E 
 
 675 
 
 R466 
 
 1872 
 
 MAIN 
 
 UC-NRLF 
 
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 1872L 
 
 THE REPUBLICAN 
 
 THE PROTECTOR 
 
 OF THE IMMIGRANT. 
 
 
 The North Atnor.can continent const! - 
 ia a gigantic reservoir into which all na 
 tionalities are poured. Its discovery being 
 almost simultaneous with the invention of 
 the art c4 printing, the New World neces 
 sarily became the harbinger oi* the most 
 advanced systems of thought in philosophy, 
 science, and religion. Various national 
 types struggled to gain a foothold in Amer 
 ica. Spain conquered South and Central 
 America, but its influence and dominion 
 have departed, and only some of its worst 
 . influences remain to plague with 
 anarchy an 1 revolution .:lr;g South 
 
 American umious. France also lost i<s 
 , and the Colonies of Holland and 
 Denmark occupy only a few ii: :;.;-, rls of minor 
 importance. The English Colonies alone 
 :d and increased, so that for nearly 
 two hundred years, until ths Colonial re 
 volt, America was a continuation of Old 
 England, with only such modifications as 
 circumstances demanded. Since the begin 
 ning of this century America haa been 
 sou; rious nationalities, chief among 
 
 I them being the German and the Irish. 
 The movement of German, Swedish, and 
 u immigration began later, and haa 
 oruv reached enormous proportions within 
 
 onty-five years. 
 
 From 1831 to 1371, (ten years,.} the Irish 
 contingent of this column of emigration 
 r2F.checi a total of 081,606 souls. 
 
 From England and Scotland the number 
 aggregated 620,123. A large proportion of 
 this emigration must have been Irish in 
 cter also. 
 
 Tlie number of Germans in the ten years 
 named was 836,448. 
 
 From Scandinavian countries the decade 
 brought to our shores 96,057 persons. 
 
 From other countries the total number of 
 
 emigrants during the period named ira 
 136,251. 
 
 To recapitulate, the total emigration froa 
 1861 to 1871, from different countries, wa 
 as follows : 
 
 From Ireland ,,. 681, OOt 
 
 From England and Scotland 5*20 J 25 
 
 From Germany 
 
 From Sweden and Norway 
 
 From ail other countries., 
 
 . 
 
 e iu.ce of 
 hdt million of i: 
 question ia assurr" 
 portance second to \ 
 Statesmen of the fir-it rank may w 
 themselves, Whither arc we drifting? 
 is the homogeneity of our nation 
 fc-rved? By what moari3 are the 
 millioiis to be guided into trie proper chau"- 
 
 I secure tl, ,- what 
 
 jnc-an/i arc they to bo tau^l :-stan<i 
 
 our Apolitical inslvhuiions V .asurei 
 
 are adapted to implant a patriot s love for 
 his caw home and ne-./ political i i 
 
 Q the breasts of these strangers? And, 
 what measures sbull be adopted tc 
 protect them while npon their journey, 
 whether it be on board ship, at the landing 
 place, or while in ii C".miiu upon public coo 
 veyancea ? 
 
 EI3TOZY OP EMIGR.iXT PROTECTION. 
 
 Up to 1847 ueither the Federal G 
 ment nor the several States took aay cog 
 nizance of the ^immigrant. He was per 
 mitted^ to land, it is true, but no cne was 
 authorised to supervise or direct his move 
 ments. In New York, where the largest 
 number of immigrants landed, the greatest 
 abuses prevailed, and bub few immigrants 
 
On the other hand, the immigrant s baggage 
 is all weighed, with the strongest induce 
 ment held out to the weigher to cheat, him, 
 because fifteen per cent, commission fees 
 depend thereon. 
 
 Mr. Barr, one of the commissioners, testi 
 fies that on over weight for first-class passen 
 gers, they charge fsorn New York to Buffalo, 
 $1.20 per hundred, biit on over weight for 
 immigrant luggage, which is carried not by 
 express, but upon slow freight trains, they 
 charge $1.80 per hundred, from New York 
 to Buffalo. At long distances, the over 
 freight charges on the luggage of a family 
 often exceed the cost of a first-class passen 
 ger ticket. 
 
