' I 
 then returned to Ashtabula, where I busied myself until the 
 last of February, '71 ; then spent two months in railroad work; 
 then came home and remained till August, 1871, when I was 
 employed by the Pennsylvania railroad, and frequently saw 
 Hyde, Davock, "Dixie" and Meyendorff, the only four of 
 the boys I have seen since graduation. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 JOHN LOVELAND CULLEY. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURES, SCIENCE AND ARTS 73 
 
 Mr. Culley in the last few years of his life took great inter- 
 est in Class matters. He printed and distributed among the 
 members, at his own expense, several circulars containing 
 news about various movements and activities of the "boys" 
 and traveled through the country with his wife and called on 
 many. He was enjoying his leisure time by renewing his col- 
 lege friendships. His death was unexpected. 
 
 EDWARD EVERETT DARROW. 
 Born at Meadville, Pa., October 28, 1846. 
 
 Address: 610 W. lllth Street, New York City. 
 
 The writer, continuing the sketch of his life from 1903 up 
 to the present date, April, 1921, has a very clear-cut section 
 with which to deal. In 1903 he was still in the traces, though 
 he had, many years before, determined to get clear at the age 
 of sixty if the financial condition of the family would justify 
 it. The family decided that it did, and a year earlier than he 
 had fixed, in the summer of 1905, he resigned from a Chicago 
 high school, thereby closing a continuous teaching period of 
 thirty years. Of this period he would say that he enjoyed it 
 all, and he severed his connection with teaching, with a cer- 
 tain regret. While glad he made it his life-work then, yet if 
 he were beginning again, with his present opinion of the con- 
 ditions of the public school system, especially of large cities, 
 both within and without, he would seek some other field. 
 
 In 1905, then, he "retired" as the expression is, meaning in 
 his own case that he was to divert his time and energy from 
 "making a living" to the problem of getting the best value he 
 knew how, out of life living life as one would choose for the 
 rest of his term freed from the "cost of existence." So he 
 entered on his freedom. 
 
74 CLASS OF '"(). I \\IVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 He should say here that the last thing in the world that he 
 had in mind was to drop activity. It was only to set it free 
 from everything' not done for its own sake. It took a little 
 time, however, to "find himself." 
 
 Fortunately his school work was chiefly in directions in 
 which he had great interest, in economics, government, his- 
 tory and literature. 
 
 Of course he was seeking the truth. How could a teacher 
 be seeking anything else? Any error or falsehood creeping 
 or injected into the investigation invalidates the conclusion as 
 inevitably as it does in mathematics. In the field of pure 
 science there is little motive for one to have any other aim 
 than to establish the facts. No one seems to have any motive 
 in obscuring them. They seem either to affect all men impar- 
 tially or not at all. 
 
 But in the field of human relations, every man feels a per- 
 sonal interest. The investigator here is. fighting a constant 
 battle. 
 
 Suffice it to say that the writer finds this activity full 
 of interest and sees no reason for thinking that the directioa 
 of his work will be materially changed in the future, subject, 
 of course, to "circumstances over which he has no control." 
 
 The year following his resignation was spent abroad. 
 They traveled as a family, as also the next time they were 
 there, going in the summer of 1911 and returning in Septem- 
 ber. 1012. The son, who had graduated in June, 1911, at the 
 University of Chicago, u?ed the academic year in attending 
 courses in Paris and Berlin, specializing in mathematics in 
 the former and physics in the latter. Forty-nine years had 
 passed since his father had spent a year in the same cities. 
 
 The writer does not attempt to assign any special value to 
 thc-r two years in Europe following his resignation, except 
 
DKPARTMEXT OF LITERATI'IIK, SriKxrK AND ARTS 75 
 
 for recreation and enjoyment. He enjoyed revisiting the old, 
 with its added charm of old association, as well as the new, 
 unvisited before. Among these later impressions he recalls 
 with unadulterated pleasure a week spent in the Harz at its 
 freshest and most alluring season, also when at Rome a trip 
 into the Sabine country and the alleged site of Horace's villa 
 on his "Sabine Farm." We saw the two claimants for the 
 honor of being the site, but a year or two later saw an ac- 
 count of the discovery of the "real" site a mile or two farther 
 up the valley of the brawling Digentia. We, however, stick 
 to those we saw. 
 
 Then, too, near Naples, the town of Baiae and its bay, and 
 Lake Avernus, where Virgil located the place of descent of his 
 hero, Aeneas, into the world below. A signboard standing at 
 the mouth of an apparent cave bore this remarkable inscrip- 
 tion : "Entrance to the Infernal Regions Private." We 
 feared Cerberus might be lurking somewhere about the mouth 
 and did not investigate. 
 
 The family returned in 1912, when the son took up 
 graduate work at the University, making physics his specialty, 
 and received his degree of Ph. D. in 1017. That summer he 
 obtained a position as a research physicist in the Western 
 Electric Co. He came to New York in September, 1917, and 
 the other members of the family, the following month. 
 
 Their present address is 610 W. lllth St. They will be 
 glad to see any of the members of '70 at any time. 
 
 HARLOW PALMER DAVOCK, C. E., M. S. 
 
 Born in Buffalo, N. Y., Match 11, 1848 Died at Bretton 
 Woods, N. H., August 30, 1910. 
 
 Mr. Davock was in attendance at our Class re-union in 
 June, 1910, apparently in excellent health, yet in about two 
 
76 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 months from the time he left us for a short recreation trip in 
 New England mountains, he was laid low. He, with his wife 
 and others, had been up Mount Washington in the afternoon 
 of the day of his death, and, on returning to his hotel, sought 
 his room for a little rest. X^ot coming down stairs in about 
 an hour, his wife went to the room 'and was shocked to find 
 him in convulsions. He lasted but a short time thereafter. 
 The burial took place at Detroit. 
 
 Classmate Bates writes from Detroit : "To me, Davock 
 was a very intimate friend, and I knew him perhaps better 
 than any other one in his class, and his loss to me is a per- 
 sonal bereavement. He had been here for nearly thirty years 
 and I have known him intimately all this time and I had 
 learned to admire him. I considered him a man of more than 
 ordinary ability and was a devoted member of the class. He 
 took a great interest in everything that concerned it, and 
 especially its members. Nothing has impressed me so much 
 of the uncertainty of life as Mr. Davock's death has done." 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Heart of Egypt, Illinois, June 29, 1872. 
 In the words of H. G. : "D 
 
 I dare and defy anyone to find a more uncivilized, barbar- 
 ous, heathen and forlorn country than this. Am covered with 
 flea bites, wood ticks and other vermin are my most affection- 
 ate companions. 
 
 Interlude, Biography. 
 
 After graduation, spent fall of '70 in office of a civil engin- 
 eer in Cleveland, then in November secured an appointment 
 of engineer on St. L. & S. E. R. R. Was stationed succes- 
 sively at Evansville, Ind. ; Posey Co., Ind. ; Mt. Vernon, Ind. ; 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 77 
 
 Wabash Bridge and Shawneetown, 111., until January 1st, 
 1872, when the same company commenced this road. Have 
 been leveler on St. L. & S. E. R. R. and as transitman and have 
 had charge of work, etc. At present have a division through 
 the roughest part of Illinois, and, as I have 3-90 curves on my 
 line (this is for C. E.'s), hope every one will have their life 
 insured when this road is- finished. Expect to be here until 
 October. Was in Ann Arbor on January 5th, 1872. Saw 
 Price, Hyde, Day and Winchel. Have met Campbell twice or 
 three times in Cleveland and George Campau once in Detroit. 
 Met "Dixie" Gilbert, Meyendorff and Culley on St. L. & S. E. 
 R. R. Am not married, neither am I engaged. Have been in 
 St. Louis several times, but never could hit Stevens. Am 
 something of a walkist ; the other night missed a carriage and 
 came 18 miles from the station after dark. If I am not on the 
 road to glory, let me assure you, fellow Classmates, that I am 
 at present where ye natives of Tennessee and North Carolina 
 abound. Spend all the money I have in making trips North 
 to find something to eat. Hope I may never see any of you 
 down here unless you have a choice in regard to purgatory. 
 There ! I have him, and as Mr. Flea bows to me, flea-tingly I 
 say farewell until '73. 
 
 HARLOW P. DAVOCK. 
 P. S. Met Bird in Jackson a week ago. 
 
 Nov. 6, 1876. Over four years have passed and here I am 
 again. My life during the last year and one-half has been the 
 same as Noble's. Am at 85 Washington Avenue for the win- 
 ter, Detroit, Mich. ; at Sault Ste. Marie for the summers. 
 After leaving Egypt, I was at Cleveland, and from June, 1873, 
 to October, 1874, was upon the Erie Railway in New York 
 City. George Campau is even with Marsh he has two. 
 Alas! Poor Benedicts. It is rather embarrassing for us jolly 
 
78 ('LASS OF '70, UNIVKUSITV OF MICHIGAN 
 
 bachelors to know we are the object of envy of all such un- 
 claimed mortals. H. P. D. 
 
 Mr. Davock attended our class re-union in June, 1910. At 
 that time he appeared as well as usual, except he had a weary 
 look and said he was going- down East for a breath of moun- 
 tain air. His friends were astonished, therefore, on seeing the 
 following in the Detroit Free Press September 10, 1910: 
 
 Stricken by sudden illness, Harlow P. Davock, referee in 
 bankruptcy of the United States district court of the southern 
 division of the eastern district of Michigan, died Tuesday 
 night at Bretton Woods, N. H. No explanation of the cause 
 of death has been received in this city, but it is supposed to 
 have been an attack of heart disease. 
 
 With Mrs. Davock, who was in feeble health, Mr. Davock 
 went to the White mountains on a vacation trip, leaving this 
 city August 18. They spent some time at Balsam's Gap, N. 
 H., and messages received from them by relatives here an- 
 nounced that both were deriving great pleasure and benefit 
 from the trip. From Balsim's Gap they went to Bretton 
 W r oods, a summer resort in Coos county. 
 
 The suddenness of the end is shown by the fact that Ed- 
 ward G. Wasey, representing parties in proceedings pending 
 before Referee Davock, received a lengthy telegram from Mr. 
 Davock Tuesday, naming places where communication might 
 be had with Mr. Davock on his way back to Detroit. Mr. Da- 
 vock's office force had been notified that he planned to visit 
 Boston and would start home from there next Saturday. Sou- 
 venir postals with pleasant messages arrived for several of the 
 clerks yesterday morning, just about the time news of his 
 death also reached the office on the fourth floor of the Trussed 
 Concrete building. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-RE, SCIENCE AND A UTS 79 
 
 Mr. Davock's career had been one of wide activity. Born 
 in Buffalo, March 11, 1848, Harlow Palmer Davock was grad- 
 uated from the high school of that city, and in 1870 from the 
 literary department of the University of Michigan, helping 
 himself through school and college by working during vaca- 
 tions. He began his business life as office boy in the employ 
 of the Buffalo & Erie railroad at Buffalo. 
 
 After finishing college, he was engaged as a civil engineer 
 on many important railroad and engineering projects. He 
 served under Gen. Godfrey Weitzel, federal engineer at De- 
 troit, assisting in the construction of the Weitzel lock at Sault 
 Ste. Marie and the government docks at that place, and also 
 in construction of the Cascade locks in Oregon. 
 
 \Yhile working as a civil engineer, Mr. Davock formed a 
 close friendship with Alfred Noble, who has since gained wide 
 fame as an engineer and was one of the consulting engineers 
 on the Panama caiial. He had planned to go hunting with 
 Mr. Noble this summer, but was unable to arrange his vaca- 
 tion to get away at the time expected. 
 
 Mr. Davock finally took up the study of law, entering the 
 offices of May bury & Conely, in this city. He was admitted 
 to the bar in 1878 and began active practice in 1882. A year 
 later, January 4, 1883, he took as his bride Miss Sarah W. 
 Peabody, their marriage taking place at St. Clair, Mich. 
 
 Mr. Davock was a lifelong Republican. He served as a 
 member of the Michigan legislature in 1803-94; was a member 
 of the bonrcl of health of Detroit from March, 1805, to March, 
 1000, receiving two appointments and serving two years as 
 president. In 1804 he was United States chief supervisor of 
 elections for the eastern district of Michigan. 
 
 His appointment as referee in bankruptcy was made by 
 Judge H. H. Swan, of the United States district court, in An- 
 
80 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 gust, 1898, immediately after what has been described as the 
 "new bankruptcy law," became operative. Mr. Davock had 
 held the position ever since, receiving a renewal of appoint- 
 ment a few weeks ago. As referee he received no salary, the 
 emoluments of the office being limited to fee fixed by law. 
 The work of the office had increased to such a degree that Mr. 
 Davock was forced long ago to abandon his private law prac- 
 tice. 
 
 As referee, he was noted for his fairness and courtesy to 
 those having business with the office. Many of the younger 
 attorneys of the city have received helpful suggestions from 
 him, and he was ever watchful to prevent older practitioners 
 from taking advantage of the inexperience of younger men. 
 
 For many years Mr. Davock was an active member of the 
 Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, and one of the proudest days 
 of his life was when he assisted in the initiation of one of his 
 sons into the same fraternity. He was an active member and 
 a trustee in Westminster Presbyterian church and was sel- 
 dom absent from the church on Sunday, unless out of the 
 city or detained by illness. He was a member also of the 
 Sons of the American Revolution of the University Club and 
 of the Detroit Boat Club. For several years he had been a 
 non-resident lecturer in the law department of the University 
 of Michigan on "Bankruptcy Practice." 
 
 Besides his widow, he is survived by two sons, both civil 
 engineers and graduates of the University of Michigan. They 
 are Clarence W. Davock, associated with the Detroit Steel 
 Products Company, and Harlow Noble Davock, assistant to 
 Gardner Williams, of the engineering department of the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan. He leaves also brother, W. B. Davock, 
 prominent vesselman of Cleveland, and two sisters, the Misses 
 Ella and Hattie Davock. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 81 
 
 R. S. Mason, vice-president of the Peoples State Bank, is 
 a brother-in-law, as is also A. B. Raymond, former engineer 
 of the health board. 
 
 Following the receipt of the news of Mr. Davock's illness, 
 Tuesday night, his son Clarence started east. He heard of his 
 father's death in Buffalo and went on to New Hampshire. 
 
 GEORGE ELLIS DAWSON, A. M. 
 Born at Laomi, Sangamon Co., 111. 
 
 Address: First National Bank Building, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Since the publication of our Class Book in 1903, the events 
 in my life are not exceptional. The death of my oldest son 
 at the age of eighteen, and that of my youngest at the age of 
 twenty-two, have left their deepest scars. My son, Manierre, 
 after graduating in the course of Civil Engineering at Armour 
 Institute in Chicago, was employed by the firm of Holabird 
 & Roche, architects for many of Chicago's most important 
 business and public buildings, for a period of three and one- 
 half years, then after spending a year in painting in oils and 
 water colors, and six months in travel abroad, decided that he 
 preferred farming to any other occupation, and since 1914 has 
 been living in Mason County, Michigan, about ten miles south 
 of Ludington. 
 
 He married a young lady of the neighborhood and they 
 have a boy and two girls. 
 
 My son Mitchell graduated in the Literary Department of 
 the University of Chicago in the Class of 1911, and from the 
 Law School in the Class of 1913, having meanwhile taken a 
 six months' trip abroad. 
 
 He came into my office, where he has been since with an 
 interval of a year and one-half in the army. The firm is now 
 Dawson & Dawson. 
 
82 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 On March 8th, 1051, my son Mitchell married Miss Rose 
 Halm, who had been a student at the University of Wisconsin, 
 and also at Smith College, Northampton, Mass. 
 
 I have always had an office in the First National Bank 
 Building in Chicago since entering into the practice of the 
 law. My partnership with Isaac H. Pedrick, after a duration 
 of over twenty years, was dissolved in 1904 by the retirement 
 of Mr. Pedrick on account of ill health. Mr. Pedrick has re- 
 sided for the past fifteen years at Pasadena, Cal. 
 
 My life has been one of uniform regularity. My business, 
 like that of all lawyers, has consisted of many unimportant 
 matters, and some of more or less importance. I have often 
 thought, and so expressed myself, that I might have been a 
 better, or at least a greater lawyer, if I could have brought 
 myself to give a more undivided attention to law to the exclu- 
 sion of other interests. 
 
 This I have never permitted myself to do. I have made it 
 a rule to take no work home with me except in cases of im- 
 perative necessity, occasions which come to all lawyers, but I 
 have made it a point to reserve my evenings for my family 
 and for the pursuit of literature and music. 
 
 I organized a musical club called "The Vorwaerts Club," 
 which met once a month at my house. At the time of its in- 
 ception, I was the tenor of the quartette at one of the leading 
 churches, having so served in different churches for ten years 
 after coming to Chicago. 
 
 The Vorwaerts Club was composed of men and women 
 who had given serious attention to music. Most of them be- 
 longed to church choirs and some were teachers. Among 
 them, P. C. Lutkin, now for many years at the head of the 
 Musical Department of the Northwestern University at 
 Evanston, 111. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 83 
 
 The object of the Club was to give an opportunity for the 
 elaborate study of music of importance which was worth seri- 
 ous study and would not usually be produced at concerts. 
 Being- prepared for an audience, which, by previous training 
 and musical experience, was well fitted to know what was best 
 in music and in musical interpretation, the opportunity was of 
 great value. 
 
 The meetings were most enjoyable and continued over a 
 period of six or seven years. 
 
 It may -be remarked that I still "keep up" my music, and 
 with Mrs. Dawson as an accomplished accompanist, few even- 
 ings are passed without the singing of a dozen or more songs. 
 A wide field is open among English, American and foreign 
 songwriters, and both Mrs. Dawson and myself being excel- 
 lent readers of music, new music is taken up and read with 
 the pleasant anticipation with which new books are opened 
 and read, of course with the attendant result of approval or 
 disapproval, according to the success of the composer. 
 
 Since the avowed purpose of these records is to give to 
 classmates some information as to the spiritual and possibly 
 mental growth of the members of the c^ass, it may be men- 
 tioned that I deliberately chose to defer the period of enter-- 
 ing into the law and went abroad for the purpose of continu- 
 ing my study of foreign languages, in which I had become 
 greatly interested. I made sufficient progress to be enabled to 
 read French, Italian and German in the languages themselves 
 without conscious translation, and also acquired a serviceable 
 use of them in conversation. 
 
 Although these studies were taken up solely for cultural 
 purposes they have been of the greatest practical advantage, 
 I having had almost constant use of them, particularly of 
 Italian, since the beginning of my practice. 
 
84 CLASS OF 70, UNIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 One experience in this connection was the formation of a 
 little German Club called Die Runcletafel, of which Mr. and 
 Mrs. Harrow were member.-: during a period of over thirty 
 years of its existence. It began in 188:} and continued with 
 some interruptions until 1916, when the Darrows removed to 
 Xew York. It met at first weekly and then twice monthly. 
 It went over the whole field of German literature from the 
 Kiebelungen Lied to the most modern works of Hauptmann 
 and Sudermann. The chief works of the best authors were in 
 turn studied, one member preparing questions on the allotted 
 matter read, the answering and discussion of which in Ger- 
 man took up the evening's session. 
 
 My reading has been continuous and diversified and in the 
 different languages. A favorite line is autobiography and 
 biography. I usually read from three or four to a dozen or 
 more volumes per month. 
 
 Since the year 1898 I have had the habit of making a mem- 
 orandum of the books read from month to month. A summary 
 of these memoranda would read something like what is shown 
 in the Autobiography of Governor Pennypacker of Pennsyl- 
 vania, which many of the Class may have read. 
 
 The annual list runs from forty-one to one hundred and 
 twenty-eight volumes per year, or an average of over sixty 
 volumes. I do not claim that I have derived any great store 
 of permanent knowledge from this reading, but I have been 
 keenly interested in my subjects, and no doubt a few crumbs 
 have been digested and assimilated, adding to my spiritual and 
 intellectual health. 
 
 I joined the Chicago Literary Club in the year 1891 and 
 have been a somewhat constant attendant at its meetings, 
 which occur every Monday night from October to the middle 
 of June- This Club was organized through the efforts of 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 85 
 
 Librarian Poole, the author of the Periodical Index, and 
 others, and has had many eminent men among its members. 
 For example, Robert Collyer, Brooke Herford, Professor 
 Swing and four members of Presidential Cabinets. 
 
 In this connection I have derived great pleasure from gath- 
 ing the material for and preparing papers to be read before the 
 Club. The following are some of the subjects: The Integral 
 Phalanx, Diary of Henry Crabb Robinson, Mary Wollstone- 
 craft and The Rights of Woman, Amiel et Son Journal Intime, 
 The Holland Land Company, The Story of a Very Great 
 Writer (William H. Hudson, Naturalist). These papers were 
 sometimes "on the block" from six months to a year, requir- 
 ing research, correspondence and the selection of material. 
 
 Prior to the year 1905 courts presided over by Justices of 
 the Peace were the imperfect tribunals before which small 
 claims were litigated in Chicago. The failure of justice was 
 in many cases flagrant, and, after much discussion and agita- 
 tion, a law was passed in 1905 establishing Municipal Courts, 
 covering certain specified districts in the City of Chicago. 
 
 The two parties were, of course, eager to capture the 
 places. A strong movement, however, arose, to place an inde- 
 pendent ticket in the field, and at the solicitation of those in- 
 terested in this movement, I permitted my name to be placed 
 upon the ticket. As usual, the rank and file clung to the par- 
 ties, and, although the ticket had over forty thousand votes, 
 the Republicans elected their candidates by a plurality equal 
 to the vote of Democrats and Independents combined. Not 
 having expected an election, it was no disappointment. The 
 Municipal Court now has thirty judges and is a very impor- 
 tant part of our judicial system. 
 
 I have not until very recently given any thought to the 
 fact that I am in the ranks of those b^vo^d the a! 1 o f tcd three 
 
86 CLASS OF '7(1, r.xivFKsrry OF MICHIGAN 
 
 score and ten. On realizing that four of the Class have passed 
 away since our re-union in 1920, two of whom were present 
 and apparently in almost as good a physical condition as I 
 was, I begin to realize that I shall not go on forever. At the 
 same time I hope to continue my interest in my daily pur- 
 suits and recreations, so long as I am permitted to do so, with- 
 out any unnecessary dwelling upon the inevitable shortness 
 of the time yet before me. 
 
 In looking back, the important thing, of course, with me, 
 as with us all, has been to make a living. That has rilled up 
 the length and breadth of life. Sometimes one feels that more 
 might have been done in this direction or that, either by way 
 of self-improvement or to help some other wayfarers. 
 
 When I wish to gain a little reflected glory in the eyes of 
 people I meet, I am apt to mention belonging to a class that 
 had among its members a Civil Engineer of world-wide rep- 
 utation, a Secretary of State and Judge of the Supreme Court 
 of the United States, two eminent newspaper men who be- 
 came Secretaries of great Expositions, to mention but a few, 
 and that three members of my Class, Day, as Secretary of 
 State ; Baker as Geographer, and Penfield, as Solicitor of the 
 Department of State, were present at the peace negotiations 
 ending the Spanish War. 
 
 I also sometimes mention that while principal of the 
 Peoria High School, I prepared Grier Hibben for Princeton 
 University. He is now its President, having succeeded Wood- 
 row Wilson. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 87 
 
 JUSTICE WILLIAM RUFUS DAY, B. S., LL. D. 
 
 Born at Ravenna, O., April 17, 1849. 
 
 Address: Washington, D. C. 
 
 In February, 1903, President Roosevelt nominated Justice 
 Day from the Circuit Court of Appeals to the United States 
 Supreme Court Bench, to which he was at once confirmed by 
 the Senate, and he took his seat on March 2 of the same year. 
 From that time to the present his judicial record shows con- 
 tinuous, efficient and distinguished services to our country in 
 its highest court. 
 
 Justice Day and wife were present at our Class re-union 
 at Ann Arbor in June, 1905. The Class remembers with much 
 pleasure their presence at our banquet table and the interest 
 they took in the welfare of all the "boys" and their families. 
 Two of their sons are almuni of our University. It will be 
 remembered that the Alumni of the University of Michigan 
 tendered Mr. Justice Day a great banquet in New York City 
 in February, 1911, at which a thousand or more sons of the 
 University, including a considerable number of our class were 
 present and enjoyed a most happy re-union. No pains were 
 spared to make the banquet a success. It was a very enthu- 
 siastic gathering and truly a national dinner and gave evi- 
 dence to the eastern portion of the country of the importance 
 of the great University of Michigan as an educational factor, 
 as well as showing the loyalty of her Alumni there assembled 
 from every part of the country. 
 
 The following letter explains itself: 
 
88 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Mackinac Island, Mich., Aug. 7, 1920. 
 Mr. C. S. Carter, 
 Secretary, Class of '70, 
 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
 Dear Carter: 
 
 I have your circular letter addressed to the survivors of the 
 Class of '70 asking- for data with a view to publishing a supple- 
 ment to our Class history. Complying therewith, I have to 
 say: 
 
 In March, 1903, I began service as a Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States, which I have found a steady job 
 from that time to this. Fortunately I have had sufficient 
 health and strength to attend to the duties of the place, except 
 for a severe attack of influenza in January, 1916, which inca- 
 pacitated me from service for the rest of that term. 
 
 In January, 1912, the greatest bereavement which can come 
 to a man overtook me in the loss of my wife after a married 
 life of thirty-six years. 
 
 Our boys all chose the profession of law. The two elder, 
 William and Luther, are practising law in the city of Cleve- 
 land. Stephen is following his profession in Chicago, and 
 Rufus, the youngest, is practising in Washington, D. C. I 
 make my home with Rufus and his family. My oldest son, 
 William L., was appointed to the Federal Bench by President 
 Taft, having previously served as United States Attorney by 
 appointment of President Roosevelt. After three years of 
 judicial service, he returned to the practice as he regarded the 
 judicial salary inadequate to support a growing family. I 
 have been greatly blessed by the success of my boys, and the 
 four fine daughters which they have brought into the family 
 by marriage, and an interesting and lively group of ten grand- 
 children. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 89 
 
 I need not repeat how much I regret my inability to be 
 with the boys at the Class Re-union last June. I have had the 
 pleasant experience of meeting some of them from to time in 
 Washington. As we grow older, the friendships of our youth 
 make the strongest appeal. I hope whenever you come 'my 
 way you will give me the pleasure of seeing you. 
 As ever, 
 
 Cordially your friend, 
 
 WILLIAM R. DAY. 
 
 CHARLES KEENE DODGE, A. B. 
 
 Born in Town of Blackman, Jackson Co., Mich, April 26, 1844 
 Died at Ann Arbor, Mich., March 22, 1918. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Jackson, Mich., July 21, 1876. 
 My Dear Boys of '70 : 
 
 Ori receiving this mammoth letter my enthusiasm was 
 almost too much for me, and I came very near letting off an 
 involuntary yell. Two years have now passed since gradua- 
 tion, and I believe every one of us is alive and doing well. 
 
 Autobiography. 
 
 In the summer of 1870, after much vexation of spirit, I 
 found a position as principal in a school at Rockland, Onton- 
 agon County, Mich., among the copper regions, where I have 
 since remained, and shall also teach there the coming year. 
 Boys, as to love matters you know at college I was always 
 very innocent and unpretending. 
 
 After leaving Ann Arbor, I even called myself "Innocence 
 Abroad the Second," but alas ! how the things of this world 
 will change. For instance, who would have thought that our 
 
90 CLASS OF ? TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 modest Ballenger was going to get the cup. Cupid has cer- 
 tainly hit me in the region of the stomach, but I cannot tell 
 you what may be the result. Boys, let me have all of your 
 prayers, for, as one of you says, the matrimonial testimony of 
 '70 is conflicting. 
 
 I saw Noble and "Dixie" Gilbert at the Sault Ste. Marie 
 Canal, Bird, Bumpus, Fleming, Mickle and Wing are at Jack- 
 son. Boys, I am going to vote for Greeley, but it is the hard- 
 est thing I ever did. 
 
 Yours for ever, 
 
 CHAS. K. DODGE. 
 
 Mr. Dodge continued the practice of law at Port Huron at 
 the same time holding a position in the U. S. Custom House 
 at that place up to the time of his death, March 22, 1918. 
 
 Some mystery surrounded the death of his widow, which 
 has not been solved so far as the Secretary of the Class knows. 
 Her bodv was found in St. Clair River October 16, 1918. 
 
 WILLIAM THOMAS EMERSON, B. S. 
 
 Born at Racine, Wis., July 23, 1848 Died at Racine, Wis., 
 August 29, 1897. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Racine, Wis., August IT, 1872. 
 Classmates of '70: 
 
 My half sheet to add to this mass of evidence of the pros- 
 perity of '70 has been delayed much longer than I should have 
 desired on account of illness, not that kind of illness we were 
 wont to have three or four years ago, but a real bona fide case 
 of gripes and summer complaint, which, however, leaves me 
 just now rather weak in the pins, etc. I had quite the stand- 
 
DKI'AltTMKXT OF LlTKRATT'RK, SciKXCE AND ARTS 91 
 
 arc! amount of "feeling" on receiving this package direct from 
 Edwards on the 7th of this month, and with the rest of you, 
 doubtless, shed my (crocodile) tears for poor Pat Bumpus. 
 No man of '70 who has with his eyes open got himself into 
 such a fix will receive any sympathy here, you bet. But that 
 is neither here nor there, so as desired I give you my eventful 
 history since graduation, to-wit : Spent part of the summer 
 and fall of '70 on Lake Michigan on the Lake Survey. From 
 December, '70, to the present time have been reading law in 
 a law office in Racine with but few interruptions. No pros- 
 pects of any marriage with me, nor the responsibility of any 
 additions to the population. 
 
 Yours in '70, 
 
 WILLIAM T. EMERSON. 
 
 Following item referring to the death of Mrs. Eliza Emer- 
 son, mother of our deceased classmate, is taken from the Ra- 
 cine Daily News under date of July 10, 1911 : 
 
 In the death of Mrs. Eliza Emerson, here Sunday, at the 
 age of almost 102 years, there passed away one of Southern 
 Wisconsin's most famous women pioneers. She was believed 
 to have been in fact the oldest woman in the southern part of 
 the state. 
 
 Mrs. Emerson was born Feb. 14, 1810, in New Hampton, 
 N, H., her maiden name having been Eliza Woodman. She 
 was married to Thoma= J. Emerson in 1843, and they came to 
 Racine in 1844. Her husband was the founder of the Racine 
 Linseed Oil Company. 
 
 Mrs. Emerson was a woman of many brilliant attainments, 
 being educated in Latin, Greek, Italian and French. She was 
 a graduate of New Hampton seminary, and at one time con- 
 ducted a seminarv at Parsonfield, where she taught classes in. 
 
92 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 the languages above named. She was a daughter of the Rev- 
 olution. 
 
 CHARLES S. EDWARDS, A. M. 
 
 Born in Marshall County, 111., November 6, 1840. 
 
 Address: Eldorado, Kansas. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Sparland, 111., Aug. 5, 1872. 
 
 Brothers of '70 : 
 
 On returning from a little visit of recreation I found this 
 little budget of letters in the office which before opening I 
 took to be a parcel of handbills from Carter announcing that 
 he, his son or grandson would lecture in our place, but was 
 much surprised to find the Class letter which 1 supposed to 
 be dead, dead, dead. In regard to my feelings on receiving 
 it I can only say, blessed be the man of '70 who originated the 
 idea of a Class letter. The all important question seems to 
 be are you married? Well, yes, I believe I am, according to 
 my understanding of the case, which event took place on the 
 28th of March, 1871, to Miss Mattie Boys of Lacon, 111. You 
 know I was always afraid of the girls, so thought I would 
 take one of the boys. Have you a competition for the cup? 
 Not any and my mind is greatly agitated with doubts and 
 fears in respect to the future. Oh, ye lawyers of '70 ! Already 
 ye are beginning to raise strife and that, too, among your 
 brethren. Now let Ballinger and Winchell alone. They are 
 honorable, upright men and will settle the baby question 
 amicably. 
 
DKI'AKTMKNT OF LlTKKATrKK, SriKNO'K AND ARTS 1)3 
 
 Ah, Pat ! I thought you would go astray when I was no 
 longer beside you to pull your hair and minister the rod of 
 correction. I pray you mend your ways. 
 
 Success and prosperity to all of '70. 
 
 Yours forever in the bonds of '70, 
 
 C. S. EDWARDS. 
 
 Edwards remained at York, Neb., until about 1910, when 
 he removed to Eldorado, Kan., to be near relatives. He has 
 been able to attend but one Class reunion. In 1910 he sent 
 word that he regretted he could not go to Ann Arbor to meet 
 the class, but in referring to his health stated that, "the people 
 here generally take me to be from five to eight years younger 
 than I am. I am the wonder of all the people here that I can 
 do so much." He was then in his seventieth year. 
 
 In April, 1914, Edwards wrote from Eldorado, Kan., stating 
 that his wife had relatives there and none at York, hence their 
 change of residence. He also stated that his hearing had been 
 greatly impaired by a severe attack of typhoid fever in 1893 
 and that he had been compelled to abandon his profession of 
 teaching on that account ; that he was then following a quiet 
 life, doing a little dairy work ; that his health was fairly good 
 for one of his age. He said: "I often think of my old Class 
 mates and wonder how they are and where they are and what 
 they are doing. Am always glad to hear anything about them. 
 My best wishes always go with every member of my old 
 Class of '70. A tie was formed during those four years of 
 college life that nothing can ever sever." 
 
 After the death of Fearon, Foster and Edwards were the 
 two oldest members still living; Foster died Feb. 10, 1921. 
 
94 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 RUSSELL ERRETT, A. B. 
 Born at New Lisbon, O., September 6, 1845. 
 
 Address: Christian Standard, 8th, 9th and Cutter Sts., Cin- 
 cinnati, O. 
 
 Bro. Errett writes January 6, 1921 : 
 
 I would be glad to forward something with regard to my- 
 self, but the older I grow the less I am inclined to write at 
 all, particularly of my own personal affairs. It was my in- 
 tention to send something for the Class Reunion [last June], 
 but in the multiplicity of business it was entirely over- 
 looked. I will, however, take a few minutes this afternoon 
 and pen something that will answer for copy if it does noth- 
 ing more than that. 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 January 6, '1921. 
 
 MEMORANDUM. 
 
 Perhaps the most striking feature, to the Class, in this at- 
 tempted sketch, will be the fact that in the fifty years that 
 have intervened since the graduation, I have hardly seen a 
 classmate except at the reunion in 1910. Barring that oc- 
 casion, I do not remember having encountered a single one 
 of our number except Baker, shortly after graduation. 
 Whether this is due to Cincinnati's indubitable position as 
 the 'Hub of the Universe' requiring all subordinate bodies to 
 revolve around and never, no never, to pass through it I 
 leave to the wisdom of the Class. I simply record the fact. 
 
 Thanks to Friend Carter, who is obviously the best secre- 
 tary any Class ever had the darker side of our Class history 
 has inevitably been kept before us in the deepening shadow 
 
DEPABTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 95 
 
 of the fateful tidings, as one by one the boys pass over the 
 Great Divide. Yet, at 76 1 find how good the years have been 
 to us, that so many are now left. Surely in the light of this, 
 our Indian Summer, there is much to be thankful for amid 
 all the deplorable losses of the past. 
 
 On my own part, I am thankful for the fifty years of school- 
 ing given me since we took our Degrees. Following the 
 publishing business as a calling, I have spent fifty years in 
 the service of the Standard Publishing Company which in that 
 time has grown more than fifty fold. In that service I have 
 learned the value of the Sermon on the Mount, and believe it 
 to be the one panacea of the ills that now multiply around us. 
 
 That sums up my business life. 
 
 Have twice been married. First in 1879, to Mary Glass, of 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, whom I lost in 1888. We had three chil- 
 dren, all now living and all married. Hallie M., married to 
 Roy Slifer, Oakland, California; John P;, married to Aleen 
 Reed ; Corine V., married to Harry M. Baird, Jellico, Tenn. 
 
 Second in 1890, to Augusta Tomlinson, of Oxford, Missis- 
 sippi, having three children : Russell, (died in 1912) ; Mal- 
 colm, (died in 1913) ; Henry T., married to Mary Flynn. 
 
 Two grand children the children of John P. 
 
 My home is at Terrace Park, thirteen miles from Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, where we have lived for thirty-one years. 
 
 For further particulars look in any good history of the 
 Country. 
 
 RUSSELL ERRETT. 
 
96 
 
 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 97 
 
 ROBERT NEWTON FEARON, A. M. 
 
 Born in Madison County, N. Y., March 14, 1839. Died at 
 Ironton, O., January 18, 1910. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Oneida, N. Y., Dec. 1, 1874. 
 My Dear Classmates: 
 
 Upon arriving home this morning after an absence of about 
 two years, imagine my feelings when I unearthed a pile of 
 letters which upon examination I found to be the Class letter 
 of '70. At once I could see the ghosts of seventy familiar 
 faces rising up to accuse me. I criminate myself for want 
 of more precaution, but let me explain. Upon leaving home 
 some two years since, I left directions to have my mail for- 
 warded to me at Minneapolis, Minn., and ordinary letters were 
 so forwarded, but upon arrival of this, father interprets by 
 saying that he supposed it to be an old file of letters or papers 
 that had been sent to me for safekeeping, and without the 
 slightest examination laid them away and never said "boo." 
 Humbly begging the pardon of the Class, ane trusting that 
 'ere this other Class letters have been started, I will give a few 
 words of personal history and send the budget to our secre- 
 tary to be disposed of as he will better know how to dispose 
 of it. 
 
 February, '71, held the position of principal of the public 
 schools of Ionia, Michigan. Married during the summer vaca- 
 tion in New York state ; went to Minneapolis, Minn., engaged 
 in business during '72 ; acted as principal of the high school 
 of that city during '73 ; engaged in the flouring business in '74, 
 in which I am still engaged. Have a boy sixteen months old 
 and fair prospects for the future. Should there be another 
 
98 CLASS OF ? TO, TM\ KKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Class letter in circulation, hope it may not pass me and I will 
 take due precaution that it suffers no delay. 
 
 Fraternally Yours, 
 
 R. H. FEARON. 
 
 Mr. Fearon continued in the lumber business from 1903 up 
 to the time of his demise, which is described in the following 
 obituary notice : 
 
 Taken from the Ironton, O., Register, of January 27, 1910. 
 
 Sadness reigned last week in the home of R. N. Fearon, 
 husband, father, citizen, Christian gentleman, whose spirit took 
 its flight near the midnight hour Tuesday night, January 18, 
 1910, for that country from whence no traveler returns. The 
 visit of the messenger of death into this home was, however, 
 not unexpected as Mr. Fearon had been in very poor health 
 for over three long years and had at intervals during that time 
 been very low, but would survive, and improve sufficiently to 
 get away to other climes for relief. But death, that arch 
 enemy of us all comes as a grievious blow even though it is 
 expected. 
 
