; 
 

HI S T O R Y 
 
 ^egiment, ffetiflital (farlr, 
 
 STATE OF NEW YORK, 
 
 DURING THE WAR OF THE REBELLION : 
 
 A PRELIMINARY CHAPTER ON THE ORIGIN AND EARLY HISTORY OF THE 
 REGIMENT, A SUMMARY OF ITS HISTORY SINCE THE WAR, 
 
 ROLL OF HONOR, 
 
 COMPRISING BRIEF SKETCHES OF THE SERVICES RENDERED BY 
 
 MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT IN THE ARMY AND 
 
 NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 BY WILLIAM SWINTON, A. M., 
 
 A0THOR OP "CAMPAIGNS OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC," ETC. 
 
 ILLUSTRATED BY THOMAS NAST. 
 
 Net fork ana Boston: 
 FIELDS, OSGOOD, & CO. 
 
 1870. 
 

 
 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869, by 
 
 FIELDS,. OSGOOD, & CO., 
 in the Clerk s Office of the District Court for the District of Massachusetts. 
 
 UNIVERSITY PRESS : WELCH, BIGELOW, & Co., 
 CAMBRIDGE. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. pAOm 
 
 ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT ... 1 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD 23 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE MARCH TO THE WAR 31 
 
 * 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 THE NEW PATH 48 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS -.67 
 
 CHAPTER YI. 
 A DISPUTED COMMAND .85 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON 94 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 RESULTS OF THE MARCH 110 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL 127 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 CAMP CAMERON 164 
 
 50*711 
 
iv CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA 193 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED 208 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 OFFERS OF SERVICE . 225 
 
 CHAPTER XIY. 
 THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN 232 
 
 CHAPTER XT. 
 FORT FEDERAL HILL . 247 
 
 CHAPTER XYI. 
 THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863 292 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 AT FREDERICK . 320 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 THE DRAFT RIOTS . . . . t ,. 349 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 SINCE THE WAR 373 
 
 ROLL OF HONOR 385 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I. THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON 495 
 
 II. THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN ... . . . 496 
 
HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ry ago, 
 all s " 
 
 CHAPTER 1. 
 
 ORIGIN OP THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 N the southerly corner of 
 Fulton and Nassau Streets, 
 in the city of New York, 
 there stood, half a centu- 
 the famous Stone- 
 Shakespeare Tav 
 ern." To that favorite 
 hostelry, as a birthplace, 
 can be traced more than 
 one of the institutions and 
 societies now flourishing in 
 the New York of our day ; 
 and thither we must go 
 back some twoscore years 
 for the origin of the " Sev 
 enth Regiment New York 
 State National Guard." 
 
 In one view, we should 
 resort to a still earlier pe 
 riod in the history of the State and of the Republic to 
 find the fountain-head of the Seventh Regiment. For, 
 since this corps was fashioned, not out of new material, but 
 out of a militia organization already existing, to wit, the 
 "Eleventh Regiment of Artillery," it would be neces- 
 i 
 
2 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 sary, in like manner, to trace this " Eleventh " to the year 
 of its creation, namely, the year 1812 ; while, pursuing the 
 pedigree of the " Eleventh " itself, we should, erelong, find 
 ourselves among the military antiquities of the bygone cen 
 tury and the war of the Revolution. 
 
 Such genealogic researches are aside from our present 
 purpose. Suffice it to say that, in the year 1824, there 
 existed a so-called " Eleventh Regiment of New York State 
 Artillery," and that this regiment consisted, as did most 
 of the militia regiments of that day, of two battalions ; 
 whereof one was artillery proper, the other infantry. Of 
 the four infantry companies, the First was commanded by 
 Captain Irad Hawley, the Second by Captain John Telfair, 
 the Third by Captain William B. Curtis, and the Fourth by 
 Captain Howard A. Simons. 
 
 Now, on the evening of the 25th of August, 1824, the 
 officers of the four companies of the Infantry Battalion of 
 the old Eleventh Regiment, at a meeting held at the 
 Shakespeare Tavern, adopted a resolution to the effect that 
 the said battalion " be hereafter known and distinguished 
 by the name of National Guards." The origin of this 
 name, for so many years the worthy designation of the 
 Seventh Regiment, and of that organization exclusively, is 
 associated with a historic event of singular interest. A 
 few days previous to the above-mentioned meeting (namely, 
 the 16th of August, 1824), there had occurred a parade of 
 the New York militia for the reception of La Fayette on 
 his last visit to this country. On this occasion the illustri 
 ous soldier and patriot reviewed the forces at the Battery. 
 While the troops were awaiting the arrival of La Fayette, a 
 number of the officers of the Eleventh had gathered togeth 
 er, and the conversation chanced to turn on a project which 
 had long engaged their attention, to wit, the independent 
 organization of the Infantry Battalion. It happened that a 
 good deal of difficulty had been experienced regarding the 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH KEGIMENT. 3 
 
 choice of a suitable name. On this occasion reference was 
 made, by some one present, to La Fayette s* connection with 
 the Paris National Guard, when immediately Major John 
 D. Wilson asked why " National Guards " would not be a 
 good name for the proposed corps ? This electric utterance 
 at once crystallized their desires in a fixed purpose and on 
 a clear ideal ; and when, therefore, a few days later, the 
 gathering at the Shakespeare occurred, the resolution to 
 adopt the designation of " National Guards " was enthu 
 siastically passed. Its promulgation was received by the 
 members of the corps with general favor. 
 
 It remained to secure the permission and co-operation of 
 the governor, ex officio commander of the State militia. The 
 official documents requisite to the perfect organization of 
 the corps, and its recognition as an independent unit in the 
 militia force of the State, did not arrive until the year fol 
 lowing the adoption of the name of the National Guards. 
 But, meanwhile, its members were not idle, and the drills 
 were kept up with marked regularity. Moreover, the first 
 great step towards the completion of the battalion was 
 taken in the adoption, on the 30th of August, of the famous 
 gray uniform. Its design was taken from the neatly fitting, 
 single-breasted gray office-coat of Philetus H. Holt (then 
 a private in the Fourth Company), which attracted the ai>- 
 tention of Captain Prosper M. Wetmore, Acting Brigade- 
 Major, and Major John D. Wilson, as a suitable model for 
 the new uniform. It was proposed, and a pattern suit com 
 plete was exhibited by Major Wilson to the four companies, 
 separately assembled at the Shakespeare, and was agreed 
 to by the members with great unanimity. A coat of arms 
 and motto were designed by Corporal Asher Taylor, of the 
 Fourth Company, who has ever since held honored con 
 nection with the regiment, and whose esprit de corps and 
 enthusiasm in all that concerns the Seventh and its wel 
 fare five-and-forty years have not been able to quench. The 
 
4 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 coat of arms and motto were approved by the board of 
 officers and adopted as the heraldic insignia of the corps. 
 It was Asher Taylor, also, who first wore in public the gray 
 uniform. 
 
 More important still, to the original four companies of the 
 battalion were presently added two more, under Captains 
 Lownds and Stevens. The interest taken by these gentle 
 men in the new organization began with the inspiring incident 
 of the La Fayette review, already detailed. On that occa 
 sion the group of officers was joined by Oliver M. Lownds, 
 Esq., a popular and influential citizen, and it was proposed 
 to him that he should raise a company to add to the others 
 in forming the National Guard. The proposition was made 
 by Linus W. Stevens, who then commanded a company in 
 the first or artillery battalion of the Eleventh, and who, 
 " being dissatisfied with the treatment of officials, who had 
 neglected to provide his company with guns for artillery 
 practice," had purposed retiring from the militia service, 
 but was now resolved to accept a commission in the new 
 organization. With the spirit of generous rivalry that 
 characterized the founders of the corps, Captain Stevens 
 agreed to waive the right of his own company to the num 
 ber " 5 " in the regiment, and to come in as number "6," 
 leaving " 5" to the company to be raised by Mr. Lownds. 
 
 Such was the personal popularity of the latter gentleman 
 that he soon succeeded in enrolling the required number ; 
 and, on the 25th of December of the same year, he pre 
 sented his company as a Christmas gift to the National 
 Guards. It was admitted as the Fifth Company, and, be 
 ing composed of picked men, was a valuable and welcome 
 addition to the corps. Captain Stevens was allowed to se 
 lect twenty-four of the best men and one officer (Lieutenant 
 J. H, Williams) from his old company of the artillery bat 
 talion. Two days after the admission of Captain Lownds s 
 company, they came in as the Sixth Company. 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 5 
 
 At length, on the 27th of June, 1825, an order was 
 issued by the Commander-in-Chief, Governor De Witt 
 Clinton, instituting the battalion of the National Guards. 
 This liberated the corps from the heterogeneous association 
 with the artillery battalion, but the change actually made 
 did not prove satisfactory. The order separating the bat 
 talion from the Eleventh Regiment of Artillery directed its 
 consolidation with the infantry companies of the Second 
 Regiment. This arrangement was not a happy one. Diffi 
 culties very soon arose, and such ill-feeling was engendered 
 on both sides that the National Guard determined to part 
 company with its associates. Accordingly, representations 
 of so forcible a character were made at head-quarters, that, 
 in the following October (1825), a general order was issued 
 detaching the corps and organizing it into a separate bat 
 talion. Having now legal existence as a battalion, it was 
 entitled to a Lieutenant-Colonel and a Major. On the 18th 
 of October a meeting was held for the election of these 
 officers, which resulted in the unanimous choice of Prosper 
 M. Wetmore as Lieutenant-Colonel and Linus W. Stevens 
 as Major. To the six companies already mentioned had 
 been added, in October, another, the Seventh, under 
 Captain Van Buren. It now required but one more com 
 pany to raise the battalion to the dignity of a regiment, 
 a consummation devoutly wished by all its members. 
 Accordingly, on the 10th of April following, the Com 
 mandant detailed the following gentlemen to organize the 
 new company: Lieutenant Andrew Warner, of Seventh 
 Company, to be Captain ; William H. Insley, First Lieu 
 tenant; and William P. Millard, Second Lieutenant. 
 With such spirit and energy did these officers enter into 
 this duty, that, on the 4th of May, the requisite number 
 was enrolled and the now company admitted to the bat 
 talion as the Eighth Company of the National -Guard. Be 
 ing informed of this, Governor De Witt Clinton, two days 
 
6 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 later, namely, the 6th of May, 1826, issued an order 
 organizing the battalion into a regiment, to be named the 
 " Twenty-Seventh Regiment of Artillery." 
 
 So much of mere dry chronology it has been necessary 
 here to group together, that we may the better grasp the 
 successive steps through which the National Guard became 
 a regiment, and laid the broad basis of its historic fame. 
 
 If, now, we hold firmly by the noble appellation National 
 Guard, it will prevent our becoming confused in the vary 
 ing technical designations of the corps. We have seen the 
 memorable circumstances under which the name was cho 
 sen. Well, it was the National Guard while still incorporated 
 with the old Eleventh Artillery ; it was the National Guard 
 while consolidated with the Second Regiment ; and it was 
 still the National Guard now that it became independent, 
 and was dubbed the " Twenty-Seventh Regiment." When, 
 years later, it had become the " Seventh," it still held its 
 proud blazon of National Guard. Nor was it ever till the 
 Legislature, in 1862, filching from the corps its " good 
 name," gave this designation to all the militia of the State, 
 that the Seventh ceased to be the National Guard. Never 
 theless, if we shall succeed in at all fitly setting forth the 
 history of this regiment in the late war, it may appear by 
 what new and multiplied titles it has acquired the right of 
 retaining the baptismal name which hallowed its birth two- 
 score years and more ago. 
 
 The regiment having now attained separate identity, it 
 remained to choose its officers. To this end the Command 
 ant, on the 16th of May, 1826, issued the first " Regimental 
 Order," appointing the 23d of the same month for the elec 
 tion. Pursuant to this order the officers met at the Shake 
 speare ; and the result was the choice of Prosper M. Wet- 
 more as Colonel, Linus W. Stevens as Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 and John Telfair as Major. 
 
 The selection of these officers gave general satisfaction, 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 7 
 
 and their promotion was designed as a tribute of respect 
 and appreciation on the part of the regiment. Colonel 
 Prosper M. Wetmore had formerly been Captain of the 
 Fourth Company, and at the time our history opens he was 
 Brigade-Major of Brigadier-General Benedict s staff. He 
 had entered very warmly into the project for the organiza 
 tion of the National Guard, and was indefatigable in 
 promoting the growth and welfare of the corps. He, re 
 tained his position as Colonel for about a year, and resigned 
 in April, 1827. Lieutenant-Colonel Stevens was, as has al 
 ready appeared, one of the National Guard s early and most 
 steadfast friends ; and we shall presently have occasion to 
 refer to the relations of that able and accomplished officer 
 with the regiment he loved and adorned. Major Telfair is 
 equally entitled to the honor of being one of the founders 
 of the Seventh Regiment. He had passed through all the 
 grades of the service ; was a sergeant during the war of 
 1812, a lieutenant of the Second Company of the old 
 Eleventh Regiment in 1820, and its captain in 1823. He 
 had declined the majority at the previous election in 1825, 
 and only accepted it now at the urgent solicitation of 
 Colonel Wetmore. As it was, he did not hold his com 
 mission long, for he resigned on the 20th of June following, 
 and Howard A. Simons was elected in his stead. He was 
 greatly beloved by the Second Company, and in 1833 he 
 was induced to resume its captaincy, from which he finally 
 retired in 1836. Telfair is one of the noblest names in the 
 bead-roll of the regiment, on which he lavished his affec 
 tions and his fortune. 
 
 The National Guard paraded for the first time as a 
 regiment on the 31st of May, 1826, to receive an elegant 
 stand of colors from the Mayor of New York. Asher Tay 
 lor, in his interesting " Notes on the Colors of the National 
 Guard," gives the following agreeable account of the ori 
 gin of these colors : " When the corps was detached as a 
 
8 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 separate command, the subject of providing suitable colors 
 for it had engaged the early attention of the board of 
 officers ; and Captain John Telfair, Captain James T. 
 Flinn, Lieutenant Charles B. Spicer, Adjutant Andrew 
 Warner, and Surgeon Edward P. Marcellin were appointed 
 a committee to procure a standard which should be the 
 banner of the National Guard. The committee spent some 
 time in bowing around and flirting and coquetting among 
 their fair friends, in the hope of eliciting an offer from 
 some of them to embroider and present a standard ; and 
 Young Moustache will be amazed to learn that all their 
 efforts were in vain, as they reported (March 29, 1826) 
 that the expectations hitherto entertained on that subject 
 had not been realized^ a humiliating admission that 
 would wellnigh burst the kids of half the gallant and 
 irresistible fellows of the regiment in the present day. 
 Subscription papers for the requisite funds were circulated 
 through the ranks of the corps, and promptly filled up ; 
 and the committee adopted designs for the colors, devised 
 and prepared by Sergeant Asher Taylor. They consisted 
 of, first, a regimental standard, 4 the banner of the Na 
 tional Guard, of red silk, bearing the arms of the corps 
 on a shield, supported by wreaths of oak and laurel, with 
 the crest, an eagle, and the motto, Pro Patria et Gloria ; 
 second, a State standard of blue silk. The designs were 
 traced on silk by Sergeant Taylor, and embroidered very 
 beautifully, in natural colors, under his supervision, by 
 Mrs. Windsor." 
 
 It was upon the occasion of the presentation of the first 
 of these, the regimental standard, that the regiment made 
 its maiden parade. The Hon. Philip Hone, Mayor of the 
 city, in presence of a brilliant assemblage, delivered the 
 standard with an eloquent address. The State standard 
 was presented on the 4th of July following, on which oc 
 casion the semi-centennial anniversary of American Inde- 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH KEGIMENT. 9 
 
 pendence was celebrated with immense pomp and circum 
 stance. The presentation took place in Castle Garden, where 
 "a large collection of distinguished officers had assembled 
 around the illustrious De Witt Clinton, the Governor of the 
 State," who delivered the standard to Colonel Wetmore, 
 accompanied by a glowing eulogy, to which the Com 
 mandant replied in fitting terms. On the conclusion of the 
 military ceremonies, the Governor and Mayor, with their 
 suites, and the officers of the division, repaired to Washing 
 ton Parade-Ground, where a public feast had been prepared 
 by the city corporation. "Immense awnings," says the 
 annalist, " were erected, beneath which two tables, each 
 four hundred and fifty feet long, groaned under vast quan 
 tities of substantial viands " ; and we catch the vision of a 
 quite Homeric banquet, at which were " two oxen, roasted 
 whole, two hundred hams, immense piles of bread, innu 
 merable barrels of beer," and the like hearty provant. 
 
 Meanwhile, amid these festivities, the weightier matters 
 of drill and discipline were not neglected. Hitherto, it is 
 said, too little attention had been devoted to military in 
 struction ; and the want of proficiency in the manual of 
 arms is illustrated by the fact that at a feu de joie in the 
 Park, the previous year, a member of the Second Company 
 discharged the rammer from his musket, to the great terror 
 and consternation of the numerous spectators. During the 
 winter of 1825-26, Congress adopted a new system of 
 tactics, known as " Scott s Tactics." The United States 
 Army having been ordered to drill in the new system, it 
 was immediately adopted Dy the more intelligent and am 
 bitious militia organizations ; and the National Guard 
 promptly commenced its study and practice. To complete 
 our chronology of the year 1826, we may add, that on the 
 18th of October the annual inspection and review of the 
 National Guard took place at the Battery, present, 277 ; 
 total, present and absent, 437. On the 13th of November, 
 
10 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 there was a brigade field-day at Brooklyn Heights, and the 
 annual parade took place on the 25th of November. 
 
 It has already been mentioned that the resignation of 
 Colonel Wetmore took place in 1827. Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Linus W. Stevens was then promoted to the colonelcy. In 
 this gentleman the National Guard gained a Commandant 
 of superior merit, and one who infused into it a rare ac 
 tivity and spirit ; but, unfortunately, the regiment, a year 
 later, lost this able officer by his resignation in July, 1828. 
 On the retirement of Colonel Stevens, Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Manning was promoted to the colonelcy, and Captain Levi 
 Hart was elected Lieutenant-Colonel. The regiment never 
 paraded under Colonel Manning, as he resigned his com 
 mission in September, 1828. Ex-Colonel Stevens was 
 unanimously elected Colonel, but positively declined the 
 office, and Lieutenant-Colonel Hart was then promoted to 
 the colonelcy. In January, 1830, Colonel Hart resigned his 
 commission, and ex-Colonel Stevens, at the unanimous and 
 urgent request of the line officers of the regiment, accepted 
 the colonelcy. Upon his recommendation, Morgan L. 
 Smith was elected Lieutenant-Colonel, and John M. Catlin, 
 Major. The return of Colonel Stevens to the command of 
 the regiment revived its fortunes at once. 
 
 In perusing the annals of the regiment during the year 
 1830, we note that the usual number of drills and parades 
 took place and were well attended. One of the parades 
 (November 26th) was in honor of the French Revolution 
 of that year, which resulted in the elevation of Louis 
 Philippe to the throne. The annual inspection and re 
 view took place on the 26th of October at the Battery. 
 Total present, 360; present and absent, 472. The follow 
 ing year, 1831, the regiment was active and prosperous, 
 and performed an unusual amount of military duty. 
 
 It was during this latter year that the regiment made 
 its first encampment. This took place at Poughkeepsie, 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 11 
 
 and the camp was named Camp Clinton. The members, to 
 the number of two hundred and fifty-six, were conveyed by 
 boat, under the management of Quartermaster Sniffen, and 
 remained at Poughkeepsie from the 2d to the 5th of July, 
 amid varied duties and festivities. The experiment was 
 so complete a success that it was repeated the following 
 year (Camp Putnam), and often in the subsequent history 
 of the regiment. 
 
 In 1834 the regiment was called upon for the first time 
 to quell a riot in the city, a duty which on many mem 
 orable after-occasions fell to its lot. The trouble in this 
 case grew out of the bitter hostilities existing between the 
 Whigs and Democrats at the election in the spring of 1834. 
 The civil authorities attempted to stop the disturbance, but 
 were powerless. Finally the Whigs took possession of 
 the Arsenal, and the Mayor, having learned this fact, or 
 dered out the National Guard. The regiment assembled 
 promptly, and within two hours after the order was issued 
 three hundred of its members were guarding the Arsenal 
 and patrolling the adjoining streets. The regiment con 
 tinued on duty until the next morning, when, the canvass 
 having been completed and the excitement having subsided, 
 it was dismissed with the thanks of the Mayor. In July 
 of this same year a similar duty devolved upon the Na 
 tional Guard, it being called upon to quell the " Abolition 
 riots," in which a number of buildings, including three 
 churches, were sacked by the mob. The regiment on this 
 trying occasion behaved with an admirable mingling of 
 firmness and forbearance, that won for it the warmest 
 praise from all good citizens. The riots began on the 9th, 
 and culminated on the llth. On the evening of the latter 
 day, the Twenty-Seventh Regiment was called upon by the 
 Mayor to march to Spring Street, where the churches of 
 Drs. Ludlow and Cox had been sacked by the mob, who 
 were intrenched in great force behind barricades, and had 
 
12 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 already dispersed a body of cavalry. It lacked but an hour 
 of midnight when the Guard, under Colonel Stevens, took 
 up its march from the City Hall, where it had been stationed 
 by the authorities. A great mob followed it ; and at the 
 corner of Spring and Sullivan Streets it received a gall 
 ing fire of stones and other missiles, hurled from win 
 dows and housetops, which wounded many of the troops. 
 Clearing a path through the barricades, the regiment moved 
 forward in column by division, at half distance, and drove 
 the rioters to the intersection of Spring and Varick Streets, 
 where, halting, it formed square, dividing the mob sud 
 denly in all directions, and so ending the affair. " The Na 
 tional Guard was charged," said Mayor Lawrence, in his 
 message to the Common Council, " with the duty of remov 
 ing the rioters from a section of the city where the most 
 violent outrages had been committed, and, in the perform 
 ance of this service, while assailed by the missiles of the 
 mob, evinced a forbearance commendable in the citizen, 
 united with" a determination which belongs to the charac 
 ter of the soldier." 
 
 In December, 1834, Colonel Stevens resigned his com 
 mission. Lieutenant-Colonel Smith was elected Colonel ; 
 Major Catlin, Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Captain Roome, 
 Major. The retirement of that able and accomplished offi 
 cer was a matter of general regret. Many years later he 
 was familiarly known as " the Father of the National 
 Guard," a title which he had fairly earned by constant 
 devotion to its best interests. We shall in the sequel see 
 that affection for the corps never ceased to animate the 
 breast of Colonel Stevens, and that even during the war, 
 as a member of the Veterans, he was active in its welfare. 
 This estimable gentleman died in 1863. 
 
 The memories of the veteran members will go back to 
 these years in many pleasing recollections. There were 
 target excursions to Ponson s, and competitive drills, and a 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 13 
 
 general spirit of joyous activity. In the year 1835 the 
 Order of Merit was established, and competitive drills for 
 its honors were instituted. In the first drill which took 
 place the contest was chiefly between the Seventh Company, 
 Captain Cairns, and the Eighth Company, under Lieutenant 
 Shumway. The honors were carried off by the former. 
 In the following year the contest was renewed, and again the 
 leading rivals were the Seventh and Eighth Companies. 
 But this time the judges awarded the palm to Shumway s 
 company, a result which so chagrined Captain Cairns 
 that he withdrew from the regiment, taking with him a 
 large part of his company. This led to such bitterness of 
 feeling, that, finally, the Order of Merit was abolished alto 
 gether. 
 
 In the summer of 1837, Colonel Smith and Major 
 Roome resigned their commissions. Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Catlin was elected Colonel ; Captain Jones, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel ; and Captain Burt, Major. In March, 1838, a troop 
 of horse was organized and attached to the regiment. 
 
 It is worthy of note that at this period a movement was 
 set on foot by the National Guard to gbtain drill-rooms 
 from the city corporation. This movement was finally suc 
 cessful in 1839, when the rooms over Centre Market were 
 granted to the militia of New York for military purposes. 
 
 In March, 1839, Major Burt resigned his commission, 
 and E. T. Backhouse was elected his successor. In the 
 latter part of the year, Colonel Catlin resigned, and Lieuten 
 ant-Colonel Jones was elected Colonel ; Major Backhouse, 
 Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Captain W. R. Vermilye, Major. 
 In May, 1843, Lieutenant-Colonel Backhouse resigned, and 
 Major Vermilye was elected Lieutenant-Colonel, and Captain 
 George G. Waters, Major. In April, 1844, Lieutenant-Colo 
 nel Vermilye was elected Colonel ; Major Waters, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel ; and Captain Andrew A. Bremner was promoted to 
 the majority. In May, 1845, Lieutenant-Colonel Waters 
 
14 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 resigned, and, in June, Major Bremner was promoted to the 
 lieutenant-colonelcy ; in September, Captain Duryee, of the 
 Second Company, was elected Major. Colonel Vermilye 
 resigned in August ; and, in November, Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Bremner was elected Colonel ; Major Duryee, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel ; and Adjutant Divver, Major." 
 
 And now we come to another great historic epoch in 
 the annals of the regiment. On the 27th of July, 1847, 
 Governor Young ordered the " Twenty-Seventh Regiment 
 of Artillery (National Guard), under the command of 
 Colonel Bremner, to be hereafter called and known as the 
 Seventh Regiment New York State Militia." 
 
 In May, 1847, Major Divver resigned his commission, to 
 serve as an officer in the United. States Army in Mexico. 
 Captain A. B. Brinckerhoff took his place. In October, 
 1848, Colonel Bremner, an energetic, accomplished, and 
 popular officer, resigned his commission. Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Duryee was, in January, 1849, elected Colonel ; 
 Major Brinckerhoff 5 Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Captain Mor 
 ton, Major. Soon after, an engineer corps was organized, 
 which subsequently formed the nucleus of a howitzer com 
 pany, and, still later, of the Tenth (K) Company. 
 
 With this bald chronology let us take leave of the five- 
 and-twenty years preceding 1849 ; for, though the annals 
 of the regiment contain many interesting records of this 
 period, we must forbear even the briefest mention of them. 
 Dismissing these, therefore, we are brought at length to 
 that important chapter in the history of the National Guard, 
 the Astor Place riots. 
 
 It does not come within the scope of the present work 
 to enter with any fulness of detail into the story of this 
 notable affair ; and, indeed, the general facts are too famil 
 iar to render this necessary. It is well known that the 
 trouble originated chiefly with some friends of Mr. Forrest, 
 the American tragedian, whose unfavorable reception in 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 15 
 
 England was partly attributed by them to the intrigue of 
 Mr. Macready. In the winter of 1848-49, Mr. Macready 
 made his farewell visit to the United States, and the 
 friends of Mr. Forrest determined to seize on that occa 
 sion to avenge him. Macready s first engagement was 
 tranquil enough ; but 011 the evening of the 7th of May, 
 his first appearance in his second engagement at the Astor 
 Place Opera House, he was driven from the stage by a mob. 
 On the 10th another attempt was made to secure him a 
 hearing, and it was this that precipitated the famous riot. 
 On the evening in question, fully twenty thousand men and 
 boys, the dregs of the city, gathered, by previous concert, 
 around the theatre, armed with stones, sticks, and pistols. 
 It so chanced that the pavement in Broadway had been 
 raised for the purpose of repairing the sewers, and the 
 round paving-stones furnished to the mob an arsenal of 
 terrible ammunition. Three hundred police were driven 
 back, after a gallant struggle to disperse them ; and at 
 length Colonel Duryce, who had, in pursuance of General 
 Sandford s orders, held the Seventh Regiment ready at 
 Centre Market, was ordered up. At 9 P. M. the regiment 
 arrived at Astor Place, preceded by the National Guard 
 Troop and a company of cavalry. The mounted men, ten 
 abreast, charged through the place from Broadway ; but 
 their horses, galled by the fire of the mob, became unman 
 ageable, and they reached Third Avenue, having accom 
 plished nothing. The Seventh Eegiment then followed, in 
 column of platoons, headed by Colonel Duryee, clearing a 
 way to Third Avenue ; thence, in column of companies, 
 clearing Eighth Street, and, finally, again moving through 
 Broadway into Astor Place, and forming line in front of the 
 theatre. The volleys of stones from the mob there became 
 very severe ; but the regiment preserved its magnificent 
 discipline under the trying ordeal. 
 
 General Sandford, the division commander, gave orders 
 
16 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 to wheel half the regiment to the right and the other half 
 to the left, in order to divide and drive the mob ; but the 
 attempt was unsuccessful, and many officers and men, in 
 cluding Generals Sandford and Hall, Colonel Duryee, and 
 Captains Shurnway and Pond, were wounded. An effort 
 to use the bayonet was also unsuccessful, the mob crowding 
 so as not to allow free formation or use of the pieces. At 
 length the authority to fire, which General Hall had long 
 been unsuccessfully begging of the Mayor, was given by 
 Sheriff Westervelt, after a final warning to the mob by Re 
 corder Tallmadge. The first volley was purposely aimed 
 high ; the second was point-blank, and was delivered with 
 terrible effect; and, pressing hard on the flying mob, the 
 troops soon cleared Astor Place of rioters. In La Fayette 
 Place and Eighth Street the leaders rallied the rabble once 
 more, and returned to the attack ; but a third volley scat 
 tered them completely, and ended the Astor Place riot. 
 
 The next day the city was very disorderly, but a large 
 military and police force kept down all dangerous disturb 
 ance. The Seventh was on duty the three days following, 
 but the lesson it had already given the mob proved effect 
 ual. Twenty of the rioters were thought to be killed or 
 mortally wounded, and fifty or sixty were more or less 
 severely wounded ; of the regiment, over one hundred and 
 fifty officers and men were seriously injured, of whom 
 seventy were carried to their homes. All, however, recov 
 ered, and to this day many show the honorable wounds of 
 Astor Place. 
 
 From that eventM night dates, perhaps, the civic popu 
 larity and national prestige of the Seventh Regiment. Its 
 courage, promptness, discipline, and steadiness were long 
 the theme of conversation, and no honors of city or citi- 
 zens were thought too high to be paid to these trustworthy 
 guardians of law and order. The Ars*enal riots in 1834, 
 the Abolition riots in the same year, the stevedore riots of 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 17 
 
 1836 and 1852. the flour riots of 1837, the Croton Works 
 riots in 1840, the Astor Place riots in 1849, the Mayor 
 Wood, Mackerel ville, and Sixth Ward riots of 1857, the 
 quarantine riot in 1859, and the draft riots of 1863, bear 
 witness that this public confidence has not been mis 
 placed. 
 
 In 1850 Colonel Duryee, always untiring in his efforts to 
 improve the regiment, established evening battalion drills, 
 and the next year " drills by wing." In February, 1851, 
 Marshall Lefferts, who had the year before entered the regi 
 ment as a private, but who had for three years previous 
 been a member of General Hall s brigade staff, was elected 
 Major. In June, 1852, Major Lefferts was chosen Lieu 
 tenant-Colonel of the regiment. In December, 1854, the 
 board of officers began the movement which resulted in 
 giving the regiment the Tompkins Market Armory. On 
 May 1, 1856, Edgar M. Crawford was elected Major. 
 
 In June, 1857, the regiment acceded to a request to visit 
 Boston and participate in the Bunker Hill Monument cele 
 bration of that year. Nothing can well describe the aston 
 ishment and admiration which its appearance on that occa 
 sion created. 
 
 In July, 1858, the regiment was selected to escort the 
 remains of President Monroe from New York to Virginia. 
 Colonel August, who officially welcomed the regiment to 
 Virginia, said : " The fame of your gallant corps is coex 
 tensive with the broad limits of this Union, and the name 
 of National Guard is the synonyme of model citizen sol 
 dier." Colonel Carey pronounced it " the first corps of 
 the nation, always known to the country, and to-day en 
 deared to Virginia." Many pages of such eulogy could be 
 cited, but Mr. Udolpho Wolfe s volume on the Richmond 
 excursion leaves nothing to be added. 
 
 The 9th of May, 1859, is also an historic day in the 
 annals of the regiment. It was then that the famous asso- 
 
18 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 elation of the exempt members of the Seventh Regiment 
 was organized, called the " Veterans of the National 
 Guard," subsequently incorporated by the Legislature of 
 New York. Its objects are, " 1st, To institute a bond of fel 
 lowship and union between former and present companions 
 in arms ; 2d, To institute and perpetuate an official record 
 and registry of the origin, acts, and members of the Seventh 
 Regiment ; and 3d, To create a fund for useful and benevo 
 lent purposes." 
 
 In July, 1859, Colonel Duryee, one of the ablest, most 
 earnest, and most valuable commanders that had ever graced 
 the head of the regiment, and in all respects a consummate 
 soldier, after twenty-one years service resigned his com 
 mission. Under his care the regiment had reached an 
 unprecedented degree of perfection and celebrity, and his 
 name will always be spoken of with gratitude and respect 
 by the National Guard. In August, Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Lefferts was elected Colonel ; Major Edgar M. Crawford, 
 Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Adjutant William A. Fond, Major. 
 
 On the 29th of March, 1860, a new company was organ 
 ized on the basis of the Engineer Corps. E. L. Viele 
 was designated as Captain, G. L. Farrar as First Lieu 
 tenant, and E. M. Le Moyne as Second Lieutenant. The 
 order from head-quarters prescribed that " this company 
 will serve with prairie howitzers when so ordered," and 
 also that " it will be designated by the letter K." In De 
 cember following, Major Pond was elected Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, and Captain Shaler was elected Major. 
 
 To other hands must be left the task of following in de 
 tail the regimental annals of the six-and-thirty years that 
 preceded the Rebellion, its regular civic parades, inspec 
 tions, drills, and reviews, division, brigade, and regimental ; 
 its famous camps, Clinton, Putnam, Hamilton, Schuyler, 
 Trumbull, Scott ; its grand excursions to Boston, Bunker 
 Hill, Mount Vernon, Newport, Richmond, West Point, 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 19 
 
 Washington ; its return courtesies to military corps visit 
 ing the city, and to distinguished visitors in whose honor 
 the city authorities have always exhibited the Seventh with 
 so much pride ; its receptions of such famous civic guests 
 as Jackson, Tyler, Polk, Scott, and as La Fayette, Kossuth, 
 and, later, the Japanese ambassadors, the Russian officers, 
 and the Prince of Wales ; its celebrations of public events, 
 like the completion of the Erie Canal, of the Croton. Water 
 Works, of the Crystal Palace, and of the Atlantic Cable ; 
 its part in public obsequies, like those of Presidents Adams, 
 Jefferson, Monroe, J. Q. Adams, Jackson, Harrison, Taylor, 
 and those of La Fayette, Clay, Webster, Worth ; or its regi 
 mental benefactions, charities, and subscriptions to private 
 or public enterprises, to be reckoned by hundreds of thou 
 sands of dollars. 
 
 When the Clark Mills equestrian statue of Washington 
 was unveiled at the National Capitol in 1860, the presence 
 of the Seventh was asked for by Congress and accorded. 
 The President of the United States, Mr. Buchanan, thanked 
 the regiment in a very earnest and elaborate speech, of 
 which one memorable paragraph was : " The military pre 
 cision in your march, the admirable manner in which you 
 go through your exercise, and the stout, hardy, noble, and 
 defiant look which you exhibit, show that in the day and 
 hour of battle you would not be mere parade soldiers, but 
 that you would be in its very front." At the Prince of 
 Wales celebration, in October, 1860, the Prince said to 
 General Sandford, regarding the Seventh : " It is the finest 
 regiment I have ever seen in any country." Lord Lyons 
 and General Bruce used similar expressions then and after 
 wards. An able article in the " London United Service 
 Magazine," the same month, devoted entirely to a discus 
 sion of the " world-renowned Seventh Regiment of New 
 York," says : " The Seventh Regiment has unceasingly de 
 voted itself to the attainment of military excellence, and I 
 
20 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 will venture to say that the civilized world does not possess 
 a finer corps, in every sense of the term. Judging from the 
 opportunities of comparison which a life spent among Euro 
 pean and Asiatic armies has given me, I should say that no 
 troops in the world can march, fire, and go through the ordi 
 nary operations of a field-day with more precision than the 
 National Guard." The Toronto " Globe " declared, at the 
 same time : " In return for the hospitality extended to the 
 Prince of Wales, the Seventh Regiment the crack corps 
 of the Union should visit Great Britain. There is no 
 infantry regiment in the world whose drill is more perfect, 
 or which presents a more splendid appearance." 
 
 When Camp Scott was founded, in 1860, the Colonel of 
 the regiment received the following letter from Lieutenant- 
 General Scott : 
 
 WEST POINT, July T, 1860. 
 
 DEAR SIR, Being temporarily lame, I pray you to pardon me for 
 declining the invitation to visit your regiment on Staten Island, which 
 has done me the honor to call its camp of instruction by my name, and 
 I have long honored the noble corps. It has well earned the title of the 
 National Guard at Richmond, at Boston, and at Washington, as on 
 frequent occasions at home, where 1 do not think it too much to say 
 that law and order, the life and property of every citizen, depend, in 
 the last resort, on the high moral tone, the steady valor and discipline, 
 of the Seventh Regiment of New York Volunteers. 
 
 With high respect I remain, my dear Colonel, 
 Yours truly, 
 
 WINFIELD SCOTT. 
 To COLONEL LEFFERTS, National Guard. 
 
 The same year, Stephen A. Douglas, then candidate for 
 the Presidency, pithily described the Seventh, in a public 
 letter, as " that unrivalled regiment of citizen soldiers." 
 
 The Seventh Regiment was often invited to other cities 
 for the purpose of stirring up local ambition in volunteer 
 troops. The regimental letter-books show that in all parts 
 of the country regiments took it as a model. Some called 
 
ORIGIN OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 21 
 
 themselves its " namesakes," using the famous title " Na 
 tional Guard " ; very many copied its " bill of dress," the 
 familiar " gray with black trimmings " ; scores of regiments, 
 new and old, adopted the various company by-laws and 
 by-laws of council ; questions of drill, discipline, and or 
 ganization were sent from all parts of the country to its 
 commanding officer as umpire ; even the insignia and coat 
 of arms were in some cases copied ; and these tributes 
 came not only from the seaboard States, but even from 
 as far west as Illinois and Iowa. Ellsworth, in spe aking 
 at a public dinner of his alert and excellent company of 
 Zouaves, said : " When my comrades here did me the honor 
 to call upon me to take command of them, I set before 
 myself and them the Seventh Regiment as our model. 
 This is the secret of our success." 
 
 On the 5th of September, 1860, Robert Quid, United 
 States Attorney for the District of Columbia (afterwards a 
 well-known Confederate officer), presented to the regiment 
 from the corporation of the city of Washington a splendid 
 stand of colors, the most elegant and costly ever given to 
 the Seventh Regiment. Mr. Quid s eloquent address was 
 full of good Union sentiments, and the flag he handed 
 to Colonel Lefferts was carried by the regiment, a few 
 months later, to the rescue of the city that gave it. The 
 same day was made illustrious by another grand presenta 
 tion, made by the corporation of another famous city, the 
 formal transfer to the regiment of the Tompkins Market 
 Armory, the most splendid building for this purpose in the 
 world. u It is doubtful," said Mayor Wood, in his address 
 on that occasion, " whether this elegant structure, so cred 
 itable to the city, would ever have been erected, but for the 
 regiment s hold upon public esteem. Your claims to its 
 occupancy are based upon grounds of substantial service." 
 It was indeed a magnificent armory, worthy of the name 
 and fame of the Seventh Regiment. 
 
22 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 But now our rapid historic survey has brought us down 
 to the most stirring year of the regimental history, and to 
 the beginning of the story to whose record this volume is 
 mainly devoted. On the 1st day of January, 1861, the 
 active strength of the regiment was 895 men, making a 
 gain over the previous year of 97 men. The field and staff 
 contained 22 ; the first company, 85 ; the second, 127 ; the 
 third, 91 ; the fourth, 100 ; the fifth, 85 ; the sixth, 100 ; 
 the seventh, 96 ; the eighth, 100 ; the Engineer and Artil 
 lery, 50 ; the troop, 39. This body meant something 
 more, however, as we have seen, than mere numbers ; it 
 meant soldierly port, discipline, tried steadiness, and na 
 tional prestige. The question at this time asked on all 
 hands was, Would the Seventh Regiment, in the stormy 
 days near at hand, show itself worthy of its great name 
 and fame ? 
 
THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD. 
 
 23 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD. 
 
 N Saturday, the 13th of 
 April, 1861, the cannon of 
 Beauregard echoed from 
 Charleston Harbor across 
 the continent. On Mon 
 day thereafter a Proclama 
 tion of the President sum 
 moned the militia of the 
 Republic, to the number of 
 75,000, to assemble and 
 execute its insulted laws. 
 
 This call found the Sev 
 enth Regiment of New 
 York ready. Three months 
 before, on the 14th of Jan 
 uary, its board of officers 
 had privately passed the 
 following resolution, pre 
 sented by Major Shaler : 
 
 " Resolved, That, should the exigency arise, we feel confident in hav 
 ing the commandant express to the Governor of the State the desire of 
 this regiment to perform such duty as he may prescribe." * 
 
 * This notably early action on the part of the Seventh was forthwith communi 
 cated to Lieutenant-General Scott, then at Washington; and his estimate of the 
 regiment is expressed in the following extract from his reply to General Sandford, 
 dated January 19, 1861: Perhaps no regiment or company can be brought here 
 from a distance without producing hurtful jealousies in this vicinity. If there be 
 an exception, it is the Seventh Infantry of the city of New York, which has be 
 come somewhat national, and is held deservedly in the highest respect." 
 
24 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 The "exigency" had come, that exigency darkly out 
 lined in the terse, significant vote, an exigency even then 
 too menacing to ignore or neglect. The national capital 
 was in danger, and the cry was for help. 
 
 Armed with this authority, Colonel Lefferts now put his 
 regiment at the disposal of Governor Morgan, and, while 
 waiting a reply, called a meeting of his officers next day, 
 whereat, there being forty present, this resolve was unani 
 mously passed : 
 
 " That the Colonel be requested to notify the Major- General that this 
 regiment responds to the call of the country as made by the President 
 through the Governor of the State, and that the regiment is ready to 
 march forthwith." 
 
 Through the city and the State, through other cities and 
 States, the tidings went that the Seventh would march in 
 the van. As its name had long been familiar to the people, 
 its prompt devotion was hailed as a token that whatever 
 was best and dearest in the North would be laid on the 
 altar of patriotism. As the Guards, Queen Victoria s house 
 hold troops, were among the first to spring forward for the 
 Crimean War, so the flower of the citizen soldiery of the 
 Union was pledged in the march of the Seventh to the 
 relief and defence of the national capital. 
 
 The day following, April 17th, the merchants of New 
 York met in their Chamber of Commerce, where thirty-one 
 gentlemen gave $ 100 each " for the equipment of the Sev 
 enth Regiment for active service." The list of subscribers 
 was then doubled, the total sum put down being $6,140. 
 The following are the names of the subscribers on this 
 occasion : 
 
 Moses H. Grinnell, $100.00 S. Wetmore, $100.00 
 
 George B. De Forrest, 100.00 R. M. Blatchford, 100 00 
 
 L. G. Cannon, 100.00 Thomas Addis Emmet, 100.00 
 
 C. R. Robert, 100.00 A. C. Gray, 100.00 
 
 Royal Phelps, 100.00 W. B. Duncan, 100.00 
 
THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD. 
 
 25 
 
 Phelps, Dodge, & Co., $100.00 
 
 Charles H. Kussell, 100.00 
 
 Edwin Bartlett, 100.00 
 
 Charles Christmas, 100.00 
 
 Edward Minturn, 100.00 
 
 S. B. Chittenden, 100.00 
 
 Moses Taylor, 100.00 
 
 Theodore Dehon, 100.00 
 
 Ogden Haggerty, 100.00 
 
 William M. Evarts, 100.00 
 
 G. S. Bobbins, 100.00 
 
 George Griswold, 100.00 
 
 John A. Stevens, 100.00 
 
 James Gallatin, 100.00 
 
 E. Walker & Son, 100.00 
 
 H. R. Dunham, 100.00 
 
 Hamilton Fish, 100.00 
 
 Robert B. Minturn, 100.00 
 
 D. F. Manice, 100.00 
 
 George W. Blunt, 50.00 
 
 James H. Titus, . 100.00 
 
 William Curtis Noyes, 100.00 
 
 Shepherd Knapp, 50.00 
 
 Charles H. Marshall, 100.00 
 
 A. V. Stout, 100.00 
 
 W. Whitewright, Jr., 100.00 
 
 John L. Aspinwall, 100.00 
 
 J. F. D. Lanier, 100.00 
 
 Henry Chauncey, Jr., 50.00 
 
 Stewart Brown, $ 100.00 
 
 Andrew Foster, 100.00 
 
 Joseph W. Alsop, 100.00 
 
 Joseph Gaillard, Jr., 100.00 
 
 Henry Chauncey, 100.00 
 
 James S. Wadsworth, 100.00 
 
 August Belmont, 100-00 
 
 John Bridge, 100.00 
 
 Clark & Mosely, 100.00 
 
 Benj. F. Breeden, 100.00 
 
 Benj. Nathan, 100.00 
 
 P. S. Forbes, 100.00 
 
 W. W. De Forest, 100.00 
 
 Charles Davis, 100.00 
 
 Isaac Bell, 100.00 
 
 Frederick Bronson, 100.00 
 
 Howell L. Williams, 100.00 
 
 B. H. Hutton, 100.00 
 Almon W. Griswold, 100.00 
 New York Stock Ex. 1,000.00 
 Rufus Prime, 20.00 
 Washington Coster, 20.00 
 Aymar & Co., 100.00 
 Bleecker Outhout, 100.00 
 Levi E. Morton, 100.00 
 
 C. B. Loomis, 25.00 
 R. Alsop, 100.00 
 G. C. Ward, 50.00 
 Benj. L. Swan, 100.00 
 
 Major-General Sandford, notified by Colonel Lefferts of 
 the action of the officers, both telegraphed and wrote at 
 once to General Scott that " the Seventh Regiment was 
 ready and waiting orders to proceed to Washington." 
 During the 17th, Colonel Lefferts addressed the same offi 
 cer, informing him that the Seventh had a full set of 
 camp equipage, and could go into camp without delay out 
 side of Washington. The following is the text of the 
 despatch : 
 
26 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 NEW YORK, 17th April, 1851. 
 LIEUTENANT-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT, U. S. A. 
 
 SIR, Major-General Sandford has already telegraphed and written, 
 informing you that the Seventh Regiment New York State Militia are 
 ready, and waiting orders, to proceed to Washington as per order of the 
 Governor. I fear that he may have failed to inform you that we have 
 a full set of camp equipage, and can and should prefer to go into camp 
 within the vicinity of the city of Washington ; but of course have no 
 preference over your orders. 
 
 I have the honor to remain, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Commanding. 
 
 Anticipating the orders for march, the men were prepar 
 ing their knapsacks and settling their affairs, while, through 
 the day, many exempt members, repairing to Colonel Lef- 
 ferts s office, begged the privilege of enrolment. After 
 nightfall, also, Colonel Lefferts s residence was besieged 
 by persons desirous of sharing the fortunes of the corps. 
 Among those at this time accepted as a recruit was Captain 
 Schuyler Hamilton, formerly of the staff of General Scott. 
 Of course the commandant had in most cases to say nay to 
 these solicitations ; and as he was jealously watchful lest the 
 quality of the regiment should be impaired, he could only 
 take such as had been well drilled. 
 
 The left-wing drill (which had been ordered previous 
 to the events just related) was witnessed at night by an 
 overflowing audience of ladies and gentlemen ; and already 
 the scenes at the armory, thronged with devoted friends of 
 the regiment, showed how deep and tender emotion the pros 
 pect of its departure stirred. During the drill, General 
 Sandford, having received the hoped-for order from General 
 Scott, communicated the news to Colonel Lefferts, who sub 
 sequently informed the officers. It was wellnigh midnight 
 when these orders reached the regiment; but early next 
 morning Colonel Lefferts had arranged for transportation. 
 General Scott had instructed the regiment to proceed by 
 
THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD. 27 
 
 rail to Washington. The Quartermaster-General, how 
 ever, declared himself unable to furnish transportation 
 for an earlier hour than 5 P. M. of the following day, the 
 19th. Three o clock of the afternoon of the 19th was ac 
 cordingly fixed as the hour of march from the armory. 
 
 The publication of the orders in the newspapers of the 
 18th caused a spontaneous rush to the armory. The regi 
 ment was already filled to its maximum, and hundreds of 
 recruits were turned away. It would have been easy to re 
 cruit a brigade in a day. When it set out on its unknown 
 path, it marched 991 strong. 
 
 The following were the orders for the march : 
 
 GENERAL HEAD-QUARTERS, STATE OF NEW YORK, 
 ADJUTANT-GENERAL S OFFICE, ALBANY, April 17, 1861. 
 
 In pursuance of a requisition from the President of the United States, 
 Major- General Sandford is hereby directed to detail one regiment of 
 eight hundred men, or two regiments amounting to the same number, 
 for immediate service, to be reported forthwith to the President of the 
 United States, and to serve until relieved by other regiments, or by a 
 regiment or regiments of the volunteer militia, to be organized under an 
 act of the Legislature of this State, passed April 16, 1861. 
 By order of the Commander-in- Chief, 
 
 J. MEREDITH READ, JR., 
 
 Adjutant- General. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FIRST DIVISION N. Y. S. M., 
 NEW YORK, April 17, 1861. 
 
 In pursuance of the foregoing general orders No. 43, from General 
 Head-quarters, the Seventh Regiment N". Y. S. M., under the command 
 of Colonel Lefferts, is hereby detailed for immediate service at the 
 national capital. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts will direct his Quartermaster to report, at noon to 
 morrow, to the Major-General, for orders for the transportation of the 
 regiment, its camp equipage and baggage, and for a requisition for a suf 
 ficient quantity of ammunition to furnish each man with twenty-four 
 rounds. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts will order his regiment to assemble at their armory 
 on Friday next, at 3 o clock, P. M., armed and equipped for embarkation, 
 each man supplied with provisions for twenty-four hours. 
 
28 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, upon his arrival at Washington, will report for 
 orders to Lieutenant-General Scott. 
 
 The Major-General congratulates the Seventh Regiment upon being 
 the first corps detailed from this State, in response to the call of the 
 constituted authorities of our country, to support the Union and the 
 Constitution, and to vindicate the honor of that glorious flag which was 
 consecrated by the blood of our fathers. 
 
 Brigadier- General Hall will promulgate this order immediately. 
 By order of 
 
 CHARLES W. SANDFORD, 
 
 Major- General Commanding. 
 
 GEORGE W. MORELL, 
 
 Div. Eng., Acting Div. Inspector. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT N. Y. S. M., 
 NATIONAL GUARD, NEW YORK, April 18, 1861. 
 
 In compliance with orders from his Excellency the Governor, and 
 division orders of this date, this regiment will assemble at Head-quarters 
 on Friday, 1 9th instant, at three o clock, p. M., in full fatigue and overcoat, 
 with knapsack, to embark for Washington City. 
 
 The men will each take one blanket, to be rolled on top of knapsack, 
 suitable underclothing, an extra pair of boots (shoes are better), knife, 
 fork, spoon, tin cup, plate, body-belt, and cap-pouch, to be carried in the 
 knapsack. The men will provide themselves with one day s rations. 
 
 There will be allowed three servants to each company, who must re 
 port to the Quartermaster at twelve o clock, M., and receive their " pass." 
 Each officer will be allowed one small trunk, which must be distinctly 
 marked and left at the armory before twelve M., 19th instant. 
 
 All uniformed men, whether recruits or not, will report for duty. Re 
 cruits who have just joined will also report, and will be assigned a post 
 in column. 
 
 Commissary Patten will receive instructions from the Colonel, and 
 leave for Washington this p. M. 
 
 Appointments. J. C. Dalton, Jr., M. D., Surgeon s Mate, vice Cam 
 eron, resigned. By order of 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 J. H. LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 The honorary members, and members of this regiment who from cir 
 cumstances are prevented from accompanying the regiment to Washing 
 ton, are requested to sen,d overcoats and knapsacks to the armory, care 
 of Sergeant Scott, armorer, before twelve o clock to-day. 
 
THE SUMMONS TO THE FIELD. 
 
 At night, pursuant to a printed call issued and signed by 
 Asher Taylor, Adjutant of the Veterans of the National 
 Guard, the latter assembled at the armory to take meas 
 ures for protecting it during the absence of the regiment. 
 Not only the building, but the streets adjoining, were crowded 
 by the excited admirers of the corps, who, till late at night, 
 made the building ring with their hearty cheers. Inside, 
 everywhere there was hurry of eager youth, " buckling on 
 the harness of war," while the Veterans convened in the 
 room of the board of officers. Colonel M. L. Smith took 
 the chair, with Major J. B. Wilson as Vice-President. Colo 
 nel Lefferts, amid great cheering, made a short speech, 
 commending the armory to the Veterans. Colonel Ver- 
 milye, Jackson S. Schultz, Esq., and Captains Cyrus H. 
 Loutrel, Meigs, and Roome responded, accepting the trust, 
 and the Veteran roll was signed by large numbers of ex- 
 members. 
 
 That memorable April week, which began with the clamor 
 of guns against Fort Sumter, and ended with the march of 
 the Seventh Regiment in New York and the bloodshed in 
 Baltimore, is still fresh in memory. As the largest city of 
 the Republic, New York witnessed the most fervid exhibi 
 tions of that master-passion of war, which, for the moment, 
 seemed, throughout the land, to have fused and consumed 
 all others. Trade stopped in its channels ; counting-room 
 and workshop alike were deserted ; people seemed to live 
 in the streets, the better to see, hear, and tell what alone 
 was worth sight, speech, or thought; the national flag 
 crowned all house-tops, alike the church and the factory, and 
 floated from all the shipping, while the very children wore 
 the tricolored ribbons and sang war songs ; all public bod 
 ies discussed first the country s needs and afterwards their 
 own ; clergymen preached, not peace, but a sword ; men 
 grouped everywhere to talk about the terrible days in store ; 
 
30 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH KEGIMENT. 
 
 and as the Seventh Regiment was the special pride of the 
 city, its prompt devotion was the constant theme of grati 
 tude and praise. 
 
 It would be impossible to repeat all the words of cheer 
 that came to the regiment at this moment. A letter sent 
 by Mr. Peter Naylor at this time to Colonel Lefferts said : 
 " I most deeply sympathize in the cause which you and 
 your noble command are about to defend, perhaps in bloody 
 conflict, to maintain the supremacy of our good old flag, 
 
 now floating over our national capital Please find 
 
 enclosed my check for one hundred dollars, to increase the 
 
 fund appropriated for your regiment A gentleman, 
 
 arrived in this city yesterday directly from Mississippi, has 
 laid a wager that the capital would be in possession of the 
 secessionists by Monday morning next." 
 
 Another letter, from Dr. J . P. Batchelder, under date of 
 April 19, says: " In the box accompanying this is a bullet 
 which, discharged from a musket in the hands of a Tory 
 traitor, penetrated the side of my father, Lieutenant Arche- 
 laus Batchelder, at the battle of Bennington, on the 17th 
 August, 1777. Has not the time arrived when its mission 
 may be reversed with propriety, i. e. from a musket in the 
 hands of a patriot to the side of a secession traitor ? " 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 
 
 31 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 
 
 HE day of departure dawned 
 auspicious. It was noted as 
 a happy omen that it was 
 the anniversary of an his 
 toric day, of that 19th of 
 April, made illustrious by 
 the " embattled farmers " 
 of an earlier generation of 
 heroes : but not till later 
 was it known in how preg 
 nant a sense had this day 
 brought the Lexington of 
 a new war. 
 
 The time of the march be 
 ing noised abroad through 
 out the city and the neigh 
 borhood, long before noon 
 the people assembled to bid 
 the regiment God speed. A 
 
 million spectators crowded and jostled along the line of 
 march. Offices and stores were shut, and the myriad 
 cares and duties of ordinary life were put off to another 
 day. Old and young, all ranks and classes, joined in the 
 throng, which was pervaded by an electric sympathy, 
 breaking all bonds of custom. Other militia regiments, 
 stimulated by the example of the Seventh, had already 
 followed its initiative, and, while preparing their own 
 
32 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 march for a later day, eagerly cheered that of the corps 
 whose prerogative it was to lead the column. 
 
 The region of the armory, then as now over Tompkins 
 Market, was especially thronged ; and as carriages drove up 
 now and again with members of the regiment and their 
 families, who had come to say farewell, each soldier lad was 
 hailed with cheers and blessings. Within, there was fitting 
 of uniforms, buckling of belts, rolling of blankets, pack 
 ing and strapping of knapsacks, the ring of the rammer, the 
 calling of orders, the scuffle of busy feet hurrying to and 
 fro, the cheery laugh and joke, the hasty messages to 
 friends, joined in confused sound. Here and there a mem 
 ber, struck with sudden contrition for past delinquencies 
 " in peace times," was hard at work on the manual of 
 arms, under a sergeant s tutoring. Veterans were pro 
 testing they could don the uniform as of yore, and march 
 with the best of the "boys." Recruits were turned sor 
 rowfully away. There were tender farewells too, hearty 
 grasps of the hand from fathers who trembled a little as 
 battle rumors fell on the ear ; tears and kisses of mothers, 
 sisters, sweethearts, wives, who came with cordials and 
 comforts for the march, and with sadder gifts of lint and 
 bandages, prepared by quivering hands at home. 
 
 The officers, consulting anxiously apart, or moving from 
 room to room, giving the necessary orders, found themselves 
 overwhelmed with generous offers of aid for the regiment. 
 Among these voluntary offers was the sum of $1,000 pre 
 sented to Colonel Lefferts, forming a part of the fund al 
 ready referred to, to " do what he pleased with for the com 
 fort of the regiment." He first bought revolvers for all his 
 officers, and, after a small expenditure in addition, turned 
 over the balance to the regimental fund. Clerks, both in 
 public offices and mercantile houses, had received leave of 
 absence, with wages continued. To some, advances on 
 salaries had been given ; to others, presents of money, 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 
 
 clothing, equipments. Fathers and friends had been pro 
 fuse with dirks and revolvers, for service in that "march 
 through Baltimore " which the Seventh was planning. The 
 few who left young families behind received word of honor 
 that no harm or want should come to them, whatever might 
 betide in war. The Stock Exchange, the Merchants Ex 
 change, the Corn Exchange, and similar public bodies, 
 most of which had representatives in the regiment, were 
 liberal with money and kindly attentions. Before the start, 
 a fine national flag was given to the regiment by E. H. 
 Simon, Esq., of the Seventy-First Militia, with kindly wishes 
 from the donor, and a fit response from Colonel Lefferts. 
 To a member of the 5th Company, a director in an insur 
 ance company pledged an annuity of $1,000, to be settled 
 on his wife, in case he should fall in battle ; the letter was 
 read before the company. Mr. Edward Minturn, a public- 
 spirited citizen, was especially active in providing funds 
 for the immediate requirements of the regiment. 
 
 And there were sacrifices made by men of the regiment, 
 too, for the sake of marching. To many the prospect of 
 adventure was exhilarating ; but the apparent certainty of 
 speedy battle, and the thoughts of dear ones left behind, 
 banished frivolity. One soldier was to have been joined in 
 wedlock the Monday coming, and the guests were invited ; 
 the nuptials of some, were recent, those of others had been 
 arranged for May ; but it was no time for marriage or 
 giving in marriage. 
 
 The newspapers of the day of the march and the day 
 after are filled with descriptions of its details. One of 
 them, depicting the scenes in and around the armory, re 
 cords for us the ejaculations of the hour in language which, 
 if it seems overstrained now, vividly tells the excitement 
 of that day : " You could hear the advice, 4 Take care 
 of yourself, old fellow, and I 11 see to things at home ; 
 the promise, I 11 come back Dromoted, father, or I won t 
 
34 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 come at all ; and then, in a woman s voice, God bless 
 you. I shall think of you and pray for you all the time. 
 It s very hard to, but and then a few tears, low whis 
 perings, and a kiss By George, laughed another, 
 
 adjusting his sword-belt, I came up here to bid you good 
 by, but I could n t stand it, so I jumped into these things, 
 and am going along. What do you think the Governor 
 said to me ? asked a young recruit ; why, he said, " Remem 
 ber Sumter," and vowed he d like to go too. That s like 
 Fanny ! shouted another, she said she d go if she were a 
 man. Do you think I d back out after that ? Another : 
 Here s a bouquet Mollie sent me. Look at the label : 
 " May peace bring you back to me ! " Mother gave me this 
 little flag, God bless her. I 11 never disgrace it. What 
 do you think of that for a badge (displaying a beautifully 
 worked rosette) ; that goes over my heart. Breaking up 
 these conversations there came, once in a while, cheers 
 upon cheers for the Seventh and the Union, and snatches 
 of national songs, shouted with hearty, untremulous voices." 
 
 Just before the start the people and the regiment were 
 thrilled by the news of the bloody attack on the Massachu 
 setts regiment in Baltimore ; and when it was known that 
 the Seventh would u go through Baltimore at all hazards," 
 the excitement became intense. 
 
 At 3 P. M., the rapid roll of the drum, beating the as 
 sembly, put an end to the stowing of cartridges and the 
 filling of canteens, to the cramming of knapsacks, to the 
 leave-takings of friends. Agreeably to orders, Quartermas 
 ter-General Tompkins had, the day before, arranged for the 
 transportation of the regiment to Washington by the New 
 Jersey Railroad, so as to leave the foot of Courtlandt Street 
 at five o clock on Friday afternoon. Informed of the need of 
 despatch, Mr. Felton, the president of the road, had sent 
 from Philadelphia a telegram urging haste. It was as fol 
 lows : " Don t let this by any means get into the newspa- 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 35 
 
 pers. Make your arrangements to leave New York as many 
 hours earlier than five o clock as you possibly can." The 
 preparations were accordingly hastened. A mammoth van 
 carried off the officers baggage, its eight horses gayly ca 
 parisoned with flags ; and the people cheered the banner 
 furnished by one of them to the driver, on which was writ 
 ten, " Our glorious Seventh knows 110 North, no South, 
 no East, no West, but only the whole Union ! " The two 
 light howitzers (twelve-pounder brass pieces) were taken 
 down the stairways to the rear of the. building. Nine cheers 
 were given as it was announced that every gun was taken 
 from the racks, that every uniform had a man in it, and, 
 that the march would be through Baltimore. 
 
 The orderlies were now calling their rolls in the company 
 rooms, and the men, the last good-by said, rapidly fell into 
 line. The captains said a few words each to their compa 
 nies, then marched them into position in the large hall and 
 drill-room. The eight companies were overflowing, and, 
 adding the men who joined at Jersey City, being delayed 
 from sooner reporting for duty, the regiment was 991 
 strong, a number never known on any mere show parade. 
 The whole body, too, was perfectly armed, uniformed, and 
 equipped, even the band carrying revolvers wherewith to 
 defend themselves in the expected street brawls. It was 
 thus that the Seventh, in the full pomp and circumstance 
 of war, carrying not only the physical strength of a 
 thousand men, but all that inestimable morale which at 
 tends fully caparisoned and equipped soldiery, led the van 
 in the march of New York to the war. 
 
 At four o clock a great shout went up from the crowd, as 
 the regiment, filing out of the armory, marched into La 
 fayette Place, forming line between Fourth and Eighth 
 Streets. There was incessant cheering and singing of na 
 tional airs during the half-hour while the regiment was 
 forming. The sergeants having reported, and assign- 
 
36 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ments having been made to equalize the companies, pla 
 toons of police, sixty strong, now opened the way, the band 
 burst out with martial music, the howitzers rattled forward, 
 drawn by the men assigned to them, the companies wheeled 
 into column, and, amid a fresh outburst of cheers and songs 
 and fresh tears and farewell gestures from the overlook 
 ing windows, the regiment moved along Lafayette Place, 
 bowered in flags and streamers, turned into Great Jones 
 Street, and thence into Broadway. 
 
 Broadway, the great aorta of the metropolis, was pulsing 
 with an intensity unexampled in the city s history. For 
 hours the people had swarmed upon every standing-place 
 along the two-mile route, climbing, like the Roman populace 
 at Pompey s triumphs, " to towers and battlements, yea, to 
 chimney-tops." The transit of the Eighth Massachusetts 
 Regiment, earlier in the day, had only whetted expectancy 
 to keener edge for the pageant that remained. Struggling 
 to betoken in some visible symbol the feeling within them, 
 all the people had, with common instinct, resorted to the 
 display of that sacred emblem of patriotism, the flag of 
 the country. Everywhere, accordingly, the national colors 
 floated, making Broadway a carnival scene. Splendid ban 
 ners flapped in the wind from every larger house-top, or 
 curled from fresh flag-staffs ; pennants streamed from ropes 
 athwart all the streets of the city, and from all mast-heads 
 in the harbor ; facades were swathed with broad bands of 
 red, white, and blue ; flags were thrust out from the win 
 dows. As if ever mindful of the shame of Sumter, men 
 and women bore the tricolor on their breasts, wore it in 
 their hats, fastened it to their horses heads, and caused the 
 very children to wave their tiny bunting along the streets. 
 
 In such garb was Broadway decked to hail the regiment 
 Zouaves heading the column, in a spontaneous escort, with 
 red shirts, blue flowing trousers, gay fez caps, and hairy 
 knapsacks trussed up behind ; the motley costumes of work- 
 

 
 ERRATUM. 
 
 The name CHARLES J. INGERSOLL, printed at the foot of the Illustration 
 entitled "The March down Broadway," should read JAMES H. INGERSOT.I,. 
 
36 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH KEGIMENT. 
 
 ments having been made to equalize the companies, pla 
 toons of police, sixty strong, now opened the way, the band 
 burst out with martial music, the howitzers rattled forward, 
 drawn by the men assigned to them, the companies wheeled 
 into column, and, amid a fresh outburst of cheers and songs 
 and fresh tears and farewell gestures from the overlook 
 ing windows, the regiment moved along Lafayette Place, 
 bowered in flags and streamers, turned into Great Jones 
 Street, and thence into Broadway. 
 
 Broadway, the great aorta of the metropolis, was pulsing 
 with an intensity unexampled in the city s history. For 
 
 . w ,v, once is oi tne city, and from all mast-heads 
 
 in the harbor ; facades were swathed with broad bands of 
 red, white, and blue ; flags were thrust out from the win 
 dows. As if ever mindful of the shame of Sumter, men 
 and women bore the tricolor on their breasts, wore it in 
 their hats, fastened it to their horses heads, and caused the 
 very children to wave their tiny bunting along the streets. 
 In such garb was Broadway decked to hail the regiment 
 Zouaves heading the column, in a spontaneous escort, with 
 red shirts, blue flowing trousers, gay fez caps, and hairy 
 knapsacks trussed up behind ; the motley costumes of work- 
 
H 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 37 
 
 men in paper caps and leather aprons ; the handsome attire 
 of the regiment itself, and their flashing bayonets, made 
 the pavements below as picturesque as the bannered para 
 pets above, and the windows dressed with the gay garments 
 of ladies. Over the whole the sun poured the glory of his 
 parting rays. 
 
 It was less a march than a triumphal procession. Many 
 thousands joined the moving column, preceding the march 
 in escort, or following in rear. Street, sidewalks, areas, 
 fences, stoops, balconies, windows, roofs, nay, trees, lamp 
 posts, awnings, every foot of available space, held specta 
 tors, and for long distances on the side streets the compact 
 throngs struggled for a glance. So soon as, at any point, 
 the people caught sight of the familiar gray, black-trimmed 
 uniform and caps, set off by the blue overcoat, or even at 
 the shimmer of the distant bayonets, they took up the 
 cheering, which never for a moment ceased. At every point 
 tradesmen and others were assembled to give concerted 
 cheers, and the firemen had run their engines up the side 
 streets, where they jangled the bells as the regiment passed. 
 " Was there ever such an ovation ? " wrote gallant Fitz 
 James O Brien, who carried a gun that memorable day. 
 " When Trajan returned conqueror, dragging barbaric kings 
 at his chariot-wheels, Rome vomited its people into the 
 streets, and that glorious column that will ever be immor 
 tal was raised. But what greeted the Emperor at his out 
 set ? The marble walls of Broadway were never before 
 rent with such cheers as greeted us when we passed. The 
 faces of the buildings were so thick with people, that it 
 seemed as if an army of black ants were marching, after 
 their resistless fashion, through the city, and had scaled the 
 houses. Handkerchiefs fluttered in the air like myriads of 
 white butterflies. An avenue of brave, honest faces smiled 
 upon us as we passed, and sent a sunshine into our hearts 
 that lives there still." 
 
38 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Thus, through the multitudes parting for a moment to 
 let the regiment pass, surging in upon the column at every 
 step, and closing in dense masses behind it, the regiment 
 marched along Broadway. At one point, such was the 
 press that the crowd got in between the band and the regi 
 ment, and threatened to fatally disrupt the order of march. 
 The police were quite useless ; but Colonel Lefferts, halting 
 the column, caused the street to be cleared at the point of 
 the bayonet, and then marched on. Prompt to do it honor, 
 Major Anderson, of Sumter, appeared on the balcony of the 
 store of Ball, Black, & Co., and the companies of the regi 
 ment, successively pausing, joined in the thunders of 
 applause with which the people greeted the foremost Amer 
 ican of that day. Then onward again, under the canopy of 
 flags and amid the deafening cheers, pressed the regiment, 
 threading lower Broadway. As they marched, presents of 
 all sorts were handed the soldier lads from the jostling by 
 standers, or came hurtling from roof and casement, " It 
 was worth a life, that march," writes Winthrop. " Only 
 one who passed, as we did, through that tempest of cheers, 
 two miles long, can know the terrible enthusiasm of the 
 occasion. I could hardly hear the rattle of our own gun- 
 carriages, and only once or twice the music of our band 
 came to me, muffled and quelled by the uproar. We knew 
 now, if we had not before divined it, that our great city was 
 with us as one man, utterly united in the great cause we 
 were marching to sustain. This grand fact I learned by 
 two senses. If hundreds of thousands roared it into my 
 ears, thousands slapped it into my back. My fellow-citizens 
 smote me on the knapsack, as I went by at the gun-rope, 
 and encouraged me each in his own dialect. Bully for 
 you ! alternated with benedictions, in the proportion of 
 two i bullies to one blessing. I was not so fortunate as 
 to receive more substantial tokens of sympathy. But there 
 were parting gifts showered on the regiment, enough to 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 39 
 
 establish a variety shop. Handkerchiefs, of course, came 
 floating down upon us from the windows, like a snow. 
 Pretty little gloves pelted us with love-taps. The sterner 
 sex forced upon us pocket-knives new and jagged, combs, 
 soap, slippers, boxes of matches, cigars by the dozen and 
 the hundred, pipes to smoke shag and pipes to smoke Lata- . 
 kia, fruit, eggs, and sandwiches. One fellow got a new 
 purse with ten bright quarter-eagles. At the corner of 
 Grand Street or thereabouts, a b hoy in red flannel shirt 
 and black dress pantaloons, leaning back against the crowd 
 with herculean shoulders, called me : Sa-ay, bully ! take 
 my dorg ! he s one of the kind that holds till he draps. 
 This gentleman, with his animal, was instantly shoved back 
 by the police, and the Seventh lost the dorg. These 
 were the comic incidents of the march, but underlying all 
 was the tragic sentiment that we might have tragic work 
 presently to do." 
 
 There were mottoes and inscriptions flung out in the 
 path, of which some said expressively, "1775 1861"; 
 others, " Remember Lexington and Concord " ; others, 
 " Trust in God and keep your powder dry," or, " The Na 
 tional Guard is for the Union." People recalled the recent 
 parade of the regiment in honor of the Prince of Wales, 
 when its soldierly appearance was warmly praised by the 
 royal guest ; but contrasted with that holiday show the 
 present was grander from the reflected glory of its great 
 purpose. But one of the writers of that day, carefully no 
 ticing, saw that " there were many handkerchiefs that did 
 not wave, but were pressed convulsively to hide the starting 
 tears " ; while on the side streets, along the margin of the 
 hurrying throng, close carriages were drawn up to the curb 
 stones, " at whose back windows were the pale faces of 
 mothers, their eyes raining tears as they strained for one 
 more look at sons marching away." 
 
 Swinging at length, about half past five, out of Broadway 
 
40 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 into Courtlandt Street, the head of column found the latter 
 more lavishly decorated than any other part of the route, 
 a bewildering bower of flags, banners festooned and clus 
 tered on every hand, and bands and streamers crossing the 
 street in profusion. Here the merchants, from. the business 
 quarters of the island, had been waiting for hours, and now 
 took up the chorus of cheers. The wharves, the buildings 
 on the dock, the ferry-houses, the vessels in the harbor, 
 were also gayly decked with flags, and crowded with sympa 
 thetic spectators, who showered blessings on the Seventh as 
 it entered the ferry-boat, while the tugs and steamers on the 
 river rang their bells and sounded their whistles. So dense 
 was the jam in the square fronting the ferry, that it became 
 impossible to march the regiment through in order, and the 
 men escaped as best they could from the caresses of the 
 crowd to the boat on the river. 
 
 Jersey City was not a whit behind New York in the fer 
 vor of its greeting and the splendor of its holiday attire. 
 Here, also, men and women had since morning awaited 
 the regiment, filling the region around the ferry landing and 
 the railroad depot. Banners everywhere decorated the 
 facade of the latter building, and hung from the galleries, 
 roof, and cross-ties. The great galleries were filled with 
 ladies, and, at the entrance of the regiment, the band play 
 ing the " Star-spangled Banner," the building echoed with 
 applause. " The whole city," say the papers of the day, 
 " turned out for only that momentary sight of the Seventh, 
 and, as if to make up for the shortness of the time by an in 
 tensity of enthusiasm, the ladies tossed their handkerchiefs, 
 and stripped oif their ornaments to throw to the soldiers, as 
 they passed along." The troops, the baggage, and the 
 artillery being on board, the long train, at twenty minutes 
 of seven, rumbled out of the depot, and, amid a torrent of 
 farewell cheers and blessings, gayly responded to by the sol 
 diers, the Seventh moved away to its unknown mission. 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 41 
 
 But the " march down Broadway " was not the end of the 
 triumphal progress of the Seventh Regiment. As they hur 
 ried across New Jersey, the people flocked all night to see 
 them and cheer them, at every town and hamlet men 
 building bonfires on the route, and women and children 
 bringing flowers. " Everybody has heard," writes Theodore 
 Winthrop, " how the State of New Jersey, along the rail 
 road line, stood through the evening and the night to shout 
 
 their quota of good wishes I think I did not see a rod 
 
 of ground without its man, from dusk till dawn, from the 
 Hudson to the Delaware." In a similar strain, Fitz James 
 O Brien says : " All along the track shouting crowds, hoarse 
 and valorous, sent to us, as we passed, their hopes and 
 wishes. When we stopped at the different stations, rough 
 hands came in through the windows, apparently uncon 
 nected with any one in particular, until you shook them, 
 and then the subtle magnetic thrill told that there were 
 bold hearts beating at the end." Telegrams were sent for 
 ward to Philadelphia and back to New York to record the 
 rate of progress of the train. From New Brunswick, N. J., 
 the news was sent by telegraph to New York : " The route 
 has been one continual ovation, and at every station they 
 have been greeted with the booming of cannon and the 
 shouts of thousands of the patriotic citizens of New Jersey, 
 who have almost lined the road ; and houses at a distance 
 of half a mile from the road were seen illuminated." Two 
 hours later, at eleven o clock, came the telegram from 
 Philadelphia : " The Seventh not arrived yet, though ex 
 pected more than an hour. The streets are thronged to 
 witness them march. They were at New Brunswick at 
 nine o clock, but it will be twelve ere they reach here." 
 
 It is only by thus recalling minute details that we can 
 now appreciate the intense interest surrounding every step 
 of this regiment, and the reliance everywhere placed upon it 
 in that hour of national peril. " New York," said the lead- 
 
42 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ing article of one of the chief daily newspapers of that city, 
 on the morning of the day just described, " New York loves 
 the Seventh. It has distilled its best blood into it.. While 
 the regiment is away from the city, the heart of New York, 
 as if connected with it by some telegraphic fibre, will thrill 
 with its success or choke at its disaster." Some days later, 
 the wife of one of the officers of the regiment wrote to him 
 thus : " The enthusiasm here about the Seventh exceeds 
 everything. I think, if a member of it is injured in any way, 
 the excitement will pass all bounds. The name of the regi 
 ment is in every one s mouth ; every one seems to look on 
 each member of it as a near relative." Indeed, the very 
 day after the departure, a rumor that the regiment had 
 been attacked and had suffered severely threw the whole 
 city into tumult, till a denial came in the evening extras, 
 issued for that purpose. 
 
 It was a night of light-hearted enjoyment, however, for 
 the younger members of the regiment, with a great deal of 
 singing and very little sleeping. Once seated in the cars, 
 they had taken the precaution to secure a good meal from 
 the delicacies with which their friends had loaded them. 
 Then came a moment s pause in the excitement, during 
 which they looked squarely in the face the stern mission on 
 which they were speeding. The evening papers were ex 
 amined, and their great news, the fighting in Baltimore, 
 was discussed. The feeling it aroused was one of resolution 
 and of vengeance. On all hands the hope and the expecta 
 tion were expressed of " going through Baltimore " on the 
 following day. These earnest discussions, as we have said, 
 were in turn succeeded by songs and pleasant talk, and 
 interrupted also by the enthusiasm of the Jerseymen along 
 the route, whose demonstrations prevented sleep, even if 
 the cheery talk and laughter and song had allowed it. 
 " Those fine old songs," writes Fitz James O Brien, " the 
 choruses of which were familiar to all, were sung with sweet 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 43 
 
 voice. We were assured many times, in melodious accents, 
 that the whiskey bottle lay empty on the shelf, and sev 
 eral individuals of that prominent, but not respectable, class 
 known as c bummers were invited to c meet us" on c Ca 
 naan s happy shore. The brave old Harvard song of 
 c Upidee was started, and, shameful to say, Mr. Longfel 
 low s Excelsior seemed naturally to adapt itself to the 
 tune. I do not think the pious monks of St. Bernard 
 would have been edified had they heard themselves alluded 
 to in that profane music." 
 
 The " Notes on the Colors of the National Guard " says 
 that " oranges and other fruit, pies, cakes, bouquets, bottles 
 of wine, pipes, tobacco, sandwiches, boxes of segars, and 
 lots of other things were, in great abundance, at every halt, 
 thrust in through the car windows to the men ; at one 
 place, Burlington, I believe, a party of ladies were found 
 waiting in the street and at the depot, long after midnight, 
 with pails of iced water and tin cups." 
 
 At length, towards two in the morning, the train rolled 
 into the .Broad Street Depot. A messenger came into the 
 car, lantern in hand, and, asking if Colonel Lefferts were 
 there, announced to him that Superintendent Felton was 
 anxiously awaiting him for consultation. 
 
 Here for the present let us leave the regiment. The 
 greater part made their way to the hotels, the Lapierre, 
 Continental, and Girard, while others, at six o clock, re 
 ceived a good impromptu breakfast at the Deaf and Dumb 
 Asylum, finding the superintendent " a man for the emer 
 gency." The hospitality * of the people of Philadelphia, as 
 
 * A letter signed A. A. Curtis, in the New York Herald of April 30, 1861, says: 
 " The people of Philadelphia treated us very well; some of the citizens invited us 
 to their houses to dinner. One poor widow woman opened her house, and gave us* 
 bread and coffee, hot." 
 
 Theodore Winthrop writes: " A mountain of bread was already piled up in the 
 station. I stuck my bayonet through a stout loaf, and, with a dozen comrades 
 armed in the same way, went about foraging for other vivres. It is a poor part of 
 Philadelphia ; but whatever they had in the shops or the houses seemed to be at 
 
44 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 soon as the city was awake, made up all deficiencies in 
 supplies. 
 
 Such w^re the outward circumstances that attended the 
 march of the Seventh Regiment to the war ; but that which 
 gave this event its deep significance, and rendered it nation 
 al and historical, was not on the surface. 
 
 It was the fortune of the National Guard to make the 
 first marked declaration of opinion which committed, de 
 finitively and absolutely, to the war the representative city 
 of the Union. In that early period of darkness and dis 
 tress, when doubts and fears possessed men s minds, and 
 hesitancy and difference of sentiment paralyzed action, the 
 Seventh Regiment boldly declared itself ; and in so doing 
 pledged New York, whose foremost families, whose wealth, 
 and whose influence it represented in its very composition, 
 to the cause of the Union. Its instant demonstration was 
 the one act, which, in crystallizing opinion, fused and fixed 
 New York in allegiance to the flag. The effect upon other 
 militia regiments of the city was immediate and decisive. 
 The same enthusiasm spread through the city, and the 
 splendid uprising which, on the 20th of April, assembled a 
 hundred thousand men in Union Square, was the electric 
 response to the challenge of the National Guard, when, at 
 its meeting three nights before, it pledged itself to the flag 
 and the Union. 
 
 our disposition. I stopped at a corner shop to ask for pork, and was amiably as 
 sailed by an earnest dame, Irish, I am pleased to say. She thrust her last loaf 
 upon me, and sighed that it was not baked that morning for my honor s ser 
 vice. A little farther on, two kindly Quaker ladies compelled me to step in. 
 What could they do? they asked eagerly. They had no meat in the house, but 
 could we eat eggs ? They had in the house a dozen and a half, new laid. So the 
 pot to the fire, and the eggs boiled." 
 
 The " History of the Second Company" preserves the fame of a rubicund Fal- 
 staff of the " City Troop," who visited the company, whiskey bottle in hand, while 
 it was seated in the train expecting to start for Baltimore. Circulating his friendly 
 bottle, he explained that he was a horn-swoggler, i. e. a devotee of good Bourbon; 
 and his " Go in, boys, we re after you," became a favorite byword in the cam 
 paign. 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 45 
 
 At this mighty " mass meeting" the name of the Seventh 
 Regiment was on every lip. The gallant and eloquent Sen 
 ator Baker, of Oregon, who, a few months later, fell at 
 Ball s Bluff, cried, " The Seventh Regiment has gone, let 
 seventy-and-seven follow." General Dix read a despatch 
 which said, " The Seventh Regiment had reached Philadel 
 phia in safety, were on their way to Annapolis, and would 
 thence march to Washington." Governor Raymond said, 
 as the papers report : " 1 understand that General Scott 
 has sent word to this city that the capital is in danger. 
 .... I trust in Heaven that before three days, ay, before 
 two days, at least fifty thousand men will be concentrated 
 at the capital of the country to protect it from the hands of 
 traitors. (Cries of What about the Seventh Regiment ? ) 
 They were in. Philadelphia this morning, and it was deter 
 mined that they would be sent on by water, but I believe 
 the Seventh kicked against it, and were anxious to go 
 through Baltimore. (Great cheering.) The Seventh 
 Regiment, they would recollect, paid a visit to Baltimore, 
 at which time they received the courtesies and hospitalities 
 of their fellow-soldiers there, and they were anxious to see 
 whether these same men had become their enemies and the 
 enemies of their country at the same time. The Seventh 
 was the pet regiment of New York, and well it deserved to 
 be. (Three cheers were given for the Seventh Regiment, 
 during which Mr. Raymond sat down.) " Mr. Halleck 
 " called upon all young men to enroll as volunteers, and 
 to proceed to Washington to strengthen the Seventh Regi 
 ment." Mr. Hull " made allusion," says the report, " to 
 the events at Baltimore, and the rumor that the gallant 
 Seventh Regiment had forced their way through the mob. 
 (Cheers.) The news was not precise as yet, but he would 
 say that if the Baltimoreans had spilt one drop of blood 
 of that New York regiment, the resentment to "follow would 
 be terrible." 
 
46 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 William Curtis Noyes s reference to " the thousand men, 
 the flower of the city of New York," was received with like 
 applause. " What man, by words," said Mr. W. J. A. 
 Fuller, in his speech, " could inspire such military enthu 
 siasm and ardent patriotism as did the roll of the drum 
 and the tread of the New York c Imperial Guard, the gal 
 lant Seventh, as it marched through our streets yester 
 day ? " In fine, alluding to the same great march, the gal 
 lant 0. M. Mitchell, who, like Baker, was an eloquent 
 speaker at this grandest of American mass meetings, and, 
 like Baker, soon sealed that day s pledge with his life, 
 said, according to the report : "I for one will lay my life 
 down. It is not mine any longer. Lead me to the con 
 flict. Place me where I can do my duty. There I am 
 ready to go, I care not where it leads me. My friends, 
 that is the spirit that was in this city on yesterday. I am 
 told of an incident that occurred which drew the tears to 
 my eyes, and I am not much used to the melting mood at 
 all. And yet I am told of a man in your city who had 
 a beloved wife and two children depending upon his per 
 sonal labor day by day for their support. He went home 
 and said, Wife, I feel it is my duty to enlist and fight for 
 my country. /That s just what I ve been thinking of 
 too, said she. God bless you, and may you come back 
 without harm ; but if you die in defence of the country, the 
 God of the widow and the fatherless will take care of me 
 and my children." That same wife came to your citv. 
 She knew precisely where her husband was to pass as he 
 marched away. She took her position on the pavement, 
 and, finding a flag, she begged leave just to stand beneath 
 those sacred folds and take a last fond look on him whom 
 she, by possibility, might never see again. The husband 
 marched down the street, their eyes met, a sympathetic 
 flash went from heart to heart; she gave one shout and 
 fell senseless upon the pavement, and there she lay for not 
 
THE MARCH TO THE WAR. 47 
 
 less than thirty minutes in a swoon. It seemed to be the 
 departing of her life. But all the sensibility was sealed 
 up. It was all sacrifice. She was ready to meet this tre 
 mendous sacrifice upon which we have entered, and I trust 
 you are all ready. I am ready. God help me to do my 
 duty. I am ready to fight in the ranks or out of the ranks. 
 Having been educated in the Academy, having been in the 
 army seven years, having served as commander of a volun 
 teer company for ten years, and having served as an adju 
 tant-general, I feel I am ready for something. I only ask 
 to be permitted to act, and in God s name give me some 
 thing to do." 
 
 Easily may we imagine that, as the report goes on to say, 
 " the scene that followed the close of Professor Mitchell s 
 eloquent and patriotic remarks baffles description. Both 
 men and women were melted to tears, and voices from all 
 parts of the vast multitude re-echoed the sentiments of the 
 speaker, and every one seemed anxious to respond to the 
 appeal to rush to the defence of the country." 
 
48 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER IY. 
 
 THE NEW PATH. 
 
 HEN the Seventh Regiment 
 left New York, it fully ex 
 pected to march through 
 Baltimore to Washington. 
 The news of the fighting in 
 Baltimore had fired it with 
 the ambition of forcing its 
 way instantly through that 
 city ; and the press tele 
 gram of the morning from 
 Philadelphia told the coun 
 try : " The Seventh has ar 
 rived here. The members 
 generally express a desire 
 to go through Baltimore." 
 That desire was doomed 
 to disappointment, as I shall 
 now proceed to recount. 
 
 Immediately on reaching 
 
 Philadelphia, Colonel Lefferts, who had expected to go to 
 Washington by rail, was informed by Mr. Felton, president 
 of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad, 
 that the passage of troops through Baltimore had been for 
 bidden by Governor Hicks, of Maryland, and by Mr. Brown, 
 Mayor of the city, who had telegraphed Mr. Felton to that 
 effect. 
 
 To Colonel Lefferts s response that, if not allowed to go 
 
THE NEW PATH. 49 
 
 peaceably through Baltimore, he must force a path through, 
 Mr. Felton answered that Baltimore could not be reached 
 by the train, as the bridges between that city and Havre de 
 Grace had been destroyed by the mob, the rails torn up. 
 and the track made impassable. This latter objection Colo 
 nel Lefferts saw at once to be fatal to his plan. Mr. Felton 
 expressed his ability to take the train through to Havre de 
 Grace, if that were desired. But the real difficulty, name 
 ly, in getting from Havre de Grace to Washington a 
 distance of eighty miles would still be unsurmounted. To 
 attempt to march his men that distance, unused as they 
 were to campaigning, unprovided with trains, supplies, or 
 even sufficient ammunition, was not for an instant to be 
 thought of. As to the prohibitions of Governor Hicks, 
 Mayor Brown, and the Baltimore people, who had sent on 
 their menaces, Colonel Lefferts freely declared they would 
 not weigh a straw with the regiment. But he saw that it 
 was a physical impossibility for his unprovided force to 
 march through to Washington without being fatally delayed 
 on the route, even if it got through at all. 
 
 As for waiting in Philadelphia till trains, supplies, and 
 ammunition could be accumulated, that, too, would be a 
 fatal delay. The sole aim of Colonel Lefferts that which 
 absorbed all his thoughts and enlisted all his energies was 
 to push through to Washington at the earliest practicable 
 moment, whatever the route. If he waited in Philadelphia, 
 or if he marched on the railroad through Baltimore, the 
 object of his mission, the relief of Washington, would cer 
 tainly be foiled. Promptly, therefore, Colonel Lefferts fixed 
 his attention on other possible routes to Washington. 
 
 Before proceeding, however, to detail the interesting se 
 ries of events that grew out of this new and unexpected 
 turn of affairs, it will be in place to glance at some historic 
 surroundings which are necessary to a complete compre 
 hension of the situation. 
 
 4 
 
50 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 It has been noted, that the revolt of the Marylanders had 
 interposed a bar to the march of troops to Washington. It 
 is now a matter of history that the insurrection in Baltimore 
 was even more serious, that the destruction of the adjoin 
 ing railroad was more thorough, and that the orders not to 
 march through the city were from higher authority, than 
 the Seventh Regiment was aware of in Philadelphia. The 
 mob that fought the Sixth Massachusetts ruled Baltimore 
 for many days ; they pillaged the gun-shops for arms, and 
 the bakeries and dram-shops for supplies. While the 
 Seventh was traversing New Jersey, an armed force from 
 Baltimore captured the train coming from Philadelphia, and 
 burned that night three railroad bridges, the Canton 
 Bridge, Gunpowder Bridge, and Bush River Bridge. It was 
 ten days before, by great energy, the railroad could be rebuilt ; 
 it was twenty-five days before Baltimore was occupied by 
 Union troops ; it was months before soldiers from the North 
 " marched through Baltimore to Washington." 
 
 A letter published in a New York paper of that period, 
 says : 
 
 " I left New York half an hour after the Seventh Regiment ; passed 
 them at Elizabeth ; arrived at Canton, an outskirt of Baltimore, at four 
 o clock on Saturday morning. Found the bridge at that place in flames. 
 The only citizen present beside myself was a friend originally from Balti 
 more. The firing was in charge of a hook and ladder company, a steam 
 fire company, and a company of axemen, the latter numbering about forty 
 men. As soon as the bridge fell, they marched in good order up the 
 railroad to destroy -the main bridges. At this time the Seventh Regi 
 ment was supposed to be about two hours behind us. The women, 
 children, and passengers were deserted wholly by all connected with the 
 train, and left to find the best of their way to Baltimore. My friend 
 and myself walked around the creek ; and on our way to the city found 
 the artillery regiment, with ten brass pieces, assembled, even at this 
 unusual hour, four o clock in the morning, their horses all harnessed, 
 their guns run out into the street, waiting, ready at a moment s call, the 
 object being to attack the Seventh Regiment. The barricades across 
 Pratt Street, composed of carts, timber, anchors, and other objects, then 
 
THE NEW PATH. 51 
 
 presented themselves, with bullet-holes and other marks of violence 
 plainly discernible. Went immediately to the capital. Washington 
 is quiet, though there are many who are dissimulate. All other parts 
 of Maryland seemed to be as one man for secession. Returned to Bal 
 timore on Saturday night. Found the city in the greatest state of ex 
 citement. On Sunday, all the churches were dismissed without service. 
 The streets were crowded with cavalry and troops all day Sunday." 
 
 Reference has been made to the "prohibition" of Gover 
 nor Hicks and Mayor Brown, and to the authority on which 
 they claim to have acted. The following telegrams, not be 
 fore published, will give some idea of the state of Baltimore 
 at that time. The first from Mr. Garrett, President of the 
 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to Hon. G. W. Brown, Mayor 
 of Baltimore (who at that time was in Washington, argu 
 ing with President Lincoln), runs thus : 
 
 " Three thousand Northern troops are reported to be at Cockeysville. 
 Intense excitement prevails. Churches have been dismissed, and the 
 people are arming in mass. To prevent terrific bloodshed, the results of 
 your interview and arrangements with President Lincoln are awaited." 
 
 In two hours came this response from Washington : 
 
 " Your telegram received on our return from our interview with the 
 President and Cabinet, and General Scott. Be calm, and do nothing. 
 I return to see the President at once, and will telegraph again. Wallis, 
 Bruce, and Dobbin are with me." 
 
 Two hours later Mayor Brown telegraphed : 
 " We have again seen the President, General Scott, Secretary of War, 
 and other members of the Cabinet, and the troops are ordered to return 
 forthwith to Harrisburg. A messenger goes with me from General 
 Scott." 
 
 In fact, the President had already written to Governor 
 Hicks and Mayor Brown, on the 20th of April, in answer 
 to the letter they sent by Messrs. Bond, Dobbin, and Bruce, 
 as follows : 
 
 " Troops must be brought here, but I make no point of bringing them 
 through Baltimore. Without any military knowledge myself, of course 
 I must leave details to General Scott. He hastily said in presence of 
 
52 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 these gentlemen [the three messengers], March them around Balti 
 more, and not through it. I sincerely hope the General, on fuller reflec 
 tion, will consider this practical and proper, and that you will not object 
 to it. By this a collision of the people of Baltimore with the troops 
 will be avoided, unless they go out of the way to seek it." 
 
 To such complexion had the national authority come at 
 the hour when the Seventh marched to the relief of Wash 
 ington ! It was not, however, as we have seen, the compact 
 privily struck betwixt the rulers of the Republic and the 
 officials at Baltimore which had determined Colonel Lef- 
 ferts, at Philadelphia, to the course he actually took. Ig 
 norant of that compact, he at once, on receiving from Mr. 
 Felton positive proof of the enemy s destruction of the 
 railroad, sent the following despatch : 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, 5 o clock, A. M., April 20, 1861. 
 HON. S. CAMERON, Secretary of War, Washington. 
 
 SIR, Having arrived at Philadelphia, we are informed by the Presi 
 dent of the Philadelphia and Baltimore Railroad that Governor Hicks 
 states that no more troops can pass. In fact, the Baltimore and Ohio 
 Road refuses to transport. We will wait for instructions. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 This despatch was handed to Mr. Felton for transmission 
 upon a wire from his office, and to be put in cipher, which 
 Mr. Felton said he was then using. 
 
 .Time passed, and again the Colonel telegraphed. No 
 answer came to these messages. Conjecturing (as indeed it 
 proved true) that telegraphic communication had been de 
 stroyed by the enemy, Colonel Lefferts then took the respon 
 sibility of deciding his own route. Two ways only of reach 
 ing Washington were open to him. One of these was by 
 the Potomac River, the other by way of Annapolis. Both 
 routes had advantages, both disadvantages ; the absolute 
 mystery in which the movements of the enemy were 
 then shrouded, and the severance of communication be 
 tween himself and Washington, made the choice a difficult 
 one. He judged it probable, however, that if so far north 
 
THE NEW PATH. 53 
 
 as Baltimore secession was running riotous and rampant, 
 in Virginia affairs would be worse. He judged it probable, 
 also, that the earliest act of the enemy would be to plant 
 batteries along the Potomac, to prevent the passage of 
 transports with troops on board. Moreover, he foresaw 
 the importance of opening, and keeping open, the route 
 from Annapolis to Washington, in any event, for that gath 
 ering militia column from the loyal States, whereof his own 
 regiment was the van. 
 
 Accordingly, Colonel Lefferts chose the route to Annapo 
 lis. At quarter past eight o clock of the same morning he 
 sent the following despatch to New York. The message 
 was sent in a cipher which the Colonel had had the fore 
 sight to arrange with his brother-in-law, Mr. Allen. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, Saturday morning, 8.15 o clock, 
 
 April 20, 1861. 
 W. H. ALLEN, 92 Eeekman Street. 
 
 We cannot go by way of Baltimore. Will go to Annapolis. Require 
 a good vessel and provisions to be sent there immediately. Go with this 
 to William H. Aspinwall and General Sandford. 
 
 M. LEFFERTS. 
 
 This point settled, but one other remained, how best to 
 reach Annapolis. The more obvious way was to take 
 steamer at once at Philadelphia, and proceed thither. Yet 
 it was possible, as Mr. Felton said, to continue on the rail 
 road as far as Havre de Grace, and thence embark for An 
 napolis. On inquiry, however, it was found that the only 
 possibly available vessel at Havre de Grace was the ferry 
 boat Maryland. But as the Rebels had already got so far 
 towards Havre de Grace in their work of destruction, it 
 was probable that, foreseeing this move, they would reach 
 this single ferry-boat, burn or disable it, and so ruin 
 all hopes of reaching Washington in that way. To guard 
 against this contingency, Colonel Lefferts resolved to secure 
 his steamer at Philadelphia, and go by the Chesapeake Bay 
 to Annapolis. In this way he would make success sure, 
 
54 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 while the time lost would be trifling compared with the 
 peril of depending on the safety of this single boat at Havre 
 de Grace. Besides, to go by sea gave a chance of opening 
 communication with government vessels near Fort Monroe, 
 and learning from them the situation of affairs at Wash 
 ington. If the Potomac w T as still free, or if a convoy could 
 be had in case it were closed by batteries, the regiment 
 could be hurried rapidly up the river to the capital ; other 
 wise, the Annapolis project remained open. 
 
 Having decided upon this course, Colonel Lefferts char 
 tered the steamer Boston, and hastily fitted her up. Three 
 days rations of beef and bread, and some extra ammunition, 
 were bought and put on board, and two o clock the same 
 afternoon was fixed as the hour of departure. This vessel 
 Colonel Lefferts chartered and provisioned entirely on his 
 own responsibility, drawing drafts on his firm in New York 
 for the money. The result he was able to announce, as 
 early as eleven o clock that morning, in the following ci 
 pher message to New York : 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, 11 o clock, April 20, 1861. 
 W. H. ALLEN. 
 
 We have chartered the steamer Boston, and shall try to go up to 
 Washington. May return to Annapolis. Show this to same parties. 
 For three hours, messages will reach me at steamer Boston, foot Spruce 
 Street. 
 
 M. LEFFKRTS. 
 
 It is proper here to mention that the course of the com 
 mandant met the warm approval of his officers. When 
 Colonel Lefferts had determined that a change of route was 
 necessary, he assembled the captains of companies in coun 
 cil, and, on presenting to them Mr. Felton, the latter again 
 showed his telegraph despatches from the Maryland officials 
 and the agents of the road, and restated the situation. The 
 officers were all of the same mind with their Colonel ; and it 
 was manifest that a common sentiment animated the whole 
 command. 
 
THE NEW PATH. 55 
 
 It will be remembered that the Eighth Regiment of Mas 
 sachusetts militia left New York some hours before the 
 National Guard. That regiment reached Philadelphia on 
 Friday evening. The obstacles in the path of the Seventh 
 now lay equally in that of the Eighth ; and during Saturday 
 morning the men of the two regiments, encountering each 
 other at the railroad depot and in the streets, exchanged 
 rumors and speculations upon their future course. Differ 
 ent in composition and in experience, the two regiments yet 
 had a great-hearted sympathy of loyalty and honor, which 
 infinitely overlapped the narrow distinctions of accidental 
 circumstance, and at sight they were friends. The differ 
 ence of temperament in the men grim in the one case, 
 gay in the other served afterwards to cement their 
 earner aderie. 
 
 With the Eighth Massachusetts had come Brigadier- 
 General B. F. Butler, who, as a Brigadier-General of the 
 Massachusetts militia, had been put in command of the 
 various regiments already sent by Governor Andrew from 
 that State. In connection with this officer, and his pres 
 ence in Philadelphia contemporaneous with that of the 
 National Guard, it is necessary here to interpose a commen 
 tary upon a certain historical topic which to the Seventh 
 Regiment must ever be of the highest importance. The 
 want of harmony between the officers of the Seventh and 
 Brigadier-General Butler, and the mortification experienced 
 by the latter on finding that Colonel Lefferts declined to 
 put the regiment under his control, in the absence of author 
 ity for such a procedure, induced him, under the prickings 
 of wounded vanity, to put forth some gross misrepresenta 
 tions, and subsequently led some unwise friends of the 
 Massachusetts General to falsify the historic facts of the 
 period whereof we now write. More especially, a very silly 
 effort has been made in some quarters to rob the Seventh 
 Regiment of a part of its well-won laurels, in order to grace 
 
56 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 with a stolen chaplet the brow of General Butler. That por 
 tion of this effort which relates to the credit of " opening the 
 route from Annapolis " (the undivided credit of which But 
 ler s friends modestly claim for him), it is now necessary 
 to pass in review. 
 
 The first relations of Colonel Lefferts and General But 
 ler happened as follows. Early on the morning of the 
 20th April, an aid came to Colonel Lefferts in the depot, 
 saying that " General Butler would like to see him at the La- 
 picrre House." Never having heard of that officer, Colonel 
 Lefferts inquired, in passing, who he was, and observed that 
 he himself was now awaiting despatches from Washington, 
 but would be happy to wait on him at a later hour. About 
 seven o clock Butler himself came down to the depot, and 
 asked Colonel Lefferts " what he proposed to do." The 
 Colonel answered that he had not decided, but was await 
 ing replies from Washington to his messages. There the 
 interview terminated, and General Butler left the depot. 
 
 Here we may pause to note \\ow matters stood with the 
 Massachusetts Brigadier. He had reached Philadelphia the 
 evening before the arrival of the Seventh, at which time, so 
 far as was known, communication remained open to Wash 
 ington. Yet he had not only done nothing,* but seemingly 
 had formed no plan of procedure. On the contrary, as has 
 
 * At eleven o clock, p. M., of the 19th, Governor Andrew, at Boston, received 
 word from Butler at Philadelphia : "We shall go through at once." At midnight 
 another despatch was received from Butler : " I will telegraph again, but shall not 
 be able to get ready as soon as I hnd hoped." 
 
 A letter sent from Philadelphia by a member of the Eighth Massachusetts on 
 the night of the 19th, and published in the Eastern papers a few days later, says: 
 u We have got to push our way through Baltimore, in the morning, at the point of 
 the bayonet. But our boys are determined, and in for it. Our bayonet exercise 
 has got to put the whole regiment through. To tell yon the truth, our boys expect 
 to be split to pieces. But we have all made up our minds to die at our post. We 
 have one great consolation before us : the famous Seventh Regiment of New York 
 will join us to-night, and at three o clock in the morning we expect to take up our 
 line of march. There is an unheard-of hot time before us. We are furnished with 
 no ammunition as yet, and are to rely on our bayonets and revolvers solely." 
 
THE NEW PATH. 57 
 
 been noted above, his frame of mind was that of an inquirer, 
 and his whole interview with Colonel Lefferts consisted in 
 asking what he proposed to do. It puzzles one to know 
 why Butler had not pushed through to Washington when 
 the road was apparently open. Why did not some of that 
 irrepressible energy which broke out later in the day mani 
 fest itself in some determinate action ? Was he waiting for 
 the Seventh, which he knew to be on the way ? Whatever 
 may be the explanation of this incomprehensible inactivity, 
 certain it is that the General cuts a very different figure from 
 the doughty dare-all he appeared, when, several hours later, 
 he had become acquainted with the plan of Colonel Lefferts. 
 
 For when, about 10 A. M., Butler again repaired to -the 
 depot, he was informed by Colonel Lefferts (who, as has 
 been seen, having received definite information of the state 
 of the road to Baltimore, had already, in a despatch to New 
 York, dated 8.15 A. M., announced his decision) that the 
 Seventh Regiment was to proceed by transport to Annapolis. 
 
 This information had a remarkable effect upon General 
 Butler, who, seeing that the Seventh was already on the 
 point of departure, now eagerly attempted to induce Colonel 
 Lefferts to fall in with a plan which he then for the first 
 time revealed. This was that Colonel Lefferts should join 
 his regiment to the Massachusetts force, and that the whole 
 command should go forward to Havre de Grace by rail, and 
 there take a boat the ferry-boat Maryland to Annapolis. 
 
 After hearing all the arguments which General Butler 
 urged for his plan, General Lefferts was compelled to inform 
 him that he regarded his own route, previously chosen, as 
 the wiser, under all the circumstances. But, while the con 
 sultation went on, rumor came that the ferry-boat had been 
 seized and barricaded. General Butler then admitted that 
 it would not be practicable to carry out his first plan, and 
 that the advance by rail must be made in force. 
 
 If Colonel Lefferts had before been at all disposed to va- 
 
58 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 cate his own judgment to make room for General Butler s, 
 this last intelligence would have recalled him from such a 
 purpose. The truth was, however, as we have seen, that 
 he had already gone over the geographical question thor 
 oughly, and, having considered the very plan which General 
 Butler embraced, had deliberately rejected it. Anxious, 
 nevertheless, to reach Washington at the earliest moment, 
 he listened attentively to General Butler s project ; but he 
 could not help pointing out to that officer that the very 
 intelligence just received regarding the Maryland forbade 
 the idea of a conjoined march to Havre de Grace. General 
 Butler was acting on the supposition that the ferry-boat had 
 already fallen into the hands of the enemy.* To imagine 
 that the ferry-boat was already " seized and barricaded " 
 by the Rebels, and yet that its machinery would be left in 
 tact, and the boat unharmed for service, on the approach of 
 a large hostile force, did not seem quite rational to Colonel 
 Lefferts. Yet this was the ground taken by Butler, who 
 proposed to recapture the boat from the enemy. 
 
 Chagrined by the refusal of Colonel Lefferts to abandon his 
 projected route, Butler went about his own business ; but 
 he did not fail to vent his spleen in a despatch transmitted 
 to Governor Andrew, and in which the following words 
 occur : 
 
 " Eleven A. M. Colonel Lefferts has refused to march with me. I go 
 at three o clock to execute this imperfectly written plan.f If I fail, purity 
 of intention will excuse want of judgment or rashness." 
 
 It would be difficult to conceive a more barefaced piece 
 of suppressio veri than is wrapped up in this assertion. 
 
 * This is acknowledged by Parton. " The plan was a little changed in the 
 morning, when the rumor prevailed that the ferry-boat at Havre de Grace had 
 been seized and barricaded by a large force of Rebels. The two companies were 
 not sent forward. It was determined that the regiment should go in a body, seize 
 the boat, and use it for transporting the troops to Annapolis." ( General Butler in 
 New Orleans," p. 18.) 
 
 t "Imperfectly written," indeed, since it must have been formed since the inter 
 view with Colonel Lefferts, less than an hour previous. 
 
THE NEW PATH. 59 
 
 That Colonel Lefferts " refused to inarch with " Butler is 
 true, as this narrative has already shown ; but it has been 
 seen in what sense it is true : it has been made manifest 
 that this refusal on the part of the commander of the Na 
 tional Guards resulted from a careful consideration of the 
 situation, which dictated the rejection of Butler s plan as 
 quixotic and unsure ; and that this plan was cast aside for 
 a line of action previously and independently chosen, and 
 better fitted to realize the one paramount object of the 
 march, to wit, the relief of Washington. We might in 
 deed feel disposed to pass by this despatch as the hasty 
 utterance of a splenetic brigadier ; but we are debarred from 
 such a course by the fact that in the sketch of his life drawn 
 up by Mr. Parton, under Butler s own supervision, the biog 
 rapher has reiterated this calumny in a narrative replete 
 with palpable injustice to the Seventh Regiment. It be 
 hooves us, therefore, to invite the renewed attention of the 
 reader to the actual facts as detailed in this history. 
 
 So far as concerns the implication contained in the de 
 spatches and the book, that to General Butler belongs the 
 sole credit of discovering the military importance of occupy 
 ing Annapolis, and of reaching that point by way of Havre 
 de Grace, this narrative has already set that matter right. 
 The idea occurred to Colonel Lefferts before its announce 
 ment by General Butler. So far as concerns the wisdom 
 of proceeding by rail from Philadelphia to Havre de Grace, 
 or by boat at once to Annapolis, we have also set forth the 
 considerations that governed the officers of the Seventh 
 Regiment. 
 
 If any further proof, however, be wanted on this latter 
 point, General Butler s biographer is the witness to be 
 called. Mr. Parton tells us, as we have seen, that the 
 ferry-boat had been reported as " seized and barricaded by 
 a large force of Rebels." If this were so, these Rebels could 
 unquestionably fire or sink the steamer, or ruin her ma- 
 
60 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 chinery, or even carry her away intact, provided they were 
 not strong enough to check Butler s movement to capture it. 
 As this was the only boat at Havre de Grace, General Butler 
 would have had, at best, to return to Philadelphia, or to wait 
 in that little town till another boat could be sent him. In 
 either case, the delay in reaching Washington would be 
 unpardonable. And General Butler not only risked the 
 destruction of the single transport by the Rebels supposed 
 to hold it, but its destruction by our own forces. Mr. 
 Parton writes thus : 
 
 " I may have to sink or burn your boat, said the General to Mr. 
 Felton. 
 
 " Do so, replied the President, and immediately wrote an order 
 authorizing its destruction if necessary." 
 
 What General Butler had proposed to do with the Eighth 
 Massachusetts, in case either he or the enemy had sunk 
 or burned the ferry-boat, we shall never know. But it is 
 clear that the position of that regiment in neither case 
 would have been enviable.* 
 
 It may be suggested that General Butler discredited the 
 report of the seizure of the ferry-boat. This, however, is 
 disproved by his total change of plan of advance, predicated 
 on a belief in that intelligence ; and it must be owned that 
 the news was at that time probable enough. His biographer 
 also puts the fact beyond doubt by detailing the plan of an 
 attack on the ferry-boat. " General Butler," he says, " went 
 through each car, explaining the plan of attack, and giving 
 the requisite orders. His design was to halt the train one 
 mile from Havre de Grace, advance his two best drilled 
 companies as skirmishers, follow quickly with the regiment, 
 rush upon the barricades and carry them at the point of the 
 
 * Captain Clark, in the " History of the Second Company," suggests that " it is 
 more than probable that General Butler would not have adopted so uncertain and 
 unreliable a route, if he had had the same unlimited credit which the Seventh 
 Regiment possessed in Philadelphia, and which secured for it a steamer and the 
 necessary supplies." 
 
THE NEW PATH. 61 
 
 bayonet, pour headlong into the ferry-boat, drive out the 
 Rebels, get up steam, and start for Annapolis." This was 
 the strategic plan in which the Seventh Regiment respect 
 fully declined to participate. Mr. Parton "keenly regrets 
 the refusal of officers of the favorite New York regiment 
 to join General Butler in his bold and wise movements," 
 but charitably adds that " they doubtless thought that their 
 first duty was to hasten to the protection of Washington, 
 and avoid the risk of detention by the way." 
 
 The fact is, that the Seventh went to Annapolis in the 
 way it originally proposed to go. It had started for Wash 
 ington, and its first duty was to reach that city at the 
 earliest hour : were there any work to do. it would be quite 
 as likely to come there as at any more northerly point. The 
 railroad being hopelessly broken, but two possible routes 
 remained, the one up the Potomac, the other by way of An 
 napolis. Of these the former, if practicable, would be really 
 the shorter, in point of actual hours on the way. Yet, as 
 it was probably blockaded by hostile batteries, the start 
 from Philadelphia was made with the expressed resolve to 
 turn to Annapolis, unless positive official news was received 
 that Washington could be reached sooner by way of the 
 Potomac. To go by rail to Havre de Grace was a mere 
 experiment in an hour which did not admit of doubts. To 
 steam from Philadelphia gave a choice of the Annapolis 
 route or the Potomac, with a certainty of success. The 
 route of the Seventh, and not that of General Butler, was 
 adopted by all succeeding regiments from the North for 
 many and many a day. 
 
 But let us now resume the thread of our narrative. The 
 steamer Boston could not be made ready till four o clock. 
 She was wont to ply betwixt Philadelphia and New York, 
 and on the day of her sudden chartering was ready to start 
 for the latter port with a full cargo. But in five hours 
 time the cargo was out, and the regimental stores and bag- 
 
62 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 gage iii. Between two and three o clock, the sergeants 
 called, " Fall in." Soon after, the regiment was tramping 
 down Jefferson Avenue to the wharf where the Boston lay, 
 and embarked. It was surmised at once that the boat was 
 a " snug fit," with no room to spare ; at 4.20 the hawsers 
 were cast off from the wharf. 
 
 It was an inexpressibly lovely April afternoon, worthy of 
 latter May or June. As the boat left the dock and steamed 
 down the Delaware, the multitude of spectators broke out 
 into hearty cheers, and the men-of-war at the Navy- Yard 
 manned their yards and dipped their colors. The regiment 
 sent back responsive cheers, for the thought of a forward 
 movement filled all faces with smiles and all hearts with 
 joy. Though yet uninformed of their route, an inkling of 
 it had been gained by the troops, and, at all events, they 
 were Southward bound. As the rays of parting day 
 streamed over the boat, lighting up the picturesque groups, 
 and brightening their gay uniforms, arms, and equipments, 
 a memorable scene was presented. " Fellows fumbling in 
 haversacks for rations," writes O Brien in his spirited, 
 sketchy way, " guards pacing up and down, with drawn 
 bayonets ; knapsacks piled in corners ; bristling heaps of 
 muskets, with sharp, shining teeth, crowded into every 
 available nook ; picturesque groups of men lolling on deck, 
 pipe or cigar in mouth, unbuttoned jackets, crossed legs, 
 heads leaning on knapsacks ; blue uniforms everywhere, 
 with here and there a glint of officers red lighting up the 
 foreground." 
 
 Daybreak of Sunday found the regiment on the ocean. 
 Another delicious day had dawned, mild, clear, and 
 bright, the air soft but inspiring, and the sky befitting the 
 latitude the regiment had reached. Very fortunate it was 
 for the regiment that the weather was so propitious. 
 Transports, from time immemorial, .have been the special 
 horror of the soldier. With all provision for comfort, lie 
 
.!,:. hi; .1";" 
 
THE NEW PATH. 63 
 
 usually has a hard lot on shipboard, and much more when 
 the voyage is sudden and without preparation. Lovely as 
 was the starry night, and such indeed were all the days 
 and nights on the Boston, when the members of the 
 Seventh came to compare notes, at five o clock on Sun 
 day morning, regarding their experiences, they found them 
 by no means couleur de rose. 
 
 The thousand and more men filled the craft to over 
 flowing, from the upper cabin to the dark and damp hold. 
 The men slept fti their overcoats wherever they could, 
 some on bags of coal, some on the open deck, some in the 
 close hold, "dovetailed," writes one soldier, " only that 
 there was very little of the dove about it." * However, 
 what was lost in sleep was made up in singing, laughing, 
 and chatting; reveille at five stirred up all the sleepers, 
 and, crowding out, they shook themselves, and indulged in 
 the luxury of a wash in the fire-buckets. Guard-mounting 
 and drill came regularly on the transport, and served, in 
 keeping up the discipline, to remind the gay campaigners 
 that it was no holiday task they had in hand. 
 
 As usual on transports, especially with raw troops, the 
 commissary department was difficult to manage, and the 
 regiment fell far short, both in quantity and quality, of .or 
 dinary army rations. A biscuit or two, and a small bit of 
 
 * Another letter says : "About nine o clock, after we had had supper (which 
 consisted of a piece of meat and a hard cracker, served up in pails, each man 
 taking a chunk of meat on his tin plate), we rolled ourselves up in our blankets, 
 used our knapsacks for pillows, and laid ourselves on the soft, downy planks of the 
 Bo-ton, In >-egular style, the first man putting himself in position, and each man 
 closing in with him. When we wanted to take a turn, we would all have to wake 
 up and turn together." 
 
 The Chaplain of the regiment, the Rev. Dr. S. H. Weston, in his devout and 
 eloquent sermon delivered in St. John s Chapel, after the return to New York, 
 says : " The boat was old and small, and even in smooth water careened so that 
 the men had to be moved from side to side to keep her on an even keel. How so 
 many could be crowded into such narrow quarters is still to me a mystery. What 
 would have been the result, in the event of a heavy storm, it is fearful to contem 
 plate. The lower hold, filled with men, was almost unendurable; with the hatches 
 on, it would have been a Black Hole. " 
 
64 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 beef, comprised the short allowance, to be moistened with 
 " a vision of coffee " ; but the dandies and epicures, tin cup 
 and tin plate in hand, filed up one by one at the order, " Fall 
 in for rations ! " and made up for lack of victuals by sur 
 plus of good-humor. In guard duty, in discussing the grim 
 battle-work believed to be impending, in lounging on the 
 decks, watching the dim line of shore on the horizon and 
 the wheeling ducks and loons, while the slanting sun 
 browned and hardened the pale faces of the city youth, 
 the long day wore away. At eleven o clock, the Episcopal 
 service was read by the Chaplain, Dr. Weston, to such of 
 the men as could get within hearing, and fitting remarks 
 were made thereon. About noon, the capes of Chesapeake 
 Bay were reached. 
 
 Evening drew on apace, and as the -boat sped easily 
 along, it appproached to where it became needful to decide, 
 once for all, whether to continue in Chesapeake Bay to 
 Annapolis, or to deflect therefrom up the Potomac. Ac 
 cordingly, as Colonel Lefferts had designed, the passing 
 boats were hailed, with intent to find out whether the Po 
 tomac was yet blockaded by the enemy ; for, before leaving 
 Philadelphia, Colonel LefTerts had telegraphed to the Secre 
 tary of War his departure, and had asked to be met off 
 Fortress Monroe or at the mouth of the Potomac by a 
 despatch-boat with orders as to the route to Washington. 
 This telegram, the wires being cut by the enemy, never 
 reached Washington ; and accordingly, neither from the 
 light-ship, which was passed and hailed at five o clock, nor 
 from the other vessels in the neighborhood, was any official 
 news, nor any favorable news whatever, to be had. 
 
 The orders now given to the captain of the boat were " to 
 head for Annapolis " till otherwise instructed ; and as to 
 attempt the Potomac with an unarmed, overcrowded trans 
 port might be only losing time, on being driven back by 
 batteries, to Annapolis the boat went on. 
 
THE NEW PATH. 65 
 
 Before nightfall there was no longer any doubt of the 
 proper course. The only news derived during the day had 
 been the story (and perfectly true it proved) of a Yankee 
 skipper, homeward-bound, who related that the enemy 
 (under General Taliaferro) had occupied Norfolk and Ports 
 mouth in force, and that Gosport Navy-yard, with all its 
 immense stores and munitions of war, had been abandoned 
 and burned by our forces, while the very fleet itself had 
 been scuttled and was that moment in flames ! Such a 
 narrative, falling short though it did of the actual truth, 
 portended sweeping triumphs of the enemy, who, with the 
 national fleet destroyed, could hardly fail, not only to 
 blockade the Potomac, but to keep it blockaded. In the 
 councils of the officers on this point, Colonel S. R. Curtis, 
 a West Point officer of sound judgment and of large expe 
 rience in the Regular Army, joined cordially. At this time 
 he was a member of Congress from Iowa ; but he immedi 
 ately re-entered the service as Brigadier-General of volun 
 teers, and very soon as Major-General fought the famous 
 battle of Pea Ridge. He accompanied the regiment from 
 Philadelphia to Washington, and thence wrote to the New 
 York papers a eulogium of its conduct during the expedi 
 tion, to which we shall duly refer. 
 
 As the sun went down, some scores of the finest singers 
 in the regiment sang, grouped together on the deck, melo 
 dious religious hymns. As the softened flood of harmony 
 floated out upon the solemn stillness of the air, the scene, 
 the measureless sea, and the hour, that of parting day, 
 added effect to the chant. The moon rose with matchless 
 beauty to complete the scene ; and the rugged mate of the 
 steamer, glancing toward it, saw three distinct and beautiful 
 circles surrounding it, red, white, and blue ! " There ! " 
 he cried, " is our flag in the sky ! God never will let it be 
 struck down under foot!" A thrill ran through the men as 
 all, looking into the heavens, recognized the phenomenon, 
 
 5 
 
66 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 clear and unmistakable. Cheers and songs greeted the 
 felicitous omen. This event, related in many private let 
 ters, found its way also into print, and was celebrated by 
 some of the poets of the day. 
 
 Soon after midnight the steamer reached the mouth of 
 the Severn. The engines were slowed, and she crept on 
 ward at a snail s pace, waiting for the day. Dawn found 
 the steamer at the mouth of the harbor of Annapolis ; and 
 when the morning fog lifted, it disclosed directly ahead a 
 frigate, with sails unbent, and the stars and stripes flying 
 to the morning breeze. Hearty cheers burst from the 
 crowded decks of the Boston at the sight of the dear em 
 blem. As the steamer came up, the man-of-war hailed, 
 " Let go your anchor ! " This order was repeated many 
 times before it was understood, and meanwhile motions 
 were made, from the frigate to back ; at length her ports 
 were opened, her guns run out, and the gunners took their 
 places. Then the Boston slowed, and was again hailed. 
 " Are you the Seventh Regiment of New York ? " " Yes ! " 
 " Let go your anchor, and send an officer on board." Al 
 ready the anchor was let go and t* boat lowered, when a 
 naval officer put off from the frigate, reached the Boston, 
 and quickly returned to his own ship, accompanied by 
 Colonel Lefferts. It was the renowned frigate Constitu 
 tion, the school-ship of the Naval Academy, saved, as .his 
 tory has recorded, from falling in her old age into the 
 hands of the enemy watching to seize her. 
 
 The greeting received by the Boston showed that her 
 arrival had been expected. Yonder, half a mile farther 
 on, was the. steamer Maryland, hard and fast on a mud- 
 bank ; and her decks were crowded with the Eighth Massa 
 chusetts, their bayonets glittering in the sun. And in the 
 distance, farther up the beautiful bay, girt with its verdure- 
 clad banks, rich in Maryland farms and plantations, rose 
 the roofs and spires of Annapolis. 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 
 
 67 
 
 CHAPTER Y. 
 
 THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 
 
 HEN, on the morning of 
 April 22d, the steamer 
 Boston dropped anchor in 
 front of the little capital 
 of Maryland, the National 
 Guard discovered that their 
 comrades of the Eighth 
 Massachusetts had reached 
 the harbor of Annapolis 
 before them. The Mary 
 land, however, was aground, 
 and the sorry plight in 
 which the Seventh found 
 their gallant friends re 
 moved all disposition to 
 banter them. Whether 
 from the crowded freight 
 of men, or the negligence 
 of the pilot, the Maryland, 
 
 after waiting in the harbor from early dawn of Sunday to 
 that of Monday without landing her troops, was, in the cap 
 tain s mano3uvres, stuck fast in the mud. However, a 
 good service had been rendered in the interim by General 
 Butler, who, at the request of Captain Blake, commanding 
 the Constitution, had towed Old Ironsides away from the 
 shore to a safe distance from the hostile militia, who men 
 aced each moment to seize her. Besides this, General But 
 
68 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ler had had a day s wrangling with Maryland authorities, 
 who wished to prevent him from landing.* 
 
 Colonel Lefferts now promptly addressed himself to the 
 task of landing and occupying Annapolis in force. He had 
 already, in a letter written the previous day, informed Gen 
 eral Sandford of the movements of the regiment, and now 
 appended thereto a hasty postscript. The following is the 
 letter, with its postscript; they verify what has already 
 been said regarding the Annapolis route : 
 
 ON BOARD STEAMER BOSTON, 
 Sunday, 3 o clock, p. M , April 21, 1861. 
 GENERAL SANDFORD. 
 
 I sent a cipher despatch yesterday to W. H. Allen, 92 Beekman Street. 
 the translation of which I requested might be handed to you, and also to 
 William H. A spin wall. I fear, however, that some trouble may have been 
 experienced in making it out. I therefore repeat the substance of it. 
 
 We arrived in Philadelphia about daylight on Saturday morning. I 
 was informed by the president of the railroad between Philadelphia and 
 Baltimore that we could not go by way of Baltimore ; that Governor 
 Hicks, the Mayor, etc., had telegraphed that no more troops must come 
 that way. I should still have forced my way, but was informed by the 
 same authority that the Baltimore and Ohio Road refused to transport, 
 and that bridges had been burnt, etc. I then turned my attention to 
 some other route. Later in the day I was informed by the Quarter 
 master-General of Philadelphia that he had a despatch from Government 
 stating that communication was cut off between Baltimore and Washing 
 ton. I then chartered the steamer on which we now are, and, at the 
 time of writing this, am entering Chesapeake Bay. I telegraphed to 
 the Secretary of War, immediately on our arrival at Philadelphia, that 
 we could not go through, and were waiting for instructions. I. received 
 no answer to this up to the time of my departure, so that I was com 
 pelled to act upon my own responsibility. Upon leaving, I again tele 
 graphed him through the only channel open (the president of the Phila 
 delphia and Baltimore Road), that we would leave that P. M. by steamer 
 for Washington. I expected, therefore, on reaching this point (off Fort 
 
 * Here was a second instance of masterly inactivity on General Butler s part. 
 He had passed an entire day and night in exchanging missives with the Annapolis 
 authorities about landing his troops. On the other hand, as we shall presently see, 
 Colonel Lefferts, though arriving with his regiment so much later, was the first to 
 land his troops and take possession of the town. 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 69 
 
 Monroe) some kind of instruction, but see no Government vessels in 
 sight. I have decided to go on as far as the mouth of the Potomac, and, 
 should there be no Government vessel there, shall proceed to Annapolis 
 to keep open that line of communication, an indispensable necessity in 
 future operations. Upon arriving at Annapolis, I shall of course be 
 guided by circumstances. We may have to march from thence to Wash 
 ington, without Government controls the railroad. Of course I am 
 placed in a very embarrassing position, but must do the best I can, 
 keeping in view the object we had when we started. I forgot to say 
 that, in the cipher despatch to W. H. Allen, I requested that you would 
 immediately cause a vessel with supplies to be sent to Annapolis, as it is 
 only a town of some eight hundred inhabitants, and those not friendly ; 
 and, should we be compelled to intrench ourselves at that place, we 
 might have difficulty in provisioning. 
 
 Monday morning, 8.30 o clock. 
 
 We have arrived at Annapolis, and find some of the Massachusetts 
 troops here. We shall land, and endeavor to make our way to Wash 
 ington. We should have reinforcements and provisions sent here at 
 once. I can give no further information. There is considerable ex 
 citement. 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 
 He also prepared the following telegram, to be sent 
 through General Butler. It is dated at 1 P. M., " on board 
 steamer Boston," and is addressed to Secretary Cameron : 
 
 " My command, about one thousand strong, arrived and ready for 
 duty. All well Provisions short. Colonel Curtis, who is with me, 
 volunteers in any capacity." 
 
 The luckless Maryland was, as we have seen, aground ; 
 and the Seventh Regiment asked themselves what the con 
 dition of things would have been had they been on Butler s 
 transport, fixed on the bar. However, instead of hurrying 
 to gain for his own regiment the glory of first occupying 
 Annapolis, Colonel Leiferts, when informed by Captain 
 Blake, on his visit to the Constitution, of the sorry plight 
 of the Massachusetts regiment, expressed his desire to 
 use the Boston at once for towing her consort off 
 from the shoal where she had stuck hard and fast. Ac- 
 
70 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT- 
 
 cordingly, when the tide rose, the Boston steamed up to 
 the Maryland to assist her. The persevering Massachu 
 setts lads had for hours been resorting to all sorts of devices 
 to get clear, and had put forth herculean efforts ; they threw 
 over baggage-trucks, coal, crates, shifted themselves forward 
 and aft, and ran suddenly from side to side, but all in vain. 
 Now the Boston gave them a hawser, and tugged for hours 
 at the top of her engine-power ; all, too, in vain. 
 
 Meanwhile, Colonel Lefferts and a few of his officers had 
 gone ashore to consult with the officers of the Naval School, 
 and to learn from them the situation. Communication was 
 opened in this way, also, with General Butler, who had, as 
 we shall presently see, requested Colonel Lefferts s advice 
 and co-operation in endeavoring to land his troops. Colonel 
 Lefferts was met by the Mayor of Annapolis, who formally 
 protested against his landing. He replied that he should 
 be obliged not only to land, but to force his way through to 
 Washington, and that, for the " bloodshed " they predicted, 
 those must be responsible who should oppose. The naval 
 officers, being then appealed to by the Mayor to testify 
 upon the sentiment of the people of Maryland, confessed 
 that it was so impregnated with " States rights " that they 
 seemed disposed to resist any " invasion " of their soil by any 
 forces. Colonel Lefferts again responded that his regiment 
 had been ordered to go to Washington, and would go, 
 peaceably if they could, forcibly if they must. 
 
 Returning, soon after noon, to the steamer, Colonel Lef 
 ferts determined to land his regiment. But first he caused 
 the effort to relieve the Maryland to be continued some 
 hours longer. This labor, however, for the sake of the 
 main enterprise and of the comfort of both regiments, had 
 at length to be ended. Crowded and half famished, de 
 barred so long from sleep and from exercise, the Seventh 
 were anxious to get ashore and to be on their way. As for 
 the Massachusetts men, they had suffered still more from 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 71 
 
 fatigue, famine, and want of sleep; for General Butler s 
 movement having taken little thought of failure or delay, 
 had been conducted without sufficient rations. Mr. Parton 
 tells us the hapless men of the Eighth were " packed as 
 close as negroes in the steerage of a slave-ship " ; that " the 
 General trod upon many a growling sleeper " ; that the 
 ration served out was " the allowance of a biscuit, an inch 
 of salt pork, and a tin cup half full of water " ; that the men 
 were " tired and hungry, black with coal-dust, and torment 
 ed with thirst, the General himself not tasting a drop of 
 liquid for twelve hours " ; and that " his men were almost 
 fainting for water." The Chaplain of the Seventh adds : 
 " Some in their agony drank salt-water, and became de 
 lirious." Grimy and haggard, their faces black with the 
 coal-dust in which they had been living, their stomachs 
 empty, their muscles tired with tugging, the gallant fellows 
 were hardly less glad than the Seventh, when the latter, 
 heading towards the government dock, called out that they 
 would send back the steamer to relieve and debark them. 
 
 At five o clock the Boston touched the wharf, and the 
 regiment marched to the green slope stretching down from 
 the Academy to the Severn, and so encamped at Annapolis, 
 the pioneers of the war in occupying that city. 
 
 The route of the regiment had now been vindicated in 
 practice, as it had before been sanctioned by theory. The 
 voyage from Philadelphia was a rough initiation into service, 
 but not to be compared, as we have seen, with the experi 
 ence of the Eighth under General Butler. These hardships 
 would have been intensified by the more than double pres 
 sure proposed to be put upon the single transport and its 
 supplies. The Eighth was 724 strong; the Seventh, 991. 
 Of course it would have required three trips and three 
 return trips for the Maryland to have taken them all, 
 " packed as close as negroes in a slave-ship " at that. These 
 six trips, and the time of embarkation and disembarkation, 
 
72 HISTORY OP THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 would have brought the whole force into Annapolis many 
 hours later than by the Seventh Regiment s route. A 
 part of the Seven th, if not the whole, would have been left 
 behind at Havre de Grace, unless it had countermarched 
 to Philadelphia, nor would there have been any Boston at 
 hand to help the stranded Maryland. Such was the union 
 of discomfort, delay, and mishap which the Seventh had 
 declined. 
 
 A large detail was at once put on guard, at the dock, 
 over the baggage and stores, and around the temporary 
 encampment arid its stacked arms ; another detail was 
 made for fatigue duty in unloading the steamer, so giving a 
 broad hint to the new campaigners that a good soldier 
 must occasionally be something of a porter ; and there was 
 soon, too, a busy attendance on the company messes, with 
 " buckets of cooked meat and crackers." Then the men 
 bade good by to their transport Boston,* which Colonel 
 Lefferts sent back to the aid of the Massachusetts men, all 
 of whom were landed before dawn. 
 
 The batch of Maryland protests against the Seventh s in 
 vasion was not all unladen. The Mayor and a delegation 
 of the citizens met Colonel Lefferts in the town and dis 
 bursed the balance. To hint, menace, entreaty, argument, 
 that officer only replied that they must talk about those 
 things at Washington, whither he was bound at all speed. 
 His Honor Mr. Mayor of Annapolis then modestly requested 
 that Colonel Lefferts would take his regiment outside of the 
 city, adding that its presence " was a great outrage, would 
 lead to trouble," etc. " That rests with yourselves," re 
 joined the Colonel : " if let alone, we shall disturb nobody ; 
 
 * " Good by to her, dear old, close, dirty, slow coach ! " cries Winthrop. " She 
 served her country well in a moment of trial. Who knows but she saved it ? It 
 was a race to see who should first get to Washington; and we and the Vir 
 ginia mob, in alliance with the District mob, were perhaps nip and tuck for the 
 goal." 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 73 
 
 
 
 but you must keep hands off." In order, however, to show 
 that he had no other than the most peaceable designs, Colo 
 nel Lefferts offered to leave immediately for Washington, 
 provided the Annapolis authorities would supply the regi 
 ment with provisions and wagons for the sick and wounded, 
 adding that the full price would be paid. The Mayor made 
 answer that wagons could not be furnished ; and so these 
 high diplomacies came to an end. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts next called his officers together, and laid 
 before them the facts reported to him by the United States 
 officers and others with regard to the condition of Mary 
 land. All communication with Washington had been cut ; 
 Baltimore as long ago as Friday was in arms ; Annapolis 
 was hostile ; Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport Navy-yard 
 had fallen ; the railroad had been torn up by the enemy be 
 tween Annapolis and Washington ; the Seventh Regiment 
 was in the van (save for the heroic Sixth Massachusetts) 
 of the armed and equipped militia, marching to relieve the 
 menaced capital, and what delays it had met ! It seemed 
 probable that Washington must have already fallen. It 
 was therefore resolved to press forward early in the morn 
 ing by forced marches to Washington. Aware of the impor 
 tance of reopening the railroad thither, the regiment would 
 gladly have undertaken that task ; but the unknown fate of 
 Washington, which might be sealed by a single hour s de 
 lay, forced it to choose the bolder alternative of marching 
 at once by the turnpikes. Preparations were therefore 
 made for an early march on the following (Tuesday) morn 
 ing ; and as the regiment had only ten rounds of ammuni 
 tion, and no provisions beyond the morning s ration, means 
 were promptly taken to procure supplies. 
 
 Already the regiment had been drawn from the green 
 sward into the old fort, whose scanty quarters were soon 
 occupied with the tired troops, rolled up in their blankets, 
 with knapsacks for pillows, and enjoying the unwonted lux 
 
74 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 
 
 ury of sleeping at full length on the floor or the ground. 
 Maugre the closeness, it was a paradise to- the Boston, and 
 the hospitable midshipmen kindly took as many as possible 
 of their new friends into their own rooms in the navy build 
 ings. The cooks, who had supplied hot coffee wherewith to 
 moisten the Seventh s rations of salt pork and beef, prom 
 ised greater favors for the morning ; in short, the whole 
 Academy, from commandant to servant, treated the Seventh 
 with great kindness. Save the strong detail for guard, who 
 now, in the white moonlight, for the first time paced their 
 beats in a hostile country, the regiment was overcome with 
 refreshing sleep. 
 
 Before sunrise the regiment was astir, and more new sen 
 sations were enjoyed, awash at the pump and a break 
 fast on the grass. It was a queer, ancient, somnolent city 
 on whose outskirts the regiment was now posted, " looking 
 very much," said O Brien, in marching through it, "as if 
 some celestial school-boy, with a box of toys under his arm, 
 had dropped a few houses and men as he was going home 
 from school, and the accidental settlement was called An 
 napolis." The ancient structures along its narrow and 
 winding streets were interspersed with some finer mansions, 
 and towering above them was the old State House, where 
 Washington resigned the. command of the first Union army. 
 The fort, half a century old, and shabby enough for pur 
 poses of defence, was set off by the fine Academy buildings 
 and the pretty grounds, and even by its grimly protruding 
 muzzles, over which waved the national ensign. The uni 
 forms of the cadets (pleasant and well-bred fellows), and 
 those of their new comrades, the Seventh, decorated the 
 scene. The long, slender piers stretched into the pictu 
 resque bay, where lay the Constitution, Maryland, and Bos 
 ton. The day was very warm, but charming.* 
 
 * Theodore Winthrop humorously notes the general hair-cutting, or, as we 
 might say, the shaving of heads, according to the inevitable rite of the priesthood 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 75 
 
 Officers and men were making ready for instant march, 
 hastily writing a few words home, knowing not what a day 
 might bring forth. Some of these letters, or extracts from 
 them, written that morning, found their way into the papers 
 of New York. One, from an officer, says : 
 
 " We shall shortly march for Washington. Cannot get horses, and 
 shall have to leave our baggage and any unable to march. We are in 
 an enemy s country, and cannot buy even an egg. Very many of us slept 
 on the ground last night, but the weather was warm and pleasant. We 
 expect to have fighting by the way to Washington. Men in good 
 spirits." 
 
 Another, dated " Annapolis, April 22, 9 o clock," and 
 signed J. H. A., says : - 
 
 " We expect to march from here to Washington to-day The 
 
 boys talk of nothing but war, and are true to the Union to a man." 
 
 A third closes spiritedly in these words : 
 
 " We are all resolved to do our duty, and die, if need be, marching 
 under the flag and keeping time to the music of the Union. The con 
 viction is that, even if we are all killed, such a feeling will be excited 
 throughout the country, that all the Union men of all the States will 
 rally to the call of the drums, and put down rebellion and treason. 
 
 " GEORGE." 
 
 A fourth says : 
 
 " I stand it much better than some of the poor devils around me, who 
 faint from privation and fatigue. We are now on shore, in one of the 
 finest countries I have ever seen, with plenty of good water. Rumors fly 
 thick that we are surrounded by enemies on every side, and will have a 
 bloody march of it. We went at the call of duty to do service for our 
 country, and not only am I prepared to suffer fatigue, but to spill my 
 blood in her cause. The war feeling predominates, and we are to 
 march." 
 
 A fifth soldier writes to the Evening Post : 
 
 " We were finally quartered for the night in the old fort built during 
 
 who sacrifice at the altars of Bellona, and without which no recruit would believe 
 himself a soldier. " It was the day we had our heads cropped. By evening there 
 was hardly one poll in the Seventh tenable by anybody s grip." 
 
76 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the war of 1812. Never did men enjoy sleep more than we did, as we 
 rolled ourselves up in our blankets and stretched out at full length, 
 with a knapsack for a pillow. This was a luxury not before enjoyed by 
 many of us since we had left New York ; for our boat was so excessively 
 crowded that only a favored few could so indulge. The Massachusetts 
 troops, whom we found here on our arrival, disembarked this morning 
 from the ferry-boat. 
 
 " H. E. T." 
 A sixth writes home : 
 
 " The war seems to have begun, and I have got into the sport ; but I 
 am determined to stand by the stars and stripes to the bitter end. I 
 shall do my duty at every hazard. We will show these traitors, before 
 we are through with them, that we are as brave as they ; I believe that 
 God and the right are on our side, and we must succeed. 
 
 E. C." 
 
 A seventh, W. E. C., says : 
 
 " DEAR FATHER, We arrived here last night. We have taken 
 entire possession of this town. If we had not, the Rebels would, so we are 
 very comfortable now. The Rebels have all the rails up from here to 
 Washington." 
 
 An eighth, from on board the Boston, writes : 
 
 " All are well and in good spirits, and we will give a good account of 
 ourselves. The secession men have everything on the Potomac, and it 
 is reported to us that Washington is in their hands. We are going 
 there, at all events, or we will be heard of no more. 
 
 " Tell the Union boys to come along in strength ; there is work to do, 
 and it must be done at once. 
 
 " Thank God, this regiment is a unit, and will do its duty." 
 
 A ninth, from the same place, says : 
 
 " We are about to land and march to Washington, by force, if 
 necessary. We expect to fight." 
 
 A tenth, C. R. S., says : 
 
 " The supposition is that we shall fight all the way through, as it is 
 reported that there are 15,000 soldiers ready to oppose." 
 
 But these examples will doubtless suffice to show the tone 
 and spirit of the Seventh at Annapolis. These letters were 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 77 
 
 av writ-couriers in that mighty host of u soldiers letters " 
 which for four years thereafter continually went North 
 from " the front," to straining eyes and beating hearts at 
 home. 
 
 All, it is seen, were alert for the expected start ; but 
 checks, unlocked for and vexatious, interposed. Early in 
 the morning the quartermaster and his party began to hunt 
 after transportation suitable for the baggage, supplies, am 
 munition, and sick, on the road to Washington. But ser 
 viceable animals and wagons could not be procured at any 
 price, the very few secured, after much exertion, being 
 unfit for the exigencies expected. Provisions, too, were 
 only with the greatest difficulty obtained. Cash down was 
 demanded and paid for everything, especially as the city 
 still claimed to be loyal. 
 
 At this juncture Colonel Lander and one other messenger 
 came in from Washington. General Scott, troubled at the 
 delay of the regiment, had sent forward no less than eight 
 messengers with despatches to Annapolis. Of these eight 
 messengers two only got through ; the rest were stopped by 
 falling into the hands of the enemy, or from other causes.* 
 Colonel Lander also had been captured by scouts, but by 
 a ruse de guerre escaped. His news was that the " situ 
 ation of affairs at Washington was extremely critical, and 
 that the Government was intensely anxious that the Seventh 
 Regiment should hasten to its relief." This intelligence 
 strengthened Colonel Lefferts in his purpose to push through 
 by the wagon-road, rather than to delay at all in repairing 
 the railroad track. Efforts were redoubled to secure rations, 
 ammunition, and a makeshift of a train. But soon after 
 another messenger came in, direct from Washington, with 
 later despatches from head-quarters to the commanding 
 
 * Commissary Patten, who had been sent through to Washington by Colonel 
 Lefferts before communication was destroyed, was twice made prisoner by the 
 Marvlanders. 
 
78 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 officer of the Seventh Regiment. These despatches an 
 nounced the safety of the city thus far, and suggested to 
 Colonel Lefferts that while he should push through rapid 
 ly, yet it would be also desirable for him to endeavor, as 
 he marched, to reopen railroad communication with the 
 North. 
 
 All entered heartily into the execution of this plan. 
 Two companies of the Eighth Massachusetts had already 
 occupied the depot, and had begun the work of mending 
 the track. The story of their exploits is immortal. Find 
 ing an old locomotive, damaged and useless, in a locked-up 
 storehouse, they set to work to repair it. Charles Ho- 
 mans, of Company E, found the engine an old acquaintance, 
 " Our shop made her," and he and his associates soon 
 had it in running order. Before nightfall the machine 
 was ready, and the track, for about three miles, repaired. 
 
 To divert, meanwhile, the forebodings of delay among his 
 own men, and to keep them well in hand, Colonel Lefferts, 
 in the forenoon, had held a parade and drill, with a review by 
 Captain Blake. Prominent citizens and their families were 
 admitted to the ground, and carried away wondrous stories 
 of the prowess of the Seventh. On the other hand, the cour 
 tesy and liberality of the men told, in their way. The petty 
 traders and negro boys swarmed around the school, to ex 
 change for " fips " fruits and cakes which had cost pennies. 
 The officers paid generously for such scanty provisions as 
 could be had. So, what with generosity and soldierly bear 
 ing, the Seventh, before it left Annapolis, had half van 
 quished its undecided population. Nevertheless, there were 
 many threats of violence, ominous gatherings of militia, 
 and reckless adventurers around the town, and menaces of 
 attacking the Academy. 
 
 By sunset, Colonel Lefferts s preparations were made for 
 the march. He therefore wrote and forwarded the follow 
 ing to Governor Morgan of New York : 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 79 
 
 " SIR, Upon the arrival of my command at Philadelphia, I found it 
 impracticable to reach Washington via Baltimore, and, after waiting 
 eight hours for answer from the Secretary of War, I made up my mind, 
 from all the information I could gather, that Annapolis would of neces 
 sity become a most important point or military base. I immediately 
 chartered a steamer and embarked for this place, and was the first to 
 land, and feel I have done already some little service to the government. 
 
 " The Massachusetts troops, or, at least, a portion of them, passed from f 
 Philadelphia via Havre de Grace. To-morrow morning at daylight I 
 leave for Washington via Annapolis and Baltimore Railroad, and may 
 have to march forty miles, as the people have torn the rails, bridges, etc. 
 We sha.ll also have fighting. I have yesterday and to-day had couriers 
 from Washington, and I am directed to press on. 
 
 " I have been detained twenty-four hours for want of sufficient funds 
 to provision the men for a three days march. I hear to-day of fresh 
 troops to arrive, and, in my judgment, they are needed here to replace 
 us as soon as we leave, so as to keep the communication open." 
 
 While Colonel Lefferts was sending this report to his su 
 perior officer, the Governor of New York, General Butler 
 was sending a report on his part to his superior officer, the 
 Governor of Massachusetts. The word which General But 
 ler sent was that he was waiting to be reinforced from the 
 North before going to Washington ; and the proof thereof 
 is contained in the official " Abstract of the Operations of 
 the Massachusetts Troops, under the Command of Briga 
 dier-General Butler," published from the Executive Depart 
 ment of that State, on the 24th, and in which it was an 
 nounced that " General Butler and his forces on Tuesday 
 evening were eagerly awaiting the arrival of the Fifth 
 (Massachusetts) Regiment, with its accompanying artillery, 
 battery, and rifle battalion, upon the arrival of which, to 
 g-ether with the New York regiments which departed for 
 Annapolis on Sunday and Monday, they would be fully able 
 to open and maintain communication between Annapolis 
 and Washington." In New York, the following day the 
 same news was announced by the editor of the Times, 
 on authority of a special messenger just from Annapolis, 
 
80 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 who declared that as it was " believed that the Rebels 
 were collected in the vicinity of the road, to the number 
 of 12,000 or 15,000, General Butler did not deem it pru 
 dent to move forward until he had been reinforced." 
 
 These facts are here mentioned, because they show that 
 General Butler was again waiting for reinforcements here 
 as at Philadelphia ; and as he has taken occasion to of 
 fensively charge the Seventh Regiment with doing this, and 
 to imply that he did not so wait, it is necessary to put the 
 official fact on the record. The messages sent to the re 
 spective governors tell the whole story. Colonel Lefferts 
 deemed reinforcements a necessity, and had written to have 
 them pushed forward ; but it clearly appears that he had 
 ordered his march without reference to their previous ar 
 rival. Their approach at midnight, after the march had 
 be en arranged the previous evening for daylight, was sim 
 ply a happy circumstance. 
 
 For, in fact, at sunset, the arrangements for the march 
 were substantially made. The provisions of pork and 
 crackers had been bought, and during the night these were 
 packed. Orders were issued for the Second Company 
 (Captain Clark), the Sixth (Captain Nevers), and a de 
 tachment of the Tenth, under Lieutenant Bunting, to start 
 at four o clock, A. M., along the railroad towards Annapolis 
 Junction. A messenger (Mortimer Thompson) crossed the 
 bay in an open boat to carry to New York tidings of the 
 proposed march, with directions to forward supplies to 
 Washington. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment s march from Annapolis to Wash 
 ington presents now, with the mighty events of a four 
 years war intervening, a very different appearance from 
 that of April, 1861. Maryland was then mainly in hostile 
 possession. Lander, a dashing officer, whose heroic life 
 was soon afterwards thrown away in an heroic exploit, 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 81 
 
 on reaching the Naval Academy, on the 23d, and consult 
 ing with the officers of the Seventh Regiment, said, accordr 
 ing to Colonel Clark, who, as Captain, was present at the 
 interview, that, " in his opinion, derived from personal 
 observation, the regiment would meet with serious resist 
 ance upon the road to Washington, and could not expect 
 to reach that point without a loss of 200 or 300 men. The 
 party by whom he had been arrested numbered 400 men, 
 and all the roads were infested with troopers and bush 
 whackers. Yet so perilous was the situation of affairs at 
 Washington, that he advised a forward movement at any 
 cost ; and as it was impossible to make suitable provision 
 for the conveyance of sick or wounded men, that they be 
 left upon the road, to the mercy and humanity of the Mary- 
 landers." 
 
 Captain Blake and Lieutenant Matthews were equally 
 impressed with the hostile sentiment of Eastern Maryland, 
 and expressed their opinion that the Seventh Regiment s 
 inarch to Washington would be sharply contested. " Five 
 minutes after we had landed," says Chaplain Weston, "the 
 officer in command of the Naval School informed me that, 
 if we made a forced march, we might possibly carry two 
 
 thirds of our number through All declared we 
 
 would meet with a warm reception." Governor Hicks and 
 Quartermaster Miller held the same opinion. They in 
 formed General Butler and Colonel Lefferts of the set pur 
 pose of the Marylanders to resist the passage of troops over 
 their soil. " Large parties of secessionists," the officers of 
 the Constitution declared, had been round that ship every 
 day, " noting her assailable points. The militia of the 
 county were drilled in sight of the ship during the day 
 time ; during the night, signals were exchanged along the 
 banks and across the river." Bodies of infantry and cavalry 
 were observed by scouts around the town, and the militia 
 paraded in Annapolis. 
 
82 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 General Butler was also much impressed by the gravity 
 of the situation. At Philadelphia he bought intrenching 
 tools, on the theory that " all Maryland was supposed to be 
 in arms " ; and in that city, when he assembled his officers 
 for consultation on his proposition to go forward, he de 
 clared that, " as some might consider it rash and reckless, 
 he was resolved to take the sole responsibility himself. 
 He therefore caused thirteen revolvers to be put on his 
 table at the Girard House, and, says his biographer, " tak 
 ing up one of the revolvers, he invited every officer who 
 was willing to accompany him to signify it by accepting a 
 pistol. The pistols were all instantly appropriated." In 
 the same conviction, he marched upon Havre de Grace with 
 skirmishers deployed so as to " rush upon the barricades, 
 and carry them at the point of the bayonet." Arrived at 
 Annapolis at midnight, he found the whole town, says his 
 biographer, " awake and astir. Rockets shot up into the 
 sky. Swiftly moving lights were seen on shore, and all 
 the houses in sight were lighted up. Noting these signs 
 of disturbance, he cast anchor, and determined to delay his 
 landing till daylight." He found the frigate Constitution 
 " surrounded by a population stolidly hostile to the United 
 States," with the local militia drilling in sight of her, and 
 throwing up signals such as he had seen on arriving. He 
 rescued the Constitution, while " groups of sulky secesh 
 stood scowling around and muttering execrations," and in 
 his official order on that subject, he declared the frigate to 
 have been " substantially at the mercy of the armed mob, 
 which sometimes paralyzes the otherwise loyal State of 
 Maryland." Accordingly, General Butler sent word, as 
 we have seen, that he was awaiting reinforcements before 
 proceeding to Washington ; and meanwhile, with a view to 
 conciliating a popular sentiment which he found so threaten 
 ing, on this same Tuesday, the 23d, he offered the Massa 
 chusetts men to the task of protecting the slave property of 
 
THE SEVENTH AT ANNAPOLIS. 83 
 
 the neighborhood of Annapolis, and, addressing Governor 
 Hicks by letter, begged him "to announce publicly that 
 any portion of the forces under my command is at your 
 Excellency s disposal " to quell a negro insurrection which 
 he imagined to be impending. Such was General Butler s 
 view of the situation.* 
 
 While preparing for his march, on Tuesday, Colonel 
 Lefferts, that he might have the regiment instantly ready 
 for any service, allowed no straggling into the city, and 
 required the camp guard-duty to be performed with the 
 utmost care and precision. The regiment took pride, in 
 turn, in showing themselves true soldiers, who understood 
 discipline and were prompt at duty ; and when, late on 
 Tuesday night, rockets from the Constitution were thrown 
 
 * Mr. Parton. in his biography of General Butler, from which the preceding facts 
 and citations are collected, meets at this point a difficulty. As the New York 
 Seventh and the Eighth Massachusetts were at Annapolis together, the glory of 
 the march thi ough Maryland" is one which they must share in common. This, 
 however, is not, apparently, what General Butler s biographer desires. His purpose 
 seems to be to get all the laurels for his own hero. Hence he paints the difficulties 
 and dangers which surrounded General Butler in the highest colors; but the same 
 difficulties and dangers, when speaking of the Seventh, he draws in caricature. 
 But, in the latter case, he obviously renders Butler s revolver scene, strategic 
 advance on Havre de Grace, and historic " capture of the Constitution," by which 
 latter, as Butler s thrasonical order said, " the blood of our friends shed by the 
 Baltimore mob is in so far avenged," all a travesty and farce. The truth is that 
 Butler s actual view of the situation is that ah-eady given in the text, the one 
 taken not only by the Mayor and citizens of Annapolis, who talked with him and 
 with Colonel Lefferts, but also by officers of such experience and attested courage 
 as Colonels Lander and Curtis, and Captain Blake and his lieutenants. General 
 Butler was at that time an obscure militia officer, whose martial exploits were in 
 their infancy, and whose professional military judgment was not valuable. That 
 he was annoyed at the slight attention which the officers of the Seventh Regiment 
 gave to his suggestions is natural, but there was no reason then for their doing 
 otherwise. His course hitherto had been extravagant, his notions of military 
 authority were crude, he refused to understand why a march could not be under 
 taken -without food, and told Captain Blake, " I have got no orders, I am making 
 war on my own hook," which indeed seemed to be the case. Of course the 
 Seventh Regiment could hardly pay much attention to that sort of thing, and, in 
 fact, declined to be led by him at all, whereby he sagely concluded that they had 
 resolved to remain at Annapolis! " But I am trenching now upon a dispute 
 which is treated of in the following chapter. 
 
84 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 up (the preconcerted signal for the approach of an un 
 known force), and the "long roll" beat at the Academy 
 grounds, in seven minutes, by the watch, from the first 
 drum-tap, the whole regiment, sick and well, was in line, 
 all armed and equipped, and with the howitzers manned. 
 The midshipmen had started from their sleep with equal 
 celerity, and, forming a hundred strong, had hurried down 
 the slope with their howitzers. 
 
 But it was a friend that approached, the Baltic, loaded 
 with the troops that left New York after the Seventh. The 
 Baltic s lights had been discovered, for she and her con 
 sorts were expected ; but they had instantly been shut out 
 of sight by a thick haze. It was this disappearance which 
 caused the suspicion of foul play. When the fog lifted, 
 the moon glittered on rows of motionless bayonets upon the 
 shore. The glass now told the character of the coming 
 vessel, and ranks were broken, and blankets sought again, 
 save by the detail who prepared the rations for the morn 
 ing s march. The midshipmen separated, too, heartily eulo 
 gizing the celerity and discipline of the National Guard. 
 
A DISPUTED COMMAND. 
 
 85 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 A DISPUTED COMMAND. 
 
 ROM the moment General 
 Butler set eye on the Sev 
 enth Regiment, he seemed 
 possessed with the desire 
 to command it, a desire 
 which was not reciprocated. 
 The wish being father to 
 the thought, that officer at 
 length, by persistent fancy 
 ing, appears to have fallen 
 into the delusion that he 
 actually did command the 
 regiment. On no other 
 ground, at any rate, can 
 we account for his conduct 
 at Annapolis. It has been 
 seen how at Philadelphia 
 he was anxious to order 
 the regiment to Havre de 
 
 Grace, and how he was amazed that the regiment did not 
 go thither. But, having reached Annapolis, where he 
 awaited the Seventh, he was seized by the same frenzy, 
 and exhibited it in orders addressed to Colonel Lefferts, 
 based on the wild supposition that the New York National 
 Guard was a part of the "Third Brigade, Second Division, 
 Massachusetts Volunteer Militia," over which he professed 
 to have command. This conclusion, however, he reached 
 
86 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 only by degrees ; for an early communication to the Seventh 
 Regiment, on its arrival off the mouth of the Severn, po 
 litely ran, in the form of a request, as follows : 
 
 STEAMER MAYFLOWER,* April 22, 1861. 
 
 Will Colonel Lefferts, Honorable Mr. Curtis, and Captain Hamilton 
 do me the favor to accompany me and my detachment in our landing at 
 Annapolis, and give me the benefit of their advice and assistance. 
 Most respectfully, 
 
 Your friend and servant, 
 
 B. F. BUTLER, Brigadier-General. 
 
 Thus we perceive that while the Mayflower was firmly 
 taking root, as if contemplating being transplanted, General 
 Butler felt hardly equal to adopting the tone of authority 
 which doubtless he felt to be his due as commander of " the 
 brigade." However, during the day, Colonel Lefferts was 
 favored with an official copy (from the same brigade head 
 quarters) of " Special Brigade Orders, Nos. 36 and 37," 
 for to such figures had the special orders already ascended 
 without Colonel Lefferts s knowledge. The latter order, 
 "No. 37," on opening, he found to consist of four full pages, 
 dated April 22, 1861, prescribing company drills (from five 
 to seven, A. M.) upon General Butler s command ; also de 
 scribing the danger of improperly stacking loaded arms, and 
 narrating that one accident had already occurred from this 
 cause ; also asserting that " deeds of daring, successful con 
 tests, and glorious victories had rendered Old Ironsides " a 
 " fitly chosen school-ship," and that for the Eighth Massa 
 chusetts to have saved her from capture was " a sufficient 
 triumph of right, and a sufficient triumph for us. By this 
 the blood of our friends shed by the Baltimore mob is in so 
 far avenged. The Eighth Regiment may hereafter cheer 
 lustily on all proper occasions, but never without orders" 
 
 * "Mayflower" doubtless means "Maryland"; the biographer of General 
 Butler, however, employs the latter name, in place of the one wherewith the 
 General s patriotism had christened the craft. 
 
A DISPUTED COMMAND. 87 
 
 The order proceeded to announce also that " we have been 
 joined by the Seventh Regiment of New York," that there 
 must be no " unauthorized interference with private prop 
 erty " in the State, and so forth. At length Colonel Lef- 
 ferts came, just at the end, to the paragraph clearing up 
 the mystery : 
 
 Colonel Lefferts s command not having been originally included in 
 this order, he will be furnished with a copy for his instruction. 
 By order of 
 
 B. F. BUTLER, Brigadier-General. 
 WM. H. CLEMENCE, Brigade-Major. 
 
 Although Colonel Lefferts felt " instructed " on a variety 
 of points by this comprehensive special order, yet the dis 
 tinction therein drawn between the " we " and the " Seventh 
 Regiment " prevented him, perhaps, from conning it so 
 carefully as he might otherwise have done. However, if the 
 Seventh did not perform the precise drills therein ordered, 
 (for it did not contemplate a sufficiently long stay at Annapo 
 lis for " daily company drills "), at least its members wit 
 nessed with pleasure those of their comrades of the Eighth ; 
 as to the prohibited " outrages on private property," on 
 which the General was characteristically sensitive, they did 
 refrain from them, as the citizens of Annapolis could testify. 
 
 The next " brigade order," whereof the original lies be 
 fore us, is unique in having no date, a matter, however, 
 of less importance, as no attention was paid to it. It runs 
 as follows : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS BRIGADE UNITED MILITIA, 1861. 
 
 SPECIAL BRIGADE ORDER, No. 38. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts s command will report themselves ready for such duty 
 as shall be assigned them at half past eight o clock this morning. 
 By command of 
 
 B. F. BUTLER, Brigadier-General. 
 W. H. CLEMENCE, Brigade- Major. 
 
 While No. 38 had thus the merit of brevity over its 
 
88 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 predecessor, No. 37, yet its uncertainty in point of time, 
 and the lack of historic data to determine how the Seventh 
 Regiment N. Y. S. M. and the Eighth Regiment M. Y. M. 
 became welded into a " Brigade United Militia," befog 
 alike the chronicler and the reader. 
 
 A hiatus of six special brigade orders now occurs in 
 the records of the Seventh Regiment, nor can any memory 
 or fancy of its officers fill the gap. On the next morning 
 the special brigade orders had reached in number forty-five, 
 and the United Militia had become the United States Mili 
 tia, as the following copy shows : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS BRIGADE U. S. MILITIA, 
 ANNAPOLIS, MD., April 23, 18<51. 
 
 SPECIAL BRIGADE ORDER, No. 45. 
 
 The General commanding the 3d Brigade orders that 710 officer or 
 private belonging to Ms command suffer himself to leave the grounds be 
 longing to the United States government, without a special requisition 
 from him. Colonel Munroe of the Eighth and Lefferts of the Seventh 
 Regiments will see that the execution of this order is strictly complied 
 with in their respective commands. 
 
 By order of 
 
 B. F. BUTLER, 
 
 Brigadier- General of 3d Brigade. 
 W. H. CLEMENCE, Brigade-Major. 
 
 But here we must break off in our documentary record, 
 enough having been cited, doubtless, to show that there was 
 a " disputed command " respecting the Seventh Regiment. 
 Already had that body unconsciously been converted from 
 New York State Militia to " United Militia" and " United 
 States Militia," and from the " First Division " of New 
 York, under General Sandford, to the " Second Division, 
 Third Brigade," of Massachusetts, under General Butler. 
 What other transformations the many special orders from 
 1 to 36, and from 39 to 45, might reveal, the members of 
 the Seventh will never know ; most of them learn now for 
 the first time in what varying capacities they served at 
 Annapolis. 
 
A DISPUTED COMMAND. 89 
 
 It should here be added that, on the evening of the 22d 
 of April, when the Seventh Regiment had landed at An 
 napolis, and stacked arms on the Academy Green, General 
 Butler came upon the ground, and, after exchanging a few 
 words with Colonel Lefferts, commenced a speech to the 
 officers of the Seventh, who were grouped together discuss 
 ing a variety of topics. Colonel Lefferts, meanwhile, was 
 listening as patiently as possible to the thousand reports, 
 requests, and suggestions made to him on landing, and was 
 issuing orders for the disposition of the regiment for the 
 night and for unloading the Boston for the use of the Eighth 
 Massachusetts, who were suffering great hardships on board 
 the Maryland, still aground in the harbor. Thus engaged, 
 Colonel Lefferts had no time to hear General Butler s re 
 marks, nor did he know their object, until, when his imme 
 diate duties had been finished, he learned through his 
 officers, whom he assembled for consultation, that Butler s 
 aim had evidently been to try to get such ascendency over 
 the regiment as to bring them under his own control, the 
 thing he had been aiming at ever since leaving Philadelphia. 
 On hearing this, Colonel Lefferts stated to his officers that 
 he had received from General Butler the extraordinary 
 " orders " already quoted, but had given them no attention 
 whatever, on account of the intrinsic absurdity of an officer 
 in the militia of one State claiming authority over the mili 
 tia of another, neither being yet in the United States ser 
 vice. He added that as this theory seemed to be now 
 revived by General Butler, it was necessary to formally 
 refuse to place the regiment at his disposal, the more espe 
 cially as his pretensions had not yet been substantiated by 
 any show of etiquette, discretion, or military knowledge. 
 
 This view the officers unanimously supported ; and it 
 was also agreed to by common consent that, unless official 
 assurance should previously be received of the safety of 
 "Washington (regarding which nothing whatever was 
 
90 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 known), Butler s proposition to march by railroad, laying 
 the track, was not to be thought of ; that, on the contrary, 
 the turnpike must be taken, in order to reach Washington 
 at the earliest practicable hour. These ideas namely, 
 that the regiment could not, under General Butler s assump 
 tions, co-operate with him in a plan which they did not ap 
 prove the officers unanimously desired Colonel Lefferts 
 to embody in a letter to General Butler, as being their own 
 views. This he did ; and the following letter, hastily writ 
 ten and despatched, though more courteous and concilia 
 tory in tone than the facts demanded, yet had the de 
 sired effect, namely, to disabuse General Butler of any 
 ungrounded expectations he may have entertained as to 
 the effect of his recent eloquence on any of the officers of 
 the Seventh Regiment. 
 
 ANNAPOLIS ACADEMY, Monday night, April 22. 
 
 GENERAL B. F. BUTLER, Commanding Mass. Volunteers. 
 
 SIR, Upon consultation with my officers, I do not deem it proper, 
 under the circumstances, to co-operate in the proposed march by rail 
 road, making track as we go along, particularly in view of a large force 
 hourly expected, and with so little ammunition * as we possess. I must 
 be governed by my officers in a matter of so much importance. I have 
 directed this to be handed to you immediately upon your return from 
 the transport ship. 
 
 I am, sir, yours respectfully, 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 
 From this polite but expressive note, General Butler 
 learned, first, that he was treated, despite his pretensions, 
 as simply " commanding the Massachusetts volunteers " ; 
 secondly, that the Seventh Regiment would not co-operate 
 in any plan involving 1 its being 1 put under his command ; 
 thirdly, that these conclusions were not those simply of 
 Colonel Lefferts, who was naturally jealous of outside in 
 fluence of the sort Butler aimed at, but those of his 
 
 * Ten rounds per man. 
 
A DISPUTED COMMAND. 91 
 
 officers, by whose opinion in the matter, after consultation, 
 the Colonel was governed. 
 
 And indeed, when, the next day, the regiment, after 
 having been unexpectedly delayed in its contemplated 
 march on the dirt-road direct to Washington (as official 
 and unofficial documents and letters have already ex 
 plained), learned that the capital was still in our hands, 
 so that then the railroad route had become the more ad 
 vantageous, it took the latter without any consultation with 
 Butler and entirely independent of him. The dispositions 
 were made and orders for the march issued, so far as is 
 known by the regiment, without Butler s being aware of 
 them ; the main body of his troops were left in the town 
 when the Seventh had entirely quitted it ; nor, but for a 
 long halt in repairing a bridge, many hours later, would 
 Colonel Lefferts have been made aware that Butler s force 
 had followed on. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment has never sought to detract one 
 iota from the glory of their gallant brethren of the Eighth, 
 their comrades in this famous campaign ; nor, on the 
 other hand, have the Eighth ever claimed *for themselves 
 that exclusiveness of credit which General Butler has 
 claimed for them and him. 
 
 One other incident relating to this same period may here 
 be appropriately introduced. As Butler, after his speech 
 on Monday evening, was about to return to the transport, 
 he suggested to Colonel Lefferts to seize and occupy the 
 railroad depot. On conferring with Captain Blake on this 
 matter, the latter- sent up two or three of his young men, 
 who found everything quiet at the depot, under charge of 
 the watchman ; so that it appeared wholly unnecessary to 
 make any other occupation. Next morning Butler, who, 
 finding that his suggestion had not been followed, had 
 meanwhile moved upon the depot in grand force, fumed 
 and blustered a good deal on meeting Colonel Leiferts. 
 
92 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " I thought," said he, " you told me you would take the 
 depot : when my people got there, they found nothing but 
 one man and a black-and-tan dog." As Colonel Lefferts 
 was aware of this fact, he contented himself with saying 
 that for that very reason he " had not seen the necessity of 
 using a whole regiment for its capture." 
 
 The rebuff, and the pithy note sent him by Colonel Lef 
 ferts the night before, opened his eyes to the true character 
 of his relations with the Seventh. It showed him that the 
 two regiments in Annapolis were independent commands, 
 and that while the Seventh would gladly co-operate with its 
 comrade where its judgment approved, it could not be 
 ordered about by pretended authority. The ground as 
 sumed by General Butler, that he had the right to command 
 Colonel Lefferts, the latter would not admit. He had been 
 ordered by the Governor of New York to report to General 
 Scott at Washington, not to General Butler by the way. 
 He had neither the right nor the disposition to put his own 
 State militia under the command of a militia officer from 
 another State. The fiction of "United States Militia" 
 created by General Butler in this dilemma was ridiculous, 
 nor had that officer even the shadow of authority from 
 the War Office to extemporize such a fiction, being himself 
 under command of Governor Andrew of Massachusetts. 
 As to General Butler s military qualifications, nothing 
 whatever was at that time known of them, nor was it 
 clear that his experience was greater than that of the com 
 manding officer of the historic National Guards ; while, 
 in fact, the lapse of a few weeks showed that General But 
 ler, apt as he might be for the profession of arms, had con 
 siderable yet to learn. 
 
 The upshot of this quarrel greatly chagrined General 
 Butler, and colored his after-memory of the facts re 
 lating to the whole expedition. However, it settled his 
 pretensions to control the Seventh Regiment ; he promptly 
 
A DISPUTED COMMAND. 93 
 
 accepted the situation, and there was never after any ques 
 tion of " disputed command." * 
 
 So much for this interesting episode: and now to re 
 sume the thread of our narrative, broken at that point 
 where, messengers to the Seventh from Washington having 
 brought tidings from Washington, it had become as desira 
 ble to proceed by railroad, repairing on the way, as before 
 it had been needful to advance without delay along the 
 turnpike. 
 
 * Captain Clark s History says : " The selfish ambition of General Butler was 
 deeply outraged at this reply, and his indignation and anger at the refusal of the 
 Seventh Regiment to obey his orders knew no bounds. He threatened arrests and 
 court-martials, and to report the case to the War Department, and he made him 
 self generally ridiculous; and at that time and since, by misrepresentations of the 
 facts, and ungenerous inferences and reflections, he has spared no effort to injure 
 the reputation of Colonel Lefierts, and indirectly stigmatize the Seventh Regi 
 ment." 
 
HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 
 
 T three o clock, A. M., of 
 Wednesday, the 24th of 
 April, the Second Com 
 pany (Captain Clark) and 
 Sixth Company (Captain 
 Never s) were astir for the 
 march, and with them the 
 detachment of the Tenth 
 under Lieutenant Bunting. 
 Details had been occupied 
 from twelve o clock till 
 three in getting ready ra 
 tions and ammunition. At 
 four o clock the whole de 
 tachment reported, under 
 command of Captain Nev- 
 ers as senior officer, and 
 soon after were off on the 
 road to Annapolis Junction. 
 
 It will- be obvious, without further comment, what had 
 been achieved, and what was now proposed for accomplish 
 ment. The purposes of the enemy were still unknown. 
 A despatch from private sources, in the Philadelphia papers 
 of the preceding day, said : " The troops intended to march 
 immediately for Annapolis Junction. The citizens of the 
 town and neighborhood were prepared to give them a guer 
 rilla fight in their march." Captain Blake, anxious to 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 95 
 
 pioneer the Seventh s way through Annapolis, sent a letter 
 for that purpose to Colonel Lefferts : 
 
 COLONEL, I feel so sure that if the service suggested is performed 
 by one of our youths it would lead to disastrous consequences, that I 
 am extremely reluctant to order one of them upon it. I sketch another 
 route which is perfectly direct and as little exposed as any one you 
 
 can take. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 G. S. BLAKE. 
 
 P. S. You can leave the Academy grounds by another gate. The 
 upper one would perhaps be best. I direct the officer in charge to re 
 port to you, to show you out of the grounds and point out the route to 
 the depot. 
 
 On the reverse page of the original letter we find the 
 " route " alluded to sketched with precision. But no op 
 position was encountered at the start. Captain Nevers s 
 advance-guard, with the Second Company leading, passed 
 through the city just before daylight, and up the hill to the 
 depot, where the Eighth Massachusetts greeted them heart 
 ily. Their Yankee ingenuity had, the day before, repaired 
 the dislocated engine " J. H. Nicholson " (which ought on 
 the spot to have been rebaptized the " Charles Hoinans "), 
 and had got the torn-up tracks relaid for three miles, under 
 a guard of two companies. The train now moved forward. 
 
 It was a novel column in the Seventh s experience. First 
 came two open platform-cars, formed by sawing off the tops 
 of two old cattle-cars. On the first was the howitzer, 
 loaded with grape, with eight of Lieutenant s Bunting s 
 men on each side as guard. That officer was at the for 
 ward end, acting as conductor to the train, and giving the 
 engineer (a Massachusetts lad) his signals ; beside him 
 stood a man detailed to watch for breaks in the road. On 
 the second open car were the ammunition for the howitzer, 
 and a guard of six picked riflemen, three on each side. 
 Then came the wheezy locomotive. After that, two small 
 cars, the first containing the Second and the other the 
 
96 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Sixth Company. This was all that could be mustered of 
 the " rolling-stock," the railroad company having gathered 
 up all their good cars and engines and sent them back to 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Off the train started, amid the applause of the Massa 
 chusetts Eighth, and the "passengers" all in good spirits, 
 though in rather close quarters for comfort. The train ran 
 slowly along on the track laid down the day before by the 
 Massachusetts men, and, two miles out, found the picket- 
 guard of the Eighth Massachusetts, consisting of two com 
 panies, about one hundred and fifty strong, under Lieuten 
 ant-Colonel Hinks. The poor fellows were in deplorable 
 straits, having had nothing to eat for twenty-four hours, 
 and bitter were their complaints against General Butler s 
 repeated experiments in campaigning without supplies. 
 Off came the knapsacks and haversacks of the Seventh, 
 out came their rations ; each man found a half-starved com 
 rade with whom to share his beef and bread ; and thus, 
 from the dole of provisions packed at Annapolis for the 
 exigencies of march and battle, the Seventh supplied their 
 less fortunate brother-soldiers with a hearty meal. The 
 latter could hardly express their gratitude. Fitz James 
 O Brien, who marched with the body of the regiment, 
 writes : " These brave boys, I say, were starving while 
 they were doing all this good work. What their Colonel 
 was doing I can t say. As we marched along the track 
 that they had laid, they greeted us with ranks of smiling 
 but hungry faces. One boy told me, with a laugh on his 
 young lips, that he had not ate anything for thirty hours. 
 There was not, thank God, a haversack in our regiment 
 that was not emptied into the hands of these ill-treated 
 heroes, nor a flask that was not at their disposal. I am 
 glad to pay them tribute here, and mentally doff my cap." 
 The previous conduct of the Seventh in delaying, hour after 
 hour, to haul off the stranded Maryland, and their haste to 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 97 
 
 share provisions with the famished Eighth on their landing 
 at Annapolis, were capped by this last instance of soldierly 
 hospitality, and thenceforth the men of the two regiments 
 were enthusiastic friends. This detachment of the Eighth 
 Massachusetts now accompanied the train. 
 
 As the train moved on, a small body of men were dis 
 covered ahead, busily destroying the track. Skirmishers 
 were immediately sent out to capture them, but the party 
 took the alarm and ran to the woods. Three miles out, the 
 road was broken up so badly that it required regular re 
 pairs. The orders of Colonel Lefferts, however, had been 
 for the advance to push on a mile farther, and there halt 
 until the remainder of the regiment should come up. Ac 
 cordingly the engine and the two rear cars were aban 
 doned, and drag-ropes were fastened to the two front 
 platform-cars, carrying "the howitzer, with its ammuni 
 tion and the knapsacks. A body of skirmishers- was 
 thrown out from each company on either flank of the 
 railroad, those of the Second Company under Lieutenant 
 Farnham, and those of the Sixth under Lieutenant Hal- 
 stead, and continued to act as such during the entire 
 inarch. The remainder of Captain Nevers s command 
 manned the drag-ropes, and pulled along the two cars, 
 stopping now and again to put back some rail thrown 
 out of its place. 
 
 By nine o clock, however, the distance prescribed by 
 Colonel Lefferts had been passed, and Captain Nevers ac 
 cordingly halted his men and stacked arms, and under the 
 shade of the woods the troops ate the now scanty ration 
 set aside for breakfast. A reconnoitring party was pushed 
 ahead, but found nothing but mounted citizens flying from 
 the path of the column, and apparently unarmed. The 
 single farm-house, a log structure, on the hill which formed 
 the temporary camp, was deserted ; but presently the lord 
 of the manor crept from his hiding-place in the woods, fear 
 
 7 
 
98 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 for his property at length overcoming fear for his person. 
 The pleasant jingle of silver, and the flavor of wine from 
 Captain Clark s flask (which latter he cautiously required 
 Colonel Hinks and Lieutenant Bunting to taste before par 
 taking), put his fears to flight, and he came out quite 
 strong for " the Union as it was." * 
 
 Meanwhile, at dawn, the reveille had roused the main 
 body of the regiment. Blankets and overcoats were rolled 
 up and strapped upon knapsacks ; canteens were filled with 
 water tinged with vinegar ; three days rations, consisting of 
 six navy biscuit and pieces of raw salt pork or beef, were 
 served to each man ; cartridges were distributed, and guns 
 loaded, for the start. It was a delicious April morning, 
 and the fragrance of the apple-blossoms and the fresh 
 green grass filled the air. No word coming from the ad 
 vance, the regiment left the Naval Academy soon after 
 seven, and threaded the queer, old-fashioned little city of An 
 napolis. The town was all alive, and many an eye looked 
 askance at the " invaders," but the on-lookers wisely held 
 their hands from blows and their tongues from taunts. In 
 truth, the Annapolitans were already gained over ; for 
 while the imposing array of the famous Seventh had dis 
 heartened the hostile, their courtesy and liberality had pro- 
 
 * A letter of Lieutenant Bunting gives some details of this "raid." He says: 
 " Having nothing to eat, I took twelve men and went to a house on the top of the 
 hill, where we could see all around the country for some distance. Saw nothing 
 of the enemy, so we knocked at the door. No answer. Opened the door, and went 
 in. Found the house empty. Looked in the cupboard and found some preserves. 
 We ate them in short order. Looked under the bed, and found a basket of eggs 
 (hens , ducks , and turkeys ), which we sucked. Then we found a second cupboard, 
 and in it some fat bacon. This we sent after the eggs and preserves, and were 
 ready for either a fight or a mai-ch. As we were getting ready to leave, a man 
 came rushing in, in great haste and much scared. We extended the hospitalities 
 of the house to him, and he took a seat. We soon ascertained that he was the 
 proprietor, and that his family had got scared and run into the swamp. Sent him 
 after them, when they returned. We recounted the damage we had done, and told 
 the old fellow to fix his price. He said we were heartily welcome, we knew he 
 lied, and that the things were worth probably $3. We gave him $ 10, and he 
 was the happiest man in the State." 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 99 
 
 yoked admiration and even a certain sympathy.* Thus, 
 before the regiment set out from Annapolis, its conquest 
 was half achieved. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts left Annapolis in good hands. The 
 transports in the Severn were loaded with four regiments 
 of militia, following in the wake of his own, and two more 
 were daily expected, so that Annapolis and its neighborhood 
 were henceforth safe. His own men were as well provis 
 ioned as possible under the circumstances, and had started 
 fresh and in good spirits on their march. When in Phila 
 delphia, as we have seen, Colonel LefTerts had sent word 
 to New York that Annapolis was the point to which recruits 
 and supplies were to be sent forward. Nine of his men 
 came in the Baltic, and provisions were on the way to the 
 same point. Before dawn, Colonel Lefferts had despatched 
 a message to the Baltic, to endeavor to obtain additional sup 
 plies, and immediately received from Colonel (now Major- 
 General) Butterfield the following answer : 
 
 " I have the honor of acknowledging receipt of your communication 
 of this date, and, in compliance with your request, I now send you here 
 with a detachment of nine men of your regiment, brought on by me 
 from NCAV York. The troops under my command will receive march 
 ing orders from Lieutenant-Colonel Keyes. 
 
 " We are all ready to support you, each eager to be first. 
 
 " The strength of my command is nine hundred and over. I will lay 
 your communication before Colonel Keyes immediately upon his return 
 to the ship. The rations on board are property of the United States 
 government, and are uncooked provisions. You will please send a 
 requisition for what you want, and I will endeavor to procure them 
 for you. The transport R. R. Cuyler has on board the Seventy-First 
 Regiment N. Y. S. M ; the Columbia, the Sixth Regiment N. Y. 
 8. M. ; the Coatsacoalcos, the First Regiment R. I. troops, led by 
 Governor Sprague in person. The Eighth and Sixty-Ninth Regiments 
 were to have followed us the next day from New York." 
 
 * A letter to the New York Times, from the Sixth New York Militia, which 
 landed at Annapolis just after the Seventh left, says : " The Seventh have won 
 golden opinions here. When they started, they found the farmers terrified, but 
 the name of the Seventh National Guard seemed to act like magic." 
 
100 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Leaving the officers baggage and camp equipage at the 
 Naval Academy, Colonel Lefferts pushed through Annapolis 
 to the depot, and thence out along the track to overtake the 
 advance. It was about eight o clock when he left the sta 
 tion, and the troops marched briskly. The morning breeze 
 had died away, and soon the sun poured down upon the heads 
 of the men, as one of the sufferers expressed it, " like hot 
 lava." The railroad runs for miles through a gorge, which, 
 in concentrating the sun s heat, excludes any breath of 
 fresh air, and the country around is arid and sandy. 
 The men had had a scanty breakfast, little rest the preced 
 ing night (on account of the alarm and the early start), 
 and, indeed, little to boast of in rest or rations for many 
 days ; but they clung manfully to the march, and fell 
 headlong under the sun s rays only to hurry on again and 
 reach the ever-advancing column. About ten, the shanty 
 or farm-house where Captain Nevers s advance was posted 
 was reached. 
 
 The main march and the main difficulty and danger 
 were now before the regiment. The only serious opposition 
 was expected near the Junction ; and the few citizens en 
 countered on the road confirmed the report that a concen 
 tration of the enemy had been intended there, it being not 
 only a strategic point important to hold, but also at a consid 
 erable distance from the Union force in reserve at Annapo 
 lis. The only information, however, was that resistance 
 there had been planned ; whether the prompt march of the 
 Seventh might not foil the intent was still conjectural. 
 The regiment, having been rested, was now moved forward 
 along the track. The Second and Sixth Companies, having 
 had the longest rest, pushed on in advance. At the head 
 of the main column was Lieutenant Bunting s platform-car 
 with its howitzer ; some distance behind, another platform- 
 car fitted up for the sick and wounded and for medical 
 stores ; while a third, containing the remaining howitzer 
 
THE MAKCH TO WASHINGTON. 101 
 
 (also loaded with grape) and its ammunition, which had 
 been brought on by the main body, brought up the rear. 
 Skirmishers were again thrown out on each flank to the 
 distance of half a mile to scour the country and guard 
 against sudden assault from mounted guerilla parties. 
 
 Three miles more, under the noonday sun, the regiment 
 pursued its exhausting march. The scouting-parties 
 plunged into forest and fen on either side, sweeping the 
 country in a swath a mile broad. The main force on the 
 track toiled wearily along upon a railroad laid on sleepers 
 but little sunk in the sandy or clayey soil, now in an arid 
 open country, and now plunging through a cut where no 
 breeze ruffled the stifling atmosphere. The engine and 
 passenger cars had been left behind for the use of the 
 Eighth Massachusetts, now also on the march from Annapo 
 lis ; but the platform-cars afforded a chance to give a lift 
 to the sun-struck and the exhausted, whom their gallant 
 comrades at the drag-ropes pulled along. Despite the 
 fatigue, heat, and lack of water, the labor of scouting 
 to the outlying companies, and that of repairing the track 
 to the main column, the troops all behaved gallantly,* and 
 the regiment marched more solidly than is customary with 
 recruits. The skirmishers, threading woods and swamps, 
 reported stray mounted men hovering about, but no force 
 whatever on either flank. The saying of the people of 
 Annapolis, that the regiment " could not march ten miles 
 without fighting their way," had been happily falsified. 
 
 About 3 P. M., a water-station on the railroad, dignified 
 by the name of Millersville (though local habitation there 
 
 * Instances of the plucky conduct of individuals on this march were published 
 in the newspapers of the time, but need not be repeated. One of these, for exam 
 ple, gives the name of a private who, " while marching from Annapolis to the 
 Junction, was sun-struck, and lay insensible for two hours. On recovering his 
 senses, he was told by the Colonel and surgeons that he must go back to New 
 York, but begged to be permitted to join his company, and, watching his chance, 
 escaped and caught them, and performed his duty as a scout all that night. On 
 arriving at Washington he had a relapse, and lay for two days unconscious." 
 
102 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 was none), had been reached, but the labor of repairing 
 the track had been such that, even with very brisk work 
 during the last three hours, but three miles had been ac 
 complished. " The Engineer Corps," says O Brien, " had, 
 of course, to do the forwarding work, New York dan 
 dies, sir, but they built bridges, laid rails, and headed the 
 regiment through that terrible march." Sometimes the 
 missing rails were found in the bushes near the road, and 
 sometimes they had been dragged several rods distant, and 
 plunged into thicket or marsh. Accordingly, the scouts 
 were directed to keep an eye for rails as well as Rebels, and 
 woods were searched and ditches dragged till nearly all 
 were replaced. Some rails and sleepers, however, had 
 been hidden beyond discovery ; their places were supplied 
 by substitutes taken up from " turn-outs " and from the 
 Annapolis switches. The spare timber and rails, with the 
 spikes and hammers, were piled on a car and pushed on by 
 the men. In these labors the Massachusetts men, some of 
 whom had continued on with the Seventh, lent their hearty 
 and valuable aid. Such, was the noontide work of a day 
 on which the thermometer ranged from 85 to 90, and 
 whose full rations were two biscuits and a bit of raw 
 pork. 
 
 But an unexpected rest was now at hand. The railroad 
 bridge crossing the stream just beyond Millersville statiori 
 had been burned by the enemy. As the bridge was twenty 
 feet high and sixteen feet long, to rebuild it, even though 
 some of the old timbers could be used, was an affair of two 
 hours. While the regiment was halting for this purpose, 
 the engine and train came up, thus proving the success of 
 the day s track-laying. It brought up, too, the men who had 
 fallen out from exhaustion ; and, these having been disem 
 barked, Colonel Lefferts sent it back for the use of the 
 Eighth Regiment. Only two men of the Seventh, despite 
 the fatigues of the day, went back on this train, one, a 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 103 
 
 man sun-struck ; the other, private De Van Postley, of the 
 Second Company, wounded in the knee by the discharge of 
 his own pistol. The rest of the stragglers and exhausted 
 got recruited during the halt. 
 
 Just as preparation was making to rebuild the bridge, 
 a storm came up. Refuge was taken in the forest, and 
 blankets were stretched as tents ; but the storm burst on 
 the camp with great fury, and soaked, not only the blankets, 
 but the men under them. It was a refreshing shower-bath 
 for the moment, but it made clothing and blankets poor 
 protection against the ensuing night. 
 
 When the storm was nearly spent, the heavy regimental 
 detail for the working party went briskly to work, under 
 Sergeant Scott, of the non-commissioned staff, and armorer. 
 The Engineer Corps guided operations, and the men worked 
 heartily. Trees were selected, felled, cut down, and hewed 
 into timber, the joists laid, the rails cut with rough chisel 
 and sledge to the proper length, and then spiked to the 
 wood. By hearty and sharp work, in two or three hours 
 the Millersville Bridge the first and last bridge the 
 Seventh had ever been called upon to construct was 
 finished.* When the work was done, and the last stroke 
 of the axe and clang of the sledge were heard, the sun had 
 sunk below the horizon. 
 
 During the long halt at Millersville, the main body of 
 the Eighth Regiment, which had left the Annapolis depot in 
 the forenoon, came up to the Seventh s camp. The main 
 body of the Seventh was halted at the watering-station, a 
 quarter of a mile or less from the bridge, while the latter 
 
 * Major Winthrop writes pleasantly of the Seventh s exploits in track laying 
 and bridge-building: "Scott called for a working party. There were plenty of 
 handy fellows among our engineers and in the line. Tools were plenty in the 
 engineers chest. We pushed the platform-car upon which howitzer No. 1 was 
 mounted down to the gap, and began operations. Scott and his party made a 
 good and quick job of it. Our friends of the Massachusetts Eighth had now come 
 up. They lent a ready hand, as usual." 
 
104 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 was under repair by the working party detailed for the 
 purpose. The Eighth halted at the bridge, being thus in 
 terposed between the advance and the main body of the 
 Seventh ; and, interested in the work of bridge-building and 
 track-laying going on in the stream, some of them were 
 prompt to " bear a hand " and help the work along. The 
 bridge was soon after finished, and Colonel Monroe of the 
 Eighth, at the request of Colonel Lefferts, drew his men 
 aside, whereupon the main body of the Seventh closed up 
 to the advance. With the column thus formed, and the 
 bridge complete, the Seventh started on once more to pio 
 neer the way, exchanging hearty adieus with their Massa 
 chusetts friends. " By twilight," says Winthrop, " there 
 was a practicable bridge. The engine was despatched back 
 to keep the road open. The two platform-cars, freighted 
 with our howitzers, were rigged with the gun-ropes for 
 dragging along the rail. We passed through the files of 
 the Massachusetts men resting by the way, and eating by 
 the fires of the evening the suppers we had in great part 
 provided them ; and so begins our night-march." 
 
 Night had indeed come. Colonel Lefferts would have 
 been fully justified, after the hard day s work, in making a 
 halt until daylight, and perhaps it would have been more 
 prudent to do so. But he pushed on, and in the same 
 order of march. Of the three platform-cars which the 
 regiment dragged with them, one contained the two how 
 itzers and their ammunition ; a second, the spikes, sledges, 
 rails, chairs, and timbers ; while the third, deftly arranged 
 with knapsacks and blankets, served as an ambulance for 
 those who fell disabled from the ranks. 
 
 It was a delicious night, with the moon at full orb. The 
 bright rifle-barrels glinted in the sombre forests, as the 
 long column plunged into and anon emerged from the 
 narrow defiles through which the railroad runs. Overcome 
 by the heat and burden of the day, and bv want of rest 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 105 
 
 and food, the regiment had little thought of the match 
 less beauty of the scene. The march under the burning 
 sun had been succeeded by a march more trying, in which 
 " every railroad tie was a wearying stumbling-block," and 
 the rough road-bed was slippery from the rain. The 
 clothing of the men was drenched, and chill, cutting blasts 
 swept out from the swamps and through the dark ravines. 
 The work of laying the track was laborious in the darkness, 
 and the dragging of the cars was tiresome. The skir 
 mishers of the Second and Sixth Companies in advance 
 had no pleasant quest in brake and fen on either hand. 
 
 Had Colonel Lefferts s present plan embraced only the 
 pioneering of the way to Washington, he could have ac 
 complished that by a forced march, dropping all encum 
 brances, and pushing through " by daylight " to the Junc 
 tion. But he had proposed to lay a track for* other regi 
 ments, and so, through the night-hours, whenever a rail 
 was missing, a halt was cried. The scouting - parties 
 scoured field and ford for it ; sometimes the search was a 
 long one, sometimes the rail was sunk in the gloom of the 
 woods, sometimes it was but a few rods distant in the 
 hollow of a neighboring field. But, far or near, it was 
 ferreted out, and the chairs, too, on which it rested, unless, 
 as often happened, the latter, with the spikes themselves, 
 had been left on the rpadside by the stupid guerillas. To 
 be prepared for more successful hidings, the side-tracks at 
 turn-outs were torn up and dragged along on the cars, with 
 whatever other material might be turned to account.* In 
 one place about twenty feet of track, rails, chairs, and ties, 
 
 * " So, Out crowbars ! was the word. We tore up and bagged half a dozen 
 rails, with chairs and spikes complete. Here, too, some of the engineers found a 
 keg of spikes. This was also bagged and loaded on our cars." (Winthrop s u Our 
 March to Washington.") Again the same gay campaigner writes: "Three rails 
 were up. Two of them were easily found. The third was discovered by 
 beating the bush thoroughly. Bonnell and I ran back for tools, and returned at 
 
 full trot with crowbar and sledge Not a half-mile passed without a rail up. 
 
 Bonnell was always at the front, laying track, and I am proud to say that he ac- 
 
106 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 had been lifted up, and pitched to the bottom of the steep 
 embankment. The howitzer ropes were fastened upon this 
 section, and it was hauled i p into place. 
 
 What with bushwhacking, and tugging at rails, and laying 
 of track, the march seemed intolerably slow. The officers, 
 kept up by a sense of responsibility, were, like the men de 
 tailed for scouting and blacksmithcry, happier in their labors 
 than the unoccupied majority, to whom Jialting and march 
 ing were alike wearisome. At first the ground seemed so 
 damp that the men hesitated to throw themselves upon it, 
 at a pause, in their wet clothing ; but at length, overcome by 
 exhaustion, at the cry of " Halt ! " they tumbled on the 
 earth, there dozing till the word " Attention ! " broke their 
 brief dreams. " In several instances," says one account, 
 " sleeping men rolled down the railroad embankment, to 
 the imminent danger of life and limb ; and when on the 
 inarch they trudged along half conscious, half dreaming, 
 many exhibiting the symptoms which are ascribed to those 
 who perish from hunger, cold, and exhaustion. It was not 
 uncommon to notice men marching forward upon the 
 uneven railroad track with their eyes completely closed, 
 their heads falling forward or from side to side." Fitz 
 James O Brien says : 
 
 " I know not if T can describe that night s march. I have dim recol 
 lections of deep cuts through which we passed, gloomy and treacherous 
 
 cepted me as aide-de-camp. Other fellows, unknown to me in the dark, gave 
 hearty help. The Seventh showed that it could do something else than drill." 
 
 A despatch to the New York Tribune, from Washington, says: " The track was 
 torn up at intervals for a long distance. To mend this was a slow and tedious 
 work. The rails and sleepers had been dragged from their places and flung away. 
 These must be found, fitted, and fastened. This too, by men used to Wail Street, 
 Park Place, the Fifth Avenue, and the Bloomingdale Road, but not hitherto 
 
 counted expert as builders of railroads. Nevertheless, they succeeded 
 
 This experience has been a- good one. It has shown the North of what stuff 
 their most cherished sons are made. The race of the present day is not ef 
 feminate, nor indolent, nor dried up, nor burnt out. Vigorous and full of the 
 manliest manhood, it will show to the whole country that it is equal to the charge 
 committed to it in these trying days." 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 107 
 
 looking, with the moon shining full on our muskets, while the banks 
 were wrapped in shade, and each moment expecting to see the flash and 
 hear the crack of the rifle of the Southern guerilla. The tree-frogs 
 and lizards made a mournful music as we passed. The soil on which 
 we travelled was soft and heavy. The sleepers lying at intervals across 
 the track made the marching terribly fatiguing. On all sides dark, 
 lonely pine-woods stretched away; and high over the hooting of owls 
 or the plaintive petition of the whippoorwill rose the bass commands 
 of Halt ! Forward, march ! and when we came to any ticklish spot the 
 word would run from the head of the column along the line, Holes, 
 Bridge, pass it along/ &c. 
 
