EMENDATIONS IN AESCHYLUS WITH A FEW OTHERS IN SOPHOCLES AND EURIP3D-ES • AND ONE IN THE GOSPEL OF ST. MATTHEW, V., 22, A. M. ROGERS. BALTIMORE: JOHN MURPHY & CO. 1894. EMENDATIONS IN AESCHYLUS WITH A PEW OTHERS IN SOPHOCLES AND EURIPIDES: AND ONE IN THE GOSPEL OF ST. MATTHEW, V., 22, BY A. M. KOGEES. 'tjbivbrsitk BALTIMORE: JOHN MURPHY & CO. I8g4. <■ • • • * m* * * • -•:«, » »•» • • Alexander Mason Rogers, of Scotch-Irish descent, was a native of Baltimore, Maryland, a member of a family many of whose names are well known in the annals of science. The leisure moments of a busy life devoted to the duties of his profession as a lawyer were given to scholarly research. This was his recreation and delight. Even when in such feeble health as would have debarred most men from intellectual labor, his beloved books were never laid aside. The Curae Aeschyleae was truly a labor of love, and having completed the work he left in writing this request : " Having spent many years (some eight or nine) in efforts to restore the text of Aeschylus, and having made many singu- lar and valuable discoveries, as I feel assured, I am anxious that the results of so much labor and diligence shall not perish. Should I die before securing the publication of these labors, I trust that my sisters will make arrangements for publication, selecting a competent scholar to edit the work. Born July 26, 1824. Died Dec. 26, 1889. 230946 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/emendationsinaesOOrogerich EDITOR'S PREFACE. In his notes and emendations on Aeschylus (written as they occurred to him in an interleaved copy of Wellauer's edition of 1827) Mr. Rogers marked with the words ' Final ' and ' Re- jected ' those corrections which met with his ultimate approval and those which he abandoned — drawing a line through the former word and substituting the latter (often too adding the date of the change), if a better emendation suggested itself. Those marked ' Final ' he left explicit directions to publish. A very few others which he prefaced with a point of interro- gation were to be examined, and withheld or not, as should appear best. Little discretion therefore was left to the editor, his labor being merely to discover and copy from the often closely written page just which reading was the last preferred. Hence the work stands very nearly as Mr. Rogers wrote it. But the Greek names of the gods have been occasionally substituted in the interest of uniformity, where the author had used the Latin equivalents ; and the wording of the notes has sometimes, but rarely, been altered. What the editor himself adds by way of explanation or of reference — some- times too permitting himself a note of dissent — is enclosed in brackets. Otherwise his responsibility is only that of an amanuensis. 5 6 Editor's Preface. It is but just to Mr. Rogers to state that the books he possessed on Aeschylus were very few. Beside the Wellauer edition of 1827, he had Paley's 2d edition of 1861 and the Teubner text (Dindorf's) of 1873 ; for the separate plays, Bloomfield's Choeph., 1827; Agam., 1832; Felton's Agam., 1847; Wecklein's Prom., 1872; Enger-Gilbert's Agam., 1874; Ritschl's Sept. adv. Th., 1875 ; and Teuffel's Pers., 1875. In addition to these, Wellauer's and Dindorf's Lexicons ; Her- mann's Elementa Doctrinae Metricae, 1817 ; and Linwood's Greek Tragic Metres, 1855. This constituted his whole ap- paratus. Thus isolated, it was natural that many emendations oc- curred to him which were not, as he supposed, new. These of course — with the ■ Eureka ' which he would write over the especially happy ones — it is needless now to publish, but a list of them is added at the end. In noting these anticipations the editor has relied upon the invaluable edition of Aeschylus by Wecklein, 1885, with its Appendix of 1893. In the numbering of the verses he has followed the Teubner text (Weil's) of 1889. It may be not amiss to warn the reader that Mr. Rogers evidently does not attach pre-eminent importance to the readings of the Codex Medieeus. His text therefore can be justified sometimes only by reference to a more complete critical apparatus than that furnished by Wecklein. L. L. Forman, Ph. D. Baltimore, June, 1894. THE SUPPLIANTS. 3 airb irpocTTOfiicdv Xeirrcav ftaOeo? NetXou. The contrast is between the deep river and its shallow outlets. XeTTToylrafidOcov is not characteristic enough of the Nile for poetry. 9 d\\' avToyevr) ye r)'tyaT' eTTcavvfjiia r eireKpaivero fjLOpo-tfio? alcov ir)tya,To suits exactly the interjective character of the clause. 53 avelrai. 1 And not discordant (as mythic accounts are apt to be), though surprising, will they seem.' 60 Bogdaei rivd icXdeiv oira rd$ Tvpeta? /jLijrtBa<;, ol/crpas dX6%ov KipKrjXdrov t drjBovos' 64 irevOel veoi/co<; i/cro? rjBeow ' Mourns estranged outside of its wonts.' Confusion of e#T09, -oiKo<$, and oIktos. 74 Betfiaivova d(j>iXoV<; rdaBe (f>vyd<; 'Aep/a? dirb 7^9 fcoijTts icrrl /cwBe/jLcbv. [The emendation is independent of Weil's dfylXov, as it is dated Dec., 84.] 80 v$piv 8' iroificos crrvyovvre^ nreXotre orvvBifcoi 7' i/jbols. The sense is strong. 1 1 groan unfriended. In my flight thsre is no protector. But ye gods, who . . . . , be ad- vocates to my side.' [e/W?] 82 ear 1 Be Kaic irroXefJuov reipofjLevot,? pvfjici, BacfMoacv \d y* edrj/c ev (TKOTW, eOrj/c' ev, not edrjtcev, since the local dative according to Kuhner's Gram. § 426, 1 is not found in Aeschylus [Dated 1880. Is independent therefore of Tucker's elprjrai X0705. — Kiihner can hardly be correct as regards Aeschylus' avoidance of the local dative. See Prom. 706, Ag. 558, Cho. 87, 168, Th. 17.] 97 fiiav S' ovtlv i%07rXi%eL TTjBe 7TOVCOV 8cU/JLOVL(0V i But he displays therein no violence of demoniac toil.' 107 Kal Scdvoiav puev coXeaev icevrpov excov acfrvKTOv, dfidv S' dirdrav fjuerayvov^. Conjecture: Kal 8c dviav /nev oWvrat kt\. [Wel- lauer's reading of 100 (the verse of the strophe answering to 107) is tffievov dvco p6v7j/jbd 7r«9.] 122 Ovova* evdyea rekea weXofiev ov /caXcbs €7re8pa/j,ov 60 1 ddvaros dirfj. Sense: Sacrifices in Egypt being unfavourable, I fled whither I might escape death. — ivayrjs is possibly an epithet of aversion bestowed on Egyptian rites. Or is Qvovcf evakia re\ea to be read, =' offering sacrifice on the sea-shore before leaving Egypt'? ottoQi, as ordi- 10 The Suppliants, narily read, is not found in the tragedians. See Dindorfs Lex. Aesch. 162 a^rjfjbios S' ovk 'Io> €/J,7)V€ fLV7)0-T7]p' €/C OeCOV kovvo) 6° arav ya/jb6Ta<; ovpavoviKov 1 Not without penalty did Io madden with love a suitor of the gods/ 168 /cal tot av BiKaioiq Zeu? 6VT€v%eTaL \6yoi? hiKaioi \6yot of just censure. The repetition in antistrophe of vv. 162-166 is without the authority of the MSS., and to be reprobated on every account. 