 About three years ago, Mr. Fearon's family physician found 
 his patient suffering with arterio sclerosis, or hardening of the 
 arteries, this trouble soon produced asthma and other compli- 
 cations and advised an immediate change of climate and 
 scenes, so at once Mr. Fearon and his ever faithful wife, went 
 to California for a prolonged stay, hoping to secure not only 
 temporary relief but a permanent cure. Several months were 
 spent in the most delightful part of that state, but at last a 
 longing for home and old associations brought them back to 
 Ironton, the patient improved, but not permanently benefited. 
 This has been repeated for two summers since the California 
 trip, each time going to Bay View, Mich., that most delight- 
 ful climate during the summer season. Here Mr. Fearon 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 99 
 
 could not only get the benefit of the bracing and healthful 
 Michigan climate, but was most of the time in that splendid 
 intelligent and religious atmosphere which abounds especially 
 during the summer Chautauqua held at that great resort. 
 Each season a nice quiet cottage was rented and there every- 
 thing known was applied to make the patient comfortable 
 and happy. After the return from Michigan last fall, there 
 seemed to be quite an improvement in Mr. Fearon's condi- 
 tion, indeed for some time he was able to attend the Sabbath 
 morning services at Spencer. This continued until about two 
 months ago, since which time he has gradually been growing 
 weaker and weaker until Tuesday morning, it was seen by all, 
 that the end was near. 
 
 During all these years of sickness all that loving hands and 
 hearts could do to make Mr. Fearon comfortable and free 
 from pain was done. After a faithful wife's exhaustion from 
 loss of rest and sleep, competent nurses were in attendance 
 and it was all so greatly appreciated by the sufferer, Mr. 
 Fearon often speaking of how every want was anticipated. 
 Twenty-five years ago, Mr. Fearon moved to Tronton from 
 Catlettsburg, where lie had been attracted on account of th? 
 Sandy Valley being such a great lumber producing section 
 of the country. He at once established the Fearon Lumber 
 Co. of which he was and has remained its president. Dunn " 
 the last few years of h?s active life with this company be 
 trained and educated a coterie of youngf men, who proved 
 to be experts in the business and have been able to conduct 
 the affairs of the company successfully all during the illneF- 
 and absence of their chief. During the life of this plant, it 
 vent through a very disastrous fire some 12 years ago, b"it 
 was rebuilt and its greatest success came after that time. At 
 one time Mr. Fearon w.s a member of the city counc 1 '!, but 
 
100 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 that is the only public office he ever held, declining all others. 
 He was a devoted member of Spencer M. E. church, a mem- 
 ber of the official board of that organization and one of the 
 real, solid substantial men of that institution, a man with 
 whom the minister was always glad to advise and consult and 
 to whom all the people could look with confidence and a fee 1 
 ing of genuine sincerity. 
 
 LUTHER ELLIOTT FERGUSON, C. E. 
 
 Born on a farm near White Pigeon, Mich., September 22, 1845. 
 
 Address : White Pigeon, Mich. 
 
 Seventy-five years old Sept. 22, 1920, I refer the other sur- 
 vivors of 'TO, who may be interested in this, my last autobio- 
 graphic sketch, to Carter's History of 1891, in which may be 
 found a few autobiographic statements in outline of my youth- 
 ful activities to that date. Further refer to Carter's History 
 of 1903 for more facts edited in the language of third person. 
 Note the difference in style. Since 1903, I have been busy for 
 the good of others ; producing foodstuffs in quantity sufficient 
 and in pleasing variety enough to feed indirectly all the sur- 
 vivors of '70. In working out this stunt I have enjoyed good 
 health, physically, mentally, morally. 
 
 In this month of October, 1920, I have picked off apples : 
 standing on a ladder and limbs of the trees on my orchard ; of 
 a prize quality, and in quantity for the coming winter need 
 of all the survivor's of '70. Come to Riverside, please, and 
 get your individual allotment. 
 
 When the great world war had been carrying on a month, 
 it occurred to me that the only way for me to read the history 
 of it would be day by day as the war progressed. So my 
 recreation for six vear has been a close study of events, and a 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 101 
 
 filing away of authentic facts. And when the armistice be- 
 gan, I commenced to formulate in my own mind how the final 
 peace terms should be arranged, and what should be the fate 
 of some of the belligerent nations, and rulers thereof, respons- 
 ible for the devastating fracas. 
 
 Then I thought of a possibility that nations should go to 
 war no more, and how this peace arrangement should be con- 
 summated. I wrote down my own views in anticipation of 
 what should be done at the coming peace conference. I will 
 say at the end of two years that my views of right, justice, 
 progress and prosperity have not been very closely followed 
 by the great statesmen of the world in their attempt at polit- 
 ical world reconstruction. 
 
 I am not pleased with the league of nations as written out. 
 
 My idea was : After a suitable preamble, to agree to and 
 sign up two resolutions by the peace makers in peace conven- 
 tion assembled, and invite all the nations of the world to sub- 
 scribe to it. Resolved by the undersigned allied nations in con- 
 vention assembled : That there shall be no more wars between 
 nations in the future. 
 
 Resolved, that we the undersigned association of nations 
 will take any and all situable peaceable measures to enforce 
 the principle set forth in resolution one. 
 
 Those two resolutions would have been acceptable by every- 
 one as the beginning, and sufficient to addition of details 
 later ; as agreement and harmony would dictate, to provide for 
 a yearly assembly of statesmen to work out international 
 problems. And a court of twelve eminent jurists in contin- 
 uous session to finally decide the right of all international 
 controversies. An association of nations should be founded 
 on a few principles of universal acceptance, subject to a con- 
 tinuous jprowth. from y^pr to yar, of additional principles as 
 
102 ('LASS OF 'TO, TXIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 could be agreed upon. However I shall not vote in the com- 
 ing referendum, Nov. 2, to advise our country to participate 
 in the league as set forth by the four great world statesmen. 
 
 ACHILLES FINLEY, A. B. 
 
 Born in Galloway Co., Mo., May 15, 1843. Died at Fulton. 
 Mo., May 15, 1916. 
 
 Mr. Finley served several terms as district attorney at Ful- 
 ton. Galloway County, Mo., and continued in the practice of 
 law at Fulton until his death. May 15, 1916. He never at- 
 tended any of the Class reunions and but little was heard 
 from him after he left the University. 
 
 EDWIN FLEMING, A. M. 
 Born at West Lebanon, Warren Co., Ind., December 11, 1847. 
 
 Address: Buffalo Club, Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 Edwin Fleming's father, Jackson Fleming, was a physician 
 at West Labanon, where Edwin's early education was ac- 
 quired in the common schools, supplemented by one year's 
 study at Indianapolis. He entered the University of Michi- 
 gan in September, 1865, but withdrew for one year during 
 which he taught school and returned in September, 1868, join- 
 ing the Class of '70, with which he was graduated. 
 
 In college he joined the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity, the 
 Alpha Xu literary society and was a member of the Univer- 
 sity Gle Club. \Ya> a speaker of the first Sophomore exhibi- 
 tion, at the Junior exhibition and at commencement exercises. 
 He was one of the editors of the University Chronicle. After 
 graduation he entered at once upon the profession of journal- 
 ism, joining the city staff of the Detroit Post. During the 
 winter of 1870-71, he had charge of the telegrapn desk of the 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 103 
 
 Detroit Tribune. Night work disagreeing with his health he 
 quit journalism for a time and read law at Ann Arbor from 
 February '71 to June '71, when he went to Kalamazoo to do 
 editorial work on the Daily Telegraph and then on the Jack- 
 son Citizen. In 1872 he resumed work on the Detroit Tri- 
 bune for six months, going to Washington in December '72, as 
 correspondent of that and other papers during the session of 
 Congress. Returned to Michigan latter part oT March, 1872, 
 and remained until Class reunion in June. He then started 
 on a trip to Europe. He and Lovell of '70, traveled together 
 through Scotland, England, Belgium, Germany, France, Italy 
 and Austria. Th~y met Darrow of '70 in Paris. Mr. Flem- 
 ing returned to Washington in the fall of 1874 and became th 
 Washington representative successively of the New York 
 Journal of Commerce ; the New York Commercial Bulletin ; 
 the Detroit Free Press (from 1875 to 1885) ; the St. Louis 
 Republic (from 1881 to 1885) ; the Buffalo Courier from 1876 
 to 1885; the Detroit Freee Press, from '75 to '85; living in 
 "Bachelor's Hall" with "The Judge." 
 
 From June 1, 1885, to the Pan American Exposition period 
 he was the editor of the Buffalo Courier. In 1899 he acted 
 as secretary to Mayor Diehl of Buffalo in organizing the ex- 
 position renlistment of citizens in the organization, securing 
 legislation at Albany and Washington, handling preliminary 
 details and so on. After incorporation, became secretary of 
 the Pan-American Exposition company, continued to be secre- 
 tary through the whole period of construction, operation and 
 winding up of the exposition, several years of unceasing ac- 
 tivity and whirl. After the exposition episode, returned in 
 1906 to editorial work on the Courier, and is there at the time 
 this is printed. Was present at the 50th anniversary of prad- 
 mtion. 
 
104 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Mr. Fleming says in one of his letters with reference to his 
 inability to be present at our reunion in 1910. 
 
 "I am greatly disappointed. 1 had been looking forward 
 with eager and pleasurable thoughts to the coming reunion of 
 'TO, hoping to see you all and to live over again with you those 
 fine, fruitful college days ; to surrender myself again to the 
 charm and exhilaration of that delightful, undefinable some- 
 thing called college spirit something that those who have 
 once known can never forget something that those who have 
 not known can never fully understand. I had hoped to enjoy 
 again with you all that choicest product of college spirit, class 
 comradeship something that is unattainable anywhere else 
 in the wide and wonderful world. I had hoped to see again 
 the old campus to note how the trees look as they grow old 
 with the rest of us ; to renew acquaintance with the old build- 
 ings if any of them are left; to look at the streets of the town 
 and the hills and the river ; to search for old landmarks and, 
 but I must not go on this way ; I may be taken for a senti- 
 mentalist, and sentimentalists are tabooed these pulsing 
 Rooseveltian days. I could not refrain, however, from throw- 
 ing out certain kinds of feelings that may lead you, too, to 
 feel that T shall be with you in spirit at your gathering." 
 
 MORRIS BISHOP FOSTER, B. S. 
 
 Born in Keelerville, Van Buren Co., Mich., January 15, 1843. 
 Died at Rector Township, Renville Co., Minn., Feb. 10, 1921. 
 
 A sketch of his early life appears in our former class book 
 issued in 1903. 
 
 Mr. Foster confined his declining years to the activities of 
 a farmer's life in Renville County, Minnesota, but had been 
 
DEPARTMKXT OF LITERATI-UK, SriKxru AND ARTS 1.05 
 
 associated with the progressive element of the community in 
 which he lived. He had not been situated so that he could 
 join us in our Class reunions much to his regret. Am in- 
 formed that he was for some years superintendent of schools 
 at Glencoe. In 1916 he was living on a farm in Renville 
 county. 
 
 Morris Bishop Foster was born at Hartford, Michigan, Jan- 
 uary 15, 1843, son of Ira and Caroline Bishop Foster, when 
 that was the frontier country. He spent his early years help- 
 ing to clear up the farm and going to district school winters. 
 
 The Civil War broke out when he was 17 years of age and 
 he was among the first to volunteer. When the period of his 
 first enlistment expired he re-enlisted for the duration of the 
 war. He served in Grant's River Campaign in Company D, 
 66th Illinois Volunteers, taking part in the engagements at 
 Fort Donaldson, Shiloh, Corinth and other places, and was 
 with Sherman's forces in that memorable march from Atlanta 
 to the sea. During part of his army service he was attached 
 to the general staff and carried dispatches for Brigadier Gen- 
 eral Dodge. This he looked back upon as the most perilous 
 of his army experiences, though at the battle of Shiloh but 
 one out of five of his company responded to roll call the next 
 morning. 
 
 At the conclusion of the war he returned to school, prepared 
 himself for college and entered the University of Michigan, 
 graduating with the class of '70. He afterward taught at 
 Benton Harbor and Saginaw, Michigan, and then came west to 
 Minnesota where he was superintendent of schools at Wa- 
 basha. While there, in 1874, he filed on a homestead in that 
 unexplored region which later became Hector Township, Ren- 
 ville County. Here he built the first frame house in the town- 
 ship. From Wabasha he cam to Glencoe as superintendent 
 
10(> CLASS OF -70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 of schools, improving and breaking up his homestead during 
 vacations. In 1878 he quit teaching and devoted himself en- 
 titrely to farming. He made his home on the old homestead 
 with the exception of a few years of residence in Hector until 
 he died. 
 
 His army experience, extending over a period of four years 
 of the most impressionable part of his life, left a lasting in- 
 fluence. He always retained the bearing and habits of a sol- 
 dier. 
 
 Born in a pioneer country and coming again to a pioneer 
 country as a young man, he became so imbued with the pio- 
 neer spirit that he remained a pioneer and was ever eager to 
 be among the first in a new field of endeavor. His delight 
 was in opening the way and in the accomplishment of new 
 undertakings rather than in following the beaten paths and 
 gaining advantages for himself. Between his 70th and 76th 
 years he laid several hundred rods of tile drain on his farm, 
 unassisted, though he had never seen tiling done until he 
 had reached three score and ten. He derived a great deal 
 of satisfaction in demonstrating that he had added a new ac- 
 complishment to his list. He was an enthusiastic and tireless 
 worker whose spirit never flagged ; standing courageously, 
 face to the front and asking no quarter. A considerable of 
 an idealist, a Puritan in spirit, his private life was self-deny- 
 ing and guided by the highest motives. With others he was 
 honest, frank and sincere, and to his family he displayed a 
 solicitous devotion. His whole life was a most active one. 
 
 Although asiduously pursuing his own business, he took an 
 active interest in all public matters and kept abreast with the 
 times. Despite his years he did not become an old man but 
 was -still an eager and enthusiastic participant in all the aflfairs 
 of life to the day of his last illness. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,, SCIENCE AND ARTS 107 
 
 \\hile teaching at Saginaw, Mich., he was married to Cath- 
 erine Louise Folwell, who remaained his devoted helper until 
 December, 1912, when she was called to the Great Beyond. 
 Although her death was the saddest of blows, he bore up un- 
 der it with his characteristic fortitude. 
 
 Me is survived by four children : Dr. Bainbridge Foster 
 of Spring Valley, Minnesota ; Mrs. E. C. Gaines and Robert 
 M. Foster of Buffalo Lake, and Thomas I. Foster, who reside 
 on the farm, and by two sisters, 'Mrs. Olivia Newton of Muske- 
 gon, Mich., and Miss Josephine Foster of Hartford, Mich. 
 
 GEORGE JAY FRENCH, A. B. 
 
 Born near Tekonsha, Mich., January 31, 1847. 
 
 Address : Homer, Mich. 
 
 Classmate French wrote December 22, 1920: 
 
 "I have neglected to send you any of my history for the 
 good reason that I have not made any that I consider worth 
 recording. Since my trip to New York, Philadelphia, Wash- 
 ington and Pittsburg in September, 1917, I have not traveled 
 much. Nineteen hundred twelve was the last time I saw the 
 city of Chicago and I have not seen Milwaukee since 1874. I 
 have been in Detroit, Grand Rapids, Lansing, Saginaw, Battle 
 Creek and Kalamazoo several times in the last 50 years. 
 
 Here is hoping that we all may meet again without the loss 
 of one in that brighter world beyond the sky. 
 
 I remain your friend and classmate, 
 
 GEO. J. FRENCH. 
 
 He says further: 
 
 I attended the commencement exercises at Ann Arbor in 
 June, 1917. My brother Henry N. French of the class of '67 
 and H. P. Churchill of the same class were there at that time 
 
108 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 to celebrate their 50th anniversary. I had a very pleasant 
 time, altho I did not meet any of '70 except Beman and Kint- 
 ner. In 1874, four of us from Homer took a trip from 
 Detroit to Chicago by boat via Lakes Huron and Michigan, 
 stopping at Mackinac, Charlevoix and Milwaukee. Two of 
 us went on as far as Janesville, Madison and Devils Lake near 
 Baraboo, where we saw much grand and beautiful scenery. 
 I think it would be well for us who now constitute what is 
 left of Class of 1870 to meet at A. A. once a year if possible. 
 I shall endeavor to be there next June and I hope to meet 
 many of the old familiar faces at that time. 
 
 Yours, 
 
 GEO. J. FRENCH. 
 
 Homer, Mich., April 14, 1921. 
 Dear Carter: 
 
 The sad announcement of the death of my old chum, Whit- 
 man, struck me with quite a shock. Whitman was my room- 
 mate for nearly 4 years at A. A., and I studied with him 
 sometimes in Judge Joslin's pagoda, situated in his capacious 
 grounds at Ypsilanti, on the border of the banks of the Hu- 
 ron. We slept together nearly 4 years, all the time, except 5 
 weeks I roomed with a medical student at Jones' place. Said 
 Jones was a retired Baptist preacher, who kept boarders just 
 across from the campus, northeast. He was the father of our 
 classmate Jones. 
 
 Whitman and I were sick a day or two in senior year while 
 living at Banister's, on State street. He employed Dr. Sager 
 and I employed Dr. Palmer, both of the medical faculty. W r e 
 moved our bed out from the wall, and each of us had a chair 
 or stand near, where we could readily reach our medicine. 
 Fortunately we recovered promptly from the malady which 
 
DKPAUTMKXT OF LITKUATTUK, SCIKNVK AND ARTS 109 
 
 took possession of us. I don't remember what was the mat- 
 ter with us, but I know he dropped down suddenly, some- 
 what like a person fainting. He has visited me once since 
 graduation, but I never went to see him. The last time I saw 
 him, I think, was in 1915, at Ann Arbor. He was well built 
 physically. He was quite an athlete. He had a cough while 
 at Ann Arbor, and was what we used to call of a consumptive 
 build, but he was generally in the enjoyment of good health 
 as far as I know. He roomed with Matthews a few weeks 
 while at Jones' place, but for some reason they could not har- 
 monize, and he solicited me as a chum and we stuck together 
 until graduation without any serious disagreement. 
 
 Yours, etc., 
 
 GEO. J. FRENCH. 
 
 During the past 3 or 4 months I have been writing a his- 
 tory of the earlier events of this locality, which have appeared 
 in the Homer Index, and seem to be of considerable interest 
 to readers of that paper. G. J. F. 
 
 CHARLES P. GILBERT, C. E., M. E. 
 
 Born at Bridgeport, Conn., March 16, 1846. Died at Los 
 Gatos, Cal., October 1, 1917. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 Sand Beach, Mich., May 16, 1875. 
 
 To the Classmates of '70, Greeting: 
 
 Having long since abandoned the hope of seeing the long 
 looked for Class budget, my joy on receiving it was the greater 
 in consequence. The letter has taken an overland trip to the 
 Sault and back again in its pursuit of me, its next claimant 
 and to that trip must be charged the soaked and streaked ap- 
 
110 CLASS OF ? 70, TMYKUSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 pearance which it now presents. I notice that it has slipped 
 my brother "Reb," Finley, and deem it but fair that it should 
 go back to him before going down the list. I send it to him 
 with the remark "Be virtuous and you will be happy." Hop- 
 ing that each member of our glorious old class will be as 
 much warmed in Class feeling as I have been 1 start it again 
 on its mission of friendship adding according to program my 
 own history. 
 
 I was married in Chicago on the 22nd of May, 1872, and am 
 now the father of a two-year-old daughter. The history of my 
 wanderings is as follows : I spent the summer of '70, looking 
 around for work, making Meyendorff a visit down in Illinois, 
 and finally accepted a situation as draughtsman in the office 
 of M., K. & T. R. R. at Sedalia, Mo. After a few months of 
 labor and associations by no means agreeable, I joined Meyen- 
 dorff on the Wabash river where a bridge was in course of 
 erection by the St. L. & S. E. Ry. Co. A few months of 
 pleasant work and companionship was followed by an inglor- 
 ious retreat from that delightful region which Davock has 
 well described, before an attack of ague (bona fide shakes 
 twice a day), I went to Chicago, and while recruiting was 
 irregularly employed reporting and writing for the R. R. Gaz- 
 ette, visiting several of the prominent bridges in the west for 
 that purpose. While thus engaged I received an appointment 
 as assistant upon the government work at Sault Ste. Marie, 
 Mich., which was then as now under the local charge of 
 Noble. After 3 l /2 years of both winter and summer work in 
 that decidedly cool region I was ordered to the Harbor of Re- 
 fuge building at Sand Beach, Mich., and placed in local charge 
 of the work, which position I still hold. I have secured for 
 Perry a position with me for the present season, and we have 
 enjoyed together the arrival of the Class letter. Engineers 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-RE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 111 
 
 are not expected to live among 1 civilized people, therefore I 
 have no right to complain that my life is, and must be, passed 
 away from social privileges, and am satisfied that I can be 
 contented and happy whenever I can have a comfortable home 
 with my family and envy no bachelor member of '70, who may 
 be fortunate enough to be surrounded by a large circle of 
 friends and acquaintances. 
 
 Sincerely Yours, 
 
 C. P. GILBERT. 
 
 After residing for a time at Berkeley, Cal., Gilbert made his 
 permanent home at Los Gatos, Cal., where he occasionally 
 saw John A. Baldwin. He wrote from there in June, 1910, 
 saying that he much regretted that it would be impracticable 
 for him to attempt to join us at our reunion that month, and 
 that he doubted whether he would ever undertake to cross the 
 continent again. He said : "Please express to Mr. and Mrs. 
 Beman my thanks for their kind invitation and to the class- 
 mates who attend, my cordial regards. I have the pleasure 
 here of meeting Baldwin occasionally." 
 
 His oldest daughter Jennie, married L. H. Earle, who re- 
 sides in Los Gatos, as do his widow and daughter Mary. 
 
 JUDGE FRANK GUNNISON, LL. B. 
 
 Born at Erie, Penn., Feb. 2, 1848. Died at Erie, Penn., April 
 
 23, 1919. 
 
 Honorable Frank Gunnison, President Judge of the courts 
 of Erie county, Pa., from January 1, 1887, to January 1, 1897, 
 died on April 23rd, 1919, in the seventy-first year of his age. 
 
 His father was one of the earlier leaders of the Bar of Erie. 
 Judge Gunnison was born into the higher circle of the pro- 
 fession, and was an heir to its best traditions. 
 
112 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 He received his training in the Erie Academy, the Univer- 
 sity of Michigan, and the Harvard Law School. Upon his ad- 
 mission to the Bar, he began a busy professional career which 
 continued almost to the hour of his death. His career as a 
 lawyer and a judge covered fifty years of continuous work. 
 
 His well-trained mind and strong common sense quickly 
 grasped the essential facts of apparently complicated matters, 
 and accurately applied the rules of law, reaching decisions 
 which were seldom overturned. He commanded the respect 
 of the public and the courts, not only because of the excellence 
 of his work, but because of his high standards of conduct, his 
 refinement of character, his charming personality, and his 
 spirit of helpfulness to all with whom he came in contact. 
 He had an ever present sense of humor which the most formal 
 occasion could not suppress, and which lightened the labors 
 of his associates and of every tribunal over which he presided 
 or before which he appeared. 
 
 But few of the associates of his youth now survive him, so 
 rapidly does the personnel of the Bar change with the passing 
 of the years ; but a generation of practitioners who came to the 
 Bar while he was upon the Bench and since, remember with 
 gratitude his kindness and assistance in their studies for ad- 
 mission and in their professional efforts. 
 
 He was a wise and safe counsellor ; no lawyer was ever 
 truer to the interests of his clients. He combined unusual 
 business judgment and experience with profound knowledge 
 of the law. He was not a lover of litigation and did not 
 hasten to advise it ; but when he felt that his client's rights 
 had been violated, he seldom ceased his efforts to obtain re- 
 dress until after the decision of the Court of last resort. 
 
 He was interested in public affairs, in the problems of so- 
 ciety and government: a student of legislation and of history; 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 113 
 
 and his wide reading was supplemented by extensive travel 
 in his own country and in foreign lands. He was one of the 
 most loyal of Americans ; a large part of his time was given 
 freely to the activities of the war, even when his health was 
 such as to make such efforts inadvisable ; and the last hours 
 which he spent at his office before his fatal illness overtook 
 him were devoted to this work. 
 
 OTIS ERASTUS HAVEN, A. M., M. D. 
 
 Born at Maiden, Mass., July 27, 1849. Died at Evanston, 
 Ills., February 3, 1888. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Evanston, 111., Nov. 20, 1875. 
 
 Ever Dear Classmates : 
 
 The bonds of 'TO are still dear to me and now after five 
 years of busy life since we parted upon graduation day seem 
 dearer than ever before. I am an old pedagogue. Am teach- 
 ing now and should not wonder if I always followed this 
 work. Immediately after graduating I went into the large 
 furniture house of A. H. Andrews & Co., in Chicago, as cor- 
 responding clerk. Remained there six months and then left, 
 heartily disgusted with my experience in business life. Then 
 went to McGregor, la., where I remained two years and a 
 third as principal of the school. Imagine your numble ser- 
 vant entering upon the duties of a principal over a school hav- 
 ing twelve teachers! Did I tremble? I'll never forget my 
 experience in opening the high school at morning exercises 
 that first Monday morning. Well, anyway, with all the trials 
 and tribulations I succeeded and so well that I concluded to 
 share the trials as well as the pleasure with a better half. So 
 on August 2nd, 1871, Miss Alice L. Sutherland and myself 
 
114 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 were united in the bonds of matrimony. After remaining in 
 McGregor two years, having received an appointment as sup- 
 erintendent of schools in this place I accepted, and here we 
 are in one of the most pleasant places in Illinois, 12 miles from 
 Chicago, and the seat of the Northwestern University. Here 
 we expect to remain. Our little girl three years old calls me 
 papa "Otis" Evasticus and other affectionate appellations. 
 The wife call's me "hub" and we three, wife, Gracie and my- 
 self are about as happy as happy can be. We pity all bachelor 
 members of '70. May their numbers continually grow less ! 
 I frequently meet members of '70, and sincerely desire that 
 if any of our Classmates ever pass this way they may make 
 their home with 
 
 Your Brother in '70, 
 
 O. E. HAVEN. 
 
 JAMES ALFRED HAYWARD, C. E. 
 
 Born at Dublin, Cheshire Co., N. H., September 12, 1849. 
 Drowned in Gulf of Mexico, off the Texas Coast, Aug. 12, 1880. 
 
 Galveston, Texas, Nov. 13, 1876. 
 
 Fellow Classmates: 
 
 The Class letter reached me in New Orleans a few days 
 ago on the eve of my departure for this place, and I take this, 
 my first opportunity, to add to its volume. It is useless for 
 me to try to express in words my feelings as I carefully read 
 the history and the experiences of my beloved Classmates. 
 I will therefore briefly add my autobiography. Since Class 
 Day of 1870 my life has been an eventful one. To attempt a 
 full history would be to write a small volume. I have seen 
 both prosperity and adversity in its various tips and downs. 
 I have worked as a day laborer and positions commanding 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 115 
 
 good salaries. I have enjoyed a season of most perfect happi- 
 ness, and passed through one of the severest trials that ever 
 mortal man can be called upon to endure. Briefly : Soon after 
 Class Day '70, I went to Kansas where I soon secured work 
 as assistant on the St. L. L. & D. R. R. My eye sight failing 
 I was compelled to abandon my situation. I then secured 
 work on the L. L. & G. R. R., first as wiper in the engine 
 house, then as fireman on a locomotive. In the spring of '71 
 left that road and endeavored to amass a fortune by publish- 
 ing maps. Fortune smiled and frowned upon me in this en- 
 terprise until her frowns, combined with a protracted illness 
 compelled me in the summer of '72 to abandon that business. 
 I then went to Winona, Minn., and secured a position as fire- 
 man on a locomotive on the W. & St. P. R. R. I remained 
 there three months, when having entirely recovered my 
 health I accepted a situation as draughtsman and deputy 
 county surveyor in La Crosse, Wis. I remained there as 
 long as the work lasted and during the winter proceeded to 
 Milwaukee, Wis., Chicago, 111., and finally Rock Island, 111., in 
 search of work. Failing to secure it I I embarked in the map 
 business again and joined Willits and Waters as silent part- 
 ner in publishing maps of Rock Island and Moline, 111., and 
 Davenport, la. Here fortune frowned again and I had but 
 little to show for that winter's work when in July '73, I de- 
 parted to see my prospective wife in Kalamazoo, Mich. While 
 on this visit fortune smiled, for I learned through Bird of a 
 chance to earn some money in Texas and received through 
 Ripley an appointment as draughtsman on a government sur- 
 vey then in his charge. Afterwards through Mr. Ripley's in- 
 fluence I received an appointment as Asst. U. S. Engineer, 
 which I retained until March '75, a portion of the time having 
 charge of a surveying party, and a part of the time stationed 
 
11(> CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 at the iiTouth of the Mississippi river to assist on important 
 work there. July 26, '73, previous to my going South, I mar- 
 ried Miss Ida Upjohn of Kalamazoo, Mich., formerly of Ann 
 Arbor and well known to many of my Classmates. The win- 
 ter of '74-75 she passed with me in New Orleans and in March 
 '75, I returned with her to Michigan. For a few months I 
 remained in idleness, ( but in the fall of '75, accepted an offer 
 from Bird and Mickle of Jackson and joined them on a small 
 salary in the map business. I remained with them until 
 March '76. It was then that I passed the happiest hours of 
 my life and enjoyed for a brief period those blessings which 
 make life so dear to us all. Anxiously I looked forward to 
 the time when nothing should be wanting to make my happi- 
 ness complete, but alas ! On the 26th of April '76, my wife 
 gave birth to a dead child and followed it in a few hours to 
 that life we know not of. And now I am left to plod alone 
 this weary world of woe, doubly lonesome in the loss of her 
 I loved so dearly. 
 
 The north becoming distasteful to me I returned last June 
 to New Orleans. For a while I amused myself in publishing 
 in the "Engineering News" and "Chicago Times" attacks up- 
 on Capt. Jas. B. Ead's Jettie Works at South Pass, Mississippi 
 river. * * :i I had a situation as Asst. U. S. engineer offered 
 me there, but refused to take it. Early last month I received 
 an appointment as draughtsman in the U. S. Engineers' office 
 in New Orleans, and a few days ago an appointment as U. S. 
 Asst. Engineer, and given charge of an important survey in 
 Galveston Bay. I have decided to make New Orleans my fu- 
 ture home. I will now pass the Class letter over to Ripley 
 who will, I trust, say his say. After which it will be forwarded 
 as suggested by Noble. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,, SCIENCE AND ARTS 117 
 
 Hoping prosperity and happiness will be the lot of all my 
 beloved classmates, 
 
 I am in '70 forever yours, 
 
 J. A. HAYWARD. 
 
 JOHN COLLINS ROWLAND, M. S. 
 Born in Mundy, Genesee Co., Mich., September 27, 1849. 
 
 Address: 106 South Brook Court, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Mr. Howland has devoted much of his time for the last 20 
 years to law matters arising in the Land Department in Wash- 
 ington. About 1907 he had the very great misfortune of 
 breaking a leg. He later had a fall and broke a rib which ag- 
 gravated his difficulty. He manages to get about, however, 
 by the aid of a crutch and a cane. He attended our reunion 
 in June last and was cheerful and happy. The boys were de- 
 lighted to see him once more. He has the sympathy and best 
 wishes of all his classmates in his misfortune. 
 
 FRANK HOWARD HOWE, A. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Green Bay, Wis., May 10, 1850. Died in New York 
 City, December 29, 1897. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Washington, D. C., Dec. 2 , 1876. 
 
 To my former Classmates of 1870: 
 
 The Class letter which I find was started some five years 
 ago reached me for the first time the other day through the 
 kindness of Messrs. Thayer and Adams. I make haste to add 
 my contribution to those that have gone before. My life has 
 passed very pleasantly and rapidly for the past six years. I 
 
118 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 have spent most of it in the "City of magnificant distances" 
 where I propose making my future home. In the summer of 
 1872 I was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the 
 D. C. as a graduate of the Columbia Law College. And since 
 the summer of 1873 I have been practicing my profession. 
 My history, I think, can be briefly summed up in those two or 
 three sentences. As one of those who has written before me 
 has said the life of a lawyer is exceedingly monotonous. One 
 must look for interesting passages and thrilling adventures 
 rather in the lives of the Engineers of the Class. I think 
 Meyendorff, for instance might be able to add a very read- 
 able chapter to the Class history by narrating the story of his 
 life on the Montana plains and in the California mountains. 
 Being but a plain attorney myself, I can but regret my in- 
 ability to say anything very interesting or amusing and to 
 subscribe myself with the best wishes for you all. 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 F. H. HOWE. 
 
 WASHINGTON HYDE, Ph. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Farmington, O., May 7, 1847. 
 
 Address: Warren, O. 
 
 Mr. Hyde has continued in the active and successful prac- 
 tice of law at Warren, O., since 1903. He attended the semi- 
 centennial reunion last June. He is President, Treasurer and 
 Attorney of the Warren & Niles Telephone Company, which 
 has grown to be a corporation of more than one-half million 
 assets and nearly 6,000 telephones, and is President and 
 Treasurer of The King Furniture Manufacturing Company of 
 Warren, O., of which he is a large owner; and President of 
 The Warren Rubber Company, a wholesale jobbing house 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,, SCIENCE AND ARTS 119 
 
 with $300,000 assets. Mr. Hyde has recently been elected 
 President of the Trumbull County Bar Association of Trum- 
 bull County, Ohio. 
 
 His youngest son, Clarence, who was with the American 
 army in the great war was killed on "Flanders Field" Octo- 
 ber 31, 1918. He has five children and eight grand children 
 living. His second son, Edward, was admitted to the Ohio 
 Bar last December and is now engaged with him in the prac- 
 tice of law at Warren, under the firm name of Hyde & Hyde. 
 
 Mr. Hyde's health was never better, physically or mentally. 
 He is very busy caring for his large business interests and 
 law practice. 
 
 FRANCIS WAYLAND JONES, A. M., LL. B. 
 
 Born at Hamburg, Washtenaw Co., Mich., August 23, 1849. 
 Died at Los Angeles, Cal., January 8th, 1905. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Chicago, 111., June 16, 1877. 
 
 In adding my postscript to '70's volume I am reminded by 
 its size that "personals" only are acceptable ; therefore : The 
 first year after we separated I spent at "Alma Mater" pur- 
 suing a post graduate course in Latin and Greek and receiving 
 M. A. degree on examination, at the same time taking a course 
 of lectures in the law department. In September '71, I was 
 called to take charge of Mathematics in Wayland Seminary,. 
 Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, where I had prepared for college. 
 
 The fall and winter of '72 I spent at Climax, Michigan in 
 charge of the school at that place, remaining there till Feb- 
 ruary, '73, when I moved to Washington, D. C., for the pur- 
 pose of completing my law studies, at the same time receiving 
 
120 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 an appointment in the Treasury Department on examination 
 under the Civil Service rules, ranking eighth in a class of about 
 525. 
 
 In May, '74, I graduated from the law school of the Nation- 
 al University, was admitted to the bar of the District of Colum- 
 bia and immediately resigned my position in the Department 
 and removed to Chicago, where I have since been engaged in 
 the practice of the law. 
 
 To the world at large my matrimonial prospects remain in 
 statu quo, but to the boys of '70, I will admit a contract (not 
 of record) which, when carried out, will, I trust, enable me 
 to extend a cordial invitation to all of '70 to come and see us 
 as they pass through this great metropolis. 
 
 In the meantime dire vengeance on the man who dares to 
 pass through Chicago without calling at 84 Washington street, 
 room 3. 
 
 Am well pleased to have heard from so many of the boys 
 of '70 and of their prosperity and promising to attend to Malt- 
 man's invocation in regard to our reunion, 
 
 I remain as ever in '70, 
 
 F. W. JONES. 
 
 Mr. Jones died at Los Angeles, Cal., January 8, 1905, and 
 was thus spoken of by the Press at that place : 
 
 Francis W. Jones, assistant secretary of the Los Angeles 
 Title, Insurance and Trust Company, died early yesterday 
 morning after a brief illness. The immediate cause of his 
 death was hemorrhage of the brain, superinduced by overwork. 
 
 Mr. Jones was well known among the business fraternity of 
 this city, having been connected with a number of enterprises 
 for the past ten years. 
 
 He was a graduate of the University of Michigan and also 
 of the Columbia College of Law at Washington, D. C., where. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 121 
 
 as a young man, he was admitted to the bar. After practicing 
 for a number of years in the Capital City, he was named by 
 President Garfield to a responsible position in the National 
 Treasury where he served through the Garfield and Arthur 
 administrations. About ten years ago he came to Los Angeles 
 and has been interested in public affairs in this city ever since. 
 
 Mr. Jones was fifty-five years of age and leaves beside his 
 widow, three daughters, Elizabeth, Ethel and Marie. His 
 death occurred at the family residence at 12 :30 Sunday morn- 
 ing. 
 
 Though pressed with many business cares, Mr. Jones gave 
 a generous part of his time to church work. He was an hon- 
 ored member of the Temple Baptist Church and was a trustee 
 of the church at the time of his death. 
 
 REV. EUGENE KETCHUM, B. S. 
 
 Born at Pulaski, Hancock Co., 111., April 13, 1840. Died at 
 Waverly, Iowa, November 16th, 1906. 
 
 Our Classmate Ketchum had quite a remarkable life, con- 
 sidering that he was practically blind from his 15th year until 
 he was about twenty-four years of age. He deserved great 
 praise for accomplishing what he did. The following letter 
 from his daughter gives the details concerning the close of his 
 active life. 
 
 Riceville, Iowa, June 22nd, 1907. 
 Dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 Mamma receieved your very kind letter some time ago and 
 has asked me to fulfill your request concerning papa's last 
 illness. 
 
 Our home was in Waverly from the summer of 1904 until 
 November last. Papa's health had failed rapidly during the 
 
122 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 past summer but he was not confined to his bed until about 
 November 2nd, when he was suddenly attacked with typhoid. 
 During the following three weeks he was delirious most of the 
 time. The afternoon before his death, he was conscious a 
 few hours although almost too weak to speak. 
 
 All the children were home during the last week except 
 Vesta, the eldest, who had left last July for Pasadena, Cal., to 
 take up nursing. He was so low from the very first that the 
 doctors thought she could not get home in time. 
 
 He passed away without any suffering on the morning of 
 the 17th. A short service was held at the house on Sunday 
 morning, and in the afternoon the family left for Riceville 
 where the public funeral was held on Monday. The remains 
 were buried in the local cemetery. 
 
 Since then mamma and Jennie have stayed with Ethel in 
 Riceville and Alice, who taught seventh grade in Waverly, 
 remained there together with Floyd, who attended the High 
 School. 
 
 Hoping this may prove to be what you desired I beg to 
 remain, 
 
 Yours sincerely, 
 
 EDITH L. KETCHUM. 
 
 CHARLES J. KINTNER, C. E. 
 
 Born in Town of Boone, Harrison Co., Ind., April 19, 1848. 
 Address: 309 N. Ingalls St., Ann Arbor, Mich. 
 
 After serving many years in the patent office at Washington 
 as an expert in the field of electricity, Mr. Kintner removed to 
 New York City and opened an office and took up the practice 
 of a patent lawyer, engaging in controversies over the use of 
 electricity in connection with patents. He also invented and 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 123 
 
 took out patents in his own name for various applications of 
 electricity. Was an expert in patent causes. He was a great 
 student and applied himself very closely, in fact too closely 
 for his own good health. His broken health, doubtless, re- 
 sults from too strenuous an application to his life work in his 
 profession. Mr. Kintner retired from active work some time 
 ago and returned with Mrs. Kintner to their Ann Arbor home. 
 It is great consolation to the Class to know that our dear 
 "Charlie Kintner" is receiving every care possible from a de- 
 voted wife. We sincerely regretted that his ill-health did not 
 permit of their attendance at our semi-centennial banquet last 
 June. 
 
 JUDGE OWEN EDGAR LE FEVRE, Ph. B. 
 
