' 5?"/ Iff, ll'U^^ ^ ■ /• LjUdO. jT, ISSUED IN THE RtALTO SERIES. The Abbe Constantin. By LUDOVIC HALEVY. With 36 beautiful halftone engravings from the original illus- trations by Mme. IMadeleiiie Lemaire. Double Namber, in paper cover, $1.00; half morocco, $2.00. For Sale at all Booksellers and News Stands. This exquisitely beautiful story has won its way into the hearts of many people in many lands, and so long as unsel- lish love, modest nobility, and humble devotion to duty are regarded as admirable ; so long as manly men and womanly women are regarded as lovable,— so long will this story be admired and loved. To the perfect touch of the author, Mme. Lemaire has added the interpretation of a sympathetic artist of fine taste and skill ; and the book, as it now appears, embellished with her beautiful designs, is one of the tinest things in literature of this class. Send for complete catalogue. RAND, MCNALLY & CO., CHICAGO AND NEW YORK. THE N POLYGLOT PRONouNcmG Hand-Book. a ley Tf) THK Cf)i;RKrT l'IU)XT-X('IATI()N OF Cl-RUEXT GEOGRAPHICAL AXJ-) oTiii:u i'i:'jr:::i nami:s fiiom foheign languages. D. G. II // A^Mix^4^ chicago and new york: Rand, McNally &. Company, Puelishbrs. 1890. (r I OS CCPYRIGHT iSSq, ]!Y Rand, McNali.y & Co PREFACE. This little hand-book, though it may prove a welcome convenience to many a student, is not meant especially for the use of scholars. If it might choose a public, it would be the public of newspaper readers. Its aim is merely to tell to any one of that somewhat extended circle, how to pronounce perhaps nine out of ten of the names of persons or places the world over, to be met in the columns of English or American newspapers. Even this modest aim it does not claim to accomplish, in either extent or manner, perfectly. So small a book can not well give the means of so much as guessing at the sound of even nine- tenths of all the names in the world. No book can l)erfectly convey to persons who know only English, sounds that do not occur in English. This particular book does not profess to give, even by approximation, the sounds of any language in its entirety. As to the pro- nunciation of many languages, there are rules and exceptions which do not affect proper names, yet of which the statement or adequate illustration would occupy space that could be ill afforded in the; plan of so compact and small a volume, viiiile their omission would be seldom felt, even in a study of the language as a whole. What the book does give, liowever, it claims to give promptly and simply, without much turning of leaves, witliout slow and doubtful interpretation of a complex system of phonetic symbols, and in a manner to be under- stood at a glance. In most languages of Europe, as also in those of other regions of the globe, from which names come before English-speaking readers with comparative uniformity of pronunciation, these names are classed according to the letters or combinations of letters occurring in them which have a value other than the English value. The name and its sound are close together; with possiblj^ the exception of a single language, all the sounds of all the names in a language are placed at one glance before the eye, within the compass of one, or at most of two, small pages. Where the irregularity of pronunciation is too 4:il4M ri; F.I ACE. gi-edt i'oi' ^'uvih^ claosifieatioh, the names are arranged in alphabetical lists as comprehensive as they could well be made in accordance with the plan of the book. In bespeaking indulgence for the inevitable short-coniiii.us of his book, the compiler must plead excuses, the full weight of which can be felt only by those who have been engaged in similar work. Even in so thoroughly finished and polished a language as tin; French he has not had the fortune to find a single grammar that gave the sounds of the language really exhaustive treatment, nor any two whose treatment of them agreed in all points. In the Slavic and other languages of Eastern Europe, as well as in those of other quarters of the world, not only is the unsettled condition of the pionunciation often made worse by the intermingling of distinct races on the same soil, but this double confusion is still worse confounded by the extreme carelessness of translators, thiough whose tians- literation alone do names from these languages commonly come before English-speaking readers. There is no assurance that an English translator, for instance, may not use now English, now French, now German equivalents, and that, not merely in the same volume, but in the same word, and, if the word be long enough, in the same occurrence of that word. A Russian, translating from the Russian, may feel no obligation to any particular consistency of method iii representing the sounds of his mother-tongue. Such considerations, the compiler trusts, may suffice to shield him from too large a share of responsibility for defects in his work, of which he is beforehand well aware, but which, he feels assured, will not prevent its proving a very useful and convenient hand-book. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. Afghanistan 41 Africa 48-49 Arabia .. 40 Belooclii.st;in . 41 Bohemian 32 British America 61-63 China- 44-45 Danish 20-2 1 Dutch 22-28 England, Scotland, and Ireland _ . 63-72 French 9-12 German 14-15 Hungarian 26-27 India 42-43 Italian 13 Japan 46 Mexico and Central America 52-53 Modern Greek 34-35 Northern Asia 47 Oceanica 73-75 Persia 41 Polish 30-31 Portuguese 18-19 Roumanian 39 Russian ', 28-20 Servian 33 South America 50-5 1 Spanish 16-17 Swedish 24r-25 Turkey in Asia 38 Turkey in Europe „.-. 36-37 United States 54-60 Welsh 70-77 (<) THE POLYGLOT PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. The mathematical sign of equality, =. throughout the book, expresses the equivalence of characters connected by it. FRENCH. ji = a in all Cannes kalin Barras ball-rail ' am' = en in encore Chambery chahnh-bai-ree' ail' — en in encore Vauban vo-bahnh' c-^ = e in battery Chevreul sho-vrol'4 Anquetil ahnh-ko-tcel'' e^ = e in ebb Etienne a-tee-en' Daguerre dali-gherr' (' = a in ale Cr^billon era bee-yonli' Fenelon fa-n'-lonh' c = e in there Moliere mo-lee-air' Ampere ahm-pair' en' = en in enc-ore Argent euil arr-zhonh^-to'-ee Genlis zhonli'-lee' i = ee in bee Ivry ee-vree' Racine rah-seen' in' — an in anchor Ingre anli*-gnT Bernardin bair-nar-drinh'*' oil' = on in monk Bourdon bour-donh' Gougon goo-gonli' n = ti5 Bossii bos-sii' Bugeaud bli-zho'' 1. After a vowel, m and n, when either final or followed by a con- sonant which is neither m nor n, have a nasal sound very like that of // in anchor, but somewhat less distinct. 2. e unaccented, if final, is mute; elsewhere, except as in next remark, is obscure, as in batter. :). When unaccented and before a consonant in the same syllable. 4. o represents, throughout the book, the obscure sound of i in sir or of u in fur. 5. u represents, throughout the book, a sound unknown in English and which is pei'haps most readily produced, if, while uttering a broad ah and without interrupting the sound, the lips and tongue are brought into position for whistling. Final consonants are silent, excepting c, /, I., and r. G. a = a in Anne. 7. z/i = 2 in liizure. (9) 10 TIIE rOLYGLOT FRENCH— Com iniied. onli* ym j '^ Lebrun Yverdun lo-bronli' ee-vair-donh'' Ivry Ypres ee-vree' ee-pra' in bee in anchor Droiiyn droo-anli'' 1, 4, G. See notes on i)reee<linji: page. ae = ah Caen kalinh Stael stahl ai = a in ale Aisne Tine Montaigne monh-tane' ai' = e in there Clairaut clair-o ai'^ = ah-ee Baillet bali-ee-yii' aim = an in anchor Etain fi-tahnli' ain Maintenon manh-t-nonh' ao = 5 in no f^aone sons ao = ah-o llaon I'Etape rah-onli-leh-tahi au = o in no Aulne own Auber 0-bair' ay = iT in ale Aizenny a-z'-mV Baraghay bah-rah-ga' ean = alinh Jean zhahnh ea -- fi-ah St. Beas sanh-ba-ah' eau = in no Augereau o-zh'-ro' Sceaux sO ei = a in ale Seine siine Lourdoueix loor-doo-a' fn \ = ^ in anchor em \ eo =: in bore George zhorzh eo = a o Deols da-ol' eu = o=i in sir Bayeux bah-ee-o' Argentcuil ar-zhonh-to'-yih ey = a in ale Arveyron ar-va-ronh' Ney na ie = ee in bee Die dee ie = ee-eh Mielan mee-a-lanh' oa = wah Coarraze kwar-rahz' Langoat lahn-gwah' oe = o-a Plancoet plahnh-cO-il'' Ploermel pl5-air-mer 1. Commonly before r. 2. Commonly before II followed by a vowel. In general, no rules are given by grammars for distinguishing different values of single vowel-combinations on this page. PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. U FREN( 'II— Continued. oin — wfinh ov = wii in wale in boot in water "y Aniboise Ijoileau Joinville Cysoing Angoiilenie Oiiftinot Boyer Jouffroy j\[aupertuis Cuisery Briiyere Luynes ahnh-bwoz" bwaw-ld' zhwanli-veel'' see-zw3nh' ahnh-goo-lamc' oo-dee-no' bwaw-ya" zhoo-frwaw' nio-palr-twee' kwee-zeh-ree' brwee-yair' hveen clii = sh g' = z ui = 11 i_ txn =r ni gu = g .i = '^- iV' = ee iii^ = y (|U = k s"' — z sc- = ss th = t in kizure in William in minion in get in leizure in bee Champagne ("hoiseul Gironde Oenlis Broglie Armagnac Brougniart Duguesclin Guizot Ajain Joinville Argenteuil Chevreiil Chantilly Condillac Anquetil Esquirol Amboise^ Clioiseur Sceaux Scey Thiers Berthollet Wailly Watteau shalim-pahu"* shwoz-ol' zhee-rond' zhonh-lee' brole-yee'' ar-mahii-yahc' broon yarr' dii-guess-cUtnli'' ghee-zo' ah-zhanh' zhwanh-veer ar-zhonh-to'ce sho-vror shahnh-tee-yee' conli-dee-yahk' almh-keh-teer ess-kee-ror ahm-bwoz' shwoz-ol sso ssO, tee-air' bair-tol-la' vah-yee' vah-to' 1. Except in names from Latin and Greek. 