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EMBRACING
MENTAL AND WEITTEN EXEEOISES,
FOU BEGINNERS
BY
BENJAMIN , GREENLEAF, A.M.
-ooX»<oo-
BOSTON:
PUBIJSHED BY ROBERT S. DAVIS & CO.
NEW YOrtK: BAKER, PRATT, & COMPANY, NO. 19 BOND STREET.
CHICAGO: JANSEN, MCCLURG, & COMPANY.
DUBUQUE: GROSVENOR & HARGER.
1880.
©L^JATIOJ lIBSi GREENLEAF'S '
NEW OOMPEEHENSIYE SEEIES.
XN ZXTIRELT KEW JfATHEMATICAL COURSE, ANALYTICAL AND PRACTICAL,
PROGRESSIVE AND SCIENTIFIC, FULLY ADAPTED TO THE
BEST METHODS OF MODERN INSTRUCTION.
KEW PRIMAKY ARITHMETIC, KEW ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA,
KEW ELEMENTARY ARITHMETIC, NEW HIGHER ALGEBRA,
NEW PRACTICAL ARITHMETIC, ELEMENTS OF GEOMETRY,
ELEMENTS OF TRIGONOMETRY.
/
UNIFOEMITY AEITHMETICAL SEEIES.
GREEXLEAP'S NEW PRBIARY ABITHMETIC.
GREEXLEAP'S NEW INTELLECTUAL ARITHMETIC
GREENLEAE'S COMMON SCHOOL ARITHMETIC.
GREENLEAE'S NATIONAL ARITHMETIC.
£duc. Libt
< •»» » '
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, and in the year 1861, by
BENJAMiy GRE EXLEAF,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the 3-ear 1872, by
LUC RETT A K. GREENLEAF, Widow of Benjamin Greenleaf,
In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
BIVKRSIDB, OASHiRIDOB:
PamTBD BT H 0. HOUGHTON AND OOUPANT
}!/./• ifio, I GTFT
\Q2>o
PREFACE. 6D--p
-•o*-
'HE object of this primary book is to teach ttie pupil
how to think, and to enable him, by an almost im-
perceptible gradation of thought, to advance from
the simplest forms of reasoning to the more vigor-
ous exercises of the mind.
Hence, no arbitrary rules have been introduced, and
only such hints and suggestions, with occasional formulae
of reasoning, as were considered absolutely necessary for
the profitable study of the lessons.
In order that the reasoning of some of the principal
processes might be the more apparent to the beginner,
pictures of objects have been, to some extent, introduced.
After these, counters are employed, as unit marks; and
then follow lessons without any such aids, that the learner
may early acquire the habit of depending upon mental
resources alone for the solution of problems.
The numerous Pictorial Illustrations of the present
edition have been designed and engraved, by skilful ai •
tists, especially for this work.
In this edition, the exercises in Written Arithmetic
have been extended, and other improvements introduced,
with a view of fully adapting the work to the present
demands of the best primary schools.
3
088
TO TEACHERS.
-»o*-
%
t/Jr HE lessons assigned to the learner should never be
longer than will admit of being thoroughly prepared
for recitation.
The better to secure the attention of each member of
the class, and elicit earnestness of thought, the questions
should be read to the whole class, and each pupil taught
to be in readiness, in whatever order called upon, to give
promptly the solution required.
The solutions should be uniformly according to such
forms as are deemed by the teacher the neatest and best.
The greatest care should be observed to have them always
expressed in language entirely accurate, and pronounced
in a clear and distinct manner.
Frequent reviews, especially of the tables, will alone
give thoroughness. In general, with a lesson in advance,
it will be advantageous to assign some portion pre\dously
gone over, as a review.
Every term, or process, connected with any of the
lessons, which the beginner may be likely not readily to
understand, the intelligent teacher will not need to be
reminded, should be clearly explained to the pupil, before
assignincr the lesson.
4
NEW
Primary Arithmetic.
LESSOR I.
How many thumbs have you on each hand?
How many hands have you? How many eyes?
If you wish to know how many fingers you have,
what must you do? I must count them.
What, then, is counting? Counting is finding how
many there are of things.
In counting, what is a single thing called? One.
What is a number ? A . Number is one, or more
than one.
5
PRTMAKT
LESSON II.
Count the pears in each row^ from left to right, and
tell the number.
One.
One, two.
One, two, three.
One, two, three, four.
One, two, three, etc.
6
%^ %a/ C-/ ^^ ^^
66666 6
One.
Two.
Three.
Pour.
Five.
Six.
Seven.
Eight.
Nine.
Ten.
d
O
o
Eh
o
o
u
•
o
•
o
.a
EH
^
Ph
CQ
o
o
+3
©
o
Eh
Count the pears in each row, from the top downward.
How many pears are there in the second row from
the top?
How many pears are there in the next to the lowest
row?
ARITHMETIC.
LESSON III.
&^i;s*i«^g^>~S5S^?^^^.ig^sJSSKsS^
Answer the
in the picture
How many
How many
How many
How many
How many
How many
How many
How many
How many
Count from
Count from
Count from
following questions by counting the balls
of the Numeral Frame : —
balls are one ball and one ball?
balls are two balls and one ball?
balls are three balls and one ball?
balls are four balls and one ball?
balls are five balls and one ball?
l)alls are six balls and one ball ?
balls are seven balls and one ball?
balls are eight balls and one ball?
balls are nine balls and one ball?
one to five. From two to six.
one to seven. From three to seven,
seven to ten. From one to ten.
8 PRIMARY
LESSON lY.
Count ten books. Count ten chickens.
What do one, two, three, etc., express? Numbers.
How, then, can you express numbers? By words.
AVhat is another method of expressing numbers? By
certain marks called Figures.
How many different figures are used in expressing
numbers ? Ten.
Make on the slate the figure 1 for one ; 2 for two ,
3 for three : 4 for four : 5 for five.
Make on the slate the fio-ure 6 for six : 7 for seven ;
8 for eight; 9 for nine.
Make on the slate for no number.
AVhat is the called? Cipher, Zero, or Naught.
Write on the slate and read the following figures : —
2, 3, 6, 7, 0, 4.
Write on the slate and read the following figures : —
8, 9, 1, 0, 5, 6.
What is one of any kind called ? A Unit.
How many ones or units are one ten? Ten.
How can you express one ten by figures? By writ-
inor the fio-ure 1 with on the ricrht : thus, 10.
For what, then, does the fio;ure 1, with at the right,
stand? One ten, or ten.
Write on the slate and read, —
9, 8, 7, 10, 6, 3.
ARITHilETIC
LESSON V.
1. Here is a picture of some bees; count the number
of bees about each hive.
2. How many bees are there about both hives?
3. If there are ten bees about each hive, and twenty
about both, how many, then, are two tens?
4. How can you express twenty by figures? By
writing the figure 2 with on the right: thus, 20.
5. How many roses are ten roses and one rose?
6. Make the figures 11 for eleven ; 12 for twelve ;
13 for thirteen: 11 for fourteen; 15 for fifteen.
7. How many are fourteen and one? fifteen and one?
sixteen and one? seventeen and one? eighteen and one?
nineteen and one?
8. Make the fiofures 16 for sixteen: 17 for seven-
teen; 18 for eighteen; 19 for nineteen.
9. Write and read the following figures : —
11, IS, 17, 14, 1^, 18.
xo
PRIMARY
LESSOIf VI.
1. 1 horse and 1 horse are how many horses?
How many are 1 and 1 ?
2. 1 vessel and 2 vessels are how many vessels?
How many are 1 and 2?
3. A cat caught 1 mouse in the cellar and 3 mice
in the pantry. How many mice did she catch in all?
4. Jane put 1 cup on the table, and her sister put
on 4 more. How many cups did they both put on
the table?
How many are 1 and 4?
5. John set out 1 tree, and James set out 5.
many did they both set?
How many are 1 and 5?
How
£-?*■
ARITHMETIC.
11
6. Here is a picture of some
acorns. How many acorns are
1 acorn and 6 acorns?
How many are 1 and 6?
7. Henry has 1 acorn and
Edward has 7. How many
acorns have they both?
How many are 1 and 7?
8. Ellen and 8 other girls are at play. How many
girls are at play?
How many are 1 and 8?
9. 1 snow-bird and 9 yellow-birds are sitting on a
branch. How many birds are there in all?
How^ many are 1 and 9?
10. Recite the table : —
1 and 1 are 2.
1 afid 2 are 3.
1 and 3 are 4.
* 1 and 4 are 5.
1 and 5 ai*e 6.
1 and 6 are 7.
1 and 7 are 8.
1 and 8 are 9.
1 and 9 are 10.
1 and 10 are 11.
12
PRIMARY
LESSON YII.
1. George had 2 clusters of grapes, and his father
gave him another. How many clusters had he then?
How many are 2 and 1 ?
2. In one yard there are 2 pigs, and m another there
are 2. How many pigs are in both yards?
How many are 2 and 2?
3. 2 baskets and 3 baskets are how many?
How many are 2 and 3 ?
4. A merchant sold 2 pitchers at one time, and 4
pitchers at another time. How many did he sell in all?
How many arc 2 and 4 ?
5. 2 apples and 5 apples are how many?
How many are 2 and 5?
ARITHMETIC.
13
6. Edwin has 2 tops, and George has 6.
have they both?
How many are 2 and 6 ?
How many
7. 2 flowers and 7 flowers are how many flowers?
How many are 2 and 7?
#
^
8. How many are 2 parasols and 8 parasols?
How many are 2 and 8 ?
9. How many are 2 soldiers and 9 soldiers?
How many are 2 and 9 ?
w J
10. Recite the table : —
2 and 1 are 3.
2 and 2 are 4.
2 and 3 are 5.
2 and 4 are 6.
2 and 5 are 7.
2 and 6 arc 8.
2 and 7 are 9.
2 and 8 arc 10.
2 and 9 are 11.
2 and 10 are 12.
14
PEIMARY
LESSOIT YIII.
1. Arthur had 3 lambs, and his brother gave him 1
more. How many lambs had he then?
How many are 3 and 1?
2. 3 sloops began to sail on the lake, and soon after
3 more. How many were then sailing?
How many are 3 and 3?
3. 3 tumblers and 5 tumblers are how many tum-
blers ?
How many are 3 and 5?
e
4. 3 bees and 7 bees are how many bees?
How many are 3 and 7?
J^i
^ ^^Z-
'j
■^4^
^
5. Becitc the table : —
3
3
3
3
3
and
and
and
and
and
1
2
3
4
5
are
are
4.
5.
are 6.
are 7.
are §.
3 and 6 are 9.
3 and 7 are 10.
3 and 8 are 11.
3 and 9 are 12.
3 and 10 are 13.
ARITHMETIC.
15
LESSON IX.
1. 4 rabbits are in one place, and 2 in another,
/nany in all ? ,
,** How many are 4 and 2 ? ^
Ho^
2. Frank has 4 pears, and Charles has 4 more. Hov
many pears have both ?
How many are 4 and 4 ?
3. 4 locks and 5 locks are how many locks ?
How many are 4 and 5 ?
4. Henry has 4 flags, and Charles has 6. How many
flags have both ? ^
How many are 4 and 6 ?
5. Recite thVtabl*: —
4 and 1 are 5.
4 and 2 are 6.
4 and 3 ara J.
4 am 4 are 8.
4 and 5 are 9.
J4 and 6 are 10.
r^J'^aiJ^ 7 are 11.
4 and '^Itre- 12.
4 and 9 are 13.
4 and 10 are 14.
16
PRIMARY
LESSON X.
1. James has caught
5 trouts. If he should
catch 1 more, how
many trouts would he
have caught ?
How many are 5
and 1 ?
2. Five trouts and 2
trouts are how many
trouts ?
How many are 5
and 2?
3. How many peaches are
5 peaches and 4 peaches?
How many are 5 and 4?
4. There are 5 peaches in
one plate and 6 in another.
How many are there in both?
^ How many ^ re,^ -and 6?
5. There are 5 peaches in one plate and 7 in another
J3ow many are there in both?
How many are 5 and 7?
6. Recite the table : —
5 and 1 are 6.
5 and 2 are 7.
5 and 3 are 8.
5 and 4 are 9.
5 and 5 are 10.
5 and 6 are 11.
5 and 7 are 12.
5 and 8 are 13.
5 and 9 are 14.'
5 and 10 are 15.
ARITHMETIC.
LESSON XI.
1. Six girl^ and 2 girls are how many girls?
How many are 6 and 2 ?
2. John caught 6 fishes, and Daniel caught 5 fishes.
How many fishes did both catch ?
How many are 6 and 5 ?
3. In one place there are 6 birds and in another 10.
How many are there in both
places ?
How many are 6 and
10?
'£S^
4. Recite the table
6 and 1 are 7.
6 and 6 are 12
6 and 2 are 8.
6 and 7 are 13
6 and 3 are 9.
6 and 8 are 14
6 and 4 are 10.
6 and 9 are 15
6 and 5 are 11.
6 and 10 are 16
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
Write and read : —
(5.)
(6.)
0')
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
6
11
10
3
16
7
9
16
17
U
6
8
12
13
2
15
1
20
19
4
18
9
18
PRIMARY
LESSON XII.
1. How many bees are 7 bees and 2 bees?
How many are 7
'^ ^'^i 1^^^' ^v^ ^V ^^^ 2 ?
2. How many bees are 7 bees and
llyyj ^^^ 4 bees? How many are 7 and 4?
8. Recite the table : —
7 and 1 are 8. 7 and 6 are 13.
