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Arizona Mining Company, 
 
 Its Mines, Property and 
 Organization. 
 
 1863. 
 
 
THE 
 
 Arizona Mining Company, 
 
 Its Mines, Property and 
 Organization. 
 
 1863. 
 
.2 
 
 .nil 
 
 X 
 
 Davison & Ward, Printers, 
 
 4.3 Montgomery Street, 
 
 Jerfey City. 
 
Arizona Mining Company. 
 
 Organized under the Incorporation Law of 
 the State of New York. 
 
 Its capital is divided into 30,000 fhares of 
 $100 each. 
 
 Its bufinefs is the mining of iilver and other 
 ores, and the production of bullion in the New 
 Territory of Arizona. 
 
 The headquarters of the company are at the 
 town of Tubac, near the overland mail route to 
 California, by way of El Pafo and San Diego, 
 and acceffible by a good waggon route of 157 
 miles in length, to the Gulf of California, at the 
 Ports of Lobos and Libertad. 
 
 The property of the company confifts of a 
 celebrated ranche, known as Arivaca or Aribac, 
 comprifing feventeen thoufand acres, on which 
 are found numerous veins of gold and iilver, and 
 it abounds in pafturage, tillable land, timber and 
 never-failing water. This property was famous 
 in the days of Jefuit miflions. They own alfo 
 the mines of the Cerro Colorado Mountains, 
 including the famous Heintzelman mine, named 
 in honor of Major General Heintzelman, U. S. A. 
 who fuperintended and cordially aided its early 
 development. 
 
 Over 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 Over $100,000 worth of filver has been ex- 
 tradted from this mine, while it was held by the 
 Sonora Exploring and Mining Company, of 
 Ohio, from whom it was purchafed; but, the 
 want of a Territorial Government, and military 
 protection, from the thieving Apache Indians, as 
 well as the lack of capital adequate to the effed:- 
 ive working, ^hd equipment of the mines, have 
 retarded the fuccefs which their richnefs in the 
 moft valuable iilver ores, abundantly guarantee. 
 
 The Territory of Arizona was organized dur- 
 ing the laft feffion of Congrefs, and its territo- 
 rial officers are now in the performance of their 
 duty at Tucfon, with full military protedlion, and 
 with power to call for more troops from the 
 commanding general of California, in whofe 
 command the Territory is included. 
 
 This Territory has an area three times the iize 
 of the State of New York: It is bounded on 
 the north and weft by California, on the eaft by 
 New Mexico, and on the fouth by Sonora, from 
 whence a large fupply of {killed, reliable and 
 cheap labor, as well as animals and agricultural 
 produce can be obtained. 
 
 Its climate is dry and healthy, and at all fea- 
 fons of the year favorable to the cheap procefs 
 of treating filver ore ufed by the Mexicans, and 
 called the Patio procefs, which is faid to be eco- 
 nomical for the treatment of the poorer ores, 
 while the richer portions are fmelted in furnaces 
 or amalgamated with quickfilver by the " Frei- 
 berg barrel-procefsy' or an improved "Wajhoe 
 procefs'' The 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 The main highway for the tranfit of fupplies 
 and products will be by the waggon road before 
 named, as extending to the ports of Lobos and 
 Libertad, and recently explored and reported on 
 by Major Fergufon, U. S. A. 
 
 This road is through a comparatively level 
 country, with numerous villages and a peaceable 
 population engaged in agricultural purfuits and 
 mining. 
 
 Up the Gulf of California to Guaymas, Lo- 
 bos, and up the Rivers Colorado and Gila a vaft 
 emigration and fupplies of mining tools and ne- 
 cefTaries are now pouring to the placer gold fields 
 and filver mines of Arizona. Six velTel loads of 
 fupplies and tools recently failed from San Fran- 
 cifco to one commercial house at Fort Yuma, 
 and in a few months when thefe mines have 
 been vifited, and their value known, it is not 
 improbable that like the Wafhoe mines the price 
 of Ihares now eftimated in tens will be counted 
 in thoufands of dollars. 
 
