' 5?"/ Iff, 
 
 ll'U^^ 
 
 ^ ■ /• LjUdO. jT, 
 
ISSUED IN THE RtALTO SERIES. 
 
 The Abbe Constantin. 
 
 By LUDOVIC HALEVY. 
 
 With 36 beautiful halftone engravings from the original illus- 
 trations by Mme. IMadeleiiie Lemaire. 
 Double Namber, in paper cover, $1.00; half morocco, $2.00. 
 
 For Sale at all Booksellers and News Stands. 
 
 This exquisitely beautiful story has won its way into the 
 hearts of many people in many lands, and so long as unsel- 
 lish love, modest nobility, and humble devotion to duty are 
 regarded as admirable ; so long as manly men and womanly 
 women are regarded as lovable,— so long will this story be 
 admired and loved. To the perfect touch of the author, Mme. 
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 artist of fine taste and skill ; and the book, as it now appears, 
 embellished with her beautiful designs, is one of the tinest 
 things in literature of this class. 
 
 Send for complete catalogue. 
 
 RAND, MCNALLY & CO., 
 
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THE 
 
 N 
 
 POLYGLOT 
 
 PRONouNcmG Hand-Book. 
 
 a ley 
 
 Tf) THK Cf)i;RKrT l'IU)XT-X('IATI()N OF Cl-RUEXT GEOGRAPHICAL 
 
 AXJ-) oTiii:u i'i:'jr:::i nami:s fiiom foheign languages. 
 
 D. G. II 
 // 
 
 A^Mix^4^ 
 
 chicago and new york: 
 
 Rand, McNally &. Company, Puelishbrs. 
 
 1890. 
 
(r I OS 
 
 CCPYRIGHT iSSq, ]!Y Rand, McNali.y & Co 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This little hand-book, though it may prove a welcome 
 convenience to many a student, is not meant especially 
 for the use of scholars. If it might choose a public, it 
 would be the public of newspaper readers. Its aim is 
 merely to tell to any one of that somewhat extended circle, 
 how to pronounce perhaps nine out of ten of the names of 
 persons or places the world over, to be met in the columns 
 of English or American newspapers. Even this modest 
 aim it does not claim to accomplish, in either extent or 
 manner, perfectly. So small a book can not well give the 
 means of so much as guessing at the sound of even nine- 
 tenths of all the names in the world. No book can 
 l)erfectly convey to persons who know only English, 
 sounds that do not occur in English. This particular 
 book does not profess to give, even by approximation, the 
 sounds of any language in its entirety. As to the pro- 
 nunciation of many languages, there are rules and exceptions 
 which do not affect proper names, yet of which the 
 statement or adequate illustration would occupy space 
 that could be ill afforded in the; plan of so compact and 
 small a volume, viiiile their omission would be seldom felt, 
 even in a study of the language as a whole. 
 
 What the book does give, liowever, it claims to give 
 promptly and simply, without much turning of leaves, 
 witliout slow and doubtful interpretation of a complex 
 system of phonetic symbols, and in a manner to be under- 
 stood at a glance. In most languages of Europe, as also 
 in those of other regions of the globe, from which names 
 come before English-speaking readers with comparative 
 uniformity of pronunciation, these names are classed 
 according to the letters or combinations of letters occurring 
 in them which have a value other than the English value. 
 The name and its sound are close together; with possiblj^ 
 the exception of a single language, all the sounds of all the 
 names in a language are placed at one glance before the 
 eye, within the compass of one, or at most of two, small 
 pages. Where the irregularity of pronunciation is too 
 
 4:il4M 
 
ri; F.I ACE. 
 
 gi-edt i'oi' ^'uvih^ claosifieatioh, the names are arranged in 
 alphabetical lists as comprehensive as they could well be 
 made in accordance with the plan of the book. 
 
 In bespeaking indulgence for the inevitable short-coniiii.us 
 of his book, the compiler must plead excuses, the full 
 weight of which can be felt only by those who have been 
 engaged in similar work. Even in so thoroughly finished 
 and polished a language as tin; French he has not had the 
 fortune to find a single grammar that gave the sounds of 
 the language really exhaustive treatment, nor any two 
 whose treatment of them agreed in all points. In the 
 Slavic and other languages of Eastern Europe, as well as 
 in those of other quarters of the world, not only is the 
 unsettled condition of the pionunciation often made worse 
 by the intermingling of distinct races on the same soil, but 
 this double confusion is still worse confounded by the 
 extreme carelessness of translators, thiough whose tians- 
 literation alone do names from these languages commonly 
 come before English-speaking readers. There is no 
 assurance that an English translator, for instance, may not 
 use now English, now French, now German equivalents, 
 and that, not merely in the same volume, but in the same 
 word, and, if the word be long enough, in the same 
 occurrence of that word. A Russian, translating from the 
 Russian, may feel no obligation to any particular consistency 
 of method iii representing the sounds of his mother-tongue. 
 Such considerations, the compiler trusts, may suffice to 
 shield him from too large a share of responsibility for 
 defects in his work, of which he is beforehand well aware, 
 but which, he feels assured, will not prevent its proving a 
 very useful and convenient hand-book. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Afghanistan 41 
 
 Africa 48-49 
 
 Arabia .. 40 
 
 Belooclii.st;in . 41 
 
 Bohemian 32 
 
 British America 61-63 
 
 China- 44-45 
 
 Danish 20-2 1 
 
 Dutch 22-28 
 
 England, Scotland, and Ireland _ . 63-72 
 
 French 9-12 
 
 German 14-15 
 
 Hungarian 26-27 
 
 India 42-43 
 
 Italian 13 
 
 Japan 46 
 
 Mexico and Central America 52-53 
 
 Modern Greek 34-35 
 
 Northern Asia 47 
 
 Oceanica 73-75 
 
 Persia 41 
 
 Polish 30-31 
 
 Portuguese 18-19 
 
 Roumanian 39 
 
 Russian ', 28-20 
 
 Servian 33 
 
 South America 50-5 1 
 
 Spanish 16-17 
 
 Swedish 24r-25 
 
 Turkey in Asia 38 
 
 Turkey in Europe „.-. 36-37 
 
 United States 54-60 
 
 Welsh 70-77 
 
 (<) 
 
THE POLYGLOT PRONOUNCING 
 HAND-BOOK. 
 
 The mathematical sign of equality, =. throughout the book, 
 expresses the equivalence of characters connected by it. 
 
 
 FRENCH. 
 
 
 ji = a 
 
 in all 
 
 Cannes 
 
 kalin 
 
 
 
 Barras 
 
 ball-rail ' 
 
 am' = en 
 
 in encore 
 
 Chambery 
 
 chahnh-bai-ree' 
 
 ail' — en 
 
 in encore 
 
 Vauban 
 
 vo-bahnh' 
 
 c-^ = e 
 
 in battery 
 
 Chevreul 
 
 sho-vrol'4 
 
 
 
 Anquetil 
 
 ahnh-ko-tcel'' 
 
 e^ = e 
 
 in ebb 
 
 Etienne 
 
 a-tee-en' 
 
 
 
 Daguerre 
 
 dali-gherr' 
 
 (' = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Cr^billon 
 
 era bee-yonli' 
 
 
 
 Fenelon 
 
 fa-n'-lonh' 
 
 c = e 
 
 in there 
 
 Moliere 
 
 mo-lee-air' 
 
 
 
 Ampere 
 
 ahm-pair' 
 
 en' = en 
 
 in enc-ore 
 
 Argent euil 
 
 arr-zhonh^-to'-ee 
 
 
 
 Genlis 
 
 zhonli'-lee' 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Ivry 
 
 ee-vree' 
 
 
 
 Racine 
 
 rah-seen' 
 
 in' — an 
 
 in anchor 
 
 Ingre 
 
 anli*-gnT 
 
 
 
 Bernardin 
 
 bair-nar-drinh'*' 
 
 oil' = on 
 
 in monk 
 
 Bourdon 
 
 bour-donh' 
 
 
 
 Gougon 
 
 goo-gonli' 
 
 n = ti5 
 
 
 Bossii 
 
 bos-sii' 
 
 
 
 Bugeaud 
 
 bli-zho'' 
 
 1. After a vowel, m and n, when either final or followed by a con- 
 sonant which is neither m nor n, have a nasal sound very like that of 
 // in anchor, but somewhat less distinct. 2. e unaccented, if final, is 
 mute; elsewhere, except as in next remark, is obscure, as in batter. 
 :). When unaccented and before a consonant in the same syllable. 
 4. o represents, throughout the book, the obscure sound of i in sir or 
 of u in fur. 5. u represents, throughout the book, a sound unknown 
 in English and which is pei'haps most readily produced, if, while 
 uttering a broad ah and without interrupting the sound, the lips and 
 tongue are brought into position for whistling. Final consonants 
 are silent, excepting c, /, I., and r. G. a = a in Anne. 7. z/i = 2 in 
 liizure. 
 
 (9) 
 
10 
 
 TIIE rOLYGLOT 
 
 FRENCH— Com iniied. 
 
 onli* 
 
 ym j '^ 
 
 Lebrun 
 Yverdun 
 
 lo-bronli' 
 ee-vair-donh'' 
 
 Ivry 
 
 Ypres 
 
 ee-vree' 
 ee-pra' 
 
 in bee 
 
 in anchor Droiiyn droo-anli'' 
 
 1, 4, G. See notes on i)reee<linji: page. 
 
 ae = ah 
 
 
 Caen 
 
 kalinh 
 
 
 
 Stael 
 
 stahl 
 
 ai = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Aisne 
 
 Tine 
 
 
 
 Montaigne 
 
 monh-tane' 
 
 ai' = e 
 
 in there 
 
 Clairaut 
 
 clair-o 
 
 ai'^ = ah-ee 
 
 
 Baillet 
 
 bali-ee-yii' 
 
 aim = an 
 
 in anchor 
 
 Etain 
 
 fi-tahnli' 
 
 ain 
 
 
 Maintenon 
 
 manh-t-nonh' 
 
 ao = 5 
 
 in no 
 
 f^aone 
 
 sons 
 
 ao = ah-o 
 
 
 llaon I'Etape 
 
 rah-onli-leh-tahi 
 
 au = o 
 
 in no 
 
 Aulne 
 
 own 
 
 
 
 Auber 
 
 0-bair' 
 
 ay = iT 
 
 in ale 
 
 Aizenny 
 
 a-z'-mV 
 
 
 
 Baraghay 
 
 bah-rah-ga' 
 
 ean = alinh 
 
 
 Jean 
 
 zhahnh 
 
 ea -- fi-ah 
 
 
 St. Beas 
 
 sanh-ba-ah' 
 
 eau = 
 
 in no 
 
 Augereau 
 
 o-zh'-ro' 
 
 
 
 Sceaux 
 
 sO 
 
 ei = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Seine 
 
 siine 
 
 
 
 Lourdoueix 
 
 loor-doo-a' 
 
 fn \ = ^ 
 
 in anchor 
 
 
 
 em \ 
 
 
 
 
 eo =: 
 
 in bore 
 
 George 
 
 zhorzh 
 
 eo = a o 
 
 
 Deols 
 
 da-ol' 
 
 eu = o=i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Bayeux 
 
 bah-ee-o' 
 
 
 
 Argentcuil 
 
 ar-zhonh-to'-yih 
 
 ey = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Arveyron 
 
 ar-va-ronh' 
 
 
 
 Ney 
 
 na 
 
 ie = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Die 
 
 dee 
 
 ie = ee-eh 
 
 
 Mielan 
 
 mee-a-lanh' 
 
 oa = wah 
 
 
 Coarraze 
 
 kwar-rahz' 
 
 
 
 Langoat 
 
 lahn-gwah' 
 
 oe = o-a 
 
 
 Plancoet 
 
 plahnh-cO-il'' 
 
 
 
 Ploermel 
 
 pl5-air-mer 
 
 1. Commonly before r. 2. Commonly before II followed by a 
 vowel. In general, no rules are given by grammars for distinguishing 
 different values of single vowel-combinations on this page. 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 U 
 
 FREN( 'II— Continued. 
 
 oin — wfinh 
 
 ov = wii 
 
 in wale 
 
 in boot 
 
 in water 
 
 "y 
 
 Aniboise 
 
 Ijoileau 
 
 Joinville 
 
 Cysoing 
 
 Angoiilenie 
 
 Oiiftinot 
 
 Boyer 
 
 Jouffroy 
 
 j\[aupertuis 
 
 Cuisery 
 
 Briiyere 
 
 Luynes 
 
 ahnh-bwoz" 
 
 bwaw-ld' 
 
 zhwanli-veel'' 
 
 see-zw3nh' 
 
 ahnh-goo-lamc' 
 
 oo-dee-no' 
 
 bwaw-ya" 
 
 zhoo-frwaw' 
 
 nio-palr-twee' 
 
 kwee-zeh-ree' 
 
 brwee-yair' 
 
 hveen 
 
 clii = sh 
 
 g' = z 
 
 ui = 11 i_ 
 txn =r ni 
 
 gu = g 
 
 .i = '^- 
 
 iV' = ee 
 
 iii^ = y 
 
 (|U = k 
 
 s"' — z 
 sc- = ss 
 th = t 
 
 in kizure 
 
 in William 
 in minion 
 
 in get 
 
 in leizure 
 
 in bee 
 
 Champagne 
 
 ("hoiseul 
 
 Gironde 
 
 Oenlis 
 
 Broglie 
 
 Armagnac 
 
 Brougniart 
 
 Duguesclin 
 
 Guizot 
 
 Ajain 
 
 Joinville 
 
 Argenteuil 
 
 Chevreiil 
 
 Chantilly 
 
 Condillac 
 
 Anquetil 
 
 Esquirol 
 
 Amboise^ 
 
 Clioiseur 
 
 Sceaux 
 
 Scey 
 
 Thiers 
 
 Berthollet 
 
 Wailly 
 
 Watteau 
 
 shalim-pahu"* 
 
 shwoz-ol' 
 
 zhee-rond' 
 
 zhonh-lee' 
 
 brole-yee'' 
 
 ar-mahii-yahc' 
 
 broon yarr' 
 
 dii-guess-cUtnli'' 
 
 ghee-zo' 
 
 ah-zhanh' 
 
 zhwanh-veer 
 
 ar-zhonh-to'ce 
 
 sho-vror 
 
 shahnh-tee-yee' 
 
 conli-dee-yahk' 
 
 almh-keh-teer 
 
 ess-kee-ror 
 
 ahm-bwoz' 
 
 shwoz-ol 
 
 sso 
 
 ssO, 
 
 tee-air' 
 
 bair-tol-la' 
 
 vah-yee' 
 
 vah-to' 
 
 1. Except in names from Latin and Greek. 2. Before e, i, y. 
 3. Final and chiefly after vowels 4. Not initial nor before consonant. 
 5. Between vowels. 6. n — ni in minion. Of consonants between 
 vowels, only such as may begin a word join the second of two sylla- 
 bles. The syllables of a' French word are pronoimced with nearly 
 uniform stress, dwelling slightly, however, on the last. 
 
13 
 
 TIIK POT.YOI.OT 
 
 X = ks iu 
 
 x^ = gz in 
 
 X = ss in 
 
 X is silent in 
 
 z = 88 in 
 
 FRENCH— Com imied. 
 
 Aix 
 
 Aix-hi-Cliapelle 
 Auxy-le-Cli.lteau 
 , Tauxigny 
 Zex 
 
 Paixhans 
 Ajax 
 
 Alexandre 
 Xavier 
 Xerxes 
 
 Aix-en-Province 
 Auxerre 
 Auxonne 
 Bruxelles 
 Bayeux 
 Lourdoiieix 
 Sceaux 
 Metz 
 Suez 
 
 iikse 
 
 ukse-lah-shah-pel'' 
 
 o-ksee-lo- sliah-to ' 
 
 to-kseen-yee' 
 
 zheks 
 
 paliks-ahnh' 
 
 ali-zhahks' 
 
 ah-leks-anli'-dr 
 
 gzali-vee-fi' 
 
 gzair-ssess' 
 
 ace-onli pro-vrmhss' 
 
 o-sair' 
 
 o-sonn' 
 
 brii-ssel' 
 
 bl-yo', 
 
 loor-dooa' 
 
 so 
 
 metss 
 
 su-ess' 
 
 initial and after initial e. 
 
I'KoxoL ■^e ix(i iiand-uook 
 
 la 
 
 
 ITALIAN, 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 in all 
 
 Anialfi 
 
 ahniahr-fce 
 
 
 
 Caracei 
 
 kah-raht'-chec 
 
 e = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Veglia 
 
 vale" yah 
 
 
 
 Alfieri 
 
 ahl-fee-a'-rei! 
 
 i = ec 
 
 in bee 
 
 Piombini 
 
 )ee-om-bee'-nce 
 
 
 
 Bianehini 
 
 lee-ahn-kee'-nce 
 
 U = 00 
 
 in boot 
 
 Abruzzo 
 
 ah-broot'-so 
 
 
 
 Castrucei 
 
 cahss-troot'-chec 
 
 e' ^ I eh 
 
 
 Piaccnza 
 
 pce-ah-lchcnl'-sah 
 
 
 
 Cellini 
 
 tchel lee'-nec 
 
 ee' = tch 
 
 
 Ajaceio 
 
 ah-yaht'-cho 
 
 
 
 Vespucci 
 
 vess-poot'-chee 
 
 eh = k 
 
 
 Peschiera 
 
 pess-kee-e'-rah 
 
 
 
 Cherubini 
 
 ka-roo-bee'-nce 
 
 -g-i = dgii 
 
 in badge 
 
 :Maggiore 
 
 inah-jor'-rch 
 
 
 
 Coreggio 
 
 kor-red'-gee-o 
 
 fe^li = 1^- 
 
 in get 
 
 Alighieri 
 
 ali-lee-ghce-a' -rce 
 
 
 
 Borghese 
 
 bor-ga'-zch 
 
 gli = lli 
 
 in million 
 
 Garigliano 
 
 gall rcel-yah'-iio 
 
 
 
 Cagliostro 
 
 kalil-yce os'-tro 
 
 gii = hi 
 
 in minion 
 
 Campagna 
 
 kahm-pahn'-yah 
 
 
 
 Carmagnola 
 
 kahr-mahn-yo'-lali 
 
 j = cc 
 
 in bee 
 
 Jonielli 
 
 ee-o-mel'-lcc 
 
 
 
 Brescia 
 
 bi-csh'-shec-ah 
 
 •se = sli 
 
 
 Scioppius 
 
 shee-op'-pcc-ooss 
 
 sell = sk 
 
 
 Peschiera 
 
 pess-kee-a'-rali 
 
 
 
 Brunelleschi 
 
 broo-nel-les'-kce 
 
 z = ds 
 
 
 Zampieri 
 
 dsahm-pce-a''-rce 
 
 Z :•- tS 
 
 
 Lanzi 
 
 lalmt'-see 
 
 1. Before e and i. Two or more vo\rels together, each as if single 
 Double consonants dovibly distinct. Whole enunciation round and 
 
u 
 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 GEKMAN. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 ill all 
 
 Ranke 
 
 rahn'-keh 
 
 
 
 Hartmann 
 
 hart'-mahn 
 
 c= e 
 
 ill eh 
 
 Menzel 
 
 inen'-tsel 
 
 
 
 Mendelssohn 
 
 nien'-dels-zohn 
 
 i = CO 
 
 in bee 
 
 Ideler 
 
 ee'-deh-ler 
 
 
 
 Ihne 
 
 ee'-neh 
 
 i:=T 
 
 iu pin 
 
 Zillerthal 
 
 tsiK-ler-lahl 
 
 
 
 Kothsehild 
 
 rot'-shilt 
 
 11 ' = oo 
 
 in boot 
 
 Usedoni 
 
 oo'-zeh-doni 
 
 
 
 Uhland 
 
 oo'-lant 
 
 u2 = oo 
 
 in book 
 
 Adelung 
 
 ah'-deh-loong 
 
 
 
 Humbohlt 
 
 hooni'-bolt 
 
 u-*=u 
 
 
 Saarbriiek 
 
 sahr'-brl'ick 
 
 
 
 Rlickert 
 
 ru'-kert 
 
 y = (^« 
 
 in bee 
 
 Lychen 
 
 lee'-ch-hen 
 
 aa = a 
 
 in all 
 
 Aargaii 
 
 ahr'-gow 
 
 
 
 Waageii 
 
 vah'-ghen 
 
 au = 11= ac 
 
 in Gael 
 
 Laer (Lar) 
 
 laer (nearly lair) 
 
 
 
 Maeddler(Maddler) maed'-ler ' 
 
 ai = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Beliaim 
 
 beh'-hlme 
 
 
 
 JMittermaier 
 
 mit'ter-ml er 
 
 au — o\v 
 
 in eow 
 
 Zwikkau 
 
 tsvik'-kow 
 
 
 
 Aiierbach 
 
 6w'-er-bach-h 
 
 ay = 1 
 
 in pine 
 
 Thaya 
 
 tl'-ah 
 
 
 
 Mayer 
 
 nil'-er 
 
 eo = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Beethoven 
 
 ba'4o-ven 
 
 
 
 Heeren 
 
 ha'-ren 
 
 eir=i 
 
 in pine 
 
 Eisenach 
 
 I'-zen-ach-h 
 
 
 
 Keichenbach 
 
 rl'- eh-hen-bach-h 
 
 eo = eh-o 
 
 
 Leonhard 
 
 leh'-on-liart 
 
 
 
 Georg 
 
 gheh-orgh' 
 
 cu = oi 
 
 
 Eupen 
 
 oi'-pen 
 
 
 
 Leutze 
 
 loii'-seh 
 
 cy = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Seybusch 
 
 zl'-boosh 
 
 
 
 Heyse 
 
 hr-seh 
 
 ie = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Wien 
 
 veen 
 
 
 
 Tieek 
 
 teek 
 
 oe = (■) z= i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Goethe (Gothe; 
 
 1 go'-teh 
 
 
 
 Froebel 
 
 fio'-bcl 
 
 oo := d 
 
 in no 
 
 Langeroog 
 
 lahng'-er-ogh 
 
 OU = OO 
 
 in boot 
 
 Boiiterwek 
 
 boo'-ter-veiv 
 
 
 
 Houwald 
 
 hoo'-valt 
 
 1. At the end of a syllable or before an h in the same syllable. 
 2. Except as in 1. 3. To produce this sound, let the learner, while 
 uttering and without interrupting a broad «//, att-e>npt to whistle. 
 Accent in general on first syllable. 
 
rKONOUNCINO IIAXD-BOOK. 
 