2. Before e, i, y. 3. Final and chiefly after vowels 4. Not initial nor before consonant. 5. Between vowels. 6. n — ni in minion. Of consonants between vowels, only such as may begin a word join the second of two sylla- bles. The syllables of a' French word are pronoimced with nearly uniform stress, dwelling slightly, however, on the last. 13 TIIK POT.YOI.OT X = ks iu x^ = gz in X = ss in X is silent in z = 88 in FRENCH— Com imied. Aix Aix-hi-Cliapelle Auxy-le-Cli.lteau , Tauxigny Zex Paixhans Ajax Alexandre Xavier Xerxes Aix-en-Province Auxerre Auxonne Bruxelles Bayeux Lourdoiieix Sceaux Metz Suez iikse ukse-lah-shah-pel'' o-ksee-lo- sliah-to ' to-kseen-yee' zheks paliks-ahnh' ali-zhahks' ah-leks-anli'-dr gzali-vee-fi' gzair-ssess' ace-onli pro-vrmhss' o-sair' o-sonn' brii-ssel' bl-yo', loor-dooa' so metss su-ess' initial and after initial e. I'KoxoL ■^e ix(i iiand-uook la ITALIAN, a = a in all Anialfi ahniahr-fce Caracei kah-raht'-chec e = a in ale Veglia vale" yah Alfieri ahl-fee-a'-rei! i = ec in bee Piombini )ee-om-bee'-nce Bianehini lee-ahn-kee'-nce U = 00 in boot Abruzzo ah-broot'-so Castrucei cahss-troot'-chec e' ^ I eh Piaccnza pce-ah-lchcnl'-sah Cellini tchel lee'-nec ee' = tch Ajaceio ah-yaht'-cho Vespucci vess-poot'-chee eh = k Peschiera pess-kee-e'-rah Cherubini ka-roo-bee'-nce -g-i = dgii in badge :Maggiore inah-jor'-rch Coreggio kor-red'-gee-o fe^li = 1^- in get Alighieri ali-lee-ghce-a' -rce Borghese bor-ga'-zch gli = lli in million Garigliano gall rcel-yah'-iio Cagliostro kalil-yce os'-tro gii = hi in minion Campagna kahm-pahn'-yah Carmagnola kahr-mahn-yo'-lali j = cc in bee Jonielli ee-o-mel'-lcc Brescia bi-csh'-shec-ah •se = sli Scioppius shee-op'-pcc-ooss sell = sk Peschiera pess-kee-a'-rali Brunelleschi broo-nel-les'-kce z = ds Zampieri dsahm-pce-a''-rce Z :•- tS Lanzi lalmt'-see 1. Before e and i. Two or more vo\rels together, each as if single Double consonants dovibly distinct. Whole enunciation round and u THE POLYGLOT • GEKMAN. a = a ill all Ranke rahn'-keh Hartmann hart'-mahn c= e ill eh Menzel inen'-tsel Mendelssohn nien'-dels-zohn i = CO in bee Ideler ee'-deh-ler Ihne ee'-neh i:=T iu pin Zillerthal tsiK-ler-lahl Kothsehild rot'-shilt 11 ' = oo in boot Usedoni oo'-zeh-doni Uhland oo'-lant u2 = oo in book Adelung ah'-deh-loong Humbohlt hooni'-bolt u-*=u Saarbriiek sahr'-brl'ick Rlickert ru'-kert y = (^« in bee Lychen lee'-ch-hen aa = a in all Aargaii ahr'-gow Waageii vah'-ghen au = 11= ac in Gael Laer (Lar) laer (nearly lair) Maeddler(Maddler) maed'-ler ' ai = I in pine Beliaim beh'-hlme JMittermaier mit'ter-ml er au — o\v in eow Zwikkau tsvik'-kow Aiierbach 6w'-er-bach-h ay = 1 in pine Thaya tl'-ah Mayer nil'-er eo = a in ale Beethoven ba'4o-ven Heeren ha'-ren eir=i in pine Eisenach I'-zen-ach-h Keichenbach rl'- eh-hen-bach-h eo = eh-o Leonhard leh'-on-liart Georg gheh-orgh' cu = oi Eupen oi'-pen Leutze loii'-seh cy = I in pine Seybusch zl'-boosh Heyse hr-seh ie = ee in bee Wien veen Tieek teek oe = (■) z= i in sir Goethe (Gothe; 1 go'-teh Froebel fio'-bcl oo := d in no Langeroog lahng'-er-ogh OU = OO in boot Boiiterwek boo'-ter-veiv Houwald hoo'-valt 1. At the end of a syllable or before an h in the same syllable. 2. Except as in 1. 3. To produce this sound, let the learner, while uttering and without interrupting a broad «//, att-e>npt to whistle. Accent in general on first syllable. rKONOUNCINO IIAXD-BOOK. 15 v — V W* = V Z =rtS ch^ = cli-h sell = .sli thir. t /.sell r^ tsli GERMAN— Continued . Taiibmaun Lubke Decius ISalice Friedland Uliland Angely Genee Schlegel Sontag in get Giessen Poggendorf Johannes Jacobi Quelle Quiriuus Vogelweide Venedig Beethoven Wien Schwartzeuberi Zurieh Zumpt Gies.sbaeli Fichte Sehonbnnm Scheffer Barth Thalberg Zselioi)peu Zschokke towp'-mahn liip'-keh da'-tsee-oos sah-leet'-seh freed '-Ian t oo'-lant ahn'-zheh-lee zho-nil" shlegh'-el son'-tagh gees'-sen pogg'-en-dorf yo-han'-nase yah-cd'-by kver-leh kvee ree'-noos foss fo'-ghel-vl'-deh veh'-neh-digh ba'-to-ven veen shvarts'-en-ber: tsoo'-rieh-h tsoompt geess'-bach-h lichMi teh shon'-broon shelter bart tahr-berg tshop'-pen tshok'-keh 1. b and d, final or before any consonant except 6, d, I, and r, t= p and t respectively. 2. Before (/, e, i, and y. 3. In names borrowed from the French. This sound is that of z in leizure. 4. When final or before any consonant except <y, I. n. r. 5. Except as in 3 and 4. 6. Except as in 7. 7. In the middle of words before a vowel and in foreign words. 8. Not a full v, but a combination of iv and v. 9. Not a palatal, but a guttural sound, most easily pronounced by a beginner after a broad ah. The position of the vocal organs is then very literally the same as in the act of " gargling ■" the throat. From this broad " acli! " the leai-ner may proceed by degrees to narrower and narrower vowel sounds, placed at first l>efore, then both before and after, and at last only after the ch . In names taken from the French, c/i letalus its l''reuch "sound of sh. l(i TIIK POLYGLOT SPANISH. a = a ill ah Cartagena Xarvaez car-tah-ha'-nah nahr-vah'-athe c' = a in ale Ijeon Rebolledc) la'-on ra-bol-ya'-tho e- =: c ill eh Alicante Tlieodisele ah-lee-calm'-teh tfi-o-dee'-seh-leh i =ee ill bee Lerida Ramiro la-ree'-thah^ rah-mee'-ro u = oo ^Iiircia Supelveda nioor'-thee^-a sa-poor-va-tha ae = ah a Baena Paez bah-a'-nah pah-iithe ai = I Concentaina con-thane^-tl' nail ay = I Jaynie hah'-ee-meh ci = a Ahneira Ribeiro ahl-ma'-ee-rah ree-ba'-ee-ro vn = a-oo Teulada Eugenic ta-oo-lah'-thah'' a-oo-ha'-nee-o ey = aec Aspeytia Almeyda ashpa'-ee-tee ah ahl-mii'-ee-thah* 1)^= V Excobar ace-ce-vahr' c^ = th in tliin Placencia Cespedes plah-thane^-tliee^ah thilse'-pa-thase^ d5=tli in the Toledo Oviedo to-la'-tho5 o-vee-a'-tho^ g = h Gijon Clavigero hoe-hon'' clah-vee'-ha-ro gu« ^ g in get Guelago Rodriguez ga-lah'-go rod-ree'-gathe ntOXOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 17 SPANISH— Continued. li is silent Ilojeda o-ha'-thah^ J - li Jaraicejo hah-rl-tha'^-lio Jovellanos ho-vale-yali'-nuc'.' Ih^lli in William Ameilhon all-male-yon' ii = i;i in William Cliinchilla cheen-cheer-yali Murillo moo-reel'-yo n = ni in minion Penas pane-yas' Zuniga thoon-yee'gali qn = k Guadalquivir gwali-dahl-kee-\eei' Quevedo ka-va'-tho^ X = Iznaxar eeth-nali-liai' Ximenez hee-ma'-nath^ Z = lll in thin Azaughal ah-tliow^-gabr Melendez ma-lane'-deth'5 I. Except as in 2. 2 Final or unaccented. 3. Between two vowels. 1. Before e and i. .5. Final or between vowels. 6. Before a and o — {/w. Two or more vowels together retain each its proper sound. Accent on last syllable of words ending in a consonant, in others on the penult, unless differently marked. 18 THE rOLYGLOT PORTUGUESE. ill all in ale in eh in bee in boot Andrada ahn-drah'dali Balthazar bahl-tah'-zahr Pequeno peh-ka'-no Pedro pa'-dro Espichel ehs-pee-shehr Rezende reh-zehn'-deh Midoes mee do'-esh Diaz dee'-ass Funchal foon'-shahl Munoz nioo'-noce Quelpaert Moraes kehl-pah-ehrt' mo-rali'-esli Favaios fah-vahee-osh Paiva pah'-ee-vah Mon^ao mon-sali''-r) Joao zlio''-ah'-o Araiijo ah-rah'-oo-zho Nicola u uee-co-lah'-oo Fayal ftlh-ee-ahr Atayde ah-tah'-ee-deh Gouvea goi- vii'-ah Correa cor-ra'-ah Ferreira feli-ra'-ee-rah Ribeiro ree-bS'-ee-ro Ilheos eel-ya'-osh Leonardo leh-O-nar'-do Viseu vee-sa'-oo Abreii ah-bra'-oo Figaniere fee-gah-nee-fl' reh Viegas vee-a'-gahsh Piiinlii pee-oon-yee' a = a e' = a e2 = e i =: ee u = 00 ae = ali-eh ai = 1 ao = ah-o au = ah-oo ay = I ea = a-ah ei — a-ee eo = il-o eu = a-oo ie = ee-fi in = ee-oo 1. Ending au accented syllable. 2. Except as in 1. 3. zh — z in leizure. Unaccented e interchanged with i, unaccented o inter changed with v. Final a, e. o, slun-ed and obscure. Two or more vowels together retain each its sepaiate sound. rr.oNOUNCiNG handbook. 19 PORTUGUESE— Continued. oa = o-ali Soares so-ali'-iesli Joaquin zho'=^-ah-keen oe ^ r)-eh Goes go-esh Midoes mee-do'-esli oil — oi Lourosa loi-rO'-sa Souza soi'-zah lui — oo-ah Duarte doo-ar'-teli liomualdo ro-moo-ahl'-do uo = oo-a Manuel mah'-noo-ehl V = ss Guagu gwah-soo' Conceicao con sa ee-sah'-o (•!l=:sh Peniche piT-nee'-sheli Machado mah-shah'-do -' = zh Gerez zha'-ress Gil zlieel gu' --g in get Rodriguez ro-dree '-guess Figueira fee-ga-ee'-rali gu- = g\v Guagu gwah-soo' Guarda gwar'-dah h is silent Bahia bali-ee'-ah Hermiguez air-mee'-guess .1 - /li Jermillo zhair-meelMo Joao zho-ah'-o lh = Ili in million Magalhaens mah-gahl jah'-cnsh Coelho co-er-yo nil = ni in minion Miulio meen'-y^'^ Caminlia crdi-meen'-yah ([w — k Pequeno pa-kJi'-no Albuquerque uhl-boo-kair'-keh s = sh Goes go'-esh Oeiras o-a-ee'-rasli th = t Thomaz to'-mass jVIathias mah-tee'-ash X == sh Azambuxeira ali-sahm-boc-slia'-ei>-rah Xavier shah'-vee-ehr z = ss Portugucz por-too-guess' Rodriguez ro-dree'-guess' 1. Before f, i, ?/, =zh = z in leizure. 2. Before a and o. A vowel before m or )i in the same syllable is nasal. Final ao is nasal. Accent on final etn, im, otn, um, on syllable marked with either ' or ^, aiul on penult of words ending in a vowel. 