186 a\\' 6lt aTrrjfJbcov elVe KapTa 6ep /jlovovs GDfJLr) gvv opyfj twvS* eiropvvTai gtoXo? TeOvfifievcx; (Porson) denotes intense passion which darkens and confuses the mind; Ted^y/ievo? an acute attack of anger. Neither suits here, depfiovov? goes well with o)//,o? and 0/3777, denoting the flush of anger upon supposed injury. A nominative is needed for eirbpvvTai, hence 0-7-0X09. TcovSe are the apywyeTcu. [rwvSe and cttoXos were anticipated by Todt.] 198 to jxr] jjlcltcllov 6" e? fi€T(07ra o-oatypovcov itco 7Tpocrd)7rcov — ' to the metopes of your modest face.' 243 \xovov to8* f EX,Xa? yOcov crvvelaeTai Taya. 1 This feature only will the Grecian land readily recognise as its own.' Aesch. uses Taya with elaoficu five times, with Trevcrei twice, with yvcocrei once. See Dindorf s Lex. The Suppliants. II 247 iya> Be irpos ere irorepov 009 errjv \eyco rrjpovvra #' 'E/o/xoO pdftBov, rj 7ro\eft)9 dyov; Sense : Do I address you as a citizen and one keeping the staff of Mercury (i. e. as a mere herald), or — ? 250 tov yr)yevov ov £') ifiov S' ava/cros must be corrupt. How could a yet living king be the eponymous founder (not of a small city but) of a wide-spread state ? iraXai^^v is an epithet, not a proper name.] 254 fcal iraaav alav 979 Bi>* aypovs ep^erai Xrpv/jLcov, toitov Bvvovtos rfklov, Kparot). 265 to, Brj iraXaiwv alfidrcov fiido-fjuaacv XpavOelcr dvrjKe yaT, d/jbvvec S' avr* e/cas SpaKOvd 1 6 fiavXov, Bvafievrj ^vvoiKiav. Sense: (He purges the land of hostile beasts) which the earth has brought forth, and keeps afar the social dragon. — The clause to, Btf . . . . avrj/ce yaia is parenthetic and explanatory. Dragons men generally imagined to live singly; the social dragon was there- fore a terror. 12 The Suppliants. 294 r) 7' , co? fxev tare, teal (f>dn<; ttoXXt) Kparet [This and the two preceding verses are assigned in Wel- lauer's text to the chorus.] 319 to irpXv (ravyfj KeXaetv e? "Apyos i Since who thought that this one (I) in unexpected flight — ' 351 qXifidroMriv aX/ca ttigvvos /jbifiVKa <$>pa%ovo-a ftorrjpL /jlo^Oov^. A detailed simile here from the suppliants is not appro- priate, while a return to their own pressing case, with metaphor and asyndeton, is eminently so. i Trusting to your help I low my troubles' — or perhaps the perfect tense has its full force, referring to the tale just told. 385 jjuivec tovs Zrjvb? 6i«ot©9 kotos hvanrapaOekicTovs ttclQqvtos oiktois 396 tcplve, o-eftas, to irpos Oewv. For the voc. aifia^ cf. Cho. 156, Prom. 1091. 405 tl T&v8 ef laov peiro fievov ; /jl€toX- yels to Blkcllov €p£cu ; The chorus are answering the king's declaration in v. 397 that the case is a difficult one to decide. Their answer runs (402-406) : Zeus, while equally related to both parties, regards this matter with inclination to our side, justly as- signing the wrong to the wicked, the right to the just. What equality is there in the case? Where is there a /cpifia ovk ev/cptTov? Your hesitancy is not about the right, but about doing it. The Suppliants. 13 438 Bevpo 8' igofciWofiai I fil^N/Cta* rj Tola iv rj rols 7ro\€fiov cdpearOcu fieyav. irapecrT* avdy/crj, /ecu 767 6 fjL? irpOG-^y/jievov. 6 I'm driven to this strand, With these or those to make great battle. Necessity surrounds ; and thus the ship Is wedged, as on the ways 't were fastened.' As the text is commonly punctuated, Bevpo is without sense. The frequency of the phrase iraa dvdyicr) caused the disappearance of the true reading. cncd$o<$ is the ship of state, or the king himself. Finally, what Greek would have separated yeyofjLcjjcoTcu and o-fedepos ! 447 ykvoiro fivdov /jlvOo? av OeX/CTrjpios a\yei re dvfjiov tedpra /ccvrjrrj poos . — l and for distress of soul strongly expulsive.' [/az^r^- pto? proposed by Schwerdt.] 452 r) icdpTa veifcovs twvS* iyco Trapoi^ofiac. rcovSe refers to both suppliants and claimants, irapol^oyjai is ' I stand aside from.' The xPV°" r VP La iroKka (v. 450), if offered at all, must be provided by himself or the city, as the suppliants could hardly have them. Hence in part his decision : I decline positively the contention of these parties. [Upon this the suppliants threaten to hang them- selves, thereby finally effecting a reversal of the king's judgment. But if Paley's text and interpretation of v. 452 were correct, by which apparently the king is already on the point of yielding, not threats but further and more insistent entreaty would follow.] 491 alBolov evrpoirov re irpo^evov \afielv. 14 The Suppliants. 494 ftatfjLOvs irpovaov? Kal 7to\vctt['^ov<; eBpa? ' Many-ranked seats.' Interpretation of v. 514 del & dvaKrav earl Belfi e%al- acov : Selfia is ( distrust/ dvatcrtov an objective genitive. 530 rdv fieXavo £vyov vavv. Cf. e/caTo&yos, TpiaKovrd&yos, iroXv^vyos. Termi- nation in -fvf has another sense j cf. fiovo-, 8L-, Tpt-fwf . — Conjecture: arvv fjueXavi ^vyurrj. 534 vecoo-ov ev(f>pov alvov, yovev 7ro\v/u,VT)(TTOp, efyairrop 'Iou?, 8i a? kt\. Conject. : vecocrov evpov alvov yovfj, iroXvfivrjGTOp kt\. 538 iraXaibv S' eh typo? [xereo-rav arp. ft fiaTepos dvOovofiov, o-revcoirbv Xei/jicova ftov^iXov, evOev 'Ia> olarpov epeao-ofievov evyec kt\. 547 lairrei ft a a' 6Bbv Si alas dvT. ft fjLwXoftoTov QpvyLa? BiapnrdQ irepa Be Tevdpavro? aarv Mva&v AvBca irorl yvaXa Kal BC OpCDV JfLlXiKCDV Hafi9 7T0Ta/uL0v \ e? av- rav ' 'AcfrpoBtras irokvirvpov alav. iKvelrac 8* elra tcvay/jueva /3e\ei arp. y /3ovk6\ov ktX. The Suppliants. 15 From v. 549 : 'She passes Teuthras' Mysian city to Lydian vales, and o'er Cilician and Pamphylian boundaries, whirled through their constant rivers and deep soil, e'en to Venus' wheaten land (Syria). And then she reaches Egypt, etc.' 559 Xet/jLwva ^iovo/Boc/cov, ovt eirep^eTat TV(f>OVfl6VOV vBcop to NeiXov Tvcfrovfievov * swollen, muddy.' 565 ftpoTol & o'l 7a? tot rjo~av evvo/juoi %Xg)/?c5 Sei/jbarc Ovfibv 7)\S)Vt\ oyjrcv arfdr) kt\. 574 Zeus al&vot; Kpecov eireaTT] /cal vvv r\8e vocro? irpbs ft Lav a7rr]/jLdvTa) adevet, /cal OeLats eiriirvoiais iraveTai, 8aicpv(Dv S' airo- ara^ec irevO i/jlos a 18 a>9. iirea-TT) used of sudden appearances. See the lexicons. 592 a i) jap jrarrjp vrovpybs avTo^eip aval; yevov? 7ra\at6(f)pcov fieya? refcrcov, to ttolv fnj^avoppa^rjf; Zevs. V7T apices o ov ti<$ av uoa^cov to fielov Kpeiao-ovcov KpaTvvoc el 8e T(? avcoOev tffievov aefiei, kolt(o irapecTTiv epyov a>9 eiros o-Trevacov th>' ©9 8ov\io$ epei, (f>prjv. From v. 595 : ' Under whose protection anyone retreat- ing, though the weaker side, may govern the stronger. 1 6 The Suppliants. But if one worship him seated on high, below he is present at once to expedite one's deed and word, as the subservient mind desires.' — For airevheiv with personal object, see Soph. Aj. 1223 eairevcra rbv o-Tparrfkdrrjv 'Aya/jLe/jbVova. — Conject. : nrdpeaT oS* epyov to? ezro*?. In v. 606 (iU' 009 av 7}$r)7t' opocfrcov fiLaivovra' fiapvs 6° ifyl^ei. i Regarding Zeus as an inflexible avenger whenever a house has beneath its roof polluting things.' — 86/jlos is here for the city. For el with the opt. and av, see Kiihn. Gram., § 577, 1. £(f>L&w used of a hostile force encamped or ambushed in a position of observation and attack. Con- ject. : et tlv* av 80/1,09 e%ot, with fjuiaivovra masc. sing, in agreement, [yir opo^cov anticipated by Stanley.] The Suppliants. 17 691 TrocovofjLCL Be irpo&ara iroXvyova reXedot From irpo^ara came the Med. corruption fiporaToo; from TroLovofxa sprang irpovo/xa which is a vox nihili. \ttolo- v6/Ma anticipated by Hartung.] 