 SEPARATING CHILDREN PKO51 MOTHK.iS. 
 
 No provision is made anywhere for sup 
 porting the pauper immigrant, since he has 
 gained no residence in the United States. 
 Outside of New York, the traveler is entire 
 ly dependent upon the good will and charity 
 of the neighborhood in which he happens to 
 be settled. In New York the commissioners 
 fere compelled to support the pauper immi 
 grant out of the capitation tax. Large and 
 commodious buildings are constructed on 
 Ward s Island, and paupers are sent there, 
 hut practically, this duty is shirked, and 
 the poor, who are compelled to seek 
 ihis refuge, and who have no friends who 
 will probably pay their board bills, are 
 treated in a manner that will soon drive 
 them from their asylum. 
 
 If a woman goes there with children, the 
 testimony shows that every child two years 
 of age is separated from the mother, and 
 placed in charge of the commissioners of 
 charity. The mortality among infants in 
 the public institutions of New York is so 
 great, that the separation amounts, in nine 
 cases out of ten, to a "sentence of death. 
 
 BURYING IN THE POTTERS FIELD. 
 
 Very often emigrants of the highest res 
 pectability are taken sick on shipboard and 
 die soon after their arrival. In case their 
 friends are not aware of their whereabouts 
 and they die on Ward s Island, this Emi 
 grant Commission pays two dollars for their 
 burial. Their body is placed in a pine box 
 not a coffin and buried in trenches on 
 Hart s Island, with all the other paupers of 
 New York city. Deep trenches are dug and 
 this box is placed in one of these, three in a 
 tier. When a box ia lowered a few shovels 
 of earth are thrown over it, and thus box after 
 box is placed until the trench is filled up. 
 
 A recent New York paper in describing 
 Hart s Island, where these paupers are 
 buried, says, that large mastiffs are allowed 
 to roam about at night to secure the corpses 
 the body-snatchers; and that these 
 
 fierce animais often l>rf>ak in <; tic nine 
 boxes, and drag the human bodies across 
 
 , the island while devoudng them during the 
 
 1 night." 
 
 This is a plain historic exhibit of the man 
 ner in which the Greeley Democracy is treat 
 ing the immigrant, which we submit to the 
 American people without comment. ( 
 llous, indeed, must be tho heart, and seared 
 with crime the conscience that can remain 
 unmoved by this recital. Thoss who cannot. 
 be aroused to action by horrors like these 
 cannot be iaoved by eloquence, however 
 powerful and dazzling. 
 
 THE PROPOSED REMEDIES. 
 
 ^ More than a year ago, the Admxnistra- 
 ijtiort, recognizing this lamentable state of 
 jj affairs, took measures for the more efficient 
 protection of immigrants. Secretary Bout- 
 well, under whose official jurisdiction this 
 subject is placed by law, sent a special agc-nt, 
 who had his full confidence, to Europe, to 
 discover adequate remedies for the protec 
 tion of immigrants on shipboard, and after 
 their arrival. 
 
 Mr. J. Fred. Myers, pn his return, made 
 a report recommending that the Govern 
 ment should take exclusive control of immi 
 gration affairs, and that all State commis 
 sions should be superseded or subordinated. 
 This report was sent officially to the Com 
 mittee on Commerce of both Houses. A 
 bill was also drafted to meet the views of 
 the report, which was introduced by Hon. 
 0, D. Conger, of Michigan. The bill was 
 approved unanimously by the Committee 
 on Commerce in the House, and was offi 
 cially indorsed by the Secretary of the 
 Treasury. 
 
 wing to the great amount of time wasted 
 in profitless and angry discussions by Schurz, 
 Sunaner & Co., the tariff bill and appropria 
 tion bills were retarded, and the immigra 
 tion bill was about to fail for want of time. 
 The President, on the 14th of May*, sent the 
 following special message to both Houses 
 of Congress with Mr. Myers report, and 
 thus called attention thereto : 
 
 To the Senate and Roust of Representatives 
 of the United States: 
 
 In my message to Congress, at the begin 
 ning of its present session, allusion was 
 made to the hardships and privations in-/ 
 flicted upon poor immigrants on shipboard, 
 and upon arrival on our shores ; and a sug 
 gestion was made favoring national legisla; 
 tion for the purpose of effecting a radical 
 cure of the evil. 
 
