'':lilt;" ^ ^^^^. V ^ V^ '''^^^^1 1R^ 1,'* -rjlr *5<^ Hyi ^^w^^^^^^T' ^K. ^ ^^yBMBB^BwI^MI^^k .:i^fei;.i;i(!!.S.s^gs^35a m lA THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES U60 90200 85 U. S ^^ This book is DUE on the last date stamped below SOUTHERN BRANCH, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LIBRARY, LOS ANGELES. CALIF. Jf Basire ad vh^m d^L .f~ .f- yK TZ::k it. JI^ 0WY]R; ]R . Vwn^-rs^ n^^r, ^'h /7,V-/. V/^./ V-; '^ " ''^ Ji,Mu-/iaf In ./.l/M/-/.- .( ,0w. Jim' i'' i/h:: . LITERARY ANECDOTES OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY; COMPRIZING 38tosrapi)ical 0ltmoixQ OF WILLIAM BOWYER, Printer, F.S.A. AND MANY OF HIS LEARNED FRIENDS} AN INCIDENTAL VIEW OF THE PROGRESS AND ADVANCEMENT OF LITERATURE IN THIS KINGDOM DURING THE LAST CENTURY; AND BIOGRAPHICAL ANECDOTES OF A CONSIDERABLE NUMBER OF EMINENT WRITERS and INGENIOUS ARTISTS; WITH A VERY COPIOUS INDEX. By JOHN NICHOLS, F.S.A. IN S^^ yftUUMES, -t i :i -I ' ; 1 VOLUME IL LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, J.Y NtCIIOI.S, SON', AND RKNTLF.Y, AT CICKKo'S HEAD, KKU-Ll(^N-PA3bA(.E, tXEET-STKK UT. 1812. ( iii ) N 5*^ v^-^ CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOI.UME, Annals of Mr. Bowj'er's Press, from 1732 to 1765, ... p. 1--461 Essays and Illustrations. No. I. Memoirs of Mr. John Bagford 462 II, Mr. George Ballard 466 JII. Rev. Thomas Carte, M. A 471 ' Rev. Samuel Carte, M. A ibid. Samuel Carte, Esq. the Solicitor 481 Rev. John Carte, LL. B ibid. IV. Rev. John Jackson, M. A. .^)19 V. Rev. Zachary Grey, LL. D 532 VI. Charles Compton, Esq 549 VII. Rev. John Jortin, D. D 550 Samuel Johnson, LL. D ibid. VIII. Martin Folkes, Esq 57S IX. Rev. Michael Lort, D. D 594 X. Nathanael Hooke, Esq 606 XI. Rev. Richard Farmer, D. D 618 XII. George Steevens, Esq 650 XIII, Isaac Reed, Esq 664 XIV. Additions to Dr. I^nt 673 XV. Memoirs of the Rev. Robert Maikham, D.D 682 XVI. LclttTs of Rev. William Cole to Dr.Ducarel, &c. 685696 XVII. Rc\ . Dr. Young and Rev. Mr. Jones of Welvvyn. . , . 697 XVIII. Additions und Corrections 699 724 ( 1 ) LITERARY ANECDOTES EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. vJNE of the earliest publications from Mr. Bow- yer's press in the year I732 was, " Marrnorum, Arundellianorum, SeldenianoruiTi, aliorumque, Acaclemis, he introduced the elegance and arts of Greece and llonie into this aitgle of the world ; superior to ambition, with abilities and re- venues equal to its largest views. Clarendon, without intending him so much honour, has drawn in his character the picture of au independent English nobleman. William Petty, aftenvards knighted, whom the Earl sent into Asia in quest of antient mo- numents, bought these of a Turk, who took them from the agent of the famous Peircsk, who had paid fifty pieces of gold for them, and was aftCi wards thrown into prison, anil cheated of them. Petty lost (n^.a ship-load of his collections, and narrovvlv saved himself. After the Earl retired to Italy, lf)4I, many of these curious monuments, which lay at Arundel house in the .^trand, were stoU n, or cut up by masons and worked into houses. Above 130, which was scarce half, surviving this calamity. Hem y l^foward, earl niavshal. grandson to the noble collector, when he pulled down Arur.del house, made a present of them to this Uni- versity, at the instigation of John Evelyn, esq. of Baliol. They were ranged in the wall surrounding the couit of the Theatre, marked with the initial letter of the donor's name, and a pillar erected with an inscription under his arms. Upon .SekUn'-: death, 1654, hi.-; executors added his collection of antiijuities. ^ir George V\'heeler gave those he had collected, chieHy at Athens ; and the University bought several other marbles of merchants who brought them over. Those ])arts of the Earl of Arundel's Collection which were not sent to Oxford were ])reserved at Tart hall, or StaHord house, near St. James's-park gate, by Buck- ingliani house, where some of the statues were buried in the court-yard during Oatcb's plot. (8ee an account of their disper- sion in Ml". Theobald's letter to Lord VVilloughbv, inserted in " Historical Aneciioies of the Howard family, by Charles How- ard, 17<>y. ' l^mo.) Many very fine statues, ^e. were removed to the bottom ()f the garden of Arundel house, and placed under a colonnade ; in pulling ilown which, by tln^ carelessness of the workmen employed to build the new streets thereabouts, many jeceivednmch dam;ige. Sir William Ferinor, however, purcluised the best of them. Those that were too much injiued to deser-ve a place at Oxford or Easton-.Nestor, near Tovvcester, Northampton- shire, the seat of theEarl of Pomfret, when the site of Aruiidel house wiis converted into a street, were begged by one Jjoyden Cuper, who had been servant in the family, and removed them to Cuper's aardcns, where they were nmch abused. Here Aubrey lost sight of them J but when Di". Rawlinson published his History of Surrey^ 1732-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3 folio; which was begun in 1728, and contains Surrey, he inserted, vol. V. p. 283, eight plates of beautiful frag- ments of statues ahd bas-reliefs (all which were copied in the " History of Lambeth, 1786)." Mr. Waller of Beaconsfield, and Mr. Freeman of Fawely, gave Cujxjr 75 1- for them 1717* and divided them between them. Dr. Stukeley says, the antique statues at Thorp, near Peterborough, came out of the Arundel Collection. (Itin. Cur. I. 79.) The statue of a Roman senator, which in its mangled state shewed a fine drapeiy, and Avas lately in the gar- den at Somerset-house, is believed to have come out of this Col- lection. The rest having been I'emoved by the Duke of Norfolk to a piece of ground on the opposite side of the river, were, upon that gi'ound being converted to a timber-yard and \vhaif, buried under the rubbish brought to i-aise it from the foundation of St. Paul's. Mr. Theobald's father, who held the yard 171'2, digging foundations, turned up many fragments, which his sou gave to Lord Burlington. A bas-relief stands under an obelisk at Chiswick. The late Lord Petre digging there afterwards found six trunks, some colossal statues, witli fine drapery, which are now at Worksop. Mr. Theobald cut some blocks of grey marble, which had probably contained inscriptions, into slabs for his house, the Belvidere, at Lambeth j and made a piece of a column a roller for his country-house at Waltham, Berks. A colossus of Apollo, whose hea.d is at Oxford, is said to lie under the liouses in .\rundel-street (Stukeley, Itin. 1. 30) ; and I think I have some- where read that an entire small obelisk is covered by the houses of one side "of that street. Mr. Aislabie, who inhabited one of the new-built houses here, found a broken statue in his cellar, which he carried down to his seat at Studley Park in Yorkshire. The Society of Antiquaries have Dr. Milles's drawing of a sarcophagus, of white marble, belonging to Mr. Rogers, apothecaiy, of Howard-street, 1742. Theobald says this sarcophagus was in the cellar of Mr. James Adamson, who lived in the cornei-house on the left hand going into the lower part of Norfolk-street, IJoT- The Earl endeavoured to procure the obelisk since erected in the Piazza Navona, and would have removed several other statues had not the Pope opposed it. (?2velyn's Numismata, p. 05. ) CUucndon says he paid for them, but was not allowed to fetch them nway. (I. 50".) The remaining cr.riosities lodged at Tart hall, afterwards Stafford hoasc, were sold by auction about the year 1750; and theie Dr. Mead bought his fine head of Homer, purchased at his sale for 13C/. by Brownlow Earl of Exeter (uncle of the late Marquis), who reposited it in the British xMuseum. /. s. d. Pictures/ sold for 812 7 O Prints lOH 17 4 Draughts . . 299 4 7 Japaji G9H 1 1 O (tilt, &c. plate '1(J2 1 11; Crystal vases 30"4 3 O u 2 Agate 4 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l732. 175 slieets. This beautiful volume (of which only 300 copies were printed on a crown paper, and Agate cups 1()3 Ifi O Jewels, aiicl otlier curiosities . . . 24<>7 7 10 Medals 50 10 6' Odd plate 170 7 Cabinets and ehina 1256 19 O Houshold funiiiure 11 99 3 Odd lots 738 13 2 8852 114 Soiety of Antiquaries Minnfes. Mr, Walpole (Anecxl. III. 83), says Mr. West had the printed Catalogue (which was mi.seiably diawn up) with tlie prices, and that the sale produced G53o/. The rich collection of medals was gathered by Daniel Nisum (Eve~ Ij'n, Nun:iinjata, p. 245) . The cameos and intaglios \\ ere by Mary Duchess of Norfolk bequeathed to her second husband Sir John Ger- mayne, whose witlow liaxing offered them to the British Museinn for 10,000/. gave them to the present Duke of Mailborough. The CVipid and Psyclie engra^ed by Bartoloz/i, is in the first edition of Biyant's Antient Mythology, vol. I. 7"he same gem Avas al^o engraved by Shenvin for the second edition of that w ork. Mr. Adam Martin shewed the Society of Antiquaries, 1752, two hundred wax impressions of gems and seals by the Earl of Arimdel. Sir Andrew Fountain took an exact U.^t and description of them all. (Society of Antiquaricii Minutes ) In Lord Onslow's grotto^ at West Clandon, Surrey, is an Arundcliau marble re])resenting a tall p*>rson holding a scroll, and taking a shoiler man by the hand, before a pillar sur- mounted by an image ; behirul the tall figure a horse's head, and two boys below. Inscription, O APIMOS AIONri:iON AIONYSIOT TOT MHTPOAfiPOT : su})posed by Mr. Spence to be some jockey of Argos in Pelojionnesus, admitted by agenius or officer to the freedom of the city. Mr. Webb gave the Society of Antiquaries a bad drawing of it l)y John Russel, 1758. This marble was engraved with Mr. Spence's account of it in tlie Gentleman's Magazine, April 1772, p. 17t. C'ompare Prid. Ixvii. Mait. cxlii. Mar. Ox. cxlvi. Two reliefs in the latter (cxxxv. and cxxxviii.) ha^e the horse's head, which is a funeral emblem, and the in- scription is frequent there when the parties were buiied or hon- oured with an epitaph at the public expence. Com]:)are also a funeral moninnent in Count Caylus, tom. VI. pi. Ixiii. 1. ^I'hc statues belonging to the Pomfret Collection being part of tlie inheritance of tlie eldest branch of the family, since dukes of Norfolk, fell into the hands of the Duchess who was divorced 1699, and being by her sold to the last Earl of Pomfiei's father, were some time preserved at his seat in Northiuuptonshire ; but in 1755 given by the late Countess Do\\ager of Pomfn^t to this University. These, with the anlient inscriptions collected by Sir George Wheeler, and Messrs. Dawkins, Bouveiie, and Wo(jd, during their travels, some of which Dr. Kawlinson bought out of Loid 1732.] TlIE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 5 six copies on a large writing medium*) waspublislied by subscription -f-. The history of this elegant volume is thus given in a contemporary Review; and was probably written by our learned Printer : " The Marmora Arundelliana were first published by the great Selden in l6*28 :|;. In the year iG^G, Lord Oxford's or Kemp's Collection, and vtuious frag'ments of our own ;inti(}\uties, have been all united tOii:ethci', and engraved by Millar, at the University's e.xpente, in " Manriora Oxoniensia. Ox. 1763." fol. a work the desitjn of which will imnwrtalize the Universily, the nation, and the age. Tlie inscriptions are trans- cribed w ith great exactness, revised by Mr. Richard Chandler of Magdalen college, ^vho prefixed an historical pieface, and a short account of each with critical notes ; and a co])ious index by Mr. Loveday, gentleman coinmoner of Magdalen." Cough's Anecdotes of British Topography, vol. II. pp. 127 131. * In a letter printed in vol. l.'p. \\)\, Mr. Maittaire tells Lord Oxford that " he repents of having printed so many copies as 300, when 200 might have sufficed." f It aj)pears by an advertisement, that 150 sheets were wrought off in August 1/29 ; and that, though the work contained at least half as many more sheets as were at fiist proposed, the price to subscribers (which was two guineas and a half) was not in- creased. To others, it was raised to three guineas. \ " My copy of Selden has, ' Typis et Impcn>is Guilichni Stanesbeii, MDCXXVHI.' Others have, ' Apud Joanncm Bil- lium, 1629." In this Work Mr. Selden was assisted by 11. James and Patrick Young, at the desire of Sir R( some fault--, be- r'de.- noi g^^i^.ir tlje truf: idea of the length (jf the gaps, or the Uu>. i-csitica of the letters on tlie stone ia more than one single iinc^ 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 7 from p. 222 to 295. 5. jNIarsham's Commentaries on the fifty-eight first Epochas of the same Marble, from p. 295 to 309. 6. Prideaux's perpetual Com- mentary on the Marbles, from p. 3 0.9 to ')0i). 7. Some Notes of Keinesius upon the Marbles, from p. 509 to 524. 8. Sponius's Notes on some of the Marbles, from p. 524 to 527. 9. ChishuU's Notes on the third Marble, from p. 527 to 532. 10. Corrections from Smith's Epistle concerning the Seven Churches of Asia, from p. ^S'i to 533. 1 1 . Other Corrections from Bentley's Dissertation on Phalaris's Epistles, from p. 533 to 540. 12. Maf' fei's Translation of the iirst and second Marbles into Italian, with Notes, from p. 540 to 549. Lastly, Dodwell's Chronological Tables on the first Marble, from p. 549 to 553. " After such various conmients by so many learned men, our Editor tliinks he mij,';ht very v.ell liave put an end to the work here, and bee^ excused from any farther trouble ; but, having eu^:aged him- self by promise in his proposal, he has given us some conjectures and remarks of his own, as w( 11 upon the comments of those learned men before mentioned, as upon the Marbles themselves, from p. 353 to C05. Besides which, he has added a very copious Index*, both of Things and Words, witii short notes fre- quently interspersed, from p. f)'05 toO'07. " As to the order in which the Marbles are ])laced in this edition, our Editor has not tliought it necessary to keep to the same that was observed in the Oxford edition, where thev were j)laced according to the order in which they stood in their repository near the Theatre; but, since they have been removed from thence to a more com- modious place, he judges it best to come, as near as possible, to tlie method used by Selden, (iruter, and others, wiio liave shewed their skill line, uliich iilonc Inippciis to bo pcitrcr, ii*- T'ulincriu* Cj**;,- Jilainrd loiij^- ;ii;()." (joic^li's iintisli I'ojKrj^rdjilnj. \ol. II p \'l\). * On Mr. IMHillaiic '.- talent at indcx-inakir|J ;( c tlvj ' j\.-a\- and llia-iiutions" in \ul. IV. .N'^XV. Wild $ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7S2. and dexterity in recovering and adjusting curiosities of this kind. Our Editor farther informs us, that both in the Greek and Latin Marbles, where there are statues or figures, either with or without inscrip- tions, they are all placed last: and those statues and figures are engraved anew, with the addition of two that were before omitted * ." In return for a copy of this work, Mr. Bowyer received the following letter from Mr. Clarke : " I thank you much for my copy of the Oxford Marbles ; I am pleased with it, and believe there is no great danger of a new impression-l". Mr. ISlait- taire "j^ has shewn a great deal of modesty and dili- gence, as well as learning, in the work ; I do not see how such a heap of Commentaries can be other- wise disposed of than in the manner he has placed them . There is a note, at the bottom of the first page of his Preface, that 1 was a little in doubt about. He tells you that Colomesius in the year 1665 had heard of a larger j| Commentary of * Present State of Republick of Letters, vol. IX. p. 139. f " Yet there luis been a new iniprtssion, tliouali without notes, by Dr. Chandler. An anonynioiis writer (Gent. Mag. vol. 1>X1X. p. 297), > in a liberal {}ii!-tle on the Arundel col- lection, expresses a wish that the Lniversity would pive a fac- simile of the Parian marljle; wi.ich was also the wish of that old soldier and good Grecian, Jac. Palmciiiis U Grentr inesnil, who published an excellent philological work in 16'6"8, ccni'iining notes and corrections on thirty capital Greek author.- (reckoning the \rundel Marbles as one) in about 800 quarto }>agcs; his first work, when he was 80 years old, and had been a soldier from 20, till difcabkd })y age and t!i;; .-^.tone. His ov. n short preface is worth reading, and perhaps rerjrinting. I cannot help oliscning, that 30 or 40 years ago this b(;ok sold for 4.s'. and that now it gene- rally goes for 2*. To be sure, later editions of s( vcral of these autliors have, so fiir as tl;ey have gone, lowered the value of our tixil\ honest Critic ; but as, like the !>iby1s' leaves, there is enough in cons^-ionce s.ill left foi' the niiiney, I urn apt to think that these studies are fallen one eighth in price : I wish they may ha^e taken a better turn." T. F. 17S2. I Of >vhoni see the lissavs and Illustrations in vol. IV. No. XV. ^ They i: !ght have been disposed of in the manner of the Vaiioiji"! edition of the Classici\s. T. F. II It 1=1 .T^^ iuiprobabie but that Selden himself might ha^e en- larfxed his Cf...'i"ientHry. T. K Selden 's. 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 9 Seidell's *, and seen one of M. de Grenteines- nil'|~, &c. then adds at last, Nulla autem UUus Commenfaru, which is ambiguous ^, though to be sure he means Selden's. Every reader does not know immediately that M- de Grentemesnil is the gentleman that follows at No. 3 ^." Among other books printed in this year were, *' Apparatus ad Linguam (liroecam, ordine novo ac facili digestus, &c. Auctore Georgio Thompson, E. A. P. jj Scholaeque (irannnaticae apud Tottenham Allae Crucis Magistro." " Sermons and Discourses on Practical Subjects, never before printed. By Robert Moss, D. D. late Dean of Ely, and Preacher to the Honourable So- * " A person was employed to prepare a new edition of Sel- den's Commentary, which had been found veiy incorrect, and to insert the aiiditional marbles. This being delayed three years. Bishop Fell employed Prideaux ; who published them imder the title of ' Marmora Oxoniensia, ex Arundellianis, SeJdenianis, aliisque couHata ; recensuit, et perpetuo commcntario explicavit, Humphridus Prideaux, a^dis Christi alumnus, appositis ad coram nf>rmulia Seldeni et Lydiati annotationibus. Accessit Sevtorii IJr.-ati Patavini de notis llomanorum commentariis. Oxon. I'i7()," folio. Many inscriptions in Selden's book, which never got to Oxford, ^vere thrown with otiiers into an appendix. This book gi'owing sciucc, Mr. Pearce of Ednmnd Hall undertook iu 17'21 to reprint it, with leave of the author, now advanced lu year-i ; who recommended it to him to connect the many errors 0(,(a,innetl by his own youth and the hurry of the pi'css ; but, on his decUning this. Dr. David \Vill. Two or three of us had a fancy, three years ago, to write a weekly paper, and call it an Intelligencer. But it continued not long ; for the whole volume (it was reprinted in London, and, 1 find, you ha\e seen it) was the work only of two, myself and Dr. Slieiidan. If we could haA e got some ingenious young man to have been the manager, who should have published all that might be .sent to him, it might ha^e continued longer, for there were hints enough. But the Printer here could not afford such a young- man one farthing for his trouble, the sale being so small, and the }/rice one half-penny ; and so it dropt. In the volume you saw (to answer your questions), the 1, 3, 5, 7, were mine. Of the 8th I wiit only the ^cr^es (very vmcorrcct, but against a fellow we all Ikated) ; the 9th mine, the loth only the verses, and of those, not the foiu bust slovenly lines ; the 1.5th is a pamphlet of mine, j)rinted before with Dr. Siieridan's Preface, mejx'lv for laziness not to disapj>oint the Town ; and so was the 19th, which contains only a parcel of facts relating puiely to The miseries of Ireland, and wholly useless and unentertaining. As to the other things of mine since I left you ; there are in prose, A lieu- of the State of Ireland; a Project for eating Children ; ttJid .1 iJf'U'iHf, cf Lord Carteret : in verse, A I.ihel on Dr. Delanij tnd l.",a Cirtcret; A Litter to Dr. Delanij vn the Libels vrif: airain.-.t 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 11 that ultimately tended to his advantage, as it served to confirm that good opinion of his abilities and integrity which Mr. Pope had long before en- tertained *. against him ; The Barrack (a stolen copy) ; The Lady's Journal ; The Lady's Dressing Room (a stolen copy) ; The Plea of the Damned (a stolen copy) : all these have been printed in London. (I forgot to tell you that the Tale of Sir Ralph was sent from England.) Besides these, there are five or six (perhaps more) papei-s of verses writ in the North, but peifect family-things, two or three of which may be tolerable ; the rest but indiflerent, and the humour only local, and some that would give offence to the times. Such as they are, I will bring them, tolerable or bad, if I recover this lameness, and live long enough to see you either here or there." Dr. Swift to Mr. Pope, June I'-Z, 1732. On the subject of Swift's Miscellanies, the following letter to Mr. Motte, dated Aug. 16, 17'S2 (of which I have the Original) was first printed in Gent. Mag. vol. LXXIV. p. 9 : " Sir, Had I had ye the least thought you \\^ have now desired what you be- fore so deliberately refu.sed, I w'i certainly have preferred you to any other bookseller. All I cd now do was to sj)eak to Mr. Gil- liver, as you requested, to give you the share vou w \isually represented. The New Church in the Sti"and is an ex- pensive rich design, without the lesist apptmrance of grandeur. He also designed Bartholomew's Hospital, and a great numhor of houses for persons of distinction; but there appears nothing uncommon or new in them, and he was }'athcr a mannerist in things of that kind. He made designs for three sides of tlie quadrangle of King's college, Cambridge, in a modern style, without any regard to the part already bvnlt, though he con- fe-TCs the chapel is the finest Gothic pile he ever saw. This cus- tom of mixing Gothic and modern architecture in the same pile of building has also been practised in the University of Oxford with gieat success, and serves to shew that very little attentio)i is paid to taste and elegance in a ])lace where one would expect to find hardly any thing else. It rather shews that modern Ar- chitects do not understand Gothic, or prefer their own vagaries to it. Both these obseiTations are too tnie. Another instance of this erroneous practice he has given at Derby, where he has added to a fine rich Gothic steeple a church of the Tuscan order, which, in bis account of the work, he expressly says is suitable to the old stee})le." At the opening of the Ratcliffe Library, Mr. Gibbs was complimented by the University with the degree of M. A. He so{m after published " A Description of the Li- brary." Mr. Walpole observes, that " Gibbs, like Vanbrugh, had no aversion to j>onderosity ; but, not being endued with much invention, was only regiUarly heavy. His praise was fidelity to rules ; his failing, want of grace. ' " About the year 1720 (I now use the words of Mr. Walpole) he became the ar- chitect most in vogue, and the next year gave the design of St. Martin's church, which was finisherl in five years, and cost thirty-two thousand pounds. His likewise was St. Marys in the Strand, a monument of the piety, more than of the taste f>f the nation. Tlie new church at Derby was another of his Vforks ; so was the new building at King's college, Cambridge, and the senate-house there, the latter of which was not so bad as to justify erecting the middle building m a style veiy dissonant. The Rat- clitfe Library is moie exceptionable, and seems to have sunk into the 1752.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I3 *' Proposals for printing by Subscription, Ehora- cum ; or, the History and Antiquities of the City of York, from its Original to the present Year. Together with the History of the Cathedral Church, and the Lives of the Archbishops of that See, from the first Introduction of Christianity into the Northern the ground ; or, as Sarah Duchess of Marlborough ?aid by an- otlier building, it looks as if it was making a curtsy. Gibbs, though he knew little of Gothic architecture, was more fortunate in the quadrangle of All Souls, which he has blundered into a pictuifsque scencrv , not void of gi-andeur, especiLiiiy if seen thiough the gate that leads from the schools. 'Vhe a.-.-:e!nblage r)t' buildings in that ([u^iiter, though no single one is beautiful, always stiuck me with singular pleasm-e, as it con\eys such a vision of large edifices, imbroken by private houses, fis the uiind is apt to entertain of renowned cities that exist no longei-. in 172s Gibbs pubhshed a large folio of his own designs, which I think will coniinn the clraracler I have given of his works. Hi* arched wintlows, bis nistic-laced wiiulo\ss, his barbarous build- ings for gardens, his cumbrous chimney-pieces, and vasfs with- out grace, are striking proofs of his want of taste. He got 150(j/, by this publication, and sold the plates afterwards foi- 4(X)'. moie. His reputation was however established ; and the following com- pliment, preserved by Vertue, on his moniunent of Prior iii Westminster-abbey, shews that he did not want fond admirers : ' While Gibbs displays his elegant design. And Rysbrack's art does in the sculpture shine, \\ ith due composure and pi-opoition just. Adding new lustre to the tinished bust. Each ai tist here j)erpetuates his name. And shares with Piior an immortal fame. T. IV .' " There are three prints of Gibbs ; one from a j.'icture of Huyssing, another from one of Schiyder, a Swiss, v\lio was ftflerwards painter to the King of Sweden, and the third [a mez- '/otinio by Mac Ardell] from Hogxuth. (iibbs was atilicted with the gravel and stone, and went to S;)a in 17-t*>, but did not die till A'igu>t 5, 17")4. He be(ju(:ath(' Hospital, of which hi' was architect and g(tv<'r- nor, the same to (he I'oundling Hospital, anrl his libiMry and jrints to the Ratclitl'e Library at Oxford, Ix'sidt^ chai itiis, and Ifgacie^s to his r'^iations and frientls." Aiiccdotrs of Pdlntini:, )7.so, vol. IV. ]). 44 47. " The lines on Prior's ino)nnicnt r-hevv at le.iht that this single siK-cimen of (iibl)s's .skill had one. admirer; but who is 7'. U . and wiiat i.-> his wtiglit on this ckxh- bion ? It is ceitain thiit dihbs was mncli euiidoved ; and that is no contempt ii)le corniiUMidation for an arti-t, and looks jis if there were no better at ttie time. He succeeded to a veiy bad jw.-iiod of aichitcrts." T. I'. Parts 14 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l73^- Parts of this Island, to the present State and Condi- tion of thirs maonificent Fabrick. Collected from authentic MSS. public Records, antient ChronicleSj and Modern History. By Francis Drake, of the City of York, (rent." " A Re})ort from the Committee appointed to view the Cottonian Librarj^, and such of the Public Re- cords of this Kingdom as they think proper ; and to report to the House the Conditions thereof, toge- ther with what they shall judge fit to be done for the better Reception, Preservation, aud more con- venient Use of the same ;" folio. " A Report from the Committee, to whom all the Books, Instruments, and Papers, relative to the Sale of the Estate of James Earl of Derwentwater were referred ;" folio. '^ Phe several Reports, with the Appendix which is to one of them, from the Committee of the House of Commons, to whom the Petition of the Proprietors of the Charitable Corporation for Relief of Industri- ous Poor, by assessing them with small Sums upon Pledfjes at Le2:al Interest, assembled in their General Court, was referred; and the Proceedings of the House thereupon ;" folio. Several editions of the " Case of the Charitable Corporation." " A good Magistrate a Public Blessing; a Sermon preached before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, and Court of Aldermen, and the several Liv^ery Companies of the City of London, at the Parish Church of St. Lawrence Jewry, on Friday tlie 2.9th of September 1732, being the Day of Election of the Lord Mayor for the Year ensuing. By John Middleton*, D. D. Lecturer of St. Bride's, London, and Chaplain to the Lord Mayor;" 4to. " The State of Physick, Antient and Modern, briefly considered ; vvitli a Plan for the Improve- ment of it. By Francis Clifton, M. D. Physician to his Royal Higiiness the Prince of Wales, Fellow of the College of Physicians, and of the Royal Society, * Of whom see vol. I. p. 430. London ; 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH C^TURY. 15 London ; printed by W. Bowyer, for John Nourse without Temple Bar ;" 8vo. *^ Proposals for printing by Subscription, all the Works of Hippocrates in Greek and Latin, digested in a new and regular Manner, by Francis Clifton, M. D. being the first edition of Hippocrates that ever was published in England, and the first of the kind in Europe. The Doctor intends that this shall be the most correct edition that has yet been given ; not excepting even Foesius's, which is by far the best, especially the German edition. The whole Work will make three large volumes in quarto, to be printed with a new letter, and upon very good paper, and that without delay, so as to have the first volume out by this time twelvemonth.- I'he ])ricc to Subscribers will be two guineas, one guinea to be paid down ; the large paper three guineas, one guinea and a half to be ])aid down. Subscriptions taken in b}^ W. Sharp *." "^ An Answer to all the Excuses and Pretences tliat Men ordinarily make for their not coming to the Holy Connuunion. 1o which is added, a brief Account of the l^^nd and Design of the Holy Communion; the Obligation to receive it; the Way to prepare for it ; and the Behaviour of Ourselves, botli at and after it. By tlie most Reverend I^^dward Synge, Lord Archbishop of Tuamin Ireland," l^mo. ^' The Shepherd's Calendar, containing Twehe i^clogues, pnjportionable to the Twelve Months, by Edmund Spenser, Prince of Englisli J\)ets. With a Latin Translation on the opposite l\ige ; by I'heodore Bathurst. Published by John Ball. London, j)rinted by W. Bowyer," Svo. ' Histoire du XVl'" Siecle, et la \\v de M. ])e. 'I'hou ;" by Mr. Durand, ' This itif(iijiu- ulioii,; lij)idciui<;k-; S.c. Jyoud. \~,.^jA,' hvo, A n('\v l6 LITERARY ANECbOTES OF [l732. A new Edition of Sir Roger L'Estranjre's Trans- Havius Josephus. " The Life of William Cecil, Lord Burleig-li," &c. published by Arthur Collins *. * Arthur Collins, the Historiognipher of the "Baronage" anil *' Baronetage" of England, was born in 1()82. He was the son of Williain C'ollins, esq. gentlenian-u.sher to (Queen Catharine in 1669, by his wife EHzabeth, daughter of Tlioniais Blyth, daugli- terof John Honvood, esq. of Okely, in the county of Southuini)- ton. Having received a libci'al education, and being iVuni his youth much inclined to the cultivation of letters, parti( idarly to the study of Antiquity, he conceived the arduinis design of digesting a compendious accoiuit of the Nobility of these king- doms, whose genealogies had till that time lain moiddering in private cabinets. For the execution of this ra^k he was certainly entitled to the gitititude of the Nobility, if we consider the grea,t pains he took to investigate, and the pers})icuous manner ia which he has recorded, the illustrious deeds of their ancestors ; tracing with a faithftil and interesting pen the steps by which each family had risen to eminence. Neither was a work of this natiue without a considerable claim uj)on his countrjmen at large; inasmuch as a faithful picture of the rewards attendant on meritorious teer\ices and heroic actions, must necessarily prove the strongest incitement to the statesman, the soldier, and the citizen, to pursue the glorious career of virtue and honour. The merit of the before-mentioned vvorks is unquestionable 5 and to the present day they have continued the gre;it authorities to which all subsequent writers on the same subject have had re- course. But the fruits of them were not in proportion ; nor did. their author experience that liberal patronage to whicii the many midnight ngiLs he had ])assed in dry genealogical studies seemed to give him an indubitable claim. The other literary jjroductions which bear his name are, the " Sxdney State Papers ;" some *' Historical Collections of the noble Families of Cavendish, Holies, Vere, Harlc)', and Ogle ;" and a " Life of Edward the Blaclc Prince." Delighteil with raking in the dust of the closet, with poring over MSS. scarcely li gible, and rescuing half-devoured sentences fiom the combined attacks of Time and the moth, he lu.>t many years which might have been employed much more proHtably to himself. While unfolding the pedigrees of other families, he lost sight of tli'^ })rovision which was necessary for his own. Such were the laborious productions of Arthur Col- lins, and so inadequate his I'ewards ! Whatever piaise is due to biographical literature in geueial, certainly belongs to one who dipped even into the funereal urn to stamp his labours with au- thenticity; and such is the credit they have obtained, that, while ther<; remains a spark of vencratiim t(;r the ancestry and actions of our Peerage, the volumes which record them, and Ijear Col- lins's uame, will be consulted a^ the faithful liiitory of th.at splendid 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I7 Mr. Whatley's translation of Rapin's Abridgement ofRymer; folio. A second edition of Dr. Richard Grey's " Memoria Technica," 8vo. " Oratio de novo Physiol ogiae explicandae munere, ex celeberrimi Woodwardi Testamento instituto * ; habita Cantabrigiae in Scholis Publicis, a Conyers Middleton, S.T.P. Academiae Cantabrigiensis Pro- tobibhothecario, et Lectori ibidem Woodwardiano." " An Account of the Colony in Georgia ;" and ^' An Essay on Plantations ; or, Tracts relating to the Colonies ;" both of which were the production of James-Edward Oglethorpe -f-, Esq. splendid and necessary part (which has been so happily termed the Corinthian column) of the British Constitution, Mr. Collins manied about 17O8; died in 1760 5 and was interred in the parish-church of Battersea, in Surrey. He had issue several children ; of whom one son only survived him, viz. Arthur Tooker Collins, esq. who died Jan. 4, 1793 (a major-general in the semce, and commandant of the Plymouth dinsion of ma- rines) ; closing in London a life of honourable service, zeal, and integrity, David Collins, esq. who lately favoured the publick with an ample and interesting " Account of the English Settle- ment in New South Wales," is a son of Major-general ColUns above mentioned. I owe this note to my very accurate friend Mr. Stephen Jones. * " h is easy to suppose, that the reading of lectxires upon fossils was not an employment suited either to Dr. Middleton's taste, or to the turn of his studies ; and therefore we cannot wonder that he should resign it, as he did, in 1734. ' T. F. t This truly resj>ectable gentleman was the descendant of a family very antiently situated at Oglethorpe, in the parish of Bramhum, in the West Riding of the county of York ; one of whom was actually Reeve of the county (an office nearly the "ame with that of the present high-sheriff) at the time of the Norman Conquest. The antient seat at Oglethorpe continued in the family till the Civil Wars, when it was lost for their loyalty ; and several of the name died at once in the bed of honour, in defence of Monai-chy, in a battle near Oxford. William Ogle- thorpe (son of William, who died Nov. 24, 1631) was born in 1588; and married Susanna, daughter of Sir William Sutton, knt. and sister to Lord Lexington. He died in Xovembtr 1634 j leaving two childi-en, Sutton, born IGI'2, and Dorothy (who aften^ards married the Marquis of Byron, a Treiich nobleman), born lb"2(). Sutton Ogletliori)e, being Hned 20,000/. by the Parliament, hii estates at Oglethoipe, &c. were sequestered, and afterwards given to tjcueral Fail fax, who sold thcni to Ro- VoL. II. C bert 1$ . LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l732. Tlie second volume of a magnificent edition of " Cliurchiirs Collection of Voyages and Travels," with near 530 Copper Plates," in Six Volumes folio. Ix^it Benson, of Bramliam, father of the Lord Bingley of tliat that name. Sutton Oglethorpe had two sons, Suttt)n, and Sir Theophihis : 1. Sutton, \v:is stud-master to King Charles II. and had three sons (1. Sntton, i)age to King Charles H. ; ^2. John coinet of the guards; and 3. Joseph, who died in India) ; 2. Sir 'J'heophilus was boin in IG.j^, and bred to arms ,- he fought under the Duke of Monmouth in the allair at Bcjthwell-bi idge, ^^'he^e a txmiultar}- insuirection of the Scots was su}>ples^e(l, June "2, 16'70; rojunianded a party of hor?e at Sedgmooi-iight, wliere the said Duke was defeated, July 6", 1(>8t ; and was licu- Tfuant-colonel to tlie Duke of York's trooj) of his Majesty's hor^e- guards, and ec mmissionei- for execxUing tlie ollicc of Master of the Hoihe to King Cliailes II. He was afterwaids iirst ei[uerry and niajfr-geneial of the army of King James II. 3 and liis at- taehment to the family of Stuart eont inning after tluir ai)(liea- tion, tAvocHtlerentjmx.'lainations, July 1'3, 1690, andMay 8, 16V2, were issued for ajjjneliending him, amongst other }>ersons .'sus- pected of et'vresponding with them. Having .seated lumself by jnu'chase at \\ estbrook-jdace near (lodelming In Surre\ -, he was ap])ointed de])uty-lie\itenant, ai\d put into the commission of tlie ])eace for that county. In lfJ98 he was elected M. V. for Hasle- mere ; and died A])ril 10, l/OQ, as appears by a jicdigjee in the Collection of the late J.C. Biooke, esq.; though the following Inscription in tlie parish-church t)f St. James, Westminster, %\hei'e he Witft buried, has it a year earlier: "HIcjacet Thkoi'iulus C)Gi,i.TH()Krr,, K(jues auratus, ab ata\o S'icecomite Ebonuii, ]\ormann() a ictoiv, chicens originem. Cujus aiinis, ad jjontem I'othwellienseni, sucdibuit Scotus : j\eenon Scdgmoriensi Pa- lude fusi Kcbelics. (Jui, per \arios casus et renmi di.-crimina, magnanimnm figa Princijiem et l^atriam fidem, sed ncc tenure, su.'^timiit. Obiit Londini, anno I70I, fetat. 50." He mairieil Eleanora Wall, of a considerable family in Ireland, by \\hom he had four sons and foiu' daughters ; the live eldest of \shoni wt're born in St. James's house ; and two of tiie daughters were in the court of King James's Queen at St. Gennain's, and uiarried nuu )f the hrst rank in France. Le\vis, the eldest son, was born in February 1(>S()-1 ; and admitted of Corpus Chri^ti college ]n Oxfojd in 1C9H-0, his matricidation bearing date March iG" iu that year. He was equeriy tt) jQueen Anne ; represented th;- boroug^i of Haslemere in Parliament in 1702 ; and ser\ed under the Duke of Marlborough at the attaek of Scbelknijurgh, where the Bavarians were routed, July 2, 1704 ; on wliieh oeea- sion he recei\ed a wound, ol' whieii he .shortly afu.r died, iu the f- Sec Maiining and Bray's Ilintyiy of tliutC'ount.y, vii!. 1. p. '-.lO. e indolis frustrate, obiit \ioesim<) secundo ietatii anno, attpie ])omini 1704." Under- neath. '' Cla'i^simo utriu->ution, tl'.e third son, died an infant. Jauies-Edward, the fourtli and yoangcst son, was born in 16'93; was an ensign in tiie army when Peace was proclaimed in 171-> j aid-de-camp to the Earl of Pcterbi)rou^li, with whom Dr. Berkeley, his Lord- shij)\ chaj.'lain, was fellww tra\eller in going express to the em- l)a5-:adoi' in lialy : and admitted of Corpus Christi college in Ox- ford in 17 M. Succeeding his brother Lewis in se\eral estates in t!u- pa:isii of Cjodehning, he w;is elected a burgess in Parliament for Ha^lemcre in 17'-'2, and again in 17'27-b. In 17'^9 he en- gaged in tlie generous enquhy into the state of the Gaols, on linding a gvntlenr.m wliom he went to visit in the Fleet loaded with irons, and u-ed in the most baibarous manner. lie was ( liairman of the Committed' appointed by the House of Commons to make this entjuirv; oji which such f;icLs came out as were allocking to humanity. It seem(>d incredible that such infamous (>pprcssi(jni should havt^ -..o long renuiined unptinished, in a <'>;intry where (happily) the law is superior to power. The g'.jod el'iet> tinguishcd himself by several '.iblc .-iKC(h(;5 iii l!ie House of Conunous, on the subject of the Addle-- lo the Kiui!,- ((ient. Mag. \ol. H. )). SGC) ; on the Sugar ( jjIohv Dill (ib. p. 9.'iH ; \<1. HI. p. '2(K)) ; on Sir John Lombe's I'tlilion tor the Kitablishment of Silk Mill, at Derby (\ol. II. ]'. 9 JO, 9H.">) i and on the ( haritable (orpuiation (ib. p. 9S9.) June ;;o, 17 ./i, lie ua-> ajipointed a '^ru^t^t for the e.^tal>lisliment of tli( new ( ()lon\ in (icorgia ; on which M'r\ ice he embarked, in tin- -Xmie g.ille\ at Depllbrd, on tlu' 30th of ()rt(jber follow- iiu;'. ills a'l ijtiiit of thi' Indian^ in in tin- Magazine, \ol. III. )>|). lOH, IS.',; au -rttliiig the Colony of (ifoigia, lb. p. '209. Fngagiug in thi' si r\ irr with that ar- ' III tU.- '.j,'!! .r I .,.liii_' t.) till- inscii|)tiuii (111 li.- iiiMiiii!ii';iU. Hut it was j).-\.-il i,y |.v:,l-:i. . .,11 u.uli, li'lurc th'- M..ii..' .,i C'..:iiiir.|i'i Nov. Ill, 1702, til. il li.- v.. i> 1.1,111 ill l-.lMii.irv |i^S"-l ; si> tliur :,. ini'-' !:a\ . il il ;ii th-- i^i-ith V-.u ui 111.- .1; ( ' .,-. /, . :.;. ],. :':. I dour to LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [173^* " A Critical Examination of the late new Text and Version of the New Testament in Greek and dour which marked all his undertakings, he succeeded, after en- countering innumerable hardships and difficulties, and expeudiii<;- in the course of it large sums of his private fortune, which, it i?5 believed, were never re-^aid. June 13, 1734, he was elected a third time for Haslemere j and, arriving in England about tlic same timefi'om Gleorgia, was, on the 19th of that month, graci- ously received by their Majesties at St. James's, and afterwards by the trustees of the Colony, who expressed their great satisfac- tion in the eminent services he had perfonued on behalf of the -new settlement. (See verses to him on his return, Gent. Mag. vol. IV. p. 505 ; and in that year his head was proposed b\- Mr. Urban as a prize-medal.) On this occasion, he brought \^ith him into England Tomo-chi-chi, Micho of the Creek Indian, Senauki his wife, Micho John Tooanahowki their son, and Hillispilli the war captain, with other Indians, who were intro- duced to their Majesties at Kensington, Aug. 1 ; and, having been entertained here for some time at the expence of the (io- v^nment, embarked at Gravesend on their return home on the 30th of October following. Oct. 14, 1735, Mr. Oglethorpe him- self set out for Gravesend, in order to embark a second time for Georgia ; and carried with him the two brothers John and Charks Wesley, who went with the pious intention of instiiicting the Indians. He arrived there Feb. 5, 1735-6 (see accounts from him in Gent. Mag. vol. VI. pp. 219, 357, 680') ; in the latter end of which year he made another voyage to England, and raided a regiment to carry^ over, permitting every man to take a wife with bim. In June 1737^ he was constituted general of the forces in South Carolina in Georgia j as also, on the 25th of August fol- lowing, colonel of a regiment raised for the ser\ ice of the Colony. In 1737 he was officially complained of by the Sj)aniards (Gent. Mag. vol. VII. p. 500) ; and in that year Tnade an excellent speech in the House of Commons, on the Bill concerning the Riots at Edinburgh (ibid. p. 712.) July 1, 1738, he sailed from St, Helen's, with the Hector and Blandfoid men of war, for Georgia the third time, where he landed Sept. 19 5 but had great diffi- culties thiown in his way, aa well from tlie Spaniards, who watched him with a very jealous eye, as from the mismanagement, of those he was obliged to intrust, and from the want of sup])lies from home ; the latter occasioned an attempt to assassinate liim (Gent. Mag. vol. IX. pp. 48, 215) and a mutiny, which he quelled by his pei"sonal courage and conduct. In 1740 he attacked the Spaniards, took two small forts, and besieged St. Augustine, but without success (ib. pp. 203, 242, 359, 468.) In 1741 he was, in his absence, elected the fourth time burgess for Haslemere. In 1742 the Spaniards attacked the new settlement, but were repulsed by him. At length, after continuing about five years in the sei-vice of the Colony from the time of his last embarka- tioHj he aiTived in England Sept. 28^ 1743 i having been ap- pointed 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 21 English ; Part the Third and last. Being a Defence of the Divine Authority of the Book of the Revela- pointed Brigadier-general in his Majesty's service on the 26th of Febniaiy befoi-e. On his return Mr. Cook, his lieutenant-colonel, exhibited several chaiges against hiuij which being all found to be false, the accuser was broke. In March 1744, he was ap- pointed one of the officers under Field Marshal the Earl of Stair, TO oppose the intended invasion from Fi-ance ; and, having been, promoted to the rank of Major-general, March 30, 1745, served under his Royal Highness tlie Duke of Cumberland in the Re- bellion that followed. In 1747, he was elected burgess for Hasle- mere the fifth time ; and Sept. 13, in the same yeai", was made Lieutenant-genei-al. Finally, Feb. 22, 1765, he was advanced to the rank of Genei-al ; and for many years before his death was the oldest general on the statf. He married, Sept. 15, 1744, Elizabeth daughter and heir of Sir Nathan Wrighte, bart. of Cranham-hall in Essex (a cousm of the Lord Keeper) by Abigail his fomth wife, daughter of Samuel rryste, esq. of Culwoith in the county of Northampton (see some good verses to him on this occasion, by the Rev. Moses Brown, in Gent. Mag. vol. XIV. p. 55S.) He was always very unwilling to tell his age ; perhaps he was not certain about it. The news-paper-Sj soon after his death, furnished stories of his shooting snipes in Conduit-mead, hodie Conduit-street, Bond-street, &c. He was r-.-niarkably tall and thin, and had an exceedingly shrill voice, v-hich could be heard in the lobby, when he was speaking in the House. Re- markable for his abstemiousness, Uc enjoyed good health j and such was his activity, that to the kist he would outwalk younger pei-sons. If he indulged himself in a sort of garrulity, it was that of one who, having read and seen much, with much obser- vjition, was willing to communicate his knowledge; and fevir who attended to him did so without receiving information. His private benevolence was great. The families of his tenants and dej^endents were sure of his assistance whilst they deserved it ; and he has frequently supported a tenant whose situation was doubtful, not merely by forbearing to ask for rent, but by lend- ing him mcmey to go on with his fami. He n^tained his under- standing, his eye-sight (reading without sj)ectaclt), his hearing, and the use of his limbs, till within two or thl^'e da}S of liis death; which happened June 30, 17S."), in the 88th year of his age. Ha\ing no issue, he devised his estate at Ifaslemere to his wife, who bequeathed it on her decease Oct. 20", 1/87, to trustiics, to be sold, for the benefit of the Marquis de Bcllegarde, gn^ut fiej)hew of the General her husband. A monument has been ereited in the church of (ranham to the memory of the (ieneral and his wife, with the following inscription, written by Mr. Cip'l J.ot: " Near this place lie the remains of Jamks Knu ako OoLKTHORrf, Esq. who ej\ed under Prince Eugene, ami 22 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l /op- tions, against the Edition of the New Testament, and the Author of ' The Discourse Historical and Cri- and in 1714 was Captain-Lieutenant in the iii-st trooj) ol" i^uccn's Guartis. In 1740 he was appointed Colonel of a regiment to be raised for Georgia. In 1745 he was appointed Major-genoral ; in 1747 Lieutenant -genenil ; in 17^5 General of His Majesty's forces. In his civil station he was very eaily con.'^])icu(nt^. He was chosen M. P. for Hasleniere in bsuiivy in 172*2, and continued to represent it till 1754. In the Committee of Parliament for encpiiring into the state of the Gaols, formed Peb. 25, 1728, and of which he was Chairman, the active and ])ersevering zeal of his bene\ olence found a trulv suitable employment, by visiting, with his colleagues of that gencrou? body, the dark and pestilential dungeons of the prisons which at that time dishonoured the INletropoli.^, detecting the most enormous oppressions ; obtaining exemplary punishment on those who had been guilty of such outi-ages against Humanity and Justice, and restoiing mxdtitudes from extreme misery to light and freedom. Of these, about 700, rendered, by long confinement for debt, strangers and heljiless in the country of their birth, and desirous of seekbig an as} lum in the wilds of America, were by iiim conducted thither in 1*32. He willingly encountered in their behidf a variety of fatigue and danger, and thus became the Founder of the Colony of Georgia ; a Colony which set the n<^b]e example of prohibiting tlie importation of Slaves. This new establishment he strenuously and gucces-sfiUly defencU d against a poweiful attack of tlie Sj)aniar(U. in the yeai- in which he quitted England to found this Settlement, he noblv strove to restore onr true national defence by Sea and Land, a free Xavy without impressing ; a con.-titational Militia. But his social affections were moie enlarged than even the ttrm l^atriotism can exjiress. He was the i'rienfl of the oppic.-sed \egro ; no J art of tlie (dob( was too remote, no interest too xuiconnccted, 6t too [muchj oj)poif;d 'c h.iz own, 1732.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 23 tical on the Revelation ascribed to St. John;' wherein particularly the Characters of many eminent Fatliers to prevent his immediate succour of MiffLi-ing Humanity. For such qualities he recei^etl fi-oin the ever meuKH-able [John] Duke of Ai^yle, a fall letlimonv in the Britii^h Senate to liis militaiy cliaractt r, his natural genero-in . hb contempt of daiurer, and r^aid fur tlie Publick *. A -iniilar encomiuni i? jHTi)tmated in a foitism language f: an'1. }>y one * of our most celebrated Po;.t. his i-emembi-ance is iransinitted to Posterity in line- ju5tlv expres--i\e of 'lie purity, the ardour, the extent of his benevolence He hved till the Ist of July 17S5, a venerable iii-tance to whar a duration a life of temperance and arduous labour is capable of beinsr prcti acted. His -widow, EhzJibeth, daughter of Sir Nathan Wrighte, of Cranhdiii-lKdl, hart, and only ^iiier and heiress of J?ir >amucl Wrig-hte, bait, of the same plac-^^ sun i\ ing- with i eeret (though witli due submission to Divine Pi'ovidence* an affectionate husljand, after an union of more than 40 year-, hath inscribed to his niemorv these faint tnices of his excellent clsaiactcr. " Religion watcher o er his urn, .^nd uli the A'irtues bending moiun. Hum initv, wirh laniruid e\ej iMelting for othei-s' iniseiy . I'lauknce, whiii-')n, in an auinatoi Poem, .-.m--, " Ia) '. swantii:i2^ Sijutimnni 'in rt. v.'i''ing sui;-, '^'ay Coli.nios ext< n{ unf thuo whom liiijiit- cliase fpjm for. icrn land?. Not built on Ftapinr, St i\ itiide, and Woe, -Ami in tlifir turn s>'im!a!l fly lik'. r,^', i.i'j.e fioiu i'l'. t.j \\4' \\ i.-doni' 24 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l732. are vindicated against the Calumnies of the Writers afore-mentioned. By Leonard Twells, Vicar of St. Mary*s in Marlborough ;" 8vo. A new edition of Dean Stanhope's " Paraphrase and Comment on the Epistles and Gospels." The eighth edition of a Translation of " Tully's Offices," by Thomas Cockman *, D. D. 1 2nio. " Boeoticorum Liber, 4to." " Proposals for printing by Subscription, Fryar Bacon's Opus Majus to Pope Clement the Vlth ; from a MS. in the Public Library at Dublin. By Dr. Jebb. In one volume in folio. The price is one guinea the small paper, and two the large. Subscriptions are taken in at Mr. Bowyer's in White Fryars." " Proposals for printing by Subscription, the Orations and Fragments of the famous Orator Lysias, in Greek and Latin. By John Taylor, A.M. Fellow of St. John's-college, Cambridge. This Work will be printed in quarto, with a very good letter, and on a very good paper; andwill, by moderate com- putation, contain above 70 sheets. And the Editor does assure the Publick, that it shall be sent to the press, as soon as the Collections for a Second shall come to hand, which he is now expediting with all imaginable dispatch. The price to Subscribers will be twelve shillings for the small, and eighteen for the large paper ; one half to be paid down at the time of subscribing. Subscriptions taken in by W. Innys, &c." Proposals for printing an edition of " Juvenal," by the learned William Baxter. Wisdom's grey locks and Freedom join The moral strain to bless his shrine. And pensive all around his ashes holy, Their last sad honours pay in order melancholy." " His disconsolate widow died Oct. 26, 1787^ in her 76th year, and is buried with him in the vault in the centre of this chancel. Her fortitiidc of mind, and extensive chai-ity, deserve to be re- membered, though her own modesty would desire them to be forgotten." * Master of University college. He died Jan. 31j 1744. Mr. Bouycr printed a ninth edition in 1739. 1733. 1733 3 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2^ 1733. " A Second * Vindication of the Gospel of St, Matthew ; in Answer to the Second Defence of the Dissertation or Inquiry concerning St. Matthew's Gospel, In which is shewn, that instead of being what the Title-page calls it, a Full Answer to all that has been offered in Three Tracts, in Vindica- tion of the said Gospel, it contains not a single Ar- gument upon what is offered in one of those Tracts, and often passes over what is most material in the other two ; that the Author neither justifies nor retracts the numerous Falsehoods charged on his Dissertation and first Defence ; and lastly, that what he has advanced on the Subject, more than before, is either False or Impertinent. By Leonard Twells^ M. A. Vicar of St. Mary's in Marlborough." " The humble Remonstrance of the Five-foot- highians against the Antichristian Practice of using a Standard in enlisting Soldiers. To which is added. The Wounds o' th' Kirk of Scotland," &c. Another Edition of Sir Roger L'Estrange's Trans- lation of Josephus; and Proposals for a new Version by the Rev. William Whiston. Part of the very beautiful and accurate edition of " Jac. Augusti Thuani -^ Historiarum sui Temporis * The first part of this "Vindication" was publishet^ in 1732; but was not printed by Mr. Bowyer. t " Mr. Caite, who under the borrowed name of Phillips, resided in France in the year 172'2;, having collected there ma- terials for an English translation of the History of Thuanus, our learned Physician, Dr. Mead, quickly perceived that this plan might be enlarged. He looked on his countiy as too dis- interested to desire to possess this foreign treasure alone, and was desirous England might do for Thuanus more than France itself; by procuring for all Europe the fir.st compktc edition of this inmiortal history. He therefore satisfied Mr. Carte for the pains he had tjiken, and employed Mr. i3uckley as an PZditor equal to such a task ; whose tliree letters, written in English to the Doctor, contain many curious j)aiticulars concerning the History itself, and the plan of this new edition ; to the pcrf-'C- tion and beauty of which Dr. Mead so liberally toatributrd. TllsC. 26 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7.1.'^ ab Anno Domini 154^, usque ad Annum 1607, Libri CXXX^'lII. Accedunt Comm;>ntarium de Vita sua Libri VI. &o." In Seven Volumes*, folio; a work which reflerts a considerable dejrree of credit on the memory of Mr. Buckley -|~; and for which Tlicsc lettei's woiv tianslated '.nto Latin by Mr. Profos-^nr Warri. with, an elegance worthy tlie place they liold in the front of tiie work." Dr. Mntij, Life of Mead, p. 39. In Mr. Buckley s third letter to Dr. Mead the writer .says, he has " the pleasure to acknowledge that Lord Carteret from time to time had fiivoiued him with his directions and information concerning Thuanus, and among other things had the goodness to put into his hantls ^ character of that IJisrorian ." * In the title-page of each a olume, the name of the bookseller only appears, " Excudi curavit Sanmel Buckley, 1733." At the end of tlie first, stands *' Liniuini imprinu bat Henricus Wood- fall 3" of the second, " Sanmel Richardson ;" of the third, " Ja- cobus Bettenham ;" of the fourth, '^'^ Jacobus Roberts 5" of the fifth, " Tlaomas Wood." No printer's name occxu's either in the sixth or seventh ; but the eight iirst books of vol. VII. Avert printed by Mr. Bowyer ; and the remainder, I believe, with the whole of the bixtii volum.e, by Mr. Edward Owen. These were all veiy excellent printers. An Act of P.uliament wa^^ obtained, '' for gi-anting to Samuel Buckley, Citi/en and Stationer of London, tlie sole liberty of printing an depending in Parliamer.t, Mr. Buckley published " A Short State of the public Encouragement given to Pnnting and Bookselling in France, Holland, Germaiiy, and Limdon. With Reasons hum- bly offered to the Lortls Spiritual and Temporal in P^irliament assembled, for gi-anting to Samuel Buckley such Pri\ilege for Th\iauus in Latin, as is alreaf!\- granted to every Briti;?Ii Subject who is pos.sessed of the copy of ar.y book in English." f 3Ir. Sauiuel Buckley (who has been hrietiy noticed in vol. I. p. 290) is represented in The Tatler, No. IS, in the character of a N( ws-writer, as a literaiy Drawcansir, " who spares n( ithcr friend nor foe, but usually kills as many of his own side a.- the enemy's." Seven \olume? of the original Spectator in folio A\-ere published by Samuel Buckley at the Doljiliin in Lirtle- Briiaiu. The Spectator being discontinued at the close of the seventh volume, was succeeded In The Guardian ; and Po;)e informs us, that taeele was ena'aged in articles of penalty to Jac(jb 'i'onson, for all the papers he })ublished under this last name. I'he same author sa\s, '' the true leason that Steele laid down TheGuaniian wa.s a quarrel betvveen liim and tJi? bookseller above mentioned ; ' he adds, " that Steele, bvdcsi.sting two da\s, und altering the title of his paper to tliat of The Englishman, !^ T'avk-? Kdl-icn of H.;nal andNy' le.U.-roi-'- vo' TV 1733-] THE lElIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2f Proposals had been printed by Mr. Bowyer, and circulated in the year 173O *. " Appendix ad Marmora Oxoniensia ; sive Gri3eciE trium Marmoruni-j- recens repertorum In- scriptiones, &c. By the Editor oi' the Oxf-.^rd Marbles. Sold by W. Bouyer." Pricel^-. 6W. folio. " Bishop Hare's Hebrew Psalter," 8vo. The celebrated Psalmanazar ;}; had some years befoi-e got quit of his obligation." Additions to Pope's WorliSj 177G, vol. If. p. 84, et srfj. In 1713 tiie perifxiical paper to which Steele gave the title of 'The Englisliman, was in the course of jjublica- tion ; it was prin^^ed by S. Buckley in Amen-corner, and an- nounced :i.s '1 he Sequel of the Guardian. Tlie title of Spectator was resumed some months after; number first of the Vlllth ^ olume, printed by Buckley in Amen-corner, folio, is dated on the 18th of the June following, in 1714. He was afterwards ap- pointed writer of the Gazetteer, and was put into the commission of the peace for the county of Middlesex. He wiis a man of au excellent understanding and great learning, very sincere where he professed friendship ; a pleasant companion, and greatly esteemed bv all who knew him. In Homscy-cluuch, Middlesex, on the North wall, and clore to the j)ulpit, on the West side, a very neat and elegant mui-al monument of wliite marble is thus inscribed : " To the memoiy of Sa.miel Bucklfy: who, having not only di'^chai'ged all the duties of life with ability, indav-trv, and tenderness to each relation ; but offices likewise of state and tru-st, V itri prudence, fidelity, and a^utitude to his benefactors ; concluded hi>^ days in the study of letters, and the enjoynieut of iionest and honourable friendships, Sept. H, 1711, in the (3Hth year of his age." * See vol. I. ].. 1'25. i These ndditional monuments (see p. l) were brought ijito England in October 17-''2: from a town situated between Simrna and f]phc-us. Tlu- inscriptions were carefully and exactly taken off on ])a])er bv Mr. .Tosej)h.\nies, and j)re'-ented to Sli'Han-SIonne; and Mr. Maittaire undertook to communicate them to the publick, with a Latin trausliition :u!.l notes, 'f'he lirst of tiicsi*, v,f are told in tlie Preface, rrcei\(> eon>idc-rable light from some of the monuments pi-esen-ed in the (r.illery at Oxfoi'd, :uid pariicularly firim rne of tho-e ])uhl'-hct| hy >.!!. (hi-iiuil. I .Author of the fabulous " Hi-'.ory or' I'or'.uo-a ;" nv.l oC a vrrv cousiderrible })art of " Tlie rnivu.> woi k is |)arti( ul.uly ]>oiiited out in his own '* Mer.!:iiis of llin;-< If," ])ul)li' lird thcxcru" after his decease, Avhich Ir.'.i'.xr;'. d Ma_\ .;, 17*".'>. ;it th( age of ,s.{. " j>rt})c.i\(| 28 LITERARY ANECDOTES Of [1733- ** prepared an edition of the Psalms, witli Leusden^s Latin Version in the opposite column, and critical Notes;" intending it should be printed by Mr. Palmen who declined undertaking it, being in treaty with Dr. Washburn to print the edition of Bp. Hare, which passed afterwards through the press of Mr. Bowyer *.** * " This performance did not appear in print till seven or eight years after, and then to my great surprize; for Mr. Palmer had amused me with the belief that the design was set aside, cither on account of its being found impracticable, or at least too difficult and dangerous. It appeared, however^ that Mr, Palmer imposed upon mej and that he knew that the design was carried on in another printing-house, though with such privacy, that I never heard or dreamed of it, though I had been long acquainted ^vith Mr. Bowyer, who was employed in the printing of it. So far from it was I, that I began to think Mr. Pahafier had only invented that stoiy, to divert me from printing my proposed edition, in order to set me vipon another work, in which he was more immediately concerned, and expected greater credit, as well as present profit from. This was his History of Printing, which he had long promised to the world, but foi- which he was not at all qualified. However, he designe4 to have added a second part, relating to the practical part, which wa.^ more suited to his genius, and in which he designed to have given a fvill account of all that relates to that branch, from the letter-founding, to the most elegant way of printing, im.posiiig, binding, &c. in which he had made considemble hnprovements of his own, besides those he had taken from foreign authors. But this second part, though but then as it were in embrvo, met with stich early and stremioiis oppositioi>, fiom the respec- tive bodies of letter-founders, j)rinters, and book-binders, under an ill-grounded apprehension that the discovery of the mystery of those arts, especially the two fii^st, would render them t:heap and contemptible (whereas the very reverse would have been the case, they appearing indeed the more cnrif)us and worthy our admiration, tlie better they are known) that he was forced to set it aside. But as to the first pait, viz. the History of Printing, he met with the greatest cncouragt^nent, not only from them, liut from a veiy great number of the Learned, who all engaged to subscribe largely to it ; particularly the late f'arls f)f Pembroke and Oxford, and the famous Dh bookseller then in London, of whom lie had a great opinion, though still more unqualified for it than he, and only aimed at getting money from him, without ever doing ^733] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2^ A Part only of " Memoirs of the Twentieth Cen- tury : being original Letters of State under George tuny thing towards it, except amusing him with fair promises for near three quarters of a year. He had so long dalhed with him, that they were come within three months of the time in which Mr. Palmer had engaged to produce a complete plan, and a number or two of the first part by way of specimen of the work, viz. the invention and improvement of it by John Faust at Mentz. And these were to be shewn at a grand meeting of learned men, of which Dr. .Mead was President that year ; and, being his siugidar friend and patron, was to have promoted a large subscription and payment, whi(;h Mr. Palmer stood in great iced of y\ that timej v/hcrcas Papiat had got nothing ready but a few loose and imperfect extracts out of Che\-alier, I>e Caille, and some other Fiench authors on the subject, but which could be of little or no use, because he frequently mistook them, and left blanks for the words which he did not uiu^er- stand. These, howe\'er, such as they were, Mr. Palmer brought to me ; and earnestly pressed me that I wcnld set aside all other things I might be then about, and try to produce the expected plan and specimen by the time promised, since he must be ruined both in credit and pocket if he disappointed his friends of it. k was well for him and me that the sul>jcct Jay within so small a compass a.-^ the consulting of about twehe or fourteen princijtai authors ; so that I easily fell upon a proper plan of tlie work, which I dh ided into three parts ; the first of which was, to give an account of the invention of the art, and its first essays by Faust at Meutz, arid of its improvement by fusile or metal t3-pes, varnish, ink. ixc. by his son-in-law, Peter fH'hoeffer. The secoml was to C(mtainits proprigation, and farthei' imy)rovement, through most parts of l<'urope, under the mOst cekl>rated Printers ; and eing consci(jus hou much better it might have turned out. would time have permitted it. And this I chifcHy mention, liut so much to excuse the defects of so horrid a |jerformauce, as because it hath given me sirue frecjueiu occa- sion to observe h(w many umeh more considerable works have been spoiled, both at home and aljroad, through the imj)atience of the subscriber- , though this is far enougii fit)m being the only or even the greatest inconvenience that attends most of tho^.e kinds of subrc liptions. As to Mr. Palmer, his eiriuni- ftances were by this time so unaccountably low and uufortuiuirc, considering the laigeness and success of his business, and ihit he was hini'^elf a soi)er industrious man, :iad fiee from all ex- travagance, that he could nut extricate hiujself by any other way, but by a .Statute of Bankruptcy, which caused his llistory to go sluggishly on -. iu that, uotwithstandiiii; all fht.' cure and kind x^jibtancr 50 LITERARY ANECDOTES or [1733- tlie Sixth; relating to the most important Events in Cjieat Britain and Europe, as to Church and assistance of his good fiiend Dr. IMt\id, a stubborn disfonipor, TiiHch liis mistbrtiiiu'^ brought upon him, carried him oil" be- fore the third part of it was hnished. This detect, however, was happily suppHed by the hite noble Earl of Pembroke, who being informed by Mr. Pain the cngi-aver, Mr. Pahner's hiother- in-law, what condition the remainder Avas left in, and that I was the pej'son Avho had wrote the former parts, sent for me, and, vi'ith his usual generosity, enjoined me to eomi)]ete tlie work, according to the plan ; and not only defiayerl all the chaiges of it, even of the paper and ]irinting, but furnished me v.itli all necessary irjaterials out of his Own libiary ; and, when the Avork was linished, iiis J^ordship reserved only some few copies to him- self, and gave the remainder of tlie impres.^-ion to Mr. Palmer's widow, not without some farther tokens of his liboralitv." To retuin to the edition of the Hebrew Ps;dler the cause of Mr. Pahner's delay is thus related by Psalnranazar : " His I-ordsiiip liarl excepted iigairsst Mi'. Palmer's Hebiew types, w hieh w cne of At bias's font, and a little battered, and insisted Uj;on his lia\ing a new set from Mr. (Jaslr)n. \v])!eh greatly exceeded them in beauty. Knt Mr. Palmer was so d'^eply in debt to him, that he knew jiot how to proeiue it from him without ready money, which he was not able to s])are. The Bishop likewise insisted uj)on having some Roman and Italic ty])es cast w it h some di.sl inguishing mark, to diject his teaders to the Hebrew letters they weie designed to answer, and tliese required a new set of jmnches and matrices befoi'c they could !x; cast; and that would liH^e delayed the work, which Mr. Pabuer was in haste to go about, that he might the sooner hnger some of his Lordship's money. This ])ut him upon sucii an imtair stratagem, as, wlicn discovered, tpiite disg\istehip had caused to Ixj printed of his Psalter ? and was answeretl only five hundred ; one half of which had been presented by las Lordship to his learned frieiuis, both in and out of En^^land, and niost of tlie rest weie still unsold, there being but few among the learned, tliat were ciuious in sueli matters ; the ])erlV)nnance having been disaj)],io\ed by all thai had seen it. This ne^ss so cooled the Ijookselkis' eiigerness aftei- my answer, that, upon my coming to town, and their acquainting me with the state of the Ciise, 1 was quite discouraged from printing it. For they concluded, fiom what ]\Ir. liowyer hud said, that it wt)uld be dangerous to j(rint above three hundred of mine, tlie charge of which being (Icchictod, the prolit, upon a supposition ilrit they \vere all soki, ^vould be so small, tiial tJiey could not aliiird me abcjve two oi' Jhree guineas for my copy (wliich would have made about seven or eiglit sheets of a middling octavo) without being lo-ers. This was theii- wav of computing the matter, against wliicli ha\ing noliiing to object, 1 Unked u]) my ]apers in niy cabinet, wiicic tiiev have lain ever since. They did indeed oiler me better teiin?, ajid to j))inl a grealer immber of copies, if I would be at, the trouble u[' piinting it in 10ngli~h, which they ti\(Aight would be m(jre uni\Lrsally rciid, out of dislike to thel5isho]); but, be- sides that 1 cared nen('ath the subject to print it in anv otiier language but that in which his was wrote 3 and ;o wholly declined it.' Paabniuiazar'a MfitiKiir.i. * There is something nivsti-rious in the histon of these .M-.- moiis, which aic iiddre-scd.. in an iionical d( dication, to Fre- (kiick I'nnce of Waits. Only one \oluuif of the work appeared ; and uiielher a;iv more ^vere real!) intt.nded is un(_er;ain. Onii thou-and coj)ic-, of it were jirintcd, \'.ilii such \tiy great dis- ]iai(l:, tha three prinli.T- \\<;-t ;:..]!. )\ed m it {iiov,\er. Wood- fall, and Iti/'-eit.-) ; ;u)(i tlie n.iuu - i;f an uuLonma^n nuuiber of ie])Utabii; buokseUinnotationibus et Observationibus illustrata :" by " An Experi- mental Inquiry concerning some Parts of the Animal Structure," 1740 ; "An Inquiry into the Exility of the Vessels of the Human Body," 1743; and his two ^olumes, published in 1782 and 1791, Intituled, " De Morbis quibusdam Commentarii," &c. He ako published, " The Works of the late Clifton Wintringham [hi lather]. Physician at York, now collated and published entire, with large Additions ft-om the original Amendments," in 2 \ols, 1752. In domestic life be was good-natured, affable, and en- dearing; in conversation polite, hvcly, and entertuitiing; in his jriendship steady and jdfectionate. With regard to his political jientiments, he was a tme Englishman, upon piinciples of loyalty and rational liberty. With respect to rehgion, he was, without bigotry or su])erstition, a sincei-e Christian. He died at Hiun- juersmith, after a lingering illnets, Jan, 9, 1794, at the age of 5^4 ; and, as he lived uni\eTsally beloved, he died sincerely 1^- H/ented. Gent. Mag. \ol.LXl\'. p. 92. -fc Ui' whoiu see vol I. p. 4j1 " Relative 1733-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. . ^5 *' Relative Holiness, a Sermon preached by Wil- liam Richardson *, M. A. from Exod. iii. 5. on the Consecration of the new Parochial Qhurch of St. John's Southvvark ;" 4to. " The Duty of non-conforming to the World ; a Sermon preached at Oxford, by Thomas Cock- man -f-, D. D. Master of University College, on Rom. xii. 2." 8vo. Dr. Jebb's edition of the " Opus Majus" of Friar Bacon ; folio. Two hmidred and fifty copies of the " Notitia Parliamentaria," so far only as relates to the Borough of Windsor; a single sheet :[: in folio. " A Catalogue of Mr. Browne Willis's Gold Coins ," by Mr. Vertue. " Milner's Journal of the Duke of Marlborough's Marches," for Colonel Montague, 8vo. Dr. Middleton s Treatise " on the Power of the Church." * Of whom an account will be given in tlie " Essays ami Illus- trations" iu vol. V. N" VI. t M. A. July 6, 1697. He was installed Master, Dec. 14, 1722. Afterwards the Vice-chancellor and Heads of Houses, being^ sup- posed Visitors, declared the election null, and, Dec. 17, William Denison was by a new election declared Master. Thereupon commenced a hiw-.^uit. After six years, the King bein^ found to be Visitor, ordered the cause to be tried befoie three Bis hops (Oxfyiti, Bristol, and Pelerboi-ough) ; and it was at last deter- mined in favour of Mr. Cockmtn. Gutch's Halls and Colleges, p. 54 ; Appendix, p. S30. He t(X)k the degrees of B. and D. D. June 14, 1733: and died in 1744. " Select Theological Dis- courses, by Dr. Cockman," were published in 2 xols. bvo. 1750. J This single sheet of " The Notitia Parliamentaria" is now become a curiosity. See vol. I. p. 428. Of this Catalogue I have seen two copies, one in the col- lection of Dr. Ducarel, the other in Mr. Tutet's. Both these copi(!6 were in large folio, on which size 100 were printed, and 100 in a smaller folio. r!)e title of it is, " A Table of the Gold Coins of the Kings of England. By B. VV. Esq. a Member of the Society of Antiquaries." The two engraved plates of silver and gold coins ha'' been published by the >Socii,ty in 1732 3 ami this Catalogue appears to have been drawn up Ijy .Mr. W illis, to illus- trate tile plate of gold coiii'^, and was i)rintcd at the expence of Mr. Vertue. An account Of whom fM-K the " E-says and lUu -'.i-atious/' vol. V. No. VII. tlie 1733.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3.7 the Bellus Homo et Academicus spoken at the late Public Act at Oxford ; addressed to the Ladies *." * The Latin Poem is printed in Mr. Bowjer's " IMiscellaneous Tracts," p. 80. A prose translation of tlie beginning; of it was inserted in a j)amphlet called " The Oxford Act, A.D. 17383" and tlie following slight attempt to imitate a part of it was an even- ing's task enjoined by Mr. Bowyer to lus present Biographer^ then at the age of 16' : Dialogue between a Beau and a Scholar. Beau. What ! still attaeh'd to Ix'aining's dangerous lore ? You 're surely erai'd ! Attend the dame no more ! Schola'^tic toil^ forsake, and qviit those rules VVhich bind in chains the reasoning of the Schools Scholar. Heyday ! 'o warm ! who can this prattler be ? Is this discour.-e, kind sir, address'd to me ? Go(xl hea\ ens ! my dear Philario, Ls it you ? Forgive me ; for my fi-iend I scarcely knew. But tell me, whence this change ? this mincing gait ? And why this garb, .o studiously neat ? Say, from what clime these fa-^hions have you brought ? \Vliat foirign land this miracle has \vrought ? Blau. A traveller's search, my dearest friend, explores Realms far remote from Britain's vulgar shores. Tlu)se climes 1 've seen where Spring ettrnal reigU'i, And those where Sol ne'er glads the desert plains. <^)ft where the golden fruit of Tagus shines, W here mellowing grapes surcharge the blushing vino*, ^^ ith pleasui"C have I stfay'd ; as often stood \\ here frosts eternal bind th' astonisli d Hood In gelid channels ! Nor in vain mv toil ; Full well 1 know each country's difkrent soil; My skiU can trace each rivulet's secret course. Each cuirent't spiing, each mightier torrent's force. Scholar. Perhaps, if femalefl were to judge the cause, I.jib()urs like these might meet with just applause j Their gentle judgments, innocently bUnd, Implicit faith for ev'ry traveller find : Tlie happier few, v\ith penetration blest^ Tlic fool at once discover and detest. Beau. If sprightly Nymphs and raptur'd Beaux applaud. Let peevish -Age declare the trutii a fr.uid ; Let Schoolmen scot!, or sage Logician^ frown, A feiuale smile shall weigh the balance down '. ' J , ScwOLAI. S8 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iTSS- The original Poem was published under the title of " Bellas Homo et Academicus. Kecitarunt in Theatro Sheldoniano ad Coinitia Oxoniensia, 1733, Lodovicus Langton et Thomas Barber, Collegii Scholar. But tell me (since ymi "ve sctn each foreign coast) What precious stores can Jtarned GalHa boast ? Or say what treasures Italy imparts, The niother and the nurse of social arts ? What biass or Parian statues noblest shine ? Wliat anticnt tomb^ or coiisecrated shrine ? What stately column, scorning vales below ? What animated scenes on canvas glow ? Tell me what share of praise, or what of blame. These \enerable reliques justly claim ? Beau. A comfortable task for youthful Squires To view the crest-falln renmants of their sires j Oiir age, oar afiiuence, and untutor'd ways. Demand luxurious nights, and social days ! I own, indeed, some modern portraits shine, 'DiLCO\cring gi-andeur, elegance, design ; Bat (horrid thought !) can worn-out paintings please. Can mouldering fragments charm the sense like lliese ? C'iP- proud antiques, those dear-bought, trifling toy?. Resemble hapjacr youth's substantial joys ? C an time-worn statues sueli a value hear, Or musty coins preserv'd w ith studious care ? 'Tk- strange that men of greatest learning prize A face adorn'd with neither nose nor eyes ; Such 1 ha'^e often seen a Monarch's head, 1 think 'twas Nero's No charms like the^ie my soaring genius sought ; Far ditf" rent scenes engag'd m}- ev'ry thought. Scholar. What mighty reason promj.ted you to \ icw The fail' Jt-ilian regions, since on you Their gieatest pride Mas Io>t, the grand rcmaiiis. The curious marks of Roman taste and pains ? Be At. Mere empty trifles rather ! lliynks to Heaven, INiy time to more important cares was given ! The tuneful ciiorus gladden'd every hour ; The mazy dance display'd its magic ptiwcr ; Love, wine, and joy, maintain'd alternate sway .; Love erowr.'d the night, and Pleusuie bles^'d tlie daj . * * -^ * * x Catcra dc^unf. 1/33.] THE EIGHTEENTH CEVTURY. I)iv. Magd, Commen sales. By W. Hasle;peech was printed, in 1734, under the title of " An Oriitiou sicken in tlie Theatre at Oxford, at the Public Act, 17.'13, by Peter I'l-sincis Courayer, I). 1). Translated from the Latin, by a Gentleman of the Uni- ver^it} of Oxford," 8vo. X This pam[)hlet contiiins two caricature portraits of Courayer, in a white dress, and a bell in liie hand ; and in a c<)py of it whicli Mr. Bindley possesses it is insciibed to the Duke of Mon- ta^i'e. Dr. Coui-ayer was a Roman Catholic Cler^nian, re- markiible for his moderation, charity, and temixn', concerning; reUjijious aflah's ; and was presented l)y the University of Oxford with a Doctor's degree, on the 2Hi\i of August, 1727. foi" Ids masterly " Defence of Knylish Ordinations." As it is sometlunj^ \mcommon for a Roman Catholic Clerfiyman to be admitted to degrees in Divinity by Protestant lJni\er>^ities, the ciu'ious may be gratiiied with a sight of tlie dii)loma, by referring to " Tlie Present State of the Republick of letter-, for .Tune, 17'28," j). 458; where they \\ill also tind (p. 487) the Doctor's answer, which ii written with moderation, charity, and temper In 1728 wii pubUshed, "A Letter froui the Reverend lather Courayer, D. D. to the Reverend William Whiston, in Answer to his Letter concern- ing the holy Oitler of the TerlnHijunltta in A-^ia Minor, being Father Courayer's first Es-.ay in the Kngii.'h Tongue. To which is prefixed, a sketch of the Habit of the Teitidlvaniles, which the curious will not be soitv to see. Printed fur tlie Author ; and sold by the Booksellers of Ivjndon arul Westminster, 17'2S." This very pious Divine was born at Vernon in \unuaned between the Arch- bishop and the late Dr. Du Pin of the Sorbonne. The Arch- bishop sent him exact copies of the proper records, attested by a Notaiy-public ; and on those he built his Defence of the Eni:li^h Ordination-i, which was published in Holland in the year 17'-7. The original j)ape!N, which the Archbi-ho]) >eut over to D-('ed eoneeinlnt-, the teniiii of a projtrted reconciliation between the Churehe.-. of Franc 40 MTERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7S3. France and England, were in the possession of the late Re\-. ();*- miind Beauvoir, master of the King's school at Canlei-buiy, whose father was chaplain to the English enibass\' at Paris, and through his hands the correspondence with Abp. Wake was cairiod on. Some of the lettci"S ai'e published in tlie " Biographia Britannica," article Wake. The author of " The Confcss>i- ginal conespondence with Mr. Beauvoir is printed ; winch De- fence by Dr. Maclaine was replied to, and ans^vered by the wri- ter of '* Occasional Remarks upon some late Strictures on the Confessional, Part II. 176"9 ;" in which Remarks it is prcsmned (but this may be matter of opinion) the original charge against Abp. Wake is confinned by his own letters, v^ hich Dr. Maclaine has produced, notwithstanding they were furnished by Abp. Seeker with a contrary design. The Cardinal De Noailles being highly offended with Dr. Courayer's book, the Marshal De No- ailles, his brother, endeavourai to pacify him, and restore Cou- rayer to his favour 5 but without success. While the danger of a prosecution, or rather a persecution, was depeivding, it was thought most adviseable that he should take refuge in l-^ngland ; but he was in so little haste on this occasion, that he made a slow journey to Calais in a stage-coach ; and N\as d-.-taiacd there some time by a contraiy w ind, so that he rniglit easily have been apprehended. However, he got safe to England, wliere be A\;ts well received j but he complained to Abp V^'akc, that it was a bad countiy for a religious m;'n to ve-idc in, bcau-^e of the un- happy differences in Religion, by which mutual 'hority is de- stroyed 3 and the liberty wiiich many take of speaking agaiiist the doctrines of Cliristianity, and corrupting 1 he minds of the peo- ple. " His upright fortitude in declaring hi> seiitinients," Dr. Maclaine says, " obliged him to seek an ;is}luni in Enicland ; and, notwithstanding the persuasion of (he absTuditic? Avhich abotmd in the Church of Ronic, he ne\er totallj- ^tparatt^d iiim- 4f from its communion." Erom a letter of Bp. Attcrbury, we learn that that Prelate was e!iposc5= of well-doing, more than with all the flogies that naturally attend your benevolence, you refuse to admit even the jastest acknovvledgtnents ; and, to .save tho>e voii .succour, as far ;is possible, the ;!iblishing their mi-forfunes, by the n < ital of vour grace and clemency, V0.1 seek or.ly the divine 5'ti;'ii^ioii to two hvindre^ pounds ; and, bv the ^;^ie of the uoik, he raiM ri liueeu himdred poimdn more. He gave l(i()()i. to Lon' FeverMhiun, for an annijity or lot)/, which he enjoy d for fifty \e:us. Tlri.-i he io-c, by degp-es, to ve. y efisy eireuni-^anees ; v, iiieh were made still more so bv the reception wiutli hi.n agi al)le and edifying # onver^afion procmed him among gie;ir jxople, witli niany of .vhom it was his custom to live for .-i-\' lui in"n'hs at a 'i'lie. il' iuid two .'isterS; who were mm^ ; antl in 177*' had a br tt'xr hMj.- j4r? LITERARY ANECDOTES or [l733- ^ving at Paris- in the profesfeion of the Law, to wliom he gave a handsome g<^d snuff-box, which had been presented to him by <2ue>4i Caroline. Courayer's works were many, and all in French. ;^He translated Slei^an's History of the Reformation ; and >vTote a second De- fence in support of his fii-st, against the arguments of tJie Jesuits, Father Hai*duin, Cardinal Tencin, &c. In discoursing about religious subjects, he was reserved and cautious, avoiding cou- trovei-sy as much as possible. He never had any good ojiinion of Bower, who came ovei" hither to wiite his History of the Popes : he accused him of pretending to collect from books which he had never seen ; and said he w:is a dark mysterious man, of a veiy suspicious character. Soon after his retirement to England (it is said) he went to a priest of the Romi8h Chiucli for Confession, and told him who he was. The priest dared not take his confession, because he was excommunicated : but advised him to consult his Superior of Gene^'ieve. What was the issue of this application, we know not ; but it is certain that, when in JLondon, he made it his practice to go to mass ; and, when in tjie country at Ealing, whither he frequently retired for piivacy, he constantly attended the service of the paiish-church, declar- ing, at all times, that he had great satisfaction in the prayers of the Chuich of England. The Jesuits were his worst enemies y yet, when that Order was suppressed, his great hvimimity la- mented the fate of many poor men, who wei-e thrown out of iheir bread, and cast, in a helpless state, upon the wide world. He died October 17, 1776", after two days illness, at the great age of 95 ; and, at his own desire, was buried in the ^tmth cloister of VVestminster-abbey ; where, directly over the effigies of abbot Vitalis, is the following inscription, the production of the late Rev. John Kynascou* j by whose friendship a more ac- * Son of Humphry Kj'naston, citizen of Chester (descended from a yoiin^-'T branch of the Kynastons of Bronjjuin, in the county of Montgromery). He was born at Chester, Dec. 5, 1728; admitted a conmiooer in Brazen Nose college, Oxford, March 20, 1746; elected scholar on the foundation of Sarah Duchess Dowager of Somerset, in the said college. Aug-. 1 of the same year; took tlie degree of B. A. Oct. 16, 1749 ; was elected fellow June i4, 1 751 ; ami took the degree of ,M. A. June 4, 17,'i2. He obtained no small reputation by n Oratinncula, intituled, " De Impietate vL Comelio Tacito falso ohjectata : Oratio ex Insstituto Viri cl. Francisci Bridgman, Militis, habita in Sacello Collegii BLnn Xasi Oxon. Fesr.o Sancti 'I'honia', Decembrjs 21, A. D. 1761, a J. K. A. M. Coll. cjusdem Socio;'' in which he endeavoured to disprove the false .illeg^ations (for such he really thought tliem) of Famianus Strada (that excelleni critic, and most elegant writer) against Tacitus, on that very hack- nied topick, hi.s daring impietV) and sovereign conU^npt of the Supreme. In 1764 he published " A Collection of Papers relative to the Prosecution now carrying on in the Chancellor's Court in Oxford, against Mr. Kynastoii, by Matihew Mnddock, Clerk, rector of Cotworth and IJolywell, in the County of Huntingdon, and Chaplain to his Grace of Manchester, for the Charge of Adultery alledged against the said Matthew Maddock ;" 8vo. From the dale 'jf ih'S publication (the cause of which operated too severely on his high sense of honour aVid ingenuousness of heart) he resided, in not the best state of health, at Wican principally, loved and respected by a few select friends ; .^mongst 'nhom th'^ writer of this article is hagpv to place himslf. Though be 1733-1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 43 cui*ate copy of it than that upon the monument (which was put up too hastily before the author's last revisal) was first preseuled \.o the publick in the first edition of these '' Anecdotes:' " H. S. E. anuis morumque integiitate juxtk reverendus Petkus Franciscus C'ourayer, Ccenobii de Sanctd Genoveva dicti apud lu'bem Lutetiam Paiisioixim regrdaris olim Canonicus. Vir, si quis alius, de Ecclesi^ atque Politic Anglicana animo pariter ac scriptis, optime meritus : quipjie qui Episcopalium jus adininistrationmn, jaindiu a Pontificiis acerrime impugnatuni huic eidem Ecclesi et Gallus ipse, et Pontificius, inviclA arg^mlentoI^lm vi asseruit et vindicavit ; quique adeo, ob id vindicandum, pulsus jam patri&, j)rofngu3 omnibusque demum exutus fortunL?, })ac in urbe quwrebat assylum, et inveniebat ibique per annos prope quinquagrnta hoaesta; mentis otio egregius fruebatur exul> bonoruui omnium delicia? vivus, onuiium commune desiderium. Obiit ([uixitudecima die Octobris anno post natum Chi'istimi mdcclxxvi^ post se natum xrv. Iliiic tali taiitoque Viro marmor hoc, amoiis sui monimentum, |)Osueie Amici, cui famam marmorc j)erenniorem peperit defeasa \eritas, refutarus error." In his iast will, dated Feb. 3, 177-4, proved at Doctors Com- mons Oct. *34, 177^>, he declares, " that he dies a member of tiic Catholic Church, but without ap[)ro\ing of m^uiy of the <>j)inions ailtl su})erstitions which have been introduced into the Jlouii.>h ( liurch, and taught in their schools and seminaries, and whicii they have insisted on as articles of faith, though to him thev apjxiar to be not only not founded in truth, but :dso to he higidy improbable. ' He left 5(K)/. to St. Martin'.-, pari.-?l, and ::h of St. .Margaret* Westminster, in which Im dit'd ; a hancLome sum of money to the poor of Vernon in Xor- li'- )|p\(r h;i, Mr. Kynastrm hid the ini>fortuiie to break liis left arm, near tlie shoulder. The bwnes, >i\vcvr h^vin.; I)ecn properly replaced, he wuj tai-'iitrhl out of danger i but, tj eij at W ;;au ill iLe J'lue following;. mandy. 44 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l733. mandy, xvhefc he w.i-s bora ; ami, after many legacies to his friends in England, the reet and residue to two uei)he\vs of his name at Vernon. ITie prineij)al part of this article is taken fi'om " Observations in a Journey to Paris," an entertaining little vork, in two volumes, small 8vo, 1777, by the Ilev. W. Jones, B. A. then rector of Pluekley, in Kent ; of whom f-ee vol, IV. p. 1)1 ; and the account of Dr. Couraycr was connimni- catcd to this intelligent traveller by James Smyth, e^.q. of Upper Grosvenor-strect. The picture of Dr. Courayer, mentioned in p. 41, wasgi^en by Bp. Atterhiu'v's will to the Univei-sity of Oxford, and is now in the Bodleian Libraiy. There is also a small oval j)ortrait of him by-Elizabeth Gulston, from a painting of Hamilton, in- gcribed, " Pierre Fmncis Courayer, who w;is bani,->hed France for viTiiing in defence of the English Ordination. He was born at Rouen, Nov. 17, ICSl, and is .still living. Pnbli.shed June 1, 1744." [Mr.s. Gulston was the wife of Jo.'-eph Gulston, esq. of Ealing Grove, Middlesex, a celebrated collector of Briti.->h por- traits. This Lady etched .several other jjoitraits, as may be .^ecn in Bromley's Catalogue, which she gave away to her husband's friends.] Mr. Markland, in a letter to Mr. Bowycr, Sept. 29, 174G, says, " iMr. Clarke has given me Fathei' Courayer's Translation of ihe History of the Coimcil of Trent ; m ith who.-se IVeface I am i-o greatly pleased (having just now read it) that if he be no more a Papist in other tenets than he is in those he mentions (w Isich are many, and of the most distinguished class) I daie say there are ^ cry few considei'ate Protestants v\ ho are not as good C a- tholics as he is. If you have not read it, you ha\ e a great plea- sure to come," Bp. Hare had given that copy of Courayer to Mr. Clarke. Notwithstanding the excellence of ( ouruyer's work, there is reason to regret that an Engli.^h Translation, wiiicii was begim in 17'^8, and some sheets of it actually piinted oH", was not proceeded with. This assertion will be readily credited, wlien I add that it was undertaken by Dr. Jonxsox. 'J'he part that was printed luus long since been concerted into waste paper, and (unfortunately) not a single copy of it is known to have Ijcen preserved. An earlier Translation had been })ut)lished by Sir N. Brent in 1G16. See the article of Cave, in the Illustrations of vol. V.N" I. Soon after thi.-^ article had appeared in the former edition, a curious little work was pub!ishe validity of English Ordinations,' and Translator of ' llij Hi.-tory of tiie Council of Trent,' by h'ru. Paolo Sarjii, and of ' The Histoj^ of the Reformation,' by J History of all the Roman Transactions in Britain, with an Account of their Legionary and Auxiliary Forces employed here, and Determination of the Stations per lineam valli ; also a large Description of the Roman Walls, with Maps of the same laid ssor Ward, now in the British Muyum,'*' fc^ys .\b'. Gou^li, ' \vhich nultai wau uii copied iuid uut-niented witll 48 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l734 " Explanatory Notes and Remarks on Paradise Lost ; by Jonathan Richardson, Father and Son. With the Life of the Author, and a Discourse on the Poem, by Jonathan Richardson *, Senior ;" 8vo. with ofhers from different quarters, as well as my own, I had thoughts of re-publLshiug the book j but, havinj^ turned my thoughts to otlier modes of illustrating our National Antiquities, and obsening how incorrect the copies of the inscriptions were, and how much more correctly later-disco\ered inscrijjtions have been given to the publick, I leave the idea to sonic abler hand, if our National Antiquities in so remote a periotl arc not bccnmo unfashionable." The plates of Horsley's Britannia Romana re- mained in the hands of Mr. E. Randall, who married one of his daughters, and was clerk to a merchant in the Old South Sea House. In 176"3, they were offered to the Society of Antitiuaries. About the year IJdO, when they were at Mi'. Major's, late en- graver, St. Martin's-lane, he asked Mr. Gough lOOl. for them, who offeretl twenty guineas as their utmost worth. They were offered to Dr. Giffoi'd, of the British Museum, for the latter sum, 1780 5 at which time he kept a school at Loudon Wall. Jan. 30, 1781, Dr. Gower had an idea of purchasing them at twenty guineas, the j)rice asked in 1769 ; " if he could have acquired the copy-right of the book ;" and would " h^ve re-pub- lished it with additions, had he been sure of a return." In De- cember 1784, the Editor of these "Anecdotes" would ha^c given Inore than double that sum for them ; but they were unluckily melted down about two hours oidy before he had an opportunity of making the offer. * 'I'his was a joiiit pu]:)licat;on of the two Richardsons, father and son ; the former a celebrated painter, the latter a con- noisseur. Both of them were, at the time of this publication, eminent for their skill in painting, and the books they had written on that subject (see vol. I. p. 158) ; and it is but justice to the memoiy of Hogarth to add, that he destroyed the j)L\te there mentioned ; and recalled the prints. 'J'he present work was given as a specimen of their judgment in Poetry, and ability as Commentatoi's. Mr. Richardson, as Dr. Johnson "^ays, " ia. How better known by his books than his pictures ; tho\igh las colouring is allowed to be masterly. " Jonathan Richarilson was undoubtedly one of the best English painter,^ of a head that had appeared in this country. There is strength, roimdness, and boldness, in his coloining ; but his men want dignily, and has women giacc. The good sense of the Nation is characterized in his portraits. You see he lived in an age when neither en- tliusiasm nor servility was predominant ; yet, with a pencil so firm, possessed of a nmuerous and excellent collectioi of draw- ings, fidl of the tiicory, and profound in reilections on liis art, lie drew nothing well below the head, and was void of imagina- ^on. The altitudes, draperies, and back-grounds, are totally insipid 17S4.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 49 " The History of Osman I. Emperor of the Turks, and the Empress of Aphendina Ashada ; translated from the French by J. Wilhams, Esq. insipid and unmeaning : so ill did he apply to his own practice the sagacious rules and hints he bestowed on others. Though he >vrote with hre and judgment, his paintings owed little to either. l\o man dived deeper into the inexhaustible stores of Raphael, or was more smitten with the native lustre of Vandyck ; yet, though capable of tasting the elevation of the one, and the ele- gance of the otlier, he could never contrive to see with their eyes when he was to copy nature himself. One wonders that lie could comment their works so well, and imitate them so little. He quitted business himself some years before his death ; but his tern})erancc and virtue contributed to protract his life to a great lengtli, in the full enjoyment of his understanding ; and iu the felicity of domestic friendship. He had had a paralytic stroke that atfected his aim, yet never disabled him from his customary walks and exercise. He had been in St. James's Park, and died huddenly, at his house in Queen-square, on his return home. May 28, 1745, when he had passed the 80th year of his age. He left a son, and four daughters ; one of whom was married to his rlisciple, Mr. Hudson, and another to Mr. Grcgson, an attorne\ . The taste and learning of the son, and the harmony in which he Tned v.ith his father, are visible in the joint works they com- j)Osed. The father, in 17H>> published two Discourses : 1. "An Kssay on the whole Art of Criticism, as it relates to Painting ;"' '2. " An Argument in Behalf of the Science of a ConnnJNseur - 3" bound in one volume octavo. In 1722 came forth "An Accoiint of some of the Statues, Bas-reliefs, Drawings, and Pictures, in Italy, &c. with Remarks, by Mr. Richaiclson sen. and jun." The son made the journey; and from his notes, letters, ant! olj- scrvations, they both at his leturn compiled this valuable work. As the father was a foiinal man, with a slow but loud and son- orous voice, and, in truth, with some aliectation in his manner j and, as there is much singularity in his style and expre.-.-ion, those ])eculiarities, for they were scarce foibles, struck MUjHilicial readers, and, between the laughers and the envious, (he book WiLs much ridiculed. Yet both this and the foinier are full of matterf, good-sen.-e, and instruction; and the \eiy (|uainttu>-- of .*ome expressions, and their laboured ncnelty, shew the dilJiculty the autlioi- had to convey mere visible ideas tlu'ough tlie niediuin of language. Those works remind one of (ibher's iniinilai)le tn a- tise on the stage. W hen an author writes (jn lii.i own j)i(ife-'ioiij feel.- it [)r()foundIy, and is sen.-ible his readers do not, he is not '^- \\f U:\h. Wi, tliat brjiii; in search of a pr(i])( r tcrtii fui tlii.s si-'u'in r. Me, I'rior liri)|)Osi'(J to name it Ciiiinuis (tncr ; Init tlial wmd lia.^ li"t (jbl.iin.il |)OS<;(,ssiori, as rn;;/;;;/.. i/7(r lias. f- 'Mioir rriticisijis on ttic worki of r.ajili,'.' 1 and Miclucl .lii^'clo, at Koiii- ai>- rcninrka'iily u'^'utc and iiidicioii;.. \'oi, II 1" o;.!v S'O LrriRARY ANECDOTES Of [l734. A considerable number of single Plays, for i\Ir. Tooson, in l2mo. n us here and there in his works, excite no curiosity for more ; though he informs us in his Milton, that if Painting was his wife, Pnetiy had been his secret concubine. It is remarkable tint another Commentator of Milton has made the same confc-^sion. sunt et tnlhi carmbia, )e quoqiie diaint Vatcm pastores ?avs Dr. IJentify. Neither the Doctor nor the Painter adds, sftl non p;:o rreduJis illis, though all their readers are ready to supply it for both. " Besides his pictures and commentaries, we ha%e a feu- etcli- mgs by hLs hand, particularly two or three of Milton, and h! own head. ^TL'he sale of liis collection of (lra\\ing>. in Febniaiy 1747, lastefl eighteen days, and produced about 20f)OZ. his pic- tures about 7OOZ. Hudson, his son-in-law, bought many of the drawings. After the death of the son, in 1771, the remains of ihe father's collection were sold. 'Iliere. were hundreds of por- 'raits of both in ehalks by the father, with the dates when exe- cuted ; for after his retirement from business, the good old man ;,eems to have amused himi^f^lf with writing a short poem, ami drawing his own or his son's portrait, every day. 7 be son, equally tender, had marked several witii expressions of ailectioik r.n his dear father. There were a few pictures iind drawings by the son, for he painted a little too " Lord Orford's Works, '4to, vol. III. p. 413. In June 1776 was publi.shcd an octavo vohunc of Poems (and anf>ihcr promised) by Joiiathan Richardson .senior, with notea by his son. They are chicHy moral and religious rof ditations. Sow and then there is a picturesque line or image ; but in ge- neral the poetry is vcr)' careless and inditl'erent : yet such a pic- ture of a good m.ind, sertne in conscious innoeeaee, is scarcely to be found. It is impossible liot to love the author, or not to WJ::)i I734] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. $1 *^ Letters and Remains of the Lord Chancellor Bacon ; collected by Robert Stephens *, Esq. ; late Historiographer Royal/' 4to. wish to be as sincerely and intentionally virtuous. The book 'u perhaps moi'e capable of inspiring- emulation of goodness than any professed book of devotion^ for the author perpetually de- scribes tlie peace of his mind, from the satisfaction of havmsj ne\er deviated from wliat he thought right. * Fourth son of Richard Stephens, esq. 5 of the elder house of that name at Eastington in Gloucestershire, by Anne the eldest daughter of Sir Hugh Cholmley, of Whitby, in Yorkshire, baionet. His first education was at VVotton school, whence he removed to Lincoln college, Oxford, May 19, 1681. He was entered very young in the Middle Temple, applied himself to the study of tlie common law, and was called to the bar. As he was master of -a nuflicient fortune, it may be presumed that thetemper of his mind, which was naturally modest, detained him fronx the public ex- ercise of his pi'ofession, and led him to the politer studies, and an acquaintance with the best authors, antient and modern ; yet he \\ as esteemed by all who knew him, to ha\c made a great proficiency in the l^w, though History and Antiquities seem to have been his favourite study. When he was about twenty years old, being at a relation's house, he accidentally met with some original lettei-s of the Lord Chancellor Bacon ; and finding that they woidd greatly improve the collections then extant relating to King James's reig-n, he immediately set himself to search for whatevx^r ndght elucidate the obscure passages, and publisiied a complete edition of them in 1702, with useful notes, and an ex- cellent historical introduction. He intended to huve presented his work to King AVilliam ; but, that Monarch dying before it was publL^hed, the dedication was omitted. In the Preface he requested the communication of unpublished pieces of his noble author, to make his collection more complete 5 and obtained in consequence as many letters as formed the second collection pub- lished in 17;M, two years after his death. Being a relation of Robert Harky, Earl of Oxford (whose mother, Abigail, was daughter of Nathaniel Stejihens of E;utington), he was ])retcneii by him to be chief solicitor of the C iLstom~, in which emplo\ nieiit he continued with undiminished reputation till 17"0", when he ^-> ; .S. " On the Death of Qneen Caroline, 1737 ; " The Duty of PuVilic Spirit rei^nnmendcd," from Phil. ii. 4. " On the inu nded Settlement of aCcdony at Georgia." Eleven of Jris "Sermon.- on fccveral Occa-ions" weic also ptiblished in one volume Svo. 174 1. f Son of Richard Bate, vicar of thiliiam, in Kent ; ofJ5enet- college, Cambiidge, B. A. 17'23 ; IM..\. 1727, where he wa- ]re- elected fellow, but reincned to St.. John's, wiiere he became fcliow on an iannediate \a(ancy, anil di^itinguished himself bv his skill iji the Hebrew language. He accompanied the liii;'ht Hon. Horalio \\alpole, in his Enibassv to France, as lii- cliaplain ; and wa-^ made the iii.st rector of the new church of St. Patil lXj)tf()rd, in 17.31. [Had he not also the vicarage of Hougr.ton l'ai\a in Northamptonshire in 1729?] In 17o'2 he published "An !C->av towards a Rationale of the literal Doctrine of Origin;d Sin; a A indication of God's \\ isdoin, Gotxlness, and .Itistice, in permit- ting the Fall of Adam, and the subsetpient Corru])tion of >atin'c:" whieii in 17'>7 lie iej)ublished in a nnich larger octaM) volume. Jk'sides the Sermon noticed above, he published also ."ix others; 1. " The Praetiec of Religion and Virtue, the (mh' ^lu'*^ Found;i- ti)n of Friend.-hi])," :> Kings, x. 15, 1738; 2. " 'i'he Faith and Praclicc oi a Christian the only true Fotuidalion of rational Libeit'. , Juhu 1734.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 53 " Remarks on Spenser's Pcems, and on Milton's Paradise Regained * ;" 8vo. This little volume, though published anonymously, was soon known to be the production of the learned Mr. Jortin, who very modestly thus closes his judicious and instructive Remarks : " What I have here offered on Spenser may be called an Essay, or rough draught of a Commentary, deficient indeed in many points, yet, I fiope, useful and entcrtaiiiinfr to all lovers of this i'oet. Much more might be done ; particularly towards settling the Text, by a careful collation of Editions, and by comparing the Author v\ ith himself; but that required more time and application than I was willing to bestow 'f-S' John \Vn. 36, 1740; 3. '' fluman Learning- useful to tiue Religion, Aetsvii. 2, 1740;" (these two \sere " preached at St. Paul's Dept- foid, Ijelbrc a sel.tt number of gentlemen who styletl themo gi'atitied with wliat he termed a " l'a\ oui'ablc mention of his Remarks," that he sent \o " I'li'' Kepubliek of letters " an additional letter, containing iUi'tlirr Remaii.- on hi- ov, n publication, which appi'ured in .Marc li \'3'', \<'l- IX |'. l7-">; where we are told tliat the publick were obliged to the sane' leaiTied Writer for the " Remaiks on Si urc a," w lii
  • . H.') ; and " the faour nl' lii, (uiilimud eorres])Oudenee ' ua- reuia -ted. t Happily for the publick, l.'iih S]uii~c; {uid Millon Ii.ivc fii\md in tlie Rc\ . Jdhn-ilmiy T'mIiI ;i ( miiiMenlatiir, ulm ii. u pi'ofound knowledge of th( -Mb:e( l -nuitii r cf 1 lie 01 i:.'iii;ib, li;;-. fiiitunate!\ united lei-nre and peise\ cram e l')purnrm I he t;i-!. rfcuuinmeuik'd by Dr. Jortin, 54 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l734^ Montesquieu's " Reflections on the Causes of the Grandeur and Declension of the Romans ; translated from the French *." *' The Usefulness and Authority of the Christian Clergy's Instructions; a Sermon preached Feb. 21, 1733, before the Sons of the Clergy, on Mai. ii. 7, By the Rev. Dr. Mangey ;" being the last single Sermon which he published. " Lettres ecrites de Londres sur les Anglois, et autres Sujets. Par M. Voltaire." A large impression of the Second Volume of Archbishop Tillotson's Sermons. " Some Thoughts concerning a proper Method of studying Divinity. By William Wotton, D. D." 8 vo, " Fables and Tales, from the celebrated La Fon- taine, in French and English. To which is pre- fixed the Author s Life." Colonel Montague's " Journal of the War." Dr. Barrow's " Mathematical Lectures." Dr. Wilkins's " Proposals for printing the Coun- cils."- ^ As a complete Collection of the British and Irish Councils and Constitutions, ^nd other pieces relating to the Ecclesiastical History of England, has long been very much wanted and desired. Dr. Wilkins, Archdeacon of Suffolk, has entered on, and completed that important and laborious work, under the f llowing title : * Concilia Magnae Bri- tannioe et Hiberniije, a Synodo Vernlamensi, A. D. 446, ad Londinensem, A. D. 1717. Accedunt Constitutiones, et alia ad Historian! l^xclesije An- glicanas spectantia.' The Reverend Compiler has spent many years in this work, and made a proper u^e of all the advantages in his power; which have been very considerable. A List of the Contents, published with the Proposals, and filling 42 colunnis in folio, give the publick an assurance that the Doc- tor has taken uncommon pains in the execution of his useful project. We are assured that the whole * Of Uiis work see more particularly under tlie year i7-'5I>- v.'ork 1734'] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 55 work is now ready for the press,, and will begin to "be printed as soon as 250 books shall be subscnl)ed for, and delivered within twelve months after that time. It will consist of about 90O sheets, in four Volumes in folio. Tiie price to Subscribers is six guineas ; three to be paid at the time of subscrib- ing ; the remainder on the delivery of a perfect book in sheets- Such gentlemen as are willing to encourage the undertaking, are desired to subscribe before Lady-day next *." **' Proposals for printing by SubscriptioD, J\\i Histor}^ of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, from his Birth in iGlO to his Death in l6'88. In Avhich will be contained, an Account of the Affairs of Ireland under his (government ; and a veiy va- luable Collection of Lettei-s., written by his Grace, the King, the Secretaries of State, and other great Men of his 'I'iiiie. In Three Volumes in folio. Pty 1 homas Carte, M. A. The Conditions : 1 . This Work will consist of three volumes, amounting to upwards of 400 sheets, and will be printed on the ame paj>er, and with the same letter as the speci- men annexed. 2. The price to Subscril>eTs is three guineas ; one to be paid down, and the other two ujon the delivery of the three volumes in sheets. 3. A number will be printed on royal papcT, at tlie price of six guineas. 4- The work Avili be put to the press in .lulv nes:t (by which time the Author hojies to com[)ute the numl^er of his Subscribers), and will be carried on with all pf>ssible expe Church in Fleet-stre'v t ; \V. Lewis, under Tom's Coflee-house, in Un>sel->lrect, Covent-(iurden ; and Mr. Clements. Bookseller in Oxford f ." * PrcHixt -State f tliC Rcj-uWick of lAttoii, lib ilM. \>. l.'T. } ibid. .May 17 J 1;, p. S^'X 1:.,;.. '^6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l73a 1735. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed, " The Usefulness of Matheniiitical Learning ex- plained ^nd demonstrated. By Isaac Barrow, ]). I), Translated by the Bev. Mr. John Kirk by *." The first edition of Mr. Maurice Shelton's I'rans- lation of Wotton's "Conspectus," &c. of IJr. Ilickes's *' Thesaurus ;" of which a second edition was pub- lished in 1737, where it will be fully noticed, Mr. William Winston's new "Translation of Jo- sephus," folio. Mr. John Whiston's " Catalogue of Mr. ChishuU's I^ibrary." "A Discourse of Fundamentals; being the Sub- stance of Two Charges delivered to the Middlesex Clergy at the Visitations of 1734 and 1735. By Daniel Waterland, D. D." Bp. Bundle's ^ " Sermon on the Anniversary of the Irish Bebellion, 1735;" 4to. * Of St. .Tohn's college, Cambridge, B.A. 1726"; M. A. 1715. -j- Thomas Rundle, of Exeter college, Oxford, B.A. 17 lO, was chaplain to Bj). Talbot, archdeacon of A^ ilt.s, and treasurer of Sarumj ])rcbcndary of Durham 1720} rector of Ledgeford 1722; LL. I). 1723 j master of Sherburn hos])ital 1727. He was re- commended to the King, in November 1734, by Lord Chancellor Talbot for the bishoprick of Gloucester (on the death of Bp. Sy- dall) 3 but the appointment was strenuously opposed by Bp. Gib- fron, from a notion of the Doctor's being a Deist, founded on fiome unguarded expressions which had been liropjjcd by him fcome years before in a private conv( rsation, at Avhich Mr. Venn (who was the informer). Dr. Stebbing, &c. were ])resent. In consequence of this o})position, the Lord Chancellor was at length induced to withdraw his recommendation. Dr. Benson was promoted to the English bishoprick ; and Dr. Kundle, in Feb. 1734-5, to the rich bishoprick of Deny in Ireland. He p\!blished three other single Sermons : 1. "^ On the Fifth of No- Acmber, I7IH;" 2. "A Sermon preached at St. George'.s, Hanover- square, Feb. 17j 1733-4, reconmiending the Charity for estab- li-^hing the new Colony of Georgia, 1734;" 3. " Before the fn- ci.rpoiatcd Society for Engii>li Protestant Schools, 1730'.' The b( -t ;ue!au)t of !'i>ho]) Bundle's {n'incijjle.- is to be seen in two of l-i-i "wy k iters, which are ],.rintcd by l\lr. Duncombe ; one, "'.\'. i, >., wiitten imm< '" v'y after his disap])ointment at (.' ...(-tcr; the o i> pr. is 17-10. He died April 14, 1743. ; -, ivu 2.j,C'J';'. ;:. i-uxiv oi ids fortune^ to Mr. John Talbot, lijirt! 1735.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 57 " Nineteen Sermons on several Occasions ; pub- lished from the Originals, and never before printed. By John Rogers *, 1). D. late Vicar of St, (iiles's Cripplegate ; Sub-dean and Canon of Windsor, and Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty. To which is prefixed the Author's Life ; with an Eu- logium written by John Burton -f-, D. D. Fellow of Eton College," 8vo. " The Chace, a Poem^ bv William Somervillet, Esq." 8vo. third son to his patron the Lord Cliancellor. An elegant com- jjlimcnt is paid to this Prelate in Lord Lyttelton's " Persian Jitters," Lett. ^9; and see the Life of VVhiston. A small coUec- lection of Bj). Rundle's Letters to Mrs. Barbara Sandys of Miser- den in Gloucestershire, with " Introductory Memoirs," was puh- Jished by Mr. Dallavvay in \7^^ ; <->t which see some particulars in (ient. Mag. vol. LIX. p. (i29. * Author of "A Vindication of the Civil Establishment of lleligion ; wlierein some Positions of IMr. Chandler, tlie Author of Literal Scheme, ^c. and an anonymous Letter on that subject. are occasionally considered. With an Appendix, containing a Letter from the Rev. Dr. Marshall, and an Answer to the same," 8vo. Four Volumes of his Sermons (as mentioned in vol. I. ]). 9,42) appeared at different times, the titles of which are as follow. 1. " Tlie Neces!sity of Di\ine llcvelation, and the'lViitli of the Christian Revelatioiv asserted, in Eigiit Sermons. 'Itj which is prefixed, a Preface, witii some Remarks on a la(e Book, intituled The Scheme of Litem I Propliea/, !xc. 17'27," S\(); ^. "Twelve Sermons preached on several Occasions, 17. U);" li. " Nineteen Sermons, lie." as above printed ; i. "Seventeen Sermons, l7^iG." ( Of whom a masterly accoimt ajrpcarrd in 177 '. in a l/itin Epistle, intituled, "DeVitilet Moribus .)oham\is llintoiii, S.T.P. Etoneiisis;" of which an epitome w^as given in (ient, Mag. vol. XLl. p. 3()r) ; which 1 would have transcribed, iiad it not been already printed, with improvements, in the tbird vohime ni" the " Bio^rapliia Biitannica ;" where it is properK Ibllmved by ;i well-written life of his ultimate fiitnd Dr. Edward Bentb.uii. - It is very well obseived bv Dr. Kippis, tbal Dr. Kiu-toii, v.Iio vv;is boin at Wembworlh in Devoashiie in \1'JS, and died I'rb. II, 1771. was " an able divine, a sound sc liolar, and .m c-^c client acafk-mick ; and set an U'^eful example to Univi ritv nii!i, vvlu- ther as fellows, tutors, oflieers, or editors ;" and that Dr. Ment- hain, who w.as born in the college at i'Ay, .hily ',',;, 1707, and died Aug. 1, 177^, wits " a di^'linguislied ornanieiu ot" tlu' I Hi- versity of Oxford, of the Church of England, and ol' liic gem ral cau-io of lieligion and Literature." * Mr. Somci'v ilk', of whom Mime intcie^iin'r I'ruiicnl.ii''; oec iiv jnthe Works of Siieu'tu;,'; ami in tlie LeltA-r- uf Ladv i-u\t)oron:i!i, v\;i.v 58 LITERARY ANECnOTES OF [l735- " Eloqnentia Cioeronis, by Mr. Thomas Tamer, of Wye in Kent," 8vo. Captain Hall's " Accownt of the Settlement of Vinrinia." *' The Retributions of Charit)- ; a Sennon preache^I before the I^rd Mayor^ on April 7. 1735- By Richard [ReynoklsJ Lord Bishop of Linrohi*.'* " Linguie Latinie Liber Dictionariu.s Quadripar- titus ; a Latin Dictionary, in Four Parts. I . An English Latin ; IL A Latin classicaf ; IIL A Latin roper; IV. A Latin barbarous. Wherein the atin and Enghsh are adjusted, nith what rare might be, both as to Stfxik of Woi-ds, and Proprietieiv of Sjjeedi. 0|x^ra et Studio Adanii Littleton, S.T.D. Capeliani Palatini -f-/' The Sixth Edition, with liirge Additions and Improvements." was the author of sever?.! pleasing Poesars .- tlif- three prhicipa! oi wiiich^ The Chace, Jlohbinn}, and Field Sports, )iave frequently feeen re-printed ,- and the whole of hi\vTJting6 form part of evejy elcgaut voileetxon of n'lisb Poetry. The short but fjiithfui aifovint of Mr. SaQieiriUe by Dr. Johnscm renders it uixiieeesoary to sjiy more of him here, than that he was an accompJi^hed gen- tleman, an active ai\d skilful sportsman^ and an iisehil jnsticiR oi the pcarc} that he died July 29, 1742, in his 50th ycai' ; and Has buried at Wottoa, nf ar Henley on Avden. He whs the inti- Biate friend of Mr. Sheiislone ; who placed a momnnentai myi* at the I^\asowcs to hi.s memory (engravetl ia Gcni:. Mug. foi Seo- iemlKT IS07), in^cribol ; " Tng'enio et amieitiie G. S. posiiit, Debita spargens lacsyrAa lavilk^jn. vatis ainici. ' * Richard Rfj-nolds, LL.1>. <^tf Trinity-haK^ Carnbyklgc; thaai- cellor of the dioce.se of Peterhorou^hj and in 17iS,, dean of that c-aTlv^-dxalj Bishop nfBanpror 1721; of Ijncoln i7'^3j di'ed Jan. Ii>^ 17 '13. He wiis buried at Huekden, near his wift, the Hon SaraU Iteynoids, xvlio died xApril 7, 1740. The .lhlKi}> fKihli>iKd two. other p;iirc4tr*>n of the Gc-pel, 1737- t Tlic hr-.t (dition of this vaf\iable ^Xovk npp<:ared in ifJTS,. with a dfdleatiort to King f harle;^ the Second. Ihi- kariieil l.^xicogfapher, ie-eended from 'm antient faraifyj ^^a^ Yoni Kuv. h^ i(Jvi7> at H'.tlcj-Owen, of which j>luce his- ia.iiu.'r wit^ mi- 1735] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 59 Captain Ogilvie's " Historic of the Troubles of Great Britain." nister. Educated under Dr. Busby at Westminster-school, li* was chosen student of Christ Chuich, Oxford, in 1647 but ejected by the Parliamentary visitors next year. He became xisher of Westminster-school soon after ; and in 1658 was made second master, having for some time taught school in other places, and, after the Restoration, at Chelsea, of which church he was admitted rector in 16"74. He was made prebendaiy of Westminster the same year } and had liken ise a gi^ant from Charles H. to succeed Dr. Busby in the mustei-ship of that school, for which he was highly qualified. He had been some years before appointed king s chaplain ; and in 1670 accumu- Lited his degrees in Divinity, conferred on him without taking any in arts, on account of his extraordinaiy merit ; in attesta- tion whereof he brought letters from Henchman, Bisho]) of l^ondon, recommending him to the University as a man eminently leai-ned, of singular hxunanity, and sweetness of manners, blame- less and religious Ufe, and also for his exquisite genius and ready faculty in preaching. He was for some time sub-dean of \\'est- niinster 5 and in 1687^ licensed to the church of St. Botolph Al- dersgate, which he held about four years, and tlien resigned it, pt)ssibly on accoimt of some decay in his constitution. He died June 30, 1694, aged 67 years ; and was buried in Ids church at thelsea, where on a square white marble is inscribed, " Hie propl' si turn est coi-pus doctissirai viri et de liteiis optimfe meriti, Adami Littleton, S.T. P. CapeUani llegii, Canonici \\ estmonasterien-Js ; hujus Ecclesiai (per spatiiun xxiv annorum) Rectori.- -, Ciniiibus hujuB parochia- incolis unicb chari : E etirpe antiqufi et veuerabili oiiundi. Obiit ultimo die .lunii 1(>94, anno a; tat is sua; 67." He was an excellent philologist and gnuumarian ; an indcfati pable ri'storer of the l^atin tongue, as appears tioin l)i> Latin Dictionary; and an excellent critic in the (jioek, a Lexicon in which language he laboured much in compUing, but was j^c- vented from linishing by death. He was al-o well skilled in the. Oriental languages, and in Rabbinical learning ; in pro-ci uti(iii of which he exhausted great p::it of his ftirtime, in j)ur( ha.-ii.i; books and manu.script.i from all parts of Europe, A.-siii, and Africa. Some time before his death, he made a .--niall essiy towards facihtating the knowlcdae of the Ih brew, Chaldec, imd Arabic tong\ics ; which, if he had had time, he would hau-. brought into a natrowcr compass. lie was iarther vt i rd in (In- abstriL'^e parts of the niathematits, and wrote a Jircat iiiauv jiiici - concerning mystical nunuratii)n, wiiich canic into llu- handn (.1 lii-s broiher-ia-law. Dr. Hockia. Ik was t.\U(uu.ly clumtalil' ca.-y 6'0 LIlERARV ANECDOTES OV [l735. Mr. Tvvells's * "Answer to the ' Enquiry into the Learnin^r of the Denioniacks." Mr. Thomas Cartel's " Protest and Reasons.'" " Grammatical Treasure." (). what was it? *' Tlie Works of Hildehrand Jacob -|~, Esq. containing- Poems on various Subjects and Occa- sions," 8vo. ensy of access, communicative, affable, facetious in conversation, free from passion, of a strong constitution, and a veneiable ctnmtenance. Besides his Latin Dictionary, he published, I. " Tragj-comcKdIa Oxoniensis, a I^tin Poem on tlie mad Pro- ceedings of the Parliamentary Visitors, 1648," a single sheet, 4to, doubtful. 2. " P;istor metricus, &e. 16'.")8," 4to. (jreek and Latin, 3. " Diatriba in oeto Traetatus distributa," &c. printed with the former. 4. " Elementa Religif)nis, sive (juatuor Capita catechetica totidem Linguis deseripta, in lisum Sehcjlarum, 1658," Sv o, to which is added, 5. " C om})lieatio Radicum in pri- nitev^ Hebra?oruni Lingufi." (>. " Solomon's (iate, or an En- trance into the Church, Ike. 1662," Bvo. Perhaps this title was taken froiii the North gate of Westminster Abbey, so called. 7. " Sixty-one Sermons, 16S0," Svo. 8. " A Sermon at a so- lemn Meeting of the Nati\es of the City and County of Worces- ter, in Bow-church, London, June '24, 16H0," 4to. 9. " Pre- face to Cicero's Works, I>ond. 1681," 2 vols, fob 10. "ATran:^- lation of Selden's 'Jani Anglorum F'acies altera,' with Notes, published urwler the name of Redman Westcote, 168.>," folio. With this were printed three other tracts of Scldoi, \i/. his " T)eati^e of the Judicatme of Parliaments, kc." " F^iiglands Ejnnouiis." " Of the Disposition of Intestates' (iood.-'.'" 11. " 'I'tie l>ife of I'hemistocles, fi'om the (ireek, ' in the first vol. of Phi- tarch's Lives, bv several 'nands, 1687, 8vo. lie also published, ' Dissertatio Epistolaris de Juramento JMedieonira qui OI'XO:^ 'irrnOKPATOr:^ flicitur, ivic." as also "A Latiji luseiiption, in Prose and Verse, intended for tlie Monument of tiie I'iie of London, in Se}>t. 1666." This is ])rinted at the end of his J)ictionary ; as is likewise an elegant e])ist]e to Baldwin Ha- jiuy, M.J). ^ OC whom see before, \()\. I. p. 466. In a MS Icttt r to Dr. Z. (rre\'. Ml'. T\v(lls sa}s, " I ha\e been here some time, piiutitig a >ecoi)d \ indication of St. Matthew, against a new pei t'onuanci' of niv Old Ad\er.-aiy on that subject. He tells me, it shall not be in niv power to pro\oke him to v\rite any m(He; but 1 ha\T' Incu faiilv tiving iiis patience in that res))ect j and next wck my scriblde will come down to you, with another for Dr. Waterland, which }Ou will excuse the trouble 1 siiall give you of con\e\ing to him." -|- 'I'liis gentli man was descended from Sir .lohn Jacob, of Bromley, oik; of the farmers of the Customs, who was created a baronet June IL 1661, His iiither, Hildcbraud liacob, esi|. di<-d 1735-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 6l " Epistle to a Person of Quality/' and " Epistlt- to Mother Lodge," both single Poems, in folio, by Mr. Hildebrand Jacob. Proposals for printing Mr. Bridget's " History and Antiquities of Northamptonshire *," " The Art of Dancing explained bv Reading and Figures ; whereby the Manner of performing the Steps is made easy bv a new and familiar Method ; being the original Work-j- first designed in the Year (lied June 3, 1739 ; and his gTandfather, Sir John Jaco"b. March 31, 1710; when Hildebrand succeeded to the title of baronet. He vviis a very extraordinai y character. As a 2:enorul .scholar, he was exceeded Ijy few ; in liis know ledge of the He- ])!cw language he scarcely had an equal. In the earlier part of his life, one custom which he constantly followed was Aery remarkable. As soon as the roads became pretty good, and the line weather began to set in, his man w;is ordered to pack up a few things in a jiortmanteau, and wiih these his msister and himself set oif, without knowing whilhcr they were going;. \\ hen it drew towards e\cning, thev enquired at the first \Lllag, 17-''^;' eon.-isli)!^- of three ComccUe-; 1. " 'l"li<' Wrodigal ll( formed; ' 'i. ''Hie Hajijiv ('on.-5tanev ; ' .5. " The Trjal of ( oiijugal JA)\e;' and of se\ei'al Poems publi.-.hed .lingly in folio. * For a particulai- hi^toiv of tlii>w()ik ->ee under tlie uar 17.57 i' " It mav .seem a little strange," .si\.-5 Air. Toiniiii-oi!, '' that 1 .-hould claim the honour of having lir-t treated of th' \rl of Dancing; when a IJoolv upon the >ame ^ui)ieel wa- jiuli- lijhed in I'Vanee so long ago a^ I7'^'">. Hut the fillovsiug a( - count vsill, I hope, clear \\\> all dnubt iti relation to the justice of my j)retension-. In Mi-t'-^ Jor.inal, .Ian. I. J, l7'-7-''^. aji- pi ared thi-; adverti-iiuent ; ' \e\l week will he jiuitli-lwd, Th'- r)an(ir\gMa-ter, or the Ait of 1) niiin;' M'\j)!:iined, 1)\ i\l(>ii-ic-ui llameau. Thi- ;ra\e me ^oiue -uiall M!rpi'i/>', a- 1 ne\i r liet'oii heard of either an\ -uc h Ixiok, or \\illior. ! la^l il Ik ea in\ fni f;M<- to ha\e known, eitlur heloie or at'u r 1 luidertoek luwriu- on thi^ \it, that 'Ueh a buok \\a-e\Iaiit, iii\ ciaio-iU wiudd i<\- luiuK ha\e led me lu hi\e (da nil' 'l il ai.il had 1 awi-n.iMii n 2 titERAhY AS*ECDbTS o^ [1/3^- 1724. And now published by Kellom Tomlin- 5on *, Dancing-master. In Two Books Tulif alter HoHores. Of this curious quarto volume, which i? dedicated to Catherine Viscountess Fauconberg, I it is highly probable I should have given the world a translation of it, with some additional observations of my own. Tins had been a much easier task than to compose a work entirely new upon the same subject; which I had actually finished in 1724, ready for the press, as it is now pviblishcd, without any material alteration, a full year before the publication of Mons. Rameaus Book, and near four years before this advertisement appeared ; th(! truth whereof several credible witnesses have testified under their own hands. I advertised this work of mine the first time, as ready for the press, and that it only waited for a suflicient number of subscribers to defray the expencc, in Berington 3 Evening Post, Oct. 15, 1726; and again, in the .same paper, Oct. 22. This advertisement was repeated in the Whitehall Evenii^g Post> Nov. 12 ; and in the London Jom-nal, Dec. 3. In Mist's Jour-' nal, March 4, 172G-7, I gave notice of the publication of my Proposals, together with some Plates by way of specimen ; and renewed that notice, on the 18th, in Berington's Evening Post; and again, Oct. 28, in the same paper. Frt)m this particular account it appeal's, that I had published seven Advertisements concerning my ^^'ork ; the first of which was two years and three months before e\er the Translation of Monsieur Rameau's Book was ad\ertised in Mist's Journal, Jan. 13, 172T-S. To secme myself in some measure from the damage I might receive by thir. Advertisement, I thought it necessary to publish one myself, a few days after, in Mist's Journal, Jan. 27 ; to which I prelixed this motto from Virgil, Tulit alter Honorcs ; intimating that another person had attempted to bear away the honour of my invention; and, I may justly add, the profit of it too. To make his Book appear moie perfect and complete, and mine less ne- cessary or useful, the Gentleman w'no published it was not satis- fied to present it to the A\orld merely as a Tianslation of Mon- sieur Rami'au's Work, approved by Monsieur Pecour, the greatest master in France j but v\ 'ti^ ynompted by his ingenuity and ge- nerosity ta make such surprizing improvements in the figures ;\4 will be a lasting monument of his great abilities in the Art of Dancing !" An attestation is prefixed, from Josejih Sandys, gentleman, and 1 Icnry Carey, master of music, that they hatl seen Mr. Turn- liuson's Work, j)repared for the })ress, in 1720' ; and shnilar at- t(.'stations from Alexander Jackson and Joseph Jackson, dancing- mcU)ters, tliut they had carefully perused the Work, and that the Second Part of it was composed long before a rival work intituled ' The DaiiCing Master" liad appeared. - Mr. Tomlinsoii says, " In April 1707 I ^vas placed as an ap- prentice with Mr. I'homas C'averley, now living in (Jueen-square, near Si, George the MartjT;, with whom I continued tUI the year 1714 : 1735.] THE EIGHTEENTIf CENTURY. lO% hav^e never seen a copy of the first edition, of whidi the number printed was only 375 ; and the number 1714 ; during %vhich time I Imd likewise the good fortxine to be fmlher instructed in the theatrical way by that great" performer Mr. Cherreii*, once contemporary with the inimitable Mr. L'AbJx'. with whom also I Jiave iiad the happiness of a personal acquaintance. 1^'Ir. Cherreir's great mei'it,< after l\e had quitted the stage, was sup- ported a long ti me bj-- the late I\l r. John Sliaw, v,'ho was justly esteemed not only one of the finest tlKatrical daiicej-s, but one of the mobt beautiful performers in the gentleiriaiilike way; the acquir-ition of both whicJi evcellenoies iu practice mu;?! Ije chiefly owing to those tidmirable iastnictions in the theory, which lie received from Mr, Caverlc\', when he and I wci-e fellow-apprentices to that great master. During the time of my appienticeship I went generally by the name of Kellom, a coiruptioa of Kendm^ my true Christia.n name; as it is very common foi' young pei'sf res}K?Ce, failed nie Totuiuuor,; but, being unwilling to dechne the u- bahly receive from the reputation of ha\ big lo;un(?d the Art of Dancing under so great a master as Mr. ('averley, 1 chose ratlier to retain the name oi' Kelloin, by which I had been so univer- sally known to !x> undei- his in^^tnution. This duplicity of ap- pellation turned afterwards to my great (lisadv.uitjgej ip.anv of the \ol)ility and Gentry, vsho wouhi have liad their <;i)ildr.;? taught by Mr. Kcllom, ivfusing to employ Mr. Tomlinsou, though reconuucnded to them ; aud man\, who would )iH\e em- ployei Mr. Tondlnao/f, rejecting Mr. Ktllom. To pv^isent wiiich confusion tVir the future, I shall acknowledge luy.-elf obhged to those, who, instf^td of either singly, sliall bo pU^r-id to call me by both conjunctly, Kkmo.m Tomlvssow'' " Two of my ^cholar-^ have appeared on the .-^tagc with no small a])plause. The one w;>s Mr. JohuTHpfrdnj, who daucetl updu both Theatres under the name of Mr. Kt:lloo>\- Srhnl<(r, wIum he had he<'n with me. n longer than between 'i and :', \ears. Tlu> otlxr wa- Mi^s Fiances, wh>, on the Theatre Royal in iJncoln's Inn Fields. perfoninul the Pa:>saca)Ile de Seilla, coiisi-tiiig !n id' rue in tlie iuid->t of her imp)\ Monsieur ;uiil Mad.MUoiselh^ Sulli-, iln- \\\-) 1 rti!:h children, at llie Tluatrein l.ineohiV Inn Melds, to vtry < ni'-idrv.ilde audiences, foi'a uliulc. wi-tk t*^i:eli>er; the. I'liiK t l^uji ik-, ii; i; jS the .Address, 17>^3'J: llu; (.avol', 17'iO; ;ind the I':i-- :ii -lille Diann. 17*21, dedicated to Mr. LA bin' ; all uhi' h he ((imij)i;m(!. wrote jn characters, and published, tor I he iuq)i oven H lit oft he \rt oi'P I'.iriii;^. Frym whatever cau^e it happeued (tertaml) not from pniii'- 64 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l735' of pages it contained, including the Preface and List of Subscribers, was 152. But I have been fa- voured with tlie loan of a copy of the second edition, possessed by Mr. Bindley, which is enlarged to l6'0 pages*, exclusive of twelve introductory leaves; and is dated 1744, having in the front a very fine en- graving of Mr. Tomlinson, by Morellon la Cave, dated 1754, from a Painting by R, V. Bleeck, 171O'. Proposals for printing Dr. Drake's " History and Antiquities of York." too much to his Printer, an accusation I have more tlian once heard from distressed Authors who have ne\er paid their Printer a single faithing) is now neitlier known, nor is it material ; but Mr. Tomlinson's finances were so straitened in 1735 as to require from his creditors a hcence of forbearance for seven yeai s ; at the end of which period he resided at the Red and Gold Flower-pot, at the end of Great Ormond-street, Lamb's Conduit-street. * The First Book treats of the beautifvd attitudes or postures of Standing, the different positions from whence the Steps of Danc- ing are to be taken and peiformed ; and likewise of the manner of Walking gracefully. The several sorts of Jiows and Curtesies are also fully desciibed ; and all or most of the Ste])s iwed in genteel Dancing, as well as many of those properly belonging to the Stage ; Illustrated with SLxteen Copper-plates, containing Twenty-nine Figures. The Second Book contains Fourteen Plates, consisting of Twenty-eight Figmes of Gentlemen and Lfulies, one of each in a Plate, as dancing a Minuet; beginning from the Re\ e- rence or Bow, and proceeding regularly on till the whole is finished, shewing the graceful deportments of the Performers, in the dilferent figures and circks of that celebrated dance ; together w ith the instructions for understanding and keeping time . and directions for the elevation, mo\ement, and a,raceful fall of the arms in Dancing. To which are added, at the request of some Pej'sons (jf iQuality, some instructions concerning Country Dances. 'J'he whole W'ork is adoriied \vith Thirty-seven Cop])er-})lates ; con- sisting of Fifty-seA en Figure^, &c. TiieCuts were originally designed not only for the better explanaticjii and lUKlersta.iding of the Art (jf Dancing cx})lained ; but likewise to be pioper furniture for a room closet, being of themsehes an intii'e and indejiemlent work; for, if put in frames w ith glasses, they will not only shew the a arious positions or postures at one view, but be very agrceal^le and instinc- tive furniture. The Price of the Cuts, without tlie Printed Books, i- Two (iuineas; and those \\ho are willing also to piuxha-e the pj-intetl t)ait ma\ have it of the Author, at the Red and Gold Flower 1^)1, next door to the Widow Edwards's ('ort'ce-hou'^e, over-against tl.e, Jk;i! and (kite in llolborn, for half a guinea, pursuant to my printcul Proposals, wherein 1 assured the Publick, that the whole \S ork, except t(j Subscribers, :-hould not be sold luider Two Guinea* ,iil :t ll-.ilf, uceordinir to Act o'' Parjjuuicnt^ Jimc '2(S, 173'. J 735] THE EICHTEENTH CESTURV. 65 " I'he Mottoes of the Spectators, Tatlersj and Ciiiardians, translated into Knglish." " CoUnnharium ; or, the Pigeon-house ; being an Introduction to a Natural History of Tame Pigeons. By John Moore," 8vo. ill 1735 appeared a work of considerable conse- quence*; which it is proper to mention here, though not })rinted b}' Mr. liowyer, for the particular in- terest wliich he took in promoting its success, both by his recommendation to the trade, and by the exertions of his pen. Tlie book alluded to, is a new edition of " Uoberti Stephanl Thesaurus Lin- guae Latinae, in Four Volumes, folio-|~; much aug- mented and amended, by the Rev. Edmund Law ;{:, * " The old impressions of this great and valuable work, par- ticularly that of Lyons loj-i, being- ex^cceding scarce, the pub- lick is highly obliged to tliosc learned gentlemen who have fur- nished us with a new edition, larger and more accurate than any of the preceding ones. AVe ha\e the more reason to glory in (he success of this noble and magnificent undertaking, which does honour to our age and nation, as scleral attempts of this nature have been heretofore made and imhappily miscarried; l)arlicularly by Charles and Hear}- Stepliens, by our own cele- brated coimtiyman Milton, by the Society of Baliol college in Oxford, and by Di'. Kustei-, the excellent Editor of Suidas and Ari-toplianes. Tiiis stntely performance, after a very eloquent ileii('ation to hi> present Majesty, is intioduwd by a large Epis- tolary Preface, insciibed to the most ingenious Dr. John Hol- liiigs ; (;ontainiug a distinct and exact accuUTit of the most con- FJderable J^atin J)iclionaries wliicii have appeared since tiie n -^tomtion of learning:, together with some memoiis of the com* pliers of them. Our i-eaders will b(; pleaded to .see them as they stand in .succession, and observe their principal charactei-s j and tin- rather, a." this i.-, a piece of literary history, which has hither- to lain ;dmo^t altogether unru]ti\atei." Present State vf the Riinibiiuk oj Litters, for .Tun': 17J5, vol. XV. p. 141. t I'he literaiy hisfory of this work will be found in the " E3say.s ami UhLstrations" of these .Anecdotes, vol. V. \o Vlll. t I readily omit an article which I had j)rc])ared respecting this excellent I'relnte, to substitute in its stead the following account of him from tlie pen of Mr. Archdeacon Paiey, which wa5 fn-st printed in .Mr. Hutchinsons " History of Cumheiland." " Kdmund Law, D. D succeeded to the see of Carlisle in 17GS. He was born in the j^ari^h of Cartmel in Lancashire, in the year l/O.'i. His father, who was a cler^ryman, held a small chapel in that neigiibouiliooti ; but the family had been situated at .Vkham, in tlie county of W'ertmoiland. He wa educated, for Vol. H. F souic 66 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l735- Fellow of Christ's College in Cambridge; John some tiuip. at Cartmcl school, afterwards at the free grammar- school at Kendal ; from wliicli he went, vei"y well instnxcted in the learning of trrammar schools, to St. John's college in Cam- bridge. Soon after taking l\is first degree, he was elected fellow of Christ's College in that Uni\er.sity. During his residence in which college, he became known to the ])ublic by a tran.slalion of Archbishop King's Essay ujxm the Oiigin of Evil, with copiou.5 notes ; in which many metaphysical subjects, curious and interest- ing in their own nature, are treated of with great ingeniuty, learn- ing and novelty. To this Work was prefixed, under the name of a Pi'eliminary Dissertation, a very valuable piece, written by the Rev. Mr. Gay of Sidney college. Our Bishop always .spoke of this gentleman in terms of the greatest respect. In the Bible, and in the v.ritings of Mr. Locke, no man, he used to say, was so well versed. He also, wliile at Christ College, undertook and went thi-ougk a very laborious ])art, in preparing for the press, an edition of Stephens's Thesauius. His acquaintance, during his first residence at the Uni\ert.ity, was principally with Dr. Waterland, the learned master of Magdalen college ; Dr. Jortin , a name known to every scholar ; and Dr. Taylor, the editor of Demosthenes. In the year 1737, he was presented hy the Uni- versity to the li\ing of Graystock, in the county of Cumberland, a rectory of abovit 2001. a year. The advowson of this benefice belonged to the family of Howards of Gra\ stock, but devolved to the University for this tuin, by virtue of an act of i.iarliament, which transfers to these t\\o bodies tlie nomination to such be- nefices as appertain, at the time of the vacancy, to the patronage of a RouKiU Catholic. Tlie right, however, of the University was contested ; and it was not till after a law-suit of two years continuance, that Mr. Law wJis settled in his living. Soon after this, he married .Mary, the daughter of John Christian, Esq. of Unerigg, in the county of Cumberland ; a lady, whose chai-aeter is remembered with tenderness and esteem by all who knew her. In 1743, he was promoted by Sir George Fleming, bishop of Caiiisle, to the archdeaconry of that diocese ; and in 17-1(J, went from Gray.6tock to re.-ide at Salkcld, a pleasant village upon the banks of the river Eden, the rectory of which is annexed to the archdeaconry. Mr. Law was not one of those who lose and for- get themsehes in the country. Diu'ing his residence at Salkehl, he pubUshed " Considerations on the Theory of Religion:" to which were subjoined, " Reflections on the Life and Character of Christ; and an Appendix concernine: the Use of the words Soid and Spirit in Holy Scripture, and tlie state of the dead there de- seiibed." Dr. Keene held at this time, with the bisho])riek of Chester, the mastership of Peter-house in C'ambi'idge. Desiring to iea\e the University, lie procured Dr. Law to be elected to succeed liim in that station. This took place in tlie yeai- 17;'J-i; in which year Dr. l^aw I'esigned his archdeaeoni}- iii favour of Mr. E\rc, a bi-other-in-law of Dr. Keene. Two] years before + Me took his Dontor's Decree in 174,9. Sec p. CD. this. J 735-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 67 Taylor, M. A. Fellow of St. Johns College, and this, he had proceeded to hi-? degree of Doctor in Divinity ; in his public exercise for wWch, lie defended the doctrine of what is usually called " the sleep of the soul." About the year 1760, he WAS ap])ointed head libi-arivui of tht,- University ; a situation which, as it procured an easy and quick access to books, was peculiarly agreeable to his taste and habitf. Some time after iliis, he was also ap})ointed casiiistical professor. In the vear 17G2, he sufiercd an irreparable loss by the death of his wife ; a loss in itself every way aiilicting, and rendered more so by the situation of his faniih', which then consisted of eleven children, many of them \eiy youni.";. Some ycai-s aftenvards he receive(J several prefci-ments, which wac rather honourable expression"? of regard from hi friends, than of much advantage to his fortune. JJy Dr. CornwallLs, then Bishop of Litchfield, aftenvards Arch- bishop of Canterbury, who had been his piipil at Christ's college, he was appointed to the archdeaconry of Staffordshire, and to a prebend in the church of Litchiield. By his old acquaintance. Dr. Green, bishop of JJncoln, he was made a prebendary of that chmch. Rut in thf^ year 17t>T, hy the intervention of the Duke of Newcastle, to who-,e interest, in tiie memorable contest for the high-stewardbhip of the lj'nivci>:ity, he had adherel in opposition to some temptation^, he obtained a stall in the church of Din- ham. The year after this, the Duke of Grafttm, who had a short time bt tore been elected t iumcellor of the Uni\ersity. re- commended the Master of IVier-liousc to his Majesty for the bi'^hoprick of Carlisle. 'I'liis reconunemlation was matle, not only without solicitation on his part or that of his friends, but witli- out his knowledge, until llie Duke's intention in his favour was ^ii^nififd to liim by the .'Viclihi^hop. In or about the year 1/77, our Hishoj* gave to tlie ])ublick a hand-^ome ethtion, in tlucii \cihjmes quarto, of tlie Works of Mr. I^ocke, witij a L ife of the Author, ;ind a Preface. Mr. Locke's wrilings and character he held in the higiio-t esteem, and seems to have dniwn from them uiunv of his own ])rinciph-s : lie was a discipk; of that ^^chool. About the .-aiue time he published a tract, which engaged ^^ome attention in the (ontnlicd new editions of liis two principal works, uith consider- able addition'-, and some akcrations. Besides the works already mentioned, Ik, jinbli-hed in 17^4, or 1735, a very ingemous " Infjuiry int. the hleas of Sjiace, 'rime, &c." in which he com- ))ats tiie Of)inioiu-( of Dr. ( l;uk>' and hii adherents on these sub- jects. Dr. \j.i\\ held ttte see of Cailile almost nineteen years; duiing wiiicli tiine he twice, only, omitted spendimr the s\immer months in hi-, diocese at the nish(p's residence at Rose Cattle; a .situation witli which he was nuich plea-icd, not only on account of the natural beauty of tlie place, but becaiLse it restored him to the country in whir h he had spent the be-^t part of his life. In the year 17S7, he paid this visit in a state of great weakness and ex- I^au-tion; and tlied at Ko--e^ about a montli after lus anival there, r 'Z oa 68 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l73S' Register of the University ; the Rev. Thomas on the 14th day of Augtist, and in the 84th year of his age. The hfe of ])r. Ij\v was a life of incessant reading and thought, al- most entirely directed to nietapln sieal and religious inquiries ; but the tenet by which his name and writing^s are i)rincipally distinguished is, " that Jesus Chri.>t, at hiii second coining, will, by an act of his power, restore to life and consciousness the dead of the human species ; who, by their own nature, and without tins interposition, would remain in the state of insensibility, to which the death brought vipon mankind by tle sin of Adam had reduced them." He interpicteil literally tliat saying of St. Paul, 1 Cor. XV. <21, " As by ntan came death, by man came also the. resuirection of tlie dead." This opinion had no other effect. upon his own mind than to increase his reverence for Chri^ti- auitv, and for its divine Founder. lie letained it, as he did his other speculative opinions, Avilhout laying, as many are Mont ia do, an extravagant stress upon their imj)ortancc, and without ])retending to nore certainty than the .subject allowed of. No man formed his own conclusions v\ilh more freedom, or treated those of others with greater candour and equity. He never quarrelled with any person for diHering from him, or considered that difference as a sidlici(>nt reason for questioning any man s f-incerity, or judging meaUly of his miderstanding. He was zea- lously attached to religious lilx^'t}-, bocau.se he thought that it leads to truth : yet from his heart he loved peace. 13ut he did not perceive any repngnant-y in these two things, llierc w-ls nothing in his elevation to his I)ishopnck uhich he spoke of with more pleasure, than its being a proof that decent freedom oi Inquiry was not discouraged. He was a man of great softness of mannei-s, and of tiie mikiest and most ti'anquil di.-position. His voice was never raised above its ordinary pitch. His countenance seemed never to have been rulHed ; it preserved the same kind imd comjiosed aspect, truly indicating the caiumess and l)enigniiy of liLs temper. He had an utter dislike of large and mixed com- panies. Next to his books, his chief sati.-faction was in the se- rious conver.eation of a literary companion, or in the company of a few friends. In this sort of society he would open his mind with great unrc-crvtdness, and with a pccidiar turn and spright- line.s.s of expression. His jjerson was low, but well formed ; his complexion ftiir and delicate. Except occasional inttriuptions by the gout, he had for the greatest part of liis life enjoyetl g(jod health ; and wlien not confined by tliat distemper, was frdl of motion and activity. About riine \eais before his death, he was greatlv enfeebletl by a severe attack of the gotit in his stomach ; ;inil a '^hort time after that, lost the use of one of his legs. Not- withstanding his fondness for exercise, he resigned himself to this chanije, not onlv without "omplaint, but without anv sea.^ible diminution of his cheaifulness and good hiuiiour. His faidt (for we are not writing a pancgyiic) was the general fault of retired and .studioiis characttrs, too great a degree of inaction and fa- cility i735] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cg Johnson *, M. A. Fellow of Magdalen College ; and Sandys Hutchinson^ M. A. Library-keeper oility in his public station. The modesty, or rather bashfulness of his nature, to^etlier ith an e.vtreme unwillingness to give pain, remlei-ed him sometimes less firm and ellicieut in tUe ad- ininisti-ation of authority than as requisite. But it is tike con- tiition of human mortality. 'Jhere i.-, an oppo.^itiyn between ^ome virtues wliich seltlom ])eriiiits them to subsist together in jK'ifeclion. The Bishop was inteirc",! w ith due solenmity in his cathedral church, in which a haud.-ome monument is ercfted to his memory, bearing the following in')iip of the late eminent Dr. Jui'tin : and for man)' years caiiied on a correspondence with Dr. Haitlev, upon the subject of that Author's celebrated Work. He pivserved a long iniimacy with l)i-. Hhickbuine, Aichdeacun of Cle\ eland, vho died, at nearly the .-ame age, unb one week before him. With fhe.se excellent ]ivons he was united ;ls wt-U in an anxious and diligent .search after moral and f\;uigelic truth, as in a cor- . dial love of civil and religious liberty. From the MSS. of the Kev.. John. Jones of Wcbvyn, the follow- ing cliaracter has been furnished. " Dr. J^aw, a gentleman of excellent parts, exlensive learning, great inlegrit), andof amo.^t sweet, Iwnevolent, and ( hristian di>positiun ; \en motle.-t, free and open in con\('i>-ation, de\oid of ccieniony; an honour to his <-'Ountr\, and to the iJniver.iiiv whenin he presides. His cha- nuter is univeisiullv known, and appitncd by all wise and good men. I shall here minute down only a few jjailiculars ; tlie n'-t may be add'd afterwards. I heaid him, with great pleasiue, fH-rform his exercise for bis Doctor's degi-e<> in the I'ublic schools at Cambridge, Jan. 1748-9. Dr. Parne, the Moderator pro ttiit- * M.A. of Miigdalen college, Cambridge. He ])ubli^hed, in 17;il, " I'he Insufliciemy of the Law of .Nature, a Sermon on 1 Cor. iii. j." 70 LITERARY ANECDOtES OF [l7*r- of Trinity Collep^e. Printed for Samiiel Ilardinc:, Bookseller, at the Bible and Anchor on the Puve- fore, was his opponent, who (I believe) was foiled. The Mode- rator soon after grew mad, and died. One great Doctor (Head of a great College) refused to sign his testimonial ; saying, " he did not like cither his pei"son or his doctrine :' yet aftcr\\ards was reconciled, when \j^\v became head of St. Peter's college, and made him frequent visits, itc. Dr. Garnet (brother to the Bishop of Fcrne) dining, as 1 also did, with the former of these two, told him he was going to pay a%isitthat afternoon, to Dr. Law. * Yon do veiy well,' said the entertaiiier ; ' I respect him, although I cannot approve of his opinions in ^ome thing?, and opposed his degree. Dr. Garnet said, " W hatever his opi- nions bey this is \ei-y certain, and allowed by all, that he is a sweet-tempered man, an excellent scholar, and a true Christian.' The other assented. I waited on Law that evening, and told him what had passed. ' Yes,' said he, * wa begin now, though contrary to my expectation, and without my seeking, to be pretty thick} and I thank God, who reconciles me to my adxcr- saries.' A certain great Author, who did not at all know him,' nor his character, said (very imcharitably) that he must be a wicked man for proposing such an opinion. His wife an excel- lent woman; a Christian indisposition as well as name. They have sustained great afiJictioiv; with great resignation. iManj children, and great charge. Their income not cacu yet answer- able. On Sundays, in the afternoon, he instructed the young men of his College, designed for ordci-s, jn the original Icin- giuige, sense, and design, of the New Testament, and of the Old in the Hebrew, &e. ; and has noticing moie at heart than teaching the Christiun Religion in its native puvil)- and .~im[)licity, of which he was a coiupleto niaster. Abp. Potter, he told me, disliked his doctrine about in: juration, and repnned him. W'av- bmton told him, he disparaged the Church, by which ire got his bread. Abp. Herring, on heaving of his Thesis at Camlnidge, .'aid to him, ' I neither justify nor condemn you. If your doe- trine be right, I am no loser; if wrong, I am but as I was: I am in the hands of a ju-t; and merciful (iod, to whom I wholly commit m}self. I b< he\e his Go.-pels, and am persuaded you do so as much as I, tho>igli we may have different scntinicnts about some j)articulars. We shall both of iss, I hope, meet in Heaven.' W hen, in going his: rounds to the Head.- of Houses, presently after his keejnrg tliis act, hr came to Dr. Castle fthe worthy ]^Ia.-ter of Corpus Cliristi college), he said to him, in h.ia blunt and honest manner, ' 1 know that this is reckoned a Soeinian tenet ; but I believe \ou de.-erve the degree, and will readilv sign your testimonial.' In his return from London and C ambridge, after thi,s bout, he kindly called upon me at Alconbuiy, reKitcd to me many partierdais, styycd a nighty and vvould ])ul nie to no cxnerAL'. J. Joxf. : ' L. 1/55.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 7I ment, St. Martin's-Lane. N. B. To this edition is prefixed a large Preface, giving an Account of the In the lately-published Letters of Bishop ^\':irburton Dr. Law i.~ charactei ized as a man unhackneyed in the ways of the world. " Sept. 22, 1751. Our friend JJrowne is now on a vi:-It (on invitation) at Mr. Georg'c Lyttelton's. It is about 250 miles from him, and he is accompanied by hia friend, Dr. Law, as far as Litchfield ; who takes tliis oj)portunily to visit Ids friend, the Bisliop of Litchfield and Coventry. Which ^\ ill prove the Ijetter Patron, the layman or the Archpriest, for an even wager ? And }{)u shall choo-re yo-ar bide. I think they might as well have gone to Hell (I mean the Classical Hell) to coa'^ult Tiresias in the wa}s of thriving. God help them ! for they are a couple of helpless creatures in the ways of this world ! and no- thing to bear their charges but a little honesty, which, like Don OiMxote's Chixaliy, ^vill pass current in never an Inn be- tween Carlisle and London." And ag;iin, in April 17^3, " Your reflections on ])oor Law please me for your own sak*;. They shew such a state of mind as puts your happiness out of Fortune's j)Ower; and \\oxdd force me to lo\e you for it, though you had no other claim to my affection. But what are fifty jears to a man whose studies have ne\er been occui)ied U];on mari 3 the only .>^tUlly from whence true wisdom is to be got ? Lor, ' Whether in IMeta])hvsics at a loss, Or wandering in a wilderness of mo>;s,' 'tis pretty much the same, for all imi)ro\en)ents in life. Hence, in his speculations, this ])()or n)an has Ijeen hurried from ex- treme to extreme. One while j)ersecuting Dr. .Mi(klleton, at an- other time writing 'ilieses ten times more licentious and paia- doxical than the Doctor's. And now at fifty! ^hat a lui'-erahle thing, to ha\e his head turned about a Mastership: of wliich, by the way, he is not half so fit ;is Sancho Parica was fur hi-' government." Bp. Law had a very numerous fauiily, and was >ingul;uly for- tunate in the different branches of it. His el, lest son, lAlmund, a verv promising youth, went from the Chart er-iiou>e school to St. Peter's college, Cambridge; wheie he died, in about a year after his admission. The next son, John, echicated at the -amo school, on the foundation, wa- entered of ( hri-t's college, in the .same University, where he was a Tancred exhibitioner, and afterwards fellow. Having taken his degrees, and holy ordei's, he attended the Didic of Portland, lord lieutenant ol Inland, as one of his <:haplains ; wliere h<' was fir^t promoted to the bishoprick of Clonfert, and thence translated to the see o!' I';iphin , which he now enjoys. Kdward, the thinl son, wen' ymiiig to the East Indies, where he remained some yen- ; and iia. in;^ made a handsome fort\uie, returned to ICngland, a!id niairivd a daughter of Archbishop !\larkliani. The four'li -<>u. Ivlv.ard. was likewise educated on the f()undatif)n of the ( liaiti r hou-e , went to St Peter's college^ v. here he bc( ame felluu I la\ iii^r ::it :i' I v 7* LITERARY ANECDOTES OF L^/S-''' several Latin Dictionaries and tlieir Authors. Also a short Account of Robert Stephens's Life, and a complete Catalogue of the Books he printed, h}^ the Author of the Lives of Stephens's, and of the chief Paris Printers*." The Proposals for this re-publipation, which had been issued in 1732, provoked a discussion amongst distinguished himself in the University, and obtained many aca- demical honours, .he removed to the Inner Temple, intending for the profession of thel^w; and has risen by due gradations to the honours of King's Counsel, Attorney-general, the Knight- hood, and finally to that of Ghief-justice of England, the Peer- age by the title of Lord EUenborough, and a Privy-coimsellor. It is worthy of notice, that his Loi'dship is the single insta)ice ^ince the establishment of the Charter-house, in 1611, of any person's having risen, from being a scholar on the foundation there, to the rank of a Go\ernor thereof. The value of such a distinction cannot be better expixisscd than in the words of the late worthy and learned school-master Dr. Samuel Berdmore, in an anniversary oi-ation spoken in the great hall there, by the senior scholar, Dec. 12, 1785. (See Lusus Poetici ex Ludo Li- terario apud ^des Carthusianas, &c. Sec. Londini 1791, p. 147.) * A letter of bu.-iness, from Dr. Taylor, on the .subject of this publication, maj- perhaps be. wortli preserving : " I have paid Dr. Jl[obinson] liis demand against my judg- ment ; his demand was, that he paid for seven copies of Stephens, and received but six. I remember I was in a treaty with him, to be perfected through you, to deal \viih him for six copies of Stephens. Being at tliattime in to\vn, and my copies at Cam- bridge, I would have had Harding advance tlie copies, or rather, upon reflection, tlie copies not being delivered to me, I drew upon him for si,\ copies to be delixcred to you, which he refused ; doubtless tliat he might ha\e the selUng of them him.-ielf ; thq reason given, because he presumed, as lie said, that 3 ou \\ ire to receive them in ]iart of payment for the printing of lA>ias, and therefore could atibrd to imdersell tliem : so tiiat I well remem- ber I lost the sale of that set. .\ll tliis I jierfcctly remeuilxr ; but tlien supp<^se that odd or seventh cojjy of mine sold and charged to Dr. Robinson, I was paid but once, though he may have paid twice. Nay, I could be but paid onee if he had hii six sets from Harding, as I remember he had. How this charge coruis to be nrade U[;on me, 1 cannot call to mind nor accoimt for; but he has used me ill in the manner of making his demand; a demand 1 cannot sati>fy myself of. Perhaps you may set this matter right by acquainting him with what you know of it. In his account, he made himself debtor to somebody unkno\\n for binding one 8et of Stephens. I think I heard you say, that in this negotiation you were out of pocket the binding a .ct. Pro- bably this will help you to set it right. J. T.^ylor." tlie 1J35.] 3^E EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 73 the Learned respecting the purity of some of the Latin phrases employed in it : whic^h drew forth Mr. Bowver as an .idvocate for his Cambridw friends * ; who were also not a httle gratified by the followini^ elegant testimonial of approbation from so competent a judge as Mr. Maittaire: '"' Clarissimis Rob. Stephani Thesauri Editoribuf;, Sal Litem. " Quis sim, sciri paulum interest ; non certe mea, qui innotescere non percupio ; minime om- nium, vestra, Y'u'i clarissimi, quibus notissimis quid ex usu fucrit nosse ignobilem ? Quid autem velim, breviter expediam. Non potui me continere, quin vobis, quas gratias nemo literatus non fatcbitur se debere, ego quuque, particula quantulacunque literaricB Reipublicse perexigua, agerem : et gratu- larer, quod opus illud grande, consilio laudabili susccptum, magna laboris pertinacia continuatum, ad exitum tandem omnium votis responsurum per- vcuerit. Ex quo Romanus sermo desiit esse verna- <"tdus, illius liugUcC cultores, qui puram uictionis legantiam studuerunt (etpauci admodum potucrunt, ct etianmum possunt) assequi, coacti sunt cum mortuis versari, frequentemque cum Authorum veterurn scriptis familiaritatem inire, et eorum imi- tationi paulatim assucscere. Cum autcm id pensum requireret niultum operie magniimquc memoria; vim ; Dictionariorum usiis introductus est, ut illam minueret, banc sublevaret. Non long6 ab Artis Typographicie initiis, prinuun Lexicon ])rodiit in lucem. Deincejis, Uteris incrcmentum capicntibus, xorti sunt ((ui huic studiorum ^^cneri excoltndo nianus ftliciter adumvcrunt. Veriim omnibus pal- luam prii-'ripuit jiobtrtus Stephanus; (jui, postquani in perHciendo operis instituti, quod anno Ij.'JS pro- po>uerat, tentaminc decennium cxcgiss^-t,, anno 154,'^ orbcm literatum 'I'liesauro suo donuvit; in qucia S^cMr. Bo\\yei'i> " Mis<;eIlanco\w Tract?," 4to. pp.86 i'2S. LutincL' 74 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iToTi- LatiivdC linguu? opes undecunqne conquisitas recon- didit ; novoque ordinis artificio tarn commode dis- posuit, ut, cum nihil iitilius posset excogitari, multi postea in Lexicis contexendis eandem rationem ser- vare voluerint. Actum agerem, si Uoberti Stephani laudes post Thuanum prosequerer. Annis deinde hand paucis elapsis, Thesaurum illius recudere et locupletare aggressi sunt Lngdunenses ; quos sua lucri spes minimi fefeUit. Eoruni editioni dei'uit neque laus neque pretiuni. Si cui tamen libeat et vacet illam subacto judicio ])ropivis examinare, erit nonnunquam, ubi in mentem veniat proverbium, Thesaurus Carbones. Id vos non fugit, Viri doc- tissimi. Quum enim in animo haberetis Roberti Stephani Thesaurum hici redonare, et (ne quid in re tanti monienti desideraretur) necesse esset evol- vere, quid ahi priEstiterint, pnesertim Lugdunenses ; tot in horum editione animadvertistis mcnda, ut in lis corrigendis poni oporteret o])eram, fere qualem Hercules in stabulo Augiae repurgando insunipserat. Post editionem a Rob. Stephano finitam, nihil pro- diit ad usus literarics magis necessariuni ; nihil magis operosum attentiore diligentia, niliil grandius elej^fantiore cultu. elaboratum est. Ille nunc The- saurus preciosissimus novam seque dignam induit formam ; et illius Author (si ad superos daretur de- functis reditus) optaverit reviviscere ; ut suum ojjus tanto cum honore, cum tanta bonae frugis accessione, redivivum contemplandi voluptate frueretur. Vn- Icte, 1735,, 5 id. Aprilis." To advert to a .-ubject of somewhat more levitv. It happening to fall to the turn of Mr. Bowyer and Mr. Edward Cave to invite their bretliren of the typograpliic profession to a social feast^ the facetious person to whom tjie ofHce of summoning them was deleuated addressed them thus : ic I.; Si]{, Saturdai/, Jan. 11, \lo5, Voi; arc dosir'd on ^londay next to meet ;\t Sniuialiou 'i;y--i'.<:\\. Newgate-street. Siippci- 1735-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 75 Supper will be on table just at eight. Stewards, One of St. Jo/til's*, t'other of 57. John^s Guief,'''' This summons produced the following extempore answer, whicli I the rather transcribe, as the late Mr. Samuel Richardson's |" poetical productions are not very numerous ; "Jan. 17, 1735. To Steward St. John, Steward St. Johti's Gate, Who meet to sup on Monday night at eight. Dear sons of Pha-bus, darlings of the Nine ! '^ Henceforth, through you, how will the Printers shine, > Who ne'er without the Muse shall meet to sup or dine!.) Blessings, say I, attend your rhyniiug pen. No A'ing John's sure e'er cquall'd Saint Johi's men ! But, tell me, Friends, nor blush, nor be afraid To own the truth had you no third man's aid ? Speak out like men to make the verse run sweeter. Did not some mild-beer Bellman tag the metre ? If so, I pray, invite the honest fellow, Let him partake the praise, and make him mellow. Perpetual Stewards may you voted be ; No less such verse deserves perpetual Poet he I For me, Pm much concern'd 1 cannot meet * At Salutation Ta\crn, Newgate-street.' Your notice, like }our verse (so sweet and short !) If longer, I 'd sii.cerely thank'd you for 't. Howe'er, receive my wishes, sons of verse ! May every man wlio meets your praise reliearse; May mirth, as plenty, crown your cliearful board. And every one part happy as a Lord! * Mr. Bowycr. t ^i'- Ca\ e. X On llifse \er-i(s fpiintt-d in Cicnt. Ma;;-, vol. VL p..')]) IMi'. C:ive tlui^ n murks : " Conccniiiii:: this fr(.'ntlt'ui'i'vtd, Ihut though the jmblick is often aaroi'ahly tiitcr- tainc'd with his elc^xuit (lis([ui!-itioits in prose, not one iin.'iu'incd that his e.Kten-ive l)Usini-,s would allow tiim the U-.l-I Ici.iure. to invoke the iMuse- ; without who.-c uid, the Jolnuan.s in.^i.-^ted, he could no! li;ai; k tuiiird so ])oetiea! and so speedy an an-swer . " 'I'luii- Hclhiian, lienre, shall ernidation fire, To rai^e, with jiialci'ul thanks, the nictir hi^h(^, To hiui, who.-<' p'nius makes one Printer 'hiiie^ Jilt h. Snn To distant Berwick upon Tweed. ) Now, to supply you (no reproach), Say but the word, I '11 send the coach ; * Other MSS. read thus : " A constant coursn these labours run. Attendant on their Parent Moon, As regular as carrier's horse Their burthen bear with music worse." W. B. + The Gentleman's Magazine. * Mr. Cave, being severely afflicted vvith the gout, found it pnident to li\c very abstemiously. I Ml 1735.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 77 I '11 order John to put-to yEthon I run with distichs t'other's Phiegon ; For so in g-ratitude each horse Is nam'd, procured by God of Verse. Thus shall you ride in dignity, Beyond yourself and worthy me ! While City crowds shall wondering stare ve at. And raise the envy of the Laureat. I '11 place two seats, wliene'er you come, This for your arms and tliat your bum ; Or you shall take the elbow chair, And be for once the Peerless Peer. Bring, if you will, my hiothav Johnia7i*y An honest merry simpletonian ; ^\'ith student's face, but shallow pate. All ! what's the College to the Gaie fi But for the little man, F 11 this sav, He 's sonitHliing siill for being an Essay. Verse can, they saA , iiring down the Moon, Exalted in her midnight noon. Oh ! could it crain yonr rosy face, "^ How the full orl) the l)oard would grace, [- When flush'd with wine, and plump with praise ! ) Diminish'd stars shall hide their head. Twinkle awhile, then drop to bed. While you shinlaincd to mean, " \]iK Title iifa .\(.;vsp:ipcr." I Mi iS tITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l/^S* I'll say no more; the Muse invites To sacred Friendsbip's social rites. Then come along, pretensions wave; Your humble servant, Edward Cave P. S. These lines, my friend, had sooner come, But we were both engag'd at home ; He in Parliament Addresses, I in indulging spouse-caresses, For Saturday at night, you know. Though kings should want wives have their due To Mr. Richardson : Feb. 2, 173 5. I hope 5'ou '11 think it not a scoff is, That, 'though I now am out of office. Yet second thus my landlord's letter. And summon you again in metre. To meet upon th' accustom'd plain, Bestrow'd with shields and heaps of slain ; There the little man* shall work ye. Or spend his wiser rage on turkey; His doughty arm shall sheath within Its more than equal length of chine. There ducks perhaps, a juicy food. May sate his noble tliirst for blood, Of which, digested into gravy, May n*t you partake for all Delany f? Soft apple-pye at least, or tanzy, May mollify the cruel frenzy. But I had somewhat more to tell you Besides the mere concerns of belly; There are to whom our lianniess letter Appears than libel little better ; Who see throughout some deep design, And Cave is read in every line. To these I've drawn this formal answer, If proper, judge; ami so read on, sir. * Mr. Bowjer. f The celebrated Dean of Downc^ wlin had piibli-lied In 17?A ''The Doctrine of Abstinence from Blood ddendcd, &c. - ' a tract which (how much irony ou its vei'y ini^enioua author. Tins 1733.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Jf) This night \vc 've try'd to please by secret ways, "^ Have bravely borne the birch to gain the bays ; ^ Such is, it seems, the modern lust of praise ! V Conceal'd for once ourselves we satirize, '^ As some put on a masquerade disguise, ^ Themselves to cuckold, and debauch their Avives. ) But now by what new arts will you commend ^ Say, v.ill you damn the poet or the friend ? Or, if his pictui'e 's with true judgment hit, "j You'll all, I hope, to the young Hogarth sit, [- .\or fear the midnifjht vigils of his wit. 1 Jmpassive sages, free from love or hatred, Hold ridicule the test of all that's sacred. So gold by mercury's refin'd, tiie ore Witii even face contemns the subtle power. Our verse we 've thus ex|)lain'd, to shun offence; No second-sight can now find double sense, See tilting armies in the iields of air, The angry prelude of a liquid war. If such tluTL; are (indulge the gloomy vapour) I fdl my glass " To the well-staining paper." So tlu; fell lion with severe delight. Lashing his sides, provokes th' approaching ficrln But hold, you cry, this ne'er can suit Your dapper size e'en droj) a foot. W'ell then, proceed we from the gues? To th' luu)ible waiters on your feast. l,o Pusn, f)erliaps, when we are gone, May act tiie part tb.at I have done. Slu> may with furious leaps assail In airy rounds her sportive tail. Ill silent holes the n\ic(; surve\, .AVitli treml)ling hearts, ilie monster's ['lay, Ucr s[)otted sides, her grinning jaws, lier arch of back, extent of paws. By Nature taught this lesion '^aj^e, If sui'h her spirit, how keen her rage !" r::]<>- So LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iJS^* Among the other hooks printed by Mr. Bo\v\'er m this year were, " The Charge of the Lord Bishop of Non'i icTi [Dr. Robert Butts *] to the Clergy in his Diocese in the Year 1735; and printed at, the unanimous Request of the Clergy who heard it " * Robert Butts, a descendant of Sir William Butts, physician in ordinary to Hcniy VHl. by a younger branch of the tUuiily seated at Thornage in Norfolk^ \va.s son of William Jintts, rector of Hertest in Suflblk. lie received the first part of his education at Buiy-school in that county ; and from thence was admitted a student of Trinity college, Cambridji^e. After he liad taken \im degrees, he became one of the preachers of Ihiiy ; and \\ as pre- sented in 17 17, by the Earl of Bristol, to his own parish-church of Ickworth in Suffolk. In 1728 he was made one of the chap- lains in ordinaiy to King George II. who promoted him (then D. D.) to the deanry of Norwich, in which he was installed April 10, 1731 ; and in the beginning of 1733 advanced him to the bishoprick of Nonvich, to which he was consecrated Feb. 25. In 1734 he lost his first wife by a consumption j and thus em- balmed her memory on a grey stone under the commimion table, iu the chapel belonging to the Bishop's palarrURY. 8l " The Hardships of the Enghsh Laws in relation to Wives; with an Explanation of the Original Curse of Subjection passed upon the Woman ; in an hum- ble Address to the Legislature," 8vo. " An Enquiry into the Evidence of Archbishop Cranmer's Recantation ; or, Reasons for a Suspicion that the pretended Copy of it is not genuine. By Wilham Whiston, M. A." " The Duty and proper Conduct of the Clergy under the Treatment of their Enemies ; a Sermon preached at the Visitation at Towcester, July 2; 173^, held by the Bishop of Peterborough. By Richard Grey *, D. D." 8vo ; two editions. A third edition of Dr. Richard Grey's " jMemoria Technica," 8vo. " Sermons on several Occasions. By Benjamin Newton -j-, M. A. Vicar of Lantwit, Glamorganshire, 2 vols." 8vo. " Intra hos sacros parietes, piis cinciibus dicatos. Rev. admo- dum in Christo Pater ac Dominus Dominus Robkktus Butts, Kliensis Epi.scopus, situs est ; muri, nefas esset ilium posse dix- erim, cujus Doctrina, I'ictas, ac Candor, vivere jubent niortiuini. Xeque ci defuit aninii fervor Theologo dignus, zelo D. Petri siniilis, et sanctfe, quoad licuit, ajmulus ; quoties seu Eccleoi.e j)enclitjintis hostcs, sen Reijmbl. [lerduelles sint debellandi. Si Principibas ])robis, doctis, ac sapientibus ])lacui!^se, in minima laude ponenduni non e-t, hoc jnu'sertim nomine bic vcncrandus Antistes, idem et multimi amandus Aulicus celeljraretur; cpiippc sumnue .sapiential, mira> comitatis opinione fretus et deleciatiis, (el>is.eret ; denuii iisdem reiriis auspiciis, totii plaudenle .\ulfi, ad Epi^copatum Eliensem meiitb evectus erat. 'i'envn vico, at bonc^to gcneie Suflokiensi, natus iid onme Ix^num .Ian. 10, lf)H5 ; defunctus ad nupi-emum Jan. '2(), 1747." Ihnthanis liistnrij of I'.lij, p. '211. Up. liutts ))id)lisbed " A Sermon jjreaebed at the ( atlirdnil ol' Norwich in 1710, on the .Annixejsaiy of the AeccN-^ion o pui)]i-bcd. in 17 10, a Charge to his CJlcrgy at the l'run:u-y \i?italiHtion which set him on investigating the genius and rules of the He- brew poesy ; things that have been buried in oblivion al><)\e two thousand years, and their resurrection alt(jgeth( r despaired of The sjucjuions of Hebrew poetry at the end are select ed from thrt^ celt brated writers. Tney are an analysis of the xcist Psalm, by Yv GoiDar; the .\xiiid and .\cvth psalujs, by Meibomius j and tJv ^73^'] THE EIGHTEEKTII CENTURY. 8^ " Antiquffi Inscriptiones Duse ; Graeca altera, altera Latiiia; cum brevi Notarum et Conjectur- arum Specimine," by Mr. Maittaire; folio. "The Alliance between Church and State; or, the Necessity and Equity of an Established Reli- gion, and a Test Law demonstrated, from the Essence and End of Civil Society, upon the fun- damental Principles of the Law of Nature and Na- tions *," Svo. " Doctrine of Antiquity concerning the Eucharist considered." " The Prude's Purgatory," " The Unequal Match," " Patriotick Love," and two editions of " Donna Clara," all single Poems, by Hildebrand Jacob, Esq. A new edition of the celebrated Poem, by James Sannazarius, " De Partu Mrginis Libri tres-j;'* which has been allowed by Julius Scaliger, Erasmus, and others, to have in it all those qualities that go to the forming of a finished piece ; all that inven- tion, judgment, elegance, and fine turn of senti- ment, wliich is so much admired in the great masters of antiquity. tho xxxiid <;f Deuteronomy, by M. Le Clerc. The Bi'ihop shews tliey are all mistaken in what they inttnded, and points out the grounds of lluir errors. lie has reduced the xxxiid of Deut. to the true Hebrew measure, and uiven it us, on npj)0site columns, alon'j: nilh that of M. I>;('!ere." liepubUck of Letters, vol. XVII. l.p. IGO, 107. [!?ee before, j). 27-] * This \ohnne, ^vhielv wxs ])ublislied anonymously, was the iirst inlrodiietion of Mr. 15(j\vver to Mr. Warburton, its very learned author. It wa^^ pronouiKH.-*!, in " The jtresent State of tlie Ilepul)li(k of J>etteis/' \()1. XVII. p. 471, to be " the work of a fi^enlleman, \v]u).->e capacity, judf.'^uuMit, and learning, deserve .,oine eminent (lit^uity in the Clnireh, of which," s:ays the writer of the critique, " he is now an inferior Ministrr." f Sanna/.:u ius i- said to have s])eiit about '20 years in perfect- ing:^ lhi> I'oini. There are two Italian jii'-ees of his, " Aicadia" and "Kiiue ," the furmer, a composition in ])rose and verse; th'' latter, a poem. They have been often printed. Of this I" u-ned writer it may be -ullicient to say, that he was descended fiom rui anticnt and nolde family, that he was born at Naplci, July Sis^ 1458 : and tiiol there in 15S0. G 2 A n(.'W 84 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [^TS^- A new edition of Mr. Charles Leslie's *' Short and easy Method with the Jews *." " Les Amusements de Spa ; or, the Gallanti'ies of the Spa in Germany ; consisting of an Account of the Mature and Use of the several Waters, and the Diversions of the Place ; intermixed with many entertaining Histories of the principal Persons re- sorting to the Spa. Translated from the French, by Hans De Veilf , M. A." " The Doctrinal Use of the Christian Sacrament considered, in a Charge delivered to the Middlesex Clergy, May 12, 1736. By Dr. Waterland." Two editions. '^ A Letter to the Hon. Society of Lincoln's Inn ; containing a Defence of the Doxology to be used at the Reading of the Holy Ciospels." " Dissertationes et Conjecturae in Librum Jobi ij; ; Tabulis Geographicis et Figuris ccneis illustrat.e." Auctore Samuele Wesley , Rectore de Ep worth, in Dioecesi Lincoln. In quibus, Textus Hehritus con- fertur precipue cum LXX, etiarnque cum Para- phrasi Chaldaica, et Versionibus plurimis tarn Gree- cis quam Latinis, et A ernaculis nostris;|;. On once before, aljout the year 1707) he resimied the task in the deehnc of life, oppres-ed with gout and palsy through long liabil of study. Among other assistances, he ])articul:u-ly acknowledges that of his three sons, and his friend Maurice Jcihnson. Of whom see tiie " Essav band lllustratitnts" iu^ol.^' \"IX. 'jlturl- 173^-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 85 Thurlboum, Cantabrigienses ; Bibliopolas; I73G." This is a verv handsome folio volume, printed with a beautiful type, and supported by a respec- table list of subscribers ; and appears to have been the most laboured of its Author's numerous Works. At the same jjeriod was printed, at another press, " Poems on several Occasions." By Samuel Wesley the Younger, A.M. Master of Blundell's School at Tiverton, Devon ; sometime Student of Christ-churcli, Oxford ; and near 1 Venty Years Usher in Westminster-school," 4to. Printed for the Author by E. Say in Warwick-lane, and sold by S. Birt, at the Bible in Ave-Mary-lane. " N. B. The Subscribers' Books will be deli- vered by the Printer of each ; and may be had at the Rev. Mr. Fitzgerald's, in Smith-street, West- minster." Two editions of '^ A Vindication of the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Winchester [Dr. Benjamin Hoadly], against the malicious Aspersions of those who uncharitably ascribe the Book intituled, ' A plain Account of the Nature and End of the Sacra- ment of the Lord's Supper,' to his Lordship. By the Author of ' Proposals for the Revival of Chris- tianity *.' ' ff'lio IS this that durkeneth Counsel h\j Words ivlthuiit Knowledge P' Job, xxxviii. 2. ' Indignum ! scelerato profuit^Ara. Quo teneam vultus mutantem Protea nodo r' Ov. Met." * " Dublin printed, l^ondon reprinted for T. Cooper, at the (ilobf in Pateinoster-iwv; where may be had, just published, I. Some Pro])osal.s foi- the Kevival of Christianity ; price Cd. II. A I.<'tter to a J.ord, in Answer to hi-, late Book, intituled. ' A jilain Account of the Nature and End of the Sa( rainent of the Lord's Supper j' \mcv Cxi." Wickhj Misrxllany, Miuj 'I'J, HM. Tlie "Profjosals for the Re\i\al of Chri>tianity " were re-jirintcd in Cent, Mag. vol. A I. p. ^'l ; where they are -aid to l>e " in an eminent Hand in Dublin" (meaning Dean ^wift ). J>ut in the f-atnc \olumc, p. (')<><*, an apoloay is made for that >uppo.-ition. " which had luen taken from tlic then loinmon njunt, anl |o-- ribly rni^'-ht .-trt ii^'tlun it. IJut we aiv .-ince cretbbiy iiU'ornied th.a $6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l73^- " The Harveian Oration, by Dr. Edward Wil- mot *.'* " Rudiments of Latin Grammar explained," printed for Mr. Betts. A new edition, beautifully printed, of Dean Moss's *' Sermons," 4 vols. 8vo. " A complete History of Drugs, from the French of M. Pomet." Latham's " View of Difficulties and Discourage- ments," &c. Dr. Richard Grey's " Miserable State of Religion in England." that the eminent Divine is not the Author of either of these Pamphlets. The leflecticns cast on him therefore from any thing they advance, are not justly f( uncled." Thei'e ^\as stimetl.ing mysterious in these publications. They were ])rinted for Mr. C. Davis, but publishe.l in the name of T. Cooper. * This gentlemanj, the seeond son of Robert W'ilmotj of ( iiad- desden, co. Derby, esq, \ as born Oct. "29, 1693 ; ?nd recei\t.u liis education at Cambiidge, Mhcre he became M. D. He iii'irried Sarah, the eldest daughter of Dr. Mead ; and was nuide physician to Queen Caroline, and to Frederick Prince of Wales. After the Queen's death, he was appointed one of the King's ph}s.ici:ms j in May 1740, physician-general to Ids Majesty's forcisj end \\ii.% created a baronet Feb. 17, 17->9. Retiring from l)nsiiies.s on the accession of hiS present Majesty, he resided some years at Notr tingham ; where his house was much resorted to by multitudes of the poor of that j)Vi<^e, as well as from his nati\ c county of Derby, to whom he ga\e ad\ice gratis ; so that his quitting that town was greatly regretted. At the age of 77' howe\er, find- ing the climate rather too cold for his years and constitution, lie went, as he said, to spend the remainder of his days with his tlaughter-in-law, Mrs. VNilliams, at Herringstone near Dorches- ter; and continued to correspond with his worthy relatior^, John Wihaot, esq. son of the Loj-d Chief Ju>tice, with all the \ igour and sprightliness of youth, till within a few montlis of hLs death, which hapi)ened Nov. 22, 17SG, wh5 ; Edward-.'^Hche\eri 11, liariict-Sidney, and Charlotte-Sarah, Sir Robert-Mead Wilmot dii i{, in a fit of apo- plexy, at his seat at Chaddesden, aged 63, Sept. f), 1793 ; three days only after he hatl been a very active steward of the Dei by musical festival, *^ .F^casons 1736-] THE EIGHTEENTIJ CfiKTURY. 8*7 " Reasons for excepting Cambridge out of the Bill for alienating Lands ;" printed by order of the Vice-chancellor. " Eboraciim ; or, the History and Antiquities of the City of York, from its Original to the present Time ; together with the History of the Cathedral Church, and the Lives of the Archbishops of th^t See, &c. illustrated vvithCXVI Copper-plates, drawn and engraved by the best Masters *. By Francis Drake -f, of the City of York, Gent. F. K. S. and Member of the Society of Antiquaries in London," folio. Printed for the Subscribers. By the recommendation of Mr. Drake, in May ^7S^h ^ii' Bowyer was appointed Printer to the Society of Antiquaries ; and began his work fot them by a single sheet, in folio, utider the title of " Collectanea Antiquitatum ;" and by anothel*, * " Mr. Di-ake of York gives notice that his History and Anti- ijiiities of that antient City, and its Cathedral Chiirch, being now in the Press, and the many Copper-})lates necessary to the Woi'k being unck'r the hamk of the Ijest blasters in that Ait, such as are wiUing to subscribe to it, or ha\e not yet paid in their Sub- scriptions, are desired to do it forthwith ; otherwise they will be excluded the Benefit of the Subscription. Proposals, with a full Account of the Work, may be had of, and Subscriptions are taken in by, Messrs. (iyk's ami Wilkinson in Holl)ornj Mr. (iosling in Fleet-street, Mr. Strahan in Cornhill, J^jndon j Mi's, Fletcher and Mr. Clements in Oxford; Mr. 'lliurlbuurn, Cam- bridge ; Mr. Mancklin and Mr. Hildjani in York, and by Mr. Swale in Leeds, JJookwllers." Oent. Mag. vol. V. p. 2H0. f Francir, Drake, Y. R. and A. S. was a suigeon at '^'oik, an eminent Anhed liimself by several curious articles in the .\rf h;eolotria, IV'. Hi. V. 137, :i79, :ind would ha\e re-published his fathers book if llie plates could have been recovered, and e\cn had thoughts of uct- tiug them engraved anew; but died without aceom|)li-liing this very de-irable j)roiect. I have the coppei -jiUtis uf the Monn- nieijts at Cauterburv aud York. callrd 88 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l736. called " A Table of English Gold Coins from the Eighteenth Year of King Edward III. when Gold was first coined in England, witli their several Weights, and present intrinsic Value, by Martin Follies, JEsquire." Mr. Bowyer was elected into that respectable body on the 7th of July following ; and soon shewed him- self to be a very useful member. It appears from the Minute-books that he regularly attended their ineetings * ; and frequently entertained them with valuable communications. Of the respectable Revivers of the Society in 1 7 1 7, a general account is given in the Introduction to the first volume of their Archa^ologia. Of those original Members there remained only the follow- ing persons at the time of Mr. Bowyer's admission ; Mr. Alexander ; Mr. Becket, a gentleman of emi- nence in his profession as a surgeon ; the two learned brothers, Roger and Samuel Gale ; Mr. G'eorge Holmes, deputy keeper of the Records in the Tower; Mr. Maurice Johnson of Spalding ; Dr. Knight ; Mr. William Nicholas, store-keeper in the office of ordnance ; Dr. Rawlinson ; Mr. Robert Sanderson ; Dr. Stukeley; Mr. George Vertue ; and Mr. Browne Willis. From the above worthy Veterans Mr. Bcwyer experienced both patronage and friendship, as he also did from many others who may more properly be called his contemporaries. Of these I shall enumerate such of his more immediate friends as were members of the Society, either at the time of his admission, or very soon after. Among these, he was particularly noticed by Mr. Ainsworth, the industrious editor of the best Latin Dictionary this kingdona hath ever yet pro- * Which \^ ere then held at the Mitre tavern in Fleet-street ; where they were continued till 1753, when the Society, after being incorporated, removed to a house in Chancery-lane; till in 17^0 they were seated by the bounty of their Royal Patron^ in piagniilcent and convenient apartments in Somerset Hou.-e. duced I 1736-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. S<) duced ; Mr. Ames, Secretary to the Society of An- tiquaries ; Mr. Anstis and Mr, Leake, who siicdes- sively enjoyed the ortice of Garter king of arms ; Mr, Henry Baker; Mr. Beaupre Bell; Dr, Thomas Birch, with whom Mr. Bowyer was associated in a great variety of literary pursuits, and to whom I with gratitude acknowledge that I was early in life indebted for his friendly patronage ; Rev, Dr. Bor- lase, the Historian of Cornwall ; Dr. Samuel Chandler, the celebrated Dissenting Divine; Mr. CoUinson, the ingenious Botanist, wliose researches in natural history have immortalized his name ; Mr. Charles Compton, Treasurer to the Society ; Dr, Cowper, a physician of eminence at Chester ; Mr, Drake, the Historian of York ; Mr, Edwards, the celebrated ornithologist ; Mr. Fairfax ; Mr. Folkes ; Mr. Frank ; Mr, Gordon ; Mr. Hall ; Mr. Hardinge, Clerk of the House of Commons, and one of the Secretaries of the Treasury ; Henry Hare, baron of Colerane : Mr. Martin Leake; Mr.Lethieul- lier; Dr. Charles Lyttelton, afterwards Bishoj) of Carlisle, and President of the Society of Antiquaries; Mr. Locker, many years clerk to the Companies of Leathersellers and Clockmaker;^; Mr. Maitland, the Historian of London ; Mr, Maittaire; J)r. Manges ; honest Tom Martin of Palgrave, whose " Historv of Thetford" Mr. Bowyer lived to begin })rintinecimen of their desire to serve them as well as the author. Several authors have already applied, and souk? works are accepted ; but the Committee have laid it down as a rule, not to begin or set out but ^^ ith the work of some man of genius and merit in Eng- lish ; wherefore, as the learned and ingenious Dr. Middleton, of Cambridge, we hear, is about the Life of Cicero, and greatly advanced therein, 1 should be obliged, if vou would take an opportunity, or any of your friends who know him, to acquaint him, that if he docs our Society the favour to lot them pul^^lish it, I dare venture to assure him, tliat it will be received with honour anil the liighest ap])rol>ation, vvitliout the least formality : 1 shall add, that, in point of interest, it will be a little estate to the Author whose works they begin with, for every mortal will buy it. " You have no doubt heard in what a discourag- ing way Dr. Bentlcv lias usctd our Society; for, tiiough his work of Manilius was ready to be printed, and he desired by several ix'f^plc to have it pub- lished <)2 /K-ARY ANECDOTES OF [173^- lished by the Society; he not only raised such ill- oTounded objections a<]jainst the institution itself, but chose to throw it into the hands of a common Bookseller, rather than in those of the Society, which has not only made several gentlemen of letters and hi^h life exclaim against the discouraging and un- generous act, but will be recorded to the learned world, perhaps, when he is dead and rotten. Such men deserve fleecing from Booksellers ; and I am mistaken if he, or his Editors, will not meet with it: I am sure none will regret them. But it is hoped, nay expected, from the excellent charac- ter Dr. Middleton bears in the world, that our Society will meet w ith other treatment from him ; for it is as much the duty of a great Author to lend a helping hand to encourage and countenance so laudable an institution as is that of this Society, as it is for the Society to assist and encourage the author. 1 he favour of your answer from him I shall greatly esteem ; and the sooner you do me that honour the better, that it may be deposited, if favourable, at the next General Meeting, which is the 3d day of Februar}\ My direction is, at Slaughter s Coffee-house in St. Alartin's-lane. The works of any other ingenious friend or acquaintance, if recommended by you, will always be distinguish- ingly received, I dare say, by the Committee, as will \-our connnands at all times by, Bev. Sir, " Your most humble and obedient servant, Alex. Gokdox." On the few books undertaken by this Society, tliree Printers were employed (I suppose from eaeh Authors having had the privilege to nominate his own friend) ; Mr. Bowyer, Mr. Bettenham, and Mr. Richardson, '11 le statutes of the Societv were dated May :^7, 173^^'- ^'^ 'June that year the number of the iiieiii- bers amounted to 102. 'I'lie Duke of Richmond was their President, and Brian Fairfax, esq. Vice- president : Sir Hugh Smithson (afterwards Duke of North 1736-] TME EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 93 Northumberland), and Sir Thomas Robinson, bart. Trustees for the year. ^The first Committee of Ma- nagers were, Charles Seymour Earl of Hertford, James Hamilton Earl of Abercorn, Edward Harley Earl of Oxford, Earl Stanhope, Lord Percival, Sir Brownlow Sherard, bart, the Hon. William Tal- bot, Dr. Richard Mead, Dr. Alexander Stuart, Dr. Robert Barker, Dr. Addison Hutton, the Rev. Dr. Thomas Birch, Charles Frederick, esq. James West, esq. Major Edwards, Benjamin Marty n, esq, George Lewis Scott, esq. Paul W^hitehead, esq. Mr, John W^ard, professor at (rresham College, James Thomson, esq, Samuel Strutt, esq. Daniel Mackercher, esq. George Sale, esq. the Rev. (icorge Watts. The Auditors were, the Hon. John Talbot, Henry Talbot, Henry Kelsall, Edward Stevenson,. and William Newland, esqrs. It appears by Dr. Birch's MSS. that Mr. Gordon's salary as Secretary was 50/. a year. June 30, 173.9, Mr. Alexander Blackvvell *, " who had had a uni- "* Son of Mr. Thomas lJl;ick\vell, who was one of the nrmi-^trr.s of the town of Aberdeen, and prineipal of tlie Maiischal (,'<)iieii,-e, in whicli office his son Thomas (the V^rotlier of this Alexander) sueeeeded him, being at ilie same time professor of tlie (irerk lanti^uaixt.' in the same universitv. After Itavinj^ received a IJbeial education, he studied pli\sie innkT Hoei'haave at Tj<'V(kn, took the degree of M. D. and acqnired a proiicieney in the "modein languages. He jiosse.ised a good natural geinus, but was some- what llighty, and a little conceited. IJis conversation, how- ever, wa.-) facetious and agreeable; and he niiglil be eon-^iden d on the whole as a uell-ijred accom))lished gentleman. On lii.r return home, happening to stav lome time at The Hagui', be eonti'acled an intimacy uith a Swedi-ih nobli'man. Marrviiig a gentleman'.-^ daughler in the neighl)omhood of Aliiidccii, 1,,- j)i()j)Oscd practising his jn'ofcssion in that part of the king'loiu ; but in two years, lindinghi- expectation.-! di'-ai)iioinr( d, be f.v.v.c to l.,ondon, where he mc( with still le.'-s cncouiartniiiit n- ;i ph}.iieian, and commenced lorreetor of the ]tii-i for Mi' Wiiki;.^ a printer. After some veais s])ent in tbi- ( uijilov mcnl, lie 'Cl up a^ a printer him-c If, and (;u rit'd 011 .Mvcial i;irgc work-. liH i7.il, when he became baidxiupt. In \vi;;il niiuuiti' lie ^ub : tiii from this event till the ;;io\i -mi ntioncd aiijibu aliou vvi do :i it learn, unle.-^ it vva-, in ibe iii^enuitv of bi^ wife, who juibl; b' l ''A (urii^u-, Iieil);il, coniainuig I'iu Ibui. h'ed ( ni~, orthc in-.-t useful Plant.-, wJiicb are novv u-eil in the I'Liclive (.-i' l'b'--''h. 94 'i-lTERARV ANECDOTES OT [^73^'* versity-education, undei'stood some of the modern languages, and had practised the printing-busincsa engraved on folio Copper- plates, after Drawins^ taken from the Life, by Elizabeth Blackwcll. To which is added, a short De- scription of the Plants, and tlicir common Uses in Physick, 1/39," 2 vols, folio. To the fii-st a oluine is prelixed a recom- mendation fi'om' the distingtiishcd names of Dr. Mead, Dr. Teis- sier, Dr. Stuart, Dr. Douglas, Dr. Sherard, Mr. C heselden, Mr. Miller, Mr. Rand,- and Mr. Nickoils, dated Oct. 1, 17:>5 ; and another from the president and censors of the College of Physi- cians, dated July 1, 1737. In or about the year 1740 he went to Sweden, and, rencAnng' his intimacy with the Nobleman he knew at The Hague, again assumed the medical profession, and was veiy well received in that capacity ; till, turning projector, he laid a scheme before Ids Swedish ^Majesty for draining the fens and marshes, which- was well received, and many thousands cm- ployed in prosecuting it under the Doctor's direction, for which he had .some small allowance from the King. This scheme suc- ceeding so well, he turned his thoughts to others of gieater im- iportance, which in the end proved fatal to him. lie was sus- pected of being conccrnetl in a plot with Count Tessin, and was tortured ; which not producing a confession, l)e was beheaded Aug. 9, 1748. The British anibas.=ador \\as recalled from Swe- den in 1748, among other reasons, for tlie impiitations thrcvn on his Britannic Majesty in the trial of Dr. Blackwcll. Sooa after this event appeared " A genuine copy of a Letter from a Merchant in Stockholm, to his Correspondent in London ; con- taining an impartial Account of Dr. Alexander Blackwell, his Plot, Trial, Character, ant! Behaviovir, both undtM" K.xiiminatiou and at the Place of Execvition, togetber \\ilh a Copy of a Paper delivered to a Friend upon tlie Scaiibld; which may now ])erhap-; be deemed a curiosity : " Gentlemen Spectators, I came into you.r country as a stranger, in order to earn an honest livilil\()od in the way of my piofession as a physician. For some years that I ha\ c resided among you, I must acknowl(?dge tliat I met with a reception and encountg-ement beyond any poor meiit 1 can bo^i~t. of, nhicli in gratitude has begot in me a real and sincere allCec- tion for this countiy, and its inlialiitants. As 1 met with civility from all ranks, I cou'd have no j)avticular enmity at any per-on in the kingdom. As my profession avsis all 1 minded (except so far as I was happily instrumental in (h-aining the niarslies of this kingdom), I had no ambition or capacity for meddling in court- affairs, and consequently could have no plot of suj)planting any uf the ministiy. As I had never suifered by the laws of Sweden, and as the constitution nearly resembles that form under which I have been educated, I could have no biass upon me to seek a change in the constitution of this country ; where, whatever form it might assume, I could enjoy no greater liberty than 1 did before, nor could ever expect to be any thing else bi;t a phy- ician. Yet it has been my misfortune to come under the susj)! cion 173^-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTUltt. r)-J for some years, was a candidate to succeed Mr. Gor- don." Mr. Daniel Lyon was afterwards Secretary. Or. Birch's acconipts as Treasurer are presei-ved among his MSS. Mr. Stephen Le Bas, who suc- ceeded him in that office, receivedj Feb. g, 1739, a balance of 59/. 