 15 
 
 
 v — V 
 
 W* = V 
 
 Z =rtS 
 
 ch^ = cli-h 
 sell = .sli 
 thir. t 
 /.sell r^ tsli 
 
 GERMAN— Continued . 
 
 Taiibmaun 
 Lubke 
 Decius 
 ISalice 
 Friedland 
 Uliland 
 Angely 
 Genee 
 Schlegel 
 Sontag 
 in get Giessen 
 
 Poggendorf 
 
 Johannes 
 
 Jacobi 
 
 Quelle 
 
 Quiriuus 
 
 Vogelweide 
 
 Venedig 
 
 Beethoven 
 
 Wien 
 
 Schwartzeuberi 
 
 Zurieh 
 
 Zumpt 
 
 Gies.sbaeli 
 
 Fichte 
 
 Sehonbnnm 
 
 Scheffer 
 
 Barth 
 
 Thalberg 
 
 Zselioi)peu 
 
 Zschokke 
 
 towp'-mahn 
 
 liip'-keh 
 
 da'-tsee-oos 
 
 sah-leet'-seh 
 
 freed '-Ian t 
 
 oo'-lant 
 
 ahn'-zheh-lee 
 
 zho-nil" 
 
 shlegh'-el 
 
 son'-tagh 
 
 gees'-sen 
 
 pogg'-en-dorf 
 
 yo-han'-nase 
 
 yah-cd'-by 
 
 kver-leh 
 
 kvee ree'-noos 
 
 foss 
 
 fo'-ghel-vl'-deh 
 
 veh'-neh-digh 
 
 ba'-to-ven 
 
 veen 
 
 shvarts'-en-ber: 
 
 tsoo'-rieh-h 
 
 tsoompt 
 
 geess'-bach-h 
 
 lichMi teh 
 
 shon'-broon 
 
 shelter 
 
 bart 
 
 tahr-berg 
 
 tshop'-pen 
 
 tshok'-keh 
 
 1. b and d, final or before any consonant except 6, d, I, and r, t= p 
 and t respectively. 2. Before (/, e, i, and y. 3. In names borrowed 
 from the French. This sound is that of z in leizure. 4. When final 
 or before any consonant except <y, I. n. r. 5. Except as in 3 and 4. 
 6. Except as in 7. 7. In the middle of words before a vowel and in 
 foreign words. 8. Not a full v, but a combination of iv and v. 9. Not 
 a palatal, but a guttural sound, most easily pronounced by a beginner 
 after a broad ah. The position of the vocal organs is then very 
 literally the same as in the act of " gargling ■" the throat. From this 
 broad " acli! " the leai-ner may proceed by degrees to narrower and 
 narrower vowel sounds, placed at first l>efore, then both before and 
 after, and at last only after the ch . In names taken from the French, 
 c/i letalus its l''reuch "sound of sh. 
 
l(i 
 
 TIIK POLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 
 SPANISH. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 ill 
 
 ah 
 
 Cartagena 
 Xarvaez 
 
 car-tah-ha'-nah 
 nahr-vah'-athe 
 
 c' = a 
 
 in 
 
 ale 
 
 Ijeon 
 Rebolledc) 
 
 la'-on 
 ra-bol-ya'-tho 
 
 e- =: c 
 
 ill 
 
 eh 
 
 Alicante 
 Tlieodisele 
 
 ah-lee-calm'-teh 
 tfi-o-dee'-seh-leh 
 
 i =ee 
 
 ill 
 
 bee 
 
 Lerida 
 Ramiro 
 
 la-ree'-thah^ 
 rah-mee'-ro 
 
 u = oo 
 
 
 
 ^Iiircia 
 Supelveda 
 
 nioor'-thee^-a 
 sa-poor-va-tha 
 
 ae = ah a 
 
 
 
 Baena 
 Paez 
 
 bah-a'-nah 
 pah-iithe 
 
 ai = I 
 
 
 
 Concentaina 
 
 con-thane^-tl' nail 
 
 ay = I 
 
 
 
 Jaynie 
 
 hah'-ee-meh 
 
 ci = a 
 
 
 
 Ahneira 
 Ribeiro 
 
 ahl-ma'-ee-rah 
 ree-ba'-ee-ro 
 
 vn = a-oo 
 
 
 
 Teulada 
 Eugenic 
 
 ta-oo-lah'-thah'' 
 a-oo-ha'-nee-o 
 
 ey = aec 
 
 
 
 Aspeytia 
 Almeyda 
 
 ashpa'-ee-tee ah 
 ahl-mii'-ee-thah* 
 
 1)^= V 
 
 
 
 Excobar 
 
 ace-ce-vahr' 
 
 c^ = th 
 
 in 
 
 tliin 
 
 Placencia 
 Cespedes 
 
 plah-thane^-tliee^ah 
 thilse'-pa-thase^ 
 
 d5=tli 
 
 in 
 
 the 
 
 Toledo 
 Oviedo 
 
 to-la'-tho5 
 o-vee-a'-tho^ 
 
 g = h 
 
 
 
 Gijon 
 Clavigero 
 
 hoe-hon'' 
 clah-vee'-ha-ro 
 
 gu« ^ g 
 
 in 
 
 get 
 
 Guelago 
 Rodriguez 
 
 ga-lah'-go 
 rod-ree'-gathe 
 
ntOXOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 17 
 
 
 SPANISH— Continued. 
 
 li is silent 
 
 
 Ilojeda 
 
 o-ha'-thah^ 
 
 J - li 
 
 
 Jaraicejo 
 
 hah-rl-tha'^-lio 
 
 
 
 Jovellanos 
 
 ho-vale-yali'-nuc'.' 
 
 Ih^lli 
 
 in William 
 
 Ameilhon 
 
 all-male-yon' 
 
 ii = i;i 
 
 in William 
 
 Cliinchilla 
 
 cheen-cheer-yali 
 
 
 
 Murillo 
 
 moo-reel'-yo 
 
 n = ni 
 
 in minion 
 
 Penas 
 
 pane-yas' 
 
 
 
 Zuniga 
 
 thoon-yee'gali 
 
 qn = k 
 
 
 Guadalquivir 
 
 gwali-dahl-kee-\eei' 
 
 
 
 Quevedo 
 
 ka-va'-tho^ 
 
 X = 
 
 
 Iznaxar 
 
 eeth-nali-liai' 
 
 
 
 Ximenez 
 
 hee-ma'-nath^ 
 
 Z = lll 
 
 in thin 
 
 Azaughal 
 
 ah-tliow^-gabr 
 
 
 
 Melendez 
 
 ma-lane'-deth'5 
 
 I. Except as in 2. 2 Final or unaccented. 3. Between two vowels. 
 1. Before e and i. .5. Final or between vowels. 6. Before a and o — 
 {/w. Two or more vowels together retain each its proper sound. 
 Accent on last syllable of words ending in a consonant, in others on 
 the penult, unless differently marked. 
 
18 
 
 THE rOLYGLOT 
 
 PORTUGUESE. 
 
 ill all 
 
 in ale 
 
 in eh 
 
 in bee 
 
 in boot 
 
 Andrada 
 
 ahn-drah'dali 
 
 Balthazar 
 
 bahl-tah'-zahr 
 
 Pequeno 
 
 peh-ka'-no 
 
 Pedro 
 
 pa'-dro 
 
 Espichel 
 
 ehs-pee-shehr 
 
 Rezende 
 
 reh-zehn'-deh 
 
 Midoes 
 
 mee do'-esh 
 
 Diaz 
 
 dee'-ass 
 
 Funchal 
 
 foon'-shahl 
 
 Munoz 
 
 nioo'-noce 
 
 Quelpaert 
 
 Moraes 
 
 kehl-pah-ehrt' 
 
 mo-rali'-esli 
 
 Favaios 
 
 fah-vahee-osh 
 
 Paiva 
 
 pah'-ee-vah 
 
 Mon^ao 
 
 mon-sali''-r) 
 
 Joao 
 
 zlio''-ah'-o 
 
 Araiijo 
 
 ah-rah'-oo-zho 
 
 Nicola u 
 
 uee-co-lah'-oo 
 
 Fayal 
 
 ftlh-ee-ahr 
 
 Atayde 
 
 ah-tah'-ee-deh 
 
 Gouvea 
 
 goi- vii'-ah 
 
 Correa 
 
 cor-ra'-ah 
 
 Ferreira 
 
 feli-ra'-ee-rah 
 
 Ribeiro 
 
 ree-bS'-ee-ro 
 
 Ilheos 
 
 eel-ya'-osh 
 
 Leonardo 
 
 leh-O-nar'-do 
 
 Viseu 
 
 vee-sa'-oo 
 
 Abreii 
 
 ah-bra'-oo 
 
 Figaniere 
 
 fee-gah-nee-fl' reh 
 
 Viegas 
 
 vee-a'-gahsh 
 
 Piiinlii 
 
 pee-oon-yee' 
 
 a = a 
 
 e' = a 
 e2 = e 
 i =: ee 
 
 u = 00 
 
 ae = ali-eh 
 ai = 1 
 ao = ah-o 
 au = ah-oo 
 ay = I 
 ea = a-ah 
 ei — a-ee 
 eo = il-o 
 eu = a-oo 
 ie = ee-fi 
 in = ee-oo 
 
 1. Ending au accented syllable. 2. Except as in 1. 3. zh — z in 
 leizure. Unaccented e interchanged with i, unaccented o inter 
 changed with v. Final a, e. o, slun-ed and obscure. Two or more 
 vowels together retain each its sepaiate sound. 
 
rr.oNOUNCiNG handbook. 
 
 19 
 
 
 PORTUGUESE— Continued. 
 
 oa = o-ali 
 
 Soares 
 
 so-ali'-iesli 
 
 
 Joaquin 
 
 zho'=^-ah-keen 
 
 oe ^ r)-eh 
 
 Goes 
 
 go-esh 
 
 
 Midoes 
 
 mee-do'-esli 
 
 oil — oi 
 
 Lourosa 
 
 loi-rO'-sa 
 
 
 Souza 
 
 soi'-zah 
 
 lui — oo-ah 
 
 Duarte 
 
 doo-ar'-teli 
 
 
 liomualdo 
 
 ro-moo-ahl'-do 
 
 uo = oo-a 
 
 Manuel 
 
 mah'-noo-ehl 
 
 V = ss 
 
 Guagu 
 
 gwah-soo' 
 
 
 Conceicao 
 
 con sa ee-sah'-o 
 
 (•!l=:sh 
 
 Peniche 
 
 piT-nee'-sheli 
 
 
 Machado 
 
 mah-shah'-do 
 
 -' = zh 
 
 Gerez 
 
 zha'-ress 
 
 
 Gil 
 
 zlieel 
 
 gu' --g 
 
 in get Rodriguez 
 
 ro-dree '-guess 
 
 
 Figueira 
 
 fee-ga-ee'-rali 
 
 gu- = g\v 
 
 Guagu 
 
 gwah-soo' 
 
 
 Guarda 
 
 gwar'-dah 
 
 h is silent 
 
 Bahia 
 
 bali-ee'-ah 
 
 
 Hermiguez 
 
 air-mee'-guess 
 
 .1 - /li 
 
 Jermillo 
 
 zhair-meelMo 
 
 
 Joao 
 
 zho-ah'-o 
 
 lh = Ili 
 
 in million Magalhaens 
 
 mah-gahl jah'-cnsh 
 
 
 Coelho 
 
 co-er-yo 
 
 nil = ni 
 
 in minion Miulio 
 
 meen'-y^'^ 
 
 
 Caminlia 
 
 crdi-meen'-yah 
 
 ([w — k 
 
 Pequeno 
 
 pa-kJi'-no 
 
 
 Albuquerque 
 
 uhl-boo-kair'-keh 
 
 s = sh 
 
 Goes 
 
 go'-esh 
 
 
 Oeiras 
 
 o-a-ee'-rasli 
 
 th = t 
 
 Thomaz 
 
 to'-mass 
 
 
 jVIathias 
 
 mah-tee'-ash 
 
 X == sh 
 
 Azambuxeira 
 
 ali-sahm-boc-slia'-ei>-rah 
 
 
 Xavier 
 
 shah'-vee-ehr 
 
 z = ss 
 
 Portugucz 
 
 por-too-guess' 
 
 
 Rodriguez 
 
 ro-dree'-guess' 
 
 1. Before f, i, ?/, =zh = z in leizure. 2. Before a and o. A vowel 
 before m or )i in the same syllable is nasal. Final ao is nasal. 
 Accent on final etn, im, otn, um, on syllable marked with either ' or 
 ^, aiul on penult of words ending in a vowel. 
 
20 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 DANISH. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Skager 
 
 skah-her 
 
 
 
 Valdenar 
 
 vahl-dehnahr 
 
 aa = aw 
 
 ill awe 
 
 Aaroe 
 
 aw-ro'-eh 
 
 
 
 Aagaard 
 
 aw'-gawrd 
 
 ae = c 
 
 eh 
 
 Aeroe 
 
 eh-ro'-eh 
 
 
 
 Saebygaard 
 
 seh'-bee-gawrd 
 
 au = 6w 
 
 in cow 
 
 Lauridsen 
 
 low'-rid-sen 
 
 
 
 Haiige 
 
 howMieh 
 
 e = eh 
 
 
 Egebyerg 
 
 eh'-yeh byergh" 
 
 
 
 Stege 
 
 steh'-yeh 
 
 ee =:a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Sneehaettan 
 
 snaMiettan 
 
 
 
 Skeel 
 
 skale 
 
 ei = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Eighived 
 
 ight'-vehd 
 
 
 
 Heiberg 
 
 hl'-berg 
 
 eii = o = i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Geuss 
 
 goss 
 
 
 
 Deurs 
 
 dorss 
 
 ej = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Ejdsvold 
 
 Ids'-vold 
 
 
 
 Vejlby 
 
 vile '-bee 
 
 ey = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Feye 
 
 fl'-yeh 
 
 
 
 Beyer 
 
 bl'-yer 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Fibiger 
 
 fee'-bee-her 
 
 
 
 Blicher 
 
 blee'-ch her'^ 
 
 ie = ee-eli 
 
 
 Spieroe 
 
 spee-eh-ro'-eh 
 
 
 
 Bielke 
 
 bee-el'-keh 
 
 ii = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Germiin 
 
 yer'-nieen 
 
 
 
 Friis 
 
 frees 
 
 o = o = i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Soren 
 
 so'-ren 
 
 
 
 Malmo 
 
 mahF-mo 
 
 oe = o-cli 
 
 
 Faroe 
 
 feh-ro'-eh 
 
 
 
 Bergsoe 
 
 bergh so-eh 
 
 oj = o-ee 
 
 
 Vemmehoj 
 
 vehin'-nieh-ho-ee 
 
 
 
 Vojen 
 
 vo'-ee-en 
 
 U = 00 
 
 in book 
 
 Ulkerup 
 
 oor-keh-roop 
 
 
 
 Uh-ik 
 
 ool'-reek 
 
 il' = il 
 
 
 Jiirgenscn 
 
 ylir'-hen-sen 
 
 
 
 Fiirsen 
 
 fiir'-sen 
 
 ne — oo-eh 
 
 
 ITiienicken 
 
 hoo-eli'' nee-ken 
 
 iii := oo-ee 
 
 
 lluitfel(lt-l\ai 
 
 iis hoo-eet/ felt kawss 
 
 1. This sound can be most easily produced, if, while prolonging a 
 broad a/i, and without intermpting the sound, the learner attempt to 
 whistle. 2. ch-h = an extremely rough h. 3. vA = a hard ff slurred. 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 21 
 
 DANISH— Continued 
 
 
 uu = oo ill boot 
 
 Aarliuus 
 
 awr'-liooce 
 
 
 Bruuii 
 
 broon 
 
 y = ce ill bee 
 
 Tyge 
 
 tee '-yell 
 
 
 Jyden 
 
 yee'-den 
 
 ell =r eh-li6 
 
 Jocliumsen 
 
 yo'-ch-hoom-sen 
 
 
 Esmarch 
 
 es'-march-li 
 
 d' hardly heard 
 
 Hvidkilde 
 
 veed'-keel-leh 
 
 
 Throndhiem 
 
 tronn'-yeni 
 
 g'^ = h, i or y 
 
 Girnso^' 
 
 heem'-so 
 
 
 Norge 
 
 nor'-ieh 
 
 
 Egeinark 
 
 eh'-yeh-mark 
 
 
 Ingeborg 
 
 een'-yeh-borh 
 
 g in uj silent 
 
 Gjellerup 
 
 yer-leh-roop 
 
 
 Gjemsoe 
 
 yem'-s5-eh 
 
 li' before n = w 
 
 Agnhamnier 
 
 own'-ham-mer 
 
 
 Sognefiord 
 
 sow'-neh fyord 
 
 .<>• elsewhere hard 
 
 Slagelse 
 
 slah'-ghel-seh 
 
 
 Aagaard 
 
 aw'-gawrd 
 
 h silent in hj 
 
 Hjarnoe 
 
 yar'-no-eh 
 
 
 Hjertesorg 
 
 yehr' tes-orgh 
 
 in liv 
 
 Hvide 
 
 vee'-dheh' 
 
 in th 
 
 Thorsoe 
 
 tor'-s5-eli 
 
 
 Bardenfleth 
 
 bar'-den-flet 
 
 .1 = y = ce 
 
 Ofjord 
 
 o'-fyord 
 
 
 Jorgen 
 
 yor'-ghen 
 
 sk^ before e, i, y 
 
 Bortskjaenken 
 
 bort'-shehn-ken 
 
 
 Skjalni 
 
 shahlm 
 
 skj^ a, o, u = sh 
 
 Arentskjold 
 
 ah'-rent-shol 
 
 
 Skjode ■ 
 
 sho'-deh 
 
 sell = sh 
 
 Schionning 
 
 sliee-O'-ning 
 
 
 Schojen 
 
 sho'-yen 
 
 schj = sliee 
 
 Schjellerup 
 
 shee-er-leh-roop 
 
 
 8chjorring 
 
 shee-or'-ring 
 
 th = t 
 
 Thorkill ' 
 
 tor'-kil 
 
 
 Giinther 
 
 giin'-ter 
 
 V* = u or w 
 
 Brunlavq 
 
 broon'-lowk 
 
 
 Poulsker 
 
 powr-sker 
 
 W = V 
 
 Drewsen 
 
 drev'-sen 
 
 
 Erslew 
 
 er'-slev 
 
 1. Between vowels and after I, n, r or f. 2. Before a, e, i, o, y, in 
 the same syllable. 3. o = i in ^ir. 4. In Norway. 5. Before any 
 consonant before which V cannot easily I'etain its proper sound, as 
 in Kjobenhavn = kyo-ben-hown. 6. An extremely rough h. In 
 Scandinavia, even more than elsewhere, is felt the want of any settled 
 standard of spelling and pronunciation. In Danish, as in other 
 languages in this hand-book, the aim has been so to choose between 
 varying forms, as to give lea.st difficulty to an English-speaking 
 person. 
 