 Promise was made that a special message 
 on this subject would be presented during 
 the present session should information be 
 received which would warrant it. I now 
 transmit to the two Houses of Congress all 
 
that has been officially received sin to that 
 time bearing upon the suojeot, ruid recom 
 mend that such legislation be had as will 
 secure, first, such room and accommoda 
 tions on shipboard as are necessary far j 
 health and comfort, and such privacy and j 
 protection as not to compel immigrant s to 
 be the unwilling witnesses to so much vice 
 and misery; and, second, legislation to 
 protect them upon their arrival at our sea 
 ports from the knaves who are ever ready 
 to despoil them of the little all which they 
 are able to bring with them. Such legisla 
 tion will be in the interests of humanity, 
 ar d seem to be fully justifiable. The immi 
 grant is not a citizen of any State or Territory 
 ir.ion his arrival, but comes here to become 
 a citizen of a great Republic, free to change 
 his residence at will, to enjoy the blessing 
 of a protecting Government, where all are 
 equal before the law, and to add to the na 
 tional wealth by Ms industry. 
 
 On his arrival he does not know States or 
 corporations, but confides implicitly in the 
 protecting arms of the great, free country 
 of which he has heard so much before leav 
 ing his native land. It is a source of seri 
 ous disappointment and discouragement to 
 those "v&ho start with means sufficient to sup 
 port them comfortably until they can choose 
 a residence and begin employment for a 
 comfortable support to find themselves sub 
 ject to ill-treatment and every discomfort 
 on their passage here, and at the end of their 
 journey seized upon by professed friends, 
 claiming legal right to take charge of them 
 for their protection, who do not leave them 
 until all their resources are exhausted, when 
 they are abandoned in a strange land, sur 
 rounded by strangers, without employment 
 and ignorant of the means of securing it. 
 Under the present system this is the fate of 
 thousands annually, the exposures on ship 
 board and the treatment on landing driving 
 thousands to lives of vice and shame who, 
 with proper humane treatment, might be 
 come useful and respectable members of 
 society. 
 
 I do not advise national legislation in 
 affairs that should be regulated by the States, 
 but I see no subject more national in its 
 character than provision for the saf^y and 
 welfare of the thousands who leave roreign 
 lands to become citizens of this Republic. 
 
 When their residence is chosen they may 
 then look to the laws of their locality for 
 protection and guidance. 
 
 The mass of immigrants arriving upon our 
 shores, coming as they do on vessels under 
 foreign flags, make treaties with the na- 
 tions furnishing these immigrants necessary 
 for their complete protection. For more 
 than two years efforts have been made, on 
 our part, to secure such treaties, and there 
 
 is now reasonable ground to hope br suc 
 cess. 
 
 U. S. Gi -iNT. 
 
 Executive Mansion, Nay 14, 1872. 
 
 We also annex the following synopsis of 
 the law which is designed to obviate the great 
 wrongs that have been committed under the 
 auspices of the Tammany Hall Democratic 
 Immigration Commission. It will be seen 
 that it has been prepared with great oare, and 
 for the sole end of benefiting the immigrants. 
 It is believed that the Republican press 
 and the people will insist upon the enact 
 ment of this wise and beneficent measure, 
 because immigration has grown into a system 
 an established institution. It is safe to as 
 sume that for the next fifty years an average 
 of half a million of people per year will seek 
 a home within our jurisdiction, and the re 
 fusal to give adequate protection to this mass 
 of helpless human beings would be criminal, 
 and a blot upon American civilization. The 
 Republican party, moreover, is pledged by 
 the following resolution, adopted at Phila 
 delphia as part of its platform, to r 
 this cause. Here is the resolve : 
 