 " As the night wore on, the monotony of the march became oppressive. 
 Owing to our having to explore every inch of the way, we did not make 
 more than a mile or a mile and a half an hour. We ran out of stimu 
 lants, and almost out of water. Most of us had not slept for four nights, 
 and as the night advanced our march was almost a stagger. This w T as 
 not so much fatigue as want of excitement. Our fellows were spoiling 
 for a fight ; and when a dropping shot was heard in the distance, it was 
 wonderful to see how the languid legs straightened, and the column 
 braced itself for action. If we had had even the smallest kind of a 
 skirmish, the men would have been able to walk to Washington. As it 
 was, we went sleepily on. 1 myself fell asleep walking in the ranks. 
 Numbers, I find, followed my example." 
 
 In the same strain, Winthrop says : " Hardly any one 
 had had any full or substantial sleep or meal since we 
 started from New York. They napped off, standing, lean 
 ing on their guns, dropping down in their tracks, on the 
 wet ground, at every halt. They were sleepy, but plucky." 
 Still another published account says : " The boys were so 
 tired that, when we stopped, they fell down to sleep as if 
 they were dead." 
 
 There were calls for the advance to " scare up the Rebs " ; 
 but the guerillas kept out of harm s way.* As the 
 
 * C. S. H. writes : u I was one of the skirmishers, and did not sleep a wink from 
 two and a half o clock on Wednesday morning until four on Thursday morning. 
 There were thirty-five of our company that went ahead of the rest to look for the 
 Secessionists. One of the party saw four men tearing up the track a little dis 
 tance off. The order wae given: Throw away your blankets, double-quick, 
 march. On we went on the run, and then the order was given: Ready, right 
 oblique, aim. But the rascals were already in the woods." 
 
108 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 regiment threaded the gloomy forest aisles, or plunged 
 into the dismal and deceitful denies of the road, it would 
 have been an easy prey to an equal force lying in ambush 
 and sure of the ground. However, the enemy, alarmed by 
 the absurdly extravagant reports of the numbers and prow 
 ess of the Seventh, did not collect, had not, indeed, sufficient 
 time for organization. The only alarm in the night was 
 a trivial one, produced by the accidental discharge of a gun, 
 which alarmed the skirmishers in advance, who thereupon 
 fired several muskets and pistols to announce their own 
 position. 
 
 So the night wore on, without a respite in the toilsome 
 march. One of Colonel Lefferts s officers, coming to the 
 head of the column, declared to the Colonel that it was " in 
 human " to continue the march. But the Colonel, who had 
 not slept a moment for two nights and a day, and rightly 
 judged that the spirit of his men was one with his own, 
 pressed on. Some of the officers of the Eighth Massachu 
 setts also came up from their own regiment in the rear, 
 and urged the commander of the Seventh to abandon the 
 platform-cars on which the howitzers were transported. 
 He replied that he should abandon nothing, and marched 
 steadily on. 
 
 At length, between three and four o clock, just as day 
 was dawning, the regiment debouched from the woods and 
 swamp. It was hard by Annapolis Junction, at which point 
 opposition had been looked for. The Colonel halted the 
 regiment in an open ground, and taking a detachment of 
 about one hundred and fifty skirmishers, proceeded with 
 them to reconnoitre. He found the Junction deserted. 
 
 Returning to the regiment, resting in a wheat-field, he 
 allowed fires to be built of the neighboring fence-rails, for 
 which, as for anything else seized during the campaign, 
 liberal payment was made at once. Most of the men lay 
 down directly to sleep, while others started in pursuit of 
 
THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 109 
 
 provisions. The people of the village and of the farm 
 houses were aroused by the foraging-parties of the hungry 
 troops ; and bread, eggs, milk, fowls, and other edibles, were 
 gladly brought out for sale. 
 
 It was found that the railroad between Washington and 
 the Junction had been kept from the hands of the insur 
 gents, and that the government, anxious for the arrival of 
 the regiment, had already, the day before, sent a train of 
 cars to the latter point to receive it. For a few hours, 
 therefore, and until the train should arrive, the regiment 
 took rest and sleep, the advance in the village, and the 
 main body around their camp-fires in the wheat-field. 
 At length the train came, in charge of the " National 
 Rifles," Captain Smead. The whole regiment was soon 
 on board the cars, which were crowded to overflowing, 
 and, leaving the Junction at ten o clock of April 25th, 
 arrived at noon, without further incident of importance, in 
 the city of Washington. 
 
110 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 
 
 IRED a,s they were, when 
 Colonel Lefferts saw, ou 
 arriving at Washington, its 
 state of anxiety and alarm, 
 he did not hesitate to march 
 his men from the depot to 
 the President s mansion ; 
 and it was only after pass 
 ing in review before the 
 President, who stood, all 
 smiles, ready to greet the 
 reinforcement he had so 
 long looked for, that the 
 men were allowed to break 
 ranks and go in search of 
 rations and rest. 
 
 The arrival of this splen 
 did a,rray of reinforcements 
 produced a happy effect 
 people of Washington, and not less upon the 
 " The effect of this movement," said 
 
 ^ 
 
 upon the 
 
 national authorities, 
 the Adjutant-General of the United States, " no one can esti 
 mate so well as those of us present in our capital. At this 
 time we were surrounded by enemies, with traitors in our 
 midst, and, worst of all, those of my own profession, on 
 whom the government had a right to look for support. 
 Then it was that you came forward, with bayonets far more 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. Ill 
 
 in number than you ever paraded on a gala-day. And 
 when, after great difficulties and delays, you reached the 
 capital, what a thrill of delight pervaded our loyal popu 
 lation ! In every direction you could hear, THE SEVENTH 
 HAVE COME ! The anxious week, and especially the dark 
 Sunday, had passed, and we felt secure." 
 
 It was doubtless a delicious mingling of the feelings of 
 joy and pride, joy to find the capital still in the ha.nds 
 of the nation, and pride at the consciousness of having come 
 through trials to its rescue, that inspired the regiment, 
 and made its march through Pennsylvania Avenue that day, 
 despite the week s weariness, a superb exhibition of soldierly 
 precision.* But there was enough in the circumstances of 
 that day to give the regiment spirit. " Until we actually 
 saw the train awaiting us [at Annapolis Junction]," says 
 Winthrop, " and the Washington companies who had come 
 down to escort us drawn up, we did not know whether 
 our Uncle Sam was still a resident of the capital." When, 
 therefore, the flagof the Union was descried floating over 
 
 * A Washington letter to the New York Herald, sent via Perrysville and Havre 
 de Grace, says : " The five days of isolation from the remainder of the world, which 
 to Washington seemed a month, have ended. The Seventh Re giment, reported now 
 to have been cut to pieces; now to be coming up the Potomac in the old Constitu 
 tion, towed by steam-tugs; now to be marching across the country, and now to be 
 aground in a vessel off Annapolis, reached the railroad station here about noon 
 yesterday. The whistle, not heard for many hours in our isolated position, brought 
 an excited crowd to welcome them to the city; and the welcome extended along 
 Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House, where they were reviewed by the Presi 
 dent and Secretaries Seward and Cameron. 
 
 " As you will see, when I tell you the history of the previous thirty-six hours, it 
 required no little spirit to march that hot, dusty two miles, over heated pavements. 
 One of the most stalwart men in the regiment, a man who weighs one hundred and 
 eighty pounds, and has always been a leader in gymnastics and boating, told me 
 this morning that his feet felt at every step as though knives were running through 
 them. A sergeant s feet were a mass of blisters, and many others were in a bad 
 plight. Yet, with true Seventh Regiment pluck, after such a march as Regular 
 troops seldom make, a inarch worse, says one of the band, who served in the 
 Mexican War, and at other times in the Regular Army, than any forced march 
 within his experience, every man. except three cr four who were sun-struck on 
 the previous day and had not then entirely recovered, was in the ranks. All are 
 well now, and present their usual fine appearance." 
 
112 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the dome of the Capitol, the rggiment burst into hearty 
 cheers. No wonder that, as a correspondent wrote to the 
 New York papers, " they were hailed everywhere as sav 
 iours, and when they had marched up Pennsylvania Ave 
 nue, the people, in their overwrought feelings, broke the 
 ranks, and grasped the hands of New York s National Guard 
 with tears of joy ; the Clay Battalion, the Lane Guard, the 
 President, his Cabinet, and General Scott, repeatedly ex 
 pressed indebtedness." * 
 
 The news flashed through the city, and thence across the 
 country, wherever the wires had not been cut by the enemy. 
 It is only by noting the universal expressions of satisfaction 
 and relief in the public press of the North everywhere, on 
 learning the news, that the true measure of the reliance 
 placed upon the Seventh in this darkest hour of national 
 exigency can be fixed. A despatch to the New York 
 Tribune, from Washington, on the day of arrival, April 
 25th, gives a more vivid account of the feeling existing 
 in that city than any later historic description could fur 
 nish. It runs thus : 
 
 " The Seventh .Regiment has arrived amid the wildest enthusiasm. 
 As they approached the station, the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment 
 were outside the Capitol, and a mighty cheer went up from the mass, 
 which was distinctly heard far off in the town. At once the city, before 
 BO dull, was alive, and running toward the station. One would have 
 thought the invasion was of a foe, and that a panic had seize^ the 
 population. 
 
 " At one o clock the regiment was on the Avenue, marching in splen 
 did style toward the White House. They looked worn and weary, as 
 well they might, after their rough work. Nevertheless, they were all in 
 good spirits, and they walked almost with springing steps. As they 
 
 * Another correspondent 6ays : " They marched up Pennsylvania Avenue about 
 one o clock, in soldier-like style, with knapsacks, canteens, great-coats, etc., 
 weather-bronzed, and looking like veterans. Cheers greeted them: and as they 
 passed in review before President Lincoln at the White House, he evidently felt 
 that he was well supported in his determination to preserve the Union and to en 
 force the laws. Mrs. Lincoln presented the regiment with a magnificent bouquet 
 from the conservatory at the White House." 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 113 
 
 passed along, they were received with frequent cheers, and the ladies 
 continually waved their handkerchiefs, while smiles were on every face* 
 No body of men could ever meet a more enthusiastic or hearty greeting 
 than they, to whom every bosom seemed to warm. When in place of 
 the drums and fifes, the full band struck up, the whole city danced with 
 delight. A greater change never passed over a town, than that wrought 
 in the space of half an hour by the corning of the long-looked-for 
 Seventh. 
 
 " The regiment marched to the White House, paid a salute to the 
 President, before whom they passed in review, then went directly to 
 their quarters at Willard s, Brown s, and the National Hotels. At the 
 former place they at once gathered about the fountain in the enclosed 
 yard to wash. While thus engaged, they were addressed by Cassius M. 
 Clay and General Lane, to whose remarks they responded with their 
 peculiar cheer. Then came dinner, which was partaken of with a relish 
 known only to the hungry. 
 
 " The few Secessionists in town have wilted quite awa) . Few can 
 IDG found, and those few are anxiously looking toward Virginia, to whose 
 bosom they hasten. They can be spared. There is no news in town, 
 and there is no need of any. .Three hours ago we were the dullest, 
 most tired people in the world. Now every man is on the alert. The 
 infusion of Massachusetts and New York, who, shoulder to shoulder, 
 came through the enemy s country to the relief of the national capital, 
 has acted like a cordial, and even the most sluggish are now enthusias 
 tic. We feel that we have a right to be proud of New York and her 
 sister, and we propose to maintain our rights, in this respect at least. 
 
 i Mr. Lincoln was the happiest-looking man in town as the regiment 
 was marching by him. As an Illinois man remarked, He smiled all 
 over, and he certainly gave in his countenance clear expression to the 
 feeling of relief born in all by this wished-for arrival." 
 
 In a similar spirit, on the day following, the Washington 
 correspondent of the New York Commercial Advertiser 
 wrote : 
 
 u The New York Seventh, your own National Guard, first insured the 
 safety of the city, which had been held prior to their arrival by a force 
 of Regulars and Volunteers, entirely inadequate to.the defence of so large 
 an area. Had the Secessionists been able to concentrate four or five 
 thousand men, and to erect batteries on Arlington Heights, commanding 
 the President s house and the departments around it, they might have 
 taken possession of the greater portion of the city by a coup de main. 
 8 
 
114 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " The Massachusetts Sixth could have held the Capitol, which was 
 jvell provisioned, and in a state of defence, and the other public build 
 ings might have been defended, but the troops garrisoning them could 
 not have prevented raids through the extended city. The Secession 
 ists hoped for this attack, and their organs at Baltimore and Richmond 
 invited it. 
 
 " But when the New York Seventh inarched up Pennsylvania Avenue, 
 traitors hung their heads, and the doubters became strong Union men at 
 once." 
 
 While the regiment indulged in baths and clean linen, 
 in hearty meals and in sleep, in sight-seeing or in letter- 
 writing, Colonel Lefferts, who had been at once sent for by 
 President Lincoln, remained in consultation with him for 
 two hours. The President asked a great many questions re 
 garding the condition of Maryland, whose status on the great 
 subject of the hour was still doubtful, and regarding also the 
 march of the regiment. Colonel Lefferts was able to an 
 nounce that he had brought his command through to Wash 
 ington without the loss of a man, having marched twenty 
 miles the day before, repairing the railroad as he went. 
 The President then complimented the regiment, and said 
 that he thanked its members from the bottom of his heart. 
 
 Thence Colonel Lefferts proceeded to head-quarters, and 
 reported to Lieutenant-General Scott for duty. On express 
 ing his regret at the unexpected delay which had occurred 
 at Annapolis, he was stopped by General Scott, who said in 
 his most emphatic tone, " You have made a fine march, sir ; 
 you have done all that could be done, and you have my 
 thanks." The Lieutenant-General then asked Colonel Lef 
 ferts what his regiment required. To this Colonel Lefferts 
 replied : " Nothing but rations ; our camp equipage will soon 
 be up from Annapolis." With this answer the command 
 ing general seemed pleased, and the Colonel thereupon 
 withdrew. 
 
 Perhaps no more terse or just view of the situation of 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 115 
 
 Washington at this time can be given than that contained 
 in the report made a few weeks later to the famous Union 
 Defence Committee * of New York, by its chairman, Simeon 
 Draper, Esq., one of whose sons marched with the Seventh, 
 and read by the secretary, Prosper M. Wetmore, Esq., the 
 first colonel of the same regiment. It said : 
 
 "At the moment of their appointment, the committee found a civil 
 war raging ; portions of the army and navy seriously demoralized ; 
 treason working its will upon the property and flag of the country ; 
 and the capital of the nation, with all its treasures of archives and 
 history, lying almost at the mercy of an unscrupulous assailant. 
 Arsenals had been pillaged ; public vessels had been surrendered with 
 out a shot fired in their defence ; bodies of troops had laid down their 
 arms in dishonor ; and in the judgment of the world, serious apprehen 
 sions were entertained that an unjustifiable rebellion might become a 
 
 successful revolution With a generous frankness, which confers 
 
 honor upon the stations which they fill, the chief executive officers 
 of the national government and the distinguished commanding general 
 of the army have been pleased to say, that the safety of the national 
 capital and the preservation of the archives of the government, at a 
 moment when both were seriously menaced, may fairly be attributed to 
 the prompt and efficient action of the State and city of New York, 
 
 * This Committee was organized originally as follows : 
 
 JOHN A. Dix, Chairman, CHARLES H. MARSHALL, 
 
 SIMEON DRAPER, Vice- Chairman, ROBERT H. McCuRDY, 
 
 WILLIAM M. EVARTS, Secretary, MOSES H. GRINNELL, 
 
 THEODORE DEHON, Treasurer, ROYAL PHELPS, 
 
 MOSES TAYLOR, WILLIAM E. DODGE, 
 
 RICHARD M. BLATCHFORD, GREENE C. BRONSON, 
 
 EDWARDS PIERREPONT, HAMILTON FISH, 
 
 ALEX. T. STEWART, WILLIAM F. HAVEMEYER, 
 
 SAMUEL SLOAN, CHARLES H. RUSSELL, 
 
 JOHN JACOB ASTOR, JR., JAMES T. BRADY, 
 
 JOHN J. Cisco, RUDOLPH A. WITTHAUS, 
 
 JAMES S. WADSWORTH, ABIEL A. Low, 
 
 ISAAC BELL, PROSPER M. WETMORE. 
 
 JAMES BOOKMAN, A. C. RICHARDS, 
 
 THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 
 THE COMPTROLLER OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 
 THE PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF ALDERMEN, 
 THE PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF COUNCILMEN. 
 
116 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 united with the vigorous efforts of the noble Commonwealth of Massa 
 chusetts, devoted to the same patriotic objects " 
 
 A United States Senator publicly declared, on the morn 
 ing of April 14th : " Unless the people of the free States fill 
 up this city with their troops, it will be seized by the Seces 
 sionists." The Washington correspondent of the New York 
 Evening Post asserted, the same day, from what he claimed 
 to be high authority, in reference to " the panic that ex 
 ists among a portion of our citizens," that an " arranged 
 attack" of the Secessionists was already under way, and 
 that " there are to-day five thousand armed Rebels who meet 
 nightly for military drill within a few miles of Washing 
 ton," and " nearly one thousand within the District, en 
 rolled and armed, and ready at the command of their of 
 ficers to lead an attack upon the government." 
 
 The ten days that followed at Washington, before the 
 arrival of the Seventh, were distressing. The city was less 
 like the proud capital of a powerful nation than a belea 
 guered citadel in fear of capture. The breaking up of rail, 
 mail, and wire communication with the North prevented 
 the government from knowing how the people were rallying 
 to its support ; officers of the army and navy dropped daily, 
 one after another, into the enemy s column ; the latter was 
 believed to be menacing Washington, while, in the rear, 
 Maryland threw itself up as a barrier against the approach 
 of troops across its soil to defend the capital. So sorely 
 pressed, so sore distressed, was the government at this junc 
 ture, that it stooped to parley with Maryland, whose Governor 
 had " felt it his duty to advise the President of the United 
 States to order elsewhere the troops off Annapolis, and also 
 that no more be sent through Maryland, and that Lord 
 Lyons be requested to act as mediator between the parties, 
 to avoid the effusion of blood." The government instructed 
 Secretary Scward to assure Governor Hicks that " the force 
 now sought to be brought through Maryland is intended 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 117 
 
 for nothing but the defence of this capital " ; and furthermore 
 that " the national highway thus selected by the Lieutenant- 
 General has been chosen by him, upon consultation with 
 prominent magistrates and citizens of Maryland, as the one 
 which, while a route is absolutely necessary, is further re 
 moved from the populous cities of the State, and with the 
 expectation that it would therefore be the least objection 
 able one." These significant diplomacies show how neces 
 sary it was felt to be, at whatever concessions, to get " the 
 troops off Annapolis" into the capital; and meanwhile, 
 with the handful of Regulars and militia, and the pioneer 
 Massachusetts Sixth at disposal, the citizens themselves, 
 including the government officials, organized for its de 
 fence, and, under such leaders as Clay of Kentucky and 
 Lane of Kansas, patrolled the streets by night, and stood 
 on guard at the bridges, the President s house, the Capitol, 
 the Navy-yard, and the departments. As for Baltimore, it 
 was in the hands of a mob which tore down Union flags 
 and proclaimed itself for secession ; and the interior of 
 Maryland was hardly more hopeful, it would seem, since 
 troops from Harrisburg, that reached Ashland, Maryland, 
 while the Seventh was approaching Annapolis, were ordered 
 back by the War Department, and made to pass by way of 
 Philadelphia and Chesapeake Bay. 
 
 On the day the Seventh Regiment arrived at Washington, 
 the New York papers contained the news brought through 
 from Washington the previous Tuesday by special mes 
 senger. This news said that " in Washington there was 
 great alarm felt in consequence of the immense difficulties 
 of getting in reinforcements, and the apprehension that 
 the city would be attacked while it was comparatively un 
 defended. There were not more than from four to five 
 thousand men under arms for the defence of the capital, 
 and of these there were only a few hundred Regulars. 
 There was no confidence in the fidelity of the District 
 
118 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 militia. The arrival of the Seventh Regiment was anx 
 iously prayed for, but no reinforcements had arrived from 
 any quarter after Friday evening, when the Massachusetts 
 regiment arrived from Baltimore. The fear of famine is 
 superadded to the dangers of war. All who could remove 
 their families to places of greater safety were doing so, and 
 were it not for the almost impossibility of getting away, 
 all the women, children, and non-combatants would desert 
 the city. 
 
 " No means of defence are neglected. The public build 
 ings are all barricaded, as if General Scott looked to the 
 probability of having to dispute the possession of the city 
 point by point. 
 
 " There was nothing positive known of the movements 
 of the hostile forces. It had been reported that Arlington 
 Heights, on the opposite shore of the Potomac, were held 
 by four or five thousand men, under command of Colonel 
 Lee, and also that General Beauregard had reached that 
 position and was reconnoitring. The Heights are probably 
 two miles, as the bird flies, from the White House and 
 Treasury building, so that cannon of long range might 
 from there destroy the city. Another statement was that 
 the Virginians were concentrated below Alexandria. If 
 so, they would probably cross the Potomac down there, 
 and inarch up to the Heights commanding the Navy- 
 yard, which could easily be destroyed from there. At 
 all events, an attack on Washington was at any moment 
 imminent." 
 
 The next day, one of the same leading papers de 
 clared : 
 
 " The capital on Tuesday afternoon was in peril of capture, owing to 
 the fact that the expected reinforcements had not arrived from the North 
 in consequence of the interruption of the passage through Maryland, and 
 there is an earnest, urgent appeal from Washington for more troops and 
 for field-pieces. There is not a moment to be lost. It appears, that, in 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 119 
 
 addition to the Virginia troops in the vicinity of Washington, Jefferson 
 Davis and Beauregard are at Richmond with twenty-seven thousand men, 
 and for all we know to the contrary may now be in possession of the 
 Federal capital. 
 
 " The motive of the obstruction of the Northern troops at Baltimore 
 and other points in Maryland is now fully developed. It is evident that 
 the design was to cause such delay as would enable the invaders to be 
 present in force at Washington before the Federal troops could reach the 
 scene of action from the North. It is all a question of time. The city 
 has no natural or artificial strength to enable it to hold out against supe 
 rior odds, and it has so many approaches that a small body of troops 
 cannot effectually protect it long. We learn that the long bridge 
 is well secured by General Scott, and that he has broken down the 
 bridge at Georgetown ; but by means of boats or rafts it is possible 
 for troops to cross the Potomac higher up, and, perhaps, even below 
 Washington. 
 
 " So apprehensive of danger was the Commander-in-Chief, that barri 
 cades were constructed before the windows of the public buildings, earth 
 works were thrown up, women and children, and even men, were fleeing. 
 All things indicated an approaching conflict. But if the Southern troops 
 did not succeed in effecting a capture yesterday, they will be met to-day 
 by a force large enough to keep them at bay till fresh troops arrive from 
 the North ; and there is a consolation in the case of Washington, that, 
 even if it should be taken, it is not such a stronghold as can be retained 
 against superior numbers, and the ability of the North to speedily retake 
 it cannot be doubted." 
 
 Such were the circumstances under which the Seventh 
 reached Washington. If some of the dangers to the capital 
 were, in that hour of panic, exaggerated, enough remained 
 that were real. But, on the day after the Seventh s arrival, 
 President Lincoln sent word to Philadelphia that " the 
 Seventh Regiment and the Massachusetts regiment were 
 now in Washington. There was great need of reinforce 
 ments, but Washington might be considered safe for the 
 country and the Constitution." 
 
 As with the ultimate safety of Washington, so with the 
 march of the Seventh to its rescue, the happy issue from 
 peril must not deceive us as to the peril that actually ex- 
 
120 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 isted. " I saw in Washington," writes the Chaplain of the 
 regiment, Dr. Weston, " and there heard read, a mass of 
 captured telegraphic despatches, in which was disclosed the 
 plan for cutting off the Seventh by destroying the bridges, 
 removing the rails, and charging with cavalry through every 
 cross-road they were to pass. The plan was admirably con 
 ceived, and I afterwards learned in Washington why it was 
 abandoned. It seems the colonel of the body of the enemy s 
 horse (some five hundred strong) had been sent in disguise 
 to Annapolis, to watch our movements. He was there on 
 the eve of our march, and saw the rapid formation of the 
 troops in order of battle, when the alarm was given to 
 which I have before alluded. He returned and reported it 
 was inexpedient to attack. This information I had direct 
 from a Union man, who had fled from Maryland, and who 
 received it from a friend, a member of the enemy s cavalry : 
 so the information was sufficiently authentic and direct. 
 Hence the reported destruction of the Seventh, from the 
 Charleston papers. They reported as done what was so 
 well planned and confidently anticipated. The Rebels may 
 have been deterred, too, by the knowledge of masses of 
 troops in the rear, which had just arrived by the Baltic and 
 other transports." 
 
 The rumors of the slaughter of the Seventh, near the 
 Junction, came from three or four sources. In a Charles 
 ton paper of the time in question appears, with display 
 heads, and a great flourish of trumpets, this ferocious de 
 spatch : 
 
 " By Telegraph ! Glorious News ! Three times Three for Mary 
 land ! The crack regiment of New York, the Seventh, met and 
 entirely defeated between Annapolis and Marlboro . Just as we were 
 going to press last night, a despatch was received by General Gwynn 
 that the Seventh Regiment of New York, in their attempt to proceed 
 from Annapolis to Washington, were met and cut to pieces by the Mary- 
 landers, between that city and Marlboro , Maryland." 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 121 
 
 And in a Baltimore paper may be found the following 
 memorable paragraph : 
 
 " THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. The great question of interest now is, 
 whether or not the New York Seventh Regiment was cut to pieces 
 on the route from Annapolis to Washington, as alleged. We publish all 
 we have been able to gather on the subject ; and as accounts from three 
 or four various sources all agree, it seems there should be truth in the 
 report. And yet it is hardly reasonable. The regiment is near a thou 
 sand strong, the best drilled and disciplined troops in all the North, and 
 entered Maryland with a prospect that their passage would be disputed. 
 It is hardly to be supposed that they were unprepared for the onset, and 
 still more improbable that they should be defeated and cut to pieces 
 by an undisciplined and indifferently armed body of civilians. And then 
 again, the engagement probably occurred on Sunday or Monday last, 
 and it is strange that we have no details up to this late day. We hope, 
 however, that it is true, and that every Northern soldier who desecrates 
 the soil of a Southern State will meet with a similar fate." 
 
 Into what stress of anxiety and grief these rumors, 
 reaching to New York, plunged the friends and kin of 
 the Seventh Regiment, may easily be imagined. An offi 
 cer s wife wrote to him from New York, on the morning of 
 April 26th : " We were all awakened with a start, at four 
 o clock this morning, by that ominous sound, the ringing of 
 
 the door-bell There was a terrible report about here, 
 
 on Saturday last, the day after you started, that there had 
 been a fight somewhere, and a large number of the regi 
 ment killed The ladies of New York are doing 
 
 their part nobly; meetings are held all over the city to 
 form societies for preparing lint, bandages, clothing, and 
 everything that may be needed in case of war. The en 
 thusiasm here about the Seventh Regiment exceeds every 
 thing. I think, if a member is injured, the excitement 
 will surpass all bounds. Its name is in every mouth, and 
 every one, even those who have not the slightest per 
 sonal connection with it, seems to look upon each mem 
 ber as a near relative." 
 
122 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 On the day after the Seventh s arrival, the remainder of 
 Gunpowder Bridge, near Baltimore, was destroyed, and 
 the report of the destruction of the Bush River Bridge was 
 confirmed. Three days after its arrival, telegraphic com 
 munication was opened for the first time in nine days 
 direct to New York ; and on the same day arrived the 
 Seventy-First New York and Sixth Pennsylvania Regiments, 
 and the Fifth and the remainder of the Eighth Massachusetts. 
 The telegram from Washington which announced these 
 welcome reinforcements added : 
 
 " All report a hard journey from Annapolis, the greater part on foot, 
 with a scanty stock of provisions. 
 
 " The Seventy-First marched over the turnpike, for the most part, near 
 the railroad, to the Junction, where they arrived at four o clock on Fri 
 day morning. They waited there for the cars until four in the afternoon, 
 and were just seated when they were called to arms and formed in line 
 of battle. Yells and shouts were heard on all sides, and it was appre 
 hended that they had been surrounded. After three hours delay they 
 returned to the cars, but were ordered to be ready during the night. 
 Fires were seen in all directions." 
 
 Major-General S. R. Curtis, who, as has been seen, ac 
 companied the regiment from Annapolis, soon after wrote 
 to a friend a letter which was given to the papers, and in 
 which he said : 
 
 " I have, as you know, seen many troops, and commanded some of the 
 best in our army ; but I confess I never saw the peer of the Seventh 
 Regiment. The material is here to make honorable competition, but _ 
 they have not yet become successful rivals. 
 
 "The Massachusetts Eighth deserve great credit fon the endurance, 
 intelligence, and courage they manifested ; and General Butler is a man 
 of great zeal, energy, and intelligence ; but the Seventh New York is 
 made up of educated, intelligent gentlemen, all raised in ease and 
 luxury, but perfectly resigned to the exposures, fatigues, and privations 
 incident to the hardest service I ever witnessed. 
 
 " I know this regiment gets many compliments, but I declare no men 
 ever more deserved them. The good order and great strength they 
 evinced, united with the zeal and mechanical skill of the Massachusetts 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 123 
 
 regiment, seemed a. triumphant march to our besieged capital, settled 
 the question of ils safety, and stifled the insurrection in Maryland. I 
 was urged to remain in Annapolis to assist in organizing that post, but 
 at the urgent request of Colonel Lefferts, who is a most gallant officer 
 and amiable gentleman, I came on with him, and am still recognized 
 and continue to do some service as a member of his staff. 
 
 " I, of course, reported myself also to General Scott for duty, and in 
 my various positions have found constant employment since my arrival ; 
 sometimes in one department and sometimes in another." 
 
 High praise though this be, it is not overstrained, when 
 we consider that the regiment was a body of militia, not of 
 veterans, city youth trained to civil life, unused to such 
 hardships as the march furnished. 
 
 We have seen how the march of the Seventh thrilled 
 the North ; it only remains to note the effect the same 
 event produced at the South, where the regiment was 
 hardly less known and honored. 
 
 At first the news of its promptness in leading New York 
 to the front was received with incredulity, and next the 
 cry was raised that " the Seventh would not invade." For 
 example, a Baltimore letter to a New York paper said : 
 
 " The Baltimoreans have almost as great a pride in our Seventh 
 Regiment as New-Yorkers have, and feel assured that the Seventh will 
 never fight against them. It was currently reported there yesterday, 
 that the officers of the Seventh had said that they volunteered only to de 
 fend Washington, and would never march into either Virginia or Maryland 
 to invade these States. This report was very generally believed, though 
 it does not coincide with the desires expressed both at New York and 
 Philadelphia by members of the Seventh, to march through Baltimore 
 at every hazard, and to avenge the Massachusetts troops." 
 
 A telegram from Washington carried the same report, 
 whereupon the New York News said : 
 
 "TnK NOBLE SEVENTH GOD BLESS THKM! A -telegraphic de 
 spatch has said : The New York Seventh Regiment declare they will 
 not INVADE ; consequently they are looked upon with suspicion by the 
 administration/ 
 
124 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " This statement has been strengthened by assurances to the same 
 effect, given in public and private correspondence from Washington. 
 Whatever the administration may suspect or design is not the point to 
 be considered in adverting to the favorite regiment of this city, always 
 regarded with enthusiastic and just pride by our whole population. The 
 intelligence, refinement, true nationality, and honor of this splendid 
 body of citizen soldiery cannot encourage any step tending to national 
 disgrace. The defence of the Federal capital was demanded, and they 
 freely and promptly responded to the call. That service they have 
 nobly performed thus far, and it will be continued without a murmur. 
 Should the hostile invasion of Virginia be decided upon, we cannot ex 
 pect that they will advance against their countrymen with whom a few 
 months ago they were on terms of social friendliness, partaking of boun 
 teous and earnest hospitalities. Against the homes and hearths of their 
 recent hosts they cannot turn the reckless and indiscriminate fire that is 
 the characteristic of relentless and devastating war. For the hastening 
 of those peace measures which every good man must desire, the general 
 feeling of the Seventh Regiment is a glorious harbinger. It may yet be 
 chronicled that our brilliant regiment has turned the tide of war, not by 
 the force and shock of arms, but by the moral power of their unques 
 tioned patriotism, expressing itself within the domain of humanity and 
 reason." 
 
 This article being widely copied, Colonel Lefferts re 
 ceived a letter from a citizen of Hartford, saying : " What 
 we see in the public prints this evening of the course and 
 intentions of your regiment has produced a glorious thrill 
 
 in our city Can brother go to war with brother, 
 
 father against son, over the negro question ? I hope not. 
 Then, Colonel, do all you can to stop such an unholy war as 
 now stares us in the face." This delusion, however, was 
 soon dispelled, and was succeeded by an intensity of hate 
 which was compliment enough to the regiment, by showing 
 that its action was as annoying to the enemies of the Union 
 as it had been inspiring to its friends. The Montgomery 
 (Alabama) Mail, after alluding to the fact that many of 
 (he members of the regiment had " travelled through the 
 South on missions of business or pleasure, and been re 
 ceived as brothers and treated with princely hospitality by 
 
RESULTS OF THE MARCH. 125 
 
 our citizens," while the organization had been " the guests 
 of Richmond, Baltimore, and Washington," broke into this 
 strain of rage and passion : 
 
 " After all the favors and honors lavished on these first-class gentle 
 men and merchant soldiers of New York City, they were the first to re 
 spond to the call of a perjured President and his perfidious Secretary 
 of War, and to march in * hot haste as the vanguard of Lincoln s 
 army of mercenary marauders in an infamous raid upon the integrity 
 and the peace of the South. We feel no hesitancy in denouncing the 
 conduct of the Seventh Regiment in this voluntary invasion of the 
 South, with arms in their hands and oaths upon their consciences to slay 
 our people and burn our property, in obedience to the secret orders of a 
 malignant and perfidious Cabinet, as base, mean, and dishonorable, not 
 only as a regiment, but as individuals. Let the South remember the 
 Seventh New York Regiment, and if the base stuff it is made of can 
 stand long enough in the field, let it be annihilated by the avengers of 
 
 an invaded country Henceforth and foi ever let the Seventh New 
 
 York Regiment and the merchants and the city it represents be re 
 membered by every man, woman, and child in all the South. Let the 
 finger of scorn and the hisses and bitter execrations of all honest men 
 follow each and every member of this disgraced regiment to an unhon- 
 ored grave. Had they arose to defend their section, their State, or 
 their city, we might have honored them as patriots. The day of reck 
 oning will come. In that day New York will be remembered, and the 
 voice of the South shall be Come out of her, my people. " 
 
 Another Southern paper discoursed as follows : 
 
 " The pleasing illusions which have been indulged concerning the exist 
 ence of some lingering traits of gratitude and delicacy in the hearts of 
 the Seventh Regiment were all dispelled by the paragraph published 
 yesterday. A general feeling of satisfaction, however, is expressed that, 
 now we know them in their true colors, they will form part of the force 
 which is to invade Virginia. They will receive, beyond a doubt, such 
 attentions as such men deserve. Probably the Seventh Regiment is the 
 best-drilled regiment in the Northern Army ; but its qualities are more 
 adapted to show than use." 
 
 A Virginia paper of the same date announces that 
 
 u All the souvenirs from the New York Seventh Regiment, which 
 are now in Richmond, have been draped in mourning. Mayor Mayo of 
 
126 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Richmond has returned his certificate of membership given him by the 
 regiment, and requesting them to destroy any mementos of friend 
 ship they may have from him." 
 
 In allusion to this action, and to the general braggadocio 
 that preceded the shock of arms, the New York Times rather 
 mockingly said : 
 
 " O that we only had gentlemen to fight, was the lament of Dixie s 
 land. Give us foemen worthy of our steel, was their constant petition. 
 Quite a shout of delight went up, we remember, from the press of 
 Mobile, when it was published that the New York Seventh had gone 
 to the war ; for it was generally known that it was rich and respecta 
 ble. And yet so strange and contradictory are notions among the 
 chivalry, Virginia, the first land for first families, did not share in this 
 gratified emotion. Virginia gentlemen were indignant when they 
 learned that the Seventh had marched forth under the stars and 
 stripes. It was considered an offence not to be forgiven, that gentle 
 men should take up arms against the South. And aristocratic Rich 
 mond returned all the souvenirs it held of our gallant Seventh ! " 
 
 Another slip from the Baltimore American will perhaps 
 amuse the reader of to-day, and serve as well to show the 
 importance attached to the march of the Seventh Regi 
 ment : 
 
 " A CRACK REGIMENT. Colonel Pettigrew of Charleston is rais 
 ing a regiment of mounted riflemen for service in Virginia. It is com 
 posed wholly of picked men, each member being required to furnish his 
 own horse and accoutrements. The regiment will be specially pitted, 
 it is said, against the Seventh of New York. , 
 
 But now we must forbear from further citations of this 
 nature, and return to the narrative proper, which left the 
 Seventh Regiment encamped in the national capital. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 127 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 T was a strange scene, and 
 typical of the historic 
 epoch, soldiery sat in the 
 seats of the law-givers, 
 inter arma silent leges. 
 When the tramp of the 
 Seventh Regiment re 
 sounded through the Capi 
 tol, and its muskets rang 
 on the marble floor, when 
 the neat gray uniforms, with 
 spotless belts and glitter 
 ing bayonets, swarmed into 
 the halls of debate, the sig 
 nificance of this new drama 
 struck every actor. Hence 
 forth not the ballot, but the 
 bullet. 
 
 Colonel Leflferts estab 
 lished his head-quarters in the Speaker s room ; his staff 
 occupied the committee-rooms ; the companies were as 
 signed to the floor, the galleries, and the lobbies. Each 
 desk below and sofa above found its occupant. The Cap 
 itol became very cheerful and lively, but withal martial and 
 orderly. Strong guards were mounted at the doors within 
 and without, and drill, discipline, and soldierly deportment 
 were strictly enforced. Sentries guarded all the approaches, 
 
128 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 while on either side of the broad steps at tiie rear of the 
 building, which was the entrance in chief use, a howitzer 
 was mounted. Strict rules and " strict construction " were 
 now in force in these legislative halls.* The square east 
 of the building formed a convenient drill-ground, and the 
 drilling was constant ; and " in the rests between our 
 drills," wrote Winthrop, picturesquely, " we lay under the 
 young shade on the sweet young grass, with the odors of 
 snowballs and horse-chestnut blooms drifting to us with 
 every whiff of breeze." 
 
 V On the afternoon of the 26th of April, 1861, the regi 
 ment was mustered into the service of the United States 
 for the term of thirty days, unless sooner discharged. In 
 one sense, the main purpose of the regiment had already 
 been accomplished. Its mission was to save the national 
 capital in its first great hour of peril. That had been 
 done, and, in addition, a route had been opened, over which 
 regiment after regiment, following in the wake of the Sev 
 enth, poured into Washington. But the capital was still 
 in more or less danger of attack by the enemy, and the 
 Seventh accordingly pledged itself freely to an additional 
 month s service. At 3 P. M., the regiment having assem 
 bled by companies in the Capitol Square, Major (afterwards 
 Major-General) McDowell, the mustering officer, appeared 
 in full uniform, accompanied by President Lincoln, the Sec 
 retary of State, the Secretary of War, and many distin 
 guished officials. Line was formed, and the regiment was 
 then broken into column by companies. As Major Mc- 
 
 * A private letter from a member of the Fifth Company says: " Last evening 
 our party were on duty at the outer gate, where two aids of Major McDowell ap 
 proached and attempted to pass the guard after tattoo. We challenged them, 
 when they approached and said they were of the United States Army and aids of 
 Major McDowell. We told them we neither knew them nor Major McDowell, and 
 that they could not pass. They said they were entitled to pass the guard at all 
 times. A call was made for the sergeant, who took them to the guard-room, 
 where the officer of the day released them, complimenting us for our strict ad 
 herence to duty. Several incidents of the same kind have occurred." 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 129 
 
 Dowell, in his . soldierly voice, called the roll, and each 
 man answering " Here ! " brought his piece successively 
 to the " carry," the " order," and the " parade rest/ he 
 was struck by their intelligent and soldierly appearance. 
 "Sir," he said to one of the captains, "you have a com 
 pany of officers instead of soldiers." Square being formed, 
 Major McDowell said : " In accordance with a special ar 
 rangement made in your case with the Governor of New 
 York, you are now mustered into the service of the United 
 States for thirty days, unless sooner discharged. The 
 magistrate will administer the oath." Hereupon, to use 
 Winthrop s language, " a gentleman en mufti, but wearing 
 a military cap, with an oil-skin cover, was revealed. Until 
 now he had seemed an impassive supernumerary. But he 
 was biding his time, and, with due respect be it said, 
 saving his wind, and now in a stentorian voice he ejacu 
 lated, The following is the oath ! 
 
 " Per se this remark was not comic. But there was 
 something in the dignitary s manner which tickled the regi 
 ment. As one man the thousand smiled, and immediately 
 adopted this new epigram among its private countersigns. 
 
 " But the good-natured smile passed away as we listened 
 to the impressive oath, following its title. We raised our 
 right hands, and, clause by clause, repeated the solemn ob 
 ligation, in the name of. God, to be faithful soldiers of our 
 country 
 
 " We were thrilled and solemnized by the stately cere 
 mony of the oath. This again was most dramatic ; a grand 
 public recognition of a duty ; a reavowal of the fundamental 
 belief that our system was worthy of the support, and our 
 government of the confidence, of all loyal men. And there 
 was danger in the middle distance of our view into the fu 
 ture, danger of attack, or dangerous duty of advance, just 
 enough to keep any trifler from feeling that his pledge was 
 mere holiday business. 
 
130 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " So, under the cloudless blue sky, we echoed in unison 
 the sentences of the oath. A little low murmur of rattling 
 arms, shaken with the hearty utterance, made itself heard 
 in the pauses. Then the band crashed in magnificently. 
 
 " We were now miserable mercenaries, serving for low 
 pay and rough rations." 
 
 The crowd thronging the enclosure set up a great shout 
 as the Seventh Regiment became United States soldiers,* 
 The muster-roll will be found on page 140. 
 
 The Eighth Massachusetts arrived at Washington soon 
 after the National Guard, and was also quartered within the 
 Capitol, under the dome ; while the Sixth Massachusetts was 
 already in the Senate Chamber, twenty-five hundred men 
 there in all, glowing with " the brotherhood of ardent fellows 
 first in the field and earnest in the cause." On the 27th of 
 April, the day after the muster in, the Seventh Regiment 
 invited the Eighth to the best collation they could give, in 
 token of the friendship of comrades who had divided the 
 perils and sufferings of the great march. As the Seventh 
 had, during this march, earned the esteem and gratitude 
 of the Eighth by " sharing the crust," this more leisurely 
 entertainment increased their kindly feelings ; f and as it 
 
 * A newspaper correspondent says : " This afternoon the Seventh paraded in 
 grounds before the eastern portico of the Capitol, where they were mustered 
 in. Some of the chivalry had hopes that they would not take the oath of al 
 legiance, but when, after Major McDowell had read it twice, that all might under 
 stand it, he called on those ready to enlist to raise their right hands and to repeat 
 the pledge, every right arm was raised, and every man reverentially swore to pro 
 tect and defend the United States. It was a solemn sight, and one which bore 
 glorious testimony that the Republic is safe. Colonel Lefferts then requested that 
 any man who had not taken the oath would leave the ranks. Not a man moved." 
 
 t A letter from the Seventh says: " Just now, as I passed through the Rotunda, 
 there was a non-commissioned officer mounted on the staircase to the dome, explain 
 ing to the Massachusetts men, who were drawn up in order around the Rotunda, what 
 our men had done. In the centre were piled fifteen kegs of lager-beer, two thou 
 sand boiled eggs, piles of cheese, boxes of lemons and oranges, smoked beef, pipes 
 and tobacco, bread, &c., and a squad of men of the Seventh had begun to draw 
 and pass around the provender. It was hard to say which party looked the more 
 delighted, the donors or the recipients." 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 131 
 
 so happened about this time that one of the Massachu 
 setts line officers was accidentally wounded, his foot being 
 crushed, the Seventh quietly and at once contributed five 
 hundred dollars by subscription, and gave it to the sufferer. 
 A town meeting was held in Beverly on the 15th of May, 
 1861, where the following resolution was unanimously 
 passed, and forwarded to the Seventh Regiment : 
 
 "Resolved, That we tender to the far-famed SEVENTH REGIMENT 
 OF NEW YORK our heartfelt thanks for their many kindnesses to our 
 Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, and especially for their liberality 
 towards our wounded fellow-citizen, Lieutenant Moses S. Herrick." 
 
 The Eighth Regiment, at their meeting, passed the follow 
 ing resolutions on the same subject, of which a neat copy 
 was sent to Colonel Lefferts : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS COMMANDERS OF COMPANIES, 
 EIGHTH REGIMENT M. V. M., WASHINGTON, April 29, 1861. 
 To COLONEL LEFFERTS, OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE NEW 
 YORK SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 At a meeting of this regiment, held this morning, the following Pre 
 amble and Resolutions were unanimously adopted : > 
 
 Whereas, The trials and the fortunes of war have brought us into 
 close intimacy and companionship with the New York Seventh Regi 
 ment [National Guard], therefore 
 
 Resolved, That we feel it a duty owing not only to them, but to our 
 own hearts, to express, so far as may be in our power, our grateful 
 obligations to them for their many favors. 
 
 Resolved, That we deeply appreciate the hearty welcome extended to 
 us on landing at Annapolis, and their kind attention after the fatigues 
 of transportation and hazardous though successful service. 
 
 Resolved, That they have done all in their power to lessen the just 
 feelings of dissatisfaction which have prevailed throughout the regiment 
 by sharing with us their rations and their little conveniences, and by 
 ever being the first to offer assistance. 
 
 Resolved, That especially are our thanks due to the noble Seventh for 
 the generous entertainment furnished on the afternoon of Saturday, 
 April 27th, an entertainment so spontaneous, so bounteous, so heartily 
 appreciative of our condition, that no words can do it justice or do jus 
 tice to our gratitude. 
 
132 HISTOEY OF THE SEVENTH EEGIMENT. 
 
 Resolved, That in one other and very especial particular does their 
 generosity and benevolence touch our hearts. We refer to the voluntary 
 subscriptions raised among them for the benefit of one of our officers 
 accidentally wounded. 
 
 Resolved, That the term of aspersion so often used in connection with 
 the volunteer militia, " holiday soldiery," has been, in all the conduct 
 of the regiment to which we are so much indebted, triumphantly re 
 futed, and that it will hereafter be worthy of the highest fame, fame 
 that will ever attach to the name of the " Generous, Gallant, Glorious 
 Seventh" 
 
 Resolved, That wherever the Seventh may go we would go, where 
 they lodge we would lodge, and, if ever their colors go down before the 
 hosts of the enemy, the Eighth of Massachusetts would be the first to 
 avenge their fall with the heart s blood of every man. 
 
 KNOTT V. MARTIN, Chairman. 
 
 GEO. T. NEWHALL, Secretary. 
 
 A fortnight later, the following letter was forwarded to 
 the regiment by order of Lieutenant-General Scott, com 
 manding the army : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS OF THE ARMY, WASHINGTON, D. C., 
 
 May 13, 1861. 
 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding Seventh Regiment N. G. of N. Y. M. 
 General Scott desires the following extract of a letter from his 
 Excellency Governor Andrew of Massachusetts may be communicated 
 to you and your regiment : " A contribution of stores for free issue to 
 the troops has been forwarded. Ice contributed by Messrs. Addison 
 Gage & Co., and the provisions by the proprietors of the Faneuil Hall 
 Market." After indicating the distribution to be made of stores, occurs 
 the following : " With the wish of the contributors that the New York 
 Seventh should be remembered, as they did not forget the Massachu 
 setts Eighth." 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 SCHUYLER HAMILTON, 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel and Military Secretary. 
 
 Not the least unwonted scene at the national Capitol was 
 presented on the Sunday the Seventh spent there. The 
 regiment held service morning and evening. The pulpit 
 was the Speaker s desk, covered with the national flag, and 
 with the Bible resting on the flag. The regiment (except 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 133 
 
 the two hundred on guard) occupied the floor and galleries, 
 the band the reporters gallery, the choir of twenty ad 
 mirable voices, picked from a thousand, the Clerk s circle 
 below. 
 
 " Fellow-citizens and soldiers," the Chaplain said, " you are engaged 
 in making material for future historians, perhaps in fulfilling the very 
 prophecies read to you this morning. The capital is echoing to the 
 tread of armed legions ; but yesterday, on this classic hill, your thou 
 sand hands were raised to Heaven, and your thousand voices joined in 
 
 swearing fidelity to the Constitution of your land Our duty is to 
 
 defend our human rights, our country and firesides, and to leave the 
 rest with God. To this contest you have solemnly pledged yourselves. 
 The eyes of the whole nation are upon you. Your country expects yo 
 to do your duty both as warriors and heroic endurers. In the quality 
 of bravery you are above suspicion, but those rare virtues, fortitude 
 under disease and privation, and exact obedience to command, are 
 those you are especially called upon to exercise. He who cannot obey 
 cannot command. You have already done well, with the gallant aid of 
 our companions, those brave foremost offerings of Massachusetts, whose 
 sons once saved our Constitution, and have been the first to bleed for it 
 again. Let the Seventh Regiment so demean itself that hereafter it 
 shall be a glory to have been with it in this campaign. Napoleon told 
 his men that their greatest reward should be to have it said, There 
 goes one of the army of Italy. You may be equally proud to hear the 
 words : There goes one of the National Guard. And let the title be 
 no misnomer. Guard well the Republic ; see that it suffers no harm 
 from the unnatural children who have turned against it." 
 
 A published letter, referring to the morning service, 
 says : 
 
 " The Seventh is fortunate in its Chaplain, the Rev. Dr. Weston. 
 formerly rector of St. John s Church, New York, a man of talents, re 
 finement, and piety For once the magnificently elaborate decora 
 tions of the interior the gilding, painting, enamel, oak, marble, and 
 velvet blended together to the eye in the dim, religious light that falls 
 softly from the translucent ceiling, produced a half-appropriate effect. 
 .... That wonderful Episcopal service 1 Who, of whatever sect or 
 creed, has not acknowledged its beaut} and power ? Who has not felt 
 its marvellous comprehensiveness, through which it adapts itself to the 
 expression of every human want ? Thus, to-day, the words of the col- 
 
134 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 lect Defend us, thy humble servants, in all assaults of our enemies ; 
 that we, surely trusting in thy defence, may not fear the power of any 
 adversaries had a meaning never felt before. The prayer 4 for the 
 President, and all others in authority, seemed to be uttered with a 
 reserved intention to sternly assist in the fulfilment of the boon it asked. 
 But the following passage of the litany was impressive above all the 
 rest : From all sedition, privy conspiracy, and rebellion, good Lord, 
 deliver us ! " 
 
 The same afternoon, the President of the United States, 
 the Secretary of State, and other distinguished gentlemen, 
 visited the quarters of the regiment, and were enthusiasti 
 cally greeted. President Lincoln complimented the sol 
 diers on their fine appearance and gentlemanly bearing, and 
 thanked them for the promptness with which they had an 
 swered the call of the country." Secretary Seward followed 
 in a similar strain. 
 
 When the Seventh arrived in Washington, Assistant Ad 
 jutant-General Irvin McDowell had command of the capital, 
 and from his Order No. 1 an idea may be formed of the 
 general run of duties required of the regiment : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, CAPITOL, WASHINGTON, D. G., 
 
 April 27, 1861. 
 ORDERS No. 1. 
 
 I. Roll-calls will be as follows- : 
 
 Reveille, ...... 5 o clock, A. M. 
 
 Retreat, At sunset. 
 
 Tattoo, 10 o clock, p. M. 
 
 All must be present or accounted for at each of these calls. Ab 
 sentees without authority will be reported to Head-quarters. 
 
 II. Guard-mounting, conducted as far as possible according to regula 
 tions, will be at half past seven o clock, A. M. 
 
 There will be two police guards of a company, each stationed at the 
 east entrance of the wings of the Capitol. During the tour of duty, the 
 members of the guard not on post as sentinels, or absent for some neces 
 sary purpose and with the permission of the officer of the guard, will 
 remain in or near the guard-room. They will not remove their equip 
 ments, but hold themselves ready at all times, night or day, to take their 
 arms instantly. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 135 
 
 An officer of the day will be detailed from the field officers or from 
 the senior captains, when there are not enough of the former to afford 
 sufficient relief. 
 
 Lieutenant Collins, Topographical Engineers, will turn off the 
 guard. 
 
 III. Police call will be sounded immediately after reveille, and half 
 an hour before retreat. 
 
 Commanders of regiments and companies will see that the quarters 
 occupied by their men are thoroughly cleaned at the times above named. 
 In addition to this, a detail, to consist of the guard of the day before, 
 will be made for the general police of the Capitol, under the general 
 direction of the officer of the day, who will give such directions to the 
 officers of the police as will insure the cleanliness of the halls, passages, 
 &c. of the entire building. Brooms, mops, &c. will be furnished the 
 police, and will be receipted for by the officer of the police. 
 
 IV. Loud talking, whistling, singing, scuffling, or running will not be 
 permitted within the building. 
 
 At tattoo, all must retire to their quarters ; and at taps, which will be 
 at a quarter of an hour after tattoo, the gas must be lowered in all the 
 quarters and halls, and quiet must prevail throughout the building. 
 
 Those oi -lie District of Columbia Volunteers allowed to work during 
 the day will not be required to attend " retreat," but must be present at 
 " tattoo." Those other than the District of Columbia Militia who are 
 allowed to mess outside of the building will be marched to and from 
 meals. The officer in charge will be responsible for them during their 
 absence, that they remain away not more than a reasonable time for 
 their meals, and that they are quiet and orderly. 
 
 Passes in writing may be given by commanders of companies to their 
 men, a few at a time, to be absent when not on duty, between reveille 
 and retreat ; and in very special cases, when countersigned by the com 
 manders of regiments, they may be extended to tattoo. These passes 
 must be exhibited to the guards. 
 
 No civilian not belonging to the Capitol will be allowed within it or 
 within the grounds without a written pass from Head-quarters, unless he- 
 be on a visit to one of the regimental commanders within the building. In 
 the latter case he will be conducted to such commander by one of the 
 guard. Officers in uniform will be allowed to pass freely. Hucksters 
 and newsboys will be allowed a place near the entrance to the grounds, 
 which they must not go beyond. 
 
 So far as neatness or soldierly decorum went, there was 
 never, of course, any complaint found with the Seventh 
 
136 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 during the time it did duty at the Capitol. For the rest, 
 Colonel Lefferts s Order No. 1 gives a clew to the routine 
 of daily work, privilege, and restraint. This is the 
 order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT N. Y. S. M., 
 CAPITOL, WASHINGTON, D. C., April 28, 1861. 
 
 STANDING ORDER No. 1. 
 
 For the government of the regiment so long as quartered in the 
 Capitol, this order will be enforced. 
 
 Commandants of companies may give an order to pass the guard any 
 time between reveille and six o clock, p. M., after which hour the pass 
 must be countersigned by a field officer. Such leave of absence will not 
 extend beyond two hours, without express permission from the com 
 mandant, and not exceeding ten men from each company absent at one 
 time. 
 
 The men must be marched to their meals by companies, in charge of 
 a commissioned officer, the files counted before leaving quarters, and 
 verified on return of the company. Those absenting themselves with 
 out permission must be reported at Head-quarters. Companies will be 
 allowed one hour and a quarter for meals, except those which go to Wil- 
 lard s Hotel ; they will be allowed one hour and a half. 
 
 A guard of one file from each company, under a commissioned officer, 
 will be detailed each twelve hours (irrespective of the regular police 
 guard of the building), and posted to control the various passages to 
 our quarters, and no persons excepting members of the regiment allowed 
 to enter without a pass from a field officer. 
 
 Commandants are particularly instructed to see their men collect 
 their accoutrements and muskets, and so arrange them that they can be 
 used upon immediate call, without confusion. 
 
 There will be morning drills and afternoon parades, to be specified in 
 daily orders. 
 
 The recruits of each company must be drilled morning and afternoon 
 by one of their company officers, and when in fit condition will &e ad 
 mitted to the ranks. 
 
 The commandant is disposed to allow the largest liberty of action to 
 the men consistent with duty and discipline, but all orders will be rigidly 
 enforced, and delinquents punished. 
 
 All orders will be posted upon the wall behind the Speaker s desk, in 
 the Hall of Representatives, to which reference must be made. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Commanding. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 137 
 
 From the necessity of the case, meals were taken at the 
 Washington hotels. The companies marched punctually, 
 and with precision, thrice a day for this purpose, and thus 
 became aware of the presence of brother-soldiers who had 
 now come to reinforce them from all parts of the North. 
 The Washington people invariably greeted these appear 
 ances with enthusiasm.* 
 
 Thus, in fine quarters, with hotel fare and an easy rou 
 tine of duties, the regiment passed its time with pleasure. 
 Each morning, after the "baths and basins" so much 
 prized, after the squad drill for recruits, and the breakfast, 
 u all turn out to witness guard-mounting, and to listen to 
 the splendid music of the band ; and, having secured avail 
 able positions, quietly smoke their pipes, and criticise the 
 movements of the old guard and the new. At nine o clock 
 a company drill completes the military duties of the morn 
 ing. Passes to visit the town are now in great demand. 
 They who do not seek or obtain them sleep upon the sofas, 
 or dream in the shade of the fine trees of Capitol Square, 
 or occupy Congressional chairs, and write long epistles to 
 friends at home," which last item was so important, that it 
 seems Mr. Van Wyck and two other Congressmen were 
 kept busy all day franking. Afternoon drill and evening 
 parade must come in to fill up the picture. Theodore 
 Winthrop writes : 
 
 " All our life in the Capitol was most dramatic and sensational. 
 Before it was fairly light in the dim interior of the Representatives 
 
 * A letter-writer says : " Washington, since Ave arrived here, has become a dif 
 ferent place, and people think that the Secessionists in this city will soon be 
 played out, as the boys say. Our appearance has inspired the people with 
 military ardor. Companies of Union volunteers are being organized, the stars and 
 stripes wave in every direction. The city has a very martial appearance. The 
 people here think that we are immortal, and nothing is too good for us. When we 
 march to a hotel for our meals, which is three times a day, in fatigue dress, body- 
 belts only, and no muskets, the streets, for the mile we march, are crowded with 
 
 men, women, and children, cheering and waving handkerchiefs I occupy 
 
 the Honorable John A. Stevens s seat, and my colleague is the Honorable Charley 
 Howe. We sleep in the chairs, and put our knapsacks under the desk. There is 
 the roll to fall in." 
 
138 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Chamber, the reveilles of the different regiments came rattling through 
 the corridors. Every snorer s trumpet suddenly paused. The impress 
 ive sound of the hushed breathing of a thousand sleepers, marking off 
 the fleet moments of the night, gave way to a most vociferous uproar. 
 The boy element is large in the Seventh Regiment. Its slang dictionary 
 is peculiar and unabridged. As soon as we woke, the pit began to chaff the 
 galleries, and the galleries the pit. We joked, we shouted, we sang, we 
 mounted the Speaker s desk and made speeches, always to the point ; for 
 if any but a wit ventured to give tongue, he was coughed down without 
 ceremony. With all our jollity we preserved very tolerable decorum. The 
 regiment is assez bicn compose. Many of its privates are distinctly gentle 
 men of breeding and character. The tone is mainly good, and. the esprit 
 de corps high. If the Colonel should say, Up, boys, and at em ! I know 
 that the Seventh would do brilliantly in the field. I speak now of its 
 behavior in-doors. This certainly did it credit. Our thousand did the 
 Capitol little harm that a corporal s guard of Biddies, with mops and 
 tubs, could not repair in a forenoon s campaign. What crypts and dens, 
 caves and cellars, there are under that great structure ! And barrels of 
 flour in every one of them this month of May, 1861. It was infinitely 
 picturesque in these dim vaults by night. Sentries were posted at every 
 turn. Their guns gleamed in the gaslight. Sleepers were lying in their 
 blankets wherever the stones were softest. Then in the guard-room the 
 guard were waiting their turn." 
 
 Reinforcements soon reached the regiment to the number 
 of one hundred and seventy-five men, under command of 
 Captain Viele. They consisted of members of the regi 
 ment who from sickness, absence, or other cause, did not 
 make the " pioneer march " the week before, together with 
 recruits. It will be remembered that, immediately on ar 
 riving in Philadelphia, and finding the direct road blocked 
 to Washington, Colonel Lefferts telegraphed in cipher to 
 Mr. W. H. Allen of New York : " We cannot go by way 
 of Baltimore. Will go to Annapolis. Require a good 
 vessel and provisions to be sent there immediately. Go with 
 this to William H. Aspinwall and General Sandford." 
 A similar request was sent by Colonel Lefferts, as we 
 have also seen, to General Sandford, from on board the 
 steamer Boston at Annapolis. Although there was doubt 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 139 
 
 about the position of the regiment, its friends promptly 
 chartered a vessel and filled it with supplies.* Recruits 
 
 * The following letters relating to this matter will be read with interest: 
 
 
 
 I. 
 
 NEW YORK, April 22, 1861. 
 
 DEAR COLONEL, Since the reception of your telegram on Saturday, 2 p. M., 
 to Mr. Allen, saying, " Require a good vessel and provisions there" (Annapolis), 
 General Sandford construed your telegram to mean thus : " We are bound to An 
 napolis, and doubtless will require a good vessel and provisions to go there." When 
 your second despatch came, saying " We have chartered the Boston, and try to go 
 to Washington," General Sandford said, u This is an evident countermand of the 
 first telegram." I do not understand it so. Your brother, Mr. Allen, has, like me, 
 felt very worried, and this morning (Saturday afternoon nothing could be done, 
 the stores being all closed) I went to see Colonel Hincken. He agreed with me 
 
 that you wanted provisions and a vessel From the Quartermaster s I went 
 
 to the Chamber of Commerce, where a committee happened to be in session. I 
 showed them your despatch, and they all agreed it meant you wanted a boat and 
 provisions at Annapolis, and gave me a check for $ 2,500 towards the cause. We 
 are in darkness here, the wires north of Washington being all down since Satur 
 day. We are intensely anxious about you 
 
 Respectfully, A. KEMP, Paymaster. 
 
 II. 
 
 NEW YORK, April 25, 1861. 
 
 DEAR SIR, Your letter per special messenger reached me at the house at half 
 past four this morning. Your first necessity seems to be for provisions. I am happy 
 to say that the steamer Daylight left here at two o clock yesterday afternoon with 
 ample supplies (for a time at least) for the special use of the regiment. She 
 should be at Annapolis by to-morrow morning, when, if not resisted on the way, 
 you will doubtless be in Washington. But I suppose when troops have once 
 passed over the road, arrangements will be made for holding it, and the stores can 
 be forwarded with little delay. Mr. Kemp has worked in this matter most ener 
 getically, and taken responsibilities upon himself to any extent required. We 
 feel convinced, however, that the supplies must have reached you shortly after 
 
 date of your despatch Just as the Daylight was ready to sail yesterday, 
 
 an aid of General Sandford came down to order her to haul out in the stream and 
 wait until the Parkersburg could accompany her, a delay of some hours at least. 
 Mr. Kemp returned his compliments to the General, saying he meant no disrespect, 
 that this was a private affair, every hour counted, that he took the responsibility, 
 and the steamer should sail in twenty minutes; and she did sail in twenty min 
 utes The Daylight also took out about one hundred and seventy-five re 
 cruits for the regiment You can imagine the intense anxiety for news, 
 
 about the safety and whereabouts of the Seventh particularly. We have about 
 two dozen false rumors to one authentic one. One of the worst was on Saturday 
 last, to the effect that there had b een a fight somewhere (a very loose despatch), 
 and fifty to one hundred were killed. 
 
 Yours truly, WM. H. ALLEN. 
 
140 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and reinforcements were only too abundant. Eighteen 
 members sailed with the Eighth Regiment, and on the 
 morning of the 24th the main detachment, one hundred 
 and seventy-five strong, well armed and equipped, under 
 command of Captain Viele, was drawn up in the armory, 
 and marched with three days rations and twenty rounds of 
 ammunition per man. Opportunity being given by Captain 
 Viele for any one to withdraw who felt incompetent to per 
 form the most arduous service, no foot stirred, and the 
 throng of spectators applauded. Their line of march was 
 crowded, and the old scenes of the waving of flags and 
 hats and handkerchiefs, the cheers, the multitude of vol 
 unteer escorts, and the dense crowds on the wharf, were 
 repeated. At half past two, P. M., the little propeller Day 
 light started from her dock with these reinforcements. 
 She carried also about six hundred barrels of preserved 
 meats, bread, vegetables, and stoves and supplies of all 
 kinds for the regiment, the donations of kinsmen, friends, 
 and countrymen, who had chartered the vessel, and now 
 despatched it to the Seventh at Washington. The jour 
 ney was performed without remarkable incident, and at 
 6, p. M., of the 27th, the detachment arrived at Washing 
 ton and reported. The Daylight then went to Annapolis 
 for the baggage and camp and garrison equipage. 
 
 The Daylight was the first unarmed vessel from the Nor.th 
 to run the risk of the batteries which, it was reported, the 
 Secessionists were preparing along the Potomac. The 
 Union Defence Committee of New York, alluding to this 
 achievement in their Report of June 29, 1861, says : " A 
 detachment of two hundred men of this (Seventh) regi 
 ment, led by Captain E. C. Viele of Colonel LefTerts s staff, 
 was the first military body which opened the passage and 
 passed to the city of Washington by the Potomac River. 
 Much credit was justly accorded to that officer for the 
 skill, spirit, and perseverance evinced by him." On the 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 141 
 
 30th of April, accordingly, the regiment was assembled 
 for evening parade at half past four o clock, P. M., and 
 the detachments which had reported for duty since the 
 previous muster were, at five o clock, mustered into the 
 service of the United States, and their names were added 
 to the muster-roll. 
 
 I append now, therefore, the whole roll of the regiment 
 for the campaign of 1861, adding, for the sake of con 
 venience, the subsequent musters of April 30th and May 
 14th to the rolls of the 26th of April. While in most cases 
 the appearance of names at either of the two later dates in 
 dicates reporting to the regiment after the preceding mus 
 ter, it does not in all cases, sickness or absence on duty 
 operating, in some instances, to postpone the muster in. 
 All those members or recruits who joined it on or after the 
 1st of May were mustered under the date of the 14th. 
 
 MUSTER-IN ROLL 
 
 SEVENTH REGIMENT (NATIONAL GUARD) N. Y. S. M. 
 
 Called into the service of the United States by the President thereof, from 
 the nineteenth day of April, 1861, for the term of thirty days, unless sooner 
 discharged. Mustered in at Washington, on the twenty-sixth day of April, 
 1861, by Major Irvin McDowell, U. S. A. 
 
 Colonel 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFEKTS. 
 l * Lieutenant- Colonel.* Major. 
 
 ALEXA-NDEK SHALER. 
 Staff. 
 
 J. H. Liebenau, Adjutant. 
 
 Egbert L. Viele ,t Capt. of Engineers. Timothy M. Cheeseman. Surgeon. 
 Locke W. Winchester, Quartermaster. John C. Dalton, Surgeon s Mate. 
 
 * Lieutenant Colonel W. A. Pond, an able and accomplished officer, was pre 
 vented by sickness from marching with the regiment, and from the same cause was 
 forced, soon after its return, to resign, to the great regret of his brother officers. 
 
 t Mustered, April 30, with the Daylight detachment, as elsewhere recorded. 
 
142 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Sullivan H. "Weston, Chaplain. John A. Baker, Ordnance Officer. 
 
 Meredith Rowland, Asst. Paymaster. George W. Brainerd,^4ss. Quartermaster. 
 William Patten, Commissary. Charles J. McClenachan, Military Secy. 
 
 Non-commissioned Staff". 
 
 Robert C. Rathbone, Sergt. Major. 
 John H. Draper, Ordnance Sergt. 
 Simon C. Scott, Color-Bearer. 
 Thomas H. Pierce, " 
 L. L. S. Clearman, Com. Sergt. 
 
 Oscar Ryder, R. G. Guide. 
 James J. Morrison, L. G. Guide. 
 Isaac W. Dean, Sergt. Guard. 
 Robert M. Weed,* Quartermaster Sergt. 
 
 Band. 
 
 Graham, David, Drum Major. 
 Graffula, Claudius, Band Master. 
 Common, George, Sergeant. 
 Barrett B. George, Corporal. 
 Anderson, John. 
 Bader, Frederick. 
 Bader, Henry. 
 Capper, Carlo. 
 Connor, Henry. 
 Curley, Thomas. 
 Dubuy, Oliver. 
 Ferrier, Charles. 
 Fohs, Joseph. 
 Fohs, Peter. 
 Frieberg, Frederick. 
 Fritze, Edward. 
 Gebhart, William. 
 Gessner, Joseph. 
 
 Haas, Frederick. 
 Kendall, George. 
 Koswick, William. 
 Lindner, Carl. 
 Origbi, Joseph. 
 Plass, Carl. 
 Quintana, Luciano. 
 Rum pier, Adelbert. 
 Salomons, Mitchell. 
 Spendler, Otto. 
 Spraidler, Henry. 
 Strobe, Henry. 
 Strobe, John. 
 Tette, Louis. 
 Underbill, John. 
 Werring, John. 
 Worm, Louis. 
 
 FIRST COMPANY (A). 
 
 Captain (see below). 
 \st Lieutenant, C. H. Meday. 2d Lieutenant, J. L. Harway. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Hume, W. H. 
 Robe, H. C. 
 Bogert, P. I. 
 Funston, H. M. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Wilson, C. S. 
 Kitchen, G. H. 
 Pierce, F. 0. 
 
 Drummers. 
 Roland, James. S tatter, John. 
 
 * Reported for duty, May 21. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 143 
 
 Allen, J. H. 
 Archer, A. J. 
 Aston, F. S. 
 Barr, S. E. 
 Belknap, Augustus. 
 Bensel, J. Warner. 
 Bogert, Henry. 
 Boyce, G. W. G. 
 Brinckerhoff, W. E. 
 Brown, W. H. 
 Buchanan, D. D. 
 Cable, John H. 
 Clark, Nathan. 
 Cook, G. T. 
 Cooper, T. W. 
 Cooper, W. H. 
 Davidge, R. C. 
 Davis, B. F. 
 Denslow, W. J. W. 
 Dieffendorff, C. P. 
 Digges, T. M. 
 Donaldson, W, J. 
 Evans, R. D. 
 Grout, T. J. 
 Hamilton, Robert. 
 Hart, F. H. 
 Hart, 0. H. 
 Haslasher, George. 
 Hays, D. L. 
 Heubeser, C. E. 
 Hewlett, A. C. 
 Howe, C. H. 
 Hyde, E. J. 
 Imuren, J. H., Jr. 
 Kingsland, D. C. 
 Kirkland, T. S. 
 LeFort, George. 
 Leggett, S. 
 
 Sheppard, J. K. 
 
 Apellas, Frederick. 
 Bang, Fred. J. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Lindeman, H. 
 Mcllvaine, F. E. 
 McKervan, J. P. 
 Merkle, Augustus. 
 Meday, G. K. 
 Miller, J. H. 
 Mott, J. W. 
 Murray, James. 
 Orpen, C. N. 
 Patterson, Duke. 
 Perry, D. A. 
 Rawson, E. B. 
 Reynolds, C. L. 
 Saunders, George F. 
 Seaver, T. A. 
 Shields, W. H. 
 Sibell, J. W. 
 Simonson, J. H. 
 Slocomb, F. D. 
 Smith, F. A. 
 Snyder, Edward L. 
 Spelman, W. B. 
 Spofford, C. H. 
 Stagg, H. P. 
 Sumner, A. C. 
 Thwait, S. C. 
 Todd, R. S. 
 Trenor, E. 
 Trenor, H. H. 
 Trenor, J. J. 
 Trenor, J. W. 
 Trenor, T. F. 
 Welcker, John. 
 Wilbur, E. R. 
 Van Ness, George. 
 Villiers, Thomas. 
 Waldron, R. S. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1869. 
 Corporals. 
 
 Davidson, William. 
 Privates. 
 
 Banomin, Charles. 
 Barnum, Henry C. 
 
144 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Briggs, Charles A. Kurz, William. 
 
 Clark, John R. Muarquaretz, Charles. 
 
 Cowperthwaite, F. H. Rogers, Joel L. 
 
 Darling, John E. Sharp, William A. 
 
 Eckel, Edward H. Spring, Edward A. 
 
 Forbes, Edward. Steinway, Albert. 
 
 Gompertz, G. S. Swartz, John H. 
 
 Griffith, Wm. N. Villiplait, Alfred B. 
 
 Hurnd, G. W. Villiplait, D Hulesse. 
 
 Kahler, Frank. Wheeler, W. P. 
 
 Kelley, Joseph G. Yort, Henry. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 186^. f 
 Captain, W. P. BEXSEL. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bell, S. M. Plass, R. H. 
 
 Clough, Henry. Ring, G. W. 
 
 Ellis, Henry. Tugman, C. A. 
 
 Humphreys, W. S. Wetmore, Aug. J. 
 
 Lober, J. H. Whitman, Fred. 
 
 Lyon, C. H. 
 
 i 
 
 SECOND COMPANY (B). 
 
 Captain, EMMONS CLARK. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Noah L. Farnham. 2d Lieutenant, Edward Bernard. 
 
 Serqeants. Corporals. 
 
 Palmer, Peter ( Orderly}. Ware, Richard F. 
 
 Dyer, Henry B. Fonda, Richard D. 
 
 Macfarland, Joseph E. Bernard, George A. 
 
 Miller, David. Janes, Charles H. 
 Van Norden, Charles S. 
 
 Drummer, Norwood, Richard. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Alden, Henry H. Booth, Orrin F. 
 
 Alden, James M. Bristow, Henry. 
 
 Allison, Richard. Brower, Bloomfield. 
 
 Allison, William G. Buchan, Robert C. 
 
 Amerman, Jacob B. Bucken, William T. 
 
 Baker, Edgar. Burnett, Gilbert J. 
 
 Bedford, Evert E. Burtis, A. M. 
 
 Bird, John H. Chapman, William 0. 
 
 Bloomfield, John C. Chase, Amos M., Jr. 
 
 Board man, Daniel F. Codey, Stephen W. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 145 
 
 Codey, William H. 
 Colton, Walter. 
 Com stock, J. J., Jr. 
 Curtis, Albert A. 
 Darling, William Lee. 
 Debenham, George. 
 Du Barre, James. 
 Eadie, William R. 
 Edwards, William. 
 Evans, George M. 
 Eveleth, Henry P., Jr. 
 Farnham, William T. 
 Florence, Sylvester. 
 Garrison, Abraham. 
 Gordon, Henry. 
 Gould, Eobert S., Jr. 
 Gregory, Benjamin. 
 Gregory, Frank. 
 Haddock, W. M. 
 Hall, Oscar. 
 Halsey, Norwood A. 
 Hatfield, Abram, Jr. 
 Hatfield, Robert F. 
 Barter, Frederick A. 
 Havens, Jonathan N. 
 Hayes, Henry. 
 Hill, Charles S. 
 Holder, Thomas W. K. 
 King, James S. 
 Lane, Henry R. 
 Lawrence, John. 
 Kelty, Eugene. 
 Leonard, Robert W. 
 Mather, S. Talmadge. 
 Mather, Thomas D. 
 McDonald, Wm. A. 
 McGuire, Charles H. 
 McKinley, Robert. 
 McManus, Edward. 
 Miller, James W. 
 Miller, Levi. 
 Mix, Eugene. 
 Mix, James B. 
 Mix, William H. 
 Molineux, Edward L. 
 10 
 
 Nodine, William. 
 Oakey, John. 
 Overton, Charles P. 
 Phalon, Henry L. 
 Phipps, Gurdon S. 
 Peixotto, Moses L. M. 
 Porter, Henry M. 
 Postley, De Van. 
 Powell, James W. 
 Putnam, Glenn. 
 Quilliard, Gulian V. 
 Roome, James W. 
 Roome, John. 
 Russell, James F. 
 Salisbury, Richard L. 
 Savage, Henry F. 
 Scoville, William H. 
 See, William B. 
 Selover, George W. 
 Smith, Granville B. 
 Smith, James A. 
 Sterling, Charles K. 
 Stevenson, John. 
 Struthers, Stephen R 
 Tay, Charles H. 
 Taylor, Archibald. 
 Taylor, John H. 
 Thayer, Lucius M. 
 Tuttle, David H. 
 Tybring, George F. E. 
 Vanderbilt, Isaac S. 
 Vandewater, John W. 
 Vanduzer, William A. 
 Ward, Egbert. 
 Ward, Rodney C. 
 Way, David T. 
 Webster, Edward B. 
 Weir, Julian V. 
 Whitfield, Edwin. 
 Wight, George J. L. 
 Williams, Edgar. 
 Williams, Reginald H. 
 Williamson, John, Jr. 
 Wilson, James. 
 
146 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Agens, P. G. Morrison, F. S., Jr. 
 
 Backus, F. Nichols, L. 
 
 Beard sley, De Witt. Perkins, H. H. 
 
 Cohen, H. Phyfe, W. S. 
 
 Cooley, J. C. Rusher, C. J. 
 
 Dudley, Lewis G. Shelley, Charles C. 
 
 Findlay, A. Sturgis, Edward. 
 
 Foster, Frederick. Torrey, James. 
 
 Halsey, H. P. Vandervoort, J. V. W. 
 
 Hatfield, Townsend L. Vroom, A. F. 
 
 Healy, H. G. Weir, J. F. 
 Milu, D. L. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Ames, James B., Jr. Jones, M. L. 
 
 Bulkley, George L. Moulton, Sylvester T. 
 
 Burtis, W. A., Jr. Smith, George M. 
 
 Gittens, John K., Jr. Sniffen, Francis A. 
 
 Gregory, Henry S. Stratton, E. W. 
 
 THIRD COMPANY (C). 
 
 Captain, JAMES PRICE. 
 1st Lieutenant, John Wick stead, Jr. 2d Lieutenant, George T. Haws. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Murray, John W. (Orderly). Tracy, George Douglass. 
 
 Stephens, Theo. B. Baily, Wm. P. 
 
 Leggett, Richard L. Crane, Cyrus R. 
 
 Fitzgerald, Louis. Clinton, De Witt. 
 Dore, Joseph. 
 
 Drummer, Van Raden, Augustus. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Abbott, Charles A. Butler, Geo. B., Jr. 
 
 Allen, Henry. Chapman, Joseph H. 
 
 Bacon, George. Chesebrough, Robt. A. 
 
 Banks, Joseph E. Chesebrough, Wm. H. 
 
 Barker, Charles, Jr. Clinton, Chas. W. 
 
 Barrett, John. Collins, Geo. S. 
 
 Bend, Wm. B. Conroy, Thos. L. 
 
 Bogert, Charles L. Conroy, Wm. F. 
 
 Broderick, Wm. E. Cook, Vincent L. 
 
 Burdett, Jacob. Jr. Crane, Lorin P. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 147 
 
 Elliott, Theodore. 
 Ferry, Darius, Jr. 
 Fish, Latham A. 
 Foster, Clinton. 
 Graham, Joseph F. 
 Hale, Wm. D. 
 Hickox, Thomas N. 
 Holt, Edmund O. 
 Hughes, Charles. 
 Hurst, Fred. K. 
 Irving, Thos. R. 
 Kennedy, Charles, 
 Lewis, Curtis. 
 Marshall, Geo. 
 McKibben, Gilbert H. 
 Merle, Chas. F. 
 Milligan, Samuel G. 
 Mott, Henry H. 
 Oakley, Alfred. 
 Oakley, Nelson H. 
 Peterson, Christian G. W. 
 Platt, William C. 
 Pollard, Don Alonzo. 
 Portington, Robert C. 
 Radcliffe, Herman G. 
 
 Reeve, Isaac T. 
 Robinson, William G. 
 Sebert, John. 
 Sexton, Samuel J. M. 
 Simonson, Joseph, Jr. 
 Smith, Alexander M. C. 
 Smith, Eugene B. 
 Spooner, Henry T. 
 St. John, Wm, M. 
 Tremaine, Henry E. 
 Van Houten, Isaac. 
 Van Riper, James. 
 Van Wyck, Wm. E. 
 Warren, James R. 
 Warren, Joseph C. 
 Wellman, Wm. P. 
 White, Oliver G. 
 Whitney, Wm. M. 
 Wicks, George, Jr. 
 Wilson, James W. 
 Wolfe, Hudson G. 
 Wright, David F. 
 Wright, John G. 
 Yard, Wesley S. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Beers, W. H. 
 Benedict, Eugene F. 
 Browne, Charles L. 
 Burton, William C. 
 Clowes, Theodore F. 
 Colgate, Clinton G. 
 Doolittle, James K. 
 Eastman, Wm. H. 
 Gendar, Thomas V. 
 Gulager, Philip D. 
 Hoxie, Wm. E. 
 
 Jordan, Conrad N. 
 Lawrence, George P. 
 Marshall, Alexander. 
 Owens, Charles B. 
 Pollock, William J. 
 Smith, Wm. H. H. 
 Tremaine, Walter R. 
 Tuthill, Samuel B. 
 Verplanck, Wm. A. 
 Watkins, William L. 
 
 Bomford, George N. 
 Bunce, Theo. D. 
 Colline, Wm. S. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Rader, Louis B. 
 Regna, George W. 
 
148 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 FOURTH COMPANY (D). 
 
 Captain, WILLIAM H. RIBLET. 
 1st Lieutenant, William Gurney. 2d Lieutenant, John W. Bogert. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Charles E. Bogert. 
 Robert H. Eddy. 
 Edward R. Younsr. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Peter M. Myers (Orderly). 
 Edward H. Little. 
 Jeremiah V. Meserole. 
 Alfred B. Chapman. 
 Henry Everdell. 
 
 James Farnam. 
 
 Drummer, Henry Eidman. 
 
 Aymore, J. S. 
 Belden, Henry C. 
 Blauvelt, J. Harmon. 
 Bruden, Abner H. 
 Bruden, Charles E. 
 Brundage, Minthorne T. 
 Bunting, Robert S. 
 Burns, Thomas. 
 Canfield, Jesse W. 
 Carpenter, Silas S. 
 Carter, Herman G. 
 Chesebrough, State. 
 Crary, Charles H. 
 Crocker, George A. 
 Cust, Stephen B. 
 Daugherty, Horace F. 
 Davenport, Charles F. 
 Diekerson. George A. 
 Earle, Edward. 
 Everdell, Francis. 
 Ewen, Austen D. 
 Ewen, Edward D. 
 Ewen, Norman 
 Fairbanks, Charles M. 
 Fay, Logan. 
 Ferry, Edwin N. 
 Fielding, William T. 
 Fiske, William E. 
 Gaston, William. 
 Gautier, Samuel. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Hall, Henry M. 
 Halsted, Robert. 
 Harrison, Edmund A. 
 Haywood, Melville. 
 Hennessey, John F., Jr. 
 Hickox, Charles R. 
 Hollingshead, William M. 
 Holly, Henry S. 
 Honeywell, Charles R. 
 Huntington, Chas. P. 
 Husted, Theodore I. 
 Hyde, Melancthon W. 
 Jarvis, John. 
 Karr, Frank D. 
 Kipp, William H. 
 Lambert, William. 
 Lawrence, Edward L. 
 Lawrence, George A. 
 Lefferts, John C.* 
 Little, John L. 
 Mallon, James E. 
 Manning, Geo. F. 
 Marshall, Alexander S. 
 Miller, William M. 
 Mills-, James. 
 Moies, John E. 
 Morse, L. W. 
 Nichols, William L. 
 Nugent, Henry, 
 Olssen, Edward J. 
 
 * On detail duty at Annapolis till after musters. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 149 
 
 Osborne, Elisha K. Smith, William H. 
 
 Outcalt, Cornelius B. Snodgrass, Archibald A. 
 
 Peacock, Thomas R. Spaulding, Zeph. S. 
 
 Bidden, John C. Starr, Samuel H. 
 
 Sanford, Geo. H. Steele, William S. 
 
 Sangster, George. Swords, Charles H. 
 
 Smith, Ernest L. Taylor, Joseph D. 
 
 Smith, Frank K. Weyman, Edmund H., Jr. 
 
 Smith, Milton. Wood, William W. 
 
 Smith, Samuel J. Wright, William C. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Aikman, Augustus H. Lefferts, Marshall, Jr. 
 
 Balen, Peter, Jr. Roome, William H. 
 
 Burdick, Charles. Ryan, James E. 
 
 Callamore, Gilman. Sharpe, Samuel C. 
 
 Farmington, Adam. Sinclair, Hyatt. 
 
 Fay, Patrick H. Steele, Peter B. 
 
 Jarvis, Edward A. Woodhouse, Lorenzo G. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Baggs, John W. Merritt, Abraham. 
 
 Dubois, John S. L. Owen, Mortimer B. 
 
 Edwin, William A. Walz, Ernest L. 
 
 FIFTH COMPANY (E). 
 
 Captain, WM. A. SPEAIGHT. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Christopher Corley. 2d Lieutenant, James Gaylor. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Halsted, Wm. P. (Orderly). Seward, Wm. J. 
 
 Sprole, Wm. T. Braisted, Peter D. 
 
 Eckel, Frederick. Wall, William, Jr. 
 
 Earle, Justus D. Barnes, Seth S. 
 Miller, John P. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Baker, Thos. E. Filley, F. C. 
 
 Barrett, Geo. P. Fisher, Philip J. 
 
 Benedict, Chas. A. Fleet, Augustine. 
 
 Bissoll, Geo. W. Foot, Alfred. 
 
 Bogardus, Abraham. Franklin, J. B. 
 
 Brusle, Wm. A. Frothingham, Chas. L. 
 
 Burlew, Henry. Fuller, Benj. F. 
 
 Cowles, Wm. Gardner, Etienne V. 
 
 Eckel, J. Lewis. Genin, Erastus. 
 
150 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Gumbling, Wm. M. Nixon, Charles L. 
 
 Halsted, Elbert K. Pangburn, W. H. 
 
 Hardenberg, Isaiah D. Reed, Robert. 
 
 Harward, Wm. E. Rink, Peter. 
 
 Haynes, Charles O. Romaine, Wm. H. 
 
 Husted, Gilbert M. Sadler, Thomas. 
 
 Hutchings, Edward W. Sargeant, James A. 
 
 Hyde, Albert W. Scott, William A. 
 
 Jauncey, Joseph. Seligman, S. 
 
 Kappner, Ignave G. Silva, John. 
 
 Keefler/Billopp R. Stokeley, Noah B. 
 
 Kellinger, Samuel M. Stuart, Wm. 
 
 Kingsland, Edward A. Sullivan, Timothy J. 
 
 Kingsland, William H. Thomas, George M. 
 
 Lester, David. Timolatt, Hippolytt N. 
 
 Lewis, Geo. T., Jr. Tucker, George. 
 
 Magarr, W. W. Vanderbilt, De Witt C. 
 
 Marten, Benjamin T. Webb, James A. 
 
 McDonald, Joseph. Wood, John Wardell. 
 
 Mezzetti, Geo. Washington. Wyckoff, Albert T. 
 
 Moore, Wm. A. Yeaton, Samuel C. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Benedict, Erastus C. Noe, A. A. 
 
 Bennett, Warren C. Noe, J. Augustus. 
 
 Corrie, Frederick H. Prentiss, Wm. A. 
 
 Hawkins, John U. Price, George A. 
 
 Hawley, Frank E. Stern, Louis. 
 
 Hayden, A. L. Sutherland, James. 
 
 Mapes, Daniel S. Walclron, Frederick E. 
 
 Mitchell, Samuel E. L. Waterbury, W. H. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Banks, S. A. Perkins, Frederick W. 
 
 Berlin, Henry. Reynolds, James E. 
 
 Fox, John W. Richards, Daniel W. 
 
 Gaddis, Theo. F. Rockfeller, Charles M. 
 
 Holbrook, Judson W. Stugers, Edmund N. 
 
 SIXTH COMPANY (F). 
 Captain, BENJAMIN M. NEVERS, JR. 
 1st Lieutenant, Richard F. Halsted. 2e? Lieutenant, Joseph B. Young. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Ford, George W. (Orderly). Brady, Abner S. 
 
 Bartlett, Charles G. Ruggles, James F. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 151 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Freeman, William B. 
 Kemble, Gouverneur, Jr. 
 
 Walke, Charles. 
 
 Drummer, Hugh McCormack. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Annan, Alexander. 
 Bassett, Frederick B. 
 Benkard, James, Jr. 
 Bird, Edward 0. 
 Birmingham, Erskine. 
 Boyden, George. 
 Brinckerhoff, Guidon G. 
 Browing, Geo. Leslie. 
 Brown, Charles E. 
 Brown, Clarence F. 
 Cambreling, Churchill J. 
 Carey, Samuel. 
 Carnes, Louis M. 
 Chadwick, Philip R. 
 Clarksen, Floyd. 
 Cogswell, Andrew K. 
 Comstock, George S. 
 Congdon, Henry M. 
 Congdon, Walter. 
 Cooper, Poinsett. 
 Cowdrey, Edward A. 
 Cowdrey, Frank H. 
 Cozzens, Edward. 
 Cutting, James D. W. 
 Cuvillier, Louis L. 
 Dick, William B. 
 Dock, Ritner. 
 Douglas, Archibald. 
 Duryee, Jacob. 
 Ebaugh, Theo. O. 
 Elsworth, Arthur M. 
 Erving, John. 
 Falls, DeWitt C. 
 Ferris, Garwood C. 
 Foster, John A. 
 Foster, John E. 
 French, John W. 
 Frost, William C. 
 Gardner, Charles C. 
 
 Halsted, Edward L. 
 Hawes, J. H. Hobart. 
 Jaudon, Peyton. 
 Jenkins, Elisha J. 
 Kimball, Charles A. 
 King, Rufus. 
 Lamb, Anthony J. 
 Laraque, Edward. 
 Lawrence, Samuel B. 
 Marrinner, David. 
 McLaren, John J. 
 McLaren, Jos. 
 Middlebrook, George L. 
 Miller, Lindley H. 
 Palmer, Geo. 
 Rankin, Samuel H. L. 
 Raymond, James P. 
 Robbins, Samuel H. 
 Rowe, Thomas P. 
 Ryder, Mitchell. 
 Schuyler, Philip, Jr. 
 Shaw, Robert G. 
 Sheldon, Alexander E. 
 Smedbury, Charles G. 
 Still, H. A. 
 Stoutenburgh, W. A. 
 Sturgi?, Edward C. 
 Sutton, Charles T. 
 Taylor, Henry. 
 Teer, Henry T. 
 Thomas, Charles W. 
 Thomas, George F. 
 Thorpe, Gould H. 
 Tirripson, John W. 
 Tomes, Charles H. 
 Tucker, Fang. C. 
 Ulshoeffer, W. Gracci. 
 Van Benschoten, Edward W. 
 Vance, William H. 
 
152 HIST OK Y OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Van Duzcr, Charles F. West, Edward W. 
 
 Vermilye, Washn. E., Jr. Weston, Roswell. 
 
 Vernon, George R. Whiting, William T. 
 
 Walduck, David M. Wilson, George W. 
 
 Watts, George B. Winston, F. M. 
 
 Weely, James. Winthrop, William W. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Bartow, Wm. J. Roome, William P. 
 
 Coggeshall, George H. Ryckman, John W. 
 
 Ford, Charles E. Shaw, William G. 
 
 Harrison, Francis. Wheeler, F. A. 
 
 Hayes, James E. White, George H. 
 
 Lawrence, W. Hudson. Young, George W. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Sergeant, Catlin W. W. Stuyvesant. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Arnold, Henry. Tracy, Frederick A. T. 
 
 Bissell, Aug. H. Tracy, William W. 
 
 Edgar, Geo. P. Stillwell, Richard H. 
 
 Erhardt, Joel B. Wood, W. Stanard. 
 
 SEVENTH COMPANY (G). 
 
 Captain (see below). 
 
 1st Lieutenant, John D. Mori arty. 
 
 Sergeants, Corporals. 
 
 Winans, Chas. N. (Orderly). Bidwell, H. S. 
 
 Henry, E. S. Delano, T. E. 
 
 Cameron, John L. Bowerman, R. N. 
 
 Hobbs, Charles, Jr. Coper, John J. 
 
 Ely, George W. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Alcoke, R. S. Callender, W. E. 
 
 Annable, T. H. Chatfield, H. S. 
 
 Barker, L. E. Collins, W. N". 
 
 Barnett, John L. Cortelyou, J. H. 
 
 Beech, C. J. Crane, E. S. 
 
 Bennett, A. C. W. Crary, B. N. 
 
 Bennett, C. F. De La Mater, Charles H. 
 
 Bogert, A. S. Delano, Jesse. 
 
 Bootman, R. W. Donaldson, E. 
 
 Britton, A. N. Dunscomb, J. H. 
 
 Britton, E. Easton, B.C. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 153 
 
 Fitch, George R. Pinckney, F. H. 
 
 Fowler, D. H. Pomroy, E. H. 
 
 Geisse, W. F. Pontin, H. C. 
 
 Gibson, W. H. Putnam, E. T. 
 
 Gibson, R. O. Risily, L. S. 
 
 Hall, Charles. Robinson, J. J. 
 
 Hathaway, T. E. Sherman, S. J. 
 
 Holderge, D. M. Shortland, Thomas. 
 
 Holmes, G. F., Jr. Skilleen, G. W. 
 
 Howell, A. J. Smith, R. B. 
 
 Hughes, J. B. Steers, F. J. 
 
 Ingersoll, J. H. Stewart, R. K. 
 
 Klanbey, A. St. John, W. 
 
 Lauderback, D., Jr. Tallman, Geo. N. 
 
 Law, R. H. Thompson, S. W. 
 
 Lent, L. H. Tiffany, Lyman. 
 
 Matthews, H. E. Trotter, F. E. 
 
 McKesson, J., Jr. Turnbull, G. P. 
 
 Montange, W. H. Turner, W. M. 
 
 Moon, W. S., Jr. Van Ness, E. 
 
 Moore, Geo. G. Vandenvird, H. 
 
 O Brien, Fitz James. Vidal, T. C. 
 
 Oliver, Richard. Wheelwright, W. G. 
 
 Palmer, J. H. Williamson, C. 
 
 Phipps, John M. Winters, H. J. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 Captain, JOHN MONROE. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Avery, John, Jr. Reddy, James I. 
 
 Chevalier, George. Schermerhorn, Louis. 
 
 Coyne, John H. Schermerhorn, Wm. H. 
 
 Eddy, Edward, Jr, Schram, James. 
 
 Hayden, James. Shaffer, N. D. 
 
 Lent, William H. Spencer, William P. 
 
 Maury, Geo. A. Steers, A. 
 
 McDonough, Lewis. Stone, William H. 
 
 McJimsey, Eugene. Talmadge, G. Clinton. 
 
 Oldershaw, John. Tiffany, Henry D. 
 
 Oliver, Frank W. Thorp, Richard A. 
 
 Olmstead, Wm. N. Van Loan, Benj. F. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Anderson, Smith W. Howe, Oscar. 
 
 Clegg, Walter O. Hutchins, Robert A. 
 
 Hartwell Charles. Tufts, Wm. Fuller. 
 
154 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 EIGHTH COMPANY (H). 
 Captain, HENRY C. SHUMWAY. 
 1st Lieutenant, Chas. B. Bostwick. 2d Lieutenant, Chas. B. Babcock. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Spurr, John (Orderly). 
 Sears, Samuel W. 
 Kittle, Edward C, 
 Green, Henry D. 
 Burger, Wm. L. M. 
 
 Hackenfort, Jerry. 
 
 Abrams, James. 
 Allen, Charles D. 
 Allen, William B. 
 Austen, David E. 
 Baker, John M. 
 Barbey, Adolphus H. 
 Bassett, William H. 
 Bearnes, Joseph H. 
 Beaumont, Charles L. 
 Beecher, Henry C. 
 Brooks, George W. 
 Brown, Edward S. 
 Brown, William H. 
 Brownell, Silas B. 
 Burdett, George F. 
 Burkhalter, John H. 
 Burkhalter, Stephen, Jr. 
 Burrage, Robert P. 
 Casey, James S. 
 Cozzens, Thos. N. 
 Coles, William H., Jr. 
 Denison, Lyman. 
 Eager, Peter. 
 Easton, Alfred H. 
 Field, Robert M., Jr. 
 Field, Samuel B. 
 Ford, Robert O. N. 
 Foster, Samuel L, 
 Gouge, Edward II. 
 Grant, Frank H. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Hidenberg, Gould B. 
 Mears, Charles E. 
 Loder, Benjamin, Jr. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Susdorf, Charles Fred k. 
 