22 
 
 THE POTA'GLOT 
 
 DUTCH. 
 
 On this pagce moi'e than the average deficiencies of the grammars 
 had to be supplemented, and the compiler bespeaks corresponding 
 indulgence. 
 
 a ■= a in ah 
 
 aa = a in ah 
 
 ae = a in ah 
 
 ai = I in pine 
 
 au = 6w 
 
 e = a in ale 
 
 ee = a in ale 
 
 ei = I in pine 
 
 eu = o = i in bird 
 
 i = ee in bee 
 
 ie = ee in bee 
 
 y =- I in pine 
 
 oe =00 in boot 
 
 00 = o in bone 
 
 ou = 6w in cow 
 
 11 = ee in bee 
 
 lui = ee in bee 
 
 ui = oi in oil 
 
 aai = ah-ee 
 
 aau =r ow in cow 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 Te Water 
 
 Aalsmeer 
 
 Boerhaave 
 
 Aertrycke 
 
 Spaendonck 
 
 Lairesse 
 
 Aitzema 
 
 Nassau 
 
 Gaubius 
 
 Zele 
 
 Elzevir 
 
 Aalanderveen 
 
 Heemsklrk 
 
 Reiz 
 
 Beijerland 
 
 Deiirlioff 
 
 Wijk-bej-Heusdoii 
 
 Brill 
 
 Limborch 
 
 Biesbosch 
 
 Diemerbrock 
 
 Baardwijk 
 
 Joncktijs 
 
 Broek 
 
 Binkcrsliock 
 
 Groot 
 
 Noordwijkerhout 
 
 Abcoude 
 
 Oudendorp 
 
 Rnhnken 
 
 Utrecht 
 
 Duur-stede 
 
 Buitensluis 
 
 Hemsterhuis 
 
 Maaijen 
 
 Blaaiiw 
 
 ahm'-stair-dahm 
 
 ta-vah'-ter 
 
 ahls'-mSre 
 
 boorMiah-veh 
 
 ahr'-trl-keli 
 
 spahn'-donck 
 
 li ras'-seli 
 
 ite-za'-mah 
 
 nahs'-sow 
 
 liou'-bee-ees 
 
 zaMa 
 
 ale'-za-veer 
 
 ah'-lahn-dair-vaiie 
 
 liames'-keerk 
 
 rlz 
 
 bi'-air-lant 
 
 dor-hof 
 
 vike'-bi-hoss'-den 
 
 breel 
 
 leem'-borch-h 
 
 bees-bosk' 
 
 deem'-air-brok 
 
 bahrd'-vike 
 
 yonk'-tice 
 
 brook 
 
 been'-kair shook 
 
 grote 
 
 norf-vi-kair-howt 
 
 ahb'-kow-deh 
 
 ow '-den-dorp 
 
 reen'-ken 
 
 ee'-trech-ht 
 
 deer'-sta deh 
 
 boit'-en-slois 
 
 hame'-ster-hoiss 
 
 mah'-ee-yen 
 
 blaii-ow* 
 
rHf)N0UNCINO HAND-BOOK. 
 
 m 
 
 
 DUTCH— Continued 
 
 
 ceu = o 
 
 Leeuwenlioek 
 
 lo'-ven-hook 
 
 ieu = ee-yu 
 
 Nieuwport 
 
 nee-yu-port 
 
 oei = oo-ee 
 
 Goeije 
 
 lioo'-ee-yeli 
 
 ooi = o ee 
 
 Hooijer 
 
 lio'-ee-yer 
 
 y =1 
 
 Mytens 
 
 mi'-tens 
 
 tiy = oi 
 
 in oil Muylwijk 
 
 moir-vike 
 
 (111 ^ eh-h 
 
 Maestricht 
 
 mahs'-trich-ht 
 
 
 Limborcli 
 
 leem'-borcli-li 
 
 d-^ = t 
 
 Vlieland 
 
 vlee'-lant 
 
 
 Gerard 
 
 lia'-rart 
 
 -^' = h 
 
 Gouda 
 
 liow'-dah 
 
 
 Gerard 
 
 ha-rart' 
 
 A^ = gli-li 
 
 Baelegem 
 
 bali'-leli-gh-hem 
 
 
 Hoog 
 
 hOgh-h 
 
 S ::= SS 
 
 Goes 
 
 hooss 
 
 
 Wauvermans 
 
 M^ow'-ver-manss 
 
 sell = sk 
 
 Bies-Boscli 
 
 beess-bosk' 
 
 
 Schrevelius 
 
 skra-va'-lee-ees 
 
 tli = t 
 
 Nethen 
 
 nS'-tane 
 
 
 Both 
 
 bote 
 
 W^ = V 
 
 Wijk 
 
 vike 
 
 
 Wyttenbach 
 
 vl'-ten-bach-h 
 
 w' is silent 
 
 Woiiw 
 
 vow 
 
 
 Blaaiiw 
 
 blabZ-ow 
 
 1. An aspirate guttural, most easily pronounced after a broad a/i. 
 2. When final. 3. When initial. 4. When not initial. This sound is 
 a hard g slurred. 5. When not final. Accent in general on the first 
 radical syllable. 
 
24 
 
 THE I'OLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 SWEDISH. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Dalaroeh 
 Akerblad 
 
 dah-lah-ro'-eh 
 ah'-ker-blahd 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Hallestrom 
 Forshail 
 
 helil'-es-trom 
 for'-shale 
 
 aa = a = 
 
 aw in awe 
 
 Haartman 
 
 Haastesko 
 
 hawrf-malm 
 haws-tes'-ko 
 
 ae = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Maelar 
 Linnaeus 
 
 ma'-lahr 
 lin-nil'-oos 
 
 au = 6w 
 e = e 
 
 in cow 
 in eh 
 
 Brauner 
 Paul 
 Ranea 
 Bremer 
 
 br6w'-ner 
 powl 
 
 rah'-neli-ali 
 breh'-mer 
 
 ee == a 
 ii = ee 
 
 in ale 
 in bee 
 
 Hylteen 
 
 Nikander 
 
 Ihre 
 
 yeel'-tane 
 
 nee-kahn'-der 
 
 ee'-reh 
 
 eu = o = 
 
 i in sir 
 
 Heurlin 
 Jedeur 
 
 hor'-lin 
 yeh'-dOr 
 
 0* = oo 
 
 in book 
 
 Olaus 
 Olof 
 
 oo-lah'-oos 
 oo'-lof 
 
 o = i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Faegloe 
 Gronvall 
 
 fa-gl5'-eh 
 grSn'-vall 
 
 00 = o 
 n = oo 
 
 in book 
 
 Gyllenkrook 
 Grooth 
 Upsala 
 Humerus 
 
 yeel'-en-kroke 
 grOte 
 
 oop-sah'-lah 
 hoo'-meh-roos 
 
 ii = u 
 
 
 Hiilphers 
 
 hiiF-fers 
 
 uu = oo 
 
 in boot 
 
 Juusten 
 
 voos'-ten 
 
 in bee 
 
 Gyllenborg yeel'-en-borh 
 Bystrom bee'-strom 
 
 1. Ending syllable or before // in same syllable 
 
 EiKlin^ syllabi^ 
 
I'KOXOUNCIXti HAND T.OOK. 
 
 SWEDISH— Continued. 
 
 bj = bee 
 
 Bjorkman 
 
 byork'-mahn 
 
 
 Bjelke 
 
 byeK-keh 
 
 clr == eh in cliair 
 
 Clienon 
 
 clieh'-uon 
 
 ch^ = k 
 
 Christina 
 
 kriss-tee'nah 
 
 
 Echman 
 
 ek'-mahn 
 
 <P is silent 
 
 Djurberg- 
 
 yoor'-berh 
 
 f « = V 
 
 Gefle 
 
 yev'-leh 
 
 
 Giistaf 
 
 goos'-tav 
 
 fv^ 
 
 Harfvefeldt 
 
 liar'-veh felt 
 
 
 Hofverberg 
 
 hov'-ver-berh 
 
 g*=h 
 
 Djurberg 
 
 yoor'-berh 
 
 g' = y 
 
 Gyllenborg 
 
 yeel'-en borh 
 
 gj = y 
 
 Gjadda 
 
 yehd'-bah 
 
 gu = ngn 
 
 Tegner 
 
 teng'-ner 
 
 o- = g in g-el 
 
 Gustaf 
 
 goos'-tav 
 
 j = y 
 
 Johan 
 
 yo' hahn 
 
 
 Jordanus 
 
 yor'-dah-noos 
 
 qv = kv 
 
 Hernquist 
 
 hern'-kvist 
 
 sk9 = sh 
 
 Eksjo 
 
 ek'-sho 
 
 sj, skj, stj, tj == sh 
 
 Bjornstjerne 
 
 byorn'-sher-neh 
 
 th = t 
 
 Frithiof 
 
 frit'-yo\ 
 
 3. Initial except in chr. 4. Except as in 3. 5. Before j and t. 
 G. Ending syllable. 7. In simple word fv -- v; in compound — vv, 
 8. Final after I or r. 9. Before e, i, y, (i, o. Accent in genei'ol on 
 first syllable. 
 
26 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 HITIS^GARIAN. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in all 
 
 Jf'isz-Bereny 
 
 yahss'-bfi-ren's 
 
 
 
 Deak 
 
 da-ahk' 
 
 aa = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Kezd-Szaaz 
 
 kezd'-sahz 
 
 a = aw 
 
 in awe 
 
 Baja 
 
 baw'-yaw 
 
 
 
 Aba 
 
 aw'-baw 
 
 e = e 
 
 in eh 
 
 Debreczhi 
 
 deh-bret' sin 
 
 
 
 Sellye 
 
 ser-yeh 
 
 i-ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Iloncza 
 
 ee-lon'-tsaw 
 
 
 
 Tisza 
 
 tee'-saw 
 
 ()=:a = i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Boszormeny 
 
 bo-sor-mehn' 
 
 
 
 Gorgey 
 
 gor-ghl 
 
 u = oo 
 
 in boot 
 
 Buda 
 
 boo'-daw 
 
 
 
 Kossutli 
 
 kosh-shoof 
 
 11 = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Flizes 
 
 fee'-zesh 
 
 
 
 Giins 
 
 gheensh 
 
 y = ee' 
 
 in bee 
 
 Zagyva 
 
 zaw-zhee'-vaw 
 
 ai =: I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Baimocz 
 
 bl'-mots 
 
 jiy = oi 
 
 
 Tokay 
 
 to-koi 
 
 ei = 1 
 
 in pine 
 
 Lei-tha 
 
 ir-tah 
 
 
 
 Geib 
 
 ghlbe 
 
 eo = o --= i 
 
 in sir 
 
 Eotvos 
 
 ot-vosh 
 
 
 
 Beothy 
 
 bo-tee 
 
 eu = oi 
 
 in oil 
 
 Lenka 
 
 loi'-kaw 
 
 ew = o =: i 
 
 in sir 
 
 To-rok 
 
 thewrewk 
 
 ey=l 
 
 in pine 
 
 Leygen 
 
 ll'ghen 
 
• 
 
 ruoxot 
 
 .\'(ix(; HAND BOOK. 2!i 
 
 
 IIU^' GAltlAN— Continued. 
 
 <f 
 
 
 Gyorgy 
 
 jorj 
 
 
 
 Nyiregyhaza 
 
 nee-rej-hah'-zaw 
 
 g =: Zh^ 
 
 
 Zagyva 
 
 zaw-zliee'-vaw 
 
 « = M' 
 
 ill get 
 
 Gorgey 
 
 gor-ghl 
 
 
 
 Geib 
 
 gliibe 
 
 j = y — ee 
 
 
 Rajecz 
 
 rah-ee-ets' 
 
 
 
 Uj Var 
 
 oo-ee-vawr' 
 
 S^Sh 
 
 
 Selmecz 
 
 shel-mets' 
 
 
 
 Satoraija 
 
 sliah-t o-ra w 1 '-ya w 
 
 (s=ch 
 
 
 Csaba 
 
 cliuw'-baw 
 
 
 
 Racz 
 
 r-ralits 
 
 (.-/. = ts 
 
 
 Teplicz 
 
 tep-leets 
 
 
 
 Czuszor 
 
 tsoo-tsorr 
 
 sz = ss 
 
 
 Szegedin 
 
 sseh-gheli-deen' 
 
 
 
 Szeclienyj 
 
 sseh-clielm'-yee 
 
 Ill = t 
 
 
 Theisz 
 
 tice 
 
 
 
 Majtlienyj 
 
 mi-telm'-yee 
 
 zs = zh 
 
 
 Kovezsd 
 
 ko'-vezhd 
 
 
 
 Dozsa 
 
 do'-zliaw 
 
 h— Hi 
 
 ill William 
 
 L Mihrdy 
 
 mee-har 
 
 iiy = iii 
 
 in minion 
 
 Bat thy any 
 
 balit-yahfi'5 
 
 No rule is given to take the place of the written accent in dis- 
 tinguishing the two sounds of a and a. 
 
 1. Except as silent in 2. 2. Before ij or hi/, either final, or followed 
 by a vowel, or by h and a vowel. 3. Before y forming a syllable. 
 Tliis sound is that of z in leizure. 4. Except as in 2 and 3. 5. it. = id 
 in minion. 
 
23 
 
 IIIK POLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 RUSSIAN. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 in all 
 
 Tarasska 
 
 tall rahss' kah 
 
 
 
 Derjavine 
 
 der-zliah'-^veen 
 
 il = e • 
 
 ill eh 
 
 AVjasemsky 
 
 vee-eh-sem'-skee 
 
 e = e 
 
 in eh 
 
 Turgenjew 
 
 toor-gehn'-yef 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Kniajnine 
 
 knee-azli'5-neen 
 
 
 
 Bilibine 
 
 bee-lee-been 
 
 u = oo 
 
 in boot 
 
 Puschkin 
 
 poosh'-keen 
 
 
 
 lurij 
 
 ee-oo'-ree 
 
 y = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Davydow 
 
 dah-vee'dof 
 
 
 
 Lyof 
 
 lee'-off 
 
 ai = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Yasnaia 
 
 yahss-nl'-ah 
 
 
 
 Vagai 
 
 vah ghl 
 
 ay = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Maykof 
 
 ml-koff 
 
 
 
 Kayva 
 
 klvah 
 
 ei = eli-ee 
 
 
 Heinenn 
 
 heh-ee-nen 
 
 
 
 Seim 
 
 seli-eem 
 
 ej =: eh-ee 
 
 
 Voronej 
 
 vo-ro-neh'ee 
 
 ej = ezli 
 
 
 Nadejda 
 
 nali'-dezh'*-dah 
 
 ie — ee-eh 
 
 
 Griboiedoff 
 
 gree-bo-ee-eh'-dolT 
 
 
 
 Dniepr 
 
 d'nee-ehp'-r 
 
 ij = ee 
 
 
 Dmitrijeff 
 
 d'mee'-tree-ef 
 
 
 
 Jurij 
 
 oe-oo'-ree 
 
 oi := oy 
 
 in boy 
 
 Tolstoi 
 
 tol'-stoy 
 
 
 
 Polevoi 
 
 po-leh-voy' 
 
 ou = oo 
 
 in boot 
 
 Godounof 
 
 go-doo'-noff 
 
 
 
 Koutouzof 
 
 koo-too'-zoff 
 
 
 
 Bestouchef 
 
 bes-too'-shef 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 RUSSIAN— Continued. 
 
 Pouchkine 
 Karamycli 
 Clioczim 
 Chmelnizkj 
 Clioczim 
 in get Jelagine 
 
 Wjatka 
 And re j 
 
 poosli'-keen 
 
 kali-rali-meetcli' 
 
 cli-lio-tcheem' 
 
 cli-hmel-ncets'-ky 
 
 cli-lio-tclieeni' 
 
 yeli-lah-ghecn' 
 
 vee-alit'-kali 
 
 alin-dreli-ee 
 
 zli« 
 
 ^V 
 
 ts* 
 
 Joukovsky 
 
 Nijni 
 
 Khomiakof 
 
 Daschkow 
 
 Tschernytschew 
 
 Tatischtschcw 
 
 Kiew 
 
 Lermontow 
 
 Lomonozow 
 
 Krylow 
 
 Karamzin 
 
 Herzen 
 
 Rjumanzow 
 
 zlioo-kov'-ski 
 
 neezh'^-nce 
 
 cli-lio-meeali'-ltoff 
 
 dahsh'-kofl 
 
 tcher-nee-tcheP 
 
 tali-teesli-tclief 
 
 kee-ef^ 
 
 ler'-mon-toff 
 
 lom-o-no''-zoif 
 
 kreeMoff 
 
 liah-ralim-zeen' 
 
 liert'-sen 
 
 ree-oo-mahnt's-off 
 
 1. A ffiittural sound, an extremely rough h. 2. n\ i;, and / are 
 used as respectively German, French, and English equivalents for tlie 
 same Russian letter, but are interchanged without rule or consistency. 
 3. French and English. 4. German. 5. z.'i ^ s in leizure. 6. The 
 French equivalent. 
 
30 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 POLISH. 
 
 = ee 
 
 GO 
 
 y = ee 
 
 1.1 = i 
 
 ay = 
 
 : i 
 
 
 ej = 
 
 I 
 
 
 ey = 
 
 :I. 
 
 
 ie = 
 
 ee 
 
 eh 
 
 «,) = 
 
 <':y 
 
 
 OU = 00 
 
 in all 
 in ell 
 in bee 
 in book 
 in bee 
 in pine 
 in cow 
 in pine 
 in pine 
 in pine 
 
 in bov 
 
 in boot 
 
 Warszawa 
 
 Lubawa 
 
 Kamieniec 
 
 Brzesc 
 
 Kazimirz 
 
 Swinlia 
 
 Pultusk 
 
 Bruc 
 
 Kryytyn 
 
 llryczyna 
 
 Eiccjuajtis 
 
 Beloszajtis 
 
 Gaudowicz 
 
 Kaniblau 
 
 Wyzayny 
 
 Gwiazay 
 
 Biejkowski 
 
 Bejnar 
 
 Boreyko 
 
 Bieykowski 
 
 Mics/.I-Low 
 
 Bojanek 
 
 (Jinhvojn 
 
 Prokourov 
 
 var-sliali'-vali 
 
 loo ball'- vail 
 
 kalim-yen''-yct.s 
 
 bzhests 
 
 kali 'zee meerzli 
 
 sveen'-kah 
 
 iwol'-toosk 
 
 broots 
 
 kree-ee' teen 
 
 hnv-tcliee'-nah 
 
 I-tsec ni'-teess 
 
 beli-lo shi'-tee.ss 
 
 gow' (lo-veetcli 
 
 kahm'-blow 
 
 V('('-zI' nee 
 
 ii:vee-ali-zl 
 
 bee-I kof -skee 
 
 bl'-nar 
 
 bo-rl'-ko 
 
 bee-I-kof'-skee 
 
 mee esli'-kov 
 
 bo-^'ali' nek 
 
 ii'eerd'-voyn 
 
 l)ro-koo'-iov 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 31 
 
 
 POLISH— Continued 
 
 
 C - ts 
 
 
 Makowiec 
 
 mali-ko'-vee-ets 
 
 
 
 Mococ 
 
 mo'-tsots 
 
 g = g 
 
 in get 
 
 Grzegorzew 
 
 gzlieh-gor'-zhev 
 
 
 
 Boygis 
 
 boy'-glieess 
 
 j = }' 
 
 
 Jalpushkov 
 
 yahl-poosh'-kov 
 
 
 
 Kujawach 
 
 koo-yali-vach-h 
 
 AV = V 
 
 
 Wawrzenczyci 
 
 valiv-zhen-tcheet'-see 
 
 
 
 Wladislawow 
 
 vlah-dis-lali'-vov 
 
 ell = ch h 
 
 
 Socliarczew 
 
 so-cli-har'-chev 
 
 
 
 Borch 
 
 borcli-li 
 
 CZ =: tch 
 
 
 Buczacz 
 
 bootch'-ahtcli 
 
 
 
 Bodziewicz 
 
 bo-jee-eli-vitcli 
 
 (Iz ^ j 
 
 
 Dzialosziee 
 
 jee-ali-lo-slieet'-scli 
 
 
 
 Dziwidzinski 
 
 jee vee-jeen'-skee 
 
 rz = zh 
 
 
 Brzesc 
 
 bzliests' 
 
 sz = sli 
 
 
 Szymanowski 
 
 .shee-mali-nof -skce 
 
 
 
 Szeszuppc 
 
 sheh-slioo'-peli 
 
 szcz = sii-tcli 
 
 
 Szczuzin 
 
 shtchoo'-zeen 
 
 
 
 Goszczyza 
 
 gosh-tcheet'-zali 
 
 Accent in general on penult. In difficult combinations of conso- 
 nants insert obscui-e e;e. ;7.,inKrzczecki, k(e)rzh-tchets'kec; Gwozd/, 
 g(e)vozh ,j(e): Wczele, (e)v-tcheh'leh. 
 