 Ninth. The doctrine of Great Britain and 
 other European Powers concerning alle 
 giance, "Once a subject always a subject," 
 having at last, through the efforts of the Re 
 publican party, been abandoned and the 
 American idea of an individual s right to 
 transfer allegiance having been accepted by 
 European nations, it is the duty of our Gov 
 ernment to guard with zealous care the rights 
 of adopted citizens against the assumption 
 of unauthorized claims of their former Gov 
 ernments, and we urge continual careful 
 protection and encouragement and protec 
 tion of voluntary immigration. 
 
 We believe that we have now proved by 
 incontrovertible evidence, that wLile the 
 Democracy has cajoled and flattered the 
 foreigners so that they might please them, 
 President Grant has gone to the utmoi.-! vi-r^o 
 of hia constitutional privileges, to induce 
 Congress to give to the immigrant adequate 
 protection. While Brooks, and the other 
 Democratic Congressmen from New York 
 city, raised their voice in opposition against 
 every attempt to improve the terrible situa 
 tion of the foreign immigrant, and Carl 
 Schurz, though German born, and the other 
 so-called Liberal Republicans were silent, 
 President Grant used all his influence to se 
 cure adequate legislation. If Grant is re- 
 elected, and public sentiment is enlightened 
 upon this great question, there is no doubt 
 that he and Secretary Boutwell, who are 
 both earnest friends of the measure, will se 
 cure its adoption. But, inasmuch as Horace 
 Greeley is surrounded by, and dependent 
 upon, the influences of Tammany Hall and 
 its power to manufacture bogus voters, 
 
no improvement under him can be ex 
 pected. We appeal, therefore, to every one 
 interested in this great question (and what. 
 foreign born citizen is not?) to aid the Presi 
 dent and the Secretary of the Treasury and 
 the Republican party by their votes in their 
 earnest efforts to secure complete protection 
 azid ejja. il rights to all citizens, without re 
 gard to previous birth, condition, or religious 
 concession. 
 
 The complete synopsis of the bill, which is 
 here annexed, will convince every unpreju 
 diced mind that the Government is in earn 
 est, and that protection ia no sham. It is 
 one of the most carefully prepared measures 
 ever presented to Congress, and its adop 
 tion, *and strict enforcement, will make a 
 passage between decks across the Atlantic 
 a* comfortable and safe as an inland passage. 
 
 OUTLINE OF THE PROPOSED LAW- 
 
 Mr. Conger s bill provides for a hew bu 
 reau in the Treasury Department, to have 
 charge of passengers arriving in the steerage 
 from foreign ports not contiguous to the 
 United States. The commutation or head 
 tax is reduced to $1, instead of $2, which is 
 now collected in the port of New York. All 
 moneys received go directly into the Treas 
 ury of the United States, out of which are 
 to "be paid all charges for maintainiiag the 
 various offices, agencies, &c. A supervision 
 of emigrants is to bo carried out by American 
 Consuls at the ports of departure, and com 
 plaints for ill-usage made by emigrants after 
 landing are to be summarily tried by United 
 States Commissioners. It is, however, pro 
 vided that the Commissioner of Immigration 
 (head of the proposed bureau) shall have 
 rower to enter into a contract, with the con 
 sent of the Secretary of the Treasury, with 
 any existing State Commission under the 
 prescribed rules and regulations, based upon 
 the provisions of the bill. The new Com 
 missioner is to be appointed by the Presi 
 dent, by and with the advice and consent 
 of the Senate, and is to hold office for four 
 years. He is to be charged, under the 
 supervision of the Secretary of the Treas 
 ury^ with the execution of all laws relating 
 to immigration, and to have power to make 
 rales and regulations. Estimates of the ex 
 penses of the bureau to be laid before Con 
 gress in the usual manner, and, until capi 
 tation tax becomes available, the bureau to 
 be maintained by the Treasury. The Com 
 missioner is not to have any pecuniary 
 interest, directly or indirectly, in any rail 
 way, steamship, or transportation company 
 nor in the settlement of tracts of lands. 
 
