EMENDATIONS IN AESCHYLUS
WITH A FEW OTHERS IN
SOPHOCLES AND EURIP3D-ES •
AND ONE IN THE
GOSPEL OF ST. MATTHEW, V., 22,
A. M. ROGERS.
BALTIMORE:
JOHN MURPHY & CO.
1894.
EMENDATIONS IN AESCHYLUS
WITH A PEW OTHERS IN
SOPHOCLES AND EURIPIDES:
AND ONE IN THE
GOSPEL OF ST. MATTHEW, V., 22,
BY
A. M. KOGEES.
'tjbivbrsitk
BALTIMORE:
JOHN MURPHY & CO.
I8g4.
<■ • • • * m* * *
• -•:«,
» »•» • •
Alexander Mason Rogers, of Scotch-Irish descent, was a
native of Baltimore, Maryland, a member of a family many
of whose names are well known in the annals of science. The
leisure moments of a busy life devoted to the duties of his
profession as a lawyer were given to scholarly research. This
was his recreation and delight. Even when in such feeble
health as would have debarred most men from intellectual
labor, his beloved books were never laid aside. The Curae
Aeschyleae was truly a labor of love, and having completed
the work he left in writing this request :
" Having spent many years (some eight or nine) in efforts
to restore the text of Aeschylus, and having made many singu-
lar and valuable discoveries, as I feel assured, I am anxious
that the results of so much labor and diligence shall not
perish. Should I die before securing the publication of these
labors, I trust that my sisters will make arrangements for
publication, selecting a competent scholar to edit the work.
Born July 26, 1824.
Died Dec. 26, 1889.
230946
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2007 with funding from
Microsoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/emendationsinaesOOrogerich
EDITOR'S PREFACE.
In his notes and emendations on Aeschylus (written as they
occurred to him in an interleaved copy of Wellauer's edition
of 1827) Mr. Rogers marked with the words ' Final ' and ' Re-
jected ' those corrections which met with his ultimate approval
and those which he abandoned — drawing a line through the
former word and substituting the latter (often too adding the
date of the change), if a better emendation suggested itself.
Those marked ' Final ' he left explicit directions to publish.
A very few others which he prefaced with a point of interro-
gation were to be examined, and withheld or not, as should
appear best. Little discretion therefore was left to the editor,
his labor being merely to discover and copy from the often
closely written page just which reading was the last preferred.
Hence the work stands very nearly as Mr. Rogers wrote it.
But the Greek names of the gods have been occasionally
substituted in the interest of uniformity, where the author
had used the Latin equivalents ; and the wording of the notes
has sometimes, but rarely, been altered. What the editor
himself adds by way of explanation or of reference — some-
times too permitting himself a note of dissent — is enclosed in
brackets. Otherwise his responsibility is only that of an
amanuensis.
5
6 Editor's Preface.
It is but just to Mr. Rogers to state that the books he
possessed on Aeschylus were very few. Beside the Wellauer
edition of 1827, he had Paley's 2d edition of 1861 and the
Teubner text (Dindorf's) of 1873 ; for the separate plays,
Bloomfield's Choeph., 1827; Agam., 1832; Felton's Agam.,
1847; Wecklein's Prom., 1872; Enger-Gilbert's Agam., 1874;
Ritschl's Sept. adv. Th., 1875 ; and Teuffel's Pers., 1875. In
addition to these, Wellauer's and Dindorf's Lexicons ; Her-
mann's Elementa Doctrinae Metricae, 1817 ; and Linwood's
Greek Tragic Metres, 1855. This constituted his whole ap-
paratus.
Thus isolated, it was natural that many emendations oc-
curred to him which were not, as he supposed, new. These
of course — with the ■ Eureka ' which he would write over the
especially happy ones — it is needless now to publish, but a
list of them is added at the end. In noting these anticipations
the editor has relied upon the invaluable edition of Aeschylus
by Wecklein, 1885, with its Appendix of 1893. In the
numbering of the verses he has followed the Teubner text
(Weil's) of 1889.
It may be not amiss to warn the reader that Mr. Rogers
evidently does not attach pre-eminent importance to the
readings of the Codex Medieeus. His text therefore can be
justified sometimes only by reference to a more complete
critical apparatus than that furnished by Wecklein.
L. L. Forman, Ph. D.
Baltimore, June, 1894.
THE SUPPLIANTS.
3 airb irpocTTOfiicdv Xeirrcav ftaOeo?
NetXou.
The contrast is between the deep river and its shallow
outlets. XeTTToylrafidOcov is not characteristic enough of
the Nile for poetry.
9 d\\' avToyevr) ye <j)vXaf;6 /juevai
ydfiov AlyvTrTov nraih&v, acre (St) t
6vora^6fjL€vai.
avToyevr/s can only mean l consanguineous.' (frvXago/ievai
is a fut. ptc. denoting purpose. acre/3?} is * impieties.'
14 fcvBicTTa xpecov eireKpavev
Cf. 374 %peo9 ttolv eiriKpaive^. Paley's sense of the read-
ing /cvBlctt a%e(ov, i best (i. e. the least bad) of evils/ is
not maintainable. The comparisons he cites are not to the
point. Nor does eiriKpaiveiv admit the sense of l counsel '
which he attributes to it.
38 irpiv TTore Xi/cTpcov, o)v #e/u? etpyec,* ! ' » ', »
<7(j)€T6pc^a/jbevov<; 7rarpaBeX(f)€i.dv » . ,.,,,
KOLrrjv aii/cw? eTCi$r\vai. ■•*•**••?•*" '
Cf. Eur. Med. 435 ras dvdvhpov tcoiTa? bXecraaa XeicTpov,
Aesch. Pers. 543 Xeicrpcov evvds. The loss of koi- in
koltt]v (probably mistaken for icai) caused the corruption
of aifcws. [crfaTepigafjLevovs anticipated by Lincke.]
7
8 The Suppliants.
46 e'f eTTLirvoia^
7jt)v6v i(f>r)'tyaT' eTTcavvfjiia r
eireKpaivero fjLOpo-tfio? alcov
i<j>r)tya,To suits exactly the interjective character of the
clause.
53 <yovea)V iiriBel^co
TTIGTCL TeK^lTjpia K O V K dvOJJLOC-
d 7' deXirTa irep ovra (f>avelrai.
1 And not discordant (as mythic accounts are apt to be),
though surprising, will they seem.'
60 Bogdaei rivd icXdeiv oira rd$ Tvpeta?
/jLijrtBa<;, ol/crpas dX6%ov
KipKrjXdrov t drjBovos'
64 irevOel veoi/co<; i/cro? rjBeow
' Mourns estranged outside of its wonts.' Confusion of
e#T09, -oiKo<$, and oIktos.
74 Betfiaivova d(j>iXoV<; rdaBe (f>vyd<;
'Aep/a? dirb 7^9
fcoijTts icrrl /cwBe/jLcbv.
[The emendation is independent of Weil's dfylXov, as it is
dated Dec., 84.]
80 v$piv 8' iroificos crrvyovvre^
nreXotre orvvBifcoi 7' i/jbols.
The sense is strong. 1 1 groan unfriended. In my flight
thsre is no protector. But ye gods, who . . . . , be ad-
vocates to my side.' [e/W?]
82 ear 1 Be Kaic irroXefJuov reipofjLevot,?
pvfjici, BacfMoacv <rej3a<;.
The Suppliants. g
f To the distressed in war the altar is a Mars (i. e. a suc-
cour to the exhausted side), to fugitives is a stronghold,
and to the divinities a thing venerated.'
85 ipprjOr) S' 67T09 €v 7rava\r)6a)<;,
Ato? t/iepos ovk evOrjparos irv^Or).
irdvra o-rv(j>\d y* edrj/c ev
(TKOTW,
eOrj/c' ev, not edrjtcev, since the local dative according to
Kuhner's Gram. § 426, 1 is not found in Aeschylus [Dated
1880. Is independent therefore of Tucker's elprjrai X0705.
— Kiihner can hardly be correct as regards Aeschylus'
avoidance of the local dative. See Prom. 706, Ag. 558,
Cho. 87, 168, Th. 17.]
97 fiiav S' ovtlv i%07rXi%eL
TTjBe 7TOVCOV 8cU/JLOVL(0V
i But he displays therein no violence of demoniac toil.'
107 Kal Scdvoiav puev coXeaev
icevrpov excov acfrvKTOv, dfidv S'
dirdrav fjuerayvov^.
Conjecture: Kal 8c dviav /nev oWvrat kt\. [Wel-
lauer's reading of 100 (the verse of the strophe answering
to 107) is tffievov dvco <f>p6v7j/jbd 7r«9.]
122 Ovova* evdyea rekea weXofiev ov /caXcbs
€7re8pa/j,ov 60 1 ddvaros dirfj.
Sense: Sacrifices in Egypt being unfavourable, I fled
whither I might escape death. — ivayrjs is possibly an
epithet of aversion bestowed on Egyptian rites. Or is
Qvovcf evakia re\ea to be read, =' offering sacrifice on
the sea-shore before leaving Egypt'? ottoQi, as ordi-
10 The Suppliants,
narily read, is not found in the tragedians. See Dindorfs
Lex. Aesch.
162 a^rjfjbios S' ovk 'Io>
€/J,7)V€ fLV7)0-T7]p' €/C OeCOV
kovvo) 6° arav
ya/jb6Ta<; ovpavoviKov
1 Not without penalty did Io madden with love a suitor
of the gods/
168 /cal tot av BiKaioiq
Zeu? 6VT€v%eTaL \6yoi?
hiKaioi \6yot of just censure.
The repetition in antistrophe of vv. 162-166 is without
the authority of the MSS., and to be reprobated on every
account.
186 a\\' 6lt aTrrjfJbcov elVe KapTa 6ep /jlovovs
GDfJLr) gvv opyfj twvS* eiropvvTai gtoXo?
TeOvfifievcx; (Porson) denotes intense passion which darkens
and confuses the mind; Ted^y/ievo? an acute attack of
anger. Neither suits here, depfiovov? goes well with
o)//,o? and 0/3777, denoting the flush of anger upon supposed
injury. A nominative is needed for eirbpvvTai, hence
0-7-0X09. TcovSe are the apywyeTcu. [rwvSe and cttoXos
were anticipated by Todt.]
198 to jxr] jjlcltcllov 6" e? fi€T(07ra o-oatypovcov
itco 7Tpocrd)7rcov
— ' to the metopes of your modest face.'
243 \xovov to8* f EX,Xa? yOcov crvvelaeTai Taya.
1 This feature only will the Grecian land readily recognise
as its own.' Aesch. uses Taya with elaoficu five times,
with Trevcrei twice, with yvcocrei once. See Dindorf s Lex.
The Suppliants. II
247 iya> Be irpos ere irorepov 009 errjv \eyco
rrjpovvra #' 'E/o/xoO pdftBov, rj 7ro\eft)9 dyov;
Sense : Do I address you as a citizen and one keeping the
staff of Mercury (i. e. as a mere herald), or — ?
250 tov yr)yevov<z yap el ft eyej YiaXai^Oovo^
lvi<$ Ue\ao-y6<;' tov Be, 77)9 ap^vyerov,
e/jbov r* avafcros evXoycos e7T(ovv/jbov
' For of the earthborn Palaichthon I am the son Pelasgos.
And of him the Founder and of me the King, the epony-
mous Pelasgic people — .' [An apparently earlier emen-
dation with note is the following :
rod ywyevovs yap el/ju 670) TraXafydovos
Zvis TieXao-yov TrjaBe yfj<; ap^Tjyerov
e<£' ov 8' ava/cros (vel. a(j> ov £')
ifiov S' ava/cros must be corrupt. How could a yet living
king be the eponymous founder (not of a small city but)
of a wide-spread state ? iraXai^^v is an epithet, not a
proper name.]
254 fcal iraaav alav 979 Bi>* aypovs ep^erai
Xrpv/jLcov, toitov Bvvovtos rfklov, Kparot).
265 to, Brj iraXaiwv alfidrcov fiido-fjuaacv
XpavOelcr dvrjKe yaT, d/jbvvec S' avr* e/cas
SpaKOvd 1 6 fiavXov, Bvafievrj ^vvoiKiav.
Sense: (He purges the land of hostile beasts) which
the earth has brought forth, and keeps afar the social
dragon. — The clause to, Btf . . . . avrj/ce yaia is
parenthetic and explanatory. Dragons men generally
imagined to live singly; the social dragon was there-
fore a terror.
12 The Suppliants.
294 r) 7' , co? fxev tare, teal (f>dn<; ttoXXt) Kparet
[This and the two preceding verses are assigned in Wel-
lauer's text to the chorus.]
319 to irpXv (ra<f)r)<$ vvv ovofia tovto /jloc <f)pdo~ov.
' Hitherto clear in your statements, do you now tell me
your father's name.'
329 eVet- tls r)vj(6i T V V ^ cLveXiriarw 4>vyfj
KeXaetv e? "Apyos
i Since who thought that this one (I) in unexpected flight — '
351 qXifidroMriv aX/ca ttigvvos /jbifiVKa
<$>pa%ovo-a ftorrjpL /jlo^Oov^.
A detailed simile here from the suppliants is not appro-
priate, while a return to their own pressing case, with
metaphor and asyndeton, is eminently so. i Trusting to
your help I low my troubles' — or perhaps the perfect
tense has its full force, referring to the tale just told.
385 jjuivec tovs Zrjvb? 6i«ot©9 kotos
hvanrapaOekicTovs ttclQqvtos oiktois
396 tcplve, o-eftas, to irpos Oewv.
For the voc. aifia^ cf. Cho. 156, Prom. 1091.
405 tl T&v8 ef laov peiro fievov ; /jl€toX-
yels to Blkcllov €p£cu ;
The chorus are answering the king's declaration in v. 397
that the case is a difficult one to decide. Their answer
runs (402-406) : Zeus, while equally related to both parties,
regards this matter with inclination to our side, justly as-
signing the wrong to the wicked, the right to the just.
What equality is there in the case? Where is there a
/cpifia ovk ev/cptTov? Your hesitancy is not about the
right, but about doing it.
The Suppliants. 13
438 Bevpo 8' igofciWofiai I fil^N/Cta*
rj Tola iv rj rols 7ro\€fiov cdpearOcu fieyav.
irapecrT* avdy/crj, /ecu 767 6 fjL<j)coTCU (7/ea<£o9,
(TTpefiXaLo-i vavTiKalaiv &>? irpOG-^y/jievov.
6 I'm driven to this strand,
With these or those to make great battle.
Necessity surrounds ; and thus the ship
Is wedged, as on the ways 't were fastened.'
As the text is commonly punctuated, Bevpo is without
sense. The frequency of the phrase iraa dvdyicr) caused
the disappearance of the true reading. cncd$o<$ is the ship
of state, or the king himself. Finally, what Greek would
have separated yeyofjLcjjcoTcu and o-fedepos !
447 ykvoiro fivdov /jlvOo? av OeX/CTrjpios
a\yei re dvfjiov tedpra /ccvrjrrj poos .
— l and for distress of soul strongly expulsive.' [/az^r^-
pto? proposed by Schwerdt.]
452 r) icdpTa veifcovs twvS* iyco Trapoi^ofiac.
rcovSe refers to both suppliants and claimants, irapol^oyjai
is ' I stand aside from.' The xPV°" r VP La iroKka (v. 450),
if offered at all, must be provided by himself or the city,
as the suppliants could hardly have them. Hence in part
his decision : I decline positively the contention of these
parties. [Upon this the suppliants threaten to hang them-
selves, thereby finally effecting a reversal of the king's
judgment. But if Paley's text and interpretation of v.