 P 
 
 lir 
 
33 
 
 THE rOLYGLOT 
 
 BOHEMIAN. 
 
 u = ah 
 
 c = c 
 i = cc 
 
 y = ee 
 
 le = 
 ie = 
 ou 
 
 ee 
 
 ee-eli 
 = 00 
 
 ill ah 
 
 ill ch 
 in bcc 
 
 in boot 
 
 in bee 
 
 in bee 
 
 in boot 
 
 JVIazakova 
 
 Czashiu 
 
 Swetla 
 
 Bilin 
 
 IJidschow 
 
 Chlumecz 
 
 Swatopluk 
 
 Mokry 
 
 mah zhah-ko'-vah 
 
 chass'-low 
 
 svet'-hili 
 
 bee-leen' 
 
 beef-shov 
 
 cli-hloo'-mets 
 
 svato-plook 
 
 mo'-kree 
 
 Lischau lee'-show 
 
 Auscha ow' shall 
 
 Mies mees 
 
 Wognomiestctz vog-no-mee-es-tels 
 Kalousek kali loo-sek 
 
 c = ts' 
 c = ich 
 
 ir — <V 
 
 f^ — o 
 
 .1 = y 
 
 W = V 
 Z = tfi^ 
 
 z = zh 
 
 eh = ch-h2 
 
 cz — ts 
 rz = zh 
 
 in get 
 
 Cernowitz 
 
 Studnicka 
 
 Eger 
 
 Jaromirz 
 
 Jirasek 
 
 Wlascliini 
 
 Wscherau 
 
 Zasmuk 
 
 Zizelitz 
 
 Mazakova 
 
 Bozena 
 
 Chocholoiisck 
 
 Hainspuch 
 
 Sezemecz 
 
 Brzesnice 
 
 Prziseliowitz 
 
 tser'-no-veets 
 
 stood-neetch' -kah 
 
 eh'-gher 
 
 j'ah'-ro-nieerts 
 
 yee'-rah-sek 
 
 Vlah'-sheem 
 
 vsheh'-row 
 
 tsahs'-niook 
 
 tsee'-tseli-leets 
 
 mah-zhali-ko vali 
 
 bo sheh'-nali 
 
 ch-ho-ch ho- loo-sek 
 
 hine'-spoocli 
 
 seh'-tseh-mets 
 
 bzhes'-neet-seh 
 
 ])zliee''-slio-veets 
 
 Accent in general on first syllable. In difficult combinations of 
 consonants insert obscure e; e. (/., mlceti, m(e)l-tcheli-tee; mrznouti, 
 m(e)rzh-noo-tee. 1. No rule is given for distinguishing l>et\veen the 
 two sounds of c and the two of z in tlic absence of the written accent. 
 2. cli-h = an extremelj- rough h. 
 
PKONOUNCINO IIAND-J}()()K. 
 
 
 SERVIAN. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ah Slatina 
 
 slah-tee'-nah 
 
 
 Parachlii 
 
 pah-rah-clieen' 
 
 c = e 
 
 ill ell Jeplireiii 
 
 yef'-relim 
 
 
 Deligrad 
 
 deh'-lee grahd 
 
 i — ce 
 
 in bee Brianie 
 
 bree-ali'-nee eli 
 
 
 Diunis 
 
 dee-oo-nees 
 
 u — oo 
 
 Kurshumli 
 
 koor-shoom-lee 
 
 
 Ultschin 
 
 oolt-sheen 
 
 ai = I 
 
 Maidanpek 
 
 ini-dalin-pek 
 
 OU-= 00 
 
 C'sookour 
 
 tclioo-koor 
 
 c = ts 
 
 Cemojewilscli 
 
 tser-no -yeli veetch 
 
 
 Siljeg-ovae 
 
 seel-yeh-go-valits 
 
 g = i? 
 
 ill get Jagodina 
 
 yah-go-dee'-iia 
 
 
 Margaret a 
 
 mar- gah-reh'- tall 
 
 cli = tell 
 
 Cliupria 
 
 tchoo'-pree-ali 
 
 
 Paraeliiii 
 
 pali-rali-cheen' 
 
 es — leh 
 
 C.soukour 
 
 tclioo-koor 
 
 
 Nikcolies 
 
 nee-ko-leetch 
 
 dj = d'ye 
 
 Medvedj 
 
 med-ved'ye 
 
 
 Stojaii 
 
 sto'-yaliu" 
 
 .1 = y 
 
 Kjuprija 
 
 kyoo-pree'-yali 
 
 1.1 = i'ye 
 
 Valjevo 
 
 val yeh'-vo 
 
 
 Radalj 
 
 rah-dahl'ye 
 
 \\f = h 
 
 Njeresnitza 
 
 nyeh-res-neef-sah 
 
 
 Krupanj 
 
 kroo-pahfi 
 
 S = S.S 
 
 Knes 
 
 kness 
 
 ■sell = sh 
 
 Milasch 
 
 mee-lasli 
 
 
 Nisch 
 
 iieesh 
 
 dsch = j 
 
 Kujundscliitsch 
 
 koo-yooii-jeetch 
 
 tseh = tell 
 
 Obrenowitseh 
 
 bren'-o-veetcli 
 
 W = V 
 
 Iwan 
 
 ee' vahn 
 
 
 Dobrowitz 
 
 do'-bro-veets 
 
 X = zli' 
 
 Maxim 
 
 mah-zlieem' 
 
 
 Alexinats 
 
 ah-leh'zhee-nahts 
 
 Grammars give no rule for accent that can be of service liere. 
 1. z.'i = z in leizure. i. This sound is that of ni In minion. 
 
34 THE POI>Y(}LOT 
 
 eh 
 
 au- = af 
 ei = ue 
 
 CO =r ell o 
 
 eu' = ev 
 
 evi- = ef 
 ie.= ee-eh 
 oi = ee 
 
 MODERN GREEK. 
 
 in all 
 
 Patras 
 
 pali-trahss' 
 
 
 Anibrakia 
 
 ahni-brairkcc ah 
 
 ill ell 
 
 Decelia 
 
 theh-keh' lee-ah 
 
 
 Spezzie 
 
 hpel'-see a 
 
 in bee 
 
 Dirakhi 
 
 tliee-racli-li-ee 
 
 
 Thiaki 
 
 tliee-ah-kee 
 
 in awe 
 
 Domokos 
 
 thaw'-maw kos 
 
 
 Marat bona 
 
 mah-rah thaw- nab 
 
 in bee 
 
 Druva 
 
 three'- vail 
 
 
 Thiiria 
 
 thee'-rec-ali 
 
 in bee 
 
 Katavryta 
 
 kah-tah-Mcc'- tab 
 
 
 Hydn/ 
 
 hee'-thrah 
 
 in ell 
 
 Aegialeae 
 
 ch-yee ah'-lch-ch 
 
 
 Mycenae 
 
 nice kcli'-nch 
 
 in ell 
 
 Gaidourokhoi-i 
 
 geh-thoo-raw-di-liaw'-rce 
 
 
 Xilogaidara 
 
 xce-law-geh'-dali-rah 
 
 
 Manro 
 
 niav'-ro 
 
 
 Aiiliotes 
 
 av-lee-aw'-tehs 
 
 
 Naupacto 
 
 naf-pahk'-to 
 
 in bee 
 
 Zeitoun 
 
 zcc'-tooii 
 
 
 Cleitor 
 
 klee'-tor 
 
 
 Cleonae 
 
 kleh'-aw-neh 
 
 
 Neokhori 
 
 iieh-aw-ch-haw'ice 
 
 
 Euripus 
 
 eV-ree-pccs 
 
 
 Leiicadia 
 
 lef kah'-dcc ali 
 
 
 Kekliries 
 
 kek'-ch-hrec cs 
 
 in bee 
 
 Lantzoy 
 
 lahnt/-zce 
 
 
 Oxoi 
 
 aw'-xee 
 
1MI()N()UNCIN(} HAND BOOK. 
 
 35 
 
 
 MODERN GREEK— Continued. 
 
 I) = V 
 
 
 Bathi 
 
 vali'-thee 
 
 c = k 
 
 
 Ciienepolis 
 
 ken-neh'-paw-lees 
 
 (Ir^th 
 
 in the 
 
 Poljdendri 
 
 paw-lee-then'-three 
 
 :s'' =^ y 
 
 in yes 
 
 Gyaros 
 
 yee ah'-raws 
 
 -' — ;;■ 
 
 in get 
 
 Golemi 
 
 gaw'-leh-mee 
 
 J == y 
 
 
 Genidji 
 
 yeli'-nee-jee 
 
 kh := Ch-h 
 
 
 Katokhi 
 
 kali-taw' ch-liee 
 
 p^ = 1) 
 
 
 Olympos 
 
 aw-leem'-ba\vs 
 
 s=y} 
 
 
 Smyrna 
 
 zmeer'-nali 
 
 t=d« 
 
 
 Lepaiito 
 
 leli-palm'-diiw 
 
 ls::..clri 
 
 
 Tserina 
 
 clieh ree'-nah 
 
 Iz - (Iz = j'* 
 
 ' 
 
 Tzintzina 
 
 jeen-jeen'-ah 
 
 1. Before b, d, ff, I, w, n, r. 2. Elsewhere. 3. Before e, i, y, 
 4. After m. 5. Before b, d, g, m, n, r. 6. After ii. Stress of voice in 
 Modern Greek follows written accents, which are not reproduced with 
 Roman characters, in connection with which, however, their place 
 cannot well be supplied by Miittt'U rules. 
 
36 
 
 TIIK rOT.YCI.OT 
 
 TURKEY IN EUROPE. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Zaru 
 
 zali-rali' 
 
 
 
 Kara Ilissar 
 
 kali'-rali-his-sar' 
 
 e = c 
 
 in ell 
 
 Abdera 
 
 ab dell 'rah 
 
 
 
 Yenija 
 
 ycn'-ee jali 
 
 i=:ec 
 
 in bee 
 
 Cliiti 
 
 kee'-tee 
 
 
 
 Sitia 
 
 see tee'- ah 
 
 
 
 Osnuuidjik 
 
 OS-malm jeek' 
 
 i = i 
 
 in pin 
 
 .Alusjid 
 
 inus-jid' 
 
 U = GO 
 
 in boot 
 
 Modurli 
 
 mo-door'-lee 
 
 
 
 Unua 
 
 oon'-iiah 
 
 
 
 Scutari 
 
 scoo-tah-ree' 
 
 U = U 
 
 in but 
 
 Musjid 
 
 musjid'' 
 
 ii = u 
 
 
 Aliintach 
 
 ah-liin-tach-h 
 
 y = i 
 
 in pin 
 
 Jassy 
 
 yahs'-sl 
 
 ai = I 
 
 
 Jaicza 
 
 jl'-tsah 
 
 
 
 Zai 
 
 zl 
 
 au =6w 
 
 
 Arnautkoi 
 
 ar-nauf-koi 
 
 ay =: I 
 
 
 Kavaya 
 
 kali- vl 'yah 
 
 
 
 Bayazid 
 
 bl-yah-zeed' 
 
 ei =:a 
 
 
 Sumaisat 
 
 soo ma-saht' 
 
 
 
 Hossein 
 
 hos-sane' 
 
 ey=l 
 
 
 Seyyid 
 
 sl-yeed' 
 
 ie = ee-eh 
 
 
 Bielopol 
 
 bee-eh-lo'-pol 
 
 OU =00 
 
 
 Isoglou 
 
 ee-so-gloo' 
 
 ui — wee 
 
 
 Tanuirath 
 
 tahn-wee-raht" 
 
I'RONOUNCINf} IIAKD-BOOK. 
 
 TURKEY IX EUROPE— Continued. 
 
 oil = tell 
 eh = ch-li 
 ch = k 
 es = ti^li 
 
 ez — ts 
 
 g = g 
 
 J ^ }' 
 kh = eh-li 
 th^th 
 th =t 
 X = z 
 zz = ts 
 dseli — j 
 
 \\\ get 
 
 Chardak 
 
 Bucharest 
 
 Chiti 
 
 Bihaes 
 
 Jaicza 
 
 Bussovaez 
 
 Osmandjik 
 
 Girna 
 
 Sabanjah 
 
 Jannina 
 
 Bazarkhan 
 
 Xanthi 
 
 Tanuirath 
 
 Xanthi 
 
 Gomanizza 
 
 tehar-dak' 
 
 boo-ch-hah-rest' 
 
 kee''-tee 
 
 bee-hahteh' 
 
 jl'-tsali 
 
 boos-so-vahts' 
 
 os-man-jeek' 
 
 geer'-nah 
 
 sah-bahn'-jah 
 
 yahn'-nee-nah 
 
 bah-zar-ch-hahn' 
 
 zahn'-thee 
 
 tahn-wee-raht' 
 
 zahn'-thee 
 
 go-mah-neet 'sah 
 
 Dschurdsehova joor-jo'-vah 
 
 The names on this page are not chosen as Turkish, but to serve in 
 some measure as tyi^es of forms prevaihng in Turlcey, and as 
 supplementary- to the hsts given as Roumanian, Servian, and Modern 
 Greek. The same lett*>r will repres(^nt dilTerent sounds as a name is 
 uttered by Greek, Turk, or Slav, and it is not within the p etensions 
 of this book to bring order out of ihe confusion of tongues under 
 Turkish dominion. 
 
88 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 TURKEY IN ASIA. 
 
 a = a 
 
 ill all 
 
 Kara Agluulj 
 
 kah-rah'-ah-gahj 
 
 
 
 Kalafat 
 
 kah-lah-fahi' 
 
 (; = 
 
 in ell 
 
 Jebel el Sheik 
 
 . jeh-behl-ehl-sliilke 
 
 
 
 Kerely 
 
 keh-reh'-lee 
 
 i = ce 
 
 in bee 
 
 Kerkit Chiftlik ker-keet'-cheeft-leek 
 
 
 
 Vezir Kopri 
 
 veh-zeer'-kO-pree' 
 
 11 r= <)() 
 
 in boot 
 
 Batum 
 
 bah-toom' 
 
 
 
 Siniib 
 
 see-noob' 
 
 y = Of 
 
 in bee 
 
 Jebel Tyh 
 
 jeh-bel-tec' 
 
 
 
 Fyndik 
 
 feen-deek' 
 
 ae = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Esdreelon 
 
 ez-dree'-lon 
 
 ai -= I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Kaisariyeli 
 
 ki-zah-ree-eh' 
 
 
 
 Ismail Bey 
 
 ees-mlle-ba 
 
 au = ow 
 
 in cow 
 
 Hauran 
 
 liow-rahn' 
 
 
 
 AYinaiir 
 
 Avee nour' 
 
 ay = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Kay a Jlissar 
 
 kl-yah-hees-sar'' 
 
 ei = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Deir 
 
 dare 
 
 
 
 Sumeisat 
 
 soo-ma-saht" 
 
 ey rrr a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Beyrout 
 
 baroot' 
 
 ic = (■('-;>]! 
 
 
 Dievisluk 
 
 dee-ehveez-look' 
 
 ou = or) 
 
 in boot 
 
 Vourla 
 
 voor'-lah 
 
 ch = tell 
 
 
 Clioruk 
 
 tcho-rook' 
 
 
 
 Cliandailik 
 
 tchahn-dar-leek' 
 
 1.' = M' 
 
 in get 
 
 Gind Abbas 
 
 gheend-ahb bahss' 
 
 
 
 Gelra 
 
 ga'-rah 
 
 J = J 
 
 
 Injesu 
 
 een-jeh-soo' 
 
 
 
 Guzelje 
 
 goo-zel'-jeh 
 
 This page, like the last aims merely to give a few types of the 
 forms prevailing within the Turkish dominions. 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK . 
 
 89 
 
 ROUMANIAN. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in 
 
 ah 
 
 Bassarabia 
 
 bahs-sah-rah'- bee-ah 
 
 (' = e 
 
 in 
 
 ell 
 
 \Valeni 
 
 v:ih-leh'-nee 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Kinipina 
 
 keein'-pee nail 
 
 11 = oo 
 
 in 
 
 bool 
 
 Buchuresci 
 
 boo -koo-res'- chee 
 
 y = 1 
 
 in 
 
 pin 
 
 Jassy 
 
 zhahs'-see 
 
 a, (', o, 11 — u 
 
 in 
 
 but 
 
 Turnu 
 
 loor' null 
 
 e iiiit. = ye 
 
 
 
 Epliraxia 
 
 ych-phraxee'-ah 
 
 (' ^ di-ah 
 
 
 
 Passere 
 
 pahs-seh-reh' ah 
 
 o = o-ali 
 
 
 
 D<3mna 
 
 doahm'-nah 
 
 ail = ou 
 
 
 
 Bacau 
 
 ball-cow 
 
 ea = e!i-ali 
 
 
 
 Nazarettean 
 
 nah-zah-rit'- teh-ahn 
 
 CO = eli-o 
 
 
 
 Buzeo 
 
 boo zeh'-uh 
 
 ()(' = o-eh 
 
 
 
 Ploesti 
 
 plo-es'-tee 
 
 ou = oo 
 
 
 
 Cahoul 
 
 kah-ch-hool' 
 
 c = tell 
 
 
 
 Sacieni 
 
 sahtchee-eh'-nee 
 
 c = k 
 
 
 
 Bucar 
 
 boo-kar 
 
 g = g 
 
 in 
 
 English 
 
 Giuruevo 
 
 jee-oor-jeh'-vo 
 
 h = ch-h' 
 
 
 
 Ilorezu 
 
 ch-ho-rc'h'- ali-zoo 
 
 j = Zll2 
 
 
 
 Crajova 
 
 krah-zho'-vah 
 
 s = sh 
 
 
 
 Foksani 
 
 fok-shah'-nee 
 
 1 A harsh guttural sound. 2. z.'i = ^ in leizure. All flnal vowel- 
 sounds slurred and obscure. No rule for accent can be given here. 
 No rule to distinguish sounds of c or of s in absence of written accent. 
 The acute accent over a vowel in Roumanian denotes a somewhat 
 drawling pronunciation. 
 
40 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 ARABIA. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Akabali 
 
 ah'-kahbah 
 
 
 
 Ras el-Had 
 
 rahss-el-hahd' 
 
 (' = e 
 
 ill ell 
 
 Kotenibel 
 
 ko-tehm behl' 
 
 
 
 Beder 
 
 beh'dehr 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Anizeli 
 
 ah-nee'-zeh 
 
 
 
 Perim 
 
 peh-reem' 
 
 U = ()() 
 
 in boot 
 
 Abd-ul-Kuri 
 
 ahbd-oolkoo' ree 
 
 
 
 SukelJumakli sook-el-joo macli-l/ 
 
 y =: ce 
 
 in bee 
 
 Tafyle 
 
 tah-fee'leh 
 
 ae = a * 
 
 ill all 
 
 Graen 
 
 grahn 
 
 
 
 Taez 
 
 tahz 
 
 ai =i 
 
 in pine 
 
 Khaibar 
 
 ch-hl-bar' 
 
 
 
 Ain 
 
 Ine 
 
 an = ow 
 
 in coAv 
 
 Hadrahmaut 
 
 hah-drah-mowf 
 
 
 
 Khan Ian 
 
 ell-how- lahn' 
 
 ay= I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Tayef 
 
 tlyef 
 
 
 
 Has oni Haye 
 
 rahss-om-hl'-ych 
 
 el = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Grein 
 
 i^rain 
 
 
 
 jVIazeira 
 
 mall -za'- rah 
 
 ey = H 
 
 in ale 
 
 El-Moeyleh 
 
 ei-md-a'-leh 
 
 ie = ee-eli 
 
 
 Meymounie 
 
 ma-moo'-nee-eh 
 
 oil =: ()() 
 
 in boot 
 
 Sedouan 
 
 seh-doo-alin' 
 
 » = » 
 
 in u'ct 
 
 Giadila 
 
 ghee-ah dec' lah 
 
 j = .i 
 
 
 Xejran 
 
 nej-rahn' 
 
 kill ^ ch-h 
 
 
 Akhab 
 
 aeh-li-ahb'' 
 
 1. This souud is a harsh Kattural. No rule for accent. 
 
PKONOUNCINO HAND -HOOK. 
 