7 and 2 are 9. 7 and 7 are 14.
7 and 3 are 10. 7 and 8 are 15.
7 and 4 are 11. 7 and 9 are 16.
7 and 5 are 12. 7 and 10 are 17.
2.
chairs
LESSOl^ XIII.
1. Albert paid 8 dollars for a globe, and 3
dollars for taking lessons on it. How much
did he pay in all?
How many are 8 and 3 ?
Paid 8 dollars for a table, and 9 dollars for some
. How many dollars did both cost?
How many are 8 and 9?
Recite the table : —
8 and 1 are 9.
8 and 2 are 10.
8 and 3 are 11.
8 and 4 are 12.
8 iind 5 are 13.
8 and 6 are 14.
8 and 7 are 15.
8 and 8 are 16.
8 and 9 are 17.
8 and 10 are 18.
ARITHxMETIC.
VJ
LESSON XIY.
1. Rufus one day rode 9
miles, and the next day 7
miles. How many miles did
he ride both days?
IIow many are 9 and 7 V
2. Susan found on one
rose-bush 9 roses, and on
another 10 roses. How many
did she find on both bushes ?
How many are 9 and 10?
Recite the table : —
9 and 1 are 10.
9 and 2 are 11.
9 and 3 are 12.
9 and 4 are 13.
9 and 5 are 14.
9 and 6 are 15.
9 and 7 are 16.
9 and 8 are 17.
9 and 9 are 18.
9 and 10 are 19.
LESSON XV.
1. Alice saw 10 butterflies in the fore-
noon, and 6 in the afternoon. How many
butterflies did she see in all?
2. Edwin had 10 marbles, and bought 10 more. How
many then had he?
3. Recite the table : —
10 and 1 are 11.
10 and 2 are 12. •
10 and 3 are 13.
10 and 4 are 14.
10 and 5 are 15.
10 and 6 are 16.
10 and 7 are 17.
10 and 8 are 18.
10 and 9 arc 19.
10 and 10 are. 20.
20
PRIMARY
LESSON XVI.
3 and 5?
7 and 4 ?
6 and 5 ?
9 and 1 ?
Why 14?
1. How many are 2 and 5 ?
2. How many are 4 and 7 ?
3. How many are 5 and 6 ?
4. How many are 8 and 2 ?
5. How many are 10 and 4 ?
Ans. Because fO and 4- make /4.
6. A car containing 7 persons took in 5 more. How
many did the car then contain? Why?
7. How many peaches are 9 peaches and 8 peaches ?
Why?
8. What is the finding of a number equal to two
more numbers called? Addition.
9. What is the number which is equal to two or
more numbers called? Their Sum.
10. What is the sum of 4 and 3? Of 7 and 5?
11. What is the sum of 5 and 4 ? Of 6 and 2 ?
12. Add 4 and 3. 5 and 4. 7 and 6.
WRITTEN
EXERCISES,
Write and add : —
-
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
6
7
4
9
6
U
2
1
3
1
3
3
um, 7
10
17
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
(24.)
6
9
7
8
6
13
1
5
3
6
4
ARITHMETIC.
H
LESSON XYII.
4 and 5? 4 and 7?
5 and 1? 5 and 2?
6 and 2?
7 and 0?
1. 2 pigs are eating their supper, and 1 has had his
and gone away. How many pigs are theie in all?
2. How many are 3 and 0? 3 and 6? 3 and 3?
3 and 5? 3 and 8?
3. How many are 4 and 4?
4 and 6? 4 and 10?
4. How many are 5 and 5?
5 and 8? 5 and 6?
5. How many are 6 and 1?
6 and 8? 6 and 9?
6. How many are 7 and 2?
7 and 5? 7 and 8? 7 and 10?
7. How many are 8 and 1 ? 8 and 2 ?
8 and 8? 8 and 10?
8. How many are 9 and 3 ? 9 and 5 ?
9 and 7? 9 and 6? 9 and 10?
9. How many are 10 and ? 10 and 1 ? 10 ani
2? 10 and 5? 10 and 10?
10. Levi had 6 cents, and his father gave him 6
more. How many cents then had he? Why?
11. Charles has in one pocket 7 chestnuts, and in the
other 9 more. How many has he in both?
12. In a park there were seen 4 squirrels running on
the ground, and 10 on the trees. How many squirrels
were there in all?
6 and 7?
7 and 3?
8 and 4?
9 and 8?
22
P R I :M A R Y
LESSOl^' XYIII.
1. Here is a picture of a lively scene. See what a
collection of bii'ds. both on the ground and on the fence.
Count and tell how many there ai^e on the ground.
2. Count and tell how many there are on one of the
rails.
3. Count and tell how many there are on the two
rails.
4. Count and tell how many there are on the gi^ound
and on one of the rails.
5. Count and tell how many there are on the ground
and on both rails.
6. How can you express thirty by figures ? By writ-
ing the figure 3 with on the right of it: thus, SO-
7. What, then, does the figm*e 3, with on its right,
represent? Three tens, or thii'ty.
8. Write the figures which stand for thirty.
ARTTH.METIC.
23
9. How can you express thirty-two by figures? By
u-ritiiig 3 and 2, side by side; thus, 32.
10. What do the figures thus written expres? "*
Three tens and two, or thirty-two.
11. Write the figures which stand for thirty-two.
12. How can you express thirty-three by figures?
By writing 3 and 3, side by side; thus, 33.
13. What do the figures thus written express?
Three tens and three, or thirty-three.
14. Write the figures which stand for thirty-three.
15. How can you expi'ess forty by figures ? By writ-
ing 4 and 0, side by side ; thus, 40-
16. What do the figures thus written express?
Four tens and no ones or units, or forty.
17. Write the figures Avhich stand for forty.
18. Write and read the figures of the following ta-
ble : —
Nrnnber.
rnntea
figures.
w ritcen
figures.
Number.
rrmxea
figures.
writi
figure
Twenty-one,
21
21
Thirty-one,
31
31
Twenty-two,
22
22
Thirty-two,
32
32
Twenty-three,
23
23
Thirty-tkree,
33
33
Twenty-four,
24
24
Thirty-four,
34
34
Twenty-five,
25
25
Thirty-five,
35
35
Tv/'enty-six,
26
26
Thirty-six,
36
36
TAventy-seven,
27
27
Thirty-seven,
37
37
Twenty-eight,
28
28
Thirty-eight,
38
38
Twenty-nine,
29
29
Thirty-nine,
39
39
Thirty,
30
30
Forty,
40
40
24
PRIMARY
LESSON XIX.
1. Two ducks were standing near a
pool : but 1 of them has gone into it.
=^^8iK. How many remain out of the pool ?
1 from 2 leaves how many?
2. Farmer Jones had 3 wheelbarrows, but has sold 1.
How many has he left?
1 from 3 leaves how many?
:^3E3EI
1^
3. Mary had 4: walnuts, but has given her sister 1.
How many has she left?
1 from 4 leaves how many?
4. There are 5 pitchers upon a table ; 1 of them con-
tains milk, and the others water. How many contain
water ?
1 from 5 leaves how many?
5. There are 6 flowers ; 1 of them is a tulip, and the
others are pinks. How many are pinks ?
ARITHMETIC.
26
6. A merchant had T chests of tea, but has sold 1
chest. How many chests has he left?
1 from 7 leaves how many?
o rri CT fq fa CT
•Vma ao^
1l^
7. Lucy had 8 flowers, but has given^ 1 of them to
her sister. How many has Lucy left ?
1 from 8 leaves how many?
8. 9 flags were standing in a row, but 1 has been
taken away. How many flags remain?
1 from 9 leaves how many?
9. John has 10 chickens. If he should sell 1 of
them, how many would he have left?
1 from 10 leaves how many?
10. Recite the table : —
1 from 1 leaves 0.
1 from 2 leaves 1.
1 from 3 leaves 2.
1 from 4 leaves 3.
1 from 5 leaves 4.
1 from 6 leaver 5.
1 from 7 leaves 6.
1 from 8 leaves 7.
1 from 9 leaves 8.
1 from 10 leaves 9.
26
PRIMARY
LESBOIT XX.
1. George found 3
eoro;s in a nest, and
took away 2 of them.
How many did he
?
eo^2:s trom
leave
2. Two
6 ecrofs leaves how
many? Two eggs and
how many eggs are 6
eggs
3.
"^ 3. Two from
leaves how many? Two from 9 leaves how many?
4. Recite the table : —
2 from 2 leaves 0.
2 from 3 leaves 1.
2 from 4 leaves 2.
2 fi'om 5 leaves 3.
2 from 6 leaves 4.
2 from 7 leaves 5.
2 from 8 leaves 6.
2 from 9 leaves 7.
2 from 10 leaves 8.
2 from 11 leaves 9.
8
WMITTEX JEXEJRCISES.
^^rite and read: —
(5.)
(6.)
('•)
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
22
21
25
37
23
24
31
39
28
22
26
29
32
40
36
27
20
33
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
30
39
17
25
18
21
38
22
26
13
27
38
34
19
35
11
19
40
ARITHiMETIC
27
LESSON XXI.
3. Recite the table : —
3 from 3 leaves 0.
3 from 4 leaves 1.
3 from 5 leaves 2.
3 from 6 leaves 3.
3 from 7 leaves 4.
1. Six squirrels
less 3 squirrels are
how many?
2. Eight ships
were at sea. and 3
of them were lost in
a storm. How many-
were left?
3 from 8 leaves 5.
3 from 9 leaves 6.
3 from 10 leaves 7.
3 from 11 leaves 8.
3 from 12 leaves 9.
LESSON XXII.
1. Four flowers from 7
flowers leave how many?
2. Ten chickens less 4
chickens are how many ?
Recite the table : —
4 from 4 leaves 0.
4 from 5 leaves 1.
4 from G leaves 2.
4 from 7 leaves 3.
4 from 8 leaves 4.
4 from 9 leaves 5.
4 from 10 leaves 6.
4 from 11 leaves 7.
4 from 12 leaves 8.
4 from 13 leaves 9,
28
PRIMARY
LESSOIT XXIII.
1. A boy had 6 rabbits, and lost 2 of them. Hotv
many had he left?
2. Laura had 9 sheets of paper, but has used 5 of
them in writing letters. How many sheets has she left':
Recite the table : —
5 from 5 leaves 0.
5 from 6 leaves 1.
5 from T leaves 2.
5 from 8 leaves 3.
5 from 9 leaves 4.
5 from 10 leaves 5.
5 from 11 leaves 6.
5 from 12 leaves 7.
5 from 13 leaves 8.
5 from 14 leaves 9.
LESSOI^T XXIY.
1. Ten peaches were upon
a table, but 6 of them have
been put in a plate. How
many remain on the table?
2. In two plates are 13
peaches, but in one of the
plates are 6. How many are
there in the other plate ?
3. Recite the table : —
6 from 6 leaves 0.
6 from 7 leaves 1.
6 from 8 leaves 2.
6 from 9 leaves 3.
6 from 10 leaves 4.
6 from 11 leaves 5.
6 from 12 leaves 6.
6 from 13 leaves 7.
6 A'om 14 leaves 8.
6 from 15 leaves 9.
ARITHMETIC.
29
LESSON XXY.
Recite the table : —
7 from 7 leaves 0.
7 from 8 leaves 1.
7 from 9 leaves 2.
7 from 10 leaves 3.
7 from 11 leaves 4.
7 from 12 leaves 5.
7 from 13 leaves 6.
7 from 14 leaves 7.
7 from 15 leaves 8.
7 from 16 leaves 9.
1. Emma bought a muff for 13 dollars, and sold it
for 7 dollars. How much did she lose ?
7 from 13 leaves how many.?.
2. Eliza planted 16 seeds, but only 7 came up.
many seeds failed to come up ?
7 from 16 leaves how many?
How
LESSON XXVI.
Recite the table : —
8 from 8 leaves 0.
8 from 9 leaves 1.
8 from 10 leaves 2.
8 from 11 leaves 3.
8 from 12 leaves 4.
8 from 13 leaves 5.
8 from 14 leaves 6.
8 from 15. leaves 7.
8 from 16 leaves 8.
8 from 17 leaves 9.
1. William earned 8 dollars, but paid them all away
for a dog. How many dollars had he then
left?
8 from 8 leaves how many?
2. Robert caught 11 squirrels, but 8 of them ran
away. How many remained?
3*
30
PRIMARY
LESSON XXVII.
1. Recite the table: —
9 from 9 leaves 0.
9 from 10 leaves 1.
9 from 11 leaves 2.
9 from 12 leaves 3.
9 from 13 leaves 4.
9 from 14 leaves 5,
9 from 15 leaves 6.
9 from 16 leaves 7.
9 from 17 kaves 8.
9 from 18 leaves 9.
2. Julia rode at one time 15 miles, and at another
time 9 miles. How many more miles did she ride at
the one time than at the other?
'frop^ ' -^ leaves how many ?
3. From a chest of tea that contained 18 pounds
there have been sold 9 pounds. How many pounds re-
main unsold?
LESSOIT XXYIII.
1. Recite the table: —
10 from 10 leaves 0.
10 from 11 leaves 1.
10 from 12 leaves 2.
10 from 13 leaves 3.
10 from 14 leaves 4.
10 from 15 leaves 5.
10 from 16 leaves 6.
10 from 17 leaves 7.
10 from 18 leaves 8.
10 from 19 leaves 9.
2. A man sold bird cages, that cost him 15
dollars, for 10 dollars. How many dollars did he
lose ?
10 from 15 leaves how many ?
3. A farmer has 17 sheep and 10 lambs. How many
more sheep has he than lambs?
ARITHMETIC.
31
LESSON XXIX.
1. The children represented in the picture are en-
gaged in play, during recess. In one group are 16
children : in the other there are 10. How manj more
are there in the one group than in the other?
2. In one group there are 9 girls and 7 boys. How
many more girls are there than boys?
3. How many are 8 less 1 ? 10 less 3 'i
4. How many are 6 less 2? 12 less 4?
5. How many are 11 less 5?'- 14 less 8?
6. How many are 19 less 10? 10 less 9?
7. How many are 17 less 10 ?^ 13 less 7 ?
8. How many are 16 less 8 ? /.. 15 less 6 ?
9. How many are 14 less 9 ? - 16 less 7 ?
10. How many are 17 less 7?/r?15 less 6?
11. llow many are 19 less 8? 17 less 9?
82 PRIMARY
LESSON XXX.
1. From a brood of 16 chickens 9
have been carried away by a hawk. Hew
many remain ? Why ?
Ans. Because .9 taken frotn /6 leaves 7.
2. Lucy had 11 books, but has given 10 of them
away. How many has she left? Why?
3. A lady had in her purse 13 dollars, but has spent
7 of them. How many dollars has she left? Why?
4. What is the taking of one number from another
called ? Subtraction.
5. What is that left after taking one number from
another called? Their Difference.
6. What is the difference between 13 and 7? 9 and
2? 15 and 8? 16 and 9?
7. What is the difference between 13 and 6 ? 14 and
7? 16 and 6? 17 and 9?
WJRITTEX EXERCISES,
Write and subtract : —
(8.) (9.) (10.) (11.) (12.) (13.) (14.) (1.3.;
89769,889
54327135
Difference, 3
(IC.) (17.) (18.) (19.) (20.) (21.) (22.) (23.)
459 789 79
23868329
ARITH3IETIC,
33
.-^n?^
LESSON XXXI.
There were 6 butterflies on the ground, but 5 have
flown away. How
many remain ?
Five from 6 leaves
how many?
Five and how many
are 6 ?
2. Two from 2
leaves how many ? 2
fi-om 6 ? 2 from 4 ?
2 from 10?
3. Three from 4
leaves how many ? 3
from 5? 3 from 10? 3 from 9?
4. Four from 7 leaves how many ?
from 9 ? 4 from 5 ?
4 from 8? 4
5. Five fi'om 9 leaves how many ? 5 from 6 ? 5
from T ? 5 from 8 ? 5 from 10 ?
6. Six from 7 leaves how many ? 6 from 8 ? 6
from 9? 6 from 11? 6 from 12?
7. Seven from 8 leaves how many? 7 from 13? 8
from 15? 8 from 17? 10 from 16?
8. Andrew is 19 years old, and Jason is 10. How
much older is Andrew than Jason ?
9. Mary has 15 cents, and Lucy 9. How many have
both?
Nine from 1'5 leaves how many?
34
PRIMARY
LESSOIT XXXII.
1. Count from one to forty. Write the figures, which
express forty. JfO.
2. Count from forty to fifty Write the figures, which
express fifty. 50.
3. Count from fifty to sixty. Write the figures, which
express sixty. 60.
4. Count from sixty to seventy. Write the figures,
which express seventy. 70-
5. Write and read the figures of the table : —
Numberi
Forty-one,
Eorty-two,
Forty-three,
Forty-four,
Forty-five,
Forty-six,
Forty-seven,
Forty-eight,
Forty-nine,
Fifty,
Fifty-one,
Fifty-two,
Fifty-three,
Fifty-four,
Fifty-five,
Printed
figures.
41
Written
figures.
42
Jf2
43
43
44
u
45
45
46
46
47
47
48
48
49
49
50
50
51
51
52
52
53
53
54
54
55
^55
Number.
rrinxea
figures.
w ntte
figures
Fifty-six,
m
56
I'ifty-seven,
57
57
Fifty-eight,
58
58
Fifty-nine,
59
59
Sixty,
60
60
Sixty-one,
61
61
Sixty-two,
62
62
Sixty-three,
63
63
Sixty-four,
64
64
Sixty-five,
^^
65
Sixty-six,
m
66
Sixty-seven,
67
67
Sixty-eight,
68
68
Sixty-nine,
69
69
Seventy,
70
70
ARITHMETIC.
35
LESSOIT XXXIII.
1. Count from one to seventy. Write the figures,
which express seventy. 70.
2. Count from seventy to eighty. Write the figures,
which express eighty. 80.
3. Count from eighty to ninety. Write the figures,
which express ninety. 90.
4. Count from ninety to one hundred. Write the fig-
ures, which express one hundred. 100
5. Write and read the figures of the table : —
Numter.
Seventy-one,
Seventy-two,
Seventy-three,
Seventy-four,
Seventy-five,
Seventy-six,
Seventy-seven,
Seventy-eight,
Seventy-nine,
Eighty,
Eighty-one,
Eighty-two,
Eighty-three,
Eighty-four,
Eighty-five,
Printed
figures.
71
Written
figures,
71
72
72
73
73
74
74
75
75
76
76
77
77
78
78
79
79
80
80
81
81
82
82
83
83
84
84
85
85
Number.
Eighty-six,
Eighty-seven,
Eighty-eight,
Eighty-nine,
Ninety,
Ninety-one,
Ninety-two,
Ninety-three,
Ninety-four,
Ninety-five,
Ninety-six,
Ninety-seven,
Ninety-eight,
Ninety-nine,
Printed Written
figures, figures.
86 86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
One Hundred, 100 100
36
PRIMARY
LESSON XZXIY.
1. If John should see 1 vessel every time he should
go down to the sea-side, how many would he see on
going down to the sea-side twice?
2. If a cabinet-maker can finish 1 table in a day, how
many tables can he finish in 3 days?
3 times 1 table are how many tables?
3. 5 times 1 tree are how many trees?
4. 1 turkey was taken from a poultry-yard every
night for 6 nights. How many were taken in all?
6 times 1 turkey are how many turkeys?
5.
Recite the table :
Once 1 is
1.
2 times 1 are
2.
3 times 1 are
8.
4 times 1 are
4.
5 times 1 are
5.
6 times 1 are 6.
7 times 1 are 7.
8 times 1 are 8.
9 times 1 are 9.
10 times 1 are 10.
ARITHMETIC.
37
LESSON XXXV.
1. If 1 butterfly has 2 wings, how many wings have
2 butterflies?
2 times 2 are how many?
2. 3 pairs of skates are how many skates?
3 times 2 are how many?
J
«^
^-^
3. A boy has 2 hands. How many hands have 4
boys?
4 times 2 are K)W many?
4. A merchant sold 2 umbrellas every day for 7 .iaya
How many umbrellas did he sell ?
7 times 2 are how many?
X X X X X X
6. Recite the table : —
Once 2 is 2.
2 times 2 are 4.
3 times 2 are 6.
4 times 2 are 8.
5 times 2 are 10.
6 times 2 are 12.
7 times 2 are 14.
8 times 2 are 16.
9 times 2 are 18.
10 times 2 are 20
38
PRIMARY
LESSON XXXVI.
1. How man J cherries in 2 clusters of 3 cherries
each?
2. How many marbles are 5 times 3 marbles?
3. Recite the table : —
Once 3 is 3.
2 times 3 are 6.
3 times 3 are 9
4 times 8 are 12
5 times 3 are 15.
6 times 3 are 18.
7 times 3 are 21.
8 times 3 are 24.
9 times 3 are 27.
10 times 3 are 30.
WRITTEN HXXlixCISES.
Write and read: —
(4)
(5.)
(6.)
0)
(8.)
6
23
61
16
76
8
U
77
43
67
10
65
S4
32
17
12
61
43
17
53
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
86
9
11
33
91
19
25
4'o
47
12
22
54
78
5
21
76
63
49
73
82
ARITHMETIC.
39
LESSON XXXVII.
1. Recite the table : —
Once 4 is 4.
2 times 4 are 8.
3 times 4 are 12.
4 times 4 are 16.
5 times 4 are 20.
6 times 4 are 24.
7 times 4 are 28.
8 times 4 are 32.
9 times 4 are 36.
10 times 4 are 40.
2. If a cat can catch 4 mice in 1 day, how many
can she catch in 4 days ?
4 times 4 are how many?
8. At 4 cents each, what will cost 6 pencils?
LESSON XXXYIII.
1. Recite the table : —
Once 5 is 5.
2 times 5 are 10.
3 times 5 are 15.
4 times 5 are 20.
5 times 5 are 25.
6 times 5 are 30.
7 times 5 are 35.
8 times 5 are 40.
9 times 5 are 45.
10 times 5 are 50.
2. When 1 vase costs 5 dollars, how many
dollars must be paid for 3 vases? '
3 times 5 are how many?
3. If a boat will sail 5 miles in 1 hour,
'low far will it sail in 6 hours?
6 times 5 are how many?
40
PRIMARY
LESSON XXXIX.
Recite the table : —
Once 6 is 6.
2 times 6 are 12.
3 times 6 ai^e 18.
4 times 6 are 24.
5 times 6 are 30.
6 times 6 are 36.
7 times 6 are 42.
8 times 6 are 48.
9 times 6 are 54.
10 times 6 are 60.
2. In a garden there are 6 rose-bushes, and
on each bush there are 2 roses. • How many
roses are there in all?
2 times 6 are how many?
3. If 1 barrel of flour cost 6 dollars, how many dol-
lars will 9 barrels cost?
9 times 6 are how many?
w
LESSON
1. Recite the table : —
Once 7 is 7.
2 times 7 are 14.
8 times 7 are 21.
4 times 7 are 28.
5 times 7 are 35.
XL.
6 times 7 are 42.
7 times 7 are 49.
8 times 7 are 56.
9 times 7 are 63.
10 times 7 are 70.
2. When 7 cents are paid for 1 dove, K^w
many cents must be paid for 5 doves?
3. If 1 basket will contain 7 apples, kow
many apples will 8 baskets contain ?
8 times 7 are how many ?
ARITHMETIC
41
LESSON
1. Recite the table : —
Once 8 is 8.
2 times 8 are 16.
3 times 8 are 24.
4 times 8 are 32.
5 times 8 are 40.
XLI.
6 times 8 are 48.
7 times 8 are 56.
8 times 8 are 64.
9 times 8 are 72.
10 times 8 are 80.
2. If 8 bales will make
1 load, how many bales
will make 6 loads ?
6 times 8 are how
many?
3. If it take 9 men to
row 1 boat, how many will
it take to row 8 boats?
LESSON XLII.
Recite the table : —
Once 9 is 9. 6 t
2 times 9 are 18. 7 t
3 times 9 are 27. 8 t
4 times 9 are 36. 9 t
5 times 9 are 45. 10 t
mes 9 are 54.
mes 9 are 63.
mes 9 are 72.
mes 9 are 81.
mes 9 are 90.
2. "When 9 cents are paid for 1 cluster
of grapes, how many cents must be paid for
3 clusters ?
3 times 9 are how many?
3. At 9 cents a pound, what will 10
pound? of sugar cost?
42
PRIMARY
LESSON XLIII.
1. Recite the table : —
Once 10 is 10.
2 times 10 are 20.
3 times 10 are 30.
4 times 10 are 40.
5 times 10 are 50.
6 times 10 are 60.
7 times 10 are 70,
8 times 10 are 80.
9 times 10 are 90.
10 times 10 are 100.
2. If a house have 10 windows in front, how, many
windows in front will 4 houses of the same kind have?
4 times 10 are how many ?
3. If a wi'iting-book cost 10 cents, what will 9 writ-
ing-books cost?
9 times 10 are how many?
WniTTEN
BXEJtiCISES.
Write and addi-
-
ct)
(5.)
(6.)
a-)
(8.)
(9.)
2
s
4
3
5
7
2
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
Sum, 5
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
6
7
8
9
5
8
3
4
5
3
6
6
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
U
17
10
31
43
16
i
2
12
37
26
30
ARITHMETIC.
4B
LESSON XLIY.
1. Three dogs while hunting caught 4 rabbits each.
How many rabbits did they catch in all?
3 times 4 are how many ?
2. "What will 2 lemons cost, at 2 cents apiece?
2 times 2 are how many ?
3. At 5 cents apiece, what will 7 oranges cost?
5 times 7 are how many ?
4. Joseph went a fishing 6 times, and caught 8 fishes
each time. How many fishes did he catch?
3 times 6 are how many ?
5. What will 4 sheep cost, at 3 dollars each?
4 times 3 are how many ?
6. What will 6 tops cost, at 7 cents apiece?
6 times 7 are how many ?
44
PRIMARY
LESSON XLY.
1. If a cow give 6 quarts of milk a
day, how manj quarts of milk will she
give in 8 days?
6 times 8 are how many?
Emily bought 10 combs, at 10 cents apiece. How
did she pay for them?
10 times 10 are how many?
"Wiijt will 7 barrels of vinegar cost, at 6 dollars
6 times 7 are how many ?
At 9 cents a pound, what will 4 pounds of sugar
9 times 4 are how many ?
8 times 6 are how many? 4 times 9?
LESSON XLYI.
1. What cost 4 plows, at 10 dollars
apiece? Why 40 dollars?
Ans. Since one ploiv cost 10 dollars, Jf plows ivill cost Jf
times 10 dollars, or JfO dollars.
2. Oliver bought 6 melons, at 9 cents each. How
much did he pay for all ? Why ?