 In that northern region of Wafhoe, which is 
 no richer than the Cerro Colorado, Arivaca, or 
 Santa Rita diftridts of Arizona — mines which 
 were hawked about the ftreets of San Francifco 
 by men with bags of fpecimens, and fold at $io, 
 $20 and $30 per fhare two years fince, are now 
 paying regular monthly dividends of $100 and 
 %\^o per fhare in gold. 
 
 The Ophir Company (mining filver) yielded 
 lafl: year $3,840,000. The Gould & Curry, 
 about $1,500,000. 
 
 We 
 
{ 6 ) 
 
 We are encouraged to believe from the tefti- 
 mony of all who have feen the mines of this 
 company, that with energy, capital and judgment 
 they may be made equal to any in the world. 
 
 The analyfis of the ores by fcientific men, 
 confirms this view, as they are unfurpalTed in 
 richnefs, and the workings now extended in one 
 fhaft to about one hundred and fifty feet in depth, 
 where the vein is found to have gradually wid- 
 ened from three to five feet, together with other 
 fmaller openings made along the line of the 
 vein, have clearly demonftrated the permanency 
 and enormous value of the Heintzelman Mine. 
 
 A ftatement is hereto appended, made by Col. 
 Andrew Talcott, late of the Ordnance Depart- 
 ment, U. S. A., the laft Superintendent of the 
 Ohio Company, at the mines; different analyfis 
 of the ores, alfo fome extradts from various 
 writers on the fubjedl of this property, as well 
 as Arizona generally. 
 
 The mining for filver on the Pacific flope of 
 the Rocky Mountains has ceafed to be an ex- 
 periment, or a matter of adventurous fpecula- 
 tion. ' It is a legitimate and perfectly fafe bufi- 
 nefs, when condudled with ordinary prudence, 
 by men of fkill and intelligence. 
 
 The coinage of the Mexican Mint during 
 thirty years amounted to $453,665,367, and 
 Humboldt efliimated the produd:s of the mines 
 of Mexico up to 1803 at $1,767,952,000. 
 
 The Fagoaga family, according to Humboldt, 
 derived in the fliort fpace oi five months from a 
 
 front 
 
{ 7 ) 
 
 front of one hundred and two feet in the outcrop- 
 ping of a iilver mine, a net profit of $4,000,000. 
 
 In the mining diftrid: of Catorce, in the fpace 
 of two years and a half, between 1781 and the 
 end of 1783, an ecclefiaftic named Juan Flores, 
 mined $3,500,000 on ground full of chloride of 
 filver and of Colorados, The Count de Regla 
 obtained a net profit of over $5,000,000* in 
 twelve years. For forty years, from 1771 to 
 181 1, the Valenciana mines opened by the Count 
 of that name, yielded annually from $400,000 
 to $600,000, and in fome years $1,250,000 
 net profit. 
 
 Zambrano paid as his tax to government (of 
 one-fifth the proceeds of his mine), $1 1,000,000. 
 
 Zuniga, owner of the Mine Santa Anna, left 
 to his children $4,000,000. 
 
 The Real del Monte mine, which bears fimi- 
 lar ore to that of the Heintzelman, but of an 
 average yield of only $52 to the ton, has pro- 
 duced in five years, - - $1 1,823,803 
 The yield in 1853 was - - i>5 37*769 
 " 1857 - - 3,039.016 
 
 Thefe are fome of the refults of deep min- 
 ing in Central Mexico, while Humboldt, Ward, 
 Wilfon, Muller and Ehrenberg, all concur in the 
 belief, confirmed by the difcoveries already made, 
 that the northern mines would produce rich ores 
 nearer the furface. 
 
 The richeft Mexican mine at the prefent time 
 is the "Veta Grande." The product in metal 
 has amounted to 153,000 pounds Troy of filver, 
 
 realizing 
 
. ( 8 ) 
 
 realizing $2,117,000 per annum, which gave as 
 a net profit to the proprietors $856,200 per an- 
 num. The original inveftment was $750,000. 
 Befides paying this back, it has returned 700 per 
 cent, on the original amount inverted. This 
 mine has been worked over one hundred years. 
 The lateft accounts we have of it fay that it was 
 producing fome $200,000 per month. 
 