 PEPSIA, AFGHANISTAN, AND 
 
 BELOOCHISTAN. 
 
 u = u 
 
 ill ah 
 
 Kandahar 
 
 kahn-dah-har' 
 
 
 
 Ilaniadan 
 
 hah-raah-dahn' 
 
 
 
 Saadi 
 
 sah'-ah-dee 
 
 (' = c 
 
 ill eh 
 
 Teheran 
 
 tah-heh-rahn' 
 
 
 
 Deregez 
 
 deh-reh-geh// 
 
 
 
 Enweri 
 
 en'-weh-ree 
 
 i = ce 
 
 ill bee 
 
 Iran 
 
 ee-rahn' 
 
 
 
 Biishir 
 
 boo-sheer' 
 
 
 
 Nizaini 
 
 nee-zah'-mee 
 
 u — oo 
 
 ill boot 
 
 Balfurush 
 
 bahl-foo roosh' 
 
 
 
 Kabul 
 
 kah-bool' 
 
 
 
 Firdusi 
 
 feer-doo'see 
 
 w = u 
 
 in but 
 
 Tukhti 
 
 tuchh-tee' 
 
 
 
 Sudup 
 
 sud-up' 
 
 lie = ali-oh 
 
 
 Daeny 
 
 dah-eh-nee 
 
 ;ii =1 
 
 ill pine 
 
 Kalaichi 
 
 kah-ll'.tchee 
 
 
 
 Nain 
 
 nine 
 
 an = aw 
 
 in awe 
 
 Jowaur 
 
 jo-wawr' 
 
 ay = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Khayyam 
 
 ch-hl-yalini' 
 
 ei = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Mei-omid 
 
 mS-o-meed' 
 
 ey =ra 
 
 in ale 
 
 Neybundan 
 
 na boon-dahn' 
 
 oil = 00 
 
 in boot 
 
 Choubar 
 
 tchoo bar' 
 
 
 
 Souch-Bulak 
 
 sootch'-boo'- lahk 
 
 eh = Icli 
 
 
 Beloocliistan 
 
 beh-loo-tehees-tahii' 
 
 
 
 Cacliar 
 
 kah-tchar' 
 
 ^-> — o 
 
 in get 
 
 Jagepur 
 
 jah-gheh-poor' 
 
 
 
 Geuk Tepe 
 
 ga'-ook-teh'-peh 
 
 ull = <r 
 
 in get 
 
 Ghizni 
 
 gheez-nee' 
 
 
 
 Ghilan 
 
 ghee-lahn' 
 
 j = .i 
 
 
 Jajarcote 
 
 jail jar-kote' 
 
 
 
 Jajerm 
 
 jail jerm" 
 
 kh = (di-h' 
 
 
 Khorassan 
 
 eh-ho-rahs sahn' 
 
 
 
 Bakhtigan 
 
 bach-h-tee-gahn' 
 
 1. This sound is a hair.h p:uttural. Grammars furnish no guide in 
 respect to accent. 
 
42 TIIK POLYGLOT 
 
 INDIA. 
 
 a = a in all AH ihabad ah-lah-hah-balu? 
 
 Hajalmialial rah-jali- mail- lial' 
 
 c = e in ell Dera deh'-rah 
 
 e --= e in bee Pegu pee-goo' 
 
 i = 1 in pin Pinyaree pin-yar'-ree 
 
 JJhindiir bin-door' 
 
 u = oo' in boot Pegu pee-goo' 
 
 Punali i)oo' rial! 
 
 n = u in bun J'lnijab pun'-jawb 
 
 Kuppenvunje kup-per-\v I'lii j' 
 
 y = I in pine Gykwar glilke'-war 
 
 Zyghnr zl-gur 
 
 y = ee in bee Bliowany bo-wali' nee 
 
 ae = ah-eh Rae rah' eh 
 
 ai = 1 Isinailbad is-mlle-bahd 
 
 Laighpur llgh-poor' 
 
 Jaitpur jlte-poor' 
 
 ao = ali-o Khyrgaon kire gah-cii' 
 
 au := aAv in awe Ghauts gavvts 
 
 Awrungabad aw-rung-gah-baliJ' 
 
 ay = I Ohayenpoor tchl-en-poor' 
 
 Sandoway sahn do-wi' 
 
 ea = eh-ah Beas beh'-ahss 
 
 ei'' = a in ale Oojein oo-jane' 
 
 Bassein bahssane' 
 
 ei = ee in bee Neilgherry neel-glier' ry 
 
 ey = a Deypaulpoor da-pawl-poor' 
 
 ey = I Jeypoor ji- poor' 
 
 ie = ee in bee Dhaniie dah-mee' 
 
 oa = o-ah Noanagur no-ah nah-gTr' 
 
 Noapooia no-ah-poo'-rah 
 
 ou = 00 in boot Oiidh ood 
 
 ui = wee Guicowar gwee-co-Avar' 
 
 ui = ee Mergui iner-ghee' 
 
 ye = I Mhye m'lil 
 
 Kassye-Gopang kahs'-sl-go-pahng' 
 
 The spelling of Indian names here given is of course, in the main, 
 
 English, yet is not without inconsistencies. 1. When it ends a 
 syllable? 2. In name.s of Mahomedan origin? 
 

 niOXOUNCIXO IIAXDIiOOK. 43 
 
 
 INDIA— Continued. 
 
 l)li = b 
 
 Bhawlpoor 
 
 hawl-poor' 
 
 
 Bhavani-Kud< 
 
 il l);ih-vah'-nee-koo-dalil'' 
 
 eh' = tch 
 
 Trichinopoly 
 
 1 ritch-in-op'-o-lee 
 
 
 Cheychun 
 
 teha-tchoon' 
 
 eh = sh 
 
 Pondicheny 
 
 l)on-dI-sher'-ree 
 
 s- = g 
 
 in get Gilghit 
 
 ghil-ghit' 
 
 
 Gujerat 
 
 goo-zheh-raht' 
 
 u'ui — li'w i 
 
 Guicowar 
 
 gwik-o-war' 
 
 liui = ghee 
 
 Mergui 
 
 iiier-ghee' 
 
 J = .1 
 
 Jaypoor 
 
 jl-poor' 
 
 J = zli 
 
 Gujerat 
 
 goo-zheh-rahf 
 
 kii = ch-h'^ 
 
 Khanhaila 
 
 eli-hahn-lil' lah 
 
 
 Khair 
 
 eh-hire 
 
 (111 = kw 
 
 Quilon 
 
 kwee-lon'' 
 
 
 Somnautli 
 
 som-nawt' 
 
 th =t 
 
 ThuiT 
 
 turr 
 
 
 Tattha 
 
 taht'-tah 
 
 
 AVarungul 
 
 wah-run-giir 
 
 w -- w 
 
 Wadwan 
 
 wahd-wahn' 
 
 x and z as in 
 
 English 
 
 
 1. The sounds. of ch and of ,/ are believed to be more commonlj^ 
 those first given. 2. A guttural, au extremely rough h. 
 
44 TIFK POLYGLOT 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 si = a 
 
 in ah 
 
 Pa 
 
 pah 
 
 
 
 Shara 
 
 shah'-rah' 
 
 e = R 
 
 in ale 
 
 Le 
 
 la 
 
 e = e 
 
 
 Ke-lung 
 
 ke'-lung' 
 
 e=:e 
 
 
 Cheng-te 
 
 cheng'-ta' 
 
 i = 00 
 
 
 Li 
 
 lee 
 
 i = T 
 
 
 Chin-yuen 
 
 chTn'-yoo-en'' 
 
 11 = GO 
 
 
 Fu 
 
 foo 
 
 11 = u 
 
 
 Chung 
 
 chung 
 
 y = ee 
 
 
 Tsun-y 
 
 tsim'-ee' 
 
 
 
 Y-Chou 
 
 ee'-choo' 
 
 ae = I 
 
 
 Ting-hae 
 
 ting'-hl' 
 
 
 
 Tong-lae 
 
 tong'-ll' 
 
 ai = I 
 
 
 Hoai 
 
 hoM' 
 
 
 
 Ai-chow 
 
 I'-chow' 
 
 ao = all 
 
 -o 
 
 Macao 
 
 mah-cah'-o 
 
 
 
 Liao 
 
 lee'-ah'-o 
 
 an = a] 
 
 -oo 
 
 Matau 
 
 mah'-tah'-oo 
 
 
 
 Pitau 
 
 pee'-tah'-oo 
 
 ay = I 
 
 
 Hiayntong 
 
 hee-Ine'-tong' 
 
 
 
 Caynen 
 
 cah'-yoo en' 
 
 oi = fi 
 
 
 Hoei 
 
 ho'-a' 
 
 
 
 Pei-ho 
 
 pa'-ho' 
 
 iu = ee- 
 
 ah 
 
 Ho-kian 
 
 ho'-kee-ahn' 
 
 
 
 Che-kiang 
 
 cheh'-kee-ahng 
 
 ie = ee- 
 
 eh 
 
 Kien-Liing 
 
 kee-enMung' 
 
 
 
 I-kien 
 
 ee'-kee-en' 
 
PRONOUNCINO HAND-BOOK 
 
 
 CHINA — Continued . 
 
 
 ill = vx'-oo 
 
 Clia-kivi 
 
 eliali'-kee-oo'' 
 
 
 Liu-ehou 
 
 lee-oo'-ehoo' 
 
 oa = o-ali 
 
 Kai-hoa 
 
 klMio-ah' 
 
 oe = o-a 
 
 Wei-hoe 
 
 wa'-ho-a' 
 
 ou = oo 
 
 Fou-Chou 
 
 foo'-c^lioo' 
 
 
 Ilou-pe 
 
 lioo'-pa' 
 
 iia = oo-ah 
 
 Ilua Tsiang 
 
 hwali'-tsee-ang' 
 
 ue = oo-eh 
 
 Se-elmen 
 
 stl'-elioo-en'' 
 
 
 Yuen-Telieou 
 
 yoo-en'-ehoo' 
 
 ui = oo-ce 
 
 Lui-ehow 
 
 loo-ee'-chow' 
 
 iao = ee-ali-o 
 
 Seng-miao-se 
 
 seng'-mee-ah'-o-sa' 
 
 iuc = ee-oo-a 
 
 Siuen-liwa 
 
 see oo-an'-hwah' 
 
 uei = oo-a 
 
 Kuei-Chou 
 
 koo-a'-ehoo' 
 
 ouei — oo-il 
 
 Sung-pan-ouef 
 
 sung-pan'-oo fi' 
 
 eouoei r= il -oo-o-a 
 
 TaolcheovuK-i 
 
 lowl'-choo'-wii' 
 
 ell = tell 
 
 Chi-eliing 
 
 tehee'-tcliing 
 
 .sz = ss 
 
 Szechuen 
 
 ssa'-choo-en' 
 
« 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 
 JAP.AJX. 
 
 
 a = a 
 
 iu 
 
 ah 
 
 Nagasaki 
 Uraga 
 
 nail jrali-sjib'-kt\ 
 oo-rah'-gali 
 
 *• = c 
 
 in 
 
 th 
 
 Yedegawa 
 Desima 
 
 yeh-deh-gah'-wa 1 1 
 deli'-see-mah 
 
 i = ce 
 
 iu 
 
 1X1- 
 
 Tokio 
 Itsi 
 
 to^kee'o 
 eet'-see 
 
 u = «io 
 
 iu 
 
 boot 
 
 Fukurokudo 
 Shikoku 
 
 foo-koo-ro-koo'-^ 
 shee-ko-koo' 
 
 y = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Gokynay 
 
 go-kee^nl' 
 
 at' = I 
 
 in 
 
 pine 
 
 Matsumae 
 
 malit-soo-ml' 
 
 ai — i 
 
 
 
 A>shunkaitlo 
 Poronai 
 
 ah-slnK)n-kI'-do 
 lx)ro-ni' 
 
 ay = 1 
 
 
 
 S:iykaydo 
 Xankaydo 
 
 sikl'-do 
 nahn-kl'-do 
 
 v\i = ehoo 
 
 
 
 Teuriogawa 
 
 tei^'-iw^^'-wik 
 
 i u = e<MK> 
 
 
 
 Kiushin 
 Riukiu 
 
 kee-oo'-diee-oo' 
 ree-oo'-kee 00' 
 
 <»u =00 
 
 in 
 
 boot 
 
 Inouye 
 
 ee-noo'-yeh 
 
 cli = tch 
 
 
 
 Kawaguclii 
 Choshiu 
 
 kah-wab^w'-Ukw 
 tcho-shee-00' 
 
 J = y 
 
 
 
 Joritomo 
 Kijomori 
 
 yo-ree-to-mo 
 kee-yo-mo-ree , 
 
 x = z 
 
 
 
 Ximo 
 
 zee'-mo 
 
PROXOrXCIXO HAXD-BOOK. 
 
 47 
 
 XORTHERX ASIA. 
 
 i. 
 
 in lib 
 
 Auabara 
 
 ah-nah-bah-rah' 
 
 
 
 Abalak 
 
 ah bah-lahk' 
 
 
 in eh 
 
 Selenghinsk 
 
 seh-lehu gheen^k' 
 
 
 
 Keta 
 
 keh'-tah 
 
 ^ rv 
 
 in Ijee 
 
 Sir-i-Kol 
 
 seer-ee-kol' 
 
 
 
 Sibir 
 
 see-beer' 
 
 - cc 
 
 iu bee 
 
 Ts\-pa 
 
 tsee'-pah 
 
 
 
 Kolyma 
 
 ko-lee'-mah 
 
 •'.) 
 
 in IhhA 
 
 Suriiiit 
 
 soor-goot' 
 
 
 
 Ulungiir 
 
 oo-loon-goor' 
 
 -I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Baikal 
 
 bi'-kal 
 
 
 
 Tarbagatai 
 
 tar bah-gah-t;ii' 
 
 = 1 
 
 in ]>iue 
 
 Abatskaya 
 
 ah-bahts kl'-yah 
 
 
 
 Sliayuk 
 
 shi-yook' 
 
 = U 
 
 in ale 
 
 Alei 
 
 ah-la' 
 
 
 
 Yene!«isk 
 
 yeh-nee seh'- eesk 
 
 = a 
 
 in ale 
 
 Zeya 
 
 za'-yah 
 
 = (X) 
 
 iu boot 
 
 Ouratejx; 
 
 t>o-rah-teh'-peh 
 
 = well 
 
 
 Kuenlun 
 
 k wen '-loon' 
 
 = oo-ee 
 
 
 Yiliui 
 
 vee-li>e-oo'-ee 
 
 
 
 Jelaiiui 
 
 yeh-lah-goo'-ee 
 
 = oo-ee 
 
 
 Aniuj 
 
 ah-nee-oo'-ee 
 
 = oo-ee 
 
 
 3Iuya 
 
 moo-ee-ah 
 
 = tch 
 
 
 Kamchatka 
 
 kahm-tchat' kah 
 
 = y-ee 
 
 
 Jelagui 
 
 yeli-lah-go<>'-ee 
 
 
 
 Wjatka 
 
 vee-aht'-kah 
 
 = ch-li 
 
 
 Kiahkta 
 
 kee-ach-h'-tah 
 
 = k<>o 
 
 
 Elaqui 
 
 eh-lah-k(X)'-ee 
 
 1 A guttural, CM ( xtivinely rou^h h. 
 
48 
 
 THE POLYCII.OT 
 
 U = U 
 
 y =ee 
 
 
 AFRICA. 
 
 
 in all 
 
 Amhura 
 
 ahm-liali'-rali 
 
 
 Namaqiui 
 
 nali-mali'-quali 
 
 in ch 
 
 Medeali 
 
 meli-deli'-ali 
 
 
 Meroe 
 
 meli'-ro-eli 
 
 in bee 
 
 Eirbe 
 
 beer'-beli 
 
 
 Kebir 
 
 Iveli-beer' 
 
 in book 
 
 Abu 
 
 ali'-boo 
 
 
 Siut 
 
 see-oof 
 
 in but 
 
 Mayuniba 
 
 niali-yum'-bah 
 
 in bee 
 
 Akliniyni 
 
 ach-h-meem' 
 
 Kasulkhyle ralis'-ooUcli-liee'-leb 
 Myos Hormos ml'-os hor'-mos 
 
 ai = l 
 
 an = ow in cow 
 
 ay = l 
 
 ea = ell-all 
 
 ei = a in ale 
 
 ey = a in ale 
 
 ey = I 
 ie = ee-eli 
 
 Cairo 
 
 Ain 
 
 Ougila 
 
 El-Haura 
 
 Fayouni 
 
 Fanaye 
 
 Enarea 
 
 Narea 
 
 Kosseir 
 
 Slieik 
 
 Zeyla 
 Seychelles 
 
 Graaf Reynet 
 
 Gliindieh 
 
 Ralimanieli 
 
 kl'-ro 
 
 ine 
 
 ow-jee'-lah 
 
 el-how'-rali 
 
 fl-oom' 
 
 fali-nl'-yeli 
 
 eli-nali'-reh-ali 
 
 nali'-reli-ali 
 
 kos-sare' 
 
 shake 
 
 zfi'-lah 
 
 sfi-sliell'' 
 
 gralif rl'-net 
 
 glieen'' dee-eli 
 
 rali-nia!in' ee-eh 
 
ntONOU.NCIXG HAND-BOOK. 
 
 49 
 
 AFRICA— Continued. 
 
 oe = ec 
 oe = o-eli 
 oc = GO 
 oe = o 
 oi = ec 
 oil = 00 
 
 ch = tell 
 ell — sli 
 
 j = zh 
 Ih = I'yc 
 qu = k 
 X = sh 
 z = ts 
 
 in bee 
 
 in bee 
 
 in cow 
 
 in get 
 
 Moeris 
 
 mee'-ris 
 
 Meroe 
 
 meh'-ro-eh 
 
 Bloenihof 
 
 bloom'-hof 
 
 Arroe 
 
 ar-ro 
 
 Oibo 
 
 ee'-bo 
 
 Aboukir 
 
 ali-boo-keer' 
 
 Quad 
 
 oo-alid' 
 
 Oudtslioorn 
 
 owts'-horn 
 
 Bechuana 
 
 bet-choo-ah'-nali 
 
 Cherchell 
 
 sher-sliell' 
 
 Girgeli 
 
 jeer'-jeh 
 
 Gizeh 
 
 ghee'-zeli 
 
 Jebel 
 
 jeb'-el 
 
 Ajan 
 
 ah'-zhahn 
 
 Ilheo 
 
 eel-yell '-0 
 
 Querimba 
 
 keli reemMtah 
 
 Magodoxa 
 
 niali-gali-do' shall 
 
 Tacazze 
 
 tah-kaht'-seh 
 
 The various powers of tlie same letters on this page may perhaps 
 lie made somewhat less perplexing by considering that they follow to 
 a great extent the analogy of the several languages spoken by 
 European colonists in Africa, and prevail especially, each in the 
 region occupied by the corresponding race. The Dutch sound of ae, 
 oe, ?, t, oo, or of ou, namely ikv, will occur chiefly among the Bt)ers of 
 South Africa; ch and J will be apt to have their English value in 
 Egypt and at the Caixi, their French and Portuguese elsewhere. 
 
oO 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 SOUTH AMEEICA. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in 
 
 ah 
 
 Alcantara 
 
 Aymara 
 
 Alegrette 
 
 ahl-cahn-tah'-rah 
 I-mah-rah' 
 
 e = e 
 
 in 
 
 eh 
 
 ah-leh-gret'-teh 
 
 
 
 
 Cerea 
 
 seh-reh'-ah 
 
 l = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Chiriqui 
 Quito 
 
 chee-ree-kee' 
 kee'-to 
 
 U = 00 
 
 in 
 
 boot 
 
 Cuzco 
 Piino 
 
 koos'-ko 
 poo'-no 
 
 y = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Yaracuy 
 Apihahy 
 
 ee-ah-rah-coo-ee' 
 ah-pee ali'-ee 
 
 c' = c 
 
 in 
 
 cell 
 
 Concepcion 
 
 con-sep-see-on' 
 
 9=c 
 
 in 
 
 cell 
 
 Conceicao 
 
 con-se i-ee-sah'oh 
 
 ch = tch 
 
 
 
 Chagres 
 Chiriqui 
 
 tchah'-gres 
 tchee-ree-kee' 
 
 g2 = zh 
 
 
 
 Sergipe 
 
 sair-zhee'-peh 
 
 g3z=h 
 
 
 
 Cartagena 
 
 car-tah-heh'-nah 
 
 gu' = g 
 
 in 
 
 get 
 
 Portuguesa 
 
 por-too-gheh'-sah 
 
 gu< = gw 
 
 
 
 Guajira 
 Bahia 
 
 >war.hee''-rah 
 
 h is silent 
 
 
 
 jah ee'-ah 
 
 
 
 
 Apihahy 
 
 ah-pee-ah'-ee 
 
 f = li 
 
 
 
 Jujuy 
 
 hoo-hoo-ee' 
 
 i« r= Zh 
 
 Ih = I'ye 
 
 
 
 Joazeiras 
 
 zho-ah-seh'-ee-rahss 
 
 
 
 Velha 
 
 vehr-yah 
 
 ll=:rye 
 
 
 
 Truxillo 
 
 troo-heel'-yo 
 
 nh = n'ye 
 
 
 
 Maranhao 
 Cunha 
 
 mah-rahn-yah'-o 
 koon'-yah 
 
 qu = k 
 
 
 
 Barquesimeta 
 Arequipa 
 
 bar-keii-see-meh'-tah 
 ah-reh kee'-pah 
 
 x« = sh 
 
 
 
 Abacaxis 
 
 ah-bah-cah- sheesh ' 
 
 x'=h 
 
 
 
 Xabary 
 
 hah-bah-ree' 
 
 z = s 
 
 
 
 Azul 
 
 Zozoranga 
 
 fih-soor 
 so-so-rahn'-gah 
 
 1. Before e and t. 2. In Brazil Ijefore e and i. 3. Elsewhere before 
 e and i. 4. Before « and o. 5. In Spanish colonies. 6. In Brazil. 
 As will be inferred from the jjreceding notes, different values of the 
 same letter or letters in South American names, are in general 
 severally confined to countries settled by Spaniards and by Portu- 
 guese respectively. 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 51 
 
 SOUTH AMERICA— Continued.. 
 
 all-ell Minas Geraes 
 
 Aimaraez 
 I Valparaiso 
 
 ah-o Sao Paulo 
 
 Callao 
 in cow Piauhi 
 Maule 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 Uruguay 
 Aldea 
 I'reas 
 Almeida 
 Gualateiri 
 Euzebio 
 Neuguen 
 Guarmey 
 Yapeyu 
 Diego 
 Cienega 
 Agoaquente 
 Chiloe 
 Oeiras 
 Welgeinoed 
 Outeiro 
 Ouya 
 Hiiawra 
 - Guaduas 
 Buen Ayr 
 Llanquiiiue 
 Uirubu 
 Buines 
 Yaracily 
 Apatuya 
 
 mee' naliss-2heli-rah''-eg 
 
 I-mali-rah'-es 
 
 valil-pali-rl'-so 
 
 sali-o-poW-lo 
 
 cahl-lali'-o 
 
 pee-ow'-cc 
 
 moW-leli 
 
 boo-eh'-noce I'-res 
 
 oo-roo-gwl' 
 
 ahl-deli'-ali 
 
 breh'-aliss 
 
 }ilil mel/ eedali 
 
 gvvar-lah-teh'-eeree 
 
 eli-oo-seli'-bee o 
 
 neli-oo-ghen' 
 
 gwar-meli'-ee 
 
 ee-ali peli'-ee-oo 
 
 deeeh'-go 
 
 see-eh-neh'-gali 
 
 ali-go-ali-ken"- teli 
 
 chee-lo-eli' 
 
 o eli-ee'-raliss 
 
 vel geliniood 
 
 oo teh'-ee-ro 
 
 oo'-yah 
 
 oo-^-w'-rali 
 
 goo ah'doo-aliss 
 
 boo-ehn'-Irc' 
 
 lahn-kee' oo-eli 
 
 oo-ee-roo'-boo 
 
 boo-ee'-nes 
 
 eeali rali koo-ee' 
 
 all-pall-loo ee'-ali 
 
 In Dutch Guiana. 
 