20 THE POLYGLOT DANISH. a = a in ah Skager skah-her Valdenar vahl-dehnahr aa = aw ill awe Aaroe aw-ro'-eh Aagaard aw'-gawrd ae = c eh Aeroe eh-ro'-eh Saebygaard seh'-bee-gawrd au = 6w in cow Lauridsen low'-rid-sen Haiige howMieh e = eh Egebyerg eh'-yeh byergh" Stege steh'-yeh ee =:a in ale Sneehaettan snaMiettan Skeel skale ei = I in pine Eighived ight'-vehd Heiberg hl'-berg eii = o = i in sir Geuss goss Deurs dorss ej = I in pine Ejdsvold Ids'-vold Vejlby vile '-bee ey = I in pine Feye fl'-yeh Beyer bl'-yer i = ee in bee Fibiger fee'-bee-her Blicher blee'-ch her'^ ie = ee-eli Spieroe spee-eh-ro'-eh Bielke bee-el'-keh ii = ee in bee Germiin yer'-nieen Friis frees o = o = i in sir Soren so'-ren Malmo mahF-mo oe = o-cli Faroe feh-ro'-eh Bergsoe bergh so-eh oj = o-ee Vemmehoj vehin'-nieh-ho-ee Vojen vo'-ee-en U = 00 in book Ulkerup oor-keh-roop Uh-ik ool'-reek il' = il Jiirgenscn ylir'-hen-sen Fiirsen fiir'-sen ne — oo-eh ITiienicken hoo-eli'' nee-ken iii := oo-ee lluitfel(lt-l\ai iis hoo-eet/ felt kawss 1. This sound can be most easily produced, if, while prolonging a broad a/i, and without intermpting the sound, the learner attempt to whistle. 2. ch-h = an extremely rough h. 3. vA = a hard ff slurred. PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 21 DANISH— Continued uu = oo ill boot Aarliuus awr'-liooce Bruuii broon y = ce ill bee Tyge tee '-yell Jyden yee'-den ell =r eh-li6 Jocliumsen yo'-ch-hoom-sen Esmarch es'-march-li d' hardly heard Hvidkilde veed'-keel-leh Throndhiem tronn'-yeni g'^ = h, i or y Girnso^' heem'-so Norge nor'-ieh Egeinark eh'-yeh-mark Ingeborg een'-yeh-borh g in uj silent Gjellerup yer-leh-roop Gjemsoe yem'-s5-eh li' before n = w Agnhamnier own'-ham-mer Sognefiord sow'-neh fyord .<>• elsewhere hard Slagelse slah'-ghel-seh Aagaard aw'-gawrd h silent in hj Hjarnoe yar'-no-eh Hjertesorg yehr' tes-orgh in liv Hvide vee'-dheh' in th Thorsoe tor'-s5-eli Bardenfleth bar'-den-flet .1 = y = ce Ofjord o'-fyord Jorgen yor'-ghen sk^ before e, i, y Bortskjaenken bort'-shehn-ken Skjalni shahlm skj^ a, o, u = sh Arentskjold ah'-rent-shol Skjode ■ sho'-deh sell = sh Schionning sliee-O'-ning Schojen sho'-yen schj = sliee Schjellerup shee-er-leh-roop 8chjorring shee-or'-ring th = t Thorkill ' tor'-kil Giinther giin'-ter V* = u or w Brunlavq broon'-lowk Poulsker powr-sker W = V Drewsen drev'-sen Erslew er'-slev 1. Between vowels and after I, n, r or f. 2. Before a, e, i, o, y, in the same syllable. 3. o = i in ^ir. 4. In Norway. 5. Before any consonant before which V cannot easily I'etain its proper sound, as in Kjobenhavn = kyo-ben-hown. 6. An extremely rough h. In Scandinavia, even more than elsewhere, is felt the want of any settled standard of spelling and pronunciation. In Danish, as in other languages in this hand-book, the aim has been so to choose between varying forms, as to give lea.st difficulty to an English-speaking person. 22 THE POTA'GLOT DUTCH. On this pagce moi'e than the average deficiencies of the grammars had to be supplemented, and the compiler bespeaks corresponding indulgence. a ■= a in ah aa = a in ah ae = a in ah ai = I in pine au = 6w e = a in ale ee = a in ale ei = I in pine eu = o = i in bird i = ee in bee ie = ee in bee y =- I in pine oe =00 in boot 00 = o in bone ou = 6w in cow 11 = ee in bee lui = ee in bee ui = oi in oil aai = ah-ee aau =r ow in cow Amsterdam Te Water Aalsmeer Boerhaave Aertrycke Spaendonck Lairesse Aitzema Nassau Gaubius Zele Elzevir Aalanderveen Heemsklrk Reiz Beijerland Deiirlioff Wijk-bej-Heusdoii Brill Limborch Biesbosch Diemerbrock Baardwijk Joncktijs Broek Binkcrsliock Groot Noordwijkerhout Abcoude Oudendorp Rnhnken Utrecht Duur-stede Buitensluis Hemsterhuis Maaijen Blaaiiw ahm'-stair-dahm ta-vah'-ter ahls'-mSre boorMiah-veh ahr'-trl-keli spahn'-donck li ras'-seli ite-za'-mah nahs'-sow liou'-bee-ees zaMa ale'-za-veer ah'-lahn-dair-vaiie liames'-keerk rlz bi'-air-lant dor-hof vike'-bi-hoss'-den breel leem'-borch-h bees-bosk' deem'-air-brok bahrd'-vike yonk'-tice brook been'-kair shook grote norf-vi-kair-howt ahb'-kow-deh ow '-den-dorp reen'-ken ee'-trech-ht deer'-sta deh boit'-en-slois hame'-ster-hoiss mah'-ee-yen blaii-ow* rHf)N0UNCINO HAND-BOOK. m DUTCH— Continued ceu = o Leeuwenlioek lo'-ven-hook ieu = ee-yu Nieuwport nee-yu-port oei = oo-ee Goeije lioo'-ee-yeli ooi = o ee Hooijer lio'-ee-yer y =1 Mytens mi'-tens tiy = oi in oil Muylwijk moir-vike (111 ^ eh-h Maestricht mahs'-trich-ht Limborcli leem'-borcli-li d-^ = t Vlieland vlee'-lant Gerard lia'-rart -^' = h Gouda liow'-dah Gerard ha-rart' A^ = gli-li Baelegem bali'-leli-gh-hem Hoog hOgh-h S ::= SS Goes hooss Wauvermans M^ow'-ver-manss sell = sk Bies-Boscli beess-bosk' Schrevelius skra-va'-lee-ees tli = t Nethen nS'-tane Both bote W^ = V Wijk vike Wyttenbach vl'-ten-bach-h w' is silent Woiiw vow Blaaiiw blabZ-ow 1. An aspirate guttural, most easily pronounced after a broad a/i. 2. When final. 3. When initial. 4. When not initial. This sound is a hard g slurred. 5. When not final. Accent in general on the first radical syllable. 24 THE I'OLYGLOT SWEDISH. a = a in ah Dalaroeh Akerblad dah-lah-ro'-eh ah'-ker-blahd a = a in ale Hallestrom Forshail helil'-es-trom for'-shale aa = a = aw in awe Haartman Haastesko hawrf-malm haws-tes'-ko ae = a in ale Maelar Linnaeus ma'-lahr lin-nil'-oos au = 6w e = e in cow in eh Brauner Paul Ranea Bremer br6w'-ner powl rah'-neli-ali breh'-mer ee == a ii = ee in ale in bee Hylteen Nikander Ihre yeel'-tane nee-kahn'-der ee'-reh eu = o = i in sir Heurlin Jedeur hor'-lin yeh'-dOr 0* = oo in book Olaus Olof oo-lah'-oos oo'-lof o = i in sir Faegloe Gronvall fa-gl5'-eh grSn'-vall 00 = o n = oo in book Gyllenkrook Grooth Upsala Humerus yeel'-en-kroke grOte oop-sah'-lah hoo'-meh-roos ii = u Hiilphers hiiF-fers uu = oo in boot Juusten voos'-ten in bee Gyllenborg yeel'-en-borh Bystrom bee'-strom 1. Ending syllable or before // in same syllable EiKlin^ syllabi^ I'KOXOUNCIXti HAND T.OOK. SWEDISH— Continued. bj = bee Bjorkman byork'-mahn Bjelke byeK-keh clr == eh in cliair Clienon clieh'-uon ch^ = k Christina kriss-tee'nah Echman ek'-mahn <P is silent Djurberg- yoor'-berh f « = V Gefle yev'-leh Giistaf goos'-tav fv^ Harfvefeldt liar'-veh felt Hofverberg hov'-ver-berh g*=h Djurberg yoor'-berh g' = y Gyllenborg yeel'-en borh gj = y Gjadda yehd'-bah gu = ngn Tegner teng'-ner o- = g in g-el Gustaf goos'-tav j = y Johan yo' hahn Jordanus yor'-dah-noos qv = kv Hernquist hern'-kvist sk9 = sh Eksjo ek'-sho sj, skj, stj, tj == sh Bjornstjerne byorn'-sher-neh th = t Frithiof frit'-yo\ 3. Initial except in chr. 4. Except as in 3. 5. Before j and t. G. Ending syllable. 7. In simple word fv -- v; in compound — vv, 8. Final after I or r. 9. Before e, i, y, (i, o. Accent in genei'ol on first syllable. 26 THE POLYGLOT HITIS^GARIAN. a = a in all Jf'isz-Bereny yahss'-bfi-ren's Deak da-ahk' aa = a in ah Kezd-Szaaz kezd'-sahz a = aw in awe Baja baw'-yaw Aba aw'-baw e = e in eh Debreczhi deh-bret' sin Sellye ser-yeh i-ee in bee Iloncza ee-lon'-tsaw Tisza tee'-saw ()=:a = i in sir Boszormeny bo-sor-mehn' Gorgey gor-ghl u = oo in boot Buda boo'-daw Kossutli kosh-shoof 11 = ee in bee Flizes fee'-zesh Giins gheensh y = ee' in bee Zagyva zaw-zhee'-vaw ai =: I in pine Baimocz bl'-mots jiy = oi Tokay to-koi ei = 1 in pine Lei-tha ir-tah Geib ghlbe eo = o --= i in sir Eotvos ot-vosh Beothy bo-tee eu = oi in oil Lenka loi'-kaw ew = o =: i in sir To-rok thewrewk ey=l in pine Leygen ll'ghen • ruoxot .\'(ix(; HAND BOOK. 2!i IIU^' GAltlAN— Continued. <f Gyorgy jorj Nyiregyhaza nee-rej-hah'-zaw g =: Zh^ Zagyva zaw-zliee'-vaw « = M' ill get Gorgey gor-ghl Geib gliibe j = y — ee Rajecz rah-ee-ets' Uj Var oo-ee-vawr' S^Sh Selmecz shel-mets' Satoraija sliah-t o-ra w 1 '-ya w (s=ch Csaba cliuw'-baw Racz r-ralits (.-/. = ts Teplicz tep-leets Czuszor tsoo-tsorr sz = ss Szegedin sseh-gheli-deen' Szeclienyj sseh-clielm'-yee Ill = t Theisz tice Majtlienyj mi-telm'-yee zs = zh Kovezsd ko'-vezhd Dozsa do'-zliaw h— Hi ill William L Mihrdy mee-har iiy = iii in minion Bat thy any balit-yahfi'5 No rule is given to take the place of the written accent in dis- tinguishing the two sounds of a and a. 1. Except as silent in 2. 2. Before ij or hi/, either final, or followed by a vowel, or by h and a vowel. 3. Before y forming a syllable. Tliis sound is that of z in leizure. 4. Except as in 2 and 3. 5. it. = id in minion. 23 IIIK POLYGLOT RUSSIAN. a = a in all Tarasska tall rahss' kah Derjavine der-zliah'-^veen il = e • ill eh AVjasemsky vee-eh-sem'-skee e = e in eh Turgenjew toor-gehn'-yef i = ee in bee Kniajnine knee-azli'5-neen Bilibine bee-lee-been u = oo in boot Puschkin poosh'-keen lurij ee-oo'-ree y = ee in bee Davydow dah-vee'dof Lyof lee'-off ai = I in pine Yasnaia yahss-nl'-ah Vagai vah ghl ay = I in pine Maykof ml-koff Kayva klvah ei = eli-ee Heinenn heh-ee-nen Seim seli-eem ej =: eh-ee Voronej vo-ro-neh'ee ej = ezli Nadejda nali'-dezh'*-dah ie — ee-eh Griboiedoff gree-bo-ee-eh'-dolT Dniepr d'nee-ehp'-r ij = ee Dmitrijeff d'mee'-tree-ef Jurij oe-oo'-ree oi := oy in boy Tolstoi tol'-stoy Polevoi po-leh-voy' ou = oo in boot Godounof go-doo'-noff Koutouzof koo-too'-zoff Bestouchef bes-too'-shef PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. RUSSIAN— Continued. Pouchkine Karamycli Clioczim Chmelnizkj Clioczim in get Jelagine Wjatka And re j poosli'-keen kali-rali-meetcli' cli-lio-tcheem' cli-hmel-ncets'-ky cli-lio-tclieeni' yeli-lah-ghecn' vee-alit'-kali alin-dreli-ee zli« ^V ts* Joukovsky Nijni Khomiakof Daschkow Tschernytschew Tatischtschcw Kiew Lermontow Lomonozow Krylow Karamzin Herzen Rjumanzow zlioo-kov'-ski neezh'^-nce cli-lio-meeali'-ltoff dahsh'-kofl tcher-nee-tcheP tali-teesli-tclief kee-ef^ ler'-mon-toff lom-o-no''-zoif kreeMoff liah-ralim-zeen' liert'-sen ree-oo-mahnt's-off 1. A ffiittural sound, an extremely rough h. 2. n\ i;, and / are used as respectively German, French, and English equivalents for tlie same Russian letter, but are interchanged without rule or consistency. 