University of California • Berkeley I trtor fates 0an to Mtytx. <6\ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/emaricdulfeOOceesrich EMARICDULFE. INTRODUCTION. EMARICDULFE HE prefent collection of Sonnets is printed from an unique and hitherto unknown work, which is bound up with three other Poetical Tracts of great rarity and value, namely, Barnfielde's Cynthia, 1595; Griffin's Fidefsa, 1596; and Tofte's Laura, 1597. Its claims to the honour of a reprint are not merely on account of its rarity. In fome parts the Sonnets mow great excellence, both in thought and expreflion; but in mufical rhythm they are perhaps — with fome exceptions where the lines, though they each scan, read more like profe than poetry — of better quality than they are in fonnet-fenfe. One peculiarity is, as compared with Shakespeare's poetry of the fame date, the frequent ufe of an extra syllable, as is apparent in Sonnet VII. This is noticeable, becaufe it mows that the ufe of this extra fyllable, and Shake- fpeare's increased ufe of it as his years went on, was not even a femi- originality. Another fource of intereft is the obfcurity which involves both the writer and the object of his adoration, for the whole work is devoted to the expreflion of love for a lady who is concealed under the remarkable pfeudonym of Emaricdulfe, by her admirer, who is equally succe/Tful in concealing himself under the initials B.C. Yet this obfcurity arifes perhaps only from lapfe of time, for when a difcarded lover commits his forrows to the prefs, and this with the tacit confent of the lady — when initials (no doubt true ones) and a pfeudonym (perhaps in deference to the fame) are affixed to the title-page — and when friends with well-known ii Introduction to Emaricdulfe. names are appealed to — it is hardly conceivable that the names of the lovers and the circumftances of their connexion could long efcape the knowledge of their contemporaries ; efpecially as both belonged — as is demonftrable from the tone of the dedication and the names mentioned therein — to the upper clafTes of fociety. Much refearch has been made by the Editor and others to folve the myftery of thefe faid initials of ' E. C and of the evidently compofite name of Emaricdulfe — or, as it is ofteneft fpelt, Emaricdulf — but without fuccefs. As to the initials ; it is to be obferved that a writer ufing the fame has verfes "In prayfe of Gafcoignes Pones," before the latter's poems ; but it muft be confefTed that they more probably belong to an older man than the E. C. now in queftion. Yet it is quite poffible that other explorers into literary myfteries may be more fortunate, and that the identity of the parties may at a future time be eftablifhed when least expected. With this object in view, therefore, the Editor ventures to print, in extenfo, the following verfes (on the reverfe of the leaf containing which are the names of the fpeakers in the play), which are fubfcribed with the fame initials f E. C, as it is not abfolutely impoflible that they emanated from the author of our tract. They were previously communicated to Notes and Queries, Ser. in. vol. 8. (9 Sept. 1865) by Mr. W. Carew Hazlitt, who introduces them thus : — " In examining fome old books and MSS. for a different purpofe, I came acrofs a copy of f The Tragedy of Mariam, the Fair Queen of Jewry,' 1613, by Lady E. Carew, with a Dedication, which I never met with before in copies of this drama, as follows : — TO DIANAES EARTHLIE DEPVTESSE, and my worthy Sister, Mistris Elizabeth Carye. When cheerfull Phoebus his full courfe hath run, His fitters fainter beams our harts doth cheere: So your faire Brother is to mee the Sunne, And you his Sifter as my Moone appeere. Introduction to Emaricdulfe. iii You are my next belou'd, my fecond Friend, For when my Phoebus abfence makes it Night, Whilft to th' Antipodes his beames do bend, From you, my Phcebe, mines my fecond Light. Hee like to SOL, cleare-fighted, conftant, free, You, LUNA-like, vnfpotted, chaft, diuine: Hee fhone on Sicily, you deftin'd bee, T'illumine the now obfcurde Paleftine. My firft was confecrated to Apollo, My fecond to DIANA now mail follow. E. C. The allufions in the above verfes to " hee fhone on Sicily " may be either to fome Works or fome Travels of her brother, in the fame fenfe as the reference to the "now obfcurde Paleftine" indicates her own tragedy of " Mariam." In the Catalogue