452 were correct, by which apparently the king is already
on the point of yielding, not threats but further and more
insistent entreaty would follow.]
491 alBolov evrpoirov re irpo^evov \afielv.
14 The Suppliants.
494 ftatfjLOvs irpovaov? Kal 7to\vctt['^ov<; eBpa?
' Many-ranked seats.'
Interpretation of v. 514 del & dvaKrav earl Belfi e%al-
acov : Selfia is ( distrust/ dvatcrtov an objective genitive.
530 rdv fieXavo £vyov vavv.
Cf. e/caTo&yos, TpiaKovrd&yos, iroXv^vyos. Termi-
nation in -fvf has another sense j cf. fiovo-, 8L-, Tpt-fwf .
— Conjecture: arvv fjueXavi ^vyurrj.
534 vecoo-ov ev(f>pov alvov,
yovev 7ro\v/u,VT)(TTOp, efyairrop 'Iou?,
8i a? kt\.
Conject. : vecocrov ev<f>pov alvov yovfj, iroXvfivrjGTOp kt\.
538 iraXaibv S' eh typo? [xereo-rav arp. ft
fiaTepos dvOovofiov, o-revcoirbv
Xei/jicova ftov^iXov, evOev 'Ia>
olarpov epeao-ofievov
<f>evyec kt\.
547 lairrei ft a a' 6Bbv Si alas dvT. ft
fjLwXoftoTov QpvyLa? BiapnrdQ
irepa Be Tevdpavro? aarv Mva&v
AvBca irorl yvaXa
Kal BC OpCDV JfLlXiKCDV
Hafi<j)v\cov re Btopvvfieva
Tot>9 7T0Ta/uL0v<z devdov?
Kal ftadvTrXovrov %0oz> \ e? av-
rav ' 'AcfrpoBtras irokvirvpov alav.
iKvelrac 8* elra tcvay/jueva /3e\ei arp. y
/3ovk6\ov ktX.
The Suppliants. 15
From v. 549 : 'She passes Teuthras' Mysian city to Lydian
vales, and o'er Cilician and Pamphylian boundaries,
whirled through their constant rivers and deep soil, e'en
to Venus' wheaten land (Syria). And then she reaches
Egypt, etc.'
559 Xet/jLwva ^iovo/Boc/cov, ovt eirep^eTat
TV(f>OVfl6VOV
vBcop to NeiXov
Tvcfrovfievov * swollen, muddy.'
565 ftpoTol & o'l 7a? tot rjo~av evvo/juoi
%Xg)/?c5 Sei/jbarc Ovfibv
7)\S)Vt\ oyjrcv arfdr) kt\.
574 Zeus al&vot; Kpecov eireaTT]
/cal vvv r\8e vocro? irpbs
ft Lav a7rr]/jLdvTa) adevet,
/cal OeLats eiriirvoiais
iraveTai, 8aicpv(Dv S' airo-
ara^ec irevO i/jlos a 18 a>9.
iirea-TT) used of sudden appearances. See the lexicons.
592 a i) jap jrarrjp <j>vrovpybs avTo^eip aval;
yevov? 7ra\at6(f)pcov fieya?
refcrcov, to ttolv fnj^avoppa^rjf; Zevs.
V7T apices o ov ti<$ av uoa^cov
to fielov Kpeiao-ovcov KpaTvvoc
el 8e T(? avcoOev tffievov aefiei, kolt(o
irapecTTiv epyov a>9 eiros
o-Trevacov th>' ©9 8ov\io$ <f>epei, (f>prjv.
From v. 595 : ' Under whose protection anyone retreat-
ing, though the weaker side, may govern the stronger.
1 6 The Suppliants.
But if one worship him seated on high, below he is present
at once to expedite one's deed and word, as the subservient
mind desires.' — For airevheiv with personal object, see
Soph. Aj. 1223 eairevcra rbv o-Tparrfkdrrjv 'Aya/jLe/jbVova.
— Conject. : nrdpeaT oS* epyov to? ezro*?.
In v. 606 (iU' 009 av 7}$r)<jaip,i yrjpaia (frpevi, the 009
is proper, forming with hixoppoTray? of the preceding v. a
comparative proposition. See Kiihn. Gram. §§ 583 and
586, 5. The sense is : l they decided ov SixoppoTrm but
in such manner as I could feel young in my old heart/
not l so as to gladden me.'
617 jjueyav, irpotypovos 0)9 /jlijttot ela-oirtv yjpovov
iroXiv irayyvai
1 Great the anger of Zeus, as never willing thereafter to
fatten (make rich) the city.'
633 firjiroTe it a pa ttoXlv rdvBe TieXaayiav
rbv ayopov ftodv ktigcli fid^Xov "Apr)
The chorus prays that the city may be free from assault,
not from destruction.
646 Acov iiriBofjuevoi irpdicTop eVtV kottov
8vo-7roXefj,r)TOV, el re? av S0/X09 e^ot
l>7t' opocfrcov fiLaivovra' fiapvs 6° ifyl^ei.
i Regarding Zeus as an inflexible avenger whenever a house
has beneath its roof polluting things.' — 86/jlos is here for
the city. For el with the opt. and av, see Kiihn. Gram.,
§ 577, 1. £(f>L&w used of a hostile force encamped or
ambushed in a position of observation and attack. Con-
ject. : et tlv* av 80/1,09 e%ot, with fjuiaivovra masc. sing,
in agreement, [yir opo^cov anticipated by Stanley.]
The Suppliants. 17
691 TrocovofjLCL Be irpo&ara iroXvyova reXedot
From irpo^ara came the Med. corruption fiporaToo; from
TroLovofxa sprang irpovo/xa which is a vox nihili. \ttolo-
v6/Ma anticipated by Hartung.]
694 6V<f>7)fjL0V B' 67ri/3(t)l>T(DV
Moucrat? deals aotBoi'
706 Ba<j>oivoo<; fiovOvTOicrt Ttficus.
Why should the Oeol iy^opioi be honored with Apollo's
laurel, according to the common reading Ba<\>vr)(\>6poL<; ?
As for Bacfrvo^opots, it may be noted that forms in Ba<f>vo-
instead of Ba^vrj- all seem late. The strophe 698-700
should read, as corrected by various scholars :
(jyvXaaaoc TLfjLioiai, TCfias
TO BrjfjLlOV TT)V TTOXlV KpCLTVVOl
irpo^adevs, kolvo/jltjtls apya'
718 ayav /caXcos icXvovaa <y 605 av ev<^iXrjS .
' Listening to the helm as if fond of it.' — Conject. : a>? av
el (friXr}, or ct>9 av y (frlXr), or C05 av ol <f>iXov.
745 ttoXXoI /jLeXay%i/jL(0 crvv crrparcp.
765 ovBe 7reco-/jbaTcov acorrjpLa'
6? yrjv B' eveyfcelv ovB* ev ayKVpov^uacs
Bapo-ovat vaojv Troifjueves TrapavTL/ca,
aXXax; re zeal fioXovres dXl/juevov ^Oova,
cb 5 eveic aTroarei^ovros rjXiov <f>iXel
wBlva TLKTeiv vvg fcv/3epvr)Tr) aro(f>S.
From v. 764 : l Neither is the setting out of a fleet a quick
matter, nor its anchoring, nor the securing it by cables.
But to come to land, even when anchored, skippers are in
no haste, especially when they have come to a harborless
2
1 8 The Suppliants,
shore ; since by reason of darkness the night etc/ — Con-
ject. : Tt? 8' ovk d , iroo~T6i'XpvTO<; .... vv% * what night
does not etc. ? ' [For Aeschylus' avoidance of dactyls in
the first foot of iambic trimeter, see Wecklein Prom. 6.]
(775 .... yepovd\ rjfieovTa £' evykaxro-a) (jypevL re-
minds one of Milton's ' old man eloquent.')
779 fieXa? yevoifiav kclttvos <rrp.
ve<j)€o-(Ti yeurovoiv Ato?,
to irav & d(j)avTO<;.
afLirraa 009 arjav /o o 9
fcovts drepOe 7rr€pvya)V 6\o[fiav.
Cf. the antistr.
787 OeXoijiL 8 av jjbopaifiov out.
ftpoxov rw)(€iv ev aapydvais,
nrplv dvSp' direvKTov
toSS' iyxpLfi<f)6r)vai %€pOLV kt\.
806 riva 8' d/jLO/j,<f)ov ere iropov
rifivo fiev ydfiov Xvrijpa ;
826 oBe fie fidpTrrei vdio? y, dteis ;
Troch. and Cret.
ri adv, 7rp0fiaT0p, irrdic dfjLV7)/j,ov€L<; ;
Iamb, and Cret.
av6i icdiciicvs av Cret.
Bdiov ftodv dfjb(f>aiv(o. Cret. and Dochm.
830 opa rdhe ^>poi)na, irpo^eve, irovtdv
See note.
ftial<ov ifjuSiv. r)e r)e. Dochm.
/Salve <f)vyd8o<; 7rpo9 aktcdv Cret.
ft\oavp6$p<Dv %XtSa Dochm.
Bv<r<f>6p(o<; vdio? xdv ya. Cret.
The Suppliants. 19
835 aval; irporda-crov.
1 This pirate seizes me. Dost hear ? Why, ancestress, un-
mindful of thy hare ? Again, though weak, again I raise
my wretched voice. See these things, prefaces — .' — If we
read in v. 830 opa (frpoifiia rdSe, irpo^eve, irovoav, we have
two dochmiacs. 1 [The dochmiac in v. 829 ( 1 — ) is
rare in Aeschylus. See Gleditsch, Metrik der Griechen
und Eomer, § 102 (Iwan Miiller's Handbuch, vol. II).
Despite Enger's protest in Philologus XII, p. 457, the
second dochmiac proposed for v. 830 ( I w - ) still has
its defenders, among others Christ, Metrik, p. 428.]
842 KH. aovo-de, aovad" oXo/juevai fioXeo/juev iir
d/jbtSa.
XO. el'0' dvd iroXvpoQiov crrp.
dXfjbTjevra iropov
845 §ecnrocrL(p %vv vfipeu
yo/jL<j)o8eT<p T€ &6p€L SmoXov.
OaijXWV Tfc? ft)9 €7T afliO (OV
eZ? vScop VlTTLoV dv 7TOT6.
KH. KeXevw ftods /jbeOeaOai.
850 ^°"%' dpdv, (frpevlra.
XO. lov lot). KH. 0)7) ODTj.
X€L<j> eBpavov, tcC e'9 Bopv,
drier dfi ttoXlv ov o-e/3ov.
V. 847 : ' Though like a divinity on board of the amis,
you may yet be turned over in the water.' — odtj a call to
1 After many hours' or days' endeavor to restore these lines, the
thought struck me that we had here membra disiecta. I then set down
the aptest words, turned to my Aeschylean Lexicon and found with
delight every word there. Not till then did I think of the metres, and
to my astonishment they seemed perfect. This was the work of two
or three minutes. I could not have composed the lines in an hour.
WVBR3IT7
20 The Suppliants.
the sluggish, hfi ttoXlv the Egyptian state. [For the
rarity if not entire absence in Tragedy of such an elision
as that in dfiiBi (v. 847), see Kiihn. Gram. § 53, 5, C,
and Jebb. Oed. Col. 1436, Appendix. Mr. Rogers has
given no explanation of fypevlra or of v. 853.]
854 XO. firjirore irakiv IBotfi avr.
aXfyea-'ifioiov vBcop
evOev Begajiiva
%Q)(f>VTOV alfJLCL jSp0T0i(Tl 6dXk€l
r) yac aeu p au vyecos .
ftdOp* ea, ftddp' ea, w yepov.
860 KH. (TV Br) vat vat ftdaei
rd^a #e\eo? ddeXeos.
ft 6a ft 6a iroWd. cfrpovBa
ftaO* dvdftaOt, fir) TraOrjs
oXofieva iraXdfia^ e'/ia?.
Sense from v. 854 : ( May I never see the Nile, whence
receiving its life-blood that ever-rich soil blooms for
mortals.' The two chief facts of Egypt : the life-blood
of the Nile, the constant renewal of the soil. — For fir)
Trd6r)<$ TraXdfias, cf. Soph. Phil. 1206 pe%r)<$ iraXdfiav.
874 ftdpiv ovtc virepOopel,
el fcal ftoa iriKporepa y olfito^ois ofico<;.
In the antistr. v. 884 read oXtcr) yap avrij irXoKafiov
ovBdfi d^erau. [avrrf already suggested by Todt.]
877 Xvfias era? av nrpo yas vXdcriceLS'
TrepiyjpifiirTa fteftpd^eis 6a eptoras' 6 fieya?
NeZ\o9 vftpi^ovr diroTpe-
yfrecev aiarov vftpiv.
' You howl your contumelies abroad. With gnash of teeth
The Suppliants. 21
you chatter (like a grasshopper) whatsoever you demand
of us.'
885 ol ol <rrp.
irdrep, fipeTas 7' ipva-erac
apayyos &>? ftdBniv
avrjp 60 pel pu ekav.
otototoI,
890 //.' ayei, pu ayec ftlav
<\}OJ3epav diroTpeire,
w ftovyeve? iral Zrjvo?.
' Father, even the image is seized. Spider-like step by
step this man springs to snatch me. He drags me, he
drags me. Avert this fearful violence, O oxborn son of
Zeus (Epaphus).' — puaXBadyet in Med., v. 896 (—pudXa
B' ayet,) is a stage-direction and not genuine.
895 pucupa ireXa^ BLttovs 8<jh$ avr,
&yt&va 8' co? puera-
irTOiovaav ipue Bdicvei.
[Mr. Rogers has cited nothing in Tragedy to support
ipvo-ercu (v. 886), nothing in all Greek for Oopel (v.
888) ; nor does he show how his reading of v. 892 may
be reconciled with the response of the herald in v. 893.]
938 iv xpovcp puaOcov
eaei av 7' avrbs yol %vvkpnropoi cedev.
For ptc. with elvai, see Ktihn. Gram., § 353, Anm. 3.
977 BA. TacrcrecrOe <f>lXa<; BpLoytBa? ovrax;
' Arrange for yourselves your good maids in such way
as — .' The fyiXat BpucotBes are the servants given by the
king and assigned by their father to each as dowry. [An-
ticipated by Geel.]
22 The Suppliants.
983 kcli jxov ra fiev nrpa^Oevra irpbs tol>? iyyevet?
c£t\&)9, TriKpoi? $ rjtcovo-av avrave^LOV^'
998 repetv oiroapa 8' ev$vXcLKTO<i ovBaficbs.
6rjpe<$ Be Krjpaivovo-L kcl\ {3porol ye fjbrjv
kcl\ KvcoBaXa irTepovvra kcli ireBoaTL^rj
KapirutfiaTL cttcl^ovti Keipovariv KvTrpiv
%aXcopa kcoXvov<tl it poa /xeveiv 0epo<;.
Sense : ' But the tender fruitage is never easily guarded.
For beasts and men alike destroy ; and winged and crawl-
ing creatures alike shear off the beauty of the softening
fruit and forbid their spoils (what they have punctured
and defaced) to await the summer ripening. — For the
plural /ceopovai, see Kiihn. Gram., § 365 a) and b). \7rp0cr-
ixeveiv Oepos anticipated by Paley (1883).]