 Grant, James B. 
 Hall, Robert L. S. 
 Herrick, Elias J. 
 Hertzel, George W. 
 Hillman, John S. 
 Howell, William P. 
 Hubbell, Henry W., Jr. 
 Hull, John H." 
 Johnson, Ebenezer R. 
 Lamb, Joseph. 
 Lane, I. Remsen. 
 Leveridge, Albert D. W. 
 Lewis, Thompson. 
 Mabee, Foster N. 
 Macy, Theodore E. 
 Marvine, William H. 
 Mather, Dewitt Clinton. 
 McMillan, Alexander. 
 Meeks, Albert V. 
 Moller, William H. 
 Moran, Edward. 
 Morgan, John W. 
 Morrison, James, Jr. 
 Morrison, William A. 
 Muller, Adrian H., Jr. 
 Mtirfey, George W. 
 Murfey, John H. 
 Neilson, Edward N. 
 Newville, C larence M. 
 Owen, William H., Jr. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 155 
 
 Parraelee, Lewis C. 
 Feet, Frederick T., Jr. 
 Phillips, Henry J. 
 Polhamus, Henry A. 
 Pomeroy, George H. 
 Robinson, James E. 
 Rogers, Edmund P. 
 Rollinson, Samuel 0. 
 Ryder, Alfred V. 
 Smith, Edwin A. 
 
 Arms, Charles E. 
 Arrowsmith, Gilbert L. 
 Blake, Clarence A. 
 Buckley, William W. 
 Davidson, Albert. 
 Flagg, Montague. 
 Gansvoort, H. S. 
 Gifford, Sanford R. 
 Green, Frank W. 
 Half, Edward P. 
 Hansman, Charles H. 
 Hastings, Eastburn. 
 Hay, Sidney. 
 Jandon, Frank. 
 Jung, Charles T. 
 Keese, J. Larry. 
 
 Baker, James T. 
 Cargill, Frank. 
 Champion, Charles S. 
 Crochett, John A. 
 Daskam, James W. 
 Ellis, William J. 
 Farrell, William R. 
 Grant, T C. 
 Harris, James D. 
 Holden, Edward B. 
 Hollister, Henry H. 
 Hurlburt, William H. 
 
 Smith, George W. 
 Spear, Adrian. 
 Spear, Percival B. 
 Stephenson, Lewis W. 
 Trowbridge, Joseph A. 
 Williams, George B. 
 Willis, John O. 
 Wood, Alexander. 
 Wood, Thomas H. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Levick, James N. J. 
 Mason, Albert. 
 McKee, Charles. 
 Patterson, Wm. G. 
 Peet, Charles B. 
 Rankin, Benjamin. 
 Reeve, Charles. 
 Rushton, John C. 
 Smith, L. Bayard. 
 Spencer, Pierre F. 
 Talcott, E. N. Kirk. 
 Van Pelt, Samuel K. 
 Webber, John T. 
 Welch, Edward A. 
 Whitehouse, Edward U. 
 Wilson, Henry S. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Jacobson, William C. 
 Keene, John P. 
 Lapsley, Howard. 
 Mansfield, William D. 
 Moss, Charles D. 
 Murray, G. W. 
 Murray, Henry S. 
 Oley, John H. 
 Pease, Walter D. 
 Pierce, Charles E. 
 Richardson, George P. 
 Rogers, Philip C. 
 
156 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 NINTH COMPANY (I). 
 
 Captain, . 
 
 1st Lieut, (commanding), Henry A. Cragin. 2d Lieut., Charles C. White. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 McBride, Irwin H. (Orderly). Keeler, Edwin, Jr. 
 
 Fuller, Andrew J. Moore, Lawrence, Jr. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Barrie, John. Mingay, Elwood B. 
 
 Bonnell, Henry. O Beirne, James R. 
 
 Childs, Henry A. Osborne, Charles H. 
 
 Concklin, James R. Swezey, Joseph H. S. 
 
 Concklin, John P., Jr. Sweet, Milton B. 
 
 Corey, Robert P. Warren, Charles J. 
 
 Dean, William L. White, Charles D. 
 
 Edgar, Samuel P. White, George W. 
 
 Fitzpatrick, Thomas A. Winthrop, Theodore. 
 
 Mack, Valentine. Van Iderstein, Peter, Jr. 
 
 MacLane, Archibald. Young, David A. 
 Merriman, Elijah R. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 
 Andrews, G. D. Durnnell, G. II. 
 
 Arthur, H. E. Eddy, Clinton. 
 
 Avery, H. N. Ellis, Eranklin. 
 
 Ball, C. J. C. Farmer, George E. 
 
 Barker, Joshua. Fisher, W. H. 
 
 Barney, N. C. Fordred, Drayson. 
 
 Barrett, A. R. Franklin, Daniel R. 
 
 Brainard, L. W., Jr. Giberson, Samuel. 
 
 Bramhall, W. L. Goodrich, L. 0. 
 
 Bugle, Benedict. Graves, E. C. 
 
 Bush, Theodore H. Harmsted, R. M. 
 
 Carman, Richard. Howell, I. R. 
 
 Church, E. D. King, C. E. 
 
 Coan, W. B. Knapp, E. S. 
 
 Coombs, Philip. Law, R. J. 
 
 Gumming, A. M., Jr. Lockwood, F. A. 
 
 Davis, G. D., Jr. Lord, J. R. 
 
 Dayton, G. E. Manning, John. 
 
 Dayton, W. C., Jr. Marlor, George. 
 
 Doughty, G. R. / Martin, P. H. 
 
 Durbin, J. P., Jr. Matthews, James. 
 
 Durfee, Fenton. McCrea, J. E. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 157 
 
 McCrosson, T. A. Seaman, Wm. 
 
 McDonald, Alexander, Jr. Spaulding, F. S. 
 
 McSpedon, W. A. Speir, A. B. 
 
 Merchant, A. T. Stout, T. P. 
 
 Mitchell, R. C. Taylor, H. B. 
 
 Moore, J. C. Tufts, J. M. 
 
 Nandaine, G. D. Tyloff, Ivan. 
 
 O Brien, Oswin. Tyng, T. M. 
 
 Olney, J. E. Van Nest, W. L. 
 
 Potter, W. S. Wagner, Charles F. 
 
 Rockwell, Fenton. Welles, M. G. 
 
 Rutherford, J. H. Wheeler, William. 
 
 Ryan, W. H. White, D. W. 
 
 Seaman, J. G White, James G. 
 
 TENTH COMPANY (K). 
 
 Captain (see below). 
 ]st Lieutenant, E. M. Lemoyne. 2d Lieutenant, T. B. Bunting. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Robinson, John E. (Ordnance}. Dana, Samuel. 
 
 Lord, Thomas, Jr. (Orderly}. Lentilhon, Jos. 
 
 Lawrence, Jon. Leland, Francis L. 
 Schmidt, Leopold 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Delafield, Edward. Peterson, Oscar L., Jr. 
 
 DeRuyter, Charles. Pierson, Henry, Jr. 
 
 D Hervilly, Edward. Plume, J. Henry. 
 
 Drake, David. Prentice, C. K. 
 
 Drake, Lawrence. Ray, James. 
 
 Dubois, C. Richardson, L. R. 
 
 Edey, Henry. Sands, Henry. 
 
 Hall, R. B. Schenck, C. A. 
 
 Harper, John T. Seabury, Robert S. 
 
 Holbrook, H. H. Slasson, Wm. 
 
 Hollister, E. P. Slossan, J. Lawrence. 
 
 Lacombe, Jas. P. Slossan, J. Stewart. 
 
 Leggett, F. W. Spies, Francis. 
 
 Leland, Charles H. Staples, Wright. 
 
 Livingston, Charles. Wotherspoon, H. H. 
 
 Ludovici, Julius. White, John C. 
 
 Luqueer, F. T., Jr. Wallace, W. S. 
 
 Osborn, C. H. Welles, E. B. 
 
 Oakley, W. H. Wright, Edward. 
 
 Pearsall, T. W., Jr. Winslow, John. 
 
158 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Mustered in April 30, 1861. 
 
 Sergeant, Van Renssalaer, S. Corporal, Bleecker, James. 
 
 Drummer, Burlinghoff, Charles T. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Beebe, Edward. Hargons, P. A. 
 
 Bibby, Alfred. Harman, Edward. 
 
 Bleecker, T. B. Hecksher, John E. 
 
 Boell, Charles B. Jones, T. F. 
 
 Brown, Lewis M. Niel, J. Delany. 
 
 Gadsden, Charles A. Taylor, James B. 
 
 Gawtry, H. E. Tompkins, W. W. 
 
 Guion, George. Tucker, John A. 
 
 Grant, Wm. E. Voorhies, Charles H. 
 
 Mustered in May 14, 1861. 
 Captain, GEORGE C. FARRAR. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Chanler, J. W. Lafarge, A. 
 
 Chauncey, C. W. Macy, C. A., Jr. 
 
 Costar, Charles. Manning, J. C. 
 
 Costar, John. McAllister, John. 
 
 Coster, Jeremiah. McJimsey, Robert M. 
 
 Gumming, R. L. Milhan, Edward L. 
 
 Curtis, Samuel B. Miller, Henry W. 
 
 Foote, Edward. Morris, R. L. 
 
 Frieborn, Thomas. Morris, Robert. 
 
 Fuller, H. W. Morse, N. B., Jr. 
 
 Hart, Lucius, Jr. Moss, Nathan F. 
 
 Though the Daylight was chartered by friends of the 
 regiment in New York, Colonel Lefferts made efforts to 
 have the government assume the expense. It has already 
 been noted that he wrote to this effect to Governor Morgan, 
 at Annapolis, on the 23d of April. On the 1st of May he 
 received the following reply : 
 
 " I hasten to reply to your letter of the 23d instant, written at An 
 napolis, Md., this moment at hand, requesting me to write to you at 
 Washington. 
 
 " Approving as T do of the course adopted by you in making your way 
 to Washington with the gallant regiment under your command, I have, 
 in relation to the question of funds expended on your journey to Wash- 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 
 
 ington, to ask you to represent the case to the Secretary of War, who, I 
 do not doubt, will give directions for the immediate reimbursement of 
 the sum thus expended. 
 
 u You will without delay advise me of the result of such application 
 to the Secretary of War. 
 
 " I am, &c., &c., 
 
 " E. D. MORGAN." 
 
 To this letter, on the same day. Colonel Lefferts replied 
 as follows : 
 
 " I made application at the proper department to have the charter- 
 party of a vessel just arrived with stores for us assumed by them, 
 which I urged upon the ground that she also brought troops. They 
 informed me that no doubt, at a future day, we would be refunded the 
 outlay, but they would not pay just now. This vessel and stores were 
 sent by my directions when I expected to be hemmed in, perhaps for 
 weeks. This vessel and cargo cost us $ 4,000 charter-party, and 
 $ 8,000 for stores ; there was so much confusion consequent upon the 
 hurried manner in which troops have been sent forward, that it was 
 absolutely necessary to make outlays upon my own responsibility, or lie 
 idly waiting for others to move. In order to save the government from 
 all trouble for us, and when others actually required more attention, I 
 said I would commute for my rations, and take care of ourselves. This 
 costs us fifty cents per man, over and above the amount received for 
 rations ; it seems hard that I must call upon my men for money in such 
 a case. 
 
 " I now leave the matter to be disposed of as you may deem best." 
 
 But the Union Defence Committee promptly came forward 
 and assumed the entire outlay ; and the following charac 
 teristic letter on the subject will give some idea of the gen 
 eral fervor of enthusiasm which existed regarding the regi 
 ment : 
 
 " MY DEAR COLONEL, Ere this reaches you, I presume you will 
 have received my telegram saying the Union Defence Committee had 
 given me a check for the full amount of the charter and the entire in 
 voice of goods sent you. I think old Kemp deserves well of his regi 
 ment. He has worked night and day to bring the result of his expedi 
 tion to a successful issue, and to-day. his exertions are crowned with 
 success ; he has his money, and the Daylight is home, safe and sound. I 
 won t annoy you with the detail of how I have been bamboozled about 
 
160 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 from one committee and sub-committee to another. These committees 
 have beQn perfectly overwhelmed with work themselves, often till one 
 and two in the morning ; but I started to succeed and have. God bless 
 my dear boys 1 If they only knew how, for days and days without news, 
 the true, full heart of New York has beat for them, they and yourself 
 would be proud of that magic figure seven. It pained me greatly to see 
 in the papers that the Richmond Grays, Captain Elliot, were at Norfolk. 
 When he was here, and we all swore devotedness to the Union, I 
 presumed the flag borne in his command represented the flag of the 
 Union. I little dreamed he would feel it his duty to fight under any 
 
 other 
 
 " A. KEMP, Paymaster Seventh Regiment" 
 
 The time had now come for the Seventh Regiment to 
 take another step. As soon as the camp equipage left at 
 Annapolis had been brought on, Colonel Lefferts prepared 
 to go into camp. The regiment received the intelligence 
 with joy. Neither their " barracks " nor their fare suited 
 them as would the soldier s ration and the soldier s shelter. 
 Their round of duty, too, had become monotonous. The 
 following is a specimen of it, chosen at random from a mass 
 of regimental orders. It is General Order No. 9, dated 
 April 28, 1861:- 
 
 " Company C, Captain Price, and Company E, Captain Speaight, are 
 detailed for guard duty for the 29th inst. Guard-mounting at half past 
 seven o clock, A. M. Adjutants call at twenty minutes past seven, A. M. 
 
 " The guard for the protection of our own quarters will report in the 
 hall by the Colonel s quarters at seven, A. M. Lieutenant Harvey is hereby 
 detailed as officer of this guard, and a sergeant of the First Company, to 
 gether with a corporal, a s non-commissioned officers of the guard. 
 
 " Commandants will drill their companies as well as recruits during 
 the forenoon. Evening parade at half past four o clock, p. M., full uni 
 form, with knapsacks. 
 
 " The Park fronting the Capitol is hereby designated as Regimental 
 Parade-Ground until further notice. First sergeants call for consoli 
 dated report at six o clock, A. M." 
 
 Troops were now pouring into Washington as the Sev 
 enth marched out from the thick of the population again in 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 161 
 
 the van, as it were, to the picket-lines. It gladly surren 
 dered its luxurious quarters to later comers. 
 
 Major Irvin McDowell was in command of the Capitol 
 building when the Seventh appeared for the relief of Wash 
 ington. But soon after, namely, April 28, Colonel (af 
 terwards Major-General) Mansfield, U. S. A., was assigned 
 to the command of the Department of Washington, and it 
 was to him, accordingly, that Colonel Leiferts addressed his 
 proposition to go into camp. The terrain selected, or 
 rather desired, is one of the finest for camp purposes 
 around the city, and was then known as Dr. Stone s farm. 
 Its site was on Meridian Hill, two miles due north from 
 Willard s, on the Harper s Ferry Road, a farm of forty 
 acres, with its fine old. mansion on an elevated, undulating 
 terrace, commanding the plain of Washington, and having 
 a full view of the city and the Potomac broadening beyond. 
 Its position and its fine grounds, covered with grand old 
 ivy-circled oaks, had made it the favorite residence of sev 
 eral Presidents from the time of Madison, who built the 
 villa. A broad parade-ground was available on the spot 
 most suitable for the camp. 
 
 But this desirable ground, though offered to the regiment 
 by the proprietors, was not secured without difficulty. On 
 the 30th, Colonel Lefferts informed Colonel Mansfield that 
 the regimental camp equipage had just been received, add 
 ing : "I visited in person the grounds of Mr. Stone, sug 
 gested by Lieutenant-General Scott, as the place desig 
 nated for an encampment, and am prepared to proceed and 
 occupy the ground upon receipt of an order from you to 
 that effect." This letter was promptly returned, with the 
 following indorsement in Colonel Mansfield s hand : 
 " The General - in - Chief prefers that this regiment be 
 camped at Fletcher s Kalorama, in rear of his house, 
 represented to be a fine camping-ground. It is out on 
 West 20th Street. Go and examine the premises, and, if 
 11 
 
162 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 suitable, go into camp there." There was no comparison 
 between the two places, and resort was had to the rep 
 resentations and influence of good judges. These were 
 successful, and Colonel Lefferts received from Colonel 
 Mansfield authority " to encamp his regiment on Meridian 
 Hill." 
 
 On May day (suggesting many a witticism regarding 
 " May moving ") the regiment assembled at evening parade 
 at 4 P. M., with knapsacks and overcoats rolled thereon, 
 and received the expected order, which ran as follows : 
 
 " By directions from head-quarters, the regiment will go into camp 
 to-morrow at the farm of Mr. Stone, Meridian Hill. The hour of 
 inarch will be stated in orders to-morrow morning. 
 
 " Quartermaster Winchester is directed to have the camp equipage 
 transported immediately to the place herein designated. 
 
 " Lieutenant E. M. Le Moyne, commanding, will have his command 
 ready for marching orders, with one day s rations, at three o clock this P. M. 
 
 " Captain Viele will accompany the command, and superintend the 
 laying out of the camp. 
 
 " Commissary Patten will cause the necessary stores to be trans 
 ported from the Navy-yard." 
 
 The Ninth and Tenth Companies, under Captain Viele, 
 marched the same afternoon to Meridian Hill, and began to 
 lay out the camp. Colonel Lefferts meanwhile informed 
 Major McDowell of the movement in these words : 
 
 " In compliance with orders from head-quarters, I shall move my main 
 body of troops to-morrow afternoon at half past three o clock for encamp 
 ment on Meridian Hill. I have detailed two of my companies for guard 
 duty to-morrow, but have to ask whether you will give other directions 
 or make arrangements to relieve my companies from duty during the 
 day, that they may go with the main body to camp. 
 
 " Allow me at this opportunity to thank you most heartily for your 
 many kind attentions, and express my regret at moving away from the 
 building which has brought us into such close and pleasant contact." 
 
 Major McDowell, on the same day, answered as fol 
 lows : 
 
THE SEVENTH IN THE CAPITOL. 163 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS OF THE CAPITOL, 
 
 May 1, 1861. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M. 
 
 COLONEL, Agreeably to the request contained in your note of this 
 date, I have given directions that the companies of your regiment be re 
 lieved from the detail for guard for to-morrow. 
 
 It is with sincere regret I find the hour for your departure at hand. 
 It is a positive pleasure to have your regiment here, for I do not exag 
 gerate when I say a finer body of a thousand men are not on the face 
 of this globe. 
 
 With the kindest wishes for you all, I have the honor to be, Colonel, 
 Very respectfully, your most obedient servant, 
 
 IRVIN MCDOWELL, 
 
 Assistant Adjutant- General. 
 
 On the 2d of May, at four o clock, p. M., the regiment, 
 with full ranks, marched out of the Capitol, down Pennsyl 
 vania Avenue, "exchanging enthusiastic adieus," say the 
 newspapers of the day, " with the Massachusetts regiment, 
 and cheered all along the route. In front of the National 
 Hotel, Governor Sprague s (the Rhode Island) regiment 
 presented arms. The Seventh Regiment presented a fine 
 appearance, and was followed by a long train of baggage- 
 wagons." And so ended the regiment s occupation of the 
 national Capitol. 
 
HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTEK X. 
 
 CAMP CAMERON. 
 
 HE new camp had been 
 christened, by Colonel Lef- 
 ferts, " Camp Cameron," 
 in honor of the Secretary 
 of War, and by that name 
 it has passed into history. 
 Situated on Meridian Hill, 
 a mile out on Fourteenth 
 Street, and opposite Co 
 lumbia College, the camp 
 was both healthy and beau 
 tiful. The head-quarters 
 commanded a view of the 
 Potomac, as well as of the 
 capital, and of Arlington 
 Heights beyond. The camp 
 was in a fine clover-field, 
 enveloped by woods, where 
 was neatly disposed the 
 
 camp equipage, consisting of two hundred and twenty wall- 
 tents, supplied with " those straw bags we kindly call our 
 mattresses." The wagons brought on the delicacies and 
 substantial which poured in daily from friends in New 
 York. 
 
 The initiation into camp-life was, however, a severe one. 
 The first night was unusually cold, and covered the field 
 with a heavy frost. The next morning a violent north- 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 165 
 
 cast storm set in, lasting till the afternoon of the following 
 day. The unfloored tents did not keep out the rain ; the 
 men lay in their blankets in the wet clover. The details 
 for guard duty were thoroughly drenched, and their beats 
 were through mire. The kitchens were not yet up, and 
 those at head-quarters were forced to do duty for all the 
 companies. "Jasper" writes to the New York Times, un 
 der date of May 3d : 
 
 " During the day we have been getting ready for housekeeping, and 
 cooking our own meals. Scouts are ransacking the city on foot and in 
 hacks, making extensive purchases of tin pans, kettles, pots, basins, &c. 
 We have selected cooks, and are going into camp-life in earnest. The 
 rain pours in torrents, and we are not able to floor our tents, so we turn 
 in on the straw, and sleep warm by indulging in the classic Dutch style 
 of bundling. Several of us have been engaged in boiling potatoes in a 
 huge kettle for the noon meal. Somehow the vast kettle keeled over 
 and upset the pot, the water put out the fire, and we were effectually 
 dished. We essayed the boiling of some rice ; the rice was tip-top, but 
 it would burn. After a while we shall learn the ropes, and those of us 
 who are not married will learn all the secrets of housekeeping before our 
 thirty days has expired. There are about two hundred and fifty tents 
 on the ground, six men being allowed to each tent, with the exception 
 of the officers, who have a tent to themselves. The Second Company, 
 the advance guard on the march from Annapolis, are a mighty jolly set, 
 and have among them several fine singers. One of the tents was chris 
 tened Canterbury Hall last evening, but this morning the frost lay deep 
 on the ground, and the name was changed to the Winter Garden. The 
 scene at the noonday meal to-day was ludicrous in the extreme. Each 
 man was to take his turn with tin plate and cup, and as each company 
 has full a hundred men, the last ones had a pretty hard time of it dodg 
 ing the pouring rain. In a few days everything will be in apple-pie 
 order, the streets and avenues will be laid out, and the Seventh will be 
 happy to receive their lady friends ; but at present everything is in a 
 most heterogeneous jumble, save and except the discipline, which is 
 always perfect. In pleasant weather the spot selected is a beautiful 
 one, overlooking Fort Washington away down the Potomac, but just 
 now the mud is nearly a foot deep. The solitary sentries, stern as 
 Roman soldiers, will have a hard time of it to-night. 
 
 " As I write, the camp-fires are being lighted to cook the evening 
 meal, and the red glare of the torches throws a picturesque light over 
 
166 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the white canvas that holds so many of the flower of our city. Young 
 men who were never in a kitchen are now deeply engaged in the mysteries 
 of the cuisine ; while others are preparing their coifee in alcoholic arrange 
 ments, which are warranted not to burn the aromatic beverage. Others, 
 again, by the light of their chandeliers, which swing from the roof of 
 their tents, are busily engaged in reading loved missives from home, or 
 writing laconic notes oi the back of their knapsacks. A general cheer 
 fulness pervades the entire regiment ; and what would be thought ter 
 rible hardships at home are here turned into merry jests." 
 
 The Chaplain says : " Our encampment was called Mount 
 Pleasant, but, for a time, this was a palpable misnomer. 
 It rained incessantly, the weather cold, the tents were 
 without floors ; the men, without beds, were compelled to 
 lie down (many of them drenched to the skin from being 
 on guard) in the wet, rank clover. The hospital was soon 
 filled with invalids, and I can only attribute their rapid 
 recovery to their youth, spirits, temperate habits, and the 
 skill of our excellent medical staff." * 
 
 But, on the 4th, the floods ceased, fair weather came, 
 tent-floors were constructed, and, during three days there 
 after, the camp was busily set in order. 
 
 The regiment was glad to be out of the city, where now 
 had arrived six regiments from New York, three more 
 from Massachusetts, two from Pennsylvania, and one from 
 Rhode Island, a total, with the Regulars and city militia, 
 of perhaps fifteen thousand men. The position it had occu 
 pied was on the road to Harper s Ferry, and was one of 
 more responsibility than the men themselves were aware 
 of. Colonel Lefferts was instructed to post strong guards, 
 
 * A letter of May 3d from the regiment says: " The straw mattresses furnished 
 were very small and poor, and only enough to supply three or four to a tent, and 
 each tent occupied by six men, so that our sleeping arrangements were not the 
 most comfortable. There was a stack of hay in the field which the boys soon de 
 molished, and carried to their quartei-s, that is, those who were fortunate enough 
 to get any, and then, to improve matters, we had no supper. About nine o clock 
 the sergeant obtained from the commissary a hard biscuit and a small piece of 
 cheese for each man." 
 
CAMP CAMEKON. 167 
 
 and, on the very day the camp was occupied, he received 
 the following order, in General Mansfield s own hand : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON, May 2, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 SIR, Lieutenant-General Scott desires me to say to you, that, in case 
 of an alarm of attack at night, you will march your regiment directly to 
 the President s house. 
 
 Please put out your pickets from your camp on the highway, far 
 enough for you to rally before attacked. 
 
 I apprehend, however, no attack at this time. 
 Very truly, 
 
 Jos. K. F. MANSFIELD, 
 
 Colonel Commanding. 
 
 On the same day, at a later hour, he received a hurried 
 note from the same officer, in these words : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON, May 2. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS, Seventh New York Regiment. 
 
 Please have your command furnished with full supply of ball cartridges 
 before dark, and hold them ready at any moment to take the field. 
 
 Jos. K. F. MANSFIELD, 
 
 Colonel Commanding. 
 (Confidential. ) 
 
 Labor and taste soon made the new camp a soldiers vil 
 lage, and every tent a cottage filled with congenial and 
 happy inmates. Eight companies were established on the 
 broad elevated plateau, covered with high and rich clover 
 (which, however, the perpetual tramp of so many men 
 soon wore to the ground), in regular rows of wall 
 tents, without the fly, arranged in broad and neat streets. 
 The Ninth and Tenth, or howitzer companies, were quar 
 tered in outbuildings ; the former, however, soon after occu 
 pying a large marquee. In front of the tents, and sloping 
 gently down, was the broad and handsome parade-ground 
 and drilling-field. A broad avenue, shaded by oaks, wil 
 lows, and poplars, some of whose branches interlaced, con 
 ducted by an easy ascent from Fourteenth Street to the 
 
168 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Stone mansion ; and on this, a few rods from the gate (the 
 latter under the charge of two sentinels), was established 
 the guard-tent. A chain of sentinels prescribed by their 
 beats the limit of the camp. Partly concealed by the splen 
 did oaks so thick around it, but rising above them, was the 
 villa, with its carriage-porch of four granite pillars in front, 
 forming a commodious head-quarters, with the Colonel s 
 quarters in the large, neat parlor, and those of his staif and 
 of the Engineer Corps in various other rooms around and 
 above. The cellars, outbuildings, and green-house contained 
 the commissary stores, and the enormous quantity of " bar 
 rels, boxes, cans, and bottles " of food and condiments 
 continually sent on by friends of the regiment. The guns 
 were put in battery, a flag-staff raised, and all the ap 
 pointments of a camp scene since so familiar to Ameri 
 cans were complete. The tents of the company officers 
 were, of course, on a line at right angles to those of the 
 men. Each " street " had its amusing name, sometimes 
 connected with that of an officer ; and each tent a droller 
 one, with the list of its occupants on a placard at the 
 door. The following sketch of the camp is given with but 
 few condensations from the original, which, in a letter 
 dated Washington, May 16, 1861, appeared in the columns 
 of a New York daily paper : 
 
 " How the jolly Seventh enjoy life in Camp Cameron is somethihg the 
 people of Washington will remember when this war is a thing of the 
 past. About a mile and a half north of Washington, and on the high 
 road to Harper s Ferry, you begin to ascend Meridian Hill, flanked 
 right and left by green fields and picturesque clumps of foliage, now in 
 
 full leaf and flower You now leave the shaded avenue, the road 
 
 to the camp leading north, over a plain, open field, and a gradual ascent 
 of some twenty rods, which, when you have reached, you find yourself on 
 the crown of Meridian Hill. The camp is pitched on ground sloping to 
 the north, the drill-ground facing to the south, and extending the whole 
 length of the tents. The camp, of square tents, is laid out in streets 
 with great regularity, and presents a picturesque appearance. Many of 
 the streets, and even the tents, are named alter some familiar avenue or 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 169 
 
 place of resort in New York ; and the neatness and precision with which 
 everything appertaining to the soldier is arranged, denotes the character 
 of the men forming the corps. The camp was all astir just then, for it 
 was near dinner-time, and many were the invitations to stop and share 
 their rations. Little furnaces were erected here and there between the 
 tents, and the imp-like figures of little black boys were busy over stew 
 and fry pans. It was instructive to see how men reared in tenderness, 
 and accustomed to all the luxuries of New York life, adapted themselves 
 thus readily to all the hardships of camp-life. But they have improved 
 in health under it, and seem to enjoy it heartily. 
 
 " The tents are all nicely floored, and provided with good blankets and 
 mattresses. In one, members might be seen stretched, some sleeping, 
 some reading, some singing, all in dark gray undress. Others were 
 furbishing up their muskets, whitening their belts, or polishing their own 
 boots. At times you fell upon a young gentleman reading letters from 
 home. It is curious to see what a variety of things are sent here by 
 friends of the regiment in New York, as well as relatives of the mem 
 bers. Barrels of ale, eider, and apples, boxes of oranges and lemons, 
 jars of pickles and preserved meats, cans of various kinds of sweet 
 meats, cases marked hardware, which means brandy and whiskey 
 (called by some * fighting mixture ), and crackers and sardines. All 
 these are denominated medical stores. New York takes good care of 
 the Seventh, and I may have added that many of the donors of these 
 presents are unknown to the recipients. 
 
 " After strolling through the camp for some time, I shaped my course 
 for the tent in which Gifford the artist was located. Here I met with 
 a warm welcome from an old friend and companion. All was neatness 
 and order in this tent, just what you might expect of such an occupant. 
 The mattresses, covered with blankets, were carefully stowed on one 
 side ; there was a place for and a row of polished boots in their places ; 
 the knapsacks, bright and clean, were all in their places at one end ; the 
 accoutrements hung in their places ; the medical stores, of which there 
 was a bountiful supply, stood in one comer ; and the little table and the 
 pewter looked as bright as if it had just come from the hands of a skil 
 ful kitchen-maid. A rack at the head of the camp held the arms. A 
 very small edition of a darkey was cooking the noonday meal over a 
 fire at the door." 
 
 Of the head-quarters the same visitor writes : 
 
 " On the right are the Colonel s and Quartermaster s quarters, plainly 
 furnished, but comfortable. These are the best parlors, where Madison 
 and Adams. used to entertain their guests. On the left are the quarters 
 
170 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 of the Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant, and Major, their swords and other 
 weapons hanging on the walls ; tables covered with papers, a few chairs, 
 and camp-stools making up the furniture. An intricate passage leads 
 you into the rear, and, passing down a few steps, you find yourself in 
 store-rooms of various kinds, the bakery, the Quartermaster s depart 
 ment, and various oval departments, where the members of the Engineer 
 Corps have taken up their quarters, some stretched on mattresses, others 
 busy with their arms and uniforms. Returning to the first floor, you 
 ascend bridge-shaped stairs, and are on the second floor, where the 
 officers and non-commissioned officers of engineers have their quarters. 
 The rooms are small, but high of ceiling and airy, and were formerly 
 used for bedrooms. Each room is occupied by six or eight men, accord 
 ing to size, and called by some familiar name. One was Bleak House, 
 another Snug Home, and a third, I think, * Muggins. 
 
 The day after the camp was occupied, the following 
 order was issued : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, " CAMP CAMEROS," 
 MOUNT PLEASANT, WASHINGTON, May 3, 1861. 
 
 STANDING ORDER NO. 1. 
 
 This Camp shall be called " Camp Cameron," in honor of the Secre 
 tary of War. 
 
 The Chain of Sentinels shall be the limit of the Camp. 
 
 No member of the regiment shall pass outside of the limits of the Camp 
 without express permission of the Officer of the Day, and then only by 
 way of the guard tent, where he shall report himself going and return 
 ing. Not more than ten men of any one company shall be absent at 
 one time. 
 
 The Officer of the Guard shall keep a list of men so leaving Camp, 
 with the time of their reporting to him, and submit the same with his 
 Guard Report in the morning. 
 
 Every man must be present at morning and afternoon drill, unless he 
 is on the sick report or has a written excuse from his commandant. 
 
 " REVEILLE " at sunrise, when the morning gun will be fired by 
 the guard ; immediately after roll-call the tents will be put in order and 
 the streets cleaned of all straw, &c., which must be removed from the 
 Camp-Ground. 
 
 Half an hour after " Reveille," the signal for Recruit squad drill, 
 which will last one hour. 
 
 " Surgeon s Call " at half past six, A. M., when the sick in camp, of 
 each company, .who are able, will be marched to the Dispensary, in 
 charge of a non-commissioned officer. 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 
 
 "Peas on a Trencher," call for breakfast, at seven o clock, A. M., 
 when the companies will be formed and receive their rations in turn. 
 
 Call for details for guard duty at twenty minutes before eight, A. M. 
 
 Call for details to repair to Regimental Parade at ten minutes before 
 eight, A. M. 
 
 "Troop" for guard-mounting at eight, A. M., immediately after 
 which the First Sergeant, with a detail of men, will draw their RATIONS 
 for the day. 
 
 The " Assembly " for company drill, at half past nine, A. M. This 
 drill will last one hour. The Troop will be drilled with the Howitzers ; 
 the Regimental Engineer will select some place in the immediate neigh 
 borhood, where the Engineer Corps will be practised in the construction 
 of Gabions and Fascines. 
 
 " Roast Beef" will be sounded for dinner at twelve, M. 
 
 The " Assembly " for Companies to form for Battalion Drill will be at 
 five, P. M. 
 
 First Sergeant s call fifteen minutes after. 
 
 To the Color to form by Battalion at half past five, P. M. 
 
 Evening gun to be fired at sunset. 
 
 " Tattoo " at ten, p. M. Taps at half past ten, p. M. 
 
 There will be roll-calls on the company parades, at Reveille, and even 
 ing parades superintended by a commissioned officer. 
 
 The recruits will be exercised at least twice a day by an officer or 
 non-commissioned officer. 
 
 All drills will be attended in full fatigue dress, officers and non-com 
 missioned officers omitting the sash. 
 
 Company and squad drills will be supervised by Major Shalei, who is 
 hereby directed to attend in person, and direct a programme of exercises. 
 
 When off duty, in the public streets, all officers, non-commissioned 
 officers, and privates will wear the body-belt alone, the coat buttoned. 
 On dress parades, the officers and sergeants will wear the sash. 
 
 The cap-cover will be worn in wet weather only. 
 
 Pistols will not be carried by officers or men except in actual conflict, 
 or when on the march. 
 
 All fancy articles of dress are prohibited at all times. 
 By order of 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
 One modification of this order was made next day, in 
 consequence of the issue of General Orders No. 17 from 
 Department Head-quarters, which prescribes that 
 
 " Tattoo will take place throughout the city, of Washington and its 
 
172 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 vicinity at half past nine o clock, p. M. ; after which all troops, both offi 
 cers and soldiers, will remain in camp or quarters until reveille, unless 
 out under orders, or with special permits from their commanders. A 
 patrol will pass through the city under the orders of the Provost-Mar 
 shal, and all irregularities will be promptly corrected." 
 
 Ten days later (May 14) General Mansfield issued the 
 following General Order No. 21 : 
 
 " I. On an alarm of fire, the troops at their respective camps and quar 
 ters will not leave their limits unless ordered out. 
 
 " II. There will be no serenading by bands after tattoo (half past 
 nine, p. M.), except by written permit from these head-quarters. 
 
 " III. Field officers of the day will be detailed, who will receive their 
 orders direct from these head-quarters. 
 
 " IY. In case of an attack and consequent alarm, which will be made 
 known by the firing of three minute-guns and the tolling of the church 
 bells, the troops will assemble for battle on their respective parade- 
 grounds, and wait orders." 
 
 Major Shaler was directed to arrange a Manual of Arms, 
 substantially like Hardee s, taken from the French, and to 
 instruct the commissioned officers therein, and superintend 
 the drills of the men. 
 
 From the " Standing Order No. 1," and the various 
 orders for drill, target practice, and so forth, which fol 
 lowed, a good idea may be drawn of life at Camp Cameron. 
 First came the^ inevitable and startling sunrise gun, and 
 thereupon the instantaneous clatter of drums and fifes, 
 beating and playing the reveille ; then the ringing orderly s 
 cry, " Fall in for roll-call ! " followed by the roll-call itself; 
 then the morning wash at the spring in the oak-grove, at 
 the rear of the camp ; then an hour s drill for recruits be 
 fore breakfast ; then breakfast, welcomed with keen appe 
 tites ; next, the always interesting ceremony of guard- 
 mounting, followed by an hour s company drill, and two 
 hours battalion drill, which, with a little rest, fill up the 
 time till dinner. Appetites whetted by exercise and out-door 
 life would have found little to complain of in the govern 
 ment rations, even with beef and coffee sometimes ques- 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 173 
 
 tionable in quality; but the farmers also bring in tlie 
 produce of their dairies and gardens from all the country 
 around, and delicacies come from home in great wagon- 
 loads daily. Idling, smoking, writing letters, reading, 
 playing at games, cleaning muskets, equipments, or quarters, 
 leaving camp upon passes, now suggest their claims to 
 attention. Target practice or skirmish drill and more 
 recruit drill follow, and afterwards the daily inspection of 
 quarters by the officer of the day, conducted with great 
 formality, while the band plays its best. Then comes 
 dress parade, when " all Washington appears." The camp 
 is full of guests, men, women, and children, high govern 
 ment officials and army officers often, and many ladies ; all 
 testify their admiration. Gymnastic sports succeed the 
 parade. The sunset gun tells that evening has come, and, 
 as the tent-fires light up, the moon sails serene into the 
 heavens, and looks down on Camp Cameron, on the 
 manly youth singing patriotic songs, and talking over the 
 events of an era in which each day is a lifetime, or out 
 yonder on the Harper s Ferry Road, watching in the silent 
 night, with eye and ear and hand alert against the enemy. 
 The letters published by camp correspondents of the 
 New York papers, at this period, are full of interesting 
 and often amusing details. One in the New York Post 
 says : 
 
 " The sensation of each day at Camp Cameron is the arrival of a 
 black covered wagon, inscribed Seventh Regiment, United States Mail 
 and Express, which brings more mail matter every afternoon than 
 
 passes through the post-offices of a German principality in a week 
 
 Evening dress^ parade at Camp Cameron is becoming a fashionable 
 resort, and even the belles of Georgetown, who have been more or less 
 carried away by the secession mania, are extending their afternoon 
 strolls to the college grounds, to witness the imposing lines of glistening 
 gun-barrels moving at the Colonel s word, and to hear Grafulla s fine 
 band perform national airs." 
 
 Another letter says : 
 
174 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " One tent has its kitten, another its dog, another two crows, any 
 thing, in short, to pet. And it is curious to see how these pets, except 
 the crows, are borrowed and jealously watched. In front of some of the 
 tents, imitations of court-yards are made, with sods and small evergreens." 
 
 A third says : 
 
 " Government furnishes us, among our rations, small droves of cattle ; 
 the guards, with long poles and staves, and pants turned up, and 
 slouched in their appearance, may be seen taking charge of them, 
 driving them daily through Pennsylvania Avenue to water, and then 
 back to pasture, and, as called for, preparing them for cooking, and then 
 
 for the table We have four mountain howitzers here, and two 
 
 rifled cannon on their way, we hope, and have so understood. We cer 
 tainly will have a fine battery when it is complete, viz. four howitzers 
 and four rifled cannon." 
 
 Not only letters but " supplies " came daily from New 
 York in such abundance, that, on the 10th of May, Quarter 
 master Winchester sent this telegram to the Adams Ex 
 press Company in New York : " Do advise our friends to 
 stop sending things to us. We have no means of keeping 
 them ; besides, we are surfeited. Hereafter, demand prepay 
 ment on anything sent to us, except letters and articles of 
 dress, which please send free." Yet, a fortnight later, a 
 Philadelphia paper announces that, " on the 22d, the regi 
 ment received between eight and nine hundred boxes, bales, 
 and packages from New York, containing supplies, dona 
 tions, gifts, &c., and embracing all the luxuries the market 
 could afford." 
 
 On Sunday, May 5th, took place the first inspection and 
 the first dress parade at the camp. At 10 A. M. the articles 
 of war were read to the regiment, formed in hollow square, 
 by the Chaplain ; at half past one, P. M., divine. service was 
 held under the shade of the oaks fronting head-quarters. 
 On the afternoon of the 7th, the regiment was reviewed by 
 General Mansfield, many other distinguished persons being 
 present ; and afterwards the various companies were visited 
 by Major Anderson, who was everywhere greeted with hearty 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 175 
 
 cheers. The next day the troops were reviewed and the 
 camp was inspected by the Secretary of War, who was re 
 ceived with a salute of thirteen guns. On the llth the dress 
 parade was witnessed by the Secretaries of State and of 
 the Navy, Senator Wilson, Mr. Thurlow Weed, and others ; 
 on the 12th, by the President, the Secretaries of State and 
 of the Treasury, and the French and Brazilian Ministers ; 
 on the 13th, by the President and Secretary Seward. On 
 the 15th, the President, Secretary Seward, and Mr. Astor, 
 Mr. M. H. Blatchford, Mr. Simeon Draper, and Mr. C. H. 
 Russell of the Union Defence Committee, were among the 
 guests ; on the 21st, Senators Foote, Simmer, and Clemens. 
 No fair day passed without its throng of distinguished vis 
 itors, and the drills and parade were a constant theme of 
 admiration. Secretary Seward paid the regiment the com 
 pliment of inviting each field officer and company com 
 mander to his levee of Tuesday, May 21st. 
 
 On the 9th of May, Private J. Larrie Keese of the 
 Eighth Company was killed by the accidental discharge of 
 a musket. As this was the first death in the regiment, and 
 Keese was a young man of excellent business, social, and 
 literary abilities, and a general favorite, gloom was cast 
 over the camp. Appropriate resolutions were passed by 
 his comrades, and a sergeant and six men were detailed by 
 the Colonel to accompany the remains, in their metallic 
 coffin, to Brooklyn. In the latter city, imposing and impres 
 sive funeral ceremonies were held at Christ Church by Rev. 
 Dr. Canfield, and a throng of five thousand citizens came 
 to pay the last rites of respect to the first of the long list 
 of hero martyrs that the Seventh Regiment was destined to 
 furnish to the country. The cortege, preceded by an escort 
 of the National Guard Reserve Corps, and two platoons of 
 the Ninth Regiment, and many military guests, proceeded 
 to Greenwood Cemetery, where Keese was buried with 
 military honors. The following is the official correspond 
 ence on this event : 
 
176 , HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 To THE TELEGRAPH OPERATOR. 
 To THE CHIEF OPERATOR OF THE TELEGRAPH OFFICE. 
 
 I do not wish the death of one of our men communicated by tele 
 graph, as I have sent forward a courier to announce it, for which 1 will 
 be responsible. Suppress any message announcing the fact. 
 Respectfully, 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS TO MRS. KEESE. 
 
 CAMP CAMERON, WASHINGTON, May 9, 1861. 
 MRS. KEESE, Brooklyn, 
 
 MY DEAR MADAM, It is with feelings of the deepest sympathy that 
 I am compelled to inform you of the death of your son, J. Lawrence 
 Keese, this morning, by the accidental discharge of a musket. He 
 has fallen none the less in defence of his country s altar and his home. 
 His brother soldiers will mourn, his loss, while they profess their profound 
 sorrow at his untimely end. 
 
 Believe me truly your friend, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Seventh Regiment. 
 This letter will be delivered by a special courier, Mr. McJimsey. 
 
 SECOND LETTER FROM COXONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 WASHINGTON, CAMP CAMERON, May 10, 1861. 
 MRS. KEESE. 
 
 MY DEAR MADAM, I addressed you a few lines yesterday by special 
 messenger, with the sad news of the death of your son. I will not, at 
 this time, trespass upon your sorrowful moments further than to express 
 my heartfelt sympathy with your loss. I enclose a few locks of his hair 
 and his shirt-studs and sleeve-buttons. The rest of his effects are in 
 charge of his cousin, Mr. McJimsey. 
 
 May the blessings of Him who doeth all things well cause this 
 
 blow to fall lightly. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Seventh Regiment. 
 
 One of the daily papers adds : 
 
 " It is said that young Keese ; when summoned to go to the war, ex 
 pressed an opinion that he should never return alive, and at his sugges 
 tion the marriage ceremony between himself and Miss Maria Tucker 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 
 
 177 
 
 to whom lie had been engaged for some time was performed. The 
 newly wedded pair were together for one short half-hour immediately 
 after the ceremony, when he took his leave. That night he passed with 
 the regiment in quarters, and the only time his wife saw him alive after 
 the interview spoken of was in the ranks next day, when the regiment 
 marched down Broadway." 
 
 Target-firing was practised daily, in accordance with a 
 general order from the department. Commandants of com 
 panies were directed to divide their commands into three 
 squads, designated target squads, each under the command 
 of a commissioned officer and one sergeant^ and every 
 morning (when not raining) between the hours of seven 
 o clock, A. M. and twelve, M., the squads were to be marched 
 to the target-ground, and each man allowed two cartridges 
 for practice. 
 
 On the day after the arrival at Camp Cameron, the fol 
 lowing was the strength of the regiment : 
 
 Consolidated Morning Report of the Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M., 
 May 3, 1861. 
 
 
 Present. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Effective. 
 
 Sick. 
 
 Absent. 
 
 
 
 
 ti 
 
 1 
 
 
 d 
 
 1 
 
 
 ta 
 
 1 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 02 
 
 S 
 
 
 02 
 
 s 
 
 
 2 
 
 ffi 
 
 
 -S 
 
 
 ! 
 
 1 
 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 ? 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 I 
 
 S 
 
 I 
 
 
 "3 
 
 
 .; 
 
 "3 
 
 2 
 
 c 
 
 2 
 
 s 
 
 . 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 i 
 
 
 2 
 
 107 
 
 
 
 l 
 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 115 
 
 117 
 
 2 
 
 
 3 
 
 141 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 146 
 
 149 
 
 3 
 
 
 2 
 
 96 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 101 
 
 103 
 
 4 
 
 
 3 
 
 102 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 106 
 
 109 
 
 5 
 
 
 3 
 
 83 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 89 
 
 92 
 
 6 
 
 
 2 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 108 
 
 110 
 
 7 
 
 
 2 
 
 105 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 108 
 
 110 
 
 8 
 
 
 3 
 
 113 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 120 
 
 123 
 
 9 
 
 
 2 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 30 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 
 2 
 
 70 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 73 
 
 75 
 
 10 14 
 
 24 
 
 946 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 3 
 
 32 
 
 996 
 
 1,034 
 
 J. HENRY LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 12 
 
178 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 The regiment, as the campaign progressed, was greatly 
 swelled by recruits. It marched, as we have said, with 
 nine hundred and ninety-one men. Its first accession con 
 sisted of the detachment which followed in the Baltic, 
 under Colonel Butterfield ; its next of the one hundred and 
 seventy-five men who came on the first trip of the Daylight. 
 From these were subtracted some who returned to New 
 York sick, having broken down during the Annapolis march 
 or later. 
 
 For several days this strength remained about the same. 
 On the 13th of May the regiment showed an aggregate of 
 1,156, and this was- increased by additions of various sorts. 
 The consolidated report of May 20th showed 1,231 men, with 
 only two in hospital and twenty-seven on furlough. The 
 highest aggregate ever reached at any one time was 1,270 ; 
 but the total number of men, including band, &c., connected 
 with the regiment during the campaign, was considerably 
 greater. So early as the 29th of April, Colonel Lefferts 
 wrote to New York that he could receive no more recruits, 
 except forty or fifty for the Second Company of artillery. 
 However, many came to the camp unbidden. On the 13th 
 of May a detachment of sixty-eight recruits for the Ninth 
 (howitzer) Company arrived at Washington in the Matan- 
 zas, under command of Sergeant Tyng of the Sixth Com 
 pany. They were all enlisted within two days, and had been 
 drilled three times a day during the week before their de 
 parture. They marched from the armory to the pier, on 
 the 9th, amid great enthusiasm, escorted by Company E, 
 9th Regiment (Lieutenant Meeks), and Company A, 55th 
 Regiment (Captain Tissot) of the New York Militia, and 
 were greeted on board the boat by a large assembly of the 
 friends of the regiment. 
 
 In speaking of recruits and supplies, it becomes neces 
 sary to refer once more to the Veterans and " National 
 Guard Reserve," who at this time took the liveliest inter- 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 179 
 
 est in the regiment proper, and supported it with a zeal and 
 enthusiasm which only the most perfect esprit de corps 
 could inspire. It has heretofore been noted how, on the 
 evening before the regiment marched to the war, the Yet 
 eran Association met at the armory to organize a " home 
 guard." Two days later (Sunday, April 21), Paymaster 
 Thomas M. Adriance of the Veterans wrote to Colonel Lef- 
 ferts : " The armory is constantly thronged with applicants 
 to join the Seventh Regiment at Washington. Some are 
 going on at all events, and trust to prove fit for admission. 
 The Veteran Guard and ex-members, and the members of 
 the Seventh who cannot leave the city, are organized into 
 eight companies to take the place of the regiment while 
 absent." On the 25th, Adjutant Asher Taylor wrote : " We 
 are still pressed with applications for admission to the regi 
 ment, and give the same answer, i. e. they may go for 
 ward on their chances of being acceptable to you or any of 
 the companies of the regiment. It looks as if we would 
 have two hundred more to send forward in four or five days. 
 .... The organization of the National Guard Reserve 
 was completed on Tuesday evening, the stay-at-homes and 
 exempts of the several companies forming companies, elect 
 ing officers, &c. Colonel Stevens was elected Colonel; 
 Vermilye, Lieutenant-Colonel ; and Holt, Major." They are 
 all going into drill in earnest." 
 
 On the 27th, there were enrolled 429 men in the " Na 
 tional Guard Reserve." On the 28th, Colonel Stevens re 
 ported to Colonel Lefferts, that recruits for the regiment 
 were drilled daily by competent men from eight to eleven, 
 A. M., and from three to six, P. M., six hours. In the 
 evenings the large drill-room at the armory was used by 
 the National Guard Reserve, " Which," adds Colonel Ste 
 vens, " numbers about five hundred men, and is constantly 
 increasing. We can send you one hundred recruits per 
 week for some weeks to come, and such men as any com- 
 
180 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 pany, even of the Seventh Regiment, will be glad to en 
 list." In fine, on the 30th, Colonel Stevens officially re 
 ported to General Sandford that " the ex-members of the 
 National Guard have organized eight companies, averaging 
 fifty-six men to each company, for home service, the 
 corps to be denominated National Guard Reserve. The 
 company and field officers have been duly elected, and the 
 staff officers appointed." 
 
 After this explanatory preface, the following correspond 
 ence regarding recruits in 1861 will be read with interest : 
 
 ADJUTANT TAYLOR TO COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 NEW YORK, May 2, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 SIR, Before receiving your letter, one hundred recruits had been 
 selected, and arrangements made with General Sandford ibr their trans 
 portation, and Colonel Stevens concluded that it would be impossible to 
 disturb the arrangement without creating a dissatisfaction that it would 
 be better to avoid ; they have been under drill by Lieutenant Vermilye, 
 Captain Farrar, Mr. Easton, and Mr. Tyng, and are considerably ad 
 vanced in " war s dread art." Four gentlemen of the Engineer Corps 
 stated that you needed fifty men at once for the Second Company of 
 Engineers, and we concluded that you could dispose of the one hundred 
 now going forward without difficult). 
 
 The organization of the National Guard Reserve is very satisfactory. 
 There are now something like six hundred enrolled, and the drilling of 
 the companies is carried on regularly. 
 
 With respect, yours truly, 
 
 ASHER TAYLOR, Adjutant of N. G. 
 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS TO COLONEL STEVENS. 
 
 CAMP CAMERON, WASHINGTON, May 5, 1861. 
 
 MY DEAR COLONEL, I have written twice to you. In one of my 
 letters I said we would not receive any more recruits, except some forty 
 or fifty to complete the Second Company of artillery. One of my 
 members has a telegraph to-day, saying that fifty men are waiting for 
 transportation, to join the corps referred to. I have no letter from you 
 in reference to this matter, but I have telegraphed and written to Gen 
 eral Sandford, requesting him to furnish transportation, which I hope 
 he will do ; if not, I think Paymaster Kemp will arrange it 
 
 I am sorry to see, by the papers, that the President has requested our 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 181 
 
 Governor to stop any more troops coming forward. My own idea is 
 
 that we want fifty thousand men here 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 
 ADJUTANT TAYLOR TO COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 NATIONAL GUARD RESERVE, NEW YORK, May 7, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 DEAR SIR, Since mine of 2d instant, General Sandford has de 
 clared peremptorily that no more men shall receive transportation to 
 the regiment, except furlough men, returning. Some few of our re 
 cruits, we have reason to believe, have shipped through, and are, or 
 soon will be, with you. 
 
 There are about fifty who have applied for permission to enter the 
 artillery companies, some of them have straggled along with Sergeant 
 Law, and the remainder await report from him of their admission as 
 members of the company, when they will be pushed forward by any 
 way that may offer, leaving sixty others awaiting your further order. 
 They are so impatient for service that we cannot hold them, and it 
 is very probable that some of them have already found their way to your 
 colony. The selection of the fifty has been made by Lieutenant Dela- 
 
 mater of the Troop 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 ASHER TAYLOR, Mil. Sec. N. G. R. 
 
 COLONEL L. W. STEVENS TO COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 NEW YORK, May 9, 1861. 
 
 DEAR COLONEL, This will be handed to you by Mr. Tyng of the 
 Eighth Company, who goes out in charge of the artillery company for 
 whom he has acted as drill sergeant during their detention here, and a 
 most valuable man he has proved himself. 
 
 General Sandford had promised to forward forty men, but flatly re 
 fused to send any more. Upon the whole, we found so much red-tapeism, 
 that, finding this steamer ready to leave with stores and an empty cabin, 
 we arranged to send them by her at $12 each, of which the men have 
 paid $5 each, and we shall raise the balance "by hook or by crook." 
 
 We have twenty or thirty more first-rate men on hand, ready and 
 anxious to go forward as soon as you say the word ; we have not and 
 shall not recruit any more until you direct us to do so. 
 
 I am writing in haste, but have time to say, success and prosperity to 
 you and the corps. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 L. W. STEVENS, Colonel elect N. G. R. 
 
182 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 LIEUTENANT KEMP TO COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 NEW YORK, May 10, 1861 
 
 DEAR COLONEL, Your letter ordering forward sixty artillerists I 
 received, and yesterday sent you a telegram saying they would sail per 
 steamer Matanzas at 5 p. M. On the minute they were on board. 
 Colonel Stevens has been very efficient in this matter, so has Friend 
 Schultz. We divided up the work and it went ahead. It has again 
 been my misfortune to find my movements under your orders opposed 
 by General Sandford. He would only give a pass for forty men, and 
 those he made arrangements for on board Empire City, as per enclosed 
 order, which please retain. I showed him your letter : he replied he 
 could send but forty. The sixty men were all ready waiting at armory. 
 . . . . T hunted around the docks, found the steamer Matanzas had 
 been chartered by government (except cabin). She had provisions the 
 day before for one hundred passengers from Matanzas, but the govern 
 ment took her in a hurry. So her provisions, poultry in ice, &c., &c., 
 were all on board. The owners agreed to take my party, cabin fare, 
 good state-rooms, &c., for $ 12 a man. I went back to the armory, told 
 my story, and suggested to the men if they wanted to go speedily, com 
 fortably, and be well cared for, if they would pay $ 5 per man I would 
 see to paying the balance. The vote was taken, and every man voted 
 yes. We hope to be able to pay the balance without calling on regi 
 mental funds. I cannot speak in too high terms of Mr. Tyng, who has 
 worked day and night to get these men into shape. At the moment 
 of departure I found sixty-eight on board. I understand the surplus are 
 approved by companies, and are going to run the risk of being wanted 
 
 and elected 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 A. KEMP. 
 
 On the lltli of May, Surgeon Cheesman suggested in 
 writing to Colonel Lefferts that " a guard be kept over all 
 the wells from which the camp is supplied with water." 
 This recommendation was carried into effect, and, in ad 
 dition, all hucksters and petty traders were forbidden to 
 enter the camp without a pass given by the Colonel. 
 
 While at Camp Cameron, the regiment received from Mr. 
 Rutherford Stuyvesant, a member of the corps, two twelve- 
 pounder howitzers, with equipment and ammunition com 
 plete. Accompanying the gift was the following letter : 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 183 
 
 175 SECOND AVENUE, NEW YORK, May 3, 1861. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Seventh Regiment, N. Y. S. M. 
 
 SIR, Being deprived, by ill health, of the great pleasure of sharing 
 in the dangers and fatigues so well endured, and in the credit, so well 
 merited, of the Seventh, I desire to testify my admiration for them 
 as soldiers, and my affection for them as comrades, as well as my devo 
 tion to the sacred cause for which they are armed. With this intent, I 
 have procured and forwarded to your address a pair of mounted how 
 itzers, with their equipment and ammunition, which I desire to presenl 
 to the regiment, with my best wishes. 
 
 I am, very respectfully, yours, &c., 
 
 RUTHERFORD STUYVESANT. 
 
 These howitzers had some difficulty in reaching their 
 destination, but were finally received and put in battery 
 with the pieces originally brought forward. Under date 
 of New York, May 9, 1861, General Sandford wrote to 
 Colonel Lefferts on this subject as follows : 
 
 " I sent the two howitzers presented to your regiment under the care 
 of Brigade-Major Smith (1st Brigade) to Annapolis. 
 
 " I have just seen a letter from Major Smith to General Spicer, asking 
 him to inform me that Colonel Abel Smith, commanding the Thirteenth 
 Regiment, had taken possession of these howitzers and declined to for 
 ward them, saying he needed them at Annapolis. 
 
 " I have written to Colonel Smith to-day to say that he must send them 
 to you at once. If there is any delay in so doing, please inform me. 
 
 " I have a general order not to forward recruits, but I have taken the 
 responsibility of sending forty for these howitzers to-day by the Empire 
 City." 
 
 About the same time (May) Colonel Lefferts telegraphed 
 to New York to obtain four more pieces of artillery for 
 the use of the regiment. Through the efforts of Mr. J. J. 
 Astor, Jr., who took the liveliest interest in the regiment, 
 an appropriation for two rifled twelve-pounders was made 
 by the Union Defence Committee ; and the pieces were for 
 warded, together with 400 rounds of shot, 400 of shell, 
 800 cartridges, 1,200 caps. 
 
 Many other donations for the campaign came to the regi- 
 
184 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ment at Camp Cameron. From the " New York Medical 
 Association for the Supply of Lint, Bandages, &c. to the 
 Army," located in the Spingler Institute building, came a 
 box of lint and bandages, " prepared," said the note of Dr. 
 G-. M. Smith, who forwarded it, " by a few young ladies, 
 for the Hospital Department of your regiment." At the 
 same time (May 11) the first contribution from one of the 
 " Ladies Havelock Associations " of New York reached 
 the regiment, a thousand and more white linen cap- 
 covers of the British pattern, so famous in India and the 
 Crimea, worn also by the French at Solferino. Colonel 
 Lefferts promptly wrote to the " Ladies of the Havelock 
 Association, Mrs. George T. Stevens, Mrs. John C. Peters, 
 and others," in acknowledgment: " On behalf of the Sev 
 enth Regiment, I thank you for the beautiful and service 
 able present of one thousand Havelocks. They add so 
 materially to the comfort of the men to whom you have 
 sent them, that, could you see how eagerly they have been 
 sought and worn, you would feel, I doubt not, well repaid 
 for the labor they have cost." 
 
 In the Daylight s rich cargo was a supply of loose, dark 
 gray, knit worsted jackets, the gift of Mr. W. H. Aspin- 
 wall to the regiment. These excellent presents were dis 
 tributed amongst the men after reaching Camp Cameron, 
 and proved exceedingly comfortable. The jackets were in 
 stantly christened " Aspinwalls" by the regiment. " They 
 came to hand," wrote Colonel Lefferts, " at the very time 
 when I was considering the propriety of ordering a quantity 
 of flannel blouses. You have thus anticipated our wants. 
 They all arrived safely, and will be distributed to-morrow, 
 when we get into camp." The " Aspinwall " and the 
 " Havelock " made a remarkable change in the appearance 
 and comfort of the troops, and the experiences of campaign 
 taught other practical devices and variations in uniform. 
 In their new costume, stalwart, hearty, and sun-browned, 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 185 
 
 the regiment would hardly have been recognized by those 
 accustomed only to the casual parades of the city, to un- 
 tanned faces, and stiff gray uniform. " No more tight- 
 bodied dress-coats," writes one member, luxuriating in the 
 cosey freedom of his fatigue suit ; " no more pretty white 
 cross-belts to hamper us down ; no more heavy, stiff caps ; 
 no more fashionable pantaloons. Give us a little time 
 after we get home, i. e. if we do get there, and we will 
 show you a serviceable, neat, and inexpensive uniform." 
 
 Besides material gifts and supplies, the regiment received 
 abundance of kindly messages, grateful letters from so 
 cieties and individuals, from other regiments, from towns, 
 from patriotic citizens and admiring friends. Before the 
 writer many such documents are on file, which it would 
 hardly be tasteful (even were there space) to insert. A 
 dozen odes and sonnets, of various lengths, dedicated to 
 the regiment, commemorating one or another feature of its 
 achievements or adventures, show that the bards of the 
 country were as busy as the press in crowning it with 
 laurels. Music also was composed in honor of its march. 
 A terrible struggle soon gave occasion to patriots and poets 
 and historians to bring their best words to commemorate 
 the deeds of thousands upon thousands of patriot heroes, 
 and, among them, many a gallant soldier of the Seventh, 
 
 " To deck their hearse 
 Who in warm life-blood wrote their nobler verse." 
 
 But, meanwhile, attention was largely concentrated on 
 the regiments that pioneered the path to Washington, and 
 first sprang to save the capital from dishonor. 
 j^JBefore the regiment had been many days at Camp Cam 
 eron, its members began to deVote themselves to the coun 
 try " for the war " ; and as soon as the President called 
 for three years volunteers, one gallant soldier after another 
 gave himself wholly to the good cause. The first officer to 
 leave the regiment was the brave and accomplished Farn- 
 
186 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ham, First Lieutenant of Company B., who, having been 
 elected to the lieutenant-colonelcy of Ellsworth s famous 
 regiment, resigned his lieutenancy on the 7th of May. 
 Two days later, Captain Schuyler Hamilton was appointed 
 military secretary, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, 
 upon the staff of the Lieutenant-General. " I shall al 
 ways," wrote Colonel Hamilton to Colonel Lefferts, in ask 
 ing to be discharged by promotion, " esteem it an honor to 
 have marched with the Seventh, and trust that I may still 
 consider myself an honorary member of the corps whose 
 uniform I shall continue to wear." The official order from 
 General Scott s head-quarters ran as follows : 
 
 " Captain Schuyler Hamilton, Aide-de-Camp to the General-in- 
 Chief during the Mexican War, and now a member of the Seventh Regi 
 ment of New York Volunteers, is hereby again appointed to the staff of 
 the General-in-Chief, as a military secretary with the rank of lieuten 
 ant-colonel, under Section 16 of the act approved March 3, 1857. He 
 will be obeyed and respected accordingly." 
 
 These depletions gradually took away from the regiment, 
 even at the outbreak of the war, many of its best-drilled and 
 most capable men ; and in a double sense General McDow 
 ell s word was fast proving true, " it is a regiment of offi 
 cers." The talk of commissions was one of the leading 
 subjects of conversation, and a letter dated May 21st says : 
 " Five men from a single company, only one above the 
 position of private, and he a sergeant, have received com 
 missions in one regiment alone, three of the rank of cap 
 tain. One brigadier commandant wants twelve captains 
 from the Seventh." 
 
 Mention has already been made of the valuable services 
 rendered to the regiment by* Colonel (later Major-General) 
 Samuel R. Curtis, a volunteer aid on Colonel Lefferts s 
 staff. On the 4th of May, that officer wrote to Colonel Lef 
 ferts : " I shall take great pleasure in reporting myself to 
 you to-morrow morning. I have been on the sick-list 
 
CAMP CAMKKON. 187 
 
 for forty-six hours, but now I am myself again." Colonel 
 Lefferts responded by informing him of his election as an 
 honorary member of the Eighth Company (Brevet-Colonel 
 Shumway commanding), the senior company of the regi 
 ment. " It is done," he wrote, " from the great respect in 
 which you are held, and the love they bear you, while I per 
 sonally desire to express my thanks for your valuable aid 
 and counsel since you joined us at Philadelphia. As a 
 member of our corps, our doors will always be open to you, 
 and a hand of welcome extended." Colonel Curtis wrote 
 in reply : " Please make my acceptance known to the 
 Eighth Company, with my grateful acknowledgments for 
 the distinguished honor ; and be assured also of my hearty 
 thanks to you personally, and to the officers and men of 
 your regiment universally, for the courtesy and kindness 
 shown me during the march and since we arrived in this 
 city. It will be a great pleasure to me hereafter to cher 
 ish the recollection of our acquaintance, and to remain 
 associated as an honorary member of your distinguished 
 corps." 
 
 But the regiment, after a few weeks at Camp Cameron, 
 began to be eager for more active work. A letter in the 
 New York Tribune, dated from the camp, May 21st, very 
 well expresses this anxiety in saying : 
 
 " It is a curious fact, but none the less true on that account, that we 
 have to look for news almost exclusively to the New York papers, and 
 that, too, not only in relation to items of general interest, but actually 
 in reference to our own movements. 
 
 " The rumors about the camp would, I judge, average about fifty per 
 diem. One man, who has been all night on guard, will rush into his tent 
 at about 5 A. M., and surprise his half-awakened tent-mates by an 
 oracular announcement : Well, boys, we are going to march to Harper s 
 Ferry. When ? asks one. Who says so ? inquires a less san 
 guine man. Are you joking? asks a third ; and a hasty but emphatic 
 4 Don t know, answers all three at once. And then follow specula 
 tions, surmises, doubts, expressions of anxious, eager delight at the pros 
 pect of getting something to do, instead of lying idle here, growing fat. 
 
188 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 It is useless to attempt to conceal the fact that the regiment is abso 
 lutely aching for some work. I never saw in my life a happier, more 
 contented set of men than those who left Annapolis as advance detach 
 ment, for then they really had good reason to believe, I may almost say 
 to knoiu, that there was actual work, serious work, before them. But 
 now for the want of excitement, I do not say of work in the way of 
 constant drills, the men are going into all sorts of quiet deviltry, and 
 
 some of it not so very quiet either 
 
 " There is the inevitable question of being sent home. Orders will 
 be out to-morrow ; No, they won t ; * I heard that we were to go 
 home next week/ Two months longer, sings out another man. 
 What, and do nothing ? Then to while away spare minutes, I can 
 not say hours, come bayonet fencing, gymnastic exercises, games of 
 ball, mock parades, funerals of salt junk, etc." 
 
 The time for the "forward movement" was nearer at 
 hand than this writer anticipated. When and how it was 
 made we shall now proceed to narrate. But first, however, 
 we must record an interesting event which immediately 
 preceded it. 
 
 Many ladies of New York, the kindred of its members, 
 had joined in making the regiment a beautiful silk flag, 
 a national flag, perfectly simple, the staff of lance-wood, 
 with a silver spear-head. The colors were sent to the 
 regiment through Mr. Frederick Prime of Edgewood, West- 
 chester County, New York, at whose suggestion Adjutant- 
 General Thomas was requested to make the formal presen 
 tation. On the day originally appointed for the ceremony 
 the colors did not arrive ; but on the 23d of May the pre 
 sentation took place at twilight of a beautiful day, after 
 dress parade, in presence of the President and his family, 
 and five thousand enthusiastic spectators. 
 
 A salute of thirteen guns announced the arrival of the 
 President, who, accompanied by General Thomas and 
 Colonel Leiferts, inspected the regimental line, and then 
 returned to his barouche. The regiment then formed 
 square, and General Thomas, advancing, banner in hand, 
 said : 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 189 
 
 "SOLDIERS or THE GALLANT SEVENTH, I stand before you this 
 day as the representative of a large number of the ladies of New York, 
 to present to you this beautiful banner, prepared by them. I hold in 
 my hand a book, with lines of dedication, containing the autographs of 
 one hundred and seventeen ladies. Why this honor has fallen on me, 
 when others in higher station and more competent to perform the pleas 
 ing duty could readily have been chosen, I know not, except that, hav 
 ing for the last few years been stationed in their city, I thus became 
 known to them, and they considered me almost a New-Yorker. This 
 crowning act of theirs, however, makes me almost altogether a New- 
 Yorker. It seems quite superfluous for me to speak of the Seventh, for 
 its fame as an excelsior regiment is known far and wide ; yet still there 
 are some incidents which I cannot overlook. That revered chieftain, 
 the greatest captain of the age, near whose person it has been my hap 
 piness to serve, has repeatedly said, The Seventh is a national regi 
 ment. Its organization is complete, its drill perfect, its personnel the 
 flower of our New York youth. But to show its title to being consid 
 ered a national regiment. When the State of Virginia desired to 
 receive the remains of one of her sons, a departed President, this regi 
 ment came forward and escorted the honored remains to the capital of 
 that State. And when honor was to be done in the dedication of a 
 statue of the Father of his Country here in the city bearing his name, 
 and which he founded, the Seventh was the regiment sent for that duty. 
 And when the government of our beloved country was in danger of 
 overthrow, and its capital likely to be seized by traitors, the Seventh, 
 on the first note of alarm, sprung to arms, and hastened to the place 
 of danger to help to defend everything most sacred to a true loyal 
 American. The effect of this movement no one can estimate so well 
 as those of us present in our capital. Our General-in-Chief, with the 
 approval of the administration, had hastily assembled such a body of 
 Regulars as were within reach, and enrolled several companies of local 
 militia, inadequate in numbers, but ready to do their best. At this 
 time we were surrounded by enemies, with traitors in our midst, and, 
 worst of all, those of my own profession, on whom the government had 
 a right to look for support. Men taken in their youth, educated, fos 
 tered, sustained, in this time of our need began to fall on every hand, 
 until we knew not whom to trust. Our war-chief rose in sublimity, 
 and made preparations for defence. Then came that great upheav 
 ing of the North and West which satisfied us that the government 
 would be sustained, and every loyal heart throbbed with gratitude to 
 the God of battles who had provided us deliverance, that Supreme 
 Being who ruleth in the heavens and on the earth, and doeth all 
 
190 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 things well. Then it was that you came forward, with bayonets far 
 more in number than you ever paraded on any gala-day. And when, 
 after great difficulties and delays, you reached the capital, what a thrill 
 pervaded our loyal population. In every direction you could hear, 
 4 The Seventh have come. The anxious week, and especially the 
 dark Sunday, had passed, and we felt secure. This beautiful emblem 
 which I now present is the work of many loved ones of your home. 
 They have devoted the work of their hands to you, and many prayers 
 for God s protecting favor have been breathed over its folds, and many 
 that God give you and them his Holy Spirit for the dear Redeemer s 
 sake. I am especially charged to tell you, that if your country calls 
 you to action, it is their earnest wish that their flag should be carried 
 in your ranks, for, with these colors in your midst, they will feel almost 
 as if they, too, were defending the sacred cause of liberty and right. This 
 great war-cloud coming down from the North and West will soon burst, 
 and burst it must, over the South, and you may soon be called to unfurl 
 this very banner. And if so, recollect that, though you number twelve 
 hundred and fifty, there is a particular stitch dedicated by fair hands to 
 each one of you ; and I charge you most solemnly never to let that stitch 
 be dishonored by a traitorous foe, nor suffer it to be trailed in the dust. I 
 will now read the lines of dedication, and place the banner in your hands." 
 
 These were the lines of dedication : 
 
 " The flag of our country ! What deeper assurance 
 Of sympathy, honor, and trust could we send ? 
 The crown of our fathers unflinching- endurance, 
 
 T is the emblem of all you have sworn to defend, 
 Of freedom and Union, with honor intwined, 
 The cause of the nation, of God and mankind." , 
 
 The bearer of the flag then handed it to Colonel Lefferts, 
 who unfolded it, and held it while the band played the 
 " Star-Spangled Banner." The Colonel then gave it to 
 the ensign of the regiment, and replied as follows : 
 
 " GENERAL, The history of all heroic ages bears testimony to the 
 devotion with which the regimental colors are always regarded. The 
 true soldier turns to them in more than Eastern devotion. They are 
 his rally ing-point of bat le ; and where the clashing of steel tells of the 
 deadliest struggle, its honored folds float proudly in the breeze. To it 
 the straining eye of the soldier ever turns when it is obscured for a mo 
 ment by the smoke of the conflict, and he gathers new courage from the 
 light of his advancing standard, and where that leads he will follow. 
 
CAMP CAMERON. 191 
 
 And if this emblem of his country s glory wavers or is stricken down, 
 he rushes to the rescue, as though with its fall would be cloven down his 
 country s honor and renown. To-day, in this hour of peril and great 
 events, where the destinies of centuries are crowded into the narrow 
 space of days and hours, the fair daughters of our honored State present 
 through you, General, an ensign destined, we hope, to be not only the 
 rallying-point of my command, but the symbol of our country s perma 
 nence and glory. In this our hour of danger an effulgence rays out 
 from its stripes like the halo of glory that encircles the sainted head, 
 while the stars from their field of azure blue reflect the light of harmony 
 and peace to those who recognize its supremacy and power. But to 
 the contemner and the traitor they blaze with wrath, and, as of old, 
 1 the stars will fight against Sisera. Most gratefully then do we ten 
 der our sincere thanks to the fair donors of New York ; and, while we 
 accept the beautiful and appropriate gift, we pledge ourselves that with 
 our consent it shall never falter or fall before any foe, foreign or domes 
 tic, that shall assail the 
 
 Land of the free and the home of the brave. 
 
 " For your kind presentation, and the manner in which you have 
 alluded to my command, you have our joint and sincere thanks." 
 
 Nine hearty cheers were given by the regiment, as the color- 
 bearer took the colors, and passed to his post in the ranks. 
 The following letters relate to the flag : 
 
 I. 
 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, Some threescore young ladies, relatives of the young 
 men of your command, have with their own hands prepared a silk flag, 
 which they very much desire should be presented to the regiment during 
 its absence from our city on its present sacred mission. I am requested 
 to ask your permission that it may be sent to you (it is a national 
 flag, and perfectly simple, the staff made of lance-wood, with a silver 
 spear-head), in the hope that it may be used on all proper occasions, 
 and not kept merely for parade. The contributions made by the young 
 ladies exceed the cost of the silk and mounting of the flag, and they 
 request you to receive and dispose of this money for such useful ends as 
 to your individual judgment may deem advisable. 
 
 I remain, with respect, yours, &c., 
 
 FREDERICK PRIME. 
 
 PELHAM POST-OFFICE, WESTCHESTER Co., N. Y., 
 EUGEWOOD, May 5, 1861. 
 
192 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 II. 
 
 EDGEWOOD, May 10, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS. 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, .... Your suggestion as to a record of the names 
 of the donors will be met by a small volume containing the autographs 
 of the contributors, and opening with a few lines of presentation. 
 Many of the names subscribed are peculiarly associated with the Revo 
 lutionary history of our city. The first signatures are those of the 
 grand-daughters of John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and General Clark- 
 son, aid to General Washington, and of the daughter of Comfort Sands, 
 who was the last surviving member of the Committee of Safety of the 
 city. The intention was to send the flag to you, but if you prefer that 
 some other person should act for the donors, I would suggest Adjutant- 
 General Thomas of the United States Army, unless you deem it in 
 expedient to make the request. I enclose a note from my daughter 
 to General Thomas, which you will please read and use at your dis 
 cretion 
 
 Yours, &c., 
 
 FREDERICK PRIME. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 
 
 193 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 
 
 ITH the record of this last 
 charming and impressive 
 scene, let us gather togeth 
 er and break the thread of 
 our story of Camp Cameron 
 life, passing by numberless 
 details of its commingled 
 duties and pastimes. 
 
 One feeling alone marred 
 the delight of. camp ex 
 perience, impatience for 
 more strenuous action. It 
 was an impatience shared, 
 however, by every patriot 
 in the land, a fatal im 
 patience, resulting in the 
 repulse at Manassas. The 
 daily departure of comrades 
 as officers of new regiments 
 
 created a feverish anxiety in others to follow their example. 
 Everywhere the wish was for one more tour of service in 
 the field as a regiment, one expedition into the enemy s 
 country, before the thirty days should expire, and then a 
 quick return to New York, a sight of friends and families 
 so suddenly left, of business so suddenly dropped, and then 
 and there deliberate preparation for the future. As for the 
 immediate object of the march, the safety of Washington, 
 
 13 
 
194 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 that had been accomplished, since twenty regiments had 
 already followed the Seventh over the road from Annap 
 olis to Washington. " You went to Washington," wrote 
 Paymaster Kemp from New York to one of the officers, as 
 early as May 13, " with the positive understanding (and 
 this position is proven by General Sandford s order) that 
 you were to hurry 011 to the capital, to be relieved as soon 
 as a sufficient body of troops should be there to take your 
 place. You have, or will have in a day or two, more than 
 enough. Thousands are here quarrelling because they are 
 not sent forward ; our city requires you back. In these 
 exciting times, a spark may set the city in a blaze. We 
 here are without arms, without a nucleus to rally around in 
 case of riot. We all suppose our wars are to be sustained 
 either by volunteers or by draft. Should our country need 
 you again hereafter, I do not question that our boys would 
 be ready, as they always are, to answer any demand upon 
 their services." 
 
 Nevertheless, the fact that their term of service was soon 
 to expire, and that the o*bject of their march had been ac 
 complished, did not diminish the feverish impatience, even 
 of the hundreds who were preparing to return to the war, 
 for one more "forward movement" as a regiment before 
 the muster out. 
 
 This desire was, happily, to be gratified. To a few of the 
 throng that witnessed the flag presentation just described 
 the ceremony had a deep significance. On that day, Colo 
 nel Lefierts had received the following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON, May 23, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, New York Seventh Infantry. 
 
 SIR, Please have your regiment at the head of Long Bridge by two 
 o clock to-night, and let them march without music or noise, and report 
 to Colonel Heintzelman, United States Army. 
 
 MANSFIELD, B. G. Com d g. 
 
 I shall be glad to see you at my office immediately. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 195 
 
 Such was the initial order, so far as concerns the Seventh 
 Regiment, of General Scott s famous occupation of Arling 
 ton Heights, a movement without which Washington 
 would have fallen a prey to any hostile force able to seize 
 and hold these important positions. It is famous in history 
 also as the first reconnoissance in force of the war, the first 
 forward movement, the first " invasion " of the soil of 
 Virginia. From that night there was war a V entrance . 
 
 When the companies had been marched to their quarters 
 after the flag presentation, the captains announced the 
 orders they had received for the march. The tumultuous 
 and long-continued cheers, the joy that beamed in every 
 face, the fire that flashed in every eye, told how eagerly 
 the news had been watched for, and how sweet was the 
 prospect of duty and danger. " The instant," says the 
 Tribune correspondence, " the ranks were broken in the 
 company streets, cheers upon cheers arose from right to 
 left at the joyful intelligence." The Times correspond 
 ent from the camp says : " The prayers and hopes, the 
 substance of all our songs, have now a prospect of a speedy 
 fruition. At 7 P. M., last night, when the captains of 
 the different companies told their men the orders they had 
 just received from Colonel Lefferts, the enthusiasm and joy 
 defied description. It was not hushed at 6 tattoo or at 
 taps, but continued until each man stepped forward on 
 our beautiful lawn, at twenty minutes after one this morn 
 ing Last night will never be forgotten by our Na 
 tional Guard ; nor will Washington, or the entire country, 
 forget an event which marks an epoch in the great struggle 
 which was really commenced when the ten thousand left 
 Washington, each eager for the fray, and all and every man 
 of them true as steel to his God, his country, and his starry 
 flag." No one knew what was in store, whether a march 
 or a battle, a movement with the support of few troops or 
 many. It was enough to know that the march was towards 
 
196 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the enemy, that every report and rumor declared the first 
 great blow of the war was to be struck, and that the Seventh 
 was to engage in the conflict. 
 
 Two companies, however, the Ninth and Tenth, did not 
 share the general exhilaration, but walked about with rueful 
 faces. They were to remain in charge of the camp, while 
 the eight infantry companies marched, and " their disap 
 pointment and disgust," says one letter, " were immense. 
 A few members were accepted as volunteers in other com 
 panies, and were in high feather till their captains sent a 
 sergeant through the camp to bring in all stragglers." " It 
 is said we are to follow," writes one of the Ninth Com 
 pany, " in charge of the baggage. I hope so." " What a 
 happy thousand were the line companies ! " writes Win- 
 throp. " How their suppressed ardor stirred ! No want of 
 fight in those lads ! Every man was merry, except two 
 hundred, who were grim. These were the two artillery 
 companies." - The following were Colonel Lefferts s in 
 structions to Captain Farrar, Company K, dated 11 p. M., 
 May 23d : - 
 
 " Sm, You will immediately parade your company, and relieve from 
 further duty the present camp-guard. As soon as the regiment leaves 
 the ground, all persons except those in uniform must be excluded from 
 the camp-ground. Any friends wishing to see members of the regiment 
 can do so at the Colonel s head-quarters. There is a large amount of 
 property in camp, and you must exercise the utmost vigilance and care. 
 You will have one prisoner in the camp-ground. He is to be held until 
 further notice." 
 
 The orders were to march without knapsacks, in light 
 marching order, with one day s rations in haversacks, and 
 forty rounds per man in the cartridge-boxes. The evening 
 was spent, therefore, in distributing rations and ammuni 
 tion, in filling canteens and haversacks, in looking to 
 muskets and equipments, in stowing away property in the 
 tents, in packing knapsacks to be sent on, perhaps, after- 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 197 
 
 wards, and in writing final letters home. One of these 
 letters, from a member of the Sixth Company, says : " The 
 rumors are various and conflicting. The most reliable 
 seems to be, that several thousand men are to be landed at 
 Alexandria to-night. We may march by ten or twelve 
 o clock. This may very probably precipitate a hostile 
 movement and open the fighting. The men are sending 
 off hurried letters and completing necessary arrangements. 
 All are very busy. We only know and feel that we are 
 doing our duty, and that the country is with us." 
 
 At one o clock, A. M., the companies formed line, and the 
 column noiselessly filed down the Avenue. Was it for 
 Harper s Ferry or Alexandria ? The drummers turned up 
 the road to the former point, but Colonel Lefferts hurried 
 forward and moved them in the opposite direction. " Al 
 exandria ! " said some of the men ; " Hurrah for Rich 
 mond!" said others. "None cared where," says one letter, 
 " so long as we had at last a chance for active duty." Each 
 carried his full canteen and haversack, and his stout army 
 blanket rolled and thrown over the left shoulder, with the 
 ends tied at the right thigh. 
 
 It was a magnificent summer s night, the full moon gleam 
 ing as lustrous as when, a month before, she shone on the 
 same gallant column, forcing its way through the woody 
 defiles beyond Annapolis, in its pioneer march to Washing 
 ton. " Full moon at its fullest, a night more perfect than 
 all perfection, mild, dewy, refulgent," says Winthrop. The 
 glimmer of the moonlight on the polished gun-barrels and 
 the bright faces in the column threw into broader contrast 
 the dim objects around, half veiled by the shade of the trees. 
 The tramp of a thousand men moving as one echoed through 
 Fourteenth Street, and some citizens threw up their windows. 
 " A hag in a nightcap reviewed us from an upper window 
 of Willard s Hotel as we tramped by," says Winthrop. 
 " Opposite Willard s," says a letter, " we witnessed curious 
 
198 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and unique apparitions of femininity and masculinity 
 
 All along the street the same spectacle presented itself, and, 
 as we neared the Long Bridge, crowds began to assemble." 
 When near the Washington Monument, the regiment was 
 ordered to halt, to allow the New Jersey brigade, which 
 was behind time, to pass to its place in the column. An 
 hour slipped away, an hour which seemed a moment to 
 such as had dropped asleep on the cobble-stones, and whom 
 the Colonel s call, "Attention, battalion!" started from 
 pacific dreams. " Five of us, tent-fellows when in camp, 
 clustered in a knot on the pavement and slept," says a sol 
 dier s letter. 
 
 Half a mile more, and the Potomac appeared, a broad 
 and beautiful river of molten silver in the reflected moon 
 light ; and hither and thither in the tranquil, delicious 
 night, bayonets flashed on both shores. The secrecy with 
 which the movement had been planned demanded silence 
 in its execution. But when the head of column turned 
 upon Long Bridge, a low murmur of delight ran throughout 
 the ranks. Then the regiment passed the guard stationed 
 to prevent civilians crossing, stretched across the mile of 
 rickety and rotten planks and trembling girders, defended 
 at intervals by earthworks, and at 4, A. M., at the first faint 
 gleam of dawn, stood on Virginia soil.* 
 
 Half a mile farther on the Alexandria Road came orders 
 to halt and stack arms, the Seventh s first bivouac in Vir 
 ginia. A picturesque bivouac it was. The sleepy dropped 
 on the railway track and slept soundly. The active or 
 ganized into impromptu forage parties, laid hold on neigh 
 boring fence-rails (all the fences in Virginia have since been 
 
 * It may be worthwhile here to state the precise nature of Colonel Lefferts s in 
 structions from General Mansfield. In his personal interview with that officer, 
 he had received private instructions to cross the bridge, and if he should not 
 already have seen Colonel Heintzelman, to whom he was to report, then to halt 
 not far beyond the bridge, and, holding his command well in hand, to cover the 
 bridge. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 199 
 
 burned), and soon had fires flaming in the air, and raw 
 pork and ham sizzling and frying in better or worse cook 
 ery. The camp-fires glowing in the gray of morning ; the 
 stacks of arms with canteens, haversacks, and red blankets 
 pendent ; the groups in gay soldiers costume gathered about 
 the embers ; the prone and slumberous figures, with track 
 ties for couches, their blankets for bedding, the iron rail, 
 covered by the coa,t-cape, for a pillow ; recumbent men 
 scattered on the road and in the grass ; the dim and dis 
 tant clusters and fires of other regiments around and ahead, 
 the sun climbing to outshine the paling moon, it was all a 
 memorable picture. 
 
 Broad day came. The troops in advance were seen to be 
 busily intrenching. Mounted orderlies and couriers dashed 
 forth and back, clattered across Long Bridge ; and one aide- 
 de-camp, as he galloped breathlessly by, towards Washing 
 ton, hoarsely called, " Alexandria taken this morning by the 
 Fire Zouaves, Ellsworth killed." The words thrilled like 
 those tidings on the former march of the baptismal blood 
 poured by Massachusetts on the pavements of guilty Balti 
 more. 
 
 And now the mystery of the movement began to clear, 
 reports of its success being fuller and fuller. The story as 
 it has passed into history may be briefly told. Resolving 
 to take permanent possession, without further delay, both of 
 Alexandria and Arlington Heights, which latter com 
 manded Washington, and whence a single hostile battery 
 could have fired the city with its shells, Lieutenant-Gen 
 eral Scott directed General Mansfield to select a suitable 
 force for this twofold purpose and to accomplish it. With 
 great secrecy the plan was formed and executed. Thirteen 
 thousand troops, chiefly volunteers, divided into two col 
 umns, simultaneously, at two o clock on the morning of the 
 24th of May, assembled from a dozen different camps and 
 crossed the Potomac. Ten days previous a steamer had 
 
200 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 dropped anchor off Alexandria, seven miles below Wash 
 ington, and held the city under its guns. The left column 
 descended the Potomac in steamers from the Navy-yard, 
 landed at Alexandria in the gray dawn, seized the telegraph 
 and the railroad, and occupied the town. The gallant 
 young Ellsworth was in immediate command with his Fire 
 Zouaves in advance, and there fell at the outset of the con 
 flict, the Warren of his generation. Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Farnham, but lately of the National Guard, succeeded to 
 his command. 
 
 Meanwhile the right column crossed Long Bridge and 
 Chain Bridge, and while a detachment took Alexandria in 
 reverse, capturing several small bodies of infantry and 
 cavalry which were on picket duty at Alexandria, Arlington 
 Heights, &c., and afterwards extending reconnoissances in 
 various directions, especially towards Fairfax Court-House, 
 the main body, in which the Seventh Regiment found itself, 
 busily went to work intrenching. Such was the move, in 
 fine, which gave to the Union Army the right bank of the 
 Potomac, and its defences, prolonged to thirty or forty miles, 
 and hence virtually the possession of Washington, which its 
 guns commanded. 
 
 Now the sun blazes hotter and hotter as he rises in the 
 heavens. The Jerseymen are bravely at work intrenching 
 on the ridge ahead. Soon the road becomes uncomfortable 
 under the sun. and, scaling the fence, the regiment changes 
 its bivouac to the race-course, and constructs fantastic tents 
 and booths, some of blankets thrown over musket-stacks, 
 or stretched in long lines with bayonets for tent-poles, 
 some of branches of trees, some of rails, anything to keep 
 out the broiling sun. From the race-course is visible the 
 white mansion of General Lee on Arlington Heights. 
 Through clouds of stifling dust, wagons loaded with picks 
 and spades come forward, and everywhere engineers are 
 drawing lines for intrenchments. 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIKGINIA. 201 
 
 The Seventh occupied a point, as we have seen, between 
 Long Bridge and Columbia Spring, on the line of the 
 Washington and Alexandria Railroad, which, with the 
 turnpike, was along the Potomac, and not far from it. The 
 works thrown up by the Jersey brigade were located at 
 the point where the road, after running westerly from the 
 bridge, bends southerly, and aims directly for Alexandria. 
 It was an important position. The task assigned to the 
 Seventh was that of covering Long Bridge, and also of 
 holding itself in readiness, in reserve., for any emergency 
 on any part of the field, an important duty, as might 
 have been expected from the opinions already expressed 
 regarding it by the three officers mainly concerned in the 
 expedition, Generals Scott, Mansfield, and McDowell. 
 
 At 6, P. M., of the 24th, the regiment was ordered for 
 ward to a cedar-grove near Columbia Spring, hard by the 
 redoubt constructing on the Heights, that it might be ready 
 at hand in case of a night alarm. This open wood fur 
 nished a fine place also for a bivouac. Within is an excel 
 lent spring. " Every one," says a letter written that even 
 ing, " is as happy and jolly as possible." The grounds 
 belonged to the Arlington estate, and were sodded and 
 neatly kept. The lawns were deliciously shaded by beauti 
 ful trees of all the local varieties ; and these yielded not 
 only boughs for bivouac tents, but wood for fuel. 
 
 The next morning (Saturday, May 25th), Colonel Lef- 
 ferts, at daylight, sent Captain Viele to the trenches, with 
 a request to the engineer officer in command there that he 
 would allow the Seventh to go to work and relieve the New 
 Jersey regiment, which was constructing the southeastern 
 angle of the redoubt. The latter officer did not relieve the 
 New Jersey regiment, but he accepted the proposal of Colo 
 nel Lefferts in marking out more definitely the southwest 
 ern angle redoubt, and allowing the men of the Seventh to 
 construct it. At once a strong working party was detailed 
 
202 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 from the regiment and went to work. A part, armed with 
 axes, felled a large peach-orchard of several acres, with a 
 few cedars, about three hundred trees in all, which covered 
 the glacis of the work and obstructed it. The rest, with 
 pick and shovel, dug in the trenches. This detail was 
 relieved by others after two hours, and so, with good spirits 
 and cheerfulness, the work went briskly on all day long.* 
 The rain fell in torrents during the morning ; but the sun 
 came out hot afterwards, and dried the men who had been 
 drenched. The noon meal and night meal of crackers and 
 pork were well earned by the hungry and wet diggers ; 
 some country people helped to eke out the rations also, by 
 bringing in for sale a little butter, milk, and bread. At 
 night, sleep was sweet to the tired men, who lay flat on the 
 ground, in the woods, with cartridge-boxes for pillows, and 
 feet to the camp-fires. 
 
 During the evening, Colonel Farnham, of the Fire 
 Zouaves, Ellsworth s successor, visited the camp of the 
 Seventh, and was received with great enthusiasm by the 
 comrades with whom he had made the march from An 
 napolis to Washington. It was his farewell visit. He fell 
 at Bull Run. 
 
 It should have been mentioned, that, the day before the 
 order for the expedition was issued (namely, the 22d), 
 
 * One letter of Saturday speaks of the jokes and badinage of the work: 
 " Arrah ! ye worked betther nor that whin ye was on the Erie Canal. Don t be 
 ashamed o your trade, man. Some of these gentlemen who have been wanting 
 furloughs to go home and attend to their business will have no occasion to go now. 
 And so on until we left the trenches, each relief bringing with their fresh strength 
 new and brilliant supplies of jokes and fun. Still, they did work, and heartily too. 
 Manv an arm is sore, many a back is lame to-day. I have not bled for my coun 
 try exactly, but I can say, with solemn, heartfelt pride, that I have raised blisters 
 for her." 
 
 Another letter, dated Saturday, 4 P. M., says: "The great majority of our 
 men are now digging in the trenches. You should see them at this moment, in 
 the broiling sun, with their red and blue and check flannel shirts, working away 
 like beavers, with pickaxe and spade. The intrenchments are all staked out, 
 with wooden framework in place. The trenches are fairly under way. The New 
 Jersey regiment are at work on the extreme end, and our boys about the centre." 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 203 
 
 General Sandford, having made his appearance in Washing 
 ton and reported at head- quarters for duty, was ordered to 
 assume command of all the New York regiments within the 
 District of Columbia. On the morning after the occupation 
 of Virginia, that is, on the 24th, he established his di 
 visional head-quarters at the Arlington House, and issued 
 next day the following Proclamation : 
 
 PKOCLAMATION FROM GENERAL SANDFORD. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF FAIRFAX, VA., 
 ARLINGTON HOUSE, May 25, 1861. 
 
 Fairfax County being occupied by the troops under my command, I 
 deem it proper to repeat publicly the assurances I have personally given 
 to many of the good citizens about me, that all of its inhabitants may re 
 turn to or remain in their homes and usual pacific occupations, in peace 
 and confidence, and with assured protection to their persons and proj> 
 erty, as the United States forces in Virginia will be employed for no 
 other purpose than that of suppressing unlawful combinations against 
 the constituted authorities of the Union, and of causing the laws thereof 
 to be duly respected and executed. 
 By order of 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL CHAS. W. SANDFORD. 
 GEORGE W. MORELL, Division Inspector. 
 
 On the same (Saturday) morning he sent the following 
 order to Colonel Lefferts, who received it at ten o clock, 
 A. M: 
 
 " Colonel Lefferts will detail a working party from his regiment for 
 duty in the trenches this morning. His regiment will be relieved this 
 afternoon by one of the Massachusetts regiments detailed by General 
 Mansfield, upon the arrival of which the Seventh will return to the 
 camp in Washington City, and wait further orders." 
 
 General Sandford s order, however, having been antici 
 pated, Colonel Lefferts addressed to that officer the following 
 reply : 
 
 IN CAMP, VIRGINIA, May 25, 1861, Ten o clock, A. M. 
 
 SIR, Special order of this date just received. I sent Captain Viele 
 at daylight this morning to the trenches, asking of the engineer in 
 2ommand, as a special favor, that he would allow my men to go to work 
 
204 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and relieve the New Jersey regiment. He consented for us to throw 
 up a new line marked out, and they are now at work, thus anticipating 
 
 so much of your order 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
 Sunday, the 26th, was a day of hard work. Nearly the 
 whole regiment was detailed for digging, felling trees, 
 burning brush, &c. The working parties were made about 
 two hundred strong, and each relief was on from two to 
 three hours. Divine service was held in the morning by 
 the Chaplain, who, at the conclusion, laid down the Scrip 
 tures and took up the shovel, and, heading his congregation 
 of young soldiers, went to work in the trenches, practising 
 as vigorously as he had preached, and illustrating Luther s 
 maxim, Or a et labor a. 
 
 Till evening the Seventh worked untiringly, manning a 
 space of four hundred yards in the trenches. On the other 
 faces of the redoubt the New Jersey Second, Third, and 
 Fourth were engaged. The burning sun would have been 
 almost intolerable but for the havelocks, never so grateful 
 a present as on that oppressive day ; and bathing in the 
 Potomac was doubly refreshing. A Washington telegram 
 says : 
 
 " The heat was oppressive all day, but the plucky men of the Seventh 
 vied, nevertheless, with the hardy yeomen of New Jersey in handling 
 picks, shovels, and wheelbarrows. Only two defensive works are erect 
 ing, one near the end of the Long Bridge, constructed by the New 
 York Seventh and the New Jersey regiments ; and the other directly 
 opposite Georgetown. Both are going up on commanding elevations." 
 
 A letter to a New York paper says : 
 
 " The New York Seventh are highly praised for their pluck and good 
 digging in ditches and trenches in Virginia. Some of them have their 
 hands badly blistered." 
 
 An editorial article in the New York Express says : 
 
 " The correspondents note the gallant Seventh and brave Sixty-Ninth, 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 205 
 
 both at work in the trenches together, night and day, sun and rain, and 
 the former, though more delicately trained, as only second to the latter 
 in the hard work of digging the ercth. The sword and musket, for a 
 season, have given way to the shovel and the pick." 
 
 A private letter says : 
 
 " Our fellows stripped to their shirts and pants, and, with neck and 
 bosoms open, picked and shovelled until red-hot and dripping. We as 
 tonished the United States engineers in charge of the work." 
 
 A Tribune correspondent says : 
 
 " Red shirts and blue, pink and brown, white havelocks and bare heads, 
 were in one jolly confusion. Long shovels and short, picks and wheel 
 barrows, were flying in every direction." 
 
 Each detachment, when relieved, was allowed an hour 
 for bathing ; and it took the opportunity to gather strawber 
 ries, which were abundant. 
 
 It was pleasant for them to see the work rise shapely and 
 strong under their hands, obviously commanding, from its 
 elevation, the railway, road, canal, and river for miles around, 
 and forming a strong advanced tete de pont for Long Bridge, 
 the main road to Washington. It is pleasant now to recall, 
 that, while but two defensive earthworks of magnitude were 
 erected at this period for the protection of the capital, this 
 and the one directly opposite Georgetown, the Seventh 
 Regiment left its handiwork on the larger one, that stout 
 work known in the history of the war as Fort Runyon. 
 
 But its work, and the object of the whole expedition, had 
 now been successfully accomplished. The District of Colum 
 bia forces had already returned to their habitual stations. 
 On the evening of the 26th, Colonel Lefferts received the 
 following flattering acknowledgment and order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, DEPARTMENT WASHINGTON, 26th May, 1861. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding New York Seventh Regiment. 
 
 SIR, Your regiment has accomplished all that was intended, in 
 crossing over to Arlington to take possession of the Heights, having la 
 bored in the intrenchments manfully also. 
 
206 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 The security of this city makes it imperative you should resume ycur 
 encampment on this side, and you will, this afternoon, march over ac 
 cordingly, and hold your regiment here ready to turn out when called 
 upon. 
 
 I would recommend that you afford your command an opportunity to 
 bathe in the canal, if desirable, before you march. 
 Very respectfully, &c., 
 
 JOSEPH K. F. MANSFIELD, 
 
 Brigadier- General and Commanding. 
 
 About sundown the regiment was put en route for its old 
 position as outpost on the Harper s Ferry Road. It left Vir 
 ginia with the feeling that it had taken a worthy share in 
 a movement which had made Washington secure. The 
 occupation of Arlington Heights was the key to the defence 
 of Washington ; from the works thrown up beyond Long 
 Bridge extended afterwards a famous defensive line of 
 enormous proportions, such as no Confederate column, even 
 in the height of victory, ever ventured to assail. Even the 
 army wrecked at Manassas there stranded and was safe. 
 
 The regiment did not wait for a wash in the canal ; how 
 ever, it took an abundant shower-bath, on the way to camp, 
 in the shape of a drenching rain. At 9, P. M., the camp 
 was reached, and the two companies left behind received 
 their worn, wet, and tired comrades with a hearty welcome. 
 " One hand," says a letter, " holding pieces at present 
 arms, the other waving caps, shaking hands, or welcoming 
 by a slap on the shoulders the men as they passed the 
 guard-tent ; the band on the right of the guard playing 
 4 Home Again, while to this music was added the ringing 
 cheeis of the glad fellows who had so reluctantly remained 
 at home while we went to the wars. 
 
 While the Seventh were in Virginia on Saturday, an 
 alarm of attack had been started in Washington. Sher 
 man s Battery dashed across Long Bridge, infantry regi 
 ments followed, and the whole country was aroused by the 
 news of a great battle. Some of the friends of the Seventh 
 
THE SEVENTH IN VIRGINIA. 207 
 
 in New York will remember to this day the anxiety of the 
 25th of May.* 
 
 * Here is a specimen of the despatches which came to the New York papers of 
 that day : 
 
 "ATTACK ON THE TWELFTH AND SEVENTH NEW YORK REGI 
 MENTS. 
 
 " WASHINGTON, May 25, 1861. 
 
 " About eleven o clock this forenoon the picket guard of the Twelfth New York 
 regiment was attacked, half a mile beyond Arlington Heights, by about seven hun 
 dred and fifty infantry of the Rebels. Only a few shots were fired by the Rebels. 
 The guard returned the fire, and hastened to the main body to give the alarm, 
 when the Twelfth Regiment was called to arms. The Seventh New York Regi 
 ment, being near the Twelfth, was also soon in marching order, having been fired 
 upon by a body of cavalry without doing harm. The two regiments the Twelfth 
 and Seventh were soon in line of battle. As soon as the Rebels discovered they 
 were about to be attacked by the Federal forces, they fled. 
 
 " The greatest excitement prevailed in the city. The house-tops were covered 
 with people, anxious to get a glimpse at the expected battle. The Massachusetts 
 Fifth was ready to march in five minutes after receiving the order. The Presi 
 dent s mounted guard, consisting of Georgetown volunteers, formed part of Colonel 
 Ellsworth s funeral cortege, and had hardly reached the depot when the alarm was 
 communicated to them. They immediately started at a full gallop across the 
 bridge, although service cannot be required of them outside. 
 
 " The President, while in the processsion to-day, accompanying the remains of 
 Colonel Ellsworth to the cars, was informed by a courier of stirring hostilities 
 on the Virginia side; General Mansfield was similarly advised, and this was the 
 foundation of the military movements here to-day. A dense smoke was mean 
 while seen on the line of Arlington Heights, and cannonading heard. The latter, 
 however, were funeral minute-guns, and the former probably from camp-fires. 
 The troops now here have been ordered to hold themselves in readiness to march 
 at a moment s notice." 
 
208 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 
 
 HE National Guard, in has 
 tily abandoning everything 
 to rush to the defence of the 
 capital, enlisted for thirty 
 days. That period had now 
 expired ; but the War De 
 partment specially request 
 ed the Seventh, on which 
 so much reliance had been 
 placed, to remain a few 
 days beyond their time, 
 until some dispositions of 
 troops connected with the 
 late movement should be 
 completed. 
 
 This was an appeal which 
 could meet with but one 
 response from the National 
 Guard. Accordingly, when, 
 
 at the battalion drill of Tuesday, May 28th, Colonel Lef- 
 ferts, as Captain Clark states in the " History of the Sec 
 ond Company," " alluded to this subject eloquently and 
 patriotically," the regiment, as one man, expressed a will 
 ingness and a desire to remain in the field and faithfully 
 perform every duty, so long as the government required its 
 services. Returning cheerfully to the routine of camp duty, 
 it observed all drills and other requirements with custom- 
 
A MISSION -ACCOMPLISHED. 209 
 
 ary strictness. The Washington despatch of that morning 
 to the New York Herald thus reports the appeal of Colonel 
 Lefferts to his men : 
 
 " At the regular parade of the Seventh this morning, Colonel Lefferts 
 ordered his men to form square, and, addressing them, said that the 
 thirty days for which the regiment had enlisted had now expired, but 
 that the government was still in want of their services, and that hence he 
 hoped the regiment icould consent to stay as long as it was wanted. Tf it 
 did, those members whose presence was indispensably necessary at home 
 would be granted leave of absence. The question was then put, when 
 the men, with a unanimous shout, expressed their willingness to serve as 
 long as the country wanted them." 
 
 The New York Times correspondent, in the same spirit, 
 says : 
 
 " Early this morning, Colonel Lefferts, at battalion drill, took the 
 sentiment of the Seventh about remaining until ordered home by govern 
 ment, their time having expired. Furloughs were offered to all who 
 wished, but only five out of twelve hundred and twenty-five asked for 
 them. I can inform you officially that the government wish the Seventh 
 here for a few days. When feeling perfectly secure, they will be ordered 
 to return home." 
 
 While such was the conduct of the Seventh, it is due to 
 mention that the sentiment of a majority of the regiment, 
 as reported by the company officers to Colonel Lefferts, 
 favored a temporary return to New York whenever the gov 
 ernment should signify its desire to release the organization 
 from service. That it could have been otherwise will 
 hardly be imagined by any one who for a moment con 
 siders the circumstances under which the National Guard 
 so suddenly started to Washington. Families had been 
 left unprovided for ; extensive businesses had been dropped, 
 and, in the general derangement of finance, were going to 
 ruin ; commercial positions had been sacrificed, and the 
 call of the country had alone been heard. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts had announced, by authority of the gov 
 ernment, that only a few days additional service was de- 
 u 
 
210 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 sired, and, as has already been seen, there was enthusi 
 astic unanimity in the response to his earnest appeal ; but 
 a few hours later, on the same day, Colonel Lefferts received 
 from one of his company officers the following note, whose 
 terms were direct and decisive : 
 
 ." I have had a personal interview with every member of our company 
 now in camp. There is perfect unanimity of sentiment, and that is to 
 stay two or three days longer. 
 
 " The sentiment is equally unanimous not to stay beyond Saturday at 
 the latest. The members of this company are unanimous in saying that 
 they will be obliged to go on that day, if not before relieved. I hope 
 you will be able to make arrangements so that this company, which has 
 so nobly responded to your request, may go home at that time with honor, 
 and before that time if possible. I wish you distinctly to understand, 
 that this unanimity has been obtained upon your assurance that we are 
 to go home by Saturday next, at the latest." 
 
 Of course there were no two interpretations to be put upon 
 this missive, and Colonel Lefferts promptly exerted himself 
 to see that the desires of the government and the regiment, 
 which seemed to agree, were carried out. At first, however, 
 some question was raised in New York as to whether any 
 troops who had once gone to the front should ever return, 
 even when mustered out, " till the war was over." But this 
 feeling, which chiefly arose from a popular misapprehension 
 that " the affair would be ended in sixty days," was dispelled, 
 when it became known that hundreds of those who were 
 desirous to return purposed, as soon as possible, to hurry 
 back " to the front " in the higher stations which were now 
 every day pressed upon them. This generous response of 
 the regiment to his appeal relieved from anxiety Colonel 
 Lefferts, who, their lawful time having expired, was forced 
 to rely greatly upon the voluntary action of his officers and 
 men ; and, on the other hand, the unanimity reported to him 
 as existing among his own men, showed that the present 
 campaign could not be prolonged beyond the time already 
 specified. Among the many letters received at this time, 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 211 
 
 in New York, from the regiment, and now placed at the 
 service of the writer, is one from Colonel Lefferts, from 
 which I extract a few lines : 
 
 " The time for which we were mustered into the service expired on 
 Sunday, and I found the largest part of my regiment desirous to return. 
 Their sacrifices have been very great, and I know they should return ; 
 but much depends on the next few days, during which the government 
 is desirous that we should remain. At the drill, this morning, I ad 
 dressed the men, pointed out our position, and received a most en 
 couraging response : they would all willingly stay a few days longer. 
 Some, to whom I had granted furloughs, returned them to me, and said 
 they would stand by me, come what would." 
 
 With reference to the unanimity of sentiment reported to 
 him by his officers, he wrote : 
 
 "The regiment are not divided. They- will move, as they always 
 have done, together" 
 
 In a thoughtful and appreciative article, the New York 
 Tribune at this time said : 
 
 " Our Seventh Regiment is coming home at the expiration of the 
 thirty days for which it was mustered into service. This is well. A war 
 such as that before us requires soldiers enlisted for its duration. Of such 
 there will be no lack, and they are in rapid process of organization. To 
 this end our means and arms should be addressed, leaving our uniformed 
 militia at home as a body always ready and always to be relied on in 
 any sudden peril. Such was that which menaced Washington when the 
 Seventh marched forth so instantaneously to its rescue, and it is not too 
 much to say that the arrival of the Seventh New York and Eighth 
 Massachusetts Regiments did save Washington from attack. For this 
 the regiment went. The peril was great, and they knew it, and were 
 anxious to encounter it. That peril is now past ; and we speak advisedly 
 when we say that it was the wish and decision of the General-in-Chief 
 that this fine regiment should be restored to its home, available in twelve 
 hours from this city for any future call, and ready as they are available. 
 
 " Let us then welcome back our gallant Seventh, proud of what" they 
 have done, and confident that no call can be made upon them in mo 
 ments of danger that they will not answer with a will and with like 
 good result." 
 
 On the evening of the 30th of May, in presence of a large 
 number of distinguished officers, the regiment, having been 
 
212 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 formed in square, was formally addressed in a farewell 
 speech, in behalf of the government, by the Secretary of 
 War, General Cameron. " He began," says the report, " by 
 paying a graceful compliment to the regiment for the ear 
 nest promptness with which they had responded to the 
 President s call for volunteers to come forward to Washing 
 ton for the defence of the capital, so fraught with hallowed 
 national associations. They had come ready to sacrifice 
 their lives, if necessary, for the cause of the Union, and on 
 their route had passed through dangers which had tried 
 their courage and fortitude to the fullest extent. They had 
 come as defenders of their country, offering themselves at a 
 moment when the government and the nation at large were 
 burdened with gloom and apprehension ; and the joyous 
 welcome accorded them was never more worthily bestowed. 
 In the name of the government, he thanked not only them, 
 but the liberal city which had sent them, and the devoted 
 families which had spared them to undergo any perils that 
 might ensue in behalf of the land of their love. They had 
 remained until now the imminent danger had passed away. 
 But the struggle was not over, and he knew that when they 
 were wanted again they would come as swiftly and man 
 fully, and with the same ,self-sacrificmg devotion, as before. 
 The contest was one in which a free people were determined 
 to exhibit before the world their capacity for self-govern 
 ment, and to confirm their power to preserve and perfect 
 the free institutions which had given its chief glory to this 
 land. As he had before said, there might be a necessity 
 for those whom he addressed to rejoin this patriot army. 
 Yes, he said, we may meet again. The same feeling 
 which prompted you, when you first heard that your country 
 was in danger, will once more, if need be, rally you in her 
 defence. It is not for me to determine when this struggle 
 will end. But I may say how it shall end. Sooner or later 
 it can have but one conclusion, and that will be when the 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 213 
 
 disturbing cause which gave rise to it is utterly obliterated. 
 Again I thank you. You will return to meet that cordial 
 welcome always tendered to the brave, that honorable 
 recognition won by those who have passed with manful 
 fidelity through the labors and perils allotted therein. 
 
 As probably no volunteer or militia regiment was ever 
 dismissed from national service with such distinguished 
 attention from the War Office, so none surely ever received 
 a more complimentary mustering-out order than that which 
 General Thomas, Adjutant-General of the army, now handed 
 to Colonel LefTerts. It read as follows : 
 
 SPECIAL ORDER, No. 146. 
 
 WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT GENERAL S OFFICE, 
 WASHINGTON, D. C., May 30, 1861. 
 
 The commanding officer of the Seventh Regiment of New York 
 Volunteers will proceed with his regiment to the city of New York, 
 where it will be mustered out of the service of the United States by 
 Lieutenant M. Coggswell, Eighth Infantry. 
 
 It is the desire of the War Department, in relinquishing the services 
 of this gallant regiment, to make known the satisfaction that is felt at 
 the prompt and patriotic manner in which it responded to the call for 
 men to defend this capital, when it was believed to have been in peril, 
 and to acknowledge the important service which it rendered by appear 
 ing here in an hour of dark and trying necessity. 
 
 The time for which it had engaged to serve has now expired, the ser 
 vice which it was expected to perform has been handsomely accom 
 plished, and its members may return to their native city with the assur 
 ance that its services are gratefully appreciated by all good and loyal 
 citizens, whilst the government is equally confident, that, when the 
 country again calls upon them, their appeal will not be made in vain to 
 the young men of New York. 
 
 By order, 
 
 L. THOMAS, Adjutant-General. 
 
 In compliance with this order, Colonel Lefferts directed 
 the regiment to parade at half past three o clock of the fol 
 lowing afternoon, in overcoats, armed and equipped for the 
 march ; each soldier carrying his canteen, haversack, two 
 
214 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 days rations, and his blankets rolled and strapped upon his 
 knapsack. 
 
 Soon Camp Cameron was a wreck of its former self. Near 
 midnight a serenading party, composed of the regimental 
 band and five files of men, bearing torches, under command 
 of Lieutenant Bostwick, drew up in front of the President s 
 mansion, and performed patriotic airs. Mr. Lincoln and 
 his family sat at the open window. Thence the party went 
 to the residence of Secretary Seward, who addressed them 
 as follows : 
 
 " I see in my visitors to-night my friends and neighbors of the State 
 of New York. I have ever thought, I have always known, that the 
 Union would not be worth much without the State of New York ; and by 
 the events that are now progressing, New York believes that she would 
 not be much without the Union. We live in stirring times. People are 
 trying to abolish Yankee Doodle, Hail Columbia, and the Star-Spangled 
 Banner. And they are also trying that other and greater impossibility, 
 to abolish the Fourth of July. Congress will meet on the Fourth of 
 July, with the country in the midst of a civil war. Let us hope that 
 when it meets again, on the next Fourth of July, we may have peace, 
 harmony, and a restored Union. Gentlemen, will you do me the favor 
 to walk into the houlse and take a glass of wine with me." 
 
 From Secretary Seward s the detachment proceeded to 
 Willard s, and serenaded General McDowell, Major Slem- 
 mer, and General Mansfield, the latter of whom made a 
 short speech, as did his adjutant, Drake de Kay. 
 
 After the orders had been issued for departure, an alarm 
 came from the Virginia shore, and Colonel Lefferts received 
 from General Mansfield instructions to u be careful against 
 a surprise to-night from Harper s Ferry" The night 
 passed, however, without disturbance ; and, the rumor of 
 hostile movement proving baseless, Colonel Lefferts, who 
 had again proposed to retain the regiment, resumed, on the 
 31st, arrangements for departure. The camp equipage was 
 sold to the government, and the camp furniture, fixtures, 
 utensils, provisions, &c. were sent as a gift to the Ninth 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 215 
 
 New York Volunteers, " the generous donations filling," 
 says a daily paper, " ten large army-wagons." A consider 
 able sum of money was also given by members of the regi 
 ment to the Washington Monument Society. 
 
 Just before the regiment was ready to march, General 
 Sandford sent in haste to Colonel Lefferts the following 
 letter : - 
 
 WASHINGTON, May 31, 1861. 
 
 COLONEL, I have just received intelligence, through the highest mili 
 tary sources, that there was a collision yesterday on Federal Hill, Baltimore, 
 between the pickets of our troops and some of the Baltimore rowdies, in 
 which three of the latter were shot. A great excitement prevails there, 
 and I am advised that it is imprudent to let the Seventh go through 
 Baltimore at night. This opinion is from the highest sources. I deem it, 
 my duty, therefore (whilst I omit to issue an order), to advise you to 
 defer your departure until an early hour to-morrow morning. 
 I am, very truly, your obedient servant, 
 
 CIIAS. W. SANDFORD. 
 
 Besides this letter from Sandford, Colonel Lefferts re 
 ceived word to the same effect from General Scott. 
 
 It seemed a perplexing question ; but it was at once de 
 cided to march through Baltimore at night, not from any 
 idle desire to precipitate a contest, but because this seemed 
 the path of duty. If Baltimore was still in condition to 
 resist the passage of Union troops, the Seventh, which had 
 opened the way to Washington, could not do better service 
 than in opening the way back. The Colonel therefore de 
 clined to accept the advice of General Sandford, but ordered 
 the regiment to proceed with fixed bayonets and muskets 
 loaded. 
 
 At half past three, P. M., of May 31st, the regiment broke 
 camp, and marched to the depot over the dusty highway. 
 Here a new difficulty presented itself. The railroad author 
 ities had been advised by " the railway officers of- the War 
 Department " to transfer the regiment to Locust Point sta 
 tion, there to be ferried across, in order to avoid a inarch 
 
216 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 through the city. The following telegram was received by 
 Colonel Lefferts, on the morning of the 31st, from Balti 
 more, from W. Prescott Smith, of the Baltimore and Ohio 
 Railroad : 
 
 " Our agent at Washington telegraphs me that you stated you would 
 march your regiment through Baltimore. Permit me to advise you, that, 
 by direction of the Railway Officers of the War Department to-day, we 
 have arranged with Bay steamers and Philadelphia road to transfer you 
 at the harbor from our Locust Point station to Canton. This will 
 obviate any march here, and greatly facilitate your movements." 
 
 This telegram verified inferentially the rumor spoken of * 
 by Generals Scott and Sandford regarding the opposition 
 preparing in Baltimore, and in addition appeared to show, 
 as General Sandford had said, that the War Department 
 held the same view as himself in the matter. However, it 
 did not offer any additional reason why the Seventh should 
 not inarch through the city in spite of the reported mob. 
 Instead, therefore, of accepting this change of railroad ar 
 rangements under the suggestion of the War Department, 
 it was resolved not to do so unless a peremptory order 
 should come from the Department which could not be dis 
 obeyed. Accordingly the Colonel, at quarter past six, P. M., 
 marched his regiment, and despatched the following mes 
 sage to Superintendent Smith : 
 
 * ON THK TRAIN, May 31, 1861. 
 
 " Your despatch received. Was it the order of the War Department . 
 to go to Locust Point ? Does any cause exist why we should not march 
 from depot to depot ? I of course wish to obey instructions. Answer 
 at Relay House." 
 
 At the Relay House, Colonel Lefferts received the follow 
 irig telegram from Superintendent Smith : 
 
 " We were directed specifically from Washington, by the General Rail 
 way Managers for War Department, to arrange for your transfer at 
 Locust Point. We have to do so, and to change it at this late hour 
 would make delay and confusion. But for this, no cause would exist 
 why you should not march from depot to depot as you prefer. The plan 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 217 
 
 arranged is more expensive and troublesome to us, but will facilitate 
 yours. We will take you to Locust Point accordingly." 
 
 It now only remained to appeal to Washington, and this 
 Colonel Lefferts did at once, and was gratified at receiving 
 permission to " use his own judgment," with assurance 
 that his wishes should be conformed to. Accordingly 
 he sent word to Superintendent Smith at Baltimore : 
 " We prefer to inarch from depot to depot, as no reason 
 seems to exist why we should not." And such, in fine, 
 was the arrangement consummated. Arriving at Balti 
 more, Colonel Lefferts carefully formed his regiment in line, 
 broke it into column, and, placing himself at the head, 
 started for the Camden Station through the city, mainly 
 over the route taken by the Sixth Massachusetts. The 
 regiment, 1,250 strong, with its battery and baggage, made 
 an imposing appearance. It arrived unchallenged at the 
 other depot, and thence, starting about midnight, reached 
 Philadelphia at ten o clock on the morning of June 1st. 
 Proceeding forthwith down Prime Street to the wharf, it 
 took the steamboats Fashion and Washington for Camden, 
 thence to move on to New York. 
 
 What reception was in store from the great city that had 
 so shouted and wept when, six weeks before, taking their 
 lives in their hands, they had set out to hew a path to 
 Washington ? Strange as it now reads, this question the 
 regiment asked itself with some misgiving ; for at that 
 frenzied epoch, a few fickle people, forgetting their recent 
 worship of the regiment, had clamored that it ought to 
 keep its colors at the front " till the end of the war," on 
 the ground that " the Rebellion would be crushed in ninety 
 days." They ungraciously contrasted its return with the 
 conduct of the three months and other regiments from the 
 same State, forgetting the fundamental difference that these 
 latter had taken time to prepare themselves for a long stay, 
 
218 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and had taken not only time, but measures, to so prepare 
 themselves, by carrying a majority of recruits to the war, 
 who had joined for that very purpose, while the Seventh 
 had gone at once, and first, and had carried wholly its own 
 members, for the instant rescue and safety of Washington. 
 However, this ungracious criticism was temporary in du 
 ration, and limited even then to few people. The great 
 heart of the city went out in warm welcome. All the 
 press was cordial in its greeting. It was recalled that 
 the order from Albany, in accordance with which the 
 Seventh marched, was one detailing them " for immediate 
 service, to be reported forthwith to the President of the 
 United States, to serve until relieved by other regiments, 
 or by a regiment or regiments of volunteer militia " ; and 
 that the Seventh had already done a great deal more vol 
 untarily than this order contemplated. " The suddenness 
 of the call upon them," said a leader in the Evening Post, 
 " and their promptitude in responding to it, placed them in 
 circumstances very different from those of the New York 
 regiments which followed them. They necessarily left 
 their business affairs in an unsettled condition. They did 
 not allow any considerations to interfere with their patriot 
 ism and sense of duty. All personal matters were put in 
 abeyance. They did not fill up their ranks with recruits, 
 but went in a body just as they were. Other regiments 
 waited for recruits, and, while waiting, had time to arrange 
 their private affairs, while those who could not make satis 
 factory arrangements stayed at home. In fact the Seventh, 
 being the most perfectly drilled and equipped regiment, 
 hurried off to hold the ground until the others could get 
 ready to relieve them ; and it is only fair and right that they 
 should now come home to arrange their affairs, as others 
 did before they went. No one can doubt, that, should the 
 government hereafter require their services for any period, 
 or for the war, they will promptly give them." The Her- 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 219 
 
 aid s leader, in the same spirit, said: "We believe the 
 administration and General Scott, in pursuance of the vol 
 untary engagement entered into with the Seventh Regi 
 ment of New York Militia, when they requested it to come 
 temporarily to Washington in the hour of need, have given 
 orders for its return at the end of its month of service ; and 
 unless stirring events or the public exigencies should re 
 quire their detention, this gallant corps will probably be 
 home in a day or two. It gave the first impetus to the ris 
 ing of the North. The regiment started upon a notice of 
 thirty-six hours, with full ranks, consisting of its active and 
 exempt members (three fourths of the whole), and no re 
 cruits. Its marching numbers exceeded by one hundred 
 and fifty its muster on any gala-day in its history. No 
 other city regiment had more than three hundred of its 
 real members on starting. The rest are all recruits. 
 Many of the members of the Seventh left families behind 
 unprovided for, and, from its sudden departure, others had 
 no time to arrange their business matters, which have been 
 neglected ever since. Several of them are bankers and 
 merchants, and have suffered severely. One of the princi 
 pal officers is said to have failed from that cause, and 
 others are on the brink of ruin. This regiment has ren 
 dered good service. It proceeded to the capital when dan 
 ger stared it in the face, and when it might have had to 
 stand the first shock of the enemy, and when it was ex 
 pected that it must fight its way through to Washington." 
 The " Veterans," on their part, had long before ex 
 pressed their desire to give a hearty greeting to their 
 younger brethren, and Adjutant Asher Taylor had ex 
 pressed this desire in the following communication to 
 Colonel Lefferts : 
 
 " I arrived at home last evening, very much gratified at all I saw and 
 heard of our regiment at Washington, especially at its splendid con 
 dition, and am deeply moved by the solicitude expressed by all I meet 
 
220 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 for its safe return, and the- welfare of its members. It is the heart s 
 blood of New York. I am directed by Colonel Stevens to ask if it would 
 be agreeable to you to have a reception by the National Guard Reserve, 
 of which he is the commander. He had a very satisfactory battalion 
 drill of his command last evening, mustering some three or four hundred, 
 all that arms could be provided for. Please command us in anything 
 we can do for you or for the regiment." 
 
 On the 31st of May it was determined that the reserve 
 should assemble at nine o clock, A. M., of the following day, 
 leave the armory by companies, form regimental line at 
 Lafayette Place, and march to Cortlandt Street Ferry, in 
 season to escort the returned volunteers to the armory. 
 It was further resolved that only veteran or exempt mem 
 bers of the regiment should be allowed to parade. On the 
 same day the Executive Committee of the Union Defence 
 Committee held a meeting, and passed the following reso 
 lutions : 
 
 Resolved, That this committee desire to express their cordial recog 
 nition of the efficient services rendered to the cause of the country, at a 
 critical emergency of its public affairs, by the Seventh Regiment of New 
 York State Militia, commanded by Colonel Marshall Lefferts ; and shar 
 ing fully in the general feeling of gratification which pervades the com 
 munity at learning that the Commanding General of the United States 
 Army, under the sanction of the President of the United States, has 
 acknowledged, in special general orders, " the important service rendered 
 by that regiment in an hour of dark and trying necessity," the com 
 mittee desire to unite their congratulations with those of their fellow- 
 citizens in extending a welcome hand to cheer the return of a body of 
 soldiers who have conferred such high honor on the city of New York. 
 
 Resolved, T nat this committee will take pleasure in attending the re 
 ception to be given to the Seventh Regiment on its arrival in this city 
 to-morrow. 
 
 Resolved, That these proceedings be published, and a copy furnished 
 
 to Colonel Lefferts. 
 
 J. J. ASTOR, JR., 
 
 Chairman pro tern. Executive Committee. 
 PROSPER M. WETMORE, 
 
 Secretary Executive Committee 
 
 At ten o clock, on the morning of June 1st, ladies bearing 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 221 
 
 baskets heaped with exquisite flowers began to decorate the 
 front of the armory, the main entrance, the stairways, and 
 the facings of the Seventh Street entrance. Soon the 
 words " WELCOME HOME " appeared over the arch in ever 
 green letters, beautifully bordered with white and red roses. 
 At one o clock the Reserve, three hundred strong, under 
 the command of Colonel Stevens, marched to Jersey Ferry, 
 and stacked arms. At two o clock a large detachment from 
 the Sickles Brigade, and very many of the officers of that 
 brigade, preceded by one of their bands, joined the escort. 
 Knots of officers from other corps, a body of juvenile 
 " Zouaves," and the Union Defence Committee, all pro 
 ceeded in the same direction ; and a multitude of citizens, 
 including many ladies, thronged the line of march, crowded 
 around the ferry, and filled the railway depot in Jersey 
 City. It was absolutely the pageant of the 19th of April 
 repeated, with the godspeed turned to hearty congratula 
 tion. 
 
 At half past four, p. M., the regiment reached Jersey 
 City, and was greeted by the throngs in the great flag- 
 crowned galleries, and all the neighborhood of the depot, 
 with tumultuous cheers and waving of handkerchiefs. The 
 welcoming crowd was even larger and more enthusiastic 
 here than that which six weeks before had bidden it adieu ; 
 and when the regiment took the ferry-boat, a final shout 
 rent the air, the artillery boomed from the docks, and, as 
 before, the various craft on the river showed their flags, 
 and cheered heartily as the boat steamed across. As for 
 the enthusiasm amid which the men again set foot in New 
 York, those who survive the war still hold it in memory. 
 
 When brief greetings had been exchanged between those 
 who, six weeks before, feared they had parted forever, and 
 when Mr. Astor had presented the Resolutions of the De 
 fence Committee, the Seventh and its escort took up the 
 line of march through Cortlandt Street, Broadway, Union 
 
222 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Square, and Fourth Avenue, to its armory. With the 
 streaming flags and bunting and inscriptions of welcome, 
 the streets thronged with men heartily cheering, every build 
 ing bright with women waving handkerchiefs, the booming 
 of cannon, and the merry peal of the bells of Trinity, with 
 its familiar chimes, the Seventh knew that it had not lost 
 its old place in the love and respect of the Empire City. 
 
 The hotels and public buildings all along the route were 
 covered with flags, and bore scores of such inscriptions as 
 
 these : 
 
 WELCOME. 
 
 BRAVE GUARDS, YOU HAVE PERFORMED YOUR DUTY. 
 
 ALWAYS READY. 
 
 DEFENDERS OF OUR FLAG, WELCOME. 
 GOD BLESS YOU. 
 
 Every on-looker noted some change which six weeks 
 service had wrought, the bronzed and hardy look of the 
 men ; or their uniforms, neat, but worn and travel-stained ; 
 or such little fantastic emblems of campaigning as the 
 black and battered pipes worn in the caps. At the armory 
 the enthusiasm was very great. Mr. Astor, the members 
 of the Union Defence Committee, and other distinguished 
 citizens, had already gathered in the balcony, and it was the 
 purpose of Colonel Lefferts that they should say a word ,to 
 the men in behalf of the citizens of New York. But the 
 spontaneous greetings of the multitude, and the wild excite 
 ment and cheering, made any formal welcome impossible. 
 No one could be heard ; and Colonel Lefferts, simply rais 
 ing and waving the flag amid torrents of applause, abruptly 
 concluded all ceremonies. The companies marched to their 
 rooms, singing and cheering, and a hearty shake of the hand 
 was then ready for friends and kin. Nor was the ovation 
 ended there ; for any soldier who passed from the armorj 
 was cheered again, and cheered as he passed through tho 
 streets to his home. 
 
A MISSION ACCOMPLISHED. 
 
 The same day Colonel Lefferts issued the following or 
 der : 
 
 " The regiment will assemble at Head-quarters, on Monday, 3d instant, 
 at half past one o clock, p. M., fully equipped, for the purpose of being 
 mustered out of the service of the United States by Lieutenant M. Coggs- 
 well, Eighth Infantry U. S. A., who has been assigned that duty. 
 
 " The Colonel takes this opportunity to express to the officers and sol 
 diers his deep sense of the manly virtues and patriotism which have 
 actuated all in their discharge of duty, from the time we received our 
 marching orders for the protection of the Federal capital to the p? esent 
 time ; how far the objects of the mission have been accomplished, and 
 how well the duty has been performed, must be left to the impartial 
 judgment of the future. I congratulate you, brother soldiers, that it was 
 our good fortune to lead the strong and noble army of our good and loyal 
 State, which stands with poised arm to strike down all who may defy 
 the power of the national ensign, which it has planted in the face of 
 those who would trail its sacred folds in the dust. 
 
 " Let it be understood that we are ready, at a moment s warning, to 
 march at the call of the constituted authorities in defence of our flag 
 and country." 
 
 On Monday, the 3d of June, 1861, five-and-forty days 
 after its march on the 19th of April, the regiment was mus 
 tered out of service. The same evening the Board of Coun- 
 cilmen unanimously adopted the following Preamble and 
 Resolutions, offered by Mr. Lent : 
 
 " Whereas, The officers and men of the gallant Seventh Regiment 
 New York State Militia, noted for the alacrity with which they always 
 respond to the call of duty, after having nobly and successfully aided in 
 accomplishing the task of opening the way to and protecting the capital 
 of the nation, whilst in imminent danger, from armed traitors, who be 
 leaguered it on every side, have just returned to our city, where, both as 
 a military organization and as distinguished and patriotic citizens, they 
 have enjoyed a wide-spread reputation, which their soldierly demeanor, 
 united vigilance, and unflagging energy in discharging the arduous duties 
 from which they have just returned prove them to have sd* well merited; 
 Be it therefore 
 
 " Resolved, That we, the Common Council of the city of New York, 
 welcome them back with feelings of joy and gratitude to our city, which 
 feels a just pride in them both as citizens and soldiers, and to their 
 
224 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 families and homes, which they have honored by their noble demeanor, 
 and now make happy by their presence. 
 
 " Resolved, That the clerk of the Common Council have the foregoing 
 Resolutions suitably engrossed, and forward the same to the regiment." 
 
 These Resolutions, being duly passed by the aldermen 
 and approved by the Mayor, were presented, handsomely 
 engrossed, to the regiment. Soon after, the Union Defence 
 Committee made a report of their services, in which they 
 said : 
 
 "Massachusetts may justly claim the merit of having placed the first 
 regiment of citizen defenders of the Constitution in the field, but her 
 patriotic soldiers were promptly followed and speedily outnumbered by 
 those of New York. The Seventh Regiment, commanded by Colonel 
 Marshall Lefferts, so long the pride of the city of New York, abandoned 
 the ties of home and business, arid with an alacrity that has scarcely 
 a parallel in military history, marched its thousand disciplined men 
 steadily to the capital, where it performed, efficiently and faithfully, all 
 its duties, and whence it has returned, at the close of its full term of 
 service, distinguished by the grateful commendation of the President, 
 and the Commanding General of the Army." 
 
OFFERS OF SERVICE. 
 
 225 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 OFFERS OF SERVICE. 
 
 ended, as I have written, 
 the first campaign of the 
 Seventh Regiment as an or- 
 , ganization during the Rebel 
 lion. 
 
 As soon as the regiment 
 was mustered out, its mem 
 bers began to return to the 
 front, " for three years or 
 the war." That date of 
 muster-out was June 3d. 
 Less than ten days there 
 after a list was published 
 of members of the Seventh 
 who had already accepted 
 commissions in the United 
 States service, many be 
 fore the regimental cam 
 paign was ended. This list comprised four colonels, 
 two lieutenant-colonels, two majors, twenty-one captains, 
 seven adjutants, and forty-one lieutenants, several of the 
 latter being in the Regular Army, a total of seventy 
 officers up to that date, in a list announced to be " by 
 no means complete." Very truly had General Scott and 
 General McDowell pronounced this a a regiment of of- 
 cers."* Before winter the blood of the Seventh had 
 
 * " During the recent stay of the Seventh Regiment in Washington, General Scott, 
 15 
 
226 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 crimsoned nearly every battle-field in Virginia. The high- 
 souled and brilliant Wintlirop, on the 10th of June lay 
 dead on the field of Big Bethel, in the uniform of the 
 Seventh Regiment. Farnham, the born soldier and worthy 
 successor of Ells worth, brave, patriotic, and full of promise, 
 received his death-wound soon after at Manassas. The gal 
 lant Alden was buried a little later on the disastrous field 
 of Ball s Bluff. 
 
 Early in autumn, Colonel Lefferts, who had already sent 
 five officers, at his request, to Colonel Lander, then com 
 manding a brigade in Western Virginia, desiring to open 
 a new avenue of service, despatched the following letter to 
 General James S. Wheat, Adjutant-General of the Virginia 
 Militia, at Wheeling : 
 
 " SIR, Several of the gentlemen in my command have received ap 
 pointments in Western Virginia, either in regiments as line officers, or 
 attached to regiments as instructors, which personally has given me 
 much satisfaction. 
 
 " My object in writing is to ask whether you can find places for any 
 more, for I have a number who wish to enter the service, and who are 
 competent and reliable, if the matter is placed in my hands, I shall 
 send none others ; while I have a pride that all who go from my 
 regiment shall do it credit, I have a deep interest in the cause in which 
 they enlist, and wish none but worthy and capable ones to represent 
 it." 
 
 While attending to these duties, Colonel Lefferts was 
 busily engaged, also, in endeavoring to keep up the unpre 
 cedented condition of soldierly discipline and efficiency to 
 which the regiment had arrived by reason of its experience 
 in actual service, a matter of some difficulty, owing to con 
 stant depletions. Ten days after the return of the regi 
 ment, Major Shaler, an exceedingly able and accomplished 
 officer, was commissioned as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Six 
 ty-Fifth Regiment New York Volunteers (United States 
 
 in reply to the offer of Colonel Lefferts to keep the regiment in active service, said: 
 4 Why, Colonel, you do not want your regiment here, you have a regiment ot 
 officers. " New York Times, June 12. 
 
OFFERS OF SERVICE. 227 
 
 Chasseurs), and Lieutenant-Colonel Pond was forced to 
 resign his commission from ill health, thus leaving Colo 
 nel Lefferts for a time without field officers. However, 
 in September, Captain James Price, of the Third Company, 
 was chosen Lieutenant^Colonel ; and, in December, Captain 
 Benjamin M. Nevers, of the Sixth Company, w^as chosen Ma 
 jor. Both these officers had accompanied the regiment on 
 the march to Washington. As an organization, meanwhile, 
 the regiment, besides parading as funeral escort to General 
 Lyon and Colonel Montieul, and to its own Winthrop, Farn- 
 ham, and Alden, paraded also fo r the reception of several 
 regiments returning from the seat of war, and with the 
 greatest pleasure, on the 31st of July, to welcome its gal 
 lant comrades in campaign, the Eighth Massachusetts. 
 
 In giving the order for muster-out, on the return of his 
 regiment, Colonel Lefferts had closed with these words : 
 " Let it be understood that ive are ready at a moment s 
 warning to march at the call of the constituted authorities 
 in defence of our flag and country" This promise he 
 made good by allowing no opportunity to pass without ten 
 dering the services of the regiment, both in fort and field. 
 
 Immediately on receiving the startling and unexpected 
 news that the army had been defeated at Manassas, on the 
 21st of July, 1861, and that the capital itself was menaced, 
 Colonel Lefferts telegraphed to the Secretary of War that 
 his regiment was " ready to march forthwith " to Washing 
 ton. But the peril proved to be less imminent than at first 
 reported, and as three years troops were then pouring in 
 in great numbers, the offer was not accepted. 
 
 To Governor Morgan he proposed that the regiment 
 should learn to use the heavy guns in the harbor forts, so 
 that in case of need the garrisons could be reinforced in 
 stantly by efficient troops, a practice afterwards adopted 
 by militia regiments in other coastwise cities. In the mid 
 dle of December, notwithstanding the severity of the season, 
 
228 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts renewed and urged that suggestion, this 
 time in a letter to the Governor, saying : 
 
 " Upon the return of the regiment under my command from Wash 
 ington, I expressed to the Union Defence Committee, and to certain 
 gentlemen who promised to communicate with you, the desire of the 
 regiment to continue prepared for active service in case of being called 
 upon, and suggested that we might be ordered to one of the forts in our 
 harbor, for the purpose of instruction and practice in heavy sea-coast 
 artillery. Subsequent events have only confirmed my previous views of 
 the importance of the great State of New York having within itself a 
 sufficient number of practised artillerists, who could, at an hour s notice, 
 occupy our forts and man the guns, the great safeguards of the city of 
 New York and her vast commercial interests 
 
 " The regiment can be put on duty by detachments, and I can safely 
 say that within a very short period the Executive can rely upon eight 
 hundred to one thousand competent gunners, each capable of com 
 manding as the chief of piece. 
 
 " The subject of our coast defences has been of late so elaborately and 
 scientifically discussed, that I have nothing further to urge in reference 
 to the matter, beyond the necessity of giving to the whole a practical 
 turn. If, to effect this, the services of myself and my command can be 
 made available, I can only assure your Excellency that we shall be found 
 ready and willing to obey your orders." 
 
 In reply the Governor sent his thanks, with assurances, 
 that, " when circumstances should make it necessary" to 
 take the course indicated, " the prompt and patriotic offer 
 of the Seventh would not be forgotten." 
 
 From August to February the great army lay, organizing 
 and drilling, " quiet on the Potomac." But winter wore 
 away, and the first fortnight in February was thick with 
 rumor of advance. As soon, therefore, as authentic tidings 
 came that General McClellan purposed to fight " the great, 
 decisive battle of the war," Colonel Lefferts hastened to 
 ask for the Seventh a share in that struggle, proposing 
 that the Seventh should " take the field " for a short pe 
 riod, to "meet the sudden emergency" of the "battle on 
 the line of the Potomac now near at hand." The following 
 is the letter : 
 
OFFERS OF SERVICE. 229 
 
 NEW YORK, February 21, 1862. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, Commander-in-Chief United 
 
 States Army, Washington. 
 
 SIR, I have been led to the opinion, from circumstances transpiring 
 within the last week or two, that you may need more men to fully carry 
 out your military plans, and that a battle on the line of the Potomac is 
 near at hand. If this is so, I feel confident that the members of my 
 regiment will respond promptly and heartily to any demand from you, 
 and that you can rely upon eight hundred to one thousand well-drilled 
 and effective men. You are probably aware that the regiment is entirely 
 composed of business men, clerks, etc. ; and while, therefore, they cannot 
 take the field for a long period, with their present organization, yet they 
 can, as they did in the early part of this struggle, meet a sudden emer 
 gency, and are now ready for that purpose. 
 
 I am, sir, with great respect, your obedient servant, 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M. 
 
 Lest, through the absorbing cares of the coming cam 
 paign, the General should overlook his proposal, Colonel 
 Lefferts took the precaution to send a similar message to 
 the Secretary of War. From the latter the response was 
 first heard in the following telegram : 
 
 WASHINGTON, February 26. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS, New York. 
 
 The Secretary of War was duly notified by me of the desire and 
 readiness of the Seventh Regiment to be called to Washington in case 
 of any emergency which would render their services valuable to the 
 government. The Secretary expressed his gratification at the tender 
 of service, and desired me to express his thanks to you, and say, that, 
 should any emergency arise, he would unhesitatingly call upon you and 
 your regiment. Respectfully, 
 
 E. S. SANFORD. 
 
 This received, Colonel Lefferts, while awaiting the re 
 sponse to his letter from head-quarters, got his command in 
 readiness for service. The answer came, at length, as fol 
 lows : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS OF THE ARMY, March 7, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Command g Seventh Reg t. N. Y. S. M. 
 COLONEL, I am directed by the Commander-in-Chief to acknowl 
 edge the receipt of your letter of the 21st ultimo, offering the services 
 
230 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 of your regiment to the government, and to reply that the General com 
 manding will in all probability be glad to avail himself of services of the 
 Seventh Regiment within ten days or a fortnight. 
 
 I am, Colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 EDW. McK. HUDSON, 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel and A. D. C. 
 
 From this reply it was concluded, not only that the for 
 ward movement would take place " within ten days or a 
 fortnight," but that the Seventh Regiment would have 
 some share in it. Accordingly, Colonel Lefferts directed 
 his commanders of companies, " without giving unneces 
 sary publicity to the matter, to notify their commands at 
 once of the strong probability of their being called upon at 
 short notice for active service, so that their arrangements 
 could be made to hold themselves in readiness." * He then 
 ordered the Quartermaster to make forthwith a personal 
 inspection of the camp equipage and stores, and to report 
 in writing to him upon their condition. 
 
 * Extract from the Regimental Minutes. 
 " NATIONAL GUARD ARMORY, Saturday evening, March 8, 1862. 
 
 " On the adjournment of the meeting of the Dress Committee, Colonel Lefferts 
 requested the field officers and commandants of companies to remain, being pres 
 ent Lieutenant-Colonel Price, Major Nevers, Brevet-Colonel Shumway, Captain 
 Clark, Lieutenant-Commanding Schermerhorn, and the Military Secretary. 
 
 " The Colonel then mentioned the fact of his having received a letter from the 
 Commander-in-Chief, in reply to his of 21st February, in which General McClellan 
 states, through his aide-de-camp, that in all probability the services of the regiment 
 would be required in ten days or a fortnight. This letter was dated 7th instant, by 
 mistake, being postmarked 6th. The Colonel requested the captains present, 
 without giving unnecessary publicity to the matter, to notify, without delay, their 
 commands of the strong probability of their being again called upon, at short 
 notice, for active service, that they might make necessary arrangements, and hold 
 themselves in readiness. He said that he should rely upon the captains to carry 
 out these instructions. 
 
 " The meeting then adjourned, the Colonel stating that he should call a meeting 
 of commandants of companies not present this evening for Monday evening, to ex 
 plain the matter to them and give them similar instructions. 
 
 "Monday, March 10th. The following notice was sent to Captains Bensel, 
 Speight, Young, Farrar, Haws, and Easton. Captain Riblet was verbally notified 
 to the same effect by the Military Secretary. 
 
 " DEAR SIR, The Colonel requests that you will attend a meeting of the com- 
 
OFFERS OF SERVICE. 231 
 
 But the second campaign of the Seventh was not yet to 
 begin. A few days after General McClellan s notification 
 to the regiment, the enemy evacuated his position at Ma- 
 nassas. Three weeks later the Army of the Potomac had 
 been gathered from its winter bivouacs and deployed on 
 the peninsula formed by the York and James Rivers. 
 There was to be no " battle on the line of the Potomac." 
 It is, however, none the less pleasant and proud a record 
 in the regimental annals, that, at this seeming crisis of the 
 war, the battalion was offered both to the general com 
 manding and to the War Bureau for any duty that might 
 be assigned to it. All the services and all the offers of 
 service of the Seventh Regiment were at the hour of peril 
 or the pivotal point of decision. It pioneered the path to 
 Washington when the road was most thickly beset with 
 dangers. It remained on duty in Washington until the 
 capital was safe. In the doubtful hour that succeeded Bull 
 Run it again volunteered to go to the front. When a great 
 battle was expected in the spring, it volunteered again. In 
 the summer of 1862 and in the summer of 1863, when the 
 enemy assumed the offensive and menaced the North, it 
 marched at a few hours notice. Let us now describe in 
 course these latter events. 
 
 mandants of companies, to be held at the armory this evening at eight o clock, 
 on business of importance. 
 
 " Yours respectfully, 
 
 " WM. H. ALLEN, Military Secretary. 
 
 " In compliance with the above, at quarter before nine, P. M., were present in 
 the council-room Colonel Lefferts, Captains Easton, Haws, Farrar, Young, Riblet, 
 and Speight, and Lieutenant Meday. The- Colonel explained the purpose of the 
 meeting, and read his letter to General McClellan, and the reply, stating, as on 
 Saturday evening, that he wished the men quietly notified to hold themselves in 
 readiness, and should rely upon the commandants to see that everything necessary 
 was done. The subject was then discussed, and the feeling expressed that the 
 members of the regiment would respond promptly to the call; and the meeting 
 adjourned." 
 
232 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 
 
 URING an anxious month in 
 the spring of 1862, the gaze 
 of the country had been 
 fixed upon two great ar 
 mies, which, like a pair of 
 wrestlers, cautiously advan 
 cing and retreating on the 
 York and James "Penin 
 sula," now feinting, now par 
 rying, now striking, seemed 
 ever ready, yet ever reluc 
 tant, to hazard the decisive 
 clutch, when suddenly, to 
 wards the end of May, a 
 startling apparition diverted 
 all eyes to the Valley of 
 the Shenandoah. Stonewall 
 Jackson, with a compact column of fifteen thousand men, 
 in part withdrawn from McClellan s front, before Rich 
 mond, suddenly burst from the head of the valley upon 
 Fremont, who was stationed as warder of its passes, 
 dealt him a single furious blow, and, swerving without 
 a pause to repeat it, swept down through the valley in an 
 avalanche, and fell full upon Banks, whose smaller corps 
 drifted helplessly before him, and only paused, spent and 
 broken, within the borders of Maryland. 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 233 
 
 The strategic purpose of this division is now a matter of 
 undisputed history, as it soon became one of bitter experi 
 ence. With great fatuity, the campaign had been opened 
 by a division of the Union forces into four armies, there 
 being, besides the Army of the Potomac proper, an aggre 
 gate of sixty thousand men embraced in the commands of 
 Generals McDowell, Fremont, and Banks, none of which 
 were in supporting distance of each other or of General Mc- 
 Clellan. But when the latter reached the Chickahominy, 
 McDowell was ordered forward to join him ; and, to avert 
 this reinforcement of forty thousand fresh troops, General 
 J. E. Johnston, who commanded the Confederate forces, 
 ordered General Jackson to gather in hand the troops left 
 with him in the valley, now largely reinforced from Rich 
 mond, and to march them swiftly northward, so as to men 
 ace the national capital. 
 
 History has recorded, too, how successfully this purpose 
 was accomplished. McDowell s forty thousand men were 
 halted and turned aside to " bag Jackson " ; who, mean 
 while, adroitly slipping by his converging pursuers, rejoined 
 Johnston. Then, with the Union forces weakened and the 
 Confederate force strengthened, there succeeded the seven 
 days battles, which left the former on the banks of the 
 James. 
 
 But, for the moment, what fate might befall the Chicka 
 hominy campaign was not thought of in Washington or at 
 the North. The only cry was that of April, 1861, " The 
 capital is in danger ! " The news ran that a powerful 
 army, stealing from McClellan s front, had swept away 
 everything in its course, and menaced the North with inva 
 sion and the capital with capture. If Washington was wild 
 with excitement, the North was stricken with alarm. " Save 
 the capital ! " was all it could coherently utter. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment heard, as it heard in April, 1861, 
 and marched. 
 
234 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 The afternoon of Saturday, the 24th of May, that day on 
 which Banks commenced his retreat from Strasburg, Colo 
 nel Lefferts received the following news of the stirring 
 events in Virginia : 
 
 To COLONEL LEFFERTS, 12 Albion Street. 
 
 General Wool reports Rebels moving north from Richmond, and 
 Sec y State telegraphs to governors, " Hold all military in readiness for 
 moving." Will keep you posted. 
 
 C. SUMNER. 
 
 The general despatch thus alluded to as having been sent 
 to the governors is now historic and famous. But the 
 telegram sent by the War Bureau to Governor Morgan was 
 special and significant. It ran as follows : 
 
 WASHINGTON, May 24. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL MORGAN, Albany. 
 
 The operations of the enemy on the Shenandoah may require speedy 
 reinforcements. Please organize one regiment as speedily as possible. 
 The Seventh New York should also be in readiness to move if called for. 
 
 EDWIN M. STANTON, Sec y War. 
 
 To meet this request, Governor Morgan caused the fol 
 lowing telegram to be sent to Colonel Lefferts : 
 
 ALBANY, May 24, 1862, 3.16, p. M. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS. 
 
 The Governor desires the Seventh Regiment should be in readiness to 
 meet any call of the government. Please inform me by telegraph its 
 
 present strength. 
 
 THOS. HILLHOUSE. 
 
 To this telegram Colonel Lefferts replied, a quarter of an 
 hour later, as follows : 
 
 u Your telegraph despatch this moment, three o clock thirty minutes, 
 received, and am ready for service. Our rolls show about nine hundred. 
 A fair proportion can be relied upon." 
 
 On Sunday night, news having reached the government 
 that Banks, harassed by the exultant enemy, had retreated 
 fifty-three miles since Saturday morning, and had been 
 driven to the Potomac itself, President Lincoln called upon 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 235 
 
 Governor Morgan to send him the militia of the city of 
 New York, to help check the enemy and defend Washing 
 ton. An hour before midnight, Colonel Leiferts received 
 by telegraph from the Governor an order to proceed as soon 
 as possible to the seat of war, and hurriedly wrote and de 
 spatched to the morning papers a notice to the Seventh 
 Regiment to assemble at nine o clock of the same (Monday) 
 morning. Before this hour, he telegraphed the Governor, 
 u I have a meeting of my regiment at nine o clock this 
 morning. What can I say to them about length of time we 
 shall probably be absent?" At half past ten, A. M., the 
 answer came : " The Governor directs me to reply, that 
 the Seventh will be mustered for three months service. 
 THOMAS HILLHOUSE." 
 
 Meanwhile, at 9, A. M., a large body of the regiment, 
 having seen the notice in the morning papers, assembled at 
 the armory, and were ordered to prepare to march the 
 same day for three months service. Six, p. M., was fixed 
 for the hour of departure, and the nine hours interim was 
 devoted to notifying other members and preparing for the 
 campaign. 
 
 At the appointed hour the regiment marched, six hundred 
 strong, despite depletions, brevity of notice, and the absence 
 of members in the country for the summer ; large accessions 
 were soon after made to its ranks. Of the enthusiasm of 
 the city upon the departure, it need only be said that it 
 was almost a repetition of that of thirteen months before, 
 even as the excitement and anxiety of the North fell little 
 short of those of the 19th of April, 1861. As before, the 
 regiment did not wait for the formality of a muster into the 
 service. " The influence of their example," wrote Ad 
 jutant-General Hillhouse, next day, to Secretary Stanton, 
 " on other regiments and volunteers, was most beneficial." 
 The only militia regiment that marched that night was the 
 Seventh ; but on the same day the Governor ordered the 
 
236 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Eighth, Eleventh, Seventy-First, and Thirty-Seventh Regi 
 ments to get themselves in readiness to follow, and, in fact, 
 within the next four days, ten regiments were off. The 
 Seventh, as in 1861, led the column. 
 
 A New York journal, in describing the meeting of 
 the Seventh on Monday morning, says : " Shortly before 
 nine o clock Colonel Lefferts arrived at the armory, and 
 was received with loud demonstrations of applause. The 
 despatch from Secretary Stan ton to Governor Morgan, call 
 ing for one regiment of militia from this State, accom 
 panied by a special request for the Seventh, was then read 
 to the men, together with the subsequent requisition for 
 the other regiments. The reading was received with the 
 most enthusiastic demonstrations of applause, the men 
 clapping their hands and cheering vociferously. The Colo 
 nel then informed them that they would be required to be 
 ready that evening, as he wished them to be first on the 
 war-path. This announcement electrified the troops, and 
 cheer after cheer resounded through the building. The 
 regiment was then dismissed, the men proceeding to their 
 respective meeting-rooms, and such an overhauling of lock 
 ers as ensued was never witnessed there before." Another 
 paper of the same city describes the scene with similar 
 spirit. " As early as eight o clock," it says, " the spacious 
 drill-room at the armory was crowded by the members, 
 anxious to be the first to answer to the call of Secretary 
 Stan ton. Shortly after, Colonel Lefferts arrived, and his 
 appearance was hailed with every manifestation of delight 
 by his command. 
 
 " This is what I have been wishing for. 
 
 " < Ain t this jolly ? 
 
 " { But how can you leave your business ? inquired one. 
 
 " This, and this only, is my business now, was the re 
 sponse. 
 
 " Never was there so much enthusiasm shown ; the 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 237 
 
 whole of the men seemed to hail their departure from the 
 city as a positive pleasure. Colonel Lefferts then read the 
 despatches from Secretary Stanton, calling for more troops, 
 which was received with the most vociferous cheering. He 
 then made a short and spirited address, asking the men if 
 they were willing to answer the call. A most unanimous 
 Yes ! was the answer." 
 
 Colonel Lefferts thereupon hastily drew up his orders 
 for march, and issued them forthwith. They were sub 
 stantially the same as those of the year before, and read as 
 follows : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTEKS SEVENTH REGIMENT (NATIONAL GUARD), 
 NEW YORK, May 26, 1862. 
 
 In compliance with orders from his Excellency the Governor of this 
 State to proceed to Washington, the regiment will assemble at Head 
 quarters at a quarter before seven o clock, p. M., this 26th instant, in full 
 fatigue dress, with knapsack, haversack, and canteen, overcoats rolled 
 and strapped upon the knapsack, and blankets suspended from it. Offi 
 cers will sling their overcoats. Regimental line will be formed at seven 
 o clock. Each man will provide himself with one day s rations, and 
 carry in his knapsack suitable underclothing, an extra pair of boots 
 (shoes are much better), knife, fork, spoon, tin plate, and cup, an extra 
 pair of pants, and those that have retained their " Aspinwalls " had 
 better take them. Each officer, will be allowed a small trunk, which 
 must be distinctly marked, and left at the armory before six o clock, 
 p. M. Recruits who may not have procured their uniforms will, however, 
 report for duty, and be assigned a post in the column. Each company 
 will be allowed to take one servant, who must have a pass signed by the 
 commandant of the company. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel. 
 
 GEO. W. SMITH, Acting Adjutant. 
 
 A member, taking a copy, and mounting a caisson, read 
 the orders aloud to his comrades. 
 
 Promptly at seven o clock the line was formed in La 
 fayette Place, with a great crowd of on-lookers. " Many a 
 fervent God bless you ! was uttered," says a journal al 
 ready quoted,*" and many a bright eye was dimmed at 
 parting, The march down Broadway was a complete 
 
238 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 triumph ; the sidewalks were crowded with an enthu 
 siastic people, who cheered themselves hoarse in honor 
 of the brave fellows as they passed. Flags were stream 
 ing from the principal buildings, fireworks were let off, 
 and each man endeavored to surpass his neighbor in giving 
 vent to his delight at seeing the Seventh once more on its 
 way to the war." 
 
 About 9, P. M., of May 26th, the regiment embarked on 
 the steamer Red Jacket, at Pier No. 2, North River, and, 
 just before ten, moved out, with the band playing a lively 
 air, and the men giving responsive cheers to the shouts of 
 the great multitude gathered at the wharf and on the 
 wharves adjoining. Elizabethport was reached after eleven, 
 and at midnight the train started for Baltimore. On ar 
 riving at Elizabeth, the Seventh found the depot tilled with 
 people waiting to cheer them as the year before, and the 
 " Star-Spangled Banner " was sung enthusiastically when 
 the train moved on. Harrisburg was reached by noon of 
 the next day. At Easton, Reading, and other places along 
 the route, the citizens were assembled to cheer the Seventh, 
 while ladies threw bouquets into the cars. At half past five, 
 p. M., Baltimore was reached ; and at 6, P. M., Colonel Lef- 
 ferts marched the regiment across the city, the band playing, 
 to take the train for Washington. Just as it was about to 
 enter the cars, an order came to Colonel Lefferts directing 
 him to report to General Dix, commanding the Middle De 
 partment, with head-quarters at Baltimore. This order was 
 received with universal vexation and chagrin ; but a rumor 
 prevailing that it really signified the transfer of the regi 
 ment directly to Banks s corps at Harper s Ferry, it was 
 discussed with more complacency. Arms were stacked 
 and knapsacks piled in the depot, which was set apart for 
 the bivouac. But leave being given to seek the comforts 
 of the Eutaw and other hotels, it was speedily made use of 
 by most of the regiment. 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 239 
 
 Baltimore was, however, destined to be the scene of the 
 Seventh Regiment s second campaign. For, as it turned 
 out, Jackson, having accomplished his object in thwarting 
 the projected junction of McDowell with McClellan, made 
 good his retreat up the valley to his mountain eyrie, and 
 soon after, at the summons of Lee, crossed over to the left 
 flank of the main Confederate Army. It being, therefore, 
 no longer now a question of the safety of Washington, but 
 of the pursuit of Jackson, the Seventh was retained at Bal 
 timore, there to await the shifting fortunes of the grand 
 Virginia campaign, which on any day might demand its 
 presence at the front. Thither, also, other New York mili 
 tia regiments duly followed. 
 
 General Dix designated Stewart s Grove, in the outskirts 
 of the city, two miles from the Eutaw House, as the camp 
 ground. The camp was laid out on a plateau, amongst 
 the grand old oaks crowning Stewart s Hill, adjacent to the 
 family mansion of the Confederate General Stewart. It 
 commanded a fine view of Baltimore, with its harbor and 
 the bay beyond, and of the beautiful woods and fields around 
 the city. Its only lack was a good parade-ground. At ten 
 o clock on the morning of May 28th, the regiment marched 
 to Stewart s Hill, and there pitched its tents. A long 
 storm inaugurated this camp, like Camp Cameron, and sea 
 soned the troops to rough service at the start. In a few 
 days the tents were floored, the streets cleared, the cook 
 houses put in order, and a beautiful camp was established. 
 Campaign devices, taught by experience, aided by open 
 purses, made the quarters comfortable. A published letter 
 of May 30th says : " The Seventh is now comfortably quar 
 tered on Stewart s Hill, new tents having been furnished 
 them, and all floored over. To-day quite a number were 
 allowed the freedom of the city, and they paid visits about 
 town, viewing the monuments and public buildings. The 
 
240 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 men are very anxious to be in active service, and it is un 
 derstood that Colonel Lefferts made application to the Sec 
 retary of War to allow his regiment to join General Banks s 
 column, as it is momentarily anticipated that an attack will 
 be made at Williamsport. Every man in the regiment 
 seems anxious to have the opportunity for active field ser 
 vice. They are exceedingly opposed to being kept at Balti 
 more. The Eighth Regiment is expected here this even 
 ing. They will, no doubt, meet with a similar reception to 
 the New York Seventh." 
 
 As soon as the camp was established, Colonel Lefferts 
 issued the following 
 
 STANDING ORDER, No. 1. 
 
 The Chain of Sentinels shall be the limit of the Camp. 
 
 No member of the regiment shall pass outside of the limits of the 
 Camp without permission of his Commanding Officer, and then only by 
 way of the guard-tent, where he shall report himself going and re 
 turning. 
 
 The Officer of the Guard shall keep a list of men so leaving the camp, 
 with the time of their reporting to him, and submit the same with his 
 Guard Report in the morning. 
 
 Every man must be present at morning and afternoon drill, unless ho 
 is on the sick-report, or has a written excuse from his commandant. 
 
 " Reveille " at sunrise. 
 
 Immediately after the roll-call the tents will be put in order and the 
 streets cleaned, and all rubbish must be removed from the Camp-Ground. 
 
 Half an hour after " Reveille," the signal for Recruit Squad Drill, which 
 will last one hour. 
 
 " Peas on the Trencher " at seven o clock, A. M. 
 
 Call for details for guard duty at twenty minutes before eight, A. M. 
 
 Call for details to repair the Regimental Parade at ten minutes before 
 eight, A. M. 
 
 Troop for guard-mounting at eight, A. M. Immediately after which, 
 the first sergeant, with a detail of men, will draw their rations for the 
 day. 
 
 Surgeon s call at nine o clock, A. M , when the sick in camp of each 
 company will be marched to the dispensary, in charge of a non-commi- 
 sioned officer. 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 241 
 
 The assembly for company drill at half past nine, A. M., unless other 
 wise ordered. 
 
 " Roast Beef" will be sounded for dinner at twelve, M. 
 
 First sergeant s call, quarter after five o clock, p. M. 
 
 To the color to form by Battalion, at half past five, P. M. 
 
 " Evening gun " to be fired at sunset. 
 
 Tattoo at ten, p. M. Taps at half past ten, p. M. 
 
 There will be roll-calls on the company parades, at Reveille, and even 
 ing parades, superintended by a commissioned officer. 
 
 The recruits will be exercised at least twice a day by an officer or a 
 non-commissioned officer. 
 
 All drills will be attended in full fatigue dress, officers and non-com 
 missioned officers omitting the sash. 
 
 When off duty in the public streets, all officers, non-commissioned 
 officers, and privates will wear the waist-belt alone and the coat but 
 toned. On dress parades, the officers and sergeants will wear the sash. 
 
 The cap-cover will be worn in wet weather only. 
 
 Pistols will not be carried by officers or men, except in actual con 
 flict, or when on the march. 
 
 All fancy articles of dress are prohibited at all times. 
 
 From this order the daily routine of the camp may be 
 gathered. It did not differ essentially from that of Camp 
 Cameron. There were recruit drills before breakfast and 
 at various times through the day ; company drills in the 
 morning ; battalion drills in the afternoon ; dress parade in 
 the evening. The severe rains of the first ten days of carnp- 
 life made its duties very disagreeable ; and among the extra 
 nuisances, it would appear, were the musical performances 
 of two young buglers, who sounded all day long the calls 
 of a battery of the Third Artillery, encamped near by. 
 
 Hardly had the regiment gone into camp before daily 
 details were made, by orders from head-quarters, for escort- 
 duty at the funerals of soldiers who had died at the United 
 States Hospital in Camden. On May 29th an escort of a 
 corporal and eight privates of the Seventh Company at 
 tended the funerals of Privates A. C. Keym, Eleventh Maine 
 Volunteers, D. Crawford, Seventy-Second New York Volun 
 teers, and D. K. Sturgis, Eighty-Fifth Pennsylvania Volun- 
 
 16 
 
242 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 teers ; on May 31st a similar escort of the Eighth Company, 
 those of Privates H. Delgart, One Hundred and Fourth 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers, and J. Galligan, One Hundred 
 and Fourth New York Volunteers ; on June 2d an escort 
 of a sergeant and fourteen privates of the Ninth Company 
 attended the funerals of Sergeant A. W. Gains, Seventy- 
 Seventh New York Volunteers, and Private Wesley Kobin- 
 son, Sixth New Jersey Volunteers ; on June 3d an escort of 
 a corporal and eight privates of the Third Company, those 
 of James Atchinson, Eleventh Maine Volunteers, David 
 Vail, Sixth New Jersey Volunteers, and V. Sfefferman, 
 Purnell Legion ; on June 4th a similar escort of the Sec 
 ond Company, that of Private Thomas Leland, Eleventh 
 Maine Volunteers ; on June 13th, a similar escort, that of 
 Private Hartz, Eighty-Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. 
 
 On the 30th of May the following order was received 
 from headquarters : 
 
 SPECIAL ORDERS, No. 143. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, 
 BALTIMORE, May 30, 1862. 
 
 II. The commanding officer of the Seventh New York State Militia 
 will detail from his command one company to act as guard at tho Mount, 
 Clare Depot, for the work-shops, buildings, and public property, relieving 
 the detail from the Third New York Volunteers now there. 
 
 The detail so made will report at once to the agent of the B. and O. 
 R. R , at the depot. 
 
 By command of Major-General Dix, 
 
 D. T. VAN BUREN, Assistant Adjutant-General. 
 
 Each company by turns was detailed for this duty, 
 marched to tho station, and took up its quarters in some 
 passenger cars, a "paymaster s car" being the head-quar 
 ters, and another car the kitchen. The post had been cre 
 ated by General Dix in consequence of a serious political 
 riot which had happened there, endangering the use of the 
 road for government purposes. Mount Clare station con 
 tained the machine-shops, car-works, and one of the chief 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 243 
 
 freight depots of the railroad, it occupying ten acres and 
 employing a thousand men. The duty here was light. The 
 Second Company was first detailed, and, on the day after its 
 arrival, General Dix visited the station, and expressed his 
 satisfaction at the appearance of the guard. The follow 
 ing afternoon, being Sunday, Chaplain Weston, who had 
 preached a sermon in the morning at Camp Dix, preached 
 another at Mount Clare. On the 2d day of June this detail 
 was relieved by the Eighth Company, Captain Shumway, 
 which in turn, on the 5th of June, was relieved t by thirty- 
 five men of the Ninth Company, Captain Easton. 
 
 General Dix having received orders, on the 1st of June, 
 to repair to Fort Monroe and assume command at that 
 point, Major-General Wool was assigned to command the 
 Middle Department; but, during the interim before his 
 arrival, the command devolved upon Brigadier-General 
 W. R. Montgomery, United States Volunteers. In his gen 
 eral order announcing his departure, General Dix said : "It 
 is a source of deep regret to the Major-General commanding 
 that he is compelled to leave without being able to review 
 the regiments of New York Militia, the Seventh, Eighth, 
 Thirteenth, Twenty-Second, Thirty-Seventh, and Forty-Sev 
 enth, which, under a second appeal from the Chief Magis 
 trate of the Union, have laid aside their various occupa 
 tions on the briefest notice, at great personal sacrifice, and, 
 hurrying to the field, are now occupying positions in and 
 around Baltimore. In their patriotism and their devotion 
 to the government of their country, the Union feeling of 
 the city will meet with a cordial sympathy. It is a great 
 alleviation of the regret with which the Major-General 
 commanding parts with them, that he is soon to be suc 
 ceeded by a distinguished general officer of the Regular 
 Army, from their own State." 
 
 The camp of the Seventh Regiment, previously known 
 as Camp Dix, was commonly called thereafter Camp Wool, 
 
244 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 in honor of the new commander. On the 5th of June, in 
 compliance with General Montgomery s order of the pre 
 vious day, a daily guard of four men was detailed for the 
 General Hospital at Camp Andrew, reporting to Brigade- 
 Surgeon Ira Russell, in charge of the hospital. 
 
 In marching from New York, at a few hours notice, many 
 members of the Seventh Regiment had made considerable 
 sacrifices. Such as could go to the war for three years 
 had already gone, and were scattered by scores through 
 the armie of the Union. Those now at Baltimore, business 
 needs, or family duties, or ill health, or similar cause, had 
 prevented from absenting themselves through so long a war. 
 They were all prepared for short campaigns, but even these 
 were made at a sacrifice. If it be true that the wealth and 
 pecuniary independence of a few left them free to act, the 
 responsible business positions of most others were sources 
 of anxiety. Some members gave up these positions ; others 
 were peremptorily recalled by employers who could not or 
 would not allow them to finish the campaign, except on pen 
 alty of being thrown out of their places. To those salaried 
 men whose families had been accustomed to good social 
 positions, the withdrawal from business and the stopping of 
 their incomes were particularly trying. To consider and 
 act upon all these cases, giving temporary or permanent 
 furloughs as circumstances might demand, was the hard 
 task imposed upon Colonel Lefferts, who was always ex 
 tremely anxious that the effective strength of the regiment 
 should be as great as possible. 
 
 There were members of the regiment also who lagged be 
 hind, and urgent means were employed to bring these for 
 ward. Still, despite these causes, and despite the numbers 
 now in the volunteer army and the suddenness of the pres 
 ent call, the regiment, as we have seen, marched six hun 
 dred strong ; it was joined at Camp Dix by others who were 
 detained for a day or two in New York. On the 4th of June, 
 
THE BALTIMORE CAMPAIGN. 245 
 
 Adjutant George William Smith made the following report 
 of the strength of the regiment : 
 
 Abstract of Consolidated Morning Report, June 4, 1862. 
 
 COMPANY. PRESKST AND ABSENT. ABSENT. 
 
 A (First) . . . .55 7 
 
 B (Second) ... 91 .... 5 
 
 C (Third) . . . .75 6 
 
 1) (Fourth) ... 66 .... 1 
 
 E (Fifth) . .. . . 51 . . . .2 
 
 F (Sixth) .... 85 .... 5 
 
 (Seventh) . . . . 80 . . . . . 5 
 H (Eighth) ... 78 .... 4 
 
 1 (Ninth) . . . .75 2 
 
 K (Tenth) .... 57 .. .6 
 
 713 43 
 
 Field and staff, and non-com 
 missioned do. . . . 11 
 Band and field music . . 54 
 
 Total, present and absent . 778 
 Deduct .... 43 
 Total, present . . .735 
 
 To keep up this effective strength, and to add to it by 
 bringing forward every officer and man delaying without 
 sufficient reason in New York, was now the task. Recruits 
 offered themselves, ten from Schenectady, others from Phila 
 delphia and. elsewhere. These were declined, but it was 
 suggested to the Veteran Reserve Corps that something 
 might be done in recruiting in New York. The following 
 letter was received in reply from Colonel Schultz : 
 
 NEW YORK, June 4, 1862. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, Yesterday I received your telegram, and at once 
 wrote a note to Colonels Stevens and Vermilye to meet me in the even 
 ing ; also, Lieutenant-Colonel Pond. All concurred in saying that your 
 wishes should be attended to at once. 
 
 We all thought best not to say, or allow any one else to say, anything 
 about recruiting in the papers. This course may cause a little delay in 
 
246 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 spreading the information that, under certain limitations, you are willing 
 to receive recruits, but we thought for the present this will be the best 
 course. It will give us an opportunity to select better men. 
 
 The conditions which will be imposed are : 
 
 First. The recruit to pass, as to character, etc., the officer in at 
 tendance. 
 
 Second. He must serve for seven years in the regiment, if elected. 
 
 Third. To be assigned to such company as you may direct. 
 
 Fourth. To take his chances of an election on his return. 
 
 Fifth. To equip himself at his own expense, except musket. 
 
 You shall hear further from us as we progress. 
 Very truly, 
 
 J. S. SCHULTZ. 
 
 The duties of Camp Wool were soon ended. On the 5th 
 of June, Colonel Lefferts received an order from General 
 Montgomery to have his command in readiness to move to 
 Fort Federal Hill by eleven o clock, A. M., of the 6th of 
 June, to relieve the Third New York Volunteers at that 
 place. This order was disagreeable to the regiment, not 
 merely because the camp had now been put into admirable 
 condition, and in the " perfect days" of June it was hard to 
 think of exchanging tents for barracks, but also because it 
 was feared that this transfer portended a long stay at Balti 
 more, and a farewell to hopes of active participation in the 
 stirring events going on at the front. The importance of 
 the new post was the main consolation. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 247 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 EDERAL HILL, rising bluff 
 and imposing from the Pa- 
 tapsco, is the strategic key 
 to the city of Baltimore, 
 with the river and harbor, as 
 well as to Fort McHenry and 
 the other defensive works, 
 and to all the subjacent 
 country. Seized and forti 
 fied by General Butler, in 
 May, 1861, its possession be 
 came synonymous with the 
 possession of Baltimore. But 
 the great earthwork reach 
 ing nearly to the river bank, 
 called Fort Federal Hill, was 
 thrown up in the autumn 
 of 1861, by Duryee s Zouaves (Fifth New York Volun 
 teers), commanded by Colonel Duryee, formerly Colo 
 nel of the Seventh Regiment. In March, 1862, this regi 
 ment was succeeded by the Third New York Volunteers, 
 Colonel Alvord. In now relieving the latter, the Sev 
 enth took pride in knowing that at least it had added 
 an admirable regiment to the Virginia battle-fields. The 
 high reputation of these two preceding garrisons of Fed- 
 
248 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 eral Hill sufficiently guaranteed the importance of the 
 post. 
 
 The fort itself was described at this time as " an immense 
 square fortification, with three large bastions, the guns of 
 which command the river above and below, and every part 
 of the city beyond. A lunette commands the approaches 
 from the land side. The fort is entered upon its southwest 
 face by a bridge and a huge gate, and the entrance is pro 
 tected by a ditch. Large two-story buildings occupy three 
 sides of the quadrilateral, within the high embankments, 
 and upon the fourth are situated a neat cottage, commonly 
 called the colonel s quarters, a guard-house, and an unim- 
 posing building which affords ample accommodation for the 
 commissary and quartermaster s departments. Three large 
 magazines, conveniently situated, and an imposing signal sta 
 tion, complete the necessary structures within the fort. The 
 buildings enclose a large parade-ground, sufficient in extent 
 for ordinary military purposes ; and the square is ornamented 
 with native trees, which please the eye and afford an agree 
 able shade. The barracks are of wood, two stories high, with 
 double verandas, supported by slight pillars, and facing 
 inwards towards the square. One building is occupied 
 by the officers, and the others are divided into rooms ninety 
 feet in length, each division furnishing ample accommodar- 
 tion for a company of a hundred men. Three tiers of bunks 
 occupy each side of the company quarters, and are arranged 
 in the most convenient and approved manner. Company 
 kitchens also occupy the ends of the large centre building, 
 and there are rooms in the same building for the band and 
 the sutler. With its ample supply of excellent water, com 
 plete drainage, airy situation, and comfortable quarters, 
 Fort Federal Hill is one of the most healthy and agreeable 
 military posts in the country." 
 
 At this time the armament and ammunition of the fort 
 were as follows : 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 249 
 
 A rmament. 
 
 Six 8-inch columbiads. 
 Two 10-inch mortars. 
 Two 8-inch S. C. howitzers 
 Twenty-three 32-pounder guns. 
 Five 24-pounder howitzers (Flank Defence). 
 One 6-pounder gun (brass). 
 
 Ammunition. 
 
 1,200 8-inch Columbiad shell; 100 8-inch Columbiad grape; 1,100 
 10-inch mortar shell; 400 32-pounder shell; 150 32-pounder canister; 
 150- 32-pounder grape; 920 32-pounder solid shot; 126 24-pounder 
 howitzer, F. D., shell (fixed) ; 64 24-pounder howitzer, F. D., grape 
 (fixed) ; 60 24-pounder howitzer, F. D., canister (fixed) ; 28 6-pounder 
 gun (brass), solid shot (fixed) ; 42 6-pounder gun (brass), canister, 
 (fixed); 1,000 hand grenades, 1, 3, and 5 pounds; 9,200 pounds can 
 non powder ; fuses, cartridge-bags, and implements, complete. 
 
 On the afternoon of the 6th of June, the Third Regiment 
 marched out and the Seventh marched in ; after a thor 
 ough scrubbing, the quarters were occupied. Three days 
 later, Major-General John E. Wool assumed command of 
 the Middle Department, with head-quarters at Baltimore. 
 On the 19th the regiment was mustered into the United 
 States service for three months, to date from May 25th, by 
 Colonel B. L. Beall, United States xlrmy. That officer, on 
 the 21st, wrote to Colonel Lefferts, requesting him to direct 
 that four muster-rolls be made out instead of three ; the 
 fourth, he added, " I am directed to send to the Commission 
 of the Land Office in Washington City, as it is contem 
 plated to grant land to the volunteers." This record may 
 be worthy of preservation, to note the furthest point to which 
 the regiment ever went on the road to land bounties. 
 
 I have already said that the regiment took the oath of 
 service for three months, but the incidents connected with 
 this act form a story by themselves. It will be remembered 
 that, on leaving New York, it was distinctly stated by the 
 authorities that the regiment should be mustered in for not 
 less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, and that 
 
250 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the muster-in for more than thirty days should be at its own 
 option. Soon after its departure, therefore, the Adjutants 
 General of New York addressed the War Office, saying : 
 " The Seventh Regiment, National Guard, left for Wash 
 ington last night. They left without being mustered into 
 the United States service, as the demand seemed to bo 
 pressing, and the influence of their example on other regi 
 ments and volunteers was most beneficial. The period for 
 which they are to serve is left to be arranged after their 
 arrival in Washington ; but they left with the understand 
 ing that it should not be less than thirty days, nor more 
 than three months, nor are they to be under any obligation 
 to remain longer than the former period, unless they consent 
 to after their arrival" 
 
 On receiving this letter, Secretary Stanton sent to Colonel 
 Lefferts, then at Baltimore, a request that he would come 
 on at once to Washington, to settle with him personally the 
 term of service. The Colonel, on arriving at the Wai- 
 Office, found that the Secretary was very desirous to have 
 the regiment mustered for three months. 
 
 " Well, Mr. Stanton," said Colonel Lefferts, " the term 
 of service we s$t out for was thirty days, and it is fair that 
 the regiment itself should be first consulted, if it is to be 
 sworn in for ninety." 
 
 " Do just as you please about it," answered Mr. Stanton, 
 shortly, and with a displeased air. 
 
 " Mr. Secretary, don t misunderstand me," replied the 
 Colonel. "I am perfectly willing, as you have seen, to 
 muster in for three months, but must keep faith with my 
 men. I think I can set your mind at rest, that, after a fail- 
 statement of the facts, they will at once respond to your 
 wishes." 
 
 On that, Mr. Stanton became calmer, and rejoined : "It 
 is very important, Colonel, that you should muster in for 
 three months ; the other regiments will be sure to follow 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 251 
 
 your example. However, probably your term of service 
 will not last over thirty, days, for in ten days we expect 
 McClellan will be in Richmond." 
 
 On his return to Baltimore, Colonel Lefferts called the 
 regiment together and told the men what had taken place, 
 what the government desired, and how the present action 
 of the regiment would go into its history, not as compul 
 sory, but as voluntary, and undertaken in behalf of the 
 country. What the response was we have already seen. 
 But even to the present day, some of those who were at 
 Baltimore in 1862 are wont, on meeting the Colonel, to 
 joke him on the affair, laughingly accusing him of " coax 
 ing sixty days extra" service out of the regiment. 
 
 I now append the muster-roll of the Baltimore campaign 
 of 1862. It should be noted that the members marked 
 " not mustered " in some cases joined the regiment after 
 the 25th day of May, and in some cases were merely ab 
 sent on leave or on detailed service on that day. 
 
 MUSTER-IN ROLL 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SEVENTH REGIMENT (NATIONAL GUARD) N. Y. S. M. 
 
 Called into the service of the United States, by the President thereof, from 
 the twenty-fifth day of May, 1862, for the terra of three months, unless sooner 
 discharged. Mustered in at Baltimore, on the twenty-fifth day of May, 1862, 
 by Colonel B. L. Beall, U. S, A. 
 
 Colonel. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel. Major. 
 
 JAMES PKICE. BENJAMIN M. NEVERS. 
 
 Staff. 
 
 Geo. Wm. Smith, Adjutant. Rev. S. H. Weston, Chaplain. 
 
 Stephen Rogers, Surgeon. Chas. T. McClenachan, Quartermaster. 
 
 James H. Rogers, Assistant Surgeon. Wm. H. Allen, Paymaster. 
 Geo. W. Brainerd, Commissary. 
 
252 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Non-commissioned Staff. 
 
 Robert C. Rathbone, S&rgt. Major. Wm. L. Watkins, R. G. G. 
 
 L. L. L. Clearman, Quartermaster Sergt. Marshall Lefferts, Jr., L. G. G. 
 Simon W. Scott, Color Sergeant. Frederick S. Morrison, Com Sergt. 
 
 Wm. H. Gibson, " " James W. Wilson, Hospital Steward. 
 
 Charles H. Winans, Orderly. 
 
 Band. 
 
 David Graham, Prin. Mus. 
 
 Claudio Graffulla, Leader. Lindner, Charles, 2d C. Mus. 
 
 Bader, Frederick, 1st C. Mus. Mosline, Fredoline, " " 
 
 Bader, Henry, " " Menti, Frederick, 3d C. Mus. 
 
 Corley, Thomas, " " Menti, Adolph, 
 
 Diller, Francis, " " Macchi, Ulias, " " 
 
 Duhy, Oliver, " " Nichols, Adolph, " " 
 
 Fritz, Edward, " " Quintana, Lucien, " " 
 
 Wernig, Charles, " " Rogassi, Vito, 
 
 Gessner, Joseph, 2d C. Mus. Stobe, Henry, " " 
 
 Fielding, John, " " Wernig, John, " " 
 
 Kendall, George, " " Weckert, Adolphe, " " 
 
 Kappa, Carlo, Anderson, John, " " 
 
 Kossack, William, " " Brettell, Edward, " " 
 
 Eberhard, Nicholas, " " O Reilly, Michael, " 
 
 FIRST COMPANY (A). 
 Captain, CHRISTIAN H. MEDAT. 
 1st Lieutenant, William H. Hume. 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 *Kitchen, George H. (Orderly). Bensel, J. Warner. 
 
 *Murray, James. Bergmann, August. 
 
 Buchanan, David. Howe, Charles H. 
 
 Clough, Henry. Hume, George W. 
 
 Archer, Anson I. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Akley, John M. Belknap, Charles. 
 
 Ammerman, Albert. Borden, Charles A. 
 
 Apelles, Charles H. Bosworth, Charles P. 
 
 Apelles, Frederick. Cooke, George T. 
 
 Baker, John T. Corsa, William H. 
 
 Barr, Samuel C. Crandall, Joseph W. H. 
 
 * Those marked with a star were not mustered in. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 253 
 
 Klliott, Archibald. Saunders, George F. 
 
 Foulke, William H. Scott, David. 
 
 Griffith, William. Seaman, Charles H. 
 
 *Grout, Thomas J. Sharp, Robert. 
 
 Hamilton, Robert. Sharp, William A. 
 
 James, Benjamin A. Spring, Edward A. 
 
 Jaqnes, Thomas. Squire, Thomas P. 
 
 Kingsland, Daniel C. Stout, Burke C. 
 
 Kurtz, William. *Stranch, Oscar. 
 
 Leach, Henry L. Svvartz, John H. 
 
 Manning, William. Thompson, Allenby. 
 
 McKaye, James. Thome, William I. 
 
 Meday, George K. *Trenor, Thomas F. 
 
 Mums, William M. Van Ness, George. 
 
 Munger, Calvin A. Villeplait, Alfred B. 
 
 Nichols, William A. Walker, Nathan D. 
 Pearsall, William, Jr. 
 
 SECOND COMPANY (B). 
 
 Captain, EMMONS CLARK. 
 1st Lieutenant, Peter Palmer. 2d Lieutenant, George M. Smith. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Allison, Richard (Orderly). *Browcr, Bloomfield. 
 
 Ware, Richard F. See, William B. 
 
 Van Norden, Charles S. Mix, Eugene. 
 
 *Fonda, Richard D. Gould, Robert S., Jr. 
 
 *Quilliard, Gulian V. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Barker, William. Brown, Charles. 
 Privates. 
 
 Agens, Frederic G. *Brumley, James L. 
 
 /Alden, James M. Buchan, Robert C. 
 
 / Allison, William G. *Burnet, Gilbert, Jr. 
 
 Amerman, Jacob B. *Burtis, William A., Jr. 
 
 Appleby, Charles. Cahill, Eugene C. 
 
 Bacon, Benjamin. *Chase, Amos M., Jr. 
 
 Baker, John G. Clark, Edward D. 
 
 Bernard, Walter. Curtis, Albert A. 
 
 Bostwick, Charles E. Davis, Alexander M. 
 
 Bird, John H. Day, Martin N. 
 
 *Bristow, Henry. Debenham, George. 
 
254 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 
 Dusenbcrry. Edwin. 
 Emerson, Charles. 
 Estwick, William. 
 Evans, Lemuel E. 
 Farnham, William T. 
 Findlay, Andrew, Jr. 
 Fishblatt, Solomon H. 
 Gregory, Frank. 
 Hill, Charles S. 
 Haddock, Washington M. 
 Hadley, Charles L. 
 *Harter, Frederic A. 
 Hatfield, Abraham, Jr 
 Jones, Matthias L. 
 Keep, Frederic E. 
 *Larie, R. Henry. 
 Lamibeer, William, Jr. 
 Leonard, Robert W. 
 Manuel, Richard. 
 Marsh, Joseph A. 
 Mather, Thomas D. 
 MoKinley, Robert. 
 Miller, James W. 
 Mitchell, William A. 
 Moffatt, Bruce. 
 Montayne, William H. 
 Peixotto, Moses L. M. 
 Porter, Joseph T. 
 
 Postlcy, De Van. 
 
 Randal, James B. 
 
 Ray, Daniel G. 
 
 Robinson, Daniel. 
 
 Roome, James W. 
 
 Salisbury, Richard L. 
 
 Simpson, Irwin. 
 
 Smith, Daniel A. 
 
 Smith, James A. 
 
 Steele, Henry S. 
 
 Street, George W. 
 
 Struthers, Stephen R. 
 
 Sturges, Edward. 
 
 Taylor, Archibald. 
 X*Taylor, John H. 
 ^Terret, Charles A. 
 
 Trimble,, Samuel. 
 
 Vanderbilt, Isaac S. 
 
 Van Duyer, William. 
 
 *Walsh, William W. 
 
 Ward, Daniel T. 
 
 Ward, Egbert. 
 
 Webster, Edward B. 
 
 Whitfield, Edward A. 
 
 Williams, Edgar. 
 
 Williams, Roswell C. 
 
 Young, Albert M. 
 
 THIRD COMPANY (C). 
 
 Captain, GEORGE T. HAWS. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, John W. Murray. 2d Lieutenant, Richard L. Leggett. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Gulager, Philip D. 
 Reeve, Isaac T. 
 Burgoyne, Theodore. 
 Warren, Joseph C. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Pollard, Don Alonzo (Orderly). 
 Dore, Jose. 
 Smith, Eugene B. 
 Burdett, Jacob, Jr. 
 Collins, George S. 
 
 Drummers. 
 Barry, William. Connor, Henry. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Allen, William H. Bonnett, Daniel B. 
 
 Amory, John M. Broderick, Peter M. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 255 
 
 *Broderick, William E. 
 B rower, John L. 
 *Bunce, Theodore D. 
 Butler, Edward M. 
 Clowes, Theodore F. 
 Collins, Thomas G. 
 Cook, Vincent L. 
 Crary, Charles F. 
 Edgar, Leroy. 
 Fuller, Charles W. 
 Gunn, Charles L. 
 Hart, Robert McD. 
 Hyde, Zebulon E. 
 Irving-, Thomas R. 
 Jaffery, Frank C. 
 James, John F. 
 Kennedy, Charles S. 
 Langdon, Charles E. 
 Lobdell, William C. 
 Mangam, Franklin. 
 Marsh, Charles M. 
 Mattison, Lucius H. 
 Morris, William E. 
 
 Oakley, Alfred. 
 
 Oakley, Nelson H. 
 
 Peck, William H., Jr. 
 
 Platt, William C. 
 
 Robbins, Charles F. 
 
 Robinson, William G. 
 
 *Salter, George F. 
 
 *Samanos, Stephen A. 
 
 Scrymser, Walden P. 
 
 Sexton, Samuel J. M. . 
 
 Smith, William H. 
 
 Spooner, Henry T. 
 
 Stanford, Joseph M. 
 
 Tracy, William W. 
 
 Van Cleet, James B. 
 
 Van Wyck, William E. 
 
 Warren, James R. 
 
 White, Oliver G. 
 
 Wheaton, George H. 
 
 * Worth, Thomas. 
 
 Yard, Wclsey S. 
 
 Carr, William, Hospital Cook. 
 
 Griffin, Lemuel, Hos. Wardmaster. 
 
 FOURTH COMPANY (D). 
 Captain, WILLIAM H. RIBLET. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Henry Everdell. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Fay, Logan (Orderly}. 
 Earle, Edward. 
 Bunting, Robert S. 
 Manning, George F. 
 Smith, Frank K. 
 
 Aikman, Augustus H. 
 Balen, Peter, Jr. 
 Beard, Sylvester C. 
 *Bogert, Arthur W. 
 Boylston, Edgar C. 
 Breeden, Abner H. 
 Breeden, Charles E. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Dougherty, Horace F. 
 *Holly, Henry H. 
 Little, John L. 
 Kipp, William II. 
 
 l y rivates. 
 
 Cantrell, Joseph. 
 Cooper, Joseph G. 
 Cooper, Walter. 
 Crandall, Frank. 
 Day, Clarence S. 
 Dickerson, George A. 
 Dolbear, Thomas H. 
 
256 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Dubois, John S. L. Miller, William L. 
 
 *Everdell, Frank. *Nichols, William L. 
 
 *Ewcn, Norman. Nugent, Henry. 
 
 *Farnam, James. Osborne, Elisha K. 
 
 Ferry, Edwin N. Outcalt, Cornelius B. 
 
 Foster, Henry J. Pendleton, Augustus F. 
 
 Gautier, Samuel. Scamoni, Andrew. 
 
 Gould, Beekman. Sharp, Samuel C. 
 
 Halstcd, Robert. Steele, John H. 
 
 Hays, Benjamin J. Stephenson, Joseph B. 
 
 Hay ward, Melville. Srurtevant, Chester. 
 
 Holly, John E. Taylor, Joseph D., Jr. 
 
 Hodgkinson, Thomas H. Terhune, William II. 
 
 Huntington, Cliarles P. Watkins, Walter A. 
 
 Jarvis, Edward A. Whitlock, Andrew M., Jr. 
 
 Ketchum, John B. Woodhouse, Lorenzo G. 
 
 Lambert, William. Yetman, James E. 
 
 Lawrence, George A. Yetman, John V. 
 Magnus, Theodore. 
 
 FIFTH COMPANY (E). 
 
 Captain, WM. A. SPEAIGHT. 
 \st Lieutenant, W. Seward, Jr. 2d Lieutenant, Stephen O. Ryder. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Hyde, Albert W. (Orderly). Barratt, George P. 
 
 *Halstead, Elbert K. Wyekoff, A. T. 
 
 *Kingsland, Edward W. Mpes, Daniel S. 
 
 Braisted, Peter D. Richards, Daniel W. 
 Eckel, J. Lewis. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Flynn, Joseph. Giravd, Augustus. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bell, John A. . Harward, Wm. E. 
 
 *Bell, Wm. G. Hawkins, John M. 
 
 Cowles, Wm. G. Haynes, C. O. F. 
 
 Dutton, Van Burcn. Jarvis, John F. 
 
 Fox, John W. Jenkins, J. B. 
 
 Fuller, Benjamin. Kingsland, Wm. H. 
 
 Gardiner, E. G. *Loud, John S. 
 
 Godley, John L. Magary, Wm. W. 
 
 Grosvinor, Levi. Murray, Robert. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 257 
 
 Mazzetti, George W. 
 Nicholl, Augustus W. 
 Patterson, H. M. 
 Pease, Edward C. 
 Post, George W. 
 Quail, George. 
 Eeid, Robert. 
 *Rogers, Charles. 
 Romaine, Wm. H. 
 Rust, John H. 
 Sadler, Thomas. . 
 
 Schoonmaker, Henry P. 
 *Smith, Henry W. 
 *Ste\vart, William. 
 Tibbals, Lewis P. 
 Timolat, H. M. 
 *VanderbiIt, DeWitt C. 
 *Wall, William, Jr. 
 Whitney, Thomas E. 
 Yeaton, Samuel C. 
 Young, Lewis L. 
 Eraser, John M., Teamster. 
 
 SIXTH COMPANY (F). 
 Captain, JOSEPH B. YOUNG. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Edward 0. Bird. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Carnes, Lewis M. (Orderly). 
 Palmer, George H. 
 Thomas, George F., Jr. 
 Smedburg, Charles G. 
 Vance, W. Henry. 
 
 Gerard, William. 
 
 Barney, Lewis T. 
 Bassett, Frederic B. 
 Birmingham, J. Erskine. 
 Bissell, Augustus H. 
 *Brady, Abner S. 
 Brinkerhoff, Gordon G. 
 Bronson, Willett. 
 Burnham, Douglass. 
 Chambers, Samuel, Jr. 
 Clark, Washington J. 
 Congdon, Henry M. 
 Congdon, Walter. 
 Conger, William F. 
 Cozzens, Edward. 
 DeHart, William C. 
 Douglass, Archibald. 
 17 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Peyton Jaudon. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Vermilye, Washington P. 
 Gardiner, Charles C. 
 *Barbey, Henry J. 
 Middlebrook, George L. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Hancock, Thomas. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Dunne, James. 
 Elsworth, Asher M. 
 Fernald, William H. 
 Forgerson, Israel. 
 Foster, Augustus C. 
 Foster, James A. 
 Gallatin, Frederick. 
 Gordon, James. 
 Haight, Charles C. 
 Hardy, John F. 
 Harison, Francis. 
 Hart, Giflford R, 
 Hayne, Jacob W. 
 Hicks, Henry W. 
 Holly, Henry Hudson. 
 Hone, John. 
 
258 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Irwin, Frederick T. 
 James, Julian. 
 Jenkins, Elisha J. 
 Kip, William W. 
 *Lawrence, William B. 
 Little, Emlen T. 
 Livingston, Mortimer. 
 Long, John T. 
 Lyon, Amasa. 
 Lyon, Edward. 
 Mallaby, Theodore. 
 Marriner, Edward. 
 McCabe, James. 
 Middlebrook, Charles T. 
 Miller, John. 
 Miller, Lindley H. 
 Murray, Wisner. 
 Musgrave, Joseph. 
 Musgrave, Thomas B. 
 Norton, Charles L. 
 Pattison, William H. 
 *Pell, Alfred, Jr. 
 Pell, James B. 
 Pell, Robert T. 
 Potter, Horatio. 
 
 Potter, Robert. 
 Raynor, James W. (July 5). 
 Robson, John F. 
 *Smith, Edward S. 
 Sniffen, John A. 
 Stephenson, William W. 
 *Stoutenburgh, William A. 
 Taylor, Henry (July 7). 
 Teer, Henry T. 
 Thomas, Henry K. 
 *Timpson, John W. 
 Tomes, Charles H. 
 Turner, H. B. (June 30). 
 Van Benschoten, Edward W. 
 Van Rensselaer, Philip L. 
 Van Wagenen, Wm. M. 
 Vernon, George R. 
 *Walduck, David M. 
 Warren, Robert. 
 *Whiting, William T. 
 ^Williamson, S. Abeel. 
 Wilson, George W. 
 Wood, Wilmer S. 
 *Woolsey, Theodorus B. 
 *Young, Mansfield. 
 
 SEVENTH COMPANY (G). 
 
 Captain, GEORGE W. ELY. 
 1st Lieutenant, John H. U. Kemp. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Edwin M. Felt. 
 
 Bidwell, Henry S. (Orderly}. 
 Coger, John J. 
 Delano, Thomas E. 
 Meacham, George G. 
 McKesson, John, Jr. 
 
 Lydecker, Albert. 
 
 Anderson, John S. 
 A very, John, Jr. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Dunscomb, John H. A. 
 Sherman, Samuel J. 
 Chevalier, George. 
 Callender, William E 
 
 DrummKis. 
 
 Norwood, Richard. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bacon, Richard S. 
 Bancker, Gerard. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 259 
 
 Banks, Joseph E. 
 Barreto, William H. H. 
 Beebe, William H. 
 Bennett, Augustus C. M. 
 Blunt, Edmund. 
 Bowne, Robert S. 
 Campbell, Allen S. 
 Cortelyon, James H. 
 Crane, Edward S. 
 Eddy, Clinton. 
 Fleming, Charles E. 
 Freeborn, James F., Jr. 
 Gardner, John W. 
 Geisse, William F. 
 Greene, Herbert G. C. 
 Hale, Edward D. 
 Harper, Condy. 
 *Hayden, James T. 
 Holdredge, David M. 
 *Hutchins, Robert A. 
 Ingersoll, James H. 
 Jackson, Charles A. 
 Kingsland, Phineas C. 
 Louderback, David, Jr. 
 McDonough, Louis R. 
 McGraw, Richard D. 
 McJimsey, Eugene. 
 Millie, Thomas H. 
 Perrin, Jared L. 
 Phipps, John M. 
 Pinkney, Frederick H. 
 Pomeroy, Edward G. 
 
 Pomeroy, Eugene H. 
 Pomeroy, George V., Jr. 
 Potts, William R. 
 Putnam, Edward T. 
 Putnam, Nathaniel W. 
 Rice, William F. 
 *Risley, Leander S. 
 Roberts, Eugene F. 
 *Schram, James E. 
 Schermerhorn, Charles H. 
 Schermerhorn, Edward E. 
 Schermerhorn, Louis. 
 Schermerhorn, William H. 
 Sherman, Albert G. 
 Shipman, Sylvester D. 
 Smith, Andrew J. 
 Stage, Thomas V. 
 Steers, Abram, Jr. 
 Stephens, Edward. 
 Stokely, Noah B. 
 *Stone* William H. 
 Taylor, William F. 
 Tiffany, George F. 
 Tiffany, Henry D. 
 Tiffany, Lyman. 
 Thorp, Richard A. 
 Trotter, Edgar A. 
 Van Loan, Benjamin F. 
 Wheelwright, William G. 
 Whittingham, Samuel H. 
 Woodward, Newton. 
 Yeoman, Anthony. 
 
 EIGHTH COMPANY (H). 
 
 Captain, HENRY C. SHUMWAY. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, John W. Spicer. 2d Lieutenant, Gilbert L. Arrowsmith. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Rogers, Edmund P. (Orderly). 
 *Marvine, William H. 
 Loder, Benjamin. 
 Ryder, Alfred V. 
 Mather, De Witt C. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Trowbridge, Joseph. 
 Easton, Alfred W. 
 Howell, William. 
 
260 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Peck, John. 
 
 Allen, Charles D. 
 *Arms, Charles E. 
 Barton, Charles A. 
 Bragaw, Elias T. 
 Burdett, Peter G. 
 Burkhalter, John H. 
 Casey, William C. 
 Champion, Charles P. 
 Coles, Edward O. 
 *Coles, William H. W. 
 Curtis, Benjamin L. 
 Dart, Edward. 
 Daskam, James W. 
 Dean, Lascallas. 
 Delano, Victor M. 
 Douglas, John A. 
 Dinsmore, William B. 
 Eager, Peter. 
 Easton, Frederick J. 
 *Eaton, Daniel C. 
 *Eno, Amos F. 
 Gifford, Sanford R. 
 Gillilen, John. 
 Gross, Francis, Jr. 
 *Hall, Robert L. S. 
 Hollister, Henry K. 
 Hurlhut, William H. 
 Jackson, Frank D. 
 Johnson, Ebenezer R. 
 Keeise, John. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Smith, Colville. 
 
 Knight, Azariah. 
 *Lannery, William K 
 Mabie, Foster W. 
 Mann, Daniel S. 
 Mansfield, William D. 
 Morgan, William II. 
 Muller, Adrian H., Jr. 
 Murray, George W 
 Murray, Henry S. 
 Nielson, Edward W. 
 Owen, William H. 
 Pease, Walter A. 
 Polhemus, Henry A., Jr. 
 Richardson, George R. 
 Ross, William B. 
 Russell, Richard. 
 Satherwaite, John F. 
 Smith, Cyrus L. 
 Smith, Louis B. 
 Smith, William W. 
 Swift, Frederick B. 
 Talcott, Edward N. K. 
 Thomas, James R. 
 Van Woert, John. 
 Waldo, Howard. 
 Walz, Ernest. 
 Williams, George P. 
 Willis, John 0. 
 *Woodman, Webster. 
 
 NINTH COMPANY (I). 
 , Captain, CHARLES A. EASTON. 
 1st Lieutenant, Henry A. Cragin. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 McBride, Irwin H. (Orderly). 
 
 Tyng, Thomas M. 
 Barnes, William H. L 
 Mooro, Lawrence, Jr. 
 Keeler, Edwin, Jr. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Charles C. White 
 
 Corporals. 
 A very, Henry N. 
 O Brien, Oswin. 
 Corey, Robert P. 
 Ketchum, Edmund. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 
 261 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Terhune, Edward. 
 
 Abecasis, Marco. 
 ^Andrews, George D. 
 Arthur, Edward G. 
 Barney, Newcomb. 
 Bill, Avery. 
 Blackwell, Charles G. 
 Brock, Henry. 
 Bugel, Benedict. 
 Burdick, Samuel C. 
 Bush, Theodore H. 
 Caldwell, Elisha S. 
 *Calhoun, James. 
 *Carpenter, Samuel W. 
 Center, Alexander. 
 Church, Elihu D. 
 Clark, Robert N. 
 Clark, William M. 
 Davis, George T. M. 
 Dayton, George E. 
 Dunncll, George H. 
 Dtmncll, John H 
 Edgar, Samuel P. 
 *Fordred, Drayson. 
 Huntington, Charles. 
 Kerr, Henry T. 
 King, Charles E. 
 Kinney, Charles N. 
 Knapp, Edgar S. 
 Lent, Whitman S. 
 Lewis, George W. 
 
 Privates, 
 
 Van Raden, Augustus. 
 
 Lounsberry, James H. 
 Macfarlane, Victor W. 
 Marlor, George. 
 Martin, Peter H. 
 McCrea, John E. 
 Mingay, Elwood B. 
 Nandaine, George D. 
 Neilson, Charles E. 
 Oliver, Theodore. 
 Perkins, Frederick W. 
 Proper, Isaac. 
 Rockwell, Fenton. 
 Rodgers, John. 
 Rutherford, John H. 
 Ryan, William H. 
 Salisbury, Edward L. 
 Schermerhorn, Alfred. 
 Schermerhorn, William B. 
 * Seaman, Jamison C. 
 Seaman, William. 
 Shaw, Albert 0. 
 Sprague, Charles G. 
 Stone, George H. 
 Sweet, Milton B. 
 Tufts, John M. 
 *Tyng, Charles R. 
 *Van Iderstine, Peter, Jr. 
 Van Nest, William L. 
 Wheeler, Thomas M. 
 Youle, George. 
 
 TENTH COMPANY (K). 
 
 Captain, GEORGE C. FARRAR (June 17). 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Thomas Lord, Jr. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Lentilhon, Joseph (Orderly). 
 Lawrence, John. 
 Bleecker, James. 
 Bleecker, Theo. B., Jr. 
 Ray, James. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Clinton, Charles W. 
 McJimsey, Robert M. 
 Voorhees, Charles H. 
 Drake, Lawrence. 
 
262 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Field, John. 
 
 Drummers. 
 
 Corrie, Enice. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Beebe, Edward. 
 
 Beyea, James L. 
 
 Boardman, Daniel F. 
 
 Bogcrt, Charles L. 
 
 *Bradshaw, William H. 
 
 Brown, Milnor. 
 
 Cannon, James (Armorer). 
 
 Churchill, John L. (June 5.) 
 
 Clark, Henry W. 
 
 Clarke, Frank (June 1 ). 
 
 Cox, Wittingham. 
 
 De Kuyter, Charles. 
 
 Du Bois, Cornelius I. 
 
 Edey, Henry. 
 
 Foote, Emerson. 
 
 *Freeborn, Thomas. 
 
 Gautry, Harrison J. 
 
 Guion, George G. 
 
 *Hart, Lucius, Jr. 
 
 Howes, Howard S. 
 
 Hyatt, Effingham T. 
 
 Jackson, Oliver P. 
 
 Kobbe, Win. A., Jr. (June 5). 
 
 Lacombe, E. Henry. 
 
 Lawrence, Emlin N. (May 31). 
 
 Leggett, Francis W. 
 
 Livingston, Chas. (June 6). 
 
 Morris, James S. (June 6). 
 
 Morris, Stuyvesant F. (June l). 
 
 Morse, N. B., Jr. 
 
 Milhall, Rene V. 
 
 Macy, Charles A., Jr. 
 
 McAllister, John. 
 
 Mortimer, Clarence A. 
 
 Moss, Nathan F. 
 
 Miller, George N. 
 
 Osborn, Charles H. 
 
 Pierson, Henry L., Jr. 
 
 Schenck, Charles S. 
 
 Schieffelin, Wm. H. 
 
 Scott, David J. 
 
 *Slosson, William. 
 
 Stewart, Albert P. 
 
 Tanitor, Frank L. 
 
 Taylor, James B. 
 
 Thorne, Jonathan. 
 
 *Tucker, John A. 
 
 Valentine, Albert E. 
 
 Van Cortlandt, Aug. (June 6). 
 
 Van Winkle, Edgar B. (June 3). 
 
 Welles, Ed. B. 
 
 White, John C. 
 
 Wotherspoon, Henry H. 
 
 The circumstances of muster-in just noted, and more es 
 pecially the fact that the regiment had been forced to do 
 duty at Baltimore instead of at the front, greatly increased 
 the absenteeism, and the consequent difficulty of granting 
 furloughs, even when the latter were really needed. The 
 difficulties of maintaining the regiment effective were very 
 great, and required much tact on the one hand and de 
 cision on the other. On the 4th of June, in reply to 
 Colonel Lefferts s inquiries, Adjutant -General Hillhouse 
 wrote, that, the muster not having yet been made, " there is 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 263 
 
 no way of enforcing the attendance of absent officers." 
 Two days after the Seventh took possession of Federal 
 Hill, the War Department, in General Order No. 65, de 
 clared that " furloughs will not be granted by captains of 
 companies or colonels of regiments on any pretext what 
 ever. A furlough from such authority will not relieve a 
 soldier from the charge of desertion." Colonel Lefferts at 
 once reminded the Secretary of War of the peculiar cir 
 cumstances under which the regiment had come on, as 
 expressed in General Hillhouse s letter, and asked for the 
 exercise of discretionary power. The Secretary promptly 
 replied, in a letter to General Wool, making the case of 
 the Seventh Regiment a special exception to the order 
 just quoted. Mr. Stanton s letter closed as follows : 
 " Colonel Lefferts will therefore be permitted to grant rea 
 sonable furloughs, with that discretion which he will be 
 careful to exercise." This privilege was a great advantage 
 gained to the regiment, and one for which they were very 
 grateful. 
 
 The next step in the furlough matter was a notification, 
 on the 3d of July, from Brigadier-General Morris, then com 
 manding the forts, that " furloughs to enlisted men can be 
 granted only in cases of extreme necessity, such as serious 
 illness in the family, the evidence of which must accom 
 pany the applications." Finally, the War Department, in 
 a fit of desperation over the absenteeism prevalent through 
 out the army, " revoked and absolutely annulled all fur 
 loughs by whomsoever given, unless by the War Depart 
 ment," and ordered all officers and men " capable of ser 
 vice " to forthwith join their regiments.* 
 
 Garrison life at Federal Hill was not vastly different 
 (save for artillery drill) from camp life at Camp Cameron, 
 
 * General Orders No. 92 and No. 102. The Ninth Company of the Seventh 
 Regiment expelled one of its members, on the 16th of June, for having failed to 
 report on the expiration of his furlough, and to give reasons satisfactory for not 
 reporting. This action was read at evening parade. 
 
264 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 described earlier in this volume. What its general duties 
 were may be learned from Standing Order No. 1, which 
 still remained in force after the departure from Camp Wool, 
 except that " inspection of quarters " was changed to five 
 o clock, P. M., and evening parade to six, P. M. It was a gay 
 and pleasant life, with enough duty and service to make it 
 enjoyable from reveille to tattoo. The morning gun at sun 
 rise, followed by the rattlings of the reveille, startles every 
 man from his bunk, or from his blanket spread under the 
 trees or on the verandah. Roll-call and the morning s wash 
 at the hydrant follow. Then comes a cup of coffee, by way 
 of stimulus to the long company drill, which is terminated 
 only by breakfast. This meal is attacked, after such an 
 appetizer, with vigor, especially as the government rations 
 have been eked out with milk, eggs, fruits, and vegetables 
 bought from hucksters. Guard-mounting and company or 
 battalion drill fill up the morning till dinner. Between 
 that time and the inspection and parade of the evening 
 there is time for leisure and camp sports, and for furloughs 
 to visit the city or the other forts. The delicious hours of 
 evening are passed first on the parapet, and then in front 
 of company quarters, by officers and men in pleasant con 
 verse. Tattoo at ten breaks up these gatherings, and half 
 an hour later come taps, when lights go out, and the day is 
 done. 
 
 A few days after taking possession of the fort, Colonel 
 Lefferts issued the following : 
 
 STANDING ORDER NO. 2. 
 
 Sentinels will not allow any one connected with the regiment to enter 
 or leave the Fort, excepting officers, or such as may have a written pass. 
 
 The countersign will not be given to the Guard until Tattoo, after 
 which time they will challenge all who approach. 
 
 Only officers are allowed the countersign ; and when a soldier de 
 mands admittance to the Fort, upon giving the countersign he must be 
 arrested and confined in the Guard-House. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 265 
 
 Sentinels will not take orders, nor allow themselves to be relieved ex* 
 cept by an officer or non-commissioned officer of the Guard, the Officer 
 of the Day, or the Commanding Officer. 
 
 Sentinels will report every breach of orders or regulations which they 
 are instructed to enforce. They must not quit their posts without being 
 regularly relieved. 
 
 None but colored servants will be allowed to pass in and out at the 
 rear sally port, except upon order of the officer of the Guard, who will, 
 in such case , cause the order or the reasons for it to be registered in 
 the Guard-Book. 
 
 The sally port will be closed at Retreat, and must not be opened again, 
 under any pretext whatever, until eight o clock, A. M , each day. 
 
 The Fort is not open to general visitors, but the friends and relatives of 
 members of the regiment may be admitted. All such persons, however, 
 must leave before twilight. 
 
 No one will be allowed on the parapet except the sentinels, Officer of 
 the Guard, or such persons as may have -official business there. 
 
 All persons arrested (officers excepted) must be detained in the Guard- 
 House until guard-mounting, at which time they will be brought before 
 the Commanding Officer. Soldiers who are late on passes, if not exceed 
 ing half an hour, may be allowed to go to their quarters on parole until 
 gu ar d-moun ting. 
 
 At the suggestion of Surgeon Rogers, it was also made 
 a standing order for the sentinel at the hospital post to 
 permit no officer or non-commissioned officer (except the 
 attendants) to enter or leave the hospital without a pass. 
 
 The battalion and company drills, which were rigid and 
 thorough, were held in the fort, in the street, in the ad 
 jacent parade-ground, or in the open fields near Fort Mc- 
 Henry. The variety of terrain helped give the regiment 
 the remarkable facility and proficiency in manoeuvre which 
 it acquired at Baltimore. The inspection of quarters, with 
 the band playing, was always a soldierly and creditable 
 performance ; but the most brilliant and attractive exercise 
 was the evening dress-parade, held in the fort or the ad 
 jacent street, and usually followed by a drill in the manual 
 of arms or battalion manoeuvres. The number of visitors 
 was always very large. Reviews were frequent. Artillery 
 
266 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 drill, with the heavy ordnance, was established by order 
 of General Morris, and formed part of the day s duties. 
 Police duty was performed with praiseworthy fidelity in 
 all its details. Manning the fire-engine ought certainly 
 to be introduced under the head of the sports, rather than 
 the tasks, of garrison life, especially as no fires occurred 
 during the Seventh s campaign. The guard duty was 
 carefully attended to, as the importance of the station de 
 manded. 
 
 " The guard," says one account, " is mounted with great care, and 
 strictly according to regulation, so the soldier quietly submits to another 
 inspection, stands steadily and composedly in the ranks while the band 
 beats off, witnesses the wonderful evolutions of Drum-Major Graham, 
 glances at the soldier critics who have for him no word or look of sym 
 pathy or pity, and is finally marched in review to the guard-house. If, 
 on the first relief, he is immediately marched by the corporal to his post, 
 and for the next twenty-four hours loses his name and personal iden 
 tity, and is only known as No. 11, 17, or 24, he is fortunate if he 
 escapes the dull posts at the magazines, or the horrors of the rear sally 
 port, and secures a desirable position at the entrance or upon the para 
 pet. The sentry upon the parapet has a fine field for observation and 
 meditation. As he marches back and forth within his prescribed limits, 
 he gazes philosophically upon the amphitheatre of house-tops, upon the 
 beautiful river and bay, dotted with sails and alive with the pursuits of 
 commerce, upon the green hills, or the blue waters of the Chesapeake in 
 the distance, and it is not long before every object within his range of 
 vision is as familiar as the scenes of home or childhood. Should the heat 
 of the day or the brilliancy of the Southern sun be uncommonly oppres 
 sive, his movements become slow, listless, and languid, and he prays for 
 his two hours to expire, and for the welcome relief. Rain sometimes 
 visits the sentry upon his post, in which case he is seen, clad in rubber 
 garments, facing the pitiless storm with arms secured, trudging through 
 mud and water, an abject specimen of miserable humanity. Night shuts 
 out the beautiful prospect, and brings silence and repose to the surround 
 ing world, but no rest to the sentry. Through the long and dreary hours 
 of the night his duty continues, and as there is nothing to divert the 
 eye, he paces slowly up and down, rapt in meditation, dreaming of home, 
 or friends, or of the bright events of the past, scanning leisurely the 
 stirring events of the present, or conjuring up golden visions of the 
 future. If it chance to be moonlight, then the guard duty at night is 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 267 
 
 more pleasant than by day, for the scene is so brilliant in its calm re 
 pose, that many a soldier of artistic eye and poetic mind forgets his sleep, 
 and enjoys its beauties with the sentry. Yet morning light and sun 
 shine are always welcome, for they restore the garrison to life and 
 activity,, and announce the approaching end of the day s guard duty. 
 When not upon post duty, the sentry must be at the guard-house, where 
 he lounges through his few hours of leisure, ready at any moment, at the 
 cry, Turn out the guard ! to seize his musket, take his place in line, and 
 salute the commandant of the post, the officer of the day, or any military 
 visitor entitled to the honor. Nor is there any peace for the sentry, at 
 the guard-house, at night. He must turn out to receive the grand 
 rounds, and if, by chance, he sleeps the corporal of the guard, in search 
 of the members of his relief, wakes him every two hours by a sharp 
 punch of the foot, by rolling him over, or by thrusting a lantern in his 
 face." * 
 
 These routine duties, and a large class of special duties 
 in detached service, which we shall next proceed to record, 
 kept the regiment well occupied ; and as there were few 
 men to spare, no shirking or pretence of sickness was al 
 lowed by Surgeon Rogers. Work, drills, good rations, 
 cleanliness, and abundance of high and pure air, kept the 
 regiment in admirable health throughout the campaign. 
 
 On occupying Federal Hill, the Seventh Regiment found, 
 .that, in obedience to the orders of General Dix, repairs 
 were making in its slopes, <fcc., by direction of Lieutenant- 
 Colonel H. Brewerton, United States Corps of Engineers, 
 unt er the immediate supervision of Assistant-Engineer 
 N. H. Button. The Seventh arrived at a happy moment, 
 since it had just previously been determined to use civilian 
 laborers in place of enlisted men, as hitherto, in making 
 these repairs, anything but pleasant exercise in mid 
 summer. Daily, therefore, Mr. Parkinson, the foreman, 
 with a gang of laborers, entered the fort and ascended the 
 ramparts to do this work, and, agreeably to request from 
 Colonel Brewerton, was afforded " every facility of men and 
 material for the repairs." 
 
 * History of Second Company. 
 
268 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 On the 23d of June, Brevet Brigadier-General W. W. 
 Morris, U. S. A., was placed by General Wool in command 
 of all the forts in Baltimore and its vicinity, with direc 
 tions to make an immediate inspection of them, to see that 
 the guns, platform, and carriages were properly positioned 
 and in working order. It was also ordered that " he will, 
 as far as practicable, cause the garrisons to be instructed in 
 the manual and manosuvres of the guns, and see that the 
 magazines are properly supplied with ammunition." Gen 
 eral Morris accordingly called upon Colonel Lefferts for an 
 immediate report of the defensive condition of the post., 
 and, after minutely inspecting the pieces mounted, to report 
 the amount of repairs, if any, that may be necessary to 
 make them fit for immediate use." A subsequent order 
 called for reports of " how many days fuel and forage you 
 now have on hand at your post. What supply of water, 
 for drinking and cooking purposes, have you within the 
 works of your post ? Also, what are the means of trans 
 portation at your post, namely, horses, wagons, boats, 
 <fec. ? " Still another for information, " as soon as practi 
 cable, of the number of fire-engines, complete (and if the 
 fixtures of the water-works at the post are adapted to the- 
 use of fire-engines), axes, pickaxes, shovels, spades, now at 
 your post." And, in the course of his replies to these and 
 many other inquiries showing an anxiety to put the fort 
 into condition for an emergency, Colonel LefTerts said : 
 
 " I would respectfully state that three of p the eight-inch Columbiads re 
 quire remounting, in consequence of the sinking of the parapets. 
 
 " A party of laborers, under a foreman, sent by the Engineer Depart 
 ment, is at work upon the fort, increasing the thickness of some of the 
 parapets, and keeping the whole in order. 
 
 " I mentioned yesterday, that there are long galleries, or tunnels, run 
 ning under the works. They are quite extensive ; one on the north side 
 passes under the barracks, and within twenty feet of the magazine ; one 
 running from the east side also passes under the barracks." 
 
 It should be noted, that, when the Seventh entered the 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 269 
 
 fort, it was discovered, that, ever since General Butler s en 
 trance into it in 1861, it had been undermined, and people 
 had been taking sand out from the hill. As to the re 
 mounting of the Columbiads, work was begun on them on the 
 7th of July, thirty men being detailed to mount and remount 
 them, agreeably to the following order from head-quarters : 
 
 COLONEL, The Brigadier- General Commanding having received a 
 communication from the Engineer Office, stating that work would be 
 commenced on the Columbiads platformed on the 3d inst., and asking 
 for assistance, directs that thirty (30) men of your command be detailed 
 and placed under the orders of the Assistant-Engineer, and in his absence 
 under Ordnance-Sergeant Isaacs, who will receive instructions from the 
 Assistant-Engineer." 
 
 This detail was chosen from the various companies, and, 
 besides the work indicated, cleaned the guns, repaired the 
 carriages, put the whole into working order, and arranged 
 and distributed ammunition from the magazines. This 
 work was performed under the superintendence of Ordnance- 
 Sergeant Isaacs, who took his instructions from Assistant- 
 Engineer Hutton. 
 
 The importance of Fort Federal Hill at this juncture -was 
 manifest by the strictness of the orders for its guidance. 
 No sand or other material was suffered to be removed from 
 the hill. Hucksters, laundresses, and camp followers in 
 general, were excluded from the fort, unless they had 
 proper vouchers for loyalty and good character. The troops 
 were kept constantly supplied with forty rounds of ammu 
 nition and extra caps, and their pieces habitually loaded, 
 in accordance with the following order from head-quar 
 ters : 
 
 " I. The arms of the troops in garrison, at Forts Federal Hill and Mar 
 shall will be kept loaded habitually. 
 
 " II. Commanding officers of companies will see that their men are fur 
 nished with forty rounds of ball cartridges each, with extra caps in their 
 pouches. 
 
 " III. Officers of the guard will be held responsible that the piece of 
 
270 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 every sentinel posted is in perfect firing order. The pieces will not be 
 capped until it is necessary to fire." 
 
 The Columbiads and howitzers were also kept loaded with 
 shot and shell; and Colonel Lefferts was particularly en 
 joined to have hand grenades ready, " with reference to the 
 surrounding blocks of houses," in the following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FORT MCHENRY, June 30, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL, The Brigadier-General Commanding directs that the 
 Columbiads and sea-coast howitzers at Fort Federal Hill be loaded with 
 shell, the flank casemate twenty-four-pounder howitzers being loaded 
 with grape-shot. This to continue until further orders. 
 
 The General leaves it to your discretion to keep any of the other 
 pieces in your bastions loaded, and would recall to your mind his con 
 versation with you concerning the importance of " hand grenades," in 
 the peculiar position of your fort, with reference to the surrounding 
 blocks of houses. The General takes it for granted that the muskets of 
 your men are kept loaded, and in firing condition, at all times. 
 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 AL. J. S. MOLINARD, Capt. 2d Arty., A. A. A. G. 
 
 While such were the daily duties within the fort, there 
 were plenty of daily details for detached service without. 
 One company was always on duty as before at Mount 
 Clare Station, and the lightness of the task made it a 
 coveted one, especially as there was more opportunity for 
 passes and furloughs, with Baltimore and its beautiful en 
 virons for attractions, or a stroll to the old Carroll House 
 (relic of Colonial grandeur turned to a tavern), or a bath in 
 Spring Garden Creek. A guard of twelve men was always 
 stationed at the storehouse of Brigade-Surgeon C. C. Cox, 
 the medical purveyor of the department, on the corner of 
 Eutaw and Conway Streets, for the protection of the pub 
 lic property at that depot. A guard of a sergeant, a corpo 
 ral, and eight privates, was always on duty at the office of 
 Quartermaster James Belger, having relieved the similar 
 guard of the Third New York. 
 
 Guards, too, were constantly detailed on special detached 
 service. Prisoners of war, arriving in the city in consider- 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 271 
 
 able bodies, were committed to the care of such details, 
 and transported by boat to Fort Delaware, Fort Monroe, 
 and other military prisons. The routine in such cases was 
 commonly for a company, marching simply with drum and 
 fife, to guard the prisoners from the city jail to the boat ; 
 a detachment of an officer and ten men usually transferred 
 them from that point, being provided with one or two days 
 rations, as the case might require. The officer in com 
 mand was furnished with a list of his prisoners, which he 
 turned over to the commanding officer of the prison, taking 
 a receipt therefor. Sometimes, in the march through Bal 
 timore, it was the prisoners who got the demonstrations of 
 sympathy, and the guard the demonstrations of hatred. 
 These trips to Philadelphia and Fort Monroe were greatly 
 coveted, as indeed was all special duty promising a little 
 excitement. Guards, again, were detailed to accompany 
 detachments of recruits, exchanged prisoners, convales 
 cents, or deserters, to Harrison s Landing, Washington, and 
 other points for delivery to the Army of the Potomac or 
 the Army of Virginia. The order, in such cases, might be 
 something like the following specimen : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD., July 1, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, You are hereby respectfully re 
 quested to detail one company of your command to report at the Bal 
 timore City Jail, at one o clock, p. M., of this day, for the purpose of 
 escorting, as a guard, sixty-five prisoners of war to the boat at the corner 
 of Pratt and Light Streets, for Fort Delaware One officer and ten men to 
 proceed with said prisoners to Fort Delaware, and they to be delivered 
 there to Captain A. A. Gibson, commanding at that post, and his re 
 ceipt taken therefor. The residue of the escort may return to your 
 quarters so soon as the prisoners are placed on board of the boat. 
 By command of Major-General Jno. E. Wool, 
 
 H. Z. HAYNES, Major and A. D. C. 
 
 (INDORSEMENT ) 
 
 Received, Fort Delaware, Delaware, July 2, 1862, of Lieutenant 
 Palmer, New York Militia, sixty-four prisoners of war. 
 
 A. A. GIBSON, Captain Second Artillery, Commanding. 
 
272 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Large details were often sent to remove the sick and 
 wounded coming by steamer from Virginia or the hospitals. 
 For example, three commissioned officers and seventy-five 
 men removed the wounded from the Louisiana, July 21, and 
 three officers and fifty men those of the Knickerbocker, 
 July 25, reporting to Brigade-Surgeon C. M. Jones, Medi 
 cal Director. The " History of the Second Company" says : 
 " This unpleasant duty was performed with a care, kind 
 ness, and gentleness so remarkable, that it was noticed in 
 general orders, and received the most flattering commenda 
 tion from the surgeons." 
 
 Funeral escorts were furnished for a time to soldiers 
 buried from the Camden Street General Hospital. A sad 
 duty of this nature was that which a detachment had to 
 perform in the escort of the remains of Lieutenant Baker, 
 of Colonel Lefferts s staff, who died suddenly, on the 12th 
 of June, of heart-disease. An escort was given to the re 
 mains of a member of the Sixty-Ninth Regiment of New 
 York State Militia, then encamped at CJoud s Mills, Vir 
 ginia, for which service hearty thanks were returned by 
 his comrades in this Preamble and Resolution : 
 
 " Whereas, Colonel Marshall Lefferts, of the Seventh Regiment New 
 York State Militia, ordered and directed that said deceased should have 
 a soldier s funeral, and paid the last tribute of respect, which, on account 
 of the urgency of orders, we were prevented from doing ; therefore 
 
 " Resolved, That Colonel Lefferts and the officers and men of his com 
 mand are entitled to the lasting gratitude of the officers and members of 
 not only this company but of the entire regiment ; that while we, from 
 the bottom of our hearts, deplore the loss of so brave a man as the de 
 ceased, the sorrow with which we are filled is alleviated by the prompt 
 and noble impulse which sprung so spontaneously from the courageous 
 bosoms of the Seventh ; and that we tender to them our thanks, while 
 we hope that not a soldier of them shall in like circumstances fail to 
 receive similar honors." 
 
 At the funeral of Ex-President Van Buren (August 4, 
 1862), in obedience to orders from the War Department, 
 
FORT FP:DERAL HILL. 273 
 
 a salute of thirteen guns was fired at dawn of day, and af 
 terwards a single gun at intervals of thirty minutes between 
 rising and setting sun, and at sundown thirty-four guns. 
 The troops were paraded at 10 A. M., and the Depart 
 ment s order was read to them. The national flag was 
 displayed at half-mast, officers wore crape on the left arm 
 and on their swords, and the regimental colors were put in 
 mourning for the rest of the campaign. 
 
 Besides these regular and frequent duties, there were 
 many casual services to be performed, of which, in avoiding 
 a laborious enumeration, one specimen may be given in the 
 following order, sent June 24th from head-quarters to Colo 
 nel Lefferts, and acted upon instantly upon his reception, 
 Company B furnishing the detail : 
 
 COLONEL, As some prisoners were being marched through the city 
 to the jail this morning, a demonstration to rescue them was made from 
 the house on Liberty Street, third door from Lexington. 
 
 Please send a guard of one N. C. Officer and twelve men to guard the 
 premises until such time as the police can arrest the parties. There is 
 a soldier of the Thirty-Seventh Massachusetts guarding the place. 
 By direction of Major-General Wool, 
 
 WM. D. WIIIPPLE, A. A. G. 
 
 P. S. Please inform General Morris when you see him. There is 
 not time to send the order through him. W. D. W. 
 
 There were details of officers for detached service. 
 Lieutenant Murray, of Company C, temporarily acted as Act 
 ing Assistant Adjutant-General, or Post Adjutant, at Fort 
 McHenry, and Assistant-Surgeon Rogers was assigned to 
 duty at the same point. Captain Meday and Lieutenants 
 Palmer and Jaudon were appointed by Department orders 
 as a board " to examine a quantity of beef issued to the 
 Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M., and reported unfit for 
 issue." Even the services of the band were called into 
 requisition, on several occasions, for civic and patriotic 
 purposes, by the people of Baltimore. One of these occa- 
 
 18 
 
274 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 sions, for example, was a flag-raising by the citizens of the 
 Twelfth Ward in honor of the First Maryland Regiment, at 
 the corner of Eutaw and Preston Streets, and another was 
 the celebration of the Fourth of July under the auspices of 
 the Union League Association. And, in addition to the 
 band, a guard of the regiment was sometimes required. 
 The Colonel of the Seventh himself was appointed by 
 General Wool to inspect all the volunteers of the various 
 States encamped at Martinsburgh, Williamsport, Hagers- 
 town, and Frederick, besides the New York Volunteers at 
 Harper s Ferry, with orders to make at each place " a rigid 
 inspection of the troops, having reference to the appearance 
 of the men, their clothing, arms, and equipments, and of 
 the ammunition, including the number of cartridges in the 
 possession of each man and also in store with the regiment, 
 the tents and camp equipage, and the general police of the 
 regiments, and whether the men are properly cared for and 
 properly instructed in their drill." The following were his 
 orders and instructions : 
 
 Colonel Marshall Lefferts, of the Seventh Regiment New York State 
 Militia is appointed to inspect the troops at Martinsburgh, Williams- 
 port, Hagerstown, and Frederick. He will proceed to-morrow in this 
 duty as far as Martinsburgh. After a rigid inspection of the troops of 
 this command, having reference to the appearance of the men, their 
 clothing, arms, and equipments, and of the ammunition, including the 
 number of cartridges in the possession of each man, and also in store 
 with the regiment, he will inspect the tents and camp equipage, and the 
 general police of the regiment, and whether the men are properly care.d 
 for and properly instructed in their duties. 
 
 After performing the services above required, he will proceed to Wil 
 liamsport, Frederick, and Hagerstown, and perform at each place similar 
 services as required at Martinsburgh. 
 
 On returning, he will call at Harper s Ferry and report to Colonel 
 Miles. After which he will inspect the several New York regiments 
 of infantry at that post, where his inspections will be similar to those 
 
 above required. 
 
 JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 275 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD., August 7, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL, In your inspections you will require a return of the troops 
 you may inspect, and ascertain those present, sick, detailed, and on extra 
 duty, and absent, the whole number of each regiment and company. 
 
 JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 BALTIMORE. August 7, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL, The bearer will hand you this note. He will be able to 
 give you some important information. If you can aid him, you will make 
 use of the company at Frederick, or any troops which may come under 
 your inspection. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. 
 To COLONEL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment, Frederick. 
 
 This duty was performed, and an elaborate report of the 
 condition of the various forces of the three armies, with 
 suggestions of changes, was made by Colonel Lefferts to 
 General Wool. 
 
 In fine, with such a multiplicity of duties and details, 
 added to the necessities of granting furloughs to men who 
 claimed them on grounds strongly appealing to justice and 
 sympathy, and with the fact that the regiment was still fur 
 ther depleted, as during its first campaign, by members dis 
 charged to accept commissions in the volunteer army, it 
 will be seen that its three months campaign in Baltimore 
 was a busy as well as a useful one, and to be remembered 
 with pride and pleasure in its annals. " Detachments," says 
 the " History of the Second Company," " were sent into 
 the surrounding country to arrest notorious Secessionists, 
 and one famous expedition was despatched to surprise a 
 Rebel camp and capture their vessel, but failed to find the 
 mythical conspirators or their phawtom pungay. .... 
 On the 26th of June, a squad, under Sergeant Quilliard, was 
 sent to take charge of a house from which a secession flag 
 had been displayed, and to arrest its inmates." 
 
 There were also, of course, the customary inspections 
 
276 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and reviews, by Generals Wool and Morris, and many in 
 formal receptions of civil and military visitors, particularly 
 of officers passing through Baltimore. General Burnside, 
 returning from North Carolina to join the Army of the 
 Potomac, and Colonel Corcoran, returning from his prison 
 in Richmond, were received with the heartiest enthusiasm. 
 After reviewing the regiment, the latter " addressed it 
 with an earnestness and eloquence that electrified his hear 
 ers." As usual in the United States service, the fourth 
 day of July was celebrated to order, with a national salute 
 of thirty-four guns at meridian, fired by squads from the 
 various companies, the rest of the regiment parading dur 
 ing the firing. The remainder of the day was devoted to 
 amusement, and the regimental band helped dignify the 
 Somewhat primitive display of fireworks near the fort. 
 However, General Morris took the precaution to order that 
 " the bastions of the fort should not be used for any display 
 of fireworks, as proposed by the Common Council." The 
 news of the result of the Peninsular campaign had caused 
 fears of an emeute in Baltimore during the day ; all passes 
 to the city were interdicted positively by orders from head 
 quarters, and the regiment was ordered to be ready within 
 the fort, to march, at short notice, to any part of the city. 
 
 Camp sports, as in the campaign of 1861, were greatly 
 resorted to, to offset camp duties ; and aquatic sports, espe 
 cially swimming, were of course favorites. The weather 
 was exceedingly fine throughout the campaign, though 
 sometimes very warm ; but a gracious " General Order No. 
 5," from General Morris s head-quarters, on July 7th, for 
 mally declared that " until further orders the troops of this 
 command will be allowed to wear c straw hats when not 
 on dress duty, said hats to be procured at the expense of 
 the officers and men of the command. Uniformity in 
 shape and size will be observed in procuring said hats." 
 For the rest, according to the " History of the Second Com- 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 277 
 
 pany," " pure air, cool breezes, refreshing showers, bright 
 sunshine by day and charming moonlight by night, com 
 bined to make life pleasant, and to preserve the health and 
 good spirits of the men During the fine warm weath 
 er, swimming was a favorite amusement. The more expert 
 and adventurous preferred the Patapsco, and from the docks 
 or vessels plunged into its deep waters ; others, less confi 
 dent in their skill, sought the pure waters and sloping 
 beach, and the shade and greensward of the more distant 
 Spring Garden. The visits to Spring Garden were often 
 extended beyond the Long Bridge to Ferry Bar, where lovers 
 of aquatic sports could row or sail, and end the amuse 
 ments of the afternoon with a splendid dinner upon fish, 
 soft crabs, boiled chickens, and fresh fruit and vegetables, 
 served in the best style of domestic and seaside cookery. 
 Not a few patronized the bathing-accommodations within 
 the fort ; and in the evening, and at a late hour of the 
 night, large numbers might be seen gathered around the 
 hydrant, sporting in the large bathing-tub, or refreshing 
 themselves with artificial showers from the inexhaustible 
 fountain. The members of the Seventh Regiment will not 
 soon forget the portly figure of Mrs. Robinson, the sutler 
 of the post, and long may they continue to sympathize with 
 her henpecked husband. The renowned Schillenger at 
 length reigned in her stead." The same authority informs 
 us touching the police or fatigue duty, of which the Seventh 
 made something of a specialty : 
 
 " From each company was detailed daily a sufficient num 
 ber of men, in charge of a corporal, whose duty it was to 
 sweep the quarters, keep them neat and clean, and collect 
 and dispose of all the papers and rubbish that chanced to 
 accumulate. It was a menial service, yet all in turn per 
 formed it ; and, armed with broom, sprinkler, shovel, and 
 wheelbarrow, the police squad was marshalled at least 
 twice a day for this necessary duty. Its members endured 
 
278 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 patiently and cheerfully the bad jokes which were perpetu 
 ated at their expense, with the self-satisfying thought that 
 others must endure the same to-morrow ; and it was not 
 uncommon for them to make their unpleasant duties a 
 source of fun and amusement. The corporal of the police, 
 if witty (as corporals often are), marshalled his men with 
 all the pomp and ceremony of a military parade, drilled 
 them in marching and in the manual of arms, addressed 
 them upon the vast importance of their duties, and appealed 
 to them as brave and patriotic soldiers to act well their 
 part." A very fine theatrical company was also organized 
 in the regiment, and gave successful performances. 
 
 As specimens ot some of the other duties, beyond the 
 limits of the fort, already spoken of, I take at random a few 
 from very many official orders and documents of this date : 
 
 FOKT FEDERAL HILL, BALTIMORE, August 13, 1862. 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WHIFFLE, Assistant Adjutant-General 
 
 SIR, In compliance with Special Orders No. 58, dated Head 
 quarters Eighth Army Corps, Baltimore, 9th August, 1862, I received 
 from the Union Relief Rooms a detachment of enlisted men (fifty-eight 
 in number) belonging to different regiments, and accompanied by my 
 detail of fifteen men, as required by said order, proceeded to Harrison s 
 Landing, and turned over the detachment of fifty-eight men to the Pro 
 vost-Marshal-General, whose receipt is herewith enclosed. Which duty 
 having been performed, I returned with my detail to this city, arriving 
 this morning. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 WM. H. RIBLET, 
 
 Captain Company D, Seventh Regiment N. Y. N. G. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD., August 24, 1862. 
 
 Colonel Marshall Lefferts, commanding the Seventh Regiment New 
 York State Militia, will detail a non-commissioned officer and five men 
 from his command to take charge of and conduct to Washington a de 
 tachment of convalescents now in the Camden Street Hospital, and in 
 condition to be sent to their regiments. The non-commissioned officer 
 in charge will ascertain whether the men belong to General McClellan s 
 army or the Army of Virginia, before leaving, and upon his arrival in 
 Washington will turn them over with the accompanying list to Brigadier- 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 279 
 
 General Wadsworth, commanding military district of Washington ; Lav 
 ing completed which duty, he will return to this city with his party. 
 Colonel James Belger, A. D. C. and Quartermaster, will furnish the 
 necessary transportation. 
 
 By command of Major-General Wool, 
 
 WM. D. WHIFFLE, A. A. General. 
 
 (INDORSEMENT.) 
 
 Captain Haws, of Company C, will cause the detail required by the 
 written order to be made, and the instructions to be carried out. 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
 To this summary of the duties and pastimes of the three 
 months garrison duty at Fort Federal Hill, it only remains 
 to add a word regarding the regiment s return, and some 
 events that preceded it. The result of the Peninsular cam 
 paign being such as to displease the military authorities at 
 Washington, a change in command was made in Virginia 
 and at Washington ; and on the 22d of July the War Depart 
 ment issued a General Order confirming the designation of 
 General Porter s corps as the Fifth Army Corps, and that 
 of General Franklin as the Sixth, and constituting the forces 
 of General Dix the Seventh, " those under Major-Gene ral 
 Wool the Eighth," and those of General Burnside as the 
 Ninth Army Corps, respectively. It was in this way that 
 the Seventh Regiment became a part of the Eighth Army 
 Corps. The losses of the army on the Peninsula, and the 
 threatening aspect of the war, induced the President, on the 
 4th of August, 1862, to call three hundred thousand mili 
 tia into the service of the United States, to serve for nine 
 months, unless sooner discharged. So promptly was this 
 call answered, that, when the time came for the three 
 months regiments to be mustered out, they were dis 
 charged, without any movement to retain them. 
 
 The Seventh, however, remained three days longer, at 
 the special request of General Wool, who was unwilling 
 that so important a post should be left by them until well 
 
280 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH, REGIMENT. 
 
 provided for. Pursuant to the orders of the War Office, 
 the regiments in the Eighth Corps were mustered on the 
 morning of the 18th of August ; on the 21st, an intimation 
 that the service was drawing to a close came in Special 
 Order No. 70, from the head-quarters of the Eighth Army 
 Corps, directing" the commanders of all regiments enrolled 
 for three months, serving in this army corps, and whose 
 term of service has nearly expired," to " cause the neces 
 sary muster and pay rolls to be made out and forwarded." 
 On the 24th, an order from General Wool instructed all the 
 New York three months regiments in his command to hold 
 themselves in readiness to return to that city, " preparatory 
 to their being mustered out of the service of the United 
 States." 
 
 It so happened that the term of the Seventh expired that 
 day, the 24th. But at the special request of General 
 Wool it remained in service, at his pleasure, till such time 
 as it could be discharged without detriment to tho needs of 
 the Department. Accordingly, General Wool sent to 
 Governor Morgan the following letter, in his own hand, 
 which will best explain, in a few words, the importance of 
 the position which the Seventh had occupied, the opinion 
 entertained of its value as a regiment by the distinguished 
 Corps Commander, and its conduct in volunteering to serve 
 beyond its time : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS EIGHTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 BALTIMORE, August 24, 1862. 
 His EXCELLENCY E. D. MORGAN Albany. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment New York State Militia will leave this De 
 partment on Thursday, the 28th, for New York, to be mustered out of 
 service. Can you not send me a first-rate regiment to take its place in 
 the fort on Federal Hill ? It is an important position for the defence of 
 Baltimore. The Seventh remains three days over its time of service at 
 my request. Please answer. 
 
 JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. 
 
 It is seen that now, as in 1861, the Seventh, after mus- 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 281 
 
 tering in voluntarily for a longer time than they had agreed, 
 willingly extended that longer time by three days, for the 
 good of the service. 
 
 On the 26th, Colonel Lefferts received a notification from 
 corps head-quarters that " the Major-General Commanding 
 proposes to review your regiment to-morrow evening at five 
 or half past five o clock." This review took place in the 
 presence of about three thousand persons, many of whom 
 were distinguished officials, civil and military, and ladies ; 
 and, what with the salutes, the review, the elaborate bat 
 talion drill, the parade, the exceedingly complimentary com 
 ments of General Wool, and the pleasant entertainment 
 given by the Colonel to the General and his staff, the 
 occasion was made very enjoyable. The Press despatch, 
 in describing this affair, says : 
 
 " About five o clock the visitors commenced arriving, and were cour 
 teously received by the officer of the day. They occupied seats in the 
 balcony and along the porches of the barracks opening upon the parade. 
 The companies, nine in number (the Tenth being necessarily absent), 
 formed in line, and, soon after the colors were saluted, the rolling drum, 
 the turn-out of the guard, and the discharge of cannon, announced the 
 arrival of the General. A detachment of gunners manned the batteries 
 and fired a salute of thirteen guns in honor of the head of the Depart 
 ment. At the same time the visitors, as well as the military, who were 
 at rest greeted the General with hearty cheers. 
 
 " The column, after going through the manual of arms, passed out of 
 the work, and for an hour was drilled on Warren Street. All the move 
 ments (some by trumpet call) were most admirably executed, and were 
 applauded by the visitors. After the review was over, General Wool 
 addressed Colonel Lefferts, and spoke in the most commendable terms 
 of the appearance and discipline of the men. He said that for many 
 years he had been called upon to review columns some consisting of 
 twenty thousand men, but he never saw a regiment which executed the 
 various movements with so much regularity, and accompanied with so 
 much animation and spirit. After the dismissal of the parade, the Gen 
 eral and staff were entertained by Colonel Lefferts in the main building, 
 during which time many pleasant things were said. The Colonel states 
 that during their sojourn of three months in Baltimore they have made 
 
282 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 many friends, that not a single unpleasant circumstance has occurred, 
 and that they will cherish many welcome reminiscences during their 
 occupancy of the fort. It is also gratifying to state that the men leave 
 in good health, only four of the entire command (about eight hundred 
 in number) being reported unable to discharge duty." 
 
 On the 2 7 th the order for relieving the Seventh was issued, 
 the same day was rescinded, and on the day following was re 
 newed. On the afternoon of Thursday the 28th of August, 
 a New York regiment, one thousand strong, marched into 
 the fort and relieved th eleventh, which was then about eight 
 hundred strong. This regiment was commanded by the ac 
 complished gentleman and devoted patriot, Colonel Peter 
 Augustus Porter, who fell at Cold Harbor. It was the One 
 Hundred and Twenty-Ninth New York, a fine body of 
 troops, who served no less than twenty months in the de 
 fences of Baltimore, on succeeding the Fifth and the Sev 
 enth New York, and then, under the name of the Eighth 
 New York Heavy Artillery, over two thousand strong, ren 
 dered excellent service in Grant s Virginia campaign. Be 
 fore evening the Seventh bade good by to Federal Hill, 
 and was on its way, via Harrisburg, to Easton, Pennsyl 
 vania, which place was reached at 5 A. M. At noon of 
 the 29th, after a twenty-four hours journey, it reached New 
 York, and was received, as before, with overwhelming en 
 thusiasm by thousands of people assembled on the line of 
 march from the pier to the armory. Their neat appear 
 ance, steady and soldierly inarch, and sunburnt faces, gave 
 evidence of the work they had been doing, and the applause 
 of the spectators was hearty and unrestrained. On the 5th 
 of September the regiment was mustered out of the United 
 States service by Captain Mott, after a term of one hundred 
 and two days. On the 16th its members received pay for 
 a service of three months and ten days. 
 
 It happened, that, during the last days of August, the 
 country was again in- excitement -over the threatening 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 283 
 
 movements of the enemy ; and the National War Com 
 mittee, meeting on the 2d of September in the Chamber 
 of Commerce rooms, New York, earnestly urged the Wai- 
 Bureau to " recall the militia regiments from this city which 
 have recently returned"; adding, "We believe they will go 
 at a moment s notice." General Halleck curtly answered : 
 " The New York militia regiments were requested to re 
 main when the danger was more imminent than at present, 
 but declined to do so. Under these circumstances they 
 will not be recalled." A statement so utterly unfounded 
 in fact, so unjust, and so ungrateful, brought out a sharp 
 reply from Colonel Lefferts, published in the various news 
 papers of New York, and similar remonstrances from Lieu 
 tenant-Colonel Aspinwall of the Twenty-Second, Colonel 
 Varian of the Eighth, and various officers of the Thirty- 
 Seventh, Sixty-Ninth, Seventy-First, and the other regiments 
 which had returned. These officers showed that their men 
 would have gladly stayed, had their services been required, 
 and some of them, like the Seventh, did stay several days 
 beyond their term ; but no such request as that alleged by 
 General Halleck was ever made. The following was the 
 letter from Colonel Lefferts, vindicating his regiment : 
 
 " A telegraphic correspondence between the National War Committee 
 and Major-General Halleck, published this morning, charges the regi 
 ments of the New York State Militia with refusing to remain in the 
 field when asked to do so. General Halleck goes further, and states 
 that the danger was then imminent, and, as they then refused, they will 
 not now be recalled. 
 
 " I feel that justice to the soldiers of my command requires that I 
 should publicly deny the statement in so far as it relates to my regiment. 
 The others will answer for themselves. I entertain a high regard and 
 personal respect for the Commander-in-Chief, and feel that some blunder 
 has been committed, causing him, perhaps quite innocently, to state what 
 was not true, and what was ungenerous and unkind to those who have 
 endeavored to do their duty. Many a soldier s honor will smart under 
 the charge that they refused to remain when asked to do so, at a time 
 when there was danger ; and I most distinctly state that no such request 
 
284 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 was made, directly or indirectly, of me or of my regiment. Had it been 
 made, I have no doubt it would have been promptly and willingly met. 
 On two occasions when a dark cloud was hanging over our fair institu 
 tions, and the government called for troops, the Seventh Regiment 
 marched at once, without regard to personal sacrifice, at the call. Let 
 it be borne in mind that in both cases the service on the part of the 
 regiment was voluntary, and it would not be likely to refuse its services 
 under the circumstances stated. It will be seen from the following that 
 the regiment was in no hurry to leave : 
 
 EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 BALTIMORE, August 24, 1862. 
 His EXCELLENCY E. D. MORGAN, Albany. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment, New York State Militia, will leave this on 
 Thursday, 28th, for New York, to be mustered out of the service. Can 
 you not send me a first-rate regiment to take its place in the fort on 
 Federal Hill ? It is an important position for the defence of Baltimore. 
 The Seventh remains three days over its term of service, at my request 
 
 JOHN E. WOOL, Major-General. 
 
 SPECIAL ORDERS No. 76. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 BALTIMORE, August 27, 1862. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment, New York State Militia, will be relieved from 
 duty in this department to-morrow morning, and, under the command 
 of Colonel Lefferts, will proceed to the city of New York; when it will 
 be mustered out of the service of the United States. 
 
 Colonel Porter, One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth Regiment New York 
 Volunteers, now at Camp Belger, will march into and occupy Fort 
 Federal Hill as the Seventh Regiment march out. 
 
 By command of Major-General Wool, 
 
 W. D. WHIPPLE, Assistant Adjutant-General. 
 
 I will now take occasion to state, that, when the regiment left for 
 Washington, in May last, a letter from the Adjutant-General to the 
 Honorable Secretary of War informed him that our term of service was 
 only for thirty days. I saw Mr. Stanton before the thirty days were 
 up, and he represented to me that the government was desirous that the 
 regiment should be mustered into service for three months, giving his 
 reasons for the request. I returned to Baltimore and represented to the 
 members of the regiment what the Secretary had requested, and they 
 immediately and without hesitation voted to remain three months. I 
 appeal to those who have charge of the destiny of our country, whether 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 285 
 
 this is the best way to secure soldiers or unite indissolubly the varied 
 interests of our people. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 NEW YORK, September 4, 1862. 
 
 These remonstrances being brought to the notice of Gen 
 eral Halleck, that officer sent an acknowledgment of the 
 "error" into which he had fallen. "I now learn," he 
 wrote on the 8th to Mr. W. H. Aspinwall, " that an order 
 had been previously issued, without the knowledge of the 
 Secretary of War or of myself, to send these troops back to 
 New York at the end of their enlistment. When I tele 
 graphed the New York committee, I supposed the regiments 
 had, while here, declined to remain, but on their arrival in 
 New York had offered to return. In this I was in error, 
 and my telegram was calculated to do them injustice. 
 Please explain this to them. H. W. HALLECK, General-in- 
 Chief." 
 
 But though it did not return to the front, the service 
 of the Seventh was not jet finished. A few days after the 
 return, the Spinola Brigade, then recruiting for the war, 
 broke out into a mutiny at its camp at East New York, 
 a mutiny partly due to the incompetency of many of its offi 
 cers and the want of discipline among its men, but more 
 immediately to the non-payment of a promised bounty. 
 Drunk and disorderly, the dissatisfied soldiers defied and 
 insulted their officers, who applied to have a trustworthy 
 regiment sent them for guard, whom the rioters would fear. 
 Brigadier-General Hall, commanding the First Division, on 
 the llth of September directed Colonel Lcffcrts to detail 
 five companies of his command, with the necessary camp 
 equipage, to report to General Spinola at his camp by noon 
 of the 12th (Friday), for ten days service, unless sooner 
 relieved. Companies H, B, F, G, and I were accordingly 
 detailed for this purpose, and were assembled at ten o clock 
 of Friday, the 12th, at the armory, armed and equipped, 
 
286 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and were there supplied with twenty rounds per man. The 
 battalion was put under command of Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Price, and proceeded at noon to the camp, the old famil 
 iar drill-ground at East New York. The day following, the 
 other five companies were held in readiness to move in 
 support. 
 
 The condition of the camp in which the mutiny occurred, 
 at the time the Seventh Regiment was called upon, may be 
 best pictured, probably, by quoting a sm all part of the 
 account given by the New York Express, as follows : 
 
 "ANOTHER MUTINY IN THE SPINOLA BRIGADE AT EAST NEW 
 YORK. THE SEVENTH REGIMENT, NATIONAL GUARD, ORDERED 
 OUT, WITH TWENTY ROUNDS OF BALL CARTRIDGES The Spinola 
 Brigade has distinguished itself by another riot, and a sweeping ske 
 daddle from camp. The last mutiny in which it engaged is still in the 
 remembrance of the public, especially the residents of East New York, 
 the rendezvous of the troops, where they have been a terror to 
 peaceable citizens. Many of the prominent leaders in the recent riot 
 had been removed from the camp, preparatory to being court-martialed, 
 but several remained, and used every disadvantageous circumstance to 
 demoralize the brigade. 
 
 " Yesterday, the second riot in the brigade occurred, the men having 
 been previously prepared for it by intoxication. The cause of the mu 
 tiny is said to be the payment of bounty money only to recruits who 
 have recently enlisted, thus shutting out others from the reward. The 
 War Committee of Queen s County have awarded sixty dollars to all 
 recruits who have enlisted within the last few days. This action re 
 sulted in hundreds of men joining the regiments composing the brigade. 
 The bounty was paid them, and they secured, it is stated, leave of ab 
 sence. They improved the indulgence by spending the money in the 
 drinking-saloons in the neighborhood of the camp and throughout Wil- 
 liamsburgh and Brooklyn ; and subsequently returned to the rendezvous 
 drunk, disorderly, and insolent. Those in camp who were not so for 
 tunate as to receive the bounty became disaffected, and in some in 
 stances the moneyed soldiers were challenged to fight. Encounters 
 throughout the day were common, and the officers generally seemed to 
 have lost all control of their men. The demoralization of the brigade 
 will appear thorough and complete, when it is known, as stated by one 
 of the men, that out of three thousand and eight men who took part in 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 287 
 
 a dress-parade on Sunday last, not more than half that number were 
 present in camp yesterday. 
 
 " At noon, on Thursday, the riot began to culminate. Some of the 
 officers were hooted at by the men in the tents. At one time in the day 
 the soldiers conspired to have a general skedaddle, and some of them 
 escaped. They continued, however, to run in and out through the 
 camp, and seemed to defy restraint. In this manner the men spent 
 the day and night yesterday. 
 
 " In anticipation of a greater mutiny and a complete assault on the 
 officers, it was determined to have a proper military force to guard the 
 men, and, if necessary, shoot down a few to strike terror, if not discipline, 
 in the rest. A requisition for troops was then made, and Colonel Lef- 
 ,ferts, in obedience to an order of General Hall, ordered five companies 
 of the Seventh Regiment, National Guard, to proceed to East New 
 York. The companies arrived armed and equipped, with one day s 
 rations, and were supplied with twenty rounds of ball cartridges. They 
 proceeded to East New York, via the Grand Street (Williamsburgh) 
 Ferry at noon. 
 
 " It is expected that they will meet with considerable opposition, but 
 it will be perceived by the above arrangements that they are prepared 
 for all emergencies." 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Price s detachment found, however, 
 that the drenching rain-storm in which it marched over to 
 East New York had apparently sobered the drunk and 
 dampened the spirits of the disorderly. A disagreeable 
 tour of guard duty, and sleep on the wet ground and in wet 
 clothing and blankets, were the most unpromising features 
 of the night. The week s hard guard duty which followed, 
 though sometimes rendered exciting by attempts to desert, 
 was mainly monotonous. For the rest, the following re 
 port of Colonel Price will sufficiently tell the story of the 
 tour of duty at East New York : 
 
 NEW YORK, October 7, 1862. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Command g Seventh Reg t N. Y. N. G. 
 COLONEL, In accordance with your instructions, I proceeded, on the 
 12th ultimo, to East New York (for special guard duty at brigade en 
 campment) with Companies B, F, G, H, and I of the Seventh Regi 
 ment, and reported to Brigadier-General F. B. Spinola, at half past five, 
 
288 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 p. M., on that day, on the camp-ground ; my total number being two 
 hundred and twenty-two. 
 
 General Spinola was very anxious that I should furnish at least one 
 hundred and twenty-five posts, and also desirous to withdraw his own 
 guard (which he stated was not to be relied on) ; but upon my showing 
 him it would be impossible to furnish more than fifty posts with the 
 force under my command, he left the matter entirely to my discretion, 
 and, as usual, returned to the city. Upon consultation with Adjutant 
 Boker of the One Hundred and Thirty-Second New York Volunteers 
 (one of the four regiments composing the brigade), I decided to post, as 
 an exterior guard, fifteen men round the camp of the First Regiment, 
 fifteen men round the camp of the Fourth, and twenty men round the 
 barracks where the Second and Third Regiments were quartered. Our 
 guard were furnished with a countersign, while their guard was not. 
 The countersign for the night of the 12th was " Leflferts." During the 
 evening, three detachments, under Lieutenants Spicer and Ryder and 
 Sergeant v reported to me, in all about fifty men. 
 
 On the morning of the 1 3th, under the direction of the Quartermaster 
 and Adjutant, our camp was laid out, and tents for five companies 
 pitched midway between the barracks and the camp of the Fourth Regi 
 ment. We spent the night of the 1 2th in the tents pitched for the 
 Second Regiment, and vacated them about noon (before our own tents 
 were all up), the Second Regiment having vacated the barracks ready 
 to occupy their own camp. 
 
 A timely arrival of seventy-five rank and file under Lieutenant Lord, 
 of Company K, at 6 o clock on the afternoon of the 1 3th, enabled the 
 Adjutant to turn off the guard without calling upon any of the previous 
 guard for a second tour of duty. During the evening, Lieutenant 
 Seward and Lieutenant Meday reported for duty. 
 
 I have to report, that Drum-Major Graham left the camp on the even 
 ing of the 13th, after having been refused permission to absent him 
 self, and did not make his appearance during the time I was in command. 
 
 I have also to report, that liquor was openly sold inside our lines, as 
 I believe, and was informed, by permission of the Commanding General. 
 Upon my reporting to him the fact of liquor being sold within the line 
 of sentries, he professed to be amazed, and said the practice must and 
 should be abated. Finding that liquor was still openly sold, 1 directed 
 the officer of the day (Captain Clark, Company B), by an order in 
 writing, to notify the principal or the assistants of the main drinking- 
 establishment (on one corner of the barracks) to close up said estab 
 lishment within fifteen minutes after the receipt of the order, otherwise 
 to arrest both principal and assistants, and have the guard close up said 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 289 
 
 place. The principal immediately closed up the dram-shop (remarking 
 that he had the permission of General Spinola to keep it open), and it 
 remained closed, as I am informed, until the afternoon of said day (Sun 
 day, 14th September), when General Spinola ordered and directed the 
 establishment to be opened and remain open. 
 
 Upon inspection parade, at 9, A. M., on- Sunday the 14th, there were 
 present and on guard a grand total of three hundred and seventy-one 
 rank and file, drummers, non-commissioned officers, and officers; but 
 in this number were included very strong representations of Companies 
 A, C, D, E, and K. At this parade I directed the officers in command 
 of companies and detachments to report to me the names and resi 
 dences of members absent without leave, and also the names and resi 
 dences of members who had not up to that time made their appearance 
 upon the ground. Before such reports could be received by the Adju 
 tant, your order, directing Major Nevers to relieve me of the command 
 of the detachment, was received. I immediately turned over the com 
 mand to the Major ; furnishing him with copies of all orders issued by 
 me, as well as the original order from the acting Major- General, and 
 such information as he desired. In response to my call upon the 
 Adjutant for the returns I directed to be made to me, he informed me 
 " that partial returns were made upon little slips of paper, and they 
 had all been mislaid or lost." I at once called upon the captains of the 
 first five companies for their reports in detail, and only yesterday re 
 ceived the last report. I append hereto said reports of Companies B, 
 F, G, H, and I, which in substance are as follows : absent without 
 leave, 14 (Company I, 12; Company F, 2). I have no doubt that 
 others were absent from Companies B, G, and H, but they are not so 
 reported. Not present at all at East New York, Company B, 15 ; Com 
 pany F, 15; Company G, 36; Company H, 51 ; Company I, 17. To 
 tal, 134. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 
 Lieut.- Colonel Commanding Detachment Seventh Reg t. 
 
 The truth is, that, while it was undoubtedly an honor to 
 the regiment to be the first called upon in an emergency of 
 this kind, yet it was an honor somewhat familiar in its long 
 historic experience with riots, and one that could not com 
 pensate for the disagreeable features of the duty. It was 
 an ungracious task, and was so felt to be by the regiment, 
 for militia to be employed in guarding volunteers ; and the 
 
 19 
 
290 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 special circumstances of the case made the duty doubly dis 
 agreeable. Besides, following so close on the heels of a 
 prolonged tour of duty at the South, it did not awaken that 
 sort of interest it might otherwise have done. At best, it 
 was felt to be a sorry afterpiece to the duty at Federal Hill ; 
 and hence, though it continued for a week, when the Seventh 
 Regiment was relieved by the Twenty-Second, it is better to 
 consider that the Seventh s campaign of 1862 ended with 
 the 2d of September. 
 
 On the 6th of September, the Governor issued an order 
 of thanks, through the Adjutant-General s office, to the 
 returned militia of the State. " The Commander-in-Chief," 
 it said, " avails himself of the occasion of the return of the 
 Seventh, Eighth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twenty-Second, Twenty-Fifth, Thirty-Seventh, Forty-Sev 
 enth, and Sixty-Ninth Regiments of the National Guard to 
 the State of New York, to thank them for the services they 
 have rendered to the country, and for the honor they have 
 reflected on the State. Summoned the second time in 
 thirteen months by a sudden and urgent call to the aid of 
 the general government, they consented cheerfully to the 
 sacrifice of private interests, and abandoned, at almost a 
 moment s notice, all private occupations, to hasten to the 
 defence of the national capital, then in danger. Habituated 
 to the comforts and enjoyments of wealthy and peaceful 
 communities, they have, during their prolonged absence 
 from their homes, submitted without a murmur to the 
 hardships, the privations, and to the labors of the life of a 
 soldier, and they have discharged with fidelity and alacrity 
 every duty they were called to perform, and have stood 
 ready to encounter every danger they might be called upon 
 to meet. Their conduct has entitled them to the thanks of 
 the government they were summoned to defend, and has 
 won for them tlje gratitude arid confidence of the people. 
 It gives assurance that, notwithstanding the vast army of 
 
FORT FEDERAL HILL. 291 
 
 volunteers the State of New York has sent to the defence 
 of the Union, she has her National Guards always at her 
 command, ready now, as heretofore, to respond to any call 
 that may be made on it by the general government, and 
 able at the same time to preserve the peace, maintain the 
 rights, and defend the liberties of her own people, and from 
 whatever form or whatever quarter they may be assailed." 
 
 The regiment had now, in the summer and autumn, 
 reached its highest degree of discipline and soldierly excel 
 lence. Its brief campaign in 1861, its one hundred days 
 campaign in 1862, both in actual service, had given it an 
 experience which nothing in its previous history had fur 
 nished. It was higher than ever in prestige, its ranks were 
 full, its condition admirable, its enthusiasm very great. It 
 was therefore with great confidence that Colonel LefTerts, 
 on the occasion of the annual Washington s birthday parade, 
 .in 1863, invited, amongst other distinguished officers, Major- 
 General George B. McClellan to review the regiment. " We 
 should esteem it a high honor," he wrote to that officer, 
 " if you would review the regiment on that day, at such 
 hour and place, during the afternoon, as may be agreeable 
 to you." To this invitation the General answered as fol 
 lows : 
 
 NEW YORK, February 19, 1863, 22 WEST Slsx STREET. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Command g Seventh Reg t N. Y. S. N.G. 
 
 COLONEL, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your 
 very kind letter of the 18th. 
 
 I regret exceedingly that my engagements will not permit me to do 
 myself the honor of reviewing your splendid regiment on the day in 
 question. 
 
 While offering my thanks for the compliment you have paid me, per 
 mit me to express my great admiration for a regiment which has furnished 
 so many excellent officers to our army, and which has so often shown it 
 self ready to sacrifice everything in the service of the country. 
 
 I am, Colonel, very respectfully your obedient servant, 
 
 GEO. B. MCCLELLAN, Major-General. 
 
292 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 
 
 UMMER of 1863, which so 
 gloriously culminated in the 
 twin victories of Yicksburg 
 and Gettysburg, dawned fore 
 boding to the Union arms. 
 The repeated checks expe 
 rienced by General Grant 
 before Vicksburg had begot 
 ten a distrust of his sixth 
 attempt, now under way. 
 In Virginia, five army com 
 manders McDowell, Mc- 
 Clellan, Pope, Burnside, and 
 Hooker had in turn been 
 overthrown. A great de 
 feat had just been endured 
 at Chancellorsville, a de 
 feat made the sorer by the 
 hopes wherewith battle had been joined. 
 
 At this juncture a new terror loomed in the eastern 
 horizon. Lee, inspired by his recent victory, and heading 
 a numerous army, swept down the Shenandoah Valley, 
 crossed the Potomac, and, before the stupefied North shook 
 off its amaze, his vanguard bivouacked among the aban 
 doned farms of Pennsylvania. 
 
 The wild cry that came from the latter State was hardly 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 293 
 
 needed to arouse the militia of New York and New Jersey. 
 As audacious now as hitherto he had been wary, the Con 
 federate commander had transferred the seat of war from 
 Virginia to the North. His army, seventy thousand 
 strong, was not only equal in effective numbers to the 
 Army of the Potomac, but was at its highest mettle. On 
 the other hand, the Union Army, which had lost thirty thou 
 sand men in two battles, was losing thousands more each 
 day by expiration of service, and was now subjected to 
 another change of commanders. It was clear at a glance, 
 that, without instant check, the Confederate General would 
 pass the Susquehanna, capture Washington, Baltimore, and 
 Philadelphia, and dictate terms of peace on Northern soil. 
 Or, at best, he would effect such a lodgement on that soil as 
 would secure for his government the decisive advantage of 
 foreign recognition. 
 
 Such was the crisis which summoned the militia of the 
 North for the third time to the front, and such the crisis in 
 which the Seventh marched, as ever, leading the van from 
 New York. 
 
 To Milroy, who, with head-quarters at Winchester, com 
 manded a force of ten thousand men, about two thirds ef 
 fectives, had been committed the charge of the Shenan- 
 doah Valley. The initial step in Lee s scheme of invasion 
 was to manoeuvre Hooker from the Rappahanuock by turn 
 ing his right in the country lying east of the Blue Ridge. 
 Milroy had just force enough to be despised as resistance 
 and coveted in capture. The 14th of June, at nightfall, 
 Ewell appeared in force before Winchester, and next day 
 annihilated Milroy, taking four thousand prisoners, twenty- 
 eight guns, and much spoil. Hooker was already rapidly 
 retrograding from the Rappahannock ; the Shenandoah 
 avenue was clear for Lee s columns ; the War Depart 
 ment had hurriedly divided Pennsylvania (to help mat 
 ters) into two military departments ; Governor Curtin had 
 
294 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 called nay, shrieked for the Pennsylvania militia to 
 come forward, and his call had fallen mainly on deaf 
 ears ; when, on the 15th of June, the President, im 
 pressed with the magnitude of the crisis, summoned the 
 nearest States, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania 
 and Ohio, to furnish 100,000 militia forthwith, West 
 Virginia, 10,000 ; Maryland, 10,000 ; Pennsylvania, 50,000 ; 
 Ohio, 80,000. 
 
 But, doubting (and with justice, as events proved) 
 whether these 100,000 would be forthcoming in States like 
 Pennsylvania and Ohio, where, at that time as now, the 
 militia system was much neglected, Secretary Stanton 
 simultaneously appealed to New York for 20,000 men, or 
 less, to be hurried forward. This was a private appeal ; 
 but it received a response as prompt as an order ; and it is 
 a matter of history, that, in this dark hour before the dawn, 
 New York furnished more troops upon her voluntary quota 
 than any of her sister States appealed to in the President s 
 original order. 
 
 On the loth of June, simultaneously with the President s 
 call, Secretary Stanton telegraphed as follows to Governor 
 Seymour : 
 
 WASHINGTON, June 15, 1863. 
 To HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR SEYMOUR, Albany. 
 
 The movements of the Rebel forces in Virginia are now sufficiently 
 developed to show that General Lee, with his whole army, is moving 
 forward to invade Maryland, Pennsylvania, and other States. The 
 President, to repel this invasion promptly, has called upon Ohio, Penn 
 sylvania, Maryland, and Western Virginia for one hundred thousand 
 militia for six months unless sooner discharged. It is important to have 
 the largest possible force in the least time ; and if other States would 
 furnish militia for a short term, to be credited on the draft, it would 
 greatly advance the object. Will you please inform me immediately if 
 in answer to a special call of the President you can raise and forward, 
 say twenty thousand militia or volunteers, without bounty, to be credited 
 in the draft of your State, or what number you can probably raise ? 
 
 E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War. 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 295 
 
 Governor Seymour replied as follows : 
 
 ALBANY, June 15. 
 HON. EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. 
 
 I will spare no effort to send you troops at once. I have sent orders 
 
 to the militia officers of the State. 
 
 HORATIO SEYMOUR. 
 
 And, in fact, as the wires conveyed this despatch, they 
 carried also stirring appeals and orders for immediate 
 march from Governor Seymour to all the available regi 
 ments in the State. Here, for example, is the despatch sent 
 to the Second Division head-quarters at Brooklyn : 
 
 ALBANY, June 15. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL H. B. DURYEE, Brooklyn. 
 
 How many men from your division can be sent immediately for defence 
 of Washington and vicinity, to serve for six months, they receiving the 
 State bounty, and to apply on the draft ? Answer at once. The Gov 
 ernor desires you will report here this evening in person. 
 
 J. B. STONEHOUSE, A. A. A. G. 
 
 The next day, Mr. H. H. Ward, manager of the tele 
 graph office, telegraphed to Colonel Lefferts, then at Rye : 
 " A reply from Stanton to Governor Seymour returns thanks, 
 and thinks a strong movement of city regiments would be 
 encouraging." And the following request, in fact, w^as sent 
 to General Sanford for the use of the city regiments in 
 Pennsylvania : 
 
 WASHINGTON, June 16, 1863. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL SANFORD, Albany. 
 
 The government will be glad to have your city regiments hasten to 
 Pennsylvania for a term of service. It is not "possible to say how long 
 they might be useful, but it is not expected that they would be detained 
 more than three months, possibly not longer than twenty or thirty days. 
 They would be accepted for three months, and discharged as soon as the 
 present exigency is over. If aided at the present by your troops, the 
 people of that State ought soon to be able to raise a sufficient force to 
 relieve your city regiments. 
 
 EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. 
 
 The first telegram from Albany for help, meanwhile, had 
 
296 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 coine, as usual, to the Seventh Regiment. It was directed 
 to Colonel Lefferts, and ran as follows : 
 
 ALBANY, June 15, 1863, 7.15 p. M. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. G. 
 
 The Governor desires to know immediately how soon the Seventh 
 Regiment can be in readiness to move to Philadelphia. Cannot the 
 Seventh be the first regiment ? 
 
 J. B. STONEHOUSE, 
 
 Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, who chanced to be absent from the city, 
 at Rye, that evening, did not receive this despatch until the 
 next morning at ten o clock, when he answered at once, 
 and directly to the point, " I can move with my regiment 
 this evening- " ; adding a request to know definitely the 
 length of service proposed, " in order to carry a full com 
 plement of men." Within an hour came the Governor s 
 reply in the shape of a formal order to " proceed forthwith 
 with your regiment, as full as possible, to Harrisburg, 
 Pennsylvania, and report to Major-General Couch." The 
 following is the text of the marching orders : 
 
 ALBANY, June 16, 1863. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment. 
 
 The Governor directs that you proceed forthwith with your regiment 
 as full as possible to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and report to Major- 
 General Couch. They volunteer for a term not to exceed three months 
 service ; most likely not more than thirty days will be required. Requi 
 sition for transportation will be made upon Major Van Vliet, No. 6 
 State Street, and for subsistence upon Colonel A. B. Eaton, 7 State 
 
 Street. 
 
 JNO. T. SPRAGUE, Adjutant-General. 
 
 These orders were not such was the need of haste 
 sent through the regular and proper channels (for the regi 
 ment formed a part of the Third Brigade, Brigadier-General 
 William Hall commanding), but directly from head-quarters 
 at Albany. However, on receipt of the Governor s hurried 
 order, Colonel Lefferts issued his own, requiring the de- 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 297 
 
 parture of the regiment the same afternoon, and addressed 
 forthwith to Major Van Vliet the following letter : 
 
 NEW YORK, June 16. 
 MAJOR VAN VLIET, Quartermaster U. S. A. 
 
 SIR, I am directed by his Excellency Governor Seymour to apply 
 to you for transportation for my regiment to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. 
 I presume I shall have about eight hundred men, and can be ready late 
 this afternoon. Will you please inform me at our armory, corner Third 
 Avenue and Sixth Street, when and where such transportation will be 
 ready. 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel Seventh Regiment. 
 
 The steamer Red Jacket, or the Kill Von Kull, was to have 
 been, under this arrangement, at Pier No. 2, North River, 
 at five o clock, p. M., to convey the regiment on its way; but 
 unfortunately General Hall, who, as we have seen, had 
 heard nothing of Colonel Lefferts s order from Albany " to 
 proceed forthwith" went to the armory that morning while 
 the Colonel was absent, making the arrangements for trans 
 portation, and dismissed the officers and men already there 
 assembled, until the following morning. On arriving at the 
 armory, very soon after, Colonel Leffcrts was greatly cha 
 grined at finding he had lost by mere accident the benefit, 
 as well as the eclat, of unusual promptness, and apprised the 
 State authorities of the fact in the following despatch : 
 
 June 16, 1863. 
 GENERAL JOHN T. SPRAGUE, Adjutant-General, Albany. 
 
 I had made my arrangements to leave this afternoon ; but by some mis 
 understanding, General Hall, who did not know of my order to proceed, 
 went to the armory and dismissed the men until to-morrow morning. 
 This was done a short time before I reached the armory. Of course I 
 could only follow the course indicated, and have made arrangements to 
 leave to-morrow morning, at seven o clock, A. M., if transportation is ready. 
 The men understand that they go only for a short time, or, in other 
 words, to meet the present emergency. 
 
 The reply from Adjutant-General Sprague was : " The 
 Governor is gratified at your promptness, and hopes you 
 will leave as you anticipate." The same message regard- 
 
298 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ing the mistake at the armory was sent by Colonel Lefferts 
 to General Van Vliet, who changed his arrangements for 
 transportation. Orders were issued as follows for the as 
 sembly of the regiment at an early hour the next morn 
 ing : - 
 
 " By order of his Excellency the Governor, the regiment will proceed 
 to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and for this purpose will assemble at head 
 quarters at seven o clock, A. M., to-morrow, in full fatigue, with haversacks 
 containing one day s rations, knapsacks, blanket, overcoat, and canteen. 
 The commandant would suggest to the men to take but little baggage. 
 Meeting of officers at five o clock this afternoon " 
 
 At the officers meeting, spoken of in this order, Colonel 
 Lefferts was, by unanimous vote, requested to telegraph 
 to the Governor that the regiment desired its services to 
 be taken, as in 1861, " for the emergency," and not for 
 continued campaigning. " Their honor," added the Colo 
 nel to his despatch, "to fulfil all duties during the time 
 can be relied upon, and they do not ask any consideration 
 from the government beyond the regular pay and transpor 
 tation. Shall I go ahead on this understanding? " The 
 Governor s reply was : " Go ahead on your proposition. 
 Will see the regiment is not kept longer than thirty days." 
 
 Rain fell in torrents on the morning of the 17th, but the 
 regiment marched with full ranks, in the finest spirits, and 
 for the third time the streets were thronged with an en 
 thusiastic multitude (this time armed with umbrellas) to 
 cheer their departure. The alarm of the moment, on ac 
 count of the nearness of the enemy on the one hand, and 
 the spirit and promptness of the regiment on the other, 
 gave fervor to this grand public ovation, even though the 
 war was now an old story, and military pageants no longer 
 attracted the popular gaze. A vast throng followed the 
 regiment to the pier, and shouted hearty farewells as the 
 steamer started for Amboy. 
 
 Delays on the road caused the regiment to reach Phi 1 - 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 299 
 
 delphia late in the afternoon. There Colonel Leiferts was 
 requested to report to Lieutenant-Colonel C. S. Ruff, Third 
 Cavalry U. S. A., commanding at Philadelphia. That offi 
 cer delivered him a written order from Major-General Hal- 
 leek to proceed to Baltimore, as follows : 
 
 " SIR, You will proceed without delay to Baltimore, Maryland. Re 
 port on the arrival of your regiment to Major-General Robert Schenek, 
 United States Volunteers, commanding that military department. Trans 
 portation is provided for your regiment via the Philadelphia, Wil 
 mington, and Baltimore Railroad." 
 
 At 11 P. M., accordingly, the weary regiment was 
 marched to the Baltimore depot, and packed in the cattle- 
 cars provided for their transportation. At midnight, Colo 
 nel Lefferts telegraphed to General Sprague at Albany : " I 
 have received orders from Major-General Halleck to pro 
 ceed to Baltimore, and am now in the cars ready to leave 
 for that city. 1 presume this will receive the sanction of 
 the Governor." The answer was : " The Governor is much 
 pleased with your promptness. Execute all your orders and 
 report your strength." 
 
 And % thus the campaign to Harrisburg, under the orders 
 of Governor Seymour, became one to Baltimore, under the 
 orders of General Halleck. 
 
 Baltimore at this time divided with Washington the 
 anxiety of North and South. It was popularly believed to 
 be Lee s primary objective. As its safety was certainly 
 menaced, troops were poured into it, and the reinforcements 
 originally directed upon Harrisburg were turned down to 
 Baltimore. Fort Federal Hill dominates Baltimore ; and 
 Fort Federal Hill was once more intrusted to the keeping 
 of the Seventh Regiment. 
 
 Major-General Robert E. Schenek commanded, at this 
 epoch, the Middle Department and the Eighth Corps. To 
 him, accordingly, on the 18th of June, Colonel Lefferts 
 
300 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 reported. A prospective disposition of the regiment had 
 already been made at head-quarters ; it had been attached 
 to the Second Separate Brigade (Brevet Brigadier-General 
 Morris commanding), of the Eighth Army Corps, and was 
 under orders to proceed forthwith to Fort Marshall, and 
 relieve the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment of New 
 York Volunteers, then stationed there. 
 
 SPECIAL OKDERS No. lt>3. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 BALTIMORE, MD., June 18, 1863. 
 
 4. The Seventh Regiment New York State Militia is temporarily 
 attached to the Second Separate Brigade. 
 
 On their arrival, they will proceed without delay to Fort Marshall, 
 and relieve the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment New York Volun 
 teer Infantry, now stationed there. 
 
 The commanding officer will report to Brevet Brigadier-General Mor 
 ris, commanding the Second Separate Brigade, for orders. 
 By command of Major-General Schenck, 
 
 WM. H. ClIESEBROUGH, 
 
 Assistant Adjutant- General. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts marched his regiment to the barracks, 
 the old Continental Hotel, which remained head-quarters 
 until the afternoon of the following day. The members of 
 the regiment were soon after dismissed from duty until 
 half-past nine o clock, p. M. 
 
 Orders for provost duty in the city came on the morning 
 of the 19th. Lieutenant Lentilhon and twenty men were 
 detailed from Company K to escort provisions to Fort 
 McHenry ; and the whole of the Second, Sixth, and Ninth 
 Companies, under command of Captain Easton, guarded a 
 body of prisoners, twelve hundred strong, taken by General 
 Grant at Port Gibson, across the city from the Baltimore and 
 Ohio Railroad depot, to the steamer plying to Fort Delaware. 
 The filthy condition in which these troops had jealously 
 preserved themselves made this duty particularly unsavory. 
 
 Meanwhile, the orders to proceed to Fort Marshall had 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 301 
 
 been revoked, and the destination of the regiment changed 
 to Fort Federal Hill. The prospect of a protracted occu 
 pation of Baltimore was disheartening to the regiment, 
 which had been hitherto in the highest spirits over the 
 bright promise of a short campaign in the field. The dull 
 round of garrison duty seemed doubly annoying at this 
 crisis in the war ; and the wish to escape its monotony was 
 universal. However, at three o clock, p. M., of the 19th, 
 the regiment assembled and marched to the fort. A 
 detachment of Colonel Peter A. Porter s regiment, now 
 become the Eighth New York Heavy Artillery, still gar 
 risoned it. The salutes of 1862 were now reversed ; for, 
 as the Tenth marched out, the Seventh marched in. But 
 the fort was no longer the model of neatness and cleanli 
 ness they had left, and the quarters of the men had to 
 undergo a thorough cleaning before becoming the com 
 fortable apartments of the year before. Colonel Porter s 
 command was then concentrated in Fort Marshall. The 
 following were the orders of transfer : 
 
 SPECIAL ORDERS No. 1G4. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 BALTIMORE, MD., June 19, 1863. 
 
 4. So much of Paragraph 4, Special Orders No. 1G3, as directs the 
 Seventh New York State Militia to proceed to Fort Marshall, is re 
 voked. They will proceed forthwith to Fort Federal Hill, and relieve 
 the detachment of the Eighth New York Volunteer Artillery, Colonel 
 P. A. Porter commanding. 
 
 The Eighth New York Artillery, on being relieved, will proceed to 
 Fort Marshall and relieve the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment New 
 York Volunteer Infantry, now temporarily stationed there. 
 
 The One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment New York Volunteer In 
 fantry, on being relieved, will return to their former quarters at Belger 
 Barracks. 
 
 By command of Major-General Schenck, 
 
 WM. H. CHESEBROUGH, 
 
 Assistant Adjutant-General. 
 
 Key-point, as it was, of the civic defences, the fort was 
 
302 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 instantly put into the best possible condition, and soldierly 
 vigilance and discipline were enforced. Artillery drill was 
 begun at once, and unremittingly continued for several 
 days, till its elements were made familiar, when the practice 
 became more methodical. Assignments were made of the 
 various companies to the principal defences, immediately 
 on entering the fort, as follows : 
 
 GENERAL OHDERS No. 14. 
 
 HEAD-QUAKTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, FORT FEDERAL HILL, 
 BALTIMORE, June 20, 1863. 
 
 The following assignment is made for the government of officers and 
 men : 
 
 T3 , . XT ( Lieut. Comdg. Waldo, Co. H. 
 
 Bastion No. 1. < 
 
 C Lieut. Comdg. Faunton, Co. A, guns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 
 
 Bastion No. 2. 5 Ca P t< Youn S Ca F S uns 8 9 10 H 12 13> 
 
 ( Lt. Comdg. Everdell, Co. D, guns 14, 15,* 16, 1 7, 18, 19. 
 
 Bastion No. 3. J Ca P t " Easton Ca J S uns 2 21 22 23 24 
 t Capt. Button, Co. E, guns 25, 26, 27, 28.* 
 
 North Curtain, j Ca P t R S ers Ca K S unS 29 3 31 32 * 
 ( Lieut. Comdg. Ryders, Co. C. 
 
 Bastion No 4 J Ca P t Clark Co> B guns 33 34 35 * 36 37 
 
 (Lieut. Comdg. Felt, Co. G, guns 38, 39, 40, 41. 
 
 The above-mentioned officers will be held responsible for the complete 
 order, equipment, and state of efficiency of a requisite number of men 
 for the respective localities mentioned. They will make themselves 
 thoroughly acquainted with the different kinds of ammunition, where 
 stored, &c. . 
 
 By order, 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 Outside the forts, all was excitement. When would Lee 
 come ? Would he come ? One party in the city feared, the 
 other longed, for his approach ; but preparations for a warm 
 reception were made. " Extensive field works, - says the 
 " History of the Second Company," "were erected for the 
 defence of the city ; the streets leading into the country 
 were barricaded, and all loyal men were organized, armed, 
 
 * Mortars. Captain Dutton and his Company were afterwards (June 30) trans 
 ferred from Bastion No. 3 to Bastion No. 1. 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 303 
 
 and drilled. The excitement which prevailed on all sides 
 was fearful, yet there seemed to be a firm determination 
 not to yield the city without a desperate resistance ; and 
 Forts McHenry, Marshall, and Federal Hill were in perfect 
 readiness, with shot and shell, to welcome the invaders." 
 On the 20th of June, Colonel Lefferts was ordered from 
 brigade head-quarters, " without delay, to send by his 
 teamsters all the spades and pickaxes .he can spare to the 
 corner of Lansdale Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, Balti 
 more, and turn them over to Lieutenant Meigs, United 
 States Engineers, at that place." 
 
 Within the forts, all was quiet but busy preparation. The 
 brigade commander, General Morris, U. S. A., had been 
 intrusted with the important command of the defences of 
 Baltimore ; and that officer, immediately on the Seventh s 
 arrival, directed, by Special Orders No. 106, " that Colonel 
 Marshall Lefferts, commanding Fort Federal Hill, shall 
 drill his command twice each day in artillery and once in 
 infantry until further orders. These instructions were 
 strictly carried out. Rockets were, the same day, sent to 
 the fort, to signal the enemy s approach, with the following 
 instructions : 
 
 HEAD-QUAETERS SECOND SEPAEATE BEIGADE, EIGHTH AEMY COEPS, 
 
 DEFENCES OF BALTIMOEE, FORT MCHENEY, June 20, 1863. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Commanding Fort Federal Hill. 
 
 COLONEL, I am instructed by the general commanding to send 
 you (30) thirty rockets, to be used as signals, if occasion should require. 
 Should an approach of the enemy, or any other event, render it im 
 portant, in your opinion, to summon the garrisons at Forts McHenry 
 and Marshall to arms, three rockets will be sent up by you at intervals of 
 two minutes. The sentinels at your post will be instructed accordingly. 
 The same order is given at this post and at Fort Marshall, and the 
 above signal from either of these forts will be duly observed and obeyed 
 at your post. 
 
 By command of Brigadier-General Morris, U. S. A., 
 
 E. W. ANDREWS, 
 Giptain and Acting Assistant Adjutant- General. 
 
304 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts was further instructed to build an abat- 
 tis entirely around the fort, procuring the brush and tim 
 ber from Colonel Donaldson of the Quartermaster s De 
 partment. The original order read, " The work will be 
 done by your own men " ; but as no time could be lost, a 
 subsequent order permitted him to employ* citizens in laying 
 it, if his own force was not sufficient to complete it as fast 
 as the brush was supplied. These were the orders : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 BALTIMORE, June 27, 1S63. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Commanding Fort Federal Hill. 
 
 COLONEL, The Quartermaster s Department has been ordered to 
 furnish you with the necessary timber to construct an abattis around 
 Fort Federal Hill. You will confer with Colonel Donaldson as to the 
 amount you need, and push the work vigorously. 
 I am, very respectfully, 
 
 W. H. CHESEBROUGH, 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel and A. A. A. G. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SECOND SEPARATE BRIGADE, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 
 DEFENCES OF BALTIMOKE, FORT MCHENRY, July 1, 1863. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS, Commanding Fort Federal Hill. 
 
 COLONEL, I am directed by the general commanding to state that 
 you will build the abattis entirely around the fort. If the force you 
 have is not sufficient to complete the work as fast as the abattis is 
 supplied, citizens can be employed. 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 A. VAN NESS, Lieutenant and A. D. C. 
 FORT CARROLL OFFICE, BALTIMORE, June 29, 1863. 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Commanding Fort Federal Hill. 
 
 SIR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your com 
 munication of this date, concerning repairs, &c. required at Fort Fed 
 eral Hill, and in reply would state that the present condition of the 
 slopes, &c. is unavoidable. The only serious damage exists at the 
 " northeast bastion on left face," where I am about constructing a re 
 taining wall, which will be commenced to-morrow morning. Those por 
 tions of the east curtain yet unsodded are expected to be completed by 
 the garrison of the fort. They were only abandoned on the removal of 
 the Eighth New York Artillery, by whom all the recent repairs have 
 been made. 
 
 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 N. H. BUTTON. 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863 305 
 
 Half a dozen other official orders and communications 
 in reference to the abattis which the regiment threw down 
 around their fort relate to the urgency of the work. All 
 the bridges, roads, and other approaches to the city, were, 
 of course, strongly picketed. To guard four important out 
 posts became, in addition to its garrison duty, the charge 
 of the Seventh. These were Locust Point, Mud Bridge, 
 Long Bridge, and Sweitzer Bridge. A sergeant, two cor 
 porals, and thirteen privates of the Fifth Company were de 
 tailed as guard to Locust Point ; a sergeant, two corporals, 
 and ten privates of the Seventh Company to Mud Bridge ; 
 a sergeant, two corporals, and nine privates of the Ninth 
 Company to Long Bridge ; a sergeant, two corporals, and 
 nine privates of the Sixth Company to Sweitzer Bridge. 
 Their duties were those usually devolved on outpost guards, 
 and the details were afterwards relieved in turn by others. 
 On July 1st, a detail from Lieutenant Kitchen s company 
 (A) relieved the guard at Sweitzer Bridge, and a detail 
 from Lieutenant Ryder s company (C) relieved the guard 
 at Mud Bridge. 
 
 Further to guard against surprise, a signal line was estab 
 lished on the turnpike from Baltimore to Hereford, twenty- 
 one miles distant, by which route the enemy was expected. 
 This signal line was put in charge of Captain James R. 
 Hosmer, of the Quartermaster s Department, U. S. A., who 
 had established about a dozen intermediate stations be 
 tween the head-quarters in Monument Square and the cav 
 alry picket at Hereford, in commanding positions upon 
 hills, house-tops, and church-steeples. Three men, provided 
 with the usual apparatus of flag, field-glass, and rockets, 
 formed each station. Lieutenant Palmer and thirty-six 
 men of the Second Company were detached for this service. 
 
 Within the city the Seventh Regiment was no less busy 
 than at the fort and at the outposts. In addition to other 
 duties, it acted as provost-guard, by Special Order No. 169, 
 from corps head-quarters, as follows : 
 
306 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 " The commanding officer of the Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M. will 
 detail from his command one full company, to report every day until 
 further orders, at nine o clock, A. M., to Major William S. Fish, Provost- 
 Marshal Eighth Army Corps, for patrol duty." 
 
 The Fourth Company (D), Lieutenant Commanding 
 Everdell, and the Eighth Company (H), Lieutenant Com 
 manding Waldo, were both detailed, in order that their joint 
 strength might amount to about ninety men. On the 2d 
 of July, the Sixth and Tenth Companies, under command 
 of Captain Rogers, relieved the Fourth and Eighth in their 
 duty. 
 
 Special provost duty was also required of the regiment. 
 In one case, Colonel Chesebrough, of General Schenck s 
 staff, came in person, an hour before midnight of June 
 27th, asking for a force of sixty or eighty men to go forth 
 with on an important expedition. In twenty minutes after 
 Colonel Chesebrough s unexpected summons, the Second 
 and Fifth Companies, roused from sleep, were tramping at 
 double-quick along the pavements of the city. The " objec 
 tive " proved to be the Maryland Club-House, suspected 
 now, on the victorious approach of Lee s army, of being a 
 trysting-place for disloyal citizens, who there brewed, not 
 only pacific punch, but " treason, strategem, and spoils." 
 The alarm had been taken and the Club-House shut, so that 
 the expedition returned, foiled. The following memoran 
 dum is contained in the book of Regimental Records : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, FORT FEDERAL HILL. 
 At 11.10 P. M., June 27, 1863, a verbal order was received from Gen 
 eral Schenck, through General Chesebrough in person, requiring a de 
 tail of from sixty to eighty men, which were promptly got together and 
 left the fort in twenty minutes from the time the order was first re 
 ceived. The detail was from Companies B and E, and proceeded on 
 the double-quick to Washington Monument, and, having performed the 
 duty required, returned at one o clock, A. M., June 28th, to the fort. 
 
 E. B. SCROOP, Private Secretary. 
 
 However, General Schenck was bent on preventing as- 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 307 
 
 seinblies in the Club-House ; and, soon after, the regimental 
 patrol seized it and arrested the inmates. 
 
 Besides such new and lively experiences, there were also 
 the old duties to perform of escorting prisoners and deserters 
 to various points. On the 20th of June, Captain Rogers, 
 with one non-commissioned officer and ten men, proceeded 
 by transport to Fort Monroe, in charge of ninety-four Con 
 federate paroled prisoners, and turned them over to the 
 commanding officer at that point. On the 25th, Lieutenant 
 Ryder, Company E, with one sergeant and ten men, pro 
 ceeded to Annapolis to Camp Parole, in charge of forty-five 
 paroled prisoners. On the 26th, Lieutenant Cragin, of 
 Company I, with one sergeant and ten men, proceeded by 
 Bay steamer to Fort Monroe, in charge of sixty-two Con 
 federate prisoners, returning on the 28th. On the 29th, 
 Lieutenant Smith, of Company B, with a sergeant, corporal, 
 and ten privates of Company C, proceeded to Alexandria, 
 Virginia, in charge of thirty-seven soldier prisoners, deliv 
 ering them to the commanding officer of the camp of dis 
 tribution. On the 4th of July, Lieutenant Palmer, with 
 four non-commissioned officers and forty-five men of the 
 Second Company, proceeded by steamer to Fort Delaware 
 in charge of fifty-two captured Confederate officers. 
 
 Plenty of other work, too, was found for the regiment : 
 it did not rust out. On the 23d of June, Captain Dutton, 
 Company E, with sixteen men, proceeded to the Union Re 
 lief Saloon, Camden Station, for provost duty there under 
 Lieutenant Titus. On the 29th, a sergeant, a corporal, and 
 six men of Company A, Captain Bensel, reported for duty 
 at Fort McHenry ; and, on the same day, a permanent 
 guard of two sergeants, four corporals, and twenty men, 
 half each from Company I, Captain Easton, and Company 
 K, Captain Rogers, was ordered to the same fort with fif 
 teen days rations. The Fort McHenry garrison was small, 
 and it was not long, as we shall see, before two more calls 
 
308 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 for aid were made upon the Seventh Regiment and re 
 sponded to. Even small loans of " a drummer and fifer " 
 were effected by the " South Baltimore Union League " and 
 kindred worthy organizations. 
 
 Such, in fine, were some of the multifold duties of gar 
 rison, of outpost, and picket, of signal station, of provost 
 and patrol, of guarding and escorting prisoners and desert 
 ers, of caring for the sick and wounded, of eking out the 
 numbers and duties of other regiments, and the like, which 
 the Seventh was called upon to perform. It may well be 
 believed that its life was not an idle one, arid all fears of 
 monotony in garrison life had proved groundless. One 
 great source of annoyance, therefore, to Colonel Lefferts, 
 was that he had not more men at command, in order to re 
 lieve the overworked, and to be able to render still more 
 efficient service. Sometimes he had not men enough for 
 guard at the fort. 
 
 Considering the suddenness of the call, considering also 
 the large numbers of active members of the regiment who 
 were serving at the front, and, moreover, the fact that the 
 novelty of the war had worn off in 1863, the rally of the 
 regiment in its third campaign had been very creditable. 
 It had been joined, too, by several detachments, who had 
 been unable to start with it. On the 18th of June a de 
 tachment of forty-seven non-commissioned officers and pri 
 vates, Sergeant Van Norden, Company B, commanding, 
 started from New York, forwarded by Captain Riblet. On 
 the 20th the same officer forwarded a detachment of thirty- 
 one men, under command of Orderly-Sergeant Pollard, of 
 Company C. On the 22d he forwarded the regimental 
 band, consisting of Grafulla and twenty-five men, besides 
 nineteen non-commissioned officers and privates and two 
 drummers, Captain Bensel, Company A, commanding 
 the whole party. On the 23d, Captain Haws left New York 
 for the fort with ten or twelve men. On the 27th, Lieuten- 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 309 
 
 ant Kitchen went forward with a small detachment. Colo 
 nel Lefferts even had an offer of one hundred men for the 
 regiment from the returned veterans of the Fifth New 
 York, but it was not accepted. It came in the following 
 language : 
 
 NEW YORK, No. 9 SECOND AVENUE, June 23, 1863. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS. 
 
 SIR, In behalf of a great number of the returned old men of the 
 Fifth New York Volunteers, who built the fort you now occupy, which 
 we fear is in some danger, 1 respectfully offer you one hundred veterans 
 of this regiment, fully equipped in our uniform, to be attached to and 
 under your command, in less than seven days from the receipt of your 
 acceptance of the same. I refer you to Captain Easton, Private Scher- 
 merhorn, and numerous others of your regiment. 
 
 J. HENRY WHITNEY, 
 Captain Fifth New York Volunteers, 
 
 However, there were many who from good reasons, and 
 many who from bad reasons, stayed behind in New York 
 through the campaign. The unexpected and unwelcome 
 detention of the regiment in Baltimore undoubtedly di 
 verted some who would have gone on from doing so. " It 
 is the old story of garrison life," they argued, " and there is 
 really no need of us. As soon as we hear of the regiment s 
 being in the field, we will join them." This was the solace 
 they applied to their consciences, as well as the excuse they 
 gave to their friends. In forwarding the first detachment 
 of reinforcements, Captain Riblet wrote to Colonel Lef 
 ferts : "I think on Saturday or Monday as large or a 
 larger detachment may be sent forward, unless the regi 
 ment should remain in Baltimore. In that case I am 
 doubtful about it." 
 
 On the 25th of June, General Schenck sent a request to 
 know the exact effective strength of the command. Colo 
 nel Lefferts, in response, reported a total of six hundred 
 and fifty-two men ; but from this was to be deducted the 
 band (which did not march at the start, but arrived on the 
 28d), twenty-four strong, and the sick, numbering seven- 
 
310 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 teen, leaving an effective strength of six hundred and 
 eleven, officers and men. To Colonel Lefferts, who, on 
 the one hand, had been made aware of the real danger that 
 menaced Baltimore, and the consequent importance of the 
 post, and who, on the other, was constantly driven to new 
 expedients to meet the large details daily made upon him, 
 the backwardness of the young men in New York was very 
 annoying. He telegraphed an urgent appeal for more men 
 to Quartermaster Winchester : 
 
 FORT FEDERAL HILL, BALTIMORE, June 27, 1863. 
 LOCKE W. WINCHESTER, Fifth Avenue Hotel, New York. 
 
 I wish you to see Riblet and tell him I want more men at once. 
 There is a large number in the city who have professed to be waiting 
 for the necessity to arrive. Now is their time. Let us see who will 
 support their comrades. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 Two days later he telegraphed to Captain Riblet a still 
 more pressing summons. This last telegram ran as fol 
 lows : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 15. 
 
 SEVENTH REGIMENT NEW YORK NATIONAL GUARD, 
 FORT FEDERAL HILL, BALTIMORE, MD., June 29, 1863. 
 
 By order of the President of the United States and his Excellency the 
 Governor of the State of New York, this regiment reported for duty in 
 the field. As a number of the members did not come with the regiment. 
 I feel it my duty, in obedience to the commands stated, to issue this 
 order, and direct all officers and men to report at this post forthwith. 
 
 Captain William H. Riblet has been directed to furnish transporta 
 tion, to whom application will be made. 
 
 We do not want substitutes or recruits; we have regular members 
 enough of our own organization who have been drilled, and who should 
 willingly share the dangers and work of their comrades. It has been 
 represented to me that some members are prevented from joining their 
 regiment because their employers refuse to allow them to leave their 
 places of business. Can it be possible that those who are enjoying the 
 benefits of our institutions, without the perpetuity of which their business 
 would be worth but little, can refuse a few weeks absence to a clerk or 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 311 
 
 partner who is willing to do his mite toward the settlement of this great 
 issue for a nationality, the benefits of which may bless his children, even 
 if the father may look with cold blood upon the struggle which he does 
 not care to participate in or assist ? 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. G. 
 
 With this telegram Colonel Lefferts sent instructions to 
 have a thousand copies printed, and every member in New 
 York served with one. Sworn warrants of service were to 
 be returned to him, and captains of companies were or 
 dered to assist Captain Riblet in finding the probable 
 whereabouts of the men. A copy was posted also on the 
 armory bulletin board. The following call was also pub 
 lished in the New York newspapers : 
 
 NEW YORK, June 29, 1863. 
 
 All officers and members of this regiment, remaining in the city, are 
 requested to meet at the armory on Wednesday evening, July 1st, at 
 eight o clock. The object of the meeting is most important ; and every 
 member not already with the regiment in Baltimore is expected to be 
 
 present. 
 
 B. M. NEVERS, Major. 
 H. C. SHUMWAY, Captain Company H. 
 W. H. RIBLET, Captain Company D. 
 GEO. W. ELY, Captain Company G. 
 
 In sending the telegram, Colonel Lefferts also hurriedly 
 wrote a sharp letter desiring that its sentiments should be 
 made public as far as publicity could do any good. We 
 shall presently see the reason of this urgency. The letter 
 was as follows : 
 
 FORT FEDERAL HILL, BALIMORE, June 29, 1863. 
 CAPTAIN W. H. RIBLET. 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, I have not been able, up to the present time, to find 
 a few moments to write you. I have received your several detachments, 
 and they have been much needed. I telegraphed you on Saturday even 
 ing, care of Winchester, that I wanted some men badly. We have not 
 enough to defend the fort as it should be defended ; and daily calls upon 
 our force for details, with what we have out on picket and signal duty, 
 make the work very hard indeed. I wish you would give my telegram 
 
312 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 publicity. Put a copy on the armory bulletin board, so that we can 
 ascertain who will support their comrades. 
 
 Those young gentlemen who are so loud-mouthed about their willing 
 ness to rush on whenever there is danger can be informed that the time 
 has come when such an exigency is more than probable. Should the 
 Army of the Potomac be defeated, Baltimore will be attacked. It even 
 may be before the general battle comes off; but shame to those men 
 who will wait to see if there is to be a battle ! By the time they find out, 
 we shall not want them. 
 
 I never found the men so willing, obedient, and soldierly as they are 
 this time, and I am proud of them, as I ought to be. They are support 
 ing the honor of the regiment for those who hang about the streets of 
 New York, and talk of their valiant INTENTIONS. 
 
 There are, in individual cases, good reasons to prevent men from com 
 ing, and no one is more willing than I to concede the existence of such 
 cases, and to go out of his way to have such men relieved from duty. 
 But I have neither respect nor patience for those who try to sneak out 
 of their own duty by underrating the work of their companions, and 
 slur their patriotism and sacrifices by saying they, too, are ready to come 
 "when the regiment takes the field." 
 
 Pardon me if I write strongly, but I write as I feel. The future will 
 justify all I say. 1 care not who knows just what I have written. I 
 considered my verbal order sufficient for you to take charge, and push 
 forward detachments, but I enclose you a written one for the purpose 
 desired. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 As June wore away, the crisis of that memorable battle- 
 summer of 1864 drew on apace. Grand events occurred 
 during the Seventh s sojourn in Baltimore. Lee, au 
 dacious and confident, gathering up to him from Fred- 
 ericksburg the corps of A. P. Hill, had at length joined all 
 his army of invasion in the Shenandoah Valley, whose 
 seizure by Ewell, on the 13th of June, has been already re 
 corded. On the 22d of June, Ewell s corps passed the Po 
 tomac, swept across Maryland, and entered Pennsylvania ; 
 two days later, Lee followed with his whole body. On the 
 27th the main Confederate Army encamped near Chambers- 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1803. 313 
 
 burg, while to the north, along the Susquehanna, Early en 
 circled York and Carlisle. General Lee addressed himself 
 to join his whole force to Early. 
 
 At that juncture came Hooker s famous check to the Con 
 federate campaign, a move on which may have hung the 
 fate of the Union. When, on the 13th of June, General 
 Hooker heard that Lee s head of column was in the Shen- 
 andoah Valley, and was bearing down upon Winchester, he 
 at once loosed his grasp on the Rappahannock, and, break 
 ing camp, moved back to Fairfax and Manassas, in order 
 to cover Washington, there remaining till Lee should de 
 velop his purpose. But instantly, on learning that Lee 
 had crossed the Potomac, Hooker followed to the northern 
 bank, yet not backward upon Washington, but, with mar 
 tial in spi ration, forward to Frederick. 
 
 The eifect was instantaneous. Lee saw his communica 
 tions to be menaced, and suspended his northward move 
 ment. Should Hooker continue to approach the South 
 Mountains, and attain to Harper s Ferry, ruin would be in 
 store. What, then, should be d f one ? 
 
 To match Hooker s manoeuvre with a move as imperious 
 was the task imposed upon the Confederate chieftain. His 
 resolve was prompt. Checking his northward march by the 
 Cumberland Valley from Chambersburg, and turning east 
 erly, he started across the mountain range, to directly 
 threaten Baltimore. The orders to move on Harrisburg 
 were revoked, and Baltimore became the objective. The 
 design, of course, was to furnish Hooker a Roland for his 
 Oliver, to bring the Union forces to a halt in their men 
 acing march, and to force them to retrace their steps, ret 
 rograding ^easterly towards Baltimore. This change of 
 purpose was made on the night of the 28th of June ; at 
 dawn of the 29th, the columns were put in motion. This 
 29th of June was the date of Colonel Lefferts s homeward 
 appeal, based on the ground that Baltimore was in peril ; 
 
314 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 for the rumor of its danger was already rife in the streets 
 of the city. Let us again turn thither. 
 
 With Lee s march through Maryland and Pennsylvania, 
 preparations to defend Baltimore were redoubled. Great 
 vigilance was exacted. On the 24th of June, as has been 
 said, a signal line was established to Hereford. Detach 
 ments of the Seventh Regiment were sent to supply the exi 
 gencies of Fort McHenry, and ammunition was sent to Port 
 Marshall, which latter point was commanded by the accom 
 plished Colonel P. A. Porter, with his Eighth New York 
 Artillery, after being relieved by Colonel Lefferts from the 
 charge of Fort Federal Hill. The following was the corre 
 spondence : 
 
 FORT MARSHALL, June 21, 1863. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS. 
 
 DEAR SIR, I send, by Lieutenant Swan of this regiment, General 
 Morris s order for one of the howitzers of which we spoke. The howit 
 zers and field pieces at Fort McHenry have been used for the barricades, 
 so that we have had to call upon you. Will you be good enough to let 
 me have, say fifty rounds of the canister and fifty rounds of the shell, for 
 the piece. Yours truly* 
 
 P. A. PORTER, 
 
 Colonel Eighth New York Volunteer Artillery, Commanding Fort Marshall. 
 
 FORT MARSHALL, June 23, 1863. 
 
 DEAR COLONEL LEFFERTS, I have written to General Morris about 
 the six-pounder, at your fort, belonging to the United States. If he 
 thinks it best for this fort to have it, he will give such an order. I have 
 not asked for any more, of the United States guns, thinking you would 
 need them. I don t want you to think that I am trying to despoil you, but 
 all I will have here will be one howitzer and one six-pounder (both from 
 Federal Hill), and you will have left two howitzers and one good rifled 
 piece, besides having a much better permanent armament than there is 
 here. Yours truly, 
 
 P. A. PORTER, 
 Colonel Eighth New York Volunteer Artillery, Commanding Fort Marshall, 
 
 Messengers, meanwhile, brought news of the daily pro 
 gress of Lee into Pennsylvania, and evidences that railroads 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 315 
 
 and telegraphs were at the enemy s mercy. Now the news 
 was that Carlisle had been evacuated; now that York 
 had been surrendered to Early, who thereupon had levied 
 $ 100,000 tribute and a plentiful supply of beef, bacon, bread, 
 boots, and what not of food and clothing, upon the borough. 
 How many days marches was the enemy distant ? This 
 was the general inquiry. Here are some of the telegrams 
 sent to the commanding officer of Federal Hill : 
 
 BALTIMORE OFFICE. 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS, Following just received. Special despatch 
 
 to Philadelphia Bulletin : 
 
 YORK, June 27, 1 P. M. 
 
 Nothing has heen heard yet of Jennings s regiment. The attack on them 
 commenced ahout three yesterday afternoon, by a large cavalry force, and con 
 tinued to the last accounts. The loss is not known ; but it is reported that a 
 number were taken prisoners. 
 
 HANOVER JUNCTION, June 27, 1 P. M. 
 
 Telegraphic communication with Hanover Junction ceased a half-hour 
 since ; the inference is that the Rebels are there." 
 Respectfully, 
 
 A. WILSON, JR. 
 
 Following just received for Associated Press : 
 
 HARRISKURG, June 28, 1 p. M. 
 
 A conflict is now going on in this vicinity, and the cannonading can be 
 heard here. No particulars have yet been received. 
 Respectfully, 
 
 J. F. MATTINGLEY. 
 
 At length, on the night of the 29th of June, the climax 
 of the excitement was reached. At sunrise of that day, 
 Lee, calling back his cavalry advance from York and Car 
 lisle, sent it sweeping along the roads leading to Baltimore. 
 By nightfall, the rumor of this coming whirlwind had 
 startled the people. It was even alleged that a body of 
 Confederate horse had already made their appearance on 
 the outskirts of the city, aiming to enter under cover of the 
 night. Be this as it may, at midnight General Schenck 
 sent word to the various forts that the enemy was upon 
 them, and directing them to prepare for immediate attack. 
 
316 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SECOND SEPARATE BRIGADE, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 DEFENCES OF BALTIMORE, FORT MCHENRY, MD., June 29, Ifc63. 
 
 COLONEL M. LEFFERTS, Commanding Fort Federal Hill. 
 
 SIR, I am instructed by the Commanding General to inform you 
 that there is evidence we are about to be attacked. You will imme 
 diately prepare. 
 
 Our information is direct from head-quarters Eighth Army Corps. 
 I am, Colonel, with much respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 E. W. ANDREWS, 
 Captain a/nd A. A. A. A. General. 
 
 At the same moment, in that subtle, instinctive percep 
 tion of gathering danger which is often to be observed 
 among inhabitants of menaced places, the citizens rose in 
 alarm. Neighbors aroused neighbors ; the startling, omi 
 nous clang of heavy bells shook the church-steeples and 
 vibrated in the midnight air ; three rockets from McHenry, 
 three from Marshall, three from Federal Hill, shot into, the 
 dark sky. And as bells rang, and signal-rockets streamed 
 into the heavens, and the long roll of drums echoed 
 from fort to fort, garrisons sprang to arms, artillerists 
 stood in order to their guns, the citizens thronged to 
 their barricades or lined the hasty breastworks on the high 
 ways, while within the forts sergeants were sharply calling 
 the rolls of companies, and in the streets a half-subdued 
 murmur of multitudes ran like a rumbling accompaniment. 
 " The midnight brought the signal-sound of strife." 
 
 " The beat of the alarming drum 
 Roused up the soldier ere the morning star; 
 While thronged the citizens with terror dumb, 
 Or whispering, with white lips, The foe ! they come ! they come ! " 
 
 But fate had ordained another day and another field for 
 the supreme arbitrament of arms. In that mysterious or 
 dering of events, which, for want of better phrase to ex 
 press our ignorance, we call the " chance of war," the two 
 great armies of North and South were, without the precise 
 determination of either commander, swiftly approaching on 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 317 
 
 lines which made a collision inevitable at Gettysburg. 
 Meade had succeeded Hooker in the command of the Army 
 of the Potomac, and, in place of continuing his predeces 
 sor s policy of gaining Lee s rear, abandoned the westward 
 march, and moved directly northward with his whole force, 
 to throw down forthwith the gage of battle. Ignorant alike 
 of the change of commanders and the change of policy, Lee 
 continued his eastward march. So it fell out that on the 
 same early morning, that of the 29th June, both armies 
 started together, both towards each other, and yet each in 
 the belief that the other was moving away. Lee moved east- 
 ward because he thought his adversary was moving west 
 ward, Meade moved northward because he believed Lee 
 was likewise marching to the north. Tims the fortune of 
 Baltimore, as it turned out, was not decided in its own 
 streets, but its fate, the fate of Washington, nay, the fate 
 of the Union, was put at hazard on the field of Gettysburg. 
 
 Not until the 4th of July, amidst their national festivi 
 ties, did the little garrison at Fort Federal Hill receive the 
 full tidings of what their comrades at the front had wrought 
 at Gettysburg. Nevertheless, the afternoon before, they 
 got, in the shape of a thousand prisoners from that three 
 days field, a sort of instalment of its fruits, a token of 
 the victory whereof the next morning brought assurance. 
 These prisoners were sent to Fort McHenry, and, as its 
 garrison was small, the Seventh, as usual, was called upon 
 for help. 
 
 An hour before midnight of July 3d an order from Gen 
 eral Morris was received, ordering the detail of a company 
 to report forthwith at Fort McHenry with knapsacks and 
 blankets. Captain Clark, of the Second Company, with a 
 force of two sergeants, two corporals, and fifty privates, was 
 detailed for this purpose, and reached the fort at midnight. 
 The prisoners (except .fifty-two officers confined within) 
 
318 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 slept on the greensward of the outer fort. Next morning 
 Captain Button, of the Fifth Company, with the same com 
 plement, relieved the guard. 
 
 With more than ordinary enthusiasm, next day, was the 
 national anniversary celebrated. There were extra luxu 
 ries at the company dinners, with patriotic songs, speeches, 
 and toasts ; and, under charge of Captain Easton, a national 
 salute in honor of the day was fired at meridian in obe 
 dience to brigade orders. The good news from Gettysburg 
 made all hearts rejoice ; not so much that Baltimore was 
 safe (though, with a Union defeat the Confederate flag 
 must certainly have waved over it), as that the country 
 was safe, and the whelming tide of invasion turned. 
 
 Suspension of all but unavoidable military duties had 
 been the order for the holiday ; but it happened that many 
 extra services were required. The Fifth Company was on 
 duty at Fort McHenry, guarding the prisoners. The Sec 
 ond, on being relieved, was ordered to furnish four non 
 commissioned officers and forty-five men to proceed to Fort 
 Delaware, orders from corps head-quarters to " detail a 
 company " for this purpose having just been received. This 
 detachment, under Lieutenant Palmer, proceeded by steam 
 er from Fort McHenry, in charge of the fifty-two captured 
 officers, among whom was General Archer. Returning 
 next day to Fort McHenry, it was again despatched to Fort 
 Delaware with four hundred and fifty Confederate rank 
 and file. Next, towards evening of the 4th, came an order 
 for two companies to guard the Northern Central Railroad 
 Depot in Calvert Street, and to man the litters of the Get 
 tysburg wounded brought by the train from Westminster. 
 A detachment for this purpose was made up from Company 
 I, Captain Easton; Company D, Lieutenant Commanding 
 Everdell ; and the residue of Company B not detached, Cap 
 tain Clark, all under command of the latter officer. The 
 long train reached the station after midnight. The Balti- 
 
THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN OF 1863. 319 
 
 more Union Relief Association supplied refreshments for 
 the stout-hearted, suffering heroes, and the Seventh aided 
 them from the cars to the ambulances which took them 
 thence to the hospitals, or accompanied them to the Phila 
 delphia train. It was dawn when the kindly work was 
 done. The medical director, Surgeon Simpson, U. S. A., 
 promptly requested of Colonel Lefferts that a like number 
 of the regiment might be held for similar duty when called 
 for. 
 
 On the 5th of July a company was called for from corps 
 head-quarters to proceed to Fort McHenry with knapsacks, 
 blankets, and a day s rations, to perform guard duty over 
 one thousand prisoners of war just received at that post. 
 Lieutenant Felt, commanding the Seventh Company, was 
 ordered to proceed thither with his command, Quarter 
 master McClenachan furnishing transportation. 
 
 This was the last of the Seventh Regiment s duties at 
 Baltimore. Its scene of action was to be suddenly shifted. 
 As unexpectedly as it had been sent thither, it was now or 
 dered away. 
 
320 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 AT FREDERICK . 
 
 ETTYSBURG had been 
 fought and won. Lee was in 
 flight, Meade pursuing. Such 
 were the tidings of Sunday, 
 the 5th ; and all the church- 
 bells of the North pealed with 
 thanksgiving, and all the 
 church-bells of the South 
 tolled with lamentation. 
 
 Near midnight came a 
 courier from corps head-quar 
 ters, with startling and per 
 emptory orders. The regi 
 ment was detached from the 
 Second Separate Brigade 
 (General Morris), and as 
 signed to the Provisional 
 Brigade, General Briggs. It was ordered to march forth 
 with to Frederick, Maryland ; and such was the urgency, 
 that only blankets, overcoats, haversacks, and canteens 
 were to be taken (light marching order), while baggage^ 
 camp equipage, and knapsacks were to be left at Fort Fed 
 eral Hill. Each man was to carry three days cooked ra 
 tions, with sixty rounds of ammunition, the cartridge- 
 boxes full, and twenty extra rounds on the person. The 
 following was the order : 
 
PI 
 
 I 
 
 
AT FREDERICK. 321 
 
 SPECIAL ORDER No. 180. 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MIDDLE DEPARTMENT, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD., July 5, 1863. 
 
 The Seventh Regiment New York State Militia is detached from the 
 Second Separate Brigade, and is assigned to the command of Brigadier- 
 General Briggs. 
 
 The regiment will proceed without delay to Frederick City, Mary 
 land. They will go in light marching order, taking with them only 
 their blankets, overcoats, haversacks, and canteens. They will be pro 
 vided with three days cooked rations and with sixty rounds of ammuni 
 tion, forty in their cartridge-boxes and twenty on their person. 
 
 The baggage and camp equipage of the regiment will be collected to 
 gether and left at Fort Federal Hill. The commanding officer of the 
 Seventh Regiment New York State Militia will report forthwith to Gen 
 eral Briggs for orders. 
 
 By order Major-General Schenck, 
 
 W. H. CHESEBROUGH, 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel, A. A. General. 
 
 What did this surprise portend ? The problem was soon 
 solved. Pursuit was the new word of ambition with the 
 victorious Army of the Potomac, and all available forces 
 were to be turned into the path marked out by its com 
 mander. That path lay through Frederick. 
 
 At midnight, therefore, Colonel Lefferts issued his orders 
 and despatched messengers to call in his outposts. Less 
 than a third of the regiment was on duty in the fort, the 
 residue scattered in half a dozen directions. There were 
 detachments at Mud Bridge, Sweitzer Bridge, Locust Point, 
 Long Bridge, Bush River, and Gunpowder River ; special 
 details in Baltimore and at Fort McHenry ; a company ab 
 sent guarding a thousand prisoners, and another on similar 
 duty at Fort Monroe. But, although two of the regimental 
 outposts were distant respectively nine and twelve miles, 
 they were called in in season to move with the regiment 
 at 8, A. M. The details of the Second and Seventh Com 
 panies, under Lieutenants Palmer and Felt, absent at Fort 
 Monroe, rejoined the regiment, on the 7th, at Frederick. 
 
 Having reported to the new brigade commander, General 
 
 21 
 
322 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Briggs, Colonel Lefferts was directed by that officer to move 
 forthwith to the Mount Clare station, in pursuance of the 
 following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS PROVISIONAL BRIGADE, EIGHTH ARMY CORPS, 
 
 July 6, 1863. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, commanding Seventh Regiment, 1ST. G., of the 
 State of New York, having reported to these head-quarters for orders, 
 will move with his command at once to the Mount Clare station of the 
 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, where he will await further orders. 
 
 H. S. BRIGGS, 
 
 Brigadier- General Commanding. 
 
 With these preparations the night was busy. All camp 
 property was carefully stored, and a guard of invalids 
 mounted over it. At 8, A. M., two fine regiments, the Fifty- 
 Fifth and Sixty-Ninth New York State Militia, designated 
 to relieve the Seventh, marched into Fort Federal Hill, and 
 the Seventh marched out. In a drenching rain, it proceeded 
 to Mount Clare station. There already were collected 
 other regiments of the brigade, comprising both infantry 
 and artillery. Aids were hurrying to and fro with orders ; 
 and soon came the turn of the Seventh to embark on the 
 cars prepared for it. Then the train moved slowly, and with 
 many delays, onward through a wild and picturesque re 
 gion, to Monocacy Junction. " About noon," says one ac 
 count, " the weather, which had been stormy and unpleas 
 ant, because clear and beautiful, and the men, from the 
 tops of the cars, enjoyed the wild and romantic scenery for 
 which that region is so famous ; passing through hand 
 some manufacturing villages, and greeted everywhere with 
 great enthusiasm." At Monocacy Junction, General Briggs 
 halted his brigade, and informed Colonel LefTerts that the 
 regiment would bivouac for the night. A wheat-field lay in 
 friendly and inviting neighborhood ; and thence gathering 
 straw for rude pallets, the tired regiment stretched out, 
 some in the cars, some on the roadside, and sought to make 
 up for many nights rest broken in the past, and others ap- 
 
AT FREDERICK. 323 
 
 parently likely to be broken in the unknown future. Not- 
 withstanding the orders to carry nothing but blankets and 
 haversacks, Colonel Lefferts took the responsibility of in 
 structing that knapsacks should be taken ; and well he did, 
 as their contents were greatly needed at Frederick. 
 
 During these two days, great military events had oc 
 curred. Let us briefly note how they came to pass. On the 
 morning of the 4th of July, Lee, reading aright the moral 
 of Gettysburg, drew in his flanks, threw up breastworks, 
 and, under cover of his defensive position, dismissed his 
 immense trains to the Potomac. The reconnoissances 
 made by his adversary that day did not disclose his pur 
 pose ; and accordingly, under cover of the night, he moved 
 his main army down the Fairfield Road, and was gone. By 
 the morning of the 7th of July, Lee s whole army was at 
 Hagerstown. 
 
 Morning of the 7th of July found, also, the van of the 
 Army of the Potomac at Frederick, and the main body 
 hastening thither. For, the dilemma whether to hang di 
 rectly upon the enemy s rear, or to make a flank movement 
 east of the South Mountain by way of Frederick, had been 
 resolved in the choice of the latter alternative. Thus it 
 happened that, while Lee was retreating directly through 
 the Cumberland Valley, Meade was sweeping around on 
 the east side of the mountains. 
 
 What part in this chase the Seventh Regiment might 
 take was an exciting speculation, as it lay on the night of 
 the 6th July at Monocacy Junction. The troops then on 
 the road and in the neighborhood of Frederick, under com 
 mand of General French, generally expected an order to 
 proceed again directly to Harper s Ferry, whence they had 
 been recalled just before Gettysburg ; and, indeed, a part 
 of them were ordered thither. However, dawn of the 7th 
 of July brought to Colonel Lefferts definite orders from 
 General Briggs : 
 
324 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS MONOCACY JUNCTION, July 7, 1863. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding Seventh New York. 
 
 COLONEL, You will march without delay to Frederick City with 
 your command, and report to General French for orders. 
 By order of Major- General H. S. Briggs, 
 
 BYRON PORTER, Captain and A. A. G. 
 
 Accordingly, at eight o clock of a sultry July day, the 
 regiment left the Junction, and moved along the broad 
 turnpike to Frederick City, four miles distant. 
 
 Frederick and all the magnificent and picturesque re 
 gion about it was, at this period, full of the signs of war. 
 Corps and armies had again and again marched and coun 
 termarched through it, military hospitals had been estab 
 lished in its environs, and lately ten thousand men had 
 encamped for many days there. As the regiment entered, 
 it had the air of a permanent camp or of a garrison town. 
 Now a party of prisoners was encountered, now a squad of 
 convalescents ; the huge army trains rumbled and ambu 
 lances rattled through the streets, foretelling the coming 
 of the Army of the Potomac ; aids and messengers spurred 
 hither and thither ; the yellow trimmings of the jaunty 
 cavalry jacket mingled with infantry blue and artillery 
 crimson : everywhere were soldiers. Here, of late, Gen 
 eral French had held command. Withdrawn by Meade, 
 with his eleven thousand men, from Maryland Heights, 
 when that officer succeeded Hooker, he was left with seven 
 thousand at Frederick, while the great armies fought at 
 Gettysburg. To Frederick, also, came other reinforce 
 ments, reporting to General French, among which, as we 
 have seen, was the Seventh Regiment. During the after 
 noon of the same day, July 7th, General Meade reached 
 Frederick, and there established his head-quarters ; and 
 one of his first acts was to issue an order, declaring that 
 " the troops at present under the orders of Major-General 
 French are transferred to the Third Army Corps. " This 
 
AT FREDERICK. 325 
 
 corps had, during the battle of Gettysburg, been under the 
 command of General Sickles. It was now reinforced by 
 French s large division, on being placed under the latter 
 officer. The Seventh Regiment was attached to the Third 
 Division of the Third Corps, the "blue diamond" its 
 corps and division badge. Such was the way in which tho 
 Seventh, at last, and most unexpectedly, became a part of 
 the grand Army of the Potomac. The following was the 
 official order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, 
 FREDERICK, July 7, 1863. 
 
 I. The troops at present under the orders of Major-General French 
 are transferred to the Third Army Corps, which will be commanded by 
 General French. The detachment sent to Maryland Heights will not, 
 however, join the corps until further orders. 
 By command of Major-General Meade, 
 
 S. WILLIAMS, 
 Assistant Adjutant- General. 
 
 On the morning of the 7th of July, then, as we have said, 
 the Confederate Army was at Hagerstown, and the Union 
 advance had appeared at Frederick. Colonel Lefferts re 
 porting at 11, A. M., to General French, was immediately 
 intrusted with the duty of picketing the road leading to 
 Hagerstown and the turnpike leading to Emmetsburg. He 
 at once detailed the Ninth Company to the former duty, 
 and the Second Company to the latter ; with the rest of 
 the regiment he then went into camp outside the city, half 
 a mile to the southwest of it, on the Harper s Ferry Road. 
 
 The important command of Frederick City and Monoca- 
 cy Junction, with their depots, storehouses, camps, hospitals, 
 their important bridges, roads, and approaches, had hither 
 to, by order of General Meade, been vested in Major-Gen- 
 eral French, who also had command of the seven thou 
 sand or more troops in and around Frederick. But on 
 his appointment to the command of the Third Corps, it 
 became necessary to turn over that of Frederick, that he 
 
326 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 might put himself on the march with his corps. He selected 
 as his successor Colonel Lefferts ; and, the morning after 
 his own new assignment to command, issued orders, turn 
 ing over the post to him. As a force for his purposes. 
 General French at the same time detached Colonel Lef- 
 ferts s own regiment to remain on special duty, besides giv 
 ing him command of the various regiments and parts of 
 regiments to be left behind at Frederick, including infantry, 
 cavalry, and several batteries of artillery. 
 
 Always an important post by reason of the military sup 
 plies in store, the camps, and the hospitals, as well as from 
 the strategic importance of Monocacy Junction, Frederick 
 had now temporarily a special importance by the concentra 
 tion of the whole Union Army there. The picket com 
 panies of the Seventh, in marching out to their posts on 
 Tuesday, had met the van of this great host, its artillery 
 reserve and immense trains of ammunition and supplies. 
 From that time forward, for eight -and -forty hours, the 
 mighty stream did not cease to flow. To properly police 
 the city during the passage of friends, and to picket the 
 outposts during the close proximity of foes, was the task 
 assigned to Colonel Lefferts. 
 
 On the morning of the 8th of July, Colonel Lefferts as 
 sumed command of the city of Frederick, in the following 
 order : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 1. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS FREDERICK CITY, MD., July 8, 1863. 
 
 By authority of Major-General French, commanding Third Army 
 Corps, United States Volunteers, the undersigned assumes command of 
 the city of Frederick, Maryland. 
 
 All instructions heretofore issued, having reference to the police regu 
 lations of the city, will continue to be observed until countermanded. 
 
 Major Cole, Maryland cavalry, will continue to act as Provost-Mar 
 shal. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. T., and Commanding Post. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 327 
 
 He proceeded to establish his head-quarters in the city, 
 and to dispose his force at the points to be guarded. Gen 
 eral French had taken nearly all his own troops, but some 
 were still left at Frederick, and others were added.* 
 
 Of the outposts, the most important was Monocacy Junc 
 tion, four miles south of the city. At this point the Mono 
 cacy, a considerable tributary of the Potomac, is crossed 
 both by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the turnpike 
 leading to Washington and to Harper s Ferry. Monocacy 
 was now also the main depot for the Army of the Potomac, 
 Avith troops and supplies continually moving through it by 
 rail and pike. The great railroad bridge had been once 
 burnt by the enemy. The garrison of the post now consisted 
 of one company of cavalry, one of infantry (afterwards in 
 creased to two), and a section of artillery. The cavalry 
 picketed the region between the Monocacy and the Potomac, 
 the infantry guarded both bridges, and the two pieces of 
 artillery, planted on a commanding hill, swept the road and 
 railroad crossings. The latter were very important to the 
 communications of the Army of the Potomac, for even the 
 crazy turnpike bridge was now in constant requisition, and 
 crowded with wagons and men. Two large block-houses, 
 one on either bank of the river, furnished additional protec 
 tion to the bridges, and shelter to their garrison. 
 
 To this post Colonel Lefferts ordered the First Company 
 of the Seventh Regiment, Captain Bensel commanding. 
 To Captain Bensel, as commandant of the post, the cavalry 
 and artillery detachments reported ; a section of Battery I, 
 
 * HEAD-QUARTERS ARTILLERY RESERVE, FREDERICK, MD., July 3, 1863. 
 Captain Sterling is hereby relieved from duty with the Artillery Reserve, and 
 will report with his battery (Second Connecticut) to Colonel Lefferts, Seventh 
 New York State Militia, for duty. 
 
 By direction of General Meade, the section of Captain Ranke s battery, with 
 his command, is temporarily attached to Captain Sterling s command. 
 By command of Brigadier-General R. 0. Tyler, 
 
 C. H. WHITTLESEY, Captain and A. A. G. 
 
328 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Fifth United States Artillery, Lieutenant McConnell com 
 manding, was sent to Captain Bensel for the protection of 
 the bridges. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTEKS, FREDERICK CITY, July 8, 1863. 
 
 LIEUTENANT C. C. McCoNNELL, Commanding Battery I, Fifth Artillery. 
 SIR, You will detail one section of your battery, with competent 
 force, to report to Captain Bensel, in charge of picket at Monocacy 
 Junction. Your guns will be so posted as to protect the railroad bridge 
 at that point. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
 In addition to this obvious duty, the commanding officer 
 at Monocacy was directed to place pickets on the approaches 
 to the town (both the turnpike and a branch railroad connect 
 Monocacy witli Frederick) , to keep a vigilant watch for spies 
 and deserters, and to distinguish and give notice of the ap 
 proach of expected friends as well as of enemies. For the 
 rest, Captain Bensel took his instructions from Major Rolfe, 
 who, with a battalion of the Fourteenth Massachusetts 
 Heavy Artillery, had hitherto commanded the post, and 
 whom he now relieved. The following orders in relation 
 to the First Company s duty will be interesting : 
 
 July 8, half past one, p. M. 
 CAPTAIN TOKBETT, A. A A. G. 
 
 CAPTAIN, General Meade has ordered that the regiments from North 
 Carolina yet to come up, viz. the One Hundred and Fifty-Eighth, One 
 Hundred and Sixty-Eighth, One Hundred and Seventy-First Pennsylva 
 nia nine months volunteers, and the Forty-Third Massachusetts, are to go 
 forward to Harper s Ferry after they have provided themselves with three 
 days rations. Please direct my staff to follow at once to Harper s Ferry. 
 Very respectfully, &c., 
 
 HENRY M. NAGLEE, 
 
 Brigadier- General, Commanding Harper s Ferry. 
 
 (INDORSEMENT.) 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK CITY, July 8, 1863. 
 
 Respectfully referred to Colonel Lefferts, Seventh New York Militia, 
 commanding. 
 
 By order of Major-General French, 
 
 W. F. A. TORBETT, 
 
 Lieutenant, A. D. C., and A. A. A. G. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 329 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK, July 8, 1863. 
 CAPTAIN W. P. BENSEL, Monocacy Junction. 
 
 SIR, I enclose you copy of an order in reference to certain regi 
 ments. You will keep a vigilant lookout for these regiments, and show 
 the enclosed to the commanding officer. You will also call upon Colo 
 nel Porter, Quartermaster, and inform him of the order, as these regi 
 ments are to be furnished with three days rations. 
 
 I have ordered Lieutenant Me Council to report to you with one sec 
 tion of his battery. You are to take especial care of the railroad bridge, 
 and glace pickets on the approaches to the town. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 
 Colonel Seventh Regiment N. T. S. M., and Commanding Post. 
 
 Soon after, Colonel Lefferts relieved Lieutenant McCon- 
 nel at Monocacy in the following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK, July 9, 1863. 
 
 Captain Sterling, commanding Second Connecticut Battery, will di 
 rect Captain Ranke with his section of battery to relieve Lieutenant 
 McConnell, to-morrow morning, at Monocacy Junction. Lieutenant 
 McConnell will rejoin his command near Frederick City, and report to 
 Captain Sterling. 
 
 By order of 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Commanding Post. 
 
 Meanwhile, Lieutenant-Colonel Price had succeeded tem 
 porarily to the command of the Seventh Regiment, and 
 issued the following order : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 19. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT N. Y. S. M., 
 IN CAMP, NEAR FREDERICK, MD., July 9, 1863. 
 
 By command of the Major-General commanding the Army of the Po 
 tomac, this regiment has been attached to the Third Army Corps, and 
 by command of Major-General French of said Third Corps, Colonel Mar 
 shall Lefferts has been assigned to command of the defences in and 
 around Frederick, with head-quarters at Frederick City. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Price directs that all standing orders issued by 
 Colonel Lefferts remain in full force and effect. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAS. PRICE, 
 
 Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 The main body of the regiment continued to occupy the 
 
330 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 camp originally assigned to it by General French. The 
 ground had been selected long before, for reasons of military 
 convenience, being an open field about half a mile south 
 west of the city. Its long occupation, however, by other 
 regiments, had cut up the ground, and the heavy storms 
 had made it little better than a quagmire. Had the regi 
 ment possessed its tents, it might have been practicable to 
 pitch them in another locality ; but as all its camp equipage 
 and baggage were at Fort Federal Hill, it only remained to 
 put up with the local conveniences of the Frederick camp 
 ing-ground. These consisted of a few fence-rails. And 
 with these rails, together with straw made filthy by long 
 service, rude tents were constructed, the only shelter. 
 The Colonel s head-quarters were distinguished by a few 
 boards instead of rails. This delectable spot was styled in 
 official documents "Camp near Frederick"; but unoffi 
 cially it was known as " Camp Misery " ; and only the con 
 sciousness that, under the circumstances, it was the best 
 that could possibly be had, made it endurable. Storms 
 made the leaky huts wet, and the whole camp was so much 
 mire. 
 
 Fortunately, however, a large part of the regiment was 
 always absent from camp on outpost duty, and this latter 
 was neither monotonous nor disagreeable. Colonel Lef- 
 ferts also made continual calls upon the regiment for vari 
 ous services of importance in his new command ; we shall 
 only need, henceforth, in this narrative, to refer to such of 
 the Colonel s duties as were directly connected with the 
 Seventh Regiment. 
 
 The First Company, as has been seen, had been assigned 
 to Monocacy Junction. Here the duty was so agreeably 
 exciting, the camp-life so pleasant, the scenery so magnifi 
 cent, and all the surroundings of service so delightful, as 
 to make it a coveted post. Captain Clark, whose company 
 relieved the First, after some days, says : " Upon their ar- 
 
AT FREDERICK. 331 
 
 rival, on Saturday morning, the members of the Second 
 Company pitched their tents about midway between the two 
 bridges, upon a dry and elevated piece of ground, triangu 
 lar in form, in the centre of which was the block-house, and 
 the sides of which were the railroad, the turnpike, and the 
 Monocacy River. Some preferred to locate within the 
 block-house, and one eccentric party, in defiance of sun, 
 wind, and storm, pitched their tent upon the top of it. 
 One third of the company was detailed for twenty-four 
 hours to guard the bridges and to watch the road beyond, 
 and the remainder spent the day in fitting up their new 
 quarters, or bathing in the river, or with the usual amuse 
 ments and employments of camp-life. A more interesting 
 and romantic location for a camp could not be found in 
 many a league, and from the eminence occupied by the 
 Second Company the eye rested upon a variety of scenery. 
 There were mountains, hills, valleys, and plains; broad, 
 fertile, and highly cultivated fields, rich in agricultural 
 wealth and adorned with elegant farm-houses ; and lands 
 so rough and rugged that no husbandman would attempt 
 to levy tribute upon the soil. The bright, clear waters of 
 the Monocacy, almost concealed by luxuriant, overhanging 
 trees, completed this diversified and charming scene ; but 
 lest the place might become dull and tedious from its rural 
 quietness, the movements of army-trains by rail and pike 
 gave life and animation to the picture. 
 
 " On Sunday, Monocacy was visited by a severe rain 
 storm, by which the river was suddenly swollen to a torrent, 
 but the men were well sheltered, and in rain or in sunshine 
 were contented and happy. In the evening, General Schriver 
 rode out from Frederick to inspect the post, and while ex 
 pressing himself pleased with its appearance and the cor 
 rect performance of the required duty, he desired the 
 officers to impress upon " the gentlemen of the Seventh " 
 the military importance of Monocacy, and the necessity of 
 
332 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 constant vigilance. On the following day, the Tenth Com 
 pany, Lieutenant Ray commanding, was ordered to Mono- 
 cacy as a reinforcement to the Second. It was not un 
 reasonable to expect a cavalry raid upon this important 
 point, as the destruction of the Monocacy Bridge would 
 seriously interrupt the communications of the Army of the 
 Potomac, and Captain Clark ordered half of the entire 
 force to be constantly on duty at the bridges. The rain 
 continued, with intervals of sunshine, on Monday and 
 Tuesday. When the weather was fair, the men amused 
 themselves with target-firing, bathing, and unsuccessful 
 attempts at fishing. Shooting snakes was also a favorite 
 amusement ; but Lieutenant Ray chanced to lodge a pistol- 
 bullet in his own hand, and this circumstance rather damp 
 ened the ardor of the amateur sportsmen." 
 
 The Third Company was soon ordered to guard the 
 U. S. A. General Hospital at Frederick. The guard pre 
 viously stationed there by General French having been 
 suddenly relieved without substitutes, Assistant-Surgeon R. 
 J. Weir, the officer in charge, applied for a force of from 
 fifty to seventy-five men. The Third Company, Captain 
 Haws, was detailed for this purpose. Their duties were light, 
 but, as Surgeon Weir s application urged, were " rendered 
 the more necessary on account of the number of slightly 
 wounded prisoners of war now here." There were eight 
 posts to occupy, and quarters were provided for the guard 
 on the grounds. The following were the orders for this 
 company : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK CITY, July 9, 1S63. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Price, commanding Seventh Regiment New York 
 State Militia, will direct the Third Company, Captain Haws, of his com 
 mand, to report to Assistant-Surgeon Weir, Frederick Hospital, for 
 guard duty, without unnecessary delay. They will draw their rations from 
 the Regimental Quartermaster. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Stvenih Regiment New York St^te Militia, Commanding Post. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 333 
 
 The next day, July 10th, the Eighth Company, Captain 
 Shumway, was ordered to head-quarters. A press despatch 
 says : " The large number of Union Army officers luxuriat 
 ing around the hotels of Frederick has caused Colonel 
 Marshall Lefferts, Military Governor, to establish a pa 
 trol guard to examine the passes of all officers found in 
 the city, and those absent without authority from their 
 commands are placed under arrest." 
 
 While the First, Third, and Eighth Companies were thus 
 occupied, the Second and Ninth Companies continued their 
 pleasant picket duties on the Emmettsburg and Hagerstown 
 Roads. The main station of the Second Company was in a 
 clover-field just north of the city, along the handsome and 
 capacious Emmettsburg Turnpike, of which, with the fine 
 fields and farm-houses adjoining, it commanded an exten 
 sive view. Comfortable huts were constructed forthwith 
 from a pile of lumber lying in a neighboring yard. The 
 guard relieved by the Second Company was a detach 
 ment of the Eighth Maryland Regiment. Lieutenant Smith, 
 with a third of the company, was stationed at the advance 
 picket post, half a mile out on the pike ; a cavalry outpost 
 was established a mile or two beyond. 
 
 " That part of the Army of the Potomac," says the " His 
 tory of the Second Company," " which passed the picket 
 station of the Second Company, and entered Frederick by 
 the Emmettsburg Pike, consisted of the Second, Third, and 
 Twelfth Corps. On account of the excellence and the supe 
 riority of this turnpike, the ammunition and quartermas 
 ter s trains of the entire army also passed this way. The 
 head of the immense column reached Frederick on the 
 forenoon of Tuesday, and for two days and nights a steady 
 and uninterrupted stream flowed by of soldiers, artillery, 
 and army wagons. The passage of this grand army, and 
 its imposing appearance, can never be forgotten. Regi 
 ments of infantry, with their veterans of many battles, and 
 
334 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 their soiled and tattered banners, marched rapidly by ; ar 
 tillery in vast quantities, and of every variety, from the 
 howitzer to the heavy siege gun, thundered along ; and im 
 mense trains of wagons, with their teams of six mules and 
 their negro drivers, moved noisily on, all hastening for 
 ward to intercept the retreating Rebel Army, which had 
 been so severely punished at Gettysburg. The soldiers 
 were in fine spirits, and, flushed with victory, were confi 
 dent that they were about to deliver the death-blow to the 
 Rebellion. 
 
 " As the picket duty of the Second Company was nominal 
 during the passage of the Army of the Potomac, its mem 
 bers had ample time and a capital opportunity to witness 
 the imposing pageant. Their neat gray uniforms and ap 
 parent leisure were constant subjects of amusement and 
 badinage to the passing veterans. c How are you, gray- 
 backs ? Where did you get your new clothes ? You 11 
 be taken for Johnny Rebs, and other amusing salutations 
 greeted the idle spectators, all of which were good-humor- 
 edly given and as good-naturedly received. In nearly 
 every regiment there were former members of the Seventh, 
 now serving the country as officers of volunteers, all of 
 whom were delighted to meet their old comrades, and 
 halted to make inquiries after friends and acquaintances, 
 in this and other companies of the regiment. General of 
 ficers, all of whom seemed familiar with the name and his 
 tory of the Seventh Regiment, and the services of its mem 
 bers, often paused to make some kind and complimentary 
 remarks. Distinguished among them was the gallant Gen 
 eral Geary, who halted his division to give three rousing 
 cheers for the New York Seventh, to which the Second 
 Company responded with cheers for General Geary, for his 
 division, for the Second Corps, and for the Army of the 
 Potomac. The news had just been received of the fall of 
 Vicksburg, and all joined in the shouts of joy, threw up 
 
AT FREDERICK. 335 
 
 their caps, and cheered for. General Grant and his brave 
 army. 
 
 " On Tuesday afternoon rain commenced falling, and the 
 storm continued without much interruption during the 
 passage of the Army of the Potomac. The fine turnpike 
 resembled a river of mud and water, and the adjacent fields, 
 which had bloomed with rural beauty, were fearfully devas 
 tated by the incessant movement of men, horses, and wag 
 ons. On Thursday the grand army had passed, the weather 
 became clear and beautiful, and the Second Company, after 
 the novel and exciting scenes of the last two days, settled 
 quietly down to its military duties. 
 
 " The Union Army having left Frederick, it now became 
 necessary for the Second Company to be watchful and 
 vigilant, lest some roving band of Rebel cavalry should pass 
 around to the rear, and dash into the town. It was ordered 
 and expected to oppose any such attempt, and, if finally 
 overpowered, to fall back ujyon the town and join the regi 
 ment. Upon the cavalry picket stationed a mile or two in 
 advance, and upon the outpost in charge of Lieutenant 
 Smith, was the chief responsibility ; but the other members 
 of the company were required to remain, during the day, 
 in the immediate vicinity of their post, and at night to 
 sleep in their clothes and upon their arms, and be ready 
 for duty at a moment s notice. On one occasion, the com 
 pany, having been warned of an expected cavalry raid, was 
 alarmed at midnight by the approach of a large body of 
 Union troopers, who were extremely fortunate in escaping 
 a volley of musketry. 
 
 " During the passage of the army, provisions were at 
 famine prices, and to purchase milk, bread, and eggs re 
 quired a long purse and a forbearing temper. It was also 
 difficult to procure the regular army rations, and the com 
 pany fared roughly during its first two days of picket duty. 
 
336 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 The army gone, provisions became more plenty ; the mem 
 bers of the company proved capital foragers ; and with the 
 aid of a barrel of fine pork, which escaped from an army 
 wagon and was forthwith confiscated, the commissary de 
 partment was in a condition of comparative abundance. 
 An adjacent field, in which army-trains had been parked, 
 afforded rich foraging-ground after their departure. Tents 
 sufficient to shelter the whole company were obtained ; 
 kettles, pans, axes, and other domestic utensils were found 
 in abundance ; and muskets, sabres, and pistols were se 
 cured as mementos of the events of the day, and of the 
 wastefulness of a large army on the march. Horses and 
 mules, disabled and abandoned by the army, were also 
 abundant ; and so many were captured that horseback-riding 
 became a favorite amusement, and fears were expressed by 
 some, that the Second Company would forget its light-in 
 fantry drill, and be captivated by the charms of the cavalry 
 service. With the large supply of horses and mules, horse- 
 racing grew into popularity, arid dealings in horse-flesh 
 were not uncommon. The price of these unfortunate 
 quadrupeds, when sold to countrymen in search of good 
 bargains, was from five to twenty dollars. 
 
 " While stationed on the Emmettsburg Pike, the com 
 pany was visited by General Shaler, whose brigade passed 
 through the South Mountain Valley, about ten miles west 
 of Frederick. He was warmly welcomed by the members 
 of his old command, who rejoiced to see him in such fine 
 health and spirits, and wearing so gracefully his well-earned 
 laurels. During Thursday and Friday, heavy firing was 
 frequently and distinctly heard in the direction of Hagers- 
 town, where Kilpatrick and Buford, with cavalry and light 
 artillery, were constantly annoying the enemy." 
 
 A great spectacular attraction afforded to Camp Misery 
 was the body of the spy Richardson, which swung from a 
 bough near by three days and nights. This fellow had 
 
AT FEEDERICK. 337 
 
 often visited Fort Federal Hill in 1862, while the Seventh 
 was in garrison there, under a pretence of selling knick- 
 knacks. Colonel Lefferts, conceiving that his carcass had 
 long enough added to the natural heauties of Camp Misery, 
 sent orders from head-quarters, on the 10th, to have it 
 buried. This order was carried into effect as follows : 
 
 SPECIAL ORDER No. 29. 
 
 IN CAMP NEAR FREDERICK, MD., July 10, 1863. 
 
 By order of Colonel Lefferts, commanding post Frederick City, the, 
 body of the spy Richardson is to be buried. 
 
 Captain Rogers, Company K, will detail one sergeant and ten men to 
 proceed to the locust-tree in the rear of the camp under which the 
 body now lies and execute the order promptly. 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment New York State Militia. 
 
 (INDORSEMENT.) 
 
 This is to certify that the body of the spy Richardson was decently 
 interred at the foot of the tree where he was hung. 
 
 SERGEANT JAS. BLEECKER, 
 
 Tenth Company, Seventh Regiment. 
 
 On the 10th of July, Captain Rogers, of the Tenth Com 
 pany, was temporarily attached to Lieutenant McConnell s 
 battery, by the following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK CITY, July 10, 1863. 
 
 Captain Rogers, Company K, Seventh Regiment New York State 
 Militia, is temporarily attached to Battery I, Fifth United States Ar 
 tillery. He will confer with Lieutenant McConnell, commanding battery, 
 upon receipt of this order. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Commanding Post. 
 
 On the llth, Lieutenant-Colonel Price, in pursuance of 
 orders received from Colonel Lefferts, relieved the First 
 Company at Monocacy with the Second, and relieved the 
 latter from its picket duty on the pike with the Sixth Com 
 pany, Captain Young. These changes were more accept 
 able naturally to the two latter companies than to the 
 former, which returned to the regimental camp. " Packing 
 22 
 
338 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 its household goods in wagons and upon its mules and 
 horses, the company marched cheerfully away through 
 Frederick, and down the broad pike to its destination. The 
 morning was charming ; the march was enlivened by songs 
 and jokes, all of which, irrespective of merit, were laughed 
 at and applauded ; and at ten o clock, in the highest glee 
 and good-humor, the company reached Monocacy. The 
 only mishap of the morning was the running away of a 
 vicious mule, that was made frantic by the rattle of pots 
 and kettles upon his back, or by the shouts and blows of 
 his young negro rider, and went dashing down the road, 
 scattering his miscellaneous burden in every direction, and 
 followed with rapid strides, amid shouts of laughter, by his 
 disconsolate owners. The First Company having grum- 
 blingly departed for Camp Misery, the Second Company took 
 possession of its new and delightful quarters at Monocacy." 
 But what now remains of the story of the Frederick 
 campaign may be briefly told. The Army of the Potomac 
 was already far beyond Frederick ; it and its rival now 
 faced each other on the Potomac at Williamsport. Fred 
 erick was restored to its normal condition ; and Major- 
 General Schriver (Inspector-General of the Army of the 
 Potomac) arriving from Washington to take permanent 
 command of the post, Colonel Leiferts was relieved by 
 that officer, and resumed command of the Seventh Eegi- 
 ment. He forthwith, by General Schriver s direction, rein 
 forced the garrison at Monocacy by another company, the 
 Tenth, Lieutenant Ray commanding. " Great vigilance " 
 also was, by order of General Schriver, to be " enjoined 
 on all the troops stationed there." 
 
 HEAD- QUARTERS, FREDERICK CITY, July 13, 1863. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding Seventh N. Y. S. M. 
 
 SIR, You will please order forthwith another company of your regi 
 ment to Monocacy Junction, to be stationed there until further orders, 
 to serve, with the company already at that place, as guards to the bridges 
 and depot 
 
AT FREDERICK. 339 
 
 Consider the expediency of placing them under the command of a 
 field officer, and enjoin great vigilance on all the troops stationed there. 
 Very respectfully, sir, your obedient servant, 
 
 ED. SCHRIVER, 
 
 Major- General Commanding. 
 
 The same day, the 13th of July, Lieutenant Felt, com 
 manding the Seventh Company, relieved Captain Easton 
 and the Ninth Company on the Hagerstown Road. 
 
 But the Frederick campaign, with its duties and pleas 
 ures, was now nearly over. A new and for the Seventh 
 Regiment a final theatre of action during the war was al 
 ready opened. The remarks made upon the two previous 
 rolls apply to the roll now appended. 
 
 MUSTER-ROLL FOR 1863. 
 
 Colonel. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 Lieutenant- Colonel. Major. 
 
 JAMES PRICE. . 
 
 Staff". 
 
 William H. Hume, Adjutant John C. Barren, 2d Surgeon. 
 
 Stephen Rogers, 1st Surgeon. Gilbert T. Totten, 3d " 
 
 Charles T. McClenachan, Quartermaster. 
 
 Non-commissioned Staff. 
 
 Richard F. Ware, Sergt. Major. Marshall Lefferts, Jr., R. G. Guide. 
 
 L. L. S. Clearman, Quartermaster Sergt. John McKesson, L. G. Guide. 
 Wm. C. Platt, Commissary Sergt. Edward Fopte-, Sergt. of Guard. 
 
 Charles H. Winans, Ordnance Sergt. James W. Wilson, Hospital Steward. 
 Wm. H. Gibson, Color Sergt. Charles W. Weinig, Bugler. 
 
 Peter D. Braisted, " " David Graham, Chief Musician. 
 
 Band. 
 
 Claudio S. Grafulla, Band Master. 
 Fehz, Peter, 1st Class. Fielding, John, 2d Class. 
 
 Diller, Francis K., 
 Centerno, Lucien, 
 Bader, Frederick, 
 Hente, Charles, 
 Fritz, Edward, 
 
 Vroseck, William, 
 Giblehausen, Henry, 
 Bader, Henry, 
 Helfrich, Charles, 
 Gesner, Joseph, 
 
340 
 
 HISTOEY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Hoesline, Fredolino, 3d Class. 
 
 Dorty, Oliver, " " 
 
 Wahie, Frederick, " " 
 
 Worn, Louis, " " 
 
 Rosenberg, Sampson," " 
 
 Salamon, Mitchell, " " 
 
 Anderson, John, " " 
 
 Centerno, Ottavio, " " 
 
 Corley, Thomas, 3d Class. 
 
 Conner, Claudio G., " " 
 
 Linhard, Andrew, " " 
 
 Girard, A., " " 
 
 Barry, William, " " 
 
 Denise, J., " " 
 
 Johnson, T., " " 
 
 Peck, J., < 
 
 FIRST COMPANY (A). 
 Captain, WILLIAM P. BENSEL. 
 1st Lieutenant, Hugh M. Funston. 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Bogert, Peter J . (Orderly). Archer, Anson S. 
 
 Murray, James. Bensel, J. Warner. 
 
 Spelman, Wm. B. Leach, Henry L. 
 
 Barr, Samuel C. 
 Pearsall, Wm. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Apellas, Frederick A. 
 Apgar, Louis J. 
 Aston, Frederick S. 
 Baker, John T. 
 Barclay, James H. 
 Belknap, Augustus, 
 Belknap, Charles. 
 Bensel, Joseph. 
 Bornhoeft, John, Jr. 
 Boswell, William. 
 Bosworth, C. P. B. 
 Bull, William. 
 Byrne, Edward H. 
 Cowan, George W. 
 Dixon, Frederick B. 
 D Orville, A. 
 Eagleson, James H. 
 Emory, Montlin. 
 Falconer, Robert S. 
 Flagg, James. 
 Giffing, Isaac. 
 Griffith, William. 
 
 Hall, Samuel B. 
 Hamilton, Robert. 
 Hewlett, A. C. 
 Kellock, William. 
 Lyon, Charles H. 
 Macfarlane, John A. 
 Maginn, John W. 
 Masterson, Joseph H. 
 McMurtry, Oscar 
 Morgan, Henry A., Jr. 
 Moulin, H. 
 Perry, D. A. 
 Saunders, George H. 
 Schefers, Jacob. 
 Schenck, Wilkins. 
 Sherman, Frederick. 
 Spelman, Boswell S. 
 Thorn, William J. 
 Van de veer, J. R. 
 Vermilye, W. R., Jr. 
 West, Joseph C. 
 Winser, J. H. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 
 
 341 
 
 SECOND COMPANY (B). 
 Captain, EMMONS CLARK. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Peter Palmer. 
 
 , Sergeants. 
 
 Gould, Robert S., Jr. 
 Van Norden, Charles S. 
 Buchan, Robert C. 
 Quilliard, Gulian V. 
 Brower, Bloomfield. 
 
 / Alden, James M. 
 
 Amerman, Jacob B. 
 
 Bacon, Benjamin D. 
 / Baldwin, A. De Witt. 
 
 Baptist, Francis A. 
 
 Bartholomew, James H. 
 
 Beekman, Benjamin F. 
 
 Bernard, Walter. 
 
 Bird, John H. 
 
 Blanck, Thomas, Jr. 
 
 Blauvelt, Robert B. 
 
 Brockner, Washington, Jr. 
 
 Brown, Wilbur F. 
 
 Chace, Oliver M. 
 
 Church, William P. 
 
 Clark, George C. 
 
 Clark, James W. 
 
 Corbiere, George F. 
 
 Cornwall, George J. 
 
 Curtis, Albert A. 
 
 Davis, Alexander M. 
 
 Dawes, Francis A. 
 
 Day, Martin N. 
 
 Debenham, George. 
 
 Decker, Reuben. 
 
 Dusenbery, Edwin. 
 
 Dusenbery, George E. 
 
 Eadie, William R. 
 
 Ferry, Theodore S. 
 
 Find lay, Andrew, Jr. 
 
 Fletcher, Walter. 
 
 Foster, Frederick. 
 
 Gano, Joseph J. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, George M. Smith. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Mix, Eugene. 
 Agens, Frederick G. 
 Russell, James F. 
 Steele, Henry S. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Gould, William R. 
 Gregory, Frank. 
 Gregory, Henry S. 
 Hadley, Charles L. 
 Haff, Stephen, Jr. 
 Hall, William S. 
 Havens, Jonathan N. 
 Isham, Henry P. 
 Kase, John, Jr. 
 King, Josiah N. 
 Kotman, Louis E. 
 Lowere, Charles H. 
 Lowere, Thomas H. 
 Mahoney, Daniel. 
 Mahoney, John H., Jr. 
 Mather, Thomas D. 
 McKinley, Robert. 
 Menzies, William, Jr. 
 Mitchell, William A. 
 Moore, William F. 
 Nash, Edward N. 
 Naudine, George. 
 Nodine, William. 
 Oakey, John. 
 Pearae, William D. 
 Pinckney, Isaac L. 
 Prankard, Francis T. 
 Robinson, James W. 
 Roome, Hugh R. 
 Roome, James W. 
 Russell, Lewis H. 
 Salisbury, Richard L. 
 Savage, John A. 
 
342 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Servoss, Elias B. Trimble, Samuel. 
 
 . Sill, Frederick A. Vanderbilt, George. 
 
 Steele, Edward J. Van Duzer, William A. 
 
 / Stevens, George D. Ward, Daniel T. 
 
 Stone, Foster. Ward, Samuel L. H., Jr. 
 
 Strang, John C. Warner, Everardus. 
 
 , Swift, Charles, Jr. Weeks, William F. 
 
 Taylor, John H. Whitfield, Edward A. 
 
 Taylor, Joseph L. Wright, Charles S. 
 
 Terrett, Charles W. Wright, George H. 
 
 Thompson, Thomas. Young, Albert M. 
 
 Trimble, James D. 
 
 THIRD COMPANY (C). 
 Captain, GEORGE F. HAWS. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Pollard, Don Alonzo (Orderly). Allen, William H. 
 
 Kennedy, Charles S. Conroy, Thomas L. 
 
 Bend, William B. Burgoyne, Theodore. 
 
 Bobbins, Charles F. Mattison, Lucius H. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Abbott, Nelson. Haig, James B. 
 
 Amory, John M. Hick cox, Thomas N. 
 
 Brower, John L. Hyde, Zebulon E. 
 
 Cammann, Jacob L. Jackson, William H. 
 
 Cammann, Oswald, Jr. Ketchum, Daniel P. 
 
 Cheesebrough, Maxwell W. Mali, William W. 
 
 Conroy, William F. Mangam, Franklin. 
 
 Cornell, Thomas L. Oakley, Alfred. 
 
 Crary, Charles F. Pearce, Daniel B. 
 
 Curran, Hugh McC. Robinson, William G. 
 
 DeGrort, Henry F. Smith, Alexander M. C., Jr. 
 
 Drinker, James S. Steers, James. 
 
 Edgar, Le Roy. Talbert, Benjamin G. 
 
 Geary, Horace P. Tomkins, Henry. 
 
 Gregory, George W. White, John H. 
 Gunn, Charles L. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 
 
 343 
 
 FOURTH COMPANY (D). 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Henry Everdell. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Dickenson, George A. (Orderly). 
 Taylor, Thomas S. 
 Balen, Peter, Jr. 
 Nugent, Henry. 
 Taylor, Joseph D., Jr. 
 
 Baily, Gardner. 
 Beard, Sylvester. 
 Bogart, Arthur W. 
 Bradford, James S. 
 Britz, Samuel. 
 Bulkley, E. O. 
 Bunting, Howard. 
 Bunting, R. S. 
 Crandall, Frank. 
 Devoe, Isaac W. 
 Dumont, John B. 
 Fairchild, Mort. 
 Geery, Samuel W. 
 Gillespie, S. F. 
 Groot, Willis. 
 Gulager, L. W. 
 Haas, Leonard. 
 Hays, Benjamin J. 
 Hill, Darwin E. 
 Holly, H. H. 
 Honeywell, Charles. 
 Hough taling, Frank. 
 Hyatt, S. Burdett. 
 Jackson, Francis W. 
 Jarvis, D. M. 
 Jarvis, Edward A. 
 Jarvis, Jay. 
 
 2c? Lieutenant, William H. Kipp. 
 
 Corporals, 
 Ferry, Edwin W. 
 Peterson, William T. 
 Breeden, Abner H. 
 Hal stead, Robert. 
 Weyman, E. H. 
 Pendleton, Aug. F. 
 Sturtevant, C. 
 Ketcham, John B. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Jones, William. 
 Kennedy, John E. 
 King, Joseph L. 
 King, R. J. 
 Kipp, Pearson H. 
 Kopper, Fred. 
 Lambert, Wm. 
 Mackenzie, John. 
 Miller, Wm. R. 
 Mixsell, Aaron. 
 Montgomery, Geo. W. 
 Nichols, Carmon. 
 Nichols, Henry. 
 Olssen, Edward J. 
 Osborne, Elbert J. 
 Outcalt, Cornelius. 
 Parr, Benjamin. 
 Peake, Wm. 
 Peters, Joshua. 
 Resell, E. O., Jr. 
 Sanford, George H. 
 Schenck, D. D. 
 Schoonmaker, Hiram. 
 Smith, E. L. 
 Smith, Milton. 
 Terhune, Wm. 
 Thompson, J. J. 
 
344 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 FIFTH COMPANY (E). 
 Captain, VAN BUREN BUTTON. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, "Win. Seward, Jr. 2d Lieutenant, S. Oscar Ryder. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Wyckoff, Albert T. (Orderly). 
 Post, Geo. W. 
 Tibbals, Lewis P. 
 
 Abrams, Thomas D. 
 Baker, George W. 
 Beers, James E. 
 Bell, Wm. G. 
 Braisted, Francis M. 
 Canover, Gustavus W. 
 Coffin, George W. 
 Daily, Geo. H. 
 Dod worth, Allen R. 
 Donaldson, Thomas. 
 Edwards, John B. 
 Elliott, William P. 
 Goetz, J. William. 
 Grosvenor, Levi. 
 Hawkes, Thos. E. 
 Holbrook, Judson W. 
 Hopping, Augustus R. 
 Johnson, John. 
 Jones, George W. 
 King, Oliver. 
 Lockwood, Jesse C. 
 Losee, Augustus. 
 Losee, Edward M. 
 Mann, Charles W. 
 Matthews, Charles D. 
 McKibben, George. 
 
 Miller, John P. 
 Hutchings, Edward W., Jr. 
 Murray, Robert, Jr. 
 Nicoll, Augustus W. 
 Colvin, William H. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 McLean, Alexander W. 
 Meyers, Charles L. 
 Mix, Magellan F. 
 Moore, J. Spencer. 
 Moore, Thomas. 
 Noe, Augustus. 
 Palmer, George M. 
 Pease, Edward C. . 
 Quail, George. 
 Quail, William. 
 Reid, Robert. 
 Reynolds, James E. 
 Rust, John H. 
 Searles, William B. 
 Shelley, Michael W. 
 Simpson, Joseph H. 
 Smith, Edward A. 
 Smith, Francis A. 
 Smith, Henry A. 
 Stegman, John H. 
 Talcott, Thomas H. 
 Thorn, John C. 
 Tibbals, Edward P. 
 White, Charles L. 
 Whitney, Joseph S. 
 Yeaton, Samuel C. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 345 
 
 SIXTH COMPANY (F). 
 
 Captain, JOSEPH B. YOUNG. 
 1st Lieutenant, Edward O. Bird. 2d Lieutenant, Peyton Jaudon. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Brady, Abner S. (Orderly). Gardiner, Charles C. 
 
 Erving, John. Suydam, John F. 
 
 Freeman, W. B. Middlebrook, C. T. 
 
 Congdon, H. M. Hardy, J. F. 
 
 Pattison, William. 
 Nathan, H. H. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bull, William H. Little, W. 
 
 Canfield, C. P. Livingston, M. 
 
 Chambers, S. J. Macbeth, W. 
 
 Clearman, F. G. Miller, John. 
 
 Crocker, J. N. Mullaby, T. 
 
 Crow, A. T. Murray, W. 
 
 Daniel, William. Musgrave, J. J. 
 
 Forgerson, J. A. Nathan, F. 
 
 Gaus, A. Plestin, Charles F. 
 
 Goodrich, W. R. Powers, E. A. 
 
 Harner, J. H. Raynor, J. W. 
 
 Harrall, H. H. Sibley, William H. 
 
 Hendricks, E. Simons, J. F. 
 
 Hendricks, W. J. Stillwell, R. H. 
 
 Hone, John. Storer, D. A. 
 
 Hoy, Robert S. Tallman, C. L. 
 
 Irwin, F. T. Turner, H. B. 
 
 Jennings, W. T. Vernam, A. H. 
 
 Jones, W. P. Wood, W. S. 
 Kent, George A. 
 
 SEVENTH COMPANY (G). 
 2d Lieutenant (commanding), Edwin M. Felt. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Delano, Thomas E. (Orderly). Avery, John, Jr. 
 
 Holdredge, David M. Dunscomb, John H. A. 
 
 Pomeroy, Eugene H. Sherman, Samuel J. 
 
 Wheelwright, Wm. G. 
 
 De Lamater, Charles H. 
 
346 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Anderson, Smith W. 
 Bacon, Richard L. 
 Banks, Joseph E. 
 Barretto, William H. 
 Beebe, Charles W. 
 Bennett, Charles F. 
 Bowne, Robert S. 
 Briggs, Benjamin C. 
 Burroughs, James 8. 
 Callender, William E. 
 Clark, John G. 
 Cooper, George C. 
 Cortelyou, James H. 
 Crane, Edward I. 
 Crane, Frank G. 
 Drew, Thomas W. 
 Durant, George F. 
 Ely, Frederick W. 
 Freeborn, James F., Jr. 
 Gardner, John G. 
 Hale, Edward D. 
 Holdredge, Sterling M. 
 
 Ingersoll, James H. 
 Kingsland, Joseph T. 
 Louderbach, David, Jr. 
 Mackenzie, Mortimer L. 
 McJimsey, Eugene. 
 Millen, William. 
 Moore, George G. 
 Pomeroy, Edward G. 
 Putnam, Albert E. 
 Schermerhorn, Charles A. 
 Schermerhorn, Eugene E. 
 Schenck, William E. 
 Sherman, Albert G. 
 Sherman, Arthur W. 
 Simons, Henry C. 
 Simpson, William. 
 Steers, Abraham. 
 Trotter, Edgar A. 
 Turnbull, George R. 
 Van Loan, Benjamin A. 
 Van Sicklen, Henry K. 
 Voorhees, Frederick P. 
 
 EIGHTH COMPANY (H). 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Howard Waldo. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Casey, Wm. C. (Orderly). 
 Howell, Wm. P. 
 Morrison, James, Jr. 
 
 Abrams, James C. 
 Adams, William, Jr. 
 Allen, Charles D. 
 Bartlett, William E. 
 Benedict, James. 
 Berry, Samuel J., Jr. 
 Boyce, George A. 
 Burkhalter, John H. 
 Coles, Edward 0. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Gilbert L. Arrowsmith. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Ryder, Alfred V. 
 Loder, Benjamin. 
 Mather, De Witt C. 
 Gifford, Sanford R. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Delano, Victor M. 
 Easton, Frederick J. 
 Forshay, George H. 
 Franklin, Peter B. 
 Garson, Thomas E., Jr. 
 Gillilan, John, Jr. 
 Gross, Frank, Jr. 
 Halsted, William H. 
 Hanford, William H. 
 
AT FREDERICK. 347 
 
 Heiser, Frederick S. Oddie, John V. S. 
 
 Hoe, William A. Pease, Walter A. 
 
 Hull, William R. Potter, Allen B, 
 
 Jackson, F. D. Price, Charles A. 
 
 Knight, A. L. Richards, John S. 
 
 McKune, James. Sloane, William D. 
 
 Mercein, James R. Van Woert, J. V., Jr. 
 
 Morrison, William A. Williams, George P. 
 Murray, George W. 
 
 NINTH COMPANY (I). 
 
 Captain, CHARLES A. EASTON. 
 1st Lieutenant, Henry A. Cragin. 2d Lieutenant, Irvin H. MacBride. 
 
 Sergeants. Corporals. 
 
 Keeler, Edwin, Jr. (Orderly). Ketchum, Edmund. 
 
 Moore, Lawrence, Jr. Dummell, G. H. 
 
 Burdick, J. C. . Arthur, E. G. 
 
 O Brien, Oswin. Ryan, W. H. 
 
 Corey, R. P. Lounsberry, J. H. 
 
 Kingsland, D. C. 
 
 Sweet, M. B. 
 
 Edgar, S. P. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Aclasson, De Lamater W. Eames, G. H. 
 
 Adams, Austin. Fisher, H. C. 
 
 Albertson, Edwin. Franklin, Wm. 
 
 Arthur, W. H. Germond, G. B. 
 
 Bill, Avery, Jr. (July 7). Gilmour, M. J. 
 
 Black, F. A. Glazo, G. J. 
 
 Black, James. Hannah, George. 
 
 Bogert, Jacob J. Haushe, J. B. 
 
 Brink, H. P. Hazeltine, J. M. 
 
 Burt, John (July 5). Howe, L. P 
 
 Bush, Theo. H. Imlay, M. 
 
 Church, J. A. King, C. E. 
 
 Church, E. D. Knapp, E. S. 
 
 Churchill, F. A. Lane, N. P. 
 
 Coburn, J. W. Lent, D. W. C. 
 
 Crosby, H. L. Lewis, George. 
 
 Cutter, H. M. McCrea, J. E. 
 
 Dewitt, Peter. McDonald, Alex. (July 2). 
 
348 
 
 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Meeks, . 
 
 Merchant, A. T. 
 Merritt, A. B. 
 Miller, Anthony. 
 Mingay, E. B. 
 Mitchell, John. 
 Neilson, C. F. 
 
 Randall, . 
 
 Roberts, M. H. 
 Roberts, R. L. 
 Rutherford, J. 
 
 Salisbury, . 
 
 Schermerhorn, A. 
 Schermerhorn, W. B. 
 Schultry, Theodore. 
 
 Searle, H. A. 
 
 Smith, John W. (July 7). 
 
 Sprague, C. G. 
 
 Stine, George H. (July 7). 
 
 Sutherland, L. V. 
 
 Swan, H. C. 
 
 Taylor, James P. 
 
 Thistle, Boyd (July 7). 
 
 Van Iderstine, Peter. 
 
 Van Nest, G. G. 
 
 White, G. W. 
 
 Wilson, George. 
 
 Young, D. A. 
 
 Youle, George. 
 
 TENTH COMPANY (K). 
 Captain, E. P. ROGERS. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, James Ray. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Clinton, C. W. (Orderly). 
 Bleecker, James. 
 Gawtry, H. E. 
 
 Bleecker, T. B. 
 
 Drummer, Osborne, William. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Jos. Lentilhon. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Drake, L. 
 Bogert, C. L. 
 Macy, Chas. A., Jr. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bronson, O. 
 
 Bronson, W. 
 
 Burckle, I. J. 
 
 Churchill, J. L. 
 
 D Hervilly, Ed. 
 
 Greene, R. H. 
 
 Hart, L., Jr. 
 
 Houghton, F. W. 
 
 Jones, E. R. 
 
 Kobbe, P. F.. 
 
 Kobte, W. A. 
 
 Lacombe, E. H. 
 
 Luqueer, F. S., Jr. (Commissary). 
 
 Macdonald, J. A. 
 
 Mann, S. V. 
 
 Milhan, R. P. 
 
 Mitchell, H. P. 
 
 Mitchell, R. G., Jr. 
 
 Moran, D. C. 
 Morris, Stuy t. 
 Mortimer, C. A. 
 Ostrander, R. W. 
 Paton, Jas., Jr. 
 Pell, A., Jr. 
 Pierson, E. F. 
 Reid, H. H. 
 Rogers, Phil. 
 Scott, D. J. 
 Taylor, J. B. 
 Thorne, J., Jr. 
 Van Ranst, S. T. 
 Warner, J. H. 
 Wetherspoon, H. H. 
 
 Wetmore, (Engineer). 
 
 White, J. C. 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 
 
 349 
 
 CHAPTER XYIII. 
 
 THE DRAFT RIOTS. 
 
 page of Ajnerican civic his 
 tory is blacker than that 
 which records the " Draft 
 Riots" of the midsummer of 
 1863, an epoch alike terri 
 ble and disgraceful in the 
 annals of the Republic. Of 
 these riots the city of New 
 York was the centre and 
 source ; and, though they 
 forthwith spread to other 
 large cities, in New York oc 
 curred their most terrible vio 
 lence. 
 
 Saturday, the llth of July, 
 was the day appointed for the 
 conscription under the Enrol 
 ment Act, in the city of New 
 York. That a riot would come of it was expected, in 
 deed, an incendiary hand-bill circulated on the eve of the 
 4th of July, had indicated an earlier outbreak ; but the vic 
 tory at Gettysburg seemed to have checked it. On the 
 morning of Monday, the 13th, a mob collected around the 
 enrolment office at the corner of Third Avenue and Forty- 
 Sixth Sjtreet, drove out the enrolling officers, and set the 
 building in flames. The police and a detachment of the 
 Invalid Corps, who rallied to quell the meute, were quickly 
 repulsed. 
 
350 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Already a hydra-headed mob governed New York ! The 
 spark in an instant had burst into flame. Joined by thou 
 sands of frenzied workmen and idlers, the rioters soon 
 found the city in their power. For three days they main 
 tained a reign of terror. Enrolling-offices were burned ; 
 the Colored Orphan Asylum, a fine building devoted to a 
 noble charity, was sacked and destroyed ; the dwellings of 
 citizens obnoxious to the mob were pillaged ; black people 
 of both sexes and all ages were shot at, chased through the 
 streets, each panting fugitive with a hundred miscreants 
 at his heels. Here you might see a black man s little 
 house in flames ; there, the mangled body of its owner, 
 clubbed or stoned to shapelessness ; yonder, a negro hang 
 ing lifeless to a lamp-post. Mobs besieged alike obnoxious 
 newspaper offices, great factories, whose workmen they 
 took by force to join them, and the homes of eminent 
 citizens. They tore down and trampled under foot the na 
 tional flags, robbed stores in open day, and plundered and 
 beat citizens in the street. Business was suspended, the 
 street cars and stages did not dare to run, plate and prop 
 erty were concealed, houses were locked and fortified. 
 
 On Tuesday, the 14th of July, the news of the riot in 
 New York reached the camp of the Seventh Regiment at 
 Frederick and Monocacy, followed by instructions from 
 General Halleck, at Washington, to proceed homeward 
 forthwith and report to General Wool, then in command of 
 the insurrectionary city. The order was transmitted to 
 Colonel Lefferts through General Schriver, as follows : 
 
 " SIR, Major-General Halleck directs that the Seventh New York 
 State Militia be sent to New York by railroad, to report to Major- 
 General Wool. You will please to take immediate measures to carry 
 out the order." 
 
 It was a welcome command. The work of the Seventh 
 Regiment at the front was done. The exigency for which 
 it had marched was happily ended. The victory at Gettys- 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 351 
 
 \ 
 
 burg had settled the question of invasion, and both of the 
 great armies, having crossed the Potomac, were now mak 
 ing their way into Virginia. The post of duty for the 
 Seventh was no longer Maryland, but New York, the 
 protection of hearths and homes. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, who had already received tidings 
 of the riot, was prepared to act forthwith upon Hal- 
 leek s instructions. He received the foregoing order 
 in person at head-quarters in Frederick at four o clock, 
 p. M., of the 14th, and made all haste in its execution. 
 With such celerity were his outposts and detachments 
 called in and his camp broken, that, notwithstanding 
 the roads were very heavy after a long storm, the whole 
 regiment was gathered at Monocacy Junction in four and 
 a half hours from the time the Colonel received marching 
 orders at Frederick City. He had also sent one of his 
 staff ahead to Monocacy to expedite the providing of trans 
 portation to Baltimore; but on arriving, at 8.30 o clock, 
 p. M., at the Junction, he found that the cars could not 
 leave until 11.45, P.M. At that hour, the close, dirty, 
 and comfortless trains started, and arrived in Baltimore at 
 5, A. M,, of the 15th. At 8.30, A. M., the regiment left 
 Baltimore by rail for Philadelphia, which it reached towards 
 evening. 
 
 Meanwhile, Governor Seymour had sent to Colonel Lef 
 ferts an intimation that possibly the rails might be taken 
 up at or near Newark, and the regiment there attacked, 
 with a view to prevent or delay its arrival in New York. 
 To foil this movement and to reach New York, where there 
 was pressing necessity for the regiment s presence at the 
 earliest hour, Colonel Lefferts arranged, with the assistance 
 of Colonel E. S. Sanford, to transport the regiment from 
 Philadelphia via Amboy, landing at Canal Street, the 
 latter point being suggested by Governor Seymour, who 
 had so telegraphed : 
 
352 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 NEW YORK, July 15, 1863, 8.20 p. M. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M. 
 
 It will be best to land at Canal Street, unless you prefer a point lower 
 down. Report to me at police head-quarters. 
 
 HORATIO SEYMOUR. 
 
 Accordingly, after supper at the Soldiers Refreshment 
 Saloon, Philadelphia, the regiment proceeded by rail to 
 Amboy, which it reached at one o clock in the morning, and 
 there took steamer for New York. On the way, Private 
 Schenck, of the Seventh Company, fell overboard and was 
 drowned. 
 
 At dawn of Thursday, the 16th of July, the steamer 
 touched the Canal Street pier, and the regiment promptly 
 disembarked. Exaggerated accounts of atrocities which 
 required no exaggeration, meeting the men on their jour 
 ney, had prepared them to expect street-fighting, and it 
 was supposed that every inch of their way would be con 
 tested. The silence and vacancy of the streets, usually so 
 busy and noisy in the neighborhood, told at once the change 
 that had come over the city. But through Canal Street 
 and Broadway, without the slightest show of opposition, the 
 regiment marched to the St. Nicholas Hotel, the head-quar 
 ters of General Wool, commanding the department. Re 
 porting to that officer, Colonel Lefferts was by him directed 
 to conduct the regiment to the armory, and there remain, 
 ready for immediate service. The Veterans of the National 
 Guard, " faithful guardians of the portal stood," having 
 through the three days menace of the mob there kept 
 watch and ward. 
 
 The arrival of the Seventh Regiment in New York was 
 hailed with satisfaction and delight by all peaceful and 
 law-abiding citizens, and with execrations by the mob. We 
 have described its welcome home after its earlier cam 
 paigns ; a greeting far different was accorded now. No 
 throngs so vast were assembled to greet its early coming ; 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 353 
 
 but the welcome in the hearts of the citizens was more 
 fervent than ever before. As the approach of the Seventh 
 had been anxiously awaited, so its arrival gave general con 
 fidence to the distressed citizens, and diffused a grateful 
 sense of tranquillity. The news was quickly telegraphed 
 through the country, and was accepted everywhere as a 
 pledge of the security of New York.* 
 
 Three days and nights the riot had raged ; but it had 
 reached its climax and was already subsiding. The police, 
 who displayed admirable address and undaunted bravery 
 against overwhelming numbers, a few detachments of Regu 
 lars from neighboring posts and of marines from the Navy- 
 yard, and, at last, some volunteer and militia regiments 
 returning home or going through the city to the front, made 
 head against the mob. And many noble-hearted citizens, 
 with a courage greater than that which a pitched battle 
 usually requires, fought the savage mob in the streets. Nor 
 was it a service without peril. Colonel O Brien was brutally 
 beaten to death by a legion of cruel assailants ; and the 
 gallant Jardine a member of the Seventh, but then 
 Colonel of the Eighty-Ninth New York Volunteers was 
 cruelly maimed by the rioters, suffering a compound frac 
 ture of the thigh, which disables him to this day. How 
 ever, the police, the citizens, and the Regulars gave more 
 wounds than they took, and killed and wounded some 
 hundreds of the rioters in the various skirmishes. This 
 slaughter had a good effect, insomuch that, after its first 
 
 * The Baltimore Daily Clipper of July 17 said : " The gallant New York 
 Seventh, to whom our city and State is so much indebted, for its promptness on 
 three several occasions flying to our aid, when we were endangered by Rebel forces 
 coming over the Potomac, or by a worse foe in our midst, in the sympathizers with 
 Rebellion on the 19th of April, 1861, were promptly recalled home to attend to the 
 Copperheads of New York, and their agents, the mob of the Five Points ; and as 
 they are announced to have arrived there on the evening of Wednesday, we have 
 strong reasons for believing that ere this the pestilent mob has been suppressed. 
 With that regiment at home, and a man in command of the military district who 
 understood his duty, this disgraceful riot would have been nipped in the bud." 
 23 
 
354 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 fury was spent, and two millions worth of property de 
 stroyed, the mob began to shrink from further responsi 
 bility. 
 
 The following order was issued by Colonel Lefferts on 
 arriving in New York : 
 
 " All members of this regiment are ordered to report at the armory, 
 to their respective commandants, this afternoon at six o clock, armed 
 and equipped. 
 
 " No excuse, except that of sickness or other disability, will be re 
 ceived." 
 
 Those members who had remained in New York during 
 the campaign had already performed efficient service during 
 the riots. On the first day, Monday, all members of the 
 regiment then at home were ordered to report at the 
 armory, and were there on guard all night, ready to be 
 called on. On Tuesday morning they were temporarily 
 dismissed, under orders to report again for duty at half- 
 past seven on Tuesday evening. At nine o clock that night, 
 a body of about seventy officers and men of the Seventh, 
 and an equal force of the Twenty-Second Regiment, marched 
 to Webb s ship-yard, to protect the iron-clad vessel there 
 building. They were under arms all night, in a duty at 
 once comfortless and perilous, as the mob often approached, 
 yelling and threatening ; it had forced the suspension of 
 work on the vessel, that the Avorkmen might join them, and 
 menaced to destroy all the government property, valued at 
 two million dollars. But their malignity vented itself only 
 in threats. This detachment from the Seventh was re-en 
 forced by a howitzer sent from the Navy-yard, whose pres 
 ence had a good effect on the mob. 
 
 During Thursday morning the whole regiment remained 
 in the armory. At 10, A. M., Colonel Lefferts reported to 
 Governor Seymour. In consequence of the order (already 
 recorded) directing him to leave all baggage at Fort Fed 
 eral Hill, his men were entirely destitute of extra clothing, 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 355 
 
 and they had not changed their underclothing for eleven 
 days, during which time also they had not even had 
 shelter-tents. Nevertheless, they were ready for instant 
 duty. / 
 
 However, there were signs of the waning of the riot. 
 The street railroads had all recommenced running, and the 
 workmen had mostly returned to the large factories and 
 shops. The draft had been suspended, and thus the imme 
 diate cause for insurrection was taken away from the rioters. 
 However, a residuum of rogues, thieves, drunken laborers, 
 and others, still prolonged the carnival of crime from sheer 
 love of it. The stronghold of this force was now on the 
 east side of the city, in the upper wards, in that neighbor 
 hood where Colonel O Brien had been murdered. That 
 part of the city, General Harvey Brown, United States 
 Artillery, commanding in the city under General Wool, 
 Department Commander, at once put under the charge of 
 Colonel Lefferts. 
 
 During Thursday afternoon Colonel Lefferts received the 
 following order : 
 
 Colonel Lefferts of the Seventh Regiment, Xew York Militia, will 
 proceed and take station with his regiment as follows. His head-quar 
 ters with one battalion at the Eighteenth Precinct, and one battalion 
 under command of the senior field officer at the Twenty-First Precinct, 
 the Colonel commanding both. He is charged with suppressing all mobs 
 and riots, and will sternly use all means he has in doing so 
 
 His district extends from Seventh Street to Sixty-Fifth Street, and he 
 will make such further distribution of his regiment as he may think 
 proper. He will continue in that district until he receives further 
 orders, and will make frequent reports to these head-quarters. 
 
 By command of Brevet Brigadier-General Harvey Brown, 
 
 JOHN B. FROTHINGHAM. Lieut.-CoL, A. D. C., U. S. A. 
 
 During the day, Colonel Lefferts also received an appeal 
 for succor from General Sandford, who had been on duty 
 at the Seventh Avenue Arsenal for several days, and from 
 which point he now wrote as follows : 
 
356 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 COLONEL, If not under orders from Major-General Wool, I wish you 
 to report the number and disposition of your regiment. I am here with 
 a very small force, entirely worn out with constant duty for three days, 
 which I am anxious to relieve as soon as possible. Please to send a re 
 turn as soon as possible of your present force, and upon what duty you 
 are employed. 
 
 Yours, respectfully, 
 
 CHAS. W. SANDFORD, Major-General. 
 
 Upon the receipt of General Brown s order, Colonel Lef- 
 ferts marched his command into the district there indicated. 
 It comprised the part of the city lying between Seventh and 
 Sixty-Fifth Streets, and between Third Avenue and East 
 River. It included the hoi>-bed of the riot. Within this 
 district occurred the sharp fight between the mob and the 
 small body of Regulars, under Captain Putnam of the 
 Twelfth Infantry (U. S. A.), with an insurgent loss, ac 
 cording to that officer, of thirty-three killed and wounded 
 and twenty-four prisoners, while but a few of his men were 
 wounded. Into this district Colonel Lefferts, towards even 
 ing, marched his regiment. An appeal being made to him 
 for haste, on the ground that a street>fight was in progress 
 in Twenty-Second Street, near Third Avenue, he hurried 
 off two companies, the Second, Captain Clark, and the 
 Third, Lieutenant Murray, both under command of the 
 former officer, directing them to proceed through Second 
 Avenue, to stop the fight if still going on, and thence pro 
 ceed to the regimental station in Thirty-Fifth Street. With 
 the main body of the regiment he proceeded soon after 
 through Third Avenue to the same point. 
 
 In the neighborhood of Twenty-Second Street, the Second 
 and Third Companies were assailed with missiles and with 
 scattering shots from windows, doors, and house-tops. The 
 fire was returned whenever practicable. Through this try 
 ing ordeal of the attack of a concealed foe, the men marched 
 steadily and coolly to Thirty-Fifth Street, the rioters every 
 where flying from the street to their houses and fences. 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 357 
 
 Fortunately, the only wound was that of Private Davis, who 
 received a buckshot in the hand ; the- coats of Privates 
 Curtis and King were torn by bullets. After dark, also, 
 as Colonel Lefferts reports, his reconnoitring parties were 
 " continually annoy e^ by shots from the houses and other 
 places of concealment." One of the city papers next day 
 said of this skirmish : 
 
 On the way, the mob fired on the soldiers from windows, house-tops, 
 doors, and alley-ways. The soldiers returned the fire. None of the 
 Seventh were injured. One of its members had a ball cut the back part 
 of his uniform. The firing was of a straggling character. In the course 
 of the march, taking both sides, perhaps some three hundred shots 
 were fired. It is thought that many of the mob were wounded. Two 
 are known to be killed and three to be injured." 
 
 The Second and Third Companies joined the rest of the 
 regiment at Thirty-Fifth Street, where it was quartered for 
 the night in a large rubber-factory. Colonel Lefferts s head 
 quarters were at the police station of the Twenty-First Pre 
 cinct, two doors from Third Avenue, where also was 
 posted the Eighth Company. While engaged in removing 
 a wounded policeman to the Bellevue Hospital, the Eighth 
 Company had an encounter with the mob. Other com 
 panies were properly disposed for guard duty. At 10, 
 p. M., in obedience to instructions, Colonel Lefferts sent 
 down to Fourteenth Street a battalion of four companies, 
 together with howitzers (the latter under command of 
 Captain Rogers, Company K), the whole under command 
 of Lieutenant-Colonel Price ; and this force thoroughly pa 
 trolled the district between Thirty-Fifth and Thirteenth 
 Streets, and between Third Avenue and the river. 
 
 The night passed without further events of importance. 
 Next morning, Colonel Lefferts made the following re 
 port : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTE-HS SEVENTH REGIMENT, TWENTY-FIRST PRECINCT, 
 
 July 17, 1864. 
 
 GENERAL HARVEY BROWN. 
 
 SIR, I have the honor to report the district under my charge as 
 
358 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 quiet after twelve o clock, p. M. I was obliged to use harsh measures 
 during the evening, but hope we shall have no further trouble. 
 
 In obedience to orders, a thorough patrol of the district between 
 Thirty-Fifth Street and Fourteenth Street, Third .Avenue and East 
 River, was made last evening after ten o clock, p. M. None of my men 
 were injured. 
 
 MA RSHALL LEFFERTS, 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 The morning papers contained stories of " severe en 
 gagements," with " losses in killed and wounded," on the 
 part of the Seventh. But these were promptly contra 
 dicted. 
 
 While in command of his district, on the night of the 
 16th, Colonel Lefferts had been informed of several depots 
 of arms in possession of the mob. One of the memoranda 
 so received was accompanied by a rough plan of the prem 
 ises to be seized, and the streets adjacent. It read as fol 
 lows : 
 
 " Opposite 145 East Twenty-First Street, four or five story house 
 contains both a large number of men and a large quantity of carbines, 
 ready to use. Their retreat can be headed off by a strong force placed 
 in Twenty-Second Street, in the rear of opposite 145 East Twenty-First 
 Street, and at the head of Twenty-First Street and Second Avenue." 
 
 Accordingly, on the morning of the 17th, he proceeded 
 with his whole force to Thirty-Eighth Street, and there 
 stretched a cordon of men around the block enclosed be 
 tween Thirty-Eighth and Thirty-Seventh Streets, and Second 
 and Third Avenues. This done, the houses in the block 
 were entered and searched. He proceeded in like manner 
 southerly, from block to block, toward Fourteenth Street, 
 until about two hundred and fifty guns (many of them 
 loaded and capped) had been collected and secured, beside 
 a considerable quantity of clothing, which had been stolen 
 from the store of Messrs. Brooks. In this work, Colonel 
 Lefferts was aided by Acting Captain Brackett of the police, 
 with a platoon of policemen. At two o clock, p. M., he re- 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 359 
 
 ceived orders from head-quarters to return to the regimental 
 armory. 
 
 The riot, which began with the week, almost wholly died 
 out with its close. Saturday, the sixth day, found the city 
 nearly as tranquil as usual, save for the military forces 
 moving hither and thither, and the remnants of the riotous 
 population gathering in knots, and muttering the threats 
 they had lately yelled in triumph. In the wake of the 
 Seventh other militia regiments had hurried home from 
 Maryland, and returning volunteer troops had been stopped 
 and put on duty in the city. General Dix was put in com 
 mand of the department, with General Canby in charge of 
 the city. Cavalry, infantry, and artillery in abundance 
 overawed the mob. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, on the evening of the 18th, completely 
 worn out and ill, left Lieutenant-Colonel Price in command. 
 On the night of the 19th a part of the regiment was dis 
 missed ; but for two weeks thereafter the companies re 
 mained on duty by turns, one night each. August had 
 well advanced before the elaborate precautions against riots 
 were relaxed, and mob law had become a story of the past. 
 The following was Colonel Price s order on this subject : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 2. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. N. G.. 
 NEW YORK, August 1, 1863. 
 