of the Harleian MSS. in the Britifh Mufeum (No. 6917) is mention of "Sir George Carew's Poems"; but this is an error, for they prove to be not by him but tranfcripts of thofe by Thomas Carew. There being feveral families bearing the names Carew and Carey (which were ufed indifcriminately by all of them), it is not impomble that the Beddington Carews may have furnifhed the authorefs of " Mariam." Sir Francis Carew fucceeded his father Sir Nicholas in 1 $■$ 9, and died in extreme old age (81) in May 161 1, having had no ifTue. (See Nichols's Progreffes of James I. vol. 1. p. 164). His heir was his fifter's fon, Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, who then afTumed the furname of Carew. This Sir Nicholas (who was brother-in-law to Sir Walter Ralegh) had a daughter, Elizabeth, who might have been the authorefs of "Mariam"; and me had likewife brothers , namely Francis (who died in 1 649, and whofe fon, Sir Nicholas, married Sufan, daughter to Sir Juftinian Ifham, Bart.), Nicholas, George, and Edmund. This latter may have been the writer of the "Dedication." After this digreffion, we will return to the Sonnets — which, according to the author's Dedication, were " begun, at the command and fervice iv Introduction to Emaricdulfe. of a faire Dame," and which refer to one fubject — the glorification of his lady-love. That his addrefTes were at one time favourably received may be gathered from feveral of the Sonnets, and that the couple flood on intimate terms towards each other may be inferred from Sonnet VII., in which he is compelled to exprefs contrition for his overbold prefumption on one occafion by which he incurred her difpleafure. That he had, moreover, fome grounds for anticipating a favourable iflue for his fuit is hinted at in Sonnet XIII., in which he expatiates on their mutual love, of which her prefents to him were an evidence, And this ftate of things is reiterated in Sonnet XXVII. But afterwards he feems to have abandoned all hope of obtaining her, and the remaining Sonnets fhow that he was certain of ultimate rejection. Yet, notwithftanding this downfall of his hopes, it is fufficiently clear from paiTages in the later Sonnets, and in the Dedication — which was naturally the lafl: portion written — that the couple retained kindly feelings for each other; ftrengthened perhaps by the fact that her choice of a hufband was not a happy one. But, be the latter conjecture true or not, it is certain that the Dedication points to fome domeftic embroilment or fcandal which has advifedly been left unintelligible except to the parties concerned. At the clofe of the lafl: Sonnet are clear allufions to the poets Daniel and Spenfer, and to Queen Elizabeth. Thefe, however, throw no light on the date of the compofition of the body of Sonnets, which were pub- lished in i 595. The former's collection of Sonnets, entitled " Delia," firfl: appeared in print in 1592; and the firfl: part of Spenfer's "Faerie Queene," which is no doubt the work alluded to, in 1590. As to the choice of the name " Emaricdulf " (more rarely " Emaric- dulfe") ; it is doubtlefs a pfeudonym, like the "Laura" of Tofte, the " FideiTa " of Griffin, the " Cynthia " of Barnfielde, the " Delia " of Daniel, etc. Unlike them, however, it is a pfeudonym compofed, in all pro- bability, of the letters of the real name of the lady commemorated. But it feems impoffible to difcover in the Sonnets any clue to this name. They are full to overflowing of praife of her " more than heavenly parts " ; her wifdom, chaftity, beauty, fkill in mufic, etc. but filent with Introduction to Emaricdulfe. v reference to her lineage or any other circumftance from which bio- graphical or genealogical facts might be inferred. That the author intended the word to be pronounced "E-marric- dulf " is clear from the rhythm, and from his fpelling it, throughout the fixteen fonnets in which it forms part of the verfe (with a fingle exception in Sonnet IV), without the final e. On the title-page, and in the firft heading alfo, it has this final vowel. Why this variation fhould have been made it is difficult to fee, unlefs it were the whim of the printer. "Emaric" occurs in Sonnet XII.; but this name applies to another perfon than " Emaricdulf " — in fact to "a young Emaricdulf" — a boy, who is fpoken of alfo in Sonnet XI. Edward Fitton — one of the gentlemen to whom the work is dedicated . — was probably the fon of Sir John Fitton, of Gawfworth, Chefhire, and the one who fubfequently (2 Oct. 161 7) was created a Baronet. The other friend — John Zouch — was apparently one of the Zouches of Haryngworth. Full particulars of thefe families will be found in Betham's Baronetage of England. 