3.V. 9^1. However hberal the idea of such an institution might have been, the execution of it counteracted the intention of its Founders. It was in fact a direct attack on the Booksellers, -who after all are certainly no bad " rewarders of literary merit * ;" and their assistance having been found indispensably necessaiy to the undertaking, a contract was entered into, for three years, with A, Millar, J. Gray, and J. Nourse'l'. cion of acting a pait inconsistent with my character, ability, or even such principles as sliould direct me in the most trifling a^^ well as the most important concerns of life, for which I am now about to suffer J but, as 1 am a dying man, and in those circum- stances wlvere falseliood is of the utmost bad consequence, and can avail me notliing, 1 declare I never intended, plotted, or contrived any alteration or disturbance of the Swedish constitu- tion, nor ever received any encouragement whatsoever on that head from any power whatever, Jis has been falsely surmised. I die in charity with all mankind, and forgive from the bottom of mr heart all those who have injun.'d, oppressed, or calumniated me in any shape, and in the same maimer expect forgiveness from all .such whom I may any ways have injured, espocially of all tho.'^e w ho n)ay be any ways scandalized by the ignominious death which my folly kis brought me to, and that the reputation f the innocent may not sutf'er upon my account. Alexander Bl.\ckwell." * " I snp}>o.sc tliis Society for encouraging l^earning aJJum.^ the Ii()ok.->eliers j for it nnist Ixj at la-st a dow might Tnuling Society, a mere Coiigcr (forgive me if I mis-spell so mysterious a word). [Shjc \o1. I. p. 340.] I hoj)e you will take care to be one of their Printers, for they will certainly be a Society for pneouraging Printing; I-^arning perha|)8 may be (<) far gt all private encouragement." Mr. Clarke to Mr. lioaijtr, f-arlij in IT-iT- + In this period no more than four books were printed ; " Di^.sertatio (k' StructurfV rt Motu Musculari, .Aurtore Ali \- aiidp) Smart, .M.I). Screni-'sim.t! Carftlina' Mag. Rrit. i^c. niijur ilt-gin. Med. Ord. C:oll. Reg. Mel. Iy.ri.. S." 'Ito, 17.^S ; (printi'd by Mr. Ili< luufUon ; for which tho Author obtained a zold medal fjoui the Koyul Academy of Sciences, of wh'n h lur 9(? LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l73^J A new contract v/as afterwards entered into with six other booksellers (Ct. Strahan, C. Rivington^ 1\ Vaillaut, J. Brindley, S.Baker, and .1 . Osborn, jun.) ; whose profits on the bnsiness were so injudi- ciously retrenched, that the avowed purposes of the Society were entirely frustrated *. In 1742, a third method was adopted, and the Society chose to become their own booksellers. The experiment was tried with ^lian " De Anima- libus," 4to. in 1743. A few months were sulhcient was a member J he died Sept. 15, 1742); Sir William Keith's " History of Virginia," 8^o; "^ A Collection of Oiiginal 'setters and Papers concerning- the Affairs of England from the Year 1641 to \660; found among tlie Dulj ' Svo ; and Pi'O- fessor Stuart's " Necessity of Revelation/' 8vo^ 1739. Neither of thc-e \\ orks was large or expensive. * On this plan two books only were published ; "The Negoti- ations of Sir Thomas Hoc, on his Embassy to the Ottoman Porte, from the year 16''2l to lfr2S inclu.-ive, &c." folio, 1740. Of this volume Mr. Richartlson was ostensibly the eilitor as well as prin- ter. He inscril)ed it to the King in a short dedication, %\hich does honour to the ingenious writer. Proposals for publishing live volumes of these Negotiations were circulated in 1730; but the imdcrtaking failing of encouragement, ony this one volume w^as published in 1740, so that the most curious and interesting part of his pai)ers still remain in MS. See the Bioi^rajiJiia Bri- iannica, ?-^. Roe, notelj. " Maxinuis Tyrius" was published in 4to in the same year; and Dr. Warburton, in a letter to Di'. Birch, says, " I am glad that the Society for tlie Encouragement of Learning is in so ijopeful a condition ; though methinks it is a little ominous to set their press a-going with the arrantest so])hist that ever wrote, prepared bv so aritmt a Critic ;" which probably alludes to Max- imus Tyrius; at least the following quotation from another letter shews l)r. Warbmton's sentiments on that volume : " I have a poor opinion both of Markland's and Taylor's critical abilities, f)etween friends : I speak from \\\\i\t I h.ave seen. Good sense is the foundation of criticism ; this it is that has made Dr. Bentley and Bp. Hare the two greatest ciitics that ever were in the work!. \'ot that good sense alone will be sufficient. For that consider- able part of it, emending a corrupt text, thoe must be a certain sagacity, which is so distingiushing a quality in Dr. Bentley. Dr. Clirke bad all the requisites of a critic but this ; and this he wanted. ]>ipsius, Joseph Scaliger, Faber, Isaac V'ssius, Sal- ina.-ius, had it in a gjeat degree; but these are lew among the iiiiiuitc tribe of Crilic:>." MSS. in the British Museum. to 173^0 THE EIGHTfeENTH CENTURY. Qf to demonstrate the impracticability of the attempt ; and before the year was at an end, they again had recourse to three Booksellers, on a plan in some degree enlarged. Thus circumstanced, they pub- lished Bp. Tanner's " Notitia Monastica *," folio, in January 1743-4; and Professor Stuart's English translation of Sir Isaac Newton's " Quadrature of Curves" in September 1745. But their finances were then become almost exhausted, after havinsf expended a subscription of nearly two thousand pounds. The " Bibliotlieca Britannica" of Bishop Tanner was, however, completed under their patro- nage in 1748 ; but, by "A Memorial of the present State of Affairs of the Society, April 17," in that year, it appears they had incurred so considerable a debt as to be deterred at that time from proceeding farther in their project of printing. In this year, amongst other productions from IVIr. Jiowyer's press, were, " A Review of the Doctrine of tht Eucharist, as laid down in Scripture and Antiquity. By Daniel Waterland, D.D." " Jlefiections Military and Political. Translated from the Spanish of the Marquis dc Santa Cruz. By Captain James Ogilvie." A new edition of Mr. Ellis Walker's Paraphrase of the ^"Enchiridion" of Epictetus 'l^. *' An Answer to the iCnquiry into the Meaninf:^ of Demoniacs in the New Testament. By Leonani J wells, M.A." 8vo. *' A Report, with the Appendix, from the Com- mittee of the House of Commons, to \sIiom the Petition of the Courehwardens, (Sec. ot the Parishes '' Of whicli 500 fopics tlif whole iniprr-Mon, of an iinprovivi cditiiin, with tt)ii.--ih as to hate instnic- tion, and used purposely to shun all opportunities of receiving it, I can date some very eai-ly acts of uncleanness. Lying, filthy talking, and foolish jesting, I was nnich addicted to. Sometimes I used to curse, if not swear. Stealing from my mother I thought no theft at all, and u>ed to make no scruple of taking money out of her pocket before she was up. I ha\c frequently betrayed my trust ; and have more than once spent money I took in the house, in buying fruit, tarts, &c. to satisfy my seasual appetites. Numbers of Sabbatlis have I broken, and genei^ally used to behave myself very irreverently in Gods Sanc- tuary. Much money have I spent in Plays, and in the common enteilainments of the age. Cards, and reading Romances, were my heart "s delight. Often have I joined witli otliers in playing roguish tricks ; but was generally, if not always, happily de- tected. For this I have often since, and do now, bless and praise God, It %vould be endless to rec^ount the sins and offences of my younger days they are more in number than the hairs of my head. My heart would fail me at the remembrance of them, was I not assured that my Redeemer iiveth, ever to make inter- cession for m.e. However the yt)ung man in the Gospel might toast how he had kept the Conunandments from his youth, with shame and confusion of face 1 confess that I have broken them all fro)n my youth. Whatever foreseen fitness for salvation others may talk of, and gloiy in, I disclaim any such thing if I trace myself from my cradle to my manhood, I can see nothing in me but a fitness to be damned , and if the Ahnighty had not pre- vented me by hiis grace, and \vrought njost poweifuUy upon my soul, quickening me by his free s])irit \\lien dead in trespasses and sins, I had now cither been sitting in darkne.-s, and in the rbadow of death, or condenmed, as the due reward of my crimes, to be for ever lifiing up my eyes in torments. But such was the iviic grace of Cod 10 me^, that liiough cwruptioa worked so strongly 1737.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Q^ 1 . " The Nature and Necessity of Society in ge- neral, and of Religious Society in particular;" which strongly in my soul, and produced such early and bitter fruits, yet I can recollect very early movings of the blessed Spirit upon my heart, sufficient to satisfy me that God loved me with an everlasting love, and separated me, even from my mother's womb, for the work for which he afterwards was pleased to call me. I had early some convictions of sin ; and once, I remember, when some persons (as they frequently did) made it their business to teaze me, I immediately retirerl to my room, and, kneeling down, with many tears, prayed over that Psalm wherein David so often repeats these words, But in the name of the Lord luilt destroy them. I was always fond of being a Clergyman, used frequently to imi- tate the Minister's i-eading prayers, &c. Part of the money I used to steal from my parent I gave to tlie poor ; and some books I privately took frou othei-s (for which I have since restored four- fold), I remember, were books of devotion. My mother was veiy careful of my education, and always kept mc in my tender years from intermeddling in the least willi the public businens. About the 10th yeai" of my age, it pleased God to permit mv mother to marry a second time. It proved what the world call an unhappy match ; but God over-ruled it for good. When I was about tweh e, 1 was placed at a school called St, Mary de Crypt in Gloucester, the last grammar-school I ever went to. Having a good elocution and memoiy, I was remaiked for mak- ing speeches before the Corporation at their annual visitation. But I cannot say I felt any davvnings of God upon my soul for a year or two, saving that I laid out some of the money that was given me on one of the aforementioned occasions^ in buying Ken's Manual for Winchester Scholars, a book that had much alfeoted me when my brother used to read it in my mother'.i troubles, and which, for some time after I bought it, was of great benefit to my soul. During the time of my being at school, 1 was very fond of reading Plavs ; and have kept from school for days together, to prepare myself for acting them. Mv marter, seeing how mine and my sclicolfeliows vein mn, composed s-jme- thing of tliis kind for us liimself, and caused mc to drcis mvself iu girl's cloaths (which I had often dene) to act a part before the Corporation. The remembrance of this has often covered nie with confusion of face, and 1 hope wiU do so even to the end of my life. BefiHC I was 15, having, as I thought, made n suf- ficient progress in the Classick?, and, at the bottom, longng to be set at liberty from the coufincraont of asc!;()ol. i owe duv i-ud my mother, ' sinco licr cIrcrTnotar.ces would not prrmit her to give me an University education, ii.Dre icai-ning I tl'cught woald spoil me for a tradc-^man, and tiie:cf(;ie I judg^-'d it boit not to learn I^atin any longer.' Sh-' at liist refused to cnn<;cnt ; but my corruptions soon got the better of her good-uatur'. licrc- upon, for some tune, I went to leain t'. -.vn'^o only. Ivm, my mother's circumstances being much un the decline, and b'.ing H 2 tracuiwie 100 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l737' had been first preached at St. Nicholas' church, Bris- tol ; and ajjain before the Religious Societies, at tractable that way, I from time to time began to assist her occa- .Monally in the public-house, till at lni)2;th I p\it on my blue apron and my snuffers, \v;ishecl mops, cleaned rooms, and, in one word, became a professed and commf)n drawer. Notwith- standing I was thus employed in a large inn, and had sometimes the care of the whole house upon my hands, yet I composed two or three Sermons, and dedicated one of (hem, in ])arti('idar, to my elder brother. One time, I remember, 1 was \ery niuch pressed to self-examination, and found myself \-ery unwilling to look into my heart. Frequently I read the Bible when sitting up at night. Seeing the boys go by to school, has often cut inc to the heart. And a dear youth (now with God) woidd often come intreating me, when serving at the bar, to go to Oxford. My genei-al answer was, / wish I could. After I liad continued about a year in this ser\ile emplo3Tnent, my mother was obliged to leave the inn. My brother, Avho had been bred up for the business, married, whereupon all was made over to him ; an.hcd hini^flf by the au- sterities of his devuLion, and acquired eonsidciible eminenec in some religious assemblies in 0\tojd; ' lying whole day> and weeks prostrate on the groouu ii . iini. or vocal j>ra)-er; laving off JOS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l737* 2. '* The Nature and Necessity of Self-denial ; a Sermon preached at St. AndrewV, Holborn." off the eating of fruits ; choosing the worst sort of food, though his place furnished him with variety, thinking it unbecoming a penitent to have his hair powdei-ed ; wearing woollen gloves, a patched gown, and dirty shoes," to contract a habit of humility. At the age of 21, the fame of Mr.^\'hitetield's piety recommended him so much to Dr. Benson, the then Bp. of Gloucester, that he made him a voluntary offer of ordination, which Mr. Whitefield at last thought proper to accept ; and was accordingly ordained, June 10, 1/36. On the following Sunday he preached his first Sermon, at Gloucester, in the church where he had been bap- tized, " on the Necessity and Benefit of Religious Society ;" and in the week following, on his return to Oxford, took the degree of B. A. } and, immediately after this regular admission into the ministry, applied himself to the most extraordinary, the most indefetigable duties of his character ; and was invited to preach in most of the large churches in London ; till, in December 1737, having at length made himself universally known, he embarked for America, where the tenets of Methodism began to spread very feat under his friends the Wesleysj and first determined upon the institution of the Orphan- house at Georgia, which he afterwards effected. He returned to London, after visiting Ireland, in December 173S ; and in January 1739 was ordained priest by Bp. Benson; after which time, the churches not being sufficiently capacious, he preached daily wherever he thought there would be a likelihood of making proselytes 3 in prisons, Jields, and open streets; in church-yards ; on Kennington Common, and in Moor- fields; and particularly to the colliei-s of Kingswood, on Hannam Mount, neau' Bristol. In August 1739 he went a second time to Georgia ; and preached inces-santly in various parts of the Ame- rican Continent. On his return to England, in March 1741, he found that " the Moravians had made inroads upon the socie- ties ; and that Mr. John Wesley had been prevailed on to preach and print in favour of perfection and universal redemption." He preached, however, once, but no moie, at the Foitndery, a place which his friend John Wesley had procured during his absence; and "to have heard the weeping between him and Mr. Charles Wesley, after praj'cr, would have melted any heart." From this time a separation of these sectarian leaders took place ; and a Tabernacle was erected by the friends of Mr. Whitefield, near the Foundery ; which " he disliked, as it looked like erect- ing altar against altar." After this he visited many parts of Eise.x; and preached, on a common near Braintree, to near 10,000 persons. In this year he also visited Scotland ; and was particularly noticed by many persons of considerable distinction. In October, he travelled from Edinburgh to Abergavenny; where he married Mrs. Jones, a widow lady; and from that time till August 1744 continued in England. The next four years ^^ ere jj^aised in America ; whence, after stopping at the Bermuda Llandi, 1737.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 10,^ Of these two Sermons, which were among the earhest of Mr. Whitefield's productions from the Islands, he returned to England, in July 1748, after an absence of four years ; but found his congiegation of the 'J'abemacle sadly scattered, and his own pecuniary afiairs in a very deranged state. But his congregation was soon recruited; and a veiy un- expected incident occurred. The pious and benevolent Countess of Huntingdon, having expressed a desire to see him at her house at Chelsea as soon as he came on siiore ; he went, and, having preached twice, the Countess informed liim, tliat several of tlie Nobility desired to see him. In a few days, the Earl of Chesterfield, and a whole circle of persons of fasliion, attended ; and, having heard him once, they desired to hear him again. *' I therefore preached agjiin," he says, " in t^e evenir^ ; and went home never more surprized in my life. All behaved quite w ell, and \\ eie in some degree affected. The Earl of Chesterfield thiuiked me ; and said, * Sir, I will not tell you, what I shall tell others, how I approve of you;' or words to that purpose. At last Lord Bohngbroke came to hear ; sat like an .\i-chbishop j and was pleased to say, I had ' done grtat juslice to the Divine Attributes in my discourse.' Soon afterwards her Ladyship re- moved to to\vn ; where I preached generally twice a week to very brilliant audiences." In October that year he vwited Scotland for the ihird time. In 1/50 he went to A^hby-de-la-Zouch, to wait on the Countess of Huntingdon, \\ ho had been ill } and, in his way thither, had " a most comf()rtaI)le inteniew, at Northampton, with Dr. Doddiidge, Mr. Heney, and two pious Clergjinen of the Church of England, both known to tlie learned world by their valuable writings." After a long course of peregrination, his fortune increa'^ed, as his fame extended among his followers j and, after preaching for a short time in I^)ng Acre chapel, where " he met all sorts of opposition and diflicul- ties," he begun, May 10, 1750, to build a new Chajjcl at Totten- hamcourt-road; which he opened on the 'iXx of .November; and continued during that winter to preach couunonly in it about fifteen times in e\ery week; and hei-e, and at tlie Tabernacle near Moorfields, with the help of some as'-istants, he continued for M\cr;d vears, attended by vei\- crowded congregation^, and quitting the kingdom only occa^lon'il!\ . Besides the Tabernacle ;uid Chapel already mentioned, by being cbaphiin to theCounteys of Huntingdon, he was connected with two other nligiouH meet- ings, one the cekbrated Ch:ipel at Bath, which lie oi)en('d in July 177j" sold by C. Favingtouj 8vo. f First printed in 1733. ; See p. 46. " I did not apprehend, by your former letter, that I was to read this Essay upon the Freedom of Debate either as Critick or Corrector j and now I have not leisure to set seriously to it till after next week. The Author, whoever he is, is master both of himself and the subject ; but general taste is so uncertain a thing, who can judge of it ? I think he is sometimes too dif- fuse, and sometimes too methodical ; here keeping to the strict-: ncss of demonstration, and there leaving the argument for the cake of orjiaments. Besides;, the good design of it 'vvill be no advan-t 1737.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I05 paid a particular attention to it. The copy-right of this volume was regularly assigned over to him by the author (Mr. Henry Anderson*) with an express permission to alter it as he thought proper; a liberty xvhich, I believe, he exercised very liberally. A new edition of Dr. Grey's " Memoria Technica." The first part (164 pages in folio) of " The History and Antiquities of the County of Northampton -j~^'* advantage to its sale. On the right side of the question, a book must be excellently well wrirtea in all i-espects to be generally read ; when one with half the sense or spirit on the other shall succeed much better. I wish it much succe.^ri, and think it de- serves it. There are some little particularities in expression, which I do not so well like ; p. IJ-i, 1- 3, ' with some Inde.v expurgatoriusj' scarce English. Ibid. 1. 7, ' a book not near so bold as the Grounds and Reasons and the Moderator." I do not understand that sentence clearly I suppose it should be, or the Moderator ; the comma is wanting. P. 270, ' The Heidlebergh's Cntechismus,' why not The Heidlcberiih Qitechism P The Aus- burt^h's Conftssio would .-jouud odd. Who is your author?" Ji/'. Clarke to Mr. Bowtjcr, 1737. * Who died March 18, 17G1. t This valuable work ^^:ls lirst projected, and begiui in the j-ear 1719, by John Bridges, cnq. of Barton Segrave, near Ket- tering, a bencher of Lincoln's Inn. solicitor to the Customs lC9r>, and a commissioner in I7II ; ca.-^hier of Kxcise 171ij. a governor of Bridewell and Bethlcm hospitals; and F. 8.A. 171H ; a man in the highe.-^t degree qualified to direct .-uch an undertaking, of pound judgment, various and e\t('n.^ive learning, and e(|u:ii skill and diiigenro in the invcstigatiftn of Antiquilie-; who ])r()j)Tly commenced his career by a }>ers()n;il \i>itation of e\(i y parish in the Countv. \Vc have it from the authority of a brother Anti- quary, Browne Willis, that he exjK'Uckcl .-cveral ihousHud poinid- on this pursuit; and the trai)sciii)ts thus collected eKtendnl to wards of '-50 volumr.', in folio. llis practical attention to his profps.sion was probably })rtvented hy the pro.-pect of a private fortune, and the liiciative places uhich he enjoyed; but '-ouie minont writers, and pmtitularly Hearne, have borne vtry hon- ourable tf.~timony to hi.^ knowknlge, and jnvjfc-srd thcm-clvts indfhtcfl to his friendly comnmnications. About lbV;,"> he pur- chased the manor of Barton Segrave (Hi.-tory of N(;it]i;unpton- .>hire, vol. 11. p. 218) ; and died, at hi- ( liainbi n in Lincoln's Inn, March 16, n2'A-'i ; after having, by hi-, la-t will, dated Aug. 8, 172;{, directed all his book^ and .Vl^S. to be >old, ard out of the sale r,(K)l. to his brother. Nathaniel and Ralph. He excepted .such MSS. as related to hia intended History of Nortli- aniptori.-hire, with all bra.ss plate.-, print.-, or rlraughts, relating to that design 3 \vhich wtie left a-: an heir-loom to liL- i'umilv, to 106 LITERARY ANECDOTES Of [l737- by that able Antiquary John Bridges, Esq. of Barton Segrave, near Kettering, who spent many to- be comniitted to such person or persons as should be thought proper to carrj'on that dcj^ign, and to be kept locked up in a distint^t press and boxes. His collection of books was so judicious, that the catalofcue of his librarj- (sold after his death by Cock, during; 07 daijs, each day in two parts, whith produced 4000'.) is still retained as valuable by e\t'ry Collector. To the Catalogue was prefixed a print by A. Rlottc, of an oak felled, and thi.s motto, iZfio; tc;a-iji7r,; vret,; amp ^vX-ii-rxi an aifecting memento to the collectors di great librai-ies, who cannot or do not lea-ve them to j-ome public acces.sible repository. ITie prints and books of prints, containing a fine collection of Hollar's Works, Nanteuil's^ and Morin's heads, the antient and modem statues, buildings and niins, &e. together with three famous MvSS. mentioned in the last page of the printed Catalogue of books, were sold by Cock, March 24, 1725. To this latter sale, Humphrey Wanley aJhides (see vol. I. p. 93.) A portrait of Mr. Bridges, taken by ^p Godfrey Kneller in 1706, was engraved by VVrttie in 17'26" j and in the ehurch of Barton Segrave he is thus recordeil : " JoHANNEM Bridges, Araiig. Ltterarum et Literatorum amantissimum, ingenti LibroiTim supellectili superbientemj et quajdam de patriis Antiquitatibus coa])tantem, placuit D. O. M. in pulverem et torram dirucrc, ubi omnia ilia percunt. Natus Binfioldiaj in iigro Berk. Ufortalitatis exuvias deposuit apud Hospit. Lincoln. anno SaUitis 1724, ittatis 58. Hoc marmor sepulchi'ale Brook Bridges propriis sumptibus poni curavit, A.D. 1753," Tlie Northamptonshire MSS. were (by his brother Williain, Secretary of the Stamp-office) put into the hands of Mr, Gii)bons, stationer and law-bookseller, at the Middle Temple-gate ; who circulated proposals for a subscription, and engaged Dr. Samuel Jebb, a learned physician at Stratford, in Essex, to prepare it for publication in numbers. The fiist number, printed in aljout four years after, was succeeded by a second, making together 160 pages, and containing the Inmdrcds of Fawley, A\arclon, and Norton, with %iews of Daventi-y church and priory (now both pulkd ilown), and Catcsby monastery. Four pages more (containing the rectory of Green's Norton, alia* Norton Davy, in the deanry of Bracklcy) ^vcre printed oft 'as the beginning of a third number. These, with all the pajiers in Mr. Bowyer's hands, were delivered in 1/42 to Mr. Gibbons ; who afterwards becoming a bankrupt, the subscriptions could not be reco'i ercd^ and the work was discontinued. The greatest pait of the plates, which 1737.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. IO7 years in collecting materials, and spared no expence in surveying every parish, &c. Seven thousand which had been engraved (from accurate drawings made by the fornousTillemans,who was paidagxiineaaday, and by other artists) were dispersed and sold, and few only were afterwards recovered. Toms the engraver had several ; and Mr. Rawlinson purchased ten, now in the Bodleian Libraiy. Mr. New, F. S. A. had im- pressions of 20, and Dr. Ducarel of \6. Some views of Peter- borough minster, &c. were in the hands of Mr. Bathurst, book- seller, as specimens. Many uiiengraved drawings, with the map of the county nearly finished by Tiiomas Eayre of Kettering, were in 1749 in the pos.es.sion of Mr. Bridges's executor, the Rev. Brooke Bridges, of Sidney Sussex, college, Cambridge, rector of Orlingbury, Northamptonshire. In the MS library of the late Marquis of Lansdown (No. 752) were, " Topographical Notes of PaiTshes in Northamptonshire, collected for the Use of John Bridges, Esq. of Barton Segrave, in that County;" and also (No. 772, 773.) " More particular Enquiries, containing an Account of 32 Parishes in Northamptonshire, collected for John Bridges, Esq. 1719-20," 2 vols. 4to. (which are now in the library of the British Museum). But the greater part of the collections remained with Dr. Jebb, who had recei\ ed little or no compen- sation for his labour ; till, in 1755, the gentlemen of the County very spiritedly took up the basiness. The late excellent William Cartwright, of Aynho, esq. one of the County-nxenibers, advanced money to satisfy Dr. Jebb, and obtained pOisession of the MSS. ; and a Committee was f(3rmed, of which Sir Thomas Cave was chairman, for the express ])urpose of coiiducting the publication. At an .Assize-meeting, 1755, the Rev. Peter ^Vhalley of Courteer- haU, and Mr. Benjamin Buckler, of All Souls (afterwards D. D. and keeper of the archives at Oxford) a gentlenian of abilities and general eiuflition, attended ; and Sir Thomas (Jave recom- mended r>r. Ducarel. Ihe geneial sense of the Committee was in favour of Mr. Buckler (who \v;is to have had 600/. for his trouble) ; and at the ballot Mr. Whalley had 5, Mr. Buckler had 4, and Dr. Ducarel 3 votes. The Committee were, Sir Edwaid Isham, and Sir Thomas Cave, barts.; William Cart u right, Charles Comp- ton, Anibro.se Istcd, and John Palmer, eqr:>. ; Rev. Dr. Circy, Dr. Stonehfuse, Rev. Messrs. Lockwood, L\c, Wilk.'-, and Wha- ley of Ecton. Mr. Buclvler, after pfrii.sal, deelineil (he work us too complicated. The materials were tlun cntni.-,tcd to Mr. Whalley; by whom the compilation wa^ fonned, except what Dr. Jebb had (hawn up, which wunud (.oncciion. a-, the whole (iid enlargcnunt in bio^i,Taphical and otlicr article^. The fir-t lb"4 pages wore reprinted, and coiniJri.M'd in 150, cxdus-ivc of Sutton hundred, introduced before that of \oiton. The fir.-t volume apjKi'.red in 1762, and the iir^t part of the seif)nd in 17'^''9 ; when a new delay aro.s*^-. from the (l('ath.-> of Sir Thomas Cave and most of tie Cftunniifcf, uluch !)(< ame at la.st reduced tu ior Xhoiriis Cave (soii of thf foimcr; and Sir WiUi^un Doibrn, hart.s l-OS LITKRARV ANECDOTES U [l737 copies of his Proposals for printinpj the book (>vliich were on a whole sheet, with red letters in barts. The work stopped at the Uni^'er^ity press at Oxford seven yeai-sj and Mr. Prince, being considerably out of pocket, applied to the gentlemen of the County at the Assizes, when it w-as re- sumed under a new Committee, and brought to a final issue. It was announced in January 1791 for delivery, as soon as Mr. Ayscough could prepare the index ; which occasioned a delay of near nine months, during which it acquired several additional plates, and Mr. Faden's general map, with the latest corrections; and was delivered to the subscribers at the original price of four g\iineas. Vol. I. contains 12 plates, and a large fnap ; vol. II. 2(> plates. In this mimber 38 are included five or six new ones, given just before publication. Those of Fothcringhay and Luffvvick were contributed by J. Nichols ; who, jointly with Mr. Da.sh of Ket- tering, gave also the plate of Northamptonshire Tokens. A large collection of original drawings by Tillpmans, Eayre, and others, lay for some time at Mr. Payne's, at the Mews-gate, with a catalogue, for the inspection of those who might be di.-.posed to contribute plates of their seats, or of any A'enerable remains of antiquity. Of all these a list is given in Gent. Mag. vol. LXI. p. 1129. Mr. Whalley deserves every praise for arranging this mass of materials during the laborious engagement of superin- tending the grammar-school of Christ'^ Hospital. His retire- ment to the living of Horley in Surrey, in the gift of the gover- nors of that Hospital, gave him leisure to complete it ; but an mifortimate derangement of his affair.^, and the inattention of tlie gentlemen of the County, delayed it from 1779 (at the close uf which year it was actually proinised for publication) till 1791. Though we are left, ho^^ever, to regret that a parochial \isita- tion had not been repeated previous to the publication, as rruich information might certainly ha\e been added ; yet, \mder all dis- advantages, Mr. Bridgcs's History of Northamptonshire is a model to all (-ounty Historians ; and it is heartily to be wished that some Native may be found, heir to his skill and public .spirit, and meet with due encouragement to continue the labours of Mr. Bridges. I ha\c many materials for the purpose ; which should not bo withheld from any one qualified for the task. William Bridges, esq. secretary to the Stamp-office, married Martha daughter of Robert Hart, of Brill, co. Berks, esq. by whom he had one son, John Bridges, esq. of Barton Segrave ; who married Margaretta Horton of Gumley, and died in July 1741. Pfter IVhaUe.y was born Sept. 2, 17-2, at Kugby, in the county of Warwick, although his father, Richard Whalley, w:i5 of an antient Northamptonshire family. He was admitted at Tdei-chant Taylois scliool, in London, .lanuaiy the 10th, 1731 ; whence, on June 1 i, 17'1<), he was elected scholar of St. John's college, Ox- ford 5 and three years after admitted fellow. After quitting the University, he became vicar of St, Sepulchre. Northampton. In 1706 1737-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 109 the title-page) were circulated in 1735, and sixteen hundred and fifty more in 1737 * ; the subscription four guineas. " Wotton's Short View-|- of George Hickes's Grammatical^ Critical, and Archeological IVeasury 1766 he applied to the Corporation of London, to succeed Dr. Birch in the rectoiy of St. Mai-garet Pattens ; and in liis address to them said, " I have neither curacy nor lectureship, but a small country vicai-age, whose clear annual income is under seventy pounds, and which, if I merit your indulgence, will be necessarily Toid," He obtained this rectory Feb. 5, that year; and aftenvards added to it the \icarage of Horley in Surrey. He took the de- gree of B. C. L. Jan. '29, 176*S ; and in the October following was chosen msister of the grammar-school of Christ's Hospital, which he resigned in 1776, but aftenvards accepted ll^at of St. Olave, and acted as a justice of the peace in the Borough, fie was the author of, 1. " An Essay on tlie Manner of writing History, Lond 1746," 8vo, containing S28 pages ; 2. "An Enquiiy into the Learn- ing of Shakspeare, with Remarks on several Passages of his Plays, 1748," 8voj 3. "A Vindication of the Evidences and Authenticity of the Gospels from the Objections of the late Lord Bolingbrokc, in his Ivctters on the Study of History, 1753," 8vo ; 4. "An Edition of the Works of Ben Jonson, with Notes, 1756," 7 vols. 8vo; which he had long since revised, and prepared for a new edition (the materials for which passed into the hands of Mr. Waldron, the ingenious continuator of " The Sad She])lierd, 1/83.") 5. " A .Sermon preached at Sf. Sepidciue's, Nortluiinptcjn, on the Fast- day, Feb. 17, 1758," 8\o; G. " The Institution of Public Chari- ties ; a Sermon preached at Christ's Hospital, Sept. ^1, 1763, before the Governors of the several Royal HosiJital.^, 1763," 4to ; 7- "Sernum before the Sons of the CUrg\ , at St. Paul's, May 17, 177'^>," 4to. Mr. Wliailev was also author of a Copy of Verses prelived toHerveys "Meditations;" and, before he went abroad, took in subscriptions, at a guinea ea( ti, lor a ijuarto lli-^U^ry ol the several Rovid Ho-pitals of London. * I mention tiie number of Prcjposals that were prinlcul, as at. that peiiod an extraordinary eircuinstance ; and the more m), as scarcely any of them are now to be met with. After repeated inquiries, I have never seen a single eop\ of them. f " Dr. Wotton's ' Conspen tu.- brevi^i' \\;is tron-lati d into Engli.-h by Mr. Sbelton for bi-- own improvement, and publi-hed to shew that one of hib Ma/^^tys Ju-ticis of the l\aee may have hvw^i:. and a ta'-, "I am so niu( h .-urjii i/cd at tlm atehievcmeut of your friend in Sutiolk, tliut 1 know not what to .>,;iv to it. H( nmst .-ureiy have a great love fur trau'-l;iti;i^e lid LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7.S7- of the antlent Northern Languages; with some Notes, by a Lover of the antient Northern Literature, give him a considerable figure among his Brethren of the jQuorum, and shew that he was acquainted with our laws in their tii-st ori- ginal, and able to take them, as Ralpho did first matter, all alone, before one rag of form was on. I believe Di\ Wotton never thought of making any improvements to this work, and might possibly beUeve that it wanted none. He made a present of it to Dr. Hickes, as a compliment for the great pains he had taken in opening a way to the Northern Literature. I have some let- ters of Dr. Hickes's by me ; but I think none of them worth printing ; besides, they have all of them some little piivatc atlairs not worth communicating to the p\iblick. Dr. Hickes took care of the impression J and the notes (which I believe is a secret) are all his, except those upon the Saxon coins by Mr. Tliwaites. This Dr. Hickes had no mind to have known, that it might not look too much like puffing ; and therefore they have been gene- rally quoted for Dr. Wotton's, as in Water land's " History of the Athanasian Creed," p. 129, second edition. By this you will see, that Dr. Wotton could never think of any additions to this work ; it was carefully examined by the author of the Thesaurus, and made such as he would have it ; a little sketch of his design, to raise the curiosity of the leader to farther inquiries, or (as you would say in the Trade) to call-in customeis. It would be of no use to let your friend in Suffolk be acquainted with this secret, who perhaps would like the work never the better for thinking Dr. Hickes had such a hand in it. As to the question about Juries, Dr. Hickes (as you know) had taken much pains to shew ihiit compurgators and juries ilifl (as he expresses it) toto ccclo differ re; and for no other reason that I can see, but because juries were antiently used in Scandinavia, and were in some respects dif- ferently modeled from the old compurgators ; but I still think, that the Welsh laws have a manifest agreement between them in so many particulars, that the original of juries must be accounted for in that manner. It is of no use to enquire, whether the cus- tom of using compurgators had its original from the civil or th-e canon law. That, from the seventh century downwards, com- purgators were uni\ersally made use of wherever the feudal law prevailed, is very evident ft'om those laws mentioned in Ina's laws 693, and in Lotiiaire and Edric's 673; [see Feud. lib. 1. tit. iv. sect. 2. and tit. x. and tit. xxvi. sect. 1.] And what is more observable in these lavv's, the number of compurgators is ex- pressly fixed to twelve; Dabitur ei defensio cum duodecim sacra- mentalibus. And the same number was frequently introduced ainong all those nations whose laws were formed upon the feudal customs, as Lombards, Aleman^^, &c. But the Saxons, thinking it not so reas(jnable that the same number of compurgatoi's should be neees-arv in all crises, ordered that tlie number should differ aecor'ling to the NATiJRE and importance of the question controvert.-: I'i quls Tcds miri.*ru-\ homicidii incusef, ii 1737'1 THE EIGHTEENTH CEMTURY. HI and an Appendix to the Notes, faithfully and intirely translated into English from the Latin Originals, si se purgare audeat, faciat hoc xii ministris regis. Si qnis aut'erm ministrum incuset, qui viinuris cognationis [t. e. conditionls] sil quam miniater regis, purgabit so per xi siti cequales, et unum regis viinistrum [i.e. duodecim sacramentalibus iaferioris ordinLs]. Et ita in qualieet lite qua major est quatuor mancutis, fi. e. soli- dis '24.) Leg. Sax. p. 47, sect. .3. If the thing in question, or tlie damage sustained, was ^'ahlcd at above four marks, then twelve compurgators were necessary; if not, a less number Aveie vSufiicient. And, to guaid more eirectually jigjiinst ftaud and perjury, the Saxons intix)duced two sorts of compurgatoi? to determine the same question, called the greater and lesser oatlu How this was, is indeed not fully explained in what remains of the .Saxon constitutions ; but among the Welsh, who had the siime custom, it is verv" clear. The greater oath consisted of compurgators who were gentlemen ; the lesser oath, of comjmr- gators of oitlinary condition. Their number was generally the .-^anie, but the nature of their oath different ; the gentlemen weix; to swear that the defendant's oath ap])ear to them most ])roba- ble; the common people, that they believed the defendants true; and with this nj0rt remarkable differem'e, that the oath of the lesser comjiurgators, imlcss all tlieir number Jigreed in it, %vas of no force: but the oath of the greatei- compurgators was valid if a majority of their number agreed in it. There was therefore among these compurgators almost every cusvom that i? remark- able among our grand and petty juries. Tiiey were < ailed so, not from the number of the jurors, or the nature of their office, but from the condition of tlie persons who served in theui ; their verdict or oath was exactly corresjKjndent to that of the juriLS now in use; for, in the verdict of a petty jury, all of them must be. agreed ; but the frrand jury can a(CUr-;e or acquit tiie par tv, though all of them should not agree in thci)' opini(jn. Whv therefoie ii\\i-it the original of juiii s be asc ribed to William the Conqueror ? or wliat did he do that could entitle hiui to be tlie author of them > Why he tixed them to the number xii, and not less ; for grand juries are now (I believe) always more thaii twelve. [Dehitoria excedat duodecim quoties Judici placueiit -, uoa autem deticiat, ut in quibu.'-dam abis jurati'i irujuusiturlis.] Was not twelve (or more than twehe) lVe(}uently, though not con.stantiy, the number of compurgators in the Saxtm times ? and was it not the oi iginal number in tiie old feudal lasvs ? But the Nurmans, though by no means the authors of this custom, acted vci-y }>olitiely in the management of it. C (for any thing that apy)ear-> to the conti'.iry) might be any per* sons of a proper rank, whom the defendant could procure to appear and swear for him. This did not so well answer thtt Norman purposes in their first settlements here; the Saxons would have succeeded n^iUeh better in their civil dispute^ with them, than xt wa? intended they -).auld, if the old custom of the J'fe'idaiifs 11 S{ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1/37. by Maurice Sheltoii, of Barningham hall in the County of Suitblk, esq. one of his Majesty's Justices defendant's finding his compurgators had continued ; they were therefore from this period placed in the nomination of the Crown, and by that means the Normans had a greater influence upon them. This I take to be tlie true state of the case with regard to juries. Jiu'ies and .sacraninitnks are not supposed to be ex- actly the same, but only its father and son, of one original ; and as to Welsh antiquities, they only help to clear some of our antiont customs with relation to ^compurgators, and make us imdcrstand their oihce better ; they pro^ e nothing as to the point itself. Spelmau's obscr\ations about the different extent of povvei- in grand and jjctty juries, is a mistake ; there is now no such difference, ^^ hate^ er there was in his time. As to the compurgators beuig provided, or summoned by the defendant, it is of no moment} they tried the cause, just as our juries do, i. e. it was determined by their oath or verdict. What Dr. Wood says may be very true, that he knows no law that obliges a grand jiuor to be a freeholder ; yet I believe they are always gentUmen, though by no other law now, but antient and perpetual tisage. [See p. 16"0.] Jiuios in an assize upon a Writ of Right were always liberl homines. ^Glanv. 1. ii. c. 11. 1. ix. c. 7- vol. II. p. 71.] But Dr. Hickes's account of them is certainly very wrong : In ea maxima dijferunt [i.e. compurgatores et juratores] quod numcrus cunipurgaturum inccrtits erat, ut qui au^cri solebat pro rvi vcl cansw quce agebatur momento ; et pro nuniero consacravientalium qui jurabant compurgatio majus vel minus sncramentum dictum, est. [Diss. Epist. p. i55.] The first part of this account is plainly confuted by the Saxon kms, and the latter by the W^elsh. And it is ridiculous to look for our customs among the old planters of Scandinavia, where there is no sort of history before the tenth century, when we can so readily account for thiise customs from the feudal laws. [ilialmar. And Feudal Laws first written under Fred. 1. A. D. 1158.1 I think it is high time to dismiss the juries ; but, before I ha^e done with Dr. Hickc.-, I think you might take notice that his fixing the Saxon pound always at lx shillings, and the shilling always at v pence, is undoubtedly a mistake. Silver in the Saxon times Wiis not alua\s of the same value : when it was the highest, v pence made a sliilling, and XLV III shillings a povmdj when it was lower, iv jnnce made a shdling, and ix shillings a pound. The weight of the j)cnny was probably the same in both cases, but the value lessened in the latter ; and as the weight of their penny was not diminished, there was no otlier method of accommodating it to the value of silvei-, but by i-aising or lessening the value of the penny. Unless this different proportion of the penny to the shilling be allowed of, the computations of money in the Saxon laws cannot be ac- counted for. i3ishop Fleetwood [Chron. Pret. ]). "29], to remove this difficulty, was for altering the text of the laws ; but, with- out taking so unwarrantable a liberty, aiteiing the value of the penny ^7S7] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, II3 of the Peace for the said County, &c. Author of the First Edition. To which are added, by the same Translator, other curious and proper Notes for a farther Illustration of the Text ; a short Appendix of Notes of Correction, &c. and a Dedi- penny clears all the difficulties. This might be another note upon p. 61, of the Conspectus," Letter from Mr. Clarke to Mr. Bowyer, without date. " Neither of the gentlemen (p, 159) write with that clearness and precision that they would ha\ e done, if they hod really been right. As to gentlemen, I have been told that the late Sir Gregory Page had three East India bonds of 100,000Z. each. I suppose if he had had no title, nor an inch of freehold, but lived in hii'ed houses suited to his fortune, nobody would liave questioned his gentility, or doubted his fitness for being on a gi-and jury ; and as to freemen, they may be totally different from freeholders, though the confusion of them is very common. The excellent Dr. Burn (Westm. p. "^l), describing ' a set of tenants in pure villenage, who were bound to the lord, as members of, and an- nexed to, the manor, and usually sold with the fann to which they belonged' fcum eorum corporibus et eorum sequelis is the veiy term, now applied only to cattle, as a mare or cow with its follower, i.e. the young one), adds, ' It was in contradiction to iliese, that the others [tenants] were called /ree; which observa- tion ought es])ecially to be noted, otherwise we shall fall into great confusion in abundance of instances ; for wherever free men, free tenants, or free holders are mentioned of old time, by these arc not to be understood what we now call free holders, but only that they were not villans or bondmen. All our mili- tary ancestors within tiK' se\eral customary manors are styled /rec tenants, hut the lands vvcre not free hold [to them] according to tl)'- m')dern acceptation .li'ilie word.' The same leained writer, ]). ]'), tran.cribe3 from Litileton the form of performing homage, which was the most honourable [i. e. the least dishonourable] Sf^nice, and most huuible service of reverence, that a /ree tenant can do to his lord, &c. een tnicc married. The fir.-^t \\i(c was buried in Barn- ingham cinu'ch j the second (who sur\i\ed him) in Coney Weston clmrcii. "An ^737'] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. H3 '^ An Epistle to jNIr. Pope, in Anti-heroicks. [By Lord Paget *] ." " A Practical Grammar of the English Tongue : or, a rational and easy Introduction to speaking and writing English correctly and properly ; peculiarly adapted to the Nature and Genius of the Language, and free from the hard and unnecessary Terms of the Latin Rudiments. The whole treated of in expressive Terms and familiar Style, and in the most natural and instructive Method, viz. that of Question and Answer. Designed for the Use of Schools ; and, though calculated chiefly for the Use of the Fair Sex, and such as require only an English Education, may yet be an useful Foundation for those who are designed for higher Studies. By William Loughton, Schoolmaster at Kensington. 7'he second edition, with improvements, in a neat j)ocket volume, beautifully printed on a good paper and large character -|-," " A new and accurate Method of delineatinj; all the Parts of the dilferent Orders in Architecture, * Thomas Catesby, lord Paget, son of irenry first Earl of Uxbrid^'-e, by Marv, daughter and coheir to Thomas Catesby, esq. of Whislon in Northamptonshire. He was M. P. for Stafford, 1714 and 17'2'2 ; loi'd of the bed-chanibL-r to the Prince of Wal''; and, on his accession to the tlr.one as George II. was coniinucd in t]>c- iriie post. He died at Drayton, near Uxbiidge, ia January 174'-, ubou 18 inoalhs before his father; so that he i- t(j be rcgaide i u- one of iho-e piesumpti\e Peers %\hom I^rd Orford lias " called uj) bv writ." He w;.s autlior of " An Essay on iiuuian Life," in ver>e, \7-'A, 8vo. (of which the ^/!l^^., all whifh he cuilccted into one volume, 8vo, 1741, but printed only a few copies to give awav. Of this Col- led ion, ncjw hicome e>:lrcm<^ly rare. Mi. Biiniley possesses a <;()py. .See Park.; (ditioii of the Royal and Noble Authors, vol. IV. 1). 178. t Price \s.('ul. bound, v. ith allowances to school -masters, and tli-Kc who buy a niunber : now read witii unl%cr3al approbation, and is the bc:)t and cluape.'-t of it>5 kind. ('niier^al Spcvtalof, Feb. 2G, 1736"-7. See " The Proirrcs of l>anu[)s F.pi.-tolaiy Cont -MondctK.', edit. I'i'.iH. t \ spurious (^litioa had been ad\riti>td by T. C<)\, uilli an 5LS.s\iran( e that hh edition wa.'- ^^iuin>- Sci- the Weekly Mi.seel- ]anv, Aup:. 11, iT'db; and London Kvenin|j;: i'o.-t, Au-; 10 and Au^^'22, i7JH. ' J \w 122 LITERARY ANECpOlES OF [l738. " The almost Christian ; a Sermon preached by Mr. Whitefiekl at the Parish-church of St. John Wapping." " Of Justification by Christ ; a Sermon preached bv Mr. Whitefield at the Parish Church of St. Au- thoHn." , " The heinous Sin of profane Cursing and Swear- ing; or the common Swearer detestable in the Sight of God and Man *. By Mr. Whitefield." " The great Duty of Family Religion; or Joshua's Resolution worthy the Imitation of every Master * Some memoirs of Mr. Whitefield, principally on his own authority, have been given in p. V8 : but the number of his Scmions printed by Mr. Bowyer in 1/38 may be an excuse for enlarging on the circvmistance of the poj)ularitv which with tlie most astonishing- rapidity he attained. His debut as a j)reacher was at Gloucester in 173G; at Bristol in 1737 ; and by the begin- ning of 1739 he had displayed \\h> talents in the. pul{;its of many of the largest churches in the Metropolis and its neighbouihood; and in some particular parisl.es, where his interest was not suf- ficici^t to obtain the use of tl^e church, he held forth on the tomb-stones in the chu.rch-yai(l. Ihis 1 know to have been the case at Islington ; where the no\eUy was so attractive, that tlie then incumbent. Dr. Stonehouse, had to lament the temporary desertion of the greater part of his flock ; a c'rcumstance which he took so deeply to heart that it was thought to ha^c hn--tened his death. The Sermons which Mr. Whitefield printed were purchased with the greatest avifiity. His );ortrait was multi- plied by various comjjetitors ; and his a;5sistancc was requested Ijy the benevolent General Ogletliorjje, whom he accorciingly accompanied to Georgia 3 prcaclnng con.-5tan{Iv during the vovage, and in all places ^^here lie had tlie oj)})Oii'>a!!ty, till hi.? return in 1738, when he published a Journal of hi- Voyage (see p. 121), which, like his portrait, was eagerly contended for by rival publishers. In the year 1739 a &a)ai1 voluuie of his Sermons was pubhshcd by C. Davis, aj)pareiiily by authority, with the Head of the Author, unckr tlie tiile of " Tlie Doc- trines of tlie Gospel asserted and -.indicated, in Eighteen ge- nuine Sermons, upon the following Subjects: vi;:. 1. Of Justifi- calion by Clirist. 2. The Almost (Jhristian. 3, The Extent and Reasonableness of Self-Denial. 4. Tiie Neces.ity and Bercfits of Religious Societies. 5. Intercession every Christian's Duty. 6. The Great Duty of Famih Religion. 7- The heinous Sin of piofane Cursing and Swearing. 8. Thankfulness for Mercies received, a necessary Duty. 9. The Eternity ject worthy the choice of every man, will appear at least pardonable. Many are the ways bv which the God of this world endeavours to lead men blindfold to destruction ; and surely it will not be thouglit a work of supererogation to expose those deceits and delusions, and dis- perse those mists of error, that cloud the understanding, and bring the safety of our souls into tlic utmost peril. Whoever professes himself, or would be thought a Christian, must confess, that iheie is no other name given among men, whereby we can be sa\cd, but that of the blessed Jesus; and that the doctrines and precepts contained in the Gospel are the only rules for his conduct and })ractiee, the ohjecls of liis tUitii, and the foundation of his hope and ha])piness. He whose persuasion is thus grounded, will not be displeased to see the way of his sahation made easy, and the things which he is to believe and ja-actisc proved, ex- plained, and enforced, from reason and irrefragablo argumcjit. The design then of the following Sermons is, to establish such truths as of late have been made the subjects of riihcule and banter by the profane wits anil s:(jff"ers of the age; to set right tho~ whf) have been misled liy soj)hi.;t ical ar;j:nnuMits of men tiiat design nothing ies.s than the honour of Go;! and the gi'orl of souls ; and to vindicate the honour of the Gospel, to dissert the truth and reasonableness of its d(jctrines, anrl to defend its Author, tlie bles.sed Je^us, ag'ainst the attacks of his profe,sse(.l enemies, and (lie b;ise, cowardly, or treaclierous practices of his false or weak fri( nds." Such y./.v ?Jr. fihitc/ieltl's first Prcfitve. Anotlutr CoIie(;tiou was pn})li.-hed in the -aineyear, '"sold }i\the Ijookscllcrs in Town and Country," iniitulci, " Tiic ( hri-iian's Conii)anion: or, Sei'inons on .se\cral Sul/ii'ds-. containing, l.Di- reeiions how tolieirS.-r.non- : aStn'monpicacIicdut ( ii: i- ['s( Imnh in ^pilallield.-, London. ^i. Worldly iiiisiu'ss no J'iti iov the -Neglect of Religion; a Sernio,i ])Vra(li;d at \\\r l',:i isli-Churcli of St. Lawrence, bid Jcwjy, Londoii. .;. i'l-e M uks of the New Birth; a Senuoa pnaehcd -.'X St. .Mary, Whiliv hapel. 4. The l')\ver of Christ's Resurrer'tirn ; a S'imoa i-n aehed ; t WVr- bo.rglis, in the City of Rristol. .'.. 'I'lu- Duty of ^ciuchii';- the .Scriptures; a Sermon prcaciicd a, ilic l'ari.-:h-^- hun li u\ >t. Mi- iiatcr of the Church of England." The Ninth of these Discourses is thus particularly addressed (o the Inhabitants of Sa\annali in Georgia : " My dear Friends, Thotigh the following Sermon has been preacbed elsewhere, yet, as th>e occasion of my prciiihing it among you wius jmrticidar, as you seemed to g'ne an uncommon attention to it ij\ jjublick, and afterwards expressed your satiefaetion in it to me wlien I came to * isit you in your own private houses ; I thought pioper 10 offer it to you. And here I raimot but b.lefs Ciod for the gericnJ fii^!ijve of Innetical principles that I haAC found among you ; as also f[)r your zeal and ajfjjrobation of my conduct, when the glo3y of God and your welfas c have obliged me to icscnt and publicly declare against the antichristian tenets of some latelv under my charge. I need only exhort you to l)"g of G(kI to gi\e )0u a tiue faith, and to add to jour fiitii virtue, that you may adorj"; the Gospi 1 of our Lord Jesus ( hri^t in all things. Your con.-^tarjt daily attendance upon public woi'.-hip, th.e gladness v.herevitb you h;ne reeei\ed mc into your houses, tiie mildness wherewith you have submitted to my ie]-iXH)s, more esiRcial'y the great (though unmcriudi concevn you shewed at my dej)ar- ture, induce me to hop<> tljis will 1.*'. your erideavour. How long God of his goofl piovidence will keep me from you. I kno\v not. Howevn*, you may assure youisr']\es, 1 will return according to mv promise, us sor-n as 1 ha\e rccivc-d imj)i;::.ilion of hands, and .o;in)k'tt>d the other bi'sinet-s that called m** hivli.r. In the uieuu wlulti. 173 8-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I25 Rules and Prayers by Mr. Whitefield, composed for the use of the Religious Sociefies ; with Psalms and Hymns for the same purpose. Two volumes of Archbishop Sharpe's Sermons. Hie third volume of '' Sermons at Boyle's Lec- tures," folio. A second edition of " Nineteen Sermons bv Dr. John Rogers *," 8vo. A Sermon preached before the House of Com- mons, Jan. 30, 1738,. by John Wilcox -}-, D.D. A Sermon bv the Rev. W. G. Barnes '!". .' -r wlule, accept of tliis, as a pledge of tlie undissembied love of your aifectionate^ though unworthy pa.stfr, G. Wiiitiu'hild.'" In 1^2 a third Collection of Sennoas was published, under the title of " Nine Sermons upon the following Subjects : 1. The Lord our Ilighttousness. 2. Tiie Seed of the "Woman, and the Seed of the Serpent, 3. Persecution e^erj- Christian's hoK 4. Abrdhatns ofi'uiing up his son Isaac. 5. Saul's C/mvcraion. 6. The Pharisee and Publican. 7- Christ, the Believer's Vv'isdora, Righteousness, Sanctification, and Redemption. S. The iJoiv Spirit convincing the World of Sin, of Righteoasncss, and of Judgment. 9. The Conxersion of Zaccheus." W hiclx ui'iv- thus introduced : " The following Sermons, I think I may say, wsvc given me by the Lord Jesus Chri.->t 5 and, according to mv present light, aru agreeable to the form of sound word.-, delivered to us by the lively Oracles of God. They contain rlie .sum and fcubstapce, I will not say word for word, of what was delivered iu the pulpit; for, a> I had occivsion, in .\menca, Scotland, and England, to pre ich upon the same hubj^cts, I was obii^"ed, ac- cording to the f:;-. (luiii and iissistance ^i\en me from above, to enlarge, or mak;" excursions, {igreeable to the jx ople's eircum stances among'st wlioni I was preaching t-u- kingdom <>f God. i had no Ici'^nie or fr.-o^'om to conucit any of tlieiu to wntmg, but during mv last vov';;;c ; i)m America tn Kiiglarkl ; no.'- do I ex- pect to find lei-ur- ^ill iv. shidl please God that 1 ern'oaik a^^ain " * See vol. 1 p. 1.V2 ; vol. II. p. .07. t John Wiko.K, of Clare hall : B.A. 17U; IvI.A. 1715; P. I>. Com. Reg. ll^.H; and ma.-ter of Clare hail 173G. He had also the valuable rectory of Kensington in Middle,e\- ; was subd-a!! of York : and is noticed a-, ' good, though glcomy Wilcox, ' in th^ " Capitade,"" a poetical ^^atire 00 tl'C ruling Meir.bei-3 of the l.iu- \ersity of Canibridire, the autho! <'f wljicii wa- );e-.rr .-^ati^faetunly ascertained. It was lii-t puhii-.hed in the, ' L. 12^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l738. " Tlie present State of Bromley College," a single sheet, for Dr. Joseph Wilcocks, Bishop of llochester. " I'jssay on Foolish Questions." Political a.ntl Miscellaneous Tracts, by the Author of Gulliver's Travels," 8vo. " A complete System of, Optics, in Four Books. By Robert Smith *, LL. I)." 2 vols. 8vo. " Hydrostatical and Pneumatical Lectures, by Roger Cotes -j-, M. A. late Professor of Astronomy * Robpi-t Smith, LL. D. and D. D. master of Trinity college, Cambridge, IJliG, and Master of Mechanicks to the Kin;^, was , preceptor tci William Duke of Cumberland ; and in that character is noticed, in the Poem jnst before cited, in p. 125, as " Smith suproinely blest with every charm, ; In Virtue's cause ev'n Royal Youth to warm." He published at Ciambridge, in 1744, " Harmonics ; or, the Phi- losophy of Musical Sounds," 8vo; of which a second eiiition was printed in 1761; and a "Postscript" to it in 1763, confaining an account of a'.i excellent impro\ement of the harpsichord. (See Biog. Brit. vol. VII, p. 4130, note; Appendix, p. '229, text.J Mr. Cumberland, in the Memoirs of his own Lite, p. 109, says, '' Dr. Smith was "unquestionably one of the most lejirned men of his time, as hi-> works, especially his System of Optics, tiicc- tually demonstrate. He led the life of a student, abstemious and recluse, his f hmily consisting of a sister, advanced in years, and unmarried like himself, together with a niece, who in the course of her rcsi dence there was married to a fellow of the Col- lege. He was a i nan, of wliom it might be said PiiHosop/u/ had marked liimfor Ji ir ihcn. Of a thin spare habit, and a nose pro- minently aquilin*;, and an eye penetrating as that of the bird^ th.e semljlance of whose b^-ak marked the character of his face. The tone of his voi'^e was shrill and nasal, and his manner of speaking such a.s denoted forethought and deliberatio)i. How deep a theorist he was in harmony his IVeatise will evince; of mere melody he was indignantly neglectful ; and could nc^t re- concile liis ear t:<) the liarpnchurd, till, by a construction of bis own, he had di lided the half tones into their proper flats and sharps, lliosc Avho figured to themselves a Diogenes in Mason, might have fan .cied they beJield an Ari?totle in Suiith, who, had he lived in the age and fallen within the eye of the great designer of the School of Athens, might have left his image there \vithout discrediting tl le groupe." He diiid Feli. '2, 17t>85 and bequeathed 2000i. towards the repairs of his Cobege, and '2500/. to the University. f 'ibis ex.relient raatliematician, philosopher, and astfono- rner, v.as 1, crn July 10, 16"82, at jiurbach, in Jveiceslersbire, w here his J iither was rector. He was first placed at Leicester school; w! jere, when he was bet',veen U and 12 vears of age. 1738.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I27 and Experimental Philosopliy at Cambridge," 8vo ; published by Roger Smith, D.D. Master of Trinity he discovered a strong inclination to the mathematics. This being observed by his uncle, the Rev, John Smith, he gave him all imaginable encouragement ; and prevailed with his lather to send him for some time to his house in Lincolnshire, that he might put him forward, and assist him in thf)se studies. Here lie laid the foundation of that deep and e\tensi\ e knowledge in Ma- tliematics, for which he was after\\ards so desenedlv famous. He removed from thence to London, and was sent to St. Pauls school ; where, under the care of Dr. Gale and the succecdi)ig master, he made a great progress in classical learning ; yet found so nmch leisure as to keep a constant con-esponrience with his uncle, not only in mathematics, but also in mctaphvsics philosophy, and di\inity. This fact is said to ha\e been often mentioned by Proi'esr^or Saunderson. His next remove was to Cambridge ; where, April G, IG99, ho was admitted of Trinity college; and, at Micliaelmas 1/05, cho.-en fellow. He was at the same time tutor to Anthony Earl of Marold, and the Lord Hemy de Grey, sons to tlie tlien Marquis, afterwards Duke (jf Kent; to which noble family Mr. Cotes had the honour t( i;e related. In January 1705-G, he was appointed profes-or of astronomy and experimental philosophy, upon the foundation made by Dr. Plume arclideacon of Rochester, being the first that enjoyed that office ; to which he was xmanimously chosen, on account of his liigli rejiutation aitd merits. He took the degree of M.A. in 1706, and went into holy orders in 1713. The same year, at the flesire (ff Dr. Bentley, he published at Cambridge the second edition of Sir Isaac Newton's '' Matheinatica Piinc*ipia Philosophi;c Naturalisj " and inserted all tlie improvements wliich the atithoi- hail made to that time. To this edition he pre.Hxed a most areface, in which he e\j)ressed the true method of philo.^o, !ii:-iniv- shewed the foundation on wl;ich tii<; Xewtonian philosophvv.us built, and refuted the objections of the Cartesians and all tither ])hi!osophi is against it. Tliis juihllcatiou ackled greatly to the repataiion ?.lr. Cotes had acquireil among th;- greatest men of tlie age for his profomid knowledge in the ;iij- strascst parts of matheinatick.^: nor was tlie high opinion liie ])ul>iick now conceived of him in tl^; least (liuiirii>hed, l)iii ratlitr much increased, by several ])rodLicfit)ns of his own, whic.'i after wards appeared. He gave a deseiiption of the great iu i\ nu - teor that was seen March 0", 1716-10", v.hich was ])ubH>lie(i in tlie Philosophical Transactions a little ni'ivr iiis death, llf l-.-fi b'iiind liim also some adniirahle and judicious tracts ; |>art ol wiii.h, aUer his dece.tse, were; jiuhlislied by Dr. I profe^-^or-.hip, affi-rwaid- ina^tcr of Tr'in-tv college in Can\bii'lge. His " HHriii(H\j,i .Meii-uru win,"' &< ; that is "Hannony of ,"\b'aiun-s; o;-, .\iial\ii-. and >^u^lll-i^ ad .Miccd hv the iMe;LSUies of l{alio>and Angles," u.i^ pi;!jii-h>'d U Cimbridge in 17-.i'2, in 4lo, and dedicated to Di. .\Ieail l>\ th; 128 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I'S?. College, Cambridge ;" and dedicated to William Duke of Cumberland, learned editor; who, in an elegant and afFectionate preface^ pi\es us a copious account of the perfonnance itself* the pieces annexed to it, and Of such other of the author's works Jis are yet unpublished. He tells us how much this work was admired by professor Saunderson, and how dear the author of it was to Dr, Bentley. The first treatise of the miscellaneous works annexed to the " Harmonia Mensurarum" is, " Concerning the Estimation of Errors in mixed Mathematicks." The second is, " Concerning the differential Method;" which he handles in a manner somewhat different from Sir Isaac Newton's treatise upon that subject, having written it before he had seen that treatise. The name of the third piece is, " Canonotechnia, or concerning the Construction of Tables by Differences." The book concludes with three small Tracts, " Concerning the De- scent of Bodies, the Motion of Pendulums in the Cycloid, and the Motion of Projectiles ;" which tracts^ the Editor informs us, were all composed by Cotes when he was very young. He wrote also " A Compendium of Arithmetic ; of the Resolutions of Equa- tions, of Dioptrics, and of the Nature of Cunes." Besides the^e pieces, he drew up the course of " Hydrostatical and Pneumatital Lectures" noticed above, which are held in high rej)ute. I'his uncommon Genius died, to the regret of the IJnivei'sity, and all lovers of that science, June 5, 1716, in the very prime of hi;* life; for he was advanced no farther than to his 33d year. Newton had j)ronounced of him. Now the world will know some^ thing ! And Dr. Bentley ncAcr mentioned him hut with the deepest regret : he had formed the highest exj)cctations of new- lights and discoveties in Philosophy from the penetrating force of his extraordinary genius ; and on the tablet devoted to his menx)ry in the chapel of Trinitj- college, has recorded his sorro^vs, and those of the whole learned world, in the following beautiful and pathetic epitaph : " H. S. E. Rogenis Robeiti fiUus Cotes, Colleg-ii hujus S. Trinitatis Socins, Astrouomiue et Experimentalis Philosophia^ Professor Plumianus : Qui immature moile prisreptus, pauca quidem ingenii sui pignora rehquit, sed egregia, sed adniiranda, ex inaccessis MatheseAs peneti-alibiis telici solerti;\ emu priinum eruta. Post magnum ilium Newtonuni Societatis hujus spcs altera et decus gemellum. Cui ad suramani doctrinse laudcm onxnes- 1738-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 12flr "A new and easy Method of learning Hebrew without Points. To which is annexed, by Way of Praxis, the Book of Proverbs, divided according to the Metre , with the Masoretical Reading in Roman letters, the Interlinear Version of Santes Pagninus, a grammatical Analysis, and short Notes critical and explanatory ; the whole designed for the more speedy and perfect Attainment of the Hebrew Tongue, by Richard Grey, D. D. Rector of Hin- ton, in Northamptonshire," 8vo. A part of the first edition of Mr. Zachary Cham- bers's * " Cyclopedia, or Universal Dictionary of Arts and "Sciences." " The Vocal Miscellany ;" third edition, with large additions, 2 vols. l:2mo. A new edition of the Goes of Horace, published by George Wade '[-, D. D. l2mo. 173^. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed " The Earl of StrafForde's Letters and Dispatches, with an Essay towards his Life bv Sir George Radclilie. From the Originals in the Possession of his Great-grandson the Right HonourableThomas Earl of Malton, Knight of the Bath. By William Knowler :J:, LL. D. Rector of Irthlingborough." omnc3 moixim virtutumfj^ue dotes in cumulurn acce^sorunt: Eo niagis spcctabilcs amabilesque, quod in fonnoso corpore eratiores vcniient. Natus Burbag'ii, in agio Leicestriensi, Jul. 10, l, 1<>"'. '.> Jle Tvas enucaied at St. John's col!' ye, Oainbiio.'i^ ; V-. \. ll^lO; M.A. 1724; LL. D. Conj. Rej,-. \Tl>^. He v.ab ch-aphnn to ilie first MarqL-is of Itockingham, wlio pro-ontcd i.im lipst to tne rectorv of Irtiilinjjboiow (coznni'mly called Aril"buiro\v). be- tween' Wellii)gb(jrjugh and ) li'/baui Ft^n 1 , ;u:d alt toward- to the more valuaUe one of Bo'Jdir:v;ton, 1-::^ :u Nuithauipici:- VoL. II. K ^'^^^^- 1^0 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7S9. *' Jus Parliamentarium," by that celebrated Anti- quarian Lawyer William Pety t *, esq. folio. shire. He died in December 1773- Mr. Bowyer received sojin after a polite letter from Mrs. Knowler, with an intima- tion that a legacy of twenty pounds was ready for his accept- ance. I \vish I had a copy of this letter and of his answer, which I remember to have seen. The purport of the letter, however, was a proper acknowledgement of tlie lady's civility ; a very suitable condolence on her loss ; and a rcquest, " that, to save trouble, she would keep the twenty pounds intended for him, which othenvise she would have to recei\ e back from his executors at a period which he had reason to think would not be far distant." In 1766 Dr. Knowler had prepared for the jjress an English translation of Chrysostom's " Comment on St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians ;" and I have now before me a preface intended to have been prefixed to the translation ; in which Dr. Knowler introduces this judicious obsenation on the Fathers : " Some have thought nothing too much to be said in their praise J others have denied them a share of common sense. The present cry is against themj and, if it continue a few years, they must be a prey to moths and worms, to the great detriment of young students in Divinity, not to say to the \Aih- lick in general. 1 think they have not had a fair trial. Their woiks are locked up in the learned languages ; many ])ieces have been ascribed to them, which, were they alive, they would disown and be ashamed of. Hence they ai'e svvoln to an enor- mous bulk. Then comes an enemy, and culls out of these spu- lious pieces exceptionable passages j jjroduces them before a packed jury J the laugh goes round; and they are condemned in the lump." His own translation he represents to be ' a plain and literal one ;" and acknowledges that the beauty of Chrysostom's original " must suffer greatly in the garb a Country Divine has given him, who has resided six-and-twenty years on his cure, and seldom been absent from his parish." He then proceeds to give a good account of his author; and also of Jerom, wlio was contemporary with Chrysostom. Gilbert Knowler, esq. a nephew of the Doctor, was the last of a family which Philipott mentions as being settled at Heme in the reign of (^ueen Elizabeth. * A student of the Middle Temple, afterwards a bencher and treasurer of the Inner Temple. He was some time Keeper of the Records in the Tower J and published, 1. " Miscellanea Parlia- mentaria, 1680," 8vo ; 2. " The antient Rights of the Com- mons of England asserted, 16S0," 8vo (of which a Latin version was published in 1729, folio); 3. "Jus Anglorum ab antiquo; in Confutation of the Answer to Mr. Petyt, &c. 1681," 8vo, He died in 1707; and was buried in the West part of the Temple church, with the following epitaph, which illustrates his liistory : " Heic juxta sitae sunt reliquiaj WiLHELMi Petyt, armigeri, qui olim Medii almnnus fuit, nuper 17S9'] t;ie eighteenth century. 131 " A Cataloojue of the MSS. of Sir Joseph JekvL Master of the Rolls." r nupei Interioris Templi Socius, et Thesaurarius. Rolulorum ac Archivorum in Tuni Londinensi remanentium Cwstos fidelissimus ; quampluriniis tarn genere qu^m doctriaSl viiis insignibus bene notus, et in magnk sestiniatione habitus. Omnia sua cum amicis habuit communia : neqiie sanb cuiquam literaiaim veteium studioso, vel ope ram suam, vel consilium unquam negabat ; quod in pluribus eruditcixim scriptis apparet. Municipalia Patriae jura. Historian!, Antiquitates, Moniunenta, Actaque Parliamentaria optimb callebat : Antiquae Constitutionis Legum ac Libertatum Anglias strenuissinms assertor erat. Et ne operam et oleum perderet, et e\ anescerent labores, mundo valedicturus, omnia sua MSS. (quse varia implent volumina) unk cum libris impressis, juridicis, historicis, atque antiquitatum et processuuni Parliainentorum monumentia (qua; magno labore, studio, et sumptibus sjbi comparavit) amicis quibusdam melioris notae, in fidei commi^so ad .sc>rvanda integra et illibata, ultiuio suo testamento publicai utilitatis giatiA, legavit. Quai)ropter l(x;um certum, qui illis visus fuerit maximfe accommodate, eos eligere voluit : et centum et quinquiiginta libra* Bibliotheca^ sditicandaj dostinavit. Obiit 1707, aetat. 7^. " In Storithcs proi)t; Abbatiam de Bolton non ita longii i vico de Skipton in Craven in comitatii Eboi-um natus fuit. Ad plures abiit apudCheLeam in agro Middlesexiai ti-rtio die Octobris anno Domini mdccvii, ajtatis suae lxxi. Neqvie dum vixit ipsiitJ Chelseae immemor erat, sed erigf;bat ibi a-dificium, quod eidem Parochiae alacri et libcri manu dedit ; in se complcctens (quod dicitur) vcstiarium in usian parochianoruni, gymnasium ad pueros erudiendos^ et cameras i>neccptyii sati* coaun^x^as R 2 " Moftu- 132 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1739- A Latin " Catalogue of the Antiquarian Society's Prints," folio. A " Spanish and English Dictionary." Another Portion of " Chambers's Cyclopedia.''' The First Number * of " The History and An- tiquities of Essex, from the Collections of Mr. Strange- man ; with Notes and Illustrations by Nathaniel Sal- mon \- ;" folio. " Monimientum hoc Sylvester Petyt, lie Hospitio Bamardiensi generosus, et cjusdem olini Principalis, in memoriam charissimi sui Fratris posuit." On a gra^ e-stone on the floor : " Thf body of Wili,iam Petyt, Esquire, buried here the 9th day of October, mdccvii." * Tliis was begun in November 1739 ; and the nineteenth number, with title-page and subsciiliers names, appeared in Februaiy 1740-1. The author's death put a stop to this work, when he had gone through about two-thirds of the county, so that the hundreds of Chelmsford, Hinkford, I^exdcn, Tendring, and Thiustable, are left xmfinishcd, f Son of the Rev. Tliomas Salmon, M.A. rector of Mepsall (a living of considerable value in Bedfordshire, and now in the patronage of St. John's college in Cambridge) was admitted of Bene't college, June 11, ItJ^O, under the tuition of Mr. Beck, and took the degree of LL. B. 1695. Soon after which he went into orders, and was for some time curate of Westmill in Hert- fordshire, biit, although he had taken the oaths to King William, he would not do it to his successor jQuecn Anne ; and when hB could officiate no longer as a priest, he applied himself to the .study of physic, which he practised first at St. Ives in Hunting- donshire, and afterwards at Bishops Stortford, in the county of Hertford. He did not, however, take tins turn out of necessity, but by choice, since he had the oifer of a living of 140Z. f>er annuiii from a friend in Siiffolk, if his conscience would have permitted him to qualify himself for it by taking the legal oaths. He was the elder brother of Mr. Thomas Salmon the historiographer ; who, dying suddenly in London in April 1743, was buried in St, Dunstan'> church. Nathaniel (who left three daughters) was the author of, 1. " A Survey of the Roman Antiquities in the Midland Ci/anties of England, 1726," 8vo. 2. "A Suney of the Roman Stations in Britain, according to the Roman Iti- m-i'ary, 1728," Svo. 3. ' The History of Hertfordshire, de- scribing the County and its antient Monuments, particularly the Roman, with the Characters of those that have been the Chief Possessors of the Linds, and an account of the most memorable Occurrences. London, 1/28," folio. This was designed as a continuation of Henry Chaunceys Histoiy, and detUcated to the Earl of Hertford. 4. " The Li\e3 of the English Bishop* from the ^739-] THE EIGHTEEXTir CENTURY. I33 " Queries relating to the County of Dorset," a single sheet, by the Rev. John Hutchins *, whose History of that Count}'^ Mr. Bovvyer printed in the year I774, where some particulars of the Work and of its very worthy Author will be given. " Lysiae Orationes et Fragnienta, Greec^ et Latin^. Ad fiden. Codd. Manuscriptorum recensuit, Notis criticis, Interpretatione nova, caeteroque apparatu necessario donavit Joannes Taylor '(-, A. M. Coll. D. Joan. Cantab. Soc. Academicfi olim a Bibliothecis, hodie a Commentariis. Accedunt cl. Jer. Marklandi, Coll. D. Pet. Soc. Conjecturae. Londini, ex Officina Gulielnii Bowy^er, in iiedibus olini Carmeliticis." Professor Stuart's " Necessity of a Divine Revela- tion," 8vo. Another edition of "Dr. Cockman's Tull}'," 12nio. " Tabula exhibens Paradigniata \ erborum He- hraicorum regularium et irregularium, per omnes conjugationes, modos, tenipora, et personas, ple- nius et accuratius excusa," a very large single sheet, by Dr. Richard Grey; for whom he also printed, A new edition J of Cicero " De Otficiis," by Thomas Cookman, D. D. 1 2mo. " Historia Josephi Patriarchae, literis tarn Ro- manis quam Ilehrulcis excusa, cum vcrsione in- the Restoration to the Revolution, fit to be opposed to l)i nio^tlii-n<-s, with aJi equal quantity of note> on i);iili i;:.i;v.. it was in part P'pubiished at Cambridae, in Svn, !;. luul.r \hc tide of "Lysi:- AlhcniensisOratione'^,, 'ini-c; it I.aine . e\ Im. rpntatione et cum bnvibu-, Xuti.-, .Inanni.-' Ta-.l^vi. -m u mui 'tndi'>^f .Iincn- tutis." S'c tliv i:sav'- .and ii!u-ti:ui"ii - in \'.A. 1\ . Xo. \lll. t Tir-t prinl'.:y r -qfubu-I.tM!. urljinari 134 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l739. terlineari S. Pagnini, et vocum indice analytico ; praemittitur nova methodus Hehraice discendi, di^ ligentius recognita, et ad usum Scholainini accom-^ raodata/' 8vo, 1740. The principal books of this year were, " Maximi Tyrii Dissertationes, ex recensions Joannis Davisii *, Coll. Regin. Cantab. Prtrsidis, Editio altera, ad duos Codices MSS. Locis quam- plurimis emendata, Notisque lociipletioribus aucta; cui accesserunt Viri eruditissimi Jer. JNIarklandi Coll. D. Petri Cantabrig. Socii, Annotationes;" 4to, with a Dedication to Dr. Mead, by Dr. Ward, " Examen ; or an Enquiry into the Credit and Veracity of a pretended Complete History [Dr. Kennett's] ; shewing the perverse and wicked Design of it, and the many Falsities and Abuses of Truth contained in it ; together with some Memoirs occa- sionally inserted, all tending to vindicate the Hon- our of the late King Charles the Second, and liis happy Reign, from the intended Aspersknis of that font Pen. By the Hon. Roger North -}-, 1 740," 4to. published by Mr. Mountagu North. * "Mr.Markland having in the country, in the summer of 1739, written some notes on the late Dr. Da\is's ediliim of Maximus Tyrius, Cant. 1703, had a sight of the second bcibre it was pub- lished, to add his own remarks upon it. He road it over with- out looking at the Doctor's corrections, which proA ed materially different from his former ones, and found his own to agree with them in the main. His were therefore added to the sccrjnd edition, after it was printed. The variations between the King of France's and the Harleian MSS, and tlie version of Pan;! us are ^o great, that they can only have proceeded from the autlior hi)ns(.lf. This note is from Mr. Cough's copy of the former edition of these Anec- dotes. f Sixth son of Dudley fourth Lord North, and bj-otlicr to Charles Lord North, and Francis Lord Guilford, with whom, after having studied at the Middle Temple, he sjienl the greater part of hii life. In the reign of Ciiarles II. lie was a counsellor of note, and in that of James II. attorney-general. He has taken great pains in the " Examen" to vilify Dr. Kennett's " Complete Histoiy of England 5" and has, Mr. Granger says, " in several instaxiccs conti-adicted facts founded upon jxntient records, and decried 1740.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I35 A second edition of Maittaire's " Anacreon ;'* of which not more than 100 copies were printed, and six only on writing paper, 4to. " Psalmorum Davidis Paraphrasis Poetica. Auc- tore Arturo Johnstono Scotto *, cum Indice Voca- :ic was ccmferred on liim in the yeaj* I'JIO, as ap|)ears bv a manuscript copy of verses in the Advocates' Library in I'Minburgh. After leaving Padua, hetnuelled thif)ugh tlie rest of I lalv, and overGerm any , Denmark, England , and Holland, and other (Duntries; and at last settled in France, where he met with great apphiuse as a Ixitin poet. He lived there twenty years, and by two wives had thirteen children. At last, aftei- twenty-four years abscmce, he returned into Scothuid in the \ear H).':52. It aj pears by the Council-books at Etiinburgh, that the Doctor hal a suit at law before that court about that time, (n the year following, it is very well known that King Charles the first went into Scotland, and n)ade Bishop Laud, then with him, a mem- of that Council; and b) this accident, it is probable, that an actpuiiulance began betN\e''U the Doctor and that Prelate, which jiroduced l^S LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l740. bulorum ;" accompanied with " The Psalms of David according to the Translation in the English produced the excellent work which gives occasion to this note ; for we find that, in the same year, the Doctor printed a specimen of his Psalms at London, and dedicated them to his Lordship, whxh is as plain a proof almost as can be desired that the Bjsiiop prevailed upon Dr. Johnston to remove to London from Scotland, and then set him upon this work ; neither can it be GOiibtcd but, after seeing this sample, he also enc-aged him to perftct the whole, which took him up four years j foi- the tirst edition t)f all the Psalms was published at Aberdeen in 1 637, and at London the same y ar. In 1641, Dr. Johnston being at Ox- ford, on a visit to oae of his oaughtei-s, who was married to a Di^ine of tlie Chuich of Englan;; in that place, v. as seized with a violent diarrho:^a, of whicii he died in a few days, in the o4th year of his age, nov without haxing seen the begmning of those troubles tliat proved -c fiital to hi- v^tron. He was Inuied in the place where he divu., which gaM; occasion to the following lines of his learned friend Wedderburn in his " Suspiria." " Scotia meesta, dole, tanti viduata sepulchro Vatis; is Angligenis ccntigit altus honos." In what year Dr. Johnston was maae physician to the King, do23 r.ot a| pear ; it is mo;-t likely that the Archbishop procured him iiiat honour at his coming into England in 1633, at which time he transiatei Solomon's Song iwto Latin elegiac \erse, and dedicated it to his Ma-jesty. His Vsalms were reprinted at Mid- dleburg, 1642 J London, 1657 ; Cambridge, . . . . ; Amsterdam, 1706} Edinburgh, by William Lauder, 1739; and last, on the plan c^ the Delphin Classics, at Li.ndon, 1741, 8vo, at the ex- pence of Auditor Benson, who dedicated them to his pnsent Majesty, and prefixed to tliis ediiion the memoirs of Dr. John- ston (\vhex.ce I have extracted this notp), with the testimonies of various lean ed persv^ns. A laboured comparison between the two translatior.s cf Buchanan and Johnston was printed the same year in Tnglish, in 8vo, intituled, " A Preiatoiy Discourse to Dr. Johnston's Isalms, &c." and " A Conclusion to it." His translations of the le Deum, Creed, Decalogue, &c. vere sub- joined to the Fsalms. Hi.- othrr poetical works are his Epigrams, his Parerga, and his Mu^.s Anglicae, or commendatory Verses upon persons of rank in Church ana State at that time. UULiayr: Lauder (mentioned above) was a Scotchman educated at the Universiiy of Foirhtirgh, where he finished his str.riies with great reputation, and ar^juired a consideiable knowledge of the Latin tongue. He ait- rvvards taught with success in the class of Humanity' stucltnis who were recommended to him by the Professor thereof. On Way 22, 1734, he received a testimonial from the heads of the University, certifying that * So the Litin tonguo is called in Sootlaiid, from the Latin phnse Cla^sis /fumuAKrrum Literuyum, the eJass or form whorft that l.ingnaj'^ is tauglt. 1740.] THE SIOHTEE>iTH CENTURY. I37 Bible, with an Index of the \'\^ords," in 4to, small 8vo, and 12mo. To this work was prefixed an ingenious " Prefatory Discourse/' by Mr. Auditor Benson *. he v-as a fit person to teach Humanity in any school or college whatever; and in 1742 was reconiraenJed by INIr. Patrick Cuming and Mr. Colin Maclaurin, Professors of Church History and Mathematicks, to the mastership of the gnunniar-school at Dundee, then vacant. Wliether he succeeded in this applica- tion or not is luicertain; but a few Viars afterwards we find him in London, contri\inir: to ruin the reputation of Milton, an attempt which ended in the destruction of his own. His re;ison for this attack probably sprung from the virulence of a violent party spirit, whift\ triumphetl over every principle of honour and honesty. He began first to retail part of his design in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1747; and, findii^g that li's forgeries were not detected, was encouraged i)i 1751 to collpct them, with additions, into a volume, intituled " An Essay on Milton's Use and Imitation of the ?vIoderns in liis Paradise Lost." 8vo, The fidelity of his quotations had been doubted by several peo])le, and the falsehood of them was so')n afrer demonstiated by Mr, (afterwards Bp.) Douglas, in a j)aii)]jhlet intituled " Milton vin- dicated from the Charge of Plagiarism broiight against him by Lauder; and Lauder himself convicted of several Forgeries and gross Impositions on the Pablick. In a Letter humbly addressed to the Right Honourable the Earl of Bath, 1751," 8vo. TIk; ap- pearance of this detection overv%h^-lme'l Lauder with confusion. He subscribed a confession, dictated by his learned fiiend Dr. John- son; wherein he ingenuously acknowledged his oiff-nce, which he professed to have been occasioned by the injury he JkkI recei\ed from the disappointment of his fvpcctations (jf jaofit from the publication of Johnston's Psalms. This mlsforivme lie ascribed to the couplet in Mr. Poyie's Dunciiirl cited in the following })agc, and fi'om thence originated his rancour iigainst .M ilton. He after- wards imputed his conduct to other uioti\t'S, abused liie few frieiiueen Anne iwarle a U^y.r .-.l]'. -. I. -l.rjiig \vhi( li In; visited Hanover and :.oin^'' other '^(.;i.!.!i ("'.n' . r.ii '"t"e! 'u;!-;;. In 1710 he wa.s high hh.-rilfof V'-'ii;- J"^ -'" n .M'.-r v r.i.c l.i. famous letter to Sir Jacob Hau'A.' of \1m. *t Paul's, and lived to fmish it^ hud been displaced from his cinith-jmcnt 1740.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. l^^ *^ Miltoni Epistoia ad Poliionem," folio (by Dr. - King, of St. Mary hall, Oxford). " Specimens of Paradisiis Ainissus," for Mr. Vaillant. " A Collection of State Papers *, relating to Affairs in the Reigns of King Henry Vi II. King Edward VI. emplo}-ment at the age of near 90 years." On the resignation of this office, Mr. Benson received a short time after an ('vS.-ignment of a considerable debt due to the Crown in Ireland, and also the rciersion of one of the two oflices of Auditor of the Imprest, which he enjoyed after the death of ]\lr. Edward Harley. About the year 1735 a book was insblished jntitnled " The Cure of Deism. The Author, Mr. Elislia Smith, liad the misfortune to be confined in the Fleet-prison for a debt of 200/. Mr. Bensoa was highly pleased with this w ork ; enquiretl v ho the autlior was, and, having received the foregoing account, not only sent him a vei'v handsome letter, but fiischarged the whole debt, fees, &c. and set h^tn at liberty. This deserves to be recorded, as an uncommon instance of generosity and good nature ; though Mr. Benson, having been thrust into ihe O mciad, will probably be known to posterity only as a bad critic and architect. The following anecdt)te was I'eceived from a jierson well acquainted with him. Though a man wi;D had spent the greater part of his life among books, yet a short time before his death he acquiit;d an a\ersiou to them which was unconquerable. He could not even bear tlie sight of any, and reniaiued stedta-t in Ins abhoirenee of tiiem as long as he lived. In the like nr.mucr, according to Dr. VVarton (Essay on Poi;e, \(d. If. p. 109), Covvk-y kitterly icoidd not endure the company of women. In tlie prime of his life few persons were more distingiiihlied by the ciiaractcrs of ^hc fine gentknnan, -^lie .s( :h(;lai', tlie statesman, and the patriot ; hut in the latter part of it he lived very retired, chiefiy at W'im- hleton in SuiTey, wliere he died February 2, 1754. I3c'*i;]es Mr. Benson's " ConchiMion to his Prefatory l)i.-cKirsr,' t\c. 1/41, he pubhshed, in tlie same year, '"A Supplement to it, in which is contained, a (ompariion betwixt Johnston and Bu- chanan." On both of these some margiiral nit;'* liy the Be^. Mr. SauHul Say, one of Dr. V\'att,-,'s felloW"puj)il'., and as suei> menticmed with due eucomiums by Dr. (iibboiis, ::re preserved in the (lent. Mag. 1780, p. GO/. No one had a b( Iter ta-te, or a more ihorougJi acnuaiiUance with the ( ui^sies, ih:m Mr. Say. It is no woniter tlierefore that he should prefer l'>\iebnn;in to Johnston. Mr. Ben.'-on's other jntblicutions ^whit^Ij jkh'-os bomi merit) were, "Vireil's Hu^banthv, f.r a)i iv-say on the (ii-oririci ; being the Scco)id Book tiHn.-laled into En-lish Vd-Sf : to \shi( .t are addetter.-. c.-nc* ruing I'neiicil Tran-lations,andVu\::il ^.'uidMiltouVAj-ts(jfVt'rse,6iC IT-iP,' Svo * In 'he IVoposals for thi- \\(;rk it wa'- aid, " Tlv (..ollciion v.ill contain {e^chi.-ive of theiapij- . lifting to (be ji'.jii.^ c' 140 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l740. Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth, from the Year 1542 to 1570. Transcribed from original Letters and other authentic Memorials, never before pub- hshed, left by William Cecil Lord Burleigh, and now remaining at Hatfield House, in the Library of the Right Honourable the present Earl of Salisbury. By Samuel Haynes*, A.M. Rector of Hatfield in Hertfordshire/' folio, Henry VIII. Edward VI. and Queen Mary) a period of above 50 years, in which are com])rised the several and successive minis- trii s of William Lord Eurghley and his son Robert Earl of Salis- bury. The papers left by Lord Jkirghley will illustrate the liistoiy of the times, from his Lordship's establishment in the dij'ection of p\iblic affairs, soon afier ^ueen Elizabeth's accession to the throne, to the year of his death, 1598. Sir Robert Cecil (aftenvards Earl of Salisbury), who succeeded to a principal share iu the administration, has left materials for continuing.;- the pro- :ress of this Collection fron^ the close of his father's ministiy to tiiat of his own, which determined by his death, in the year 1612, This Woj'k, great part of which is ready for the press, will con- tain about four hundi-cd sheets; and will be printed on a super- fine Cienoa paper, with the same chai-acter as tiie specirnen an- nexed to the Proposals. Subscribers will be pleased to pay one guinea in advance, one guinea u})on the deliveiy of the first two hundred sheets, and one guinea upon the delivery C)f the remain- der. Subscriptions are taken in for the Editor by Mr. Watson, at the China-siiop in York-house, the corner of York-buildings in the Strand." London Evening Post, Feb. 24, 1736-7. * Samuel Haynes, M.A. (son (;f liopton Haynes, esq.) was tu- tor to the Earl of Sfdisbury, with whom he travelled, and who rewai'ded him, in June 173?',. with the valuable rectoiy of Hat- field, Ii'erts. In March 1743, on the death of Dr. Snaj)e, he succeeded to a canonry at Windsor; and in May 1747 lu' was presented also by his noble patron to the rectory of Clothall, tlie parish in which ti-.e Earl of Salisbury's seat called jQuicks- wood is situated 3 whei'e his predecessor. Dr. John Savag-e, had rebuilt the parsonage-house. Mr. Haynes, who died June 9, 175*2, w.i>; an amiable and chciirfVil companion. His father (Hop- ton Haynes, e.'-q.) w;is assay-:r.abter of the IMint, and pj'inclpal Tally-writer or the Excr.ecj'Kr; in both which places he always behaved hims(^lf highly worthy of tiie great trust reposed in hitn, being indefatigable and most faifViful in the execution of his ofliccs. He Avas born in 1672; ami his first ajjpoinlniesit was so early as 1(J96, to the place of weigher and teller in that depart- nacnt; and his services tiirre, in one or otlur capacity, ex- tended to a period of more than fifty jears. Whether he wrote any thing relating to t:re Mint, or niorny aftahs in general, is not known 3 but that rie '.vas anxious to mcuntain the inilepend- enc;; 1740.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I4I " Academiqiies de Ciceron, avec le Texte Latin de TEdition de Cambrige, et des Remarques nou- ence and prerogatives of his ofRce, is apparent, from a tract, in folio, which he printed, and privately dis])erseu, intituleci, " A brief Enquu y relating to the Right of His .Majesty's Royal Chapel, and the Privileges of liis Servants within the Tower, in a Memorial addressed to the Right Hon. the Lord Viscount l^onsdale, Con- stfdjle of His Majesty s Tower of London," 1/28, folio, signed H. Haynes ; and which is now become, from that cireumstance, extremely scarce. We may conclude, from his being in the Mint at the time that Sir Isaac Xewt(m presided there, and from his known piety, and lQ\e of learned cou\ ersation, that he had frequent intercourse, and enjoyed the good opinion of that excellent manj and, as a proof that the business of Mammon did. not wholly engross his thoughts, or divert his attention fiom better pursuits, he wrote, and left in the press at the time of his death, " The Scripture Account of the Attributes and ^\'orship of God, and of the Character and Oihces of Jesus Christ, by a candid Knquirer after Truth," 4tu ; a curious and scai-i:e book, which, from a religious regard to liis father's request, was published by his son after his death, and of which a second edition appeared in 1790. He was likewise the autlior of an exceik nt and weil- written tract, intituled, " The Ten C^onnnandments better than The Apot:tles' Creed." He died at his house in jQuecn-square, Westminster, Nov. 19, J 749, at the age of 77. He was a moat loyal subject, an affectionate husband, a tender father, a kind master, and u sinceie friend ; charitable and compa~>ionate to the poor, acum])lete gentleman, and consequently a good Chris- tian. A ].oili'ait of hini, engi'a'sed by Nugent, from a jKiinting by Highn)ure,waspublislied in Harding's " Biographical IMIirou!;' see Noble'.- Continuation t)f Granger, vol.111. ]>. '25^>. The UA- lowing tiibute was paid to his memory by Wells Egli'-h;\ni, a worthy old journeyman printer, author of " A Shint Sketcli of English Grammar, ) 77**)" *3VO ; a p'ea:3ant little vcjliniie of Song-, intituled, " V-'inkc-y's Whims, 17(iy3" and many fugitive e--.:ij.i jn "The Pi.:l*!ic Advertiser:" " Worthv the ablest Muse ! accept tlie la\s. Accept HiV tribuf', not thy uu', of [)rai-e ! Mean tho' ;ny v..'rse, my tiicuic shall be appiov'd, Praisin;^ of thee whonj every good nran lo\'d. Who CPU repeat tiie virtues of thy mind ? Or who a \i'tr.e, thou {xK-sess'd not, find ? Great uiiivcr.^al friend of all mankind ! O co;)ld mv i''n dejjict the glo\\ing thoii.'^J't. With wliicli my warm, but heavy lieart i-, ti.ir.gbt. Pie;-- .1 w'a'a the- ta-k, I (i ;t'l thy virtu*- raint, But 1 d(^i^t, wheiv- Pope ^ ,-troiig Mu-e niigiii fiiiit. " Y)v. Jdiu S ir.cijt, the pn'dcc:(--^or (jf Mr. Ihui^.c^ ;.! (loth, ill, (who h.ad jjnvioij-lv b'-en rector of b)gia\>', ai.d w.'.i aK^i Ictuiir uf St. (ieor.-re, Hanover-nqirare) wa-5 called \\\v. .'i.Ti-iipiiM- of tlu- aye In hi-, v,r;-i -.: i!a'.-," sar-, Bi-k'-j) .\ 'Wloii, " Ix' trtd ' tl.ivrllr,] } 142 LITERARY ANECDOTES Of [l740, velles, otitre les Conjectures de Davies & de Mons. Bentlev, et le CoiiimentairePhilosophique de Pierre Valentia, Jurisconsulte Espai^nol ; par un des Mem- bres de la Society Royale," 12mo; and " Acade- mica, sive de Jiidicio erga Verum. Ex ipsis primii> fontibus; opera Petri Valentiae Zafrensis, in ex- trema Baetica Editio nova eniendatior ; Typis Bowyerianis/' 13mo; both by Mr. (afterwards Dr.) David Durand *. travelled with an Earl of Salisbury, to whom he was indebted for a considerable li\iiig in Hertfordshire: and in his more advanced years was a lively^ plefisant, facetious old man. One day at the levee George I. asked him, ' How long he had staid at Ronie with Lord Salisbury ?' Upon his answering how long ; 'Why,' said the King, ' you staid long enough ; why did not you convert the Pope?' ' Because, Sir,' replied he, 'I had nothing better to offer him !' Having been bred at Westminster, he had always a great fondness for the scbool, attended at all their plays and elections, assisted in all tlieir public exercises, there grew young again, and among bo\s was a great boy himself. The King's scholais had so great a regard for him, that, after his decease, which happened March 24, 1747, they made a collection among themseh es, and at their own charge erected a monument to his niemoi-y in the Cloysters." The monvunent the Bishop mentions is a small tablet of white marble on the right-hand side of the door leading into the Chapter-house, and is thus inscribed " JoHANNi Savage, S. T. P. Alumni Scholae Westmonasteriensis Posuenmt, MDCCL. Tu nostra; memor usque Scholae, dum vita manebat ; Musa nee immemoies nos sinit esse Tux. Ipse loci Genius te moeret Amicus .\micum, Et luctu Pietas nos propiore ferit. Nobiscum assiicras docto puerascere lusu, Fudit et ingenitos cruda senecta sales. Chare Senex, Puer hoc te saltem carmine donat ; Ingratum Pueri nee tibi carmen crit." '' Dr. Savage used to attend the school, to furnish the lads with extempore epigrams at the elections. From a similaiity in their character he has been sometimes mistaken for Dr. William Savage, rector of St. Anne Blackfriars, who published a Sermon on the election of a Lord Mayoi' 1707, and one before the Sons of the Clergy 1715 ; was elected master of Emanuel college 1719 ; and died Aug. '2, 1736. * See vol. I. p. 343. In the title-pages of these books, in- stead of an ornament, a blank shield was printed, in wluch Mr. Durand, in many of the copies which he gaye away, wrote, in 1740.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 14^ A new edition of Mr. Cheselden^s Anatomy," 8vo. In this year Mr. Bowyer purchased a monument*, which he intended should serve both for his father and himself. The stone was completed, except the in- scription ; ' and in that state 1 have frequently seen it on the outside of the mason's house at Hampstead, where it remained till, after having been exposed to the weather for 37 years, it was unfit for use. Thb following epigram was written about this period by our learned printer : " In syllabam longam in roce Vertiginosus \ a D. Swift correptam. " Musarum antistes, Phoebi numerosus alumnus, Vix omnes numeros Vertiginosus habei. Intentat charo capiti vertigo ruinani : Oh ! servet cerebro naia Minerva caput. 'Vertigo nimium longa est, divine poeta ; Dent tibi Pierides, donet Apoilo, breve in." 1741. In this year Mr. Bowyer corrected, and put into a convenient form, two \&Ty useful little school-books, " Selectae ^ Veteri lestamento Historiae," and " Se- lectae ex Profanis Scriptoribus Historiee." The prefaces to both these volumes ;!: were translated by in a remarkably iicut hand, some little conipliuient to the friend to whom he sent the book. And it is his pictme (not Dr. Jolin Savage's) whieh is in the club-ro(jni at Rovston described by Mr. Cough in G'nt. Mag. 17S3, vol. l^III. p. 814. * " June 15, 1740. Received of Mr. William Bowyer ton pounds, in part, for a monument to be erecteii at Low Leyton. By me Rob. Scott." " Mem. Sept. 7, 1740. Fiid him more thrci; pounds one (shilling; and agreed with him for twenty j)Ouiids when it is put up." Mr. Boaijer, MS. t In the Dean's well-known epigram on his own deafness.- Mr. Bowyer was of opinion, tliat the false (juaiitity rendered the line more expressive of tiie malady undi-r which Swift labomed. X Both these works weie first published at Paris, in 17'avticularly the Philosophers ; wherein some Objections of the Rev. Mr. War- burton, in his Divine Legation of Moses, are considered." f To the Lettei' from this learned Author to Mr.Bowyer, p. 120,- the following ones, dated March 3, 1739, and Nov. 24, 1740, will be proper companions. " Dear .Sir, I esteem myself exceeding happy in .such a learned printer, but much more in so candid a friend. To yotir very ingeni(jus observatioii*, which are, and always will be, an extreme pleasure to me, I have only this to say: You know I have endeavoured to shew, that the Antients are veiy confused in the natiue of the iiCgyptian Hieroglyphics, and, by reason of the resembling nature of the several species, frequently confjunded them with one another, and differed much from one another. Tltese two Greek writers;, according to 1-741.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURV. I45 Dean Stanhope's translation of " Epictetus's Morals/' a new edition, 8vo. to my spntnnents, do so ; it is certain Herodotus does from both. \ow I apprehend, that/ if this be the case, whenever we find an instance of such confusion and contrariety, -we are to take it for such, and not endeavour to reconcile them bv emen- dations (as you have very ingeniously done) , on a supposition of the texfs being- corrupt. Otherwise, indeed, ichere the writer ivus ptrfect maj-ter of his subject, there, we must suppose, when we find confusion, and the writer's ideas clear, that there is corruption in tiie text. Tliis I make a Canon in Criticism ; and I think it is one of the n^ost useful as well as certain. But, if tlie Antients -^vere confused in tliis matter, the Moderns are nmch more so, as you ha\e given me an iristance in the learned Daubuz. I should be much obliged to you t(5 examine another thing. I find by yours, v cl o-vu'^oXi-a.y), I have translated the cthei- [i. e. '-2d and 3d] S[/rdhols. Tlic tiling is now quite out of my head. But I think I make the U^ctPay.Yiv to signify tlie sacev- df)tal character by letters j and if so, according to my present ideas, the tu-'j kt^'o.'twv rci%:-a.'v y.v^ioXcyiy.r) should contain the two kinds, Epistolanj and Sacerdotal. Pray, Sir, exiuiiine whether I ha^e not conti-adicted myself in this matter. If I have, it must be re-formed, and printed over again. If it be reconcileable with the rent, it must stand. Upon second thoughts, if I don't niis-rcniember, I make the Sacerdotal of two sorts, one by inarks or images, and the oilier by letters. Perhaps I reconcile it in that mannei'j but you will see (and I beg you would ex- amine carefully) and you will be best judge. Tlie great Mode had made an observation, that he fancied the ReAcdations, and other such Vii-i tings of Seri})tiu'C, might be greatly illustrated by the /Egyptian Hieroglyphics. It was a noble thought; and, I think, I sii:i;! mucli conlinn it in this work, iiy what you fjuole from Daubuz, 1 fancv he took the hint. I liave nev( r seen ii. Ideire to know wlietlier he savs any thing co'i-i.ier- cihle Oil the .snhjiet. If he doe?, I wish Mr. Gyles could lend nicj tlv book. You know be-t wliethor he says any thing 1 e;iu jnake u.^e of to mv subject. i have bc?ri \cry ill uf an iii'crmlt- ting fc\ci-, for vhicli I have tal-ien a great deal of the Bark. And this very instant I am apjjrchen^ive of a relapse, b-ing vciy fe\f'rish, and having a good :'i' ini'il.e the ordtr of the words wlih good reason ; ih-'K r '!(- I h;i\c all, if (his false Pho- cylides, whose work I have not seen, did endeavotu" to cbtriide his verses for the true Phoeylidrs's, or wrote like a Heathen, then that censure must stand. But if he did not assume anoilicr personage, they mu,-t be struck out, for the good reason \X)u gl'. r . I lea\e this therefore to you. Only, if the writer was not to blame, the Mords Cheat j). 26, and Forgery p. 27, must be suvck out too. P. 28. Tl'.e voice of one crying you very justly excep: to; tlierefore I desire it m.ay be struck (jut, an.d Tiie words ivitf, his put in their room. I am sorry that my seeing the sheets proves an inconvenience to you ; but my obligation is gre;!,t. You see here what advtmtoge it is to me, by your judicious re- marks. I have a Postscript to be added to this JjipeHdix. wide h will m:'ke a good pwt of a sheet: It is in imswer to tv>o re- flexions Master Sykcs tliought iit to honour the Divine Legati(;n with. Pray tell IMr. (nles, J ^hali send it up the latter end of this week. I am, \ith the best acavnowledgements for tlii- favotir, dear Sir. your mcst attectionate hunible servant, W. W, " The tending me the slicets before ])rinted o!f is a great servic;- to me, because [ wrote this Appendix in a great luu'ry arid very r.eghgent!}'. ' am sorry it is iiicon\enient to you." Again, "March 9, 1/41. 1 am nuich obliged to you for send- ing me Morgan's book, for?r.'seiU him in eveiy respect, and be an exeeutTir not only of his Will, but of his intention as fai- a; i can discover ii. Collet Mawhood." ' <')rt!ii- ruilr.cnt Pri.it'.r v.ud very excciiLnL j-'ovellist see tlie '' ]!^.;i' - und UhiMirLitjn-/' mlA . Xt). XIV. i P.i'o^t j)n)h:thly ianntled f ); 'li . \/ailiUrtoii. Mr Gylcs was luil/ii-hi : *)[ "Til." .',iii;'U'.-f," :ui;l oi' "The Divine Lc'iti>ju." t -Mr (isb.L LT'l r.*o unuiaiTic';! JaUf^litei:. Ly i74i. 148 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74Sf. 1742. In this year Mr. Bowyer was tbe editor as well as the printer of " Lectures on Poetry, read in tlie Schools of Natural Philosophy at Oxford, by Jose])h Trapp, A.M. Fellow of Wadhani College, and Reader of Poetical Lectures latel}^ founded in that University by Henry Birkhead*, LL. D. sometime Fellow of All Souls College ; translated from the Latin, with additional Notes." This Work appears, from various letters of ^Ir. Clarke -f-, to have been a joint production with * Hcniy Bh'khead, born in 1G17 near St. Paul's cathedral in London, after having been educated under the famous Farnabie, was entered a conunoner of Trinity college, Oxford, in 1633 , admitted scholar there IMa) 28, 16'o5, and soon after was seduced to become a member of the college of Jesuits at St. Omer's. He soon, however, returned to the Church of England, and, liy the patronage of Archbishop Laud, was elected fello\v of All Souls in 163S, being then B. A. and esteemed a good philologist. He pi'oceeded in that faculty, was made Senicn- of the Act celebrated in 1641, and entered on the law line. He kept his fellowship during the time of the U.surpation ; but resigned it after the Restoration, when he became registrar of the diocese of Nor- wich. Tliis too he resigned in i6"84j and resided first in the Middle Temple, and tiieu in other places, in a retired anrl scho- lastic condition, for many years. " He \vas accounted," says Wood, " an excellent I^tin poet, a good Grecian, and well versed in all human learning." His works are, 1. '' Poematia in Elegiaca, lambica, Polymetra, Antiteclmemata et ?,Ietaphrases, membranatim quadripartita, 1656'," 8vo ; '2. " Otium Literarum; sive Miscellanea qiuedam Poemata, &c. 1656," 8vo. He also published in 4to, with a Preface, 165'2, some of the philclogical works of his intimate friend Henry .hicob, who h.ad tlie honour of teaching Selden the Hebrew language, or at least of improving him in it. Dr. Birkhead a!:;o wrote several Latin elegies on the loyalists Avho had .suffered in the cause of Charles the First, which are scattered in various printed books, and many of them subscribed //. G. Henry Birkhead, author of " Colon's Fi:ry," a tragedy on the Irisli rebellion, was a different person. ,Sc9 fVood's Athencc, vol. H. p. 1006. * " As to Trapp, I own I ha^ e been very negligent in trans- lating3 both his matter and my own interniptions have pre\ente(l me liaving any great taste or opportunity for it ; but 1 shall go through it time enough, I hope, for 5 ou to correct before it is in the piess. I v.ould by no means have you drop it, but here and there besprinkle a few notes, to give it an advantage above the Latin." Mr, Clarke to Mr. Bowyer, in 1737. that 1742.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I49 that gentleman. Each of them translated particu- lar }3arts, and it was left to Mr. Bowyer to adopt such passages from Mr. Clarke as he thought pro- per *. Let his own account of this work speak for itself : * *' I A\'ould fain make this packet look as big as possible, that you might receive it with some ])leHsme, tliough you rean were qiute dropped. It was necessary to make tliem sj.erdv in English tf) t!ie same purj;o-e they were prcjduced for in Jvatiii, tiiat liie KngH-h re:i;l r niiglit guess wliv tliev can;e there. But 1 sl;all trouble you no Ciu-rhc r U))OU this bu-iine.--, but only to tell yoii, that 1 could not forhear adding three or f(jur note-; you have laugiied :it one of them already, but 1 <;'.nnot forbear thinking tlic author is mi-taken in that j)oinl, till 1 ^vv. more reason \u be of lil- ojiinion, and the ic-t are mere trifles, only th'-y are not very long one-. I own that I think youdo nothing, imle>s you scattei- a fvw no'.i - u[) and down, something that i- not in the original, wlietlu r jiglit or wrong; 'tis true ta.-^te in tiade, whatever you ma\ think of it : imi I am ill- fiu-ni-hed for sticli an iinderiakiiia-. i have m i;l:( i' \ n--iu-. nor Scaliger, nothing in that way. Who i-; tlil- I'atiirr bit.niov , that 'J'heobaid nicnticui? would he not now ;in(l iIk a ::l\r yni pretty hints? KlKpiire abo'it him." Liltn from '!r. Chirhr. ])((.[), 17. ',7. 'i'ii!^ gentlenian. iiov.i'.r, -peak- \ir\ .li-hliuL'-ly of the bf)ok in ap.otlier Icttci- wit^hcul d-ic; ' I now begin to tliink th:it vonr tnmslation of li-'pp- Pr;rle( linn- will lukr; fur it is reallvbut a vei v -nivrii'-i:;! I (.'"!.. 'I'hnM.ii. fT the i'utinv, I di-uc 150 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [^742. " Whatever reasons have been given for translat- ing Virgil, and writing an English Counuent on him, may be urged in behalf of these Enghsh Lec- tures; which, as they are an illustration of Poetry in general, so are they of Virgil in particular. The notes to this edition were chiefly added as it went through the press ; in which, though I sometimes differ from my ingenious Author, yet I hope not with greater freedom than he has taken with others, and will pardon in me. 1 am well aware how easy it is to let some mistakes slip in the heat of com- position ; and when these had once passed the press, the author, I suppose, was not very solicitous to re- examine minutely the subsequent editions ; satis- fied w4th the approbation he had received from that learned Body, before wdicm his Lectures were first delivered: an honour which I shall never wish to see diminished by any thin,^^- I can say, or any one else; and sha.ll now therciore with nmch greater pleasure take this opportunity of repeating the tes- timony of them from Mr, Felton*. The several passages cited from Virgil are printed in English from Dr. Trapp's Version. The other Poetical Translations without a name the Editor is to be accountable for ; tliough lie wishes lie had as good a title to the excellence of two or tlu'ee of them, as he has to the imperfections of the rest." In this year Mr. Bowyer printed, among otiier Looks, Dr. Mangey's'}- edition of ' Pliilonis Judiei desire that we migiii: alv/ays say Lt-xlvres, in tlr, n;Otiem slyle ; Preelections will never do in town. \{o lias uilcndcd lae ^c^y much by aficeting to find fault, with '\'o--Ju3 nnou <.very little occasion 5 and tli-iT'efore yoa inu^t c:c(ii>". v.ii- if I nnvv and then speak peevi^d)ly of the Doccoi-. I iut\o endeavijurec' to make Aristotle's dctinition of Trag'etly intclli;ihle; aiiil I tLhik I have taken the rii:,'ht sense of it^ ^'.I^eu peii>ievd 11= a little lasC summer. The Monita, NotaJ, &(.. %vhieh I ha^e added to the tmnidation you arc to do just what \oa plca.'-e ^viih. I wrote the yiotes in a gTeat hurzy this nionurj^j a.i>l d" Ir^y hxc liot -eiise, or too lonjjj'j or too shoi't, or loo iusi.rnit'ea)i,t, alter them to your taste, oi- de->tioy thcnj, a- you think hc-^L'' * Spe the:;e in the Preface to Felton's Dissertations, p. xxi. . f To the accoimt given of I)r. Miuigey in vol. I. p. 134, may hf added the foliowiiifr sneorh ; ;,hl-"b, in +h" i'aTie of tbe Dean 1742.J THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 151 i.)pera qucE rcperiri ]X)tuenint," two volumes, folio. iiody *, " l)c (Ti-eFcis illustribus/' published by Dr. Samuel Jebb, 8vo. iud Cluipter of Durham, he made to EisLop Crewe^ on his first aiTi'.ai ill tiieir city, on Thursduy July 12, I'tl'i. " i\ly Loi'd, I am, in the name of my brethren, to bid you V t^lcoine into this ymu' conntiy, and to wish vou tiie long po r^e-siop. and happy adrniiustriiticn of this diocese and count\- j)alHf noble q'miities, is so well qualiiicd to manage the ri;^';hts, and support The di^initv, of so high a station, ikit, mv Lord, your revcnue:- ar,d juri-dietion lue not the only subject of our congratulations j but \\e nuist Jikew ise add to these, w h;it must be nmch dearer ro ) ou in your spiritual ca\)a(ity, the good ortler and regularilx 01 your lyioc(>e. We may veritinv to assure vour Lcjrdsliip (and to the steady \igilance of voiU' two inimetUate Pi-edeec^sor? it is ouing"), tJiat in thi.-, S;-e t'nere are as few defects to supply, as f'W tiu'cs of licvcsv and fal.-c doctrine to v.eed out, as few ai)ti.-ies dtser\ir.g episcoj)al correction, as ia any othei' of ttie kingdom. Your Lord^hi;) comes no'.v to pr- r-ide over a Lnity well alheted to our excellent Chuv/: h and your episcojjal cha- racter-; over a Clergy oi'tho;!oK, ahd oirictly eonformalle with oin- Canons, Articles, and I'ubrieks ; and o\er a Chiiptor, who Ir.ith hithertu been so hap,)y, as neiilic!' (,; Fee] tre cen.- ue, noi near the di^j)le;l'^Mre, of thrij" Aisitor. ir-iiiee our e.-veilon, oui Jlnly halh ne. er h:-.d any contests or disjnites of ! i .i/. x'ith their j;ioee'a!i-; : tliere haAC been no attempts for iini/uiim!cd powci' oa eith.-r -ide, nor an\ struggle for unstatuteable evem];tion and indeprndencv on oiu's ; biit we have ail alo'.a' hved m peifeet .Tiiiiv a iJ correspondence Avilh ih' in, a-- onr i'ai.i\*.;.' a?)d spiri- 1;:.i! iaihers at home, as our Guardians and proteetci- at ( uiit. Sucii hatii been our hap])iness, my ]^)rd, for neai u.-.t eriitiui. > : 'irid we liope for the contir.uanee of it undei' -.^^m- I or! hip'i ..'2.!le a,nd v.i=e administi'ation. ^\i promise oar-.-bi-, iliat a t'.'A\\Ar portion of that bcnelieent spirit, witli \.::'\i oin e\tr 1 ]>;'.tron Lwrd Crewe \\;i.-, l)ie.-sed, a;^! . rl; v.iiicli iie ' ;.:l al).:;it \\\'.,\ hapnV; re.-ts nuw upon your i.i> I-- i,.,i, },\h\ \\\i'.'.: nothing Hre;tter to \\i>h _\ou in il!i:> \> < . 1,:, ;...;.> '!i:'t : !.:', n.eet with ihe .-anie returns of aiKiliv.i. .. /- !,;ii.t 1 ::[ i.'.oks of uH-n, and the like mea-m>' oi i. '1, Lr;- .'.d p''>piri'.v, fioin Disine Pro\ id* lUv . lii:;:' !.., \\iA\ uas de-c( ;.. /.'} in ) r;t' lore,' and iiovn Ui.'d). at ()d< (.nibc, in tb u\.\\. ot !i li;.. ("I'ii-r v.;.- r;T!nr. il-wa- ;i.linlUcd :ii .v',..;!i;i;.i .0!- li'uC. -...O !-'i!i^\V ill' IV li;.'M -. :'.;id, wlien 1 r v.,.- liarrj", ;uin'd jV.'.y. 152 LITKKARY ANECDOTES OF [l742. Heister's " Siirp;ery," 2 vols. 4to. The First raid Fifth Volumes of Dr. Birch's edi- tion of " Thurloe's State Papers," foHo. " Liber Jobi in Versiculos metrice divisus, cum Versione Latina Alberti Schultens, Notisque ex ejus Commentario excerplis ; quotqiiot ad divinum plane Poema illustrandum (quoad vel argumenti materiam et filum, vel sensuum pathos & sublimi- tatem, vel styii copiam et elegantiam) necessarise videbantur. Edidit, atque Annotationes suas ad metrum preecipue spectantes, adjecit Ricardus Grey, S.T. P. Accedit Canticum Moysis, Deut. xxxii. cum Notis Variorum," Svo. A third edition of the First Volume of " The Divine Legation*," and a second edition of the turned of 20, Avrote f<.j:C''^ii>.st Aiistoas' histor}' of the LXX Inter- preters. He publi.-lied several polemical tracts against the Non- jurors and about the Convocation, and in li'J74 a leai'ned Latin work on the Original text and Gi t ek and Latin Vulgate versions of the lii'ole. 'I'he piece above mentioned (containing an account of those learned Grecians who retired to Italy before and after the taking of Constantinople by the Turks, and re.^toivd tlie Greek tongue and learning in the West) remained !n MS. till 17-12 (see A ol. L p. 1 6 1 ) . Dr. Hody died Jan. 20, 1 ; 06, and was bm ied in the chapel of his college, in which he founded ten scholarship.^ of ten poiuids each, live for the s'.udy of the Gi'eek, and ii^e for that of the Hebrew languages. D)\ Jebb preiixed to this book inemoii's of its author in Latin, fi'ora an English life by hiniself. * The correspondence of the learned Author with hisPrinter wa^o thus coiitinucd: '' MarcltSl, 1742. 1 hear nothing from you about the finishing- the first volume of the Divine Legation . But perhay?.s there may be at tiiis time some letter iVom you Ivii^g at Newaike. 1 hope )ou recc!\ed my last letter, ^^here weie two additio)is To be inserted in repj'int' d lea\es. At the end of that }iote relating- to Moi-gan jiray add: [ he hail:, I hear, httclij utoIc a^^ahift the Divine Legation of Moses iiitd.'r the name of a Society of Free- thinkers, hij the sarac kind of Fiv'i'e that lie in the Gospel called liimself Legion, icho only ivas theforu-'irde.st Devil in the Crew?^ 1 suj)p(jse Mr. Knajjton hiis put a new edition of my ( ommentarv on the Essay on Man into jour hands. I bog ir \v,\\ be printed correctly. I make my corrections ar.d additions as iiitciligiblc as I can to the comi)Ositor. ^\V)ut it be proper, wlien thc.-e new- editions of the Divine Ler-ation are published, wiis n tlie second vnluvu? is adve^lii^ed, to say, to 'Inch is add-d a Letter to the Lord Bp. of Li' hjield and (y}Vi>nry :-' I have read over the -econd volume of the LiMne Legation ; but th-re wants the ja;,t sheet of tlie bcckj arid Uic i-i.;r Itaws of the Ap'pendi.x. There arc but few errata ; 1742.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I53 Second Volume*, tlie whole corrected and enlarged, and the work announced in the thle-page to be ' In Nine Books," vo. rrrata ; and if tlrit ci'rscd erratum in the ]ov.g note of the Bp. of Salisbury's Letter to mc nbout A!)rahain's offenng Isaac was but rectiHeil by reprint! na.", I t!'.l;;k there would be no occasion for a list of errata. My best resjyoets to j/r.v. Bili [w iio soon after was Mrs. Boinjer]. Again, " Jpri! 10. I am glad tlie Di\inc Lega- tion is in such forwardness. Wdien tlie second volume is adver- tised, 1 woidd have the Letter to the Bishoj) of Litchtield men- tioned. I hope you have got tlie tii'st edition of the Alliance, for I hf^ve not one of them 'oy me. While 1 think of it, I desir^> that tl;e first and second vohnnes, v. lien printed, may be sent to Mr. Poj)e, Lord C)i rery, Lord Chesterfield, stiteiu d ; Air. Murray, hand;iomely bouuil; and the Alhance with it, bound in tlie same manner. Tlie second volume I would have sent to the Bishop of Salisbm'y, and to Mr. Siloueite into Fiance, both .stitclied ; the first volume to the honourable Cliarlc.-, Yorke, t-q. at Bene"t col- lege, and to the Rev. Mr. Goddard at Clare hall, stitched both. These are wiiat I think of at present ; and I hope Mr. (jylcs's executor will take care to see all this done. Pray, wiien you see IMr. Pope, ask him whether the first and second volume must not be sent to Oxford ; and follow his directions about it. Be s.o gocid to let me know when those to Lord Chesterlield and Mr. Murray are delivered; for I must write to them. I de.iire by all means that p. 9 of the Preface may Ije reprinted, with the note on the other side added. It will make two leaves instead of one. The wrong markiifg of tlie pagi's will Ijc nothing. J will excuse the reprinting the Bishop of Salisbury's note, if it be not ijone. I think I did not niention in my last liiat the fir-t and second \olumcs must be sent handsomely bound to llalph Allen, es(j, at Widcombe near JJaLli. I Ijcg this may be taken care of. Tiic prf)vo("ali')ii Laa- has i^ivcn is intolerable. F ."aw it but by aceii!nt." " Mai/ H. I am ania/ed i have heard nothing fixjni \ou of late, or of tlie publicatidn of the new edi- tions of the Divine Legation ; and ain aiVaid yon aiv or !ia\e been ill. i\hi\vlK)0(i li.-es both me and Mr. (JyU's's d.uigh/KM's very ill in this negk'Ct. But he has not ;is \et so much as scr.t nio my ficcount, nor settled tiie balanee in order to juiy m'' v\l';:t is ikr to me .accordiiig to airrcLinent. I hope tiie pre-cnt-book-. wlu'h I ordered in two or three of my last to you, ai'e by this time- d-^- livcre.d; pirtir ularlv lli(--e to .Mr. Muirav and Jv-rd Clu\-t( i-'irlil, bccaust- I ha\(' .^ent t'lem wcjxl tliat thev wei'e o:d;rcd. I'ray b'- s.) gc;od to take t .c\- ihi't the first \olnnu' stifchrd be iinnn'ii:- aU'y -vv.'i t(i Mr. I ,!iL i';n, the I'rinct '- See r.l;iiy. in IMl Mall ; and i\)'- s,(oi.id \,-,.;ii,)(', siilclud, to ni) Loid ^ arn iv t, in niy i.a'.iH'. {'ray tcl! tlu- [((.ijiir < i\iut I.ciiiion. I -ce. iioi'.\ iil^i.u'.'ling all til! ir j'H !< WI-, liovv Mj-. Ci\li s i.^ goii", a strange nc:;ic'. 1." ' To f!i;- ua-' al^o ;!nn'\( d a -ocond edition in an-we.' to tlie " ]' i.',.' ipies and '"'...( \Jons 154 LITERAEY ANECDOTES OF [l742. '' A Critical and Philosophical Ccir.irientary on Mr. Pope's Essay on Man ; in which is contained a Vindication of the >aid Jissnv ivcaii the Misrepre- sentations of Mr. DeResnel, the French translator, and of Mr. De Crousaz, Professor of Philosophy and Mathematicks in the Academy of Lausanne, the Commentatorj" 8vo ; and the additional Book of the Dunciad, in 4tO;, very higbJy to the satis- faction both of the Poet and of liis learned Com- mentator. " I thank 3'ou for all your care." says Mr. Pope on this occasion. Anvd Mr. Warhurlon tells liim, " I am glad you have been printing for Mr. Pope. Don't mention to any, I beg of yon, your suspicion about the Notes. Is it not a noble poem ? Mr. Rnapton has sent me the sjiecimen 01 tihe Commentary on the Essay, \Yhich I like ex- tremely well. I thank you for yo^ir observation on the quotations from fhc Optics '^\ You are certainlv right; they should be in English. I don't knon"- when I shall be in London again ; hut I have never more pleasure there than when I loll and talk to you Conr.ex'.oris of Natun\l and Rtncaled llclii^ion, In- Arthur Aslile}- S^kes, D. D." s.nd a Letter to ISishop JSusarornkt', o;i liis new piinled ''Charge to the Cler-^y> 1741." A .sliort AdwiLiscment riefirted to this A}>pciKlix. preserves a curkms av.~cdote : ' The Auti'.or of tliePaniphlet here c-vamined hath laleiv made a public confe?.sion of his authorship, siti^iyd \siih irl.-= orva name-, and tlicrc'by sa-\ed hini'ielf frora all farther correction of this kind, For he v. iio is so lo.-.t to shame as a writer to 0'.m\ ',vhat he before wioce, and so loit to shauie n^ a luau to o^vn vs'hat lie h;ith now written,, nnhst ne( ds h.o p".-t ril airiewimint, I'.e on!^' r'^n- souable vic^v in correetion, I haU !l;erfi')V'; hut do, \Ui;u: in- deed (v.ere it any more tb-sn repeatino; v>;V,it iie ir<)-."!.-di' Jiatii dis- covered to the pnbkck) wcn'-.l he, ,r:: r)y rvek'.aied {'re eruek-.-t of all thinrrs, tell rov readv r thv' navuo or this i^iise/abie, whiidi ^to fiadtobc J.T)llav.':.-:ti!i.i;-La.n!, pnb- liAefl " ''rhoj'ii^'^ts cnneeviiin;"': tiv Suf'iy jo..; K^j:('ben^^ of grantin^C Relief to the CbViy in >b-'t.'r o:' Sn-j.-Oj'ijjtii;n, octa-i- oned by jMr. "Wokaston'.-: A'kh .--.. ;77'>/' h-.o 3 asui <servations on PaLxstiiX^ or the H0I3 l-and, Syria, Mesopotamia, Cyprus, and Oaudia;"' whiclihededictcdtotiu' Earl of Chesteriield, thou newly uiaue In-d-lieurenant of IicliuiLi; attended hi-: Lordship tliit'.er as one of his domestic chapla'uv-i ; and was so; p. after aypoij.teil archdracon of Dublin. f*?:'e a.'i elogiiun ol .;'^ Description of Eirvpv in '^' Puuli lu'nesti .kiii!;;;is]-.l Pantlieoii .' :> ptioi'um, Pra^fat. ad j)arr. iii.") He peneUMtod no farliier up the Nile tlian to Phihe, now (.rleuiet rAl iUcreil -. whereas Mr. ,\or two ca1a)act>. The Uv(; unveller- are supjic-eii to Ir.n't riiuL ';.i the Nile, in the neiglii;oiirhi)0>lof E-uav. in January I'J'.y-i. I'^ior- (If.n's Trcfclx, Engii^li Editioi., H\o. }>. ISh). UwX. l!i" :'l t, ;<-" Dr. Poeocke told some oi'lii-^ iViends, wa^,, tliat beinLV'U 1^'^ i '.r n. not knowing UtW M'r. Xnrdim va>. go;;." U};, hei'i--"; oy !'.':; in the liight, wi'.hoii! i!a\i;ig the ploa-i;n; ( t ^(ii;'.'; ):;;:!. 'i Im i v.as an admirable Avlioic length of Dr. Poco. : ', ii; a ' ;::',' . dros, painted by l.iolard,. Dean of Exetei', bi^ iivii 1 viiitcd otiier ])l;ic( - be idi on tiie V\f.st sidi' of J)nr. tl\e (ii;u)t-(,'au-.( \\a\ . i- iii Areliaohn'ia, \(.i II. 1..''.- in Ireland. " Oik- (ji!;ii^> ]'i-av<')>; in I'lugland, S<;.);lri.!, -.ri:^ tli" :i.i': > .-ii 1 :-',. ] I, tiie lot weii', u) 17'.'"*, ill ''' ''- "' ' a.nd ilieiv, 'A' a\.^ ^^h'!;');: Hi- . !! Ill ' '...,; '' ii.;i 1)'' i II u i'i.:i IVaii- .:.!.). I ' . . . ' V - , l.i- aCCDM! iMC " l.i . Li .'Ill- . 1 ' . > ' 158 LITERARY ANECDOTES Oi [l743' the end of the Gospels, in a copy of tliis volume, Mr. W. Clarke thus writes: " Jnter varias Novi '1 estamenti editiones correctioreni vix reperias." ILadij Helton's Letter to Dr.Ducnrel, 17o8.] " When travelling through Scotland [where he preuchcd sc-ieral limes to crowded congregations], he slopped at Uir.gwal, and said he was mucli struck and pleased with its appearance ; for the situation of it brought Jerusalem to his renienibrance, and he jjointed out the liill which resembled C'alvan'." (Cordiner's Letters on the North of Scotland, p. 64.) The game similitude was observed by him in regard to Dartmouth. In March 1756 Dr. Fococke wa^ promoted by the Drdce of Devonshire to the bishoprick of Ossoiy. vacant by the death of Dr. Edward Maurice. He preaclied a Sermon in 1761 for the benefit of the Magdalen chaiity in London 5 and one in 1762 before the Incorporated Society in Dublin, for promoting English Protestant Working Schools in Ireland ; both which were printed. He was translated, by the King's letter, from Ossory to ,E!phin, in June 1765, Jiishop Gore of Elphin being then promoted to Meath ; but Bishop Gore, finding a great snra A^as to be paid to his predecessor's executors' for the house at Ardbraccan, declined taking out liis patent; and therefore. Bishop Pococke, in July, y,as translated by the Duke of Xortlumiberland directly to the see of Meath ; and died^ iu the month of September the ?anic year, suddcnl}', of an apo- plectic stroke, whiLst in the coinse of his visitation. His Collec- tion of antiquities and fossils was sold, by Mess. Langford, June 5 and 6, I766. Among these v,as a singular petrified echinus, found in a chalk-jiit in Bovingdon par-ish, in Hcrtfordshiic 5 which Sir Thomas Fludjer bought for three guineas ; Mr. Sey- mour offeied five guineas for it at his sale ; Mr. Foster six guinea? 3 and it sold for ten. Among tlie MS treasiuTs in tlie Biitish Museum are se\eral volumes (1811 4827) the gift of Bishop Pococke; vh. "Minutes and Kegisters of the Philosophi- cal Society at Dublin, from 1683 to 16S7, with a copy of the papers read befoie them;" and " Register of the Philosophica! Society of Duldin, from Aug. Fl, 1707, w'lih copies of some of the pa})ers read before themj" also " Several Extracts taken out of the Records of Berniingham's Tower;" "An Account of the Franciscan Abbeys, Houses, ami Fricries, in Ireland;" and many other curious articles of Irish Hiuory. The PluloftOi)hical Society was founded, on tl\e plan of the Koyal Society of J^ondou, in 16H,':5, by Mr. William Molyneux, the friend and corre.-^pondent of Mr. Locke, under tlic cncourai;vinent of Sir William Petty, who was the first president, as Mr. Moljneux was th(> liist secretary, in which ])Ost he was succeeded by ?lr. Saint George A.'^he, pi-ofes- sor of matiiematicks in the university of Daliiin.' Tiie Society met at first wee!;Iy; ard their minutes vvcre from time to time connnunicatcd to the Royal Society. In the confusion of 1688 they were di-pcrsetl, find never resimied theii- incctings. Cough's i>xiti:-h Topogra];hy, -vol, II, p. 776 1743.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I59 " Original Letters and Papers of State, addressed tf) Oliver Cromwell, concerning tlie Aiiairs of Great lii'itain, from the Year 1649 to 1G58, found anion"- tjie Politic?.! Collections of Mr. John Milton; now first published from the Originals *," folio ; pub- lished by Mr. JohnNickoUsf, F.R. and A. SS. and inscribed to Arthur Onslow, esq. Isaac MUlcs, mentioned in p. 157, was .born Septombei" 19^ 1G"8, at Cf/ckiK'ld, ncnir J3urv, in Suirolki and was the }oungci;t of ('ie .en cUildren oi" Mr. Thomas Mille.s, of that \i\:\c^ ; all of \, horn Jie bled up, and, by hL praderce and good maauj^enient, j.-laced out coivifortably \\\ the world. After his education at I)ur\- school he Avei\t to S^t. John's college in Cam1)ridge, where lie took his degrees in Ailr ; and, going into orders, h.e was, surees-ively, curate of Barli), undei- the very learned Dr. JoscjiU ikir.-nionT; ; \ iear (jf VA'iecomlj ; and kistly, i-ector of Highclcar, a sii^nU vilia-iv in ffampshirc, where lie ever after constantly resided, in tb.e niost exemplary exercise; of his funcLion, for rlic lorg sy-^'ce or near foriv years, till his death, in .luly lT'-20, at liie a:^^ of 8*3. fie was biu'ie- ai)!e iiisc! iiiticn, in tiie chore h ai Higlielear. '1 he -e;");f: .)(?i- niiah, wr-..- ft Mow and tuiur (d' iiah.-l colh-ge, \',l!iv.h jtc-t-i.u i'. hiiii, Vi'.'i'), !() ti.c !;( 'o;y oi' l)idn!V.'r.r ].'>!,>, ir. (J;. i'-..;'.ii. 't';..-. third, l.-a;u-, v,ai tr'.'a-iocr of Waioibrd 17' h -.:;! *:i': ...;..: ci" Jd.-imorc caihednd i7i7- ' 'J'he origiiia!-. of ih.-e letters were ! -ng U.-va.;::;' rp l,-.- Milton; frnm \vho;!i ;!-yca!;!;' \v.'..) t ;;' ;,-i-;-s:^i.,!! i.i' i'i.uwa.-; J'dwijod, a pei'-on \,!iO '.\,y '.;j".i.y yi'i.rs '..: . ''.( '.. : r,'\.' :,:.>'[ \.:.i:, and e.-U'ciii'-d bv Mii'on. JVo.:, ^^h^r;r ' :','> ( iM!;' 'o .);;']!! W^etli, citi/ci\ and u> i. l.i,:t :< ^ ^:^ .'< w :. :>' I'l'i.: i\,el.. 'i widow thi y wei'c obi. ilii^'^l hy ^:, \;r!. ;M<; aii' , ',!',:. d- i a-. u ihey were ])reseril>(i by ho i'::; m . l'/ 'iif -hh, y j (;i' .Vii?.:]:::;! Ic :, u^ apjM'ru's bv their nu.iiiu . f Thi^ 'iiiion-t u;i.. i(,;- ," \)H;:;:dl^ vv;... .' f.u.d :. in ;i:'-t- norsldp with hi- I'lll.c:' 1 ' !'. ,:'>' : ;;' 'lu/i.-J vv Ai .1 ft \\';ii'<' in Jh i-ttMi'il-hii: , ";id cj'iri s'<\.r.\\\:- .' '^: : b. lO'O LITERARY ANEt DOTES OF [l743. ' Mr. Pope's '-Dunciad," in 4to and Svo. London. He was chosen F. A. S'. .lun. 17. 17!<^; and possessed the esteem of a respeetahlc number of fVienils, who were deprived of him by a fever at the ai^e of 3 4, Jan. 11, 1/15. His remains "vvere dejiosited in tl;e buiial-trround at Himliill Fields, on the 16"th. Prince Kiigene bas been i^eneraily Mipposed to Ix^ the lirst collector of portraits in Europe, which on his death were dispersed. He collected in rduiost every other ijraneli. Mr Ashby, however, fnrnishetl Mr. (Sranger vv ii.:. :?isted of about '20{)O heads, four volumes in folio, and six. in quarto, neatly let-in ; which furnished Mr. Ames Avith h>s valuable catalogue ; and came soon after the death of Mr. Nickolls into the library of Dr. Fothergill, who piu'cha^ed it for eigl'ty guineas. Mr. Gi'an- ger, in his I'n^face, had said iMr. Wcr^l bouglit the ten volumes ; biu, on the better infornration of Dr. Duearel, corrected himself in his Supplement, j). 2. On Dr. Fothergill's d. ath the en- tire collection of portraits was sold to Mr. John Thane, print- seller and medalist, in Rupert-street, Soho, for ijue hundred and fifty pounds, who cut up the \ulumes and disposed of the contents to the princi}>ai collectors of British ])ortraits at that time; viz. Mr. Bull, Mr. Cracherode, ]Mr. Gulstone, Sir James Lake, Mr. Blackburre of Lancasliuv, arid r\Ir. Dindley. Dr Fo- thergill purchased likcwioC a j)retty large eeiileetion of tracts, which Mr. Nickolls had picked up in his pvu'suit of heads, written by those of his own j^evsu.tsion from their first ap- pearance ; wliieh the beucolent ])ossessur informed the Edi- tor of these Anecdotes, in 17B0, he then intended to leave to The jMeeting to which lie then belonged, in Peter's-court. Westminster. Bt sides these collections, RJr. Nickolls had se\eral \iews by great masters; some of wlii( h fell also into the hands of Dr. Fothergill. The Catalogue (f ?..',r. Niekoll.^'s Library, in his own hatid-writing (inehuli^.ig 33'^ volumes of tracts in folio, quarto, and octavo), was in the ];o.jld a ]3rrson at Cambridge, \\ho now and then sells a head, " That his own collection must needs be large and good, as it rested on six. points : " 1. I buy; 2. I borrow; 3. I bog; 4. I exchange; 5. I steal; G. I sell." ^Mr. Ashmole's book wits consumed with the rest of his library. See the virulent cford, in Micliaelm;i.s term, IGSD; admitted cleik in that house 1690; B.A. IG93; entered int(i holy orders at (.hiistmas 1694; and became chaplain of All Souls col- lege in .lanuary following; cho.~en fe.l!o\v cf the same 1G!)7; C;Lancelloi- of Norfolk, and rector of Thoi-i)e, near that city, 1701, installed prebendary of Ely, Sept. 10, J 71-5 (which he quitted 1723) ; Archdeacon of Xoifolk, Dec. 7, l/'-^l ; canon of Christ (jhurcli, Feb. 3, 17'^3-4 ; prolocutor of the Lower llous^* of Con\ ocatifju convened in 17^7, to which honour he w.xs mrauiuiou^ly elected on account of his grei'.l abilittcs, Iiowevcj- contrarv to liis own inclinations. He was coiisecrated Bisliop of St. Asajih, Jan. 23, 1731-'2: died at Christ Church. O.xford, i;ec.l4, 173."); and was buiied in the nave ot that Cathedral, n>iar the pulpit j whcie a monument to liii memory, affixed ty one of the piiiars, is thus inscribed : '^ M.S. TilOM.E Tanntr, S V. P. Qui nat\:s Lavingtoni.i; in Agro \Viltonien-;i, in Colleg'um Ri'-irnjn-e :uUniv::Us, de:;;'.'? Oi'.nium A;ii:;K ram c.ij.elianus, VuL. II. >i Jnc.v l62 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1744- Published by John Tanner, A. M. Vicar of Lowe- mox socins cooptatus est. Optimarum ibi artium cultor, Antiquitatis prsesertim studio ita trahebatur, ut in patriae fastis, mominientisque eruendis, nemo illo diligentior, nemo in explicandis pevltior haberetur. Hinc mature avocatus ad munus Cancellarii dioceseos Nordoviceosis, auctus est insuper Praibend^. Eliensi. Academiai denuo restitutus, banc aedem Canonicus ornavit. A Clero interim Pi-olocutor renunciatus, ad Episcopatum tandem evectus est Asavensem. Vir erat ad omne officium summS. fide et diligenti^, rarS. pietate, humanissimd erga omnes voluntate, liberalitate in egenos effiisissima, Obiit 14 die Decembris, A. D, 1735, ajtatis 62." Another inscription, and a translation of it, are here subjoined, from Gent. Mag. 1736, p. 692 : *' Vicitne tandem morbus et senium grave Tannere, te patrum decus ; Fregitque nuUis territum laboribus Suprema sors mortalium ? Lustrare sacra suetus ohm rudera Fanorum et antiquas domos. Nunc ipse veterum puiveri admistus cinis Sub ade veneranda jaces. Quae tot capaci praesules docto sinu Ipsamque Fiidswidam f tenet. At tu sepulchri non eges honoribus, Nostrive laude carminis, Tn, quern peritum Antiquitatis iiltiniaK Ventura dicent saecuia ; Nomenque Pario scripta servabunt tua Perenniora marmore." " At length oppress'd by age and malady. Must Tanner here a common victim lie t Whose industry no trouble could allay. Must he submit to deaths imperious sway ? Pride of his ancestors ' Oijce wont to tread ; Where now with sacred dust his ashes spread Within these walls, wiiose bounds have close embrac'd So many Prelates, spoil of ages past ! ^ Fifidiwi Ja, a Saxon queen, foundress of part of the Collage, anJ buried jt> the Cathedral thsre. FridswJda"? 1744.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1^3 stoft in Suffolk, and Precentor of the Cathedral Church of St. Asaph/' folio *. Fridswida's self lies here! But you nor need The numerous honours for the dead decreed j Nor the small tribute which my verse affords. The Herald's blazon, nor the pomp of words ; Whom late posterity shall justly praise, Skill'd in the monuments of antient days ; Whose works more truly shall consign thy fame, Than Parian marble could preserve thy name." Bp. Tanner published, before he was 2'2 years old, "^ Notitia Monastica, or a short History of the Religious Houses in Eng- land and Wales," 1695, 8vo. republished in foho, 1744, with great additions (which he began to collect in 1715), by iiis brother Mr. John Tanner. His " Bibliotheca Britannico-Hiber- nica," which employed him forty years, was published in 1748, folio ; with a posthumous preface by Dr.Wilkins (see vol. I. p. 334), His immense and valuable Collections, amongst which are ample materials for the county of Wilts, and large notes on Richard Hegge's Legend of St. Cuthbert, 1663, are now in the Bodleian library ; and many interesting particulars concerning him may be found in his own Letters in Ballard's Collection ; amongst which (IV. 34 and 46) are his account and his character of both his wives. He married a second wife in 1733, Miss Scottow of Thoip near Norwich, with a fortune of 15,0(X)1. ; whose death is thus recorded: " May 1, 1771, in St. Giles's Broad- street, Norwich, Mrs. Elizabeth Britiffe, in the 78th year of her age. The above gentlewoman was hrst the wife of Thomas Tanner, D. D. upwards of 30 years Chancellor of the diocese of Norwich, and BLshop of St. Asaph, who died December 15, 1735 ; she afterwards married the late Robert Brititfe, esq. re- corder of Norwich, and one of its representatives in three suc- cessive parliaments." His only son (ly his first wife) Tliomas Tanner, D.D. (who married a daughter of Archbishop Potter) was sometime prebendary of Cauunbun', and successor to Dr. ^\'ilkins in the rcctoiics of Hadleigli and Monks Eleigh, SulTolk. * This volume was published by Jolui 'Vhision, Jo!m Csborn, and Francis Changuion, the thi-ee booksellers with whom the last contract of the Society for the Encomagemeat of J^arnii.^ v.as made. (See p. 96.) The Bishop's portrait, prefi.xcd to this v.ork, is inscribed, " Revercndns adroodum Tiiomas Tanner, Asaphensis Episcopus, Prlma^va; .^nfiquitatis Cultor. G. \ertue sculp. 1745. ' This print was a copy of a larger, enc'-i^ed in 173G by Vertue. at the expence of the Society of Antiquarie-;: with some uiilerencc in the decorati.m, ;ind th^> addition to the inscription : " Hot ectypum fratri.-s sui digi;i-:siiTii antiqms moribus oniati ]>osteris sacratum esse voiuit Soc. .\nt. Lond. 17.'''"-" "Mr,Thoma^E\>T5, bookseller in the Strand, circulated pro- posals for a new edition of Up. Tanners " Notltia MonoiticH, ' but with what iinprcvtinents does not appear. Our nifilern M '2 vubh.'^liei'S 164 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l744. * Two Editions of " The Essay on Man," with Mr. Warburton's Commentary. The Works of Mr. Pope *, in two volumes, 4to. publishers judge of the. value of books by their arbitrary price, and have been misled, to their cost, to re-print some books, whose whole merit is their scarcity. This is by no means, however, the case with the " Notitia ;" which is as valuable as it is scarce, and, if reprinted with such improvements as it is in the power of several gentlemen to bestow on it, would be an accej)table pre- sent to the publick." The latter part of the above note was written in 1781 by Mr. Gough, in whose rich Library wei-e two interleaved copies of the "Notitia," with additions by Mr. Rowe Mores and Dr. Winchester. Mr. Evans, though he did not li\o to put his intention into etFoct, joined with the Editor of these volumes in a contract with the late very learned Mr. Nasniith for the purchase of an improved edition of Bishop Tanner's book; which, by the libei-ality of the Uni\ersity of Cambiidge, wa:- permitted to pass gratuitously through their press, for Mr. Niis- niith's benefit. That conti-act, on the decease of Mr. Evans> devolved on the present writer ; who accordingly piuehased the whole impression, on the idea that, from the long list of names which had been given-in as encouragers of the re-publication, there would be a great demand for the book ; but (strange to say) in the number of names set down, at least nine out of ten pro\Ted men of buckram; and by far the greater part of the work, after continuing ^^arehoused for t\\ enty years, was consumed in the fatal conflagration of Feb. 8, 1808; an e^ent by which the " No- titia" is again become scarce, and probably will ever so continue. * \MiiIst these volumes were in the press, Mr. Bowyer recei\ed the following letters from the learned Commentator : " Jw;j. 29, 1743. Dear Mr. Bowyer, 1 have read over Colley. He is all you say of him, and more. But I love the rogue when be reasons. He is then a delightful ass, indeed. In a word, is it possible thei'e can be buyers for such a paaipldet ? Never fear but 1 will get the better of all my adveisaries at last. And then as Pvrrhus said to his counsellor, we will sit down and drink your ra^-in wine. Do but decypher my MS. cleve;ly, and see if 1 don't make a rog-ue and an a?s of Dr. Jtionimaui. .1 should ha\e told you, the reason why the inclosed came no sooner was, because your letter, which sent it, was put into a Avrong bag, and went farther North, and came back again before I had it, either by the negligence or design of the clerks of the Post-office. I think the Dutch frugality never a])peared in a more signal instance than what I have ju.st now seen in the newspapers. They ha\ e appointed a fast and thunksgivinL:, in one, and to be observed together." Ever yours, W. W." " Mvch 9, 1743-4. Mr. Pope thinks that his Works will be co:n])rehended in two % oluines of 60 sheets each. But he is un- willing that the ])aper should be at all worse than the other-. No. UKK) of that paper, and 100 royal. Ever yours, W. W." " B. Ihina^liiun, THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1^-1 1744.] " A Critical Commentary upon the Book of the Wisdom of Solomon, being a Continuation of Bishop Patrick and Mr. Lowth ; by Richard Ar- nald *, B. D." foUo.' " Remarks on several Occasional Reflections, in Answer to the Rev. Dr. Middleton, Dr. Pococke-f-, the Master of the Charter-house :{:, Dr. Richard Grev, " B. Broughion, June 20, 1744. Dear Sir, I thank you for both ) our last. You wiil oblige me with telling- me thai beast Lintot's steps. I would do him all i-eason while he acts with de- cency and justice, and shall never print any part of his property with my Notes and Commentary without his leave ; but if he acts like a rogue, I have but one word with him, the Chancers- and Mr. Mim-ay. This inter nos. If the executors inquire of you, and when they do, about the state of Mr. Pope's Works in your hands yet imfinished (that is to say, of the Epistles), I then desire you would let Mr. Mun-ay have a copy of all those Epistles ; and you may tell him I desired you would do so: but say nothing till then. Pray presene all the Press Copy, to the lea0. f The learned Prelate of whom some niemoiis have been given in p. 157; and whose accomit of Hieroglyphics, and thi* relation they had to language, given in his " Obser\ations on Egypt," differed from what had been said about tliem in " Tlie Divine Legation." X Nicholas Mann, esq. wardrobe-keeper at Windsor. " I?y the death of Dr. King, there was a vacancy in the rnastershii (jf the Chart(!r-house, a place which some considerable jjersons ut different periinls have desired to fill. Bishop Benson and Dr. J(irtin used to say, that there was a certain time in tlieir lives, when of all jn-eferments they wished for it tlic'most. .And now the coin{Mtit<vi)ke the primary cause of it, he wreaked i\is malice in his ili-natun-d and ill-timed aninjadversions upon the Bishop s l)iscoui-:-e.. on Pro- phecy, pretending that he had never seen them before, though tii.y'ljid been pul)li?hed se\eral vears, and liad gone throuiih .K \ trul l66 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l744. and others ; serving^ to explain and justify divers Passages in The Divine Legation, objected to by those Learned Writers. To which is added, A General Review of the Argument of The Divine Legation, as far as it is yet advanced : wherein is considered the Relation the several Parts bear to each other and the Whole. Together with an Appendix, in Answer to a late Pamphlet [by Dr. Stebbing] , intituled. An Examination of Mr. War- burton's Second Proposition," 8vo. " Observations on the present Collection of Epistles between Cicero and M. Brutus, repre- senting several evident Marks of Forgery in those Epistles ; and the true State of many important Particulars in the Life and Writings of Cicero : in Answer to the late Pretences of the Reverend Dr. Conyers Middleton. By James Tunstall *, B. D. several editions. Nor did he aftenvards spare the Archbishop and his chaplaiiis, but took every opportunity of making Lam- beth-house the subject of his wit and satire." Bishop Newton. > Mr. Mann was elected master of the Charter-house Aug. 1 9, 17*37; and in 1747 he published " Critical Notes on some Passages in Scripture," as will be noticed under that year. Dying Nov. 24, 1753, he was buried in the piazza at the Charter-house, ; where, over the chapel door, a tablet is thus inscribed : " Attende paululum, quisquis es, Subtus jacet Nicolaus Mann, olim Magister, nunc remistus pulvere. jQuis ille, vel quid egerit beiic aut sectis in viti, oraitte quairitare : scit Deus. IMonere maluit hoc quod ad te pertinet : Benfe universis tu fac et fieri veils, semper benigni Patris omnium memor. Sic si paratus hue inires, precibus tuis coelum patebit : ipse quum stabis reus die supremSi sub tremendo judice ratione vitae reddita laudaberis." * James Tunstall, D. D. fellow nf St. John's coUege, Cam- bridge, and one of the two principal tutors of that Society, was " a person highly esteemed not only for his good learning, but for the sweetness of his disposition. As a tutor, no one took more pains for the improAcment of such as were placed under his care ; ^d his success was answerable to his warmest wishes. As senior Dean of the College, the mildness of his reproofs wrought more upon the tempers of several persons of ingenuous minds, than the sharpest censures, or the severest discipline. 1744.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. l$j Fellow of St. John's College, and Orator of the University of Cambridge. To which is added, A discipline, would have been able to effect." Masters' s Life of Baker, p. 1 14. Having refused the rectorj' of Saltwood, thinking it not worth vacating his fellowship for, he was instituted to the rectory of Stimner, in Essex, in December 1739; and elected public orator (on the resignation of Dr. Wilhains) in October 1741, after a smart opposition from Mr. Philip Yonge, of Trinity college, afterwards Bishop of Norwich; and who was aftenvards chosen, when Di'. Tunstall resigned upon being made cliaplain to Abp. Potter. " I am persuaded by my friends," he says, " to otFer my- self for the Orator's place as soon as Dr. VtilUams resigns, and promise m\-self the continuance of your fevour. The Doctor does not resign this year ; and 1 am thus forwartl, lest you should have applications from other hands. Mr. Yonge of Tnnity is the only competitor who has yet declared." MS Letter of Dr. Tunstall to Dr. Z. Grey, .April J, 1740. Abp. Potter had only four chaplains whilst he held the see of Canterbury ; and of those Dr. Tunstall was the junior. He was created D. D. at the Commencement at Cambridge, July 13, 1744; was collated by the Archbishop to the rectory of Great Charte in Kent ; and to the v"carage of Minster in the Isle of Thanet, on the death of Mr. Lewis, 1/46. JKach of those livings was worth about 200/. a year; and he bad good houses at both ; but the roads round Charte were so deep with dirt, that though near Ashford, and in a good neigh- bourhood, his fiiends coidd seldom get near him. He quitted his Kentish livings in November 17>''i7 for the valuable vicai"age of Rochdale, in Lancashire, given him by Abp. ffutton, who married Mrs. Tunstall's aimt ; but the excbange, from many untoward circumstances, did not answer his expectation ; he wished for a prebend of Canteibuiy ; and " his death, which happened March 28, 1772, was rather })remature, occasioned either by family uneaiinesses or dierinteiidcd the publication of the " Jx'ctures") has been a father. Mrs. Tmitall did not long survive her hus- band." Dr. Tun-t;i!l (li-^iiiiKMi-hcd himself as one intimately acquainted witlj Tuliv> Works and t!ic history of those time^, by a lennied and sjjirited atiiiek upon t.i:it classical work of Dr. Middletun's, so much admired in Italy, the " Life of .Murois TuUius 168 LITERARY ANECDOTES or [l744. Letter from the Reverend Dr. Chapman on the antient Numeral Characters of the Roman Le- TuUms Cicero," by questioning the genuineness of Tull;.'3 Epistles to Bnitus. in his " Epistoln ad virum enirlitiin) Conyers Middlelon, Vitae M. T. Ciceronis Scriptorem ; in qua, ex locis ejus operis quamplurimis recensionem Ciceronis Episttilarnin ad Atticum et Quintum Fratrern desidrniri ostfiiditiu', ^c. Canta- brigiED, 1741 ." "As the Doctor had made givat vise f)f those na- terials in his Life of TuUy, he would probably much vMther ha\e sfien the genuineness of the Four Gospels calloil in question. Accordingly he had recourse to eveiy expedient to save a sinking cause ; descended so low, as to say the Public Orator's language was not intelligible, and would have been veiy glad to ha^e provetl it. I could name a well-known patriotic Duke, who has lately not only read over the whole controversy (which is neither siiort nor slight), but declares his astonishment that any body could have any doubts about the merits of the cause. Yet Dr. Miiidleion was much the more fashionable man, and many super.^cial gentiy would have taken the vTong side Avith such a popular wi iter. I cannot help mentioning, that Mr. Cumberland informed me, that in tiie Library of the Escurial are 20 Greek Letters, from M.Brutus to the Greek Cities j exacting contribu- tions from them. Such is the illiberality of Spain, that lie could onl", procure one. They are in Greek, which may occasion a speculation, how far it is likely that a Roman General could write in that language on a public business. From the only word I have heard, \\z. y-aTccrKa-^cct, I presume that he threat- ened them, in case of n()n-com})liance, with as severe a fate as he inflicted on the brave Xanthians. One may wonder too that 20 such detached Ordf rs should any how be got together and preserved." T. F. It is more probable they are the manufacture of some Sophist. " ITiis information from Mr. Cumberland is the more cinious, because I gave a list of ihcse very Greek Letters in my Spanish Letters, p. 134. The remark which follows is wrong, because the Greek language was then as fashionable in theCitv of Rome and the Archipelago, asFrencii is now among us. Duke Fer- dinand. sent all hisordersin French (not German) evcntothcEngli&h pail of the armv." Rev. E. Clnrkr to Ah. Nirhok. Dr. Ti.nstaU's other publications were, 1. "Observations on the present Collec- tion of Epistles between Cicero and M. Brutus," &c. (.see p. }6(j); 2. "A Sermon before the House of Commons, May 29, 1T40." 3. " A Vindication of the Power of the State to prohibit Clan- destine Marriages under the Pain of absolute Nullity ; particu- larly the Marri;iges of Minors, made without the Con."!ent of th'=ir Parents and Guardians, &c. 175.5, Svo. 4. " Marriage in Society stated 3 with some Considerations on Government, the different kinds of Civil Laws, and tiieir distinct Obligations in Con.'iciftnce, in a second Letter to the Rev. Dr. Stebbing, occasioned bv his Review, &c. 1755," 8vo. 5. "Academica: Part the first, con- taining several Discourses on the Certainfy^ Distinction, and Connection 1744.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. l6$ gions/' 8vo. Of Dr. John Chapman, who was Connection of Natural and Revealed Religion, 1759," Svo. Thia contains " Concio ad Clerum liabita in Templo beatae Marias in Academia Cant, pro gradu S.T. B. anno 173y ;" the Tuesis read wlien he took his Doctor's degree in 1744, and some Sermons. Tlie second Part was to lia\ e consisted of Lectures, 1 . On the Being, Perfection, and Providence of God ; 2. On the Laws of Universal Benevolence ; 3. On a Stale of futiue Existence j ami was, I supj;ose, the work published after his death, under the title of " Lectures on Natural and Revealed Religion, read in tlie Chapel of St. John's Caaibridge, i764 ;" 4 to. These Lectures were begim by the Author when a tytor in St. John's, but he was presented from finishing the comprehensive ])lau laid dowu in the beginr.ing of them, by being called from that employn\ent in College to the sen ice of Archbishop Porter. They were, however, so nearly completed, that the Author, had he lived, intended to have published them himself j and they were faith- fully printed from his MS. without the least addition or coirec- tion. A very large and i-esjjectable list of subscribers is pretixed to the.se Lectures, of which 1500 cojnes were jjrinted, and eight only on large paper. To the first editi(jn of IMr. Duncombe'.s Horace are annexed some critical anuotatinns by Dr. Tuu.stall, who in 1740 obtained fur Dr. Grey Mr. NN'arbixrton's remarks on Iludibras, as is publicly nckuowledged in the Preface to that work, and is confiruied by the following quotation from an vm- published letter of Dr. Tunslall to Dr. Grey: " Immediately after your fa\our came to hand, 1 applied to ^Ir. Waiburton, who au-swers in these words: ' lean deny you nothing. Dr. Grey shall have my Remarks on Hudibras ; and 1 will dcjjond upon his honour. I had thoughts (as 1 had cousiilered tliis author pretty much) to have given an edition of him, and h
      of that Auiiior's mention ui' the edition to which he had contribwied is tliilicidt to hi' acfuiuited for. Speaking of criticks in his puface to SiKik.s])( :in\ }\c intr(Khices Dr. Grey's Hudibras in tlie hdii-v.i.iu lu i.uu r . " I !i;ud!y think there ever appeared, in -auv K:iri;( tl i;i!i;_-';:i;:r, <(, < \ecrable a heap of non.sensc und'.rr the uaiii!- of' (''>i.".:ii'i;tar:is, as hath been lately given u-. on a ctriii!!! .-utj:ic i oet of t!ic last age l)y his Editor and Coadjutor. " I'or tlni ;it;,w I; Dr. (inv took hi^ revenge in boine |)aniph!i. r lii^ article, and in 1751 atrain noticed hi- ui:t.i;:oiM-f iu tiic f.'!!onini;- terms : ' The 1/0 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1744- Archdeacon of Sudbury, some accovint will be given under the year 1747 *. * The first to whnni I am indebted is the Rev. Mr. Smith, of Harlestoi), in Norfolk, the most friendly rind communicative man living, >vho Avas greatly assistant to Sir Thcmias Hamner, in his edition of Sbakspeare, as be was to me in Hiidibras, for tvhich he has been spitefully called my Coadjutor, but by a gen- tleman whose slander stands for nothing with eveiy candid and ingenious person." Grey's Comment^rj- on Hudibras, notwith- standing Dr. Wiu-hurton's censure, will, generally, be viewed with favour. Tiifling and insignificant as the books he quotes were allowed to be, they were s\ich as Butler himself saw, rc- feired, and alluded to, and therefore were the piopcr sources ta consult for materials to explain him. As Mr. Waiton has ob- served of Shakspcare, " If Butler is v^orth reading, he is worth explaining ; and the reseaixli^s used for so valuable and elegant a purpose merit the thanks of genius and candour, not the satire of prejudice and ignorance." It may be remarked that the multiplicity of authors quoted in the Commentary on Kudi- bras always inipress(>s a superficial reader in the same manner. Fielding, vvho.se vvritings shew to what an excellent purpose he applied his reading, and who did not attempt to conceal what he obtained from books (little as it was, owing to business and, dissipation), appears to have been struck in the same manner as many others of Dr. Grey's readers. " If we should cany on the analogy between the Traveller and fhe Conmientator, it is im- possible to keep one's eye a moment otf from the laborious inttch-read Doctor Zachary Grey, of whose redundant notes on Hudibras I shall only say, that it is, I am confident, the single book extant in whic'x above five hundred authors are quoted, Bot one of which could be found in the collection of the late Dr. Mead." Preface to Voyage to Lisbon. Among Dr. Birch's MSS. in the British Museum is a collecticm of MS letters from Dr. Tunstall to the Earl of Oxford, in 1738 and 1739, on Ducket's Atheistical Letters, and the Proceedings thereon; there is also a letter to Dr. Birch, dated "Great Charte, Nov. 21, 1744," com- municating an original letter from Meric Casaubon, a predecessor of his in the vicarage of Minster, whence it appears that Dr. Tunstall was then jiosse.ssed of the livings of Minster and Charte. * To the 65th page of Dr. Chapman's Letter the following ob- servations from Mr.Marklandto Mr.Bovvyer, dated Jmie 30, 1743, have reference : " W hen I had read yours, I looked for the fnii copy (which I hiid accidentally kept) of that letter v.hich I had written to Dr. Chapman, concerning the first epistle of Cicero to Brutus. In my copy, instead of, ii:hieh was the case of C. Octa- vius, whom irc commonly call Augustus. 1 find, which uas Augus- tus's case. Whether I alteied it myself in tlie trau'^cribing, (jr Mr. T. has done it for me, 1 cannot say, and it is no great mat- ter ^ however it is more full and clear a-> it i.^ printed. Bt ^our questions I perceive that you have not a perfect and dii^tinct notion 1744.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I7I Mr. Edwards's *'^ Lettijr to the Author of a late Epistolary Dissertation addressed to Dr. Warbur- ton/' 8vo. notion of this matter ; and therefore, since you desire it, will endeavour to expkdn it to you ; tliouH:h I did not imagine that it would want any explanation, for indeed there is no difficulty in it either way, if a man has but the necessary pra'cog^nita, which I took for granted all scholars have. You know that the name of him whom we commonly call Augustus, was originally Caius Octavius Thurinus. Tlie first was the preenomen; the second the no m??z, or gentile, or name of Llie/pointed him his heir, and at the same time ordered him to cliange his name, and to pass out of the Octavian into the Julian family. Some of his friends (especially his fdther-iu-law L. Philippus, who had married the widow his mother) thinking that he had noi interest and power enough to come at ^\ luit Caesar had left him, which was fallen into the hands of IM. Antony chiefly, ad- vised him to be quiet, and not to take upon him the name of Cjesar. This deliberation took up (N. 15.) souietime; but at last Octavius determhicd to strike a bokl .stroke, and to demand his inheritance, and to change his name, which he did with the accustomed legal fonns 3 and then, in^^tciid of C. Octavius Thuri- nus, his name was C. Julius Caesar, with the iLsual addititm of Octavianus to shew that he came out of the family of the Oc- tavii. Several years after, when he vas scltled in the possession of the empire, and had done great service to the state, the se- nate resolved to comi:liiuent iiim with some new title of honour; and after much consultation tliey agreed upttn tlmt of Augustus, so that then he was C. Juliius Cai.-ar Of tavianus Augustus. You now see that the title (for it v/xs no more) of Augvisrus had no- thing to do with the name of Octavixis ; and that if it be put ;i3 you would have it *, ' which was the ( ase of Augustus whom we commonly call Octavius,' it would have been unintelligible, and without argument. As to the several passages fronj Cieero, wherein you say he is called Octavius, look at them, and you will find every one of them written in the internK';!ialc time (which was the reason why I put in the N. B. abo\e) hetween the death of Julius Cajsar and faviuss ciianging hi name, which was some month.s ; after which, you vvill lind that Cicio from that time never calls him Octavius, hut either C. C:r.-ar, or Cajsar, or Octavianus; which l.Lst word ynu iiiu?t unders'aud in a noun adjective, and signifies, belonging to the Oclavii; that is, who was originally of the g'.ns or family of tli<' Octavii. This was always the custom in adoptions, u, add liie gentile of their own family to that into v.hich tlu-y pr-.-.-r-d. So the fainoua * It stand* thus in Dr. Chapu.in't " CLjervstion*,"' p. Cj. L, Ae- 173 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l744. Dr. Grey's " Answer to Mr. Warburton s Remarks oh several Occasional Reflections, so far as they L. Aemilius PaiiUus, who conquered Perses King of Macedonia, gave one of his sons, P. Aemilius Paullus, to be adopted by one of the Scipios, that is, into the Cornelian family : after which the young man, instead of P. Aemilius Paullus, -was called P. Cornelius Soij)io Aemilianus. This wns he who afterwards finally demolished Carthage in the third Punic war, in which. you often meet with him by the name of Scipio Aemilianxis, Thus if M. Tullius Cicero had adopted Cn. Pompeius Miignus, this latter would have been called Cn. Tullius Cicero Pompeianus j as, on the other hand, if Pompey had adopted Cicero, Cicera would have been M. Pompeius Magnus TuUianus. This is the original of most of the pi'oper names that end in anus, which are almost as numerous as the family ones which cud simply ia vs; the reason of which is evident, because there was scarce any family which had not, some time or other, adoptions made out of it into some other family ; and then he who before was by family a Cal{)urnius, or Titius, or Sempronius, &c. became a Calpurnianus, Titianus, or Sempronianus. And now you per- ceive why Lucilius Clodius cannot subsist in the same person, viz. because both Lucilius and Chxiius (or Claudius) are gentUia, or the names of families ; for if this L. Clodius Marcellus, whon> 1 wtis speaking of in that letter, had been ado})ted into the Lu- cilian family, his name would hav e been from that time L. Lxici- lius something (suppose, Longus, or any other cognomen be- longing to the Lucilii) Clodianus, not Clodius. You likewise perceive that you speak inaccurately (though Dr. Middletoj;i, I find, does it, and so do some of the modern antients, if one may so call them, Florus and Appiau } but none of the more skilful ones) when you call Augustus, Octavius Augustus ; which is as. if you should call Sir Robert Walpolc, Sir U'alpole Orfard ; for while he was Octavius he was not Augustus, nov till several years afterguards ; and when he was Augustus, it would ha\e been more than an affront to have called him Octa\ius, and nobody ever did do it, because it would have been a kind of petty treason, and a verbal denial of his right to the name and inheritance of his uncle Julius C;Esar ; and therefore the sophist who forged these letters under the name of Brutus to Cicero, in the famous Papistic, the 22d, never calls hinii any thing but Octa\ ius ; or if he calls him Cicsar (as he does once), he does it in a sneer, nd adds the word tiius. your. Cajsar, p. 172. This is right, and consistent with the c luuacter of Erutu.s. T'at, alas ! he coiild not go thiimgh with it ; for, p. 7G, he foriTets himself, and calls him simply Ciesar, A\iiich. the true Brutus would have lost his life sooner than luuc done, had he once taken it into his head that it was wrong. But this by the bye. Now please to read over that part of the sheet, and teil me whether it be clear to you." couceni 1744-] ^HE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 173 concern the Preface to "a late edition of the Book of Job ; in which the Subject and Design of that Di- vine Poem are set in a full and clear Light, and some particular Passages in it occasionally explained; in a Letter to the Reverend Author of the Remarks/* Mr. Markland, in a Letter dated Uckfield^, April 1 7, 1 744, tells Mr. Bon yer, "I got hither on Wednesday, in three days from Twyford, without any danger or diificulty_, except a little trouble which a hasty brook gave us bv coming into the chaise and getting into my portmanteau : by which accident the Cicero you gave me has suffered a little. Mr. Clarke was with me on Fridav; and I had been there before this, had it not been for tlie almost perpetual rains and cold weather, which at present spoil a very beautiful walk between this place and Buxted*. He sent me i/our paiupldet, m which I think I clearly see several things that are certainly the Bishop's, and several that are certainlv not so. He has sent me likewise Mr. Wvir- burton's answer to his opponents, anil Dr. Sykes's Examination, &c. ; the former of which seems to me to liavc been published chieiiy with the design of * Mr. Clarke, in a letter written al^out the same tlin(\ says, ' [ tluuik vou ibr the answer to thcl'rial, c'vc. which I li;ul not seen, and have iiixcn to Mr. Markland accordin'x to vour direction. He tells me the paujphlet is Mr. Mo>-s: it i>, ui-ll done: he j)reserves, what I tiiO'.ight was scarcely pcssiblt/, the diirrity of the subject in answeriuLC siieh a trifle. 1 see vour fViend Mr. NCarbuiton is still a hero; lie makes nothing; of attaekint:- wiiole batti'.lion- ahjne: thon'i,li he p\es me the most jjlcasnre of nuy bod\, 1 < amioL bnt say 1 am in ])ain for him. Is tlicro no k<'opii)si: liKii lire and ^eniu^ within jjropcr limiJs ? He will lUU, as grent iik'U Ikwc done before him, !)\ tin- thing's h'^ doniscii mo-t J)r. -\!-.(\- and the H-'oplc. The Doctor lia-^ outdonr hi;;'-"!f, and 1 imi per- suaded that he is riiilit in his three fii~v jxi-i^un-, tl\'' K\<;ii'iie Doctrines, tiie SeiiM' u\ \\\Kt u\i\ 1>( ;r M.o ;i':i. ;'i!;l tisc Jf'.\i-h 'rhe< tnic liiin. 1 wnnler none of ihem turn his ai;j;uin< nl- iVoiu \i'!.!n :iM.I W bi.iui the Conqueror apiin-t liim : tiii-\ .v r^itiii'l^ ''1 > i l\e. aiii i)ro\r the action- aMiH)cd to OAv to 'e :'il iiM:e:i-.i.,'.y , for \:;!.',n s are undoubtedly v), anri his 1 .1 oiiMi. '.- in I'n c,- of >e-:.-ti i-t had iiothi'i;;- .-o '.-trikin^- to . ...jr' > !m > ;- v,ii:U ..,<- i:Mii.)wcd friym the ( Miunieror, .'iVniL'' 174 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1744- giving the General Review of the Argument of the Divine Legation, \a hich is an useful thing ; and the latter (Dr. Sykes's) seems to he a sly one. I shall be glad to see an Answer, a direct one, to sdme parts of it. I hope it is true what 1 see repeated in the papers, that Dr. Taylor is made Chancellor of Lin- coln. I shall be veiy glad to find myself mistaken in my opinion, which was, that Lord Carteret (for I suppose this comes from him) would never do any thing for Taylor, or for any body else, merely as a scholar. If this does not come from him, I resume my old opinion." The pamphlet was probably Bishop Berkeley's " On Tar Water," which was originally printed at Dublin, and re-printed in England at the very time Mr. Markland dates his letter. It was published by Mrs. Mary Cooper ; but the scheme of reprint- ing it was Mr. Bowyers, and consequently it was no unusual expression to call it his pamphlet. Mr. Markland's observation exactly suits Bishop Berkeley's pamphlet, and could not well apply to any original composition of Mr. Bowyer's. Ac- cordingly too we find Mr. Clarke a year after saying, upon Mr. Bowyers publishing Julian, " that it would not answer his purpose so well as Tar-water;" which in fact he had frequently occasion to reprint. He is also supposed to have written a small pamphlet this year on the ^' present State of Europe;" taken principally from PufendoriF. Mr. Thomas " Carte's Account of the Collections he had made for his intended IIi?tory of England." 1745. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed 25 copies of ^' Acts and Observations of the Spalding Gentlemen's Society in Lincolnshire, illustrated with Sculptures from Models, Drawings, and Sketches, made by the Members, and en2;raved by George Vertue a Mem- ber. With an Allegorical Device designed by Maurice 1745-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1^5 Maurice Johnson *_, esq. and engraved by Vertue, 1 J 46. London, printed by order of the Society, by William Bowyer a Member, 1745," foho. This was intended as a title-page to such of their minutes as might afterwards be printed. The second volume of " Dr. Pococke's Travels to the East," folio. "A Table of English Silver Coins from the Nor- man Conquest to the present Time, with their Weights, intrinsic Values, and some Remarks upon the several pieces. By Martin Folkes f,''' esq. 4to ; and a new edition of the " Table of Cold Coins," &c. (see p. 88). " Remarks on the Epistles of Cicero to Brutus, and of Brutus to Cicero ; in a Letter to a Friend. With a Dissertation upon Four Orations ascribed to M. Tuilius Cicero, viz. 1 . Ad Quirites post redi- tum ; 2. Post reditum in Senatu ; 3. Pro Domo sua, ad Pontifices ; 4. De Haruspicum responsis. To which are added, some Extracts out of the Notes of learned Men upon those Orations ; and Observations on them. By Jeremiah Markland, Fellow of St. Peter's College, Cambridge." Mr. Squire's ;|: " Sermon at St. Bridget's ;" anil his " Inquir}^ into the Foundation of the English Government," Svo. Mr. Whaley's ^ " Original Poems and Transla- tions," Svo. " Remarks on several Occasional Reflections, in Answer to the Rev. Doctors Stebbing and S\ kes, serving to explain and justify the Two Dissertations in the Divine Legation, concerning the Couunand * Of whom, and of the Spalding- SoriL-ty. of wliioh TMr Bouy.T was an active inember, a full acctmnt shall be i^ivcu in iht I--- :i)^ and Illustration?, vol. V. No. X\'. t Of whom, -t-e vol. V. No. X. * Aftenvaids Bisiiij}* of !?t. David's; of wiioin moi>- hcviiftcr ^ John AVhr.ky, M.A. fd'.ow of Kiru';'s coil-gc. Can, bridge, and an ing't-nioii's poet. He had publi'-hcd r.n eaihrr Collection of Poems, in one volunit- Svo, 17;^';^ To tin; l.ihoiii^ of .Mr. W'haley, 1 was indebted f';r .stveral ai title- .:. the- ' ^el^'Ct CoUl'c- tion of Miscellany Pocui-. I7b0 ." to 176 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l745. to Abraham to ofter up his Son, and the Nature of the Jewish Theocracy, objected to by those learned Writers*." Part the second and last-(~. By Mr. Warburton. 8vo. * " Arcades ambo, Et cantare pares, tt respoudere parati." Virg. f "I lia\e bid a iinal adieu to controversy, U)ilcs.s some verv groat provocation draw nic back." Remarks, p. 242. The whole conchision of this pamphlet is well worth attending to. *' As to the manner in ^^hich 1 ha\e answered some of mv ad- versaiies," says the learned wiiter, '' their insuil'erable abuse, and my own love of quiet, made it necessary. I had tried all ways to silence an iniquitous clamour; by neglect of it; by good words ; by an explanation of my meaning ; mid all without effect. The first volume of this obnoxious work had not been out many days, before I was fallen upon by a fui'ious ecclesiasti- cal news-writer, with the utmost brutality. All the return I then made, or then ever intended to make, was a vindication of my moral character, wrote \\ ith such temper and forbeartmce as seemed affectation to those who did not know that I only wanted to be quiet. But I reckoned without my host. The angry man became ten times more outrageous. What was now to be done ? 1 tried another method witii him. I drew his picture; I exj)osed liim naked; and shewed the publick of what parts and prin- ciples this tumour was made up. It had its effect ; and 1 never heard more of him. On this occasion, let nie tell the reader a stoiy. ' As a Scotch bagpiper v\as traversing the mountains of Ulster, he was one evening encountered by a hunger-star\ed Irish wolf. In thi^ distress, the poor man coidd think of nothing better than to open his wallet, and try the eifects of his hospi- tality. He did >o, and the savage swallowed all tlutt was thrown him with so improving a voracity, as if his appetite was but just coming to him. The \^hole stock of provision, y(ju may be sure, was soon tpent. And now, his only recouise was to the virtue of the bagpipe ; which the monster no sooner heard, than he took to tlie mountains with the same precipitation that he had come down. I'he poor piper could not so perfectly enjoy his deliverance, but that, with an angiy look at parting, lie shook his head, and said, * Ay ! are these your tricks ? Hiid I known your humour, you shoidd have liad your music before supper.' But though 1 had the caduceus of Peace in my hands, yet it was only in cases of necessity that I made use of it. And theiefore I chose to let jmss, without any chastisement, such impotent raiiers as Dr. Richard Grey, and one Bate, a zany to a mounte- bank. On the other hand, when I happened to be engaged with such verv learned and candid writers as Dr. Middlcton and the Master 'i'the Charter-house [Mr . Mann] , I gave sufficient proof how much I preferred a different manner of carrying on a controversy^ would my ansv.erers but aftbrd me the occasion. But, alas ! as I never sliould luue such learned men long my adversaries, and ne-.er ^745-] THE EIGHTEENTH CE^fTURY. I77 Two editions of Two single Sermons by Mr. War- burton: 1. *' A faithful Portrait of Popery^ by which it is seen to be the Reverse of Christianity, as it is the Destruction of Morahty, Piety, and Civil Li- bei'ty ; a Sermon preached at St. James's Church, Westminster, 1745," 8vo. 2. "A Sermon occa- sioned by the present unnatural Rebeihon, &c. preached in Mr. Allen's Ciiapel at Prior Park, near Bath, and published at his Request, Nov. 1745," 8vo. In tlie same year, 1745, to oblige Mr. George Faulkner * of Dublin, Mr. Bowyer wrote this short preface to a posthumous pamphlet of Deaii Swift : " The following treatise of Directions to Servants was begun some years ago by the Author, who had not leisure to finish and put it into proper order, beino- engaged in many other works of gieater use to his Country, as may be seen by most of his writings. But, as the Author s design was to ex- pose the villainies and frauds of servants to their masters and mistresses, we will make no apology for its publication ; but give it our readers in the same manner as we find it in the original, which may be seen in the printers custody. The few tautologies that occur in the characters left un- finished, will make the reader look upon the whole as a roii^h draught, with several outlines only drawn. However, that there may a])pear no daub- ing or patch-work by other hands, it is thought jiover wo^'.hl have those other my frien*!^, 1 found that, if I wrote at all, I must be condcnmcd to a manner, which all who know me know to ije most ablnn-rent to my mitnral temper. So, on the whole, I resolved to (luit my hands of ihcin at once, and turn again to nf)hle]' giime, more rnitahie, as Dr. Stehbin^- tells me, to my elerieal fanetion, tliat jie^lilenl herd of iibeHine f-ciibbiers, wirh which the i-!and i.^ over-run; whom I w(;uld hunt ilown, as y,ood Kini;' Ed;;ar did his wolves ; from the mighty author of ' Christianity as old a3 the Creation,' to the dnuiken bkupheming Cobler, viho wro'te againti Jesus and the Resurrec- tion. Tiiis was a pamidilet intituled " 1 i-e Ret;ui reclion of Jcsus tl. Vol. II. N most IfS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74I>. most advisable to give it in the Author's own words. It IS imagined that he intended to make a large voUime of this work ; but, as time and health would not permit him, the reader may draw, from what is here exhibited, means to detect the many vices and faults to which people in that kind of low life are subject. If gentlemen would seriously consider this work, which is written for their in- struction (although ironically), it woiild make them better oeconomists, and preserve their estates and families from ruin. It may be seen, from some scattered papers (wherein were given hints for a dedication and preface, and a list of all degrees of servants), that the Author intended to have gone throuoh all their characters. This is all that need be said as to this treatise, which can only be looked upon as a fragment." 1746. In this year Mr. Bowyer projected (what during his whole life he had in view) a regular edition of Cicero's Letters *, in chronological order, en a plan which it is to be lamented that he did not complete ; as an uniform series thus properly ar- ranged would have formed a real history of Tully's life, and those which cannot be dated might be thrown to the end without any inconvenience. In the same year he published " The Life of tlie Kmperor Julian ;" translated from the French of F. La Bleterie, and improved with twelve pages of curious notes, and a genealogical table. The notes were not entirely Mr. Bowyer's, but were -drawn * " Mr. Markland, Doc. in, 174G, says, "Made tvl hnlustrul, as to C icero ; but I fear you will lind reason to be tired of it upon two accounts ; one, l)eoause such a work as this will require the whole man and his attention, at least for some con- siderable timej and another, because such an Editor should either have of his own, or have tiie command of, a library in which are to be found all the liter atores; not to mention a third, that when you have taken all these pains^ the book perhaps may hang upon your hands." U] 1746.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I79 up in part by Mr. Clarke and other learned men. This translation (by Miss Anna Williams *, a blind * Daughter of a surgeon and physician in Sovith Wales, where she was boi'n in 1*06. Her father, Zachariah Williams, during his residence in Wales, imagined that he had discovered, by a kind of intuitive penetration, wliat had escaped tiie rest of mankind. Ke fancied, tliat he had been fortunate cnongli to ascertain the I^ngiiude by niagnetisni, and that tlie variations of the needle were equal, at equal di-tances. East and V\ est. The idea fired his imaginatio)i ; and, prompted by ambition, and the hopes of splendid reconijience, he determijied to lea^e his bu- siness and habitation for the Metropolis. I\Iiss\\ illiams accom- panied him, and they arrived in London about 17.^0 ; but the bright -views which liad allured him from his profession soon vanished. The rewards which he had promised himself ended in disappointment; and the ill success of liis .^chAnes may be inferred from the only recomj)ence which his journey and ima- gined disco'.eiy procured he was admitted a pensioner at the Charter-house. When Miss Williams first resided in London, she devoted no inconsiderable poition of her time to its various amusements. She visited eveiy object tl\at merited tlie inspec- tion of a polished and laudably-inquisitive mind, or could attract the attention of a stranger. At a later ])eiiod of life, she spoke familiarly of these scenes of which the hnpression \vas never erased, though they must, however, have soon lost (heir allure- ments. Mr. Williams did not long continiic a u:ember of the Charter-liouse. An iafringcmcnt of rules, or some other miscon- duct, obl.ged iiim to remove from that comlbrtablr' as}ium of age and povertv. He was now ex])0sed to severe t. ialr , and every suc- ceeding day increased the gloominess of Iiis pro-pects. In 1740 Miss Williams lost her -^ight by a catar.iCt, wfiich prevent(-(i her, in a great measure, from a^sistiug ids dK-tres-f-, acd alle\iaiing his sorrows. She still, however, felt ht.T ^}.-.s-ioii for liieraiure equally predominaut. She continue 1 tlie same aTtention to the neatne.-s of her dress; and, uliat is more e.vtraordiiiaiy, continued still the exorcist; of iiej- nee;lie ; a bninch of frmaie accomplishment in which she had belnre displ.ucd great excel- lence. During the lowncss of iier foiiuiie, -!i',> worked for her- self with nearly as nuu h ue^tority and ie;i(i;ii.'^s u^ if -he li:ui not sutlered a loss so irreparable, iler -.ovei'.- nf ( oevr-i- :i%ti!i retained tiieir former \igour. Iier I'iii.d (il.l riwt si'ik u."(!.-r the.se cahiijiiiies; and the naiund activity of her di-,.osiuou ani- mated her to imcommoa rx : !i'):i' " Though j'alle.'i o 1 ( \il day" ; On evil days tiiougl-. i uUm ; In darkness, and with daiigei criinp:!.-:. .1 i-ound. And solitude ! ' In IrW, notwithstanding her blindne.-:, --tie |.nhil-i;ed tiii: " Life of the Emperor J Hli:i:u ri(Mi !i'- I m Lrh of r. Li nic'. rir." It doe-s itot ai'pcar what j-'iu'iary ad\ai.i -"- ^;-- V\ i!ii:i:ii<. N 2 MV'ilt iSO LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74G. lady, assisted by two sisters of the name of Wilkin- might derive from this publication. They were probably not very considei-able, and atForded only a temporary relief to the misfortunes of her father. About this time, Mr. Williams, who imparted his afllictions to all from whom he hoped consolation or assistance, told his story to Dr. Johnson ; and, among other aggi'avations of distress, mentioned his daughter's blindness. He spoke of her acquirements in such high terms, that Mrs. Johnson, who was then living, expressed a de-ire of seeing her ; and accordingly she wjvs sonn afterwards bi'ought to the Doctor's house by her father 5 and Mrs. John?ou found her possessed of such qualities as rccommonded her strongly for a friend. A her own .state of health, therefore, wa,s \veak, and her husband was engaged during the greater ])art of the day in his studies,, she gave Mi.ss Williams a general imitation. A .strict intimacy soon took place ; but the enjoyment of tiK ir friendship did not continue long. Soon after its commencement, Mrs. Johnson was attended by her nev,- com})anion in an illness which termi- nated fatally. Di'. Johnson still retained his regard for herj and in 17o2, by his recommendation, Mr. Sharp, the celebrated sur- geoji, imdertook to j)erform the operation on Miss Williams's ryes which is usual in such cases, in hopes of restoring her sight. Her own habitation was not judged convenient for the occasion. She was, therefore, invited to the Doctor's. The surgeon's skill, however, proved fruitless, as the crystalline humoiu" was not sufficiently inspissated for the needle to take effect. The recovery of her sight was j)ronounced imj;os: ible. After this dreadful sen- tence, she for a long time never left the roof which iiad received her during the operation. Dr. Joluison's kindness and comxa>a- tion soothed her melancholv situation ; and her society seemed to alleviate the sorrows which his late loss had occasioned. When- the Doctor, however, changed his residence, she returned t(i lodgings ; and, in 1755 her father published a ?X)ok, in Italian and Engli.sh, intituled, "An Account of an Attem})t to ascertain the Longitude a? Sea, by an exactTheory of iheniagnetieal Needle . With a'iable of Variations at the mo.-.t memorable Cities in Europe, from the year 16Y>() to 18G0," 4to. The English part of this book was written by Dr. Johnson, the Italian bv Mr. Baretti f. In that year, Mrs. Williams's circumstances were rendered more ea.-y by the profits of a berxeiit-play, granted her by the kindness of Mr. Garrick, from which siie received '200'. which was placed in the public funds. While Mis.Williams enjoyed so comfortablcan asylum, her life passed in one e\ en tenor. It was chequered by none of those scenes wiiieh enliven biography by tlieir variety. The next event of any consequence, i;4 the histoiy of I\Trs. Williams, was the publi- (\ttion of a volume of " Miscellanies in Prose and Verse," in 176(). Her frien'ls assisted her, in the completion of this book, bv several voluntary contributions ; and U)()/. (which was laid out in a Bridge-bond) was added to her little stock by the liber- -f- Sfveral iiitcre.stiiiij Letters of .Mr. Williams concernin.g' the LongUiicIf, k.Q. may be seen in Gent. Mas;. vol.LVIl. pp.757, lOli, 1157. ality 1740.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. igl soil) was made under his immediate inspection, and was revised by Mr. Markland and Mr. Clarke *. aHty of her subscribei-s. About 1766 Dr. Johnson remo\ecl from the Temple, where he liad lived for some thne in chambers, to Johnsou's-conrt, Fleet-street, and again invited to his house the worthy fiiend of Mrs. Johnson. The latter (la\ s of Mrs. 'Williams were nou rendered easy and comfortable. Tier wants were few ; and, to suppU them, she made her income suHicient. She still posse.ssed an imalterable fner.d in Dr. Johnson. Her acfjiiaint- ance was select, rather than numerous. Their society made the infirmities of age le.-s intolerable, and communicated (as I have frequently witnc-sed) a clieeifulness to her situation, which soli- tary blindness would othenvise ha\e rendered truly deplorable. 1 luiA e frequently taken tea with Dr. Johnson, made by Mi-s. Wil- liams. .She could discriminate tlie colour of a ir(jwn or a coat by feeling it ; imd was ccmtinually borrowing books t-o read, as she called it, but which her friends read to her. She died, at the house of her friend, in Bolt-court, Ileet street (whither thev re- moved about the year 1775), Sept. G, 1/83, aged 77 j and bcqueatlied all h(;r little ellects to a cliarity, whicli had been in- (jtituted, in the parish of St. Sepidchre, for the education of poor deserted giils, and supjjorted by tlie contributions of ladies. * " I like youj" specimen of Julian \ei'y well, aftd fancy it will answer yum* j)ur])ose ; not so \\ell indeed as Tar-icuter, but better than any other holy water you could give us. 1 suppose you don't finish your sheets off, till Mr. Markland has read them. It is worth \\ hile to stay for their I'eturn ; for he sweeps all at a single rending, and can tell by memory, whether Ablarius or Abla\ius Ls the true name of a Consul tliat scarce an\ body i-ver heai'd (jf. You umst take care that your fair tratnlators don't keep rather too cU)se to the Frci.ch j it is pardonable in their sex, Jjutwill not pass so well in yours; though 1 >aw little to complain (jf. The French sj;elling' of the propei' names t/ietf must ahva\s follow. They have too. Master of J ii Han, for what is easier v^ith us, Julian's Master.- and in anoth(.'r place, to em- ploy in d(wnggocd that liberty; more expressive, both the liberty, &.C. But tiiesc are trifles. 1 fancy that most of the difficult irs you find in medals are of the Antiquaries' own making, in lav- ing down geneial rules, which are precari(jus. ("a:sars wen; sometimes sent into provinces, as Juhan was, with full po\\>is , ;ind liie niinls in those provinces might compliment th. ni with the diadem, as knowing it would not di^plea'.e the Finpcroi-. In others, the -ame person might go without it. F. Joljcrf seems to be dear in this: 'On feroit voir de simples Ccsir- cou- ronnez de lauricr, ou parez du (iiadnnc on niontrcioil ,:\rc la meme facilii6 plusietus mefiailk'S d'Fni{)ereurs (u leur tete m- irouve toutc nue.' What will you thlnl. then of \ .iliviu^'s a.~scr- tion of uerer appearing with a coronet ' 'i'hi- nnist be for tiie fcake (jf ail lupothesis ; unlcr^^ he had seen all the mc(!al.-> ot Julian, tiicre i^ no usseitinti- it. Mr. Clarke to Mr. Bouuer. Uii l8^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [174^. His advertisement is here exhibited : *' The following piece was recommended to me by an eminent Writer *, who has had the good fortune to please the world ; and is therefore best entitled to judge of its taste. I found it, in many respects, agreeable to my own. By authority, there- fore, and inclination, I was led to communicate it to the publick. It appears, perhaps, nnder some dis- advantage, because the Author has not thought proper to put his name to it ; which has precluded the Editor likewise from the pleasure of adding his, beino- obliged not to come behind his French orioi- nal in point of delicacy, I trust it to make its way iu the world by its own merit, without any other re- commendation. That the English edition, however, might receive some advantage, I have added a plate of' coins, ?i\\(\ some notes -^-^ to illustrate the history, sometimes perhaps to bring in fresh matter to it. Those who have no relish for the knowleds^e of medals, will find themselves interested enough in the narrative, and may leave the showy part of the entertainment to other readers. The motives which led Julian to quit the Christian Religion will be al- ways matter of enqtiir}^ ; for one Apostate upon principle raises our speculation more than thousands without principle, or against principle. Among other reasons which arise from a yiev/ of his life, I would suggest, the early prejudices he must have conceived against the cruelty of Constantius ; the reigning vice, 1 may say, of that family. We imbibe in our youth the principles of our guardians in proportion only to our veneration for them. Perhaps our own Queen Mary's attachment to Popery might be accounted for from a like cause; a short reign, like Julian's and Christianity, as the * Supposed to be Mr. VVarburton, whose in.afeteily Discourse, under the title of " Julian," i\Ir. Bowyer had printed in 1750, Mr. W'^uburton afterwards called in the irnjircssion of this Dis- course. Why is not now knuvvu. ikit the fact i^ curious. i W'liich may Ix; seen in ilie quarto volu.ii;e of Mr. Bowyer's M; scellaneo'' Tracts, 1746.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. I83 Reformation, first established by a long reign, re- covered the faster for a little opposition to it. But I will detain the Reader no longer from the History, and his own reflections." The following letter was sent by Mr. BovNyer on this occasion to the London Courant: " It is one of the hardest things in nature to give an enemy the praise which is due to him. I was led into this reflection on a double account, from reading a most entertaining piece, ' The Life of the Emperor Julian ;' the author of it a Frenchman ; the subject, an Apostate from the Christian Reli^ gion. A writer of our own had heretofore attempted somewhat of the same kind, the celebrated Mr. John- son*, a man of wit, and a sprightly controversialist. But very different talents are requisite to make a good historian : an extensive view of the times he writes of ; a methodical disposition of his work ; a clear narration of facts, varied according to the different scenes that occur in it, and carried on throughout with a politeness becoming an attendant on a prince ; and, above all, a true knowledge of human nature, which traces out the springs of action, whether actuated by prejudice, passion, or policy, are ' qualities which the Knglish writer wanted, and so remarkably distinguish the French, that a man would scarce tliink he was reading the same period of time in l)oth. Then for the subject, the very name of an iVpostate carries with it so frightful an idea, tliat we think it is inconsistent with every virtue, and presently concUide, tliat the imu\ who has deserted Christianity, has abandoned Ini- nianity likewise. Others take a contrary turn : and, having found a prince of distinguished sense, wliose mind was not o]x-n to the conviction of revelation, * Chaplain to Lnid Rus.scl in the tinu> of (harks II. Hi^ infl'ixible j)atnotistn involved him in fro(iurnt dangers ; jiartic u- Jarly, in K'/J'l, )is life was atlcniptrd by -e\fn a'->a.->in>, who beat him in l)ed, and one of tluan luad with a ^Aord. He lived till May 17f)3. All hi.-, tr.'ati-o weif collected in 171''', ia 'Jiic fuii'j v(jlume, v,ilh iuinc uicuiuiiuls of liis life. niard? bis note is 3 ' See our Julicuis life and cliarncter ill'tst Diss. VII." -} '"The late P;Kn/;//;*was written by i\ I r. John Ross, of St.,h)hn's college; B.A. 1740^ M.A. 17-14; B.lV. 1751; andD.D. 1756; who thus early declared that esteem which he ever afterwards profc-sed for Dr. Middleton's elegant ta^te in literary accomjdishment. by hazarding this elegant //j/oii agair.st one of tlie Doctor's n.ost for- midable antagonists. " In this Pamj)hlet, however, he had the a^sistrince of the late Mr. (iray and others, though Mi". Ko.-s always took the credit of it to himself" Mr. E. Clarke, in a Letter to Mr. Niihoh-. To Mr. Ross the publiek was soon after indebted tor a valuable edition oi' Cicero's "Phiistohe ad Familiares, 1749," Svo. (onv\hith see the Remarks of Mr. M.'jklarul, in vol. IV. pp. 2bl. 317. 319). A MS. of these Letters, written in a fair and legible 1J46.'] ' THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 185 the Antients, after the Manner of Mr. Markland, are clearly answered : those passages in Tully cor- legible hand, on vellum, wa3 leijt by Dr. Mead to Mr. Ross; who adiled English notes, preferriri^ the English langua;i,f lo bar- barous Latin and hackneyed phi-ases of criticism, and imitating Mongault's excellent edition of tiie Epistles to Allicus, with a French translation and note;?. This edition was dedicated to the late Lord Gower ; and the letteis are arranged according to the order of time and persons, and as it is piobable they were rtist placed by the first publi-^h;MS of theui, -Dr. Ross was appcjiuted Kind's chaplain, and preacher at the Rolls, 1757; presented in 1760 to the vicaraM;e of Fronie Zehvood, co. Somerset, by Lord Weymouth; who, when lord-lieutenant of Irelaml, nominateil Dr. Ros.s to be h's cha lain. He was advanced to the see of Exe^. ter I77B, on the de.ah of Rp. Keppel; ditcl at Exeter, Aug. 1-1, 1792 ; and, by his List will, made the f(dlo\\inii; lil>eral piovisioa for his doinesticks : to his man 3{X)/. and his wardrobe ; to his housekeeper, cook, footman, and grocjin, 1(X)/. each ; besides a year's wages and mournijig to eatdi of them, and an additional sum of 10/. for e\(iy ye;;r they had been re-ipecti\elv in his service. As some had been v'ith him near .30 year.-., and none le^s than 14, the whole bequest to servants ahme amounted lo 2(X)()/. He also left to the Exeter infirmary 200 guineas; to the chapter of Exeter great jiait of his library ; and, after a few li'gacies to distant reluiions and iViends, bequeathed the residue (>f his property to his kinswoman. Miss Garway, daughter-in-law of Sanutel Collet t, esq. of Worcester. Bishop Ross printed iive sermons, viz. L At the Cambridge Commencement, 1756"; '2. On the E^>t, l/oG ; 3. On Januar) .'^0, before the Hoirse of (.onunons, 17 59; 4. On January .iO, before the llou-e of Lords, 1779; 5. On the Fast, before the House of J^)rds, 1779. In the former edition of these .'\necdotes, the Editor, speaking of .Mr. Ross's jiublications in 1744 and .'749, took occasion to add, '' U ho- cver considers, that these were both verv eailv j)roductions, ;ind knows that the Bishop has eonlined himself, through 30 years of the ))iimc of a life unconnnonly ai)stemious, to an uneea-iing reading of the ver\ he^t books onlv on the mo-t im- portant subjeei, will fuKl that l>i> admiration of them increa>es his regret, that any rea--ons should ha\e preseiUed hi^ re- ceiving more ami-'le fruits of this Fi-elaie's learning a;i:l judg- nient. How nmch cause of I'e^n't would the iipulilick of htter.^ have had, if anv consideration had indneed Hi-it');) I>outh to \vithhold a late work from them, lliii, for tii" ni'dlijdieity H.d iiriportance of its dise(neri!-, has pcrh:i|)^ not been e(|uallcd since the p:d)Iiea'ion of the S lercd Autho!-, th<'in-' !w ! I iipjty indeed it i^ f >r the CJhri tian worli!, when nn n of ilic-c :^i ;anlir abilities condcvcc'nd loin-tiuet n-. :.;id. tin;!;; !< >-(n our.-oirow f(;r tlie lo-s of a Shuiail prefi rm^ nt ; a f ircnm iinuc whicii orci-ioned tiie i'olio'.ving Letters from that Laruc-d aui i<(-:vu)lcnt .';>! iti-. " DhAK l86 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [174^- rected, on which some of the Objections are founded. With Amendments of a few Pieces of Criticism in " DEAR MB. ASHBY, Exctcr, Sept.23, 1780. "As soon as Johnson t informed me of hLs being in possession of Stansneld + , I wrote to the Lord Chancellor, to desire him to gi\e directions for your presentation ; ha\ing some suspicion, that the dii-ections in the office, to which you refer, belong to a living in Cornwall, which I had begged to have the disposal of when it should become vacant. I have written also to Nir. Gell to expedite your business, so far as he is concerned in it, as fast as possible ; and I hope there will be no delay. " I was much surprized at the printed notef^, which you en- closed. I am much obliged to the writer of it ; but could not have suspected that either of the Pamphlets would have been worth remembering at so great a distance of time. I did not know the author of the one, till I read it this last winter in the Biographia. Excuse the hurry in which I write : I am in the midst of the preparatory business of an ordination. J. Exeter." "^ DEAR SIR, Frome, Oct. 4, IJSO. " The Pamphlet in the manner of Mr. Markland, as, I think, was exprased in the title-page, was undoubtedly mine. It was known to be mine at the time ; and you must have known it to be mine as \^ ell as others. You treat it ^ cry se\ erely ; but I am not much disturbed at it. It was intended to laugh at Mr. Mark- land ; and not, as you write, to serve him. The arguments, though flimsy and puerile, were his ; and applied to writings un- doubtedly genuine, in order to shew their insufficiency for the purpose to which he had applied them : and I never knew who was the defender of Mr. Markland till I read the article Bou-yer in the New Biographia last winter. The note which you sent me, from the ci\ility of it, I thought to be your oicti. But, whoever writ it, 1 could not be offended at it, though the sub-r ject of it might as well have been forgotten : or, if it was neces^ sary in tiie execution of Nichols's plan to mention it, it miglit have been drawn up in a different manner. I thank you for your communication from Pallas ; but,. I own, I seldom cmjdoy myself in speculations below the sui'face of the Earth j and think J have little concern with any thing more than the small por- tion which 1 am some time or other to occupy. J. E." f "Sam'-icl J jlmson, late peqsetiia! curate of Cirencester, prpsented by the Bishop of F.xfttfr to one of the tiiree perpetual curacies of Bampton, Oxford-? shiro, worth 200/. a j'ear, vacant by the death of Dr. ,\tnphlet." T. F. + What here follows is in the words of Mr. Ashby : " In October 1780 he [Mr. A.] ".vas inducted into the living of Stansfield in .Suffolk, owinp,- to the favour of Dr. Koss, Bishop of Exeter; who, entirely nnsolicited, gave him a valuible portion of the vicarane of Bampton in Oxfordshire ; but whicli, being out of distance from his Collegj living [Barrow] h'; procured an ex- change of it for Stanslleld. Dr. Ross's friendsliip for him began early, in College ; and continued uniformly steady through all following changes of place and situation." This was a proof sheet of the note as originally written ; in which se- veral alterations were; afterwards made at the sug^" sti.ii of i^Ir. Ashby. " MY IJ46.~\ THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 187 Mr. Markland's Epistola Crltica. 1746." 8vo. It was certainly printed by him ; and if he did not " MY DEAR MR. ASHBY, Froiiie, Oct. 14, 1780, " I am much concerned that my last letter has given you any uneasiness. It was far fiom my intention of doing it. I had not taken the least offence at Avhat you had written^ nor entertained any suspicion of your want of esteem for me ; and, now you have explaineil the whole transaction with Nichols, which you had not done before, I think myself particularly pbliged to you for clearing me from the guilt of writing so sillij a pamphlet, as it seems to be from the specinien which you have sent me. I had entirely forgot the matter of it, as I have almost that of my own; and i)robably, if I were to read this last now, I should form the same judguient of it as I thought you had done, and joined with you in dL-sOwning it. " 1 hope, before you receive this, that you will be in full pos- session of Stansfield. The opportimity which I have had of doing \ou tliis little favour has been one of the greatest pleasure.-i which I have had from my advancement ; and if it nere not for oUch opportujiities as these sometimes liappc-ning, there is nothing belonging to it which could make it of any value to me. J. E." " MY nr.AR MR. ASHBY, jT/OWf, [1/83 f], /' Though I mentitmed tlie number of letters of business which I am obliged to aiiswer, as a reason for the sloivniss of my cor- respondence, yet I ue\er intended to use it ;is a j)lea for not answering at all the letters of particvdar friends ; and, whatever my business may be, I shall be glad to' liear from them, and always find time to acknowledge their favours, and to lliank them for tliem. I au) fi;reatly obliged to you for yours ; and had great jJeasure to be inf(jrme;l, tliut, in tliese tiuus of gent>r;d necessity, y(ju are so mi'.ch at ea-.e in your own cin-unistaiKe-. and that I iiave been in souu- ^mall degree a contiibutor to them. I wish it were in my power to luld -oineihing niort', and to teiujii you, by something of vulue, to sjx'ud a part of }()ui' time ai i^xeter. liut 1 have no pro-peet of ever haviiig tiiat in niv power. The dignities in mv cliurcli, wiiicii are in my dispo-al. and t)f coii-^idi ruble value, luc few, and in p()--:,-sion ofjouiigi) nien than either of Um ; and mv jjivbeiid.-^ ha\e no corps, witli only an lumutd stipeml of twenty pomid-, aiid iia\e no oIIk i value in theui tliaii a> a fpialiiieatioii for u e.u.oniy, \vlueh i.- in the choice of the cliajitcr : to one oi' \v!ii( ii, if ihei e -liouhl be m vacancy, 1 mav p(ih:ij)T la\e int' :e-t eni.'nL;li to nrocure ihe t'lection of uiv (.uajilain ;, and llierefoi( , il'i'.^r il ^houl.! lie jigree;Ll;le (o vou to in:.ke an e\< ;nM(i;i t(; th We-!, 1 e;ui c.nK assure _\on o'i-i h' :i!t\ weieo.i.e in niv oa n hou-e, and a ri'-ideufi thei'C. ;.- loiig a-i \ou please. f- This lirti r was I'los: ](i<)':.i',jl'- uriitcii lew.-xrd-, tlic l.ittir ( inl <.i i],f ye.ir 17<.". or enrlv ui O.ir Io.'i.a; 'ei.-; ; .-'.s Dr. r>.ii;ut ^ll(( r< did l'.i~li(ij> Voiige ia Mav, autl conUiiii'jd iV. Ji'u-v .-.o arly al^|.^^vulvir< .'..> "-"I't t i.i'.i- r. \ iSS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [ij-i^* write it himself (which is extremely probable), he W'as at least an assistant in it *. " I had no doubt of jour Bishop's acquitting hirntielf well in his Visitation. He is a veiy worthy man, and will cnclcpvour to do all the good he can. He complained njiich to me of the state of his Diocci-e in many respects, owing to the easine.s.s and inac- tivity of his predccesj^nr; and was vuuler some apprehension of meeting with dilMculties, which would be abo\e his strength to contend with. But, indeed, the situation of a Bishop is in no diocese a situation of case and pleasure. I certainly do not find it such in mine. My velvet cushion, which without appears to be so soft and easy, is witliin full of briars and thorns ; and, when I change my seat, they stick to me, Avherever I am, and even pursue me in my present retirement at Frome. But, whether 1 am at ease or not, whether 1 am at Frome or Exeter, or at any otiier place, I shall ever remember our friendship with plea- sure, and continue most sincerely yours, J. Exettu." " MY DEAR MR. ASHEY, SoutJt Audlcij-strect, Dev. 10. " At the sight of ymn* letter I received the greatest pleasure ; for, though neither distance of time or place can e\ er )nake me forget the many happy dajs \\ e passed together in Cambridge ; yet it instantly excited the remembrance of them, and I fancied juj'self in company witli you and Ruthertorth, and many of our old friends J but ihe decejjtion lasted btit a short time. It was, as it were, a dream, which ended in disappointment, and left me alone to recollect, that most of them were no more, and that you and I arc at such a distance, that, as we had not seen each other for many years, we might most ])robably never see one another again ; but, however, I still rejoiced to observe. by your letter, that you seem to retain the same good spirits aiiti activity of mind which you used to ha\ e ; and, as long as yoti can retain that, by amusing yourself with that variety of literary enquiries of which you have laid in a great stock, and in which I ain told you continue to em{)loy yourself, life will Ije a happy enjoyment to you. Employment, I am certain, is the great seci-et of happiness; and I hope you \\ill experience the truth of it in a large degree. " Dr. Heberden this moment called in upon me, whilst I was writing j and I read him the ])aragraph of ytMir letter 3'elating to him. He was nmch ])ieased -with it. He seems to be in perfect health, and almost free from :dl the iniirmities of age. Such ere the good efiects of teni])erance and virtue ! " I thank God, I enjov a tolerable share of liealth myself, though 1 {ind an abateniCWi in my strength, and cannot read without the assistance of Argeu.-,' hunp : but I do not want cm- plovnicnt. Sometimes I ha\c too much ; and I fear that I want the fortitude, and firmness of mind, which your Diocesan is dis- * After the L(jndon, aiid thei(! to take up my winter-quartc:-s. I]ut this is a languajic which is full of presum])ti():i, and doe.s jkA belou"- t(j ine, -Mv plan will mo.-t |)i()bab;y be ii.;er)tij)ted, and I ought not to jnurmur or com}:la:n. 1 h^^e u;isscd tlie age. of seventy-one ; I have enioyed a great share o" the blcs-i.'i.^', (;f Providence ; and am, 1 hope, neither unlharikful for them, nor unwilling to resi;in them ; aiid. as l(;ng as I live, shall be glad sometinu.-s to hear from yoii ; an 1 beg tiia^ )ou \sl\{ believe ny. t(j be to mv last moment, " Your a'.Fectionate und faithful friend. J. Exetek ;." ^ In a letter to Mr. liowver, dated J.in. 'IQ, 174;'>-(;, I\Ir. War- burton, aft'.T gi\ing some little connnissious, " in confidence tli;/. his friend had suruved and g-A i!ie better of the ;darms fur iu\. 1 The- Ri^fjoTj lived tv.o -.rzTi i!..I t ^^ '^ y^ aft'-' t!": 'J"-'u- of t\y.-. letter. 190 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74^. of National Offences truly stated ;" preached on the general Fast-day, Dec. 1 8, 1 745 ; and 2. " A Ser- mon preached at the Hianksgiving appointed to be observ^ed the ^th of October, for the Suppression of the late unnatural Rebellion." Of these, and of the two single Sermons mentioned in p. 177, there were several editions in 8vo. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed also Mr. War- burton's " Apologetical Dedication to the Rev. Dr. Henry Stebbing, in answer to his Censure and Misrepresentations of the Sermon preached on ther General Fast-day appointed to be observed Dec. 18, 1745," 8vo. The first volume of " A new Method of learning^ with greater Facility the Greek Tongue * -, con- constitution, and frights fiom the Highlanders, that lately filled the country with confiision,' tells him, " I have subscribed 30^ to the Lincolnshire Association (which is more than any of the Clergymen in the coimty) ; and I have published three sermons. Have not I fairly contributed my quota both in temporals and Spirituals ? I will neither be a civil nor an ecclesiastical slave j but don't be surprized if I soon submit to the vinclajugalia. To offer up my freedom to one of the finest women in England, is being more than free. In the mean time, whetlicr bond or free, depend upon my being always yours." Mr. ^^'arbvirton was married to Miss Tucker on the fifth of September 1745. * In a copy of this book Mr. Bowyer has left the following memorandum : " When the first edition of this Grammar was ti'anslated into English, as I printed one volume and Mr. Bet- tenham the other, I thought it would be a means of recommend- ing myself to the proprietors, Messrs. Nourse and Hawkins, if I suggested to them to add Lowes Collection of Ligatures new en- graved and improved. The engraver executed his part \ ery ill, as the ixader w ill .'^ee ; but for the first edition it was to pass. When a second edition was going to the press, I renewed my application to print one of the v(jlumcs, as I had done before, and reminded the proprietors tliat the plate shoidd be new en- graved. 1 was rejected with .^corn ; and Mr. Hawkins told me, I should not print a letter pf it : that my brnilier Bettenhmn sfiould print the whole. Tie faults in the plate are monstrous; and two ligatures arc oraitted, v.hich 1 had introduced into it from H. Stephens's Epistola ad quosdam avticos, 8oriyfr ; therefore ivl/h you icotild buy a copy in Ato, of Mr. Knaplon, frotu irhich you may print. I did so, and affjuainrod .Mr. .Millar of it. He then told me, he had altered his mind, and i'-.teuded .Mr. Bettenham should print the fust volume, and I shoul 1 ))nnt the second volume. After- wards, he said, .Mr. rkltenha:ii having urged that he had a eai*e- ful corrector, he should print Ijoth vohnnes, and Ijade me deli\er them to him ; h'- would !)iak(> me amends in >omewhat els*.-. I never ))nnted a line, (if 'fomei' since. I would have givon him the-(; .\1 S additions, if he had kept to hi- ])r()nu.-e; but I have been, bv Mr. Hettenham and oihcr booksellers, treated niany times in the ^arne manner, particularly in tlie (ireck (iranmiai", by .Me-s. d Port-}loy;d, for .Nour-e and Hawkins, ]is1er>] printed lately by me tlie tirst edition ; afierwurd- r)nh one volume." * Of the first volume of thi^ lii-tory, i .")0 copies weic printed on roval ))aper, 850 on a second sizi!^ and 2(X)0 on small paper. Of i92 LITEItARY ANECDOTES OF [^747* first Inhabitants of the Country, and the Transac- tions in it from the earhest Times to the Death of Kino; John, A. D. 121^, by Thomas Carte*, an Knoushman," foho. Mr. ChishulFs " Travels in Turkey, and back to England," foho; Avhich has been ah^eady noticed. " Bibhotheca Radchviana ; or, a short Descrip- tion of the Radchtte Library at Oxford, &c, con- taining its several Plans, Uprights, Sections, and Ornaments, on Twenty-three Copper-plates, neatly engraved, with the Explanation of each Plate, ibiio, by James Gibbs, Architect, F. R. S." " The Evangelical History and Harmony. By Matthew Pilkington, LL. B. Vicar of Stanton in the Countv of l)erbv, and Chaplain to his Grace the Duke of Cleveland," folio. " Demosthenis Selective Orationes : ad Codices MSS. recensuit, Textum, Scholiasten, et Versionem plurimis in loci?^ castigavit, Notis insuper illustravit Ricardus Mounteney '|~3 Coll. Regal, apud Canta- brigienses baud ita pridem Socius. Praefiguntur Observationes :^ in Commentarios vulgo Ulpianeos, Of the succeoflini^ volumes, 100 only were printed on royal paper* aiul G."50 on small paper. * Of whom see the Essays and Illustrations in vol. V. No. XVI. f I'his crentlernan, who in 17^5 went, from Eton to King's college, wliere he became a felU.nv, published the lirst edition of his Demosthenes in 1'31. He was a bairistcr of the Inner Temple; and became in 17o7 one of the barons of the Excherp^er in Ireland; when, in 17-13, there came on in that court the famous trial between .Tames Aniiesley, esq. and Ilichai'd Earl of Anglesey ; in which this Judge made a most resj)ectable iigc.re. He was the author of " Obscrvatior.s on the probable Iss\io of the Congress." ]>rintcd by Mr. Uowyer in 17-48, 8vo. His inti- macy with Sir Ef WilJiam Chapman, curate and school-master of VVaiebam, then rector of Stratfield Say. He was a fellow of Kmg's college, Cambridge; i>.A. 17'27; M. A. 1731. lie was afterwards D. D. ; chaplain to Abp. I'otter > rector of Mershara, Kent ; 174?.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. IQ^ et Tabula antiquae Grseciae Demostlieni accomnio- clata," 8vo. This work was inscribed, in a very excellent Dedication, to Sir Robert Walpole. " Letters on various Subjects, by the late Sir Thomas Fitzosborne, Bart." 8vo. [by William Mel- moth *, esq.] Kent; and also (in 1739) of Aldington, with the chapel of Smeeth. He was alhO tieaj^^iirer of Chichester, which, witii the archdeaconiy of Sudbury, lie received as options. Being edu- cated at Eton, and elected to King's, he was a candidate for the provostship of that college, with the late Dr. George, and lost it but by a small majority. A Charge to the Clergy of his Archdeaconry, which he pubUshed in 1745, incurred the lash of Dr. Middleton (see his Works). " Wliat yon say of Chapman's Charge is pleasant enough. The Bishop of London told me of it, and I own I could not forbear laughing while he mentioned it ; as Gibber, when he told his Patron of an Ode ho made at sciiool, said he was sure he could not foibear laughing at the sound." Bp. Warhurtori s Correspondtnce. As executor and survi\ing trus- tee of Abp. Potter, Dr. (;ha])man3 conduct in that tnist, particu- larly his presenting iiimself to the Precentorship of Liiicoln, on the death of Dr.Trimnell (an option) was brought into Chancery by Dr. Richardson ; nhen Lord Keeper ik'nley, in 17ttO, made a decree in Mr. Chapman's favour; but, on an ajipeal to the House of Lords, the decree was reversed, and Dr. Richardson ordered to be presented. (See the case reported in Burn's fvCclesiastieal Law, art. Option.) On this occasion Bp. Warburton tells Mr. llurd, "^Dr. Richardson is come off victorious in the appeal, {"he pre- centorship of Lincoln is decreed ibr him llie Kecp'T"-: decree reversed, witli co.sts of suit. Lord Mansfield sjjokeadnjiribly. It has been tliree tiajs in tning." Aiul his I"riin done a'^ la-t u])()ii a nian wi>o had no regard to tlie decency of ,i;is o-aii cinuacter."' He died at M';r>li (Jhri^tian'- D..f'i'nf.'t; against the Moral Plii!ost;i)licr. i;.'.;)," '2 %;.!-. i-,\o: " Di- Ai\A\c Ciceronis Libii de Legibus, ( anib. l/ll," 8>o; " 01' the .Mi- raculous Powers aiiioiig tSie Fi imki- - riiii-;i;ui-, 17")'-, '^\'); " Obsei'vationes in Comnu'nlario-. mi'^o i lt)i;ui(()-, pi. ti\ed to Mounteney's Demosthenes, I7'j; (a-- n.oiii,", d al)i;\. ). lii- library wac sold by I^.igh, iji 17M5. He e-;i'natc:l it at :">')/. ; and used to say he had j^ot a fiiou^aiul ]M)unil- woith of kiKiulcdge out of it. He left iiis j)ifture an.l l.i^ liltrarv !-> his brolix.r. a draj)er ([lartner with She|)[)ar(i) ii.ar Soiiui-it hn-j-^- in the Strand, who was then a widowei, w)th two danghic r-. '' The excellent Tran^la;or n!" " l^Iter^ of I'liny tlic Consul, with occa;-ional Remarks, 1740, ' 2 vols. b\o-, of wiiich a .-(cond Vol. H. O editiu.n. 194 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74/ A third edition of " The Alhance between Church and State," 8vo. " A Letter from an Author to a Member of Par- hament, concerning Literary Property" [by Mr. Warburton], 8vo. "Critical Notes on some Passages of Scripture," [by Mr. Nicholas Mann], 8vo. " Objections to a Pamphlet lately published in- tituled, * Critical Notes, &.c. in a letter to the Au- thor." By Emanuel Langford *. " A Critical Enquiry into the Opinions and Prac- tice of the antient Philosophers, concerning the nature of the Soul and a Future State [by Mr. Towne-j-] ; with a Preface by the Author of ^ The Divine Legation,"' two editions, Svo. Mrs. Cockburne's ^ " Remarks upon the Prin- cdidon, corrected, appeared in 1747; and albo of " Letters of Marcus Tullius Cicero to several of his Friends, wirli Remarks, 1753/' 3 vols. Svo ; and of Cicero s " Essays on Old Age and Fjiendsliip," 2 vols. Svo, 1773 and 177S. * Of Christ Church, Oxford^ M.A. 17'2S. f Who ^vill be further noticed under the year 17-"j''- + This remarkable instance of an extiaordinary genius for literatiu'e in the ilnnale sex was a daugliter of Cu])t. Da\id Tiottcr, a native of Scotland, and a sea commander in the reign of King Cliarles 11. She was born in London, Aug. IG, 1079, and Ija})- tizcd in the Protestant church, according to which she was breti up in her infancy a Protestant ; but, being a sprightly, ingeni- ous, and beautiful child, she was particularly caressed by somr- considerable families aiiKjng the Papists. This fa\our naturally ViTOUght a good opinion of -uch friends 3 and entering into an intimacy v/ith them as slie grow u]), she became an easy con- quest to their faith, in which sjie continued many years. In the mean time liei- genius ripiened apace, and shot forth proofs of her talents for poetry, even before siio had passed her chiidhcotL In her seventeenth year she produc(>uperi()r, to all her Jurnu-r wiitinx-, tiansmitteil iicr manasciij.'. to Mi'. W.'riburtPi!. wiio ]ntbIi^lK(l it with a preface of hi- own. ' Dr. BircfK .Mr-'. Cockhuine -Mi vised this j)ublicatlo)i t\', o \ea!- 01. !y. '^'u- dird in V'lA:); and was intcnvd al Eoiig ilov-lry, iu:ir iici ]iu.-5band, who died th.e ye;>r befoie her, with thi- -linii v.m;- icnee ujion llu Kjmb, " I>et ti'.eir work- prai-e tl;- I'l in tl.e ii-aU's," ProV. \\v. .'A. Hei- Worki wvw (oll.rle,: :.;; ! j:;iii- ii>hrd in 17.>1, in two vd'unic-, Sso, wiiii an ;i..;. ;ui'! nf :ir|- life pi.ii\(d, !; whicli 1 am ()l;Ii^^d for tlu' -:;!:-;;;. n i- ;ni ine<)nt<-li:j!i' ;,i(;:4' o'.' I'.i'. ;i-tl;iiis g( niu-. l>'.it hi')- a.biiitic- ;-- '. '.\ liter \ui; w-:'. iv -;>m '.Mtlii^ut ,',ttt n(.!in:r to Ih.' ];t<.'uii;'! ciMiiiii-t.e.h:-- i:i\'.niiii In r 'v'. :'i;iii:'.s w.'V:- jirodiu cd : Ik'-ciuIs \oiitii. '.' >v i:i ,t ic',', w ii'-n -I'.e \Mo;e -'AW.: hervery uhancedai.iv. a;id ;'!-!;: '-ol' In ah h.whe,;^ :i.- !:-. \v up otl'/ !- ; ttie imra-;> -itu:.,i..n of !);.,' \'^r\\v.u- .Inriii ; t'ue w iioi.- co.iv-i' oC Ikt liiV ; and ;',n iii:et".:d of wm '.\-\\'.\ \. ::-. i.i !!i \i^:tud eMCJubci-ed. 1 ;:'.'.' nil!'.- i-.r AuVx- , 'i" m- ,, Lilitlv ig6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1747- on the Nature and Obligations of Virtue*, in Vindi- cation of the contrary Principles and Reasonings stantly recovered its entire poweis ; and, in the hours of relax- ation from domestic employments, pursued to the utmost limits 5ome of the deepest re.searchcs the human understanding is capa- ble of." Dr. Birch. Her character is that of a most unconnnon lady, no less celebrated for her beauty in her younger jears, than foi- her genius and accomplishments. She was small of stature, but had a remarkable liveliness in her eyes, and a delicacy of complexion which continued to her death. * Thomas Rutherforth, of St. John's college, Cambridge; B,A. 17293 M. A. 17333 B.D. I74O3 D.D. 1745. He was son of the Rev. Thomas Rutherforth, rector of Papvvorth Everard in the county of Caml)ridge, who had made large collections for an History of that County. He was born October 13, 17 12 3 apj)ointed Regius Professor of Di\inity, rector of Shenfield in Essex, and of Barley in Hertfordshire, and archdeacon of Essex. He communicated a curiovis correction of Plutarch's description of the instrument ued to renew the Vestal lire (vit. Num.) a-uvEDov7o? EK =v Kivl^o)/, as relating to the triangle with which the instrument was formed, and not to the instrument, as mis- taken by Lipsius de Vestalibus (c. 8.) and Catrouj so that the triangle which hollowed the instrument will be isosceles, whose two equal legs con^elged from a circumference to a ccnti'e, i. e. a quadrant with the curve side h, g, cctto Ts-XsupK? of this mixt triangle ; for Plutarch does not say it was a plain one. It was no- thing but a concave speculum, whose princi- pal focus wliich collected the rays is not in the centre of the conca^ ity, but at the distance of half a diameter from its surface : but some of the antients thought otherwise, as appears from Prop. 31 of Euclid's Catoptrics 3 and though this piece has been thought spurious, and this eiror a pi'oof theieof, the Sophist and Plu- tarch luight each knovv as little of mathem.aticks. He pub- lished " Two Sermons preached at Camb'itlge ]7'47," 8VO3 " A System of Natural Piiilosophy, Cambridge, 1748," 2 vols. 4to ; ''A letter to Dr. Middleton in Defence of Bishop Sirerlock on Prophecy, 1750," Svo (see p. 1!)S) ; " A Discourse on Miracles, 1751," 8VO3 " Institutes of Nauiial Law, 1754," 2 vols. Svo ; " A Charge to the Clergy of Essex," 1753^ 41(), repiiiited, with three others, in \7Gl^, Svo ; " Two Letters to Dr. Ken- nicott, 1761 and 1702 ;' " A Vindication of tlie Right of Protestant Clmrches to require the Clergy to suljscribeto an established Confes.-ion of Faith and Doctrines, in a Chai'ge deli- vered at a Visitation, July 17 (JO. Cambr. i7G6'," Svo 5 a second the same year ; "A Letter to Archdeacon Blackburn, 17 GJ" Svo, on the same subject. He died Oct. 5, 177L ^gcd 59, having mariied a sister of the late Sir Thomas Antb.oiiv Abdv, bart. uf Albins in Essex 3 by ^vhom he had two sous, Thomas, who died h 1747.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1^; inforced in the Writings of the late Dr. Samuel Clarke ; with a Preface by Mr. Warburton ;" 8vo. (lied an infant, and Thomas-Abdy, now in orders, rector in his own light of Thcydon Gernon, in the same county, who suc- ceeded to the estate and title of his maternal uncle, and mar- ried Jan. 13, 1778, a daughter of James Hayes, esq. of Helliport, and benciier of the Middle Temple, by whom he has i.-suc. The following muial epitaph is erected in his chiuxh at Barley : " Sacred to tlie memory of the Revd Tho? Rutheviorth, S.T. P. formerly fellow of, and one of the pviblic tutors in St John's college, Cambridge ; and at the time of his tleath King's Professor of Divinity in that imiversity; archdeacon of Essex, rector of Shenfield in the same county, and also of this parish. He married C harlotte Elizabeth, one of the daughters of Sir William Abdy, baronet, of Cobham, in the county of Surrey, by whom he left one -on, Thomas-Abdy Rutherforth. He was born on the 13th of October, 1712, and died on the 5th of that month, 1771, in the 59th year of his age. He was eminent no less for his piety and integrity than his extensive learning; and filled every public station in which he was placed with genei'al approbation. In private life, his beha\ iour was truly amiable. He was esteemed, belo\ed, and honoured by his family and fiiends ; and his death was sincerely lamented by all who had ever heard of his well-deser^ed chavaeter,' ' Underneath, on a marble slab, is tlu- follcjwing inscription : " Hie . ( livihtum . E\]);'ct . Breves . Paivntum . Helicia; . Thomas . Rutherfortli . Qui . Natus . Tert . Id . Mai . ?n)cc i.iii. Dies . Lxxiv . Vixit . Thomas . Rutlicvforth . In . Acad . Cantab. S . T . P . Rc-ius . Oul . Ainuiiii . agcns . i.x. JMorluu- 5>t iii . Non . Ocl. MDCCI.XM." (Jf Dr. Rutherforlh's " Essny on llic Nature and Ohli-'atic^n^ wf Virtue" tli(> following chanifler was giviMi 1)\ a coinpctcul judge: "The lOlh or la-1 iiioi.lli 1 li;id the ii'i.i.'iir to fad Id tile compaiiN, at a iiii'clii.'r of our "society, au al)>li-:i( I I \\\\\\ mucli plfasunMJrrw u|i. oi' a (luai lo hooL, iilituled, ' \ii V.vs on the Nature and Oblia.aio/;i of Viitue ; v lieu I cLUii..! \\\ that lf)8 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l747. " Answer to Dr. Rutherforth's Determinatio Qu'cPstioiiis Tlieologicjp, by Joseph Edwards % M. A. Vice-principal of Mas^dalen Hall, Oxford," 8 vo. Two editions of " A Supplement to Mr. War- burton s edition of Shakespeare f,'" 8vo. that useful, ingenious, and learned piece, as a present from the author, one of our worthy ine;n1>e)s, the Kev. Mr. Thomas Kulherford, B.D. fellow of St. Jolni's college, Cambridge, and R. S. wherein the noble author of the Characteristjcks, and all other authors antient and modern, are, as to theii' notions and dogmata, duly, candidly, and in a gentleman-like manner, con- sidered, and fuliy, to my satisfaction, as best answered as be- comes a ('hiislian divine. If you have not yet read that amiable work, I must (notv',itli6tanding as we have been tf)ld some, whom he answers in his xith awd last chapto's, do not so much approve it) not forbear recommending it to yoiu^ perusal ; and tiiis I can with the better grace, as my brother secretary. Dr. Green, an old accpiaintance and contemporary of the Author's, and the Rev. JMr. Neve, late our treasurer^ since foimder and secretary of the Gentlemen's Society at Peterborough, ha\e, with some other of our members, given it the same recommen- dations. Upon their perusals." Mr. Maurice Johnson to Mr. Birch, The following remarks are from the pen of an acute Cj-itic : " If Ruthciforth's book against Middleton be in mere gratitude to the Bishop of London, I siacerely honour him foi' it. If there be any thing of gratitude, though it be with other inipui'e mix- ture, I cannot but give him some share of my esteem, teut, if it be only a soi'did view of interest, an itch for coiiirovei'sy, or the vanity of shining, whicli sets him upon scribbli)ig, he is to be laughed at; and, if he attempts to hide those moti^e3 by the pretence of gratitude, he is then truly contemplible. I will only venttu'c to say this, if he knows no more of Theology than he does of ?,Iorals, he is the meanest pedant of tlie age. ^llie aftectation of being singular has made him a bad Moralist. "Will the af^ectati!)n of being orthodox, make him a good Di\ine ? Of the two, i think Stehbing the more tolerable, who labo\u's to support otlier people's nonsen:-e rather' than his own. And I ra.n pardoji the joke in his preface, tliat he pretends to no iwir discoverie.<<, for tlie sake of his bciiig in serious sadjicss as good as his woid." Bp. ll'arhurton s Letters to Bp. Hard, p, 49. * .Toscph Edwards, of Mat;Tlalen hall, M. A. 1731 : jmbhshed f. nn- single .Sermons : 1 . "' Of jnibhc Pi'ayer," 1731.-2. Fiom 1 Cor. xi. Id, 1736. 3. " Of Forgiveness of Enemies," 1743. 4. " C'hri'-t God-Man ; before the Uni\ersity of Oxford, 174;." f- By 'i'homas Eduards, esq. re-printed in 1748 under the title of " Canims of Criticism."' Mr. Ed'.vards ]iosses^ed a small p:iternal estate at Pitzhanger in Middlesex; ^^here he resided till his purchase of Trirrick in Bucks; and was the lilst of his fiimilv, as a^iiears bv his iifth sonnet in Dodsley's Collection (.if FoemSj vol. 11, p. 320, where iie pathetically lauients tix loss of foLir 1748.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTUHY. IQf) 1748. Bp. Tanner's " Bibliotheca Britannico-Iiibernica," folio. i'oxiY brothers and as many si.-ters. His education. Avas at a pil- ( ate r^ehool ; nor was he ever a member of either of the Univei-si- ties. lie studied tlie law at Lincohi's Inn, and w>us called to the bar (his father and grandfather were of tliat ])r()fe;ision). He spent the latter part of liis hfe at Tuirick ; died on a \isit to his friend Mr. Ricliardson at Parson's Green, unnrin-ied ; and a\ as buried in the church-yard of Ellesborouoh in Buckinghamshire, with the follo^vin^ inscription : " I'nder this stone are deposited tlie remains of Tliomas Edwards, esq. of Turriek in this pari.^h : v.iiere lie spent the last seventeen years of a studious, useful life. He was sincere anil constant in the jH'ofession ar.d })ractice of Ciii-istianity, w ithout narrowness or superstition ; steadily attached to the cause of liberty, nor less an enemy to licentiousness and taction ; in hts j)oetry simple, elegant, jrathetic ; in his criticism exact, acute, temperate ; afTectionate to his relations, (?ordial to his fiicnds, in the general commerce of life obliging and entertaining. He bore a tedious and painful distemper Avith a ])atience which could only arise from a Iraljit of virtue and piety j and quitted this life with the decent imconcern of one ^vliose hoj)cs aie Hrmly fixed on a };ettcr. He died on the third day of January, mdc clvii, aged i.vin j and tliis aione is in.-cribed to hi- meuion. , with the truest coriCeni and gratitude, by hii two n(j)]ie^'vS ;;n;l iicirs, Jijseph Paict; au'i Xaihanii 1 Mason." ?,!> F.;'.'.;ni{-> v,;^.~ ('(iu;ul\' di^'Jngin-.iicd for his giMiius and the goodiK -^ of !ii- licurt. His " (anon- of ( 1 itici-r.i" did Itim grr.it credit, Iioth as a crili.t and ;i^ a sclm'ar; ;:iid diTw on him the vengeance of I)i\ \V'ari)urion, who t'jok oc-- i-icii, in iMu~- trating tiic nan.u'.-, of Jilackmojc v.)i'\ .Miliiournc in n note on iln- " E~sa\" on {'|-iti>':,-m," \:'r. \''<.j, to olj-(i'\(', ''l'!i' ^c i;:f!i -.i''!' o!' nil times, and ri->e uj) on ail o( a-ioi.-. sii- W ill; r i':.i: iv.h liad AieKandei- liu-. ; ( 'lillinirv', oi; h l\ad (i:e_\)icl: 3,li;t.,.n :i iii-i Eduar(k ; and Liykc a second : iMillicf (A' i'.<.<'ir. ici'lrd l<> tliC llwrd l'2(I\\rn(U of .LiiicohiV-imi. 'i luy \v' re !)i.ii;'-- ol' ji:nt- ;in I |i';irning : !ii:- a Critic' witiiow; (),, (j|- li:- oMr i'. ^ ci ci-- "Mr. Pop-' -ays of Euke .Miibo'ai'ii 1 the i'.'iii-; (A':u\ < ri'i'-: l'"i . li.'.\ ini-; wiiiw-n ivgah;-! i!ic l^fliloi'- l^in.irl.- on ^iKiiN-;- aiT. l.c did him jn-lic^- in j)|-in':ii"\ ai ih." :::<<. tii'i". ".mi.' o! ai-. ow n "All i:nji;u-tial ( ritic-,' lio\'. r-. cr, .t l)]-. W .n i. -a w.ll i'.l)-ir\<-, ailoW tll.'-f I'CMUII '.^^ io ll-i\.' l)":'li (' ri-i\(: lUiii .H.Ul'K i! ; ::.:.{ hi- CiiUoiia Oi C'ri'i=i iii ; i'.m-.:;i Hm i'-.UU :uid vniau .'. > i' :! ." 200 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I748. Mr. Bowyer endeavoured to relieve himself from the fatigues of business, by an occasional retire- Again, in the Notes on the Dunciad, book IV. ver. 565, where Mr. Pope has a fling at those " Who study Shakspeare at the Inns of Court," the learned Commentator adds, " III would the Scholiast dis- charge his thity, who should neglect to honour those whom Dulne^s has distinguished 5 or suffer them to lie forgotten, when their rare modestv would haA e left them nameless. Let us not, therefore, overlook the services which have been done her cause, by one Mr. Thomas Edwards, a gentleman, as he is pleased to call himself, of Lincoln's-inn ; but, in reality, a gentleman only of the Dunciad ; or, to speak him better, in the plain language of our honest ancestors to svich mushrooms, a gentleman of the last edition : w ho, nobly eluding the solicitude of his careful father, very early retained himself in the cause of Dulness against Shakspeare ; and, with the wit and learning of his ancestor Tom Thiniblc in tlie Rehearsal, and with the air of good-nature and politeness of Caliban in the Tempest, hath now happily finished the Dunce's Progress, in personal abuse. For a libeller is no- thing but a Grub-street critic nin to seed." Here again Dr. ^\'arton observes, " This attack on Mr. Ed\vards is not of weight sufficient to weaken the etlects of his excellent Canons of Criticism." But Mi". Bannister subjoins, " Dr. Johnson knew best how to appreciate the Canons of Criticism. After bestow- ing on it the applause it deserved, as an etTusion of wit, on some person's observing that the author had shewn himself to be a better critic than Warburton, ' That,' replied tlie Doctor, ' is going rather too far: a fly may sting and tease a hor-e; but vet the horse is the nobler animal." See Bowles's edition of Pope, vol. 1. p. 254 ; vol. V. p. 322. Mr. Edwards was more susceptible of the attack than the cii'cumstance requireci, deeming his rank in life imjjeached by the words " u gentlentan, as he is pleased to call himself, of Lincoln's-inn, but, in lealitv, a gentleman only of the Duncij.d," SiC. The gentleman whose assist- ance Mr. Edwards acknowledges in tlie jneface, was Mr. Ro- derick, fellow of iviagdtden college in Cambridge, and of the Ro\al and Antiquarian Societies. He d'lvd July 20, 175G, not long before his friend, bc of Criticism." '^Ihirtcen of his Sonnets are piinted in Do:!flcy"b Co'lection, eight in Pearch's, ar.d four in Nichols's " Select Collection," 17B(). Forty-nine appear in tke la-. e(^itH)ii of his " Canons of Critici?-m, 17G5." lie was also ai.ihor of a 1 retty jeu d'esprit, called " The Trial of the Lc'lcr T, (''i(fs \, V hich is printed v-ith his "Cai'sons of Criti- cism;" arid (if a j-amjilJet called '* Fiee and candid 'i'h oughts on the Doctrine of Predestint.ti()n." Ti>is little piece appeared very impropeily after his death, having never been intended for pub- licatioii 1748;] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 201 ment to Knightsbridge, where he appears to have promised himself the satisfaction of prevaihno- on Mr. Markland to accompany him *. The principal books printed by him this year were, " The History and Antiquities of Colchester, in three Books, collected chiefly from MSS. with an Appendix of Records and original Papers," folio, by the Rev. Philip Morant-j- ; reprinted with im- provements in his " History of Essex, 176'8." lication by Mr. Edwards. A beautiful OdeAvas addressed to him by Miss Mulso, afterwards Mrs. Chapone ; to whicli lie replied in as eleg-ant a Sonnet. Dr. Akenside also addi'essed an Ode to hiin. * " I approve of your Knightsbridge scheme lery mucli, not \ipon my own account (though peiiiaps your kind)ie?s to nie looics upon that as an article in the purchase), but as a good bara"ain. If you were about to leave ofl" business, I think there would be some iliiitrence in the case, for then I iniag'ine you would get a little farther from London. For my own part, I must get somewhere near the ^ea side, for the sake of bathing and I'iding, which is commonly good upon the coast ; for of all places in the world, London is the worst for an infirm person, who has nothing to do in the business of it, and very little ia the pleasures." Mr. MarkUind to Mr. BoKyer, Oct. 22, 1748. t Philip Morant, ISl. A. and F. S.A. a learned and indefati- gable Antiquary and Biographer, son of Stephen Morant, was born at St. Saviours, in the Isle of Jersey, Oct.d, 1700 3 and, after finishing his educatitm, at Abingdon school, Dec. 16, I717, was entered at Pembroke college, Oxford, where hv took the degree of 11. A. .June 10, 17'2l, and continued till Midsmnmer 17-2 ; when he was preferred to the office of )j!eaeher of the English cruu'ch at Anistenlau), but never w(-at to Xnke. ])o.-ses- sion. He took the degree of M. A. in 17'il. In llie I'leftce to Raj;in"s Histoiy of England by Tindal, 17'2'^, "-M!-. Piiilip iMoi'ant, minister of the Eii.glish church at Amsterdam," is mentioned tis an a^^sistant in the work. He was jDc-cnted to the rectory of Shallow Jiowelis, April 2(>, I'.-ii ; << tlie \icar- age of iJromlield, ,bui. 17, \7'''-^-ii <<> '1"^' recton of Cbickiial Smdey, Sejjt. I'J, \7.>o ; lo tliat of St. M.irv in Co'di. -,((!, -Maicli 9, I7;i7; to tliat of \M(kliani-l>i-h()])'>, Jan.'Jl. \7 Vi-:i ; and to that of .Aldliaai, Sept. 14, 1/15. All dic-c ijct'ciiccs are in )lie coimtv of K~-i x. in 17!^> li'' i;u()liii. d lii> " Hi-'ciy of C:()]ehester," of wiiich nidy 'ifV) Cf;;;ie.-- uci-' piin(( .!. ai lb.' ioiiif exjiciirr r)f him-- a' and v;r. I' ).\;.cf, \\ !:') fiM-, -|;i,.|jtly inui.^tid hi)ii-( If\ei-v niueli in the einhc'.ii-biiifiM n\ the bcok, ;t- w.ll as in cai'nc-iilv i-ecjinuiciKliiig i' to -ub-criiK i>. " I b " , . i;[y!i.'(| to .Mr. t'jro'.,i!e vV lib-," Vli-. !'.n" vrr a\-, in a 1 .iv lo Mr. Moi.uit, P'.l-iN ;;, 17-IH, "for \r:i\r to d. (!i< ate :> v|a,,. to 'li 11. iiv .siivs, he liiv- ju-J. nrarnt.d iu-^ diilUxu^ an:;, in iiciiii.; ib'- laji 202 LITERARY ANKCDOTES OF [l748, A Second Edition of '^ Fitzosborne's Letters," 8vo. yrart of a father, he has redured himself so low that he knows not how to be a patron. \Miat thhik you of Dr. Mead ? Mr. Vertue is better; aivi will exr)edite your plate?, he .says, with care. I ra'rorian and t^vo consular proxinces were allottt-d to the people's share, i. e. to the empire ; the rest the Emperor kept tinder his own government. The governors of tlie people's pro- vinces were called generally Provhicials ; tliose of the Emperor never so; but either Icgati cnnsulnrca, oi' proprcetores, or legati pra'torii, or Icgdti hnperatoris pro prcetore, whether they had gone through the office of pi'ajtor or con.sul, or not. vSec Salmasii Hist. Aug. Script, vol. L p. ^OO. 3/4. vol. II. p. 34G, &c. But the Antiquaries will not regard this branch of learning, be- cause it looks too classical ; they are more critical about things that are more Gothic, or more Monastical." The er.gra-sings were by Vertue and Mynde. Th.e Ichnogra})hy, inscribed to Mr. Yorke, cost five guineas; the plate given by Mr. Polkcs three guineas ; and f)ne was gi\en by the Society of Antiquaries. In 17ol ^'i'- Morant was elected a nieniiKn" oT tiiat n^spectal^le Body; on which occasion, Mr. Bowyer telis him, "I dont know much of the steps which tlie Society of .\ntiqaaries \va\v lately tak(>n. If you are chosen, you woidd Xvaw V^x-w calle;! on for the money, a guinea Dt entrdiice, and a thiliing a month aftcr^vavds. But they ha\e lately been mucii engai;-<'d in plan- ning schemes for a clunter, Avhich may co.t a good deal of monev, and I doubt whether it will be of gi'eat benefit. I iuiagiiie some ))ersons want some new jilaces to be made, and salaries annexed to them. In all .societies, the Rd\autages of tlie publick are most talked oi" wluai there are the greavtst pri\ate \ii\vs. As to Es.sex, I think, to sj)eak sincerely, you had better brgin again with it. If }ou undertake it, 1 doubt tlie siitccss of it. Tindal began it in -l!o, and was fcjrccd to drop it. You (lO n\c much honour in ascribing ' Pompev the "Little' 1/48.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. SOJ A new edition of Mr. Edward'/s ' Supplement to Shakespeare: under the new title of " Ciaions of Criticism," Svo. Little' to nie. I ara obliged to yor. ; and shall be alad nevvY to be suspected of a worse thing:." [i his was written bv the ii!a,'c- iiious -Mr. Coventiy, minister of the donative of Eii^ware, Alid- fUescx, and aut^i()! of Penshnrst, &:c. in Dodslevs Collec- tion. He (iicd, of the small-pox, about the year 17.^9.] From 1751 till his .'le;tth Mr. IMoraiit continued a regular c.jnespon- dence with Mr. Bowyer. " My intention for some months j)abt was, to ha\e i)een in London either this week or t!;e next : but an afflicting loss that has happened in my family the beginning of this yeiir hindeis me from coming at present. Wiihin liu- com])ass of three days I was so unliappv as to lose mv onl-. bro- ther and sister-in-law; the former on the ith, and the Luicr on the 1 1 th of Januaiy. My good brother indeed died at a di?i- ance, and I could but seldom h.-ive the plea.'^uvfi of .'^eeiiiii,' him ; but my sister-in-law li\ed with us, and had beoi a eoHMaiit ;md ijiseparable companion to mv good Vvife for aljove oO uar,-, ;i!id was withal a person of the most amiable (jUaiitie-i, and the mo. t faithful friend, so tWat her loss is iyn^jjaniiilc It has so aileeted )nv good \\ii're.sent : but I hope time, and the ch.eerfui weather that is cojniut;', will reeruir her spii'its. [n tlu^ mean time, 1 should be obliged to you, if you would be so kind as to di>po-e of the copv uf my Hi>toiy of ('olchester, and the |)laU'S ; you have your>elf the best richt to it, if vou will be ])lea,-ed to allow me something for it tliat i reasonable: and 1 include therewith .such correction'^ and addi- tions as I ha\e made to the work since ])ub'.ica(ion. if it s'lould no wa\ suit you, Dr. R. Rawlin-on is a afeat colii'cto)', a,id will Mvv proi?;iblv like it bc.ond ai.\ h'):'\ e!>e. Or. if voii know ;i)i\ olh'!' )!-M-()n vvhf)ni itnould sun, le ))!e;>-ed to do fir )ne ;!- \(ni wonkl .'(.nn a.- ihe incon\eniences above n-.entioncd are a little worn oui bv tin!':-; and jsossiliK we nr.iv Cwna- together, niv good vvi'V ami 1 ; for iiKtlion, and clia.iL'C of pl.uc, a\( hoiiu- cure to nie! uieiinK ; tlio'.igh il is ful! a-- bad when yni reian. t( ynur vur.iUil hubiLi- tion, and mi-s v .'liv friend.'' .1//-, Mdiinil to Mr. ll lU-ijir, M.f/i 1, 17."'/.i. " I pri'po-ed t(( Dr. ]iawli)i-on voiu o;]) i- <.n '! Inii -duy last, and '-hall s I ;ipiiie!,''nd, a l';u!' eop_> corrceli. d In vour <)V a hand. v\ il li a lib-'i'tv of r<'|)riniii!g it if he will: but of ihi- lii .iv i- no pio- biibililv, -iiue we Ir.'.ve s'\er;d stii! iiniauiii'X- ^^ '' will -ay then, a ci)])v ((>!T'.\"!'(|. ;iiid ihe -ev; I'ld pi:t(( . \ on -''11 I'or 1 am -"i-i-\ foi' t!ie iiiehtiir !;i)!\ -il ti:iti')ii of \ our I'uiiiiv -. bin ub- /;<" 4to. N.Tindal translated the text printed therewith. 3. " The Ciiielties and Persecutions of the Roinish Church displayed, &c. Lond. printed for J. Knapton, 1728," 8vo. [translated mto Welsh by Thomas ] the great Author of my life and n'lppiness, who Iiath cn;JjlLd i.;c to go throu'^h this and oliier kih;;v;;/;s employment-, i c:xn 'n::)k back vvilh inexpressible satisfaeti(v.i upon a life nr.t spent in id'c- ness or indolence, or in fruitless anursemfUi^ ; l;i;i in a c rji^-'aul endeavour to do all the good in my pov.er. 1 laiiSL !>> g ie;/,,- t<# adf], that if the \vorld is be licllteri l.y my lai,ou!-, tb,;; i;i;' yfcd '..ic RjUs of Parliamcni for the Pre s." ' j)rej;ared ii.-.ni ;l- i/f :.- 10" Hen. IV.] Other v,or\- "MS. 1. " An Aur-vvcr :<) u:c t;i-i Part f)f the Discourse of .rounds and lu'.>-on~ (/." iitc {.]\i-<~- tian P.eligion, in a J>! tt. ' .* Tiiend, I iZi ; pre-' ::U(i in ,''i]'> '.o Edmund Gib-oj., Bislioj) .>i London /' ni ver printed. .\. {>. i'ii'- was the bcijinning of M:-. ?d(1ranrs ;ie iUHiniicif' wiilj i!;- Bishop, wiio gave aim .sevejal lisiiu',-. iii tii'' fnimy jf lv,-\. 2. " The Life' of King Edward the (.onh-^^or." ,i. .\li .lat l.^O Sermons. * In riiis voknne is "A Di-cou;-" eon;' jMir,-- ;!:<,. l\vi Si!;i- fhidfs, oiv' tl!c .Author, th" otlic- the (iixek 'i'j ui-iator, of the Book of i;ee..'-'ast!f;'is." t This '.diLirs thnr'^h c'^^^.iu.rly ;,!, ii,;(l 1o Mi-. W./ut. who-e ninu- ajrx'.ui'd in tlic ii'!( ];;'g. , uu] wlio ii.id tuiv^ii-i,) subscriptions, was the pro.I'ie/n-'.' !'' Hcni.nni:! iMi-. ("-(j. 'i h, pul)l:tk had, for .-omc tiuif, l.f ; ii in \|:;'f l ition in -i ! in.r .m account of the Vova^c, coi,j-K)"d niidi;r iii . l/);.K'!iij)'-> cwn in- spection: for which i)Uipo-e Air, \'. .ibcr we-. cmplKW'd, ,i- i- .\ ing been chaplain to the Cciitui-'o;. d.uiiiig ti;- giv:' . p iri >.; 205 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l74^* Chaplain of his Majesty's Ship the Centurion in tliat ExpeditioHj" 4to. the expedition. W;ilter had iiocoidlngly almost finislied his task, la\ing' brouii'iit it down to his onn (k"})aitiuc from Macao for Jb-rjgland; when hv ])roj)oacd to print hi.s work by subscri])lion. it Mas thought j)roper, hcnvcver, that an abk> judge shouki iirst review and correct itj and Robins was a|)pointcd ; when, upon examination, it was resfhed that the whole should be written cntirel) by Robins j and tbat what Waller had done, being- almost all taken verbatim from tiie joiu'nals, should serve as uuiterials oidy. Hence the introduction entire, and many dissertations in the body of the book, were composed by Robins, without receiv- ing the least hint from Walter's manuscript ; and what he had thence transci'lbed regarded chieHy the wind and tlie weather, the currents, eo'urses, bearings, distances, offings, soundings, moorings, the ([ualities of the ground they anchored on, and such particulars as geno'alty fill u}) a sailor s account. No production of this kind ever met with a more fiivourable reception, four large impressions being sold off Vi ithin a twel\ emonth : it has been trans- lated into most of the European languages ; and it still supports its reputation, having been re};eatedly reprintetl in various sizes. TheFrencii aiTect to call this clief dceuvre in its way a Romance ; and we must certainly give the writer credit for some of the things, to the honour of his llero, which lie would have us belie\e ; as he would almost persuade us that the abilities of the Commander were such, that we might fancy he planned the taking the Acapulco ship before he left England. Jiouever, the account, from it.-, grand di\isions, &c.is a master-piece of compo.sition, and certaiidy has not been equalled (except by Dr. Robertson's Histories) in these enchanting particulars. A list of the oiiginal writers on the sub- ject of this Voyage ma) be .seen in Gent. Mag. 17S0, vol. L. p. 322. The fil'ih edition of the "Voyage," in 1/49, was revised by Mr. i^obins himself, who designed, if he had remained in Jingland, to have written a second j);at of It; as a])])ears by a letter Irom Lord Anson to him, dated "'iSath, October 2^, 1749. Dear Sir, When I last saw }oii In town, 1 forgot to ask you, whether you in- tended to ].mbii:^h the stx^ond volume of my 'Voyage' before \ou leave tis : vdiieii, 1 confess, I am very .sorry for. If you should haNc laid a-ide all thoughts of favouring the world .vitli more of vour Nvorks, it will be much disappointed, and no one in it more thasi your very much obliged hum- ble scivarit, AN--OX.' llnving been appointed Engineer Ge- nera! to the lCa,->t ln, 1/51, at the early asre of 44. By his last will, he left the ]>ublishi)ig of his mathemati- cal works to hi; honoured and intiniate frien.d .Martin Folkes, e.^^q. president of the Royal Society, and to Jauie-, Wilson, 3:1. I>. doc- tor of phy-ic ; but, the former of these gentlemen being incap:i- citaled ijy a paralytic disorder for some time befoiv his death, titey were afterwards published by tlie latter, in <2 \(;is, 8vo, 17Gi. i\Jr. Walter, in March 1745, was a])!)ointed ch-qdain of Ports- mouth dock-yard 3 which oihce (worth about ;];K)/. a year) he held till his death, March 10, ITft^. * J)r. Cobderi was early in life cha})lain to R}).Gii)-o;!, to^x'iO'-e patronage he was indebted for the following prefermentr, ; \iz. ilu- united rectories of St. Austin and St. Faith in London IT.IO, witli that of Acton in Mi(idlese\ ; a prebend in St. Paul's -, (jf Crj)iri.j,'aam , in the cathedral of iJncoln, 1721 , arid of Euckdea 17 If, (resigned J7'27) ; and the arciideaccjnry of London, in v.liicb !;i.-l iie .suc- ceeded ])r. Robcit Tyrwint in Juiv 17 i-- ili-! ca: ii( -; jiuuli- cation wa,r, "A Letter from a Minister to Ids Pufi.-idoiv. r, up.-.a his biukiing a Mseiing-house, ' b\o. " A shoit ( h.iructer of Mrs. Jessop, widow of tiie late Rev. Mr. Jc-.-iOii, of Tci-.i-!'ord, in fkdfordsliirc^, and .\{(*tlier of .Mrs. ( olj.lcn,"' is prime. 1 in his Works. lie publislied nine biuiik- Sc>rn'.ons : L " fiiL' .-^e^end Methods of Cioi's jud^inu- tic- World; an A >!/.; Sermoa, 17'i--. ' 2. "The Datv and Rev.ard of turnnig oiiicr to iUgiileou-nc.-- - pireac!ied before the Socielx for Hel'oi'uiatior. '.i" .\!;i.!ii'.i-- . If.i'J." '3. " 'i'he histructi(tn ai^'iidrd bv tli.- (.liurcii <.:' 1 i.;,'.eiii ; prcach'--d at '^Ir. Hiitt i)iii-,'> Ltctdrc, 17.','.)." J. '-'i";!;' Me--^ -bi'.'-.-i of tlie Mcreihil, \) ir..' o. "Tiir <)lI^ ;i!',v (Vo;:lf r,,i;-' .;,!( ;(> V\ai'; a FiLst .Sermon, b i'civ llu' Loi.-' '.'.\or, !*!.'>."- --';. " hr Parable nfll'.e 'I\d<.Mit.- : preucucd In-Tore ! i^.; i^n> ; ii.r,'- , iiic .'.i'u- dlese\ Hospital, 174S.'' "/ " !'> r-ua,;-.;' i-i i. ! ;: ny. " i'i':^i,;(, ).. \x..\i\. i); pr'.acbfd before, liie Kin;;- ;i.l -!. .i.'i;i.- - , <. 1 1 , 1 , i'-. and [)ub]i.-hed in 174!). In .an a!v,i-,i ;i,i(:i; ') 1 1 !/,.. ;i i- Doctor observes, "that, it b;i\ii;-.; tvi'^-'i' ''('^'^i'U. : > .m^ I'l.;.!.'. ''euMires, lie tliou:.''lit pr((|M'r K, ij^ii/i-i, i^. ),. .!.! tl..ti iin';:w. i.j, the .-jentimfnt or cNpii-iwii \vl!' !<' i':,i. 1:1. \'i;i nv < : - uc. J function oi' a ]'r(.'act:er of 1 hr {.;,-;)!'!. 1 1 i>:':!i..- -.'iic - ai:. '.a'uui 'if a (:il^i^llln .\^^^illh!^ ." -- -. ' \ !),- -.ri^i.;- ;'j'.'<:.^, i'niiny, i:5.i. [I. The He'i-ii/i;-. 'jiu".;!^: .. >: ( .m.i, n . ' ..r .'.i.-.! n the Aiiidvcr-ai-y uC Mi:' ( !i.'.-;^ '.. I., i]:.i.-- \X\ HI <.r i.'- " Di.-^eour.'C- on \avi' n- ^'.\y.: <\- :-i:u ;>< .o-.<- ' \' 1 . iiui/i. |. d in one quui t:) xohun' , ! 1 '~ April 'I'i, i;4f;, ^\i!il :i -i";j' bv. Ml. ];ov,v(r ii! !: 'V 1 \ < '.iT, ..VWi'l < (! IL"V i' r I...;. :. n. ir.H''i , .\ - 1'; tb.!-' r, ' ' 1' 1' -A.'.: <\- 208 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l748. ^'^ Lusus Poetici, Editio tertia^ emendatior/' by Mr. Jortin^ 4to. " Bath, a Poem," 4to. The ibl lowing extract from a letter which Mr. Bowyer sent this year to a very near Relation demonstrates that gratitude to his Father's Bene- factors was always a leading feature of his mind : " You have heard all the circumstances of the late dreadful fire* which I can tell vou; and I shall be glad if you have prevented me in all the reflec- tions upon it which I can suggest to you. Your grandfather, you know, suffered a like calamity. We, therefore, from experience, ought more parti- cularly to have a fellow-feeling with the sufferers in this " Kon ignara mall, miseris succurrere disco. lege. In 1755 he published "An Essay tending to promote Re- ligion," Svo ; in the title-page to which he styles himself "lately Chaplain above t\\enty-t\vo years to his Majesty;" and in 1756" " A Pooni sacred to the Memory of Queen Anne, for her Bounty to the Clergy," 4to. The following letter from Dr. Cobden to his parishioners of St. Faiths, on the subject of a matter in dispute between them and the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, is extracted from Maleoiui's " Londinium Redivivum," vol.11, p. 103: " To the Gentlemen of the Committee of St. Faith's Parish, " MY GOOD NKIGHBOUKS, " I THiKK mjself much obliged to yovi for having such regard to my interest, as to refer the ati'airs containerl in your mi- nutes to my opinion; but, inde Which happened ill Cornhill, I\larch'Z5, 17'48. 1 on I74S.'] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 20CJ You are not capable of contributing to their relief; but, when you reflect upon the kind support he then met with (the ettects of which you now enjoy), what humihty should it excite in you, what zeal and resolution, to repay by a useful life the obliga- tions you lie under, and to become a helpful inem- ber to society, to w hich you are so much indebted ! Many are entitled to the favours of the woild irom the merit of their ancestors. ( 'n the contrary, the world has a right to demand good actions from us, for the very subsistence we owe to it, who are but the children of Providence and human bene- ficence. Ma^ 28, 1748." The following is a specimen of his more familiar letters ; and was addressed to Mr. Matthews, a re- spectable attorney, who was the agent of an estate of his in Yorkshire : " SIR, June 28, 1748, " Inclosed I send you the accounts signed by me. I hope we shall now go on regularly with- out any more repairs for many 3"ears. i am sensible they must have given you a good deal of trouble, as well as expence to me. How much the former is, I cannot judge ; but beg you would take out of the next rent such a consideration for yourself as you shall think reasonable. I have ventured on matrimony again : but without any view to children ; more with a desire to have a nurse than to make one. We have been married near a twelvemonth, and have a fair title to the Dun mow bacon. You will naturally want to know if 1 have married a fortune. Believe me, I am too much a philosopher for that : I have married a good woman, who had lived with me fourteen years, a reasonable time of probation, in whom I doubt not but 1 shall meet with every comfort. *' I am, sir, with hearty wishes of happiness to you and yours, " Your obliged friend; and humble servant, W. J30WYR." Vol. II. P I74y. 210 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l749- 1749. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed the first ecHtion of " Odes of Pindar, with several other Pieces in Prose and Verse, translated from the Greek. To which is prefixed a Dissertation on the Olympic Games. By Gilbert West, esq. LL. D. *" 4to. * Gilbeit West, esq. son of the reverend Dr. West, and of a sister of Sir Richard Temple, afterwards lord Cobham, was educated at Eton and at Oxford, with a view to the Church ; but obtaining fiom his uncle a connnission, either in a regiment of dragoons or dragoon guards, entered into the army ; where he , continued till his appointment into the office of Lord Townshend, eecretary of state, with whom he attended the King to Hano^ er. He was nominated ckik-extraordinary of the jnivy cduncil in May 17'29 ; soon after which he married, and settled at Wick- ham in Kent, where he devoted himself to learning, and to piety. Fen- his " Observation'? on the Resurrection," which ap- peared in 1747j he received from Oxford, by diploma, the de- gree of LL. D. IMarch 30, 1/48. He was very often visited by Lyttelton and Pitt 3 \\\\o, when they were weary of faction and debates, used at Wickham to find books and quiet, a decent table, and literaiy con\ersation. Mr. Upton's " Letter conccrn- ,ing a new edition of Spenser's Fairie Oueen, 1751," 4to, was in- scriijed to Mr. West. There is at Wic;kham a \s alk made by Pitt ; and, what is of far more importance, at iVickham Lyttel- ton received that conviction which produced his " Dissertati(m on St. Paul." " Lord Chatham, to the sublimer qualities of a great minister of state, joined in an extraordinary degree the rare and pleasing talent of dressing or ornamenting a country, which, though slightingly spoken of by Dr. Joh)von in his account of fclien'-tone, will probably be more esteemed for ages to come, than the Pindarics, &e. of inany (jf the writers he holds out to public notice. Lnluckily for many of this order, Mr. .Granger has justly observed, that their head prehxed sells now for as much as the whole work, or nither that the latter \\ uuld not sell at all but foi- the fornier. It was at one of tiie lodges on Kufield Chace that I\Ir. Pitt eaily in life disj)layed liis great taste this way. lite spot was only Hfty acres, given by Government. It stUl subsists, and is a.hnijx-.d, tiiough I\lr. Pitt sold it, and afterwards exercised liis genius at Hayes. Tlie slightest parti- culars of so great a j>erson;ige deserve to be reeoixled. When he saw the astonishing spot at liam in Derbyshire, belonging to Mr. Port, he said. The ground rolls and tumbles finely here." Dr. 'J'>'yfor'.'p) , was oflered to him, and 1749 .J THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 211 "Liberty, a Poem," by J. Brown*, M.A. folio. but tliat he required a more extensive power of supcrin- tendance than it was- thought proper to allow him. In time, howevei', his revenue was improved 5 he lived to ha%e one of tlie lucrative clerkships of the Privy CouncU in 1752 ; and Mr. Pitt at last had it in his power to make him trea- surer of Chelsea Hospital. He was now sufficiently rich ; but wealth came too late to be long enjoved ; nor could it se- cure him from the calamities of hfe : he lost his only son in 1755 ; and on the 26th. of March, 1756, a stroke of the palsy (to use the words of the incomparable \^''riter from whom I have borrowed the greater pail of this note) " brought to the gra^e one of the few Poets to whom the gra\e might be without iti terrors." * This elegant, ingenious, and unhappy author (who at the time of printing tins poeai, and long after, lived in habits of intimate friendship with Mr. Bowyer, from whose press such part of his writings as made their liist appearance in I^ndon Avere pi'oduced), was born at Rothbmy, in the county of \orth- umberland, Noveniber 5, 1715. The family fi'om which iie was lescended were the Browns of C'o!stown, near Haddington in .Scotland. His father, John Brown, was a native of Scotland ; and, at the time of his son's birth, was cumte to Dr. Thomlinson, rector of Rothbuiy. He afterwards was collated to the vicarage of Wigton in Cumberland. To this place he canied his son, who there received the first part of his education. Tlience he was remo^ed to the University of Cambridge, i7.>-, and en- tered of St. John's college, under the tuititni of Di. Tunstall. After taking the degree of bachelor of arts, in 17.'i5, v>il!i gieat reputation, he returned to Wigton, and was oidained Ijv Dr. Fleming, bishop orCarlir^le. His first preliennent was to a uiinor canonry and Icctiueship of that cathedral. In IJM betook the degree of iM. A. ; and some time after was jiro^ented to the living of Morland, m the courUy of Westmoreland, ile rc-ignfM ]\i:> preft.'rment in the cathedral of Carlisle ia ditvjiist: and reiriain(d in obscurity at that city several vears, till the li-ebellion oi l', .5. when he acted as a volunteer at the siege of the ca-i' le, unCi Lciuis cd with great intrepidity. Having applied hinv-df .0 jxiiiv, T.d composed "Ad Essavon Satire" (which hepubii-lu'fl), ocia^inncd by the death of Mr. Pope; tluit production mai!'.' hiui Li:C).', ." iii Mr. Wai burton ; who intro'.^' i.^ i.i i"i.-; and, among the rest, to Mr. CharJch''''()i'ke; uy '..l-.f-e ;; (.ui- lie- obtained of the Lord \iscount Kos^ton lUv i.'c:;);y c\i ral oth r (>< i ii-^ion^ he also experienced the friendship of Di. Uarbiuton ; uiio, in a letter to Mr. Hurd, Jan. 30, 17i;)-5(), s:i\-, " Mr. Brown has }ine parts: he has a genius fovpo<>tn, and ha-s ac(|uiicd a .irci- of versification very uncommon. Poiu Mr l'o;'e had .1 liido h(f(n(' 1 1 hi! 512 tITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l749. The Eighteenth Edition of his old friend Mr. Nelson's work on the " Feasts and Fasts of the Church pf England." his death planned out an epic poem, which he began to be \ cry intent upon. The subject was Bride. I gave this ])lan to Mr. Brown. He has wrote the first book, and in a surprising way, though an untinished essay. I told him this was to be the work of years, and mature age, if ever it was donej that, in the mean time, he should think of something in prose that might be useful to his character in his own profession. I recommended to him a thing I once thought of myself it had been recommended to me by Mr. Pope an examination of all Lord Shaftesbury says against Religion. Mr. Pope told me, that, to his knowledge, the Characteristics had done more harm to Revealed Religion in England than all the works of Infidelity put together. Mr. Brown now is busy upon this work." A few days after, Feb. 10, he adds, .... ''All you say of Mr. Brown's poetical scheme is exactly true: and, to speak in the classical language, it must be committed to the Gods. Time will shew whether they will mature it." Again, Dec. 23, 1750, " It is generous and right in you, to take notice in an advantageous manner of two such promising young men as Mr. Brown and Mr. Mason, who prevent us from despairing of the quick revival of the poetic genius. Mr. Brown is print- ing his Remarks on the Characteristics. It will be much better than you could conceive from the specimen you saw of it. Mr, Yorke and I advised him to gj^e it a different form. We said, that if we were to ansu er a gia\c, formal, methodical woik, we should choose to do it in, the loose way of dialogue and raillery : as, on the other hand, if we wrote against a rambling dlscuitise of wit and humour, the best way of exposing it would be by logi- cal argumentation. The truth is ("uUer riosj his talents do not seem so much to lie towards fine and easy raillery, as to a vivacitj', an elegance, and a correctness of observation in the reasoning way." June 30, 17^3, Dr. Warburton says, " Our iiiend, little Brown, seems to have been much pleased v\ ith the observation I communicated to him on poor Law's folly. * Mr. Kurds re- mark was like the man it came from ; like a man who sees b\ an early penetration that which tlie generality never find out till they have drudged on to the end of life. I assinc you, you can- not love and esteem him more than I do. I flunk him amongst the first rank of men on every accotnit.' Brown never said or writ any thing that gave me a better opinion of his sense." Oct. 14, 1754, Our honest little friend Brown is fertile in pro- jects. He has a scheme to erect a chaplain and chapel in the castle of Carlisle, and to be himself the man. Inter nos, I believe he might as well think of erecting a third archbishopriek. He wrote to me for Sir John Ligonier's interest with the Duke ; whose application there would be enough to blast the project, could he ever bring it to blossom. I was sorry I had a necessity to tell him this, because it was a thing not to be spoke of. And now J have i749.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 213 A very large impression of Lord Bolingbroke's " Three Letters ; on the Spirit of Patriotism ; on the Idea of a Patriot King; and on the State of have done so, I question whether he will credit it." Nov. 13 1754, " Pray niiike my best compliments to our good friend Master Doctor Brown (to address him in the old style, while I am uncertain of his new) , and greet him on his fresh honours : I thank him for his letter; \\ hich, as we shall see him so soon, I forbear to trouble him ith the further acknowledgment of. He knows he is ab\ays welcome to Prior-park." The Doctor s de- gree was obtained in 1755 ; and on this occasion Mr. Hurd thus addressed Mr. Bowyer : " i3rown, the antagonist of Lord Shaf- tesbury, is now in College, and has taken his Doctor's de- gree. He preached a Sermon here, which many people com- mended ; it was to prove that Tyranny wiis producti\ e of Superstition, and Superstition of Tyranny ; that Debauchery was the cause of Free-thinking, and Free-thinking of Debau- cherj'. His conclusion was, that tlie only way of keeping us from being a French province, was to preserve our consti- tutional liberties, and the purity of our manners." About this period he wrote the Tragedy of " Barbarossa;" on which Dr. VVarburton observes, Jan. 31, 1755-G, "Brown has told me the grand secret; and I wish it had been a secret still to me, when it was none to every body else. I am giieved that either these im- rewarding times, or his love ofpoetrij, or his love of money, should have made him overlook the duty of a Clergyman in these times, and the dignity of a Clergyman in all times, to make connexions with Players. Mr. Allen is grieved. You are sufficiently grieved, as I .'-aw by your postscript in a letter to him, where you reprove him for an advertisement. We told him, that we should both have dissuaded him from his project had he comumnicated it to us. As it was, we had only to lament the state of tliese times, that forced a learned and ingenious Clergyman into these mea- sures, to put him-elf at ease." In 1757, he ijiibliahed his cele- brated " E,-timate of the Mannei-s and Principles of the Times," a work which w;is nm down by popular clamour, but not. an- swered. In this woik, after having endeavouitd to (k'j)ieciale the literary spirit of tlie age. Dr. Bred at home, by those who are most (lislingui.she Walk under his huge legs ; and peep about To find ourselves dishonourable graves!" No wonder then if the malice of the Lilliputian tribe be bent against this dreaded Gulliver ; if they attack him with pois(>ned arrows, whom they cannot subdue by strength." Sept. 19, 1757, Dr. Warburton says, " Brown h here; I think rather perter than ordinary, but no wiser. You cannot imagine the tenderness they all have of his tender places : and with how unfeeling a hand I probe them. It seems he said something to them of another Estimate. My wife told him, he must take care of carrying the joke too far. To me he has mentioned nothing of it, nor have I given him an opportunity." Obtaining the vicarage of St. Ni- cholas, Newcastle, he resigned his li\ing in Essex to LordHard- wicke; between whom, as well a-% Dr. Warburton and him, there had seme time before been a coolness. June 17, 1760. " The Vicar of Newcastle has, at length, ceded his place to the Estimator: who, I suppose, will now gratify his resentment against his former patrons, for their turning their back upon him." Oct. 9. " Brown is just got here. His visits are always surprises. He is going shortly to London, for institution to Newcastle. Your candour was mis- placed. By his own confession, his purpose in the pro])osal to B. D. [the Bishop of Durham] was to keep Horksley. Nor does he seem sensible of any inconsistency between his i)retensions and his conduct: so hajipily is he framed to satisfy himself." March 18, 1761. " I am sorry for Dr. Brown. It is Aery pain- ful, as I have heard Mr. Allen say with his usual tenderness and humanity, to hear these things of one whom one has known and esteemed. But whatever inclination his spite to tiie family, rather than the value of the thing itself, might give him to hold the living, he must needs think himself obliged by the good ad- vice of his friends. When he comes to cool a little, he cannot but perceive that both his ease and his honour required him to resign Horksley, after what had passed between him and his patron. But why is this deduction at Nev/castle ? It is impossible he should have disgusted the Corporation already." Dr. Brown received no higher preferment, which to a person of his sp'irit must have been a great mortification. In the latter part of life, he had an invitation from the Empress of Russia to superintend a grand design which she had formed, of e.sLtending the advantages of civilization over tiiat great Empire. He accepted the offer, and actually prepared for his journey ; but, finrling his health in too precarious a state to admit of his fuifiliing his intention, he was obliged to relinquish it. ^fliis and other disappointments were followcfl by a dejection of spirits, which he bad often been sub- ject to. In an interval of deprivation of reason, Sept. 53, 176"6. ht unfortunatelv destroyed \nms- D." 4to. A Second Volume of "Fitzosborne's Letters," 8vo; with a new edition of both volumes in one, 8vo. " The Songs in Jack the Giant ()ueller," a Comic Opera, by Henry Brooke '^. " What you predicted of poor Brown," says Bishop Wuiburton, " you hear, is come to pass." On which Bi.>hop Hard oljstr\es. " He was a man of honour and probity ; but his judgment, lying too much at the mercy of a suspicious lemjjer, betrayed hisn, on some occasions, into a conduct, which h)olved Hke unsteadiness, and even ingratitude towards his bfst friends. But, wliat(\er there was, or seemed to be, of tliis complexion in his life or writings, must be imputed to the latent constitutional disorder, which ended so fatally." Such of his writings as were piinted by Mr. Bowyer will be mentioned under their sevex'al years. * Of whom see under the year I'/^L t This was printed under the ins{)oction of Ciaetano Rwggc vi and Giuseppe Sarti, who superintended ihi.-^ bu-im-.-.-^ by dirtx tion of the Boai'd of Ordnance. I Of whom see vol. I. j). 4'2.5 ; to wliirli m'ly be added tliat, in n. letter dated 1733, Dr. Richard (irey mi'niiuns his neing far ad- vanced in " a Work upon the Downfall of IMonarchy and Kpi.-fo- pacy. Something of this kind," Jie add'^, "' would be of ^er\icc, to discourage thinking men, an',1 ;i)l who )ia\c nn\ irgmd for Religion, from jjlaying vhe sauit- game (jver arain." in 17 J(> lie was soUciting .Tub.-^criptions j'cr "a work whcie ihc i'\jn'.i(i- u:\- to be exlraorfliiiary, and the leaders coiiipar;tii\t Iv t)ut ti u ; yet he leceived mucli encouragi'niciU ii'om iii^ -iijin lor-. '! i:i' Master of St. John's [in Oxford] .-,u!)m-i ibfd i'li- .-i\i n to|;i(-. "A native of Ireiajid, when- in- pMvS"^M-d a jj.iiiTual i-wr.c, in the county of Cav an, ;uid wii> also baii'acl. :aa.-iir of MuIIiiigar, in the county of \V(-i!i)!';ah, ile gaiiicil gj'.it niuitation a.- a writer by ' The r'an.Mrs Lc-ti.r.-,' iMj!;'i-!,id ni lahind i). in.- time of the rebellio:!, aaul v. li.len afu : U.r iu;uuai- of ' ihi- . J)rapier's Letters." iii.- u'vat .'-I a}i|>lii'a;ioii, iio'.\c\ti. .-tuns to have bt.en to the diu!-.'-; . '.r. .u 17Jtj h'' hud iui ua'-cly 2l6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l750. 1750. In this year a prefatory dissertation, and some valuable notes *, were annexed by Mr. Bovvyer to of * Gustavus Vasa' rehearsed at Drury-lane. The actors were all ready in their parts, and no bar seemed in the way to its public appearance, when an order came from the lord chamber- lain to prohibit it. He met with the same ill success in Dublin with regard to his opera of 'Jack the Giant guelier,' brought on soon after the close of the rebellion, which after the first night's representation was forbidden by the Government to be continued. As to his first play, howcAer, the prohibition did him no kind of injury, as he was immediately encouraged to publish it by a sub- scription, which has been said to have amounted to 800^. In 1741, his * Betrayer of his Countiy' was brought on the stage in Dub- lin, and met with success; and about 17''>2, at the same theatre, his ' Earl of Essex.' This last play, howe\ er, being the property of Mr. Sheridan, manager of Smock-alley theatre, when that gentleman acted at Drury-lane theatre, in the winter of 1761, his emoluments being to arise fiom a certain proportion of the profits of the house on those nights in which he performed, he was allowed a right of reviving, or getting up, such plays as he imagined vAould turn out the most to his and the managei-'s joint advantages Among those which he fixed on as his choice, was Mr. Brooke's 'Earl of Essex;' which, being licensed by the Lord Chamberlain, was now brought out at Driny Lane, and met v.ith good success. Tlnough the whole of IVIr. Brooke's writings there breathes a strong s})irit of liberty, and patiiotic zeal, which, though the natural and inborn principles of every subject of thce realms, may have .subjected them 10 misrepre- sentation ; and, what is far from an uncommon case, rendered general sentiment susj^ected as particular reflection ; yet those who have the pleasure of kno\\ing this gentleman personally must be so well assured of the integrity ot his heart, and his film attachment to the ]>i-esent happy succession, as will entirely cie;u" him iioni tiie slightest .'-upposition of anv intent to excite coiTuption, or awaken discontent, by ar.y of his writings. His dramatic pieces in tht-nifcclves, indejiendep.t of these kinds of considerations, though riOt to be ranked in the first class, have rmdoubtedly a con'^iderabic share of merit. His plots are inge- niously laid and well c(mducted, i:is cliaractcTs not iU-drawn, and hi,- language bold and nervous ; though it must be acknow- ledi.':ecl in the last particidar the author at times seems to pay too little regard to the correctness of niOLSure, and to that po- lish wiiich tie language of trage.ly oii^ht to icceive from har- mony of niimbers." H'S drama ic pieces (of which there are fifteeii) are all ineludei' in the general collection of his Work.s, which werp printed in 1778, in 4 volumes, bvo. Mr. Biooke died at L>ubhn. Oct. 10, i;83. * Mr. M irkland, in a letter dated Oct. 21, 1749, says, "The .specimen of Ku:ter I like very well, aiud your Annotations. Iiertation was like- wise adoptfd by Mr. Holw< 11, in I'iGG, in hi-cuiious erlitiim of " Selecti Dionvsii Ilalicavnasnensi.^ de Pri>ci.>i Niiptoiibus 'I'rar- tatiis Gra:ec et Latine," with tiiis jjoliti- acknowledgement : " Hanc Disscrtationeni >u;e L. Ku-tdi de \ero L'>u N'erhoiuni Mediorum, &e. Cilit. 17r)(), ))r.eli\it (iuil. Ronsei', IVjiOgraphu-. Eandeiu, aictior (piidf in, nt lia'K' no-tr.i.:i Select. Dion, il 1. Tractat. cditioneni oriiaret, iiujiotra%i: ouo noinir.'', \ iro oj - time de republica lileraia;\ merilo, r^^iatias av^o ' Kdwartli 2lS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iToO- Edward I Leedes, in Schola Buriensi ad acuendos adolescentium animos, erga Poesetos studiiim (clim ipse Poeta non sit) cotis vice fiingentis." In 1750 he printed Mr. George Vertue^s "Cata- logue of King Charles the First's Pictures," 4to. "Officia ReHgionis ChristianaCj metric^ enume- rata a Ben. Culm *, S.T. B." 4to. "Epistola-f- ad Edw. Bentham, S.T. P. a Johanne Burton t, S.T.B, Coll. Eton. Soc." " Julian, or a Discourse concerning the Earth- quake and Fiery Eruption which defeated that Emperor's Attempt to rebuild the Temple at Jeru- salem ; in which the Reality of a Divine Interposi- tion is shewn ; the Objections to it are answered ; and the Nature of that Evidence which demands the Assent of every reasonable Man to a miraculous * Of St. John's College, Cambridge; B. A. 1719; M. A. and fellow 1723} B. D. 1731; and in 1745 (see Gent. Mag. 1779, vol. XLIX. p. 249) he succeeded old Broom as rector of Fresh- water, in the Isle of Wight ; where, on a flat stone in the nave of the church, his history is thus recorded : " Inira sepultee jacent exuviae Ben. Culm, S.T.B. Coll. Div. Joan. Evang. Cantab, quondam prsesidis ; hujus ecclesise per annos circiter viginti et trcs rectoris. Natus est in eivitate Cestri:e, A.D. 1696-J, et evectus ad ;. banc rectoriam cal. Octob. 1745, ubi inter amicos parochianos suos post plurimam annorum continuam connnorationem amicam aniniam efflavit secundo die mensis Januarii, A.D. 176"S." One of his predeces&ois is also thus recorded on a flat stone near the altar : " Hie jacet Joscphus Crefteild, S.T. P. hujus Eccle^ia'. ])er annos 28 rector, Radulphi Crelleild armlgeri de oppido Colcesiri;E in agro Essexien3i Alius natu sccundus. Obiit 18 die Augusti, A. D. 1723, ajtat. G5." f Annexed to bis " Ej)istola Critica ad Job. Gid. Thompson, Pialogi Platonis, qui Parnienides inscribitvu', editorem. Accedit Elogiam mernoviic sacruuj Johan. Rogers." + Of v.hoiTi see before, p. 57. Far.*- 1/50.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. SI5 Fact is considered and explained. By the Rev. Mr. Warburton^ Preacher to the Hon. Society of Lin- coln' s-inn," 8vo. The First Volume of " Remarks on Ecclesiastical History," by the Rev. John Jortin *, M. A." 8vo. A new edition of Mr. Cheselden's'|~ "Anatomy of the Human Body," 8vo. '^ An Account of the Doctrine, Manners, Liturgy, and Idiom of the Un'itas Fratrmn, &c, by the ReV. John Gambold ;*'." * See the "P^ssays and Illustrations" in voI.V. No. XVII. f Of this celebrated Anatomist sec some account in the " Es- says and Illustrations," vol.V. No. XVIll. T'ne lirst edition of his excellent work on Anatomy appeared so early as 1713, and wsis inscribed to Dr. Mead, to ^yhom Mr.C'heselden ailinowledaes him- self entirely indebted for the kind rece ])iion his in;!usti-y iiad met with, '''particularly in tliat seat of learning [Oxford] which with distinguished honours re\varded tho merit of Dr. .Mead ;"' and in the Preface acknowledges his obligations to Dr. Douglas, to " his honoured friend Mr. Gieen, surgeon to the Hosj^ital of Christ Church and that of St. Bartholomew 5" and to liis lat..- \yorthy master Mr. Fernc, .urgeon to Si. Thomas's hosjutal." To this volume Vv'a.s added, " Svllabus, sive Index Humani Corjiu; is pariium Anatomicus, in xxxv IVielectiones di~tinctus. i;i iisum Theatii Anatomici Willielmi Che.-.tklen Ciiir'irgi, S.il.S. J'^rUtio fiecunda." Mr. Highniore, tlie ceieb}'atef' jrainter, who liad attended the lectures of Mi". Cheseld> 11 i>> ii^i^'iovc hii::-; If in Anatomy, made aftei'wai'ds several diawings frt);n tli.; ica! .-u!>- jects at the time of dissection, two of v.iiich Vvci-c i:igra\cd for Mr. Chesclden's "Anatomy," and apjear, hut uillioai i;-- name, in Tables XII, and XI 11. " X This truly ]n'iiuitive Chvi.-tian, to uhose mnnojy I am htippy in haviuu' this ojuxjrtiinUv oc' gratefulh aci\no-,vle(!ging niv regard, wils born near Haverford West, in Soutii VVale,s, and became a member of ( hrist Church at Oxford, where he took the degree of M. A. May.'iO, \',M; luid wa^ af'erwards vicar of Stanton ]iarcourt, in Oxfordshire, wheic. inl7lO, hu 5 The fdllowin-- piirlicuiars \ww coiiiinunir;:!'-! l : " .Mr. GanibulU w;is :t' siiigal.-ir, (a ..i- Z'-.iliMi-, Imt inii^ m . in hiivi.ist. lie h:l not f|!iilL- fire < ii'ui-h in him to finn a -r,i,nir>- Etiited to Manioti Haroourt hy Hishop Se-'h<-i\ I Ihiuk m \~.'M, but raiiiiot b* cert;iin. Jlc hml been only cl apbiln '.!'( iir.si Ciiuj-.-ii, not a slud.-iit (! In- tern) triven to liie tVllows), of tliat royal i'ortiKl.i'i'.ii. \U- tle-eitcd lnh llu.k Ui ITii, witliout j;iv;ii,- any notice '.o hi- v,.,i;by d'oei sail .ind patron, to :iss(.,-kU'.' with thf ."NicraviVais. Wh'T. h" u.is yown;;, lie liad ii.arlv p.-nOied throiiu'b disn umi to liis prr^on. .M. tnis tune h-' was knidlv r. - lieved bv hs brother cull'.' i.'.'i :u ti:e saiu.- livpiuWi'Mt ; Dr. I'lee, a p. rsoii .'' !' I-Ujn m 1 vudon ; Lu. li..; tali; is uot wur.U ..imii^ " vr^>te 220 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1750- Two Editions of Mr. Edwards's " Canons of Cri- ticism/' 8vo. wrote "The Martyi-dom of Ignatius, a Tragedy," published after his death by the Rev. Benjamin La Trobe, with the Life of Ig- natius, drawn from authentic accounts, and from the Epistles written by him from Smyrna and Troas, on his way to Rome, 1773, 8vo. A Sermon, which he preached before the University of Oxford, was })ub!ished under the title of " Christianity, Tidings of Joy, 1741," Svo. In 1742 he published at Oxford, fi'om the University press, a neat edition of the Greek Testa- ment, but without his name, " Textu per omnia Milliano, cum divisione pericoparum et interpunctvu^^ A. Bengehi," 12mo. Joining afterwards tlie Church of the Brethren, established by an Act of Parliament of the year 1749, and known by the name of Unitas Fratrum, or, the United Brethren, he was, for many years, the reg-ular minister of the congregation settled at la)n- don, and resided in Neville's-court, Fetter-lane, where he preached at the Chapel of the Brethren. In the year 1754, he was consecrated a Bishop of the Brethren's Church. Soon after he had joined the Brethren, he pubhshed a treatise, which he had Aviitten whilst at Stanton Marcourt, and which proves hig steady attachment to the Chiu'ch of England, entirely consistent with his connexion with, and ministry in, the Church of the Brethren. The title of it is, " A short Summaiy of Christian Doctrine, in the Way of Question and Answer ; the Answers being all made in the sound and venerable Words of the Common- prayei-book of the Church of England. To which a)e added. Some P^xtracts out of the Homihes. Collected for the Service of a few Persons, Memljers of the Established Church 3 but ima- gined not to be unuseful to others." I know not the exact date of this treatise ; but a second edition of it was printed in 1767j 12mo. Mr. Gambold also published, in 1751, 8vo, "Maxims, Theological Ideas, and Sentences, collected out of several Dis- fertations and Di.-courses of Count Zinzendorf, from 1738 till 1747- ' His " Hymns for the Use of Brethren" were printed by Mr. Bowyer in the years 1748, 1749, and 1752; some Hymns, and a small Hymn-book foi- the ehiklren belonging to the Brethren's congregations, weie printeil entirely by Mr. Gam- bold's own hand, in Lindsey-house at Clielsca. A Letter from Mr. Ganibold to Mr. Sjiangenberg, June 4, 1750, containing a concise and well-written character of the Count of Zinzendorf ||, was iriserted in Mr. Jamts Hutton's "Es^ay towards giving some just Ideas of the personal Character of ( ount Zinzendorf, the present Advocate and Ordiiiary of the Brethren's Churches, The " Petition of the Bretiiren" on this occasion, most probably drawn up by Mr. Ca)i)l)o!(J, ViCt.s print:'d by Mr. Bowyer. It is preserved in the "Journals of the House of Conunons," vol. XXV'. p. 727. 11 The (Jomj)i!er of tiii:; No!)lc uishop's I.ifo in the " B,gra[)hia Britannica, 1766," atknowlcdg-es Li< oijlijration to Mr. Gambold, fcr sotnf? personal in- tornKiHou on that subject.. 1755.." 1750.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 221 In 1750 also, having been employed to print an 1755," 8vo, In 1752 he was editor of "Sixteen Discourses on the Second Article of the Creed, preached at Berlin by the Ordinary of the Brethren/' l!2mo. In June 1753 apjieared " The Ordinary of the Brethren's Churches his short and per- emptory Remarks on the Way and Manner whei'ein he has been hitherto treated in Controversies, &c. Translated from the High Dutch, with a Preface, by John Gambold, Minister of the Chajjel in Fetter-lane." In the same year he published, from Mr. Bowyers press, " Twenty-one Discourses, or Dissertations, upon the Augsburg Confession, which is also the Brethren's Confession of Faith ; delivered by the Ordinary of the Brethren's Churches before the Seminary. To which is prefixed a Synotli- cal Writing relating to the same subject. Translated from the High Dutch, by F. Okeley, B. A." In 17.54 he wtts editor of "A modest Plea for the Church of the Brethren, &c." Svo j witii a Preface by himself. In the same year, in conjunction with Mr. James Hutton, secretary to the Brethren, he also drew up "The Representation of the Committee of the English Congregation^ in union with the Moi'avian Ch\n"ch," addressed to the Arcii- bishop of York ; and also, " The plain Case of the Representatives of the People known by the Name of the JJnitas Fratnim, from the Year 1727 till these Times, with regard to their Conduct in this Country under Misrepresentation." And in 1755 he assisted in the publication of "A Letter from a Minister of the Morauau Branch of the Uiiitas Fratnuii; together with some additional Notes by the English Editor, to the Author of the Moravians compared and detected J " and also of "An Exposition, or true State of the Matters objected in England to the People known by the Name of Unitas Fralrum; by tiie Ordinary of tiie Brethren, the Note.i and Additions by the Editor." In the }ear 175(i' he preached at Fetter-lane chapel, and printed aficrvvard'^, a Sermon upon a Puijlic Fast and Ilmnihation, setting forth "The Reason- ableness and Extent of religious Reverence." He wa- nut only a good scholar but a man of great parts, and of sing\il;u' mecha- nical ingenuity. It was late in both tlieir li\ es before Mi-. Bo'vvyer was acquainted with his merits; I)ut he no soonei' knew them, than he was happy in his acquaintance; and very frecjuently applied to him as an occasicmal aisi^tant in correc ting tin jire-s , in which capacity Mr. Gambold sui-erinteiided (aniong-^t ia;iny other valuable publicaticms) the beautiful and vi:yy accurate edition of Lord Chancellor Bacon's Works in ]7<^'>; and in \~('>7 he was professedly the editor, and took an jictive part in the translation from the High Dutch, of " The Hi-toiyc^'tiro nland , containing a Description of the Countrr and its Inh il)itant- ; and parti'idarly a Rehition of the Mission, carried on for abne of the lords commis- sioners of trade and plantations. In the same year he was appointed envoy extraordinary to the court of Spain, in the room of Brett, esq.; but declined it, choosing rather to keep the post he already had^ which was worth 1000^. per aniunn, and \vhich he never parted with till his ik^ith, which hap])encd Febniary 14, 1746. He was a representatiAC in parliament successively for the boroughs of Stockbridge, Maiden, and Portsmouth. Coxe- ter hints that he was secretary of state in Ireland, but in this he seems not absolutely ceilain, making a query in regard to the time when, which however must, if at all, have been in Queen Anne's reign; for from the third jear of (ieorge I. to the time of his death, lie held his place at the board of trade, and probably was not oat of' England. He wrote two dramatic pieces, both of wliich (for the one is only a masque introduced in the third act of the other) were printed in the year 1/05, without the author's consent. Their names are, 1. "Orpheus and Eurydice," a ma-que ; *3. " Solon," a tragedy. -( Mr. iNIarkland^ whom he consulted on a particular passage in this translation, replies, " I think Jn all my life I ne\er saw such a translation as that you haAc sent me of these lines. If I were in your place, 1 v, otdd lesve it just as it is. You will have an infinite deal of trouble, without any reward, or so much as thanks from those wiiose affair it is : pei haps, just the contraiy. 1 i-epeat it ag-ain, do not meddle with it." Bladen translates Britannia by England; and as he au'ects to modernize the names of the scAeral people, he renders the 3Torini by the Tcrri'tennois, a ctnmtry hard1\ heard of in England since the reign of Henry YHI, who took that city in 1515. Dr. Pesqp- note? 1750.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 523 notes * in it as are signed Typcgr. In the subse- quent editions of this work, though printed by an- other person, and in Mr.Bowyers hfe-time, the same signature, contrary to decorum, and even justice, was still retained ; a circumstance which he always mentioned with no small degree of dissatisfaction. In the dispute between Dr. Burton of Eaton and Dr. King of St. Mary hall (occasioned by the " Re- marks -|~" of the former on the Latinity of a well- known "Oration:}:" of the latter) he had the honour of sharing w^ith Dr. Burton in the invectives most liberally bestowed by Dr. King, in his " Elogium famas inserviens Jacci Etoniensis, sive Gigantis ; or, the Praises of Jack of Eaton, conuiionly called Jack the Giant ; collected into English Metre, after the Manner of Thomas Sternliold, John Hop- kins, John Burton, and others. To which is added, a Dissertation on the Burtonian Style. By a Master of Arts, 1750." The illiberalitv which 2:enerallv attends a con- troversy of this kind, and of v.hich, from tlie stanza quoted below, it will be seen tlie present had its full share, is certain (after the v>'armth v/liich produced it ceases) to sink, aiul very prop(.'rly, the whole into oblivion. Let any reader peruse the following stanza, which is here given only to in- troduce Mr. Bovv'yer s defence, and afterwards de- termine whether Dr. King was defensible in suf- fering such lines as the following to fall from Ins pen : * These, with several additional (ics from his interleaved copies of Bladen's and Duncr.n's trausVitions, arc pre-erved ia the quarto volume of Mr. JJov.'yers " Miscerianetju.-, Tiact-." t " Remarks on Dr. King's Speech befor*' the Ul1^ver^.ity of Oxford, at the Dedication of Dr. ilailclilii- s libra: y, on the 13th of .'\prll, 1710. Bv Phileleiitber.is Ln;; liii',!!-is." fSco the .Monthly Kevlir.v, vol. II." pp. 69, <219. 235. + " Oratio in Theatro S;;.'lrioniano ! :i!>;t i i.'.ibns .^prilii. >!DccxLix, die de tesquieu's " Reflexions -j-, &c." but were omitted in consequence of this hint from Mr. Clarke : '^ DEAR SIR, _ Aug. 29, 1751. " You seem to ask what is the rule of prudence to a man of business in points of resentment. Re- * These words are literally quoted from Dr. King's notes. f See p. 235. clu^s 1750.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 22$ cluses arie no casuists in such cases : your men of business are the best judges : for my part, I think> very few things are worth resenting ; either the per- son or the insult makes them contemptible ; and v'^t every person who offers a public outrage deserves correction ; and it is necessary to make some ex- amples for the sake of the publick, and treat them as you do other criminals. I should probably think Dr. King a person that deserved no quarter ; though I am not very much jjleased with the last leaf of your preface : I should either suppress or alter it. The terms hesitate, private conversation, greatest deference, look as if you set about this business of self-defence with some sort of diflidence. Make no apologies, and enter into no j)articulars. I should be for new casting the whole from the middle of page xxxiv. and draw the Baron s character for hu- manitv and learnino; to as much advantajre as I could; and then contrast it with Dr. King's as the verv reverse without mentionin"; vour case at all.'' 1751- in this year he printed Baron Montesquieu's " Reflexions on the Causes of the Kise and Fall of the Koman Empire;" translated the Dialogue between Sylla and Socrates; made several corrections to the work, from the Baron's " ]*]sprit des Loix;" and un- proved it with his own notes *. \n the same vear he introdu'^'ed to the publick the first transhition that was made of liousseau's paradoxical IVizi- Oi-ation, which aiiuounced that singular o;ei>!US to the attention and admiration of Europe. It was printetl under the title of '' 'J'he Discourse which carried the Premium at the Aca- demy at Dijon in 17:>(). On this Ouestion j)ro- po^ed by tile said Acudeni} , Wliether the re-estab li^lnnent of arts and sciences lia^i contributed to the * Anew pflition of Mr. ]>)uy( r's work, witli many nltcnitions. was j>riiitccl in 1/51); and tlu- pnt'ire, uitti soinf atldiiioiial iiotts. mav be seen in liis " MiiCeUancoiH 'I'racts,' 41o, p. 'ilM. Vol. II. <) re- 526 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l751. refinement of manners ? By a Citizen of Geneva *." The preface to this pamphlet was Mr. Bovvyer's, and shall be given below -jf. * This translation was made under Mr. Bowyer's immediate direction. A second translation of it ^^as printed, by W. Rich- ardson, 1779j 12nu). t " Tlie following Discom'se has mjide such a noise in France, that 1 thought it, for its singularity, well worth the translating: it must be owned to be one of the finest modern pieces of oratory, and of so dangerous a persuasion^ that if the a\ith()r, instead of gi\ ing it in writing, had pronounced it with all tiie force which the fluency of tongue and the graces of action usually add to such orations in publick, I should tremble for all the Libraries of Europe, and dread his elocution almost its much as the fire and swords of Goths, Vandals, and Mussulmen. " All 1 can learn of the author is, that his name is Rousseau, and that he is, as he says, of Geneva, or of some place in the neigh- bourhood of Switzerland. I also have been assured, that when the Pi-esident of the Academy acquainted him with the success of his piece it was in these or the like words : ' Sir, the Academy have crowned yoiu' Discourse, for its elegance and purity of lan-^ g-uage ; and have overlooked your sentiments, because of your country.' " \\(i may sec by these words, that the Academy judged, as mankind must, tliut he imdertook the wrong side of the ques- tion, and, like the scholar at the Jesuit's, deserved the prize and the .rod. I was really at a loss, for a time, to find his sincere opinion ; but his pieface and notes, in support of Ids thesis, convinced me that he spoke his opinion. I was tlierefore once resolved t ) superadd a few critical remarks upon him, to shew how absunl his tenets were, and detect the art with v\ hich he would defeat art; but, upon a more mature deliberation, I feared I might be laughed at, like the Prelate who gravely undertook to prove tiiat there was no Pope Joan ; or one who should seri- ously argue against the ravings of Hobbes, Agiippa, Spinosa, or Nostradamus ; and, desisting from the undertaking, thought it sufiicient to say two words by way of au\ eitisement to the reader. " This gentleman would have us believe that the arts and scifuces have injured our morals and manners, and therefore woukl have them ai\d their professors banished. But has he for- got that ujan, in ail diiiiates born naked and defeiicelesia, cannot at all subsist v. itliout aits, nor, with any comfort, without sci- ences? J-!'s situation and capacity prove, beyond doubt, that they were by Providence intended to be improved by him. Is n(.)t art necessary for his feeding, clothing, lodging, and de- fer.ce ? and is not his daring mind a proof, thai some science was ordered for his lecreation, and some for calti\ating the land in ]>ioper seasons for his provisions ? " Wis it ncjt by ait tliat Hannibal raised a reputation? and were Xenophon, jipamauuudas, Caesar, and all the tauious Gre- cians 1751-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY* 237 Among the other books of 1751 were, "Observations on the past Growth and present State of the City of London, &c. By the Author of a Letter from a By-Stander [Corby n Morris *, esq.], foho. " The History of the Church of St. Peter, West- minster, commonly called Westminster Abbey ; chiefly from Manuscript Authorities. By Richard W id more -j~, M. A. Librarian to the 13ean and Chapter of Westminster ;" 4to. cians and Romans, ignorant of arts and sciences ? And since this man would i-aise\Var into a Divinity belonging' to Ignorance, how came it that the Barbarians could not stand before them ? And if ignorance increased strengtii and valour, surely all our common soldiers, nay, and a vast majority of our officers, ought to be heroes. He frets at the European or French poli'-enessj but upon his own system, and allowing his hypotheses, that it is all counterfeit, is it not yet better tliat the rude, harsh, and different characters of men should be veiled under even a false urbanity and affected mild manners, than that an eternity of broils should disturb society, by each savage mind's being visi- ble in all its uncouth and unpolished behaviour ? Is it not a happiness that I shall be, even outwardly, well used by those from whom I expect no more ? or would lie prefer travelling among the banditti of Arabia, or his own s;\\ ages of America, before a tour through Europe ? and if the latter must be pro- nounced the most agreeable, and that the arts and sciences are the cause of the ditference, what becomes of his goddess Ig- norance ? In shoit, he had taken a laudable subject, if he had only lashed the abuses, which are ever the imfoitunate attendants on all great systems : but to run down the sun because he some- times scorches, or the rain because it sometimes fulls to excess, contains hardlv any thing more delirious than what this orator has seriously undertaken. JJke Jat k in the Tale of a Tub, lie tears the coat to pieces because of a few useless cnibi'oitleiies ; and yet, it must be confessed, his argument is worthy of achnira- tion for its composition and elegance, and may be considen-d by those of his own ojjinion (if any) as a proof of tlic danger of arts and sciences, since, by their help, so murli could be made of the worst of causes. " I have endeavoured to keep up o his spiiil in the transl.i- tion ; and if the English reado lind- my tiling fliikiiiir in it, I shall put him in mind of the unsucce-sial or Lian orator, when he heu'.-d his advei-sary's oral ion piai.-cd on ihi- r(Mding. and cry out, almost in his words, " Vv hat wou'.d il be, if }()U understood the original ?" * Who was appointed a conimis-iniu! of i lie C ustoms March 15, 1763; and died Dec. '24, )77!. t Of St.. John's C:()ll.;:. Is, title-pages, &c. And let them be done out of i have Mr. Kiiapton's final direction about the title- 'ly, and without any more put-off's." June "3, 17.j1. .yer, 1 take it extremely ill of you for not sending me two copies of all the reprinted leaves, prefaces, tille-j)age>, ^v. before I left town, as I ordered. If I thought what I .said would be any way reg-arded by you, I would ha\e sent tju :n by Leake'?* parcel. W. W." * Deliverefl as part of the Lumleian Lecture, f Of whom see p. 194. X " It pleases me that Mr. Brown knows that Mr. Jialuniy and you, as well as I, think his second flssay infi linr t.) the first, because it will do a young author, who ai)])oarul to uie too ob- stinate in this matter, home good. I tJKMight llie metliod in- took in considering tiie d( tVrts of Lord .shal'te.-^bury's moiidiiv, a wrong one. You will conclude too, 1 mu.-.t needs thiuk, liis account of vwrnl oblis^atwn, a wrong one. But as to this, 1 told him, he must think for himself And 1 never liked a frii nd the worse for being in a diilcreiit system. In amwer to this, he -a:d. have --e- which i- Sure; - reso'ivvMi for? ; d leaves, t ham; pan- "Ml ; SSO LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l751. " Q. Horatii Flacci Epistola ad Augustum, with an English Commentary on the Epistle to Piso ;" by the Reverend Richard Hurd *, M. A. Fellow of Enianuel College, Cambridge, 8vo. " The Opinion of an eminent Lawyer [LordHard- wicke] concerning the right of Appeal from the Vice- chancellor of Cambridge to the Senate ; supported by a short histor:;: J Account cf the Jurisdiction of the University -f-. Jby a Fellow of a College" [the Editor of the preceding Article] j^. said, that I mistook him 3 and that when he speaks of happiness obliging, he nsed obligation only in the sense of motive. This gave me an opportunity to write to him ; and so, with the old Casuists, Uberavi aiumam meam." " I agree with you that his first Essay is a very fine one. It is entirety his own. The se- cond Cinter nosj he i: not master of Aiid I find hiai much a Strang;er to the subject of the thhd. It was from what I had seen him capable of i' rhe fiist, that I put him upon tliis work, 9S what was in his profession, would be acceptable to the Clergy, and useful to the pubUck. I now lind it would ha^'e been better, had the project been laid, to pubhsh the first Essay alone ; to have taken more time for the other two ; to have studied the subjects well 3 and above all to have taken the best assistance of his friends. Instead of this, he has hujried tla'ough the v\ork with grci'.t precipitation 3 which, though it siiews the quickne.-s of his parts, will not answer the end I proposed, his honour and service. Though in this I may bo mistaken, and it may take better with the world, than if it had been what we three would have had it." Dr. IVarhurton to Mr. Hard, Feb. 15, 1750-1. * Of thislear.ed and excellent Divine see the "Essays and Illustrations," vol. V. No XIX. f See an account of it in British Topography, vol. I. p. 226. X The follo\ving letter to Mr. Bowyer is dated Cambridge, Feb. 14, 175-2. "You must endeavour, if possible, to get me Mr. Warburton's Visitation Sermon at Lincoln, and the pamphlet against J Jr. IVeb- ster. 1 want them exceedingly, to complete n)y collection of his emaller trac's. Dr. Chapman, you see, has jjublished an aj.swer to the Opin'con, of which 1 shall scarce think it Avorth my while to take any notice. Bur would it not be proper to take the o^por- tuiiiiy of advertising ag.an *he Opinion, that you may tiy to get off the remainder of the tiiird edinon. 1 have considered your proposal about Horace, and cannot bate a farthing of what i mentioned in my last. We Authors, jou know, have always some excuse to comfort ourselves for our books not selliiig One reason at least for the Epistle to Augustus not going orf was, I think, Thurlbourn's neglect to advertise it pro- perly when it was published. I happened to be abroad at that tiincj 1751.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 231 A short Description of a Print of Sir Watkin Williams Wynne. The Bishop of Clogher's " Essay on Spirit*," 8vo. I cannot but take notice under this year how sacred the copy-right of books was then esteemed. Mr. Bowyer's ideas on that subject will appear from his claim to a share in the Woiks of ])r. Barrow, in consequence of his father s having been possessed of an assignment to a single Sermon -j-. time, and he is apt to be very careless. I have lately met with some of my own Mends who never observed it in the papeis till the other day, when it was adveitised more carefully. You say, if you purchased the edition, you shovdd expect to have the right of the copy absolute. I suppose you only mean the right of tlie copy of 750 ; that is, of this edition. Pray let me have vour final answer as soon -as possible. What I propose is to have the new edition printed otF directly, so as to be finished at the farthest this summer 3 though I would not publish it till tlie edition of the Epistle to Augustus be sold off. And, as I am sensible, as you say, of the ditference betwixt a piece of dry rrilicism and a no\el, I should not insist on the payment of the 40/. till a year after the time of publication, if tliat would make any diH'ei'euce. But, if I part with the copy foi- less than this sum, 1 think m\self obliged in honour to let ^Ir. Thurlbourne have it, against wliom I have no complaint, but that as he grows old he grows lazy. I have not yet had leisvae to look into the new edition of l\Ion- tesquieu's Book [see p. 225], which is vyell spoken of here. " I am, Sir, your humble servant, R. Hurd." * On this subject Dr. Warburton observes, " The iiisliop of Cloghcr, or some such heathenish name, in Ireland, has just pub- lished a book. It is made up out of the rubbish of" old hrre.-^es ; of a much rai\ker cast than common Arianism. Jcsus Christ is Michael ; and The Holy Ghost, G;>bn(>!, kc. Tliis might he heresy in an English Bishop; InU in an Irish, 'tis only a blundci'. But, thank God, our bisljops are all far from making or xending heresies; though, for the good of the church, tluy liave excel- lent eyes at spying it out whenever it skulks or lies liid." Ltltcr to Mr. Hnrd, iVw. 'l8, 1751. t I shall give this claim in his own words, fi-oni a letter to a respectable bookseller, dated Dec. 3, 1751 : " I am (\\\\\c con- cerned to undirstand that you luivc foigot e\er -i eing- l!ral):i/( n Aylmer's assiginnent of Banow's ' Scr. ion on ihc 'rri-!ii\ ' ai d the more so, because, as !5j'iiit'> ha\e gio'.^ii \\;u:ii -r -'luc f ha>e been told 1 wa^ to blame for acquis ciii'j,- so t;M::"I\ ir. iint h-v. ing a share in the last e !-mi.,i!!.( , ^o,. e circumstance relating to if, who told me (and I tli',ik Iimim \ni r researches) that niy a.-;rigmuem was goc^ tor nothing, l-.cni c 555 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l752. 1752. On the publication of tlie third edition * of Lord Orrery's Remarks on the Life and Writings of the Sermon was assigned over before. He added, ' That I need not doubt the honour and vei-acity of the reporters.' I had be- fore been told, that the Sermon was left out in the edition pre- ceding youfs, and would be 50 ag'ain. The more you have forgot the assignment, the more desirous am I of recovering it. I wish you would look among your papers, though 1 own it is not likely you shoqld be solicitous to preserve a claim %vhich inter- fered with your's. 1 would ad\ ertise for Aylmer's executors to help me ; but I think Mr. Hitch said he died poor. You will please to observe, it is not a matter of indifference even now. My fether printed the Sermon, and it is now to be seen. If he had not a light to do so fi'om Aylmer, he invaded some one's property. Lay your hand on your heart, and tell me whether you would so quietly give up your property first, and secondly your reputation (if such a thing there be) by letting the assign- ment be forgot, forgot by the very persoiis whose interest it is to forget it,'* * " Learn to write like Lord Orrery (whose impression of Letters concerning Swift was all sold in a day's time), and you will have readers enough. It is full of beauties of all kinds. His characters of men is not the least. Itamus, Thomas Aquinas, and Descartes, were thought by Hooker, Grotius, and Locke, to be three great original geniuses; but his Lordship has discovered they were a set of asses. Nor should his great improvements ir^ Astronomy be overlooked. He calculates the return of comets to the greatest minuteness. But the imperial dower of speech, the sovereign of this grove of delights, is what the French call GalUnatiaa.^ut seriously, what would this noble Lord say of his enemies, when he draws so charming a picture of diablirie from his friend ? Yet he himself told me he pursued that friend- ship so sedulously, that he suffered numberless indignities fi'om Swift, before he could be admitted to any degree of familiarity. Perhaps then he but takes his revenge in tiiis representation ; which, howe\ er, I believe a true one. But it seems a strange office in a friend to acquaint the publick with such truths." \ Dr. Uarburton to Mr. Hiird, Nov. IS, 1/51. " As great a critic as )0U are, I believe your patience would not suffei' you to read those detestable Letters on poor Swift in such a manner as to discover the hundredth part of the offeijices against common sense and science, that may be met with in them." Ilnd. Dec. ^9, " Don't you think that age iu want of a little trath and sense, which gave credit to tlie BGltlc-man, and aj)plauses to Orrery^ s Letters, of which the bookseller told me he has sold twelve thousand "r" Ibid. Dec. 10, 1754. [A copy of these I-^tters, with Mr. Warburton'.s free animadversions upon therti, entered on the margin^ in his flwn handj may be seen in Hartlebury Library, i/.] Dr, A 1 I752.J THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 533 Dr. Swift," in 1752, he wrote and printed, but never published, " Two Letters from Dr. Bentley in the Shades below, to Lord Orrery in a Land of Thick Darkness." The notes signed B. in the /linth quarto volume of Swift's Works are extracted from these letters; which are re-printed at large amono^ his " Miscellaneous Tracts." " A Critical Commentary upon the Books of Tobit, Judith, Baruch, the History of Susannah, and Bel and the Dragon ; to which are added, Two Dissertations on the Books of Maccabees and Esdras * ; being a Continuation of Bishop Patrick and Mr, Lowth, by R. Arnald, B. D." folio. A considerable part of Ainsworth's-I- "Latin Dic- tionary," 4to. " Antonii Alsopi j^dis Christi Olim Alumni Odarum Libri duo;}:," 4to. This little volume was * In this volume there is also " A Dissertation on the Daemou AsmodaMis, translated from Calmet." f " When Patrick republished Ainsworth's Dictionary, he affirmed to Dr. Mead he had found a new sense for gerxe, eje- lashos, in the XII Tables, " Mulieres genas ne radunto." The Doctor maintained it must be \iriderstood of not tearing their cheeks for grief j but Patrick would have radeie signify to shave, and then gence must be eyelashes. So he mistook prujiccre sei- quipedalla verba in Hoiace for throwiiii^, uttcririi^:, spouting, 0..I; whereas in that, ami all other in.-itaiices, it means rejcctiu;;-, as seven times in Statius translated by Pope. Botli these new senses were left in his edition. Mr. VVest had a iNlS. of Ain^- worth's, which he proposed printing." Mr. Gou^h, MS. X July "17, 174s, Proposals were published for printing' bv subscription, "Antonii Alsopi Odarum Libri rhio, alter continens Epistolares, alter Miscellanea;" and the following j)articulars were then first given : " The Author of these Odes was educate ci in Wostmin-ter College, and thence ( lected to C,'hri>t Church in Oxford. Of this learned body he had the honour to !)(> a princi- pal ornament at a time when it was in its liigliO't repute. For, being soon di^tingui.-hed by tliat universal ni:i.-t(i- of liunian science Dean Aldrich, he pa>-^ed through the u>Uid dflic c- to that of Censf)r of the house ; and had, for some year.-, couuuiltcd to liim the chief care of the young noldcmen and gcntleinen, with which that Society aboundcfi. In tills u.-if il and eminent enj- ployment he continued, till his merit- nconmiendcd iiim to Sir Jonathan Trelavvny, Iiislio[) of Wine Iic-tc r, who appointed him his chaplain; and soon alter, by pnfeiment, made an ample jirovision hjr tlie K'arned ntiicnicnt, in whic h, ulica once entered^ lie toiitinucJ to the cud of hl^ da\s. Tlub was -,(1 >uitcd iiS4 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l752- dedicated by Mr. Francis Bernard, the ingenious editor, in an elegant copy of Verses, to Thomas Duke of Newcastle. suited to his genius and inclination, that, for a course of years, he would not be drawn from it by the repeated solicitations of those who thought him due to a more public life and higher station. Among the various branches of philaloglcal learning for which he was eminent, his singularly delicate taste of the Classic Poets was the chief. This induced him to make use of the Sapphic numbers in his familiar coiTcspondence with his most intimate friends j in which he shewed a facility so un- common, and a style so natural and easy, that he has been not unjustly esteemed inferior only to his master Horace. These are to be the chief contents of the proposed volume ; and a singular instance they are of the great power Avhich the merit of a work has in its preservation. We have seen, in many examples, that all the advantages of piint and paper cannot give duration to a puny and sickly offspring, nor add one day to the montlis of its life ; but these Odes, deserted by their parent, and left exposed to the wide world, have, by the strength of their constitution,^ without the assistance of the press, lived some to forty, and most above thirty years. As the Author, whose modesty (the con- stant companion of merit) made him disregardful of his own works, never kept any regular copies of his compositions, the manuscript collections of tliem have been chiefly made from the original epistles. But as no collector, however industrious, can expect to ha\e got together all the Author's Odes of this kind ; as there are ruany others, besides the Epistolary, that well de- sene to be collected and preserved ; and as the whole merit the best dress the press can gi\e them is a kind of public due to the literary world j this ]jublication has been often wished for. But probably this work woiild have still been neglected, if there had not intervened an unhappy occasion for the present under- taking it ; this is, a very near relation of the Author's being, in an ad\'anced age, by imexjx^cted losses, greatly reduced ; for whose benefit the profits cy? the publication are intended. Great care will be taken to make this collection as complete and cor- rect as possible, and to keep out of it all spurious things falsely attributed to the same Author. The size of the \ olume at pre- sent cannot be exactly known j but it is believed it will amount to twenty slieets. As the works of the Author are uncounnonly dis})er^.ed, it is desired that they who ha\e any Potuns of hi* would send an accovmt of the same, with the tii'st line of each poem, and a direction where a copy thereof may be had, if it shoukl not be already in the Editor's Collection, directed to Mr. Bo\vyer, printer, in Wlute Friers, London ; and the favour shall be thankfully acknowledged." This is followed by a list of such Poems as the Juiitor at that time possessed ; and I have now before me some curious specimens of Mr. Bowyer's fiee- dom in correcting- the press. Oil the third sheet of ALsop's Odes ,iA THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. a^x Mr. Jackson's " Chronological Antiquities ; or, the Antiquities and Ciironology of the most antient is written, '' In the last sheet I made it ohstrevat against vour authority, and will gi'.e you leave to adveitise nie if it is ui'ong. I fear you have bad copies of these Poems; aiid I >vi!l be bold to say, tliere is mucli bad Latin, and sometimes fal-- quan- tity." In p, '-21, for stridant, Mr. Bowycr writes, sirident, against the world and your copy, becuiise it follows, ef: moneaut." P. "23, N't vetet.'] " The privited copies Nee vetat. Either mar tie, but I like Nee vetul better. 'Phe sneer is the same either way ; but the compliment heightened by Nee vetat." jlr. AIsop was elected from Westminster to Christ Church, where he took the degree of M. A. March "23, 1693 ; and B. D, Dec. 1'2, I7O6. On coming to the Uni^crsity, he was very much distinguished by Dean Akhichj and published " Fabularuni iEso- picarum Delectus, Oxon 1G98," 8vo. with a poetical dedication to Lord Scudamore, and a p?eface, ia hich lie took pan -ag-ainst Bentley, in the famous dispute wiUi Jioyle. " This book," Dr. Walton observes (Essay on Pope, vol. II. p. 393), " is not suffi- ciently known." And Dr. Wai burton observes, that "a. power- ful cabal gave it a surprizing run." Letter to Mr. Hard, Au;^. 19, 1749. Mr. iilsop passed lluoagh tlie usual ofPices in liia Col- lege, to tliat of Cei;.s3r, ..ith considerable reputation 5 and for some years had the ]>rincir-. 1 Noblemen and Gerulenien be- longing to the Society com:^ :ued to his care. In thii useful employment lie oonvinued tnl his merit recommended iiim to Disiiop Trelawiiy, who soon after gave him a preljcnd of Win- cli. i- jr, witli the rectory of Brightwell in I]erks ; fio^n which he cojI.; iiotbedrn-. 1 by tlie repealed solicitations of tnohc who thought him qi^aiiiied for a more public cliavacter and a iiigher station, lie attended the Convocilion, uo\\e\e;-, a- Proctor for the Cicrgy of Winchester. In 1717 (a- appears l)y several of JiL-hop Atterbi'.ry's letcers) asi action was hroLigla a;. dust him, by Mrs. Llizaberh Astrey of Uxfori, for oivadi of a marriage couti'actj ). which a verdict wa.-. givt!i ag;un.-' li:in for 'JOOo/. whicli uufonuuately com}.'-lied him to i.ii ilie .viiig.ioiii. 'ihe la^rtime his name occurs in thnse leueis is i^t'C,'2, 1/ i9; and he soon after vv.o enabk d to nlurn to Kiiglaiu Hi death, whirli l(a[)pened June l(i, IJ'-G, was (M-casif,;.' 1 \)\ \.\\'i f;;!!iMg-in oi'iiic bank, a:^ he was walking by the ri.ei- id*' 1.. :;!> ou,. gaidca, in a place where the path wjis narrow. "^( \-i:i'. of hi.- p(K"i..- aie to fx; toiind in ihceai'iv volume.- of (he dtiUK luan's "*i i_:.i/,iiir ; par- ticularly in vol. Mli. p. Vl't , aii . ''.^anl ; (u la al c;/:.: Ic ;o Mr.Ioiui Doiben', dated Brighlw ell, y:...0\ ~ \','-.': a Lat !;(;.!. to ! Ik smie fi-iend, March r('24, vol. V i)..,4; the Ti- IXuin ui Latin vc !,,.-. p. j()!;: and ...nD.ie, oeea:ii(.ai'd \>\ iil- o\\ . \'.\\\t', ail.ln,-,( d t(; Dr. K'''li, tiicn !'iof(>s-,or(tf A-troiioniv at Oxford, vmI.IX. |,ji..;'i 1, .;;.% Mr. I'ranci iJernard ..asal-o iducaU'd ;!t \\ c-tu.ii.Mu- m lion! ; where, in l/^iJ, he was elc( ted into the ( (jiT ge ; '"' '" /'-!* became a student of ( inist Churcii, 0\h.rd; vviunr-.' \\v 1. moved to the MHidl*^ Temple, of which society he wa- i.fi.eruards a beuchci". 23^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l752. Kingdoms, from the Creation of the World, for the Space of 5 000 Years, &c. To which are added proper Indexes," three volumes, 4to. Of Mr. Jack- son, see the " Essays and Ulustrations" in vol. V, Ko. XX. bencher. He practised at the bar some years ; and, going the Midland circuit, was elected steward of the city of Lincoln, and also officiated as recorder at Boston in that circuit. In February 1758 he was appointed governor of New Jersey, and in January 1760 of Massachusetts Bay; of which last province he continued governor ten yeai's, receiving, during that time, the repeated and uniform approbation of the Crown, amid many successive changes of the ministry at home ; and hkewise preserving the confidence and good opinion of all ranks in the Province, till the differences arising between the two countries, and the oppo- fcition gi\ en to the orders sent from Great Biitain, made it a part of his official duty to take decisive measures for suppoi'ting the authority of Government ; which, however approved by mi- nisters here, could not ftiil, on the spot, to weaken and gi-adually undermine the degree of popularity he before enjoyed. His con- duct in that difficult and trying" situation gave such entire satis- faction to his Majesty, that lie wiis advanced while abroad, and without solicitation, to the dignity pf a baronet, and was deno- minated of Nettleham, from an estate near Lincoln, which is still in the family 3 but his chief residence latterly was at Nether IVinchendon and Aylesbury, in the county of Bucks, The fa- vourable sentiments which the Province entertained for Sir Francis betbre the contro\ersy took place between Great Britain and the Colonies, ai-e shewn by the expressions of acknowledge- ment and affection in their several addresses to him up to that period ; but more paiticularly by the following unanimous vote of the House of Assembly, which was agieed to by the Council, and afterwards confirmed by his Majesty : " Resolved, That in consideration of the extraordinary serA'ices of his Excellency Governor Bernard, there be granted to him, his heirs and as- signs, the Island of Mount Desert, lying on the North-easward of Penobscoi Bay ; and that a grant thereof, to be laid before His Majesty for his ap[)robation, be signed by the Secretaiy and Speaker on behalf of the two Houses." The constant approba- tion with which he was honoured by his I\Iajesty, appears from the dispatches of the ditr'erent Secretaries of State laid before the House of Commons, and printed by their order. The late Field- Marshal Conway, when Secretary, thus concludes his dispatch, 31 March, 1765 : " I ha\e only to add, which I do Avith great pleasure, that every part of your conduct hiis had the entire and hearty approbation of yoiu' Sovereign, and that the judicious representations in faAOur of your Province, which appear in your letters laid before both Houses of Parliament, seem to have their full weight in all those parts of the American interest to which they relate 3 and as His IMajesty honours you with his fullest ;ip- probation 1752.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 237 " A Paraphrase, with Critical Annotations, on the Epistles of St. Paul to the Romans and Gala- tians ; to which is prefixed, an analytical scheme of the whole. By Timothy Edwards ^, A. M." 4to. The Fourth Part of Dr. Battie's Lectures " Do Principiis Animalibus, Exercitationes in Coll. Reg\ probation both for the firmness and temperance of your conduct, so I hope your Province will be sensible of their obligations to you, and will cordially feel what they owe to a Governor whom no outrage could pro\oke to resentment, nor any insult induce to relax in Ids endeavours to persuade His Majesty to shew indulgence and favour even to the offending part of his people." Lord Shel- burne, the succeeding secretary of state, in a dispatch 31st of Sep- tember following, adds similar expressions of approbation. " It is with gieat pleasure," says he, " that I ha\ e oliserved the manner in which you have conducted yourself during the disputes of the last year, which I cannot do without highly approving your at- tention and watchfulness, on the one hand, to support the au- thority of Government, and on the other, the tenderness and affection which appeared in all your letters towards the people tmder your government." Sir Francis alludes, in his official correspondence, to the sacrifice which he was obliged to make to his public duty. " Such," says he, in his dispatch of the 25th of Novcmbei-, 17C5, " I reckon my losing the general good will and good opinion of the people, not by any act of my own, but by the unavoidable obligations of my oflic^e, in a business in which I had no concern but as an executive officer." Sir Francis Bernard s"Case before the Privy Council ' was printed by Mr. Bowycr in 1770 J and two editions of hi^ " Select Letters" in 1774. In the year 1741 he married Amelia, daughter of Steplien OfHey, of Norton-hall, Derby, esq. (by Mary his wife, sister to John lord viscount Harrington) , by whom he had six sons and four tlaughters. Amelia Lady Bernard died on the 'iGth of May 1778, and Sir Francis the ICth of .Tune, in the yeai- following. Of the sons, Francis, the eldest, died uimvjrricd ; John, the second, succeeded to the title ; and Thomiis, the third, of Lin- coln's Inn, barrister at law, and chanctilor of the (iioce'* of Durham, is well known as a sclujlar and a jdiilunthropi^t. This Paraphrase was published, after the death of the Au- thor, by Manister Barnard, A.M. rector of Whitestone, l)<'von. Of Mr. Edwards 1 know no more than what his Editor inform^ us ; that he was vicar of Okehamjjton in Devonshire ; was esteemed a person of great learning and sound judgment, and perfectly understood the original text ; that he for many years made Divinity his chief study, and particularly applied hiniM If to the explanation of thew' Kpi when the Nation was in a ferment at the indulgence proposed to be granted to the Jews, Mr. Bowyer pubhshed, in 4t(), " Remarks on a Speech made in Common Council, on the Bill for permitting Persons professing the Jewish Religion to be naturalized, so far as Prophecies are supposed this sacrifice of him; and that, if he went into orders, he in- tended to give it." The late Mr. Steevens, in aia article which he furnished for the "BiographiaDi-amatica," thus ably characterized Mr. Mason : " This gentleman is one of the few authoi's who are intitled to the applause of the world, as well for the virtues of his heart as for the excellence of his writings. He married a young lady of good family and amiable character, but of a consumptive constitution, which soon deprived him of her at Bristol Wells, as aj)pears by her elegant epitaph m that cathedral. Mr. Mason at piesent exerts himself as a politician in the covmty where he re- sides, and seenjs to have been very active in fomiing the associa- tion established there. The commendations bestowed on Elfrida and Caractacus in tlicir original form, liave been seconded by aii equal degree of applause since they wei(; adapted to the stage. The first is perhaps the most finished, the second the most strik- ing peiformance." After some masterly observations on these two celebrated dramatic works, Mr. Steevens candidly adds, " The real beauties, however, of both these performances so success- fully predominate over every seeming imperfection they may betray, that, on a review of what we have written, wc scarcely think our remarks to the disadvantage of either deserve consi- deration." Mr. Mason maiiied IMary, daughter of \Mllianj Shermon, of Kingston-upon-Hull, esq. who died March 24, 1767, in her ^Sth year, at Bristol ; in the '^^ firth aile of which cathedral he erected to her memory a neat luonument Of white marble, with the following inscription : " Maiy, tiie daughter of William Shermon^ of Kingston-upon-Hull, and wife of the Rev. William Mason, died Marcli 9A, 17C7, aged 2S. Whoe'er, like me, witli treml)ling anguish brings His heart's whole treasure to these healing springs ^ Whoe'er, like me, to soothe disease and pain. These heaiina: springs lias visited in vain ; CondennVd like me to hear the faint reply. To mark the iaf'ing cheek, the sinking eye. From tjis chiil biows to wipe the dam})s of death. And war ch in dumb despair the shojtening breath If 1753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. S4I to be affected by it." The design of this sensible little tract, which was written with spirit, and well received by those who were superior to narrow pre- judices, was to shew, that, whatever political rea- sons might be adduced against the Bill, Christianity would in no degree be prejudiced by the indulgence proposed to be granted to the Jews*. It is printed with Mr. Bowyer s " Miscellaneous Tracts." In the same year some of his notes were annexed to "A Journal from (irand Cairo to Mount Sinai, and back again -|~, translated from a Manuscript If chance direct him to this artless line. Let the sad mourner know his pangs were mine." Mr. Mason's death happened at Aston, of a mortification> occasioned by breaking his shin, in stepping out of liis car- riage. " He hurt his shin on Friday, officiated in his cimrcli at Aston on Sunday, and died on the Wednesday following. He was lord of a valuable manor in the East Hiding of the county of York; and his income was about 1500/. per annum." Mr. Gough, MS. The appointment of the four canon-residentiarica of York cathedral is in tlie gift of the Dean ; who is obliged, by statute, to give the vacant canonry to the first man he sees, after the vacancy, capable of taking it. Mr. Markhani was his first sight on the death of Mr. Mason. * " The Je\v Bill is one of those things that characterize the present age. The Bi^h(>i)s saw no harm, nor even indecency in it, to Rehgion. The people thought tlioy saw, what (it is be- yond ail question) they did not see. So that between the not seeing at all, and the seeing falsely, I never met with so much wickedness of a persecuting spirit on one side, and so much nonsense on both, as in this pamphlet contioversy." Dr. li urburton io Mr. Ilurd, Dec. 6, 1753. i To the Society of Antiquaries, to whom this book was in- scribed, Bishop Clayton (jbseived, "that as the Jounia! p;uticii- larly describes many plactj^ in the wilderness, wliere great num- bers of antient characters are hewn In the rocks ; if a jjcr-on was sent to live some time among the Anibs, he miulit grt coines of the chaj'acteir, and :>ome help.--, by which the aiiliiut Ililjnw characters, now lost, may be n.CD' cred." He ad'lcd, " I don't know whom to apj)ly tf), more projHilv to look out for a >uil;ib!e pi^rson. As to the expcnc--, I am willing to Ijcar an\ propoiiiun you .t>ha!l think piojM'i-, in order to Ii:i\u this dc-igii clii'eled." [Tlie Bi-hop proiOb('(l to iiavc i::iun KX)'. /;/ ; (umam for live yi;ai>l Tlie Pr. felt u of Kgvjit hadwitli him j.-fi-on^ acquainleJ with the Arabic, Greek, Hetjrew, Syi'.tc, (optic, J.atin, Aimi- niaii, Tmivi^h, l:]ngii-'li, Ill}ri':ui, (uniiau. and Bohemian laii- guagea, }ct none of Ihem had any Liiouledgc of tlic thai act t.T.s Vol. I'l. it' wiath 242 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF \_175S* \vritten by the Prefetto of Egypt, in company with some Missionaries de propagandd Jide at Grand which were cut in the solid rock, 12 and 14 feet high, with great industry. ITie Bishop declared, that he did not make this pro- posal as a matter of curiosity, but as it might be of great ser- vice to the Christian revelation, by corroborating the history of Closes. From the learned Body to whom the Bishop of Clogher ad- dressed his Journal, he received the following acknowledg- ment : " MY LORD, Nov. 22, 1753, " The regard which yonr lordship was pleased to shew to this Society, by addressing to tliem the Journal to Mount Sinai, with your I^jrdship's learned and curious remarks on the origin of Hieroglyphicks, has long since called for our thankful acknow- ledgment. And we assure }'our Lordship, that this delay haa been no ways owing to our not being duly sensible of the hon- our done VIS by that address. But the Society being yet in tlie in- fancy of its piesent establishment, \^e ha\ e been chiefly employed in settling and adjusting such matters as more immediately re- late to its future management and regulation ; which has hither- to prevented our attention to several other things, though of importance, that have come before us. And we now find our- selves obliged to acquaint jour J^ordship, that, as well from the nature of our constitution, which principally respects British antiquities, as from our annual contribution.^, which at present arc our only revenue, we are wholly inca])able, as a body, of contributing to the suppoi-t of your Lordslii})'s truly generous and laudable scheme, proposed in tlie above-mentioned treatise. Whatever, therefore, can be hoped for of tliat kind, nmst be done by particular persons of Iarf:;e fortuocs, who are v. illing to encourage such curious and useful researches into the eai'liest times. And for this purpose we have not been wanting to re- commend it, both at our meetings and elsewhere, as occasion has olfercd ; nor shall we, for the future, cer.se to do so, though hitherto it has not had the deslri'd success. That your Lordship may long live to see the ha])p\ effects, both of this and any other good designs your Lordship may ha\e in view, for promoting the interest of learning, and our holy r"'igion, is the sincere and hearty dt>irc of, my Lord, your I^ordsliip's most obliged, hum- ble servants, TiiF. Socikty of Axtiuuakies of London." An excellent /Vntini'iiry, in a lettet on this subject (Gent. Mag. I7.'>3, ]).331) s;iys, " 1 hope the gen^'icmen addressed will ])av a proiKT regard to the proposal of tlie Bishop ofCaogher, and will sen 1 some (jur.liried ])erson to take an exact cop>y of that very aiiinic inserijUion on the rock at Moimt ^inai. It may seem very iaring in 'axv, one, while \vc luivc so ft \v data, and whdr liUR. uiwio is knoivn relating to lliij in.--crij!tion but that it e\.l-ts, to advmtuie any conjecuue eouccruirig it, and yet I thinl. 1753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 243 Cairo: To which are added, Remarks on the Origin of Hieroglyphics, and the Mythology of the antient think one may guess something, from analogy, about the sub- ject-matter of it. I believe it \\ill prove to be historical, since I have obsen'ed that such antient memorials have been preserxed in that manner. ' That the most antient people,' says Mr. Wise, ' before the invention of books, and before the use of scvxlpture upon stones, and other smaller fragments, were wont to re])re- sent things great and noble upon entire rocks and mountains, seems so natural, that it is easily imagined, and assented to by all. And that the custom was not laid aside for many ages after, is plain from Histoiy. Semiramis, to perpetuate her memory, is reported to have cut a whole rock into the form of herself. Hannibal, long after the invention of books, engraved characters upon the Alpine rocks, as a testimony of his passage over them ; w'hich charactei-s were remaining about two centuries ago, if we may believe Paulus Jovius. But, what is most to our purpose, it appears to have been particularly the custom of the Northern nations, from that remarkable inscription mentioned by Saxo, and several ages after him delineated and published by Olaus Woraiius. This was inscribed by Karold Hyldetand to the me- mory of his father ; it was cut on the side of a rock, in Runic characters, each letter of the inscription being a quarter of an ell long, and the length of the whole iS4 ells.' (Mr. Wise's Letter to Dr. Mead.) These Northern examples are indeed tiie most for this learned Author's purpose, who contends that the White Horse, in the Vale of that name in Berkshire, is a monument of this sort, and was intended to perpetuate the remembrance of a signal victory obtained by the Saxons at As>hdovvn, under the conduct of King /Elfred, over the Danes. But the custom was Eastern as well as Northern, as appears from that veiy rei)iark- able instance which sve have in Captain Hamilton's Account of the East Indies. The author, afv'^r giving a short hi^^tory of that successful attack which the Dutch made upon the L-^land of Amoy, in China, A. D. 1G45, a.lds, ' Tiiis history is wiitten iu large China ch.aracters, on the face of a smooth rnck that faces the entrance of the harbour, and ma\ be fairly s;'en as we pa-s out and into the harbour.' This is but of late date, cc^mpared with the monument at Mount Sinai; but. as (he Eastern jx-ojjle in genei"al are extremely tenacitms uf their aniif r.t ru-loni'-. :u appears from tiie travel- both of Dr. Pocoekc and ))r Slr.iw , tl;(^ conjecture is not the less pnjbable, th.it tiiis \rabi..n in-eriii;.l(;ji will be found to afford us some liisLorical fact." " It '.'.ould have been a .^en-ib!e di-^apijointnicnt to our uuithy Prelate, liad he li\ed to :ee that. afuT an attentive cxuniinalion by the late Mr. Wortlcs .M()a':;gii, in IT'J.^, tli; -r 1 h:n;u:1ers ap- pear tf) be nothing more than th woii; ot" < 'l:ri-ti.;n (onvfrt-, pilgrims to Mount Sinai. Thc; ajuroHcli nc.uc-t lo ihc Hchrf.v of any (character, and are in;ir;iii\'ilu!lii !i;MMc.^ olni^ nai.d f' ,!-< Mr. Moiita-.-u's ucc:ii.li"ii of th- I'-l' - m '.li..- ru'.ki -.Uu -k bv k - Mr'.- 244 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF tl753 Heathens. By the Right Rev. Robert Lord Bishop of Clogher *." This benevolent and very learned Moses bears ample testimony to the Scripture Historj'. Sec Phil. Trans, vol. LVI. article 8; and Gent, Map:. 1/67:, pp.374, 401. The last account which we have of these written monu- ments is by Mr. Nieubuhr. *' The inscriptions," says he, " on the ro;ul from Suez to Mount Sinai, do not answer the idea formed of them. I saw no rocks covered with characters for half a league together each ; but very different inscriptions, which Pococke copied before, and Mr. Montagu after me. As thev are all engraved on very unequal and rough surfaces, my copies of them could not be more distinct than those taken by the travellers beft)re mentioned. They appeared to me nothing more than the names of persons who have passed that way. Yet, as they are unknown in Europe, I shall gi\e some of them in the account of my tra\'els, with di\'ers well-written hieroglyphics which I found in these deserts." Descriplion de V Arabic, Copenh. 1773, p. 85. Those who reflect on the fatigue of caravan-travel- ling in these parched countries, so feelingly detailed in Mr. Ir- win's late journey over land from Suez to Cairo, may perhaps think it very extraordinary that Pilgrims should consume the little leisure such journe}s afford in attaching themselves to a rock (even the shady side) at the height of 12 or 14 feet, to carve letters, which, while they are described to approach nearest to the Hebrew of any known character, are intended to be repre- rented as having no more meaning than the scrawls of children with clialk on a wall." This note is Mr. Gouph's. * Dr. Robert Clayton, advanced to the Bisiioprick of Killala, Jan. 23, 1729.. was translated to the see of Cork, Dec. li), 1735, and to that of Clogher, Aug. 2o, 1745. He ^vas Fellow of the Boyal and Aiitiquju'ian Societies; was alv.ays considered as a prelate of great learning, and of distinguislied worth and pro- bity j and died, mucli laniciited, Feb. 25, 1/58. His publica- tions arc, 1. A Letter in the Philosophical Transactions, No. 461, p. 813, giving an acconiit of a Frenchman, 70 years old (at Iniriianan, in his diocese of Cork), who said he gave suck to a child. 2. " The Chronology of the Ilebi-ew Bible vindicated; the Facts compared with other antient Histories, and^the diffi- culties CT^^lained, f.-ora tlie Flood to the Death of Moses ; toge- thei- V'ith soiiic Coiuecturcs in relaliur. to iigvpt, during tliat Period of Tiuu; : alsO two Maps. In waicli are attempted 10 be settled t:ie .Tou;:ie\ ings of the Chi'u'.reu of I.-:rael, 1751," 4to. S. " Am inqiarli;'.! Jnquiry into the Time, of the Coming of the filc^siah ; togctiicr wJLh an Abstract of tlte Iv.idence on which tliu Belief of the Christian llcligion ' s foui; le.l; in two Latteis to uPi eiiiiuent Jew, 1751," Svo. !. "An E.-!say on Sj;irit j wh.r^'iii tiie Doctrine of the Ti-'nit;. !- coi^r-idcii d in the Light of LN;ilnre ;uid Reason ; as well ;;-; u\ ii;e Li.-;ht in wii'ch it v\ur h..Id hv the antient Hehrciv.s ; coiniv/iv* cl also with the Doctiir.c (,{ ti.e Gid and New Testa, ueut ; to^vther \\i;h some Remark.: (;u the AthauLisian and Nicene Cieeds, 17 51," 8\o. On 1753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 245 Prelate highly esteemed the friendship of Mr. Bow- yer ; honoured him with a regular and not unfre- On this subject Dr. Warburton observes, " Tlie BishoD of Cloi>:her or some such heathenish name, in Ireland, has just published a book. It is made up out of the rubbish of old her(jsies 5 of a much ranker cast than common Aiianism. Jesus Christ is Michael ; and tiie Holy Ghost, Gabriel, &c. This might be heresy in an English Bishop; but in an Irish, 'tis only a blunder. But, thank God, our Bishops are all f;\r fi'(;m making or vendinr^ heresies; though for the good of the Church, tliev liavc excellent eyes at spying it out whenver it skulks or hes liid." I-,'oi\ IS, 1731. 5. "A Vindication of tlie Histories of the Old and New- Testament, iu answer 10 the Objections of the late Lord Bolino-- broke ; in Two Letters to a young Nobleman, 1/52," Svo ; re- printed in 1753. 6. "A Defence of the Essay onSpirit, with Re- marks on the several pretended Answejs; and whicli may serve .-19 an Antidote against all that shall ever ajjpcar against it, 1753," Svo. 7- " A Journal from Grand Cairo to Mount *^iuru, a;;'l back again, &c. 1753," as above; two editions, 4to and Svo. It was soon after this publication that his Lord^hip i>ee vaie (in .\Iarch 175-1) aFellow of the Society of Antiquaii;.-.-. 8. 'Some Tiioaglits on Self-love, Innate Ideas, Free-wi'l, Ti.-ie, Sentiments, Liberty and Necessity, &c. occasioned by reading .Mr. Hume's Works, and the short Tivatise written in French bv Lord Bolingl loke on Comjjassion, 1754," Svo. 9. " A Vindicatli . of the Hst'.M-ies of the Old and New Testame.nt, Part II. \Vh>iein the ,'.is:n, 1755," Hvo. " Having some years ago he; ;i indulu'cd \\\t]\ a copy of the fodowing I^4ters, after souio inr-onuuit'. I Iv.w' at length obtained a j)ermis-iun for theii- pu')ri(;iiin;i ; \vliicli I was the more desirous of, eis 1 a])])rt'h! nd it iijn he of service (o have a friendly debate on one of tiie Sac'r;\i;i.'i;tr^ of the ( i.ureh of England made known; where the ilcn'.er, v.halcMi' p ^ll;^!l determine, will recti vc a pleasure at le,bt in ^ i . i' a (:!- n'e, eoneendng so important an article of jlciiuioii. cu'ii 'l '. ;i \vii;i- iiiit a Ij-.t ueii of its essential cliara .teii.-iic-,, C';ru r.'.- :iiid ( ;in- iit>ui-. ' .iiir.t I t.si'ini'ut of Ml. I',(>u:;':i\ p.'ji'di ii> /... /.!'',<. 1 I. '-.i >jK('ch ma.ie in the iloi-i ;)i" l,.u-i.-' iii !r i:i:i!, : ".Iimi- da_\ , I'll). '2, 175^", fi;r oiiii;;ii;;: ;!. Mc'.iif :uid 'r.ii i,:L-ian Crc!-<1,, i>.:l. ijf ih" Litur.:', o.c. '['.'.<.' in -Iim; i -in: .i .-u the 'i'iihi- s'. h; n ir W.1-; -pt)k< -i, by '). 'v i;,..;." Svo; i!i'-.-.l < niion, 177i. i'.:. "\ WiiUVX '"^ , r.iriili. ( 'Hifiii::!.,-; -.n!!:!' Oli-fi'- v.itions on the Xatiire < f A ::.',( !-, an! lis- >;''tiM J Accmiim; o*" the I'.ll c>:..l Rw;cni])ti;-u i' .N'u'nl.in't. In :i - . i* ~ '>i' l.rt.-.v (,, axoung \()!;leman, J 75'-!," svo. i ic lln>. )) ni-^ i;i' \\\- ' \ iii- dii:atio)j/' witli the "E--"- I'i. --[.ii i' ," v.i;-<' ![:':!: ! 1.. Mr. 246 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l753 quent correspondence*; and presented him with the copy-right of all his valuable writings. In 1753 also he printed " Medals, Coins, Great Seals, impressions from the elaborate Works of Thomas Simon, Chief Engraver of the Mint to King Charles the First, to the Commonwealth, the Lord Protector Cromwell, and in the Reign of King Charles the Second, to mdclxv. By George Ver- tue-|~," 4to. A new and improved edition of this Bowyerj in one volume, Svo, 1759 ; with some additional notes, and an Index of Texts of Scripture illustrated or explained. A good Life of Bishop Clayton has (since this note was first compiled) been given in the Biographia Britannica, vol. III. To which may be added the following paragraph from an unpub- lished letter of John Earl of Cork to the Rev. Mr. Duncombe, dated March 11, 1758 : "The Bishop of Clogher died in a lucky time for his earthly welfare. The people were enraged against him to a sanguinary degi-ee. He might have fallen a victim to the imj.'ious rabble, whose piety never is so high as when it tends to do mischief." * That Bishop Clayton's confidence was not misplaced, will appear by the following Letter, which was sent by Mr. Bowyer to Dr. Bradley, the celebrated Astronomer Royal : "key. sik, Nov. 9, 1758. " Before the Bishop of Cloghcr died, he fell under the censure of some Astronomers, for having asserted that the Moon kept rtlitive both to his Art atid the History of England, an' no less iii-lin''.uisued by tlie amiable sincerity and Integrity of liis hearr,, wiis born in the pari-h of St. Mia'tin in ihe Fields, In his " V,iKlicai.ion of tbe Old and Nsw Testament," Tart 11. IGS4. 175^1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 347 Work, with a valuable . Appendix by Mr. Goiio-h, 1684. His parents, he says himself, were more honest than opu- lent. After serving three or four years as part of an apprentice- ship with a master who engraved arms on plate, and had the chief business in London ; but who, being unfortunate, retired to Fi-ance, his native country ; Vertue entei-ed into a seven years* engagement with Michael Vandergucht ; engraving copper-plates for him ; till, in 1709, having recei%ed instructions and advice ft'om several Painter^, he began business for himself, and pushed the first year in drawing and engraving for boolcsellers. He was earlv in life distinguished l:y Mr. Prior; v lio, in his li'.ies on Tom Britton, joins Vertue with Sir Godfrey Kneller. He was also introduced to many persons of taste and e.iiinence; which gave a shining appearance to the morning of his fortune. His mother was left a widow, with several children. " I was the eldest," he says, " and then the onlv child that could heljj th.em ; which added circumspection to my atFairs then, as v.eil fis in- dustry to the end of my life." At intervals lie jjractised dra ving and music; and studied the French, Italian, autl Dutch i.inpuages. LordSomers employed him to engra' c a plate of Abp. TilU/tson; which he pei-formed admirably, and was nobly rewarded. In 17 1 1 he was one of the first members of the Aendemv of Painting then established, of which Sir Godficy Kneller was at the hrad ; and he continued till the end of that year to engrave portraits fi-om Kneller, Dahl, Richardson, Jervase, Gibson, and others. On the accession of the present Royal Family, hs engraved an admir- able likeness of the new King, from a painting b\ Kneller, of which many thousands were sold. It was shewn at Court; and followed by portraits of the Prince and Frince-s. He comn^'^nced his re-earches after the lives of British Ar(i.--ts so eaily as 1713; and soon found a Maecenas in that munifkent cnllrctor Robert Harley, the second earl of Oxford ; and another j-Htron in He- neage Finch, earl of VVinchelsea; who, having 1;t-e)\ eiecred Presiflcnt of the Society of .\ntiquaries on their .e\i\al in 1717, appointed ?Jr. Vertue, who was a men!i)or, to b" tiieir ICngiuvei-. He continued to exteate the SocietvV joints iill his (k-a^h ; i-.r.d the prices of some of his eailicst peifonnances ibr tin ni ^.wp : 1718. P.ichard II. in VVebtmin^ter Aljl^ey, cc.i-jKr-plalc in- eluded yi/.; 1719. Llphus's Horn '21 ; 17'21. Shiine of Edward the Confessor (th^ S()(i'fy fimi;.! the plate) 15/. ITxf. ; Waltham (.'ro.-s, including paj)er and \voikin!;--(/li .")/. 5 Michn.'l V;uidersruclit drcfl Oct. IG, \\ !'>. a-. G;. H- Vfi. fo . ..|i^; 1, John, ail ei'.nn-iver of some cmiiieiKc : u!.i).-r ciilv sdn jici jiiiiei., tr. of the <';irii(st suicUnts in the R<>v:.| Acmlniiv , x,.i>. .Irov, ned. i. nn^i -.ii - from Chi.snick, Sept. Hj, I7y4. "'., (..nml. .i^-ilkiMU.,, l- ,! , ,., ,.;,- tuns in Gri^av Hrook-trcet ; v.lio rlir.l March 1^, 177''; ^^nc 1 > i'U-tun^ and LriMiZcs win- 'old bv ( hri^tic in i;:?. ) h-' v,r''>'y. . f (.i-ri-l iv v.hnm he had 3<) ciiiUhciv died at raddin-tor., .Niarth IH, I'M', ii- h- r ggthyear, 248 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l753- and two additional plates finely engraved by Basire, He also engraved the Oxford Almanacks from 1723 to his death ; and embellished them by views of jjublic buildings and historic events. The visits he paid to most of the galleries of the NobiUty, and to the. Universities, in search of English por- traits, suggested a design of engraving a great variety of them, as well as of historic prints. With Loid Colei-ane, one of his noble patrons, he visited Salisbury, Winchester, and Stonehenge; with Mr. Stephens the Historiographer, St. Alban's, Verulam, and Gorhambury ; with the Earl of Oxford, after passing a week at Wimpole, to Stamford, Buikigh, Grantham, Lincoln, and Welbeck} and in 172S he accompanied the Duiie of Dorset to Knowle and Penshurst. In 1 730 appeared his twelve heads of celebrated Poets ; and that he had taken some considerable pains respecting the authen- ticity of them, appears from the follo\A ing letter : " Mr. Christi.^n, Pray inform my Lord Harley that I have on Thursday last seen the daughter of Milton the Poet. I car- ried with me two or thz'ee different prints of Milton's picture, which she immediately knew to be like her father ; and told me her mother-in-law (if living in Cheshire) had two pictures of him, one when he was a school-boy, and the other v.hen he was about twenty. She knows of no other picture of him, because she was several years in Ireland, both before and after his death. She was the youngest of Milton's daughters by his first wife, and was taught to read to her father several languages. Mr. Addison was desirous to see her once, and desired she would bring with her testimonials of being Milton's daughter ; but, as soon as she came into the room, he told her she needed none, her face hav- ing much of the likeness of the pictures he had seen of him. For my part, I find the features of her face very much like tlie prints. I showed her the painting; I have to engrave, which she beheves not to be her father's picture, it being of a brown com- plexion, and black hair, and curled locks. On the contrary, he was of a fiir complexion, a little red in liis cheeks^ and light brown lank hair. Geo. Vj-:rtue." After this, he again ^i6ited Oxfoixl, Gloucester, Buiford, Ditch- ley, Blenheim, and Cunibridge; and soon after published tlie portraits of King Charles I. and his loyal adherents j and was- employed thiee years by the Knaptons in iUustrating Rapin. The name of Mr.Vertue is enrolled in the list of the Gen- tlemen's Society ai Spalding; and that he v.;is an attentive cor- responding member the following letter, adilrcssed to Maurice Johnson, junior, esq. the Secretiuy of that Society, will testify. " DEAR SIR, London, July ^9, 173'2. " Yom- kind and obliging letter has much more than repaid the courtesy you intended me of a visit, which I could no wavs expect but with your con\eniency, when you had spare time on your hands. Though that may not happen so soon as I desire it, still yom- kind and friendly sentiments on t]\o.'-e few things I ha\e heretofore shewn youj encouraged me tb.vn to \vish for an on per- ^753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 249 was printed, by the Compiler of these "Anecdotes," opportunity of hearing your opinion about some others lately come into my hands, and that I know not how long they may continue with me, they being marbles, Roman, with inscriptions, and two antique brass statues. Our Society lias adjourned. Mr. West is gone to France. Messrs. Gale are out of toun. But, in relation to vour request, I wish this sketch [of Roger Bacon] may be of an v' use. The original, from w)iich I drew that I have, is painted in oil- colours ; upon a thick board ; the ground blue, the habit of a dark or black j the whole picture not quite so big as the life. It is now at Knowle, the seat of the Duke of Dorset, in Kent. With this picture of Bacon is also, in the same gallery, many other learned men of early time in Europe : all probably col- lected early in Qute^n Elizabeth's time, by Tliomas Sackville, afterwards Earl of Dorset, and Lord Treasurer before he died ; a nobleman excellent for his great learning and other noble en- dowments. His picture I am now about to engrave : and that of his great-grandson, tlie right noble Duke of Dorset, now Lord-lieutenant of Ireland. I have lately made a tour for a few days, and liave seen Mv. ^ViUis's Collection of English Coins ; which are very perfect, and in great number ; esjjcciallv amongst his silver, he lias a great many scarce pieces. And in my ramble have seen those admirable remains of the Amndel Collection of marbles, statues, busts, allai's, bas-relievos, Slc. now in the possession of the Lord Poinfret ; with many other fine paintings, there and other places. Mr. Folkes is in Norfolk. For his use I borrowed a small piece of goM, a coin of King James the First, from Mr. Willis ; b'lt still want one small piece more, to complete a plate of ti^at King's coin that I am about, (that in) a quarter-piece of gold of Ki;ig James, with jacob. o. g. ANG. SCOT. IK. HiB. REX. ThpoC pivOAs v.'cre coined in the very begiaiiing of hi- reign. The wli^de an:! tl\e half-piece, e have ; but waiit tlie quarter. The oth^-r sceplje pieces have mag. brit. i'li. &.C. whieli were struck the .'->(cc: eding years of his reign. Sir, wishing you all the j>!->a-nre ofs'v^^ing daily im;)i'oveinent in your young Academists, ih it '.'.r y ma\ cultivate so fine and rare an oi)portunily, and dirijnguish t!i;^iii-,tl.e"^ to the world in a virtuous and ciuiuent degree, iliat \\e may botli live to >!(; it, tliat you ma\have the f Hc'iv of tli-ir gr<.teful ac!;n')wledg;uenl.-, i<, clear Sir, trie h^'ai'l/ wkh-js of your adoetioiiatc and obliged humble servant to coia!K..;i.l, (ino. VcKri.'i;.'" In 1733 Mr. Beaup'-e Bell mti.'ious Mr. Vcitue as '-iKuin::: more I)usiiiess ujjon his hiP.ds !h:i'i iic could d'~;':iti-'ii ; and, being unacquainted v^/th tlie ;u)hi-'viatioi;-, cxc fjiie.il 0:1 !ip niie 1 :Im.;u- Cale to St. Albau's, \orliM,.r;o:, .^m ' ^'. ''V i'-.v ; un 1 io i;..; tiie i:aH of L,!ce>ier cu-iie-! lo-i In I' ;;:;irr. lli.-. i.;-, IWr portraiis at that pr risd ii.ay b: ^k'VUj ' :>i.u IV i.u \.:-^ a;i ^^e^ io a 'a 250 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [^TSo* ill 1780 ; and a copy of the Work, with Notes by question from Dr. Z. Grey, July 19, 173/': " INIr.West is a gentle- man so much my friend, that I can't forget easily any recommen- dation from him, and on his account (if it was not my own inch- nation) I should use every one civily. What you propose to have done I can't justly be certain as to the expence of engraving ; because for octavo plates, the head only of any person, I have had different prices, as the difficulty or labour is more or less. The general jirices 1 have had for such works, has been 10 guineas, 8 guineas, and 6 the lowest, fiom pictures, paintings being done indeed, when from a print bigger or lesser than is already engraved, it may cost a fourth or fifth part less, or near there- abouts. In respect to a print, if it be any noted one, I can soon send you a certain answer, if you please to let me know your intention ; and shall think it no trouble, if you pleiise to direct 41 line as before to, Sir, your respectfid servant, G. Vertue." At the end of this year he again \ isited Oxford ; and thence went to Corapton Verncy, Warwick, Co\ entry, Birmingham, and Colcshill, to Mr. Sheldon's at Weston, to Blenheim, Beacons- field, Windsor, luid Eton. In 1738 lie made a tour through Kent, Sussex, and Hampshire, v isiting Rochester, Canterbury, Chichester, Portsmouth, Southampton, and ^V'inchesterj and thence to Petworth, Goodwood, Stansted, and Cowdray, of which he nvcule various sketches and notes. He next engaged with Mr. Knapton in engraving the Illustrious Heads ; and in 1739 ac- companied Lorci Colerane to Walpolc in Norfolk, who carried him toWansted, Moulsham, Gosiieid, St. Edmund's Buiy, Sir Andrew Fountaine's, Hougliton, and Lynn. In 1 740 he published Propo- sals for a very % aluable series of historic ])riuts ; and copied, for the Eail of Oxfoi'd, Queen Elizah-eth's Progress to Hunsdon, most ex- actly, in water-colours 5 and received for it a handsome pi'esent in plate. He was now at the .summit of his humble wishes ; but his happiness A^as suddenly dashed, by the loss of his noble friend the Earl, June 16', 1741. " Death," says he emphaticallv, " })ut an end to that life that h;\d been the support, eherisher, and comfojt of many, many others, who arc left to lameiU but none more heartily than "\'ertue !" So struck was the poor man with this signal misfortune, that for two years tiso'e is an hiatus in his history he had not spirits e%'er to be minute. He re- vived in 1743, by the favour of the Duke of Norfolk 5 for whom he engraved the large plate of tlie Earl of Arundel and his family, and collected two volumes of the \\'ork of Hollar. The Countess Dowaaer of Oxford alleAiated to him the loss of her lord ; their daughter the Duehvss of Portland befriended him ; as did tlie Duke of Poitland ai\d the l^ari of Burlington; and he, for a Aery short time, fmmd a Koyal Patron in Fredei'ick Prince of Wales ; who died March '20, 1751, and whom Vertue most pathetically laments. He lost his friends ; hut his piety, mildness, and in- genuiiy, never forsook him. He laboured almost to the last, Kolicitous to leave a decent com])etence to a wife with wjiom lie Jiad h'.'cd manv vcars in tender harmony. The 1753.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 251 Mr. Gough, has been transmitted to the Bodleian Library. The three following letters to the late Dr. Ducarel, now first printed from the originals^ are highly characteristic of the man : 1. " DEAR SIR, Tuesday, Sept. i, 1750. Some day last week I called at your house in Doctors Com- mons, and was told you were expected in town at the end of the week. I doubt not Mr. Gale wiili you made your tour to Cam- bridge ^'ery a^'reeable ; and you saw Mr. Barronglis and Dr. Taylor J who I did write to, and sent a sketch, as you advised (but not a word of answer). The strangest thing is that from Glocester, after so long time and repeated letters on the account of the Cross. Tliat yet (altiiough you ha\e advanced the two guineas) after ail this, and positive notice of having sent up the drawing, that you cannot yet get the sight of it, is surely be- yond all comparison of things of tiiis nature. To be sure, your trouble of writing again, as j'ou intend soon, is absolutely neccs- fcary. I am very nmch obliged to you for the particidai's of the Font at lAiton church. I do not remember any thing of that kind J but in Norfolk in some churclies stone i'onts, with very high pinnacle wooden spires, mighty riclJy adorned and carved; but I do not remember any seats in them that 1 have seen; tliere- fore a draught of it, with a sCide of tlie dimensions, woidd be very proper, to exhibit its form and riianncr of structure. In my visit to Oxford I met with several IVicnds. The iirst da\ there I saw Dr. Browne Wiiiis, and parteti. He went to the Bishop of Oxford's that day. I was uitli the President of St. John's ; saw Air. Wise ; and went, with liim ar.d anotlier gcnt!cn;an or two, to observe some old buddings, part of the old Christ Church; now snid to be remains of tlie S;rvOn structure, by Dean L}'ttel- ton. Mr. Lediieullicr and ?dr. \Vise ;u-e come into that notion, that all sucli sort of buildings are S,i:-:on, and by them erected, before the Gothic order w.is in n-^e ui' fasiiion in these !ungdom.s , whereas it has long been tlioiigla, that there is very little or no remaip.s of itoae buildings br-fore the Conipu^-l. However, if this thongiit takes pLice, and tli-v em eonlirm th;nr ojunion^- by necc.--arv undciialile prooil-, we b.-^ ond c\j)ectution had manv and multitudes of tho,-" -oit ol' b'.r.luirjgs iT.de and unpio- portionab!e in thrii- gales, pilhivs, ;nid w in;hAv>, iiinnnypnis. Some sueh exactly that the other d;'v i)':--iiig bv Smilliiii'l.-i, in old St. Bai-lholoaiew's ch'.u'ch, iou;.;!'.-a il i> .-aid by Rnlirruv savs John St(nv, ahou; llO'i, near o.;(^ 'uMiuhvd year- al'irr tl:e Noi-inan Conqucit, in Ilrury tlie Tn'-t's time ; uhx'Ii liki> >');ii part of the Wiute Tower. Lomlon ; l);il very ilillercnt iVoiu the Temple church, and St. ( nil.he;;'^ cinirr:], Durham, ionnrlcd .soon' after ("neCoiujuest, and iini-hfd a'>n n IPK), ilowun! i; lie pnsdble to reconcile t!i; -e tiuT-,' -:ir;- ol' -.iruetun r tlio-; / ' f Savon) bei^)re tiie Xornan^, ;lu' n;::.Mivr of -^'mi-:- bnildin;.:- hey l)i-)U^ht in u ,,:w-'lye rie, ,1 that the stafdv Gotliic nrun-.er U:.>\ \A;\v in n,M_,t y.:y\.. of ih-o Western kin:rdoni>r Bui (ime, a;,d,in I on; n i -n^andr nnpi- 252 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l755 A new Edition of Mr. Kurd's Commentary on Horace's " Epistola ad Auirustum," &c. 8vo. risons by curiovis Antiquaries, "will most likely ascertain these j-et unfixed discoveries. It is sonietlung- strange tliat, after so strict enquiries, so many \\ ays, and i)y friends acquainted with books, that this small book gives an account of a most anticnt structure of large stones, elevated in a large circle, mortized and tenanted overthwait eacii other tis those at Stonelienge, still remaining in Frizeland, and described in a printed account, with the figure thereof, by . . . Picart, a QergvTnan living there, by this pamphlet, quarto, dated KiOl. In this book he says, from the best inquiries he could make aie said to ha\e been erected by the Heathen Saxons, who came through that country Conquerors, in their way to England, wni re he heard they had erected such another monument on Salisbury [)lain. I had almost, being in haste, forgot to mention that Mr. Wise's brotiier is dead, and was, not long before I came to Oxford, buried. I dined one day with Dr. Gregory, canon of Christ Church, when it was resolved to fit up and finish the library in Christ Church. Also the same workmen had orders from the Vice-chancellor to finish the middle of the Picture gallery, where the statue of the Earl of Pembroke is, to place there Mr. Willis's cabinet of coins. 1 should have had more pleasure, and of news to tell you, but I was detained several days waiting for the Vice-chancellor ; who WT.3 not at Oxford v. lien I came ; which prevented my intention of sparing two or three days to wait on Sir Clement at Rousham, and once more to have seen that pleasant seat and fine collection. Geo. Vertue." 2. '' DEAR SIR, August thefirst, 1754. I mentioned to yoii, when last I had the pleasure of seeing you at my house, that I had a pictvue of King Edward the Sixth ; which having found, and cleaned Uj) with the fr;une, I have sent to you if you iike it. 1 tliink it may be worth half a guinea. At least I will take half a ci'ovvn less, of you, if you please. Your obliged humble senant and friend to command, Gf.o. Vertue. " BIrs. Duplessis sent to me, to [)ay me Lord Coleraiie's le- gacy pO?. for Kiom'ning] ; which I have recei\ ed of her," 3. " DEAR SIR, IVedncsday, Srpt. 4, 1754. ^'This, I hope, will find you well, wishing some opportiriiity at your leisure of seeing you tins vacation ; and to shew vou a paper relating to the riistory of the Savoy Mouse and ilos- ])ilal in the Strand ; and concerning its dissolution, in the year 1702, by a process of the Lord Ciiancellor, with the seveial iJoctois of the Commons ; which is the reason I otFer it to your perusal, if it be agreeable to you ; if not, it niav be considered V lietlier a copy of it will be u.-eiul for the explanatory note to these jnints of the Society's done of the Savoy; more especially if it v.nl engage ^our curiosity to see it, and what therein is menlioned of tlie Doctors in Commtms that personally attended that Couiiuission, I am yet so lame, by weaknes- Jn my legs, that 1 can- 1753-1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Q'cy " The Princi])les of Natural and Revealed Reli- gion occasionally opened and explained; in a course I cannot go abroad. Mr. North was in town ; and last week iie was with me, and returned my MS. concerning- the former Anti- quaiy Society. This, witli hearty re.spects and best wishes, i.s presented from. Sir, your obliged friend, &c. Geo. Vertue." Tlie death of his last patron, Frederick Piince of Wales, and a declining state of health, put a i)eriod, in 1756', to a life of unremitted industiy and zeal for tracing out and preservin"- British Antiquities. He was buried in the Cloisters of Westmin^ ster Abbey, where a marble monument is thus inscribed : " Here lies the body of George Vertue, late Engraver, and Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He was bora in London, IGS4 ; and departed this life on the '24th of July, 175G, With manners gentle, and a grateful heart. And all the genius of the graphic arc ; His fame will each succeeding artist own, J-,onger by far than monuments of stone." Vertue applied himself so much to Portrait-engraving that we have upwards of .500 portraits by him. Yet Mr. Gil])in, in his " Essay upon Prints," says, that " he was an excellent Antiquarian, but no Aitist ; he copied, with painful exactness, in a dry, dis- agreeable manner, without foi'ce or freedom : in bis whole col- lection of heads we can scarce pick out half a dozen which are good." The foregoing remark (which appeared in my former edition) produced soon after the following letter from an inge- nious friend : " SIR, Au::;nst 1, 1/82. Mr. Gilpin asserts, that 'Virtue the Purtrait-tiigraver was no Arti.-,t ; that he copied with painful ex;ictn: ;-., in a ciry di-agree- able inannoi', witliout force or freedoui,' ike. The knowletlge (I think) I have of the Ails, and tl.c re-ivct I ])ossc-s for \\\v memory of Mr. Vertue, forces mo to tiiiiik, that ,Mr. ('i!])iii hu-i -Stretched the bow-string wilh too tt'n;e a h;uid. 'l".- Irite. lii.ii his Engravings from the jnctures of tlie Holbuiiis w;int i'i-rc ;.;;,) relief; but tliis cannot reflect discredit (;n the .\i'ti-l, tii ii'i;.:i- nals being singularly defective in llio-;; ]>ail!i'u';ir-. 'J"i- m.i from the Arti^i's worst pfjifonna-.icc ilia; jadicioii^ rr'il.-.- iV.u.ii a criterion: (lo speak with tiie i'oct) t';ey " call i)v.- in'>i'it- fMi'th, And give each dc";! t!i' r\:!fl iuu;!)-!" '.\..rt!i. ' I believe, if the iv\eninl g- ntlrina;! Ka 1 ai icinliv! mo to tiiose ciigraviiigs (>." .Mr. Vrrti'.'^ (().: I !V(-ii Kri'llci ot'K'is more luo.lt r;i, ]i v.oul'l n/'kno',-- iclg V.nuf t,) | int-rJl: as au Aiti-t in \\v ;T;a; iii;- I';"'. I -'n^ \s'\--\\\\\i .i 3ii";,, \vliicii 1 ])'-: uTviJU Vi ;.cc( im ; ...A ii'M'^ 1 uo m-; p; do-. 254 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l753' of Sermons preached before the Honourable Society of Lincohi's Inn, by the Rev. JMr. Warburton, in saying the head you rercivc of Lord Somers] has cquid merit Avith that of liira engraved by tiie jutstly celebrated Houbi'aeken, in Birch's Lives. Many more instances I can produce, but ^vishiug not to be tedious, subscribe m3self, &c. Tho. Nicholls." Mr. Vertue woviid have had more admirers as an engraxer, if his style had been more S])irited. But tlie Antiquiiry and the Historian, who prefer ti"uth to elegance of design, and coo'cct- iiess to bold execution, have properly appreciated his works, and have };laced that ingenious artist, in point of professional indus- try at leiist, next to his ]):edeccssor Hollar. '^I'he late Earl of Oiford (better known as Horace Wal{)olc) was well acquainted with, and hiis done justice to his modesty, his industiy, his good sense, and his piety. After the death of Mr. Yertue, he ])ur- chased his notes and sketches ; digested the valuable materi- als, winch the Artist had got together with great labour and expence ; formed them into an interesting " Historical Cata- logue of Engravers ;" and closed the whole with a copious List of Mr. Vertue's Works. By this means he has offered up a grateful tribute to an ingenious countryman, who had done the. same for that invaluable artist Winceslaus Hollar. A portrait of Mr. Aertue, engraved by T. Chambers, from a painting taken by Mr. Richardson in 173S, isgi\enin LordOrford s fourth quarto volume, p. 113. Mi'. Stevenson of Norwich possesses a sjnrited head, merely a protile, of Mr. Vertue, in chalk, also by Richaidson, 1735, demy quarto size ; also a half-length, octavo size, by himself, 17-11 , slight, but well touched in chalk, hohling a minijitvire of tlic Earl of Oxford, sitting in a library, before a table, on wl.ich are prints, coins, and medals, palate and pencils, engraving tools, &c. Charles the First's bust o\ cr the chimney-]>iece, and in a little ornamental compartment " Honor alit artes ;" face three-quarters ; which, with the bcfore-uicutioned sketch of Friar Bacon (p. 249), nvdy probably hereaftei' be gi\en to the publick. Mr. ^'ertues books, prints, and dvav^ings, were sold by auc- tion in March 17^7 ; ^s were his pictures, models, plaster and wax imjires^ions, iimrrJngs, coins, and medals, in iMav the sam'"^ year. Aiaong ti;o MS.S. which v,c:c purchased by Pilr. ^^'alpole was one entii'c AOiunie on Engli.-!i t(;i)\s. His v.idow Margaret presented the Sccitt}- of Antiquaries v.ith a number of his plates of Enah->h Antiquitie.-; ; and they purchased of her his large his- toric plates, allv.lich tin y Isiv.e repubiished. Mrs."\'ertue died ?davchl7, 177<>", in i;er ;fjih year; and tlie lenraindcr of Ids plates aiid prints wtic .-:;1J by Mr. Langfoi'd in 177(-> ^ind 1777- l\lr. Fold iu the Ha}n-.;ui-.i -old by ;;uctiwn, in 177(J, the di'aw- iugs ()f hi:- liro'iier Jan:r.-j; v. ]\o lia'' fc'h.wed the profession of a painter at iJuUi, \\hcre he then ditc', aljout 1703. ^ Tlii? and .Mi'. Tillji.scn arc rt.'''ji!y iuhnirable poitraits. J. X. Preacher 1753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 255 Preacher to the Society *. Volume the First -[-," 8vo. The second was printed in 1754 (when these Ser- mons will be further noticed). In this year, as an answer to a commission which Mr. Bowyer had undertaken for his friend the llev. Samuel Pegge, he wrote the following Letter ;{: : * " This reputable i>iece of preferment," as Dr. Warbuilon styles it in a letter to Mr. Hunl, March '^24, 1/63, he had the sa- tisfaction of obtaining for his friend in a manner hig'iily reputable to all parties. "The salary,"' says Dr. Warhurton, " is only 311. a term, that is, \2il.; and the chambers, which let for 30/, Perhaps you would keep the chambers in your o\\n hands. So that it reduces it to the 124/. out of which your assistant is to be paid, which may amount to '241. or 30/. a year, at half-a-guinea a sermon. But it is not the money, which now you do not want ; but the station, which is the thing. You ha\ c commons in the hall with the benchers in terni-tiuie, wliieh is the only time of your residence."' " I hope tl.e I'reacher-hi)j mav be made easy to you by the means 1 propose. Vou need not douljt of your being liked as for your Hking, when I consider how easily you accommodate yourself, I do not doubt of that neither." Oct. 9, 1765. Ag-ain, Oct.3\. " What you suspect, Mr. Yorke intends to request of you. I received a letter ho\n him by this post, in which are the.-e words : It will be an elertion unnnmovs ; but as little attentions please, I shall endeavour to prcTail itprm him, when I have the pleasure of seeing him, to mount timber on Sunday, as a complimfnt to them. 1 believe I may be more prevalent with you than this great man, though so much your friend, when 1 tell you, that in the very self-same circumstanee.<, J wiiii prevailed upon by Lord M;'.nshrld, to viouut timber the Sunday before the election, as a coinpiiinrAt to thttn." Again, Nov. 14. " I tiiink von are quite rij_':lil to u ;> your ov.n cham- bers. The IJenciiers, 1 am sure, will h- vct'v ready to n;:ike aiu improvements for your accommodalior'. -. ilic lu^t lectupT wlio condescended to usethi-m b<'iwg an Arcbhl.^' >!>. Mr. "^'oik.' r:.;ty be right in your not being t(jo punctHuius ;;!)out sciiiiou.s, at i'.y-^'.. Liat lake care not to accu:-toin tlniu i<) /; w/vv 0/ sx-irrcfi'^ati '; . for, its jjurilanical as (Iky are, they lla^( a i;p ;i" ii.-.;ik .ii..; aficr tliat I'o]ii-.h doctrine. " i' In a prel':il(,iy inhC)i()ii(in to tlic w(i:-l;ii,rul Mii-'- i "'' the jkiu 11, Mr. Warbuiton xcrv liand-ome'y ;uk:;f)\\ ImI;;-!-. \\<< oi>l! gali(jn3 for the bunoiw done hiiu. ai il;- last v:t> liuy, o.'i tlu gentrous ofi"ry v:ilvi;tl.;" '\;: jl ,- S;'. .011 li.UKiius. I. A (I'li.i ( )ill iil till- I't . I. !)lo'iM'.il (,.);;! I. in a I.ettci- to Martin 1 oHu-, \'.-'.\. lit- I'l' -; I- u' o!' tl^ |;,>>.i! ^oilMv and Trlldss of tbe Sor.civ if Am iMUaries 'i]><<;\ (..i.i- ^5^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l/SS- REV. SIR, March 10, 1753. You wait with impatience to hear the result of the Society's dehherations concerning your book. Dr. Ducarel moved for its being printed ; but was soon over-ruled, it being observed, that if they printed any one book, many would be soon offered them, and they should be under a necessity of dis- obliging some by a partial refusal. They came, therefore, to a noble resolution to print none. Dr. Squire *, who was present, said handsome things of vou, that he doubted not but your Work would be a credit to the Society; but he was strong against opening the door for solicitors for the press. 1 sup- pose they will confine themselves to their own works ; viz. some ])ictures, and a list of names ; a copy of someAvhat dug out of the earth, any where but from the closet of the brain. I have corrected in your MS. the passage you speak of. You had penned your compliment to Mr. Casley in other words ; viz. hi/ the favour of my much esteemed friend Mr. Caslei/. But, that no punctilio might be lost, I have added, of the LEARNED and mif much, &c. I have desired Bathurst^l^ to send you the Causes of the Declension of tlte Roman Empire; to which I wrote a Preface, which may serve for any book, and was at first only designed to lengthen this. But I had no concern in the Translation, and no property in the Book. However, if you see any mistakes in mersham, 1751]. 2. A Silver Coin in the Possession of Mr. John White [dated Whittington, 1751]. 3. A Gold Coin in the Possession of Mr. Simpson, of Uneoln, in a I-.ctter to Mr. Ver- tue [dated Godmer.-liar.i, 1751]. 4. A Jewel in the l^odleian Library [no place or date]. 5. Second Tlioughts on Lord Pem- broke's Coin, in a Letter to Mr. Ames, Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries [dated VVhiltin:rton, 1755]." 'i'hese Dissertations v,ve prefaceil by a question, candidly debated \vit!i the He v. George North, "Whether the Saxons coined any Cold ?" * A fter\^alds Bishop of St. Dcivid's. f Ml". Charles Bathiirst, successor to Bcnianiin Motte, and many yeiirs an eminent book^eilei- in Fleet-street, opposite St. Diin.^taii's church, lie died Jul\ -1, IJSGj aged 77- the ^753-2 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 257 the Preface, I should he glad to be inf\ rmed of them, only for Truth's sake. Nay, you shall see I will provoke you to it. I think then in your copy, p. l6, you are a little confused in your ideas; or, as Mr. W:trburton would say, you write with less precision than you (iught. *' The coin N^ova Colonia ferolarniiim, &c. f .vo^ne corrections are then freely pointed out ; and 3Ir. B. proceeds^ To return to our subject. All that I propose to be altered is, that when you have proved these sup- posed Saxon coins to be struck in a Roman colony, you will not call them British, or look on tiiem as any marks of British Power, thou^jh they may have the head of one who was sometime an inde- pendent British king. They brought them over, and liad instrumental sei'vitutis etiatn et reges. You have restored the true reading, I doubt not, to several of the Saxon coins ; and, wlien your work is printed, we shall soon have many more. But I will answer for it, you will never have aiiy hght from the Society as a Corporate Body. Some of you are distj-acted with Fellowships and a F<-ather ; and others have designs which are imp Mietrable to me. 1 am, Sir, so, you are still right, and only direct Mr. \'erti;e what he is to do. Time will Ix- lost ingoing to Dr. Mead, Dr. Ducanl, &c. TIk; f\j)ence of ii, lu- says, he can- not tell, b(;fore ho has engrn'cd the wlicdo. 'i he cheapest way will he, imdoubtcdiy, to make all the \'uL. II. S ' fojns 258 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1753. coins ill one plate, as you have drawn them ; and let it come as an ornament in the first page. So much for workmanship, I have a word or two still on the whole design. * A View of the antient and present state of the Anglo-Saxon Coins in the Cotton Library/ is too narrow a scheme. A very little trouble will enlaro;e it. Make it ^ A Catalogue of all the Saxon Coins which have hitherto been disco- vered, now first placed in the order of time ; shew- ing the Errors of Camden, Speed, Selden, and Sir Andrew Fontaine *, and others, who have ascribed many of them to wrong Kings. In which is laid 7. Audulfus, 1753-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 359 Audulfus, which he reads thus, ADVLFI\'S VRln- ccps Slgeberti ^epos. Sigebert was a man of that consequence whom Acla0ius might be proud to own his relation to, as the R( nan Emperors did to Aitgiistus. He was NepQS just as Suetonius says Juhus Caesar was l4viuicuIus to Augustus. This I submit to you, as a reachng not yet hit on ; though you offer some reasons inconsistent with it. *' I find some of our worthy Society have got it in their heads that your Phm is wrong. I do not find they can teU me in wliat. But tlii-. is the effect of makinii- a thing; too common in MS. " The summer is the time for getting yopr book through, so as to pubhsh it in winter. To forward it, since you have apphed to Mr. Vertue, I would advise you to direct him to engrave a plate as a head-piece to a quarto page, only to place the coins closer than you have drawn them. You will direct him to take them from the books you refer to. 1 don't apprehend this need cost above three guineas*. And that ex])ence, I believe, you will venture, what- ever comes of the work, printed or not. If you can draw un one geHer((l Catalogue, as I have proposed, which need not iiuM-ease the book above two sheets, I should like it much better, and think the piiblick would likewise. I am, Sir, your most obliged i'/ivnd and servant, W. Bowviiii." " V.S. I rei't r 1.-. von to give in writing at once full and nlain din^ctiorr^ ahout engraving to Vertue, to save mvself the trouble of going to and fro ; which, in my wrelciied bvisiiie-s, I have vutv little time for: and 1 i'lnd eugiiivers in general bhuider infinitely worse than printers. I have adde, A.D. 17'23, a;tat. anno 61. Juxta etiani conditiis est Ruhfrtus Pitt, A.M. filius eoiTiai r/iitii maximus, parochiie de Ower Moignv. iu hoc couiitatu rector digni.ssiiaii<, ob Ap. die vicL^inio sexto, 1730, ict. anno 37. Ye sacred i-{)irits, Avhile vour fricids distrest Weep o'er vour ii?hes, and lament the blest, Oh ! let ilie pemive Muse, inscribe iiour .stone, And with the general sorrous mix her own [\ ; The penii\e Muse, vvlio, from tiiis mournful hour, Shall raise the voice, and waive the string, no more. Of love, of(hity, this hist jiledge receive 3 'Tis all a brother, all a son, can i^ive." On a veiy small tfimb his own death is thu-> recorded " In mcmoi-v of C'uK. PiTi , clcik, MA. very eminent fcr his taUnts in Pcctry, and yet more for the landour of liis mind, and the pi-iinifive siniiilicity of !ii- nummis. He lived . nodiit and dird IxloNcd, Apriil'), 17 IH, aged l.S.' * Seethe " Kssavs and IlUistratioiib " iuv.il.VI. No. III. t See imder the \car I76H. I Sec untUr tli<- )ear 17<;i. II The two lines in Ifali'-^ ar- a very close imit.itidii of Popr'v < |il:.i|.!i r,ii the Hon. Simon Ilanciirt ; and tlic contludms linf, ot that on tin- Uou. Uobcrt Digby and Uti> sister Marv. bv 562 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l754. by Mr. Wnrburton * ; on the Shield of iEneas, by Mr. W. Whitehc^ad-f-; on the Character of lapis, by the late Dr. Atterbury, Bi-rhop of lloclifster J ; and three Essay?., on Pastoral, Didactic, and Epic Poetry, by tlic Editor." This original production of a bright galaxy of genius was handsomely printed in four octavo volumes. " The Life of Pope Sixtus the Fifth (one of the most remarkable and entertaining Lives that is to be met with in Antient or Modern History;; in which is included the State of England, France, Spain, Italy, the Swiss Cantons, Germany, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the Low Countries, at that time ; with an Account of St. Peter's, the Conclave, and Manner of choosing a Pope : the Vatican Li- brary, the many grand Obelisks, Aqueducts, Bridges, Hos]jitals, Palaces, Streets, Towns, and ocher noble Edifices, begun or finished by him. The whole interspersed with several curious Incidents and Anecdotes, not to be met with in any other Author. Translated from the Italian of Gregorio Leti, with a Preface, Proleg-^mena, Notes, and Appe.idix, by Ellis Farvij'worti) !', ^vLA. some tune or Jesus College, * " Dodsley's Editor.? Juffiidccl to frittrr my Pi^xourse on Vire,-!!''; Sixth Book into Notes, \vhirh I could mii hinder hut by allowing ttiem to tran?crii)e it entire. Bui I have done like convio'n offenders when t-jey are trikcn, impeached my fiiends and a-: com[-!ices. I i-iuc discovered to them where two excellent notes are hid, on a pass-age in the thii'd Gcorgic j which they ha\ seized uj. on with ^--reat eagerness, 'i'he truth of the matter is, I si);;pose this edition of Virtril will be but a guUiui'ntfry (fioni one concernrd in tbe direction of it, Spence, who is an extreme poor creat;iro, and jia-. mt bis rcwai'.l, as all such do) ; and I was wiHinp: to lia^'..' you in with n^e, to keep me in coi.u- tenaare." Dr. Uarhunon to Mr. Hard, May'-ZO, 1753. f See under the year 1 / > 4. + See Bp. Ailerbury's " Epistolary Correspondence, 1790," vol. ! I. p. 428. An aiionvmous iian>laLion of this valuable work had been priniCil in Svo, 1/04. 11 " It w^ould be un^ri'ati-fid in n\v. here to omit my thanks to the Printi r, to whons I an; mnch oblip:cd for maiiy u.sef d hints in the pr(!secution of ihi?) v.ork, and for the tare he has taken in the t^pOi.!:raphicai part of it." Aulhors Prefacr, See an ac- count, of Mr. 1 anicw'-rrh uncjer t]ie year IT^j'^. Cam- 1754.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 36$ Cambridge, and Chaplain to several of his Majesty's Ships during the late War," folio. A new Edition of " Ecton's Thesaurus," improved by Browne Willis, esq. 4to. "^ The Dignity of Human Nature *, or, the Means to attain tlie true End of our Existence," by Mr. Burgh -f-, 4to. * Of tins AoluinC;, So co})!^^; were printerl on fine paper. -f Tliis ingenious Moral and Political Writer was born in Perthshire, in 1714. His father was minist( r of the pai ish ; and his mother was aunt to the famous Dr. Roiiertson. Jte Avas educated in his native villa;re; aii!, being a lad of sprightly parts,, was I'cmoved to tlie U;u\ ersity of St. Andrew with a view to the Scottish Cliurchj but, being obliged to leave college from ill health, and having had some money bequeathed to him, he en- gaged in the linen trade ; in which lie proved unfortunate. I liaA e good grounds for asserting, that, on his coming to London, one of his first employments was^ to correct the {)rcbs for Mr. JBow- yer, and occasionally to compile in-lvxes. This particular cir- cumstance Di'. Kippis glosses over, as if th;; employment had been degrading. " He was engaged in this way," v.\ are told, " about a year." Tlie connexion was of longer du- ation : Init the exact time is of little consequence 5 and I only mention it as a circimr-tance not in any way disreputabb or !ans of life j ])'irticidarly to Mr. On^low, then Speaker of the ifouiC of Commons, wliom he not untV>,-(jU( ntly attciided with tlic> ju'oof-ftluet of Uie V^otes. On quitting Mr. How cv, he became an as-istant in the Fn e Gramnuu' School at M:ir!o-.v ; wh(M-e lie was the uutljor, at the L ginning (.'f 174G, of-' Brii;'.in's Remcmbiancer." Of this pamphlet, in less than two year.-, li'.e large editions were sold in England ; and ii was rein-inted in Scotlacfl, Ireland, and America. It was a^ .ribcd to .sui.diy Bislior* ; quoted both by the Clergy and Dis.senting Ministej= in Their pulj)itS3 and universally allowed lo I>e a srtsoiialIe a;id useful tiaet. Mr. Hai'..er, an e.ninent Diss> ating minister, ^pukc highly (jf it in one of hi.- I^ei'mcjns, and jjubliely tl.:ink< 1 fin' :'utli<)r, tliou';!. unknown, for so ^.casonable anil usef.d a . u'dUch i'tu. A .i\l'i cditiouwas publish' d in 17i>^, for Geoire J''ie<'r, in IJclI- Yarl, I'.inple IJ ir. In tiie prefice riunes in the early part of life Iral detemiiiK'd hini to bri?tg his mind 10 rvlin'TPvnt :iik1 ,1 \( rv moder;''"- income." He veiy soon e\c!ianged iMarlow for a . uiiiar sit; , ii<.n wilh Mr. Kinro.s.-, of KnJield ; and in i; 17 oj)( ned an aca(Ien:\ himself at Stoke Newington ; and pnbliMied in that year "Thoughts on Kdvualion ' Hi-^ next work w;'.r "An Hvinn totheCrcator of the World;" to wlfu h v.a-, added, in ]>r(;M\ ''An Idea of the Creatoi', from his VN'orksj" a second edition (.f wliieli t64 UTERARY ANECDOTES OF [1754- " An Enquiry into Patriarchal an^ Druid ical Religion, Temples, &c. being the Substance of some which appeared in 1750. The house at Newington not being large enoui^h for the number of his scholais, Mr. Burgh reincjved to Newiiigton Gre<}!. in 1750; where for many years he con- ducted his school with great reputation and success. In 1751 he married Mrs. Hai'ding, a widow lady, an excellent woman, and an able manager in his domestic arrangements. In that year, at the request of Bp. Hayter and Dr. Hiles, he published " A Warning to Dram Drinkers." By his next production, " The Dignity of Human Nature," (published in April 1754, and inscribed to the Princess Dowager of Wales, whose " gra- cious condescension voluntarily shewn to the author on \ari- ous occasions" is gratefully acknowledged) he acq\ tired much reputation as a writer. He printed likewise, for the use of his pujils, "Directions, prudential, moral, religious, and scientific 3" wluch 'were piiated by a bookseller, and sold under the title of *' Youth's Friendly Monitor." In 1 756 this work was published by himself in 12mo ; and in the conclusion of an address to the reader, p. xii, he says, " The character of an author is not what I aim at ; that of a faitiiful educator of youth is my utmo.'^t ambition. I ha\ e never taken the pen in hand but when I have been desired or prompted to it ; and if I have got ten poimds by all I have pub- lished, I have got a thousand. I have given an account abo\'e of some of the writings which have been diawn from me ; and how I came to trouble the publick with them ; and the case is the very sanie whY: tl>e others ; as, one or two small tracts on the destructive grievance of low-piiced .spirituoibi liouors, putjli.-hed at the time when that affair was under eonsiiloation in par- liament ; a sort of Faraphrase in Aerse on !ue civth Fsalm, to wiiit b were added a lew };spers in prose, intitided, ' An Idea of the C rraior from Lis VV'orkh,' wiiich was printed for the benefit of ai> or})han, and raised hiin a very jTctty sum ; and some jie- riodical nicrai e.ssr.ys in the papers, ot v-'hich I did not, when I proJcciec> the design, imagine thai any considerable weight vvoiikl be left U[)C)i! me. I am sorry it is ."so necessary for me (o declare, in tld.^ public manner, that my own employment is njy suprenie pursuit, and tiiat it is rot an itcii <)f scribbling that has oocasioned my beina so often in *}ie press j but ihat I hiive been pai ;ly drawn and partly dra^jrvd into it ; and thfit now I ha\ o rea.-on to hope I have neari-'" rione with that ir,o.>t irk.some and imjjvrfit'jhle labour." Tht ;'.ili title of ibis edition was " Youdi's Fiivud'y ?vlonitor; being u .-et of Direciions, pri'.r.Mtial, moral, relis;icus, and sci' mine ; first drann up for a Fare" ell Present by tlie MH.5ter of an /cademy near L(ii.d(m, fo his Pupils on their remo'. ing frcai under his Care. To %\hieh i.- j^refixed, an Aect/.mt of the ex . .ordinarv Proceedings of scsmt Persons, which occasi- oned the l.iblicati.r' cl this Trar t.. contrary' to the Author's ori- ginal Inteniionsj t(;gf4her with Hieophilus, a Character worthy of Imitation," A thousand co[)ies had been printed about the yea.- 1754.J THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 26^ Letters to Sir Hildebrand Jacob, Bart, wherein the Primaeval Institution and UniversaUty of the Chris- year 1753, for the pui-}iose of tlistj ibiitin^ them among his pupils j and some of them, by th iesire of Dr. Hales, were pi-esented to Dr. Hayter, then Bishop of Norwich, for the use of the younger part oi the chil(li> 1 of the Princf ss Dowager of Wales ; which, says Mr. Burgh, " was what gave occasion tirst to my being taken notice of by that most amiabie and illastrious Princess, in a manner fai- enough above what I couki have thought of or ex- pected." In 1758 he printed a pamphlet under the title of " Pohtical Speculations ;" and the same year " The Ratio- nale of Christianity," though he did not publish this last till 176'0 ; when Iv^ imnted a kind of Utopian Komance, intituled, '' An Account of the First Settlement, Laws, Form of Govern- ment, and Police, (jf the Cessai'es, a People of South America ; in Nine Letters, from Mr. Vander Neck, one of the S. nators of the Nation, tQ hi^ Friend in Hcillanri, vAlh Notes by the Etli- tor," S\o. In 176'!2 he published "The An of S];eaking;" a very useful book ia schools, whicii has passed through several editions; ami in ?<;; appf^ared an exci llenr vo'uine in 12mo, under the title of c'ro; or Essays on various Subject-, dedi- cate] ' To the Right Rev. Father in (iod (of three yeais ')ld) his Royal Highness Frederick Bi'^hop of Osnai)ur:!,ii ;" and a second volume oi' the sime w;.vk in 17G7 ; in which year a new edition of " The Dig'iitv of Mirnuu Nature" appeared, in '2 vols, Hvd. Mr. Burgh wrote " Proposals (humbly oiiered to tlie jjublick) for an Association against the inutuitous Practices of Engrossers, Fore-ital!ci"s, Joboers, &:r. ar.d for reducing the Piice of Provi- sions, fcspecial'v Butcl'.fM- Meat, 170"6'," 8\o. Ha\ing for many years led a very laborious life, and having ac(piired a ( oqipetent though not a large foruine, .Mi\ Burgh, do'.enniii'd to retire from busine-5S In embracing liu^ rcsohiiion it wa.-, ')\ no nuans his intention to be uncniployed. V\ liat i;e had jcj'iic-idarly in conleiiipiation was, to compU^te a wo)k, for whicii he had during ten vears been coH'c'lug suilaiile mateiiuls. On quitting his .school at Newington (irt_en, wliicli was in 1771, he settled in Colebrook Row, Islington ; where he continiu-i till his deeea^c. He had not been long in hi-^ new hou-.e, bcf ire h" !)ecanie con- vinced (of what was onlv susjjecud before) tiiat hr had a dreiid- fid malady, tiie stone, which alilictrd him for 'he last foui- yeari of hi- life. Yet, to the asLonishni'nf of liis frii iid-, lie \v s e\|)i ctcd not toexceedsiA, ' l-'oli!ie:d l)i~([uisitions, or, an Att. nipt todetide tile most interesting Political Foiin-a:z. it;-!! inthe- I'inie-.iii order to open the eves of the F((|>le, .uul . nai.i" tli in to ;:uard against their most dangrron- iai. nie-, \ i/,. Ty rannieal I'liiaes, Doigning Mini.-lers, foritij)! i'v.rli am -in-, and la!-. I'alriot-^; bydeteiniin- ing, from autheiitic ilitoiv. a.nd the Ojiinion- of nianv of the. be:.t Poliliciaiiij of \ari')u- .\g' - ;iii'.l .\aiioii-, the true Principles a( conl- i66 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l754. tian Scheme is manifested ; the Principles of the Patriarciis and Druids are laid open and shewn to according to which the British Empire ought to be governed, and the Deviations from those Principles committed by Kings, Ministers, or Parliamentsj and by exhibiting Instances of Impo- sitions on the People by their pretended Friends, and pointing out the distinguishing Marks of tnie Patriotism.' Th work, he added, \vill treat of the foRowing, among other subjects, gome more, others less cojdouslr, according to their respective importance ; viz. Army, Aristocracy, Arts, Associations, Balance of Europe, Commons, Citic^j Colonies, Con'uption, Commerce, Corn, Continental Connexions, Customs, Courts-martial, Demo- cracy, Duties, Duels, Debts, Disaffection, Excise, Education, Favourites, Fn^ancts, Free Ports, Goveninient, Grievances, History, Hospitals, Heroism, Health, Jmies, Juntos, Industry, Instructions, Kings, Law, JJberty, Lords, IManners, IN'Ionarchy, Ministers, Militia, Monopolies, Navy, National Prejr.dices, Parlia- ments, Party, J-'olitics, Prerogative, Privilege, Proper<^y, People, Poor, Placemen, Pensioners, Priest-craft, Population, Provisions, Police, Patriots, Rejjublics, Rcsj)onsibility, Riot-act, Treaties, Union, War, &c. And the Author humbly requests the assist- ance of gentleuicn who have read extensixely on politicks, for directijjg him to any other books, besides the following (from which the maicrials of the work will be extracted) in which he may iir.d uspfnl iiints for the improvement of his plan. Genuine Parliamentary Speeches will be ^ery acceptable." [Then follow a long li-t of Autliors wliich he had studied for that express pur- pose.] 1 he two first volumes of this woi k v,e!-e publisl^ed in 1 77' , and a third in 1/73, under the shortened title of " Political Dis- quisitions ; or. An Enquiry into Pablic Errors, Defects, and Abuses, lllu^tntfed by, and established upon, Facts a)id Re- marks, extracted from a variety of Autliors rtutient and r'^sdern. Calculated to draw the timely Attention of Go\ernnie}it and People to a due Consideration of the Necessity, and the Meau'^, of refonning tliose Errors, Dei'-cts, and Abuses ; of restoriui:; the Constitution, and sewing the Stale." '.Fhe first li^linnc re- lates to Govermnen.t in general ; the second treats of Places and Pensions, tlie Ta\ation of the Colo!;ics, and the Army 3 and the third considers Manners." }Ie was prevented ^i ivsuing the sub- ject farther by tlie violence of his disease} whii-;' carried h'm off, Aug. 2G, 1775, in his 6" Is', year. Besides (lie pubiieations already mentioned, and a great variety of mantiscripts wiiieh he k^fi be- hind him., he wrote, in ]7-'3 and 1734, sou)e letters in the " Gtiieral Evening Post," called ' The Free Encpiirei-," and, in 1770, a number of papers, intiiu]:d " Tlie Constitutionalist, ' Jii " Tb.e Gazetteer.' About the same iinie he also published another periodical paper in "The Gazetteer," called "The Coloni.-t's A;l-.';x:ate." From a long personal kriowledge of Mr. Bm-gh, I ran cnnfjini Dr. Kippis's assertion " that he was a mim of great piety, Inu-grity, and bencoleuce." He had a warmth 1754.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. . 26 J correspond entirely with each otlier, and both with the Doctrines of Christianity ; the eariiest Antiqui- ties of the British Islands are explained ; and an Account given of the Sacred Structures of the Druids ; particularly the ^stupendous Works of Abury, Stonehenge. (Xc, in Wiltshire, are mi.iutely described. By William Cooke *, IM.A. Hector of Oldbury and Didmarton in Gloucestersliire, Vicar of Enford in Willsliirc\ and Chapliin to the Rii;ht Honourable the Earl c'l Suliblk. Illustrated w-ith Copper Plates ; the Second Edition, with Addi- tions ;" 4to. " An Account of a Spiritual Court Prosecution of a certain Bisliop against a Clergyman of his Dio- cese/' 8vo, warmth of hearty which cnt;aa;e .us p'.\-ent ^'.-'ji-sty, wh' n Prince of Wales, and to t^e lat. Vi'ij '-., Dovi-gei' of Wale;, from whom he met wit); a ju;)st .i,!uci.. i- v t eptioii, and with whom he hoi' much di^coiu.^ie, e t ,uv. iubjevl a? eil-.u atlii.i, and otner topics. --A pjio^a^v in tlie ^:-. v^ond voima'' of . n.o," }). '207, illustMaes, in some de^i' . the nuti-re ol' \\-. l<..)\^:i's intervj.-'v witii Uk Princess Df)\va.,'-. of ^\ .' . * Mr. Cooke died at Enl'oi'd, Jh'U 25, 17^0, aftei I'lvijit,- en- joy^^'d that \ic;iraii,'e niOi'e ti; .n it' ncu's. lie pi!M;,;.;d an Ahridiceiiient of Dr. Stukeiey's >ton i: ii!i,c ..v;i /*.lurv, li;,. i.ircd with lluitliin-onianisiU; .iiui aL--o Ciixi'' .;."! i'r;.;). j!> i',!' a mk which, having; been left in tlie )/(.-- :;t hi.-. iL- i a-' \\a- ' 'sn- pletcd I)v hiS son, and publisliod n ij-l, nii'l. the liiie of " The .'S('-dallic Ii'i-torv of Imperii! R mi;; ; i'.M n J; !,. i 'J'li- umviiate, under PouijkV, ( m-sus, :.i, i ( ;.^ ,;, ii> tiio i<:i:';':! of the l:n;)( rial .Sear \t\ ( c.ri'-tunvii.:' tli; ( i. \\"''n -wvil M. ,i;ils anil Co'ii-, a^'cniaiely couiecl and c;!:i* '-!- .':;i iw .' ''u .'liih i.s ]/i'-iiN' '1 ''!) Iniro(hu:' liin . contan i:i' ;'. ' > \n:'l:<-A,' (n. !;/.:!? from llu- chi'.rj^c \)\()',u2,\tf u.-iiuNt 'I'li >\ I'.i'i . ihu no i.i'ii Jrrl '-cvn onc-t!iii-d ;if ilie coiiis r'd!'i'il.' I 1'; ).':! . n\r. \\-r ini'iil of tlic \vork i- j';'icall\ h. ; ncd l)y i'.t- v, . ;. d ,!' >.v m\\\ ,(i,r. ' t eii:.',ia-. iiK:^ (/f tiic foiu-, which aiv for the ii. -; i art lak-i. i'ii:u (.)> IVnihruke coiled ion. Dr. f68 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l754. Dr. Richard Grey's * Translation of Mr. Hawkins Browne's poem " De Animi Imniortalitate," 4to. "Queries to the (jentlenieu of Great Britain/' by the Society of Antiquaries '\'. A Second:}: Volume of Mr. Warburton's "Sermons 5^t Lincoln's Inn ;" with " An Appendix, contain- * Of whom see some account in vol. I. p. 425 ; to which the following paiticulat's may be added. He was matriculated June 20, 1712^ son of John Grey of Newcastle (fil. pleb.) setat. 16; ordained deacon May 1, 1719. Mr. Richard Grey became B. A. May 15, 1716. Kilncote rectory was given him by Lord Wil- loughby de Biooke. In Sept. 1746 he was appointed commissaiy of the archdeaconry of Leicester, having before that time been official of the same. The copy of his Sermon for the Northamp- ton Infirmary he gave to the Society ; and it was sold, by diiec- tion of the Committee, for the benefit of the charity. April 13, 1742, Dr. Rawlinson received an account of Dr. Grey from him- self, for his proposed continuation of the Athenae. Rawl. Ath, Ox. 611. Dr. Rawlinson also mentions " Tabula exhibens para- digmata verbonmi Hebraicorum," &c. (see vol. II. p. 133) in one broad sheet, which was published June 20, 1738. f See these, enlarged, in the first number of " Bibliotheca Topographica Britaniiica," p'rinted in the year 1/80. I A third volume was printed in 1767, hut not hy Mr. Borcyer, under the title of " Sermons and Discourses on various Sub- jects and Occasions, Volume the Third, by Dr. \^'illiam War- burton, Lord Bi-sliop of Gloucester." See some notice of the former volume in p. 255. Wliil&t: Mr. Bowyer was printing these Sermons, he was also employed in a new edition of tlie first vohmie of " The Divine I^egation," and was favoured by the learned Author with the following ob- jurgatory notes: " M?/ 23, 1752. Sir, I never now-a-days send any message that ever I have what I desire complied with. The other day I sent foj- another pro\)f shec^t of the Div ine Lega- tion, and they sent n.e a i>roof of the Sermon. I sent to-day to let you know this Uiistake ; and my man was tokl none was com- mitted, for a proof v)f the Di\ine Legation was sent. In the same paper to-day I desired (as plain as I coukl write) to send me all the sheets that were printed off of the Sermon, and sheet H \\i\s giveii to my servant : and when he said he wanted nUy they told him this was all. In short, they pretend to know what I want better than I do mxself ; and because I have the other sheets before, they won't let me have them svgain. In shoit, T am tired < f sendirr, any message to you ; for it is sure ne^cr to be obsened. W. W. Suiur day noon. [^No date] "I don't send, you the follo\i ing xuimarked gross blunders of the press to uj)braid your carelessness, fur that I have often done without elu ct : but to shev/ you what reason I have to take it ill of \on when I dcsiied \<:n\ to examine those sheets you never sent me : 3 of tlicse 4 biunders are in those sheets, P. xli. 1. 13, should. 1754.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2(Jq t ing Three Sermons preached on the Occasion of the late RebeUion in 1745*, and a Discourse on the Nature of the Marriage Union -J-," 8vo +. " A View of Lord Bohngbroke s Philosophy ^, iu Two Letters to a Friend," [by Mr. Warburton] ; (completed in the following year by two more Letters, and a new edition of these) ; all in 8vo. should, for, ice should to the violation of the sense and gram- mar ; p, 99, 1. 12, story, for, true story which likewise obscui-es the whole period; p. 9,62, 1.6, Brenmis's, for Brcnnus; a Sacrilege is here used for Sacrilegm, not Sacrileg'mm ; p. "^Sl, 1.3, offered, for, afford hurts the whole sentence." " I desire Mr. Bowjer would let me see him. W. May 9, 1754." * Large impi-essions of these were printed separately, by Mr. Bowyer, at the time they were preached. See before, pp. 177. 190. f At Mr. Allen's chapel, printed also separately. See p. 190. X " i hope to have the second volume of Serm{)ns out by the middle of next month, and the fii'st volume of Di\ ine Legation soon after ; so you see I am winding up my bottoms a ravelled business, if my answerers are to be believed. But (to use the expression of an old formal Divine of my acquaintance, who did not, I will assure you, apply it to me, but to a very {)iTident man of his acquaintance), I hate all my ends before me. Warburton'' s Letters to Hurd, Sept. 30, 1754. " I hope to send you the second volume of my Sermons very soon. Theie is one, as I told you, on the influence of Learning on Recelation. You won't much like it ; for 1 do not. It by no moans pleases mp. I could say nothing to the purpose ; and when it was too late, I found it was a subject for a volume, i like the other Sennou on the Marriage union better. It is more simple. But th.e na- ture of the huliject gave it this advantage. In my hint I liiiited that you had never laid your thumb on the Discourse I liked best. As I said before, I will give you no directions to guess at my meaning; not so much as tell you whethej- it be in this volume." Ihid. Oct. 14. " I need not tell you how proud I auj of y(jur apj)robation ; or, to speak more pioperly, of joui- partiality for me. To tell y(;u the truth, I did mean the 'ilianks- giving Sermon, Though I shall readily own mxsclf mi-^takin, now you are of anotlier opinion." Ibid. Oct. "2 4. " Vou di->ap- p>inted me in reading that imj)crf(et first edition of the TiiHuk^- giving Sermon. However, you are riglit, the other is to Im; preferred for the happy dis])osition t)f the subject." Ibid. Oct. '2^. See also several oiher letters on the subject of the Serni(iis. " I shall long Ni lie.u' tliat you have put the last iiaiid to tlie View of Bolinglaokc. If ever you write above yourseli', it ii when your zeal for 1 ruth and Religion animates you l( e\p,)>e the ignorance oT foolish men." Mr ilurd to Dr. U'orhurtnii. July 2, 1754. " .\s to my ' View of Bolingbrokc,' it is divided into four Letters. The lirst on lii^ Temper, the btcond en lus SyO LITERARY ANECDOTES OF ^1754' An unpublished Criticism on this performance was written by Mr. Bowyer, witli an intention of preserving' it in the pages of Mr. Urban, wliich shall be given below*. Principles, the third and fourth on his Talents. The two first, which will make about twelve sheets octavo, 1 pro])ose publish- ing* itlone as soon as y'rinted, which will be in three weeks or a mon:h. I tell it you in confidence, I am apprehensive of dis- pleasing some by it whom I most honom-, and at a critical time. So that, I solemnly assure you, nothinjj but the sense of indis- pensable dill) as a Christian and a C}eri:,yman could have in- duced me to run ihe hazard of doing myself so much injurv. But, jacta fitit alea. All other considerations are now past with me. And let Pro\ idence take its course, without any solicitude on my part. I keep the thing a secret. But I suppose, amongst the pei-petual guesses at an anonymous author, my name will come into the list. You know so miich of my love for Jirst parts, that perhaps you will think the two last letters won't appear, or that I wait to try how the first \vill fare. No such matter. I go on with the two last, and they will be published about six weeks after." Dr. If arbtirtvn to Mr. IJnrd, Sept. J. " Ere this you will see the two first letters of the View published. The truth is, I grew a little tired of such a writrr. You will see there is a continued apology for the Clergy: yet they will neither love me the more, nor forgi\e me the soonej", for all I can say in their behalf. This I have experienced in a former a])ology for them. 1 won't tell you wheie. but leave viui to guess, as a punishment for the niortifieatiori you gave me for never mention- ing once to me a Discourse that I most value nnself upon. Be- forc Bolingbrokes Works vere published, 1 but g;uessed con- cerning his svstem of the moral attributes from what he dropped in one of his published things. For 'hou.':h the first and second Essay had been shev/n me by Mr. Pope, -Mid afferwards by Mr. Yorke, as neither of them \>ux vhem inru my hands, 1 had no curiosity of leading moi-e of them in theirs tlian particular pas- sages of ap.othei kind wh.'cli they shewed me: yet 1 guessed well, as you will see hy ilie use I make oi three quotations fi-om the Sern:on on God's u~ioral Government." Si.pi 30. * " Whc n pejsons of e]e\ated stations vouchsafe to become writers, they must be content to submit themsches to the judg- ment of the publick. E^. ery reatlcr is their peer, to cojidemn oi- acquit them. But it has been the lia5i]riness of the late Lord Bo- lingbroke to be tried by a perso/i of < .ninence ; who, though by his function exempt frt'iu sitting (!i.' hiui in a cause of blood, jet is, (m t'i;it account, best entitkd to pass judgiaent on him in a cause of divinity. He lias done it in so cleai-, con\incing, and candid a manner, that I will venture to lay before you, Mr. Urban, anil the world, sonic extracts from Lorfl Bolingbroke's ^Letters, from whence vou mav judge of the equity of the Bishop of 17S4.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2'Jl A neat edition of "Anacreon," in 12mo, with notes which Mr. Bowyer himself collected. of Clogher's sentence. Letter V. p. IS^, -first edition, Lord B<}- ling-broke, out of pure zeal for Christianity, raises scniples against itj and at the same time declaies it as his opinion. Letter V. p. 204, that ' Christianity has been on the decay ever since the llesurrection of Letters.' P. 185. A now wav, one would think, of expressing- his zeal for it. But how does he prove that Christiaiiity has been on the decay ever since the Re- suiTection of Lettei-s ? Why by artfully substituting in his proof, Popeiy instead of Cijristianity. ' The demolition,' says lie, ' of the Papal Throne was not attempted with success, till tlie f^'nn- ning of the sixteenth century.' Bishop of Clogher's Vindication, p. 2 6. Letter i. p. 6, he declares ' a thorough etrntempt for the whole biiainess of the learned lives of Bochait, Petavias, and Usher. Because [forsooth] they made use of such, materials as they had ; which, it seems, are few, and t]\ere is a mond imjxis- sibiJity they should ever have more.' Thus he recommends an enquiry into antient history, and then deel uxs a contem])t of those who have alreaily pursued such enquu-v. Vind. p. 7. Now then let us see what wonders will he. discovcrtd under such a guide ! He begins (Letter i. p. 8), ' The dynasties of Manetho are broken to pieces by Eusebius, and such fragments of theni as suited his design are sturk into his works. ^Ve liave, we know, no more of them." But, (1) others kiiow tliat there are. more than what occur in Eusebius; and. i^l) ihat Eu-obius [iro- bably never saw Manetho. Vindic. }).>. Leiter i. p. 10, tlie Chronicon, which we owe to Sync(;llus, he eulis the C<;dox Aiex- andrinus, a title which the learned liad appropriated to a MS. of the Old and New Testament. This Chi'oiucon hx-- been ];:utly followed, and partly rejected, by Sir Joha M:uham ; a libi'rty which L(;rd BoiiiLgbrokc! thinks not allowable, who admits tn- reprobates by v. ii );;> le. Ibid. Tiie btory of tlie bead's nip.ni;! ; to thnt part of tlic Circus wiiere their naiiw> soil vv:;-. laid, :u;:l the i'aijle of tii-- iuiers Ixtvveen A!)gara> an-i .Ic.-v.-; ( iiii-t, ;u!' twice cited by Lord Jjfjlin^broke [L,eit',;i ii. i...'il: and Ri'ilt'cion^ on Exile, ])/^40j as JVom Josepiius, in^Uad of Eii-l.-iu-. Thi-, with others of the like S(nt, are i:arc'.,).r.b!(' c;!^;-, no d iiii)i ; but it is to be observed, lliat Lord noliiijiinkv ':i muriir-; Ia:- tei were jirinted in his lir'e-tinu;, ruid di'-', ;i'!)u(( d In i;i- !. . iju'.i friends for thfir com-ciion, lljMiirh. iic ^!i:! |)rot'.'--'.-i Xu <'.:> by memory, to give them ihc air oi' a -lijnl cui- >)v ;( iff !.! - uiiee. Vindic. ]). 1'2, \A. I would fitii'cr olc. : w, ii: an <\inu- porary Sj'ceeh hvi'(,rc tiie Hour^c (;f Lti!-, tio-c Mii>iiu>, It I rcmemher r'v^ld, If I ant iiol iulsi.' n, i\c. ii\,:\ li.i'c tij;;- grace, because tlicy ex jjic-.t ;ui iin\.i!ii;:u!i' -- in tii. (i::i: deceive the audicrifc ; \a\\ in \-, .!?:::>.., -s in r.' i.>.iks ctn at, and every |;art)C'dar a-C(M':;:u; ;!, il::it ^.'^lin.; :lijl;'t.'M(- no long(;r a beautv, luiI a mark n.' m ll-roin; l.uii-'", atid :u: :t of being sU])rrior to l lie read' r i -iirniioji iM- ;!:t. ruih'T. U 572 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l754. Poll for the Qounty of Hertford," 8vo. cause I see this flower of speech coming into Sermons preached before one of the Honourable Houses. Letter iii. p. 82, Lord Bo- lingbroke tells vis, from Pliny, that Berosus pretended to give a History of 480 years Uefore his time ; whereas Berosus wrote a History of above 1700 years. What then is the case ? Why Pliny says, Berosus informs us, that the Babylonians were in possession of astronomical observations above 480 years. And what is this to his pretending to give a history of that period ? Vind. p. 14. But Lord Bolingbroke, to lessen the value of an antient history which contained 480 years, says, ' If it was so, these years were probably years of Nabonassar,' Arch enough ! He took years of Nabonassar to be shorter years than common ; and knew not that the Babylonians introduced an sera from the commencement of that King's reign, about seven jears later than the building of Rome ; but in which the years v^ere of the same length with other years. Vindic. p. 15. Letter iii. p. 82, Berosus and Mane- tho are put on a footing by Lord Bolingbroke, and represented as equally admitted, altered, and contradicted by Josephus, Jul. Africanus, and Eusebius ; whereas Berosus is appealed to with the greatest regard by Josephus, and literally copied by Euse- bius. Vindic. p. 16. He next draws a most convincing argu- ment against the authority of the Old Testament, because a great King thought it worth while to get it translated, and wonders have been since related concerning that Translation. Vindic. p. 17. Letter iii. p. 89, he poaches in Suidas for game against a book which is somewhat more than licensed, but staits an old woman for Moses. Vindic. p. 19. letter iii. p. 107^ he represents it as ridi- culous ' that the sons of God are said to lie with the daughters of men, and beget giants.' But he knew enough of the woild, if not of the Hebrew idiom, to guess, that the sons of God might be the men of power ; who, forcibly taking away the daughters of the poorer sort, begat illegitimate children. These being frequently men of strength, are calls* I giants. Anything high or great, it is well known, is said to belong to God. Thus Rachel's disputes with Leah are termed ' the wrestlings of God,' Gen. XXX. S. Vindic. p. 37- If I mistake not, Selden says os sa- crum is called so to this day, from the largeness of it. But the most masterly objection is Lt-tter iii. p. 109, against Gen. ix. 22, where, though Ham alone oilended, Canaan alone is cursed. An objection founded on an error in the MS. to which all MSS. are subject ; viz. an omission of two or three words in the latter sentence, which are expressly inserted in the former. Verse 22 runs, ' And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father.' Accordingly, verse 25 should run, * curbed be [Ham the father of] Canaan ; and ^erse 26, ' And [Ham the father of] Canaan shall be his servant.' Allow but this error corrected by the very text, as we see, and all the objection vanisheth. Not o, says Lord Bolingbroke, for the curse fell on the posterity of Caaaaji, exclusively of the rest of the posterity of Ham, in the ex- 1/54.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, SJg Another edition of " Demosthenis Selectae Ora- tioues," by Baron Mounteney, 8vo. expulsion of the Canaanites. True, in that particular Case it did ; but as the curse was general on the posterity of Hani, as we may now be allowed to say, we must not look for the accompUsh- ment of it in Canaan alone. Where then shall we find it ? Now History will inform us, that Egyj)t, or the Land of Ham, wa* made tributary to the offspring of Shem in the person of Caui- byses and his successors ; who reduced Egypt, as well as Canaan, to the Persian yoke j under which it continued till the reign of Darius Nothus ; when the Egyptians recovei-ed their liberty, till they were again reduced by Ochus king of Persia ; from wliich time they remained in subjection to that empire, till Darius Codomannus was defeated. by Alexander the Great. Thus tho posterity of Ham wex'e first in subjection to the Persians, who were of the line of Shem ; and were again subdued by the Greeks, who were the descendants of Japhet. The reason wh\ the name of Canaan alone, of all the children of Ham, was particularly mentioned by Moses as included in the cui-se, was bec:u>e the Israelites, the offspring of Shem, were then going to fulfill that part of the curse, and to take possession of the land of Canaan ibr the first time. Vindic. 39 42. Letter iii. 114,115, to shew what little knowledge in the histoiy of mankind is to be k arnt ft'om the Sacred Wi-itings, Lord Bolingbrol^e observes, that " Though the Assyrians were neighbours of the Jews, yet we liear nothing of that kingdom till just before Prophane History makes that kingdom to end. Then we hear of Salmanasar, who took Samaria in the 12tli year of the .r-ra of Naljont-.-ai-; that is, VI years after uie Assyrian Em])ire was no more." Now, (I) the affairs of -t'-syria and of Egypt are taken notice of no farther in the Sacred Writings than as lliey had relation to the Israelites; sometimes as entniies, raised up hy God lov their puni-hnicnt; s-tnu'tinies as friends, for tlicir niob tion. ('2) \Mvd BolingbiH)kc takes it for granted that the kingdom of Assvria was at end when Naboup-tar ijegan to reign ia l'>abyIon : which is just the same as to say, tliere wa-. an end of the kingdom of Spain when the kingdoiri of Portugal nas separated iV; -.u it; for tlic Kings of Assyria were Kintrs of Dabylou, :- well :;s \ini\e!- and the rest of Assyria, lill Xal'OMassar aro-e, and separatd tli kingdom of Bah'vloi. from 'lial of As^via : vjui llwn ll;e Kiii; ilic King ol" Bainion at F.ihy- ion.' V\here then is the absu-lity in 'I Kings, wiii. D, \'. lun it .said, * In the fourth of He/.eUi.di", Kii.g oiMndah, SUaln-ane-er, King of Assyria, came up ag;iii>t Nimaria, and l>c-iegel\\ ni' Nahon i^-ar's n\n\ at Babylon ? This M;ay .-er-.r for a -ptcinuii of l-nrd Bolingbiok-^s acciiracv shall I .sav,' or iiimiing - 'I'h'' Hi-1'<";' :>o-iliNi' jnoofs for I he uu!!i. niieily of the Okl ;'nd NfwT< -uun. n!s I n.ay po-si- bly lay Ij.'fuiC you vn anotlier occa-ion 1 aui; yjui -. 6cr. J, (>. ' Vol. II. T l)i'. 274 UTERAHY ANECDOTES 0F [1754- Dr. Gully's * " Dissertation on pronouncing the Greek Language/' 8vo. '^ The principal Charters which have been granted to the Corporation of Ipswich in Suffolk translated -!-,'' 8vo. ** Barbarossa, a Tragedy/' by Mr. Brown ."f, 8vo. * Dr. Henry Gall}', born at Beckenham, in Kent, in Au^ist 1690", was admitted peuaiouer of Jlen'et college, vuidei- the tui- tion of Mr. Fawcett, May 8, IJH; and became scholar of tlie house in July following. He took the degree of M. A. in 1731 ; and was upon the King's List for that of D.D. (to vrhich he was admitted April 25, 1728) when his Majesty honoured the Uni- versity of C;mibridge with his jnesence. In the year 1721 he was chosen lecturer of St. Paul's, Coveut Garden, and instituted the same year to the rectory of Wavenden, or VVanden, in Bucking- hamshire. The Lord Chancellor King appointed him his do- mestic chaplam in 1725, preferred Ivim to a prebend in the church of Gloucester in 1/28, and to another in that of Nor- wich a'oout three years after. He presented him likev\ ise to the rectory of Ashney, aZias Ashton, in Northamptonshire, in 1/30; and to tliat of St. Giles in the Fields, in 1732 ; his Majesty made liim also one of liis chaplains in ordinary, in October 1735, Dr. Gaily died August 7, 176'9. He was the author of, 1. "Two Sermons on the Misery of Man, pieached at St. Paul's, Coveut Garden, 1723," 8vo. 2. " The Moral Charactei-s of Thsophras- tus, translated from the Greek, with Notes, and a Critical Essay on Characteristic Writing, 1/25," 8vo. 3. " The Reasonable- ness of Churih and College Fines asserted, and the Rights which Churches and Colleges liavc in their Estates defended, 1731," Svo. This was an answer to a pamphlet called "^ An Enquiry into the Customary Estates and Tenants of those who hold l-ands of Church and other Foundations by the Tenure of three Li^es nnd twenty-one Years, by Everard Fleetwood, esq." Svo, [Be- sides the answer to this pamphlet by Dr. Gaily, tliere were two others, by Dr. Roger Long and Dr. William Derham.] 4. " Ser- mon before the House of Commons upon the Accession, June 11, 1739," 4to. 5. " Some Considerations upon Clandestine Mar- riages, 1750," Svo. This was much enlarged in a second edi- tion the year following. 6. The pamphlet on Greek Accents, taken notice of above. f By Mr. Canning, minister of St. Laurence ; who had pub- lished in 1747, " An Account of the Gifts and J-iCgacies that had been given and bequeatlied to charitable Uses in the Town of l])svvich, with some account of the present State and ftlanage^ inent, and some Proposals for the future Regulation of them,'' Svo. Ill 1755 Mr. Rowyer piinted for hinj "An Address to the Freemen of Ipswich," half a. sheet, folio, ; Of whom see before, pp. 211 215. 228, 229, 230. In the ' Biograjdua Bjitawnica," it is said that this tragedy was pro- duced 1754.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 275 Dr. Armstrong's * " Art of preserving Healthy a didactic Poem," 8vo* This year Mr. Bowyer sent a literary present (I know not of what value) to the Cathedral Library at Chichester -jf. The principal books printed by him this year were, " The History and Antiquities of the Town, Hundred, and Deanry of Buckingham, by Browne WilhsJ, esq. LL. D." 4to. The fourth (and last) \^olume of Mr. Carte's "General History of England." "A Letter to a Friend in Italy; and Verses occa- sioned on readiiig Monttaucon," [by the Rev. Ed- ward Clarke '^J, 4to. Three Volumes of Mr. Whiston's Translation of Josephus, 8vo. " Oeconomia Naturae in Morbis acutis et chronicis Glandularum. Auctore R.Russell, M.D. F.R.S."Svo. An English Translation of Dr. Russell's " Oeco- nomy," Svo. tluced on the stage in the bci^inning: of 1755. It was acted Dec. 17, li-^-i; and published tlie ;0(>r do\:l eat, allo.v him ihi't, .S:e." the author was nuc!! di~^p.>t'>d, ii- ii repixscnted him in the light of an iiKiii^vnt person. Vawfy ^va^ un(li)nl)k-dly one of the most j.n'ominent i" auncs in ihc ("harac tei' of P/y. !hr)u'n. * Of whom, c ."nder tt'c .".ir 1' .')h. f " In v')ur ^oncK'i'- di>,]jo-ilioii. 1 luar t]i;it you :11c incliued t.(j think of our libnny. i\)viriy is innjrtin; ii". I ;".'k every bofl'- t!'at I flecently cim, and ^inujl'l Ijr proad of \, 17 >.">- X Ofwiiom, sec: the- " K-:i)- ;in.l Iliu t lu' ic'Ji*/' vul.Vi. \o, TV. Of whom, sec vol. IV, \). :',:-,' I. T ' A Se- "^6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l755. " A Second Dissertation against pronouncing the Greek Language according to Accents ; in Answer to Mr. Foster's Essay *." " Boerhaave's Aphorisms," 8vo. Dr. Maty's " Autlientic Memoirs of the Life-}- of Richard Mead J, M.D." 8vo. " Museum Meadianum, sive Catalogus Nummo- iTim, veteris evi iMonumentorum, ac Gemmarum, cum aliis quibusdam Artis recentioris et Naturae operibus, qua? vir clarissimus Ricardus Mead^ M. D. nuper defunctus comparaverat," 8vo. '^ Musei Meadiani pars altera, &c." 8vo. "An Essay towards a new Ensjhsh Version of the Book of Job, from the original Hebrew, with some Account of his Life, by Thomas Heath ^, Esq. of Exeter," 4to. * This was, '''An Essay on the different Nature of Accent and Quantity, with their Use and Application in the English, Latin, and Greek Languages : containing Remarks on the Metre of the Eng- lish; on the Origin and iEolism of the Roman; on the general History of tlie Greek, witli an account of its antient Tones, and a Defence of the present Accentual Marks, against the Objections of Isaac Vossius, Henninius, Sarpedonius, Dr. Gaily, and other.-. To which is subjoined the Greek Elegiac Poem of M. Musums, addressed to Leo X. with a Latin Version and Notes. The Se- cond Edition, corrected and much enlarged, containing some Additions from the Papers of Di". Taylor and Mr. Markland ; also, a Reply to Dr. Gally's Second Dissertation, in Answer to the First Edition of this Essay. By J. Foster, M.A. late Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. Eton. Cal. Junii, 1763." 8vo. f Another, but far less interesting, Life of Dr. Mead, by Sir Tanfield Leman, bart. M.D. a])pcared in 1749, Svo. X Set^ the " Essays and lUustjations," vol. VI. No. V. This gentleman was an alderman of iLxeter, and father of John Heath, esq. one of the judges of the Common Pleas. His brother Benjamin was a lawyer of eminence, and town-clerk of Exeter. Benjamin was likewise an author, and wrote, 1. "An Essay towards a demonstrative Proof f the Di\ ine Existence, Unity, and Attribute.-. ; to \\ hieii is premised, a short Defence of the Argument commonly called a Priori, 1740." This pamph- let was dedicated to Dr. Oliver of Balli, and is to be ranked amongst the ablest defences of Dr. Clark's, or ratlier Mr. Howe's, hypothesis; for Dr. Clarke aiipears to have taken it from Howe's " Living Temple." 2. " The Case of the ( ounty of De\on wilh j-espcct to the Consequences of the new Excise Duty on C^yder an4 Peny. Pubii.'shcd by the Dii-cctiun of the Committee ap- pointed 1755-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, S77 " Six Dissertations on different Subjects, bv John Jortin, D. D." 8vo. " Remarks on Sir Charles Grandison," by Dr. Free (8o copies only printed). " Remarks on the same Book, by Mr. Plumer," (2^ only printed). A neat and correct Edition of the Works of Pindar, 12mo, (of which Mr. Bowyer was himself the Editor,) with a Latm Version from the Oxford Edition in folio of 1(>.97. The following letter, on a subject of peculiar deli- cacy, will perhaps be thought worth preserving, though it does not appear to whom it was ad- dressed *. pointed at a General Meeting of that County to superintend tlie Application for the Repeal of tliat Duty, 176"3/' 4to. To this representation of the circumstances peculiar to Devonshire the repeal of the act is greatly to be ascribed. The jjiece indeed wag considered as so well-timed a service to tlie piibhck, tliat Mr. Heath received some honourable notice on account, of it at a general meeting of the county. .S. " Nota; siAC Lcctiones ad Tragicorum Gra^corum Aeterum, .'Itschyli, &c. 1752," 4to. A work which places the author's learning and critical skill in a very conspicuous light. A principiU object of this publicatidri was, to restore the metre of ihc Grecian Tragic I'oets. It is m\ich to be regretted that the (ii-t:i-te for antient learning, which for some years past liatli jjrevailed in lliis country, sliouid ha\c left it for Foreigners to appreciate this work iiccording to ita intrinsic vahie. The same solidity of judgment apj)aient in the preceding, distingui->!ied the Author's last jjroductiou: i. "A Revisal of Sh:i.ke^j)ear s Text, vvlierein the AUerations intro- duced into it by tiie more modern Hditois and Criiics aii' parti- cularly considered, 17^">," Hvo. It a])])Cars from the li-t of Oxfoni graduates, that Mr. Benjamin Heath was created Doctor of Civil I^w by diploma, March 111, 17<>-. * 1 preserve this article as it oriiiMuidly stood, \\ith the mor pleasure, a^ the mysteiy is Kiti^actorily ?x;)laine(l, to the u,'i"t.it credit of all the parlies, in the following J>citi v fiom |)i\ Wir- burton to Mr. llurd, Sept. 'II, 17."i:. " A \eiy iii-<:u;i('(:i!)ki affair hits brought me to town a inonih hrfore my u-ii;il lime. Mr. Knapiou, whom i-\vr\ bo(l\ , and I particuiarlN, thoUi;ht the richest Ijookseller in to\vn, iia.-, i'ailcd. Hi- (i;- arc 'io,(K)()'. and his slock i.-, valued at .iO.OtK)/ ; iiut llii-. x.aluc i- suhjcc t to many abating conlingeiicics and you never at iirst hear tin: whole debt. It is lio))ed there v. ill !>', inon^h to pr.y every oiici f don't know whui t'> iray to i.'.. U i-. a I'li-iiK'^j of ye.ii^. H 578 tlTERARY ANECDOTES OT [^755* Sept. 20, 1755. *' I was last night informed that it was reported I had advised taking out a statute against you. As no one, I am persuaded, hath a deeper sense of ob- ligations to you, or feels more for your present troubles, I was shocked at this charge of ingratitude and inhumanity. I knew, with the rest of the world, that your good-nature only had brought you into your present difficulties, and tliat your afflic- tion under them arose more from the inconveniencies you brought on others than on yourself. It must add not a little to your disquiet, to think you have a monster among your creditors : but I owe it both to you and them to testify that you can have but one ; for 1 never heard any of tliem propose taking a step which might ill suit your inclin.ations ; or, what was more tender, your credit. If a statute was ever mentioned, it was feared only from the intricacy of your aifairs, not suggested from the malevolence of any lieart. I say th^s, to clear others, not myself; for it is too much for me to think that such an imputation should live, and be carried to your ear. My heart, Sir, will ever wish you hap- pwes me a great sum. I am his principal creditor 5 and as such I have h;>d it in my power, at a meeting,' of his creditoj*s, to dis- pose them favourably to him, and to get him treated with great humanity and compassion. I have brought them to agree una- nimously to take a ieuigKation of his etiects, to be managed by ti'U3tees ; Lnd in the m; an tin.e, til; tiie effects can he dis- poned of to the best advaatagt, which will be some years in doing, to allow him a very handsome subsistence ; for I think him an honest man (thoug'i he lias done extreme il! by me), and, as such, love him. He falls with the pity and compassion of every body. His fault was extreme indolence. I was never more sa- tisfied in any action of my life than in my service of Mr. Knap- ton on this occasion, and the preventing (which T hope I have done) his being torn in pieces. Yet you must not be surprised, I am sure I should not, if you hear (so great is tl^c world's love of truth and of me) that my severity to hiin de-tioycd his credit, and would have pushed him to extremity. 1 will a-sure jou you liave heard many things of me full as true ,; which, though at present a))ocryphal, may, by my never contradicting them, in time become lioly-w^it, as the Poet says. God bless you, and believe me to be, &c." pinesr ; 1755-] I'Hfe EIGriTEeXTrt CENXUltY. jj*ji piness ; but for fear it should fall under any mis- construction of it after so bad a representation of it, 1 must beg you will give me leave to renounce the office of being one of your trustees, in which it will be impossible for me after this to act with freedom, though I intend ever so uprightly. 1 know not whether another trustee must be chosen in m)'^ place ; but, if there must, whatever additional ex- pence that may occasion, I will tiiankfully defray. I would further beg, that no enquiry may be made who propagated the story of me ; for as I suspect no one j)erson, so I would continue to harbour no ill thoughts of any par^cular ; and 1 will rest satis- fied in the persuasion you will ever retain your good ones, of, Sir, Your sincere friend and most humble servant, W. B. " I would have waited on you with the inclosed renunciation, but that 1 am hastening into th*^ country." This year produced from Mr. Bowyer's press t^^ o valuable tracts in tiie Antiquarian line, by Philip Carteret Webb *, esq. which proved a prelude to * This distinguished Anticjiiaiy, boi-n in 1/00, \va.s rci2:i]I;iily fared to the profession of the huv : and waa aihnittcd an uttcn- ncy, bctbrc Mr. .Justice Price, .Tunc '10, 17-1 : he hved then in the Old .Jewry; afteruaitls renio\(!d lo Budj^e Row; aiici tlience to Great tjtieen-street, Lincoln's- J nn Fields. HeA\as jiecidiarly learned in the records of liiis kinadoni, and particularly aijie as a jiarliamentarv and eonstimtional hiwyer. In 17 47, l>e pub- lished " Obsen'ations on Uie Course of Prooeedinf^s in tlu; Admi- ralty Courts," 8\o. In 1*51, he assisted Ujatpjially in (ibtainiufj the eliarter of incorporation for the Sociity of Antiquaries, re- mitting: in that bu-i:i(--s tlie eu^tcnnary fi-c-; 'Aliicli were due .o liim as a solicitor; an.l on many otlur occa'-ioiis proM'd iiiniself a very useful member of i hat h-arned hndy. rurchaMna- a hous. and Cytale at Busbridue, Sumy, wliere Ik- n -id. d iu the Mnnmcr, it t^avc' him an inllm nee iu the borout'h of Ha-iemere, for which he was chor.en member in 17-">t. :>' a-raiu in 174JI. He became, imder the patrnr.auv of Lord ( liane< li-ir Hardui( K\ ecretaiy of bankru])t' in the ( nuit of ( hancrry, and wa-. aj)- pointfd one of the ioiiit suHciiors of the trcii-uiy in 17.)<>" In .July. l80 . LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [175^. the publication of the " Archseologia." They were both read at the pubhc meetings of the Society of Antiquaries, and were printed by their order. July, 1758, he obtained a silver medal from the Society of Art$ for having planted a larire quantity of acorns for timber. In 1760, he had the honour of presenting the famous Heraclean ^ble to the King of Spain, by the hands of the Neapolitan Mi- nister, from whom he received in return (in November that year) a diamond ring, worth 300^ In April 1763, the period of Mr. Wilkes's being apprehended for writing " The North Bri- ton," No. 45, Mr. Webb became officially a principal actor in that memorable prosecution, but did not altogether approve of the severity vAth which it was carried on ; and printed, on that occasion, " A Collection of Records about General Warrants j" and also " Observations upon discharging Mr. Wilkes fi-om the Tower." []Mr \^^ebh panicularly supported the issuing of the general warrant by tne Secretaries of State, instead of a special one ; for %vhich the opinion of the Attorney an^ Solicitor General repoited there was sufficient ground ; and which was recom- mended by the Right Hon. Etiward Weston, then under secre- tarv of state, to the Earl of Halifax. fjiS Note by Dr. Charlea Ifeston.J'] He held the offxCe of solicitor to the Treasury till June 1765. ;-:nd continued secretary of banki'upts till Loic Nor- thm.'2;toa quitted the Seals, in 1766. He died at Busbridge, Jane 22, 1770, aaed 70; and his library (including that of John Godfrey, tsq. which he liad purchased entire^ \v:ts so' i. with his MSS on velium, Feb. 25, and the sixteen foilowini?; days, 1771. A litlie before his death he sold to the K.'use of Peeis tlr-rty BIS volumes of the P. oils oi' Parliament. His MSS. on paper were sold^ c" his widovs and execLitrix, to the Earl of Shclburne; since bought by Parliament for the British Museum. The coins and medals were sold by auction the same year, three days sale ; in which weie all the coin.s and medals found in his co'iectioR at the time of his decease, but he had disposed of the most valuable part to diiierent persons. The series of large brass iiad been pickexi by a nobleman. The noble series of Roman gold (among which were Pompey, Lepidus, &c.) and the col- lection of Greek kings and towns had been sold to Mr. Duane, ?ind afterwards formed part of the valuable mtiseiun collected by the late Dr. Hunter Tlie aulicnt marble busts, broiizes, Roman earthen-ware, gems, seals, &e. (of which there were 96 lots) '.vere -old in the above year. On the death of Mrs, Webb, the remainder of the curiositie.-^ was sold by Mr. Langford. Mr. Webb's publications were, 1. "A Letter to rlu' JJev. Mr. William Warburtbn, M. A. occasioned by some Passajic-; ii^, his Book, in- tituled, ' The Divine Legation of Moses demonstrated.' By a Gentlf man of Lincoln's Inn, 1742," Svo. 2. " Remarks on the Pretenikr's Declaration and Commission, 1745," Svo. 3. " Re- marks on the Pretender's eldest Sons second Declaration, dated tlie lOih of October 1745, by the Author of the Reni^^rks on his iir.'.t 1756'-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ggl 1. "A short Account of some Particulars concern- ing Domesday Book^ with a View to promote ita being pubHshed/' 4to. first Declai-ation, 1745," Svo, Of tlicsc " Remarks" a second edition was published the same year. 4. " Excerpta ex Instru- mcntis publicis de Judseis/' consisting of seven yAs;es small 4to. 5. " Short, but true, State of Facts relative to the Jew- Bill, sub- mitted to the Consideration of the Publick," three ptiges smtill 4to. 6. " Five Plates of Records relating to tlie Jews, engraven at the Expence of Philip Carteret Webb, Esq." 7. "The Ques- tion whether a Jew born within the Briiish Dominions^wasj before the making the late Act of Parliament, a Person cai)able by Law to purchase and hold Lands to him and his lieii-s, fairly stated and considered. (To which is annexeti an A;)peudix, containing Copies of Public Records relating to the Jews, and to the Plates of Records.) By a Gentleman of Lincohi's Inn, 1753," 4to. Printed for Roberts, price 2*-. Gd. '^' A Reply ' to this, in the same size, and at the same price, written, its it is supposed, by Mr. Gro^e, author of the Life of Cardinal W'okey, was printed for Robinson, Woodyer, and Swan. 8. "A short Account of some Particulars concerning Doinesday-Book, with a View to promote its being published, 17 56"," 4t(>. 9. " A.sliort Account of Danegeld, with some farther Pulicalais relviting to William the Conqueror's Survey, 175S," iu:. 10. " A State of Facts, in Defence of his Majesty's Right ti) ("cilain J-'ee-Fana Rents in the County of Norfolk, 1758,"' 4t'). 1 1. " An Account of a Copper Table, containing two Irisciiptions in the (ii-.ek and Latin Tongue-, discovered in the m.u' I73'i, near Heraclca, in tlie JJ.iy of Tarcitum, in Magna Giecia. Bv Philij) Carteret Webb, Kr^i|. Read at a Mee'ing of (he Sot:'.iy of .\nti(|ua;it>, the Kitn cf Decerubcr, 175:>, and ordered to he printed 17(J()," 4to. 1.^ -''Some Observations on tiie late Deierminatioa for dii(;iiari:lng M*'. Wilkes from his Commitment to the 'i'owcf of Lotulon, for being tlu; Author and Pob'-'-iier of a Mditiou,^ Libel calU'd 'The Xor.h Briton, N(j. 45.' J>y a M'inbei' of tlu> Uou.-e of Counnons. 1763, 4to." lie also printed a quartcj pauii)iil( t (supposed to ba\(! been coined bv Fref'.iiick Abmlagiie, ex].) cont.iining a number of (iener:'.! Wnnanls i r.ed from llie time, of tin; Revolution J and some other polilieiU i'lael-, pariieularly ^t tbr^ time of tiie Rebellion in 17-J5 ; at th.' cIo-l' ol" uhicli hi^ abilities, a.s soiieitoi' on the trials in Seol!;Miik ]irov(\i ot'ctnineui .service to the publick. Mr. Webb \s.i-> twice iii.uiiul; and bv his fir.-t lady (who died in M:iich Vi, 17 "><') '"'t "; -on of his own name, adihitted of I'.i n( t coli* uc, ( :inil)ii(!u , 1755, under the [)ri\ ale tui!i\ Ki")Ja, one of tin- t^t liteHary anecdotes of [175^. 2. "A short Account of Danegeld; Nvith some further Particulars relating to WiUiam the Con- queror's Survey," 4to. daugliters and coheirs of Sir John Huborn, bart. of Wanvick- shire ; but by her he had no istsue, John Godfrey, esq. (p. 280) was the son of Benjamin Godfrey, sq. of Norton Court, near Feversham, in Kent, whom he suc- ceeded in Ihat estate. He was vei-y corpulent, through indolencfr or inactivity, and a great epicure, which shoitened his life. Mr. Godfrey (who was related to Sir Edmondburj) was a persoft of learning, and had a good collection of antiquities ; and also of coins and medals, which, after his death, woe sold by auction. His library (containing about 1200 valuable volumes) was bought for 100^. by T. Osborne, who sold the whole again to Mr. Webb before it was unpacked. Mr. Godfrey contributed the plate of Roman antiquities in p. 248 of Dr. Harris's History of Kent, and was a good friend and benefactor to Dr. Harris, who used to spunge tipon him ; and, though a prebendary of Rochester, with good preferments, died insolvent, at Norton Court, and was buried iri the parish church, at Mrs. Godfrey's expence. After Mr. Godfrey's death (about 1741) his widow retired to her native county (Staf- fordshire, it is supposed) and carried with her the valuable MSS. Tvhfch Dr. Harris had collected for the second volume of his ttistoiy of Kent, which he nevei- published. The late Dr. Thorpe and other gentlemen made what enquiries they could how she disposed of them, or what became of them after her death, but could never get the least intelligence. Mrs. Anne Godfrey (wha died about 1746, and was buried with her husband at Norton) was a vain talkative woman, and would often, when her husbaixi was chatting with a friend on antiquarian matters, interrupt him on the subject, and expose her ignorance. Her maiden name was Gough ; her father was an exchange-broker in I.jon- don ; her brother, who was bound apprentice to an apothecary, but did not serve out his time, married, shortly after, Catharine, daughter of George Ma.son, esq. and great grand-daugliter of John Oneby, esq. (whose epitaph see in Gent. Mag. 1777, p. 316.) This lady had a handsome fortui^e, which young Gough lost in the South Sea bubble, and was afterwards in some degree de- pendent on Mr. Godfrey, after wliose death Mrs. Godfrey impo- verished herself in the assistance of her brihcr, so as to be Tenable to pay her fAvn debts. Mr. Gough died at Caniberwell, about 1755 ; and his widow in May 1771. On the death of the latter, her effects were sold by auction ; and tlie Editor of this work purchased the original portraits of Mr. and My-. Godfrey; a curious old plan of Norton Coiut (mentioned in I3ri(i--h Topo- graphy, vol. I. p. 497*, and which he presented to Sir Joseph Banks) ; two miniature paintings of persons unknos^n ; and fome other curiosities, Norton Court vvas afterwards partly rebuilt, by John Cockayne Sole^ esq. Dr. 175^-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 283 Dr. Patrick Brown's " Natural History of Ja- maica," folio. " A Series of Dissertations on some elegat and very valuable Anglo-Saxon Remains (see p. 256). By' Samuel Pegge *, A.M." 4to. Dr, Kennedy's -j- *' Further Observations on Ca- rausius', Emperor of Britain, and Oriuna, supposed by some to be a real Person. With Answers to those trifling Objections made to the former Dis- course. Together with some new Thoughts con- cerning his Successor, Allectus, Emperor also of Britain ; and particularly on that (iold Coin of Allectus, sent to France from the same Hand. Illustrated with twelve extraordinary Coins of Ca- rausius, not hitherto published :|:," 4to. The Kev. John Wesley's Translation of, and Notes on, the New Testament, 4to. " Free and Candid Examination of the Bishop of J^ondon's Sermons, wherein the commonly received System concerning the Jewish and Chris lian Dis- pensations is particularly considered ^ ; by the Rev. John Town^ll," 8vo. * See the ''' Essays and Illustrations," vol. VI. N [V. f See some account of Dr. Kennedy under the article of Georse North, in vol. \. p. 420. X This was soon followed by a jilatc, neatly eniz7*avcd by Perry, intituled, " Numisi'nata .selectiora Alkvti ct Carau<-ii IBritanniie luiperatoi-um, e Musieo Kennediuno," and a sinj^'Ie leaf of " Explanatory Notes on the Plate of Ail iil- grounded Opinions and most extraorvlinary As^erlions therein contaned ;" 4to ; piice 6V/. The desian of this piece io to shew that the coininon ystnin %vhich makes redemption and a future stale a pop\iIar docliine among" tin- ai;(ient Jews, abounds with absurdities and inivtnsi-- toncies. The Authoi' warmly esjjou'^cs Dr. \Vai'i)anon'> schcnii' ii])on the subjeeC, and his jnincipal view seems to be to j^et tlie tjuestion thoroughly cxamitied, and the ,re\vi>h law frc^d from tiie many perplexities in wdiieh those who p!(;ad for th" received system have involved it. ' !! JohnTinvup, of Clare hall, Cambrid,a:e. 15 A. 173^; M. A i':.'>0: vicar of i'horpe-Ernald, jA-ieeUershire, I'M; archdf*a- 2^4 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l75^- ^ *'^ A short History of the Israehtes ; with an Account of their Manners, Customs, Laws, Pohty, and Rehgion ; being an useful Introduction to the Heading of the Old Testament *. Translated from the French of Abbe Fleury, by Ellis Farneworth '^, M.A." 8vo. " Collateral Bee-boxes, or a new, easy, and ad- vantageous Method of managing Bees, in which Part of the Honey is taken away in an easy and pleasant Manner, without destroying or much dis- turbing the Bees ; early Swarms if desired are en- con of Stowe, a pi-ebendary of Lincoln, and rector of Little Paun- tpn, CO. Lincoln; where he died, March 15, 1791, and was buried. He was an eminent scholar, an affectionate parent, a sincere friend, and an exemplary parish priest. From Bp. Kurd's Life of Warburton I am able to subjoin the following elegant testimony to the respectability of Mr. Towne. " The private friendships of Kshop Wai'burtoii were with men of learning and genius, chiefly with Clergymen of the Established Chiu-ch, and those the most considerable of his time. It would be invidious to gl\e a list of these : I shall only mention, by way of specimen, the learned archdeacons of Stowe and Winchester. Tiie former of these, Mr. Towne, was of his eai'ly acquaintance, when he li^ed in Lincolnshire, and much respected by him at his death. He was an ingenious and learned man, and so conversant in the Bishop's writings, that he used to say of bun, ' lie uwdcrstond them better than himself.' He published omc defences of the Divine Lega- tion, in which, with a glow of zeal for his frien. '* .\ Second Dcfcuee. 1748 and 174ft," 8vo 5 7. "A Letter to Mr. Chandler, 1749," 8vo; 8. "ADiseour>e against the J)i>sentei-s, 1750," I'hno ; 9. " Appendix to Tlie Cuntioversy between the Rev. Mr. White and the Di'-sentiUg (l-ntl-'niua, I7.V)," Hvo; 10. " Tiie Prote-ilaiit Dissenter guided to thcChuyh of Eii';-land, 1750," 8vo; I L ".Aii. Answer to the i'ree and Candid ])i-i|uiMiions, 1751," Hvo ; 12. "The Protectant Knglislnnui giiardMl against the Arts and Aj-gunien1-> of ]l^nn^dl Papist.':, and le.nis-'ivie-, 1753,' Sv(j; and souie other controversial Treatises, in 1755. He d!ey tlie tblluwing epitaph: " Here lietli ill'- I'Oily of the Rc\. JohnWlnle, 15. D. mini-ter of tills pariJi \'l vear-i. He departed tlii^ lif.- Oct ^l, 175.^, a^.n:ii 71"' -'Athtl- S85 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l75(> '^ Athelstaii *," a tragedy, by Dr. Brown, 8vo. Mr. Palairet's -j- Notes on the New Testament, and Specimen of a Dutch Concordance. Catalogues of the Libraries of Martin Folkes, esq. and Dr. Hawlinson. " Certificates and Receipts, in Latin and En^Hsh, for the superannuated Scholars of Merchant Tay- lors School," dra\Mi up Mr. Edward-Rowe Mores ;{:- New Editions of Dr. Warburton's " V^iew of Lord Bolingbroke's Philosophy ;" and of the first two volumes of the " Divine Legation." * Mr. GaiTick pcvforraed a principal part in this play, and WTOte tho I'Zpilogue. Dr. Brown did not give his name to the Avoild, either with JBarbarossa or Athelstan. ,f Preacher in the Dutch chapel at St. James's, and author of several treasises on the learned languages. He published, at Lt^yden, in 1752, " Obser\ ationes in sacros Novi Foederis libros;" and at L-jndon, in 175 i, " Eliaj Palairet, Ecclesia; Gallicaj Tor- nacensis Pai-toris, Specimen Thesauri Critici Lingaia; Graecte ; in quo specialcs vocabulorum significationes indicantur, ellipses supplcntur, pieonasmi evolvuntur, et ex Scholiis anliquis illus- trantm', cum indicibus necessariis," 4to. In 1756 he corrected for Mr. Bow yer the Ajax and Electra of Sophocles, for an edi- tion which \,ill be noticed mider 1758 ; and died Jan. 2, 1765. X Of this eccentric genius, see vol. V. p. 389. ^ Whilst these Aolumes were in the press, the learned Writer indulged his printer with the following characteristic notes : " Jul'j 12, 1755. I am wonderfuUv obliged to Mr. Bowyer's care in his repriiiting the enclosed leaf, where his critical care in letting Rome pass for home lay; -ne under great obligations to him : but I liave been long seusiole of my great obligations of this kind However, let the foul, the Coinpositor, mend it, if iie can, before publication, by once more r-printi ng it." "Dec. 31, I7r).j. Mk. Bowyek, I thought fit to give myself tliis tiouble to tell you, that th;,' Large-Paper Books of the small edition of the flew is mo3t.vilel\ pnnted; ].'articalarly the lines are a>.jy and uneven (as in proof sheutb) from one end of the B< tok to the otlier. Your humble Servant, W. VV." " Sir, If in corrcxt- ing the small edition of tiie View of Bolingbioke you had paid the least attention to tb^ reasoning (wliich, by the wf>y would have done vou no harm) you woukl ndt iiave sutie'ed tii s alk^ur- dity to jiabS you at p. 230. Jnd u:lun Llieij did so, that connider- at'wn u:hiJi under an cxLraurdiiinnj Prroidence cami stro,i;^'lj/ in aid of thf rural ari';ument far another Life, had no i.-'- -Hvy vi^der the com, no: ove to open to i-hent the j)ros])eets of fi-f' j. Now does not a hiJe common sense .siiew you tluif ' otmnou and extra- ordinary arc got into each other's pkice ? If th>' suijject had bei n some iinportaat critici^jui about aii ac or au el, \ suppose you would 1757] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, S^J 1757. Under this year I find the following memoran- dum on the back of a note for 50/. (lent April 8, 1755): "If I die before this note of hand is dis- charged, I oi-der it to be released, and given up to iny friend v/ho signed it. Witness my hand, Feb. S, 1757- W. Bowyer." He had a consider- able number of such notes for smaller sums, many of them in like manner released, and some of more than ;jO years date. 'jflie principal books of this year were, *' Memoirs of the Marquis of Clanricarde, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Commander in Chief of the Foi-ces of Charles L in that Kingdom during the Rebellion," folio. " Travels or Observations relatins: to several Parts of Barbary and the Levant. Illustrated with Cuts. The Seajnd Edition, v.ith great Improvements. By Thomas Shaw*, D.D. F.R.8. Regius Professor of Greek, and Principal of St. Edmund Hall, in the L^niversity of Oxford," 4to. %voul(l ha-.e been more attentive. la short, the leaf must be rc-j)iinted3 and let the passage he reformed thus: IJnd when they (lid no, that cortsidiratlon, u-hiefi under an ordi-uiry Providence came strvngly in aid of the inoral ar:^iantr,t fur another life, had no tendency, under the tairaordinnrii, to ajicn t'l ihcin i'nc proapect of futurity.] Your \ery liuiable .srrviint, Vv. W. P.V. l-i:f).2S, 17i3G." " [Enata, in View of Lord iJoliiKu'rok^;'.-. i'hilosophv, fd. 175fi.] P. 'J05. 1. for, hi: b''ile.^6 Uieni i'.)oy read, Did he believe them ioo^' ^.'y. I. '25. (iele lii- .sccoiid so. [VV. 15. thinks it should be the lii^r .vy. Another uaitiole in whic ii he nJ'ine.s, besides an ac and ei.'] P. yjJ. 1. 7- fo;', one '.-it I'm ycai- l(;9i. He rcdivcd his education at tlie giH:ninar-.^fIiir >! f;f'liiat jj'a.'r; \s.i- a'iiuitiid bachelwr at (queen's eollei'.e, C>.\.ford. (j';i. 5, I ,' I 1 ; v ]: \.' ,v took the degree of B..\. July;', ]'l\(,; M. A. J.tn. ) '.. i; Hi: v.* 1 v into hoiv oidei--:^ Jind vva-j appointed cli. I,. ''-;n to th J.;i:cll-li ilit^tuiv at Algiers In thi'S station lie efjn'. inn d -:\erai uar-, invl from tlienee took opportunities of iravclliiir into ^cv.ial parts. J)uring hii ab-^cnei; Ik; wa- eh(;sen i"' iiow of iii- Coli<'L'v . iMivcli 1<;, 1727; and at hie- return, hi i7J3, took the derive ol' uo. i(,r iu v'.iMIlilN, SSS' LITERARY ANECDOTES O^ [^757* ^' Discourses and Essays, in Prose and Verse^ by Edward Cobden, D. D. Archdeacon of London, knd lately Chaplain to his Majesty King George II. divinity, July 5, 1734 j and in the same year was elected F. R. S. He published the first edition of his Travels at Oxford, in 1738. ; bestowed on the Uni\ei'sity s.onlc natural cuiiosities, and some antlcnt coins and busts, which he had collected in his tra\els ; and three of which are engraved anionc; the Mannora Oxonien- sia, 17^3, No. Ixxiv, Ixxvi. Ixxviii. On the death of Dr. Felton, 1740. he was nominated by his College Piincipal of St. Edmund hall, which he raised from a ruinous condition by his munifi- cence ; and was presented at the same time to the vicarage of Bramley in Hants. He was also Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford till his death, which happened on the 15th of August, 1751. His Travels were ti-anslated into French, and printed in quaito, 1743, with several notes and emendations, commu- nicated by the author. Dr. Pococke, afterwards Bisho]) of Os- son', liaving attacked those Travels in his " Description of the East," our Author published a Supplement, by way of vindi- cation, in 17-lG. In the Preface to the " Supplement" he says (he intent and design of it is paitly to vindicate the Book of I'ravels from some objections that have been raised against it by liie Author of "The Description of the East, &c." He published '' A furtlicr Vintlication of the Book of Travels, and the Supple- ment to it, in a Letter to the Right Rev. Robert Clayton, D. D. Lord Bishop of Clogher." This letter consists of six folio pages, and bears date in 1747- After the Doctor's death, the abo^e-men- tioned second edition of his Travels came out, in ] 757- The contents of the Suj^plement are interwoven in this edition ; and improvements were nrade, and the edition prepared for the press, by the Author himself, who expressly prepared the Work, witix these additions, alterations, and improvements, to the publick, as an essay toward-i restoring tlie anticnt gcogi-a])hy. and placing in a proper light the natural and -(Jinetiuies civil lustory, of those countries where he travelled. For a ni^. re particular accoimt of liis character; I shall sub- join the epitaph on his n-onument in Bi'amky clnu'ch, written by his friend Dr. Joseph Brovvne, pro\ ost of Queen's college^ O.xford, and pi'ofess or of Natural History : " Perem'iuationibus variis per Europam, Africair.. ^\siam.qtie, felicittr abs'dutis, et exuviis n^ortalibus liic loci tandem depositis, coelestem in Patrian} i-emigravit ThOM.^S SHA^V, ST. P. ct R. >. S. Gabrielis fd. Kendaliensis : qui consulibu* iinglicis apud Algcieases primuim 1757-] THE EfGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2Sg above Twenty-two Years, in which Time most of these Discourses were preached before him. Pub- lished chiefly for the use of his Parishioners/' one large 4to volume^ divided into tvTo parts *. prinium crat h sacris ; mox Coll. ]?pgin;e inter Socios ascrlptus ; Auke deij! Saiicti Ednmndi Principalis, ac ej-asdem muiiificus instaurator ; Linj^Uie dennim Grsecse a})iKl Oxouienses Frores.soi- Rea'ius. De Uteris (luantum meruit auc-tor cclebratus. odita 'iisuiie testabuntuv opera, pyramid ibi:.- ipsis, qua-j penitius inspcxorat, ptrenniora ibrsau extitura. Hie, s'udiiri etsi scverioi-ibu.- indies occu})atusj hor'is Uimcn siibsecivis emicuit eruditus idem et faeeius conviva ; 0[}tw\i\ qirincpicn ir>< ntis indole et inultipiici sci( ntia in-vrucius, Uteratoruni (^/iiiiium, di'ini forisque, suilr.r-jii.s euinprd'oaliis ; iJiai^jiivtim, proccruirique popidariuni, faniiliari iniirnitiis notitifi; nee Kumniis in eeclc;.:ia dignitalibus impir, falo tamen ini'.jao evenit, ut }^runi!e\ensis obiret paroaeiai Vicarius pcne sexagcnarius XVIII. cal. SL-pt. A.D. 1751. Uxor Jr() eopie- only were ]v-n the year> i; iO:-Mid i;..! : iirCi-iiied lo ihe ].:vi i ; iiers 111' .\(ion, an.l oi'llu- iinilcd j):i;;di(> oL" 'i. .\ii-'ie aad ><;. lailh, i',,r \\], ( -i-;'> ice {h:'\ \.:.::- t !ii;i!\ <'oiiij.i:^i i. ,\!!; ^' a;.d 1 lir; r .^' rMuMji; j ;v:; ! d r;i'ii.- \\\:' i.oird i,,i' ill.'..'!"', d in ; . 'J./i . i :.t. l:^^; t!;.:t: h.- |,)-e;.;ii.J I>:'i')r.- the .-iiii'; \s:i> 1^ e. :,. )<,";!. JL ix- Lr.-.' Ij;-^ wari'o.l t'a- i haidain X^n.'l.',, I7:. J; a.', i-hwinj; d( !i\ ici! into hi- M 'j^-i\\ n'aid, iii- iva-.ai^ ii! ;\ .ilMii'; h;.' so douiLT. '' A.- a-v .aid iidirunUci," ho l-'Il:^ llie:n, ' h.'.vc e\tu alnio>: r'i^-. \0L.U. V iii'ltd 2f)0 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l757' In tills year Mr. Bovvyer having undertaken, at the request ot ].)r. Warburton, to correct the proof- slieets of the Third Volume oi" the Divine Legation, l]\en printing at another press ; took the hberty of jiVjled me from instnictino; you in the pulpit (after fifty years constant discharge 7. Rkv. Sik, You say, p. 109, ' The Jews had lost the .--overcign administration of justice [or the judicial power of life and death] from the time of Pompey." This is hurely a mistake. Pompey, by conquering Jerusalem, made the Kings of Judea tributary; but those Kings (as I believe all other tributary Kings) retained the power of Life and Death, till the country was reduced to a prcivince after the banishment of Ar- chelaus, A. D. J. I need not iiu^uire into the usual state of tri- butary Kings : Josephus is express in the very point bePin-e u-, ^\'ars, ii. c. 8. 1. as in Whiston's version: And now Archdauss 'part ofjudcu iras reduced to a province; and Coponius, one of tlic ]'.'puiitriuu order amott'^ the Romans, itYW se)it Procurator, havvv^ the power of Life and Death put into his hands by Ca-sar. \ j)()wer therefuiv wliieh Ai'chelaus exercised before. ^\'hat the Jlistorian relates. Facts recorded in Sacred History contirni. Did not Herod tlie Great think he had the power of Life and Death when he .^lev,- the infants? A. D. .'-57. Caligula ga\e the Tetrarehy of Philijj to Herod Agrijipa; and Claudius, A. D. 41, added Judea ejid Samaria to it, Jos. Ant. xviii. c. 6. 10. Dur- ing tins depul(^r! king-hii-', he exercised the power of the sword; and as Herod Autipa^ had i>efore ix'headed John, so he [Agrip- pa] put Jame-, to lieath, Acts xii. 2, S.c. Which, if I remember right, Air. L;'.r;h; r ia iiis Crtdibidty, ixc. obsei-\es is a proof of the verity oi" the ^-ciijjtui'e Hi^toiy, \viueli lixes fieti so aureeably to the Con^tituiioa of the llD'.nan (ioverniiu'at, and plaee^ the iieath of Jam; - iin.h'r a King wii!) ha:l not abu*c three year-, to (xorvise that j)i)\\\r ovi'r hiai. )'. 101, 'Ar mis ti.mk (ononias, a Roman Ki>ig!il, \s;i-, u:iui: d Pnnaira*or of Judea,' i.e. duriiig the tlrret- oi- lour wwr-' ol' Clii-i-r's miaistjy. I ihinl: !ie w;i-, nol. I'opoiiiu-, u.i- -.1) .\. \). 7 , '- ^^' ^'-" .i'''>" M-'.r.ii- \m!)i.lu-:. i'ir.ii .Ani'/n-, |{nfu->. \fl,rtli;' il'ii'h of Ai.u:Mi-.iu^, (//7'/,7,s- was j)ru(-.nul.;r Ibi- eleven \r;ir-^: ;u,l Ponl 'lii- Pii.Jr iie\t for t,n, Jt;-. \nt. \\i:i. c. 'j, C. in A. i). ;;:,, I'il.U:' was .,eiu liai Iv to Il-i::- ; mm! A, 1). VAJ, they \vt-)L without an\ itroeuiali-i-. A. 1). .'.;, I'iln liu^ dic.i. 1 need go no fiutiier. 1 -.vrite I hi- tVoiii suili uv !noi:a(imii', as 1 had cir.-orily n>a:lc, without now re-('\a'"!iiMiii ; them. \\ here }ou are ati:i< Ivina" '-;reat men. vuu -houlil \\ lie: waril\ : aiid tiiyuii,-h ' t : v'.>i; ZgY LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1757- " A Natural History of Fossils, by Emanuel Mendez Da Costa *, Fellow of the Royal and Anti- quarian Societies of London, and Member of the Imperial Academy Naturae Curiosorum of Germany, Vol.1. Parti." 4to. you are a Lion in cnntro\ers}', do not refuse the assistance of a Mouse to diseijtaugle 30U ; even, Sir, your most humble ser- ,vant, W. B. P. S. Since I had written the above, I see in the Papers you have a new acquisition of Preferment [the Dcanry of Jiristol.] I know not in wliat light I stand with you j but I shall always rejoice in the rise of learned men, and in whatever will add to your happiness in particular." 2. " Sir^ In answer to what youha^e fo^()ured me with, I reyAy, 'That a power precari- ously enjoyed, and ready to be abolished at the Nod of a Conqueror, can never be called sovereign, which implies the being fi'ee and independent, without the worst abuse of words, which is the quibbling with them.' I am obliged to you for your congratu- lation. Your adding, that yoii know not in what light yoii stand loith mc surprizes me, since I have given you no occasion to m.ake it a doubt 5 unless ?vlr. continuing to print this volumk has afforded the occasion. But, had I taken it from him, I know in what hght I must have stood v.ith honest and candid men. Last year, afteu havixc; doxe so much work for me, and while you had copy in jour hands to do more, you surprized me with a message, that you could not print the second Volume of the D. L. for me, because you and your Partner had squabbled about the types. On tliis occasion I was forced to put it into the handsofMr. . Could I in DECExcYand common honesty take it out, because, before he had finished it, you was become disengaged, and ready receive the work ? Howe^ er, on the receipt of your letter at Durham, acquainting me with Mr. Mil- lar's readiness to let you ha\e the remainder of the Volume to print, I wrote to hint, to fell him, that if Mr. was so dis- posed, you might have it ; l>ut tl>.at I would leave the m;itler to himself. You talk of mv attacking great men: I hope you don't reckon Taylor in tiie number. I lan your faithful friend and servant, W." * Librarian to the Royal Society, and member of the Botanic Society in Florence. He publisiied, in 1776', " Elemems of Conchology, or an Introduction to the Kno-ivledgc of Shells, with some Plates, convainiug Figures of everv (ienus of Siiells," Bvo ; and in 177S ''British Conchology, &e." in 4to. Proposals for printing his " F'v;sils" by subscription were circulated in 17f>C; and in the Preface, Mr. Da Cosva declares, that "he then published so much of the work as the a-sistance he had received would enable him to do ; and tliat the rost was i-^ady for te.e press, and would be published wivh speed proportioned to the generosity of thcte whiO think su.'h researches '.^ orlhy of cucoii- rit^reoitnt." 1757'] ''^^ EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 2^3 Mr. Farneworth's Translation of " Davila's His- tory of France," 2 vols. 4to. "Of the Vices incident to an Academical Life; a Commencement Sermon, at Cambridge. By the Rev. Dr. W. S. Povvel * ;" two Editions. A Second Edition of Dr. Brown's " Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times," 8vo. Bishop Hoadly's " Sixteen Sermons," 8vo ; and his " Letter to Clement Chevallier -j~, Esq." 8vo. * Of whom, see under the year 1776. f This Letter was occasioned by the nefarious attempt of one Bernard Fournier, by a forged note over a frank of Bishop Hoadly, to defi-aud him of no less a sum than S,SOOZ. The Bisliop, it is well known, was obHged to call Fournier and his note into Chanceiy, where he obtained a judgment in his favour. A full account of this iniquitous transaction may be seen in Chancellor Hoadly's Life of his Father, p. xxiii. The Letter to Mr. Clie- vallier was an astonishing performance of a Divine turned of eighty-one years of age 3 and he recei- ed many compUments on that account from some of the greatest lawyers of the age. Mr. Walpole humorously said, ' Tne Bi.-iiop had not only got the better of his adversary (Fournier), but of old age." I may add, as a typographical anecdote, that this smdl pamjihht ii.p[)ears to have undergone so many revivals and corrections, that the mere typographical alterations cost the Bishop 10/. In the Preface to this Letter the Bishoj) savs, " As Fcjurnier's atikir lias given occa.sion to many to make very particular enquiries about an- other convert from Popery [I mean Mr. Pillouierc], who once lived with me, with regard to his ciiaracltT aiul whole beliaviour, it may not be improper to speak a word or two about him ; by which I may .salisfj' the curiosity of sOiiiu, and rectify tin; nn'.-.- takes of others , who, I find, iia\e e()nfouud(,d them. Mr. Pillo- nieic was of the iSocietv of Je.-^u-, ^.nil a ])ri''-t. lie came to England at the end of the year \',\A ; but p. piiii'ie. that it was known and attc-ied ijy nnui;. '!V;.^ >,iK i-, \\!;<) i)ap- pened to be thereat ihat tinv. In Ih:- Acn-ni, ( ,ir\ -i. j) liy which he was gradually Icfl to tul.v- hi- it liiiinn .a- lii.! h--- fore the woild, uith so man}- minuic j-arti; nl:'!'-, tlial 'n-- , from 'Ji- b- gmiiii'v;, al\v,i\-- ., Jv m 2^4 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l757. ''Letters concerning Taste *, by [Mr. Cooper], tlie Author of the Life of Socrates -J-," 8vo ; (th^ jthird edition, with additions), without reserve, to name eierv pbco ,in which he had hvecif, through his whol; education, and residence, among the Jesiiits. flow diflerent a procedure from that of the other, who.-e preci- pitate flight, in the greatest hurry, is hardly yet explained. I %ill not conceal fr>>ni the Reader, that Mr. Pilionieve did not, for some part of his time, behave towards me agreeably to his obligati(ni3. This, I soon founii, was occasioned by my not judging it proper ^V^r me to interest myself at all^ by any solici- tations of mine, for promoting and increasing a collection of money, set on foot by some >vorthy gentlemen, in his favour, without the least motion from me. And this by degi-eos put an end to all direct coirespoadence between us. After this, he was very profuse in giving away to others, in appearance of want, that competency which had been most kindly provided for him by his fiiends. By this weakness he ^oon found himself reduced to great necessities ; and then acce{)ted from mc, through a friend s hanr'.-, a small yearly allowance ; but without any at- tempt, or suspicion of atteoipt, to supply his wants by forging money-notes, over the names of others. At length, from the study of the mathematical and other viseful branches of learn- ing, he suddenly departed into the golden dreams of the lowest chemical iirojectors. This cb.ange was suceeedetl bv a sort of religious madness, in which he wsis not cojitent with his tisual great temperance ; but brought himself to believe tliat, by the promises of God in Scripttu'e, a good man might, by degrees, come to live without taking any sustenance at all. In this attempt, he went to such excess, th;it his condition at last coidd not receive any benefit from a contrary regimen. And by this nianag'ement he brought himself to death, in the midst of imagi- nary virions and nightly con\ ersations with Hea\ en. Btit enotigh of Mr. Pilloniere. In 1726 was pubii.-iicd, " La Republiqiie do Platon ; ou de Juste et de I'lnjuste. Tradtiit par M. De laPillon- niere : imprim-S u Londres, aux frais, ('t sur les yeux dti Traduc- tetir ,' a handsome quarto volume of 310 pages, and SO of Pre- face, dedicated to King George 1. * On (he hrst a})pearance of the "'Letters on Taste'" it was observed, that Mr. Cooper's "genius seemed to shine more in descripticn than m definition; that he had more of imageiy than of s[)eculati()n ; that his iuiaginatinn was tlie strongest talent of his mind; and that, if he had nt)t attempted to ofilr ar.y tiling new on the subject of Taste, he was ah\ays so cnteriainirig, spiritc.i, and splendid in hi; diction, that the reader wlio is not instructed by him, cannot fail of being j)Ieased and diverted.' Literavv iNIagar.ine, 17.>7, P- 134. i" John Gilbert Cooper, esq. of Thuignrton in Xotlingham- shu'c, was the son of a gentleman of fortime and family. Afrer passing through Weslmiaster school, nndrr Dx. i\ichols, along ni, to lind tiiuo to %i.sit t lie recess of (nie, wll(J^e contempt of every a(i\aut.igt.- of life, but what conduced to quiet, slujuid, it was iioped, protcLt hiin from the poisonous breatli of fliat dauj^htcr of Lavy. jjut I was greatly mistaken, it seems, in m\ huuib'.- e\pL'f.ta(:..ii, j fori hud scarceli ixgun to feel the calui couifort-) \.hi(h ttie absence (jf coniention yields to a lhinkii:g crealur>'. hclijic 1 sv.is inforirM'd by letters i'lom some friends in town, tlmi Mr. V\ ui'- l;urt(m had, with his u-iial hiunanlly ami ;;(j(>(l nnniici-, \^ry compendiously jussweri d t!ie ' Lif> ot' Sociitc-,' in llu' tail of one note, hvtliefrcc u.se of tho-e a,Ji)eilation.-. li li.i> in;ioiu iu- t\tr ;;-- P'ei;'-d to have the ra-hue^j to coiiinul'' t anv ul in- 'ipii);.!:-. Ifnv- 296 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l757- "Travels in Egypt and Nubia, by Frederick Lewis Nordeij," folio and 8vo ; with the original plates, Howsoever this wouW have alarmed me heretofore, as aa au- thor, from the pen of any other person, it had no effect upon me then ft'om the wiiter it pe-a.ks of an opponent Tvithont it. But as indif- ferent as I was about my character as a writei-, I can't say I wa^ quite so easy \^'hen I was afterwards told that he had attacked it as a man. Upon this I wrote to him, that I thought lie had used me very ill, and should take a pi'oper notice of him for it in pubhc ; in answer to which he tells a friend of mine, ' That he was surprised 1 should think myself ill-used, for that he had never mentioned my name or writings in public, or in conver- sation, but with honour, till I had wrote a book wherein I had , treated him through the whole with a seiuTility worse than Bil- lingsgate ; and that he had now taken no other revenge than the casual mention of the Author of the 'Life of Socrates' (without the mention of my name) with a slight joke.' I will ask any impartial reader, if there is the least reflection through the whole ' Life of Socrates,' or the notes, upon Mr. Warburton's morals ? whether I have not confined my criticism to his practice as an author? a:ad whether every thing therein advanced cannot be proved over and over again by citations fi'ora the ' Divine Lega- tion,' and his other tracts ? At tb.e same time I desire one part of the dispute betwixt us may be finished by an answer to these questions: Is not calling a guiltless man an impudent slanderer, calumny, and quite a dirierent revenge than a slight joke ? and lias not Mr. Warburton done thit in the nele in question ?" Mr. Cooper wrote some numbers of the periodical paper called " The World 5" was author of " Ver Vert, or the Nvmnery Par- rot, an Heroic Poem in Four Cantos, inscribed to the Abbess of j)**vt** . translated from the French of Monsieur Gresset 3" re-jvrinted in the first volume of " The Repository, 1777;" and published a volume of " Poems on several Subjects, 1764," 8vo; in which many of his little poems, originally printed in *' The Museum," and in " Dodsley's Collection," are collected. "These poems," savs Mr. Dodsley, " having been very fo.vourj.bly received by the publick when they first a})peared, at different times, in detached pieces, the author has been prevailed upon to permit me to collect them into this small volume. When I requested him to give jne a preface, he ivplied, "That to those v/hom such triiles afforded pleasure, a formal introdaelion v,ould be unneces- sarv ; that he wrote most of them when he was very young, for his own anui.sem.ent, and i)ub'ished them afrervvards for my profit; and, a'< they had once answered both thoe ends, was very lifde so'ieitou- vvliat would be tlK- fate of them for the future." "A Father's Ad\Jce to his Son,"' by Mr. Cooper, is in the third volume of Fcarch'g Collection. He was author also of i75y.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. QQy procured by Mr. Lockyer Davis ; originally written in French^ and translated by Dr. Peter Templeman*. of "^A Project for raisinj^ an Hospital for decayed Authoi-s," re- printed in the second volume of Dodsley's Fugitive Pieces." His elegant Latin epitaph on an infant son, who died the day after he was born, 1749, is printed in Gent. Mag. 1778, p. 4S6, with a whimsical poetical translation. * Mr. Norden was born at Gluckstadt in Holstein, Oct. 22, 1 70S. His father was a lieutenant-colonel of artillery, and himself was bred to arms. Being intended for the sea service, he entered, in 1722, into the corps of cadets, a Royal establishment, in which young men are instructed in such arts and sciences as are ne- cessaiy to form good sea-officeis. Here he is said to have made a great progress in the mathematicks, ship-building, and draw- ing, especially in tiic last. He copied the works of the greatest masters in the art, to form his taste, and acquire their manner ; but he felt a particular pleasure in drawing fi'om Nature. The first person who took notice of this rising genius was M. De l-icrche, knight (;f the order of the Elephant, and grand master of the ceremonies. This gentleman put into his hands a collec- tion of charts and topographical plans belonging tt) the King, to be rc-touched and amended, in which Mr. Norden shewed great skill and care ; but, con:-;idering his present employment as foreign to liis protession, M. Do Lerche, in 1732, presented liim to the King, and procured him, not onl\' leave, but a pen- sion to enaijie him to ti-avelj tiie ICing likewise made him, at the same time, second lieutenant. It was particukuly recom- mended to him tt) study the consiruction (jf shij)s, especially siich galleys and rowing vessels as are used in theiUediterranean. Accordingly he set out i'or Holland, Vvhejc lie s0(>n became ac- fjuainted with the admirers oF antiquities and tiie })olite arts, and with several distinguislied arti.-ls, ])articulany De Revter, who took great pleasure in teaching him to (rngrave. From Holland he went to Marseille, and tlu'uce to Leghorn, staying in each jjlace so long as to ii!t'or:n liin-.r^rlf in every thing the place furr.i-hed relating to the design of his voyags'. At this last port he g eiirici'- both in antifjuities and medals, and of makin'-', hi- ;id\;ini;i;:.' (.i" the great works of painting and scii!])tun-, e^[)!'(ially at liw.nv and Florence. At the latter city iie v>a> iiruie a uic^iii.er of the Prav.ing Academy, and in this (ity li" .cciivcd ;.;i (nder from The King to go into Egypt. C hri.rli::a '^ 1. \v;i,-- dc-irr.Uh of havin;:: a circumstantial account of acounti\ ><> ;la more j.ropir il,;in Mr. Nor- 2yS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l757' The following Letter, printed by Mr. Bowyer, was this year sent officially to all the Members of the Society of Antiquaries ; " SIR, Dec. 8, 1757. " It is now near two years, since the Society of Antiquaries of London printed, at the request, and Norden. He was then in the flower of his age, possessed of great abilities, of a fine taste, and a courage equal to e\ery danger or fatigue ; and, to crown all, a strong desire of examin- ing upon the spot the wonders of Egypt, before he rccei\ed the oi'der of his master. How he acquitted himself in this bu- siness appeal's in his " Tmvels." He stayed in these coimtrics about a year, during a\ hich the King further promoted him j and at his return, when the Count of Danneskiold-Samsoe, who was at the head of the Marine, presented him to his Majesty, the King expressed himself greatly pleased with the masterly designs he had made in his travels, and desired he would draw up an account of them. At this time he was made captain- lieutenant, and soon after captain of the Royal nav}', and one of the connnissioners for building ships. When the war broke out between England and Sjjain, Coiuit Danneskiold-Samsoe jjroposed to the King, that several of the officer^ of his Majesty's navy should go as vohmteers into the sei*vice of the powers at war : and chose I\Ir. Norden, in particidar, to accompany his own nephew. Count Ulric Adolphus, then a captain of a man of war, in such expeditions as the English should hajjpon to undertake. On their arrival in Lfjndon, iMr. Xortlen, who^e fame liad pie- ceded him, was received with distinguished favour ; several of the most cc.nsiderable men at Court, and even the Prince of Wales, hearing' of the drawings he had made in Eg}})t, were curious to see iliem, and shewed him great kindness. I'iie fol- lowing siunmcr he accompanied the Count on an expedition under Sir John Norris ; and in 1/40, he again went on board the fleet destined to America, under the command of Sir Cha- loner Ogle, with a design to reinforce Admiral \'eruon. After *^his, Mr. Xorden spent about one jear in London in great esteem, and was admitted a member of the Royal Society. On tliis oc- casion he gave the publick, under the i)atronage of Mi-. Folkes, an idea of some ruins and colo.-sal statwe.i, intituled, " Drawings of some Ruins and Colossal Statues at I'hebes inEg\ptj witli an Accounc of the same, in a Letter to the lloyal Society, 1742." Tliis Essay, with the plates belonging to it, gained him new applause, and heightened the de.-Jre that the publick had before conceived of seeing that work entire, of which this made only a small part. About this time he found hi- healtli declining, and propo;ed to the Count to take a toiu' to France, and to visit the coasts and ports of that kingdom, in hopes that a change of climate might have been a means of establishing his health j but he died at Paris, in 1742j much regretted by his ac- 1757-1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 29^ for the use of its Members, ' A short Account of some Particulars concerning Domesday Book, with acquaintance, as a person who had done honour to his countrv, and from wliom the world had great expectations. * Di'. Templemun was the son of an eminent aitorney at Dor- cliOriter, in tlie county of Dorset (by Maiy, daughter of Robert llayneri, a gcntlen];m wiio was bred at VVadham coilege, Oxford, and bec^imc a merchant at Bristol, b\it, when advanced in years, quitted business, and rctii'cd to Yeovil in Someisetshirc)^ wlio died 1749, and his widow 19 years after him, siged 9.5. Dr. Templeman was bbrn March 17, 1711, and was educated at the Ciiarter-hoase (not on the foundation), from whence lie pro- ceeded to Tiinity college, Cambridge ; where lie took his degree of Bachelor of Arts ^vith distinguished rejnitation. During hii residence at (Cambridge, by his own inclination, in confor- mity with that of his parents, he applied himself to the study of Divinity, with a design to enter into holy orders ; but after some time, from what cause we know not, lie altered his ])lan, and apjilied Iiimself to tiie study 01 j.'livsiv'. In the year I73(i ho went to l^eyden, where he attended the lectures of Dr. IJoerhaave, and tilt; I'lofessdis i)f the (jther branches of medicine iu that celebrated University, for the sjiuce of two years or more. About the beginning of 1739 he returnetj to J^ondon, with a view to enter on the practice of his profesoion, .u{>})ortcd liy a handsome allowance from his tathei". Why lie did not succeed in that line, was easy to be ;iccouutcd far by those who knew liim. He was a inan of a very lib* lal tui'n of mind, of general erudition, with a large ac(iuaintauce auiouv.-t the learned of dif- ferent professions, but of an indolent, inactive dispo.'ilion ; he could not enter into juntos with jK>()|>ie thiit were not to ]ii~ liking; li!' could ncji cultivate the ac(ii'aini um'c to be met with at tea-tables ; lie could not intrigue wicli nui: .--, nor a-^ociate with the vai'ious knot-; of ])ert, insipid, wi'li-lircd, impcri incut , good-humoured, malicious go.-iii;s, llial are often found so use- fid to intiodiicc a young ph\>i(i.ui into i))a(;tice : but rather clioe t(j employ hi- time at hoiiic in tlie pcru.-al of an ingciious author, m' to spenl an Attic evening in a select company of men of -rnr,.: ;uul lear:iii\g. In thi> he i^'-cmliled hi.-. i)r;)i!!< r .\nn- stnjna', \vh(/-i: limitrd j)riictice in IiIt profession w a- owing to til" .li'iue (au'^c. Ii: tlie latter end of ;iu' ycai' 17.")0!ie \\\\- iiUro- dii''( (1 to i)r. I-"othcrgi!l (bv Pr. ('muin-.-, tlu '.'rier.d to \\lii)in I \\;is i Ml!' hied foi'the iiironnatir.'n in thi- noie) \\\\\\ a%i->w ofin.-tiltitlng ; .Mer.i' ;dSoc'ieI\ , i;i older to ])i-ocure the e:M!i(--t iiiieiiigcuee of < 'erv impiOMiiienl in pliy.^ick from t\ei\ iiaif of luu-ojic. \\\ r\l;:.(jt fjon; one of hi-, 1( tter- will \v\\v -ouie iilca of thi> plan, A'.liic'n iie\cr took eliect. " 1 spent tli" '.-.hole afu inoou _\(-tei- dav u Jth Dr. Fotheigdl in M-itlinu' lii p! 'u of our (! -i-n. whieli in -hort i., thi,-, : liy a seit'i d n-^alar eoi k p.nidcii'c in tlie prin- < ipal clues of Europe, to h,i\<' tiie \\\y<-' ;!> md lll:eiuc of tlie Jaiiirovemcnt:-; in cheiai!rt)'\ . an.Uoinv boUun, ( l;itur;;< i' of lUe lie.-uhiig- room, wliifhhe resigned , and ConuDCi-ee. in the year 'Tfri h<' ^\..- ciirtid a coi n- ji(iii(hno- memb( r of the .floyal Ac;'. my u'i Seio;^., rX i'.uis. and ;i! '> of the Oeeonomical Society at iienie. \'- ry ciily in \\w Dr. Tcm pieman was afllicted witli sivcre paruxy-ius oi wu a^tlmia, \\hi(h eliuLd 302 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [^ 757' industry, collected and pointed out several helps and assistances from transcrijits and printed copies of sundry parts of tliat venerable Record come to his knovvledi^, which will greatly contribute to lessen the expence of, and facilitate the completing that laudable inidertaking ; hoping, from the ex- tended and collective enc[uiries of other worthy eluded tlie force of all that either his own skilly or that of the inost eminent physicians then lixing, could suggest to him j and it continued to harass him till liis death, which happened Sept. 23, 1769. In 1/45 he mentioned this disorder to a medi- cal friend as retuining more \ioIently and frequently tlian ever, and in regular attacks, like an ague. His fiiends thought him in a giiUoping consumption ; and by tiieir advice he went to Hampstead, to drink sxsses milk. " After lodging there," he says, " to no manner of purpose more than a month, I returned to town, and now began to tliink 1 had nothing else to do but to a])ply to quackery, and hesitated a little betwixt Ward and the Bisliop of Clo\ne. I conchided, ho\ve\er, that the first place was due to the Church, and accordingly entered upon Tar-water." MS Letter. He was esteemed a person of great learning, particularly \vith respect to languages, spoke French witli great Uucncy, and left the character of a liumane, generous, and polite member of society. Of his two brothers, Giles is now rector of VVinborn St. Giles, and of ( hessilborn in the county of Dorset, to \vhich he was presented by the Earl of Shaftesbury and Lord Risers. Nathaniel, solicitor of Lincoln's Inn, one of the sLxty clerks in Chancery, and one of the commissioners ol hackney-coaches, died Dec. '21, 1774. Dr. Templeman's uncle WiJliani was also an attorney, and was clerk of the peace for the coimty of Dorset from the accession of George II. to the time of liis dcatli, in 1751. He married Ehzabeth, daughter of Andrew Purchase, ahlerman of Dorchester, and great grand- daughter to Bisliop Ironside, by whom he had i'our sons, all living in 1782: William, stew;ird to the late Prince of Wales for Dorset and SouK^rset, for several \'ears, to the time of the Prince's death, and one of the conunis^ioners of the Lottery; Natiianiel, rec- tor of Aimer and Li^dera 17^3-4, and of the Holy Trinity and St Peter in Dorchester, 17^^ ; Picli^.vd, rector of St. James, Shaftesbur} , and of Con:![>ton Aubas ci \Yest Compton ; and John, an atioi'ncy-at-law in Dctrcliester.-- Jt may not be improper to distinguish Dr. Pever Teiuj^ieman from Mr. Thomas Temple- man, the author of " Engraved Tables, i'!)j;taiuingC'alculations of the number of square I'.sc-t and P.Jop!e iii t'le several Kingdoms of the World ;" who was a wri.ir.g-iTiaster in th.e town of St. Edmm.d"s Bury. Both are oflen eonf-ui: led, and the latter occas* >nally appears in quotations vith theDoctoi's digrce of the former, 'iliere was no con-ariguiiiity betwixt the Doctor and Mr. Thomas Templeuian's family. ]Mem- 1757-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 303 Members, whose opportunities and means of in- formation might be greater, to supply and reform what was therein wanting. The kind assistance of its' Members in a measure so conducive to this great design, and which had received the sanction of their approbation, the Society could not doubt of; and therefore, having allowed sufficient time, they ap- prehend, for finishing all necessary enquiries on that head, they now think of collecting, and bring- ing into the common stock, the issues of their joint labours and researches. For this purpose I am di- rected, by an order of this day, to acquaint you, that it is their request, that you will be pleased to communicate to them, by the first Thursday in Feb- ruary next, an account of such transcripts, printed copies of, or extracts from any parts of Domesday Book as are come to your knowledge ; expressing therein where, or in whose hands, the same are now deposited*; with such further particulars as you shall juilge material towards promoting and accom- })lishing the publication of that noble Record, which the Society have much at heart, and from which they hope to reap no less emolument than honour. I am, with great respect and esteem. Sir, Your most obedient humble servant, iVom the House of the WiLL. NoRRis, Secretary. Society of Antiquaries, 1)1 Chancerv-lane. 1758. " A Report from the Connnittee appointed to enquire into the Origiiuil Standard of Weights and iMeasures in this Kingdom, and the Laws relating thereto; with the Proceedings of the House of Commons thereujjon-i^; published by their Order," folio. [77/ /'.y was one of thejirst IForks on which I iV(fs employed as a Compositor. J "' These enquiries ])roiluccd but few ivtiiriis. The objccl of tlieui, however, \v:is afterwards eneelually obtained h\ the niuni- cence of the Lr-i^-ishiture, in l)resenli:l^ ibe whol'j \sork to llie jjubiiek, as will be noticed in the j)nij)er place. I "This Rejjoit deserves to be nio.e kuown. Though it pro- duced no etjcct, )et itdi-pla\ed -lUcU 'a sjiilit of eii'-ouy. and 304 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l758. " The Roman Antiquities of Dionysius Halicar- nassensis, translated into English, with Notes and Dissertations*, by Edward Spehn an -1^, Esq." 4 vols. 4to ; a work of considerable merit. such a thorough knowledge of so nice and iuiportant a subject, that it would have done honour to the Koyal Society with Sir Isaac Newton at their head. The late Lord Carysfort was Chairman of the Committee. I think I have seen an article in the Encyclopedie, that Alfred (or some other monarch) obliged all England to use the same weights and measures, which they gravely observe to be a very proper and desirable practice. But EngUshmen often like better to suffer the inconveaionces of fol- lowing their own fancies than submit to beneficial restraints," 2'. F. * Namely, " A Dissertation concerning the Arrival of Mneas in Italy;" and " A Fragment out of the Sixth Book of Polybius ; containing a Dissertation upon Government in genei'al, particu- larly applied to that of the Romans ; w ith a Description of the several Powers of the Consuls, Senate, and People of Rome, translated from the Greek, with Notes ; to which is prefixed a Preface, wherein the System of Polybius is apj)Ued to the Go- vernment of England] and to the above-mentioned Fi-agment concerning tiie Powers of the Senate is annexed a Dissertation upon the Constitution of it." Tiiis Dissertation had been ori- ginally published in 1743, without a name. " I bad my rea- sons," says Mr. Spelmau, " for not putting my name to the book ; though my bookseller thought lit to annex mv name, or something like my name, to what he called a second edition, without my knowledge, and to udd to it a most imi)ertinent thing of his own." VVhat the "most impertinent thing" added by the bookseller was, or m hether there really was a second edition, I have not been able to discoTer. It seems to in)])ly that the book- seller added a new title, and perliaps a preface, to tlie unsold copies." Mr. Bowyer afterwards printed for Mr. Spelman a few copies of " A Dissertation on the Presence of the Patricians in tlie Tributa Comilia," 4to; whicli were given grtituitously to his friends. -|- Mr. S})clrnan, whose residence was at j4igii House, near Rougham, xVorfolk, was the great-great-grandson of the famous Sir Henry Si)elman. He wn also the tran:3iator of Xcnophon"s " Expedition of Cyrus, 1740," '2 \oIs. ftvo ; which lie declicated to Lord Lovell, a (ki,cendant from Sir Edward Coke, cliief justice, afterwcirds Viscount Coke and Earl of Leicester, whom he celebrates for his 1- arning and great tasrc. I'he original pubhshcr was R. Wellington ; anJ it was I'c-printed in one volume, 177o- Mr. Spelman dicil M;.;rch 13, 1767, In 1775 were ymblis'ied, "Two Tracts on the following Subjects: I. "Ad- ditional Observations on the Greek Accents ;, intended as a Sup- plement to what has been already said on tliat Subject, in the Preface to the Rom'in Antiquities of Dionjsius Halicarna^-^en- gis, by the late Edward Spelman, Esf|. PaLlishcd bv the Ft all his life. I sliould have thought it nide to ha\e said the same of country gentlemen, though they are not obliged to understand Greek, \vhi("h can hardly be said of gownsmen without affront : yet I understand the sjjcech wa=; intended as a compliment to me." T. F. * Of whom see before, p. '279. f A ])anegyric on Sh- Armine Wodehouse and his anco^^tors. X Robert Potter was educated at Etnaniicl coIl<>g<', (,anil)iid:j,i' B.A. I74I; M. A. 1788; and prebendary of Xorwieh. His tir,i prefermeni was the vicarage of Scaining, Norfolk. He wa-. a < iui- racter of the highest di>tiiiction as a cla^.iical -cholar ; the litei iry world having- S\wn most iutrinsi(;ally indehte! to him for excel- 1( at poetiial vcr.-ions of the three Greek Tra^xiiian-. He pub- lished, l774,anorlav() voi(,ujicof Poem-, nio-i i)i"ulii'-h liad 1)^ f<.re a[)})eare(! >^pj)arat-.ly, many very pn-.tty <:o!n(i(-iiions, particulailv a beautiful Farewell Hynm to the CountiN . in ir.i(a!i,.ii of Sprn- Rer. Tiiree \tars after thi^, his translation of .'l^sehyli,'^ ni:'.de its appearance in a quarto volnm^", and ha-> -inc l-rrn .-prin'ul. with the addilion of uotes, in 'v.- vulumcs uc'a\o. Of the \- Vot, li. X c.ll'.i.ce 306 LITEEARY ANECDOTES OF [175^. ** Imitations of Horace, by Thomas Nevile *, M A* Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge," 8vo. cellence of this translation it is hardly possible to say too much j many of the parts are so exquisitely beautiful as to leave us in doubt whether any Poet could have accomplished the task with greater success. In 1781 he published the first volume of his translation of Euripides, u\ quartoj in the following year, the second ; and, 1788, that of Sophocles, in the same size. These last-mentioned versions are, on the whole, inferior to his first production, yet they are each of them excellent performances, and equal, if not superior, to those of Mr.Wodhull and Dr. Frankhn. Besides these very laborious works, Mr. Potter published, in quarto, 1783, "An Enquiry into some passages in Dr. Johnson's Lives of the Poets j" and, in 1765, in quarto, "ATranslation of the Oracle concerning Babylon, and the Song of Exultation, from Isaiah, tihap. XIII. and XIV." and "A Sermon on the Thanksgiving for the Peace, 1802." " In his weightiest character, as translaioi* of the Greek Tragedians, we must compliment Mr. Potter on the very singular service which he has done to tiie literaiy world. It was an undertaking wlrlch to many would have appeared too great for tlie life of manj and, considering the success with which so much labour has been accomplished, and the amiable character Mr. Potter beai-s as a member of society, we may well he surprized he had not early attracted the notice of those who are able and willing to confer honours and preferments when they meet with peculiar desert." Memoirs of L'mng Authors, vol. II. p. 153. By his death the republick of letters lost one of its best and most imassuming ornaments. His manners were sim- ple, and his life exemplary. He was a scholar of the Old School; and nothing tempted him to relinquish divine and polite litera- ture. It was not till after he had completed his last translation, that of Sophocles, that Mr. Potter obtained any preferment in the church higher than that of vicar of Lowestoft. He had been a schoolfellow of Lord Thurlow, and had constantly sent his publications to that great man, with(jut ever soliciting a single favour from him. On receiving a co])y of the Sophocles, how- ever, his Lordship wrote a short note to Mr. Potter, acknow- ledging the receipt of his books from time to time, and the pleasure they had affoided him, and requesting Mr. i'otter's ac- ceptance of aprebcndal stall in the catlicdral of Norwich, which, Willi his vicarage, rendered him comfortable for the remainder of a life devoted to those pursuits which best become a profound Scholar and a true Christian. He was foun'.i dead in his bed, at Ix)westott, Aug. 9, 1804, at the advanced age of 83. He is sup- posed to have completed a work, not yet published, but Avhich uoiild be a desirable acquisition to the literaiy world, consisting of biogTaphical notices of Norfolk Literati, from the time of Oucen Elizabeth to the present day. * First of Emanuel, then removeii t(i Jesus college, Cambridge'} B. A. 1745 ; M. A. 1749. In \7(i7 he publi-^hcd a translation of ''Ihe (jeorsics of Virgil," ivoiw the C:.aii!>riilge pre::3.; and in 17Gi> 175S.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 307 Two editions of " Sketches, or Essays on various Subjects, by Launcelot Temple, Esq." [Dr. John Armstrong *] . 17G9 completed " his design of familiarising to the young Reader tlie Roman Satire consistently with the more immediate aim o^ delineating present manners," by his Imitations of Juvenal and Persius. " I received a very obliging letter from Mr.Nevile, in answer to one acknowledging the receipt of his book. I will not trouble him with my thanks ; but leave it to you to assure him of my sincere thoughts of his performance, and of my constant esteem and affection. If it was in my power to make him Master of Jesus, I would offer him my friendship too ; for this being the polite term which the honester part of the gi-eat use, when they mean favours, it would be worth offering. As it is, it is of no worth but to such disinterested men as you." Dr. Warburton to Mr. Hurd, April 2, 175S. " Pray let Mr. Nevile know how much I am pleased with his approbation." Ibid. Sept. 3. Mr. Nevile died Sept. 17, 17H1. * This gentleman, who was born in Castleton parish, Rox- burghshire, where his father and brother were ministers, com- pleted his education in the university of Edinburgh, where he took his degree in ])hysick, Feb. 4, 1732. with much reputation j and publislied his Thesis, as the forms of that University require; the subject was " De Tabe purulenta." In 1735 he pubhshed a little humorous fugitive pamphlet, in 8vo, printed for J. VVil- ford, intituled, " An Es.say for abridging the Study of Physick ; to which is added a Dialogue betwixt Ilygeia, Mercury, and Pluto, relating to the Practice of Physick, as it is managed by a certain illustrious Society. As also an Epistle liom Usbek, the Persian, to Joshua Ward, Esq." The Dedication runs thus : " To the Antacademic Philosophers, to the generous Despiser."* of the Schools, to the deserxcilly-celebrated Joshua Ward, John Moor, and the rest of the munerous sect of insjjired Physicians, this little work is humbly in.seribed, by their most devoted ser- vant and zealous admirer." This piece contains much fun rmd drollery ; in the dialogue, he has caught the very sj)irit of 1..U- cian. It is not marked with his name, but 1 can, on the best authority, assert that he was the author of it. In 1737 he pub- lished, with his name to it, "A Syn()}).^is of the History and (Jure of Venereal Diseases," Hvo, inscribed, in an iii'rei.ious dedication, to Dr. Alexander Stuart, as to "a ] lion who htul an indisput- able right to judge severely of the pei foniiar.cc presented to him." In an advertisement in " The Craftsman, " \n. 5G1, April 2, 1737, Dr. Armstrong says, " This liook contains an Abridgment of the bc\er;d Writers, upon tlie-e Discu-es, in the Venetian Colleelion, and of Dr. Astrue s late Hook upon the same Subjeet ; with Notes upon the v.hole Collection. To which ia prch.ved a new Translation of Dr. IvKiluiaves Pn face to the Leydcn Edition of tho^e Authors, aixl a complete Index of tlie Contents bubjoined " This was soon tuUu'vcd by the " Ueeo- X ^ nomy 30B LinniARY ANECDOTES OF [l758^f An Edition of." Cicero's Tusculan Disputations,'" 8vo. nomy of Love," a poem which has much merit, but, it most be confessed, is too strongly tinctured with the licentiousness of h id. Let me add, however, that his maturer judgment ex- punged many of the luxuriances of youthful fancy, in an edition " revised and corrected by the author" in 1768, It appears by one pf the Cases on Literary Property that Mr. Millar paid fifty guineas for the copy-right of this poem, which was intended as a burlesque upon some didactic writers. It has been observed of Dr. Armstrong, that his w orks have great inequaUties, some of them being possessed of every requisite to be sought after in the most perfect composition, while others can hardly be consi- dered a3 superior to the productions of mediocrity. The "Art of presening Health," his best perf(>rniance, which was published in 1744, and which willtiansmit Ins name to posterity as one of the first English writers, has been honoured \\ith the following testimony of a respectable Ciitic : "To describe so difficult a thing gracefully and poetically, as the effects of a distemper on the human body, was reserved for Dr. Aiinstrong ; who accord- ingly hath nobly executed it at the end of the third book of his Art of presening Health, where he hath given us that pathetic account of the sweating sickness. There is a classical correct- ness ajid closeness of style in this Poem that are tixily admirable, and the subject is I'aised and adorned l^ nmTiberless poetical images." Dr. Warton's " Reflections on Didactic Poetry," an- nexed to his edition of Virgil, vol.1, p. 329. On this work 1 shall also transcribe a beautiful elogium from an eminent phy- sician (Dr. James Mackenzie's " History of Health, &g." third edition, Edinburgh, 1760, pp. 22/, 228) : " Of all the poeticaj performances on this subject, that have come to my hands. Dr. Armstrong's Art of preserving Health is by fer the best. To quote every charming description and beautiful passage of this poem, one must transcribe the whole. We cannot, however, expect new rules, where the principal design was to raise and warm the heart into a compliance with the solid precepts of the Antients, which he has enforced with great strength and ele- gance. And, u];on the whole, he has convmced us, by his own example, that we ought not to blame Antiquity for acknow- ledging " One power of physick, melody, and song." In 1746 Dr. Armstrong was appointed one of the physicians to the Hospital for Lame and Sick Soldiers behind Buckingham House. In 1751 he published his Poem " on Benevolence, " in tblio; and in 1753, "Taste, an Epistle tf) a yoimg Critic." In 175s appeared, " Skeiches, or Essays on various Subjects, by Launcelot Temple, Esq. in Two Parts." In this production, above luentioned, which possesses much }^,nmour and k)iowledgc of the world, und which had a remarkably rapid sale, he is sup- posed i75'8.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. JQ^ Two Sermons of Bishop Sherlock's, printed in 12mo, 1758, for his friend the Rev. WiUiam Clarke, by the Bishop's express j^ermission. posed to have been assisted by Mr. ^^'^ilkes. In 1760 he had the honour of being aip5)ointed j)hysician to tlie army in Germany; where, in 1761, he wrote a i)oem called " Day, an Epistle to John Wilkes, of Aylesbury, esq." In this poem, which is not collected in his Works [it is preserved in Ahnon'i " Ntw Found- ling Hospital for Wit, 177^," vol. V. p. 110], he wantonly hazarded a reflection on Churchill, which drew on him the serpent-toothetl vengeance of that severest of satirists, whose embalming or corrosive pen could deify or lampoon any man, according as he acquiesced withj or dissented from, his political priaciples. " Escap'd from London now four moons, and more, I greet gay Wilks from Fulda's wasted shore, WTiere cloth'd with woods a hundred hills ascend. Where Nature many a paradise has {)lann'd : A land that, e'en amid contending arms. Late smil'd with culture, and liutu riant charms ; But now the hostile scythe has bared her soil. And her sad peasants stance for ail their toil. What news to-day ? I ask you not what rogue. What paltry imp of fortune 's now in vogue 5 What forward blundering fool was last prefen*'d. By mere pretence distinguish'd from the herd ; With what new cheat the gaping town is smit j What crazy Scribler reigns the pix?.sent Wit ; What stuff for winter the Two Booths have mixt 5 What bouMcing Mimick gro\v.s a Roscius next." In almost the last lines of poetry which Churchill lived to write, after referring those who hinted that he wovdd " rim his stock of genius oat" to some writers who had obtained what he thought unmerited celebrity, he thus iK>iatedly concludes the catalogue with Dr. Armstrong : " Let them, with Armstrong, taking leave of Sense, Read musty lectures on lienevolence, Or con x\tc. pages of his gaping Day, Where all iii.s former fmie was liirown away. Where all but barren labour was forgcjt. And the vain stifl'nos of a Letter'd btot ; Let them witii Armstnjug y^x, the tenn ot light. But not one hour of (hukm-ss ; when the night >iusi)ends tiiis mortal coil, wlien Meinory wakes. When for our past mitidoii^-t Conscience takes A deep revenge, when, 1a RcHection led, She draws his curtains, and look-^ ( onifurt dead, IjpX. every Muse be gone j in vain lie lurus And tries to pray for sleep ; an .'Etna burn.s, A uioixj 310 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l758. A more than ^Etna, in his coward breast. And Guilt, with vengeance aim'd, forbids him rest, Tho' soft as plumage from young ZephjT's wing, Jiis couch seems hard, and no relief can bring. Ingratitude hath planted daggers there. No good man can deserve, no brave man bear." I make no apology for this citation ; as it will never obscure the character of a humane, benevolent, kindly affectioned, man of genius, who was incapable of the crime with which he is charged. It may be here observed, that nothing appears so fatal to the intercourse of friends as attentions to politicks. The cordiality which had subsisted between Dr. Armstrong and Mr. Wilkes was certainly interrupted, if not dissolved, by these means. In 1770 Dr. Armstrong published a collection of " Miscellanies," in two volumes; containing, 1. "The Art of preserving Health >" 2. " Of Benevolence, an Epistle to Eumenes ;" 3. " Taste, an Epistle to a young Critic, 1753 ;" 4. '' Imitations of Shakespeare and Spenser J " 5. "The Universal Almanack, by Noureddin Ali," 6. "The Forced Mairiage, a Tragedy;" 7. "Sketches." In an advertisement to these volumes. Dr. Armstrong says, he " has at last taken the ti'ouble upon him to collect them, and to have them printed under his own inspection ; a task that he had long avoided; and to which he would hardly have submitted himself then, but for the sake of preventing their being, some time hereafter, exposed in a ragged mangled condition, and loaded with more faults than they originally had : while [when] it might be impossible for him, by the change perhaps of one letter, to recover a whole period from the most contemptible nonsense. Along with such pieces as he had formerly offered to the publick, he takes this opportunity of presenting it with se- veral others; some of which had lain by him many years. What he has lost, and especially what he has destroyed, would pro- l)ably enough have been better received by the great majority of readers, than any thing he has published. But he never courted the publick. He wrote chiefly for his own amusement ; and because he found it an agreeable and innocent way of some- times passing an idle hour. He has always most heartily despised the opinion of the viobilifij, from the lowest to the highest : and if it is true,, what he has sometimes been told, that the best judges are on his ."^ide, he desires no more in the article of fame and renown as a writer. If the best judges of this ge honour him with their approbation, all the worst too of the next will favour him with theii-s; when by Heaven's grace he'll be too far beyond the reach of their unmeaning praises to receive any dis- gust from them." In 1771 he published "A short Ramble through some parts of France and Italy, by Launcelot Temple;" and in 1773, in his own name, a quarto pamphlet, under the title of " Medical Essays ;" towards the conclusion of which, he accounts for his not having such extensive practice as some of his brethren, from his not being qualified to employ the usual means, frf)m a ticklish state of spirits, and a distempered excess of sensibilitv, |ie complaim much of the behaviour of some of his 1758.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 5 1 1 Mr. George Walker's * ^' Narrative of the Siege of Londonderry," republished by Dr. Brown-|~, who did all he could to reform and revive us, *' as a useful Lesson to the present Times, with a prefatory Address to the Publick," 8vo. " Lectures concerning Oratory, delivered at Tri- nity College, Dublin, by John Lawson J, D. D." 8vo. iiis Brethren, of the herd of Criticks, and particularly of the Re- viewers. He died in September 1779; and, to the no small surprise of his friends, left behind him more than 3000/. saved out of a very moderate income, arising principally fi"om his half- pay. The late worthy Dr. Cuming, a most respectable pli3si cian at Dorchester, his enabled me to add some further traits to the character of this inj^enious writer : " I was early acquainted with Dr. Armstrong, have visited him at his lodgings, knew many of his intimates, have met him in company, but, from my having visited the metropolis so seldom since my residence in Dorsetshire, I was not so weU acquainted with him as I should otlierwise have been, or wished to be. He always ap- peared to me (and I was confirmed in this opinion by that of his most intimate friends) a man of learning and genius, of consi- derable abiUties in his profession, of great benevolence and goodness of heart, fond of associating with men of paits and genius, but indolent and inactive, and therefore totally unqua- lified to employ the means that usually lead to medical employ- ment, or to eibow his way through a crowd of competitors. An intimate friendship always subsisted between the Doctor and the Author of the Seasons, as well as with other gentlemen of learn- ing and genius; he was intimate with, and respected by. Sir John Pringle, to the time of his death." On the authority also of a letter to Mr. Wilkes, in 1795, ftom the widow of Mr. George Armsti-ong, who was the brother of Dr. John Ann- strong, I can assert tliat " Dr. Armstrong had always in his heart a veiy great regard for IMr. Wilkes, as a very pleasant companion, who had always been kind to iiim. In his last ill- ness he said that Mr. \V iikes had got him into tiic Army ; and that, though he had been rash and hasty, he still retained a due sense of giatitude." * " Rector of Donaghmoorc, in the county of Tironc. The work was originally pubiisiied in 1GS9 ; and occaMoiu'd a consi- derable controversy. Mr. VValkci acquired such a military taste by this gallant atchievement, that he sacrificed his life at the battle of the Boyne. It was thought, ha k ;1 Si 5 cS ^ .t ^ H ^ ^ , v^ 5; < >v ^ \ *<^ \ i V N^ \^ '^^ A ^ :^ "* \J M .4^:^>? 1758.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 313 Plays, improved throughout with marginal observa- tions; the Ajax, in particular, is accurate!}^ corrected in the hand-writhig of Mr. Markland *. In revis- ing the Ajax arid Electra, Mr. Bowyer had the as- sistance of Mr. vPalairet ^-. The pains, however,, bestowed on tliis Edition w&re most ungraciously acknowledged by a subsequent Editor J, in 1775. manipulo auxl. In caetem Tnigoe(^l )ti^es quidem n0n nisi eodtesn fonte, ex quo pjiofKixete, sunt'dilygi(di.^^xritJ"oqvie prdi) iwvi eiTores ac- crever^, qtios.petirnus ut'sequa'finimo fefas, luetnor nos aliquam matefianri futuro editon'fuft'ecisse/ et paululSm iric^ria) tumul- tuaii&. qukdani diligent iSl^comgefisSsse." V ' . z^- * In a letter to Mr. lf6\vyet;'da.^ M^rth 6', 1758, Mr. Mark- land says, " I see you ha^ e alt,ere(0he v^er of th^ Plays in So- phocles, and^rit Ahtigwie iri'the^-^ird place, instead of Oedi- pus T^rannu^, I suppose this was'don^^by tl\e command of my lords the boo\?elleis : and ihe rracUinise I sho\dd judge to be the last in your edition, by liic Kils, and the Addenda out of Sam Petit, w^o, thougH'an xcellnt scholai*, had just as nmch taste of tlvexoets;as a cow lias of a leg of;mutton. I would send y&xt a gallant cori'QCticHi of that place 'in the Trachiniae, V. 1176. n^^TiJv 'T^-j.yji/r-J'jj, &c. which jmizled Johnson so much, andsojustl^^ butdt isfeoubksome to me to.write^ having the gout ifi^both h:mds and both Teet, tand not abje to^^tir out of my chair t6 get at any boolir'' ^-^ C - f t'Sliall Resent thclcac^r with a short correspondence on this auhject i^^" June '29 ^o(h '' Dolco te, vir floctlssinie, adversil valetudline uti; et vehementei* vcrVor ne aliquis accedat'morbi tui foiyes ex^ftipU^dis Sotohocl^ perl' I'-iiidis : imp^sentiarum ut parcas tibi rp^o et obteAor, *t uf jjfiihi femil^^s schedam, quam habes, incmendat;iia. t^jnn eavn iselegaiifi, et tu0B Jopis, quantum j)()tero, vicem pnestabci. Ut l5eus saiutem tibi re^tituat, ^^ Cafissiuve vir, melius mc ha!)eo ; cor- rexi schedam, et Jiodir po^j^neridjem per jMjnnipostam tibi re- misi. Ut prosper^ valet^dinpiutaris ex animo aj)precoi'. A'ale, meque tui studiosum ag^are pergei Pauairkt." X " In textu Gneco :e\hibefid(),, cditionem Johnsoniunam .'e- cuti siuuus. . . . Yix dici potest quam iniinita Scholiokum far- r;igo in postremfl editione, qu;e ])rodiit I^ond. 175S, in dii'ibn.-* volimiinibus, Hvo. apparuit. Oninia ita vitiata et transposlta crant, ut rudis indigestaque potius vocum moles, quam Soplio- clis expositio, viderentur, Haic jam sub incudem revocata, ct maximo cum laborc rocensita, nunc [)iiuiCmi ad siiuju p:igi;iain pro- 314 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l/O?. A Seventli Edition of Dr. Brown's " Estimate * ;'* and a very large impression of a Second Part of that popular Publication; which was followed by " An Explanatory Defence" of it. Towards the close of the year a report was cir- culated that Mr. Bowyer was about to retire from business ; a report which gave rise to the following correspondence with the celebrated English Roscius. The letters, I believe, will not be thought a dis- credit to the memory of either of them. 1 . To David Garrick -jf, esq. Southampton-street. " SIR, Nov 1758. " The last time I saw you, I had the honour of your hand. I am since surprised to understand that you have carried to the Speaker the interest of proprio magis justoque ordine dispomintur. In reliquis ex- purgandis longitis quidem elaboravissenius, si temporis angustiae aliaeqiie curae non impedivissent." J. T. This quotation needs no comment. If this editor had taken the text of Bow) er for his copy instead of that of Johnson, he wotdd have saved himself the trouble of vveeding-out many'oi the typographical blunders he complains of. * " You think so justly and generously of the foolish Estimator and his mean rascally railers^ that I shall tell him what you say. I am glad you have done the discourse on Chivalry; for this looks as if you was got forward with the Dialogues." Dr. li'arburton to Mr. Hard, Sept. 3. 1758. f This excellent Actor, whose name will ever be held in re- spect by the admirers of theatrical representations, was the son of Peter Garrick, a captain in the army, who generally resided at Litchfield. He was born at Hereford, where his father was on a recruiting party, and baptized Feb. 20, IJUi, '^ appears by the church register of the parish of All Souls in ihat city. His mother's maiden name was Clough, daughter to one of the vicars in Litchheld cathedral. At the age of ten years he was put under the care of Mr. Hunter, master of the granuuar-school at Litchfield ; and very early shewed his attachment to dramatic entertainments, having in the year 1727 represented the charac- ter of Serjeant Kite in the Recruiting Officer with great ap- plause. From school he went to Lisbon, to vii^it his imcle ; but .'stayed only a short time tjieie before he returned to England ; on which he went again to Mr. Hunter: and in 173.5 became the pupil of Mr Samuel Johnson, who about that time under- took to teach the classics to a certain number of young gentle- men. But even under this most able tutor, the vivacity of his character unfitted him for serious pursuit^, and his attachment 1758.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3I5 your heart, in behalf of another, to print the Votes for him. You did so, I doubt not, on a report to the Drama prevailed over every other object. After a time^ Mr. Johnson grew tired of teaching ; and Mr. GaiTick being desiroixs of a more active life, the tutor and pupil took the reso- lution to quit Litchfield, and try their fortunes in the Metro- polis. They accordingly set out together, on the 2d of March, 1736 ; and on the 9th of the same month, Mr. Garrick was en- tered of Lincoln's Inn, it being then intended that the Law should be liis profession. Having had a reconiniendation from Mr. VValmsley to Mr. Colson, master of the school at Rochester, he, on the death of bis uncle, about 1737. went directly thither, with a view to finish his education. In the company of so ra- tional a philosopher as Mr. Colson, he was imi>ei-ceptibly and gradually improved in the talent of thmking and reasoning ; nor were the exaaiple and precepts of so wise a man vainly be- stowed on a mind so acute as that of GaiTick. His father died soon after, and was not long survived by his mother. He then engaged in the wine trade, in partnership with his brother, Peter Ganick } but this connexion lasting but a short time, he resolved to try his talents on the stage and in the summer of 1741 went down to Ipswich, where he acted with great applause, under the name of Lyddid. The pait which he fii*^.t performed was that of Aboan, in the tragedy of Oroouoko. After a sum- mer spent in the country^ he determinc-ti to venture on the London stagfe. He had now essayed his p )\vers, and considered himself as worthy to appear in a high form on any theatre ; but it is generally said, that the then director-s of Dnny Lane and Covent Garden could not be infiaced to entertain the -ame sen- timents. He was therefore obliged to accept the offer of Mr. Gifl'ard, master of Goodman's Fields play-house, who engat^ed him; and he made his first appearance thcv. on the 19tn of October, 17-iI, with great success, in the ciiaracter of Jlich^ud the Third. [It appears by Davies's " Life of Cinick," ihat the audience at first were totally at a loss whether to clap or hiss," &c.] This deserves to be insisted on, as it siiews \\u\\ jttle qua- lified people are to judge of any Ciiir^ at first, ^'er wards, when half a dozen ])e()ple had thought proper to declai;: their approbation, then servility, fasliiou, &c. folh.wed of cour.-e, and joined the cry. I know nothing of music ; hut it i- certain that the merit of the Italian music, which, liki" their painting, is undoubtedly the best in the world, was not only not perceived in England at fij'^t. (and in France not yet), but such people ai Addison endeavoured publicly to dicry it as bad. T. F. TliC seeing a young man, in no more than his twenty-fourth year, reaching at one single step U) that height of perfection which maturity of years and long practical e\penence had i.ot be<'n able to bestow on the then capital peifbrmers of the l^ng'i>h stage, was a pluenomcnon whicii could not but Ijeconu: the ol)- jefjt of uniNcrsa! -ncculalion, and a:: universal adnuratio)i. The theatres Sl6 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l75B< that I was^o print them no more ; a report raised without the least foundation, and propagated by theatres towards the court-end of the town were on this occa- sion deserted, persons of all ranks flocking^ to Goodman's Fields, where Mr. Garrick continued to act till the close of the season, when, having very advantageous terms offered him for perform- ing in Dublin during some part of the summer, he went over thither, where he found the same just homage paid to his merit, which he had received from his own coiuitiymen. In the ensu- ing winter, however, lie engaged himself to Mr. Fleetwootl, manager of Drury L;ine playhouse ; in which theatre he con- tinued till the year 1745, in the winter of which he again went over to Ireland, and continued there through the whole of that season, being joint manager with Mr. Sheridan in the du'ectiou and profits of the theatre I'oyal in Smock Alley. From thence he returned to England, and was engaged for the season of 1746 with the late Mr. Rich, patentee of Covent Garden. This was his last performance as an hired actor ; for in the close of that season, Mr. Fleetv.ood's patent for the management of Drury Lane being expired, and that gentleman having no incli- nation farther to pursue a design by \^ hich, fi'om his want of acquaintance with the proper conduct of it, or some other rea- sons, he had already considerably impaired his fortime, Mr. Garrick, in conjunction with Mr. Lacy, purchased the property of that theatre, together with the renewal of the patent j and in the winter of 1747, opened it with the best part of Mr. Fleet- wood's former company, and the great additional strength of Mr. Barry, Mrs. Pritchard, and Mrs. Gibber, from Covent Gar- den. In this station Mr. Garrick continued until the year 177^'. with an interval of two years, from 1763 to 176.5, which he devoted to travelling abaoad ; and, both by his conduct as a manager, and his unequalled merit as an actor, from year to year, added to the entertainment of the publick, which with an indefatigable assiduity he consulted. Nor were the publick by any means ungratefid in returns for that aseiduity. By the warm and dese^^ed encouragement which they g-ave him he was raised to that state of ease and affluence, to which it must be the wish of e^ery honest heart to see stiperior excellence exalted. After his return from his travels, Mr. Garrick declined the per- formance of any new character; btit continued (o appear every season in some of his favourite parts until the year 1776 ; when, satisfied with the wealth he had acquired, and the fame which he had established, in familiarity with many of the most re- spectable pereons of the kingdom, ho retired to the enjoyment of repose from the fetigues of his profession, and quitted the stage on the 10th day of June, 17/6, after performing the cha- racter of Don Felix, in ^Vlrs. Centlivre's comedy of The Wonder. At this period the stone, a disorder to which he had been long subject, began to make svich inroads on his constitution, that the happiness which he expected from retirement was often in- tenupted. 1758'.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, 3I7 many who wish it true. But might not I have expected from your humanity, from your knowledge terrupted, and sometimes destroyed, by the violence of the pain he endured. He had been used to try the eftects of quack medi- cines, to relieve him from the torments which he suffered, and it has been thought that his health received much injuiy frorrt this injudicious mode of tampering with his malady. At Christ- mas 1778 he visited Earl Spencer at Ahhorpe, wheie he was taken ill, but recovered sufficiently to return to London, and died at his house in the Adelphi, after a few days iUness, on the 20th of January, 1779. His body was interred with great fune- ral pomp, in Westminster Abbey, on the 1st of Februaiy follow- ing. Mr. Gairick in his person was low, yet well-shaped, and neatly proportioned; and, having added the qualifications of dancing* and fencing to that natiu-al gentility of manner which no art could bestow, but with which our great mother Nature endows many even from infancy, his deportment was constantly easy, natural, and engaging. His complexion was dark, and the features of his face, which were pleasingly regular, were animated by a full black eye, brilliant and penetrating. His voice was clear, melodious, and commanding ; and, although it might not possess the strong overbearing powers of Mr. Mos- sop's, or the musical sweetness of Mr. Bany's, yet it appeared to hav e a ranch greater compass of variety than either ; and, from Mr. Garrick's judicious manner of conducting it, enjoyed that articulation and piercing distinctness, which rendered it equally intelligible, even to the most distant parts of an avidience, in the gentle whispers of murmuring Ioac, the half-smothered accents of infclt passion, or the professed and sometimes awkward con- cealments of an aside speech in comedy, as in the rants of rage, the darings of despair, or all the open violence of tragical cnthusisam. " Were it our office to record the failings of Mr. Garrick, we could only persuade ourselves to observe, that they were chiefly such as are overlooked in characters of less distinguislied opu- lence and celebrity. We forlxjar therefore to violate his fame by a safe but ungenerous rornpitulation of petty errors ; a(kling only, in excuse for his vvell-knov\Ti vanity, that perliaps no man who had been fed with sucli excess of i)raise, wduUI have ex- hibited fewer marks of self-;q>probation. We hope, indeed, we may be foi'given, if we dwell longer on a singular inconsistence in his chanicter, which has been often mentioned, but never fairly staled. He has been loudly praised for liberality, and as loudly censured on the sc('c of avarice. Perhaps the allcrnate predominance of qualities, so opposite i;i the ir natures, may iie thus accounted for. In any exigence lir.it presented itself on a .sudden, he was readily generous, because hs knew benevoien'^'C' was the most popular of virtues, and that rhe exertion of it would * I am told that he had no f-i.r fi'r rniisic. ilioMi^h he observed ptjrfLx-t Jinae in d*iu-iji;r. 7'. l- SlS LitERARY ANECDOTES or [1758* of the world, may I add, from the knowledge you M'ere pleased to express of me, that you would have be expected from the possessor of a fortune extensive as his own. But this hasty impulse was occasionally blasted by intermediate reflection. Daring the interval that sometimes necessarily passed between the promise and the actual disbursement, the tedious process by which he had acquired a sum equal to that he was expected to part with, impressed itself forcibly on his im;igina<. tion. It was not till then that his disposition inclined to parsi- mony *. This ungraceful narrowness, this inglorious repent- ance, is often detected among those in whose thoughts their own gi-adual advance towards wealth is always uppermost ; and the frequent occurrence of an idea, like this, to Mr. Garrick, will assist us in reconciling the contradictory tales of his deficiency and excess of bounty ; for to deny chat he was sometimes mag- nificent in his donations, would be to refuse his memory a tri- bute that can only be withheld at the expence of notoriety and truth. Such, howe\er, was the fate of his pecuniary fa\'ours, that he often forfeited the gratitude due to them^ through his backwardness in yielding what he had pledged himself to bestow, and did bestow at last. By some, indeed, he has been charged with raising hopes of relief, and finally disappointing them. This charge however, if true, can be imputed only to a stronger and less resistible operation of the cause already mentioned. In the mean time, his example serves to shew us how resolutely we ought to seize the moment that disposes our wavering natures to benevolence, as second thoughts are not always prf)pitioui> to the interests of humanity. We may conclude l>y adding, that deliberation, so useful on many occasions, in respect to poetry and charity, exerted a fatal infiuence over Akenside and Garrick. It unstiomg the lyre of the one, and contracted the heart of the other. Need I say that this paragraph was written by Mr. Steevens ? To Mr. Garrick's reputation as an actor, the concern of the publick at having lost him, bears a stronger testimony than IMLnegyrick, in any other form, could supply. As to his praticn- \a.T forte or superior cast in acting, it would be perhaps as diffi- cult to determine it, as it would be to describe mimitely his several excellences in the very different, parts in whicli he at dif- * " Tliere can be little doubt of his avarice, from the general charge > at least it is up-hill work to prove such a one's icenerosity. Generosity is of too great notoriety to be (juesuoned. The ?Iarquls of Granby niig-ht he unjust in the exercise of it, preferably to paying his debts; but nobody makes a doubt whether he was avaricious. The Duke of Marlborough paid his dei'ts, yet it is not a question whether he was generous or no. The fact is, Garrick died worth 140,000/. all of his own getting, in less than 40 years. Suppose he had died worth only 130,000/. would not that have been enough to have left behind khn ? and no doubt 1U,OC)0/. pro- perly bestowed must have established Iiis or Marlborough's fame. 1 don't say Garrick was obliged to do this. ]Jut ncitiier is the world ob- liged to admire his geu'-rosity, if he ha'l it not : it is plain they wore Tviiling; enovgh to applaud the merit he undoubtedly possessed." T. F. fercnt 3 758.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ^Ip inquired into the truth of the report, even at the shop where I had the pleasure of seeing you, before ferent times thought proper to appear. Particular superiority was swalloA^ed up in his universality j and should it eveu be con- tended, tliat there have been performers equal to him in their respective casts of playing, yet even tJieir partizans must ac- knowledge, that there never existed any one performer that came near his excellence in so great a variety of parts. Every passion of the human breast seemed subjected to his powers of ex})ression ; even Time itself appeared to stand stUl, or advance, as he would have it. Of this no one can be ignorant who ever saw him in the several characters of Lear or Hamlet, Richard, Dorilas, Romeo, or Lusignan ; in his Ranger, Bays, Drugger, Kitely, Brute, or Benedict. During the course of his manage- ment, the publick were much obliged to him for his indefati- gable labour in the conduct of the theatre, and the pains he took to discover and gratify their taste: and, though the situation of a manager will perpetually be liable to attacks fiom disappointed authors and undeserving performers ; yet, it is appaient, from the barrenness both of plays and players of merit for some years at the opposite theatre, that Mr. Garrick cannot have refused acceptance to many of either kind, that were any way deserving of the town's regard. In short, notwithstanding this is not the age of either dramatic or theatrical genius, the pains he took in rearing many tender plants, added several valuable performers to the English stage, whose first blossoms were far from promis- ing so fair a fruit as they have since produced : and among the several dramatic pieces which made their fiist appearance on the theatre in Drury Lane, there are \'ery few, whose authors have not acknowledged themselves greatly indebted to Mr. Gar- rick for useful hints or ad\'antagecus alterations, to which their success has in great meai^ure been owing. Add to tliis the revi- val of many pieces of t.he more early writers ; })icces possessed of great merit, but which had, either through the neglect or igno- rance of other managers, lain for a long time unemployed and unregarded. But there is one part of theatrical conduct which ought unquestionably to be accorded to Mr. Garrick's honour, since the cauac of virtue and morality, and the formation of public manners, are veiy considerably dependent on it ; and that is, the zeal with wiiich he ever aimed to banisli from the stage all those plays which cany with them an immoral tendency, and to prune from those vvliicli do not absolutely on the whole promote the interests of \icc such scenes of licenticjusness and libertinism as a redundancy of wit and too great liveliness of imagination have induced some of our comic writci-s to in- dulge themselves in, and to which tlie sympathetic disposition of an age of gallantry and intrigue had given a sanction. The .purity of the English stage was certainly much more fully cstab- li-shcd during the ariinini-tration of this theatrical minister than it had ever betu daring jirccedin^j ni.incgements : for what the pulilick S'^0 LITERARY ANECDOTES OT [l758. you took such a step, however undesignedly, against me? " As you did not design me an injury, so it will be said you have done me none. Sir, I have heard publick taste had itself in some measure begim, he, by keeping that taste witlun its proper channel, and feeding it with a pure and untainted stream, seemed to have completed : and to have endeavoured as much as possible to adhere to the promise iriade in the prologue which ^vas spoken at the first opening of that theatre under his direction, " Bade scenic virtue form the rising age. And Truth diifiise her i-adiance from the stage." His superiority lo all others in one branch of excellence, how- ever, must not make us overlook the I'ank in which he is en- titled to stand as to another ; nor our remembi-ance of his hav- ing been the Jirst actor living, induce us to forget that he was fer from being the last writer. Notwithstanding the numberless and laborious avocations attending on his profe?r='on as an actor, and his station as a manager, yet still his active genius was per- petually bursting forth in vaiious little productions both dra- matic and poetical, whose merit cannot but make us regret his want of time for more extensive and important works. Of these he has publicly avowed himself the author of thirty-five , some of which are originals, and the rest ti"anslations or alterations from other authors, with a design to adapt them to the present taste of the publick. Besides these. Mr. Garrick was the author^ of an Ode on the death of Mr. Peiham, which, in less than six weeks, ran through four editions. The Prologues, Epilogues, and Songs, which he wrote, ore almost innumerable, and pos- sess a considerable degree of happy conception and execution. It would be in vam to atteinpt any enimieration of them ; and it is less necessary, as we cannot doubt but some one of his sur- viving fnends will take care to give a ("cnnplete edition of his works, in such a manner as will do hor.our to his memoiy. The portraits of Mr. Garrick, in his {)rincipal dramatic charac- cters, are numerous 3 and there remains, at !ii? houst in the Adelphi, a V. hole-length, by Hogarth, of Mr. Ganick, sitting at a table, with his wife behind him taking the pen out of his hand ; w ! ich having never Ijecn engi^avcd, though it lu-s been aomewhat hastily cerisured by Mr. Steevens, woiUd on eveiy consideration be a \ aluable present to the publick ; and this is the rather to be wished, as " Mrs. Garxiek, at a period of life when infirmities migiit naturally be expected, still po.^.-;eses the power of delight- ing by the t>riiiiancy of her con\e!sation, which unitrs the expe- rience of age v.ith the liveliest sallies of youth." See the "An- ecdotes of Hogarth," 1809," pp. 20. 258. 5 See thesf r-r.urnr rated in tlse " Eiogiai'lii.i Pr.Tni'^lica, Xl'il Vrliich the greatc'i uait oi this note wa.s oiiginaliy {i-iutcJ. of 1758.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ^^l of a person who was blinded while he was blooded, which has been pretty much my case. The standers- by cried out in concern for him, He is Jxiintivg, he is dying ; till at length the poor man died in reality. This remains to be my case. If it should be so, I submit it to you, whether you would not be accessary to the legal death of, Sir, Your most obedient humble servant, W. Eowyer." 2. Mr. Garrick's answer, without date, but received Nov. 29, 1758. " Sir, I have been in the country, and did not receive your letter till last night. I was much sur- prised at it indeed; and think you have not well considered the matter, or you would not have been so warm in your expostulations. The fact is this I was told by a man whom I regard and would serve with justice, that the person who printed the Votes had resigned it. Upon which, 1 wrote to Mr. George Onslow, the Speaker's son, to recom- mend a person, if the fact was true. Now, Sir, upon my honour, I did not know that i/ou were the Printer of the Votes ; and moreover, if you had been my brother, I could not have acted with more justice or delicacy towards you. If the fact had been true, I should have been willing to serve a person I regarded ; as it was not, there was no harm <]one, and you have not in the least been injured. Though I am always desirous to assist the man I like, and do it zealously ; yet I would not know- ingly do the least injury, I own, to one who had injured me, and much less to Mr. Bowyer. This, I iiutcer myself, is ray real character among those who know me ; and you are really mistaken if you think othcrv/ise of me. I cannot possibly answer the last paragraph of your letter, because I don't understand it * ; but, if you think my letter to Mr. Onslow lias in the least affected your interest, let * Mv. Garrick's observation requires some apology to be mack for Mr. Ruwyer ; who evidently wrote in liaste^ for wluCii^ ho',T- evor, his reply iniiLes anjpic mnends. Vor. II. Y me 322 tiTERARY ANECDOTES OF [l758. me knoWj and I shall as readily repair the mischief, as I have most ignorantly done it. I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble servant, D. Garrick. '^ P. S. I write in great hurry, and you must ex- ruse it." 3. "To David Garrick, esq. " Sir, Dec. 7, 1753- ''As I before acquitted you of any intention to do n\v, an injury; so 1 acknowledge your kind readiness to repair one, if you had unwittingly done me any. 1 do so heartily, and the rather, because you have heightened my obligations with that personage to whom you applied, where I w^ould most wish to have them placed. *^ On the other hand, you will excuse me, I hope, for remonstrating closely perhaps, but not icarmlif, against suffering your weight and consequence to be made use of, without having a true state of circum- stances laid before you. But I find my sentiments were too cold, whatever my expressions were; and that your heart, in the cause of friendshij), will not stay to weigh minute considerations. Convinced. I humbly bow to that virtue which in your breast scarce knows excess; and if it has any weakness, is, like a complexion from fairness, the more amiable for it. I trust then to the influence of it, as it helieveth all things, that you will now place me in the number of your most obliged humble servants, W. BOWYER.'' 1759. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed, " Chronographiae Asiaticae et Egy])tiaca; Speci- men; in quo, 1. Origo Chronologia^ LXX Inter- ]jretuni investigatur ; 2. Conspectus totius operi? fxhibetur," 8vo, [by Charles Hayes *, Esq.] -' This iriJuslriaus and learned gentleman, ^vho wa.^ known as? an author only to hi intimate friends, and whose remarkable modeaty guarde^d his great erudition from the too conunon foible of ostentation, was born in the year IC78 ; and in 1704 became ^755-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ^2^^ An Edition of " Theocritus/' 8vo. became distinguished by his much esteemed " Treatise of Fluxions," printed that year, in folio, with his name, the only publication to which he ever suffered it to appear. In 17 10 came out a small pamphlfet of his, of nineteen pages in quarto, intituled, " A New and Easy Method to find out the Longitude, from the Observation of the Altitudes of the Coelestial Botlies ;" and in 1723 he published, in English, in octavo, " The Moon, a Philosophical Dialogue;" written in the most genteel and polite language, and tending to shew that the Moon is not a mere dark and opake body, but is mistress of no inconsiderable share of light of her own. During a long course of years the manage- ment of the late Royal African Company lay in a manner wholly on Mr. Hayes (he being chosen annually either Sub-governor, or Deputy-governor) ; yet, in tlie midst of these important avo- cations, he spent much time and labour in making piiilosophical experiments, and in gratifying his thfi-st after general knowledge. To his skill in antient and modern languages he added the know- ledge of the Hebrew ; and applied himself assiduously to the an- tient Historians, and with more paiticular attention to the Sacred VV^ritings. Endeavouring to sohe the difficulties which had per- plexed the learned, he laid a plan to reduce all into chronological form, according to 'vhat he thought to be the true order of time. He much admired that translaiion of the Scriptures into Greek, which bears ihe name of the Septuagint: and critically examined the hi-^toiy of that version composed by Aristeas, which had been looked upon by many peisons of great worth and learning as no better than <.' forged story : and wiK-n he had com[)leted hi^ en- quiries on this head, in 1736, he published, in 8vo, "A Vindica- tion of the Hir>tory of the Septuagint" fioni the misrepresenta- tions of its opponents. His next work was a learned piece of criticism, intiluleerfectly agrees with the Septuagint. These, excejjting some occasional tracts ia defence of the Royal African Company) are all the English works of this learned and indefatigable author. A period being put to the affairs and existence of tlie Old African Company in 1752, Mr. Hayes found himself happily exonerated from that burden, which, though he had long supported it, jet was not altogether suitable to his inclinations. He had just before this purchased a pretty retirement at Do^^ n in Kent, and, withdrawing thitlier, gave himself up wholly to his beloved studies. He had now leisure to look over his papers, and revise them ; and to consider what materials he had already provided for his grand design ; and, as ap})ears by the date on the manuscript, which he did not 4ive to publish, he began in May 1753 to compile, in Latin, his "^Chro- nographia Asiatica et iEgy|jtiaca." This was a laborious under- taking for a person of 75 years of age ; but it j)leased God, not- withstanding his recluse and sedentary life, to bless him with tolerable health, aiid to preserve his intellects clear and strong till within a few days of his death. The last date annexed to this I^atin manuscript is 175G j so .that probably he finished it in that year or soon after. In August 1758, he left Ids house in Kent, and, for the sake of his health and of some more agree- able conversation than that retired place could afford him, beihg now about SO years of age, took chambei-s in Gray's Inn ; and there, in 1759, he shewed, as he said, that he had not led an in- dolent Hfe in the country, by acquainting the learned world with what he had done, in his "Chronograpliia." Under the first part he shews, that both the Seventy Interpreters and Josepluis took their system of chronology from several antient wi'itings (distinct from tiie sacred books of the Old Testament), which had for many age.> been carefully preserved by the priests, in the library belonging to the Temple of Jerusalem. [" Joscphus, who wi'ote to the Heathens, might take his authority from whence he would } but the Septuagint, who were only translators of a sacred Book, how coidd they dare to substitute different numbers than their origi- nal? And why would Jewish priests j;reserve with care in the Temple writings which clash vsith the Bible, when they hardly preserved that ? The Miihometan Ger.eral srid better, that the MSS. in the Alexandrian Museum either agreed with, or contra- dicted, the Coran ; in the first case they were useless, in the l;vst hurtfid, and therefore in either case to be burnt. T. /t copy of this elaborate work, of neai- three hundred pages in a largo folio, is now in being, and in safe hands, in the condition above related, I think it time to conclude my long lettf^r with one obser\a;ion concerning the usefulnass of it to the curious searchers after the true doctrine of times. The variation in the two co'nputations is very great, and learned men have taken different sides in determining the important question. What my sentiments are in this point is not material, nor need I say which of the sides is nov.- n.ore generally espoused : but as both of them are attended \vith no inconfeiderable difii- culties, those whu take part with the Greek chronolo.;ists will here iricet with the obiections of their opponents coolly silted into, and all ta~ arguments in favour of the .Se.ptua5,i:)t; account set in a strong and clear light : and those who receiA-e the Hebrew computation will perhaps find something, before new to them, urged against their opinion, which they will think worth',- of their consideration, if not of an answer. A third sort, who are unwilling to enter into a controversy of this nature, will here meet with a greater store of Eastern and Eg yAmn history and antiquities, laid down in a concise and ri-:i>tcrly way, and founded on substantial authority, than any cnluT book of this bulk v,ill afford them." Geqt. Mag. 17>;i, vol. XXXI. p. 543. * This Essay was corrected through the press by the celebrated David Hume ; who at that time had a temporary residence in Lisle-street, Leicester-fields, where I frequently visited bim. nent 175.9-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3^7 nent Persons of the past and present Age ; digested by the Parties themselves, and now first pubhshed from the original Manuscripts ; with critical and explanatory Notes by the Editor ;" 8vo. This in^ genious volume was the production of Mr. Hurd ; and contains four Dialogues, on Sincerity, Retire- ment, the Golden Age of Elizabetli, and the Con- stitution of the English Government *. A "Treatise on Fluxions, bv Israel Lyons-I^j jun." Svo. * OF this Work, Dr. Waiburton says, "Dec. 14, 1758. " I took down with me [to Prior Park], as I told you, all that you had printed, to*the 208th i)age. If the Work does not take, I shall think the times abandoned to their evil genius. I have read to the 116th page, and find not a word to alter." Just after this period one of those distressing (but not uncommon) accidents hap- pened the loss of a parcel containing a part of the unprinted MS- To this Dr. Warburton alludes^ when he observes, Jan. 30, 1759, *' I am sorry your papers are not yet fomidj" and, Feb. 17^ " I was in hopes that, on coming to Leicester, you would have had in- telligence of your paper's. As that is not the case, you ought immediately to advertise them, with a slight reward, as things of no use hut to the owner. I can say this, after twenty years' exist- ence, of the sheets of the Divine Legation ; and sure you may say it of things not in esse, but in posse. However, we will both hope they may be of nse to posterity. Seriously, Dr. Biich tells me (for your loss makes much noise, so much does the malignity of men delight in mischance) that 'tis very probable the packet will be presently brought to you by sucli an advertisement." The Printer received a few days after the follovving billet : " Dr. W. has received a lettei' from Dr. H. who desires tliat Mr. Millar or Mr. Bowjer would put into tiie jjapers an adver- tisement for lost papei's, with a rea.sonable reward, as of no use but to the person to whom they wei-e directed. Tuesdaij mont- ing, Feb. 27 < 1759. Mr. Howyer, I would have this put in directly. A.Millar. 2S Feb." N. B. Tlie papeis, which had been mislaiid in tlie country, were soon after sent to Mr. Bowyer by an miknown hand. t Mr. Lyons was son of a Polish Jew silversmith, and teacher of Hebrew, at Cambridge ; wliere he was I torn, IJ.iy. In Ids earliest vouth he sliewed :'. wonderful inclination to learning, particularly to matheinaticks; but though Dr. Smiiii, Lite niaster of Trinity college, offered to pvU him to scluio! at his own ( x- {)ence, he would go oidy a day or two, saying, he could learn more by himself in an hour than in a tlay with hi-^ master. \lc began his study of Botany in 1/55, whiih he continued to his death ; and could remember not only the J>inna'an names of almost all the English plant'-, but even th'j synonyma (jI" the old Buiu 328 LITERARY ANEC^DOTES OF [l759- " A Review of a Free Enquiry into the Origin of Evil," [by the Rev. Richard Shepherd*, M.A.J 8vo. Botanists, which foraa a strange and barbarous farrago of gi-eat bulk ; and liad lai'ge material.^ for a Flora CantabrigiensLs, describ- ing fully every part of each plant from the life, without being obT liged to consult, or being liable to be milled by, foraier authors. In 1758 he published the above treatise on Fluxions, dedicated to his patron. Dr. Smith; and in 1763 " Fasciculus Piantaruni circa Can tabrigiam nascentlum quae post Raium observat fuere," 8vo. Mr. Banks (now Sir Joseph Banks, bart. and president of the Royal Society), whom he fii-st instnxcted in this science, sent for him to Oxford, about 1765 or 1763, to read lectures ; which he did with great applause, to at least sixty pupils ; but could not be prevailed upon to make a long absence from Cam- bridge. He had a salary of ICO/, per annum for calculating tho *' Nautical Almanack," and frequently received presents iVom the Boaid of Longitude for his own inventions. He could read Latin and French with eiise, but v^rote the former ill ; had stu- died the Er^lish history, and could quote whole pa.ssages from the monkish wiiters veroaiini. He was appoiiitcd by the Board of longitude to go ^vith Ca])t. Piiipps (now Lord Pvlulgrave) to the North Pole, in 1773, and dischaiged that omce to (.he satii^ faction of his employers. After his return, he marrieil, and settled in London, wliei-e he died of the nieazles, in about a year. He was then eiigagcJ in ])ublishing some . papers of Dr. Halley. His " Calculations- in Spherical Trigononietiy abridged," were ]>rinted in Phil. Tvan*. vol. LXI. art. 46. * Of Corpu.3 Chrisli colk'ge, Oxford ; where he proceeded M. A. 1757; B.D. 17c5; and D.D. l/bS. KewasF.R. S. arch- deacon of Bedfoid, and rector of Wethcrden and Helminghaui, both in SuiTolk, and gixen him by Lord Chancellor Tnur- low. He was an instance of very considei-able eiiidition imiled with rare conde.^ceiision ; and, thuugli he filled an office of dignity in the C!;''jvch, he was not the less attentive to the humbler but equrJly important datics of a parish-priest. His publications, which v.ere various, all breathe the s[>iril of a mild licnevolence, and evi'.ice ihe liberal and enlightened Divine^ added to the pious arid nitional Philosopher. His first publication was, an excellent -'Ode to Lo'.e/' whicli aj'.pearLd in l7-'>6, and was rcpublisl'.cd uiider the tillc of "The Philologist." He A\a.s also author nf the " Rcvi.-w of a Free Enquiiy into the IMature and Origin of Evd, 175.0,' 8vo. "^Odcs Descriptive and Allego- rical," 1761, 4to. " The Nuptials, a Didactic Poem, in Three Bocks, 17G2," lio. Letter:, to the Author of "A Free Enquiry into the Natare and Origin of Evil. To which aic added, Three Discoitrses : 1. On Conscience ; 2. On Inspiration; 3. On a Paradisaical State ; 17(;.S," l'3mo. "Hector, a Draraatic Poem, 1770," iiu. " Requisition of Subscription to tlic XXXIX Ar- lieles ar.d Litu'T;}-," a Sermon, Ord. v. 1, 1771, -llo. " Binnca, a Trag"dv, l"'o," Svo, A Sermon on Con.-eicnce, 1776, Rom. ii. 17&0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ^^ Mr. Miirdin s " Collection of State Papers/' folio. ^llie publication of this Work, which had been long delayed through the pecuniary difficulties of the Kditor *, was at length completed in conse- quence of the following agreement : '^ Mr. Bowyer ii, 14, 15, 8vo. A Sermon on Inspiration, preached on Whit- Sunday, 17/'(>s Svo. "Concio de Statu Paradisi," at Oxford, 1776", Eccles. vii. 30. " Miscellanies," 2 vols. Svo, 1776. "The Dying Hero, 177?/' 4to. " Free Exaniination of the Socinian Exposition of the prefatory Verses of St. John's Gospel, 1783," Svo. " An Essay on Education, in a Letter to "William Jones, Esq. 1784," 4to. "The Ground and Ci"edibility of tlie Christian ' Ilelirion, in a Coui-se of Sermons preached before the LJaiversity of Oxford, at the Bamptoa Lecture, 17b8," 4to. " Polvajnus* Stratagems of War, tran^ilatcd from the original Greek, 1793," 4to. "Two Sermons on a Future Str.te, 1797," 8vo; re-printed, with a Third Sermon, 1799. "A Charge to the Reverend the Clergy of the Archdeaconry of Bedford, delivered at the Easter Visitation, ISO I," 4to. " Notes, Critical and Exjjlaaatory, on the Gospel and Epistles of St. John, 1804," 4to 5 the -magmim ofjusQ? X\\h learned and original iuithor. A volume of " Sermons, 180G," Svo. " The New Bocthius ; or, of the Consolations of Christianity, ISOfcl," Svo ; inscribed to his Brother, the Rev. Henry Shepherd, B.D. rector cf Brandburton, "in memory of an excellent Father, \vlio formed their minds on those p^rinciples which only can sustain the siiocks of Adversit}' with fortitude ; as a pledge of fraternal afiection ; and a tribute to a studious life pa.ssfid ia pjivatc; and to those virtues witli which he has adorned the shades of obscurity." " Religious Union perfective, and the Support of Civil Union, 1S07," Svo. His latest publication ivas " No False Alarm; or, a Sequel to Religious Union, &c.; being the Re-ult of a Parochial Visitation through the Arclideaconiy of Bedford," 8vo, He published also, sevex'al years ago, a Latin Poem, in quarto, piirited for Flexncy, the title of which I do not Recollect, but b.e'ieve it was on the Imuiortalitv of the Soul. Yift is also said (and I believe on good author!' y) to be the author of "Canons of Ciilicism, extracted iroui the Beauties of Maiy's Review," publislud in 17S4, Svo. lie died San. 3, 1809, at the jjar^onage at Wcllierdcii, to. Suffolk, in hib iStli \ear, after aa illnes.'^ of three days, * "Sir, I am a subscriber to the 1A volume of the Burle.y Papers, by Mui'din. 1 paid a guinea 10 \)\-. l>ircii. 1 desire you would pay the 'ilic papers ; on wiiicii occasion the real author, Mr. Churclnll, boldly stepped forth, and in the s:ime public manner declared hin:sclf; ar.d drew on that torrent of Anvi-Rosciad'^, Apologic-^, Murphiads, C'hurchilliads, Examiners, &c. which for a long time kept up the attention, and employed the geniuses, of the greatest pait of the critical world. After Mr. Llo^d quitted his place of usher of \\ estminster school, he relied entirely on his pcii for subsistence 5 but, being of a tlioughi:Iess and extravagant dir^po- fcition, he soon made himself liable to debts \vhich he wa> tmable to answer. In consecpience of this situaticm, he was coniined in the Fleet Prison, where he depended for sup'port ahnost wholly on the bounty and generosity of his friend Churcliill, v, l.ose kindness to him coiitinued undiminished during all his neces- sities. On the death of tiiis liberal benefactor, Mr. Lioyer roinior, prefixed, be his own life (allovting for hjs death, there ment":)ncd to sustain the disguise), cannot be ascertained. 7. A Poem on the death of Mrs. Cibber, I766." 8. " Ferney, an F^pistle to M. de Voltaire, 1769," 4to. 9. " The JMonunsent in Arcadia, a Dramatic Poem, in Two Acts, 1773," 4to, founded on a picture of Poussin, representing some Arcadian shepherds and shep- herdesses contemplating a monument, inscribed Et in Arca- dia ego. 10. " Sketches from Nature, taken and coloured in a Journey to Margate, Published from the original Designs. In Two Volumes, 1779," 12mo. 11. " Observations on the Roinan Earthen-ware found in the Sea on the Kentish Coast, l^etween VVhitotable and Rocalver, on the Borders of the Isle of I'hanet," 17S0, printed in "Arciicxilogia," \ol.\L p. 123. 12. "Epi.stle to Angelica KauiTman, 1781." 13. In inij year he coUected his Poetical Vv'urks, in two volumes, 12nio, with a dedication to Dr. Heberdcn, and an excellent likene.-.s of himself, by Pott and Shenvin ; and witii additions, the principal of which w-as " 'i'he Helvetiad, a FnigviK-'it, wiiu.cn at (ieneva, 1756." 14. "The Distressed Poet, a serio-comic Poem, in Three Cantos, 17S7," stating the principal circauislances of his case in the long and vexatious law-suit which he WJis engaged in wiiii an Arehittct who professed himself his friend. He wrote several Pi-ologues and Epilogues for Mr. Xewconie's scliolars at H;ickncy. Some com[}lia.icntary Verses by him are io be foimd in tlic Euro|>t^an Magazine ; and he had adapted Voltaire's Seniirauiis to the stage, which was super.-eded at Drury Lane, 1777, by ('apt. Avscough. Perhaps^ hfr.\-ever, the " Account of the Pelew 1760.] THE EIGPITEENTH CENTURY. 333 " De Soils ac Liinae Defectibus, Libri V; P. Ro- gerii Boscovich* Societatis Jesu, ad Regiam Socie- tatem Londinensem. Ibidem autem et Astronomiae Synopsis et Theorema Luminis Nevvtoniana, et alia multa ad Physicam pertinentia, V ersibus pertractan- tur ; cum ejusdem Auctoris Amiotationibus," 4to. " An Account of a Copper Table, j Queen's college, Oxford ; and took liis degree of M. A. at Cam'.jridge, 17rjo. He was also F. S. A. and private tutor, while of Benet college, to the late l^iarl of Massaieene. The dissertation on an antient Cornelian, in the possession 01 .Tohn Lawson, esq. in the Archijcologia, vol. 11. p. i'2, was written by him. He was presented, by Mr. Webb's interest, to a living in Barbadoes, where he died, 176' I. The author of ;his siiort note is sorry he cannot do greater justice to the character of tiiis ir;i}J, unaffected, excellent scholar. + Of Bene't college, Cambridge, M.. A. 17^'>- He was minister of the chapel in Duke-street, Westminster ; and ])i'ebe;ulary of Sneating in St. Paul's eatliedral. He was elected 1'. S.A. \7^''; and puljlished, in 17;''7, "A Dissertauon on the (Jrigin of the Equestrian Figm(; of St. (korgc and of the Garter, ICnsigns of the most uoi.iie Order of th:ir.Nam(>; illustrated with Copjjer- plates," 4t"> ; tlie substance of whicli may be. fo\md in Browne's " ^'ulgar Errors," where the learned Autiior supjjoses it to be all erablciuutical" (Dr. Pegge, A);onymiana, ix. 0 Dr. rott:i:gall coinmunicated to the Society of Antiquaries the Reraivks or. the Latin Inscription noticed above; and a " Dissertatioi^ on tlie Courts of P} powder" whifh is printed in the A!f'b;colo^'i, vol. !, p. 190; in l7Ct2 "A Di-sseitation on the Gule of. gust," ibid. - ol. H. p. GO. In 17G4 he published ""A DissertuU' : U]h:.\ ihe Tascia, or Legend, on the British Coins t)f Cuno:-j. a and others," 4to. See a critique on it in the Anonjiniana (vii. 5.';). In ITGGlic communicate i to the Society of Anti(iuarie.s ' Observations on an Altar villi a Greek Inscrip- tion at Covbridgc in Cuaiberland" (Arch^cologia, vol.11 p. 92). He jjubbshed aUo " An Enqiury into tlie Use and Practice of Juries among the Greeks and Romans: from whence the Origin of the iu:tgli^h Jury may possibly !)e deduced ; in Three Parts," 17G9, -ivj. lie died in July l/Sl, aged about 6G. * !\'ir. Bowytr made an Inde.v to this volume as it passed throu^ih iiie press, which is printed at large in his " Miscellane- ous Tracts ;" 4to. t I'u the first \oliiine of this Work (which was not printed by Mr.BowAvr, but by Mr. Kdvvard Say) the following remarks al- lude : ' Poor Era-iiius, after all iiis undescr\cd abu. .>, has just now found two Historians to record those abuses ; Burigny in French, and )our old friend Jortin (I call him youi-s, for j ou took him off my hands, wh'^n seivices C(juld not mend lum, to try if just and delicate reproof could) ; 1 would ha\'e you read these i)eiformanc:.s : I dare say they will amuse you. Burigny's is well written, which I have read; and so I dare say will Jortin's be, which I h?ive not read. Though from the rancour of liis heart, I predict it wiil be full of ooiique reflections, and, if you \ndge fi-om his motto, fall of self-nnportance." Dr. Warhi'.rton to Dr. Hard, Sept. 18, 1758 (see p. 329). " Your last letter sets tlie pool- n!an"b critici.->m in a M;ry ridiculous light, but certainly not u false one. How doubly ridiculous n.ust it be, if it be ground- less ; which it certainly is ; and vvliii-h you ])artly hiiit at. It stands on this grammatical princijjlc, that if one Latin adjective cannot be used ad\erbiaily, no other, of what are cidhxl the s^ nonymous adjectives, can ; which is false in almost every lan- guage. I told \ou he was ashamed of himself I made him so by writing a letter to his book^jcUer, to be connuunicated to him, to shew liim a true picture of him-:elf, by stating together ouj- 17^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 335 " An Enquiry into the Beauties of Painting ; and into the Merits of the most celebrated Painters, antient and modern*, by Daniel Webb -J-, Esq." 8vo. onr different conduct to one another. I said, this required no answer. However, I had one, which shewed how fz,lad lie was to get out of the scrape. When 1 couie home, I will send them to you, as I can then do, frauHed. However, I must not at pre- .oent omit one ]).irticular in mine, to VVhiston. Speaking of his paltry joke Oi eat sreum homiaiim, &C. \vhich, I say, * after it had been so much worn by frequent application to many of my bet- ters, might as well ha-.^ been omitted.' I add, ' I will requite his kindness o^ pj- biceps Plato, but in a more secret way, by ob- serving to him only, that where at p. 114 he translates the word* of Bembus, apud inferos pozna, by the pains of hell, he should have said, the paifis of purgatory, as Indulgences were from tlye pains of jmrgatory, and not of hell ; and as P)2Tnbus's apud inferos contained both a hell and a purgatory.' I did this to intimate to him that his Translations were full of mistakes, and that this was a gi'oss one, for a man to undertake a Life of Erasmus, while he was ignorant of the nature and application of the Bulls of Indulgences. I own I was well entertained with this Life, and so I told AVhiston : but the publick think otherwise of it. The want of a plan and method in the composition has given a general disgust. They say, if you take away hi^ tianslation of Le Clerc, and his numerous quotations, you leave him nothing but his notes. Tliis seems to be the general voice, ilie conse- quence is, it docs not sell. Vi'hat has increased the public ill- humour is, its being only one vohime of a work, which, in the public advertisements, was den;janced as c)mplete. But^ too much on so ridiculous a subject." Ibid. Oct. '23. * llemarks on some })a--ages in this work, by the late Mr. Highraoi'c, arc in the Gentleman's Magazine, 176G, p. 353. t" IMr. Webb, one of the sons of CajJt. Daniel Webb, was born at Maidstown, in the county of Limerick, and his brother 'I'homas was Dean (;f Kilmore. " His Dissertation on the Jit au- ties of Painting, " hrsl pubiislied in ITO'O, was follov\ed, in 1762, by " lleaiarks on the Beauties (jf Poetr) ;" and in 1703 by a little tract on the Poem of Os^ian, call'^d " Pingal Reclaimedj" bv " Observations on the Correspondence between Poetry and Mnsick, ITG'J," 8vo , and of " Literary Ai.msements, in Verse .'iud P;o-;e, 1787," Svo. This little volujue was not wiglnally printed for sale ; but a selection was made from it in . nplete ednion of .Mr. Wsibb's \Vork.-<, wliicli he had hiuiSL'lf intruded to have publislied, and for which a b^-.mtifnl frontispiece was de- signed by his fiicntl Daniel Lock, esq. of \oibury, to v.hom Mr. \v'.bb had prepared the following inscriptioii : " T(j the ingeni- ous ilesigner of die fron'i pirce are tlie-A.' Tracts dedicated. To whom more jjrop'rly than to on.' fiom svliose ha'-.l Drawings come out Pictures, and single Figures tell the story of a Drama? (). \v,' The Jea'h of Mr. Webb,' w'.iich h:ippened'Aiig. y, 17 98, dL-luvd the intcnufed publicitlon ;. bat it wii;, completed in IJ'03, in 536" LITERARY ANECDOTES or [lj60* " The Honour and Dishonour of Agriculture, translated from the Spanish [of Father Feijoo*, Disc. 13. vol. VIII.], by a Farmer in Cheshire -{-," 8vo. in one handsome quarto volume, under the supeiintendance of the Author's valuable friend the Rev. Thomas Winstanley, D. T). Camden Professor of History in the Uni\ ersify ot Oxford ; vvlio kindly corrtcted the press, and added to the vohmie " Some Reasons for thinking that the Greek Language was derived from the Chinese 3 in Notes on the Gramraatiea Sinica of I\lons. Four- mont (part of the ' Literary Amusements' of 17>-^7 ) corrected and enlare:ed from the Author's Manuscript." Of this vohirae but a small impression was printed, and a ^cry few copies on large pa}x?r; and of those few by far the greater part, 1 am sorry to add, vvei'e destroyed by the melancholy tire in 1G08. Mr. Webb published also, " Selections from Lcs Recherches Philosopiiiques fiur les Americains, par M. Pauw, 17S9," Svo. Fifty copies only of this were first printed, but it has since been published and sold. It may not be improper to distinguish this ingenious Avriter from another worthy character of the same name, foi- whom he lias been sometimes mistaiven; and who is thus recorded on a tablet against tlie East wall of the cloister of Christ's Hospital, London : " Here lyes Daniel Webb, esq. who was Treasurer of this Hospital twelve years. He died August 31, 1770, aged 71-" * See Hughes's Lettei"s, vol. III. p. 49. f Of this little volume the ingenious Mr. Benjamin Stilling- fieet was the editor, if not the translator. He was grandson to the Bishop of Worcester, and equally distinguished as a Natu- ralist and a Poet, the rare union so much de'^ired by the inge- nious Mr. Aikin. Both the Bisliop and our Authoi's father were fellows of St. John's college in Cambridge. The latter, v.hose name was Edward, took the degiee of B. A. Ib'Slj M. A. 1685; and M.D. 1(J9!3. He was also F U.S. and Gresham pro- fessor of physick ; but, marrying in 1G92, lost his lucrative offices, and the liishop's favour; a misfortune that affected bolli him and his ])09terity. He took ordei's, however, aiui obtained by his father's patronage, the recton' of Newington Butts, which he immediately exchanged for those of Wood-Norton and Swan- ton in Norfolk. He died in I7O8, leaving one son, Benjamin, and three daughters. Benjamin was educated at Norwich school, which he left in 1720, with the character of an excelknt eholar. He then went to Trinity college, Cambridge, at the rsnuest of Dr. Bentley, the master, v>ho had hv^n jitivate tutor to his lather, domestic chajilain to his grandfather, and A\as niurh indebted to the family. Here he was admitted April 14, \120; took the de- gree of B. A. and became a candidate for a fclh^vship ; but was rejected, by the master's inlkicncc. 'I'his was a severe and tm- expected disappointment ; and but little alle'. iated afterwards by the Doctor's apolog}-^ that it A\as a pity that a gentleman of ^. Stillingfieet's paits should l-)e buried within the AValls of a college. 17^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 337 *' Observations on Miscellanea ^nalj/fica,"" by the Rev. Dr. W. S. Powell, 8vo. This was the college. Perhaps, however, this ingratitude of Dr. Bentley was not of any real disservice to Mr. Stiliingfleet. He travelled into Italy; and, by being thrown into the world, formed many honourable and valuable connexions. The late Lord Barringtoa gave him, in a veiy polite manner, the place of master of the barracks at Kensington ; a favour to which Mr. Stillingfleet, in the dedication of his "Calendar of Flora" to that nobleman, 1761, alludes with great politeness, as well as the warmest gratitude. His "Calendar" was formed at Stratton in Norfolk, in 1755, at the hospitable seat of Mr. Marsham, who had made several re- marks of that kind, and had commimicated to the publick his curious " Observations on the Growth of Trees." But it was to Mr. Windham, of Felbrig in Norfolk, that he appears to have had the greatest obligations. He travelled abroad with him; spent much of his time at his house ; and was appointed one of his executors ; with a considerable addition to an annuity which that gentleman had settled upon him in his life-time. Mr. Stil- lingfleet's genius led him principally to the study of natural his- tory, which he prosecuted as an ingenious philosopher, an use- ful citizen, and a good man. Mr. Gray makes the following favourable mention of him, in one of his letters, dated from London in 1761 : " I have lately made an acquaintance with this philosopher, who lives in a gan'et in the winter, that he may support some near relations who depend upon him. He is always employed, consequently (according to my old maxim) always happy, always cheerful, and seems to me a worthy honest man. flis present scheme is, to send some persons, properly qualified, to reside a year or two in Attica, to make themselves acquainted with the climate, productions, and natural history of the country, that we may understar.d Aristotle, Theoj;hrastus, &c. who have been Heathen Greek to us for so many ages ; and this he has got proposed to Lord Bute, no imlikely person to put it in execution, as hq iiim.self is a botanist." An EpistL' by Mr. Stillingfleet, in 17^3, is printed in the " Poetical Magazine, 1764," p. 2'24. He published, about 1733, an anonymous pamphlet, intituled, " Some Thoughts concernin.?,- Happiness;" and in 1759 appeared a volume of " Miscelluneou > Tracts," chiefly translated from essays in the "Amnenitatcs Acad.iuicie," publislied by Linnaeus, interspersed with some observations and additions of his own. In this volume he shews a taste for clas- sical learning, atid entertains us v.ith some elegant poetic:d effu- sions. He annexed to it s'^nnc va]u;'.t,le '' ( )I)-('r\at.ions on Grasses," and dedicated the who!' to (ieoige Lord Lyttclton. A second edition of it appeared in 1702; a third in 1775. Mr. Stiliing- floct likewise publisiied " Sonic Thoughts occitsioned by the late Larth(iuakes, 1750," a poem, in4to; " Paiadisf Lf)st." an oratorio, set to nmsic by Stanley, I7eded, as heir-at-law, to his estate and ciTects. A will was found, -upposed to have been signed by old Mr. Busvargus two days before his death ; but there were so many suspicious circunistaiK es attending it, that the per.-ons who would h.ive been benefit (d by it never ventured to j)rove it. Mrs. Keigwyn died in 1773, and left a will, ix^jneathing the wliole of her estates to her son Jonathan. In 17^>0 Mr. J'oup published the first Part of liis Eineuilulionea in Suidutn, and in 17'^! thf second ^ 'i Part 340 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I76O. inprimis, cum explicantur turn emendantur, scrip- sit Jo. Toup, A. M. Ecclesiae de Martin, cum Part of the same work (on both which the Author of these Anea'otcs was the Compositor). These Books procured him the notice of Bj). Warburton, \vho, ft'om the time of their pub- lication, honoured him with his con'espondence and patronage. The Bishop, in one of his letters, laments his ha\ ing a see with- out any preferment on it 5 " had it been othenvise, he should have been too selfish to in\ ite any of his brethren to share with him in the honour of properly distinguishing such merit as Mr. Toup's." All, ho\^c\cr, tliat the Bishop could do, he did with the warmth and earnestness of sincere friendship. He re- peatedly recommended Mr. Toup to Abp. Seeker, to the Trustees for disposing of his Options, to Lord Shelburne, and to Bp. Kep- pcl ; and the favours that Prelate bestowed on Mr. Toup were owing to the solicitations of Bp. Warburton. The third Part of the Emeiidationes in Siiidum was published in 1766. In the fol- lowing year Abp. Seeker expressed a desire that IMr. Toup would lend his assistance towards a new edition of Polybius, which was then in contemplation. Bp. Warburton strongly pressed his com- pliance with this wish, and that he would lay by for a while the Notes he was preparing for Mr. Warton's edition of Theocritus. Whether this edition of Polybius was ever completed, is not cer- tain. In 1767 Mr. Toup's Epistola Critica ad virum celeherrimum Gul. Episcop. Gloc. made its appearance. In 1770^ Mr. Warton's edition of Theocritus was printed at the Univei-sity press in Ox- ford. Mr. Toup was a large contributor towards the corrections and annotations of this edition j in the title-page of which is noticed, "Epistola Jo. Toupii dc Syracusis, ejusdemque Addenda in Theo- critum, necnon Collationes quindecim Codicum." A note of his on Idyll, xiv. 37 + . gave such offence to some persons, that the Vice-chancellor of Oxford prevailed on the Editor to cancel the leaf on which it was printed, and substitute another in its room. In vindication of Mr. Toup, it is sufficient to say, that Mr. Warton had not stopped this note from going to the press, and that a respectable friend, in a letter on this subject, declares his persuasion of Mr. Toup's sincere veneration for Religion; and adds, that " no ma- lignant censures could abate his regard for his merit, or friend- ship for his person." This matter is before the publick, who may form their own judgment upon it. The race of Critics are well known to be no less irritable than that of Poets. The words here quoted were found in a copy of a letter, without any signa- ture, but dated April 1770. TJiis cepy is immediately followed, on the same half sheet of paper, by the copy of another letter, in Mr. Toup's hand-writing, wiiich was addressed by him to Dr. Cornwallis, Archbishop of Canterbury, and was plainly occa- sioned by the foregoing letter. In 1772 Mr. Toup pubhshed his " Cura; postcriorcsj sivb Appendicula iNotarum atque Einenda- % 'fooA-jpioi, compared with John xiii. 23. a-roixv/AuoitlM o?.>. tionum 17^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 34I Capellis de Loo, in Agro Cornubiense, Rectore,'* 8vo ; the first public specimen of this laborious scholar's profound critical sagacity. tionum in Theocritum, Oxonii nuperiimb publicatum," 4to; in which the substance of the canceled note was inserted not im- probably, all of that note which was omitted in the substituted leaf. He concludes his preface to this work with these w ords : " Quod verb scripsimus ad xiv. 37- verum est et honestum. Sed rem pro singular! sua sagacitate mintis ceperunt nonnuUi Oxonienses ; qui et me sugillare haud erubuerunt; homunculi eruditione mediocri, ingenio nulio ; qui in Hebraicis per omnem ferfe viram turpiter volutati, in Uteris elegantioiibus plane hospites sunt." By the severity of his critiques^ Mr. Toup seems to have given grievous offence to the learned Reiske ; who, in complimenting Mr. Tho- mas VVarton for his urbanity, styles him " dissimiliimus hie in re Toupio, homini tmculento et maledico, cujus literas majoris sim factiuiis, si humanitis alios tractare, et ipse sibi parcere, suae- que famae consulere melius didicisset." See Mant s Life of War- ton, vol.1, p. xlvi. Mr. Toup's next work was the Appendiculum Notarum in Suidam, printed in 1775. In 1778, " Longini om-> nia quae extant, Graecfe et Latin^ : Reccnsuit, Notasque suaa atque Animadversiones adjecit, Jo. Toupius. Accedunt Emen- dationesDavidisRuynkenii," was published from the Oxford press, in quarto. A second edition has since been printed in octavo. As a writer of great learning, and of singular critical sagacity, Mr. Toup needs no encomiast. The testimonies of Mr. Warton, of Bp. VVarburton, and of every person in any way distin- guished for classical learning at home ; of Ernestus, Hem-' sterhusius, Ruynkhenius, Valkenacr, Brunck, Kluit, d'Anse de Villoison, 1' Archer, he. &c. in all parts of Europe, suffici- ently establish his reputation as an author. To most or all of these he was assisting in the several works they published. As his life was passed in literaiy retirement, his cliaracter as a man was known but to few. It will appear from his works that he was not wholly unlinctured with that self-com- placency, which is the almost inseparable companion of too much solitude. But this tiiHing intirmily was ain])ly compen- sated by many virtues. He was a kind neiglibour, an indulgent master, an aftectionate and tender relation. Among his virtues may be enumerated his distiugui.shcd humanity to the inferior animals. The children of his tenants were restrained fr(na taking birds' nests on his extensive glelie of St. Maitin, or from confining birds in c;iges; tbe cow that iiad long .supi)lied his family was pre^cned from being killed, and was supported in her ohl age ; the dog, who was the guard of his courl-vani, or his companion in the pai lour, w;ls an object of his care and at- tention. His theological studies were well-directed : he sought for the truths of Religion, where only they eun he found, in the vScriptures, not in the glosses anrl eomaieuts of men : it will be needless to add, that he was a liberal and tcieiant Di\ ine. 342 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l 76O. " De Ratione Interpungendi, Auctore J. Ward, P. P.C.G." 8vo. Of this very learned Gresham He, was punctual and serious in the discharge of the duties of his profession; and in his ])reaching singularly plain and forci- ble. Ke died on the 19th of January, 1785, just entering into the 72d year of his age, and was bxu'ied under the communion- table in his church of St. Martin. Mr. Toup never was mar- ried F'lr the. latter years of his life a half-sister of his, by tl\e saiiie mother, a widow gentlewoman, with her three daughters, lived in thr house wi*^h h'l:; 3 and they inherited, by his will, what he left. It v> remarkable that thougln his name was Joniuhau, in his latrr :itiiji.> Ue always calls himself in Latin Joannes Toup. In some of the books he had when young, he has written E lAbris Java Tovp. He was a Christian from cor :>'ictkm ; not merely fron^. the acciflent of having been born in a coiin.jy vhrre Chtiitianity was professed. He fulfilled the duties f life conscic-titiously, and from principle j without pai...d or Ostentation. In his pursuit of leaning he was actu- ate, by the most honourable motives; by the desire of improving his own mind, and of annising himself and others. If in Bishop Warburton he found a patron capable of distinguishing merit, and zealous to reward it, let it be remembered, to the honour of both parties, that the Bishop's p;itronage was offered, not soli- cited. In the year 1764 he was repeatedly pressed by another Prelate, well known in the literary world, to (juit his retirement at St. Martin's, and to settle either in London or in Oxford, where he might have access to books, and miaht place himself in the way of notice and preferment. He was assured, at the same time, that the Bishop of his Diocese woidd him.sclf make a tender of his connivance at his non-residence, without any application from Mr. Toup on the subject. But everv proposal of this na- ture he constantly rejected. What his sentiments on the subjt^ct of residence were will appeal" from the following letter, sent by him to the London Chronicle, at the time of the contro\ers3r occasioned by Bp. Sherlock's last Charge to his Clergy. " Sir, The Bishop of London's late Charge against Non- residence is such a masterly, sensible, and seasonable piece, that it deserves the attention of. every Clergvman ; nay I could wish that every Parish would get a coj;y of it to be kept in the vestry-room, for the service and inspection of future Incumbents. For i am of the same opinion with the Author of a late spirited Letter to the Bishop of K , that the residence of the Clergy is absolutely necessaiy to the well-being of Christianity. The apology which Dr. has lately published in answer to the Bishop of London, is not properly an ap(>]oi;v for the clergy, but an apology for a set of worthless insigniiicar.i Ecclesiastics, who scarce deserve the name of Clergymen; who, instead of residing upon their proper cures, where they are in duty and conscience bound to reside, and living decently and hospitably in their se^'^ral parishes are idling away their tinie in Borough towns, aud 1 7^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 343 Professor some biographical particulars shall be given in a future page." and busying themselves there about matters which do not con- cern them. These are the men that Dr. has set himself up as an apologist for. And a pretty apologist truly he is. For I will venture to say, a more shallow and frothy performance has not made its appearance this great while 5 in which the good man, for reasons best known to himself, has laid out a great deal of pains to wash a blackmoor white. I will only mention one argument of his, from which a judgment may be formed of all the rest, \ iz. * that the learning and abilities of a Rector should not be thrown away upon a Country parish, which might be more usefully employed in a large and learned congr^ation.' Where, by the by, the Doctor takes one thing for granted, which, I believe, will scarce be allowed him, that the Rector of a parish has always more sense than his Cuiate ; a point which I leave to Dr. and his Curate to settle between themselves. I am. Sir, your most humble servant, A West-country Clergyman." Perhajjs in a passage towards the conclusion of Mr. Toup's Eputola Critica, he might intend some reference to his own voluntary retirement at St. Martin's, where he lived in the pur- suit of literary amusement, and in the unnoticed exercise of the duties of his profession. Having, on the authority of Eusebius, restored Hebr. xi. '67 > to its proper order, he adds, " Notandus Exitus Orationis, et acumen pen'enustum : they wandered about, and lived in dens and caves of the earth, of whom the WORLD was not worthy, magnanimi heroes. " Sit aninia mea vobiscum !" [Gent. Mag. LV. 185.] ''About the year 1750, or somewhat earlier, Mr. Toup offered Mr. Fletcher, the famous Oxford bookseller, to publish Longinus, if Mr. Fletcher would undertake to j)iint it on his own account, which the cautious old gentleman declined, as Mr. Toup's saga- city was not at that time known even to the University. The reftisal was a fortun.-^te one ; and the publick, no doubt, lias gained greatly by H\e-and-thirty yeais reading. When Mr. Toup returned from Ounbridgo, where he took his master's degree, he paid a \ isit to his friend in the Turl, and bought an unpub- lished Gieek Dictionary in MS. for two guineas, which, by tlie use the great Critic appears to Jiave made of it in his works, mast have boon a ])ennyworth. 1 know no veiy great peculia- rities in the life of this corrector of Suidas; the life of a leclu.se seldom atlbnls any that are worth relating. Mr. Ti/, like Homer's hero. Seu stat seu currit semper wo3'; wxuj 'A^'^^Xfuj. Mr. ReisKe indeed complained bitterly, it should seem, to Dr. Askew of Mr. Toup's usage of him, which made the Doctor offer to get any thing printed in London against Toup. Reiske, however, died without retaliation or apology, before or since, though the case of Erasmus and Scaliger might have shewn that great men can relent, and still maintain their dignity. But no injured Scholar on the Continent can want a champion while Mr. Schneider can hold a pen. Judge, O ye Muses ! of the provocation, how slight ! Mr. VVarton, one of the most ingeni- ous men vvc art^ possessed of, with great pretensions to a critical ta-^te in Greek, make- a few innocent h'unders in re-publishing aa edition of the Antiiokgia; upon which Schneider says, with a sneer, 'Qualm decent An^'um.' I wish Mr. Schneider could read Mr, VVarton's notes upon Milton, or any of his numerous works, which are so highly prized by his countrymen. When Mr. Toup republished the sub'tance of the canceled shttt in his Appendiculuiii Xutarum ad Theocritinn, he spoke very indecently of the Oxford Hebreeans, and treated them with the most con- Bummate contempt. Upon which a late eminent Professor fired an epigram in Greek at the Critic's head, and paid him in his own coin. The turn of the e])igram was, if I remember, an allusion to Toup's dedication of the Stratonics to the Arch- bishop, * that he had hung up the ensigns of Priai)us in the chapel at Lambeth.' I once saw a translation of this jeu ert young fellow thought 1^ could play upon the old Grecian, and i-aise a laugh at his expence, he was sure to meet with the greatest monitication in the end : for Mr. Toup's keenness and ability- to expose such characters, when roused, \^ere indeed veiy severe and dreadfid. Hv has been pro- voked loo with pei"sons, who, compared with lum, were mere dabblers in Greek, when they forced a literary conversation upon him. But i^an we wonder tliat his irritable temper should vent itself, when thus provoked r would it not have been mar\ cllous if he could al\\ays have checked it :" In a subsequent volume (LXVII. p. '2lti) another friend observes, " That Mr. Toiip had his foibles who can doubt ? for he was a man ; but one rt mark niav be made vnth truth; that he w-as most beloved and esteemed by those who saw him the noat"est. and knew him the most intimately. If it be said, that all these were under obligations to hun, wliat better tesrimony of goodness can he desired, than that, for upwai'ds of thirty years, a man was continually conferring obligations on his paiishioners, his ser- vants, and his u-lations ? Tiiis account, therefore, shall he cluseti ^\ilh the folUnving insorijuions to his memon- (the one cnirra\ed on a mural tablet of statuan- marble, the other du a medallion cf gill bi'as?, inclo>ed in black marble apj>endaut to it) on the Soiuh wall of the church of bt. Martin : " Near this place lie the remains of Jonathan 'I'olt, A.M. Rector of this parish 34 years, Vicar of >t. Merrin, and Prebcndan,' of Kxctor. His abilities, and critical sagacity. arc knoN\n to the Lt-arneil througliout Kuroj^e : His virtue?, from the retired piixacy of his life, wtri' kjiown but to i\\v. To iho.^c fow t'.uy ha\e eniioar il l\is memor)-. J 'I', wa*; born December 1713 : died Jan. lt>. 17S5." 345 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [lySO. " Letters from Juliet Lady Catesby to her Friend Lady Henrietta Campley ; translated from the French, by Mrs. Frances Brooke*," 12mo. [^Underneath is this inscnption.'\ " The Tablet above was inscribed to the memory of her uncle, by Phillis Blake : The charge of it was afterwards defrayed by the Delegates of the Oxford Press, as a small testimony of their respect for the character of Mr. Toup, and of their gratitude for his many valuable contiibutions." * This very excellent lady, whose maiden name was Moore, was the daughter of a clergyman, and the wife of the Rev. Joha Brooke, rector of Colney in Norfolk, of St. Augustine, in the city of Noi-wich, and chaplain to the garrison of Quebec. She was as remarkable for the gentleness and suavity of her manners as for her literary talents. The first literary performance we know of her writing was " The Old Maid," a periodical work, begun November 1.5, 1755, and continued every Saturday till about the end of July 1756. The^e papers have since been collected into one volume, 12mo. In the same year (I75G) she published " Virginia, a Tragedy, with Odes, Pastorals, and Translations," 8vo. In the preface to this publication she assigns as a reason for its appearance, " that she was precluded from all hopes of ever seeing the Tragedy brought upon the stage, by there having been t\vo| so lately on the same subject." "If hers," she adds, *' shoidd be found to have any greater resemblance to the two repi-esented, than the sameness of the story made unavoidable, of which she is not conscious, it must have been accidental on her side, as there are many persons of very distinguished rank, and unquestionable veracity, who saw hers in manuscript before the others appeared, and will witness for her, that she has taken no adA antage of having seen them. Slie must here do Mr. Crisp the justice to say, that any resemblance must have been equally accidental on his part, as he neither did, noi' could see her " Virginia" before his own v/as played ; Mr. Garrick haiing declined reading hers till Mr. Crisp's was published." Prefixed to this publication were proposals for printing by subscription a poetical translation, with notes, of " 11 Pastor Fido," a work which probably was never completed. In 1760 she jniblished " Lady Catesby's Letters 5" and in 1763 " Tlie Hibtor\ of Lady Julia Mandeviile," concerning the plan of which thcie were various opinions, though of the execution there secm^ vo have been but one. It was read with much avidity and gei^rral ap- probation. It has been often, however, wished that the cata- X " Virgioia," by Mr. Crisp, acted at Drury Lane, February 1754 j anj " Appius," by .Mr. Moncrief, acted at Coveut Garden^ March 175.5. ?troph6 1 7^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 347 It was a peculiarity, if it might be so called, in the character of Mr. Bowyer, that his engagements strophe had been less melancholy ; and of the propriety of this opinion the Authoress heiself is said to have been satisfied, but did not choose to make the altciation. She soon afterwards went to Canada vvitli her husband, who was chaplain to the garrison at Quebec ; and there saw those romantic scenes so admirably painted in " The History of Emily Montagrie, 4 vols. 12mo, 1769." The next year she published " Memoirs of the Marquis of St. Forlaix," in 4 vols. 12mo. On her return to England accident brought her acquainted with Mrs. Yates, and an inti- macy was formed between them which lasted as long as that lady lived ; and when she died, Mrs. Brooke did lionour to her memory by an elegant and afiectionatc eulogium, printed in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol LVII. p. 5S5. Mrs. Brooke had with Mro. Yates, for a time, some share in the Opera-house j and partook in the libellous abuse which the management of that theatre dtu'ing the above period gave birth to. It has been alveadr stated that her first play liad been refused by Mr. Garrick. After the lapse of several years she was willing once more to try her fortune at the theatre; and, probably, relying on the influence of Mrs Yates to obiain its representation, produced a Tragedy, which had not the good fortune to please the INLmager. tie the) efore rejected it ; and by that means excited the resentment of the Autiioress so much that she took a severe revenge on him, in a novel puldished in 1777. intituled "The Exci'.riion," Si vols. 12rno. It is not certainly known v.hether this rejected T)';;gedy is or is not the same as was afterwards acted at (>jvcnt Garden. If it was, it will furnish no impeachment of Mr. Ganick's judg- ment. It oug'r.t, however, to be repeated, tliat Mrs. B.o.ike thought her invective too severe; lamented and retracted it. Iix 1771 she translated " Elements of the History of Eiiglantl, from the Ir.vHsion of the Romans to the Reign of G.-cnge II. fi'oin the Abbe MiHot," 4 \olb. 12mo. In January I78I, "The Sicgi> of Sinope, a Tragedy," was acted at Covciit (iarden. This piece added but little to her reputation, though the jirineipal charac- ters were well sup])orted by Mr. Hend>'i',-50:i and .Mrs. Yalcs. It went nine niglits, but never became popular : it wanted energy, and had not mueVi originality; tiiere was little to di-aj;|irov.', but not much to admire. Her next ;uid nlo.^t popuhir .}: lix-.i-in- auce was " Rosina," acted at Covent Garden in Deccnib; r I ; s .\ This she pie^ented to Mr Harri-j ; and ft \v picccs ])i\c b.cu equally succss-ful. The simplicity of the story, the il .:;;ijicc of the words, and the excellence of the mu-ic, pjomi < ; !')))g duration to this drama. Her concluding \\(;rk -.vas " .Mui-.m," acted 17BS, at Co\ent Ciarden, wiih some iUc:cc:T:, but v<>:' iuuch infei'ior to " Rosina." Her Iui-IkiiuI difd oa th;- 21-! of ,' nunu-y 17-S9, a;id she herself e\pir('d on the 2.unc moutii, at Sleaford, where she had retired to the house of her son, who 348 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I76O. as a man of business never were suflficient to divest him of those sensibilities, which men conscious of their superiority in respect to hterary abihties some- times experience not to be among the blessings of a learned education. As he knew himself the first in his profession, he disdained the servility of solicita- tion ; but, when he saw himself neglected, or an- other preferred where friendship gave him a claim, he could not suppress the impulses of resentment, which he felt on such occasions. Many instances of this might be produced. They did not, how- ever, arise from avarice ; nor was the article of profit that which acted with the greatest force upon him. The most trifling consideration would pro- duce as warm an expostulation as one of the greatest. The following shall be produced as an instance to shew how sensibly he felt himself hurt on such an occasion. His friend Dr. Samuel Squire *, then Dean of Bristol, having preached before the House of Com- has preferment in that country. Her disorder was a spasmodic complaint. * This learned Divine, the son of an apothecary, was born at Warminster in Wiltshire in 17 14 3 and was educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, of which he became a fellow 3 B. A. 1733; M. A. 1737. Dr. John Wynne, bishop of Bath and Wells, appointed him his chaplain, and in 1739 gave him the chancellorship and a canonry of Weils ; and soon after collated him to the archdeaconiy of Bath. In 1748, he was presented by the King to the rectory of Topsfield in Essex 3 and in 1749, when the Duke of Newcastle (to whom he was chaplain, and private secretary! ^^ chancellor of the University) was installed Chancellor of Cambridge, he took the degree of D. D. In 1750 he was presented by Abp. HeiTing to the rectory of St. Anne, Westminster (then vacant by the death of Dr. Felling), being his Grace's option on the see of London, and for which he resigned his li\ing of Topsfield in favo'ar of a relation of the Archbishop. Soon after. Dr. Squire was presented by the King to the vicarage of Greenwich in Kent 3 and on the estab- lishment of the houshold of the Prince of Walos (liis present Majesty) he was appointed his Royal Highness's C.lik of the -f- In this character, from an unlucky similitude of names, he was ridi- culed in the famous Frag^meiit by the appellation of " Dr. Squirt, apothe- cary to Alma Mater's (or the old lady's) Steward." His darit complexion procured him in college conversation, and in the iquibs of the time, the uick name of " The I\Ian of Angola." J. D. Closet. IjSO.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 349 mons, on the General Fast-day, Feb. 13, 17O1 ; Mr. Bowyer of course expected to print the^ Ser- Closet. In 1760, he was presented to the Deanry of Bristol ; and in 1761 (on the death of Dr. EUys) was advanced to the Bishoprick of St. David's, the revenues of which were consider- ably advanced by him. [" These improvements of the estates of bishopricks, colleges, and other ecclesiastical revenues happen- ing by fits and starts, make them the more noticed ; but in the main they are not more extraordinary than those held in lay hands." T. F.'] He died, after a short illness, occasioned by his anxiety concerning the health of one of his sons. May 7, 1766. As a parish minister, even after his advancement to the mitre, he was most conscientiously diligent in the duties of his fimction ; and as a prelate, in his frequent visits to his see (though he held it but five years), he sought out and promoted the fiiendless and deserving, in preference, frequently, to power- ful recommendations, and exercised the hospitahty of a Christian Bishop. In private life, as a parent, iiusband, friend, and master, no man was more beloved, or more lamented. He was a fellow of the Royal and Antiquarian Societies, and a constant attendant upon both. He married one of the daughters of Mrs. Ardesoif, a widow lady of fortune (his parishioner) in Soho-square. Mrs, Ardesoif had also a son, who, after being apprenticed to a mer- chant in the city, went into the army, and died young. Some verses to her "on making a pin-basket," by Dr. (afterwards Sir James) Marriott, aie in the fourth volume cf Dodsleys Collection. Isaac Akerman, esq. and Matthew Howard, esq. married her two other daughters. Mrs. Squire, an excellent woman, by whom the Bishop left two sons and a daughter, did not long survive him. A SeiTi;ion, entituled " Mutual Knowledge in a future State," was dedicated to her, in 1760", with a just eulogium on Bp. Squire, by Dr. Dodd , in v, hich the occasion of the Bishop's death, alre^.dy mentioned, is tiius alluded to : " Alas ! Madam, we think with anxious concern of the exquisite sensibility of his aftectionate heart." Dr. Dodd had been chaplain to tlie Bishop, from whon^ he received a piebend oi Ihecoa. In Do Id's Works is, "A Sonnet, occa'-ioncd by leading the Truth and Importance of Natural and Revealed Religion;" " Gratitude and Merit," an epigiam on Bishop Squire 3 and " An Ode written in the Walks at Brecknock," expressive of gratitude to his friendly patron j whom, in his "Thoughts in Prison," Week IV. he thus notices; "And still more, when urg'd, ajjjjrov'd. And bless'd by thee, St. David's, honourd iVlcud, Alike ia Wisdom's and in Ijcarning's school Advancd and sage, ike." Bp. Sfjulre published the follfjuinii pieces : 1. "An Kjiquirv into the iNature of the English Constitvuitni ; or, an Historical E'-say on the Anglo-Saxon Government, both in Geriiianv and England," ,V "Tiio antieut Hi^toj-y of th'.