52 
 
 THE rOLYGLOT 
 
 MEXICO AND CENTRAL 
 AMERICA. 
 
 a = a 
 
 in 
 
 ah 
 
 Tlahs-cah-lah 
 Canada 
 
 tlahs-cah' lah 
 cahn-yah'-dali 
 
 e = e 
 
 in 
 
 eh 
 
 Tepeje 
 Velen 
 
 teh-pehMieh 
 veli-lelm" 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Cliiquilmita 
 Sinoquipa 
 
 tehee keewee'-tah 
 see-no-kee'-pah 
 
 u ~ oo 
 
 in 
 
 boot 
 
 Churubusco 
 Catuno 
 
 tchoo-roo boos'-ko 
 cah-tooii'-yo 
 
 y = ee 
 
 in 
 
 bee 
 
 Cuyuaco 
 
 coo-ee-oo-ah' co 
 
 ai = I 
 
 
 
 Fraile 
 El Maiz 
 
 frlMeh 
 el mize 
 
 ail = ow 
 
 in 
 
 cow 
 
 Tamaulipas 
 San August iiK 
 
 tall mow- lee'-p::liss 
 ' sal 111 6w-goos teen'' 
 
 ay = I 
 
 
 
 Guaymas 
 
 gwl'-mahss 
 
 ea = ell-all 
 
 
 
 Tepeaca 
 
 teh-pehah'-eali 
 
 ei= a 
 
 
 
 Teipan 
 
 ta-paliii' 
 
 eo = ali-o 
 
 
 
 Teotihuacaii 
 
 tell o-tee- hwih-caliii'' 
 
 eu = eli-oo 
 
 
 
 Teul 
 
 tell oor 
 
 ey = a 
 
 
 
 Tepeyaliuak'o 
 
 teh-pa-a!i -walil'-cd 
 
 io = ee-eli 
 
 
 
 San Diego 
 
 sahn-(lee-eli''-ii'o 
 
 oa = o-ah 
 
 
 
 Oajaca 
 
 o-ali-liali'-eali 
 
 on = 00 
 
 ill 
 
 boot 
 
 Gnadaloupc 
 
 gwah dali-l(»o'-|ieli 
 
 ua = Mtxh 
 
 
 
 Teliuaiitopoc 
 
 leh-walin-teli-pcc' 
 
 uc = well 
 
 
 
 Huehuetoca 
 
 weh-weh-to'-cali 
 
 ui = wee 
 
 
 
 Coahuila 
 
 co-ah-wee'-Iah 
 
PRONOUXCINd HAND lU)f)K. 
 
 58 
 
 MEXICO 
 
 AND 
 
 CENTRAL AMERICA— Continued. 
 
 (• as in Eng 
 
 :iis]i 
 
 
 (Jerrocahui 
 
 scr-ro-cali-wee' 
 
 cc = k-s 
 
 
 
 Iztaccihuatl 
 
 cez-lak-see-wahtr 
 
 ch — tch 
 
 
 
 Michoacan 
 
 mee-clio ah-cahn' 
 
 .i? = h 
 
 
 
 Gigedo 
 
 hec-beh'-do 
 
 li is silcDt 
 
 
 
 IIia(iiii 
 
 ce-ah'-kee 
 
 j-li 
 
 
 
 Jalapa 
 
 liah-lali'-pah 
 
 11 = I've 
 
 
 
 Fresuilla 
 
 fres neer-yah 
 
 n = ni 
 
 in million 
 
 Pinos 
 
 peen'-yoce 
 
 (111 = k 
 
 
 
 Qiicretaro 
 
 keh-reli-tah'-ro 
 
 X=rll 
 
 
 
 Xochitepcc 
 
 lio-tcliee-teh pec/ 
 
 X = X 
 
 
 
 Ixcaqiiiktla 
 
 (^ex-cali-keex''-tlali 
 
 z = s' 
 
 
 
 Zacatecas 
 
 sali-cah-teh '-caliss 
 
 1, When initial:' 
 
 
 
 
THE POLYGLOT 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 Abiquiu 
 
 Abilene 
 
 Aboite 
 
 Abrego 
 
 Absecom 
 
 Acequia 
 
 Achor 
 
 Acquia 
 
 Ac 11 sh net 
 
 Adobe 
 
 Ai 
 
 Alachua 
 
 Alafia 
 
 Alameda 
 
 Alamo 
 
 Alapalia 
 
 Alaqua 
 
 Albuquerque 
 
 Aleknagek 
 
 Alfonte 
 
 Aline 
 
 Allamakee 
 
 Alleguasli 
 
 Al moral 
 
 Alquina 
 
 Amatiguak 
 
 Amissville 
 
 Amite 
 
 Apache 
 
 Apotacon 
 
 Armuchee 
 
 Aswabanou 
 
 Attoyac 
 
 Audrain 
 
 Au Gres 
 
 Avayelles 
 
 Ballyclough 
 
 Bangall 
 
 Bernice 
 
 Bevier 
 
 ah-bee-kee-oo' 
 
 ah'-bMeue 
 
 ah-boit 
 
 ahb '-re-go 
 
 ab-se'-kom 
 
 ah-sa'-kee-ah 
 
 a'-kor 
 
 ah-kee'-ah 
 
 ah-kwish'-net 
 
 ah-do'-beh 
 
 I 
 
 ah-latch'-u-ah 
 
 ah-lah-fee'-ah 
 
 ah-lah-ma'-dali 
 
 ah'-lah-mo 
 
 ah-lap'-a-haw 
 
 ah-la'-quaw 
 
 ahl-boo-kalr'-keh 
 
 ahl-ek-nah-gek' 
 
 ahl-font'' 
 
 ali-leen' 
 
 ah-lah-mah-kee' 
 
 ahr-leh-gash 
 
 ahl-mo-rar 
 
 ahl-kee'-uah 
 
 ah-niah-tee-guak' 
 
 a' miss-vil 
 
 am-eet" 
 
 ah-pah'-tcheh 
 
 ah-po'-tali-kon 
 
 ar-muk'-ee 
 
 a-swob'-a-nou 
 
 at-to-yak' 
 
 aw'-drSne 
 
 o-graze' 
 
 ah-vi'-el 
 
 bal-ly-kloh' 
 
 ban-galF 
 
 ber-'nlce 
 
 be-veer' 
 
ROXOUXCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 Bexar 
 
 Bijou 
 
 Bodcau 
 
 Bodega 
 
 Boercheuville 
 
 Boerne 
 
 Bouliomme 
 
 Boscaweu 
 
 Botetourt 
 
 Bougliton 
 
 Broughton 
 
 Bryn Mawr 
 
 Butte 
 
 Calcasieu 
 
 Caneadea 
 
 Caughdenoy 
 
 Chagreen 
 
 Chamois 
 
 Chautauque 
 
 Chebanse 
 
 Chebeagae 
 
 Chemung 
 
 Chetopa 
 
 Chiques 
 
 Chino 
 
 Chireno 
 
 Chisago 
 
 Chocohiy 
 
 Chocorua 
 
 Choestoe 
 
 Chotean 
 
 Chowan 
 
 Cimarron 
 
 Claverack 
 
 Cloulierville 
 
 Cocolamu.s 
 
 Coeymans 
 
 Colita 
 
 Comanche 
 
 Conecah 
 
 Conejos 
 
 Coos 
 
 Cowan 
 
 Cowanesque 
 
 Cowekee 
 
 Coweta 
 
 ba-har' 
 
 bee-zhoo' 
 
 bod'-k6w 
 
 bo-da'-ga 
 
 ber'-chen-vil 
 
 berne 
 
 bon-hom' 
 
 bos'-kwoin 
 
 bo'-teh-tort 
 
 bow'-ton 
 
 bro'-ton 
 
 brin-mar' 
 
 bute 
 
 cal' ca-shu 
 
 ca-ne-a'-de-a 
 
 kok-e-nay' 
 
 shagreen 
 
 sham'-me 
 
 sha-taw'-que 
 
 she-banss' 
 
 she-beeg' 
 
 she-mung' 
 
 she-to'-pa 
 
 chik'-kiz 
 
 shee'-no 
 
 shee-ra'-no 
 
 chee-saw'-go 
 
 cho-co'-lay 
 
 cho-co-ru'-a 
 
 cho'-sto 
 
 cho'-teen 
 
 cho-wan' 
 
 see-mar-ron' 
 
 claw'-ve-rak 
 
 kloo'-ti-er-vil 
 
 ko-ko-law'-mus 
 
 kwee'-mans 
 
 ko-lee'-ta 
 
 ko-man'-slieh 
 
 ko-nee'-kah 
 
 ko-na'-hoce 
 
 ko-os' 
 
 kow'-an 
 
 kow-an-es'-que 
 
 kow-e-kee' 
 
 kow-e'-ta 
 
56 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 Cuyahoga 
 
 Decorah 
 
 Devereux 
 
 Duelm 
 
 Dunleith 
 
 Easley 
 
 Farquliar 
 
 Gila 
 
 Graneros 
 
 Gratiot 
 
 Guionsville 
 
 Haidee 
 
 Hauppauge 
 
 Hochheim 
 
 Houcktown 
 
 Huerfano 
 
 Inistiog 
 
 Iscliua 
 
 Kinnickkinnick' 
 
 Kittanning 
 
 Kouts 
 
 Leigh 
 
 Lenape 
 
 Lenawee 
 
 Leuden 
 
 Lonoke 
 
 Loughborough 
 
 Mac Cune 
 
 Mac Cleod 
 
 Manicouagan 
 
 Manidowish 
 
 Manitowoc 
 
 Manteo 
 
 Mauteno 
 
 Maringouin 
 
 Massapeag 
 
 Mesquite 
 
 Metomen 
 
 Metuchen 
 
 Moe 
 
 Mokelumne 
 
 Monocacy 
 
 Monteith 
 
 Mt. Guyot 
 
 Moweaqua 
 
 Muscogee 
 
 kl-a-ho'-ga 
 
 de-ko'-rah 
 
 dev-er-o' 
 
 dwelm 
 
 dun-leeth 
 
 ees'-ly 
 
 far'-kar 
 
 hee' la 
 
 grah-na'-roce 
 
 grah'-she-^t 
 
 ghl'-ons-vil 
 
 hi 'dee 
 
 hop'-pog 
 
 hok'-hinie 
 
 howk'-town 
 
 hwer-fah'-no 
 
 In-is-ti-og" 
 
 ish'-u-a 
 
 kit-tan '-ning 
 
 kowt.s 
 
 lee 
 
 len-alip' 
 
 leu'-a-wee 
 
 li'-den 
 
 lo-noke' 
 
 luf'-bci-ro 
 
 mac-kun' 
 
 mac-loud'' 
 
 man-ni-kwah'-gahn 
 
 nian-ni-do-wish' 
 
 man-ni-to-woc' 
 
 man-te'-o 
 
 man-te'-no 
 
 mah-ranh-gwanh'' 
 
 mas-sa-peg' 
 
 mes'-keet 
 
 nieh-to'-men 
 
 me-tutch'-en 
 
 mo 
 
 mo-kel' um-ne 
 
 mo-nok'-a-cy 
 
 mon'-teeth 
 
 ghee-o 
 
 mow'-a-qua 
 
 mus-co-ghee' 
 
PRONOUNClNf} HANDBOOK. 
 
 UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 Musconetcoiiij 
 
 Missequogue 
 
 Noxapata 
 
 ]*sueces 
 
 Oclilochnee 
 
 Oconomowok 
 
 Okeechobcti 
 
 Olcan 
 
 Oleqiia 
 
 Onekama 
 
 Oquirrh 
 
 Ouleout 
 
 Pa j arc 
 
 Papevert 
 
 Paotone 
 
 Pequea 
 
 Perquimans 
 
 Pioche 
 
 Plaquemine 
 
 Pohono 
 
 Presque Isle 
 
 Puuta Arenas 
 
 Queneno 
 
 Que whiffle 
 
 Quinaiutt 
 
 Kamapo 
 
 Kickreal 
 
 Rio Grande 
 
 liio Yirgen 
 
 Kosbach 
 
 liothsvillle 
 
 Rousseau 
 
 Rowan 
 
 Rutherford 
 
 Saco 
 
 Saguache 
 
 Saliua 
 
 Salkehatchie 
 
 San Augustine 
 
 San Diego 
 
 Sangre de Christo 
 
 San Joaquin 
 
 San Jose 
 
 San Juan 
 
 Saint August in 
 
 Saucelito 
 
 inus-co-net'-cong 
 
 niis-se-quog' 
 
 nox-ah-pah'-tah 
 
 nwa'-ces 
 
 ok-lok'-nee 
 
 o-ko-nom'-o-wok 
 
 o-kee-cho'-bee 
 
 o-Ie-an' 
 
 o-le'-qua 
 
 o-nek'-a-ma 
 
 o-quer 
 
 owl'-e-owt 
 
 pah-hah'-ro 
 
 pahp-vair' 
 
 pah '-o -tone 
 
 pek-wa' 
 
 per-quira'-ans 
 
 l)ee-o'-cheh 
 
 plak'-nieen' 
 
 po-ho'-no 
 
 presk'-eel' 
 
 l)oon'-tah-ah-ra'-ualis 
 
 Keh-nee'-no 
 
 kwee-whiti' 
 
 kwee'-nl-ut 
 
 rah-mah-po' 
 
 rick-re-all' 
 
 ree'-o-grahn'-deh 
 
 ree'-o veer-hane'' 
 
 i-oss'-bach-h 
 
 rots'-vil 
 
 roo-so' 
 
 rowan' 
 
 ruth'-er-ford 
 
 saw-ko 
 
 sah'-watch' 
 
 sah-lee'-nah 
 
 saw 1-ke-hat ch-ee 
 
 sahn-ow-goos-teen' 
 
 sahn-dee-a'-go 
 
 sahn'-gra-deh-krees'-to 
 
 sahn-wah-keen' 
 
 sahn ho-sa' 
 
 sidin hoo-ahn' 
 
 st-aw-gus'-tin 
 
 saw-sel-ee'-to 
 
58 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 Schley 
 
 Sc hoodie 
 
 Scliroeppel 
 
 Schroon 
 
 Schuyler 
 
 Schuylkill 
 
 Scituate 
 
 Searcy 
 
 Seattle 
 
 Sebewa 
 
 Sequin 
 
 Sequin 
 
 Sehome 
 
 Seiad 
 
 Sevier 
 
 Sewanee 
 
 Seymour 
 
 Shawangunk 
 
 Shawano 
 
 Shayuen 
 
 Shiawassee 
 
 Shoshone 
 
 Shubuta 
 
 Shumagine 
 
 Sineaths 
 
 Siugac 
 
 Sioux 
 
 Siskiyu 
 
 Skohomish 
 
 Snachwine 
 
 Soledad 
 
 Solgohachea 
 
 Somonauk 
 
 Soquel 
 
 Spokane 
 
 Spiiyten Duyvel 
 
 Stadakana 
 
 Stanislaus 
 
 Stecoah 
 
 Struthers 
 
 Suamiko 
 
 Suisun 
 
 Suwanee 
 
 Talmadge 
 
 Tanaga 
 
 Tangipahoa 
 
 shli 
 
 skoo'-die 
 
 skroo'-pel 
 
 skroon 
 
 skl'-ler 
 
 skoor-kil 
 
 sit'-u-ate 
 
 ser'-sce 
 
 see-at'-tle 
 
 sel)'-e-wah 
 
 se-gwdn' 
 
 sa-gheen' 
 
 se-liome 
 
 sa'-ahd 
 
 se-veer' 
 
 seh-wah'-neo 
 
 seem'-er 
 
 shong'-gum 
 
 shah-wah'-no 
 
 sha-yu-en' 
 
 shi-a-was'-see 
 
 sho-sho'-nee 
 
 shu-bu'-tah 
 
 shu-mah-gheen' 
 
 sl-neaths' 
 
 sTn'-jak 
 
 soo 
 
 sis-kee-yoo 
 
 sko-ho'-mish 
 
 snahk-wijie 
 
 so-le-dad' 
 
 sol-go-hatch'-ee 
 
 so-mo-nawk' 
 
 so-keF 
 
 spo'-kahn 
 
 spl'-ten-di'-vel 
 
 stah-dah-kah'-nah 
 
 stahn-is-16w' 
 
 stek'-wah 
 
 struth'-ers 
 
 swom'-i-ko 
 
 soo-ee-soou' 
 
 swaw'-nee 
 
 tel'-mij 
 
 tah-naii'-gah 
 
 tahn-gi-pah-ho'' 
 
niONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 59 
 
 UXlTEl) STATES— Contiimt'd. 
 
 taw-i^an'-nok 
 
 Tehama te-hali'-ma 
 
 Teheran te-he'-ran 
 
 Tekairia te-kah'-ma 
 
 Terre Coupe tair'-koo-pa' 
 
 Tliiiy Daeij.s tir-ee-damz 
 
 Tidioute tid-i-oot' 
 
 Tioughuioga tee-o-nee-a\v' pih 
 
 Tomaha to-mah-ha w ' 
 
 Tooele too-el'-e 
 
 Tortuga tor-too'-gali 
 
 Towaliga to-wol '-i-gali 
 
 Treichler trik'-ler 
 
 Tualatin twol'-a-tin 
 
 Tunkhannock tunk-havv'-nok 
 
 Twolunnie twor-um-ne 
 
 Tygh tl 
 
 Tymochtee ti-mok'-tee 
 
 Uhlersville u-lers-vil 
 
 Uintah ii-in'-lah 
 
 Unaka u'-nah-kah 
 
 Unitia u-nish'-e-ah 
 
 Upatpi u'-pa-toi 
 
 Uiland oor'-land 
 
 Volatie voK-a-she 
 
 Yallejo val-ya'-ho ^ 
 
 Vinita vee'-nee-tah 
 
 Walialak waw-hah'-lak 
 
 Wahkiakum wah-kee-ah'-kum 
 
 Wakatomica wah-kah-tom'-i-kah 
 
 Waueka wali-ne'-kah 
 
 Wapakoneta wah-pah-ko-net'-ali 
 
 Wapsinonoe wahp-siti'-o-nok 
 
 Wapsipinikon wahp-si-pin'-i-kon 
 
 Waraju wah-rah-ju' 
 
 Wapwallopen wahp-wal-lo'-pen 
 
 Waseca wah-se'-kah 
 
 Wasepi was'-e-pee 
 
 Wasioja was-ee-o'-jah 
 
 Wataga wah-tah'-gah 
 
 Watauga wah-taw'-gah 
 
 Watchemoket wat-che mo'-ket 
 
 Wathena \valh-e'-na 
 
 Watonwan wah'-t on-wan 
 
 Watopa wah-to'-pah 
 
 Waubesa waw-be'-sa 
 
THE POLYGLOT 
 
 UNITED STATES— Continued. 
 