 The Potofi mine was difcovered in 1545, and 
 has furnifhed an amount of filver which Hum- 
 boldt eftimates at $1,150,000,000. The prefent 
 annual yield is about $800,000. 
 
 The Gould & Curry mine of Nevada Terri- 
 tory has divided among its ftockholders $1,- 
 528,800 in ten months, and at the rate of the 
 paft few months, $2,160,000 a year. 
 
 The fhares coft the original proprietors $3, 
 on which $149 were fubfequently paid as afTeif- 
 ments. 
 
 From the ist of July, 1861, when they flood 
 at $350, they rofe in the fall of 1862 to $6,000 
 per fhare. 
 
 The Spitaler Gang Mines of Hungary have 
 been worked for 800 years. 
 
 The mines of Mexico are innumerable, which 
 range from 1,000 to 1,500, and a large number 
 from 1,500 to 2,500 feet in depth. 
 
 The prefent Board of Dirediors have done all 
 they can to promote the beft intereft of this 
 company and place it on a firm footing. 
 
 Samuel Butterworth, Esquire, formerly in 
 charge of the U. S. AiTay Office in New York, 
 
 now 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 now in San Franfifco, has, at the earneft folid- 
 tation of parties holding the largeft intereft in 
 this Company, exprefled his wilhngnefs to take 
 charge of the bufinefs of the Company here, and 
 has now gone to examine the mines with C. D. 
 Pofton, the Pioneer of that country, and now 
 Superintendent of Indian Affairs. 
 
 John D. Maxwell, is the Treafurer, and 
 Charles Hopkins, Secretary of the Company. 
 
 The Company have fecured the fervices, as 
 Chief Engineer and Director at the mines, of 
 M. O. Davidfon, formerly Chief Engineer of 
 the Maryland Coal Company, lately Chief 
 Engineer of the Havana Rail Road in Cuba. 
 
 The indomitable energy, and eminent fcientific 
 ability, fhown by this gentleman in grappling 
 with engineering difficulties in the Cumberland 
 Coal Region, and in his control of organized 
 labor, his long experience, his knowledge of the 
 Spanifh language, and, above all, his high integ- 
 rity as a man, all combine to give the Company 
 aflurance of fuccefs, and an honeft adminiftration 
 at the mines. 
 
 Norman B. Higgins, a pupil of Dr. Genth, 
 of Philadelphia (one of our moft eminent ana- 
 lytical chemifts), who has had practical expe- 
 rience in mining and metallurgy, the conftrud:ion 
 of furnaces, &c., and great fuccefs in the deful- 
 phurization of ores, has been employed by the 
 Company to take charge of the metallurgical 
 operations at the Cerra Colorado. It will, I 
 truft, appear from the foregoing ftatement of 
 
 fadts, 
 
 B 
 
( lo ) 
 
 fafts, that the Arizona Mining Company pur- 
 pofes to carry on the legitimate bufinefs of min- 
 ing, and to fecure the beft talent and higheft in- 
 tegrity it can influence ; that neither the property 
 may be injured by unfkillful mining, or money 
 Iquandered in ufelefs experiments. 
 
 If a reafonable time be accorded for the de- 
 velopment of fo large a property, the Diredtors 
 of this enterprife are confident of obtaining re- 
 fults which will fatisfy any rational man. 
 
 W. M. B. Hartley. 
 
 New Torky i Dec, 1863. 
 
Appendix. 
 