 CAPITATION" TAX, 
 
 The owners, agents, or master of any ves 
 sel conveying foreign immigrants in the 
 
 steerage to the United States shall pay at the 
 time of landing $1 for every statute adult, 
 to be applied to assist the temporary sick, 
 to hire or construct proper landing places, 
 and for the benefit of immigrants generally. 
 Accounts io be audited by the First Auditor 
 ot the Treasury and the Commissioner of 
 Customs and the tax to be in lieu of State 
 taxes now imposed, the farther imposition 
 of which is prohibited. "Statute adult" to 
 signify and include one passenger over 
 twelve years of age or two passengers under 
 twelve years, infants leas than one year old 
 not being considered in the estimate of space 
 elsewhere mentioned. 
 
 UNITED STATES IMMIGRANT AGENTS ABROAD. 
 
 Provision is mado for stationing at the 
 ports of Liverpool, Hamburg, Bremen, or any 
 other foreign port from which upwards of 
 forty thousand passengers may embark an 
 nually, an agent, whose duty it will be to 
 inspect vessels carrying immigrants before 
 their departure and examine whether the 
 provisions of this act be complied with ; to 
 give all necessary information to emigrants, 
 and to perform such other duties as may be 
 required of him by the Commissioner of 
 Immigration. Agents are required to issue 
 duplicate certificates, stating whether the 
 law has been complied with, one copy to bs 
 given to the United States Consul and the 
 other mailed to the head of the bureau. In 
 ports where the annual emigration does not 
 exceed 40,000 the Consul to perform duties 
 of emigrant agent, and to receive therefor 
 an increase of salary, not exceeding $1,000 
 per annum. 
 
 DUTIES OF INSPECTORS SUMMARY TRIALS. 
 
 At the port of New York there are to be 
 appointed four inspectors, acquainted with 
 tho German, Swedish, French, or other 
 languages, and one at each of the other ports 
 where immigrants arrive ia large numbers, 
 who are to accompany tho custom officers 
 on the arrival of each vessel carrying steer 
 age passengers, and muster said immigrants, 
 and inquire whether any of them have just 
 cause of complaint ; and if there be probable 
 cause the complaint shall be reduced to 
 writing and reported to the Superintendent 
 or Collector of Customs, and also to the 
 head of the bureau. It is made the duty of 
 the Superintendent, or, in ports where none 
 are stationed, the Collector of Customs, to 
 prosecute all suits in behalf of emigrants for 
 personal damages. United States Commis 
 sioners are to have jurisdiction and give 
 summary trial in all cases on account of ill 
 treatment on board ship, ic-sufficiency of or 
 badly cooked food, damage to baggage, 
 swindling in the exchange of money or by 
 boarding-house keepers, abuse by any per 
 son or agent while in transitu % loss of time 
 
on railroads, overcharges, or being placed 
 in improper or overcrowded cars the juris- 
 diction of commissioners not to exceed fine j 
 or pen-ally of $100 in each case, with power j 
 to commit the defendant until judgment is j 
 satisfied. 
 
 LANDING DEPOT AT NEW YORK SUPERINTEND 
 ENTS, 
 
 A landing depot is to be established at 
 New York and such other ports as may be 
 designated by the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 who shall appoint at each of such ports an 
 officer to be known as the Superintendent of 
 Emigration, to hold office for four years, 
 v/ho shall give bonds. 
 
 PROTECTION OP IMMIGRANTS AFTER LANDING. 
 