3. French and English. 4. German. 5. z.'i ^ s in leizure. 6. The French equivalent. 30 THE POLYGLOT POLISH. = ee GO y = ee 1.1 = i ay = : i ej = I ey = :I. ie = ee eh «,) = <':y OU = 00 in all in ell in bee in book in bee in pine in cow in pine in pine in pine in bov in boot Warszawa Lubawa Kamieniec Brzesc Kazimirz Swinlia Pultusk Bruc Kryytyn llryczyna Eiccjuajtis Beloszajtis Gaudowicz Kaniblau Wyzayny Gwiazay Biejkowski Bejnar Boreyko Bieykowski Mics/.I-Low Bojanek (Jinhvojn Prokourov var-sliali'-vali loo ball'- vail kalim-yen''-yct.s bzhests kali 'zee meerzli sveen'-kah iwol'-toosk broots kree-ee' teen hnv-tcliee'-nah I-tsec ni'-teess beli-lo shi'-tee.ss gow' (lo-veetcli kahm'-blow V('('-zI' nee ii:vee-ali-zl bee-I kof -skee bl'-nar bo-rl'-ko bee-I-kof'-skee mee esli'-kov bo-^'ali' nek ii'eerd'-voyn l)ro-koo'-iov PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 31 POLISH— Continued C - ts Makowiec mali-ko'-vee-ets Mococ mo'-tsots g = g in get Grzegorzew gzlieh-gor'-zhev Boygis boy'-glieess j = }' Jalpushkov yahl-poosh'-kov Kujawach koo-yali-vach-h AV = V Wawrzenczyci valiv-zhen-tcheet'-see Wladislawow vlah-dis-lali'-vov ell = ch h Socliarczew so-cli-har'-chev Borch borcli-li CZ =: tch Buczacz bootch'-ahtcli Bodziewicz bo-jee-eli-vitcli (Iz ^ j Dzialosziee jee-ali-lo-slieet'-scli Dziwidzinski jee vee-jeen'-skee rz = zh Brzesc bzliests' sz = sli Szymanowski .shee-mali-nof -skce Szeszuppc sheh-slioo'-peli szcz = sii-tcli Szczuzin shtchoo'-zeen Goszczyza gosh-tcheet'-zali Accent in general on penult. In difficult combinations of conso- nants insert obscui-e e;e. ;7.,inKrzczecki, k(e)rzh-tchets'kec; Gwozd/, g(e)vozh ,j(e): Wczele, (e)v-tcheh'leh. P lir 33 THE rOLYGLOT BOHEMIAN. u = ah c = c i = cc y = ee le = ie = ou ee ee-eli = 00 ill ah ill ch in bcc in boot in bee in bee in boot JVIazakova Czashiu Swetla Bilin IJidschow Chlumecz Swatopluk Mokry mah zhah-ko'-vah chass'-low svet'-hili bee-leen' beef-shov cli-hloo'-mets svato-plook mo'-kree Lischau lee'-show Auscha ow' shall Mies mees Wognomiestctz vog-no-mee-es-tels Kalousek kali loo-sek c = ts' c = ich ir — <V f^ — o .1 = y W = V Z = tfi^ z = zh eh = ch-h2 cz — ts rz = zh in get Cernowitz Studnicka Eger Jaromirz Jirasek Wlascliini Wscherau Zasmuk Zizelitz Mazakova Bozena Chocholoiisck Hainspuch Sezemecz Brzesnice Prziseliowitz tser'-no-veets stood-neetch' -kah eh'-gher j'ah'-ro-nieerts yee'-rah-sek Vlah'-sheem vsheh'-row tsahs'-niook tsee'-tseli-leets mah-zhali-ko vali bo sheh'-nali ch-ho-ch ho- loo-sek hine'-spoocli seh'-tseh-mets bzhes'-neet-seh ])zliee''-slio-veets Accent in general on first syllable. In difficult combinations of consonants insert obscure e; e. (/., mlceti, m(e)l-tcheli-tee; mrznouti, m(e)rzh-noo-tee. 1. No rule is given for distinguishing l>et\veen the two sounds of c and the two of z in tlic absence of the written accent. 2. cli-h = an extremelj- rough h. PKONOUNCINO IIAND-J}()()K. SERVIAN. a = a in ah Slatina slah-tee'-nah Parachlii pah-rah-clieen' c = e ill ell Jeplireiii yef'-relim Deligrad deh'-lee grahd i — ce in bee Brianie bree-ali'-nee eli Diunis dee-oo-nees u — oo Kurshumli koor-shoom-lee Ultschin oolt-sheen ai = I Maidanpek ini-dalin-pek OU-= 00 C'sookour tclioo-koor c = ts Cemojewilscli tser-no -yeli veetch Siljeg-ovae seel-yeh-go-valits g = i? ill get Jagodina yah-go-dee'-iia Margaret a mar- gah-reh'- tall cli = tell Cliupria tchoo'-pree-ali Paraeliiii pali-rali-cheen' es — leh C.soukour tclioo-koor Nikcolies nee-ko-leetch dj = d'ye Medvedj med-ved'ye Stojaii sto'-yaliu" .1 = y Kjuprija kyoo-pree'-yali 1.1 = i'ye Valjevo val yeh'-vo Radalj rah-dahl'ye \\f = h Njeresnitza nyeh-res-neef-sah Krupanj kroo-pahfi S = S.S Knes kness ■sell = sh Milasch mee-lasli Nisch iieesh dsch = j Kujundscliitsch koo-yooii-jeetch tseh = tell Obrenowitseh bren'-o-veetcli W = V Iwan ee' vahn Dobrowitz do'-bro-veets X = zli' Maxim mah-zlieem' Alexinats ah-leh'zhee-nahts Grammars give no rule for accent that can be of service liere. 1. z.'i = z in leizure. i. This sound is that of ni In minion. 34 THE POI>Y(}LOT eh au- = af ei = ue CO =r ell o eu' = ev evi- = ef ie.= ee-eh oi = ee MODERN GREEK. in all Patras pali-trahss' Anibrakia ahni-brairkcc ah ill ell Decelia theh-keh' lee-ah Spezzie hpel'-see a in bee Dirakhi tliee-racli-li-ee Thiaki tliee-ah-kee in awe Domokos thaw'-maw kos Marat bona mah-rah thaw- nab in bee Druva three'- vail Thiiria thee'-rec-ali in bee Katavryta kah-tah-Mcc'- tab Hydn/ hee'-thrah in ell Aegialeae ch-yee ah'-lch-ch Mycenae nice kcli'-nch in ell Gaidourokhoi-i geh-thoo-raw-di-liaw'-rce Xilogaidara xce-law-geh'-dali-rah Manro niav'-ro Aiiliotes av-lee-aw'-tehs Naupacto naf-pahk'-to in bee Zeitoun zcc'-tooii Cleitor klee'-tor Cleonae kleh'-aw-neh Neokhori iieh-aw-ch-haw'ice Euripus eV-ree-pccs Leiicadia lef kah'-dcc ali Kekliries kek'-ch-hrec cs in bee Lantzoy lahnt/-zce Oxoi aw'-xee 1MI()N()UNCIN(} HAND BOOK. 35 MODERN GREEK— Continued. I) = V Bathi vali'-thee c = k Ciienepolis ken-neh'-paw-lees (Ir^th in the Poljdendri paw-lee-then'-three :s'' =^ y in yes Gyaros yee ah'-raws -' — ;;■ in get Golemi gaw'-leh-mee J == y Genidji yeli'-nee-jee kh := Ch-h Katokhi kali-taw' ch-liee p^ = 1) Olympos aw-leem'-ba\vs s=y} Smyrna zmeer'-nali t=d« Lepaiito leli-palm'-diiw ls::..clri Tserina clieh ree'-nah Iz - (Iz = j'* ' Tzintzina jeen-jeen'-ah 1. Before b, d, ff, I, w, n, r. 2. Elsewhere. 3. Before e, i, y, 4. After m. 5. Before b, d, g, m, n, r. 6. After ii. Stress of voice in Modern Greek follows written accents, which are not reproduced with Roman characters, in connection with which, however, their place cannot well be supplied by Miittt'U rules. 36 TIIK rOT.YCI.OT TURKEY IN EUROPE. a = a in ah Zaru zali-rali' Kara Ilissar kali'-rali-his-sar' e = c in ell Abdera ab dell 'rah Yenija ycn'-ee jali i=:ec in bee Cliiti kee'-tee Sitia see tee'- ah Osnuuidjik OS-malm jeek' i = i in pin .Alusjid inus-jid' U = GO in boot Modurli mo-door'-lee Unua oon'-iiah Scutari scoo-tah-ree' U = U in but Musjid musjid'' ii = u Aliintach ah-liin-tach-h y = i in pin Jassy yahs'-sl ai = I Jaicza jl'-tsah Zai zl au =6w Arnautkoi ar-nauf-koi ay =: I Kavaya kali- vl 'yah Bayazid bl-yah-zeed' ei =:a Sumaisat soo ma-saht' Hossein hos-sane' ey=l Seyyid sl-yeed' ie = ee-eh Bielopol bee-eh-lo'-pol OU =00 Isoglou ee-so-gloo' ui — wee Tanuirath tahn-wee-raht" I'RONOUNCINf} IIAKD-BOOK. TURKEY IX EUROPE— Continued. oil = tell eh = ch-li ch = k es = ti^li ez — ts g = g J ^ }' kh = eh-li th^th th =t X = z zz = ts dseli — j \\\ get Chardak Bucharest Chiti Bihaes Jaicza Bussovaez Osmandjik Girna Sabanjah Jannina Bazarkhan Xanthi Tanuirath Xanthi Gomanizza tehar-dak' boo-ch-hah-rest' kee''-tee bee-hahteh' jl'-tsali boos-so-vahts' os-man-jeek' geer'-nah sah-bahn'-jah yahn'-nee-nah bah-zar-ch-hahn' zahn'-thee tahn-wee-raht' zahn'-thee go-mah-neet 'sah Dschurdsehova joor-jo'-vah The names on this page are not chosen as Turkish, but to serve in some measure as tyi^es of forms prevaihng in Turlcey, and as supplementary- to the hsts given as Roumanian, Servian, and Modern Greek. The same lett*>r will repres(^nt dilTerent sounds as a name is uttered by Greek, Turk, or Slav, and it is not within the p etensions of this book to bring order out of ihe confusion of tongues under Turkish dominion. 88 THE POLYGLOT TURKEY IN ASIA. a = a ill all Kara Agluulj kah-rah'-ah-gahj Kalafat kah-lah-fahi' (; = in ell Jebel el Sheik . jeh-behl-ehl-sliilke Kerely keh-reh'-lee i = ce in bee Kerkit Chiftlik ker-keet'-cheeft-leek Vezir Kopri veh-zeer'-kO-pree' 11 r= <)() in boot Batum bah-toom' Siniib see-noob' y = Of in bee Jebel Tyh jeh-bel-tec' Fyndik feen-deek' ae = ee in bee Esdreelon ez-dree'-lon ai -= I in pine Kaisariyeli ki-zah-ree-eh' Ismail Bey ees-mlle-ba au = ow in cow Hauran liow-rahn' AYinaiir Avee nour' ay = I in pine Kay a Jlissar kl-yah-hees-sar'' ei = a in ale Deir dare Sumeisat soo-ma-saht" ey rrr a in ale Beyrout baroot' ic = (■('-;>]! Dievisluk dee-ehveez-look' ou = or) in boot Vourla voor'-lah ch = tell Clioruk tcho-rook' Cliandailik tchahn-dar-leek' 1.' = M' in get Gind Abbas gheend-ahb bahss' Gelra ga'-rah J = J Injesu een-jeh-soo' Guzelje goo-zel'-jeh This page, like the last aims merely to give a few types of the forms prevailing within the Turkish dominions. PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK . 89 ROUMANIAN. a = a in ah Bassarabia bahs-sah-rah'- bee-ah (' = e in ell \Valeni v:ih-leh'-nee i = ee in bee Kinipina keein'-pee nail 11 = oo in bool Buchuresci boo -koo-res'- chee y = 1 in pin Jassy zhahs'-see a, (', o, 11 — u in but Turnu loor' null e iiiit. = ye Epliraxia ych-phraxee'-ah (' ^ di-ah Passere pahs-seh-reh' ah o = o-ali D<3mna doahm'-nah ail = ou Bacau ball-cow ea = e!i-ali Nazarettean nah-zah-rit'- teh-ahn CO = eli-o Buzeo boo zeh'-uh ()(' = o-eh Ploesti plo-es'-tee ou = oo Cahoul kah-ch-hool' c = tell Sacieni sahtchee-eh'-nee c = k Bucar boo-kar g = g in English Giuruevo jee-oor-jeh'-vo h = ch-h' Ilorezu ch-ho-rc'h'- ali-zoo j = Zll2 Crajova krah-zho'-vah s = sh Foksani fok-shah'-nee 1 A harsh guttural sound. 2. z.'i = ^ in leizure. All flnal vowel- sounds slurred and obscure. No rule for accent can be given here. No rule to distinguish sounds of c or of s in absence of written accent. The acute accent over a vowel in Roumanian denotes a somewhat drawling pronunciation. 