 Waucoma 
 
 Waucousta 
 
 Wau-hillau 
 
 Waukecheen 
 
 Waukesha 
 
 Wau-paka 
 
 Waupecong 
 
 Waupon.see 
 
 Waupoun 
 
 Wauregan 
 
 Wauseou 
 
 Wausemon 
 
 Waushara 
 
 Wautoma 
 
 Wawaka 
 
 Wayzata 
 
 Wea 
 
 Weare 
 
 Wedowee 
 
 Weegee 
 
 Weir 
 
 Wekiva 
 
 Weyanoke 
 
 Weyauwega 
 
 Wey bridge 
 
 Weymouth 
 
 Wiandotte 
 
 Wickacanee 
 
 Wicomico 
 
 Willamette 
 
 Winamak 
 
 Wingett 
 
 Winibigoshish 
 
 Winipiseogee 
 
 Winterroud 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Yakima 
 
 Yavapai 
 
 Yosemite 
 
 Youghioghenj^ 
 
 wau-ko'-mah 
 
 waw-koos'-tah 
 
 waw-liil-law' 
 
 waw'-ke-sheen 
 
 waw'-ke-sha 
 
 waw-pah'-kah 
 
 waw'-pe-kong 
 
 waw-pon-see' 
 
 waw-pun' 
 
 waw-re'-gahn 
 
 waw'-se-oo 
 
 waw'-se-mon 
 
 waw-shah'-ra 
 
 waw-to'-ma 
 
 wah-wah'-ka 
 
 wl-zah'-ta 
 
 we'-a 
 
 ware 
 
 we-dow'-ee 
 
 wee-gee' 
 
 weer 
 
 we-kl'-va 
 
 wl'-a-noke 
 
 wl'-aw-we'-ga 
 
 wa'-bridge 
 
 wa'-mfitii 
 
 wl' an-dot' 
 
 wik-kah-kah-nee' 
 
 wee-kom'-ee-ko 
 
 wil-lahm'-et 
 
 win'-a-mahk 
 
 win'-jet 
 
 win-i-bi-go'-shish 
 
 win-ni-pJ-saw'-kee 
 
 win'-ter-rodc 
 
 wl-cV-ming 
 
 yak'-ee-ma 
 
 yahv'-a-pl 
 
 yo-sem'-ee-te 
 
 yo-ho-ga'-uy 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 61 
 
 BRITISH AMERICA. 
 
 Abatagousli 
 
 Abatagomaw 
 
 Ashwauii)i 
 
 Asimagoiiiy 
 
 Ayton 
 
 Betsiamites 
 
 Bersimis 
 
 JJobcaygeon 
 
 Chignegti 
 
 (yhertsey 
 
 Chcbogomon 
 
 Chicoulimi 
 
 Clachan 
 
 Clachnalmrry 
 
 Coaticook 
 
 C/ontrecoeur 
 
 Cawatchaii 
 
 Crapaud 
 
 Daillebut 
 
 Diilwicli 
 
 Gananoqne 
 
 Gaultois 
 
 Golthaab 
 
 llochelaga 
 
 Isle ail Cari'ot 
 
 Isle au Chat 
 
 Isle ail Haut 
 
 Isle au Heron 
 
 Isle au Raisin 
 
 Isle au Sepulchre 
 
 Isle au Chiens 
 
 Isle aux Coudres 
 
 Isle aux Griics 
 
 Isle aux Noix 
 
 Isle aux Reaiix 
 
 Isle aux Tctes 
 
 Isle Bizard 
 
 Isle Dupas 
 
 Isle la Peche 
 
 Kenogami 
 
 Killeaii 
 
 ah-bah-tali-goosh'' 
 
 ah-bah-tah-go'-inaw 
 
 ash-wah-nip''-pee 
 
 as-i-mah-go'-nie 
 
 I'-ton 
 
 bet-see-ah-meet" 
 
 bair-see-niee' 
 
 bob-ka'-jun 
 
 sheeg-iieg'-te 
 
 ches-sy 
 
 she-bo'-go-nioo 
 
 shee-koo-tee-me'' 
 
 clah'-ch-hahn 
 
 clach'-h-na-har'-ry 
 
 co-ah'-tee-cook 
 
 kontr'-kor 
 
 cow-e-chan'' 
 
 (•rah-jx")' 
 
 dji'-yc'-boo'' 
 
 dul'-lich 
 
 gan-an-ok' 
 
 g()l(!'-tWOh' 
 
 got-hahb 
 
 ho-ke-lah'-ga 
 
 eel'-o-ear-ro' 
 
 eel'-o-sliah 
 
 eer-o-hd' 
 
 eer-o-ha-ronh'' 
 
 eer-o-ra-zanh' 
 
 eel-o-sa-piilkr' 
 
 eel-o-shee-anh' 
 
 eel-o-koodr' 
 
 ccl-o-grii' 
 
 cc'l-o-invah' 
 
 cel-o-ro' 
 
 cel-o-tail/ 
 
 eel-bee-zarr' 
 
 eel-du-pali' 
 
 eel-lah-paish' 
 
 ke-nog'-a-niee 
 
 kil-le-ahn' 
 
63 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 BRITISH AMERICA— Continued. 
 
 Leith 
 
 Loughborough 
 
 MacLeod 
 
 Manitowic 
 
 Maurice 
 
 Metabetchouan 
 
 Metaghan 
 
 Methye 
 
 Michel 
 
 Nassagaweya 
 
 Nerepis 
 
 Penetanguechine 
 
 Pie de Deguire 
 
 Quirpon 
 
 Restigouche 
 
 Rochs 
 
 Sa.ouenay 
 
 Saint Aiiiie 
 
 Saint Alexandre 
 
 Saint Andre 
 
 Saint Anices 
 
 Saint Anselni 
 
 Saint Antoine 
 
 Saint Antoine de Tilly 
 
 Saint Antonin 
 
 Saint Arsene 
 
 Saint Athanase 
 
 Saint Aubert 
 
 Saint Augiistin 
 
 Saint Basil 
 
 Saint Bona venture 
 
 Saint Croix 
 
 Saint C3Tille 
 
 Saint Cyrille de la I'ucalierc 
 
 Saint Baunie 
 
 Saint Brigide 
 
 Saint Foy 
 
 Saint Gervais 
 
 Saint Jean d'Angcly 
 
 Saskatchewan 
 
 Semisopochnoi 
 
 Stikine 
 
 Temiscaniingue 
 
 Tsounonthouan 
 
 Washademook 
 
 Why coco 'mall 
 
 leeth 
 
 lO'-bo-ro 
 
 mac-loud' 
 
 man i-t6wMk 
 
 mo'-reess' 
 
 met-a-bet-choo-ahn 
 
 met-a-gh-han' 
 
 meh-thl' 
 
 mee'-shel' 
 
 nahs-sah-gah-wa'-yah 
 
 neh'-reh-pee 
 
 pen-eh-tahn'-geh-sheen 
 
 pee'-deh-deh-gheer' 
 
 keer'-ponh'' 
 
 restigoosh 
 
 rosh 
 
 sag'-e-na 
 
 sanh'-ta-ma' 
 
 sanh' ahl-eks-ouh-dr 
 
 sanh' onh'-dra' 
 
 sfmli' ah'-neess 
 
 Sfinh' onh'-selm'' 
 
 sanh' onli'-twawn' 
 
 sanh' onh'-twawn'-deh'-tee'-yee' 
 
 sanh'' onh-to-nanh 
 
 silnh' ar-sane' 
 
 H'duh' ah-tah-uahs' 
 
 sanh' o-bair 
 
 sanh' o-glis-tfinh' 
 
 sfinh' bah-zeel' 
 
 sjuih' bo-na-vonh-ture' 
 
 sanh' krwaw' 
 
 sanh' see-reel' 
 
 sanh' see-reel'-deh-lah-po-c;ili-t:e-air' 
 
 sanh' home 
 
 sclnh' bree-zheed' 
 
 sanh' f waw 
 
 sanh' zhair-va' 
 
 silnh' zhanh-donh-zhe-lee' 
 
 sas-katcli'-e-wan 
 
 seh-ince-soix )ch-h-n()i 
 
 stce-kecn' 
 
 leh inis-cah-ming' 
 
 ts(A)-non-tho()-ahn' 
 
 wash-a-de-moke' 
 
PRONOUNCING HAJfD-BOOK. 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND. 
 
 Abbeyfeale 
 
 Abbeyleix 
 
 Abergavenny 
 
 Abergele 
 
 Abersychan 
 
 Accom 
 
 Achill 
 
 Adovalton 
 
 Achonry 
 
 Aghrim 
 
 Ailsa 
 
 Air 
 
 Alcester , 
 
 Aide 
 
 Aldenley Edge 
 
 Alderwasley 
 
 Almond 
 
 Alnioudbury 
 
 Alne 
 
 Alnwick 
 
 Alsager 
 
 Althorp 
 
 Altrincliam 
 
 Altringliam 
 
 Alvanley 
 
 Alwoodley Gate 
 
 Amotherby 
 
 Aoon 
 
 Argyle 
 
 Arlecdon 
 
 Armagh 
 
 Arundel 
 
 Asliburnham 
 
 Ashton-under-Lyne 
 
 Askeaton 
 
 ab-be-fale' 
 
 ab-be-lace' 
 
 ah'-ber-glien-ny 
 
 ah'-ber-ghee'-leh 
 
 ali'-ber-suck'-an 
 
 yac'-cam 
 
 acli-li'-ill 
 
 ath'-er-ton 
 
 acli-li'-on-ry 
 
 awgh-h-reem' 
 
 ale'-sa 
 
 air 
 
 uws'-ter 
 
 aid 
 
 audMy-edge' 
 
 al'-lers-ly 
 
 ali'-mond 
 
 am'-bry 
 
 horn 
 
 an'-nik 
 
 aii-ger 
 
 all 'thorp 
 
 thrutchm 
 
 antrinjam 
 
 altringam 
 
 ants jam 
 
 all'-tring-ham 
 
 avvvanly 
 
 anley gate 
 
 em'-mer-by 
 
 orn 
 
 ar'-ghlle 
 
 arl'-ton 
 
 ar-mahgh' 
 
 arndle 
 
 esh' brum 
 
 aeshin 
 
 as-ka'-ton 
 
64 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued. 
 
 Athboy' 
 
 
 Athelbampstoue 
 
 atli '-el-tun 
 
 Athy 
 
 ah-thi' 
 
 Auchinleek 
 
 af-tiek 
 
 Aiiclitermuchty 
 
 och-li-ter-mucli-li-ty 
 
 Augliton 
 
 i-tun 
 
 Auldearn 
 
 owl-dairn 
 
 Avrton Gifford 
 
 autun jiffud 
 
 Aylesbuie 
 
 alez-ber-ry 
 
 Ayr 
 
 air 
 
 Ayscough 
 
 as-key 
 
 Ay ton 
 
 yatton 
 
 Babingley 
 
 beverley 
 
 Balguy 
 
 borgy 
 
 BahTio'ral 
 
 
 Balquhitter 
 
 bal-kit-ter 
 
 Banff 
 
 bant" 
 
 Barfiostone 
 
 barsn 
 
 Barugh 
 
 bark 
 
 Beaconsfield 
 
 bek-onz-feld 
 
 Beauclianip 
 
 beeclini 
 
 Beaudiief 
 
 beeclnf 
 
 Beaulieu 
 
 bewly 
 
 I'eekbrook 
 
 beg-brook 
 
 Bedel 
 
 biddel 
 
 Beeston 
 
 beesn 
 
 Beith 
 
 beetli 
 
 Bellinghani 
 
 bellinjam 
 
 Bel voir 
 
 beevor 
 
 Berk, ley 
 
 barkly 
 
 Berwiek 
 
 berrik 
 
 Bicester 
 
 bister 
 
 Bethune 
 
 beatun 
 
 Bligh 
 
 bli 
 
 Blythc 
 
 bli 
 
 Bollingtou 
 
 bollitn 
 
 liootli Town 
 
 boors-town 
 
 Bovcy Tracey 
 
 buvvy 
 
 Brampton Brian 
 
 brawn 
 
 Brassington 
 
 brassn 
 
 lireaslon 
 
 breesn 
 
 BrigUthelniston 
 
 bryton 
 
 Bridlington 
 
 burlington 
 
 Biislington 
 
 busten 
 
PKONOU^CIXG II.\ND-L5(H)K. 
 
 60 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued. 
 
 Bronipton 
 
 brumpton 
 
 Brough 
 
 bruf 
 
 Brougham 
 
 broom 
 
 Brougliton 
 
 brukton 
 
 Broune 
 
 broon 
 
 Buccleuch 
 
 buk-klu 
 
 Bucklow Hill 
 
 bukly hil 
 
 Bullingham 
 
 bullinim 
 
 Burgh 
 
 bruf 
 
 B3iaugh 
 
 bee-lo 
 
 Cadogan 
 
 caddugun 
 
 Calne 
 
 cone 
 
 Calva 
 
 cova 
 
 Carlisle 
 
 carell 
 
 Carshalton 
 
 casehalton 
 
 Carsington 
 
 carsn 
 
 Caverham 
 
 ca-num 
 
 Cawston 
 
 carsun 
 
 Chaddesden 
 
 chadsn 
 
 Chatham 
 
 chattum 
 
 Charteris 
 
 charters 
 
 Cheadle Hulme 
 
 cheddle eume 
 
 Chelmsford 
 
 chemzford 
 
 Chertsey 
 
 chessy 
 
 Chidcock 
 
 chid-dik 
 
 Chiswick 
 
 chiz-zik 
 
 Cholraondelsy 
 
 chumly 
 
 Cholmondeston 
 
 chumston 
 
 Cirencester 
 
 ciziter 
 
 
 serenster 
 
 Claverly 
 
 clarely 
 
 Cleckheaton 
 
 klek-e-ton 
 
 Cley 
 
 klee 
 
 Clough 
 
 cluff 
 
 Clowyd 
 
 cloo-id 
 
 Clytha 
 
 kluth-a 
 
 Cockburn 
 
 co'-burn 
 
 Cogshall 
 
 cockshal 
 
 Coke 
 
 cook 
 
 Colclougli 
 
 cokeley 
 
 Coin 
 
 kon 
 
 Colquhoun 
 
 co-hoon' 
 
 Colteshall 
 
 colesl 
 
 Colwick 
 
 collik 
 
66 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 ENGLAND. SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued . 
 
 Colwick 
 
 college 
 
 Colzean 
 
 colzSne' 
 
 Compton 
 
 cumton 
 
 Congleston 
 
 congerton 
 
 Cosliani 
 
 coo-liam 
 
 Costessy 
 
 cossy 
 
 Coutts 
 
 coots 
 
 Cowper 
 
 cooper 
 
 Coxwold 
 
 cookwood 
 
 Craigneish 
 
 crilig'-nish 
 
 Craigiietlian 
 
 crai.ii-netb' ai) 
 
 Creagli 
 Crediton 
 
 cra-gh-li 
 kirtuni 
 
 Cre Fydd 
 Cronifoid 
 
 grittilh 
 
 crumford 
 
 Cumnock 
 
 cum-lok 
 
 Dalburg 
 
 dolberry 
 
 Dalziel 
 
 deell 
 
 Dartmoor 
 
 dartymor 
 
 Davenham 
 
 dane-um 
 
 Daventiy 
 
 dauntry 
 
 
 danetry 
 
 Derby 
 
 darby 
 
 Derrygheiglian 
 
 derry-lul'-han 
 
 Derwent 
 
 darrant 
 
 Donnington 
 
 dunuington 
 
 Dove 
 
 dove 
 
 Duls Coppice 
 
 doo-cups 
 
 Durham 
 
 dorm 
 
 Eardswick 
 
 yarsick 
 
 Easkey 
 
 ase-ky 
 
 Easley 
 
 ees-ly 
 
 Eig 
 
 eeg 
 
 Eisdale 
 
 ees-dale 
 
 Etruria 
 
 trury 
 
 Eyam 
 
 eem 
 
 Fangfoss 
 
 fankess 
 
 Fe;iilierstoneli;iugl 
 
 1 leatherstun 
 
 Foljambc 
 
 i'uUjni 
 
 Fox le Henning 
 
 foxnailin 
 
 Frodsliam 
 
 fradsum 
 
 Frome 
 
 frunie 
 
 Gifford 
 
 jimul 
 
 Glamis 
 
 glamz 
 
PRONOUNCTNd HAND-BOOK. 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued 
 
 Glaston 
 
 glasn 
 
 Glencoin 
 
 lenkerrin 
 
 Glyndyfwydwy 
 
 glindowdwy 
 
 Gough 
 
 goff 
 
 Gould 
 
 gold 
 
 Grappenliall 
 
 gropuall 
 
 Gueriu 
 
 geering 
 
 Guiselcy 
 
 ghizly 
 
 Hague 
 
 haig 
 
 Haigh 
 
 haig 
 
 llallalion } 
 Hollon f 
 
 horn 
 
 Halton 
 
 hawton 
 
 Happisburgli 
 
 liazeboro 
 
 Hard wick 
 
 hardik 
 
 llarewood 
 
 harwood 
 
 llautbois 
 
 hobbies 
 
 liaworden 
 
 hardn 
 
 
 liordn 
 
 Hawes 
 
 hose 
 
 Hawick 
 
 hoick 
 
 Heathcotc 
 
 heth-cut 
 
 Heigham 
 
 hayum 
 
 Heiiies 
 
 harris 
 
 Hertford 
 
 liarford 
 
 Hobart 
 
 hubbert 
 
 Holborn 
 
 hoborn 
 
 Hohues Chapel 
 
 hoomz chapel 
 
 Horningsea 
 
 hornsy 
 
 Hotham 
 
 huthin 
 
 Hough 
 
 hufiE 
 
 Huglienden 
 
 hitchendon 
 
 Hull Senna 
 
 ho sena 
 
 Huunianby 
 
 hunnenby 
 
 Hunstanton 
 
 hunston 
 
 Idridgehay 
 
 ithersy 
 
 Ilfracombe 
 
 il'-fracoom 
 
 Hkeston 
 
 ilson 
 
 Ingonish 
 
 in-go-nish' 
 
 Innishgeil 
 
 Innishgheel' 
 
 Innishkea 
 
 innishka' 
 
 Innishtogue 
 
 innishtog' 
 
 Jedburgh 
 
 ; ethart 
 
 Kedlestou 
 
 ^celsn 
 
08 
 
 THE P0LY(;L()T 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued. 
 
 Keighley 
 
 keethly 
 
 Keir 
 
 keer 
 
 Kelsall 
 
 kelsa 
 
 Kelswick 
 
 kelsik 
 
 Kenilworth 
 
 killing-worth 
 
 Kerr 
 
 karr 
 
 Kersley 
 
 karsly 
 
 Kidderminster 
 
 kiddy 
 
 Killaloe 
 
 killaloo' 
 
 Killyleigh 
 
 killyla' 
 
 Kilsyth 
 
 kilslthe' 
 
 Kincardne 
 
 kincar'din 
 
 Kinross 
 
 kiu-ross' 
 
 Kircudnriglit 
 
 kirkoobry 
 
 Kirkleavington 
 
 kilton 
 
 Kirriemuir 
 
 kirrimure 
 
 Knollys 
 
 noles 
 
 Laslett 
 
 lacy 
 
 Launceston 
 
 lausn 
 
 Leamington 
 
 lemington 
 
 Legard 
 
 ledjud 
 
 Leicester 
 
 lester 
 
 Leigh 
 
 lee 
 
 Lei trim 
 
 leetrim 
 
 Leith 
 
 leeth 
 
 Leominster 
 
 lemster 
 
 Levison-Gower 
 
 lewson-gore 
 
 Linlithgow 
 
 linlith'-go 
 
 Linthvvaite 
 
 Unfit 
 
 Litchurch 
 
 leechurch 
 
 Loch Aciiray 
 
 loch-h-ach-hra'' 
 
 Loch na Sealg 
 
 loch-h-nah sail^ 
 
 Lostwithiel 
 
 lostwith'-el 
 
 Lougborough 
 
 luf'-bo-ro 
 
 Lough Neacli 
 
 loch-h-na' 
 
 Loughrea 
 
 loch-h-ra' 
 
 Ludgvan 
 
 lid'-gen 
 
 Macclesfield 
 
 maxfield 
 
 
 maxfilt 
 
 
 max It 
 
 Mackay 
 
 mackie 
 
 
 ma-ka' 
 
 Macleod 
 
 maccloud 
 
 Mahon 
 
 malioun 
 
rnoxouNciXG HAM) p.ooK. 
 