694 6V7)fjL0V B' 67ri/3(t)l>T(DV Moucrat? deals aotBoi' 706 Baoivoo<; fiovOvTOicrt Ttficus. Why should the Oeol iy^opioi be honored with Apollo's laurel, according to the common reading Ba<\>vr)(\>6poL<; ? As for Bacfrvo^opots, it may be noted that forms in Bavo- instead of Ba^vrj- all seem late. The strophe 698-700 should read, as corrected by various scholars : (jyvXaaaoc TLfjLioiai, TCfias TO BrjfjLlOV TT)V TTOXlV KpCLTVVOl irpo^adevs, kolvo/jltjtls apya' 718 ayav /caXcos icXvovaa ? av el (friXr}, or ct>9 av y (frlXr), or C05 av ol iXov. 745 ttoXXoI /jLeXay%i/jL(0 crvv crrparcp. 765 ovBe 7reco-/jbaTcov acorrjpLa' 6? yrjv B' eveyfcelv ovB* ev ayKVpov^uacs Bapo-ovat vaojv Troifjueves TrapavTL/ca, aXXax; re zeal fioXovres dXl/juevov ^Oova, cb 5 eveic aTroarei^ovros rjXiov iXel wBlva TLKTeiv vvg fcv/3epvr)Tr) aro(f>S. From v. 764 : l Neither is the setting out of a fleet a quick matter, nor its anchoring, nor the securing it by cables. But to come to land, even when anchored, skippers are in no haste, especially when they have come to a harborless 2 1 8 The Suppliants, shore ; since by reason of darkness the night etc/ — Con- ject. : Tt? 8' ovk d , iroo~T6i'XpvTO<; .... vv% * what night does not etc. ? ' [For Aeschylus' avoidance of dactyls in the first foot of iambic trimeter, see Wecklein Prom. 6.] (775 .... yepovd\ rjfieovTa £' evykaxro-a) (jypevL re- minds one of Milton's ' old man eloquent.') 779 fieXa? yevoifiav kclttvos aiv(o. Cret. and Dochm. 830 opa rdhe ^>poi)na, irpo^eve, irovtdv See note. ftial6p(o<; vdio? xdv ya. Cret. The Suppliants. 19 835 aval; irporda-crov. 1 This pirate seizes me. Dost hear ? Why, ancestress, un- mindful of thy hare ? Again, though weak, again I raise my wretched voice. See these things, prefaces — .' — If we read in v. 830 opa (frpoifiia rdSe, irpo^eve, irovoav, we have two dochmiacs. 1 [The dochmiac in v. 829 ( 1 — ) is rare in Aeschylus. See Gleditsch, Metrik der Griechen und Eomer, § 102 (Iwan Miiller's Handbuch, vol. II). Despite Enger's protest in Philologus XII, p. 457, the second dochmiac proposed for v. 830 ( I w - ) still has its defenders, among others Christ, Metrik, p. 428.] 842 KH. aovo-de, aovad" oXo/juevai fioXeo/juev iir d/jbtSa. XO. el'0' dvd iroXvpoQiov crrp. dXfjbTjevra iropov 845 §ecnrocrL(p %vv vfipeu yo/jL eBpavov, tcC e'9 Bopv, drier dfi ttoXlv ov o-e/3ov. V. 847 : ' Though like a divinity on board of the amis, you may yet be turned over in the water.' — odtj a call to 1 After many hours' or days' endeavor to restore these lines, the thought struck me that we had here membra disiecta. I then set down the aptest words, turned to my Aeschylean Lexicon and found with delight every word there. Not till then did I think of the metres, and to my astonishment they seemed perfect. This was the work of two or three minutes. I could not have composed the lines in an hour. WVBR3IT7 20 The Suppliants. the sluggish, hfi ttoXlv the Egyptian state. [For the rarity if not entire absence in Tragedy of such an elision as that in dfiiBi (v. 847), see Kiihn. Gram. § 53, 5, C, and Jebb. Oed. Col. 1436, Appendix. Mr. Rogers has given no explanation of fypevlra or of v. 853.] 854 XO. firjirore irakiv IBotfi avr. aXfyea-'ifioiov vBcop evOev Begajiiva %Q)(f>VTOV alfJLCL jSp0T0i(Tl 6dXk€l r) yac aeu p au vyecos . ftdOp* ea, ftddp' ea, w yepov. 860 KH. (TV Br) vat vat ftdaei rd^a #e\eo? ddeXeos. ft 6a ft 6a iroWd. cfrpovBa ftaO* dvdftaOt, fir) TraOrjs oXofieva iraXdfia^ e'/ia?. Sense from v. 854 : ( May I never see the Nile, whence receiving its life-blood that ever-rich soil blooms for mortals.' The two chief facts of Egypt : the life-blood of the Nile, the constant renewal of the soil. — For fir) Trd6r)<$ TraXdfias, cf. Soph. Phil. 1206 pe%r)<$ iraXdfiav. 874 ftdpiv ovtc virepOopel, el fcal ftoa iriKporepa y olfito^ois ofico<;. In the antistr. v. 884 read oXtcr) yap avrij irXoKafiov ovBdfi d^erau. [avrrf already suggested by Todt.] 877 Xvfias era? av nrpo yas vXdcriceLS' TrepiyjpifiirTa fteftpd^eis 6a eptoras' 6 fieya? NeZ\o9 vftpi^ovr diroTpe- yfrecev aiarov vftpiv. ' You howl your contumelies abroad. With gnash of teeth The Suppliants. 21 you chatter (like a grasshopper) whatsoever you demand of us.' 885 ol ol ? ftdBniv avrjp 60 pel pu ekav. otototoI, 890 //.' ayei, pu ayec ftlav <\}OJ3epav diroTpeire, w ftovyeve? iral Zrjvo?. ' Father, even the image is seized. Spider-like step by step this man springs to snatch me. He drags me, he drags me. Avert this fearful violence, O oxborn son of Zeus (Epaphus).' — puaXBadyet in Med., v. 896 (—pudXa B' ayet,) is a stage-direction and not genuine. 895 pucupa ireXa^ BLttovs 8lXa<; BpLoytBa? ovrax; ' Arrange for yourselves your good maids in such way as — .' The fyiXat BpucotBes are the servants given by the king and assigned by their father to each as dowry. [An- ticipated by Geel.] 22 The Suppliants. 983 kcli jxov ra fiev nrpa^Oevra irpbs tol>? iyyevet? c£t\&)9, TriKpoi? $ rjtcovo-av avrave^LOV^' 998 repetv oiroapa 8' ev$vXcLKTOlXa ixarpl. Besides, no such relative The Persians. 23 construction as Trapeuriv H60o<; a r ovSev airapvov rekedei dekKTopi UetdoL is to be found in Aesch., nor is there suf- ficient authority for any but an active sense of airapvos. 1066 eS €VfjL€vrj fiiov KTiaas. ' Restoring to her a reasonable life, fiio? = modus vivendi. kti^cd is apparently the vox propria. Cf. Cho. 1060, Eum. 17. THE PERSIANS. 12 iraaa yap la^vs 'Acrcaroyevr)*; ai^coKe' kvqjv t* avSpa ftav^ei,. 6 The dog whines for his master.' Conject. 34 : %ovaio-/cdvr)<; \ iirl 7a? raycov Alyv- irToyevrjs. Parallelism with the succeeding names requires here mention of Sousiskanes' office. 102 Oeodev yap' rdSe Motp' i/cpdrno-ev to ira\aiov ' For so it is divinely fixed. These things Fate long ago determined.' — rdBe lost -8e and received #a- in com- pensation. 108 e/juadov 8' evpv iropev- fia OaXdo-aas iroXiac- vofiiva? 7rv€VfiaTL \d/3pa> io-opav ttovtcov a\o-o$ By the apposition of iropev/jua, ttovtlov akaros becomes less harsh. 24 The Persians. 144 7TW? dpa irpdcrcrei B<€pi;r)S fiacrikevs Aapetoyevrjs irarpoOev re vefjuwv L\oi Interpretation of 163-164: fir) /juiyas 7r\ovro<; koviv avdvBpcov = riches not possessed by brave men to defend their ownership. In 168 afjuefufrrj? is ' desirable/ the sense being : Riches national, like that of a family, are desirable, but need a guardian eye. ocfrdaX- /x,o? surely does not mean here Xerxes, as TeufFel thinks. 193 fv rjvicu? to 9 e%X €v € ^ a p KT0V (tto/jlo, cit>9 is causal. Conject. 214: o-coOels tT o/jlolcos ri]crBe Kolpavo? Xdovos. With KOipavos, yevotr civ supplied from v. 212 will satisfy Dindorf 's " futurum aliquod requiritur, non praesens." See his Lex. The Persians. 25 275 aXlBova o-GOfiara TroXvjSeKfrr} KarOavovra Xeyet? epea6ai 7T0)? aKTals hiifKaKecraLV. StVXaf is ' double.' The chorus refers to and repeats the herald's message of v. 273. — Conject. : irXay/cTot? iirl irkaiceo-GLv, with the sense that the deep-sunken bodies (aoa^ara TroXvftafyrj) after swelling and rising to the surface had rested on the low flats often covered with water — 'the weltering sands/ Or is it iray kolvoktl 7r\a/c€o-6peaaevwepvovxo<; the governor of a place assigned as dower (6pvrj) to the queen. 321 o t eaOXos ' Apco/judp 6 ^aphecriv irevdos Trapacry&v [Mr. Rogers has furnished no accent for ^Kptofiap ; nor does he alter Wellauer's Kapco/uLapSos in v. 967.] Conject. 