5 Vols. 4to. 1 801-5. A.j. Ernaricdulfe. SONNETS WRITTEN BY E.CEfquier. Nonfat vt quondam, plena fattori: grant » At London, Printed for Matthew Ltto. TO MY VERY GOOD friends, lohn Zoucb, arid Ed- * ward TitttnJLfyttkri. L Oth biting friends, for a fmueb as by ireafon of an ague, I was inforced te \keepe my chamber , and to abandon idlenesjtoohein bande my fen tofi- nips an idle worke I had begun, at the command andferuice of a f aire Dante, being mojl exqui- fitbf weUfeatured,and of as excelle.it good car- riage, adorned with vertue; andvnderftanding the (toriejmd knowing you both to be offuff- cient valour jwttjotdbeneftie,pte fumed to dedi- cate the fame to you, not doubting but that ye* will vouch fafe for my fake, to maintaine the ho- nour of fofwecte a Saint. Thus crduingypumy. Autre friends to be frtrones oft be fe f ewe Son- nets: being well per/waded you will excufe my A $ vnlearued The Epistle. ittearned writing, in regardyou may be ajfured Jam no fchoUer , as dootb appeare by this my worthies verfe: hoping you wiUreceiue my good* viS with content, as I my felfefhaU be then be ft fat is fed. Andfo wifhingyou both as much comfortable happiness to myfouie: / bid you heartily far ewe IL ^ Tours mall true friend* /hip. EC, EMARICDVLFE. SONNET, r. txrHen firft the rage ofloue aflail'd my han, And towards my thoughts his fiery forces bent; Eftfoones to fhield me from nis wounding dart, Arm'd with difdaine,! held him in contempt. Curld headed louc when from mount Erecine He law this geere,fo ill thereof he brookes, That thence he fpeedes vn willing to be leene, Till he had tane his ftand in my faire lookes. There all inrae'd his golden bow he bent, And nockt his arrow like a pretie elfe : Which when I faw,I humbly to him went, And cri'd hold,hold,and 1 will yeeld my fclrev Thus Cupid conquer'd me,and made me fweare Homage to him,and dune to my deare. A 4 Homsge SOK NET. IT. LlOmage co loue,dutie to thee my deare, Deare miftris of ray thouglics,QueeneoTmyioyj Then ray lifts grarious planet Dright appcare, My hearts deepc griefe and fbrrow to deftroy, Be not(I thee bcfecch)my cares maintainer t For in thy power it lyes to due or (hike. To kill the gnefe,or els the gricfes retainer, With loue or hate the mfantof did ike. O if that cruellloue did not command To /lay my heart without remorfe or pitier Or ifhe aid that {ad dootne countermand* Andbe agradous Queeneof gendemerde: Sweetfhew thy felfe diuine in being pitirull* For narureof thegods is to be rnerctfull. Why SONNET. III. trrHjr doc I pleade for mereie vnto thee, v Whenfromotfcnccmylifc&foukareclccrc? For in my heart I ncere oflended thee, Vnlefic the hie pitch of his Sight it were. I,thar is it,I to too well confider, Thy fparkling beautic is the funnc that melted: My thoughts the waxe that ioyn'd his wings together, And till my very fall I neuer felt it; Defpaire the Oceanis that fwallowed me, Where 1 like Icarus continue drowned, Till with thy beautie I reuiued be, And with loucs immortalitic be crowned. True loue immortall is,then louc me truly : Sweet doe,and then thy name Ue honor duly. My SONNET. JUL V| Y forlorns mule that neuer erode the path That leades to top of hie Pierion mount, Nor neuer waiht within the Iiuelbme bath Of learnings fpringjbright Aganippe fount: Mine artles pen that neuer yet was dipt In facred ne&ar of fweet Caftalic, My loueficke heart that euer hath I dipt, Emancdu/fethe Queene of chaftitie: Shall now learne skill my Ladies fame to raife, Shall now take paines her venues to record, And honor her with more immortall praife, Then euer heretofore they could affoorck Both heartland pen,and mule {hall thinke it dude, With fighefwolne words to blaze her heauely beucie. Nature SONNET. V. kj Anire [EmjrieJulf) did greatly fauour, *^ When firft her pourtrait fhe began to pencill, And rob'd the heauens of her chiefeft honour: ' There facredbeautie all her parts doth tmcilL, Heauens Hyrarkie is in her bright eyesfpheered: The Graces fport in her cheekes dimpled pits : Trophies of raaieftie in her face be reared, A nd in her Iookes (lately Saturnia fits. Modeft Diana in her thoughts doth glorie, Loue-lacking Vefta in her heart in throned : The quired Mufes on her lips doe ftorie Their heauen fweet notes, as if that place they ow- But aye is me,C«//^/and Venui faire (bed, Haue no degree,faue in her golden haire. Within SONNET. VI. yrrltbin her baire v*amt and Cupidfaxx these Sometime they twift it Amberlike in gold, To which die whirling vrindes doe oft refort them, As if they (hone to haue the knots vnrold: Sometime they let their golden trrfles dangle, And therewith nets f. ad amorous gins they make, Wherewith the hearts of louers to isuanglc: ' Which once inthraTd,no ranfome they will take. But as co tyrants fitting in their thrones, Looke on their Haues wich tyrannizing eyes: So they no whit regarding louers mones, Doome worlds of hearts to endles flaucries, Vnlelle they fubieft-like fweare to adore, And feruc Enuncduifiox cucrmore. SONtfET. VIL |Will perieuereuerfortolouerhee, O ceafe diuineft fweemes to difdaine mee: Albeit my loues true types can neuer raoue thee, Yet from affection let not pride decaine thee. Although my heart once purchaft thy d jfpieafurc With ouerbold prefumpuon on thy fanour: tec now lie facrifice my richeft treafore Yntothy name and much admired honour: Tcares are the creature of my griefegal'd hare, Which on (thy loue) my altar I haue dropped To thce,thatmy thoughts temples goddeffeart, Hoping thy anger would thereby Be ftopped. If thele to get thy grace may not fuffice, My heart is 11 sine, accept thatfacriflce. Jus** SONNET. VtJL T^Mar'tciulffrou grace to cucry grace, 11 Thou perfbft life of my vnperfed liuing : My thoughts fole heauc,roy harts faect rcfting place., Caufe of my vyoc and comfort ofmy grieuing. O giue me leaue and I will tell thee how 1 he haplcs place and the vnhappie time, Wherein and when my fclfe 1 did auow To honour thce,and giue my heart cothine* Wearie with labour Jabour that did like me, I gaue my bodic to a fweet repofe : A golden /lumber fuddenly did ftnke me, That in deaths cabbm eucry fenfe did clofe : And either in a heauenly trance or vifion, 1 then beheld this pleafing apparition. SONNET. IX. A Wight was clad moftFofter-like in greene; With loyal home and hunting pole in hand : Whofe chanting houds Were heard in woods & leene The deerc amafdc before the rider ftand : The keeper bids goe choofe the beft in heard : The huntfrnan(ayd,my choife is not to change: And drawing neere the deerc was (ore affcard, Into the woods the rider fpurd to range: There did he view a taire young barren doe Within the hey faft by the purlcy fide, And woodman-iike did take trie wmdc thenfoe, Whereby the decre might better him abide. At length he fhot,and hit the very fame Where he beft likte and lou'd of ail the game,, But SONNET. X. n Vt ftay conceit where he beft like to lone, Yea better he if better beft might bee: The Rider thought the beft of better prouc, Till fortune fign'd his fortune for to fee. Now wearic he bctooke himfelfe to reft, Deuifed where he might good harbour finde: Emartcdttlf (quoth he J 1 am her gucft, And thither went : flic greeted him moft kindc: Welcome fayd fhc,thrce welcomes more fhe gauc: His hand fhe tookc,and talking with him then, What wine or bcere to drinkc wilt pleafe you haue, Sixe welcomes more,and fofhc made them ten. He dranke his hll,and fed to his defirc, Rcfrcfht himfclfc,and then did home retire. Forth- SONNET. XL EOrthwith I fa w,and with the fight was bleft, A bcauuousiffueofabeauuous mother, A young Em/iricdulf, whofc fight increaft Millions of ioyes each one exceeding other: Fairc (bringing branch fprong of a hopcfull ftocfee, On thee more beauties nature had beftowde, Then in her heauenly ftorehoufc (he dothlockc s Or may be feene difperft on earth abrode. Thrife had the Sunne the world encompafled, Before this bloflbme with deaths winter nipt: Ocruell death that thus haft withered, So faire a branch before it halfe was riptc ! Halfc glad with ioyes,and halfe appal'd with fcares, I wak't,and found my chcekes bedew'd with tearcs. B My SONNET. XII. luf Y cheeks bedcw'd.my eies cue drown'd with tearcs O feafull ftorme rhatcaufde lb great afhowre Gncfc ty'd my tonguc/orrow did ftop my eares, Bccauie earth loft her fweeteft paramoure. O cruell heauens and regardlcffe fates ! If the worlds beauue had compafsion'd yotf, You might by powre haue (hut deaths ebongates, And been rcmorfefull at her hcaucnly view. O foolifh nature why didft thou create AthingfofairCjif faircnes be neglected/ Butfarreft things be fubiett vnto fate, And in the end are by the fates reiee'rea. Yong £m4t/c yet thou croft the deftinie, iFbr tnou furuiu'ftinfainejthatnere fhal] die. SONNET. XI If. THat I did Iouc and once was lou'd of thee, WitnefTethefauoursthatlhauereceiued: That golden ring,pledge of thy conftancie: Thac.bracelctjthat my libertie bereaacd: Thofc gloues,that once adom'd thy hi lie hands: That handkercher,whofc mazeinthral'd me Co: 1 hofc thoufand gifics,that like a thoufand bands Bound both my heart and Joule to weale and woe. AlJ which )Lwearc,and wearing themfigh kmh, You infancies of her true loyaltae : I doe not Iceepe you for your fbueraigfieworth) But for her fake that fcneyou vnto me : Tis (he,nor you ,that doth compell my eyes, My lifes fole light,my hearts fole paradice, £ x One SONTfET. XI UL /"\Nc dajfjp ten times happic was that day, , EmartcJu/fv/as in her garden walking, Where floras imps ioy'd with her feere to play, And I to fee them thitherward ran (talking, Behind the hedgc(not daring to be feene^) I faw the fweet fent Rofcs bluih for frame, The Violets ftain'd,and pale the Lillies becne: Whereat to (mile my Ladic had good game. Sometimes (Tie pleafdc to (port vpon the grafle, That chang'd his hew to lee her heaiicnly prcfencc: But when (lie was imaskcd,then (alas^). They as my felfe wail'd for her beauties abfencet They mourn'd for that their miftris went away, A nd 1 for end of fuch a bleflcd day. What SONNET. XK. \xrHat meane our Merchants (b with eger minds To plough the Teas to finderich iuels forth? Sith in Emancdulf-% thoufand kinds Are heap'd, exceeding we althic Indias worth: Then India doth her hairc arroord more gold, And thoufands filuer mines her forheaid fhowes, More Diamonds then th'Egyptian furges foldc, Within her eyes rich treafurie nature ftowes: Her hony brcatn,but more then hony (wcetc, Exceeds the odours of Arabia : Thofe pretious rankes continually that meete, Are pcarlcs more worth then all America. Her other parts(proud C»^/cn( Maraaf harm-writing quill) Could feede the feeling of my thoughts defire, And (hew my wit cocquall with my will, 1 hen with you men diuinc I would confpire, In learned poems andfweetpoefie, To fend to hcauen my Ladies dignirie. Oft SONNET. XXJIJI. /"\Ftbauc I heard Hony-iong'd Ladies fyeake, Striuing their amerous courtiers i o indbant, And from their ne&aj ltp s fuch fweei words breake, As neither an nor hcaucnly skill did wane* But when Emarifduif^ns to difcouric, Her words are more then wel-run'd bannortie, And euery fentence of a greater force Then Mermaids ibng,orSyref)s fbreenet And iftohearc her fpcake,£**£r/and paradice of ioyes. C 4 Emarit- S.OJVNET. XXXI III, p Mjrtcdulf Joueis a holy fire ', Tbatburnesvnfeene,andyernotburningiecne: Free ofhin)felfe,ycc cbain'd with ftrong defire -t Con<^uerdby thce,yct mumphsin thy einc: An eye- bewitching vifion thee in (cemmg, Thatfhadow-like flyesfroroalouers eyes; An heauen afpiriftg fpirityoyd of feeing ; A gcntlcgod,yeclouesrb tyrannize: - Boncl-flaae.tohonour,Dunhcnof conceit, The only god of thine eyes Hyrarlfie,. Decay of friendfhip,grandfire of deceit, More thertagod,yct wants a monarkie: Baftardof nature, that to heauen did clime, To fceme the misbegotten hare of tun e. O SONNBT. XXXr. /-\Faith,thou facred Phoenixof this age, > Into another world from hence exiled Diuorc'd from honor by vnhecdfuU rage, Pureveftuesneft by harefull vice defiled: Thou faith thai cal'ft thy-fimame Conftancic, Chriftn? d aboue the nine- told glorious fphcre, And from the heauens deriues tby pedegree, Planting, r.he.rootc of rhy faire linage there; Let this thy glone-be aboue the reft, Th at banifht earth where thou didfr once remaine. Thou yet maift harbour in ray miftrisbreft, So aj>ure cOme bewties make a god of flatterie, And fcorne Elt^Jmmt eternaU types, Nathes,! abhorrefuch faithlcs prophsfie, L eaft I be beaten with thy venues (tripes* Wilt thou furuie another world to fee t Deltas fweete Prophet (hall the praifes fingc Of bewties worth exemplified in thee, A nd thy names honour in his fweete tunes ring: Thy vermes C»Um (hall immortalize, CvtUn chaft vertues organ fweceft cftcem'd, When for EU^ai name he did comprue Such matter as inuentions wonder feemd. Thy venues hee,thy bewties (hall the other j Chnften a ne w,whiies 1 fie by and wonder, Me*f«rtitnatua ft hod/cfc cr*>J& fanfer. t/NI* fd.E.C. *