 The following is a report made to the Sonora 
 Exploring and Mining Company by Col. Tal- 
 cott, in 1 86 1 : — 
 
 " Report showing the quantity and value of 
 Silver Ore yielded by the Heintzelman Mine, 
 how difpofed of, and where that on hand is fitu- 
 ated, on the ist of July, i860. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Sold and taken by purchafers to Sonora, - - - 3, 880 
 
 Sent by the Company to San Francifco, - - - 44,037 
 
 Sent by the Company to Cincinnati, - . . 1,400 
 
 Smelted by the Company, ------ 18,991 
 
 Reduced by amalgamation at the Arivaca Works of the 
 
 Company, - . 586,700 
 
 Total Sold and Reduced, . . - 655,008 
 
 Remaining at Cerra Colorado, ----- 129,500 
 On hand at Arivaca, - - - - , - 443,700 
 
 Total Ore on hand, . - - . 573,200 
 
 Total product of the Mine, - - 1,228,208 
 The 655,008 lbs. Sold and Reduced yielded the Company $45,010 28 
 Allow for Ore on hand $90 per ton, - - . - 25,794 °*^ 
 
 Value of Ore raised, - . - - $70,804 28 
 
 Note. — Except at great expenfe the area of 
 the vein that has been worked out, cannot be 
 meafured. Mr. Pofton, the Superintendent, 
 eftimates it at lefs than 9,000 fquare feet. Af- 
 fuming this to be corred:, the average yield to a 
 fquare foot of the vein has been about one hun- 
 dred and thirty-fix pounds of ore, and of the 
 
 value 
 
( 12 ) 
 
 value of $7 87. At this rate 1,000 lineal feet 
 of the vein worked to the depth of only fix 
 hundred feet, would produce ore to the value of 
 $4,722,000* 
 
 The accompanying fketch fhows the working 
 as far as acceffible at this time. All the work- 
 ing from the furface has been filled in. 
 
 (S'd) • Andrew Talcott, 
 
 Arhacdy July 23, i860." 
 
 A report, made and publifhed in the Mining 
 Magazine and Journal of Geology, Vol. XII, 
 No. 65, by Profeflbr Blake, late United States 
 Geologifl: in California, gives a fuccindl account 
 of filver and copper mining in Arizona, and the 
 following afl!ays of filver ores from the Heintzel- 
 man Mine. 
 
 The average of eight afl^ays are as follows : — 
 
 
 
 
 
 Value per ton of 
 
 
 Grains per lb. 
 
 Value per Ih. 
 
 2,000 lbs, of ore. 
 
 by Profeflbr Booth, - - 
 
 247.80 
 
 0.67 
 
 $1,342 00 
 
 *' " 
 
 a _ _ 
 
 87.64 
 
 0.2375 
 
 475 00 
 
 «i <« 
 
 Torrey,- - 
 
 51.99 
 
 0.16 
 
 322 94 
 
 i( (( 
 
 Locke, - - 
 
 79.10 
 
 0.2150 
 
 428 46 
 
 H l( 
 
 E. Kinfey, - 
 
 239.40 
 
 0.6483 
 
 1,296 60 
 
 •« *t 
 
 " 
 
 525.00 
 
 I. 4218 
 
 2,843 60 
 
 *' Mining Eng, Tubac, 
 
 345-33 
 
 0-935 
 
 1,870 40 
 
 ** " 
 
 li 
 
 520.00 
 
 1*4075 
 
 2,816 60 
 
 Total eigh 
 
 itafl*ays, - - 
 
 2096.26 
 262.03 
 
 5.69.13 
 0.71. 14 
 
 $11,395 60 
 
 Average, - 
 
 Si>4H 45 
 
 The firfl: afl!ay made by any competent author- 
 ity was done by Louis A. Garnett, of the United 
 
 States 
 
 ® The vein has been explored for a diflance of two miles. 
 
( 13 ) 
 States Branch Mint, San Frincifco, with the fol- 
 ing refult to the ton of 2,000 pounds : — 
 
 Silver- ----.---. 7,040 ounces, value $8,624 oo 
 Copper - - - - 278 pounds, " iii 20 
 
 $8,735 2» 
 
 Recent aflays by Dr. Jackfon, of Bofton, 
 showed the prefence of from thirteen to fixteen 
 per cent of filver, and thirty-feven to thirty-eight 
 per cent of copper. 
 
 He regards the ore as a ftromeyerite or fulphu- 
 ret of filver and copper. 
 
 Maffive famples of the ores, as they come 
 from this mine, may be feen at the office of the 
 Company. 
 
 According to Humboldt and Ward, the aver- 
 age yield of the mines of Mexico is two and 
 one-half ounces of filver to the one hundred 
 pounds. The value of ore per ton, of 2,000 
 pounds, is $65. Bmaro^t Llbrmy 
 
 The Ranche belonging to this Company is 
 thus defcribed by a report of the Engineer who 
 firfl: furveyed it : — 
 
 " The Arivaca has much beautiful meadow 
 land, fine pafl:ure on the Jow furrounding hills 
 for thoufands of cattle, live oak grows in the 
 gulches, mesquite on the hills, and on the lower 
 ends of the flireams it is thickly lined for five or 
 fix miles with groves of cottonwood, ash, wal- 
 nut, and other ufeful woods for farming and 
 mining purpofes, in fufficient quantities to anfwer 
 all the demands of the two diftridts." 
 
 Since 
 
( H ) 
 
 Since this time an accurate topographical fur- 
 vey has been made of the ranche by Col. A. B. 
 Gray, formerly Surveyor of the Mexican Boun- 
 dary Commiflion. 
 
 The titles to this ranche were examined by 
 Hon. Thomas Corwin, then an eminent jurift 
 of Ohio, and now Minifter to Mexico, and he 
 gave his opinion " that the titles exhibited to 
 him give the Company a perfe<5t fee fimple in 
 both the foil and minerals of that property." 
 
 A decifion of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States, in relation to the Maripofa claim 
 of Gen. Fremont, confirms this opinion. 
 
 The property is in full and undifputed poflef- 
 fion, and no advefrfe claims exift. 
 
 The accompanying map will fhow the pofition 
 of the Company's property in its relations to the 
 overland route and ports on the Gulf of Califor- 
 nia, the neareft of which latter is only one hun- 
 dred and fifty-feven miles diftant, called Liber- 
 tad, which is defcribed, in a recent San Francifco 
 paper, as " having been adopted by the United 
 States Government for the tranfport of the army 
 supplies to Arizona and the Mefilla Valley, and 
 the eventual grand depot of the increafing trade 
 between California, Arizona, Sonora, &c. 
 
( ^5 ) 
 
 WHIPPLE'S REPORT 
 
 Of the Explorations and Surveys of the Pacific 
 Rail Road, Vol, III, Part 3, pages 107-8, 
 gives the following extract : — 
 
 Father Marco de Nica's Report. 
 
 In the year 1539, defcribes the City of Cevola 
 as " fituated upon a plain, at the foot of a round 
 hill, and maketh ihow to be a fair city ; and is 
 better feated * than any that he has feen in 
 thefe parts. The houfes were builded in order,' 
 according as the Indians had told him ; * all 
 made of ftone, with divers ftories and flat roofs.* 
 The people are fomewhat White; they wear 
 apparel, and lie in beds ; their Weapons are 
 bows ; they have Emeralds and other jewels, 
 although they efteem none of much as Tur- 
 quoifes, wherewith they adorn the walls of the 
 Porches of their houfes, and their apparel and 
 veflels; and they ufe them inflead of Money 
 throughout all the Country. They ufe veiTels of 
 Gold and Silver, for they have no other Metal. 
 Whereof there is greater ufe and more abundance 
 than in Peru, and they buy the fame for Tur- 
 quoifes in the Province of the Pintados ; where 
 there is faid to be Mines of great abundance." 
 In the mountains, near the Valley of Tucfon, 
 
 and 
 
( i6 ) 
 
 and Santa Cruz, where I have located the Pinta- 
 dos, there are known to be rich Mines of Silver ; 
 and Gold is faid to be abundant. As the region 
 now belongs to the United States, it is probable 
 the Mines will be worked. 
 
 EXTRACT 
 
 From Lieut, Parke's Report of the Pacific Rail 
 Road Survey^ 1853. Vol. VII, Page 33. 
 
 In Appendix C will be found a literal tranfla- 
 tion of a copy of an Archive of the town of 
 Tucfon, which will afford fome interefting infor- 
 mation concerning that fedlion of the country. 
 
 It was copied from the original by permiffion 
 of Enfign Jofe Comaduran, M. A., who had 
 temporary command of that poft, previous to 
 the completion of the boundary line, according 
 to the provilions of the Treaty. 
 
 It will be feen, from a perufal of this paper, 
 that mention is made of many localities where 
 gold and filver have been found in abundance. 
 The inhabitants of Tucfon, at the prefent day, 
 confirm 'all thefe ftatements, and many rich 
 fpecimens of gold fcales and quartz fpecimens 
 were exhibited, and their localities defcribed and 
 pointed out. The difficulties of working the 
 placers and veins of thefe precious metals confift 
 
 chiefly 
 
( 17 ) 
 
 chiefly in the want of water, the want of proper 
 implements, and in the dangers to which "prof- 
 pedtors " and miners are fubjedled by the roving 
 bands of Apaches, who dwell in the mountain 
 faftnefles. There is little doubt but that the 
 entire fedtion recently acquired by the Gadfden 
 treaty is nearly as rich in Minerals and Metals as 
 California, and the conftrudtion of a rail or 
 wagon road, and the eflablifhment of frequent 
 military pofts, will ferve to develope fpeedily the 
 immenfe refources of this nature, which now lie 
 hidden in the mountain gorges, or beneath the 
 furface of the wide-fpread plains. 
 
 EXTRACT 
 
 From R. A, Wilson's '' Hijiory of Mexico^ 
 Page 387. 
 
 He fays, proceeding northward, we came to a 
 fpot the moft famous in the world for its pro- 
 du6ls of filver : the Mine of Arazuma. 
 
 For near a century, the accounts of the wealth 
 of this mine were confidered fabulous ; but their 
 literal truth is confirmed by the teftimony of the 
 Engliih Embafl^ador. 
 
 After examining the old records which I have 
 quoted, I have no doubt that the fads furpaffed 
 the aftonifhing report ; for in Mexico, the pro- 
 
 penfity 
 
( i8 ) 
 penfity has ever been to conceal rather than 
 over-eftimate the quantity of filver, on account 
 of the King's fifth ; yet is the King's fifth aBually 
 paidy on which all the eftimates of the produc- 
 tion of Sonora filver mines are bafed. 
 
 Arazuma (which, in the report of the Mineria 
 that I have tranflated for this volume, appears to 
 be fet down as Arizpa) was, a hundred years ago, 
 the world's wonder, and fo continued until the 
 breaking out of the great Apache war, a few 
 years afterward. 
 
 Men feemed to run mad*at the fight of fuch 
 immenfe mafl'es of virgin filver, and for a time 
 it feemed as if filver was about to lofe its value. 
 In the midfl: of the excitement, a royal ordi- 
 nance appeared, declaring Arazuma a "creation 
 of filver " (creador de plata)^ and appropriating 
 it to the King's use. 
 
 This put a fl:op to private enterprife; and, 
 after the Indian war fet in, Arazuma became 
 almofl: a forgotten locality ; and in a generation 
 or two afterward, the accounts of its mineral 
 riches began to be difcredited. 
 
 We have the following record in evidence of 
 the mafl'es of filver extracted at Arazuma. 
 
 Don Domingo Afmendi paid duties on a piece 
 of virgin filver which weighed two hundred and 
 feventy-five pounds. 
 
 The King's Attorney [fifed) brought fuit for 
 the duties on feveral other pieces, which together 
 weighed 4,033 pounds. 
 
 Alfo, for the recovery, as a curiosity, and, 
 
 therefore. 
 
( 19 ) 
 
 therefore, the property of the King, of a certain 
 piece of filver of the weight of 2,700 pounds. 
 
 This is probably the largeft piece of pure fil- 
 ver ever found in the world, and yet it was dif- 
 covered only a few miles diftant from the con- 
 templated track of our Pacific Rail Road. 
 

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