329: Toiayvft apto-rcov vvv vire^vrjcrO^v irepr 388 irpwTov fiev r\X ei *eXa8o9 'JLWrjvcov irdpa' fioXirf 8' av€V(j>TJ fivo-av, opOtov 0* afia avTrj\aka%6 vwo-motlSos TreTpas 26 The Persians. From v. 386 : ' But with morning there sounded a shout from the side of the Greeks ; in song they raised it, and straightway — .' The song {^oXirrf) so striking to the Persian was the paean. With dvev(f>r) p,e(o cf. avafiaXko/jbcu 'to strike up a tune.' I find that Wecklein has antici- pated the emendation of rJX 6c - 443 oo-Ti? r avcLKTi itmttos iv 7rpcoToi<; del ttlcttlv iv 7rpcoTOL<;, the common reading, is extremely awkward. 532. a> Zev PacriXev, ct>9 vvv Hepacov g>9 dropped by transcribers to avoid hiatus. Note the frequent use of exclamatory a>9 in this play : 251, 260, 285, 472, 515, 519, 845, 911. Conject. 574: reive Be 8vo-f3av ktol^ \ j3oaL7}V7J levTO? rd iravaioK! al- avrj BvaOpoa fidy/iara ; fiapfidpcov explains rd in the following verse, and enables us to read in the antistrophe with the Med. 641 Baifiova jxeyaXav^rj. The Persians. 27 fieyavx*), while not without precedent, is unlikely. Conject. 648 : fj i\a yap /ce/cevOev 7]Qri. 650 dveirjs, *A'i86iv0S at Tpiatv€, /a a gov 8e vofjuta/jtara irvpyiva irdvr iirevdvvev. vocttovs 8* i/c 7ro\epbcov dirovovs diraQel^ ? ev 7rpd ear la<; avdei? fjbvpia? dvSpcov e^efyOivrac 1 How have the Ten Thousand wholly perished ! ' The transition from narration to exclamation relieves the tau- tology. The point of the clause is, not that 10,000 men had perished, but that the corps oV blite — the brave reserve corps (/ee&/a? dXicas of the following verse) — had been wholly cut off. So remarkable a word as §vo~ti<$ of the MSS., and that too in the Persae, could not have escaped The Persians. 29 the lexicographers. Further, the senses assigned to it seem to defeat the true intent of the poet. 949 yevedv yap dirrjvpa 'lavcov vav(f>pa/cTO<; "Ap?;? kt\. 973 loo loo jjlol, arp. ra<$ ooyvyiov*; ? dcnraipovcr eVl ykpcroo. 987 tvyyd fjbOL Brjr dvr. dyaOoov irdpoov v7ro/jLi/jLvr)(TfC€c<;, rdS aXaara GTvyvd irpoKaKa Xeycov /3oa /3oa fiOL fjuekecov evSodev rjrop. iirl %e/>o"<» ms tead of %epcr&>, as the locative dat. is not used by Aesch. [Yet see above on Suppl. 85.] rXdfjLoves is irreptitious. 1002 ^effaat yap roc irpoaupeTol (TTparov, \ » / >\ >/ 17) CT), LOO too, loo loo, haifiove? WevT aekiTTov Kaicbv 8ia7rpe7rov o'iav SeBop teas drav. 1007 TreTrkrjyiieO? olai K IvavTiai rvyai kt\. dvr. 1020 rovK tSer* olaroheyfiova The sense seems to be that the Persian army is no longer a bow, but in its flight a mere receptacle of the enemies' darts. 30 Seven Against Thebes. 1066 HE. /36a vvv avrlBovird fioi. XO. alencrbs 69 Bojjlovs Kiel,?. HE. to) Hep&ls ala Svo-ftaTos. A(J. (.77 *,?), n) t?). 1070 HE. Icb Brj kclt aarv XO. icb SrjTa val' HE. yoao-0' a/3po/3a,Tcu. XO. to) Ilepo-l? aZa. 1075 HE. 17 Tpccr/caXfAOLS rj fiapiaiv oXofievoc XO. Trifi-^rco roi ae BvcrOpooccriv 700^9. Thus every line is responsive in sense and metre. 1072 and 1075-1076 are dochmiac, the other verses iambic. SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. Interpretation of vv. 10 ff. : Two classes only are here addressed, viz. those below the age of military service and those past it. (The rest are in the field). The first class are few and of little military account ; the second are with good rhetoric reminded that they still preserve much vigor, in fact are mature in corporeal power. Commen- tators have overlooked this fact — that the speech is here rhetorical and artful. — In v. 13 I read copav eyovff eicaarTOv. 54 fcal reovBe itIctti^ ovk okvg? 'XpovL^eraL. Interpretation : i And the pledged faith of these (warriors) is not made slow (delayed) by hesitancy.' Seven Against Thebes. 31 83 aWa Siafnrepes irehov ottX&v ktvtto^ Dochm. dial XPI/JL7TT6TCU, Trorarat, ftpe/iec Dochm. hvcra^erov hiicav v8aro with long v, corresponds to /civvpovrat of the strophe. 146 (TTpCLTtp Bat(p (TTOVCOV CuXtIOS. 169 ttoXlv SopiTrovov fir) irpohodO* €T€p6$><0Vov €? arparov . The other compounds of BlSoofic, e. g. 7rapaBl8a)fii, are followed by el$. 175 XvTrjptoi y a/jL(j)L^dvT6\ey€iv xpeiav virep. Xpsiav v7rep ' needlessly/ XP 6 ^ viro yields no sense. 288 yeiroves Be KapBiav fiepifivcu ^Q)7rvpov9 Ti9 T6KVG)V virepBeBoLKvV e%tSz; tov djjL(f)CTetxV Xecov. Bpd/covra too 9 T£9 re/cvcov virepBeBoucev Xe^atW BvaevvijTecpa /ctX.] Seven Against Thebes. 33 312 ft) ttoXiovx 01 * Oeoi, rolat fiev efco irvpycov dvBpoXereipav KOLTCLV, pi^OlfkOV CLTCLV, ifjuftaXovTes fcolrr) i the sleep of death/ 333 kXclvtov $ avBpl rpoirov 7' wfioBpoirayv voixifioav irpoirdpoiQev Bca/jLetycu 8a)/jLa,T(DV arvyepav 6S6v. ^ 345 /cop/copvyal S' avcaraa-c' ttoti tttoXiv 8' Dochm. XV & ere. At any rate, if the common reading be retained, it should be ti>xV Be too (demonstr.), not Be rco. 473 kcl\ Brj 7r€7r€/jL7TTai KOfjorov ov x,epolv eyoav 509 dvrjp yap e%#/)09 dvBpl tS ^varrjaerai 520- crcorrjp yevoLT 6 Zet>9 iir do-iriBos rvyav. Not ' Zeus/ but ' the Zeus ' upon his shield. 560 efo) davova' rj tg3 epovri fie/jL^erai 562 OeSiV de\6vT(ov vvv aXrjOevaaL/ub eyco. Conject. : OeSiv 6e\6vrcov 8' ovv kt\. 576 Kal rov arov clv6l<; irpoaixokwv dBeXfyhv o8' i^VTTTid^CDV ovo/jlcl TLoXvvel/covs ftiq St? T ev reXevrfj rovvofju evBarovfievos /caker i And advancing toward thy brother he, forcibly laying the name of Polynices on its back (like an animal to be slaughtered) and dividing it in two parts, calls out, etc. — ' Conject. : e^opdud^cov ' shouting forth/ the scribe thinking of opdtos and v7ttlo<; as correlated and writing one for the other. [With 6'8' in v. 576 (axv/^ a Xo6k\€iov) one may recall Hermann's emendation of Eum. 137 t<£S\] 599 ev ttclvtI irpdyei 8* eaO' ofiikias fca/cf}<; kclkiov ovBev Kapiros ov KOfjuaTeos' "Att}? apovpav Odvaros eKKapirl^eTai. ' In all matters there is nothing which bears fruit (literally, of which the fruit is to be reaped) worse than association with the bad. The field of At6 Death reaps utterly.' [Last v. anticipated by Lowinski.] Seven Against Thebes. 35 627 ft>9 ttoXls eurvxv SopiTTOVa KCLK € KT p 6 7T OV (Xov yap e^Bpd jjlol Trarpos reXovcr* dpa reXelv intrans. and referring to reXelv in v. 693. 697 Xeyovaa /cepBos irporepov varepov fiopov, Interpretation of vv. 698-9. The meaning plainly seems to be : ' But you will not incur the imputation of cowardice by preserving life/ 699 fieXavcuyls S' ov/c elcri Bofiov aov ^pivvv^, evr' av X 6 P°^ V 6eol Ovaiav Be^wvrai. [For the form of the first dochmiac in v. 700 (if it be a dochmiac), cf. Suppl. 349.] 705 vvv o8e vol irapeo-raKev o8e Sc. fiopos, already personified in preceding verse. 732 oiroaav Kaipos 6t,/jL€Vois /care^eiv icaipos in its primitive sense. The corresponding verse in the strophe is Kardpa? fiXayfricfrpovos OlSiTroSa. 36 Seven Against Thebes. 736 /cal yOovos, lr), kovis irirj The interjection here is perfectly natural. 106 oo-re, fir) 777209 ayvav o-ireipa^ "Apovpav, avarpefyeiv pi^av alfjLdToeo-crav erXa. 766 reXe'iais yap iraXaityarois apais ftapelat /caraXXayar i Difficult is the conciliation (removal) of ancient avenging prayers/ 774 7T0Xe09 7TOXv/3 LOTOS T dlobV ftpOTWV 783 7rarpo6v(p X e P L T °v Kparo? eKvrja-aT^ ofipuar^' w? 6° eirXdyyOr) rkicvoicriv apaias ids [No commentary is given.] 825 irorepov yatpco, KairoXoXv^co iroXecos ao-ivov<$ r) tovs ktX. o-corrjpi, is irreptitious, explanatory of dcnvr)^. \acrivov<$ anticipated by Heimsoeth.] 839 r) Svaopvis a8e %vvavXia Bopbs i^eirpa^ev, ovS* direlire, irarpoOev evKraiav fyariv ( This duel of spears has fulfilled, not refused, etc. ? With a full stop after hopos the text announces mere truism. Who could doubt that a duel which destroyed two brothers — kings — was ill-omened ? Seven Against Thebes. 37 854 ttltvXov, 09 alev Bt 'A%epoi>T afjueL^erai rav aeiGTOVOV /xeXdyfcpoKOV vavaroXwv dewpiBa, vavv ao-riftr} ' XttoXXcovl, vavv dvdXuov ' That conductive Beat (timed movement) which ever crosses Acheron directing — .' [In Wellaur's text vv. 846-860 constitute an epode. vavaroXwv anticipated by Schwenk.] 889 T€TVfL/JL6VOL Bf)d* OflO- (nrXd^yy^v re TrXevpco/jbdrcov ovB' er iirl fyiXlq. Dochm. V. 891 is found in the MSS. after 883 by misplacement. 908 BiaXXa/crrjp 6'S' ovv fi o /jl rj 9 drep \v d reicovcra irao-wv dvr. Based on readings of Bothe and others. 968 la> irdXiv, Ba/epvre 9 fcareKTavev. dvr. 973 iftdpcov Toitdv rdS iyyvOev. arp. ireXas dBeXfyolv dBeXtyed. 984 BvaTova KrjBe ofioovv/jia. dvr. Blvypd re TpLirXci Trap alfidrayv. Str. : * Of such enemies these (bodies) here lie near (each other). Close to the brothers, the sisters.' Ant. : ' Sor- rowful obsequies of common title ! Bathed thrice with bloodshed (not tears).' 38 Prometheus. 995 lay l(b irovos. Vfjulv ii;7]fjLfievo$. BcofiacrL /cal %6ovi, irpb nravTtov 8* ifioi. /ecu irpoarco y ifjioi. hvairovcov /catccov. i/ioi in 998-9 shows that r/filv of the MSS. in 996 is in- consistent with the sequence of thought. 1004 lay it a the irarpl rrapevva). 1028 iyco 9 #a/ew9 Trpdaaovra^' eXOe rav6* clttclvt rjTrHTTdfjLijv. That he did not foreknow all things is evident from v. 268. 354 Tvcf>cova Oovpov, irdpo£>' ervfjua irpocrOpoeZs ; V. 601 is antistrophic to 581 irapaKoirov &)8e reipeLs. 791 7T/909 dvroXds Xoyo}ira<$ rjXiov crrpofiei ttovtov ireXo)(ra (j)Xoc r60 y vTrepyrjpoos (f>vXXd8os rjBn ktX. ore — toO* with the old vulgate. 'For when fresh marrow (like a plant's sap) springing up in a man's breast has grown old like himself, and there is no fight in him, then truly aged, in the sear and yellow leaf, he wanders — .' rt? or av0p(O7ro<; is implied in arepvwv. fjuveXbs l&oTrpe- o~/3v<; — the marrow has aged with the man. 42 Agamemnon. 94 (f>ap/j,a9 e9 is quoniam, quandoquidem, especially common after imperative, hortatory subjunctive, and optative. 105 ere yap Oeodev KaraTrvelec ireiQai fio\7rai<; d\tcdv (Tv/jL(f)VTOv alvelv The scholiast's ireiOec pe pbeKiretv shows that he read alvelv. [Anticipated by Jacobs.] 119 ftoo-fcofjuevoc Xayivav ept/evfjuova epjj,aTt,, yvla f3\a/3evra \oi9 yap eTri6ovo<; "ApT€/M<; ktX. a-rvyel Be Belirvov aler&v, aiXivov atXivov elire, to 8* ev vi/carco. i For if Artemis dislikes her father's winged dogs and hates their banquet, sing woe — '. Put comma after alercov. 140 Tocrov irep evcfrpcov a koXcu 8p6o~oiv, T(ov8 y aXvgiv av iropoi. For the indirect question els rlva xprj, cf. e. g. Prom. 659. Instead of irbpoi perhaps 7ropdov with ein understood, for which see Kuhn. Gram. § 354 Anm. 2. In v. 177 tg3 irdOet pbdOos devra Kvpicos eyeiv of the MSS. is to be defended. tg3 ird6et = toIs iradovai, da- tivus personalis. — In v. 181 put colon for the usual period after rfkOe aaxfipovelv. 214 iravaavefjuov yap Ova Las irapOeviov #' aXp^aros 6p- ya irep dp coy as eiriQv- fjuelv de/juis. ' For it is right (for me and others) to long for the help (aid) of the sacrifice even with passion/ not ' to long for the sacrifice itself 9 as the common text has it. Cf. v. 226. 218 eVet S' dvdyicas eBv XeiraBvov pevbs TTvecov Svcro-eftrj Tpoiraiav avayvov, dviepov, tot* ov to iravTOToX^ov (frpoveiv /jueTeyvco. ftpOTOvs Opaavveu yap ala^po jJLrjTeis TcCkaiva irapaKoird 7rpa)T07rr)/j,a)v. ( After he took upon himself the yoke . . ., then he changed not his daring resolve. For a wretched madness — the first penalty — emboldens mortals engaging in wicked plans.' — There is no early authority for the sense given by the ordinary interpretation to ToOev of the common text in v. Agamemnon. 45 220. With to ? Ti? rjXios, creXa? TrapayyeiXaaa kt\. ' More than sufficing to cross the sea, the power of the torch hastens on for joy (in lustre like a sun), having announced its gleam — .' — The scribe, seeing irevKrj in the 46 Agamemnon. margin (as an explanation of tV^u? iropevrov \a/n7rdBo<;) and a faint word like it in the beginning of the next line, imported it into the text. 304 corpvve Qecryj'iov yapl^eaQai irvpos. Trvp6LK€TO ktX. Aesch. uses elr a but once elsewhere (Prom. 777), eireura frequently and as here next after participles. Cf. Eum. 29, 438, 654, Sept. 267. 345 Oeols 8' avafjL7r\dK7]T0avraL 8' r) yovr) aToXfios t&v "Apr) 7rveovTcov ktX. I. e. r) yovr) ova a citoX/jlos irefyavTai. Agamemnon. 47 378 €? vfjievcuov, 0? tot eireppeTrev epei dov$ koto) Balfiova TpiTOv dp^ayov, diroXefiov dviepov Opdaos fxekai- vas fjueXdOpoLcnv "At6eip. 'As the creeping insect destroys wealth and silver-bought garments.' 975 TiiTTe fioc t6& ifjbire8co<; Selyfjua Trpoo-TaTrjpcov ; k a phi a Tepacr kottos iroTaTai Agamemnon, 5 1 fiavTi7ro\ei r cuceXevaro? dfitaOo^ douhdv ovK airoiTTvcrai, Sl/cav kt\. i Why this phantom ever before me ? My prophetic heart flutters and, unbidden, unhired, utters its mantic strain. Nor does confidence sit in my bosom to reject it as an obscure dream.' — Conject. : ifiiroBcov, ' Why this phantom standing in my way?' At any rate ifjL7riBco<; irordraL 1 firmly flies ' as it is usually punctuated is absurd. 1001 fjidXa yap ian ra$ orrp. 7roXXa? vy(,ela<; aopiaTov repfia' vocros yap tls a>9 yeLTcov ofjLoroi'Xps ipeihei, 1005 /cal TTOTfjuov evdvTropova avopo? eirai(T€v 000? a>5 a(f>avrov epfjua. Kai ta? av irpo xpn/jLaTcov ktwcticov okv(o /3a\7]9 eiravcr avarov. 52 Agamemnon. V. 1024 corresponds to 1007 of the strophe. 'Nor did Zeus without hurt restrain him who knew how to restore the dead/ eV d&Xafieiq of the cod. Fames, is an inter- pretation which has crept into the text. Interpretation of vv. 1025-29 : Did not Fate forbid me to report (as a messenger, epeiv) further the fatal action (to be done) by the gods, my prophetic heart would pour these things upon my tongue (av raft efe%et). 1090 iiMibQeov fiev ovvy TroXXa crvvicTTOpa crrp. avTO(f)6va kclkcl' fcdpra vvv Dochm. and Iamb. avhph? afyayelov koX iroBolv pavTf)piov. crfyayelov l slaughter-house/ pavrijpcov ' place of foot- washing' (with blood). 1095 fiaprvpiOHTi yap Tolab* eTnireiOofiai avr. fcXaiofjueva ftpe^wv (T(j)aya$ ktX. 1093 eoiteev evpis r) gevrj /cvvb<; Bi/crjv elvai, fiarevei S' ovv ov €vpr)r}<; arayoov, are icaipiq irrcaaifiOL^ %r)v dvvrei, j3iov Bvvtos e? yav. Agamemnon. 5 3 * Which for men falling with a deadly wound end their existence, the life-blood sinking into the ground.' For avvrco with infin. cf. Pers. 721. ^vvavvreu of the MSS. not elsewhere found. 1133 kclkGsv yap 80X01 7r6\v€7r€L<; rexvav 0ea7ri(p8bv <$>6ftov (f>epovo~iv fiadelv. i The wordy deceits of the wicked catise us to shun know- ledge of the thespiodic art.' 1137 to yap ijjbov aOpoov ttcl6o<$ eirey^eco. 1 For my collective griefs I pour out one upon another/ Conject. 1164 : ireTrX^yfiat 6° viral BrjyfjLarL . hvaaXyrj Teu^et? fiivvpa Opeofjuiva Opavfjuar i/iol kXveiv. ' Wretched are the snatches — broken fragments of song — that thou makest for me to hear.' Cf. Th. 835 erevga TvnJSu* /teXo?, Ag. 751 X070? rervKTai. 1172 iyco 8* eOeipav a>9 rctrf iv irehut /3a\co. 1 But I, how soon shall I cast my hair upon the ground (how soon shall my head be brought low) ! ' 1180 XafAirpov 6° eoacev rjXiov 7rpo? avroXa? it voir] Tt? tfgeiv were /cvfiaros Blktjv kX\)^6LV 7T/90? «7«9 TOV$€ 7Tr)/JLaT0S 7T0Xv fjuel^ov 'At sunrise, it seems, a swift rush of events will come — .' The sunrise though past is only just past. [ayas H. L. Ahrens, rj^eiv Theodore Heyse.] 1215 vir av fie Setvbs opOofiavreias ttovo<; (TTpofteZ, rapacrawv potfi[ocs apoi/iLOi,<;. 54 Agamemnon, 1252 rj K&pT aicpov irapeGKOTreis ^pvafioov ificov. 1254 ical yJr\v dirayyeKKeiv iwUrrafiai (pdrcv. ' Yet surely I know how to deliver the prophetic word/ 1267 IV e? ? opvi? o/3 TOV SpWVTO? eCTTL KCU TO /3ov\evO~CU 7T6pt. 1) ' I cannot advise. It is matter for action, and consul- tation may lie over (Trepi€o-Ti)J or ' is superfluous.' Or 2) ' It is time to consult concerning the doer of the deed, i. e. his apprehension.' This opinion is shared in by the next speaker since certainly * they cannot with their words bring to life again the dead man.' [1) anticipated (?) by Birklein, Entwickelungsgeschichte des Substantlvierten In- finitivs,^. 16, 1888.] 1374 7TW9 yap ti? i%0pt>k £X@P a iropavvctiv <£t\ot9 BoKovatv ovk av ttv/jlovtjv dpKvo-rarov <$pa%€i£v in/ro9 Kpelcraov eK7r7i&rjfJLa,TO<; ; 1428 \Liro$ iir 6/jLfjudr(ov ai/iaTo? ifjurpeire^' drierov ae %pr) arepo/juivav £ka>v TV/JLfia TVjJLfjLaTL rlcrac. Agamemnon. 5 5 ere of the common reading would suggest the distant future. But the chorus threatens prompt disgrace and exile. [Wellauer's strophic verse corresponding to 1429 is : aireSc/ce^, air erases' airoTrokus S' eo-77.] 1448 ev, tiepova iv rjfuv fjuolp' is plainly corrupt. Witness del and ariXevrov, (j)epov(T iv rjfilv, and confused inversion not to be paral- leled in Aeschylus. 1458 vvv Be reXelav Ova lav Trap a rots arp. oXXv fjbevoicruv iiravdlaaT^ al/ju avtirrov, TjTLS TJV TOT iv BofjLOLS epc<; ipbS/jLCLTO*; dvSpbs oltys. ( And now a final sacrifice (one that completes the number), by the side of those who perished under Troy, she crowns with blood inexpiable/ 1547 Tt? 8' iTTiTv/jL/3i,o$ alvov iir dvSpl 6el(p clvt. avv hcucpvcriv laXTov iv dXadeia (frpevwv TrovrjcreL ; IclXtov l shot forth, ejaculated/ 1467 o%vo~to jjlov aXyos eirpa^ev. 56 Agamemnon. 1481 r) jjbeyav olkct lkov haifiov? dp civ ftapvp/qviv alvels 1498 fine? iiriXrjOrj^ ' A[\co<;, kt\. The proper distribution of the adverbs requires a verb in v. 1 590. If the asyndeton be objectionable, read ov 8' ovv %evio-aaa/ce /loy^Ocov . . . Xvacv reXeiaOac. CHOEPHOROE. 47 tl yap Xvypbv ireo-ovros aXfiaros ire pa; 1 For what dark thing is beyond shed blood ? ' 61 poTTf) 8* iirio- Korel Al/ca? Tayela tovs p,ev ev cf>dec ra 8* iv fieTatx/jLLG) ctkotov p,evei, yjpovi^ovTa /3pa%v. Xpovu^ovra ftpayy (an oxymoron — ' they last briefly, or, awhile') explains both readings, axv an d fipvei; the former a paleographic error, the latter a marginal inter- pretation. With the vulgate eirio-Koirel, raxela is absurd. [eTrio-Korei rofc pdec O. Miiller.] 58 Choephoroe. 66 81 aifiar eKiroOevO* viro ^Oovo^ rpocf)ov ovo<; ireirrjyeVt ov Bcappoaq St' a yo 9 "Ato- hucufyepei Antispast and 2 Iamb. TOi9 ciItlois iravepyera^ voaw ftpvew. 71 OiyOVTL 8 OVTL VVfJL(f>lfC(0V eBcoXicov avr. a/cos, iropot re irdvres etc jjuia? 6Sov fiaivovres tolv ^epolv /jlvtTTTo\ei^ Oeol irpoa-rjveyKav. 79 Bi/caia /ecu ra /j,r) Biicaia irpeirovr dp^ac? ftiov ftiq epofievrjv alvecrai, iriKpov (ppevcov (TTvyos KpaTOvarjv . 130 \eyco, icaXovaa Trdrep' eiroiKTipov r e/j,e 9-clause. The conjunctions tj ... ^ are thus in their proper places. 224 o>9 ovt 'Opearrjv ratcrc? iya> ere irpovvveiray ; 7rpovvve7rco has thus its proper sense, 'to openly declare, to announce.' 232 cnraQt]^ re irXrjyds' old 6 a 6r)pLcov ypar)V ; 238 &> repirvov ofifia recrcrapa^ fioipas eyov ifioL' irpocravSa) 8' €t9 dvdyicas a 9 e^ec?* ' I address you according to the ties of relationship which you hold to me.' 291 zeal rot9 tolovtoi? ovre Kparfjpos fiepo? elvai /jberao-^ecv, ov (J>i\ocr7r6v8ov \fy8o9' f3a)/j,(t)v r aireipov ovk epdafjuevov irarpos fJbovf) Bi^ecrdac, ovre avWveiv revd' irdvToav hT citi/mov Kcttyikov dvrjcr/ceiv yjpbvai kt\. 1 That no father's friend (no man beloved of his father) should receive him for a sojourn or lodge with him.' ipa>/jL€vo<; = amicus. The last verse quoted (295) shows the singular to have preceded it. 315 w irdrep aivoirarep, tl o~ol (ftdfievo? rj tl pef«9 60 Choephoroe. TvyoiyH aveicaOev ovpicras ; evOa [\ov KOjjbiaeiev. v£v i. e. the chorus (speaking in the sing.) and Electra. 363 jAr]$ vtto T/oota? a>? T€L%€(ri, (t>0L/JL6VO$, 7rCLT6p, fier aWcov $ovpi/c/j,f)Ti \aS irapa X/cafidvSpov iropov iredayjro' Trapo<$ 8 Ik€T€v(o Kravovras viv ovtcq? Bafjbrjvac kt\. 'Not that thou hadst been buried under Troy . . . but rather I pray that . . . .' [The strophic verse correspond- ing to irapos 8' IfcerevQ) /cr\. is, in Wellauer's text, ri/cvcov T€ KekevBois eina-Tpe'TrTov alcova KTio-aa<;.~\ 374 fiei^ova (ovei$' ohvvai T0Ke V(Tt, $' 0/jLCO<; T6X09 TL06L. Sense from v. 382 : ' Zeus though thou sendest late venge- ance . . . ., yet for my parents — .' It is this specific declaration from Electra, that she wishes to see her mother punished, that emboldens the chorus to utter the language Choephoroe. 6 1 of vv. 385-392. [The antist. to v. 384 is : tcXvre Be rc\ 'XOovlcov rercpevai.^ 406 tBere iro\vKpaTel<; ye (j)6 Lpevcov dpd$ Bi-dochm. Antistr. v. 419 : irdOopev a^ea 7T/90? 76 roiv Te/copevow. 412 teal Tore pev BvepTOV alodVL <7ft). For elBos used of the human form, see Th. 507 ovr elBo? ovre Ovpbv ov6' ottXcov cryecriv paypTjTo?. V. 441 refers to the hasty burial without due rites. 454 tcl B' av crvv opya pd9oi<; 470 la) BvaKardiravcrTov a\yo$, Bcopao-tv eppoTOV. rcov S' atco? ovB air aXXayv eterouev, aXX air avrcov BtcoOelv epw alparrjpdv, 502 OLKTtpe OrjXvv apcreva (rraOpcov yovov. aradpeov is a ptc. i Restoring to its araOpd the male progeny.' " 01 TffB 62 Choephoroe. 532 Kal 7T&)9 drp(orov ; rj y^dpiv 7* airoarvyel ; Sense : l But how was the breast unwounded ? Did the creature reject the favor offered? No, it sucked with such violence as to draw blood.' This answer in v. 533 shows v. 532 must form a transition from Klytemnestra as nominative to the dragon as nominative. Further, ovOap is a late and coarse word for a woman's breast — especially unbecoming in the mouth of a son. 536 7roWol S* avrfkOov, i/crvcfrXcodevTes ar/coro), \afiTTTrjpd t* avSal ovcri SecnroLvr)? X^P iVy irkpnrei r eiretra kt\. ' Many rush up blinded by the darkness and light a lamp for the queen/ One feeble lamp may be blinded by the darkness, not many, as the common reading has it. 585 TToWh ]j,€V yd rpefai Becvd, KapTa Bvcr /jLa^rj . Kapra abbreviated into the kclL of the Med. 602 Lpevepei Bo/jloiglv (bad* avr. alfxaTtov iraXcuTepwv kt\. 684 €lt ovv /H6TOCKOV, Is re yav aei^evov 690 ovk olBa, rjjB' ol/covvra B' €t«o? elBevav. 693 KA. to? 7roX)C 7rco7ra /cafCTroBcov ev Keifxeva Tofot? irpoacoOev evo-KOTrois y^eipov p,eva. cfriXoov diro^iXol^ fie kt\. Vv. 693-94 are a natural interjection, prefacing the special case ical vvv ^Opio-rrj^. If eVft>7ra9 be read, the succeed- ing Kai is needless. 728 yQbviov 6* 'Fipfjurjv Kara rrjv ev^^ ■TolaS 1 i(f>oSevaac kt\. 64 Choephoroe. 740 Bofiois Be rotaBe irav /c a /ceo 9 e%ei ^rjfir}^ v 979 rjyyeiXav 01 %evoc ropcos. fjv Brj kXvcov i/celvos evcfrpavel vbov 750 ov e^eOpe^ra fjbTjrpoOev BeBeyfjuevrj. ot WKTiir\ayKTwv opOicov tceXevfjudrcov V. 751 is exclamatory. Cf. Soph. El. 1143 ocfMot rdXcuva t?79 6/4779 TTakai rpo(j)rj<; j avcoe\r)Tov, evidently an imita- tion of Aeschylus. Conject. 770 : (if the MSS. are to be departed from at all) /jurj vvv crv ravr ayyeWe BecrTrory areyq^' 783 vvv TrapcurovfjLeva /jloi, irdrep o~rp. Zev decov ^OXviatt'mdv Bb<; rv^as' rev^e julol /cvpiovs ra cr(o(f)pov ev ficuofievovs IBetv. Vv. 785-86 : ' Give me good fortune. Make me to see my masters wisely seeking the prudent way/ This, any- how, is what the passage must say. [But this construction of Tev%o) is not to be found in Greek.] 794 XdOi £' avBpbs i\ov irwiXov ev- dvr. viv ^vyevr iv dpjuuaorcv Trrjfjbdrcov ev Bpo/juco irpoaridei fierpov. rolov aq>^6/j,evov pvOfjbbv tovt IBol BdireBov vo/jll/jlcov fifj/jbdrayv opey/na. rolov with the first syllable measured short, opey/jua in apposition to pvdfiov. 806 to Be /caXcos ev kt alov . a> p>eya vaiwv arofiLOV, ev 809 a ce t v Bbfiov dvBpbs i Grant that the house hear its lord/ Dochm. Choephoroe. 65 819 «at docBav 7t\ovi\cov kt\. 831 Ilepcreet)? tg3S' iv typealv dvT, KapWiav a")(e6cdv, irdrep {yel /cpecov), rots 6' V7rb 'xdovb*; (fyiXocac tois r avcodev irpoirpdaaoav ydpw, 7T/0O? opyais XvTTpais ri6e\<$ fyoiviav "Arav evhodev rrjv atnov, ava%, diroWv fiop(p. Sense of the antistr. (addressed to Agamemnon) : 'And do thou, Ruler, keeping firm the Perseus-heart in his breast (i. e. Orestes' breast), and gratifying your friends in Hades and those above, adding to his dark passions a deadly Ate within, slay the guilty one/ — It seems im- possible that after the language of vv. 827-830 the chorus should go over again the same injunctions to Orestes. It would be a wretched tautology. For the view that the final antistrophe is addressed to Agamemnon, compare the addresses to Darius in the Persae, also in this play the prayers to Agam. by Electra and Orestes. 841 teal t68* ajjufyepeiv 86/jlols yevoir av d^6o<; SeofxaTOcrTayh avev tg3 irpoaOev ekicaivovTi Kal BeBrjyfievq). 5 66 Eumenides. 953 Trirep 6 Aof/a? 6 Hapvacro-ios fieyav eyjav fivyov %6ovb<; eircopOia- $jev aBoXcos, BoXiayv ft\ air to jjuevov %p6va) aOevo? diroi^eTai. Sense : Just as Apollo announced, so the strength of the deceivers weakened by time departs. 969 tvX9 ^ €V7rpo(TQ)7r(p K6LTac to irav ah ik a 6peop,evoi, ireaovcrav S' at KaTairTvaToi Kopai Tata? iraXaual iralBeq See Hes. Theog. 185 for the descent of the Erinyes from Gaia. 103 opa Be 7rX7iya$ TaaBe KapBias eaon. Eumenides. 6? 213 rj /cdpr arifia, koX wap ovBev opKta "Upas reXelas Kal A to? TrtaTdofiara. optcia I prefer as a substantive, though it does well as an adjective. Conject. 231 : fiercest, rovSe cor i/cei tcvvrjryeTis. i/cei for i/celae, i. e. irap A to? Opovovs, v. 229 ; as in Soph. O. C. 1019 6Bov KdTapyew rrjs itcel. 255 opa opa /^aV av Xevo-ae irav fJLTj XaOrj vtyBa /3a? 334 tovto yap Xd^os hiavTaia Moip 9 67T€fcX(0(T efi ifiirehcos €X €LV > 6 vaT & v ol<; iv avrovpyiais ^VfiTricrco, CXov eXjj. 1 When Mars (the armed man) slays his unarmed (quiet) friend.' The penalties denounced are surely not pointed at civic broils, in which we are generally unable to con- vict either party. 372 afjua yap ovv dXo/xiva dveicaOev jSapwrreGr) /cara(f>epco 7roSo? a/cfiav, ccfaaXep 1 7ra)9 ravvSpo/jLOLs /ccoXa 8vo-(f>6p(o<; radfj. 378 rolov €7r y avBpl Kvicfras p, vara pa) TreTrorarai, real 8vo(f)€pd rt? d^Xvs Kara Scbfiaro? a rj rat, iroXvo-rovos (jyans. 414 irpoaw Bifcatcov ov& eirco-Tarel defies. r)Be of the vulgate Aeschylus uses only to conjoin pairs of 68 Eumenides. things or persons, never to connect two verbs. For the correction of Pers. 859, see above. 429 aW* op/cov ov Be%aiT av, ov Bovvai 0e/u9. BeXei of the MSS. arose from SiXets in the next verse. 478 X®P a ^ €Tav ^ L<: * L0 ^ 6/c (f>pov7)jjLdra)P ireBoi irecrwv atyepTOV dXBavel vbaov. 483 av(o, St/Cdo-ras 6p/ct,ov$ alpov/j,ivr) , Oeafjbov, tov et9 diravT iyco dtfo-co yjpbvov. [Dated 1884 — not therefore anticipated by Wecklein, 1888.] 516 Tt9 Bk 7T0V TO BeiVOV ai) teal (ptpevcov eiricrKoirov Betjiavel Ka6rj/jL€vov, ^V/JL^)6p6l, (TG)(f)pOV€lv V7T O CTT 6 V (OV ,* Tt9 06 fir) rao ev afic Trapfi&Tav TiOevTa ttoXXo, 7ravTovpT ktX. 565 wXer' ateXavTos o{/to>9. Cf. Th. 1056 yivos a)Xeo-aT€ irpifivodev outg>9. 576 koX fiapTvprjo-cov rfkOov — €o~ti yap Bvolv i/ceTrjs oS' avrjp ktX. Bvolv of both Apollo and Athena. This emendation justi- fies the emphasis of ificov in v. 578. [This emend., to Eumenides. 69 judge from the page upon which it is written, must have been written many years ago and may perhaps claim priority over Heyse, 1884.] 631 airo arpareLCK} ydp viv dixireirXev kotcl ra irXelaT 6 fjuaifjuov^ €vapo$ Trapeo-Krjvwaev. 'Him having returned from the expedition and having accepted the bath for the most part associated with pleasure, she — .' Trapeo-KTJvcoo-ev is construed with two accusatives on analogy of the verbs of clothing. The baths were probably marble, and set in the floor, the one for cold water being last in the series. This Agamemnon is represented as having just received (iwl repfiara). [afiireifKevKOTa is also Heyse's conject.] 645 7re£pova, Kara re yav ol/celv V Dochm. drierov fivcros. 861 iatjt ef iv ovarii /cap8[a<; dXe/cropayv iv toI<$ €/jLol<; dv fiarpoKaaiyvrjrac. The words which follow seem applicable only to the Eu- menides, celebrating their new honors. We must suppose them addressing each other. 965 iravTi yjpovtp & eTriftpidels iiriPpiOet^ refers to their primitive function. ofiCkiais is the object, depending upon hri in composition. 988 dyvd cf}povov(Tt yXcoacr)? dyaOrjs 68bv evpicnceis. 1037 rifias KCbl 6v(TLa$ irepiaeiTTai, e'xocre 1040 iXaot, fcpaSiav evfypoves e? yav ) °" r P' Bevp 1 IVe ae/jbval deal irvpL^dirrcp \ ^' Xa/jLTrdSi repiTOjjbevai. fcad' 68bv S' oXoXv^are vvv iirl fjLoXirals. 1044 ? ir por tdirrei wtlvl IsJlolpd ye crvyfcarefia. oXoXv^are vvv eVl fioXTrais. Eumenides. 71 Antistr. : i To this treaty Jove dwelling here with the people of Pallas imparts his lightning as sanction.' [deal in v. 1041 anticipated by Hartung.] The following emendations by ^lr. Rogers prove to have been already made by the various scholars named : SUPPLIANTS. . 147 as Boissonade 685 dpare L. Schmidt 946 y6vov \ews Kauchenstein. *j2 Appendix. To the above list must be added those already duly credited in the body of the work, and there printed because in close context with other emendations in which Mr. Rogers had not been anticipated. APPENDIX Eur. Hipp. 545/. rav fjuev Oiyakiq ttcoXov ai^vya, Xeicrptov avavBpov to irplv koX avv/xcpov, ockcov ^ev^acf air elpecrias ktX. ' Releasing her from the routine service of the house.' elpetria = vir^peaia. Soph. Philoct. 678' /car a/MTrvKa Seo-fiiov ov, Bpo/ndb^ cos, e'ftaXev ' Whom he cast bound on the wheel as a whirling object/ In the antistr. v. 695 read diroKXavcreLev alfiarrjp6<;. 850 Kelvo Xddpa, /celvo fiot cttj p,r)vov i^cBov r l irpd^ets. olcrOa ydp cov avhcofxai, el ravrav tovtcov yvcb/juav tercet?, jjidXa rot diropa ttvklvoIs eviBelv, iriQov. 1087 co irXripeararov avXcov Xviras' co? air ifiov rdXav tl iror av fjbOL rb icar ctfiap €avfj, fifjvac KeWev oOev irep rj/cec iroXv Sevrepov C09 rd^cerra, a>9, evr av to veov irapfj KOva<; defrpoervva? cfrepov, T£9 irXay^Oy iroXvfio^Oo^ e- et>9 irXay^Sfi e^co = ut emigret e vita, irapfj from irdpeipbL. 74 * Appendix. [In Trach. vv. 144-5 : to yap ved^ov ev roiotaSe QocnceTat %o)/)0£? avarov ktX. Mr. Rogers was long ago anticipated by Reiske.] The Gospel of St. Matthew, V, 21-22. The ordinary text is as follows : 'H/covo-are on eppeOr; Tot? apyaiois, Ov (frovevaew 09 6° av (f)ovevarj, eVo^09 €GTCLL TT Kpl elV^, Mwpe, eVo%09 earai efc t^ yeevvav rov irvpos. The common interpretation of this text is very well given by Albert Barnes, Notes on the Gospels, vol. 1, p. 68 : " The amount then of this difficult and important verse is this. The Jews considered but one crime a violation of the sixth commandment, viz : actual murder, or wilful unlawful taking life. Jesus says that the commandment is much broader. It relates not only to the external act, but to the feelings and words. He specifies three forms of such violation : 1st. Unjust anger. 2d. Anger accompanied with an expression of contempt. 3d. Anger, with an expression not only of con- tempt, but urickedness. Among the Jews there were three degrees of condemnation : that by the " judgment," the " council," and the " fire of Hinnom." Jesus says like- wise there shall be grades of condemnation for the different ways of violating the sixth commandment. Not only murder shall be punished by God, but anger and contempt shall be regarded as a violation of the law and punished by him according to the offence. As these offences were Appendix. J$ not actually cognizable before the Jewish Tribunals, he must mean that they will be punished hereafter. And all these expressions relate to the degrees of punishment pro- portionate to crime in the future world — in the world of justice and of woe." — See also Wetstein ad loc. : u Ira- cundus qui ad maledicta etiam leviora prorumpit, Deo judice, tarn nocens est, quam vestro judicio is est qui a Synedrio condemnatur j qui vero gravioribus convitiis indulget, Deo judice, tarn nocens est, quam is quern vos Deo reliuquendum et aeterni ignis supplicio dignum ex- istimatis" To the preceding interpretation and all its modifications there stands the capital objection that it imagines a climax (composed of Rash Anger — Anger with wordy abuse — Anger with malicious charge) where no climax really exists; and to this end forges 'usus loquendi,' attributing to the words Raca and Mor6 significations that do not belong to them. They were words used lightly, much like their English equivalents, to those present as well as of those absent, where no anger (much less malice) was felt, merely as colloquial expressions of moral or intel- lectual dissatisfaction. Nor do they imply more than opyr), but rather less. For opyrj does not denote slight anger, such as does not break forth in words. 1 • 1 For the light use of /5a/ca, see St. Chrysostom, Complete Works, Paris, 1836, vol. VII, p. 245, 16th Homily on Matthew: rb f>aich rovro ov fj.eyd\T]S iarrlv vfipeats prj/J-a, &AAa fiaWou Kara Kal oi t?7 ~2,vpa>v Kexpy/u-svoi y\wrrr) panh \4yovaiv, oj/tJ rov av rovro nOevres. — St. Jerome, Commentarii in Evang. Matthaei, ad loc. : "Hoc verbum proprie Hebraeorum est : Raca enim dicitur kcv6s, i. e. y6 Appendix. The force of this objection was felt by Lightfoot (one of the chief fabricators of the received exegesis) ; for he says, as quoted by Adam Clarke ad loc. : " pucope, thou fool, which, how to distinguish from Raca, which signifies an empty fellow, were some difficulty, but that Solomon is a good dictionary here for us, who takes the term continually for a wicked wretch and reprobate, and in opposition to spiritual wisdom." But who could determine the force of a phrase of to- day by the usage of Chaucer's time ? And how can the language of Herod's time be interpreted by the words of the time of Solomon ? The truth is pucope and paica are identical in force and sense. There is no climax, and the passage should be amended thus : rj/covo-are on ippedrj rols apyaiois, Ov (povevcreis' o? 8' av (frovevay, eVo^09 earai rfj icpiaei. 'Eyo) he Xeyca v/juv, ore ira^ 6 opje- %6/j,€vo<; to) aheXcfxp avrov el/cr}, eVo^09 ear at rfj Kpiaet. ^ppeOv Tot? ap^alots' 09 S' av elirr) tq5 ahe\(f)(p avrov, ^VaKou, evo^o? co-rat rS o~vvehpi(p. 'Eyo) he XeycOy 09 8* av elirrj, Mcope, eVo^o9 ear at et'9 rrjv yeevvav rod irvpos. inanis aut vacuus : quern nos possumus vulgata injuria absque cerebro nuncupare." — St. Augustine, De Sermone Domini in Monte, cap. IX, 23 : " Probabilius est ergo quod audivi a quodam Hebraeo, cum id interrogassem (viz., the meaning of the word f>aica) : dixit enim esse vocem non significantem aliquid, sed indignantis animi motum ex- primentem. Has interjectiones grammatici vocant particulas orationis significantes commoti animi affectum : velut cum dicitur a dolente, Heu; vel ab irascente, Hem." — Wetstein ad loc: " Kaca vulgare ver- bum est apud Judaeos, quod non ex ira neque ex odio, sed ex aliquo motu vano dicebant, magis fiduciae causa quam iracundiae." As for /j.(ap6s, or pcopos, all Greek scholars know with how little anger or passion the word is used. Often indeed there is pity in the tone. Appendix. 77 The justification of the change I have made — by inter- polation of some words into the interpretation which in the oral discourse could be implied sufficiently by tone — is this : the words as they commonly stand yield no good sense ; but as changed, their meaning is admirable, and they become symmetrical in form with the context. [Had Mr. Rogers intended to introduce these words actually into the text, he would have written of course : eppeOrj Be tols apyaiow 09 av ktK., and tyco Be Xeyco, bs civ eiTry kt\J] ERRATA. Page 35, line 2 from top, read eKTpeirovaa for iicTpeirovva. " 35, v. 697, anticipated by Pauw. " 36, v. 766, read apcusfor Upcus. " 46, v. 308, read ewe it for eweir. " 47, line 2 from bottom, read Kepavv6s for Kepav6vs. " 48, " 5 " " , add the no. of v. 711. " 50, v. 777, read wivyfor wivcp. " 50, v. 949, read apyvpwv^rovs for apyvpovfirovs. " 53, first line, read ends for end. " 58, v. 130, read warep for wdrep\ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY BERKELEY Return to desk from which borrowed. This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. NOV 29 1947 •954 U LD 21-100m-9,'47(A5702sl6)476 720946 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY I •'•'•-•■:■ « • •,- ; , V ■.. .: y- •-.-,•