 It is made the duty of Superintendents, 
 under the direction of the Commissioners, to 
 provide suitable places for the reception of j 
 passengers upon thc-ir arrival, lease the no- j 
 cessary wharves and piers and erect suitable 
 structures thereon ; receive all immigrants | 
 and superintend their disembarkation and the ! 
 landing of their effects ; make and preserve 
 an accurate record of the name, age, occu 
 pation, birth-place, and present destination 
 of each ; protect them against imposition and 
 fraud ; and such as desire, in obtaining em 
 ployment; provide, at v the expense of the 
 vessel, for the immediate and temporary ne 
 cessities of those who arrive destitute, and 
 furnish such information and facilities as 
 will enable immigrants to proceed to their 
 respective places of destination in the cheap 
 est and most expeditious manner; and to 
 enable them to make contracts and other 
 suitable arrangements with railroad and 
 transportation companies for the conveyance 
 on the most advantageous terms, specifying 
 particularly that comfortable and commo 
 dious cars shall in all cases be provided, and 
 that immigrant trains shall be run at no less 
 than twenty miles per hour and without un 
 necessary detention, and that managers, offi 
 cers, and agents shall pay due regard to the 
 safety, health, and comfort of immigrants. 
 The Superintendents may issue permits to 
 suitable persons to convey passengers from 
 vessels to the landing depots, and also to 
 persone who may have legitimate business 
 with the landing or forwarding of immi 
 grants, the conveyance of their luggage and 
 other purposes of necessity and convenience. 
 No person without a permit can solicit im 
 migrants for any object whatever. 
 
 IMPROVED RAILROAD TRAVELING. 
 
 Railroad companies who carry immigrants 
 must file bonds with the head of the bureau. 
 Proper passenger cars, provided with a stove 
 and fire when needed, and with a supply of 
 clean water for drinking and washing, to 
 
 gether with water closets and ventilation, are 
 only to be used. All competing lines that 
 have furnished proper bonds shaft be allowed 
 to sell tickets over their lines, but not to 
 places by circuitous and ummial routes. 
 Steamboats and canal boats to furnish iho 
 same accommodations as to space and food 
 as ocean steamers. If any railroad or trans 
 portation company violate the provisions of 
 the act the license to soil tickets within the 
 lauding enclosures will be revoked. In 
 ports where no Superintendent is stationed 
 duties to be discharged by Collectors of 
 Customs. 
 
 FRAUDS PRACTICED IN EUROPE. 
 
 Great impositions have been practiced 
 abroad on emigrants about embarking for 
 the United States by persons representing 
 themselves as agents for the sale of railroad 
 tickets on the principal lines of the United 
 States. Mr. Conger s bill will, if it be 
 comes lavr r , put an effectual end to the im 
 position heretofore practiced in this respect. 
 Section 22 reads: "That contracts made 
 in a foreign country for the transportation 
 of immigrant passengers to interior portions 
 of the United States shall be illegal, unless 
 stamped by the Superintendent of Immigra 
 tion ; but he shall stamp the same if ^it ap 
 pears they are to the advantage of the immi 
 grant. If they are to his disadvantage the 
 Superintendent shall prosecute the parties 
 who attempted to act under them. 1 
 
 j LANDING FOREIGN CRIMINALS. 
 
 At present no law or treaty exists to pre 
 vent the landing of foreign criminals or con 
 victs pardoned on condition of emigrating 
 to the United States. It is known that for 
 eign countries have sent criminals here 
 undergoing, punishment for their offenses. 
 State enactments coiild not reach such an 
 evil. The Federal Government could only 
 deal with the subject. It is provided in the 
 bill now before Congress that it shall be 
 unlawful to land in the United States any 
 person who has been convicted of an infa 
 mous crime, or who has been in State prison 
 for other than politisal offenses, or who has 
 been pardoned or released on condition that 
 he should emigrate to the United States. 
 Such persons may be taken in custody, if 
 prima facie evidence exists, until their char 
 acter may be ascertained; and said crimi 
 nals shall be returned to their own country 
 at the expense of the vessel that brought 
 the same, and the vessel, master, or owner, 
 or agent, shall forfeit, as a special penalty, 
 $500. 
 