40 THE POLYGLOT ARABIA. a = a in ah Akabali ah'-kahbah Ras el-Had rahss-el-hahd' (' = e ill ell Kotenibel ko-tehm behl' Beder beh'dehr i = ee in bee Anizeli ah-nee'-zeh Perim peh-reem' U = ()() in boot Abd-ul-Kuri ahbd-oolkoo' ree SukelJumakli sook-el-joo macli-l/ y =: ce in bee Tafyle tah-fee'leh ae = a * ill all Graen grahn Taez tahz ai =i in pine Khaibar ch-hl-bar' Ain Ine an = ow in coAv Hadrahmaut hah-drah-mowf Khan Ian ell-how- lahn' ay= I in pine Tayef tlyef Has oni Haye rahss-om-hl'-ych el = a in ale Grein i^rain jVIazeira mall -za'- rah ey = H in ale El-Moeyleh ei-md-a'-leh ie = ee-eli Meymounie ma-moo'-nee-eh oil =: ()() in boot Sedouan seh-doo-alin' » = » in u'ct Giadila ghee-ah dec' lah j = .i Xejran nej-rahn' kill ^ ch-h Akhab aeh-li-ahb'' 1. This souud is a harsh Kattural. No rule for accent. PKONOUNCINO HAND -HOOK. PEPSIA, AFGHANISTAN, AND BELOOCHISTAN. u = u ill ah Kandahar kahn-dah-har' Ilaniadan hah-raah-dahn' Saadi sah'-ah-dee (' = c ill eh Teheran tah-heh-rahn' Deregez deh-reh-geh// Enweri en'-weh-ree i = ce ill bee Iran ee-rahn' Biishir boo-sheer' Nizaini nee-zah'-mee u — oo ill boot Balfurush bahl-foo roosh' Kabul kah-bool' Firdusi feer-doo'see w = u in but Tukhti tuchh-tee' Sudup sud-up' lie = ali-oh Daeny dah-eh-nee ;ii =1 ill pine Kalaichi kah-ll'.tchee Nain nine an = aw in awe Jowaur jo-wawr' ay = I in pine Khayyam ch-hl-yalini' ei = a in ale Mei-omid mS-o-meed' ey =ra in ale Neybundan na boon-dahn' oil = 00 in boot Choubar tchoo bar' Souch-Bulak sootch'-boo'- lahk eh = Icli Beloocliistan beh-loo-tehees-tahii' Cacliar kah-tchar' ^-> — o in get Jagepur jah-gheh-poor' Geuk Tepe ga'-ook-teh'-peh ull = <r in get Ghizni gheez-nee' Ghilan ghee-lahn' j = .i Jajarcote jail jar-kote' Jajerm jail jerm" kh = (di-h' Khorassan eh-ho-rahs sahn' Bakhtigan bach-h-tee-gahn' 1. This sound is a hair.h p:uttural. Grammars furnish no guide in respect to accent. 42 TIIK POLYGLOT INDIA. a = a in all AH ihabad ah-lah-hah-balu? Hajalmialial rah-jali- mail- lial' c = e in ell Dera deh'-rah e --= e in bee Pegu pee-goo' i = 1 in pin Pinyaree pin-yar'-ree JJhindiir bin-door' u = oo' in boot Pegu pee-goo' Punali i)oo' rial! n = u in bun J'lnijab pun'-jawb Kuppenvunje kup-per-\v I'lii j' y = I in pine Gykwar glilke'-war Zyghnr zl-gur y = ee in bee Bliowany bo-wali' nee ae = ah-eh Rae rah' eh ai = 1 Isinailbad is-mlle-bahd Laighpur llgh-poor' Jaitpur jlte-poor' ao = ali-o Khyrgaon kire gah-cii' au := aAv in awe Ghauts gavvts Awrungabad aw-rung-gah-baliJ' ay = I Ohayenpoor tchl-en-poor' Sandoway sahn do-wi' ea = eh-ah Beas beh'-ahss ei'' = a in ale Oojein oo-jane' Bassein bahssane' ei = ee in bee Neilgherry neel-glier' ry ey = a Deypaulpoor da-pawl-poor' ey = I Jeypoor ji- poor' ie = ee in bee Dhaniie dah-mee' oa = o-ah Noanagur no-ah nah-gTr' Noapooia no-ah-poo'-rah ou = 00 in boot Oiidh ood ui = wee Guicowar gwee-co-Avar' ui = ee Mergui iner-ghee' ye = I Mhye m'lil Kassye-Gopang kahs'-sl-go-pahng' The spelling of Indian names here given is of course, in the main, English, yet is not without inconsistencies. 1. When it ends a syllable? 2. In name.s of Mahomedan origin? niOXOUNCIXO IIAXDIiOOK. 43 INDIA— Continued. l)li = b Bhawlpoor hawl-poor' Bhavani-Kud< il l);ih-vah'-nee-koo-dalil'' eh' = tch Trichinopoly 1 ritch-in-op'-o-lee Cheychun teha-tchoon' eh = sh Pondicheny l)on-dI-sher'-ree s- = g in get Gilghit ghil-ghit' Gujerat goo-zheh-raht' u'ui — li'w i Guicowar gwik-o-war' liui = ghee Mergui iiier-ghee' J = .1 Jaypoor jl-poor' J = zli Gujerat goo-zheh-rahf kii = ch-h'^ Khanhaila eli-hahn-lil' lah Khair eh-hire (111 = kw Quilon kwee-lon'' Somnautli som-nawt' th =t ThuiT turr Tattha taht'-tah AVarungul wah-run-giir w -- w Wadwan wahd-wahn' x and z as in English 1. The sounds. of ch and of ,/ are believed to be more commonlj^ those first given. 2. A guttural, au extremely rough h. 44 TIFK POLYGLOT CHINA. si = a in ah Pa pah Shara shah'-rah' e = R in ale Le la e = e Ke-lung ke'-lung' e=:e Cheng-te cheng'-ta' i = 00 Li lee i = T Chin-yuen chTn'-yoo-en'' 11 = GO Fu foo 11 = u Chung chung y = ee Tsun-y tsim'-ee' Y-Chou ee'-choo' ae = I Ting-hae ting'-hl' Tong-lae tong'-ll' ai = I Hoai hoM' Ai-chow I'-chow' ao = all -o Macao mah-cah'-o Liao lee'-ah'-o an = a] -oo Matau mah'-tah'-oo Pitau pee'-tah'-oo ay = I Hiayntong hee-Ine'-tong' Caynen cah'-yoo en' oi = fi Hoei ho'-a' Pei-ho pa'-ho' iu = ee- ah Ho-kian ho'-kee-ahn' Che-kiang cheh'-kee-ahng ie = ee- eh Kien-Liing kee-enMung' I-kien ee'-kee-en' PRONOUNCINO HAND-BOOK CHINA — Continued . ill = vx'-oo Clia-kivi eliali'-kee-oo'' Liu-ehou lee-oo'-ehoo' oa = o-ali Kai-hoa klMio-ah' oe = o-a Wei-hoe wa'-ho-a' ou = oo Fou-Chou foo'-c^lioo' Ilou-pe lioo'-pa' iia = oo-ah Ilua Tsiang hwali'-tsee-ang' ue = oo-eh Se-elmen stl'-elioo-en'' Yuen-Telieou yoo-en'-ehoo' ui = oo-ce Lui-ehow loo-ee'-chow' iao = ee-ali-o Seng-miao-se seng'-mee-ah'-o-sa' iuc = ee-oo-a Siuen-liwa see oo-an'-hwah' uei = oo-a Kuei-Chou koo-a'-ehoo' ouei — oo-il Sung-pan-ouef sung-pan'-oo fi' eouoei r= il -oo-o-a TaolcheovuK-i lowl'-choo'-wii' ell = tell Chi-eliing tehee'-tcliing .sz = ss Szechuen ssa'-choo-en' « THE POLYGLOT JAP.AJX. a = a iu ah Nagasaki Uraga nail jrali-sjib'-kt\ oo-rah'-gali *• = c in th Yedegawa Desima yeh-deh-gah'-wa 1 1 deli'-see-mah i = ce iu 1X1- Tokio Itsi to^kee'o eet'-see u = «io iu boot Fukurokudo Shikoku foo-koo-ro-koo'-^ shee-ko-koo' y = ee in bee Gokynay go-kee^nl' at' = I in pine Matsumae malit-soo-ml' ai — i A>shunkaitlo Poronai ah-slnK)n-kI'-do lx)ro-ni' ay = 1 S:iykaydo Xankaydo sikl'-do nahn-kl'-do v\i = ehoo Teuriogawa tei^'-iw^^'-wik i u = e<MK> Kiushin Riukiu kee-oo'-diee-oo' ree-oo'-kee 00' <»u =00 in boot Inouye ee-noo'-yeh cli = tch Kawaguclii Choshiu kah-wab^w'-Ukw tcho-shee-00' J = y Joritomo Kijomori yo-ree-to-mo kee-yo-mo-ree , x = z Ximo zee'-mo PROXOrXCIXO HAXD-BOOK. 47 XORTHERX ASIA. i. in lib Auabara ah-nah-bah-rah' Abalak ah bah-lahk' in eh Selenghinsk seh-lehu gheen^k' Keta keh'-tah ^ rv in Ijee Sir-i-Kol seer-ee-kol' Sibir see-beer' - cc iu bee Ts\-pa tsee'-pah Kolyma ko-lee'-mah •'.) in IhhA Suriiiit soor-goot' Ulungiir oo-loon-goor' -I in pine Baikal bi'-kal Tarbagatai tar bah-gah-t;ii' = 1 in ]>iue Abatskaya ah-bahts kl'-yah Sliayuk shi-yook' = U in ale Alei ah-la' Yene!«isk yeh-nee seh'- eesk = a in ale Zeya za'-yah = (X) iu boot Ouratejx; t>o-rah-teh'-peh = well Kuenlun k wen '-loon' = oo-ee Yiliui vee-li>e-oo'-ee Jelaiiui yeh-lah-goo'-ee = oo-ee Aniuj ah-nee-oo'-ee = oo-ee 3Iuya moo-ee-ah = tch Kamchatka kahm-tchat' kah = y-ee Jelagui yeli-lah-go<>'-ee Wjatka vee-aht'-kah = ch-li Kiahkta kee-ach-h'-tah = k<>o Elaqui eh-lah-k(X)'-ee 1 A guttural, CM ( xtivinely rou^h h. 48 THE POLYCII.OT U = U y =ee AFRICA. in all Amhura ahm-liali'-rali Namaqiui nali-mali'-quali in ch Medeali meli-deli'-ali Meroe meli'-ro-eli in bee Eirbe beer'-beli Kebir Iveli-beer' in book Abu ali'-boo Siut see-oof in but Mayuniba niali-yum'-bah in bee Akliniyni ach-h-meem' Kasulkhyle ralis'-ooUcli-liee'-leb Myos Hormos ml'-os hor'-mos ai = l an = ow in cow ay = l ea = ell-all ei = a in ale ey = a in ale ey = I ie = ee-eli Cairo Ain Ougila El-Haura Fayouni Fanaye Enarea Narea Kosseir Slieik Zeyla Seychelles Graaf Reynet Gliindieh Ralimanieli kl'-ro ine ow-jee'-lah el-how'-rali fl-oom' fali-nl'-yeli eli-nali'-reh-ali nali'-reli-ali kos-sare' shake zfi'-lah sfi-sliell'' gralif rl'-net glieen'' dee-eli rali-nia!in' ee-eh ntONOU.NCIXG HAND-BOOK. 49 AFRICA— Continued. oe = ec oe = o-eli oc = GO oe = o oi = ec oil = 00 ch = tell ell — sli j = zh Ih = I'yc qu = k X = sh z = ts in bee in bee in cow in get Moeris mee'-ris Meroe meh'-ro-eh Bloenihof bloom'-hof Arroe ar-ro Oibo ee'-bo Aboukir ali-boo-keer' Quad oo-alid' Oudtslioorn owts'-horn Bechuana bet-choo-ah'-nali Cherchell sher-sliell' Girgeli jeer'-jeh Gizeh ghee'-zeli Jebel jeb'-el Ajan ah'-zhahn Ilheo eel-yell '-0 Querimba keli reemMtah Magodoxa niali-gali-do' shall Tacazze tah-kaht'-seh The various powers of tlie same letters on this page may perhaps lie made somewhat less perplexing by considering that they follow to a great extent the analogy of the several languages spoken by European colonists in Africa, and prevail especially, each in the region occupied by the corresponding race. The Dutch sound of ae, oe, ?, t, oo, or of ou, namely ikv, will occur chiefly among the Bt)ers of South Africa; ch and J will be apt to have their English value in Egypt and at the Caixi, their French and Portuguese elsewhere. oO THE POLYGLOT SOUTH AMEEICA. a = a in ah Alcantara Aymara Alegrette ahl-cahn-tah'-rah I-mah-rah' e = e in eh ah-leh-gret'-teh Cerea seh-reh'-ah l = ee in bee Chiriqui Quito chee-ree-kee' kee'-to U = 00 in boot Cuzco Piino koos'-ko poo'-no y = ee in bee Yaracuy Apihahy ee-ah-rah-coo-ee' ah-pee ali'-ee c' = c in cell Concepcion con-sep-see-on' 9=c in cell Conceicao con-se i-ee-sah'oh ch = tch Chagres Chiriqui tchah'-gres tchee-ree-kee' g2 = zh Sergipe sair-zhee'-peh g3z=h Cartagena car-tah-heh'-nah gu' = g in get Portuguesa por-too-gheh'-sah gu< = gw Guajira Bahia >war.hee''-rah h is silent jah ee'-ah Apihahy ah-pee-ah'-ee f = li Jujuy hoo-hoo-ee' i« r= Zh Ih = I'ye Joazeiras zho-ah-seh'-ee-rahss Velha vehr-yah ll=:rye Truxillo troo-heel'-yo nh = n'ye Maranhao Cunha mah-rahn-yah'-o koon'-yah qu = k Barquesimeta Arequipa bar-keii-see-meh'-tah ah-reh kee'-pah x« = sh Abacaxis ah-bah-cah- sheesh ' x'=h Xabary hah-bah-ree' z = s Azul Zozoranga fih-soor so-so-rahn'-gah 1. Before e and t. 2. In Brazil Ijefore e and i. 3. Elsewhere before e and i. 4. Before « and o. 5. In Spanish colonies. 