 09 
 
 ENGLAND, S( OTLANl), AND 
 IRELAND— Continued. 
 
 Main waring 
 
 Mailing 
 
 Maljjas 
 
 Mancester 
 
 Mar jori banks 
 
 Marylebone 
 
 Marlboro 
 
 Marston 
 
 Maryleboue 
 
 Meigle 
 
 Menzies 
 
 Meredydd 
 
 Methv^en 
 
 Moneidic 
 
 Mohoiin 
 
 Monteilli 
 
 Nuneaton 
 
 Oakhampton 
 
 Odiham 
 
 Oldham 
 
 Oiler ton 
 
 Oversley 
 
 Ouehter 
 
 Ouglitrington 
 
 Palk 
 
 Pampisford 
 
 Penicuik 
 
 Penrith 
 
 Peover 
 
 Pevensey 
 
 Pleasley 
 
 Plemondstall 
 
 Pole 
 
 Ponsonby 
 
 Pontefract 
 
 Powell 
 
 Powlett 
 
 Pulestou 
 
 Quarn 
 
 Quarndon 
 
 Kachlin 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 Ramelton 
 
 niannernig 
 
 marling 
 
 mawpus 
 
 mansetter 
 
 march banks 
 
 marry bone 
 
 morlbro 
 
 marsn 
 
 marrowbone 
 
 meegi 
 
 mingis 
 
 merdith 
 
 meffln 
 
 mon-e-dee 
 
 moon 
 
 monteeth' 
 
 yeaton 
 
 ockington 
 
 odium 
 
 owdam 
 
 owlerton 
 
 oozly 
 
 ochter 
 ootrington 
 
 park 
 
 pancher ' 
 
 pen-e-klik 
 
 perith 
 
 peerith 
 
 peeve r 
 
 pinsey 
 
 plezly 
 
 plemstall 
 
 pool 
 
 punsnby 
 
 pom fret 
 
 po-ell 
 
 porlet 
 
 pilston 
 
 quorn 
 
 quorn 
 
 rachlin 
 
 raw-ly 
 
 ramelton 
 
70 
 
 THE POLYGLOT 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continiic(L 
 
 Rasay 
 
 rah'-sa 
 
 Raihangan 
 
 rathan'-gau 
 
 Ratlikeale 
 
 rathkail' 
 
 Ravenstone 
 
 rarnston 
 
 Rievaulx 
 
 rivis 
 
 Rocester 
 
 roaster 
 
 Rolleston 
 
 roleston 
 
 Roscrea 
 
 roscra' 
 
 Rosewain 
 
 rosnan 
 
 Rostherne 
 
 rostern 
 
 Rothes 
 
 roth'-es 
 
 Rothesay 
 
 roth'-e-sa 
 
 Rouse 
 
 ruse 
 
 Routen 
 
 rooten 
 
 Row rah 
 
 roora 
 
 Rowsley 
 
 rosely 
 
 Rutherglen 
 
 ruth 
 
 Ruthven 
 
 riven 
 
 Saint Clair 
 
 Sinclair 
 
 Saint Ives 
 
 sent eves 
 
 Saint John 
 
 senjin 
 sellinger 
 
 Saint Leger 
 
 Saint Mam- 
 
 seemer 
 
 Saint Neots 
 
 senneets' 
 
 Salliouse 
 
 sail us 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 sawlzberry 
 
 Salle 
 
 sorl 
 
 Sandiacre 
 
 senjyker 
 
 Sandwith 
 
 sanith 
 
 Sawbridgeworth 
 
 sawcer 
 
 Scafell 
 
 scaufel 
 
 Sciennes 
 
 sheens 
 
 Scone 
 
 scoon 
 
 Scropton 
 
 scrapn 
 
 Scuir of Eigg 
 
 skure ov ceg 
 
 Seil 
 
 seel 
 
 Shepton 
 
 shepon 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 shrose-bry 
 
 Shurlach 
 
 surlash 
 
 Sidmouth 
 
 sidmuth 
 
 Skaldersken 
 
 skoderska 
 
 Skeyton 
 
 skytn 
 
 Slaithwaite 
 
 si a wet 
 
 Sligo 
 
 sllgo 
 
niONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 71 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 IRELAND— Continued. 
 
 Slough 
 
 Sneyd 
 
 Southwark 
 
 Soutliwell 
 
 Sowerby 
 
 Spondon 
 
 Sproston 
 
 Stockport 
 
 Stoneliewer 
 
 Stourbridge 
 
 Stourport 
 
 Strachan 
 
 Stratliaven 
 
 Swarkaston 
 
 Teatlies 
 
 Teignmouth 
 
 Tiiurleston 
 
 Tliwaite 
 
 lliynne 
 
 Timoleague 
 
 Tinehely 
 
 Tintagel 
 
 Torquay 
 
 Towcester 
 
 Trevelyan 
 
 Turnditcli 
 
 Twickenhajn 
 
 Uist 
 
 Uttoxeter 
 
 Uyea 
 
 Vaulx 
 
 Walsingham 
 
 Warwick 
 
 Wavertree 
 
 Weald 
 
 Wear 
 
 Weaverham 
 
 Wednesburg 
 
 Wemys 
 
 Weobly 
 
 Wey 
 
 Whitehaven 
 
 Whittingham 
 
 slou 
 
 sneed 
 
 sutherk 
 
 suthell 
 
 soresby 
 
 spoondon 
 
 spros'n 
 
 stoppart 
 
 stannier 
 
 stoor 
 
 stoorport 
 
 strorn 
 
 strathown 
 
 swarsn 
 
 teaz 
 
 tinmuth 
 
 thurlsn 
 
 twait 
 
 tin 
 
 timolaig - 
 
 tin-hee-ly 
 
 tin-tadgel 
 
 tor-kee 
 
 toster 
 
 trevethlan 
 
 tunditch 
 
 twittenliam 
 
 wist 
 
 tuxeter 
 
 uxeter 
 
 oo-ya 
 
 vorx 
 
 walsicum 
 
 warrik 
 
 wartree 
 
 weeld 
 
 weer 
 
 wearum 
 
 wenzbry 
 
 weems 
 
 woobly 
 
 whittan 
 whittinjam 
 
THE l^OLYGLOT 
 
 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND 
 I RELAND— Coulinued. 
 
 Whoulsicke 
 
 Wildboarclou.oii 
 
 Williampstend 
 
 Wilraslow 
 
 Wirkswortli 
 
 Wistastou 
 
 Witham 
 
 Withington 
 
 Wiveiton 
 
 Wolseley 
 
 Wolstanston 
 
 Wolverhampton 
 
 Womb well 
 
 Woodfardiswortby 
 
 Wooddale 
 
 Woolwich 
 
 Worfield 
 
 Wroth am 
 
 Wybemburg 
 
 Yardley 
 
 Yeovil 
 
 Youghal 
 
 hole-syke 
 
 wilbercluf 
 
 wilstead 
 
 wimslow 
 
 wirsydy 
 
 wistesson 
 
 wittn 
 
 withiton 
 
 wirton 
 
 woolzy 
 
 ushitn 
 
 wolverton 
 
 wombel 
 
 oolsery 
 
 wood I e 
 
 woolich 
 
 wurvel 
 
 rootiim 
 
 wimbry 
 
 ardly 
 
 yovil 
 
 yoh-hil 
 
 yowl 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-IJOOK. 
 
 
 OCEANIC A. 
 
 Adelie 
 
 ah-deli-k'c' 
 
 Ahii 
 
 I-yee' 
 
 Aijorbangis 
 
 I-yer-bang'-gliecs 
 
 Aijoe 
 
 I'.yow 
 
 Ailu 
 
 I-loo' 
 
 Aitnki 
 
 I-tah'-kee 
 
 Ampunam 
 
 alim-poo'-nahm 
 
 Anjer 
 
 alin'-yer 
 
 Atauai 
 
 ali-tow-1' 
 
 Basseiii 
 
 balis-sane' 
 
 B(;nculeii 
 
 bcn-koo'-len 
 
 Bezoeki 
 
 beli-zoo'-kee 
 
 Ceicer de ^Mer 
 
 sa-sair'-deli-m:iir' 
 
 Ceiram 
 
 sa rownh' 
 
 Chantobon 
 
 shahn-to-bun' 
 
 Chidiia 
 
 chee'-chec-a 
 
 Cockburn 
 
 co'-buni 
 
 C'oepang- 
 
 coo'-pang 
 
 Coelivy 
 
 co-et-ee'-vee 
 
 Cuivre 
 
 kweevr' 
 
 Culebra 
 
 coo-la'- bra 
 
 Daauw 
 
 dow 
 
 Ealieinomawe 
 
 a ah-hl-uo-mow'-eh 
 
 Einieo 
 
 I-ma'-o 
 
 Goentoe 
 
 goon-too' 
 
 Guguan 
 
 goo-gwahn' 
 
 Hapaii 
 
 hap-pl'-ec 
 
 Hawaii 
 
 liali-wl'-ee 
 
 Hivaoa 
 
 ee-vah-o'-a 
 
 Hoellalioe 
 
 hoo'-lah-lee-oo' 
 
 Huahina 
 
 hoo-ali-hee'-nah 
 
 Jackinot 
 
 zhali-kee no' 
 
 Kaihoolawe 
 
 kl-lioo-lali'-we 
 
 Kaipara 
 
 kl-pah'-rah 
 
 Katbalogau 
 
 kaht-bahl-o-galm' 
 
 Kauai 
 
 kow-I' 
 
 Kediri 
 
 keh-dee'-ree 
 
 Kerguc'leu 
 
 kerg'-e-len 
 
 Kilauea 
 
 kee-16w-a'-ah 
 
 Leyta 
 Lifu 
 
 la'-tah 
 
 lee-foo' 
 
74 
 
 TItE POLYGLOT 
 
 OCEANIC A— Cont iiiuod . 
 
 Loelioe 
 
 loo-hoo' 
 
 Loesa 
 
 loo'-sah 
 
 Macquarie 
 
 mak-kwor'-ree 
 
 Maitea 
 
 ml-ta'-ah 
 
 Manawatu 
 
 mah-nah-wah'-too 
 
 Maui 
 
 mow'-ee 
 
 jMauna Kea 
 
 mow'-nah-lifi'-ah 
 
 iAIaupiti 
 
 mow-pee'-tee 
 
 Mawrua 
 
 mow-roo' ah 
 
 JVIerapi 
 
 mil rah'-pee 
 
 Mindanao 
 
 min-dah-nah'-o 
 
 Molokai 
 
 mo-lo-kl' 
 
 Niliau 
 
 nee-hoW 
 
 Oalilooak 
 
 oah-too-ahli.' 
 
 Oalm 
 
 o-ah'-hoo 
 
 Otago 
 
 o-tah'-go 
 
 Olalia 
 
 o'-tah-hah 
 
 Otou 
 
 o-too' 
 
 'Ouleai 
 
 oo-la-I' 
 
 Ovolau 
 
 o-vo-15w' 
 
 Pakuratahi 
 
 pah-koo-rah-tah'-liee 
 
 Palembang 
 
 pah-lem-bang' 
 
 Papeiti 
 
 pali-pa-ee'-tee 
 
 Patany 
 
 pah-tah'-nee 
 
 Patj tan 
 
 3aht-yee-talin' 
 
 Quinhon 
 
 ieen-lion' 
 
 Quiniluban 
 
 kee needoo-balin' 
 
 liadack 
 
 rah-dahk' 
 
 Raiatea 
 
 rl-ah-ta'-ah 
 
 Ridick 
 
 rah-lik 
 
 Ranai 
 
 rah-nl' 
 
 Raraka 
 
 rah-rah'-kali 
 
 Ruapehii 
 
 roo-ah-pa-hoo 
 
 Rua Waliine 
 
 roo'-ah-wah-hce'-nch 
 
 Samar 
 
 sah-mar' 
 
 Samarang 
 
 sah-mah rahng' 
 
 Savaii 
 
 sah-vl'ee 
 
 Seinni 
 
 sane-nee' 
 
 Serayoe 
 
 seh-rlyoo' 
 
 Soembawa 
 
 soom-bow'-wali 
 
 Soerabayoe 
 
 soo-rah-bi'-yoo 
 
 Sungao 
 Tahiti 
 
 soon-gah'-o 
 
 tail hee'-tee 
 
 Tahwata 
 
 tah-wah'-tah 
 
 Tairabu 
 
 tl-rah-boo' 
 
 Taponamoa 
 
 tah-po-nah-inl'-ali 
 
PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 
 
 75 
 
 OCEANICA— Continued. 
 
 Tapeantana 
 
 Taupo 
 
 Tavai Poenamoo 
 
 Tern ate 
 
 Tewywys 
 
 Tyringin 
 
 Tinian 
 
 Tjanjor 
 
 Tjidani 
 
 Tjilatjap 
 
 Tjimanok 
 
 Tjitaroem 
 
 Tongariro 
 
 Tontoli 
 
 Toobonai 
 
 Tubal 
 
 Tubuai Manu 
 
 Tutuilla 
 
 Yahuga 
 
 Ualan 
 
 Ulie 
 
 Upolu 
 
 Vavao 
 
 Viti Levu 
 
 Vuna 
 
 Waiheki 
 
 Waiho 
 
 Waikato 
 
 Waikua 
 
 Waipa 
 
 Wairarapa 
 
 Waiwairoa 
 
 Wajo 
 
 Wakatane 
 
 Wauganui 
 
 Wangari 
 
 Wajigerou 
 
 Wangaruru 
 
 Waurekauri 
 
 Yewndoun 
 
 tali-pa-alin-tali' uaii 
 
 tow-po 
 
 tah-vl-poo-nali-moo' 
 
 ter-nalif 
 
 teh-wee'-wees 
 
 tee-reen-gheen' 
 
 tee-nee-ahn' 
 
 tyalin-yor' 
 
 tyee-dah'-nee 
 
 tyee-laht-yahp' 
 
 tyee-mali-nok" 
 
 tyee-tah-iooni' 
 
 ton-gall ree'-ro 
 
 ton-to'-lee 
 
 too-bo-nl^ 
 
 too-bl' 
 
 too-boo-I'-mah-noo' 
 
 too too-eeriali 
 
 oo-ali-hoo'-gah 
 
 oo-ah-lahn'' 
 
 oo'-lee 
 
 oo-po-loo' 
 
 vah-vah'-o 
 
 vee'-tee la'-voo 
 
 voo'-nah 
 
 wl-ha'-kee 
 
 wl-lio' 
 
 wl-kali'-to 
 
 wi-koo'-ah 
 
 wl-pah' 
 
 wl-rah-rah'-pah 
 
 wl-wl-ro'-ah 
 
 wah'-yo 
 
 wah-kali-tah'-neh 
 
 walin-gah-noo'-ee 
 
 wall-gall '-ree 
 
 wahn-gali-roo' 
 
 wahn-gali - roo '-roo 
 
 waw-reh-kow-ree' 
 
 yoon-doon 
 
THE POLYGLOT 
 
 
 
 WELSH. 
 
 
 a — ii 
 
 ill ah 
 
 Cadwaladr 
 
 cahd-ooahl-ahdr 
 
 
 
 Aber 
 
 all-be r 
 
 i = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Tthel 
 
 ee-thel 
 
 
 
 11 ir 
 
 lieer 
 
 -u-^ = T 
 
 in pin 
 
 Rliuddlan 
 
 rhith'-lan 
 
 
 
 Gutty n 
 
 ghit'-ton 
 
 -u — ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Cwmdu 
 
 koom'-dee 
 
 
 
 Teulu 
 
 toi-lee 
 
 W = ()<) 
 
 in boot 
 
 Bottwnog 
 
 bot-too'-nog 
 
 
 
 Cwm 
 
 koom 
 
 -y- = b = \x 
 
 in fur 
 
 Myrddin 
 
 mor-thin 
 
 
 
 jVlynwy 
 
 mon'-oo-ee 
 
 -y = ee 
 
 in bee 
 
 Llaety 
 
 hll'-tee 
 
 
 
 Eiry 
 
 I'-ree 
 
 ae =1 
 
 in pine 
 
 Cattraeth 
 
 cahf-rlthe 
 
 
 
 Maen 
 
 mine 
 
 ai = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Braic-Y-Pwll 
 
 brike-ee-poold 
 
 
 
 Mechain 
 
 meh'-cli-lilne' 
 
 an — oi 
 
 in coin 
 
 Dauddwr 
 
 doi-thoor 
 
 
 
 Dj^vynaul 
 
 d5-vo-noil 
 
 JIW = ow 
 
 in cow 
 
 Madawc 
 
 mali-dowc 
 
 
 
 Mawr 
 
 m6wr 
 
 ei = I 
 
 in pine 
 
 Llanddeiniolen hllan-thi-nee o'-Iph 
 
 
 
 Einion 
 
 I'-nee on 
 
 eu = oi 
 
 in coin 
 
 Llanbeulan 
 
 lillan-boi'-laii 
 
 
 
 Aneurin 
 
 ali-noi'-rin 
 
 iw = u 
 
 in tune 
 
 Lyglyw 
 
 lOgMu 
 
PIIONOCNCING HAND-IJOOK. 
 
 WELSH— Continued. 
 
 yw = u 
 
 in tune Llywelyn hlu-el'-lon 
 
 Hywel hu'-el 
 
 in coin Coed-Y-Cuni;ir koid-ee-kili'-mar 
 
 Kyvoesi ko-voi'-see 
 
 r^t: 
 
 = f 
 
 til 
 
 = hl-l 
 
 = tll 
 
 in tlie 
 
 HI "ret 
 
 in thud 
 
 Caer 
 
 Cwm 
 
 Abererch 
 
 Gwladgarwcli 
 
 Eisteddfod 
 
 Gwenddwr 
 
 Llunfair 
 
 Mathafarn 
 
 Dyffryn 
 
 Gryffydd 
 
 Gwgan 
 
 Gyveurydd 
 
 Llanveithin 
 
 Llywarcli 
 
 Mathafarn-Eitliaf 
 
 kire 
 
 kooni 
 
 ah-ber-erch-li' 
 
 goo-lalid- gar-ooch-h' 
 
 ice-teth-fod 
 
 goo-en'-thoor 
 
 lillan-vire 
 
 nuili-thah-varn 
 
 dof'-fron 
 
 gro'-foth 
 
 goo'-gan 
 
 go voi'-roth 
 
 lillan-vl'-thin 
 
 lu'-arch-li 
 
 mah-thah'-varn-I'-thav 
 
 1, cJi. is an aspirate guttural best pronounced after a l>road ah. 
 2. -f/-is the same guttural vocalized. 8. /Hs ^ prolonged and aspirate, 
 so that while the tongue still touches the roof of the mouth, the 
 breath passes forcibly on each side. 4. A hyphen after a letUir, 
 before it. or both l)efore and after it, indicate its position as initial, 
 final, or in the middle of a word. 
 
JliGtic {\0 id SberiQ 
 
 OR, 
 
 EIGHT MONTHS WITH THE ARCTIC WHALEMEN. 
 
 By Herbert L. Aldrich, 
 
 Who made the cruise with the fleet of 1S87. With thirty-four half 
 tone process illustrations, from photographs taken by the author; anc 
 a correct map of the Arctic Whaling- Grounds. 
 
 "Appeals to a v.ide circle of readers, and will enchain the attention o; 
 the school-boy as well as the scholar.' — Chicago Tribune. 
 
 12mo; 234 Pages, with Handsome Coyer Design in Gold and Black. 
 
 PRICE, $1.50. 
 
 CRUISIBGS IB THE CASCADES 
 
 A NARRATIVE OF 
 
 TRAVEL, EXPLORATION, AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY, 
 HUNTING, AND FISHING. 
 
 By G. O. SHIELDS ("Coquina"). 
 
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 12mo; 300 pages, ^ profusely illustrated; ,wi,<^li l.andsdiitc gold side and 
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 I BY CHAS. G. LELAND, A. M., F. R. L. S. 
 
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 IN A SERIES OF LESSONS. 
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