1007 ttoXvs Be 7ro^T09 uiv e/c\r)pco0r) irept.
' With respect to which (i. e. to the avoidance of which)
much toil and travel was chosen.' According to Dindorf 's
Lexicon, Aeschylus thus postpones irepi with the genitive
thirteen times in sixteen.
1018 Ire fjuav acrrvdva/CTas
fjuaicapa*; deovs yepapcovre?
1039 irapeicnv TloOos, cSt' ov-
Bev airapvos reXeOei, 6eX-
KTpa re Tiecdov^.
'Desire is at her (Venus') side, to whom she refuses
nothing, and the charms of Persuasion.' — OeXtcrpa YletOoyt;
—Heidco, with which cf. rpiftoi r epcorcov at the end of
the strophe. The common reading OeXtcropt HclOol is
objectionable because following so closely fierd/eoivoi in
the same case with (f>lXa ixarpl. Besides, no such relative
The Persians. 23
construction as Trapeuriv H60o<; a r ovSev airapvov rekedei
dekKTopi UetdoL is to be found in Aesch., nor is there suf-
ficient authority for any but an active sense of airapvos.
1066 eS
€VfjL€vrj fiiov KTiaas.
' Restoring to her a reasonable life, fiio? = modus vivendi.
kti^cd is apparently the vox propria. Cf. Cho. 1060,
Eum. 17.
THE PERSIANS.
12 iraaa yap la^vs 'Acrcaroyevr)*;
ai^coKe' kvqjv t* avSpa ftav^ei,.
6 The dog whines for his master.'
Conject. 34 : %ovaio-/cdvr)<; \ iirl 7a? raycov Alyv-
irToyevrjs. Parallelism with the succeeding names requires
here mention of Sousiskanes' office.
102 Oeodev yap' rdSe Motp'
i/cpdrno-ev to ira\aiov
' For so it is divinely fixed. These things Fate long ago
determined.' — rdBe lost -8e and received #a- in com-
pensation.
108 e/juadov 8' evpv iropev-
fia OaXdo-aas iroXiac-
vofiiva? 7rv€VfiaTL \d/3pa>
io-opav ttovtcov a\o-o$
By the apposition of iropev/jua, ttovtlov akaros becomes
less harsh.
24 The Persians.
144 7TW? dpa irpdcrcrei B<€pi;r)S fiacrikevs
Aapetoyevrjs
irarpoOev re vefjuwv <yevo<? rjfjberepov
( And from his sire holding sway over — .'
162 ov8cl/jlg)s ijjLavrfj ardcr^ aSeifiavros, $>L\oi
Interpretation of 163-164:
fir) /juiyas 7r\ovro<; kovi<tcl$ ovSas avrpiyjry 7roBl
o\/3ov, ov Aapelos rjpev ov/c avev Qefhv twos.
These lines need no change. The metaphor is taken from
the palaestra, oXfto? ' national prosperity,' itXovto<$ ' wealth
and associated luxury,' icovicras ov&as i dusting over the
floor of the palaestra ' (Plutus as the challenging party
being eager for the contest), civarpeireiv * to overthrow in
wrestling/ — Sense : l Lest wealth overmatch the national
prosperity.' The underlying view is that wealth is de-
structive of the well-being pf the state.
165 ravrd fjuoi BnrXrj fiepi/jiva <j)6pT0<; W9 ti$ iv
(jypecrLV
In v. 166 yjpy)iLaTa>v avdvBpcov = riches not possessed
by brave men to defend their ownership. In 168 afjuefufrrj?
is ' desirable/ the sense being : Riches national, like that
of a family, are desirable, but need a guardian eye. ocfrdaX-
/x,o? surely does not mean here Xerxes, as TeufFel thinks.
193 fv rjvicu? to 9 e%X €v € ^ a p KT0V (tto/jlo,
cit>9 is causal.
Conject. 214: o-coOels tT o/jlolcos ri]crBe Kolpavo?
Xdovos. With KOipavos, yevotr civ supplied from v. 212
will satisfy Dindorf 's " futurum aliquod requiritur, non
praesens." See his Lex.
The Persians. 25
275 aXlBova o-GOfiara TroXvjSeKfrr}
KarOavovra Xeyet? <f>epea6ai
7T0)? aKTals hiifKaKecraLV.
StVXaf is ' double.' The chorus refers to and repeats the
herald's message of v. 273. — Conject. : irXay/cTot? iirl
irkaiceo-GLv, with the sense that the deep-sunken bodies
(aoa^ara TroXvftafyrj) after swelling and rising to the
surface had rested on the low flats often covered with
water — 'the weltering sands/ Or is it iray kolvoktl
7r\a/c€o-<Tiv, of Hades? Cf. Soph. O. C. 1564 rav 7ray~
K6v0rj Karco veKpwv ifkaica.
Conject. 286: arvyval 8' 'AOavcu Seo?, the chorus
again repeating the herald's thought and construction in
V. 284 e^do? ovofjua ^aXa^ilvo^. With Seo? for Baoi,?,
the Med. reading of the strophe may stand.
Conject. 310: vitcw/juevoL Kvpovaiv la^vpav ^Oova.
312 <t>6peaaevw<s Tpiros
c^epvov^o^ , ol$€ vaos iic jjuia^ 7reero9.
<f>epvovxo<; the governor of a place assigned as dower
(<f>6pvrj) to the queen.
321 o t eaOXos ' Apco/judp 6 ^aphecriv
irevdos Trapacry&v
[Mr. Rogers has furnished no accent for ^Kptofiap ; nor
does he alter Wellauer's Kapco/uLapSos in v. 967.]
Conject. 329: Toiayvft apto-rcov vvv vire^vrjcrO^v irepr
388 irpwTov fiev r\X ei *eXa8o9 'JLWrjvcov irdpa'
fioXirf 8' av€V(j>TJ fivo-av, opOtov 0* afia
avTrj\aka%6 vwo-motlSos TreTpas
26 The Persians.
From v. 386 : ' But with morning there sounded a shout
from the side of the Greeks ; in song they raised it, and
straightway — .' The song {^oXirrf) so striking to the
Persian was the paean. With dvev(f>r) p,e(o cf. avafiaXko/jbcu
'to strike up a tune.' I find that Wecklein has antici-
pated the emendation of rJX 6c -
443 oo-Ti? r avcLKTi itmttos iv 7rpcoToi<; del
ttlcttlv iv 7rpcoTOL<;, the common reading, is extremely
awkward.
532. a> Zev PacriXev, ct>9 vvv Hepacov
g>9 dropped by transcribers to avoid hiatus. Note the
frequent use of exclamatory a>9 in this play : 251, 260,
285, 472, 515, 519, 845, 911.
Conject. 574: reive Be 8vo-f3av ktol^ \ j3oaL<rtv
rdkcuvav avSdv, referring to and in explanation of 6a,
erj. This reference by the chorus to its own words or
actions is not infrequent in Tragedy, e. g. Cho. 423.
Interpretation of v. 600 : nrdvra Bei^/juaLvecv <f)i\eL.
'All things are wont to fear/ i. e. man and all his sur-
roundings. As he is full of fear, so all things take the
color of his mind. We might render : ' Fear is every-
where/ — The same Trdvra goes with ireiroiQevai in 601.
633 rj p diet, fxov fjLarcapL-
ras la-oBalficov ftacriXevs
fiapftdpcov aa(f>7}V7J
levTO? rd iravaioK! al-
avrj BvaOpoa fidy/iara ;
fiapfidpcov explains rd in the following verse, and enables
us to read in the antistrophe with the Med.
641 Baifiova jxeyaXav^rj.
The Persians. 27
fieyavx*), while not without precedent, is unlikely.
Conject. 648 : fj <j)Cko<; r/filv <£t\o? o%0o9. The read-
ing rj (ftikos avrjp anticipates and renders pointless the
following <f>i\a yap /ce/cevOev 7]Qri.
650 dveirjs, *A'i8<av€v<;, <rrp.
Balfiova 81 ov avaicra Aapetdv.
655 0€OfjLrj(TTG)p 8' dvr.
ecTfcev, eVet (TTparbv ev TroBrjyn kgv .
TroBwyeco ap. Plato. Confusion easy between 68600 and
7ro8rjy6co. Note the attempted correction of Med. 2 : ev
€7ro8a)/cei. \8aifiova anticipated by F. W. Newman.]
675 ti rd8e 8vvdr d8vvara ;
irepl tcl ad 8c8vfjba
81 avoiav dfiapria
iravra ya raS*
i£e(p>6iv0S at Tpi<Ttca\fjLOi
vacs avaes avaes.
1 Why are the strong (become) weak ? ' irepl rd <rd, as
complimentary to Darius, must be correct. [Mr. Rogers
has not here marked what were his own corrections. But
most of it proves to have been anticipated.]
708 ytyverat Ovrjrota-t pbdaaoVy rjv /3fco? TaOfj
irp6(T(o.
Conject. 850: viravrtd^etv iratBi 7tg)? ireipdo-o/juai.
857 irpSdra jxev €v8okl/jlov<; a-Tpartd^ dirk-
(f>atv€, /a a gov 8e vofjuta/jtara irvpyiva
irdvr iirevdvvev.
vocttovs 8* i/c 7ro\epbcov dirovovs diraQel^
? ev 7rpd<T(T0VTa<; ay' €9 ottcov<;.
28 The Persians.
The subject of the whole is Darius, already introduced
in the strophe v. 854 ev6 6 ywpaibs . . . Aapelos ap%e
Xcopas. It is claimed for him 1) that he sent forth ex-
peditions in the best manner, 2) that he stayed with them
conducting all the erections, &c. of assault, 3) that he
brought them safely back by direct routes to their places
of abode, where in the meantime all had been properly
administered. — evdvs sufficiently separates the adjectives
joined with vocttovs from ev Trpdaaovra^, which belongs
to olkovs. This is important, since ev irpdcraovra^ as an
additional epithet to dirovovs and diraOelq is out of place.
For rjhe of the MSS. in v. 855, see the note infra on
Eum. 414.
864 ova as S' elXe 7r6\ei,<z iropov ov Bia- arp.
/3a? " A\uo? TTora/jbov iror^
ovS* a(j> ear la<; avdei<s ktX.
871 at Kara yepaov e- dvr.
XnXa/jbevao irep dir^ epywv
TOV& ava/cros alov.
1 However far removed inland from his operations, heard
of (or obeyed) this king.' For aire\avvop,ai ' to be re-
moved or excluded from/ see Liddell and Scott's Lexicon.
926 irdvv yap, cfrev, a>?
fjbvpia? dvSpcov e^efyOivrac
1 How have the Ten Thousand wholly perished ! ' The
transition from narration to exclamation relieves the tau-
tology. The point of the clause is, not that 10,000 men
had perished, but that the corps oV blite — the brave reserve
corps (/ee&/a? dXicas of the following verse) — had been
wholly cut off. So remarkable a word as §vo~ti<$ of the
MSS., and that too in the Persae, could not have escaped
The Persians. 29
the lexicographers. Further, the senses assigned to it
seem to defeat the true intent of the poet.
949 yevedv yap dirrjvpa
'lavcov vav(f>pa/cTO<; "Ap?;? kt\.
973 loo loo jjlol, arp.
ra<$ ooyvyiov*;
<TTvyva<; /cariBovres 'Addvas
irdvre^ evl irtrvXcp
erj erj,
&>? dcnraipovcr eVl ykpcroo.
987 tvyyd fjbOL Brjr dvr.
dyaOoov irdpoov
v7ro/jLi/jLvr)(TfC€c<;, rdS aXaara
GTvyvd irpoKaKa Xeycov
/3oa /3oa
fiOL fjuekecov evSodev rjrop.
iirl %e/>o"<» ms tead of %epcr&>, as the locative dat. is not
used by Aesch. [Yet see above on Suppl. 85.] rXdfjLoves
is irreptitious.
1002 ^effaat yap roc irpoaupeTol (TTparov, <np.
fieftao-l to 1 voovv/jlol.
>\ » / >\ >/
17) CT), LOO too,
loo loo, haifiove?
WevT aekiTTov Kaicbv
8ia7rpe7rov o'iav SeBop teas drav.
1007 TreTrkrjyiieO? olai K IvavTiai rvyai kt\. dvr.
1020 rovK tSer* olaroheyfiova
The sense seems to be that the Persian army is no longer a
bow, but in its flight a mere receptacle of the enemies' darts.
30 Seven Against Thebes.
1066 HE. /36a vvv avrlBovird fioi.
XO. alencrbs 69 Bojjlovs Kiel,?.
HE. to) Hep&ls ala Svo-ftaTos.
A(J. (.77 *,?), n) t?).
1070 HE. Icb Brj kclt aarv
XO. icb SrjTa val'
HE. yoao-0' a/3po/3a,Tcu.
XO. to) Ilepo-l? aZa.
1075 HE. 17 Tpccr/caXfAOLS rj fiapiaiv oXofievoc
XO. Trifi-^rco roi ae BvcrOpooccriv 700^9.
Thus every line is responsive in sense and metre. 1072
and 1075-1076 are dochmiac, the other verses iambic.
SEVEN AGAINST THEBES.
Interpretation of vv. 10 ff. : Two classes only are here
addressed, viz. those below the age of military service and
those past it. (The rest are in the field). The first class
are few and of little military account ; the second are with
good rhetoric reminded that they still preserve much
vigor, in fact are mature in corporeal power. Commen-
tators have overlooked this fact — that the speech is here
rhetorical and artful. — In v. 13 I read copav eyovff
eicaarTOv.
54 fcal reovBe itIctti^ ovk okvg? 'XpovL^eraL.
Interpretation : i And the pledged faith of these (warriors)
is not made slow (delayed) by hesitancy.'
Seven Against Thebes. 31
83 aWa Siafnrepes irehov ottX&v ktvtto^
Dochm.
dial XPI/JL7TT6TCU, Trorarat, ftpe/iec Dochm.
hvcra^erov hiicav v8aro<z opoKrvirov.
Iamb.
a/jLaxerov is without authority. bpoKrvirov is ( sounding
in the mountain/ See schol. in Guelf. MS.
135 crv t,' "Apr)? 7rp6(j)pov , KdB/xov kir^vvfiov
Bi-dochm.
ttoXiv <j)v\a£ov
[Mr. Rogers makes no attempt at a strophic arrangement
of the passage.]
Conject. 143 : XiTalal <re 6€ok\vtol<; airvaovaai
TreXa^o/jueaOa. The fut. ptc. suits the passage and> with
long v, corresponds to /civvpovrat of the strophe.
146 (TTpCLTtp Bat(p (TTOVCOV CuXtIOS.
169 ttoXlv SopiTrovov fir) irpohodO*
€T€p6$><0Vov €? arparov .
The other compounds of BlSoofic, e. g. 7rapaBl8a)fii, are
followed by el$.
175 XvTrjptoi y a/jL(j)L^dvT6<i iroXuv,
fiekeade 0* lepwv Brjfiicov,
fieXofievol T dpij^are.
For the ye of Begriindung, see Kiihn. Gram., § 511, 7.
206 Ittttlko*; t dfiirveov 7ra<? 6 Xea)9 Bid
(TTOfjUa.
'TJIIVIBSITYS
32 Seven Against Thebes.
217 dX)C ovv deovs
T07TOU9 aXovo-rjs 7roXeo9 eKkeiireiv \0709.