- H(.i)n ^v^ vindicated; oj. Remarks on 350 LITERARY ANECDOTE! OF [l'j60: mOn. The profit attending such a small article, it will be easily supposed, could be no material object. on the Third Volume of the Moral Philosopher. Cambridge, 1741." 3. "Two E^snys. I. A Defence of the antient Greek Chronoloiry. II. An Enquiry into the Origin of the Greek Lan- guage. Cambridge. 1741." 4. " Plutarchi de Iside et Osiride hber; Greece et Anpriic^ ; Graeca recensuit, emendavit, Commen- tariis auxit, Versionem novam Anglicanam adjecit Samuel Squire, A.M. archidiaconus Bathoniensis ; accesserunt Xylandri, Baxtcri, Bentleii, Marklandi, C'onjeclurEe et Emendationes. Cantab. 1744." .5. "An Essay on the Palance of Civil Power in England, 174. . 8vo ;" which was added to the second edition of the Enquiry, &c. in 175.3. 6". " Indii^eronce for Religion inex- cusable, or a serious, inipnrtial, and practical Review of the certainty, imjjortance, and harmony, of natxual and revealed Religion, 1748/' ag-ain in 12mo, 1759. Of this work Mr. Sack, junior, a pastor at Magdebourg (son of the late Rev. Mr. Sack*, tirst chaplain to the King of Prussia), thiis expressed himself in a MS letter to tlie Hcv. JohnDuneombe: "Bishop Squire's ' Indif- ference for Religion inexcusable,' is extremely well translated, and very much esteemed by every one who loves his Rehgion moi'e than his Party opinions. You know that it is not the case with every Divine. My Father in particular is extremely pleased with the Method the Bi-hop employs In defending the Christian rehgion, it Ijeing so much the same with that he n)ade use of in his ' Defence of the Christian Faith,' that one would think the two works had but one author. I am sorry 1 had but once the honour to vis^it him." 7- " Remarks upon Mr. Carte's Specimen of his General History of England, very ])roper to be read by all such as are Contribators to that great Work, 1748," 8vo. 8. " The Princi; 'ps of Religion made easy to yoing Persons, in a shoit and fan;iiiar Catechism. Denic:-.tcd to (tlie late) Prince Frederick. London, 1763." 9. " A Lecter to tl.-e Right Hon. the Eii'i of Hailifa.i on the I'eace, 1763," 8\o, by Dr. Dodd, received great assistance from Bishop Squire. Nine of his Ser- mons on jmbiic (KCHsions were sepatstch .pi-intec: : 1. On Spital Tuesday, 1715j John xiii. 45. '2. At the Annual Meeting of the Charity Schools, 1749: Mattli. vi. ]9,9.0. 3. Before the Duke of Newcastle, Chnncellor, aiul the University of Cam- bridge, on Commencenient S{ir;day, .Time], \7 i9 : ^fatth. xiii. 54. 4. Before the House of Coninions, Junt il, 1751, being the Anviiveisary of hi- IShiirsu '* Acce-sion \o the ilirone j 1. Per. ii. 13. 5. A .speedy Rej.>entuiice, the m(;st etl'ectual M*ans to avert (iod's .liidgnient-, rreacaed at St. Anne's West- miii-ter, on the Fust-day, Feb *;, 1750"; Rev ii. 5. n. At St. Andrew, Holborn, ijefore the Go.ernurs uf the Sinall-Pox Hos- * Tills pa=ia!;:e produced tLe following billet: "The Rev. Mr. Sack writes to iJie irr m ikrliii, tli.it in a note to Air. n..)wyor*s Life, yon put his father and himself ainoi'.irst the dead, tli'jy 'Dcing both ali\t. Vour Dio.st obedient, and moot humble servant, C. G, \VoiuE. jJug. 14, 17 of M-.ircksticld and Mcjiton, Sir Juiues Burrow^ .lames West, esq. and Sir John Pringle. Vol U. a a nuing- 354 tlTERARY ANECDOTES OF [176O. nuing to print them for the present, thinks he should be vvanting to himself, and even to the Honourable House, if he did not hope a fair introduction was opened to him to re-print the Journals now under consideration. " That, when he first printed the Votes, he had the advantage for two or three years of printing likewise several Bills for the use of the House : But that the late Mr. Samuel Richardson, as well from his superior merit, as his superior knowledge of mankind, obtained, by the interest of the late Nicholas Hardiiige, esq. the sole printing of a bene- ficial branch of business, in which your Petitioner was at (irst a considerable sharer. The Votes in- deed were still continued to him by an honourable Patronage; which, though it rendered light all other disappointments, yet left room for a mortify- ing self-reilexion, that your Petitioner could not afterwards obtain the printing of a single sheet for this House, besides what was granted by the invariable friendship of him who so long presided in it. " That your Petitioner presumes again to offer himself a Candidate for the favour of this Honour- able Committee; which, if he shall obtain, he shall, as in duty bound, ever pray, &c. *" The letter to tlie Earl of Macclesfield gives me an opportunity of clearing up a transaction to which it alludes. Ihe Saxon types, which were used in printing St. (iregory's Homily, having been destroyed by fire (as has been already mentioned in vol. I. p. 67) ; Lord Chief Justice Parker was at the ex- pence of cutting a new Saxon type from Jac similes prepared for Mrs. Elstob by Mr. Wanley ; the punches and matrices of which Mr. Bowyer's son presented, by the hands of Edward-Rowe Mores, esq. * This application was not successful ; but he obtained, a few years after, a decided preference in the Ujjper House of Parlia- nient, in the appointment of Printer of the Journals of the House of Lords, against all other competiiion, to \ 7^0.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 355 to the University of Oxford, with the following letter : ".To Edward-Rowe Mores, esq. at Low Ley ton. " Sir, Dec. 4, 1753. " I make bold to transmit to Oxford, through your hands, the Saxon punches and matrices, which you were pleased to intimate would not be unac- ceptable to that learned Body. It would be a great satisfaction to me if I could by this means perpetuate the munificence of the noble Donor, to whom I am originally indebted for them, the late Lord Chief Justice Parker, afterwards Earl of Macclesfield, who, among the numerous Benefactors which mv father met with, after his house was burnt in 1712-13, was so good as to procure those types to be cut, to enable him to print Mrs. Elstob's Saxon Gram- mar. England had not then the advantage of such an Artist in Letter-cutting as has since arisen* : and * Mr. William Caslon, born in that part of the town of Hales Owen which is situated in Shropshire, in 1692, and who is justly styled by Mr. Rowe-Mores " the Coryphaeus of Letter-founders," was not trained to that business ; " which is a handy-work, so concealed among the artificers of it,' that Mr. Moxon, in his indefatigable researches on that subject, " could not discover that any one had taught it any other; but every one that had used it learnt it of his own genuine inclination." Dissertation upon English TyjK)graphicul Founders and rounderies, p. I7. He .erved a regular apjirentice^hip to an engraver of ornaments on gun-barrels ; and was taken from that instrument to an employ- ment of a very different tendency, the propagation of the Christian fuiih. In the year 1720 (the year in which his eldest son was born) the Society for jromoting Christian knowledge, in con- eecjuence of a repieseutation made by Mr. Salomon Negri, a native of Damascus iji Syiia, well skilled in the Oriental lan- guages, who had been professor of Arabic in places of note for a great part of his lif.;, deemed it expedient to print, for tiie use of the Ka-^tern Churches, the New Testament and I'salter in the Arabic language, for the benefit of the jjoor Christians in Pales- tine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Arabia, and Egypt ; the constitution of which countries allowi d of no piinting ; and Mr. Caslon was pitched upon to cut the fount Avhich in his specimens is distin- guished by the nan)e of Lni;!ish Arabic. Mr. Caslon, after he had finished his Arabic fount, cut the letters of his own name in Pica Roman, and placed the name at the bottom of a speci- men of the Arabic ; aud Mr. Palmer (the reputed author of KK'i VijX- 556 LITERARY ANECDOTES or [ijSO. it is to be lamented, that the execution of these is not equal to the intention of the noble Donor ; Psalmaimzar's " History of Printing"") seeing tins name, advised Mr. Caslon to cut the whole fount of Pica. Mr. Caslon did so ; f,nd as the performance exceeded the letter of the other foimders of the time, Mr. Palmer, whose circumstances required credit with those who, by this advice, were now obstructed, repented of having given the advice, and discouiaged Mr. Caslon from any farther progress ; a circumstance which was verified by the cele- brated Dr. Franklin, who was at that time a journeyman under Mr. Watts, the first printer that employed Mr. Caslon. Mr. Cas- lon, disgusted, applied to Mr. Bowyer ; imder whose inspection he cut, in 1722, the beautiful fount of English ^hich was used in printing Selden's Works, 1720 ; and the Coptic types which were used for Dr. Wilkins's edition of the Pentateuch (which let- ter, having accidentally escaped the conflagration of 1808, I still possess) ; Mr. Caslon was encouraged to j)roceed farther both bj Mr. Bowyer and his brother-in-law Mr. Be ttenham ; and had the candour to acknowledge Mr. Bowyer as his master, and that he had taught him an art, in which, by diligence ard unweaiied application, he ai'rived to that perfection, iis not only to remove the necessity of importing types from Holland ; but in the beauty and elegance of those made by him so far surpassed the best pro- ductions of foreign artificers, that his types have not imfrcquently been exported to the Continent; and it may still with great jus- tice and confidence be asserted, that a moie b;autiful specimen than his is not to be found in any part of the world. It appeal"? by the Dissertation of Mr. Mores, p. 86, tiiat Mr. Caslon had a brother named Samuel, who was his niould-iiiaker, and after- wards lived with Mr. Geoi-ge Andcrton, of Birmingham, in the same capacity. Mr. Ci^slon's first foundery was in a small house- in Helmet Row in Old Street ; he afterwards removed into Iron- monger Row ; and about the year 1 735 into Ciusweil-street, wliere the foimdery was carried on at first by himself, and afterwards in conjunction with William, his eldest son ; %vhose name first ap- peared in the specimen of 1742. In or about the year 1/50, ?.Ir. Caslon was put into the conmiission of the peace for the coimty of Middlesex ; and retired from the active jiart of business to a house opposite the Nag's Head, in the Hackney road ; whence he removed to another house, in Water Gruel Row ; and afterwards to Bcthnal Green ; where he died, Jan. 23, 17^>C ; at the age of 74 ; and was buried in the church-yard of St. Luke, Middlesex ; in which parish all his dilrcrent founderies were situated. A monument, erected to his memoiy, is thus briefly inscribed : * W. Caslon, esq. ob. 23 Jan. 176'6', fet. 74. Also, W. Caslon, esq. (son of the above) ob. 17 Aug. 177H, aet. 58 years." One particular in his character is thus excellently described by Sir John Hawkins (History of Music, vol. V. p. 127)- " IMr. Cas- lon, meeting with eneoiu'agement suitable to his deserts, settled in Ironmonger row, in Oid-streetj and, being a great lo\er of music. 1760.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 357 I now add, to the place in which they are to be re- posited. However, I esteem it a peculiar happiness, music, had frequent concerts at his house, which were resorted to by many eminent masters 3 to these he used to invite his friends, and tl^ose of his old acquaintance, the companions of his youth. Jle afterwards removed to a large house in Chiswell- street, and had an organ in his concert-room ; after that he had stated monthly conceits ; which, for the convenience of his friends, and that they might walk home in safety when the per- formance v.as over, vsere on that Tlnusday in tlie month which was nearest the fu! I moon ; from which circumstance 1 lis guests were wont humorously to call themselves Lunatics. In the in- tervals of the performance the guests refreshed themselves at a sideboard, which was amply furnished ; and when it was over, sitting down to a bottle of wine, and a decanter of excellent ale, of IMr. Caslon's own brewing, they concluded the evening's en- tertainment with a song or two of Purcell's, sung to the harp- sichord, or a few catclies ; and about twelve retired." There is a good mezzotinto print of him by J. Faber, from a painting by F. Kytc, inscribed (iulielmus Caslon. His second son, Thomas, was for many years a bookseller of eminence in Stationers' couit ; whei-e he died, March 29, 1783. Of tlie modern state of this undoubtedly- most capital foundery in the world, the particulars are gi\en by Mr. Mores, with gome attempts at pleasantry. His ridicule, however, before the publication of his book, had lost ts sting by the death of the second of the Caslons, who, as an artist, had certainly great merit, though not equal to his father. He died in 1778; leaving a widow, whom, in the history of this celebrated foundeiy, it would be improper to pass unnoticed. She wfLs the oidy child of Dr. Cartledgc; ?nd her mother marry- ing again imi)rudently, she was put to school by an uncle, who took care to pro\ ide for her. Her merit and abilities in conduct- ing a caj)ital business during the life of her husband, and after- wards till her son was capalde of nianaging it, can only be known to those who had dealings with that manufactory. In quickness of understanding, and activity of execution, she hris left few equals among lier sex. On the death of her liusband, and their eldest son's establishing himself in the magniMceut building now oceujned by Messrs. Lackington and Co. in Moor- fields (the Tcm])le of the Muses), she conducted the foundery herself, and continued to do so till disabled by an attack of the palsy; which she survived but a few months, dving Oct. 23, 179;"j, aged about 70. After t'ne death of the mother. There were still two very large foimderies carried on; one of them by a third IVUiuini Caahni, wh(^ having quitted Mooriields, had become the purclr.ist r of the Javkson fuimdcry in Dorsut-street ; since given up -to his son, a fourth H'lUktut ('.aslnti, ii young man of considerable abilities, to whom I cannot recomn)end a better Uiuiiel than his great grand-father, who was universalK esteemed as a {irst-icite artist, a lender master, and an honest, fiiendlv, and bene- 358 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [176O. that as my father received them from a great Patron of Learning, his son consigns them to the greatest benevolent man. The original foundery in Chiswell-street was purchased by Mr. Charles Catherwood, a distant relation, who died June 7, 1809, aJt. 45; and is still carried on by Mr. Henry Caslon (another great-grandson of the first William) under the firm of Caslon and Catherwood. It is but common justice to mention in this place the names of Cottrell and Jackson, as Letter-founders who were trained up under the auspices, and pursued with commendable industry the steps, of their excellent instructoi-. Mr. Mores says, " Mr. Thomas Cottrell is in order ii primo proximus. He wa in the late Mr. Caslon's house, an apprentice to dressing, but not to cutting. This part he learned, as Mr. Moxoii terms it, ' of hi own genuine inclination.' He began in the year 1757, with a fount of English Roman ;" [and afterwards cut a fount of Nor- man, intended (but not used) for Domesday-b(>ok] . " He lives in Nevil's-court, in Fetter-lane ; obliging, good-natured, and friendly; rejecting nothing because it is out of the common way, and is expeditious in his performances." Mr. Cottrell died in 1785, 1 am sorry to add, not in affluent circumstances, though to his profession of a Letter-founder were superadded that of a Doctor for the Tooth-ache, which he cured by burning the ear ; and had also the honour of serving in the Troop of his Majesty's Life-guards. " Mr. Joseph Jackson was in Mr. Caslon's house too, an apprentice to the whole art, into which he launched out for himself upon the same principle as did Mr. Cottrell ; for, actuated by the same motives, they both flew off together. Mr. Jackson lives in Salisbury-court, in Fleet-street ; he is obliging, and communicative, and his specimen will, adjuvante Numinti have place amongst the literate specimens of English letter-cut- ters." Of Mr. Jackson Mr. Mores would have said more, if he had lived to witness the progi*ess of his diligent exertions. He too, after cutting a variety of types for the Rolls of Parliament (a work which will ever reflect honour on the good taste and muni- ficence of the present Reign), employed his talents on Domesday, and in a manner more successful than his fellow-labourer. I have much gratification in stating, that the two beautiful volumes of that valuable record were finished at the press in 1783, on a plan which I had the honour of projecting, and Mr. Jackson the skill to execute, under the title of " Domesday Book ; sive Liber Censualium Willielmi Regis Angliae, inter Archivis Regiis in Domo Capitulari Westmonasterii asservatus. Jubente Rege Augustissi- mo Georgio Tertio prelo mandatus. Londini, Typis J. Nicliols, 1783." To Mr. Jackson's Occidentals may also be added a beautiful Pica Greek, which he cut under the express direc- tion of Mr. Bowyer, who used to say, " the types in common use were no more Greek than they were English." And (under the direction of Joshua Steele, esq. the ingenious author of " Prosodia Rationalise an Essay towards establishing the Melody and ..^t^.^'^'^^h/, 1760.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 359 Seminary of it, and that he is, Sir, your most obliged friend, and humble servant, W. Bowyer." and Measure of Speech,") Mr. Jackson augmented the num- ber of musical types, by 8\ich as represent the emphasis and cadence of prose. See Mores' Dissertation on Typographic Founders, pp. 82, 83. 97. Mr. Jackson, born in Old-street, Sept. 4, 1733, was the first child baptised in St. Luke's church j and received his education at a scl.ool in tliat neighbourhood, the gift of a Mr. Fuller; whence he \vc:s appi'enticed to Mr. Cas- lon. Being exceedingly tiactable in the conunon branches of the business, he had a great desire to learn the method of cutting the punches, which is in general kept profoundly secret; his master and master's father locking themselves in whenever they were at that branch of the business. This difficulty he sur- mounted by boring a hole through the v/ainscot, and observing them at different times, so as to form some idea of the mode in which the whole was performed ; and ap])lied himself at eveiy opportunity to the finishing of a punch. When he had com- pleted one to his own mind, he presented it to his master, ex- pecting to be rewarded for his inpt:emuty : but the premium he received was a hard blow, with a threat that he should be sent to Bridewell if he again made a similar attempt. This circum- stance being taken in dudgeon, his mother bought him what tools were necessary, and he improved himself at her house whenever he had an opportunity. He continued to work for his master, after he came out of his time, till a quarrel arose in the foundery about the price of work ; and a memorial, which ter- minated in favour of the workmen, being sent to the elder Caslon (who was then in the commission of the peace, and had retired to Bethnal-green) young Jackson and Mr. Cuttrell were dis- charged, as the supjMJsed ringleaders. Compelled thus to seek empU-yment, they united their slender stock in a pixrtneiship, and \^ent on pvospernusly till, Jackson's mother dying, he en- tered, in 1759, on board the Minerva frigate, as armourer; and in May 1761 was lemovcd, with Captain Alexander Hood, into the same situation in the Aui-ora; and proved somewhat successful, ha\ing aljout 40l. prize-money o receive at the Peace of 17(j3. Dviiiig the time he was at sea, he was visited by a se\ere lit of sickness, in wliich he vowed, if he recovered, to lead in future a very penitent life; which promi-^e lie ]Mmctually fullilled. On his return to London, iie woiked for ^('nie time uixler Mr. Cot- trell ; till, (letenuiuing to adventure into business for himself, he WAS encouraged to do so by two Lifc-gnuidsnien, his fellow- workmen, who eng-.iged to allow him a small piitartce for sub- sistence, and to su})plv money for carrying on the tra le, for two years. Taking n small house in Co( k-!;ine, he soon satisfied his partners that tiiC business wnuld be j^roduetive hctore the time promised. W'h.en he had pui.sued his labours about six months, Mr. Bowyer accidentally calling to inspeei some ofhis punches ( for he had no specimen), approved them so much, that lu. promised to 360 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [17^0. Among the specimens of the University types, these Saxon characters are preserved, under the following title : " Characteres Anglo-Saxonici per eruditam foeminam Eiliz. Elstob ad fidem codd. to employ him-, adding, " My father was the means of old Mr. Caslon riding in his coach : how do you know but I may be the means of your doing the same ?" A short time after this, he put out a small specimen of one fount ; which his young master carrying to Bethnal -green with an air of contempt, the good old Justice treated it otlicrwise ; and desired his son " to take it home, and preserve it ; and whene\ er he went to cutting again, to look well at it." It is but justice to the third ^\'illiam Caslon to add, that he always acknowledged the abilities of Jackson ; and thougli rivals in an art which requires the gi'catest exertions of ingenuity, they lived in habits of reciprocal friendship. Bu- siness iticreasing rapidly, Mr. Jackson removed to Dorset-street, for a more capacious workshop ; and about 1771 was applied to by the late Duke of Norfolk to make a mould to cast a hollow square. Telling the Duke tliat he thought -this was practicable ; his Grace observed, that he had applied to all the skilful me- chanicks in London, Mr. Casldn not excepted, who declared it inipossible. He soon convinced the Duke of his abilities j and in the course of three montlis producing what his Grace had been years in search of, was ever after held in great estimation by the Duke, who considered him as the first mechanick in the kingdom. In 1765 he married Eliz. Tassell, originally a whinstcr in Spital-fields, a very worthy woman, and an excellent wife, who greatly contributed, by lier care and industiy, to his getting forward, on his first entering into business. She died Dec. 3, 1783, at the age of 4d ; and, in about six months after, he mar- ried Mury Pa.'^ham (the widow of a printer in Black Friars), who died Sept. 14, 1791, at the age of 52. Surviving tlie second of his \Ai\ es but a few months ; he died of a ,scarlet-fc\ cr, at his founder_v< in Dorset-street, Salisbury-square, Jan. 14, 17'.>2; aiid his remains were on tlie 53d deposited^ in the same grave with them boih, in the front ground cf the Spa-Fields Chapel, a neat orfition being delivered on the occasion by the Rev. Mr. Towers ; who preached aiso a funeral sermon on the 29th, at hj's meeting- house in Barbican, of which ?.lr. Jackson was one of the Deacons. By the death of this ingenious artist, and truly w orthy man, the poor lost a most excellent benefactor, his own inmiediate con- nexions a steady friend, and the literaiy world a valuable coad- jutor to their labours. To particularize tlic articles of his foun- deiy which were more peculiarly superior, when all were excel- lent, would be imnecessaiy. Let it sufiice to mention, as matters of difficulty and ciaiosity, the fac-siniile types which he formed for Domesday Book, and for the Alexandrian New Testament j and, as a jjattern of the miost perfect sjmmctry, the types which printed tlie splendid edition of the Bible published by Mr. Mack- lin. Mr. Jackson had acn\iired some considerable property, the bulk 1760.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. $6 1 mss. delineati : quorum tarn instrumeiitis cusoriis quam matricibus Univ. donari curavit E. R. M. h Collegio Regin. 1753- bulk of which, having left no child, he directed to be equally divided between fourteen nephews and nieces. On his only ap- prentice, Mr. Vincent Figgins, the mantle of his predecessor has fallen! With an ample portion of his kind instructor's reputation he inherits a considerable share of his talents and his indiistry ; and has distinguished himself- by the many beautiful specimens he has produced, and particularly of Oriental types. And here I hope 1 shall not be accused of being ostentatiously vain, if I close this note "\\ith a P. S. which is subjoined at the particular request of the only person it could possibly offend. " I am greatly obliged to you for the very flattering mention of my name ; but you have not done yourself the justice to record your own kindness to me: that, on Mr. Jackson's death, finding I had not the means to purchase the Foundery, you encouraged me to make a beginning. You gave me large orders, and assisted me with the means of executing them ; and, during a long and difficult sti-uggle in pecuniaiy matters for fifteen years, you, my dear sir, never refused me your assistance : without which I must have given it up. Do mention this that, as the first Mr. Bowj'er was the means of establishing Mr. ( aslon his son, Mr. Jackson it may be known, that Vincent Figgins O'wes his prosperity to Mr. Bowyer's successor." * On the first face of this business there is at least an unhand- some suppression of Mr. Bowyer's name. But the following short series of letters will set the matter in a clearer light : 1. "To the Rev. Mr. Shepherd, Fellow of Corpus Christi College. " Rev. Sir, Dec. 24, 1760. " A letter, of which the inclosed is a copy (sec p- o;"}."3), waa sent, agreeably to the date of it, Dec. 4, 1/53, with the Saxon punches and matrices mentioned in it, to ICdward-Rowe-'Mores, esq. at Low Levton, in Essex ; who soon after put them irito the hands of Mr. Ciislon, letter-founder, to repair, and rciKfer them more fit tor use Mr. Cnslon having kept them for four or five years without touching them, Mr. iiowyer removed them into the hands of Mr. Cottrell, another letter-founder, from whom Mr. Bouycr received them litted up, and delivered them a second time to Mr. Alores, in the year 1758, togetlier with 151b. of letter fresh cast from those matrices, and with them a copv of IMrs. Eistob's Saxon Grammar, bound and lettered, the book for which tiiey were originally cut ; all which arc s;iid by .Mr. Mores to ha\e been road, who had brought with him a volimie of Almanacks for yeai.-s to come, written in Portuguese; he was to bring it for me thij next day to his house in London, which I dare say he did ; bu t your life and my life are pretty similar, and I have not been in London since. As 1 write innnediately, 1 cannot tell whethei: jou have had occasion for it or not, that pleasure 1 propose to myself crastino primo diluciilo." [Mr. Eow- yer had it at that tir ne in contemplation to print a He brew Ca- lendar, to answer. tlie purpose of a modern Almanack. He in- tended also to have printed a Calendar shewing the holidays of oki Rome, I have the copy of both, which he had begun to prepare for that purpose.] " I shall take it as a singular favour if you will oblige me wit Jh the anecdote of the French Polyglott and Cardinal 1760.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. $6$ " De Graecorum Ouinta Declinatione Imparisyl- labica^ et inde formata Latinorum Tertia Quaestio Grammatica ;" a valuable little Tract, in 4to, of which only Jorti/ copies were printed*. Cardinal Richelieu, inserted in the margin of your Palmer." [This anecdote is inserted in Mr. Moies's Dissertation on Typo- graphical Founders, p. 11.] " Now, Sir, to give a further proof that you are not out of my thoughts, permit me to trouble you with what 1 intend to say in defence of the Vice-chancellor of Oxford, the late Dr. Browne, Provost of Queen's, a most worthy gentleman, and not to be blamed xipon this occasion, because 1 believe that he did not fully comprehend the matter. " She [Mrs. Elstob] procured a fount of English Saxon to be cut according to lier own delineation from the manuscripts of the times ; they ^vere cut by Mr. Robert Andrews, at the expence of the Earl of ?tlacclesfield ; she used them in her Gi-ammar only. The punches and matrices are now in the Clarendonian, a present n:iade at the instance of one who would gladly "hew a greater instance of affection and duty, by Mr. Vvilliam Howyer, a follow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, a typogifipher of the Stephanian age, a son of Alma Cant. ; but a letter of Mr. Bo\vyer's will speak better than we can speak for him, and we insert it with the greater pleasure, as it mentions with hono\ir those who live in our eteem. And now, dear Sir, be pleased to correct what I have said, and make it agreeable to yourself; there should be no ceremonies betwixt us : add what you pletise, but I can abate nothing. The letter cannot be altered, for it is at Oxford. [It is printed in his Dissertation on Typograi)hical Founders, p. 2S.] Dear Sir, I am, yours affectionately, Euwako-Rou k Moris." G. " To Mr. Nichols. " Sir, Orford, Ju::. S, 1778. " I had yesterday a letter from Mr. Price, jirincipal Bodleian Librarian, who hupi)ened to be from hence for a few day.s at the Duke of Beaufcjrt's. Mr. Price inclo.-^ed to mc a letter from Mr. Gough ; the questions in which letter Mr. Gough (k^'^ire9 maybe answered to you. Dr. Browne, Provost of Queen's college, was Vice-chancellor from 17^19 to 1709 inclusive. On loolaug over the papers of a gentleman, since dead, of Queen's college, and who used to assist Dr. Browne, I find that i\lr. .Mores, about Dec. 4, 1753, rtceived from Mr. Bowver a small box of Saxon pvmehes and matrices, the same in which the letters were ci-t for Mr>. K 1.1 tob's .Saxon Grammar; and it alsoapjjears that ,\lr, Morrs did not send the bcjx of matrices and pimehes (nor anv tvpes) till Oct. 0, 1/04; when Dr. Browne was (|uite iiraltenti\i' to lui-iiic.-r-; for he dicfl in that last year of iiii oMiee. The box oi" jjuiiehe? anil matrices are now in my posse>si)n, a.<( jtriiitcr to ih" L'lii- versity. lam. Sir, vour mosl humble Bcrvaut, Dan. Pkinck." * See vol. IV p. '297. 17^1. 3^4 >,^^ LITERARY ANECDOTES or [l76^1. ^%. , 1761. The principal books of this year were, ** Verses on the Coronation of their late Majesties King George II. and Queen Caroline, October 4, 1727 ; spoken by the Scholars of Westminster School (some of them now the Ornaments of the Nation), on January I5 following, being the Day of the Inauguration of Queen Elizabeth, their Foundress ; with a Translation of all the Latin Copies: the whole placed in the Ordfer of the Transactions of that important Day. Adorned with the Coronation Medals of the Royal Pair, and a Bust of our present King. To which is subjoined, the Ceremonial of the august Procession, very proper to be compared with the approaching one * ; and a Catalogue of the Coronation Medals of the Kings and Queens of England -I-." The original part of this pamphlet * That of their present IMajesties. f The following account of this pamphlet was given by Mr.Bow- yer, in the Gentleman's Magazine/' 1761, vol. XXXI. p. 422 : ^ "Among the numerous forms of tlie proceeding at a Coi'ona- tion, which are in general but a list of dignities, and a new arrangement of the Court Calendar, I am not a little pleased to see one which gives life to the splendid shew ; and which, while the 6} e is entertained, affoids reflection for the understanding; I mean, the Epigrams spoken by the Westminster Scliolars upon the Coronation of his late Majesty ; which are now very season- ably re\ived, and aj)])ear new to tlie present generation. The Editor has ranged them in order of the procession ; by which means, as he observes, the business of the day gradually opens before us, and we shall be improved, as well as entertained, spectators In short, we are enraptured with genuine gold, dazzling gems, and s])arkling wit, throughout the ceremony. After this, it is but just we should give the reader a specimen of one or two of the Ejjigrams ; and shall lca\ e him under the pleasing uncertainty of determining which are originals, and which translations. On the Favoiu's [an Original, by the late Duke of Leeds], Thy name, great Prince, inscrib'd in silk behold. On glittering favours rough with wo\tn ti,old. The man ci'cct displays it on the crest. The softer fair-one wears it at her breast. Thus Britain her united wish imparts : Thine arc the wisest heads, and truest hearts. On 1761.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3^5 was entirely Mr. Bowyer's ; the Latin verses were translated, partly by him, but principally by the person who now inscribes these Anecdotes to his memory. The advertisement to this pamphlet, which was entirely his own, is a curiosity : " Two things, we trust, the great names subscribed to these Epigrams will pardon ; the one, that we have not observed the method in which they were deli- vered ; which being in an extempore manner, a neglect of order was then becoming ; but, as they describe a ceremony long since past, and now to be revived, it was more natural to place them in the order of the procession, that the reader might see the business of the day gradually open before him, and be again a spectator at it. Ke will recall the solicitude of Chloe, rising by candle-light ; the laying aside of hoops, and putting on favours ; the eager expectation of the people ; the opening of the procession with the herb-woman ; the im- portance of the Beadle of Westminster, by the help of his staff; kettle-drums, organ-blowers, beef-eaters ; the charms of peeresses and maids On theOpenini^ of the Procession [a Translation, by J. NiclioLs]. First in procession of the pompous (Uiy, W\i\\ fragi-ant Howers a niuti'on marks the way : Next trumpets, kettle drums, a various band. Too liard, loo many, in a verse to stand : Then peers, earls, 9 ; resigned Westminster school in January 17 in liis B9th year, were of the most benev olciit and amiable kind. With great learning, he was mod"st ; tb ou"-h rai.^,ed to the higliest station, he was meek and humble. His religion was a rebgiou of tiie mind ; jjractised in all the con- cerns of life, without austerity, and free from ostentati on; a. Strict integrity and high sense of honour were conv picuou 3 in all 3^8 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l?^!* last coronation, spoken in Westminster school. As at the time they were printed they were thought no his dealings ; and his promises were unbroken. The mildness of his temper rendered him indulgent to the faults of others, and made him a condescending, engaging, and instructing companion. Those who in early life had the happiness of being his pupils, universally agree, that, as an instmctor, he had few equals. It is difficult to say, whether he most excelled in his manner of conveying knowledge, or in exciting youth to lauda- ble pursuits ; in storing their minds with good principles, or in era(hcating bad ; in extolling the happiness of virtue, or in ex- posing the misery of vice. His knowledge in Greek and Roman Literature was universal ; his taste pure, and his topogi'aphical accuracy most uncommon. With these requisites, he never failed to insure the attention of his scholars, and to enliven his lectures by pleasing and interesting anecdotes. He was so per- fectly master of the proper incentives for ditferent dispositions, that the studious were ever ambitious of his praise, whilst the idle feai'cd his rebuke. After lia\ ing successively presided over those great seminaries, Westminster and Christ Church, his character and learning recommended him as worthy to direct the education of their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York -, an event which, notwithstanding some illiberal opposition, led to that rank which he so honourably reached, and so creditably filled. It does not appear that the Archbishop of York was ever engaged in works for the press, though no one wo^ more consulted by others. In the great Assembly of Peers he seldom spoke ; but, when once attacked, in a very pointed manner, for party purposes, he defended him- self with great spirit and eloquence. He was neither a florid nor a frequent preacher. He particularly disdained those arts by which popularity is often acquired from the pulpit ; but, in the exercise of his clerical functions, his voice was clear, distinct, and melodious. His language was remarkable for its simplicity and elegance ; his sentences were concise and perspicuous ; and ihis manner fn public, as in private, was animatetl, dignified, and persuiisive. In all the relations of life, this truly great man was peculiarly happy. As a husband, he was beloved j as a fa- ther revered; as a master, served with affection; as a patron aiiil benefactor, his bounties were felt and gratefully acknow- ledtred- His establishment was princely without parade, and his hospitality noble. By his assisting hand, the churches of York, Ripun, and Southwell, weie repaired, ornamented, and beautified. Throughout an extensive Diocese, his Clergy looked up to him with respect and deference; and all listened to him with lo\e and admiration. He was blessed with six sons (the eldest of \\ horn is Dean of York) and seven daughters. Eleven of his children siuvived him. One daughter died in the prime of youth ; and a beloved and gallant son, after having obtained the rank of Ueutenant-colouel in the army, fell gloriously in the ser- vicc / 1^71-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. *^6g discredit to it, so I trust they will now be again received with fresh u|)pro])ati(ni from the publick. As it is long since they were printed, you may possibly not have a co})y of them. I thought it my duty, therefore, to send you one. If you want more, you may command them from, Sir, vour most obedient humble servant, W. Bowyer." ^' Memoirs of the Life of Rr.ger de Weseham, ?)ean of Linc(,ln, and Bi -iio]) of Coventry and Litclitield, Favourite of R;;')(:'rt (^rosscteste. Bishop of Lincoln ; being intended as a Prelude to the Life of the last-mentioned excellent Prelate ; wherein the Krrt^rs of former Antiquaries are carefully con- sidered. })y Samuel Pegge, Prebendary of Litch- tield," 4to. vice of his Kin2,- and Country. His Gmce Imd the ba])pincs3 of f^ccini^ some of iiis clilldren {greatly, and others well aiiitdj with The additional sati:^faction, in ]\is declining' years, of viewing the foundation of a large ))Osterity, aiiaually increasing through a lengthening chain of grand-children. To eniunerate all tl;e great ([iialities of tliis veiurablc nv.m is not an easy task. 'IhOiC who have heard his sentiments, and listened to his pre- cept.-,, will feel that nothing in this liasty
    • alion is extui;- gei'ated ; they will recognisse, with pleasure, some of those ti'aits which their own ]-ecollection cannot fail to coniinn. Arch- ])i>ho]} Maikhamgase loOO/. at ( hri.-tmas 180G to each of his gmnci-childntn, amounting to tiie ]U!ni!)er of f()rty->e\('n ; and i.-, sujipo-^ed to ha\e hcciueaiiu' 1 p!-(;;)(i'tv to the amount of 100:000/. There is a jiortr.iit of him in tlic hall of (:!n'i>t Church, Ijv Sir.Toslma Re\nolds, tlui^ -i[u;i:um- hiigth, standing, in his ciii-copai I'ohes ; a;',d anoUier ii) tiu; Common jl(>om, a-* master of \\'e,-,trni:i.ster x-'iool. From an atlectiouaie '' 'I'dacu of Respect to the "Memory of Ab|). Maikham," hy my fric:; 1 Dr. lord of Milton Mowhrav, I tiaoscribi- il-.c eoncluding linc- : " H.iii, \V(;i->ev\ hoiKjui'd dnmc ! to tliee renuii 'i'lie liolden dav>> thou (i>l iuil ui-^iv in, Of Fell and Aldrieh I )ie\i r-ixiuL^- ual;);^ ! .'-'.nee Al;irivli;uu came, a;id 1> ;; t!iv >oji-<, ni'.rh ln.ps'd in .-,h;i]ie.!e-s indolence, .-uid wild mii-i'jh.', Jiegain their pristine cLr'n. nor iil go by The i)alm t(j Scien< avd th .tiiii m i\'v. Him now with j;;ini>, olj-riju;. I.imi-ul Him oft lu gratt'fii! i-uin-it- r'iO!:! And be hi- f:ma' a^ l.i-tiiig :.- tii\ o'.mi Vi>L.ll. B .-'. "P:o 370 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [^l^l. " Proposals for printing Mr. Morant's History of Essex," folio. " Truth in Rhyme," a poem, by David Mal- let *, Esq. 4to. * The following account of Mr. IMallet is nearly the same as it stoo.. in the former edition, in which it was cliiefly collected from Dr. Johnson's Life of him. " He was by original one of the Macgregoi-s, a clan that became about sixty years ajro, imder the conduct of Jvobin Roy, so formidable and so infan)Ou.s for violence and robbery, that the name was annulled by a legal abolition ; and when they were all to denominate them- selves anew, the father, 1 suppose, of this Author, called him- self ilfaZ/oc//. David Malloch was, by the penuiy of his parents^ compelled to be Janitor of the high school at Edinburgh ; a mean office, of which he did not afterwards delight to hear. But he surmounted the disadvantages of his birth and fortune; for when the Duke of Mont cose applied to the College of Edinburgh for a tutor to educate his sons, Malloch was recommended ; and with his pupils made afterwards the tour of Euro}>e : nor is he known to ha^e dishonoured his credentials. Having cleai-ed his tongue from his native pronunciation so as to be no longer dis- tinguished as a Scot, he seemed inclined to disencumber himself from all adhercnces to his original, and took upon him to change his name from Scotcn Mallocli f to English Mallet, without any imaginable reason of preference which the eye or ear can dis- cover. What other proofs he gave of disrespect to his native country, I know not ; but it was remarked of him, that he was the only Scot whom Scotchmen did not commend." On which Mr. Steevens remarks, that "he was the only Scotchman he evei- knew unregretted. by his coimtrymen." The news of his deaili wai followed \)V no ericomiunis on liis v\ ritings or his virtues. April 6', 1734, he obtained tiie degree of iM. A. at St. Mary Hall, Oxford, " In 17-10, when the Prince of Wales had a separate court, he made Mallet his under-secretary ; and when it was found that Pojie had clandestinely printed an unauthorised edition of the 'FatiiotKing,' Bolingbrokc employed M;d'ct (17-lD) as the executioner of his vengeance. Mallet wanted either virtue, or spirit, to refuse the office; and was rewarded, not long after, with the legacy of Lord Bolingbroke's Works, which were published a\ ith success very inadequate lo ovu' Editor's expectation. In consequence of a thousand pounds left by the Dutchess of Marlborough, he undertook to write the Life of the Duke her husband. From the late Duke he had likewise a pension to promote liia industry. He talked much of the progress he had made in tiiis work ; but left not, when he died, the smallest vestige of any historical la- bour behind him. In tlie political disputes wlvieh commenced at the beginning of the present reign, Mr. Mallet took part with his countryman Lord J3ute ; to serve whom, he wrote hi* tragedy of ' Elvira,' and was rewarded with the ofHce of Keeper f Prefixed to the sccoml Edition (in ontavo) of Thomson's " Winter** is a copy of verses by hiin, signed Duiid MulLocI . of 17^1 ] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. ^jl "^ Concio ad Clerum in Synodo Provinciali Can- tuariensis Provinciae^ habita ad D. Pauli Ecclesiam, oF the book of e'ltries for ships in the Port of London, to which lie was, appointed in the year IJGS. He enjoyed also a <:on^ider- al)le pen.-ion, M'Jiieh 'nad been bestowed on him for his sdcuef-s in tinning- tl'.e public ven?i,eance upon ''>>iig"j by n;eans of a letter of accusation under the character of ' A Plain Man.' Towards the latter end of his life, he went with his ife to France; but after a whiJe, finding his health declining-, he returned alone to England, and duxl in April 1765. He was tv.'ice manied, and by his first wife had severdl children. One of his daughters has distinguished herself as a dramatic uriter. His second wife was the ilaugliter of a nobleman's steward, v "i o had a considerable fortuii;', widen she took care vo retain r lier own hands. Mr, Mallet's stature wa-^ dinii,utive, but I (- \v;is regularly formed. His a))j)earance, till Ise gr vv eoi'pnlent, vvas agreeable, and he suffered it to want no r j.rmniendatiori that dress eou'd give it. His conversal'on was el v'aJi" an- easy. The rest of I'lis chanc- ter may, withoL;*; injury -') his n mory, sink into silc^iee. As a writer," adds Dr. . '"an -on, p-vi-'.-.s ali'^vw- too cont nptuour !y, " he eannofbe piace.i va -t^^v h-gii ci.- -. '''htre is no .>i>e.cif^^ of co-ujosition in which he - as e^'i n.-" :i?s dra ms liad tleir day, a short dav, and are for. rotten, .'lis litc of Hacoa i- kno^^n, as i, is appended to Bacon's vo^jme? . bs.* > no ionn' r ue.-.tioned." Tiie titles of his P'ays ar' f>nr'nevat;'d i*. " " " ':'' ;.^p''a Da- matica," ^ol. H. n. 2:)t>, c.i ''. ' rist curi- ous .'.erornt we iiavp of J. I.' . .-, , ; ..> ;hr ih" ye-.c- ''0-i and 1/94, vol. XXIII. 3:58. 112. XXIV. 22. 87- 17-^ 2:)r.;Ml. XXV. C. 9[). One specimen of his Episto'arv Corr -pojul 'ice bludl i^'re be given. It is ad gout, b,;t am now mueh b<- "er. i hjcve SL-en ' our Trans- laiion of .)uv;nil, and lik',' it: m, ;a:^ b.'-en sjjoken .^ ;I! .' by mfit. P. vis;- ij good .sauce to a dk'.vr; and ''. iien a l';)"i iia-> liir.'d heaniiy, he can rcfl; et uii!i j)ir';>.sui'e on his i i-iui;' f 'lue. 1 am told y.f.i ha\i' i'liis s;i!isf ic'ioa cftcn ;i' Lord Siia.'uu.! > t:r)lc'. I has'" Mcn a icilcr from hitn, in \\i:i(;h he speuL-^ of y(ju in a maimer tiiat dov-, you gn-a* luipouv, a:'u .vivc- in; 'Vo! olei'sure. I have had tlu'fc k'ttt'is lVo:n vru, wiii'h (icuKiid ;n\ ihaidon the late Duke of Dorset for a provision. His Grace was ajipointed lord-lieutenant of Ire- land : Monsieur was ordered to follow in his train. \'ariou-> methods of settling liim were prijpo^ed : all were clogged with ihsu{;erable objections, and unsurmour.table difliculties. At last the ( huich was thought of; anil, thougli he knew nothing of Greek, v. ;is a . * mger to Latin, couUl not read English, and cpoke ver\ b;ul [.u;jn{ii, h(' was thrust into ordeis by some obse- quious pandae to ikis Grace's will, and, 1 am j;s-uretl, wns in- ducted into a veiy proniabiit ii\ing. I am, with gr'al trutli and affe'Ction, dear Sir, Your mo-^t f'aitlii'u! servant, i). Mai. j. ex." ' Of wiuaa, see \(d. V. ]>. lot, f By Peter Daval, escp of tiie Middle Tem[;!e, a barrister at law, afterwards master in Ciiar.cery, and at the tijne of his death, January 8, 17b"3, acconijitant general of that court. He, at an earlv period of life^ translated the Memoirs of Cardinal De lletz, which were printed in ]<2ino, I'/'^.J, with a hat he thought he thought rightly ; and hiM rcnrarks were reconuneniled by his coolne.-,s and candour, hi him Pope had the lust exj)erience of a critick without male\()- lence, \\ ho thought it as much his duty to display beauties, as r'xpose faults ; who censiu'cd with respect, and praise far iV(m t;)king it ann-.s, that it was til!' oiigin of a la-tin'?; fiicnd^iiip belwixt them. 1 ha\(; -ecu," 5-a\.-i i)r. WarUn, " a c(;p\ of thi'i work, with nnr^'inal oi)-( rva.ti'n;~, uritloi i;: i'ope'-^ own hand, and genei-alK aeknow - ledgiii^' the jn^tne^^ ; f Snence's (jb-^crvavions, and in a few Id- s', mec- plcuhng, humorously enough, that s(;me favourite line^ might !;i' -jjarcd." .Mr. SjH'uee was (leeted Profesitior of 'Poetrv, Jiiiy 1 1 , ] ; i.'-i, -uccc. .iing i\i^ ile\ . Tliomiis W arton, 15. D. iatlu'r of Di. Jo-('j)ii \\:ali)n a;'.d .Mr. Th!)nia> \\';i!ton, av.thor of " The ili-Iory :if Kngli-li I'o.tiy," and puctiy prof-^or: eiicJi of whieli t'.u'cc pioir-'Oi'S were twice el. clcd to lli<.;ii' ollice, ;ur,I iu-ld it foi' t''ii '.ear,-, a jMTioti a-, lung a: ill'.' statute- v>;H allow. Mr. Snc'nc(\ in i'.U), vsroie an a'-count ('f ."ii'iilu'ii s^ucl;, x-.Jiicli \va- iir-.! publiilied as a pauij.'ldei, ;:!'.(! -aid to h" wiittrn bv " Josrjiit > ;i fal.^r f')ii(lii-ion, a- ii(j \\;i^ ordaiiiCn in \'t'l\ : a;.;i l'I'i thi^ p;viniihic-l in ihr hand- of iii> frifUil Mr. I>o^\lll fai'ler\s:.i(i- ili-h,)]) of l/jii- diMi. \\\](), \\ith that (i!;il:'ii'.(.;' coi;:!' -em-iiu: litv '\\li:i'li hi- Lord, ship u;i^ eniiiK-nlK di 1 iiixUi-h>'(i, hon^'iircd i\v wii'.i nan h u,-r fid iid'oi i^iiiion (in llif ..:ilii";;l o!' i.lli- iiDt.i, to i)i- ]).;\>'.Wnvi[ a^ -n;i.i) 574 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l/Sl. confidential friend of liie publisher ; Lord Whit- worth (who had been employed on a niost im- soon as he left England, with a Grub-street title, which he had drawn Uj merely for iisguihe, not choosing to ha\c it thought that he pubheo.ed it lu.nself. It was afterwards much altered, aurl prefixed to Duck'h Foenis; and may be seen in dent. i\iag. for 1736, vol. VI. p. 317. He travelled with Cliarlcs Earl of iVlKlJle.sex, who was afterwards the second Duke of Dorset, as well Rs with lierin, , who was then Eail of Lincob.i, andaf.crv^ards Duke of iSewcast'e, into Italy i where his attention to his n( ble Pupils did him Cne highest honour. [The mortiticatioa which Dr. Guddnrd, afterwards Master of Clare Had, his Grace's Cam- bridge tutor, felt by this appointment^ probably occasioned the extraordinary Ded.ication to the Duke,, prefixed to his " Sermons" l/Sl, 8vo.] In 1736, at Mr. Pope's desire, Mr. Spence repub- lished " Go]'.iOi.iue, ' . with a pj-ciace, containing an account of the autht \liti Earl of Dorset; and in a malignant E|(ibtle from Curll to Ivii . i-c^j3, 1737, ^pence is introduced as an early patron of the late ingenious Mr. Dodsley : '' "lis kind indeed a Liverii iMtisei to aid. Who >cnbbles Farces 10 ;iv.g-.nenl his trade : Whci You and Spruce and Gio^^er dti'.e the nail, Tlie ! evils in it if the plot .-;'culd fa; ." Mr. S])ence never took a D. j or's degree: but quitted hi? fel- lowship in 1743, on being yresenfcd by the society of Xeu Coiir^'e to the ivf.oiy t ' Great jionvood in Buokinghaivsh.'re. As he ne'.er rcb-tled u, ca bia living, but in a pl-'asani hiu.-e and g irdens lent to !'.].'. ]v i>]a noble j>upU at Byficei. in Surrey (the n>ctory of whici! _ : I be huA obtained f6r id- t'rieau Steph'^ii Duck), he though: it his di^ v '.o ii;ake rin arctual vi.'^it to Horwood, gave away ii'uny siu > of money to Uie .-Hstressed poor, and placed out Lifctny of thir children as apprentices. In June 1742, he succec.-ed Dr. li(jlmcs as Regius Professor of jModern His- tory at Oxford; and in 17-i7 P'ublishcd " Polynietis, of an En- quiry concerning the Agree ment between the AVoi'ks of the i!o-- man Poets and the Remains of the antient Arti.-ls, being an Aitempt to i!u:slra;e them mutually from e;'ch other." Of this v/ork of ackn(/vvledged taste ;ind learning, Mr. (iray has beeji thought to speak too conten;ptuously in liis i^ctters. Hi,- eitief objection is, that the author has illu^a rated his subject from the Konian, and not from the Gret^k Poets; that is, tiiat he has not performed what he nevej- undertook, nay, wliut lie exjiressly did not undervake. A third edition aj)peared in folio in 1774-5 and an Abridgment of it has b.'tni frecp.iently printed in octavo, " In regard to Spcnce's Polymetis, I can only sia, that it was thougiit the name of the Autlujr nouid have .supported it. jhit ;t has ^unk by its tnvj; weight ; and, I will venture to add, will + Mr. Roljcrt Dodslfy, who liad iicen sc-rvaut to Mi.ss Lowtlur, puli- liihed l;y suu.icription .'. fhin ociavo voiuoie of Pceip.s wii'.ttn by hini^clfj intitult d, " Tht Muie ia Livery," ncvci. 1761-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 3/5 portant embassy to Russia, which his Lordship there describes), Edmund Burke, esq. oa whose never rise again. That and Jortin's Erasmus were two books that (I know not how) will be lost to posterity, though the writers themselves had much merit." MS Letter from the Rev. E. Clarke. I have seen a pamphlet (withS;jcnce's name to it in MS. as the author) called " Plain Matter of Fact, or, a short Review of the Reigns of our Popish Piinces since the Reformation ; in order to shew what we are to expect if another shouh' happen to reign over us. Part I. 1748," l^mo. He was in?tallcd prebendaiy of the seventh stall at Durham, May 24, 1754; and published in that year " An Account of ihc Life, Character, and Poems, of Mi-. JBlacklock, Student of Philosophy at Edinburgh," 8vo ; which was afterwards prefixed to his Poems (see Gent. Mag. 1754, vol. XXIV. p. 500). The prose pieces which he printed in " The Museimi" he collected and published, with some others, in a pamphlet called "Moralities, by Sir Harry Beaumont, 1753." Under that name he published " Crito, or a Dialogue on Beauty," and " A particidar Account of the Emperor of China's Gardens near Pekin, in a Lettei- from F. Atiiret, a iTench Missionary now employed by tliat Emperor to paint the Apartments in those Gardens, to his Friend at Paris;" botli in Svo, 1752; and both re-piinted in Dodsley's " Fugiti\e Pieces." He wrote "An Epi.->tle' from a Swiss Cfhcer to his Friend at P.o!ne," fijst prinied in " The Musetmi ;" and since in the thii-d volume of DfMlsIey's Collection. Tiie several copies jjublished under his name in the Oxford Verges are preserved in the " Select Collec- tion, 1/81," In 1757 'Ml". Spence commimicated to the Royal Society an Account of some Antiquities discovered at Hcicula- neum. {Phil. Trans. \ol. XLVIII. p.4S(>.) In 175S he published "A Parallel, in 'he Manner of i^lurarch, between a most cele- brated Man of Florence (?d;i^i!ai)C'(jchi), and one scarce ever heard of in Enghusd (Ro^,ert Hill, the Hebrew lay lor)." 12mo. In the saii:e \ear Mr. Sjifirjc uerom))uiiied his friend Dodsley on a long t(}ur ; and, on their road, paid a . isit to the Leasowes ; where they were thus noticcfl by Mi'. Shtn tone, in a letter to Mr Graves. " Jiilij '2S. i\lr. Dodsley and >li. Sj)cnce have been here, and staid a week with me. 'l"he former was in certain hones of sf'i'in^ >ou in to'vsi; bi;t I do not find tluit he either saw or heard from \ou, whi( h adda fo >nv anxiety. I Irive seen few whom 1 liked bo much, upon ho Hi tie acquaintance, as Mr. Spence; extremely .olite, friendly, cheerful, and niasler of an inK,.ite fund of hul;;eet.-, for tigieeable conveiv.ition. Hud my alfair.-) permiued me. tiiey had e. rtainlv drawn me with them into Scoilaii'i ; whither iiiev aie gon<', for about a month, up(n a ionrney oi" euriositv ' \gain, " Sor. 15. Did 1 Ibigrt to make \our ex.e;:-.s io l>o(l-ley or no.' lie was lu ic f.is i reineuilx-r) .soon al'ier, \M;h Mr. ^])ence, in their \\:i\ to S{)tland Mr. S}K.nee, th.' \(ry man ijoii wmdd like, and who would like 7/0;/, of all luunkiud. He wuk ii'V Elegico iu'.o Scotland., and !-eiit them 376* LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iT^'l literary talents it would he superfluous here to en- large, and whose inasrerl\^ tract in the Collection thorn back on his return, witli :i sheet or two of eritiei^nis, and an hanibome letter. How mucli :un I interesteil in the pre.-er^ vation of his friemlsliip i anil yet, sueh is niy destbn/ (for I cAn gi\c it no other name), I have nesei" wrote to hiu) (iurc. Tiiis imparimlitij of my neglect, yon must aecej)t ijotirsi-lf-ds smnr. apology; but to proceed ; Mr. Spov-C choac hiniiself an oak 1^'rc for a seat, which I have in.-^crjbcd to him : " EXIMIO. XOSTKO. CRITOM. CVI. blC.\KI.f VEM.KT. iMVSAKVM. OMNIVM. KT. GH.M'I.MIVM. CUOUVa. UICAT. AMICITIA." Mr. Sponce's jcurney to Scotland is well described in an affec- tionate e))i,st!e to Mr. Slienstone, in a collection of -evei'al letters published by Mr. Hull, in IT/^, vol. 1. ]).'23S. In IJC'-i he com- municated toDr.'SVarton several eN.c-?!!ent remark.'^ on Virg'il, which he luul made when he was ai)ro;'d, and some few of Mr. Pope's. in Gent. !\iag-. 177'^, vol.XLII. p. 170", is an eiii;i'a\ ing of an an- tient mai-bic at C'landon in Surrey, with an explanation by tlie late Mr. Spence. West Fineh;ile Priory (the scene of the holy Go- dric's miracles and au?teritics, who, from an itinerant ir.orchant, turned hermit, and wore out tlu'ce suits of iron clothes) was now become Mr. Spence'.'; retreat, being part of his pvebendal estate. In 17()1 he .was web )ourtra\e(l by Mr. James liidley, in his admirable *' Tales of the Genii," under the name of ' Phesoi Ecneps (his name read backwards) Dervise of the (iru\es;" and a panegyrical letter fi'om him to that ingeni4 he ])a;d ih.e last kind oflicc to the re- mains of his friend Mr. i)od>ley, who died on a vi,-it to him at Durham. He closed his iittrary labours with "Remarks and Dissertations on Virgil ; willi some other chtssical ()bser\ations ; bv the late Mr. Holdsworth ; published, with se\eral Notes and ad;hti()P.al llemarks, by Mr. S;)encc," 4to. 'J'iiis volume, of >.vhlch ti;e greater part was ))rinted off in 1707, ^va.-^ ))ubli-hed in Febru;irv 17()H ; and on the '2()th of Augu-t following, Mr. Siicnee \^cis imfortunatelv drowned, in a canal in his garden at lJ\!leet. Beuig, v\hen the Jiccident hapj)ened, quite ah)ne, it couUl onlv be conjcctmed in what manner it ha]>])ened j but it was generally supposed to have b^en Qcea'ioned bx a fit, wl'.ilc he W'as strmtUng near the brink of the w;iter. He was found flat upon his face, at t!ie elgf, where the. water was too .-hallow to cover liis head, or any part of hi-, body. The lat*^ D'.ike it at B\1leet, in the year 1754."' From these MS Collections, by permission of the noble Owner, Dr. Johnson made several extracts in his *' Lives of the Engli-h Poets." " ^pence's x\necdoios," which are fiTTiuently qu(jtL-.l and referred to in J()hns(ni"& ' I^ive-; of tlu^ Poets," are in a !i!anuseript collection. m:ide by the Rev. Mr. Joseph Sper.ce, containiisi;' a nuniijer of particidnrs conce' ning,' eminent men. To each anecdote is inarked the njiine of the j)er.>on on wh';*e an'horitv it is mentioned. This valualile Collection is the )"0})ei-ty uf the Duke of Newcastle: who, iij^on the application of .>ir Lncas Pepys, was jjleascd to permit it to be j)iH into the hands of Dr. Johnson; who, I am smry to think, made bnt an awkward return. "Great assiitanee," says he, " li;is h'x-n given me by iNIr. Spence's Collection, of v>hici! 1 con-i;ler tho communi- cution as a favour worthy of public acknow ledgnient ;" but he has not owned to whom he was obliged; so that the acknow le(iii;mcm. i^ un;'.|)propriated to his Grace."' liosvcU, Life of JdIiuso}!. ' Mr. Spenccs character," says a friend who had seen the ju'eceding observations, "is projierly delineated ; and his Polv- metis is justly \ indicated from the petty criticism- of th.e fas- tidious Cray. In Dr. Johnson's masterly PreCaee to Drvden, he obserMs, that 'we do not ahvavs know our oivn nioti\e:-,' Shall Ave tlien presume to attribute the frigid mrntion of the trulv lennvd and insrenious .Mr. Sjjcuce, in li'.e Preface to Po];e, to a jireiudice conceived against him on account of hi- pr( i'( rcnce (;f bi;u;k-\u-c to rhyme in i)is K^-av on Mr. Pojjc's (/(!y.--.rv; a vi>r'' , V. liich loi' sound critici-m and candid (li-([i!i.;iti(!n is alriio-t V, ith(>ut a jiarallel r The judicious Dr. V/artoii'.- seniiincnts with rc-p-;; lo it mav Ijc seen in his ailniirable l]-;-a on [\i|)r ; and JJi.-lK)p l-()wt!i, whose learning and genius ure indir-puiiM'', e\- prf.'se- Inni-eif in tlie foiinwing in;'nner, in a note on iii- Iwelftit Piii'Udioji on Ilebi'cw Poeti'v : ' (bee ;',n!('ni vide acurate el siicnti-r ixuiicata a viro doeti inio J')-ejil;() 'ipriK t- in ()p;re ciuditojuxta atque eleganti cni lilulu- Poivnuti-." ^' Till- K( v. John (dubbe, rccToi- of \\ !..i' lu'ld, and \icar of D;tiiiihani. in Suiibii^, was .-mi ot'iiie Kiv. (i:';ri';e t Inbbr, "M.A, of (.atii:u-ine I I.dl, Cainl)! i(!L;-e. likcwi-c r^'C-nr (A \\ Ir.u field. IK- \\a- ;'(lin!lte). These tracts, with some others, were collected together, and published at Ipswich, 2 vols. I'Zmo. 1771. The author died Mai'ch 2, 1773, aged 70. His ea.sy tern; er and liveliness held to the last; for, in the e\ening before his death, hi:^ physician and intimate friend. Dr. Frost of Hauleigh, feeling his pulse with much gra- vity, and observuiJ- that it beat nun'c even tban upon his last visit; " My dear fneiui," s;-.id he, " if \ou do not ulready know, or have not a teclue' al e-\ er's having been foj'med of the \cvy trees and shrubs his preedcessor had planted : "JoHANXi Clubbe, sale et facetiis ante omnes primo, cui olini ha; pinus, et ipsa luec arbu.^ta, apprimfe fvivrunt in deliciis, sedeiii banc dicat J. P. MDGCXCVn." The following epitaph is also placed against the North wall of the chancel of VVhatii<'id church, within the communion-rails : " V ithin this chancel are interred the bodies of (lEOKGK Clubbe, clerk, foraierly Rector of this Parisli ; oi:' Catharine his wife; and of theii' chiklren, Geoige, Maiy, Ca'.harine, and John. The lattei- was for maiiy years the Rector of W hatlield, where 1761.] THE EIGHTEENTH Cr.NTUUY. 379 p. 2.94)5 Dr. Lancaster*: Dr. JohnHHl, Knight of the Polar Star^ the celebrated Froteus m Liteiature and where he ii\e(l ieiitctrd and hclovcd by all ^ iij ..nevv him He died 2d March 17/3, aged 70 years; and is buried hciC;, with JSasannaii his vvife, IMary and Cc.ti;arino their children. To the niouiory of the bc;i <>!:" Parents Li:'-.l tlicir FainiH.^s, their E;^-tit survi\ing Cinldrcn have inscribed tiiis stone, 1:70V' The inscription in Vv'liatfield ( burch was drawn np by his son Wi iiai . -, 'Ui ':, .iyreeabiy to his tHLher's ^vishes, ao ex^'i /rscU to hill coutiuns c.d' a plidn memorial of his ance^t()rs, anci those of lis own family buried there. Mr. Clubb has adJicd, inscribed to ins memory by a:s " lui^hl surviving tliildrcn, ' lieca ise he knew his lathe, would have id.ed it. Tii. Som'^.'et, La iy La .oroug'h, tS.e." i;6'8, says, "'ihe J'.i^say Oil j^eiieacy Mas liie producllori of Dj'. j>>athanael Laneastei, many year- reetta- of Stanfoni : i\er-, near O/igar, in iv-.-cK, uneli io ihe Eclitor of the--e i^etit-rs. lie was a man of hi n ill-- natural par.s, great erudiUDU, reHued taste, and nia ter of a ncrnus, and at the "-ame tini'- e'ic'giuit style, as is vei", oi :'i(.u.- to every one who has i.ad the h;!| pir.e-s to .read the E-:n !ie!c -: ifis: ;i ''f. !'i- ^\ritii^-^ ,e!e Ww.-i in mi i;>er tiian th< :; r-'ii- ( "- ,'( I'.i"-' .^;'!. au' ' to ,,\oii!i-e to hi,^ fii.iu'-., and hii p.i /liatitin- .' -^ kiiov-n llia:: theii' irit;i::-ie exceiiencc ;i :- i'.'nl. \\: i>e l)e--/i -.iz, holiritnus as !;e v>:^ ; ayable to instiiiet imd ])!,- 'li' world, i'e- ].:()'^',,'->^r";i ;- \vou!(' ii:;v;.' sur|;Hss;' i him j bu; ill i'ii i'M'C)' ';!! he \\\'.<\ :: . o( i i-c, -v A \\hu''\c)- he com- ])()--d :'.i ..:- l-.nu- i relii'ed :'. ,rc h.- ,' . iilia{)i)';iy ,'or tiie ',.;ib- lif'..) !).'!(!(' .0 ;, I !; ,i'',C(i. \.!i.v'li wa- ri!i::':>n-'y (\ !'ad alc.Mst saiii 1 )< i!|j.i.<\;~'y ) )/ ."oi'iii 'd. li-v-i 1. .vaivr o!" ( ik 'ir.vv; and, ill :i[^ e;i. liv,- \ea! -, unucr il;' p;,1i'. .;_. j;;J. iVii : i-hip of the l,!i' r.:n\ of r;v;'iM\'in('.> L V, ,!';'." i in ai ih'- wxr..- cMilcod s(\'nes of (/:i.^li('d lif , N'.iie!'- ;ii-' ''\ ', j'iill, ;'.::d hfil,.:in. conx'r'^a- tiori, !"avii'ic.': \\r\\ :!!,'\(;- a/', di- i i:!i' i;i-iic-;! u:'A t < .[<..[: and (;\, 1 ,]' . wit'-.i;' ,. i(",\ iiicii'.iiS (>t 1:, dci ,;'_-:; (1: ir j '> \";'.u's of a^ i.i;-e IucimUi s ...itld ^eair'-l'- -'.id lol'e iiii!;;iirc '. 'jl-.c K--.i\ Oil Dclicrav (of '.vaicii we iv t's-v .'-;)' 'kiM'.;-), l';c only matciTil WO]-;-, oi" ills wli'eh ih'" i'.diioi* l\r()w^ ,tii'- i" ii!!i'.; in I !i'/ \,;ti' 17-1.'-':. aMii lia^ l);-cn \ ci'x jjidi- cioi: . I ,;,, . ;)jiou-l_v j ii-cj wd lv li;-' I;tie ! r. DncK: \ , in hit iutiiiive Pjcecs." iS.otwitJi.'^Landini.: Mr. iiuli's fcUjiposiiion that. 380 LITERARY ANF/DOTKS OF [l7^>l< Medicinr*; nud hy sevrm! oilier el(:'j>;;int writers; 2 vohmics, 8vo. A very (ixcellent and s]->irite(I Translation of (\w " Elegies of Tvrtnpns,'' 8vo. Two new editions of Mr. AVebb's " hiqnir}' into the Beauties of ]-*ainting," Svo. " The En<;lish Verb, a (iranimatical Essay -f- in the Didactive Form: b-y Mr. [James j White ;!:;" Svo. "A Conference between a Mysti(.', a Hutchinso- nian;, a Calvinist, a Metliodist, and a Member of tiie that his uncle wrote nothina,- hut tlic " E^.say," a Sermon of hi,;, under the title of " Public Virtue, or the Love of our Coinitry," was in'intcd in 17-i6", 4to. He wa.^ al-iir cf beinp; made a Knight of tiie Polar Star b\ tlie King of Swciien. \ Tiris Essay, as was well remarked by the [Montldy Reviewer^, is " a sti iking proof that a man may be lui excellent grammai'ian, without attaining to excellence of :-ly!e." Mr. Wlnte had befjic incurred the censiu'e of the same respect able Criiic.-, for " The Clouds, a Comodv, written Ly .Ari-^topiumes, the wittiest man of hi^ aav, again-t Sociates, who was tjic wisest and best; now hr.-,t tr;x!i>'atcd into Jhigli:>ii, with tlie principal Scliolia, arid Notes critical and explanatoiy , IJ^j'.K" l'2mo. " We are sony," say the acute Remark '^r-;, " to -ee .10 much learning and laliour ernp'oye;! tcj s;; .^o useless a j-nrpose, ;t^ the revival of thl- \\orth- less Comedy. Many a piece with iifvy times its merit has been hi.-^sed on th-: Englisli theatre, and peruaps not altogoUier unde- servediv neither. We would ti-.ercfore huiiihly recouuncnd to 3lr. White (thl' Translator) to employ his tinie and his talents on moi-e woniiv ^ubieets for the future."' See Jpjnthly Review, vol. XX. }). 4(72 ; vol. XXV. p. 470". + A sclujol-nraster in Cecil-street in th'> S.trand. He after- ward.-5 renioved 10 Dublin, where he pu!:>ue(i tlie honourable and useful ta^k of insliucting youth, for many yi.-ars, with con.-5ider- alde reputation. Church 1761.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 38 1 Church of EngiaiuJ, and others; wherein the Tenets of each are freely exaininecl and discussed," by Dr. Dodd*^, Svo. ^ This unforduratc Div?l^c, tUlost son of the Rev. William Do'id, niruiv jt-ar:? vic;>,r of IJouine in Lincolnshire, was bon^ i\I;iy 'iCi, 17'Z.9. lie \v;is sear, ;it the age of sixteen, to the uni- ver.-ity of ('ain!iT:'j_i.',e, rind luhuitted, in the year 1745, a sizar of ( lare'Hall. In 17-it)-50 he lijok the degree of 13. A. uith great lionoiu-, lieing iqxjn tl\at occasion in the list of Wranglers- I^'Hxing the iiiii*er.-;il\ , he marricdi imprndently in 1751 j was ordained a d( aeon in tli-- sanii; year, prie-t in 1753, and soon beciuiie a celebrated arid powular i)rr;ic}\er. His first preferment v.a-' the leetiin.ship of \Vi -t Hani. In 1754 he was also chosen leetniev of ^^t. 01a\e"s, Ilart-^treet ; and in 1757 took the degree of .M. A. at (a. abridge. On the foundation of the Magdalea *[(>>pital, in 1758, he v. a- a strenuous supp;>rler of that charity, and soon after Ix: ..me e, pieacher at llie chafad of it. By the patronage ni' J5i.-h()|) Sipiirc he in 17(^>2 obtained a prebend of Brecon 3 and, i)y the ialere>t of some City friends, procured him- self to be appointed oiie ov" t!;e ljj!g'~ chaplains; soon after wliieii lie liad the efUicaiion of the jiiv^ent Earl of C'hesterlicld oannitted to liis care, in \7(i(> iie took the degree of LL. D. at Cainbridgt^. At this p-eriod, the estimation in \', Iiich he was held Ijv tlie wTuld wr.s ^uihcient to gi\e him expectations of prcfernii-n!, and li(ip<.> of rich - and honour ; and lliese he might jirobabl'v l:ase aiquiini, h;id Ite i)03se?5.-ed a fninmon portion of j)rud< nee am! tii^creiion. But, imjiatient of iiis ^ltuation. and 'ai;vr for pin I'cnnen!. he raihiy fVil upon means wiiich in the ciu! were tii. (H'c:i-ioM ot iii- ra:!i. On the living of St. George, lLinover-SMu;ire, bvct-'aiin;;' \a(:.in*, he wrote an anonymous hrti!' to Lord Clianec !!or Ap>iev .- !:i:!y, oilerin ; .'^(KK) gr.ineas if 1>\ !u r ;i--:-i:!Uti' he '.vns jironKr;:*! to It. Tiii^ being tniced to liini, conij l.ihit \\a- iuum diateiy made to the KiiU', and Dr. J)(jdd \\a- (Mi d-^dl ^^il]^ (ilM:i"iee irom liis oHi.-e of ch-ipiain. Fl'om 'ihi- i((;;o.l ill ii. 'd iie_le(t. .1, if T)(jt dcspisetl ; ;ijul his t'xtra\a^ance .-:i'i eo!i!'i.iii:::g, he breauie Jnvolvi'd in dith(,ulties, wliich te'....:U(l iiiui \i> ujf^f a l^ond from hi- !alc puj!l tlie j'"arl of ( i;', .-w ::..'l..'. lai). ':, '7;7, loi' VHml. w.hich lie artu.illv re- e. i\ed : I)'.;', 1 eii.g d> leded, ^va^ iricd at tl'.e Old T-iJIca , foinid gui!i\, aij'l rce'.i'.cd .-fnl;-:ire ()f d-alh ; aixi, in -piir oi' many eireiiin-i;inee'- ((" \lv.iua' '.oa, and (->( ry iinpli; ..iinu i'or lU'rev, was execuled., .Tun- -7. 1777- Bat I -hu!' )i(.t (t.wdon a -n!)- ;(! \viru'ii nii'-l pain hii::i:es;;, . I);-, D.idd \\;i; :, \ohiniinou.s wiiier, aiui p !--(-->, 1 eou'-i.i.r:;!/!'' a'. ilili!-, uldih;:!. ju('.;:i:-nt mid mii'ii '.iin.ii. A- a ja'e.>:i,vcai-,i).a'' in which there is a great deal of in^t'gination, productive of >.' aJii.iraide moral. And she was the ;iUthoress of t '. o 'omedies, "The O'scovery" rrd "The Dupe/' -V- 't I ingenious, v riler was the elt;est son of I).;. Gloster Rid- ley, a:.;jister of Popiur, and jinujcndary of Salisbury. He was the author of The Tides of the Genii, 17G4," 2 vols, .'-o; a hji".orGu ,;','-'' called " Tlse Schemer," fir.-A prin'ie.d in " '"hv: i^on-'.on { hvonicie," and since c(.>liected ir.to a v{'iunie; and some o^'her livcrarj perfnnnances. He died at an eaViy age. t Thi^- -Vh- Smith is MtJgarly cailcci Pog Sm'Un, from an idle stOi'N' of his haviiig ^u]; .t'. beggar, and being foUow'd Ijv a dog Vtiiieh pi Lybably 0'igni;.tts from th.t: Liunbitii Pedlar, wbi so j,i(tiU'e, follovvcd by a dog, is in the wiiidow of tiit ciit.:'c!i. (S.fi ih'- ilistoiy of Lambeth, iii the Bibliotheca Topo- gi ;)!)ica Bfitannica, \^> XXXIX. p];i,teHI ) He v.as an akkr- m;-.n of l^cndo";. proLiiLl} a Silver-sniitli. It has been so tho .^ht, as Uv- Vi\ c(\ in S'-i-. er-.'- ie>'t, London, arnoi^'g the working Silver- smiths: but an insc;ij)tion in Great Bookeham church, Smrey, calls him " citi/,;vi ai^d s.dter of London." (Dale's Haruieh, p.9i:). This, liowever, b-y no njcans pi'oxes that he \v;i; a saiter by trade. He died Jan. .'iO, 10'97-8, at his house in Silver-street, Wood- sin et (which now belongs to 'he trust) ; and his funoai ' was woisliipfully solemnized at \^ andsw onh, it b -ing his desire to be tli'M-e buried, because it was the jTiace of his i:.itivity. " (Funcnii Certificate in the Heralds' College). Mr. Snnth vas buried in the chancel at Wandsworth ; and on a brass p' '.te ndaid on hi.s graxe-i- one ia this in-erlption : ' Depoaituiu ilenr. Smith, scnatoris Londiueiisis, Mule 17G1.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. J 8^ Dr. Brown's " Sermon at Bath," Svo. Johnson's " Epigranimatiun Delectus," li>mo. " The Life of the Chevaher 1 aylor," 2 volumes, Igmo. . Mole s\!b lu'ic qutiQri^ quis condiUir, optime lector ? Cujui ? et quaii;; ? qiumtus in oi'be fait ? A uextris muri ? statumn tu cei'uere possis Oranti siiiiikm, raarmore tie Parioj Subter quaui -latuain cei'iiatuv taljnla scuipta Auratis verbis qii;e tibi euncta notant." This refers to a nionumciit wiiich has been erected to his memory on the riixht-hand side o'l tlie coniumnion-table of the same church, with his effiiiies, in an aM- rnian's gown, kneehng at a desk in the attitude of devotion ; under which is a tablet thus in-cribed: " Here lieth the bod;/ of Henry Smith, esq. some time citizen an;l alderman of Lon.lon, who deparred this life the .id day of January, a" Dom. ItH'} , being then neere the age of 79 yeaves ; who while he li\ ed ga'% e unto lliese several townes in Surrey following one thou-'and pounds apeece to buy lan''s for perpetuity for tlie reliefc and settiuij poore people' a-woj-ke in the said townes ; viz. to tjie towne of Croydon, lae thousaml pound.s; 'o the to'.vi^.o of King-^ton, one thiuisand pounds; to the towne of Guildfo/l, one thousand pound.sj to the tovs-ne of /Mark- ing, one tiionsimd ])o^-n(l- ; Xi: '/le t; '/ne of F .rnh lu, one thou- <-and po.inris; And, hv ;.:^ Vi-t will and testa'. i''"!, did farther give and (kvist;, t,) i.i.y lands tW,- -ijorpetuity fv)r tiie reliefe and setting the y)iure a-vvorl-. >, uuu; tiie tovvue (jf iicigate, one th'Hisand poun 'j ; to tlie. towne (;i" Riciinjond, on*- -.jpecialtyfi or deljt of a tliMn;:,n-.l ' o-.-.nf'a ; .,'(}. uoto thi-^ tn^vp'^ o'" VV'and"s- VN'orth, wheic'i) he \vi;s b')r.v'. t!;:- s;ini <'f live iuni-fr;"" ;>ou!ids, for liie = i:a> u-:^ -i- i;'i':K':.' : \n:; ;Ud f-.v hcv v~'n: i:id I: :.aii oii:- th )i'--':r; ];:,j.v!-' 'r. \;\v: \,\:\':- r;;r _. rj. .^litv, lo lei^/'aie poi.ve c:t|;i;-. ,;i.i j-:i-,.';.rs ii-.nw ''<. I >AvL'i.-\i lyratinv: And, Dot li':e >ti'i'. !;-." lii.i <]'''.'; ;i.id boun \, did :'l.^i> yive and befjUi'iiih tl; WA'.-l j)'iTt el' ids r-inie, bciiiu' tv) a gr:'i'.t \.ii ;e, for the port i,i,t-;!>g l.ii.'l.- i.>f ilii.i 'i.p.ce for <. . r, fi: t'.i- ixlir.'. of the ]i');_);-, a.;.i ;'.' "ing i;i:!'i ::-:. /.,.:': :r (;i;(i!U' ^v(,^thv the i;ni- tatii -1 '^fi.. ;..:' v,!u>'.i G.)d h;'- llv^/ed Nviilitiu' .t!;unuanc.,- of ilic go'.d- o;' tl.'- lilv [', f;,!';\v Idiii i ' lert! :i." ' i r \v:^- o;/( c nvuried; l);jt, hi ^ v.ii' ;). i !.: !' a \ :_,ii - Ij-ioi-e iiini witiioiit i-siu CFuiieral C;M'- '.icatr, ill li.j i! !:^'d^' C'oiiege), lie ii:;'d; o\ r ids (-;;>t(% r;.;d and p'M>0!ii'', in ;]:' \<'.j i')'!0, to t' I'.-tcr- , i'ur ciirirli '.!>le jira'poS'i -. r.'-:; \ :)>;.' otii oi'!!: ;.(' r,.- Ii-in of .",<'-/. ;i -.car fv;r iii-5 own niai.^fuai:!-'. !> Iii- li'-c - !', ). ; i-ii";; dai;/ Xpril'/J}, IG'^T, h' i)' ;ii!r;ah.'d IcL''.!.' i. :, M \;i. ;." p. ".-'ins. t ) llic aavinnl of n. .il'lv i(!;j',/.; amour \\l;;i i. \\.i; ''<' >()/. io (lie t oi'iitc-s of Dor-ri, a'id i-'; '. to L;i-'-. !)!:-,;!!. lO'i')/. i')1. io 1;;-, poor '-li:.; ion- : l(l.< ^.'Z t > b;iv inipropriat-on-; I'oJ' godlv j'.re'iciier-. ; I.'.;' to i ,> :'id a iellow-ifip in (.'andirici^e i')V liis oAii kiiili'i.i; I'));)/. Io n;d' -Ml !)oo;- ea;)Uvcs t,:k>-;i by 'Jurkidi pin'.i' r,; .'".ou^. to tlK' ijuri-di of \V r.nd'-.worl.ii , iUiK)'. to Rich- 384 l.n ERARY AXECDOTriS OF [I76';'. '' 'I'he Doctrine of (Jraoe ; oi\ the OiBoe and Operations of the fle.ly Spirit viudioated iVoni the Insults of Infidehty iind the Abuses of Fanati- cism : Conehidin;:;- uit'i si>me Thong-fits (huni])iv ofFered to the Consideration of the Emablisiied Clkrgy) \vitii regard to llie right Method of dc;- tendini;- lleiig'ion a^'ninst tlie Attacks of citlier Party, By Wilhani Lonl Bisliop of (xloucester * :" 2 vols, 12mo. Such a work, from such a Writer, as mis- iey, in vol. V. p. '2'21. -j He drew up on tliis occasion tlse tlu'ee following Letters ; which, ho\vever, he did not send ; but gave directions that they sl'.ould be preserved. And at this d;.-;tance of time, when none of the parties c:\n be affected by their contents, 1 do not think invsclf at libo'iy to suppress tliem. "' The Divine I^^gation" (a work of some consec[U(>ncc in tl\c typographical ai-.nids of Mr. Rowver) ajjjjcars by se\eral of the ^'ery iearned Prelate'.^ Letter."* to have received no snuiU advantage from Mr. Rowver's correc- tions ; and this even in an edition which was of necessity givcu to another press. " To the Right Rev. the Lord RI=liop of Ghiucester. " My Lokd, 17G;5. '^' When 1 understood th;it you had -.qiijolntcd ]\Ir. to print tlie Second Edition of yoiu' Rook on O'n/cc, I was temj)tcd to *.Tv out wiiji yi;ur Lordship, '' In what liglit nuist you stand with uoN*F,-T and caxdio men; if, when 1 had gone through the troui)le of the lirst edition, the second is ord'?red anav to anotlier Printer, even agai)i6L the i-ecoinmendatiini of your liookseller ?" Rut, ;ls tlie honest -ind candid will liule trouble them.silvi'.-, v.ith anv diHeroKx' b(>twi'ci! your I^ord-hip and nic, 1 will a])peal to the judiic within vour own breast ' Pulsa 1762.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 385 thought it necessary to vindicate himself from reflec- tions that might arise on this apparent change in his " Pulsa dignoscere cautus jQuid solidum crepet, et pictae tectoria linguae." " Your Lordship will say, you removed your Book to another Printer, because I had printed the first edition of it very incor- rectly. I answer, my Lord, that you saw eveiy proof-sheet yourself, and ought to share with me at least in the imputation, of incorrectness. You said, inderd, /a first setting out, thai yoit would not he mij Corrector ; but then, my Lord, you should Jiot be yo'ar OAvn. 'When slieots are hurried away to an impatient Author late at night by the post, tlic Printer is precluded from rcviev.ing them with that accuracy he otherwise should bestow upon them. In the canceled Leaves which your Lordship com- plains of, there were no less than six faults in one page, viz, f). 151 ; only one of which, upon the return of the sheet, was corrected by your Lordship, the others being left for me to dis- cover j and when I had done so, I naturally cried, Hoio does this man seek an occasion of quarrel against me! Prophetic I was; fur, instead of receiving thanks from you for my care, I am con- demned for passing over two others, jointly witii your Lordship, in the following terins : " Shew him wiiat an admirable correc- tor he is, and in a re-printed page too. lla h? suffered opposite, against all sense, to go for apposite; and iu th.e note chscjirnm, against all gi'ammar, for oLscurioj-em." Under favour, my Lord, not against sense or gi'aramar ; for I had reduced cbscurem to both, bv making it obscuram, v. luch \'.as as far as a sudden con- jecture, without the cop)', could go. " Theologiam invenit ipsis Pythagoricis numeris et fleraclili noti^ obscuram." As for opposite comparison, I will not (iev":,'nd it; but a reader, not wholly inattentive, might be misled to reilect, that comi-arlsonsi which are odious (and such, my Lord, you aud 1 could irvake) vi'.uit needs be oppjsite too. I would further observe, my Lord, thai; this error might be the more easily pardo.niid, because '^he very same word has unluckily (or luckilij, slialllsay?) escaped your Lordship in a work of your younger y'';u-s, if the \'.orld is right in ascriinng it to you. In p. 1)5, I iind thispaosaic: " But 1 chose this instance of our author's knowledge of nature, not so much for its greatness, as for its opi-ositent-ss to our sub- ject." ('i'itical and Philoso|>hical Enquiry into tlic C;u;-es ot" Prodig-ies and Mirack's. l^ond. 1727- Iu slnrt, nv Lor I, vou have ])r(scribe;i a law to me, by whicli no otli.r Prin?.>r Aviil e\cr be bound, viz. that I siiould sutler for evtiiv error of tlie jjrcsa which you leave uncorrected. 1 am singl; d ou; from the tlock for nuiddingthe stream behi.s', which your l.,o;dhlii]> drinka t)f at the fountain-head. But, \i\\ jjord, vanity or pu'li.dity h'-id^ .7ie to think some oth(T motive, liesidrs inorncliiess, has carried you over to anotivcr Printer. For \vny, of all men, to iMr. , who, in ihe last i)')ok he had prinle 1 for you, vi/. the Second Part of the .nivine Legation;, A.D. 1759., >;o incensed yovu' Lord- VoL. II, (' c sldp; 38^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I762. Patron's sentiments. On this subject, however, it is not necessary to enlarge, as 1 can assert, on the ship, that you declared he never should print for you another sheet ? If solicitation, or the prevailing fashion of the times, have changed your mind, I blame you not. Every one is to follow his Pleasure, or Interest, as his inclination leads him. I only beg that we may be dropped with decency, and that con- tumely may not give an edge to our disgrace. As yoiu- Lordship has been pleased to go from me to Mr. , from Mr. to me, and now to Mr. again, I might hope another successful wind would blow you back again. My Lord, if I cannot, like a courtier, have the credit of resigning my place, I will be still greater^ and hereby promise not to accept it again. And, to keep up the charactei- of an old fallen minister, I will make bold to lay before you what I have suffered, and what I have done^ in yoiu' Lordship's service ; and then we v. ill draw to the table, and balance the obligations, which yovir Lordship has greatly lessened by upbiaiding me \yith them, at a very unbecoming juncture, as v.ill hereafter appear. The liberty I take you will impute to that period of lite to which I am anived, the Grand Climactejic ; which, as it levels all honours, so it mitigates all disgraces. You must not wonder if I take courage the nearer I approach my home ; even that home which is a refuge against all complaints, and whei'e the bramblcd turf over my grave shall preach as effec- tually as the lettered marble over your Lordship's. With tliis con- templation 1 take my leave for the present ; and am, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient humble servant, W. B." [The foregoing letter, it shoidd be observed, was not sent to the Bishop; nor was either of the two following ones.] " My Lord, \76:i. "In laying before your Lordship what I have suffered in your service, I must open one or two secrets, which have never yet reached your ears, and which my heart has been too big to men- tion till I was determined to reap no advantage fiom them. From a foolish sensibility of your Lordship's harsh reproofs (a specimen of which, out of many now lost, may be seen in my last Letter, p. 385), I resolved, many years since, to leave your Lordship to enjoy the Saw of controversy, while I crept from under the Harrow of your displeasure. To that end I hastened one morning to my Friend ancl Patron the late Speaker [Onslow], to acquaint him with my resolution. He was out of town ; but, the Reproaches from your lordship being frequently repeated, a Partnership was thought of I do not impute the several consequences of that Partnership to youj but must beg leave to mention one, with which you have an immediate connexion. Dur'ng that period, your Lordship informed me of your design of putting into my hands the Second Part of The Divine Legation to be re- printed. You wanted new Types for it ; and new Types were bespoken. But differences arising between myself and Partner (in which you shall suppose me wholly to blame), he said he would pay nothing tow arda the expence of them, which led me to 17^2.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 387 authority of another Right Reverend Prelate, " that, notwithstanding any httle altercations which had to put a stop to their being sent in. This I informed your Lord- ship of; and, in as complaisant terms as 1 couid, told you, that though by these means 1 was hindered from prinlmg your Book^ 1 was ready to do for you what lay within my oicn pri\ate powei, by correcting tlie sheets, if you thought proper, to \v hatever press you should connnit them. Accordingly Mr. Millar stut a mes- senger to inform me, that I should dern\r the copy to Mr. ; and that Dr. f-Vurbiirton exjiected I should correct the Proofs. The Copy was delivered ; anil the Proofs \\ere sent to nie in Kirby- street, till one of them by mistake being sent to \V'hite Friars, and falling into the hands of my Partnei', fetched from him the following Letter : "Sir, Mail 12, 1757'. *' For Mr. Bowyer to carry work to another house in order to make me suffer, even though he sultered, aj>pearcd a little odd; but now, by the receipt of the inclc^sed {)roof, which was not, I suppose, to fall into my handsj 1 can partly guess at the meaning, which, in short, is this : You was so kind as to undertake to correct it, that hereafter you may latj up a customer for yourself, though much at nsy ex])encii and, what is still more grating, at the same time refused to read the Greek part of a woik, of which I sujjpose you expect to receive half the profits. 1 need not tell Mr. Bowyer, tliat it is contrary to the Rules of all Partnerships ; but, 1 belie'.e, when it is told, it will make many people stand amazed. J. 1mo:;sox."' " By the express Terms of the Partner-iiip, it was agreed, ' tliat W. I'owycr, in consideration of Ins age and ill healih, should in general be exempted fi'om reading Proofs :' but, it seems, he was not to be indulged to lead an) for iiis own picasuie, when it hap- I)ened U) displciite his Paitner. In .scrying your Loiil-hip, I ex- ceeded the bounds of Partnership; wliicli was r.rged before ray Arbitrators, arul 1 w;;S -entenced by thou aceoidingly. \\ iiat treatment 1 niet \\ith from your Lordshij) lor it, 1 ;jroeeed to thew. In tJic course of the work, the Paitni'jbliip wa;; di^.-oKed ; wiieu Mr. Millar told me I should piint the second vi^hnne under my own eye, and desired I would infc;rni you of iii-. intentions ; and that Mr. was very willine: to resign the copy, if itwcjuld n(,.t be interpreted as a resignation of youi' friendship. Having re- cei\ed no answer from yom- Loidship, though 1 understood Mr. Aliliar hud; 1 began to tiiink I was dujted by the Bookseller or Pi inter, till, some lime after, my Iv-iter of (?ci. 7, 1757 [printed above, ]).'iljij, jjrcxhteed fiom vouj' Lon'sliip tlie reply which is rubjoined to it. I have gi\en tlie whole of both, because they will shew the natuit; (;f many of my well meant offices to your f^ort sheet of canceled Leaves; wiiicli being indopendi Vit .i.io on another, the proof of one of tluim nas sent io his Loi'dship (for such was his title then) withfJUt bi'iiig read, .'ind a new Edition being soon wantid, 1 was ex.elu:ied, and it was put to Mr. to print. Upon whicli, I had {.ncpaicd tlie preceding address to his Lordsliip [whicli, however, was not seiit]." " My Lonn, 1703. " To recount to your Lord-hip the servie(s I liavt' done m-ii, is a very disagreeable task; and 1 think I hear your Loi'dsliip sav, you believe it. To acknowledge I'avours recei\r!, is nr.ir.li more suitefi to a generous miml, liian to recoiuit {\itr.-A- wliicii it lias conferred. Jhit vouv i^(j;fl-hip has obliged me to it. The lirst, second, and thiid \olum4," fvVu} (see p. ^cViy). '2. " A short History of the Israelites," from the French of Abbe Fleury, 1750', 8vo. (p. 2S4). [By the following letter to IMr. Bowser, h.owever, dated Comptnn. near Ashbourne, Dei'bvshire, 17cv. , is explained and vindicated; and the \eces- sity (jf a Divine Revelation, from the manifest Insullieieney of the Ligiit (;f Reason, or Natural Rei'gion, is asserted. \.B. The fair State of the Controversy between !Mr. Woola^on and his Ad- ver.-.u-ics, bv ihe s'une Auilior, being out (jf Piint, the above J'efinee contains ;ul tlrat was in it." 1731, hvo. Of this volume (i\ (l()>e oeia\o volume of f)0;) pa^es ; with a IVeface, in vvhieh an account i.-? given of the hivt ral Antiscripturists referred to in the VVoik ; from wn at ri-e and original they seem to have sprung; what Uookis tUey liavc bucccssivcly published] whit the 594 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [lj62. while under the pay of a bookseller, refused his lord and master, T. Cox, to deliver his copy to any one the design of these Books is, and what tlie character and abilities of their respective Authors) a comjietent judge says, " Our Author has stated the several arguments of the Antiscripturists in a full light, and generally in their own terms ; has answered them with great compass of learning, and clearness of argument ; so that the Book is likely to prove not only a monument of the poison which has been vomited from the press in this profane ;;ge, but a repository likewise of what the ablest men among us have at the same time done to defend our common Christianity from the rude attacks of Infidelity." Bower, Historia LUerarta, xol. III. J). 56.] 7- " Reflections on the Nature and Property of Languages, 1731," 8vo. S " llie Book-binder, Book-printer, and Book-seller confuted ; or, the Author's Vindication of him- self from the Calumnies in a Paper industriously dispersed by one Ediin. Together with some Observations on the History of the Bible, as it is at present published by the said Edlin. By the Rev. Mr. Stackhouse, Curate of Fmchley, 1732," 8vo, [la this rare pamphlet (of which the only copy I have ever seen is iu the Library of Mr. Bindley) Mr. Stackhouse veiy feelingly, but spiritedly, exemplifies in himself the miseries of a poor Clergyman. The brief matter of fact 1=;, that, in May 173'2, Mr. Wilford and Mr Edlin, " when the success of some certain things published weekly set every little Bookseller's wits to work," wished to en- gage Mr. Stackhouse to write sometliing wliich might be pub- lished weekly, but what it was they knew not." By Wilfoi'd he had been before employed to write " A Preface to Sir William Dawes's Works;" but " had taken umbrage at Wilford's palming upon the World a. Set of Prayers, all taken from other Authors. merely to lengthen out Sir ^Villiam's Duties of the Closet, and make the third volume sweih" Edlin " he knew of old, as the merest Marplot that ever took the publication of any Work in hand." This precious pair appointed Stackhouse to meet them at the Castle Tavern in Paternoster Row (Booksellers at that time made all their bargains at a Tavern). Edlin was for reviv- ing his " Roman History;" and, wilh heavy imprecation* on Dr. Bundy, maintained, that, with a little brushing-uj), i. e. in- fusing some life and spirit into Ozell's dull style, the thing would .still do in a weekly manner." Wilford would by no means come into that design. His talk ran chiefly on Devotional Tracts and Family Directors. To compromise the matter, Mr. Stackhouse proposed "A New History of the Bible;" there being nothing of that kind considerable in the English language, and his own studies for some years, whilst writing his " Body of Divinity," having qualified him for such a work Proposals were accord- mgly drawn uj) ; but, a disagreement happening between Wil- ford and Edlin, \^\'ilford gave up the undertaking; and Mr. Stack- house was left, much against his will, iu the power of Edlin ; who 1762.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 395 but the printer he befriended, though Cox urged the necessity of coming out before the season was who " had printed Proposals ; got credit for paper ; brushed up his old battered letter ; picked up a poor Compositor or two ; sent [to Finchley] a few curious books, and began to be very clamorous for copy." Mr. Stackhou^e had engaged to supply three sheets in a week, provided he were allowed to furnish 40 or 50 sheets before any part of it was published. He accordingly set to work, and completed the Introduction. But EJlin was impatient to begin; and "what mercy," says Stackhouse, "he intended to ha\ e of his poor Author, appeared in the very first sheet he sent me to correct, which was very near a whole page above the standard stipulation ; insomuch that, )iad I submitted to this encroachment, I had lost, on the impression of tlie whole Book, between 40 and 50 pounds copy-money.' This imposi- tion led to a quarrel ; which was compromised by Edlin's giving ten copies of the Book, in consideration o!;" the supernumerary lines, "to be pi'esented by Mr. Stackhouse to some IJishops who had thought favourably of some of his other wTitings." After the reconciliation, Edlin sent an instiximent to be signed, bind- ing Stackliouse, his heirs, &c. in a penalty of 50Z. to tcrite well, and finish the " History of the Bible" for him. But this Stack- house resolutely declined. For compiling the Introduction, few books of any consequence had been wanted ; but for the Histoiy itself Mr. Stackhouse required the ablest Commentators upon the w hole, and Reconcilers and Criticks upon different texts of Sci'ip- ture ; but could obtain from his Employer none but Bp. Patrick j Edlin suggesting, " that the chief of his Subscribers lived in Southwark, Wapping, and Ratclitf Highway; that they had no notion of Criticks and Commentators ; that the work would be adapted to their capacity, and therefore the less learning in it the better." When the Introduction was finished (of which two Numbers were published without acquainting the .Author) the breach beciime incurable. Xo copy wa^ ready of the "Histoiy;" and Stackhou.<-e was informed, that, if he did not care to \viite for Edlin, he had found out another tluit would. With some difficulty, twelve guineas were obtained for the twelve sheets of Introduction ; Edlin engaged ajiothei' Author; and Stackliouse, who was happy to escape out of the trammels of a Tyrant, en- gaged t(i pursue liis " History ' under the more auspicious patro- nage of Mr. Batley and Mr. Cox, booksellers of reputation ; and the. work was accordingly completed in two folio volume s ; which afterwards successively passed through numerous and large edi- tions. The main purport of Mr. Stackhou-e's address to .Mr. EdUn is, to shew on whose side the infraction of the Agreement lay. " In my Advertisement," he says, " of Nov. 29, M.'il, I charged yo>i with a ])alpable fraud and imposition upon the Publick, in alfi.xing my name to what I nevei- wrote. I charged youi' author (he he who he will) with an incapacity to execute the work he had 39<5 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [lj62. passed. These heroes knew how to set a value, not only on themselves, but on their friendships too. \ou have twice shewn me what yours is wortli to, Yours, W. B." hod undertaken. The little specimen he had given us I called an tludfye t^odge, because hat should have been the Jiarrative part, what the notes, and what the pj'oper matter for disserta- tions, I found confusedly thrown together, without any method or order. And, that your Subscribe! s mi^ht hold their hands, and ; o longer part with their moiiey for sue h vile trash, I assured- them, that 1 had already made some (nogress in my History of the Bible, would pub.lsii it in a conveoient space of lime, and en- deavour to linibli it in such a uiaimer, us to deserve a general encouragement.'' "There^is os^e charge again.-t me, I must own, that I cannot so easily get clear of j and that is, my being a Curate, very poor, and (;is you woald intimate) mucfi in debt. Farcins ista viris tamen ohjiciui'ui memento. For, of all the Booksellers in London, this is a Charge against me which becomes your mouth the least, Ar.\ of )(jur wealthy Neighbours in the Strand, such an one especially as by long deaUng in Monopoly has worked himself up to the degree of a plumb "^j might boast of his riches with some decency, and be per- mittef' to break jests upon a Country Curate with a better pretext; but f(;r you, who not long ago was one of us, have so lately emerged from the Gulj uf Despond, and, for aught you know, may In spei'aiiy plunged in again, to stand on the brink, laugh- ing and making yourself merty to see how we poor caitifis are forced to paddie and swim for life, is a baibarous pastime, and a sure token of a depraved mind, ignorajit and regardless of the issues of Providence. And therefore con^-ider, my good friend, the uncertai.nty of all Imman afiiurs 3 and be not high-minded, but fear. Lest Fortune slievv jou, in the nick Of all your glories, a dog-trick. 1 am a Curate indeed, as sure as you are )io Bookseller ; but then I iuive a firm pers\ias:on (vvliatever yxmr sentiments may be) that God rules and governs the \Vo' Id ; that he a])j)oints fc\ery man his condition in life 3 and ^vil! raise me to an higher station in the Church, when he shall think ])roper, or I deserve it. In the mean tinic I hold it ujy duty to shine, as well as I c;vn, iu the little spJiera \ move in, and in ir.katsoever state I am therewith to be contented. ' We are all but Actors' (says the wise Epicletus) 'of a certt'in part that is given iis by the Master of the Drama, and not of our own ciioosing. He tiierefore that acts his j)art well (be he but a slave or a beggar) deserves as much the Master's commendation a^ he that acts the Prince.' How I have ac- quitted myself on the stage of life, it might be prudence and mo-'test\ for me to say nothing, had not your insults upon my poverty, and contempt of my low station and office, compelled * An allusion to Jacob Tonsop; see vol. I, p. 2D3. me 1^62.} THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 307 " Odes Descriptive and Allegorical, by the Rev, Richard Shepherd," 4to. me to this foolishness of boasting. For, though I am far froni justifying myself before men, in things for which I am conscioua I stand guilty in the sight of God, yet in the light wherein I am nov/ exposed to tlie censure of mankind, i. e. as a Writer, and as a Curate, I think I can abide the test ; and may adventure to say, that in the former capacity 1 have laboured more abundantly (and perhaps imdcr more disadvantages) than the rest of my contemporaries. I have published more books, upon more dif- ferent subjects, than any. Nor muit I foi-get to thank the Pub" lick for the faveiu'able reception they have given them. And that in the hitler I have always conducted myself in such a man- ner, as to gain the good-will and esteem of the people among whom I have lived, in so nmcli that I have never yet officiated in any place, whether in Amsterdam, Richmond, or Ealing, where I had not an handsome contribution made me, in aug- mentation of my annual stipend. And, upon this occasion, I .should be ungrateful, not to commemorate the kindness and munificence of the gentlemen and other inhabitants of the parish of Finchley, who, not long ago, perceiving some difficul- ties wherein I was involved, did each of them come in with their assistins' hand, so readily, so voluntarily , as even to prevent me tlie trouble of a blush." The new Proposals issued by Mr. Stack- house were these : " My design in the composition of tins Worjt is, to divide the whole into general periods and distinctions of time ; each of these periods to subdivide into sections ; in each section to give my Reader, not only a plain narrative of the matters contained in the Old and New Testament, but to take notice of all contro- verted questions, as they occur ; a))d illustrate, by proper Dis- sertations, Buch passages in Scripture as seem to give umbrage to Infidelity: imder the page, in notes, to explain difficult texts, rectify mis- translations, and reconcile seeming contradictions : at due distances, to she.v the connexion between Sacred and Prophane History ; at the end, to annex exact Chronological Tables ; and all along to intersperse such Cuts and Maps as shall be conducive to the advantage and decoration of the Work : assuring the publick, that whatever skill in writing, or applica- tion to study, 1 ain capable of, and wiiale\ er helps and assistance from the Learned (whether antient or modern) I can ha\e recourse to, shall be ein})]oved in a task, which I now frccily take upon me J and wherein I could not but disagree with Air. Edlin, when I perceived that his sole aim (under the cover of my name) was to palm U})on his Subscribers any hasty comjiosition; and wherein, I hope, I have neither ollended mankind, no:' injuied mine own lionour, in refusing to be a confederate. To nr.ike my Subscri- bers amends however for the interruption, which has almost been unavoidable, the Conditions that 1 oiler arc these: I. That the Book shall be printed in folio, in a very neat and correct man- ner, and on the same character and paper with the Proposals, whereof SgS LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [i'j62. A very few more lines shall be given below, from the Correspondence between Mr. Bowyer and the whereof the first number shall be delivered the first Saturday in February 1732-3. II. That four sheets (stitched in blue paper) shall once every fortnight, on Saturday, be delivered at the Subscribers' houses (or any other place which they shall think fit to appoint) at the price of six-pence. III. That a number of Books \vill be printed on royal paper, for such as are willing to subscribe for tliem, at the rate of one shilling for each Number. IV. That, as 1 tind it necessary to throw the Introduction into a quit*- diffei'ent foini, more congruous to the whole Plan of the Work 5 to prevent persons, who have been Subscribers on my account from being anyway detrimented thereby, I have ordered my Publisher to give each person, who brings in the Old Intro- duction, and subscribes to my Book, the new Preface gratis. The Publick are desired to observe, that four sheets of original composition aie as much as can be afforded for six-pence, and as much as can well be executed, with any care and exactness, in the space of a fortnight. Subscriptions for me are taken in by INIr. IkiUard, at Paul's coffee-house, in St. Paul's chmch-yard; by T. Payne, bot;kseller, at the Crown in Paternoster-row ; and byn)}self, or family, atMr.Gauden's, inKing's-street, Blooju.^bury. 9. At lengtli this capital work appeared, under the title of "A new History of the Bible, from the Beginning of the World, to the Establishment of Christianity, 173*3, &c. &c." 2 vols, folio 3 and, at tlie time, was thus brieHy characterized: "In the new History of the JMble, lately published, written by ?vii'. Thomas Stackliouse, is given a plain and easy narrativcj of the matters contained in the Holy Scriptures, from the begin- ning of the A\'orld, to the full establishment of Christianity : In the notes is digested the serise of the best Commentators, in ord.'r to explain tlie several difiicult texts, rectify the Mis-translations, and leconcile the seeming Contradictions, that any where occur : In the objection^;, all the material exceptions which are made to the fads leeorded in each period of histoiy, are fairly stated and answered ; And in the Dissertations, \vluch attend each chapter, the most remarkable passages are illus- trated, and the Prophsne and Sacred Histojy all along con- nected. The whole is auorued with j)roper Maps and Sculptures j and all matters referred to in Scriptural, Chronological, and AlphabcticalTables." Gent. Mag. 1740, vol. X. p. 2^1. 10. A Sermon on the 30th of January, 173G, 8vo. 11. "A Sermon on the Decalogue, 1743," 8vo. 12. '^\ New and Practical Expo- sition of the Apostles' Creed, 1747," folio. 13. " Vana Doc- trii'ife Emolunienta, 1752,"' 4to. In this Poem, the last thing he published, he deplores his miserable condition, in all the keen exjjressions of despair and bitter disappointment. Of the three following articles, published early in his life, I know not the dates. 14. " An Abridgement of Burnet's History of his own Times/' 8vo. \b. The Art of Short-hand, 4to, VS. "A Sfstem of 1J62.^ THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 399 young Author whose supposed neglect of him had roused his resentment *. of Pi'actical Duties," 8vo. And the two which follow were either posthumous, or rather re-publications (or were they bv a different person of the same f name ?J ly. " Grajcse Grammatices Rudimenta Ordiiie novo ac facillimo digesta : or a new Greek Grammar, wherein the Declensions of Nouns, and Conjugations of Verb?, arc disposed in a new, easy, and distinct Method. By T/iomas Stack house, A.M. 176*^," 8vo. IS. "A general View of antient History, Chronology, and Geography, &c. ; designed to con^ ey to the Mind a clear Idea of the Order and Succession of E\ents, and to lay a proper Foundation for reading antient His- toiy with pkasiu-e and impro\emcnt ; and is particularly calcu- lated for tlie Instruction of Youth. By Thomas Stackhouse, A.M. 1770," 4to. Our laborious Author received a small re- ward for his industry in 1733 when he was presented to the vicarage of Benham Valence, alifis Beenham, Berks ; where he died, and was buried in the parish clnirch, ab appears by a neat tablet, which thus preserves his memory : [At to[), on an open book, is, " THE HISTORY OF THE HOLY BIBLE."] " Juxta reconditum est quod mortale fuit Thomte Stackhouse, A.M.J hujus ecclesiie per annos xix vicarii; qui pro C^hristiana lide strenuus admodum propugnator non sine gloria militavit. Oui plus acire volunt, Scripta sua consulant. Ex hac \ ita, gralA. alterius vice corpore suo solufus, cniigravit Octobris Idibus, A. S. iidcclii. aita'us suaj lxxix." Mr. Stacklunise deserved well of Literature and had a hard fate as to worldly matters, as a \erv small vicarage \vas his only church-preferment. A ])ortiait of him ^vas engraved in 1743, by Vertue, from a ])ainting by J. Woolaston. * 1. " I lra\e made my agircmeat, and signed and sealed with Mr. for 100 guineas, tise half of whicli I have alieady received. I very strongly reconmicnded you as Printer, but could not succeed; but I t,hall try him again oir th;it head, a? i had much f The Rev. Tlioma? Stackhouse, minister of St. Mary Rlairdalen at Brid^iortli in irhiojjshire, coniniunicateil to the Rov.tI Six iety some ex- tracts from aTopographiealAccoinit of Hridf^north. I'hiJ.Tians. vol.XLIV. p. 127. As Stackhouse does not occur A. M. either at Ca!ni>riJj;e or Oxford it mav be conjectured that his rfc^'j-ee was from JAinibitk probably conferred by the Archbishop of ihe time as a reward for his ht\ ices in Sacred Lite- rature, and to <;ive him a httle icltit with hi , I'nl)hsher ami hi-; yeneral Readcis. He docs not even siii;n H. A. to bis Pamphlet a.^ainbt Ediiii. rather 400 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l 7^2. " The Cab at Newmarket^ a Tale *," by James Boswellj Esq. 4to. ; and the earhest of his acknow- ratl^er be concerned with you than any other. Maij 1, 1/62." ^. " It is a mere joke for you to say yovi have not interest to reeommend a Printer of your own work. You should have made it, as 1 told you in your other work, a })revious condition of the contiact. You might have urged, that, for a solitary guinea, you had unhappily sold to me all your futui'e productions ; and that, though it was reward not adequate to them, j'et the least you could do was to insist on my printing them. Give yourself no farther trouble about ine: I shall still keep up my importance in my own mind, in spite of the Bookseller and his Author. May 4." 3. " I sometimes meet with returns from you, that I neither deserve, nor expect. V.'hen an author prints for himself, doubt- less he can choose what printer he pleases ; when he sells (he co]>y, the printer is at the option of the bookseller ; and here he can do no more than recommend Ills friend ; which is as much as you, or any other reasonable man, can desire. Wlien you called on Mr. you doubted wliether I had done tliis, whether 1 had recommended 5 on to him 5 but he assin-ed you, as was really the case, that 1 hail, and that too in tlve strongest manner I was able. I told him., that he cottld not oblige me moi-c than l)y complying with tliat request. I had done so in the case of Mr. before ; but all the thanks I received from 50U ^vere no- thing but suspicions, upbraidings, and reproach. These are the I'eturns that I meet with, after ha^ ing gi\cn the hand-iomest testimony to your merit that lay in my po.vcr. 1 never had any thing, designed for tlic press, which was not oifered first to yourself. May 0." * Under this title Mr. .Bos\Yell very humorous!}' characterized himself, and of v,hich these four lines nvdv serve as a specimen : " Lord Eglintoune, who loves, you know, A little da^h of whim, or so. By chance a curious Citb had got. On Scotins moinitains nev.dy cauglit." To this Nobleman Mr. Bcswell was indebted "for an introducr tion to tile circle of the great, the gay, and the ingenious ;" as he expressed himself,avery few weeks before his death, to tiieA\'riter of the present article. Of the meiit of th(^ Poem not much is to he. said ; but the Preface to it contains rniieh of that sprightly self- confidence for whicli Mr. Boswell's writings were jxeuliarly distin- guished. James Bosvvcl', esq. eldestson of Alexander Boswell, Lord Auehinleek,^one of thejudges in the supreme courts of session and justiciary in Scotland. Ke was born at Edinburgh, Oct. '29, 1*10 ; and received his first rudiments of education in that city. He afterwards studied Civil Law in tiie uni\'ersities of Edinlnirgh and Glasgow. During his residence in these cities, he acquired, by the society of the English gentlemen who \\ ere stiidents in the English colleges, that remarkable predilection f(n- their manners, which neither the force of education, nor the dulcedo of his natale solum. 17^2.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 401 ledged publication; which, hke that of his great exemplar Johnson, was ushered into the world solum, could ever eradicate. But his most intimate acquaint- ance at this period was the Rev. Mr. Temple, a worthy, learned, and pious Divine, whose well-written character of Gray was in- serted in Johnson's Life of that Poet. Mr. Boswell imbibed early the ambition of distinguishing himself by his literary talents, and had the good fortvme to obtain the patronage of the late Lord Somei-ville. This Nobleman treated him with the most flattering kindness ; and Mr. Boswell ever remembered with gra- titufle the friendship he so long enjoyed with this worthy peer. Having always entertained an exalted idea of the felicity of Lon- don, in the year 1760 he visited that capital ; in the manners and amusements of which he found so much that was congenial t his own taste and feelings, that it became ever after his fa- vom-ite residence, whitlier he always returned from his estate in Scotland, and from his various rambles in different parts of Eiu'ope, with increasing eagex'ness and delight ; and we find him, nearly twenty years afterwards, condemning Scotland as too narrow a spliere, and wishing to make his cliief residence in London, which he calls the gi'eat scene of ambition, instruc- tion, and, comjjaratively, making his heaven upon earth. He was, doubtless, conlirmed in this attachment to the Metropolis by the str;)ng predilection entertained towards it by his friend Dr. Johnson, whose sentiments on this subject Mr. Boswell de- tails in various parts of his life of that great man ; and which are corroborated by every one, in pursuit of literary and intel- lectual attainments, who has enjoyed but a taste of the rich feast whicli that city spreads before liim. The politeness, affability, and insinuating urbanity of mannoi's, which distinguished Mr. Bosvvci!, introduced him into the coi.npany of many eminent and lefirntd men, wliose acquaintance and friendship he cultivated with the greatest assiduity. In truth, the esteem and aj)j;)roba- tion of learned nien seems to Lave been one chief object of his literary ambition ; and we find lum so successfid in pursuing his end, that he enumerated some of the greatest men in Scotland amonji' his fiiends even before he left it tor the first time. Not- withstanding Mr. Boswell by his education \\*.is intended fin- the bar, yet he was himself earnestly bent at this period tipon ob- taining a commission in the Guards, and solicited Lord Auchiu- leek's acquiescence ; But returned, however, by his desire, into Scotland, where he received a regular (;our>e of instruction in tl;e Law, and passed his trials as a Civilian at Edinburgh. Still, how- ever, ambitious of displaying himself as one of " the manly hearts who guard the fair," he re-visited London a second time in 176^2; and, various occurrenccM delaying the purchase of a commission^ he was at length persuaded by Loid Aucl\inleck to relinquish his pursuit, and become an advocatf> at tlie Scotch bar. lu compliance, therefore, with his father's wishes, he consented to go to UtiecUt the eiwuing winter, to hear the lectures of an ex- VoL. IL Dn celient 403 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I762. Tinder the auspices of that admirable patron and encour projected travels. Pass- ing from Utrecht into Germany, he pursued his route through Switzerland to Geneva ; whence he crossed the Alps into Italy : having visited on his journey Voltaire at Ferney, and Rousseau in the wilds of Neufchutel. Mr. BosvveU continued some time in Italy, where he met and associated with Lord Mountstuart, to whom he afterwards dedicated his Theses Jnridicce. Having visited the most remarkable cities in Italy, Mr. Boswell sailed to Corsica, tiavelled over eveiy part of that island, and ob- tained the friendship of the illustrious Pasquale de Paoli, in whose palace he resided during his stay at Corsica. He after- wards went to Paris, whence he returned to Scotland in 1766, and soon after became an ad\ocate at the Scotch bar. The cele- brated Douglas cause was at that time a subject of general dis- cussion. Mr. Boswell published the " Essence of the Douglas Cause i" a pamphlet which contributed to procure Mr. Douglas the popularity which he at that time possessed. In 1768, Mr. Boswell obliged the world by his " Account of Corsica, with Memoirs of General Paoli." Of this printed performance Dr. Johnson thus expresses himself: *' Your Joiu'nal is curious and delight fid. I know not whether I could name any narrative by which curiosity is better excited or better gratified." This book was received with extraordinary ap})robation, and has been trans- lated into the German, Dutch, Italian, and French languages. In the following winter, the theatre-royal at Edinburgh, hitherto restrained by paity-spirit, was opened. On this occasion Mr. Boswell was solicited by David Ross, esq. to write a prologue. The eflect of this prologue upon the autlicnce \\as highly flat- tering to the author, and beneficial to the manager, as it secured to the latter, by the annihilation of the o})position which had been till that time too successfully exerted against him, the un- interrupted possession of his patent, which he enjoyed till hia death, which happened in September, 1790. Mr. Boswell at- tended his funeral as chief mourner, and paid the last honours to a man with whom he had spent many a pleasant hoiu'. In 1769, was celebrated at Stratford-on-Avon the Jubilee in hon- our of Shakspeare, Mr. Bo.swell, an enthusiastic admirer of the writings of our immortal Bard, and ever ready to partake of *' the feast of reason and the flow of soul," repaired thither, and appeared at the iQas<}uera(l6 as an ainied Corjlcao chief] a cha- racter I7^t.] THE EIGHTEEKTri CENTURY. 40J A new edition of Mr. Cheseldeh's " Anatomy of the Human Body," 8vo. racter he was eminently qualified to support. This year Mr. Boswell was married to Miss Margaret Montgomery, a lady who, to the advantages of a polite education, united admirable good sense and a brilliant understanding. She tvas daughtei- of David Montgomery, esq. related to the illustrious family of Eglintoune, and representative of the anticnt peerage of Lyle. The death of this amiable woman is recorded in the Gentleman's Magazine for June 1790; and Mr. Boswell honoui-ed her memory with aa affectionate tribute. She left him two sons and three daughters j who, to use Mr. Boswell's own words, " if they inherit her good qualities, will have no reason to complain of their lot. Dot mai^nn parentHm virtus. In 17^^. lord Auchinleck died. In 17B3, Mr. Boswell published his celebrated " Letter to the People of Scotland ;" which is thus praised by Johnson in a letter to the author: " I am very much of your opinion **** j your paper contains very considerable knowledge of History and the Consti- tution, veiy properly produced and applied." Mr. Pitt, to whom Mr. Boswell conmmnicated the pamphlet, honoured it with his approbation. This first letter was followed by a second, in which Mr. Boswell displayed his usual energ\- and political abilities. Iii 178.'S, Mr. BosweJl published "A Journal of a Tour to the He- brides" with Dr. Johnson ; which met a similar success to his entertaining account of Corsica. This year Mr. Boswell removed to Ijondon, and was soon after called to the English bar. But Mr. Boswell's professional business was interrupted by preparing his most celebrated work, " The Life of Sanmel Johnson, LL.D." Thia was published in 1790, and was received by the world with most extraordinary avidity. It is a faithful histoiy of Johnson's life, and exhibits a. most interesting picture of the character of that illustrious moralist, delineated with a masterly hand. The prepai-ation of a second edition of this work was almost the last literary performance of Mr. Boswell ; though he was at the same time preparing a general answer to a letter from Dr. Samuel Parr, In Gent. Mag. vol. LXV. p. 179; in which he proposed also brieflj to notice the attacks of his more puny antagonists. He had also a design, which was in some forwardness, of publishing a quarto volume, to be embellished with line plates, on the subject of the controversy occasioned by the Beggar's Opera ; and it is to be regretted that the publick were not gratilied with a perusal of what sb good a judge of human nature w ould say on so curious a subject. With this particular view he had paid frequent visits to the then truly humane "Governor of Newgate," as he ordi- narily styled Mr. Kirby. His death, unevpected by Lis friends, was a subject of universal regret ; ami liis remains were carried to Auchinleck ; and the following inscription is engraved on his coflin-plate : "James Boswell, esq. died 19 May, 1795, aged 65 years j" over which, in a shield, arc the initials J. B. bctwceii two strips of iaurel ; aud bis crest, Oa a wratb Argent aud itD H Sable, 404 LITERARY ANEG-DOTES OF [l7(?2. " Innocence, a Poetical Essay, by Mr. Abraham Portal*," 8vo. " Jerusalem delivered, an Heroic Poem ; trans- lated from the Italian of Torquato Tasso, by John Hoole -j- ;" 2 vols. 8vo. Sable, a hawk witli a hood on all proper. Motto, over the crest, VRAYE FOY. The arms borne by Mr. Boswell (in vk- tue of a grant in Scotland, 1780) were. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Argent, on a fess Sable three cinquefoils of the field, a canton Azure charged with a galley, sails furled, with a tressure Or. 2 and 3, quarterly, 1 and 4, Aigcnt, a lion rampant Azure ; 2 and 3, Or, a saltiie and chief Gules j over all, a cross engrailed Sable. Crest as above. * Son of a Clergyman preferred in Essex. He was some time a goldsmith and jeweller on Ludgate Hill, and afterwards kej>t a stationary and musick waiehouse in the Strand. His other pub- lications were, 1. " Olinda and Sophronia, a Tragedy, 1758." 2. " War, an Ode, 17e2." 3. "The Indifferent Lover, a Comedy. 1768." 4. " The J^ady of Bagdad, a Comic Opera, 1778 ;" the Songs only printed. In 1782 he collected his " Poetical Works" in one octavo a olume. He finished his career as a Box-kee[)er at Di\iry-lane theatre ; but my friend Mr. Jones (the able Coiitinu- ator of the "Biographia Dramatica") has not been able to learn in what year. \ The fondness of this benevolent Poet for literature shewed itself when he was a boy, so as to make him a favourite with his schoolniiister, while Ins harmless and gentle disposition caused him to be beloved by his schoolfellows. He quitted school well versed in the Latin and French languages, witli a small portion of the Greek. He was perfectly master of arithmetick, a most excellent penman, and possessed a good talent in drawing ; but his knowledge of Italian was entirely his own acquiring after he quitted school. His father, Mr. Samuel Hoole, who then carried on a branch of the watch-making business (which, by the use of fome newly- invented engines, of his own construction, he had rendered very piofitable) , wished to have brought him up in his own trade, and actually began to teach him the use of his tools ; but to this way of life Nature had opposed an insuperable bai", for John Hoole was so very short-sighted that he could not prac- tise the trade without great inconTcnience, nor, in some respects, without danger, from the fragments of brass and steel to which his eyes, by their near approach to his work, were exposed. He was not, however, wanting in mechanical talents, for he not only completed some pieces of work with his own hands, but, in many respects, v.as assisting to his father in the machinery which he constructed for Mr. Rich, the then proprietor of Covent-garden theatre. Being prevented from exercising any mechanical calling, he was placed in the service of the East- India Company, in theiy Acconiptants' office, under Mr, Hort, the 17^2.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 405 An "Italian Grammar," by Mr. Lates, of Ox- ford, 8vo. the chief accornptant 5 of whose abilities, integrity, and kind treatment of the yoimg men under his care, he always spoke with respect. While in this office, INIr. Hoole formed an inti- mate connexion with several clerks in the Company's service of his own age, particularly Mr. Peter Corbett, Mr. John Winter, Mr. Ranceford Tookcy, and Mr. John Tristram 5 young men of good sense, but all singular or eccentric characters 5 and with them he apent many of his leisure hours. They used frequently to dine and sup together 3 but were never guilty of any such nocturnal re\'els as frequently disgi'ace the characters of young gentlemen. Their 30\ithful parlies were always entertaining, and often whimsically diverting. Mr. Hoole's princijial amuse- ment, however, was at the theatre, where he had free access behind the scenes, in virtue of his father's being machinist ; but thence arose an inconvenience which his father had not foreseen j namely, that the son had begun to conceive a great jclish for a theatrical life, so as to form serious thoughts of appearing on the stage : but his father having declared his entire disapprobation of sucii a measure, he would not indulge his propen^iiy any far- ther than by privately anmsing himself and his friends with tlie rehearsal of different plays. Mr. Hoole used to tell a story of a whimsical distress he was brought into by his short-siglitedness, while performing the part of the Ghost in " Hamlet," at the Little Theatre in Lincoln's-inn-fields (now Spode's China ware- house) 5 for, having almost finished his sjK'cch to young Hamlet, and coming near to the period when tlie Ghost descends, he was not able to discei'n the place where the tiap-door would open, and, fearing either to misS the spot, and to be left standing on the stage, or of meeting with some accident, by tlie trap-door opening where he did not expect it, he protiacted his speech as nmch as he could " But soft metliinks I scent the morning air brief let me be," &c. at the same time feeling about the stage with his foot for the trap-door, while his friend, who acted as jn'ompter, in as great distress as himself, cried, in a ^vhisper, " Here Jack, here Jack, a little more tliis way." He, however, luckilv hit tlie right place, and di^scendcd with proper ghostly dignity. Together with his attachment to poetiy, Mr. John Hoole was not indilrerent to the Loves and Graces ; his heart was early susceptible of the tendei' pa-^ion. In 175/ lie married Miss Susannali Smith, of Bishop Sfortford, who was frequently called the handsome (Quaker ; and, in mairiage with her, he formed a conncKion with two vry wortliy faiiiiUes, the Smiths of Bishop Stortford, and the Etheredges of Bunlingfordj and thi(jiigh them he became acquainted with Mr. John Scott, of Aniwell, by profession a Quaker, but a good poet, and author of many pleasing and well-known productions. He also re- ceived every testimony of regard from the Quakers in general; for^ though that tiocieiy are averse to marriages with those of a dif- 40^ JWTERARr ANECDOTM Of [l7^. " Remarks on the Beauties of Poetry and Painting, by Daniel Webb, esq.'' 8vo. different persuasion, yet no sect whatever could have refused tkeir cordial h'iendship to a man of Mr. John Hoole's disposition. During the early part of Mr. Hoole's marriage his appointments at the India-house were but slender. This, however, he sup- plied by his industry ; and, at his leisure hours, laboured inde- fetigably in making out the invoices for the Company's outward- bound ships, arid moreover employed himself in translating French publications relative to the transactions of that nation in India during the war of 1756, commonly called the Seven Years War. Upon Mr. Hoole's removal from the Accomptants-office to that of the Auditor of India Accompts, he not only enjoyed a more lucrative post than in his former station, but also the con- stant company of Mr, Oldmixon, the chief of that office, who, lik himself, was a reader of the Italian language, and an ad- mirer of poetry in general. It was probably at the instance of this gentleman that Mr. Hoole determined on writing his tra- gedy of " Cyrusj" and, that he might complete it without inter- ruption, he, in the autumn of 1767, having obtained leave of absence from the India-house, suddenly disappeared from among his friends and acquaintance in London, till they began to be seriously alarmed about him, particularly his mothei', who then lived in Moorfields with her youngest son and daughter. She was, however, at length relieved from her anxiety, by a letter from Mr, John Hoole to his brother, inviting him to his retreat, which proved to be a small house at the Thames side, at Wands- worth, in the neighbourhood of Mr. Oldmixon j and, upon Mr. Samuel Hoole's repairing thither, he found his brother in good health, who meriily acquainted him with the cause of his ab- sconding. This rui-al retirement was so much to Mr. John Hoole's taste, that he continued in the house for several years, and took great pleasure in passing to and fro by water, having, at the same time, chambers in Clement's-inn. In Septcmb*!", 1770, Mr. Hoole liad the misfortune to break the patella or knee-pan of his leg by a fall, in the dusk of the evening, doun a flight of .tej)s, which were then at the end of George's-com't, Clerkenwell, but which, soon afterwards, as if it had been to save others from a like accident, were taken away, and the place made a gradual slope. This fracture, which is deemed by the faculty very difficult to treat, and veiy tedious in the cure, con- fined hiui to his bed in Clement's-inn for several months, dur- ing which time he was constantly and carefully attended by that eminent surgeon Mr. Richard Grindall, who had a great friend- ship for hiai ; and his long confinement was alleviated by fre- quent visits from his nmnerous friends and acquaintance. As soon a.-^ he was so far recovered as to be able to quit his chamber, he removed to his mother's house in Moorfields, where a bed was {)rovided for him on the ground-floor, to save the necessity of going up and down stairs, and two chairmen came regidarlj" every day, with what is called a boot-chair, having an extended cavity 17^2.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 407 Mr. Kurd's celebrated " Letters on Chivalry and Romance *," two editions, 8vo. cavity at the bottom, to permit the leg being placed in a straigrht posture : and thus he was conveyed to attend his duty at the India-house. This fracture of the patella generally pnKluces a stifthcss in the joint, which ever afterwards prevents the patient from walking without difficulty ; and this was a cause of gi'eat anxiety on the part of Mr. Hoole, He did indeed, for some time, experience that inconvenience, though not to so great a degree as he expected. But, a few years afterward, he had the misfortune (if it is to be so called) of breaking his knee-pan a second time ; and, after this second fracture was heidad, he found the joint become more flexible ; and, consequently, he could walk with more ease. The same accident befell him a third time, and with the like success ; for, the joint of his knee now allowed full motion to the leg, by which means he walked, all the remainder of his life, with great ease and vigour, and with little or no ap- pearance of limping in his gait. He died Aug. 2, 1803, in his 76th year, Mr. Hoole first displayed his poetical talents in an elegy on the death of Mr.s. VVoflington, the celebrated actress. He translated the works of Tasso, Ariosto, and Metastasio, if not with congenial fervour of inuigination, yet with correctness, elegance, and taste. His Tasso's "Jerusalem delivered" has gone through several editions. In 17 G7 he published "The Works of Metastasio, translated from the Italian," 2 vols. 12mo. In 1773, the first volume of a Translation of Ariosto's "Orlando Furioso}" and, ten years after, he published it coun)lete, in 5 vols. 8vo ; in 1791, the " Orlando" of Ariosto, reduced to 24 books, tlie narrative connected, and the stories dispotd, in a regular seiies, 2 vols. 8vo ; and, 17i>2, a Translation of Tasso's " Rinaldo," in 1 vol. 8vo. He was the author of three dramatic pieces, the tragedies of "Cyiiis," " Timanthes," and "Cleonice, Princess of Bythinia." 'Fhe first two pieces were derived fronj Metas- tasio. Thev wore performed with tolerable buccess, particularly the tragedy of " Cyius," the fable of which is very interesting, and which \vas animated by noble sentiments, well expressed. This play had the advantage of beiug supported by the talents of Powell, in the zenith of hi* fame; by those of Smith, when he was a great favourite with the publick; and by those of Mrs. Yate.>, when she Avas in the maturity of beauty and theatrical repute. The tragedy of "Cleonice " was by no means so success- ful. Indeed, it fella victim to the severity of Criticism, which has capricioubly suffered many worse performances to enjoy a better fate. Mr. Hoole conducted himself very liberally on tlii;* occasion, by retiuning a considerable jxirt of the money which iie had received for the co[)y-right, allcdging, that, as the j)iece was not successful on the stage, it could not be very proHtable to the bookseller, and ought not to be a loss. * " While tiie generality of writers arc catitiously creeping in the track of their predecessors, Avithout during to think for thcin- 408 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I763, '^ A Second* Letter to the Rev. Dr. Kennicott -|-, In which his Defence of his Second Dissertation themselves, and to venture fer from the beaten paths, the inge- nious Author of these letters, trusting to his own pov\ ers, opens a new vein of criticism, and entertains his readers, in a most agreeable manner, with a variety of remarks on a veiy curious subject." Monthly Review, vol. XXVU. p. 81. * A former Pamphlet had been published in 1762 imder the following title : " A Letter to the Rev, Dr. Kennicott, in which his Defence of the Samaritan Pentateuch is examined, and his second Dissertation on the State of the printed Hebrew Text ef the Old Testament, is shewn to be in many instances injudicious and inaccurate. With a Postscript, occasioned by his advertis- ing, before this Letter was printed, that he had an Answer to it in the Press. By T. Rutherforth, D. D. F. R. S. the King's Pro- fessor of Divinity in Cambridge, and C'haplain to her Royal Highness the Princeis Dowager of Wales." 8vo. t Benjamin Kennicott, of Exeter college, Oxford, 1750 5 B. D. 1761 ; D. D. I76I 5 well known in the literary world fop his elaborate edition of the Hebrew Bible, and other publica- tions. He was born at Totness,' in Devonshire, in 17I8. His early display of talents reconmiended him to some gentlemen, who sent him to Oxford, and thei'e supported him. At Oxford he soon became eminent, and, on account of two Dissertations, one on the Tree of Life, the other on the Oblations of Cain and Abel, had the degree of A. B. conferred uj)on him gratis a year before the statutable time. He soon after distinguished himself by the publication of seveial occasional sermons, which were well received. In the year 1753, lie laid the foundation of his great work, and spent a long time in searching out and examin- ing Hebrew manus.crii)ts. He appealed to the Jews themsel^es on the subject of the Hebrew ioy^i, and gave a compendious his- toiy of it from the close of the Hebrew canon to the invention of printing, with an account of 103 Hebrew MSS. In 1760, he published hi.'- Projjosals for collating all the Hebrew MSS. pi'ior to the invention of printing, tliat could be found in Great Bri- tain 5 and, at the same time, for |)rocuring as many culkitious of foreign MSS. as his time and money Avould jjerniit. During the progress of th.e \\ork he ^^as rewarded with a canonrv of Christ Church, His first volume was published in 1776, and the whole was completed in 1780. ^Wlicn we contemplate his diligence and learning, it mut he confessed, that Hebrew liter- ature and sacred criticism are indebted to him moie than to any scholar of hi? age. He ^vas a good and conscientious man, and, in decline of life, resigned a \aluable li^ ing in Cornwall, on account of his not having a prospect of e^er again being able to visit his i?arish. Though many good nu n may ju.->tly think, in this case, that his professional lrtb(n:rs caiTicd on elsewhere might properly have entitled him to letain this preferment, and may apply tliis reasoning in other cases, yet a conduct so signally disinte- rested 17^2.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 4^ is examined. By T. Rutlierforth *, D.D. F.R.S. the King's Professor of Divinity in Cambridge, and Chaplain to her Royal Highness the Princess Dow^ ager.of Wales." 8vo. '* Lady Jane Grey, a Poem, by George Keate, Esq^, 4to. ' Colonije Anglicanae Illustratae : or, the Acquest of Dominion, and the Plantation of Colonies made by the English in America ; with the Rights of the Colonists examined, stated, and illustrated. Part L Containing, I. The Plan of the whole Work, inclu- ding the Proposition, asserting the Rights of the Colonists, intended to be established. II. A brief History of the Wars, Revolutions, and Events, which gave rise to all the marine Discoveries, and foreign Acquisitions made by the modern Euro- rested deserves certainly to br adaiired and celebrated. He died at Oxford, Aug. IS, 1/83, kavinc; a wife, but no children. At the time of his death he was einijloyed in printing Remarks oa ptissages in the Old Testament. This was afterwards published from his papei's. Dr. Kenuicott was also keeper of the RadclifFe library ; and corresponded with some of the most eminent cha- racters in Europe. Dr. Kennicott was a friendly, laborious, worthy man, who, by an uncommon perse\cnmce, rendered him- self of the utmost service to religion and biblical learning. At home ho correspondcjl with Dr. Lowth, bishop of London, Dr. Heberden, Dr. VVheelc^r, Dr. Adams, &c. He was ill used by the Review \\'?iters in fiennany, Avho manifestly write for the pay of theii- literary .shops ; and by Dr. Bnins, who had assisted him in his collation, and afteiwards ungenerously wrote agauist him. St-e Gent. Mag. vol. LI II. pp. '62^K 744. * Of whom see an accotmt, p. 196. " The Doctor has taken a great deal of leained pains v\ order to shew, that Dr. Kennicott's second Dissertation is, in ujr.ny iiistances, inju- dicious and inaccurate ; but wiiat he has advanced in support c.f this charge is, in j!;ene)"al, extremely frivolous. A few inarcura- cii-5, it mu.-it be acknowludged, he has pointed out (and what work can he named, that is miireiy free from them?) j but they aie of so trilling a nature, that we think them not worth men- tionhig. There is (ne point, however, which he has proved in a very clear and sati.--factory manner, and tl\at i.-, hi. own want of judgment and acciracy, and not only so, but his want of c iUdour, and of thiit liberal turn of mind, which ought to be diligently cultivated by all those who apply themselves to liberal studies, and without which learning or.ly exposes him who is posiicssed of it to contexupt and ridicule." ilonihlij Havicv, vol. XXl'I. p. 395. peans. 410 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [1762. jjeans. III. A Survey of the Knowledge and Opi- nions Tvhich the Europeans had of the Earth in Times preceding these Discoveries ; with other Matters relating to this Subject. IV. The Parti- culars of the Progress made by the Portuguese, from their beginning these Discoveries to the Death of King John II. and an Account of the Grants made to the King of Portugal of the Countries that were or might be discovered, by the Bulls of several Popes, with one of them set forth at large." 4to. 17^3. This year Mr. Bovvyer published an excellent edition of the Greek Testament *, in 2 volumes, 12mo, under the title of " Novum Testamentum Graecum, ad fidem Grsecorum soliim Codicum MSS, nunc primum expressum, adstipulante Joanne Ja- cobo Wetstenio, juxta Sectiones Jo. Alberti Ben- gelii divisum ; et nova Interpunctione saepius il- lustratum. Accessere in altero volumine Emen- dationes Conjecturales Virorum doctorum unde- cunque collectae -j-." * An earlier impression of the Greek Testament has been noticed in p. 15/, with the emendations of Mr, Clarke j of V iiich, however, Mr. Clarke's son obsenes, " Mr. Bowyer had printed a Greek Testament for the Company of Stationers in 1743, in the title-page of which he put accuratissim^ impretsurn ; but the fact was not quite true." Mr. Edward Clarke, MS. Of the editi(ni of i;6'3 Dr. Harwood said, in 1775, "This is a valuable Gre- k I'siamcnt, and now scarce. A copy of it sold at Di"- AskeA\ - ?; e for 10s. 6d. Mr. Bowyer is an excellent Greek scholar, and it is to be feared will be the last learned printer in Erglsaid." View of the various Editions of Greek and Roman Classics, vUh Remarks, p. 121, At Mr. Beauclerk's sale a ropy of it wiis sold for m'Mc ihan double the original price, whicii was only 6s. I may aUu, that neither of these copies was rendered of additional value bv the modern luxury of splenchd bindings, which often swells the price of books which have in the printing bur little rn-jrit. f When this Edition was nearly finished at the press, Mr, Bowyer wrole to his old friend and second tutor Dr. Nevvcome, to consul: hiui on a point of some delicacy, which the following note of the Rev. George Ashby will explain : " The letter which Mr, JJowyer wrote to Dr. Newcome was dated Sept, 29, 1763. It 17<53'] THE l;iGHTENTH CENTURV, 411 This edition was sold with great rapidity, though announced to the publick in a light. It ^vas to ask him, wliPthor he might omit the Doxology, and 1 John V. 7> in an intended edition. The Master sent for me, G. A. and shewed me the lettei\ Heing old, and in a deelining way, and seemingly disti'essed with the application, and com- plaining of the having to answer it as a hardship ; I offered to answer it for him ; which he gladly accepted." The following is a copy of Mr. Bow) er's queries. " On a supposition that I should re-print an edition on 1 new letter in 13mo, for the use of schools, which are the best Patrons, Do you advise. 1. That I should leave out the words now inelo.sed In crotchets, as not supported by MSS. and give a list of them at the pnd ; or retain them as they ai*e ? Will not the School- masters be frightened to lose the Doxology ; and half the Clergy to part with the testimony of the \Mtnes>sefc ? 2. I could wish to print it without distinction of versos, only niunbering them in the outer margin. But will boys relish that so well ? I do not ask which is absolutely best, but which is relatively so S. In Quarto, all these variations would naturally be placed at the bottomj and then, I think, you will be content to have the other notes at the end, which is an ease to the Editor, though not t3 the Reader. Two or three quarto editions on font : one it Oxford, far advanced, on new types of Baskerville by the vvay, not good ones. Dr. Pany thinks to set about another. Mr. Jacic- son's executors liope to sell his materials for 100/." [They have since given them to Jesus college, Cambridge. Dr. Bentley's are in Trinity college, by gift of late Dr. Bentley. T. F.} The several queries of Mr. Bowyer were thus answered : " 1. Leave them out ; for neither will School-masters be more frightened, &c. nor half the Clergy, &c. at the passages being ([uietly svmk, than at its being constantly pointed out fo tixera that they are utterly unsupported by MSS. whilst so many hooks, &c. look like Caesar's or Dciphobns's carcase. [" Out of 118 .MSS. that have this cha])ter, and which have been diligently collated, only two have the questionable ver.se j and one of them, the Codex Ravii, has, by an accurate and faith, ful collation, lately been found to be a trunscript of the Com- phitensiam, and an edition of Stephens; and the only remaiiiing one, which indeed has occasioned all the trouble, viz. that in Dub' a University, will, when examined in the .-^ame exact manner, pro- bably share the s^ame fate ; or at least the cauye will be left to st;ind on one leg, instead of 1 18 or more. It must seem surprizing that this has never been done, in order to give the coup de grace to the whole basiness. One should imagine that in that University or City there must be some scholar able and willing to collate the whole, or at least as much ;is would detect the origin of the MS, as has been completely done by the other, for 10 or 20/, or more if you please. This I suggested four or five year* ago to a No- bleman of high rank and fortmic [the Duke of Grafton], w'h some 412 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iJ^S. perhaps, not the most captivating to a purchaser ; to the advertisements in the pubHc papers Mr. Bovvyer having subjoined a somewhat singular remark ; " This edition * boasts neither elegance of some other circumstances which appeared material to me, and I thought were in unison with his sentiments ; but whether the letter ever reached him, though he Hves not far off, is more than I know. Howe\'ei', I never received any answer, and so had no thoughts of repeating my application." T. F!] 2. Surely boys will better vmderstand what they are about, if the Testament be printed like all their other books, and not minced into such artificial divisions. Do not begin a verse with a great letter, unless the beginning of a sentence, &c. requires it ; but mark the beginning by a small line under the word, as Stephens doth the proper names. To ease the margin, number the verses only 2, 4, 6, 8, &c. the subscribed line wUl readily point out the inter- mediate odd verses. Finish off at the end of Gospels, so as to make a first volume, and the notes a third." " The answer was sent to Mr, Bowyerj and 1 heard no more of it. Nineteen years afterwards [1782], when the proof-sheets of 'Conjectures on New Testament' weie sent me down to Barrow, J mentioned the circumstance to Mr. Nichols ; but he knew nothing of any such letter]:. He sent me down the first sheet of a Continuation of the Life of IV. B. [i. e. as I suppose his own ] j but I had trouble enough by making large additions to the first, as may be seen by the proof-sheets, which I keep i| ; so sent it back vmmeddled with, Mr. Tyrwhitt made him leave out what I said about Hearne and f?aker, two old good friends, almost quarrelling about secu- ring the abominably good story of the Miller and Scholars, though it appears in Baker's oun hand in his copy of Benedictus, in St. Jolm's-college library. So Davies, in Life of Garrick, as Nichols tells me, is very angry that I should presume to question Gari'ick's generosity." * " I am really glad that your N. T. is likely to turn out so much better than you expected, &c. (see vol. IV. p. 288). "I shall not be surprized or sorry to hear that you diliered with the person you mention ^1 , rather than be instrumental in exposing him. On the contrary, I shall think you have acted very h.niourably in so doing. The plea, of another person's undertaking it, if you do not, is nothing to you. You mejitiou a Dedication, but do not say of ichat ; I hope, not of the Muse which v.ould be ridiculous in one of his degree and station, at any age 3 but at SO is inloierably absurd. J t would be veiy + I V. .-iS too young, wlien it was written, to be coiiiulted on so impor- tant a suh)'.-':'t. J. iV. This was ratlier too hasty a conclusion; unless the present JVork be considered as a Life of its ( onipiler. J. A. 11 As th; Reader may see by the many curious notes signed T. F. or Z)r. Taijlor'i FrivmL J. N. r Dr. Cobdeii; of whom see before, p. 207. for^ 176^3.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTUE.V. 41^ type nor paper, but trusts to other merits." The conjectural emendations * are a very valuable addi- tion to the Greek Testament '|~, and were extremely well received by the Learned J. ^ " The Alps/ a Poem, by Mr. Keate," 4to. " Elvira, a Tragedy, by Mr. Mallet," Svo. fortunate for him, if, when you lefuse to be concerned in it> you would plainly and honestly tell him the reason. I know iie would like it. Probably he does not think of that circum- stance Non decet. I have kriO\\n him desist from iin])roper things for a single hint. Hea\eu preserve us from hobby-horses at eighty!" Letter from Mr. Marhland, Jj^iril 11, 1763. * A new edition of the " Conjectures" was printed in Svo, 1772 J a third, in 4to, ITS'^; and a fourth, from the interleaved copy of Dr. Owen, v,hich he bequ(>athed to the Honoiu'able and Right Reverend Dr. -Shule Barrington, Lord Bishop of Durham, ifc, by the favom" of that learned Prolate, now actually in the press. I " We may allow illiterate witling's and half-learned poets to call persons engaged in granmiatical studies by the opprobrious title of word-calciiers and point-setters ; but we cannot but be concerned to hear any one, who really is, or pretends to be, a man of learning, join with them in the cry. To convince all stich despisers how much depends even upon tiie minutiae of grammar, 1 would offer this remark, that the conjunction xxt has upwards of ten meanings, not only in the Bible (on account of its answering to that extensive Hebrew particle Vau), but also in the best profane authors ; and that it has been above twenty times wrongly translated in the New Testament, so as to destroy^ if not the sense of those piissages, at least their force and elegance, which is not likely to be restored to them by per- sons who know no other meaning of xat but one. I would have them too observe, that the leaving out the definitive article fthej where it is expressed in tlie Greek, and in.serting it where it is not exjn-essed, has perverted the meaning of sou)e important passages of Holy Writ. 1 would also reconnnend it to them to look into a Greek Testament lately published by Mr. Bowyer, a printer, whose eiudition not only sets him on a par with the best scholars among the early printers, but would do credit to persons of high rank even in the learned professions. They may there see how nmch has been done by pimctuation, parentliescs, proper section, and oilier eoncemptible articles, towards illus- trating a book, which, as of all books it most deserves our read- ing, claims our greatest care that it be tiulv pointed and justly translated." Tico Grammatical Essnys, S;c. IJG'.). X In return for a copy of this work ])resented to Mr. Tyr- whitt, an admirable judge of (iret'k Literature, Mr. Bowyer received the following letter : "Sir, Cottcn Garden, March \G, 176;5. *' I return you my best thanks for yoiu' obliging letter m\{\ present. I have not as yet been ablt; to look far into your book, but 414 LITERARY AN'ECCOTES OF [l7^5' "A Report from the Committee appointed on the SJth of January 1763, to enquire into the State of Private Madhouses, with the Proceedings of the House of Commons thereupon; pubhshcd by their Order*," folio. " Tracts on the Liberty, Spiritual and Temporal, of Protestants in England -f-," by Anthony Ellys, D. D, late Lord Bishop of St. David's, Part 1. 4to. but I dare say it will do honour to tlie learning: ^r^'l acciiracr of the Editoi*. I do not suppose you meant to rcqiijje a very par- ticular answer from nie at this time to the representation which accompanied your letter. I shall say however thus much, that I should hardly think myself at liberty to make any alteration in the course of business in the office, unless upon a real necessity. If such a necessity shoidd obiig'e me to look out for another Pi-inter, I should be ready to shew a proper ai tention to the cha- riicter which you a eiy desenedly bear in vour profession ; as my first wish would really be to find one who would execute tlie business as well, or, if possible, better than those at prcbcnt em- ployed. I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble servant, Tho. Tyew^itt." This alludes to the " Joiunals of the House of Commons,"" then in a sort of abeyance by the death of iMr. Ric^hardson (see p. 353), That business passed afterwards into a very proper channel ; from which it has since devolved into the hands of perhapi the only Printer living wiio unites in one person the ability of superintending- such extensive duties, and strength of mind and body suthcient to undergo the fatigue of constant per- sonal attendance. * At this peiiod all the Public Reports made to the House of Commons were piinted by their Order ; and enough of thenr were sold to defray all the expences of the copies distributed gra- tuitously to the members. Tiiis was tht:n also the ca^e of " The Votes;" which left a handsome siuj)lus to the Speaker for the time being j till the sale was destroyed bv the daily publication of the Parliamentary Debates in the Newspapers. f " We have been informed by persons who, from their situa- tions and connections, were likely to have an opportunity of knowing, that these I'racts are the papers which the Right Re- verend AuthoT frequently declared his intention of publishing, under s(jme such title as, ' A Defence t)f the Reformation.' It bad for maiiy years been undei stood, that Dr. Ellys wiis engaged in tliis work; and that his great intention was, to illustrate, confirm, and vindicate the Principles of Religious Liberty, and the Reformation from Popery, founded upon them : a design which could not b\it recommend him to the notice of the excel- lent persons at that time in the Administration ; whose glorious character it was, that they were the steady friends of public liberty. 1763.3 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 415 A new Edition of Ecton's " Thesaurus Rerum Ecclesiasticarum," 4to; [since re-published by Jcihn Bacon, esq. under the title of " Liber Regi?, 1 7 : G/'J The first volume of Dr. Ferdinando Warner's * " History of Ireland/' 4to. Liberty, both civil and religious ; and, upon all occasions, the Patrons of those learned men who appeared in the defence of this important interest. It was the reputation of being em- ployed in tills work, and with sucii views, tliat was undoubtedly the means of advancing our Author to the station he filled in the Church : and why he never comjdeted his design in his lite- time ; why lie never received any farther marks of favour from the great Personages who first countf'nanced him ; and why the work, as now published, is so mateiially different from what it was once expected to be, we are only left to conjecture." Montldy Review, vol. XXIX. p. 117. A second part was published in i76-">; under which yeai* au account will be given of the veiy learned Author. * Ferdinando Warner, LL. D. vicar of Ronde, co. Wilts, 1730; rector of St. Michael, Oueenhitlie, London, and of Barnes in Surrey; a celebrated preacher, and author of, 1. "A Sermon preached before the Lord Mayor January 30, 1748." 2. " A Sermon preached before the Lord Mayor on September 2, 1749." 3. "A System of Divinity and Morality, containing a Series of Discourses on the principal and most important Points of Natu- ral and Revealed Religion ; compiled from the Works of the most emirient Di\ines of the Church of England, 17^30," 5 vols. 12mo. This was reprinted in 4 vols. 8vo, 175G. 4. "A Scheme for a Fund for the better Maintenance of the AVidows and Chil- dren of th(! Clergy, 1753," 8vo. .^. " An Illustration of the Book of Connnon Prayer and Administiation of Sacraments, and other Rites and Ceiemonies of the Church of England, &c. 1754," folio. In this year he took the degree of LL.I). 6'. " Bo- lingbroke, or a Dialogue on the Origin and Authority of Reve- lation, 1755," 8vo. 7. "A free and necessary Enquiry whether the Church of England in her Liturgy, and many of her learned Divines in tluir Wjitings, have not by some unwary Expressionf relating to Transubstantiation and the real Presence, given %o great an Advantage to Paj)ists and Deists, as may prove fatal to true Religion, unless soute Remedy be speedily ajjplied ; with Remarks on the Power of Priestly Aljsolution, I7rj5," 8vo. S. In 1756 he pnblisiied the {iist volume of his " EccU^iastical History, to the Eighteenth Century," folio; the second volume in 17'>7. 9. "Memoirs of tin; Lite of Sir Thomas More, Lord High Chancellor of England in the Reign of Henry VI 11. 17."iS," Svo. This is dedicated to bir Robert Henley, afterwaids L(^rd Chancellor N'oithington, who is complimented for the fa\onrs he had conferred on him on his receiving the Seals; probably for the rectory of iiaiuus^ which was given liim in 1758, and uith which 4lG ' MTKRARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^^' The " Siipplices Mulieres" of Euri})i(les, m ith the Notes of Mr. Markland, 4to. (See vol. IV. p. 2S7.) which he held Oucenhithe and Tiiuity tlie Less. 10. " Remarks on the History of Fingal ai)d other Poeiiis ol'Ossian, translated by Mr. jMaepherson, in a Letter to the Riiiht Hon. the Lord L [Lyttelton], 1*62," 9<\o. 11. "The ^History of Ireland, vol. L 1763," 4to. He published no more of this, beinf^ discou- raged by a disappointirient in hopes he had indulged of obtain- ing some Parliamentary Jissistance. VI. "A Letter to the Fel- lows of Sion College, and to all the Clergy within the Bills of Mortality, and in the (Jounty of Middlesex, humbly proposing theii' forming tl)emseives into a Society for the Maintenance of the Widows and Orphans of such ('lergymen. To which is added, a v-ketch of some Rules and Orders suitable to that i)ur- pose, 17G5." 8vo. 13. "The History of the Rebellion and Civil War in Ireland, 1767," 4to. In oi'der tt) collect materials for his History of Ireland, he went over to tliat kingdom, about 1761. YZ. "A full and plain Account of the Gout, from whence will be clearly seen the folly or baseness of all })retenders to the Cure of it, in which every thing material by the best Writers on that Subject is taken notice of, and accompanied with some new and important Instructions for its Relief, which the ,'^utlior's Experience in the Gout above thirty Years hatti induced him to impart, 1768," Svo. He died, in his 65th year, Oct. 3, 1768. His son, Dr. John "Warner, was of Trinity college, Cambridge ; B.A. 1758; ivl.A. 1761: I). D. 1773; and for many years he possessed an unusual degree of popularity, as a pleasing, manly, and eloquent preacher, at a chapel, his private propci'ty, in Long- Acre ; (which he sold to the late Dr. King, ^vuo had before been chaplain to the British Factory at St. Peterslrarg) . He was presented, in 1771 J to the united rectories of Hocklill'e and Chalgrave, iy^ Bedfordshiie ; and was afterwards presented, by his kind friend Sh" Richard Colt Koare, hart, to the valuable rcetoiv of Stour- ton, Wilts. Dr. Warner was an excellent scholar ; a man of tiie strictest integrity; warm and e\en enthtisiastic in his friend- ships. From liis ardent zeal for Mr. Howard (in conjunction with Dr. Lettsom and Mr. Nichols), orig-inated th.e project of erecting a statue to that great philanthropist in his life-time (the letter signed Anglus in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol.L\'I. p. 360, was Dr, Wainer's) ; and the actual completion of the beautiful monument in St. Paul's. At the outset of the French revolu- tion, enamoured with the illusive idea': of universal freedom, he passfcd a considerable time in the new Republick; till, disgusted with the hideous scenes to which he had too long been witness, he returned to enjoy with redoubled luxury true liberty at home; but still continued tincturea with a little of the leaven he had imbibed on the Continent. A slight specimen of this may be seen in two sportive sallies of his pen, in the Gentleman's Maga- zine, vol. LXIl. p. 3 8. But his attachment to Literature was unbounded. Moderate to an extreme at the table, and equally abster. 17^3-3 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 41 7 Mr. Folkes'g " Tables * of English Silver and Gold Coins," printed at the expence of the Society of Antiquaries ; 2 vols. 4to. abstemious atthe bottle ; a book and a pipe, and cheerful con- versation (in wliich he eminently excelled), were his supreme delight ; and his " Metronariston" (see Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LXVII. p. 232), and " Memoirs of Mekerchus" (lb, p. 2/3), afford the most striking proof of his originality of tlionght and depth of learning. He died, after a few days illness, in St. John's* square, Clerkenwell, Jan. 22, 1800, aged 64. * Duiing the progress of this work, some of those unavoidable delays took place, wliich ax'e too frequently experienced by all who are conversant with the press, and wliich, in the present case, produced tiae following formal complaint : " Sir, Tiie Society have been informed that th great delay, so long complained of, to the publication of Mr. Folkes's Tables, and the Appendix, is every where mentioiud by Dr. Gifford to be owing solely to your neglect of carrying on that work with the spirit and expedition you ought, and which the Society have a right to expect. He asserts, it is said, that you have been duly furnished with copy, but that several iceeks together have passed without his biing able to get a proof-sheet from you. The Society therefore expect you will lay before them a true state of the matter, that they may take measures accordingly to remove tht delay, wherever it lies, for the future. Please to make your Keport in writing, for the greater certainty and satisfaction of the Society, and of the Council before whom it will Uiore parti- cularly be brought to be considered of. I am. Sir, Yoiu' humble servant. Will. Norkis, Secretary. Saturday, 27 March, 1/63. From the House of the Society of Antiquaries." Mr. Bowyer, naturally irritable, was \crj much hurt by the accii^ution oi neglect ; from which he thus vindicated himself: " Rev. Sih, I am obliged to vou fur giving me an opportu- nity (;f vindicating myself to a Society among whom I thought I Jiad many Friends, but must have many Enemies, from the report wiiich it seems is every where spread of me. The best vindica- tion of my conduct in printiiig i\Ir. Fulkes's i>ook of Coins is the Journal I here send you of liie progioss of it, wlrch I have happily krpt from the time \()u fold me of the uncisincss of the Society at tlie delay of th.it work, being apprehensive I might be caHcd on to answer such a charge as is now biought against me. Tlie Journal is particular enougli, ixoept only tliat my scivant ha.-! omitted to set down wlien sonic of the sheets of Dr. (jiifoids Appendix were returned rnulv fur the press. How- ever, from an estimate of tho-e wliose date s aie e\j)re>-S''d, scaice any were returned within a week, some abo\e a fortnight after th'jy were sent. And each dieet of tlie Ajipendix has been twice sent, some thrice. On tiie other Ii'mkI, J)r. (Hford asserts, it i$ said, ' that sevtral icvcks together have puiicd without /*w beint; Vol. 11. able 41 8 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iT^S- ** A Dissertation upon the Tascia *, or Legend, on the British Coins of Cunobehn and others, by John Pettingal -f-, D. D. Head at the Society of Antiquaries, and ordered to be printed," 4to. " Epistolte Sex ad Amicum, de Divinitate Christi ; Auctore D.Waterhouse;}:, A.M. Rectore de Langley nupero, in Com. Cant." 4to. able to get a sheet from you.' I assert, Not once two weeks together, out of the three-quarters of a year, or 39 weeks, to which my journal extends. Five must be deducted, wliile I staid for Dr. Gifford's Appendix. Remain 34 weeks, in which time, you will see, 14 sheets have been sent him. Allowing him to correct these 14 sheets one week only to each (though for some he has taken a fortnight, for some three weeks), I cannot have deferred sending a jnoof, one with the other, so much as a week. I should fartlier observe, tliat, by the tediousness in returning the proofs, a man cannot be kept uniformly on the work ; and he will naturally, when they are returned, make an end of the sheet he is upon of the intervuning work, before he resumes the i7iterri(pte(i one. In printing that part of the book in which Mr. Folkes was concerned, to expedite it the more, I sometimes, you will see, sent two sheets at a time, or one sheet under another, before the former was put to press. But this part of Dr. Giftord's takes up so many small-capitals, that I have not enough of them to set up two sheets at once. And you, who correct for the King's Printer, will be so kind as to iriform the Society, that there are more small-capitals in a single sheet of this work than in the whole English Bible. Without being reminded of the duty I owe the Society, I am engaged by interest (which I mention but as an inferior motive in compari- son of the other) to expedite a work for which I know I shall be paid when finished, and for which 1 have bought paper about a twehemonth since. I am sorry that, to exculpate myself, 1 should throw any imputation on Mr. Gilford. I am obliged, however, in justice to him, to send him a copy of your letter and mine ; and v.e must each stand or fall by oiu" respective defence, I am, Sir, Your humble servant, W. Bowyek. " P. S. I find, by my books, that tlie lir.vt 14 sheets were printed in 14 weeks. 1 submit it, whether the subsequent have been delayed by tlie Editor or the Printer ?" * Tlie reward ofiered for discovering stealers of cattle in the Highlands is called Tascal monev. See " Letters from the North," vohll. p.243. -j- Of whom, see before, p. 333. + Thoy were edited by the Rev. Benjamin Watcrhouse, vicar of HoUingbourne, near Maidstone, in Kent. " Tele- 1763.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 4lJ " Telemachus, a Masque, by the Rev. George Graham *, M. A. Fellow of King's College, Cam- bridge," 4to. Dr. Gally's " Seconid Dissertation -|~, against pro- nouncing the Greek Language according to Accents, in answer to Mr. Foster s Essay on the different Nature of Accent and Quantity," 8vo. " Israelis Lyon \, junior. Fasciculus Plantarum circa Cantabrigiam nascentium, quae post Raium observatae fuere ;" 8vo. "An Introduction to English Grammar, by Dr. Lowth ," (afterwards Bishop of London) ; which he very frequently reprinted, 8vo and 12mo. * Tliis gentleman, the younger son of a clergyman, was edu- cated at Eton school, and was thence elected, in 1746", to King's college, Cambridge. He afterwards became one of the assistants at the school already named, and died in February 1767- He was author of a tragedy, which was refused by Mr. Garrick, and has not hitiierto appeared in print. His elder bro- ther, David, was also a fellow of King's, and a barrister at law. f Which may be added to the list of his pulilications in p. 274. Dr. Gaily was made King's chaplain in Oclober 1735. + To the article of Mr. Lyons (in p. 328) add, ''The Scliolar's Instructor, or Hebrew Grannnar, by Israel Lyf)ns, Teacher of the Hebrew Tongue in the University of Cambridge, The se- cond Edition, with many Additions and Emendations whicli the Author has found necessary in his long Course of teaching He- brew. Canibridge, 1757," Svo, was the jjioduction of his fa- ther 3 as was a ueatise printed at the Cambridge press, under the title of " Ob.iervations and Enquiries relating to various Parts of Scri])ture History, I76H5" puidished by subscription, at 2,$. 6'd. " 1 am now [Riblishing a su'.all bo(jk of live sheets, and am obliged to quote a shekel of Sinion with Samaritan charac- ters, which is in Dr. Morton's Tables of i\l[)habets, which tables I do not doubt but you ha\e tliem. 1 shall take it as a great favour of yoxi if you could send me the letters of that inscription, either in /io/Yow; letters, if you have such, bat if you have'thcm not, then you will be ])leased to send me the letters of the in- scription in the conunon San)aritan cliaraeters." Letter to Mr. LUnnjcr, July 4, 17CS. This illustrious Pielate was boi n at \\ inchc-tcr, in the Close, DtcemberS, I710. Hi>-; father, the Rev. \\'illiam Lowth wtis a j)rebendaiy of Wiuf he-ter, and made a distinguished iigure in the re])ublic of letters. Hi; ])ublj.shed "^ Couuiientaiies on the Pi'ophcls;" but his mo-t u-i( ful and popuhu work WiiS, " Duec- tions for prohtably reading the Holy Scriptures." This tract JE E 2 hi)3 420 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^3. "A View of the Internal Policy of Great Britain,** l2mo. has passed through many editions, a:hd is still in high estimation. Robert Lowth, like the Hebrew Prophet, when his father winged his flight to Heaven, caught his mantle, and a double portion of his spirit rested upon him. IMi'. Lowth ^vas educated at Winchester college, and completed his theological studies at New college, Ox- ford, of which he became fellow in 178 . The native brilliancy of his genius soon displayed itself; and though he applied himself with vigour and unremitted assiduity to his classical pursuits, yet he frequently unbent his mind, and let his imagination rove through the floweiy regions of Poetry. Of these some elegant specimens, indulgently communicated by hin)self, may be seen in the Fifth Volume of "A Select Collection of Miscellany Poems, 17'8o ;" which his Lordship also enriched by some biographical anecdotes of iiis friends Dr. llidley and Mr. Spence. But more sublime and nobler objects arrested his attention, by unfolding the treasures of sacred knowledge, by directing tlie attention of mankind to the sacred ])r!gc of inspiration, and exhibiting to them all the varied charms of biblical literature. In 1737, he took the degree of M. A. Mr. Lowth's great literary- talents and his elegant manners ffiiined him the friendship of the Duke of Devonshire, who appointed him tutor to his son, the Marquis of Hartington (the late Duke). With this young nobleman he made the tour of Europe ; and it would be superfluous to add, that hi.s services were such as ever after entitled him to the friendship of the noble iiouse of Cavendish. In 1741, having been elected Professor of Hebrew Poct)y in the liniversity of Oxford, he there delivered those admirable leetm'cs " Do SacrfiPoesi Hebreeorum," or the Sacred Poetr}- of the Hebrews, which has placed him in the highest scale of eminence as a critic. In 1732, he mai'ried Miss Mary Jackson, daughter of Lav/rence Jackson, esq. of Christ-Church, Hantt;. In 1736, he was admitted to his first pre- ferment, the lis iiig of Oveiton, in Hampshire. Dr. Lowth had also gained the esteem of Bp. Iloadly, who became his zealous 'patron, and appointed liim to tlie arclideaconiy of Winchester, in the year 1750, In 1754, the University of Oxford gave him his diploma as doctor of divinity. Tl)e Marquis of Hartington being appointed in 1755 viceroy of Ireland, Dr. Lcv.th accom- panied him as his domestic chaplain ; and, the bishoprick of Limerick becoming vacant. Dr. Lowth vvsis appointed to that see. In 1758, he pubhshed his " Live of Wiiliani of Wykeham,'* the Foimder of the Colleges in which he had received his educa- tion. In May 17GG, he was prom.oted to the bishoprick of St, David's > and, in July following, to the see of Oxford; and, in 1777j vas translated to that of London. In 1773, he pubhshed his "Translation of Isaiah.' Tiiis elegant and beautiful version of the evangelical prophet, on which learned men in every part of Europe have been mianimous in their eulogiums, is alone ufficient to transmit his name to the latest posterity. Dr, Lowth was 17^3-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 421 " The Kistoiy of Lady Julia Mandeville. By the Translator of Lady Catesby's Letters/' [Mrs. Frances Brooke] ; 2 vols. 12mo. wa^ for some tiir.e a prebendary of Durham, and was succeeded in liis stall there by Dr. Warburton ; and it has been said^ that the hrst disgust taken by these gentlemen to each other was oc- ca'^ioned by a disagreement between tl^eir ladies respecting some articles of furniture, on quitting theprebendal house. [His un- plediant controversy with that distinguished Prelate will be else- Vi heie no' iced.] When Archbishop Corn wallis died, the King made an offer of the archiepiscojial see to Di*. Lowth ; but tliis dignity he -'eclined. He was now advanced in life, and v.as tormented by a cruel and {KiinPul disorder, and had recently -xpeiiencpd some severe strokes of domestic calamity. Mary, his eldest daughter, of whom lie was passionately fond, died in 1768, aged 13. On her I'Kiusoleum, the afflicted father placed the following exaui- sitdy-beautiful and pathetic ejntaph on her tomb : " Cura, vale, ingenio prajstans, pietate, pudore, Et pluscpaam natae nomine cara, vale ! Cara Maria, vale ! at ^ eniet felicius jevum, Quando iterum tecum, sim modo dignus, ero. Cara, redi, laita tum diearn voce, paternoa Eja age in amj)lexus, cara Maria, redi." Which was thus ti anslatcd by Mr. Duncombe : " Dearer than daughter, parallel'd by few. In genius, goodness; modesty adieu ! Adi-ju ! Maria till thut day moi'e blest. When, if deserving, I with thee shall rest. Come, then thy sire will cry, with joyful strain, O ! come to my pateinal arras again." His second c'aughter, Frances, died as she was pre-iding at the tea-table, July 17S3 ; she was going to place a cup of coffee on the salver. " 'IVkc this," said siie, " to tiie Uisuoj) of Pris- tol ;" immediately lier cup and her hand foil together upon the salver, and sho instJiutly expired. Amid these scenes of di-^tress the venri-uble liisliop e::hibited *he lovely porti'ait of a Chritian pidlcsopher. Anin..'. c-d by the hopes whieii the religion of Jesus alone int['ires, he viewed, wi'h pious resigntitlon, the King of Terrors snatching his dear and amiable cldldrtn from his fond embrace ! Aiul, when the grim monarch levelled his dart at him, he met tiie stroke with foriitud.e, and lefr thi world in full and c-rtaiu hope of abetter. His dc:'.*h, and tiiat of lug wife and four of his children, are thus recorded on an elegant monument in Fuiluun ehureii-yaid : " RoBF.KT LowTH, Lord Bi-ie d!>abt. TXw aceunite .'dr. !*Ja>:ri, who i.- lately dv-.ul, io;)k up this (exami- nation rr.iin, ruid, bi'.iug a ]o|j;cd Scaliger's cdeiiaticn, foand rca^' !- li;' i hoivc'i' , to i;^a-; the Pa-siou of J( sis L'lirist on tile :;i.-t OS t'lo.^- ' e i;- ir. ..iuchtbe Passover fell on a l-'riday, A. 1). 'J7- ::e.cu ye'r , m-jre early tiian that which you and oar prc-ent l/ivirr^f ad'ipt^ of A. D, S6. [' It is very rcmarkai)le, and 42^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I763. In September I763 Mr. Bowyer paid a visit to his friend j\lr. Clarke at Buxted, where change of hquor and mucli in favour of this system, that Magnan, \vho probably never heard a syllable of it, concludes from medals alone, that the vulgar rera is sca en years too late. I think he says seven or eight ; but that dej)ends on a small matter, even whether you place the birth in December or January j which, though it makes in reality but a few days dilTerence, yet in dating is a whole year.' T. F.} Another great Chronologer between these two made tables likewise for the same purpose, the celebrated Mr. Dodwell, in his book De Cijclis, which serve but the more to embarrass the subject, his calculations differing from the other two. Mr. Mann should, in justice to his subject, have detected Mr. Dodwell's eirors, if they are such ; but, tiusting wholly to Scallger's computations, he did not hesitate about Dodwell's, because about a year before his death, when I hinted to him the ditference, he said he would examine it ; and I lost, by not waiting on him, as he desired I would, the residt of his exami- nation. Yours, &c. W. B." Mr. Bowyer, after this, collected the several computations of tlie Paschal Full Moons, by Roger Bacon, Joseph Scaliger, Sir Isaac Newton, Mr. Mann, Mr. Fer- guson, and F. Lamy, which are all printed in his " Conjectures on the New Testament, 17S4," 4to. p. 149. To the learned Father Boscovich Mi'. Bowyer thus addressed his thoughts on the same subject: " Vir doctissinie, Astronomus nos- tras, cui nomen Ferguson, ut detiniat annum ipsissimum quo Christus passus est, computavit quibus annis plenikmivun paschale in feria sexta hebdomadis inciderit per viginti annonun limites, intra quos omnes consentiunt eum crucifixiun esse. Deprehen- dit verb tale plenilunium accidisse sohmnnodo, A.D. .33. Per. Jul. 4746. Facilfe assensum praeberem viro in arte su^ prsestantis- simo, nisi alii viri doctissimi aliud juberent ; prsesertim Nico- laus Mann ex Scaligeri et sua computatione probare velit pleni- lunium fuisse Judere etj;im feria sext^, A. D. 26. Per. Jul. 4739. Martii 22. At si Dodwelli tabvdas I'ect^ intelligo, ne semel qui- dein per decern annos, ab A. D. 26, ad A. D. 3.5, in sexta feria paschale novilunium cecidit ; imb nee in tabulis llogeri Bacon, quamvis in eum finem tabulas composuerit. ' Multi,' inquit, ' in astronomic pcriti laboravcrant hie, ut has opposiliones solis et lunse invenirent, et non potucrunt invenire annum Passionis a XXX ad xxxv, ubi in Martio c?set oppositio in ilie Veneris, nee dies ante ojipositU^isem nee proximus post, ita ut (piod cum passione concoi'derct. Nee ego potui ixvenike adhuc' Per cyclos quosdam credo, Baconem, Scaligenun, et Dodwellum computas-te, Ferguson forsan yar insliimieutum Horarium. Sed undo sit, logo, ut onmes istos computistas ideo inter se distare, ut ex tabula istil ex illis omnibus confecta videre licet." This table is printed in the " Conjcctuics," &.c. as already men- tioned abo\e. Father Boscovich was the learned Jesuit, whose elegant Latin poem iias been mentioned in p. 333 ; the printing of 17^3-1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 427 occasioned a slight disorder, of which both Mr. Clarke and Mr. Markland take notice in their letters *. of which was undertaken^ at the solicitation of Di; jMorton, by Mr. Dodsley. But Dr. Morton, ap])rehencling perliaps that Mr. DodsTey might run too great a risk in printiiig it on his own single account, applied to Mr. Hollis to prevail with Mr. Millar to take a part with Mr. Dodsley in the publication. To this Mr. Millar agreed ; and thus tiiis poem, " which," says Mr. Hollis, " hc^.vever important in itself to all lovers of astronomy, or honourable on many accounts for the British nation, was in danger otherwise of being suppressed by dis- gust, or of being printed abroad," was given to the publick by the means of an Engllsii press. Since tliis transaction. Father Boscovich's abilities iiave Ijeen better known to the world, which has done justice to his nieiit on several occa-.ions. See " Mcmoii-s of Mr. Hollis," p. 98. Father Bo^covich was afterwards Profes- sor of Astronomy at Milan. * " I am soi'iy that you have not been so well .since you left Sussex. Believe me, it v, i- not tiie air, but tlie beer, that dis- agreed with you'. We could do very vvell vvith you in the coun- try, air and exercise would certainly be a.i advantage to you, if we could furni-h vou with pro|;ci' liquoi'. 1 doubt the incon- veniences of ijusiness may contribute something, and occasion part of tlie attrition that so sensibly atleets your inside. But the.se are maladies vou will never get rid of. Aider non Jit, Av'ite, liber." Mr. Chirke to Mr. Bowijer, dated Nui:.2, IJGii. *' What befell you at Buxted is a common case, owing to a great relaxation of the fashionable nervous sy.-tem. The late Duke of Marlborough (Cuurchill) liad it to a gieat degree, iusojnuch that the hero ofun crK-d like a child. [' From Marlb(jrough's eyes the tears of dotage flow.' Dr. Johnsons luidtij of IIuhuul UlsJies. ' See him oppressed. Bathed in unmeaning, unrepenting tears.' Pote.] I suppo.'se this was the ease of Heraclitus too ; who, it is said, always wept when he went out oi' lioors. They give it a philo- sophical turn, and say, that ^le wejit at the follies of mankind. But tlien I do not see wl'.v he .-.iioi.'d not have wept within doors as well as wiiliuut. JM\;>nal's remark on it is droll enough, " Mirnndinn est, unde ille nctills srrr'con'it humor." I often wish, however, tliat we had a colleciion of I'u! fragments of this .cry- ing Piiilosopiier ; for from what f have seen of his, he -eems to have been a .-itrange, ser-ib'e, out-of-lhe-way man, and very much superior to hi.5 fjrethi'en the ani!''nt Piiilo-o|)!ier.s. The weather, I fancy, vv'ill soon break, ;is 1 Ju Igc from the barome- tei': ."O that I do no', much ".;jeet to .^le ;,ou, und will (o!ni)ouud willi \o',i if y(;u will sen.l \v\ tlie two cm udutions on tlie Sap- plices iind that on ('iemiii- .\!c\;ui('i iou-;. Vou need oidy (o meiition wbat Mr. Toup read-, wiiiiO'U t;iving yourself liie trouble (;r sending the M a- on-^ or iirooTs. He has a co lieeture on Iphii;euia in Aulide, wlilcli i.^ conlirmed by two vejv y:; )d ' Mss. 488 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^3. In a letter to Mr. Pegge, March 10, I763, Mr. Bowyer says, " I have desired Bathurst to send you *The Causes of Declension of the Roman Empire;* to which (in I739) I wrote a Prefoce, which may serve for any book, and was at first only designed to lengthen this. But I had no concern in the translation, and no property in the book. How- ever, if you see any mistakes in the Preface, I shall be glad to be informed of them for truth's sake. Nay, you shall see, I will provoke you to it." (He then proceeds to animadvert on a MS note of Mr. Pegge's.) 17^4. In this year Mr. Bowyer printed, *' Lectures on Natural and Revealed Relicrion, read in the Chapel of St: John's College, Cambridge, by James Tunstall, D. D. sometime Chaplain to Dr. Potter, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Vicar of Rochdale in Lancashire, 4to. Published by Sub- scription, for the Benefit of the Author's Family." *' Some Specimens of the Poetry of the antient Welsh Bards, translated into English; with explana- tory Notes on the historical Passages, and a short Account of the Men and Places mentioned by the Bards ; in order to give the Curious some Idea of the Taste and Sentiments of our Ancestors, and their Manner of Writing, by the Rev. Mr. Evan Evans, Curate of Llanvair 1 alyhaern in Denbighshire," 4to. Mr. Costard * on the Fail of the Stone in j3^gos- potamos, 4to. MSS. and Is iTiOst ccrtaln.Iy wrong; and yet, were I to ])ublish that pliiy, I v.ould publish it as he has conjectured, though I know it to be false; but it has the authority of I\1SS. and it is Greek, ^'.hich (he vulgar reading is not. He finds fi\ult with Mr. Pierson, who I believe is right, and who knew what he was about; and yet Mr/i oup's conjecture, which was obvious enough, and 1 do not doubt was seen by Mr. Pierson, could not be true, had it been confh'u.ed by twenty MSS. But Mr. Tou]) lias not gone far enough in the old Tragedians to know that ; Mr. Pier- son had. J. Marklakd." * George Costard, whose Oriental and Astronomical Learning is too well Unown to need au encomium^ wai born about 17 10; and 17^4.] THE EIGHTEENTH CSNTURY. 49 " The Ruins of Netley Abbey," a Poem, by Mr. Keate, 4to. and in or before 1726 was entered of Wadham college, Oxford j where he took the degree of M. A. June 28, 1733, and became a fellow of that Society, and tutor there. In several of his books Mr. Costard has written his name and college, of this date ; and in some of them, " ex dono M. Freke nepoti suo Geo. Costard, Wadh. Coll. 1726," The fellows of Wadham hold their fellowships for a limited number of years. His first ecclesiastical preferment was the cunicy of Islip in Oxfordshire. He published, 1 . " Critical Observations on some Psalms, 1733," 8vo. [Query, if not under the following title, " A Sj)ecimen of a new Translation of the Book of Psalms ; with Critical Obsei-vations upon several obscure Passages in it. By a Gent, of Wadham College, Oxf. Lond. 1733." 4to, pp.32.] 2. "A Critical Dissertation concerning the Words Aamty and At/xoo, occasioned by Two late Enquiries into the Meaning of Dtemoniacks in the New Testament. In a Letter to a Friend. By a Gentleman of Wadham College, Ox- ford. Lond. 1738." 8vo. 3. " A Letter to Martin Folkcs, esq. President of the Royal Society, concerning the Rise and Pro- gress of Astronomy among the Antients," 1746, 8vo. His name is signed at the conclusion of this learned and ingenious Letter, though not inserted in the title-page. 4. " Some Observations tending to illustrate the Book of Job, and in particular the Words, / know that my Redeemer liveth, &c. Job xix. 25, 1747," 8vo. " The composition under coj^isideration," says Mr. Costard, " is an e.xalted and regular piece of Eastern poetry, and of the dramatic kind. The persons s;;caking are, Eiiphaz, Eildad, and Zophar; who regularly take" their turns va the debate, wiiich is upon a questitm no less important than how ' to vindicate the ways of God to men.' What methods are pursued by them, in order to do ths, does not at present foil under my desip;n to ob- serve. 'Tis ap])arent, however, that their several answers to Job's pleas may be looked (m as three di::>tir.ct acts. The.^e re- plications and rejoinders continue to tlie 32d ciiapter, v/here Elihu begins the share he takes in the conference. This lirlngs U3 to the 38th chapter, which concludes the fourth act, when the Deity ai)pears, and closeth the schuc in the fifth. I will not say, that this is the first Traj^edy tliat v.-c know of as extan.t in the world, or that any Easton productions of this nature laid the foundation of the Greek Suii?:e. It may not be improj)er to ob.serve, however, that two rules laid down by a very great Master of the Art of I'oelry are exactly nniiitaincd. It is not, aa was said, " quinto produclior acta; nor is God introduced, 'till it Ijccomes " dignub vindice nodus. The narration at the beginning and end may be looked on as the Prologue and Epilogue; and the unrt a:-signed Jou's wife seems intended for a sliort and rcli(u.d satire on thuse tliat, with- 430 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [I764. *'^ An Account of the First Settlement of the Ces^\(re.'f, a People of South America," [by Mr. James Burgh], 8vo. without proper accomplishments or abilities, impertinently in- terpose their judgments in subjects of the highest importance, and which it is impossible they should luiderstand f . But, if this is a proper representation of the case, will it not be a farther proof of the lateness of the composition ? Poetry, no doubt, such as il was, must ha\e been of very antient original. But then it seems to have been confined for a long time to songs, short hymns, panegyricks, and the like ; rather taught and treasured up in the memory, like those of the Druids, than coiuniiited to writing. Regular poems must have been owing to leisure, education, and the establishment of schools and aca- demies. There men pf letters, and lovers of retirement, might without interruption give scope to their fancy, and cultivate its suggestions into an orderly well-digested system. 'Twas then, and not before, that abstiuse metaphysical subjects began to employ men's thoughts, and which were by every one treated according to his different inclination and abilities." Annexed to these Observations is " The Third Chapter of Habukkuk, paraphrastically translated into English Verse," by Mr. Costard, some years before, for his own amusement. 5. "A Farther Account of the Rise and Progress of .\stronomy amongst the Antients j, in I'hree Letters to Martin Folkes, Esq. Pi'esi- dent of the Royal Society. By the Author of the First, 1748," 8vo. The immediate subjects of these Letters were, the Chal- daean Astronomy, the Constellations in the Book of Job, and the Mythological Astronomy of the Antients. 6. *' Two Disser- tations : L containing an Enquiry into the Meaning of the W^ord Kes it ah, mentioned in Job, chap.xbi.ver.il. In which is endeavoured to be proved, that though it most probably there stands for the Name of a Coin, yet that there is no reason for sup})osing it stamped with any Figure at all, and therefore not with that of a Lamb in particular, II. On the Signification of the Word Hermes ; in which is explained the Origin of the Custom, among the Greeks, of erecting Stones called Henna; ; together with some other Particulars, relating to the Mytliology of that People, l/yO," 8vo. These Dissertations were inscribed to his friend Professor Hunt. In the conclusion of them, Mr. Costard observes, " The study of the Oriental languages seems to be gt'ining ground in Europe everyday; and, provided the Greek and Liitin are equally cultivated, we may arrive in a few years at a greater knowledge of the antient world than may be f- " The next person in, the drama is Job's wife. She acts a short part indeed, but a very spirited one. Curse Cod, savs she, and die. Tender and pious ! Ho might see by tliis specimen of his wife what he was to expect from his friends. The Devil, we are told, tempted Job, but he seems to have taken possession of his wife," &c. Bishop TVarbiirto7i . X On this most curious subject, see Messrs. 'jentil, Bailly, &c. T. F. 1764.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 43 1 " An Essay on Painting, written in Italian, by Count Algarotti, F. R S. F. S. A." 12mo. expected, or can be imagined. But, without this foundation, I may venture to pronounce, from the little experience I have had, that all will be darkness and perplexity. It is beginning at the wrong end, which can never be attended with success in any thing. It may not, perhaps, be improper to add, before I have done, that for such researches a.s these I have here been speaking of, few places, if any, in Europe, are so well adapted as the University of Oxford." [Tliese Dissertations were attacked by in " Marginal Observations thereon, 1750," 8vo.] 7. " Dissertationes II. Critico-Sacrae ; quarum prima explicatur Ezek. xiii. 18 ; altera verb 2 Reg. x. 22. 1753," bvo, [The latter of these was re-jiublished under the title of " A Dissertation on 2 Kings x. 22, translated from the Latin of Rabbi C d, with a Dedication, Preface, and Postscript, Critical and Explanatory, by the Translator, 8vo, 1752." In the Preface and Dedication, Mr. Costard is attempted to be placed in a ver\ ludicrous hght.] 8. His " Letter to Dr, Shaw, on the Chinese Chronology a)Ki Astronomy", is printed in Phil. Trans. No. 483, p. 477. 9. "A Letter on'a Fiery Meteor, seen July 14, 1745," ib. No. 477:. p. 522 (observed by 'aim near Stanlake Broad, in returning from his living). 10. "Letter to Dr. Bevis, concerning the Year of the Eclipse foretold by Thale';,'? Phil. Trans, vol. XLVIII. p. 17. H. '' Letter on an Eclipse men- tioned by Xenophon." Ib. p. 155. 12. "A Letter on the Ages of Homer and Hesiod." Ib. p. 441. At the end of article 7. was announced what appeared in 17C5, in 4to, under the title of (13.) "The Use of Astronomy in History and Chronologv, e.t- emplified in an Enquiry into the Fall of the Stone into ^'Lgospo- tamos, said to be foretold by Anaxiigoras. In whicli is at- tempted to be shewn, that Anaxagora-i did not foretell the Fall of that Stone, but the solar Eclipse in the first Year of the Pelo- ponnesian War ; that what he saw was a Comet at the Fime of the B.ittle of Salamis y and that this buttle was probably fouglft the year before Christ 478 ; or two Years later than is commonly fixed by Chronologers." 14. " Tlie History of Astronomv, with its Application to Geography, History, and Chronology, occasi- onally exemplified by the Glcjbes, 1767," 4to. 15. "Astronomi- cal and Pliilological Conjectures on a Passage in Homei-, 17<38," 4to. 16. " A Letter to Nathaniel Brassey Halhed J, esfj. con- taining some Remarks on his Preface to the Code of (Jcntoo Laws lately published, 1778," Svoj [a letter evidently dictated, not by the " spirit of criticism," but by the love of truth, and for * "To this gentlc-mrm tlie ptiblick is ipdelited for "A Gr.immar of the Bengal Laiiguas^e, ])riiitcd at Hoof^ly in liciig'al, 177^," 'Jvo; which is a remarkable curiosity in typo^rapliy; tlic JJenfjal types used in it having' been inf oni])arably well cut by Mr. Wilkiiis, at that time in the East India Comjiany's civil service at that settlement, and now the Librarian and Keeper of the Consjjany's Museum at the East-India House in LrfiadeiihaU-stfeet. which 432 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7<54. Two editions of " Dialogues on the Uses of Foreign Travel*;: [by Mr. Hurd,"] 8vo. "A Letter to the Rev. Dr. Thomas Leland-^, Fel- low of Trinity College, Dublin. In which his late which Mr. Costard deserved the thanks of every friend to Reve- lation.] An Essay, by Mr. Costard, on the " Sphaera Barharica" is in the Britisln Museum. In June, 1764, he obtained the \icai-age of Twickenham in Middlesex, by the favour of Lord Chancellor Northington : Bishop Terrick, wlio held it in com' mendain with the see of Peterborough, having vacated it by his translation to that of London. He died Jan. 10, 1782. His li- brary, Oriental MSS. and philosophical instruments, were sold by auction by Mr. Paterson March 19 21. * " Sinte Sunday last, I have been able to think of nothing with satisfaction. I shall now return, with some composure, to my books, and the finishing my two Dialogues on lYavelling, oi", as they almost pretend to be called, on Education. I have taken the gieatei- pleasure in composing them, from the fancy that they may one day be of some xise to my friend Ralph. And to this end I confess I have the ambition to have these papers pass through the hands of Mrs. Warburton } and, if I may pre- sume so far, to make a convert of her to my ])arty : for at f)re- sent I should not think it sti'ange if she inclined to think favour- ably of so prevailing a practice." Mr. Hurd to Bp. Warburton, Feb. 10, 1763, f "A letter to Dr. Lelttnd, of Dul>lin, in defence (jf me, which has just fallen into my hands, is so sulmirable, that I think I certainly know the hand, and that it could be nobody's but ) ours. I do not judge of the author by his style, though I think that detects him, but because nobody else could write so ; or if they could, that nobody else was so well disposed to do me justice and honour. This then nmst be one of your tricks to serve your friend, clandestinely and by stealth ; but you see I have detected you. But I will say no more till you confess and plead guilty." Bp. Warburton to Mr. Hurd, Oct. 15, 1764. "You are a pleasant fellow; but don't fancy you have escaped nie. You will think it odd, but I will assure you, that on the first reading of the Pamphlet I was as demonetrativtly certain of the Author, as if I had stood behind him, and seen his trenchaiit quill move despe- rately along contrary to all the rales of good penmanship. I knew the hand that defended elovon-tongucs, had no cloven- foot, though he supposed he walked invisibly." Ibid. Oct. IS, 1764. " I will not tell you how much you have obliged me in this correction of Lcland. You never wrote any thing in your life in which your critical acumen and elegant manner more shone. About a fortnight or thiee weeks ago, our fi-iend Colonel Harvey called on us for a few days in his way to Ireland, whither he is going to take possession of a regiment of horse, which the King has given him instead of his dragoons. I put the Famjfhlet into his hands, only telling him that I was not in the 1 764.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 433 Dissertation on the Principles of human Eloquence is criticized; and the Bishop of Gloucester's Idea of the Nature and Character of an inspired Language, as dehvered in his Lordship's Doctrine of Grace, is vindicated from all the Objections of the learned Author of the Dissertation." [By Mr. Hurd], 8vo. " Mr. Shenstone's * Essays on Men, Manners, and Things," being the first volume of his Works, 8vo. " Observations on the Four Gospels ; tending chiefly, to ascertain the Times of their Publication ; and to illustrate the Form and Manner of their Composition. By the Rev. Dr. Henry Owen-j-, Rec- tor of St. Olave in Hart-street, and F. R. S." 8vo. the secret of its writing; but that, whoever was the author, he would see it was one of the finest pens in England. I desired him to get it re-printed in Dul)lin, which he said he would do with the gi'eatest satisfaction and pleasure. This I think but a proper return for Leland's favour in London." Ibid. Nov. 8, 1764. * Of Mr. Shenstone, besides tlie Life by Dr. Johnson, a good account has been given, from authentic information, in Dr. Nash's "History of Worcestershire," vol. L pp. 531 534. f The Rev. Ilenry Owen, M.D. F. R. S. was the son of a gent tlenian of good estate, whose house was situated at the foot of Mount Caddar-eddris, near Dolgelley, in Merionethshire, where his sou Heniy was born in I7I6'. He was brought \ip at Rutiiin -school, in Denbighshire ; and was entered of Jesus college, Oxfoid, at the age of 19; where he proceeded M. A. 1743; He was ordained deacon and priest in 1746', at the usual age; but took the degree of bachelor in Physic ; which he practised for about three years, whilst he held a curacy in Gloucester- shire; but neither his feelings nor liis health would suffer him to continue the profession. After ofhciating some time as curate to ]\]r. Thoresby at Stoke Newingion, he became chaplain t(j Sir .Matthew Featherstonhaugh, bv v\honi he was presented, in 175'2, to the vicarage of Terling in Essex. In 1753 he com- pleted his degree of doctor in Piiysic ; but gave himself wholly up to the study of Divinity ; anr! they wiio have searched the deepest into the tioith of Revela'ion will be the best .judges of the e.x.tent of his knowlclge. He resigned Terling iu IJCtO, upon obtaining the rectory of St Olave, Hart-street j to which he was presented by Thomas Dinrley, esq. and others, trustees of f^ir Andrew llickard. So.tn afier which period he bicime chaplain to the Hon. and l-.ev. j)r. Shiite Uarrinsc'ou (then I'ishop of Landaff, and nr;w Bishop of Durham) iVoui W'luJin he recirived, in 1775, tlio \i'.'ara;.'e of Fdmonton, ti'ien in liis gift as one of the CiUions-r<'side;t..ary of St. P-iul's. Sept. 3, \'oL. H. V X- 17 -JO, 454 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l/^^^. " Th''" Song of Solomon, newly translated from the on;i!iKil i lebrew.. with a Conimeiiiary and Aunoiationfj" [by Dr/Iliomas Percy], small 8vo, 1760, he married PJary ibe nongh'er of Dr. Butts (first bishop of Nonvich, ami atier^-- ards of Eiy) ; who ;mrvivc(i him. l)r Owen died Oct. 14, 179>^. i" the bOlh year of his age ; leaving one son, Henry- ButtsOwen, to whom hehadresigneuthelivingof St.OIave's in April 1794, and five daughters. His principal publications were, " Harmonia Tiigononiotrica; or, a. ^hort Treatise on Trigononietiy, 17-iS," 8%o; "Observations on Scripture Miracles, 1/55," Svoj and " Observations on the Four Gospels, 1764," 8vo j " Direction'? to young Students hi Divinity, 1*60, ' 8vo; "An Enquiry into the Septuagint Version, 1769," 8vo; " The Intent and Proj)riety of the Scripture Miracles considered and explained, in a Stories of .Sermons preached in the Parish Church of St. iNIary-le-Bow, IJGi), 1770, 1771, 177'2, at the Boyle's Lectures, 'iJ vols. 1773," 8vo; an accurate edition of (irabe's Collation of the celebrated Cottonian MS. of Genesis (since buint) with the^'atican, 1778, 8vo. [Magnus Crusius had, among other collations, a copy of the Collation of the Cotton MS. with the Alexandrian by Grabe, for which Dr. Owen applied, by Sir John Pringle, to Miehaelis ; who answered, that Magnus Crusius's on, minister of Barue, near Diepholt, had them, and others, which he wished to sell, but asked no prit(\ Miehaelis wanted the Doctor to otter 3 but retained tin; letter about him, probably becav.~e Keimicot, having worked his two collations of the same Hebrew !\1S. dift'ering from each other, he had tak(-a otlence at the Eriglish. He applied to Sir .lohn J'ringle for Home on the Croup, a disoi'uer much in Germany, of which his daughter had died, through the acknowledged ignorance of her physician Schrader ; but Home's book and the subject were known to tiiem Iw the Engii:-hMaiiazines. K. G.'] "Ci'iticaSacra ; or, a short Introduction to Hebrew^ Criticism, 1774," 8vo ; a .Supplement to it, in answer to sonie Remarks on it by Mr. Raphael Bmiih, a Ifarutxi Jew ; " E^say on Scriptiu'e Miracles, 177^;" ' A brief .Account, historical and critical, of the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament ; to w iiich is added, A Dissertation on the comjjarative lixcellcnev of the Hebrew and Samaritan F<_'ntateuch, 1787/ Svo. In 1785 he publi.-hed the octavo ((li- tion of Xeno])hon's "Memorabilia," left laifiiiisiied by Dr. Edw ird ICdwanls, of .le^us college, Oxford, who h;ul only lived to print the text and version. His ia-t ])ublication, "The AhMios of Quo- tation u^ed by the Evangelical V\ riters explained and vindicated, 1789," 4to, was honoured with a list of .^ub.scrilxrs .so numerous and so respectable, as to shenv fully the sense entertained of Dr. Owen's nierit by the most eminent literary ehaiaelers of the age. .'V simitar mark of respect was posthumously paid to his memor\, bv a still more ample subscjuption to a volume of his v'^ermoiii for the beui'lit of his dau^'hter-s ; which produced a ilwu./' P- 113); " Remarks on the Time employed on Ctesar's two Exj)ediiions into Britain" (Arch- seologia, vol. II. p. 159). He published the second edition of Rowland's "Mona Antiqua/' l/GG, corrected in language and matter, with the addition of notes by the late ingenious I^wis Morris. Most of these works were printed by Mr. Bowyer, or his successor. Mr. Bowyer's connexion with Dr. Owen is pro- perly acknowledged in the learned Printers Will, by the legacy of 100/. and such of his Hebrew books and critical Books on the Aew Testament, as he pleased to take. As an instance of grateful return, the Editor of the "Conjectures on the New Testament, 1784, ' assures us, " that he should not have presumed to venture on a task of so much importance as well as difficulty, if he had not been encouragei! throughout by the unremitted labour and friendship of Dr. Owen, whose regard for the memorj' of Mr. Bowyer, and distinguished zeal for the interests of Sacred Literature, prompted him not only to enrich the volume with a considerable number of new notes, but also kindly and attentively to superintend the correction of the whole. [Of this valuable Work a copy which remained in the Doctor's library, pre[)arcd for a new edition, has been pre- sented by Bp. Barringl(m to Mr. Nichols, who is now engaged in printing a new edition of the ''Conjectures;" and who, in 1783, insciibcd to Dr. Owen an excellent quarto edition of IMr. Bowyer's Greek Testament " ips'uis auxilio conci)uiKtam."'\ Dr. Owen had, through his long and useful life, no other preferment than the \ icanige of Edmonton, and the living of St. Olave's ; but he had a truly great and pious frame of mind. In biblical eiudition he W!is at h;a.-t equal, j)erhaps superior^ to mos"t of his contempor- arit's; and his worth, talents, and piety, will transmit his name to the latest posterity. * To the Life of Dr. Akenside which has appeared in the first volume of the ' Biograjhia," and the additions preli\ed to the -econd, I shall add, fiom Dr. Johnson, that the Discourse on the Dv-ci Pairy, born in Bury-street, St. James's, in 1722,- was admitted a scholar at Wcstmiiister in 1736 ; whence, in 1740, i;e was elected a student of Christ Chui-ch, Oxford ; v. here he took the degree of SLA. March 31, 1747; B. D. May 25. 1754 ; and 1). J). Jvdy 8, 17'57. lie took his Doctor's degree at Cambridge. He was ap])ointcd cliaplain to L(>rd Vere, June 7,> I7 5()j preacher at Market Harborough, it) Leicestershire, in 17.";4; and in 175() was presented, by Ricliard Fleming, esq. to the rectory of Wichampton, ia Dorsetshire. He married, De- cember 31, 1757, Mary-Aiine, eldest daughter of Admh'al Gas- t:oigiie, by whom he had nine children, of whom fi\e sons and two daiigliters suivived liim. (VA'illiam Gasco'gne, esq. brother to Mvs.Pariy, v.as })atron of Wichampton in I7SO.) He was for several years in the commission of the peace for the county of Leicester > and wu.s much esteemed both as an able and active inagi- 17^4.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 437 ' Sermons on various Subjects. By John Brown, D. D. Vicar of Newcastle," 8vo. The second edition of Hudibras, by Dr. Z. Grey. magistrate, and as a learned Divine. Ke died at Market Har- borough, Aprils, 1780, aged 58 j and was buried at St. RIary in j\i'den (the motlier churcli to Harborough), with this epitaph: " Here are inteiTcd the remains of the Reverend Richard Parry, D. D. rector of Wichanipton m Dorsetshire, and (for hventij-six years) minister of this parish. He died April 9, 1780, in the 58th year of his age. In c(lo qides." His publications were, 1 . " The Christian Sabbath as old as the trealion. 17.53," 4to. 'i. " The Scripture Account of the Lord's Supper. The Substance of Three Sermon? preached at Market Harboiough, 1755," 8vo. 3. " The Fig Tree dried uj); or the Story of that remarkable Transaction, as it is related by Mark, considered in a new Light, explained and vindicated. In a Let- ter to 1758," 4to. 4. " A Defence of the Lord I3ishop of London's [Sherlock] Interpretation of the fiimous Text in the Book of Job, ' 1 know that my Redeemer liveth,* and against the Exceptions of the Bishop of Gloucester [War- burton], and the Examiner of the Bislxjp of London's Prin- ciples ; with occasional Remarks on the Argument of the Divine Legation, so far as this Point is concerned with it, 17G0," 8vo. 5. " Dissertation on Daniel's Prophecy of the Seventy Weeks, 172," 8vo. " This Dissertation," the Author tells us, "was published with a view (;f its being serviceable to the Jew, the Deist, and Christian. The foiiner acknowledg-es tlie authority of the Scriptures which foretell the Messiah ; the latter confesses also the accomplishment of tho->e Scriptures in the person of Jesus ; the other believes neither. To^ each of these Daniel's prediction of the Weeks, if rationidly explained, and impartially attended to, may perhaps be of use. The Jew may fiom thence be con\inced that Jesus, notwithstajiding his suffnings, was the Messiah ; the Christian will be coulirmed in this fiuth ; and the Deist, if open to conviction, may be led to acknowledge that the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." 6. " Rcmurks on Dr. Kennicott's Letters, tkc. 176'3,' 8vo. 7. "An A|)peal to Reason, concerning a Proiecutioii in the Archdeacon's. ( ourt at I.,eieester, 170'4," 8vo. This little Pamphlet related to a di.sjmte between two of his parishioners, in 17^0, concerning a |(ew in Harborough chapel. 8. " The Case l)etween Gerizim and Ebal, &c. 1704," 8vo. y. ".An Harmony of tiic Four Gosjicls, so far as relates to the History of our .Savioui's Resurrection, vvilii ;i Com- mentary and Notes, 17(>5," 4to. 10. " The (ienealogy of Jesus Christ, in iMatthew and Luke, explained; and tlie Jevvi.^i, ob- jections removed, 1771," 8\o. 11. "An Attempt to demon- strate the iMessiahship of Jesui from the i'ropheiic Ili>tuj-y ;uid Chronology of Messiah's Kuigdom iu Duuiei^ 177''/' 8vo. r2. "Oc 438 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^4 " The antient Right of the Enghsh Nation to the Auierican Fisliery, and its various Diminutions ; examined and stated. With a Map of the Lands, Islands, Gulphs, Seas, and Fishing-Banks, com- prising the whole. Humhly inscribed to the sin- cere Friends of the British Naval Empire." 4to, ' Filial Piety*, a Poem ;" by John Carr, Master of the Free-School at Hertford. " A Ciiarge delivered to the Clergy of the Arch- deanry of Berks at the late Visitation in May 17.64. By VV.I)odweHf,D.D. Archdeacon of Berks." 8vo. 12. " Occasional Strictures upon a Thins: cfUled Memoirs of thq late contestetl Election, 1776"," 4to. [lliis was a pamphlet by Dr. Heathcote^ of Sileby, under the title of " Memoirs of the late contested election for the County of Leicester ; or, a new Triumphal Arch erected in Honour of \ ictory obtained fiom that Conquest by the true old Interest, By a Freeholder of J^eicester, 1775," Svoj and was printed apparently to amuse and divert a few friends, and without ai y determined })urpose of biing pub- lished 3 but, gettir.g abroad and coming to be universally known of by a pam{)hlet published against it by the late Rev. Mr. Gieen- away ; Dr. Heathcote judged it expedient to send it forth at large. He prefixed, hoAvever, an advertisement, by way of apology for so doing ; and speaks of it therein as little more than a jeu dt'Sprlt. It is remarkable that Dr. Heathcote takes no notice of this Pamphlet in the " Memoiis of his own Life" pre- fixed to the last edition of his " Irenareh," in 17H1. Mr. Grcen- away's pamphlet was called " Remarks on the Memoirs of the late contested Election for the County of Leicester: in a Letter to a Friend. To which are addetl, 1. A Song, called tue F;am- land Voters; 2. The Letters relating to t]\e Imposture \ canted at Nether Broughton; 3. VVlio is Leicestrensis ? a Dialogue, 1775." 8vo.] * A mock-heroic, not altogether destitute of humour. Dull- ness is the Parent to whom I\lr. Carr ad(h'e.-ses himself. \ Son of the very leained and reverend Henry Dodvvell, M.A. (sometime Camden Piofessor of History at Oxfoi'd, vvhence he, was, in 1691, ejected for Nonconformity). He was born at Shottesbrook, Berks, June 17, 1709; and edueaied at Trinity college, Oxford ; where he took the degree of M. A. June S, 17:3';^. He was an orthodox Divine, and a celebrated Pi-ea- cher ; and several of his Sei-mons, both single and collected, are in j)rint. Of these, I shall entleav(jur to preser\e the titles. 1. He published, " Two Sermons preached before the Uni- versitv of Oxford, on the Eternity of future Punislmients, against Mr. Whiston"s\o5i(ms;" 2Thess. i 79; 1743. 2. " The De- sireablei^ess of the Christiaji Faith," preached at Reading, at the Triennial Visitation of Dr. Thomas blicrlock, then Bishop of Salisn 17^4-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 439 When Mr. Ton son had undertaken to publish ^' Tiie Tatler," " Spectator/' &c. with notes by Salisbury, 1 Pet. i. 8 ; 1744. 3. " The Nature, Procedure, Ex- tent, Value, and EtFects, of a rational Faith con>^id{.red," in two Sermons before the University; [which seem evidently le- veled against Christianity not fuunded on Argument +] ;" 1 Pet. iii. 15; 1745. 4. " The Practical Influence of the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity," 2 Cor. xiii. 14. a Sermon before the Univer- sity, June 9, 1745. 5. "The Nature, Extent, and Support, of Human Laws," an Assize Sermon, March 8, 1749-50; Rom. xiii. 3. 6'. "lite Importance of the Christian Faith illustrated, ui the Explanation (jf St. Pauls VMeh of beinj^ accused by his Brethren, ' before the University, Jan. '26, 1752; Rom. ix. 3. 7. "The Nature, Mischiefs, and Remedy, of Saper-litlou, illustrated," in two Sermons before the Univeisily, Feb. 17, 1754; Psalm xxxi. 7- H. " Tiie equal and impartial Disciiarge of Justice, v. ith re- spect both to the Guilty and Innocent, recommended ;" pieached at St. Mary's, Oxfoid, at the Assizes, before the Judges, Jidy 16", 1755; Prov. xvii. 15. 9. "The sinful Christian eon\icted by his own IVayers," preached at West Ham, Luke xix. 22. 1755. 9. "The Doctrine of the Divine Visitation by Earthquakes, illus- trated, confirnied, ami applied, in two Sermons, on the Fast-day, and on the preceding Sunday ; Laiah xxix. (>. 175^J." 10. Be- fore tiie Sons of the "cicrgy, Jcr. xlix. 10; 17W). II. At the Consecration of Dr. Jotm Thomas, Bij^hop of Salisbiuy ; Tit. i. 7 9; 1757. 12. "The false \Vitnc:-s i-e])rovc'd, an Assi/.e Sermon, at St. .'\Iarys, Oxford, March 3, 1758; Exod. xiii. 1." 13. At the Annual Meeting of the Charity Schools, Psalm xxxiv. 1 1 ; 1758. 14. " The Doc'.rine of a i)arlicul:ir Providence stated, confirmed, defended, and apphetl ;" in two Sermons before the Univcr.-iity, April2(), i/fit); Psalrnxwiii. 13 15. 15. In Lambeth Cliapel, at tiic Coiiscv ration of Dr. Ciiailes .Moss, Lord Bishoj) of St. Diuid'v, April .50, 17'"''". UI. At Salisbury, before the (iovcr- nor? oftJK'Cicneial lii''.;in'irv, at their second .Anniversary, Sept. i;', 17''8; Prov.\i\. 17. ije pidtUshcd al^o a volume of " Practical Discouists on Moi;'.! Miljjict-: in 17 IH; a si'cond in 17-L*; and a * By sonir- ^tr.mi^e (ivtrii;ht, thu t !';;'( (;':>.iii:(l " (.'hiisli.iiiitv not touiulcd ill Arsruiin lit" was att rituili il to An hcU ;uon Ddduill, in ('.:)U..^i,i!^. vrl. L\ . \>. lOOo. }5itt tlic error \\;is jrojiiMly (orricu 1; in \i)l. i.,\ 1. ]>]<. '.v2, '.V), \:',.\. The tiMideiic} of tli.'.l Ijonk !.i Iul: to iii.;in' ifc, rh'i.t Cliri^ii.iiiity ii iouiKiid on i;o ar'^innciit.s of ti--iiii cii' r'-:i--ini, In n\\ t';nrii ; whicli lii-' aiulior n- (!c';i\ ours to ir.,ik(' ridi'iilon^, anrl (1( lia-".; to a U( ak ci'ediiliry ; tliis would he siifTifiiMit to ]>ro.'' tl.at I>r. J)oi'.ucii ;i)Kid nut he (lie .author of sni h a work. liut tin- laal aii'.lior \\:i, liiiivv l^'odwtdl, i-(|. In'otiuT to tht; .Vrciiili'arcn wlio nad laa u of Mai;,!,! ak i'. 'olii-;;!', ()\lur(\ : \\hicli prohaijiy occa-iionrd tin- mi-: ai^c. 'I'lu: Ai.' .'o; (, " (jli-crvatioiis on a i'anijihli t ininulcd ('111 i-;tianit V n7 lie published, "The Sick Man' -s Companion ; or, the Clergyman's Assistant in visiting the Sick ; with a preliminaiy Dissertation on Prayer, l7(J7j " ^"^o ; and was the author (I know- not in what yeai) of " A Dissertation on Jephtha's Vow." He died Oct. '23, ITJ^o, in his 75th year. His private c'on\ ersations, and the manners of his domestic life, were al\va:ys found to cor- respond with those piir.ciples, which, as a champion of oar truly orthodox Chmch, he had ever maintained in the pulpit, and frequently published in his works. * Tliis punch book was Mr. AVagstaffe's Annotations, of which much use was made in the edilitni of the Tatler, in 6 vols. 178(>. f Daniel V\ ray, esq. imiversallv respected as a scdiolar and a gentleman, wiis educated at the Charter House, and at Queen's college, Cambiidge. His father was Sir Daniel Wray. knt. for- nicrly a soaj)-b()ilcr in I-^mdon, and one of the sheriffs of that city in 17. . ; but, retiring from business, ho ifsided in Charter House-square; and his nieniory is still reflected on with a de- gi'ee of pleasure by some ('luUnisdaia pcrpnuclsX) who can revive the long-buried ideas of \a hat pas^^ed at that school about the year 1710 c)r 17; when Sir Daniel was always ready, if any body was wanted, to beg a hulf-holiday on Tuesday afternoons. In his early days Mr. Wray matle the tour of France and Italv, ^vith two respectable fiicnds, the son of Lord Ciianccllor King, and the Earl of Morton ; and there is a large cop|)er medallion of him, in a Roman mantle, a striking rcj)resentatiou in profile, with his own hair in the antique form, inscribed, Danikl Wkay AvcLVa. yT^T. XXIV. Excrguc, 1/'-^', (^.Pozzo V. Rev. NIL ACTVM KKi'VTANS SI ttVID S VrKKKSSl.T AGI.NDVM. He was elected V. A. S. 1 710- 1 , and was one of t lie vice-jn'osidenls. He was als(j a Fellow of tlu.' lloval Society; anf>; and *' i!xtracts from dif- ferent JjCttcrs from Rome, giving an Account of the Discovei-y of a most beautifid Statue of Venus dug up there 170*1." He married, late in life, the (laughter of Darell, esq. of Rich- mond, sister to Robeit Darell, e.-q. sub-governor of l lie South- Sea-house ; but continued a member of (}uecn"s College till his death, which happened Dec. 19, 17^4, in his 8*2(1 year. Amongst other legacic s, he ga\c the rcA'crsion of 5('0/. a year to the Rev. Mr. Jeffreys after the death of Mrs. Wray ; whicli happened at Richmond, Surrey, in ]\Iay 1803, a't. 78. Her Taste for the line aits was no loss extensive than her husband's, })articularly in painting; her landscapes, e\en at a very advanced peri(;(l of hei- life, will bear the test of criticism, and are truly worthy the athniration of ib.e eonnoisseiu' in that sj)ecies of painting. AmoniT't her numejous l)eijuests, the town of Rich- mond, for its alms-houses, is iiuleijted to her nmnificence for 1500/. Mr. Wray left his library at her disjxtsal ; and she, know- ing his attachment to the C barter- house, where he had received his education, and of which at the time of his death he was sU])- posed to have been the eldest scholar, made the (iovernois an offer of it ; which was thankfully accepted ; and a room was fitted 17^4.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 443 " 2. You may observe what elegant compositions have been occasionally formed out of the Spectators since they were first published ; being- not only a pattern of good writing, but affording even mate- rials for it. Mr. Richardson's Pamela is no other than the story in vol. V. No. 375. And perhaps it appears witli as much advantage in its original brevity, as in its diffused length of a volume. Mr. Pope's Letter of" E!oisa to Abelard is fairly taken from the original ; but the story was first pointed out, and beautifully told, in Spectator, vol. II. p. 164, under the characters of Constantia and The- odf'sius. Many more, I suppose, may be found, which owe their birth to the Spectators. " 3. In vol. IV. No. 253, Mr. Addison, while he is commending Mr. Pope, says, ' This beautiful distich upon Ajax puts nie.in mind of a description in Homer's Odyssey, which none of the Critics have taken notice of' 1 have happened to find the same in Dionysius trrs^i (rwb=s ovoy-ajcov, who treats very largely upon these verses. Pope's. Letter to Addison, Oct. 10, 1714. "4. In the (ientleman's Magazine, about six or seven }^tars since *, I remember, a letter was printed from some very low critics, pretending to find false Kna;lish in one of Mr. Addison's Dedicatious of a volunvj of the Spectators. This was ridiculed justly tiiud lu) fo!' it.5 )'t'Ccption, t.iken from a convenient apartment oria,iiiallv used for tlu nieelinas of tlit> Govtinors 3 mu', though very ]Hi'^', tlirce sides are. very nearly filled bv this \erv ^'ood coliie'.iori of luuny antient et.uions of various learned v'Cr.s, enl'iMtud by many of e -;.hi)\ 1- ii;/ a \(>ai'. 'J'he 01 iiiii'.a! C ,t a- loiXiie was v-ri'ten by T. V\ ii.;.;, v\iio i'aithfuUv serxe-l Mr. W ray 3S '.e;:rs a- a -er\ant, and \\:)> rf\'. uded l)\ him wlii f ci'. .'"s pii.ee .n l:i- Mije-ty'.-, fvece-pl of tlv {IncIh qncr. \:. r\i ij, rit pwitiait of Air. Wray (;t. Kit-cat c^j-cd Ir. Pi,'v:Ii in l7''>-'> i.o:n a pi- arc by Mr. D.'ix i-j l!;ul;,^ (n.i- tiir cli i. <'y, It s cx- ti'iuily well paintt'd, and ii'inc-eiU - a m i'd : \n\ |i(ne\olenv ,-,el of features. l}(:,(jw is ' e lar. e n c iilllun (.(so ' d jn j). M !. * It was almost twice Uiul tiiue. ::iee (jcut. 3ia^'. 1751, vol, XXI. pp. -11;:. ob'z. in 444 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^4. in a letter published the next month, which I have reason to think was written by the present Bishop of Gloucester. This is of no Jiioment in itsdf, but may supply matter for a preface; and you know names, or hints at names, add a value to trifles. " These small circumstances I have collected together this morning-. If they are of no service to the plan of your intended edition, you will excuse the olhcious regard paid to you. Sir, by Your most humble servant, W. Bowyer. " In the Book above mentioned a gentleman goes to bed with reading Virgil ; and bids his servant attend to the candle when he drops. Very prudent, says the Kemarker, and circumstantial ; the candle, which had fire and flame, might do mischief; but a man that could sleep over Virgil, could do none." In December 17^)4, Mr. Bowyer presented a copy of Mr. Folkes's " Table of Gold and Silver Coins" to the Cathedral Library at Chichester *, with the fallowing inscription : HAS. NVMMORVM. ANGLICORVM. TABVLAS. VETERIS, AMICITIAE. MONVMENTVM. CVM. VIRO. REVERENDO. GVILIELMO. CLARKE. CANONICO. CICESTRENSI. AVRO. ARGENTO. AERE. PVRIORIS. PRETIOSIORIS. STA13ILI0RIS. IN. BIBLIOTHECA. EIVSDEM. ECCLESIAE. CATHEDRALIS. REPONi. VOLVIT. GVILIELMVS. BOW YER. TYPOGRAPHVS. * Ke had before made some occasional presents to their li- brary ; one of \vhich iius been mentioned in p. 275. Another is thus iicknowlediz;td by Mr. Clarke (wlio ap})ears to have had the augmentinj^ of it very much at heart) : "I thank you for remembering the Spital. Every addition is something to our little library. We take in all, like- a real hospital, the poor, the maimed, and the blind. But I cannot think of concealing vour name under such a cover. Who can reach 8 or 9 feet high, to shew the favour he has received ? J>ret me have a folio of some sort or other, that I may put my hand upon it as I walk by, and say, ' Here's Mr. Bowyer 1' Vv hat would you have from public libiarl<=r if people do not read;, that is no more the fault 17^5-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURy. 445 17^5. In this year, at the request of the munificent Mr. Hollis *, Mr. Bowyer wrote the short Latin fault of the librarj', than their not praying: in publick is of the church. But is there no pleasure in siu'veying such structures, though we do not use them ?" ii/r. Clarke to Mr. Boivijer, March 14, IJoO. On the receipt of Mr. Folkes's book, Mr. Clarke says, " How nuich am I obliged to you fur a most elegant and agiceable present to our Churcli Library, which I received on Tuesday morning ! It g-ave me the more pleasure, as it was opening the new year so auspiciously, with a book that Avill be as much looked into as any in the Library, and upon a subject that docs not seem to admit of many more improvcn)ents. I am likewise conmrissioncd by the Dean and the rest of our body, to make their very gniteful acknowledgments for tlie fiivoui- you hare done them. You may be sure that I had not the least scruple about terms or ceremonies in ordering the loose leaf to be prefixed. It was making me a compliment tliat I ought to be pleased with, and therefore, from a princi})le of self-love, willing to perpetuate ; though at presenf it })nts me under some disad- vantages : I cann(jt shew the book with so nnieh freedom as I should otherwise do. You have certainly disposed of it in these two volumes to the most advantage you could. The coins and the explanations are much the better for being sejjaratc, and may be turned to with more ease. The word shilling was used verv soon after the Concpiest for the twentieth part of a pmmd sterling; the English, fond of their own language, applied it to the Norman soliflus or solt, and called their oicn shiUi'ig the uroitt, which was, airreeably to the Roman custom, tlie trciiiissis of the shilling." Ihid. Jan. 3, 17(J5. In a siilis^-quent letter he says, " Your volatile s])irits often put me in mind of H.ulibias's f.word, which worked its way through the sca!)bani ir wus -o manful. Your zeal for your friend i>Iarkland is no*: .i! ;'.n in tiie strain oi'thc Supplircs You treat Duivcrsities luA }lr.vl:- of ii<)nsf's with an air of a visitor, as if tiiev iiad no t'lsif, j:o ri\.rarti fur learn- ing, because thev don't do the new edi.iun (;f th>- S!'p;)ii':rs the honour of a fimeral in their I>i()raries. To pre\.;nl }r.\V,dli'-'s Latin 44^ LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^5 preface to '' Joannis IFullls'd Grammatica Lin- gticv AngUcance ;' and a larger English Preface, Latin Grammar of the English tongue ; concerning which Mr*. Millar was desii-ous of having the opinion of the Rev. Dr *>^*** [Lowth], who, at the bookseller's request, was consulted by Mr. JJowyer on the subject. The Doctor retuined for answer, ' that, in liis opinion, the re-printing of this Grammar would be for the benefit of Natives, as well as of Foreigners.' The design of re- printing Dr. VValliss Latin Grammar of the English tongue un- doubtedly oiiginated with Mr. Mollis , without any other view than to promote the knowledge of the English language among Foreigners, who could not otherwise be made acquainted with the value and excellence of many of our English \Vriters, of whose woiks the sf)irit and sentinients were often eiToneously, anil always imperfectly, represented in translations. With this patriotic view, to the honour of his country, he proposed the re-printing of this Gramnsar to Mr. Millar, whose business it was to consider what might be expected from the sale of it ; and relying upon the judgment of the reverend Divine al)0\e men- tioned, he requested Mr. Bowyer, who had a literary connexion with the Doctor, to procxu'e it for his farther information. The answer to Mr. Bowyer s application encouraged Mr. Millar to undertake the new edition ; and the same answer having sug- gested to Mr. Hollis the ach antage it would be to the book, to have the a})probati()n of so learnetl and eminent a man more distinctly and publicly expressed, he endeavoiu'cd, by the inter- cession of Ml". [Jowycr, to prevail with the Doctor to honour the r(!-publication of Wailis's Cirummar with a preface of his own writing. Why this favom* was refused, no ])articular reason appears. The Doetoi- was certainly ;it liis liberty, and no man had a right to know l\is motives fur declining a little labour iti his own walk, from wliicli he might have derived some little hon- our, if not to his eminent talents, yet certainly to his beiievo- lence in promoting a work wliere party and controversy were out of the question. But, to sav the tnUh, Mr. Hollis was not, in those davs, lit con^pany for Ortlitnlox Divines. It w:is well known that he was concerned in this new edition of Wallis's Cirannviar ; and no ie.-s that lie was at that time jjrocuring :i new edition of Locke's Lcttei's concerning Toleiation, on which -uiiiect it appealed afterwards lliat the ruling theologv was not in j)erfect accord v, itii the doctrine of these Utters. But, leav- ing speculation, let us return to fact. Mr. Bowyer was j)revailed with to write the .short elegant Preface which now st:;ui(ls before ihis last edition of Dr. Wallis's (grammar, wherein his learned :uid iv^ci'end friend hatlthis advantage, that a sort of justice was done to liis merit, which he could not deceiUly have done for him-L'lf, had he obliged .Mr. Hollis with a preface of his own. .Ian. 7, 1T''5, V/allis's (irainmar being j)rinted olf, and ready for publit:iiion, Mr. Hollis made .Mr. Bowyer a ]resent [of twenty pound>] for w liting the Preface." See ' Memoi)s of Mr. H(;llis," pp '.j:iui 'J34. ~64. To this ediliou uf VVallis's Grtimmar a gO(j(l por- 176*5.] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTUftY. 447 intended for that work *. He -sent six copies of tliis book to the Rev. Edward Clarke, then in Mi- j)Ortrait of the learned Author was prefixed, by the munificence of Mr. Hollis ; which, iiearlv thirty years aftei-, I was very desir- ous of ap]^lying to a purpose entirely cona;eni;il with his philan- thropic views. An immediate descendant of Dr. Wallis, who was far fioiii beiuii, in affluencf.-, wished to present to the World some unpublishecl Sermons of thai 1-arned Divine, but could not attbrd to run any riscjuc in the publication. This I \uidertook at my own charge ; the descendant uf Dr. Wallis to be at no los.s, but to have the whole profit. It occunVd to us both, that the Purtrait (which remained v.ith the Representative of Mr, Hollis, to whom t)u';e wa.s not the most distant chance of its ever be- coming of the least use) might be advantageou.s, and a vei-y proper embellishment to the Si-rmons; and accordigly Mi'. "V^'allis applied, in a respectful manner, to be indulged with the use of it. ^The Owner had undoubtedly a full right to refuse 3 but, I confess, both Mr. Waliis and myself were somewhat disappointed at his receiving the following answer: " Sir, Autrust 1, I79I, " Though an uttei- sti-anger to you, yet, out of regard to the memory of the late Dr. M'allis, you should cer(airdy connnand the plate ; but, wiien you recollect that a co])per-pIate will cast off but a certain number, and that number is reqinred for the work it was engraved tor, you will excuse me tiiat I cannot render that work imperfect ; but, if a few copies for yourself will be any satisfaction to you, in case there are any struck off, i will bend some. 1 am, Sir, Your most humble servant," i^'c. I make no conunent. Dr. Wallis's Sermons, ho\ve\er, did not a{)pear without a new engraving of his Portrait. * The i^atin Preface is here trauticribed : " Iviuijrua; Anglican;e (ii'ammaticam, a viro eximio .Touaxnk Wai.lisio, S.T. D. (jeo)iietria' Piores.-5ore Savitiano in celeberrima Acadeuiia Oxoniensi, alc|ue Regalis Societatis Londini sodale, Latine conseriptam, jiost iteratas editiones vi-uni est, in I'Xter- orum giatiam, denuo recudere, juxta exemplar inter ejus Opera, Oxon. .Mi)c\cix. inJ'olio, jirioribu.-i longe auctius, Sul))uiigitiu'. litpote ([u;e cuiuTractatu de Locpieja (iiauu)iatica' piieiixo fiabi i connortium qu(!ddam et necessittulinem, " Kpi-tola; .\uctoris ad Thomam Meverlev, De mutis ^vu'di-^que inforuuindis." llujii- (irannnatica! sub^^idi(J, adhibito Dietionario .\nglico-l.;>.tino el Latino-Anglico accui'ati>>inu nostratis Robei'ti Ain-jWoith, (jiii- vis I.atine j)erilus ad Lingii;e Anglicana' notiliam jurveniiU. fjuod si pjeuiorem. ejiLs indijlem ))ernosce]'t' cupiat, consulat libellum, cui titulus "A Short Introduction to lh)glili drammar, with Ciitie.d Notes," a \iro ornatis^imo Roberto Lowth, ( aJKj- nieo Dunehneusi, nuper editum, (pu ^tinUorum suorum con;- plexu les fere dissociabili;s conjunxil, a'Hii-tjUi? veteri.^ p(jes<'(,. orientalis fontes rechidere, patrii '~''r\ii'>jii^ rudinieiUa excpiiri-rc; dignatus est. In usum singu];uum g;*-,uiu!ti (irannnatica l-iti;^u;i' Anglicanu; melius forsan coacinaala foret sermonc !.ui4uc ^':( uti pru- 448 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iJ^D' norca; who distributed them (as directed) to the Spanish Literati *. In the same year he Iiad many consultations with Mr. HoUisjOn a projected edition of Marvel Ts Works; and from that time to 176*7 very frequently turned his thoughts on that subject; consulted Dr. Birch concerning various jjarts of Marvell's writings ; and communicated to Mr. Mollis the result of his vari- ous enquiries -|~' proprioj Italis una, Geiraanis altera, tertio Gallis, &c. SI vero hanc prae manibus intueauiur exteris omnibus parter aplam, opus esse censebitur non solum utile, sed summo juuicio elabo- ratum. Vale Lomlini, Jan. 1, 17G5." The intended English Frelvice began thus : "As there are many rich treasures of Icajning and ingenuity contained in our English Writers, Foreigners often regret the want of being maalers of thoiu. And some of our Natives, from a zeal for the {lonour of the Nation, have ^vished that its lauauage \s as more disseminated, and not bounded with the extent of its con- quests: that so the spirit of liberty, as well as knowledge, which breathes through every page of a Ji: iron, might be communicated in its original channel to the proper f)l)iects of such a blessing, even to all mankind. As a manuduction, therefore, to this langjrage, it has been thought proper to re-piiblibh the iiicompara- blc Dr. Wallis's Grammar of the English tongue, written in j^atin, that i)y the help of it, joined with the accurate Mr. Ainsworth's English-Latin and Latin English Dictionary, any one who xm- derstands Latin may attain to a kn.owledge of the English, and need no longer have recourse to the treacherous aids of French translations, ' rnalifidis I'ersionuin Galiicarum aiixiliis.' llie edi- tion which we now offer to the publick is printed from the folio edition of that author s works, of the xear 1699, corrected by liis last hand, and much augmented bevcjnd the former editions; which yet have left some gleanings for our farther care."' After meritioaing a fev/ of these (.e his " Miscellaneous Tracts, 4to, p. 471), Mr. ]5owyer thus concludes, '' 1 have made the^e slight excursion:^ as a di\er.-:ion to the reader, before he enters on the drier study (;f Grammar, and to convince liim that the iirst ele- ments of it will soon lead him into enquiries of greater iniporiance." * An hundred copies were purchased by Mr. ll(;ilis for this piu'pose ; wliicii were sent to Spain, Portugal, Italy, &.c. Ml. :ilarkland, in an.-\ver to a lettej- frona Mr. Bijwyer about this Gramin.T.", .sa;S, " I wonder you should think of printing a Latin book on that subject, which at })reseat would not be read (I had almost said coul-l not) even in Engli.-h 3 but I suppose it is not your own choice. 1 would ;is soon vrite Lectiares on Ta:,te as any thing on the Dlgamiv.a.'" I On this subject I shall transcribe from the Biographer of Mr. Hoilis ; " The '2^d of April [I7ti7] Mr. Holiis and .Mr. Baron njet 176*5] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 449 . . The principal books printed by Mr. Bovvyer in the year 17&5 were, met by appointment, and had mucli discourse concerning tbe part Mr. Baron should take in a new edition of Andrew Mtirveli'a '.vorks. If there is no mistake in the date, Mr. Hoihs had thought of this re-;)ublication near two years before, as appears by the following memorandum found amoniz; lu3 papers : ' Si-ptemler 3, 17<>5. Busied in the morning looking over Andrew Marvell'a works, and papers relating tiiereto, prepai-atory to a conversa- tion with 3Ir. Uowytr, concerning,- tlie new edition of tiiem. 4. With Mr. Bowyer, with whom I had a fall conversation re- lating to the new edition of Andrew SJarveli's Works, to the printing of v.hich he seen.ed reluctant, from the difficulties that will attend it ; animated him ail I could to that end 5 and we are to talk farther concerning it.'- It does not however appear, from any thing we have seen, that they had farther talk on the subject till the spring of 1767, when Mr. Hollis proposed to engage Mr. Baron as an assistant. The result was, that the new edition was to be in one volume quarto, to be printed by Millar and Cadell ; Mr. Baron to correct the press for the prose, and Mr. Bowyer for the poetical and Latin parts. Mr. Hollis and Mr. Baron met on the 29th of April, and had a long con- versation on the subject ; when it a{)peared in' the end, that Baron, not thinking hunself e(jual to the task, for want of anec- dotes, did not seem inclined to undertake it. Hence it appears, that Mr. Hollis expected something more from Baron than just to correct the press, Barqn was a great collector of the works, and historical accounts, of the defentiers of liberty, civil and religious. Marvell, in that depaitment, was a hero^ but it is j)robable Mr. Baron had not succeeded in searching for materials relating to the history of this cousmnmate Patriot, or such as were necessary to illustrate soiiiC passages in his works, which wanted cxjdanation ; and here, in all probability, the project droj)ped. With respect to Mr. Bowyer, a loose paper has been communicated to us, importing, that * lie refused to be con- cerned in the re-publication of Marvell's Works, upon any ac- count.' AV'hat were IVlr. Bowyer's reasons for this refusal does not appear. We may \enture to say, that paity considerations had nijose. W. B." The 17^5-] TtlE EiGilTEENTH CENTURY. 451 present Centuiy : In which the Rise, Progress, and Variations of Church Power are considered in their Connexion with the State of Learning and Philoso- phy, and the Political History of Europe during that Period. By the late learned John Lawrence Mosheini, D.D. and Chancellor of the University of Gottingen. Translated from the Original, and ac- companied with Notes and Chronological Tab-es, by Archibald Maclaine *, M.A. Minister of the English Church at the Hague." 2 vols. 4to. The following list of IMarvell's Works (intcntkd to have funned a quarto volume of about O'OO pages) was drawn out by IVlr. Bowyerj which shews that he wsis in earnest in the business, A Poem against Lancelot de Maniban, entitled, "Ctiidam, qui legendo Scripturam, descripsit fonnuni, sajjienlinm, sorfemque Au- thoris, illuslrissimo Lanceloto Josapho Manibun grammdiomanti." " The Rehearsal transprosed, 167^" "Tlullehearsaltransprosed, 2d Part, 1673." " Mr. Smirke, or the Divine in IMode ; being cer- tain Annotations upon the Aniuiadversions on the Naked Truth, together with a short historical Esssiy concerning General Council- . Creeds, and Imjjositions in Matters of Religion, by Andreas Ri- vetus, jun. Lonil. IG/^i." 4to. " An Accoiuit of the Giowth of Popen, 1(J77- " Miscillaneoiis Poems," one vol. Lond. 1(58 1 ; reprinted in two volumes l2mo, 172(>> under the title of " The IVorks of Andrew Marvel!, Esq " "A sliort Historical Essay to- wards General Councils, 16"7^>. " "A Letter to Oliver Croniwell, MS. Jvdy 28, 105;}." " Letter to Mr. William Popple, July 17, 1676. See of Marvel in Athen. Oxon. vol. H. fol. 818." in Dr. Birch's hands, "Two Parts of Rehearsal tianspro.-ed ;" " Defence of IJishoj) ( Vofl'ft Naked Truth ;" " Account of the Progress of Po})en," 4to j)am])hlet,' In Tluuloes Papeis, "A I-etter of Andrew Marvell ; ' "A letter to William Po])ple, E,-q. at iiour- dejiux," MS. The second part of "Tlie Rehear- al iran-uio.-icd," as the title-page expresses, "was occa^iom d by two Lclters : hrst printed by a nameless Author, intituled, A Reproof, ^\c. the second left for me at a Friend's House, dated Xov. .!. 167 .'5, subscribed ,1. G. and concluding with tiiese W(ncls : (/' tlnui (Jiirest to j>ruit nnij lie or lllil (I'^cinst Dr. Ptirlt'cr, Lij the eternal God I will cut th'i throat." I\larvcll"s answer is tlnir iufroduced: RKPhO(jr, p. 67. " If you have any tiiiiig to oI)j('(t against it, do your worst. You know the Press is ojjen. ' Licensed the l.-t Dv the Autlior aiid l/icnser of May, 167.S. of the KcclcsiiL-tical Polity. Dr. Parker, who was the .Author botii of the " Re]>roof " and of tlie " Ecclesiastical Polity," judged it j^iiideiit, it may be conclufled, to lav down the (tudgels. * 'i'his able Divine was a native of Scotland, .<-on of a uiini-Ur in Iieland. lie published, IT'^^, a Sermon, jireaclied Dec.."), 1751, on the Death of the I'rincc of Orange, Lam. iii. 28, 2l>, c c, 2 in 452 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^5 *^An Harmony of the Four Gospels, so far as relates to the History of our Saviour s Resurrection, with a Commentary and Notes, by Dr. R. Parry." In 1765 his masterly Translation of Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History made its first appearance, in two vols. 4to, dedicated to William Prince of Orange, It experienced a most favourable reception, and was reprinted, 1758, in six vols. 8vo ; in which form it has had several subsequent editions. The additions to the quarto edition were also pubhshed separately the same year; but, as is very often the case, not twenty copies were sold. Few publications, on their first appearance, have been more generally read than Mr. Soame Jenyns'i " View of the internal Evidence of the Christian Religion.'" Mr. Maclaine addressed to that gentleman a series of Letters, 1777, in 12mo, written to serve the best purposes of Christianity, on a due consideration of the distinguished eminence of Mr. Jenyns as a writer, of the sin- gular mixture of piety, wit, error, wisdom, and paradox, exhi- bited in his publication, and of his defence of Christianity on principles which would lead men to enthusiasm or to scepticism, according to their diiferent dispositions. His only other publi- cations are two Fast Sermons, 1793 and 1797- He was gene- rally supposed to be, for many years, a writer of some of the foreign articles in the Monthly Review. He died Nov. 25, 1804 ; endeared to a numerous and respectable acquaintance. In dc])]oring the loss of departed worth, sincerity may be per- niitted briefly to state its claims to imitation and praise. S\if- fice it then to say, that, in a probationary course of S"2 years, Mr. Ivludaine's superior endowments of mind and heart, his genius, learning, and industry, constantly directed by a love of vir'iie and truth, by piety and charity, diffused a bene- ficial influence over the whole of his professional and domestic .sphere. As a scholar, a gentleman, and a divine, m^iformly dis- playing a judicious taste, an amiable depoilment, and insti'uctive exan^ple, he was admired and loved by all who courted and en- joyed his society; especially t}io:-e of ^vhom he was a distinguished archeivjK - the man of c.lucalion, the polished companion, the benevolent friend, aiid pious Ciiristian. Clothed in the invin- cible armour of the kitt'. r, he received with triumph the assaidts of the last enemy of n^.aiikind 3 and it is no small consolation to his BiOurning friends to know, tliat, great as had been the excel- lence a:nl uliiity of his lii'e, they were surpassetl by the fortitude whic-a he (lisi)laycd, and the happiness he enjoyed, in the hour of pending death. It will be no reproach to this worthy man's memory to add, that he was bi'otlier to the person who went by the luune of " The Gentleman Higiuvayman," had been a grocer in "\V eibeck-street, and was executed at Tyburn, Oct. 3, 17 5*^, attended by Dr. Allen, a Presbyterian minister, wlio published an account of his befiaviour. His brother early renounced him, though he niade all the interest he could for him (see Gent. Mag. vol. XX. pp. 392, 423, 42,'5, 473, 480), and wrote a letter to him after condemnation (Ibid. p. 43G). " Moral 17^5-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 4^3 " Moral and Political Dialogues ; with Letters on Chivalrv and Romance*. By^ the Hev. Mr. Hurd'|~. The Third Edition." SmalfSvo. " Du Port;|; de Signis Morborum Libri quatuor. Quibus accedimt Notae Auctoris; aliorum eruditorum Medicorum ; et sparsim Editoris Radulphi Schoni- berg, M. D. Societ. Antiquar. Lend. Soc." 4to. * " The former editions of these Dialogues were given, to the publick witliout a name, and under tlie lictitious person of an Editor: ' not for any purpose so silly as th.at of imposing on the public ; but for reasons of another kind, which it is not difficult to apprehend.' Pref. p. 1. The learned and ingenious Author hath now thought it proper to affix his name to these pieces j and to preface them with a Dissertation on the manner of writ- ing Dialogue ; which is of itself a considerable tract, extending to no less than sixty pages. In this pref?.tory discourse, he con- siders the antients as the best models for the dialogue-form of writing ; and what he hath said on the subject is well worth the critical reader's attention." MonthJij lluriew, vol. XXXIII. p. 406. f A little before this time, some elegant productions from the Paris and Panna presses had awakened tlie attention of the Lon- don Printers ; particularly of Mr. Dryden Leach ; who may be styled the Father of Fine Printing in this Country. This im- provement in the Art did not escape the watchful cje of the respectable Critic whose Work is noticetl above ; as will appear by the following brief notes, both written (though a little sati- rical) with the most perfect good temper. 1, " Rev. Sir, July 20, 1765. " I send ariothci- specimen, which perhaps may better suit your taste, the lin;s being only set at a greater distance. On little causes what ci'.iit tilings dej)end ! The smiiller letter must be for the Epistlus in Latin, and Commentary; the larger for the Dissertations. An iiexameter will not come into the width of the page in the larger letter. The smaller letter I shall have new, before you return from your journey, if the Founder keeps his word. But I shr)vdd be glad to know how this pleases. IF. B.'^ 2. " There is some .sense in this .'specimen. I like it perfectly well. Is this the pajicr you sent before ? If it be, 1 have now no objection to It. It is a strange thing that I must instruct you in your own art; but stranger still, that you .--hould not have ob.served that the Miccess, that is, the saleoi'a boo'.v, depends more upon your avt than upon mine' Once more, 1 like tb.is paper verv well : it nui-l not be a bit worse, and so tell Mr. Millar, k. //." I FrancL^ Du Port w rote his " Signa Morborum" near '200 yea; s ago. The four Book? which make up this \V'ork, contain only 714 hexameter verses; conrsccpiently many diseases must be omitted, and the description.- of thoie^ which he has taken into hi.s catalogue nmst neee'saiily be \eiy ci)ncise. Tjie first cdi- Von of thLi Work wiit printed at Pari;*, bv Duvall, liJ4, 8vo. 71je 454 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [l7^5- The Latin Works of Lord Bacon, being the fourth and fifth volume?, in 4to, of the best * Edi- Hon of that illustrious Writer. A Second Part of Bishop Ellys's -j- " Tracts on Spiritual and Temporal Liberty," 4to. * This edition was corrected throughout by tlie learned and industrious Mr. Gamhold ; and the Latin volumes were also very accurately revised by Mr. Bowycr. f Dr. Anthony Kllys was born at Yaimouth in Norfolk, and baptized June 8, 1690. He received his academical education at Clare hall, Cambridge, of which society he became a fellow, and took the degree of A.B. in 1712, and of A.M. in IJiO. In 17I9-'-20, when his father (Anthony) who was a merchant, was mayor of tiie town (as his grandfather had been in 1708), tlie Corporation appointed him one of the ministers of the chapel ; which appointment he resigned the following year. [Accordirg to this account, from Gent. Mag. Dec. 1/96, tiie Parish Kegistcr, , and the Books of the Corporation of Yar- mouth, the inscription on his monument is inaccurate, as he was " aged 70 years."] In 17'24, he became vicar of St. Olave Jewiy, with the roctoiy of St. Martin, Ironmonger-iane, an- nexed; and in the September of the same year was presented by Lord Cliancellor Macclesiield, to whom he had been for some time chaplain (and who was removed from his high office earlv in the January following) to a prcbendal stall at Gloucester. On the "^.oth of April 1728, when Fving George the Second went to Canxbridge, he was favoured with the flegree of Doctor of Divinity, l)eing one of those liamed in the Chancel- lor's list on that occasion. In 1736 he published "A Plea for the Sacramental Test, as a just Security to the Church estab- lished,, and very conducive to the Welfare of the State," 4to. In 1749 he publ'shed a Sermon j.reached before the House of Com- mons on the 3()th of January; anil in October 17.52 was pro- moted to the See of St. David's, and consecrated Jan. 23, 1753. Tifis prcfermerjt he owed to the recommendation of Archiiiftlnjp Herrins:, and held it witii hi? prebend and city li\ing in com- meiidam. He wixa id^o \icar of (ireat Marlow, Bucks. About the same time he published anonymously a ])amphlet called " Remarks on an E.^say concerning Miracles, published by David Hume, Esq. amongst his Philo30})hical Essays," 4to, no date. In 1754 he published a Sermon preached before the House of Lords, Januarv30_; and in 17^9 another, jireaciiad before tlie Society f tr the Propagation (^f the (iospcl in Foreign ParL^t. Hf died at Glovicester, Jan. 16, 17G1 ; and was buried in the South aile of liu; Cfttludi-al there, where a neat pyramidal monument was erc;ted to iiis memory, with the following epitaph on tablet of white marble .supported by a cherul;) : "Near this pla^^e hetli the bodv of An- 17^5-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 455 Tiie second edition of " A Letter * to the Right Reverend Author of the Divine Legation of Moses demonstrated ; in Answer to the Appendix to the Anthony Ellvs, D.D. Minister of the united pari.>hcs of St. Olave Old Jewrv, and St. Alartin's Ironmonii'er Lane, in the City of London, SS years ; Vrebendary in this (liurch 37 years ; Conseciatetl Bishop of St. David'.s '2S Feb. 1753 j who dcpai'ted tai:.; lift.; 17 Jan. 17G1, aged GS yeai's. A ])ei-.son truly excellent, learned, ,ju^t, benc^'olcnt, pious ; to whobC rare virtues and abiUties Aduiatiim cannot add, Knvy caimot deservedly take from. He nuirried Anne the eldest daughter of Sii- Steph.en Antlerson, of Kyworth, in the county of Bedford, bart. whom he left, with only one daughter, to lament the common loss of one of the best of mankind." Some verses on his death, by Dr. Dodd, were printed in tL Christian^ Magazine, 17<^lj P- H9, and in Doclds Poems. He left belli nd him, ready for the press, the above-mentioned " Tracts on the Liberty Spiritual and Temporal of Protestants in England, addressed to J.N. esq. at Aix-Ia-Chapeile ;" the first ])art vvlicreof w;is printed in 1763, and the .second in 176"5. The E(iit! ;.-> in this ])o.sthumous work say, " He was not only emintnt for liis fine parts, exte>n~ive knowledge, and sound judgment, i("v;'l.i truly valuable in themselves ; but they were pc;t in hiin lo the highest advantage, by a heart so oveiflowing' witli benevolence and candour, as never even to conceive terms t)f acrimonv or I'cproaoh towards the opinions or per=oni of those who ditlered fTom him. This Christian tenqjer of hia is discoverable in all the parts or these tracts that are taken up oti controvcr-v, for lie alwav-:. thought a person, though on the riglit side of tin; question, witii principles of persecution, to be a w<)i>.> man ihan he that was on the vvjong." 'J'lie f(jilo'.vi;ig cjiitaiih on the giiuidfathev of Bp. EUys is on si lar:;',e lomb in Vaiinoutli church-yard: '' ICxHsia-. .Sntiiomi Eli.ys, armigeri, de-iidtriuni dvuii-r-um sui n'>piciente>, hie humo mandavorunt snperstites xice-^imo nono die Octobrls amio >a!uli^ 170i>, a-t. ^u:e 7^>-' * Of thi-. L(^t1( r, wIh) < aiit'iior wa-i the woithy and learned Dr. Lowth (afterw.'ud^ ucci-.sivelv I}i-hopa)f Oxford and of London), ther waus an i-xlreuRly rapid sale i'hc lirit edition had been printed 456 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [iT^^S- fifth Volume of that Work ; with an Appendix, containing a former Literary Correspondence. By a late Professor in the University of Oxford," 8vo. " Thoughts on Civil Liberty, Licentiousness, and Faction," by Dr. John Brown, 8vo. " The Wav to Things by Words, and to Word? by Things," by Mr. John Cleland *, 8vo. printed at Oxford. The second (of which there was a large im- pression) appeared in Novemberl765 ; a third in February 17G6 ; to which immediately succeeded a foiuth, with the addition of " A I-iCtter to the Rev. Dr. Brown." In tlie course of this con- troversy many squibs \iere thrown out on both sides, in the news- papers 5 and among others were some by Mr. Bomer (see vol. IV. p.334). In "The St. James's Chronicle," June ^5, 176'G, were some queries which Mr. Markland supposed to have been his ; but which I believe were by a different writer. Some letters on the subject I know he wrote, particularly one (if not tu-q) in answer tp H Modcrato, in the above-mentioned news-paper of April and May 1766'. The principal Pamphlet in reply to the Letter of Dr, Lowth was written in defence of the chai-acter of Dr. Bentley, by a relation of his (IVlr. Cmnberland), and inti- tuled, " A Letter to the Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of Oxford, containing some Animadversions upon a Character given of the late Dr. Bentley, 1767," 8vo. * ^rhis publication was followed, in 1768, by " Specimen^ of an EtimoTogical % Vocabulary, or Essay, by Means of the. Ana- litic;^ Method, to retrieve the antient Celtic ;" with "A View of a Literary Plan, for the Retrieval of the antient Celtic j in aid of an Explanation of various Points of Antiquity in general, and of the Antiquities of Great Britain and Ireland in particular," and Proposals for publishing by subscription, in two volumes quarto, "The Celtic Retrieved, by the Analitic j Method, or Reduction to Radicals j illustrated by a Glossary of various, and especially British Antiquities," and in 1769 by '"^ Additional Ar- ticltsi to the Specimen," ike. In these publications Mr. Cleland has displayed a large fund of ingenuity and erudition, not im- worthy the education he received at Westminster. In the Propo- sals for continuing- his Celtic labours he says, "As to the recoures to a subscription, I have no ajjoiogy to make for it, but one, which is, that it is necessaiy, as being the only one. Ntst that I am insensible of there being many and just objections to tiii.s method, biit the candour of a liberal construction will hardly rank among them its being liable to an abuse. This is no roorp than what it has in eomn^on v/arned ti'eati~e of his, '' De Religione Vete- rum Persai'um," admired by all literary Europe, and neglected at home : so low was the taste for literature in this country, already sunk ! For the re-publication of this work, we have tiow, however, the obligation to the public spirit of Dr. ^Sharpe;, that patron and piomoter of literature, of which himself is a* x\, thvit' celebrated fictitious memlxT of the S]X'Cfaii;r'>< (iub. vvlyom i^tcolc (i>'s<'ri!jfK under the name of Will U(inevcomt>e .; ami was also on:' <>? the fnciida ajid ondei).ts of Pojk- A portrait of iiiai lM.:;sr n;> 458 LITERARY ANECDOTES OF [ijO^, in consequence of overtures from a few respect- able friends at Cambridge, Mr. Bowyer had some inclination, towards the latter end of I765, to have undertaken the management of the University Press, by purchasing a lease of their exclusive privileges, by which for several years they had cleared a consi- derable sum. To accomplish this, he took a journey up in the son's libraiy till his death, which indicates all the manners and d'alord of the {'ashionable town-rake in the begin- ning of the last century. The son, with the scatterings of his father's foi-tune, and some share of his dissipations, after passing- tlirough the forms of a good education in Westminster college, where he was admitted in 1722, at the age of 13, and was con- temporary with Lord Mansfield, went as Consul to Smvrna, where, perhaps, he Brst imbibed those h^ose principles which, in a subsequent publication, too infamous to be particularized, tarnished his reputation as an author. On his return from Smyina he went to the East Indies 3 but quarreling with some of the members of the Presidency of Bombay, he made a precipi- tate retreat from the East, with little or no benefit to liis for- tunes. Being without profession or any settled means of sub- sistence, he soon fell into difficulties ; a prison, and its miseries, were the consequences. In this situation he was tempted, bv the offer of twenty guineas from a bookseller, to write the work above alluded to, and for which he was called before the Privy Council ; anl the circumstances of his distress being known, as well as hi? being a man of some parts, John Earl Granville, the then president, nobly rescued him from the like temptation, by getting him a pension of \QOl. a year, which he enjoyed to his death, and which-hfid so much the desired etlect, that, ex- ce})t " The Memoirs of a Coxcomb," which has some sniack oi dissipated manners, and " The Man of Honour," written as au amende honorable for his foiinor exceptionable book, Mr. Cle- iand mostly dedicated his time to ])o]ilical and philological jiuij- lications j and was the author of the long letters given in the public prints, from time to time, signed A Bkiton, MonEsrus, &c. &c. and published three dramatic triiles; 1. " Tiinbo-Chi(jui, an Entertainment in three Acts, 1738 3" '2. " Titu-. Vesiiasiaii, a Tragedy, ITGOj" 3. "The Ladies Subscription, an Entertain- ment, 17 GO." He lived within the income of iiis pension for many years, in a retired situation in Petty France, surrounded by a good library, and the occasional vi-it;, (,f some lileraiy friends, to '.v'nom he was a very agreeable ccjmpardon, in the enjoyment of which he lived to an advanced age. In conver.iatlon he was very pleasant and anecdotical, und'rstanding mo^t of the living lau'^uages, and speaking tliem all very fluently. .V a writer, he shewed himself best in novels, song-wiiting, and tlie lighter species of authorship ; but, when he toviched politicks, he touched it like a tor))edo, he was cold, bcnmnbing, and soporific. He died in i'ettv France, Jan. 23, 1789- set. HO. to 17^5-1 THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 4^9 to Cambridge ; and afterwards sent the Compiler of these Anecdotes* to negotiate with the \ ice-Clian- * Amongst Mr. Cough's ]:^pers I find the following letter of my own to Mr. Bowyer, on this subject, which was theji to nie of the highest importance, and which, I hope, will not be con- sidered as wholly irrelevant to the Memoij-s of Mr. Bowyer. " Good Sir, isundan afternoon. Sept. 15, 1765. " i write to you now froin the house of .Mr. Labittte, with whoi-tt I have dined, and who has most obligingly shewn me all in hia power. Mr. Archdeacon is not at home. I have opened to Mr. Labiitte my plan, who is of opinion soniething may be done. I I'.ave talked also with a Compositor, who is sensible, and who now works in the hoijse. Six hundred a year I believe may cany it. They talk of ten having been offered. For se\en years last past the University have cleared one-thonsand-tkrce-hnndrcd pounds annually; besides fui-ming the Almanack {':ZOOL luore). This might at least be doubled htj openins, the trade in new channels, If any bookseller of reputation would enter into a scheme with you, an immense fortune icoidd be certalnlij raised. I believe Mi:. Labuttef himself would be of service as a small shareb. to- morrow I wait on Dr. Powell with your Proposals, a little .cn- larg-ed. However, I will not go too far without hearing from you, Sir ; on. which accoimt I propose to stay till Tne^day even- ing, that I may hear from you what farther particulars you have heard, and at the same time shall enquire minutely into circum- stances here. ^Vhoe^er has the lesvse, Mr. Archdeacon mus r be a LEAniNT, person. This I must acknowledge, even against the vanity I cumot help clierishing in myself, ^nd hcie. Sir, let me take the opporumitv 01 returning you my heartiest thanksj as for all former faNoars, so for the jiiesent indulgence in jiaiticular, Ai 1 am sensi'.le whatever has the least resemblance to llatteij is to you higliu Ji-^gui^ting, I shall ncit offend by c()ni])liment;5j but siiall onlv a-Mirc 30U, that in whatever ^tate of iife i um thrown, I shall be tiie better man for yoiu' good example; and shall ever retain the liveiiest. sensation of gratitude for the more tlian pHternal khidness-'s 1 ir.ive ever met with at your luuul-. Oiice more, believe mi; to ijo, very inv-ariably. Sir, Vour faithful and obliged humble servant, J. Xicuor.5. P. S. I sleej) in a privnttt lu)u>ie. If you think ])iT>ps.'r to writi^ please to diiect for nie at Mr. I>;ibutte's hou-e. I am en.i- moured with the gardens and shady walks." Mr. Bowyer, in an.-^wer, says, "According to Dr. Powell's dis- course with me, I under^tO()d the University would not procoid upon making tlu' mo^t /^.^.-iz/iiu/^ bargain, but on making "ucii t Mr. R. Labutr" was n-.'^c-hor of the French lanjjuat^c in the Uiiivcpslt y of ('aiubriilgc ; and [mbl'Hhii*, iri 176'4, *'.\ French Gr:nimt.-\r ; to uhi( h prefixed ,111 .Viialy^is rthaiv*- Id tli.at Suhjcct." <)rif;i:iHlly hied to : li-- profebsioii of a jjrint.ir, he hid been for some tini? in the eiii])l{ m.-ni , :i t\l hfi w.a? a worthy and reipi;v:tablc jnati. -4^0 LITERARY ANECDOTES or [l7^5' cellor. The treaty was fruitless; but he did not muck regret the disappointment *. Mr. Clarke, Sept. 4, 1765, wrote thus upon thi subject: " What to say about the University affair, I do not well know it is certain that you have more an one as should be consistent with safety and their own credit. X think he said that 400/. per ci7iniim would satisfy, if they had reasonable security. But be that as it may, and as a computa- tion of the retuins shall answer. I suppose an absolute bargain will hardly be struck till I see you ; though I think 1 could leave myself to your direction. A Bookseller joining with me might, as you observe, extend the trade very much. Even so, it is much better to be proposed to him when we have made a bargain, than before. But I almost dread the thought, from the exair pie of ** **, who was advised to take *^<-***** partner. The consequence was, they never settled accompts during the whole partnership ; and at last they were so intricate, that, upon arbitration, each was to be content with what he had received. Mr. Archdeacon %, a you observe, must be a leading person, and there is some delicacy necessaiy to be shewn to him. But ycv^ must be my r\ght hand, or indeed both hands ; for I would Lope from this plan, if it should take place, to have less trouble than 1 iiave r.'AV with Autliors and Booksellers. Besides, niy pride will be , ;et. 70. i Yhz "" crk ber^: alluded to was " The Amours of Lais ;" which ending iLruptJy :a the .-iUU.or's copy, & few pages wore added to it by J. A''. business 17^5-] THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 46I business already than does you good ; and such a fortune as will answer all the rational purposes of life, that you need not wish for more. If you were younger, and ambitious of raising a greater fortune, I could tell what to say. But there are certainly two objects in view in this proposal, which, if these objections did not lie in the way, would to me be great inducements. The thoughts of governing the Boohsellera, either for gain or glory, would give me a greater pleasure, than any other object in trade. In that respect, I think just as you do. But Tanti 7i(m est; the laurel is scarce worth the labour. Happiness and ease are greater acquisitions than victory. Besides, the honour of putting the Uni- versity in a way to get something besides credit, would be a means of enrolling you among her Benefactors ; and that not for a temporary, but a perpetual Donation. But you had better relinquish all these honours, unless you quit business, and think of doing notliing else." Mr. Markland, to whom he communicated what had passed, tells him, "The subject of your journey to Cambridge I am no judge at all of; but I under- stand your practical inference at last, which says, " that you are too old to live out a lease;" and I think you conclude right it not being worth while to put out to sea again, not even if you were sure of making a prosperous voyage. I have ri^ceived another letter from Mr. Gerison, who tells me that he intends to lay out fifty pounds in books, and desires me to re- commend to him fifty pounds worth of Theology and Classics. 1 have thought of it, and find myself in the condition of Simonides, when he was asked about the Deity, desiring more time to coNsiably some time in the year 1675 ; for in a volume of liis " Collectanea f," Harl. MSS. 5979, on a blank leaf, there is the following endorsement in Bagford's O'Xn hand-writing, with a black-lead pencil, '' John, son of John and Elizabeth Bagford, was baptized Oct. 3 1, 1675, in the parish of St. Anne, Black Friars." He v/as bred, it seems, to the business of a shoe-maker ; for he acknowledges that he practised, or had practised, " the gentle * This article is principally given in the words of the Rer, Br. John Calder ; who, in his Annotations on the Tatler, sa\-s, " This writer, who, in the cour^^-e of this work, is much i^ftener a transcriber tiian a commentator, has been indebted ^:)r much of the information in these notes to the collections of the ingenious and industri<^)us ]\lr. John Bagford, and his Singular care in preserving fugitive and perishable papers. He was certainlv no very conuuon njan, and there is but little kno^vn f him in print. It is, therefore, but gratefvd in the Annota- tor, and it inay be acceptable to some of his readers, to throw together such scattereti memoriafs of this curious person as he ha& been able to collect, from the difficult reading of Mr. I3ag- ia:)rd's own papers, or from other sources." t Most of the very many vohunes in the British IMuscum, milder the general title of " Bagford's Collectanea,'* consist of printed title-pages, advertisements, hand-bills, fugitive papers fijf all kinds, vignettes, prints, &c. pasted into paper books, sometimes with MS notes interspersed, but oftener Avithout any. Eagford'-s ]\iSS. properly so called, are comparatively few, inter- mixed with tlie numerous vohunes above mentioned, and pro- Eoivscviou^ly arrpjiged, and deposited along with them, in th.e department of MSS. Besides, there are very many MSS. in the saint; rich vepor-ilory that have printed papers and tracts bound rxv with theui, craft;* JOHN BAGFORT). 4^3 craft," as he calls it, in a little curious and en- tertaining tract on the fashions of shoes, Sec. and the art of making tlieni, which may be seen in the British Museum, Llari. ?>JSS. 5911- It ap- pears that he married, or at least that he was a father, pretty early in life ; for tliere is, in the same Collection, a power of attorney from John Bagford juniG:^' to John Bagford senior, empowering him to claim and receive the wages of his son, as a seaman, in case of his death, dated in 1713, when the father could only have been of the age of 58 years. (See Harl. MSS'. 5.995.) He seems to have been led very early, by the turn of his mind, to enquire into the antiquities of his own country, and the origin and progress of its literature. By such en- quiries he acquired a great knowledge of old English books, prints, and other literary curiosities, which he carefully picked up at low prices, and re-sold honestly on moderate profits. In this kind of curi- ous but ungainly trafHck, he seems to have spent much of his life; in the prosecution of it, he crossed the seas more than once, with abundance of com- missions from intelligent booksellers, and curious pople of learning and opulence, who, no doubt, contributed to his support ; and there are very many of his bills among his papers in. the British Museum, that vouch very strongly for his great skill in purchasing, and his great reasonableness in selling, various sorts of uncommon things. All this while he appears to have been a book- broker, rather than a book-seller, and a most proper and honest jjerson to employ in the purchase of scarce and curious publications, prints, &c, on moderate terms. It is evident that he had been at very ex- traordinary pains to inform himself in the histoiy of ])rinting, and of all the arts innncdiately, or inoie remotely, connected wirli it. He published, in the Philosx^phical Transactions, in I70;, his " Proposals for a History of Printing, Printers, Illmninators, (Mialcogrnphy, Paper-making, &.c. &.C. On subscription lO.s. ; and lO.v, more on ihe delivery of a volume in folio, containing alr^out 200 sheets." 4(>4 LITERARY ANECDOTES. sheets." These Proposals were printed on a half- sheet, with a specimen on another^ containing the life of William Caxton, tirst printer in the Abbey of Westminster, with a list of his books. There are several copies of these Proposals in the British Museum, Had. MSS. 5995. Whoever will take the trouble of examining the numerous volumes of Mr. Bagford's MSS. on this subject, now in the British Museum, will be thoroughly convinced that Vie was well qualified for his undertaking, though he wrote a bad hand, and spelt very ill. Destitute as he appears to have been of the benefit of a liberal education, by his great ingenuity 3ind industry he seems to have ac- quired a degree of accurate knowledge, that, all things considered, is really wonderful. At his death these MSS. were purchased by Mr. Humphrey Wanley, lord Oxford's librarian, for his Lordship's library, and came in course witli the Harleian MSS. into tlK2 British Museum. It has been said that there are more of this curious man's collections for the same |)urpose in the Public Library at Cambridge ; and that they have never been opened since they came there. Bat we have the authority of the late worthy master of Emanuel College, to assert, that this is not a fact. It would, indeed, have been a reproach to so curious and inquisitive a man as Dr. Farmer, to have had such pa[)ers in his custody, without the curiosity to inspect them. Mr. Bagford did not confine himself solely to the theory of printing: it appears, likewise, that he practised the art, by two cards, printed on the frozen river Thames, Jan. 18, 1715-16', among the Harl. MSS. 59.36'. In the first of these cards, he is styled ^' J)r. John Bradford -'^, patron of printing, Jan. 2, J'Jll'y-lG, Printed at his Majesty's printing- ofiice in Black-Friars." Round this card are prints of the heads of Gottenbur<>' and W. Caxton, wath other devices, the royal arms, and the city of London "^^ I copy Dr. Caulcr's words ; but this first ciuxl could scarcely h.^.^e bc'.n iutcndcJ iur Bo'if'ord. below. JOHN BAGFORD. 465 below, &c. (Harl. MSS. 5936.) The second card is as follows: "The noble art and mystery of printing, being invented and practised by John (aottenburg, a soldier at Harlem in Holland, anno 1440, King Hen. VI. anno 1 459, sent two private messengers, with 1500 marks, to procure one of the workmen. They prevailed on one Frederick Corsellis to leave the printing-office in disguise, who immediately came over with them, and first instructed the English in this famous art, at Oxford, the same year, 1459.'* In the area of the card, in capital letters, *' Mr. John Bagfbrd," and the four following lines : " All you that walk upon the Tliames, Step in this booth, and print your names. And lay it by, that ages yet to come. May see \a hat things upon the Thames were done. Printed upon the frozen River Thames*, Jan. 18, 1715-16/' The very curious and well-written letter of this ingenious man to Mr. Hearne, printed in the first volume of the second edition of " Leland's Col- lectanea," p. 58, ^ seqq. relative to London, and the antiquities in its vicinity, does Mr. Bagford very great honour. He seems to have been much employed and respected by Lord Oxford, Dr. John Moore, first bishop of Norwich, afterwards of Ely, Sir Hans Sloane, Sir James Austins, Mr. Clavel, &c.; and it is said, that for having enriched the famous library of his patron Bishop Moore with many curi- osities -j", his Lordship procured him an admission, into the Charter-house, as a pensioner on that foun- dation, in the cemetery of u iiich he was buried. He died at Islington, May 15, 1716", aged 6*5. In 17^8, a print of him vvas engraved, by Mr. George Vertue, from a picture by Mr. Howard. * Of Printing on the Th;inies, see vol. I. p. 113. f Purchased at his death hy King; George the First, and given by him to the University of Oamhridge. In Noble's Continua- tion of Granger, vol. 11. p. 91, are two e.xctllent Epigrams, oc- caiiioned by this donation. Vol. il. Hh No. IL ( 466 ) No. 11. GEORGE BALLARD. This Mr. Ballard was a most extraordinary per- son : he was bred in low life, a stay-maker, or wo- man's habit-maker, at Camjxilen * in Gloucester- shire ; but, having a turn for letters, and in parti- cular towards the Saxon learning, he became ac- quainted, from a similarity of study, with Mrs. Elstob, after she was settled at Evesham. By the assistance of the Rev. Mr. Talbot, vicar of Keinton in Warwickshire, and a recommen- dation to Dr. Jenner, President of Magdalen College, Oxon, he removed to that University. The Presi- dent appointed him one of the eight clerks of his college, which furnished him with chambers and commons ; and thus being a Gremial, he was after- ward elected, by the procurement of the President, one of the beadles of the University. He was of a weak and sickly constitution ; which determined his parents to put him to the above trade of a habit- maker, as an easy business not requiring much bodily strength. The time he took up in learning the Saxon language was stolen from sleep, after his day's labour was over. The communicator of this article celebrated with him a festival, which he held for his friends, on hav- ing completed a transcript of a Saxon Dictionary, which he borrowed of Mr. Browne Willis, being not able to purchase it, and which he had improved with the addition of near a thousand words, coU * Among the benefactors to the church and poor of Campden, is Mr. John Ballard, physician of We&tern-sub-edge (as by the inscription on his tomb 1678) ; who was elder brother to George Ballaril's gi-andfather Thomas. Sanmel Ballard died July 8, 1710, act. 46; and EUzabeth, his wife, Jidy 10, 1744, aet. 73. These^ j)E6bably, were his father and mother. lected CEOIIGE BALLAkD. 46j lected from his own reading. Lord Chedvvorth and the gentlemen of his hunt, who were used to spend annually in the hunting season about a month at Campden, hearing of his fame, generously allowed him an annuity of sixty pounds * for life, upon which he retired to Oxford, for the benefit of the Bodleian Library. Mr. Mores (who mentions a curious MS. trans- cribed by Mr. Ballard) calls him " a mantua- maker-f-, a person studious in Englkh Antiquities, laborious in his pursuits, a Saxonist, and after quitting external ornaments of the sex, a contem- plator (jf their internal qualifications." I shall insert below an extract of an unpublished letter from Mr. Ballard |" to Dr. Rawlinson, which * ITiey offered him an annuity of lOOZ. ; but he modestly told (hem that sixty pounds were fully sufHcient to satisfy both his wants and his wishes. t " I know not %\ hat additions Mr. George Ballard can make to Mr. Srowe's Life. This I know, tliat, being a tarlor himself, he Is a gieat admirer of that ])lain honest Antiquary." Mr. Thomas Heame to Mr. Baker, Oxford, July 3, 1733. X " Hoxoi.'UED Sir, " na\ing been informed by my friend Mr. Rawlinson of Pop- liilU of your noble design of continuing Mr. Wood's 'Athena),* and tliat any notices which would be .serviceable towards such au lui'ienakiiig would be kindly recei\ed : I drew up a sliort ac- coimt of the life of my late learned and ingenious friend Mr. (irave-^. 1 am truly K'n.-.ible how unfit I am to attempt any thing of this kind, and especially of so worthy a person ; but the gical \enenition 1 haxe for the meuaory of so dear a friend, and imagining but few of his other more learned correspondents had an oj)porUinity of ha\iug a more jieifLct knowledge of him, 1 have liiiM'efore vcnl .red to inform y(JU, that Richard (iraves ||, esq, was born at ?.lickkton. in (iioucestershire, anno 16'7(>, and wa tin- son of .Sanuscl draves, esq. wIkj was the son of Richard (iravc>> (who was lord of the I'oyalty of the hundred of Kiftes- gale, and of thr- manors of Mickletoii, Aslon, and Weston, in (his eoimty ; for nrany vear-^ one of the benchers, and at length reailer of Linjohi's lim), \\Iio wra-^ t!ie son of Richard (iraves, ij Whosf portrvii, niirr.i' cd In- Virtue, is prcscrvtil in Dr. Nash's " llisti^ry of W Orcc-ti-r-hirf," vdI. 1. ;>. ^".'i'. ; wIutc tlicrt.' is ;i pedifjree at iarire *> tins fHiuily, so " euiiiient for iirudcciiifr many learni'il and vain- nidi- uii-ii." or Ids sijii, Morgan (raNe.'., cmi. tberi- is a mezicotiuto ijy Vali-iitiiir (.rcpTi. Si'i- noo- j 111 th'' :; t ;.>;.;., n " '' who 46$ LITERARY ANECDOTES. has been obligingly communicated by the Rev. Mr. Price, from the original in the Bodleiai; Library. He drew up an account of Campden churcli in 1731 ; which was read by Dr. Morell, at tlie Society of Antiquaries, Nov. 21, I771. who was the son of John GraTes, of Beaniesley in Yorkshire, gent, of the family of Graves of Hey ton in that county. He was educated in f^ammar learaing, partly at Campden, and paitly at Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, but chiefly at the former place, under the tuition of Mr. Robert Morse, From thence he W51S sent to Oxford, about the year 1693; was fixed in Pembroke college ; how long he continued there, or what degrees he took, as yet I am ignorant. But, being delighted with a private life, he retired to his manor-house at Miikleton ; where he was an indefa- tigable student in antiquities. He was a very obliging conunu- nicative gentleman, and of s\ich a sweet deix)rtment, a.s gained him the love and esteem of all those who liad the honour and happiness of his conversation. To be short, he was a gentle- man endowed with all those excellent qualification.^ which might justly intitle him Great and Good; he was a conijjlele miister of the (ireek, Latin, and Saxon tongues ; was admirably well read *nd skilled in the Roman and British antiquities ; and was a most curious Historian, Antiijuary, and Medalist. Beiides curi- ous letters, pedigrees, &e. that are made public in tlie perform- ances of several learned men ; he ha- drawn up (in middle-sized octavo) an Historical Fedigice of hi'i own family, most elabo- r^itely done ; and had likewise made vast collections towards the history and antiquities of Kifiesgale Hundred, and the several places where his estate lay, which he had collected wiih ^ery great pains and expence from the Domesday Book, from MSS. and recorils in tlie Tower, Cott(jiiian and B(KileJan libraries, and many other ways ; which he designed by \vay of anna!s, in imi- tation of Keimetl's Parochial Antiquities; and a little before his death had designed to liuve nidhodised and coui{)iled it, in 3 Volumes, folio. He wa* master of many much-tritiemed MSS.. the greater part of which \vere puichased after his death hj James West, esq. a gentleman of \eyy extraordinary accomplish- ments. His collection of medids (which were about 5(X), among which were many very valui'-'Ll:' jjieces) consisted chiefly of Greek and Roman coins, a great part t)f which I coUectetl for him, from Worcester, Gloucester, Marlborough, Devizes, and several other places ; all which coins were ))urchcLsed after his death by Roger Gale, esq. an intimate acquaintance of Mr. Graves, ^vho is a great master of those studies, and many other useful pmU of learning. He died (to the great grief of all true lovei-s of antiquity, ati well a= of ail those who knew him) upon Wed- % PttrtraiU of both these gentlemen, by Vertuc, are preserved by Dr. Nash. nesday GEORGE BALLARD. 46Q Mr. Ballard was instrumental in procuring Mrs. Elstob a visit, in 1/33, fi'om Mrs. Chapone*, a clergyman's wife at Stanton in Gloucestershire, a woman of letters, and an old acquaintance, for whom he was used to make gowns and mantuas, that being his trade or employment-^. nesday about seven o'clock in the morning, being the 17tli day of September, 17^9, in the 53d year of his age, and is buried in a vault in the North aile of Mickleton churcli, near to wliich is a very neat marble nionumeni fixed in the wall, with the fol- lowing inscription, composed by James West, esq. " Subttis reqiiiescit IliCARDUs Graves armiger, hujusce manerii dominus ^ vir si quis alius desideratissimus ; qui cximias animi doles niirS. indolis suavita'e temperans, tarn charus omnibus vixit, cjuam effusa erat erga omnes benevolentia : liberos tenerrimo aftectu, ami cos incoucussLl tide, semper prosecutus. Inter hrec otii literati studiis rfiiorc'jcens, Ruris seceb.^um historiarum varietato eieganter defluxit. Nee vero, iit doctis sa^pe contingit, nujiibi nisi in patrifi sua percgrinus, cum res Graecas Romanasque penit.<- perspectas haberet, nostras fastidiosfe praitermisit. His profectc unic^ deditus Invesligandis aeerrimam operam navavit ; dilucidandis Onaiom adhibuit diligentiam. Antiquitates demvun loci vicinitate commendatai propriis ilKistrare scriptis occepciat ; inehoati operis gloriarn adtptus, consunuiiiti fama mortis interventii privatum. Uxorem duxit Ki.izabktham iiliam et coliKredem , Thom^: Morgan armigeri, ex qufl quatuor filios dimsque tilias superstites reliquit. Quarum una (proh dolor) subtas paterno lateri adhaeret Obiit ille decimo seplimo Septcnibris, anno Domini 17^0, at. 53. Ne tantas patris virtutes ne^cirent posteri, hoc monumeiitum posuit MoacjAN Gkavf.s, arm. filius natu maximus." * Sec vol. IV. p. 131 ; w here this lady's name is wrongly called Capon. t Dr. Lighlfoot, on tlic authority of the late Duclicss Dowager of Portland, See the Notes on thcTaller, cd. 17S6, vol. II. p. 3y2. He 470 LITERARY ANECDOTES. He died rather young, in the latter end of June 1755, owing, it was thought, to too intense apph- cation to his studies; and his tomb is thus inscribed: " H. S. E. Georgius Ballard, Campoduni sui haud vulgare ornamentuni : Qui diurmi artis ilhberahs exercitatione ita vietum qu^eritabat, ut animum interea disciphnis hberahbus excultuin redderet. In celebritatem et Hteraiorum amicitiam Eruditionis fama ahquando evocatus, et inter Academicos Oxoniae adsciiptus, otio floruit nee ignobih, nee reipubhae hteraria? inutilis ; quippe Fosniinaruni, quotquot Britanniam scriptis illustrarunt, mtnioritun Scriptor ipse posteris connnenduvit. Sed, dum studiis intentus, vitae umbratih nimiuni indulgeret, renum calculo confectus obiit anno I740." He left large collections behind him ; but published only the " Memoirs of British Ladles who have been celebrated for their Writings or Skill in the Learned Languages, Arts, or Sciences, 175:2," 4to; re-printed in 8vo, 1775- The work was })rinted by subscrip- tion, and the list of the public contributors towards its support was such as did honour both to the author and theniselves. A very large- Collection of his ripist(!!ary Corre- spondence is preserved in the Bodleian I.ibraiy. No. IIL ( 471 > ^ No. III. THOMAS CARTE. (Vol. II. p. 192.) Thomas Carte, son of the Rev. Samuel C^rte *, (M. A. of Magdalen College, Oxford, prebendary of Lichfield, vicar of St. Martin's, Leicester, and rector, 1^99j of Eastwell in that county) was born at Clifton-upon-Dunsmoor, in Warwickshire, where his father was at that time vicar ; and was baptized there, hy immersion, April 23, iGSS. We have no ac" iiit of the place where he received his grammar * Who published two Sermons, in 1694 and 1705 ; " Tabula Chro; .iogica Arcjiiepiscopatuum et Episcopatuum in Anglid et WulliA, ortus, divisiones, translationes, &c. breviter exhibensj una cum indict alphabetico nominum, quibus apud authores insigniuntuFj concinnata per Sam. Carte, Vic. S. Martini, Leieestr. et explicata per eumiem, ' folio, uithout date. Part of a letter of Iiis to Mr. Humphrey VVanley, dated Aui^. 7, 1710, concerning a tesi.elated pavement found about 1670, near All :?aints church in Leicester, with a drawing of it by B. Garland, is in Phil. Trans. No. 331, p 324. And his account of that town, in an- swer to some queries of Browne Willis, esq. (from a MS. in the Bodleian Library) is printed in the Bibliothcca Topographica Britannica. His assistance to Dr. Willis is gratefully acknow- ledged in the Preface to the second %oIurae of " Mitred Abbeys;" and to him Dr. Stukeley inscribes his plan of Roman Leicester, plate 92of hisItinerai-y,vol. I. He is said iuLet.--oi)ie's "Preacher's Assistant" to have been vicar of St. Mary's, and in Phil. Trans, is miscalled a icar of St. MargareCs. Of the last of these mis- nomers he has himself taken notice in one of his MSS. which was shewn to Mr. Cole by Dr. Farmer; and the other was a mis- take. He was vicar of St. Martins ; and the time of his death, with some trails of hi^ character, will appear from the follow- ing inscription on a -.tone in the floor of the cliancel at the steps of the altar of that church . " Tlie remains of Samukl Carte, M.A. many years Vicar of this parish. He was a peison of great learning, exem])laiy life and conversation, strict piety, sound judgment, orthodox princi])lcs, and a zealous and able defender |- of the f This will be illustrated by his condu<'t to Mr. Jackson; of houi see the Articlt; (N'c. IV. > which follows this. It is somewhat e.\traordiiiarv that the word " able" is an intriiueatiun ou the stone. doctrine 47^ I-ITERARY ANECDOTES. learning ; but his academical education was in Uni- versity college, Oxford, where he was admitted 1698. He took his bachelor's degree in 1702 ; was afterwards incorporated at Cambridge, and took his master's degree there in the year lyo^). In 1712 he made the tour of Europe, as appears by a letter from his fathei- to Henry Wanlcy : " My son Thomas is going to travel with my Lord into Holland, France, Italy, &c. &c. I suppose he will be in London about ten days or a fortnight hence, when he will wait upon you to desire some instruction in relation to MSS. and other books, and which I hope you will give him, to render his travels more useful to him. S. Carte*." Upon his entering jnto holy orders, he was ap- pointed reader of the Abbey church at Bath ; and, preaching there on the 30th of January 1714, he took occasion in his sermon to vindicate Ring Ciiarles the First with regard to the Irish Massacre, which drew him into a controversy on that subject with Mr. (afterwards the celebrated Dr.) Chandler. He immediately published a pamphlet, in 4to, in- tituled, " The Irish Massacre set in a clear Light, wherein Mr. Baxters Account of it in the History of his own Life, and the Abridgment thereof by Dr. Calamy, are fully considered ; together with two Letters from Mr. Chandler, reviving the afore- said Account, to the Rev. Mr, Thomas Carte, at Bath; with his two Replies to Mr. Chandler." This is inserted in Lord Somers's Tracts. doctrine of the Holy Trinilv. He died Apri] 16'th, 1740,' in the S/th year of his age, in full assurance of a joyful rebiirrection. Neai; this })lacc lie inteiTed Ann I wife and P^lizabeth daughter of the said Saiuuel Carte. Here Heth the body of Sakah Carte, daughter of the Rev. Samuel Carte, who died March 6th, 1773, in the 72d year of her age." * Birch MSS. 4463. b. 10. % She is supposed to have (lied younj. On THOMAS CARTE. 47J On the accession of the present Royal Family, he refused to take the oaths to the Government, and put on a lay habit ; and at one time assisted the celebrated Jeremiah Collier, who preached to a Non- juring congregation up two pair of stairs in a house in Broad-street, London. Yet he would put on his gown and cassock orf a Sunday, and perform divine service in his own family. I know not what share he took in the Rebellion of 1715 ; but am well assured that at the close of it he was concealed at Coleshill, from the search of the King's troops, in the house of Mr. Badger, then curate of that town and of Over Whitaker, chaplain to the Earl of Aylesford, and afterwards rector of Bedworth in Warwickshire. Mr, Carte officiated some time as curate of Coles- hill; and is said to have acted as secretary* to Bishop Atterbury before his troubles. In 17^2 he was accused of high treason; and a proclamation was issuetl, Aug. I3, offering a reward of 1000/. for apprehending him. He fled, and re- sided some time in France, under the borrowed name of PhUlps ; and, being introduced to most men of learning and family in that country, he gained access to all Libraries, public and private, and collected large materials for illustrating an in- tended new edition of Thuanus; wlrich was in such forwardness in 1724, that he consulted i\\c nmnifi- cent Dr. Mead on the mode of publication ; who, j>erceiving that the plan might be made more ex- tensively useful, obtained Mr. Carte's materials, prefio kaud exiguo, and engaged Mr. Buclvley in the noble edition -[-, in seven volumes folio, already described, in the present volume, p. 25. * It appears by tle Re[)()r( of tlic ConnnU'vCt! of the Hoii^c of Cominoiih that he kucccciled Kelly ; ami that a riotous election at C ovcntiy had hejMi frrcatly animated hy ("arte. t It may nalinally enough he a-kcd, wliy Mr, Carte himself was not allowed to superintend this edition of Thuanus. He j)i-obal)ly woidd have he(>n the principal editor, but that he wa tlien abroad in exile. Tlie Latin aildress to Dr. Mead, prefixed to the work, and dated from the Inner Temple, 7kal. Jan. 173.^, wab sijrneil " Thouias Carlo," but probably received ionie cor- rections 474 LITERARY ANECDOTfi5. Whilst this was carrying on, Queen Caroline, the universal patroness of learned men, having re- ceived some favourable impressions of Mr. Carte, obtained leave for him to return home in security ; which he did, some time between 1728 and 1730. In 1735 he published the third vohime* of his *' Life of the Duke of Ormonde," which he com- rections from Professor Wiinl, who translated into elegant Latin the three introductory Letters of Mr. Buckley; whose particular acknowledgments are made to INlr. Carte, for having communi- cated his numerous collections from MSS. and printefl copies ; for correcting the orthography of proper names ; for his useful explanatory notes ^ for revising the Life of Tlmauus, and com- piling the indexes. But Mr. Buckley shall speak for himself: ** Variantes lectiones ex MSS. cunctiscpae editionibus collectas, et nominum propriorum interpretationes, Cartius in exemplari^ quod prelo erat parandum, accurate descripsit. In quem tineui clum totum^ opus evolvit, plurima quoque in utraque Genevensi editione errata typog-ia})hica correxit, notis etiam brevioribus in extremfi paginfv adscriptis multa explicuit, et qua^dam emendavit. Ad hsec ingentem numerum propriorum nominvmi, qute k Pu- teano praitermissa erant, ex auctoribus ipsis, uncle ntirrationcs suas hauserat Thuanus, aliisque illius sevi scriptoribus, interpre- tatus est. Qui in re de omnibus sanb emditis^ atque adeS de Thuano ipso, optime meritus esse videtur Simile quo- que studiuin et industriam in vi({l auctoiis recensciula idem vir doctus posvxit; qvi et in sex llistoriae tomorum, vitieque in sep- timo tomo, indicibus quos coniicerc su.>oepil, cum adhibiturum pariter expectare licebit." Mr. Buckley's iirat letter is dated " ipsis kalend. Jan. 17'28:" the second, " 7 id. Doc. 172S;" the third, " ipsis kal. Oct. 1730." His Delication to King George IL is dated "7 kal. Jan. 1/33." * This volume, which contains a collection of letters written by King Charles t!:e First and Second, the Duke of Ormond, the Secretaries of State, the I\larquis of Clanrickai'de, &c. &c. (intended to verify the History) was ])ublished iir>t, that the re- ferences to the proper pages of it might be made in the other volumes. In an unpid^lished IcHer to Dr. Z. Giey, date d IMiy 14, 1736, lie saj's, " I was laid up four mtmths this winter by the gravel and a lunibago, caught by coming to town in December, and lying one night at Ak'.'rman Barber's, in a bed not lain in since the May bei'Dre. 1 tliank Gtxl it is at last over ; but it has hin- dered my other ttvo volumes from being printed before this time. They will be fmisbed in ten days more, there being only about six sheets moie to print, and will be delivered in the beginning of June. However I send you now .six copies of the Letters, and shall be obliged to you for disposing of them. I -up})Ose you ha\e read that volume, and seen there the letters jeluting TG the Earl of Glamorgan^ who certainly forged every com- THOMAS CARTE. 475 pleted, by the publication of the two first volumes, in 1/^6; a publication which was afterwards of commission he pretended to from the King. I give you his character in the History very justly, but yet too tenderly drawn, because I am naturally unwilling to lyy a load, on any man's memoiy, except 1 am absolutely forcetl to it. I intimate (so strongly vhat nobody of common sense can mistake the thing) that he forged letters and conunlsbions witliout number ; and I could have produced the compiler of the Nuncio's memoirs in evidence (who had all those coannissions before his eyes, and all the papers signed by Glamorgan to tlie ^Nuncio), to prove the commissions and letters he pretended to from King Charles ab- solutely forged ; for he says he was perfectly actjuainted witti Glamorgan's secretary, and knew iiis hand-writing as well as his own ; and all those coinmib=ii>ns ana letters were wrote in the hand of an Irish priest, wiio was Gkuuoigaii's secretary. I considered that it is a delicate thhig to suy in ex})iess terms that such a writing is forged ; forgery is a churge to a great Noble- man as little to be used as the word lii^ to a Gentleman ; other words are to be ti^ed to express the same nieauing in i)Oth cases. I have done so in Glamorgan's c.t-e : and I can \eiy li'uly tell my friends the Duke of Beaidbrt and Lcud Zsoe! Somerset, that I have treated their ancestor tenderly ; though I really belie\ e no man that reads my book will think that I i.ave done so, boaides myself, who know what I have oniitlt^d to say. I have tloiie the same in other cases; but if any will tiiink tit to dispute that measure of iniquity which I assign to ai.y one m;in in my His- tory (which I only do for the sake of doing justice to tlie King or some other injured person) 1 aai leady lo make up his full accompt, which my tenderness to him m x\c -me decline, till I should be forced to it. I sliail wiite soiiielhing m(;ie to you on this subject v.li(ni I write le.^s in a iuiiry tlian 1 do now." In a subsequent letter, ..'.m. IH, l7;^;-7, he ;ulds, " I am ashamed of beirig so long .-silent --ince luy ii'tiirn from Bath in November la-t, and know not \shether )()u v.ill admit the following relation for a just e\(u.-t : I w;is eaUed thenee to take measures for ])reventim;' a jiiradeal iraj)ression of mv work in Ireland, nndei'taken there b\ some I)ul).in bookscilers. No friend I had in Lond(, and pirating his works, 1 consulted llie I'arliam; nt-oiiiee, and found it full for my })ur|;obe, declaring that uliosoe\er should presume to priiit any account of the Life, the Letlei:!, or other Works of any deceased Peer, without the consent of his lieirs or executors, should be punislied as giulty of a breieh of privilege t)f IJiat House. I carncM.1 an attested cojiy of this order to Lord Arran and his Lordslup .sent it to his agent in Duijlia, to serve u\)(n\ the Bookseileia eoacc^jned in that design, and discharge them in his 476'. 4-nERARY ANFXDOTKS. singular service to I>i-. Leiaiui, in the third volume of his History of Ireland. h\f> name finm prococding^ heroin. This, I hope, hii.'* stopped their piinting" ; but. ios it is ;i remedy only in my case, uad aris- ing: from the ])artieular nature of my work, there is still an ab- solute necessity for a new act of parliament to se(!ure the pro- perty of Authors ill their \^'orks ; and I shonld hope that %our Ilniven-ity would petition this seobion for such an act, of which Lord Cornbun', at the instance of Oxford, has a draught already made, ^Jiich has been approved by the Speaker, and will cau^e yfte u gooti deal of attendance in town this session. The hurry of that affair was not quite over, v.hen, going out of town sooner than 1 intended, one night in December, to Winchmore Hill, Avhere all my books and papers ate. and getting up at six in the morning (the servants being ail in bed), and coming down in the dark into the parlour where I usually sit and keep the papers I am using for the time, I found it on fiie, and about three feet in breadth of the top of the v.ainscot burnt. This was occasioned by a beam being put close under the hearth of a chamber above. Had I not discovered it in time, the whole, house would liave been burnt. As it was, all my papeis Nvxre hurried away, and put into a terrible confusion ; and though I have looked several times for your last letter, I could not find it till this moment that I sit down to answer it. My book has been entirely printed ever since July last, when I advertised that my Subscribers might Jiave it at my Printer's. It will not be pub- lished till next week after the meeting of the Purlianient ; but if the subscribers you were so kind as to procure for me at Cam- bridge wo\ild hai e their books sent down, and v\ill tell me how, J will take care to send them. I fiincy, after it comes to be genendly read, we shall hear no moie of accusations or reilec- tions on the King, with regard to the Rebellion of Ireland. I Iiave cleared all that affair so much to the satisfaction of the most considerable men of all parties, that 1 have received from both Whigs and Tories such comi)liment3 and expressions of esteem, that I know not whether I deserve, but I am sure I did not expect. All I shall say of it is, that no book was ever wrote with more integrity ar?d impartiality; and if all the load and odium of the Irish rebellion, encouragement of the rebels, and faint prosecution of the war, is laid ujion the Parliament, I ;oulfl not help it. and wrote what I foimd, what I can sup])ort bv undeniable evidence, and Mhat I was in conscience obliged to write. This Glamorgan's Secretary was an Irisli prie.'^t, bred up xvith the digester of the IMemoirs. I shew in my History that Glamorgan had left Oxford, had put to sea, and had like to have been taken in the Irish Channel before April '>0 ; and though he did escape into the North of England, y(>t nobody at Oxford knew afterwards where he was, nor could any letters (especially such 145 that to the Pope) be sent to him. In fine^ I have not the least THOMAS CARTE, 477 In this work he appears to have profited consi- derably by the instructions he had received from Dr. Swift * ; to whom, in a letter dated from least doubt but that Glamor^n forged every pretended power or commission he had ; and all of them so fully express his vanity, and are so adapted to his present views (views which in most cases could not arise till after he was in lieland), that they could have no other author but himself. I must observe to you, thai this letterV being directed to the Nuncio, is the only original of the King's uniting among his papei's (for Glamorgan only gave him copies translated of the othersf) j and whatever commissiou, or other powers, instructions, or letters, Glamorgan pretended to the Nuncio to have from the King, must be in a hand agree- able to that which the Nuncio iiad as an original." In a third letter, Feb. 2'2, 173lj-7, he says, " I will endeavour to do what you recommended to me in a less volume than the woik 1 hav& now published, that so it may come into the hands of all the workl. It shall be done some way or other. But I must fir.^r. make some searches, wliich I sliall have an opportunity of doing in a short time. For though I am eiitirely satisfied the Lord Herbeit assumed of himself the title of Earl of Glamorg;ui, ani ne\er had any fiant for it, nor any privy seal, nor auy graiit imder the signet, nmch less under tlie bread seal ; yet my ex- actm-ss will not let me assert a thing positively, till I have searched into every thing tluit can give any light into the huhject. bir William Dugf 'ojiifs transl.tt' d (ifth" (.i'ut rciniiriis^ion', it is no nr'.-at iNvnocv ^h;U thrv 'ij(i'il i"- .wiffii iii hm '^rrt'tai-vN iiund- T. F. Jiiii-hf d 478 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Mr. Awnsbaw's in Red Lion-court, Fleet-street, August II, I73C', he communicated his plan for writing a History of England. finished ray History of the Life of fJiefrxt Dnhe of Ormonde, and of the Ajffairs of Inliind in hi,i Time, I here sent! you a copy of that work, of which I hoir your acceptance. I have endeavoured to follow the inf-triiclio)i.s you gave me, and ho])e I have done so in some measure. If it have your approbation in any degree, it will be so much to my satistaction. It hath been long subject of complaint in England, that no history has yet been wrote of it upon authentic and ])ro|;er m:vterials ; and even those who have taken notice of the miiitaiy actions of our ancestors, have vet left the civil Iiistory of the kingdom (the most instructive of anv) untouched, for want of a pioper knowledge of the anti- (piitics, usages, laws, and constitution, of this nation. Rapin de 'I'hoyras, the last writer, was a foreigner, utterly ignorant in these lespects ; and, writing his histoiy abroad, had no means of clearing up any difficulties that he met v.ith therein. He made, indetnl, some use of Rymer's Foedera; but his ignorance of our customs suffered him to fall into gross mistakes, for want of understanding the phraseology of acts, which have reference to our particular customs. Besides, Rymer's collection contains only such treaties as were enrolled in the Tower, or in the rolls of C'haticery : he knew nothing of such as were enrolled in the Exchecpiei', and of the public treaties with foreign princes en- rolled in this latter office. 1 have now a list of abo\e four hvmdred bv me. Rymer never made use of that vast collection of mateii:ds for an English history, which is preserved in the lotton Library ; nor e\ er consulted any Journal or our Privy Council ; whenev<'r he refers to any, still quoting Bishop Burnet for liis author. He never read the Rolls of Parliament, nor anr Journal of either House, where the chief affairs within the Na- tion are transacted ; and did not so much as know there was such a place as tlie Pajicr-office, where all the letters of the .Ena:lish ambassadoi-s abroad, and all the dispatches of our se- cretaries of state at liome, from the time of Edward the Fourth lo the Revolution (^ince which the secretaries have generally carried away their })apers) are kept in a good method, and with ^reat regulaiity ; so th;;t he wanted likewise the best materials ibr an account of our foreign alfaiis. These defects have made sc\eral of our no'nility and gentry desire a new history to be w rote, in which the above-mentioned, and other materials, as authentic as they, may be made use of. They have ])roposed it to me : and in} ob'it ciions regarding the vastness of the expence as \v(;ll as labour, tliat, to satisfy myself, I must have all mate- rials i)V me; not only copies out of our records, journals, &c. in En!2;land, but even copies of negotiations of forei::::n ambassadors at tills court fe.g. of tlie French; all the negotiations and letters <>f which, for iwint out to vne such faults as I would fain coirect in my designed woik. It will l)e a very particular favour to a person who is, with the greate-t cstt^-m and rcopect, Sir, your very obliged and obedient servant, 'J'iio.MAS ('akxk." Many of the assertions, however, in the precerling letter are trroneous. Whoever will be at the pains of ((jiisuUing that valuable treasvwe called Ilymer's Ffi'dc-ra, will find tliat nu!n- . berless treaties and other matiriiis wvrv ('(illeclcd from the records of the Exche(pu'r, .-ince leu.'Dvcd into tiic (haj iter- house, and also from the Cotton Libiary. i\!.r.( V.rle :;Cem.- also to have been imac(pKiinte'' with the condition of liie Stme Papcr<, ivhirii were formeily kept in the *M (;ateu;'.y at \Vhiteiiall, but uhiik are now deposited within the buildin of the ri'u>^urv. '^ Reprinted in Gent. Mag. that y-.i, i).2'l7. .iG4. was. 480 LITERARY ANECDOTES. was over. However 1 wrote to Mr. Bettenham that I W'oiild take and dispose of ten copies of your Answer to Neal's fourth volume, as 1 did of your late Answer. I liave since sent for them ; but have not had them, I suppose because they are not yet pubhshed, or (as my bookbinder tells me from Mr. Bettenham's servant when I sent for them) because Mr. Bettenham does not print the book. I judge this last is a mistake of my bookbinder; but if Mr. Bettenham should not print it, I beg of you to send me word who does. I believe Oxford will fill by the end of this month; and then, 1 believe, about fifteen of the Colleges will subscribe towards my undertaking. As soon as that is done, I propose to try what those of Cambridge will do, in which I promise myself your good olfices. I have sent one of my Proposals to your neighbour Mr. Ongley (who, I sm told, is a very honest gentleman, of an ample fcrtune, and generous spirit), and have wrote to him on that subject. I do not know him perso- nally ; but he will consider the reason of the thing what is said in my letter, which possibl}', with your reasoning with him thereon, may induce him to subscribe. I have now 6'00/. a year either sub- scribed or promised me by gentlemen at a distance, who will siiin their names to the instrument when they come to town ; so that I am in little doubt but the v.ork will go on ; and nothing troubles me but the delay in completing the subscription, that 1 may get a meeting of the contributors, and fall to executing my scheme. 'Tis a large sum to be raised by private persons ; public bodies will, I hope, follow the example of the Chapter of Durham, who subscribed their ^20 guineas a year, and make up the rest." Soon after the date of this letter, he was resi- dent at Cambridge, collecting materials for such purpose from the University and other libraries. His head-quarters were at INIadingley, with the late Sir John Hinde Cotton, hart, wliose great collection of THOMAS CARTE. 48I of old pamphlets and journals, published during the great Rebellion (between 1640 and the Restoration) he metliodized, and had bound in a great number of volumes, now in the Library there. March 8, 1744, a cause was determined in his favour in Chancery, in which he was plaintiff, and his brother and sister, Samuel * and Sarah, defen- * Samuel Carte was admitted scholar of Trinity hall, Csun- bridge, May 5, 1704, and proceeded LL. B. He was afterwards a member of Symonds Inn, practised as a solicitor in Chancery Jn 1708, was eniinent in his protossion, and a learned Antiquary. Most of his MSS. and antiquarian papers (it is believed) were sold by his widow all together to the late learned Antiquary bir Thomas Cave, bart. Mr. Samuel Carte assisted Dr. Jack- son, school-mabter of Coventiy, in his " Account of the Be- nefactions and Charities belonging to tiiat City, particularly that of Sir Thomas White, Lond. 1733, Svof. He also, though his name does not appear, was the editor of the " Collectanea Ecclesiastica, by Samuel Brewster, esq. 1752," 4tO; and added many learned notes to that curious work. In the latter part of life he had chambers in Symonds Inn, but resided opposite to Dr. Stukeley, in the passage which leads from Queen's-aquare to Southampton-row. He was alive in 1760, but died not long after. I have some valuable letters of his in MS. on various matters of Antiquity. His brother John was admitted of the same Hall Jan. 9, 1707, where he took the degree of LL. B. He was chaplain to William the fifth LordDigbyj and was presented by his father (who possessed the advowson in right of his pre- bend) to the vicarage of Tachbroke, in the county of Waiwick ; aod afterwards, by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, to that jf Hinckley, in Leicestershire, where he was inducted Dec. ^0, 1720, and resided till his death, Sept. 17, 17^5. He seldom failed to preach twice every Sunday in the church at Hinckley, and once in Stoke church, of which he enjoyed the rectory as annexed to the vicarage of Hinckley. Tlie last time he preached was the Funeral Sermon of his Clerk James Merry, after which he never more was able to attend the duties of the church. The Sermon at his own funeral was preached by Dr. Jackson above mentioned to a crowded congregation at Hinck- ley, where Mr. Carte was b\iried, in the chancel, near the com- munion table ; and where no other memorial remains to his memory than an inscription on a gallery, that it was .erected in 1723, while he was vicar; though his surviving parishioners still speak of his learning, his probity, his simplicity of manners, and his unaffected piety, with a degree of veneration. He was a most zealous asserter of the rites and ceremonies of the Church f MS note by Dr. Richardipn, communicated by the Rev. William Cole. Vot. II, 1 1 . of 482 LITERARY ANECDOTES. dants, occasioned by a doubt in bis fatlier's will. By the report in this case (Atkyns III. I74.) it ap- of England, which, he justly observed, were equally I'emote from the extremes of Popery and Fsinaticisin ; and his o];iiuons were, founded on the firm basis of Scripture, witli ^^hich he was so intimately acquainted, as to be able to repeat Jhe greater j)art of the Bible. A favourite book of his Avas " Bi.s^e's Beauty of Holiness;" which, he said, was worth its weij.i:;ht in gold. Piloses Enjanuel, a .Tew of uncommon letuning, well known in that part of the crmntry as a travelling pedlai-, received always much pleasure from the conversation of Mr. Carte; who, in return, took amazing pains to convince hiin of the truths of Cliristianity. Their friendly altercations were long and frequent, and turned principally upon the lifty-fivst and fifty-third chap- ters of Isaiah. His absence of mind is lecollected in many re- markable particulars. Some yeais before his death he paid his addresEes to Miss Dugdale, of BlylhHall, near Coleshill (a lineal descendant of the illustrious Antiquaiy), and the wedding-day was fixed ; but he actually forgot to go till the day after that which was agreed on, when the lady with indignation refu.-ed lier hand, and the match w as broken off. Por]ietually absorbed in thouglit, he was careless in his dress, and totally destitute of oeconomy. He even carried his carelessness in money matters to such a degree, that when the inhabitants of Stoke have brought to him the tithes, which he never took the trouble to ask for, he has not uncommonly (if he chanced to be engaged ^vith a book) requested them to come at a future time, though perhaps the next hour he was obliged to boiTow a guinea for subsistence. The vicarage-house adjoins to the church-yard ; yet he was ffequently so engaged in study, that the sermon bell rang till the congregation were weary of waiting, and the clei'k was under the necessity of reminding liim of his duty. During the fifteen years in which he was vicar of Hinckley, he neglected to make any demand for tithes of the hamlet of The Hyde in that parish ; which his administrator discovering after his death, made a claim on the inhabitants of tli;it hamlet for tithes in kind; and, to recover them, tiled a bill in Ciiancery ; which came to a hearing inEa.ster term 1747- the Defendants insi.!,ted that* the vicarage was ne\er endowed, and that a contributory payment of seventeen shillings wtvich had formerly been made w cessors wanted ; but withal he laboured under greater disadvan- tages than an}' of vhcm with legard to a Civil History of this Nation; as being a Foreigner, and utterly unacquainted with our Constitutioji, Laws, and Customs, any farther than he could learn in conversation, or pick up in coftee-hotises, the common habitation of his countrymen in this city 5 so that his reasonings or reflections upon the passages of former times are too often founded upon the modern notions which he had thus imbibed. Writing his Histoid abioad, he wanted an opportimity (if the self-sufficiency, to which some natures ai'e subject, had not fctifled in him the inclination) of consulting persons better versed than himself in Antiquity, whose knowledge might ha^e supplied his defects, and whose informations might have helped to form or correct his judgment. The only advantage he had over others was, that he wrote after Rymer's Fcederu was published : and this circumstance, more than any other, contributed to recommend his History. But as a great number of technical words, relative to our particidar usages, are every where to be found in the in- struments published in that Collection, he, thi'ough the want of a sufficient knowledge of those usages, did not always under- stand their true meaning. The part which he made most use of in that work was, the j)ublic tieaties with foreign princes j but of these Rymer himself hatli given us only an imperfect collection; his work containing no treaties hui such as were en- rolled in Chancery, and are preserved in the Tower of London, or in tlie Office of the Rolls. Whilst I was in France, I was curious in searching for every thing that concerned my yn"n country 3 and have taken notes, or made abstracts, of near a thousand instruments of treacles and transactioi^ between the Crowns of England and France, which do not a])pear in Rymer, and yei are preserved in the King of Fi'ance's Tresor ties Chai^rex, and in the Rt'in^ters of tlie Cham'ore tics Comptes and of the ParJeinerd oi Farh. There lie concealed at tliis time in our own Archives some hundreds of the !ikf^])iiblic treaties with foreign princes and states, which would atrbrd great light to our History. I never observed in Rapiu any quoUition out of the .Journals of our Pri\y Council, unless at second hand from Dr. Fhirnci's History of the Refoi'inution ; though a conscientious Historian would ne\ei' take up aiiv thing on tiust, where he mi^lit examine the original, and a careful one would ne\er have omitted to consult the Books of that Ctnmcil, wherein the most important affiiirs, that pass as well within as without the Nation, are de- baled and transacted. It doth not appear from his Work, that he ever read, either the Rolls of Parliament, or the Journals of either House; which yet must be deemed absolutely necessary for an English Historian. It is certain that he never so much as saw the Paper Office, or he could never have been guilty of that THOMAS CARTE. 487 August. On the l8th of October, the Company of Goldsmiths voted " twenty-five pounds a year, that gross mistake, in affirming, that thei'e is not any one letter, that pjissed between Oueen Manj of Scotland and Qneen Elizabeth and her Mini'^ters, preserved in any of our Archives or Repositories of pubHc Papers ; w hen, if he had ever looked into the j)ress in that Office marked Scotland, an hundred labels would have offered themselves to his sight, ])ut on different bundles, and e\i)i'essing them to be letters from those very per- sons to one another in different years from 1569 to 1587. In this Office are preserved the Letters of all our Embassadoi"s in Foreign Courts, and the Disinitches of the Lords of the Privy Council, of the Clejks of the Council, and of our Seci'etaries of State to those Embassadors, in a constant series, from tlie time of Edward IV. down to the Re\ olution, in a regular order; besides a great number of original Treaties and other papei's, which will be found exceeding useful for an English Hl-tory. It \^ ill appear strange to e\ery one, v\ ho considers how necessary these are for the right understanding of our negotiations abroad, and our transactions with foreign stales, that no Historian hath yet made any use of the {)apers in tiiis Office. It is highly fitting, that a writer of the Hi.>^loi y of any kingdom should be in a good measure acquainted with the constitution, history, interests, and situation of the countries adjoining, with which there is a continual intercourse of fiieudly oi- hostile transactions. The Records likewise of all Countries for the same reason furnish abundance of Memoirs for the History of theii- Neighbours. This I have found particularly in France, where the territories which our Kings held of that Cro\vn obliged them to a perpetual Cor- respondence ; as the oj)})ressioi>s which the provinces subject to A";?:,' /ti suffered from ttieir (loxcrnors caused continual repre- sentations and complaints of giievances to the Kings of France or the Parlenicnt of Paris, and gave occasion to those (juarrels that broke out so often into open wars. I liave likewise seen, iu the Negotiations of tlie French Embassadors in England, much better accounts f)f passage.^ in our Court, of the characters of the great men about it, and of tiansactions in tiiis kingdom, than I h^ive yet seen in any of our Histories. I have by nie sonie tran- scripts of tlicse \egoliati(jns : 1 hfue read otliers ; and as the French are careful to piestr%e iu their families all tlie acts of their ancestors, it is ea.sy enough to jirocure them fuj at least 'Z()0 years piist. These materials for an 1 li-tory of England are mentioned, not only as tlie mott neces.,ary and useful for that purpose, but also as serving to point out tlie reason, why we liave hitheito wanted a good om; ; which I would fain think to be, not so nuuh a dread of the labour retpusitc for such a work, as the greatness of the; expence in jjrocuring thes" materials j an rxpence which no private person is able U> support. But what u iingle man cannot do, may eu'^ily be done b) a Society, The >voiUl 488 LITERARY ANECDOTES. for seven years, towards the charge of transcripts of records, negotiations, &c." and in December the world seems to be satisfied of the use of such Societies in other cases. Tliere is one lately formed for the Enroura^ement of X^eaming ; and as the very nature of the materials to be procured jhews the necessity of another in tlie present ease, it is hoped that a Society may be likewise formed to encourage the writing of an History of Ejigloxid; which, notwithstandiii^- the great ex- pence of the necessaiy materials, 8^c. will not perhaps coet more annually, than an Opera Subscription hath done of late years ; though this serves only for the transient amusement of some winter evenings to particular persons, wherciis a good History founded on such mateiials will be a lasting benefit to the pub- lick. It may not be improper to observe farther, that no time should be lost in setting about such a work, because many ma- terials are daily decaying and per ishing ; and those in private Jiands are subject to various accidents, besides that of fire, which lately made such destmction in the Cotton Lihrarij ; and that, when a Work of this nature is undertaken upon public encou- ragement, every private person who hath any useful materials for it will (as I have already experienced) be di3])osed to open his treasures, and communicate them for the public good, and for advancing the perfection of a Work that may do some hon- our to his country. T. Carte." The preceding Proposals were dated March 4, 1 736-7 j the Advertisement, dated ^August 9, 1744, was thus expressed: " Six years are passed, since I published Jl general Account of the necessary Materials for a History of England, and of the Method wherein I proposed to cany on that Work. The vast expence of procuring those materials, too heavy for any private person to support, rendered it necessary to attempt the raising of a fund sufficient to defray it, by the contribution of public bodies as well as of particular persons for that purpose. It was proposed that the Contributors ' should fomi themselves into a Society, and choose a Treasurer, for receiving their respective contributions, and for issuing out money to defray the necessary charges of ti-anscripvs, &c. in such form, manner, and propor- tion, as shall be directed in a Ger.cr.divlceting of the vSociety, or by a Committee of Coutributors cl osen out of the whole Body for those purposes, as well as for oveieeing the progress of the Work.' As it is highly fitting tlr>t c^ery Contribu'or should have entire satisfaction g-i\en iifm in ali tin :-e re.-- 'cts, it was provided in the instrumerit drawn up lo l,e s^fj '-^n by the Sub- scribers, that Reports thereof shmdd be nia^ie lu tinje to time by the Committee to the General As.-enib]yj and each Contribu- tor, in case he found any ground of exception, should he at liberty to withdraw his contribution whenever he pleased or should think fit to notify the same. The Undertaker of that History, for which the most important and chargeable materials were to be thus provided, had engaged in it out of no motive but THOMAS CARTE. 485^ Companies of Grocers and Vintners subscribed twenty-five pounds a year each for the same purpose. but public spirit, and with no view but that of doirig^ sei'^-^ce to his Countiy. He was ready to bring all the kuo\vledge he had ac- quired in tlie different studies of his life, and all the observations he had made in the course of tliirty years searching into the Records, the Antiquities, and the Hi^^tory of this Nation; and to employ all his time and labour for the future, towards carrying on the said Work : but he resolved to touch none of the Contri- butors* money; and the Regulations above meacioned shew plainly^ that he had no % iew of any private advantage to himself, The world in general was so well satisfied of the fairness of the Proposals, and so fully convinced of the necessity of a genei^ contribution for raising a fund answerable to the expences re- quisite for procuring the matei'ials mentioned in the said General Account, that a great many Noblemen and GentlemenV ac- tuated by a public spirit rarely equalled in any countrj-, sub- scribed their twenty and ten guineas a year, for the space of ieven years, towards the charges of the said materials, and of the amanuenses necessary for the greater dispatch of- the Woik. But, as the sums subscribed by particular persons did not appear sufficient for the needtid expences, it was thought proper to take in the assistance of Corporate Bodies, and to ap[)ly jMirticu- larly to the City of London, in which the most generous cncou- ragers of all pubUc works have been ever found, and whose ex- ample might probably have a proper influence upon others. The State of the Case, and the Account of the necessary Materialji, were accordingly communicated to the greatest part of tlie Representative Body of that City ; and tliere seemed a general disposition in all parties to encourage the undertaking, and to subscribe a considerable yearly sum in the name of the City. But the affair of the Mansion-house having at that time given occasion to various disputes, and raised great animosities among the Citizens, it was thought advisable by those ^vho wcixi most ze-dous in promoting the subscription (which at any other time would not, in their opinion, meet with the least oppositi(m) to defer the motion to a more favourable opportunity. 'Till that f)pportimity offered, I resolved to go on with the work at my own expence ; ^vhich has been much greater than is pioj>cr for me to mention, or can be eisily conceived by others : and Ixave dedicated to it all the time I have since had to C()mn}and. I went to Paris, where, tiirough the humanity anil fiiendshij) of the learned Abbe SalL'er. kwpei- of the Royal l>ii)rary, I had an opportunity of perusing all those materials for an EtiglisU History, which are taken notice of in the General Account, p. ^3. lie lent me all the manuscilpts of tliat Library, whieh I luul oeea- fcion for; and, upon my simple note of receipt, sent thenj home to my lodgings, by four or five, and souietiuies more, volumes At a time: so desirous arc tbey uiioad to make tlitjr Librurief use- 4f}0 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Mr. Carte's Proposals for priiitins^ his " History of England" were circulated in 1746'; and the tirst useful to the world ; and such a facility do learned men meet with in that Conntfy, in Iniving the nio^t curious manuscript?, that can contribute to any public work they have undertaken, communicated to thcni, witli all the saving of time and circum- stances of com-enknce that they can de>ire. There I read over several volumes of original Letters wrote !iy our Engihsh as w tU as other Pi'inces of Europe to the Kings of France, the instruc- tions given to French Embassadors sent into England and other countries, Dispatclies of their Ministers of State, abundance of other Memoirs relative to oiu* History, aiid several antient Chronicles and Annals of English allairs, wliieh are to be .-:ecn in that Libi'ary, the best furnislied with manuscripts of any in Europe. Tliere I copied Robert M'ace's History of the Dukes of Normandy and the Conquest of England, from a manuscrij)t of the Author's age ; and a great many Tieaties between the Crowns of France and Scotland, and even England, which are not printed in Rymer. 'I'liere t perused all the Letters and Negotiations of the French Embassadors in England mentioned in the Catalogue at the end of my General Account, from the year lo96 to lo'6'O, and those of Signor Valarezzc, and other Venetian Enibas.sadoi"s. Ut the Court of England in the time of Kn.g James I. ; all which are preserved in thatLibraiyj except some few, which I met with in private hands, or copied from other libraries. Of tliis last sort are the Negotiatior.s of M. lyEJfiat in l(j'24 and I(>'25, of M. de Monstrenil from 1646 to 1G50, and oi A)itoi)ie de Kcu- ville Sieur de Bordeavx from 1()5'2 to 1660, VNhich : vjopied fiv-.m the Manuscript? in the Library of S. Germain des Prez. The three brothers ,'^iJ/oi?ie, Francois, and Gilles de NoaiHes, ancestoi-s of the present Mareschal of that name, were embassadors here, during all the reign of Otieen iTiun/ and the (irst year and half of Queen Elizabeth. Their letters and negotiations are only to be foimd in the Cabinet of the Mareschal de Nnailles ; and are so very valuable that Jiusscn, the bookseller on the Quay des Au- gnstins at Paris, ofiered his Grace thirty thousand livres for a copy thereof, in order to ])riut them. Ihe Mareschal refused the ofler ; yet, by a wonderful generosity, allowed me to take a copy of all tho?e Negoiiationr-, without any condition, but the obliging one of sending bum a eopj of my History, when it was published. The Letters and Negotiations of Bcrtrand de Salig- vac Sieur de la Mnthe-Fenehn, wiio resided eight years at the court of Queen ElizabelJi, and was embassador here trom the beginning of A. D. 1569 to 1576, are only in the hands of the present Marquess de Fenelon. They take up (i^e large volumes closely wrote in folio, and contain an infinite ninnber of curious passages ; ])articularly in relation to Queen M'try of Scotland, a great many of whose letters are theie inserted. The INlaiquess coining, in the Lent of 1740^ from his enibassy in Holland, to pass three THOM.\S CARTE. 491^ Volume was actually completed in December I747 ; when unluckily the credit of the whole was over- three or four weeks at Paris in settling; his pri\'ate aflPairs, I applied to him for the use of those Vohimes, which he veiy kindiv granted ; and I would firladly have copied them entirely : but, he expecting every day to be ordered back to the Hague, I was apprehensive that I should not have time enough for a transcript, and was therefore forced to content myself ^vith mak- ing extracts of all the material passages and princi])al circum- stances therein, thougli I yet made them a.^ ample as the time would allow. I was, for another reason, full as cogent, I mean the want of ability to defray the charge of entire transcripts, obliged to take up with the like extracts of the Negotiations of several of the Embassadors mentioned in the aforesaid list ; that is, of such as resided here in settled tiint^s 5 for ;\s to those who resided at this Court in times of revolution, as Mess"s de NoaiUrs at the time of the Reformation, and Mess'-^ de Sabran, de Mon- slreuil, and de Bordeaux, who were here during the confusions and usurpations that happened between UMl and 16G0, I have been ever careful to take entire copies of their Negotiations. As for the List seven or eight French embassadors in England after the year 1(>6'0 mentioned in the aforesaid list, their Negotiations are not in the King of France's 1 jbrai-y, nor even in the hands of any of their descend mts; for 1 si)ared no p;lin^ in enquiring after them among evny bi-anch of their families. P. Le Long indeed, in his BUAiotheqne Hiatorkjue de la France, says oflho.se of M. de Colbert in 16/2, and of M. de Colbert rVo:4,-f//'in 16"6"S ar^d 1669, that tli'.-y were in tht; Library of the late iM de Colbert Croissif, P.ihhop of Moutpeller : but M. de Torcij hunself, to whom that Prelate had kil liis librar}', on condition of paying a sum of money to an Ihjspival, and to whom 1 a])plitd for thetn, told me it iras a mistake; ajul that tlteij had been dtlirered up to L,onis\lV. (which I am jK-nsiiaded was the general practice in that Prince's ireign), and were now only to be found in the Dcjiot ponr les affaires etraninn-of;. 'J'his Depot an-^wcrs to our Pajicr Office in England, and is under tlie diiection of the Minister for Foreign Afl'airs, who appoints the Keeper of it. It is kept over the West Gatehou.se ff the O/iZ Loiirre, in several ciianibei-< ; there being a di.'^tinct unt allotted to the negotiations of each Couiiiiy. That for Eiigliind Is full of treaties, negotiations, and letters of cm- ba'-s-adors at lUv, court of London, from tlie time of Philip jiu- gnstuH to the pre.^ent age. Tlies-e arc kept in great order, and very well pr:?feervcd ; not tied up in bundles (as those in our Paper Office are) but always ready foi- u^e, l^ound \\\) in volume s, with very good tables to each volume, and a g-uMai table to the whole, so well digested, that a Minister nr.iy, i)y looking into it; and calling for the volumes to whieii it refeis, inform himself in an hour's time of all that has ever been transacted or detei mined, v.ith regard to any dJ;i)Ut.'.d tkiiiii, light,, po- ''i;!!;!], place, or eercs 452 LITERARY ANECDOTES. thrown by a story wliicli he unnecessarily intro- and finding they were in none of their libraries, I desired, at my coining away, a friend to apply to another grandson of the Em- bassador's, by his only daughter ; and it was signified to me on that occasion, that if M. de BariUon' s Negotiations were not in his own library, they were at least in the Depot for Foreign Aftairs, and I should Irave them tiience, whenever I wanted them, to transcribe as I should see proper ; it being a fitting- civility to be rendered to a person who had done so great a ser- vice to that country by publishing a Cattilogue of the Gascnn, Norman, and French KcJls, in the Tower of Lo?:s under the Seal of their Chan- chery or Exchequer began to bo. rcfiularly enrolled, and kept in proper repositories. The Survey of tlie Lands of the Kingdom in Doyncsddj/ Jyaak, and the Sheriffs Acconipts for one year of Hennj I. and foi" all the roii-n (except the first year) of Henry II. among the Rolls in the Pipe Oflice, are indeed more antient : but these ai'e not properly acts of our Kings, nor were the acts of otlier Kings in Europe usually enrolled and entered upon record before that time ; for I am sure they have not in France, nor could I ever hear that they have in any other European coimtry, any series of Records more antient. Before that time, the Chancellor kept by him copies of all Grants that passed the Great Seal, and when he died (for in France the Chancellor enjoys his post for liie) a warrant was issued for his executor or heir to deliver those copies to his successor j but perhaps this was not constantly done, at least there are very few of those warrants preserved. 'Tis \ery probable that the like method was observed in England, and perhaps generally throughout Ein-opc. An ac- cident sefuns to have altered tins method universally. Philip August (as IV. de Breton a contemporary writer tells us, at the end of the fom th book of his thilUppiade) was surprized in an am- bush at a jdace called Bellefoge, between Blois and Fretc.val, by Richard I. of England, who there took, besides all that Prince's equipage, the Great Seal of France, and the copies of all Grants that had been passed imder it during his reign, which it was usual in tliose days for Kings to take with them into the field- M. Gucrin, tlie then Chancellor, took care by a Proclamation to oblige all persons, to whom any of those Grants had been made, to bring in their originals, that ricw copies thereof might be taken : and the misfortune having made them more sensible of the inconveniences of not kuowiug how to have recourse on occasion to authentic cojjies of former grants, an office was erected for the regular enrolment thereof, and a fixed place ap- pointeil for their safer custody. This method seems to be intro- duced at the sam: time in England, \\here from the time of Richardl. all the Acts of our Kings in the course of their Go- vernment, that have passe'] under any of their Seals, have been con; tantly entered on record. 'Tis from these Records then, that we are to derive the surest accounts of tl:e conduct of our Princes, and the manner of their govci'nment ; 'tis by these we see how the Prerogative was exercised in wise and good, or abused and stretched in weak and bad reigns ; 'tis by going re- gularly through these, that we shall be enabled to clear up the rights and pri\ ileges of tiie Sidyeet, to disetn'cr what encroach- ments liave been made from time to time upon them in any instaiice> THOMAS CARTE. 495 This imprudence was fatal to his interest *. The Corporation of London (in consequence of a instance, and by what ste;'s, or under what pretences, this hath heen done 5 and to trace up to the beginning the vai;ious changes that have hap])ene(l in our Courts of Judicature, in our maxims of Law% in our n^ethods or forms of Justice, and in received usages and practices which served once for Barnci-s to our Li- berticii. "11.-, from thence indeed that the chief and most impor- tnnt matei'ials for the Second and Third Volumes of my History ^vvhicli will contain a relation of our Englhh aftairs fi'om the time of Richard I. to the Revolution) are to be taken. 'Tis the extraoi'diriaiy ex pence of going through the immense quantity of these records in tlie different arcliives of this kingdom, that in- duced so many persons of quality and dihtinction to contribute towards it in so generous a maimei', and to agree in the above- mentioned Subscription. 'Tis this that has engaged the City of Loxjjox, the most considerable body in the kingdom, and the most interested in its conmion good, to subscribe fifty pounds a year for seven years towai'us those charges ; which iias effec- tuiilly lemoved all the ap[)rehcnjions ] e\er had hi rdlation to the success of the undertaking. And as I have some reason to think that their example will be soon followed by other Bodies, as wtll as by several particulai' Gentlenu'n, I lK)})e the Subsciibers will be pleased to hold a general meeting some time in the month of Oclolur next, to put matrcrs into form ; to order what f-hdW be needful for the tran.'-cribing of sucli Records and Papers in our Aicliives, as shall ajjpear neccssai'y for theW^ork, in which no time ougiit to be lost ; anil to appoint a select Committee, for regulating the mea.-5Ui'e3 proper to be taken, and for overseeing e\ery thing tliat i.-, to be done in the execution of so important a design , T h o . Ca u x e . " Apni25, 1 775, the following advertisement appeared : " Carte's Collection of Papci>, All that part of them which was to serve as matenals for the continuation of hi:^ History of Engiand, from the dissolution of Ohver Cromwell's Parliament, in i6"54, down to the Revolution in 1GS8, rciuuins -till unpubiislied, consisting of "20 folius, 15 quartos, and some looie papers, to all which arc copious inde.'vt'S. Tliey contain chiLily the Papers of Admiral Montagu. fin.t Earl of Sandwich ; th(;se of the Earl of Hunting- don and Philij) Lord W'h.Lrion, compnhending the Correspond- ences between those Noblemen and tlia pi'incipal OOicers of State during that pjiiod, with many other curious and interest- ing Papers. Any I'er^^on willing to treat fur the ii--e of them, rnay see an abridged Catalogue thcieof at Mr. Cliallouer's, lincn- diaper, Tavistock-stiL-i^t, Covcnt (iarden," * The substance of the obnoxious note shall here be given. speaking of the unction of kings, and the gift of healing the scrophulous lannuur called the Kind's Evil, exercised bv some Euiopean Princes, anointed at their Coronations, and sue'- teejinir 49 n A OL IF K K of 4^8 LITERARY ANECPOTES. stantaneously fell into almost total, but certainly into undeserved, neglect ; from which, however, it appears to be now recovering very fast, by the great of malevolent people ; for the person touching is not named., and what is haid of him agrees to more than one person. I have not in that Discourse delivered my own opinion on the sul)ject, contenting myself with relating those mentioned by W. of Malmesbury. Seveml curious and knowing persons have wjotc upon it ; particularly J)r. Tooker, a Divine, and Mr. John Brnw nr. Surgeon to King Charles II. the book of the formei' being ])ul)-- lished, 1597, under the title of 'Charisma 3' that of the latter, 10"84, under the title of 'Charisma Basiiicon.' I have not seen Tucker's or Tookers book these thirty years j so long is it siiu^e the relation I quoted thence was copied. I have transcribed others, very remarkable ([;articularly the cure of a German, who had been thirteen monilis his patient, by the royal touch), from Clowes, an experienced smgeon in Queen Elizabeth's time, who published a treatise, 1602, of the artificial cure of that dis- temper ; though he owns throughout it, that the Queen's touch was the only infallible remedy. Btit, though I have not these books by me^ nor a thousand others from which I have extracted passages, I think I may fairly make use of my own transcripts. The late learned Mr, Anstis, in the 26th page of a MS discourse on Coronations, which he left at his death unfinished, hath these words, ' The miracidt)us gift in curing this distem])er [the King's- evil] by the Royal Touch of our Kings, as well as of the Fi'ench Kings, is undeniable ;' and in p. 49, taking notice of his having convinced a Siugeon of the antiqviity of our Kings touching by several citations from our records, he adds, ' "jhat he [the Sur- geon] published these citations, and tlierefore I refer you [i, e. his son, the prest nt Garter, to whom the Discourse is addressed] to that pamphlet.' I passed some days with him at Mortlake about twenty-six years ago, when a pamy)hlet, wrote by a sur- geon, about the King"s-evil, was advertised in the newspaper, and had a good deal of discourse with him on the subject ; and, by what was then said, I am persviaded that Mr. Becket's Enquiry into the vVntiquity and Kflficacy of Touching for the King's-evil, printed in octavo, 1722 (according to the booksellers' style, who begin their year even before Christmas), was the pamphlet in question : but I never saw it, and had entirely forgot the name of the sui'geon; when, having Mr..Anstis's Discourse above men- tioned before me, and consulting a learned gentleman (who had studied and practised physick above forty years, and transcribed my note for the press) about the name of the surgeon referred to by Mr. Anstis, it was either by his opinion, or my own inad- vertence, that I put down Tooker for the name of that surgeon. 1 have endeavoured to find out this pamphlet, but ia vain ; the present Mi'. Anstis had neither that nor any other treatise on the subject in his library. Whoever hath it, may observe by the recordii cited in it (especially if the accounts of the Household in Cth THOMAS CARTE. 499 advance of price both in the booksellers' catalogues and at the public sales. 6th of Edward I. which there is scarce a man in England, be- sides Mr. Anstis, hath ever looked into, be cited for the cure of 182 persons of the King's-evil by that Prince) whether the au- thor be the surgeon to whose booic he refers. After all, whe- ther the surgeon's name be Tooker, or Becket, or any other, is a matter of very little consequence. Dean's Yard, Feb. 13, 1747-8." See more on the subject in Carte's History, book IV, sect. 43. " Verses from the Jacobite Journal, addressed to the immor- tal Mr. Carte," appeared in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1748, p. 135. Dr. Plot, in his Natural History of Oxfordshire, c. 10, 125, Plate 16, N" 5, gives a drawing of the Touch-piece supposed to be given by Edward the Confessor. The ribbon, he says, was white. Mr. Barrington has preserved an anecdote, which he heard from an old man who was witness in a cause with respect to this supposed miraculous power of Healing, " He had, by his evidence, fixed the time of a fact, by Queen Anne's having been at Oxford, and touched him, whilst a child, for the evil : when he had finished his evidence, 1 had an opportunity of asking him whether he was really cared ? Upon which he answered, with a significant smile, that he believed himself to have never had a complaint that deseiTcd to be consi- dered as the Evil ; but that his parents were poor, and had no objection to the bit of gold." The learned and honourable Writer very properly obsei*ves on this occasion, " that this piece of gold, which was given to those who were touched, accounts for the great resort upon this occasion, and the sup- posed afterwards miraculous cures." Fabian Philips, in his 'IVeutise on Purveyance, p. 257, asserts, " that the angels issued by the Kings of England on these occasions amounted to a charge of three thousand pounds per annum ; and Queen P21iza- beth was so tired of touching tliose who desired to be cured for the P)vil, that in Gloucestershire, during one of her progresses, she told those who were pressing on her, that ' God only could relieve them from their complaints.' By a Proclamation, March 25, 161C, it appears that the Kings of England would not jier- mit such patients to a[)proach them during the summer ; and, by another proclamation, June 18, 1G2G, it is ordered, that no one shall ajjply for this purpose, who does not bring a proper certificate that he was never touched before j a regulation which undoubtedly arose from some sufjposed patients, who had at- teni])ted to receive the bit of gold moj'e than once. Sir Kenelm Digl>y informed Mons. Monconys, that, if the person had lost the piece of gold, the comphiiiit immediately returned. GemeUi (the famous Traveller) gives an account of IGOO persons being presetited for this purpose to I>ouis XIV, on Easter Sunday, 1666. Tlie words used were, Lc Roy te touche, Ditu te giierisse. K K. 'J Every 5eO LITERARY ANECDOTES. The first volume, printed in 1747, and sold by J. Hodges, on London-bridge ; was inscribedy Every Frenchman received 15 sous, and every Foreigner 30. Observations on the Statutes, 1775> p. 107, 108. Since the above was first printed, my old friend the Rev. Wil- liam Bickerstaffe sent me a copy of the original Proclamation ; which, to use his own words, " in print and enframed, is yet preserved in St. Martin's church vestry in Leicester, of whi('h the late Historian Carte's father was vicar ; which faculty in the Stewart Family the said Carte in his History of England ha^ iuii' asserted, suffered the loss of his annual subsidy from the Cham- ber of London." " At the Court at Whitehall, 9th of January 1683. Present, the King's Most Excellent Majesty ; Lord Keeper, Lord Privy Seal, DukeofOrmond, Duke of Beaufort, EailofOxford, Earl of Huntingdon, Earl of Bridgewatcr, Earl of Petcrborow, Earl of Chesterfield, Earl of Clarendon, Earl of Bathe, Earl of Craven, Earl of Nottingham, Eai4 of Rochester, Lord Bishop of London, Mr. Secretary Jenkins, Mr. Chancellor of the Duchy, Loi'd Chief Justice Jeffiyes, Mr. (iodolphin. Whereas, by the grace and blessing of God, the Kings and Queens of this Realm, by many ages past, have had the ha})piness, by their sacred touch, and invocation of the name of God, to cure those, who are afflicted with the disease called the Kings-evil ; and his Majesty in no less measure than any of his Royal Predecessors, having had good success therein 3 and, in his most gracious and pious disposition, being as ready and willing as any King or jQueen of this Realm ever was, in any thing to relieve the distresses and necessities of liis good subjects ; yet, in his princely wisdom, foreseeing that in this (as in all other things) order is to be observed, and fit times are necessary to be appointed for the performing of this* great work of cliarity, his Msijesty was therefore this day pleased to declare in Council his Roy;il will and pleasure to be, That (in regard heretofore the usua4 times of presenting such persons for this piupose have been prefixed by his Royal Predecessors) the times of public healings shall from henceforth be from the Feast of All-Saints, conunonly called Alhallow-tide, till a week before Christmas ; and after Christmas until the first day of March, and then to cease till the Passion-week, being times most con- venient, both for the temperature of the season, and in respect of contagion, which may happen in this near access to his Majesty's sacred Person. And when his Majesty shall at any time think fit to go any progress, he will be pleased to appoint such other times for healing as shall be most convenient. And his Majesty doth heieby accordingly order anfl command, that, from the time of publishing this his Majesty's order, none pre- sume to I'epair to his Majesty's Court to be healed of the said disease, but only at or within the times for that purpose hereby appointed as aforesaid : And his Majesty was farther pleased to order. THOMAS CARTE. 501 ^* To the Duke of Beaufort, President, and to the Society of Noblemen and Gentlemen [for the order, that all such as shall hereafter come or repair to the Court for this purpose, shall brina; with them certificates, under the hands and seals of the parson, vicar, or minister, and of both or one of the churchwardens of the resj)ective parishes where they dwell, and from whence they come, testifying, ac- cording to the tinith, that they have not, at any time before, been touched by his Majesty, to the intent to be healed of their disease. And all ministers and churchwardens are hereby re- quii-ed to be very careful to examine into the tnith, before they give such certificates, and also to keep a register of all certifi- tates they shall from time to time give. And, to the end that all his Majesty's loving subjects may the better take kno\vledge of this his Majesty's command, his Majesty was pleased to direct, that this Order be read publicly in all parish-churches, and then be affixt to some conspicuous place there ; and for that end the same be printed, and a convenient number of copies sent to the Most Reverend Father in God the Lord Archbishop of Canter- burj', and the Lord Archbishop of York, who are to take care that the same be delivered to all parishes within their respective provinces. Loyd. " London, printed by the Assigns of John Bill deceased, and by Henry Hills, Printers to the King's most excellent Majesty. " In "The London Gazette," N" 1893, from Monday, Jan- uary the 7th, to Thursday January the 10th, 1683-4, is the following advertisement; viz. " j4denochoiradelogia ; or, an Anatomick-Chyrurgical Treatise of Glandules and Strumaes, or King's-evil-swellings. Together with the Royal Gift of Healing or Cure thereof, by contact or imposition of Hands, performed for above G40 years by our Kings of England, continued with their admirable Effects and miraculous E\ents ; and concluded ^v ith many wonderfiU Examples of Cures by their Sacred Touch ; all which are succinctly described by John Browne, one of his Majesty's Chynirgeons in ordinary, and Chynjrgeon of his Ma- jc'-ty's Hospital ; published with His Majesty's Royal Approba- tion : Together w ith tlie Testimony of many eminent Doctors and Chyiairgeons. Sold by Samuel Lowndes, over against Exfter-Change in the Strand." To this \olume is prefixed a head of the Author, by R.White, not enumerated by Mr. Granger, on which is written, " Johannes Browne, Regis Britannici, nee non Xosocomii sui Chirurgus Ordinarius ;" with a picturesque View of the Sovereign's performing the Ceremony ; and by this publication it appears, that from May IG60 to A])ril 1(;82 no less than 92,107 persons had l)een touched by the King. The I'orm of '* Prayers at the Healing," an Ofiice which is omitted in Dr. Nichols's ' Su})plemcnt to the Commentary on the Book of Common Prayer, 1711," was originally printed singly, and re-printed among the Additions to L'Estrange's "Alliance of Divine Oflicc?," folio. Tlie whole Form is also preserved by Pp. 502 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Encouragement of an Essay towards a complete English History;] the Chancellor, Masters, and Bp. Kennett, in his " Register," p. 731 ; with a remark, that " he thinks this was the only Office changed by King James II. and performed by his own Priests j" and ''that it was restored by Queen Anne, with very little correction." Mr. Thomas Fuller, in his ''Appeal of injured Innocence," hath recorded, from Dr. Heylin, the Form of the Service at the Healing of the King's-evU by King Charles I. with no difference in the Form but in the Collect ; for which see Bp. Kennett's Register, ubi supra. Dr. Ducarel informed me, that being, in 1746, on a visit to the Rev. Mr. Bush, tlien vicar of Wadhurst in Sussex, he was shewn, in the Register-book of that parish, the following entiy : " We, the minister and church- wardens of the parish of Wad- hurst, in the county of Sussex, do hereby certify, that Mr. Ni- cholas Barham of this parish, aged about 24 years, is afflicted (as we are credibly informed) with the disease commonly called the King's-evil ; and (to the best of our knowledge) hath not heretofore been touched by his Majesty for the said disease. In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 23d day of March, 1684. John Smith, Vicar. Robert LoNGLY,~) ^, , , rr V > Church-wardens. Thoma,s Yonge, J Registered /)er me, John Smith." Dr. Ducarel did not find in the Register that any other person had a certificate for the King's-evil except Nicholas Barham. That branch of the family of the Barhams is lately extinct, though many of the same name remain now in the parish ; and their estate is gone to the family of the Eagrles. The London Gazette, No 2180, from Thursday Oct. 7 to Monday Oct. 11, 1686, contains this advertisement : "White-hall, Oct. 8, His Majesty is graciously pleased to ap- point to heal weekly for the Evil upon Fridays ; and hath com- manded his Physicians and Chirurgeons to attend at the office appointed for that purpose in the Meuse, upon Thursdays in the afternoon, to give out tickets. Hereof all ministers of parishes are required to take notice, and to be careful to register the certificates they grant, in a book kept for that purpose." Ridiculous as this mode of cure may appear, there was a re- gular form of service in the Book of Common Prayer for the occasion. It m:") bear all the marks of an honest and upright disposition in their author. On the subject of the Royal Touch he delivers himself in tlie follow- ing strong and unequivocal terms : ' I myself have been a fre- quent eye-witness of many hundreds of cures peiformed by his Majesty's touch alone, without any assistance of Chirurgery ; and those many of them such as had tired out the endeavours of able Cliirurgeons before they came rhither. It were endless to recite what I myself have seen, and what I have received acknowledg- ments of by letter, not only from the several parts of the Nation, but also from Ireland, Scotland, Jersey, and Guernsey.' The question which will naturally arise upon this passage is. Did Wiseman really believe what he asserted, or was he knowingly promoting an imposture ? Both suppositions have their diffi- culties, yet both arc in some degree probable. His warm attach- ment to the Royal Family and early prejudices might in some measure make his faith preponderate against his judgment j and, on the other hand, certain passages in his treatise necessarily shew a consciousness of collusion and fraudulent pretensions. It was his business, as Serjeant-surgeon, to select such afHicted objects as were proper to be presented for the Royal Touch. In the history of the disease, relating its various states and appear- ances, he says, ' Those which we present to his Majesty are chieHy such as have this kind of tumour about the muscnlus tnnstu'uleus, or neck, with whatever other circumstances they are accompanied ; nor are we difficult in admitting the thick-chapped upper lips, and eyes affected with a I'lppitudo ; in other cases we give our judgment more warily.' Here is a selection of the slightest cases, and a manifest doubt expressed concerning the success in more inveterate ones. A little below, obsei-ving that the stnuvo' will often be supi)urate(l or resolved unexpectedly from accidental ferments, he says, ' In case of the King's toucli, the resolution doth often hap|)en where our endeavours ha\c sig- nified nothing 3 yea, the wry i^ionviaia ; insomuch that I ;nn cau- 504 LITERARY ANECDOTES.' Colleges; the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council of the City of Londcm, and the worshipful Companies of Grocers, Goldsmiths, and Vintners ; by whose generous encouragement the work was imdertaken. Printed for the Author, at his house in Dean's Yard, Westminster." On a petition from Mr. Carte to the Court of Coi*imon Council, Oct. 11, 1750, fifty pounds were paid him for the year which was nearly elapsed when the subscription was withdrawn. And it is to the honour of his fortitude, that he was not dis- couraged from prosecuting the undertaking ; and perhaps he might receive private aid and support, though public assistance was withdrawn. The second volume (containing an Account of all Public Transactions from the Accession of Henry the Third, in 1216, to the death of Henry the Se- venth, in 1509) appeared in I750 ; and in the pre- face to this volume, he vindicates the obnoxious note in the first, and asserts his own accuracy *. cautious of predicting concerning them (though they appear never so bad), till 14 days be over,' From this we learn, that the Touch was by no means infallible, and that the pretence of its succeeding was not given up till a fortnight had passed with- out-aay change fw. the better. Indeed it appears veiy plain that the worst kind of cases were seldom or never offered the Touch ; for in no disease does Wiseman produce more observations from his practice of difficult and dangerous chirurgical treatment, and in not one of these did he call in the assistance of the Royal Hand. It was indeed proposed in a single instance, but under such circumstances as furnish a stronger proof of imposture, than any thing hitherto related. A young gentlewoman had an obstinate scrophulous tumour in the right side of the neck, under the maxilla. Wiseman applied a large caustic to it, brought it to suppuration, treated it with escharotics, and cured it. ' About a year after,' he says, ' I saw her again in town, and felt a small gland of the bigness of a lupin, lying lower on that side of the neck. I would have persuaded her to admit of a resolvent emplaster, and to be touched ; but she did not, as she said, believe it to be the King's-evil.' Here, after allowing his patient to undergo a course of very severe surgery, he is willing to ti-ust the relics of the disease to the Royal Touch, assisted by a resolving plaster ; but the complaint was now too trifling to cngcge her attention. Surely the gixatest opponent of the touch will not place it in a more contemptible light !" * He hiii\ as he himself says, p. 43, of his Vindication of the full Answer to a Letter from a By-Stander, " read abundance of col- THOMAS CARTE. 505 The third volume, to which a Preface is also prefixed*, was published in I75I ; and contains an Account of all Public Transactions, from the Ac- cession of Henry VIII. A. D. 1509, to the Marriage of the Elector Palatine with the Princess Elizabeth, Daughter of James I. in A.D. l6lS- The fourth volume (containing an account of all Public Transactii^is, from the Marriage of the Elector Palatine with the Princess Elizabeth, A.D. 1613 to A. D. 1654, about five years before the Restoration) was published^ after the Author's death, in 1755, by W. Russel-j~, at Horace's Head, without collections relating to the time of King Charles II. and had in his power a series of the memoirs from tlie beginning to the end of that reign ; in which all the intrigues and turns at Court, at the latter end of the King's life, which Bishop Burnet, with all his gofit for tales of secret liistory, and all his genius for con- jectures, does not pretend to account for, are laid open in the clearest and most convincing manner 5 by the person \vho was most affected by them, and had best reason to know them." In the second volume of this History there is a very clear account of the constitution of our Parliament, and of the time when Cities and Boroughs first came to be rcpresenteil ; shewing the difference between the King's Council in parliament and the Parliament itself} in which he has remo\ed the mistakes of writers, who had confounded them. In the early part of the English history Mr. Barrington prefers the authority of Carte to any other Historian. As he was indefatigable in his researches, having dedicated his whole life to them, so was he most exact in his authorities, many of which were new ones. He was as- sisted, in what relates to \\'ales, by the labours of Mr. Lewis Morris, of Penryn in Caidigan.-hire (vol. I. p. 33). His political prejudices cannot be supposed to have had any bias in what re- lates to a transaction 5(K) years ago, and which has nothing to do with the royal touch for the cure of the king's evil. But perhaps the best account of this work is that given by Mons. D'Eyverdun, in a note to his ci itique on Mr. W'al pole's " Historic Doubts," in his " Menioires Littcraires de la (irande Brctagne pour Ian 17Gb. Lond. 17G9," 8\o, p. 24. " M. C'arte a donne une hlstoire generale de I'Anglctei-ie en 4 volumes en folio, dans le dessein de I'opposer a celle do Rapin. II est mort avant d'avoir achevd ce grand travail, qu'il a pou.-^e juscpi'au Protectorat de Cromwell. Ce scavant ou\rage, d'ailleurs a-^sez mal eciit, est rcm{)li de recherches fort utiles, et de prejuges qui ne le sont gueres." * Twenty-two copies of the three volumes were sent, in IT.'i'Z, to Mons. De I^moignon, Grand Chancellor of France. f Son of a Nonjuring (,'lrrgynian, who was educated at S(, John's college, Cambridge, and kept a boarding-hou^e in West- 50t) LITEiRARY ANECDOTES. Temple Bar. At the conclusion is the following short apology: " The Author proposed to have car- ried on this volume to the Restoration ; but Death unhappily put a period to it sooner." For the purpose of completing his History to the above- mentioned period, he had taken great pains in copying every thing valuable in England, Scotland, Ireland, &c. Mr. Carte died April 2, 1754, at Caldecot House, near Abingdon, in Berkshire ; and was buried at Yattenden, in that county *. The following are the dates of his publications : 1. " The Irish Massacre set in a clear Light, 1714," a pamphlet, in 4to. niinster fox' young scliolars whose parents were Nonjurors. In 1732 the father was editor of " Marci Hieronymi Vidcp, Cremo- nensis, ^Z/^cs Episcopi, Poeuiata quae extant omnia; quibus muic primum adjiciuntur ejusdcm Dialogi de Reipublicte dignitate ; ex coUatione optimorum exemplarium emendata, additis indici- bus accuratis," 2 vols. 12mo, inscribed (in a poetical dedication) "Alexandre Pope armigero, Poctarum inter Anglos celeberrimo." And in 1746 he was editor of " SS. Patrum Apostolicorum Opera genuina, &c. Cura Richardi Russel^ A. iNI." 2 vols. Svo. The book- seller fiiiled in business, became afterwards an itinerant in that profession, and ^vas principally supported by the benevolent Charles Jennens, esq. of Gopsal in Leicestershire, whom I have had occasion to speak of in vol. III. as an Editor of Shakspearc. Another son was James Russel, the author of " Letters from a young Painter in Italy, 1748," 2 vols. Svo. This gentleman, who is supposed to have made no great figure in his profession, resided at Rome, and supported himself by acting as Cicerone to the English gen- tlemen who visited that immense repositoiy of antient and niodern virtd. He died, at the Baths of St, Casciano near Rade- ofani in Tuscany, in August 176"3. * Dr. Bellas, who knew Carte intimately, and buried him, told me, in 1/84, that he had all the appearance of living to an old age; but was taken off by a diabetes. He was buried in a leaden coflSn, in a remarkably dry vault ; and the following entry is inserted in the Register. " The Rev. Thomas Carte, ixiilor of Thuanus's History of his own Times, and author of a Life of the great Duke of Orniond, and a General History of England; by which, and other jueces, he approved himself one uf tlie be>L writers of his time, died at Caldecot, near Abingdon, on Tuesdav Aj)ril 2, and was buried at Yattenden, in a vault on llie \orlh .'-Ide of the chancel, the 11th, 1751, by me George Pellas" 2. '' TiiU- THOMAS CARTE. 5O7 2. " Thuani Historia sui temporis, 1733/ 7 vol. folio (in conjunction with Mr. Buckley). 3. "The History of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, from his Birth in 1610 to his Death in 1688 ; by T. C. A. M. 1735, 173^," 3 volumes foho, dedicated to the Earl of Arran, who delivered to him 153 bundles of his grandfather's papers*. 4. ''A Preface to a Translation, by Mrs. Thomp- son, of the History -j^ of the memorable and extra- See before, p. 474. In 1 747 Dr. Birch published "An Enquiry into the Share wliich KingChaiiesI. had in the Transactions of the Earl of Glamoi'gan ;" asserting:, in opposition to Mr. Carte, that the King was privy to the negotiations of that nobleman. Mr. Walpole observes, that cc-\ en years elapsed without Mr. Carte's reply ; but that, two months before he died, he was supposed to be the author of an advertisement, promising an answer. In 1758 a work appeared, which was written and designed for the press in 174S, and was annovmced in the newspapers in 1754, intituled, "The Case of the Royal Martyr considered with Candour ;" part of which contains strictures upon Dr. Birch's work. In the pre- face the author (John Boswell of Taunton, M. A.) mentions his obligations to Mr. Carte, who favoured him with a great many letters upon the subject ; and observes, " that Mr. Carte's great learning and critical skill in our History will always have its due weight with men of sense and unprejudiced minds ; and as to his peculiar notions of government, they chiefly aftected himself. He seldom," proceeds this gentleman, " troubled his friends with any thing of that kind. During a correspendence with him for many years, I can tndy say, that I could never have guessed at his political principles by any one single hint or notice in all his letters." Mr. Boswell concludes, " He was a credit to every one who had the pleasure of his acquaintance ; and I esteem it my pecu- liar happiness that I have this opportunity of paying a grateful respect to the memory of a man who did honour to Literature while he lived, and at his death left a monviment of his abilities beliind him, which bids fair to outlive the malice of Scotisli cri- ticism, the noisy, the virulent efforts of ignorance and prejudice, if not the force of Time." " Eiicu ! Britannia ! Quando ullurn invenies parem ? Multis illc quidem liebilis occidit ; Nvdli fUibilior quam tibi, Britannia?" f nie original of this \\ ork is (or rather was, for probably it now no longer e\i.st.<) preserved in MS. in the Library of the Ablx;y of St. G rmain des Prez at Paris, with a History by the same writer (in French) of " the Administration of Cardimd Wolsty," of which latter woik Dr. Ducarel had a fair transcript. Author of "A Method of SiiiHy, or a useful Lilirary, 17.13," 8vo ; and two pamphlels rrdlcd " K'.inaiks on the Tree and Candid Disquisi- tions," 1750 aud 1751. 508 LITERARY ANECDOTES. ordinary Calamities of Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England, &c. by the Chevalier Michael Baudier, London, 1736," 8vo. 5. " Advice of a Mother to her Son and Daugh- ter, translated from the French of the Marchioness de Lambert, London ;" several editions. 6\ " Farther Reasons, addressed to the Parliament, for rendering more effectual an Act of Queen Anne, relating to the vesting in Authors the Right of Copies, for the Encouragement of Learning, by R. H." [about 1737; see p. 476.] 7. "A Collection of Original Letters and Papers concerning the Affairs of England, from 1641 to 1660 ; 173,9," 2 volumes, 8vo. 8. " The History of the Revolutions of Por- tugal, from the Foundation of that Kinodom to the Year l^Gj ; u'lth Letters of Sir Robert Southwell, during his Embassy there, to the Duke of Ormond ; giving a particular Account of the de- posing Don Alfonso, and placing Don Pedro on the Throne*, 1740," 8vo. ,9. " A full Answer to the Letter -^ from a By-stander, 1 742," a pamphlet, 8vo. 10. "A full and clear Vindication of the full An- swer to a Letter from a By-Stander, I743," a pamphlet, 8vo. * Though Mr. Carte forgot to mention this work in his " Vindication of the full Answer to a letter from a By-stander;'* where he gives a list of his writings ; I can venture to call it his on good authoiity. The letters of Sir Robert vSouthwell were amongst the papers he received from the Earl of Arran. At Dr. Campbell's sale, Mr. Isaac Reed boiight a copy of Sir Robert Southwell, with the language of the book corrected by that gentleman, seemingly ^vith a view to a new edition. f Corbyn Morris, esq. commissioner of the Customs, who died Dee. '^4, 1779. wrote the '^ Letter to the By-Stander." Among Dr. Birch's MSS, is an advertisement, dated Feb. 2, 174'2-.'i, assuring Mr. Carte, that he (Dr. Birch) had not the least hand in this "Letter," nor ever saw one line of it before it appeared in print. There is also a tract, intituled, "A Second Jitter to Trot})laid, Esq. Author of tlie Jacobite Journal, con- cerning Mr. Carte's General History of England 3 plainly .shew- ing, that the Letter in the General P^vening Post, Feb. 23, 174S, signed " Thomas Carte," could not have been wrote by Thomas Carte the Englishuian." 11. " Ca- THOMAS CARTE. 50^ 11. " Catalogue des Rolles * Gascons, Normans, et Francois, conserves dans les Archives de la Tour de Londres ; tire d'apres celui du Garde desdites Archives ; et contenant la precis et le sommaire de tous les titres qui s'y trouvent concernant laGuienne, la Normandie, et les autres Provinces de la France, sugettes autrefois aux Rois d'Angleterre, &c. Paris, 1743,'' 2 vol. folio, with two most exact and correct indexes of places and persons. This valuable col- lection, being calculated for the use of the French-^, is preceded by a preface in that language. * " The titles only of these Rolls make two folio volumes. It would certainly, however, be a work deserving the encoui'age- ment of all learned men throughout Europe, to print these in- struments at length, The same may be said with regai'd to the records of the Bermingham Tower at Dublin, some of which go as far back as the time of Edward I." Iktrrington's Observations on the Statutes, p. 101), n, The iitilily indeed of such publica- tions is so obvious, that it is really wonderful that neither of the great Nations who are interested should have engaged in them. Since this note was fir&t written, many antient and valuable Na- tional Records havt; been presented tt) the pubhck by the wisdom and niunitic^nce of the British Parliament. t Dr. Ducarel informed me, that the authority of the Records in the Tower, so far as relates to Normandy and other provinces in France formerly belonging to the English, have always (and to his knowledge for at least forty years) been admitted as evidence iu the Courts of Judicature, where exemptions from the (juar- tering of soldiers on their estates, or any other privileges formerly granted, have been received as evidence ; the instru nients being duly authenticated by the Keeper of the Records. Mr. Barrington has also observed, tluit on an alarm occasioned by an edict Issued by Cardinal Fleury at the latter end of his administjation, the French ii\habitants of those Provinces, which formerly belonged tc; the Crown of England, were fur nished, in several instances, with evidence of their titles to fran- chises from our Records. I * Tliere is not a great City in Eiuope so ill provided with Public Libraiies as London. In Paris there is not a day in the week but, both morning and afternoon, some Public Library, well furnished with books of all l\inds of Learning, is, by the appointment of the Founder, open for the convenience of learned men, who meet with no difliculty in iindingany books they want to consult in the course of tht;ir studic;. In the same City they Irive noble hotels for the residence of the Chancellor of the Kiug- (lom, and the Firr>t Piesident oi the PaiJiament, besides tiie town-house fur the Prevot des Mcrc/unids (who answeis to our Lord Mayor), and Libruiies in these places, which is the room of 510 LITERARY ANECDOTES. 12. ^'A Proposal of the Rev. Mr. Thomas Carte, M. A. for erecting a Library in the Mansion-house of audience generally for particular friends and persons of dis- tinction, though the rooms of state serve for giving audience to the world hi general, and for dispatching the ordinary business incident to those great Offices. But I think London, the most opulent city upon earth, should not be inferior to others in any respect, much less in a point of magnificence, which is not barely pompous, but may be infinitely useful, by assembling together in one place a vast collection of the materials of Learning, which are not perhaps to be found at all in any other : or else, being dispersed in many different, remote, or unknown places, cannot be consulted by the Learned without a great deal of expence, without loss of time (which always sits heavy on a man that knows how to use it), and without inconceivable inconveniences to their private affhirs. In other countries, where arbitrary government prevails, or the truth of the Established Religion is suspected even by those who think to secure it by force and penalties, there are great restraints in the way of learning, and an infinite number of books are prohibited. I have known one of the wisest and most learned men in France [M. Freret], and the best qualified, by his knowledge of tlie world, his deep searches into antiquity, his profound reflections on all historical events, his admirable judgment and unbiassed integrity, to write the histoiy of that Monarchy, clapped up in the Bastile for several months together, only because he had set about that work, and it was thought would execute It with an inviolable regard to truth, and without flattery to that ai-bitrary Power which has now trampled on all the anticnt liberties of that Na- tion ; nor could he regain his liberty without a promise to desist from the enterprize. It is fit such a work should be undertaken for England, whUst she yet retains her liberties : and a great City, the chief bulwark of the liberties of our Country, cannot exert her public spirit more pi'operly than in procuring and preserving for ever a Libraiy of the choicest materials for that purpose, and equally fit to clear up and vindicate the just rights and privileges of a free people. There is now a magnificent structure almost built for the habitation of frture Lord Mayors of this City -f; and it is still easy to contrive at the top of it a gallery, or range of rooms, for a Library. There is now likewise an opportunity of buying a most valuable collection of books, viz, the Earl of Ox- ford's Manuscripts. They contain a noble treasure of English History and Antiquities ; and it will be an irreparable loss to Learning, and perliaps no inconsiderable one to Liberty, if such f In the mayoralty of Sir James Shaw, bart. (1806) a fine Collec- tion of English Classics \vas placed in the Mansion-house, at the expence of the Corporation of London ; which forms a good foundation for a fu- ture public-spirited Magistrate to proceed with. The Libraries also of the Royal and London Institutions are already of so considerable a mag- nitude as to rellt'ct honour vn the Metropolis of the British Empire. a col- THOMAS CARTE. 511 of the City of London ; communicated by Thomas a collection of rare Manuscripts, singular in their kind, and cliiefly regarding the history of this Nation, and the antient lights and privileges of Englishmen, comes to be sold by auc- tion, and dissipated into a thousand hands +. To prevent this Joss, it were to be wished, that the twelve rich Companies (out of which the Lord ]Mayor is usually chosen) would, out of their large revenues, give each "-^OOO/. towards this purchase, and re- pose it in the Mansion-house, where the most considerable mem- bers of those Companies are in their turns to reside, and to the furniture' of which they can contribute nothing nobler than such a Library, the only thing wanting to complete its magnificence. It consists of about 10,000 Manuscripts, which cost the late Right Honourable Proprietor prodigious sums of money; but as it is in tew people's ability to purchase, and the late Earl designed it for public use, the Executors may be willing to abate consi- derably of its value on those accounts, and I iumgine it may be. bouglt. for 20,000/. ; so tlie remaining 4000Z. may sei-ve for a fund, to purchase printed books in all languages, relating as well to trade, arts, and science^-, as to the History and Antiquities of this Nation, or indeed of otliers in om" neighbourhood, which in many cases help to illustrate our own; as relations of vo5'age3 .sene often to give light to se\eral branches of Commerce. 'Tis to these subjects that the Books to be purchased fi'om time to time may be chiefly confined, and a fund of this kind in the City may be most j)rf)perly applied : and if a Library was once founded, every body would be naturally disposed to leave what is most; c-uiious in that way to it, as a safe and perpetual repositorj;, thereby to render it a complete magazine of every thing relating to Trade, History, and Antiquity. I^'arning of this kind is of all others the most discouraged by a coiTupt Administration; who would fain engross all the materials thereof to themselves, and (are to see it in no hands but those of their own creatures, who would prostitute it to their purposes. But when all branches of Learning whatever are neglected elsewhere, and discounteiianeed where tiiey ought most to be Favoured, it vould be exceedingly for the glory of the City to give it encouragement there ; and if It sliould meet with no other, it may still flourish imder her protection. \o Body of men have ever di-^tinguished themselves more enunc'ntly in the cau-e of Liberty than the City has alwavs done, the Nation looks upon lur a> f)ne of tlie chief bulwarks of her liberties; and indeed the only Body (when Parliaments by growing corrupt shall ceaie to be thi' guari'ian'^ thereof) capable, by its weight, to assert the rights and privileges of our Countrv. She will take a proper step to jirevent th^se from being subverted^ if she takes care to preserve ><> in'jstiin;il)le a treasure of ihoim- ments of .Antiquity, which, if reposed in the Library of tl.e rvlausiou-liou-:e, will remain to ail future ages an irrcfraiiablr- * These tnil)' valuable iiaUon il trcaain"; h.-^.vc, since thi'; sui^,f;est\ u w*i thru.m oul bv .Mr Carte, bo-ii ti'-pusiti'd in tlie Bri'.i.h }-l\:ituw. 512 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Coxeter*, Esq. November 9, 1743, to me Richard Rawlinson." evidence of those rights and liberties which our ancestors en- joyed, and, conveying down inviolate to our times, have entailed upon us the obligation of transmitting them safe to posterity." * This gentleman (who was Secretary to the Society noticed in p. 502) was born of an antient and respectable family at Lechlade in Gloucestershire, Sept. 20, 1689. He was educated in grammatical learning, first under the Rev. Mr. Collier, at Coxwell in Berkshire ; and afterwards under the Rev. Mr. Col- lins, at Magdalen school in Oxford. In his sixteenth year he was entered a commoner of Trinity college, Oxford, July 7, ITO.'j. (His tutor there was the Rev. Mr. Edward Cranke, one of the fellows, afterwards preacher at Lincoln's Inn, and pre- sented by the said College to the living of Great AValtham in Essex.) From Oxford, where he wore a Civilian's gow n, he came to London, with a view of engaging in the practice of the Civil Law ; but, losing his friend and patron Sir John Cook, Knt. Dean of the Arches and Vicar General, &c. he abandoned all thoughts of that and every other profession. An anonymous Funeral Poem to the memory of Sir John Cook, intituled, "AstreaLa- crimans," the production probably of Coxeter, appeared in 1710. Continuing in London without any settled pursuit, he became acquainted with booksellers and axUhors ; and amassed materials for a Biography of our Poets, some of which appear to have been communicated to Mr. Warton by Mr. Wise, Rad- clivian librarian, and a contemporary with Mr. Coxeter at Tri- nity college. He assisted Mr. Ames in his Histoiy of British Typography ; had a curious collection of old plays ; and pointed out to Theobald many of of the black-letter books with which that Critick illustrated Shakspeare. He compiled one, if not more, of the Indexes to Hudson's edition of Josephus, in 1720. In 1739, he published a new edition of Dr. Bailly's (or rather Dr. Richard Hall's) Life of Bishop Fisher, first printed in 16'55. In the beginning of the year 1744, he circulated Proposals for printing May's Plays, of which this is an exact copy. " Speedily will be published, The Dramatic Wokks of Thomas May,, Esquire, a contcmponuy with Ben Jonson, and, upon his de- cease, a competitor for the Bavs. Witli Notes, and an Account of his Life and Writings. By Thomas Coxeter, Esquire, some time of Trinity College, Oxford. The Editor, intending to re- vive the best of our Old Plays, faithfully collated with all the editions that could be found in a search of above thirty years, happened to comnumicatc his scheme to one who now invades it. To vindicate which, he is resolved to publish this deserving Author, though out of the order of his Design. And, as a late spmious edition of Gordoeuc is sufficient to shew what mis- takes and confusion may be expected from tlie Medley now ad- vertising in ten volumes, a correct edition will be added of that excellent Tragedy : with other Poetical \^'orks of the renowned Sack- THOMAS CARTE. 5I3 A translation of his History of England into French was intended by several hands ; the first book was undertaken by M. 1' Abb^ Delacroix ; the second and sixth by Pere Peter of Dublin ; the third by Pere de Monchelon ; the fourth by M. GofFort ; the fifth by M. D. Lavirotes. This Translation, I believe, was never finished ; but Dr. Ducarel had the second and sixth books, and the greater part of the third and fifth, in the hand-writing of the Translators. At Mr. Carte's death, all his papers came into the hands of his widow * ; who afterwards married Mr. Nicholas Jern^gan -jf, a gentleman intended for orders in the Romish Church, though he declined Sackville, his Life, and Glossaiy. These are offered as a speci- men of the great care which is necessary, and will constantly be used in the revival of such old writers as the Editor shall be en- couraged to restore to the publick in their genuine purity." Though this design did not take effect, we learn from it, that he was the first who formed the very excellent scheme of pub- lishing an ample selection of our obsolete Dramas, adopted by Dodsley, and lately perfected with great improvement^. Sack- ville's " Gorhoduc," here referred to, is the same edition that was conducted by Mr. Spcnce in 1736, He died of a fever, on Easter-day, April 19, 1747> in his 59th year; and was buried in the chapel-yard of the Royal Hospital of Bridewell ; leaving an orphan daughter ; who, for the merits of her father, was much noticed, and occasionally assisted with money, by Dr. Johnson ; and after the death of that benevolent Moi^alist, her latt(?r da)'3 were in some degree cheered by the notice taken of her by the Committee of the Literary Fund. She died in November 1S07- * This lady was a daughter of Colonel Brett, t Whose father Heniy, a goldsmith and jeweller in Russel- street, made the curious silver cistern which was disposed of by I-ttery about the year 1740, and of which there is a fine en- graving by Vertue. The price of a ticket was cither live or sLn; shillings, aiul the purchaser had a silver medal into the bargain, value about '6s. There Vvcre, I believe, 30,(X)0 tickets ; and the medal induced numerous peo{)Ic to buy tliem. The ingenious Ajtistwas fourth son of Sir Francis Jerningham {or Jcrnegan^ which was the original name), a famil) long seated at Cossey in Norfolk. He died Nov. b, 17(>1 ; and was buried in the church-yard of St. Paul Cuvent (larden ; where tlie following lines by iyr. Aaron Hill are insfribed on hi.-, tonilj : " All, 'that uicnviplhli'diodi/ K'nd.s mankind. From earth rci-eiving, he to earth rc^ign'd : All., that e'er graced :i .oul, from llcaccn he drew. And took ou'L, wit!; liiin, as an :\ni.;;ef due !" V'oj , i[. \, I. taking 514 LITERARY ANECDOTES. taking them, after having received an education for that purpose. She left them to her second husband for his hfe, and after his death to the University of Oxford ; where they are now lodged in the Bodleian Library, having been delivered to the University, in the life-time of Mr. Jernegan, for a valuable con- sideration (I believe 50/.), in I778. While they were in Mr. Jernegan's possession, the late Earl of Hardwicke paid 200/. for the perusal of them *. Mr. Macpherson also obtained the use of them, by a present of 300/. made by his publisher to the proprietor ; and out of*these and other papers compiled his History and State Papers, 1775-|~. Mr. Carte left in MS. " A Vindication of King Charles the First, with regard to the Irish Mas- sacre." He also possessed (what afterwards came into the Library of Dr. Winchester) a copy of Dug- dale's Baronage; in the first volume of which are some corrections and alterations "j^ ; in the last, large corrections and additions, whole articles written afresh, and at the end an account of several new peers ; in the hand-writing of Sir William Dugdale. Soon after the accession of King George L walk- ing in a heavy shower, he was plied with " A coach^ * Mr. Jernegan asked Lord Hardwicke loOOZ. for the papers. From these and from memory of what he read every day in the Scots College at Paris, Sir JohnDah'ymple compiled his Memoirs, The Jesuits intended to print the letters of James II. preserved in their College. Those from that King to William III. from his accession to within six weeks or a month of the Revolution, are signed " Yours as you wish, as you desire, and as you deserve." An English Nobleman (living in 180'2) saw the original letters of William 1!I. to the Duke of Marlborough and others, which do the King-great honour, and shew the duplicity of the otherside. f " The Stuart papers ct)ntained in these volumes consist of the Collection of Mr. Nairne, who was under-sccretary, from the Revolution to the end of the year 1713^ to the ministers of King James II. and to those of his son. The extractsfrom theLife of King James It, consisting of more than thirty sheets of print, were partly taken by the late Mr. Carte, and partly by the Editor in a journey he made for that purpose to France, Mr. Nairne's papers came into the possession of Mr. Carte some time before his death." Macpherson. J The gi-ound of this improved work may be seen in VVood'.pondent^ of Bishop Atterbuiy. " Dear Sir, London, Nov.^il, 1732, " I was in Ireland when vours arrived here by Mr. Walker; hf 1< ft it for me, and 1 saw him afterwards at Dublin, where I was detained foui- months in dige.-.ting three liish-carr-loads of papers that I found at the Castle (jf Kilkenny, and which contain all th lirst Duke of Onnond's letters, and those of the great men his Coirespondents, from IGfJO to KiS."), and a \ast cups O. cre^ton a lu-hiut, a hand and arm A. holding a cup O. Sujiporlcrs 2 leopards Sable. Motto; Sal napit omnia. Sailers Company." Note hij Mr. Gou^Ji, 51 8 LITERARY ANECDOTES. No apology is necessary for introducing a little squib which was intended by Mr. Bowyer for some public newspaper, but was accidentally left unfi- nished: "One ill-judged note in Mr. Carte's History has occasioned the City of London to withdraw their subscription. A note in which the writer indeed is guilty of a misnomer, by citing one book for an- other, and in which he had paid too superstitious a regard for the eldest branch of the Stuart family, by ascribing to it the virtue of curing the King's-evil. I acquiesce in the wisdom and loyalty of this opu- lent body. But, as every thing has two handles, I could have been content to have taken hold of an- other ; viz. to have learned from the narration how King-craft and Priest-craft go hand in hand to de- lude the credulity of the people. For the point discussed in the History is, whether the King of Eng:land had from the time of Edward the Confessor the power of Healing inherent in him before his unction, or whether it was conveyed to him by the intervention of Ecclesiastical hands *. A point which may be discussed in these days without any ill consequences to the reader. But the City was alarmed, and resolved to knock a history on the head, though it was a child of their own production, ^ and named, to their honour, the labour of an Eng- lishman. And will not a Stander-by say the whole procedure is entirely English ? With warmth it was set on foot by Englishmen, and by EnglisJimen with precipitation suppressed. I don't doubt but this characteristic trait of Etiglish levity will be drawn to the diversion of posterity by some French hand ; or perhaps the picture will turn out a city piece, a groupe of more awkward patrons than loyal subjects." * Queen Elizabeth's coronation was performed by Owen Oglethorpe, bishop of Carlisle, according to antient custom, and diiected by the Roman Pontifical. None but the Bishop of Carlisle could be prevailed on to officiate at the ceremony." Collier's Ecdes. Hist, vol II. p. 412. No. IV. ( 519 ) No. IV. REV. JOHN JACKSON, Eldest son of the Rev. John Jackson (first rector of Sensey near Thirsk, and afterwards rector of Rossington, and vicar of Doncaster, in Yorkshire), was born at Sensey, in that county, April 4, 1686; and educated at Doncaster school, under the famous Dr. Bland (afterwards head master of Eton school, dean of Durham, and from I732 to 1746 provost of Eton college) ; who, observing his proficiency, often left the instruction of the younger scholars to his care. Thus accomplished, he was entered of Jesus Col- lege, Cambridge, towards the end of 1702; and from his residence at Midsummer following prose- cuted the academical studies with diligence, and learned Hebrew under the celebrated Simon Ockley*. * Tliis eminent Orientalist was born at Exeter, in I678 ; and educated at Queen's college^ C'ambiidge, He took the degrees in arts and that of B.I), and entered into holy orders j was fjkilled in all theOriental languages, and well acquainted with most of the modern ones, parliculaily French, Spanish, and Italian. By marrying early in life he precluded himself from a fellowship. In I7O0 he was presented, by Jesus College, to the vicarage of Swavescy in Cambridgeshire; and in 1711 was chosen Arabic Professor, and appointed chaplain to the Earl of Oxford, after whose disgrace, in 1/ 1 1> having a numerou.'? family, and being a bad feconomist, he became so much embarrassed in his cir- cumstances as, in the summer of 1717, to be tlu'own into prison, in Cambridge ctistle, for debt ; fiom which he was, however, discharged before his death, which happened at Swavescy, Au- gust 9, 1720. The fust volume of his [irincipal work, " The History of the Saracens, " was printed in 170S, 8vo, and in- arribed to Dr. Aldrich, dean of Chri.it Chinch. To the second volume, which appeared in 1713, inscribed to James Earl of Caernarvon, were annexed ' Sentences of Ali, Son-in-law of Mahomet, and his fourth ':'ucce>snr, " inscril>ed to Thomas Frcke, 520 LITERARY ANECDOTES. He afterwards took the degree of B. A. in 1706; and, leaving the University in 1707, was appointed Freke, esq. In the Introduction to that volume, dated " Cam- bridge castle, Dec. 2, 1717." Mr. Ockley, after a handsome encomium on the great application of M, Petit de la Croix, the famous Oriental Interpreter to Lewis IV, observes, " My unhappy condition hath always been widely different from any thing that could admit of such an exactness. Fortune seems only to have given me a taste of it out of spight, on purpose that I might regret the loss of it. Though perhaps I may accuse her wrong- fully for befriending me with an excuse for those blemishes, that would have admitted of none had I been furnished with all those assistances and advantages, the want of which I now be- wail. If that was her meaning, she hath been very tender of my reputation indeed, and resolved that my adversaries should have very little reason to accuse me of the loss of time. The first volume cost me two journies to Oxford, each of them of sis weeks only (inclusive of the delays upon the road, and the diffi- culty of finding the books without any other guide than the Catalogue, not always infallible) . But my chief business lying then in one author [Alwakidi] , it was so much the easier to make a quick disjjatch ; because it is of no small moment in affairs of this nature to be once well acquainted with the hand of the ma- nuscript, and the style of the author. But in vay second under- taking I found a quite different appearance of things in more respects than one. Eithei* my domestic affairs were grown much worse, or I less able to bear them, or, what is more pro- bable, both. What made me easy as to my journey and charges during my absence, was the liberality of the worshipful Thomas Freke, of Hannington, Wilts, esq. to whom the world is indebted for whatsoever is performed at present in this second volume ; I mean with regard to the expences of it ; which still would not have answered the end, if I had not been indulged all [jossible conveniences of study, first by the favour of my much honoured ftiend, the incomparable Dr. Halley, who, with the consent of his learned colleague Dr. Keill, allowed me the keys of the Sa- vilian study; and in the next place by the reverend and learned Dr. Hudson, chief library-keeper of the Bodleian ; who, accord-* ing to his wonted hunianily, permitted me to take out of the library whatsoever books were for my purpose ; otherwise, though I had five months time, much covild not have been done, considering the vai'iety and difficulty of the manuscripts; besides that I was forced to takc^ the advantage of the slumbers of my cares, that never slept when I was awake ; and if they did not incessantly interrupt my studies, were sure to succeed them with no less constancy than rught doth the day. Though it would be the height of ingratiti.r'e in me not to acknowledge that they were daiily nlieviated by the fa-\ ours and courtesie.-i whicli I re- cei\cd from persons of the greatest dignity and merit in that noble Uni- JOHN JACKSON. 521 tutor to the children of Mr. Simpson, at Renshaw in Derbyshire. In the mean time the rectory of University ; too numerous to be all hare inserted, and all too worthy (should I mention any one of them) to be omitted. Some such apology as this will always be necessary for him that undertakes a work of this nature upon his own bottom withovit proper encouragen)ent. If any one should pertly ask me, ' Why then do you trouble the world with things that you are not able to bring to perfection?' Let them take this answer of one of our famous Arabian authors ; ' What cannot be totally known, ought not to be totally neglected^ for the knowledge of a part is better than the ignorance of the whole.' The only way that I know to remedy these misfortunes^ is that which I proposed before, the encoui'agement of our youth. They will hardly come in upon the prospect of finding leisure in a prison to transcribe those papers for the press which they have collected with indefatigable labour, and oftentimes at the expence of their rest, and all the other conveniences of life, for the service of the publick. No j though I were to assure them from ray own experience, that I have enjoyed more true liberty, more happy leisure, and more soUd ^eposc^i in six months here, than in thrice the same number of years before. E\ 11 is tlie condition of that Historian who under- takes to write the lives of others, before he knows how to live himself. But, if there be no encouragement given, perhaps those learned gentlemen whom the woj'ld hath so liberally ob- liged gratis, will think themsehes bound in honour to make some return ; unless their loathness to quit tl)at impregnable fortress against envy (that always attends the merit of the virtu- ous) into which they are so happily retreated, should restmin them. Not that I speak this, as if I thcjught I had any just reason to be angry with the world : T never stood in need oi' its assistance in my life, but I found it always very liberal of its advice ; for which I am so inuch tlic more l)ehoklen to it, by how much tlie more 1 did always in my judgment gi\e the pos- session of wisdom the preference to that of riches." A third edition, to which the late Dr. Long, master of Pembroke Hall, prefixed a Life of Mahomet, was, by the permis-ion of Mr. Lin- tot, proprietor of tlie copy-riglu, ])rinted in 17ii7 at Cambridge, in 2 vols. Svo, " for the sole benelit of Mrs. Anne Ockley," the Author's daughter, and a Aery deserving woman, for wliom a hand- eome subscription was bv this means made. His other {)ubliea- tions were, 1. " Intioduclio ad l>ingua-> Orieatales, Ike. IJOG,'' 8vo. 2. ''The History of the pi-escnt Jews thi'oughout tho World. Translated from the Italian of Leo Tdodcna, a Venetian Ral)l>i, 1707," l'2ino. 3. "Thc' Iinproveincnt of Human Reascni, exhibited in the Life of Hai VMu S'okdlian, written in Araijiek above ^>()() years ago, by Abu .laafii' Kl)n 'i'ophail. in whicli is demou'itrated, by what Melliods one may, by the mere Light of Nsjturc; attain tliu Ivnowledge of Thiiigs natural and supcrnafn- ral. 522 LITEilARY ANECDOTES. Rossiiiffton having been reserved from the death of his father for him, by the Corporation of Doncas- ter*, he took Deacon's orders, in 1708; and in 1710 was ordained priest, and entered into the full pos- session of that rectory. But the parsonage-house being gone to decay, he boarded at Doncaster ; -and in 1712 married Elizabeth, daughter of John Cow- ley, esq. collector of excise there. On this mar- riage, he entirely rebuilt the parsonage-house at Rossington, and went to reside in it. He commenced author in 1714, by publishing three anonymous Letters in defence of Dr. Samuel Clarke's " Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity." He was not at that time personally acquainted with Dr. Clarke ; but met with him soon after at Lynne Regis in Norfolk. Mr. Tonson, in 1 7 1 6, intending to publish a Bible, with paraphrase and notes by several hands, applied i-al, more particularly the Knowledge of God and the Affairs of another Life. Illustrated with proper Figures. With an Ap- pendix ; in which the Possibility of a Man's attaining the true Knowledge of God, and Things necessary to Salvation without Instruction, is briefly considered, I7II " 4. "A Seitnon on the Divinity and Authority of the Chiistian Priesthood, preached at Ormond Chapel [now St. Geoige's church], 17IO." 5, "A new Translation of the Second Apocryphal Book of Esdras, from the Arabic Version of it, as that which we have in our common Bibles is from the Latin Vulgar," about 1 712. 6. "An Account of South- West Bai'bary, containing what is most remarkable in the King- doms of Fez and Morocco. Written by a Person \vho had been a Slave there a considerable Time, and published from his au- thentic Manuscript, 1713." 7- " The Necessity of Instructing Children in the Scriptures. An Anniversary Sermon preached on Whitsun Tuesday (May 26, 1713), at St. Ives, Huntingdon- shire, founded by Dr. Robert AVilde (author of Iter BorealrJ, who gave six Bibles yearly to the poor Children of that Parish, 1713." A Letter of his to Dr. William Wotton, dated June 25, 1714, in answer to some queries relating to ihe Confusion of Tongues, &c. and the Construction of Eastern Languages, is printed among the " Miscellaneous Tracts of Mr. Bowver, 17S5," 4to, p. 661. * The Corporation might do ill or well on this occasion, in reserving their li\ ing for a minor, as it should happen ; how- ever, against his death, they sold the next turn for SOOZ. and with the money paved the long street of their town, that forms part of the great North road, T. F. to JOHN JACKSON. 52$ to him, by Dr. Clarke, to undertake the comment upon the Prophets, proposing a handsome gratuity; but he dechned the offer, and immediately engaged in the cause of his friend Dr. Waterland *. In the same year there passed several Letters between him and Mr. Whiston, on the subject of infant baptism. In 1718 he went to Cambridge, to take his de- gree of M. A. ; but, finding such an opposition raised against it as he was unable to remove, he desisted from the pursuit. Presently after his return, he received a consolatory letter from Dr. Clarke, who also procured for him the confratership of Wigston's Hospital -j- in Leicester ; to which he was presented in 1719 by Lord Lechmere, in whose gift it then was as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and to whom Dr. Clarke had been the year before in- debted for the mastership of that Hospital. On this promotion Dr. Jackson left Rossi ngton, and removed to Leicester; where, as confrater, he was also after- noon preacher or lecturer of St. jMartin's church ; for which purpose, he took out a regular licence. May 30, 1719, from his diocesan, Dr. Gibson, bishop of Lincoln. He continued, however, con- stantly to visit his flock at Rossington for two or three months every year during his life. In 1721 and the following year several present- ments were lodged against him in the Bishop's * Nine Treati^^cs by Mr. Jackson on this controvei'sy, from 17I6 to 1738, are enumerated in the 8ui)i)lenientary Vohune [vol. VI. part 2. J of the Bi()i^Ta))hia Britannica, 177<^>> p. 107. f The confratership of Wigston's Hospital is held (for life) by patent from the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and was particularly acceptable to Mr. Jackson, as it requires no subscrip- tion to any Article of Religion. Chillingworth had it, who also refused (for a time) to subscrilje. Neal (Ili.itory of the Puritans, vol. III. chap. II. p. 101, Hvo) says, Chillingvvorth was persuaded to subscribe for the two preffM'ineuts he l:)efoi'e mentioned, viz. the chaneellor-.liip of Saruin and the mastership of Wigston's Hospital. Botii these are held by patent, and recjuire no sub- scription. But Chilling\vorth was not clianeellor of the diocese, but of the church of S;irum, which stall undoubtedly recjuires subscription, a> much iis any simple [irebeuJal stall in a ca- thedral. Court, 524 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Court, as also in that of Dr. Trimnel, archdeacon of Leicester, for preaching erroneous doctrines * ; but ne so strenuously vindicated himself, as to de- feat the prosecutions. Yet, after the case of the Arian Subscription was published by Dr. Water- land, he resolved, with Dr. Clarke, never to sub- scribe the Articles any more ; by which resolution he lost, about I724, the hopes of a prebend of Salisbury, which Bishop Hoadly refused to give him without such subscription -I-. The Bishop's denial was the more remarkable, as he had so often intimated his own dislike of all such subscriptions. However, he had been presented before by Sir John Fryer to the private prebend of Wherwel in Hamp- shire, where no such qualification was requisite. In 1723 Mr. Jackson published "The Duty of Subjects towards their Governors ; a Sermon preached before the Hon. Charles Churchill's Regiment of Dragoons, at their Camp near Leicester, August 1723 ;" and in 1728, "The Duty of a Christian set forth and explained in several Practical Discourses, being an Exposition of the Lord's Prayer; to which is added, a Discourse on the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper, for the L^se of Families." Mr. Jackson was editor of " Novatiani Presl)yteri Opera, quae extant omnia, post Jacobi Pamelii Brugensis recensionem, ad antiquior(\s editiones castigata, et a multis mendis expurgata, 1728," 8vo. On the death of Dr. Clarke, in May 1 729, he succeeded, by the presentation of the Duke of Rut- land, then Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, to the mastership of Wigston's Hospital; which office he held till his death. He repaired and made several * Complaint \\as made tookselkr^ when A\ arburton passed tliroui^h it in his way to the sanctum sanctorum, ?.Ir. Whiston's back-parlour. Jackson, observing but nht it was some such conceited fellow." Warburton, in like nr.inner, having eyed his antagonist, asked a .similar question; and, on hearing- the name, repHed in almost the identical woids which had been used by Mr. Jackson."' Dr. Oicen, MS. ev urc Juluanls H'histon. t In a quarter of a sheet of ".Adilitions" to tiiis Work, is an answer to a note printed at the end of a new edition o'^ the tli-t volume of ''The Ul\ine Ligalion ' 528 LITERARY ANECDOTES. ings, had not the infirmities of age, which he felt some years before his death, prevented him from finishing the design*. His bodily strength defin- ing, and the faculties of his mind gradually decreas- ing (of which he seemed but too sensible), he be- came incapable of close application to study ^ ; but retained his thirst after knowledge till his death ; which happened at Leicester, on the Ascension-day, May 12, 1763. By his wife, who died before him, he had twelve children ; of whom one son and three daughters were living in 17^4. I have been furnished with the following hints on Mr. Jackson's character by a friend, who was ac- quainted with him from the year I75O: " He always seemed to me rather a man of industry than genius, at least such genius as is necessary to reconcile the inconsistent accounts of antient writers, and make out a clear system of antient chronology. He cer- tainly took all that he has said about Hieroglyphics and Mysteries from Warburton ; but so totally forgot or overlooked it (as was his custom on other occa- sions), that he verily thought it all his own ; nor did he understand any of the Eastern languages, except a little Hebrew. He was a strict follower and stre- nuous defender of Dr. Clarke. He was much of- fended at Dr. Coney (and would have been with any one) for saying ' that he denied the Divinity of the Son.' But then he would not on any account give the Son the appellation of self-existent, necessarily- existent, &c. or any of those metaphysical titles. His being so early a defender of Dr. Clarke, and * An account of the materials he had collected for this in- tended edition, with notes containing alterations, coiTections, and additions to his Chronology, are inserted in an Appendix to " Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the late Rev. Mr. John Jackson, &c. London, 1764 [by Dr. Sutton of Leicester]," 8vo. whence this Memoir is principally extracted. There are also many particulars relating to Mr. Jackson in AMiiston'sLife of Dr. Clarkee. f He had published thirty-six separate books and pamphlets. And in ". The Old Whig," No, 33 and No. 39 were his j)ro- ductions. his JOHN JACKSON. 52 his political zeal for the Hanover family, got him his preferment ; and his earliest writings *, espe- cially his " Plea for Human Reason/' appear to have been his best." To this account I shall not scruple to annex a letter-J^, though compounded of insolent egotism * Mr, Warburton, in a letter to Mr. Hurd, Juhj 8, 1752, says, " You talk of Jackson's Chronologj', on which occasion you quote a line of Mr. Pope, which he would have envied you the application of; and would certainly have drawn a new character of a diving Antiquarian, for the pleasure of applying this line to him. As for Jackson, you would hardly think (after what had passed between us) that all his account of the Mysteries should be one entire theft from me, a ti-anscript of my account, with- out one word of acknowledgment : for which I shall make him aU due acknowledgments in a note. The wretcli has spent his days in the republic of letters, just as your vagabonds do in the streets of London, in one unwearied coui'se of begging, railings and stealing." t "Sir, 'July a, 1752. " I received your letter, with your account; but find you have out-reckoned me about a sheet and a half, besides 155. 6d. in odd matters not fit to be allowed. I paid 1 1. 8s. for a coppei'-plate j and you charge 5s. for printing it, when you had no letters to set, and charge me also for the printed page ! Sure this is wrong. Next, you charge me 5s. 6d. for cutting a few Greek characters in wood, which I suppose is not usual to be done : and you under- took to print all but what was on the copper-plate. You also charge me 5s. for printing a little bit of a page, and charge me for the whole page printing besides. This is very wrong i But you was to charge these extraordinarics towards paying Mr. Noon ; which 1 wonder you should do, considering I dealt so honourably with you. I am not willing to pay this over-charge, which I think is an imposition ; all especially but the w ooden characters, and this may be so too. Tlic sheets of the volumes printed are as follow : First volume, 531 pages o? 66 sheets and ^ths; second volume, 505 pages, 66 sheets, !fth; third vohmie, 373 pages, 46 sheets, ^tlis; so in all 1/6 sheets -Jth. In this account I have reckoned some half pages, or les, fur whole pages ; but you have reckoned mere l)lank paper as if printed. I am going into the country, and shall not leturn to Leicester till the week after Michaelmas. But I wrile by tiiis post to Mr. Noon, to take the 31. '.is. for his trouble, and to })ay you 3S/. 6s. on my account, in full of all demands fur printing (errors exci^pted, if there be any either on ycnir side or on mine). Your stijctncss in reckon- ing the ])rinting will n)ake me moie careful how I agree again, if f should have occasion. I had no meaning but to pav for so many pages as should be actually printed; and W(UKier you Vol. II. M m should 530 LITERARY ANECDOTES. and meanness, on a subject wherein inexperience in typographical mechanism misled Mr. Jackson to suppose himself unhandsomely treated. However should reckon a sheet and more of mere blank paper, that has not a letter upon it. I will send to Mr. Noon your account of the paper used; so that, if there be any error, it may be amended. Your very humble servant, J. Jackson." On this impertinent letter, a friend of Mr. Jackson, who saw it before it first appeared in print, remarks, " He was extremely ignorant of every thing but books. No wonder he did not un- derstand the art of printing, nor that he could not be convinced of the reasonableness of what is the universal custom. AH print- ing is estimated and contracted for by the sheet. But if there must be a deduction for every piece of white paper in a page, no accompt could ever be settled." Another friend, soon after it was first published, says, " This letter is truly in character : Mr. Bowjer and the Writer's Friend sujjpose Mr. Jaclcson to have been inexperienced in printing : that supposition is good- natured ; but, is it just ? I think not. The whole letter is com- pounded of meanness and insolence, particukuly when it is considered to whom it was written. Oh, self! self! when that is uppermost, to what littleness does human-nature descend ! Notwithstanding the impertinence of the letter, I am glad to see it in print, for the sake of the excellent answer." Mr. Bowyer's very proper answer was this : " Had you. Sir, been an Autlior of a lower class, one of those who are paid by the sheet, you would more easily have digested it, that no deductions should be made for a blank page ; that titles, dedications, and the like, though of a larger letter, should be paid for at the same rate as the body of the book. And it is the more reasonable the printer sliould be paid so, because he pays the very same price to the workman. He (X)ntracts with him at so much a sheet one with another j and if there are any blanks, the advantage is divided between the author who gets his living by his brains, and the journeyman who picks it up by his lingers' ends. Nay, the proprietor or bookseller receives an advantage likewise, the blank jiages go to the buyer for full ones, and he!p to make up the number of sheets. But what a world should we have, if every thing was biought to mathema- tical nicety; if every subscriber was to cavil at a blank page, and complain he had paper imposed on him instead of print ! The copper-plate you mention was printed off at the rolling-press, another branch of business ; and the money I charged is what I paid for working it. Ask Mr. Whiston, who prints Boyle's head in most of his title-pages, and is the son of a mathematician, and himself a philomath. The few letters I paid for cutting in wood are such as no printer has in town, viz. the Episemon Vau, Koppa, and Sanpi, and two or three more. I furnished Latin, Greek, and Hebrew 3 and I told you (though you have forgot it) that JOHN JACKSON. 53 1 trifling the subject may appear, Mr. Bowyer's answer will vindicate himself, and give some degree of in- struction to those who are not conversant with the operations of the press. that I should be obliged to get a few letters cut in wood, which would come to a very small matter extraordinary. I called upon Mr. Noon with my bUl the day after you went out of town, and left it with him soon after, in whose hands it lay till I told him I would clear his deviand of three guineas. He then gave it me, and said I might send it to you. But I find my honour is a snare to me, and my compliance with his demand only makes me suspected by you. Hard fate, whichsoever way I turn my- self ! But I attribute it all to your inexperience in printing ; and am. Sir, your most humble servant, VV. Bowyer." To another Author, a most worthy Divine, for whom Mr. Bowjer had a very high regard, but who thought himself ag- grieved where in reality there was no cause of complaint, the following letter was addressed : " Rev. Sir, " I am Sony you are not sensible of the openness of my deal- ing, and that I have taken no advantage of my own proposal or yours. Your question at first was, ' Whether quotations in Greek, and some printing in blacS letter, would not add to the expence ?' It would, you was told ; but how much it would add to the expence could not be determined till I saw what quantity of Greek there was. You tell me, March 6, 1742-3, *As to the Greek of any sort that may occur, it must be charged hereafter according to the quantity, or the extraordinary trouble occasioned by it. 1 promise myself that otherwise the charge will not exceed in London the proposal from our University press. The first nine sheets,' you observe, ' have veiy little Gi'eek in them.' I have charged the whole, as if they had little or none. I have not stood for a word or two, though of accents and sub- scripts I mended hundreds. I would farther observe, that I paid as much to the compositor for the first nine sheets as I did for the rest, and even for the dedication, though in so large a letter. It is some small advantage allowed to him from the iuvention of printing. Reduce every tiling to (he poor workman to the hardest standard, what tyranny would be exercised ! The mower agrees for so much an acre ; perhaps a shower comos^ and his Ta~k is easier : AyaW he make a deduction for it r W. B." M M 2 No. VT ( 532 ) No. VI. ZACHARY GREY, LL.D. Dr. Zachary Grey was of a Yorkshire family, originally from France *. He was admitted a pen- sioner in Jesus college, Cambridge, April l8, 1704, but afterwards removed to Trinity hall ; where he was admitted scholar of the house, Jan. 6, 1706-7 ; LL.B. 1709; LL.D 172O; and, though he was never fellow of that College, he was elected one of the trustees for Mr. AylofFe's benefaction to it ^. * ''The Greys, or Grays," says Rapin, '' came from Gray, a town in Fianche Comtc, and liad probably lands gi^ en them by the Conqueror, or his immediate successors, among other Nor- mans and Frenchnicn who made the possessions of the former inhabitants tlieir prey." Several noble families of this name appeared very early, and they have continued pretty pi'oliiic, great numbers of them being dispcj'sed all over the kingdom both in high and low life. See a letter to Dr. Grey on this, subject from the late Charles Grey, esq. in the Bibliotheca Topo- graphica Britannica, No. II. p. 171. Mr. Isaac Heed had a Col- lection of records, pedigrees, &c. of the family (bought out of the Northampton Catalogue, mentioned in p. 545), with some curioTis particulars of tlie Greys Earls of Kent ; amongst others, " Summons to Parliament of the Lord Greys of Codnover, Wil- ton, Ruthyn, antl the other Loi'ds of that name, collected out of Rymer's Volumes and Dugdale's Summons ;" and also, " My lord's expences for his houshold in seven weeks ended 5 April 1593 ; distinguished under the respective articles of " Buttry andPantr^'," "Seller," "Sp3cery," "Ewery," " Wood and Cole," " Accator of Store," "Presents," and " Redy Money." See this article in the " History of Leicestershire," vol. IV. p. 457. fit was perhaps to this election that the following letter to him alludes. " Good Sir, llliitehall, Feb. 3, 1734-5. " I wrote yesterday to Mr. Barnard and Mr. Lowe, a separate letter to each, to let them know that I wished you success, and should be obliged to them for their favour to you on this occa- sion. Dr. Wilmot proposed to send the letters, and I suppose some others, by a messenger on pui'pose. I do not recollect that my acquaintance with any other of the fellows is such as will justify my writing to them, lam, Sir, Your faithful friend and brother, Edm. Lo^'DON." Dr, ZACHARY GREY. 53^ Dr. Grey was rector of Houghton Conquest in Bedfordshire ; and vicar of St. Peter's and St. Giles's parishes in Cambridge, where he usually passed the winter, and the rest of his time at Ampthill, the neighbouring market-town to his living*. He had one brother (George -f-, born in 1680), a chamber counsellor at Newcastle. * Whilst resident in Bedfordshire he received the following letter from liis Diocesan : "Good Dr. Grey, Buckden, May 15, 173S, " I am veiy much for making the letter of the Canons my rule, in all my administrations : especially in the article of con- fen-ing orders ; and, as the 33a of our Canons expressly forbids the admission of any one to holy orders unless he hath a title, as is therein described ; and as' the reason of this limitation was not barely for securing the Church or the Bishop from the bur- then of an indigent unprovided Clergy, but also and moreover for guarding against tlie scandals that might be apprehended from the extravagations of a supernumerary and unemployed Clergy ; I have very rarely if ever admitted any upon the title of an estate, as it is sometimes called. Indeed, I have of late, at the solicitation of some of the Heads in the Universities, made a favourable coustruction of one clause of this Canon, with respect to Exhibitioners from Christ's Hospital, the Chartreuse, and IVIerchant Taylors' school, &c. But I have done this under per- suasion tliat these Exhibitions had the nature of Fellowships, as they not only sustained their proprietors, but employed, and in some sort confined them too : wliich, as experience informs us, is more than can be said for that maintenance which arises from an hereditary estate. So that, if I might, without offence, offer you my aih ice, it should be, tlmt you would have your candidate provided with some title, or employment, before he offers him- self for orders. Nevertheless, as I know Dr. Grey to be as heartily concerned for the honour and service of the Church as any man, if, after what has been said, you sliall have reasons for desiring this young gentleman to be ordained, before he can be provided with a better or more beneficial title, I will (upon your account, and as knowing that you will advise him usefully to employ his time) take him in, ad tllidinn Episcopi. I am. Good D]'. Grey, your affectionate friend and servant, [Dr. Reynolds] R. Lincoln." t 1 have a number of this ('entleman's MS letters to Dr. Grey, by which it ajipear^ tliat tliey w( re l)oih very uidustrious in eol- iecting meuKtiials of their family; wliieh, wi.h an ample pedi- gree, were ill iiic hands of Mr. (ieor;.'e Grey, who often mentions his " brulher and sislc;- Hiiidmar.^li " and " brothei- Warcop." In several oi lii> letters he oh-o vc.-, that their father died at Uie age of i]\\y, :irA lh;it he did not liiiiiself expect to exceed that age. lit- !isM, !i iwv-v i\ to !,>; al leu^t G."*. la one letter he 534 LITI^KARY ANECDOTES. He was of a most amiable, sweet, and commu- nicative disposition ; most friendly to his acquaint- ance, and never better pleased than when perform- ing acts of friendship and benevolence. Dr. Grey was often at Wimpole in the time of Edward Earl of Oxford ; from whom he received many marks of friendship, particularly a present of a noble silver cup and ewer. By several original Letters in my possession *, from the Duke of Bedford, the Earls of Berkshire, says, " As to our family^ you have a particular account in Dug- daJe's Baronage, vol. I. p. 710, viz. * Henry Lord Grey of Cod- nover gave to Nicholas, his second son, the manor of Barton in Yorkshire, about 2 Edward II.' The posterity of Nicholas enjoyed it till the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and my great- grandfather was a son of that family, and I believe was father to him who sold the estate. Our arms are the original arms of that ; for when I first went to London, I applied to one of the Heralds of my acquaintance to get me a seal cut, and he told me it was the ai'ms of the Codaover family ; and that family, as ap- pears by Dugdale, is the original of all the Greys." The follow- ing little circumstance, in another of his letters, dated July 30, 1731, may be worth preserving: "I had a letter lately fi'om aunt Milton, who is very well, and lives at Namptwich. There were three widow Miltons there, viz. the Poet's widow, my aimt, and another. The Poet's widow died last summer." In another letter he says, " My grandfather Cawdrey, after he lost his fellowship, went to live with one Dr. Mason, who was master of requests to King Charles the First ; but I cannot find who this Doctor was." [Of this Dr. Mason see Bibl. Topogr. Brit. NoXLIlI. p.416.] * Among these are, Mr. Christopher Anstey ; Mr. Hemy Astry, a London Divine, Treasurer of St. Paul's ; Mr. Montague Baconj Mr. W.Baker; John Bedford, I\1.B.; Mr. William Bedford 3 Dr. Birch; Dr.C. Byron; Mr. T. Carte; Dr. J. Chapman, archdeacon of Sudbury; SirP.Charnockc, knt.; Mr. JohnCliurch; Mr. W.Cole, of Milton ; Sir John Hynde Cotton, Bart. ; Dr. Henry Dawson ; Mr. Ambrose Dickins ; Dr. Fiancis Dickins ; Mr. T. Doughty ; Dr. Ducarel ; Sir Henry Every, bart. ; Rev. Sir Job n Eveiy, bart. ; Bp. Gooch; Mr. Alexander Gordon; Dr. Humplirey Ciovver; Dr. liic'nard Grey; Dr. Jolm Hiidrop ; Mr. John Jones ; Mr. Arthur Kynnesman ; Lord Chief Justice Lee ; Dr. Egerton l^eigh ; Bp, Osbalde^ton ; Admiral Osborne ; Mr, Jaseph Pote ; Mr. Thomas Potter; Mr. W. Reading ; Dr. G. Reynolds, aichdeacon of Lin- coln ; Dr. W. Rii'hardson ; iMr. Salmon ; Mr. J. Slater ; Mr. Robert Smyth ; Dr. Sna})e ; Mr. Matthew Symsou ; Dr. Corne- wale Tathwall ; Dr. James Ti install ; Dr. Richai'd \\ arren, arch- deacon of Suffolk ; Dr. William AVarren, president of Trinity J^iall; Dr. Watcrkmdj &c, &c. Bristol, ZACHARY GREY. 535 Bristol, Gainsborough, Oxford, and Sandwich, Lord Trevor, Lord St. John, Lord Royston, and others *, * A few of these, on literary subjects, shall here be given, " Dear Sir, Cambridge, Dec. 4, 1740. " You have observed an Advertisement probably in the public papers of the last week, promising the publication of The Life of Cicero on the 2d of February ; this obliges me to remind all iny friends, who have been so kind as to dispose of any receipts forme, to send me the names of their Subscribers, to be inserted in my List, which I am now preparing for the press. I received some time ago, by your order, the names oi Mr. Lewis, Mr. Crofts, and Mr. Clark. If you since happened to pick up any more, I should be glad to have an account of them at any time before January, distinguished by small and large paper ; if not, I sliall insert the three above mentioned for the small paper, and will take care to reserve one of the large for yourself, in return for the many presents of the same kind, with which you have fa- voured me. I am sorry, that either your affairs or your incli- nation should engage you to desert Cambridge ; where we still flatter ourselves with the hopes of your return, which would give a sensible pleasure to all your friends, and in a particular man- ner to, dear Sir, Your faithful and obedient servant, C. MiDDLETON." [This favour Dr. Middleton afterwards very amply repaid, by obtaining many subscriptions for Dr. Grey's Hudibras.] "Rev. Sir, Graystock, May 3\, 1743. " I was favoured yesterday with your obliging letter, and am veiy sorry that I cannot return a more satisfactory answer. The account which I gave Mr. Lindsey I had from a brother of Lord Soutliwell, who now lives at Cockermouth, He is positive that such a MS. was left by the famous Lesley, and is in the custody of a son of liis now li\ ing in Ireland ; but could not tell how to direct to him. I shall see Mr. Southwell again shortly, and if I can learn any more particulars, shall not fail to acquaint you with them. In the mean time you will please to set me down among yoiu* Subscril)ers for a copy of ' Hudibras.* You may depend on my communicating the Proposals to the Book- sellers of Carlisle and Penrith, the first opportunity. I heartily wish all the success to yoiu' undertaking which it must deserve; and beg the fa\our of you to let Mr. Rooke know that 1 should be glad to hear, as hoon as he is able to determine, when he will be with us. Mv coniplinients attend on your good Lady, resj)ects to honest Mr. (ia), and all lVi;-iuls in St. John's, from, reverend Sir, Your ino-^t obliged humble servant, K. Law\" [.Archdeacon of Oarlisle, afterwards Bishop.} " IIf.vkrend Sin, B'lshop-Thurp, Jane 19, 1/43. " I was tlii- inoining agreeably ^nrpiized by the f ivour of an bilging letter from you ,. and think my-clf highly indebted to you 53^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. it appears, that, being in the commission of the peace, and a man of respectable character, he was you for the kind promise you are pleased to make me in return for so very small a present. It is a real satisfacuon to me to be any ways instrumental in promoting so use&il and entertaining a design ; and, if I was as nmch a Critic as I am a well-wisher to the Work, 1 should perhaps be vain enough to let the world know, I am acquainted with Dr. Grey. I am at present under the hospitable roof of an Archbishop, of which i can send you np regular account, for it was built at a time of day wVien men paid more regard to convenience than to unifonaityj and there- fore it would be in vain to attempt an exact description of it. The rooms are very lai'ge, and furnished in character ; and that apartment where I now sit to write is ornamented with the ad- ventures of Samson, curiously wrought in old tapestry, the work perhaps of some religious dame. In one of the bed-chambers, on each side of the chimney, there are two cherubims, weeping most bitterly 5 and the story says, that when the Car^'er was- asked by somebody how it entered into his head to represent them crying, his answer was, that he appealed to the Te Deum, for the propriety of what he had done. Upon the whole, it is a most agreeable house, and pleases me better than if it had been designed by Lord Burlington, or any other genius of the age. To-morrow we set out upon a second part of the Visitation, which will continue about ten days. I am, reverend Sir, Your much obliged, &c. Thomas Herring J. ** P. S. My Lord desires me to insert his compliments." "Reverend Sir, Kensington, April 13, 1744. " My uncle Dr. Herring, in the hxxxvy and bustle of removing some goods, has lost his subscription to ' Hudibras,' and desires me to beg the favour of you to furnish him with another. I should not much care to appear in a petition of this sort, but that you know my uncle very well, and I dare say are thoroughly persuaded that it is far from being his design to make an ill use of your indulgence. When 1 desired you to change the name of Pery into Wm. Herring, I believe I forgot to tell you my brother is not a clergyman. 1 was almost ashamed to leave the Univer- aty without waiting upon you ; but I came away much sooner than I intended ; and indeed 1 could not help considering every impertinent visit to you at this jvmcture as an injuiy to the pub- lick. I met Dr. Middieton yesterday in Westminster Hall. I hope he is come io town in order to publish his new Work. My attachment to that branch of knowledge makes nie w ish to see % Thomas Herring, of Bene't College, Cambridge, B. A. 1740; M. A. 1744; rector of Cheveningf in Kent, and Cullesdon in Surrey; treasurer of Chichester; and one of the principal registrars of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. lie was nephew to Abp. Herring;, and one of his executors ; married a daughter of Sir JohuToniano; and died at Kensington, April 28, 1774. it ZACHARY GREY. 537 much courted for his interest in elections. He was not, however, very active oa those occasions, pre- ferring Hterary retirement, it every- time it comes into my thoughts, and I have the highest opinion of the author's learning and ingenuity. I wait for the appearance of ' Hudibras' with the same impatience, and shall not be so delicate as to deny that I expect as much entertain- ment too from that quarter. I take the liberty to trouble you so far as to make my compliments to Mr. Cole when you see him; and to tell him, that if he h;is any further occasion for ' Ariosto,' or wants at any time to look into my lai-ge edition of Fontenelle, his friend Mr. Heaton will furnish Inm with the key of my books, which are all very much at his ser\ice. The Archbishop sets out with his family for Yorlvshire the 26th of this month ; and 1 suppose we shall hardly return hither again tUl the dark winter months come upon us. I am, reverend Sir, Your obliged humble servant, Thomas Herring." " Dear Sir, April 24, 1744. " I have had an opportunity since my an ival in London of collecting a few more subscriptions for you, whicii I desiie you to add to your list. I hope to be at Cambridge again sometime in the next week ; in the mean while, with our comphments to Mrs. Grey, am. Your faitliful humble servant, C. Middleton." ''Sir, July 19, 1748. " I received the papei*s by Mr. Hurd, and take the freedom of troubhng you with an acknowledgement of the obligations I owe you on that account. The loss of your company at Mr. Kurd's yesterday was as mucli lamented, as it was impossible for you to gi\e it us. I think mvself very unfortunate in leaving Cambridge just upon my being known to you ; and I sliall en- deavour to convince you of it, by making as proper a return as I can in the character of a Protector, when time and experience shall enable me to it. This, Sir, you are at least entitled to from the great civilities you have shewn, and of which no one has a stronger sense than. Sir, Your most obedient humble ser\ant, Edw. Littleton." " Dear Sir, Te^l i:e[ey-Coppice , Jan. 21, 1/53. ''After you had almost despaired of ever seeing Sir Walter Raleigh again (for such I take ir for granted must have been the case) 1 dare say your present sati'-faction almost eciuals that you had on the iirst acduisition of it. The truth of the case is, that liie opportunity of a safe hand to entiTiSt it in bus not till now oiFc'red ; and which I am determined, on no account, not to lose. I return you many thanks for the favour of it, and sincerely wisii the present occa-ir at Cambridge." The Corresj)on- dence goes on after the publication of the Desiderata. " I thank you for your kind present of your two last pieces, which I received from Mr. Bcttenham. I make no question but you will have encouragement enough to print your Answer to Neal's^ third volume speedily. I want nmch to know what your otJter Squibs are (as you call them) which you have in the press. I pray you to give my humble ser\ ice and thanks to Mr. Bernard, and wish him to send the account of St. Peter's Gild, which shall be very safely returned." Mr. Peck to Dr. Grey, May ult. 1736. " I heartily condole with you upon the loss of our mu- tual fiiend, the late very reverend and learned ]\Ir. Thomas Baker. His death (after that of Mr. Cowper) hath been a great concei'n to me." Ibid, sans date. " Mr. Benson (I dedicate to) [the Auditor] is the same gentleman you mention, and a gen- tleman, I assure you, of exceeding good sense and learning and candour. For my part, I do not see how Westminster Abbey is profaned by a Cenotaph in honour of Milton, considered only as a Poet. His politicks I have nothing to say to. You or I may write of Milton and Cromwell, and still think as we please." Ibid. Dec. 15, 1739. " I had the favour of yours 3 and the paper about Richard Cromwell and Durham came in time, and is very a- propos, and I heartily thank you for it. I am just going to the Antiquarian Society. Ibid. London, Jan. 10, 1739. "I am favoured with yours, and as soon as I can find the book you men- tion, will send it directed to you at Cambridge, assuring you that it is very much at youi' service. My father's books lie at present in great ZACHARY GREY. 545 preparedl by Dr. Grey * ; after whose death I bought them, in IjyS-f-, together with the following MSS. ]*. "A large Collection of Original Letters :]: from several eminent Persons to Dean Moss and Dr. Grey. great disorder, and it will take some time to look them over j but as you are now in great want of the book, upon receipt of a line frcn you, I will make immediate search for it." Mr. F. Peck (the Son) to Dr. Grey, July 17, 1745, * Whose MS. was afterwards improved, and published in an octavo volume, by the Rev. Robert Masters, of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge 3 with a violent abuse of Mr. Gough, because the outlines of it had appeared in the Gentleman's Magazine. Whilst Mr. Masters's volume was in the press I was desirous of communicating such information as I possessed j and I subjoin his short acknowledgment, as a companion to what will be found on this subject in vol. V. p. 116'. " Sir, Londbeech, Nov. 18, 1783. " I am much obliged to you for your late favour, as well as for the inclosed letter, of which I had a copy, as I presume of every thing else in Dr. Grey's ciistody relating to Mr. Baker. Your intention however was very kind, as I shall always be ready to acknowledge, who am, Sir, Your most obedient servant, Robert INIastehs." f They had been sold, by the representatives of Dr. Grey, to iNIr. Burnham, bookseller, at Northampton. :; See p. 534. Most of these are still in my possession. Many, from Dr. Timothy Cutler of Boston and others, I had the honour of presenting to y\ichbishop Cornwallis ; and they are preservetl in the Lambeth Libraiy. Of these a specimen or two tiiall be given : 1 . " I have read your ' Remarks on the Critical History' with a great deal of pleasure. I hear the author of that book wai Oldmixon, wherein I was confirmed by some points in yours. This Oldmixon did heretofore pass some bitter reflexions on Dr. Mather's History of New England, which Dr. Mather hath sufficiently resented. And it is pleasant to observe, that Dr. Mather, in a late book called Maneductio, &e. (which by my next I may send to you) hath highly extolled this Critical History, and hath lately had the jjleasure to know the author of it." Dr. Culler to Dr. Grey, Oct. 22, l/SG. 2. ' A true son of Bp. Burnet is appointed our Governor It li:vs jileased God to make many breaches in my Chuirh. One remarkable one of late is in the death of a young man of ij;reat sobriety, discretion, and 7.eal for the Church, for whicli lie left tlie Di.ssenters after the conviction of his rijur years. He was brought uj) at our Colleger and carried ft'om it a strong relish of polite learning and divinity, and lived and died with the respect of all who knew him. In his will he aave my Church 130/. of which .30/. is for t'uc poor of it ; and after the diichajge of jundry legacies, VoJ., H. rs N and 54^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. 2. ''A Life of Dean Moss;" of which an epitome will be found in vol. IV. pp. 223 23^. and the death of his mother, the residue of the ostiitc, computed at 800/. oi' 1000/. is to be equally divided between my Clmrch and the College, the interest of the latter half for the education of Episcopal sciiolars, and this man all the glory of tlie benefac- tion ; and it is said the College will reject the gift, as they did oiice an organ willed them for the service of Almighty Gofl." Dr. Cutler to Dr. Grey, April 7, 17^8. 3. Noi\ H, 1734, Ur. Cut- ler laments that " the post is just arrived, and brings us the sad news of the uncertainty of the Society's countenancing any more new' missions. \V hen this takes place it will give a sad damp to the Church among us. We have five churches already built that are empty 5 and sundry more societies that will ere long be ready to receive ministers. And what shall we do without help, when we ha^e no Bhhop, whale all preferments are denied us, and all hardships are put upon us? Two places are under my care. One is 33 miles oft', which I liave visited twice this summer, whoi 1 had an audience of 1(X) people in a Quaker meeting-iiouse, many of the Friends being present. At the conclusion of sen ice, one of them, ha\ ing desired and obtained liberty, made trid} a very handsome speech, both for matter and phrase, in vindication of their reception of us into their house. He said, the Cliuich had always been kind to them ; as they [the Church] had been mcrei- ful, he hoped they uoidd obtain mercy."' 4. In another letter, dated lioston, Sept. 24, 1743, Dr. Cutler tells Dr. Grey, *' Writ- ing for England has hindered my reading your ' History of the Donatists,' ike. which you have obliged me with. I have dipt into it with pleasure ; and it makes me fond of seeing the other book you encourage me to hope foi*."' .5. Sfpt.'id, 1743, Dr. Cutler writes, " ^\hitefic'ld has plagued us \\ith a witness, espe- cially his friends ;md followers, who are like to be battered to pieces by that battering ram they had provided against o\u' Church here. It would be an endless attempt to deicribe that scene of confusion and distvnbance occasioned by him ; the divi- sions of families, neighbourhoods, and tow ns, tlie contrariety oi' husbands and wIacs, the unthitifalnees of children and servants, the quarrels among the teachers, the disorders of the night, the intermission of labour and business, the neglect of husbandry, and of gathering tlse i\ar\est. Our presses are for e-.er tetiiiinV with books, and our women with ba-tardsj though Regeiicvatit>n and Conversion is tlie wiiole cry. The teaclieis have many of them left their pariicuiar ciues, and sti'oHod about the coun- try. Some have been ordained by theui I'A-an^elizers as they called them, andhud thi^'ir Ji woiir-bcarers and Exhorters ; and iu many con\entick's and. places of rendezvous there has been chequered work indeed, several prcaciiing and several exhorting at the same time, the rest ci-jing or laughing, vclping, spi'awling, fainting; and this revel maijitained in some places many days and nights togetlier ^vithout intermissiou ; and then there were the blessed oul-pourings of the Spirit. The New Lights have with some overdone themselves by ranting and blasplninv, and ZACHARY GREY. 547 S. *^Some original Notes on Hudibras*." 4. '' Memoirs of Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford," which I still possess. are quite demolished 3 others have extremely weakened their in- terest ; and others arc terrified from goiijg the lengths they in- cline to. On the other hand, the Old Lights (thus are they dis- tingxiislied) have been many of them forced to town, and some have lost their congregations ; for they will soon false up a new conventicle in any new town where they are opposed ; and I don't know but we have 50 in one place or other, and some of them large and much frequented. When Mr. Whitefiekl first ar- rived here, the wliole town was alai'med. He made his first visit to Church on a Friday, and conversed first with many of our Clergy together, and behed them, me especially, when he had done. Being not invited into our pulpits, the Dissenters were highly pleased, and engrossed him ; and immediately the bells iTing, and all hands went to lecture ; and this show kept on all the while he was here. The town was ever alarmed} the streets filled with people, \^ith coaches and chaises, all for the benefit of that holy man. Tlie conventicles were crowded; but he chose rather our common, where, multitudes might see him in aU his awful postures j besides that, in one crowded conventicle, before he came in, six people v.ere killed in a fright. The fellow treated the most veiicrable with an air of superiority. But he for ever lashed and anatheii.atizcd tlie Cliurch of England; and that was enough. After him came one Tennent, a minister im- pudent and saucy; and told them all they were damned, damned, damned ! This cliaimed theui ; and, in the dreadfulest winter I ever saw, people wallow cd in the snow night and day for the benefit of his beastly braying; and many ended their days under tlujse fatigues. Both of them canicd more money out of these parts th.an the poor could be tliankful for. Many others visited us; but one Da\enport was a Ko//part'i^ the wilder the better, the less reason the more spiiitual. But, Sir, I stop here, and k'a\e you to find out a little more by what I now send you. The book I have obtained for you as a present from Hiv ie\erend brQ- ther Davenjiort in this town. The author, Dr. Chauncey, told me, that he could have printed more fiagiant accounts, if his intelli- gencers would ha\fj allowed hiui. This has tui'ued to the growth of the Church in many places, and its reputation uni\er^allvj and it sufiers no otherwise than as Reliirion doe<, and that is sadly enough. I am horry to iiear tiiat the F.ev. Dr. Ashton is vriy much ljroke!i with iiilinnity. Iiiclijdc in ymr ^-layers, wo'-thy Sir, ikv." /;. Mi. Ittn ii"/cr Milk)', from Lraintree in. New England, Oct. G. " Wm know hv .Mr. U 'hitclield's JoitrnaU that lie hai been here. The Clfii;y of the Churcli of England "* 'J'hcse were principaii- i)v ?,]r. .Vliiiitai.'.ni:- Bacon; and '.verti given by me to Mr. Isaac I'.ec!! : v.iio proLnti.'i! th'-m, I belit'.ve, to Dr. .\a.Nh, previous to lii- juihli^hiii/:: his very splendid edition of lludibius in three quarto v( lunics I'J'Xi. i X ' wer 54$ LITERARY ANECD0TE3. Dr. Grey was twice married. His first wife wa* a Miss Tooley. By his second wife (who was re- were unanimous in their resolution not to feuU'er him to ^o into tlieir pulpits ; so tliat a Dis?;enting Preacher of considerable note, in a paragraph of a letter that was printed, said, that "he came to his oivn, and his oicn received hitii not; but we (the Dissenters) received him as an angel of God." The effects of his and his followers' preacliing in this countiy are extravagant beyond description, and almost beyond belief. I think the party is on the decline : but Whitefield is soon expected here ; and how he may revive the dying work I cannot say. But I believe he will not be received with the same respect as formerly by the Dissen- ters themselves ; be having raised such contentions and caused such divisions among them, as has much weakened them, and inclined many of the more wise and thinking among them to the Churchf ." In several of his other letters l)r. Cutler mention* his obligations to Dr. Grey for having published Dean Moss's Sermons. " I thank God for the great good you tlo both as an author and an editor." " It is no wonder," he adds,, " that the Dean's Sermons are re-printing. Their re])utation must last as long as that of Learning, Elof[uence, or Reli- ligion. Nor need any wonder that Daniel ?^ieal is in request with the Dissenters in New England. The more venomous a Book is, the more sweetly do the Dissenters suck at it. Neal was never in New England ; but, having written an History of it, was complimented with the degree of A. M. by Harvard College." " I have very lately received your valuable j)resent of the Answer to Sir Isaac Newton and Neal. 1 hvuiibly tb.auk you for your great and many services to Religion and our excellent Church," Mr. John Cutler (the son of the above Dr. Timo- thy) was sent to England^ under the protection of Dr. (irey j who, with Dr. Dickens, Dr.Ashton, &c. patronized him. Sept. "i, lJ4'i, we find him asking Dr. Grey, if it should be in his way,. to mention his name to Mr. Potter. " 1 have served," he sa\s, "his Grace's Peculiar above five years, and hope 1 have not behaved myself so as to forfeit all favour from him. Stited is a living adjoining to Bocking, a peculiar in his Grace's gift The incumbent (Alr.Wagener :]: ) is a man in yeais and infirm ; but t [The Rev. George Stonhouse, viear of hlii^.gtnn, it ap- pears by the Journtds both of VVhitefield and Wesley, was a favourer of the original Methodists 3 to whom he used occasionally to lend his pulpit 3 a circinmtance which so nrateri;dly aiiected Mr. South, the then lecturer, that it was supposed to hasten his death, which happened July IS, 1741. This circumstance is here the rather mentioned, as it has been erroiieouslv stated, in p. 122, that it was 3Ir. Stonhouse who was so afiected.] I Peter Wagener, of Trinity College, Cambridge 3 B. A. 1701 3 Pfl.A. 1710. He was presented to Stisted in 1707; died in 17423 '*nd was succetded by bauiuei Jacksou^ M. A. I SlSX ZACHARY GREY. 549 lated to Dean Moss, and whom he married in I720, he had a son, who died in 1726*, and two daughters ; one of whom was married to the Rev. Wilham Cole of Ely * ; the other to the Rev. INlr. Lepipre, rector of Aspley Guise in Bedfordshire. Dr. Grey ')ld them to Mi'. Rurnham of Northampton ; sec p. 545. No. VL C IIARI.ES COMITOX, I':SO. of (ireii'loii in X<)rlliam])tonshire, is here mentioned as one (A' the carlv memliers of the Society of Anti- quaries, where lie was elected Nov, iS, 173^>^ and succeeded Samuel (iale, esq. as tlieir treasurer in 1742. He wa^ ^d Nov 21, l~(')\, at his house in l*oland-street, Thi- <.'(iiilt'iiian wa^ LieulfiKuit of the Tower in 1715, imder li!^ ;cl:ili.i>rt (icoigc C(;iii])t(jn, fourth earl of Noi'thampton, who liirii hfld the ollicc of Conslable. lie ])0-se-8cd a C')ii^,id,.jablc '-:Uiu- ;>t C.'roiduii, and nas iuq>i'opriator of tkit rcctoiy. No. VI L ( 550 ) No. VII. JOHN JORTIN, D. D. [and DR. JOHNSON.] Of this eminent Divine and very excellent Scholar the materials in my former edition came from sources so authentic, having been principally supplied by the kind friendship of Dr. Jortin's son, that I think it right to preserve the article (as entirely as is con- sistent with correctness) in its original form ; and the rather, as it originally was sanctioned by the appro- bation of Dr. Johnson*; and forms the basis of the subsequent Memoirs by Dr.Heathcote and Dr.Disney. * This is not the pi-oper place for introducing any regular Memoir of Dr. Johnson ; nor, after the elaborate volumes of Mr. Boswell, is such a ttisk necessary. My intimate acquaintance with that bright Luminary of Literature did not commence till he was advanced in years ; but it happens to have fallen to my lot (and I confess that I am proud of it) to have been present at many interesting conversations in the latest periods of the life of this illustrious pattern of true piety. In the progress of his " Lives of the Poets," I had the good fortune to conciliate his esteem, by several little services j though, at the same time, I was perpetually goading him to furnish the press with copy. Many of his short notes during the progress of that work are printed in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LV. pp. 5 9 ; and in one of his Letters to Mrs. Thrale he says, " I have finished the Life of Prior and now a fig for Mr. Nichols !" Our fi'icndship, however, did not cease with the termination of those volumes ; and I hope I shall be excused the vanity of re- cording in these pages a few kind letters from Dr. Johnson ; and some parts of his interesting conversation at a period when his accurate Bioaraphcr was absent from London. 1. "Sir, ^ Oct. 10, 1782. " While I am at Brightl.elmston, if you have any need of con- sulting me, Mr. Strahan will do us the favour to transmit our papers under Lis frank. 1 have looked often into your 'Anec- dote^ ;' and you will hardly thank a lover of literary hi. ory for telling you, that he has l-een info;mcd and gratiried. I wish you would add your own di.=eoveries and intelligence to those of Dr. Ravvlinson, and undertake the Supplement to Wood. Think on it. I am. Sir, your inimble servant, Sam. Johnson." Q. "DbmkSir, Oct. 2S,17S2. " What wiH the Booksellers give me for the new Edition [of the Lives of the Poets] ? I knew not what to ask, I would have DR. JOHNSON. 551 hnve 21 sets bound in plain calf, and figured with the number of the volumes. For the rest, they may please themselves. I wish. Sir, you could obtain some fuller information of Jor- iin, Murkland, and Thirlby. They were three Contemporaries of great learning." It ^^'as in consequence of this request that I drew up the accoimt of Thirlby, in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1784, p. ^60 (see vol. IV. p. 264) j which having been shewn to Dr. Johnson in the state of a proof-sheet, he added to it neai-ly half of what is there printed. The Doctor's MS. is now before me, and begins with " What I can tell of Thiilby, I had from those who knew him ; I ne\er saw him in my life." The commimication concludes with "This is what I cuu remember." I will take this opportunity also of adding, that, ure of enjo)ing his conversation, and of contributing tluii' (juota to the general amusement. The names of tlie constant uienibers at the tinn; of Dr. Johnson's death were thus placed in the book, "on the rota of indispen'-able montlilv attendance:" Di. Johnson, ^J^r. Horsley, *\h\ Brocklesin, >.lr. Joddrell, >A1]-. C'ook(>, -.Mr. Ryland, *Mr. Paradise, *Dr. Burnev, /Mr. lloole, ^^Vlr. Su.tres, Mr. Allen, Hon. Mr. Barrin:;t'. Mr. Metcalfe, Mr. BiASWeli. 'i'he three bust gentlemen had been introduced in the room of Di-. Scott, who wiis named, but iu\'m- atunded ; of Mr. Tyers, who abdicated th(>- clul), Feb. 1, \~ih\\ ami of .Mr S'.rahan, who followed his example on the'i^jth of.iune. [ I'ho^t; whose names are thiis * marked attended the D(;cujr s funeral. The f)ther.'-, by .-sonie mistake, were not invited.] The following tetter, which I recei\ed only sc\en davs befoir hi' death, is one of the last that he ever wrote : " I)(c. (}, 17.S-I. 'Jhc late learned Mr. Sv.inton of Oxfoid, having one (l;iy leuiarked that one man, imiuiing, I siip|)o,-e, no man but hiuirLif, could a.s'^ign all tiie pait^ ol" tl:e Autii nt Cni- 554 LITERARY ANECDOTES. versvl Histoiy to their proper authoi*s ; at the request of Sir Ro- bert Chambers, or of myself, gave the account which 1 now ti"ansmit to you in his own hand, being willing that of so great a work the History should be known, and that each writer should receive his due proportion of pi'aise from posterity. I recom- mend to you to preserve this scrap of literary intelligence in Mr. Swinton's own hand, or to deposit it in the Museum, that the veiacity of this account may never be doubted. 1 am, Sir^ Your most humble servant, Sam. Johxsox. " Mr. Swintoii : The History of the Carthaginians, Numidians, Mauritanians, (iajtulians, Garamantes, MelanoGeetulians, N igrita:-, Cyj"enaica, Marmarica, the Regio Syrtica, Turks, Tartars, and Moguls, Indians, Chinese; Dissertation on the Peopling of Ame- rica, Dissertation on the Independency of the Arabs. The Cos- mogony, and a small part of the History immediately following, by Mr. Sale. To the Birth of Abraham, chiefly by Mr. Shelvock, Histoiy of the Jews, Gavds, and Spaniards ; and Xenophon's Retreat 5 by Mr. Psalmanazar. Histoiy of the Persians, and of theConstantinopolitanEmpij-e, by Dr. Campbell. History of the Romans, by Mr. Bower." The original of the above Letter, agreeably to Dr. Johnson's desire, is deposited in the British Museum. It was also printed, at the time it was sent, by the Doctor's express desire, in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LIV, p. S9'2. The date of it will shew that, amidst the pangs of ill- ness, the love of truth, and an attachment to the interests of Literature, were still predominant. His Letter, I may add, ap- j)eared in [uiblic, not only by his permission, but by his express desire. And it may be matter of some exultation to Mr. Urban, whom Dr. Johnson always acknowledged to have l>een one of his earliest jxUrons, that the Gentleman's Magazine shoidd haA e been by him selected as the repositoiy of perhaps the last scrap he ever dictated f(jr the press. On the following day, he said to me, " I may possibly live, or rather breathe, three days, or perhaps three \veeks ; but 1 find m\self daily and gi-aduuliy worse." His farther conversation on the subject of Mr. Cave and the Magazine, &c. is printed in vol. V. p. I'i. Before I quitted him he asked, whetliei' any of ti^e family of Faden the printer were living. Being told that the (ieograjjher near Charing Cross was Faden's son, he said, after a short pause, " I borrowed a guinea of his fither near thirty years ago; be so good as to take tliis, and pay it for nie." Whilst confined by his last illness, it was his regular practice to have the Church-service ri^d to him, by some attentive and friendly Divine; and he occasionaHy requested me to join the snrall de- %otionai assembly. The Rev. John Hoole performed this kind office in my jjresence for the last time, when, by his own desire, no more tlian the Litany was read ; in which liis rcsjjonses \\crc in the deep and sonorous \ oice which Mr. Bosu ell has occasionally noticed, and with the most proiound devotion that can be ima- gined. His liearing not beir.g quite perfect, lie more than once iiiterrupted Mr. jioole, v.ith ^ Louder, my dear Sir^ louder, I entreat JOHN JORTIN. 555 John Jortin was born in the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, Middlesex, Oct. 23, 169S. His fa- ther, Renatus*, was a native of Bretagne in France; entreat you, or you pray in vain !' and when the service was endexi, be, with great earnestness, turned round to the mother of Mr. Hoole, who vwo present, saying, ' I thank you, Madam, vei-y heartily, for your kindness in joining me in this solemn exer- cise. Live well, I conjure you 5 and you will not feel the com- punction at the last, which I now feel.' So truly humble were the thoughts which this great and good man entertained of his own approaches to religious perfection. He said at another time, speaking of the little fear he had of undci-going a chii-ur- gical operation, ' I would give one of these legs for a year more of life, I mean comfortable life, not such as that which I now suffer;' and lamented much his inability to read during his hours of restlessness, ' I used formerly,' he added, ' when sleep- less in bed, to read like a Turk.' During the whole time of my intimacy with him, he rarclv permitted me to depart without some sententious advice. At the lute.-t of these anecting interviews, I v. as gi'atified by his approbation of a Sonnet which I shewed him, addressed to Mr. Urban (printed in \o\. LXV. p. ii) ; and his words at parting were, " Take care of your eternal salvation. Remember to ob- serve the Sabbath. I^'t it never be a day of business, nor whollv a day of dissipation." He concluded his solemn farewell with, " Let my words have their due weight. "I'liey are the words of a dying -man." I never saw him more. In the last (ive or six days of his life but few even of his most intimate friends were admitted. Every hour, that could be absiracted from his bodilv pains and infirmities, was S|)ent in pra\er, and the warmest eja- culations ; and in that pious, praise-worthy, and exemplaiy man- ner, he closed along life, begun, continued, and ciided in virtue. He expii'ed, on the 13tii of December 1/81, without a pang. in the 7'"ith year of his age, to the loss of his intimate associate-' and the world, whose unremitting friend lie had ever been. And 1 had the mournfid satisfaction of joining the train of friends who paid the hii>t tribute of gratitude and esteem at hi-5 gTa^e in V\ e.-tminster Abbey. '^' This gentleman was a student at Saimnu' ; and hi^ testimo- nial from that academy, dated in 1682, is ^ii!i in the hands of his family. He came over a young man to England, with his father, uncle, two aunts, and two sifters, when th(- Protestants fled from France, about 1G87. He was made one of tiie gentle- men n? the j^rivy-chamber to King William HI. in KlDl ; be- came afterwards Secretary to J^ord Orford, to SirCieorge Rooke, and to Sir (,'loudcslev Sho\ el 3 and was cait awav with the latter, Oct 22. 1707. his 55^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. his mother, Martha, was daughter of Daniel Rogers *, of Haversham, in Bucks. He was brought up as a day-scholar at the Charter-house school in London ; and boarded with his mother; who^ having no other child, lived for that purpose in the neighbourhood. He learned French at home, and spoke it well. Having completed his school education when he was about 15, he remained at home about a year, and perfected himself in writing and arithmetick. Bv this means he always wrote a very fair hand ; and was so far advanced in arithmetick, that soon, after he went to the University he entered on ma- thematicks, under Dr. Saunderson, the blind pro- fessor. He was admitted a pensioner in Jesus col- lege, Cambridge, May 16, 1715, being then about 1 7 -j- ; and his mother removed to Cambridge, to be near him. Whilst he was an uiider-graduate there, he translated for Mr. Pope some of Eustathius's Notes on Homer. How he came to be employed in that work, is related below ;]:, from a marjuscript "" Descended from Mr. Riggers, ste^vard to one of the Earls of Warwick, whose residence was at Lees, near Chelmsford, in Essex, temp. Henry VIII. and produced many clergymen of note in that county. f His difliculty in finding* his baptism in the Parish IlcgisteF was owing to his father's changing the spelling of his name, from Jort'm to Jordahi, which his son after his death changed back again. % " When I ^vas a ?oph at Cambridge, Pope was about \\\% translation of Homer's llias, and had published jjart of it. He fJi!})lo}ed some perso)i (1 know not \\\\o he was) to make exr tracts for him from Eustathius, which he inserted in his Notes. At tliat time there w;is no Latin translation of that Conmientator. Alexander PoUti (if I remember riglit) liegan that work some years afterwards, but never proceeded far in it. Tlie jjerson employed by Mr. Pope was not at leisure to go on with the work ; and i\Ir. Pope {hy his bookseller I su]i])ose) sent to .Jetleries, a bookseller at Canroridge, to find out a student who would undei-take the task. Jcfferies applied to Dr. Thirlby, who was my tutor, and who pitciicd upon me. I would have tleclined the work, having (as I told my tutor) other studies to pursue, to fit me for taking my degree. But he, qui quicqidd Vi^lehat valdt volcbat, v, ould not hear of anv excuse ; so I com- plieri. I cannot recollect what Rlr. Po{)e allowed for t^ach book of Homer ; I have a notion that it was tliree or four guineas. I took JOHN JORTIN, 557 written by himself, not lon^ before his death. On the l6th of January 1718-lt), his grace was passed took as much care as I could to perform the task to his satisfac- tion ; but I was a'^hamed to desire my tutor to give himself the trouble of overlooking my operations 7 and he, who always used to think and sj)cak too favourably of ine^ said that I did not want his help. He never peiiised one line of it before it was printed, nor pcrha])s afterwards. When 1 had gone througU some books (1 forget how many) Mr. Jelferies let us know that Mr. Pojie had a friend to do tlie rest, and that we might give over, VVlicn I sent my papers to Jefllries, to be conveyed to Mr. Pope, I inserted, as I remember, some remarks on a pas- siige, where iMr. Pope, in my opinion, had made a mistake ; but as 1 was not dix'ectly employed by him, but by a bookseller, I did not inform him who I wiis, or set my name to my papers. When tliat part of Pope's Homer cauie out in which I had been f;oncerned, I was eager, as it njay be supposed, to see how things stood, and much pleased to find tliat he liad not only used almost all my notes, but had hardly made any alteiation in the expi"es- sions. I observed also, that in a subsequent edition, he cor- rected the place to wiiich I had made objections. I was in hojjes in those days (for 1 was young) that Mr. Pope would make inquiry about his coadjutor, and take some civil notice of him ; twit he did not, and 1 had no notion of obtruding myself upon him; I never saw his face." Dr. Jortln, MS. [" So all Pope's coadjutors complain of him ; proliably they iiad some reason for thinking that he was tw) well paid, and tiiey too poorly. As Jortin was confessedly a scholar. Pope's incuriosity or incivility is rej)rehensible. I once saw an originul letter of Pope's, in whicli he tliirly owned, that he did not understand Greek, which was probably \ cry true. It was read at Dr. Rutherford's ; and Dr. VVarton, who mentions it, was one of the company. The }>er5on at lirst ( inj)loyed, pcrha})s, was Broome ; the second iViend, Fenton. The iiistory of making; a hook is worth detailing, and one man's running away with all the credit." See a very curious letter by Mr. JlobcrtstJU, Gent. Mag. 179'^, j). GliK Translating Eu.-tathiiiS and iion)er arc two diiVen-nt things. See Gent. Mag. 179'Z, p. 6"08 ; 171)3, p. V/J\, ;V. J. So the iiiau and Odyssey are di.':linct translations. T. '.] ' The history oi tiie notes has never been traced. Hioiraie, in hi^ pjvfacc' (o h^^. Pucms, declares himself the commentator in pmi upon the I Had and it appears from Fenton's letter, preservnl in 1 !u; Museum, that Jiroome was at lirst c^ignu^fd in consul! ini;- Fn-i '.ihius ; but that ^fttr a tluic, \\tiatr\tr >va- lh( na-on, htMU-i.i'.J: aiiotliei" m;i! uf Caml.irldge was then cni])I(A('d, wlio soou rrinv weary of the work 3 and a tiiird was ncoinuicnde.l i,\ 'ihi!iiy, wiio is now discovered to lka\e been Jortin, a num siiKr well kiujuii to the k-arned world, who comidained tiuit P \',a3 in 1708, when Pope pre- pared the first gpeciraen of his V ersion for Tonson's iMiscella- nies. He was afteru'ards nr.ien obliged to this Mr. Bridges (whose mother was Mr. Trun.htiU's sister) for large corrections in his subsequent translation: \s Lie!) are still preserved in the British Museum. [The letter to Mr. Bridges has been since given to the publick in Dr. Johnson's Life of Poj)e.] * A secojid etiilion of these Poems came out in 1724, in a small octa\o. A third edition in 4 to was p,rinted by Mr. Bowyer in 1748, with additional poen.s, but without a preface. The Author did not ])at his name to the two last editions. They v.cre not spld. He printed them to give away to his friends. George JOHN JOKTIN, 559 of George the Second, Jortin (who was then a fellow of Jesus College), has a copy of Latin Hexameters on that occasion; and in the " Republick of Letters, 1729," vol. IV. p. 142, he has a poem "De Motu 'lerrae circa Solem." Mr. Jortin resigned the vicarage of SwaveseyFeb.l, 1730-1 ; came to London; and was soon after ap- pointed assistant to Mr. Capper, as reader and preacher at a chapel belonging to the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, then in New-street, near (ireat Russel-street, Bloomsbury. This duty he continued in till about the year 174f). He learned music after he came to London, and was a good player of thorough-bass on tiie harpsichord. Mr. Petit, a Frenchman, was his master; an excellent player of Corelli's music on the violin. In 1730 he published, in 12mo, " Four Sermons * on the Truth of the Christian Religion." In 1731 Mr. Jortin was Editor of " Miscellaneous Observations upon Authors antient and modern," 2 vols. 8vo. 'I'here is no name to this work ; nor is the whole of it his own, there being several ob- servations in it tliat were communicated by his friends '1^ Tiiere is a preface by Mr. Jortin to each * The substance of this little" work wnis re-p\iVjli.shed in the " :>i\ l)i.-couise.-5 on the Tmth of the Christian lleligion, IJAd." t This work was first publislied in 24 .-ix-peiniy niunhers. Among the ^iii;naturcs of the Dissertations, A. and It. denote, it* I am not misinformed, 15i:-,ho]) IVaree ; C(rni(ihrigiens}:<, and u letter (uitliout a nanieO called Aiiiinadcersioncs in Lucitnii Aamum, Dr. 'I'aylor: /.. T. Mr. Theobald; J. iM. .^hL^son ; B. G. iJrampton (lurdon ; B. C. G. \)v. Ilobin-on, the editor of Hcsiod fjQ. \\hat paper is marked B. (.'. G. ? B. G. in }). 7^S, is Di'. Robinson's] ; .S. B. -"Mr. Samuel Barker; a Dr. 'J'l>irl!)v ; /. U. ]Mr. Upton ; T. R. Mr. Kud (edit(jr of Symeon !)H>/cl)nr:n^u, l~'.]'t) ; 1). ]^,Tr. \\ assc ; n Wasse; C. i\ir. Capper ; a iiiuid, J.AValker. 'I'he utlicr sitznatures have not be. n explained, h is much to be re- jiretted that this critical \unk ua:i )i()t ecniiimed. It \v;is re- puitiiiiu'd in " .Vliseeilantce (Jbservatloin s in Auctores veteres vx r<'eentioies; ah ei'udi'is i3ritannis iumo i;.')l edi cwpta-, cum .Notis et Auctcirio \ariorum \irorinn d(x lorum. Amst. 17o2 \"i.l\," \ vols, divided eaeii into three jiarrs, and jmblished every iwo months. V\ iien Mr. .lortin du lined the Eriflish puljlication, the fo;ciij:,n one was still coni.iiuied l>y the Kditor, Jac. I'h.il. D'Orville, a-.-i-ted \i\ the lean. ed l>iirin;ui, under the title of " .\liseellane;e Ub-ervationes ciiticie in auctores veteie.s 5^0 LITERARY ANECDOTES. volume, and the second is inscribed to the third Duke of Rutland. In 1734 he pubHshed, without his name, from Mr. Bowyer's press, " Remarks on Spenser's Poems *," 8vo ; at the end of which are some Remarks on Milton ; and in August, that year, his " Remarks on L. Annaeus Seneca" appeared in " The Republick of Letters." In 1737 the Earl of Winchelsea gave him the vicarage of Eastwell in Kent; but he soon after quitted it, the air of that place not agreeing with iiis health. On the 20th of March, 174^-7, Dr. Pearce, then rector of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, appointed him afternoon preacher at one of the chapels of ease belonging to that parish, in Oxendon-street, in the room of the Rev. Mr. Johnson, then deceased, where he continued preacher till i76'o. In 1746" he published " Six Discourses on the Truth of the Christian Religion -j-,'' of which a second edition viris in Belgio et aliis rcgionibus, coutinuatie ;" and a number of it appeared, at first once in three months, then once in four montlis, till the tenth was completed, in 1739. Three more wei'c at'terwardb occasionally published, in nine parts, 1/41 1745 ; and in the yciU' 17^1 an entire volume at once; with a preface by D'Orville 3 who had resumed the work upon a some* %vhat different plan, and proposed to continue it, but was pre- vented by his death, which happened that very year. In the fifth volume, p. 47 54, is a Dissertation, "])e Originibus Nea- poiitanis," signed R . . noldsj which, as appears in vol. X. p. 444, was by Mr. Reynolds, on whom a handsome elogium is bestowed by I)'br\ille. In a copy of this work, which I possessed in 1782, I\lr. Jortin's share of it (with that of most of the aforementioned wiiters) are pointed out in Mi. b\ Mr. i3owyer. * See what has been already said on this subject, p. .'53. f Mr.Whiston, in the ^Memoirs of his own Life, vol. I. p. 9.0S, says, "About the year 1736, and before jQueen Caroline died, iMr. Jortin, a great ami learned fri(Mid of mine, and from whom 1 afterward received a remedy of ^ir Edward llulse's for a great disorder I was then in, which, by God's- blessing, saved my life, told me, that the late Duke of Somei'set, a great Athanasian> once forbade his chaplain to read the Athanasian Creed (which I imagined was .occasioned by a suggestion from the Queen ; to ^vhom I had com})lained, that although she was Queen, that Creed was not yet laid aside) : whereupon M)-. Jortin left off the same Creed for some time. Mr. Joitin has also lately publLshed J vcrv irood buuk tor the Chritilian Rcliirion." JOHN JORTIN. 561 came out in 1747j a third in 1752, and a fourth in 176*8. In 1747 he preached occasionally at Lincoln's Inn for Mr. Warburton, then preacher there, and continued to be his assistant about three years. On Dr. Pearce's promotion to the bishoprick of Bangor, the conse- cration sermon was preached by Mr. Jortin, at Kensington, Feb. 21, 1747 ; and published by the order of Archbishop Herring. In July or August 1 749 Lord Chancellor Hard- wicke offered Dr. Jortin a living in the City ; but it was so small, that he refused it ; for he would have been a loser by accepting it, as he must have quitted some preferment more profitable. The Earl of Bur- lington, at the request of Archbishop Herring and Bishop Sherlock, appointed him preacher of Boyle's Lecture, Dec. f 6, 1 749 ; which he held for three years, but did not publish any of the Sermons preached on that occasion. In May 17.51 Archbishop Herring gave him, un- solicited, the rectory of St. Dunstan in the East, Lon- don * ; and in August that year he paid a short visit to liis friends at Cambridge; where he had not been before from the time of his quitting the University. I le published in 1 75 1 the first volume of his " Re- marks on Ecclesiastical Historyj-," which is inscribed ' Of tliis prefernient the foUowini^ anecdote is related : That ill tlie .-.iiiiiiij;- of the year 1751 Mr. Jortin dined at a feast of the Sons of the Clergy, where Archhi^hoi) Herring was jn'csent ; and, on lieint:; told the Archbi.shoj) was desirous of renewing his acquaintance with him, he jncpared for going to the upper end of th(! i(joni, by looking at the lower end amongst a great num- ber of hats that w ere laid on a tal)lo in a confused manner, for hi-5 own ; his friends told him that the hat was by no means ne- ccs.-an, he therefore waited on the Prelate without it. I'he Archbi'-liop complimented him on his talents and writings, and ended the conversation by giving him, in the presence of the clcriTV, a presentation to the rectory of St. Dunstan, which he had pinposely biought in his pocket. Mr. Jortin then rettu'ncd to hi-i -cat, telling hi.s Friends, " I have lo^t my hat; but I have got a living. " i" .Mr. Warburton had, in 17.")(), annsay, which was printed in I753 ; but it is appropriated to him in a third edition, I775. In 1754 came out the third volume of " Kemarks on Ecclesiastical History," with an inscription to Archbishop Herring. In a })reface to ^' Six Dissertations * on. diflerent Subjects, 1755," is a compliment to the Primate, qulty ; composed, like liis life, uot iu the spirit of c'ofror what (quarter it corner, yet 1 am as sure of the author as if I had seen it wiitttn ; for 1 know but of one man from whose heart or wlvosy ])en so fine a piece of irony could come. Therefore, if I I* aristakon, do not undeceive me; for the pleasure cf thinking: fnmi whence it comes to me, is as great as the jiift. In the meaii time I say to every body else (even to Mr. Allen, who however on the inst reiirling told me that the keen softness, the politeness, and the delieacy, he thought, could come but from (me band) what I sav io yoti, that 1 have had no data to judge of the author ; that I saw it first by accident after the publication > and that I an> sure Mr. Jortin w ill tk) me the justice to think I had no hand iu it, because I am sine he does not think I am abb; : in which he is not out. 1 w ill be fmnk with \ ou : next to the pleasure of seeing nnself so finely juaised, i- the. satisfiiction I take in see- ing JOHN JORTIN*. 5^3 who conferred on him that year the degree of D.D. The friendship the Archbishop had for him, and the reasons why he accepted this degree from him, will appear in the following extract from a MS. of his own : "Archbishop Herring and I were' of Jesus College in Cambridge ; but he left it about the time when I was admitted, and went to another. Afterwards, ing Jortin mortified. I know to what degree it will do it. He ileserves t<^ be moitified on tliis occasion: it will do liim good, and this is the worst I wisli him. There wmbl('il Warluun, had piety without siqnjslition, and nuj- 'ler.iiion without mcauufs--, an oj)en and liberal way ur tliinkinij;', and a constajit attaclinicnt to the cause of soi)ei' and r.Uionul lil)erty both (i\il and religions. 'I'hus lie lived and died; and f w men ever pa--ed liu'ough tills malevolent world, nioiv be- lo\e 570 LITERARY ANECDOTES. tion he much Hked, and better adapted to his then advanced age.' In ljC)6 he sent Dr. Neve, in a lettei*, some few remarks on PhiUpps's History of the Life of Car- dinal Pole, which were added to Dr. Neve's ani- madversions on that History, in an Appendix, No. I. In 17^7 a second edition of his three volumes of " Remarks on Ecclesiastical History" was published ; but printed closer, so as to be brought into two volumes, 8vo ; a circumstance which was not very pleasing to the Author, Dr. Jortin continued to live in the then vicarage- house at Kensington, dividing his time between his pastoral functions and his study, enjoying himself with his usual serenity, till the 27th of August 1770, when he was seized with a disorder in his breast and lungs. He grew continually worse, notwithstand- ing all medical assistance ; and without undergoing much pain in the course of his illness, or his under- standiiig being tiie least impaired, he died, on the 5th of September, in the 7 2d year of his age. The last words of eminent men are frequently thought worth recording. Dr. Jortin, in answer to a female attendant who offered him som.e nourish- ment, said, with great composure, "No; I have had enough of every thing!" A worthy Clergyman asked Dr. Jortin why he did not i)ublish his Sermons. " They shall sleep," he replied, '' till I sleep." More instances of his laconic mode of speech might easily have been pro- duced. He left the followins: direction in writinii for his funeral: ' Bury me in a private maimer by day -light at Kenyington in the church, or rather in the new c'i lurch -yard, and lay a fiat stone over the grave.. Let the inscription be only this : Joannes Jortin rnortalis esse desiit anno salutis [mdcclxx], a^tatis Flxxii]." He JOHN JORTIN. 571 He was accordingly buried, about nine o'clock in the morning, in the new church-yard at Kensing- ton, and the above inscription put on his grave- stone. He left a widow (who died June 24, 1778, and was buried in the same grave) ; and two chil- dren, Rogers Jortin *, esq, and Martha, married to the Rev. Samuel Darby -j-. . Dr. Jortin completed in his life-time his " Re- marks on Ecclesiastical History," ending with the the year 1.5 17, the time when Luther began the Heformation.|:. These "Remarks" were printed by "^ This gentleman, vvho died July S, 1795, had very conside- rable pj'actice in the Court of Exchequer; as one of the princip'rd Clerks in Court. He had been twice married. By the first wife (who was the eldest daughter and coheiress of "William Prowling, esq.) he left two sons 3 and by the second (a daughter of Dr. Maty) he had one son. t relunv of Jesus college, Cambridge; B.A. 1743; M. A. 1719: afterwards rector of SMiattield, near Hadleigh, Suf^Uc He (lied ia 1791. :|: "A review of the life of the late Di". Jortin," says an elegant writer, who is deservedly a favovu'itc with the publick, "cannot but S'.iggcst the most pleasing reflections. As a Poet, a Divine, a Philosopher, and a Man, he served the cause of Religion, Learn- ing, and IMoi-ality. The]'c are, i\uleed, many Writers whose re])utiit!()u is more diffused junong the vulgar and illiterate, but few w ill Ix; foimd whose names stand higher than Dr. Jortin's in the e.~tcem of the judicious. Hi.-. i>atin poetry is classically ele- gant. His discourses and dissertations so^sible, ingenious, and argumentative. His remarks on JCcclcsiastical History interest- ing and in)i)artial. His S'-rmons replete with sound sense and ri^ionul moralitv, expiessed in a .style simple, ])urc, and attic. ^!i!i|)lieity of htyle is a giace, whicli, though it may not captivate jit first sight, is sure in the end to give permanent satisfuctioij. if does not excite admiration, but it raises esteem. It does not waiin to raj)tu!e, but it soothes to complacency. Un.-jki'ful write.'s seldom aim at this excellence. Tiiey imagine that what i natural and comm(m, cannot be beautiful. Jivery thing ia llicir compositions must be strained, every tiling atTpeeted : but Dr. Jortin had studied the .Antic'ut.-,, and perhaps formed himself on the model of Xcnojihon. He wrote on sutyects of morality; and moraiitv is founded on reason, and reason is alway.i cooj an;! disj,;i ionate. A florid declamation, emijeHi.-iied witli rho- oriciil figures, and animated with pathetic description, niav in* iuce the imder.-landin"- r- * auU 572 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Mr. Bovvyer in 1773, as the fourth and fifth volumes, in 8vo. He left also some manuscript Remarks on ami reform the conduct. The first efforts of genius have com- monly been in poetiy. Uni'estrained by the frigidity of argu- ment, and the confinement of rules, the yourjg mind gladly in- dulges the flights of imagination. Cicero, as well as many other anticnt philosophers, orators, and historians, is known to have sacrificed to the Muses | in his earlier productions. Dr. Jortin adds to the number of those who confirm the observation. In his Lusiis Poetici, one of the first of liis works, are united clas- sical language, tender sentiment, and hai'monious verse. Among the modern Latin poets, there are few who do not yield to Dr. Jortin. His Sapphics on the story of Bacchus and Ariadne, are easy, elegant, and poetical. The little Ode, in which the calm life of the philosopher is compared to the gentle stream gliding through a silent grove, is highly pleasing to the mind, and is perfectly elegant in the com})Osition. The Lyrics are in- deed all excellent. The Poem on the Immortality of the Soul is ingenious, poetical, and an exact imitation of the style of Lucretiiis. In short, the whole collection is such as would scarcely have disgraced a Roman in the age of an Augustus, Tiftie, if it does not cool the fire of imagination, certainly fatrcngthcns the powers of the judgment. As our Author advanced in life, he cultivated his reason rather than his fancy, and de- .sisted from liis eflbrts in poetry, to exert his abilities in the dis- quisitions of criticism. His observations on one of the Fathers of Engli-^h I'oetry need but to l)e more generally known, in order to l)e move generally approved. Classical prcxluctions ar^ lathi r anmsing than infttructi\e. His works of this kind are all juvenile, and naturally flowed from a classical education. These lu)we\er were but pre})aratory to his higher designs, and soon ga\e way to the more important enquiri(>s which were peculiar to his profession. His Discourses on the Christian Religion, one of the first fi'uits of his theological pursuits, aboimd with that sound sense and solid ai'gument, which entitle their Author to a rank veiy near the celebrated Grotius. His Dissertations are equally remarkable for taste, learning, originality, and in- i'enuity. His Life of lu'asmus has extended hi.-^ reputation ije- vond the limits of his native countr\ , and established his literarv character in the remotest Universities of Eu)-ope. Erasnms harl long b(>en an object of uni\ersal admiration ; and it is matter of surprize, that his Life had never been written witli accuracy and judgment. This task was rcseiTcd for Dr. Jortin j and the a\idity witli which the ^\ ork v.as received by the learned, is a proof of the uieiit of the execution. It abounds with matter interesting to the scholar ; but the style and method are such as will not plcu;e CA cry rcadei". Thei c is a carelessness in it, and a want of J "And poorly too." 7' /'. dignity JOHN JORTIN. 573 Authors, interspersed with many critical and bio- graphical Anecdotes ; some other Miscellaneous dignity and delicacy. His Remarks on Ecclesiastical Histoiy are full of manly sense, ingenious strictuies, and profound eioi- dition. The Work is highly beneficial to mankind, as it repre- sents 'that superstition \vhich disgraced human nature, in its proper light, and gives a right sense of the advantages derived from religious reformation. He every where expresses himself with peculiar vehemence against the infatuation of bigotry and faaaticism. Convinced that true happiness is founded oii a right use of the reiisoning powers, 'iie makes it the scope of all his religious works, to lead mankind fioia the errors of imagi- nation, to attend to the dictates of dispassionate reason. Post- humous publications, it has been remaiked, are usually inferior in merit to those which wejc published in an author's life-time. And indeed the opinion seems jjlaubible, as it may be presumed tiiat an authors reason for not i>ublishiiig his works is a consci- ousness of their inferiority. The Sermons of Dr. Jortin were, howe\tr, designed I)y tlieir author as a legacy to mankind. To enlarge on their value, woidd only be to echo back the })ublic voice, (iood sense and ^()und mondity appear in them, not indeed dressed out in the merctricioiiri ornaments of a florid .style, but in all the nuudy force and simple graces of natural fhxiuence. The same ca])rice, which laises to reimtation those t)illingdiscour.-es which have nothiiig to recommend them but a prettiness of fancy, will again consign them to oblivion: but the Sermons of Dr. Jortin will continue to be read with pleasure and edilieation, as long as human nature shall continue to be en- dowed with the faculties of reason and discernment J. The transition from an Authors writings to his life is fiequently di.-a(hantageous to his cliaractei'. Dr. Joi'tin, howexer, when no longer considered as an author, but as a man, is so far from iH-iiig kssened in our opinion, that he excites still gretiter esteem jind applausi'. A simplicity of mannei^, an inoii'ensive behaviour, ;m universal benevolence, candour, modestv, antl good sense, were his charaeleii~ticks. Though his genius, and love of let- ters, led him to choose the ^till \ide of fte([ues>tered life, yet w;is his merit consj)ieuous enough to iitlract the notice ot a eeitain Hriniati', wiio did honour to Ej>is(()pacy. He was ])resente(l, by Archbishop Herring, to a beneiice in London, woi'th '20'-) p(un- pointcd [ " It is surpri/.ing tliat alciuiu-d ;iiid elegant dis-^eitaior ['Mr. Mainwaring] should not have net iced and a])i)lau,!( d the Sernioiw iA' Dr. Jortin, as well as those of I{isii()]is Secivcr and Hunl, and Dr. Powi^ll." r. i: In t!-ans( riliing this .'('ntciiec fidiu Mr. Knox, a few \vin''i~ li;ue l)een met -siuilv altered 574 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Pieces; which were published, in 179I, under the title ot" " Tracts, Theological Critical and Miscella- neous*," 2 vols. 8vo. He left also correct copies of such of his Sermons as might be published, of the *' Doctrine of a future State as it may be collected from the Old Testament," and of Four Charges delivered by him as Archdeacon. His son, soon after his death, at the solicitation of many of the parishioners of St. Dunstan in the pointed him archdeacon of his diocese. This was all the j)re- feruicnt he had ; nor had he this till he was advanced in life. He did not however repine ||. Thus he speaks of him- self. ' Not to his enidition but to his constant love and pur- suit of it he owes a situation and a station, better than he expected, and as good as he ought to desire.' While jjcrsons of inferior attainments were made bishops, a man wh(> had been luicommonly eminent in the ser\ice of learning and religion, was left to i)ine in the shade of obscurity, INIany who were lliought to Ikuc little more than the shadow of piety and learn- ing, have had tlie substantial reward of them, if secular advan- tages could bestow it. Jortin \vas acknowledged to possess true virtue and real knowledge, but was left to receive his rccompence in the suggestions of a good conscience, and the applause of posterity. Tiie writer of this eulogium, as it has been called, is not conscious of exaggeration, fie owns, howc\ er, that he en-^ tei-tained a fu^()luable prepossession concerning this liberal and laI>orious selsolar at a very early age. When a school-boy he liad the lionour to be several times in his company, and always l()ok(^d up to him with a degree of veneration natiu'al to a young mind slJDUgly attached to letters. He is haj)py to find that the unprejudiced coincide with him in his maturer judgment." E:ok ; the one was the more lapid and Howing, the other ihe mcjre terse and conect writer; the one was moi-e cajtable of ionaing the plan and system of a large work, the other excelled more in little loose detached piee( - : (he -,ermoti.-: of tlie one ;ire not the most valuable, tliosfc of 57, the same year, 1717, he had the degree of M. A. conferred on him by the University of Cambridge, when that learned Body had the hon- our of a visit from King George the First. He was chosen a second time of the Council of the Royal Society, Dec. 14, I718 ; continued to be re-chosen every year till 1727; and Jan. 17, 1 722-3, had the farther distinction of being appointed by their illustrious President, Sir Isaac Newton, one of his Vice-presidents. Nor were these honours unjustly bestowed ; for Mr. Folkes was not only indefatigable himself in observing the secret operations and astonishing objects of Nature, but also studious to excite the same vigilance in others. He was elected into the Society of Antiquaries, Feb. 17, 1719-20. In 1723. soon after the death of that sagacious observer of the minute creation, the great Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek, who, after having been a valu- able Correspondent to the Royal Society above fifty years, bequeathed to them his cabinet of micro- scopes, Mr. Folkes gave an account of that valuable * Philosophical Transactions, vol. XXX. No, 352, p. 58G. p p 2 legacy, 580 LITERARY ANECDOTES. legacy; who desiring that it might be made pubHc, it was printed in their Transactions*. At ttie first anniversary election of the Royal Society after the death of Sir Isaac Newton, in I727, Mr. Folkes was competitor with Sir Hans Sloane, bart. for the office of President ; his interest beins^ supported by a great number of members, though the choice was determined in favour of Sir Hans. Tlie XXXIV th Volume of the Philosophical Transactions, for the year I J 26 and 1727 was ad- dressed to Mr. Folkes, by Dr. .Turin, secretary of the Royal Society, in a dedication, the motive of which was, as that very learned Physician observed, *' the same which induced tlie greatest man that ever lived to single out Mr. Folkes to till the chair, and to preside in the assemblies of that Society, when the frequent returns of his indisposition would no longer permit him to attend them with his usual assiduity. This motive," added Dr. Jurin, " we all know, was your uncommon love to, and singular attainments in, those noble and manly sciences, to which the glorv of Sir Isaac Newton, and the repu- tation of the Royal Societ\^, is solely and entirely owing." And he concludes his Dedication with the highest compliment to Mr. Folkes, that, " It is suf- ficient to sav of him, that he was Sir Isaa'c Newton's Friend." He v^'as chosen of the Council of the Society on the 1st of December I729 ; and continued in it, till he was advanced to the Presidentship, twelve years after; having been appointed, on the 8th of February 1732-3? oiiti of the Vice-presidents bySirHansSloane. He set out, with his whole family, on a tour into Italy, the 25th of Mamh 1 7.33 ; and, passing through Germany, reached Venice in September following ; whence he proceeded to Rome, where he resided a considerable time, as he did afterwards some Qionths * No. 3S0. p. 446. at MARTIN rOLKES. 5 Si at Florence. He returned by sea from Leghorn to England, where he arrived on the 1st of September 1735, after having spent two years and a half abroad with the highest satisfaction to himself and the greatest marks of esteem and respect from the prin- cipal persons in all places which he visited. The opportunities which he had of consulting the best-furnished cabinets in Italy, enabled him to compose there an excellent Dissertation on the Weights and Values of antient Coins. This he read to the Society of Antiquaries, London, at two of their meetings, on the 15th and 22d of January, 1735-6; and received their unanimous thanks for it, with a request that a copy of it might be registered in their books: which he promised to give them *, after he had revised it and made some additions. His observations on the Trajan and Antonine Pillars at Kome (which he visited with his Lady) were read before the Society of Antiquaries, Feb. 5, 1735-^; ^nd printed in their Archaeologia, vol.1. p. 117. And in the same Volume, p. 12a, are his observations on the Brass Equestrian Statue at Rome, occasioned by a small Brass Model of it found near London ; which were read before the Society, April 7, 1736. On the 14th of that month he communicated to them 'A Table of English Gold Coins'}-, from the 1 8th of King Edward the Third, when Gold was first * "This was never done," says Dr. Ward, in a MS copy of these Memoirs, which al'lerwanis becauje tlie property of hi* friend .John Loveday, esq. of Caversham. f This Work he meditated so early as 1731- Mr. Hearne, the celtbrated Antiquary, in a letter to the Earl of Oxford, /tug. 2b, 1732, says, "As for Martin I'olke.s (an ingenious gentknian) his design upon our English Coins (in wliicli is not much erudition, iio\vev(ir the siibjcct be cin'ious) I never heard of it bc^fore, I i-e!neml)er Sir Andrew Fountaine, many years ago, told me nioic tiian once \\c liad sucii a work in vievv, by way of continuation of his Saxon Coins; but v.hat pro- gress he made I never lieard, though I presume considerable, with respect to such a ColIccUoUj unless he parted with all or most to Lord IVmbroke." coined 582 LITERARlr AN:ECD0TE3. coined in England, to the present Time, with their Weights and intrinsic Values;" which, at their desire, on the 22d of that month, he consented to pubhsh ; and it was accordingly printed the same year, in 4to *. ^IVo years after he likewise read to them a Dissertation upon an antient Latin inscrip- tion at Nismes. Nor was he less obliging to the Royal Society, whom he favoured with Yiis " Remarks on the Standard Measure preserved in the Capitol of Rome;" which was read at their meeting of the 5th of Feb- ruary 1735-^, and published in their Transactions-I-. He exhibited to that Society, in the July follow- ing, a model of an antient Sphere, in the Farnese palace at Rome (supposed to be the most exact representation of it in Antiquity;]:), which model had been made in plaster of Paris, under his di- rections, during his residence in that city; the original, in stone, supported by an Atlas, being conjectured by him, upon good grounds, to have been made in the year of the Christian aera 112, towards the end of the Emperor Trajan's reign ^. This model of the Farnese Sphere was in the same year exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries. * This makes Table XXXVIII. of the fir>t volume of the Society's " Vetusta Monumenta." Mr. Folkes himself reprinted it, with additions, in 1745. See p. 584. t Vol. XXXIX. No. 4 12, p. 262. J The colure passes through those parts of the asterisms by which it is said to have passed in the days of Hipparchus ; but the intersection of the equator and ecliptic is not at the colure, but at some distance, whence Bianchini, who intended a disser- tation on it, refers it to the time of the Antonines. The figures all turn th^nr backs, because the Antieuts supposed the constel- lations looked on the Earth, and so they would appear to do, if viewed from without the starry sphere ; and Ptolemy, describing their ap].earance on a celestial globe, places them on the backs of the figures, which was not rightly understood by some moderns. A di-aught of this was communicated by him to Dr.Bentley, then preparing his long-promised edition of Manilius, in which it was afterwards published, in 1739, in 4to. His MARTIN FOLKES. 583 His next communication to the Royal Society- was, on the 4th of November 173f), an Account of some Mock Suns, or Parheha, seen by him on the 17th of September preceding *. His ingenious friend. Dr. Robert Smith, then Plumian Professor of Mathematicks in Cambridge^ and aftei wards Master of Trinity College there, being engaged in composing ** A Complete System of Optics," Mr. Folkes furnished him with several curious remarks on the fallacies of vision, on the Sun's apparent distance, on the apparent figure of the sky, on the apparent curvity of the sides of long walks and ploughed lands, and on the changes of curvity by the obser\'er's motions ; for which he received the acknowledgements of the Professor in the Preface to that Work, published in 1738, in 4to. As he had not seen France in his travels to Italy, he made a tour to Paris in May 1739, chiefly with a view of seeing the Academies there, and convers- ing with the learned men who do honour to that city and the republick of letters, and by whom he was received with all the testimonies of reciprocal regard. Sir Hans Sloane having, on account of his ad- vanced age and growing infirmities, resigned the Presidentship of the Royal Society, at the annual election, in 174I, Mr. Folkes was unanimously chosen to fill that honourable post ; which he did with the highest reputation to the Society and him- self. ' Soon after his election he presented the So- ciety with 100/. The deatli of Dr. Edmund Halley, in January 1 74 1-2, occasioning a vacancy in the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, the eyes of that illustrious Body were immediately fixed upon the new President of the Royal Society, whom they chose to place in the room of that great Philosopher and Astronomer. Nov. 11, 1742, he communicated to the Royal Society an account of the Proportions of thp E"g- * Pliilosophical Transact ioni;, vol. XL, No. 445. p. 59. lish 584 LITERARY ANECDOTES. lish and French Measures and Weights, from the Standards of the same kept at that vSociety *. An account of the disc^overy of that extraordinary insect called the Fresh-water Polypus, by Mops. Trembley, then residing at the Hague, was no sooner brought to F^ngland, than Mr. Folkes began to make experiments upon it; the result of which he com- municated to the Uqyal Society, in a Paper read before them tlie 24th of March 1 742-3 -f-. His curiosity with relation to the geography of his country having led him to a particular exami- nation of some of the oldest maps of it, those of Mr. Christopher Saxton, he gave in a paper concern- ing them to the Koyal Society, on the 12th of May 1743 ; shewing that those Maps were the first which were made from an actual survey ; and that from them most part of the present maps, except Ogilby's Koads, are taken : That it appears, from a privilege granted for ten years to Mr. Saxton by Queen Eli- zabeth, dated July 22, 1577, that his work was car- ried on at the expence of Thomas Seckford, esq. mas-r ter of the requests, afterwards knighted, and was then in hand, but not completed ; that the date of the earliestMap is 1574,and that of the general title 1579. The next paper of his was read June 1^, 1743? being an account of the Comparison, lately made by some members of the Royal Society, of the standard of a yard, and the several weights lately made for their use; with tl:re original standards of measure and weight in tlie Exchequer, and some others ke})t for public use at Guildhall, Founders Hall, the Tower, and other places :[:. His work, intituled, "A Table of English Silver Coins, from the Norman Conquest to the present Time: with their Weights, intrinsic Values, and some lieaiarks uj)on the several Pieces,*' published at London, in May 1745, in 4to, is a valuable spe- * Philosophical TransactionSj vol, XI^II, No. 465, p. 165, t Ibid. No. ifJO, p. 422. X Ibid. N0.47O; p. 541, ciui^n MARTIN FOLKES. 585 clmen of the accuracy and judgment with which he treated every subject that he thought proper to discuss ; and as it greatly surpassed whatever had been pubhshed of that kind before, so it has left httle room for either addition or amendment. He printed this Treatise, together with a second edition of his " Table of English Gold Coins,'' at his own expence, for the benefit of the Society of Anti- quaries, and as presents to his numerous friends *. * "^ In order further to illustrate his design, Mr. Folkes engraved 42 plates, containing near 480 coins, but not entirely filled up, and in 1745 exhibited it to the Society of Antiquaries, They then reiolved to complete it, and Mr. Folkes furnished the plaa of plates, and letter-press for 50, offering his assistance, and to make up his own plates, and give them to the Society, Uj)on his death, they purchased his 44 plates and copy for 1'20/. the mere cost of engraving ; and Mr. \\ illiam Folkes gave them some of his brother's MS paj.r-rs. Thus was Mr. Folkcs's \alu- fible design carried into execution by this learned Body, by re- publishing, at theii" own expence, his 'J'ables and Plates, with expl.-mations, in 4to, 170.'^.. IMany coins were added to his Plates. Twenty additional Pi.ites were engraved, containing no less than 70O coins, including many not known to Mr. Folkes, together with six su[)plomental ones, consisting of coins omitted in their proper place ; and as others have occurred since, the Society have it in C()ntem})!alion still to augment them. The coin of Eustace, pl.l. tig. ^l, engraved anew from the original in Dr. Hunter's cabinit, in Avchceologia, vol.V.p. 481, is one proof of many that miglit be adduced, of tlie inaccui-acy with which this valuable design was conducted. As Mr. Folkes's book, pub- lidicd in 1745 {excepting 01. 'y an Appendix, containing the coins sti'uck in Scttkuid between the accession of James I. and the Union, imder Oaeen .Vp.ne) related wholly to the Historv of the English Mint, ti\e Society subjoined a particular descri])tioa . of the several coiiis, their weights, legends, &c. by Dr. John Ward, then Director, who drew up grc^at part of the lctter-])ress for Mr. Folk's, and on his demise by Dr. Andrew GifFord. This new edition of both his pieces wa.^ comj)!eted from Ids coirccled copy of his own ediLi)n. To which co])y Piofessor Ward, Dr, Ciillbrd, Dr. Ducartl, and Mr. Colebronk, had in ir5ij largely contributed tlieir ob-'Tvution-;. Upon tli'.^ dcfcave oi" Professor Wai'd, tlir, ooK'l'.U't of ih''' n;-.. (.(lition d;-, olvid on hi-; cuuiiutoj-. Dr. (iitl'oi'il. Tiic I'latc:-. were iic'z,an to bo roiv.jilolcd !)y Junies Green, wiio had before b'j; u u;)[)oiiiled engraver 10 the .Socic(\ [, f " for 'AlKnii k'; r\tc\\U-.\ only flu- ^-hI (iT (liri^t ( luircli, (i.difi'rhiiiy ; whii 14 Iriil iiccii iiiip't-ri-ci ly (!(>!) iiy Mr. \i(m.', just iii t):i' his iU-,uh; ;iliil the old uuiMtU: I'i'f. ;\t W ;iiJ' 11 ; i 1 one jilUc. Mr. (jiti 11 dii'il in I75B, 585 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Several experiments having been made in Holland upon the fragility of unnealed glass vessels, he not only gave an account of them, but likewise exhibited and on his resignation of that office, on account of ill health, feouie of them weir given to Wood the engraver. At length, at the desire of the Editor, the execution of the whole engi-aving was committed to Fi ancis Perry (of whom see Brit. Top. vol. I. p. 16'4) who finished his Work in 1758, and received for it 391. 11*. The explanations subjoined, and the improved copy of Mr. Folkes's Work, were not put to press till 1761, in which year the fiist 15 siietts were printed in 14 weeks, as was exactly stated by Mr. Bowyer, in his letter to the Council, in Rlarch 1762, in answer to a charge of unnecessary delay brought against hiui. But unexpected inteiTuptions arising on the part of the Coi"id actor, the next 14 sheets took up 39 weeks to print, and the new edition was not published till 1763 (see p. 417). The A.lveitiscment, in two pages, was drawn up by Dr. Taylor, then Director. The Supplement, in 40 pages, with a Postscript of four more, and six Plates, were by Dr. Gilford. During a long interval between the commencement and completion of this great Work, the publick was surpiized, and the Society jnpre so, by the appearance of 27 Plates of Englisr; Silver Coins, eng.aved by IVancis Peny above mentioned, published by Mr. Thotna- Saelling, evidently copied from the Spciety's Plates, thoui.li not continued beyond the reign of King George the Secnd " R. G. I retain the foregoing note as written originally by Mr. Gough, that I may correct it by the following remarks of Mr. Tutet : " 1 1 is too haish to say in general terms ' evidently copied from tue Society's plates,' as himself has given the names of several .gentlemen who lent him rare and valuable Coins for the express purpose of being engraven in his Work, besides several in his own possession which he has specified, and many others which ai'e well known to have been put into his hands, but the pos- sessors names were not mentioned, on accoimt of the Coins not being of any great rarity. There is also a proof of Snelling hav- ing published several Coins totally unknown to the Editor of the Society's Plates, the latter having frequently referred to the ' View of the English Silver Coin.' Wlmt Snelling was to blame for is in having availed himself somewhat vmhandsomely of the Society's unpublished PJate.s ; whence, however, he copiecl only a very small number of Coins, the originals of which were not then to be got at, and those few are wrong engraven by both Editors ; therefore Jiat justitia !" 1758, and was succeeded, as ensjravcr to the Society, l)y Mr. James Basire, tvho-p hurin will do credit to every individual or body of men who employ it." A'"/c by Mr. Gough in 17 B2. Mr. James Basire died in 1802; but his talents are amply inherited by another James Basire, his son. J. iV. gave MARTIN FOLKES. 587 Bome of them to the Royal Societ}^ on the 31st of October 1745*- His Remarks on some Bones incrusted with Stone, which he had seen at Rome, in the Villa Ludovisia, furnished him with the subject of another Paper, read before the Society on Dec. 12^. The University of Oxford, being desirous of hav- ing a gentleman of his eminence in the learned world a member of their body, as he was of the University of Cambridge, conferred on him, m July 174^, the degree of Doctor of Laws; upon receiving which, he returned them a compliment in a Latin Speech, admired for its propriety and ele- gance. He was afterwards admitted to the same degree at Cambridge, when his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, their Chancellor, made a visit to it. A passage in Pliny's Natural History, I. ii. . 74, as published by Father Hardouin at Paris, in his folio edition of 1723, and a remark by the Editor upon it, gave occasion to some observations of Mr* Folkes, which were communicated to the Royal Society, Jan. 22, 1746-7^. The design was, to shew how the text of Pliny had been altered by the Editor from all the former printed editions; and that it was upon mere conjecture, and against the truth of the fact contained in the passage in question : for this alteration implies, that the equi- noctial shadow of the Gnonion being made shorter at Ancona than at Rome, the latitude of Ancona must consequently be made less than that of Rome; whereas it is known to be considtrablv crerter, Ancona standing on tlie Adriatic about two degrees to the North of that capital. Mr. Folkes thevcfore justifies the common reading of this passage ofPlinv, and gives a clear explanation of the sense of it. * His account of both am puhllslicd in the Philosophical Transact Ions, vol.XLIII. \o.477, p. 506. f Ibid. p. 557. i Ibid. vol. XLV. ^o. 482, p. 3f;5, The !;88 LITERARY ANECDOTES. The last Pajier communicated by him to the Royal Society, which was on the 8th of March 1749-50, contains an account of the second shock of an earthquake felt that morning at London, and in the parts adjacent *. Algernon Duke of Somerset, who had been many- Years President of the Society of Antiquaries of London, dying Feb. 9, 1749-50, Mr. Folkes, who was one of the \'ice-presidents, was immediately chosen to succeed his Grace in that post, in which he was continued by the Charter of Incorporation of that Society, Nov. 2, I75I. But he was soon disabled from presiding in person either in that or the Royal Society, being seized, on the 26th of September the same year, with a palsy, which deprived him of the use of his left side, in this unhappy situation, which occasioned him, on the 30th of November 1753, to resign the Presidentship of the lioyal Society (though he continued Presi- dent of the Society of Antiquaries till his death), he languished nearly three years, till a second stroke of his disorder, which attacked his right side, on the 25th of June 1754, put an end to his life, on the 28th of that month, at four in the morning. He was buried, near his father and mother, in the chancel of Hillington church, under a black marblff slab, with no inscription but his name and the date, pursuant to the express direction of his last Will, dated in September 175I, by wdiich (his only son, Martin-j-, having been dead many years)he bequeathed to his v.ife Lucretia ;|: (who had unhappily been for * Philosopliical Transactions, vol. XLVI. No. 497, P- 613. { I(c v.cs ;ulini(tf:il of (M.ire Mall; accompanied his father and nujliier to Kome, where he (lisrovered a most extraoriiiiiary taste for nicdallic knov.lec!p"; and went aftcnvai'ds to finish his sludie. af ;in acafleniy at (i'.ea in J-iOi'uiandy, where lie was tlirovvn from his lior.-e, and killed on ihe spot. + Tills lady appeared, under the name of Mrs. Bradshaw, at osition, He o;ave them also an excellent por- trait of the Lord Chancellor Bacon ; and his large cornelian ring, with the arms of the Society en- graved on it, for the use of his successors in the Presidentship, It has been thought somewhat singular, that this gentleman, who at the time of his death was Presi- Stace, 1741/' who calls her " one of the greatest and most promising genii of her time," says she w;is t.ikan off the stage iiv Air. Fulkes " for her exemphuy and prudent conduct j" and that " it was a rule witli lier, iu her jirofession, to make herself miatresb of her part, and leave the figure and action to Nature."- From the characters in which I find her name, she must ha\ e l)een a handsome woman at least, had a good lit^nire, and probably only second-i-atf theatrical talents. Sylvia, in " The Double Gallant;" Corinna, in |' 11 le Confederacy ;" Arabella Zeal, in " The Fair (Juaker :" Dorinda, in " The Stratagem ;" Arabella, in " The London Cuckolds 3" Angelica, in " The Constant Couple ;" lie. &c. To " The Generous Musband" she spoke an epilogue (about 171*2j in b(jys deaths. * .Married, in May I7i>6, to Richard Betenson, esq. (after- wards Sir Richard). She died June G, 17;"J8, aged 3(5. See her monument, iu Wrolhain churcli;, in Thorpe's " Rcgislrum Rof- fense," p. S'A'^l. t Tliis gentleman, who was a comisellor at law, and agent to the Duke of Monta,'nu; in Laiitasliire, married to his second wift; a daugliter of Sir William Browne, knt. whose estate de- scended to his son. Sir .Martin Browne Folkes, bart. dent 590 LITERARY ANECDOTES. dent of the Society of Antiquaries, should not have left them the smallest token of his regard. Mr. Folkes was a man of great modesty, affability, and integrity ; a friend to merit, and an ornament to Literature. He was one of the zealous patrons of Mr. George Edwards, the celebrated Ornithologist ; whose cha- racter of him is given in another part of this Work *; and among the Literati patronized by Mr. Folkes, was Mr. Norden, tiie celebrated Danish traveller, whose first account to the publick of his Travels was a Letter addressed to the Royal Society, giving a description of the ruins and colossal statues at Thebes in Egypt, with drawings, I742, 4to; after- wards incorporated into his second volume in folio. ! There is a portrait of him, " Martinus Folkes, Arm. Societatis Regiae Socius. J. Richardson plnx, 1718. J. Smith /ec. 1719." Mezzotinto. A second portrait was painted in 1736, by Van- derbank, and the following year scraped in mezzo- tinto by Faber. And a third was painted by Ho- garth in 1741, which is preserved at the Royal Society, and from which Faber also scraped a mezzotinto plate in I742. It is also copied by Cook, in the " Biographical Anecdotes of William Hogarth," 4to, 1810, vol. H. p. 15(?. A fourth was painted by Hudson, from which there is a mezzotinto print by M'Ardell, with the title of " President of the Royal Society." Mr. Dibdin, in the second edition of his " Biblio- mania," has given (in a small, but very neat, wood- cut) a portrait of him, copied from the "Portraits des Hommes Illustres de Denmark, ] 74(3," 7 parts, 4to. James Anthony Dassier struck a medal of him in 1740, and two years after another was struck at Rome; inscribed, "mvrtinvs folkes. Rev. sva SIDERA NORVNT ; a j)yramid with a sphinx, &c Exergue, romae, 1 742, a. l." * See vol. IV. p. 321. MARTIN FOLKES. 5^1 ^Ir. Folkes's Library was large and well-chosen ; and his cabinet enriched with a Collection of English Coins, superior to most, whether public or private ones. The Manuscripts of his composition, which were not a few, and upon points of great curiosity and importance, not having received from him that perfection which he was capable of giving them, were expressly directed by him to be suppressed, an injunction which the publick has great reason to regret. His knowledge was very extensive, his judgment exact and accurate, and the precision of his ideas appeared from the perspicuity and con- ciseness of his expression in his discourses and writings, on abstruse and difficult topics, and espe- cially in his Speeches at the anniversar}'' elections of the Royal Society on the delivery of the prize- medals, in which he always traced out the rise and progress of the several inventions for which they were assigned as a reward. He had turned his thoughts to the study of Antiquity and the Polite Arts with a philosophical spirit, which he had con- tracted by the cultivation of the mathematical sci- ences from his earliest youth. Too many of those, who have engaged in the former branch of Literature have been too little exercised in Logic, and contented themselves with heaping up passages from a multi- tude of authors, without being able to connect them, or to draw the proper conclusions from tiiem. But his greater sagacity, and habit of reasoning, separated or united such j)assages agreeably to their re8|)ective force, laid upon each its just weight, and deduced their true consequences with the utmost exactness. These talents appeared eminently upon the subjects of Coins, Weights and Measures, which bad been extremely perplexed by otlier writers for want of a moderate share of arilhmetick ; in the prosecution of which he })roduced many arguments and proofs, whicli were the results of liis own exjx;- riments and observations on comni<,)n things, not sufficiently attended to, or seen witii less distin- guishing 59t. LITERARY ANECDOTES. guishing and penetrating eyes, by others. INIathe- maticks and Antiquities were by him, as Philosophy was by Socrates, rendered familiar and intelligible to an ordinary understanding. His notions of them were represented in the most obvious lights, and the knowledge of them by that means rendered easy and entertaining. He had a striking resemblance to Peireskius, the ornament of the last age, and parti- cularly in some parts of his character represented by the elegant Writer of that great man's hfe. The generosity of his temper was no less remarkable than the civility and vivacity of his conversation. His love of a studious and contem))Iative life, amidst a circle of friends of the same disposition, disinclined him in a very high degree to the business and hurry of a public one; and his only ambition was to dis- tinguish himself by his zeal and activity for the promotion of sciences and literature. The sale of his Library, in I756, lasted forty- one days; his prints and drawings, eight; mathe- matical instruments, gems, pictures, busts, urns, &c. two ; coins and medals, five. The amount of the sale, consisting of 5 126' articles, was 3090/. ^s. Mr. Folkes had, amongst other curiosities, two editions of Pliny's Natural History, printed at Venice, one by Spire, 1469; which is supposed to liave escaped the observation of F. Harduin * ; and the other by Jenson, 1472. Dr. Askew bought them, the former for eleven guineas, and the latter for seven guineas and a half. On the Doctors de- cease they were again sold : the Edition of I4&.9 (now in the British Museum) for 43/. and the other for 23/. One small Treatise, in MS. by Mr. FolRes, " on the Principles of Persjiective" (comprised in ten pages), was purchased by Mr. Gough, at Mr. Leigh's, Feb. 26, 1782. * See some remarkable particulais of it in '' The Origin of Priming, ' pp.40, 1G3. Dr. MARTIN FOLKES. 593 Dr. Harwood, in the first preface to his "View of the various Editions of Classics," says, that it is agreeable to investigate the history of a scarce book, and the different values it acquires in passmg through different hands. He gives an instance in the first edition of the Greek Psalter, printed in I481, which Stood in a bookseller's catalogue marked at 55. no- body asking for it, the price was reduced, and it was sold for 46". to a gentleman, who afterwards parted with it to the late Dr. Askew for 5 guineas, at whose sale this individual Psalter sold for 16 guineas. To this observation of Dr. Harwood may be added, that Dr. Mead had the following Books, which at his sale were purchased by Dr. Askew, and re-sold on the decease of the latter, at the following prices: " Cicero's Offices," printed by Fust, in 14G5, 13/. 13*. sold again for 30/. Olivet's edition of the Works of Cicero, Paris, 1740, large paper, 14/- 14*. sold again for $6t. 1 5^. " Sallust. \ enet. apud Vind. Spiram,"' 1470, SL ijs. ; sold again for 14/. 3*. 6d. Dr. Mead had also both the Venice editions of " Pliny's Natural History ;" that of 1469 was bought, at 1 1 guineas, for the King of France ; the edition of I472, with fine illuminations, the copy particularly noticed by Maittaire, was sold for 18 guineas, to Mr. Wilcox, a bookseller in the Strand. Mr. ('ranger, in his Biotrraphical History of England, vol. IV. p. 325, observes, from Ames's Typographical Antiquities, that a copy of the " Spaccio della Bestia trionfante," by Giordano Bruno (see Spectator, Xo. 3S!()), was sold in 1711, at the auction of the lil)rary of Charles Bernard, esq. for 28/. afid purchased by ^Walter Clavcl, esq. The same copy successivelv came into the several Col- lections of Mr. Jolm Nickolls, Mr. .lolm Ames, Sic Peter 'I'liompson, and M. C. Tutet, esq. at the sale of \vlios(! Library, in February I7S6', it was bouglit by the: late Sanniel Tysscn, esq. for seven ouineiis. - Another copy of the same Worl;, ivliieh in 1 7 1 > had formed part of the Library of .Mr. I*. LeNeve, was sold at Dr. Mead's sale, 17."4. for four or five cuineas. \'ui.. H. Ou No. \ \U ( 594 ) No. VIII. KEV. MICHAEL LORT, D. D. This excellent Scholar, descended from an an- tient family in Pembrokeshire (from whom, it is believed, he had a claim by descent to a Baronet's title, which he never took up), was the son of Major Lort, of the Welsh Fnsileers, who was killed at the battle of Fontenoy, May 11, 1745; where one of his sons, a lieutenant in the same regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Gen. Huske, their colonel, was dangerously wounded, that regiment having suffered very much. IMichael Lort was admitted of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1743; from whence he removed into the family of Dr. Richard Mead, to whom he was Librarian till his death. He proceeded B.A. IJ^G; was elected fellow of his College, 1 749 ; M. A. 1 7 50 ; Greek Professor 1759, on the resignation of Dr. Francklin; and in 1761 took the degree of B. D, ; and was appointed chaplain to Dr. Terrick, then Bishop of Peterborough. He was elected F. S. A, in 1755 ; and was many years a Vice-president, till he resigned in 1788. He was also many years a Fellow of the lioyal Society. In January 177I, he was collated, by Abp. Corn- wallis, to the rectory of St. Matthew^ Friday-street; which vacated his Professorship; and in August 1779 he was appointed Chaplain to the Archbishop, in the room of Dr. Backliouse, who resigned; and ia the same year, Oct. -27, commenced D. D. In April I780, tlie Archbishop gave- him his Option of a Prebend in St. Paul's, on Dr. Richard Browne's decease, worth 300/. a year ; and he con- tinued at Lambeth till 1783, when, May I9, he married Susannah Norfolk, one of the two daughters of Alderman Norfolk of Cambrida:e. On the death of Dr. Ducarel, in I785, he was appointed, by Archbishop Moore^ Librarian to the Archi- MICHAEL LORT. 595 Archiepiscopal Library of Lambeth. He was also for some years Librarian to the Duke of Devonshire. In April I789 he was presented, by Bishop Por- teus, to the sinecure rectory of Fulham in Middle- sex ; and in the same year was instituted to the rectory of Mile-end near Colchester. The earliest publication by him, that I have seen, is, A Poem, in 1748, in the Academic Congratu- lations on the Peace of Aix la Chapelle *. He published two Sermons : 1 . Before the Uni- v-sity, on the King's Accession, lj6o, Psalm cxxxiii. 1 ; 2. " A Sermon preached in Lambeth Chapel, at the Consecration of the Right Rev. Father in God John HinchclifFe, D. D. Lord Bishop of Peterborough, on Sunday Dec. 17, 1765;" printed at Cambridge, 1770. He also preached, in 177^, a public Sermon for the County Hospital. " A Projecte conteyninge the State, Order, and Manner of Government of the University of Cam- bridge : as now is to be scene in the three and fortieth Yeare of the Raigne of our most gracious and sove- raigne Lady Queen Elizabeth. Camb. I769." 4to, was printed by Mr. Lort, from a MS. on one sheet of vellum, probably presented to Sir Robert Cecil in 1600, when he was made Chancellor, being found among his Papers by Mr. Astle. "A Letter by Mr. I^ort, appeared in the London Advertiser, Sept. 5, I77I, in Defence of the King, against the Scurrility and Indecency which now so openly appear in the Public Paj^ers ;" and in the St. .James's Chronicle, Dec. 9,1777, is an excellent and humorous paper by him, on Parson Home's petition to be pilloried -f-." In 1771 he favoured Mr. Granger with some very useful communications on the subject of his Biogra- phical History^. * Sec it in Nifhols's Collection of Pocnjs, vol. VIII. p. 188. t From the MSS. of the Rev. William Cole of Milton, t " (irani^er's Letters, by Malcolm, 1805, " pp. W2. 195. a a 2 The 596 LITERARY ANECDOTES. The ground-work of the Memoir which I have given of Mr. George North of Codicote *, was fur- nished, in I78G, at my particular request, by Dr. Lort, who was one of Mr. North's executors, and had attended him to his grave. In September 17 84, whilst I was compiling the ''' History of the Parish of Lambeth," Dr. Lort very carefully revised for me the Description of the Riots in 1780, as far as they related to Lambeth Palace -f-. His latest publication was, "A short Commentary on the Lord's Prayer :{:; in which an Attention to the principal Circumstances of our Lord's Temptation is attempted to be shewn, 1790." In the "Archseologia," vol. IV. p. 213 3 10, he communicated, from Mr. Herbert of Cheshunt, a MS. fairly written, as if for press, by the celebrated * See vol. IV. p. 467. -f In the History of Lambeth Parish, ITGC. ;>p. T^f. 1^6. In answer to a Ix^tter which i had sent him with the proof-sheet containing those particulars, he says, " Dv. Lo; t thinks the account of the Disturba7ices at Lambeth should not be printed till it has been seen by the Archbishop, and perhaps also by Mrs. Cornwallis. Indeed he has mentioned the matter to tht^. Archbishop, v,ho desires me to say, that lie expects to have a sight of it. If his Grace shall approve of any account being published, I will then submit to Dr. Ducarel such alterations as I think may be proper." SariUe-ron', Sept.lo, 1784. Some corrections were consequently made, and adopted. I had some time before had an 0])portunity of recovering for him a Book which he had given up as lost ; which he thus acknowie in'iiitc.d lor 'i". Ci:;rlliv,aili', lUii'J ilKi ' jicr.v..! J \(iy 1 rc'ty lVor-ti-;)icc(', }>v ll,U.a\ 598 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Dr. Lort was well known to the Literati of this and other countries, as a man of learning, and a collec- and there is also a letter of Dr. Henry Hammond's to the Printer, dated March 7, lt)57; from which it appears that Dr. Hammond had never seen the MS. before, and that the Author of it was unknown to him ; and that some considerable time passed after Dr. Hammond had given his high commendation of the MS. before it was pubUshed. The Bookseller had desired Dr. Ham- mond to write a Preface to it, which the Doctor thought needless. " In 1660, appeared ' The Gentleman's Calling, printed for T. Garthwaite, to which is prefixed a Letter of Dr. Humphrey Henchman, to the Publisher, dated Oct. 27, 1659.* In which he speaks of the success of the excellent Ti-eatise of ' The Whole Duty of Man;' and, though there is no positive assertion in this I^etter that ' T\\e Gentleman's Calling' was written by the same Author, yet, without some good reason to the contrary, one would be naturally led to conclude, from the whole turn of the Letter, that this was understood to be the case by Dr. Henchman. To this Book there is a long Preface, prefixed by the Author, pro- bably in consequence of the application he found the Publisher had made to Dr. Hammond for one to * The W'^hole Duty of Man." " In 1667 came out ' The Causes of the Decay of Christian Pietij, written by the Author of The If'hole Duty of Man.' " The MS. of this ^^'ork was conveyed to Gaithwaite, the Publisher, by H. E. : who, in a letter prefixed, dated January 1667> says, that, having in his hands a practical Treatise concerning the Causes of the Decay of CItristian Piety, ivritten by the excellent Author of * The Hhole Duty of Man,' he had obtained permission to make it)public; and that it was the Author s kindness he should have the offer of this Tract to make him some amends for his loss in the Late great foe [.Query, who H. E. was ? M. L.] " The Author himself prefixed a Preface, in which he says, that this Treatise had been written some years before. He men- tions the consequences of the Plague and Fire to the City of London, as one who lived on the spot. He quotes the Syriac and Septuagint Versions of the Old Testament; also the original Hebrew. "I^t it be observed that all these three foregoing pieces conclude with prayers and private devotions. The earliest im- pression I have seen of The Ladies Calling' appears to have been printed at Oxford, 1673 ; and tiiis is said to be by the Author of * Tlie Whole Duty of Man,' and 'The Second Impression.' " The Editor of this, who is said to ha\e been Dr. John Fell, then the manager of the Oxford press, has prefixed an address to the Reader, from which it appears that he wag then totally unacquainted with the Author; whose Letter, accompanying the MS. he gives the Header, and makes an apology for delaying to publish the MS. sooner : which was, that he found it needful to transcribe tlie wliole. before it could be safely conmiunicated to the prc'-s. The word safely here has an odd a];poarance j and had not the Editor positively declared that he knew not the. Author, MICHAEL LORT. SfjQ tor of curious and valuable books. He was very generally and deservedly esteemed by an extensive Author, one should have imagined that he was acquainted with the hand-writing, and sus[)ected tliat others also might know it when sent to the press. But in a subsequent jjaragi-ajih this word is explained to mean, gi\ ing the true sense and words of the Author, to whom no recourse could be had for making out pafscges that might puzzle the transciiber ; and hence it is na- tural to conclude, that the Author himself employed no amanu- ensis, and that the Publisher of the former 'J'racts was force 1 to get the IMS. transcribed fair for the press. The Author opens this Treatise with referring to that whicli he had published many years since, to persuade the gentrj' rf this nation to that virtue, which would be both their pleasure and their reward, meaning, no doubt, ' The Gentleman's Calling.' "In 1674 was published * The Government of the Tongue, by the Author of The Whole Duty of Man, at the Theatre in Oxford, 1674. There ib nothmg prefixed to this but the Author's l^reface ; nor to any of the subsequent Tracts, printed also at the Theatre at Oxford. Probably by this time he became known to Dr. Fell. In 1G7.> (for this is the date of the Imprimatur) came out ' The Art of I ontentment, by the Author of The U'hole Duty of Man, at the Theatre in Oxford, 1G77.' This is the date of my edition. *' In 167b 'The Lively Oracles given to us, Sic. by the Author of The lihole Duty of Man, &;c. at the Theatre in Oxford, 1678/ Tiie Author in his Preface refers to the Treatise ' of the Govern' vwnt (f the Tongue, published by me heretofore,' S;c. ; and in the Treatise itself, sect. vii. he mentions his having travelled in Popish coimtries during the late troubles, and purticularly that he had been in France 18 years before, wluu Pope Alexander the Seventh issued a Ihdl to ctnideum the French Trauslatoi- of tlie Iloniim Missal wliieh had been just then published, by directions of .-evei-al of the Bishops. " These arc all the pieces publislied in the name of the Author of The Whole Duty of !\Ian,' though several others were pub- lished un and that she was so pleased with it as to take the pains to trans- cribe it. This MS. appearing after her death, and no author then known, it was natural enough for her Ladyship's zealous friends to give her the reputation of it; and this will account for Dr. Hickcs' assertion f in the Dedication of his Saxon Grammar to her Grandson, Sir John Pakington. Hickes, I believe, was not perfectly knou'n to Lady Pakington. He came to Worcester after her death ; where he probably saw this MS. ; and, knowiiig also her character for learning and piety, it was no o^ei-sl rained compliment paid to her memory, in a Dedication to her Grandson, to say that she deserved to be called, and to be esteemed, the Authoress of ' The Whole Duty of Man.' Yet, if she was, she must have been likewise the Authoress of all the otlier Works published under this name : a claim which the most zealous parti^^an for her being the first has never yet put in for hej-. "Testimonies in favour of Lady Pakington being the Author. " Mr. John Hewyt has given the following accotmt; "Oct. 31, 1698. Mr. Thomas Caulton, vicar of Worksop in Nottinghamshire, in the presence of Mr. William Thornton and his Lady, Madam Frances Heathcote, Mrs. Mary Ash, Mrs. Mary Caulton, and John HevVyt, rector of ILarthiU, declared as follows; Nov. 5, IfJSO, at Shireoak, Madam Ayre of Ram])ton, after diimer, took me up into her chamber, and told me that Di'. Morsey of Bevvly was deail, and liiat in that montii she had bu- I'ied her husbanrl and several relivvions. Then she went into her clo-et, and fetched out a MS. which she said was tlie original of ' TJie Wliole Duty of Man,' tied togetiiei-,, and stitched, in 8vo, like .'-(rnion notes. She untied it, s:iyiug it was Dr. Fell's cur- rectiou.-, and that the Author was the L:idy Fukington, her mother, in whose hand it was written. To j)i-ove this, Mr. (aullon further added, that she said she had shewn it to I)r, Cavel, nra^ter of C'Inist's CHJiege, Caniln'idge , Dr. Stanifijrd, prebciulaiy of York ; and INlr. liank?, tlic n/iiiLbtcn- of the great f " In .^viii vero tufv, illustri siiufi Tlioni.T, noniiiii C"()\enti-y m.i^iii si;;iHi cnitodis filiA, virtutuiu oiiiiiium <.\\va'. in uclioiii' viln'. ( 'hristi;in;e consistuiit splt'ndor ni;ixi\iuis (;rat, emu siiiiiiiii) ii-.ij-cnio ct imrc, .nptt), oriKiti''i;:.i). Chuicl^ Cos LITERARY ANECDOTES. communication of it liberal and unassuming; and, though lie had written bait httle himself, he had Church in Hull. She added withal, that ' The Decay of Chris- tian Piety' was her Mother's also ; but disowned any of the rest to be her Mother's. This is a tnic copy of what 1 wrote from Mr. Caulton's mouth tvvo days before bis decease. Witness my hand, Nov. 15, T79B, John Hewyt." [" I forget whence I copied the above, but how are the parti- culars it contains to be reconciled with what Dr. Fell say.s in the Picface to the Folio Edition ? tiius, ' They were all written by the excellent Author at several times ; and the Author did pub- lish tlicm apart in the same order as they were made.' M. L.] " It may be worth while to transcribe a little more from this Pl-eface : ' The Whole Duty of Man had its first and most correct dition in Life and Practice, and the Tongue was governed, and Contentment gained, before they were described j nor v as there any thing in this whole \'^olume wrote by guess or ad\cntHre, but from long experience, and evidence of fact.* ' To those wJio expect an accoimt of the person and condition of the Author,' he says, * it is an ill-mannered thing to \)vy into what is studiously conceale:!. From tliis concealment all men must see and allow, that neither faction nor interest, nor pride nor covetousness, nor other temporal advantage, was sought for by the time and pains employed in these Discourses. I^t the Reader be wise and humble, temperate and chaste, patient, charitable, and devout, live a whole age of great austerities, and maintain an undistu'bcd serenity in the midst of thorn ; and then ho vii'iU himself become a lively picture of our Author.' " Atterbury, who v\'as well acquainted with the history of the Oxford Press, antl the Works that had issued from it, yet knew not this Author. In his Sermon on 1 Tim. vi. 1, he has this para- graph, speaking of the best Christians being least known, ' And of this there is one, though a very late, yet so remurkable an instance, that, for the honour of our holy failh, I think it may deseme to be particularlv mentioned. The instance I mean of the Authojr of " The Wh;)le Duty of Man," who took not more care to do good to the workl than he did to conceal the doer of it, being contented to apprc. e himself to him, and to him only, who seeth in secret, resolverl that the praise of men, whether in life or after liis death, should be no part of his reward.' *' }n p. 7-i of ' Oldficld's Divine Discourses" it is said, that Mr. FuLMAX, a native of Penslunst in Kent, and amanuensis to Dr. Hammond, was the Author of ' Tiie \^"holt Duty of Man.' '^Answer. Fulman was born in \6'M, as appears from A.'^^'ood, 11. 823. 'The Whole Duty of IMan' was put in Dr. HanuTiond's hands 16.57, and certainly written some years before. " Very {>vobab!y Fulman was employed by Dr. Hammond to transcribe the MS ; so that his and Lady Pukington's titk seem to rest on the -anie foundation. *' In Dr. Pri<',eaux's Life, printed 174S, p. 7, it is said Dr. Prl- deaux ah\a}3 looked o;i Bp. Fell us the Author of the Book - calbd MICHAEL LORT. 6O3 been of groat assistance to some of the most ap^ proved writers of his time^ by his communication, caUed * The Decay of Christian Piety/ which came out in the name of the Author of 'The Whole Duty of Man;' and his reasons for it were, that in the summer 16"7<> he visited Sir Wiulam iNIorrice, at Warrington in Devonshire, who had mar- ried his father's sister, who told him he thought Dr. Fell ivas the Author of that Book 3 for that whilst he attended at Court as Secretary of State, a little after the Restoration, he heard the Bishop preach a Sermon in the King's Chapel, with which he was so much pleased that he desired to lia\ e a copy of it ; which was accordingly given him -, and that some years after, on the publication of the Book called ' The Decay of Christian Piety,** he found the Sermon in the very same words in that Book ; and thence concluded, that the person who preached the one was the Author of the other. " Dr. Prideaux was afterwards confirmed in this opinion ; for, as he attended the Pre^s in the Theatre at Oxford, whilst another of the Books ascribed to the same Author was printing there he often found whole lines, and sometimes two or three together, blotted out, and ititerlineations in their stead, which he knew to be of Bi.shop Fell's hand-writing; and this was a liberty which it vvas) unlikely any but the Author should have taken. So that his opinion on ihe whole was, that the Book called 'The Whole Duiy of jNIan' was written by an Author still unknown ; but that all the other Books assigned to the same Author were written by Bp. Fell and Dr. Allestree; and that, whereas the first of tliem, either by design or mistake of the Bookseller, came foiih under the name of the Author of ' Tlie Whole Duty of Man/ thev suifered all the otheis to come out imdtr the same disguise, the better to conceal what they intenfled should be a secret. And, as to what Jip. Fell says in a Preface to a Folio Edition at Oxford, in wbicli all tliese Books are compriscid togethei', where he mentions the Author as lately dead, it was genei-ally under- stood to be meant of Dr. AUestree, wlio was then lately deceased. ["lliis is indeed a very singular account from Dr. Prideaux by an anonymous Author. In the preface to 'The Decay of Chris- tian Piety' thn Editor H. E. exprcs-ly says, that it was written by the exi client Author of ' Tlie Whole Duty of Man.' And Bp. Fell, in the Preface to the Folio Edition, gives it as a com- plete Edition of all that Writei's Works, and exj)icssly sepa- rates and di-^tinguishes othf rs that wi re not so. Of Dr. Alles- tiee's writing tiicre is a folio volume of Scnnons, which may be compared with these Treatincs. M. L.] " lip CiJAPPEL, of Cork ill lieland. The Author of this most excellent Book ' Tiie Whole Duty of Man' wiis Bp. Ciiappel , who, (iving in 1*^18, at Dtvby, was I)uried at Hilstrop in Not- tinghamshire. Tiic iMS. (if it was tmnsniitteil by Dr. Sterne, afterw;a-cN Arclibi~lir;p of 'tdrk, to I)]-. VvW, I) 'an ol" ( h:isl thurchj to pubh:-h : ulio, having read it bcfurohaud to lii.> pupils. 604 LITERARY ANECDOTES. advice, and his correction. His hospitality to his friends was constant and unostentatious ; and he received them at his house and at his table with that cordiahty which most plainly evinced the pleasure their company afforded him. In conver- sation he was no less desirous of receiving than of giving information. To all that had the happiness of being related to him, he was kind and liberal. The whole tenour of his life was strictly conformable to the precepts of that holy Religion in which he most firmly believed, and as strenuously defended ; and though, in the practice of his own life, his piety was strict and exen)plary, yet he was ever ready to make a proper allowance for the failings of others. He died Nov. 5, IJPO, in Savile-row, in conse- quence of an accident iu the preceding August *. pupils, occasioned several to say, that the said Dr. Sterne was the Author; as others did also, by reason of a copy of Bp, Chappel's MS. being found in the Lady Pakington's closet after her death, that ihe wrote it," [See the Biographia Britannica. M. L.] " Abr\ham Woodhead. Many stick not to say (which is a wonder to me) that he was the Author of ' The Whole Duty of Man,' and of all that go under the name of this Author." Wood's Athena; Oxonienses, vol. II. p. 617- " Francis Peck, in a pamphlet he published, called ' Twenty- nine Letters of R. H. Hammond, 1739,' .says, 'Some thought ''The Whole Duty of Man" had been written by Dr. William Chappel, Bishop of Cork; then by the famous Obadiah Walker. Ikit Dr. Clavering, now Bisliop of Peterborough, assures me thai it was written by one Basket, a clergyman of Somerset- shire. [1 think it probable that the Author of 'The Whole Duty of Man' published nothing with his name to it. M. L.] * In going from Colchester (at which ])lace he was on a visit to Mr. F. Smythies, who married Mrs. lairt's sister), in a one- horse chaise, accompanied by Mr. Smythies, the horse going down the North Hili in that town (which is very steep, and paAcd) slipped down ; ;ind tiip Doctor was thrown cut of the l. and coniinued 15 days. It was r; suir-cd on .May 4 cnsu- iiig, and lasted ten days. By llvi .S.ile Catalogue it appcar.s to have consisted of C6G.3 loU ; a:iu the produce was l'26'jl. His prints sold for 401/. li. 6d. X See some specimens in Dibdlu'j "^^ Biblionjania^ ISil/' {']. 54S S51. \.>, lA ( 606 ) No. IX. KATHANAEL HOOKE. The great abilities of this eminent Historian, and the high rank he jus ly holds in the Republick of Letters, demand a much more particular account of him than 1 am able to supply ; and which I should be glad to see enlarged. The earliest particulars of his life that I have met with are furnished by himself, in a modest, but manly address to the Earl of Oxford, Oct. 17, 1722: " My Lord, The first time I had the honour to wait upon your Lordship since your coming to Lon- don, your Lordship had the goodness to ask me what way of life I was then engaged in ; a certain 7nau- vaise lionte hindered me at that time from giving a direct answer. The truth is, my Lord, I cannot be said at present to be in any form of life, but rather to live extempore. The late epidemical distemper seized me * : I endeavoured to be rich, imagined for a while that I was, and am in some measure happy to find myself at this instant but just worth nothing. If your Lordship, or any of your numerous friends, have need of a servant, with the bare qualifications of being able to read and write, and to be honest, I shall gladly undertake any employments your Lord- ship shall not think me unworthy of. 1 have been taught, my Lord, that neither a man's natural pride, nor his self-love, is an equal judge of what is fit for him ; and I shall endeavour to remember, that it is not the short part we act, but the manner of our performance, which gains or loses us the applause of him who is finally to decide of all human actions. INly Lord, I am just now employed in translating, * The South Sea infatuation. from NATHANAEL HOOKE. 60J from the French, a History of the Life of the late Archbishop of Cambray; and I was thinking to beg the honour of your Lordship's name to protect a work which will have so much need of it. The original is not yet published. Tis written by the Author of the ' Discourse upon Epic Poetry/ in the new edition of Telemaque. As there are some pas- sages in the Book of a particular nature, I dare not sohcit your Lordship to grant me the favour I have mentioned, till you first have perused it. The whole is short, and pretty fairly transcribed. If your Lordship could find a spare hour to look it over, I would wait upon your Lordship with it, as it may possibly be no unpleasing entertainment. I should humbly ask your Lordship's pardon for so long an address in a season of so much business. But when should I be^able to find a time in which your Lord- ship's goodness is not employed? I am, with perfect respect and duty, my I^rd, Your Lordship's most obliged, most faith fid, and most obedient humble servant, Naphanael Hooke." The Translation was afterwards printed, in l2mo, 1 723 ; and from that period till his death Mr. Hooke enjoyed the confidence and patronage of men not less distinguished by virtue than by titles. Ii^ 1739 li^ published a Translation of Ramsay's Travels of Cyrus, in 4to. Dr. King *, ilie cele- * Dr. William King, son of the Rev. Percsrine Kiiiir, wa.s born .'vt Stepney in Middk'sox., in 16S5; and, after a schuol ediica- ti(jn at Salisbvir\', wiis entered of haiiol College, Oxftjid, Jul', y, 1701. Proceeding on the Law line, he took his Doct(jr".s dctrree in 1715 ; was Secretary to the Duke of (hmond imd the Eati of Arran, when Chancellors of the University; and was made priu- cipal of St. Maiy Hali in I7IB. When he was candidate fov the Iniversity, in 172^, he resigned hl.s oifice of Secretary ; hut his other preferment he enjoyed (and it was all he did enjoy) to the lime of his death. Dr. Clarke, who opj)0'ted him, carried his election; and, after this di.-appointmeiit, in the year 17'';, hft went over to Ireland; where he wrote "'I'he Toa'^t," a cekhr;!.';*! political satire, which was jn intcd and given to his fii( n;!s. T!i; first edition of " The Toa.st" was a small pamphlet in Viiv.o, en- larged in 17''^ to a handsome (piarto, wilh ar; cli gant fronti-- picce. It now tells for aa extravagant price; and ha^ bc-n re wiu'eJ. GOS LITERARY ANECDOTES. brated Principal of St. Mary Hall in Oxford, In- formed Dr. Warton, that Hooke's Translation of printed, but without (one of its principal beauties) the notes and observations, in Ahnon's " New Foundling Hospital of Wit." It was re-pubHshed, with the other Works of the Doctor, in 4to, likewise in 1754, with a Latin Address to the Parliaments of France, who were at that time making a vigorous resistance to the encroachments of the Crown. Of this Book, which is very well printed, and adorned with emblematical head and tail- pieces, a small number only was taken ofl', for private distribu- tion, and it is very rarely to be met with. On the dedica- tion of the RadcliiTe Library, 1749, he spoke a Latin Oration in theTheatre, which was received with the highest acclamations, and for which Mr. Warton pajs him an elegant compliment in " The Triumph of Isis." In 1*5.5, when the memorable coldest hap- pened in Oxfordshire, his attachment to the Old Interest drew on him the resentment of the New. He was libelled in newspapers and pamphlets, and charged with the following particulars : viz. That he was an Iiishnian j that he had received subscriptions for books never published to the amount of fifteen hundred pounds, of w hich sum he had defiauded his subsciibers ; that he had offered himself to sale both in England and Ireland, and was not found worth the purchase; that he was the writer of ''The London J^vening Post ;" the author of a book in f)ueen Anne's reign, intituled, "Political Considerations, 1710," in wliicii there was false English; and of a book just then printed, called, "The Dreamer, 1754." At this time he published his " Apology," in (piarto, and very clearly vindicated himself ftoin the several )natters clurged on him, exce})t only the last article, of his l)e;r,g author of " The Dieamer ;" and warmly retaliated on his adversaries. Mr. Cole had often seen him at St. Mary's church, Cambridge, when he used to be on a visit to Mr. Mackenzie, who married Mr. Chambers the town-clerk's daughter. He v\as a tall, lean, well-looking man ; and was the author of, 1. " Miltoni Epis- tola ad Pollionem" (Lord Polwarth) ; '2. " Sermo Pcdestris;" .3."8eauinum,EcIoga;" 4."Templun}Libertatis,inThreeBooks;" o, " Tres OratiunculEB;" C. "Epistola Objurgatoria;" 7- "Auto- nietti Ducis Corscorum Epistola ad Corscos de rege eligendo;" S. " EuiOgium Jacci Ktonen^is;"' 9. " Aviti Epistola ad Perillam, virginem Scotam," &c, 10. " Oratiuneuia habita ia doiiio Con- 'ocationis Oxon. cum Epistola dedicatoria, 1757;" and '' Epi- tapiiium Richardi Nash." He was also the Editor of the five last volumes of Dr. Souths Seruioub. He was known a!ul t'steemcd by the firar men of his time for wit and learning; ami mu.--t be allowed to have been a ])olite sc'holarj an excellent oratcjj', and an elegant and ea'sy writer both in Latin and Englisij. Mr.(.;ole was / infoinicd that he Res buried in Eaiing church, as lord of tiic manor, or lehi-ee of the great tithes. Tiiere is no inoinnnent or :j)itaph i'vr him ; but the Doctor himself, not lori*^ bci^ore hi* dc-lh. NATHANAEL HOOKE. SO^ the " Travels of Cyrus" was made at Dr. Cheyne's house at Bath, and that he himself had often been death, which happened Dec. 30, 1763, drew up the following .very ciurious one, in order to be engraved on a silver case, iu which he directed his heart should be preserved, in some convey aient pait of St. Mary hall : Epitaphium Gulielmi King, a seipso scriptum pridie nonas Junii, die natali Georgiilll. MDCCLXU. " Fui GuiLiELMUS King, LL. D. ab anno mdccxix. ad annum mdcc hujus Aulae Praefectiis. ^ LitelHs humanioribus "k puero deditus, eas usque ad supremum vitge diem colui, Neque vitiis carui, neque virtutibus 5 imprudens et impi'ovidus, coniis et benevolus j saepfe aequo iracundior, haud un(iuam ut essem implacabilis. A luxuriS. par iter ac avariti^ , (quam non tarn vitium quam mentis insanitatem esse duxi) proi"siis abhorrens. Cives, hospites, peregrinos omninb libcralitcr accepi, ipse et cibi parens, et vini parcissimus. Cum magnis vixi, cum plebeiis, cum omnibus, Ut homines noscerem, ut meipsum imprimis : neque, eheu, novi ! Permultos habui amicos, at veros, stabiles, gratos, (quae fortasse est gentis culpa) perpaucissimos. Plures habui inimicos j sed invidos, sed improbos, sed inhumanos j quorum nullis tamen injuiiis perinde commotus fui qukm dehquiis meis. Summam, quam adeptus sum, senectutem, neque optavi, neque accusavi ; vitae incommoda neque immoderate ferens, neque coinmodis nimium contentus. Mortem neque (()ntem)toi neqvie metui. Dcus optime, qui hunc orbem et humanas res curas, miserere aninnc nostr;e !" There is a striking likeness of Dr. Kiui^, in the Oratoj's Ra-t- truiA, in Worlidge's View of the lnstallalim of Lord Westmore- land as Chancellor of Oxford, in 17(>1 ; li'^ ^ise two jjortraits of him, in mezzotinto, by Faber and M'AnleU, Vol. II. Ur Ilooke';? ^10 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Hooke's amanuensis on the occasion, who dictated his Translation to him with uncommon facility and rapidity. In 1733 he revised a Translation of "The Histoiy of the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards, by Thomas Townshend, Esq." printed in 2 volumes, 8vo*; and in the same year he published, in 4to, the first volume ^ of " The Roman History, from the Building of Rome to the Ruin of the Common- wealth ; illustrated with Maps and other Plates." This volume is dedicated to Mr. Pope :{:, and intro- duced by " Remarks on the History of the Seven Roman Kings, occasioned by Sir Isaac Nfewton's * First printed in 1724, folio, t A third edition of this volume was printed in 1757- + "Sir, The displaying your name at the head of these- sheets is, 1 confess, like hanging out a splendid sign to catch the Traveller's eye, and entice him to make trial of tlie enter- tainment the place affords. But, when I can write under my sign, that Mr. Pope has been here, and was content, who w ill question the goodness of the house ? You see Sir, and I had no desire to hide it, my interested view in this Epistle. Perhaps I should find it difficult, on such an occasion as the present, to addres* you in any terms which might not be construed into self-love, more or less refined. Will not this be the case, if I say, a'; with truth I can, that I was glad to seize the only 0})portunity I may ever have of so publicly testifying my just esteem for a worthy Friend, to whom I have been long and much obliged? Yet allow me to add, that I imagine I do give a proof of that esteem, when I inscribe to you this attempt towards a History of Rowan Virtue and Patriotism. No consideration, I hope, could engage me to it, if I were not jiersuaded that you really are^ what your writings declare you to be, a Friend to Virtue, to your Country, and to the Liberties of Mankind. I am, with sincerity and af- fection. Sir, your most faithfid humble servant, N. Hookr." The friendship between these eminent men extended io the close of our English Homer's life. " Pope," says Dr. Johnson, " expressed undoubting confidence of a future state. Being asked by his friend Mr. Hooke, a Papist, whether he would not die like his father and mother, and whether a IViest should not be called ; he answered, / do not tlnnk it essential, but it will he very right ; and I thank yuu for putting- me in mind of it." Mr. Hooke, on this occasion, told Dr. Warburton, " that the priest, whom he had provided to do the last office to the dying man, came out from him, penetrated to the last degree with the state of mind in which lie found his penitent ; resigned and rapt up in the love of God and man." Objer;* NATHANAEL HOOKE. ^1 1 Objections to the supposed 244 Years Duration* of the Royal State of Rome." Mr. Hooke's nervous pen was next employed in. digesting " An Account of the Conduct of the Dowager Duchess of Marlborough, from her first coming to Court to the Year 17 10. In a Letter from herself 10 Lord , 1/43," 8vo. His re- ward, on this occasion, was considerable 'J', and the reputation he .acquired by the performance much greater. The circumstances of the trans- action are thus related by Dr. Maty:};: " The Relict of the great Duke of Marlborough being desirous of submitting to posterity her political conduct, as well as her Lord's, applied to the Earl of Chester- field for a proper person to receive her information, and put the memoirs of her life into a proper dress. Mr. Hooke was recommended by him for that pur- pose. He accordingly waited upon the Duchess, while she was still in bed, oppressed by the infir- mities of age. But, knowing who he was, she immediately got herself lifted up, and continued speaking during six hours. She delivered to him, without any notes, her account in the most lively as well as the most connected manner. As she was not tired herself, she would have continued longer the business of this first sitting, had she not per- ceived that Mr. Hooke was quite exhausted, and wanted refreshment as well as rest. So eager was * *' Though Sir Isaac objected to the Seven Kings of Rome lasting 244 yeai"s, yet the reigns of the Seven last Kings of Spain, from 1516 to 175S, lasted nearly as long: (viz. Charles I. 39; Philip II. 4.3; Philip III. 23; Philip IV. 44 j Charles II. 3,5; Phihp V. 4.'> ; Ferdinand VI. 13; 242 years." T.F. " The Duchess of Marlborough rewarded Hooke with 5000/. for his trouble in writing her "Account;" but quan-eled with him afterwards, because, as she affirmed, he attenijited to con- vert iier to P()])ery. Hooke was a Mystic, and a ^uietist, and a warui dih(ij)le of Fenelon. If was he who brought a Catholic Pincnt to take Pope's confession on his death-bed. The Priest had scaiccly departcfl, when Holingbroke, coming o\er from IJatteisea, Hew into a great lit of passion and indignation oa the occasion." Es.say on Poi)e, vol. II. p. 201, 202. X See hi.s " Memoirs of Lord Chesterfuld," Uo, vol. I. p. 1 Uj u u 2 she 6l2 LITERARY ANECDOTES. she for the completion of the work, that she insisted upon Mr. Hooke's not leaving lier house till he had finished it. This was done in a short time; and her Grace was so well pleased with the performance, that she complimented the Author with a present of five thousand pounds^ a sum which far exceeded his expectations. A& soon as he was free, and permitted to quit the liouse of his benefactress, he hastened to the Earl, to thank him for liis favour, and commu- nicated to him his good fortune. The perturbation of mintl he was under, occasioned by the strong sense of his obligation, plainly appeared in his stam- mering out his acknowledgements ; and he, who had succeeded so well as the interpreter of lier Grace*s sentiments, could scarcely utter his own* * As RufFliead's aceoijint of this transaction is sojHexvhst dif- ferent, it may be pleasant to compare it with Dr. Maty'sr "Thii?- gentleman [Plooke] seems to kave possessed no small sliare of Mr. Pope's esteem and friendship. His solicitude to do hia service is strongly exemplified in the f()llt)wing- anecdote : The- first Duchess of :\lariborough was desirous of having- an account of her public conduct given to the world. Mv. Hnoke, a Romart Cathclic in the iMystic way, and compiler of the Roman History^ was, by Mr. Poj^e and others, recommended to her (jrace^ as a. proj)er person to draw up this account, under her inspection ; and, by the assistance of the papers she ccjnmiunicated to him, he performed this Work so much tt) her Grace's satisfaction, that she talked of rewarding him largelv, but would do nothing till Mr. Pope came to her, whose company she then sought ali opporttuiitics to jaocure, and was uneasy to be without it. He was at that tuue with some friends, whom he was unwillhig to part witli, a hund}ed miles distant. But, at Mr. llcHjke"s earnest solicitation, when Mr. Vope found his presence so. es--ontiall concerned in his Friend's interest and future sxipport, he broke- through all his engagements, and, in the de])th of winter, and ill wa}s, Hew to lus assistance. On his coming, the l^uehes* secured to Mr. Hooke live thousand pounds ; and by that mean* attached him to her .^er\ice. J3ut soon after she took occasioa* as was usual with her, to quarrel with him. He)' every turn by violence pursued, \()r more a storm her hate, than gratittide. Thus Mr. Hooke represented the matter. The reason she gave of her sudden dishk(! of him, was his attempt to pervert her to- Popery. This is nu distinguish by particvdar marks of your good opinion vou give rejHitation; and { have happily experi- enced, tliat reputation so derived is not mine air and fruitless. Tluougli that warmth and good-will whieii your ].,ord^hip, on all (Kca-.i()!i^, expri-^ses for me, 1 have j)roiile(l, gri'utly pi'olited, by ijonr ghry. You, my Lord, can l)e no straiii;'er to this truth; yet, I trust, vou will f irgive iiic if, to di-aw still more advantage tiDm your fame, I here lake the liberty to tell y(iur LoriKhip, i.>i print, for the intVwmation of othei's, what you knew before: a^ a Player, wIkmi alone on the Staire, speaks aloud to himself, that lie inav be heard bv those who iill the 'rheatt<\ I would, bv this Dedication of uiv Book to your Lorii^Mij), publiih, as far as bv sucii mean-> I can, that you, my Lord, are luy Patron and uiy Friend; and that I am, with the greatest respect, esteem, ami j^raiitude, my I^ord, Yotn* Lor(l->liip'^ .VJo-l faithful, uihI mo-t huiuldc -ervant, X, IIoom.." 614 LITERARY ANECDOTES. To the second volume Mr. Hooke added " The CapitoUne Marbles*, or Consular Calendars, an an- The Editor of these " Literary Anecdotes" confesses, that he has a view to himself in transcribing the preceding Dedication. He wishes, at the distance of nearly seventy years, to add his feeble testinwny to the "fair fan^" of the Earl of Marchmont ; whose " patiwnage and friendship" he is proud to have experienced. This worthy Peer died, at Hemel Hem})stead, Jan. 10, 1794, in his 87th year^ when the title becanie extinct. He was the last of those who distinguished themselves in the House of Commons during the administiation of Sir Robert Walpole. He was chosen a member of that House in the same year with the late Lord Chatham and the first Loixi Lytteiton, and soon became a conspicuous speaker. VVlien Mr. Pulteney seceded, on tlie oc- casion of the Convention, in 1739, the Eail of Marchmont,. then Loi'd Pohvarth, led tlie Opposition ; but, veiy soon after that, his succession to the Scottish earldom put an end, tor a time, to his Parliamentary career. How formidable an opponent Sir Robert Walpole thought him, may be judged of by his say- ing, " There were few things he more ardently wished, than to see that young man at the head of his femily." He lived long in habits of the strictest intimacy and friendship with Lord Cob- ham, Sir William Wyndham, Lord Bolingbroke, the Duchess of Maiiborough, Mr. Pope, and other eminent persons of that time. The first placed his bust in the Temple of Worthies at Stowe, and to the two last he was executor. For his trouble, the Poet left him a large-paper edition of Thuanus, and a por- trait of Ix)rd Bolingbroke, painted by Richardson. He was made First Lord of Police in Mr. Pelham's administiation ; and promoted to be Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland in 1764 ; which he held till his death. He was chosen one of the Sixteen Peers in the year 1750, and from that time till 17 84, when he ceased to be one of the nuniber, was a constant attendant on the House, taking an active part in all business of importance. In learning of all sorts, and extensive reading, he was exceeded by few, in pailiamentarj- information perhaps by none; his only boast hmvever was, " that he never gave a vote, or spoke from an interested motive, during all the years he sat in the two Houses." His library, containing one of the most valuable pri- vate collections of books, manuscripts, prints, and geograjihy, in thi;5 country, is now in the possession of the Right Honourable George Rose, his executor ; and amongst the MSS are those which had been beiqueathed to Lord Marchmont by Mr. Pope, many of whicli are very cuiious and highly interesting. The Countess of Majchnjont died in 1794 (see Gent. Mag. volLXlV, p. 444). * Since i ery beautifully engraved by Piranesi, in his " Lapides Capitfiiini, sive Fasti Consulares Triiiniphalcscj^ue Romanoium ab urbe comlitii usi^uc ad Tiber jum Ca^saieiu." tient NATHANAEL HOOKE. 6lS tient Monument accidentally discovered at Rome in the Year 1545, during the Pontificate of Paul HI.'* In 1758, Mr. Hooke pubHshed "Observations on, I. The Answer of M. I'Abbe de Vertot to the late Earl Stanhope's Enquiry, concerning the Se- nate of Antient Rome*; dated December IJig. II. A Dissertation upon the Constitution of the Roman Senate, by a Gentleman ; published in 1743. III. A Treatise on the Roman Senate, by Dr. Conyers Middleton ; published in 1 747. IV. An Essay on the Roman Senate, by Dr. Thomas Chap- man ; published in 175O;" which he with great propriety inscribed to Mr. Speaker Onslow -{% * Soon after the appearance of the former edition of these ''Anecdotes" I published, "An Apology for some of Mr. Hooke's Obsen'ations concerning the Roman Senate ; with an [excellent] index to the Observations, by Mr. Bowyer, 1782," 4to. f Mr. Hooke requests the Reader, "That he will not, from the seemingly quarrelsome humour of the Observator, conclude him insensible to the superior abilities of those learned men, whose works he cnticises ; or so wrong-headed, as to think that a writer's happening sometimes to reason weakly and inconclu- sively, is any proof of his not being an able reasoner, or a person of true and extensive learning." The Observation,, he adds, he wishes not to be considered as " a critique or censure on those pieces wlach he mentioned in the title-page, but on all the Accounts -of the Regal State of Rome, and the first Settlement of the Reman Commonwealth, which has been given by other modern v.riters, who have taken Dionysius of Halicarnassns for their chief and most trusty guide." He concludes the Preface Avith the following anecdote: " A very great man (in all senses) *aid to the Auth], and tiie trouble you have been at in transcribing it. How Bowyer got it out of the Earl's hands, I cannot conceive; nor how he could think himself at liberlv to print it +. What i learn from it is, that Mr. Hooke, wlien a young man, had some considerable Josses in the South-Sea; and would have been glad of an eniploviuent under the Eail of ()\l"())il, or some of the EaiTs fiiend^ in the Ministry. Maty'.s story of the Dueliess of Marlborough is pleasant, and 1 beiieve it to be true; but as for VVarburUin's idle tale or" Mr. Hooke's cndeavounng to pervert her (irace to Poperv, it is to(j alisurd to l)e believed by iiny bodv, or thai that was the cause of her fiuarrelling with liiui. i have bren told, that she wanted him to set about an- other work foi- her. from which lie excused hims(.'if u|)on account of his Roman Hi.stoiv. I am, ive. '1'. HooKf.." f See -1 verv i'>lu;ing and satisfac(oi*y Leltcr fiom this gen- tk-inan in vol V ;>. .if).'). J It \\:\^ j/ij!,i/,torv of Leicestershire, vol. IV. p 950. Dr. Farmer gives arms on his seal. Argent, a chexron Sable, between three Roman lamps, burning proper. Motto, Non txtin- <:uentnT. Dr. l';umer shewed Mr. Cole his arms and pedigree in (iuilliui." MS. (. ole, LIV. pp. 3'2, 33. Uichard, DR. RICHARD FARMER. ClJ) Richard, the second son, was born, Aug. 2S, l/,*^;";, in the antient* Borough of Leicester; and received the early part of his education, under the Rev. Gen*ard Andrewes-i- (father of the present truly respectable Dean of Canterbury,) in the Free Gram- mar-school of his native Town; a seminary in which many eminent persons were his contemporaries. About the year 1753, he left the school, with the character of being estimable for temper and talents ; and was entered a pensioner at Emanuel College, Cambridge, when Dr. Richardson :|: was master, and ]l^Ir. Bickham and Mr. Hubbard |j tutors. * In Domesday this antient Borough is styled Civitas Leicestria. f See a Pedigree of the Family of Andrewes in the History of Leicestershire, vol. III. p. 456. X " Dr. Richardson was -a good-humoured man, wannly at- tached to Tory piiwciples, and no less strict in the minutiae of College discipline. It was matter of trivmiph in him to have been present, when a boy, at the trial of Sachev erell ; and so rigid a disciplinaiian was he, as to punish the wearing of a neckcloth (which at that time was deemed unacademical) instead of a stock, with the same strictness as a deviation from moral i-ecti- tude." Dr. Richardson, at the time when the question proposed by Dr. Jebb (see p. 6"30; was in agitation, was old and feeble ; but he chose to be cairied to the Senate-house; and when his shrill voice, on giving his vote, could scarcely be heard, he cried out to one oi the Mastei-s, enquiring whose voice it was, ' It was I, Master it was I ; I came to save the University.' " /Innual Necrology. " Dr. Farmer's classical tutor was no ways distinguislied for ability. He, however, had the interest of the upj)cr part of the Society ; and obtained the tutoiship in preference to a man of respectable talents the late Bishop Hurd, author of a politi- cal work of considerable merit, [' Dialogues on the English Con- stitution'], which proves him at the earlier pai-t of life to have been a Whig, and apparently one zealous and well-informed. It may therefore be inferred that Bickham was a Tory." Ibid. II " The mathematical tutor was Mr. Hubbard, a Tory also in principle ; yet, in a course of years, his mind a.ssumed a more liberal cast. He was allowetl to be a judicious tutor; though, in matters of discipline and (economy, regular to a degree of su- perstition ; he was also (hia voice and apix'arance being favour- able to tliat chanicter) a popular' preacher. i he government of Emanuel College had thus passed into the hands of persons \ cry ditlerent in {K>litical principles from those wiio formerly ])ie.Ti(lcd in it : for Emanuel College had once been (^o fluctuatin"- arc human institution."-) a kind of nur&ej-y for Piuitans." Ibid. Mr. 620 LITERARY ANECDOTES, Mr. Farmer, when an under-graduate, applied him- self chiefly to classical learning and the belles lettres; was known to be a man of reading, distinguished rather for sprightly parts than profound speculations ; and much esteemed in the circle of his friends. He took his degree of B.A. in 1757 ; ranked as a Senior Optime ; and was of the same year with Dr. "Waring and Dr. Jebb. The degree, though not of the first class, procured him notice in College; and he successfully contested the silver cup given at Emanuel to the best graduate of that year with Mr. VVanley SavvbridL;,e, brother to the Alderman. This cup is preserved with great care in Dr. Farmers family. His Cambridge Verses were, a Poem on laying the first Stone of the Public Library, 1/55 ; ai^d a Sonnet on the late King's death, X 76*0. In 1760 he proceeded M. A, ; and succeeded as classical tutor* to Mr. Bickham, who went off to the valuable rectory of Loughborough in Leicestershire, in the gift of Emanuel College. In discharge of the part of his office more immediately classical, Mr. Farmer was entitled to considerable respect. He was a good scholar: but Theology and Mathe- matics were not his favourite studies. He did not give lectures in Euclid many years ; but in Grotius and the Greek Testament he continued to lecture till he resigned the tuition. By his pupils, as formerly by his fellow students, he was generally esteemed ; though an occasional want of punctuality sometimes exposed him to censure from their parents. For many years, while tutor, he served the curacy of Swavesey, a village about eight miles from Cam- britlge, not far from the road to Huntingdon, which had been formerly served by tlie celebrated Dr. Jor- tin. In this situation he gained the respect of his * " The first boolvs th;'.t ho h-rbircd in were, Euclid's VAi'- nirnti, Avisioplianp-, Tully's Otlice-5, the Ap.iphitiyon oi" Plau- tiis, and Ihnd^ Hor.uc. In htt(M' pei-iorls, he lectured in Ouin- tilian, Grftius do. \\r\x::\e J{cIia;ionis Christiana", and the Greek con- DR. ilCHARD f ARMER. 621 congregation, rather by his affability and social man- ners, than by the solemnity of his carriage, or the- rigour of his doctrines*. At this time also he formed an intimacy with Sir Thomas Hatton, bart. a good-humoured country gentleman of Long- Stanton in Cambridgeshire. . He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Anti- quaries, May 19, lj6S' In 1765 he was junior proctor of the University of Cam bridge. ,Onthe lf)th of May 176^, he published, from the University press " Proposalsfor printing, by Subscrip- tion, The History and Antiquities of the Town of Lei- cester; originally collected by fJ^illiam'f Staveley, Ksq. Barrister at Law, and formerly of Peter-house in that University. Now first offered to the Publick from the Authors Manuscript; with very large Ad- ditions and Improvements ; and an Appendix of Papers relative to the Subject. By Richard Farmer, M. A. I'Vllow of Emanuel College in Cambridge, and of the Society of Antiquaries, London :|:." * " Swavesoy was at that time frequented by Methodists 5 oc- casioned by the Rev. Mr. Venn, then rector of Yelling in Hun- tinirdonshirCj formerly fellow of .Icsus College, and by llie Rev. Mr. Bcrridge, then vicar of Everton, ikilfordshire, formerly fel- low of Clare Hall. B<;tvvecn these gentlemen and Farmer there existed no great cordiality ; for Farnu r was no frieiul to their doctrines, which appearc d to hini in~itional and gloomy. He classed thein with Presbyterians ; and botl> Presltylcrians and Methodists he considered as Puritans and Roundheads. I'aimer was a greater adept in cracking a joke, than in unhinging a Calvinict's crt-ed, or in quieting a gloomy conscience, liv, how- ever, pfi-ses-ed a spirit of benevoi'iicc } and knew how to perforni a generous aciion to a distrc^sf-d family. I'liere arc men who can re^id over a ^l.^on's grave " l!e was a kind man," wiih greater batisfaction thrui " He wa^ a grc.it Preacher." Aiinu'il Necrology. t A mi,-tak< foi' Thomits Staxcley wlio is calliu liUiumi in the Jiii/jrunalur wliich Mr. Favujer ol)taiued for it iu 17>''7. I " ( (uiditions : I. llic Ivhtoi' pi'o;Hi-,(s, Th:it the Work be elegjuitly |>rint('d in Qnarto at the Cambridge Ptess; Mid illus- trated \\iil Coppii--pl;its, of the antiei't and i'rc^>f nt roun, Ro- man PaveiiKMits, Coins, Seals, &c. 2. TiuU llie Cipy be s<'nt to the I'ress ;is soon as the \umber of the Jmprcssion may be Itiicra- blv ascertained; and that each Sub.-.rlber pay .")-. ^vUcn he give-i hi^i Name, and ^. G(^ ou the Deli\ f '] !v'.k .;;. A few 62f tlTERAR^ ANtCI50Ta* That he set about this Work with the full ihtei>- tion of pursuing it with dihgence, is evident from the tenor of many of the Letters which he addressed at that period to his Antiquarian Friends *. But, in Copies will be printed on large Paper, at 15s. each. Subscrip-^ tions will be received by the Editor} and Messre. Thurlbourn and Woodyer, Cambridge; Mr.Dodsley, Pall Mall; Mr Millar, in the Strand; Mr. Beecroft, in Paternoster-row, London ; Mr. Fletcher and Mr, Piince, in Oxford > and by Mr. Gregory, and Mr. Farmer, in Leicester," * Several of these may be seen in an Advertisement prefixed to the Third Volume of the History of Leicestershire, p. vi viii. In answer to one of them. Sir Thomas Cave says, " I am glad 80 much giist comes to your mill, where, I am confident, it will be made to produce the finest flour," In a Letter to Mr. Thomas W'arton, Dec. 29, 1766, he says, " I am very glad that Joshua [Barnes] is safe arrived at Oxford, His notes, I suspect, will not figure greatly ; but you will smile at hi& identification of Hom&r and Solomon. Pope (if I remember right) has a hint at this cu- rious performance, though others have doubted its existence,'* And, after some useful hints on Theocritus, he adds, " Professor Taylor's Lectures on Theocritus are in the bands of a Rev. Mr. Driffield, of Chelsworth, near Hadleigh, Suffolk. Some years ago he talked of printing them; but tliat seems to be blown over. I cannot find any body at present that has any acquaintance with him. Suppose you throw away a letter at him yourself. Don't imagine that I shall be impertinent enough to say any thing more about Editors and Conmientators, which you are cer- tainly sufficiently acquainted with. Pray remember to translate 'EXi^, in the first Idyllium, by a less ambiguous word than Capre- olus, by which unfortunate one Master Creech is detected of trans- lating from the Latin. With respect to the History of English Poetry, 1 flatter myself 1 can be of much more service : let me know your plan, &c. and command me as you please. When ! have a little more time to spare, I will make you out a pretty large Spenserian packet. You talk of being idle in the summer I wish 1 had been so too- my business has been solely swearing^ at Engravers. Poor Shaksjjeare lies upon the table. (Raptim.) Yours mo.st aflectionately, R. Farmer. '' P. S. niis.sci"awl has lain by the.se two days, to wait for a note to Mr. Huddesford ; but i am now determined, with Mas- ter Dogbciry, ' if I \\as as tedious as a King, to bestow it all on your W Or.shij).' You may i-euiember thai we talked of a tiari- S Com- 625 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Communications he has been favoured with, which greatly enlarge his Book, must necessarily defer its Publication somewhat longer than he expected: Subscriptions will be received till Lady-day next, at Half a Guinea the small, and 15^. the large Paper." And in a letter to a venerable Antiquary, on the 16th of April following, he says, " I am much obliged by your attention to my attempt on Antiquities ; which is a sacrifice of time to my na- tive Town, with little or no view to profit or repu- tation." Certainly not to profit ; for the price of the quarto volume was to have been only half a guinea ! In 1767, he took the degree of B. D. ; and in IjGg, July 8, was appointed by Dr. Terrick, then Bishop of London, one of the Preachers at the Chapel Royal at Whitehall ; an engagement that required him to be in London a certain number of months in the year, a situation favourable to one now becoming a collector of books. His place of residence was usu- ally the house of Dr. Anthony Askew *, the very emi- nent physician, in Queen-square, Bloomsbury ; who died in 17 74. Feb. 13, 1770, Mr, Farmer appears the profound Antiquary, in thus addressing Mr. Thomas Warton ; " Dear Sir, I should have been particularly happy to have seen you at Askew's, as perhaps he has more matters worth your notice, than he himself in the multitude of his business might have time to exhibit ; but I am sure he would at least be will- ing, for I know not a more communicative man in the world, I wish I could give you a satisfactory account of Leland. They have no registers of ad- missions or degrees at Christ's before the last cen- tury ; nor are there any matriculations remaining of Leland's time. All I find is, from an old Proctor's book, that D^ Leland paid for the degree of B. A. in 1522. So far I could have written some time ago; but I waited from day to day for the Antiquary of the College (one Mr. Wall), who is just now ar- rived at Cambridge, I hoped he might have in- * Of wliom see vol. III. p. 494, _ formed pR. RICHARD FARMER. 6^7 formed me somewhat about the fellowship. Fuller, I think, is the first who calls Ynxn fellow ; but here again 1 was disappointed; his list of follows begins only in the 22d of Henry VII 1. la truth, I tind no reason to believe he v/as so. When he speaks of himself and the College, he would scarcely have omitted it : however, if any thing worth notice should occur, you shall certainly have it. You can- not oblige me more than by giving me an opportu- nity of hoping at least to answer your questions. Have you no job in the Histori/ of Poetry for your very obHged and affectionate servant, H. Farmer } P. S. Fuller calls Leiand fellow of Christ's (as he pretends) on his own authority (Hist, of Camb. p. 9 i), and quotes his Ufa Seheril (Sigeberti) ; but, if you turn to it in ' Leiand de Scriptoribus,' or in Tanner, you will see he only says he had been a member of the college. Bale makes a distinct life of Sigebert; but Wall is certainly right, where he tells us there is no otlier than this. (Calanio rapi- diss y On the subject of the '' History of Leicester," he thus addressed Mr. H. Baldwin, Nov. 12, 1/7^' " Sir; A Correspondent of yours, in the Chronicle of Saturday, informs you that he is a Subscriber to some Book, which he has long w ished to receive ; and complains, with seeming justice, of the delay of publication. He must, however, be candid enough to own, that there may be causes which do not ori- ginate in the Author, and those unforese^en ones ; such, at least, he will soon find, in the Preface to the H'uitorif of Leicester, has been the case with that M'^ork. I'iie matter is too long for a Ne\vspaj)er disquisition ; but it will appear, that Mr. Farmer has heen the person most deceived in his reasonable expectations; and that not his Time only, but his Money, lias been sacrificed to tiie Honour of his Town, and the interest of his Subscribers. When t\\<: delay jjroved inevitubk,', it was repeatedly adver- tized in the Country Journals, that the Siib>;crip-. s s ;n, I am ready to give the best proof of it, by repeating tije sanie oSf-X in the Doc'or'-s name. You njay, therefon', Sir, iissure your Ri::jdem, tiiat, if by chj^ur;ce there should be i.\i\\ any one or more fiubscripfionii out>Jiandiiig, tlie money ivill, on demAud, be re- turned by J.'Nichols. Ju/f/ 3, 1797/' i d\A iiot cxjftx-r that many TvouJd apply for tlie return of snch inmil .^iims n^^/ireshiUin^jrn and ^ecfyi t-nllihi'ys mid sit pence. I p;i;d, bov.cver, fbf>.arl, his pupil, in Eniarmel and Tory princijjles : the mention, therefore, of this Earl to i)r. l''armer v^as ;-op().s. The O'leen, who came to liini, in her l)n)ken Engli:^h, accosted him thus ' Doctour! in what part of the * Cole, ?.1SS. vol. LIX. p)>. 57, 5S. f Enc3'(lo));c(li;iBnt:innica. I ' Feb. 1~, \7^'2, he r.'iinc to Iv);k1.)m, to ki.ss hand^ for the prrhoiid of C'lmtLibuiy, vaciiut bv tlie death of J)r. 'I'at- ton." ir. Cole, Ji^v. Kini: 634 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Kinfi'dom do you reside?' ' Always at Cambridge, Wadam.' r' Oh, College? replied her Majesty, and gave hiin joy of his preferment *. "After enjoying his Prebend for several years, he resigned it on being preferred by the late Mr. Pitt, then IVemier, to a Residentiaryship of St. I'aul's -j- ; and we have reason to believe that he de- clined a Bishoprick |', which was oliered to him as a reward for the constitutional principles which he was * Cole's MSS. f In an hour or two after he had received the officii informa- tion of this appointment, I met Ixim near Amen Corner j and he pleasantly observed to me, " I could now, if I thought proper, cheat the Minister ; for I have in my pocket an appointment to the Residentiaryship of St. Paul's, without having resigned the Prebend of Canterbury." J. N. + " Dr. Farmer had not 3 ct arrived at the zenith of his pros- ]>evity 5 and, indeed, declined being raised to that dignity, to which the Minister was inclined to advance him. The offer of a Bisho])nck was twice made him by Mr. Pitt. The promise, at least inriuencc, made personally, as well as by letter, may be, as it always is, considered as the sure forerunner of advancement. But the truth is, the solemnity and formality of the Episcopal character v\ ould have sat but awkwardly on Farmer. He chose to move without restraint 3 find to enjoy liimself without responsi- bility. To use his own language to a friend, ' One that enjoyed the Theatre, and the jQueen's Head in the evening, would have Blade but an indifferent Bishop.' A piece of pi'eferment, how- e^er, was soon conferred on him by Mi'. Pitt, no less agreeable to his taste, in point of situation, than valuable in point of in- come, a Residentiaryship of St. Paul's. This was given him in exchange for the Prebend of Canterb-ary. It was agreeable to his taste, as requiring three months residence in the capital, and only three, in the year ; enabling him to enjoy in succession his literary cuib> in London, and his literary letreat at Cambiidge. It was valuable, for its clear income is twelve or fourteen hun- dred a year, besides perquisites, which, though not easily ascer- tained, are coiisiderable. The ingenious, good-himioured Doc- tor now expressed himself in terms of pei'fect satisfaction. He looked for nothing higher. Ke enjoyed a plentiful income hixn- self, and, jjossessing with it a considerable share of patronage, hat! the means (an important consideration to a kind-hearted man) cf rendering es-ential services to his friends. Indej)en- dently, therefoi-e, of the political principles originally imbibed by Dr. Faruicr, it was natural enough for him to express, and, in his conduct through life, to exhibit, a warm attachment to Mr. Piit, and to s\ipport with great cordiality the measures of hi.s adUiinisUatiojj." Annual Nccrol-o^y. at DR. RICHARD FARMER. ' 635 at pains to propagate, not only in his college, but, as far as his influence went, through the whole University *. On the vacancy of the small vicarage of St. Ni- cholas at Leicester, then worth only 4jl. a year, the Rev. William Bickerstafie, an old schoolfellow with Dr. Farmer, applied for it by petition to Lord Chancellor l'hurlow-~i~; and, at the same time, in the * EncyclopsedJa Britannica. f " To the Right Honourable Edward Lord Thurlow, Lord High Chancellor of Great Brirain. " My Lord, Leicester, Jugust 10, 178(>, "By the advice of Mr. Macnamara, a Representative of Leicester, I am instructed to appeal to your Lordship's humanity, to grant me a gracious iiearing, by a private addiess. At fifty-eight years of age, permit a poor Curate, i=isirj)ported by priv:ite property, to detain your attention a few moments. From 1750 I liave been Usher at the Free Grammar school here, with an appoint- ment of 19/. 16's. a yeai- ; seven years Curate of St. Mary's, my na tive palish, in this Borough 5 then six years Curate at St. Martin's wirh All Saints, lately bestowed by your Lordship on Mr. Gregory of this place ; and now an opportunity occui's to your Lordsh'p, to give nie an occasion to pray for my l?enefactor, and those that are dear to him. during my life. 'Tis this ; a dispensation is ex- pected eveiy day, by the Head ^Master of the School where I serve, the Rev. Mr. Pigott, Vicar of tJreat Wig-ston in this county, to coimect a fresh acquisition in Lincolnshire with it ; and he urges your Loid.^hip's Petitioner to try for the living of St. Nicholas here, which he must relinquish. It is simply 3.5/. a year ; but, as this Corporation grants an annual aid to each living in Leicester, of 10/. a year, St. Nicholas, joined to my School, might render me comfortable for life, and jjrevent tlie uncertainty of a Ciuacy, and the hard necessity, at any time of l^^e, of being harrassed, in all weathers, by a distant cure. My Lortl, if this fieedom is di.sgusting, impute it to the sympathising heart of the generous Macnamara, who prompted nie t(; it in thes*: wofds, speaking of your Lordship : ' Indeed, 1 feci too forcibiy my obligations to press further, or trespass more at present ttpon his Loidship ; but, as you aie a native of Lekestei', and a freeman, I conieive it my dutv to hint to you, that an application immediately fiom yonr- fccli", stating your situation exactly, as you have done to me, may have the flc>ired ell'(\ t, as his Lordships great aiiiliticj can only be equalled by hi.s hnmanily and benevoience.' May the all- jiiighf y, all-pvesont, and all-merciad God din-ct your Lordship, on tiiis and all occa.sions, lo do His pltiisure; and protect vou frf)m all ilangers, which may threaten mjuI, budy, or estate; i.-, the heart V prayer of " \oai- Loidship's humbh.' suj)pliuut, Mm. Bu K-EKtixvi 1 1-." h;'|)i; 6,5^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. ho|>e of forwarding his snit, wrote also to Dr. Far- mer the letter which is copied below *. " It has been said, that the delights of the pipe and the bottle, in Emanuel parlour, out- weighed, in his estimation, the dazzling splen- * '* I think, if Dr. Farmer would undertake my cause, through means usually at hand with men of eminence, I might, by Di- vine I'rovidence, find the Lord Chancellor dispcised to serve me. This living- is so immediately tenable with my school, and coni- patible with an additional curacy, such as Ayleston^ which I have, that I cannot forbear troubUnji your Reverence to take up arms in my cause, and declare, ' Old neighbour, old playfellow, inveniam vinm, autfnciam.' My school is but 19/. 16s. a year. I ha\e no other certain tenure at present. I sei'vcd Mr. Sim- monds seven }ears at St. Mary's, and Mr. Haines six at St. Mar- tin's Avith All Saints. These have vanished with their Vicars j and if I had not Ajleston, I might be haii-assetl with a distant cure, to the discomfort of my life, and the prejudice of my health, at n time when more ease and kisiire seem necessary. I presume Mr. Secretajy Pitt, the Representative of Cambridge Univerbity, and even tiie Chancellor of the same, wiCn a crowd of other great personages, have eyes, ears, and hearts, at the service of its late Vice-thancellor, and yet Master of Emanuel." l^o an- other frienfl Mr. Bickerstaffe writes, " At TiS years of age, hav- ing more inclination to a church-living than a wife, I applied to my old neighhfjur and playfellow. Dr. Farmer, to procure me St. Nicholas parish hcrej and my application was so well-timed, as to get the hnsiness into the hands of i\Ir, Pitt, their Univer- sity-represenTative, by the kind service of the Vice-chancellor, who at the same time attended (o ronunit to him the University- address to the King. Dr. Farmer informed me, that tliis Chan- cellor V as his particular friend ; and that, if St. Nicholas's was pre- engaged, I was )Hit in the way of chtirch-preferment. The liv- ing is yet undisposed of 5 the Lord Chancellor is, or lately was, at Buxton ; and I remain uninformed of any thing further: there is no 100m to expect a smile of fa> our till the gout is more civil ! It seems like a Cbancery-siiit. The present Chancellor is said to be a leisurely gentleman in these matters. He keeps liv- iiigs in suspense. This may be dt signed to acctmmlate an aid, to pay for the seals and the indoctior Swift says, ' Lord Trea- surer, for once be quick !' Should you tell the Chancellor, ' it would suit him, and that / say it,' it nught cost me ti)e loss of his slow favoui-s. At 77?;/ age, I coidd tell him, with strict pro- priety, Bh dat. fjui cito." Letter.^ to the same purport were addressed to Mr. Macnamara and Mr. ILmgerford. To the letter he says, " Mr. Keck and yourself solicited loid Denbigh in my beltalf for St. Mar\''s5 and \ hope 1 have not forfeited your fa.>oiu: since." ; dour DR. RICHAUD FARMER. 637 dour of the raitre : but he had other ami better reasons for preferring a private to a pubhc' station. In early life, at least 'before he was ad- vanced in years, lie had felt the power of love *, and had suffered such a disapjx)intmeut as sunk deep in his mind, and for a time threatened his understand- ing. From that period, though he retained his fa- culties entire, he acquired some peculiarities of manner ; of which he was so far conscious, as to be sensible that they would hardly become the charac- ter of a Bishop: being likewise strongly attached to dramatic entertainments (which, if we mistake not, the English Bisliops never witness), and delighting in clubs, where he could have rational conversation witiiout state or ceremony of any kind >-he very wisely preferred his Kesidentiaryship to the highciit dignity in the Church -jf-y '"' His voice was strong and his manner of speakinij rapid and quick. S >, that one day a lady hearing him preach at St. Mary's and end his Sermon ab- ruptly, turned to an officer of dragoons who was with her, and said that Dr. Farmer knew how to stop short in a full gallop as well as any of the men in his company '^ /' * This attachment, formed wiiilst curate of Swavesey, w?iea his situation in. life was inadequate to the union, continued 6r many years unimpaired: and, when iiis fame and ftutune ren- dered his situation in life at least adcijuate to the rank of th object of )iis aSW.'tions, he began to think .seriously of Matrimony ; but, on mature; i-eftexion, found that his Ivabits of life wtive tiie too deeply roored to be changed into tba-e of domestic aiTange- inents with any pn>})able ciiance of peiffHit happiness to eitlmr jjarty. Mr Cole, however, says, " Dr. Cohnan told me. May J, 1782, that he had it from sufhcient authority, that sir Thomas Hatton had refused hh eldest daughter to Dr. Faj-Kier, but on viliat foujidaUon he knew not. The lady is 9.7 or 2H, anrl Dr. Fanner about 47 or 'IS. It ivill probably be a^itat mortifica- tion to both, as to every one it sceincref(i nient is rqual to isOUil, pecantnutBt-, and I guesi the Jady'a foi-tiuje, tiicre beijij^ six. dauirh- ters and t.vo sons, not it rj' gnjal." f tntyclopoedia Biitannica. 653 UTERARY ANECDOTES. The latter years of Dr. Farmer's life were pretty cqiiiilly divided between Emanuel College and the Ue;ii(ientiary house in Amen-Corner. ** His residence in London was favourable, as already hinted, to his love of literary society ; and fbr many years he was a member of diflerent clubs, composed of men of letters, by whom he was much esteemed. "Of this class was the Eumclean club, at Blenheim tavern, Bond-street, ofwiiich Dr. Ai.h * was Presi- dent; andofvvliicli Sir Joshua Reynolds, Mr. Bos- well, Mr. Windham, M. P. Mr. Pvnight, M. P. Sir Cieorge Shuckburgh, the Honourable Frederick Nortli, Doctor Lawrence, M. P. Sir (jeorge Baker, IVIr. Sharpe, Mr. Seward, Doctor Burney, occ. &c. were members. " He was also a member of theUnincreasableClub, Ouceu's head, Holborn, of wiiich Mr. Isaac Reed was the President ; ?lr. Rofnney the Painter, Mr. Long, Mr. Hay ley, Mr. Braitiiwaite, Mr. Sharpe, Dr. Bv'rdmore of the Charter-house, Mr. Nevvbery, Mr. George Nicol, &c. &c. were members -I-." Dr. Farmer was elected a member of the Lite- * John Ash, M. D. F. R. S. and A. SS. fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, formerly physician lo the General Hospi- tal at Birmingham, in which town he was eminent in his j^rac- tiee, and where he had eonsiderabie jiroperty. lie was of Trinity College, Oxford; M. A. 174G; B. M. 1750; M. D. 1754. Too close application to his ]5rofession having affected his intellects, he recovered th(un by intense application lo mathematical studies. He was the author of " iLxperinients and Obsei'vations to investi- gate, by Chemical Anahsis, the Medicinal Pi'operlies of the Mineral Waters of Spa and Aix-la-Chapelle, in (iermany, and of the Waters, &c. near St. Amand, in French Flanders', l/SS," Svo; also, " Oratio Harveii, 1790," 4to. He died in Bromp- ton-row, Knightsbridge, June 18, 1798, ait. 75 ; and was buried on the 2Gth. A whole-length portrait of him, sitting, was engraved in 1791, by Bartolozzi, after sir Joshua Reynolds. {- Annuiil Necrology; wheie the Club in Essex -.stieet, founded by Di\ Johnson and his friends, is also mentioned. But of tir.it Club Dr. Farmer was not a member, though in the later period of it he once or twicti was a visi'.or. bee Geut. Mag. vol. LV. }p. i, 99. rary PR. RICHARD FARMER. 63$ tary Club (founded by Dr. Johnson and sir Joshua ReVnolds) Feb. s, 1795. He died, after a long and painful illness, at the Lodge of Emanuel College, September S, 1/97 ; and was buried in the Chapel. The following epitaph in the Cloisters of the Colleg-e, written by Dr. Parr, accurately exhibits his more amiable and respectable qualities ; and re- flects honour on the candour of the learned writer; between whom and Dr. Fanner there subsisted great as turned his mind more to ti)'.' J5ellcs Ix!ttre:< than men flo in general who are eckieattd in the trammels of that Monkish Kstablisliment. Tiie Doctor composed some of his pl(;a'^antest VVork> in an arbour on tite vert;e of a pond where he resided, where a pipe was hh* princij)al comj.'anion ; and, when lie relaxed from lii.s labour.-;, ie amu8<.'d himself with a variety of water-fowls, which covered Ids jioiid ; and which, Kvith others not of an aquadc natujc, were mucii admired by alj those 640 LITERARY ANECDOTE?. blank leaf torn out of an old book, and was nearly as under: " I give to my brother, Joseph Farmer, all my j)ropertv, not doubting of his using it for the benefit of our Family *-" "Though a good classical scholar, Dr. Farmer lias been celebrated only for that kind of litera- ture which is connected with the English Drama; and, having a strong predilection for old English writers, he ranked high among the Commentators those who visited his hospitiible mansion. These birds, a Cam- bridge friend informs me, he has disposed of in the following manner : My Geese I e^ivc and bequeath to the Heads of the University. My Ducks and Drakes to Sir Henry Vane Tempest, My Peacock to the Duchess of Gt)rdon. ]My Guinea Fcnvl to Colonel Cawthorne. ]My Pigeons to Lady Buckinghamshire, &c. &c. ]Mv Doves to the Princesses. My Screech-owl to Mrs. Mattocks. Sly Hunnning-bird to jMr. Courtney. My Bantams to Tommy Onslow. My Chicken to M. A. Taylor. My King-fisher to the French Directors. Rly Cock Sparrow to the Duke oi' (^ueeusburj', i\Iy Old Grey Rarot to Mrs. Cowley. My Pullets to Lord William Gordon. My'''uckoo to Mr. Esten. My Cormorant to (he Duke of Marlboroug'h, My Goldfinches- -to Sir \\'illiam Pulteney, My Vulture to j^ord I-x^nsdale. My Plagle to Mr. Pitt. IVIy Jack-daws to the Bond-street Beaux. My Magjiie to Mr. George Cohnan. And my Rooks to the Club at Brookes'.s, Grade, Sept. 21. Onk of the Cock and Hew Club." * Dr. Parmer left two survi\ing brothers, Tiiomas and Jo- seph, IxJth of whom are living in gieat respectability at Leicester, Tluniiiis is the tixthvr of the Rev. 'lliomas Farmer, M. A. ^vho vas p)esentcd by his uncle to the vicarage of St. Luke, Mid- tlle.>,e\, 17 1)6' ; and of U'vo daughters, both manied, and Uving at Leictster. Joseph, who was lately Colonel of the Leicester Vo- lunteers, rcm;dns unmarried. Three of the Doctor's sisters are also living; 1. Hannah, unmarried; 2. Sarah, married, first, Allen Brown, gent, secondly, to Richard Jervis ; but has no children ; 3. Mary, wife of the Hon. and Re\_, Richard Bvron^ of Christ Church, Oxford, M.A. 5 rector iA' Houghton in the- county of Durham ; w ho has two sons, and several grandchildren. UpOU DR. RICHARD FARMER. 64I upon Shakespeare. His ^Essay upon the Learning of Shakespeare' was, in fact, the first foundation of his fame, which an unconquerable indolence prevented him from carrying to that height to which the exercise of his hterary talertts could not have failed to raise it: so great, indeed, was his love of ease, that, after having announced for subscrip- tions a History of Leicestershire, and actually begun to print it, rather than submit to the fatigue of car- rying it through tiie press, he returned the subscrip- tions. Indolence and the love of ease were, in- deed, the Doctor s chief characteri sticks ; and to them, with the disappointment already mentioned, may be attributed a want of attention to his exter- nal appearance, and to the usual forms of beha- viour belonging to his station. In the company of strangers, the eccentricity of his appearance and of his manners made him sometimes be taken for a person half crazed. The Writer of this sketch saw him one morning at Canterbury, dressed in stockinirs of unbleached thread, brown breeclies, and a wig not worth a shilling; and when a Brother Prebendary uf his, remarkable for elegance of manners and propriety of dress, put him in mind that they were to attend on the Archbishop, Dr. Farmer replied, that it had totally escajjsd him ; but he went home, and dressed himself like L Clergyman. That he sat late reading, and occasional! v drinking brandy and water, cannot be denied ; and it is lite- rally true, tliat he could not easily be pi'cvailed upon to settle his accomjits. His ncconipts with some of his pupils, vvheii i utor of liis College, were never settled to the day of !iis (hnUh ; and the young gen- tlemen not unfrequently took advantage of this un- cojir^uerable indolence to borrow of him consider- able sums, wc^ll kii'juiiig ih.it then^ was litile chance of a demand being ev( r ninf'.'j nvow tiieir jjarents. One gentleman, in p;irii(:;;l;;r. to:;', a iViciid (;l" onrs, who was liiniselfa jX'nsio.iei' oi' I'mauuel, that, wh'jn lie left that Coiietiv, !je wa^; iM-ar 50/. imiebt to Dr. Vol. U. ' i J F.I- ^4? ilTERARY ANECDOTES. Farmer; '^ a debt," said he, " which I would have scrupulously paid, but, after repeated solicitations, I could get no bill from him." Having been a warm partizan of (lovernment during the American war, it will readily be believed that Dr. Farmer was the determined enemy of Levellers and Anarchists. He was such a Whig as those who placed King Wil- liam on the throne ; and of course deemed a violent Tory by our present Republicans, of whom, to say the truth, he could hardly speak with temper. By his enemies he is admitted to have been a n)an of generosity. As he obtained money easily, so he parted with it easily. Whilst he was always ready to relieve distress, his bounty was frequently be^ stowed on the patronage of learned men, and learned publications : he was, accordingly, a favourite with all good men who knew him. In his own College he was adored. In the University he had, for many years, more influence than any other ukXu vidual ; and, with all his eccentricities, his death was a loss to that learned Body, which, in the opi- nion of some of its members, will not soon bo made up*." My friend Isaac Reed (than whom no man was better acquainted with the honest, undisguised sen- timents of the benevolent Master of Emanuel) has thus delineated his character. " Dr. Farmer was the architect of his own fortune, and, without the aid of friends or powerful connec- tions, elevated himself to an honourable and lucra- tive situation, in the enjoyment of which he bounded his ambition at a time when he misrht have obtained higher preferment. From his entrance into the Uni- versity, he seemed to have fixed on Cambridge as the place destined for his future residence ; and uni- formly rejected every offer, the acceptance of which would occasion his entire removal from that j)lace. His attention to the interests of the Town and Uni- * Encyclopoctlia Eritannica; versity DR. RICHARD FAS AIE:5. '^43 Versity never was suspended;* and by his exertions every improvement and convenience introduced for the last thirty years were either originally proposed, or ultimately forwarded and carried into execution. The plan for paving, watching, and lighting the Town, after many ineifectual attempts, was accom- plished in his secoiid vice-chancellorship, greatly to the satisfaction of all parties ; whose petty objections and jealousies, and discordant and jarring interests, he exerted himself with ^access to obviate, to mode- rate, and to reconcile. As a Magistrate, he was active and diligent ; and, on more than one occa- sion of riots, displayed great firmness of inind in dangerous conjunctures. As the Master of his Col- lege, he was easy and accessible, cultivating the friendship of the Fellovvs and inferior members by every mark of kindness and attention ; and this conduct was rewarded in the manner he most wished, by the harmony which prevailed in th^ society, and by an entire exemption from those feuds and animosities which too often tore to pieces and discrraced other Collfc":es. . . . '-' . "In his office of Uesidentiary of St. Paul's, if h^ was not the first mover, he was certainly the most strermous advocate for promoting the art of Sculp- ture, by the introduction of Statuary into the Me- tropolitan Cathedral * : and many of tlie rLa;u}ations * " The introduction of monuments into the Catlicdral-churoh of St. Paul, AvliiLt it forms a grand epoch to the Professors of the Imitative Art, will convey to posteiitj- a striking exam})le of the hberality of the Dean and Chapter. V> hen the modesty of Mr. Howard cliecked the intentions of the friends of Phiiaiitlnopy from erectinc; a statue to liis honour in ITtiG, the subscription's Mhiclx had Ijeen rair,ed fur that purj)Ose wore retmned to those who thoug-lu proper to demand them ; out of snch as were not recalled, the .sum of'ZOOZ. was devoted to Prison Charities; and the remainder was diiected to he appii.'! to strike a medal in Imjuoiu' of Mr. Ho'.vard, and foi' other purp--; s. P-rlnre the pla(i for (lie medal could be iinallv Hdjusted, llie (k;)Ui <)f Mr. ilcA-.aid lef; ihe r>ubseriber^ at full lib;i-ty to jev^rt to thtir (n-;";inal idea of ])erpetual ing bus uncommon merit !)V means nr" a -lanu'; and ;vcordJngly, as it was intended to be erected without-doori. the J- T '2 Dubliti; 644 LITERARY ANECDOTES. on the subject were suggested by him, and adopted in consequence oF his recommendation *. publick were invited to communicate their sentiments on the subject. Many stations were in consequence pointed out j and, from one gentleman in particular [Mr. Pledger], a very hand- some offer was made, of providing a situation for the statue, and erecting a noble crescent of houses, to be called after the name of Howard. These ideas, however, were set aside, upon its being suggested by one of the Committee [the Rev. John Pridden, M. A. F. S. A.], that, ii' permissitm could be obtained for the erection of a monument to the memoiy of Mr. Howard in St. Paul's cathedral, such a situatitm would be suitable to the great- ness of his character, and the dignity and gratitude of the British Empire. A respectable delegation liaving attended the Dean and Chapter with this request ; they were pleased to grant permission for placing a monument to Mr. Howard in their Ca- thedral-church j a favour the more valuable, as it was the first instance in which such permission liad been granted; and consi- derably enhanced to eveiy admirer of taste and liberality by the handsome conditions attached to it, " that no fee should be required for its admission ; and that no monument should be erected without the design being first approved of by a Committee of the Royal Academicians;" \\hom the Dean and Chapter have requested to take upon themselves the trouble of being arbiters of the public taste, in order to prevent any monument being introduced that might not correspond with, or contribute to, the ornament of the building. The subscribers, highly gratified with such a distinguished indulgence, immediately agreed with Mr. Bacon to execute the monument." Hints designed to promote Beneficence, Temjierance, and Medical Science ; by John- Coakley Lctt-om, M. D. and LL. D. vol. H. p. 213. * Dr. Farmer, as a member of the Chapter, very zealously lent his powerful aid on this occasion; but, having been myself, in conjunction with my friends Dr. Warner and Dr. Lettsom, an active agent in obtaining admission fur Mr. Howard's monument, I can speak with certainty also of the readiness with which the Right Reverend the Dean and the rest of the Dignitiu'ies of the Cathedr;d (Dr. Jcffieys, Dr. Farmer, and Dr. Jackson) acceded to the proposal. J. N. " Had the times been more propitious to matters of elegance, ]\Ir. Burke, at the suggestion of his friend sir Josluiu Reynolds, intended to have applied to Parliament for a cci-taiu sunmal sum, to gild the capitals of the columns and other salient parts of the cathedral of St. Pauls. The (ienius of Taste in vain perambu- lates the sacred fai^.e, to find in it the statue of her favourite son sir Joshua Reynolds, wliich perhaps, like those of J3rutus or of Cassius, in the funeral procession of one of their familv, prcc- ful'^et quia non ccriiifnr. Dr. Farmer saw but too plainly the desolate state of the lubric 3 iuid that, for want of proper decora- tioySr- DR. RICHARD FARMER. ^45 '* His literary character rests on one small Work . * The Essay on the Learning of Shakespeare *,'* composed in the early period of his life, and which completely settled a much litigated and controverted question, contrary to the opinions of many eminent writers, in a manner that carried conviction to the mind of every one who had either carelessly or carefully reflected on the sub- ject. It may, in truth, be pointed out as a master- })iece, whether considered with a view to the spright- liness and vivacity with which it is written, the clear- ness of the arrangement, the force and variety of the evideiice, or the compression of scattered ma- terials into a narrow compass ; materials which in- ferior Writers would have expanded into a large vo- lume. He had no taste for the prevailing pursuit ia the University, the Mathematicks, nor ever paid any regard to it, after he had obtained his first twQ degrees ; but he cultivated the Belles Lettres with great assiduity, though with little appearance of regular study. His knowledge of books in all lan- guages, and in every science, was very comprehen- tions, it appeared to be the most beautiful stone' quarry in Eu- rope. He prevailed upon the Chapter of that Cathedral to admit iDonuments into it, under proper I'estrictions, and, by the wise and Hberal regulations they made, to render it, as Sir Joshua Reynolds exultingly said, " The British Temple of Fame." Mr. Hovvarfl's monument was the first that was proposed for it; which gave rise to the judicious observations on sepulchral deco- ration.^, which (through the medium of the Gentleman's Maga- zine, vol. LXI. p. 395.) were atldressed by the first Marquis of I.;uisdowne to the Committee appointed to conduct Ihe business of that inMnumeiit." Seward's Biographiana, p. 592. * '' Dr. rarmer's Essay is, in respect to the materials, argu- ments, an I conclusions, what the late Bishop of Salisbury's [Dou^';la-,j was upon Miracles, original, powerful, and incon- trovertible. Never \\&?> there an octavo volume, like Farmer's upon Sh;lVe^peare, which contained so many and such various points, ;'.!;.' v>hich displayed such research, ingenuity, and acute- ness, put fonh with so little pomp, j)arade, or pedantry. Its popuiarily v.as rcniarkuble ; for it delighted both the superficial, tind deeply versed, readej- in black-ldttr lore." Sec Mr. Dibdin" " JiibliOir.aniaj IbU," p. 0G5. sive. 046 IITERARY ANECDOTES. sive. Ffe was fond of reading ; and continued the habit until the lat^t sta^e of his existence. His good' humour, hberahty,, pleasantry, and hospitahty, might aftbrd subjects for unmixed panegyric, to which eyerv one who knew him would readily assent. These will live in the memory of his surviving friends ; who, whenever his name occurs, cannot but si^h at the reflection tl.at those qualities, which have so often soothed anfl gladdened life, were suf- fered to exist no -longer in the possessor than until he had attained the age of sixty-two years. "The illiberal practice of the present times may expect a drawback of the foibles of a man of genius and virtue. That Dr. Farmer hath' sonie, it would be ridiculous to deny, and useless to conceal. '1 hey were, however, such as superseded no duty, encou- rao-ed no vice, and might ])ass in review, before the most rigid IVloralist, v.ithout calling for more than a very sli^^ht censure : in reality, they were lost in the recollection of his many amiable qualities. Some of them, however, are delicately glanced at in the following masterly character, drawn by tlie Reve- rend Dr. Parr *, -.md published a short time before Dr. Farmer's death ; * " How shall I talk o? thee^ and of thy n-ondcrful col- lection, O rave Richard Farmer? of thy scholarship, acute- ness, pleasantly, singulantiet^, varied learning, and colloquial powers! Thy name will live Ionndon caieless in his (Irci.s and whclhcr his wig was full-bottomed or nairow- bottoiru (1 he would talk and mutter strange speeches to him- self; thiukiiig all the time, 1 ween, of some curious discovery he had recently made in the aforesaid precioui black-letter tomes." Dibdin's Bibliourania, p. 505, * Seward's Biogripluaua, vol. II. p. 579. Two 64B LITER AR.Y ANECDOTES, Two letters of Dr. Jolinson to Dr. Farmer are preserved in Boswell's Life; the one, in 177O, re- questing (for Mr. Steevens and himself) such infor- mation concerning Sliakspeare as Dr. Farmer was " more able to j^ive than any other man ;" the other, in 178O, sohciting information concerning " Am- brose Philips, Broome, and Gray, vvlio were all of Cambridge ; and of whose lives he was to give such accounts as he could gather/' In the European Magazine, vol. XXV. 1794, p. 410, is an excellent Letter from Dr. Farmer to Isaac Reed, esq. Jan. 28, 1794, occasioned by a question which Mr. Keed had proposed to him on the subject of Dennis the Critic having been ex-^ pelled from the University of Cambridge; a fact as- serted in the " Biogni})hia Dramatica," but denied by Dr. Kippis in the * Bicgrophia Britannica/' un- der the article Dennis *. Mr. Hawkins, in an advertisement prefixed to his edition of '^"Ignoramus, 1787," very handsomely observes, that " it would have been an injury to his reputation to conceal that the Editor was indebted to the Rev. Dr. Farmer for the knowledge of many facts which no one but himself could have furnished." His Library, which was particularly rich in scarce Tracts and old English Literature, was sold, nnder the title of " liihliinhcca Fanneriaua; a Cata- logue of the curious, valuable, and extensive Library, in Print and Manuscript, of tb.o late Kev. Hichard Farmer,!). I). CanonResidenliary of Std'aufs, Master of Emanuel College, andFelk^vv of the Fioval and An- tiquary Societies, decerned : comprehending nuiny rare Editions of the (:Jreek and Roman Classicks, * After some pleasant argiiments and rcmarl-.s. Dr. Farmer concludes, " Yet \vc have not provt-d ihat Denni.-i was expelled from Cuius, his origiinl College ; but this matter is soon settled ; though the tradition more fully expi esses *he cause of it. On turning to their Gexta Eook, under the head ' Sir Dennis sent away," appears this entry : " March 4, 1G80. At a nipetingof the master and fellows, sir Dennis I'lulcted 31. -. his scholar.-hip taken away, and he sent out of Cullegc, fur assaulting and uor.nding sir Gienhiim with a sword." and DR. RICHARD FARMER. 649 and of the most eminent Philologers ; a fine Col- lection of English History, Antiquities, and Topo- graphy ; including all the old Chronicles; the most rare and copious Assemblage of old English Poetry that, perhaps, was ever exhibited atone View*; to- gether with a great V ariety of old Plays, and early, printed Books, English and Foreign, in the Black Letter, many of which are extremely scarce," &c. &c. The sale to commence Monday, May 7, 17,98, and continue 35 days, by Mr. King, King street, Co- vent-garden. The Catalogue extends to 37^ Paiges, and the articles of books amount to 8 If) 5. 'I'he Library is supposed to have cost him less than 500/. It sold for 221QL indepenrlent of his Pictures. Dr. Farmer once proposed himself to have liad a (^ataiogue taken of his Library, to which he intended to have prefixed the following Advertise- ment : " This Collection of Books is by no m.eans to be considered as an essay to\^ arris a perfect Library : the circumstances and tlie situation of the Collector made such an attem})t both unnecessary and im})rac- ticable. Here are few ]))ibiications of great price vvhich were already to be found in the excellent Library of Emanuel College; but, it is believed, that not n}any private collections contain a greater number of really curious and scarce books; and, jerhap?, no one is so rich in the antient philological g nglish literature, W. Farmer.' * " The Collection is justly said, to contain the most rare and cu)ious assemblage of Old Kn^lisk Poetry that, perh:ij)s, \v;ts ever exhibited at one view 5 to<^ethei- with a great variety of Old PUnjs, and early printed works, Englisii and Foreign, in the black letter: Dr. Farmer's copies were, in general, in sonv condition : the posaessor caring little foi" large margins and splendid bindings. His own name, generally accompanied with a bibliographic. d reniaik, and both written in a sprawling cha- racter, usually preceded the titlc-j)age. The science (dare I vcn- tm'eupon so magnificent a woid ?) of fribliog"ia[)hy was, even in Farmer's letter time, but jejune, and of limited extent ; and this will account for some of tlie couunon-pluce bibliographical pemorantla of th9- owner of the-" vohancs." Dibdin's Bibliomania, nbi supra. No. Xli. ( ^oO ) No. XII. GEORGE STEEVENS; ESQ. THIS eminent Scholar and profoundly learnctl Commentator was the only sou of George Stee^ ven?, esq. of Stepney, many years an East-India Captain, and afterwards a Director of the East India Company, who died in I768. He was born at Stepney,' May 10, 173(>*, and admitted of King* College, Cambri, nine days old." f The following character of Mr. Steevens appeared in the (icutlcman's ^Magazine for 18(X>, vol. LXX, p. 17si;:t:mce of 'Mr. Steevens 5 and consented th.at the name of that centleman >hould be in editorial conjunction with his 'own. Mr. Steevens possessed that knowledge wi\icU qualified liiin in a superior degree fen- the ilh.istration of our di- vine Po(t, a.\d wiriiout which the utmo-.t critical acumen would yroic auoifiv.., ile had,, iu short, studied the age of Shaks- peare, GEOROE STEEVENS, ESS. $1 A year before the appearance of tiiis edition, Dr. Johnson had published an edition, with notes, ia pfea're, and had employed his pei-severing industry in becominij acquainted with themitings, manners, and laws, of that period, as well as the pro\ inciai peculiarities, whether of hinguiige or custom, which ])rev ailed in different parts of the kingdom, but iflore particularly in those where Shakspeare passed the early years of his life. This store of knowledge he was continually in- creasing by the acquisition of the rai'e and obsolete publications of a fvjrraer age, w hich he spared no expence to obtain ; while his critical sagacity and acute observation were employed inces- santly in calling forth the hidden meanings of our great drama- tic Bard from their covert, and, consequently, enlarging the display of his beauties. This advantage is evident from his last edition of Shakspeare, which contains so large a portion of new, interesting, and accumulated illustration. " It is to his own indefatigable intliistry, and the exertions of hii printer, ttiat we are indebted for the most perfect editi(jn of our innnortal Bard that ever came fj"om the English press, la the prepaiution of it for the printer, he gave an instance of edi- torial activity and perseveratics -.vliicli is witiiout example. To this work lie devoted solely and exclusively of all other attentions a period of 18 mouths; and, during iliat time, he left his house every mornina; at one oV-loek wixh the i[a!npstead ])atroic, and, proceeding withoaf any co!iii(krati(>n of the weatiier or the sea-, fcon, called up the couipositor and woke all his deviis : " Him late from Hamp.'.Tortd journe;, iug to his booli; Aurora oft for Cephalus mistook , ^Vliat time he brubh'd the (lews with hasty pace,. To meet the printer's dsvlet face to face." " At the chambers of Mr. Reed, ^vho;e he wa*? allowed to ad^ mit himself, with a sheet of the .bhaksj)care letter-'prcss ready for coiTection, and found a room i)reparcd to receive him : there was every book which he might wish to consult ; and on Mr. Reed's pillow lie could ap])ly, on any doubt or sadden suggestion, to a knowledge of English liter;!', luu perhaps equal to his owi>. The nocturnal toil greatly accelerated the printing of the work : as, while the printers slPjjt, the editor was awake : and thus, in less than 90 months, he completed his last sjjlendid edition f)f !Shak8j)eare, in 1.5 large 8vo volumes ; an almost inere(iii)le la- bo(n-, which proved the astonishing enerfzy and persevering powers of his mind. That he contented !>.iniseif with being a fomuientator, arose probably from the ; jibits of his life, and bis devotion to the name with which bis own will descend to the latest posterity. It is probable that many of hh jeux-tref^prit might be collected ; but I am not acquainted with any sinalf ])i o- du'tion of his pen but a ])oem of a few .stanzas in Dod.-.k'v's An- nual Register, under the title of " I'he Fiaiuic Lo\cr ;" wliich is tuperior to any siindar juoduction in the English laiiguaii-e. Mr. ^teveni g!;2 LITEIIARY ANECDOTES. cirlit volimies, Svo. A coalition between these two editors having been negotiated, another edition, Stecvens was a classical scholar of the first order. He was equally acquainted with the Bclk-s Lcitrcs of Europe. He had studied History, anticnt and nKxlcrn, but particularly that of his own cuuutrv. H(f.v far his knowledf^e of the sciences extelidetl, I cannot tell, whether it w'.vs merely elementary or profound ; but wlicn any application was made to them in conversation, he al- ways spoke of, and drew his cora})arisons from, them with the easy fiamiliarity of intimate acquaintance. He possessed a strong oiiginal genius and an abundant wit 5 his imagination was of every colour, and his sentiments were enlivened with the most brilfiant expressions. \\'ith these qualities, I need not add that his colloquial powers surpassed ihose of other men. In argu- ment he wiis unconnnonly eloquent ; and his eloquence was equally 7o>Tical and animated. His descriptions were so true to nature, his iiffiires were so linely sketched, of such cui'ious selection, and .so hajjpily groujjed, that I hai e sometimes considei'ed him as a speaking Hogarlh. He wo\dd ti'equently, in his sportive and al- most bovish humours, condescend to a degree of riijaldiy but little above O'Keeffe: with him, however, it lorft all its coarseness, and assumed the air of cla'-sic al vivacity. He v.as indeed too apt to catch the ridiculous, both in cliaracter and things, and to indulge rather an indiscreet ar.inration Avhcro\er he found it. It must be acknowledged, thr.t he scattered Lis wit and his humour, his gibes and hi^. jeers, too freely around !iim: and they were not lost for want of gatlieiing. Tliis di-position made iiim many enemies, and attaclicd an o]>ini\}ueh were remembered by all who heard them, and repeated by i\\\ who remembered them. A cliaracteristic bon mot is a kind of oral carioatiire, copies of vhich are multiplied by every tongue Avhicb utters it; and it is much less injurious or mortifying to be the object of a satirical woi'k, which is seldom read but once, and is often thought of no moie, than to be hitched into a sar- castic couplet, or condc]i.-.ed into a stingirig epithet, which will be equally treasured up by good-humour or ill-nature, for the tiiliVi't nt purposes of niirtli or resentment. Mr. Stee\ens loved whiit is called fun ; a di.'^position which has, I fear, a tendency to mischief It is a hobbv horse, which, while it curvets and prances ujereiy to frighten a timorous rider, will sometimes unintention- ally throw him in (he diit. .Stnuc open charges of a malignant disjiOhilion have been made against him ; and, in the Preface to the w(nks of a distinguished literary character, he is accused, while in the habits of intimate fiiendVhi]) and dailv intercourse with that gentleman, of writing calunn.iating ])aragraphs in the juurpaiUTj; ug'.unst him. liut thc-e paiagiapli- Mr. Steevens did liC-t GEORGE STEEVENS, ESft. 6^^$ known by the name of " Jolinson and Steevens's Edition," made its appearance in 10 vols. Svo, 1773. not write ; and the late Mr. Seward assured me, that Mr. Bick- nell, the author of a poem, called "The Dying Xegro," acknow- ledged to him, that he was the author of them. It is impossible to pass by, even in such a cursory account of Mr. Steevens as this, the very severe note, in the " Pursuits of Litei-ature," which vva? written to be applied to him. I am a sanguine admirer of that work; at the same time 1 have ever regretted, that the partialities and resentments of its author should have occasionally led him into a wantomiess of praise and of cen.sure. I think the censure of Mr. Stee\'ens, as well as the praise of Mr. Samuel Lysons (and I am not singular in myopinion\ are equally ridiculous, and without foimdation. Mr. Steevens possessed a very handsome fortune, which he managed with discretion, and was enabled by it to gratify his wishes, which he did without aviy regard to ex- pence, in forming his distinguished collections of Cia5.sical Learn- ing, Literary Antiquity, and the Arts connected with it. Hi.s ge- nenx-jity al.so was equal to his fortime ; and, though he was not seen to give eleemosynary sixpences to sturdy beggars or sweepers of the crossings, few persons distributed Bank-notes with more liberality; and some of his acts of pecuniary kindness might be nimed, and probabiy among many otliers that are not known, wluch could only jtioceed fi'om a mind adorned ith the noblest sentiments of humanity, lie possessed all the grace of exterior accomplishnient, acquired in a period when civility and ])olitenes9 were the characttristicks of a gentleman ; a mortifying contrast to the manners of our present young men of fashion, which would have disi^jaced the servant .s' halls of their grandfathers. Mr. Stex-vens received the first part of his education at Kingston upon Tham."s ; he went thence to Eum, and was afterwards a fellow-commoner of King's college, C-uubridg'e. lie a'so ac- cepted a commission in the I>scx. miMtia (;..i its first establish- ment. The latter jeavs of his 'ile he chierly ])a.ssed at Ilamp- stead in uu\isit-.ble reth'cmfnt, and seld(;m mixed with societv but in bookselier's shoos, or the Sisakspeai'c Galleiy, or the morning convcrzaz'ovc of sir Josepl-, Banks. I ha\e Jieard of hi- caprices, of the fickleness of hi- fri^ndsl-ips. and tlie sudder transition of his reg;u"('.s. These, howi \(j'. ! cannot censure ; for ( know not hi^ motives : r.or siifll ? ;iti'vii}5t to ;malyse his Seasibililics. But, wh'itevcr n;:).y have !jei-n his failings, I do not fear contradict '(jii vvIk'm I assert, that deorge Steevens, was a man of extraordinary talents, erur'iitiun, rmd atviiininents ; and that he was an honour to < lie literature 1)1' ii'o comiiry. When Death, by one stroke, and in tiie ir.OTneiii, nii'kt- .-'.'ch a di'-pcr- eion of knowledge and iritcUriti ',\hen su( 1. ;. man is carried to his grave the mind c:;n feel but one eni'.tiiuii : v.l- consider the vanity ttf every thing beneath tiie sua -m,- jvjrif ive wIkU shado'^s we are and what ^hadowi vu- p\ir;ue." iviONjf.xsii." A pa-- ^54 tITERARV ANECtJOTES. It was reprinted by these gentlemen, in the satne wumber of volumes^ five years after ; and again, in 17S5, under the care of Isaac Reed, esq. of Staple- inn, who, at the request of his friends Mr. Steevens and Dr. Farmer, undertook the office of editor. A fourth edition of this work, with great additions and improvements, was pubhshed by Mr. Steevens in fifteen volumes, 8vo, 179.S, which at the time was certainly the most complete edition extant of Shakspeare's Plays. This work, which, through the indefatigable exertions of the editor, was ear- ned through the press in the space of eighteen montlis, is enriched v.ith much novelty of remark, and contains the accumulated result of his acute and critical observations, made during a long course of A passage in the above letter produced the lollowina; remark in a subsequent number : *' After conceding that I have tlie highest opinion of tlie merits of Mr. S. in his Une, I ani, I conceive, at li- berty to observe, that tlie authoi- of the Pursuits of Literature is not sin'^vlar in his commendation of Mr. L. ; that the Monthly Review, a pullication of 'uprcviie Uterar}' excellence, where party (that Head \^ hich will sliperscde the necessity of merit, be of im- mense injury to science, and ultimately destroy the character of tlie v.ork conducted upon its principles), it nor beins^ a qnestioa of politicks or religion, assuredly did not interfere, has avowed as nmch as the author (jf the " Pursuits of Literature" in the cri- ticism of tlie " Roman Antiquities of Woodchestcr}" that the ge- juus of iMr. Lysons iias ever been loudly celcbiated by all the (iloucester.-hire people of instructed minds; and tliat, from the unequivocal tests of genius, impi'ession, and efil'ct, it is uni- versally acknowledged that that Cjualiiy, blended with skill, taste, felicity, and elegance, cLaractt! ize the productions of IVIr. Di- rector of the Society of Antiquaries. Add to this, that a more, elaborate piece of topography, perhaps, never existed than the * Lnvirons of London :" and that the plan of it, which I con- ceive to be cxqii'iiiiip, having such a remarkable completeness, and leaving nothir.g deficient, is supposed to be a dictate of the just and tine arctia^ologica! taste of .Mr. S. L. 1 appeal to any Antiquary, whether the " I? oman Antiquities of Woodchester,'* and tiie " Environs of J^ondon," ai'e not among the lirst produc- tiniis of the present day, notwithstanding what the author of the ' Piu'suits of Literatitre" ha= thought proper to observe with re- gard to the latter, in that narrow-minded scale upon which the w hole book is conducted. I admire tine Latinity and cla-sical knowledge as much as he docs ; but surely there are other tilings worth attoUiou too." But GEORGE STEEVESS, ESa. ^55 reading, chiefly devoted to the illustration of hif^ favourite Bard. The diligent editor has taken a!i possible, pains to render his work full, clear, and convenient; and whoever considers the prolego- mena and notes, joined to the elegance of" the typo- graphical execution, will be of opinion that our im- mortal Bard was edited in a manner worthy his fame *. But this talent at explaining and illustrating * A subsequent edition of this valuable Work was edited bf Mr. Pieed in 1803 ; on the subject of which I shall enlarge in the pleasant and judicious! words of Mr. Dibdin: " The Compiler of the Gendenian's Ma^rizine, vol. LXX. p. ITS, has given us some amusing particulars of Steevens's literaiy life ; of his coining frora Hampstead to London, at the chill break of day, w?ien the o\er- hanging clouds were yet charged with the inky purple of right, in order, like a true book chevalier, to embrace the first dank impression or proof sheet of his own famous octavo edition of Shakspcnre ; and of Mr. Bulmer's sumptuous impression of the text of the same. AH this is well enougli, and savours of the proper spirit of Cibliomaniacism ; and tlie edition of our im- mortal IJard in 15 well-printed octavo volumes (1*93) is a splendid and durable monument of the researches of George Stee\ ens. There were froin 20 to "5 cop-ies of the octavo edition printed u])on large paper ; and Lord .Spencer possesses, bv be- quest, Mr. Steevens'.s own coj.'v of the same, illu.strated v.ith a great number of rare and precious prints ; to which, ho\ve-er, his Lordship, with liis usual zeal and taste, has made additions more valuable even than the gift in its original form. I'he Svo 3: I Ic.arn from unquestionable authority, that Sleevens sti})\dated with the jmb- lishers that they should pay ivlr. ileed 3t;0'. fur cflitov-^hip, and lOOl. to i^Ir. VV. Harris, lihi'ai'irm of the R(jy;J Iii-iitu!i(;n, fjr <'nrrecting the press ; nor 1';'- the editor in liis })refacn ])aitod from the truth, iu acl;n!)wl'v'Ig'!ig Mr. ifarri.- Uj bg an ub';; luul vigilant assistant. jMr. II, retained, l\)Y romij ti;ii',\ Siceven-,'s rorrectcd copy of hi ; own edition of 1 7 03 ; hut iif afterwards di.s- po:;ed of it, by public auction, for '28/. He has :d^o a! ihi-iuv- S'-iii iziuuM-iit. Mr. Joiiah Ij')\(i-..li'i ciiiy of Mi . lVlio:>. V, pictuie cf 'jiiX ^5^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. tlie difficulties and beauties of Shaks{->eare was distn-accd by the worst of foils, a severity of satire *=, which too strongly marked a malevolence of heart, from which his best friends cannot vindicate the editor. The severity of his satire has, in some in- stances, recoiled on himself; and perhaps the re- tort courteous was never better played off against him than by our friend, honest and generous Tom ])avies'(~, in his vigorous character of Master Ste- phen \. It would be happy for him could as much be said for him as for that unfortunate and worthy man on a similar occasion. But " Peace be to his soul, if God's good pleasure be !" ]Mr. Steevens was a good classical scholar, and was remarkable for the brilliancy of his wit, and for his satirical talents. The latter he occasional!)' indulged in some excellent jeux (Tespiit, which made their appearance in various periodical publi- cations. "The Frantic Lover, mentioned in p. 65 1, ap- peared in Ahiion's '" New Foundling Hospital for Wit, 1771," vol. IV. p. 189. And see tlie St. Janjes's Chronicle, Jan. 1 1 , 1774, for a Song written by him in the character of a Stationer; and two or three other poems, one called " The Insensible Lo- ver," just before or after, in the same Chronicle, our imn)oit;il bavd ; witli tlie following inscription, painted on the back of the panne], by Mr. Steevens : ' May 179r Copied by Josiah Boydell, at my rctpicst, from the remains of the only genuine jiortrait of Willvam 8iiak.--peare. George Steevens.' The engraved portrait of Shakspeare, prefixed to this edition t>f 1803, is by no mean.^ a futhfid resemblance of Mv. Boydell's admirably exeeutcd copy in oil. The expences of the edition amounted to 5H44/.; but no copies nowremain with the publishers. '' Of this Sir John Hawkins felt the keenest force. i See in vol. VI. under the article Davies, p. 433; and oce al-o the article Jcnitens, in vol. 111. p. 120. I Mr. Muiphy ab^o has. strongly pourti-ayed him inh^ Addrcst to the Muievoii. which. GEORGE STEIEVENS3 ilsa. (^57 which were all written as coming from a very worthy man who carried on that trade under the Exchange. See also Gent. Mag. vol. LI I. page 2 J 6, for a portrait, invented by him, ofChedder, a poet older than Rowley ; and, for his sketch of Dean Milles's wig, see the same volume, p. 288. He died January 22, 1800, at his house at Hampstead, where he had lived several years in the most recluse and unsocial retirement ; and was buried in the chapel at Poplar, where, in the North aile, there is a monument to his memory by Flax^ man, of which an engraving, in an elegant outline, is given by the Rev. Daniel Lysons in the Supple- mentary Volume of his " Environs of London." Underneath is the following inscription ; the verses in which are from the pen of Mr. Hayley t " In the middle aile of this chapel lie the remains of George Steevens, esq. who, after having cheerfully employed a considerable portion of his life and fortune in the illustration of Shakspeare, expired at Hampstead the 22(1 day of January 1800, in his 64th. year. " Peace to these reliques, once the bright attire Of spirits sparkling with no common tire; How oft has pleasure in the social hour Smil'd at his wit's exhilarating power; And truth attested with delight intense The serious charms of his colloquial sense ; His talents, varying as the diamond's ray. Could strike the grave, or fascinate the gay. His critic labours of unwearied force Collected light from every distant source ; Want with such true beneficence he cheer'd, All that his bounty gave, his zeal endear d ; Learning as vast as mental power could seize. In sport displaying, and with graceful ease ; Lightly the stage of checquer'd life he trod. Careless of chance, confiding in his God." W. H. Vol. U. U u A capi- 65^ LITERARY ANECDOTES. A capital portrait of Mr. Steevens was accidentally discovered, a few years since, which he had looked all London through to find, but to no purpose. It was the irxtention of the Original to serve this inimit- able likeness as he had before done a miniature of himself by Myers, and a whole-length, in the character of Barbarossa, which Mr. Steevens played on a private theatre with great eclat. Fortunately the third and last picture of this extraordinary man escaped the ravage of th6 self-destroyer. It was painted by Zoffanii before he went to India, and sold, with many others, to a Mr. Clark, in Princes- street, having been left in the Painter's hands, who got rid of all his portraits when he set out on his j^astern expedition. From this picture an excellent print was engraved for sale, at the expence of Mr. Sylvester Harding, in whose family the plate now remains. Mr. Steevens was rich in books and prints. He bought largely at Mr. Baker's auction of sir Clement Dormer's library, I764, collected by General Dor- mer, where he got the French translation of Xeno- phon's Works by Pyramus de Candale, Cologn, 1613, bound in Morocco and gilt leaves, worth 40/. and upwards, for 12/. I2s. He had the Second Folio of Shakspeare, with notes, and alterations of the scenes, by King Charles the First ; together with that Monarcli's name and motto, Diim spiro spero, in his own hand-writing. This curious volume Mr. Steevens bought at Dr. Askew's sale of books ; and at Jiis own sale it was ]jurchased for the Royal Library, where it now re- mains. Mr. Steevens had also illustrated a copy of his own edition of Shakspeare, 1793, with 1 5 00 por- traits of all the persons and places mentioned in the notes and text, of which he could make drawings, or procure engravings. * Of his perseverance and solicitude whilst this edition was in the press, seep. G51. His GEORGE STEEVENS, ESft. (J59 His set of Hogarth's Prints may be considered as the coinpletest that ever was collected * ; and his commentary on the productions of that inimitable Painter, which accompanies Mr. Nichols's "Bio- graphical Anecdotes," would alone have stamped a lasting fame on his critical acumen ^. His illustrated copy of Shakspeare he bequeathed to Earl Spencer ; his Hogarth (perfect, with the exception of one or two pieces) to that eminent statesman the late Mr. Windham, of Fellbrig in Norfolk; and his corrected copy of Shakspeare to Mr. Reed, with a bequest of 200 guineas. To his niece, Miss Steevens, who was the residuary legatee, he left the bulk of his fortune, including his well-stored Library J. * A set possessed by the present Marquis of Bute may, per- hajis, come nearly in competition with it. . t Sec the Preface to the <3"arto Edition of Hogarth's Works, published by the Editor of these " Anecdotes," 1810. ^ "The Library," says Mr. Dibdin, of this extraordinary Critic and Collector was sold by auction in the year ISOO ; and, being formed ratlier after the model of Mason's , than of Far- mer's, it was rich to an e:;cess in choice and rare pieces. Nor is it an uninteresting occupation to observe, in looking among the prices, the enormous ^ums which were given for some volumes, tliat cost Steevens not a twentieth part of their pro- duce: Init which, comparatively with their present worth, ^vould brinii," considerably higlier prices! What arduous conten- tion, ' Renurdine. .shifts,' and bold bidding ; what triumph on the one [)art, and vexation on th.e otiier, were exhibited at the book sale ! while the Auctioneer, like Jove looking calmly down upon, the storm which he himself liad raised, kept his even temper j and ' ever and anon' dealt out a gracious smile amidst all the tur- bulence that surrounded Idm ! Memorable ajra ! the veteran col- lector grows young again in tliinking upon the valour he then exliibited, and the juvenile collector talks ' braggartly' of other times which he calls the golden days of the Bibhomania, when he reflects upon ins lusty eilorts in securing an Exemplar StevenS' iannm!" After filling nearly twelve pages with the prices of the rarer ar tides, Mr. Dibdin proceedi;, ' It remains to say a few words of the cek'brated Collector of this \ery cv.rious library. The wit, t:i>tc, and classical acquirenjents of George Steevens, are eveiy u litre recorded and acknowledged. As an editor of his beloved Shakspeare, he stands unrivalled ; for he comijined, with much ^ ^ George Mason, c-:q. of .\ldenharr, Hert;, a Director f the Sun Fire Offitf. > V V 2 recondite gfiO LITERARY ANECDOTES. There were only two or three other small lega- cies in money. recondite learning and indefatigable research, a polish of style, and vigour of expression, whicii are rarely found united in the jame person. His definitions are sometimes both happy and singular; and his illustrations of antient customs and manners such, as might have been expected from a head so completely furnished, and a hand so thoroughly practised. 1 will not say that George Steevens has evinced the learning of Selden upon Drayton, or of Bentley upon Phalaris; nor did his erudition, in truth, rise to the lofty and commanding pitch of these his predecessors : nor does there seem much sense or wit in hunting after evei-y pencil-scrap which this renowned bibliomaniac com- mitted to paper as some sadly-bitten book collectors give evi- dence of. If I have not greatly misunderstood the characteristics of Steevens's writings, they are these: wit, elegance, gaiety, and satire, combined with almost perfect erudition in Enghsh dra- matic antiquities. Let us give a specimen of his classical ele- gance in dignifying a subject which will be relished chiefly by Grangeritcs. Having learnt that a copy of Skelton's verses on Elinour Rummin, the famous Ale-wife of England, with her portrait in the title-page, was in the library of the Cathedral of Lincoln (perhaps foimerly Captain Coxe's copy) ; he prevailed on the late Dean, Sir Richard Kaye, to bring the book to London -, but as it was not sutFered to go from the Dean s possession, Mr. Steevens was permitted to make a fac-simile drawing of the title, at the Dean's house in Harley-street, This drawing he gave to Richardson the printseller, who engraved and published it among the copies of scarce portraits to illustrate Gj'anger. The acquisi- tion of this rarity produced from him the following Jeu d' Esprit ; the merit of which can only be truly appi_ciated by tliose who had the pleasure of knowing the eminent Portrait Collectors therein mentioned, and whose names are printed in capital letters. Eleanora Rediviva. To seek this Nymph among the glorious dead, Tir'd with his search on earth, is Gulston fled : Still for these charms enamour'd Musgrave sighs : To clasp these beauties ardent Bindley dies: For these (while yet unstaged to public view ;) Impatient Brand o'er half the kingdom flew; These, wliile their bright ideas round him play, From Classic Weston force the Roman lay: (.)lltoo, my Storer, Heaven has heard thee swear: Not Gallia's murdered Queen was half so fair : " A new Euro{)a !" cries the exulting Bull, " My Granjxor now, I thank the gods, is full :" Even Cr.Af iikrode's self, whom passions rarely move. At this si^ft shrine has deign'd to wliisper love. Haste x\\cr\, ye swains, who Ru.mming's form adore. Possess your Eloauour, and sigli no more." " It must be .ulmitted that this is at once elegant and happv. '' We GEORGE STEEVEN'S, ESft. 66l Mr. Steevens was a most valuable member of the literary world, and a bright star in the constellation " We will now say somewhat of the man himself. Mr. Steevens lived in a retu'ed and eligibly situated house, just on the rise of Hampstead Heath. It was paled in, and had, immediately be- fore it, a verdant lawn skirted with a variety of picturesque trees. Formerly, this house had been a tavern, which was known by the name of The Upper Flask ; and which my fair readers (if a single female can have the coui^age to peruse these bibliomaniacal pages) will recollect to have been the same to which Richardson sends Clarissa in one of her escapes from Lovelace. Here Stee- vens lived embosomed in books, shrubs, and trees : being either too coy, or too unsociable, to mingle with his neighbours. His habits were indeed pecuUar ; not much to be envied or imilatedj as they sometimes betrayed the fliglits of a madman, and sp-Tie- tiraes the asperities of a cynic. His attachments were warm, but fickle both in choice and duration. He would frequently part from one, with whom he had lived on terms of close inti- macy, without any assignable cause; and his enmities, once fixed, were immovable. There was, indeed, a kind of venom in his antipathies ; nor would he sutler his ears to be assailed, or his heart to relent, in favour of those against whom he entertained animosities, however capricious and unfoimded. In one j;U"suit only was he consistent : ojie object only did he woo with an in- flexible attachment; and that object was Dame Drama. I have sat behind him, within a few years of his death, and ^vatclied his sedulous attention to the performances of strolling players, who used to hire a public room in Hampstead,- and towards whom his gallantry was something more substantial than mere admiration and applau.se : fur he would make libei-al presents of gloves, shoes, and stockings especially to the female part of the company. His attention, and even delight, during some of the most wretched exhibitions of the dramatic ai't, was truly sur- prizing; ])ut he was then drooping under the pressure of age, and what passed before him might serve to remind him of former days, when his disceiriinent was quick, and his judgment matured. " It i.s, however, but justice to this distinguished bibliomaniac to atld, that, in his literary attachments he was not influen? e ! by merely splendid talents or exalted rank. To my predecessor Herbert (for whose memory I may be allowed, at all times, to express a respectful regard) Steevens seems to have shewn marked attention, I am in possession of more than a dozen original letters from him to this Typographical Antiquary, in which he not only evinces great friendliness of disposition, but betrays an unusual solicitucle about the success of Herbert's labours ; and, indeed, contributes towards it by nearly a hundred notices of rare and ciirious books which wcjc vmknown to, or imperfectly described by, Herbert himself: Of these Mr. Dibdin gives several excellent specimens ; after wUich he thus concludes. " It is now time to bid far^wel to the subject C62 LITERARY ANECDOTES. of editors of that century in which the names of Pope, Theobald, Rowe, Warburton, Garrick, John- son, Cape), and M alone, are conspicuous. Adorned with a versatihty of talents, he was eminent both by his pen and his pencil ; with the one there was no- thing he could not compose, and with the other no- thing he cQuld not imitate so closely, as to leave a doubt which was the original and which the copy. But his chief excellence lay in his critical knowledge of an author's text, and the best pattern of his great abilities is his edition of Shakspeare, in which he has left every competitor far behind him ; and even John- son, with his giant strides, could not walk by his side. Mr. Steevens had a happy memory, richly stored, was a very pleasant tete-a-tete companion, communi- cative of his knowledge, but jealous of other men's. subject of this tremendous note : and most sincerely do I wish I could ' draw the curtain' upon it, and say ' good night' ^vith as much cheerfulness and satisfaction as Atterbury did upon the close of his professional labours. But the latter moments of Steevens were moments of mental anguish. He grew not only iiTitable, but outrageous ; and, ia full possession of his faculties, he raved in a manner which could have been expected only from a creature bred up without notions of morality or religion. Neither complacency nor 'joyful hope' soothed his bed of death. His language was, too frequently, the language of imjirecation ; and his wishes and apprehensions such, as no rational Christian can think upon without agony of heart. Aliliough I am not disposed to admit the whole of the testimony of the good woman who watched by his bed-side, and paid him, when dead, the last melancholy attentions of her office although my prejudices (as they may be called) will not allow me to believe that the \vindo\vs shook, and that strange noises and deej) groans were heard at midnight in his room yet no creature (;f common sense (and this woman possessed the quality in an eminent degree) could mistake oaths for prayers, ov uoJsterous treatment for calm and gentle usage. If it be said wiiy ' draw hLs frailries from their drear abode?' the answer is obvious, and, I should hope, irrefragable. A duty, and a sacred one too, is due To TiiE Living. Past example^ operate upon future ones -. and posterity ought to know, in the instance of this accomplished scholar and literary antiquary, that neither the sharpest wit, nor the most delicate intellectual refinement, c;in, alone, afford a man ' Peace at the Last.' The vessel of human existence must be secured by other aachors tlian these, when the storm of Death approaches!" He GEORGE STEEVENS, ESft. $ He was a man of the greatest perseverance in every thing he undertook; often constant, but not always consistent, as he would sometimes break off his longest habits without any ostensible reason. He discontinued his daily visits at Mr, White's, the book(>eller, after many years regular attendance^ for no real cause ; and left Mr. tock4ale, whom he took up on quitting Mr. White, all at once in the same eccentric ^nd unaccountable manner. He never took a pinch of snuff after he lost his box in St. Paul's Church-yard, though it had beeri the custom of his life, and he was iiiuch addicted to the practice, and in the habit of making hi^ me.i^p.r randums by bits of paper in his box. His Library (\\'hi.cjbi contained a valual^le poUec- tion of Classics, and was par:ticularly rich in dra- matic and other poetry, and in the miscellaneous productions of the English press during th^ reigns of Queen Elizabeth and James I. (was sold by auc- tion (with the exception of the three curious ar- ticles before mentioned as bequeathed to Lord Spen- cer, Mr. Windham, and Mr. Reed,) in the month of May 1800, and produced the sum of 2700/. Six Plays sold for 1 58/. 46". Fuller's Worthies, full of MS notes by the late Mr. Oldys, Mr. Tho- resby, and Mr. Steevens, 43/- Rapin, 51 guineas Purchas' Pilgrims, 22 guineas. Beaver's Mili- tary Punishments, 13/. 55. Tracts relative to Mary Toft, 14/. 105. Dodsley's Old Plays, 12 vols. L. P. 12 guineas. Nichols's Hogarth, with MS notes by Mr. S. 13/. Ireland's Pamphlets, with Imita- tions of the old Deeds, &c. sold originally from Ireland, juij. to F. G. Waldron, for 18^. and pur- chased of him by Mr. S. for 2I. 2s. 17 guineas. Plot of two Plays prior to the time of Shakspeare on two pasteboards, 11 /. Paradice of Dainty De- vices, 21/. 10^. 6d. ^The second folio of Shakspeare, 18 guineas, and a copy of '^ Dido *" 17 guineas. * " Tiiii) copy wa given me by Mr. Reed. Such liberality in a Collector of old Plays is at least as rare as the rarrst of our dm- niatic pieces. G. S." No. XIII. ....:.( 664 ) No. XIII. ISAAC REED, ESQ.* This very eminent Collector of Books and abia Coipmentator was born in the parish of St. Dun- stan in the West -f, where his father passed unambi- tiously through life, in the useful occupation of a baker, and had the satisfaction of witnessing the son's literary attainments ;{ with that enthusiasm which frequentlyprevails in a strong uncultivated mind. He commenced his public life very reputably, as a solicitor and conveyancer ; but for several years before his death had confined the practical part of his business to the last-mentioned branch of his profes- sion^. Placed in a situation which, above all others, is frequently the road to riches and honour, Mr. Heed's principal ambition was, to acquire a fun- damental knowledge of the jurisprudence of his Country ; and thus far he was eminently success- ful. But the Law, however alluring its prospects, had not charms sufficient to engage his whole at- tention ; he loved, he venerated, that admirable system, which, from the days of Alfred and Ca- nute, from the bold usurping Norman to the pre- sent amiable Father of his People, has been re- gularly ameliorating ; but he detested the chi- canery of which he was almost daily a witness in * I trust that I shall be excused in presenting tliis memoir of a worthy Friend in the words dictated from the heart at a period wheUj from an unfortunate accident, I was unable to read a line, or to hold a pen. 1 am aware that some Memoirs of Mr. Reed, drawn up by a gentleman who knew him wtll, were piinted in the European Magazine for February IdOS; from which a few cor- rections shall be talien in the way of Notes. t I understood, from himself, that his father resided there ; but Isaac was born in Siewart-stree^, Old Artilleiy Ground. , X Being of a delicate constitution, his earliest years were passed at home with his parents; and he was afterwards placed at a school in Streatham. . He was articled as a Clerk to Messrs. Perrott and Hodgson, eminent Attorneys ; and was afterwards an assistant to Mr. Hos- kins, a respectable BaiTister and Conveyancer ; with whom he continued about a year, and then commenced practice in cham- bers in Gray's Inn, as a Conveyancer. He has beeft heard to say, *' The practice of the Law was intolerable." many ISAAC REED, ESft. 66 S many of its professors. If ever there was a mind devoid of guile, it W2is Isaac Reed's ; and an at- tempt to make " the worse appear the better cause" would have been with him a breach of moral obligation. Hence an extensive line of business was necessarily precluded ; but he had the satisfac- tion of numbering among his clients many highly- valued friends ; and other avenues to Fame, if not to Fortune, were open to his capacious mind. His intimate knowledge of antient English Literature was unbounded. His own publications, though not very numerous, were all valuable ; and he was more satisfied with being a faithful editor, than am- bitious of being an original composer. In the year 1768, he collected into one volume, 12mo, " The Poetical Works of the Hon. Lady M[ar]y W[ortle]y M[ontagu]e." His other pub- lications were, Middleton's " Witch, a Tragi- Coomodie," a few copies only for his Friends, 1778; the Sixth Volume of Dr. Young's Works, 1778, 12mo; " Biographia Draniatica," 2 volumes, Svo, 1782, founded upon " Baker's Companion to the Playhouse :'' the biographical department of this work is the result of diligent enquiry, and his strictures on the productions of the English Drama display sound judgment and correct taste *; an im- proved edition of Dodsley's Old Plays, with Notes, 12 vols. Svo, 1780 ; Dodsley's Collection of Po- ems, with Biographical Notes, 6 vols. Svo, 1782; " The Repository : a select Collection of Fugitive Pieces of Wit and Humour, in Prose and Verse, by the most eminent Writers," 4 vols. Svo, 1777 1783 ; Pearch's Collection of Poems, with Biographical Notes, 4 volumes, Svo, I783 (which * Mr. Reed hatl occasionally interested himself in arranging and collecting materials for an impioved edition ; but, find- ing himself unequal to continue his exertions, the property of this work, before he had actually much enlarged it, was transferred to the London Booksellers ; and on Mr. Reed's strongest recommendation, the completion of it was undertaken by Mr. Stephen Jones, in whose hands it will not fail to appear before the publick with every advantage. some C66 LITEHART ANECDOTES. some have ascribed to the late George Keate, esq.); '* A complete Collection of the Cambridge Prize Poems, from their tlrst Institution, in 1750, to the present Time," 8vo, 1773; an edition of Johnson and Steevens's Siiakspeare, 10 vols. 8vo, 1785, Avhich he undertook at the request of Dr. Farmer and Mr. Steevens, the latter of whom resigning-, for this time, the office of Editor ; some short Lives of tliose English Poets who were added to Dr. Jolm- son's Collection, in 179O; the last and splendid Edition of Shakspeare, in 21 vols. 8vo, 1803, with his name prefixed ; an efJbrt which he with some difficulty was persuaded to make. So extremely averse indeed was he to appearing before the pubr Jiok, that, when he was asked, as a matter of course, to add only his initials at the end of the pre- fatory advertisement to the volume of Dr. Young, his answer was nearly in these words : " I solemnly declare, that I have such a thorough dread of put- ting my name to any publication whatever, tbisit, if 1 were placed in the alternative either of so doing or of standing in the pillory, I believe I should prefer the latter*." He was a valuable con- * Thii> was written from memory. But the following Let- ter, wliich 1 have since found, confirms the fact. "Dear Sir, " Staple-inn, [1778.] " Your note yesterday surprized me mnch, as I never had the leat idea that it would be expected that my name should be to Young ; and I was the more astonished, as you speak of the matter as one of perfect indifference. I declare 1 have such a horror of seeing my name as Author or Editor, that if I had Ihe option of standing in the pillory, or in standing formally before the publick in either of those hghts, I should find it dif- ficuh to determine v.hleh io choose. It is what I never did in my life, and what I neither can or will, let the consequence turn out as it may. As the agreement with the Bookseller wji^ as 10 him under that idea, I think he ought not to be bound by it. I will readily refund the money, the first I ever received for any literary imdertaking, at Christmas, and expect it will never be taken any notice of The Work which I have taken the most pains about, I mean Dodsley's Plays, where I inight expect some credit on the score of my industry, will not have my name to theni -. nor shall any thing else, if I ever undertake any thing more t'.\iuch i think doubtful) ; for 1 heartily detest all the squabi'Ies and palti-y tricks which are used by authors ag-uinst qjie another, and w'nlch no one who gives his name to the. ISAAC REED, ESS. 667 tributor to the Westminster Magazine from 1 773-4 to about the year 1780. The biographical articles in that Miscellany are from his pen. He became alsp very early one of tlie proprietors of the European Magazine, and was a constant contributor to it for jnany years, particularlv in the biographical and cri- tical departments. He was also an occasional volun- teer in the pages of Sylvanus Urban. So ample in- deed was his collection of literary curiosities, so ready was he in turning to them, and so thoroughly able to communicate information, that no man of character ever applied to him in vain. Even the labours of Dr. Johnson were benefited by his accuracy ; and, for the last 30 years, there has scarcely appeared any literary work in this country, of the least con- sequence, that required minutti and extensive re- search, which had not the advantage of his liberal assistance, as the grateful prefaces of a varietv of vv'riters have abundantly testified. Among the ear- liest of these was the Edition of Dr. King's Works, 177^, and the Supplement to Swift, in the same year. In botli these v/orks Mr. Nichols was most mateHally indebted to the judicious remarks of Mr. Reed, whose friendly assistance also in many in- the publick has a liglit to suppose liimself insignificant enough to be exempt from. Writing is very painful to me, and 1 do not know that I am perfectly intelligible. " I thank you very heartily for Dryden * ; it came very season- ably to fill up the taidium of a solitaiy evening. There are two or three errors in points of fact, which must be rectifier!. My illness is more stubborn than can be imagined. Isaac Reed." Tlie two following Letters are of a somewhat similar nature : " Dear Sir, " Staple-inn, Thursday, [I78I.] '' I have made some alteration in the note you desired me to look at, and wish my recollection woidd enable me to be more positive about the fact. I am certain you are safe in ascribing the poem to Croxall f- The permission you ottered me of draw- ing upon you f<)r the money 1 wanted I yesterday accepted. bhould Mr. refuse to repay you, pray let me know ; I will then wjite into tlie rountry to get some money rai.sed upon 9om(i. property I have at Chesterfield, that you may be put to no ; 'convenience. It is, I confess, what I would willingly avoid ; * See the " Select Collection of Misctilany Poems, 1T?0 ITb .'," vol. I. pp. .'.(;, IHl; vol. II. jip. 88, 'JQ. t .Uiid. vol. VII. p. 0-15. but 66S LITERARY ANECDOTES. stances contributed to render his '' Anecdotes of Mr. Bowyer," in 1782, completer than they other- but as it will be the least of two evils, I shall not hesitate about it. The illiberality of Mr. 's behaviour to nie, I believe and hope, is without a parallel in the present times. Curll himself, whatever li- berties he took with the miserable wretches who were dependant upon him, never assumed the right of affronting a person who had either character or respectability in the world 3 and I protest, upon a review of my Hfe, I know of no circumstance in it by which I have forfeited my claim to be treated with de- cency. I may, I am sure, appeal to you, whether the note I sent wall-anted an answer written by a ser\ ant, and not transmitted immediately to me, containing at the same time nothing from which I could collect a decisive reply to the request which I had made, though from the nature of it a positive answer might be expected. The ixideness and incivility of this conduct will, bow- ever, be attended with some good tome. What neither the hints of some, nor the remonstrances of other of my friends, could effect, this transaction will bring about. I will renounce the beggarly employment by which I have been too long disgracing mvself, and return to my own profession, which I am ashamed to ha\ e so much neglected. 1 confess, I am the more mortified at t'iis business, as I cannot but reSect on the very different treatment I met with from Mr. Dodsley on a similar occasion. At a time when from illness I could not proceed on his work, and v/hen, from appearances, it seemed probable that I never iiiight be able to finish it, he, without scruple, or any pitiful hesitation, advanced me the loan I asked of him ; and I do not bel'fvehe has ever repented that he behaved to me like a gentle- man. What I requested as a favour, I now will expect as a stipula- tion. I therefoi'e will not look at the work again till you have sa- tisfaction for the draft I have drawn, I am neither poor enough, nor feuffiiciently abject for such a humiHating situation as Mr. seeins to wish rue in ; and therefore he may take the aJ- tc?na*^ivD. There were other names mentioned for the honour- able task besides mine. Let him employ any of tliem. From the review I have taken of it, 1 see, 1 can get as much money in the time I must employ about it, even though I hire myself out to write for a stationer ; and if I do I cannot be more disgraced than I have been. I ought to apologize for plaguing you with this scrawl ; but I want to forget the subject of it. I. R." " Dear Sir, Staple-inn, Monday, [1787.] " I this morning in the City met Mr, Flearsley, when, to mr 'utter astonishment, he tokl me he had been informed that I was the writer of the unfavourable criticisms on his publication in the Geriileman's Magazine. How such a report can have originated I cannot conjecture. The falsehood of it you know ; and I trust wiil do nie the justice to refute it *. " After every recollection on the subject, i cannot recall to my * Mr, KeareUy was assured by nif?, that thi? was fact. J.N. niind ISAAC REED, ESa. 669 wise could possibly have been. He contributed also many useful Notes to the later Editions of Dr. Johnson's Lives of the Poets. To enumerate the thanks of the Authors whom he had assisted by his advice would be endless ; but in a Preface which I have seen, those thanks are so happily expressed that I feel a great pleasure in referring to it*. With the late Dr. Farmer, the worthy master of Emanuel College, Cambridge, he was long and in- timately acquainted, and regularly for many years spent an autumnal month with him at that pleasant seat of learning. At that period the Theatricals of Stirbitch Fair had powerful patronage in the Combina- tion-room of Emanuel, where the routine of perform- ance was regularly settled, and where the charms of the bottle were early deserted for the pleasures of the sock and buskin. In the boxes of this little theatre Dr. Farmer was the Arbiter Elegantiarum, and pre- sided with as much dignity and unaffected ease as within the walls of his own College -j-. He was re- gularly surrounded by a large party of congenial friends and able Criticks ; among whom Mr. Reed and Mr. Steevens were constantly to be found j^. The last-mentioned gentleman, it may not here im- properly be noticed, had so inviolable an attachment to Mr. Reed, that, notwithstanding a capricious- ness of temper which often led hiiri to difier from his dearest friends, and occasionally to lampoon mind that I ever wrote a Review of any kind, excc])t Jones's Isaeus, about ten years ago, in the Gentleman's Magazine [see vol. XLIX. p. 257.] If you renien^her any, pray let me know ; and- if it is not too much trouble I will thank you to tell Kears- ley every circumstance you know of my writing in the Maga- zine. I am sure there is not a syllable either there or any where else that I would not avow ; and when 1 say that, I should be sorry there was any tUij^^ that could be injurious (;ls he tells me this has been) to a ni;ui of business, who has always been represented to mc as one struggling hard for the support of a large family. If ycju will either v. rite to him, or see him, I shall hold myself much obliifed. Yours very truly, Isaac Ried." * By Mr. Ii;doe. See Gent. Mag. vol. LXXVII. p. 18. \ This I state from my own knowledge^ having been prescrit with him at the Stiibitcii Th(.atre X See pages G51. 0"5-^. them, gjO LITRiWlV ANECDOTES. them, there were three persons with whom through life he scarcely seemed to liave a shade of difference of opinion ; but those three were gentlemen with whom it was not possible for the most captious person to have differed Dr. Farmer, Mr. Tyr- whitt, and Isaac Reed. To follow Mr. Reed into the more retired scenes of private and domestic life : he was an early riser ; and, whenever the avocations of business permitted leisure, applied, in general, several hours in the morning either in study or in the arrangement of his numerous scarce tracts. His collection of books, which were chiefly English, was perhaps one of the most extensive in that kind that any private indivi- dual ever possessed ; and he had a short time be- fore his death made arrangements for disposing of a great part of it. The whole was afterwards sold by auction *. He was naturally companionable ; and fre- quently enjoyed the conversation of the table at the houses of a select circle of friends, to whom his great knowledge of men and books, and his firm but modest mode of communicating that knowledge, always rendered him highly acceptable. Exercise was to him a great source both of health and pleasure. Frequently has the compiler of this * See " Bibliotheca Reediana ; a Catalogue of the curious and extcii-ive Library of rhe late I^aac Reed, Esq. of Staple-inn^ deceas- ed. Comprchendinga mnstextrai)rdinarycollecti(jn of books inEn- glish Litcraturp, &c. ; sold by auction by Messrs. King and Lochee : INoveniber, 1S07, Svo. F;\v collections attracted greater atten- tion before, f.nd during, the sale vA' it, than did the library of Mr. lleed ; a critic and literary ciiaractcr of ver\- respectable second-rate reputation. Thepref?.ce to the Catalogue was written by the Rev. H. J.Todd. It ishrlef, iudicioius, and impressive ; giving abundant proof r;f the bibliomuniacal spirit oi" the owner of the libraiT, wh(j would appear to liave adoi)ted tlie cobler's A\el!-known ex- ample of applying one room to ahmost e^cl'y dome-jtic yjurpose : for Reed made his library ' liis parlour, kitchen, and hall." A b)'ave and enxiablc spirit this! and, in truth, what is comparable with it? Mr. Reed's portrait is prefixed to the Catalog-ue^ it is an indifferently stippled scrapir,g, cop/ied from a fine mellow mezzotint, from the characteri.stic pencil of Rommey. This latter k a private plate,, aau, asiuch, is rare," Bibliomania, p. 690. article . ' ISAAir REED, Esa. Bfl atticle* enjoyed a twelve miles walk to partake with him ill the hospitalities of Mr. Gough at Enfield, and the luxury of examining with perfect ease the rarer parts of an uncommonly rich topographical library. But the most intimate of his friends was the friend of human kind at large, the mild, bene- volent Daniel Braithwaite, esq. late comptroller of the Foreign Post-office, who has frequently beguiled him into an agreeable saunter of near 20 miles to his delightful retreat in the pleasant village of Amwell, where he was always as happy and as much at home as Dr. Johnson was at Mr. Thrale's at Streatham. With Mr. Bindley, senior Commissioner of the Stamp-office, whose skill and taste in collecting rare and valuable articles in Literature were so congenial to his own, Mr. Reed had many interchanges of reci- procal obligation. But his more immediate associates were, James Sayer, esq. of Great Ormond-street; Mr. Romney and Mr. Hay ley, the eminent Painter and Poet; William Long, esq. the celebrated Surgeon; Ed- mund Malone, esq. the great rival Commentator on * I shall add two more specimens of his fiiendly letters : " Dear Sir, Staple-mn, 12 Oct. 1782, " Understanding that a frank will be sent to you this ni2;ht, I just inclose a few lines, to inform you tiiat I received a letter from Mr. Steevens this n:;ornin^, in v.liich he says you were ex- pected at Camhrid^-e, and that Mr. Cole liad some curious MSS. to offer you, which he wished to confer v/iih you about in per- son f. If your arrangements are not finally made, perhaps you may contrive to return that way J. If you do not, suppose you write to Mr, Cole \i\mn the subject, liis health is so precarious that it will be hazardous to lose any time ; and therefore I th(night it worth while to send you the hint. I wish you all possible enjoyment of the countiy. I. R," " Drar Sir, " Staplc-mn, Saturday MoTning, March 1, 1788. " The newspapers have just infornic.i me of the sad circum- stance which has hrqjpeucd ia your faniiiy . I sincerely take a part in your ciistre^s ; and though I am sensible nothing but time can afford you comfort, I cannot help expressing my wish that I could be of any use to you at this moment. Be assured that if I can assist you in any manner, vou have only to com- mand me. I am, dear Sir^ yours very truly, I. R," f On the subject of Browne Willis's Buckinghamshire MSS. See vol. Vi. pp. 199 5U-. t 1 V'^j then on au t-xcuriiun in Leicestershire. S Se Gat. Mag. 178!j, vol. LVIII. 27>i( Shakspeare ; 673 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Shakspeare ; J. P. Kemble, esq. not only an excel- lent Critick and Collector of dramatic curiosities, but himself (perhaps with the exception of his Sister only) the best living exemplar of Shakspeare's text ; the Rev. H. J. Todd, the illustrator of Milton and Spenser, to whom he left a legacy for his trouble in superintending the sale of his hbrary; Francis New- bery, esq. of Heathfield, co. Sussex ; Richard Sharp, esq. M. P. for Castle Rising; and George Nicol, esq. the judicious purveyor ofMiterary curiosities for the King. Some of these gentlemen were members of a select dining-club, of which he had from its origin been the President. On the bed of pain and anguish, another of his oldest friends (though unable to hold a pen) feels a soothing satisfaction in dictating this last tribute of respect to so exemplary a character. He died Jan. 5, 1807, at his chambers in Staple-inn, of which honourable Society he had long been one of the antients, worn out by natural debility, which for the last two or three years had rendered his hands unable to do their office_, though his mind retained its original firmness *. Mr. Reed left considerable property to some rela- tions, and small pecuniary remembrances to most of his friends -f-. J. N. * His remains were interred at Amwell, agreeably to his own request, on Tuesday the 13th of January, attended by Mr. Braithwaite, Thomas Green, esq. and George Nicol, esq. ; and his relations, Mr. Aubrey Joseph Lum and Mr. Robert Lum. See the article in the European Magazine already referred to. t See a co})y of Mr. Reed's will, with Twelve Codicils, in the Monthly Mirror, 1807, p. 130. The fii-st of these Codicils con- tains only, " I give to Mr. John Nichols, Printer, two guineas." The third, " I revoke the legacy given to John Nichols. I. R,. See additional codicil, dated 7th August 1799. I. R." No co- dicil, however, of sv.ch date appears ; nor am 1 conscious of ever Iiaving given him tiie slightest offence, i ha\e, therefore, every reason to behcie that he intended to have augmented the legacy. END OF THE SECOND VOLUME. N1CH0X.S and Son, Friutcfs, Kcd Lion Tassage, Fket Street, Loudoo. ( e/3 ) No. XIV. ADDITIONS to DR. LORT. In a former article respecting this learned and very eminent Divine, is a concise Essay, communi- cated by himself, on the Author of '' The whole Duty of Man*;"" to which, from the Collection of Mr. GougJi, I now subjoin a correspondence of Dr. Lort with Mr. Prichard-I-, a Herefordshire gentle- * See before, p. 597. And see in Gent. Mag. for April 1812, p. 314, some remarks, collected by him, on Antient Manners. t " Mr. Prichard was a gentleman of fortune at Ledbury in Herefordshire. He was a great Freethinker, and fond of com- municating his notions in all companies. He had a particular spleen to David's character, whicii he was known to have drawn at length ; and was therefoie supposed to have been the author of the Historj' of The Man after God's own Heart; but this he always denied, and I believe, justly. In 17f'3 or 4, he went into! the South of France for the recovery of his health, where he died, and wai buried, by bis ov.n desire, in consecrated ground. I saw him at Malverne Wells in 17t>l ; and, in company with INIr. Jolm Yorke, was invited to breakfast with him at his house near Ledbury, where he had an excellent garden, with every thing in great perfection. His letter to me, he says, was written by his servant 5 that is, by a woman whom others called his mistress. M. L." 1. " Sir, Tr'mitij College, Cambridge, Sept. 10, 1761. " Mr, Yoike was pleased to tell me that you had shewed him a copy of Collins's Discourse on Freethinking, in which the famous pa-sage of IdioLa' Evangelist cr, quoted by that writer, was left untran-)l:it(.d j and thciic'./ concluded, that Dr. Bentley had very unfairly triumphed over him, on a presumption of his having rendered it Idivt Evangelists. Was this really the case, I should have the most contemptible opinion of Dr. Bentley's understand- ing, as well as moi-als ; for notliing could equal tlie wickedness of so gross a misiepresentation, but the silliness of supposing it could be long undi'^cox ered. " In the copy which 1 have of Collins's book, the passage is actually tranil.it ed; and Bentley has quon-d it very fairly in his Jlemarks. But the mystery^ lyes here Collins had this book more than once re-printed abroad, though in the title-page said lo be at Ivondoi; ; and, he=id('s several considerable additions, the trans- 1,'itions of the Authors qu(;ted are in sevei'al places corrected from Dr. Bentley's Remark-, and some references are made to those Remarks. "Thi-i is a'-serted in Collins's Life in the General Dictionary, which has many ])aiti;d things in \\\i favour, liul'.-ed his moral character was iievcr,tlut 1 kno\v of, impeached by his antagonist- > Vol. II. Xx ou 6*4 LITERARY ANECDOTES. man, on a remarkable passage in Collins on " Free- thinkinfr," and the two following very handsome complimentary addresses to Dr. Lort, by young Stu- dents who have since most highly distinguished themselves in the Republic of Letters : "Reverendo Doctissimoque Viro Michaeli Lort, S. T. B. hujusce Collegii e Senioribu^ Sociis, et Maecenati suo quamplurimum colendo. t^um sacras hasce, Vir spectatissime, intueor aedes, loci rehgionem, quotque qualesque et nunc et olim optimis feliciter inclaruere studiis, animus mihi se quadantenus subducit, et ingenii, ut ut sint exigua^, vires quasi retrndit suas. Spe tamem benignitatis tuae adducor (cujus non mediocris egeo) ut conatu in arduoeam exoratum veniam. Tu, cum Juventutem in Doctrinec ipso peregisti sinu, cam, per optimarum rerum studium dignitatem meruisti, unde Farticeps on the contrary, was well spoken of by some of tliem: yet I know not how to reconcile a shuffling management of this sort, which has, I doubt not, imposed upon others as well as you, Sir, to the strictness of such a character ; or to that love of truth, and consequently openness to conviction, which I shall ever honour A\herevt;r they are fo\md, I flatter myself that I need seek for no apology for troubling you with this ; if I did, the place from whence it is dated, to which Dr. Bentley did so nuich credit, will furnish me with a very good one. 1 cannot conclude without returning you my thanks for the civilities which you were pleased to shew at IMalverne, to. Sir, " Y(nir most obedient humble sen ant, M. Lort. *' To G. Pritchard, Esq. near Ledbury, Herefordshire." 2. " I am much obliged for the favour of your letter. Receiving information must always be agreeable to me, as I hope truth will always be the end I aim at in my enquiries. I own I am puzzled in regard to the passage oi Idiot is Evangelistis in Collins and Bent- ley, which you say is actually translated in the copy which you have of t.ollins's IJook. Before I proceed, excuse a short query ; whe- ther you do not quote from uiemory, rather than the book itself? as you term it, " tlie famous passage of Idiotce ErangeUstd';" ^vhercas, both in Collins and Bentley it is in the ablative, lUiotis I'.vungelistis'''^ I hope you will not imagine that tliis is mentioned by way of finding fault ; for i will own that I am often guilty of little inadvertencies, and who is not ? But what can be said in regard to this dillerence ? You say tliat tlie mystery lies in " Collins having his book more than once reprinted abroad, tliough iu ihe title-page said to be at Loudon ; and besides seve- DR. LORT. 675 evaseris Judicii per gravissimos Viros agendi de pree- mio, seu commodi sive honoris avidis, aeqa^ ex- optando. Verum eninivero simplici veritatis normae nihil allaboro; cum ex mea oratione nihil dignitati tuae vel subtrahi potest, vel adstrui. Liceat autem haerenti mihi in conspectum vestrum tandem ali- quando accedere, occursum non tarn reformidanti quam reverito; cui nihil magis est in votis quam tuo honestari sufFragio. Tu ne hunc animi dedigneris affectum; temeritatis absit audiam pravseque dam- natus fiducia^. *'' Sum Tibi omni obsequio devinctissimus, " GuL. L. Mansel/* ral considerable additions, the translativOns of the Authors quoted are in several places corrected from Dr. Bentley's remarks, and some references are made to those remarks." Now my book of Collins's seems to have all the signs of a tirst edition : there are no such signs as you mention j so far from it, that several crcum- stanccs plainly indicate tiic improbability of its being one of those re-printed boolcs ; as, upon examination, I find it to answer exactly in the several pages to Bentley's quotations ; which, if there iiad been several considerable additions, it could not well have done, especially as my ediiicn is in 8vo, as it was first printed, and in a large i)rifit. Then here are no places, which I can find, corrected from Dr. Bentley's Remarks (unless you sup- jiose this passage in dispute to be so), or any references made to H!iy Remarks. And ir really seems very extraordinary to suppose Mr. Collins .^honld, in tlie same year in which he published hi^ book (which was in 1713, which is likewise the date of mine), ])Lji)!i.'^'n another edition*, only to alter two words, and indeed two words (;f very little consequence, and at the same time make no other alterations, by the additions, corrections, &c. you mention, 1 hough the same reason nniEt then subiist for his making such a^ did at the time of any other edition in which you say he did so ; as Bentley's Remarks must have been then published, if Collins altered Idiot F-VdUf^clists to Iduitis J-A-angelistis in pursuance of those Remarks. ."Vnd besides, there certainly was another edition, in 12mo, printed at the Hague in this year 1713, that has those additions, &c. you mention ; so I cannot avoid rc])ea(ing, that it must seem very extraordinary that a book should be ])rinted in 1713, and various Itemarks made ui)on it by Dr. Bentley, and then immediately another edition of this book should come out with two woids only, of triding consequence, ;dtered according to those Remarks; though certainly there was another edition of liiis book the very same year published by the author with several * Is it not mo?t proLablo that Mr. Collins had the iii:le k';if only cau- celled, ill wliich the off';iitive wordi occurred?" J, h N. >>. X ^ additions. 6j6 MTERARY ANECDCITES. ** Reverendo Doctissimoque Viro Michaeli Lort, S. T. B. hujusce Collegii ^ Senioribus Socio dignissiino. " Uiiicuique profecto est aliquid quo tendit, et in quod arcuni dirigit. Varia autem hominuni sunt studia, diversi etiam mores. Qui tameii in Te una, qualiscunque sit, curam, quam potest, impendit, in pretio habetur. In Olympico certa- mine victorem palma donatum laudamus ; sed nee Musis amico sua negatur fama: illi licet sub sole additions, and several translations candidly cori'ected from those Pi.emarks. Thus, Sir, 1 must leave it to you 3 and, as I hope from your apparent candour, that Dr. Bentley's great learninfj; has not biassed you to be an implicit admirer of him, 1 will ve}i- ture to mention an answer I had fiom a worthy Dignitary of the Church, upon my mentioning this Idiutis EvangeUstia affair to him; whicii was, That nothing was too impudent for Dr. Bcnileij. And give me leave to add hat, in my life, I never read any book so pedantically affected, awkwardly \\itty, ovcrbeaiing, and scur- rilous (I cannot find epithets sufficient) as Phileleutherics Lip- micmis. I am certain I need not point out to you, Sir, the places, to prove what I say. But, if the particular fault wherewith Dr. Bentley has been charged does not belong to him, let hini be cleared 3 for I would not be willing that even the Devil him- self should be made to appear blacker than he really is. In- deed, if any thiiig comes near the Doctor's way of writing, it is a paper in the Guardian, vol. I. No. 3. which attacks tlie Autlior of the Discourse of Freethinking in a pretty kind of tragi-comic manner. If you have forgot it, let me recommend the re-perusal, as it will affiu'd an odd kind of amusement. Be pleased parti- cularly to attend to the place where p. 136 of Collins is quoted, and turn to that page. I hope this is the only book wherein people are treated with contempt for being sober icretches in their religion, and for not having fire enough to be any farther de- bauchees than merely in principle. You will excuse my freedom. I consider myself as tiamiliai'ly talking to my friend, which 1 aincerely desire you to be, for I am. Sir, " Your obliged and most obedient servant, Geo. Prich.vkd. Hope-end, near Ledbury, in Herefordshire, 22<:/ Sept. IJ61. " If you see JMr. Yorke, I beg you will present my most re- spectful compliments to him. I thought it would not be disa- greeable to have my letter copied by my servant, as I begin to tind a great defect in the steadiness of my hand. If I am faulty iii my address in the superscription, pray let me know it. G. P." 3. " SiK, Trinity College, Cambridge, October V2, 1761. I have your favour of the '22d of September, to which I should soojjer have retvirued an answer, but tliut I waited in hopes to have DR. LOHT. 677 et in pulvere; huic umbratilis sit labor. At ne vo- lenti quidem in arenam Pisaeam licuit descendere, nisi prills de moribus, de totius vitae institute, severissima habita ratione. At non mihi, stadium hoc literarium mox ingressuro, cum hellanodicis res agenda est; cum iis autem, quos oequiore animo, veniam parum cautae Juventutis erroribus daturos, et spero, et bonfido. Semper mihi honoratus erit ille dies, quo primum me hospitem accepit Musarum hocce domiciliunij cujus famam indies succrescen- have found that same edition of Collins's book which you de- scribe to be in your possession, the [)ages of which answer to those quoted by Bcntlcy in his Remarks, but in which the words Idiotis Evangelistis are untranslated. This I have not been able to procure j yet, notwithstanding, I flatter myself that I shall be able to give you farther satisfaction as to the matter in question. " My copy of the Discourse on Freethinking is in Svo, London, 1713, and contains 178 pages, which answer exactly to lientley's quotations." Page 90, lines 21 and 22 run thus: " The Hohj Gospels as written by Idiot Evangelists. " On the back of the title-page I find what follows in my own hand-writing : " The following alterations are to be found in the second edition of this book ; viz. " P. 40, after ahsolutehj necessary, the following paragraph is omitted; If a vian be under any obligation to listen to any revaf lation at all. P. 90, By Idiot Evangelists, omitted. P. 135, Though he -wm Chief Prieat. The word C/iic/" omitted. " I cannot recollect, at present, how or whence I procured these alterations; but, if they are all to be found in your copy, I think the aflair will be sufficiently cleared uj), and it will aj)pear that a new edition was printed, not indeed for the sake of altering two words only, of trifling consequence; but, of //Vree which atlected the author's credit as a Scholai", more jjerhaps than any other three words in his book. " That Collins should profit from his Adversai^'s Remarks, and alter such })assages in his book as he was convinced thereby were wrong, is so far from deserving censure, that it rather merits conunendation ; but then an honest and imjjartial searcher after truth wcnild candidly own his mistakes, or at lea>*t, in the cjilfcrent editions of hib b(Jok, would fairly tell his readers in the title-page, that it was the second, third, or fourth eJiliou revised and corrected; whereas the chicane, for I cannot call it otl\erwise, made use of by him, to conceal those circumstance, savours much more of the Jcbuit, than of the generous and real iVeetluuker. It certainly has drawn you in, Sir, very innocently 1 douln , ^73 LITERARY ANECDOTES. tern vel invita fateatur Invidia. Nusquam eiiim ant spe Doctriira? adipiscendae uberiore, aut praemiis adeptae amplioribus Juvenes commovemur. Ouod ad me attinet, nihil certe antiquius duxi, quam ut eursu (ab optima Matre Academia praescripto) stu- diorum quodammodojam peracto^ in honestissimum Imnc ordinem qui cooptarer, rae tandem aliquando dignum judicares. Nee est cur diffitear, me trepi- dam quandam titillare spem, ut meum milii depo- situm laudes pudorem, et quern non ita pridem Alumnum Domus adscripsisti, beneficii haudimm.e- morem, Socium adscribere digneris, " Sum Tui observantissimus, " Thomas Jacobus Mathias." In a drawing which I possess, an inside View of Tickencote church, Rutland, part of a beautiful set taken in 1780 by Mr. John Carter, is a full-length portrait of Dr. Lort, taken from the life, by his ex- press permission. Two Letters by Dr. Lort are printed in vol. IL . p. 590- I doubt not, to condemn Dr. Bentley for a most gross and impu- dent forgery, to which he was altogether a stranger. Of this [ am fully persuaded ; or otherwise no parts, no learning, though greater than Dr. Bcntley's, should hinder me from, ioining most heartily with you, in exposing and stigmatising such behaviour. Thus much I will own, that in this and all the other writings of the Doctor's, his great superiority of genius and learning so far engross my attenti(in and admiration, as to leave rae very little at liberty to be much afi'ected with those spots you remark in his character; which yet, 1 will agree with you, would have been nuich more perfect and eompleat without, '\^'ith regard to 1 he Guardian, tiic v irulcnce in the paper you were pleased to point out to me, though certainly not to be excused, may possibly be thus accounted for. Colhns published this book of his, when party zeal was at the highest pitch, and the High t'hurcli iiact gained the upper lir.nd pf the Low. The Autlior being well known to belong to the latter, and a gi-(>at stickler for the Hanover suc- ces>ion ; the Tories fjrescntly sounded the alarm, and represented this book as containing the real sentiments of the greatest part cf their ap.tagonists. The Whigs, on their side, disclaimed all ronnexion with a writer, who, so far from being of the Low Church, plainly discovered himself to be of none at all. Hence probably tStcele, who was at tliat time the most popular wi-itcrfor that ( 079 ) Letter of Thanks* from the University of Cam- bridge to the King of Naples, for his present of the " Antigiuities of Herculaneum-}-." " Serenissimo Principi Ferdinando, utrlusque Sicihie Hierosolymorumque Regi, Hispaniarum Infanti, &c. &c. &c. " Serenissime Rex, " Nihil nobis vel -ad honorem ornatius, vel ad studia jucundius, elegantissimo tuo munere. In quo ciim erga nostras Musas se ostendat amor tuus (cu- jus cum paterno sceptro haereditatem una creveris) tum abundant ese dehciae, quae non modo permul- cent artificio operis, sed commemoratione vetustatis, artium fortunis, fama rerum. Haec vero tarn ve- nuste, tam eleganter, tarn elaborate perfecta omnia ; tarn ad laudem Academiae tuae Imperiique gloriam ; quis miretur, qui aut de illorum splendidissimis in- geniis aut Serenissimi Patris tui liberahtate vel fando audiverit ? " Summis igitur beneficiis sibi nos devinctos ha- bet Gens tua Augustissima ; neque memoriam eo- rum delebit ulla dies, ^uin, ut eluceat omnibus tliat party, took occasion in his Guardian to declaim so often and to vehemently ae,ainst liim ; tor, besides that 3rd number, I doubt, not but that in the y, ^7, 55, 62, 70 and 77th numbeis he had Collins chiefly in his eye. " If, Sir, you should still have any doubts remaining-, and will be pleased to communicate them, I will with pleasiue endeavoui* to return a satisfactory ans\ver to them, if it should be in my power, or fairly confess my inability so to do. lam, Sir, your faitliful and obedient servant, M. LoKr.'" * Written, it is supposed, by tlie Public Orator of Cambridi^e, as it propeily falls within his province. In 17^>-, the R(:v. Joint Skynner, who died not above a twehc-m(jnth ago, held that of- fice ; which he had resigned many year* bcfurcj on ica\inu" tUo Universitv. -j .See 'vol. III. p. luG, tarn 680 LITERARY ANECDOTES. tam illustre tuae erga nos benevolentia? testimonium, sedulo cumbimus : Regiumque munus in Bibliothe- cam nostram, Regia extructam atque ornatam mu- niticentia, locabimus, tuebimur, suspiciemus. " Neque intueri sane haec ornamenta licet, quin veniat nobis in mentem, quam esset in bis studiis utraque ilia tua Sicilia clara : Quae inde pictae ta- bulae, quam pulcherrime facta simulacra, quanta signorum, gemmarum, vasorum vis disseminarent olim in Romanfi terra, quidquid elegantiae politioris ettudit. Quae si, in ilia feritate armorum, rudes atque incultos homines delenirent : si severi Con- sules atque Imperatores fasces submitti, victamque Siciliam triumphare paterentur vice sua ; quanto nos amore, in hac luce literarum, eas artes amplecta- mur, unde ornatur Historia, perlucent mores, virtu- tesque omnes vel tacitae loquuntur ? '' Quantas igitur de te spes susceperint universi, qui in Museo illo paterno jam inde a teneris educatus, ciiique gaza contigerit amplior, quam vel Medicea, Estensis, vel, multa laude foeminae, Christinae do- mus noverit ? Omnis tibi ars ingenii altricem stu- diorumque se ministram lubenter praebet: Te cla- rorum hominum ad imitationem rapiet imago om- nis : mentemque tuarn ad famam, quam contem- plaris, sensim ducet. Itaque quoties beneficum ali- quem ac benignum Regem intuearis, sicut solebat ille olim Mutinae dux Alphonsus, eorundem tecum studiorum & fortunarum Princeps, ad virtutem to- ties accendi te agnosces, Patronum litterarum gpectes ; atque lineamenta exculti animi percurras ; forsitan repatabis ipse tecum, " Haec illi studia erant, hae artes, quibus famam aeternam meruit : eo erat liberali aspectu atque vultu ; * Sic ille oculos, sic ora ferebat.' ' Tecum vero una florebunt, & similia accipicnt incrementa, tuis sub auspiciis, liberales artes. Id i-perare nos jubet Numisma illud Augusti ex auro (quod quasi jure sue sibi vendicabant Cuesarei vul- tas) LETTER TO THE KING OF NAPLES. 68 1 tus) singular! pretio atque eximia venustate. Ilia etiam * Inscriptio ad exquisitam tuam Erato, mi- nutis exarata Uteris, atque accentibus distincta, gra- tissima sit necesse eruditis omnibus ; quarum rerum setas & origo tantis usque adhuc tenebris involuta jacuerit. " Erit igitur Gentis tuee gloria, Celsissime Prin- ceps, has a ruinis vindicasse praeclaras imagines, easque non solum quasi mortuas excitasse, sed in lucem immortalem famamque protulisse. Quod ve- ro impertire eas aliis digneris, id quidem ejus est liberalitatis, quae semper ibi illustrior visa est, ubi artes floruerint maxim^. Uenique miseris his tem- poribus & luctuosis, consulere te Uteris, ciim armo- rum vis & tumultus cunctam fere Europam pei'a- graverint, omnem laudis cumulum superat : & facit, ut quas Statuas cum aliis communices, ipsi tibi po- sitae videantur. "^ Qmn preces ac vota pro salute tua Deo Omni- potenti enixe fcremus, a quo uno datur Rej^jibus, & posse, & velle, esse munificentissimis. Oui cimi exterorum Regum benevolentiam nobis conciliarit, turn, nunquam satis prcedicanda dementia, exem- plo nos domestico docuerit, quam sint instrumenta felicitatis publicee, subsidia virtutis, humanique ge- neris ornamenta. *' Sumus, ^' Rex Serenissime, ^' Omni observantije pietatisque studio, " Datce " Celsitudini tuie devinctissiini, fcSenaciilono^tro, 'aVocancellarius Calen.las Mukis " l^eliquusque Senatus I'jG'i:' '^ Academia.' Cantabrigiensis." * fPATu; No., ( 682 ) No. XV. REV. DR. ROBERT MARRHAM, a native of Cliesliire,was educated at St. Joh ii'sCoUege, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B. A. 1748, and that of M. A. 1752. He removed afterwards to Brazen-nose College, Oxford; where he was incorpo- rated, 1753; and elected a Fellow of that Society, which in 17C8 presented him to the rectory of Whitechapel. This respectable Divine, and most exemplary Parish Priest, was remarkable for affabi- lity, humanity, and suavity of manners. In 17t>8, he also took the degree of B. and D. D. He died Sept. 24, 1786 ; and was buried at Whitechapel. A Sermon was preached on the Sunday after liis interment from James i. 4, by his Curate, Mr, Rob- son, which wa-s printed at the request of the parish, but never formally published ^. * " Benevolence," say-s the Preacher, " was, I think, the basis of his character. Never man studied the happiness of his fellovv- christians more, never man laboured more to promote it. Pub- lic charities, and private miseries, fovmd in him a liberal support and ready relief. I see many, very many now before mc, M'hose grateful tongues can bear testimony to what I say, who have ta,sted of his bounty, and who have heard him wish that the quantity of his alms had been even doubled; thus enhancing the value of a beneficent action by the manner of doing it. But the benevolence of his disposition was sublimed into Christian charity. He thought no evil of any one, neither of any did he speak evil. He knew how to forgive injtu-ics, and did forgive them. Perha])s it has been the lot of few men to reckon so small a number of enemies as he did, if indeed he could reckon any. None could maltreat him, save the bmtal and the envious; but there was a lonity, a forgiveness about him, which obviated and overcame e\ en brutality and envy. For ever avei'se from strife, and stu- tlious of avoiding contention, wrath and resentment gave w;iy before his face he was indeed a peace-maker, and blessed are such. Th(i disputes wiiich molest half the worlds created no (lis- -REV. DR. MARKHAiM. 6S$ It is almost superfluous to add, that Dr. Markham stood deservedly high in the esteem of his parishioners, at whose expence an elegant monument was erected to his memory in I788, executed hy Mr. Banks, and representing Piety weeping at the tomh of Benevo- lence. The figure of Piety is very beautiful, and full of the expression of grief; it reclines against a large sarcophagus-like urn, which is taken from that of Cecilia Metella in the Campo Vaccino at Rome, disquiet in his breast. His was a tolerant spirit. He could be steady in his own opinions, without hating those who dissented from him. His principles in religious matters were strictly those of the Church of England. He did not live uj)on the revenues of a church whose tenets he could not aj){)rove of, or acquiesce in ; but, while he abhorred this ba^e temporizing practice, he knew how to gi\e their due shure of honour to those who have given up their ecclesiastical incomes that they may enjoy liberty with peace of conscience. '* But one controversy have T ever heard that he had, and that was in defence of the doctrine of tlie Holy Trinity, and the Deity of Him ' who in the beginning was with God, and was Hod.' His love for his parish was boimdless. He lived among you ^and like a faithful servant and observant follower of Christ Jesus, he went about doing good. His life was irreproachable as his doctrine was sound. He ke})t back nothing. He preached the Gospel whole and entire. He extolled not faith without works, neither did he recommend works witiiout faith. He flattered neither the sinner nor the saint. But, resting salvatiou upon these two pillars, faith and morality conjoined, he knew that his doctrine was impregnable, and urged itv^iththat eaiuest- ness Avhich a man ab^ays will do, when he knows that Iruth and he contend on one and the .same side. In the little parochial fli.^putes, which now and then oven the bc^st meaning men may fall into, he was always a moderator; the real interest of the parish wa^^ continually hi- object, and he was always happy when he could select the aclviscable mea'-ures of both parties, and, by ronibining them, gra'ify both, by the adoption of at Ica-^t the wisest part of their plans, and thus render l)oth of utility to the parish at large. E\ery one's imerest he consulted, sa\e hi:^ own. lie was contented to receive bis own rightful due<, as the law of the land and the usage of his predecessors bad settled them, and to hand them down, uninjured by fiaud or violence, to his suc- cessors. A true son, and faithful minister of the Cliunli of bJngkuuJ as he wa-, he was loyal to the Head of the Clnnch under (brist. The king had not a more dutiful or more al]e(tion;itr sultjcct, nor the con-^titution a frl*nd who revered it more \lv wa- no Tftott' u favourer of reput^iicanism, tliau he \sa.- :,'. opologirt fur uiM'l'av 684 LITERARY ANECDOTES. and is marked out for the tomb of Benevolence, by a small medallion on the pedestal exhibiting the cha- rity of the good Samaritan. The whole is supported by a tablet which receives the inscription, and is backed by a slab of grey marble, which gives a pleasing relief to the rest of the monument. absolute monarchy. He disdained to court noisy popularity by afFecting republican principles j and reverenced too much the rights of mankind, to be an advocate for despotism. He was satisfied with being a zealous and* sincere lover of his country's form of government which is the happy mean between a com- monwealth and an uncontrouled monarchy. " He was a friend to the poor, a friend to mankind, a sincere fi'iend to the Church of England, a zealous pastor of this his numerous flock, a loyal subject to his sovereign, and a rr.a i lover of his country. These are the great hues in his character j and indeed I have not trenched upon panegyric in all I have said. I have only spoken the truth. The more minute parts are jvist as amiable. As a companion, his manners were bland and easy, yet pure and unaffected. There was nothing of moroseness, notiiing of darkness in him. Chearful as a good and benevolent mind could make him, he carried his heart in his hand. He was the delight of many J the comforter of many. Polite and affable, he never wounded the feelings of any onej he never -.lid cruel, or shocking, or unpleasantly blunt things. He was an ornament to our common Christianity, truly adorning the religion which he professed. " He was a kind and an affectionate husband ; and consulted the ease, comfort, and happiness of her, who with us mourns for him, in e\ei7 thing. He was a considerate and a mild mas- tor of a family, attentive to the circumstances of his servants, imposing light services, and even in these esusily satisfied. " No man ever made a better use of the health and spirits with w hich God long blessed him ; they were employed in glory to (iod, in promoting peace on earth, and preserving good-will amongst mcni. And, when sickness overtook him, the woids of the text were continually in liia mouth: " Let patience have her perfect work." His patience \\a< perfect and entire. He submit- ted to evciy expedient which friendly, rational, and experienced medical skill could devise j submitted even when the cold hand of death was already upon him, and medicine could only palliate, not remove, his disorder. I myself was an eye-witness to his la^t moments. I myself heard his last sigh. His death was that which we might expect in so good, so gentle, so ]uous a man. He took leave of his atteiidants with a blessing. He felt no pangs o( body, he had no perturbations of mind. May we die the d-'ath nf the righteous, and vuvj our last end be like his!" *^ Sacred REV. DR. MARKHAM. 685 " Sacred to the memory of the Rev. Robert Markham, D. D. Chaplain in ordinary to his Majesty George III. and Rector of this Parish, who died Sept. 25, 17 86, aged 59 years. In testimony of the high esteem in which they held his . character as a zealous Pastor of a numerous Flock, as an earnest and orthodox Preacher of the Gospel, as a truly pious and benevolent Man, as a Peace-maker, and a spiritual Father and Friend, his Parishioners have erected this monument. The righteous shall he had in everlastlns remembrance. 112 Psalm, 6." There is a portrait of Dr. Markham, a private plate, and an excellent likeness. XVI. LETTERS of the Rev. Wm. COLE TO Dr. DUCAREL, &c. 1. "Sir, King's College, Cambridge, Feb. 4. 1750-51. " The favour of yours 1 received : and though it is out of my power to give you my thoughts upon the Baptistery at Luton in Bedfordshire, liaving ne\'er been there ; yet I am ghid I am able to give you the observations of my friend and able Antiquary, i\lr. Bh)mefield, upon that subject : though 1 could vvi^h in a more ample manner. He visited this Church about '20 or 30 years ago, and made the following remarks upon the subject of your en- quiry ; which 1 shall give you in his own words ; being j)rinted many years ago in a quarto volume^ and given by him to me -, though they have never been published. " In the South ailc, to- wards the West end, stands a fine old font, all inclosed in a chapel of free stone, of antient work, beautifully carved, and raised as high as the arch between the two pillars would j)ermit : on the top of all, is a large bason, where the consecrated water used to be kept, which was let down out of it by a pipe at the priest's plea- sure 6S6 LITERARY ANECDOTES. sure into the font. On the inside, at the top, is a representation of a vine, atiragon, and the Holy Lamb, which defends the vine from the injury of the Dragon, signifying that Baptism defends us from the Devil j and that, by the assistance of the I^mb of God, that Kvil-one shall not have power to hurt the Church (of which the vine is an emblem), but that we shall be safe under its branches." From hence you will perceive that yoiu* information was wrong as to the situation of this font, which is placed, as very connnonly they are, towards the West end of the South aile ; and not in the midst of the middle aile, which would be, as you rightly ob- serve, a very unusual situation. I am sorry, when Mr. Lethieul- lier was there with IMr. Frederick, that the draft of it was omitted : which might have rectified another disagreement in your description, where you mention a lion and a dragon in the cieling : if ever 1 should be at any tolerable distance, won't fail looking upon it myself, when I may be able to say more of it to the purpose ; but, however that n)ay be, shall by no means let slip so favourable an op])ortunity of embracing the offer of your corresj3ondence, and at the same time of assuring you of tlie j)leasure it will give to. Sir, Your most obedient humble servant^ andscholefellow, Wm. Cole." 2. " Dear Sir, Blecheley, MarchSl, 1754. " Though the arguments you make use of to encourage me to lend my assistance to the \n ork you are engaged in, are very forcible ones ; yet I have a more urging one in your favour than those of Schoolfellow and Brother Antiqiiary : I mean, my own strong natural bent and inclination to forward all works of tlie sort you are about ; where the biographical history of our king- dom is any ways concerned : and es[)eciaUy as it coincides with a favovu'ite branch of that history ; in treating of the ecclesiastic affairs and persons of your piofession, which is so blended with Church matters, as not easily to be sejiarated one from the other : for formerly the Pi'ofessors of the Civil Law were altogether in a manner Churchmen. The design you are about is quite news to me : for I don't remember you yourself ever mentioned it to me, and 1 never heard it from any other quarter: and, had I known your plan, 1 might possibly have been of further service : for I have large collections in the biographical way ; tending chiefly to the History of the Cambridge Writers : which, I suppose, I shall make veiy little use of; it being a wo)k of that compass and extent, that has utterly frightened my indolence to go on w ith : but tliese are all left at Cambridge. I am heartily glad you have undertaken a wt^ik, which, I am sure, nmst give plea- sui-e to all lovers of Antiquity and English History, and that must alscj be of use to illustiate a j)ajtlcular branch of it, hitherto un- attemptcd, in your appendix concerning the Chancellors of each Diocese. Though I have large coUeciions, as you observe, re- lating to Cambridgeshire, yet they have hitherto laid in great cunfubion: but, on your request, 1 have collected together all that relates to your subject ; and for this purpose was obliged to make an index to one book, U'hich vvuutctl one/iu order to gratify you REV. WILLIAM COIE. 68 f you with the account I shall send you ; which if it will be of any service in your laudable design, I shall be amply repaid for all my ti'ouble. The fund, from whence I diaw the materials to your purpose, is five folio volumes of extracts from the Registers of the old Bishops of Ely, which the late Bishop lent me at my leisure ; these have all very exact and minute indexes to them ; by which means I was enabled to collect from them eveiy circumstance re- lating to each person. But the great misfortune is, that the ori- ginal Registers begin no higher than 1336; and even from that time to the reign of Queen Elizabeth, when Bp. Cox's Register ends, are many hiatus's of several whole Registers, which arc ut- terly irrecoverable : so that the following account, as of all insti- tutions during that UDy.-, must consequently be very imperfect : however, it is the best we siiall be able to get, and therefore must be satisfied witii it. In the course of this affiiir, I often obserie that one and the same person at difiereut times is styled by a dif- ferent title ; as C hancellor, Conimis.sary, or Vicar Generai, and Official : and as I am unacquainted with the exact distinction of these offices (though I am persuaticd they oftentimes mean the same thing in our Registers) I have therefore sent you a more mi- nute account, giving the time sometimes when tiiey were styled by one, and sometimes by another title ; that you may ixuike the better judgment of the affair : however, if } ou had the account which I shall now send you too minute for your purpose, pray Jet me hear from you by the next post ; and I will abridge you of the trouble of reading, and myself of writing so a cry particularly ^;oncerning each person's preferment. " I beg to know in what manner you purpose to ])ublish your book, whether by the common way, or subscription ; if by the last, desire my name may be in your list. Pray inform me also, how 3'our book, which \ou read over to me, of your Tour through Normandy, goes forward ? t was in hopes to have seen that in print before this time. I shall be very glad to hear any news relating to our studies, and more })articulariy what is going forward at our Society. The list you sent me of the Ciiancellors at Eh' is a very slight one, and veiy incorrect ; but the only one I ever saw before ; I shall encrease it very considerably, and wish vou as good luck in all the other dioceses ; for I long very muc h to see such an account as you promise us. But I sliull leave no room to give you a specimen of what you may expect ; and,, \\ ish- ine: you success in your undertaking, I am, dear Sir, " Your assured friend and schulefcllow, Wm. Coli:." [In this and Eii.'-ht subseijutiif. Letters., containing b2 folio puge>\ Mr. Cole has given at len<^th Mt'uoirs of the different Chancellors.'] 3. " Dkar Sir, Blecheley, April 13, 17u4. " I am glad you prot)ose to give a minute and exact account of the Chancellors throughout Kngiciiul ; and my rciison for it is, that although an account of that smt may seem dry and tedioui? to the generality of readers ; such as diitei of their preferments and St detail ui" tneii digaiUes iu the Churtli ; yetj us Antiquaries \vnte 688 LITERARY ANECDOTES. write chiefly for those of their own taste, such particularities can never disgust them, inasmuch as it gives light into many branches of their studies, and settles, very often, many points of History and Chronology of greater importance. I have therefore been very minute in the accounts 1 send you ; and here and there have taken the liberty to mix with them some circumstances which do not absolutely regard them, no further than as they were wit- nesses : in particular, the manner of vailing of two widows*, both as it illustrates the histoiy and customs of the times spoken of, and also gives a specimen of the English language spoken at that time, and likewise of the French : not to mention it may cuit a glare of variety to a mere list of names and dates, too apt to be tedious without such a vaiiety. I must beg you to remember, that the accounts I send you are entirely taken from my collec- tions : it might be easy otherwise to enlarge the account of some of them from Newcourt and other printed authorities : which, if you desire it, I will also do for you, after I have sent you the first part, and which it will be very easy for you to add to it : I make you this otter, to take off some part of your trouble in a work that must necessarily occasion you a good deal. I am glad to hear your Tour in Normandy is likely to be printed, as it will be of so good use in fixing the dates of the building of many of our Churches in England, from the similitude of one to the other. 1 hear Dr. Rawlinson is designed to be left out in the next Council: surely a man so indefatigable in the search of Antiquity, and so deserving of the Society, very well deserves all the dis- tinctions of it ! I am sorry to hear they are so little united, and was ever of opinion that the Charter would be of disservice. I shall be obliged to you if you would pay my last year's fees, and take a receipt of our worthy Treasurer Mr. Compton, to whom also my particular compliments; and at the same time to good Mr. Vertue when you take my prints: I will order a gentleman to repay you and take them for me next week: 1 should be glad in your next to know how Mr. Vertue does, for whom I have a great value, and whom I left last year in a very declining state. But, to conclude, I am, dear Sir, " Your most assured humble servant, Wm. Cole. " I can't think of being in town at our election of Officers on St. George's day, as it happens on the day of our Archdeacon's * John de Newton was Official, June 20, 1333; and was present at the taking the veil by Catherine the widow of William Bernard, in the Con- ventual Church of the Friers Minors in Cambridffe, where the Bishop ce- lebrated mass, and afterwards gave her the mantle and ring, and received the vow of chastity from her, in the following words : " En la noun du Piere, du Fitz, & de Seinte Espirit ; Jeo Katerine Hernard, femme nad- gairs William Bernard, qui est a Dieu comandez, ottroiante la Grace de JJieu, promette conversion dc mes meo's, & face mon uvowe a Dieu, a sa doucC Miere Seinte Marie, & Seiiit Fraunceys, & as toux les Seiiitfr de Paradys, en vos Mayns, mon reverent Pier en Dieu Thomas par la Grace de Dieu Evesque de Ely, qui dc sore en avant serrai chaste de moii eorps, & seinte chastit^ garderay loialmeut ut for London to-morrow : but, as I am now in the very midst of carpenters and bricklayers, hiving an old house in part to r>^ing his Grandfather's Collectioup, all fairly WTitten, and well touiid ; 69^ LITERARY ANECDOTES, bound ; containing all the Grants and Fee-farm Rents of the Crown throjighout England, What related to Cambridgeshire I have extracted. I have seen the original books at Mr. l^owndes'i at V\'inblow : and it is indeed a most noble and useful collection." In answer to some queries by Mr. Gough, relating to his " Se- pulchral Monuments/' Mr. Cole, Jan. 25, 1774, says, " As I foresee I shall have a good deal of writing, I take room accord- in""ly, from the top of the paper. 1 have no Pedigree of Charlr ton Lord Pmvis ; hut I make no doubt but the quarter! ngs may easilv be recovered from such an one. The account of Bishop JJiaybrook I shall send you as exactly copied into my 32d volume p. 120." After a long account of that Bishop, he adds, " I will now tell you a very strange story ; although as true as truth it- self. About two months ago, not far from Totness, some work- men wei-e digging gutters in a church-yard, in order to keep the church dry. In the progress of the work, they were obliged to open many graves ; in one of which, neai- the chujch wall, they found a strong oak coffin, with a body in it, which had been deposited above foui*score years. The body was \vi'apped in a fine white sheet, which had preserved its colour and strength entire. Over the sheet was piit a tar-cloth, which was also quite sound and strong. The body itself looked as if it had not been dead more than a day : but what surprized the people was, that the limbs and joints were quite pliant, without any stiffness, and the flesh, when pressed, would rise again, as in a living crea- ture. It continued weeks exposed to the open air, and yet pre- served the piiantness of its joints, and that springiness in the fleshy parts. Some days since, a surgeon opened tlie body, and found the heart, liver, and lungs, all sound and clean : nor were there any othei- symptoms of decay, except only that the boweU were a little shriveled. The gentleman that once occupied this uncommon tabernacle of a body was, as it is thought, a Roman Catholic, and in the French service. He died abroad, and was brought over about 86 years ago, as appears by various testimo- nies of writings, &c. He had a fine estate in the parish where he was buried, and was the last of the name ; and so the estate janie into another family, or at least name. I presume he will add to the number of Romish Saints : doubtless he has as good a title as many who cut a figure in their legends. However, rhere is something very strange in the thing ; enough to exercise lite genius of the curious to account for it. Many corpses were found very near his, but all quite consumed, though buried but few years. I have a great collection of circumstances of this sort by me ; but, as I have almost tired myself with writing, I won't fatigue you or myself any longer about them ; and, wishing you many returns of the season, if not somewhat too late, I re- Ciain, dear Sir, Your very faitiiful humbie servant, Wm. Cole." XVIL ( ^^7 ) XVII. DR. YOUNG and MR. JONES. At the time I was printing the Letters of Mr. Jones in Tol. I, p. 5S5, which were communicated by a friend, it had en- tirely escaped my i-ec<)I!ection that I had (thirty years ago) trans- cribed some of them myself, and printed them in the Magazine. In the letter of Jan. 1, 1763, add, " The mismanagement too %vcll known unhappily continues, and, still more unhappily, seems to be increasing, to the grief of fi'iends, and, 1 need not say, to the ridicule of others, who are not a few. \Vhat a pity ! what a los-s ! but no advice will be taken, nor can it well be offered. Penuriousness and obstinacy are two bad things ; and a disregard to the general judgement and friendly wishes of the wiser part of mankind, another. There seems to be no hope so long as the ascendancy is so great. Enough to a friend, and to a friend only." That of April 2, 17G5, begins, "As soon as I got home, I enquired after Dr. Young, and found that he had gone through very great pains since I left him, and the pains return pretty frequently. Dr. Cotton of St. Alban's, and Dr. Yates of Hertford, meet at his house every day on consultation. But, whatever they may think of his disorder, and the probable consequences, little or nothing as yet transpires, only all that attend him constantly imagine there is little or no Lope of his doing well again. For my own part, I judged EO from the beginning. I find that opiates are frequently administered to him, I suppose to render him less sensible of hib pain. His intellects, 1 am told, are still clear ; though what effect the frequent use of opiates may by degrees have tipon him I know not. I am pretty much of his son's sen- timents as to this, viz. that those ingi'edients, if for some time longer continued, may have an ill effect ujion the brain." On the letters of Mr. Jones, which appeared in the (lentleman's ^lagazine, vol. I^ll. p. 283 j it was- remarked in vol. LIII. p. 1008, that ' they carry something of a contradiction with them. The two or three first, where he thinks the Doctor has slighted him, have something rather severe agaimt the Doctor anil the lady who kept his house, who, I thoroughly believe, lived as innocently as if they had been a hundred miles asunder. But view M)-. Jones's last letter. How wonderfully is that gen- tleman altered by the consideration of the legacy, and the notice taken of him there ! From this I conclude, that Mr. Jones had not so many virtues as the Doctor; and tjiat the first was more pettish, jealous, and fiom hi.'; temper more liable to suppose affi'onts, than the latter was inciiiieci to do an injury." Another Curre.'Ir. >.'a;vi wi-yie tl.t i*r'-K:t, j.ivi .Mi. Ay-.cvUiih couip.j!.d the I:.vi"x. nut 703 LlT^RAIlY ANECDOTES. not let any of the Northamptonshire go abroad till it i finished, which will be soon." P. 122. note 1. 13. r. " the then Curate, Mr. Scott." P. 141. Mr. Wells Egelshan), a character not unknown in the regions of politics, porter, and tobacco, was originally bred to the profession of a Printer, and worked in that busi- ness, as a Compositor, till disabled by rej)eated attacks of a for- midable gout. For some years he was employed in the service of Mr. Woodfall, father of the late Printers of " The Public Advertiser" and " Morning Chronicle," to the former of which papers the name of Egelsham appeared for some time as the ostensible publisher. Having from nature a remarkable squint, to obviate the i-ellections of others he assumed the name of " Winkey j" and jmblished a little volume of humoroua poetry in 1769, under the title of " Winkey's Whims." He was one of the founders of " the honourable society of Johns." In 1779 he was the author of "A short Sketch of English Grammar," 8vo. A great variety of his fugitive pieces are in almost all the public prints. The latter part of his life was principally supported by the profits of a very small snuff and to- bacco-shop, by the collecting of paragraphs for the Public Ad- vertiser, and by officiating occasionally as an amanuensis to the writer of this sketch to his memory. He died, overwhelmed with age, infirmities, and poverty, April 4, 1786; leaving an aged widow, who obtained a small pension from the Company of Stationers, and survived till 1811. I shall take this opportunity of noticing a few meritorious persons ; whose memory I had elsewhere endeavoured to pre- serve ; nor v,'\\\ the Header, I am confident, receive "with a disdainful smile The short and simple annals" Mr. Henry Dench, who filled with reputation each depart- ment of the naiTow circle of life which was his lot, was a good husband, and a tender father. In his profession, that of a Compositor, he was remarkably attentive and indus- trious. He died December 8, 1788, of a violent asthma, in the 50th year of his age. To say more of him, would be impertinent. Not to have said so much, would have ill accorded with the feelings of one who in llie early part of life reg-arded him as a friend, and to whom for a long series of years he was an affectionate servant. He left one infant son, who was afterwards bred to the profession of a Printer ; and to whose talents and integrity I gladly pay this tribute. To him the present volumes are indebted, not only for a considci-able share of manual labour, but for several useful literary suggestions. Mr. Satr-uel Brookes, was another Compositor, whose modest merits justify his being particularly noticed. Mild, imas.suming, and courteous in his demeanour, he constantly gave satisfaction to his employers ; and cUeeifully toiled through life, for the maintenance of a rmmerous young family, two of whom he br aught ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 70$ brought up to his own profession ; another of his children, a daughter, had the atisfection of assisting a mother-in-law, dur- ing his tedious illness of near three years, in repaying, by un- remitted tenderness, the assiduities she had experienced from him in infency. Mr. Brookes possessed an understanding of a superior cast ; and had the honour of being frequently consult- ed, a few years ago, by the Right Honovu^ble George Rose, on the completion of his favourite plan for regulating Friendly Societies j which, in many instances have proved of incalcu- lable benefit to honest and industrious individuals ; but which, unfortunately (as every thing that is excellent is liable to be per- verted) have too frequently, in the hands of artful and designing knaves, been made a stalking-horse for leading the unwaiy to unwarrantable combinations. In this instance we speak experi- mentally. He died at Pentonville, July 5, 1805, of a lingering consumption, aged 50. Mr. John Farmer, a very worthy and industrious Compositor (as were his father and grandfather of the same name), was bora in Jewin-street, and acquired the rudiments of his professioa in the office of the late Mr. Bowyer, with whom his father " long wrought," as that benevolent old gentleman particularly expresses in his will (see vol. III. p. 282); who obtained Mr. Bowyer's annuity in 1783, and died in 1786. Fojtunately for John Farmer the yo\mger, he married, several years before, a careful, hard-working woman, by whose unremitted assiduities his latter years of painful existence were rendered comparatively comfortable. So long as he was able, he diligently followed his regular employment, and closed his labours, in the office where they commenced, in the employment of the partner and succes- sor to Mr. Bowyer, who was Oiie of the most intimate compa- nions of his early days, and retained a real regard for him through life. After long confinement by a complication of disorders, of which the principal wore a severe rupture, and an inveterate dropsy which had for some time ])reventcd his cxistiiig but in an erect posture, he died, in Clerkcnweil, July 17, 1805, aged 61. Mr. John Copeland, Printer, died at Reading, in his 83d year, in July 1301. He liad worked as a pressman in the office of the Reading Mercury for 60 years, with so much assiduity, sobriety, and regularity, as to attain the name of honest John. He enjoyed n remarkably good state of health, and worked at his business, with his accustomed regularity, till within a siiort tiiue of his death. P. 141. Dr. John Savage v.as Pjtsident of the. Club at Royston, and his pictuie was in the C!ul)-room there \n 1/84. He was so imposed on in the rebuildiiijr of the zec'.ory-house at Clothall, tliat it was obliged to be rebHi!',. P. 151. Humphry Hody was of VVadhaiu Collt>i;e, 0.\ford , M. A. 1682 } B. D' 1689 ; D. D. 1692. He \v?ji ch.iphin to the Ai-ehbiiiiop of Canterbury, Regias Professor oi the Greek Tcr.gue at 704 LITERARY AJ^EC DOTES. at Oxford, and rettov of Great Cbart in Kent. He obtained tin* Archdeaconry oi Oxford in 1704 ^ and died Jan. 20, 1700. p. 165. Richard Arnald was born at London, and admitted a pensioner of Bene't College, Cambridge, under the tuition of Mr. Waller, in 1714. Afier taking the degree of B. A. being disapjwintcd of a fellowship, he removed to Emmanuel Ciill^^, Maieh 10, 1719; where he proceeded M, A. and was elected fellow June 24, 1720. He commenced B. D, seven years after, v-i the statutes of that house reijuired, and continued tbere till the society presented him to the rectory of Thurcuston. He was also prebendaiy of Femden, in the church of Lincoln. Whilst fellow (rf that college, he printed two copies of Sapphic* on the deativ of King George the First ; a Sermon preached at Bishop Storlford school-feast (where he was educated), Au- gust 3, 1/26, from Col. ii. 8 : another at the Archdeacon's Visitation at Leicester, April 22, 1737, from Deut. xxxiii. 8 ; and afterwaid published a third, under the title of " The Para- ble of the Cedar and Thistle, exemplified in the great Victory at Culloden, from 2 Kings xiv. S, 9, 1746," 4to. The first edition of his " Commentary on Wisdom" (see page 16.5) a])pcared in the year 1744 ; and the " Commentary on Ecclesiasticus" in 1748 ; and the " Commentary on Tobit, Judith, Baruch, the History of Susannah, and Bel and the Dragon, with Dissertations on the two Books of Maccabees and fisdras," and another, on the Daemon Asmoda^us, translated from Calmet, in 17-52. He died Sept. 4, 1756 ; and Cathaiine his widow, who was daughter of the Rev. John Woods, rector of Wilford near Nottingham, April 11, 1782. Their son, William Arnald, was educated at Manchester under Mr. Lawson ; took the degree of B. A. at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1766, with great credit, being high among the wran;^;'!ei-s of his year ; was elected fellow of his college 1767; became head tutor 1768; M. A. 1769; B. D. 1776 ; D. D. 1781. In 1775 he was appointed cliaplain to Bishop Hurd ; by whose kindness he became prjecentor of Lichfield; and by whose recommendation he was in 1776 appointed sub-preceptor to the Prince of Wales and Duke of York, and was rewarded with a canonvy of Windsor. In January 1782, to the unspeakable re- gret as well as surprize of all his friends, some symptoms of insa- nity unhLippiiy put a stop to any expectations of ftirther prefer- ment; and this too at a time when the highest Personage in the kingdom had cojidcscended so far to interest himself in his' welfare, as to advise him to enquire into the value of the vicarage of Twickenham, just tliea vacant by the death of Mr. Costard. This unhajipy situation of mind (which tenninated only with his death in the autumn of 1802) was for more than twenty years the cause of real grief to a numcrotis circle of friends, who, attached to him by the strongest ties of gratitude and r.ffection, admired his abilities, lo\ed the sweetness of his manners, and acknowledged the goodness of his heart. A Sermon of his, preached before the University of Cambridge, on ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. "05 on ComiYicncement Sunday, 1781, has been printed since his death, 1803, agreeably to the directions of his will. P. 166. The tablet containing Mr. Mann's epitaph was placed, some years before his death, ovei- the Chapel door, an'd covered with a blank stone, which, after his interment, was removed. He was the author of " De veris Annis D.N. Jesu Christi natali et emortuali Dissertationes dure Chronologic?e, in quibus tribus celebratissimis Vaticiniis Jacob) Patriarches Gen. xlix, 10. Esaiae vii, 16. et Angeli apud Danielem ix, 24. nova lux affunditur. In usum exteronim tarn Judaeorum quam Christianorum Latinfe rerlditse, emendata^, et auctas. A Nicholao IMann, M.-igistro Hospitalis Suttoniani fundati in Carthusi^ Londinensi, 1752," Svo. P. 196, note, 1. 16. read "He communicated to the Gentleman's Society at Spalding," &C. P. 2n]. A learned Friend observes, ''In the account of Philip Morant, I have always been led to suppose that he pro- ceeded M. A. at Oxford, and that there must have been an omission in the Gnuluate list, especially as that name did not appear among the Cambridge Graduates. But, by a letter whicti I have received from Oxford, the matter is thus cleared up. ''Philip Mourant, as spelt in the Convocation Book by himself, Pembroke College, B. A. September 21, 1721 ; A, M. of Sidney College Cambridge \7?jO." Soon after the publication of the first edition of the " Anecdotes of British Topography," Mr. Gough was favoured by Mr. Morant with the folloWina: remarks on it. "Sir, ' ^ Sept. .'S, 1769. " The Author of the History of Essex and Colchester, finding that, in your " Anecdotes of Topography," you have com- mitted several mistakes in relation to the said History, when vou might most easily have been informed, and set right by him 3 he takes tlie liberty of making these few Strictures upon your work. The Monthly Review for June hath prevented liim in several particidars. You say, p. 160, that William Holman '}nib- lished only the history of Hinrkford Hundred.' ^He did not jmb- lish any part of it. See Review ]>. 457. P. 161. 'From these valuable materials, "Ac* It was not from these materials, but chielly from Mr. Holman's roUections, that Mr. Tindal published his two Numbers. I lived then with him. Want of due ca- eouragement, especially Mr. TirKlal's being better engaged in tlie new folio edition of Rapin's History, took him from this work. As hehafl liogun it, it would h-ive been too bulky and tedious, and could not have been comprehended in less than 6 or 7 <)uarto Volumes. Ibid, note (e) A sullicient account of Mr. .Tekyll [printed after the Anecdotes, R. (i.] is given in tlie preface fo the first volume of the History of Essex. Of some of his MSS. there is an account in Cntalogus Librorum MS AnglicB. vol. \l. p. 103. under the title of Codices Viri Reverend! Johannis Ousley. Among th** lakt Mr. AnPtis's books there was a compicat '^ < r.. II. Z z cata- J06 LITERARY ANECDOTES; catalogue of Ihem, now in All-Souls College library, by wTiich it appears that many of them did no way belong to the History of Essex. The best and most valuable of Mr. Jekyll's Collections, were copies of Inqumtiones post mortem, from 27 Henry HI. to 14 Car. I. Pedigrees of the Gentry of Essex, 4 volumes. Abstract of Letters patent, from 1 Ric. HI. to 15 Jac. I. These three most valuable articles are now at Colchester. From these and all the rest of Mr. Jekyll's MSS. M. Holman had made large and fcuthful extracts, inserting wliatever was any way jnaterial undr the respective parishes of Essex. Above 400 of his MSS. of this kind are now at Colchester, in my own possession. Some of the MSS. that had belonged to Mr. Holman are in the British Musaeum, the rest have be<'n dispersed. Dr. R. Rawlinson bought the refuse of Mr. Jekyll's and Mr. Holman's MSS. (with a good Cartulary of St. Bai'tholomew's, London) for lOl, and left them to the Bodleian Library at Oxford. They were not * all those made by Mr. Holman for Essex,' as you say p, xxxivj only the refuse. As to the epitaphs, 'The costly monuments of wealth and pride !' how few of them are worth publishing ! do you judge, by perusing those of any one parish in N. Salmon, and other books of the kind. The difficult]/ with me about the publication of them is this ; either the best of them for expression, accounts of families, &c. are to be printed, or they must all be printed. If they are all printed, the world will be loaded with a great deal of trash ; as epitaphs of butchers, coach-drivers, &c. of whom nothing more is said than that they lived so many years, and died. Those in church-yaids should also be printed, as well as those in churches. And if only select ones are printed, the descendants of those butchers, &c. will complain, that their families have not had justice done them, &c. and that the work is impeifect. However, to the great comfort of admirers of epitaphs, the epitaphs of Essex most accurately taken upon the spot, with a description of the Arms round them, are all safe, and in my possession. But to have inserted and printed them in the respective jmrishes, would have swelled the work immeasurably. They will be better in a volume by themselve*, to be published by and by. How exactly the epitaphs are printed by N. Salmon, you nray judge by comparing his book p. 226, with an exact copy of Sir Geffrey Gate's. Pray for the Soicl, all ye that live in sight Of Sir GeftVey Gate the curtisse Knight, Whose W;^ff is beried here; by Goddes might He bowght the Manor of Garnets by right Of Koppeden Gentylman so he behight Of this Witnesses his Wyftand Executors, This yere and day come on his doly howrs, XXil Janu. IVICCCCLXXVI. And he leaves out part of many epitaphs. The poor man intended to have comprised the whole County in 21 numbers, for a guinea ; but how much he niitcalculated, his work shews, "^Your assertion (in Preface, p. ix.) and (in Vl;a Book p. l(j], notrt ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 7O7 note g) your surmise, of a preference of N. Salmon's History to the other lately published, must by all unprejudiced persons be reckoned false, as well as injurious. But of that let the world judge by comparing them together. P. 163, The * two original books of the affairs of the Corporation of Colchester,* were only two volumes of the Assemblies of that Corporation, which were all carefully consulted, and are often quoted in the History of Colchester. Thomas Rawlinson, esq. met with them in London, and his brother the Doctor restored them to the Corporation. Ibid. * A relation, &c. and * A true relation, &c. of the expedition of Kent, Essex, and Colchester' were one and the same book. Only this second edition by J. Pilborough had some additions at the end, communicated by Mr. Lufkin, myself, &c. A Plan of the town during the siege was done in a wooden cut about that time, and afterwards en- graved in copper. A veiy fine Ichnography of the town, with Views of the buildings, hath been lately executed by Sparrow, published by Jefferies. P. 16*6. Hawkwood's History is at length in the account of Sible-Hedingham. Mr. Holman had extracted all tliat related to him in his MS Collections for that parish, and among the rest out of the pamphlet. But it bore so Grub-street a title, that it would have been demeaning a serious work even to mention it. It was reprinted some years ago for Mr. Thomas Osborne. Too much indeed hath been said of that bloody homicide, for such is the true title of a mere soldier of fortune. Views of buildings, prints of tombs and monuments, and other drawings, are great ornaments and improvements in topo- graphical Works ; but so few gentlemen are willing or able to contribute them, and engraving is so excessively dear, that few Authors or Booksellers can venture upon so ruinous a charge. Sir John-Griffin Griffin hath lately given a plate of his seat of Audeley-Housc ; a print of whicli goes into the History of Essex. P. '24. In your account of I-Ic.rmnnnidas, you do not observe that his Description is illustrated witli plans of the Cities and Towns. It is in elegant Iv.itin, copied chiefly, af / bd'ieve, from Camden's Britannia, for I have not the Latin Camden to compare them together. " It would not have been amiss if you had mentioned the Registers and Cartularies belonging to Religious Houses. The Right Hon. the Earl of Hardvvick hath a very fine Curtidary of the Abbey of St. John's, Colchester, and a Register of the same. James West, esq. hath some, lliomas Astle, esq. liath a very fine Cartulary and Register of Christ Chmxh, or Trinity, within Aklgate one of BradenBtf)ke in Wiltshire, of the Priory of Worcester, Ilor- ton Priory in Kent, &c. Tlie late Mr. An^i'i had Collection? for the History of Norfolk, Yoikshire, and sevei-al other counties. No. 3'J(). of Catal. Description of !-^uti')]i<, by lloberl Reyce, No. 54.5. Collections concerning tiie (.'oiuity of Norfolk, by Vincent, and otlKirs, 2 vols. No. t7<^ 171. Parochial Antiquities of Coliton in Devonshire, No. ?P.. :5M Zil. 457- ")54. 577- L 2 " Hie- 7o8 LITERARY yVNECDOTES. History of Launceston, No. 6^1. Description of Wales^ by G. Owen, No. 203. You nientioa this last. It is a matter of no great consequence, but Bishop Nicolson always \vrit his name without an h. I remain, Sir, your humble servant, P. M." " Reverend Sir, The Authpr of the ' Anecdotes of British Topography' acknowledges the favour of the information he has received from your letter to him, dated September 5. He has the satisfaction to find you agree with him about the utility of epitaphs, by your intention of giving the world such a copious and correct edition of them with all their appurtenances. He submits it to ypii whether a list of the incumbents of the respective churches from the earliest dates to the time where Newcourt leaves off, miglit not be added to compleat the History of Essex. He leaves the world to judge of the com- parative merit of the two Histories of that County, as well as of the merit of the ' Anecdotes of British Topography.' To have inserted Registers, &c. of Religious Houses, would have been robbing,- Bishop 1 ann() rs useful Notitia, unless he could have known by your, or ally other means, into whose hands those in Mr. Anstis's possession, as well as many others, had since passed. I remain, Sir, your humble servant, tvc. R. Gough." P. 210. Mr. Jones of VVelwyn thus describes Mr. Gilbert West *: "A gentleman to whose memory I owe all the returns of grati- tude and esteem that I can possibly make, after so much friendly correspondence, freedom in conversation, and many other in- stances of his favour and regard, with which he was ])leascd to honour me to his death, and of which I might probably have made a far more advantageous use, in regard to temporal provi- sions, than I did. Let his memoiy be ever dear to me, and ever sacred to the friends of Christianity, in all succeeding ages. I shall touch but upon a veiy few articles, such as tiaiisieritiy occur to my memory : but my account, though short, shall be just. Mr. West was a person of great discernment, and of a very quick apprehension, and readily saw into men and things. He was lively and agreeable in conversation, and very umch of a gentleman in all his behaviour. I ha^e heard him say, that in his voimger days he had gone over into the quarters of Inlidelity. His uncle, the late Lord Cobhani f , did all in his power to instill such principles into his mind, and that of his cousin Lyttelton, when they paid their visits to him. But the latter, lie said, happily stood his ground, and made little or no progress in those perverse principles. When Mr. West's Treatise on the Resurrec- tion of our Lord was first advertised in the public papers, the point in the title-page being left in medio, and determining no- thing, numbers of those who had conceived an opinion of his continuing a staunch unbeliever, t>ent for it to his Bookseller, * Ii^ will be no disparatfctnent to these particulars of Mr. West, to ob- serve that they furnished some u<:eful hints to Dr. Johnson (to whom { communicated the MS.) in the new edition of his Lives. f 1 hat Noblenian left bini (soon ailer the pubUcation of his Observa- tions) a le^'acy of 1000/. honino; ADDITIONS AKD CORRECTIONS. JOg h&ping- to find their own disbelief therein confirmed. But, finding themselves disappointed, some of them were plezised afterwards to rank him in the class of Methodists, &c. Preju- dices to the last degree ! Others ranked him among the Soci- nians : directly contrary to the former. How easy to invent names ! But his time character, to my certain knowledge, was a Christian, a Scholar, and a Gentleman. And one may justly apply to him what one of the Antients said,of himself, ' My name is Catholic, my surname is Christian.' He was very regular and exemplary in family religion : ofiered up prayers (those of the Public Liturgy) every day when well, at eleven in the morning ; and then, when the weather was fair, rode out for his health. On Sundays he went to church (not to that of his own parish, but to St. James's, Dr. Clarke's church) ; and at evening ordered his servants to coine into the parlour, where he read to them the late Dr. Clarke's Sermons, and then went to prayers. He read them always himself. One thing was somewhat singular: he always said grace himself at his table, though a Clergyman happened to be present. He gave me his reasons of his own accord, and I did not disapprove them. He had an elegant little seat, in view of tiie great metropolis ; and all about it was neat. Lyttelton's'epigram to him, in 1740, contains a just cha- Kicter both of the master and of his habitation : ' To Mr. West, of VVickham. ' Fair Xatmc's sweet simplicity. With elegance relin'd. Well in thy seat, my friend, I see. But better in thy mind. To both, from courts and all their state. Eager I Hy, to prove Joys far abo\'e a Courtier's fate, Tranquillity and Lo\e.' " He bore his last illness in a very exemplary manner ; veiy patient, and entirely resigned to the divine will, &c. He had foruied an excellent design of proving the authenticity of the New Testament from many observations that had occurreil to him from time to time, which he had begun to note down ; and I remember he shewed me soiru.; valuable hints that had been conmmnicated to liimbyDr. Doddridge, jiarticularly drawn from the oonces.siops of Celsus, and otiiejs amongst the ujoro Ciirly oppo-;ers o.^" Christianity. He seemed to diliglit in that subject, and to be fully re.->uhed to |)iu-sue it, if (iod should give him opportimilirs. I iiave heard liiin expatiate u})()n it in conversa- tion wilii great cleiriiess of judgmenl and strength of argument. \V hat ht-camii at' hi-> preparatory papers upon it, since his decease, I kno'.v not; but iiavc reason to i)clieve, from wliat I have heard, triat they were soun after dr-itroyed, with many others, and per- haps all that he had left remaining upon any topics of Theology " ii.MiiK t 710 LITERARY ANECDOTES. Extrart of a Letter from Mr. West to Dr. Wilson, Feb. 3, 1753. " If you have any opportunity of writing to Dr. Leland, I beg you will return him my hearty thanks for his excellent Observa- tions on Lord Chesterfield's Letters, in which he has with great strength of argument, with the decency of a gentleman and a DTjaa of true learning, and with the candour and spirit of a Chris- tian, pulled oif ihe theatrical vizor from the vain and ostentatious Writer, display eil botl^ his malevolence and weakness, his igno- rance and inconsistency j and maintained the cause of religious liberty against this its professing and hypocritical friend, but secret and perpetual enemy. I esteem Dr. Leland's present of his books, and the commendations he has been so good as to bestow on me in it, as a very great honour ; and shall always l*emember it with pride and pleasure. I am. Sir, " Your faithful friend and servant, Gil. West." P. 217. "Extracts from Mr. Pope's Translation, corresj)onding with the Beauties of Homer, selected from the Iliad by W. FIol- well, B. D. FR.S. Chaplain in Ordinary to His Ivlajesty," were published in 2 vols. Svo. 1776- P. 219. note, 1, 3. /or Vol. V. No. XVII I. read Vol. IV. No. XX. P. 221. add, In 1750 Mr. Bowyer was appointed (with the late Sir Thomas Frankland, Bart, and others) , one of the executors of the will of his old friend Captain Linieburner ; and was requested, on this occasion, to accept a cup which !iad been given to the Captain for some signally gallant service. He polite- ly refused the otfered present; but readily took on himself the whole activepartof the trust, which hel'aithf ally executed till it was ren- dered unnecessary by an only grand-daughter's coming of age to enjoy her fortune. He accepted, however, of the Captain's carjc ; after having, through excess of delicacy, taken oiF the golden head, which he could by no means be prevailed on to keep. Thomas Limeburner, esq. a gentleman of approved bravery, and of long standing in the Royal Navy, was appointed Ca])tain of the Seahorse in July 1740 3 and on the 29th of March, 1742, being then commander of The Plymouth, he took the Galgo pri- vateer, of St. Sebastian's, of 12 guns, 12 patereros, and 140 men, which had then taken 21 English piizes. Soon after this event, he transmitted to Mr. Bowyer 4600^. to invest for him in the pub- lic funds. He was afterwards made Captain of the Fubbs yatch ; anddiedNov. 5,1750. Sir Thomas Frankland died Nov.21, 17S4. P. 222. Mr.Bladeii's sister was married first to Colonellluthven, and afterwards to Edward Hawke, Esq. a barrister of Lincoln's Iim, by whom she had Edward (afterwards the first Lord) Hawke, the brave Admiral. P. 230, note, 1. 21. for Vol. V, No. XIX. r. vol. VI. p. 468. P. 240. "Dear Bryant, St. John's, Nov. \3, 1747- " Your letter found me luckily, at my return to College, after an absence of the six summer months. I need not say how much it rejoiced me to find from it that you enjoyed your health, and liked yoru" climate. You mention nothing (and indeed from your writing seem to have nothing) of your hyp ; I believe vou left that ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 7II that with your Old Chum ; for, generally speaking, this last year I have been in low spirits, and though never to be called ill, always fancying myself so. You gave me a very indeterminate order about your Prints j however I gave directions to the Old one (who came here last week to speechify) to buy you as many as would furnish a room ; those from Vandyke are the best and cheapest I know. I desired him also to put up in the packet a Poem, much altered since you saw it, and ])ublished last March ; it met with greater success than I could have imagined, for it passed through three Impressions, though not specified on the title, and 1 am told is now out of print again. I have writ nothing since I saw you worth sending, but jerhaps my next p.iay bring you something or other. 1 shall employ the rest of my letter in giving you an account of what variation there is in the situation of myself and the rest of your friends, since you left England. As to myself, I have had the honour since I came here last to be elected by the Fellows of Pembroke into their Society ; but the Mctster, who has tlic power of a negative, has made use of it on this occasion, because he will not have an extranem when they ha\e fit persons in their own College. The Fellows say, they have a power from their Statutes indiffc' renter eligcre, er utraque Acudemia, and are going to try it with him at Common J^w, or else get the King to appoint a Visitor; if this turns out well, it will be a very lucky thing for me, and much better than a Plat, which I came hither with an intention to sit for, for they arc reckoned the best Fellowships in the Uni\ersity, Another tiling has happened, which there is also a probabihty may some time be of service to me ; and that is. Dr. Hen ing's removal to Canterbury, and Dr. Hutton's to Yoik ; this too may, 1 hope, affect Cayley, who had the bad luck about seven mouihi ago to be rusticated for a small riot, but I hope will now be soon admitted again. Dr. Burrell I am told, gets great reputation and business at Leicester, and has hod the foitune to perform se\eral remarkable cures. Allen has got a smnll curacy at Mitcham in Surrey, and Wood one at Biaxtead in Es-cx. Bourne has done the foolishest thing that ever a sensible man was guilty of; he made solicitations to the Duke of Devonshire for a Chaplainship to a Man of War, and is now sailed in the Ruby, in I3o-cawcn's squadron, for the J:;i>t Indies: this he did unknown to nio-,t of hit friends, and witiiout any view of other interest than the bare salaiy. t can recollect nothing particular of any body else, and am conscious tliat my Utter is not yet half long eiiough to de'^ervc carria^re to the West Indies; yet how to make it longer I don't k/iow, for what assistance political news would give me I have no great desire to tiy, antl as to litenuy, I believe, it would be very small. Warburton lias published the Old Woman's book against Dr. Rutherford, which boars a very gofxi charafter: lie has also writ a \ery remarkable Preface to it : this, with an edition of ShaksjMjare, is all that he has done. Lord l3olin;^brokc has udv.rliscd a collection of Political Tracts , 712 LITERARY ANECDOTES. , Tracts; but I suppose they will be only such as have before made their appearance in the weekly papers. Mr. Lyttelton has wrote, a letter to Mr. West on St. Paul's conversion, which also bears a very great character. I don't know any thing else worth mentioning, except that Dr. "Rutherford is taking subscriptions for his lectures (if that be). The same person is also made chaplain to the Prince, and Rothery to the Duke of Somerset, who has given Dr. Fry a great li\ ing in Yorkshire, made vacant by the Bishop of Bangor's translation. The news about poor Hooke reached me two months before yours. I had tlie melancholy employment when at Hull to condole with the family ; the sister was most remarkably affected by it. Dear Bryant, write to me by all opportunities. 1 told your brother, when I went up in March to l^ondon, and cairied his letter with me, that I should write from thence; but was prevented, which was the occasion of the mistake. Wliethcr Liadsey writ or no, I don't know; but I confess I did not. However, I will promise to be more punctual for the future. Believe me, with the utmost affection, dear Bryant, Your sincere friend, W. Mason. P. S. Direct for me to this College; and it would be better if you wrote upon it " to be left, and forwarded," with Mr. Powell ; by which means if I be in the country or at Pembroke, I shall the sooner and safer receive it, Mr. Peele and all friends desire their compliments.' P. 2.51. Add to the Letters from Mr. Vertue to Dr. Ducarel. " Dear Sik, Friday, March 15. ''I wish, amongst the numerous assembly last night,you had been atthe Society, to have heard and seen the debates and motions upon the reading of the draughts of the Charter for incorj)orating our Society, and appointing a Committee to sign a petition to be delivered to his Majesty as soon as jjossible, perhaps in a week or less time. The principal promoters or movers in this affair, besides the President, was Mr. Theobald, Mr. Webb, Sir Joseph Ayloffe, Mr. Wray, Dr. Milles, &c. Little or nothing was offered or saidjin opposition to these expensive schemes, by themembersof the first institution, and not of the Royal Society schemers. But, when the great question was put, some disputes arose about voting by proxy. At leng-th that was carrfed, being supposed that they were mostly procured to increase the number of votes one way; as when the ballot was ])ioposed and agreed to be whether a pe- tition should be presented to his Majesty, as was read, in order to obtain the confirmation of the charter, at the ccnc^jsion of the ballot stood 59 for the question, and 9 dissentient when a Committee \yas immediately a};pointed, to withdrew for half an hour, to consider and agree to name SO jiersons, including OfR- cers of the Society, to be of Council to the Society, and to be named in the Charter perso lally and the petition that is to be presented. After these nanus were settled in a room below, tliey returned to the company, and reported what had been re- solved, and the names of the 20 mem.bers. Then ordered to jjro- ceed. All this while little logard had been made of the cliarge and ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 713 and necessary expence of these extraordinaries, till Mr. Webb mentioned that all care should be taken to make the expence as moderate as could be, but money must be ready ; upon which the Treasurer, Mr.Compton, being desired to mention what money in hand that could be spared on this occasion, said one hundred, pounds then could be advanced ; but, as that was not near what was necessary, Mr.Theobald rose up, and said it would be conve- nient to think of a method of raising more, by each member paying down two guineas apiece ; and that might for the present, unless more should be absolutely wanted, be passed as other af- fairs, nem. con. ; nobody being willing to take upon them to con- test or represent publicly what they privately said or thought ; that had done without such expensive costs, and could not foresee how they could do better ; nor to what benefit it wpnld end to the advantage or knowledge of Antiquities. This hasty scrawl may be all that I can say, with my true respects, and best wishes of health, being. Sir, yours always, G. Vertue." " Sir, ' Fridai/, Feb. 8, 1750. " The enclosed letter was read last night at the Society, aad Mr. Ames intends to take an abstract of it 3 but, as you desired to have it returned to you to-day, I did not leave it with himj therefore he will take some opportunity when he calls on you. By the way, as you intend to write to Mr. North soon, who, you told me, desires umch to see those drawings of ancient arches of stone, in possession of Dean Lyttelton, I had them all last week in my possession 5 but the Dean going out of town, has taken them all back to carry with him (to return them about April or May next), excej)ting two or three, being the wooden church in Essex near Ongar, which h left, and ordered to be grav'd for the Society hereafter, when a proper vacancy admits. Last night Sir Joseph Aylotfe brought two more ancient gates from a church in Kent, curiously drawn, and also circular arches of great antiquity, much like Roman works, and most evidently prior to the elliptic arch. Mr. Drake from York was there, and he brought some drawings of Roman tesselated pavements of late discovered in that part of Yorkshire ; with some account of their being works of the Romans, &c. We had a full meeting, and several other matters too long now to insert. In haste from your always obliged i;ervant, and our compliments to Mrs. Du- carel sincerely, G. Vektue." P. 260, note, 1. 1?. rcuil " Christopher Pitt, son of Christopher Pitt, M. D. and brother of Robert Pitt, M. A." P. 279, note, ]. 3. read 172'J. P. 281. John Ho(]g=on, M. A. born in Cumberland or West- moreland, was sent to ^ueen's College, Oxford, v.here he took his master's degree July 12, \7 >('> When a <]uld, he acciden- tally fell into the fire, by which ti;e fingers of his right liand were so miserably burnt, disfigured, and lamed, that he usually wore a glove to hide them ; and wlieu he took up a pen, it was with his left hand, wiih wliich he stuck it into his riglit j a itranger therefore vo aid iu^\-c thought he could not have v.ritten at 714 LITERARY ANECDOTES. at all, but notwithstanding his misfortune he wrote a very goocf hand. At Queen's College he was much esteemed for his emi- nent parts, learning, candour, and modest deportment, by Dr. Smith, the provost. About the year 1752 he was private tutor there to the present Francis Lawson, Esq. barrister at law, and in the following year he went to reside with Philip Carteret Webb, Esq. as tutor to his son 5 in which employment he en- joyed great felicity : the well-furnished library and noble collec- tion of antient coins of Mr. Webb ivas a great resource to him, who was well versed in mathematicks, natural histoiy, and an- tiquities, and the civilities he received from l\Tr. Webb and all his family were veiy engaging to him. In 1756 he attended young Mr. Webb to Bene't College, Cambridge, where he was admitted ad eundem, and in vacation-time was frequently, with his pupil, at Busbridge, where in the intervals of giving in- struction, for which he was eminently qualified, he attended very particularly to the study of antiquity. Thus he wrote to a friend from thence, April 17, 1756 : " Though I have an rxtreme regard for Madam Flora, and have, in reality, paid my addresses to her with some warmth last summer, she has a rival here that, for the present at least, engages my wholes application ; 'tis no other than the matron Antiquity, a person.ige of .some- what a forbidding aspect at first, but whose features soften to a wonderful degree of beauty the longer you are acqiiainted with her. This venerable lady, who holds one of her rural retreats in this place, lays so many baits for me, that I can haidly steal out to an evening assignation with the other." Whilst at Busbridge, Mr. Hodgson was employed in making a c-atalogue of Mr. ^\^ebb"3 library and of his medallions, and in studying the Anglo-Saxon language, of which he pi'oposed to make himself fully master. He had served two different curacies, and in 1757 that of St. Antholin's, London, where he began collecting m hat relates to the state of English poetry from the eaiiiest times. In 1758 he was appointed one of the rectors of Codriiigton College, Barba- does, for which island he embarked in January 1759, and arh\ ed there the 9th of April. In the College he met with a worthy agreeable associate, and found the inhabitants of the island very kind and hospitable ; but the heat of the climate so disagreed with him, that, about the latter end of the year 1760, he left the island in a very bad state of health, and returning to England died on his passage. Thus was lost to the world this excellent young man, aged about 30. He was master not only of Greek and Latin, but of the Hebrew, and very well versed in French and .Spanish; had a turn to poetry, but never himself printed any thing. Some verses of his got abroad, and were printed in peri- odical publications of the time. One short poem the writer of this note remembers to ha^ e seen in a magazine, thought to be the London, which may be known by a typographical error, Elian for Elcan. Another, an Epistle to a Friend, tlie writer has^ but at present it is mislaid. The 27th of May, 1756, Mr. Hodg- son was elected a member of the Society of Antiquaries, and ia vol. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 7I5 vol. II. p. 4% of the Archaeolagia, is a dissertation written by him on an ancient ComeKan, which with difficulty he was persuaded to suffer being read there ; such was the modesty of this valuable young man, this mild and unaffected scholar, to whose amiable character the author of this note laments that he cannot do greater justice, and will, therefore, conclude it with part of Pope's epitaph on Gay, the following lines being equally appli* cable to one as the other : " Of manners gentle, of affections mild ; In wit, a man j simplicity, a child." For the credit of Mr.Hodgson it should be obser%'ed,that Clotwor- tliy the first Earl of Massareene, when he removed from Oxford to Bene't College, Cambridge, 17^8, brought with him fM* tutCwc- a very different kind of personage, one Seth Pollard of Yorkshire, who, after having taken the degree of M. A. at University Col- lege, Oxford, June 1, 175tj, proceeded ad eundem at Cambridge in 1758, was curate of Pudsey near Ledes, and died 176..; a man of an athletic constitution, whose /or^e was skill in rowiiig. P. 285. Mr. White's Three Letters were intituled, 1.; *' A Letter to a Gentlemaa dissenting from the Church of England, con- cerning the Lives of Churchmen and Dissenters," (four times printed). *2. "A Second Letter to a Gentleman dissenting from the Church of England ; wherein the great and popular Pleas of Dissenters against Communion with the Church are refuted, and reflected back upon themselves," (three editions.) 3. " The Third awl last Letter 3 wherein the Design of the second is far- ther pursued and completed. With an Appendix, containing some Consklerations on the Lawfulness, Expediency, and Ne- cessity of requiring all who are to be admittetl to the Ministn-, or to any Ecclesiastical Preferment in the Church of England, or to be Preachers or Teachers in any Dissenting Congregations, to subscribe the Articles of Faith and Religion j and potting forth the Inconsistencies between the notorious Practices of Dissenter.'*, and the avowed Principles of many of them touching that mat- ter," (three editions). P. 311. In June 1741, Dr. Armstrong solicited Dr. BirchV. recommendation to Dr. Mead, that he might be appointed physician to the forces then going to the West Indies ; and in 1753 Dr. Theobald auem ]\I\isri ii.Lscfnteni F)cu5qut Arcitenens studiosiori Fmxere cihu ! Plectripotens modi-3 Fe^itivinriscarminis, agmlne Clarum triumphato rebelli, ToUe Duccm, au-piciis paternis Cainpo? 71^ LITERARY ANECDOTEf. Campos volantem per Caledonios, (Alc3 minister ceu Jovis) impetus Hydraeque tundentem feroces Herculeo penitus vigore. lo Triumphe ! Ssdva Britannia Sui^ente dicat sole, cadenteque : Plausus pavimentum sacratum Donee ovans fcriat polorum." 2. '' Docte cui Polyhymnia Perblandum dederat tendere barbiton ! O multumque Poeticis, Et multum Medicis splendide dotibus \ Nomen materia tuum Capta ecce ! egregia Musa avide insonat ; Lsete et per liquidum fuga Roniani volitans aera Horatii, Ter sublime rapit, poli Et fugit rutillis purpurei choris : Cous claius ubi Senex Augusttun radiis emicat aureis, Vatiim et nobilium })laga . i Ccelestis resonat fervida plausibus; ' Crescens laude nova, aetheri Tu jam sternis ovans sidereo viam; Jam jamque invidia caput Major coelicolum coetibus inseris." ' There is a mczzotinto portrait from a painting by Sir J. Rey- nolds, inscribed, "John Armstrong, M. D. The suffrage of the wise, the praise that's worth competition, is attained by sense alone, and dignity of mind." P. 31i}. Among other learned publications, Mr. Palairet was author of " Thesaurus Ellipsium Latinarum, sive vocuni qua3 in Sermone Latino suppressse indicantur, & ex prsstantissimis Auctorihus illustrantur, cum Indicibus necessariis. Auctore Ella Palairet, Reverendo in Deo Patri Joanni Bangorae Episcopo a Sacris, & in RegiS. iEde Vicario, 1760," 8vo. P. 320. " I tell Garrick, he grows wanton, like Sir Epicure Mammon, who would have for his flatterers the purest of Divines ; so he will deal with none but Doctors to furnish out his entertainments. A Doctor of Divinity ushered in Barbarossa ; a Doctor of Laws has lately restored Amphitryon : and, as J)odsley now presses him to take a Tragedy of his fashion, I advise him to insist upon the Bookseller's being previously made Doctor of Physic, at least, at Edinburgh." Di\ M'arburton to Mr. JJiirJ, Feh.7,17o7. " Garrick's portentous ode, as you truly call it, lias but one line of truth in it, which is where he calls Shaksjjcare the God of our idolatry : for sense I will not allow it ; for that which is so highly satirical, he makes the topic of his heros encomium. The Ode it=elf is below any of Cibber's. Gibber's nonsense was something like sense ; but this man's sense, whenever he deviates into it, is much more like nonsense. Bp. Warhurton to Dr.Hurd, Sept, '^I'i, I70"9. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 7I7 P. 324. The Rev, Thomas Stona, of Emanuel college, Cam- bridge j B. A. 17495 M. A. 1758; rector of Warboys, co. Huntingdon, and in the commission of the peace for that county, died August 12, 1792. He published " Remarks upon the Natural History of Religion by Mr. Hume ; with dialogues on Human Idolatry and the Christian Religion, by T, S." P, 333. Father Boscovich died in 1787 at Milan, in which University he was Professor of Astronomy. He was an honorary member of the Royal Society, and well known to the learned and ingenious. The printing of his elegant work, " De Solis ac Lunis Defectibus, &c." was undertaken by Mr. Bowyer, at the solicitation of Dr. Morton, and at the expence of Mr. Dodsley and Mr. Millar; And thus a poem " which, however important of itself to all the lovers of Astronomy, or honourable on many accounts to the British Nation, was in danger otherwise of being suppressed by disgust, or of being printed abroad," was given to the publick by means of an English press. P. 339. Edward Waring, M. D. Lucasian professor of mathe- matics, was descended fioin an ancient family at Mitton, in the parish of Fittes, co. Salop, being the eldest son of John Waring of tiiat place, by Elizabeth his wife. He was born in 1734, and after being educated at Shrewsbiuy free schools under Mr. Hotclikis, was sent, on one of Millington's exliibilions, to Magdalen college, Cambridge, where he applied himself with such assiduity to the study of mathematics, that in 1757, when he proceeded B. A. he was the senior wrangler, or most dis- tinguished graduate of the year. This honour, for the securing of which lie probably ])03tponed his first degree to the late period of his twenty-third year, led to his election, only two years afterwards, to the post of Lucasian professor. The ap- pointment of a young man, scarcely twenty-five veal's of age, and still only a bachelor of ar!s, to a chair which had been honoured by ilie names ol' Newton, Saunderson, and Harrow, gave great offence to some of the senior membeis of tlie University : by whom the talents and pretentions of the ne\v pnjfessor \'.cre severely arraigned. '1 he fast chaiJtej- of his " Miscellanea Analylica," which Mr. Waring circulated in vindication of hj scienlilic character, gave rise to a controversy of some duration. Dr. Powell, mastei- of St. John's, couunenced the attack bv a pamphlet of " Observations" upon this specimen of the professor s qualifications lV>r his oflice. Waring was defended in a verv able reply, for which he was indebted to Mr. Wilson, then an undergraduate of Peter House, afterwards Sir John Wilson, a Jutlge of the Common Pleas, and a niagLstrate justly belove.l and revered for his amiable temper, learning, honesty, and indt. pendent sjurit. In 17W), Dr. Powell wrote a defence of hi.'; Olj^ervations, and here the controveisy ended. Mr. Waring'.s detieicney of academical hon(jurs was supjilied in the same vear by the degrei; of M. A. cunfened upon him by royal mandate, and he remained in the undisturbed posscs.jon of his onice. Two years afLev.vajdi, hi;j v.ork, a part of winch liad excited 7lS LITERARY ANECDOTES. so warm a dispfiite, was published from the University press, in quarto, under the title of " Miscellanea Analytica de ^qua- tionibiis Algebraicis etCurvarum Proprietatibua," with a dedica- tion to the Duke of Newcastle, It appeal's from the title-page, that Waring \vas by this time elected a fellow of his college. Of the book itself we cannot pretend to form an opinion : so intricate and abstruse are its subjects, that it Is undei stood to have been little studied even by expert mathematicians. The author's own account of it in a work written many years after- wards, is the best we can lay befoi-e the reader : "I have myself wrote on most subjects in pure mathematics, and in these boolcs inserted nearly all the inventions of the moderns with which I was acquainted. In my prelaces I have given an history of the inventions of the different writei, and ascribed them to their respective autliors ; and likewise some account of my own. To every one of these sciences I have been able to make some additions, and in the whole, if I am not mistaken in enumerating them, somewhere between three and four hundred new pro])ositions of one kind or other, considerably more than have been given by any English writer ; and in novelty and difficulty not inferior ; I wish I could subjoin ia utility ; many more might have been added, but I never could hear of any reader in England out of Cambridge, who took the pains to read and undei'stand what I have written. But I must congratulate myself that D'Alembert, Eiiler, and Le Grange, three of the greatest men in pure mathematics of this or any other age, have since published and demonsti-ated some of the propositions contained in my Medit. Algcb. or Miscell. Analyt. the only book of mine they could have seen at that time, and D'Alembert and Le Grange mention it as a book full of excellent and interesting discoveries in Algebra} some other mathematicians have inserted some of them in their publications. The reader will excuse my saying so much, there being some particular reasons which influenced me." For his profession in life, Mr. Waring chose the study of medicine, and proceeded a doctor in that faculty in 17C7. In ITri, he appears in the list of physicians to Addenbrooke's hosj)ital in Cambridge : and about this time practised in the neighbouring town of St. Ives. But though he followed this pursuit with his characteristical assiduity, and attended lectures and hospitals in London, he never enjoyed extensive practice. Of this he was the less careful, as, in addition to the emoluments, which are considerable, of his professorship, be possessed a very handsome j)atrimonial fortune, while his fa\ourite science supplied him with an inexhaustible fund of amusement and occupation. In 1776, he entered into a matrimonial connexion with Miss Maiy Oswell, sister of Mr. William Oswell, a respect- able draper in Shrewsbury, and not many years afternards retired from the Univei-sity, first to a Louse in Shre\vsbury, and at length to his own estate at Plealey, near Ponttsbury. The mathematical enquiries which had occupied so Iar*ye a portion of ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 7I9 of his early life, he still continued to cultivate with undiminished diligence; and he also occasionaUy indulged in philosophical excursions of a more popular and intelUgible class. The result of these he collected in a volume printed at Cambridge, in 1794, with the title of "An Essay on the Principles of Human Knowledge." Under this comprehensive title are contained his opinions on a great variety of subjects. But this book, in the front of which he designates himself as fellow of the Royal Society of London, and of those of Bologna and Gottin- gen, was never published. Thus passed the even tenour of Dr. VVaring's life, interrupted occasionally by a visit to the Board of Longitude, in London, of which he was a member, and from which he always returned with an increased relish for his country i-etreat at Plealey : and here he might have promised himself many years of life and health, when his career was terminated by a short illness, produced by a violent cold caught in superintending some additions which he was maldng to his house. He died on the 15th of August, 1798, in the 64th year of his age. We shall sum up this sketch of the life of Dn Waring, with the concluding words of his work lost mentioned, which contain a just and pleasing specimen of his genuine piety and unfeigned humility. "Should it please Providence to deprive me of the use of my faculties, may I submit with humble resignation ! May 1 for the future lead a life better in practice, and more fervent in devotion to the Supreme Being ; and may God grant me his grace here, and pardon for my sins, when the trumpet of the great Archangel shall summon me to life again, and to judgment !" P. 339. The Memoirs of Mr. Stillingfieet (here promised) havp since been published by Mr. Archdeacon Coxe, under the title ot "The Literary Life and Select Works of Benjamin Stillingfieet, esq."in three handsomeoctavovolumesjillustrated \vith plates; and, by the friendly perniission of the Editor, I am enabled to present. the portrait of Mr. Stillingfleet to my Readers ; referring them. for a rich treat, to the very excellent " Literary Life," which forms an entire volume of Mr. Coxe's publication : fioin which, however, I shall copy an appropriate inscription j)iac(Hi on a monument in St. James's church by his great-nephew : " Infrii sepultus jacet Bf.njaminus Stillingfleet, cui delectationem perpetuam attulere Scientiy, et jucundius factae, quod omnibus studiis praefuit Keligio. Ex avo eruditissimo Edvardo Stillingfleet, Vigorniae Episcojx), Litterarum amorem, et fidei Christianae venerationem hausit. Excessit 15 die Decem. A. D. 1771 ; natus annus Gi), Exceilentissimi viii Proavimcuii sni menioria; hoc marmor consecravit Edvardus-Hawke Locker." P. 351. '" Dr. Herring, Preacher at Lincoln's Inn (afl(>rwanls Abp. of Canterbury), was generally admired for his excellent 7naiiner of preiiching in that Chapel ; wliich, by the wav, lu- inul I'jiini-d 720 LITERARY ANECDOTES. learned from Bp. Fleetwood, whose domestic chaplain he had been. One of his auditors, being; chaimed with his eloquence, said of him to a friend, that he was a second Tillotson. Another 60on after said to the same gentleman, He is art Avian, He is aii Arian. This latter auditor (\n ould ypii believe it ? on second thoughts, why not the more easily believe itr) was the famous Hutcheson, author of the ' Principia,* &c.^ See the different turns of men's minds. The orte candid : the other rigid. The one an humble hearer : the other a snarling controvertist. In scirpo nodum qtneritans. Flectere si nequeat snperos, Acheronta movehit. "Etoughtold me, that, waiting upon his Grace about the time tliat Dr. Ellis was promoted to the sec of St. David's, and (accord- ing to his former freedom) objecting to that promotion, as de- trimental to Liberty, &c. the Archbishop told him, that it was judged adviseable, as the stick had been bent rather too far on the side of liiberty, to give it now, in some proper measure, a bent towards the contraiy side, &c. The King had also desired the Metroj)olitan, that the evening of his days might not be dis- quieted by Chiu'ch-affaii-s. And his Grace pi'omiscd to use his best endeavours to make all things easy." Mr. Jones ofM'elwrjn.MS. P. 351. Mr. Herring, brother to the Archbishop, died at Ken- sington, April 6, 1774. P. 35.5. Mr. Caslon was born at Cradlcy, a laige hamlet of Hales-Owen (the whole town and borough of which are ia Shropshire), about two miles distant from it, and situated in Worcestershire, near Stourbridge. P. 356. Mr. Caslon's fiist residence was in Vine-street in the Minories, where one considerable branch of his employ- ment was to make tools for the book-binders and for the chasing of silver plate. Whilst he was engaged in this employ- ment, the elder Mr. Bowyer accidentally saw in the shop of Mr. Daniel Browne, bookseller, near Temi)le-Bar, the lettering of a book xmcomnionly neat ; and inquiring who the artist was by whom the letters were made, Mr. Caslon was introduced to his acquaintance, and was taken by him to Mr. James's foimdciy in Bartholomew Close. Caslon had never before that time seen any part of the business ; and being asked by his friend if he thought' he could undertake to cut types, he requested a single day to consider the matter, and then replied he had no doubt but he could. From this answer M)-. Bowyer lent him 2001. Mr. Bettenhara lent the same sum, and Mr. W^atts lOOZ. ; and by that assistance our ingenious artist applied himself assiduously to his new pursuit, and was eminently successful. The three ])rinters abovementioned were of course his constant customers. It appears by Ged's " Narrative of his Sclu^nie for Block-printing," that so early as 1730 " he had eclipsed his competitors in the art of letter-founding ; but found more difficulty than he appre- hended in an attempt to make plates for block-printing." In the Universal Magazine for June ] 750, is a good view of Mr. Caslon 's ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 721 Caslon's work-shop in Chisvvell-street, with portraits of six of his workmen *. Mr. Caslon was three times married. The name of his second wife was Longman ; of the third. Waters j and with eacli of these two ladies he had a good fortune. The abilities of his son WiUiam appeared to great advantage in a specimen of tyyjes of the learned languages in 1748. His younger son, Mr. Thomas Caslon, was Master of the Stationers' Company in 1782; and died March 29, 17S3. fil,lliam Ged, an ingenious artist, was a goldsmith in Edinburgh, and made his inij)rovement in the art of printing in 1725. The in- vention was simply this. Frcnn any types of Greek or Roman, or any other character, he formed a plate for every page or sheet, of a book, from which he prmted, instead of using a type for every letter, as is done in the common way. This was first practised, but on blocks (,'f wood, by the Chinese and Japonese, and pursued in the first essays of Coster, Guttenberg, and Faust, the European Inventors of the present art. " This improvement," says Jameb Ged, is pi inci})ally considerable in three most important articles; viz. " expence, correctness, beauty, and uniformity." But these improvements were contro\eited by Mr. Mores and others. In July 1729, William Ged entered into partnership with WiUiam Fen)ier, a Londt)n Stationer, Vvho was to have half the pro- fits, in consideration of his advancing all tlie money requisite. To supply this, Mr. John James, then an Architect at Greenwich (who built Sir Gregory Page's house, Bloomsbury Church, &c.) was taken into the scheme ; and afterwards his brother f , Mr. Thomas James, a Founder, and James Ged, the inventor's son. In 1730 tliese partners apj)l)ed to the University of Cambridge for printing Bibles and Common Prayer Books by blocks instead of single types, and, in consequence, a lease was sealed to them Ai)ril 23, 1731. In their attempt, they sunk a large sum of money, and finished only two Pra3-er-books ; so that it was forced to be relinquibhed, and the lease was given up in 1738. Ged inij)utl his disappointment to the villainy of the press- men anil the ill-treatment of his partners (which he specifies at large), ])articularly Fenner, whom John James and he were advi.srd to jjrosecute, but declined it. He returned to Scotland in 1733, and had no redress. He there, however, set about Sallust, which he printed at FZdinburgh in 173G, ]2mo. Fenner ect of all who were acquainted with him. IL was his happiness to jiass the greater part of his life with those whose names will be revered by posterity ; by most of whom he was loved as much for the viitues of \\\i heart, as he was admired on account of his excellent writings. After a life spent in the exercise of eveiy social duty, he fell a martyr to the gout, at the house of a friend, in the year 17(J4, when he had nearly arrived at the age of 6"! 3'ears." He was buried in tlie Abbey church- yai'd at Durham, where his toinb is thus inscribed j "If you have any respect for uncommon Industry and Merit, regard this place, in which are deposited the Remains of Mr. Robert Dodsley : who, as an Author, raised himself ^uch above what could have been expectecj from one in his rank of life, and without a learned education ; and who, as a Man, was scarce exceeded by any in Integrity of Heart, and Purity of Manners and Convei-sation. He left this'life for a better, Sept. "25, 1764 in the (jlst yeai- of his age." For further particulars of \\\\ Robert Dodsley, see the Life of him piite sweetness of manneis, were greatly excelled by those truly Christian irraces, Humanity evi'r ready to assist the dis- tre-sed, constant and extensive Charity to the jioor, and un- bounded Benevolence to all. He died Augur^t '20th, \'Hi'6, in the 70th year of his age. P. ?'i'A. Dr. John Chibhe'i medical iiecpiirements had deser\edly obtained for him the highest e^t(>em ol' the publick, and his moral and social character the ati'ectio.i oi' a large ciicle of acquaintance. Jle (li<:d at Ipswich, in .June IMl, in ;ii- 71>t year. P. 371)." Dr. F^ancaster \\a- tin- autiior of a vi ly elegant " Kisay on Dclicac\," printed in D<"i-le\'s Collection of l^roie Piece>, in two volumes r2mo. He "-u-. in a MS letter to the Rev. ])r. Chiu'lett, "1 never heard l-^nv'i-'i i'liuters hlanial so much for .; .V 2 ai)y 724 tlTEAARY ANECDOTES. any thing, as for their paper s being too white, I have found bf exi)erience, that eyes are very good things ; and yet I will not say that 1 found it out first ; for they say old Friar Bacon knew it, and even some Antedihivians hvcd k)ng enough to discover it. Now brown ])aper preserves the eye better than white ; and for that reason the wise Chinese write on brown. So the /Egyptians, so Aldus and Stephens printed, and on such paper (xr velluni are ohl MSS, written : and when authors and readers agree to be wiser, we shall avoid printing on a glaring white paper. The completest specimen of excellent Typography, in every respect^ is the Louvre Thomas a Kempis, folio," P. 379. "John Hill, M.D. an extraordinary genius, son to a cler- gyman in \\'ales, bound apprentice to an apothecary in Westmin- ster ; but when out of his time, not having sedateness enough for that business, he tried his abilities ou the Stage, in the character of the Apothecary in Romeo and Juliet, and in the Ghost in Hamlet. But, not succeeding ou the Stage, he em])loyed himself in collecting IIoTtl Sicci, or dried plants, for gentlemen ; and afterwards turned Author, He wrote, and for a long time continued, a News-paper called the Inspector, which was well received, till his own vanity pro- claimed the Author J then he got into personal disputes, and ruined the paper. A very skilful Botanist ; and has written 3 vols, fol. of Natural History of Animals, Plants, and Fossils, well received. He was forbid Chelsea garden for making too free with it. He published a System of Husbandry, comj)iled from others, and a System of Gardening, both in folio. A Naval History, not esteemed. A Gardener s Calendar, 8\ o. Several books vinder fictitious names; as. Travels to the East, '2 vols. Svo, Conduct of a married State, by Lady Juliana Seymour, &c. Pamj)hlets, many on subjects for and against Canning, 8iv. Novels, serious some sensible, some otherwise. A Proteus in his publications: not very commendable in his moral conduct. Against Lord Bolingbroke in 4to. Lucina sine concubitu trash. Economy of human Life, second part, sensible and well-written. He is of all men I ever knew so mixed a character, none but himself can be his parallel " alieni appetens, sui profusus" in a chariot one month, in jail the next for debt ; but the virtues of Sage, Honey, Valerian, and Bardana, made into essences, may now keep up the four wheels." Mr. J. H'histun, MS. P, 380. Mr. James White, who was afterwards an eminent schoolmaster at Dublin, died within these few months. P. 390. Charles Daubuz, a learned and worthy French Divine, was born about 1070, and died about 1740. He came over here, when the Edict of Nantes was re\'oked, and had some preferment given hhn, was well esteemed, and wrote " Pro Testimonio Joseph! de Jesu Christo, contra Tan. Fabrum et alios. London, I70O." Svo. He published also a " Commentary on the Revelation of St. John," in folio, 1712. His son was a clergyman, beneficed in Yorkshire, near Ferry- bridge. A studious man, and who lived in an obscurity he chose, and died about 1752^ 1 tliiukj a bachelor, Mr, Duubuz, aji eniiuent ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 725 eminent Merchant in London, is descended from the first of these, Mr. J. Whiston, MS. P. 398, The full title of Mr. Stackhouse's publication was, f' \ New History of the Bible, from the Be^nning of the World, to the Establishment of Christianity : with Answers to most of the controverted Questions j Dissertations upon the most remarkable Passa2:es ; and a Connexion of pr )phane History, alJ along. To which are added, Notes explaining difficult Texts, rectifying Mistranslations, and reconciling seeming Contra- dictions. By Thomas Stackhouse, A. M. Vicar of Beenham in Berkshire, Author of ' The complete Body of Divinity, &c.* It was announced by the following circular Letter ; "Sir, I have at length quite finished my History of the Holy Bible : a Work that has cost me an infinite deal of pains and application to write, and no small expence of money to print ; but this I have for my comfort, and in some measure the reward of my labour, that it has been received with the ap- probation and encouragement of many learned and eminent personages both in Church and State ; and, if jt finds the same kind reception with you (whose judgment in compositions of this kind I have frequently experienced). Id ego me Palmarium ducam, shall think myself still more happy and still more obliged to be. Sir, Your most devoted servant, T. Stackhouse. N. B. The Work here mentioned is sold at Mr. Austen's at the Angel and Bible in St. Paul's Church-yard, London, and by most other Booksellers." Mr. Stackhouse published, in October 1725, "A new Transla-f tlon of Drelincourt's Consolations againyt the Fear of Death; done from the last Edition of the Fiench Original, with many Improvements throughout ; the Translation akeady extant being ii very mean and defective Performance." P. 404. Mr. Abraham Portal was the sn of the Rev. William Portal, rector of South Fambridge, Essex, 1734, vicar of St. Helen, Abingdon, 1757; who died >ej)t 13, 17G8. Mr. Abraham Portal, it is believed, was the autiior of "A Letter to David Gar- rick, esq. occasioned bv the intended representation of The Minor at the Theatre Roval in Drury Lane, 1/60,' 8vo ; a pamphlet of 48 pages, to which the initials A. P- are affixed. He married Miss Bedwell of Ai)ing(lon, June 19, 1758 ; and was Bometime a silversmith on Liidgate-hill, in partnership with Mr. H. Gearing, where they lUiled in 1770. P. 433. Dr. Ovven^ widow (daughtiT of Dr. Butts, Bishop of Ely,) died at Bromley C'i)llei;e, June 18, 1801. P. 435, note, 1. 1:!. r. " 17S. a \ejy sensible and ingenious gen- tleman, succeeded Dr. I n vor in the Bi^lioprick of St. David's, where he did his duiv in an exemplary manner. He was an acute reasoner, an atllcling preaelKr, and a good man. About lT3f* he |iubli.~h<"l " A Plea for ihe Sairainental Test," in 4to, when ihe Dissenters petilioncd to have it taken olK He was of ^.n amiable tenijier, but thought the lilcelesiastie il Goveinnient oust besuppoj ttd bv the Civil. I'owcr," Mr. J. li h.oiton, MS. V 72(J LITERARY ANECDOTES. P. 459. Monsieur Rene I. a Butte, who taught the Vtenth language in the University of Cambridge moi'e than 40 years, was introduced tiiere by Dr. Conyers MUldleton; and acquired much credit by publisliing a French Grammar, with an analysis relative to that subject. He was a na- tive of Angers, in Anjou, and brought up a Printer, in. which he excelled. On leaving Fiance, he worked in several respectable Printing-offices in London, particidarly with the late Mr. Bowycr, and solely composed that vahiable work of Gardiner's, " Tables of Logarithms." He went to Cambridge with the well-known Robert Walker (of FIcet-lane, or Old Bai'ey) and Thomas James, Printers, when tliey first set up printing a weekly news-paper in that town ; and, to establish the sale of it, they printed, in octavo. Lord Clarendon's " History of the Great Rebellion," and Bc)yeis " History of Queen Anne," with neat cuts, &c. which they gave gratis, a iheet a week, in the news-pajiers they distribtited. M. La Butte married Mrs. Mary Gro^e.s, uf Cambridge j and was possesseil of a very c'ood estate near Ely, and of money in the funds, all obtained by his great intlustiy and cai'e. He died at his house in All Saints' Churchyard, April 13, 1*90, at the age of 78. He left the greater part of his fuitime to Iu.t wife ; and at the time of his death he had a nephew and niece in France. . P. 471. The Rev. Samuel Cane was son of Thomas Carte, clothier of Coventry, where he was born Oct, 21, lCo2 ; and instructed in grammar-learning in the free-school there j became a member of Magdalen College, Oxford., in 1(>G9 j and was jnatrictdared at the same time into the University, where he took the degrees in arts, that of B. A. IG72 ; M, A. 1675, In the Oxford Catalogue of Graduates, liis name is sjielt Chart, though in the matrieulus it is spelt right. He received deacon'a orders from the bishop of Liclilield and Coventry, at Eccleshall, iSeptember 2 1 , lfi73 ; ])riest's from the bishop of London, at 6t James's Chapel, June 10, 1677} was collated by the bishop of Lichfield and Coventry to the prebend of Tachbrook in the Cathedral Chmxh of Lichfield, into which he was installed September 30, lG8'2j presented by Sir John Bridgeman, of Castle Bromwich, to the vicarage of Clifton upon Dunmore, to which he was instituted March 26", 16S4, and inducted Mai-ch 28, where he lived till 1691 ; \s\\tr\, for tlie better education of his children, he became Ma.'ter of the fi-ee-sehool at Coventry j collated by the bishop of Licldield and Co^ entry to the viciirage of Dunchurch, in the county of Warwick, Jul) 2, 1 ;97> inducted Juh 30 ; presented by the Lord Chancellor to the rectorv' of Eastwell, in the comity of Leicester, instituted Jan. 7, and inducted Jan. 21, ] 698-95 and in the beginning of 1700 he was presented by the Lord Chancellor to the vicarage of St. Martin's in Leicester, which depending on v(;luiitary contributions, he held it without institution tilfthe vear 1712, when a person surreptitiously obtained from the Lord Chancellor a presentation to it 3 but bemg deterred by the aliections of tiie palish- ADDITIONS AND CORRECtlONS. 727 pafishloners from prosecuting it, Mr. Carte was again presented to it, instituted Nov. 21, and inducted Nov. 28, 1712. Tliia latter living Dr. Kippis (in the Biograjjhia Britannica) er- roneously supposes that he resigned on tjie accession of King George the First, as he is supposeting niv ehiichcn. 'Iiii> I oil', i i! youi I/Jidship's con^ideralioj), hunilnv re(jU(stir:g voui ciju ii.iiae assistance to the fatherless and widcw, V\ iih iiunihle i\ui\ ^ud ervlee to my l.ady, 1 ren\ain, in all obedience, Vovu' LorfKhip's un{ dutiful ()!)edie\it ^i. i vaat, M.\r;'i ii ^ (^ ;;i rv." The duughti'r of jn'ofes^Jor Oekley died al Dioii.'ieid., lu.ar JVi'ewark, in March 179H, at the age of 95. At (he monu nt of this thect's passing through the prcs;~, my I'liend Mr. I) 1 liuli lu* 725 LITERARY ANECDOTES. has ptiblislicd two excellent volumes on the "Calamities of Axithors," in one Chapter of which, under the title of "The Rewards of Oriental Literature," the talents, the simplicity, and the misfortunes of Simon Ockley are admirably delineated. In Mr Ellis's History of Shoreditch, pp. '341, 359, amongst other curious particulars of Mr. Arthur Bedford (of whom see vol. I. pp. 1/1, 7()4. ) is a letter from Mr. Bedford to Dr. Charlett, on the establisluuent of a Saxon Professorship at Oxfoi-d, P. 541. " Mr. Fielding's remark (see before, p. 170) on Dr. Grev's HudibrHS might equally apply to the Writers necessary to illustrate William Shaks{)care. There is, however, more wit than ti'uth in the observation. Half Dr. Mead's books may be supposed to be Plrv?ical, and the rest Antient Classics. What were these to Presbyterians and Independents ? Besides, probably, Taliacotiiis was there. It is a fact too, though not generally known, that ')r. Mead parted with several of his Books a short time before his death." T F. P. .549. The Kev. VV illiani C ole of Ely was rector of Aldburgh ia Norfolk J and died Jan. 10, 1793. He was buried in St. Mary's chapel in the Cathedral at Ely ; wliere a mural monument is thus inscribed : "M. S. Mary Cole, late wife of the Rev. William Cole, inhabitant of this City, She was eldest daughter of the Rev. Dr. Zachciry Grey, LL. D. late rector of liougliton (onquest, Bedfordshire. She died Aiigust 27, 1T87, anno aitat. 65 j being strictly, during the course of her life, a follower of God, and friend of human kind. In the same grave are interred the remains of the above Rev. U illiam Cole, B. D. rector of Aldburgh, in the county of Norfolk ; who died Jan. 10, 1793, a; tat. 71. Ilesurgant," V. ZT). "Dr. Jortin, being consulted concerning the question on the intermediate State, rejijied. that he thought it a question of no importance ; that', for himself, he diifered from Law, whom he had found, in this and many other contro^ erted points, incon- vincibly attached to his own opinion-." R. G. P. 57S. 1. 7. Of the three daughters of Sir William Novell, Cle- menee the eldest married Alexander Stuart, esq. son and heir ap^^ parent of Sir Nicholas Stuart, iiart, and father of Sir Simeon Stuart, second baronet ; anoilier to Dr. Wake, Archbit>iio}) of Cantej bury. Hilhngton Hall is liow tlie ?eat and residence of the Baronet Family of Folke-,, dcbCended from the President's brother W iliiam i-olkes, ts(j. P. 601, noie, 1. 28. r. " Mor/ey." P. 611.1. 7- The second note want< the mark of reference f, P. 617- The fourth Aokune of MooKe's "Roman History" was publisheil in 1771 (it is believed) by Dr. Gilbert Stuait. Ibid. A tablet to the uiemoi-y of Mr. Hooke has lately been put up in the churchyard of Hedsor, Bucks, at the expeuce of Lord Buolon, with the following inscription : " Sub ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 729 ** Sub hoc tumulo corpus deponi jussit Nathaniel Hooke, armit^er, qui mtiltiplici literarmn varietate et studio eruditus, Romanae Historiae auctor celebratus emicuit ; Ie literis vero quantum meruit edita usque testaburitur opeia. Ex vit&. demigravit, annorum plenus et veie pius, vicesimo secundo die Julii Anno Domini 17()3. Ad cineres patris sui paiiter requiescit corpus liliaj dilectissiinae Janae Maiiffi Hooke, cujus anima? i)ropitietur Deus. Sexagenaria obiit vicesimo octavo die Aprill. A. 17.")-; M. A. ITo'j; LL. ]>. 1763; and h,id the reciory c.f AMtM-'ny, Liii>'ol:'shiie ; but no one that knew bini ever suspected ';ini of \\!it;nij ;i iiouk." He died in Sap- tenilier 1T7.J. J. U. t)t ])r. ^onti.vs. D's HiClf ;fruitless en- quiry, a hai)py opportunity hath occurred, whereby 1 could easily gain alj})are a littk: for oui- ehildien. Had his late Grace of ('ar.terl)urv * been ali\e, 1 would luue had the above sum on the iirst notice', as he u->ed privately every veai" (o send me snmetliing unasked fer. " Jh'u/,-l(Uic, ricdi- OUl-.slrcct 'J'itrii/)i/,i:. ]{oi;i:i:t S.\NnKKs." 'ilie aljove statement was coujiiiiiuieated by Mr. Duncon.'be to the \(.l)le \uthor, by whom it wa.i tlius ecmdesceudingly ncit I'ced: " 'ii', My jioor l]r(jtliei"s j deatli pre\('ule(l my answering- the favour :;[' y(i\ii' l