8. 5 pear-trees have on each of them 8 pears. How
many pears are on them all? Why?
4. Caroline has 8 classmates, and she gave to each 2
apples. How many apples did she give them ? Why ?
5. What is the cost of 7 hats, at 3 dollars apiece ?
Why?
2.
much
3.
each?
4.
cost?
5.
ARITHMETIC.
45
LESSON XLYII.
1. If 1 ball cost
9 cents, what will 5
balls cost? Wbj?
How many cents
are 5 times 9 cents?
2. What is the
cost of 4 pairs of
boots, at 4 dollars a
h pair ? AVhy ?
How many dollars
are 4 times 4 dol-
lars ? Why ?
3. If a man can make 6 pairs of shoes in a day,
how many pairs can he make in 6 days? Why?
4. What is the cost of 8 pounds of sugar, at 10 cents
a pound? Why?
5. Bought 9 cords of wood, at 7 dollars a cord.
What was the, cost ? Why ?
6. What is the cost of 5 pounds of cheese, at 10 cents
a pouud? Why?
T. If James earns 8 dollars in 1 month, how many
dollars will he earn in 10 months?
8. How many dollars are 8 times 8 dollars? Why?
9. What will 9 pounds of rice cost, at 10 cents a
pound ? Why ?
10. What will 10 pounds of beef cost, at 10 cents a
pound ? Why ?
46
PRIMARY
LESSON XLYIII.
1. How many are 6 times 7 ? 4 times 3 ?
2. How many are 7 times 6 ? 3 times 4 ?
3. How many units or ones are 8 times 5 ?
4. How many units or ones are 9 taken 3 times/
How many are 9, 9, and 9 ?
5. What is a short way of taking a number a cer-
tain number of times called? Multiplication.
6. If 8 be multiplied by 5, what is the result ?
7. If 6 be multiplied by 6, what is the result?
8. What is the result of the multiplication of one
number by another called? Their Product.
9. What is the product of 7 by 3 ? Of 8 by 4 ?
WRITTEN JEXERCISJES.
Write and multiply : —
(10.) (11.) (12.) (13.) (U.) (15.)
6 5 7 9 4 8
2 4-3676
Product, 12
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
11
12
12
14
14
13
3
S
4
2
3
2
. (22.)
(23.)
(24.)
(25.)
(26.)
(27.)
31
22
23
24
33
44
2
3
3
2
3
2
ARITHMETIC.
47
LESSON XLIX.
1. A father has given his 2 sons 4 gold pens. How
many pens are there to each of the sons?
2 in 4 how many times?
2. A fi^rmer has 6 pigs, which he wishes to put in
pens that shall contain only 2 pigs each. How many
pens must he have?
3. If it takes 2 skates to make a pair, how many
pairs will 8 skates make?
2 in 8 how many times?
^-^'
4. How many pairs of gloves are there in 10 gloves?
2 in 10 how many times?
* SI (1 Si
ei
5. Recite the table : —
2 in 2, once.
2 in 4, 2 times.
2 in 6, 3 times.
2 in 8, 4 times.
2 in 10, 5 times.
2 in 12, 6 times.
2 in 14, 7 times.
2 in 16, 8 times.
2 in 18, 9 times.
2 in 20, 10 times.
48
PRIMARY
LESSOIT L.
1^ 1. Albert gave his. 3 brothers 9
marbles, to be shared equally be-
tween them. How many did each
receive ?
2. How many times 3 marbles are 15 marbles ?
3. Recite the table : —
3
3
3
3
in 3, once,
in 6, 2 times.
m
in 12
9, 3 times.
3 m 15,
4 times.
5 times.
3 in 18, 6 times.
3 in 21, 7 times.
3 in 24, 8 times.
3 in 27, 9 times.
3 in 30, 10 times.
LESSON LI.
1. Sixteen marbles are how many times 4 marbles ?
4 in 16 hoAV many times?
2. Recite the table : —
4 in 4, once.
4 m 8, 2 times.
4 in 12, 3 times.
4 in 16, 4 times.
4 in 20, 5 times.
4 in 24, 6 times.
4 in 28, 7 times.
4 in 32, 8 times.
4 in 36. 9 times.
4 in 40, 10 times.
-*>
ARITHMETIC.
49
LESSON
Kecite the table : —
5 in 5, once.
5 in 10. 2 times.
5 in 15, 3 times.
5 in 20, 4 times.
5 in 25, 5 times.
LII.
5 in 30, 6 times.
5 in 35, 7 times.
5 in 40, 8 times.
5 in 45, 9 times.
5 in 50, 10 times.
2. If 5 men are required to
row one boat, how many boats
can 30 men row?
5 in 30 how many times?
3. Thomas divided 45 peaches equally among 5 of
his schoolmates. How many peaches did each receive?
5 in 45 how many times ?
LESSON LIII.
1. Recite the table : —
6 in 6, once.
6 in 12, 2 times.
6 in 18, 3 times.
6 in 24. 4 times.
6 in 30, 5 times.
2. If one ear of corn is required to feed 6
chickens, how many ears of corn will it take
to feed 42 chickens?
6 in 42 how many times ?
3. At 6 cents each, how many melons can be bought
for 24 cents?
6 in 24 how many times?
6
in 36,
6 times.
6
in 42,
7 times.
6
in 48,
8 times.
6
in 54,
9 times.
6
in 60,
10 times.
50
PRIMARY
LESSON LIV.
Recite the table : —
7 in 7, once.
7 in 14, 2 times.
7 in 21, 3 times.
7 in 28, 4 times.
7 in 35, 5 times.
7 in 42, 6 times.
7 in 49, 7 times.
7 in 56, 8 times.
7 in 63, 9 times.
7 m 70, 10 times.
2. If 28 roses are divided equally between 7
children, how many will each receive?
4 in 28 how many times?
3. At 7 cents a pound, how many pounds of rice can
be bought for 56 cents? i
7 in 56 how many times ?
N
WRITTEN
EXEJtCISES,
Write and subtract
•
(4.)
(5.)
(6.)
0)
(8.)
(9.)
u
17
10
31
43
96
4.
2
2
7
26
30
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
(U.)
(15.)
17
16
17
25
42
56
4
c
18
8
15
19
36
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
40
51
21
10
42
62
20
12
13
1
24
11
ARITHMETIC.
51
LESSOR
1. Recite the table: —
8 in 8, once.
8 in 16, 2 times.
8 in 24, 3 times.
8 in 32, 4 times.
8 in 40, 5 times.
LY.
8 in 48, 6 times.
8 in 56, 7 times.
8 in 64, 8 times.
8 in 72, 9 times.
8 in 80, 10 times.
2. If one quart of cherries cost 8 cents, how
many quarts of cherries may be bought for 32
cents ?
8 in 32 how many times ?
3. Francis bouo;ht 8 writino;-books for 80 cents. How
much were the writing-books apiece ?
8 in 80 how many times ?
LESSON LYI.
1. Recite the table : —
9 in 9, once.
9 in 18, 2 times.
9 in 27, 3 times.
9 in 36, 4 times.
9 in 45, 5 times.
9 in 54,
9 in 63,
9 in 72,
9 in 81,
6 times.
7 times.
8 times.
9 times.
9 in 90, 10 times.
lars?
2 If a soldier can buy a gun for 9 dollars, how
many guns can he buy for 18 dollars? ,
9 in 18 how many times?
3. If 9 dollars will buy a barrel of flour, how
many barrels of flour can be bought for 63 dol-
9 in 63 how many times?
D'Z
PRIMARY
LESSON LVII.
1. Recite the table : —
10 in 10, once.
10 in 20, 2 times.
10 in 30, 3 times.
10 in 40, 4 times.
10 in 50, 5 times.
10 in 60, 6 times.
10 in 70, 7 times.
10 in 80, 8 times.
10 in 90, 9 times.
10 in 100, 10 times.
I
2. When one fish costs 10 cents, how many
fishes can be bought for 40 cents?
10 in 40 how many times?
3. At 10 cents a yard, how many yards of cloth can
be bought for 90 cents?
10 in 90 how many times?
LESSON LVIII.
1. How many dogs, at 5 dollars each,
can be bought for 25 dollars ? Why ?
Ans. Since 5 dollars will buy one dog, as many dogs can
he bought for 25 dollars as 5 %s contained times in 25^ or 5.
Therefore, at 5 dollars each, 5 dogs can he honght for 25 dol-
lars.
2. How many toy-books, at 3 cents each, can be
bought for 18 cents ? Why ?
3. How many marbles, at 1 cent apiece, can be
bought for 9 cents ? Why ?
4. If 8 books cost 24 cents, ^what Avill 1 book colst?
Why?
5. Arthur walked 36 miles in 9 days. How many
miles did he walk each day ? Why ?
ARITHMETIC. 53
LESSON LIX.
1. A sportsman in shooting 6 times shot
30 ducks, killing the same number at each
shot. How manj ducks did he kill at a
shot? Why?
' 2. At 7 cents a quart, how many quarts of nuts can
be bought for 49 cents? Why?
8. At 10 cents a pound, how many pounds of sugar
can be bought for 50 cents? Why?
4. Alfred gave 24 apples for 6 oranges. How many
apples did he give for 1 orange? Why?
5. How many skeins of silk, at 5 cents a skein, can
be bought for 35 cents? Why?
LESSON LX.
1. How many times 2 in 4 ? In 8 ? In 6 ? In
10? In 2?
2. How many times 3 in 9 ? In 6 ? In 12 ? In
15? In 27?
3. How many times 4 in 4? In 16? In 20? In
32? In 40?
4. How many times 5 in 10 ? In 25 ? In 30 ? In
40? In 5? ^In 50?
5. How many times 6 in 12? In 18? In 6 r" In
42? In 60?
6. How many times 7 in 14 ? In 21 ? In 35 ? Id
49? In 03?
7. How many time3 8 in 24 ? In 40 ? In 64 ? In
72?
54
PRIMARY
1.
How
2.
45?
3.
10?
4.
5
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14
LESSON LXI.
Edward had 7 doves, and sold 3 for 30 cents,
much did he get apiece for them?
How many times 9 in 18? In 36?
In 9? In 63? In 90?
How many times 10 in 20?
In 50? In 90? In 100?
How many times 2 in 18?
How many times 3 in 3?
How many times 5 in 35?
How many times 6 in 24?
How many times 8 in 32?
How many times 9 in 27?
How many times 10 in 40 ?
How many times 7 in 28 ?
How many times 8 in 64?
How many times 9 in 45?
How many times 10 in 80?
In 54? In
In 30? In 70? In
In 12?
In 21?
In 45?
In 54?
In 80?
In 72?
In 70?
In 56?
In 72?
In 81?
9 i.i 63?
ARITHMETIC. 55
LESSON LXII.
1. How man J times are 4 cents contained in 24
cents ?
2. How many times 6 in 24 ? 8 in 24 ?
3. What is the finding of the number of times one
number is contained in another called? Division.
4. What is the result of 15 divided by 3? Of 21
divided by 7?
5. What is the result of the division of one number
by another called? The Quotient.
6. What is the quotient of 30 divided by 5 ? Of 49
divided by 7?
7. How many times 4 dollars in 17 dollars, and how
many dollars over?
8. What is the number which is sometimes left after
dividing called? The Remainder.
9. Divide 63 days by 10, and what will be the re-
mainder ?
WRITTEN EXERCISES. ^
Write and divide : —
(10.) (11.) (12.) (13.)
2)8 4)12 3)18 5)25
Quotient, 4
(U.) (15.) (16.) (17.) (18.) (19.)
3)36 4US 3)69 3)39 4)44 5)55
(20.) (21.) (22.) (23.) (24.) (25.)
6)42 6)72 7)84 7)49 6)36 4)64
56
PRIMARY
LESSON LXIII.
1. In a store-room 4 mice are on the shelves and 6
on the floor. How many in all? Why?
2. A man bought a load of wood for 6 dollars, and
a barrel of flour for 9 dollars. How much did both
cost?
3. In one field there are 5 oxen feeding, and in an-
other 7. How many oxen are there in both fields?
4. 3 years ago George was 8 years old. How old
is he now?
5. Flora recited 5 perfect lessons yesterday, and 5
more to-day. How many did she recite both days?
6. In a cage are 4 old bii'ds, and 8 young birds.
How many birds are in the cage?
7. A man boucrht a chair for 7 dollars, and a desk
for 8 dollars. How many dollars did both cost?
ARITHMETIC.
67
LESSON LXIY.
1. Jane spent 3 cents for candy, and 9
cents for a book. How much did she spend
in all?
2. Albert rode 8 miles in the morning, and 9 in the
afternoon. How many miles did he ride in all?
3 Caleb, having spent 9 cents, found he had 10 re-
maming. How piany cents had he at first?
4. A farmer sold to one man 3 sheep, to another 3,
and then found he had 7 remaining. How many had
he at first?
5. Henry received 4 merit-marks, Rollo 5, and Sam-
uel 7. How many merit-marks did they all receive?
6. Jasper has 4 marbles, Peter 3, and Ezra 6. How
many marbles have they all?
7 James is 4 years old, Arthur 2 years, and Edward
1 year. "What is the sum of their ages?
8. Jane had 9 cents, Mary 8, and Lydia 5. How
many cents had they all?
9. ]Maria gave her sister 3 apples, lost 2, and had 9
left? How many had she at first?
10. A lady bought a dress for 8 dollars, a bonnet
for 9 dollars, and a pair of gloves for 1 dollar. How
much did they all cost ?
11. If you give 10 cents for an inkstand, 5 for a
pen, and 3 for a pencil, how much will they all cost ?
12. Eva paid 8 cents for a comb, 4 cents for thread,
and had left 2 cents. How much had she at first?
y
58
PRIMARY
LESSON LXV.
1. John has 3 apples, and William has 3.
^|y How many more has John than William? Why?
2. Samuel caught 8 birds, but let 7 of them escape.
How many had he left? I
3. Isabel is 13 years old, and Susan only 3. How
many years older is Isabel than Susan? /,<
4. 12 black-birds were on a fence, but 3 of them
have flown away. How many then remain ?«>/
5. James had 11 figs, and ate 4 of them. How
many has he left? 7
6. Walter bought 10 slate-pencils, and gave 9 of
them away. What number then remained?
7. Gave 11 dollars to Emily, and 7 to Betsey. How
many more dollars were given to Emily than to Bet-
sey? •
8. Sold a cloak for 14 dollars, and received as part
pay 9 dollars. How many dollars remained due?
9. Gave 10 cents for apples, and 12 cents for peaches.
How much more was given for the peaches than for the
apples ?
10. Andrew had 9 chickens, but the hawks have taken
4 of them. How many remain?
11. Edwin had 20 cents, but has given away 10 in
charity. How many cents has he left?
12. James is 18 years old, and John is 10 years old.
How much older is James than John?
ARITHMETIC. 59
LESSON LXVI.
1. Ellen has 9 chickens; 7 of them are light-colored,
a/id the remainder dark. How many of them are dark-
colored ?
2. In a class of 9 boys, only 2 had got their lessons.
How many failed to have their lessons?
3. Ell rode 12 miles and walked 6. How much
further did he ride than walk?
4. Paid for a coat 13 dollars, and for a pair of pants
7. How many dollars did the coat cost more than the
pants ?
5. Nathan bought a slate for 8 eents, and sold it for
13 cents. How much did he gain?
6. A man bought a gun for 11 dollars, and sold it
for 9. How much did he lose?
7. From a bucket of water containing 14 quarts there
have been taken out 7 quarts. How much is left in the
bucket ?
8. 16 swallows light on a barn, and 10 of them fly
off again. How many remain?
9. Henry is 18 years old, and Willie 9 years. How
many years older is Henry than Willie?
10. John . answered 19 questions, and Charles only
10. How many more questions did John answer than
Charles ?
11. If you have 20 dollars, and should lose 10 of
them, how many dollars would you have left?
60 PRIMARY
LESSOI^ LXYII.
1. John's clocr cauo;ht 19 rabbits in two
weeks; 8 of them the first week, and the
remainder the second week. IIow many
did he catch the second week? Why?
2. Helen found in the orchard 15 apples. After she
had given 4 of them to Mary, and 5 to Sarah, how
many had she left?
3. Jonathan had 6 marbles, and Peter gave him 3
more; but on the way to school he lost 4 of them.
How many had he then left? Why?
4. From a flock of 18 sheep the dogs killed 8, and
1 died. How many remained?
5. Jacob picked 6 quarts of berries one day, and the
next day 8 quarts, and sold 9 quarts. How many quarts
of berries did he keep ?
6. 17 pigeons were flying together; 6 of them were
shot at one time, and 2 at another. How many of the
pigeons escaped?
7. Edgar had 13 chestnuts, but gave Edwin 3, George
2, and Jane 4. How many had he left?
8. James gathered 16 quarts of berries, and sold 6
quarts to one man, and 2 quarts to another. How many
then had he left?
9. Edwin earned 18 dollars. After giving his mother
7 dollars, and his sister 1 dollar, how many dollars had
he left?
10. Bou2i;ht a hat for 5 dollars and a. vest for 5 dol-
lars. and gave in payment a 20-dollar bill. IIow many
dollars should be paid back ?
ARITHMETIC.
61
J
Dies
LESSOIT LXVIII.
1. 2 boys are coasting and 3 times iS many are
skating. Ho-^' many are skating? ,/
2. How many are 2 times 2? 2 timfs 3? 2 times
5? 2 times 4? 2 times 7?
3. How many are 3 times 1? 3 tinieSj-'i? 3 ti
6? 3 times 8? 3 times 10? %
4. How many are 4 times 3? 4 times 5? 4 time
4? 4 times 9? 4 times 1?
5. IIow many are 5 times 3 ? 5 times 6 ? 5 times
7? 5 times 0? 5 times 10? '^
G. How many are 6 times 2 ? 6 times 4 ? G times
6 ? G times 7 ? G times 9 ?
7. How many are 7 times 3 ? 7 times 4 ? 7 times
7? 7 times 8? 7 times 10?
8. How many are 8 times 2? 8 times 5? 8 times
7? 8 times 8? 8 times 10?
\
62 PRIMARY
LESSON LXIX.
1. How many are 8 times 1 ? 8 times 2 ? 8 times
4? 8 times 6? 8 times 9?
2. How many are 9 times 2 ? 9 times 3 ? 9 times
7? 9 times 6? 9 times 10?
3. How many are 10 times 1? 10 times 2? 10
times 6? 10 times 4? 10 times 10?
4. How many are 2 times 6 ? 3 times 4 ? 5 times
8? 4 times 7? 6 times 3? 9 times 9?
5. How many are 6 times ? 6 times 1 ? 2 times
10 ? 4 times 10 ? 5 times 2 ? 7 times 2 ? 7 times
9?
6. When sugar is sold at 8 cents a pound, how much
must be paid for 3 pounds? Why?
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
Write and divide : —
\
['.)
(8.) (9.)
(10.)
6)90 8)88 8)96 9)90
Quotient,
15
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
9)99
4)56
7)77
3)81
(?;7^
(IG.)
(17.)
(18)
(19.)
(20.)
3)72
2)94
5)75
p>><5i
8)96
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
(24.)
(25.)
7)84
5)85
6)84
8)96
^;5>^
ARITHMETIC. 63
LESSOIT LXX.
1. Ellen saw in a pool 2 frogs, and in a pond 7
^ times as many. How many did she
^^^^m see in the pond?
2. A farmer raised 5 bushels of
peas, and 7 times as many bushels
^ of beans. How many bushels of
beans did he raise?
3. If one cord of wood cost 8 dollars, how many dol-
lars will 6 cords cost?
4. How many cents must be paid for 9 pounds .oi
cheese, at 10 cents a- pound?
5. There are on the lake 6 boats, and 10 persons in
each boat. How many persons are in all the boats?
6. If 8 apples will buy 1 ruler, how many apples
will it take to buy 7 rulers?
7. How many roses are on 9 bushes, if there are 6
on each bush?
8. What will cost 9 yards of cloth, at 2 dollars a
yard ? Why ?
9. What will cost 6 pairs of boots, at 4 dollars a
pair ? Why ?
10. If Robert can walk 8 miles in 1 hour, how many
miles can he walk in 7 hours? Why?
11. What will cost 6 loaves of bread, at 8 cents a
loaf? Why ?
12. How many cents must be paid for 8 slates, at 10
cents each?
64 PRIMARY
LESSO:tT LXXI.
1. What cost 9 lambs, at 3 dollars each? Why?
2. If there are 8 panes of glass in 1
window, how many panes are there iu/^
^^= windows ?
^<T^5=>- g ^^ -^Q cents an hour, how manv
cents may be earned in 10 hours?
4. Augustus picked 9 quarts of berries. If he gets
9 cents a quart for them, how many cents will he ob-
tain ?
5. If a scholar can perform 9 examples in one hour,
how many can he perform in T hours?
6. If Samuel should recite 6 perfect lessons m one
day, how many perfect lessons would he recite in 10
days ?
LESSON LXXII.
1. John has 5 marbles, and James has 6 times as
many as John. How many has James? Why?
2. At 4 dollars apiece, what cost 8 sheep? Why?
3. At 5 cents a quart, how much must be paid for
3 quarts of milk?
4. Charles found 3 eggs, and Alfred 6 times as many.
How many did Alfred find?
5. If Henry write 7 lines a day, how many will he
write in 6 days?
6. If 1 pound of starch cost 8 cents, what will 5
pounds cost?
ARITHMETIC.
67
-LESSON LXXV.
1. If an apple, or any thing, be divided into two
equal parts, what will one of those parts be? One Half.
2. How many halves make one whole? Two.
3. If an orange be divided into three equal parts,
what will one of those parts be? One Third.
4. How many thirds make one whole? Three.
5. If a melon be divided into four equal parts, what
will one of those parts be ? ^ One Fourth.
6. How many fourths make one whole ? Four.
7. If a cake be divided into five equal parts, what
will one of those parts be? ' One Fifth.
8. How many fifths make one whole ? Five.
9. If a line be divided into six equal parts, what is
one of those parts called? One Sixth.
10. How many sixths make one whole? Six.
68 PRIMARY
LESSON LXXVI.
1. When any thing is divided into seven equal parts,
what is one of those parts? One SeveiJih.
2. How many sevenths make a whole one?
3. What is meant by one eighth of any thing ?
Ans. One of the eight equal parts into which a thing ts di-
vided.
4. How many eighths make a whole one?
5. What is meant by one ninth of any thing ?
6. How many ninths make a whole one?
7. What is meant by one tenth of any thing?
8. How many tenths make a whole one?
9. James had 2 fourths of a dollar, and his mother
gave him one fourth more. How many fourths of a
dollar then had he?
10. 2 fifths of an acre are planted with beets, and 2
fifths with carrots. What part of an acre is planted
with both?
11. 3 eighths and 4 eighths are how many eighths?
12. George gave 2 sixths of a melon to his brother,
and to his sister 3 sixths. What part did he give away
in all?
13. Bought a book for 2 fourths of a dollar, and sold
it for 3 fourths of a dollar. How much is gained by
the sale?
14. If you should have 5 sevenths of a pound of
candy, and should give away 3 sevenths of a pound,
how much would you have left?
15. 8 ninths less 6 ninths are how many ninths?
ARITHMETIC. 69
LESSOIT LXXVII.
1. IIow many halves are there in one
orange ?
2. How many halves in 2 oranges?
Why ? .
Axs. Since there are 2 halves in one orarige, in 2 oranges
there are 2 times 2 halves, or Jf halves.
3. How many halves in 3 oranges? In 4 oranges?
In 5 oranges? In 6 oranges?
4. How many thirds in 1 orange? In
2 oranges ? Why ?
5. How many thirds in 3 oranges? In \
4 oranges ?
6. How many fourths in one melon? In 2 melons?
Why?
7. How many fourths in 3 pears? In 5 pears?
8. If one half of a melon cost 6 cents, how much
will 2 halves, or a whole melon, cost? Why?
Ans. Since one }Lalf cost 6 cents, 2 halves, or a whole one,
will cost 2 times 6 cents, or 12 cents.
9. If one third of a pie cost 4 cents, how much will
a whole pie cost?
10. 4 is one third of what number? Why?
11. If one fifth of an acre of land is worth 6 dol-
lars, how much is 2 fifths worth? Why?
12. If one fourth of a yard of cloth cost 8 cents,
how much will 2 fourths cost? 3 fourths? A whole
yard?
70 PRIMARY
LESSON LXXVIII.
1. In 4 halves of a dollar, how many dollars? Why?
Ans. Since there are 2 halves in one dollar, in Jf halves of
a dollar there are as many dollars as 2 halves is contained
times in Jf halves, or 2 dollars.
2. In 6 halves of an orange, how many oranges? In
'8 halves? In 10 halves?
3. In 6 thirds of an apple, how many apples ?
4. How many whole ones in four fourths ? In 8
fourths? In 12 fourths? In 16 fourths?
5. How many whole ones in 10 fifths ? Why ?
6. How many whole ones in 12 sixths? Why?
7. If a yard of ribbon cost 4 cents, how much will
one half of a yard cost? Why?
Ans. Since a whole yard cost Jf cents, one half of a yard
will cost one half of Jj. cents, or 2 cents,
8. If a melon is worth 10 cents, how much is half a
melon worth? Why?
9. One half of 10 is how many ?
10. If a cord of wood is worth 8 dollars, how much
is one fourth of a cord worth ?
11. One fourth of 8 is how many?
12. At 10 dollars a barrel, what will one fifth of a
barrel of flour cost ? Two fifths ?
13. One third of twelve is how many ?
14. A man is 35 years old, and his son is one sev-
enth as old. How old is his son?
15. At 63 cents a yard, what is one ninth of a yard
of cloth worth ? Four ninths ?
ARITHMETIC.
71
LESSON LXXIX.
1. What is United States money? United States
Money is that used in the United States.
Recite the table : —
are 1 cent,
1 dime,
1 dollar,
u
ii
a
1 eagle.
10 mills
10 cents,
10 dimes,
10 dollars
2. How many mills make 1 cent? 2 cents?
3. How many cents make 1 dime? 2
dimes ? 3 dimes ?
4. How many cents are 1 dime and 3
cents ? 1 dime and 4 cents ?
5. How many dimes in 1 dollar ? 2 dollars ?
6. How many cents in 10 dimes, or
1 dollar?
7. How many dollars in 1 eagle ?
In half of an eagle ? In a fourth of
an eagle?
8. How many eagles in 50 dol-
lars? In 60 dollars?
9. At half a dollar each, how many dollars wiU 6
oooks cost?
72 PRIMARY
LESSON LXXX.
1. How man J dollars" will 2 barrels of flour cost at
10 dollars a barrel?
2. At 10 dollars a barrel, how many barrels of flour
can be bought for 20 dollars?
3. What is the sign of dollar or dollars ? The
Sign of Dollar or Dollars is $.
4. In §31, what does the sign denote? It denotes
that the 31 expresses that number of dollars.
5. What then does $25 express? $43 express?
6. When dollars and cents are expressed together by
figures, how are the figures expressing the cents sep-
arated from those expressing the dollars?
By the Decimal Point (.).
7. What does $25.10 express? It expresses twenty-
five dollars and ten cents.
8. What then do the figures in the two places at
the right of the point express? Cents.
9. What does $31.63 express? $9.81 express?
10. What does a figure written in the third place
at the right of the point express? Mills.
11. What then does $8,656 express? It expresses
eight dollars sixty-five cents six mills.
12. What does $19,425 express? $73,187 express?
Write and read : —
13. S69. 16. $100.50.
14. $81. 17. $63,579.
15. $42. 18. $8,606.
19. $12,375.
20. $93.06.
21. $78,055.
ARITUMETIC.
73
JEKSICK
\^^"^.J?*ss
LESSON LXXXI.
1. What is avoirdupois weight ? Avoirdupois Weight
is that used in weighing common articles, as tea, sugar,
butter, etc.
2. Recite the table : —
16 ounces are 1 pound.
100 pounds, 1 hundred weight.
20 hundred weight,
1 ton.
Also, 25 pounds are 1 quarter ; 2000 pounds 1 ton.
3. How many ounces are there in 1 pound? In 1
half of a pound ?
4. How many pounds are there in a quarter?
5. How many quarters in 1 hundred weight ? In 2
liundred weight? In 3 hundred weight?
6. How many hundred weight in 1 ton? In G tons?
At 4 dollars a hundred weight, what will 1 ton of hay
eost? 1 half of a ton?
V
74 PRIMARY
LESSOIT LXXXII.
1. What is Troy Tveight ? Troy Weight is that used
in weighing gold, silver, and jewels.
2. Recite the table : —
24 grains are 1 pennyweight.
20 pennyweights, 1 ounce.
12 ounces, 1 pound.
3. How many grains make 1 pennyweight ?
4. How many pennyweights are there in 1 ounce ?
5. How many pennyweights are there in 1 half of
an ounce ? In 1 fourth of an ounce ?
6. How many ounces in 1 pound ? In 1 half of a
pound ? In 1 fourth of a pound ?
LESSO]^ LXXXIII.
1. What is linear or long measure ? Linear Measure
is that used for measurino; distances and lengths.
2. Recit-e the table : —
12 inches are 1 foot.
3 feet, 1 yard.
5^ yards, or 16^ feet, 1 rod.
320 rods, 1 mile.
Also, 40 rods 1 furlong ; 8 furlongs 1 mile.
3. How many inches are there in , 1 ,
I'll!
1 foot ? In 1 half of a foot ? i lycu.
4. How many feet in 1 yard? In 2 yards? In 3
yitrds? In 5 yards?
5. How many yards arc there in 1 rod ?
ARITHMETIC. 75
6. How many rods are there in 1 furlong ?
7. How many furlongs in 1 mile ? In 1 half of a
miile ? In 2 miles ?
8. How many yards in a piece of tape 27 feet long?
9 If your arithmetic is 6 inches long and your slate
9 inches, how much longer is the slate ?
10 In 3 feet how many yards? In 6 feet? In 18
feet ?
11. In 3 miles how many furlongs? In 6 miles?
In 7 miles?
LESSON LXXXIV.
1. What is liquid measure? Liquid Measure is that
used hi measuring liquids, as molasses, milk, etc.
2. Recite the table ; —
4 gills are 1 pint.
2 pints, 1 quart.
4 quarts, 1 gallon. ^[^Ist^Ss^&on
3. How many gills are there in 1 pint? In 2 pints?
In 3 pints?
4. How many pints are there in 1 quart? In 2
quarts? In 8 quarts?
5. How many quarts in 1 gallon? In 2 gallons?
In 6 gallons?
6. In 12 gills how many pints? In 16 gills?
7. In 4 quarts how many gallons? In 8 quarts?
In 16 quarts?
8. In 5 pints how many gills? In 6 pints? In
8 pints?
76
PRIMARY
9. Ho^Y many gills are there in 1 half of a pint?
10. How many quarts are there in 16 pints?
11. How many gallons in 20 quarts? In 36 quarts?
12. At 6 cents a quart, what costs 1 gallon of milk?
13. At 12 cents a quart, what costs 1 pint of mo-
lasses ?
14. AVhen oil costs 10 cents a pint, what is the cost
of a quart?
15. How many gills in 1 quart? In 2 quarts? In
3 quarts?
LESSOIT LXXXV.
1 What is dry measure? Dry Measure is that used
in measuring dry articles, as
grain, apples, corn, etc.
2. Hecite the table : —
2 pints are 1 quart.
8 quarts, 1 peck.
1 pecks, 1 bushel.
3 How many pints are
there in 1 quart? In 3 quarts? In 5 quarts?
4. How many quarts in 1 peck? In 2 pecks? In
3 pecks?
5. How many pecks in 1 bushel? In 2 bushels? In
3 bushels?
6. In 4 pints how many quarts? In 8 pints?
7. In 16 quarts how many pecks? In 24 quarts?
ARITHMETIC. 77
8. What costs 1 quart of cherries, at 6 cents a
pint?
9. At 5 cents a quart, what costs 1 peck of beans?
10. In 28 pecks how many bushels? In 32 pecks?
11. At 2 dolkirs a peck, what costs 1 bushel of ber-
ries? 2 bushels?
12. How many pecks in three bushels and 3 pecks?
13. At 1 dollar a peck, what cost 3 bushels and 3
pecks of walnuts?
* LESSON LXXXYI.
1. What is time? Time is a measured portion of
duration.
2. Recite the table : —
60 seconds are 1 minute.
60 minutes, 1 hour.
24 hours, 1 day.
305 days, 1 common year.
366 days, 1 leap year.
3. Recite the table of
MONTHS.
1. January has 31 days. 7. July has 31 days.
2. February, 28 or 29. 8. August, ' 31
3. March, 31 days. 9. September, 30
4. April, 30 " 10. October, 31
5. :May, 31 " 11. November, 30
6. June, 30 '• 12. December, 31
78 PRIMARY
February hag in leap years 29 days, and in common years
28 days.
4. How many seconds are there in 1 minute?
5. How many minutes make 1 hour?
6. How many hours make 1 day?
7. How many days are there in a common year? In
tsb leap year ?
8. How many days has January ? February? March?
April?
9. What month has in leap year 29 days ?
10. How many days has May? June? July? Au-
gust?
11. How many days has September? October? No-
vember ? December ?
LESSOIT LXXXYII.
1. How many units or ones are 1 ten? 2 tens? 3
tens? 4 tens? 5 tens? 6 tens? 7 tens? 8 tens?
9 tens ? 10 tens ?
2. How many tens in 20 units? In 30 units? In
40 units? In 50 units? In 60 units? In 80 units?
In 90 units? In 100 units?
3. What are 100 units or ones called?
One Hundred.
4. How can you express one hundred by figures ?
By writing the figure 1 with 00 on the right; thus,
100.
5. What are 10 hundreds called? One Thousand.
6. How can you express one thousand by figures?
By writing the figure 1 with 000 on the right; thus,
1000,
ARITHMETIC. 79
7. \Miat is that which you have now been attending
to called? Arithmetic.
8. Of what does arithmetic treat? Numbers.
9. What does arithmetic teach? Arithmetic teaches
how to reckon by numbers.
10. Write on the slate or blackboard, in figures, the
fii'st nine numbers.
11. Write and read the numbers expressed by the
figures, 2, 5, 6, 4, 8, 10, 9, 11, 12.
12. Begin at the right and recite the names of the
places or orders of figures in the following
Table.
r^ 30
.§ i g "3
H 5 h t3
9. Nine.
1 6. Sixteen.
4 2 3. Four hundred twenty-three.
5 7 6 8. Five thousand seven hundi^ed sixty-eight.
13. What number is expressed by 9 ? By 16 ?
14. What number is expressed by 423? 4 hundj-eds
2 tens 3 units, or four hundi'ed twenty-three.
15. What number is expressed by 5768? 5 thou-
sands 7 hundreds 6 tens 8 units, or five thousand seven
hundred sixty-eight.
16. What is expressed by a figure standing alone ?
Units,
17. What; is expressed by a figure in the second or-
der, or in the place next to the left of units? Tens.
18. What is expressed by a figure in the third order?
Hundreds.
19. What is expressed by a figure "in the fourtli order?
^ Thousands.
/ )
80
PRIMARY
LESSON LXXXYIII.
1. TVhat is notation? Notation is the method of
writing numbers.
2. What is numeration? Numeration is the method
of readino; numbers.
3. Recite the table : —
10 units are 1 ten.
10 tens. 1 hundred,
10 hundreds, 1 thousand.
4. How many units are 1 ten? How many tens are
1 hundred? 2 hundreds?
5. How many hundreds are 1 thousand? 2 thou-
sands? 3 thousands? 8 thousand ?
ARITHMETIC.
81
LESSON LXXXIX.
Write and read : —
(1-)
(2.)
(3.) (4.)
(5.)
26
71
99 82
88
39
80
28 13
96
40
4 ■
31 49
70
(6.)
(V.)
(8.) (9.)
(10.)
83
110
118 501
899
95
89
105 66
998
100
109
150 606
989
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
(14.)
144
303
6708
1234
1144
300
4576
5636
6110
1330
3421
7396
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
2161
745
450
3215
4502
600
632
6215
1234
1302
1725
6215
3107
7805
2141
3145
Write in fig
ures : —
19. Eleven.
24. One hundred six.
20. Thirty-two.
25. Two hundred ten.
21. Seventy
-nine.
26. Three hundred nine.
22. Eighty-
one.
2T. Four hundred sixty.
23. Ninety-
seven.
28. Six hundred forty-five,
29. One thousand two hundi-ed fifty-six.
30. Three thousand five hundred sixty-three.
31. Five thousand two hundred fifty-one.
6
82
F
1
PRIMARY
LESSON
XO.
Write and read : —
(10
(20
(30
(40
10
111
400
123
15
125
500
456
23
362
440
789
61
410
444
321
70
397
555
654
(5.)
(60
(70
(80
1234
3456
3000
2640
2000
5463
3003
1346
2200
5602
4500
2132
5550
6052
4005
3671
6789
2005
7077
2005
(90
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
1422
3405
2231
9834
6171
6725
3225
8352
3140
4IO6
4252
6761
1233
4455
734
365
Write in figures : —
13. Seventeen.
14. Seventy-one. '
15. Ninety-nine.
16. One hundred.
17. Ninety-three.
19. One hundred eleven.
20. Two hundred three.
21. Three hundred three.
22. Four hundred forty-four.
23. Seven hundred eighty.
24. Eight hundred nineteen.
18. Three hundred.
25. One thousand one hundred twelve.
26. Two thousand five hundred fifty.
27. Eight thousand sixty-seven.
28. Nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine.
ARITHMETIC.
LESSOIT XOI.
1. Ho-^ may numbers be expressed? By words.
2. What is the method of expressing numbers by fig-
uies called? The Arabic Method.
3. Why is it so called? Because it was obtained
from the Ai'abs.
4. What character besides figures are sometimes used
in expressing numbers? Letters.
5. How many different letters are used? Seven.
6. Name the letters. I, V, X, L, C, D, M.
7. For what number does the letter I stand? One.
8. For what number does the letter Y stand? Five.
9. For what number does the letter X stand? Ten.
10. For what number does the letter L stand? Fifty.
11. For what number does the letter C stand?
One Hundred.
12. For what number does the letter M stand?
One Thousand.
13. What is the method of expressing numbers by
letters called ? The Roman Method.
14. Why is it so called ? Because it was obtained
from the Romans..
Write the letter standing: —
15. For one. 19. For one hundred.
16. For five. 20. For five hundred.
IT. For ten. 21. For one thousand.
18. For lirty.
84
PRIMARY
LESSOIT XOII.
1. What is the effect of repeating a letter? Repeat-
ing a letter repeats the number it denotes.
2 If then I stands for one, for how many do III
stand ? Three.
3. What is expressed by writing a letter denoting a,
less number before a letter denoting a greater number?
The Difference of those numbers.
4. If then X stands for ten, for how many does IX
stand ? For the difference between one and ten, or nine.
5. What is expressed by writing a letter denoting a
less number after a letter denoting a greater number?
The Sum of those numbers.
6. If then L stands for fifty, for how many do LI
stand? Fifty and one, or fifty-one.
7. Write the letters of the following table, and tell
the numbers expressed.
Numbers.
Letters.
Numbers.
Letters.
One,
I.
Thirty,
XXX.
Two,
II.
Forty,
XL.
Three,
III.
Fifty,
L.
Four,
IV.
Sixty,
LX.
Five,
Y.
Seventy,
LXX.
Six,
YL
Eighty,
LXXX.
'Seven,
YII.
Ninety,
XC.
Eight,
YIII.
One hundred.
c.
Nine,
IX.
Two hundred,
cc.
Ten,
X.
Five hundred.
D.
Eleven,
XL
Six hundred.
DC.
Twenty,
XX.
One thousand,
M.
ARITHMETIC. 85
LESSOIT XOIII.
1. How many are 7 and 3 ? 6 and 5 and 1 ?
2. What is addition ? Addition is tlie finding a
number equal to two or more numbers of the same kind.
3. What number is equal to 9 and 4 ?
4. What IS the sum of two or more numbers? The
Sum of two or more numbers is that number which is
equal to those numbers.
5. What is the
sum of 8 and 5?
Of 6
and 7?
How many are
(6.)
(T.)
(8.)
9. 2 and 2?
17. 1 and 5?
25.
4
and 4?
10 3 ana 2?
18. 6 and 2?
26.
5
and 5?
11. 4 and 6?
19. 5 and 7?
27.
6
and 6?
12. 2 and 4?
20. 8 and 1?
28.
4
and 5?
13. 5 and 3?
21. 1 and 3?
29.
5
and 2?
14. 3 and 6?
22. 6 and 5?
30.
10
and 3 ?
15. 1 and 9?
23. 9 and 0?
31.
5
and 10?
16. 7 and 4?
24. 5 and 8?
32.
11
and 5?
WBITTBX EXERCISES.
Write and add:
(33.) (34.)
(35.) (36.)
(37.)
(38.)
16 17
60 13
14
16
31 11
70 33
30
16
41 42
55 40
12
'
34
v39.) (40.)
(41.) (42.)
(43.)
(44.)
167 564
271 924 •
516
810
710 432
808 442
731
201
311 500
520 412
102
401
86 PRIMARY
LESSON XOIV.
How many are
1. 2 and 2 and 1? 9. 4 and 3 and 7?
2. 3 and 2 and 2? • 10. 8 and 1 and 0?
3. 5 and 3 and 3? 11. 9 and 2 and 5?
4. 7 and 1 and 4? 12. . 2 and 6 and 1?
5. 6 and 4 and 5? 13. 10 and 5 and 4?
6. 1 and 9 and 6? 14. 6 and 1 and 3?
7. 10 and 2 and 8? 15. 11 and 4 and 7?
8. 11 and 5 and 4? 16. 12 and 3 and 7?
WRITTEN EXERCISES,
Write
and add : -
—
(17.)
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
(22.)
610
612
171
143
816
771
132
390
301
261
191
117
70
10
112
412
101
231
(23.)
(24.)
(25.)
(26.)
(27.)
(28.)
781
257
126
391
182
910
631
861
275
710
921
297
(29.)
(30.)
(31.)
(32.)
(33.)
(34.)
416
413
103
129
812
700
112
142
451
310
104
511
301
603
261
230
222
132
(35.)
(36.)
(37.)
(38.)
(39.1
4131
5410
7102
8201
9102
4121
3444
1703
2143
1034
(40.)
(41.)
(42.)
(43.)
(44.)
4831
9102
1111
1345
9810
7201
6132
9109
19
1518
ARITHMETIC. 87
LESSON XOV.
1. What is the sign of addition? The Sign of
Addition is an erect cross, -j-, and is called p/i<s.
2. In 3 + 2, what does the sign denote ? It denotes
that 3 and 2 are to be added.
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
Write and add : —
3. m + 315 + 162. 8. 205 + 79 + 446.
4. 31 + 109+906. 9. 515+ 304+ 79.
5. 38 + 90 + 115. 10. 106 + 412 + 112.
6. 130 + 412 + 55. 11. 316 + 532 + 230.
7. 316 + 214 + 100. 12. 1631 + 8102 + 3120.
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
1241
6130
2712
1717
1007
3212
1021
7181
1202
2100
4106
1210
1104
1102
1527
1210
1418
3010
3370
1013
18. Add together 4, 6, 3, 10, 15, 11, 16, 70, and
35.
19. A farmer has in one pasture 162 sheep, and in
another pasture 217. How many has he in both '
pastures ?
20. A man gave 125 dollars for a chaise, 250 dollars
for a horse, and 30 dollars for a harness. How much
did they all cost him?
21. John has 63 apples, Henry 129, and Thomas
86. How many have they in all ?
88 PRIMARY
22. Samuel is 14 years old, John 19 years, and
their father 50 years. What is the sum of their ages?
23. In an orchard 421 trees bear apples, 125 bear
pears, 78 bear cherries, 69 bear peaches, and 10 bear
plums. How many trees are there in all?
24. A merchant paid 1630 dollars for cloth, and
5167 dollars for other goods. How much did he pay
for the whole?
25. A butcher sold 475 pounds of beef to one man,
684 pounds to another, and 986 pounds to another.
How many pounds did he sell in all?
LESSOIT XOVI.
1. If 4 be taken from 9, how many will remain?
6 from 7? 8 from 15?
2. "What is subtraction? Subtraction is the takincr
of one number from another of the same kind, to find
their difference.
3. What is the difference between two numbers ?
The Difference between two numbers is that which is
left after taking the one from the other.
4. AVhat is the larger of the two given numbers in
subtraction called? The Minuend.
5 What is the smaller of the two given numbers
in subtraction called? The Subtrahend.
6. What is the difference between 9 and 3? 13
and 5? 18 and 9?
7. What is the difference between 10 and 4? 15
and 9? 17 and 8?
ARITUMETIC.
i
WniTTEN
EXERCISES,
"Write and subtract : —
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
55
58
62
73
81
96
24
41
12
32
41
75
(U.)
(15.)
(IG.)
(17.)
(18.)
(19.)
28
37
21
32
25
44
19
26
16
24
16
42
(20.)
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
(24.)
(25.)
55
63
71
84
81
94
41
58
19
%5
11
85
89
\
LESSOIT XOYII.
Leaves liow many? should be put by the teacher after
each of the following combination of numbers.
1.
2 from
4
15.
1 from
8
29.
2 from 11
2.
4 from
6
16.
3 from
7
30.
4 from 13
3.
6 from
i
17.
2 from
6
31.
5 from 11
4.
3 from
5
18.
4 from
9
32.
6 from 14
5.
1 from
9
19.
5 from
6
33.
1 from 10
6.
5 from
8
20.
6 from
10
34.
8 from 16
7.
8 from
9
21.
4 from
8
35.
7 from 9
8.
4 from
5
22.
7 from
11
36.
6 from 15
9.
5 from
7
23.
8 from
10
37.
8 from 11
10.
3 from
6
24.
6 from
15
38.
4 from 12
11.
2 from
8
25.
3 from
11
39.
3 from 8
12.
3 from
9 .
26.
5 from
9
40.
8 from 13
13.
4 from 4
27.
8 from
12
41.
from 9
14.
7 from
8
28.
9 from
17
42.
9 from 18
90
PRIMARY
43. What is the sign of subtraction? The Sign of
Subtraction is a short horizontal line, — , and is
called minus.
44. In 5 — 2, what does the sign denote? It do-
notes that two is to be subtracted from five.
WRITTEN EXEMCISES.
\\^rite and subtract
•
•
45. 14 7.
50. 68
-9.
46. 19 11.
51. 87 —
-63.
47. 34 8.
52. 92-
-13.
48. 75 25.
53. 68
-16.
49. 83 — 34.
54. 77-
-28.
(55.) (56.) -^
(57.)
(58.)
(59.)
(60.)
363 728
bm
479
623
784
141 128
323
246
101
342
(61.)
783
572
(62.)
894
265
(63.)
932
303
(64.)
844
326
(65.)
724
617
(66.)
975
846
(67.)
547
256
(68.)
568
370
(69.)
433
152
(70.)
455
163
(71.)
719
431
(72.)
880
780
(73.)
2602
1402
(74.)
2162
1052
(75.)
7160
1000
(76.)
1000
100
(77.)
8443
4523
78. If a boat-load of corn be bought for 415 dollars
and sold for 528 dollars, how many dollars will be
gained by the sale ?
79. A house which cost 1785 dollars was sold for
1672 dollars. For how many dollars less than the cost
was it sold?
ARITHMETIC. 91
LESSON XOVIII.
1. How many are 6 times 7? 4 times 3?
2. "What is multiplication? Multiplication is the
takins: a number a certain number of times.
3. What is a product? A Product is the result
of a multiplication.
4. What is the number to be multiplied or taken
called? - '^^^The Multiplicand.
5. What is the number given to multiply by called?
The Multiplier.
WBITTEX
EXERCISES.
(6.)
0)
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
51
42
62
71
81
52
4
4
3
5
5
5
(12.)
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
121
424
841
426
304
128
4
2
3
5
4
5
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
216
412
402
211
201
631
6
6
7
9
9
7
(24.)
(25.)
(26.)
(27.)
(28.)
(29.)
323
410
622
913
412
713
3
4
4
3
5
2
(30.)
(31.)
(32.)
(33.)
(34.)
(35.)
614
735
101
901
420
814
7
8
9
9
8
8
92
PRIMARY
LESSON XOIX.
1. Recite the table : —
2 times
3 times
4 times
5 times
6 times
7 timies
1 are 2
1 are 3
1 are 4
1 are 5
' 1 are 6
1 are 7
2 " 4
2
' 6
2 " 8
2 " 10
2 '
' 12
2 '
' 14
3 '^ 6
3
' 9
3 " 12
3 " 15
3 '
' 18
3 '
' 21
4 " 8
4
'12
4 " 16
4 " 20
4 '
' 24
4 '
' 28
5 '^0
5
15
5 " 20
5 " 25
5 '
' 30
5 '
' 35
6 '^12
6
'18
6 " 24
6 " 30
6 '
' 36
6 '
' 42
T '' 14
7
'21
7 " 28
7 " 35
7 '
' 42
7 '
' 49
8 '' 16
8 '
'24
8 " 32
8 " 40
8 '
' 48
8 '
' 56
9 ''18
9
"27
9 " 36
9 " 45
9 '
' 54
9 '
' 63
10 '' 20
10
'30
10 " 40
10 " 50
10 '
' 60
10 '
' 70
11 "22
11
'33
11 " 44
11 " 55
11 '
' m
11 '
' 77
12 " 24
12 '
' 36
12 " 48
12 " 60
12 '
'72
12 '
' 84
WRITTEN EXJERCISES.
Multiply
(2.)
2123
8
(3.)
3231
3
a-)
4142
2
(5.)
6104
2
(6.)
7221
4
(7.)
6013
(8.)
7102
(9.)
5211
(10.)
5212
(11.)
1234
4
5
5
4
6
(12.)
" 2136
(13.)
3401
(14.)
2725
(15.)
1710
(IG.)
1061
6
6
7
7
8
(17.)
4131
(18.)
^ 7121
(19.)
6012
(20.)
2041
(21.)
8106
8
7
9
9
9
ARITHMETIC
9B
LESSON 0.
1. Recite the table : —
8 times
9 times
10 times
11 times
12 times
1 are
8
1 are 9
1
are 10
1 are 11
1 are 12
2 ''
16
• 18
2
'' 20
2 '
' 22
2 '
' 24
8 '^
24
3
^ 27
3
" 30
3 '
' 33
3 '
' 36
4 ''
32
4
' 36
4
" 40
4 '
c 44
4 '
' 48
5 '^
40
5
^ 45
5
" 50
5 '
' 55
5 '
' 60
6 ''
48
6
' 54
6
'' 60
6 '
' Q6
6 '
' 72
7 "
56
7
' 63
7
'^ 70
7 '
'. 77
7 '
' 84
8 '^
64
8
' 72
8
'' 80
8 '
' 88
8 '
' 96
9 "
72
9
' 81
9
'' 90
9 '
' 99
9 '
' 108
10 ^^
80
10
' 90
10
" 100
10 '
'110
10 '
' 120
11 ''
88
11
' 99
11
'' 110
11 '
' 121
11 '
' 132
12 ''
96
12
^ 108
12
'' 120
12 '
' 132
12 '
' 144
How many
2. 2 times 3
3. 3 times 4
4. 5 times 1
5. 6 times 3
6. 4 times 6
7. 3 times 3
8. 5 times 5
9. 7 times 3
10. 8 times 4
11. 9 times 6
12. 6 times
13. 7 times 8
14. 4 times 8
15. 5 times 6
16. 8 times 8
are
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
6 times 6 ?
3 times 6 ?
2 times 10 ?
2 times 9?
7 times 6 ?
9 times 7?
5 times 9 ?
9 times 0?
6 times 12?
7 times 10?
10 times 8?
8 times 7 ?
7 times 9 ?
11 times 6?
9 times 11 ?
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
4
7
2
8
4
5
6
8
7
8
9
43. 9
44. 8
45. 7
46. 10
times 4 ?
times 5 ?
times 8 ?
times 4 ?
times 11 ?
times 7 ?
times
times
times
times
times
times 12?
times 10?
times 12?
times 10?
8?
8?
7?
9?
9?
94 PRIMARY
LESSON 01.
WniTTEN EXJEMCISES.
1. Multiply 11 by 4.
2. Multiply 12 by 3.
3. Multiply 23 by 4.
4. Multiply 42 by 5.
5. Multiply 113 by 6.
6. Multiply 233 by 7.
7. Multiply 761 by 5.
8. Multiply 443 by 8.
9. If a man travel 35 miles in one day, how far
will he travel in 9 clays?
10. There are 63 gallons in one hogshead. How
many gallons in 6 hogsheads?
11. How many are 7 times 162?
12. If a man earn 650 dollars in one year, how
many dollars will he earn in 8 years?
13. If the distance through the earth is 7920 miles,
and the distance round it three times as much, how
many miles is it round the earth?
LESSON Oil.
1. What is the sign of multiplication? The Sign
of Multiplication is an inclined cross, X, and is read
multiplied by.
2. In 5 X 4, what does the sign denote? It de-
notes that 5 is to be multiplied by 4.
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
Write and multiply : —
3. 1060^X12.
4. 3257 X 9.
5. 6210 X 8.
6. 1147 X 13.
ARITHMETIC,
v^
(7.)
(5-)
Multiply
123
Multiply
4143
By
21
123
By
32
8286
246
2583
]
12429
Product
:*ro(luct 132576
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
(13.)
3012
781
1234
706
1401
13
14
23
41
51
LESSON OIII
. 1
(1.)
(2.)
Multiply
1321
Multiply
4024
Bj
25
By^
31
(3.)
a.)
(5.) i
(G.)
(7.)
4121
1341
6026 V
6206
1007
22
33
15
51
91
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
146
4040
8125
913
1403
55
11
12
47
64
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
1111
170
1561
1044
1101
42
19
83
m
20
95
96
PRIMARY
18. How much will 1050 barrels of flour cost at 14
dollars per barrel?
19. A farmer has in his farm 642 acres. How
much is it worth at 40 dollars per acre?
LESSOIT OIV.
1. In 24 how many times 4? How many times 6?
How many times 8 ?
2. What is division? Division is the findino- how
many times one number is contained in another.
3. What is a quotient? A Quotient is the result
of a division.
4. What is the number to be divided called?
The Dividend.
5. What is the number given to divide by called?
The Divisor.
6. What is a remainder? A Remainder is that
which is left after dividing.
7. Recite the table : —
1 in
2 in
3 in
4 in
5 in
1, 1 time
2,
1 time
3,
1 time
4,
1 time
5,
1 time
2, 2 times
4.
2 times
6,
2 times
8,
2 times
10,
2 times
3, 3 "
6,
3 "
9,
3 "
12,
3 "
15,
3 "
4, 4 "
8,
4 "
12,
4 "
16,
4 "
20,
4 "
5, 5 "
10,
5 "
15,
5 "
20,
5 "
25,
5 "
6, G "
12,
6 "
18,
6 "
24,
6 "
30,
6 **
7, 7 -
14,
7 "
21,
7 "
28,
7 "
35,
7 "
8, 8 "
16,
8 "
24,
8 "
32,
8 "
40,
8 "
9, 9 *'
18,
9 "
27,
9 "
36,
9 "
45,
9 "
10, 10 " .
20,
10 "
30,
10 "
40,
10 '*
50,
10 "
ARITHMETIC.
97
LESSON OV.
1. Recite the table : —
6 in
7 in
8 in
9 in
10 in
6, 1 time
7,
1 time
8,
1 time
9,
1 time
10, Itime
12, 2 times
14,
2 times
16,
2 limes
18,
2 times
20, 2 times
18, 3 "
21,
3 "
24,
3 "
27,
3 "
30, 3 "
24, 4 "
28,
4 "
32,
4 "
36,
4 *'
40, 4 *'
30, 5 *'
35,
5 "
40,
5 "
45,
6 "
50, 5 *'
36, 6 '*
42,
6 "
48,
6 "
54,
6 "
60, 6 "
42, 7 -
49,
7 '♦
56,
7 "
63,
7 "
70, 7 *'
48, 8 "
56,
8 "
64,
8 "
72,
8 ♦'
80, 8 *'
54, 9 ♦♦
63,
9 ♦'
72.
9 "
81,
9 "
90, 9 "
60, 10 -
70,
10 "
80,
10 "
90,
10 "
100, 10 **
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
(2.)
(3.)
(1)
(5.)
(6.)
2)542
4)844
3)648
5)510
6)612
8)816
(12.)
2)43
(8.)
8)824
(13.)
3)68
21, 1 rem.
(17.)
4)486
(22.)
5)654
(18.)
5)256
(23.)
7)804
(9.)
7)721
(14.)
4)167
(19.)
6)103
(24.)
6)252
(10.)
7)847
(15.)
4)847
(20.)
7)4900
(25.)
8)645
(11.)
9)918
(16.)
5)563
(21.)
8)254
(26.)
6)726
27. Divide 484 by 4.
28. Divide 515 by 5.
29. Divide 618 by 6.
30. Divide 847 by 7.
7
31.
32.
33.
34.
Divide 910 by 8.
Divide 521 by 7.
Divide 1631 by 4.
Divide 9199 by 9.
98 PRIMARY
LESSON
OYI.
WJtITTJEX EXERCISES.
(1.)
(2.)
(3.)
(1.)
7)8610
6)6846
3)1089
5)7505
(5.)
(6.)
0-)
(8.)
9)4680
8)1040
4)1745
2)3568
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
6)3242
9)1782
6)4102
8)4128
(13.(
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
4)4890
7)2435
(18.)
8)1950
(19.)
6)4320
(17.)
(20.)
5)2533
3)1000
7)4963
9)2040
21. A certain school of 125 scholars is divided into
5 equal divisions. How many scholars in each di\d-
sion?
22. A bridge is 363 feet long, and consists of 3
arches of equal length. How many feet in each arch?
23. 147 dollars have been equally divided betweei}
7 men. How many dollars did each receive?
24. A farmer has 279 acres of land divided into 9
equal lots. How many acres are there in each lofi*
25. 8 is contained in 248 how many times?
26. A man divided equally between his 6 sons 258^
dollars. How many dollars did each receive?
ARITHMETIC. 99
LESSON C
)YII.
How
manj
' times
1.
3
ill
12?
19.
4
in
20?
37.
2
in 18?
55.
10
in
50?
2.
2
ill
14?
20.
7
in
28?
38.
8
in 16?
56.
7
in
56?
3.
5
in
20?
21.
10
in
30?
39.
7
in 49?
57.
9
in
18?
4.
6
ill
18?
22.
3
in
27?
40.
6
in 36?
58.
8
in
16?
5.
4
in
16?
23.
4
in
36?
41.
2
in 20?
59.
7
in
70?
6.
9
in
54?
24.
2
in
16?
42.
8
in 48?
60.
10
in
90?
7.
1
in
10?
25.
3
in
24?
43.
5
in 50?
61.
8
in
56?
8.
5
in
45?
26.
10
in
20?
44.
4
in 32?
62.
6
in
48?
9.
3
in
30?
27.
8
in
40?
45.
7
in 35?
63.
10
in
90?
10.
4
in
40?
28.
5
in
35?
46.
3
in 21?
64.
8
in
641^
n.
7
in
63?
29.
6
in
54?
47.
8
in 80?
65.
9
in
72?
12.
8
in
72?
30.
9
in
81?
48.
10
in 60?
66.
10
in
100?
13.
6
in
42?
31.
3
in
36?
49.
3
in 27?
67.
8
in
32?
14.
7
in
49?
32.
4
in
44?
50.
2
in 24?
68.
6
in
72?
15.
5
in
35?
33.
6
in
24?
51.
6
in 54?
69.
9
in
36?
16.
8
in
24?
34.
9
in
81?
52.
5
in 35?
70.
4
in
44?
17.
9
in
90?
35.
10
in
40?
Do.
9
in 72?
71.
10
in
110?
18.
7
in
84?
36.
11
in
77?
54.
10
in 80?
72.
12
in
144?
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
73. If a man travel 315 miles in 9 days, how far
will he travel in 1 day?
74. How many times is 9 contained in 1341 ?
75. A man divided 6314 dollars equally among his
5 sons : how much did each receive ?
76. If a man earned 5200 dollars in 8 years, how
many dollars did he earn in one year?
77. At the rate of 7 miles an hour, in how many
hours can you travel 343 miles?
78. In one quart there are 8 gills; how many quarts
are there in 1008 gills?
100
PRIMARY
LESSON OYIII.
1. What is the sign of division? The Sign of Divi-
sion is a short line with a dot above and belovf it, -^,
and is read divided by.
2. In 8 -i- 2, what does the sign denote? It denotes
that 8 is to be divided bj 2.
WniTTEN .
t:xeb,cises.
Write and divide: —
•■
(3.)
8)1976
8)1976(247
16
(5.)
12)9217(768-f-V
84
247
(6.)
11)4521(
37
32
56
81
72
97
96
1
9)1760( -^
(8.)
% 13)4578(
(9.)
6)2784(
(10.)
14)5754(
(11.)
15)3525(
(12.)
8)3219(
(13.)
12)4980(
(U.)
16)6880(
. (15.)
10)6672(
(16.)
20)6280(
(17.)
17)9541(
(18.)
31)1542(
(19.)
22)46266(
(20.)
40)88440(
(21.)
18)37848(
(22.)
19)57409(
23. 5636 -
24. 7340-
-M4.
: 15.
25. \
26.^
^9190 -^ 13.
54915 : 17.
ARITHMETIC.
lUl
LESSON
OIX.
WJtlTTEy^ EXERCISES.
(1)
(2.)
(3.)
(4.)
13)2T35(
22)4640(
24)5165(
9)2731(
(5.)
(6.)
('.)
(8.)
15)45T1(
17)4144(
4)63750(
10)4573(
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
21)7231(
24)48o0(
6)3376(
22)185o0(
(13.)
(U.)
(15.)
(IG.)
9)39919(
5)67405(
18)37960(
9)6347(
(IT.)
(18.)
(19.)
(20.)
7)11422(
11)6715(
16)64054(
21)5749(
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
(24.)
11)6746(
17)8164(
8)7581(
15)77035(
— 25. If 1965 apple-trees are planted in 15 rows, how
many trees in a row?
26. How many barrels of flour at 14 dollars a barrel
can be bought for 3308 dollars?
'27: Bought a farm for 4000 dollars at 25 dollars
an acre; how many acres did it contain?
28. A farmer sold 20 horses for 4500 dollars; how
much did he get apiece?
29. Bought hay for 4650 dollars, at 15 dollars a
ton ; how many tons did I buy ?
30. How many coats, at 16 dollars each, can be
bought for 5420 dollars?
Hi
YA
-/ V^
PRIMARY
LESSON OX.
r\L
1.
Add 4 to 6.
9.
Take^from 10.
2.
Add 7 to 9.
10.
Take f from 16.
3.
Add 3, to 8.
11.
Take 3 from 11.
4v
Add 6 to 3.
12.
Take 6 from 9.
5.
Add 2 to 7.
13.
Take 2 from 9.
6.
Add 5 to 5.
14.
Take 5 from 10.
7.
Add 8 to 2.
15.
Take 8 from 10.
8.
Add 9 to 5.
16.
Take 9 from 14.
WRITTEN EXERCISES.
(1) (2.)
(3.)
(1.)
(5.) (6.)
12 81
47
116
621 1004
31 67
37
311
710 4316
Id
62 11
44
341
205 715
35 9
21
173
319 131
40 15
8
95
142 177
^ (7.) (8.)
From 1945 6745
Take 674 1636
(9.) (10.) (11.) (12.
1360 7937 46004 96345
454 6746 12305 62164
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(16.)
(17.)
(18.)
From 3456
397
4720
91340
8123
83406
Take 1747
298
(20.)
455
(21.)
78241
6140
(23.)
74544
^ (19.)
(22.)
(24.)
From 4634
2763
1631
1572
7344
6420
Take 1725
475
146
443
2575
4382
/
^
By
ARITHMETIC
1U5
LESSON OXI.
low many are
How
many times
1. 6
times
7?
15
7 in
42?
2. 8
times
5?
16.
4 in
40?
3. 5
times
3?
17.
3 in
15?
4. T
times
4?
18.
4 in
28? '
5. 3
times
10?
19.
10 in
30?
6. 4
times
9?
20.
9 in
36?
7. 8
times
6?
21.
6 in
48?
8. 9
times
9?
22.
9 in
81?
9. 8
times
6?
23.
8 in
48?
10. 7
times
8?
24.
< in
b^l
11. 5
times
9?
25.
9 in
45?
12. 6
times
8?
26.
6 in
48?
13. 7
times
7?
27.
9
7 in
49?
14. 8
times
10?
28.
8 in
80?
WRITTEX EXERCISES.
t<^^
(1-)
(2.)
(3.) (4.)
(5.)
(6.)
Itiply '
(367
1406
167 4015
44416
61706
6
12
8 23
16
25
5^
('•)
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
Multiply 314
1709
2235
4625
789
40310
By 13
31
28
20
33
64
(13.)
(14.)
(15.)
(IG.)
(17.)
(18.)-
12)3147( 8)8405( 6)714( 15)4650( 4)774( 25)2575(
(19.)
(20.)
(21.)
(22.)
(23.)
13)2730( 4)67454( 21)45164( 7)196T( 9)17740f
104 PRIMARY ARITHMETIC.
LESSON OZII.
WRITTEN EXEItCISES.
1. In Smith's farm there are 325 acres, and in
Hale's farm 26-i acres. How many acres are there in
both farms?
2. In one town there are 450 voters, and in another
673. How many more in one than in the other?
3. A miller ground 315 bushels of grain in one day,
and 451 bushels in the next. How many bushels did
he grind in both days ? ^
4. In one week there are 7 days; how many days
are there in 52 weeks?
5. How many casks of 3 bushels each will be re-
quired to hold 561 bushels of potatoes?
6. How much can a man earn in 45 weeks at 18
dollars a week?
7. If you can solve 16 problems in one day, how
many can you solve in 312 days?
8. A boy wishes to divide 1144 apples . equally among
22 school-fellows; how many can he give each?
9. How many barrels of flour at 10 dollars a barrel
can be bought for 4160 dollars?
10. In one bushel there are 4 pecks ; how many
pecks are there in 564 bushels?
«1. If a shoemaker can make 12 pairs of shoes in
week, how many pairs can he make in 52 weeks?
12. If 4160 dollars be paid for 416 barrels of flour,
what is the cost per "barrel?
1
I
m 35819
U. C. BERK
LEY
BRARIES
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