Aeschylus shows a wide and large use of to7to9.
220 fJL7)K 67riB0L/JLL rdvB'
dcrrvBo pov fievav itoXlv kclX arpdrevfi
cLirTOfMevov irvpl Batcp.
ao-rvSo/jLovfievos ' furnished with a citadel/
224 ireiOap'xLa yap eart tt}? evirpa^ias
fATJTTJp' yVVai, TTj pTJCTOV , ft)^ fyd A.O7O9.
277 Orjaeiv rpoirala, 7roXe/uW B' iaOrj^ara
Xd(j)vpa Baxrecv BovpLTrXrjyff dyvols Bo/jlois.
286 \6yovs l/ciaOai koi <f>\ey€iv xpeiav virep.
Xpsiav v7rep ' needlessly/ XP 6 ^ viro yields no sense.
288 yeiroves Be KapBiav
fiepifivcu ^Q)7rvpov<rr Tap/3o9
TOV dfl^)iT6CXV XeoOV BpaKOVTL' TG>9 Ti9 T6KVG)V
virepBeBoLKvV e%tSz;<z9 Bvaevvdropa?
irdvTpo$o<$ ireXeids.
As ordinarily read, v. 290 is grammatically unintelligible.
Nor can dragons (which were large serpents) cradle them-
selves, two or three at a time, in the nest with young
doves. [Among eight various emendations the above is
marked by Mr. Eogers l Final.' One other is subjoined
of apparently earlier date :
yeirove<; Be icapBiav
fiept/jLvat, ^wirvpovcri' Tap/3a>
tov djjL(f)CTetxV Xecov. Bpd/covra too 9 T£9 re/cvcov
virepBeBoucev Xe^atW BvaevvijTecpa /ctX.]
Seven Against Thebes. 33
312 ft) ttoXiovx 01 *
Oeoi, rolat fiev efco
irvpycov dvBpoXereipav
KOLTCLV, pi^OlfkOV CLTCLV,
ifjuftaXovTes
fcolrr) i the sleep of death/
333 kXclvtov $ avBpl rpoirov 7' wfioBpoirayv
voixifioav irpoirdpoiQev Bca/jLetycu
8a)/jLa,T(DV arvyepav 6S6v. ^
345 /cop/copvyal S' avcaraa-c' ttoti tttoXiv 8'
Dochm. <TTp.
opKava TrvpywTLs,
7rpo? avBpbs S' avr)p Sopl /cXiverai. Dochm.
357 TravTohcnros Se Kapiros ^a/AdSi? ireaoov dvr.
dXyvvec KvpcravTas (vel Kvpaavra)
TTlKpOV K O/Jbfjba TO)V V ft) fACLT 7T oX (OV .
[No explanation is given].
352 gv/J,/3dXX€l (j)6pO)V <j)€pOVTC,
real /cevbs icevbv /caXei,
gvvvofjLOV deXcov e^eiv
ovBe jxelov ovK laov XeXo/nfjuevov
tlv* etc ro)vS' elfcdaai Xoyos irapa.
i But that no one is desirous of a less or equal share is
plain from what is said/
364 rXaad tis evvav al^fidXcorov
dvSpbs evTW)(ovvTOS ktX.
374 airovhr) Be koX tovtov tcarapTL&i iroBa.
442 6vwrb<; cbv eh ovpavbv
e/JLiras yey cove Zvvl Kvpbaivovr eirt).
3
34 Seven Against Thebes.
Conject. 472: irkpnronx! av tjBtj nvd ye, o~vv ti>XV
& ere. At any rate, if the common reading be retained,
it should be ti>xV Be too (demonstr.), not Be rco.
473 kcl\ Brj 7r€7r€/jL7TTai KOfjorov ov x,epolv eyoav
509 dvrjp yap e%#/)09 dvBpl tS ^varrjaerai
520- crcorrjp yevoLT 6 Zet>9 iir do-iriBos rvyav.
Not ' Zeus/ but ' the Zeus ' upon his shield.
560 efo) davova' rj tg3 <j>epovri fie/jL^erai
562 OeSiV de\6vT(ov vvv aXrjOevaaL/ub eyco.
Conject. : OeSiv 6e\6vrcov 8' ovv kt\.
576 Kal rov arov clv6l<; irpoaixokwv dBeXfyhv o8'
i^VTTTid^CDV ovo/jlcl TLoXvvel/covs ftiq
St? T ev reXevrfj rovvofju evBarovfievos
/caker
i And advancing toward thy brother he, forcibly laying
the name of Polynices on its back (like an animal to be
slaughtered) and dividing it in two parts, calls out, etc. — '
Conject. : e^opdud^cov ' shouting forth/ the scribe thinking
of opdtos and v7ttlo<; as correlated and writing one for the
other. [With 6'8' in v. 576 (axv/^ a Xo<j>6k\€iov) one may
recall Hermann's emendation of Eum. 137 t<£S\]
599 ev ttclvtI irpdyei 8* eaO' ofiikias fca/cf}<;
kclkiov ovBev Kapiros ov KOfjuaTeos'
"Att}? apovpav Odvaros eKKapirl^eTai.
' In all matters there is nothing which bears fruit (literally,
of which the fruit is to be reaped) worse than association
with the bad. The field of At6 Death reaps utterly.'
[Last v. anticipated by Lowinski.]
Seven Against Thebes. 35
627 ft>9 ttoXls eurvxv
SopiTTOVa KCLK € KT p 6 7T OV <T a yCl? 7T/90?
fartpoXov?.
evTvxfi is to be construed with the ptc. Their Xitcll were,
not that the city might be prosperous in general, but that
it might succeed in repelling the threatened evils. The
reading of the strophic line to 628, viz. 565, should be
fieydXa /xeyaXrjyopcov tcXvovaav.
637 rj £&W arcfiov apTLco? dvSprjXdrnv
' Or living dishonored who was lately an ostraciser.'
[apricot; "first in Soph." Liddell and Scott.]
695 <t>(Xov yap e^Bpd jjlol Trarpos reXovcr* dpa
reXelv intrans. and referring to reXelv in v. 693.
697 Xeyovaa /cepBos irporepov varepov fiopov,
Interpretation of vv. 698-9. The meaning plainly
seems to be : ' But you will not incur the imputation of
cowardice by preserving life/
699 fieXavcuyls S' ov/c
elcri Bofiov aov ^pivvv^, evr' av X 6 P°^ V
6eol Ovaiav Be^wvrai.
[For the form of the first dochmiac in v. 700 (if it be a
dochmiac), cf. Suppl. 349.]
705 vvv o8e vol irapeo-raKev
o8e Sc. fiopos, already personified in preceding verse.
732 oiroaav Kaipos <f>6t,/jL€Vois /care^eiv
icaipos in its primitive sense. The corresponding verse in
the strophe is Kardpa? fiXayfricfrpovos OlSiTroSa.
36 Seven Against Thebes.
736 /cal yOovos, lr), kovis irirj
The interjection here is perfectly natural.
106 oo-re, fir) 777209 ayvav
o-ireipa^ "Apovpav, avarpefyeiv
pi^av alfjLdToeo-crav
erXa.
766 reXe'iais yap iraXaityarois apais
ftapelat /caraXXayar
i Difficult is the conciliation (removal) of ancient avenging
prayers/
774 7T0Xe09 7TOXv/3 LOTOS T dlobV ftpOTWV
783 7rarpo<l>6v(p X e P L T °v
Kparo? eKvrja-aT^ ofipuar^' w? 6° eirXdyyOr)
rkicvoicriv apaias
i<j)r}/C€V ilTLKOTOVS o-TpO(f>ds
[No commentary is given.]
825 irorepov yatpco, KairoXoXv^co
iroXecos ao-ivov<$
r) tovs ktX.
o-corrjpi, is irreptitious, explanatory of dcnvr)^. \acrivov<$
anticipated by Heimsoeth.]
839 r) Svaopvis a8e %vvavXia Bopbs
i^eirpa^ev, ovS* direlire,
irarpoOev evKraiav fyariv
( This duel of spears has fulfilled, not refused, etc. ? With
a full stop after hopos the text announces mere truism.
Who could doubt that a duel which destroyed two brothers
— kings — was ill-omened ?
Seven Against Thebes. 37
854 ttltvXov, 09 alev Bt 'A%epoi>T afjueL^erai
rav aeiGTOVOV /xeXdyfcpoKOV
vavaroXwv dewpiBa,
vavv ao-riftr} ' XttoXXcovl, vavv dvdXuov
' That conductive Beat (timed movement) which ever
crosses Acheron directing — .' [In Wellaur's text vv.
846-860 constitute an epode. vavaroXwv anticipated by
Schwenk.]
889 T€TVfL/JL6VOL Bf)d* OflO-
(nrXd^yy^v re TrXevpco/jbdrcov
ovB' er iirl fyiXlq. Dochm.
V. 891 is found in the MSS. after 883 by misplacement.
908 BiaXXa/crrjp 6'S' ovv
fi o /jl <f> rj 9 drep <f)i\oi<;
ovS* eiri'xapis, "A/3779.
'Therefore the arbiter here, Ares (seen in the wounds),
has no blame from friends, nor thanks.'
915 fidX' a^GD Bo/jloov avrovs TrpoTrifiTrec <rrp.
927 BvaBaificov a<$>\v d reicovcra irao-wv dvr.
Based on readings of Bothe and others.
968 la> irdXiv, Ba/epvre <tv <rrp.
980 ovB* i/c€0 y &>9 fcareKTavev. dvr.
973 iftdpcov Toitdv rdS iyyvOev. arp.
ireXas dBeXfyolv dBeXtyed.
984 BvaTova KrjBe ofioovv/jia. dvr.
Blvypd re TpLirXci Trap alfidrayv.
Str. : * Of such enemies these (bodies) here lie near (each
other). Close to the brothers, the sisters.' Ant. : ' Sor-
rowful obsequies of common title ! Bathed thrice with
bloodshed (not tears).'
38 Prometheus.
995 lay l(b irovos.
Vfjulv ii;7]fjLfievo$.
BcofiacrL /cal %6ovi,
irpb nravTtov 8* ifioi.
/ecu irpoarco y ifjioi.
hvairovcov /catccov.
i/ioi in 998-9 shows that r/filv of the MSS. in 996 is in-
consistent with the sequence of thought.
1004 lay it a the irarpl rrapevva).
1028 iyco <r$e 0dyjrco /cav glklvSvvov /3d\co
6d^ra<j a&ekfybv rbv ijiov, ov8* aia^vvofiai
1 1 will bury him and if I cast him out of danger (of the
destination decreed for his body by the state) by so bury-
ing him, I shall not be ashamed — /
PROMETHEUS
V. 6 I reject as plainly spurious, because absurd in it-
self and contrary to the poet's idea. Chains would allow
the prisoner motion, whereas Prom, was to be irremovably
fixed.
49 diravr i7rrj%0r) irXrjv Oeolcrc Koipavelv.
Sense : ' All things are fated — made firm (irrjyvvfjLc) except
the sovereignty of the gods.' His province a god chooses
not but receives from Jove's determination. Thus Kratos'
reply is in effect : Such duty as falls to you to-day is not
matter of Xa^etz/, as you seem to think. It is just because
Zeus willed it.
Prometheus. 39
' 51 eyvco/ca' rocaSe o-' ovSev avrenrelv ^(o.
264 vov0€T€lv re tol>9 #a/ew9
Trpdaaovra^' eXOe rav6* clttclvt rjTrHTTdfjLijv.
That he did not foreknow all things is evident from v. 268.
354 Tvcf>cova Oovpov, irdpo<s 09 dvrea-TTj Oeol?
/cal vvv in v. 363 will thus introduce the present contrast.
427 "ArXavO^ 09 alev vireipoyj^v j(6ovo$
Kparaiav ovpdviov re ttoXov
VCOTOCS V7T0<TT€Va%6L.
[There is no mention of Hermann's antistrophic treatment
of vv. 425-435.]
543 pa$[a yvco/uua aeftei, Ovarovs ktX.
pahio? in the sense ' hasty, rash, inconsiderate/
Conject. 567 : etBoyXov "Apyov yrjyevovs aaXevco \
tov fivpccoirbv elo-opwaa ftovrav. For metre cf. preced-
ing verse.
600 (T/CLpTTJ/JLaTCOV T* 6yV(D<$ TldLV OlKiai^
Xaftpoacrvros irpoarjXdov
re corresponds to the re of v. 596 Oeoo-trvrov re. The
two clauses are epexegetic of the preceding question 7-19
cov /jl€ . . . &>£>' ervfjua irpocrOpoeZs ; V. 601 is antistrophic
to 581 irapaKoirov &)8e reipeLs.
791 7T/909 dvroXds <f>Xoyo}ira<$ rjXiov crrpofiei
ttovtov ireXo)(ra (j)Xoc<r/3ov
For a defence of the verb TreXdco, see Ellendt-Genthe's
Lex. Soph.
860 TleXacryla Se Sigerac dnXv/crovov?
V€KpOV<i Bafl€VT(OV
40 Agamemnon.
898 TpLfico yap aarepydvopa irapOevlav
etcTopcja *Icb /xeya hairrofjuevav
$va7r\dvois "Upas dXaTeLais irdXat.
1001 o^XeX? jidr7]v fie /cv/JLar* <b<; irapnyopwv.
07tg)? is never used by Aeschylus in simple comparison.
1056 tl yap eXXe'nreL firj irapairaieiv,
el rola tv%(0v tl %aXa p,aviai<$ ;
'For is he not mad, if meeting such punishment he
gives the rein to ravings?'
AGAMEMNON.
Construe vv. 1—2 : irovwv cfrpovpas eTeias fif)fco<z i of
a watch year-long in length/
V. 7 is genuine. The Phylax refers in vv. 5-6 to the
rise and fall of constellations annual, in 7 to the rise and
set of stars diurnal, thus emphasizing the fact that his
watch was from sunset to sunrise for an entire year.
12 evT av he WKTiirXayKTov evhpoaov r e^eo
evvrjv bvelpois ovk eirLaKOirovfjuev^v
fjbvco' <f)6/3o<; yap ktX.
1 1 purse up my eyes ; for fear prevents my firmly closing
them in sleep.' fivco is the effect of heavy sleepiness, but
without sleep. In addition to the apposite parallels cited
in the dictionaries s. v. fivco, see also especially Ar. Vesp.
91-92 :
Agamemnon. 41
virvov & opa rfjs vvktos ovSe iraairaXriv.
r)v S' ovv KCLTafJuvo-r) kclv ayynv, OfMO? eicel ktX.
Cf. also Batrachom. 190-192 virvov Sevofiivnv ovk elaa-av
Oopvfiovvres \ ov& oXiyov tcara/ivo-ai.
49 Tpoirov alyvTTiwv,
otr eKirarioL Xaeai iraihwv
viraroi Xeykwv o~Tpo<f)o$LvovvTcu
1 Which out of the reach of boys' missiles, high over the
nests — .' The poet's picture is that of birds flying round
their nest, from which boys have just driven them and
stolen their young. The scribe mistook a for 7 in Xaeai,
then prefixed a to make a word, which in turn led him to
add 9 to etcTTarioL.
69 reXeirat 8r) rb ireirpoyfievov.
ovd^ vTroKcdcov ovd' viroXeiftasv
ovre Ba/cpvcov iripcov lepwv
opyas ar€vr)<$ irapaOeX^et.