6. In Brazil. As will be inferred from the jjreceding notes, different values of the same letter or letters in South American names, are in general severally confined to countries settled by Spaniards and by Portu- guese respectively. PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 51 SOUTH AMERICA— Continued.. all-ell Minas Geraes Aimaraez I Valparaiso ah-o Sao Paulo Callao in cow Piauhi Maule Buenos Ayres Uruguay Aldea I'reas Almeida Gualateiri Euzebio Neuguen Guarmey Yapeyu Diego Cienega Agoaquente Chiloe Oeiras Welgeinoed Outeiro Ouya Hiiawra - Guaduas Buen Ayr Llanquiiiue Uirubu Buines Yaracily Apatuya mee' naliss-2heli-rah''-eg I-mali-rah'-es valil-pali-rl'-so sali-o-poW-lo cahl-lali'-o pee-ow'-cc moW-leli boo-eh'-noce I'-res oo-roo-gwl' ahl-deli'-ali breh'-aliss }ilil mel/ eedali gvvar-lah-teh'-eeree eli-oo-seli'-bee o neli-oo-ghen' gwar-meli'-ee ee-ali peli'-ee-oo deeeh'-go see-eh-neh'-gali ali-go-ali-ken"- teli chee-lo-eli' o eli-ee'-raliss vel geliniood oo teh'-ee-ro oo'-yah oo-^-w'-rali goo ah'doo-aliss boo-ehn'-Irc' lahn-kee' oo-eli oo-ee-roo'-boo boo-ee'-nes eeali rali koo-ee' all-pall-loo ee'-ali In Dutch Guiana. 52 THE rOLYGLOT MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA. a = a in ah Tlahs-cah-lah Canada tlahs-cah' lah cahn-yah'-dali e = e in eh Tepeje Velen teh-pehMieh veli-lelm" i = ee in bee Cliiquilmita Sinoquipa tehee keewee'-tah see-no-kee'-pah u ~ oo in boot Churubusco Catuno tchoo-roo boos'-ko cah-tooii'-yo y = ee in bee Cuyuaco coo-ee-oo-ah' co ai = I Fraile El Maiz frlMeh el mize ail = ow in cow Tamaulipas San August iiK tall mow- lee'-p::liss ' sal 111 6w-goos teen'' ay = I Guaymas gwl'-mahss ea = ell-all Tepeaca teh-pehah'-eali ei= a Teipan ta-paliii' eo = ali-o Teotihuacaii tell o-tee- hwih-caliii'' eu = eli-oo Teul tell oor ey = a Tepeyaliuak'o teh-pa-a!i -walil'-cd io = ee-eli San Diego sahn-(lee-eli''-ii'o oa = o-ah Oajaca o-ali-liali'-eali on = 00 ill boot Gnadaloupc gwah dali-l(»o'-|ieli ua = Mtxh Teliuaiitopoc leh-walin-teli-pcc' uc = well Huehuetoca weh-weh-to'-cali ui = wee Coahuila co-ah-wee'-Iah PRONOUXCINd HAND lU)f)K. 58 MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA— Continued. (• as in Eng :iis]i (Jerrocahui scr-ro-cali-wee' cc = k-s Iztaccihuatl cez-lak-see-wahtr ch — tch Michoacan mee-clio ah-cahn' .i? = h Gigedo hec-beh'-do li is silcDt IIia(iiii ce-ah'-kee j-li Jalapa liah-lali'-pah 11 = I've Fresuilla fres neer-yah n = ni in million Pinos peen'-yoce (111 = k Qiicretaro keh-reli-tah'-ro X=rll Xochitepcc lio-tcliee-teh pec/ X = X Ixcaqiiiktla (^ex-cali-keex''-tlali z = s' Zacatecas sali-cah-teh '-caliss 1, When initial:' THE POLYGLOT UNITED STATES. Abiquiu Abilene Aboite Abrego Absecom Acequia Achor Acquia Ac 11 sh net Adobe Ai Alachua Alafia Alameda Alamo Alapalia Alaqua Albuquerque Aleknagek Alfonte Aline Allamakee Alleguasli Al moral Alquina Amatiguak Amissville Amite Apache Apotacon Armuchee Aswabanou Attoyac Audrain Au Gres Avayelles Ballyclough Bangall Bernice Bevier ah-bee-kee-oo' ah'-bMeue ah-boit ahb '-re-go ab-se'-kom ah-sa'-kee-ah a'-kor ah-kee'-ah ah-kwish'-net ah-do'-beh I ah-latch'-u-ah ah-lah-fee'-ah ah-lah-ma'-dali ah'-lah-mo ah-lap'-a-haw ah-la'-quaw ahl-boo-kalr'-keh ahl-ek-nah-gek' ahl-font'' ali-leen' ah-lah-mah-kee' ahr-leh-gash ahl-mo-rar ahl-kee'-uah ah-niah-tee-guak' a' miss-vil am-eet" ah-pah'-tcheh ah-po'-tali-kon ar-muk'-ee a-swob'-a-nou at-to-yak' aw'-drSne o-graze' ah-vi'-el bal-ly-kloh' ban-galF ber-'nlce be-veer' ROXOUXCING HAND-BOOK. UNITED STATES— Continued. Bexar Bijou Bodcau Bodega Boercheuville Boerne Bouliomme Boscaweu Botetourt Bougliton Broughton Bryn Mawr Butte Calcasieu Caneadea Caughdenoy Chagreen Chamois Chautauque Chebanse Chebeagae Chemung Chetopa Chiques Chino Chireno Chisago Chocohiy Chocorua Choestoe Chotean Chowan Cimarron Claverack Cloulierville Cocolamu.s Coeymans Colita Comanche Conecah Conejos Coos Cowan Cowanesque Cowekee Coweta ba-har' bee-zhoo' bod'-k6w bo-da'-ga ber'-chen-vil berne bon-hom' bos'-kwoin bo'-teh-tort bow'-ton bro'-ton brin-mar' bute cal' ca-shu ca-ne-a'-de-a kok-e-nay' shagreen sham'-me sha-taw'-que she-banss' she-beeg' she-mung' she-to'-pa chik'-kiz shee'-no shee-ra'-no chee-saw'-go cho-co'-lay cho-co-ru'-a cho'-sto cho'-teen cho-wan' see-mar-ron' claw'-ve-rak kloo'-ti-er-vil ko-ko-law'-mus kwee'-mans ko-lee'-ta ko-man'-slieh ko-nee'-kah ko-na'-hoce ko-os' kow'-an kow-an-es'-que kow-e-kee' kow-e'-ta 56 THE POLYGLOT UNITED STATES— Continued. Cuyahoga Decorah Devereux Duelm Dunleith Easley Farquliar Gila Graneros Gratiot Guionsville Haidee Hauppauge Hochheim Houcktown Huerfano Inistiog Iscliua Kinnickkinnick' Kittanning Kouts Leigh Lenape Lenawee Leuden Lonoke Loughborough Mac Cune Mac Cleod Manicouagan Manidowish Manitowoc Manteo Mauteno Maringouin Massapeag Mesquite Metomen Metuchen Moe Mokelumne Monocacy Monteith Mt. Guyot Moweaqua Muscogee kl-a-ho'-ga de-ko'-rah dev-er-o' dwelm dun-leeth ees'-ly far'-kar hee' la grah-na'-roce grah'-she-^t ghl'-ons-vil hi 'dee hop'-pog hok'-hinie howk'-town hwer-fah'-no In-is-ti-og" ish'-u-a kit-tan '-ning kowt.s lee len-alip' leu'-a-wee li'-den lo-noke' luf'-bci-ro mac-kun' mac-loud'' man-ni-kwah'-gahn nian-ni-do-wish' man-ni-to-woc' man-te'-o man-te'-no mah-ranh-gwanh'' mas-sa-peg' mes'-keet nieh-to'-men me-tutch'-en mo mo-kel' um-ne mo-nok'-a-cy mon'-teeth ghee-o mow'-a-qua mus-co-ghee' PRONOUNClNf} HANDBOOK. UNITED STATES— Continued. Musconetcoiiij Missequogue Noxapata ]*sueces Oclilochnee Oconomowok Okeechobcti Olcan Oleqiia Onekama Oquirrh Ouleout Pa j arc Papevert Paotone Pequea Perquimans Pioche Plaquemine Pohono Presque Isle Puuta Arenas Queneno Que whiffle Quinaiutt Kamapo Kickreal Rio Grande liio Yirgen Kosbach liothsvillle Rousseau Rowan Rutherford Saco Saguache Saliua Salkehatchie San Augustine San Diego Sangre de Christo San Joaquin San Jose San Juan Saint August in Saucelito inus-co-net'-cong niis-se-quog' nox-ah-pah'-tah nwa'-ces ok-lok'-nee o-ko-nom'-o-wok o-kee-cho'-bee o-Ie-an' o-le'-qua o-nek'-a-ma o-quer owl'-e-owt pah-hah'-ro pahp-vair' pah '-o -tone pek-wa' per-quira'-ans l)ee-o'-cheh plak'-nieen' po-ho'-no presk'-eel' l)oon'-tah-ah-ra'-ualis Keh-nee'-no kwee-whiti' kwee'-nl-ut rah-mah-po' rick-re-all' ree'-o-grahn'-deh ree'-o veer-hane'' i-oss'-bach-h rots'-vil roo-so' rowan' ruth'-er-ford saw-ko sah'-watch' sah-lee'-nah saw 1-ke-hat ch-ee sahn-ow-goos-teen' sahn-dee-a'-go sahn'-gra-deh-krees'-to sahn-wah-keen' sahn ho-sa' sidin hoo-ahn' st-aw-gus'-tin saw-sel-ee'-to 58 THE POLYGLOT UNITED STATES— Continued. Schley Sc hoodie Scliroeppel Schroon Schuyler Schuylkill Scituate Searcy Seattle Sebewa Sequin Sequin Sehome Seiad Sevier Sewanee Seymour Shawangunk Shawano Shayuen Shiawassee Shoshone Shubuta Shumagine Sineaths Siugac Sioux Siskiyu Skohomish Snachwine Soledad Solgohachea Somonauk Soquel Spokane Spiiyten Duyvel Stadakana Stanislaus Stecoah Struthers Suamiko Suisun Suwanee Talmadge Tanaga Tangipahoa shli skoo'-die skroo'-pel skroon skl'-ler skoor-kil sit'-u-ate ser'-sce see-at'-tle sel)'-e-wah se-gwdn' sa-gheen' se-liome sa'-ahd se-veer' seh-wah'-neo seem'-er shong'-gum shah-wah'-no sha-yu-en' shi-a-was'-see sho-sho'-nee shu-bu'-tah shu-mah-gheen' sl-neaths' sTn'-jak soo sis-kee-yoo sko-ho'-mish snahk-wijie so-le-dad' sol-go-hatch'-ee so-mo-nawk' so-keF spo'-kahn spl'-ten-di'-vel stah-dah-kah'-nah stahn-is-16w' stek'-wah struth'-ers swom'-i-ko soo-ee-soou' swaw'-nee tel'-mij tah-naii'-gah tahn-gi-pah-ho'' niONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 59 UXlTEl) STATES— Contiimt'd. taw-i^an'-nok Tehama te-hali'-ma Teheran te-he'-ran Tekairia te-kah'-ma Terre Coupe tair'-koo-pa' Tliiiy Daeij.s tir-ee-damz Tidioute tid-i-oot' Tioughuioga tee-o-nee-a\v' pih Tomaha to-mah-ha w ' Tooele too-el'-e Tortuga tor-too'-gali Towaliga to-wol '-i-gali Treichler trik'-ler Tualatin twol'-a-tin Tunkhannock tunk-havv'-nok Twolunnie twor-um-ne Tygh tl Tymochtee ti-mok'-tee Uhlersville u-lers-vil Uintah ii-in'-lah Unaka u'-nah-kah Unitia u-nish'-e-ah Upatpi u'-pa-toi Uiland oor'-land Volatie voK-a-she Yallejo val-ya'-ho ^ Vinita vee'-nee-tah Walialak waw-hah'-lak Wahkiakum wah-kee-ah'-kum Wakatomica wah-kah-tom'-i-kah Waueka wali-ne'-kah Wapakoneta wah-pah-ko-net'-ali Wapsinonoe wahp-siti'-o-nok Wapsipinikon wahp-si-pin'-i-kon Waraju wah-rah-ju' Wapwallopen wahp-wal-lo'-pen Waseca wah-se'-kah Wasepi was'-e-pee Wasioja was-ee-o'-jah Wataga wah-tah'-gah Watauga wah-taw'-gah Watchemoket wat-che mo'-ket Wathena \valh-e'-na Watonwan wah'-t on-wan Watopa wah-to'-pah Waubesa waw-be'-sa THE POLYGLOT UNITED STATES— Continued. Waucoma Waucousta Wau-hillau Waukecheen Waukesha Wau-paka Waupecong Waupon.see Waupoun Wauregan Wauseou Wausemon Waushara Wautoma Wawaka Wayzata Wea Weare Wedowee Weegee Weir Wekiva Weyanoke Weyauwega Wey bridge Weymouth Wiandotte Wickacanee Wicomico Willamette Winamak Wingett Winibigoshish Winipiseogee Winterroud Wyoming Yakima Yavapai Yosemite Youghioghenj^ wau-ko'-mah waw-koos'-tah waw-liil-law' waw'-ke-sheen waw'-ke-sha waw-pah'-kah waw'-pe-kong waw-pon-see' waw-pun' waw-re'-gahn waw'-se-oo waw'-se-mon waw-shah'-ra waw-to'-ma wah-wah'-ka wl-zah'-ta we'-a ware we-dow'-ee wee-gee' weer we-kl'-va wl'-a-noke wl'-aw-we'-ga wa'-bridge wa'-mfitii wl' an-dot' wik-kah-kah-nee' wee-kom'-ee-ko wil-lahm'-et win'-a-mahk win'-jet win-i-bi-go'-shish win-ni-pJ-saw'-kee win'-ter-rodc wl-cV-ming yak'-ee-ma yahv'-a-pl yo-sem'-ee-te yo-ho-ga'-uy PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 61 BRITISH AMERICA. Abatagousli Abatagomaw Ashwauii)i Asimagoiiiy Ayton Betsiamites Bersimis JJobcaygeon Chignegti (yhertsey Chcbogomon Chicoulimi Clachan Clachnalmrry Coaticook C/ontrecoeur Cawatchaii Crapaud Daillebut Diilwicli Gananoqne Gaultois Golthaab llochelaga Isle ail Cari'ot Isle au Chat Isle ail Haut Isle au Heron Isle au Raisin Isle au Sepulchre Isle au Chiens Isle aux Coudres Isle aux Griics Isle aux Noix Isle aux Reaiix Isle aux Tctes Isle Bizard Isle Dupas Isle la Peche Kenogami Killeaii ah-bah-tali-goosh'' ah-bah-tah-go'-inaw ash-wah-nip''-pee as-i-mah-go'-nie I'-ton bet-see-ah-meet" bair-see-niee' bob-ka'-jun sheeg-iieg'-te ches-sy she-bo'-go-nioo shee-koo-tee-me'' clah'-ch-hahn clach'-h-na-har'-ry co-ah'-tee-cook kontr'-kor cow-e-chan'' (•rah-jx")' dji'-yc'-boo'' dul'-lich gan-an-ok' g()l(!'-tWOh' got-hahb ho-ke-lah'-ga eel'-o-ear-ro' eel'-o-sliah eer-o-hd' eer-o-ha-ronh'' eer-o-ra-zanh' eel-o-sa-piilkr' eel-o-shee-anh' eel-o-koodr' ccl-o-grii' cc'l-o-invah' cel-o-ro' cel-o-tail/ eel-bee-zarr' eel-du-pali' eel-lah-paish' ke-nog'-a-niee kil-le-ahn' 63 THE POLYGLOT BRITISH AMERICA— Continued. Leith Loughborough MacLeod Manitowic Maurice Metabetchouan Metaghan Methye Michel Nassagaweya Nerepis Penetanguechine Pie de Deguire Quirpon Restigouche Rochs Sa.ouenay Saint Aiiiie Saint Alexandre Saint Andre Saint Anices Saint Anselni Saint Antoine Saint Antoine de Tilly Saint Antonin Saint Arsene Saint Athanase Saint Aubert Saint Augiistin Saint Basil Saint Bona venture Saint Croix Saint C3Tille Saint Cyrille de la I'ucalierc Saint Baunie Saint Brigide Saint Foy Saint Gervais Saint Jean d'Angcly Saskatchewan Semisopochnoi Stikine Temiscaniingue Tsounonthouan Washademook Why coco 'mall leeth lO'-bo-ro mac-loud' man i-t6wMk mo'-reess' met-a-bet-choo-ahn met-a-gh-han' meh-thl' mee'-shel' nahs-sah-gah-wa'-yah neh'-reh-pee pen-eh-tahn'-geh-sheen pee'-deh-deh-gheer' keer'-ponh'' restigoosh rosh sag'-e-na sanh'-ta-ma' sanh' ahl-eks-ouh-dr sanh' onh'-dra' sfmli' ah'-neess Sfinh' onh'-selm'' sanh' onli'-twawn' sanh' onh'-twawn'-deh'-tee'-yee' sanh'' onh-to-nanh silnh' ar-sane' H'duh' ah-tah-uahs' sanh' o-bair sanh' o-glis-tfinh' sfinh' bah-zeel' sjuih' bo-na-vonh-ture' sanh' krwaw' sanh' see-reel' sanh' see-reel'-deh-lah-po-c;ili-t:e-air' sanh' home sclnh' bree-zheed' sanh' f waw sanh' zhair-va' silnh' zhanh-donh-zhe-lee' sas-katcli'-e-wan seh-ince-soix )ch-h-n()i stce-kecn' leh inis-cah-ming' ts(A)-non-tho()-ahn' wash-a-de-moke' PRONOUNCING HAJfD-BOOK. ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND. Abbeyfeale Abbeyleix Abergavenny Abergele Abersychan Accom Achill Adovalton Achonry Aghrim Ailsa Air Alcester , Aide Aldenley Edge Alderwasley Almond Alnioudbury Alne Alnwick Alsager Althorp Altrincliam Altringliam Alvanley Alwoodley Gate Amotherby Aoon Argyle Arlecdon Armagh Arundel Asliburnham Ashton-under-Lyne Askeaton ab-be-fale' ab-be-lace' ah'-ber-glien-ny ah'-ber-ghee'-leh ali'-ber-suck'-an yac'-cam acli-li'-ill ath'-er-ton acli-li'-on-ry awgh-h-reem' ale'-sa air uws'-ter aid audMy-edge' al'-lers-ly ali'-mond am'-bry horn an'-nik aii-ger all 'thorp thrutchm antrinjam altringam ants jam all'-tring-ham avvvanly anley gate em'-mer-by orn ar'-ghlle arl'-ton ar-mahgh' arndle esh' brum aeshin as-ka'-ton 64 THE POLYGLOT ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued. Athboy' Athelbampstoue atli '-el-tun Athy ah-thi' Auchinleek af-tiek Aiiclitermuchty och-li-ter-mucli-li-ty Augliton i-tun Auldearn owl-dairn Avrton Gifford autun jiffud Aylesbuie alez-ber-ry Ayr air Ayscough as-key Ay ton yatton Babingley beverley Balguy borgy BahTio'ral Balquhitter bal-kit-ter Banff bant" Barfiostone barsn Barugh bark Beaconsfield bek-onz-feld Beauclianip beeclini Beaudiief beeclnf Beaulieu bewly I'eekbrook beg-brook Bedel biddel Beeston beesn Beith beetli Bellinghani bellinjam Bel voir beevor Berk, ley barkly Berwiek berrik Bicester bister Bethune beatun Bligh bli Blythc bli Bollingtou bollitn liootli Town boors-town Bovcy Tracey buvvy Brampton Brian brawn Brassington brassn lireaslon breesn BrigUthelniston bryton Bridlington burlington Biislington busten PKONOU^CIXG II.\ND-L5(H)K. 60 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued. Bronipton brumpton Brough bruf Brougham broom Brougliton brukton Broune broon Buccleuch buk-klu Bucklow Hill bukly hil Bullingham bullinim Burgh bruf B3iaugh bee-lo Cadogan caddugun Calne cone Calva cova Carlisle carell Carshalton casehalton Carsington carsn Caverham ca-num Cawston carsun Chaddesden chadsn Chatham chattum Charteris charters Cheadle Hulme cheddle eume Chelmsford chemzford Chertsey chessy Chidcock chid-dik Chiswick chiz-zik Cholraondelsy chumly Cholmondeston chumston Cirencester ciziter serenster Claverly clarely Cleckheaton klek-e-ton Cley klee Clough cluff Clowyd cloo-id Clytha kluth-a Cockburn co'-burn Cogshall cockshal Coke cook Colclougli cokeley Coin kon Colquhoun co-hoon' Colteshall colesl Colwick collik 66 THE POLYGLOT ENGLAND. SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued . Colwick college Colzean colzSne' Compton cumton Congleston congerton Cosliani coo-liam Costessy cossy Coutts coots Cowper cooper Coxwold cookwood Craigneish crilig'-nish Craigiietlian crai.ii-netb' ai) Creagli Crediton cra-gh-li kirtuni Cre Fydd Cronifoid grittilh crumford Cumnock cum-lok Dalburg dolberry Dalziel deell Dartmoor dartymor Davenham dane-um Daventiy dauntry danetry Derby darby Derrygheiglian derry-lul'-han Derwent darrant Donnington dunuington Dove dove Duls Coppice doo-cups Durham dorm Eardswick yarsick Easkey ase-ky Easley ees-ly Eig eeg Eisdale ees-dale Etruria trury Eyam eem Fangfoss fankess Fe;iilierstoneli;iugl 1 leatherstun Foljambc i'uUjni Fox le Henning foxnailin Frodsliam fradsum Frome frunie Gifford jimul Glamis glamz PRONOUNCTNd HAND-BOOK. ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued Glaston glasn Glencoin lenkerrin Glyndyfwydwy glindowdwy Gough goff Gould gold Grappenliall gropuall Gueriu geering Guiselcy ghizly Hague haig Haigh haig llallalion } Hollon f horn Halton hawton Happisburgli liazeboro Hard wick hardik llarewood harwood llautbois hobbies liaworden hardn liordn Hawes hose Hawick hoick Heathcotc heth-cut Heigham hayum Heiiies harris Hertford liarford Hobart hubbert Holborn hoborn Hohues Chapel hoomz chapel Horningsea hornsy Hotham huthin Hough hufiE Huglienden hitchendon Hull Senna ho sena Huunianby hunnenby Hunstanton hunston Idridgehay ithersy Ilfracombe il'-fracoom Hkeston ilson Ingonish in-go-nish' Innishgeil Innishgheel' Innishkea innishka' Innishtogue innishtog' Jedburgh ; ethart Kedlestou ^celsn 08 THE P0LY(;L()T ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued. Keighley keethly Keir keer Kelsall kelsa Kelswick kelsik Kenilworth killing-worth Kerr karr Kersley karsly Kidderminster kiddy Killaloe killaloo' Killyleigh killyla' Kilsyth kilslthe' Kincardne kincar'din Kinross kiu-ross' Kircudnriglit kirkoobry Kirkleavington kilton Kirriemuir kirrimure Knollys noles Laslett lacy Launceston lausn Leamington lemington Legard ledjud Leicester lester Leigh lee Lei trim leetrim Leith leeth Leominster lemster Levison-Gower lewson-gore Linlithgow linlith'-go Linthvvaite Unfit Litchurch leechurch Loch Aciiray loch-h-ach-hra'' Loch na Sealg loch-h-nah sail^ Lostwithiel lostwith'-el Lougborough luf'-bo-ro Lough Neacli loch-h-na' Loughrea loch-h-ra' Ludgvan lid'-gen Macclesfield maxfield maxfilt max It Mackay mackie ma-ka' Macleod maccloud Mahon malioun rnoxouNciXG HAM) p.ooK. 09 ENGLAND, S( OTLANl), AND IRELAND— Continued. Main waring Mailing Maljjas Mancester Mar jori banks Marylebone Marlboro Marston Maryleboue Meigle Menzies Meredydd Methv^en Moneidic Mohoiin Monteilli Nuneaton Oakhampton Odiham Oldham Oiler ton Oversley Ouehter Ouglitrington Palk Pampisford Penicuik Penrith Peover Pevensey Pleasley Plemondstall Pole Ponsonby Pontefract Powell Powlett Pulestou Quarn Quarndon Kachlin Raleigh Ramelton niannernig marling mawpus mansetter march banks marry bone morlbro marsn marrowbone meegi mingis merdith meffln mon-e-dee moon monteeth' yeaton ockington odium owdam owlerton oozly ochter ootrington park pancher ' pen-e-klik perith peerith peeve r pinsey plezly plemstall pool punsnby pom fret po-ell porlet pilston quorn quorn rachlin raw-ly ramelton 70 THE POLYGLOT ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continiic(L Rasay rah'-sa Raihangan rathan'-gau Ratlikeale rathkail' Ravenstone rarnston Rievaulx rivis Rocester roaster Rolleston roleston Roscrea roscra' Rosewain rosnan Rostherne rostern Rothes roth'-es Rothesay roth'-e-sa Rouse ruse Routen rooten Row rah roora Rowsley rosely Rutherglen ruth Ruthven riven Saint Clair Sinclair Saint Ives sent eves Saint John senjin sellinger Saint Leger Saint Mam- seemer Saint Neots senneets' Salliouse sail us Salisbury sawlzberry Salle sorl Sandiacre senjyker Sandwith sanith Sawbridgeworth sawcer Scafell scaufel Sciennes sheens Scone scoon Scropton scrapn Scuir of Eigg skure ov ceg Seil seel Shepton shepon Shrewsbury shrose-bry Shurlach surlash Sidmouth sidmuth Skaldersken skoderska Skeyton skytn Slaithwaite si a wet Sligo sllgo niONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 71 ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND— Continued. Slough Sneyd Southwark Soutliwell Sowerby Spondon Sproston Stockport Stoneliewer Stourbridge Stourport Strachan Stratliaven Swarkaston Teatlies Teignmouth Tiiurleston Tliwaite lliynne Timoleague Tinehely Tintagel Torquay Towcester Trevelyan Turnditcli Twickenhajn Uist Uttoxeter Uyea Vaulx Walsingham Warwick Wavertree Weald Wear Weaverham Wednesburg Wemys Weobly Wey Whitehaven Whittingham slou sneed sutherk suthell soresby spoondon spros'n stoppart stannier stoor stoorport strorn strathown swarsn teaz tinmuth thurlsn twait tin timolaig - tin-hee-ly tin-tadgel tor-kee toster trevethlan tunditch twittenliam wist tuxeter uxeter oo-ya vorx walsicum warrik wartree weeld weer wearum wenzbry weems woobly whittan whittinjam THE l^OLYGLOT ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND I RELAND— Coulinued. Whoulsicke Wildboarclou.oii Williampstend Wilraslow Wirkswortli Wistastou Witham Withington Wiveiton Wolseley Wolstanston Wolverhampton Womb well Woodfardiswortby Wooddale Woolwich Worfield Wroth am Wybemburg Yardley Yeovil Youghal hole-syke wilbercluf wilstead wimslow wirsydy wistesson wittn withiton wirton woolzy ushitn wolverton wombel oolsery wood I e woolich wurvel rootiim wimbry ardly yovil yoh-hil yowl PRONOUNCING HAND-IJOOK. OCEANIC A. Adelie ah-deli-k'c' Ahii I-yee' Aijorbangis I-yer-bang'-gliecs Aijoe I'.yow Ailu I-loo' Aitnki I-tah'-kee Ampunam alim-poo'-nahm Anjer alin'-yer Atauai ali-tow-1' Basseiii balis-sane' B(;nculeii bcn-koo'-len Bezoeki beli-zoo'-kee Ceicer de ^Mer sa-sair'-deli-m:iir' Ceiram sa rownh' Chantobon shahn-to-bun' Chidiia chee'-chec-a Cockburn co'-buni C'oepang- coo'-pang Coelivy co-et-ee'-vee Cuivre kweevr' Culebra coo-la'- bra Daauw dow Ealieinomawe a ah-hl-uo-mow'-eh Einieo I-ma'-o Goentoe goon-too' Guguan goo-gwahn' Hapaii hap-pl'-ec Hawaii liali-wl'-ee Hivaoa ee-vah-o'-a Hoellalioe hoo'-lah-lee-oo' Huahina hoo-ali-hee'-nah Jackinot zhali-kee no' Kaihoolawe kl-lioo-lali'-we Kaipara kl-pah'-rah Katbalogau kaht-bahl-o-galm' Kauai kow-I' Kediri keh-dee'-ree Kerguc'leu kerg'-e-len Kilauea kee-16w-a'-ah Leyta Lifu la'-tah lee-foo' 74 TItE POLYGLOT OCEANIC A— Cont iiiuod . Loelioe loo-hoo' Loesa loo'-sah Macquarie mak-kwor'-ree Maitea ml-ta'-ah Manawatu mah-nah-wah'-too Maui mow'-ee jMauna Kea mow'-nah-lifi'-ah iAIaupiti mow-pee'-tee Mawrua mow-roo' ah JVIerapi mil rah'-pee Mindanao min-dah-nah'-o Molokai mo-lo-kl' Niliau nee-hoW Oalilooak oah-too-ahli.' Oalm o-ah'-hoo Otago o-tah'-go Olalia o'-tah-hah Otou o-too' 'Ouleai oo-la-I' Ovolau o-vo-15w' Pakuratahi pah-koo-rah-tah'-liee Palembang pah-lem-bang' Papeiti pali-pa-ee'-tee Patany pah-tah'-nee Patj tan 3aht-yee-talin' Quinhon ieen-lion' Quiniluban kee needoo-balin' liadack rah-dahk' Raiatea rl-ah-ta'-ah Ridick rah-lik Ranai rah-nl' Raraka rah-rah'-kali Ruapehii roo-ah-pa-hoo Rua Waliine roo'-ah-wah-hce'-nch Samar sah-mar' Samarang sah-mah rahng' Savaii sah-vl'ee Seinni sane-nee' Serayoe seh-rlyoo' Soembawa soom-bow'-wali Soerabayoe soo-rah-bi'-yoo Sungao Tahiti soon-gah'-o tail hee'-tee Tahwata tah-wah'-tah Tairabu tl-rah-boo' Taponamoa tah-po-nah-inl'-ali PRONOUNCING HAND-BOOK. 75 OCEANICA— Continued. Tapeantana Taupo Tavai Poenamoo Tern ate Tewywys Tyringin Tinian Tjanjor Tjidani Tjilatjap Tjimanok Tjitaroem Tongariro Tontoli Toobonai Tubal Tubuai Manu Tutuilla Yahuga Ualan Ulie Upolu Vavao Viti Levu Vuna Waiheki Waiho Waikato Waikua Waipa Wairarapa Waiwairoa Wajo Wakatane Wauganui Wangari Wajigerou Wangaruru Waurekauri Yewndoun tali-pa-alin-tali' uaii tow-po tah-vl-poo-nali-moo' ter-nalif teh-wee'-wees tee-reen-gheen' tee-nee-ahn' tyalin-yor' tyee-dah'-nee tyee-laht-yahp' tyee-mali-nok" tyee-tah-iooni' ton-gall ree'-ro ton-to'-lee too-bo-nl^ too-bl' too-boo-I'-mah-noo' too too-eeriali oo-ali-hoo'-gah oo-ah-lahn'' oo'-lee oo-po-loo' vah-vah'-o vee'-tee la'-voo voo'-nah wl-ha'-kee wl-lio' wl-kali'-to wi-koo'-ah wl-pah' wl-rah-rah'-pah wl-wl-ro'-ah wah'-yo wah-kali-tah'-neh walin-gah-noo'-ee wall-gall '-ree wahn-gali-roo' wahn-gali - roo '-roo waw-reh-kow-ree' yoon-doon THE POLYGLOT WELSH. a — ii ill ah Cadwaladr cahd-ooahl-ahdr Aber all-be r i = ee in bee Tthel ee-thel 11 ir lieer -u-^ = T in pin Rliuddlan rhith'-lan Gutty n ghit'-ton -u — ee in bee Cwmdu koom'-dee Teulu toi-lee W = ()<) in boot Bottwnog bot-too'-nog Cwm koom -y- = b = \x in fur Myrddin mor-thin jVlynwy mon'-oo-ee -y = ee in bee Llaety hll'-tee Eiry I'-ree ae =1 in pine Cattraeth cahf-rlthe Maen mine ai = I in pine Braic-Y-Pwll brike-ee-poold Mechain meh'-cli-lilne' an — oi in coin Dauddwr doi-thoor Dj^vynaul d5-vo-noil JIW = ow in cow Madawc mali-dowc Mawr m6wr ei = I in pine Llanddeiniolen hllan-thi-nee o'-Iph Einion I'-nee on eu = oi in coin Llanbeulan lillan-boi'-laii Aneurin ali-noi'-rin iw = u in tune Lyglyw lOgMu PIIONOCNCING HAND-IJOOK. WELSH— Continued. yw = u in tune Llywelyn hlu-el'-lon Hywel hu'-el in coin Coed-Y-Cuni;ir koid-ee-kili'-mar Kyvoesi ko-voi'-see r^t: = f til = hl-l = tll in tlie HI "ret in thud Caer Cwm Abererch Gwladgarwcli Eisteddfod Gwenddwr Llunfair Mathafarn Dyffryn Gryffydd Gwgan Gyveurydd Llanveithin Llywarcli Mathafarn-Eitliaf kire kooni ah-ber-erch-li' goo-lalid- gar-ooch-h' ice-teth-fod goo-en'-thoor lillan-vire nuili-thah-varn dof'-fron gro'-foth goo'-gan go voi'-roth lillan-vl'-thin lu'-arch-li mah-thah'-varn-I'-thav 1, cJi. is an aspirate guttural best pronounced after a l>road ah. 2. -f/-is the same guttural vocalized. 8. /Hs ^ prolonged and aspirate, so that while the tongue still touches the roof of the mouth, the breath passes forcibly on each side. 4. A hyphen after a letUir, before it. or both l)efore and after it, indicate its position as initial, final, or in the middle of a word. JliGtic {\0 id SberiQ OR, EIGHT MONTHS WITH THE ARCTIC WHALEMEN. By Herbert L. Aldrich, Who made the cruise with the fleet of 1S87. With thirty-four half tone process illustrations, from photographs taken by the author; anc a correct map of the Arctic Whaling- Grounds. "Appeals to a v.ide circle of readers, and will enchain the attention o; the school-boy as well as the scholar.' — Chicago Tribune. 12mo; 234 Pages, with Handsome Coyer Design in Gold and Black. PRICE, $1.50. CRUISIBGS IB THE CASCADES A NARRATIVE OF TRAVEL, EXPLORATION, AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY, HUNTING, AND FISHING. By G. O. SHIELDS ("Coquina"). Avt/w)' of " Rustlings in the Rockies.,"' '"'' Hunting in the Wild West,^' ''Tin Buttle of the Big Hole,'" etc. " It is by all odds the most fascinating 1;( ok on big game linnting (>v(! published."— T'/^c Journalist. "The author's style of writing would make even a dull subject enjoy able. * * * There are enchanting sketches of i-cenery, pleasing storiei? of mountain climbing, of hunting and fishing; excellent estimates and delin- eations of Indian character, drawn from personal contact; a fine descriptioii of salmon and their habits, and such accounts of bear, elk, deer, and goat hunting as to make the blood of the hunter tingle in every xein.'"— Public Opinion. 12mo; 300 pages, ^ profusely illustrated; ,wi,<^li l.andsdiitc gold side and back stamp. >^ ° \ ■ r' )• ^ "' Prices: C'luith, $£.66; «KJilf hTorocco, $3.00. Sent postpajd',^ to ar^y a?ldrf ss', o)i'i"'t'ceipt <-'l- i)ric( , by RAND^ McNALLY i& CO., Publishers, 148 to 154 Monroe St., CHICAGO. 323 Broadway, NEW YORK. r A NEW PRACTICAL SERIES OF AMERICAN ART MANUALS I BY CHAS. G. LELAND, A. M., F. R. L. S. AUTHOR OF "Industrial Art in Education," "Practical Education," etc. Drawin g ^ Designing IN A SERIES OF LESSONS. SIMPLE, PRACTICAL, CONCISE, AND COMPREHENSIVE. Plexible Oloth, Eed, Gold, and Blue, - 65 Cents. Mr Leland's succcbs as an instructor in this line of culture is famil- ar to Americans, as he was the iirst to introduce Industrial Art, as a >ranch of education, in the schools of this country; and it was he who )opularizcd and simplified the home decorative arts. 'I'he minor decorative arts have, durin.gf recent years, assumed p^reat mportance. not < nly as a means of livelihood to many, but as avoca- ions for leisure hours to many more. The books of this series treat II a simple and practical manner of the various decorative arts, inclu- ive of the better known industries, such as wood carving, leather- rork, metal work, modeling, etc., and many beautifwl arts which have leen lost or forgotten. Naturally, the first step to be made toward learning any art is to naster the principles of d- sign; therefore, the present volume is, in a nanner, introductory to the entire series. Without a knowledge of Irawing it is impossible to attain satisfactory results with any orna tiental art. The publishers offer this little volume as the simplest and most tractical key to a working knowledge of any of the minor arts and ndustries. Sent postpaid, to any address, on receipt of price, by RAND, McNALLY & CO., Publishers, 148 to 154 Monroe St., CHICAGO. 323 Broadway, NEW YORK. By Alphonse Daudet THE IMMORTAL; or, ONE OF THE FORTY {U Imnwriel) TRANSLA TED BY A. IV.and M ARGARET de G. VERRALL Il.],lSTKAT!ONS KY E. BaTAKD Paper (Rialto Series), 50 cents; cloth, $1.00 KINGS IN EXILE {Les IkOu en Exil) TRANSLA TED BY VIRGINIA CHAMPLIN Illustkated Paper (Rialto Series), 50 cents; cloth, $r.oo THE PARTNERS ; or, FROMONT, JR., & RISLER, SR. (Fronioid, Jeune, et Risler, Aine) Paper (Globe Library), 25 cents NOMA ROUMESTAN TRANSLATED BY VIRGINIA CHAMPLIN Illustrations by E. Bayard Paper (Rialto Series), 50 cents; cloth, $1.00 8 9 0.1 r