 Born in the Town of Little York, O., August 6, 1848. Died 
 at Denver, Colorado, March 28, 1921. 
 
 To the Members of My Class, Thirty-three in Number, Greet- 
 ings: 
 
 After the lapse of these fifty years, I again am in your 
 midst, at least in spirit. To recall the intervening years since 
 June of '70, is to review my life almost in its entirety, only 
 faintly recalling the days which I had passed before that time, 
 and they were days of unalloyed happiness. 
 
 But in June, 1870, my days of work actually began and were 
 continued uninterruptedly until I quit the Bench in 1902, to 
 take an enforced vacation, which has been prolonged until this 
 date. When I retired from the Bench I was past 52 years 
 of age, and not desiring to resume the practice of the law, I 
 longed to see more of other countries and to give more time 
 to travel, and the study of art. I had previously, on two oc- 
 casions, been in England, France, Holland and Italy. Whether 
 
124 CLASS OF '70, r NIVI-: us rrv OF MICHIGAN 
 
 I had good and sufficient reasons for that quitting I am un- 
 able to say but quit I did. While abroad I lived in Berlin, 
 Florence, Oxford, England and Paris, two or more years in 
 each city ; engaged in the study of art, history and the various 
 social conditions there confronting us. My life while there 
 was a busy one and a happy one until it was brought to an 
 end by the world's war, in the closing days of 1913, before 
 open hostilities began in 1914. At sundry times I returned 
 to America, and in the meantime visited different parts of my 
 own country as well as Egypt, the Holy Land, India and the 
 far East, where I met our genial and able friend Judge Thayer, 
 in China. 
 
 So you will understand that my years, since I became one of 
 the world's daily workers in 1870, have almost been contin- 
 uous, either at work or play, both having been rather stren- 
 uous. Thirty years in the law, and twenty years in travel. 
 
 The time passed in Oxford was perhaps the most delight- 
 ful, because I was attending the University, and had with me 
 as classmates my wife, who was a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan 
 College, and my daughter, who had been graduated from Bryn 
 Mawr College, in 1905, and who had been with me since that 
 time, pursuing her musical work in the aforementioned 
 cities up to 1912, when she became Mrs. Bellamy. 
 
 The days spent in Norway and Sweden were delightful. 
 The time on the Nile and in Egypt was so novel that I would 
 gladly pass it again ; while the trip through the Holy Land 
 made more sacred the spots visited by our Savior. The visit 
 to India and seeing its hordes of the poor, rejoiced me to leave 
 it. But the visit to Japan refreshed us, because of the uni- 
 versal, kindly, attributes of its people; and the travel and a 
 somewhat prolonged stay in Russia impressed me with the 
 natural wealth of that now impoverished land. . 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 125 
 
 I have accomplished nothing since I retired worthy of pub- 
 lic notice. In closing' I wish only to make mention of some- 
 thing of rather painful interest to me, and it is this. In Feb- 
 ruary, 1906, I had a stroke of paralysis which has partially in- 
 capacitated me from active life, and this will account for my 
 absence from Ann Arbor at the times of our class reunions. 
 I am not so enfeebled that I cannot and do not send my love 
 to each and every member of the Class of '70 now living. 
 
 Your Classmate, 
 
 OWEN E. LE FEVRE. 
 
 The Denver Post of March 28, 1921, contained the follow- 
 ing: 
 
 Colorado and the west are poorer today, because, through 
 the death of Owen E. Le Fevre, which occurred at his home, 
 1311 York street, at 4 o'clock Monday morning, a splendid 
 imagination, unwavering and undaunted courage as applied 
 to Colorado, are no more. 
 
 Born in the town of Little York, Ohio, Aug. 6, 1848, Owen 
 E. Le Fevre was one of the young easterners who came west 
 with the determination of making it richer and better for his 
 coming, and through persistent effort that hope was fulfilled 
 through great mining and agricultural efforts, in his profes- 
 sion of the law, as public official and in the cultural movements 
 of the community. 
 
 As a pupil in the district schools of Ohio and later in the 
 preparatory department of Antioch college, Owen E. Le Fevre 
 glimpsed the vision of what an American citizen should be. 
 
 For three years he had watched the struggle between north 
 and south and, although but 16 years old, he made up his mind 
 to have a hand in settling the great issue involving the integ- 
 
126 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 rity of the union. Leaving his classroom, he en listed with the 
 154th Ohio volunteers and shared their fortunes until muster- 
 ed out of the service. 
 
 Returning home, he completed preparations for the Univer- 
 sity of Michigan, arfd entering the junior class of that institu- 
 tion he graduated with honors in June, 1870. 
 
 Like many another of America's distinguished lawyers 
 Owen E. Le Fevre taught school to pay his living expenses 
 while studying law and his first associations in this profes- 
 sion were John A. McMahon and George W. Houck of Day- 
 ton. 
 
 But the west the real west called to the young patriot 
 and, having married Miss Eva French on the day she grad- 
 uated from the Weslyan university, he began his journey west- 
 ward, with his lovely bride, toward opportunity for construc- 
 tive service and fortune. 
 
 In June, 1873, the Owen E. Le Fevre arrived in Denver and 
 selected the Highlands as the scene of their home. Almost 
 immediately the community realized the presence of a vitaliz- 
 ing force, not alone through the energetic mentality of Mr. 
 Le Fevre but in the sincere culture and forward looking quali- 
 ties of his wife. 
 
 The Le Fevre's home, remote as it seemed from the city's 
 activities, became a center of a charming social and intellect- 
 ual life, and there many of the plans, which later matured into 
 beauty spots for Denver and into organizations whereby a 
 community's humaneness is reckoned, were evolved. 
 
 As a native of Ohio, Owen E. Le Fevre admitted that he 
 must take an interest in politics, and so, in 1875, he became 
 attorney for the Highlands and was re-elected in 1876. In 
 1885 he became mayor of the suburban community, then not 
 an integral part of Denver. Having moved into "the city" 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,. SCIENCE AND ARTS 127 
 
 by 1892, he was elected judge of the county court on the Re- 
 publican ticket at a time when Populists were carrying every- 
 thing before them. In 1804, at the expiration of his term as 
 county judge, he was elected to the district court. 
 
 But the part which Owen E. Le Fevre played in the de- 
 velopment of Colorado's resources proved the imagination and 
 vision of the man. 
 
 The fortune left by Owen E. Le Fevre came from the earth. 
 With his friend, the late A. E. Reynolds, and Henry Wolcott, 
 he went into Creede and risked a fortune in the New York 
 Chance mine, which, through its flood of silver, repaid his 
 faith a thousand fold. 
 
 Having accumulated a competence upon which he might 
 have retired, Mr. Le Fevre wanted to demonstrate the arid 
 land of Colorado might be made to produce crops, and to this 
 end he purchased land east of Denver, invested in machinery 
 and, by a system of deep tillage, proved his contention and 
 achieved one of the splendid show farms of the state. 
 
 But Owen E. Le Fevre was wise enough to realize that 
 man must play as well as work, and so with his wife and 
 daughter, Frederika, now Mrs. Harry E. Bellamy, he went 
 on far journeys, which took him into all civilized countries 
 where a sure art sense and deep appreciation for literature 
 enabled him to become the possessor of art objects and books 
 unequaled in this section of the country. 
 
 Perhaps Owen E. Le Fevre was the interesting man he was 
 to his hosts of friends and even to casual acquaintances be- 
 cause he was so deeply 'interested in all that pertained to life 
 and living. He was interested in music, in painting, in writ- 
 ing, in public speaking, in young men who wanted to get on 
 in the world and were faced with the same stark problems of 
 existence that he had faced, in the theater and to the splendid 
 
128 CLASS OF 'TO, UMVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 war service rendered by Mrs. Le Fevre and Mrs. Bellamy, he 
 gave unstinted sympathy and endorsement. 
 
 In the early days, when Denver's social life was crystaliz- 
 ing in clubs, Owen E. Le Fevre was an active force in creat- 
 ing the Denver and Country clubs and was one of the pic- 
 turesque figures in the gentlemen's driving club. For several 
 years Mr. Le Fevre's health had been failing and his death 
 was the culmination of many months of suffering. 
 
 Surviving this estimable citizen are his widow, Mrs. Eva 
 French Le Fevre ; his daughter, Mrs. Bellamy, a ranking per- 
 sonality in all art movements, and a granddaughter. 
 
 Funeral services will be held Wednesday afternoon at St. 
 John's cathedral. 
 
 Our classmate, C. M. Boss, was in Denver on the day of 
 Le Fevre's funeral, but he was not aware of our great loss 
 until sometime later. 
 
 VINCENT SMITH LOVELL, A. M. 
 
 Born at Elgin, 111., May 2, 1845. Died at Scranton, Pa., Dec. 
 
 7, 1892. 
 
 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Elgin, III., April 16, 1877. 
 
 My Dear Boys: 
 
 Bush, who is now practicing law in Chicago, came out to 
 spend Sunday with me so that we might read over the Class 
 letter, which came a few days before, together; and we had a 
 grand good time doing it, and recalling old faces and associ- 
 ations. 
 
 Bush will deliver the packet to Maltman and Jones, who 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 129 
 
 are both in Chicago, after whom will come Mickle, and then 
 Aloses, who is now professor of history in the University of 
 California, Berkeley, Cal. The only ones who will then have 
 failed to report will be Boss, Finley, Foster and Ketchum, 
 none of whose addresses I know. 
 
 The bundle is getting so bulky that I will only add as briefly 
 as possible my biographical contribution : 
 
 A few weeks after graduation in 1870, I went to Albany, N. 
 Y., where I remained two years with the Albany Argus, one 
 of the oldest newspapers in the state, first year as night editor, 
 and second year as managing editor. My health giving out I 
 returned home in the summer of 1872, and remained for about 
 a year, when Fleming and I met at '70's reunion at Commence- 
 ment '73, and thence started for Europe together. We were 
 chums for about a year together in the old country, seeing 
 something in the meantime of Scotland, England, Belgium, 
 Germany and France, Italy and Austria, and of course en- 
 joying ourselves immensely. Our companion in arms in Paris 
 for about two months was Darrow of '70. In the summer of 
 1874, I left him at Leipzig, along with Dawson of '70, Walters 
 of '68, and other fellows, and returned to Elgin. Soon after 
 began work as associate editor of Chicago Evening Post, in 
 which I was and still am a shareholder and remained till sum- 
 mer of 1876, when I again went to Europe, and was married 
 in August, 1876, at Hamburg, near the Rhine, in Germany, to 
 Eliza A. Hadwen, an English girl, whose acquaintance I had 
 made three years before in Rome. We took a tour through 
 the Black Forest and Tyrol, and came to America last autumn 
 in season to see something of the exposition in_ its closing 
 days. Am for the present at my old home in Elgin, 111., where 
 letters would always reach me, and where '70 is of course 
 alwavs welcome. 
 
130 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 There are about 30 more boys to write, and we ought to get 
 the letter around surely by '78, and have it at the reunion. 
 
 Yours always, 
 
 V. S. LOVELL. 
 
 JOHN SCOTT MALTMAN, B. S., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1843. Address No. 123 South 
 Broadway, Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Steamship Bombay, February 23, 1906. 
 Dear Classmate : 
 
 I desire to report myself in the land of the living. Am now 
 on my way westerly to America, where I hope to arrive about 
 January, 1907. Left New York for a trip around the world 
 by the easterly route, August, 1904; got as far as Egypt only 
 February, 1905 ; wishing to visit Japan, and the Russian fleet 
 being just ahead of me I changed my plans, taking the west- 
 erly route, arriving in America after an absence of one year. 
 Stopped a few days at Los Angeles before resuming my jour- 
 ney and learned the sad news of the deaths of Wells and 
 Jones. This was indeed sad news. I missed them very much 
 as we had been in the habit of meeting each other daily when 
 they lived in Los Angeles. Have been traveling via Honolulu 
 Japan, China, Singapore, Penang, Ceylon and India, making 
 extensive detours in the latter country, crossing from Calcutta 
 to Bombay my last stopping place. Will next visit Egypt 
 again and the Nile, then Palestine, Greece, Constantinople and 
 Italy again, Switzerland, France again, also the British lies 
 again. Last year I took in Tangiers, Gibralter and much of 
 Spain. I go by easy stages and hope to arrive in America 
 about January next, as I said before. Traveling agrees with 
 me. To see new places and new people is a constant pleasure. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 131 
 
 I feel quite at home now on board an ocean liner, and don't 
 see how I can ever rest in one place any more ; surely not as 
 long as I have the health and strength to endure its fatigues 
 of travel. I have often regretted my absence from the St. 
 Louis Class reunion in 1904. I was in Northern Canada then. 
 Arrived in St. Louis one week late. Stayed two days but 
 suffered so with the heat I did not see anyone I knew. A 
 month later I returned and stayed until it was time to sail 
 from New York. About this time I called on Dawson and 
 Whitman in Chicago, and had a letter from Day. All were 
 well and prospering. Of course it would be great pleasure 
 to hear from you. I hesitate to ask this favor knowing, as I 
 do, that much time has been given by you to Classmates in 
 such matters. I trust good fortune has favored you. I surely 
 'wish you success and happiness in all your undertakings. 
 Should you favor me with a few lines please address me at 
 Jerusalem, Palestine care Thomas Cook & Son. That com- 
 pany has offices along the main traveled routes and are al- 
 ways ready to receive and forward mail to travelers. 
 Most cordially and sincerely your old Classmate, 
 
 J. S. MALTMAN. 
 
 London, England, June IT, 1910. 
 My dear Carter: 
 
 Accept, please, my heartfelt greetings for yourself and my 
 dear old classmates. Though far away in Old England. I 
 will be with you in spirit on June 29th at the Ann Arbor re- 
 union. 
 
 Your circular letter was received ; and what do I read there? 
 That all the boys, except one, are passed the age of sixty 
 years. This seems impossible. To me they are the same as 
 of yore, without a gray hair or wrinkle. 
 
132 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Am one of the oldest of the class and very, very far below 
 the age of sixty. If proof were needed you should have heard 
 me sing a college song just now. 
 
 The cause of this was a pretty girl, ten years of age, who 
 sat at my side, and among other prattle, said she was really 
 a very pretty girl. Whereupon I struck up the old college 
 song: 
 
 "The prettiest girl that e'er I saw, 
 
 The prettiest girl that e'er I saw, 
 
 The prettiest girl that e'er I saw, 
 
 Was sucking cider through a straw. 
 
 You recall the other verses; the last being: 
 
 And when at length the straw did slip. 
 And when at length the straw did slip. 
 And when at length the straw did slip, 
 I sucked the cider from her lips." 
 
 She said "that was a very nasty thing to do," and on my 
 adding a verse of 
 
 "Saw a freshman's leg off Short," said "College men were 
 very cruel men." My laugh at her remarks were taken as an 
 affront, leaving the room shouted back, "You better come 
 down off your perch." You can see no sixty years in that 
 but rather a girl and boy about the same age. Thus college 
 songs and college memories help to keep us young. 
 
 If you ask how I am and how the world uses me, I answer, 
 good luck and good fortune is my lot. Years ago all business 
 cares and worries were at an end, and I began traveling over 
 the earth ; going wherever I pleased, enjoying the best the 
 world had to offer. Am contented and happy. What more 
 can mortal ask? With cares gone, the dreams and ideals 
 inspired by University studies and college men came back to 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 133 
 
 life again. I have to thank my stars that my lot has been 
 cast with those splendid fellows who comprised the glorious 
 class of 'TO. Our studies at Ann Arbor helped to make the 
 earth and sky an open book. Thus, the other night, alone, I 
 stood on the house top gazing at Halley's Comet and rever- 
 ently said, "Blessed be the name of the Lord," and almost in 
 the same breath added, "and blessed be the name of 'Old 
 Toughy' and his conic sections," for I recalled our class 
 in Toughy's room, and a comet's path chalked out on the 
 blackboard. 
 
 Mind you, these old nicknames are mentioned here with 
 kindly reverence. On scanning the Heavens "Tubby -Wat- 
 son" and our old class in the chapel are recalled. Wherever 
 rocks and fossils are tossed up, or polyps and starfish seen on 
 the seashores Winchell's able lectures are brought to mind, 
 even the conundrum whether or no there were worms in the 
 Potsdam period. Prof. Wood stimulated observation in en- 
 gineering. Punky Williams' problems in physics. Madamoi- 
 selle Spence the French language. Latin was brushed up 
 that we might wrestle with Latin inscriptions on numerous 
 monuments, and French, German and Spanish for use in coun- 
 tries where spoken, not forgetting the pious exhortations on 
 Sunday afternoons and the bright spiritual countenance of 
 Doctor Haven. Before chaucer's tomb in Westminster Abbey 
 memories of Prof. Tyler are recalled and our class in the old 
 chapel scanning the lines of Chaucer's Legend of Good 
 Women 
 
 "A thousent sythis have I heard men telle 
 
 That there is joye in hevene, and peyne in helle, 
 
 And I accorde wel that it be so; 
 
 But natheles, this wit I wel also, 
 
 That there ne is non that dwellyth in this cuntre 
 
 That eythir hath in helle or hevene ibe," 
 
134 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 and thus every day is full of entertainment wheresoever the 
 Fates lead me. 
 
 On the day of the reunion, the 29th, I will visit Cambridge 
 and Oxford, walking on the ground where Chaucer walked, 
 viewing the libraries, the Manuscript Plato, the Manuscript 
 Virgil, the cartoons of Raphael and Michael Angelo, and will 
 expect to feel the condensed magnetism of University life 
 and an atmosphere redolent with lofty ideals and memories of 
 Great Britain's great men. On that day I will recall with af- 
 fection our beloved class and Alma Mater, wishing each class- 
 mate and his family long life, prosperity and happiness. 
 
 Ever sincerely yours, 
 
 JOHN S. MALTMAN. 
 
 His son, John, graduated in 1910 at Santa Clara College, 
 California, and took a post graduate course at Berkeley with 
 law as a probability. 
 
 Los Angeles, June, 1920. 
 
 My Dear Carter : 
 
 Please accept my grateful thanks for your kind letter and 
 notice, touching our Class reunion set for the 23 of the present 
 month. I am keenly disappointed at not being able to meet 
 my ever beloved Classmates on that occasion. It would be 
 unwise for me to risk the fatigue of the journey and excite- 
 ment of those three or four precious gala days at Ann Arbor. 
 Such is the judgment of my friends here, and I must obey. 
 
 Our Centennial Reunion will soon be here, A. D. 1970, 
 when we all can meet together again. Put me down for that 
 reunion. Surely I'll be there, whether it be in Paradise or 
 or in never mind, I'll be there. 
 
 Swearing anew, fealty, and love for our Glorious Class and 
 Classmates, I remain as ever, 
 
 JOHN S. MALTMAN. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 135 
 
 Los Angeles, Cal., Nov. 29, 1920. 
 
 My Dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 Both copies of your circular calling" for "copy" also your 
 kind letter of recent date have- been received, also a photo- 
 graph of the reunion attendants at Ann Arbor in June last, 
 for all of which I thank you most sincerely. 
 
 Sometime ago, I began to write in compliance with your 
 call, when my doctor advised that I abandon the effort and 
 quit thinking about it. Health conditions was the cause. I 
 had been very much shaken up with the "flu" ; not expected 
 to live. I am doing fine now, but not well enough to have 
 the ban removed. 
 
 Please let me know how much time, if any, remains before 
 you go to press ; I may yet be permitted to write a few lines. 
 
 I will greatly value a list of the names of those shown in 
 said photo; the surnames of classmates if you please. I have 
 already numbered each gent 1 to 16 and the ladies 17, 18, 19, 20, 
 commencing at the left. Dawson is the only one recognized, 
 No. 4. 
 
 Ever Sincerely Yours, 
 
 J. S. MALTMAN. 
 
 MILO ELIJAH MARSH, B. S., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Town of Brighton, Livingston Co., Mich., Nov. 16, 
 1847. Died at Benton Harbor, Mich., Feb. 5, 1916. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Port Huron, April 13, 1876. 
 Dear Old Classmates: 
 
 The long looked for Class letter reached me the other day 
 and when I took it out of the office my first thought was that 
 I had got all the deeds and abstracts of some great real estate 
 
13G CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 case, but how great my joy when I perceived it was our Class 
 letter. It took me some time to read them all through, but 
 it did me good to hear from so many of the boys at once. 
 First then as to my history: The summer after graduation 
 I went to Kansas on a visit ; in the fall bought a horse and 
 buggy and returned overland to A. A. ; passed the next two 
 years in the law department ; was admitted to practice spring 
 of 1872. Came to Port Huron in September of that year. 
 Was married to Miss Ida J. Whitney of Ann Arbor, Dec. 20, 
 1871, and have two daughters. 
 
 Yours in '70, 
 
 MILO E. MARSH. 
 
 Mr. Marsh continued his editorial work and journalism as 
 legislative correspondent for several Dailies until the fall of 
 1914, when due to ill health, he was compelled to retire from 
 active business. While on a visit to his niece in Benton Har- 
 bor, he was stricken with pneumonia, and after two weeks' 
 illness, died in Benton Harbor, Feb. 5, 1916, and was buried 
 in Oak Grove Cemetery, Milford, Mich. 
 
 He never took any interest in sports of any kind but did 
 enjoy a game of chess or checkers, also devoted much time 
 to landscape gardening. 
 
 He is survived by three daughters, Myrtie Amont, who 
 married Willis Lee Smith, an auditor, whose address is 1006 
 Carmel Ave., Detroit, Mich. ; Meirabell Lowell, who married 
 William Austin Harrington, a lawyer at Gaylord, Mich. : 
 Blanche Winnifred, who married Charles W. Harrington, 
 stock-room foreman of the Cadillac Motor Car Co., address 
 329 West Grand Blvd., Detroit. Four grandchildren survive 
 our classmate. The widow of our classmate died at Ann Ar- 
 bor, January 12, 1921. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,, SCIENCE AND ARTS 137 
 
 WILLIAM FREEMAN MATTHEWS, A. M., B. D. 
 
 Born in Bethel, Vt., October 31, 1849. Died at Kansas City, 
 Mo., June 5, 1915. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 New York, Feb. 7, 1876. 
 
 (Matthews) 
 
 The Class letter comes to me first this centennial year. It 
 is like wine which improves with age. It seems to have new 
 vigor since its Rip Van Winkle sleep. May its bulk continue 
 to increase, and its postage too. 
 
 A few words will suffice to tell my history which has been 
 neither striking nor eventful. 
 
 Taught school at Grand Rapids one year after graduation, 
 September '71, came to New York to attend Union Theolog- 
 ical Seminary. Took the regular three years' course there. 
 On graduation I took charge of "Hope Chapel" a Mission 
 church connected with the 4th Ave. Presbyterian church (Dr. 
 Crosby's). Have been there ever since. "My field" is in the 
 densest populated portion of the city. China is nowhere. 
 Often go into a house and find 50 or 60 "children. 
 
 I am not married, though I have married several quite fine 
 looking young ladies. Balance of letter illegible. 
 
 WM. F. MATTHEWS. 
 
 Mr. Matthews was severely afflicted with neuralgia during 
 the last few years of his life. The last letter which came from 
 him was dated at Whitehall, Mich., June 16, 1010, in which 
 he made inquiries about our reunion that month, but thought 
 it very doubtful about his being able to attend. He was with 
 us, however, for the last time. 
 
138 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 A letter from his widow after his death dated at -'U14 'Wal- 
 nut Street, Kansas City, Mo., July 8, 1915, states: 
 
 "He always enjoyed the Class reunions. A few months ago 
 he said he thought he would be able to attend the June meet- 
 ing. We knew he would not, for he was at that time quite 
 helpless, but we were not expecting that he would be taken 
 from us so soon. He had had three partial strokes of paraly- 
 sis and the last one was fatal. He was not conscious of much 
 suffering during the last months of his life. As he was so 
 helpless it certainly was a blessing that he did not realize his 
 condition to any great extent. We miss him all the more on 
 account of his helplessness, but we feel that our loss is his 
 gain and it will not be so very long until we shall all meet 
 him. I always enjoyed hearing him tell of his college days, 
 and now that he is gone it is a great source of comfort to be 
 remembered by his classmates/' 
 
 MICHAEL ALEXANDER MEYENDORFF, C. E. 
 
 Born in Letwenia Province in Russian Poland, December 3, 
 1849. Died at Portland, Oregon, February 7, 1908. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Washington, D. C., March 22, 1875. 
 
 Dear Classmates : 
 
 Believing that the object of the Class letter is to give an 
 opportunity to every fellow to blow his own horn rather than 
 waste time in apologizing beforehand, for the egotistical style 
 of my letter, I shall at once proceed to state all I can about my 
 doings since we parted. College days over, a more stern life 
 began. Its pleasures and troubles in mine were many, yet in 
 the midst of them I always gratefully remembered the kind 
 and considerate treatment I received from you, and my college 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIKXCK AND ARTS 139 
 
 days indeed will always be remembered among" the pleasant- 
 est in my life. Some of you will remember that I left A. A. 
 about the middle of April, 1870, through the indulgency of 
 the faculty and kind assistance I received from "Dixie" Noble, 
 and Bird. I have passed my examinations in two subjects in 
 which I had not passed before leaving A. A. and my diploma 
 was sent to me shrtly after commencement. My first ex- 
 perience as a civil engineer commenced on the St. Louis & S. 
 E. Ry. and I was successful enough to secure positions for 
 three other of our Classmates, "Dixie", Davock and Culley. 
 The first two and myself could tell you some wonderful stones 
 about the long-eared and slim-bellied pigs and * * * dried up 
 corn of the Wabash country in Posey county, Ind., where 
 months were spent together. July 1st, '71, my engagement 
 with that road ends and with the N. P. R. R. begins. I, ac- 
 cording to instructions of the Chief Engineer of the road re- 
 ported on duty in Montana, July 21st. Remained in the em- 
 ploy of that company till November, '73, when work on that 
 road was suspended. In the winter of '71, I made a visit east. 
 Spent a few weeks at A. A., a few weeks in Kentucky and 
 some two months in New York City, returning to Montana in 
 the spring of '72. When the N. P. R. R. suspended operations 
 I was foot loose and having a few hundred dollars in my 
 pocket, thought to try my luck at mining. About 1st of De- 
 cember, '73, I reached a mining camp in Arizona of whose 
 rich wonders I had heard. Invested in mines nearly every 
 cent I had. Four months' experience there satisfied my 
 wishes and I left for California with money just enough to 
 take rrie there. I reached San Francisco in April. A few 
 days later I was employed and out surveying for the San Joa- 
 quin & King River Canal Co. Did not like it and when soon 
 after I received an offer of a position in Surveyor General's 
 
140 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 office in Montana, I accepted it. Reached Helena in June, '73. 
 There I remained until last September, doing well. There 
 were several weeks in succession at different times when I 
 was making $100 per week. On July 2nd, '74, I met with an 
 accident, fracturing my hip bone. It paralyzed my prospects 
 very much and compelled me to return east for medical treat- 
 ment. Recovering partially, I secured a position in the De- 
 partment of the Interior, where I am now and where I intend 
 to remain as I am compelled to by my fractured limb. 
 
 Faithfully Yours, 
 
 M. A. MEYENDORFF. 
 
 The Seattle Post-Intelligence of May 25, 1903, contained 
 the following with reference to a call on Meyendorff, while 
 he was sick at the Providence hospital, by President Theodore 
 Roosevelt : 
 
 President Roosevelt yesterday appeared to the inmates of 
 Providence hospital a cheerful visitor carrying sunshine into 
 the camp of the stricken. The president went to see an old 
 friend, Michael A. MeyendorfF, who is a patient in the hos- 
 pital. The presidential carriage and escort whirled out of the 
 dust of Third avenue up to Fifth, on the return trip from the 
 Grand opera house and halted in front of the hospital building 
 a little after noon. 
 
 The visit was a surprise to the sisters in charge. It was 
 unannounced, but the welcome to the president was no less 
 enthusiastic. Flags and bunting decorations, spread out in 
 welcome of his visit to the city now received a literal inter- 
 pretation of the welcome to the building itself. 
 
 As President Roosevelt and his secretary mounted the 
 stairs, the sisters stood in waiting to receive him, the sister 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 141 
 
 superior acting as hostess. President Roosevelt at once asked 
 for Mr. MeyendorfT, and ascended in the elevator to his 
 friend's room. 
 
 President Roosevelt learned of the condition of Mr. Meyen- 
 dorfT yesterday morning- when the latter sent a note to the 
 Washing-ton hotel asking for the pleasure of an interview at 
 the president's headquarters. Mr. MeyendorfT received a 
 reply that he should not stir as President Roosevelt would 
 come in person to see him. 
 
 Going up to Mr. MeyendorfT, the president extended both 
 his hands in the most cordial manner. 
 
 "Awfully sorry to see you in that condition. I wish you 
 would get well," he said, with lower jaw protruding, and with 
 smiling face, speaking in quick, impulsive manner. The two 
 had some conversation, in the course of which the president 
 went to the window and gazed upon the grounds. 
 
 The street in front of the hospital was crowded with people 
 and numbers of them were seen running in the direction of 
 the waiting carriage. The president turned and remarked 
 that it would not do to stay, as every second he was staying a 
 thousand people were gathering. 
 
 Meanwhile all the patients of the hospital who were able to 
 leave their beds had been summoned to take a look at the 
 president. He came out and greeted them. One old Grand 
 Army man, Simon Lundy, went up to the president and said 
 he was a veteran. President Roosevelt shook his hand and 
 called him comrade, telling him that he was glad to meet him. 
 
 The rounds of the hospital were not made, as time did not 
 permit the president to stay much longer. In all he was there 
 about ten minutes. Before leaving he shook hands with each 
 sister and referred to a coincidence in regard to the name of 
 the hospital. 
 
142 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 The only hospital in which he had ever been a patient in 
 his life, the president said, was also conducted by sisters, and 
 was called Providence hospital. That was in Indianapolis. 
 
 As the president entered his carriage the crowd surged 
 closer, but there was no cheering, only an appearance of sup- 
 pressed enthusiasm. Way was made, the horses whipped up, 
 and the party proceeded to the Washington. 
 
 Michael A. Meyendorff has been intimately acquainted with 
 the president ever since the days when the latter was chair- 
 man of the civil service commission. Mr. Meyendorff holds 
 the office of special agent for the general land office of the 
 interior department, and having been long in the government 
 service has made the acquaintance of many prominent men. 
 
 Mr. MeyendorfFs career has been a picturesque one from 
 his early days. He comes of a noble Polish family, and 
 would, if he claimed his rank in his native country, be termed 
 a baron. When he was 13 years old he entered the Polish 
 army as a private in the revolution of 1863, and fought for 
 two months side by side with the older soldiers. His brother 
 was shot and his family ruined. Young Michael was given 
 the chance of swearing allegiance to Russia or going into exile. 
 
 But exile was preferable and after imprisonment in a Rus- 
 sian fortress he was sent to Siberia, presumably for life. A 
 half brother of MeyendorfFs, Col. Julian Allen, of the Amer- 
 ican army, also a refugee, was serving on Gen. Sherman's 
 staff in Georgia, in the hottest days of the Civil War, when 
 he first learned of the boy's plight. He proceeded to Wash- 
 ington and laid the matter before President Lincoln. Nego- 
 tiations were opened through the American ambassador, and 
 upon the payment of a certain sum, Meyendorff was turned 
 over to the United States. He came to America in 1866 and 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 143 
 
 became, as he termed it, a ward of the government, and en- 
 tered the Class of '70 of the University of Michigan. 
 
 Mr. Meyendorff has talked of his adventuresome career often 
 with the president, he said, and the president has urged him 
 to write of his experiences. Mr. Meyendorff came to Seattle 
 last December, and is now a convalescent patient at Provi- 
 dence hospital. He seemed yesterday to be greatly impressed 
 with the thoughtfulness of the president in sparing him a few 
 minutes of his time. 
 
 Los Angeles, Cal., June 5, 1905. 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 It is just my bad luck I was sure some few weeks ago that 
 I would have the pleasure to greet you and the rest of the 
 "boys" at the approaching reunion, but my recent orders from 
 Washington decreed against it certain imperative work will 
 tie me here and this would have been my first and alas, the 
 only chance. Soon we all will be called to meet in a reunion 
 beyond the grave. Some may linger many years, but many 
 of us will reach the limit within the next ten years or so. All 
 I hope for is that St. Peter will appoint you as secretary at 
 the Golden Gate to keep the earthly past record of the Class 
 of '70 and thus you may get me with the rest of the grand 
 class (should I be detained elsewhere when you report for 
 duty to him) within the gates. 
 
 I wish you all a most joyful time at the reunion and may 
 you all live long and prosperous life. 
 Your friend in '70, 
 
 MICHAEL A. MEYENDORFF. 
 
 Extract from letter of Hon. W. C. Bristol of Portland, U. 
 S. attorney for Oregon to Rufus H. Thayer, Washington, Feb. 
 18, 1908. 
 
144 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 "Commenting upwards of two years ago at the time of my 
 first acquaintance with him, he exhibited indications of having" 
 contracted Bright's disease. Others of his friends and mvself 
 prevailed upon him to consult physicians, which he ultimate- 
 ly did, but failing to follow, in many instances, their advice, 
 the inroads which the disease had already made upon his sys- 
 tem increased to so alarming an extent that for the last six 
 months he was confined practically to his room. His funeral 
 was Monday, Feb. 10th, at 1 :30 p. m. He preferred to be 
 cremated. Services were held at St. Stevens Episcopal Chap- 
 el, where he had attended with zeal, and with the Rector of 
 which he was upon terms of intimacy. Leaving the Chapel, 
 we brought the body to the crematorium, where other services 
 were held, and he was there incinerated. 
 
 Everything was done that could be done to assist his de- 
 parture from this vale of tears that was commensurate with his 
 brief career upon this earth enfeebled by sickness and bodily 
 infirmity and surrounded by cavil hatred and machinations of 
 his political enemies. * '* His last days, by reason of 
 
 the inroads of the disease, were fraught with pain and suffer- 
 ing and for the week prior to his death he lay largely in a 
 comatose condition, unable to recognize any of his friends or 
 to appreciate the happenings about him." 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON MICKLE, C. E. 
 
 Born in Lancaster, Penn., February 17, 1848. 
 
 Address: 311 Hall Building, Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 Nothing has been heard from Mickle for several years, 
 though letters and circulars have been sent regularly to him 
 at his address in Kansas City, Mo. It is supposed that he has 
 continued in the real estate business there. Mr. Schock re- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LrmiATrRK, SCIENCE AND ARTS 145 
 
 ported that he called and had a visit with him on his way 
 back home from the June, 1920, reunion. 
 
 PROFESSOR BERNARD MOSES, Ph. D., LL. D. 
 Born in Town of Burlington, Conn., August 28, 1846. 
 
 Address: Paris (at last account). 
 
 The following is taken from The Bulletin of San Francisco, 
 dated December 19, 1914: 
 
 Professor Bernard Moses, after an absence of nearly four 
 years in Paris, returned last week to his State of California, 
 to find 'such radical changes to have taken place politically, at 
 least, as to make him feel like a stranger in a strange land. 
 
 "I seem to know only the ancient," said Professor Moses 
 with a gentle whimsical smile, "or at most the ancient and 
 medieval history of the State. The modern period appears 
 to have begun recently." 
 
 "California does not loom on the Paris journalist's horizon. 
 Peaceful communities or commonwealths excite only limited 
 interest in the minds of Europeans, particularly if they do not 
 lie as impediments on their highway to conquest and military 
 glory. Military topics, during the last decades, have over- 
 whelmed considerations of peace. The European has been 
 thinking of late in terms of war. He has almost forgotten the 
 vocabulary of peace. The peaceful occupations of California 
 signify nothing to him, except as a means of feeding armies 
 and keeping the destitute from starvation. Only the events 
 of our recent war with Mexico, which was not a war, but 
 simply the invasion of the territory of a neighboring sover- 
 eign state, find space in the columns of European newspapers. 
 The world's present calamity is the result of persistent think- 
 
141) CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 ing in terms of war. The perverse spirits who persist in 
 thinking or writing about war with Japan on the occasion of 
 every slightest disagreement between that nation and the 
 United States, may ultimately produce European relations on 
 
 is side of the world. The best way for nations to avoid 
 (war is to think about peace. As a nation thinketh, so it is." 
 
 Few men in this country are better qualified to talk on all 
 that pertains to p'ovcrnment than Professor Moses. For close 
 on to forty years he held the chair of Political Science and 
 History in the University of California. As one of the not- 
 able commission, when the Philippines became a United 
 States' possession, he was sent to establish there a civil gov- 
 ernment, with Judge \Y. H. Taft, who was to become Presi- 
 dent of the United States, as chairman of the commission. 
 Between the years of 1906 and 1910 he was sent to South 
 America on affairs of State as Minister Plenipotentiary, as 
 member of the Pan-American Scientific Congress, Santiago 
 de Chile, and as delegate of the International Conference of 
 American States at Buenos Ayres. In between he found time 
 to contribute scientific articles to the leading magazines, and 
 to write such notable treatises as "Federal Government in 
 Switzerland," "Democracy and Social Growth in America," 
 "The Establishment of Spanish Rule in America," "The Rail- 
 way Revolution in Mexico," "The Establishment of Municipal 
 Government in San Francisco," "South America on the Eve 
 of Emancipation," "The Government of the United States." 
 In his four years' sojourn abroad he has just completed his 
 greatest and latest work, "The Spanish Dependencies in South 
 America." 
 
 Although the snows of many years have descended upon 
 him, and honorably retired from the university as Professor 
 Emeritus, instead of finding him amidst ease and leisure to 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 147 
 
 <j 
 
 which his long years of active service would entitle him, I / 
 found him at the Faculty Club in Berkeley, in his study, as , 
 deeply immersed in work as the most enthusiastic of the \ 
 younger faculty. The huge round center table was piled with 
 Spanish volumes which had just been unpacked. He was 
 plunged in manuscripts at his writing desk, seated against 
 a tall panelled French window overlooking a gnarled and 
 noble old oak, which in the soft light of a late rainy after- 
 noon, made a beautiful, harmonious background to a noble 
 figure, the intellectual face which the weight of years had 
 chiseled only the more strongly, and with a mass of silken 
 silvery hair tumbling a bit riotously over a firm white fore- 
 head, and into eyes deep set, gentle, kindly and contemplative. 
 
 Professor Moses shrank visibly from publicity, and especial- 
 ly from the hurried, unprepared newspaper interview, which, 
 through the very rush in which it must be got out, of neces- 
 sity precludes that scientific accuracy of the more leisurely 
 prepared statement. 
 
 "All my life," said Professor Moses, "has been devoted to 
 acquiring accuracy. The least inaccuracy in quoting me in- 
 flicts an injury exactly like a physical wound respecting the 
 tendency of public affairs in California is embarrassing. Know- 
 ing little about the happenings in California during my years 
 of absence, of course, I was naturally more or less shocked on 
 arriving in New York City to hear persons speaking about 
 California as being even more radical than populist Oklahoma. 
 Their notion seemed to be that in attempting to bring about a 
 larger measure of equality California was preparing to be 
 ruled by an aristocracy, or an oligarchy of commissions. 
 
 "We must not mistake popular government for representa- 
 tive government. The makers of the government of the Unit- 
 ed States had the reasonable idea of constructing a govern- 
 
148 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 ment in which the laws should be made by intelligent persons 
 selected for that purpose by their fellow citizens. In depart- 
 ing from that plan, we run the risk of substituting the com- 
 mission government for a representative government. The 
 evils of such a change will not be manifest at first. It will 
 only make its appearance if the commission should be appoint- 
 ed by some power not the people. Then it will develop its 
 real bureaucratic character. 
 
 ''Popular government may defeat itself like a machine in 
 which the friction counteracts all the power that is applied 
 to it. Whenever the machinery of government becomes 
 cumbersome, or difficult to operate, by reason of elaborate and 
 roundabout methods, and the unwieldy multitude of persons 
 involved in its activity ; by doubling the number of voters, as 
 with woman's suffrage, without raising the average political 
 intelligence, and by frequent appeals to the whole body of the 
 people for the decision of important and far-reaching ques- 
 tions, as in this last election, where you sa^ the people were 
 expected to vote on some forty-eight propositins, couched in 
 involved and highly legal terms, and any one of which was a 
 task for a specialist, the social friction of the government has 
 reached a point where in the course of time a modification of 
 the method of operating will be found to be necessary. 
 
 "An early step in this modification will be a decline in the 
 estimate of the significance or importance of the popular vote. 
 Already, not only here, but also in other parts of the Republic, 
 there is manifest a desire to remove the vital and practical op- 
 erations of government farther than ever before from the great 
 body of the citizens. This is illustrated not only in commis- 
 sion-governed cities, but also in commission-governed trans- 
 portation and commission-governed banks. You state that 
 the Railroad. Commission includes within its jurisdiction all 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 149 
 
 public utility corporations of gas, light, power and street rail- 
 ways. 
 
 "This movement is undoubtedly in the line of greater effi- 
 ciency, but it does not lead towards that ideal democracy, 
 which is said to be the end sought in the social agitation of 
 the present. Even the voters themselves, in their most ex- 
 panded ranks, help on the movement towards oligarchic, or 
 bureaucratic rule, particularly when they take away from the 
 inhabitants of towns the right to regulate certain matters of 
 traffic within their own borders, and confer it upon an auto- 
 cratic commission, the members of which may never have seen 
 the town in question. This is not a strange phenomenon, for 
 some of the most grinding tyrannies that ever oppressed a 
 people were set up by popular vote. It is undoubtedly true 
 that you cannot fool all the people all the time, but you can 
 fool a sufficient number of them from time to time, if you 
 present for their acceptance or rejection a large number of 
 laws or amendments to laws, complicated, and far-reaching 
 in their effects, and written in the involved and technical 
 language which few persons besides the courts have the ability 
 to understand thoroughly." 
 
 "The ^extension of the suffrage, the referendum and the re- 
 call are designed to maintain equality how otherwise may it 
 be maintained?" he was asked. 
 
 "The equality you are thinking of," replied Professor Moses, 
 "can be maintained, I fancy, only under conditions that do not 
 admit of social progress. The inhabitants of some of the 
 mountain cantons of Switzerland maintain a good degree of 
 equality. No one can become rich. All live as their ancestors 
 lived. And all have about the same amounts of property and 
 essentially the same occupation. If they had more abundant 
 opportunities, some would become richer than the rest, and 
 
150 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 with their riches would come different occupations, better op- 
 portunities for education, and a style of living that the rest 
 could not afford. Social inequality is an incident of progress, 
 and cannot be eliminated from social growth. 
 
 "But equality before the law is another matter. It means 
 that the law is administered to all persons subject to it, with- 
 out favor to any. This cannot be secured by mechanical pro- 
 cesses. Xo arrangement of offices or conditions of suffrage, 
 or increased complication in the machinery of government can 
 reach the innermost mind of the judge or other official who 
 exercises the final discretionary power in administration. 
 
 ''The only remedy in this case is a higher degree of individ- 
 ual morality. If your individual man, who is likely to get 
 into office, and gets into office, is morally rotten, your gov- 
 ernment will be rotten. The vital question here is not of more 
 complicated governmental machinery or constitutional amend- 
 ments, but a higher type of man. Mexico has an admirable 
 constitution and excellent laws, but its government is what 
 the men of the time make it, irrespective of the laws. 
 
 "I am hardly in position to answer your question about our 
 relation to Mexico, for I know only imperfectly what the gov- 
 ernment of the United States has done in the long-drawn out 
 crisis. I heard much in the beginning about the necessity of 
 holding a proper election in Mexico. This seemed to me," 
 said Professor Moses, with his characteristic whimsical smile, 
 "to be a somewhat severe exaction, in view of the fact that 
 Mexico never had an election which most Americans would 
 consider proper. 
 
 "Looking from afar, there seemed to be only two courses 
 which a reasonable government standing for the United States 
 could afford to take. These were either to recognize Huerta 
 or to send an army of about three hundred thousand men 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 151 
 
 over the border and take possession of the country. The 
 second of these could have been wisely contemplated only as 
 a last resort, only in case Huerta, as the recognized president, 
 failed to preserve order and protect the rights of foreigners 
 in the republic. 
 
 "It is quite probable there would have been no need to re- 
 sort to the second alternative. Even if a powerful interven- 
 tion had proved to be necessary, it would have been under- 
 taken in such form that the interests of individual Mexicans, 
 as well as of aliens in the country, would have been secured, 
 and the nation would have been saved anarchy. And at the 
 most favorable time possible, Mexico would have been 
 brought into a position which it is destined soonor or later to 
 6ccupy. 
 
 "A hundred years ago Mexico and the United States had 
 each about the same number of inhabitants. At the present 
 time the United States has approximately one hundred mil- 
 lions, while Mexico has about seventeen millions. If the rate 
 of increase in the two countries during the last century is con- 
 tinued during the next hundred years Mexico will have about 
 thirty millions and the United States about six hundred mil- 
 lions. But the two nations will not be able to maintain the 
 isolation of the past. 
 
 "The more rapidly growing population of the United States 
 will spill over the border. True to their traditions and the 
 practices of their ancestors, the Mexican inhabitants will in- 
 sist on excluding the peaceful invaders from the enjoyment 
 of political rights, and through the class that will follow the 
 Mexicans, unless supported by some other power, will go to 
 the wall. The generation that will witness this crisis may 
 have reason to regret that their larger conflict was not pre- 
 vented by the absorption of the Mexicans by the United States 
 
152 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 when that people had no legitimate government, and, in a 
 state of social chaos, was rent asunder by factions at war. 
 
 "Why do we blunder constantly in our dealings with Latin- 
 America? That inquiry has a short answer and a long an- 
 swer. The short answer is, because of our profound ignor- 
 ance of Latin-America, and the strength of Spanish and Portu- 
 guese tradition. 
 
 "The long answer involves the contrasted histories of the 
 northern and southern halves of this continent. Mexico's 
 special and present infirmity is due to a too extensive applica- 
 tion of the Diaz administration. Unwilling to permit power 
 to pass out of his hands, .Diaz allowed a generation to grow 
 up without any sense of political responsibility. When the 
 tyrant was removed the nation very naturally went to pieces. 
 We seem to have entertained the childish notion that by as- 
 sisting one of the parties in a revolution to victory we might 
 put an end to revolutions in that country. The triumph of 
 one party excites opposition, and this opposition has no effec- 
 tive way of expressing itself, except by a resort to arms. 
 
 "There are only two rational courses that may be pursued 
 in treating the Mexicans: Either let them carry on their in- 
 ternal quarrels without interference, or subject them to a 
 discipline imposed by force. We have apparently followed 
 neither of these courses. Yet in connection with the Spanish- 
 American war it was made clear that a rebellion in a neigh- 
 boring country is not necessarily a purely domestic affair. 
 
 "The rebellions and revolutions of Mexico have an inter- 
 national quality in so far as they affect the rights and inter- 
 ests of other nations. The last word of statesmanship was 
 not uttered when Americans were ordered or advised to leave 
 Mexico. They were rightly there, and entitled to protection 
 by the Mexican government, because Mexico was recognized 
 
DKI'AKTMKXT OF LlTERATI'llK, SriKNCK AND ARTS 153 
 
 as a civilized state. When it failed to perform this duty of 
 state, other nations were released from any obligation to treat 
 it as a civilized state. 
 
 "If Mexico had been recognized as merely a collection of 
 savage tribes, persons entering the country for purposes of 
 business would have done it at their own risk, and there would 
 have been a sufficient answer to their complaints that leav- 
 ing the country involved their financial ruin. But Mexico, 
 assuming all the rights and obligations of a civilized nation, 
 presents an entirely different case. American citizens have 
 not entered Mexico armed and prepared to defend their in- 
 terests, as in a savage country. They have entered under the 
 protection of a government presumed to be able to meet its 
 obligation, and when the Mexican government failed they 
 were entitled to the immediate and sufficient protection of 
 their own government. 
 
 "In the failure of this government to furnish the required 
 protection, American citizens have been subjected to vast 
 financial losses, and the leaders of wandering bands of brig- 
 ands, knowing the United States to be harmless, have ac- 
 quired great importance in the eyes of their followers by de- 
 fying and showing contempt for the American government." 
 
 Professor Moses held the chair of History at Albion Col- 
 lege in 1875, before going to the University of California. In 
 1919 he gave to the public his work entitled "Spain's Declin- 
 ing Power in South America, 1730-1806." He has been a con- 
 tributor to leading magazines. 
 
154 CLASS OF >70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 ALFRED NOBLE, C. E., LL. D. 
 
 Born at Livonia, Wayne Co., Mich., August 7, 1844. Died 
 New York City, April 19, 1914. 
 
 Was born August 7, 1844, at Livonia, Wayne Co., Michigan, 
 where his parents, Charles and Lovina (Douw) Noble, resided 
 on a farm. His grandfather, Norton Noble, was in the war 
 of 1812 and his ancestors were in the revolutionary war. He 
 received his early education at the district school of his native 
 place. He lived on the farm until 1862, when he enlisted for 
 the civil war in the 24th Mich. Vol. Inf., and from October, 
 1862, to February, 1865, he took part in all the battles of the 
 Army of the Potomac. Was mustered out of the service in 
 June, 1865. From July, '65, to September, '67, he held a posi- 
 tion in the \Yar Department at Washington. Made his pre- 
 paration for college at the Union School, Plymouth, Mich., 
 and with private instructors in Washington. He entered the 
 University of Michigan in '67 as a sophomore in class of '70. 
 While an undergraduate he was absent a year and a half in 
 the employ of the government and kept up his studies at the 
 same time, taking his degree with the class. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Philozetian debating club and the Alpha Nu liter- 
 ary society; joined the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity; was elect- 
 ed vice-president of his class in Junior year. From June to 
 September, '70, he was engaged on harbor surveys on the 
 eastern shores of Lake Michigan and at Cheboygan and Al- 
 pena on Lake Huron. In October, 1870, he was put in charge 
 of the work at Sault Ste. tilarie, Mich., and when, in 1873, it 
 was found necessary for the government to build a new lock 
 he practically, under the direction of Gen. Godfrey Weitzel of 
 the United States Engineer Corps, designed and brought to a 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 155 
 
 successful completion the lock since known as the Weitzel 
 lock. In the design of the new lock Mr. 'Noble introduced a 
 number of novel features which at once engaged the attention 
 and admiration of engineers all over the world, serving as 
 models for similar designs ever since. Writing of this in 1914, 
 Mr. Joseph Ripley, who was associated with him there, says: 
 
 "The masonry was the finest of its kind ever built in this 
 country. The filling and emptying culverts located under the 
 floor of the lock, the gate hangings and the hydraulic operat- 
 ing machinery were all new features. The gate and valve en- 
 gines have been in constant use every season since 1881 and 
 have worked easily, efficiently and rapidly, without any fail- 
 ure and without any repairs except the annual repacking of 
 the cylinders and occasional renewal of minor parts." 
 
 In August, 1882, on the practical completion of the construc- 
 tion of the canal, he resigned his position to accept an ap- 
 pointment as resident engineer of the R. R. bridge across 
 Red River at Shreveport, La. In March, '83, he resigned this 
 position also to accept a similar one for the construction of a 
 bridge across Snake River at Ainsworth, Washington Terri- 
 tory. In September of that year he took charge of a bridge 
 over Clark's Fork of the Columbia River in Montana. Snake 
 River bridge was completed in May, '8-1, and Clark's Fork 
 bridge in June. Mr. Noble began the construction of founda- 
 tions of an iron viaduct across Marent Gulch, Montana, in 
 September of the same year, and the foundations of a bridge 
 across St. Louis Bay, at west end of Lake Superior in October. 
 He completed the foundations and the erection of the super- 
 structure of Marent Gulch viaduct in June, '85, and St. Louis 
 Bay bridge in May, according to original plans, and began the 
 construction of an additional draw bridge in July; and from 
 August to October was at Trenton, N. J., inspecting iron work 
 
156 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 for the draw span. From October, '85, to January, '86, he 
 was attending to the erection of St. Louis Bay bridge ; Feb- 
 ruary, '86 he was in New York City, in the office of George S. 
 Morison. During March and April he was inspecting bridge 
 manufacture in Buffalo, and in May was inspecting iron at 
 Pottsville, Pa. He then returned to New York in June. He 
 visited Omaha bridge in July and then went to St. Paul, for 
 temporary duty in the office of N. P. R. R., as acting principal 
 assistant engineer. In September that year he went to Pitts- 
 burg to inspect iron for the same company, but soon accepted 
 an appointment as resident engineer of the bridge across Har- 
 lem River, at 181st St., New York City, where he remained 
 till July, '87, when he resigned to accept an appointment as 
 resident engineer of Illinois Central R. R. bridge across the 
 Ohio River at Cairo, 111. ; and in '88, assumed charge, also as 
 resident engineer, of the bridge across the Mississippi River, 
 at Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 The Cairo bridge was opened for traffic Oct. 29, 1889, and 
 his connection therewith closed with the following month. 
 The Memphis bridge was opened for traffic in May, 1892. He 
 then moved to Chicago and entered into a limited partnership 
 with Mr. Geo. S. Morison, who had been chief engineer of the 
 Cairo and Memphis bridges. During the term of this part- 
 nership Noble was assistant chief engineer of the bridge at 
 Alton across the Mississippi and the bridges across the Mis- 
 souri at Bellefontaine and Leavenworth. After the expiration 
 of the partnership, April 3-0, 1894, he began a general practice 
 as consulting engineer, which he continued up to the time of 
 his death. The degree of LL. D. was conferred on Alfred 
 Noble by the University of Michigan in June, 1895, and by 
 the University of Wisconsin in June, 1904. He was appointed 
 a member of the Nicaragua canal board by President Cleve- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 157 
 
 "i 
 land in 1895. The appointment was not sought by him and 
 
 was peculiarity gratifying for this reason and also because it 
 placed him in connection with an engineering problem of great 
 interest which was in line with his earlier work. The board 
 visited Central America, examined the route of the Nicaragua 
 canal and also the Panama canal ; then returned to the United 
 States and completed its work Nov. 1, 1895. In July, 1897, he 
 was appointed by President McKinley a member of the U. 
 S. board of enginers on deep waterways to make surveys and 
 estimates of cost for a ship canal from the Great Lakes to deep 
 water in the Hudson River. This was also congenial work. 
 It was completed in August, 1900. In June, -1899, he was also 
 placed by President McKinley on the Isthmian Canal Com- 
 mission, which was charged with the determination of the 
 best canal route across the American isthmus, and it has been 
 substantially on the route selected by this commission that the 
 Panama canal has been constructed. During its continuance 
 Noble visited Europe with his colleagues to examine the data 
 relating to the Panama canal collected in the office of the 
 canal company in Paris, and visited the Kiel, Amsterdam and 
 Manchester ship canals. He also made two trips to Central 
 America to examine more fully the canal routes there. 
 
 In. the spring of 1898 he was appointed by William R. Day, 
 then Assistant Secretary of State, as arbitrator in a dispute 
 between a citizen of this country and the government of San 
 Domingo. He visited that island, returning to New York a 
 few days before the declaration of war with Spain. In the 
 autumn of 1900 he was appointed a member of an engineer 
 board to advise the state engineer of New York concerning 
 the plans and estimates for a barge canal across that state. 
 
 In November, 1901, the city authorities of Galveston, Texas, 
 appointed Alfred Noble, Henry C. Ripley and General 
 
158 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Robert as a board of engineers to devise a plan for protecting 1 
 the city and suburbs from future inundations. They reported 
 a plan .involving the building of a solid wall of concrete over 
 three miles long and seventeen feet in height above mean low 
 water, the raising of the city grade and making an embank- 
 ment adjacent to the wall, the whol: to cost about three and a 
 half millions of dollars. This plan was carried into effect. 
 
 In November, 1901, he formed a partnership with Ralph 
 Modjeski for the design and construction of the bridge across 
 the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, which bridge was 
 opened in May, 1905." 
 
 In January, 1902, Noble was appointed chief engineer of the 
 East River Division of the new Pennsylvania Railroad ter- 
 minal in New York City, the division embracing excavation 
 at the site of the passenger station, tunnels under streets east- 
 ward to East River, four tunnels under the river and a large 
 terminal yard on Long Island, the work under his charge cost- 
 ing about thirty millions of dollars. This work was completed 
 in 1909. 
 
 In 1905 he was appointed by President Roosevelt a member 
 of an international board of engineers to recommend whether 
 the Panama Canal should be constructed as a sea-level or a 
 lock canal. This board consisted of thirteen members, of 
 whom five were nominated by foreign governments. Noble 
 was one of a minority of five, all Americans, who recommend- 
 ed the adoption of a lock plan ; their views were adopted by 
 the government and the canal has been built in accordance 
 with their recommendation. 
 
 In March, 1907, Noble was one of three appointed by Presi- 
 dent Roosevelt to visit the Panama Canal to investigate al- 
 leged conditions regarding the foundations of some of the 
 principal structures ; this duty was completed in a few weeks. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 159 
 
 He was obliged to decline a similar appointment two years 
 later. 
 
 After 1909 he was engaged in practice as a consulting en- 
 gineer; probably the most important question dealt with was 
 in regard to the dry dock being built by the U. S. government 
 near Honolulu. He also served as a consulting engineer for 
 the Board of Water Supply of New York City and in like 
 capacity for the Public Service Commission for the First Dis- 
 trict of the State of New York. 
 
 The foregoing account of Alfred Noble's career since 1902 
 is nearly in his own words, as he wrote them only a few 
 weeks before his end for the purposes of this class history. 
 His characteristic modesty and brevity of expression prob- 
 ably furnished the reason for his omitting to mention his 
 work during this latter period for the Canadian Government 
 in connection with the foundations of the Quebec Bridge and 
 the enlargement of the Welland Canal, as well as his investi- 
 gations for various waterpower and other corporations. 
 
 The first of the water-power projects involved a study of 
 the regulation of Lake Superior for the Michigan Lake Supe- 
 rior Power Company. This problem covered four years of 
 continuous work, and the report, filling three large volumes is 
 now filed with the International Waterways Commission. A 
 surprisingly large proportion of this work was done by Noble 
 personally; if he had a weakness, it was in this habit he had 
 formed of doing possibly too much work himself. 
 
 He visited California twice to examine and report upon 
 projects for the Big Meadows Dam for the Great Western 
 Power Company, and gave a large part of his time, extend- 
 ing over a year, to the study of a power development on the 
 Susquehanna River. He also made a study of an extension 
 of the plant at Niagara Falls ; a study of power possibilities 
 
100 CLASS OF 'TO, rxivKusirv OF MICHIGAN 
 
 on the St. Lawrence River; and a report on a plant at Grand 
 Falls, New Brunswick. 
 
 He did much work for the city during the latter part of his 
 life. The city made use more particularly of his ability as an 
 expert in tunnel matters, first, on the many miles of tunnel for 
 the Catskill Aqueduct, north of the city, and the deep tunnels 
 under the Boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn and the East 
 River, and, secondly on the subway tunnels, especially the 
 four East River tunnels known as Routes 33 and 48. 
 
 Aside from the 1GO million dollars, more or less, which was 
 the cost of the Catskill Aqueduct, and which he cannot be 
 said to have passed upon as a whole, the value of the work 
 referred to him for his judgment during the four years totals 
 nearly 100 million dollars. This is mentioned only as giving 
 some idea of the magnitude of the responsibilities which were 
 placed upon him, and as an indication of the value placed 
 upon his judgment. 
 
 Of what was perhaps his greatest public service, and of the 
 degree in which the country owes it to him for the avoidance 
 of a disastrous failure at Panama, his brief statement con- 
 veys no idea. This has been characterized as follows : 
 
 "As most of our readers will remember,, all the foreign 
 engineers and three of the American engineers united in a 
 majority report advising the construction of a sea-level canal. 
 Five American engineers, with Mr. Noble at the head, stood 
 out in favor of a lock canal. We say, 'Mr. Noble at the head' 
 because from his strong experience in connection with the 
 lock at Sault Ste. Marie, he was better nble than any engineer 
 upon the commission to speak authoritatively with respect to 
 the construction and operation of great ship canal locks. To 
 Alfred Noble's discerning wisdom and independent judgment 
 and to his willingness to stand in a minority in defense of 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITE-RATI'IIK, SCIENCE AND ARTS 1(51 
 
 what he believed to be right, the country owes it today that 
 it did not undertake what we now know would have been the 
 folly of a sea-level canal at Panama. 
 
 "In the struggle which followed the submission of these 
 two conflicting reports, Mr. Noble's ability and strong per- 
 sonality had much to do with the final decision by which 
 those in authority rejected the majority report and adopted 
 that of the minority.' ENGINEERING NEWS, April 23, 
 '14. 
 
 "The country is under great obligations to him for his wise 
 and far-sighted course in relation to the Panama Canal. As 
 a member of the International Board of Consulting Engineers, 
 assembled by President Roosevelt in 1905, he threw the 
 weight of his long experience and acknowledged engineering 
 ability in favor of a lock as against a sea-level canal and wrote 
 the report of the minority members of that body, in which 
 the plan of the canal as constructed was outlined. As a mem- 
 ber of a special commission of three sent by President Roose- 
 velt to the Isthmus in 1907 to make a special investigation of 
 the lock and clam sites, his signature to a report declaring the 
 foundations safe and stable had great effect in reassuring the 
 public confidence." 
 
 GEN. GEORGE W. GOETHALS. 
 
 "He was the dean of American engineers and has left a rec- 
 ord of brilliant usefulness upon which it is inspiring to dwell. 
 I had at one period much official relationship with him and 
 came to respect him most highly as a man and as an engineer. 
 His professional advice in respect to the type of the Panama 
 Canal and the security of the foundations of the Gatun Dam 
 was followed by the Government and has been vindicated 
 completely by the event." 
 
 EX-PRESIDENT WILLIAM H. TAFT. 
 
1G2 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Alfred Xoble was a past-president of the Western Society 
 of Engineers, the American Society of Civil Engineers and 
 the American Institute of Consulting Engineers. In 1910 he 
 was awarded the John Fritz Medal for "notable achievements 
 as a Civil Engineer." In 1911 he was elected an Honorary 
 Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers of Great Britain, 
 and in 191? received the Elliott Cresson Medal of the Frank- 
 lin Institute "in recognition of his distinguished achievements 
 in the field of Civil Engineering." He was married May 31, 
 1871, to Miss Georgia Speedily of Ann Arbor. She died 
 January 12, 1915. They left one son, Frederick Charles, who 
 was graduated from the engineering department at Ann Ar- 
 bor in 1894, and is now following his profession in Xew York 
 City, at 101 Park Ave. 
 
 Alfred Xoble died April 19, 1914, in Xew York City. 
 
 It is not so much his success as an engineer but his qualities 
 of mind and heart, that his friends would recall. The follow- 
 ing are some of the tributes to his memory : 
 
 "The name of Alfred Xoble will live in our memories, and 
 in history, with those who possessed the finest qualities of 
 heart and intellect." 
 
 CHARLES S. CARTER, '70. 
 
 "I well remember when Alfred Xoble came to the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan, where he entered the Sophomore class 
 in 1867. He was somewhat older than the rest of us, and, 
 in my opinion, far more able than any of us. He had had 
 three years' experience in the army, and those who knew him 
 there said that he had been a faithful and valiant soldier. I 
 do not think any of his classmates ever heard him speak of 
 his army career. He probably regarded it merely as part of 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 163 
 
 his duty, and not a thing to be talked about. Moreover, he 
 was at all times the most modest and retiring of men. Those 
 of you who know him, I think, will have marked this char- 
 acteristic. * * * In his case, the boy was father to the 
 man. He was modest, kindly, industrious and capable, as 
 boy and man. I need hardly say to you that he had partic- 
 ular aptitude for the science of engineering, and unusual skill 
 in the higher mathematics. While he was easily, in my opin- 
 ion, the first man in our class, I do not think there was any 
 of our fellow-students who had the slightest feeling of envy 
 or jealousy toward him. By common consent he was our 
 intellectual leader. We all liked him, and the more we emu- 
 lated his example and tried to reach his attainments in 
 scholarship, the better it was for us. 
 
 "The last time I saw Alfred Noble was at the great Michi- 
 gan banquet in New York in 1911, when as a member of the 
 ]\ T ew York committee, he did very much to make that func- 
 tion the great success it was. With his great qualities and 
 achievements, he had a gentle vein of humor that made him 
 the most agreeable of companions. In person, as you know, 
 he looked his part, and was a most attractive man. To have 
 known him and had his friendship is one of the most pleasant 
 and valued recollections of my life." 
 
 JUSTICE WILLIAM R. DAY, 70. 
 
 "I first knew him as the great engineer, but came to know 
 him also as the biggest, broadest and most human man with 
 whom I ever came in contact." 
 
 PAUL GOODWIN BROWN. 
 
 "He was one of those great men whose modesty, gentle- 
 ness and kindliness vested his greatness with a charm, and 
 
104 CLASS OF '70, I \\IVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 made all those who knew him love him as a man as strongly 
 as they admired him as an engineer." 
 
 RICHARD S. BUCK. 
 
 "Like every one else that knew Alfred Noble, I not only 
 admired him as a man and as an engineer, but had for him a 
 real deep affection as a friend, and I feel that I, too, have suf- 
 fered a loss today." 
 
 COL. WM. BARCLAY PARSONS. 
 
 "I have been struck with admiration for his great abilities 
 and his splendid character as a man." 
 
 HON. JOSEPHUS DANIELS. 
 
 "Alfred Noble was my ideal of a man, a grand character 
 embodying the best traits of human intelligence and person- 
 ality. He measured up to the perfect standard of a Chief 
 Engineer, with full technical and practical ability, ready with 
 right expedients, always successful, with never a failure, with 
 unassuming modesty, with a living honesty of intent and 
 deed, bright and spotless as sunlight, and an inborn gift of 
 leadership which inspired loyalty to him and his work in 
 every employee, however humble or important the position 
 might chance to be, and imbuing a spirit of service willing to 
 go to the limit of uttermost endurance." 
 
 JOSEPH RIPLEY. 
 
 "He was to me a remarkable man, whom I counted as one 
 of the few really great men I have known ; and I always re- 
 joiced in learning of the deserved recognition of him by 
 others. While he undoubtedly understood and knew of his 
 marked ability, he never appeared to realize that he excelled 
 or to assert it ; but had a quiet, unassuming, reserved and 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 105 
 
 kindly personality which was most attractive to me. He was 
 really a man that none knew but to love and none named but 
 to praise. It is a gratification to remember that he won 
 appreciation and distinction in his life work and did his life 
 work grandly." 
 
 JUDGE J. H. STEERE. 
 
 "I esteem it a great privilege to have known him and to 
 have been, even to so small an extent as I personally have 
 been, associated with the one man who in my opinion out- 
 ranked all the other engineers in this country. His splendid 
 character and honor have been a great influence for good in 
 the profession, and we all miss that fine, guiding spirit very 
 greatly. In his death there still remains to us the memory 
 of one of the finest men that ever lived, finishing his course 
 in the full possession of all his powers and at the summit of 
 his fame. What can any of us desire for himself better than 
 that?" 
 
 J. VIPOND DA VIES. 
 
 "He was one of the most companionable of men, and, while 
 he could express himself with vigor whenever occasion might 
 demand it, his nature was to accomplish his purposes through 
 quiet and gentle procedures. In fact, he may properly be 
 characterized as a gentleman in the best sense of the word. 
 He possessed unlimited stability and poise of mind. 
 He could not be surprised into a conclusion not justified by 
 his judgment, and it was unthinkable that he should reach 
 an unwise conclusion through crude impulse. In endeavor- 
 ing to find what qualities gave him the prominent position 
 in the profession which he held, I think one must look chiefly 
 to his perfect stability of character and judgment, his kindly 
 nature unfailingly exhibited to all those with whom he came 
 in contact, his uncompromising right principle, and his fine 
 
1UG CLASS OF ? 7G, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 analytic capacity which he brought to bear on all engineering 
 questions." 
 
 WILLIAM H. BURR. 
 
 "He was a man for whom everyone entertained the highest 
 respect, not only for his professional ability and talents, but 
 for his many endearing personal qualities as well." 
 
 SAMUEL REA. 
 
 "Mr. Noble was not only one of our great engineers, but 
 the highest type of man in every respect, and his quiet, lov- 
 able ways endeared him to all. He will be greatly missed, 
 and it will be very difficult to fill the position he has occupied 
 in the engineering world." 
 
 AMBROSE SWASEY. 
 
 "He stood for nothing but the straight, unvarnished truth, 
 and I am sure there was not a man who knew him but felt 
 he was the better for having known him and the better for 
 following him." 
 
 JAMES FORGIE. 
 
 "I feel that I have lost a true friend and the engineering pro- 
 fession its foremost American representative." 
 
 ISHAM RANDOLPH. 
 
 "There are few men in the country to whom the Nation 
 owes a greater debt for large service rendered." 
 
 CHARLES WHITING BAKER. 
 
 "In the passing of Alfred Noble our profession has lost one 
 of its best and highest representatives the leader in his spe- 
 cial work, true to his friends, a gentleman, a man in all that 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 167 
 
 the word implies. He left a vacancy in our ranks that cannot 
 be filled." 
 
 JOHN F. WALLACE. 
 
 "No life's record brings to the individual or to the engineer- 
 ing profession more honor than that of Alfred Noble." 
 
 BRIG. GEN. A. MacKENZIE. 
 
 "He was a great man and a great engineer. When I think 
 of an ideal to work up to, both as engineer and a man, Noble 
 comes to my mind first of all. * * * I am mourning the 
 best of men and the best of friends." 
 
 RALPH MODJESKI. 
 
 "As a man he was of the highest standard of honor and 
 integrity, and was the very personification of humility. I 
 can only add my testimony to the fact that the United States 
 of America, and the profession generally, have lost one of the 
 most distinguished engineers of this generation/' 
 
 CHARLES M. JACOBS. 
 
 "He was certainly one of the finest types of manhood that 
 I ever met, either in the United States or anywhere else ; able, 
 kindly, strong-minded, sticking to his opinions with great 
 determination no matter how persuasive the arguments on the 
 other side, and very thoughtful of others and generous in his 
 dealings with them. I should say he was much the same 
 type of character as Abraham Lincoln." 
 
 SIR ERNEST W. MOIR. 
 
 "I was always struck by his great sincerity and the ex- 
 tremely fair way in which he examined any questions put 
 before him. I felt that I should be quite satisfied to take his 
 opinion as an arbitrator on any question which might be in 
 
108 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 dispute in which I might be one of the parties. I say this 
 not only on account of his professional qualities, which were as 
 well recognized in Great Britain as in the United States, and 
 Canada, but also on account of his fair mind and common 
 sense." 
 
 SIR MAURICE FITZMAURICE. 
 
 "Noble by name and noble by nature, like all great men, he 
 was entirely unassuming, patient, painstaking, and hard 
 working; kindly, generous and unselfish; capable of meeting 
 any obstacle and overcoming it ; strong and reliable ; courage- 
 ous and never compromising with what he considered wrong." 
 
 SIR HENRY JAPP. 
 
 "The qualities in him that I like best to remember were his 
 gentleness, genuineness, geniality, quiet humor, thorough 
 sympathy with, and readiness to help others, by kindly advice 
 or otherwise, wherever and whenever such help was asked 
 or appeared to him to be needed. * * * 
 
 "I have tried to think of all the attributes of which a man 
 would wish to be possessed, and have endeavored, without 
 success, to find one which was not a feature of his character. 
 
 "Alfred Noble was the best balanced, most lovable, most 
 dependable, most useful man I have ever known. To meet 
 him, even casually, was always a pleasure ; to have known 
 him intimately was a great privilege." 
 
 CHAS. WARREN HUNT, LL. D. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 109 
 
 In all these tributes, what remarkable unanimity, and what 
 evident sincerity ! At the end of a life so honorable, so kindly, 
 so useful as was his, what better offering to his memory can 
 there be than the heartfelt expressions of his friends? 
 
 The following verses are by Mr. W. L. Saunders: 
 
 "At three score years and ten a useful life 
 
 Has run its course. And as we think of him 
 
 The sorrow and the flowing tears of friends 
 
 Are turned to joy that such a one as he 
 
 Has lived and wrought. Here was a man who led 
 
 In building up, a mind endowed to see 
 
 And think and do in all the larger things, 
 
 A Captain leading men on Nature's fields 
 
 To win in building monuments of peace. 
 
 This engineer has shattered Nature's works 
 
 To make the world a better dwelling place 
 
 For all of us. His life was gentle and 
 
 No thought of self within him dwelt. He won 
 
 Scarce knowing why, the plaudits of the world. 
 
 Upon his monument let it be writ: 
 
 'He was an Engineer. He was a man.' ' ; 
 
 CLARK OLDS, B. S., M. S. 
 
 Born at Erie, Perm., July 14, 1850. 
 
 Address: Erie, Penn. 
 
 I have spent my life with the labors and duties of the pro- 
 fession of the law, having practiced continuously, making a 
 specialty of the Admiralty practice, but have only reached 
 the plane of mediocrity in the profession, yet from time to 
 
170 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 time have been connected with important litigation. I prac- 
 tice in all the State and United States Courts. Was a dele- 
 gate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in 
 1904, at which time Roosevelt was nominated for President. 
 
 I have been industrious and economical, accumulating some 
 property. 
 
 I have rilled many quasi-public positions, mostly of a char- 
 itable nature, such as for many years director and president 
 of the Erie County Mutual Insurance Company, member of 
 the Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Erie, over 
 fifteen years, and president of the Board for nine years, direc- 
 tor of the Erie Chamber of Commerce eleven years and presi- 
 dent one year, one of the managers and chairman of the 
 finance committee of the Erie Cemetery for many years and 
 president three years, director and president of the Lake Side 
 Cemetery for seven years, director and treasurer of The L. 
 W. Olds Real Estate Company eighteen years, one of the 
 directors of the Erie Trust Company, member of the board 
 of examiners for admissions to the Erie County Bar, chair- 
 man of the Commission to build a public steamboat landing, 
 at the port of Erie, built by the State of Pennsylvania, chair- 
 man of the Commission to ascertain encroachments on the 
 public lands bordering on Lake Erie, both of the above 
 appointments made by the Governor in pursuance of acts of 
 assembly, appointed by the Court chairman of a committee 
 to adopt new indices for the county records. I was chairman 
 of the local "Questionnaire Board" and a member of the local 
 committee for placing all the Liberty Loan issues. 
 
 Was a member of the Lake Mohonk Conferences on "In- 
 ternational Arbitration" for seven successive years, up to the 
 close of the conferences at the outbreak of the world war. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITKUATI KK, SCIENCE AND ARTS 171 
 
 Am a member of the Erie County Law Association, the 
 Erie Club, the University Club, the Kahkwa Country Club, 
 the American Society of Civil Engineers, Engineers' Society 
 of Pennsylvania, Erie Board of Commerce, Erie Motor Club 
 and Chairman of the Committee to revise the rules of the Or- 
 phans' Court of Erie Co., Pa. 
 
 I have only one child living, Irving S. Olds, who is a mem- 
 ber of the law firm of White & Case, 14 Wall Street, New 
 York City. He was at the head of the legal department of 
 J. P. Morgan & Company during the time they were purchas- 
 ing supplies for the allies, also head of the legal department 
 of the British War Mission, in New York, till the clos: of the 
 war. 
 
 I had the great misfortune to be bereaved of my wife in 
 December, 1919. 
 
 For recreation I have, in a small way, bred and raced a few 
 standard trotting horses. 
 
 The above comprises my principal activities since the pub- 
 lication of the last class history. 
 
 DARIUS COMSTOCK PENNINGTON, B. S. 
 Born in Town of Macon, Lena wee Co., Mich., April 22, 1847. 
 
 Address: 400 Wilcox Ave., Oroville, Cal. 
 Mr. Pennington has given the greater part of his life to 
 fruit raising in California since leaving the University. The 
 work seems to agree with him, however, for he has accom- 
 plished a great deal in that line and made a name for himself 
 in his part of California. He sends the following letter: 
 
 Vacaville, Cal. 
 Dear Classmates: 
 
 The notice of Noble's death was duly received. Our ranks 
 are thinning fast surely, and the shadows are getting long 
 with me, but I am still able to be about my work. 
 
172 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 I received your circular letter, containing the list of those 
 of the class who had "gone across the great divide," and also 
 a request for data to be used in the supplementary class 
 biography, which should have been forwarded long before 
 this, but I am very busy all the time, and have much outside 
 work that takes me about the state a good deal, especially 
 during the last of the winter and early spring, not to speak 
 of the work on the ranch here, where I have from twelve to 
 fifty men to oversee, depending on the season. 
 
 During the season of cherry picking we have at times sixty 
 men at work, so that when night comes, I am tired out, for 
 age begins to tell on me, and it is not as easy to get through 
 with the day's duties as it once was. 
 
 As to my life, since the Class History was published, there 
 has been nothing out of the ordinary, everyday work that 
 comes to a fruit rancher in California and nothing to place 
 my name "in the lime light." I have plodded along, doing 
 each day the thing that came to my hand to do to the best 
 of my ability. I have made many friends and some enemies 
 as well, and have also made something of a reputation as an 
 expert in my line of work ; but it will not loom very large 
 by the side of the most of my classmates, and I do not flatter 
 myself that my achievements will receive more than a pass- 
 ing notice from anyone ; nor that I have added much to the 
 achievements of the class of '70. Like most people, I can 
 look back and see the mistakes and blunders that I have made, 
 but I try not to let that hinder me in doing what is ahead of 
 me to be done and I hope to "die in harness" with my face 
 to the front. 
 
 Mv wife and the children that were left to me are still liv- 
 ing. The children are all married, and we have eight grand- 
 children good average young Americans ; and to get among 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 173 
 
 them makes me forget my gray hair and that I am getting 
 old. 
 
 There does not seem to be anything farther that I can tell, 
 and I shall be glad if what I have put down herein will help 
 you out in your "labor of love." Therefore I will close, with 
 best wishes and remembrances to you and yours, hoping that 
 you will be spared to them and us yet these many days. 
 Yours fraternally, 
 
 D. C. PENNINGTON. 
 
 JUDGE WILLIAM LORENZO PENFIELD, A. B. 
 
 Born at Dover, Lenawee Co., Mich., April 2, 1846 Died at 
 Washington, D. C., May 9, 1909. 
 
 The following is taken from the New York Daily Tribune 
 of May 10, 1909: 
 
 Washington, May 9. Ex-Judge William L. Penfield, for- 
 merly solicitor of the Department of State, and an authority 
 on international law, died after a long illness at his apartment 
 in this city at 5 o'clock this morning. His death was due to 
 a complication of heart and stomach troubles which had con- 
 fined him to his bed for several months. The end came in the 
 presence of his wife, a son and daughter, and a sister, Mrs. 
 Duncan, of Greenfield, Ind. 
 
 The funeral services will be held Tuesday afternoon, and 
 interment will be in the District of Columbia. 
 
 William L. Penfield, Solicitor of the State Department from 
 189? to 1905 and authority on international law, was a native 
 of Dover, Lenawee County, Mich. He was sixty-three years 
 
174 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 old on April 2 last. In his boyhood Judge Penfield, as he was 
 most familiarly known, lived on a farm. He was graduated 
 from the University of Michigan in 1870, after which he was 
 for two years instructor of German and Latin at Adrian Col- 
 lege. At the end of this term Mr. Penfield was admitted to 
 the bar. He then went to Auburn, Ind., to practise, after 
 which he became identified with the official and political life 
 of Indiana. 
 
 The rise of Judge Penfield in the legal profession and in the 
 councils of the Republican party of his adopted state was 
 rapid, and he occupied in turn the offices of City Attorney and 
 judge of the Indiana Circuit Court. However, it was 
 as Solicitor of the State Department, to which office the late 
 President McKinley appointed him, that the greatest, oppor- 
 tunity came to him to demonstrate to its full his legal acu- 
 men, and, as it later developed, his diplomacy. 
 
 The incumbency of Judge Penfield in that office was 
 marked by many perplexing and important international ques- 
 tions. One of the most important of these was the case of 
 several European countries against Venezuela, when he ap- 
 peared at The Hague tribunal as counsel for the United 
 States and Venezuela in the arbitration proceedings. Judge 
 Penfield also represented the United States in the interna- 
 tional arbitration of disputes between this country and Santo 
 Domingo, Peru, Nicaragua and Guatemala. In these he se- 
 cured for the United States awards aggregating $2,250,000. 
 He was also special commissioner to Brazil in 1905. He re- 
 signed from the State Department to resume the private prac- 
 tice of law in Washington. 
 
 In his political career Judge Penfield had been a member 
 of the Republican State Committee of Indiana, presidential 
 elector and electoral messenger in 1888 and delegate to the 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 175 
 
 Republican National Convention in 1892. He was a member 
 of the American Bar Association, the Indiana State Bar As- 
 sociation and the Cosmos Club, of Washington. 
 
 The Auburn (Ind.) Evening Dispatch of May 10th, 1909, 
 contained the following: 
 
 Judge William L. P'enfield is dead. The long-expected end 
 of this truly great man of his generation has come. After a 
 heroic battle against a complication of heart and stomach 
 troubles, he was forced to surrender on Sunday morning at 
 5 o'clock in his apartment in the Ontario in Washington, D. C. 
 
 Frequently The Dispatch has mentioned Judge Penfield's 
 illness, and only Saturday said that all hopes for his recovery 
 had been blasted. From day to day our people have watched 
 closely to see any message of better news and have been hap- 
 pily rewarded at times and saddened at others. 
 
 For nearly three weeks oxygen has been administered to 
 him to keep him alive, and even in that critical condition has 
 showed signs at times that gave the devoted family hopes. 
 His case has been one of the most remarkable on record. His 
 wonderful vitality seemed almost too great for the grim 
 reaper to overcome, but he surrendered to the inevitable, sur- 
 rounded by his devoted wife, his son, Walter, his daughter, 
 Blanche, and his sister, Mrs. Duncan, of Greenfield, Indiana. 
 
 Judge Penfield has a peculiar attachment to our city and 
 community. A resident here for twenty-five years, he forged 
 a chain of friendship that his twelve years of absence has 
 failed to break. He is strongly linked to us. Here he mar- 
 ried his wife, Miss Luna Walters ; here he raised his family 
 of four children, two dying in childhood and now residing in 
 the city of the dead, Evergreen cemetery ; here he filled a 
 prominent place in public and private life; here he built him- 
 self a fine home on South Main street, and here he has main- 
 
17(> ('LASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 tained his legal residence, even though he has been in Wash- 
 ington nearly all of the time since 1897. 
 
 Attorney D. D. Moody claims the distinction of being in- 
 fluential in bringing Judge Penfield here from Adrian, Michi- 
 gan. In 1872, Mr. Moody and Dr. J. J. Littlefield were se- 
 lected as a committee to get a Fourth of July orator, and Dr. 
 Littlefield, knowing Judge Penfield, suggested him to Mr. 
 Moody, who agreed on the judge being invited to speak in 
 our city, which invitation he accepted. In January following 
 he came here and formed a partnership in the practice of law 
 with Mr. Moody, which lasted three years. Then Auburn 
 was but a village as to the Auburn we know today. Our 
 older readers will recall this incident and immediately asso- 
 ciate numerous other happenings of early day life with it. 
 
 The funeral will be held in Washington on Tuesday after- 
 noon and intermen-t will be in the Rock Creek cemetery in 
 the capitol city. 
 
 The honorary pallbearers at the funeral will be chosen 
 from among the most prominent Indianans at Washington. 
 
 He was born on a farm in Lenawee county, Michigan, on 
 April 2, 1846, the fourth of a family of eight children. His 
 parents, William Penfield and wife, natives of New England, 
 were of English lineage. 
 
 Judge Penfield spent his childhood days and youth upon 
 the farm, aiding his parents by performing the labor which 
 usually falls to the lot of a farmer boy. He early determined 
 to rise above the sphere of his juvenile environments. He 
 attended the district school, and later, in the public schools 
 of Hillsdale, fitted himself for a college course. After spend- 
 ing some time in Adrian college, he entered the Michigan 
 University at Ann Arbor, where he pursued the classic course, 
 graduating with high honors in 1870. One of his classmates 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 177 
 
 was Hon. William R. Day, later Secretary of State under 
 President McKinley, and now on the bench of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States. Soon after receiving his diploma, 
 the chair of German and Latin in Adrian College, where he 
 had formerly been a student, were tendered him, which posi- 
 tion he accepted and held for two years. It was, however, 
 his purpose to enter the legal profession, and while teaching 
 he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1872, and in 
 January of the following year he came to Auburn and entered 
 upon the practice of his life profession. 
 
 Here he found strong competition in his profession, but 
 realizing that he had a name to make at the bar, and a repu- 
 tation to secure, he never faltered. With the same courage 
 and perseverance that has marked his entire career, he soon 
 demonstrated his fitness for his chosen avocation. He soon 
 won a large clientage in both the state and the federal courts. 
 
 In politics, Judge Penfield has always been a republican, 
 and has taken an active part in campaign work from the time 
 he was twenty-one years old. 
 
 In 1884, during the Elaine campaign, he was a member of 
 the Republican State Committee. In 1888 he was chosen 
 presidential elector, and by the electoral college of Indiana 
 was selected as its messenger to carry the result of the elec- 
 tion to the President. In 1892 he was chosen delegate from 
 his congressional district to the National Republican Conven- 
 tion at Minneapolis. In 1894 he was nominated by his party 
 for the office of the Thirty-fifth Judicial Circuit of Indiana, 
 and won the election by 1,778 votes, the largest majority ever 
 given a judge in this circuit. In Auburn he ran 178 votes 
 ahead of the state ticket, and 220 votes ahead in DeKalb 
 county, which, considering the many hard fought legal bat- 
 tles waged by him against many of his constituency during 
 
178 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 the twenty-two years of active practice, indicates his genuine 
 worth and popularity among those who knew him best. His 
 dignified and fearless demeanor upon the bench, combined 
 with his sound judgment and learning, commanded the ad- 
 miration and esteem of the members of the bar whose lot it 
 was to practice before. 
 
 He served as judge until the spring of 1897, when he re- 
 signed to accept the appointment by President McKinley, to 
 the office of Solicitor of the United States Department of 
 State. It was in this new field of labor that Judge Penfield 
 had his first opportunity to fully demonstrate his great abil- 
 ity, and prove his fiber. He served in that capacity through- 
 out President McKinley's terms, and was reappointed by 
 President Roosevelt, as the highest acknowledgement of his 
 ability and great utility. 
 
 During the critical days and events of the last years of 
 Spanish rule in Cuba, the Spanish-American War, the Philip- 
 pine Insurrection, and the P>oxer War, with the exception 
 of Secretary John Hay and later Secretary Day, no person 
 stood closer to the president than did Mr. Penfield. Upon him 
 devolved the responsibility of preparing the opinions -and state 
 papers pertaining to those questions. As indicative of how 
 well he performed those duties, and the high esteem in which 
 he was held by his superior officials, he was appointed by the 
 president to represent the United States before The Hague 
 permanent arbitration court, in the controversy with Mexico 
 over the "Pious Fund Case of the Californias," this being 
 the first case to be tried before the tribunal. He was later 
 appointed by the president to represent the United States 
 in the Venezuelan Arbitration before The Hague Tribunal, 
 in 100.3. It will be recalled that this arbitration had its 
 origin in a controversy which arose over certain claims of 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 179 
 
 Great Britain, Germany and Italy, against Venezuela anil 
 following the blockading of the ports of Venezuela by those? 
 three powers in 1892, and the purpose was to settle priority 
 of the claims of those three powers on the one side, and the 
 claims of Venezuela, the United States, Mexico, Spain, 
 France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Sweden and Norway 
 on the other side. 
 
 Mr. Penfield has also been counsel for the United States 
 in international arbitration cases of the United States against 
 San Domingo, Peru, Haiti, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Sal- 
 vador; securing awards for the United States which amount- 
 ed more than $2,000,000,00. 
 
 After serving his government faithfully as solicitor for up- 
 wards of ten years, during which time some of the most deli- 
 cate international questions of the history of our government 
 were settled with credit to the United States, he resigned in 
 1905 and opened a law office in Washington City, to practice 
 international law. 
 
 Aside from his legal work, Judge Penfield has been a great 
 student of general literature, and has to a large extent mas- 
 tered the leading European languages. He not only has 
 written many able articles on legal subjects for magazines, 
 but has been the author of many intellectual articles and es- 
 says in different literary magazines and periodicals, and dur- 
 ing the last few years he has delivered lectures on interna- 
 tional law in the University of Washington. 
 
 For two years his son, Walter, was in partnership with 
 him, and of valuable assistance to him. Walter, as we like 
 to think of him, is well known here and commands the re- 
 spect of a wide acquaintance. Miss Blanche is also at home. 
 
 Judge Penfield's eminence was of a type which money can- 
 not purchase, close application and persistent effort, combined 
 
180 CLASS OF 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 with strong ability. Whether in public or private life, as law- 
 yer, judge or official, he was true to duty and the trust reposed 
 in him. He was quiet and dignified in temperament and yet 
 of a genial disposition, which, combined with his broad erudi- 
 tion and sound judgment, commanded the confidence and es- 
 teem of those who came in contact with him. He was a man 
 toward whom we loved to point and say, "He was from Au- 
 burn." 
 
 Judge Penfield's son, Walter Scott Penfield, continues the 
 law business at the office in the Colorado building, Washing- 
 ton, D. C. He is a graduate (B. A.) of Michigan and LL. B. 
 from Washington University. Was appointed consulting at- 
 torney to the Panama Legation, Washington, and counsel in 
 arbitration as to boundary dispute between Costa Rica and 
 Panama, 1912 ; same to Dominican Legation, and in arbitra- 
 tion as to boundary dispute between Hayti and the Domini- 
 can Republic. Was attorney for Nicaraguan Legation, 1911- 
 13. 
 
 AARON PERRY, B. S., M. S., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Oakland County, Mich., November 11, 1848. Died 
 at Pontiac, Mich., February 12, 1920. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Pontiac, Mich., January 25, 1878. 
 
 The Class Letter, I confess brings to me sadness as well 
 as joy. Wylie and Blackburn, poor fellows! Here is their 
 jolly greeting, alas ! The last they will ever give us and all 
 these messages have been delayed too long ever to greet the 
 mortal eyes of poor Wylie. 
 
 After graduation I spent the first summer recruiting my 
 physical system, and the next fall entered upon the task of 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AM> ARTS 181 
 
 teaching the "Ortonville Academy" for the school year. The 
 next school year I taught "Ovid Union School." The next 
 fall was elected to the state legislature (lower house). After 
 the close of the session I went to Muskegon to take local 
 charge of the harbor improvements at that place. Was as- 
 sociated with Wells as U. S. Asst. Engineer and with Bird 
 and Mickle as contractors. From Muskegon went to A. A. 
 and read law until an extra session of the legislature was 
 called in March, after which I entered the law office of Judge 
 Baldwin at Pontiac and spent the summer and fall in study- 
 ing law. Was defeated that fall for county clerk of Oakland 
 county by the aggravatingly small majority of 11 votes. (The 
 villains!) Went up Salt River and to A. A. in November 
 and graduated in law the following March. Spent the sum- 
 mers of 1875-6 at Sand Beach, Mich., in U. S. service with 
 "Dixie" Gilbert. Since then in law with Judge Taft under 
 name of "Taft & Perry." Married Miss Sadie Hoffman in 
 1873. Our boy is talking about going to college. 
 
 PERRY. 
 
 Aaron Perry, oldest practicing attorney at Pontiac, Mich., 
 and one of its most honored citizens, died at the home of his 
 nephew, Jacob Perry, in that city, Thursday, February 12, 
 1920. He was 71 years of age. 
 
 His illness and death were the result of a gradual break- 
 down in physical strength, which had been in progress for 
 two years. After an extensive trip through the west the 
 previous summer he enjoyed distinctly better health until 
 after the holidays, but about two weeks before his death, be- 
 came ill with a cold and fever. After a few days he seemed 
 better, and even attended to some business matters, but a 
 week later his growing weakness compelled him to take to 
 
182 ('LASS OF '70, VNIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 his bed. Monday he was removed to his nephew's home. 
 Tuesday he showed marked improvement and Wednesday 
 morning was still better, but about noon his condition sud- 
 denly changed and he grew rapidly weaker. A congestion 
 of the lungs rapidly developed, and by night it was apparent 
 that he had but a few hours to live. His son, Stuart H. 
 Perry, of Adrian, who himself was convalescent from an ill- 
 ness, was able to reach .his bedside while he still was con- 
 scious and able to converse. The next day he grew steadily 
 weaker and at three o'clock passed quietly away. The fun- 
 eral services were held from All Saints Episcopal Church, the 
 Oakland County Bar Association attending in a body as hon- 
 orary pallbearers. 
 
 Aaron Perry was born on a farm in Oakland county, Mich., 
 November 11, 1848, the youngest of eight children of Abram 
 and Sophia Andrews Perry. His father, a native of Warren 
 county, N. J., came to Michigan in 1836, his mother being a 
 native of Genesee county, N. Y. His mother died when he 
 was two years old and he lost his father when he was fifteen 
 years of age. 
 
 From his father's estate he received $700, which with ad- 
 ditional borrowed money he expended in obtaaining an edu- 
 cation. After attending the Clarkston union school he entered 
 the University, where he was graduated in the cfass of 1870 
 with the degree of Bachelor of Science. He was an active 
 member of the Adelphi literary society and one of the speak- 
 ers at the second sophomore exhibition. 
 
 Returning to his home county, he entered politics in the fall 
 of 1870, lacking one vote of obtaining the Democratic nom- 
 ination for state representative. He taught that school year 
 at the Ortonville (Mich.) Academy, and in 1871-2 he was 
 superintendent of the union school at Ovid, Mich. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 
 
 In the famous Greeley campaign of 1872, he was elected to 
 the state legislature and with five others formed th^ Demo- 
 cratic minority in that body. At the close of the session in 
 1873 he went to Muskegon to take charge of harbor improve- 
 ment work under his former classmate, C. M. Wells. In the 
 fall of that year he entered the Law department of the Uni- 
 versity, but left in the following March to attend a special 
 session of the legislature called for the purpose of submitting 
 a new state constitution. 
 
 In the fall of 1874 he was a candidate for county clerk, 
 being defeated by 11 votes out of 10,000 cast a reverse which 
 he later often alluded to as a piece of good fortune because it 
 led him to resume his work in the law department of the 
 university, where he was graduated the following spring. 
 
 The two following summers he spent at Sand Beach, Mich., 
 superintending certain harbor improvement work then in 
 progress. The winters he spent at Pontiac in the office of 
 Judge Augustus G. Baldwin, then one of the leaders of the 
 Michigan bar. In the fall of 1876 he took an active part in 
 the Tilden campaign on the Democratic side, shortly after- 
 wards entering a law partnership with Judge Levi B. Taft, 
 which was later joined by Samuel W. Smith, who afterwards 
 served in Congress from that district. A few years later 
 Mr. Perry withdrew from the partnership and practitced alone 
 for many years. From 1896 to 1900 his son, Stuart H. Perry, 
 was associated with him, and afterwards for a short time Ross 
 Stockwell, now Judge of Probate, was the junior member of 
 the firm of Perry & Stockwell. Nineteen years ago with 
 James H. Lynch he formed the firm of Perry & Lynch, which 
 continued until -Mr. Perry's death. 
 
 The only public offices held by Mr. Perry were those of 
 prosecuting attorney and city attorney, he having served in 
 
184 CLASS OF 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 the latter capacity for a number of terms. He was twice de- 
 feated for office once when a candidate for circuit judge and 
 one when running- as a delegates to the state constitutional 
 convention, his district being overwhelmingly Republican. He 
 was a delegate to the Democratic convention at Baltimore in 
 1912, being an "original Wilson man," and taking an active 
 part in favor of Wilson's nomination. 
 
 A man of spotless integrity, gentle disposition, and incap- 
 able of malice or lasting resentment, he commanded at once 
 the respect and love of those with whom he came in contact. 
 Xo Pontiac citizen ever took a more conscientious view of 
 public matters or a deeper interest in his home city than he, 
 and there were few notable occasions when Mr. Perry was not 
 called upon to speak. He was always a strong advocate of 
 public improvements, particularly parks and playgrounds. 
 He was a charter member of the Oakland County Hospital 
 Association, and was an active member of the Chamber of 
 Commerce, Pioneer Society and other local organizations. 
 For many years before his death he had been president of the 
 Oakland County Bar Association, and was also the dean of 
 the bar in length of service. 
 
 In the forty-four years that Mr. Perry was engaged in the 
 practice of law in Pontiac he participated in a very large 
 number of important cases in the state and federal courts. 
 While an able and successful trial lawyer, his greatest 
 strength lay in his profound and accurate knowledge of the 
 law, his skill in briefing cases, and his success in difficult and 
 unusual legal problems. He was especially well versed, in 
 the laws pertaining to probate matters, and appeared in a 
 great number of important cases involving wills and estates. 
 His extensive knowledge of municipal and corporation law 
 also caused him to be retained by many public bodies as well 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 185 
 
 as private corporations. Only five days before his death, 
 though very weak from illness, he insisted on going to his 
 office to perfect a bonding resolution for a new county build- 
 ing, turning over the finished resolutions to the committee. 
 This was his last legal work. 
 
 A man of broad culture and wide reading, his studies were 
 by no means confined to the law. In addition to his large 
 law library, he had a private library that was especially rich 
 in scientific and historical works. For many years he special- 
 ized in the study of geology and microscopy, and had an ex- 
 tensive collection of works on these and kindred subjects, be- 
 sides a large and scientifically valuable collection of fossils 
 collected in his travels in all parts of the country and abroad. 
 He wrote occasionally upon scientific subjects, one of his pa- 
 pers being entitled "Surface Geology of Oakland County," 
 describing the land formations of the county and their origin. 
 
 He had traveled extensively in this country, Central Amer- 
 ica and Europe, spending several months abroad with Mrs. 
 Perry in 1908. He also was a great lover of nature, devoting 
 much attention to the cultivation of flowers, shrubs and veg- 
 etables. His last trip was made in the summer of 1919, a 
 two-months' excursion with the National Editorial Associa- 
 tion to the Pacific and the Canadian northwest. 
 
 On Christmas day, 1873, Mr. Perry married Sallie Hoffman 
 of Pontiac. She had been one of his assistants in the Ovid 
 high school and, sharing his literary tastes, they found a wide 
 field of mutual sympathy and pleasure. Her death in 1918 
 was a blow from which he did not recover and he began at 
 once to fail noticeably in health, though retaining an optim- 
 istic view of life and his keen interest in all public matters. 
 
 They had one child, Stuart H. Perry, now editor and owner 
 of the Adrian (Mich.) Daily Telegram, who way graduated 
 
18(> CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 from the University of Michigan with the degree of A. B. in 
 1894 and LL. B. in 1896. After practicing law four years 
 with his father he entered journalism, first as editor of the 
 Pontiac Press, then as proprietor of the St. Johns (Mich.) 
 News, acquiring his present newspaper property in 1907. He 
 is prominent among the publishers of the state, and for the 
 last ten years has been president of the Michigan Daily News- 
 paper Association. In 1919 he received from the University 
 of Michigan the honorary degree of Master of Arts for con- 
 structive editorial work during the period of the war. 
 
 REV. MAXWELL PHILLIPS, B. D. 
 
 Born on a farm near Chester, 111., May 13, 1841. Died at Al- 
 bany, Oregon, May 5, 1920. 
 
 Norman, Okla., March 20, 1914. 
 Dear Classmates: 
 
 I have your January circular, per secretary. 
 
 So you want more of my history. Some great man (I forget 
 who) said "Happy is that people that has no history." If 
 this applies to individuals, and it seems that it should, then 
 I am very happy; as Topsy "just growd," so I have just 
 lived. Neither have wealth nor glory to show. The Good 
 Book says: "The glory of old men is their gray hair." But 
 nature grudges me even that glory, for at 73 my hair is 
 scarcely beginning to turn. I still preach for pleasure, and 
 farm for a living. I am away beyond the preacher's dead 
 line, but I have my congregation (union) at my mercy, as I 
 preach like Paul, without charge, and so can stay as long as 
 I please. I have also the sweetest joy of a preacher's life 
 to see that God enjoys my preaching and gives some fruit in 
 conversions. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 1ST 
 
 I have had 12 children nine living, 7 boys and two girls. 
 My oldest son is in the Kansas City high school work and has 
 five children. He is 40. My youngest son is 9. The second 
 son is in the real estate work in California and has two boys. 
 
 My third son, Harry, is a missionary in my old field, Mexi- 
 co. Three boys, David, Paul and Kenneth, are all bigger 
 than I am, are farming and studying. Our two girls 11 and 
 13 years, today represent our school in a township spelling 
 contest. 
 
 Wife and I are working to carry the burden that God has 
 given us, and each trying to lighten the other's load, but in 
 this she beats me as women generally do. 
 
 The dawn is growing brighter, and the day will come. 
 
 MAXWELL P. PHILLIPS. 
 
 PHILLIPS Rev. Maxwell Phillips entered his heavenly 
 rest May 2, 1920, leaving a widow, seven sons and two daugh- 
 ters. They are: Prof. F. L. Phillips, of Kansas City; M. E. 
 Phillips, of Stockton, Cal. ; Rev. H. A. Phillips, of Merida, 
 Yucatan; D. V. Phillips, of Oklahoma; P. C. Phillips, U. S. S. 
 Clairton ; Kenneth, May E., Margaret F., and Malcolm, all of 
 Albany, Ore. There are also nine grandchildren. He was 
 born near Chester, 111., May 13, 1841. When eighteen years 
 of age he moved to Kansas, and was the first student of 
 what afterward became the University of Kansas. After a 
 year at Lawrence, Kansas, he went to Salina, and when he 
 was twenty-one years of age enlisted as first lieutenant in the 
 Third Regiment of Indian Volunteers. He received three 
 wounds and was promoted to the rank of captain. At the 
 close of the war he decided to enter the ministry, and entered 
 the University of Michigan. After three years his health 
 failed, and he returned to Kansas for a year, then entered 
 
188 ('LASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Lane Theological Seminary, where he graduated in 1872. lie 
 was sent as a missionary to Mexico City. After a year there 
 he went north to Toluca, and later to Zacatacas. At Quere- 
 tero he was mobbed and very severely wounded. While at 
 Zacatacas he, with Rev. Dr. H. C. Thompson, published a 
 Spanish newspaper, La Antorcha Evangelica, and he com- 
 piled a Spanish-Greek dictionary. After this he spent a short 
 time in Yucatan, then went to Mexico City, where he taught 
 Greek and history in the Presbyterian College for several 
 years. Later he engaged in missionary work in New Mexico. 
 After leaving his Spanish work he farmed for a while in Kan- 
 sas, then again returning to the ministry, he held several 
 charges in Kansas and Oklahoma. Then for eleven years he 
 farmed in Oklahoma, preaching also in schoolhouses when his 
 health permitted. A severe attack of Spanish influenza com- 
 pelled him to remove to the milder climate of Oregon. The 
 funeral services were conducted by Dr. W. P. White, assist 
 ed by Dr. W. H. Lee, Dean of Albany College. 
 
 SAMUEL B. PRICE, A. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born in Branchville, Sussex Co., N. J., April 20, 1847. 
 
 Address: 1727 N. Washington St., Scranton, Penn. 
 
 (Continued sketch from 1903.) 
 
 From that time to the present have been engaged in the 
 practice of law in the City of Scranton. 
 
 My older son, C. B. Price, graduated from Princeton in 
 1906, studied law in my office until 1909, when he was ad- 
 mitted to practice on examination. During the period of his 
 legal studies, he spent one summer at Ann Arbor in the 
 summer school. My younger son, J. H. Price, after gradual- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-UK, SCIKXCK AND ARTS IS!) 
 
 ing from Blair Presbyterian Academy, entered Princeton Uni- 
 versity and was there during freshman and sophmore years 
 a portion of the time. His health was not good in either year. 
 In 1907 he entered the University of Michigan and graduated 
 with the class of 1909, literary department, and in the law 
 class of 1911. He returned to Scran-ton, was examined by 
 the State Board and admitted to the Bar in 1912. Since that 
 time we have been associated in the practice of law. 
 
 Continued with the Scranton Savings Bank until that bank 
 was merged with the Scranton Savings & Dime Bank in 1913. 
 Was president from 1897 until the merger, and became im- 
 mediately a director of the new institution and remained a 
 director until 1915, when I refused a re-election and asked that 
 someone be elected in my stead. Director of Scranton Trust 
 Company from its organization until the present time. 
 
 Manager of the Scranton library from its inception in 1889 
 until January, 1920, and was president of the Board of Man- 
 agers for the last two years. Served six terms of five years 
 each, and last December requested that some other person be 
 appointed in my stead. 
 
 Have been offered nomination for Congress, also for judge. 
 Was nominated by Democratic convention in 1910 for Lieuten- 
 ant Governor. Have declined in each instance to become a 
 candidate, preferring private life and the practice of law. 
 
 HENRY CLAY RIPLEY, C. E., DR. ENG. 
 
 Born on a farm in Town of Broadalban, Montgomery Co., 
 N. Y., July 15, 1845. 
 
 Address: 2236 Cadillac Ave., Detroit, Mich. 
 
 July, 1903, found Ripley executing a contract of $200,000 
 with the U. S. Government, for the construction of a stone 
 
190 CLASS OF '70, TXIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 jetty at Aransas Pass, Texas. This contract was completed 
 in September, 1904. 
 
 The plan of this work was designed by a board of Engineers 
 of which Ripley was a member. It consisted of a jetty of 
 curved form extending across the bar and was designed to 
 produce results with a single jetty, instead of two and thereby 
 saving half the cost of the improvement. This jetty was par- 
 tially completed by a private corporation for whom it was 
 designed, but on account of financial conditions its comple- 
 tion was delayed and finally the work was turned over to the 
 government without compensation, with the tacit understand- 
 ing that the government would complete the improvement. 
 However, the army engineers, to whom this work was en- 
 trusted, were opposed to the plan from the start. It was not 
 designed by an army engineer and that was enough to con- 
 demn it. Congress insisted, however, that the plan should be 
 tried out. Ripley had been before the Rivers & Harbors 
 Committee of the House and the Commerce Committee of the 
 Senate, to explain the theory upon which the plan was based 
 and the members were so favorably impressed, that when the 
 appropriation was made, it was stipulated that the funds 
 should be expended in the completion of the work, as designed 
 for the private corporation, known at that time, as the Aran- 
 sas Pass Harbor Co. 
 
 P>efore this appropriation was made, however, it was so 
 apparent to the Army Engineers that Congress intended to 
 accept a proposal of Ripley and his associates, to execute this 
 work for a fixed sum with a guarantee of a channel depth of 
 20 feet, on the no cure no pay basis, similar to the contract 
 awarded to James P>. Eads, for the improvement of the South 
 Pass of the Mississippi River, that the Chief of Engineers 
 went before the committees above mentioned and promised 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 191 
 
 them that if the work were left in the hands of the Army En- 
 gineers the plan would be carried out in good faith. 
 
 This promise, however, did not prevent the Chief of En- 
 gineers from appointing an officer in charge of the work, whose 
 every effort seemed to be, to prevent completion of the work, 
 by violation of the specifications, which resulted in an un- 
 necessary waste of material and increasing cost to the con- 
 tractor. This violation of the specifications was so flagrant, 
 that as soon as Ripley had completed his contract he insti- 
 tuted suit against the government in the court of claims and 
 after seven years of litigation, in which the case- went to the 
 Supreme Court, Ripley was awarded judgment in the sum of 
 thirteen thousand dollars in round figures. 
 
 During the execution of his contract Ripley lived at Rock- 
 port, Texas, 14 miles from Aransas Pass and after its com- 
 pletion he moved with his family to Galveston. This was in 
 September, 1904, and in November Ripley was engaged by 
 Mr. Percival Farquhar, who represented some New York 
 capitalists, to go to Para, Brazil, to investigate the conditions 
 of the improvement of the port with a view to take over a 
 concession which had been granted to Joao Augusto Cavallero, 
 a Brazilian and who wished to dispose of it to some one with 
 sufficient capital to finance the enterprise and execute the 
 work. 
 
 In accordance with this arrangement Ripley went to Para 
 and spent about three months in making the investigation 
 including tentative plans and estimates of cost of the contem- 
 plated improvement, from data furnished by the Brazilian 
 government. 
 
 Ripley then went to Rio de Janeiro to help in the negotia- 
 tion for the transfer of the concession to Mr. Farquhar. Be- 
 fore results were reached, however, the Cavallero concession 
 
1J)2 ( 1 LASS OF 'TO, I'NIN KKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 expired and the government granted the concession to another 
 Brazilian Demetrio Ribeiro. This complicated the situation 
 so that at the end of ten months' negotiation, no agreement 
 was arrived at. ]n the meantime, Ripley was engaged in the 
 examination of several other Brazilian ports including Seara, 
 Pernambuco, Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul which were being 
 offered to concession. In case of the latter port, Ripley made 
 a thorough investigation of the resources of the state. In 
 company with one of the state officials, he went over all of the 
 railroad lines and up some of the rivers where traffic was most 
 extensive. He also made plans and estimates for the im- 
 provement of the port. 
 
 This concession was granted to the late Mr. Elmer L. Cort- 
 hell together with a contract for the improvement of the 
 channel across the bar at the mouth of the Rio Grande River, 
 which is the sea entrance to the port, on the "no cure no pay" 
 basis. 
 
 This work being finished' and there being no immediate 
 prospect of the concession for Para being granted in the im- 
 mediate future, Ripley returned to the United States reaching 
 New York, December 13th, and Galveston, December 22nd, 
 1905, after an absence of more than 13 months. He had not 
 been at home, however, but a few days, when he was sub- 
 poenaed as a witness in the Green & Gaynor suit at Savan- 
 nah, Ga. Ripley was occupied on this case from January 
 10th, 1006, to April 6th, as expert witness. Mrs. Ripley and 
 his little son Racine, were with him in Savannah during this 
 time. Having returned to Galveston on April Oth with Mrs. 
 Ripley and Racine, Ripley left on the 12th of the same month 
 for Guatemala to make an examination of the Port of Iztapa 
 on the Pacific Coast of that republic. This trip was made 
 from New Orleans bv steamer to Puerto Barrios, T>v rail and 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 193 
 
 horseback and coach to Guatemala City and thence by rail to 
 San Jose and thence in canoe to Iztapa, arriving April 27th. 
 The examination finished, Ripley left for New York by steam- 
 er to Salina Cruz, Mexico, thence by rail via City of Mexico 
 and Galveston to New York, where his report was prepared 
 and preparations made to leave for Para, Brazil, to make a 
 survey of that port, the concession having been granted. In 
 accordance therewith he sailed from New York for Para on 
 May 27th, arriving at the latter place, June llth, 1906. The 
 work here consumed two months' time and on the 12th of 
 August, Ripley left Para for Rio de Janeiro where the field 
 notes were plotted and plans and estimates for the port im- 
 provement were to be made. This trip from Para to Rio took 
 12 days and was very interesting. The steamer stopped en 
 route at the following ports : Maranhao, Parnahiba, Ceara, 
 Natal, Pernambuco, Maceio, Bahia and Victoria. Between 
 these two latter ports many whales made their appearance 
 and one of them came so close to the steamer that he could 
 have been shot with a rifle. The spouting of these immense 
 mammals was indeed an interesting sight. There must have 
 been a plentiful supply of whale food in this locality. 
 
 On December 12th, 1907, Ripley left Rio for Para on the 
 steamer Ceara, arriving at the latter place on December 25th 
 after ,an uneventful voyage of nine days' duration. 
 
 Upon arrival at Para, Ripley found an epidemic of yellow 
 fever raging amongst the contractor's force employed on the 
 work and twelve men had already succumbed to the disease 
 and five more died later. These deaths were among the 
 more recent arrivals from England, mostly mechanics and 
 foremen. These losses greatly crippled the work and for a 
 time hardly anything could be done, because many of the con- 
 
104 ('LASS OF 70, r.NIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 tractor's head men who had been imported from England be- 
 came frightened and would not remain. 
 
 On the 26th of February, 1908, Ripley was stricken with a 
 severe case of intestinal gastritis which made it necessary for 
 him to return to the United States for recuperation. As soon 
 as he was able to travel therefore, he took passage on the 
 steamer Obedience, which sailed for New York, March 22nd 
 and arrived April 1st. Arriving in Chicago on April 4th, 
 Ripley spent a quiet six weeks with his family. 
 
 Then having recovered sufficiently from his late illness to 
 return to Brazil, Ripley left Chicago May 15th, 1908, accom- 
 panied by Mrs. Ripley, Loraine and Racine. They took pas- 
 sage in New York on the steamer Velasquez for Rio de Jan- 
 eiro, which sailed May 20th, arriving in Rio June 9th. On 
 the 17th of October, 1908, Ripley left Rio for Sao Francisco 
 do Sul in the state of Santa Catharina, to make a survey, 
 plans and estimates for the improvement of that port. Mrs. 
 Ripley, Loraine and Racine remained in Rio, the latter attend- 
 ing a missionary school. The work in connection with the 
 Sao Francisco do Sul project consumed about four months* 
 time including two months at Rio Grande do Sul where the 
 plans and estimates were made. This work being finished 
 Ripley returned to Rio, sailing from Rio Grande do Sul Feb- 
 ruary 16, 1909, and reaching Rio de Janeiro four days later. 
 
 On May 3, 1909 Loraine and Racine returned to the United 
 States, sailing on the steamer Byron, which left Rio on that 
 date for New York. Their ultimate destination was Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio, where their brother Birch was located. 
 
 On June 18, 1909, Ripley left Rio for Para accompanied by 
 Mrs. Ripley, where they arrived on July 1st. 
 
 One month spent in Para, Ripley again returned to Rio. 
 ing July 31st, on the steamer Ceara. It was the captain 
 
I)i:i'.\KT.Mi:\T OF LlTKKATrUE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 195 
 
 of this steamer, Jose Maria Pessoa who, as captain of the 
 steamer Alagoas took Don Pedro II to Europe when he was 
 deposed and exiled from Brazil some years ago. It was upon 
 that occasion that the Emperor gave Capt. Pessoa a gold 
 watch and pictures of himself and family. The watch was 
 engraved inside, when translated into English "From Don 
 Pedro and family to Capt. Pessoa" and the pictures were 
 autographed by the Emperor and his family. 
 
 This trip from Para to Rio took fourteen days, although 
 the distance is but 2,500 miles. The numerous ports entered 
 and long delays, therein consumed much of the time enroute. 
 
 From this date until April 18, 1910, Ripley remained in 
 Rio and on that date he and Mrs. Ripley set sail on the steam- 
 er Vasari for New York, for a five months' vacation in the 
 states. They arrived in New York on the 5th of May and in 
 Cincinnati on the 6th, where they were met by Birch, Lor- 
 aine and Racine, who were living there at that time. 
 
 Ripley attended the annual convention of the American So- 
 ciety of Civil Engineers at Chicago, June 20th to 24th, 1910. 
 The balance of his vacation was spent in Ann Arbor and on 
 August 15th, he and Mrs. Ripley started on their return trip 
 to Brazil, leaving New York on the steamer Vasari, on the 
 20th of August and arriving in Rio de Janeiro September 6th, 
 1910. 
 
 For the following two years and nine months, or until June, 
 1913, Ripley remained in Brazil as advisory engineer to Dr. 
 Carlos Sampaio, the representative for the company (with 
 which Ripley was connected) in matters about which the 
 Brazilian government had to be consulted. 
 
 One of the most important works undertaken by the com- 
 pany, was for the deepening of the entrance to Rio Grande 
 do Sul. The concession for this work had been granted to 
 
196 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 the late Mr. Elmer L. Corthell, the distinguished civil engi- 
 neer, who at the time of his death, was serving as President 
 of the American Society of Civil Engineers. By consent of 
 the Brazilian government, Mr. Corthell transferred his rights 
 in the concession to a company controlled by French capital- 
 ists, who financed the enterprise, and who appointed him as 
 Chief Engineer of the work. Mr. Corthell's plan for the 
 work was designed to secure a navigable channel of 10 meters 
 (32 feet) depth. This plan consisted of two straight parallel 
 Jetties extending from the shore to and across the bar which 
 obstructed the entrance. These jetties were estimated to 
 cost some 20 Contos gold (about $10,000,000,000) and the con- 
 cession was based upon this estimate although the company 
 was to be paid only upon depths secured and the final pay- 
 ment was to become due when the 10 meter channel was se- 
 cured ; but was to be paid only after the channel had been 
 maintained for twenty years. 
 
 While the plan contemplated two straight parallel jetties 
 the concession provided that the plan could be modified in 
 any way that seemed desirable, as the work progressed. 
 
 The course of the jetties was approximately south and work 
 was commenced on the west jetty first. Before construction 
 on the east jetty was commenced, Ripley proposed to Mr. 
 Corthell a modification of the plan, which would consist of a 
 single curved jetty to take the place of the east jetty and work 
 on the west jetty to be suspended indefinitely. This pro- 
 posal was promptly rejected by Mr. Corthell without giving 
 the matter any serious consideration. It may be said in 
 justification to Mr. Corthell, that he may have considered him- 
 self morally bound to carry out the two jetty project, in view 
 of his representations to the government, that two jetties 
 were necessary to secure and maintain the channel required. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 197 
 
 Be that as it may, work was continued on the west jetty in 
 accordance with the two jetty plan, but in 1911 Mr. Corthell 
 resigned as Chief Engineer and Mr. Edouard Quellennec was 
 appointed to that position. Mr. Quellennec is the leading 
 civil engineer of France. He was recommended by the 
 French government, to President Roosevelt for a member of 
 the International Panama Canal Commission and was so ap- 
 pointed. It now seemed opportune for Ripley to again pre- 
 sent his plan for a single curved jetty for Rio Grande do Sul 
 bar improvement. He therefore took the matter up with Dr. 
 Sampaio who was so impressed with it that he requested Rip- 
 ley to present the matter to Dr. Francisco Bicalho, the chief 
 engineer for the Brazilian .government. Accordingly ar- 
 rangement was made by Dr. Sampaio for a meeting and Rip- 
 ley explained the plan to Dr. Bicalho. The whole conversa- 
 tion was in the Portugese language, as Dr. Bicalho did not 
 speak English, and it lasted about one hour. After it was 
 finished Dr. Bicalho said that he believed Ripley's scheme 
 would be successful and at a great saving in the cost of the 
 work, but that the government should get the benefit of the 
 saving. 
 
 In June, 1912, Mr. Quellennec arrived from Paris and Rip- 
 ley had an opportunity to present the matter to him. In the 
 meantime since Mr. Corthell's resignation, the location of the 
 two jetties had been changed and the plan modified. The 
 west jetty was moved further west, abandoning the work 
 theretofore done, and the east jetty was rooted some consid- 
 erable distance further east, the line converging- towards the 
 west jetty until the bar was reached when its course \vas 
 changed by a gentle curve to a line parallel to the former. 
 
 The fir=t conference with Mr. Quellennec on the Rio Grande 
 rln Siil bar problem was had on June 7th, and after Ripley 
 
CLASS OF 'TO, rxivKusrrY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 had presented his scheme to him, Air. Quellennec said "that 
 he thought the plan would succeed, but he wanted to think it 
 over." (From Ripley's diary of that date). Again on June 
 14th, Ripley had a conference with Mr. Quellennec on a mat- 
 ter relating to the work at Para and Mr. Quellennec was 
 asked about the Rio Grande do Sul bar problem and he said 
 "the matter was a difficult one and' that he wanted to consult 
 with his engineers there". The only doubt in his mind he 
 said was "whether the channel will have sufficient width." 
 To meet this difficulty Ripley wrote him a letter giving data 
 and reasons why the single curved jetty as proposed, would 
 develop a channel of sufficient width for navigation. On 
 June 17th Ripley met Mr. Quellennec again and he told Rip- 
 ley that he had read his letter and that he considered it a 
 demonstration that the single curved jetty as proposed would 
 develop and maintain a channel of sufficient deptli and width 
 for all the needs of commerce. These details are given, to 
 show how slow a new idea is in penetrating the mind of even 
 a great engineer. 
 
 On September 24th, Mr. Quellennec sailed for Paris and at 
 that time he told Ripley that he intended to carry out the 
 curved jetty plan recommended by him and as soon as he 
 reached Paris he would take up the whole matter with the 
 directors of the company. 
 
 This plan it was estimated would effect a saving of over 
 six million dollars. Ripley naturally felt that he had achieved 
 a wonderful victory. Imagine then his disappointment when 
 on March 3, 1913, Ripley was advised that his plan had not 
 been adopted, because there was no one willing to take the 
 responsibility of its adoption. 
 
 Ripley learned afterwards that the real reason was, that 
 the officers of the company did not have the courage to ac- 
 
DKPAKTMKXT OF LITERATURE. SCIKNVE AND ARTS 1J)J 
 
 knowledge to the bankers furnishing the money, that there 
 had been a mistake made in adopting the original plan of two 
 jetties and which they had advised the bankers, was the only 
 plan that would give assured results and which had been ap- 
 proved by the ablest engineers in the world. Ripley pre- 
 dicts that a future generation of engineers will be using the 
 single curved jetty for the improvement of ocean oars where- 
 ever it is applicable and wonder why it was not universally 
 adopted a generation earlier. 
 
 In June, 1913, the University of Michigan conTerred upon 
 Ripley the degree of Dr. of Engineering and in March, 1916, 
 he was made a member of Tau Beta Pi. 
 
 Having finished his work in Brazil, Ripley returned to the 
 United States in May, 1913, and located in Detroit, where he 
 now resides at 2236 Cadillac Ave., with his daughter Loraine 
 and son Racine. His dear wife departed this life on July 13, 
 1919, at the age of 67. His son Herbert is with the Chicago 
 Sanitary District as Asst. Engineer. Birch is, Asst. Credit 
 Manager of the American Laundry Machinery Company of 
 Cincinnati, Ohio and Racine is salesman for Manning Maxwell 
 & Moore Inc. of New York. 
 
 DR. WILLIAM HENRY SCHOCK, B. S., M. D. 
 Born near Easton, Northampton Co., Pa., January 21, 1846. 
 
 Address: Richfield, Sevier Co., Utah. 
 
 From 1903 I continued at the ranch at Plateau, Utah, until 
 1908, when having disposed of it, I made my headquarters 
 at Richfield, Sevier Co., but during the summer I have spent 
 a considerable part of the time in the mountains. I have kept 
 out of active practice in town, but have been reasonably busy 
 
200 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 with office and mail prescribing for those who have got used 
 to my ways in the last 37 years. 
 
 Events jogged along evenly until a trip to California and 
 Oregon in 1910, and a further even jogging until the reunion 
 of '70 last June. This being my first visit since 1870, the 
 change in the University was certainly noticeable, but on the 
 surface the things that most appealed to me as practical gains 
 were the Michigan Union and the gymnasium. 
 
 A happening somewhat over two years since brought in its 
 train some ideas of much interest to me, though I have not 
 come to any definite decision as to their general practical 
 value. Their value to me is marked and undoubted. 
 
 Over two years ago, I corralled a small bunch of horses at 
 Coyoto, 70 miles south, tying my riding animal, Maj., inside. 
 One of the bunch getting in Maj.'s vicinity, he backed up sud- 
 denly and kicked. The horse got out of the way, but I was 
 in it, petting a pacer with my back towards what was doing. 
 Maj.'s hoofs landed on my hip pockets as nicely as I could 
 have placed them, and I was just near enough so that he lifted 
 me off my feet, sent me headlong and I seemed to land my 
 whole weight on my left cheek bone. When healed, the 
 muscles were tied down by scar tissue, and the irritation of 
 the injury was without doubt the cause of an attack of acute 
 diabetes in Feb. 1919. 
 
 For lack of digestive tone, a marked symptom, 1 began 
 systematic exercise, which had as effect the massaging of the 
 digestive organs and strengthening the abdominal walls. In 
 ten days there was a decided digestitve gain, and I could sense 
 plainly the tensed condition of the abdominal muscles. My 
 attention was some way called to my breathing, and I found 
 the first inspiration fairly full as to chest expansion, and more 
 full as to contraction of diaphragm, owing, perhaps, to op- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIKNCE AND ARTS 201 
 
 position to expansion of the tensed abdominal walls. On the 
 relaxing of the diaphragm I could sense distinctly that the 
 abdominal muscles contracted, thus taking part in expiration. 
 
 This alternate reaction of diaphragm and abdominal mus- 
 cles was in action the first respiration I noticed, and the same 
 full, measured, reactive, entirely involuntary breathing has 
 continued without cessation until the present time. I have 
 watched hundreds of times and have not once caught myself 
 taking the shallow respirations that were the rule, sitting 
 quietly, before. I had, too, been practicing deep breathing 
 for months, when I could think of it, but with no indication 
 of the formation of a deep breathing habit. 
 
 I continued the systematic exercise, and with diet and the 
 indicated remedies, I improved from the start, though none 
 of the physicians I consulted at the begining gave me any 
 encouragement. 
 
 The result: Better digestive tone than for all the years 
 since the army diet (we had company cooks detailed from 
 the ranks) and the result of an attack of malarial typhoid left 
 me with chronically impaired digestion, in 1864. A further 
 gain ; the tensed muscles and rhythmical contraction has done 
 away with the tendency to abdominal congestion, has brought 
 about equalized circulation, with greatly lessened liability to 
 take cold. 
 
 I count myself feeling ten to twenty years younger than be- 
 fore the attack, and I bear no gruge to Maj. for the kicking; 
 I evidently needed the jolt. I was able to make a two months' 
 600-mile buckboard trip to the Colorado River, starting late 
 in last November, camping out when necessary, and traveling 
 or working every day. At one part of the trip we had to 
 pack out twelve to fifteen miles, leading our pack animals, 
 (Maj. was one of them) a good part of the way, over mesas 
 
'2()'2 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 and crossing half a dozen box canons at just the right point. 
 
 The idea of a continued, involuntary, reactive, deep breath- 
 ing has become almost an obsession. Taking into account 
 the mechanism of respiration ; the countless thousands of air 
 cells, each with an open avenue to the air piled miles high, 
 the blood current coming, to be purified, approximately 
 equally to the network of capillaries surrounding each cell ; 
 nature surely intended that we should breathe deeply. 
 
 Everyone has noticed the respiration of domestic animals 
 after exertion; the marked contraction of the flank muscles 
 each breathe; their respiration is reactive, why not ours? The 
 almost universal shallow respiration is certainly abnormal, 
 the habit is one of the penalties we pay for our perfected civ- 
 ilization. 
 
 Unused, weakened lung tissue, too, is one of the factors that 
 place pneumonia and tuberculosis at the head of the mortality 
 list. 
 
 How to break the habit ! Those who have attempted to do 
 so by occasional voluntary deep breathing have found it a 
 very unsatisfactory process as to the establishment of an in- 
 voluntary deep breathing habit. 
 
 Is there a shorter way? McComb, of the Emanuel Move- 
 ment, in "The Power of Self-Suggestion, " 'states that habits 
 have been broken by suggestion to the subconscious when it 
 is taking' full control of the life processes, when the patient 
 has fallen half asleep. 
 
 At the onset of my attack and for sometime I was much 
 interested. The trouble and my methods of relief were on my 
 mind the last thing at night and the first on awakening. Does 
 self-suggestion solve the question ? I do not remember as to 
 a definitely willed self-suggestion, nor do I know when the 
 reactive breathing habit was established. Tt was there when 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 203 
 
 my attention first happened to be called to it, and it has been 
 continuous since. If the habit can be generally developed, it 
 will be well worth while. Can it be done? Who knows? 
 
 Yours, 
 
 W. H. SCHOCK. 
 
 The boys were delighted to see Mr. Schock at Ann Arbor 
 last June. He called on our Classmate Mickle in Kansas City, 
 Mo., on his return home and had a pleasant visit with him. 
 
 WALTER BARLOW STEVENS, A. M., LL. D. 
 Born at Meriden, Conn., July 25, 1848. 
 
 Address: Three Mile Farm, Burdick, Kan. 
 
 Mr. Stevens modestly speaks of his distinguished career as 
 follows : 
 
 The vista of fifty years backward impresses me with the 
 influence of my classmates upon 'me. Realization of this has 
 grown strong in the recent years. When I entered the uni- 
 versity the idea of a newspaper career hadn't entered my 
 mind. Nor had the thought of making books on historical and 
 biographical lines. In fact, plans beyond the four years at 
 Ann Arbor were chaotic. I went to college because my father 
 had done so before me and because my mother believed 
 strongly in higher education and because I wanted to keep 
 on when the end of the high school course came. 
 
 In Sophomore year the class of '70 published the Oracle. 
 The editors gave place to something I had written. A hith- 
 erto undiscovered germ became active. I had entered the uni- 
 versity staggering under "conditions" because of utter unpre- 
 paredness. Late in the four years my classmates put me on 
 
204 CLASS OF '70, I'XIVKKSITY or MICHIGAN 
 
 the editorial staff of the university periodical. This brought 
 me for a school year in close association with Lovell, Flem- 
 ing and Moses, to whom I owe much for what came after- 
 wards. The smell of the ink and the rattle of the presses 
 those afternoons in Real's printing house were incense and 
 music to me. And then, to add to the impetus toward what 
 was to be my future, came the election in senior year as class 
 historian. So you see what I owe to my classmates. These 
 distinctions at college, as it seems to me now, were entirely 
 unsought by me. I was never a politician. I was not a can- 
 didate for class honors, in any active sense, but I took the 
 action of the class gratefully. 
 
 There were other circumstances which make this action of 
 the class and its influence upon my future stand out the more 
 significantly. A few weeks before graduation Professor 
 Moses Coit Tyler invited me to call at his house. The pro- 
 fessor came to us, you remember, in Sophomore year. He 
 inaugurated the custom of v Q ophomore exhibitions, three of 
 which were planned with a dozen or so of our class as speak- 
 ers. At that time I was still working off those pestiferous 
 conditions and did not make such impression on the professor 
 as to be considered eligible for selection as one of the fifty or 
 sixty speakers. But the class had elected me treasurer and it 
 devolved upon me to collect from my classmates the dollar 
 per to meet the expenses of each exhibition. I did it, but the 
 job ought to have cost me all class popularity for the rest of 
 the course. The money came easily for the first exhibition, 
 which was a novelty ; not so freely for the second. And when 
 it came time to collect the tax for the third and last exhibi- 
 tion, I had to stand at the door and bone the delinquent. 
 Campau, I think he was, made an appealing talk to help me 
 out. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 205 
 
 "Fellows," he said, "here's Stevens, who hasn't been on the 
 list of speakers for any one of these exhibitions, doing his best 
 to raise the money for the cost of them. We oughtn't to 
 make it hard for him," or words to that effect. 
 
 \Yell, I was more fortunate when it came to the selections 
 by the faculty of speakers for Junior exhibition and Com- 
 mencement. But those experiences on the rostrum of the 
 Methodist church didn't inspire me with a drift toward any 
 one of the talking professions. I hadn't the least liking for 
 law or medicine or teaching. Any inclination I perhaps 
 ought to have had for my father's profession, the ministry, 
 was absent. There was no call that I could discover. Jour- 
 nalism, thanks to what my classmates had done in making me 
 one of the editorial staff of the university periodical, was 
 beckoning, and I was looking for the line of least resistance 
 to break in when Professor Tyler took the interest in my 
 future to invite me to his house. Half an hour, perhaps it 
 was longer, he talked to me about my plans and hopes. His 
 advice was as strong as he could make it against my choice. 
 He had tried journalism and had come back to teaching. He 
 emphasized the unsatisfactory conditions of newspaper life 
 then prevailing. He predicted disappointment for me even if 
 there was some measure of success. And between the sen- 
 tences I seemed to get the impression that the professor did 
 not believe I would succeed. Undoubtedly Professor Tyler 
 was sincere ; his interest in my welfare was genuine and 
 prompted by real kindness. He began by saying he under- 
 stood I was thinking of a newspaper career and that he felt 
 he would like to talk with me about it. Then followed the 
 earnest conversation, which perhaps ought to have checked 
 the shove toward journalism which the class had given me, 
 but it didn't. 
 
20(> ("LASS OF 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 A few months ago the head of an educational institution 
 wrote to me asking for my experience on what had been of 
 most influence in determining my career. Had it been teach- 
 ers, or books, or schoolmates? Looking backward, the 
 thoughts given expression above came to me. And with a 
 feeling of gratitude to my class, which is stronger than ever 
 now, I have set them down. 
 
 Two weeks after graduation I was getting my tryout on a 
 St. Louis newspaper. Connection in various capacities with 
 the press was continuous for thirty years and more. It in- 
 cluded seventeen years as a Washington correspondent, a 
 term as president of The Gridiron Club, travel in many parts 
 of Xorth and Central America and a short experience as a 
 war corespondent. Then came unsought election to the sec- 
 retaryship of the World's Fair at St. Louis, which position I 
 was holding when our previous class history closed in 1903. 
 
 To the duties of secretaryship were added those of director 
 of exploitation, chief of press and publicity and superior 
 juror, making me a kind of exposition Pooh Bah before the 
 end. 
 
 Two series of travel letters written for the Globe-Demo- 
 crat by me had been reprinted in book form before 1901. The 
 World's Fair connection led to magazine writing 'and more 
 book work. Instead of getting back to the daily newspaper 
 as a regular vocation when the World's Fair ended, I was, 
 without my seeking, kept busy with special articles, book- 
 making and a variety of secretaryships. The last included 
 s cretaryship of the National Prosperity Association, organ- 
 ized to pull the country out of the financial depression of 
 1907. Another executive secretaryship was that of the 
 Fourth American Peace Congress, which seemed, in 1912, a 
 lonf step toward world pace and which elicited from Kaiser 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 207 
 
 William a most favorable expression of his alleged purposes. 
 A delegation went from the congress to Berlin and received 
 from the Kaiser his avowal of determination to avoid war. 
 
 Secretaryship of the City Plan Commission of St. Louis in- 
 cluded several years in the work of material betterment of my 
 adopted city. This position was given up in 1916. The Kan- 
 sas farm, mentioned in a former class history, lured and be- 
 came my summer home. 
 
 The books, title pages of which bear my name, are chiefly 
 of local character. They include a "History of St. Louis," of 
 which two editions were issued ; a "History of Missouri" in 
 two volumes ; a "Life of Grant in St. Louis" ; "Recollections 
 of Lincoln," gathered in years of newspaper work ; "The 
 Brown-Reynolds Duel" ; "A Trip to Panama," several biog- 
 raphies, and so on ; altogether between twenty and thirty 
 books. The semi-centennial of the Class of '70 finds me read- 
 ing proof and putting the finishing touches to a so-called 
 "Centennial History of Missouri" in two volumes of 1,000 
 pages each. This making of books has come to me without 
 seeking on my part. I seem to have drifted into it through 
 the initiative of those who have known me long, and who, 
 like my classmates, discovered something which I did not 
 know was in me until I was tried out. 
 
 Foreign governments have their own ways of demonstrat- 
 ing appreciation for service, ways which previous to the 
 world war were not highly regarded by American democracy. 
 Belgium bestowed upon me, with royal diploma and decora- 
 tion, the Order of Chevalier of Leopold ; Italy conferred the 
 Order of Knight of the Crown ; China, one of the higher 
 classes of the Dougle Dragon ; Japan, the Order of the Rising 
 Sun ; Germany, the Red Eagle ; France, Officier de 1'Instruc- 
 tion Publique ; the Philippine government, the Medal of 
 
208 CLASS OF '70, TNIVKKSITV OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Honor. These decorations came one after the other from 
 1904 to 1910, prompted by the World's Fair relationships. 
 
 In 1908, Washington University conferred the degree of 
 LL. D., which was the more highly appreciated for the words 
 of Chancellor Frederic A. Hall regarding my newspaper ca- 
 reer. 
 
 This semi-centennial year of the class finds me serving my 
 fourth year as president of the State Historical Society of 
 Missouri, at the same time holding the position of secretary 
 of the Louisiana Purchase Historical Association, the out- 
 growth of the World's Fair of 1904. More calls for writing 
 come than can be met. Classmates may see to what that col- 
 lege journalism and that class history have led. My only 
 children are books. I am of Connecticut birth ; my wife, born 
 Sarah Rebecca Thompson, is of an old South Carolina family, 
 daughter of a Confederate soldier. The family relations are 
 such as to discourage undue partisanship in politics. Inherent 
 love for the soil makes the months on the farm of continuous 
 fascination. The writing jobs and winter travel in the South 
 lend variety. And so the "borrowed time" passes. 
 
 Mr. Stevens, under all circumstances, has ever been loyal 
 to the Class of 'TO, sacrificing himself for its best interests 
 and promoting its good reputation. It will be remembered 
 that the class arranged for a meeting place and headquarters 
 in the Michigan Building on the fair grounds at St. Louis 
 during the World's Fair, and those who were there on June 
 28, 1904, were agreeably surprised to receive the following 
 invitation : 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 209 
 
 Universal Exposition 
 St. Louis U. S. A. 1904 
 Administration Building 
 
 June 28, 1904 
 To the Class of '70: 
 
 Members of the Class of 'TO, University of Michigan, with 
 their wives, sons and daughters, are invited to meet on the 
 2nd floor of the West Pavilion at 5:30 P. M., June 28th, for 
 a class reunion. Dinner will be served at 6 :00 P. M. The 
 West Pavilion is within three minutes' walk of the Michigan 
 Building. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 WALTER B. STEVENS. 
 
 Twenty-three persons responded, and it is needless to say 
 that we received a most cordial greeting and were sumptu- 
 ously treated. Those present were : Bradley, Darrow, Moore, 
 Bowman, Baldwin, Allyn, Fearon, Wells, Le Fevre, Price 
 Stevens, Carter and members of their families. 
 
 William Marion Reedy, in The Mirror, speaking of Mr. 
 Stevens as a newspaper man, said in 1908 : 
 
 "One of the world's greatest newspaper men was and is 
 Walter B. Stevens. He ranks with the great reporters of the 
 past, McGahan, 'Bull Run' Russell, Amos Cummings, Julian 
 Ralph, Frank R. O'Neil. Of them all none had the flair for 
 news better developed, none had more of the genius for inspir- 
 ing confidence in men with news to give. 'Steve' never be- 
 trayed a confidence and never faked a line for a newspaper. 
 He was and is a fiend for facts and he arranges them without 
 ornamentation in the most effective fashion. As a reporter 
 on the old St. Louis Times, in the days when authorities sup- 
 pressed news, he was the despair of the police. He always 
 
210 CLASS OF '70, TXIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 got his paper the news that the police most especially desired 
 it should not get. As Washington correspondent of the 
 Globe-Democrat for many years he was at the head of the 
 profession. He never indulged in windy speculation as to 
 events. He wrote the actual news and indicated the course 
 of affairs with accuracy because his information always came 
 from the men who were making the news. Never had he to 
 back water. His work was absolutely passionless and un- 
 prejudiced and yet his very simplicity gave to what he wrote 
 a satisfying sense that the reader had the truth. He had a 
 style that was lucid, but not dry. He handled facts with an 
 exquisite sense of their proper relation to one another and 
 this gave the work of his pen a force and a charm, too, that no 
 reader could deny. He never wrote a line too much about 
 anything. When he had done with a story there was nothing 
 more to tell and nothing materially pertinent had been left 
 out. He described men and things with the clearness of a 
 photographic plate, and curiously the reader saw those men 
 and things with a clear perception that in the very arrange- 
 ment of what separately might be dry and bald details there 
 was an implied and strongly suggested analysis worth more 
 than all the pretentious 'studies' of later star journalists. He 
 rarely used a figure of speech. He never put himself in evi- 
 dence in an article, yet his aloofness gave the article the more 
 weight. It was said of 'Steve' that he could ride through a 
 county on a fast train and write seven columns of interesting 
 stuff about it. He could make anything interesting, a trade 
 report, a real estate bulletin, a bunch of statistics. He wrote 
 up the Ozark region in Missouri in a way that added millions 
 to its values, and this without a line of 'fine writing,' with 
 nothing but facts keenly observed and co-related with mar- 
 velous skill. I've seen him at the head of a dozen men 'doing' 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 211 
 
 a national convention, before the proceedings became routine, 
 come in at night with more of the news of what had been 
 done, was doing and would be done than all the other report- 
 ers put together. He could see more of the right men on a 
 given subject in less time than a whole staff of writers now 
 working with phones on their desks. His sources of informa- 
 tion were mysterious. No one ever saw him with anybody. 
 No one could follow him. How his facts came to him was a 
 puzzle. Yet he never moved furtively. No one ever saw him 
 rattled or piqued or in a hurry. No one ever heard his voice 
 raised above a thin, clear monotone. He operated without 
 haste and without rest, almost always with a smile. He seems 
 made to mingle inconspicuously in crowds, with his almost 
 colorless grayness of tout ensemble. He is never in the lime- 
 light. So when he. was Secretary of the World's Fair, he did 
 not change a particle. He was always working noiselessly, 
 unceasingly, agreeable to everybody, never rushed for time, 
 never annoyed, suffering fools gladly, with a quiet gray smile. 
 He seemed to know, to see, to do, everything. He was a giant 
 man-of-all-work, ever ready for more ; seemingly not only a 
 perfect machine for order and system, but at the same time 
 carrying everything in his head and ready in response to 
 myriad questions. He was never tired. The World's Fair 
 publicity was in his hands. It was handled in a new way. 
 There were no circus poster methods, no fulgurous proclama- 
 tions, no exaggerations. The literature that went out was 
 fact-y, simple, clear, unbumptious. Those who believed in 
 brummagem broadsides and highfalutin' flubdub thought the 
 Fair wasn't advertised. They were mistaken. It was adver- 
 tised differently from others, and it won its visitors on the 
 substance and solidity of the Stevens method. He wasn't 
 playing for 'Pikers,' but for people who wanted to get some- 
 
212 CLASS OF 'TO, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 thing more than pleasure out of the exposition. This retiring 
 man was a pervasive force in the Fair, hardly second to Presi- 
 dent Francis or Treasurer Thompson. He had nothing to 
 say except things pertinent. He was ready to do anything 
 that didn't fall within the scope of some other man's duties. 
 When -anyone shirked, 'Steve' was there to take hold. And 
 doing it all as easily and smoothly and modestly as if it were 
 nothing, and never making an enemy. There he was a great 
 force, and yet with something curiously impersonal in his 
 force. He exerted his force with such a perfect adjustment 
 and distribution to his varying purpose that everybody yielded 
 to it with something like our unconsciousness of the forces 
 of gravitation and atmospheric pressure. The silent man was 
 back of the reason of all the din and display of the world's 
 rendezvous in 1904. And now he bends his powers in boost- 
 ing the town in articles reminiscent or indicative of lines of 
 future progress, celebrating commercial opportunity and rev- 
 eling in such data of advancement as are poetry to the 'Big 
 Cinch.' There never was a better example of 'power through 
 repose.' 
 
 Walter Stevens is a gentle man. He is a moderate man. 
 He has no high lights, no dark shadows. His manner is that 
 of the ascetic, but with the true ascetic's cheerfulness. He 
 is most human in the most distinguishing mark of man 
 laughter. One might deny him imagination, but wrongly. 
 He has the higher imagination, like an astronomer. He can 
 gather and put together facts in a way to arouse your imag- 
 ination, and set it working for him. He can assemble dry 
 things and give them juice, make dry bones live. He has the 
 ardor of the scientist in searching out facts. He lives in an 
 atmosphere, self-created, of grey and seemingly monotonous 
 quiescence, but out of it he works in ways that surcharge the 
 
DEPAKTMKXT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 213 
 
 dynamic forces of others. His ways are those .of truth and 
 equanimity, and tcmperateness, without high colors, shrill 
 tones or any markedness save this lack of mark. His passions 
 and affections are subdued to his work. He moves about in 
 a world well realized, but in a way not to attract observation. 
 He is patient and persistent, lacking fume and fretfulness. He 
 works without talk, and he works at anything that helps. He 
 is still, but not cold. He wins people in such a way that they 
 really don't know, because he doesn't seem to care, how much 
 they like him, how wholly they trust in his Tightness, how 
 fine are the qualities that exist under his reserve. He is 'all 
 there' in all substantialities of character, but without a strain 
 of egotism and without a single yearning for 'fame." He lives 
 for the work there is to do. He has no causes to 'enthuse' 
 for. He is aloof from faction. He is friendlier with all than 
 with a few. St. Louis has no one like him, no one so widely 
 yet so little known, no one who has done so much for the city 
 with so little approval. This grey man in his neutral grey 
 atmosphere is ? potently, a factor in all the splendor of material 
 prestige that the city has." 
 
 Chancellor Frederic A. Hall, dean of the faculty of Wash- 
 ton University, in conferring the degree of Doctor of Laws 
 on Mr. Stevens, said: 
 
 "This gentleman has had an appreciable influence in mold- 
 ing the public press through a long life devoted to the collec- 
 tion and dissemination of current news and to the diffusion 
 of wisely considered literary articles. He is one of those 
 whose saneness of judgment and clear perception of the val- 
 uable has had a good influence in raising the moral tone of 
 the daily press. He is one of that gallant company which has 
 brought journalism to a high state of perfection. The chaste- 
 ness of his language, his high ideals, and his felicity and facil- 
 
214 ('LASS OF 'TO, TNIYKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 ity in expression have called to him the approving attention 
 of men over a wide territory." 
 
 LEONARD EMIAH STOCKING, Ph. B., M. D. 
 Barn at Collinsville, N. Y., December 2, 1846. 
 
 Address : Agnews, California. 
 
 State Hospital, Agnew, Cal., June 6, 1905. 
 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 I am in receipt of your circular letter, and, more recently, 
 of your postal card in regard to the re-union of old 'TO. It 
 grieves me more than I can tell that I shall not be able on that 
 occasion to once more meet face to face the "boys" still re- 
 maining of '70, and, with hearty greeting and glad handshake, 
 again live over the old days so dear to us all. 
 
 One of the greenest spots and dearest memories in my life 
 since we left our Alma Mater is the re-union of '90, the only 
 one I have ever been able to attend. I envy our "boys" who 
 have been able to meet oftener and who live nearer and can 
 now meet again. I am compelled to be here on June 15th, and 
 again on the 26th, which will render it impossible for me to 
 go east this month. 
 
 Though I shall be a long ways from you in miles, I shall 
 be very near to you on that occasion in thought and spirit. 
 I wish to say again, as I have said before, I remember as my 
 dearest friends, the boys of '70 and never have any ties out- 
 side of my family been so dear to me as those of '70. 
 
 Please extend, dear Carter, to the "boys" present, my cor- 
 dial greeting and my deepest regret that I am not able to 
 be with them, join in accepting Beman's and Brown's hospi- 
 tality, and participate in all that a re-union of '70 means. Ask 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIKXCE AND ARTS 215 
 
 the "boys," as they sing' the old songs, recount the old exper- 
 iences, tell how the world has used them, and give expression 
 to still further hopes and aspirations, not to forget "Stock." 
 
 I suppose each one will be called upon to give an account 
 of himself, and, perhaps, it will be proper for me to say in 
 regard to my own self that since I last met with the "boys" in 
 '90, while the days have been strenuous, the world has used 
 me well. I still have a happy family of my wife and daugh- 
 ter, and my own health has continued good and I am well, 
 strong and vigorous. Since '90, I have lived in California, the 
 land of sunshine and flowers and of all that makes life worth 
 living, where all of you ought to spend the remainder of your 
 lives and your declining years. I have been connected with 
 this, the Agnews State Hospital, the past twelve years and 
 am its chief medical and executive officer. I enjoy my pro- 
 fessional work and hospital service. 
 
 In closing, I wish to extend a most hearty invitation to 
 every '70 boy to become the guest of myself and family when- 
 ever possible. The latch string has never ceased to be out 
 for 'TO and never will as long as I live. A visit from any mem- 
 ber of '70 does me a favor and gives me pleasure. 
 
 God bless you boys, may you have a royal good time at 
 this re-union, continue to live prosperous and happy and re- 
 turn to Alma Mater for many another meeting. I shall live 
 in hopes that I may be actually with you next time, as I am 
 now in spirit. 
 
 Fraternally and sincerely yours, 
 
 STOCKING. 
 
216 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Agnew, Cal., June 9, 1906. 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 Because I have not answered your very kind letter of May 
 6th earlier, does not mean that I did not appreciate your 
 thoughtful inquiry after myself and family. You may have 
 concluded that the report in the papers announcing the killing 
 of myself and family in the earthquake disaster of April 18th 
 was correct, inasmuch as I have been so long responding to 
 your inquiry. 
 
 At the time of the disaster we were in the second story of 
 a large four-story brick building, which was completely 
 wrecked and crashed down all about us, my daughter's room 
 going down under a great tower a moment after she had left 
 it. We fortunately escaped, however, with very little per- 
 sonal injury, while two physicians and 110 other people were 
 killed. You can easily understand why I have not written 
 you sooner when T tell you that all the buildings of this Hos- 
 pital, which sheltered 1,200 people, were completely wrecked 
 in less than half a minute. The responsibility of directing 
 everything pertaining to their care has rested upon me. I 
 have had temporary buildings planned and constructed and 
 have also looked after the matter of obtaining an appropria- 
 tion from the Legislature for permanent rebuilding. That I 
 have been busy you will understand, and that I have delayed 
 in answering your letter, you will excuse. 
 
 It seems that our buildings were among the worst wrecked 
 by the earthquake ; San Francisco (forty miles away) was 
 devasted, as you know, by fire. It is said that 500 blocks 
 were burned, the largest fire ever known. The devastation it 
 presents cannot be understood without an acquaintance with 
 the city before and seeing it now. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 217 
 
 I seldom see any of the boys, except Baldwin, who lives 
 only twelve miles from me, and whom I meet occasionally. 
 Have not seen or heard from him since the quake, but since 
 he lived in a region where it did but little damage, I suppose 
 that he escaped. It was a pretty lively shake, but I prefer 
 California, where there are earthquakes, to your country with 
 cyclones and blizzards. 
 
 Am sorry I could not attend the re-union last summer. I 
 know those of you who were there had a most enjoyable time. 
 I wish to meet more of the boys of '70 and have hoped that 
 more of them might find their way to this coast and call on 
 me. Give my regards to any of the boys you happen to meet 
 and tell them I should be glad to extend to them a hearty 
 "shake." Come and see me. 
 
 Yours most sincerely, 
 
 LEONARD STOCKING. 
 
 Agnew, Cal., Nov. 26, 1919. 
 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 I am in receipt of a copy of your letter to the boys in regard 
 to a re-union next summer. 
 
 It would please me beyond expression to be there and meet 
 such of the boys as are still with us. I am a long ways away, 
 and at this time cannot promise more than that I shall make 
 an effort. I shall keep it in mind in my planning from now on. 
 
 I do not know how many of our boys are left, but it cer- 
 tainly ought to be a great pleasure to those of us that are here 
 to meet again on the old stamping grounds. While the Uni- 
 versity has changed and we have grown older, I doubt if we 
 have any of us changed very much, and I think we would find 
 each other the same bovs. Gilbert, Blanchard and Wells, of 
 
218 CLASS OF ? 70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 this coast, have passed. I do not know of any remaining on 
 this coast, except there may be Baldwin and Maltman. How 
 many are there of us now? I am so far away that I seldom 
 see one of them. 
 
 With kind personal regards to yourself and family, I am 
 Cordially and fraternally yours, 
 
 LEONARD STOCKING. 
 
 LUCIUS BURRIE SWIFT, Ph. M., LL. D. 
 
 Born in Yates, Orleans Co., July 31, 1844. 
 
 Address: 716 E. 14th St., Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 His ordinary occupations since 1903 are quickly disposed of. 
 He has steadily continued the practice of law, being classed 
 as a good lawyer with a large and profitable practice. He 
 suffered heavy losses in traction investments, but still has a 
 competence for simple living. 
 
 Turning to other activities, he closed the publication of the 
 Civil Service Chronicle in 1896, after the defeat of Bryan, 
 because his private affairs required more attention. He also 
 felt that the competitive system was so thoroughly estab- 
 lished that it could not be overthrown, and that has turned 
 out true. He is vice-president of the National Civil Service 
 organization and a thorough believer that the sysirm will yet 
 conquer all state, city and county government. 
 
 His intimate association with Roosevelt, which began in 
 1888, continued to the end and is a glorified memory. When 
 Roosevelt was President it was Swift's fortune to sit at times 
 with him alone on the side porch or in the libiary at Oyster 
 Bay or in the White House, and there hear Roosevelt upon 
 the more intimate national matters ; such, for instance, as 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LiTEKATritE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 219 
 
 whether to send the fleet around the Horn. In 1908 Swift 
 worked for the nomination and election of Taft, who then 
 went over to the Standpatters, and Swift was chairman of 
 the Indiana delegation at the Bull Moose convention, which 
 nominated Roosevelt in 1912. He last met Roosevelt in 1918 
 at the commencement of Indiana University and saw a broken 
 man. After the end came, Mrs. Roosevelt, writing from 
 France, where she had gone alone to Quentin's grave, closed 
 by saying: "He loved you always." 
 
 To Swift the world war in 1914 was the beginning of an 
 attempt of the German kaiser to gain the domination of the 
 world; it was a blow at liberty everywhere, and it was as 
 much the fight of America as it was of any other free country. 
 Swift urged this view from the first day of the war. In 1915 
 he wrote, "Germans in America," setting out the nature of 
 the kaiser's government and his object in the war. This was 
 written for the benefit of the 'ninety per cent of Germans in 
 America, who at first seemed to want the kaiser to win. The 
 circulation reached forty thousand copies. 
 
 Having become convinced that Americans did not appre- 
 ciate or give weight to the real foundations of their liberty, 
 such as. trial by jury, habeas corpus and representative gov- 
 ernment, as distinguished from kaiserism, he attacked the 
 lack of teaching of the stories of those foundations in the 
 schools in a paper before the American Historical Society in 
 1916. He presented the same subject later before many 
 bodies, and finally in the commencement address he delivered 
 at Indiana University in 1917. Then the matter was embodied 
 in a booklet, "America's Debt to England." He is now en- 
 gaged in writing out the stories of the foundations more at 
 length in the hope of making a book which young America 
 will read. The idea is to compel, not only Americans, but 
 
220 CLASS OF '70, UXIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 imigrants, to realize the tremendous chasm between govern- 
 ment under Anglo-Saxon liberty and every other kind of gov- 
 ernment in the world. 
 
 When America finally entered the war, the governor of 
 Indiana nominated Swift a member of the district draft board, 
 which sat at Indianapolis, and he became its chairman. As a 
 Civil War veteran, it gave him immense satisfaction to be 
 able to take such an active part, and in the evening, as well 
 as in the morning of life, to serve in a mighty struggle for 
 liberty. Twice it has been given to him to see his country 
 put forth her mightiest efforts, and twice he has seen her 
 army march home with victory perched upon the banner. 
 
 This has been Swift's whole life since 1913, when we speak 
 of living. He is now President of the Board of Sanitary Com- 
 missioners of Indianapolis, which is building a sewage dis- 
 posal plant for the city. He has not sought after honors, but 
 when his Alma Mater in 1919 conferred upon him the degree 
 of Doctor of Laws, he received and treasures it with the 
 deepest gratitude. 
 
 RUFUS HILDRETH THAYER, A. M., LL. D. 
 Born at Northville, Wayne Co., Mich., June 29, 1849 Died 
 
 July 12, 1917. 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Washington, D. C., February 26th, 1875. 
 Old Pals: 
 
 Carter, having robbed the files of the Dead Letter Office 
 and sent on the spoils to Fleming, with urgent request that 
 all the boys in W., without reference to age or sex, should 
 add something thereto, I present herewith what little respect 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 221 
 
 I have left for the old clas.s. I howl for the ''constitution as 
 it was." Seventy, as she used to be before any of her mem- 
 bers laid himself liable to the pains of paternity or divorce, 
 comparing notes with Fleming, Adams, Howe, Meyendorff 
 and Baker (who are now in \V.), I am shocked by the alarm- 
 ing exhibit of over half of the old boys caught in that noose, 
 the torments of which are so heartrending that the tender- 
 hearted Bumpus spares us the narration of his experience. 
 To those who are left untied my heart warms. Fleming is 
 yet strong in the faith, though I fear a 13 months' jaunt in 
 Europe has somewhat disfigured that fancy moral character 
 of which you know he used to be SD proud. He manifests 
 occasionally a little weakness on the woman question, which 
 is almost my only source of sorrow, but I am laboring with 
 him with all the fervor of one whose heart is in the cause. 
 Adams and Michael and Howe are moving about among the 
 girls and really cause me a great deal of anxiety, but Baker is 
 lost; has merged himself in the mob and has entered upon the 
 period of "coverture." I hope it is unnecessary for me to say 
 that I am not in that line of promotion, but shall add my 
 physical and moral ( ?) weight to that of the brave minority. 
 We are strong in the justice of our cause. As to personal his- 
 tory, little space will suffice. 
 
 After July of 1870, was assistant in the University Library 
 for nine months, then was delivered of A. A. and was in the 
 Congressional Library for three months, since which have had 
 a clerkship in the Treasury Department. Have taken a two 
 years' course in the Law School of Columbian University, 
 admitted to the bar before graduation, and am now law clerk 
 of the office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury and 
 member of the law firm of "Armes & Thayer." Have seen a 
 great deal of cussedness since arriving in Washington, but 
 
222 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 we six "seventy" men are doing what we can "to save the 
 country." 
 
 With a hearty shake to all and the warmest wishes. 
 
 RUFUS H. THAYER. 
 
 Early in December, 1908, President Roosevelt appointed 
 Rufus H. Thayer, of Washington, D. C., as judge of the 
 United States Court at Shanghai, China. Mr. Thayer was 
 not an applicant for the position and his selection came, there- 
 fore, as a very pleasant surprise to him. He was a lawyer of 
 acknowledged ability and fitness for the position. He was 
 a member of the bar of the Supreme Court of the United 
 States, and had been for several years a member of the school 
 board and one of the trustees of the Public Library and sec- 
 retary of the board ; also a member and ex-president of the 
 Cosmos Club, and a member also of the Chevy Chase and the 
 University Clubs. 
 
 Montrose, N. Y., Jan. 12, 1905. Miss Harriet Isabella 
 Barnes, daughter of the Hon. William Barnes, of Albany, was 
 married at noon today at the Church of the Divine Love at 
 Montrose-on-the-Hudson, by the Rev. Gouverneaur Cruger, 
 to Mr. Rufus Hildreth Thayer, of Washington, D. C. 
 
 There were present Mr. and Mrs. George C. Hollister, of 
 Rochester; Mr. Thurlow Weed Barnes, of New York; Mr. 
 and Mrs. William Barnes, Jr., of Albany; Mr. and Mrs. Fred- 
 erick W. Seward, the Hon. Samuel R. Thayer (fbrmerly 
 United States minister at The Hague), of Minneapolis; Mr. 
 George W. Thayer, of Rochester, and Miss Grace Carter, of 
 Cooperstown. 
 
 A romance that began two years ago in Alaska thus cul- 
 minated. Judge Thayer is a brother of Daniel R. Thayer, of 
 Minneapolis, former Minister to Holland, and George W. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 223 
 
 Thayer, of Rochester. He is a prominent jurist of Washing- 
 ton. 
 
 Mrs. Thayer is a sister of William Barnes, Jr., chairman of 
 the Republican State Committee, a granddaughter of Thur- 
 low Weed and daughter of William Barnes, of Albany. Only 
 the families of the bride and bridegroom and the Seward fam- 
 ily were present. 
 
 After the ceremony a wedding breakfast was given at the 
 mansion of Frederick W. Seward, former acting Secretary of 
 State under Lincoln, Johnson and Hayes, whose magnificent 
 estate adjoins the village of Montrose. Judge Thayer and 
 Miss Barnes arrived last night and went at once to the Sew- 
 ard place, where arrangements had been made for the wed- 
 ding which unites two families that have for three generations 
 been life-long friends of the Sewards. 
 
 Judge Thayer arrived in Shanghai. China, February 24, 
 1909, and assumed charge of the United States Court. 
 
 May 15th, 1910. 
 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 I am very sorry indeed that I shall not be able to be at Ann 
 Arbor at our class re-union next month. Please give all the 
 boys my warm greetings. 
 
 As it is well known to you, on January 1st, 1909, I was 
 appointed Judge of the United States Court for China and 
 left for Shanghai, China, late in the same month and arrived 
 here the latter part of February the same year. I have found 
 the work of the court exceedingly interesting and agreeable 
 in all respects. The law requires me to visit, at least once 
 annually, three other ports in China, viz. : Canton in South 
 China, Tientsin in North China, and Hankow in the interior, 
 
224 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 and authorizes the court to hold sessions at any city in China 
 when occasion arises where the United States has a consulate. 
 Complying with these provisions, I have had the opportunity 
 of seeing a large part of China during the year and a half I 
 have been occupying this office. This adds variety of scene 
 and gives opportunity for interesting observations in this 
 ancient empire. 
 
 The court was organized only about four years ago and is, 
 therefore, in its infancy. The body of law which it applies is 
 uncertain and its practice and procedure are as yet only par- 
 tially developed. The lawyers of the class will thus under- 
 stand that for the present its work is 1 largely constructive. I 
 am enjoying it very much. 
 
 Two years ago this summer I had a very serious attack of 
 appendicitis, suffering 1 two dangerous operations and spend- 
 ing more than six months in recuperation. Prior to this, from 
 the date of our graduation, I had enjoyed perfect health. Re- 
 covery from these operations was slow necessarily, but I am 
 happy to say that I am now nearly, if not quite, as well as 
 before that attack. Like other members of the class, I assume 
 that my youthful physical vigor is not overmuch in evidence. 
 However, we may thank God that we have all yet some years 
 in which we may reasonably expect to be able to do good 
 work, and for you, my dear Carter, and for all the rest of the 
 boys, I heartily wish good health may continue and that you 
 are all so placed as to tranquilly enjoy the remaining years 
 of your lives respectively. 
 
 I recall that my dear classmates in those old undergraduate 
 days dubbed me "Judge." I construed it then as a term of 
 partial endearment and valued it accordingly. It stuck to me 
 later, and after many years it became at times exceedingly 
 embarrassing. It was not until my appointment to this office 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 225 
 
 that I could hear myself addressed as "Judge" without blush- 
 ing. Now that I am occupying the judicial office I suffer a 
 deeper concern. I am made anxious to fulfill its duties so as 
 not to bring disgrace either upon the class or myself. 
 
 It is impossible for me to go home this summer, but I am 
 looking forward to a visit either next summer or the follow- 
 ing and shall then hope to have the pleasure of meeting some 
 of the boys at least. 
 
 With cordial greetings to all, 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 RUFUS H. THAYER. 
 
 The "Cablenews-American," at Manila, P. L, of February 
 2nd, 1912, contains the following item : 
 
 One of the most distinguished visitors to the Carnival and 
 Exposition this year is Judge Rufus Hildreth Thayer, of the 
 United States Court for China, who arrived on the Manchu- 
 ria, and is the guest of Vice Governor Newton W. Gilbert, at 
 his home on Calle Real, Malate. 
 
 Judge Thayer, whose headquarters are in Shanghai, holds 
 court in that city, Canton, Tientsin and several other of the 
 larger cities of the empire, and is now on his way to Canton 
 via Manila, where he will hold court. 
 
 At yesterday's session of the Supreme Court, presided over 
 by Chief Justice Arellano, with all numbers present, a signal 
 honor was conferred upon Judge Thayer by the Chief Justice, 
 who invited him to a seat on the bench during the session of 
 the court. This is the first time in the history of the Supreme 
 Court of the islands that such an invitation has been extended 
 to a visiting jurist. Judge Thayer sat to the right of the 
 Chief Justice and listened with interest to the arguments of 
 Attorneys Aitken for the appellant and Ney for the appellee 
 in the case of Daywanet vs. Endencia. 
 
2G CLASS OF 'TO, UXIYKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 During his stay in the city Judge Thayer will be the recip- 
 ient of many attentions, the first of which will be a dinner 
 given in his honor at the Army and Navy Club next Saturday 
 night by Justice Johnson, of the Supreme Court, at which 
 will be present many distinguished members of the local 
 bench and bar. 
 
 In conversation yesterday with a Cablenews-American re- 
 porter, Judge Thayer expressed himself as delighted with 
 what he had seen of Manila, and sorry that his visit would 
 not be of longer duration. He sails on the Manchuria Sun- 
 day morning. 
 
 The following was clipped from the China Press, Shanghai, 
 dated May 9, 1912: 
 
 Judge Rufus H. Thayer, of the United States Court for 
 China, expects to sail for Dalny on the Japanese steamer Kobe 
 Maru next Monday morning early and will visit Mukden and 
 Harbin, holding a short term of court at both places. This 
 will be the first time since its organization that the United 
 States Court for China has visited Manchuria. 
 
 Afer disposing of the court business at Harbin, the Judge 
 will take the Siberian express for London to meet Mrs. 
 Thayer. Mrs. Thayer was seriously ill for several months 
 before leaving for home a year ago. Her recovery has been 
 very slow, said Judge Thayer yesterday, and she is only just 
 able to travel to London. It is hoped that a summer's rest in 
 England will restore her health so that she may be able to 
 return to Shanghai. 
 
 Woodstock, N. Y., June 30, 1917. 
 
 (332 State St., Albany, N. Y.) 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 Your announcement of Campbell's death is received and re- 
 minds me, as it no doubt has you, that the Grim Reaper is 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 227 
 
 at his work industriously with our Class. And why not? Cer- 
 tainly time is speeding wonderfully and we can no longer con- 
 ceal that we are in the old man's class. I drop you a line just 
 to assure you that I am still alive. While in fairly good 
 health and pretty cheerful, I have no difficulty in furnishing 
 evidence of increasing age. My home is now, and will be for 
 a few years, at the Albany address as above. The interpolated 
 address is my summer home, where I shall be for three or 
 four months. I have some judicial work on which I am en- 
 gaged at Kingston, a nearby town, and am spending my sum- 
 mer in the Catskill, which I find most agreeable. 
 
 I have seen none of the boys recently. I spent a few very 
 delightful days with Le Fevre in Peking the year before I 
 returned from China, and in 1914 (January), was in N. Y. 
 City for a couple of months ; had most delightful visits with 
 Tweedy and Noble only a few months before their deaths, 
 which were great shocks to me, especially because of my re- 
 cent pleasant and interesting talks with them. They were 
 both fine fellows, as you know, and had developed into splen- 
 did men. It is too bad that we, who are left, can't meet often 
 and exchange reminiscences and views of life, and cheer each 
 other up and say "God speed" as we move on down the hill. 
 
 T hope you and Mrs. Carter enjoy good health and that life 
 is treating you well. Do you come east occasionally? I wish 
 you did and that we might manage to meet some time. With 
 very warm regards, 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 RUFUS H. THAYER 
 
 Kingston, N. Y., July 12, 1917. Rufus Hildreth Thayer, of 
 Albany, who was Judge of the United States Court at Shang- 
 hai, from 1909 to 1913, and former Judge Advocate General 
 of the National Guard of the District of Columbia, died here 
 
228 u CLASS OF >70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 today several hours after he had been stricken with apoplexy. 
 He was serving as a member of the Schoharie-Shandaken Con- 
 demnation Commission under a recent appointment. 
 
 Judge Thayer was born at Plymouth, Mich., June 29, 1850, 
 the son of Rufus and Hersilora Thayer, who were both of 
 New England ancestry. Judge Thayer was graduated from 
 the University of Michigan in 1870, some of his classmates 
 being United States Supreme Court Justice Day, Judge Pen- 
 field, former Solicitor of the State Department ; Dr. Bernard 
 Moses, of the University of California, and Alfred Noble, the 
 engineer. 
 
 After graduation. Judge Thayer was appointed assistant to 
 the Librarian of Congress; he studied law, and graduated in 
 1874. He was appointed a law clerk in the Treasury Depart- 
 ment, where he remained for ten years. He resigned in Cleve- 
 land's first administration to practice law in the firm of 
 Thayer & Rankin. In December, 1908, he was appointed 
 Judge of the United . States Court in China by President 
 Roosevelt. He retired in December, 1913. 
 
 ALEXANDER THOMSON, B. S., LL. B. 
 
 Born on Griggsville Prairie, Pike Co., 111., May 2, 1844 Died 
 at Clackmas, Oregon, December 28, 1904. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Clackmas, Oregon, Feb. 16, 1879. 
 
 I have received the Class letter; glad to hear from you all 
 once more. Business at once: the summer of '70 spent on 
 farm in Illinois. In the fall I returned to law school at A. A. 
 Next summer read in law office of E. Sanford, Morris, 111. In 
 autumn returned to law school again and was graduated and 
 admitted to the bar in Detroit. Returned home, found mv 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 229 
 
 father very sick. I carried on his farm for one year until he 
 recovered, and then I got disgusted and tried to run away 
 from myself ; visited Salt Lake in '73 ; stood on the walk in 
 front of B. Young's residence while others went in and shook 
 hands with the old reprobate. For the honor of '70 I would 
 not go in. I had taken Greeley's advice to go West. I went 
 to Sacramento, remained about ten days, then to San Fran- 
 cisco. The Orriflame turned her prow proudly to the West, 
 and amid the hurrahs of the passengers and the curses of the 
 seamen, I took the water destined for Portland, Oregon. 
 From that time I became a part of the floating population of 
 Oregon. For two years taught school, worked on a farm, had 
 an engagement as a comedian, but did not appear in public. 
 Believing in the Scriptural assertion, it is not good for man 
 to live alone, I looked around me and what did I see? Al- 
 mond-eyed China women, orange-colored Americans and 
 white women of rare beauty. With all these resources to be 
 developed, I deemed to perpetuate the name of we great men 
 of '70, and accordingly I had a lady imported from Ann Ar- 
 bor, Mich., Sarah J. Almendinger, and was married in Oregon 
 City, September 22, 1875.* Although I have since had my 
 nose broken and my hair has grown thinner on the top of my 
 head, I have not yet regretted the step, but "live subservient 
 to the powers that be." In the classic language of the aborig- 
 inees, "Nika iskum renas T llicum (I have one small boy) 
 about two years old. As for present positions I take a deal of 
 pride in saying I am a Justice of the Peace. My wife thinks 
 that with all my misfortunes, I am still handsome, that 
 nothing can mar my beauty, not even the smallpox. In con- 
 clusion there is still a warm spot in my heart for every mem- 
 ber of '70. In the short time 1 that I have had the Class letter 
 I have lived over again four of the happiest years of my life, 
 
230 ('LASS OF TO, rxiVKUSITV OF MICHIGAN 
 
 and my wife seemed to enjoy it is much I did. To poor Hay- 
 ward we extend our heartfelt sympathy. His wife and mine 
 were schoolmates. If any of you come west call on the Jus- 
 tice, who lives within the sound of the roaring cataract of the 
 Willamette and within sight of the snow-clad peak of Mt. 
 Hood, and share his bacon and beans so long as there is a 
 rind or a bean left. 
 
 REV. ORLANDO LAFAYETTE TINDALL, A. M., B. D. 
 Born at South Grove, DeKalb Co., 111., November 25, 1847. 
 
 Address : Zion City, 111. 
 
 In 1896 I sold my farm of 320 acres, two and a half miles 
 from Lawrence, Kansas, and stock, and moved into Lawrence. 
 Engaged in business in a light way, as my health was not very 
 good. 
 
 In 1890 I met Dr. John Alex. Dowie, who was an ex-Cong, 
 minister and evangelist from Australia, in Minneapolis, Minn., 
 where we were spending a vacation. He was holding what he 
 called a Divine Healing mission, as he had done for a couple 
 of years on the Pacific coast and in some large cities. I be- 
 came interested in his work and was associated with him indi- 
 rectly for several years by correspondence and some work. 
 
 In 1896, Feb. 22, he organized The Christian Catholic 
 Church in Zion. In 1897 I was ordained an elder in that 
 church, and for one year held a mission in Lawrence, Kan. 
 
 In 1898 we moved to Chicago. Dr. Dowie told me he ex- 
 pected to start a college in the near future and wanted me to 
 teach Greek among other things. My Greek had surely got- 
 ten pretty rusty after 30 years' non-use, or nearly so. He said 
 I would have time to study up as it might be some time be- 
 fore he could open up the college. It proved to be nearly a 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 231 
 
 year. I spent the most of this time brushing up on my old 
 books. Did some preaching and mission work there in Chi- 
 cago. In 1899, Feb. 14, the college was opened. I was ap- 
 pointed principal of the Ministerial Department, and W. F. 
 Matthews, of '70 M. U., who had become a member of the 
 church, was made principal of the Preparatory Department. 
 The college was located oh Michigan Ave. and 14th St. the 
 first year and then taken across the street to the large Nor- 
 wood hotel, which was rented and used for college, and a 
 dormitory for students and teachers. The first year Mrs. 
 Tindall and I had charge of the college Home and boarded 
 the teachers. Zion College gave much attention ro the study 
 of the Bible, making it a text book in all the departments 
 along with the other branches of study. There was much 
 need of this, as the Bible is tabooed in the public schools, 
 especially in Illinois, to her disgrace. 
 
 We continued our work here till October, 1902, when we 
 moved to Zion City, 111., 42 miles north of Chicago, on the lake 
 shore, where Dr. Dowie had purchased about 7,000 acres of 
 land and built a city, which grew in a few years to 10,000 pop- 
 ulation. Here we had a large stone building that cost $150,- 
 000. The school increased rapidly. About 2,000 were regis- 
 tered at one time. I taught Greek, Church History, New Tes- 
 tament Exegesis and some other branches at times; enjoyed 
 my work very much. 
 
 In October, 1903, I accompanied Dr. Dowie, with his 3,000 
 host to New York on his crusade. He rented Madison Square 
 Garden for about 20 days, where he held religious meetings 
 from 6 :30 A. M. till 10 o'clock P. M. almost continuously. 
 The members of the host visited the homes and business 
 places during the day, selling the papers, "Leaves of Healing," 
 and giving out messages and religious tracts. They gave out 
 
232 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 over a million pieces of literature, covered Greater New York 
 from house to house twice or more. 
 
 While here I saw Tweedy, of '70, at his office on Pine St. 
 Prof. S. R. Winchell, of '70, taught one year In our schools 
 in Zion City. After returning from New York, I continued 
 teaching until 1906, when I took up ministerial and pastoral 
 work and was associate editor on the Zion papers, "The 
 Leaves of Healing" and "The Theocrat," which has been my 
 principal work since that time. 
 
 During the last four years my health has not been very 
 rugged ; have had several very severe attacks of different dis- 
 eases, bronchitis, flu., a good deal of head trouble, dizziness, 
 etc. Am just recovering from bronchial pneumonia, which 
 gave me a close call to settle up my accounts for this old 
 world. 
 
 Thanks unto God, who had mercy and is giving me good 
 hopes of a longer lease of time to do something for the world 
 as I may have opportunity. We, in Zion, give God all the 
 glory for our healings, as we have no doctors, nor drugs to 
 share the glory. I am now 73 past and feel pretty young and 
 am enjoying life first rate. Hope to meet all the "boys" in a 
 grand old re-union in the "Better Land." 
 
 O. L. TINDALL. 
 Zion, 111., March 31, 1921. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATTRE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 233 
 
 JAMES FISHER TWEEDY, A. B. 
 
 Born at Milwaukee, Wis., March 20, 1849 Died in New 
 York City, December 21, 1914. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Milwaukee, July 3, 1878. 
 Dear Classmates in '70 : 
 
 The letters at hand tell me that it is my turn at the yarn. 
 
 The first eight years have been very quiet ones with me. 
 After trying railroad surveying for a year I returned to Alma 
 Mater for more nursing, this time in engineering, but got so 
 deeply involved in Cupid's coils that I did, but poorly at en- 
 gineering. Returned to field work in the spring of '72 in Wis- 
 consin. Married in September, '72, and after a year of wait- 
 ing for something to turn up, got on to my feet, though at 
 first with trembling step, and have since managed, by beg- 
 ging and borrowing, to get some bread for a rapidly increas- 
 ing family. Have only three boys and a girl to cry for work, 
 and they can fill that bill I can tell you. But come and see 
 me, after you're married, for I would not want you to be dis- 
 couraged. 
 
 Yours, 
 
 JAS. F. T- -. 
 
 The Free Press, Milwaukee, Wis., Dec. 22, 1914, contained 
 the following: 
 
 James F. Tweedy, aged 64 years, formerly a resident of Mil- 
 waukee, died at his home in New York yesterday, according 
 to a message received by his brother, J. H. Tweedy, Jr., Mar- 
 shall street. 
 
 Mr. Tweedy left Milwaukee about twelve years ago. He 
 was formerly in the brokerage business here, which vocation 
 
234 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 he followed in New York. He was connected with the firm 
 of William Herbert & Co., brokers, at the time of his death. 
 He was for several years senior member of the firm of 
 Tweedy, Imbrie & Co. 
 
 A wife and four children survive his death. 
 
 Mrs. Alice B. Tweedy, widow, and two of her sons, Arthur 
 and James B., reside at 473 W. 22nd street, New York City. 
 Her son, Richard, is married and is an artist, located at 232 
 W. 14th street, New York City. Her son, Alfred, is also mar- 
 ried and is a lawyer, with an office at 2 Rector street, New 
 York City. 
 
 Our classmate had a summer home in New Hampshire, 
 where he usually went every summer for recreation. He at 
 last succumbed to an attack of pneumonia. 
 
 PETER VOORHEIS, A. B. 
 
 Born at White Lake, Oakland Co., Mich., September 11, 1843 
 Died at Grand Rapids, Mich., December 17, 1890. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Grand Rapids, Mich., April 15, 1878. 
 
 I, Peter Voorheis, of Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michi- 
 gan, mindful of the uncertainties of human life, and realizing 
 the importance of the Class of '70, do hereby give and be- 
 queath to my beloved classmates forever, my history (''writ- 
 ten by the author") since our "Alma Mata" sent us forth into 
 the cold world, in manner following: 
 
 First: Class letter just received, and I need not assure 
 any man of '70 that I have read with much interest the letters 
 of you whose names commence with the first letters of the 
 alphabet, I have been surprised in reaching the letters writ- 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS -35 
 
 ten in '71 and '72 to learn that the Class letter had been ex- 
 pected by them for a long time, then I presume the English 
 language does not contain words adequate to express their 
 feelings, had they been obliged to wait as I have done, nearly 
 eight long years. 
 
 Some matters which disturbed them are now settled ; for 
 instance, the matter of Ballenger vs. Winchell having been 
 disposed of equitably, rather than in a legal manner, but as 
 it seems to me satisfactory to both parties, as each received 
 what he would have got at the end of a long-contested suit, 
 if he had been successful, which under the circumstances of 
 the case he could not have expected. 
 
 After leaving Ann Arbor, I commenced studying law with 
 Crofoot & Brewer, of Pontiac, where I remained about one 
 year. Then, through the kindness of my Classmate Ripley, 
 I received the appointment of U. S. Foreman of harbor im- 
 provements at Holland, Mich., for the summer of '71. At- 
 tended law lectures at Ann Arbor during the winter of '71 and 
 '72. Was examined and admitted to the bar in March, '72. 
 Then I came to Grand Rapids, where I have been practicing 
 law for the past six years, two years alone, four years with 
 my present law partner. 
 
 He continued in the successful practice of his profession 
 in Grand Rapids up to the time of his death. 
 
 He was pleading a case for his client at the Grand Rapids, 
 Mich., bar in December, 1890, when he suddenly stopped 
 talking and fell over on the table in front of him. His wife, 
 who happened to be in court at the time, rushed to his aid, 
 and found that he was dead. He left three boys who grew 
 up bright young men and were doing well in business at last 
 account. 
 
236 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 The widow died in 1900. Peter Yoorhers was a noble, 
 good-natured fellow. He had a happy disposition, always 
 ready to greet his friends with a smile and to render any aid 
 to the unfortunate needing assistance. It was pleasa-nt to be 
 associated with him. 
 
 WILLIAM JAMES WATERS, C. E. 
 
 Born at Rye, N. Y., September 10, 1841. Date and place of 
 death unknown. 
 
 Although we have kept up search and inquiry for Waters 
 for many years we have found no trace of him since 1877. 
 when he went away from Columbus, O. No reason has been 
 discovered for his disappearance. It is supposed that he has 
 long since gone over the border to the silent city. He was of 
 a roving disposition, but he had many friends and it is con- 
 sidered, that had he remained in the land of the living, his 
 whereabouts would have become known long ere this. We 
 mourn his loss. 
 
 OLIVER HART WATTLES, B. S. 
 
 Born in Lapeer County, Mich., January 29, 1850. Died at 
 Lapeer, Mich., March 23, 1911. 
 
 Oliver H. Wattles continued the banking house of J. M. 
 Wattles & Go., at Lapeer, Mich., after the death of his father 
 in 1893. Although this business took him to the large cities 
 throughout the country, he gave close attention to the bank 
 and did not leave it long at any one time. His v/atchful care 
 preserved the interests of the bank. Mr. Wattles had many 
 warm friends. He very seldom attended the class reunions 
 at Ann Arbor. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 237 
 
 ALBERT WILLIAM WEISBROD, A. B. 
 
 Born in Oshkosh, Wis., October 4, 1851. Died in Oshkosh, 
 Wis., April 18, 1892. 
 
 Air. Weisbrod left a very enviable record as a lawyer in the 
 state of Wisconsin, he having resided in the city of Oshkosh 
 during his entire life and was well known throughout the 
 state. His services as a lawyer were in great demand. 
 
 CHARLES MANLEY WELLS, M. S. 
 
 Born at Gibson, Susquehanna Co., Pa., October 23, 1842. 
 Died at Los Angeles, Cal., February 24, 1905. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Pontiac, Mich., Jan. 21, 1878. 
 Dear Classmates: 
 
 A perusal of the Class Letter shows beyond question that 
 the days of gush for '70 have passed and as I do not claim a 
 better state of preservation than my average classmate, I will 
 straight to business. The last of April preceding graduation 
 I took local charge of the -government harbor works at Muske- 
 gon, Mich. This was very soothing to my pocket book. As 
 U. S. Asst. Engr. in September, 1870, White River harbor 
 was added to my charge. The winter and spring of 1870-71 
 was passed in Milwaukee in charge of the six harbors from 
 Muskegon north, a charge which I retained until June, 1874, 
 living meanwhile successively in Detroit, Pent Water and 
 Muskegon. I should not omit to add as an index of the 
 severity of my duties, that during the winter 1871-2 my office 
 was stationed at Ann Arbor and I scored a year in the law. 
 From October, 1873, until June, 1874, was employed as engi- 
 
238 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 neer to aid in the selection of a townsite and site for a state 
 asylum for the insane. In this connection I visited all the 
 considerable towns of Eastern Michigan, some of them many 
 times, and as my duties were systematic, retained my gov- 
 ernment position. 
 
 As each town urgently desired to have the asylum located in 
 its vicinity, I found the duty very pleasant, fared well and 
 imbibed notions of my own greatness which subsequent ex- 
 perience has not verified. June, 1874, I resigned my U. S. 
 position to enter the service of the State of Michigan and take 
 charge after erection of the new asylum at Pontiac, Mich., 
 and nearly four years later here I am still. The asylum will 
 be completed next May or June and my duties will cease. My 
 wife sits beside me now in my office in the asylum building. 
 My boy is six years old. He missed that cup. We keep 
 house and life is quietly going on. My political principles 
 are republican, still I bolted Grant and unlike Dodge, failed 
 to swallow Greeley. In religion I may be a Buddist or a 
 Brahman. I formulate nothing and cannot tell. Hoping to 
 see you all in Ann Arbor next Jun Q I pass this on to Perry 
 who lives here. C. M. W. 
 
 3827 Indiana Ave., Chicago. 
 
 August 8th, 1904. 
 My Dear Carter: 
 
 The time was last Thursday evening, August 4th. The 
 place was the College Inn Restaurant, corner of Washington 
 St. and La Salle St. The persons were Dawson, Darrow. 
 Mathews, Tindall, Winchell, Whitman and Wells, i. e., two 
 lawyers, two teachers, two preachers and one away from home, 
 but all were of '70. I talked with several of the boys several 
 times, but when Darrow took the bit in his teeth, he drew 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATI-RE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 239 
 
 us all together, but so suddenly in- the denouement that Car- 
 ter, Wing and other suburban residents could not be gathered 
 in and we all mourned thereat. 
 
 Our time was mainly and properly taken in bringing class 
 history down to date. The roster was present only in our 
 memories, but we hardly missed one of the names that thirty- 
 four years ago we each by heart Of the party Mathews 
 was the baby and yours truly was patriorch, but neither 
 looked nor felt the honor. So far as I know each member of 
 the party reached home unassisted, except by other members. 
 Wells was detailed to report to our most w r orthy secretary 
 the facts heretofore stated, that history might be recorded as 
 made. The wives, on option, remained at home, not wishing 
 to turn a class function into a social function. No one of the 
 Chicago contingent failed to come. 
 
 Darrow is teaching as of old ; Winchell has still with him 
 the lecture bureau and his educational work ; Dawson and 
 Whitman are in successful practice of the law ; Mathews is 
 struggling to help others in religious and eduactional work 
 and neglecting himself; Tindall is at Zion City, the educational 
 head quarters (both spiritual and secular), of John Alexander 
 Dowie ; Mathews was then in the same work but fled on the 
 announcement that Dowis is the veritable Elijah of old. Phy- 
 sically, all, with one exception, are well preserved. Whitman 
 has the color, activity and tone of youth; Dawson is quiet, 
 concise, harmonizing and like Darrow, nerves in perfect 
 health and accord. Mathhews is rotund of face and form, 
 contented in spiritual truths as he saw them thirty years ago. 
 Tindall, whom we expected to see with a flowing beard after 
 the manner of his chief, wears instead a silk hat from time 
 immemorial, called a plug. He is pleasant, intelligent, de- 
 voted to his work and evidently contented therein. 
 
240 CLASS OF '70, UXIVEKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 My treatment has been prolonged much beyond expecta- 
 tion the main improvement in the first three weeks. Airs. 
 Wells came back to me a week ago, and we will break up 
 here and go to Michigan, not later than Aug. 15th. We shall 
 probably be in Chicago about Nov. 1st, at which time I may 
 stay again with the Dr. for a time. If so I hope to see you. 
 
 After meeting you that evening on the fair grounds I very 
 soon got a wheel chair and my trouble was over. 
 
 Mrs. Wells joins me in best regards to Mrs. Carter and 
 yourself. 
 
 Yours in '70, 
 
 C. M. WELLS. 
 
 The funeral of Charles M. Wells, expresident of the Los 
 Angeles Chamber of Commerce, former president of the Free 
 Harbor League and secretary of the California World's Fair 
 Commission of 1893, who died at his home, No. 2515 South 
 Main street, early Friday morning, will be held at the late 
 residence at 2:30 o'clock this afternoon, Rev. Dr. Thompson, 
 pastor of the Independent Church of Christ, officiating. In 
 arranging the funeral the family has received the assistant of 
 a special committee appointed from the Chamber of Commerce 
 President J. O. Foepfli, O. T. Johnson, Niles Pease and ]. 
 Baruch. Officers and members of the chamber will attend the 
 services at will. Burial will be made in Rosedale Cemetery. 
 
 Mr. WelFs death resulted from rheumatism of the heart ; 
 he had been a sufferer from muscular rheumatism for years, 
 but was not prostrated until two weeks ago. Wednesday and 
 Thursday Mr. Well's condition was so much improved, ap- 
 parently, that he was out of bed and about the house. Thurs- 
 day evening he retired early. At 2 o'clock Friday morning 
 one of his sons, George, went to the father's bedside ; he was 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 241 
 
 sleeping peacefully. At 6 o'clock the wife entered his cham- 
 ber to see if the sick man needed anything, or was in pain ; 
 he was dead. 
 
 Air. Wells leaves a widow and three sons : L. C. Wells, of 
 the San Pedro News ; George R. Wells, treasurer of the 
 Unique Theater, this city ; and F. B. Wells, an assayer at the 
 plant of the Butler's Mining Company, San Salvador, Cent- 
 ral America. 
 
 Charles M. Wells was born in Susquehanna county, Penn- 
 sylvania, October 23, 1840, where he spent his childhood and 
 youth. At the age of 20 he enlisted as a volunteer in the 
 Union Army, and served eighteen months, when, his health 
 shattered, he was mustered out. He subsequently removed 
 to Ann Arbor, Mich., where he became a graduate of the 
 Literary Department and of the Law Department of the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan. In 1870 he made his home in Wauseon, 
 O., where he married. 
 
 Having accumulated a competence in business, Mr. Wells 
 in 1866 came to Los Angeles, here to reside until his death. 
 He invested to the limit of his means in real estate, and lost 
 heavily through the breaking of the boom of the following 
 year. He early identified himself with men and projects of 
 business importance in the community, and in 1891 was placed 
 at the head of the Chamber of Commerce, becoming thus its 
 second president in order of election. Mr. Wells had the 
 honor to be chosen president of the Free Harbor League, by 
 whose recommendation to the Rivers and Harbors Committee 
 of Congress San Pedro was finally selected in preference to 
 Santa Monica for the government harbor and breakwater. 
 The secretaryship of the California World's Fair Commission 
 was another distinction accorded Mr. Wells and one that 
 
242 CLASS -OF 'TO, VNIVKKSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 came near costing him his health ; he returned from Chicago 
 broken down by hard work. Los Angeles Daily. 
 
 CHARLES RUDOLPHUS WHITMAN, A. M., LL. B. 
 
 Born at South Bend, Ind., October 4, 1847. Died at Chicago 
 at Chicago Union Hospital, April 2, 1921. 
 
 At 14, moved with his parents to Chicago. Graduated from 
 University of Michigan, 1870, receiving degree oT A. B. ; from 
 Law Department, 1870, receiving degree of LL. B. ; and in 
 1875, received degree of A. M. He was a member of the Phi 
 Delta Phi fraternity. Practiced law in Ypsilanti, Ann Arbor 
 and Detroit, Michigan, from 1873 to 1899, when he moved to 
 Chicago, where he was engaged in the active practice of law 
 until his death. From 1876 to '78 he was Circuit Court Com- 
 mossioner of Washtenaw County, Michigan; from 1880 to '81-, 
 prosecuting attorney of the same county ; from 1886 to 1894. 
 Regent of the University of Michigan; from 1891 to 1W> 
 Railroad Commissioner of the State of Michigan ; and from 
 189.6 to '98, Assistant United States District Attorney for the 
 Southern District of Michigan. 
 
 On September 3, 1912, Mr. Whitman married Alice, daugh- 
 ter of Mrs. Julia Wright Evans, of Detroit, Michigan. They 
 have one child, Alice, born March 22, 1917, to whom he was 
 very much attached. They adored each other and were in- 
 separable during her waking moments. 
 
 Mr. Whitman is survived by four sons by his former mar- 
 riage : Ross C., Lloyd C., Roland D., and Bayard J. Whit- 
 man, and by a brother, Wm. F. Whitman. 
 
 Mr. Whitman was a member of W T m. B. Warren Lodge No. 
 209, A. F. & A. M., Washington Chapter No. 43, R. A. M. and 
 Chicago Commandery No. 19, K. T., and was buried with 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 243 
 
 Masonic honors from Graceland Cemetery Chapel, April o, 
 1921. 
 
 Two of Mr. Whitman's sons, Lloyd C. and Roland D., are 
 engaged in the successful practice of law in the law firm of 
 "Helmer, Moulton, Whitman & Whitman" at 110 South Dear- 
 born St., Chicago. 
 
 The last letter received from our deceased classmate is 
 copied below: 
 
 Chicago, June 18, 1920. 
 My Dear Mr. Carter: 
 
 I have been postponing an answer to your letter of May 
 10th, because of the uncertainty whether I would be able, in 
 the end, to attend our class reunion. It is a matter of pro- 
 found regret that I find myself physically unable to be pres- 
 ent. 
 
 In looking over the list of names which you have kindly 
 sent me, my sorrow deepens that I must miss this gathering 
 of so many of my classmates men now, gray-haired, wrink- 
 led in feature, doubtless ; yet plainly, the same boys, I now 
 know as I did not then know, I loved so dearly, years and 
 years ago. 
 
 I am keenly conscious that a future opportunity of the like 
 is rapidly lessening, and I am painfully aware that on this 
 occasion we are to have an unusually full attendance of men 
 who have seldom appeared at previous reunions; men whom, 
 therefore, I especially wish to meet. 
 
 My love to you all, boys, and to the wives, and to the sec- 
 ond and to the third generations as well. May life move easily 
 and pleasantly for you ; with the least of regrets for the past, 
 and the brightest of well-warranted hopes for the future. 
 Faithfully and sincerely yours, 
 
 CHARLES R. WHITMAN. 
 
244 ('LASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 WARREN CHAFFEE WILLITS, C. E. 
 
 Born at Adrian, Mich., July 9, 1847. Died at Denver, Colo., 
 
 October 30, 1901. 
 
 It will be remembered that our former history contained an 
 account of the sudden death by heart disease of Mr. Willits, 
 immediately after dismounting from his bicycle and stepping 
 upon the side walk of one of the streets of Denver. He was 
 at that time a candidate for a public office and would have 
 been elected, but for his sudden death. A widow and daugh- 
 ter survived him. 
 
 SAMUEL ROBERTSON WINCHELL, A. M. 
 
 Born in Town of North East, Duchess Co., N. Y., Nov. 26, '43. 
 
 Address: 3131 West Madison Street, Chicago, 111. 
 
 In 1905 I established the Winchell Academy at Evanston, 
 111., for the purpose of giving my youngest daughter, then five 
 years old my personal attention as instructor and companion. 
 
 She was an unusually intelligent and winsome child and de- 
 i 
 
 veloped beautifully for two years in that school, which in 
 that time became a full-fledged institution witn various de- 
 partments and 141 pupils enrolled. But in January, 1907, 
 our darling was suddenly taken away from us by malignant 
 diptheria and scarlet fever. This caused me to close the 
 school, sell the property, and turn my attention to other 
 things. I made a study of the city of Chicago and published 
 through A. Flanagan Co., Chicago Past, Present and Future, 
 a book of 186 pages, with abundant illustrations. The next 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 245 
 
 year I compiled and published at my own expense The Ar- 
 tists' Blue Book of Chicago. In 1910, I wrote and A. Flana- 
 gan Co. published A Civic Manual of Chicago, Cook County 
 and Illinois. I then disposed of my Teachers' Agency and 
 Lecture Bureau, in which I had been favored by the constant 
 and efficient co-operation of my ever-faithful wife and for one 
 school year took charge of the high school in Zion City, Illi- 
 nois, at the earnest solicitation of Classmate Tindall. In 
 1912, I took up the business of engraving and stationery in 
 Chicago, in which I remained until May, 1915, when my 
 health failed and I went to Minneapolis, where a brief stay 
 in a sanatorium put me again on my feet and I associated my- 
 self with a prominent real estate firm in that city. In 1918, 
 my state of health again induced me to seek a change of cli- 
 mate, and I went to Palisade, Colo., and assumed the role of 
 insurance agent. In August, 1920, I transferred my resi- 
 dence to Grand Junction, Colo., and added real estate to in- 
 surance, and am doing a fairly good business. For six months 
 before coming to Grand Junction, I was editor and manager 
 of the Palisade branch of the Grand Junction Daily News. 
 
 I have in hand half a dozen book manuscripts which the 
 unsettled condition of the publishing business has prevented 
 me from publishing. I have always been active in church 
 and Sunday school work, being a Methodist born, a Methodist 
 bred, and hope to be a Methodist when I'm dead. Have been 
 independent in politics, usually voting the Republican ticket; 
 was a great admirer of Theodore Roosevelt. I worked in the 
 office of the National Prohibition party in Chicago during the 
 two campaigns of Chafin and Watkins and did all the book- 
 ing and routing of those candidates during both of their cam- 
 paigns. I am now hollering for Harding and Coolidge. 
 
240 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 My three older children are still living", Harley Corspn, the 
 class boy No. 2, conducts a prosperous advertising business 
 in Chicago ; my oldest daughter lives in Palisade, Colo. ; is 
 the wife of W. J. Stebbins, superintendent of schools and 
 owner of a fruit ranch, from which come some of the cele- 
 brated Elberta peaches. Mr. Stebbins graduated from North- 
 western University in 19.06. Mrs. Stebbins is president of 
 the Woman's Club of Palisade. My other daughter grad- 
 uated from the Cunnock school of Northwestern University 
 and married I. R. Campbell, now a prominent representative 
 of the Xew York Life Insurance Company in Minneapolis. 
 He is also a graduate of Northwestern University. 
 
 My health is now good. An old Chicago acquaintance met 
 me here a few days ago and said I looked beter than I did 
 fifteen years ago. I wonder what he meant. My wife says 
 writing is my hobby. I like to raise poultry, and have had 
 some very fine specimens of White Wyandottes and Anconas, 
 though I never became a fancier. I could never save money 
 enough to buy an automobile, and now my ambition is to buy 
 an airplane so that I can go to our next reunion. I find walk- 
 ing a healthful exercise, so I conquer the high cost of shoes 
 by walking from three to fifteen miles a day drumming up 
 trade. W^hile in college I was one of the original University 
 Glee Club, and I have never lost my fondness for singing. 
 Last winter I sang tenor in the oratorio "The Holy City," 
 which was given in Palisade and Clifton. While in Minne- 
 apolis I gave a course of lectures on the history of the Bible, 
 and while in Chicago, I sometimes lectured on Chicago. 
 
 Mrs. Winchell has written many short poems, some of 
 which have been prominently published, the last one, just 
 published, being "Peach Picking in Grand Valley." 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE. SCIENCE AND ARTS 247 
 
 Mr. Winchell returned to Chicago Jan. 1, 1921, because of 
 the critical condition of his wife's health. She is, for this 
 reason, obliged to remain with her daughter in Minneapolis, 
 while he occupies the responsible position of Editor and Busi- 
 ness Manager of The Westcenter Chicagoan, a weekly paper 
 published by the Westcenter Commercial Association of Chi- 
 cago. He reports his health as better than ever and that he 
 is doing the work of four men. 
 
 CHARLES GORDON WING, PH. B., LL. B. 
 
 Born January 21, 1848 in Cattarangus County, N. Y. Died 
 Ludington, Mich., November 12, 1920. 
 
 Class Letter. 
 
 Ludington, Mich., May 2, 1878. 
 My Brethren : 
 
 These letters bring me joy. There is a certain uniformity 
 of "tale" in the earlier ones turned practical of later date. 1 
 have been quite a busy practitioner since April, 1874. Octo- 
 ber 1, 1873, I opened an office here. I earned nothing for 
 four months. I got all I earned then. Afterwards, perhaps, 
 I got more. Wells is the sole cause of my being here. We 
 were in the law school together 'in '72 and '73, and he offered 
 me a position here as foreman on the harbor improvements 
 a position I doubted my fitness for, but accepted because it 
 gave me four dollars per day and a chance to marry the girl 
 which I did instanter and brought her along. Miss Jennie 
 Poole of Sharon, Mich. She was teaching with me two years 
 at Manchester. We have two daughters. The only reward 
 Wells got for his favor was in a real estate transaction. We 
 purchased together some property in '74, which cost us one 
 
248 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 thousand dollars and is worth less than five hundred dollars 
 now. I studied law in Jackson with Gibson. 1 was not pres- 
 ent, perhaps some will remember at the '73 reunion, but at the 
 rally this year my appearance is entered. I saw Oscar Camp- 
 bell last week in Cleveland. He expressed a feeling which 
 is doubtless universal that we should all gather at the big 
 talk in June. WING. 
 
 Since 1903, nothing especially worthy of mention to the 
 members of the class has occurred in my experience. "My 
 principal job while it lasted was the education of a family 
 of seven children, five girls and two boys, and since that was 
 completed in 1914, my efforts have seemed devoid of any un- 
 derlying motive. Ethelwyn, a graduate of the University of 
 Michigan, later also of the University of California, resides 
 at Berkeley, the seat of the latter institution, her office in 
 Oakland, her occupation the management of the Delphian so- 
 ciety on the Pacific coast. Jessie, now Mrs. F. B. Olney, 
 resides in Ludington. Gordon P. Wing, not as a boy overly 
 given to books, is a lumberman at Odanah, Wisconsin. Alice, 
 a graduate of the University of Illinois, is one of the staff of 
 the state library at Lansing. Mabel, now Mrs. Dr. S. F. Kd- 
 wards, since her husband, of John Hopkins University, en 
 tered the army, unsettled as to residence. Oril, a graduate of 
 Oberlin, has been a teacher in California. Charles, a grad- 
 uate of Oberlin, is a teacher of piano music at the University 
 of Indiana. 
 
 To make an adequate homestead where the children would 
 grow up and be welcome to remain I went to work quite early 
 clearing up a farm just out of town. They grew up there, 
 but none remains except for visits. We live there simply 
 because it is impossible to look upon any other spot in the 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 249 
 
 light of a home. Rather from habit than interest in farm- 
 ing, I am apt to be engaged about farm maters every morning 
 before 9 o'clock and after that hour to be a banker. I am 
 not obliged, however, to keep office hours at the bank in these 
 later years, and my best thought is given to the editorial col- 
 umns of a daily newspaper. The Ludington Daily News is 
 the only local organ of publicity and the control of it I aim 
 to use as a member of the class of '70, ought to use the lead- 
 ing influence of the community in which he lives. My lei- 
 sure hours, if any, are given to the preparation of a history 
 of this county where I rank as a pioneer. 
 
 In a disclosure so intimately personal as Mr. Carter's cir- 
 cular indicates this writing should be made, perhaps a place 
 should be found for my painful experience with the medics 
 two years ago. In April, 1918, a neoplasm was discovered 
 about the size of a pea on the soft-palate. I was advised to 
 give it prompt attention. It was, however, July 4th when I 
 got started to the sanitarium at Battle Creek. Radium treat- 
 ment was recommended. This was applied in Chicago. 
 Quite reduced in strength by the pain of this slowly acting 
 remedy throu'gh the remaining months of 1918, I had never- 
 theless entirely recovered by the time of our return from Cali- 
 fornia in the spring of 1919. While I was in Chicago under 
 treatment, Mr. Dawson was a great comfort, as indeed he has 
 always been. No other healing came to me in those weeks 
 of pain more sustaining than the long beautiful letters of Ed- 
 ward E. Darrow, full of tenderness and soothing philosophy. 
 They are still the most precious of memories. Of the neop- 
 lasm there has been no reappearance and I have been partly 
 in doubt whther I should not have ignored both the neoplasm 
 and the medics. 
 
250 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 I note the undiminished '"punch" of Carter as he tackles the 
 new job required of him last June. That is a matter I hope 
 to hear talked over in 1925. 
 
 CHARLES G. WING. 
 
 Ludington, Mich., Sept. 3, 1920. 
 
 Father passed away without warning November 12, 15)20, 
 and the sure anchor of our family life is no more. Despite 
 our abiding loss we are reconciled to the summons which 
 forbade him "linger till the glass be all outrun." 
 
 There have been many touching tributes to father's years 
 of activity and public service in this community and we are 
 thankful both for his continued efforts and for the apprecia- 
 tion of them. Father's horizon was not limited to his daily 
 tasks, his interest in the world's work remained keen. 
 
 Whatever pleasure associations with men afforded him 
 throughout the years, none ranked in his mind with the class 
 of '70. The inspiration and blessing father enjoyed in this 
 relation has been shared by his whole family. We are grate- 
 ful to the old friends of '70. 
 
 Faithfully, 
 
 JESSIE WING OLNEY. 
 
 The following item appeared in the Luddington Daily News 
 of November 20, 1920: 
 
 Mr. Wing's first work in Ludington was in the employ of 
 the United States government. He was an inspector of dock 
 building. Following this he began the practice of his pro- 
 fession in the law. On July 1, 1875, he was appointed judge 
 of probate for Mason county by Governor Bagley of Michi- 
 gan. 
 
 To give Ludington an abundant supply of pure drinking 
 water was Mr. Wing's early ambition. He bought control 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 251 
 
 of the company operating water works and devoted months in 
 studying the problem on which he says the development of 
 his adopted city rested. The fruition of his plans gave Lud- 
 ington pure water and a system that has stood the test of a 
 quarter of a century. 
 
 Seeing the need of additional banking facilities, Mr. Wing 
 associated himself with other men of means and established 
 the Ludington State bank. He served continuously as its 
 president until the present day. 
 
 Some eight years ago, realizing that a strongly financed, 
 well conducted daily newspaper was essential to progress in 
 Mason county, Mr. Wing put money behind The Daily News 
 and eventually was compelled to take it over and operate it. 
 At great personal sacrifice, he invested thousands of dollars 
 to procure equipment to make possible the production of a 
 paper worthy of Ludington. His friends (some of them) said 
 he had gone too far "to make it pay." But his was the clear 
 vision. As with the water works, so with the paper he 
 bought the best, so that dependable service could be given. 
 
 In April, 1915, upon the arrival of the present manager, Mr. 
 Wing devoted his personal attention to the local publication. 
 With jealous care he prepared his editorial matter. This he 
 made a serious business. His aim was to set before the peo- 
 ple of Mason county right ideals and to provide for his readers 
 a liberal education. 
 
 For more than a year Mr. Wing had been engaged in writ- 
 ing a historical sketch, "Mason County a Tale of Early 
 Times." His story started with the year 1855. The scanti- 
 ness of records made his task an arduous one. Only yesterday 
 he wrote the concluding paragraphs for the last installment 
 to appear next Monday. He proposed to finish the work dur- 
 
252 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 ing his vacation in California this winter and resume publi- 
 cation of the installments upon his return next spring. 
 
 THOMAS WYLIE, A. B. 
 
 Born at Martin, Mich., December 25, 1847 Died at Martin, 
 Mich., April 3, 1877. 
 
 He prepared for the ministry, but in February, 1876, he 
 was caught in a cold rain storm and got a severe chill from 
 which he could not recover. He lingered along many months, 
 but his struggle was in vain. He was obliged to yield up his 
 life in April, 1877. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIKXCK AND ARTS 253 
 
 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 No one hears the door that opens 
 
 When they pass beyond our call; 
 Soft as loosened leaves of roses 
 
 One by one our loved ones fall. 
 
 John William Johnson, 
 
 January 8, 1870. 
 Julius Abiram Blackburn, 
 
 February 23, 1847. April 25, 1870 
 
 Thomas Wylie, 
 December 25, 1847. April 3, 1877 
 
 George Throop Campau, 
 July 29, 1847. February 5, 1879 
 
 James Alfred Hayward, 
 September 12, 1849. August 12, 1880 
 
 Charles Ballenger, 
 September 28, 1846. March 13, 1881 
 
 Judson Slatford Bird, 
 October 9, 1846. March 19, 1882 
 
 Thomas Harper Bush, 
 April 3, 1847, March 29, 1887 
 
 Otis Erastus Haven, 
 July 27, 1849. February 3, 1888 
 
 Peter Voorheis, 
 September 11, 1843. December 17, 1890 
 
 Albert William Weisbrod, 
 October 4, 1851. April 18, 1892 
 
 Vincent Smith Lovell, 
 May 2, 1845. December 7, 1892 
 
 William Thomas Emerson, 
 July 23, 1848. August 29, 1897, 
 
254 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Frank Howard Howe, 
 May 10, 1850. December 29, 1S97. 
 
 Patrick Henry Bumpus, 
 January 21, 1841. February 18, 1S98. 
 
 Warren Chaffee Willits, 
 July 9, 1847. October 30, 1901. 
 
 John Loveland Culley, 
 October 11, 1847. February 5, 1902. 
 
 Marcus Baker, 
 September 28, 1849. December 12, 1903. 
 
 Alexander Thomson, 
 May 2, 1844. December 28, 1904. 
 
 Arthur Clark Adams, 
 April 14, 1847. December 31, 1904. 
 
 Francis Wayland Jones, 
 August 23, 1849. January 8, 1905. 
 
 Charles Manley Wells, 
 October 23, 1842. February 24, 1905. 
 
 Eugene Ketchum, 
 April 13, 1840. November 16, 1900. 
 
 Michael Alexander MeyendorfT, 
 December 3, 1849. February 7, 190S. 
 
 William Lorenzo Penfield, 
 April 2, 1846. May 9, 1909 
 
 Robert Newton Fearon, 
 March 14, 1839. January 18, 1910. 
 
 . Harlow Palmer Davock, 
 March 11, 1848. August 30, 1910. 
 
 Oliver Hart Wattles, 
 January 29, 1850. March 23, 1911. 
 
 Charles Francis Burton, 
 November 8, 1849. October 5, 1911. 
 
DEPARTMENT or LITERATURE, SCIENCE AXI> ARTS 255 
 
 Thomas Chalmers Christy, 
 October 18, 1846. December 17, 1913. 
 
 Alfred Noble, 
 August 7, 1844. April 19, 1914. 
 
 James Fisher Tweedy, 
 March 20, 1849. December 21, 1914. 
 
 William Freeman Matthews, 
 October 31, 1849. June 5, 1915. 
 
 Milo Elijah Marsh, 
 November 16, 1847. February' 5, 1916. 
 
 Achilles Finley, 
 May 15, 1843. May 15, 1916. 
 
 Franklin Bradley, 
 June 4, 1845. May 22, 1916. 
 
 Oscar James Campbell, 
 April 27, 1846. June 17, 1917. 
 
 Rufus Hill Thayer, 
 June 29, 1849. July 12, 1917. 
 
 Charles Phelps Gilbert, 
 March 16, 1846. October 1, 1917. 
 
 James Harrison Blanchard, 
 December 6, 1846. January 24, 1918. 
 
 Charles Keene Dodge, 
 April 26, 1844. March 22, 1918. 
 
 Frank Gunnison, 
 February 2, 1848. April 23, 1919. 
 
 Henry Graves Bennett, 
 September 6, 1846. - 1919 
 
 Aaron Perry, 
 November 11, 1848. February 12, 1920. 
 
 Maxwell Addison Phillips, 
 May 13, 1841. May 5, 1920. 
 
256 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Charles Gordon Wing, 
 January 21, 1846. November 12, 1920. 
 
 Morris Bishop Foster, 
 January 15, 1843. February 10, 1921. 
 
 George Washington Allyn, 
 November 28, 1845. February 26, 1921. 
 
 Owen Edgar LeFevre, 
 August 6, 1848. March 28, 1921. 
 
 Charles Rudolphus Whitman, 
 October 4, 1847. April 2, 1921. 
 
 William James Waters, 
 September 10, 1841. Date of death unknown. 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 The grim reaper, in the last half-century carried off ten of 
 our dear ones in the month of February, eight in December, 
 six in March, six in April, four in January, four in May, three 
 in August, three in October, two in June, two in November 
 and one in July. September proved to be our best friend, 
 not permitting death to enter our ranks once during the entire 
 stretch of fifty years. All hail to the glorious month of Sep- 
 tember ! 
 
 Our two class boys, Walter Sylvester Ballinger and Harley 
 Corson Winchell are successfully engaged in business, the 
 former in Indianapolis, and the latter in Chicago. 
 
 We reproduce in this book half-tone pictures of the group 
 photographs taken at our reunions in 1905, 1910 and 1915, re- 
 spectively ; the one taken in 1920 was not clear enough to be 
 reproduced, so as to be distinguishable. 
 
 Finley died on his birthday at the age of seventy-three years. 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 257 
 
258 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 CLASS MEETINGS. 
 
 It has been a custom of our Class to celebrate a reunion at 
 the University every fifth year, with a banquet. This has 
 given opportunity to re-visit old friends, observe changes on 
 the campus by construction of new buildings, tearing down of 
 old ones, and changes in and around the city of Ann Arbor. 
 These attractions in addition to the desire to see and greet the 
 "boys" once more have always been sufficient to bring to- 
 gether a goodly number, once in five years, without any great 
 effort being made. 
 
 In addition to these regular gatherings we have had num- 
 erous local impromptu meetings in various parts of the coun- 
 try, whenever circumstances were favorable, whether the num- 
 ber at the meeting might be small or large. Such was our 
 meeting at St. Louis, in 1904, at the time of the World's Fair. 
 The Secretary saw an opportunity to have a meeting of sev- 
 eral members and their families while visiting the Fair, by 
 fixing a time and place of meeting, and sending out a circular 
 giving information as to the time and place. This was done, 
 "Michigan Day" being the time, and "Michigan State Build- 
 ing" the place. It turned out to be a success. When the time 
 arrived we found twenty-three present wearing our college 
 colors, which had been provided in advance for the occasion. 
 The following responded to the roll call : Bradley ; Darrow, 
 wife and son ; Moore, wife and two daughters ; Bowman ; 
 Baldwin, A. E. ; Allyn and wife ; Fearon, wife and two daugh- 
 ters ; Wells ; LeFevre and wife ; Price and son ; Stevens ; and 
 Carter. After recovering from the surprise of finding so large 
 a number present, we were treated to two more surprises: 
 One was that, it being "Michigan Day," the Secretary of the 
 Exposition, University of Michigan Alumnus a Class of '70 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE,, SCIENCE AND ARTS 259 
 
 man our own Stevens, had been selected to make the address 
 to the public on that day, and "the University of Michigan" 
 was to be the subject of the address and an excellent address 
 it was. The other surprise was an invitation to the "Class 
 of '70, University of Michigan, with their wives, sons and 
 daughters," from Walter B. Stevens, to a six o'clock dinner, 
 that evening, on the second floor of the West Pavillion. We 
 were all there at the appointed time and place, to greet our 
 gracious host and partake of a delicious dinner. 
 
 It would be difficult to imagine a prouder set of alumni than 
 we were at that time, guests of a fellow alumnus, the Secre- 
 tary of the World's Fair, partaking of his bounty on an upper 
 pavillion of one of its mammoth buildings, towering above 
 the clouds, from whose dizzy heights we were enjoying a 
 bird's eye view of, what seemed to us, a scene of unparalleled 
 magnificence and grandeur. We were grateful indeed for the 
 pleasures of that day, never to be forgotten by those of '70, 
 who were there. Our host received us very cordially and, in 
 an after dinner talk, related an amusing incident of a noted 
 foreigner, a balloonist, who had entered the list in a contest 
 for a prize which had been advertised for some weeks to 
 come off that day. It seems this "famous" foreigner was 
 seen coming from the hangar where his balloon was housed 
 just before the contest was to begin, his countenance the pic- 
 ture of dispair, his tears flowing copiously, and he complaining 
 bitterly that some enemy, rival, or evil disposed person had 
 been there in his absence and cut a slit in his balloon, so that 
 he could not use it in the race. On examination, sure enough 
 there was a slit in the balloon, the only question was, whose 
 knife cut it. 
 
 An impromptu gathering took place in Chicago, August 4, 
 1904, on the occasion of a short sojourn there by Wells, from 
 
260 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 Los Angeles. The meeting- consisted of Dawson, Darrow, 
 Matthews, Tindall, Winchell, Whitman and Wells. An ac- 
 count of it is related by Wells in a letter to the Secretary 
 printed herein. 
 
 At our regular reunion at the University, June 21, 1905, 
 there were present : Bates ; Beman, wife and daughter ; Boss 
 and wife ; Burton ; Campbell, wife, daughter and son ; Carter 
 and wife ; Dawson and wife ; Davock ; Day, wife and son ; 
 Dodge and wife ; Noble ; Olds and wife ; Perry ; Whitman ; 
 Wing; Allyn ; Darrow; Moore and son, and Brown, at whose 
 residence we met. The names of a few additional members 
 of our families present escaped the Secretary. 
 
 It was on this occasion that the Class highly honored the 
 Secretary by presenting to him, through Justice William R. 
 Day, a very beautiful silver service, bearing the seal of the 
 University of Michigan. This choice gift was greatly ap- 
 preciated and prized by the Secretary and for which he has 
 ever since felt grateful to the donors. Mrs. Carter has shared 
 in this feeling, and has kept the service shined up to a dazzling 
 brightness, constantly in readiness for use, whenever a mem- 
 ber of '70 favors us with a call. 
 
 Our next reunion was celebrated at Ann Arbor, June 29, 
 1910. There were present: Barlow and wife; Bates; Beman, 
 wife and son ; Boss and wife ; Bradley and wife ; Brown ; Bur- 
 ton ; Allyn ; Campbell ; Carter, wife and daughter ; Dawson 
 and wife ; Davock ; Dodge and wife ; Darrow ; Errett ; French ; 
 Kintner and wife; Matthews; Noble; Olds; Perry; Price and 
 son; Ripley, wife, daughter and son; Wing; and Williams. 
 Professor M. L. D'Ooge and Ezra Rust were our guests on 
 this occasion. By the kind and generous invitation of Pro- 
 fessor and Mrs. Beman we had the great pleasure of being 
 
DEPARTMENT OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE AND ARTS 261 
 
 received and entertained with a banquet at their attractive 
 residence, 913 East Kinglsey Street. 
 
 In February, 1911, as you all remember, Mr. Justice Wil- 
 liam R. Day, was given a very cordial public reception in 
 New York City, by more than a thousand of Michigan alumni 
 in which many of the members of the Class of '70 participated. 
 This afforded the Class of '70 an extra opportunity of getting 
 together under special circumstances, and of having a delight- 
 ful meeting with their old Classmate, the guest of the eve- 
 ning. The great reception was enjoyed by all present. 
 
 We held our regular reunion at the University in June, 
 1915. We had seated around the banquet table: Barlow; 
 Bates ; Beman and wife ; Boss and wife ; Campbell ; Carter, 
 wife and son ; Darrow ; Dawson and wife ; Dodge and wife ; 
 French and daughter; Hyde; Kintner and wife; LeFevre ; 
 Price ; Ripley ; Stevens ; Whitman and Wing and wife. The 
 Class was indebted to Professor and Mrs. Beman for this very 
 enjoyable banquet. Its sociable feature was specially attrac- 
 tive, the company lingering late, being loathe to separate. The 
 Class decided to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary by making 
 our head-quarters and our having our banquet at the Michi- 
 gan Union. The place was engaged and the members notified 
 months in advance in order that all might secure rooms and 
 be located near each other. This proved to be wise, for if the 
 weather was stormy or uncomfortably warm we could keep 
 up our visiting without going outside of the building. We 
 met every day and frequently had our meals together, and by 
 speaking in advance we could have a private table reserved 
 for us. There were present: Allyn ; Barlow and wife; Bates; 
 Beman ; Boss ; Carter and wife ; Cooley and wife ; Dawson 
 and wife ; Darrow ; Fleming ; Ferguson ; French ; Rowland ; 
 Hyde; Olds: Price; Ripley; Schock; Swift; Wing; Mrs. W. 
 
262 CLASS OF '70, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 
 
 L. Smith of Detroit, daughter of Classmate Alarsh, deceased 
 and Frederick C. Noble, of New York City, son of Classmate 
 Noble, deceased. We had a banquet room to ourselves. After 
 the banquet was disposed of, the intellectual feast was en- 
 joyed. Interesting informal talks were made by most of those 
 present particularly by Schock, Ferguson, Fleming, Ripley, 
 Swift and Frederick C. Noble. Letters of regret were read 
 from several members who were unable to be present. The 
 Class adoptd a resolution of regret that Kintner, although re- 
 siding in Ann Arbor, was too ill to attend the banquet, and 
 in consequence Mrs. Kintner was also detained. A vote of 
 sympathy was passed. The usual singing of the old college 
 songs filled up the intervals in the program. This was ren- 
 dered enjoyable by the foresight of Dawson, who had supplied 
 typewritten copies, sufficient for all, of the old songs we sang 
 in the long ago. He took charge of the music in his usual 
 masterly way. It was at this meeting that the Class author- 
 ized the publishing of this present volume. Before separating 
 we resolved to have our banquet in 1925, at the Michigan 
 Union. 
 
 It is a matter of regret that the group photograph of the 
 Class taken on this occasion turned out to be a failure, some 
 of the faces being blurred and so dim as to be undistinguish- 
 able. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Adams, Arthur Clark 20, 31, 32, 37, 117, 221 
 
 Adams, Louis W 32 
 
 Allyn, Mrs. Fannie (widow of George W.) 32, 258 
 
 Allyn, George Washington 5, 25, 32, 33, 260, 261; prt., front, 96 
 
 Ann Arbor 13, 14, 46, 221, 258 
 
 Bagley, Governor of Michigan 250 
 
 Baird, Mrs. Harry M. (nee Corinne V. Errett) 95 
 
 Baker, Mrs. Arthur D. (nee Edith Cooley) 70 
 
 Baker, Marcus 29, 37, 86, 94, 221 
 
 Baldwin, John Albert 37, 38, 39, 55, 111, 217, 218 
 
 Ballenger, Charles 39, 40, 90, 92, 235 
 
 Ballenger, Walter Sylvester 52, 53, 57, 72 
 
 Barlow, Henry Hoyt 40, 260, 261; prt., 96, 257 
 
 Barlow, Mrs. Henry H 260, 261 ; prt., 96 
 
 Bates, George William 41, 53, 55, 76, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Bellamy, Mrs. Harry E. (nee Eva Frederica Le Fevre)..124, 127, 128 
 
 Beman, Ralph (son of Wooster W.) 260; prt., front 
 
 Beman, Miss Winifred E. (daughter of Wooster W.)..260; prt., front 
 Beman, Wooster Woodruff 
 
 41, 42, 108, 111, 214, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Beman, Airs. Wooster W. .. ..42, 111, 214, 260, 261; prt., front, 96 
 
 Bennett, Henry G 67, 68 
 
 Bird, Miss Cora (sister of Judson S.) , 43 
 
 Bird, Miss Jennie L. ('sister of Judson S.) 44 
 
 Bird, Judson Slatford 43, 53, 77, 90, 115, 116, 139, 181 
 
 Bird, Mrs. Mary E. (widow of Judson S.) 43 
 
 Blackburn, Julius A 14, 44, 45, 180 
 
 Blanchard, James Harrison , 46, 47, 55, 68, 217 
 
 Boss, Alward (son of Ola -once M.).. 49 
 
 Boss, Clarence Morton 47, 128, 129, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Boss, Mrs. Clarence M , 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Boss, Miss Mary Agnes (daughter of Clarence M.) 49 
 
 Bradley, Franklin 50, 51, 209, 260; prt., 96 
 
 Bradley, Mrs. Franklin 260; prt., 96 
 
 BumpU'S, Patrick Henry 53, 54, 90, 91, 93, 221 
 
 Burton, Charles Francis 54. 55, 260; prt., front, 96 
 
 Burton, Miss Ethel (daughter of Charles F.) 54 
 
 Burton, Mrs. Martha (widow of Charles F.) 54 
 
 Bush, Thomas Harper 52, 53, 128 
 
 Campau, George Throup 55, 56, 77, 204 
 
 Campau, Mrs. Mary (widow of George T.) 57 
 
 Campau, Montgomery (son of George T.) 57 
 
 Campau, Woolsey ('son of George T.) 57 
 
 Campbell, Charles Fuller 58, 59 
 
 Campbell, Mrs. I. R. (daughter of S. R. Winchell) 246 
 
 Campbell, Oscar James 
 
 57, 58, 77, 226, 248, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Campbell, Mrs. Oscar J 260 ; prt., front 
 
 Campbell, Oscar James, Jr 58, 59 
 
ii INDEX 
 
 Carter, Charles E, (son of Charles S.) 60, 64, 261; prt., 257 
 
 Carter, Charles S. 
 
 24. 25, 52, 58, 60, 66, 69, 88, 92, 94, 1)7. 1:21, 131, 135, 145. 102. 209, 220, 
 223, 224, 226, 238, 239, 240. :M3, 250, 258, 260. 201 : prt., front. M5, 257 
 Carter. Mrs. 'Charles S.. .62, o:i. 70. 2:27, 240. 260, 201; prt., front. 90, 257 
 Carter, Miss Lillian M. (daughter of Charles S.) 
 
 60, (52. 03. (54, 200; prt., 90 
 
 Chandler, Mrs. George M. (nee Cooley) 70 
 
 Christy, Mrs. Rebecca K. (widow of Thomas C.) 69 
 
 Christy, Thomas Chalmers 65, (50. (57 
 
 Class Books 17 
 
 Class 13, 14, 18, 25, 29, 55, 58, 94, 153, 209, 221, 258, 262 
 
 Class Boy 39, 256 
 
 Class Letter. .29, 31, 37, 38, 39, 43, 44, 46, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 65. 72. 76, 89, 
 90, 92, 97, 109, 110, 113, 114, 117, 119, 128, 135, 137, 138, 220, 228, 237 
 
 Class Majority 8, 11, 16 
 
 Class Meetings 258, 260, 261 
 
 Classmates of Seventy .8, 9, 13, 18, 25, 55, 94, 123 
 
 Cleveland, President Grover 156 
 
 Cooley, David H. (son of Eugene E.) 71 
 
 Cooley, Edgar L. ('son of Eugene E.) 70 
 
 Cooley, Eugene E 14, 69, 261 
 
 Cooley, Mrs. Eugene E 261 
 
 Cooley, Frank (son of Eugene E.) 70 
 
 Culley, John Loveland .72, 77, 139 
 
 Darrow, Edward Everett 
 
 7, 69. 73, 84, 103. 129, 209, 238, 239, 249, 260, 261; prt, 96, 257 
 
 Darrow, Mrs. Edward E 74, 84, 258 
 
 Davock, Clarence W. (son of Harlow P.) 80, 81 
 
 Davock, Harlow Noble (son of Harlow P.) 80 
 
 Davock, Harlow Palmer. .72, 75, 76, 77, 80, 110, 139, 260; prt., front, 96 
 Dawson, George E. 
 
 14, 81, 129, 131, 238, 839, 249, 260, 261; prt., front, 257 
 
 Dawson, Mrs. George E 83, 260, 261; prt., front. 257 
 
 Dawson, Manierre (son of George E.) 81 
 
 Dawson, Mitchell (son of George E.) 81, 82 
 
 Day, Luther (son of Justice William R.) 88 
 
 Day, Rufus (son of Justice William R.) 88 
 
 Day, Stephen (son of Justice William R.) 88 
 
 Day, William L. (son of Justice William R.) 88 
 
 Day, Justice William Rufus 
 
 58, 77, 86, 87, 89/131, 163, 177, 178, 228, 260; prt , front 
 
 Day, Mrs. William R 87, 88. 260; prt., front 
 
 Dodge, Charles Keene ...89, 90, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Dodge, Mrs. Charles K 90, 260, 261; prt, front, 96, 257 
 
 Earle, Mrs. L. H. (nee Jennie Gilbert) Ill 
 
 Edwards, Charles S 92, 93 
 
 Edwards, Mrs. S. F. ( : nee Mabel Wing) 248 
 
 Emerson, Mrs. Elizn (mother of William Thomas) 91 
 
 Emerson, William Thomas 90, 91 
 
 Errett, Henry T. (son of Russell) 95 
 
 Errett, John P. (son of Russell) <ir> 
 
 Errett, Russell 94, 2fiO; prt., 96 
 
 Fearon, Robert Newton 93, 97, 98, 209; prt., front 
 
INDEX lii 
 
 Fearon, Mrs. Robert N 98, 258 
 
 Ferguson, Luther Elliott 100, 261 
 
 Fifty Years After and Thereafter 7 
 
 Finley, Achilles 102, 110, 129 
 
 Fleming, Edwin 5:5. <!(). 10:3. UK!, 1 :>'.), 204, 220, 221, 261, 262 
 
 Foster, Dr. Bainbridge W. (son of Morris B.) 1 07 
 
 Foster, Morris Bishop 5, 25, 93, 104, 105, 129 
 
 Foster, Robert M. (son of Morris B.) 107 
 
 Foster, Thomas I. (son of Morris B.) . . 107 
 
 French, Miss Anna Rood (daughter of George J.) 251; prt., 257 
 
 French, George Jay 107, 108, 260, 261; prt., 96, 257 
 
 Gaines, Mrs. E. C. (nee Aclele F. Foster) 107 
 
 Gates of Pearl 17 
 
 General Secretary of the Class 24, 25 
 
 Gilbert, Charles P 72, 77, 90, 109, 111, 139, 217 
 
 Gilbert, Mrs. Charles P Ill 
 
 Gillillan, Mrs Emory (nee Jean Campbell) 59 
 
 Gunnison, Frank Ill, 112 
 
 Harrington, Mrs. Charles W. (nee Blanche Winifred Marsh) ... .136 
 
 Harrington, Mrs. William Austin ('nee Meirabell L. Marsh) 136 
 
 Haven, Otis Erastus 66, 113, 114 
 
 Hayward, James Alfred , 114, 116, 117, 230 
 
 Howe, Frank Howard 117, 118, 221 
 
 Howland. John Collins 55, U7, 261 
 
 Hukill, Mrs. Emory G. (daughter of Oscar J. Campbell) 59, 260 
 
 Hyde, Clarence (son of Washington) 119 
 
 Hyde, Edward (son of Washington) 119 
 
 Hyde, Washington 72, 77, 118, 261 ; prt., 257 
 
 In Memoriam - 253 
 
 Jones, Francis Wayland 46, 119, 120, 121, 128, 130 
 
 Keeper of the Book 24 
 
 Kessler, Mrs. Adaline C. (nee Cooley) 71 
 
 Ketchum, Edith L. (daughter of Eugene) 122 
 
 Ketchum, Eugene 121, 122, 129 
 
 Kintner, Charles J 108. 122, 260, 261, 262; prt., 96, 257 
 
 Kintner, Mrs. Charles J 123, 260, 261, 262; prt., 96, 257 
 
 Last Survivor 6, 9, 21, 24 
 
 Le Fevre, Owen Edgar 
 
 5, 25. 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 209, 258, 261; prt., 257 
 
 Le Fevre, Mrs. Owen E 124, 126, 127, 128, 227, 258 
 
 Life's the coming one 10, 11 
 
 Lovell, Vincent Smith 103, 128, 129, 204 
 
 Lovell, Mrs. Vincent S 129 
 
 McAlvay, Mrs Carl E (nee Eva Cooley) 70 
 
 McKibbier, Mrs. Frank B. (nee Elizabeth Cooley). 70 
 
 McKinley, President William 157, 178 
 
 Maltman, John Scott 46, 120, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 218 
 
 Maltman, John, Jr. (son of John S.) 134 
 
 Marsh, Milo Elijah 77, 135 
 
 Matthews, Mrs. Emma A. (widow of William F.) 138 
 
iv INDEX 
 
 Matthews, William Freeman 109, 137, 231, 238, 239, 260; prt., 96. 
 
 Memorial Hall 16 
 
 Meyendorff. Michael A.. 72, 77, 110, 118, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 221 
 
 Michigan Union 5, 13, :>i;i. r.'iirj 
 
 Mickle, George Washington 43, 53, 90, 116, 129, 144, 181, 203 
 
 Moses, Bernard 52, 129, 145-153, 204, 228 
 
 Noble, Alfred. .77. 91, 110, 116, 139, 154-168, 171, 227, 228, 260; prt., front 
 
 Noble, Frederick C. (-son of Alfred) :><>: 
 
 Nydia 14, 15 
 
 Olds, Clark 169, 170, 171, 260; prt., front, 96 
 
 Olds, Mrs. Clark 260; prt., front 
 
 Olds, Irving S. ('son of Clark) 171 
 
 Olney, Mrs. F. B. (nee Jessie Wing) 248, 250 
 
 Our Class Letter 29 
 
 Pedrick, Isaac H 66, 67, 68, 82 
 
 Penfield, Miss Blanche (daughter of William L.) 175 
 
 Penfield, Walter Scott (son of William L.) 175 
 
 Penfield, William Lorenzo 86, 173-180, 228 
 
 Penfield, Mrs. William L 175 
 
 Pennington, Darius Comstock 171, 172, 173 
 
 Perry, Aaron 110, 180, 181, 182, 183, 260; prt., 96 
 
 Perry, Mrs. Aaron 1 85 
 
 Perry, Stuart H. (son of Aaron) 1 82, 185, 1 8*1 
 
 Phillips, Maxwell 186, 187, 188 
 
 Plump, Mr*. Eric (nee Adams) 32 
 
 Price, C. B. (son of Samuel B.) 188, 258 
 
 Price, J. H. (son of Samuel B.) 188, 260 
 
 Price, Samuel B 77, 188, 209, 258, 260, 261 ; prt., 96, 257 
 
 Ripley, Birch (son of Henry C.) 195, 199 
 
 Ripley, Henry Clay 
 
 53. 115, 116, 189-199, 235, 260. 261, 262; prt, 96, 257 
 
 Ripley, Mrs. Henry C 192, 194, 195, 199, 260; prt., 96 
 
 Ripley, Herbert (son of Henry C.) 199 
 
 Ripley, Loraine (daughter of Henry C.)....194, 195, 199, 260: prt, 96 
 
 Ripley, Racine ('son of Henry C.) 192, 194, 195, 199, 260; prt., 96 
 
 Roosevelt, President Theodore. .140, 141, 142, 158, 178, 218, 219, 222, 228 
 
 Schock, William Henry 199-203, 261 
 
 Secretary of the Class 5, 24, 25 
 
 Slifer, Mrs. Roy (nee Hallie M. Errett) 95 
 
 Smith, Mrs. Willis Lee (nee Myrtie Amont Marsh) 136, 262 
 
 Stebbins, Mrs. W. J. (daughter of S. R Winchell) 246 
 
 Stevens, Walter Barlow 77, 203-214, 259, 261 ; prt.. 257 
 
 Stocking, Leonard Emiah 214-218 
 
 Swift, Lucius Burrie 218, 219, 220, 261, 262 
 
 Taft, Ex-President William Howard 146, 161 
 
 Thayer, Rnfus Hildreth 103, 117, 124, 220-228 
 
 Thomson, Alexander 228 
 
 Thomson, Mrs. Alexander 229 
 
 Timlnll, Orlando Lafayette 230-232, 238, 239, 245, 260 
 
 Tindall, Mrs. Orlando L ..231 
 
INDEX v 
 
 Tweedy, Arthur (son of James F.) 234 
 
 Tweedy, James B. (son of James F.) 234 
 
 Tweedy, James Fisher 53, 227, 233 
 
 Tweedy, Mrs. James F 234 
 
 Tweedy, Richard (son of James F.) 234 
 
 Tyler, Moses Coit 204, 205 
 
 University 16 
 
 Voorheis, Peter 234, 235 
 
 Waters, William James 43, 53, 115, 236 
 
 Wattles, Oliver Hart 236 
 
 Weisbrod, Albert William 237 
 
 Wells, Charles Manley 46, 66, 130, 181, 217, 237-242, 247, 260 
 
 Wells, Mrs. Charles M 238, 240 
 
 Wells, F. B. (son of Charles M.) 240 
 
 Wells, George R. (son of Charles M.) 240 
 
 Wells, L. C. (son of Charles M.) 240 
 
 Westfall, Mrs. K. G. (nee Bird) 43 
 
 Whitman, Bayard J. (son of Charles R.) 242 
 
 Whitman, Charles Rudolphus 
 
 5, 25, 108, 131, 238. 239, 242, 243, 260, 261; prt., front, 257 
 
 Whitman, Lloyd C. (son of Charles R) 242 
 
 Whitman, Roland D. (son of Charles R.) 242 
 
 Whitman. Ross C. (son of Charles R.) 242 
 
 Willits, Warren Chaffee 115, 244 
 
 Winchell, Harley Corson (son of S. R.) 53, 57, 72, 246 
 
 Winchell Samuel Robertson . .52, 77, 92, 232, 235, 238, 239, 244, 247, 260 
 
 Winchell, Mrs. Samuel R 245, 246, 247 
 
 Wing, Miss Alice (daughter of Charles G.) 248 
 
 Wing, Charles (son of Charles G.) 248 
 
 Wing, Charle-s Gordon 
 
 5 25, 90, 239, 247-252, 260, 261; prt., front, 96, 257 
 
 Wing, Mrs. Charles G 247, 261 ; prt., 257 
 
 Wing, Miss Ethelwjn (daughter of Charles G.) 248 
 
 Wing, Gordon P. (son of Charles G.) 248 
 
 Wing, Oril (daughter of Charles G.) 248 
 
 Wylie, Thomas 180, 252 
 
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