For hrj with reXelrai, cf. Prom. 57 Trepaiverai Brj, 13
reXo? 8rj, Pers. 228 i/cTeXolro hrj. arevrj? ' however per-
severing, insistent.'
76 ore yap veapb? fiveXo<; o-ripvcov
ivTOS avacro~wv
IcroTrpeafiv*;, "Apr}'; t' ovk evi X^P a >
r60 y vTrepyrjpoos (f>vXXd8os rjBn ktX.
ore — toO* with the old vulgate. 'For when fresh marrow
(like a plant's sap) springing up in a man's breast has
grown old like himself, and there is no fight in him, then
truly aged, in the sear and yellow leaf, he wanders — .'
rt? or av0p(O7ro<; is implied in arepvwv. fjuveXbs l&oTrpe-
o~/3v<; — the marrow has aged with the man.
42 Agamemnon.
94 (f>ap/j,a<j<rofiivr} ^pi/jutTO? dyvov
fid\* ifcas hn\ovaa Traprjyopia^
ireXdvov p,v)(pdev ftao-iXeicov.
From v. 92 : ' One and another lamp throughout the town
flames up to heaven fed with pure oil, widely displaying
the persuasions of (i. e. being incited by) the incense from
the palace.' — The mixed oil and spices (7re\avo<;) poured
on the pine billets of the altars begot a light and perfume,
which diffusing itself through the city incited the people
to a general illumination. In their lamps was burnt pure
thin oil (xpifia dyvov).
99 iralayv re yevov rrjcrBe fxepifjivn^'
d>9 e<rff ore fiev icatcotypcov reXeOto,
Tore 8' etc Ovgumv dyavd (f)a[vov<r
iXTrls dpLvvei (frpovrlb" difknarov
T7]V OvfJLOISopOV <j)p€vl \V7TVV.
a>9 is quoniam, quandoquidem, especially common after
imperative, hortatory subjunctive, and optative.
105 ere yap Oeodev KaraTrvelec
ireiQai fio\7rai<;
d\tcdv (Tv/jL(f)VTOv alvelv
The scholiast's ireiOec pe pbeKiretv shows that he read
alvelv. [Anticipated by Jacobs.]
119 ftoo-fcofjuevoc Xayivav ept/evfjuova <f>epjj,aTt,, yvla
f3\a/3evra \oi<t9l(ov Spo/iav.
124 iBdrj XayoBalra?
7rojjL7rov<; opveL?'
Conject. 132 : o-to/jllov fjuerd Tpoiav a-rparevOev. The
a-TOfjLtov is on its way to Troy.
Agamemnon. 43
135 el 7rft>9
yap eTri<f>6ovo<; "ApT€/M<; ktX.
a-rvyel Be Belirvov aler&v,
aiXivov atXivov elire, to 8* ev vi/carco.
i For if Artemis dislikes her father's winged dogs and hates
their banquet, sing woe — '. Put comma after alercov.
140 Tocrov irep evcfrpcov a koXcu
8p6o~oi<? aeirrois fjuaXafcojv veoo~a<ov
irdvT(ov T aypovo/jLcov <j)o\o/j,do~TOi,<;
Orjpcov oflpiKakocs, drepirr)
ravr' alerov ^vfiftoXa tcpLVco
Begta fjuev, Kard/jbo^a 8e (fido-fiara.
The common reading in v. 141 is fiaXepwv Xeovrcov. But
nothing is known connecting lions with Artemis, [drepirri
anticipated by Karsten. Mr. Rogers does not translate
the passage. His sense may be either : ' However kindly
disposed Artemis be to young things, I yet judge this joy-
less eagle-omen favorable, though not without reproach/
or : ' So mindful is Artemis of young things, I judge this
eagle-omen (though fair) to be not wholly fair/ For irep
in the sense of quoniam see Ebeling's Homeric Lexicon I
A, d, a).]
149 fir) Tivas dvTnrvbovs Aavaols yjpovias e^evyha^
"A/3T€//,fc? dirko'las rev^rj,
o-TrevSo/jbiva Ovaiav erepav, dvopuov tlv
dSdLTCOV
veiicecov re/crop do~v /jlc^vtov ov8* evrjvopa.
/JLL/JLVeC kt\.
dBaiTcov l unfeastlike/ do-vfufrvrov ' unnatural ' ov8* evrj-
vopa i unmanly.' ov8e often follows an adjective com-
pounded with a privitive.
44 Agamemnon.
165 7t\t)v Ato?, els Tiva tovt airb fypovTihos d^dos
XPV ftaXelv irrjTv /juw
ov& ogtls wdpoidev rjv /jbiyas,
Tra/jLfid'XG) 6pdaec /3pva>v,
T(ov8 y aXvgiv av iropoi.
For the indirect question els rlva xprj, cf. e. g. Prom. 659.
Instead of irbpoi perhaps 7ropdov with ein understood, for
which see Kuhn. Gram. § 354 Anm. 2.
In v. 177 tg3 irdOet pbdOos devra Kvpicos eyeiv of the
MSS. is to be defended. tg3 ird6et = toIs iradovai, da-
tivus personalis. — In v. 181 put colon for the usual period
after rfkOe aaxfipovelv.
214 iravaavefjuov yap Ova Las
irapOeviov #' aXp^aros 6p-
ya irep dp coy as eiriQv-
fjuelv de/juis.
' For it is right (for me and others) to long for the help
(aid) of the sacrifice even with passion/ not ' to long for
the sacrifice itself 9 as the common text has it. Cf. v. 226.
218 eVet S' dvdyicas eBv XeiraBvov
<f>pevbs TTvecov Svcro-eftrj Tpoiraiav
avayvov, dviepov, tot* ov
to iravTOToX^ov (frpoveiv /jueTeyvco.
ftpOTOvs Opaavveu yap ala^po jJLrjTeis
TcCkaiva irapaKoird 7rpa)T07rr)/j,a)v.
( After he took upon himself the yoke . . ., then he changed
not his daring resolve. For a wretched madness — the first
penalty — emboldens mortals engaging in wicked plans.' —
There is no early authority for the sense given by the
ordinary interpretation to ToOev of the common text in v.
Agamemnon. 45
220. With to <f)povelv cf. 927 to /jltj /ca/cw? (ftpoveiv, 1425
to o-G)<f)pov€2v, Suppl. 1013 to o~cocf)pov€lv. If one hesitates
to read the plural form alo"Xpofi'qT€i<; (in which lies the
point of the parenthesis ftpoTovs irpcaToirrjfKDv),
ftpoTov may be read, the singular being used by Aesch.
and Soph, five times each, as a mere substitute for dvrjp,
avdpGJTTOS, Tt9.
242 eVel TroWaicis
TraTpos kclt avBpwvas €VTpa7T€^0V(;
e/jueXifrav . dyva S' afiavpcoTO? avBdv
TraTpbs
<f)lX0V TpCTOO-TTOvSoV 6V7TOT/JLOV
alwva <f)i\(0<$ 6TL/j,a.
It is impossible that Aesch. represented Agamemnon as
bringing in his unmarried virgin daughter to sing at a
banquet, or imagined that Agamemnon entertained as
guests men of the class of the ao^oi, popae. As sacrifices
were accompanied often with song and dance, it is natural
that the ao£ot were the singers at the royal feasts, but
certainly never guests. (From the emendation afiavpooTo?,
referring probably to vv. 235-237, Mr. Rogers would
seem to have assumed that the parenthesis closed with
€fjb€\\jrav, the following taking up again the story of the
sacrifice at Aulis.]
286 V7T€pT€\j]<; T€ TTOVTOV >Z VCOTLaat
lo"%v<; iropevTOv Xafiirdho^ 77-po? r)8ovrjv
o-7T€v$ei, to 'xpyo-ocfreyyes &>? Ti? rjXios,
creXa? TrapayyeiXaaa kt\.
' More than sufficing to cross the sea, the power of the
torch hastens on for joy (in lustre like a sun), having
announced its gleam — .' — The scribe, seeing irevKrj in the
46 Agamemnon.
margin (as an explanation of tV^u? iropevrov \a/n7rdBo<;)
and a faint word like it in the beginning of the next line,
imported it into the text.
304 corpvve Qecryj'iov yapl^eaQai irvpos.
Trvp6<i is a partitive genitive.
307 irpSiv vTrepfidXXeiv 7rpo? ov
cfrXeyova eireuT ecr Krityev ', elr dcf>LK€TO ktX.
Aesch. uses elr a but once elsewhere (Prom. 777), eireura
frequently and as here next after participles. Cf. Eum.
29, 438, 654, Sept. 267.
345 Oeols 8' avafjL7r\dK7]T0<? el /jloXol o-rparo^y
eyprjyopb? rod' alfia tojv oXcoXotcov
yevoir civ, el irpbdiraia fir) tv^oi tca/cd.
' The blood of the dead would then awake, even if the
army should escape accidental evils/ — irrjfia. which is
simply i loss, hurt, suffering/ will not yield the sense im-
posed by commentators. Even irrcofxa would be better
than Trrjfjua. For rore in apodosis after el with the
optative, cf. Soph. Elect. 413 et poi Xeyois rr)v oyfnv,
etiroLfjb av rore.
360 fieya BovXecov
ydyya/jbov ciTrjs TravaXcorov.
This, to ease the construction. Cf. too the frequent
hovXiov ^vyov,
374 7re(f>avraL 8' r) yovr)
aToXfios t&v "Apr)
7rveovTcov ktX.
I. e. r) yovr) ova a citoX/jlos irefyavTai.
Agamemnon. 47
378 €<tt(0 & airrj-
fiavrov, ware Kairapicel
ev TrpaTTiScov Xa'xpvn.
' But (instead of wealth) let there be such freedom from
ill as contents a wise man.' teal before dirapKel would
lead us to expect here a verb finite.
385 ftiarcu S' a raXaiva, irevOel
a irpovftaXk! 6 Trals dfapros v At«9.
392 fxeO* dp7rayrj<; ir\eei
Si/caicodeis ktX.
Sense : i The wretched woman is overpersuaded, the child
of At6 repents his plans. But cure is vain. The evil
comes to light. Like common brass (distinguished from
noble bronze) by rubs and strokes, so he sails with his
prey adjudged — J [These direct references to Paris cer-
tainly anticipate the 0I09 ical Udpcs of v. 399 — the par-
ticular example of the previous generalizing.]
396 Xltclv $ dKovec fiev ovrts Oe&v,
<j)(OT aSifcov KaOaipet.
412 wdpeari a-iy dr^ aTtp,os d\o[Bopo<;
aSu<? T* e? i<f)€fjLevov<z IBeiv.
1 He may be seen (instead of shutting himself up), but is
silent in his dishonor, railing at none and courteous to
those allowed entree.' Aeschylus here exhibits his ideal
of dignified conduct.
Note on 469-70 : fidWercu yap 6<tgois Aiodev icepav-
01/9. This is a physical truth. See Lieut. Col. Dodge's
" Black Hills," p. 60, who says in substance : Three
& 0? THB ^P
48 Agamemnon.
soldiers and their horses were struck by the same flash,
one soldier and the three horses killed. The men were
struck on the cheek-bone just under the eye, the horses on
the brow just above. Also W. de Fonvielle's " Thunder
and Lightning," translation of J. L. Phipson, p. 140, in
substance : On the 1 1th of May, 1865, on the summit of
the mountain called the Gay-Vieux-Sarts, a shepherd and
flock of 126 sheep were killed by lightning. Some of the
sheep had their heads pierced from side to side.
494 fjuaprvpel S' ejioiy ao~is
TrrjXov %vvovpo<; 8tty[a kov i rohe
gvvovpos is thus brought back to its literal and only sense.
kovis is not here ' flying dust/ but ' soil/ for which mean-
ing see Soph. O. C. 406, Elect. 435, Ant. 247. £w
TrrjXov is the marshy ground at the head of a bay where
some stream flows into it, furnishing a landing. The
herald comes by water.
547 7r66ev to Svacfrpov tovt iirrjv areyeis arparw ;
i You conceal whence — ? '
Interpretation 562 : riOevres evOrjpov rpixa, ' laying
flat the hairs of the sheepskins and other furs.' TudevTes
= Karari6evT€<;.
695 kclt Xyyos irXarav afyavTOv arp.
KeXaavTcov ^Lfioevros clk-
t«9 €7r' avtjccjyvXXovs
Si' epiv alfiaroecraav.
/ci/c\r)o~KOV- avr.
o~a Udpiv rbv alvoXe/crpov,
irplv TrpoaQfi iroXvQpnvov al -
vov <f)l\(0v ttoXltcov
fieXeov al/x avarXaaa.
Agamemnon. 49
During the siege Troy might call Paris alvoXeKTpos, but
now how much worse the ahos, ' she having suffered
sad carnage.' \alvov anticipated in Sehoemann's (very
different) emendation.]
705 7rpacr(rofjLeva, to vviL$QTip,ov
fieXos e/c<£az/<y? Ttova a>?
vfjievcuov, 0? tot eireppeTrev
<ya/jL/3poio-iv aelSecv.
/jLrjvis (in v. 701) honors (riova) the song in honor of the
young wife (sung at Troy on Helen's arrival) as a true
Hymenaeal which — .' [riova C. G. Haupt.]
756 fiXao-rdveiv fia/capicrTbv o^ov.
Sense from v. 750 : 'The old saying was : The climax of
blessing to the rich man is a son and heir, fortunate the
family for which the happy scion springs. But I say
otherwise. For — J — Conject. v. 758 : to 8vo-o~e/3e<; yap
epvos, for explanation of which see the next emendation.
764 <j)L\€L Be TLKT6LV vftpL?
fiev iraXaid ved-
^ovaav ev /catcols ftpoTcov vffpiv
.7] 6 TO U, OTCLV TO KVpLOV fJLOXr], V60,
cf>epei <f>dov$ koto)
Balfiova TpiTOv dp^ayov, diroXefiov
dviepov Opdaos fxekai-
vas fjueXdOpoLcnv "At<z5
elBo fievov Toicevariv.
ToicevGLv is both parent and grandparent. For we have
here three generations : vftpis, via vfipis, and Opdaos.
The climax of vices is not usually exhibited by the son
of the man who has acquired wealth (having shared his
4
50 Agamemnon,
humble earlier life), but by the grandson. — cfrdovs koto?
'from hatred of the light/ The tyrant of the Greeks
always sought safety in seclusion. [After various emen-
dations and rejections Mr. Rogers' reading of the anti-
strophe seems to have remained as it stands in Wellauer's
text:
774 Sifca Be \dpsrrei fiev iv
hvaicairvoL*; Sdofiacriv,
tov S' ivaio-Lfjbov riei ftiov.
ra yjpvcroTracTTa S' ecr&\a o~vv invat ^epojv
iraXivrpoirotatv 6[jb-
/juaat \lttovct oaia Trpoaefia
Bvva/JLLV ov aeftovo-a ifKov-
780 tov Trapdo-Tjfjiov alvw'
ttclv 8' iirl Tep/jua vayfjua.
On e$eO\a, Auratus' emendation on icrOXd v. 777, Mr.
Rogers remarks : " denotes the very bottom-foundation,
never plated with gold, which was reserved for ceilings/']
942 Ar. rj koX crv vlktjv Trjvhe Scopeav tUis ;
KA. ttlOov' KpaTO? fievTOL Trapes y e/ccov ifiol.
1 Do you too honor (estimate, regard) this victory as a
free gift on my part? — Believe me, I do. But do you
yield it me ungrudgingly.'
948 ttoWt) yap alSax; o-TpcofiaTa fydeipeiv iroaiv
<f)0elp wo-T€ ttKovtov dpyvpovrjTOVs & V(f)d<i,
Ellipse of (frOeCpec with <$>6eip. 'As the creeping insect
destroys wealth and silver-bought garments.'
975 TiiTTe fioc t6& ifjbire8co<;
Selyfjua Trpoo-TaTrjpcov ;
k a phi a Tepacr kottos iroTaTai
Agamemnon, 5 1
fiavTi7ro\ei r cuceXevaro? dfitaOo^ douhdv
ovK airoiTTvcrai, Sl/cav kt\.
i Why this phantom ever before me ? My prophetic heart
flutters and, unbidden, unhired, utters its mantic strain.
Nor does confidence sit in my bosom to reject it as an
obscure dream.' — Conject. : ifiiroBcov, ' Why this phantom
standing in my way?' At any rate ifjL7riBco<; irordraL
1 firmly flies ' as it is usually punctuated is absurd.
1001 fjidXa yap ian ra$ orrp.
7roXXa? vy(,ela<;
aopiaTov repfia' vocros yap tls a>9
yeLTcov ofjLoroi'Xps ipeihei,
1005 /cal TTOTfjuov evdvTropova
avopo? eirai(T€v 000?
a>5 a(f>avrov epfjua.
Kai ta? av irpo xpn/jLaTcov
ktwcticov okv(o /3a\<bv kt\.
Sense from v. 1005 : 'And the straight (prosperous) course
of a man strikes fatality as an invisible rock. And to
save his wealth throwing overboard reluctantly the just
quantity, the house has not gone down — ? \abpio~Tov ant.
by Karsten, o/cvay by A. Ludwig.]
1015 TroWd rot 8oo~i<; €K Ato? d/jb<f)iXa-
<f>7]<? re Kal ef oXokcov eirereios
vrjcTTtv wXeaev voaov.
1019 to S' iirl yav irGGov dvr.
ire pel; Savda-ifiov ktK.
1022 ovBe rhv opOoSarj
twv <j)6ifjL€V(ov dvdyeiv
Zet>9 eiravcr avarov.
52 Agamemnon.
V. 1024 corresponds to 1007 of the strophe. 'Nor did
Zeus without hurt restrain him who knew how to restore
the dead/ eV d&Xafieiq of the cod. Fames, is an inter-
pretation which has crept into the text.
Interpretation of vv. 1025-29 : Did not Fate forbid
me to report (as a messenger, <f>epeiv) further the fatal
action (to be done) by the gods, my prophetic heart would
pour these things upon my tongue (av raft efe%et).
1090 iiMibQeov fiev ovvy TroXXa crvvicTTOpa crrp.
avTO(f)6va kclkcl' fcdpra vvv Dochm. and Iamb.
avhph? afyayelov koX iroBolv pavTf)piov.
crfyayelov l slaughter-house/ pavrijpcov ' place of foot-
washing' (with blood).
1095 fiaprvpiOHTi yap Tolab* eTnireiOofiai avr.
fcXaiofjueva ftpe^wv (T(j)aya$ ktX.
1093 eoiteev evpis r) gevrj /cvvb<; Bi/crjv
elvai, fiarevei S' ovv ov €vpr)<reL cfrovov.
1115 rj h'ucTVOV tl y r 'Ai&ov
elX* apKvv r) ^vvevvos, r) ^vvairla
<j)6vov. arrdcn<; 8* a/copero? yoov
KaroXoXv^drco dv/jLaro? Xevalfiov.
Sense : ' (What do I see ?) Surely some net of Hades.
His spouse has seized it. Let the insatiate band of
Furies now howl the lament of sacrificial stoning (i. e.
for woman stoned for murder of her husband)/
1121 eVl Be /capSlav eSpa/ie icpofcof3a(f>r}<;
arayoov, are icaipiq irrcaaifiOL^
%r)v dvvrei, j3iov Bvvtos e? yav.
Agamemnon. 5 3
* Which for men falling with a deadly wound end their
existence, the life-blood sinking into the ground.' For
avvrco with infin. cf. Pers. 721. ^vvavvreu of the MSS.
not elsewhere found.
1133 kclkGsv yap 80X01
7r6\v€7r€L<; rexvav 0ea7ri(p8bv
<$>6ftov (f>epovo~iv fiadelv.
i The wordy deceits of the wicked catise us to shun know-
ledge of the thespiodic art.'
1137 to yap ijjbov aOpoov ttcl6o<$ eirey^eco.
1 For my collective griefs I pour out one upon another/
Conject. 1164 : ireTrX^yfiat 6° viral BrjyfjLarL <f)oi,VLq>.
hvaaXyrj Teu^et? fiivvpa Opeofjuiva
Opavfjuar i/iol kXveiv.
' Wretched are the snatches — broken fragments of song —
that thou makest for me to hear.' Cf. Th. 835 erevga
TvnJSu* /teXo?, Ag. 751 X070? rervKTai.
1172 iyco 8* eOeipav a>9 rctrf iv irehut /3a\co.
1 But I, how soon shall I cast my hair upon the ground
(how soon shall my head be brought low) ! '
1180 XafAirpov 6° eoacev rjXiov 7rpo? avroXa?
it voir] Tt? tfgeiv were /cvfiaros Blktjv
kX\)^6LV 7T/90? «7«9 TOV$€ 7Tr)/JLaT0S 7T0Xv
fjuel^ov
'At sunrise, it seems, a swift rush of events will come — .'
The sunrise though past is only just past. [ayas H. L.
Ahrens, rj^eiv Theodore Heyse.]
1215 vir av fie Setvbs opOofiavreias ttovo<;
(TTpofteZ, rapacrawv <f>potfi[ocs a<f>poi/iLOi,<;.
54 Agamemnon,
1252 rj K&pT aicpov irapeGKOTreis ^pvafioov ificov.
1254 ical yJr\v dirayyeKKeiv iwUrrafiai (pdrcv.
' Yet surely I know how to deliver the prophetic word/
1267 IV e? <f)66pov irea-ovra 7/ £'#09 afiei^oixaL.
1316 ovroi 8v(toi£(0, Odjjivov &>? opvi? <t>o/3<bv
aX,\ceJ9*
1 Scaring you, as a bird the whole brake, vainly.'
1322 aired* er eliretv dpaeva 6pr\vov OeXco
ifiov rbv avTfjs'
The swan's song.
1340 7roivci<; Oavdrcov ykvva nrtKpavel,
T4? av ovk ev^airo kt\.
Interpretation vv. 1358-59 :
ovk ol8a f3ov\7)s rjartvo^ tv^odv \eyco>
TOV SpWVTO? eCTTL KCU TO /3ov\evO~CU 7T6pt.
1) ' I cannot advise. It is matter for action, and consul-
tation may lie over (Trepi€o-Ti)J or ' is superfluous.' Or
2) ' It is time to consult concerning the doer of the deed,
i. e. his apprehension.' This opinion is shared in by the
next speaker since certainly * they cannot with their words
bring to life again the dead man.' [1) anticipated (?) by
Birklein, Entwickelungsgeschichte des Substantlvierten In-
finitivs,^. 16, 1888.]
1374 7TW9 yap ti? i%0pt>k £X@P a iropavvctiv <£t\ot9
BoKovatv ovk av ttv/jlovtjv dpKvo-rarov
<$pa%€i£v in/ro9 Kpelcraov eK7r7i&rjfJLa,TO<; ;
1428 \Liro$ iir 6/jLfjudr(ov ai/iaTo? ifjurpeire^'
drierov ae %pr) arepo/juivav <f>£ka>v
TV/JLfia TVjJLfjLaTL rlcrac.
Agamemnon. 5 5
ere of the common reading would suggest the distant
future. But the chorus threatens prompt disgrace and
exile. [Wellauer's strophic verse corresponding to 1429
is : aireSc/ce^, air erases' airoTrokus S' eo-77.]
1448 <j>ev, ti<? clv iv Ta^ei, fjurj TrepccoSwo?,
fiijSe Se/jLVLOTrjpTjs,
fiopo? tov "AtSov <j)epotr- avvevvov
p, oi fy' areXevrov vttvov, ktX. ;
( quickly may some fate painless, not lingering, bring
that sleep of Hades (to be) endless companion of my
couch — .' The common text puoXou tov del cj>epova iv
rjfuv fjuolp' is plainly corrupt. Witness del and ariXevrov,
(j)epov(T iv rjfilv, and confused inversion not to be paral-
leled in Aeschylus.
1458 vvv Be reXelav Ova lav Trap a rots arp.
oXXv fjbevoicruv iiravdlaaT^ al/ju avtirrov,
TjTLS TJV TOT iv BofjLOLS
epc<; ipbS/jLCLTO*; dvSpbs oltys.
( And now a final sacrifice (one that completes the number),
by the side of those who perished under Troy, she crowns
with blood inexpiable/
1547 Tt? 8' iTTiTv/jL/3i,o$ alvov iir dvSpl 6el(p clvt.
avv hcucpvcriv laXTov iv
dXadeia (frpevwv TrovrjcreL ;
IclXtov l shot forth, ejaculated/
1467 o%vo~to jjlov aXyos eirpa^ev.
56 Agamemnon.
1481 r) jjbeyav olkct lkov
haifiov? dp civ ftapvp/qviv alvels
1498 fine? iiriXrjOrj^
' A<yafjL€/jbvoviav elvai /jl aXo^ov.
' Do not forget (as often as you boast of calling me to
account for my deeds) that — .'
1507 irarpoOev he crvWrj-
7TTO)p yevoir av aXdcrrcop'
ft id^ercu 8' 6/jLO(T7r6pot,<; inr up pooler lv al/jbdrayv
yu-eXa? "Apws. 6 iroha S' ifccov irpoftaLvcov
ird^vav fcovpoftopqy irape^ei.
Sense : No female can play the part you lay claim to.
A descendant on the male side may become an assistant
alastor ; for black Mars is determined by the course of
the stream of blood-descent. But he who of his own
aceord advances his foot, taking up the part of alastor as
Klytemnestra does, will give his gore to Mars the youth-
devourer. Nemesis descends to those of the blood of the
original offender (opbocnropois).
1535 Alko, c? eir aXko irpayfMa c^dcryavov /3\d/3a<;
7T/0O9 aXkai? Orjydvaccn re [pec.
1 Justice upon various whetstones sharpens the sword of
hurt for various deeds.'
1574 fiaibv i'xpvar) p.oi ttolv aTro^prjv
The /jlol was first dropped or forgotten, then being obvi-
ously needed was added erroneously after diroyjpriv.
Choephoroe, 57
1589 to fir) Oavcbv nrarpmov alfidgai irehov.
avrbv %evLaa<; rovSe 8vo~deos irarrjp
'Arpevs 7rpo0v/jLco<; fiaXkov tj (j>[\co<;, kt\.
The proper distribution of the adverbs requires a verb in
v. 1 590. If the asyndeton be objectionable, read ov 8' ovv
%evio-a<i.
1594 ra p,ev irohrjpri teal %ep0iv Jucpovs tcrevas
€tcpv7TT avcoOev avQpaicas KaOeifievos.
aarjfjua S' ovv 08' clvtlk ayvola \aj3<bv kt\.
1659 el Se rot fio'xPwv yevono Tt? \vais 7/
iyoifieOa.
Cf. Soph. Tr. 1170 e<f>aa/ce /loy^Ocov . . . Xvacv reXeiaOac.
CHOEPHOROE.
47 tl yap Xvypbv ireo-ovros aXfiaros ire pa;
1 For what dark thing is beyond shed blood ? '
61 poTTf) 8* iirio- Korel Al/ca?
Tayela tovs p,ev ev cf>dec
ra 8* iv fieTatx/jLLG) ctkotov
p,evei, yjpovi^ovTa /3pa%v.
Xpovu^ovra ftpayy (an oxymoron — ' they last briefly, or,
awhile') explains both readings, axv an d fipvei; the
former a paleographic error, the latter a marginal inter-
pretation. With the vulgate eirio-Koirel, raxela is absurd.
[eTrio-Korei rofc p<ev iv <f>dec O. Miiller.]
58 Choephoroe.
66 81 aifiar eKiroOevO* viro ^Oovo^ rpocf)ov <TTp.
Xvrb*; <f>ovo<; ireirrjyeVt ov Bcappoaq
St' a yo 9 "Ato- hucufyepei Antispast and 2 Iamb.
TOi9 ciItlois iravepyera^ voaw ftpvew.
71 OiyOVTL 8 OVTL VVfJL(f>lfC(0V eBcoXicov avr.
a/cos, iropot re irdvres etc jjuia? 6Sov
fiaivovres tolv ^epolv /jlv<to<;
<j)6vov Kadatpeiv elaloiev av fidrav.
' By reason of Earth's absorbing the blood-drops, has the
shed fluid been coagulated (and so not dispersed and lost),
the sanies of which clot Ate" has distributed on account of
their pollution to the guilty, causing them to be filled
with disease.' — For %uto9 <j)6vo$ cf. Eum. 682 aifjuaro^
'Xyrov, iravepyera^ is to be found in Ag. 1486. Against
the common reading Travap/ceras it is to be noted that all
the compounds of dp/ceco are like avTapK^. For the
signif. of Bicufyepei, see the scholiast's BiaairapdaaeL.
The vulgate BiaXyrjs in v. 68 is not used by the drama-
tists ; and titcls in v. 67 is a vox nihili.
75 i/Jbol Be a-LCdirr). avdytcav yap dfJb^>tTTTo\ei^ Oeol
irpoa-rjveyKav.
79 Bi/caia /ecu ra /j,r) Biicaia
irpeirovr dp^ac? ftiov
ftiq <f>epofievrjv alvecrai, iriKpov (ppevcov
(TTvyos KpaTOvarjv .
130 \eyco, icaXovaa Trdrep' eiroiKTipov r e/j,e
<j)[\ov t 'Ope<TT7]v 7TOJ9 dvr)% o/juev Bofiois ;
1 How shall we return — ? '
145 ravr ev fxeaco Tidr)/M, reels kclkclZs dpals
Kelvwv \eyov<ra rrjvBe ttjv icaicrjv dpdv.
Choephoroe. 59
Xeyovaa = dvTikeyovcra ' in reply to their evil curses/ an
immediate application of v. 124 rbv iftdpov avraixei^eaOai
kcucoIs.
197 aXX? ev <rd<fi rjv rj tovcT airoirrvcrai, ttXokov,
elirep y air $%0pov KpaTos r)V Terfirj/jLevos,
V £vy<yevr)<i to 9 rjye crv/jLTrevOelv 6/jlol
* O that I knew whether . . . ., or (knew) that some kins-
man brought it to grieve with mV — a change of con-
struction from accus. with infin. to a &>9-clause. The
conjunctions tj ... ^ are thus in their proper places.
224 o>9 ovt 'Opearrjv ratcrc? iya> ere irpovvveiray ;
7rpovvve7rco has thus its proper sense, 'to openly declare,
to announce.'
232 cnraQt]^ re irXrjyds' old 6 a 6r)pLcov ypa<f>r)V ;
238 &> repirvov ofifia recrcrapa^ fioipas eyov
ifioL' irpocravSa) 8' €t9 dvdyicas a 9 e^ec?*
' I address you according to the ties of relationship which
you hold to me.'
291 zeal rot9 tolovtoi? ovre Kparfjpos fiepo?
elvai /jberao-^ecv, ov (J>i\ocr7r6v8ov \fy8o9'
f3a)/j,(t)v r aireipov ovk epdafjuevov irarpos
fJbovf) Bi^ecrdac, ovre avWveiv revd'
irdvToav hT citi/mov Kcttyikov dvrjcr/ceiv yjpbvai kt\.
1 That no father's friend (no man beloved of his father)
should receive him for a sojourn or lodge with him.'
ipa>/jL€vo<; = amicus. The last verse quoted (295) shows
the singular to have preceded it.
315 w irdrep aivoirarep, tl o~ol
(ftdfievo? rj tl pef«9
60 Choephoroe.
TvyoiyH aveicaOev ovpicras ;
evOa <r eyovaiv evvai,
cr/cora) <f)do<; laofioipov, yapirks & o/jloloos.
/ce/ckrjTcu 7005 evfcXer)? kt\.
By evval, is not meant the tomb, but the place of rest in
Hades. ' Where you repose, darkness and light — y
343 iralwv pueKdOpoi^ ev fiaaiXeLOi?
vwv icpara <j>[\ov KOjjbiaeiev.
v£v i. e. the chorus (speaking in the sing.) and Electra.
363 jAr]$ vtto T/oota? a>?
T€L%€(ri, (t>0L/JL6VO$, 7rCLT6p,
fier aWcov $ovpi/c/j,f)Ti \aS
irapa X/cafidvSpov iropov iredayjro'
Trapo<$ 8 Ik€T€v(o Kravovras viv ovtcq? Bafjbrjvac
kt\.
'Not that thou hadst been buried under Troy . . . but
rather I pray that . . . .' [The strophic verse correspond-
ing to irapos 8' IfcerevQ) /cr\. is, in Wellauer's text, ri/cvcov
T€ KekevBois eina-Tpe'TrTov alcova KTio-aa<;.~\
374 fiei^ova <j>(ovei$' ohvvai <roc yap.
Sense of the passage : 'Precious are these words (her wish
just expressed for the first time to see her mother punished),
for they are pain to thee/ i. e. words whose sincerity appears
by the pain which their utterance costs.
384 X ei P l > T0Ke V(Tt, $' 0/jLCO<; T6X09 TL06L.
Sense from v. 382 : ' Zeus though thou sendest late venge-
ance . . . ., yet for my parents — .' It is this specific
declaration from Electra, that she wishes to see her mother
punished, that emboldens the chorus to utter the language
Choephoroe. 6 1
of vv. 385-392. [The antist. to v. 384 is : tcXvre Be rc\
'XOovlcov rercpevai.^
406 tBere iro\vKpaTel<; ye (j)6 Lpevcov dpd$
Bi-dochm.
Antistr. v. 419 : irdOopev a^ea 7T/90? 76 roiv Te/copevow.
412 teal Tore pev Bv<re\7u$ -
<T7r\dyxya re pot teeXaivov-
TCU 7T/30? 67T09 KkVOVGy.
orav B* avr kt\.
re should stand, for rore pev finds its contrast in orav Be,
not sooner.
439 epaayakiaQj) B* oaov toB* elBo?*
eirpaacre S' airep viv, wBe OdirTei,
popov aTeyeiv pcopeva
Ct(f>epTOV alodVL <7ft).
For elBos used of the human form, see Th. 507 ovr elBo?
ovre Ovpbv ov6' ottXcov cryecriv paypTjTo?. V. 441 refers
to the hasty burial without due rites.
454 tcl B' av crvv opya pd9oi<;
470 la) BvaKardiravcrTov a\yo$,
Bcopao-tv eppoTOV.
rcov S' atco? ovB air aXXayv
eterouev, aXX air avrcov
BtcoOelv epw alparrjpdv,
502 OLKTtpe OrjXvv apcreva (rraOpcov yovov.
aradpeov is a ptc. i Restoring to its araOpd the male
progeny.'
" 01 TffB
62 Choephoroe.
532 Kal 7T&)9 drp(orov ; rj y^dpiv 7* airoarvyel ;
Sense : l But how was the breast unwounded ? Did the
creature reject the favor offered? No, it sucked with
such violence as to draw blood.' This answer in v. 533
shows v. 532 must form a transition from Klytemnestra
as nominative to the dragon as nominative. Further,
ovOap is a late and coarse word for a woman's breast —
especially unbecoming in the mouth of a son.
536 7roWol S* avrfkOov, i/crvcfrXcodevTes ar/coro),
\afiTTTrjpd t* avSal ovcri SecnroLvr)? X^P iVy
irkpnrei r eiretra kt\.
' Many rush up blinded by the darkness and light a lamp
for the queen/ One feeble lamp may be blinded by the
darkness, not many, as the common reading has it.
585 TToWh ]j,€V yd rpefai
Becvd, KapTa Bvcr /jLa^rj .
Kapra abbreviated into the kclL of the Med.
602 L<TTC0 8/ 0(7T£9 OU% VTTOTTTepOS
cf)povTia-cv, 8va<;
ras a 7rcu$o\v-
pas Takaiva ©eo"Tta9 fjurjcraro
Trvpha?) tiv Ik irpovoi-
«9 KaraiOovaa 7rai&b<; 8l(J)vlov
BaXov rfkuc ktX.
' Let him not swift in thought (the slow man who needs to
be instructed) know the miseries which Althaea planned,
when she wittingly consumed the half burnt twin brand
of her son, of equal age with him — ? irvphar)^ is ' fire-
burnt, scorched.' Cf. rj/juSai]*;. For BlcJ)vlo<; cf. Ag. 1469.
Choephoroe. 63
623 eVel S' iire^vaad^iav aixeikiytov
irovcov, cLKparos Be Bvo~<pt\,€<; ya/jbi]-
\evfi airev^erov Bofjuoi^
yvvaifcoftovXoL re fjbrjrt,Be<i (f>pev<ov kt\.
1 Since I have made mention of cruel evils, an unmixed
evil is — .'
641 tl Br) 0e fit? yap ov arp.
Xaf ireBoi ttcltov fxevov
rov irav Ato? (reftas TrapeKJSavros ov
de/Mo-rws ;
Sense : ' For what justice is there when the transgressor
is not trodden under foot ? '
648 T€Kvov 8* iirei(T^>epei Bo/jloiglv (bad* avr.
alfxaTtov iraXcuTepwv kt\.
684 €lt ovv /H6TOCKOV, Is re yav aei^evov
690 ovk olBa, rjjB' ol/covvra B' €t«o? elBevav.
693 KA. to? 7roX)C 7rco7ra /cafCTroBcov ev Keifxeva
Tofot? irpoacoOev evo-KOTrois y^eipov p,eva.
cfriXoov diro^iXol^ fie kt\.
Vv. 693-94 are a natural interjection, prefacing the special
case ical vvv ^Opio-rrj^. If eVft>7ra9 be read, the succeed-
ing Kai is needless.
728 yQbviov 6* 'Fipfjurjv Kara rrjv ev^^
■TolaS 1 i(f>oSevaac kt\.
64 Choephoroe.
740 Bofiois Be rotaBe irav /c a /ceo 9 e%ei
^rjfir}^ v<j> 979 rjyyeiXav 01 %evoc ropcos.
fjv Brj kXvcov i/celvos evcfrpavel vbov
750 ov e^eOpe^ra fjbTjrpoOev BeBeyfjuevrj.
ot WKTiir\ayKTwv opOicov tceXevfjudrcov
V. 751 is exclamatory. Cf. Soph. El. 1143 ocfMot rdXcuva
t?79 6/4779 TTakai rpo(j)rj<; j avco<f>e\r)Tov, evidently an imita-
tion of Aeschylus.
Conject. 770 : (if the MSS. are to be departed from at
all) /jurj vvv crv ravr ayyeWe BecrTrory areyq^'
783 vvv TrapcurovfjLeva /jloi, irdrep o~rp.
Zev decov ^OXviatt'mdv
Bb<; rv^as' rev^e julol /cvpiovs
ra cr(o(f)pov ev ficuofievovs IBetv.
Vv. 785-86 : ' Give me good fortune. Make me to see
my masters wisely seeking the prudent way/ This, any-
how, is what the passage must say. [But this construction
of Tev%o) is not to be found in Greek.]
794 XdOi £' avBpbs <f>i\ov irwiXov ev- dvr.
viv ^vyevr iv dpjuuaorcv
Trrjfjbdrcov ev Bpo/juco irpoaridei
fierpov. rolov aq>^6/j,evov pvOfjbbv
tovt IBol BdireBov
vo/jll/jlcov fifj/jbdrayv opey/na.
rolov with the first syllable measured short, opey/jua in
apposition to pvdfiov.
806 to Be /caXcos ev kt alov . a> p>eya vaiwv
arofiLOV, ev 809 a ce t v Bbfiov dvBpbs
i Grant that the house hear its lord/
Dochm.
Choephoroe. 65
819 «at docBav 7t\ov<t lodv <rrp.
Soy/jbdrcov Xvrrjpiov
OrjXvv ovpioardrav 6/jlov re KpeKTov
yoarav vofiov
jieOrja-ei ttoXis.
825 rd 8' €v. ' fjuoty 6/jlov
K€p8oS de%6TCLL,
raaB' draff diroo-Taroi/rras 4>i\cov kt\.
831 Ilepcreet)? tg3S' iv typealv dvT,
KapWiav a")(e6cdv, irdrep {yel /cpecov),
rots 6' V7rb 'xdovb*; (fyiXocac tois r avcodev
irpoirpdaaoav ydpw,
7T/0O? opyais XvTTpais
ri6e\<$ fyoiviav
"Arav evhodev
rrjv atnov, ava%, diroWv fiop(p.
Sense of the antistr. (addressed to Agamemnon) : 'And
do thou, Ruler, keeping firm the Perseus-heart in his
breast (i. e. Orestes' breast), and gratifying your friends
in Hades and those above, adding to his dark passions a
deadly Ate within, slay the guilty one/ — It seems im-
possible that after the language of vv. 827-830 the chorus
should go over again the same injunctions to Orestes. It
would be a wretched tautology. For the view that the
final antistrophe is addressed to Agamemnon, compare
the addresses to Darius in the Persae, also in this play
the prayers to Agam. by Electra and Orestes.
841 teal t68* ajjufyepeiv 86/jlols
yevoir av d^6o<; SeofxaTOcrTayh <f>avev
tg3 irpoaOev ekicaivovTi Kal BeBrjyfievq).
5
66 Eumenides.
953 Trirep 6 Aof/a? 6 Hapvacro-ios
fieyav eyjav fivyov %6ovb<; eircopOia-
$jev aBoXcos, BoXiayv
ft\ air to jjuevov %p6va) aOevo? diroi^eTai.
Sense : Just as Apollo announced, so the strength of the
deceivers weakened by time departs.
969 tvX9 ^ €V7rpo(TQ)7r(p K6LTac to irav
ah ik a 6peop,evoi<s
IA6TOIKOLS 86/JLOl TTeCTOVVTai 7TaX.LV.
'The house will fall (as in the game of dice) to — ?
\_K€LTai Boissonade.]
1018 OVTLS fl6p6lT(DV aa-lVrj filOTOV
Bid irdvT aTpe/jur)<; Bia/jbeiyjrec'
1041 Kal fiapTVpelv pu ov j/t/Xcw? 6p6ovv fcatcd.
1067 irveva-as ay pi (as eTeXeaOrj.
EUMENIDES
42 Kal veoo-Trahks ftc^o?.
€%€£ T* iXaas v-yjriryevvrjTov kXclSov
67 Kal vvv aXovaas TaaBe Ta? fidpyov? 6 pa?
V7rvq>, ireaovcrav S' at KaTairTvaToi Kopai
Tata? iraXaual iralBeq
See Hes. Theog. 185 for the descent of the Erinyes from
Gaia.
103 opa Be 7rX7iya$ TaaBe KapBias eaon.
Eumenides. 6?
213 rj /cdpr arifia, koX wap ovBev opKta
"Upas reXelas Kal A to? TrtaTdofiara.
optcia I prefer as a substantive, though it does well as an
adjective.
Conject. 231 : fiercest, rovSe <f>cor i/cei tcvvrjryeTis.
i/cei for i/celae, i. e. irap A to? Opovovs, v. 229 ; as in
Soph. O. C. 1019 6Bov KdTapyew rrjs itcel.
255 opa opa /^aV av
Xevo-ae irav fJLTj XaOrj <j>vtyBa /3a?
334 tovto yap Xd^os hiavTaia
Moip 9 67T€fcX(0(T efi ifiirehcos €X €LV > 6 vaT & v
ol<; iv avrovpyiais ^VfiTricrco, <tvv fiaraiai
tg3S' ofjbapreiv
355 orav "Apr}?
nOaaov ov (f>CXov eXjj.
1 When Mars (the armed man) slays his unarmed (quiet)
friend.' The penalties denounced are surely not pointed
at civic broils, in which we are generally unable to con-
vict either party.
372 afjua yap ovv dXo/xiva
dveicaOev jSapwrreGr)
/cara(f>epco 7roSo? a/cfiav,
ccfaaXep 1 7ra)9 ravvSpo/jLOLs
/ccoXa 8vo-(f>6p(o<; radfj.
378 rolov €7r y avBpl Kvicfras p, vara pa) TreTrorarai,
real 8vo(f)€pd rt? d^Xvs Kara Scbfiaro?
a rj rat, iroXvo-rovos (jyans.
414 irpoaw Bifcatcov ov& eirco-Tarel defies.
r)Be of the vulgate Aeschylus uses only to conjoin pairs of
68 Eumenides.
things or persons, never to connect two verbs. For the
correction of Pers. 859, see above.
429 aW* op/cov ov Be%aiT av, ov Bovvai 0e/u9.
BeXei of the MSS. arose from SiXets in the next verse.
478 X®P a ^ €Tav ^ L<: * L0 ^ 6/c (f>pov7)jjLdra)P
ireBoi irecrwv atyepTOV dXBavel vbaov.
483 <f>av(o, St/Cdo-ras 6p/ct,ov$ alpov/j,ivr) ,
Oeafjbov, tov et9 diravT iyco dtfo-co yjpbvov.
[Dated 1884 — not therefore anticipated by Wecklein,
1888.]
516 Tt9 Bk 7T0V TO BeiVOV ai)
teal (ptpevcov eiricrKoirov
Betjiavel Ka6rj/jL€vov,
^V/JL^)6p6l, (TG)(f)pOV€lv V7T O CTT 6 V (OV ,*
Tt9 06 fir) rao ev <paet,
icapBlas dvaTpecfxov ktX*
1 Who will anywhere again fear the supernatural and the
seated judge of souls, whispering to himself i it behooves
one to be virtuous ■ ? And who, not openly (confessedly)
cherishing this belief in heart, — .' iv cjxiec /capBlas
opposed to secrecy of heart.
553 tov avTLToXfjbov Be (j>afic Trapfi&Tav
TiOevTa ttoXXo, 7ravTo<f>vpT ktX.
565 wXer' ateXavTos o{/to>9.
Cf. Th. 1056 yivos a)Xeo-aT€ irpifivodev outg>9.
576 koX fiapTvprjo-cov rfkOov — €o~ti yap Bvolv
i/ceTrjs oS' avrjp ktX.
Bvolv of both Apollo and Athena. This emendation justi-
fies the emphasis of ificov in v. 578. [This emend., to
Eumenides. 69
judge from the page upon which it is written, must have
been written many years ago and may perhaps claim
priority over Heyse, 1884.]
631 airo arpareLCK} ydp viv dixireirXev kotcl
ra irXelaT 6 fjuaifjuov^ €v<j)poaiv SeBey/juevov
Bpolrrjv, irepwvra Xovrpa Karri repfjuara
<f>apo$ Trapeo-Krjvwaev.
'Him having returned from the expedition and having
accepted the bath for the most part associated with pleasure,
she — .' Trapeo-KTJvcoo-ev is construed with two accusatives
on analogy of the verbs of clothing. The baths were
probably marble, and set in the floor, the one for cold
water being last in the series. This Agamemnon is
represented as having just received (iwl repfiara).
[afiireifKevKOTa is also Heyse's conject.]
645 7re£<z? fiev el Brjaeuev, eart, tov& clko<$
Brjaeiev sc. Zeu?.
727 av rot, 7raXaid<; Baifjuovas tcaTcufidio-as
/cal vvv 7rapr}7rdT7]<ra<; apyaias 6ed<z.
789 arevd^co ; tl pel; a) ; dpcofiai Bvcroiara
7roXiTac<i TraOelv ;
Cf. Soph. O. T. 251 eirevyofiav .... iraOelv airep
toloS' dpTucos r/pao-dfjLTjv.
837 ifjue iraOelv re rdBe
efie 7ra\aio<t>pova, Kara re yav ol/celv V Dochm.
drierov fivcros.
861 iatjt ef iv ovarii /cap8[a<; dXe/cropayv
iv toI<$ €/jLol<; d<TTo2(riv l§pvcrr)<z "Apr)
The thought is : This contentious temper is native to the
70 Eumenides.
Athenians ; but do you not, finding it in them, make it
the cause of intestine war.
864 6vpaio$ earco 7roXeyu,o9 6/jLoXoyos Trapcov
That is, foreign war entered into by all as of one mind.
[For two resolutions in one trimeter, cf. Pers. 284, Th.
593, Cho. 89, Ag. 1584.]
934 ra yap e/c Trporipcov apbTrXafctcov viv
7Tpo? rdaS 9 dirdyei
960 av8poTV%eL<; ftiorovs Bore, icvpi eyovre*;,
6eai, twv M.ocpa>v
fiarpoKaaiyvrjrac.
The words which follow seem applicable only to the Eu-
menides, celebrating their new honors. We must suppose
them addressing each other.
965 iravTi yjpovtp & eTriftpidels
iiriPpiOet^ refers to their primitive function. ofiCkiais is
the object, depending upon hri in composition.
988 dyvd cf}povov(Tt yXcoacr)? dyaOrjs
68bv evpicnceis.
1037 rifias KCbl 6v(TLa$ irepiaeiTTai, e'xocre
1040 iXaot, fcpaSiav evfypoves e? yav ) °" r P'
Bevp 1 IVe ae/jbval deal irvpL^dirrcp \ ^'
Xa/jLTrdSi repiTOjjbevai. fcad' 68bv S'
oXoXv^are vvv iirl fjLoXirals.
1044 <T7rov8al<; arepoirdv ivOdS ivoo/cwv dvr.
FLaXXd8o<; d<TTol<; Zet>? ir por tdirrei
wtlvl IsJlolpd ye crvyfcarefia.
oXoXv^are vvv eVl fioXTrais.
Eumenides.
71
Antistr. : i To this treaty Jove dwelling here with the
people of Pallas imparts his lightning as sanction.' [deal
in v. 1041 anticipated by Hartung.]
The following emendations by ^lr. Rogers prove to
have been already made by the various scholars named :
SUPPLIANTS.
. 147 a<p' a\6s M. Schmidt
354 K\ddois <re Wordsworth
503 i<p' ka-riav Burgess
629 repfiova irejj.iroov Hartung
732 Kvpia. H. Voss
871 ay plats Bamberger
924 rdcrde fi ^aip-fffferai Bois-
sonade.
PERSIANS.
95 T^fxaros Francken
338 ftip olv Wakefield
944 irai/SvprSs Hermann
946 irevQr)T7)p ws Paley.
963 aycus Wecklein.
SEVEN AGAINST THEBES.
227 ajULrixctvovpT Heimsoeth
239 Order of words Lach-
mann
332 t\s Hermann.
PROMETHEUS.
400 a8iv6v Weil
1087 TrapadtiKvvfxeva Hartung.
AGAMEMNON.
76 tire .... t6t€ Klausen
107 alue?u Jacobs
125 apxas Kauchenstein
131 apd Pleitner
179 avQ* virvov Emperius
v. 181
250
367
612
730
1147
1261
1325
1392
1395
1447
1657
1658
jSejSatws Legrand
ro?s fxev Trarovcri Matthiae
exois &v Karsten
XaKicbs frauds Auratus
&ypai(riv Bamberger.
ireplfiaXov Blomfield
ivdeTff iv kvtci Scaliger,
Enger and others.
ixQpovs <pove?s T€ Schuetz
ycua Casaubon
roups' Schneidewin
eiivovs Butler
ffrelx^ alSoloi yepovres
H. L. Ahrens
&Kaipov Musgrave.
CHOEPHOROE.
425 &Stjv Bamberger
613 5^ ris Metzger
698 wpoSovcrav Pauw
738 ^to Bamberger
o-Kv6pwrr6s Heyse.
EUMENIDES.
137 £5' Scaliger
138 a.Tjx6v Hermann
188 KttKwv re x^°v vis Casau-
bon
220 jur/S' eVeo-flai Schwenk
435 4ira£la>s Boissonade
685 dpare L. Schmidt
946 y6vov \ews Kauchenstein.
*j2 Appendix.
To the above list must be added those already duly
credited in the body of the work, and there printed
because in close context with other emendations in which
Mr. Rogers had not been anticipated.
APPENDIX
Eur. Hipp. 545/.
rav fjuev Oiyakiq
ttcoXov ai^vya, Xeicrptov
avavBpov to irplv koX avv/xcpov, ockcov
^ev^acf air elpecrias ktX.
' Releasing her from the routine service of the house.'
elpetria = vir^peaia.
Soph. Philoct.
678' /car a/MTrvKa Seo-fiiov ov, Bpo/ndb^ cos, e'ftaXev
' Whom he cast bound on the wheel as a whirling object/
In the antistr. v. 695 read diroKXavcreLev alfiarrjp6<;.
850 Kelvo Xddpa, /celvo fiot cttj p,r)vov
i^cBov r l irpd^ets.
olcrOa ydp cov avhcofxai,
el ravrav tovtcov yvcb/juav tercet?,
jjidXa rot diropa ttvklvoIs eviBelv, iriQov.
1087 co irXripeararov avXcov
Xviras' co? air ifiov rdXav
tl iror av fjbOL rb icar ctfiap
€<TTai ; irov irore rev^o/jbai
Appendix. „ 73
(TiTovo/nov fjueXeos irodev eXiriBos ;
el6* aWepos avco
7TTft)«<x8a9 ogvTOVOV Bid TTVeVfLCLTOS
aXeoaifiovs er el%ov (yd ecr^ov)-
1095 ay tol /carrj^lco- errp.
eras' rdSe Papvirorfju ovk* Dochm.
aXXodev ep^erai, ovef diro jxei^ovos.
Dactyl.
evre ye irapov efrpovrjerai
Xqoovo? i/c Baifiovos etXov to kclkiov aXXco$.
rdBe ftapviroTiia, since /3apv , 7roTp,o<; applied to Philoct.
contradicts the drift of the poet, epyerai accounts for the
reading eyei Tv%a.
1116 TroTyLto? ere Bao/xovcov dvr*
Ti9 ovBe ere ye 80X09 ktX.
Soph. Oed. Col.
1217 rd rip-
irovra ov/c av loo it ottov,
otclv /3 to? irXeeov irear]
tov OeXecv rore tT eiriKOvpos ktX.
1224 firj (j)dvcu rbv diravra vi-
/ca Xoyov to oY eVel (j>avfj,
fifjvac KeWev oOev irep rj/cec
iroXv Sevrepov C09 rd^cerra,
a>9, evr av to veov irapfj
KOv<j>a<; defrpoervva? cfrepov,
T£9 irXay^Oy iroXvfio^Oo^ e-
et>9 irXay^Sfi e^co = ut emigret e vita, irapfj from irdpeipbL.
74 * Appendix.
[In Trach. vv. 144-5 :
to yap ved^ov ev roiotaSe QocnceTat
%o)/)0£? avarov ktX.
Mr. Rogers was long ago anticipated by Reiske.]
The Gospel of St. Matthew, V, 21-22.
The ordinary text is as follows : 'H/covo-are on eppeOr;
Tot? apyaiois, Ov (frovevaew 09 6° av (f)ovevarj, eVo^09
€GTCLL TT Kpl<T€l. E^O) &€ XiyO) VfUV, OTL TTCLS 6 Opyi^O-
/xez/09 to5 a8e\(f)(p avrov elicr), eVo^09 earat rfj /cpLorer
09 $' av etirr) rS dBeX^xp avrov, 'Va/cd, eVo^09 earao
to3 o-vveSpiqy 09 3' cta> elV^, Mwpe, eVo%09 earai efc
t^ yeevvav rov irvpos. The common interpretation of
this text is very well given by Albert Barnes, Notes on the
Gospels, vol. 1, p. 68 : " The amount then of this difficult
and important verse is this. The Jews considered but
one crime a violation of the sixth commandment, viz :
actual murder, or wilful unlawful taking life. Jesus says
that the commandment is much broader. It relates not
only to the external act, but to the feelings and words.
He specifies three forms of such violation : 1st. Unjust
anger. 2d. Anger accompanied with an expression of
contempt. 3d. Anger, with an expression not only of con-
tempt, but urickedness. Among the Jews there were three
degrees of condemnation : that by the " judgment," the
" council," and the " fire of Hinnom." Jesus says like-
wise there shall be grades of condemnation for the different
ways of violating the sixth commandment. Not only
murder shall be punished by God, but anger and contempt
shall be regarded as a violation of the law and punished
by him according to the offence. As these offences were
Appendix. J$
not actually cognizable before the Jewish Tribunals, he
must mean that they will be punished hereafter. And all
these expressions relate to the degrees of punishment pro-
portionate to crime in the future world — in the world of
justice and of woe." — See also Wetstein ad loc. : u Ira-
cundus qui ad maledicta etiam leviora prorumpit, Deo
judice, tarn nocens est, quam vestro judicio is est qui a
Synedrio condemnatur j qui vero gravioribus convitiis
indulget, Deo judice, tarn nocens est, quam is quern vos
Deo reliuquendum et aeterni ignis supplicio dignum ex-
istimatis"
To the preceding interpretation and all its modifications
there stands the capital objection that it imagines a climax
(composed of Rash Anger — Anger with wordy abuse —
Anger with malicious charge) where no climax really
exists; and to this end forges 'usus loquendi,' attributing
to the words Raca and Mor6 significations that do not
belong to them. They were words used lightly, much
like their English equivalents, to those present as well as
of those absent, where no anger (much less malice) was
felt, merely as colloquial expressions of moral or intel-
lectual dissatisfaction. Nor do they imply more than
opyr), but rather less. For opyrj does not denote slight
anger, such as does not break forth in words. 1 •
1 For the light use of /5a/ca, see St. Chrysostom, Complete Works,
Paris, 1836, vol. VII, p. 245, 16th Homily on Matthew: rb f>aich
rovro ov fj.eyd\T]S iarrlv vfipeats prj/J-a, &AAa fiaWou Kara<ppowfio~*(i)S Ka\
bXiywpias rivbs rod \4yovros. Kaddirep yhp ■q/j.e'is /) olicerais tf ticti r<av
KaraSeeffrepoov iirirdrrovres Aeyofitw &wek6e av, eiVe rep osivi av- ovra>
Kal oi t?7 ~2,vpa>v Kexpy/u-svoi y\wrrr) panh \4yovaiv, oj/tJ rov av rovro
nOevres. — St. Jerome, Commentarii in Evang. Matthaei, ad loc. :
"Hoc verbum proprie Hebraeorum est : Raca enim dicitur kcv6s, i. e.
y6 Appendix.
The force of this objection was felt by Lightfoot (one
of the chief fabricators of the received exegesis) ; for he
says, as quoted by Adam Clarke ad loc. : " pucope, thou
fool, which, how to distinguish from Raca, which signifies
an empty fellow, were some difficulty, but that Solomon
is a good dictionary here for us, who takes the term
continually for a wicked wretch and reprobate, and in
opposition to spiritual wisdom."
But who could determine the force of a phrase of to-
day by the usage of Chaucer's time ? And how can the
language of Herod's time be interpreted by the words
of the time of Solomon ? The truth is pucope and paica
are identical in force and sense. There is no climax, and
the passage should be amended thus : rj/covo-are on ippedrj
rols apyaiois, Ov (povevcreis' o? 8' av (frovevay, eVo^09
earai rfj icpiaei. 'Eyo) he Xeyca v/juv, ore ira^ 6 opje-
%6/j,€vo<; to) aheXcfxp avrov el/cr}, eVo^09 ear at rfj Kpiaet.
^ppeOv Tot? ap^alots' 09 S' av elirr) tq5 ahe\(f)(p
avrov, ^VaKou, evo^o? co-rat rS o~vvehpi(p. 'Eyo) he
XeycOy 09 8* av elirrj, Mcope, eVo^o9 ear at et'9 rrjv
yeevvav rod irvpos.
inanis aut vacuus : quern nos possumus vulgata injuria absque cerebro
nuncupare." — St. Augustine, De Sermone Domini in Monte, cap. IX,
23 : " Probabilius est ergo quod audivi a quodam Hebraeo, cum id
interrogassem (viz., the meaning of the word f>aica) : dixit enim esse
vocem non significantem aliquid, sed indignantis animi motum ex-
primentem. Has interjectiones grammatici vocant particulas orationis
significantes commoti animi affectum : velut cum dicitur a dolente,
Heu; vel ab irascente, Hem." — Wetstein ad loc: " Kaca vulgare ver-
bum est apud Judaeos, quod non ex ira neque ex odio, sed ex aliquo
motu vano dicebant, magis fiduciae causa quam iracundiae."
As for /j.(ap6s, or pcopos, all Greek scholars know with how little anger
or passion the word is used. Often indeed there is pity in the tone.
Appendix. 77
The justification of the change I have made — by inter-
polation of some words into the interpretation which in the
oral discourse could be implied sufficiently by tone — is
this : the words as they commonly stand yield no good
sense ; but as changed, their meaning is admirable, and
they become symmetrical in form with the context.
[Had Mr. Rogers intended to introduce these words
actually into the text, he would have written of course :
eppeOrj Be tols apyaiow 09 av ktK., and tyco Be Xeyco,
bs civ eiTry kt\J]
ERRATA.
Page 35, line 2 from top, read eKTpeirovaa for iicTpeirovva.
" 35, v. 697, anticipated by Pauw.
" 36, v. 766, read apcusfor Upcus.
" 46, v. 308, read ewe it for eweir.
" 47, line 2 from bottom, read Kepavv6s for Kepav6vs.
" 48, " 5 " " , add the no. of v. 711.
" 50, v. 777, read wivyfor wivcp.
" 50, v. 949, read apyvpwv^rovs for apyvpovfirovs.
" 53, first line, read ends for end.
" 58, v. 130, read warep for wdrep\
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