 PROTECTION ON THE HIGH SEAS. 
 
 The provisions of the bill relating to the 
 safety, health, morality, and comfort of emi 
 grants en the high seas are carefully orawn, 
 
aad if carried out will be productive of the 
 greatest benefits. On board each vessel 
 there must be furnished good and well 
 cooked food, three meals per day, e^ual in 
 quantity and quality to a ration in the 
 united States navy. No greater number 
 of passengers shall be carried than in the 
 following proportion : On the second deck, 
 it not being an orlop deck, one statute pas 
 senger for every eighteen square feet of clear 
 space, exclusive of all baggage, bulkhead, 
 and other obstructions; and on the main deck 
 and poop deck one statute passenger for every 
 sixteen square feet of clear space contained 
 therein ; and no passenger shall be carried 
 on an orlop deck or temporary deck, nor any 
 deck where the height or distance between 
 the decks, or from the decks to the roof is 
 less than six feet two inches ; nor upon any 
 deck not having good and sufficient side 
 lights and ventilation ; nor upon any sailing 
 vassal except upon the main and poop decks. 
 
 SEPARATION OF SEXES HOSPITALS ON BOARD 
 SHIP. 
 
 Each deck upon which passengers are car- 
 n-;-d is to be divided into at least three dis 
 tinct compartments, separated by well con 
 structed bulkheads; the foremost of which 
 saall be occupied by single male passen 
 gers .above the age of twelve years; the 
 next abaft to bo occupied by families con 
 sisting of husbands and wives and their chil 
 dren, and the next compartment by single \ 
 females above the age of twelve years, and 
 each compartment to be connected with the 
 d.eck by suitable companion-ways. A hos 
 pital for each sex shall b-3 provided in a 
 proper part of the vessel. They shall con 
 tain twenty square feet of room for every fifty 
 passengers carried, nnd fitted with suitable 
 bedding. Every .ship carrying over one hun 
 dred passengers must have on board a duly 
 qualified physician, with a suitable supply of 
 ciedicincs, surgical instruments, &c. 
 
 FORBIDDEN FREIGHT. 
 
 Proper means of ventilation and sufficient 
 
 places for cooking food shall be provided 
 food to be issued daily before two o clock in 
 the afternoon and extra provision to be mado 
 for the sick and infants. No vessel convey 
 ing passengers shall carry as cargo, horses, 
 cattle, gunpowder, bituminous coal, naphtha, 
 benzine, petroleum, nitro-glycerine, lucifer 
 matches, or any other explosive articles 
 which ignite by irietion; guano, green hides, 
 or any other articles either 0,3 ballast or 
 cargo, which, by reason of the nature, quan 
 tity, or mode of storage, would be likely to 
 endanger the health, comfort, or safety of 
 passengers. 
 
 r n o v i s i o N- s . 
 
 The masters of passenger ships on arriving 
 in the United States are to deliver the cer 
 tificates of consuls based upon the report of 
 the emigration agent abroad and report to 
 the Collector a list or manifest of passengers 
 on board, , designating age, sex, &c. ; the 
 compartment of the vessel occupied by each 
 during the voyage, and shall farther set forth 
 whether any or what number died on the 
 voyage ; which list or manifest must be 
 sworn to by the master. A penalty of $10 
 is to be paid the Collector of Customs for 
 each statute adult who may have died during 
 the voyage. At least one copy or a synopsis 
 of this act, printed in such language as the 
 officer charged with the superintendence of 
 emigration at the port of departure shall pre 
 pare, shall be kept posted up in a conspicu 
 ous place ia each compartment during the 
 entire voyage. It is made illegal to convey 
 passengers in the steerage from any foreign 
 port not contiguous to the United States to 
 airport within the jurisdiction of th? United 
 States in contravention of the provisions of 
 this act, and owners, agents, or master of 
 any vessel attempting to land steerage pas 
 sengers in violation of its provisions become 
 liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000, to be 
 recovered in any Circuit or District Court of 
 the United States. 
 
U.C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES