-Ma.inObleric. Dept. 
 

 UNIVERSITY 
 T H E -* OF 
 
 L CALIFORNIA 
 
 VINT 
 
 GUIDE, 
 
 Compiled by WILLIAM PHIPP8, 
 
 Secretary to the Fair Trading Vintners' Society aud Asylum 
 of the City of Dublin : 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 AS WELL FOR THE VIN'INER 
 
 AS FOR 
 
 THE BREWER, DISTILLER, 
 
 MERCHANT. 
 
 Dedicated to the Fair Trading \intnery* So-.-it- 1 } -dnd Asylum 
 Vt' the Ci-ty of , .'. 
 
 PRINTED AT THE 
 
 ROSCOMMON AND LEITRIM GAZE 
 NEWS-PAPER OFFICE,, 
 
 BY JOHN BBOMELL, B 
 
ain Tib, 
 
LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS, 
 
 oo 
 
 DUBLIN AND COUNTY OP DUBLIN. 
 
 Alley, William, Porter, Ale and Beer Brewery, 
 
 Townsend-street 4 copies. 
 
 Alley, John, A!e and Beer Brewery, 4, Adee street 
 Alien, Edward, Vintner and Coal Factor, 5| Lower 
 
 Liffey street. 
 Anderson, William, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 
 
 Ringsend. 
 
 Ay re, Darcy, Grocer & Spirit Merchant, Francis- 
 street. 
 
 B. 
 Byrne, James Edmund, Porter Brewery, Byrn's 
 
 Hi It 4 Copies, 
 
 Brereton, Thomas, Vintner, 1, Great Britain-street 
 Byrne, Walter, Vintner, 34, Thomas-street. 
 Brady, Patrick, Vintner, Anngier-street. 
 Brady, Htio-b, Vintner, Uppor Kevan-strpet. 
 Byrne, Patrick, Vintner, Old Church-street. 
 
 , Patrick. Vintner, Fleet-street & Wd- 
 
 iiu^ton Quav. 
 , Bryan, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, Great 
 
 Britain-street. 
 Branoran, Laurence, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 
 
 N. King-street, 
 
 A 2 
 
Behan, Nicholas, Vintner. 1 1 , Werburgb-street. 
 
 Uiffgfs. James, Vintner, 17, North Wall. 
 
 Byrne, Andrew, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 3, 
 
 S. King-street. 
 Bropby, Thomas, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 12, 
 
 Tboroas-streef. 
 
 Bed loir, John, Vintner. 1, Mountjoy Court, 
 Harden, Laurence, Vintner. 6, Swift's Row. 
 Bourke. John, Vinfner, 33, North Strand. 
 Byrne, Terence, Vintner, Grattan Court. 
 Byrne. James, Vintner, 40, Meath-street. 
 Breaken. Hugh, Vintner. 16, Mercer-street. 
 Brim, Henry, Vintner, 19, Peter street, 
 Bou'ger, Michael, Vintner. 36, High-street. 
 B fog-baa, Patrick,, Grocer, Spirit Merchant and 
 
 Vintner, 197, Great Britain-street, 
 Brett, John Henry, Grocer, Spirit and Wine Mer- 
 chant, 161, N. King: street 
 
 Bell, Samuel, Proprietor of Wicklow and W>xford 
 covered Cars, which start daily from Wiek- 
 \ow and VVexford, and from hU Tun, 
 49, Lower Kevan-street. 
 
 C. 
 
 Conlan, William, Edward and John, Porter and 
 
 Ale Brewery, West New Row 4 copies. 
 
 Connolly's & Soraers Porter Brewery, S. King- st. 
 
 4 Copies. 
 
 Caffrey, Patrick, Vintner, Dublin and Naas StasfQ 
 Car Office, with Livery Stables, 94> 
 J ana eg- street. 
 
 Cabiil, Michael, Vintner, Pbipsborongh Road. 
 Canlweli, Eleanor, Vintner, 77, Sir John's Quay. 
 Cdllaghan, Georjre, Vintner, Church-street. 
 Cdlian, James. Wine Meichant& Grocer, Baggot-st 
 Cfony, Patrick, Vintner, I Moor street. 
 Clark. John, Wine Merchant and Grocer, Henry -st. 
 Carrigan, Matthias, Rose Tavern, Donny brook. 
 Ciincby, Charles, of the Firm of Green & co. Wine 
 
 Merchants and Grocers, castle-street. 
 Corrigen, Hugh, Vintner, Charlemoaiit-street. 
 
Carroll, John, Vintner, 6, Wormwood Gate. 
 Courtney, John, Vintner, 45, Lower Liffey-slreef. 
 Clements, Peter, Vintner, 82, Meath-street, 
 Conolly & Farrel!, Grocers and Wine Merchants, 
 
 40, Great Britain-street. 
 Clarke, Thomas, Vintner, 7, George's Qaay. 
 Crawley, John, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 42, 
 
 Manor-street. 
 
 Col*raan, James, Vintner, 7, Anglesea-street. 
 Conolly, John, Vintner, 15, Ardee-street. 
 Conroy, John, Vintner, 20, Upper Oroaond Quay. 
 Carroll, Thomas, Grocer and Wine Merchant, 43, 
 
 Boiton-street. 
 
 Cox, Michael, Rectifying Distiller and Wine Mer- 
 chant, 12, Thomas-stieet. 2 copies. 
 Conran, William, Northern Porter and Spirit Stores 
 
 and Hotel Keeper, 55 Boiton-street. 
 Carolan, Patrick, Lineii Hall Hotel, 8, Bolton-st. 
 Cassidy, Edward, Vintner. 51, South King-street. 
 Casey, James/ Strong Aie and Beer Brewery, 
 
 Maynootb. 
 
 Casey, Walter, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 203, 
 Great Britain-street. 
 
 D. 
 
 Doyle, John, P. Merchant and Vinegar Manufac- 
 turer, Church-street, 2 copies. 
 Doody, Michael, Wine Merchant and Grocer, 
 
 Holies-street. 
 
 Donnyson, John, Vintner, 59, Barrack-street. 
 Doyle, Thomas, Vintner and Hotel Keeper, 8, 
 
 Stoney- Batter. 
 Donohoe, Patrick, Grocer and Seed Merchant, 71, 
 
 Thomas-street. 
 
 Doyle, Maurice, Grocer and Vintner, Meath-st. 
 Doliard, James, Spirit Merchant and Vintner, 
 
 Cork Hill. 
 Darcy, Patrick, Grocer and Wine Merchant,, Bag- 
 
 got-street. 
 Dollsrd, Thomas, Grocer .and Spirit Merchant^ 
 
 A 3 
 
Doyle. Michael, Grocer, Provision Merchant and 
 Vintner, Grinding Young, C!aubrazil-s'. 
 
 Davi?, William, Grocer, Tea, Wine and Spirit 
 Merchant. 131, Great Britain-street. 
 
 Darpy, John and Co., Porter Brewery, Usher-street, 
 4 Copies. 
 
 D;ircy & M 'Guinness, Beer Brewery, Usher-street, 
 
 Dawson, George, Tea Merchant and Grocer, 54, 
 Hifjhstreef. 
 
 D'inn, John, Vintner, North Wall. 
 
 Drake, Robert, Vintner. 105. Capel-Streef. 
 
 Drnrajroole, D^nis, Vintner, 24, Pill-Ian* 1 . 
 
 Dromraund, Terence, Vintner, 29, Pill lane 
 
 DonneSIv, James, Vintner, 87, James' Gate. 
 
 Brike, Margaret, Vintner, 28, Golden Lane. 
 
 Drake, John, Grocer and Spirit Meichant, 109, 
 Capel street. 
 
 Drake, Jan*, Grocer and Vintner, 125, Capel-sf. 
 
 D^mpsey. Daniel, Vintner, 49,Sou!h George-street 
 
 Dillon, Richard, Tobacconist, Grocer and Spirit 
 Merchant, 53, Thomas-street. 
 
 Dowling, John, Vintner and Spirit Merchant, 30, 
 Thomas-street. 
 
 Dunbar, Henry, Vintner, 71, A ungier street. 
 
 Dempster, Frederick, Quepn^s Head Hotel, and 
 Livery Stables, 25,Bride.street. There is a 
 Medicinal Spring attached to the concern, 
 of puch peculiar quality ns to cause the 
 evacuation of worms of different descrip- 
 tions from horses and other animals which 
 have been preserved, can be viewed and 
 further particulars known at the said Hotel. 
 
 Dehnour, Michael, Vintner, 13, Upper Exchange-st 
 E. 
 
 Eifp, John, Vintner, Henry street, 
 
 E^an, Charlps, Wine Merchant and Grocer, HO, 
 Stephen's Greon^ West. 
 
 Eg;;n, Thoma, \Vine Merchant and Grocer, 29, 
 North King-s!i-eet, 
 
( vii ) 
 
 Ennis, Thomas, Vintner, 3, Canal Plac0, James' -st. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fitzpatrick. Wiliiara, Vintner, 20, Duke-strept. 
 Flanagan, Mary, Proprietor, of the Dolphin 
 
 49 and 50 Essex street. 
 Flood, Michael, Vintner, 28. Grafton-streef. 
 Flanagan, Jamps, Grocer and Vintner, S. Georges- 
 street and Dame-Court. 
 
 Fox, Edward. Grocer & Wine Merchant. Dorset-st. 
 Fitzpatrick, Wiliiara, Vintner, 4, Gregg's Lane. 
 Farran, John, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 103, 
 
 Pill Lane. 
 
 Fearon, Joseph, Harrington, England. 
 Finn, Lawrence,. Porter and Ale Brewery, Bisbop- 
 
 street. 2 copies. 
 
 Farnan, Michael, Vintner, 69, Coonabe. 
 Flood, John, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 41, Great 
 
 Britain street. 
 
 Fox, Thomas, Vintner, 46, Francis-street. 
 Fowler, Pat, Grocer, Wine and Spirit Merchant, 
 
 1 8 and 1 9, New Church street. 
 Farrell, James, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, Pai- 
 
 raerstown. 
 Farrell, Richard, Grocer and general Merchant, 
 
 Maynootb. 
 
 G. 
 Guinness, A. B. & VV. L. & co. Porter Brevrerv, 
 
 James* Gate, I copies. 
 Gardener. Francis, Wine Merchant and Grocer, 
 
 North King street. 
 
 Gorman, Timothy. Vintner, Fissex Bridge. 
 Gorman, Patrick, Grocer and Vintner, Kevansporf, 
 Gorman, James, Grocer and Vintner, 27, Wine 
 
 Tavern street. 
 
 Gibliti, Thomas, Vintner, I, Park Gate street. 
 Gallagher, WiMiara, Vintner, 1 18, Thomas streef. 
 Gradv, Jannes, Vintner, Harcourt Place. 
 Geraghty, Peter, Virilner, 3 Long's Place G. Canal 
 
( viii ) 
 
 Gibson, John, Master of the Hibe, Harrington, 
 England. 
 
 Geraghfy, Peter, Vintner, 44, Golden Lane. 
 
 Gahan, Michael, Vintner, 31, Corn Market. 
 
 Gosson, John, Mail & Stage Coach Maker. & Pro- 
 prietor of tbeBalbriggan, Drogheda, Dan- 
 dalk. Newry and Belfast, Fair Trader 
 Coaches; also the Ardee. Castleblauey, 
 Monagnan, Omagb, and Derry Coaches, 
 and the Armagh, Saint Patrick Coach, 
 all of which are dispatched from London- 
 derry Hotel, 6 Bolton street. 
 
 Kanley, Michael, Vintner, 16', Townsend street. 
 
 Higgins, Bartholomew, Vintner. 102, Coonabe. 
 
 Hughes, Patrick, Vintner, 127, Coombe. 
 
 Hughes, Mary, Vintner and Grocer, L. Dorset st. 
 corner of Circular Road. 
 
 Hanway, Robert, Vintner and Victualler, 22, Cole's 
 Lane. 
 
 Hartford, Christopher, Vintner, 69, Up. Dorset-^t. 
 
 Hyland, Charles, Grocer & Spirit Merchant, Qn.st. 
 
 lloyne, Michael, Grocer & Vintner, 43, Gidn.Lane 
 
 Healy, John, Vintner, 2, Market street. 
 
 Healy, Daniel. Vintner, 34, Cork street. 
 
 H en nessy, James, Vintner, 6, BaggotCourf. 
 
 Hughes, John, Vintner Upper Dorset street. 
 
 Hanigan, Patrick, Vintner, 42, Golden Lane. 
 
 Hogan. J., Beer & Ale Brewery, 81, Exchequer.sf. 
 
 Heron, James. Portobello Hotel. The Grand 
 Canal Passage Boats sail from said Hotel 
 twice a day. 
 
 Horton, Ann, 31, L. Bridge street, Proprietress cu 
 the Old Brazen Head, Established as an 
 Inn, upwards of 200 years in the most 
 Commercial part of the City. 
 
 Hickey, Charles, Porter & Ale Brewery, N, Market. 
 /. 
 
 Johnston, Robert, Vintner, Richmond Barracks. 
 
 Joaes, Samuel, Vintner, 6, Duke street. 
 
Jameson, James, M. B. Lane, 2 copies, 
 K . 
 
 Kelly, Peter, Vintner, 20, Wood Quay. 
 
 King, Patrick, Vintner, Sackville street. 
 
 King, James, Vintner, 52, Dawson street. 
 
 King, John, Vintner, 165, N. King street. 
 
 Kane, William, Vintner, Park street'. 
 
 Kearns, James, Vintner, James street. 
 
 Kennedy. James, Vintner, Island Bridge. 
 
 Kiernan, Thomas, Vintner, 1,. Cuffe street. 
 
 Kiernan, Patrick, Vintner, 10& Capel street. 
 
 Kiernan, John, Vintner, 60, Great Britain-street. 
 
 Kavanegh, Felix, Vintner, 1, Lower Kevan-street. 
 
 Kenny, Owen, Vintner, 4, North Earl-street. 
 
 Keating, JoSin, Grocer and Vintner, 18 N.Market. 
 
 Keating, Michael. Vintner, 2, Old Church-street. 
 
 Kinahan, James, Grocer and Vintner, Church itree* 
 
 Kelly, Charles, P. Vintner and Coal Factor, City 
 Quay. 
 
 Kelly, Richard, Vintner, St. Michael 1 * hill. 
 
 Kearney, Patrick, Grocer and Vintner, Temple it. 
 
 Kearney, Patrick, and J. Lee, Grocers and Spirit 
 Merchants, 28, Bride street. 
 
 Kehoe, James, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 1, 
 Skinner Row. 
 
 Kinsella, James, Vintner, 46, Fleet street, 
 
 Kennedy, James, Vintner, 9, Little Britain itreet. 
 
 Kelly, Henry, Vintner, 1, Tawnsend street, 
 
 Kelly, Timothy, Vintner, 13, Crane street, 
 
 Kerrigan, Patrick, Tea, Wine, ard Spirit Mer- 
 chant, 96, Great Britain street. 
 
 Kelly, Messrs., Grocers, 153, Church sir*** 
 
 Kelly, Jame?, Vintner, 60, Gr^at Britain street. 
 
 Kennedy, Michael, Vintner, 17, Cross Poddle. 
 
 Keane, Peter, Grocer and Spirit Merchant Rings- 
 end, 
 
 L. 
 
 Lynch, Edmnnd, Vintner, 38, Coombe. 
 Lawler, Thomas, Vintner, Soulh Frederick street. 
 
Landy, Peter, Vintner, 58, Bridgefoot street. 
 Langan, John, Vintner, 28, North King street. 
 Laoabell, William, Vintner, 89, Barrack street. 
 Leonard, Matthevr, Grocer and Coal Merchant, 50, 
 
 Lower Dorset street. 
 
 Logan, Joseph, Vintner, 62, Barrack street. 
 Littledale, Thomas, Harrington. England, 
 Larken, James, Vintner, 27, George's Quay. 
 Leonard, Edward, Vintner, 180, Church street. 
 Lucy. Patrick, Vintner, 38, Church-street and N. 
 
 King street. 
 
 M. 
 Mandersand Powell, Porter Brewery, James street, 
 
 4 copies, 
 
 Mitchell, Joseph, Vintner, 72 Bride street. 
 Mahony, Alexander, Grocer Spirit Merchant and 
 
 Vintner, 37 and 38 Mary's Abbey, & 24 
 
 and 25 Patrick street 
 Madden. Wm. Vintner, 47 Arran Qoay, Shamrock 
 
 Tavern 
 
 M'Garry, Bernard, Vintner, Holies street 
 Matthews, Pat, Grocer & Vintner N. Church street 
 Mooney, Thomas, Vintner, Ringsend 
 M'Keirnan, Mary, Grocer& Vintner 13 Hay Market 
 M'Dermott, Roderick, Vintner and Hotel Keeper 
 
 Bonhara street 
 
 Magennis, Isaac, Vintner, Park gate street 
 Murphy, Edward, Vintner Townsend street 
 Maguire. Joseph, Vintner. 25 Nicholas street 
 Murphy, Ann, Vintner. Irish Town 
 Murphy, John, Grocer and Merchant, 62, Francis 
 
 street 
 Moore, George, Grocer and Merchant, 40, Francis 
 
 street 
 M'Entaggart, John, Grocer and Merchant 4, Lower 
 
 Dorset street. 
 M'Gloin, John, Grocer and Mercian!, 90, Great 
 
 Britain street 
 M'Kenna and Douglass, Grocers and Merchants, 
 
 Qaeeu street 
 
Molyneux, Pat, Grocer & Merchant, Meath street 
 Mullen, Mary, Hotel keeper, and Vintner, Yellow 
 
 Lion, Thomas street 
 Matthews, Thomas, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 
 
 Boltori street. 
 Merry, Richard, Vintner and Naas Stage-Car Office 
 
 69 Thomas street 
 
 Magowran, John, Vintner, Merrion row 
 Murphy, Patrick, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, Sum- 
 
 merhill 
 M'Cormick, James, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 
 
 Sackville street 
 
 Madden, John, Merchant, Dublin 
 Murphy, Patrick, Vintner, Abbey street 
 Mi ley, Robert, Vintner, 79, Thomas street 
 M'Guinnes?, William, Vintner 150, Church street 
 M'Conrt, Patrick, Vintner, with Livery Stables, 37 
 
 Stoneybatter 
 
 M'Manus, Henry, Vintner 81, Malborough street 
 Murphy, Thomas, Vintner, 38, Charles street 
 Maguire, James, Vintner, 14, Marrowbone lane 
 Murphy, Martin, Vintner and Coal Factor, 90f 
 
 Sir John's Quay 
 
 Magonran, Thomas, Vintner, 21, Little Maryst. 
 Merry, Martin, Pewlerer, Porter and Spirit Machine 
 
 Manufacturer, 30, Bride street 
 Maguire, Owen, Vintner, 13, Suffolk street 
 M'Dermott,. Stephen, Vintner, 32, N. King's street 
 MullaMy John, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 2, 
 
 Fishamble street 
 Murphy, John, Strong ale and Beer Brewery, 4, S. 
 
 Gloucester street 
 
 Magowran, Patrick, Vintner, 102 Francis street 
 M'Kally, Arthur, Grocer, Tea, Wine and Spirit 
 
 Merchant Lucan 
 
 Matthews, William, Vintner, 88 Malborough street 
 M'Guinness, Laurence, Grocer 39, Pemblico 
 Mikle, Robert, Vintner, City Quay 
 
 Thomas, Viatner, 13 Hammond Lane 
 
M'Dermott, atberine, Vintner, 18, Townsend s(. 
 M'DermoU. Freemason's Hall Tavern, 19, Daw- 
 son si reel 
 Mear, Daniel, Grocer, Vintner, and Chandler, 
 
 Leixlip. 
 
 M'Greevy, Edmund, Son Inn, Black all place, with 
 Livery Stables, Goods forwarded by care- 
 ful carriers to all parts of Ireland 
 Murphy, Dennis, Vintner, 96, Church street 
 M'Donnell, William, Proprietor of the Leinsfer 
 Arras Hotel, Maynooth, and a posting 
 Establishment in Moore Itne, Dublin. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nally, John, Vintner, 26, Moore street 
 Nugent, Michael, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 84, 
 
 Cork street 
 Nolan, Jame?, Grocrr and Spirit Merchant, 134, 
 
 Great Britain street 
 
 Nugent, William, Vintner, 28, Constitution Hiil 
 Now Ian, Michael, Vintner, 9, Trinity street 
 
 0. 
 
 CTGara, Farrell, Vintner, Horseman Row 
 O'Neill, Charles, Grocer and Vintner, Dolphins 
 
 Barn 
 
 O'Brien, William, Vintner, 1, Bishop street 
 Odliem, Richard, Vintner, Temple court 
 O'Brien, John, Vintner, 156, Francis street 
 O'Loghlin, Patrick, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 
 
 13, Dorset street 
 
 O'Neill, John, Vintner, 27, Bridge street 
 O^Connor, Laurence, Vintner, Balbriggan 
 O'Donnflll, Charles, Thomas, and Co, Distillery, 
 
 Leixlip. 
 Owens, Peter, Vintner, 32, Upper Liffey street 
 
 P. 
 
 Power, Jobn, Vintner, 65, Meath street 
 Palmer, Thomas, Vintner, 15, Crane lane 
 Phelan, Edmund, Grocer and Spirit Merchant, 45 
 Thomas street 
 
( xiii. ) 
 
 Phelan, R. Grocer & Spirit Merchant, 56, Pak.-st. 
 Pirn, James & Co, alo and beer brewerj-, City Quay. 
 Pilkington, John. Vintner, 2, South George Vstreet 
 Philip, Andrew Distillery, Bow-street 
 Power, John, Distillery, John-streef, 2 copies. 
 Parkinson, J. Grocer & Spirit Mercbt. IS, Abbey-rt, 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quin, John, Hotel, Bray proprietor, also of an 
 extensive carriage factory and of a posting 
 establishment, which ranks amongst the 
 first in Europe; also, an extensive additi- 
 onal posting establishment, 2, Lower 
 Pembroke-street, Dublin. 
 
 n. 
 
 Roy, J. flr co, porter, beer & n!e brevrery, N.Ann-st. 
 Reilly. Hugh, Grocer and Vintner, Cork-street 
 Rogers, A. Grocer & Wine Merchant, Bagot-st. 
 Redmond, Maurice, Grocer and Vintner, Henry-st. 
 Ryan, J. Grocer, Mercht. & Coal Factor, City quay 
 Rirkard, James, Vintner, 4, Pill Lane. 
 Reilly, Edward. Vintner, 19. Corn Market. 
 Reilly, Christopher. Vintner. 37, Jews-street. 
 Redmond, Michael, Vintner, I, Eccles street, 
 Ryder, William, Vintner, 47, George's Qany. 
 Roche, James, Grocer & Vintner, Annesley Bridge 
 Reilly, Miles, Wine Merchant and Vintner,' 2 1 and 
 
 92, Pill Lane, 4 copies. 
 
 Roe, G.& co. Distillery, 161, Thoraas-st, 2 copies 
 Redmond, John, Merchant, Ratbmines. 
 
 S. 
 
 Sweetman, M. Porter brewery, Francis conrt. 4, Cs. 
 Smyth, Charles, Wine Mercht. & Grocer, 36, Upper 
 
 Sackvilie-street 
 
 Smyth, A. Wine Mercht, & Grocer, Black-rock. 
 Smyth, Peter, V^ine Mercbt. & Grocer, Dame-st. 
 Smyth, G. Wine Mercbt. & Grocer, 123, Capel-t. 
 Smyth, John, Grocer and Vintner, 81, Bride-street. 
 Smyth, James, Vintner, 30, StephenVstreet. 
 Smyth ; Edmand ; Vintner, 26, North King-street 
 
 A A 
 
( xiv ) 
 
 Sroyth,B. Wine & Porter Mercht. 1, Bacbeloi's-wk. 
 Sowton, Wm. Cider JMercht. Devonshire-office, 
 
 Eden Quay, Dublin 
 
 Sheridan, Terence Vintner, 91, Great Britain-street 
 Sheridan, James, Vinfner, 8, Molesworth-street. 
 Slevin,.John, Vintner, Phipsborough Road. 
 :Sherry, Andrew, Vintner, 66, Mary's Lane 
 Smith, W. J. Spirit Factor, Little James 's-street 
 Stokes, William, Lucan Bridge Ian, Lucan 
 Savage, Patrick, Vintner, Celbridge, Leix?lip and 
 
 Lucan Siage Car Office, 1, Tighe street. 
 Savage, John, Vimner, '14, Qaeen-street 
 .Soiitb, John, Vintner, :33, Barrack-street 
 Smith, Patrick, Bishop-street Brewery. 
 Sinnott, Patrick, Vintner, 18, Caffe^ret'J. 
 
 r. 
 
 Thornton, R. Vintner, 6, L.Liffey-st & 59. Mary-st 
 Tbompon, R. Vintner & Provision stores, i?. Bridge 
 Taubman, J. Grocer & Spirit Mercht. 48, City quay. 
 Toole, Terence, Vintner, 2, South King 1 street 
 Toucher, Daniel, V 7 intner, 19, George's Quay 
 Tyrrell, John, Vintner, 37, Teiuple street 
 Thackaberry, Robert, Vintner^ 199, Gt. Britain st. 
 
 Vickars, Daniel, Vintner, 31, Kevan street, 
 
 tr. 
 
 Watkins& M'Nnlly, Porter Brewery, Adare-st. 4 C 
 \Vhitty, Jances, Vintner, Qaeen street 
 White', Philip, Vintner, 1, George's Quay 
 Woods, II. Grocer & Spirit JVIercbt. 61, Thomas-st 
 \Vard, William, Grocer, Tea, Wine and Spirit 
 Mercht, & Vintner, 15&16 Wine-tavern-st 
 Watkins, Philip, Vintner, 4, Bull Alley. 
 [The following names were received loo late for 
 
 classification.] 
 
 Acheson, Maria, Vintner, Glasnevin 
 Downes, Bartholomew, Vintner, Glasnevin 
 Lundy, James, Grocer & Vintner, 33 &31 New gt. 
 Meade, George, Vintner, 35 South New Row 
 
Healy, Jame?, Spine Dealer, & Grocer,. 11 New 
 
 Market, Coo m be 
 
 Burke, J;i me*, Vintner, 2 'Suffolk street 
 Bowyer, George, Grocer and Vintner, 2 i ; Bil!y- 
 
 bough Bridge 
 
 M'Carihy, Dennis, Canteen, R. Barracks 
 Macey, John. Vintner, 8 Georges Quay 
 Dempsy, Messrs., and son, Grocers and Merchant, - 
 
 St. Genres street' 
 
 M'Keon, Mrs. Vintner, Merrion Row 
 Mackeen. VVra., Vintner. Queen street 
 Ledvridge, Wm., Vintner, 2 Phipsborough roaJ* 
 Waldrit-k, Mrs., Vintner, Irish Town 
 Ryan, Richard, Vintner, 3 Wentowrth place 
 
 DROGHEDA. 
 
 Brady, D:mrel, Grocer and Spirit Morcht. We?f-s f , 
 Barran, Patrick, Vintner Victualler, West street 
 Cruise, James, Spirit Merchant, North Quay 
 Denepas, John, Head-Inn Drogheda; proprietor r 
 also of Head-Inn, Ashbourne, and of \ 
 Posting Establishment, Greajt Brunswick- 
 street, Dublin. 
 
 Gernon. James, pdrter, *le& baer brewery Wa.-f-st, 
 Gartlan, Jome, Vintner, West street. 
 Kelly, A. Grocer &Sph-it Mercht. Laurence street 
 Kelly, Joseph, Nt>rlb Quay 
 
 Loughran, O. Vintner & Harb^nr-mastpr, N. Q'l 1 / 
 M'Donneli. J. Vintner, Grocer & Spirit Merchaof, 
 
 West street. 
 
 Magee, Dennis, . Vintner, Weststr<t, 
 Moore, 6 Wrn. Vintner & Hotel Keeper, West street 
 Martin, Thomas, Laurence Gate 
 Mujdoon. P. Grocer & Spirit Mercht, West street 
 rU'Donough, M. Grocer & Spirit Mrcht. Shop ?f. 
 Murphy, Margaret, Vintner, Bull Ring 
 Moore, T. Vintner and Spirit Denier, Sliop street. 
 Smyth, Laurence, Vintner, North Quay 
 Woulsey, & Jameson. Distillers, per A.* Lolhvan,2.v 
 Ward, Prttrickj Vintner, Laurence-street. 
 
WHr, Matthew, Vintner, Laurence street 
 Walsh, G. Vintner and Livery Siables Ball Ring 
 
 DUNDALK. 
 Arthur, Nicholas, proprietor of the King'sArro* Inn 
 
 and of the Beiliugham Arms, Castle- 
 
 B^Hingharo. 
 
 Bell & Co. Samuel Alexander. Distillery, 2 Copies. 
 Brown, Malcolm, Distillery, 2 Copies " 
 Byrne, Thomas Vintner 
 B)rne, Matthew, Vintner. 
 Dufi'y, JoJm & Co. porter, ale and beer Brewery. 
 Daly* John, Vintner. 
 Farrell. John, Vintner. 
 Gartfand, Thomas, Vintner 
 (.<>dley, VA ID. Jrow, Coal and Spirit Merchant. 
 Gcdiey, Robert, Grocer, Wine and Spirit Mercbt. 
 Healy, Edw, Spirit, Oil and Colour Merchant. 
 Lamb, Patrick, Grocer and Spirit Dealer 
 M'AHster, James. Porter and Ale Brewer 
 A'/Cartney, Bernard, Vintner and Cooper 
 M'Kenr.a, James, Vintner 
 M'Ardie, James, Spirit Merchant 
 jVlariiri, John, Wine and Spirit Merchant. 
 M Gtines?, Owen, Vintner & Livery Stable Keeper 
 O'Hagan, Edward, Vintner 
 (J'Htn}an, Felix 
 Parks & Nichols-on, Grocery, Wine and Spirit 
 
 Ware-house. 
 
 R coney, John, Head Carriers Inn 
 Fieuner, James, Vintner and Tanner 
 Wynne, Patrick, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 
 
 NKVVRY. 
 Bankhehd and O'Neili, Grocers, Wine <fe Spirit 
 
 Merchants 
 Davics, Thomas, Kings Arms Inn. Ihe Royal 
 
 Day and Night Mail, Newry Coach, NeV- 
 
 ry Da} Coach, aud Duogannon Mail, *top 
 
 aUaio Fun 
 King. l%('>nia. u ; wholesale Grocer 
 
( xvii ) 
 
 Small, John, Grocer ami S v ;> lor 
 Savage, Heriry, Grocer a .> s < Dealer 
 Thompson, Robert, Di.^f ! s N vry, 2 Copies 
 
 HILLSBOROUGH 
 Bradshaw, Hercules, For - i <\* Brewery 
 
 LISBURN. 
 Simpson and Graham, strong ale and beer Brewery 
 
 LURG--'-T. 
 
 Bt>yd, James, sfrong ale a; ^ ' beer Brewery 
 Greerand Boyd, Distillery, 2 L -p^as 
 Johnston, John, Brewery. 
 
 MONAGHAN, 
 Halchell, John, and Company, Table beer Brewery 
 
 ARMAGH. 
 
 Fulton, Robert, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 
 Rogers, William, Hibernian Hotel, English street, 
 
 Posting Establishment, and Mail Coach 
 
 Office at said Establishment. 
 
 DUNGANNON, 
 Falls, John, Distiller. 2 Copies 
 M'Keiizir, Alexander, and Co. Brewers and Spirit 
 Merchants, Donaghraore and Dungannoa 
 
 OMAGH. 
 
 Fall, Hughes, and Co., beer and ale Srewery 
 Grier, David, White Hart Hotel, with post horses 
 , and Carriages always ready, 
 
 CAURICKM ACROSS. 
 Gartlan, Jameg, and Sons, Dtetillers, Brewers, Mal- 
 
 sters, and Tobacconists 
 M'Kittrick, Andrew, Vintner, and Spirit Retailer, 
 
 Soap and Candle Manufacturer 
 M'Kibbin, Andrew, Grocer aud Spirit Merchant 
 
 LONDONDERRY. 
 Londonderry Brewing Company 
 
 STRABANE. 
 Smyth, HoImeiA Smyth, ale and beer Brewery 
 
( xviii ) 
 
 L1FFORD. 
 Kcox, Morion, and Clarke, Distillery, 2 Copies 
 
 BELFAST. 
 
 Barry, John, Vintne.r, 53 Anne street 
 Crofts, Robert, Vintner, Corn Market 
 Cunningham, John &Thos., WineA Spirit Mercbfs. 
 Caird and Egan, Wine and Spirit Merchants 
 Campbell, Thomas, Hotel with Livery Stables, Post 
 Horses, Chaises, Gi<ygs, Jaunting Cars, <fe 
 Saddle horses, Ann street 
 Davis, George, Tavern keeper & Y r intner, 5 Corrk 
 
 Market 
 
 Elliott and Blew, wholesale and retail Spirit Mer- 
 chants, Store Lane 
 
 Henry, James, Glasgow Tavern, MO High street 
 Johnston, Samuel, Grocer, Wine and Spirit Mer- 
 chant, 30 North street 
 Kane, John, ele and portor Brewery 
 Kirkpatriek, Daniel, Spirit retailer and Butter Fac- 
 tor, 64 Waring street 
 Ligbfbody, Robert, Vintner, Hi^b street 
 Mackenzie, John, and Co., Distillery 
 Miskei'y, Dan., Comrarrciai Tevrri, 1 Rosemary sf. 
 Menniece, Willium, Spirit Dealer, Crrick Elnl s>t. 
 M 'Henry, Daniel, Grocer & Spirit Dealer, No. 50 
 
 Donegal street 
 M'AIlester, John, Giocer, Vintner, and Tavern, 
 
 keeper, Graham's entry 
 Napier, William, and son 1 *, Brewery 
 O'Neill, Francis, Hotel Livery Stables, and Spirit 
 
 stores, Belfast arm?, 14 Rosemary street 
 Pelan, James, Tavern keeper, and Lisburn Coaih 
 
 proprietor, 27 Corn Market 
 
 Resk, Henderson, Spirit Retailer No. 3 North street 
 Sayers, Archibald, Vintner, & General Dealer, 133 
 
 North street 
 Stewart, James, and Co., Wholesale Wine & Spirit 
 
 Merchant, 7 Leggs Lane 
 
 Thomas, Bernard, Edinburgh Tavern, and Spirit 
 Retailer, High street 
 
( x!x ), 
 
 Thompson, Richard, Merchant, North street 
 Vint, Wm., Innkeeper, Cross K>ys, 104 North st. 
 Ward, James, proprietor of the Commercial Hotel, 
 
 Commercial Buildings 
 
 ARDEE. 
 Callan, Thomas, Distil'er, strong ale and beer 
 
 Brewer and AJalister. 
 Callan, Thomas, and Co., proprietors of Belfast 
 
 Shamrock Coach by the way of Ardee, 
 
 Callon.Siane, &c. ; also of Monaghan, St. 
 
 PaUick and Drogheda Shamrock Coaches, 
 
 uliicb stop at 81 Capel-street, Castle Bel- 
 
 iinghaoi. 
 Woaisoy and Cairnes, Bi ewers and Maltsters. 
 
 TULLAMORE, 
 
 Devere!!, William, strong ale and beer Brewery. 
 
 Manly, Joseph, strong ale and beer Brewery. 
 
 Morgan, Andrew, Grand Canal Hotel, Canal Har- 
 bour, -Coach, Gigg& Harness Manufactu- 
 rer. The Day Coach from Athlone every 
 ruorning at 4, through Clara & Moat, and 
 meets the Diligence, which goes on to Cas- 
 tierea, through Roscommon ; the Diligence 
 proceeds to Limerick at 4 o'clock, through 
 Frank ford, Birr, Bunrisokane & Nenagb, 
 & returns toTuilamoreat 8, in the evening, 
 
 Scally, Edward, Vintner. 
 
 MOAT. 
 
 Balfe, Mich,, Grocer, Tea Wine & Spirit Merchant 
 Lloyd, William, Grocer and Spirit Merchant 
 
 CLARA. 
 
 Brady, Thos. Grocer, Tea Wine & Spirit Merchant 
 Dillon, James, 
 
 ATHLONE. 
 
 Egan, Patrick, Vintner and Grocer 
 
 Gafely, Patrick, Vintner 
 
 Foster, William. Grocer, Wine and Spirit Merchant 
 
 Graham, Jane, Viatuer, Bridge gtreet 
 
( xx ) 
 
 Hughes, Michael, Vintner, Barrack squaie 
 
 M'Donnell, Alexander, Vintner 
 
 Morton, John, Vintner, and Spirit Retailer 
 
 STROKESTOWN. 
 Neforny, Susannah, Vintner, with Liverj Stables 
 
 JAMESTOWN COUNTY OF LEITRIM. 
 Da-mi, Thomas, Grocer and Vintner 
 
 BOYLE. 
 
 FarreJl, James, Vintner and Grazier 
 
 Lowe, John, Grocer, Vintner, & General Mercbl* 
 
 M v Dermott, P., Vintner, Swan Hotel, Livery Stable. 
 
 SLIGO. 
 
 Bark lie, Robert, Merchant 
 Madden, Martin, and Co., Brewers and Merchant:* 
 
 MULL1NGAR. 
 
 HalJian, John, V 7 intner 
 
 Mahon, Mort, Grocer, Wine Merchant A Druggist 
 
 Kenny, Timothy, Grocer and General Merchant 
 BRAY, 
 
 Qain, John, Hotel, proprietor of an extensive car- 
 riage Factory & of a posting Establishment 
 which ranks amongst the first in Europe ; 
 also an extensive additional Post Establish- 
 ment, 2 Lower Pembroke street, Dublin. 
 
 KeariiB, James William, porter and ale Brewer, 
 
TQ TUB 
 
 PRESIDENT, 
 
 Vice- President, Committee <fy Members 
 
 OF THE 
 
 FAIR-TRADING 
 VINTNERS' SOCIETY 
 
 OF 
 
 The Cily of DuUin. 
 
 GENTLEMEN, 
 
 TT HEN I determined to publish the 
 Vintner's Guide, which was the result 
 of much labour and research, it was 
 my principal study to render it (as 1 hope 
 it will prove) not only useful to the 
 Trade, but to the Brewers and Mer- 
 chants with whom they are connected 
 by a reciprocity of interest; I did not 
 long hesitate to whom I would dedfcate 
 
'12 ] 
 
 thi* work.~The recollection of the 
 many favoursl received from you, acting 
 as your Secretary, claimed it as a small 
 tribute of gratitude on my part, your 
 kind acceptance of which has been most 
 gratifying to me ; under such impression* 
 1 have proceeded with this work, and 
 if I have succeeded in any measure, in 
 furnishing an instructive volume, and 
 collecting materials for ameliorating 
 the condition, improving the manage- 
 ment, and enlarging the ideas of the 
 body at large, as well as furnishing use- 
 ful tables, correct calculation, and mis- 
 cellaneous matters, for the ease and ac- 
 commodation of different classes of 
 trades in general, I shall feel much 
 satisfaction in publishing this treatise, 
 whatever may be its merits or demerits; 
 a candid and discerning portion of your 
 body, will, I am confident, view it as at 
 least a laudable attempt to exalt the 
 character and decorum of your brethren. 
 I hope from your long acquaintance 
 with me it is unnecessary to state that 
 
[ 3 ] 
 
 "nothing can be more gratifying to me 
 ^than your progressive improvement 
 and respectability, well aware, that 
 though humble your pursuits, the claim 
 of well-regulated public houses on the 
 community at large, must be admitted 
 by every discerning and dispassionate 
 mind ; confident that the aim and in- 
 tention of your registered body is di- 
 rected to thejse laudable views which 
 have integrity for its basis and regu- 
 larity and decorum as its natural attend- 
 ants. Accept my best wishes for pro- 
 moting such desirable objects to their 
 'fullest extent ; and permit me to assure 
 you, that none can feel more deeply 
 interested, or more fervently wishes 
 your prosperity and happiness than. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Your Devoted, Humble Servant 
 WILLIAM PHIPPS. 
 
 Dublin, 22d July. 1825, 
 
F S 
 
 1 ..< 
 V;'l 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 . 
 
GENEKAL OBSERVATIONS 
 
 ON THE 
 
 of 
 
 A.S all human institutions and occu- 
 pations must have a commencement, 
 so had that of the Vintner. When the 
 inhabitants of the world began to mul- 
 tiply, a desire to travel was natural to 
 such a being as man ; whilst he remained 
 at his own fireside and in his own house, 
 he had not that necessity of frequenting 
 houses of public accommodation, but he 
 no sooner left the society of his family 
 but he found a necessity for accommo- 
 dation from another quarter.* Even 
 
 * Lake, c. x. r. 00, 
 
6 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 General Observations 
 
 looking at tlie Scriptures we find the 
 wounded traveller received comfort at 
 an Inn, when the Priest and Levite 
 left him to perish. How indeed could 
 the good Samaritan with all his gener- 
 ous feelings and even ''"with his purse,, 
 have rendered any service to the un- 
 fortunate traveller, did he not find the 
 roof of the Inn-keeper to shelter him 
 from the weather, and his attendants 
 ro -take care of .him ; hence trie ne- 
 cessity of houses for public accommo- 
 dation at an early a?ra. It therefore is 
 evident, that as intercourse increased a 
 want of accommodation would be most 
 severely felt, and could not be dis- 
 pensed with ; it naturally followed in 
 course of time that another description 
 of houses was wanting where accom- 
 modation was of a more tempora.ry 
 nature, and the charges consequently 
 HI o re ' m o d e r a t c a n d b e 1 1 e r adapted f c r 
 occasional visits, than -where the tra* 
 
THE VINTNER S GUIDE. 
 
 On the Trade of a Vintner. 
 
 valler considered himself an inmate; 
 those were called public houses and 
 so continue io this day ; of this des- 
 cription,' great improvements have 
 been made of late years in the metro- 
 polis, cities, and large towns in Ire*- 
 land ; they have a... more respectable 
 appearance, are kept more cleanly, 
 and as they are resorted to, by the 
 humblest in society as well as the 
 middle and wealthier classes, a proper 
 distribution is. .made for each in res- 
 pectable and orderly-kept houses, by 
 spacious and comfortable apartments 
 us well as a common tap-room, for the 
 lower classes. Indeed in the small 
 towns and villages., a laudable emu- 
 lation prevails iu making their houses 
 more respectable than hitherto, which 
 I hope will continue, as there is still 
 much room for improvement. I may 
 here notice the modern' improvement 
 'of being supplied with gas, which 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 General Observations, 
 
 a most imposing effect, giving a pe- 
 culiar brilliancy to the houses at night 5 
 where it can be obtained, I think it a 
 great addition and I am informed a 
 considerable saving, which must be a 
 great object in public business, where 
 so much light is wanting. But this 
 beautiful light cannot be had except 
 in large towns or cities, owing to the 
 expense attending a gas light esta- 
 blishment. 
 
 Those who live by the occupation 
 of Vintner, are generally speaking, 
 persons who have not been bred up to 
 any business ; such as have a little 
 capital saved, prefer it to any other, 
 calculating ou the quick return of 
 money, from the desire which is so pre- 
 valent for the use of strong 1 liquors. 
 They hi many instances never consider 
 it a business of much labour and cir- 
 cumspection, and some will go so. fat 
 
THE TINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 On the Trade ot a Vintner. 
 
 as to think scarcely any knowledge 
 of the business necessary, but what 
 can be easily obtained. They think 
 to draw a naggin or measure of whiskey 
 or strong liquors, cordials, &c. or a 
 pot of porter an easy matter, but how- 
 ever they much mistake in this point, 
 never did any business require more 
 circumspection, and few comparatively 
 from the many in the trade, a re adapted 
 for carry ing it on respectably and giving 
 satisfaction to the frequenters of their 
 houses. Failures in trade, which I am 
 sorry to say are very numerous, are the 
 consequences. When houses are uncom- 
 fortably kept and supplied with inferior 
 liquors they become deserted, a decline 
 of business naturally leads to ruin, and 
 there are indeed too many instances 
 even where trade is good, that from want 
 of management and method, the conse- 
 quences are the same as from want of 
 business. There are several particulars 
 
10 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 
 
 General Observations 
 
 necessary for a well-regulated public 
 house namely, attention on the part of 
 theproprietor, properattendants, clean- 
 liness is indispensable, and an oblig- 
 ing deportment in all who are concern- 
 ed. A good neighbourhood where there 
 are not too many in the trade is a valua- 
 ble acquisition to the Vintner ; indeed 
 without it a man may toil for his whole 
 life, and even if he by great economy, 
 *s able to square accounts with 1m mer- 
 chant* -brewer and distiller, and meet 
 the various other ex pences attendant on 
 the business, will leave nothing for his 
 family at the end ; this is a vexatious 
 and mortifying, as well as a most discou- 
 raging circumstance, therefore it re- 
 quires but little argument to prove that 
 undertaking a public house is a serious 
 concern, and much more a matter of 
 consideration than is generally ima- 
 gined. It appears from every consi- 
 deration of the subject that a Vintner 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 11 
 
 On (he Tr.ide of a Vintner. 
 
 requires a great deal of information ; 
 in fact lie should make it his study to 
 be thoroughly acquainted with every 
 circumstance, even the most minute 
 matter relative to his calling ; he should 
 have a perfect knowledge both of the 
 flavour and strength of his liquors of 
 every description ; how to accommodate 
 his various customers ; to deal on the 
 most advantageous terms in buying in 
 his liquors free from adulteration, and 
 at the lowest prices ; and where such 
 articles as porter or ale, for instance 
 which is sold by the hogshead, barrel 
 or half barrel, and not by the gallon, 
 to choose the largest, and have as much 
 saleable liquor for his money as could 
 be got in the market ; his strong liquors 
 he should be very careful in the mea* 
 surement of, and their strength, before 
 he made any settlement for them. By 
 attending to such circumstances the 
 Vintner would itart upon fair grounds 
 
12 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 General Observations 
 
 and with a reasonable hope of succeed- 
 ing, Those few hints I have thrown out 
 generally ; in the remaining part of this 
 work I will more particularly lay before 
 the Vintner, 1 hope, much useful and 
 interesting information on each article, 
 to carry those observations into effect, 
 which 1 recommend to his serious atten- 
 tion, as it most materially affects his 
 interest from a consciousness that it 
 will forward his pursuits. 
 
 The followingRules I would particu- 
 larly recommend to the serious conside- 
 ration of all persons in trade : _ 
 
 1, Endeavour to be perfect in the 
 calling you are engaged in, and be as- 
 siduous in every part thereof. Indus- 
 try being the natural means of acquiring 
 wealth, honour and reputation ; as 
 idleness is of poverty, shame and dis- 
 grace. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 10 
 
 On the Trade of . Vintner. 
 
 2. Lay a good foundation in regard 
 te principle. Be sure not willfully to 
 overreach or deceive your neighbour, 
 but keep always in your eye the golden 
 rule of doing as you would be done 
 unto. 
 
 3. Be strict in discharging all legal 
 debts. Do not evade your .creditor by 
 any shuffling acts, in giving notes under 
 your hand only to defer payment ; but 
 if you have it in your power, discharge 
 alldebts when they become due. Above 
 all when you are straitened for want of 
 money, be cautious of taking it up at 
 ar^high interest, this has been the ruin 
 of many, therefore avoid it. 
 
 4. Endeavour to be as much in your 
 shop or warehouse, or in whatever place 
 your business properly lies, as possibly 
 you can ; leave it not to servants to 
 transact, fqr customers will not regard 
 them as yourself, they generally think 
 they shall not be so well served ; be- 
 C 
 
14 THE VINTNER'S GLIDE. 
 
 General Observations 
 
 sides mistakes may arise by the negli- 
 gence or inexperience of servants, and 
 therefore your presence will prevent, 
 probably, the Joss of a good customer^ 
 
 . Be complaisant to the MEANEST as 
 1vell as the GREATEST. You are as much 
 obliged to use good manners, fora far- 
 thing as a pound, the one demands it 
 from you as well as the other. 
 
 6. Be not too talkative, but speak as 
 much as is necessary to recommend your 
 goods, and always observe to keep 
 within the rules of decency. If cus- 
 tomers slight your goods and under- 
 value them, endeavour to convince them 
 of their mistake, if you can, but not 
 affront them ; do not be pert in your 
 answers, but with patience hear and 
 with meekness reply, for if you affront 
 in a small matter it may probably 
 hinder you from a future good cus- 
 tomer. They may think you are dear 
 in the articles they want, but by going 
 
THE VINTNER'S UIDE. 15 
 
 On the Trado ot a Vintner. 
 
 to another may find it not so, and pro- 
 bably may return again ; but if you 
 behave rude and affronting, there is 
 no hope either of returning, or their 
 future custom. 
 
 7, Take great care in keeping your 
 accounts well ; enter every thing neces- 
 sary in your books with neatness and 
 exactness ; often state your accounts 
 and examine whether you gain or lose ; 
 and carefully survey your stock and 
 inspect into every particular of your 
 affairs. 
 
 S. Take care as much as you can 
 whom you trust ; neither take nor 
 give long credit, but, at the farthest, 
 annually settle your accounts ; deal 
 at the fountain head for as many articles 
 as you can, and if it lies in your power, 
 for ready money; this method you will 
 find to be the most profitable in theend. 
 Endeavour to keep up a proper as- 
 sortment in your way, but not overstock 
 C2 
 
16 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 General Observations, &c. 
 
 yourself ; aim not at making a great 
 figure in your shop or warehouse in un- 
 necessary ornaments, but let them be 
 neat and useful, too great an appearance 
 may rather prevent than engage cus- 
 tomers ; make your business your plea- 
 sure, and other entertainments will 
 only appear necessary for relaxation 
 therefrom. 
 
 9. Strive to maintain a fair character 
 in the world, that will be the best means 
 for advancing your credit ; giving you 
 the most flourishing trade, and enlarg- 
 ing your fortune j condesend to no 
 mean action, but add a lustre to trade 
 by keeping up to the dignity of your 
 hat ure. 
 
 REMARKS 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 REMARKS ON HOUSE-TAKING, 
 
 I do not know a more serious concern 
 than taking a house in which you intend 
 to carry on business ; and, indeed, from 
 the few, out of the many, in trade, who 
 remam for any considerable time in the 
 same house, it must be very evident, 
 that, generally speaking, houses are 
 taken at random, and as if it were a mat- 
 ter of indifference with the proprietors 
 whether they succeeded in them or not. 
 Brewers are very friendly on those oc- 
 casions to offer their services, and often 
 are induced to venture their property 
 - with persons of no capital, on specula- 
 3 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 tion, in houses thrown on their hands 
 by insolvent Vintners, or perhaps pur- 
 chased by Brewers in good neighbour- 
 hoods for promoting the sale of their 
 Beer, but with all this circumspection on 
 the part of the Brewers, they are often 
 serious sufferers. It is too often the 
 case even with persons who give a fair 
 account of the monies of others when 
 received, as Clerks or Assistants, that 
 those persons who have acted thus 
 circumspectly and with integrity in 
 concerns n'ot peculiarly their own, when 
 they became the Proprietors of Houses 
 they pursue a different system, and ac- 
 tually seem to consider the monies re- 
 ceived for the commodities purchased 
 on credit, from the Brewer, Distiller 
 and Merchant, as if they had to render 
 no account whatever of the several 
 engagements they are under to their 
 various creditors. What is the con- 
 sequence of such conduct but insol- 
 vency; it often happens that Creditors 
 will accept of a composition under such 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 19 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 circumstances, and the Vintner may 
 consider that he can retrieve; but alas, 
 how seldom is this the case? His failure 
 is generally known, he is looked upon 
 with suspicion wherever he wishes for 
 credit, even although his failure could 
 be accounted for through want of busi- 
 ness, and through no dishonest motive : 
 But how seldom does the Insolvent 
 Vintner, or even the Bankrupt Mer- 
 chant, come off with this character ? 
 Some will allow no failure to proceed 
 but from dishonesty, and will affirm 
 that the defaulter contrived to get 
 credit as long as he could with a per- 
 fect knowledge of his circumstances, 
 and his utter inability to disharge his 
 engagements ; and from such conduct 
 on his part, it naturally follows that 
 he is a man riot entitled to any future 
 confidence, and from various matters 
 operating against him, he becomes un- 
 able to pay even his composition ; and 
 if he was in the hands of vindictive 
 Creditors, did not the mercy of the L<r~ 
 
-20 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 gislature interfere, it is possible he 
 would end his days in a prison ; how- 
 -ever, if he obtain his liberty through 
 themeansof an Insolvent act, he comes 
 t)ut of prison a distressed man, without 
 credit, an-d generally speaking without 
 friends ; his former companions in trade 
 desert him, and he has to bear up 
 against a multitude of untoward cir- 
 cumstances before he can settle him- 
 self even disadvantageous^ in another 
 house. This is no fallacious statement, 
 but has fatally been experienced in a 
 thousand instances, whereby whole fa- 
 milies have been plunged into the 
 greatest affliction and misfortune. To 
 avert such a sad catastrophe, should 
 it not be the bouudeu duty of every 
 person wli9 had any regard for the 
 welfare of his family, to commence his 
 business with the greatest circum- 
 spection, and be most particular as to 
 the house he was taking, both as to the 
 situation and terms ; and on no account 
 - ^whatever to believe the assertions that 
 
VINTNER'S GUIDE. 21 
 
 Remarks on Elouse-Taking. 
 
 may be made of the former sales ef-* 
 fected in the house, which, it is 
 natural, will be exaggerated. I have 
 often witnessed Houses puffed off, and 
 saw inexperineed Vintners occupy 
 them, no doubt with golden dreams of 
 making speedy fortunes in them, but 
 sad was their disappointment ; they 
 were completely ruined in a short time^ 
 and incredible almost as it may seem, 
 I have seen another, and another in 
 quick succession following on the ruin 
 of his predecessor, and sharing the 
 same fate without ever considering the 
 causes why none succeeded, until at 
 length the House was completely de- 
 stroyed. It is not every House or every 
 street that will answer for a Publican ; 
 indeed in some streets you will see one 
 side good for business and the other 
 the reverse ! now, I will ask, if a man 
 were commencing in such a street would 
 it be prudent to choose the unlucky, 
 or rather the unfrequented part of the 
 street^ the answer is too plain. In what 
 
52 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 termed Courts or where there is 
 no thoroughfare it rarely happens that 
 more than one house succeeds, and 
 even that depends very much on a good 
 neighbourhood. But many have been 
 sick of those private retreats where 
 there is not a good street adjoining or 
 ^contiguous to a good thoroughfare, so 
 that every year some are shut up never 
 to open again in public business. 
 For my own part, were I to commence 
 public business, I would prefer a 
 House not in the possession of the 
 Brewer, (this I do not mean as any dis- 
 paragement to the Brewers collec- 
 tively,) ninny of whom in this City and 
 throughout the kingdom, are men of 
 the most approved characters, distin- 
 guished by their charity, benevolence, 
 candour and integrity : but there may 
 be rapacious Brewers as in every other 
 trade, and of such 1 would beware; self- 
 preservation is a leading principle with 
 every man of discernment, and I con* 
 ceive caution nmst necessary with the 
 
THE viNf NER'S GUIBE. 23 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 person you deal with. However, if I 
 met with a Brewer of unexceptionable 
 character, a fair honest man, I would, 
 did a house belonging to him suit me, 
 buy it off altogether, so that he would 
 have no interference with the Bouse 
 whatever ; and I think if such a Brewer 
 made approved Porter, &c. I could 
 not deal upon a better principle, than 
 by giving him my custom and paying 
 him regularly so long as my customers 
 were pleased with his drink, and no 
 longer. This a man cannot do well if 
 he is not independent of his Brewer. 
 How can the distressed Publican com- 
 plain if he permit an unsettled ba- 
 lance to be ever in his Brewers books ; 
 even admitting that the Brewer is so 
 lenient as not to press a settlement, pro- 
 vided the Publican pays for the porter 
 he draws for the future. Supposing the 
 Publican had cause, from a change of 
 drink, to find a diminution in his sales 
 and a dropping off of the customers or 
 frequenters of his house, it would be 
 
24 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. 
 
 impolitic of him to complain ; the Brewer 
 conceiving himself badly treated if the 
 Publican would go to another Brewer 
 and leave his accounts unsettled with 
 him, would naturally furnish his ac- 
 count, and insist upon an immediate 
 settlement. But it is far different with 
 an independent Publican ; whenever 
 the drink from his Brewer does not 
 please, he can stiffly insist on returning 
 unsaleable porter, and leave him alto- 
 gether if he does not furnish him with 
 saleable drink. Brewers are not such 
 fools as to quarrel with good hunest 
 customers ; they will exchange their 
 unsaleable porter sooner than to lose 
 such a customer. But I would by no 
 means advise the Vintner to complain 
 without cause, or mix inferior liquor 
 with the Brewer's, and insist it all came 
 from the Brewery. This would be most 
 unfair, and 3 Vintner that would be 
 guilty of swell meanness, doe* not de- 
 serve the name of a Tradesman, whose 
 best fortune is his character, which hp 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE,. 
 
 Remarks on 
 
 should m>t forfeit by resorting to aigy 
 shuffling -or unfair means, 
 
 I shall add no more on this head, but 
 I shail now proceed, considering the 
 Vintner to Lave obtained an eligible 
 situation, which bids (air by integrity and 
 industry, to provide the means for sup- 
 porting a faiHily comfortably. 1 f tl/r re 
 be aJeasejt such a house, as is most com- 
 monly ;tfee case, I wouUl advise h.im l,v 
 all means, ;to submit it to a respe -. 
 Attorney, .to feee-thai ail k fair and ri^ 
 and never in any instance employ a 
 shabby feilew, where a .respect a bh- 
 professional man caa he had, for tin 
 paltry object of saying a few ^hliiu 
 f am aware 1 ex p esc myself by the fr 
 dom of my remarks, to the censures ol 
 Public House practicing Attorniev, 
 too many of whom, (to the unspeakable 
 detriment of industrious and well- mean- 
 ing inexperienced young people), are 
 te'be found in all parts of Dublin, and 
 -other cities and towns throughout it. 
 
26" THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Remarks on House-Taking. ! 
 
 land ; but I fear not the reproaches of 
 those gentry so long as I am persuaded 
 that by the means of this little work, 
 I shall be the instrument of saving in- 
 dustrious and well-disposed per.so.jwv 
 from ruin. 
 
 i* :& .gmjft&q 
 
 
 
 HOW 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 27 
 
 HOW TO BEAL, ADVANTAGE* 
 
 OUSLY WITH BREWER AND 
 
 BISTIIZER. 
 
 WHEN the Vintner has , settled him- 
 self in his house, and fitted it up in 
 a neat convenient manner for business, 
 his first object is to choose out a respect- 
 able Brewer and Distiller, with whom 
 he would deal for supplying him with 
 their respective liquors. If the house 
 has been in public business before and 
 that the Vintner did not succeed, it 
 will not be amiss to find out, if possi- 
 ble, the cause, and this I would recom- 
 mend him to do not in any cursory 
 
 manner, but by enquiring most parti- 
 D 2 
 
28 tHE VtNtNER's GUJDfc. 
 
 How to deal advantageously 
 
 eularly in the neighbourhood and from 
 the respectable -customers who formerly 
 resorted the house ; from them he will 
 learn what description of porter was 
 sold in it, and whose porter was most 
 approved of the porter that pleased, 
 of course, he should procure ; and as to 
 his spirits he should have two descrip- 
 tions, one for such as is used in drams, 
 which is of a newer description and 
 consequently cheaper, and the other of 
 old spirits which he would make use of 
 for punch : the latter (as upon it thf 
 resort of the better description so much 
 depend) I would advise to be procured 
 from the King's Store, as no adultera- 
 tion can take place with liquor stored 
 for duty, and no deception with regard 
 to its age, as the period en which it 
 was first placed in the King's Store will 
 determine that point. The liquor for 
 drams should be red weed simply by 
 water. Some Spirit Merchants and 
 Vintners (very much I think to their 
 own prejudice, but most unquestion- 
 
THE VrXTXEP/S GUIDE,. 
 
 vVitlr Brewer and Distiller, 
 
 ably to the very serious injury of the 
 
 j . - v i} * . ' 
 
 frequenters oi such houses) use des- 
 tructive ingredients for the purpose of 
 giving a seemingly apparent tho' false 
 strength to their made-up liquor; but 
 1 never knew such persons finally to 
 succeed ; aiming at too great profit 
 upon an unfair principle, carries des- 
 truction along with it, for believe me, 
 "honesty is the best policy," in every 
 business, which dealers in spirits who 
 use destructive ingredients can have no 
 
 ^ 
 
 pretensions to : Thus much I would be 
 free to recommend that any innocent 
 matter which would improve the ap- 
 pearance of the liquor (without of 
 course giving it in the most remote de^ 
 gree any pernicious quality) should be 
 used. Nothing looks better tuan to see 
 any article in the liquid way, clear and 
 well reined it has certainly a great 
 inducement with the customer, and lu 
 , y ii-;s truces gives the liquor a pro 
 
 eminence over other Jiquors not so well 
 
 t 
 
 handled j which it docs not intrinsically 
 
 D 3 
 
80 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 How to deal advantageously 
 
 deserve. The preparations necessary 
 to give an apparent age to new liquors 
 which least disturbed the body thereof, 
 I have always found the best, and 
 therefore I do not hesitate to recom- 
 mend them to make a light straw colour 
 which is produced by turmeric or a 
 little treacle ; but a better way is to 
 give it a colour or tinge with a little 
 sugar burnt to a consistence, or syrup 
 of elder berries may be ifesed, which 
 gives it an admirable colour, and may 
 be made deeper or lighter according 
 to the quantity you put in. On the 
 Vintner's management of his ale or por- 
 ter theredoesnot much depend, because 
 if either of those articles be originally 
 bad no management can make them 
 good ; what he is to observe is, that 
 his cellar at all times be kept well 
 ventilated, that is moderately tempered, 
 winter and summer, neither too hot 
 nor too cold, and if he has room I would 
 recommend him always to have his , 
 hogsheads or casks in a few days be* 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 31 
 
 With Brewer and Distiller. 
 
 fore he broaches them ; let him be par- 
 ticular that vint pegs are .put in, and 
 when he taps them be circumspect 
 that his cocks are clean, and have fresh 
 paper or wadding about them, and new : 
 as' to the article of cocks, many out of 
 cheapness buy cocks made up in Ber- 
 miiighani, Sheffield, &c. apparently to 
 the eye very staunch but very soon be- 
 come defective and a continual drop- 
 ping of the liquor is the consequence, 
 there is no redress for this, but I would 
 recommend the Vintner to get his cocks 
 from a respectable brass founder and 
 give a fair price for them, for he is not 
 aware of what a heavy loss he must 
 sustain by buying articles of this na- 
 ture of a bad quality; the prices of 
 cocks for his vessels even of a good 
 description are trifling indeed when 
 compared with the continual loss he 
 every moment is sustaining by using a 
 bad article, even for his porter, it must 
 be great, but what must it be with his 
 brandies, rum.*, gins, whiskeys, &c, &c, ; 
 
TiK VINTNER'S GUIDE 
 
 flow to doal advantageously " 
 
 far more depends upon these little c[r- 
 cu instances than persons are aware of, 
 and though it may seem unnecessary 
 for. me to notice them, yet, as I write for 
 the instruction of young beginners, as 
 well as from a confidence that those in 
 the trade for some years will coincide 
 in the justice of my remarks, I should 
 blame myself if I neglected noticing 
 them ; and here I think it not amiss to 
 recommend Vintners and Spirit Dealers 
 the use of Porter and Spirit Machines, 
 of which a description to those who 
 have not got them as yet will not be un- 
 interesting; those who have them must 
 beconvinoedof their utility. It cannot 
 escape even cursory observation, that 
 much waste may be occasioned in con- 
 veying liquor, from the cellar to the 
 tap-room, particularly if underground ; 
 the stairs, from their distance with the 
 tap, must necessarily take up much time 
 l\ u:x\c riding and descending, and it 
 jrnay often occur that the Waiter . <v: 
 .Drawer may indulge himself by 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 With Brewer or Distiller. 
 
 some liquor unperceived, which in ad- 
 dition to a certain loss, may render him 
 unfit to attend the customers ; ma- 
 chines have therefore a strong recom- 
 
 o 
 
 mendation, inasmuch, as that no time is 
 scarcely lost, -nor any waste in the cellar. 
 A great saving is made by using the 
 machine where there is much business, 
 and indeed where the business is small, 
 the saving obtained through the me- 
 dium of this article is a good addition 
 to the profit. A porter machine can be 
 made to dra.^ on the level as well as 
 from an under cellar; in drawing the 
 porter, ale, beer, &c. even when low in 
 the cask, it produces them in the same 
 state as originally when first tapped : 
 Machines can be made from one to five 
 motions, or even more according to the 
 different porters, ales or beers you may 
 wish to draw off this you may regulate 
 according to the stock in your cellar, 
 getting an adequate machine for your 
 several malt liquors. Spirit machines 
 are made on a different principle with 
 
84 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 How ta deal advantageously 
 
 eocks and .coupling screws,, to draw 
 from kegs, or small casks at any dis- 
 tance.; Liquors according: to this plan 
 are conveyed through block-tin tubes, 
 which prevent the liquor from being dis- 
 coloured. To sum; up all with regard 
 to porter and spirit machines, the Vint- 
 ner by having his cellar well secured, 
 and his bar fitted up so as to give him 
 convenient roon>, has ail his liquors, 
 malt spirits, &c. just at his hand, and 
 without running from his bar can ex- 
 ecute the several orders of his cus- 
 tomers without less of time or waste of 
 liquor, and with every convenience and 
 comfort to himself. Before I close 
 this part of niy subject, I would paffl- 
 cularly recommend the Vintner that 
 ill making any settlement with either 
 Brewer or Distiller, or their confiden- 
 tial Clerks, to make such settlement 
 in perfect, sobriety ; some Clerks there 
 are ungenerous enough to take notes 
 of the state of the Vintner's houses, 
 and of the Vintners themselves, to in- 
 
THE VINTJTElfs GUIDE- 
 
 With a Brewer or Distiller. 
 
 gradate themselves, no doubt, with 
 their respective employers ; this con- 
 duct I by no means approve of on- their 
 part 5 but considering the various de- 
 scriptions of persons in a Brewer or Dis- 
 tiller's employment, and the great dif- 
 ference with regard to education, con- 
 duct and principle of persons of this 
 description, I am certain it will not 
 
 fiend the pains- taking and honourably 
 conducted Clerk, to point out a different 
 class in his walk, and right certain am I 
 that the Vintner should as much as possi- 
 ble be out of the power of the vindicative 
 or ill-intentioned, and for that purpose 
 
 1 would recommend the Vintner neither 
 to treat them nor suffer himself to be 
 treated by them when settling accounts 
 or paying them money, for be assured 
 of it the soberest Landlords have always 
 the best credit in the Brewers' and Dis- 
 tillers' books ; and here I may introduce 
 the usual modes of settlement which is 
 by either drawing a bill on the Vintner 
 or the Vintner passing his note for the 
 
36 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 How to deal advantageously 
 
 amount due. The following particulars 
 on each mode of settlement may be 
 interesting, and therefore I submit them 
 for the information of those concerned ; 
 
 On the acceptance of Bills of Exchange, 
 and passing of Promissory Notes. 
 
 To accept a Bill of Exchange, is to 
 sign or subscribe it, and thereby become 
 a principal debtor of the sum contained 
 therein, with an obligation to j ay or 
 discharge it at the time prefixed. 
 
 The acceptance is usually performed 
 by him on whom the bill is dr.i\ ,n, upon 
 it being presented to him by the per- 
 son on whose behalf it was drawn, or by 
 some others by his order. 
 
 A small matter amounts io an accep- 
 tance, so that there be a right under- 
 standing between both parties,as "leave 
 your bill with me and 1 will accept it," 
 or ^eall for it to-morrow, and it shall 
 fce accepted;" this obliges %x effectu- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 37 
 
 With a Brewer or Distiller. 
 
 ally by the custom of Merchants and 
 according to law, as if the party had 
 actually subscribed or signed it, which 
 is usually done. 
 
 But should a man say " leave your 
 bill wsth me 1 will look over my ac- 
 counts and' books between the drawer 
 and me, and call to-morrow, and accord- 
 ingly the bill shall be accepted/ 7 
 shall not amount to a complete a-;?e*;pt- 
 a^ce for the mention of his books c' 1 
 accounts was really intended to ^ 
 him an opportunity of examining if 
 there were effects in his hands to an- 
 swer, without which perhaps he would 
 not accept the same. 
 
 A bill may be accepted for part, be- 
 cause the party upon whom the same 
 was drawn had no more effects in hrs 
 hands, which being usually done, there 
 must be a protest, if not for the whole 
 sum yet at least for tiu residue, h: 
 E 
 
38 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 { _____ L__ 
 
 How to deal advantageously 
 
 ever after payment of such part there 
 must be a protest for the remajnder. 
 
 Bills payable at sight are not "to be 
 accepted, as being to be acquitted at 
 their presenting, orin defect of payment 
 to be protested : in bills drawn for a 
 certain number of days after sight, the 
 acceptance must be dated because the 
 time is to be accounted therefrom; the 
 form of the acceptance is accepted 
 ,such a day or the date simply and the 
 signature, which latter is generally 
 done. Bills drawn after date require 
 only to be signed with the name of the 
 acceptor, which is written across the 
 bill ; to the day on which it really falls 
 due, three days are added which are 
 called days of grace, on which it be- 
 comes payable. Bills or notes passed 
 at 31, 61, or 91 days on Saturday be- 
 come generally due on Sunday, by 
 which a day is gained by the acceptor 
 or drawer. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. *39 
 
 With Brewer or Distiller. 
 
 The following Measures are used 
 with Wines, Strong Liquors, Malt Li- 
 quors, <fec. : 
 
 Butt 2 Hhds. Wine. 
 
 Ditto 3 Barrels Beer or Ale, 
 
 Tun 4 Hhds. Wine. 
 
 Do. 2| Barrels, Brandy. 
 
 Da. 3 Do. Syrup. 
 
 Pipe 2 Hhds, same as Butt. 
 
 Rundlet 18 Gallons Wine. 
 
 Tierce 42 Gallons. 
 
 Barrel 42 Gallons. 
 
 Hogshead 63 Gallons* thereis usually 
 
 66 Gallons with Porter. 
 Anker 10 Gallons Brandy, Sec. 
 Firkin 8 Gallons of Ale. 
 Ditto 9 Gallons of Beer. 
 Kilderkin 2 Firkins of Ale orBesr, 
 Gallon 4 Quart s. 
 Ditto 231 Cubic Inches of Wine. 
 Ditto 282 Do. Ale or Beer. 
 Pottle 2 Quarts. 
 Quart 2 Pints. 
 Naggin of a Quart. 
 Gill | of a Pint. 
 Dozen 12 Bottles of Red and White 
 
 Wines, except Madeira, of which 
 
 there are but 12 Bottles. 
 Ditto 12 Bottles of Porter, Cider, &c. 
 
 E2 PLAN 
 
40 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 FLAN OF HOUSE EXPENCES, 
 
 I BELIEVE it will be generally admit- 
 ted that in nothing should any person 
 in business be more exact than in his 
 house expences. Gentlemen who have 
 plentiful fortunes, by a shameful negli- 
 gence in this particular become embar- 
 rassed men ; and though they have a 
 a certain income sufficient for the pur- 
 poses of a decent hospitality, together 
 with the expences of their families, and 
 have even an opportunity of placing 
 money at interest, yet by omitting to 
 keep an account of their expenditure, 
 outrun their income, get into debt, in- 
 volve their families and are often obli- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 41 
 
 Plan of House Expenc<?. 
 
 ged to part with their whole property, 
 and perhaps after all, not be able to 
 satisfy their creditors. To all consi- 
 derate, indeed to all honest and well 
 meaning persons, such conduct mustap- 
 pear to be highly criminal on their part, 
 and did it not involve the ruin of their 
 innocent families by their mismanage- 
 ment they would individually not be 
 entitled to the common charity of pity, 
 but would deserve the just censure of 
 mankind, and be only held up asa useful 
 example toothers to avoid their deserved 
 fate. But much as their conduct deserves 
 censure in this particular, their folly will 
 bear no comparison with that of men in 
 trade, whose incomes are uncertain, who 
 are as I may justly observe, Trustees of 
 the property of their creditors intrusted 
 to their hands, and who should consider 
 well whether they can afford a variety 
 perhaps of unnecessary expences out of 
 their own pockets ; lest taking a li- 
 berty with money not their own ; they 
 
42 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Plan of House Expences. 
 
 become defaulters, and unable to sup- 
 port that character which their cre- 
 ditors imagined they possessed, and 
 would not forfeit. To regulate there- 
 fore the expences of house and family 
 so as not to trespass on others, would 
 be, I hope an object which my readers 
 wish to accomplish, and for that purpose 
 the remaining part on this head shall 
 be directed. To such I trust that some 
 useful hints may be suggested, and if 
 they do not entirely correspond with the 
 sentiments of the various persons into 
 whose hands this volume will come, I 
 sincerely wish that it may at least stir 
 up an anxiety and promote a useful 
 inquiry on a subject so very necessary 
 to all persons, but particularly as I have 
 before observed to such as are in trade, 
 it being indeed too plain, that a in an 
 who spends more than his profits and 
 pursues that rule, will first consume his 
 own capital and then no doubt, as long 
 ajj his credit lasts, encroach upon the 
 capital of those he has to deal with, 
 
THE VINTNER'S 
 
 Plan of House Expencos. 
 
 until at length his trade, hivS cs 
 his credit, are totally destroyed. After 
 all th&t has been written on this sub- 
 ject, I must beg leave to remark that 
 I by no means assert that amongst the 
 many classes of unfortunate traders 
 that blame equally attaches to all ; sa- 
 tisfied I am in my mind that the best 
 of men and the fairest of persons in 
 business, as well as the most circum- 
 spect in regard to their expences and 
 in their endeavours to keep within 
 limits, may be disappointed. Losses in 
 trade, sickness in families, and many 
 unavoidable and unforeseen circum- 
 stances may be of a nature too trying, 
 and too much for the most intelligent 
 to bear up against and may overwhelm 
 its object in ruin, but there is this satis- 
 faction, when that is the case that 'the 
 sufferer has not to charge himself with 
 misconduct, and very often may again 
 rise to respectability. A character of 
 integrity though it cannot be called 
 capital, yet often and unaccountably 
 
44 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Plan of House Bxpcuces. 
 
 pushes forward its possessor, and he, is 
 supported by it in his struggles, and 
 never has occasion to despair. 
 
 A person in trade must, I imagine, 
 make a tolerable calculation of his 
 profits ; he knows for instance the first 
 cost of every article he sells: I think 
 Vintners particularly can ascertain their 
 profits sooner than others, and as I have 
 heard a contrary assertion often insisted 
 on, I think I am called upon for an ex- 
 planation on that head, and my expla- 
 nation will I hope be short and satisfac- 
 tory. Now, for instance, in the article 
 of Spirits, the prices are generally re- 
 gulated by the glass, naggin, &c. or 
 when mixed at a certain price; Porter 
 per pint or pot, at another certain rate ; 
 cordials, cyder, wine, &c. all upon the 
 same principle. Now if the Vintner 
 takes every care in his business and of 
 course gets from all his casks the con- 
 tents he is charged with, how easy it 
 must be for him to know his profits : 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 45 
 
 Plan of House Expences. 
 
 but this is not the case with other bu- 
 sinesses, for instance the linen or wool- 
 len draper may get several various 
 prices by the yard even lor the same 
 piece of goods, and his profit of course, 
 even on the same article, vary with the 
 customer ; the grocer and merchant in 
 like manner charge different prices 
 according to the quantity they sell and 
 the credit they give, and indeed many 
 other businesses might be quoted which 
 I trust is unnecessary for my argument. 
 But this I hope I have fully proved to 
 be different with the Vintners, whose 
 price does not vary with the customer, 
 but is charged equally to the frequent- 
 ers of their houses. Now the inference 
 I would draw from this is that the 
 Vintner may ascertain his actual pro- 
 fits, and of course when that can be 
 done, a criterion or director of what 
 his expences should be, can with pre- 
 cision be discovered. To simplify the 
 matter, I will lay down a statement for 
 a week ; as follows : 
 
46 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Plan of House Expencos. 
 
 Sold 2 Hhds. of Porter, Profit 2 5 t> 
 
 Spirits, do 200 
 
 Wine, Cordials, Cider, Sec. do 1 10 
 
 5 15 6 
 
 Expences of my House, including 
 proportion of Coals laid in before, 
 Caudles, &c. for One week, 200 
 
 House Rent and Tax, proportion 
 of a week 110 
 
 . 3 10 
 
 Net profit this Week, 256 
 
 The above is only supposition and 
 may vary according to the trade of the 
 Vintner but 1 think this plan would 
 be a satisfactory one and could easily 
 be adapted for every ones individual 
 situation, and it must be plain that even 
 on the above scale, and with the very 
 little trade that would produce the 
 small profit of 2. 6s. 6d. over the 
 expenditure of the week, that if it was 
 continued, a proprietor of such a con- 
 cern, could meet all his engagements, 
 and also have an addition to his ca- 
 pital every year. Now as to a plan of 
 house expences, as calculation must 
 depend upon regularity, I would put 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 47 
 
 Plan of House Expences. , 
 
 a certain sum into my pocket, say a 
 pound or more, commencing the week, 
 and cautiously lay it* out for my ex- 
 pences, and when that sum was laid out 
 put in more and lay it out in the same 
 way, by this method keeping the monies 
 you received in your business separately, 
 you could easily ascertain your expen- 
 ces for a week, and by putting it down 
 weekly in a small book for that pur- 
 pose, and adding the whole up at the 
 latter end of the year, your house ex- 
 pences for the year could be discovered ; 
 in this book you might also put down 
 your taxes, or another small book might 
 be better for that purpose; when a tax 
 was paid I would advise its being written 
 down, mentioning the day it was paid and 
 the particular tax, by this means a great 
 deal of unnecessary trouble would be 
 saved. I have heard Vintners and others 
 when the tax-man called (who indeed is 
 always an unwelcome visitor, and is 
 thought to call too often,) tell him that 
 
48 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Plan of House Expences. 
 
 he called too soon, that he paid that tax 
 very lately, wonders at his calling, 
 hurries to look over for tax receipts, 
 which are scattered up and down, per- 
 haps gets into a passion with the tax- 
 man, words ensue, and the tax-man 
 taking advantage of this, and wishi?ig 
 for an occasion to be stiff, insists on 
 being paid and very often will not leave 
 the place until he is paid or proceeds 
 to extremities. Now all this uncer- 
 tainty as to the dates of payment of 
 each particular tax .and altercation that 
 ensued, if a book was kept on my plan, 
 would be at once done away with, and 
 the proprietor of the house if he found 
 it not convenient to pay, and seeing the 
 tax was due, might, by civility, obtain 
 from the tax-man a time convenient to 
 meet it. To conclude the article on 
 House expences, I see no otter mode 
 to know the expenditure, but the man- 
 ner I have stated, namely, Weekly, 
 except a person wished to be more par- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 49 
 
 Plan of House Expcnces. 
 
 tieular, if time could be spared, a Daily 
 list of House Expences, might be put 
 down in this manner, viz. 
 
 HOUSE EXPENCES. 
 
 At the head of the Book.] 
 
 1S25. Daily Sum expended. 
 
 Jan. \ , Monday, Sundries 10 
 
 2, Tuesday, ditto.. 9 
 
 3, Wednesday, ditto . , 6 
 
 4, Thursday, ditto, 6 
 
 5, Friday, ditto 4 
 
 6, Saturday ditto 3 
 
 7, Sunday, ditto 5 
 
 This Week, 2 2 
 
 and so continue until the year expired. 
 The week's expences might be placed 
 in an inner column, as above, and the 
 weekly sum brought out into an outer 
 column, by having double rules for 
 pounds, shillings and pence, by which 
 means the whole expences for the year 
 would be comprised in the outer co- 
 lumn in 62 lines. Before I conclude 
 on this head, I am well aware that no 
 plan was ever laid down that did not 
 meet with objections, and I fear I can- 
 not be more fortunate than others in 
 F 
 
50 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Plan of House Expencos, 
 
 escaping them ; many were the obstacles 
 that presented themselves to me during 
 the completion of this work. Some would 
 say they wanted no instruction others 
 would charge me with presumption 
 by my proposing to direct them ; but 
 I was determined to proceed, and was 
 encouraged in my determination by 
 eminent Merchants, Brewers and Vint- 
 ners, who certainly were men of great 
 information and integrity, great orna- 
 ments in their respecth e -walks through 
 life, and whose names;! feel proud in 
 recording as subscribers;to this volume ; 
 and my opponents, I am sorry to ob- 
 serve, were, .generally speaking, igno- 
 rant and superficial. I must also, with 
 truth remade, (for it was too obvious), 
 that those who wanted information most 
 were the very persons who desired it 
 least, and seemed resolved to remain as 
 they were, without any] improvement. 
 And although I may not accomplish 
 this arduous work to the complete sa- 
 tisfaction of my respected and intelli- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 51 
 
 Plan of House Expences. 
 
 gent patrons ; yet, I am certain, to meet 
 irom them more indulgence and greater 
 allowance than from those who are in- 
 competent to correct or improve this 
 treatise. I will therefore add no more 
 on this part of my subject^ hoping that 
 I have simplified my plan as to House 
 Expences, and have not attempted the 
 matter without elucidating, in some de- 
 gree, what appears to be of great im- 
 portance to all classes of trades, and 
 which, of course, deserves a place in a 
 work designed to be useful and instruc- 
 tive to those for whom it is intended. 
 
 REGULATIONS 
 
 r2 
 
2 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 REGULATIONS 
 
 OF 
 
 WAITERS AND ATTENDANTS, 
 
 oo 
 
 IN VINTNER'S houses, though there 
 is generally a Master and Mistress, yet, 
 exclusive of servants for doihestic pur- 
 poses, they must, if they do any share 
 of business, employ assistants to attend 
 their customers. It is not the rule in 
 Ireland to pay when a person calls for 
 liquor until he drinks it, though in En- 
 gland it is the case, which is very much 
 to the comfort of the English Vintner, 
 preventing disputes which often occur 
 in settling reckonings : therefore those 
 assistants generally called waiters or 
 drawers, require to be closely inspected 
 with regard to the money they receive ; 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 53 
 
 Regulations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 Some persons I have known who draw 
 off a great quantity of porter and other 
 liquors in their houses; and must have ot 
 course many waiters, adopt a very good 
 plan, namely by giving each a certain 
 sum every morning, and accordingly if 
 any drink is called for, the Waiters pay 
 for it at the bar, which they are repaid 
 by the customer when settling ; by this 
 mode the Waiters have only to pay in 
 when closing the day's account, the 
 money they have received in the morn- 
 ing. This plan, I must confess, is a very 
 good one ; but where such a plan is not- 
 adopted, the persons who have charge 
 of the liquors in the bar should be par- 
 ticular in putting down whatever they 
 give ; to what room, seat o* place ac- 
 cording to the different names they give 
 the respective places for the accommo- 
 dation of the customers, and see that 
 such company is paid for by their waiters, 
 \ think where there are many waiters to 
 
 put down the name of such waiter to the 
 F 3 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Regulations of Waiters; &c. 
 
 number, or seat, or room, where the cus- 
 tomer or customers are, and make them 
 settle for such on the company leaving 
 it, might be easily done, as I observe 
 in many public houses small boards to 
 each seat where the reckoning is chalked 
 down by the waiter, now if corres- 
 ponding boards were arranged in the 
 Vintner's bar he might easily regulate 
 with regard to whatever liquor left his 
 bar. But this is not all that is required 
 some waiters are very unhandy, by 
 which the Vintner is much annoyed, 
 and company awkwardly served; other 
 waiters are very slovenly and dirty in 
 their appearance, and certainly it is not 
 so pleasing to receive liquor or any 
 other Other article from their hands ; 
 other waiters are very surly, disagreea- 
 able, and unaccommodating often re- 
 marking on the customer, and believe 
 me a customer does not seem satisfied 
 with remarks, he expects civil treat- 
 ment and is entitled to \t y if he behave 
 with propriety. May I be permitted t 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE.- 66 
 
 Regnlations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 give some friendly advice to a Vintner, 
 it is offered as it strikes me, and cannot 
 offend it is simple and easily complied 
 with, and I may add, almost certain if 
 followed, to render him service. To 
 come to the point, I conceive the Vint- 
 ner should be very particular as to his 
 waiters ; I know he often complains of 
 the sauciness of such ; they are at first 
 taken into the Vintner's house, per- 
 haps in distress, but with a fair charac- 
 ter ; for some time they are extremely 
 civil ? attentive, and obliging, until 
 they gather some little morhey ; they 
 then forget their former poverty, be- 
 come insolent and are parted with ; the 
 master through mistaken lenity, gives 
 them a character they do not deserve, 
 and of course this obtains him a new si- 
 tuation, until the same fault procures a 
 dismissal there. Now, I would advise 
 a Vintner when taking a waiter to in- 
 form him at his engagement that he 
 should be very circumspect^ acquaint 
 him with what he had to do, in fact to 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Regulations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 shew him in every particular the situa- 
 tion he was to fill, and be most positive 
 in solemnly assuring him that if through 
 negligence., staying out when sent of 
 messages, betraying any of his master's 
 secrets, or the smallest act of disho- 
 nesty, he would be parted with, and 
 that in his discharge, or any reference 
 made to him, the reasons would be par- 
 ticularly stated that he was parted with. 
 I am confident were masters uniformly 
 to make it a rule not to deviate from 
 this plan, that waiters would be more 
 civil, more attentive, act with greater 
 caution, and of course render their mas^ 
 ters more satisfaction, and there would, 
 I may add, be rarer instances of disho- 
 nesty. 
 
 And now as to how Customers should 
 be treated, I think it naturally follows, 
 that by observing what I have remarked 
 with regard to waiters, there would be 
 every probability of their being well 
 attended ; as to their being well treated. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 57 
 
 Regulations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 that must depend upon the Proprietor 
 of the house. In every business as well 
 as the public business, the better the 
 customer is treated the more will they 
 frequent where they receive such treat- 
 ment ; in other business a person does not 
 sustain so much injury from bad treat- 
 ment, or I should rather say from bad 
 bargain or bad value, and the reason is 
 obvious, what is so valuable as health ? 
 and what can possibly impare it so much 
 as the use of bad liquors ? therefore 
 it is my earnest entreaty to the keepers 
 of public houses, never, for any kind of 
 profit, to sell pernicious and adulterated 
 liquors. I have often been told by per- 
 sons in public business, that their neigh- 
 bours, dealing in the same distillery 
 and paying the same price with them 
 for their liquors, yet would sell such 
 at Id. per naggin, &c. or cheaper than 
 they could afford to do, and won- 
 dered how it could be done ; my reply 
 was certainly that the person who so 
 undersold must either not intend to 
 
68 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 Reflations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 pay for them, or mixed some pernicions 
 ingredient with them. This kind of 
 conduct in a Vintner or Spirit Dealer, 
 deserves the marked disapprobation of 
 every fair man, and I may truly say, it 
 is not treating the customers well, but 
 the reverse ;; I think it is the greatest 
 robbery a theft on the constitution 
 the deluded victim thinking he is tak- 
 ing a cordial, but in reality he is-d rink- 
 ing a slow but certain poison; to re- 
 medy this, I would caution every person 
 who frequents public houses, to shun 
 where cheap liquor is sold ; and 1 would 
 recommend the Vintner to keep up a 
 fair honest price on all his liquors, such 
 as will enable him to pay the brewer 
 and distiller, and leave him what is 
 called a fair profit^ a profit he can live 
 by, and not be discouraged, though he 
 may see his unscrupulous and dishonest 
 neighbour thrive in the world, on profits 
 obtained by the sacrifice of principal 
 and honour; but strictly adhere to the 
 golden and unerring rule of u doing as 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. -59 
 
 Regulations of Waiters, &c. 
 
 be would be done by;" always keeping 
 liquors of the best description in the 
 variety of kinds which he must be as- 
 sorted with. By adopting this mode 
 1 a in certain a set of good honest cus- 
 tomers will attach themselves to his 
 house, and recommend others to deal 
 with him : and in the latter end by pur- 
 suing this plan, he will acquire more 
 property than the venders of cheap 
 liquors. 
 
 i 
 
 WHY 
 
60 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 WHY SO MANY DECLINE IN 
 
 BUSINESS, 
 
 And where the blame of miscarriage 
 is to be imputed. 
 
 00 
 
 IT is melancholy to observe, but yet 
 it by no means weakens the truth of 
 the observation that multitudes of 
 persons embark in business, and few, 
 comparatively few, succeed. It would 
 be my earnest wish to lessen the num- 
 ber of the unfortunate, and sure I am, 
 that taking into consideration the con- 
 tents of this volume from its com- 
 mencement to the latter end, there is 
 nothing contained in its pages to fur- 
 nish an increase, but rather, I should 
 hope a diminution (agreeable to the 
 wish of the writer) of those who might 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 61 
 
 Why so many decline i.i business, 
 
 otherwise not succeed in business. I 
 have endeavoured to collect as much 
 useful information as I could obtain 
 with regard to every matter connected 
 with the business of a Vintner, and is it 
 not natural to suppose that many per- 
 sons do mxt&ucceed through ignorance ; 
 give thorn for instance the greatest in- 
 tegrity, assiduity, and even a good ca- 
 pital, if they know not what they are 
 doing, how can they succeed ? Is not 
 then, I will ask every man, to such a 
 person, a Treatise like the present of 
 use. The man who has been a long 
 time in business, and perhaps is adding 
 after all his experience year by year, to 
 his stock of information, is not, I pre- 
 sume, so self-sufficient as to think lie 
 cannot obtain further information, as 
 such he will find (I may hope,) many 
 things in this Treatise, that he did not 
 know beforehand as such will apprer 
 its value, and even the persons who told 
 
 me that they wanted no information, 
 G 
 
62 THE VIN T TNKR'S GUIDE. 
 
 Why go many decline in business, 
 
 implying by a general sweeping clause, 
 that they knew every thing relative to 
 their business, I trust if they would 
 peruse this work, will be candid enough 
 to acknowledge their mistake. If giving 
 the most approved system concerning 
 the treatment of wines, making cordials, 
 usquebagh, liquors, &c. and all the 
 i?*formation concerning Acts of Parlia- 
 irsent, which they will find in the conti- 
 nuation of this work, connected with 
 the preceding part, be essential to 
 those who devote their time to public 
 business, they will be satisfied at my 
 attempt (to call it by no better name) to 
 arrange them for their instruction. I 
 cannot be vain enough to imagine that 
 11 can alter the determined disposition 
 cjf many, and the irresistible inclination 
 they have to pursue their own plans. 
 In vain would I tell such persons 
 of the improvements making in the 
 arts and sciences, in manufactures and 
 4 oiiimerce every day, though apparent 
 **A tiiis enlightened age,, yet I would 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 63 
 
 And where the blame is to be imputed, 
 
 not endeavour to catch their at- 
 tention by such assertions, what there- 
 fore I cannot attempt with any proba- 
 bility of success, I must leave unfi- 
 nished, but I cannot help observing that 
 the plans I have laid down seem to me 
 very necessary for such as would make 
 their business profitable. Most persons 
 who do njofr succeed in business princi- 
 pally fail for vvant of method, they lay 
 down no principle and act by no settled 
 rule. The man who would thrive at 
 public business, should possess industry, 
 sobriety and honesty, a naturally civil 
 and obliging disposition, and enough 
 of good plain common sense to see that 
 he is not imposed on, either by his 
 customers, waiters, or those with whom, 
 he deals. Wherever a contrary disposi- 
 tion to what I have quoted unhappily 
 prevails you may put down the per- 
 son governed by such a disposition 
 a ruined man ; an inattentive Publican, 
 a sottish Landlord, or an uncivil or dis- 
 obliging one, rarely if ever succeeds. 
 G 2 
 
61 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 
 
 WBy so many decline in business, ' 
 
 The Landlord's business is to see 
 that his customers are comfortable ami 
 served with what they want ; but I may 
 ask, how can he do this when he is 
 intoxicated ? Again I may ask, how is 
 it possible for a Publiean to succeed in 
 business, who puts himself into a situ- 
 ation to affront his customers who 
 spends a large proportion of their daily 
 profits on himself? who wastes and da- 
 mages to the amount, perhaps, of half 
 what he drinks, and who gives his ser- 
 vants an opportunity of doing the 
 same, 
 
 But I will add no more on this head 
 -- -I hope I have satisfied the attentive 
 reader with the truth of my remarks, 
 which I have, perhaps, offered with too 
 much candour, but of which I think 
 there is an absolute necessity on the 
 part of the industrious and well-meaning 
 Yintner to comply with, as he hopes to 
 succeed in his pursuits. 
 
 EXTRACTS 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 65 
 
 EXTRACTS PHOM ACTS OP 
 PARLIAMENT. 
 
 47M Geo. IIL Sect. 2, Cap. 12. Enti- 
 tled an Act to make further regu- 
 lations, with respect to Licences, for 
 the sale of Spirituous and other 
 liquors by retail in Ireland. 
 
 25th July, 1807. 
 46tfi of Geo. HI. Cap. 70. Repealed. 
 
 2d. Section. And be it further en- 
 acted, that an act made in the 45tii 
 year of his present Majesty, entitled 
 an act for regulating licences, for the 
 sale of spirituous liquors, wine, beer, 
 ale, and cider, by retail, and for discou- 
 raging the immoderate use of spirits- 
 G 3 
 
66 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament, 
 
 ou6 liquors in Ireland, and all clauses, 
 provisions, and regulations therein con- 
 tained (except so far as the same are 
 altered by this act) shall extend and 
 be construed to extend to all licences, 
 for the sale, by retail, of spirituous li- 
 quors, wine*, beer, porter, or ale, cider 
 or perry, methegiin or mead, which 
 shall be granted at any time after the 
 passing of this act ; and to all persons 
 who shall, at any time after the pass- 
 ing of this act 5 sell by retail, any 
 spirituous liquors, wine, beer, pgrter, 
 or ale, cider or perry, methegiin or 
 mead, or either of them, as fully and 
 effectually, to all intents, constructi- 
 ons, and purposes, as if porter, perry,, 
 methegiin or mead, had been menti- 
 oned, and included in the said recited 
 act of the 4*5th year aforesaid. 
 
 3d Section. Every person or per-; 
 sons, who shall by himself, herself, or 
 themselves, or by any person employed 
 by them or acting for their benefit, 
 
\ 
 
 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 67 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 either within his or her house, out-house 
 or building, or within any hut, tent, or 
 other place whatever, or to be consum- 
 ed elsewhere, sell Spirituous liquors 
 in less quantity at one time, than two 
 gallons mixed or unmixed with water, 
 sugar, or other ingredients, or beer, 
 ale, or porter, or cider, or perry, or 
 metheglin, or mead, in less quantities 
 than a quarter of a barrel, or wine in 
 less quantities than one gallon (sellers 
 of bottled beer, ale, or porter, or of 
 bottled cider, perry, inetlileglin or 
 mead, excepted, who shall send the 
 same Abroad and not sell any to be con- 
 sumed in their own houses) shall be 
 deemed to be retailers, and to sell the 
 same by retail, within the meaning of 
 the said recited act of the 45th year of 
 King George the Third, and of this 
 present act, and shall be subject and 
 liable to all the regulations in the said 
 act contained ; and if not duly licensed 
 shall be subjected to all the penalties 
 and disabilities enacted against persons 
 
68 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of ParH'&ment. 
 
 -- ....... ------------ ' ' ' ... 
 
 selling spirituous liquors, &c. &c., by 
 retail without licence. 
 
 4th Section. Penalties of 45th of 
 Geo. III. to extend only to buyers of 
 less quantity than two gallons. 
 
 Section. All licences for retail- 
 ing spirits, &c. shall be issued by stamp 
 distributers. 
 
 Form of Certificate. 
 
 I, A. B. Clerk of the Peace of 
 
 do certify that I have liled 
 
 the security entered into by C. D. and 
 
 E. F. according to law, and that he, 
 
 (she or they) is or are duly entitled to 
 
 receive a license tor selling spiritu- 
 
 ous liquors, wine, beer, ale, or porter, 
 
 cider, or perry, metheglin or mead, by 
 
 retail at in the Parish 
 
 of (or if extra Parochfoi 
 
 in the Town land of ) in 
 
 this County (County of a Town or City 
 
 <r District of the Metropolis as the case 
 
 may be) until the 29th day of Septeoi- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 69 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 her, One Thousand Eight Hundred and 
 (mentioning the year) Dated this 
 day of One Thousand 
 
 Eight hundred and 
 
 A, B. Clerk of the Peace. 
 
 And in every Certificate which shall 
 be given by a Clerk of the Peace within 
 the district of the metropolis of Dublin 
 - the following words shall be added, 
 immediately before the date thereof, 
 viz. "And that the superintendent ma- 
 gistrate has certified that the said C. D. 
 (or C. D. and E. F.) is or are a proper 
 person (or persons) to be so licenced/ 7 
 
 6th Section On production of such 
 Certificate, the Stamp Distributer shall 
 grant licence. 
 
 7th Section Licence to bear date 
 when issued : penalty on such persons 
 as are authorised to grant licence, who 
 shall grant the same contrary to law 
 ,100, and to be incapable of holding 
 any office under the Commissioners of 
 
70 THE VITs'TSEPv's GUIDE. 
 
 - " Extracts from Ac's o! Parliament. 
 
 Stamp dut^s, or under any Commis- 
 sioner for collecting or managing any 
 other part of his Majesty's revenue. 
 
 9th Section Clerks of the Peace, 
 entitled to 2s, 6d. british currency, for 
 granting certificate, and subject to the 
 same penalties for granting a certifi- 
 cate contrary to law, as if it had been 
 a licence. Clerks of the Peace to trans- 
 mit an accurate list of all certificates 
 issued by them to the Excise and Stamp 
 offices in Dublin, the dates of such cer- 
 tificates, the names of the persons to 
 whom given, and the places mentioned 
 for the sale of such liquors, in like man- 
 ner as to penalties as are contained ki 
 the act respecting the transmitting of 
 licences. 
 
 10th Sections-Licences to sell spi- 
 rituous or other liquors by retail at any 
 fair in Ireland, shall be paid to sortie 
 distributer of staftYfrs, or persons ap- 
 pointed by commissioners of fetamp du- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 71 
 
 . Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 ties in (lie county where such fair is 
 held, and not to any collected of excise : 
 and such distributer shall certify sucli 
 payment upon the foot or back of such 
 licence, and is authorised to receive 
 2s. 6d. british currency for the same. 
 
 llth Section, Stamp Distributers 
 shall make monthly returns of licences 
 granted by them to excise and stamp 
 offices, and the sums of money received 
 in respect of licences by Magistrates 
 within three days after the first day of 
 every month, or within ten days after 
 such notice, forfeiture for neglect 207, 
 british currency. 
 
 12th Section-~45th George 3d, Cap. 
 50, Sect. 13, requiring attendance of 
 Stamp distributers, at Sessions, c. 
 repealed. 
 
 Allowances to Distributers granting 
 licences 2s. 6d. british currency, if the 
 stamp on such licence does not exceed 
 ,1.1. ; like currency in lieu of all other 
 
72 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 charges which such Distributer, or other 
 person might claim for sale of stamps 
 on su<*h licence. 
 
 13th Section Penalty on Distribu- 
 ter, &c. taking other fees than are 
 allowed by law, 100 british currency. 
 
 14th Section Grocers not liable by 
 this act to be Victuallers, Inn-keepers, 
 or Tavern-keepers, but shall not retail 
 less than two reputed quarts of spirits, 
 nor any liquor to be consumed in their 
 houses, under a forfeiture of 10 Brit* 
 ish. Vintners or Victuallers liable by 
 this act, to be constantly provided with 
 strong beer, ale or porter, and victuals 
 of good and second quality for sale, and 
 to supply all travellers who shall re- 
 quire it, with strong beer, ale or porter, 
 and victuals at a reasonable price. 
 See 45th of Geo. the 3d, c. 60. 9. 
 
 I5th Section Heirs of licenced per- 
 sons to have the benefit of licences, as 
 well as executors, under the 45th of 
 Geo. the 3d. c. 50. 23. 
 
THE VINTNER"?? euiuso 73 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 16th Section No person in Ireland 
 hall sell any spirituous liquors by 
 retail, between the hours of twelve of 
 the clock on Saturday night, and twelve 
 of the clock on Sunday night, nor shall 
 sell by retail any wine, beer, ale or 
 porter, cider or perry, metheglin or 
 mead, before two of the clock in the 
 afternoon, on a Sunday, (except to 
 travellers,) penalty for not obs\ 
 ing this act, for every offence I 
 Pounds, to be paid one moiety to ihe 
 use of the prosecutor, and ttfe^other 
 moiety to the church- wardens of the 
 parish in which the offence shall bf* 
 committed, for the use of the ppv 
 such parish* 
 
 17th Section Justices of the peace, 
 constables, commissioners of excise 
 stamps & their officers, may enter hinges 
 and require to see licences for retailing, 
 and seize liquors, and such liquors' ^rn i 
 vessels containing same, may be f 
 ceeded against, and coin 1 -- In 
 
THE VINTNEU'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 like manner as goods and chattels seized 
 and forfeited under any act relating to 
 the revenue of excise in Ireland. 
 
 18th Section Overseers of public 
 houses may be elected in every parish 
 twice in every year, by the parishioners 
 in vestry assembled, with the same 
 power as any constables or peace of- 
 ficers, aud every person not admitting 
 such overseers shall be subject to the 
 same penalties as persons not admitting 
 any magistrate or /constable ; and in 
 case any persons are found by such 
 overseer, not being inmates of such 
 houses, between the hours of 12 at night 
 aud 7 in the morning, on any day 
 of the week except Sunday, or at any 
 time whatever on a Sunday any such 
 overseer may proceed to remove such 
 persons in such manner as any magis- 
 trate or constable is by the said recited 
 act empowered to do, provided that ro 
 person dealing in spirit uousJiq^rs&Jiali 
 vote at any .such vestry, or lie appointed 
 an overseer, 
 
THE VIKTNEK'S or IDE. 7o 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 19th Section Orders for licences 
 by the Lord Mayor and certificate of 
 the superintendent magistrate of Dub- 
 lin, shall be entered into books, to be 
 kept by the clerks of the peace ; such 
 book shall be open at all times for the 
 inspect ion of any magistrate, and of the 
 comm issioners of inland excise and taxes, 
 and their officers, and the commissioners 
 for managing bis Majesty's stamp duties 
 and their officers, without fee or reward, 
 atid the superintendent magistrate in 
 the city of Dublin shall likewise enter 
 in a book to be kept by him for the 
 purpose, every certificate which he 
 shall give, stating that the person 
 therein named, is a proper person to be 
 licenced ; and such book shall be open 
 at all times for the inspection of any 
 magistrate and of the said several com- 
 missionersand their officers respectively, 
 and such superintendent magistrate 
 shall within two days after he shall 
 give any such certificate deliver an ab- 
 stract thereof to the said commissioners 
 II 2 
 
76 TEE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts ot Parliament 
 
 of inland excise and taxes, and to the 
 mid commissioners of stamps respec- 
 tively. 
 
 20th Section All penalties under 
 this act, and under the 45th of Geo. 
 III. shall be paid in british currency 5 
 and every penalty and forfeiture under 
 the said recited acts not exceeding the 
 ftum of twenty pounds british currency, 
 may be recovered before any one 
 Justice of the Peace in Ireland, within 
 his jurisdiction, in manner directed by 
 the said recited act; and all penalties 
 and forfeitures under the said recited 
 set or this act, exceeding the sum of 
 twenty pounds, may be recovered by 
 action of debt, bill, plaint, or informa- 
 tion, in any court of record in Ireland, 
 in inanner directed by said recited act ; 
 and all spirituous liquors, and all goods 
 or chattels seized and forfeited under 
 the said recited act or this act, shall 
 <nd may be proceeded against, and con- 
 demned in like manner as goods and 
 
run VINTNER'S GUIDE. 77 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 chattels aeizcd and forfeited under any 
 act or acts relating to the revenue of 
 excise in Ireland. 
 
 Extract from the Mutiny Act of the 
 Year 1824, important to Magis- 
 trates and Innkeepers. 
 Section 58 And be it further en- 
 acted, that all horses of officers and 
 men belonging to his Majesty's horse, 
 dragoons, artillery or commissariat, and 
 also all bat & baggage horses belonging 
 to any of his Majesty's other forces, and 
 also the horses belonging to staff and 
 field officers in his Majesty's forces 
 when upon actual service, not exceed- 
 ing for each officer the number for 
 which forage is or shall be allowed by 
 his Majesty's regulations, shall and may 
 be quartered and billetted, in Ireland, 
 in the inns, livery stables, ale houses 
 and victuallinghouses, and other houses 
 in which officers and soldiers are by 
 this act allowed to be quartered 
 and billetted, and that they shall 
 be received and furnished by the 
 
78 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 owners or occupiers of such inns, livery 
 stables, ale houses, victualling houses 
 and other houses in which they are so 
 allowed to be quartered and billetted, 
 with stables, and also with hay and 
 straw for such horses, at the rate of 
 eighteen pounds of hay and six pounds 
 of straw for each horse per night ; in 
 rases in which hay and straw shall not 
 be supplied by contract for such horses, 
 such owners and occupiers being paid 
 for tbe ( same the several rates that are 
 or shall be established by the Lord 
 Lieutenant or other sufficient authority 
 from time to time, the same to be regu- 
 lated by the average rate of contracts 
 for forage in Ireland. 
 
 59th Section And whereas Inn- 
 keepers -or others on whom such horses 
 as before recited may have been bil- 
 letted, have heretofore received an al- 
 lowance of four pence per w.eek for each 
 such horse, for the use of the stable 
 when the forage has been furnished by 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 79 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament, 
 
 contract, Be it enacted that from and 
 after the passing of this act, the said 
 allowance of four pence per week shall 
 continue to be paid only during the 
 time when such horses shall be provided 
 with hay and straw by contract, and not 
 by such Innkeepers or other occupiers^ 
 or owners as aforesaid. 
 
 60th Section Provided always and 
 be it further enacted that when any 
 of his Majesty's horse or dragoons, 
 or any other horses as aforesaid shall be 
 quartered and bil letted upon the owner 
 or owners, occupier or occupiers of any 
 ale-house, victualling-house, or other 
 house in which officers or soldiers may 
 be quartered by virtue of this act, who 
 have no stables, then and in such case, 
 and upon complaint made by the person 
 or persons having no stables, to two or 
 more Justices of the peace of the divi- 
 sion, city, or liberty where such horses 
 or dragoons, or other horses shall be $o 
 quartered and billetted ; and upon his or 
 
80 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 Extracts from AcN of Parliamnt. 
 
 their making such allowance in lieu of 
 his or their quartering ; such horse, or 
 dragoons, or other horses as such jus- 
 tices shall think reasonable, it shall and 
 may be lawful for such justices to order 
 the men and their horses, or such horses 
 only, as the case may be, to be removed 
 to, and quartered upon, some other per- 
 son or persons, who by this act are lia- 
 ble to have officers and soldiers quar- 
 tered and billetted upon them who have 
 stables, and to order and settle a pro- 
 per allowance to be made by the person 
 or persons having no stables, in lieu of 
 his or their quartering such horse or 
 dragoons, or other horses so to be re- 
 moved as aforesaid, and also to order 
 and direct that such allowance shall be 
 paid by the person or persons from 
 whom such men or horses shall be re- 
 moved to, or amongst the person or 
 persons to whom such men and horses 
 shall be so removed as aforesaid, or to 
 be applied in furnishing of quarters foe 
 the reception of such men and horses 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 81 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 as the case may require, and as such 
 justice shall think fit. 
 
 64th Section Penalty on Constables^ 
 <fcc. refusing to quarter, or taking 
 money to excuse any person from 
 quartering, and on persons refusing to 
 quarter soldiers and horses. Page 95. 
 
 In case any person liable by this act 
 to have any officer or soldier bilietted 
 or quartered on him or her, shall ne- 
 glect or refuse to furnish good and suf- 
 ficient stables, together with good and 
 sufficient hay and straw, for each horse 
 so quartered or billotted on him or her as 
 aforesaid, at the rate that is or shall be 
 established by any act or acts of Parlia- 
 ment in force in that respect, and shall 
 be thereof convicted before one or more 
 justice or justices of the peace of the 
 county, city or liberty within which such 
 offence shall be committed, either bjf 
 his or her own confession, or by the oath 
 of any one or more creditable witness or 
 
82 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 witnesses, (which oath such justice or 
 justices are hereby empowered to ad- 
 minister;) every high constable, con- 
 stable, beadle or other officer, or person 
 so offending, shall forfeit for every such 
 offence the sum of <*>. or any sum of 
 money not exceeding 5, nor less than 
 40s. (as the justice or justices before 
 whom the matter shall be heard shall, 
 in his or their discretion think fit), 
 to be levied by distrets and sale of the 
 goods of the person so offending by 
 warrant, under the hands and seals of 
 such justice or justices before whom 
 such offender shall be convicted, or of 
 one or more of them ; to be directed 
 to any other constable, within the coun- 
 ty, or city, or liberty, or to any of the 
 overseers of the poor of the parish 
 where the offender shall dwell, which 
 said sum of 6. or the said sum not ex- 
 ceeding '5, nor less than 40s. when 
 levied, shall be applied in the first 
 place, in making such satisfaction to 
 any soldier for the expencc he may have 
 
THE VI NT X E a' S G U i DE . 83 
 
 Extracts from Acts oi Parliament. 
 
 put to, by reason pf his not being 
 billet ted or quartered as aforesaid, as 
 such justice or justices .shall order and 
 direct, and the remainder shall be paid 
 to the overseers of thepoor of the parish 
 if in England, and to the church- war- 
 dens of the parish if in Ireland, wherein 
 the offence shall be committed, or to 
 some one of them, for the use of the 
 poor of the said parish. 
 
 Memorandum for the Dfym/y Commis- 
 
 % sary General* 
 
 The Lord Lieutenant has been pleas- 
 ed to approve of the sum of 12d 
 being paid to inn-keepers and others 
 having horses billetted on them, for 
 each horse, per night, until further 
 orders. 
 
 By Order, 
 (Signed;) J. FINCH. 
 
 Royal Hospital, May 2o, 182.1. 
 
84 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 Further particular s concerning granting 
 
 Licences and relating to Publicans, 
 
 taken from various Acts of 
 
 Parliament. 
 
 No Licence shall be granted to any 
 person not licenced the year preceding 
 (except in cities or towns corporate,) 
 unless he produce a certificate under 
 the hands of the Minister and the 
 major part of the church-wardens and 
 overseers, or else of three or four res- 
 pectable and substantial householders 
 of the place, setting forth that*such 
 person is of good fame and sober life 
 and conversation, and it stall be men- 
 tioned in such licence that the certi- 
 ficate was produced, otherwise the 
 licence shall be void. 
 
 By the 26th Geo. 2d, chap. 13. No 
 justice of the peace, being a common 
 brewer of are or beer, inn-keeper or 
 distiller, or a seller of, or dealer in 
 ale or spirituousliquors or interested in 
 any of the said trades, or being a victu- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUHDE. 85 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 aller or maltster, shall be capable or 
 have any power to grant licence's lot- 
 selling beer, ale or any other liquors 
 but the same, shall be void. 
 
 No person shall retail any distilled 
 spirituous liquors, or strong waters 
 without a license from the officers of 
 excise taken out ten days before he 
 shall begin, and such persons shall be 
 first licenced to sell ale or spirituous 
 liquors by two justices of the peace. 
 
 Recognizance and forfeiture thereof. 
 
 ON granting licenses for keeping any 
 common ale-house, or tippling-hbuse, 
 the person licensed shall enter into a 
 recognizance in ten pounds, with twu 
 sureties in five pounds each, or one 
 surety in ten pounds, as well against 
 the using of unlawful games, as also 
 for the using and maintenance of good 
 order and rule to be had and used 
 within the same, as by their discretion 
 shall be thought necessary and con* 
 
$6 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 .veuient ; and if such person shall be 
 hindered through sickness or infirmity 
 or any other reasonable cause, to be 
 allowed by the justices to attend iu 
 person, they may grant the licence 
 on two sureties entering in such recog- 
 nizance in ten pounds each. 
 
 The said recognizance with the con- 
 dition thereof, fairly written or printed, 
 shall forthwith, or ^.t .the next session 
 at farthest, be sent or returned to the 
 clerk of the peace under the hands of 
 the justices, to be by him entered or 
 filed among the records, and the clerk 
 of the peace shall keep a register or 
 calendar of all such recognizances, 
 and shall deliver to the justices at the 
 meeting for granting licences, a true 
 copy of such register or calendar. 
 
 By the 26th Geo. 2d cap. 31.. Any 
 Justice on complant or information that 
 sucli licensed person hath committed 
 eurjy fact, whereby in -the judgment of 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 87 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 such justice the recognizance may be 
 forfeited or the condition broken, may 
 by summons under hand and seal, re- 
 quire such person to appear at the next 
 general or quarter sessions, then and 
 there to answer the matter of such 
 complaint or information, and also may 
 bind the complainant, or any other 
 person, in recognizance to appear and 
 give evidence ; and the sessions may di- 
 rect the jury which shall there attend 
 for the trial of traversers, or some other 
 jury of twelve honest and substantial 
 men, to be then and there impannelled 
 by the sheriff, without fee, to enquire 
 thereof. And if the jury find that such 
 person hath done any act whereby the 
 recognizance is broken, such act being 
 specified in such complaint or in forma- 
 tion the court may adjudge him guilty, 
 and thereupon the court shall order the 
 recognizance to be estreated into the 
 Exchequer, to be levied to his Majesty's 
 use, and the said person shall be dis- 
 abled to sell any ale, beer cider. 
 
 12 
 
SS THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 perry or spirituous liquors for three 
 years ; and any licence granted to him 
 for such term shall be void, provided 
 that the justices at the request of the 
 prosecutor, or of the party complained 
 of, or of either of his sureties may ad- 
 journ the trial to the then next sessions. 
 
 And if any person shall be disabled 
 by conviction, to sell ale, beer, cider or 
 perry, he shall by the same conviction 
 be disabled to sell any spirituous li- 
 quors, any licence before obtained for 
 that purpose notwithstanding. And 
 every licence granted to him for selling 
 ale, beer, cider, perry or spirituous li- 
 quors shall be void, and if he shall sell 
 during such disability, he shall be pun- 
 ished as for selling without licence, and 
 a certificate from the clerk of the peace 
 (which he shall grant without fee,) of 
 such conviction shall be legal evidence. 
 
VINTM'.K'S <;rrt)E. 
 
 K\tr;u-N l 
 
 of Kmrers. 
 No common Hrener or retailer of 
 beer, or ale, shall use in the brewing 
 or working thereof, molasses, course 
 su^ar, honey, or composition, or extract 
 of supir, on pain of forfeiting tlie li- 
 (jnor, and also ,'!OO, halt* to the Kin^, 
 and half to him that \\\\\ sue in six 
 
 months, 
 
 And hy the lOthaiul llihof >Vill!an\ 
 (ha[).2l, ;M It* any eoimnon hre\ver 
 or n-tailer of heer <>; ale, shall use any 
 molasses, eoarsesn^ar, honey or conij)i)- 
 viiou, or extrai-t of sn-ar, in the hr. 
 ;n^, makiiii; or workiti*; of rniy j'.le or 
 heer: or if any common hrewer shall 
 recei\e into his custody any<jnan(:: 
 ihe said materials exceeding ie\\ potuuls, 
 iu^ shall forfeit one- hnmlred ponmls, t,> 
 be recovered and militated as by tile 
 law til'exc Isc, and the servant or others 
 Bting therein shall forfeit. '20 in 
 like manner, and in default of payment 
 sinll le imprisoned three inont: 
 i 3, 
 
&0 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 And by 9th of Anne, cap. 12 No 
 common brewer, innkeeper, or victual- 
 ler shall use any broom, wormwood, or 
 any other bitter ingredient (to serve 
 instead of hops^) in any beer or ale for 
 sale (except inf\ising the same after it 
 is brewed and tunned, to make broom 
 or wormwood, beer or ale,) on pain of 
 twenty pounds, half to the King and 
 half to the prosecutor to be levied as 
 by the laws of excise. 
 
 And by 12th Anne,stat. 1, cap. 2 No 
 common brewer or retailer of beer or 
 ale shall use any sugar, honey, foreign 
 grains, guinea pepper, essentia bina, 
 coculus India, or any unwholesome in- 
 gredient in the brewing of ale or beer, 
 or mix any of them therewith, on pain 
 of twenty pounds, to be recovered and 
 mitigated as by the laws of excise half 
 to the King and half to him that shall 
 sue. 
 
 Concerning 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 91 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 Concerning the measures of ale or beer. 
 By llth and 12th William, cap. 15 
 It is enacted that all innkeepers, ale- 
 house keepers, sutlers, victuallers, and 
 other retailers of ale or beer ; and every 
 person keeping any public house, and 
 retailing or selling ale or beer, shall re- 
 tail or sell the same in and from their 
 houses, by a full ale quart or ale pint 
 according to the standard of the exche- 
 quer, in a vessel made of wood, earth, 
 glass, horn, leather, pewter, or of some 
 other good and wholesome metal, made 
 and sized to the standard, and signed, 
 stamped or marked, to be of the con- 
 tents of the said ale quart or ale pint, 
 made from the said standard, which 
 shall be kept for that purpose, and 
 shall not retail and utter any ale or beer 
 in any other vessel not signed and 
 marked, on pain of forfeiting not above 
 forty shillings nor under ten shillings, 
 for every offence, half to the poor and 
 half to him that shall prosecute or sue 
 for the same, to be recovered before 
 
92 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 one justice by the oath of one witness, 
 and to be levied by warrant of distress, 
 rendering the overplus, deducting 
 thereout the reasonable charges : the 
 prosecution to be within forty days. 
 But it is not necessary that beer or ale 
 sold to be drank out of the house, be 
 carried away in standard measures ; but 
 it is sufficient if it be measured out by 
 the standard. 
 
 Inn-keepers, Publicans, and others suf- 
 fering tippling. 
 
 By the 1st of James, cap. 9 If any 
 innkeeper, victualler, or alehouse keep- 
 er, or tavern keeper, keeping an inn or 
 victualling house, shall suffer any per- 
 son inhabiting in any city, town corpo- 
 rate, market town, village, or hamlet, 
 where such inn, tippling house, or Sle 
 house, shall be, to continue drinking 
 therein, except such as shall be invited 
 by any traveller, and shall accompany 
 him only during his necessary abode 
 there, and except labouring and hands- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 93 
 
 Extracts from Acts ol Parliament. 
 
 craft men, in cities, towns corporate, 
 and market towns, upon the usual work- 
 ing days, for one hour at dinner time, to 
 take their diet in an ale house ; and ex- 
 cept labourers and workmen, which for 
 the following of their work by the day 
 or by the great, in any city, town corpo- 
 rate, market town, or village, shall for 
 the time of their said continuing to 
 work there, sojourn, lodge, or victual, 
 in any inn, ale house, or other victual- 
 ling house, and except for urgent and 
 necessary occasions, to be allowed by 
 two justices, he shall on conviction 
 thereof before the mayor or justice of 
 the peace, on view, or confession, or oath 
 of one witness, forfeit ten shillings to 
 the poor. And if any alehouse keeper 
 shall suffer any person inhabiting in 
 any city, town corporate, market town, 
 village, or hamlet, where such inn, tip- 
 pling house, or ale house, shall be, to 
 continue drinking or tippling there, as 
 aforesaid, he shall be disabled for the 
 space ol three years to keep any such 
 
THE VINTNER'S 6-uiDEr 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 ale-house i And if any ale-house 
 keeper shall be convicted of being 
 drunk, he shall, besides incurring the 
 usual penalties against drunkenness, 
 be utterly disabled to keep any such 
 ale-house, for the space of three years 
 next ensuing the conviction. 
 
 Detaining Goods for the Reckoning. 
 AN inn-keeper may detain the person 
 of the guest who eats, or of the horse 
 which eats till payment, and this he 
 may do without any agreement for that 
 purpose ; for men who get their live- 
 lihood by the entertainment of others, 
 cannot annex such disobliging condi- 
 tion, that they shall retain the party's 
 property in case of nonpayment, nor 
 make such disadvantageous and im- 
 prudent a supposition that they should 
 not be paid, and therefore the law an- 
 nexes such a condition without the 
 express agreement of the parties. 
 But a horse committed to an inn-keeper 
 may be detained only for his own meat, 
 
THE VINTNER'S euros. 95 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 and not for the meat of the guest, or of 
 any other horse, for the chattels in such 
 case are only in the custody of the law 
 for the debt that arises from the thing 
 itself, and not for any other debt due, 
 from the same party, for the law is 
 open to .all such debts, and doth not 
 admit private persons to take reprisals. 
 Also if an innkeeper, alehouse keeper, 
 victualler or sutler, in giving any ac- 
 count or reckoning in writing or other- 
 wise, shall refuse or deny to give in the 
 particular number of pints or quarts, or 
 shall sell in measures unmarked, it shall 
 not be lawful for him, for default of 
 payment of such reckoning, to detain 
 any goods or other thuigs belong- 
 ing to the person or persons from whom 
 such reckoning shall be due ; but 
 he shall be left to his action at law 
 for the same, any usage or custom to the 
 contrary notwithstanding. In like man- 
 ner if the inn-keeper gives credit to the 
 party for that time, and lets him go 
 without payment, then he hath waved 
 
96 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 the benefit of the custom and must 
 rely on his other agreement. 
 
 An inn-keeper that detains a horse 
 for his meat cannot use him, because 
 he detains him as in custody of the 
 law, and in consequence the detention 
 must be in the nature of a distress, 
 which cannot be used by the distrainer, 
 -but by the customs of London and 
 Exeter if a man commit a horse to an 
 inn-keeper, and he eatsout his price, the 
 inn-keeper may take him as his own, 
 upon the reasonable appraisement of 
 four of his neighbours, which was it 
 seems a custom arising from the abun- 
 dance of traffic with strangers, that 
 could not be known, to charge them 
 with the action, but the inn-keeper had 
 no power to sell the horse by the gene- 
 ral custom of fhe realm. 
 
 Goods of a Guest stolen out of an Inn. 
 By the law of the realm the inn- 
 keeper shall answer fojr those things 
 
THE VINTNER'S GL^DE. 97 
 
 Extracts from Acts oi Parliament. 
 
 that are stolen, within the inn, though 
 not delivered to him to keep, and 
 though he was not acquainted, that the 
 guests brought the goods to the inn, for 
 it shall be intended to be through his 
 negligence, or occasioned by the fault 
 of his servants, or himself; so if h 
 puts a horse to pasture, without the 
 direction of the guest, and the horse is 
 stolen, he must make satisfaction, other- 
 wise if with his direction. In like man- 
 ner, if an inn-keeper bids his guest to 
 take the key of his chamber and lock 
 his door, and tells him that he will not 
 take charge of the goods ; yet if (hey 
 are stolen he shall be answerable, be- 
 cause he is charged by the law with ail 
 things which come to his inn. Lord 
 Chief Justice Holt (unquestionably a 
 great authority) doubted whether 3, 
 man is a guest by setting his horse up 
 at an inn, though he never went im<> 
 tlie inn himself; but the other three 
 Justices held, that such a person is i*s 
 much a guest by leaving his horse : M -J 
 
98 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 
 
 Extracts from Acfs ot Parliament. 
 
 if bo staid himself, and it was so ruled 
 by the court, because the horse must 
 be fed, by which the inn-keeper 
 had gain ; otherwise if he had left a 
 trunk or dead thing. So if a man comes 
 to an inn with a hamper, in which he 
 has certain goods, and departs, leaving 
 it with the host, and two days after 
 comes Bgain, whereas in the time of his 
 absence it was stolen, he shall not have 
 an action against his host, because he 
 was not a guest at the time of stealing, 
 and the host had no benefit by the keep- 
 ing thereof, and therefore shall not be 
 chargeable with the loss thereof, in his 
 absence otherwise if -storage was to be 
 paid for their safe keeping, in which 
 case the amount being tendered charge- 
 able by agreement or rate established 
 by the usage of the inn, for in that case 
 the host becomes accountable, although 
 the owner be not a guest at the time of 
 stealing. 
 
 *f an attorney hire a chamber in an 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 99 
 
 Extracts from Ac's of Parliament. 
 
 inn, for a whole term the host is not 
 chargeable with any robbery committed 
 therein, because the party is as it were 
 a lessee. 
 
 If one comes to an inn and makes a 
 previous contract, for lodging, for a set 
 time, and doth not eat and drink there, 
 he is no guest but a lodger, and so not 
 under the inn-keeper's protection ; but 
 if he eats and drinks and pays for his 
 diet there, it is otherwise. 
 
 Soldiers billetted are guests. 
 
 Guests Stealing Goods. 
 A guest in a common inn arising in 
 the night time, and carrying goods out 
 of his chamber, into another room, and 
 from thence to the stable, intending to 
 ride away with them, is guilty of a fe- 
 lony, within the meaning of the statute, 
 although there was no trespass in taking 
 % them. 
 
 HOW 
 K 2 
 
100 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 
 
 HOW TO DEAIi IN WENES, 
 
 SO AS 
 
 ;> -%*i*iiflJ ben* 
 
 To ^?e Satisfaction to the Customer. 
 
 -U^i 
 
 THERE is not an article vended, by a 
 Vintner, Publican, or Tavern keeper, in 
 which he should be more particular, than 
 i n the choice of his Wines. In the ma- 
 jority of public houses, I am sorry to 
 say, there can hardly be met with any 
 drinkable, and even in taverns and 
 inns, the same remark will in most 
 cases hold good. It should, I think, re- * 
 quire very little occasion for argument, 
 to shew the dealers in this article, the 1 
 impolicy of having bad wines in their* 
 house.?, even though they should in 
 some cases, from the ignorance of their 
 
THE VINTNER'S GCIDE. 101 
 
 How to deal in W;:IPS. 
 
 customer, pass it off ; the imposition will 
 not increase his trade, nor are profits 
 obtained in such a manner ever so pro- 
 ductive, as what are obtained by fair 
 dealing, hence the necessity of great 
 caution how to deal in this article ; and 
 in the first instance every care should 
 be taken by the proprietors of those 
 several establishments to have their 
 wines pure and free from adulteration. 
 Many indeed who have been for years 
 in the wine business exclusively, have 
 often been deceived by the ingenuity 
 of wine coopers, and the avaricious pro- 
 pensity of the wholesale merchant, to 
 get more profit on the article than by 
 giving his wines to his customers in a 
 pure state would allow, imagining to 
 
 * swell his profits by imposing on those 
 who were to bottle them, or otherwise 
 
 * dispose of them to their customers, a 
 practice though too prevalent, yet it 
 
 * must be acknowledged deserves the 
 marked disapprobation of all those who 
 
 make the trade respectable, I 
 
J ( "" " .-rm.-.i T. 
 
 THE VINTNER S GUIDE. 
 
 How to deal in W lues, 
 
 therefore Jiope it will be considered an 
 -useful part of this work to give some 
 general directions concerning wines, as 
 to their choice; in the first instance con- 
 cerning their flavour, and to give some 
 more particular observations in conti- 
 nuation on the same subject : 
 
 Wines differ very much both in the 
 colour and flavour, but it must be ac- 
 knowledged that there are some sort of 
 qualities which are peculiar to all 
 wines, and accordingly, as they possess 
 them in the highest degree by so much 
 they are esteemed. 
 
 The goodness of wine consists in Its 
 being neat, (that is pure and unadulte- 
 rated) dry, fine, bright, and brisk, with- 
 out any taste of the soil or cask, of a 
 clear steady colour, having strength 
 without being heady, a body without 
 being sour, and keeping without grow- * 
 ing hard or pricked. Port wine, seems 
 to be a wine of most general use, and 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 103 
 
 flow to deal in Wines. 
 
 when it attains sufficient age, to gefc 
 mellow in the cask, I think not interior 
 to the best wines of France ; and with 
 regard to strengthening the constitu- 
 tion, 1 think if moderately drank, supe- 
 rior. But 1 regret to state, that from 
 the general consumption of this wine, 
 most uncommon pains have been taken, 
 both as to imitating its flavour and en- 
 deavouring to supply the weakness of- 
 ten occasioned ; indeed I may almost add 
 always, by adulteration : for this pur- 
 pose an artificial strength is resorted 
 to, by mixing a neutral and pernicious 
 spirit with it, instead of French or Spa- 
 nish brandy, the former of which how- 
 
 ^ ever is the best, without whicn the pro- 
 duct of the grape could not, when first 
 made into wine, be preserved for use in 
 cask. To such a fearful extent has this 
 system of adulteration attained, thai to 
 guard against imposition, I would ad- 
 
 & vise all who deal in this article, in quan- 
 tity, and do not import, to get it from 
 the quays before it is lodged in the mer- 
 
104 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 chant's store. This may be attended 
 with expense in the first instance, and 
 perhaps, Wines said to be of the same 
 description, may be purchased at the 
 vaults of the merchant cheaper and in 
 a more accommodating manner as to 
 payment ; but satisfied I am in my 
 mind, that buying on the quays, from 
 the port direct,. is the safest and best 
 way. 
 
 To those who do not buy in quantity 
 that is by the Pipe or Hhd..'; the only 
 mode I can possibly recommend, is to 
 deal with merchants of character, who, 
 was 1 in the trade, should have a deci- 
 ded preference as to my dealings; to 
 the many whose specious addresses on 
 the cheapness of their wines, so often 
 meet the eye in the public prints, for it 
 is too plain that the merchant who of- 
 fers terms cheaper for his wines, or any 
 other article of merchandize, than such 
 can be imported for, and leave him a 
 reasonable profit, is at best to be ccnsi- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 105 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 dered a fraudulent dealer, and there- 
 fore a person in whom it is unsafe to 
 place confidence. 
 
 Wines will not keep on draught unless 
 where there is a quick consumption for 
 them ; in such cases where the wine is 
 good it will taste as pleasant and 
 mellow as in bottle. Port Wine im- 
 proves much in bottle for three or four 
 years, it then begins to lose its colour, 
 and instead of that beautiful appear- 
 ance which it had if bottled in a good 
 state, becomes tawney, and the quality 
 begins to decline. The manner gene- 
 rally used in fining Port Wine is, with 
 the whites of eggs beat up and whisked 
 together with a small quantity of wine ; 
 the whites of about eight or ten eggs 
 will fine a pipe of wine, in a few 
 days if the wine be in a good state. 
 Try your wine before you attempt to 
 bottle it, by drawing some in a clean 
 wine glass, but always try it with a 
 candle, as day light will deceive you. 
 
106 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 It is almost unnecessary to mention 
 that wines bottled not perfectly bright, 
 having the lees floating through them 
 will never improve in bottle. As 1 
 before remarked, try if it is perfectly 
 bright, with a candle if you cannot 
 see the snuff of the candle distinctly 
 through the glass and no small parti- 
 cles floating through the wine, it is not 
 tit to bottle. Some wines may be more 
 difficult to fine than others and conse- 
 quently take longer to come round, 
 therefore it should be let remain in your 
 vault or store until perfectly bright, 
 and if possible avoid fining a second 
 time, as too much fining impoverishes 
 and injures the wine; when you throw 
 your fining into the bung-hole, use 
 your forcing rod, which is generally 
 made of iron tolerably long, so as to 
 reach to the bottom of the largest 
 cask, and a few rows of bristles each 
 side, put through the end of it. There 
 is a place for you to hold fast at the 
 top, and by working your fining thro* 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 107 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 with this instrument until you produce 
 a great froth, it will soon begin its ope- 
 ration as to fining. When you hung up 
 your cask let it be placed on a firm 
 stillion so as not to shake in any 
 manner. 
 
 The general fining for white wines 
 is, to take an ounce of isinglass, beat it 
 into thin threads with a hammer, and 
 dissolve it by boiling it in a pint of 
 water. This when cold becomes a thick 
 jelly, whisk it up with some of the 
 wine until it produces a froth ; then 
 use the forcing rod as before directed ; 
 bung it down tight and the wine wil!*be 
 fit for bottle in a few days. Be most 
 particular in seeing that your white wine 
 is perfectly bright before bottling, as 
 from the nature of its colour a mistake 
 in this circumstance is far more inju- 
 rious than to red wine. The same 
 circumspection being necessary with 
 regard to choosing your white wines 
 as I have recommended injt he preceding 
 
108 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 part ; with regard to Red Wines, I 
 would think it prudent to follow. 
 
 White Wines can be more easily 
 adulterated than red wines, particu- 
 larly on account of their colour, and 
 finding several liquors that will incor- 
 porate with them without being so 
 easily detected as with red wines ; cider 
 and perry, and a liquid extracted from 
 raisins have been mixed with them to 
 the serious injury of the wine, and 
 so nicely managed that they Lave 
 been fined down and prepared for 
 bottle. I knew an instance of an effect 
 produced by the bottling such adul- 
 terated wine which caused the loss of 
 an entire cask : )the mixture produced 
 lerrnentationin the bottles ; the liquors 
 became cloudy, got up and burst the 
 bottles. 
 
 Directions 
 
THE VINTNER S GUIDE. 109 
 
 How to deal in Wines. 
 
 Directions concerning the bottling oj 
 
 Wine. 
 
 Nothing is more important m thig 
 operation than that your bottles should 
 be perfectly free from every impurity, (ho 
 least dirt or moisture will be sufficient 
 to spoil a bottle of the finest wine. 
 Take, for instance, out of the same bina 
 two bottles bottled at the same time 
 and from the same cask, one will be 
 ill-tasted and undrinkable, and the 
 other well-tasted and improved in fia r 
 vour hence the imperious necessity 
 as you value your reputation in the sale 
 of your wines and for your more cer- 
 tain profit, to be most particular into 
 what bottle you put your wine. After 
 all this circumspection your wine may 
 be destroyed if you do not use good 
 corks they should be perfectly sou- d 
 end clean, otherwise they will give a 
 disagreeable taste to the wine, which it 
 will not get rid of, but which the log- 
 ger it is in bottle will the more encrease. 
 
 L 
 
110 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE 
 
 Directions concerning Brandy, &c. 
 
 To return to the article of your bottles 
 never bottle in them until they have 
 been several clays draining in your bot- 
 tle drainer. Avoid washing bottles in 
 frosty weather as it is very difficult to 
 have them perfectly clean, -the frost 
 operating on the water and congealing 
 the smallest particle in the interior of 
 f*he bottle ; in bottling your wine leave 
 sufficient cork room in the filling, and 
 Ictyoor corks be nat too short, for no- 
 tliing destroys the appearance of wine 
 in bottle more than a shabby parsimony 
 in this most material article. Fine 
 
 bright weather is always the best time 
 
 t? > D 
 
 for bottling wine ; cloudy damp weather 
 affects whie very much and prevents 
 its settling -so as to bottle with advan- 
 tage. 
 
 BRANDY. 
 
 Brandies are the highest priced spi- 
 rits, if got of the best quality. French 
 are confessedly the finest ; 
 fend Portuguese Brandies are 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. Ill 
 
 Directions concerning Rum and Geneva. 
 
 next in reputation, those are all pro- 
 duced from the grape, and conse- 
 quently partake of the nature and qua- 
 lities of Wine. 
 
 IUJM. 
 
 THE best Rum is imported from Ja- 
 maica, but there is also a very good de- 
 scription of Rum from Barbadoes, An- 
 tigua, and other islands. New Rum 
 is very pernicious and unless kept two 
 or three seasons on the island by which 
 it is much improved, is not a wholesome 
 liquor. That which is made in the 
 early part of the cane season and comes 
 home in the winter fleets is the best. 
 Rum when put into the cask is as clear 
 as water, it afterwards acquires a pale 
 yellow tinge, which it derives from the 
 staves of the puncheon. <&c. &c. 
 
 GENEVA. 
 
 THIS Spirit which is commonly call- 
 ed Holland, owing to the importation 
 of the article being principally from 
 Holland, is made by distillation from 
 
 L2 
 
JI2 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Directions concerning Bitters. 
 
 malt, with the addition of some juniper 
 berries, the powerful taste of which is 
 easily perceptible. 
 
 BITTERS, 
 
 To make an excellent Bitter, take 
 two ounces of peruvian bark, a quar- 
 ter of an ounce of snake- root powde** 
 a quarter of an ounce of salt of worm- 
 wood, a quarter of an ounce of saffron, 
 a quarter of an ounce ot coghneal put 
 the ingredients into two quarts of the 
 best brandy, (full proof) and let them 
 stand ^4 hours, every now and then 
 shaking the bottle. If brandy cannot be 
 had the sajne iHgredieats infused into the 
 same quantity of good malt spirits will 
 answer. The rind of oranges or lemons 
 steeped for some time in the brandy, 
 or other liquors before the other ingre- 
 dients are mixed with it, would much 
 improve the bitter. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS 
 
THE VI X TEH\S GUIDE. 
 
 NS FOR MAKINGS 
 
 ALL KINDS OF CORDIALS, 
 
 oo 
 
 CHERRY BRANDY. 
 
 To make this excellent cordial, obtain 
 the ripest cherries, (unripe or unsouii'l 
 cherries are unfit, and should not be 
 introduced) for every quart of cherries, 
 add one pound of sugar-candy, which 
 is preferable to lump sugar, you may 
 put two quarts of brandy of good 
 strength, and add a quarter of an ounce 
 of cloves ; in three months it will be fit 
 for use, and when the brandy is drawn 
 off you may put to the cherries another 
 two quarts taking care at the same 
 time to add a pound of sugar candy. 
 
 RASPBERRY 
 
H4 THI VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 RASPBERRY BRANDY. 
 
 RASPBERRY Brandy may be made in 
 vLe same way as cherry brandy: ihe 
 raspberries should be taken at the prime 
 nf the season and carefully picked^ to 
 he free from insects which they are very 
 liable to ; there is no necessity for brus- 
 ing before they are put into the brandy, 
 but occasionally shaking them in the 
 bottle or vessel, will extract all their 
 delicious flavour. This cordial will be 
 fit for use in a month or six weeks. 
 
 USQUEBAUGH. 
 
 To make this cordial in its highest 
 perfection you must take two gallons 
 cf the best Brandy, put to them a 
 pound of Spanish liquorice, half apound 
 of pun raissins, four ounces of currants, 
 and three ounces of sliced dates; the 
 fops of broom, mint, savory, thime, and 
 the tops of flowers. of rosemary, of each 
 two ounces ; of cinnamon and mace well 
 bruised a small quantity ; nutmegs, an- 
 nise.ed and, corrianderseed bruised like- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 115 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 wise of each four ounces ; citron and 
 lemon and orange peel scraped, of each 
 an ounce. Infuse all these ingredients 
 
 o 
 
 for forty-eight hours in a warm place, 
 often shaking them together ; then let 
 them stand in a cool place for a week, 
 after which the clear liquor is to be de- 
 canted off, and to it add an equal quan- 
 tity of neat white port, and a gallon of 
 cannary, after which it is to be sweet- 
 ened with a sufficient quantity of dou- 
 ble refined sugar. 
 
 II ATI FI A. 
 
 The chief ingredients in this much 
 esteemed liquorice, are apricot kernals, 
 bitter almonds, nutmegs, cloves, and 
 cinnamon, infused in brandy, hollands, 
 or old malt spirits, for ten days or a 
 fortnight; you may also add cherries 
 and cherry-kernals, bruised with a 
 pound of sugar-candy, to every quart 
 of spirits strain it through a flannel 
 bag until it runs clear, and then it is fit 
 for use. 
 
116 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 ANNISEED, PEPPERMINT, CAU- 
 RAWAY, CINNAMON. 
 
 THOSE cordials can be very expediti- 
 ously made, and be fit for use in a few 
 days., by infusion from the essential oils 
 of each, which are very easily had from 
 the druggists; as they are all made 
 upon the same principle, a general di- 
 rection will answer for the entire. 
 
 I will begin on the low scale of five 
 gallons, by which those whose consump- 
 tion of the article is trifling, can easily 
 make the quantity they want; a large 
 quantity may be made by multiplying 
 the ingredients, for instance, four times 
 the several ingredients for five gallons 
 will make twenty gallons, and in like 
 manner a larger quantity. 
 
 For Flee Gallons. 
 Take one- ha If ounce of the essence 
 and half a pint of the spirits of Wine, 
 which destroys the oily or greasy ap- 
 pearance of the essence; infuse on it 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 117 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 one gallon of the best malt spirits, dis- 
 solve three pounds of lump sugar, and 
 add it to them, with about two penny- 
 worth of saffron, some dry ed lemon peel, 
 beat in a mortar, and added to the above 
 will complete the whole; after mixing 
 all well together, put them into your 
 cask, which fill up with water, throw 
 in your fining, consisting of a small 
 piece of alum dissolved with a little 
 potash and the white of one egg, fo- 
 mented in a small quantity of warm 
 water well whisked up ; shake your 
 cask well, bring it up and place it in 
 a steady place for drawing it off and 
 you will have a most excellent cordial, 
 and as bright as wine in a very few days. 
 
 HOME MADE WINES. 
 
 TAKE new cider from the press, mix 
 it with as much honey as will support an 
 egg, boil it gently fifteen minutes, but 
 not in an iron, brass, or copper pot, ski in 
 it well, when cool let it be tunned, but 
 do not quite fill. In March following 
 
118 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 Instructions! f r making Cordials. 
 
 bottle it, and it will be fit to drink i IT- 
 SIX weeks, but will bo less sweet if kept 
 longer in the esk. You will by fol- 
 lowing the above directions have a rich 
 and strong wine, aod \i will keep well. 
 
 To make another description of Wine 
 equally rich., which if kept for two, or 
 ecen three years, wonld still imj) rove. 
 
 PUT five quarts of currants and a pint 
 of raspberries to every two gallons of 
 water, let them ' soak a night, then 
 squeeze and break them well, next day 
 rub them well on a fine wire sieve, till 
 all the juice is obtained, washing the 
 skin again with some of the water, add 
 to every gallon four pounds of good 
 soft sugar but not white, tun it immedi- 
 ately and lay the bung lightly on, do 
 not use any thing to work it ; in two or 
 three days, put a bottle of brandy to 
 every four gallons, bung it close but 
 leave the vent peg at top out for a few 
 days. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 119 
 
 Insiiuctions for making Cordiils. 
 
 BLACK CURRANT WINE. 
 
 To every three quarts of juice, put 
 the same of water unboiled, and to 
 every three quarts of liquor, add three 
 pounds'of very moist sugar, put it into 
 a cask, reserving a little for filling up ; 
 place the cask in a warm dvy room, 
 and the liquor will ferment of itself 
 skim off the top, when the fermen- 
 tation is over, and till up your cask with 
 the reserved liquor, when it has ceased 
 working pour in three quarts of brandy 
 to forty quarts of wine, bung it close 
 for nine months, then battle and strain 
 the thick part through a jelly bag until 
 perfectly bright, which may be bottled 
 and will keep ten or twelve months. 
 
 TO MAKE GINGER WINE. 
 
 PUT into a very nice boiler, ten gal- 
 lons of water, sixteen pounds of lump 
 sugar, with the whites of six or eight 
 eggs well beaten and strained ; mix all 
 well while cold ; when the liquor boils 
 skim it well ; put in half a pound of 
 
120 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 common white ginger bruised ; boil it 
 twenty minutes; have ready the very 
 thin rinds of seven lemons, and pour 
 the liquor on them ; when cool turn it 
 with two spoon fulls of yeast ; put a 
 quart of the liquor to two ounces of 
 isinglass shavings; while warm whisk 
 It well three or four times and pour 
 all together into the barrel, next day 
 stop it up ; in three weeks bottle, and 
 in three months it will be a delicious 
 and refreshing liquor, and though very 
 cool perfectly safe. 
 
 TO MAKE BERRY WINE. 
 
 To as many quarts of berries when 
 crushed, add so many quarts of water; 
 let it stand in a dry warm room for 
 eight or nine days (which will produce 
 fermentation) or until the fermentation 
 ceases; add when the liquor is drawn 
 off and strained, lib. of soft sugar to 
 each gallon, add to it a small quan- 
 tity of either Brandy or pure Malt Spi- 
 rits, and if the whole be about ten or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 121 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 fifteen -gal Ions, one quarter of an ounce 
 of isinglass pounded ; close up the 
 bung and place it in your cellar, or 
 store, whore it may remain, three, six, 
 or eight months; when drawn off add 
 to every five gallons, one gallon of the 
 best Sqirits, when bottled and well 
 corked, it will prove a most delicious 
 and pleasant Liquor. Note, the Berry 
 Wine may be made from white or red 
 .Currants, or Amber Berries. 
 
 TO MAKE COWSLIP WINE. 
 
 To every gallon of water, add three 
 pounds of lump sugar; boil them half 
 an hour taking off the scum ss it rises.; 
 when cool put to it a crust of toasted 
 bread dipped in thick yeast ; l^t the li- 
 quor ferment in the tub thirty six 
 hours ; put it then into the cask., and for 
 every gallon add the peel of two lemons 
 and the rind of one Seville orange and 
 one gallon of cowslip pips. It must be 
 carefully strained every day for a week ; 
 then to every five gallons put a buttle 
 
 51 
 

 THE VISTNER S GUIDE. 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 of brandy ; let the cask be C!OSG 
 bunged and stand only six weeks before 
 you bottle off: observe to use good 
 
 corks.. 
 
 ALDER WINE, 
 
 To every quart of berries put two 
 
 f|i*ari3 of water, boil half an hour ; 
 
 run the liquor, breaking the fruit, thro' 
 
 a hair sieve ; then to every quart of 
 
 juice, put three quarters of a pound 
 
 cf moist sugar ; boil the whole for one 
 
 quarter of an hour, with a small quan- 
 
 tity of pepper, ginger and cloves ; 
 
 pour it into a tub, (the liquor must b.e 
 
 kept in a warm place,) and when to- 
 
 lerably warm put it into the barrel, 
 
 -with toast and yeast to work ; when it 
 
 ceases fermenting -put a quart of brandy 
 
 eight gallons, and bung up your 
 
 cask. Bottle in the Spring or at 
 
 WHITE 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 123 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 WHITE ALDER WINE. 
 
 BOIL eighteen pounds of white 
 powder sugar, with six gallons of water 
 and two whites of eggs, well beaten; 
 then skim it, and put inapeck of Alder 
 flowers from the tree that bears white 
 berries, do not keep them on the fire, 
 when near cold stir it, and put in six 
 spoonfuls of lemon juice, four or five 
 of yeast, and beat well into the liquor; 
 stir it every day; put six pounds of 
 bloom or box raisins into the cask, 
 and tun the wine ; bung your cask 
 close, and in six months it will be in 
 prime order for bottle, and will much 
 resemble in flavour Frontiniac. 
 
 TO MAKE RAISIN WINE. 
 
 To every gallon of spring water put 
 eight pounds of new and soft raisins 
 into a large tub ; stir it thoroughly 
 every day for a month ; then squeeze 
 the raisins as dry as possible through a 
 horse hair bag ; put the liquor into a 
 cask, and when fermentation ceases, 
 M -2 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Instructions for making Cordials. 
 
 pour into it a bottle of the best brandy 
 or malt spirits ; bung it close for twelve 
 months; then draw off all that is per- 
 i'ectly bright, the remainder filter thro' 
 a bag of flannel of three or four folds, 
 until it is perfectly bright, and pour 
 into your cask according to its size, 
 either one or two quarts of brandy or 
 or malt spirits ; bung it up close, and 
 at the end of three years you may either 
 use it off the cask or bottle it. This 
 Wine if made rich with the fruit and 
 kept long improves very much as to its 
 flavour. 
 
 DIRECTIONS HOW TO MAKE 
 SACK MEAD. 
 
 To make this delicious liquor for 
 every gallon of water pour four pounds 
 of honey and boil it three quarters of 
 an hour, taking care to skim it ; to 
 every gallon add an ounce ofliops, then 
 boil it half au hour, and let it stand 
 til next day, put it into your cask and 
 to thirteen gallons of the liquor add a 
 
TH3 VIXTNF, ll's GUIDK. 123 
 
 Instructions for miking Cordials. 
 
 quart of brandy or rnilt spirits; let the 
 bung be lightly placed over it until the 
 fermentation cease, then bung it very 
 close. If you make a large cask keep 
 a year and it will be right good. 
 
 COWSLIP MEAD. 
 
 Pur thirty pounds of honey into 
 fifteen gallons of water, and boil until 
 one gallon is reduced, skim it and 
 take it off the fire, and add to it a dozen 
 and a half of lemons cut into pieces, 
 pour a gallon of the liquor boiling 
 hot upon them, put the remainder G(' 
 the liquor into a tub, with seven pecks 
 of cowslip pips ; let them remain there 
 all night, then put the liquor and the 
 lemons to eight spoonfuls of 
 yeast, and a handful of sweet briar ; 
 stir all well together, and let it work 
 for three or four days ; strain, it and 
 put it into the cask. Let it remain 
 six, months, and then you may bottle if, 
 
 IMPERIAL 
 
 MS 
 
THE Vr.VT.VER ? S GUIDE, 
 
 Instruction? f r making Cordials. 
 
 IMPERIAL POP. 
 
 PUT two ounces oi cream of tartar, 
 nnd the juice and parings of two 
 lemons, into a stone jar ; pour on them 
 rcven quarts of boiling water, stir and 
 cover close, when cold sweeten with 
 Joaf sugar and straining it, bottle and 
 cork it tight. Add in bottling half 
 a pint of spirits of the best kind. 
 This is a pleasant liquor and considered 
 wholesome. 
 
 WHITE CURRANT SHRUB. 
 
 STRIP the fruit and prepare in a jar, 
 as for jelly, strain the juice of which, 
 put two quarts to oae gallon of rum, 
 and two pounds of lump sugar ; strain 
 it through a jelly bag. 
 
 TO MAKE GINGER BEER. 
 
 To every gallon of water add one- 
 ounce of sliced white Ginger, one 
 pound of lump sugar, and two ounces 
 of lemon juice, or three large table 
 spoonfuls; boil it near an hour, take 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 127 
 
 Directions for making Spruce Beor, j. 
 
 off the scum ; then run it tli rough a 
 hair sieve into a tub, and when cool 
 add yeast in proportion of half a pint 
 to nine gallons ; keep it in a, temperate 
 situation two days, during which it may 
 lie strained six or eight times, then 
 put it into a cask which must he kept 
 i all, and the yeast taken off at the buna: 
 Lole with a spoon ; in a fortnight add 
 half a pint of fining (isinglass pounded 
 into shreds and steeped in Beer,) to 
 nine gallons which will, if it has been 
 properly fermented clear it ; keep your 
 cask full, and take off the particles that 
 rise up from the bung hole; when fine, 
 (which may be in twenty- four hours) 
 bottle it, cork it well, and in Summer, 
 it will be ripe and lit to drink in a 
 fortnight. 
 
 TO MAKE GOOD SPRUCE BEER. 
 
 BOIL about eight gallons of water, 
 then put fourteen pounds of molosses 
 or treacle, with a pot of the essence; 
 work all well together until every par- 
 
128 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Directions for Making Spruce Beer. 
 
 tide is fully dissolved ; then pour it 
 into your cask, which nearly fill with 
 water, shake the cask well, put it on a 
 firm stillion, and fill it up with hot 
 water ; add one quart of yeast or barm 
 to make it work, and when it works 
 over the bung until the froth becomes 
 clear and yellow, bung it up, and in 2 or 
 3 days bottle it off. No bottled li- 
 quor requires to have better corks; keep 
 it when in bottle standing up, and in 
 a cool cellar, otherwise it will break 
 the bottles. By pursuing the above 
 directions you will have as good Spruce 
 Beer as ever was drank. The above is 
 for a twenty gallon pot of essence will 
 just make half a barrel, and produce 
 about eight dozen when bottled oil. 
 The grounds of the beer will serve for 
 every future brewing without any fresh 
 yeast. 
 
 10* Spruce Beer is considered a most 
 wholesome drink when properly made 
 a great purifier of the blood, and a 
 most powerful anti-scorbutic. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Directions (or Making Vinegar. 
 
 DIRECTIONS TO MAKE VINE- 
 GAR. 
 
 To every gallon of water put a pound 
 of coarse sugar; let the mixture be 
 boiled and skimmed so long as any skum 
 arises; then let it be poured into pro- 
 per vessels, and when it is as cool &s beer 
 when worked, let a warm toast rubbed 
 over with yeast be put to it ; let it work 
 about twenty-four hours, and then put 
 it into an iron-hooped cask, and fixed 
 either near a constant fire or where the 
 sun shines the greater part of the 
 day; in this situation it should not be 
 closely stopped up, but a tile or flag 
 placed over the bung-hold to keep out 
 the dust or insects. At the end of about 3 
 months (sometimes less) it will be clear 
 
 
 and fit for use and bright enough even 
 for bottle. 
 
 3^* The longer kept, the stronger it 
 will be. The best time to make vine- 
 gar by exposing to the sun, is at the 
 commencement of April. 
 
130 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 -00- 
 
 it*.! .La. ..{><*. fi^ii/ 
 
 HAVING concluded the preceding ar- 
 ticles on wines, cordials, liquors, <fcc., 
 it may not be uninteresting to insert 
 in this place, extracts on Distilling, on 
 the most modern principles, from T. M. 
 Johnson and T. Exley's Imperial En- 
 cyclopaedia, lately published, and from 
 Martin's Circle of the Mechanical Arts, 
 &c. &c. 
 
 Distillation, scientifically considered, 
 may be regarded as a process of eva- 
 poration^ or volatization, performed in 
 vessels adapted to condense ami collect 
 the substance volatized ; in this way 
 of considering the matter, it would ill- 
 vide itself into three classes, accord- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 131 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 ing; as the substance obtained is solid, 
 fluid or gasseous ; our business is with 
 the fluid class, but we may previously 
 to entering .upon it observe that distil- 
 lation, where the principal product is 
 solid, is commonly known by the name 
 of sublimation, thus benzoin acid, or as 
 it is^called, in the shops Howers of ben- 
 zoin, is a product distilled from the 
 benzoin in the impure state. The dis- 
 tillation of gasses is confined alniOvSt 
 entirely to the experimental Chemist 
 mid Philosopher. 
 
 | The apparatus for the distillation of 
 liquor must consist of at least two parts, 
 viz. : The boiler or vessel ia which 
 the materials are heated, and the vessel 
 communicating with it, in which the 
 steam or vapour is condensed into a li- 
 quid. Distillation of liquids on a large 
 scale, is usually carried on in the still 
 reirigeratory ; the still for manufac- 
 turers, consists of a boiler fixed on mea- 
 sonry, with a fire place beneath it ; of a 
 
132 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Pistil ling. 
 
 head, or capital, as it is called, which 
 is a hallow globe fitting upon the boil- 
 er, and with its upper part drawn out 
 into a curved pipe of decreasing diame- 
 ter, which describes a complete arch, 
 and terminates at the upper part of the 
 serpentine .or worm in which it fits. 
 The latter is a long pipe with a regularly 
 decreasing diameter, which is arranged 
 in a spiral form in the middle of a 
 large tub of cold water, by means of 
 *vjiieh the vapour is condensed, and 
 trickles down in a small regular stream 
 from the lower end of the worm, where 
 it emerges from the side of the tub. 
 The boiler of the still is generally made 
 of tinned copper, as well as the lower 
 part of the capital, but the arched ter- 
 mination of the latter as well as of the 
 whole worm, are of pewter. The join- 
 ing between the boiler and the capital 
 requires to be luted with slips of blood- 
 ed and well made paste. The line of 
 the tube from the arch of the capital to 
 the bottom of the worm, should be an 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 133 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 uniformly descending spiral to prevent 
 any lodgment of the distilled Jiquor, 
 and some nicety is required in largo 
 stills, to give the worm an exact degree 
 of slope. The management of the fire 
 is of great importance in all destinations 
 to avoid on the one hand boiling over 
 or burning the ingredients by too 
 great a heat, and the other to keep 
 up the fire sufficiently strong, to afford 
 an even regular evaporation into the 
 condensing part of the apparatus. When 
 too much heat is used, there is a danger 
 of the capital being blown off, by the 
 great excessive force of the vapour, 
 which is too suddenly generated, and 
 cannot be condensed with suOlcient ra- 
 pidity ; or else the liquor in the boiler 
 rises up into the capital, and Mows over 
 into the serpentine. The latter acci- 
 dent, as it may be called, is perceived 
 by the liquor coming out at the bottom 
 of the serpentine, not in a clear uniform 
 stream, bui by gushes and starts, with a 
 
134 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 guggling noise, and coloured and 
 fouled ; when the stream of distilled 
 water Hows evenly, and the boiling Ji- 
 quor is heard to simmer moderately 
 within the still, the process will be 
 know n to go on properly. 
 
 The great object of the distiller 
 ought to be, to procure a spirit perfectly 
 flavourless, which it is admitted is not 
 an easy task. The materials for dis- 
 tillation that have in this country been 
 used in large quantities, are malt, mo- 
 losses or treacle and sugar. All these 
 (but sugar the least) abound with an 
 oily matter, which rising wjjth the spi- 
 rit, communicates a disagreeable tia- 
 . your, from which it is with the utmost 
 difficulty freed. Previously to the ope- 
 ration of distillation, those of brewing 
 and fermentation are necessary. Me- 
 thods have been suggested, and we be- 
 lieve carried into practice, for reduc- 
 ing the brewing 1 and fermentation to 
 . c? o 
 
 'me operation, which are ?aid to im- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 135 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 prove the spirit in quality, and greatly 
 augment in quantity. On this princi- 
 ple, the following recipe has been 
 given, for fermenting malt for distil- 
 lation, in order to get its spirit : Take 
 ten pounds of malt reduced to fine meal, 
 and three pounds of common wheat 
 meal ; add to- these- two gallons of wa- 
 ter, and stir them well together, then 
 add five gallons of water, boiling hot, 
 and stir the whole well together. Let 
 the entire stand two hours, and then 
 stir it again, and when grown cold, add 
 to it two ounces of solid yeast, and set it 
 by, loosely covered in rather a warm 
 place to ferment. This is said to be 
 the Dutch method of preparing what 
 is technically called the wash for malt 
 spirit, which com mod iou sly reduces 
 the two processes of brewing and fer- 
 mentation to a single operation. l!i 
 London and its neighbourhood, the 
 method is to draw and mash for spirits 
 as thev do for beer, except that instead 
 N 2 
 
136 TH VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distillin. 
 
 of boiling the wort they pump it into 
 coolers, and after wards draw it into 
 casks* to be there fermented with yeast. 
 Thus, in the opinion of some persons 
 conversant with the subject, they be- 
 stoW twice as much labour, as neces- 
 *ary, &mt l&m a krg quantity f the!? 
 fsipirits by leaving tbt gross bottom out 
 of the still for fear of burning, 
 
 All simple spirits may be considered 
 in their different states of low wines, 
 proof spirits and aleohol,~the flmt 
 contains only one-sixth of spirit to 
 five-sixths of watersproof spirits con- 
 tain one-half of totally iriflamable spirit, 
 -and alcohol very pure consists wholly 
 of spirit without admixture or adulte- 
 ration. 
 
 Malt low Wines which is the first 
 state after Distillation, from the wash, 
 prepared in the usual way, are exceed- 
 ingly nauseous, owing to the gross oil 
 of the malt ih:it abounds in it; when 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 137 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 tihese are distilled gently and by a slow 
 fire into proof spirits, they have a con- 
 siderable quantity of this foetid oil be- 
 hind in the still, with the phlegm the li- 
 quor loses its milky colour and is perfect- 
 ly clear and bright. When proof spirit 
 from malt is distilled over again to be 
 brought into the state of alcohol the 
 utmost attention'must be paid to the firr, 
 or some of the oil will be forced over 
 and injure the whole process the use 
 of the Balneum Mariae instead of the 
 common Still, though a much more te- 
 dious process, would effectually prevent 
 this mischief, and give a puier spirit in 
 one rectification than could be produced 
 in many, according to the common 
 methods. 
 
 Malt spirits, and indeed spirits IV 
 other substances, must be brought into 
 the state of alcohol before it is adapte 
 to internal uses, after which it is said ya 
 be more fit for all the various internal 
 uses than even French Brandy, it 
 
138 THE VINTNEU'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 by this purification, a more uniform, 
 hungry, tasteless spirit than any other 
 spirits which are frequently esteemed 
 much better: a quarter of malt, accord- 
 ing to its goodness and the season of 
 the year, will afford from eight to 
 fourteen gallons of alcohol. The 
 Dutch never give it any further recti- 
 fication than this they distil the wash 
 into low wines and then at once into full 
 proof spirit, from which they manufac- 
 ture their celebrated Holland Geneva, 
 which they export to foreign countries. 
 Malt spirits in its un rectified state 
 is usually found to have the common 
 bubble-proof which makes it a market- 
 able commodity,, and which is obtained 
 by mixing with it a certain portion of 
 the gross oil of the malt ; this, indeed, 
 gives the rectifier much trouble, if he 
 requires a very (ine'and pure spirit, bu't 
 in general he does not concern himself 
 rj)out this, but mixe* it still stronger 
 by alkaline salts, and disguises its taste 
 bv the addition of flavouring ingmli- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 139 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 ents. The spirit loses in these processes 
 the various character which it had when 
 it^eame out of the hands of the malt 
 tiller, and is in all respects inferior 
 xcept in the disguise of a mixed fla- 
 vour. The alkaline salts used by the 
 rectifier destroy ing- the natural vinousity 
 of the spirit : it is necessary to add an 
 extraneous acid to give it a new one, and 
 this is frequently what is denominated 
 in the shops " spirltus nitrosi dulcis," 
 and the common method of applying it, 
 is the mixing it to the taste with rec- 
 tified spirit ; and it is said to be this 
 that gives the English malt spirit a fla- 
 vour something like brandy, which fla- 
 vour is, however, very apt to Hy off, 
 and accordingly experienced manufac- 
 turers recommend the addition of a pro- 
 per quantity of Glauber's strong spirit 
 of nitre to the spirit in the still. By 
 this means the liquor comes over im- 
 pregnated with it, the acid is more 
 intimately mixed and the flavour is re- 
 tained. The action of the alkaline is 
 
110 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 thus explained there is a greater at- 
 traction or affinity between the alka- 
 line salt and the water than between 
 the water and the spirit, of course the 
 salt combines with the water contained 
 in the spirit, and sinks with it to the 
 bottom. 
 
 One great object with distillers ia 
 this country is, a method of imitating 
 the foreign spirits, particularly Brandy 
 and Holland Gin it may not, there- 
 for^, be amiss to describe the modrs 
 adopted in France for the distillation 
 of spirits from their wines. 
 
 As brandy is extracted from wines, 
 and as these are very different accord- 
 ing to the grapes, from which they 
 are made ; we may expect, that there 
 would be, as experience tells us, there 
 really is a considerable difference ia 
 the flavour of foreign brandies. Every 
 soil and climate, every variety of grape* 
 varies with regard to the quantity and 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 141 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 quality of the spirit extracted from 
 them some wines are proper for dis- 
 tillation, others not at all so. 
 
 The wines manufactured in Langue- 
 doc and Provence, afford a great deal 
 of brandy by distillation ; but these of 
 Orleans and Blois, afford itill larger 
 quantities 5 but the best and what are 
 deemed the highest flavoured brand ie* 
 are those distilled from grapes, that 
 are produced in the territories of Cog- 
 mac and Andaye, Hence in every 
 public house the people are enticed by 
 a notice that the bent Cogniac brandy 
 is to be had there, whereas they proba- 
 bly deal in none that i$ not manufac- 
 tured in their own neighbourhood, 
 
 Every thing that relates to the dis- 
 tillation of wines may be confined or 
 reduced to two principles : 1st, to com- 
 municate an equal heat to all the parts 
 of the mass of liquids, and to apply to 
 them ail the heat which is disengaged 
 by combustion. 
 
142 THE VIMTNER'S 
 
 Distillin. 
 
 2. To condense expeditiously and 
 entirely all the vapours which arise. 
 
 The construction of the furnace pro- 
 duces the first effect* 
 
 The disposition of the grate throws 
 the tire place under the anterior half ot 
 the diameter of the boiler, HO that this 
 part receives the direction of the heat of 
 the fire place, and as the current of air 
 always tends to carry the flame and the 
 heat towards the chimney, it strikes in 
 its passage against the other part of the 
 bottom of tne boiler. 
 
 The same current then rushes into 
 the spiral flue, and applies itself to the 
 whole lateral surface of the boiler where 
 it spends its heat, so that the liquid is 
 inveloped with all the heat that is dis- 
 engaged from the com bust ible. 
 
 The form of the boiler greatly facili- 
 tates the suction of the fire. Exclusive 
 of the advantages -which have already 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 been mentioned, the concavity of its 
 bottom contributes to augment the 
 e fleet of the heat by applying it to a 
 larger surface. 
 
 Te produce the second -effect, or to 
 condense expedioiously the vapours 
 which pass into the worm, nothing more 
 is necessary than to keep cold water 
 around k. For this purpose fresh 
 supplies of water are made to enter at 
 the bottom of the worm, and the heated 
 water is drawn off from the top. 
 
 When it is possible to have a con- 
 stant current, the water always keeps 
 at a cool temperature and the spirits 
 exhales scarcely any smell because 
 it is highly condensed. 
 
 The new apparatus for Distilling, is 
 Wolfs apparatus : It consists of a 
 cauldron fixed in a furnace and a series 
 of circular boilers which communicate 
 with each other by means of pipes. 
 The apparatus is terminated by a worm. 
 
144 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 The improvements successively made 
 in the process of Distillation have pro- 
 duced spirits infinitely more mild than 
 those obtained by .the old processes. 
 The latter have an empyreumatic or 
 burnt taste, but the consumers, es- 
 pecially in the North of France, were 
 so accustomed to it th&t for some time 
 they refused to drink the more pleasant 
 and milder tasted spirits, so that the 
 distillers were obliged to render them 
 empyreumatic by the admixture of 
 burnt spirits in order to suit their taste. 
 Wines furnish more or less spirits ac- 
 cording to their degree of spirituosity, 
 a very generous wine yields one third 
 of its weight of spirit. In Languedoc 
 the average produce is one fourth, 
 the wines of Bordeaux yield one-fifth, 
 and those of Burgandy not so much. 
 
 In distilling, for the purpose of ex- 
 tracting spirits, you continue the ope- 
 ration till no more spirit of wine passes 
 or till the produce teases to be inflam- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 niable. The Distiller forms a judgment 
 of the degree of spirituosity of the li- 
 quor which is distilling, by the num- 
 ber and size of the bubbles produced 
 by agitating the liquor, and by the 
 longer or shorter time of their duration. 
 For this purpose he either pours it from 
 one glass to another, letting it fall from 
 a considerable height ; or he fills a long 
 bottle two thirds full, and stopping it 
 with his thumb, he shakes and strikes 
 it with force against the hollow of his 
 hand to form bubbles. 
 
 It is chiefly in consequence; of the 
 ascent of bodies of greater lexity with 
 certain bodies of greater volability that 
 there is so much difficulty here of 
 imitating the foreign vinous spirits of 
 oilier countries, as for example, 
 French Brandies and West India Hums, 
 ;;11 these are remarkable by the charac- 
 ters of the essential oil that ascend s 
 with the spirit, and which gives it the 
 peculiar flavour by which one spirit 
 O 
 
146 THE VINTNER'S GUI&E., 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 differs fYorn another. Now we pan ob.~ 
 tain an essential oil from any of the 
 vegetables that furnish these different 
 spirits ; but we cannot as we have seen, 
 readily obtain a spirit altogether taste- 
 less & destitute of some sort of essential 
 oil, still combining with it, Could we 
 dp this, we could manufacture to per* 
 feetion an artificial Cognjac Brandy or 
 Jamaica Rum, but as we .-cannot wholly 
 .separate the inhereivt^^ential oil from 
 the purest and .wo$t ; colourless ; and 
 the most insipid spirit we can jobtaiu 
 when we add the esseatil oil with which 
 v;e mean to flavour it, the union of the 
 two oils, give us a different result, and 
 betrays the artifice to those who are ac*- 
 quamted with the taste of the genuine 
 material. 
 
 In order, then, to s prepare the oil 
 of wine or of the grapes from which 
 French brandies are distilled, which are 
 generally the worst that the country 
 ds, the> best being selected for the 
 
VINTNER'S GUIDE. 147 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 process of wine itself, as yielding a far 
 ampler profit. Take some cakes of dry 
 wine lees, dissolve them in six or eight 
 times their weight of water, distil the 
 liquor with a slow fire, and separate the 
 oil, reserving for only the nicest uses that 
 which comes over first the succeeding 
 ell being considerably coarser and more 
 resinous. Having procured this fine 
 oil of wine it may be dissolved in anco- 
 hol, by which means it may be pre- 
 served a long time, fully possessed of 
 all its flavour, but otherwise it will 
 soon grow rancid. 
 
 With a fine essential oil of wine thus 
 procured, and a pure and tasteless spi- 
 rit, French Brandy may be imitated to 
 some degree of perfection ; but, with re- 
 gard to the colour, a particular method 
 is required, which may be effected by 
 means of treacle and burnt suar. 
 
 
 The spirit distilled from molasses or 
 treacle is tolerably pure; is is made 
 6 2 
 
118 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 .rcm conimou treacle, dissolved ia wa- 
 ter and fermented in the same manner 
 as the wash for the common malt spirit ; 
 
 but if some particular 'art be not used 
 in distilling this spirit, it will not prove 
 so vinous as malt spirit but less pun- 
 gent and acrid though much cleaner 
 tasted as its essential oil is of a less of- 
 fensive flavour. 
 
 Therefore, if good fresh wine lees, 
 abounding in tartar, be well fermented 
 with molasses the spirit will acquire a 
 greater vinousity and briskness, and 
 approach nearer to the nature of fo- 
 reign spirits. Where the molasses spi- 
 rit is brought to the common proof 
 strength, if it be found not to have 
 a sufficient vinousity, it will be very 
 proper to add some dulcified spirit of 
 nitre, aud if the spirit be clear worked, 
 it may, by'this addition only, be made to 
 pass for French brandy. Great quanti- 
 ties of this spirit are used in adulterat- 
 ing foreign brandies, rum and arrack; 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 149 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 much of it is also used in making cherry 
 brandy & other cordials by infusion ; but 
 in them all, many persons prefer it to fo- 
 reign brandies. Molasses like all other 
 spirits is entirely colou rless when first ex- 
 tracted, but rectiHers-always give it as 
 nearly as possible the colour of foreign 
 spirits. 
 
 In a similar manner wo, may imitate 
 foreign spirits of all kinds. Thus if 
 Jamaica Rum be our object instead of 
 French Brandy, it will only be necessary 
 to procure some of the tops of the su- 
 gar canes from which an essential oil 
 being drawn and mixed with clear mo- 
 lasses, spirits will give it the real fla- 
 vour, or at least a flavour as true as a 
 spirit not totally divested of all es- 
 sential flavour of its own can possibly 
 communicate. The principal difficulty, 
 therefore, must still lie in procuring a 
 spirit totally or nearly free from all 
 flavour of its own. 
 
 To rectify their spirit into Holland. 
 O3 
 
150 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Distilling. 
 
 G'Jn, tlie Dutch distillers add to every 
 20 gallons of spirit of the second ex- 
 traction^ about the strength of proof 
 spirit, 3 Ibs. juniper berries, and 2 oz. 
 of oil of juniper, and distil with a slow 
 i're, till the feints begin to ascend, then 
 rhange the receiving can, this produ- 
 ces the best Rotterdam Gin ; ah inferior 
 kind i.s made with a less preparation of 
 berries, sweet fennel seeds, and Stras- 
 burgli turpentine, with a small drop of 
 juniper oil. This last is esteemed 
 wholesome,, and though still inferior to 
 that of Rotterdam, is produced in very 
 large quantities at Welsopp*. 
 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE 
 
 To Make Potteen. 
 
 TO MAKE POTTEEN. 
 
 THE very ^reat quantity of Illicit 
 spirits denominated Potteen, which has 
 been for several years distilled in Ire- 
 land, and which required so many va- 
 rious acts of Parliament to prevent, 
 has acquired such a celebrity, for that 
 article, that a short description of the 
 manner in which it is made may not be 
 uninteresting : - 
 
 STEEP Oats or Barley 24 hours in 
 water luke warm, and spread it on a dry 
 earthen floor, turn it for the first three 
 days twice a day, till it begins to grow, 
 after which turn it much oftner, to 
 check the growth ; after lying about a 
 a week get it kiln-dried and ground. 
 Take (for instance,) five barrels of 
 malt, and sift about two barrels and a 
 quarter of the tine part from the rest; 
 put the coarse part into a kieve, when 
 it cools barm it. Let it work in the 
 barm for twenty- four hours, then add the 
 ^ack or fine part which you had before 
 
.an i a a- '"K:i*.'iy:i/ xi 
 152 THE VJNTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 ........ To Make Potteen. 
 
 sifted, let it remain in back about thirty 
 hours, then single it off through the 
 still and worm, placed as directed 
 before, when all is run off it is called 
 singlings. Put it all back again into 
 the still, lute the head on as before 
 and double it, when you will have ex- 
 cellent spirits, carefully observing to 
 keep the still regularly supplied with 
 fuel, but not so as to make it bubble 
 or guggle in the worm. If such stills 
 could be made with a copper bottom 
 and tinned inside, it would tend to 
 improve the flavour of the spirit, and 
 could run off much quicker. 
 
 Each barrel of malt properly han- 
 dled, will produce six gallons of good 
 spirits. 
 
 . 
 . 
 
 .VINTNERS 5 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 163 
 
 VINTNERS' ASYLUM 
 
 OF .DUBLIN, 
 
 Kern arks thereon, opportunity of Es- 
 tablishing a permanent Charity there, 
 which is much wanting. 
 
 oo 
 
 ON Thursday, the2d of April, 1818, 
 a general Meeting of the Vintners of 
 the city of Dublin, was held at the 
 Tailor's Hall in Back-lane, for the 
 purpose of creating a Fund, & Opening 
 and Endowing an Asylum for the many 
 deserving distressed belonging to their 
 trade or business. 
 
 This meeting was most numerously 
 and respectably attended. Mr. WIL- 
 LIAM KANE, presided as Chairman, on 
 the occasion. 
 
 After much desultory conversation 
 upon the object of their meeting, and 
 
154 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublir*. 
 
 in course of which it was fully 
 proved ,that Publicans ~o,p. ^miners 
 and their children were excluded 
 from becoming objects of relief in the 
 various charitable institutions of this 
 City, to Which it was asserted the Virit- 
 *ers were as liberal contributors, as far 
 a* their means allowed, as any of their 
 fellow citizens ^ and m addition to- this- 
 unfair exclusion from participating even 
 in their own charity y there was also 
 mentioned as a most mortifying and 
 indeed an unreasonable objection, an 
 established rule, against receiving as 
 bail for any charitable loan (advanced 
 to tradesmen and others and which is 
 repaid by a small weekly sum,) any 
 person who was a retailer of malt or 
 spirits, in the city of Dublin : as to 
 the solvency and sufficiency of the Vint- 
 ner as bail, it was of no avail whatever, 
 his being a Vintner or Publican dis- 
 qualified him from being accepted of 
 as bail even for the most paltry sum. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 The above expose, must, naturally, 
 have aroused the indignant feelings of 
 the Vintners of the city of Dublin, and 
 a degree of criminality seemed almost 
 to attach to them for their contributing 
 to the various charities to which they 
 were subscribers for so many years, and 
 for overlooking what should have been 
 .their peculiar -care namely, tolprovide 
 for the deserving distressed of their 
 own trade or business* but one sentiment 
 seemed to prevail in an assemblage 
 -composed of about three hundred 
 Vintners, and in consequence, the result 
 was, the unanimous adoption of the se- 
 veral Resolutions which were entered on 
 their Transaction-book, and Trustee* 
 appointed to carry said resolutions into 
 effect, 
 
 After various meetings of the Com- 
 mittee, who were approved of at an 
 aggregate meeting, to act as managers 
 for the formation of the intended cha- 
 rity it was agreed upon that the 
 
156 'THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 Brewers and Distillers should be waited 
 on for their subscriptions and donations 
 towards their Asylum. Accordingly 
 another meeting was summoned to the 
 Tailor's Hall, in Back-lane, of the 
 Vintners of the city of Dublin, to which 
 the Brewers were invited : it was most 
 numerously attended, and the several 
 Brewers of the city of Dublin met the 
 Trade at Back-lane, the reasonable- 
 ness of the claims of the Vintners on 
 the Brewers as supporters of their 
 intended charity, for the deserving dis- 
 tressed of their Trade, was candidly 
 admitted by the Brewers, and a 
 liberal sum was offered by them and 
 agreeably accepted by the Vintners; 
 which subscription, together with the 
 subscription from the Trade of One 
 Pound ear-h, produced nearly One 
 Thousand Pounds; and further an an- 
 nual subscription was offered by the 
 Brewers towards the maintenance and 
 establishment of the much wanted 
 charity. Here 1 must pause and must 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 157 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 acknowledge that on that auspicious 
 day when the Vintner, who by his 
 dealings and intercourse with the Brew- 
 er, from whom he could expect no- 
 thing more but to be well treated, and 
 to whom, the greater his payments 
 were, and the more porter or ale he 
 drew, the more must naturally have 
 been his own profits. I must remark 
 that to see this display of gratitude, 
 this liberal sum advanced, the annual 
 sum promised, towards the support of a 
 Charity for the decayed Vintner and 
 his family, whose very decline and 
 failure in business, must have proved 
 a loss to some individual Brewer, 
 or perhaps to several, to see the 
 Brewers, notwithstanding collectively 
 come forward for such a benevolent 
 purpose, must be most gratifying to the 
 Vintner,, and have afforded him a con- 
 vincing proof of the good will, and 
 benevolent intentions of the Brewers 
 to their customers, and have reflected 
 
1-58 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Vintners 1 Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 however praise- worthy and honourable 
 this conduct on the part of the Brew- 
 ers may seem, malevolence may have 
 whispered that self-interest operated 
 as a most powerful incentive with the 
 Brewer ; but God forbid that I would 
 ever join with those who are always 
 detract ing from merit and coalesce 
 with the many, who however good 
 they act, or however benevolent 
 the source from which it springs, 
 to gratify a malevolent disposition .; 
 always search for the worst and most 
 ungenerous motive and the most op- 
 posite to every generous and hu- 
 mane feeling for the cause of action, 
 To those who feel a pleasure in such 
 indulgence, however numerous they 
 may be, I decline being one of this 
 party. 1 must apologise for this di- 
 gression, but in doing one act of jus- 
 tice sud satisfying my -own feelings, I 
 Lope 1 will not be accused of unne- 
 cessarily swelling the pages of this 
 with irrevelcnt matter. Tbe 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. L59 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 first object that naturally presented 
 itself to the Comtnittee, and future 
 Trustees even to choose out an eligible 
 
 ^j 
 
 situation for their asylum. The in- 
 corporated society having a concern 
 to dispose of in Charlemont-street and 
 Charlemont-parade, that concern seem- 
 ed to them a very proper site for their 
 intended charity. However a fine of 
 200. which with the expence of leases, 
 there being; three several assignments 
 thereon, would in the first instance 
 withdraw from their fund about 
 j250, and hi addition the buildings 
 were extensive, and wanted many re- 
 pairs ; as to the salubrity of the air, it 
 was unquestionably good, and as chil- 
 dren not exceeding, at the utmost, 
 twelve years of age, were to be its in- 
 mates, wholesome air was considered 
 a most material and indispensable 
 matter, with regard to situation of any 
 concern they might tre it for. Ac- 
 cordingly it was determined to take 
 those concerns, and a barga'n was effect- 
 
 F 2 
 
160 THE VINTNER'S 
 
 Vintners' Aslum of Du-blin. 
 
 od at a fine of 200. and about .50. 
 to their Law Agent for leases, <fcc. 
 with the Incorporated Society on get- 
 ting possession. There were many 
 improvements made on the concerns., 
 and those improvements, with the 
 purchasing of the concerns, cost nearly 
 1500. Some of the premises entirely 
 detached from the asylum are set at 
 present, and the asylum house and 
 concerns, which are very extensive, 
 and have a very commodious rare, 
 comprising play-ground for the School, 
 orchard and garden, with a detached 
 passage and gate- way, are rent free. 
 The board room of the Vintners of the 
 r.ity of JDublin is in said concern, and 
 rapable of holding above three hun- 
 dred persons, in addition to which are 
 apartments for School Master and Mis- 
 tress, school-room and dormitories in 
 which nearly one hundred children 
 could be comfortably lodged. It 
 is to be lamented that although a 
 good foundation for the charity has 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 161 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 been accomplished, that a permament 
 fund has not as yet been established for 
 carrying into effect, the intended plan 
 of the general meeting of the 2d April, 
 1818 which is annexed to this article. 
 It is to be lamented, I must again re- 
 mark, and I do it with sincere regret, 
 for never was a charity more wanting. 
 Were the children of foreigners cast 
 in a destitute situation, on the strands 
 of the sea there adjoining the chari- 
 table and humane city of Dublin, the 
 unfortunate outcasts, the deserted and 
 forlorn innocent children, would find 
 benevolent friends and protectors;, from 
 amongst her citizens, who would hasten 
 -to their relief, and a subscription, list 
 would soon fill up for 'the benevolent 
 purpose of lessening the number of. the 
 unfortunate; and shall it be a matter 
 of any longer reproach to those whose 
 feelings have already prompted them 
 to commence and to lay a foundation, 
 to suffer that foundation to experience 
 p 3 
 
162 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Vi'ituers' Asylum of Dublin . 
 
 Deflect, from a quarter distinguished 
 lor being the constant supporters of the 
 numerous charities of this city. I can- 
 rot imagine for a moment, that the asy- 
 lum will continue in its present state, 
 find that the day is distant, when the 
 grateful lisping of the protected infant, 
 the grateful ejaculation of the disap- 
 pointed Vintner, without the comfort 
 of a roof to shelter his unprotected 
 head, will not find sufficient cau.se for 
 ;rati( ude to the benevolent supporters of 
 tills intended asylum. It should I must 
 confess, excite the joint co-operation of 
 the Bre-rer. the Distiller and the Vint- 
 ner, whom Providence has enabled 
 t > contribute to this much-wanted cha- 
 jity, in no longer deferring to make ar- 
 rangi merits fora certain and permanent 
 1'tmi, for the admission into the Asylum 
 in the first instance of unprotected 
 females, the offspring of decayed v int- 
 i-eis;and if the city was divided into 
 districts and respectable local trea- 
 surers appointed to deposit monthly in 
 
THE VINTXEtt's GUIDE. 163 
 
 Vintner*' Asylum of Dublin. 
 
 the hands, as was first intended, of a 
 respectable Brewer, as general trea- 
 surer, their respective collections re- 
 ceived from the Vintners, which with 
 the collections from the Brewers, Distil- 
 lers, Factors and Merchants, who were 
 friendly to the charity, might be at the 
 same time collected. On this plan a 
 fund would very soon be created, even 
 by a small sum, individually, from the 
 persons in trad' 1 , fully adequate to sus- 
 tain and support this charity, 1 will 
 now dismiss this article, bu^ not with- 
 out a hope that, the promoting the es- 
 tablishment of a Permanent Charity, 
 for the offspring of decayed "Vintners 
 in the city of Dublin, and the relief 
 of the unfortunate Vintner himself, 
 will ere long attract the attention, and 
 experience the protection of the origi- 
 nal subscribers, and many additional 
 supporters to this charity. The citv of 
 London has set a noble example in this 
 way, to the Vintners in this city, but 
 
164 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE* 
 
 Vintners' Asylum of Dublin, 
 
 the desparity of wealth, and =& in num- 
 bers, compared with the city of Dublin, 
 can in no degree, give a hope that any 
 thing on that extensive scale, could be 
 attempted here, but something could 
 and ought to be done ; this city has 
 set the example in its Lying-Inn-Hos- 
 pital, even to proud imperial London, 
 and may not (though we receive the 
 example in this instance from her) an 
 imitation of what all must approve of, 
 but most particularly, those connected 
 in the trade, be made here, and suc- 
 cessfully made. Few of our numerous 
 public charities in this city, decline for 
 want of funds, indeed I believe none, 
 where the object is rational and enti- 
 tled to support, and surely then the 
 Vintners' Asylum, it is to be hoped, 
 will not be a solitary instance of de- 
 clining charity in this city. 
 
 * There are not above 700 Publicans in Dublin, whilst the 
 Numbers in London are 5,351, the charity of the Vintners 
 in London is in a naoH flourish ing situation. 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 165 
 
 EXTRACTS PROM ACTS OP 
 PARLIAMENT. 
 
 oo 
 
 EXTRACTS from an Act to repeal seve- 
 ral duties payable in Excise License* 
 in Great Britain and Ireland, and to 
 impose other duties in lieu thereof; 
 and to amend the laws for granting 
 Excise Licenses, 6th George the I Vth 
 chapter 81, page 745; 27th June, 
 1825. 
 
 1st Section Duties on Excise licen- 
 ses to cease. 
 
 2d Section It is enacted that from 
 and after the 5th of July, 1825, in lieu 
 and instead of the duties by this act 
 repealed, there shall be paid through- 
 out the United Kingdom, the several 
 duties of Excise herein after following; 
 
166 THE VIXTXER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 NEW DUTIES. 
 
 BEER. 
 
 Every Brewer of Table Beer only, forsale, . s. d. 
 if the quantity of Beer brewed by such 
 Brewer within the year ending the 10th 
 of October, previous to taking out 
 such license, shall not exceed 20 
 barrels 010 
 
 If the same shall exceed 20 barrels and 
 shall not exceed 50 barrels 1 
 
 It the same shall exceed 50, and shall not 
 exceed 100 barrels., 1 10 
 
 Or if the same shall exceed 100 barrels 2 
 
 Every Brewer, (o*her than Table Beer 
 only) for sale, if the quan'ity of Beer 
 Brewed by such Brewer within the 
 year ending the 1 Oth day of Oc- 
 tober, previous to takiosr out such Li- 
 cense shall not exceed 20 barrels 010 
 
 If the same shall exceed 20, and shall 
 
 not exceed 50 barrels 1 
 
 If the same shall exceed 50, and shall 
 
 not exceed 100 barrels 1 10 
 
 If the same shall exceed 100, and shall 
 
 not exceed 1,000 barrels 200 
 
 If thte ?ame shall exceed 1 ,000, and shall 
 
 not exceed 2,000 barrels 300 
 
 If the same shall exceed 2,000, and shall 
 
 not exceed 5,000 barrels 7 10 
 
 If the same shall exceed 5,000, and shall 
 
 not exceed 7,500 barrels. 11 5 
 
 If the same shall exceed 7,500. and shall 
 
 not exceed 10,000 barrels 15 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE, 167 
 
 Nevv Duties. 
 
 If -the same shall exceed 10,000, and . s. d. 
 shall not exceed 20,000 barrels 30 
 
 If the same shall exceed 20,000, and shall 
 
 not exceed 30,000 barrels . . 45 
 
 If the same shall exceed 30,000, and shall 
 
 not exceed 40,000 barrels . 60 G 
 
 Or if the same shall, exceed 40,UOO barrels 75 
 .Every rjsPrscn .who shall first become r. 
 Brewer of Bef-r for sale, ou taking out 
 -such Licence as aforesaid, for that pur- 
 pose, shall pay the Him of JOs. & within 
 ten days after the 10th day of October - 
 next, after taking out such License, pay 
 such further additional sum as with the 
 said sum of 105. shall amount to the 
 duty herein before mentioned according 
 to the number of barrels oi beer brewed 
 within the preceding year or period tor 
 which such license was granted .......... 10 
 
 Every Brewer of Beer for sale, who shall 
 retail such beer, to be consumed else- 
 where than on his, her, or their premises 5 5 o 
 
 Every person not being a Brewer of Beer, 
 who shall sell strong beer only in 
 casks containing not less than 4^ gal- 
 lons, imperial standard gallon measure, 
 or in not less then two dozen reputed 
 . quart hottles at onetime, to be drank 
 or consumed elsewhere than on his, her 
 or their premises 3 3 
 
 Every person who shall be duly authorized 
 by* Justices of the Peace to keep a 
 common Fnn, Ale-house or Victualling- 
 iiouse, t.nd who^ shall sell beer, cyder, 
 
168 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 or perry by retail, to be drank or con- . #. J. 
 
 sumed in his, her, or their house or 
 
 premises ; if the dwelling-house in which 
 
 such person shall reside, or retail beer, 
 
 cyder or perry, as aforesaid, at the time 
 
 of taking out such licence, shall not 
 
 together with the offices, courts, yards 
 
 and gardens iherewiih occupied, be 
 
 rated under the authority of any act or 
 
 acts of Parliament for granting duties 
 
 on inhabited bouses at a rent of 20. 
 
 per annum or upwards, or shall not 
 
 bjs rented or valued at such rent or 
 
 annual value or upwards , 1 1 
 
 And if rated, rented or valued. BS afore- 
 said at 20. per annum or upwards. ... 3 3 
 
 MALT. 
 
 Every Maltsfer or Maker of Malt, if the 
 quantity of Malt made by such Malt- 
 ster or Maker of "Malt within the year 
 ending the fifth day of July, in each 
 year shall not exceed 60 quarters 7 6 
 
 If the seme shall exceed 50, and shall 
 
 not exceed 100 quarters....,., Id 
 
 If the same shall exceed JOO, and shall not 
 
 exceed 1 50 quarters 126 
 
 If the same shall exceed ISO, and shall 
 
 not exceed 200, quarters. 1 10 
 
 If the same shall exceed 200, and shall 
 
 not exceed 250 quarters. 1 17 6 
 
 Jf the same shall exceed 250, and shall 
 
 not exceed 300 quarters 250 
 
 If the same shall exceed SCO, and shnll 
 
THE VLNTXR\S GUIDE. 169 
 
 New Duties 
 
 Jr the same shall exceed .350, and shall <. .v. d. 
 not exceed 400 quarters 3 
 
 If the same shall exceed 400, and shall 
 
 HO t exceed 150 quarters 3 7 6 
 
 It (he same shall exceed 450, and shall 
 
 Hot exceed 00 quarters 3 15 
 
 If the same shall exceed 500. and shall 
 
 not exceed 5ilO quarters 4 2 6 
 
 A ncl if the same shall exceed 5-50 quarters 4 10 
 1C very person who shall first become a 
 Maltster or Maker of JMalt, on taking v 
 such Licence as aforesaid, lor that 
 purpose shtill .pay the sum of seven 
 shillings and six pence, and within ten 
 days after the hfth cloy of July next, 
 after taking; out such license, pay such 
 iiii'ther additional sum as with the said 
 sun-, of seven shillings and six pence, 
 shall amount to the duly herein before 
 mentioned, according fo the quantity of 
 malt made within the preceding year or 
 period for whichsijch license wus^raiited 076 
 
 S P I R 1 TS. 
 
 Every Distiller or Maker of Low Wines or 
 Spirits 10 
 
 Every Rectifier or Compounder of Spirits ]0 
 Every Dealer of Spirits not he-ing a Re- 
 tailer thereof^, JO 
 
 Every Maker of Stills in Scotland or Ire- 
 land 10 
 
 Every person in Scotland or Ireland not 
 a Distiller, Rectifier or Com- 
 r of Spirits, who tliull keep or 
 Q 
 
170 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 use any Still for the carrying on of the ^. a. </. 
 trade of a Chemist, or any other bu- 
 siness requiring the use of anj still or 
 stills., 10 
 
 Evvry Retailer of Spirit?, except Retailers 
 of Spirits in Ireland aftermentioned, if 
 the Dwelling-house in which such Re- 
 tailer shall reside or retail such Spirits 
 at tlie tirae of taking out such license, 
 shhll not, together with the Offices^ 
 Courts. Yards and Gardens therewith 
 occupied, be rated under the authority of 
 any Act or Acts of Parliament for grant- 
 ing Duties on inhabited houses, at a rent 
 of JO/, per annum, or upwards, or shall 
 not be rented or valued at such renter 
 annual value or upwards, 220 
 
 If the same shall be rated, rented or 
 valued as aforesaid, at 10/. per annum 
 or upwards, and under 20/... 4 4 
 
 Jf at 207. and under 251 660 
 
 If at 251. and under 30/ 7 7 
 
 J fatSO/. and under 40/ 880 
 
 If at 40/. and under $ul . 990 
 
 If at 507. per annum or upwards *. 10 10 
 
 Every retailer of Spirits in Ireland, 
 Lfing duly licensed to trade in, vend 
 and sell CoiTee, Tea, Cocoa Nuts, Cho- 
 colate or Pepper, and not selling Spi- 
 rits in any greater quantity at one time 
 than two quarts, or any Spirits to be 
 consumed in the house or premises of 
 ach Retailer, if the Dwelling-house 
 in which such Retailer shall reside, or 
 such Spirits as aforesaid, at the 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 171 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 time of taking ont such licsrise. shall '. s. d. 
 not together with the Offices, Court-, 
 Yard?, and Gardens therewith occupied, 
 bj rated under the authority of any Act 
 or Acts of Parliament for granting 
 Duties on inhabited houses, at a rent of 
 25/. per annum or upwards, or hall not 
 be rented, or valued at such rent or an- 
 nual value or upwards 9 9 
 
 If the same slnll be rated, rented or valued 
 
 as aforesaid, at 25L and under 30^. 10 10 
 
 7 f at 30/. and under 40/ il 11 
 
 I fat 10/. and under 50/ '12 12 
 
 If at 50/. and up*. arch 13 13 
 
 f* W E E T S.. 
 
 Evrry Maker of any kind of Sheets, or 
 Made Wines, or other Mead or Methe- 
 glin for saU. ....... 2 2 
 
 Every Retailer of Sweets -or Made Wines, 
 
 ot'Mead or 'Methoglin 1 1 
 
 VINEGAR. 
 
 Every Maker of Vinegar or acetone acid 
 
 sale for... ......... , 5 
 
 W I N E. 
 
 !'}vcry Dealer in Forei-rn Wine, who shall 
 not have an Kvcise Licence for Retail- 
 ing Spirits, and a Licence for Rot-iiling 
 
 :-. , ..? ;o o o 
 
 KV/TV R.chi!jr of'Foroijjrj U'iuft. who shail 
 bave taken out a '^kvnso for retail in-' 
 I''"-", to be div.inlc or corx'im^d on his, 
 her, or tiiir prenii-sps, hut shall not, have 
 tulion out an ILXCJS? License for Re- 
 Q,2 
 
172 THE VIXTXER'S GUIDE, 
 
 New Dirties. 
 
 tailing Spirits to be so drank or con- . ,?. d. 
 suraed 440 
 
 Every Retailer of Foreign Wine, who 
 shall have taken out Kxcise Licences 
 for retailing Beer and Spirits respec- 
 tively to be drank or consumed 220 
 
 #3T New Duties to be under the management ol 
 (he Coiumlssioiiei's of Excise, 
 
 BREWERS. 
 
 Section 3d , page 751. And whereas 
 the duty imposed by this act, on every 
 licence, to be taken out by any brewer 
 or brewers of beer, for sale, is rated ac- 
 cording to the quantity of beer, brewed 
 by the person or persons taking out 
 such licence. And whereas no account 
 is taken or kept, by the officers of ex- 
 cise in Ireland, of the quantity of beer, 
 brewed there for sale, but of the malt, 
 only used and employed by all and 
 every brewer or brewers there, for that 
 purpose. Be it therefore enacted that 
 all and every brewer or brewers of 
 beer, for sale in Ireland, shall for the 
 purpose of iixing and regulating the 
 
T!ic VINTNER'S GUIDE. 173 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 rate or amount of duty to-be paid by 
 such brewer or brewers, for the licence 
 to be taken out by him, her, or them, 
 under this act, be deemed to have 
 brewed one barrel of beer, for every 
 two bushels of malt, used or employed 
 by such brewer or brewers, in brewmg, 
 and shall for every licence, to be taken 
 out by him, her, or them, under this 
 act, for brewing beer for sale, pay such 
 amount of duty, according to the rate 
 by this act imposed, as shall be corres- 
 pondent to the quantity of beer which 
 he, she, or they, shall be deemed to 
 have brewed as aforesaid.. 
 
 Section, 4th, page 7.52. That from 
 and after the fifth day of July, one 
 thousand eight hundred and twenty- 
 live, all persons licenced, under this 
 act, to deal in, or sell coffee, tea, co- 
 coa nuts, chocolate, or pepper, shall 
 be deemed grocers, within the meaning 
 of the several laws of excise, in force 
 
 in Ireland, at, and immediately before 
 U 3. 
 
174 THE VISTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 the pass'mg of tliis act, and shall be 
 entitled to take out the licence herein 
 before mentioned, to retail spirits in 
 tiny quantity not exceeding- twoquarts, 
 t any one time, to be consumed eh?e- 
 nhere, than in the house or in the 
 premises of such retailer, subject ne- 
 vertheless, to all and every the rerula- 
 
 / 
 
 tlotis contained in the said laws, or any 
 of them, in respect of grocers retail- 
 ii, spirits, except so. far as the same 
 are repealed, or altered by this act. 
 
 Keef ion 5fn, pag'e 7,5 ?. \ nd ivlioreas 
 t!ie duty upon certain licences, -autho- 
 rised, and required to he taken out by 
 this act, is imposed at, and according 
 <-.* ? ie i-ent at wbich the premises used 
 lor the purpose or purposes mentioned 
 in Muh licence, are. rated to the duty 
 < n inhabited house?-. ^\nd whereas 
 j nny Louses or premises, in different 
 parts of the unite;] kiu^d^m, for. or in 
 M-spcc't of which, such licence may bo 
 n.av not i,e *o ;at I m ,t 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUI or. 17-5 
 
 Now Duties. 
 
 there lore enacted, that in all eases, and 
 in any part of the united kingdom, ia 
 which any such house or premises, shall 
 not be s-> rated, as aforesaid, it shall 
 and may be lawful, in order to asee s - 
 tuin the rent, or annual value of such 
 house or premises, for the person or 
 persons being* the tenant or occupiers 
 thereof, who shall apply for any suck 
 licence, upon which the duty is so im- 
 posed, as aforesaid, to produce to "the 
 person or persons authorised to grant 
 such licence, as aforesaid, a certificate 
 signed by himself and the owner, or 
 landlord of the s:ild hoiiy.e an: 1 premises, 
 staling the true rent pai-.i by, or for 
 Vf-hich such house or premises, is o/are 
 1-L't to such tenant, or occupier ; or if tL.? 
 true rent by reason of the payment of 
 any premium or performance of any 
 condition, ofr otherwise shall not be re- 
 versed, or payable to the owner o<* 
 landlord, by the tenant or occupies of 
 of such hou.se or premises, then an-! j } 
 such ca.K*, slating the estiiiiatecl rent or 
 
176 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New 
 
 true annual value of such house or pro- 
 mises, and the rate of duty payable by 
 such tenant or occupier for such license 
 shall be paid, taken, and received ac- 
 cording to the rent or value so certified, 
 provided always, that if the person or 
 persons, authorised to grant such li- 
 cence, shall be dissatisfied with the 
 rent or value so acccepted, he or 
 they shall, and is, and are heroby au- 
 thorised and required to adopt such 
 other means as the Commissioner, of ex- 
 cise shall think fit, .and shall from time 
 to time direct to ascertain the true rent- 
 or annual value of such house or premi- 
 ses, and that thereupon the rate of duty 
 payable for and upon such license, shall 
 be paid, taken, and received according 
 to the rent or annual value of the 
 house and premises so ascertained as last 
 aforesaid, any thing herein or in any 
 other act or acts of Parliament to the 
 contrary thereof notwithstanding. 
 
 Section 6th, page 753, That every 
 Excise license which is authorised or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIOE. 177 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 required to be taken out by this act, 
 shall be granted, and the duty there- 
 upon imposed, shall be paid in and 
 throughout jthe united kingdom, in 
 manner and form following, that is to 
 say, if any such licence shall be taken 
 out within the limits ot* the head or 
 chief office of excise, in London, then 
 such licence shall be granted, under the 
 hands and seals of two or more of his3!a- 
 jesty's commissioners of excise ; or olf 
 such person or persons, as such commis- 
 sioners, shall from time to time employ 
 for that purpose, and the duty liiereup- 
 on, imposed as aforesaid, shall be paid at 
 such head or chief office, at the time of 
 granting the licence ; or if such licence 
 shall be taken out, within the limits of 
 the cities of Edinburgh, or of Dublin 
 rcspectiTely,sucli licence shall begrant- 
 ed, under the hands and Keals of fain 
 Majesty's commissioner or eornnjls;ston- 
 ers and assistant commissioner of excise 
 acting, and for Scotland or Ireland re- 
 spectively, for the time being, or of 
 
178 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 a,ny two of them respectively, or of 
 such person or persons, as such commis- 
 sioner or commissioners, shall from time 
 to tiiae, employ for that purpo&e, and 
 the duty thereupon imposed, shall be 
 paid at the chief office of excise, in. 
 Edinburgh or Dublin respectively, at 
 the time of granting the licence ; or if 
 such licence shall be taken out in any 
 part of the united kingdom, without 
 such respective limits, as in that behalf 
 respectively aforesaid.. Then, and in 
 every such cae, the same shall be 
 granted, under the hand?* and seals 
 of the collector, or other person having 
 charge of the collection. Any super- 
 visor of excise, within the collection 
 and district, in which- such licence i<* 
 taken out, and the duty thereupon im- 
 posed, shall be paid to such collector, 
 or other person, as aforesaid, at the 
 time of granting the licence ; and such 
 respective commissioners of excise, in 
 England, and commissioner or commis- 
 sioners and assistant commissioners of 
 
THE VINTNER^ GUIDE. 179 
 
 Ne. 
 
 excise, acting in and for Scotland and 
 Ireland respectively, and the person or 
 persons by them respectively employed, 
 as aforesaid, and every collector or 
 other person having charge of the col- 
 lection, and supervisor, as aforesaid, 
 is and are hereby respectively autho- 
 rised and required to grant and deliver 
 4? very such licence, to the person or 
 persons who ha 11 apply for, and be le- 
 gally entitled to receive the same forth- 
 with, upon payment of the duty or sum 
 4>f money thereupon imposed, free from 
 #11 poundage, fee, gratuity, orany other 
 pa y-me.ii t what soe v er . 
 
 CONTENTS OF LICENCE. 
 
 {Section 7th , pages 753 and 7ol. 
 Aiui be it further enacted, that in every 
 licence to be taken out, under or by au- 
 thority of this act, shall be contained 
 and set forth, the purpose, trade, or 
 business, for which such licence is grant- 
 ed, and the true name and place of 
 abede, of the person or persons taking 
 
f80 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Ne'v Duties, 
 
 out the same, and the true date or time 
 of granting .such licence, (and except 
 in the case of auctioneers) the place at 
 which Ihe trade or business for which 
 .such licence is granted, shall be carried 
 on, provided always, that persons in 
 partnership and carrying on their trade 
 or business, in one place and set of pre- 
 mises only, shall not be obliged to take 
 'out more than one licence, in anyone 
 year, for the purpose of carrying on 
 such trade or business, save and e ept 
 that each and every person whatsoever, 
 exercising or carrying on the trade or 
 
 c^ v O 
 
 business of an auctioneer, or acting as 
 such, shall takeout a separate and dis- 
 tincl licence for the purpose. 
 
 Part of section Oth, page 754. That 
 from and after the fifth day of July, 
 one thousand eight hundred and twen- 
 ty-five, whereby any act or acts of par- 
 1 lament, relating to excise licence, in 
 force in Great Britain and Ireland, on 
 or immediately before the said fifth day 
 
THE VINTNER'S UIDC.- 181 
 
 Now Duties. 
 
 of July, one thousand eight hundred 
 and twenty-five^ it is required that any 
 person or persons taking out an excise 
 licence, to exercise or carry on any 
 trade or business therein mentioned,, 
 in any part of the united kingdom, 
 should give bond at the time of grant- 
 ing such licence. It shall and may bo 
 lawful for such person or persons, ex- 
 cept persons exercising or carrying on 
 the trade or business of a brewer of 
 beer, in Ireland, to take out licence 
 without giving bond, as aforesaid. 
 
 Sect. 10, page 755. N o one licence to 
 authorise any person (except auction- 
 eers and maltsters) subject to the lowest 
 rate of duty to carry on his, her or the!/ 
 trade or business in more than one se- 
 parate and distinct set of premises. 
 
 Section 11. It is further enacted, that 
 nothing herein contained shall extend' 
 to prohibit any person or persons < 
 licenced to sell beer, cider or perry by 
 R 
 
182 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 retail, to be drank or consumed in 
 her or their house or premises, or any 
 retailer of spirits not being a retailer of 
 spirits in Ireland, licenced as a Grocer 
 to trade in, vend and sell coffee, tea, 
 cocoa nuts, chocolate or pepper or any 
 retailer of foreign wine of retailer of 
 sweets, or made wines, or of mead or 
 roetbgglifi ; he, she or they being duly 
 licensed respectively for such respective 
 purpose to carry on his or her trade or 
 business, for which he or she respec- 
 tively shall be so licensed as aforesaid 
 in booths, tents or other places, at the 
 time and place within the limits of hold- 
 ing any lawful and accostomed fair, by 
 virtue of any law of statute in that be- 
 half, or any public races, provided also 
 that in all cases in which the house or 
 premises in respect of which any Excise 
 licence is or shall be granted, shall be 
 burned down or otherwise destroyed or 
 rendered uninhabitable by fire or other 
 Unavoidable cause or accident ; it shall 
 may be lawful, for the 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 183 4 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 ersand assistant commissioner of excise, 
 or .collector and supervisor, or other 
 person or persons authorised to grant 
 licences, within the district or place in 
 which such house or premises was or 
 were situated, upon due notice thereof, 
 to him or them in that behalf, given to 
 authorize and empower, by indorse- 
 ment on sueh licence, or otherwise, as 
 the commissioners of excise, shall di- 
 rect the person or persons, authorised 
 to carry on trade or business by such 
 licence, at the house or premises so 
 burnt down, OF otherwise destroyed, or 
 rendered uninhabitable to carry on 
 such trade or business, at any other, 
 and different house and premises in the 
 same district or place, of which due 
 entry shall be thereupon made, by such 
 person or persons, at the time of such 
 removal thereto. Provided always, 
 that where such licenced person or 
 persons, as aforesaid, shall be a person 
 or persons* by law required, to be duly 
 P & 
 
184 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Duties. 
 
 authorised by Justices of the Peace, to 
 keep a common inn, ale house, or vic- 
 tualling house ; it shall not be lawful 
 for the commissioners or assistant <born- 
 inissioners of excise, or such collector 
 and supervisor, or other person or per- 
 sons, authorised to grant licences, as 
 aforesaid, to authorise or empower such 
 licenced person or persons, as aforesaid, 
 unless such person or persons, shall, 
 besides giving such notice, as herein 
 before required, produce to such collec- 
 tor raid supervisor, or other person or 
 persons authorised to grant licences, as 
 aforesaid ; such authority from Justices 
 of the Peace, as by law required, in 
 that behalf, to keep a common inn, ale 
 house, or victualling house, in the 
 house or premises, to which such per- 
 son or persons, shall desire to remove, 
 in consequence of such fire or other 
 unavoidable cause or accident, as afore- 
 said. 
 
 Section 13th, page 757.^ And be it 
 further enacted, that no excise licence 
 shall be granted, under or by a u- 
 thority of this act, for the sale of any 
 beer or cyder or perry, by retail, to be 
 drank or consumed upon the house or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE* 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 premises, of the person or persons ap- 
 plying for such licence, to any person 
 or persons, who shall not produce, at 
 the time of applying for such licence, 
 a certificate or authority then in force, 
 to him, her, or them, in that behalf, 
 granted in due form of law, by justices 
 of the peace, or magistrates, or other 
 competent persons, for such person or 
 persons applying for such licences, a* 
 aforesaid, to keep a common inn, ale 
 house, or victualling house, and if any 
 such licence, shall be granted to any 
 person or persons, other than as afore- 
 said, the same shall be, and is hereby 
 declared to be absolutely null and 
 void, to all intents and purposes ; and 
 the person or persons, taking out the 
 same, shall be subject to all penalty or 
 penalties, to which, he, she, or they, 
 would have been subject, had no such 
 licence been granted. 
 
 Section 14th, page 7o7. It is enact- 
 ed, that no licence for the sale of any 
 spirits or foreign wine, or sweets, or 
 made wines, or mead, OF metheglin, by 
 retail, to be drank or consumed in, or 
 upon the house or premises, where sold, 
 shall be granted to any person or per-- 
 
 R -3 
 
J86 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 sons who shall not have and produce 
 a licence for the sale of beer, cyder, or 
 perry, by retail, to be drank or con- 
 sumed in or upon such house or pre- 
 mises, in that behalf granted, as herein 
 by this act, before mentioned. And if 
 any licence, for the sale of any spirits 
 or foreign wine, or sweets, or made 
 wines, or mead, or metheglin, by retail, 
 to be drank or consumed in, or upon 
 the house or premises, where sold, shall 
 be granted to any person or persons, 
 other, than as aforesaid, such licence 
 shall be, and is hereby declared to be 
 absolutely null and void, to all intents 
 and purposes; and all, and every such 
 person or persons, as aforesaid, shall be 
 subject and liable to all and every pe- 
 nalty an'd penalties imposed upon per- 
 sons selling spirits, or foreign wines, or 
 sweets, or made wines, ,or mead, or me- 
 theglin, by retail, without licence. 
 
 Section 15th, page 757. It is enact- 
 ed, that the spirits called, Aqua Victa, 
 in Scotland, shall be deemed, and 
 taken to be British spirits, to all intents 
 purposes ; and that all persons 
 i-di'tailing such spirits in Scotland, or 
 1 where, shall first take out a licence, 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 187 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 to retail beer, and also a licence to retail 
 spirits, as before directed, by this act ; 
 and shall in all respects, be subject to 
 all the same rules, regulations, and re- 
 strictions, to which such retailers of spi- 
 rits are subject or liable. 
 
 Section 1 6th, pages 757 and 7-58. It is 
 enacted, that from and after the 5th day 
 of June, 1825, all excise licences, taken 
 out in the united kingdom, by any 
 brewer or brewers of beer, or by any 
 distiller or maker, dis^jJjjMWMftr makers 
 ^TfrfW?^ fill's m )j^fifs,or by any person 
 or persons, who shall be duly autho- 
 rised by Justices of the Peace, to keep -A 
 common inn, ale house, or victualling 
 house, and who shall takeout a licence 
 for selling beer, cyder or perry, by re- 
 tail, to be drank or consumed in the 
 Ji'ouse or premises, or for selling spirits 
 >r foreign wine, or sweets or made 
 wines, or mead or metheglin, by retail, 
 under or by virtue of this act, or any 
 other law, or laws of excise, (except 
 any excise licence^ or licences, thereto- 
 fore granted, and which shall be then 
 in force and unexpired) shall continue 
 and be in force from the day of the date 
 of such licences respectively, until the 
 
188 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 New Duties. 
 
 1 Oth day of October following, on which 
 day in each year, all such licences (ex- 
 cept as aforesaid) shall expire ; and 
 that all other excise licences through- 
 out the united kingdom, except those 
 above specified, and except as above 
 excepted, shall continue and be in force 
 from the day of the date of such licen- 
 ces respectively, until the 5th day of. 
 July following, on which day in each 
 year, all such licences as last aforesaid, 
 except as aforesaid,, shall expire; and 
 all and every person or persons, who 
 shall have taken out any such licence 
 as aforesaid, and who shall wish or in- 
 tend to continue the trade or business, 
 for which such licence was granted for 
 any longer space of time,, shall take out 
 a fresh licence for the year following, 
 to expire on one of such days as hereto* 
 fore mentioned, according to the na- 
 ture of the licence, by him, her, or them, 
 taken out, and shall so renew the same 
 from year to year, so long as he, she, or 
 thej r , shall continue such trade or busi- 
 ness, and shall pay in each and every 
 such case, the duty thereupon imposed, 
 at such time and place as herein men- 
 tioned, and every such person or per- 
 sons, shall in every such case as afore- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 189 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 said, give notice in writing, at least, 
 twenty-one days before the expiration 
 of the current licence, to him, her, or 
 them, before granted, of such, his, her, 
 or their intention, to continue the trade 
 or business, for which such licence was 
 before granted, to the collector or su- 
 pervisor, or other person or persons au- 
 thorised to grant licences for the dis- 
 trict or place at which such trade or bu- 
 siness shall be carried on ; and in cases 
 where the excise licence, is so renewed, 
 as aforesaid, and such notice as afore- 
 said shall have been given, the new li- 
 cence shall bear date, from the day or 
 date of the expiration of the current 
 licences before granted. But in case 
 where such notice shall not have been 
 given as aforesaid, and in all other cases 
 than as aforesaid, the licence shall bear 
 date from the day of the date of the 
 application made for such licence, al- 
 though, and notwithstanding, any such 
 licence may be delivered at any day 
 subsequent to the date of such appli- 
 cation. 
 
 Section 17th, pages 7-58 and 7.59. 
 It is enacted, that if any person or per- 
 sons, shall commence or begin to exer- 
 
190 THE VINTNER'S GUIDBV 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 rise or carry on any trade or business, 
 the exercise or carrying on of which 
 an excise licence is required, such per- 
 son or persons not having before taken 
 out any such licence ;. it shall and may 
 be lawful for the person or persons au- 
 thorised to grant licences, to grant such 
 licence for the remainder oi* the cur- 
 rent year, in which such licence shall 
 be taken out, ending on the .5th day of 
 July, or on the 10th day of October,, 
 next, following the date of the licence 
 taken out by such person or persons,, 
 according to the nature of such licence, 
 upon payment of such proportional part 
 of the duty thereupon imposed, in such 
 manner as herein after mentioned, that 
 is to say, if such licence shall be taken 
 out at any time within the first quarter 
 of the current year, in which such li- 
 cence shall be taken out, and ending 
 as aforesaid, or in the quarter expiring, 
 on the 10 th day of October, or on the 
 5th day of January next, following the 
 date of such licence, according to tho 
 nature of the licence taken out, that 
 then the person or persons taking out 
 such licence, shall pay the whole duty 
 imposed upon such licence, in such 
 manner as herein before mentioned, at 
 
THE VINTNE-R'a G4J1.DE. J91 
 
 Ne-v Duties. 
 
 the time of granting Kucli licence ; and 
 if such licence shall be taken out at any 
 time within the second quarter of such 
 current year, and ending as aforesaid, 
 or in the quarter expiring* on the 6th 
 (lay of January, or on the -5th day of 
 April next, following the date of such 
 licence, according to the nature of the 
 licence taken out ; the person or per- 
 sons taking out such licence, shall pay 
 three- fourth parts of the duty imposed 
 upon such licence, in such manner as 
 .herein before mentioned, at the time of 
 granting such licence ; and if such li- 
 cence shall be taken out at any time 
 .within the third quarter of such current 
 year, and ending as aforesaid, or in the 
 quarter expiring on the 5th day of April, 
 or on the 5th of July next, following 
 .the date of such licence, according to 
 the nature of the licence taken out, 
 one half of the duty imposed upon 
 huch licence, shall be paid in said man- 
 ner as herein before mentioned, at the 
 time of granting such licence, and fi- 
 nally if such licence shall be taken 
 out at any time within the last quarter 
 of the current year, and ending as afore- 
 said, or in the quarter expiring on the 
 day of July, or on the 10th day of 
 
192 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 NewJDufies. 
 
 October next, following the date of 
 such licence, according to the nature of 
 the licence taken out, that then a fourth 
 part only of the duty imposed upon such 
 licence, shall be paid in such manners 
 herein before mentioned, at the time of 
 granting such licence. 
 
 Section 18th, page 759.: It is enaet- 
 ed, that no person or persons, who shall 
 at any time have taken out an excise li- 
 cence, for the exercise or carrying on of 
 any trade or business for which such an 
 excise licence is required, and who shall 
 in any subsequent year after siuh li- 
 cence shall have expired, take out a 
 new licence for the carrying on the 
 same trade or business, whether on the 
 same or on other and different premises, 
 from those on which he, she, or they, 
 before carried on such trade or busi- 
 ness, shall be deemed or taken to be a 
 person or persons, commencing or be- 
 ginning to exercise or carry on such 
 trade or business within the intent and 
 meaning of this act, so as to entitle 
 him, her or them, to take out such 
 licence, upon payment of a proportional 
 part, only, of the duty thereupon im- 
 posed ; but all and every such person or 
 
THE VIXTXER'S GUIDE. 193 
 
 New Dmies. 
 
 _ ^ 
 
 persons as aforesaid, shall pay the whole 
 of such duty, unless the period of tiiae 
 between the expiration of the former 
 licence and the taking out of the new 
 licence, shall at the least, be a period 
 of two years. 
 
 Section 19th, pages 760 and 761. It 
 is enacted, that where any licence taken 
 out by any orewer or brewers of beer, 
 or by any distiller or maker, distillers or 
 makers of low wines or spirits, or by any 
 person or persons^ who being authorised 
 by Justices of the Peace, to keep a com- 
 mon inn, ale-house, or victualljng- 
 house, shall have taken out a licence 
 for selling beer, cyder or perry by 
 i-etail, to be drank or consumed in the 
 house or premises where sold, or for sel- 
 ling spirits, foreign wines^ or sweets or 
 made wines, or mead or metheglin, by 
 retail, in the united kingdom, under 
 any act or acts of Parliament in force 
 in Great Britain or Ireland respective- 
 ly, -on or immediately before the said 
 5th day of July, 1825, shall expire be- 
 tween the said 5th day of July, 1825, 
 and the 10th day of October, 1825 ; it 
 shall and may be lawful for the person 
 and persons authorised to grant li^eu- 
 
194 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Ne\v Duties. 
 
 ces within the district or place in which 
 such person or persons respectively 
 carry on trade or business, to grant such 
 person or persons respectively, by whom 
 respectively the former licence was 
 taken out as aforesaid, a licence as a 
 brewer or brewers of beer, or as a dis- 
 tiller or maker, distillers or makers of 
 low wines or spirits; o if duly autho- 
 rised by justices of the peace, to keep a 
 common inn, ale .house, or victualling 
 house, a licence for selling beer, cyder, 
 or perry, by retail, to be drank or con- 
 sumed in the house or premises ; or for 
 selling spirits or foreign wine,- or sweets 
 or made wines, or mead or metheglin, 
 for such person or persons respectively 
 to exercise or carry on such respective 
 trades or business, for the remainder of 
 the year, ending the 10th day of Octo- 
 ber, 1825 ; under the provisions of this 
 act, upon payment of one fourth part* 
 of the duty imposed upon such licences 
 respectively, at the time of granting 
 thereof, and that such licences shall 
 expire on the 10th day of October, 
 1H25, and shall be renewed, or a new 
 licence in that behalf granted, and for 
 .the same purpose, for the whole year 
 *M:suing to expire on the 10th day of 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUI DR. 1 95 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 October following; and such licences 
 
 shall be so renewed from year to year 
 
 as long as such licences shall continue 
 
 to be taken out by such person or 
 
 persons as aforesaid to whom the same 
 
 respectively were before granted ; and 
 
 where any licence taken out by such 
 
 person or persons as before specified, 
 
 under any Act or Acts of Parliament 
 
 in force as aforesaid, on or before the 
 
 said 5th day of July, 1825, shall expire 
 
 between the 10th day of October, 1825, 
 
 and the 5th day of January, 1825, It 
 
 shall and may be lawful for the person 
 
 or persons authorized to grant licences 
 
 as aforesaid, to grant ta the person or 
 
 persons by whom such licence shall 
 
 have been so taken out &s aforesaid, 
 
 a licence to exercise or carry on the 
 
 same trade or business under the pro- 
 
 visions of this Act, for the remainder 
 
 of the year, ending the 10th of October 
 
 1826, upon payment of the whole duty 
 
 imposed upon such licences at the time 
 
 of granting thereof, and if any licence 
 
 taken out by any such person or persons 
 
 as before specified, under any Act or 
 
 Acts of Parliament in force as aforesaid, 
 
 on or immediately before the 5th day 
 
 of July, 1825. shall expire, between the 
 
 S3 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 5(h day of January, 1826, and the 5th 
 day of April, 1826 It shall and may 
 be lawful for the person or persons 
 authorized to grant such licences as 
 aforesaid, to grant to the person or 
 persons by whom such licence shall 
 have been so taken out as aforesaid, a 
 licence to exercise or carry on the 
 same trade or business binder the pro- 
 visions of this Act, for the remainder 
 of tke year, ending the 10th day of 
 October, 1826, upon payment of three- 
 fourth parts of the duty imposed upon 
 such licence at the time of granting 
 thereof; And if any licence taken out 
 by any such person or persons as before 
 specified, under any Act or Acts of 
 Parliament in force as aforesaid, on or 
 immediately before the 5th day of July, 
 1825, shall expire, between the 5th 
 day of April, 1826 and the 5th day of 
 July 1826, It shall and may be lawful 
 ibr the person or persons autho- 
 rized to grant licences as aforesaid, 
 to grant to the person or persons by 
 tvhom such licence shall have been so 
 taken out as aforesaid, a licence to 
 < xercise or carry on the same trade or 
 business under the provisions of this 
 act for the remainder of the year, ending 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 197 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 thfe lOthday of October, 1828, upon 
 payment of one-half part of the duty 
 imposed upon such licence at the time 
 of granting thereof; and that all such 
 licences which shall be so granted as 
 aforesaid, between the 10th day of Oc- 
 tober, 1825, and the 5th day of July, 
 182G, shall expire respectively, on the 
 10th day of October, 1826, and shall 
 then be renewed, or a new licence for 
 the same purpose granted for the whole 
 year ensuing, to expire on the 10th day 
 of October following ; and .such licence 
 shall in such manner be renewed from 
 year to year, as long as such licences- 
 shall continue to be taken out by such 
 person or persons as aforesaid, to whom 
 the same were before granted respec- 
 tively. 
 
 Section 20, pages 761 and 762. 1\ 
 enacted, that where any licence taker, 
 out by any person or persons what- 
 soever in the United Kingdom, other 
 than a brewer of beer, or than a dis- 
 tiller or maker, distillers or makers o( 
 low wines or spirits, or than a persoi;. 
 or persons authorized by Justices ol 
 the Peace to keep a common inn, ale- 
 house or victualling-house, who ?; 
 
 ' 
 
198 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 have taken out a licence for selling 
 beer, cider or perry, to be drank or 
 consumed in the house or premises 
 where sold, or for selling spirits or 
 foreign wine, or sweets, or made wines, 
 or mead, or metheglin by retail under 
 an Act or Acts of Parliament in force 
 in Great Britain or Ireland respectively, 
 on or immediately before the said 5th 
 day of July 1825, shall expire, between 
 the said 5th day of July, 1825, and the 
 5th day of July, 1826, It shall and may 
 be lawful for the person or persons 
 authorized to grant licences within the 
 district or plaee in which such person 
 or persons other than as aforesaid, shall 
 carry on trade or business, to grant to 
 such person or persons a licence to 
 exercise or carry on the same trade or 
 business for which such licence was 
 before granted under any act or acts 
 in for'*e as aforesaid, on or immediately 
 before the said 5th day of July, 1825, 
 tinder the provisions of this Aet, for 
 the remainder of the year, ending the 
 5th day of July, 1826, in manner herein 
 ttl'ter Vol lowing, that is to say, if the 
 licence taken out by any such person 
 or persons other than as aforesaid, 
 under any act or acts in force as afore- 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 199 
 
 New Dutiea. 
 
 on or immediately before the said 
 5th day of July, 1825, shall expire, 
 between the said 5th day of July, 1825, 
 and the 10th day of October, then next 
 following ; then upon payment of the 
 -whole duty imposed upon such licence 
 at the time of granting thereof; and 
 if the licence taken out by any such 
 person or persons, other than as afore- 
 said, under any act or acts in force as 
 aforesaid, on or immediately before the 
 said 5th day of July, 1825, shall expire 
 between the said 10th day of October, 
 1825, and the 5th day of January, 1826, 
 then upon payment of three-fourth 
 parts of the duty imposed upon such 
 licence, at the time of granting thereof, 
 and if the licence taken out by any 
 such person or persons, other than 
 MS aforesaid, under any act or acts in 
 force as aforesaid, on or immediately 
 before the said 5th day of July, 1825, 
 shall expire between the said 5tli day 
 of January, 1826, and the 5th day of 
 April then next following then upon 
 payment of one-half of the duty im- 
 posed upon such licence at the time 
 of granting thereof, and finally , if the 
 licence taken out by any such person 
 or persons other than as aforesaid, 
 
200 THE VIUTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. % 
 
 under any act or acts in force as afore- 
 said, on or immediately before the said 
 -5th day of July, 1825, shall expire, 
 between the said 5th day of April, 1826, 
 and the said 5th day of July, 1826, then 
 upon payment of one-fourth part of the 
 duty wholly imposed upon such licence 
 at the time of granting thereof, and all 
 such licences so granted as aforesaid, 
 between the said 5th day of July, 1825, 
 and the 5th day of July, 1826, shall 
 expire respectively on the 5th day of 
 July, 1826, to be then renewed or a new 
 licence for the same purpose granted 
 lor the whole year ensuing, to expire 
 on the 5th day of July following, and 
 such licences shall in such manner be 
 renewed from year to year as long as 
 such licences shall continue to be taken 
 out by such person or persons other 
 than as aforesaid, to whom tlic same 
 were before granted respectively. 
 
 Section 21, pages 762 and 763. It is 
 enacted, that upon the death of any 
 person or persons licenced under or 
 by virtue of this act, or by any law or 
 laws of Excise, or upon the removal of 
 any such person or persons from the 
 house or premises, at which he., she or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 201 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 they were authorized by such licence 
 to exercise or carry on the trade or bu- 
 siness mentioned in such licence, it 
 shall and may be lawful for the per- 
 son and persons authorized to grant 
 licences, to authorize and empower 
 by endorsement on such licence, or 
 otherwise, as the Commissioners of Ex- 
 cise shall direct the executors, or admi- 
 nistrators, or the wife, or child of such 
 deceased person, or the assignee or as- 
 signs of such person or persons so 
 removing as aforesaid, who shall be 
 possessed of, arid occupy the house or 
 premises before used for such purpose 
 as aforesaid, in like manner to exercise 
 or carry on the same trade or business 
 mentioned in such licence, in or upon 
 the same house or premises, at which 
 such person or persons as aforesaid de- 
 ceased, or removing as before menti- 
 oned, by virtue of such licence, to him, 
 her, or them in that behalf granted, 
 before exercised or carried on such 
 trade or business for and during the 
 residue of the term for which such 
 licence was originally granted, without 
 taking out any fresh licence, or pay- 
 ment of any additional duty, or any 
 tee thereupon for the residue of such 
 
202 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 N<ew Duties. 
 
 term, and until the expiration thereof, 
 provided always that a fresh entry of 
 the premises at which such trade or 
 business shall continue to be so exer- 
 cised or carried on as aforesaid, shall 
 thereupon be made by r and in the name 
 or names of the person or persons to 
 whom such authority as aforesaid shall 
 be granted ; and provided also that no 
 such authority as aforesaid shall be 
 granted for the sale of beer, cider or 
 perry,. or sweets, mead OP made wines, 
 or sweets, mead or metheglin by retail, 
 to be drank or cowsumed in or upon the 
 house or premises for which the origi- 
 nal licence was granted, except and 
 in such cases where a proper certificate 
 granted and given by a Justice of the 
 Peace or Magistrate, or other compe- 
 tent person, according to the law. made 
 after the death or removal of the for- 
 mer occupier or occupiers of the pre- 
 mises shall have taken place, shall be 
 produced, approving of the person or 
 persons to whom such certificate shall 
 be given or granted as aforesaid, 
 
 Section 22, pages 763 and 764. It is 
 further enacted, that all and every 
 person or persons who shall be disabled 
 
VINTNER'S GUIDE. 503 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 by any conviction, from holding or 
 having a licence to keep, or from 
 keeping a common inn, ale-house or 
 victualling house, shall also, by such 
 conviction be disabled from taking out, 
 and from having any excise licence to 
 .ell, and from selling beer, cider or 
 perry by ratal! in any manner whatso- 
 ever, under any .excise licence or li- 
 cences obtained for such purpose, and 
 if any such person shall after such 
 conviction as aforesaid, take out or 
 have any excise licence or licences for 
 any such purposes as aforesaid, the 
 same shall and is hereby declared to 
 be absolutely null and void to all 
 intents and purposes; and every person 
 who shall after such conviction as 
 aforesaid sell any beer, cider or perry 
 by retail in any manner whatsoever 
 shall incur the penalty for so doing, 
 without licence, and in all such cases 
 in the prosecution for the recovery of 
 such penalty, a certificate from the Clerk 
 of the Peace, or person acting as such, 
 if any such conviction as aforesaid, 
 shall on the trial in such prosecution 
 be legal evidence .thereof, which cer- 
 tificate such Clerk of the Peace or other 
 person acting as such, is hereby autho- 
 
204 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 rized and required within one week 
 after any such conviction shall have 
 been returned, to his office to deliver 
 to the Collector of Excise or other 
 person or persons authorized to grant 
 excise licences within the district or 
 place in which such conviction shall 
 Iiavo taken place, setting forth a copy 
 of such conviction, signed by himself, 
 for which he shall demand or receive 
 no fee or reward whatsoever ; and if 
 any such Clerk of the Peace or other 
 person acting as such as aforesaid, 
 shall neglect or omit to deliver such 
 certificate as aforesaid, he shall for 
 every such offence forfeit the sum of 
 Ten Pounds. 
 
 Section 23, pane 764. It is enacted 
 that where the licence for the sale of 
 beer, cyder, or perry by retail, to be 
 drank or consumed upon the house or 
 premises of the person or persons to 
 \vhom the same is granted, shall become 
 void, aud the person or persons there- 
 upon disabled in such manner as before 
 mentioned by this act, the licence for 
 the sale of any spirits or foreign wine 
 or sweets, or made wines, or mead or 
 metheglin by retail, to be drank or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Now Ditties. 
 
 consumed upon the house or prei? 
 .thereupon granted, shall become null 
 and void, also to all intents and pur- 
 poses ; and in such case, it' the persoa 
 or persons to whom the same res- 
 tively were granted, shall sell 
 spirits, or any foreign wine, or 
 sweets or made wines, or any mead or 
 .inetheglin respectively by retail, to he 
 drank or consumed upon the house or 
 premises after such cbnvictionjas afore- 
 said, shall have taken place in manne: 
 before mentioned in this act ; and every 
 such licence as aforesaid, has thereby 
 become void, such person or persons 
 shall incur the penalty for selling spirits 
 or foreign wine, or sweets, or made 
 Mines, or mead or metheglin, to be con- 
 sumed upon the premises by retail, 
 without licence, and in all -such cases 
 in the prosecution for recovery of such 
 penalty as aforesaid, such conviction 
 shall be proved ,111 such and the like 
 manner as before specified by this act, 
 in a prosecution under similar circum- 
 stances for the sale of beer, cider or 
 perry by retail, to be drank or con- 
 sumed on the house or premises without 
 licence. 
 
 T 
 
206 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 Section 24, pages 764 and 765. And 
 whereas the periods at which Justices 
 of the Peace or Magistrates, or other 
 competent persons as aforesaid, are in 
 the practice of granting such certificates 
 or authorities as aforesaid, to persons 
 to keep common inns, ale-Jiouses or 
 victualling houses, are various, ajkl at 
 different times in different parts of ;the 
 United Kingdom And whereas, the 
 same do not in any manner correspond 
 with the period at which excise licence* 
 are granted, or which the same con- 
 tinue in force, and that upon the expi- 
 ration of such certificate or authority 
 as aforesaid, the excise licence to sell 
 beer, cider or perry by retail, to be 
 drank or consumed upon the house or 
 premises where sold, granted upon such 
 certificate or authority as aforesaid 
 expires, and the excise licences to 
 sell spirits, foreign wines, sweets or 
 made wines, and mead or metbeglin by 
 retail, to be drank or consumed upon 
 the house or premises which are granted 
 upon, such retail beer excise licence do 
 thereupon also expire, Be it therefore 
 enacted, that if the term for which any 
 such certificate or authority as aforesaid 
 U granted, shall expire, 110 conviction 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 207 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 as before mentioned having taken 
 place,) at any time within the first 
 (quarter of the current year, for which 
 such excise licences' as aforesaid res- 
 pectively were granted, and no such 
 certificate or authority shall be re- 
 newed or granted for the succeeding 
 year three- fourth of the duties there- 
 upon respectively paid by the person 
 or persons to whom the same respec- 
 tively were granted, shall be returned 
 to the person or persons then holding 
 such licences, and carrying on trade or 
 business in such house or premises, and 
 if such certificate or authority as afore- 
 said shall expire as aforesaid at any 
 time within the second quarter of the 
 current year for which such licences 
 as aforesaid respectively were granted, 
 and shall riot be renewed or granted for 
 the succeeding year one-half part of 
 the duties paid thereon respectively, 
 shall be returned as aforesaid ; and if 
 such certificate or authority shall so 
 expire as aforesaid, at any time within 
 the third, quarter of the current year 
 for which such licences as aforesaid 
 respectively were granted, and shall 
 not be renewed or granted as aforesaid, 
 then one-fourth part of the duty paid 
 
208 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 New Duties. 
 
 thereon respectively, shall he returned 
 as aforesaid, and the collector or other 
 person or persons to whom the duty 
 or duties payable on such licences res- 
 pectively was or were paid at the time 
 of granting the same, shall and are 
 hereby respectively authorized, and 
 required to return such sum or' sums 
 of money, as aforesaid, on application 
 to him or them being thereupon made 
 by such person or persons for that 
 purpose. 
 
 Section 25, pages 765 and 766. It is 
 enacted, that every person or persons 
 in the United Kingdom required by 
 any law or laws ot excise to make 
 entry of his, her, or their premises in 
 order to exercise or carry on therein 
 any trade or business for which an excise 
 licence is required, and who shall have 
 taken out such licence, shall paint or 
 cause to be painted, or shall place and 
 iix in letters publicly visible and le- 
 gible, and at least one inch long, in and 
 upon his, her, or their entered premises, 
 his, her, or their names respectively, 
 at full length, (or where there are part- 
 ners or more than one person engaged 
 in carrying on jointly the same trade 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 209 
 
 Now Duties. 
 
 or business,) the name or stile of the 
 firm or partnership, and after such 
 name or names, the word " Licenced," 
 adding thereto the words necessary to 
 express the purpose, trade, or business 
 for which such licence lias been granted ; 
 and such person or persons shall cause 
 such letters to be painted or placed and 
 fixed in some conspicuous place on the 
 outside of the front of his, her or their 
 said premises over the principal outward 
 door or gate, or entrance door thereto, 
 and not more than 3 feet from the top 
 of such outward door, or gate, or en- 
 trance door ; and if any such person 
 or persons as aforesaid shall not paint 
 or place and fix such letters es afore- 
 said, or shall not preserve- and keep 
 the same so painted, placed and fixed, 
 or shall not repaint or renew the same 
 as often as necessity shall require^ for 
 the purpose of keeping the same in., 
 good order and condition, during the 
 continuance of his, her or their licence, 
 he, she or they shall forfeit for every 
 such offence the sum of Twenty Pounds 
 And if any person or persons not 
 being licenced to exercise or carry on 
 any trade or business for which a li- 
 cence is required by this act, shall nut 
 
 T.3. 
 
2LO THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 or have any such letters as aforesaid, 
 upon his, her or their premises, or any 
 letters importing that he, she or they 
 does or do exercise or carry on any sue] 
 trade or business, or is or are licenj^eTI 
 so to do ; all and every such person or 
 persons shall for every such offence 
 forfeit the sum of Twenty Pounds. 
 
 Section 26, page 766. It is enact* 
 that if any person or persons sli/li 
 make or manufacture, deal in, retail, 
 or sell any goods or commodities'herein 
 after mentioned, or shall exercise or 
 carry on any trade or business herein 
 after mentioned, for the making or 
 manufacturing, or dealing in, retailing 
 or selling of which goods or commo- 
 dities, or for the exercising or carrying 
 on of which trade or business a licence 
 is required by this act, without taking 
 out such licence as is in that behalf re- 
 quired, he, she or they shall for every 
 such offence respectively forfeit and lose 
 the respective penalty thereupon im- 
 posed as herein after follows, (that is 
 to say :) 
 
 " Every distiller or maker of low 
 wines or spirits, and every rectifier or 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 211 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 compounder of spirits so offending res- 
 pectively, shall respectively forfeit and 
 lose Five Hundred Pounds." 
 
 PENALTIES, 
 
 Every brewer of t*ble beer only, for 
 sale every brewer of beer, (other than 
 table beer only) for sale every brewer 
 of beer for sale who shall retail such 
 beer to be consumed elsewhere than 
 on his, her or their premises every 
 person not being tf brewer of beer, who 
 shall sell strong beer only in casks 
 containing not less than four gallons 
 ami a half, or hi not less than two dozen 
 reputed quart bottles at one time, to be 
 drank or consumed elsewhere than in 
 his, her or their premises, every malt- 
 ster or maker of malt every dealer 
 in spirits not being a retailer thereof 
 every retailer of spirits in Ireland being 
 licenced to trade in, vend and sell 
 i/iiee, tea, cocoa nuts, chocolate or 
 {Vi'ppcr every maker of sweets or'mado 
 wines, or of ir.^ad or metheglhi, for 
 sm. e e v e ry in a k v r o 1* v i n e ga r , o r ace t o u s 
 uwd for sale every dealer in i 
 wines so offending respectively, i-bti! 
 respectively forfeit ani lose the sum o'f 
 hundred pojnus, ibvcry person 
 
212 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties* 
 
 who shall sell beer, cider, or perry by 
 retail, to be drank or consumed in his, 
 her or their house or premises every 
 retailer of spirits,, not being a retailer 
 of spirits in Ireland, duly licenced to 
 sell coffee, tea,, cocoa nuts, chocolate 
 or pepper every retailer of foreign 
 wine, every retailer of sweets or made 
 wines-, or of mead and metheglin every 
 person in Scotland or Ireland, not being 
 a distiller, rectifier or compounder of 
 spirits who shall keep or use any still 
 for the carrying on of the trade of a. 
 chemist or any other trade or business 
 requiring a still or stills so offending res- 
 pectively, shall respectively forfeit and 
 lose the sum of fifty pounds. 
 
 Section 27, page 767, It is enacted,, 
 that if any spirits shall be sold or de- 
 livered in any quantity less than 2 gal* 
 Ions, or if any beer, wine, cider, perry, 
 sweets, mead or inethegliu, or vinegar, 
 or any other goods for the retail of 
 which a licence is by this act required, 
 shall be sold by retail in any house or 
 premises, or in any part of any house or 
 premises, by any person or persons- 
 unknown, or who shall not be licenced 
 for that purpose according. to this acio 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 213 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 The occupier of such house or premises 7 
 or part of any house or premises, when 
 such spirits or other liquors or goods 
 shall be so sold as aforesaid, if but one 
 occupier only, and if more than one, 
 then the several occupiers thereof being 
 privy or consenting thereto, shall be 
 deemed and taken to be the retailer or 
 retailers of such spirits or other liquor* 
 or goods, and as such shall be subject 
 and liable to the penalties imposed 
 upon persons for the sale of spirits or 
 such other liquors or goods by retail 
 without licence. 
 
 Section 28, page 767. It is enacted, 
 that if any person or persons licenced to 
 exercise or carry on any trade or busi- 
 ness, or make or sell any goods for which 
 an excise licence is required, shall not 
 produce and deliver such licence to be 
 read and examined by any officer 09 
 officers of Excise, within a reasonable 
 time after such officer or officers shall 
 demand the production thereof, such 
 person or persons shall for each and 
 every such offence forfeit the sum of 
 twenty pounds. 
 
 Section 29, pages 767 and 768. And 
 
214 THE VINTXEIl's GUIDE. 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 for the encouragement of those who shall 
 discover offences committed against the 
 laws relating to excise laws be it fur- 
 ther enacted, that where any person or 
 persons shall be lawfully convicted of 
 any offence in carrying on any trade or 
 business, or making or selling imy good* 
 without licence for the carrying on of 
 which trade or business, or the making 
 or selling of which goods a licence or 
 licences is or are required by this act,, 
 and the pecuniary penalty imposed 
 for such offence shall not be paid and 
 cannot be levied, It shall and may be 
 lawful for the Commissioners of Excise 
 to cause such reward as they think n't,, 
 riot exceeding~ten pounds in each case, 
 to be paid to the several arrd respective 
 persons who shall appear to them to be 
 entitled thereto* as informers, out of 
 any monies in their hands, arising by 
 any penalties or forfeitures incurred 
 under the laws of Excise* 
 
 Section 30, page 768. Provides that 
 nothing in this act shall in any wise 
 prejudice the Universities, the Vintners' 
 Companies of the city of London, or of 
 any other City or Town Corporate, or 
 the Mayor or Burgesses of the Borough 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 215 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 pf St. Albans, in the county of Hert- 
 ford, or deprive them from using and 
 enjoying such privileges as they have 
 heretofore used and enjoyed* 
 
 Section 31, page 768. Former re>- 
 gulations which were in force, on or 
 immediately before the -5th day of July, 
 1825, except where repealed or altered 
 by this act, ,to remain in full force as 
 She fore. 
 
 Section 32, page 768. It is enacted, 
 that all penalties and forfeitures im- 
 posed by this act (save and except 
 jn such case where any special pro- 
 vision is herein made,) shall be sued 
 for, levied, recovered, mitigated and 
 distributed by such ways, means, and 
 methods as in such manner and by any 
 law or laws of Excise in force, is or shall 
 in that behalf be directed, provided 
 and enacted in Great Britain and Irer 
 land respectively. 
 
 Section 33, pages 768 and 769. And 
 be it further enacted, that a 11 powers, au- 
 thorities, rules, regulations, restrictions, 
 exceptions, provisions, clauses, matters 
 and things provided for, or contained in 
 
216 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 New Dulles. 
 
 any act or acts of Parliament in force 
 relating to the Revenue of Excise in 
 Great Britain o^ Ireland respectively, 
 on or immediately before the 5th day 
 of July, 1825, expressly repealed, al- 
 tered, or re-enacted by this act, or which 
 are repugnant to or inconsistent with 
 the several matters, clauses, provisions 
 and regulations of this act, any or either 
 of them shall, and the same are hereby 
 respectively from and after the said 
 5th day of July, 1825, declared to 
 be repealed, and shall no longer be 
 put in force or observed in any part of 
 
 the United Kingdom. 
 
 : 
 
 Section 34, page 769. Provided 
 always, and be it further enacted, that 
 for and upon the several excise licences 
 taken out by any person of persons in 
 Ireland, in and for the year 1825, under 
 the laws of excise, then in force, there 
 shall be raised, levied, collected, and 
 paid so much only of the duties payable 
 thereon, as shall be equal and corres- 
 pondent to the several sums of monies 
 made payable by this act upon such 
 licences, from and after the 5th day 
 of July, 1825, so far as the same can 
 be computed, adjusted and ascertained, 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 217 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 and that it shall and may be lawful 
 for the Commissioners and several Col- 
 lectors of Excise, and they are hereby 
 authorised and required to repay out of 
 any money in their hands, arising from 
 duties of Excise, to all and every person 
 and persons who have taken out any 
 Excise licence in Ireland, in and for 
 the year I82o, and paid the duty thereon 
 payable by the law^ then in force, so 
 much as may be the computed, ad- 
 justed and ascertained excess of the 
 duties so paid over and above the rate 
 of duty on such licence made payable 
 by this acv, from and after the 5tb day 
 of July, 182o,upqn the application of 
 such person or persons, to such Com- 
 missioner, or the Collectors oi' Excise 
 ibr the same. 
 
 Section 36, page 769. It is enacted, 
 that this act shall commence and take 
 effect iron], and immediately after, the 
 ,5th dav of Julv, 1825. 
 
 REGULATIONS 
 
218 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 REGULATIONS 
 
 FOE QUARTERING SOLDIERS 
 
 IN IRELAND. 
 
 Extract from An Act of Parliament for 
 punishing Mutiny and Desertion, &c. 
 21st March, 1822, 3<1 Geo. IVth, chap. 
 13, page .68,. sect. 49. 
 
 And whereas by an act passed in Ireland, in the 6th 
 year ot the reign of .Queen Anne, entitled, '-" An Act 
 to prevent the .Disorders that may happen by the 
 march ng of Soldiers, and providing .Carriages for the 
 Knggage of soldiers on their march," Jt was enacted 
 that no officer, soldier or trooper, in Jhe.army, nor 
 the servant of any officer nor any attendant on the 
 train of artillery, nor any yeoman of the guard of- 
 battle axes', nor any officer commanding the said 
 vet-men, nor servant of any such officer, should 
 it any time thereafter, have, receive, or be allowed 
 any quarters, in any part of Ireland, save only during 
 such time as he, or they should be and remain 
 in same sea-port town, in order to be transported, 
 or during such time as there .should be any commo- 
 tion in any part of Ireland by reason of w'hich emer- 
 gency, the army or any considerable part thereof, 
 yhoiiid be commanded to march from any part of 
 Ireland to enotl.er. or during such time or times as he, 
 cr tl ey should be on their march as aforesaid. 
 ^.r.cl whereas it mey be necessary to station part of 
 tl e troops in places where there are not barracks, or 
 sot Kifiicknt barracks to hold them, Ee it enacted, 
 ;ji(d it i hereby declared and agreed that it shall and 
 n.t-.y he lawful, uolwithstsndirg the said recited act, 
 to tiiul for the ccr stables and otl;er chief officers and 
 magistrates oi cities, towns .villages and other places 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 219 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 in Ireland, and in their default or absence, for any one 
 justice of the peace inhabiting in or near any such 
 city or town, village or place, and for no others ; and 
 such constables and other chief magistrates as afore- 
 s.iii, or in their default, such justice of the peace as 
 aforesaid, are hereby required to quarter and billet 
 the officers and soldiers in his Majesty's service in 
 inns, livery stables, ale houses and the houses of sel- 
 lers of wine by retail, to be drank in their own houses 
 or places thereunto belonging. And all houses of 
 persons selling brandy, strong \vators, cider or metheg- 
 lin by retail, and where tliere shall not be found 
 sufficient room in such houses, then in suchmanne,r 
 as has been heretofore customary, taking care not to 
 billet loss than two men in any house, except only in 
 case of- billeting horses or dragoons in manner herein- 
 after mi ntioned ; nor shall any billets at any time be 
 ordered for more than Hie number of effective soldiers 
 present to be quartered, all which billets when made 
 out by such chief magistrates or constables, or justice 
 of the peace, as tho case may be, shall be delivered 
 into the hands of the staff officer employed, or of 
 the commanding officer present. And if any constable 
 or other chief officer or magistrate as aforesaid, shall 
 presume to quarter or billet any such officer or sol- 
 dier in any house not within the meaning of tins act, 
 without the consent of the owner or occupiers thereof, 
 then such owner or occupier, shall have his or their 
 remedy at law against such magistrate or officer for 
 the damage that such owner or occupier shall sustain 
 thereby, and such constable, chief officer or magis- 
 trate, being convicted of such offence, by indictment, 
 shall be imprisoned for tha space of one calendar 
 mouth, and if any military officer shall take upon 
 him to quarter soldiers otherwise than is limittc-d and 
 allowed by this act, or shall use or offer any menace 
 or compulsion to or upon any mayor, constable v or 
 U 2 
 
220 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE* 
 
 Quartering Soldiers. 
 
 other chief officer before mentioned; tending to deter 
 or discourage any of them from performing any part of 
 their duty hereby required or appointed, or to induce 
 any of them to do auy thing contrary to their said 
 duty, such military officer shall for every such of- 
 fence being thereof convicted, be deemed and taken 
 to be ipso facto, cashieredj and shall be utterly disabled 
 to have or hold auy military employment whatsoever* 
 provided the said conviction he affirmed at the next 
 as.si/.es or quarter sessions of the peace for the said 
 county, or county rf a city or town, and a certificate 
 thereof, transmitted to the chief Secretary, or in his 
 absence to the under Secretary, for the Civil Do- 
 partment) or the first Clerk in the Military Depart- 
 ment in Dublin j and in case any per*oa shall find 
 himself aggrieved in that such constable, chief of- 
 ficer or magistrate, not being a justice of the peace, 
 has quartered or billetted in his house a greater num- 
 ber of soldiers than he ought to bear in proportion 
 to his neighbours, and shall complain thereof to one 
 or more justice or justices of the peace of the di- 
 vision, city or liberty where such soldiers are quar- 
 tered, or in case such chief ofilcer or magistrate shall 
 be a justice of the peace, then on complaint made to 
 two or more justices of the peace of said division, 
 city or liberty, such justice or justices respectively 
 shall have power to relieve such persons, by oidering 
 si>efa and so many of the soldiers to be removed and 
 quartered upon such other person or persons as he 
 or they shall see cause, and such other person or 
 persons shall be obliged to receive such soldiers 
 accordingly. 
 
 Section 50, page 71. And as very great detriment 
 and inconvenience arise to fhe service, from the dis- 
 peisiug and bii.eitiug of soldiers when on a march, at a 
 k^o.t U siaiice tium the place or places where they 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 221 
 
 Quartering Soldiers. 
 
 are meant to be quartered, and contrary to the tru 
 intent and meaning of the said last recited act, and 
 by report of which they are placed wide of their 
 intended route for the next day's march Be it 
 therefore enacted, that at no time when troops are on 
 a march, shall any of them be billetted above one mile 
 from the place or places mentioned in the route. 
 
 Setion 53, page 79. Lord Lieutenant or other 
 Chief Governor for the time being-, to depute by 
 warrant some proper person or persons to sign routes 
 in the name of such Chief Governor for the marching 
 cf any of his Majesty's Forces in Ireland. 
 
 Section 54j page 79. No justice having any mi- 
 litary office to be concerned directly or indirectly in 
 Liiletting soldiers* 
 
 Section 62, page 91. -It is enacted, that if any 
 high constable, constable, beadle, or other officer or 
 person whomsoever, who by virtue or colour of tn-.t 
 act shall quarter or billet any officers or soldiers in 
 any p-trt of the United Kingdom shall neglect or refuse 
 to'billet any officer or soldier on duty when required 
 in such manner as is directed by the act, provided 
 sufficient notice be given before the arrival of s;joh 
 troops, or shall receive or agree for any sum or 
 of money, or any reward whatsoever, to excuse any 
 person from receiving into his, her or their houses, nv 
 such officer or soldier, or in case any victualler or any 
 other person liable by this act to have any officer or 
 soldier billet f ed or quartered on him, her or then:, 
 rind shall refuse to receive or afford accommodation, 
 or lo victual any such officer or soldier billeitcd 
 upon him, her or them, and shall be convicted there-' f 
 before one or more justice of the peace of the county. 
 city or liberty within which such offence ehall l>< 
 JU3 
 
222 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Quartering Soldiers. 
 
 committed, shall forfeit for every such offence^ne 
 sum of five pounds, or any sura of money not excewiog 
 five pounds, nor less than forty shillings penalty, to 
 be levied hy distress and sale of the goods of the 
 person offending, by warrant, under the hand and 
 seal of the justice before whom convicted, to be 
 directed to any constable within the county, city 
 or liberty where the offender shall dwell, which sura, 
 ijot exceeding five pounds, nor less than forty shillings, 
 when levied, shall be applied in the first place for 
 making such satisfaction to any soldier, for the 
 expence he has been put to by reason of his not being 
 til lotted or quartered as aforesaid, as such justice or 
 justices shall direct, and the remainder paid, jf*in 
 England, to the overseers of the poor of the parish, 
 nd to thechurch-waidens of the parish, if in Ire- 
 land for the use of the poor ol the parish. 
 
 Section 6,5. page 95. For preventing abases in 
 biliettiiig soldiers it is enacted, it shall be lawful 
 lor any one or more justice of the peace, in any 
 part of the United Kingdom to require and com- 
 mand any high constable, or other officer who shall 
 quarter or billet any soldier, to give an account 
 in writing, into said justice or justices requiring 
 the same, of the number of officers and soldiers 
 who shall be quartered or billetted by them, and 
 also the names of the house-keepers or persons upon 
 whom every such officer or soldier shall be quar- 
 tered or billetted, with an account of (be street or 
 place where every such house-keeper dwells, and ol 
 the signs (if nm) belonging to their house*, that such 
 justice may iberrby be bwtier enabled to prevent or 
 punish all aLases in the quartering or billetting of 
 I he m. 
 
 Section 5. page 97. it is enacted, that the 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 223 
 
 New Duties. 
 
 and soldiers quartered and billeitpd shall be 
 and furnished with diet and small beer by 
 the owners of (he inns, livery stable?, ale-houses, 
 victualling-houses and other houses on which th^y 
 are allowed to be quartered and biUetted by this ae>, 
 paying and allowing- for the same the several rates 
 e.strtbii-hed by any act or acts of Parliament in that 
 respect. 
 
 Section 66, pao^e 97. Provided that in case any 
 inn-holder, or other person on whom any non-com- 
 roissioned officers or private men shall be quartered, 
 (except on a march or employed in recruiting, and 
 likewise except the recruits by them raised, for the 
 space of seven days at most, for such non-commissi- 
 oned officers rfnd soldiers who are recruiting, and the 
 recruits by them raised,; shall be d^irons to furnish 
 gjcb non-commissioned officers and soldiers with 
 candles, vinegar and salt gratis, and allow to such 
 non-commissioned officers or soldiers the use of fire 
 and the necessary utensils for dressing and cooking 
 tueir meat, and shall give notice of such bis desire 
 to the command ing officer, and shall furnish end 
 allow the same accordingly, then and in such case, 
 the non-commissioned officers and soldiers so quar- 
 tered shall provide t ;>'ir own victuals and small beer, 
 and the officei to whom it belongs, to receive or that 
 does actually receive their piy any subsistence of 
 such non-commissioned officers and soldiers, shall 
 pay the several suras to be payable, out of the sub- 
 sistence .money for diet and small beer to the non- 
 commissioned officers and soldiers as aforesaid, and 
 not to the inn-holder or other person on whom snch 
 non-commissioned officers and soldiers are quar- 
 tered. 
 
 Section 69 page 10!. It is enacted, that if any 
 officer, military or civil, aathori-ed to quarter .--ol- 
 
224 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 diers In any honse hereby appointed for the purpose, 
 shall at any time during the continuance of this act, 
 quarter any of the wives, children men or maid 
 servants of auy officer or soldier in any such houses 
 against the consent of the owners, the party of- 
 fending, if an officer of ihe array, shall upon being 
 convicted thereof before a general court martial, be 
 cashiered ; and if a constable tithingman or oth^r 
 civil officer, be shall forfeit to the party agrieved 
 twenty shillings, upon complaint and proof thereof 
 made to the next justice of the peace, to be levied 
 i-y warrant of such justice by distress and sale of 
 such offender's goods, rendering the overplus to the 
 party, after deducting reasonable charges in taking 
 the same. 
 
 Extract from the 5th of George the 4fA, Chapter 
 102. Entitled an act to amend an act of the 48th 
 3- ear of the reign of his late Majesty, for the more 
 effectual administration of the office of justice of 
 the peace, and for the more effectual prevention of 
 felonies within the district of Dublin metropolis. 
 
 Section 7, page 1049. A II fines and penahies re- 
 covered in a summary way, and may within the 
 the police district for Dublin metropolis be sued for, 
 and recovered at some one of the police offices with- 
 in such district, before any one of the divisional 
 justices at such office, and not before any justice or 
 justices of the peace out of the said offices. 
 
 Section 16. page 1054. It is enacted, that divisi- 
 onal justices of the police district of Dublin metro- 
 polis, or any one of them, or any chief constable, or 
 tiny constable authorised by any divisional justice 
 within ttoc division fur which such justice is acting, 
 
THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 225 
 
 Extracts from Ads of Parliament. 
 
 or any one divisional justice of the castle division, 
 may enter into any dwelling bouse kept by any vic- 
 tualler or person licenced for selling beer or ale or 
 spirituous liquors, and take into custody every jour- 
 neyman, apprentice, servant, artificer, labourer, 
 sailor, seafaring man, or soldier, or any female who 
 shall be found in such dwelling: house, and who shall 
 appear to have been recently drinking, tippling, or" 
 gaming therein, at any hour or time prohibited by 
 law, or after the hour of twelve o'clock at night, 
 (not being a lodger or inmate) and convey every 
 such person so apprehended, to the public offije of 
 the division in which such dwelling place shall be 
 situated, and every such person duly convicted in 
 a summary way, before any one divisional justice of 
 such division or of the castle division for every such 
 offence, shall forfeit a sum not exceeding twenty 
 shillings, nor less than five shillings, or in default of 
 payment, be committed to the bouse of correction 
 for any time not exceeding one month, in all cases 
 the proof that persons apprehended and charged as 
 lodgers or inmates shall lie on such persons respec- 
 tively, and in the absence of such proof, such person 
 shall be presumed not to have been such lodger or 
 inmate. 
 
 Section 17,paj*e 1055. Penalty on victuallers or 
 licenced beer and spirit retailers opposing the entry 
 ot any divisional justice or chief or other constable, 
 and persons aiding and assisting, not exceeding 
 ten pounds, or in default of payment to be com- 
 mitted to the house of correction for any space of 
 time not exceeding one calendar month. 
 
 Section 18, page 1055. Penalty on victuallers or 
 licenced beer and spirit retailers refusing to admit 
 such jus 1 ices or constables, on demand made, of 
 entrance by knocking or otherwise, so as to jje 
 
226 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Extracts from Acts of Parliament. 
 
 heard within, not [exceeding five pound?, or in 
 default of payment to be committed to thfi house, of 
 correction for any space of time not exceeding 
 fourteen days. 
 
 Section 15, page 1055. Penakv on victuallers 
 find licenced beer and spirit retailers in who.se 
 houses persons shall bfl found tippling* or gaming, 
 (wo pound.-;, for first offence; Ivrenty pounds lor (he 
 second, and fifty pounds for the third, and forfeiture, 
 of licence. Proof to be on the victualler that 
 parties tippling were not apprentices, lodger?, &c. 
 
 Section 20, pa^e 1056. So much of recited act 
 fis relates to taking out licences for keeping" hotels 
 for entertain mem of nightly lodgers repealed. 
 
 Directions for proving the Strength of 
 'Spirituous Liquors, by the 
 
 PATENT HYDROMETER. 
 
 Inventor! by the late J. DiCAS. and niae by T. 
 SOUNDERS, (late of College- Green,) Eden- 
 Quay, Dublin. 
 
 The Hydrometer is fitted up in a mahogany box, 
 with 36 weights accurately adjusted thereto, num- 
 bered, 0, 10, 20, 30, &P. to 350, and upon the Cb } > 
 of the Hydrometer i& marked 360 to extend the scale 
 s-lill farther. Those weights are to be applied only 
 one at a time, upon the top according to the destiny 
 of the spirit, and the difference between each of them, 
 is pointed out by the ten divisions upou the stem, by 
 
THE VIXTSER'S GUIDE. 27 
 
 Tbo .Hydrometer. 
 
 Ibis means the hydrometer xveigut ot any spirit may 
 be readily obtained. The box also contains a ther- 
 mometer for Inking the temperature of the spirit, and 
 likewise an itory .sliding rule for determining the 
 strength ; upon the middle part of this sliding rule 
 is laid down the hydrometer weight of the spirit, 
 going from to 160, on one side, and from 100 to 
 370, on the other. The hydrometer being 1 con- 
 structed so KS to represent the weight of water as 
 nothing 1 , and that ot spirit to increase as it becomes 
 stronger ; opposite to the hydrometer weight of the 
 spirits the different strengths are placed, proceeding 
 from water, to proof on one side, and from proof to 
 alcbohal on the other, shewing how many gallons 
 they are either above or below proof, and as heat 
 and co!d produce different effects upon spirits oi 
 different densities. The rule is graduated so as to 
 accommodate to each strength that particular varia- 
 tion it is subject to, on being brought from a cold to 
 a warm temperature, or the revere, for which pur- 
 pose, the degrees of heat from 30 to 80, correspond- 
 ing with Fahrenheit's scale, tire Jaid drwn on eacli 
 side of the sliding rule, towards the left band, witto 
 a flower de luce opposite, as an index to. fix the siida 
 to the temperature of the spirit. 
 
 GENERAL RULE. 
 
 'First, find the temperature of the spirit, by immer- 
 sing the thermometer therein, and fix tbe sliding 
 rule so that the flovrer de luce shall be opposite the- 
 same degree which the mercury rises or fails to, then 
 put in the hydrometer and try which of the weights 
 will sink it to some of tbe divisions opon the stem. 
 Add the number on the weight and that of the 
 divi&ion together, foi the hydrometer weight of the 
 spirit, and having found the hydrometer weight 
 upon the middle or sliding part of tbe rale, directly 
 opposite thereto, will be shown the exact strength. 
 
228 THE VINTNER'S GUIDE. 
 
 The Hydrometer, Short Calculations. 
 
 EXAMPLES. 
 
 Suppose in 5 degrees of beqt, with the weight of 
 10 upon tbe-top, fhe, hydrometer sinks to 6 upon 
 the stem, the weight of the spirit becomes 156 ; the 
 rule being: fixed so that the 55 degrees of beat shall 
 be opposite to the flower de luce.; then facing- 156 
 uill Le found 7, which is the number of gallons in 
 the 100, the spirit is above proof, of which 290 upon 
 the top, ihe hydrometer sinks to 1 upon the stem ; 
 the rule being fixed to the temperature as before 
 Egavnst 231. will be found 53 gallons in the 100 
 over proof ; if in 74 degrees of heat, the hydrometer 
 with the.weight 70 upon the top sinks to 5 upon the 
 stem, 74 degrees being placed opposite the flower 
 de lure agaiuht 7,5. <ne hydrometer weight will be 
 found 42, the number of gallons in (he 100, the spi- 
 rit is .below prool, &c. &c. 
 
 N. 13. If foreign spirits are sold lower than ]5i 
 jier cent, under proof, which the star on Ihe scala 
 denotes, they are st'izuble according- to act of parli- 
 ament. The letters S. W. denote very good spirits 
 of wine ; on the outer edge of the sliding rule, are 
 (.Iti&d the different strengths, as they are mads by 
 Clark's hydrometer. 
 
 SHORT CALCULATIONS. 
 To know the value of any quantity comprising 2 
 -figures and upwards, at 2s., double the last figure for 
 s>iri 'lings and the remaining figures, or first figures 
 J>ecome pounds ; or for example. 36 at 2s make 3. 
 12*. and ?o for any larger quantity or complement ; 
 a* tor instance, 378 al 2s., double th< last figure 8 
 for shillings makes it 16, and the 37 ior pounds 
 crakes the amount 37. 16s. Any aliquot part of 
 l j s.. lor instance, 61). the one-fourth, 8d. the one- 
 ihirrf, 4d. the one-sixth, 2d. the one-twelfth, by di- 
 viding the i> mount at 2s. by any of those aliquot 
 pi* it?, the amount is inomedintely discovered. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRA 
 BERKELEY 
 
 Return to desk from which borrowed. 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped be! 
 
 *r 
 
 REC'D I n 
 
 Wllg/ 
 
 
 MarOlG* 
 
 JUL291963 
 
 
 C'D LD 
 
 
 
 2 2 1961 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 roeo 
 
 
 
 ) 
 
 
 
 .-100m-9,'48(B399sl6)476 
 
267734 
 
 
 UNIVERSITY OK CALIFORNIA LIBRARY