 In compliance with division order of this P. M., one full company con 
 sisting of one hundred men is hereby detailed for duty at the armory 
 from day to day, together with two non-commissioned officers from each 
 company not on duty, and -two non-commissioned staff officers, until 
 further orders. Captain Clark, with his command, will relieve the detach 
 ment of Company A at eight o clock to-morrow morning. Captain Clark 
 will be relieved in turn by the officer commanding company next in 
 rank on Monday morning at the same hour, and the remaining compa 
 nies will relieve in turn according to rank each twenty- four hpurs there 
 after. 
 
 Morning reports will be made to the Adjutant in person before nine 
 
360 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 o clock, A. M., together with a list of delinquents ; absence from the city 
 will not be considered an excuse for neglect of duty. 
 
 Officers will report in person to the commanding officer in case they 
 desire to leave town. 
 
 By order of 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 WM. H. HUME, Adjutant. ZAeutenant- Colonel Commanding. 
 
 On the 17th of August, Colonel Lefferts received leave of 
 absence, and Lieutenant-Colonel Price was directed by 
 General Hall to assume command. This he did, and, in 
 compliance with division and brigade orders of the same 
 date, assembled the regiment on the following evening, in 
 full fatigue dress, light marching order. The fact was 
 that, on the 20th, the draft was to be resumed ; and the en 
 tire regiment was thus again on duty for several days. At 
 length, however, some respite came in the following or 
 der : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 5. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. N. G., 
 NEW YORK, August 22, 1863. 
 
 Companies II, B, C, E, and A, composing the right wing, will remain 
 on duty at the armory until Sunday, August 23, at eight o clock, p. M., 
 and then will be relieved by Companies G, I, K, F, and D, composing 
 the left wing of the regiment, until August 24, at eight o clock, p. M., 
 and so alternate until further orders. 
 
 This arrangement will not change the tour of guard duty now in force, 
 but the order is so far modified as to require but one energetic non-com 
 missioned officer from each company to remain at the armory constantly. 
 
 Passes, not to exceed one sixth of the force on duty, may be given by 
 the commissioned officers, in special cases, for short periods only, but 
 every pass must be countersigned by the officer in command of the bat 
 talion. 
 
 Meals will be provided at seven, A. M., and two and seven, p. M., for 
 three hundred and fifty men. 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 
 Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding. 
 
 Other reductions of force were subsequently made, and 
 at length the guard duty was lightened by the two follow 
 ing orders : 
 
THE DEAFT RIOTS. 361 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 6. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. N. G., 
 NEW YORK, August 28, 1863. 
 
 By permission of the Major-General commanding, the order of the 
 26th is so far modified as to reduce the number of men constantly on 
 duty at the armory to one hundred, in addition to two non-commissioned 
 officers from each company not on duty, and two non-commissioned staiF 
 officers. 
 
 Companies H and D, under the command of the senior officer, will 
 commence the tour of guard duty to-morrow, Saturday morning, at eight 
 o clock, and be relieved on Sunday, the 30th instant, by Companies A and 
 B, followed in succession, each twenty-fbur hours thereafter, by Compa 
 nies I and C, F and G, and E and K, until further orders. 
 
 Reports will made to the Adjutant in person, at nine, A. M., each day. 
 By order of 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding. 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 7. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. N. G., 
 NEW YORK, September 1, 1863. 
 
 In compliance with brigade order of this date, the force on duty at the 
 armory is reduced to twenty-seven men, viz. one sergeant, one corporal, 
 fifteen men, together with one non-commissioned officer from each com 
 pany not on duty, in charge of the company roster, and one non-com 
 missioned staff officer. 
 
 Captain Dutton will detail one sergeant, one corporal, and fifteen men 
 from Company E to report for duty to-morrow morning, at eight 
 o clock, to be relieved on Thursday, the 3d instant, by the same comple 
 ment of men from Company K. The other companies, with like num 
 bers, will relieve in turn according to rank, until further orders. 
 
 By order of 
 
 JAMES PRICE, 
 Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding. 
 W. H. HUME, Adjutant. 
 
 Tims this wearisome epilogue to the Maryland campaign 
 lasted to the 10th of September, making the tour of duty 
 for 1863 nearly a three months tour after all. 
 
 Meanwhile, however, the " third campaign " proper had 
 been formally ended on the 21st of July, 1863, when, for 
 the third and last time during the war, the Seventh Regi- 
 
362 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 ment was mustered out of the United States service, after 
 a campaign of six-and-thirty days. 
 
 In his order, three days later, expressive of thanks for 
 this campaign, Governor Seymour said : 
 
 " The Governor and Coinmander-in-Chief of the military forces of 
 the State of New York, upon the return of those regiments of the 
 National Guard who, upon his order, with a promptness and alacrity 
 which excited the admiration of the whole country, went forth on a 
 sudden call of danger to other States, expresses to them his thanks 
 for their gallant and successful service, which has been alike honor 
 able to them and to the State whose name and arms they are proud to 
 bear. 
 
 " By the ready and vigorous assistance thus rendered, the soil of Penn 
 sylvania was relieved from the presence of the invader, and aid was 
 given to the national armies which helped to win the victories at Get 
 tysburg. 
 
 " The people of the State of New York will remember with pride and 
 honor with praise their fellow-citizens who had prepared themselves 
 for this great work by a long period of drill and discipline at a time 
 when general encouragement was withheld. It required no little moral 
 courage to uphold our militia system when it had fallen into disrepute ; 
 but this has been done by the citizen soldiery of New York, who 
 have nobly maintained their organization, and by their example and 
 zeal revived a martial spirit throughout the State which we must re 
 gard as our surest protection in the hour of danger. It has shown the 
 utility of that section of our national Constitution which declares that a 
 * well-regulated militia being necessary for the security of a free State, 
 the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 
 So careful were our fathers upon this point, that they exempted the 
 musket from seizure and sale before they placed the tools of the me 
 chanic and the implements of husbandry beyond the reach of the cred 
 itors grasp. They confided the safety of the Republic to the hands of its 
 citizens, and secured to them the musket as they did the ballot, for the 
 defence of their rights and the protection of their interests. Time has 
 demonstrated their wisdom. 
 
 " If our militia system is allowed to decay, all our institutions are 
 weakened. The militia is the main strength of the executive to main 
 tain the laws, put down insurrection, and to repel invasion. 
 
 " Within thirty days the uniformed militia of this State have gone 
 forth to assist their brethren beyond our limits, and have returned to 
 put down riot, arson, and robbery at home ; they have aided in defend- 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 363 
 
 ing the national flag and honor upon the battle fields of other States, 
 and, that done, their tread upon the pavements of this great city brought 
 back a sense of security to its disturbed and endangered inhabitants." 
 
 The arduous duties imposed upon Colonel Lefferts during 
 the hot summer of 1863 had so impaired his health as to 
 render it necessary for him to tender his resignation. 
 Already, on the 9th of March, 1863, lie had resigned his 
 command, issuing this farewell order : 
 
 BROTHER OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT, 
 
 I am about to issue my last order, and to bid you farewell. The 
 older members of the regiment especially can understand what it costs 
 me to sever my connection with those in whose company I have 
 passed so many pleasant hours; but family cares and business rela 
 tions, with constantly increasing demands upon my time, have long 
 since warned me of the necessity of resigning my position as your com 
 manding officer. 
 
 In the year 1851 I was elected from the ranks of the Eighth Company 
 to a commission as Major, a few years later to that of Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 and for nearly four years past I have served as Colonel commanding the 
 regiment ; and I have to thank you most sincerely for your unwavering 
 support, and the cheerful confidence with which you have always obeyed 
 my orders. How far we have been successful in maintaining the stand 
 ard and esprit de corps of the regiment is shown, I think, by its numeri 
 cal strength and complete equipment and organization as it stands to 
 day. Notwithstanding the large demands upon our ranks, since the war 
 commenced, for officers, of whom we have furnished between three and 
 four hundred of various grades, most of them now serving in the army, 
 
 we have still upon our rolls more than eleven hundred rank and file 
 who are ready for duty. 
 
 The services which you have performed during the past two years 
 have been honorably acknowledged by the general government, as well as 
 by your own State ; and when impartial history shall record the events 
 of the mighty struggle now going on, the Seventh Regiment will enjoy 
 untarnished honor, in common with the noble spirits who have flocked 
 to our country s standard to defend our nationality and republican lib 
 erty ; and the names of your comrades, Winthrop, Farnham, Gadsden, 
 O Brien, and others, who have fallen in the field of battle, now 
 shrouded in mourning drapery on your walls, in touching tribute to 
 their bravery and your loss, will claim conspicuous places on the 
 
364 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 scroll which is to tell posterity of those who died in defence of the Con 
 stitution and the laws. 
 
 My proudest boast the happiest of my recollections is that I have 
 never asked of you any service, or anything even out of the line of of 
 ficial duty, which has not been most readily and cheerfully granted. 
 These are evidences of a friendship and mutual attachment which I 
 trust will still continue when our official relations shah 1 have ceased to 
 exist. 
 
 Let the regiment only be true to itself, and no defence of its acts will 
 ever be needed ; its history will be recorded in the hearts of our citizens. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 NEW YORK, March 9, 1863. 
 
 Two days later, the llth of March, Colonel Lefferts 
 transmitted his resignation to General Hall, commanding 
 the Third Brigade, with an urgent request for its prompt 
 acceptance at head-quarters. But with the resignation 
 General Hall took the liberty of enclosing to Albany an 
 other document on the same subject, which had been quick 
 ly drawn up and put into his hands, namely, a petition 
 signed by no less than twenty-four commissioned officers 
 and seven hundred rank and file, urging Colonel Lefferts 
 to remain in command, to which, also, he appended his 
 own urgent official solicitation. The Adjutant-General re 
 sponded, after recounting these facts : " I am instructed by 
 his Excellency Governor Seymour to say, that with the 
 foregoing expression of opinions, together with his own 
 knowledge of your efficiency as a soldier, and added to 
 these the appreciation, at the present time, of valuable of 
 ficers in the State National Guard, induce him to ask you 
 to reconsider the matter, and, if possible, withdraw your 
 resignation." 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, upon these repeated solicitations, in a 
 general order conveyed to his regiment his " thanks for 
 their hearty expression of good-will, and desire that he 
 should continue to command the regiment. The labor and 
 responsibilities of the post," he added, " are made far 
 lighter, when the commandant is generously supported, and 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 365 
 
 mutual confidence is made the ground of success." And 
 to General Sprague he wrote on June 10th : 
 
 u I had tendered my resignation of the command of the Seventh Regi 
 ment only after mature consideration, and not without an effort to sep 
 arate myself from honorable and agreeable associations which have al 
 ways attended it, and not expecting the kind expressions of friendship 
 and attachment from the members of the regiment which seem to have 
 reached his Excellency the Governor to influence him in his decision. 
 
 " The desire expressed by my regiment, and the manner in which it 
 was conveyed, were well calculated to shake my resolution, when I re 
 ceived the request of the Commander-in-Chief that I should reconsider 
 my resignation. I sincerely thank his Excellency for his confidence, 
 and the honor done me by your communication of the 25th ultimo. 
 
 " I leave my resignation as Colonel commanding the Seventh Regi 
 ment in your hands, to be taken up and accepted by his Excellency the 
 Governor whenever he may see fit to do so. In the mean time I shall 
 continue in the performance of my duty." 
 
 The Maryland campaign and the riots of 1863 followed 
 close upon these events. The Colonel remained on duty 
 through the summer ; but the condition of his health made 
 it imperative, in his view, after the duties of the campaign 
 were over, to repeat positively the tender of his resignation, 
 which he did on the 1st of August, after the riots, saying, 
 in his letter : " Although the reasons for relinquishing my 
 command last March were urgent, yet I did not feel that I 
 could, with proper respect, insist upon its acceptance at 
 that time ; .... as my health is much impaired, I must add 
 this to my former reasons, and respectfully beg that my 
 resignation may now be accepted." To avoid, however, 
 directly accepting this resignation, the Governor requested 
 Colonel Lefferts " to continue the duties of his present 
 grade," as it was intended that he should be placed in com 
 mand of a brigade of infantry, to be raised in New York, 
 with the Seventh Regiment as a nucleus. Colonel Lefferts s 
 formal appointment as Brigadier-General was dated August 
 18, 1863, but the plan alluded to was, from various causes, 
 not carried into effect. 
 
366 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Meanwhile, the authorities at Albany, as has been seen, 
 granted Colonel Lefferts a two months leave of absence 
 from his regiment, for the restoration of his health. 
 
 On the 20th of October, Colonel LefTerts, upon the expi 
 ration of this furlough, again resumed command of the 
 regiment, and in his general order for that purpose 
 thanked Lieutenant-Colonel Price " for the care and fidelity 
 with which he has performed his duties, and administered 
 the affairs of the regiment during his temporary com 
 mand." The same order announced the resignation of 
 Captain and Brevet-Colonel H. C. Shumway, commanding 
 the Eighth Company, an accomplished and experienced 
 officer, whose services as far back as the Astor Place Riots, 
 and farther yet, are mentioned in the first chapter of the 
 present volume, and whose services throughout the war 
 have just been recorded. In accepting this resignation, 
 Colonel Lefferts said : " The Commandant expresses his 
 great regret at the resignation of Captain Shumway ; his 
 faithful services of thirty-Jive years have identified him with 
 all the important movements of the regiment during that 
 period of time, and it will always acknowledge his zeal and 
 ability in promoting its growth and efficiency. He retires 
 with the respect and good wishes of all the members of the 
 regiment." 
 
 Some months later, a hostile invasion of the northern 
 frontier of New York and Vermont from Canada was ex 
 pected. Colonel Lefferts promptly addressed to General 
 Dix the following offer of the services of his regiment, in 
 the threatened emergency : 
 
 NEW YORK, November 12, 1863. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL Dix, Commanding Department of (lie East. 
 
 SIR, As circumstances i^ay require a larger force of troops than 
 you have at your immediate disposal to guard the frontier of our State 
 against the threatened invasion from Canada by secession sympathizers, 
 you can, in case of need, rely upon the support of the regiment under 
 my command. They will require no official call of the President of the 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 367 
 
 United States, but stand ready to preserve inviolate their own State 
 from the attempt herein referred to, or any other of a similar character. 
 I am compelled to leave in the five-o clock train for Troy. I can return 
 at a moment s notice, and a few hours will suffice for the regiment to 
 move. Inquiry at General Telegraph Office will find me. 
 I am, General, your obedient servant, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS. 
 
 This letter General Dix acknowledged in a warm letter 
 of thanks, through Major Bolles, of his staff, who said : 
 " The General directs me to express to you his hearty 
 thanks for the offer of your regiment to guard the frontier 
 of New York. He has returned from Buffalo, and thinks 
 he will not need to avail himself of the services of that 
 regiment which has so gallantly signalized itself hereto 
 fore by its prompt patriotism and great efficiency." 
 
 In February, 1864, Major Nevers resigned. Captains 
 Emmons Clark and George T. Haws were successively 
 elected to fill the vacancy, and successively declined. On 
 the 31st of May, Captain Joseph B. Young was elected 
 Major, and accepted. 
 
 Early in February, 1864, measures were adopted by 
 Colonel Lefferts and his officers to secure the co-operation 
 of the regiment in the famous Soldiers Fair, held in New 
 York soon after. A committee was appointed, of which 
 the Colonel was made chairman, and a subscription raised, 
 whose result was highly creditable to the liberality of the 
 regiment. The following was the order announcing the 
 result : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 9. 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT, NATIONAL GUARDS, 
 
 NEW YORK, June 2, 1864. 
 
 The commandant of the regiment announces with great pleasure the 
 following report of the Treasurer, in reference to the contributions of the 
 members for the relief of the noble sick and wounded of our army : 
 
 NEW YORK, May 1, 1864. 
 
 COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Chairman of Committee on Metropoli 
 tan Fair. 
 SIR, The following amounts were received by the Treasurer, in aid 
 
368 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 of the Metropolitan Fair, for the benefit of the United States Sanitary- 
 Commission : 
 
 Field and staff $190.00 
 
 First Company 528.00 
 
 Second Company . . . . . . 1,850.00 
 
 Third Company . . . . . . . 463 00 
 
 Fourth Company . . . . . . . 570.50 
 
 Fifth Company 544.00 
 
 Sixth Company 1,816.00 
 
 Seventh Company 621.00 
 
 Eighth Company ... .... 630.00 
 
 Ninth Company . . * . . ". . 743.00 
 
 Tenth Company 573.00 
 
 Non-commissioned staff ...... 55.00 
 
 Total . . . . . . . $ 8,583.50 
 
 TREASURER S OFFICE, METROPOLITAN FAIR, 
 
 April 22, 1864. 
 
 CAPTAIN EMMONS CLARK, Treasurer of the Seventh Regiment. 
 
 SIR, The Treasurer of the Metropolitan Fair begs to acknowledge 
 the receipt of $ 8,583.50 from fhe members of the Seventh Regiment, 
 and to express the gratification with which the contribution has been 
 received from a regiment so much respected at home, and who have 
 done so much, through their officers and collectively, to vindicate the 
 honor of the flag in the field. 
 
 ELLEN R. STRONG, Treasurer. 
 
 By order of Colonel Marshall Lefferts. 
 
 WM. II. HUME, Adjutant. > 
 
 Early in June, 1864, General Lefferts, after fourteen years 
 service in the Seventh Regiment, procured the acceptance 
 of his long-tendered resignation. Originally raised from 
 his position as private in the ranks to the grade of field 
 officer, an honor without parallel in the regimental his 
 tory, he had served thirteen years successively as Major, 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel, commanding the regiment 
 through the most trying, useful, and brilliant years which 
 its annals record. Though retired from the active regiment, 
 General Lefferts was chosen the Commandant of the Vet 
 eran Corps, on a vacancy occurring in that body, which 
 position he holds at this present writing. 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 369 
 
 On the 21st of June, Captain Emmons Clark was elected 
 Colonel of the regiment. In July, Lieutenant-Colonel Price 1 
 resigned his commission ; and, on the 18th of August, Cap 
 tain George T. Haws was elected Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 
 At a meeting of the board of officers held on the 1st 
 of July, on motion of Lieutenant Ryder, a committee was 
 appointed " to procure a site for a monument to the mem 
 bers of the Seventh Regiment who have been killed, or have 
 died of disease or wounds, while in the service of the 
 United States during the great Rebellion." This committee 
 recommended that the monument should be erected in the 
 Central Park, and was accordingly directed to make appli 
 cation to the Park Commissioners for a proper site. The 
 application was not favorably received, the chief objections 
 being that a monument of the character proposed would 
 give a sepulchral appearance to the Park, and furnish a 
 precedent for similar applications from other military 
 organizations. We shall presently see what conclusions 
 were afterwards reached on this subject. 
 
 On the 2d of May, 1864, a committee had been appointed, 
 consisting of three officers and three non-commissioned offi 
 cers and privates from each company, to consider a pro 
 posed change in the uniform. During the three campaigns 
 of the regiment in 1861, 1862, and 1863, the uniforms of 
 many members had been almost worn out, and the question 
 for decision was, whether the old pattern should be followed 
 or a new one selected, more adapted for use in field or 
 camp. On the 3d of October, the board of officers voted to 
 submit to the rank and file the following questions : 
 
 " 1. Are you willing to change the uniform, if the Quartermaster-Gen 
 eral will allow to this regiment the same amount per man which is ex 
 pended in uniforming other regiments of the National Guard ? 
 
 " 2. Do you desire that the new uniform shall be gray ? 
 
 " 3. Do you desire to change the style and adopt the French Chas 
 seur ? " 
 
 24 
 
370 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 vote resulted in favor of a change, but gray was to 
 tfe retained as the distinctive color of the regimental uni 
 form . 
 
 In the autumn of 1864, the regiment performed some an 
 noying and monotonous guard duty at the armory. The 
 exciting presidential contest and the renewal of the draft 
 led the authorities to take various precautions against a 
 repetition of the riots of 1863, and the guard at the armory 
 was designed not only to protect, if required, the arms there 
 stored, but to summon absent members promptly, and be 
 ready at short notice to quell any disorder. 
 
 Besides the Fourth-of-July parade, and the October pa 
 rade and review for inspection (when the number present 
 was seven hundred and eighty-nine), the regiment paraded, 
 by order of General Sandford, on the 19th of September, 
 1864, as funeral escort to Colonel W. T. C. Grower, Seven 
 teenth New York Veteran Volunteers, killed at the battle 
 of Jonesboro , Tennessee ; and the same duty was per 
 formed on the 3d of November by the right wing, in honor 
 of Lieutenant-Colonel Higginbotham, Sixty-Fifth New York 
 Volunteers, killed at Cedar Creek on the 19th of October. 
 On the 31st of December, 1864, the regiment paraded, by 
 order of General Sandford, as escort to the remains of Hon. 
 William L. Dayton, Minister to France. 
 
 On the 22d of February, 1865, the regiment paraded (to 
 quote the language of the regimental order) " to celebrate 
 the glorious success of General Sherman and his gallant 
 army ; the restoration of our national flag to Fort Sumter ; 
 and the capture of Charleston, the cradle of the Rebellion." 
 On the 4th of March occurred the parade of the First Divis 
 ion, to celebrate the victories of the Union Army. 
 
 At a meeting of the board of officers, on the 1st of 
 April, it was resolved to celebrate the anniversary of the 
 departure of the regiment for Washington in 1861, and the 
 following order was issued : 
 
THE DRAFT RIOTS. 371 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 8. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT NATIONAL GUARD, S. N. Y., 
 NEW YORK, April 10, 1865. 
 
 To celebrate the anniversary of the departure of this regiment for 
 Washington, on the 19th day of April, 1861, to defend the national 
 capital, then in imminent danger, and in honor of the recent brilliant 
 victories of the Union armies, resulting in the suppression of the great 
 Rebellion, it is ordered that the regimental armory be illuminated on the 
 evening of the 19th of April, and that a salute of one hundred guns be 
 fired at eight o clock, p. M. 
 
 The armory, finance, and music committees, and the board of officers, 
 will act as a committee of arrangements for this celebration. 
 
 Captain Rogers and his command are detailed to fire the salute. 
 By order of Colonel Emmons Clark, 
 
 J. H. LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 Arrangements were already completed for a grand cele 
 bration, when the city and the whole country were startled 
 and horrified by the news of the assassination of Abraham 
 Lincoln, President of the United States. The following 
 order was immediately issued : 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 9. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT NATIONAL GUARD, S. N. Y., 
 
 NEW YORK, April 15, 1865. 
 
 In view of the great calamity which has befallen the nation, in the 
 death of its beloved Chief Magistrate, General Order No. 8 (for the illu 
 mination of the regimental armory, and the celebration" of the recent vic 
 tories of the Union armies) is hereby countermanded. 
 
 The armory committee will immediately drape the regimental armory 
 and the council-room of the board of officers with mourning, and the 
 committees of the several companies are directed to drape their respec 
 tive rooms with the usual emblems of mourning. 
 
 By order of Colonel Emmons Clark, 
 
 J. H; LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 Major-General Sandford, commanding the First Division, 
 honored the regiment by detailing it as especial escort and 
 guard of honor to the remains of President Lincoln upon 
 their arrival in New York, and while they remained in the 
 city. The following is the regimental order : - 
 
372 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 10. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT NATIONAL GUARD, S. N. Y., 
 April 20, 1865. 
 
 I. In compliance with division and brigade orders, this regiment will 
 parade as special escort to the remains of our late President, Abraham 
 Lincoln, on Monday, 24th instant, fully uniformed and equipped (with 
 out overcoats or knapsacks) and with the usual badge of mourning upon 
 the left arm. Roll-call of companies at half past seven o clock, A. M. 
 
 II. This regiment will also parade, fully uniformed and equipped, 
 (without overcoats or knapsacks), on Tuesday, 25th instant. Roll- 
 call of companies at half past nine o clock, A. M. 
 
 III. Companies D, B, and H, Captains Riblet, Palmer, and Smith, are 
 detailed for special duty at the City Hall. 
 
 By order of Colonel Emmons Clark, 
 
 J. H. LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 The solemn pomp of the President s funeral in New York, 
 the reception of the remains, their removal to the City Hall, 
 the guard duty there performed by the Seventh Regiment, 
 the division parade on the following day, when the Seventh 
 acted as special escort to the remains as they moved in 
 stately procession through the city to the Hudson River 
 Railroad Depot, these well-remembered incidents of that 
 terrible epoch when a nation was bowed in sincere grief are 
 sad but proud incidents in the regimental history. Colonel 
 Clark and Lieutenant-Colonel Haws were selected from the 
 regimental officers of the First Division, by Major-General 
 Dix, to act with the officers of the army and navy as im 
 mediate attendants or guards to the remains of the Presi 
 dent, while they lay in state in City Hall. 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 
 
 373 
 
 CHAPTER XIX 
 
 SINCE THE WAR. 
 
 closing the regimental 
 story which has occupied 
 the pages of this volume 
 brief space must be al 
 lotted. For, as it was 
 fitting and necessary to 
 preface that story with 
 some account of the ori 
 gin of the Seventh Regi 
 ment and its annals before 
 the war, so those who have 
 followed the narrative of 
 the three campaigns to the 
 end will naturally demand 
 a few words touching the 
 regiment s subsequent for 
 tunes and its present con 
 dition. This brief account 
 I now proceed to give, fol 
 lowing as nearly as possible the chronological order of 
 events. 
 
 The first noteworthy parade of the regiment after the war 
 was in honor of the returning Sixty-Fifth New York Volun 
 teers, whose close connection with the Seventh is expressed 
 in the following General Order : 
 
374 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 GENERAL ORDER No. 15. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS SEVENTH REGIMENT NATIONAL GUARD, S. N. Y., 
 NEW YORK, July 19, 1865. 
 
 This regiment will parade in full fatigue, gray trousers (without knap 
 sacks), on Saturday, 22d instant, to receive and escort the Sixty-Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers on its return from long and distin 
 guished service in the field. 
 
 The nation owes a debt of gratitude to its gallant defenders which it 
 can never repay, and every member of the Seventh should unite in this 
 humble tribute of welcome to the brave and patriotic soldiers of the 
 Republic. The Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United 
 States Chasseurs), was, at its organization, almost entirely officered by 
 members of the Seventh. Their brilliant career reflects honor on our 
 organization, and the names of Generals Shaler, Hamblin, Gurney, and 
 many others will live forever upon the pages of American history. Let 
 them realize, by a warm and generous reception, that they have not 
 been forgotten by their comrades, and that patriotism never fails to re 
 ceive the affection and respect of the young men of New York. 
 By order of Colonel Emmons Clark, 
 
 J. H. LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 The several companies having approved the proposed 
 changes in uniform, the hoard of officers sanctioned them in 
 July. The new uniform consisted of gray chasseur jacket 
 and trousers and fatigue-cap. Until the uniform coat, worn 
 before the war, should be resumed, it was voted, that, for 
 full uniform, epaulettes with black fringe should be worn 
 with the jackets, and a uniform hat of modern pattern, with 
 black plume. In this new uniform the regiment paraded at 
 the annual inspection of October 20, 1865 ; but the change 
 was not received with favor by the friends of the regiment or 
 by the public generally. The new uniform was pronounced 
 sombre and heavy in appearance, and the style of jacket and 
 trousers, however well adapted to active service, was not suf 
 ficiently attractive in days of peace for a regiment of the 
 National Guard. The subject of another change was con 
 stantly agitated from that time forward, until, in 1867, the 
 members voted, by a considerable majority, to resume, with 
 out important change, the uniform as worn before the war. 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 375 
 
 On the 12th of August, 1865, the following order was 
 issued, being a part of General Order No. 17 : 
 
 A committee of the board of officers has been appointed to select a 
 site for a monument to those members of this regiment who have been 
 killed, or have died from disease or wounds while in the service of their 
 country, during the great Rebellion. The Fourth Company has in 
 augurated measures for a most liberal contribution to the Seventh 
 Regiment Monumental Fund, and it is respectfully recommended that 
 all the companies .appoint committees to co-operate in securing the suc 
 cess of this most patriotic and noble object. No tribute is too great 
 and no honor undeserved to the memory of our comrades who have shed 
 their blood in the defence of free institutions, and who have bravely died 
 that the country might live. 
 
 By order of Colonel Emmons Clark, 
 
 J. H. LIEBENAU, Adjutant. 
 
 During a visit of Lieutenant-General Grant to New York 
 in November, 1865, the regiment was detailed to escort 
 him, on the 21st, from the Fifth Avenue Hotel to the foot of 
 Cortlandt Street, on his return to Washington ; but the 
 rain falling in torrents on that day, the General sent a de 
 spatch requesting that the parade might on that account be 
 omitted. The regiment had previously, in July, serenaded 
 General Grant at the Astor House, in presence of a large 
 concourse of enthusiastic spectators ; and about the same 
 time the officers had given to General Sherman and staff a 
 dinner at Delmonico s. At the annual (October) inspection 
 in Washington Square, there were present a total of eight 
 hundred and fifty-five. 
 
 The 31st of January, 1863, was made illustrious in the 
 records of the regiment by its reception, at the Academy of 
 Music, of those members who had served in the army and 
 navy of the United States during the war, the most bril 
 liant levee of this character ever given in New York. The 
 rapid resume to which perforce this chapter is limited for 
 bids any detailed description of this famous pageant, but 
 I cannot forbear quoting a few paragraphs from the ad- 
 
376 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 dress of Major- General Dix on that occasion. In intro 
 ducing General Dix, Colonel Clark said : 
 
 " To the members who have served in the army and navy of the 
 United States during the great Rebellion, the Seventh Regiment of New 
 York extends a hearty welcome. The dangers of the battle-field are 
 past ; you have exchanged the hardships of the camp, the bivouac, and 
 the march for the pleasures of your own happy homes, and now your 
 former comrades, publicly recognizing your devotion to the flag of the 
 Union, open wide the doors of hospitality. We have watched with 
 pride your brilliant career during four long years of civil war ; we have 
 sympathized with you in defeat, and rejoiced with you in victory; and 
 with peace smiling once more on our beloved land, we meet to-night to 
 honor your patriotism and pay a tribute to your bravery. I have the 
 honor of introducing to you, as the representative of the Seventh Regi 
 ment on this pleasant occasion, the distinguished statesman, soldier, and 
 patriot, Major-General John A. Dix." 
 
 In the course of his address, General Dix said : 
 
 " At the outbreak of the Rebellion, when the Sixth Massachusetts 
 Regiment was attacked at Baltimore, and the deepest concern was felt 
 for the safety of the capital, you were among the first to hurry to the 
 scene of action. A gentleman high in position at Washington gave me, 
 two or three years ago, an account of the condition of things there at 
 the time of your arrival. Open communication with the North had 
 been entirely suspended; railroad travel, and the transportation of 
 the mails through the State of Maryland, had been broken up by force ; 
 and no intelligence could be obtained from the loyal portions of the 
 Union, except through secret messengers and couriers, whose journeys 
 were always performed with difficulty, and sometimes not without abso 
 lute danger. At this juncture, when all was uncertainty and doubt, 
 when each revolving hour came freighted with some new burden of 
 
 3 . & 
 
 anxiety or peril, a column of armed men, with bayonets glittering in the 
 sunlight, was seen entering the Pennsylvania Avenue, near the capitol ; 
 and the feeling of relief and security was unspeakable when the welcome 
 intelligence spread throughout the city, as if by some magnetic influence, 
 that the Seventh New York had come to oppose to the gathering co 
 horts of treason the asgis of its discipline and its name. 
 
 "Tn the early spring of 1862, when the Army of the Potomac was 
 lying before Richmond, when Washington and Baltimore and the ad 
 jacent country were almost denuded of troops, and there were well- 
 grounded apprehensions of a Rebel raid from the Valley of the Slienan- 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 377 
 
 doah, you volunteered your services a second time. I was in command 
 at Baltimore when you arrived there with your gallant companions, the 
 Twenty-Second, the Thirty- Seventh, the Sixty-Ninth, the Seventy-First, 
 and, I believe, some other New York regiments, whose numbers I cannot 
 at this moment recollect. You were detained at Baltimore by the gov 
 ernment, at my special request, and during a large portion of this term 
 of your service you occupied the post of honor, Federal Hill, that re 
 markable promontory rising up in the heart of the city, and seeming to 
 be placed there by Nature as a site for a citadel. When you occupied 
 it, it was crowned by a fort, as you see it before you (pointing to a 
 painting representing it), built in the summer of 1861 to protect the 
 city from external attack, and, if need be, to defend the city against 
 itself. Happily, the unshaken loyalty of the Baltimoreans, through all 
 trials and temptations, rendered the latter service unnecessary. In the 
 summer of 1863, when General Lee invaded the State of Maryland with 
 a powerful army, you volunteered your services a third time, and were 
 assigned by the government to the defence of the city of Baltimore, on 
 which an attack was considered imminent. During a portion of this 
 third term of service you were again in the occupation of Fort Federal 
 Hill, and during the residue on duty in the interior of Maryland, re 
 maining in the field until after General Lee had retreated beyond the 
 Potomac. You were then suddenly recalled here to assist in quelling 
 the riot, and your reappearance had a powerful influence in restoring 
 order and saving the city from further depredation. 
 
 "In the summer of 1864, when Rebel raiders from Canada were 
 plundering our frontier, you tendered your services to me as com 
 manding officer of this department; and they would have been accepted, 
 had not some new regiments, which had never been in the field, claimed 
 the privilege of serving the country. Most fortunate and enviable is the 
 comm.unity.in which the emulation of its citizens is, not to evade military 
 duty, but to be received into the public service and to be assigned to 
 posts of danger. Giving you all the praise which is most eminently 
 your due for your promptitude, your patriotic spirit, and your alacrity 
 on all occasions in accepting and courting military service, yet the 
 crowning distinction of your regiment is in the large number of officers 
 which you have furnished for other organizations. 
 
 " I hold in my hand a roll of five hundred and fifty-seven members of 
 your regiment who received commissions in the army, the navy, or the 
 volunteer service. Nine tenths of the number were serving with the 
 regiment when the war broke out. Three rose to the rank of major- 
 general, nineteen to the rank of brigadier-general, twenty-nine to the 
 rank of colonel, and forty-six to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. Many 
 
378 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 whose names are on this roll of honor are sleeping in soldiers graves. 
 Others are moving about with mutilated limbs and with frames scarred 
 by honorable wounds, the silent but expressive memorials of faithful and 
 heroic service. For years before the war you devoted yourselves with 
 an assiduity and a zeal worthy of all commendation to martial exercises, 
 and I believe I may safely say that there was scarcely a man in your 
 ranks who was not capable of leading other men, of commanding a 
 platoon, a company, a battalion, or a regiment. And the gratifying re 
 sult is, that under nearly every battle-flag which the State of New York 
 unfurled you had an honored representative. The historian Justin, in 
 his account of the preparations of Alexander the Great for his Asiatic 
 expedition, says that some of the corps he organized were so well dis 
 ciplined that one would have considered them not so much soldiers as 
 the chosen leaders of soldiers. Non tarn milites quam magistros militias 
 electos putares. You have fairly earned the same praise, and are justly 
 entitled to the honorable appellation of mililice magistri, the leaders of 
 soldiers." 
 
 The net receipts of this reception were about $ 4,000, 
 a sum appropriated, by vote of the board of officers, to the 
 fund for the erection of a monument to the fallen heroes. 
 
 I must pass, with brief mention, the brigade field-day of 
 June 13th ; the annual parade of July 4th ; the divisional 
 parade of August 29th to receive President Johnson ; the 
 parade and drill of September 5th (with a review by Mayor 
 Hoffman) at Tompkins Square, in honor of the completion, 
 by the Street Department, of that new city parade-ground, 
 set apart by act of the Legislature ; the annual October in 
 spection, at which seven hundred and eight were present ; 
 and the Evacuation-day parade. 
 
 In June the American citizens resident in Paris gave the 
 regiment an invitation to visit that city during the Exposi 
 tion of 1867. The proposed trip was for several months a 
 topic of conversation and discussion among the active and 
 exempt members, and attracted much attention in business 
 and commercial circles. The subject was referred to a 
 committee consisting of Captains George William Smith, 
 Peter Palmer, and William H. Kipp ; and these officers, 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 379 
 
 after giving the subject a thorough and careful considera 
 tion, presented their views to the regiment, and the ques 
 tion was submitted to a vote of the members. 
 
 The vote of the members having been duly canvassed, 
 the board of officers determined to decline the invitation. 
 Although a very large number of the members were willing 
 to incur the necessary expenditure of time and money, it 
 was decided that the future welfare of the regiment might 
 be endangered by so great a tax upon it. The decision of 
 the regiment was received in Paris with many expressions 
 of regret, and efforts were made to secure a further consid 
 eration of the subject. Arrangements had been substan 
 tially perfected for the reception and entertainment of the 
 regiment, and there was every probability that the visit of 
 the Seventh Regiment to France and England would have 
 been the occasion of an interchange of memorable national 
 courtesies. The following was the official correspondence 
 between General Dix and Colonel Clark : 
 
 PARIS, January 25, 1867. 
 
 COLONEL EMMONS CLARK, Seventh Regiment New York National Guard. 
 SIR, I have received a letter from the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 
 inquiring whether k a delegation from the militia of New York " was to 
 be here during the Exposition. The Minister stated that the Emperor 
 had received from Colonel Norton the intelligence that such a delegation 
 would be sent, and thereupon orders were given to prepare for their re 
 ception. I answered that I had no official information on the subject ; 
 that I did not think the militia of New York had ever taken action with 
 a view to send a delegation here ; that a number of American gentle 
 men had proposed to the Seventh Regiment New York National Guard, 
 a corps which had been greatly distinguished for many years, to visit 
 Paris during the Exposition, but that I did not think the proposition had 
 yet been favorably responded to by the regiment, and added that I 
 would write and ascertain what probability there was that the proposi 
 tion would be accepted ; and I concluded by saying that in any event 
 the militia of New York would be greatly honored by the Emperor s 
 order, and by the attention given to the matter by his ministers. .... 
 I am very respectfully yours, 
 
 JOHN A. Dix. 
 
380 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 NEW YORK, February 20, 1867. 
 GENERAL JOHN A. Dix, Minister Plenipotentiary, Paris. 
 
 SIR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communi 
 cation of the 25th ultimo, and would respectfully reply : That during the 
 summer of 1866 an invitation, signed by a large number of American 
 citizens resident in Paris, was received by this regiment to visit that 
 city during the Great Exposition in 1867; that upon due consideration 
 of the subject the regiment decided for various reasons to decline the 
 invitation, and such decision was communicated to Rev. Mr. Burlingame 
 and others, under date of November 26, 1866; that the regiment has 
 given the matter no further consideration ; and that there is no probabil 
 ity or possibility that it will, under any circumstances whatsoever, visit 
 Paris during the present year. 
 
 For the interest which Colonel Norton and many other distinguished 
 American citizens resident in Paris have taken in this subject, and for 
 their flattering assurances that a visit to Paris by this regiment would 
 not be prejudicial to the good name of our country in Europe, I desire, 
 in behalf of my command, to express the most grateful acknowledgments. 
 To the Minister of Foreign Affairs, who has inquired of you as to the 
 probability of a visit of this regiment to Paris in 1867, and has informed 
 you of the orders of the Emperor to prepare for its reception, you will 
 be so kind as to express our high appreciation of the distinguished 
 honor. 
 
 I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 EMMONS CLARK, 
 
 Colonel Commanding Seventh Regiment National Guard, S. JV. Y. 
 
 Complimentary resolutions were adopted by the regiment, 
 thanking Colonel Norton, American Commissioner in Paris, 
 for the services just alluded to. 
 
 Early in 1867, the Central Park Commissioners adopted 
 the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, That the Comptroller of the Park be authorized to set 
 apart the site hereafter mentioned, upon which the Seventh Regiment 
 Monumental Association may erect a monumental structure, provided 
 that neither such structure, nor any of its appendages, be of a sepulchral 
 character, and that the design and plan of said structure shall be sub 
 mitted to and approved by this board before any site be set apart ; and 
 provided, that, before any site be set apart, the Association shall give 
 satisfactory evidence to the board of its pecuniary ability to complete 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 381 
 
 the structure, according to such design and plan as shall be approved 
 by the board ; and provided, further, that said structure, when erected, 
 shall be subject to the regulations made or to be hereafter established 
 by the board, for the care and preservation of monuments, statuary, and 
 such other structures within the Park. The site for said structure shall 
 be either at a point just south of the Warriors Gate, or such other point 
 as may be approved by the board, upon the report and recommendation 
 of the committee." 
 
 This offer was accepted by the Seventh Regiment Monu 
 mental Association on the 9th of March, and the compa 
 nies were called on to pledge sums sufficient to guarantee 
 the success of the enterprise. In response, each company 
 pledged $ 2,500, a total of 125,000 for the regiment. 
 The design and execution of the monument were intrusted 
 to the distinguished sculptor, J. Q. A. Ward. His work 
 consists of a bronze statue, ten feet high, representing a 
 private soldier of the Seventh Regiment, as he marched to 
 the defence of the Union. A representation of this statue, 
 from the pencil of Nast, will be found at the head of the 
 " Roll of Honor " in the present volume. The cost of the 
 figure was $ 23,000. Designs were also procured for the 
 base of the monument, and the total cost is estimated at 
 160,000. 
 
 In April, Major Young resigned his commission, and on 
 the 28th of May, Captain C. H. Meday was chosen to fill 
 the vacancy. Early in the year, a new drum corps, thirty 
 strong, was organized, which has been maintained with 
 success to the present time. The usual parades occurred 
 during the year. At the inspection in October, the number 
 present was six hundred and eighty-two. 
 
 Mention has been made of the restoration of the old uni 
 form, after the experiment with the chasseur style. The 
 first parade in it (with a band of one hundred pieces) oc 
 curred May 28, 1868, and attracted great attention. The 
 regiment was reviewed by Mayor Hoffman at City Hall, 
 
382 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 and by Mr. Burlingame and the Chinese Ambassadors at 
 Union Square. A circular and order issued by Colonel 
 Clark in October, 1867, had fully explained why these 
 changes were made. The uniform was now the old style 
 dress uniform and white belt, the old style fatigue with 
 black belt, the old regimental button, with white pompon 
 and epaulettes. 
 
 In July, 1868, the regiment had a very pleasant excur 
 sion to Norwich, Conn., which is too fresh in remembrance 
 to require description in this place. The usual animal 
 parades took place. The number present at the October 
 inspection was six hundred and seventy-eight. 
 
 On the 19th of April, 1869, the regiment celebrated the 
 eighth anniversary of that memorable " march to the war " 
 which forms the proudest chapter in its history. A splendid 
 floral display was made at the armory, and a stand of colors 
 was presented to the regiment by Mayor Hall, in behalf of 
 the city. Mayor Hall said : 
 
 " COLONEL EMMONS CLARK, AND GENTLEMEN OP THIS VETERAN 
 REGIMENT, The mutual relations existing between you and the cor 
 porate authorities, as well as those between you and the nation, are 
 comprehended by the occurrence that collects so brilliant an assemblage 
 in this armory, which is at once your social club-room and your school 
 of discipline. Eight years ago to-night you began your first march to the 
 national capital in defence of the Union and Constitution, and across 
 the very threshold of those gates of civil war which mad Rebellion then 
 swung open. That occasion and its memories are still so vivid to us all, 
 that this mere reference carries to every heart eulogy and honor. Many 
 times afterward you aided in protecting the national capital ; like as 
 for half a century, parts, at least, of your present organization have pro 
 tected this great metropolis during times of impulsive, riotous rebellion. 
 And your fame has become national ! Your relations toward the cor 
 porate authorities, whom I have the honor to-night to represent, have also 
 been distinguished and are distinguishing. City records narrate many 
 gifts of colors to your military organization or some of its component 
 parts. Names as honored as those of DeWitt Clinton and Philip Hone 
 have associated themselves with presentation of colors that you now 
 own, as gifts from a grateful city. It may be your proud boast that like 
 
SINCE THE WAR. 383 
 
 as the sturdy oak which breasts all storms can count its age by annular 
 rings, so you can estimate your honorable years by the many stands of 
 colors which you have during the past half-century received. To this 
 metropolis its volunteer standing army is a necessity of security. Even 
 its silent presence is ever a potent weapon in the hands of law and 
 order, and a perpetual menace to the tumultuously disposed. In now 
 presenting these colors, the corporate authorities do, therefore, simply 
 but worthily symbol popular regard for representatives of that standing 
 army. It is their municipal boast and pride to give you always the best 
 quarters and the best civic welcome in return for your volunteer ser 
 vices. Less onerous is even large taxation for promoting the security 
 that you and kindred organizations sacrificingly present to the city, than 
 taxation sometimes imposed through the destructive voice of tumult. 
 The corporate authorities trust soon to add to this gift of flags the gift 
 of a site for a larger and more central armory. Receive, then, sir, this 
 stand of colors, representing those of State, city, and regiment. JSTor 
 State nor city shall ever tremble for their safety or honor while in this 
 regimental keeping." 
 
 Iii reply to Mayor Hall, Colonel Clark said : 
 
 " To possess the respect and confidence of the constituted authorities, 
 and to secure the favor and approbation of the public, are objects worthy 
 the ambition of citizen soldiers. But objects so desirable are not won in 
 a day, or without earnest, arduous labor. To this end, excellence in 
 drill and discipline are absolutely indispensable, as well as the utmost 
 promptness in responding to the calls of the proper authority whenever 
 the peace of the city or the property of its citizens are in danger, or 
 when foes, foreign or domestic, threaten the safety of the State or the 
 nation. Nor is this all that is necessary to the permanent popularity 
 and prosperity of a military organization. It must confine itself strictly 
 to its legitimate military duties ; it must aDstain from all active interest 
 in those affairs upon which good citizens differ, and it must impartially 
 support the chief magistrates of the city and State, of whatsoever party 
 or creed, in the enforcements of laws duly enacted, and in the preser 
 vation of the public peace. Last, but not least, its members must pos 
 sess, and on all occasions exhibit, the attributes of the gentleman asiwell 
 as the soldier. That the efforts of the officers and members of the 
 Seventh Regiment, during the last half-century, to establish and main 
 tain a military organization of this character have not been altogether 
 in vain, must be inferred from your complimentary allusions to its past 
 services, and to the place it now holds in the hearts of the people and 
 in the estimation of the city authorities. This elegant stand of colors, 
 
384 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 the gift of the city of New York, which, as its honored chief magistrate, 
 you have this night presented to the Seventh Regiment, is received by 
 its officers and members with hearts overflowing with gratitude. To 
 merit this munificent testimonial of public approbation shall be our 
 earnest effort. In the future as in the past, may this regiment be found 
 ever ready to defend the honor of our beloved city, and to protect the 
 happy homes of its people." 
 
 An effort was made, during the legislative session of 1869, 
 to secure a new site for a regimental armory in a more 
 central location ; but the bill for that purpose, after passing 
 the Senate, failed by a small majority in the Assembly. 
 
 In July the regiment made a delightful visit to Troy, 
 Albany, and Saratoga, and were received everywhere with 
 hearty welcome both by the State authorities and private 
 citizens. At the inspection in October there were present 
 seven hundred and eighteen. 
 
 With this brief summary of the leading events in the 
 regimental records since the war, we now turn to the list 
 of members who served in the army or navy of the United 
 States during the war, a list fitly denominated the " Roll 
 of Honor." 
 
FIRST COMPANY (A). 
 
 1. Captain CHARLES G. BACON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, January 1, 1862, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Thirty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers, being transferred from 
 the Potomac Light Infantry of Georgetown, D. C. ; was promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant and Adjutant, April 1, 18G2; was stationed, in April, 1862, at 
 Harper s Ferry, with his regiment, and there appointed A. A. A. G., First 
 Provisional Brigade ; was captured and paroled with the garrison, September 
 15, 1862 ; was mentioned in brigade report for good conduct on the 14th Sep 
 tember, 1862 ; at Annapolis was appointed A. A. D. C., on the staff of Briga 
 dier-General Tyler, September 22, 1862 ; promoted to be Captain (Thirty-Ninth 
 New York Volunteers), October 8, 1862, and served with his regiment till June, 
 1863, when he was authorized to raise the Thirty-Sixth New York Light Bat 
 tery ; in October, 1863, was made Adjutant of the Thirteenth New York Heavy 
 Artillery; served with regiment till November 20, 1864, when he was ap 
 pointed Acting Ordnance Officer for District East Virginia, on staff of Briga 
 dier-General G. F. Shepley, and so continued till April, 1865. 
 
 2. Captain ROBERT BAILEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in the Sixth Regiment 
 New York Volunteers ; served with his regiment at Fort Pic-kens, and subse 
 quently in Louisiana; was promoted to be Captain, Sixth New York Volun 
 teers ; was mustered out with his regiment. 
 25 
 
386 HISTOKY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 3. Captain AUGUSTUS BELKNAP, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in the Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers (First Long Island Regiment) ; promoted to be 
 Captain ; was wounded, and honorably discharged for disability resulting from 
 wounds received in the service. 
 
 4. Midshipman CHARLES BELKNAP. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Midshipman in the United States 
 Navy ; served throughout the war, and is still in the naval service. 
 
 - 5. Ensign CHARLES WOLCOTT CHAUNCEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 15, 1861, on board the United 
 States steamer Susquehannah, Captain John S. Chauncey, United States 
 Navy, as captain s clerk ; promoted, July 1, 1861, to be aid to the command 
 ing officer; served on the coast of North Carolina, on blockade duty, and 
 took part in the naval battles at Forts Hatteras and Clark, August 29 and 
 30, 1861 ; was recommended for gallant conduct in action in official report 
 to the Commander-in-Chief ; was detached from the Susquehannah in Oc 
 tober by reason of change of command. 
 
 6. Captain W. H. COOPER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant of the Regiment, 
 
 New York Volunteers ; promoted to be Captain in same regiment ; served in 
 the Army of the Potomac in Virginia, and was mustered out with regiment. 
 Died of disease contracted in the service. 
 
 7. Lieutenant G. F. COOKE. 
 
 8. Captain W. H. CORSA. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in one of the " Metro 
 politan " regiments, New York Volunteers ; served in Louisiana ; was pro 
 moted to be Captain, and was mustered out with regiment at expiration of term 
 
 of service. 
 
 9. Surgeon J. C. DALTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Surgeon, upon staff of Brigadier-Gen 
 eral E. L. Viele, commanding a brigade at Hilton Head, South Carolina, and 
 served in the Army of the South until honorably discharged. 
 
 10. Captain B. F. DAVIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant Regiment, New 
 
 York Volunteers ; served in Louisiana, and took part in the various battles of 
 the Red River campaign ; was appointed Provost-Marshal under General 
 Banks in this campaign ; promoted to be Captain. 
 
 11. Lieutenant-Colonel W. J. DENSLOW, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in the Sixth New 
 York Volunteers ; served at Fort Pickens and in Louisiana ; promoted to bo 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 387 
 
 Captain, and served on the staff of Brigadier-General Dwight at Baton Eouge ; 
 was promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel of Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. 
 
 12. Lieutenant A. D ORVILLE. 
 
 13. Captain H. C. ELLIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Sergeant-Major of the Sixty-Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers ; served with the Army of the Potomac 
 throughout the war, and took part with it in many important battles ; was 
 promoted to be Captain. 
 
 14. Lieutenant R. D. EVANS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Fourth Regi 
 ment, Excelsior Brigade, or Second Regiment of Fire Zouaves, New York 
 Volunteers ; served in the Army of the Potomac ; was wounded, and honor 
 ably discharged for disability resulting from wounds received in the service. 
 
 15. Captain JAMES FAIRGRIEVE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant of First New York 
 
 Mounted Rifles ; was promoted to be Captain ; served in Virginia. 
 
 16. Sergeant-Major GEORGE W. FREELAND. 
 
 17. Brigadier-General 0. H. HART. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in one of the regiments 
 of General Sickles s (Excelsior) brigade, New York Volunteers; promoted to 
 be Assistant Adjutant-General of the brigade ; served with distinction in the 
 Army of the Potomac, and in the armies of the West ; promoted to be Colo 
 nel and Brevet Brigadier-General. 
 
 18. Captain C. E. HUBERER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Sixth Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers ; served at Fort Pickens and in Louisiana, and was mustered 
 out with his regiment in 1863. 
 
 19. Lieutenant T. S. KIRKLAND. 
 
 20. Captain GEORGE LE FORT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June, 1861, as Adjutant of the Fourth 
 Regiment, Excelsior Brigade (Second Fii-e Zouaves), New York Volunteers. 
 Served in the Army of the Potomac, Hooker s division, and was made aide- 
 de-camp to General Sickles, and subsequently Captain of his company (D) ; 
 was engaged in all the various battles of the Peninsula, with his brigade and 
 division ; in the battles under Pope, at Fredcricksburg, at Chancellorsville, and 
 at Gettysburg, acting at the latter as Inspector-General on the staff of Colonel 
 W. R. Brewster, commanding the Second Brigade, Second Division, Third 
 Army Corps. At Gettysburg he was severely wounded, but he sufficiently 
 recovered to take part in the affair at Wapping Heights, where his conspicuous 
 
388 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 gallantry, shown on every field before, caused him- to be honorably mentioned 
 in official reports. He was engaged again in the Wilderness, and at Spottsyl- 
 vania, and was killed May 20, 1864. His zeal, fidelity, and energy as a dis 
 ciplinarian won him the highest praises of his superior officers. He was a 
 participant in nearly forty larger or lesser engagements during his three years 
 of active service. He was repeatedly offered promotion in other regiments, 
 but preferred remaining simple Captain in the Fourth Excelsior. His patriot 
 ism was of the purest type, and he deserves a high place among his country s 
 martyrs. 
 
 21. Adjutant C. H. LYONS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Regiment, 
 
 New York Volunteers. Was made Adjutant in the Regiment of New 
 
 York Cavalry. Was wounded, and honorably discharged for disability, re 
 sulting from wounds received in the service. 
 
 22. Major FREDERICK J. MEARS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as Lieutenant in the In 
 fantry (Regular Army). Was detailed to instruct volunteer officers at Arsenal, 
 Washington. Appointed in 1861 Lieutenant-Colonel of Colonel Berdan s 
 regiment of sharpshooters. Joined his own regiment in Oregon. Promoted 
 to be Captain, and subsequently to be Major. 
 
 Is now on duty with his regiment. 
 
 23. Captain F. E. MC!LVAINE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Nineteenth Infantry 
 (Regular Army). 
 
 24. Captain A. B. McGowAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in the Regular Army, and was stationed 
 on the Pacific Coast. Is still in the regular service. 
 
 25. Sergeant-Major J. MORROW. 
 
 26. Lieutenant W. A. NICHOLS. 
 
 27. Lieutenant R. H. PLASS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Regiment of 
 
 New York Cavalry. 
 
 28. Lieutenant C. L. REYNOLDS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Fourth Regiment, 
 Excelsior Brigade (Second Fire Zouaves), New York Volunteers. 
 
 29. Captain GEORGE W. RING. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Regiment of Mi 
 chigan Volunteers. 
 
 30. Captain THEODORE RUSSELL. 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Regiment of New 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 389 
 
 York Volunteers, Colonel Cone commanding. Served in the Army of the Po 
 tomac, in its advance up the Peninsula, and was killed in battle at Fair 
 Oaks, June, 1862. 
 
 31. Lieutenant J. W. SIBELL. 
 
 32. Major F. D. SLOCOMB. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant of the Forty-Third 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be Captain in Ull- 
 man s Corps d Afrique, and served in Louisiana. Was promoted to be Major. 
 
 33. Lieutenant BENEKE C. STOUT. 
 
 34. Lieutenant-Colonel CHABLES N. SWIFT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 18, 1862, as Private in Company 
 F, Fifth New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves). Was transferred, May 
 5, 1863, to Company C, One Hundred and Forty-Sixth New York Volunteers, 
 at the battle of Chancellorsville. Was commissioned Captain, February 25, 
 1864 (after passing as Captain of first class, at an examination by General 
 Casey s Board), of Company A, Thirtieth Regiment United States Cavalry 
 Troops. Was brevetted Major, March 13, 1865, Lieutenant-Colonel March 13, 
 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war/ 
 
 Served in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina, in the Fifth, Eighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, Twenty-Third, and Twenty-Fifth Corps. Was engaged in 
 the battles of second Bull Run, Wilderness, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chan 
 cellorsville, Gettysburg, Germania Ford, Spottsylvania, Old Church, Peters 
 burg, and Cox s Landing. Was in all of the campaigns of the Army of the 
 Potomac, from the second Bull Run to the mine explosion, except during 
 the interval after Gettysburg, till Grant took command. Was with Sherman 
 in the march from Wilmington to Raleigh. 
 
 He was taken prisoner at Chancellorsville, and escaped by eluding the 
 guard, and swimming the Potomac. Being detailed to recruit colored troops 
 in Virginia and Maryland, he enlisted, unaided and alone, five hundred men 
 in three months. He superintended the laying of a part of the abattis in 
 front of the Ninth Corps at Petersburg, under a galling fire, in which he lost 
 thirty men. He was brought down by typhoid fever, in front of Petersburg, 
 June 10, 1864, and rejoined his regiment in the spring of 1865. He had charge 
 of a convalescent camp at Wilmington, N. C., numbering two thousand five 
 hundred men. He had not attained the age of twenty-one when discharged, 
 in the spring of 1865. 
 
 35. Lieutenant CHARLES J. THERIOTT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 16, 1861, at, San Francisco, as 
 Commissary-Sergeant, First California Volunteers. Was promoted, June 4, 
 1862, to be Second Lieutenant, and June 1, 1864, to be First Lieutenant. 
 Served in Arizona, New Mexico, under Generals Carleton and West, and in 
 Missouri. AJso held positions of A. A. Q. M., A. A. C. S., A. A. D. C. 
 
390 HISTOEY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Was engaged in skirmishes with the Apache and Navajo Indians. Resigned 
 November, 1864. Was recommended by General Carleton as Captain and 
 Commissary-Sergeant in the army. 
 
 36. Lieutenant E. C. TIFFANY. 
 
 37. Surgeon EUSTACE TRENOR. 
 Entered the United States service as Surgeon in the navy. 
 
 38. Surgeon JOHN TRENOR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Surgeon in the Regiment of New 
 
 York Cavalry. Served in the Department of the South and South Carolina. 
 Died of disease contracted in the service while in the line of duty. 
 
 39. Captain J. J. TRENOR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in the Regiment 
 
 of New York Volunteers, Colonel Cone commanding. Served in the Army of 
 the Potomac, in front of Yorktown, and on the march up the Peninsula, in 
 1862. Was promoted to be Captain. Was killed in front of his company 
 while leading it into action, at Fair Oaks, 1862. 
 
 40. Lieutenant S. C. THWAITE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as- Lieutenant in the Sixty-Second Regi 
 ment of New York Volunteers (Anderson Zouaves). Was promoted to be 
 Adjutant of the regiment. Served with his regiment in the Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 41. Lieutenant A. B. VILLEPLAITE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as a Lieutenant in one of the regiments 
 of Corcoran s Legion, New York Volunteers. Served in Virginia with his 
 regiment. 
 
 42. Lieutenant M. P. WHITLOCK. 
 
 Entered the United States service as in the navy. 
 
 43. Lieutenant W. P. WHEELER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Regiment of 
 
 New Jersey Volunteers. 
 
 SECOND COMPANY (B). 
 1. Captain HENRY H. AJ.DEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Second Lieutenant in the Forty-Second 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (Tammany Regiment). Was promoted to 
 be First Lieutenant; and to be Captain, June, 1861. His company was among 
 the first to cross the Potomac at Ball s Bluff, Va. ; and he was killed at the 
 battle at that place, October 16, 1861, while gallantly leading his command. 
 He was buried upon the field, but his remains were recovered under a flag of 
 truce, and his funeral was attended in New York at the armory of the Seventh 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 391 
 
 Regiment, the Second Company escorting the remains till their departure for 
 the home of his family in Massachusetts. 
 
 2. Colonel WILLIAM H. ALLEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Colonel of the ".First Regiment, New York 
 Volunteers, May 8, 1861. Served at Fortress Monroe under General Butler, 
 and was at the battle of Big Bethel. Was cashiered and dismissed from the 
 service September 10, 1861, the principal charge against him being the burning, 
 without orders, of a field of wheat owned by Major Thompson of the Rebel Army. 
 In June, 1862, was authorized, by a special order of President Lincoln, to raise a 
 regiment, the One Hundi-ed and Forty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers, 
 which was mustered into the United States service on the 1 1th September, 1862. 
 Commanded this regiment in the Army of the Potomac until November, 1862. 
 While at Washington, by order of the Secretary of War, to revise pay-rolls, a 
 new Colonel was commissioned by Governor Morgan and detailed to the com 
 mand of the One Hundred and Forty-Fifth Regiment. Served as Aid to 
 General Wool during the riots in New York in 1863. 
 
 3. Captain RICHARD ALLISON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 30, 1862, as Captain of Com- 
 panv I, One Hundred and Twenty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 Served at Washington, under Heintzelman, from September 12, 1862, to April 
 18, 1863 ; at Suffolk (Va.), under Peck, from April 18 to May 5, 1863, during 
 the siege of Suffolk; in Southeastern Virginia, under Dix and Keyes, to July 
 10th; in the Eleventh Corps, until August 7th; in the Department of the 
 South, under Gillmore and Foster, from August 13, 1863, to July 1, 1865. 
 Was present at a skirmish at Diascund Bridge (June 11, 1863) ; a severe skir 
 mish at Baltimore Cross-Roads (June 30, 1863) ; at the attack on Forts John 
 son and Simpkins, by small boats (July 2, 1864); and in many raids and 
 reconnoissanc.es around Charleston Harbor. Was in command of the " Boat 
 Infantry " at Morris Island, composed of Companies D, E, I, and K, of his 
 regiment, his duty being to patrol and picket the water between Morris and 
 James Islands and Charleston Harbor. August 2, 1864, he commanded the 
 reconnoissance which made a complete circuit of Fort Sumter, with three small 
 row-boats. Though often attempted, this is the only time the feat was ever 
 accomplished. General Foster, in an official letter, forwarded to Captain 
 Allison by the district commander, General Schimmelpfening, thanked " the 
 officers and men who made this reconnoissance of Fort Sumter," and expressed 
 himself as " much pleased with their energy in the enterprise." 
 
 September 7, 1864, was detailed as A. A. Inspector-General of the depart 
 ment. Took part in the movement from Beaufort against the Savannah and 
 Charleston Railroad, in November, in co-operation with Sherman s march 
 through Georgia. Was engaged severely at Grahamsville (November 30th), 
 Devaux Neck (December 6th), and frequently again (7th, 9th, and 29th De 
 cember) during the movement, his regiment losing very heavily. Was Provost- 
 
392 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Marshal of the city of Charleston from Mai ch 28, 1865, to July 1, 1865, when 
 he was mustered out of service with his regiment. 
 
 4. Major CHARLES APPLEBY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, March, 1863, as First Lieutenant in Ull- 
 man s brigade (colored troops). Was promoted, January, 1864, to be Captain 
 in the Eightieth United States Colored Troops. While Lieutenant, he took 
 command of one hundred men from the brigade, on an expedition to Jackson, 
 La., and had a skirmish with Logan s command. Took an active part, with 
 his regiment, in the siege and capture of Port Hudson, June, 1863. Was 
 engaged in picket and provost duty in Louisiana and Texas through 1863, 
 1864, and 1865. Was detailed as Judge Advocate by General Andrews at Port 
 Hudson, March 16, 1864. At Marshall (Texas) he was Provost-Marshal. 
 
 He was wounded in the arm, in the skirmish near Jackson. He was bre- 
 vetted Major, May 21, 1866, and still remains in the United States service. 
 
 5. Hospital Steward EVERT S. BEDFORD. 
 
 Entered the United States service in July, 1861, as Hospital Steward of the 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). 
 Served in the regiment with the Army of the Potomac through the Peninsular 
 campaign, and afterwards in Northern Virginia and Maryland. Was dis 
 charged for disability in 1863. 
 
 6. Captain EDWARD BERNARD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 4, 1861, as First Lieutenant in the 
 Eleventh New York Volunteers (Ellsworth s Zouaves), and took part in the 
 battle of Bull Run, July, 1861. October 1, 1861, resigned to be commissioned 
 as Captain in the Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States 
 Chasseurs). Took part, with his regiment, in the siege of Yorktown, and the 
 battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, and the Seven Days Bat 
 tles. In the last of these, Malvern Hill, he was wounded, late in the after 
 noon of July 1, 1862, by a gunshot wound in the left leg, the bullet passing 
 through the leg half an inch below the knee-joint and taking out both bones. 
 Being permanently disabled, he resigned, December, 1862, and the resignation 
 was accepted in March, 1863. Was mentioned in official orders. 
 
 7. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE A. BERNARD. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as First Lieutenant of the 
 Sixty-Fifth New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). Was promoted 
 to be Captain, December, 1861. Was appointed Aide-de-Camp upon the staff 
 of General H. D. Terry, commanding the Third Division, Sixth Corps, and 
 was afterwards transferred to the staff of General D. A. Russell, remaining 
 with that officer till his death at Winchester. Was retained on the stuff by 
 General Frank Wheaton, who took command of the division after Russell s 
 death, and so remained till the end of the war. 
 
 He was engaged in the various battles of the Peninsular campaign, at the 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 393 
 
 second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg under Burnside and Fredericks- 
 burg under Hooker, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, 
 the battles before Petersburg, and nearly all the battles of the Army of the 
 Potomac. He was with the Sixth Corps in the Valley under Sheridan, in all 
 its battles there. He was present at the capture of General Lee, and, with his 
 corps, was stationed at Danville until July, 1865. Was mustered out with 
 his regiment, August 18, 1865. 
 
 He was brevetted Major, June 10, 1864, for gallant and meritorious conduct 
 at Cold Harbor. April 2, 1865, he was brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel upon 
 the recommendation of General Frank Wheaton. 
 
 8. Captain J. F. BISBEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 31, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Com 
 pany B, Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers (Anderson Zouaves). 
 Was promoted to be Captain, July 31, 1862. Took part in the battles at 
 Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Turkey 
 Bend, second Bull Run, Antietam, and first Fredericksburg; and in skir 
 mishes at Warwick Court-House, Bottom s Bridge, Golding Farm, and Wil- 
 liamsport. In all these engagements he had command of his company. Re 
 signed, March 27, 1868, from disease contracted in the service. 
 
 9. Lieutenant RICHARD R. BROWNER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in April, 1861, as First Sergeant in Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves). Commissioned Second 
 Lieutenant in May, 1861, and First Lieutenant, August 16, 1861, and ap 
 pointed Adjutant in January, 1862. Served at Fortress Monroe, Fort Federal 
 Hill, and in the Peninsular campaign. Resigned in June, 1862. 
 
 10. Brigadier-General WILLIAM HENRY BROWNE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 24, 1861, as Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Thirty-First New York Volunteers. Was promoted July 6th to be Colonel of 
 the Thirty-Sixth New York Volunteers. Brevetted Brigadier-General, as of 
 March 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious services during the war." Com 
 manded his regiment at Blackburn Ford and Bull Run, at West Point, Gold- 
 ing s Farm, and through all the Seven Days battles. At Antietam he com 
 manded a mixed brigade at the fords. At Fredericksburg and at Marye s 
 Heights he commanded a brigade, composed of the Seventh, Tenth, and 
 Thirty-Seventh Massachusetts, Thirty-Sixth New York, and Second Rhode 
 Island. At Salem Heights, May 3, 1863, he was shot through the left knee 
 by a minie bullet, which shattered the thigh-bone, and was carried from the 
 field. General Sedgwick especially mentions him in his official report of this 
 battle as among those whose " skill and gallantry displayed in the manage 
 ment of their respective brigades deserves the special notice of the commanding 
 general." Before he had recovered from his wound his regiment had, July 
 15, 1863, been mustered out of service. 
 
 Not long after he was appointed Colonel of the Veteran Reserve Corps, 
 
394 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 passing the highest examination among twenty-four candidates. He was 
 made member of examining boards, and served in various other capacities, 
 finally being assigned to the command of the Second Brigade, Veteran Re 
 serve Corps, consisting of six regiments, stationed in Virginia. In August, 
 1864, he was made Provost-Marshal-General and Chief Mustering and Dis 
 bursing Officer and Superintendent of Recruiting for Maryland and Dela 
 ware, and so continued until July, 1866, when he was honorably mustered out. 
 Besides the regular actions already noted, he was engaged in many skir 
 mishes. General Scott wrote of him as " my gallant brother-soldier in the cam 
 paign of Mexico." Major-Generals Hooker, Franklin, Newton, and Slocum 
 strongly recommended him for promotion. General Sedgwick wrote : "I add 
 my testimony to, and express my admiration for, the ability as an officer, the 
 high attainments, and the soldierly qualities which have marked your career 
 
 from your entrance into the service Of your gallantry and undaunted 
 
 bravery on the occasion of the storming of the Heights of Fredcricksburg, 
 while at the head of your brigade, and subsequently on the hotly contested 
 field of Salem Heights, where you received your agonizing wound, I can 
 not speak with too much praise. The bravery of the soldier, the skill of the 
 officer, and the courage of the gentleman were so happily blended, that your 
 conduct on that day afforded a noble example, the memory of which must 
 long live in the hearts of all your friends and comrades." 
 
 11. Captain JOHN C. BUOOMFIELD. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in Sixth Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers, in December, 1861, and joined his regiment at Fort Pick- 
 ens, January 18, 1862. After a few months service at Fort Pickens and 
 vicinity, resigned his commission. 
 
 12. Lieutenant A. MARTIN BUHTIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 31, 1861, as 1st Lieutenant of 
 Company K, Ninth Regiment, New York State Militia, or Eighty-Third Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers; was made Quartermaster, June 21, 1&G2, and 
 so remained till mustered out. Was in Abercrombie s brigade, Banks s corps, 
 during 1861 and 1862, in the Shenandoah Valley, and, from March, 1862, in 
 Hartsuff s brigade, McDowell s corps. Took part in all the campaigns of the 
 Army of the Potomac, after McDowell joined Pope, under McClellan, Burn- 
 side, Hooker, and Meade, till he was mustered out with his regiment, June 
 8, 1864. 
 
 13. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM -CHALMERS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the One Hundred and Thirty- 
 Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. Took part in the battle of Bull 
 Run, and was mentioned with praise in brigade reports. Went through the 
 whole Peninsular campaign, taking part in the battle at West Point and the 
 Seven Days Battles. Resigned commission at Harrison s Landing, August 
 8, 1862, on account of disease contracted in the service. Commissioned Lieu- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 395 
 
 tenant-Colonel of Eighty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers (Ninth Regi 
 ment, New York State Militia), October 13, 1863. Crossed the Rapidan with 
 General Meade, and was at the battle of Mine Run. Commanded his regi 
 ment at the battle of the Wilderness nnd in subsequent actions. Mustered out 
 with his regiment in July, 1864. 
 
 14. Lieutenant WILLIAM 0. CHAPMAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in February, 1862, as a private in the 
 Ninety-Fifth New York Volunteers. Soon after was promoted to be Sergeant 
 and detailed as Commissary Sergeant. Was made Second Lieutenant, June 
 13, 1862, and First Lieutenant and Quartermaster, January 27, 1863. Served 
 with his regiment, throughout its three years of service in Virginia, in the 
 Army of the Potomac, in the First Division of the First Corps, McDowell s, 
 (afterwards Reynolds s,) and then in the Third (Wadsworth s) Division of 
 Warren s Fifth Corps. Served as Regimental Quartermaster (and from time 
 to time as Brigade Commissary and Quartermaster) from August 12, 1862, 
 till the muster out of the regiment on March 6, 1865, by reason of expira 
 tion of service. 
 
 15. Major JOSEPH J. COMSTOCK, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Second Lieutenant, Third Rhode Isl 
 and Volunteers, in July, 1861, First Lieutenant and Adjutant, August 18, 
 
 1861. Went with General Sherman s expedition to Port Royal, South Caro 
 lina, in 1861, and was commissioned Captain of ^artillery, in March, 1862. 
 Was at the battle of James Island, and with General Mitchell at the engage 
 ment on the Charleston and Savannah Railroad, in October, 1862. Com 
 manded a mortar battery in the attack on Morris Island, in July, 1863, and 
 a battery of one-hundred-pound Parrott guns at the capture of Forts Gregg 
 and Wagner. Commissioned as Major of the Eleventh United States Col 
 ored Heavy Artillery in November, 1863, and was placed in command of Fort 
 Esperanza, Texas. Assigned to the command of Forts Jackson and St. 
 Philip, near New Orleans, in 1864, and Camp Parapet, on the Mississippi 
 River, in 1865. Resigned in September, 1865. 
 
 16. Captain JAMES C. COOLEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Sergeant in Company D, 
 One Hundred and Thirty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers, August 15, 
 
 1862. Commissioned Second Lieutenant, August 29, 1862 ; First Lieutenant, 
 December 3, 1862 ; Captain, May 28, 1864. Was in the Banks Expedition 
 to New Orleans, in both campaigns against Port Hudson, in the Red River 
 campaign, in the expedition to Sabine Pass, and the second expedition to 
 Western Louisiana, serving as Aide-de-Camp to General Paine, and as Act 
 ing Assistant Adjutant-General to General Emory. He took part in the en 
 gagements at Bisland and Vermilion Bayou. In July, 1864, accompanied 
 General Emory, commanding Nineteenth Army Corps, to the Shenandoah 
 Valley, and was in all the battles under General Sheridan, especially. Win 
 chester, Fisher s Hill, and Cedar Creek. In February, 1865, served as Aide- 
 
396 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 de-Camp to General Merritt, in the great cavalry raid of General Sheridan to 
 the James River and Petersburg. Was with the Army of the Potomac until 
 the surrender of General Lee. In May, 1865, commissioned Second Lieu 
 tenant in the Fifth Cavalry (Regular Army), and brevetted First Lieutenant 
 and Captain, " for gallant and meritorious services during the war." Was pro 
 moted to be First Lieutenant, Fifth Cavalry, July 28, 1866. 
 
 17. Lieutenant-Colonel ROBERT COTTIER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant-Colonel of One Hundred 
 and Sixteenth Regiment, New York Volunteers, September 5, 1862. Was 
 in the Banks Expedition to New Orleans. Commanded his regiment in 
 the first advance and assault on Port Hudson, and in the engagement at Plain 
 Store, Louisiana. His regiment losfr, in the assault at Port Hudson, nearly 
 half its men. Resigned May 29, 1863. 
 
 18. Major-General ABRAM DURYEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 9, 1861, as Colonel of the Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers, (Duryee s Zouaves). Was promoted to be 
 Brigadier-General, August 31, 1861, and Major-General by brevet, March 13, 
 1865. Was at the battle of Big Bethel, Virginia. Commanded the district 
 of Baltimore, Maryland, and erected Fort Federal Hill. Commanded a bri 
 gade under General McDowell, in Northern and Central Virginia, in the spring 
 of 1862; and served under General Pope, being actively engaged in the battles 
 at Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, Groveton, 
 Bull Run, Chantilly, Soutli Mountain, and Antietam. At Antietam he was 
 slightly wounded, the third wound he had received in the service. During 
 the temporary absence of General Duryee, on leave, the command of the 
 division was conferred on an officer of inferior rank. General Duryee de 
 manded his rank and command, on the ground that he was identified with the 
 division from its organization, and was its senior general officer, as well as for 
 his past services ; but the command was withheld from him, without the assign 
 ment of cause, whereupon, in 1863, General Duryee resigned. 
 
 General Pope, in his official report, says : " General Duryee commanded his 
 brigade in the various operations of this campaign with ability and zeal." 
 General McDowell refers to the " gallantry of Generals Duryee and Tower at 
 Thoroughfare Gap, and the battle of the 30th, in which the former was 
 slightly and the latter severely wounded." General Ricketts, in his official 
 report of second Bull Run, says : " General Duryee s brigade advanced into 
 the woods, driving the enemy along the old railroad excavation, until directly 
 under their guns. While occupying this ground, General Duryee was sub 
 jected to a heavy fire of artillery and infantry, in which he received a slight 
 wound and a severe contusion from a shell, but remained at his post animat 
 ing his men, who behaved admirably. 
 
 " .... In recapitulating the services of brigade commanders, I would 
 make particular mention of Brigadier-General Duryee for his noble conduct 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 397 
 
 at Thoroughfare Gap, and his indomitable courage displayed at Bull Run, 
 while holding a trying position." General Meade s report of the battle of 
 South Mountain speaks highly of the promptness of General Duryee in as 
 cending the mountain in support of the Pennsylvania Reserves, which re 
 sulted in the defeat of the enemy. General Rickett s report of Antietam 
 says : " I commend the general good conduct of the division, and would men 
 tion, particularly, Brigadier-General Duryee, Colonels Coulter and Lyle, and 
 Captains Matthews and Thompson of the artillery. Indeed, both officers and 
 men displayed courage under a severe fire." Governor Fenton, in forwarding 
 the brevet of Major-General, " conferred," as he said, " by the President, in 
 recognition of your faithful and distinguished services in the late war," added : 
 " In behalf of the State, allow me to thank you for the gallantry and devotion 
 which induced this conspicuous mention by the general government." 
 
 19. Lieutenant-Colonel ALEXANDER DOUGLAS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 1862, as Captain in the Twenty- 
 Second Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. Was promoted to be Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, September 22, 1862. Served with the Army of the Potomac in 
 the winter of 1862-63, at Fredericksburg and Aquia Creek. Commanded his 
 regiment from its organization until his resignation in March, 1863. 
 
 20. Paymaster WILLIAM LEE DARLING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 18, 1861, under an appoint-- 
 ment as Acting Assistant Paymaster. Was commissioned as an Assistant 
 Paymaster in the Regular Navy, June 30, 1864, and promoted to be Paymas 
 ter, May 4, 1866. He was in the South Atlantic Squadron, under Dupont ; in 
 the West Gulf Squadron, under Farragut ; and in the North Atlantic Squad 
 ron, under Porter. He took part in several engagements on the Red and 
 Mississippi Rivers, including the battle ending in the capture of the ram 
 Queen of the West, on Grand Lake, Louisiana, the attack on Sabine Pass, 
 Texas, and both naval engagements at Fort Fisher. At Fort Fisher he 
 was mentioned by the commanding officer in his report to the Secretary of 
 the Navy. He was attached, after the war, to the United States practice 
 ship Macedonian, at the Naval Academy, Annapolis. 
 
 21. Captain JAMES J. DE BARRY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 24, 1862, as Captain of 
 Company D, One Hundred and Seventieth New York Volunteers, and served 
 in Corcoran s brigade, Hancock s corps. Served in Virginia, and took part 
 in the engagements at Suffolk, and those on the Blackwater and Nansemond 
 Rivers in April and May, 1863. Served throughout Grant s Virginia cam 
 paign, in the Second Corps, taking part particularly in the battles of the 
 Wilderness, May 5 and 6, 1864 ; Spottsylvania, May 18th ; North Anna, May 
 24th and 26th; Cold Harbor, June 2d and 10th; Petersburg, June 16th, 17th, 
 18th, 22d, and 23d; Deep Bottom, July 25th and August 15th; Ream s 
 Station, August 25th. He was present at Lee s siirrendcr, and was mustered 
 
398 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 out, with his regiment, July 15, 1865. He was three times wounded, once 
 while skirmishing, May 1, 1863; again at Blackwater River; again at Deep 
 Bottom. 
 
 22. Lieutenant LEWIS G. DUDLEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service in July, 1861, as First Sergeant in 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). Com 
 missioned Second Lieutenant in January, 1862. Was in the battles of the 
 Peninsular campaign, in Northern Virginia, and at South Mountain and 
 Antietam in 1862, and in the battle at Fredericksburg under General Burn- 
 side. Resigned in February, 1863. Commissioned Second Lieutenant in 
 First Regiment Veteran Cavalry, New York Volunteers, October 17, 1863, 
 and served until the end of the war under General Sheridan, in the Valley of 
 the Shenandoah, and in the great raid to the James River and Petersburg. 
 
 23. Lieutenant HENRY B. DYER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 20, 1861, as First Lieutenant of the 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). 
 Served with his regiment at Washington, D. C., during the winter of 1861 - 62, 
 and resigned his commission in the following spring on account of sickness. 
 
 24. Captain WILLIAM EDWARDS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 3, 1861, as First Lieutenant 
 Sixth Regiment, New York Cavalry. Was promoted to be Captain, October 
 5, 1862. Served in Northern Virginia, and was mustered out with his regi 
 ment at the expiration of its term of service. 
 
 25. Captain CHARLES EMERSON. 
 Entered the United States service as Second Lieutenant One Hundred and 
 
 Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers, May 28, 1862; First Lieu 
 tenant One Hundred and Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, 
 July 2, 1864; Captain, February 10, 1865; honorably discharged May 21, 
 1865. Served, in 1863, in Department of the Gulf, as Acting Assistant 
 Adjutant-General on the staff of General Banks. Was in the Teche cam 
 paign, and at the siege of Port Hudson in 1863. In July, 1864, joined his 
 regiment in the Shenandoah Valley, and served through the whole cam 
 paign under General Sheridan. In October, 1864, assigned to duty as Acting 
 Assistant Adjutant-General upon the staff of General Emory, and in April, 
 1865, as Provost-Marshal on the staff of General D wight. 
 
 26. Colonel NOAH L. FARNHAM. 
 
 . Entered the United States service in May, 1861, as Lieutenant-Colonel of 
 Eleventh Regiment, New York Volunteers (Fire Zouaves). Was at the cap 
 ture of Alexandria, Virginia, and, upon the death of Colonel Ellsworth, suc 
 ceeded him as Colonel of the regiment. Superintended the erection, by his 
 regirnent, of Fort Ellsworth, at Schuters Hill, Virginia. Although suffering 
 from severe illness, he was actively engaged at the battle of Bull Ran, Vir- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 399 
 
 ginia, July 18, 1861, and, while leading his regiment in the most gallant man 
 ner, was struck by a musket-ball upon the side of the head. He died in the 
 hospital at Washington on the 14th of August, 1861, from abscess of the 
 brain, resulting from the wound received at Bull Run. 
 
 27. Lieutenant BENJAMIN GREGORY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 22, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 of Seventh Regiment (Harris Light), New York Cavalry ; was prornoted 
 to be First Lieutenant, August 1, 1861, and Adjutant, February 1, 1862. 
 Served in Northern Virginia, and was under General Kilpatrick in various 
 engagements and skirmishes, until August, 1862. Was wounded August 
 9, 1862, while covering the retreat from Cedar Mountain, Virginia. Appointed 
 Paymaster, United States Army, September 1, 1862, and served in the armies 
 of General Sherman and General Thomas. Resigned July 1, 1864. Was 
 mentioned by General George D. Bayard, in report of advance on Fredericks- 
 burg in April, 1862, and by General King, in report of skirmish near Han 
 over Junction, July 22, 1862. Lieuti-nant-Colonel Judson Kilpatrick, in the 
 latter affair, mentions "Adjutant Gregory, who fearlessly carried orders on the 
 field," with high praise for " his untiring exertions during the entire expedi 
 tions." 
 
 28. Paymaster HENRY S. GREGORY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October, 1863, as Acting Assistant Pay 
 master in the navy, and was ordered to the United States steamer Nyanza. 
 Served in the West Gulf Squadron, and was stationed at Brashier City and 
 Mississippi Sound. Took part at the capture of Mobile. Was honorably 
 discharged November, 1865. 
 
 29. Paymaster OSCAR HALL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November, 1861, as Assistant Store 
 keeper of store-ship Vermont, and was on board during the dangerous voyage 
 of that vessel to Hilton Head, South Carolina, in February, 1862. Served in 
 the Department of the South until July, 1863. Appointed Acting Assistant 
 Paymaster in the United States Navy in 1863, and stationed at Mound City, 
 Illinois. Resigned in 1864. 
 
 30. Lieutenant NORWOOD A. HALSEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 20, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Tenth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was engaged in all the 
 battles of the Peninsular campaign in 1862, and was promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant, July 9, 1862, for "meritorious conduct" during the seven days, 
 which order was read to the whole brigade. Was also in the battles under 
 General Pope in Northern Virginia, and at South Mountain and Antietam. 
 Was appointed Assistant Provost-Marshal on the staff of General French, and 
 served in that capacity until mustered out with the regiment, May 7, 1863. 
 
 31. Engineer R. F. HATFIELD. 
 
 Assistant Engineer in United States Navy in September, 1861, and ordered 
 
400 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 to gunboat Winona. Was actively engaged at the capture of Forts Jackson 
 and St. Philip, and was at the surrender of New Orleans. Resigned, on ac 
 count of sickness, in Jiily, 1862. 
 
 32. Captain TOWNSEXD L. HATFIELD. 
 
 ntered the United States service, September 10, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 of Company C, Forty -Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers ; First Lieu 
 tenant, December 29, 1862 ; Captain, August 28,1863; transferred to Signal 
 Coi-ps, January, 1 862 ; was at the capture of Port Royal Ferry, in General 
 T. W. Sherman s expedition, January 1, 1862, and that of Fort Pulaski, April, 
 1862; was with the army during Admiral Dupont s attack on Charleston 
 Harbor, July 9th ; was one of the storming party that took Morris Island, and 
 was present at the storming of Fort Wagner ; was present and wounded at 
 the second attack on Fort Wagner; January, 1864, was ordered to Florida 
 with Seymour, and was at the battle of Olustee ; remained in Florida until 
 honorably discharged, July 1, 1865. 
 
 33. Lieutenant-Colonel HENRY G. HEALT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 17, 1861, as Captain in Sixty-Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs) ; was promoted to 
 be Major, July 20, 1862, and Lieutenant-Colonel, May 26, 1863. Was in all the 
 battles of the Peninsular campaign and those in Northern Virginia, and at South 
 Mountain and Antietam, in 1862. Was at the battle of Fredericksburg under 
 General Burnside, and was wounded at the storming of Marye s Heights, 
 at Fredericksburg, under General Sedgwick in 1863, receiving a gunshot 
 wound through the body. Resigned, in 1864, on account of disability from 
 wounds received in the service. 
 
 34. Captain HENHY H. HARRALL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June, 1862, as Lieutenant in the Twenty- 
 Third Connecticut Volunteers, and served at New Orleans until his regiment 
 was mustered out, in 1863. In April, 1864, enlisted as a private in Twenty- 
 Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, and was engaged in the battles in 
 the Shenandoah Valley, under General Sheridan. Detached, and commissioned 
 Captain in the Thirty-Seventh Regiment, colored troops. Served in South 
 Carolina, and mustered out August, 1865. Was present also at Bull Run 
 as a private in the Seventy-First New York. 
 
 35. Major WILLIAM W. HARRAL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August, 1861, as Lieutenant and Quar 
 termaster of the Ninth Connecticut Volunteers. Promoted to be Captain 
 and Division Quartermaster on the staff of General Butler, March 8, 1862. 
 Was with Butler in the expedition to New Orleans, and some time after its 
 capture was appointed Major and Aide-de-Camp on the staff of that officer, 
 with whom he remained till Butler was relieved by Banks. Subsequently 
 served as Chief of Staff to General Strong, in the operations of Gillmore 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 401 
 
 against Charleston. Was present in the operations that resulted in the cap 
 ture of Morris Island, and participated in the attacks on Fort Wagner and the 
 bombardment of Fort Sumter. Resigned his commission on the death of Gen 
 eral Strong, in the summer of 1863. Was complimented in general orders 
 by General Strong for trying to recover the body of Colonel Shaw, of the 
 Fifty-Fourth Massachusetts Colored Volunteers, and by General Gillmore for 
 crossing Lighthouse Inlet for reinforcements in an open boat and under a 
 heavy tire. . 
 
 36. Purser THOMAS W. K. HOLDER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 28, 1861, as Purser of the United 
 States ship Boston, and participated in the capture of Fort Pulaski, the bom 
 bardment of Fort McAllister, the capture of Fernandina, the destruction of 
 the Nashville, the bombardment of Charleston, the two captures of Jackson 
 ville, the two expeditions against Pocotaligo Bridge, and the capture of Jarncs 
 Island. Resigned July 22, 1863. 
 
 37. Brigadier-General EDWARD JARDINE. 
 
 Entered the service in April, 1861, as Captain of Company G, Ninth New 
 York Volunteers. Promoted to be Major, February 8, 1962, Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, 1863, Colonel, 1863 ; and brevetted Brigadier-General in May, 1865. 
 
 Served in 1861, in Virginia, under Butler, taking part in the engagement 
 at Big Bethel and the expedition to Hatteras Inlet ; and in North Carolina 
 in 1862, under Burnside, taking part in the battles at Roanoke Island (for 
 which he was promoted), and Camden, where he was slightly wounded. Re 
 turned with Burnside and the Ninth Corps to Virginia, in 1862, and took part 
 in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, in command of the Eighty- 
 Ninth New York Volunteers, and in the battle of Fredericksburg. In April, 
 1863, he was mustered out with his regiment, by reason of expiration of terni 
 (two years) of service, but reorganized it as Colonel, July 15, 1863 ; took part, 
 with his command, in suppressing the New York Draft Riots, and was severely 
 wounded, being beaten by the mob, and suffering a compound fracture of the 
 thigh, which disabled him for life. Resigned in May, 1865, on account of his 
 wounds, and received for services at " Hatteras, Roanoke, Camden, South 
 Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg " the brevet rank of Brigadier- 
 General. 
 
 38. Captain EUGENE KELTY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Nine 
 teenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Subsequently commissioned 
 Captain in Thirtieth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, and accompanied 
 the expedition of General Butler to New Orleans. Was killed at the battle 
 of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in July, 1862. In General Butler s official re 
 port he is mentioned as " that gallant officer and admirable soldier, Captain 
 Eugene Kelty, of Company I, Thirtieth Massachusetts, who was ordered to 
 deploy his brave and active company of Zouaves as skirmishers on the right, 
 and, in the performance of that duty, fell bravely at their head." 
 26 
 
402 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 39. Major JAMES S. KING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 2, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). 
 Was promoted to be First Lieutenant in January, 1 862. Resigned, on account 
 of ill health, in July, 1862. Commissioned Captain in the One Hundred and 
 Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, in September, 1862, and re 
 signed, on account of ill health, in July, 1863. Commissioned First Lieuten 
 ant in Seventy-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers, in October, 1864, and 
 Captain in June, 1865. Brevetted Major for gallant and meritorious conduct. 
 Commissioned Second Lieutenant, Thirteenth Infantry (Regular Army), May 
 11, 1866, and is still in the United States service. Served in all the battles of 
 the Peninsular campaign in 1862, and under General Banks in Louisiana. 
 Was Provost-Marshal for several months of the Parish of St. John the Baptist. 
 Served in the Army of the Potomac, on the staff of General Parke, as Provost- 
 Marshal, and throughout the siege and capture of Petersburg, where he was 
 wounded, and had his horse killed under him. Was present at the final bat 
 tles and at Lee s surrender. 
 
 40. Major JOHN LAWRENCE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 20, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Seventy-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers (Second Fire Zouaves) ; Ad 
 jutant, November 19, 1861, Captain, January 2, 1863, and Major, January 
 16, 1863. Served through the Peninsular campaign, in Northern Virginia, 
 under General Pope, and was at South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
 Chancellors ville, and Gettysburg. Resigned in 1863. 
 
 41. Major ROBERT W. LEONARD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 15, 1862, as First Lieutenant 
 and Adjutant in One Hundred and Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Vol 
 unteers ; Major, June 14, 1863. Served in the Department of the Gulf, under 
 General Banks. Was with the expedition to Sabine Pass, at the battle of 
 Bayou Teche, in the Red River Expedition, and at the capture of Port Hud 
 son. Volunteered in the forlorn hope organized for the assault on Port 
 Hudson. Resigned in 1864, on account of disease contracted in the service. 
 
 42. Captain J. HKNRY LIEBENAU. 
 
 Entered the United States service in December, 1861, as Captain and Assist 
 ant Adjutant-General, and was assigned to the staff of General Viele ; served 
 in the Department of the South, and was frequently mentioned in general 
 orders ; superintended the erection of batteries on the Savannah River, and 
 was at the capture of Fort Pulaski ; served at Norfolk in 1862 - 63, as Assistant 
 Adjutant-General and Provost Marshal. Resigned In October, 1863. 
 
 43. Master s Mate J. WALTER MACKIE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October, 1861, as Master s Mate in 
 United States Navy, and was ordered to bark Restless ; was in the blockade 
 service at Charleston, South Carolina, and vicinity in 1862, and upon the 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 403 
 
 coast of South Carolina and Florida in 1863 ; resigned, on account of sickness, 
 in 1864; was honorably mentioned for services. 
 
 44. Lieutenant-Colonel DAVID W. MARSHALL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant, Sixteenth Regiment, 
 Ohio Volunteers, May 4, 1861, and appointed Adjutant, May 18, 1861 ; com 
 missioned Captain in Fifty-First Ohio Volunteers, Octobers, 1861, Major, May 
 31, 1863, and Lieutenant-Colonel, January 18, 1865 ; mustered out at Victoria, 
 Texas, October 4, 1865 ; was in the battles of Philippi and Carrick s Ford, in 
 Western Virginia, in June, 1861 ; at Stamford, Dobson s Ford, Perry ville, and 
 Stone River in 1862 ; and at Ringgold, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, and 
 Mission Ridge in 1863 ; was in all the battles during General Sherman s ad 
 vance on Atlanta, in 1864, and at the battles at Franklin and Nashville, Ten 
 nessee, under General Thomas ; was wounded at Jonesboro , Georgia ; served 
 at various periods and places as Judge-Advocate, Assistant Adjutant-General, 
 and Assistant Inspector-General ; was actively engaged in twenty important 
 battles, and very many skirmishes. 
 
 45. Lieutenant-Colonel JOSEPH E. MCFARLAND. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 1, 1861, as First Lieutenant of the 
 Eleventh Regiment, New York Volunteers (Fire Zouaves) ; Captain, August 
 4, 1861, and Lieutenant-Colonel, March 4, 1862 ; was at the battle of Bull Run 
 in July, 1861 ; served with the regiment at Fortress Monroe and Newport 
 News in 1861, 1862, and was mustered out wiih the regiment in May, 1862. 
 
 46. Captain JAMES A. 
 
 Entered the United States service August 21, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Forty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers; First Lieutenant, October 1, 
 1861 ; Captain, July 17, 1862; served with his regiment through the Penin 
 sular campaign (1862), and under General Pope in Northern Virginia ; was 
 at the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and at Fredericksburg, under 
 General Burnside ; resigned, on account of ill health, December 30, 1862 ; his 
 company, at Antietam, was in the sharply contested cornfield, and General 
 Hancock, riding up to him, ordered him to " clear out " a house full of sharp 
 shooters who were picking off our artillerists ; it was done, and Hancock vis 
 ited the company during the day, and complimented it on the performance. 
 
 47. Captain DAVID MILLER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 3, 1861, as Captain in Sixty- 
 Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs) ; was en 
 gaged in the battles of the Peninsular campaign in 1862; appointed Lieuten 
 ant-Colonel of the Fifth Metropolitan Regiment in September, 1862, but 
 declined ; resigned in November, 1862, on account of disease contracted in the 
 service, his resignation being accepted by Colonel Shaler with " deep regret 
 and great reluctance " ; has been mentioned in general orders. 
 
404 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 48. Lieutenant JAMES MILLER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 20, 1861, as private in the Fifth 
 Regiment, New York State Volunteers (Dnryee Zouaves) ; commissioned as 
 Second Lieutenant of Company H, May 9, 1861 ; served under Butler at and 
 near Fort Monroe, and was detailed by that officer, July 15, as drill-master to 
 the " Union Coast Guard," from which duty he was relieved August 13, and 
 rejoined his regiment at Baltimore ; he carried to General Dix a letter signed 
 by General Butler, which said : " I desire to bear testimony to his faithful and 
 efficient service on that duty, for which I hope he may have consideration." 
 Resigned September 6, 1861, in consequence of disease contracted in the line 
 of duty. 
 
 49. Lieutenant SILAS A. MILLER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 1861, as a private in the 
 Twelfth Infantry (Regular Army), and was shortly afterwards appointed Ser 
 geant; was appointed Sergeant-Major December 23, 1862, and promoted to be 
 Second Lieutenant 19th February, 1863 ; served under General Banks in the 
 Shenandoah Valley, and was taken prisoner at the battle of Cedar Mountain, 
 Virginia, and confined six weeks at Belleisle ; was at the battle of Fredericks- 
 burg under General Bnrnside, and at Chancellorsville under General Hooker; 
 commanded his company at the battle of Gettysburg, and was killed in the en 
 gagement of the second day. At the time of his death, he was acting as colo 
 nel of a volunteer regiment, and had given an order for his men to lie down, 
 but himself remained standing, when he was shot through the heart by a 
 sharpshooter. He had already been promoted to a first lieutenantcy, but never 
 knew it. He was buried on the field, and afterwards his remains were removed 
 to the National Cemetery at Gettysburg. 
 
 50. Lieutenant-Colonel DAVID I. MILN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 20, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Sixty-Fifth Regiment. New York Volunteers (having previously served 
 from July 4 to August 8 as a volunteer officer of the Eleventh New York Vol 
 unteers, being present at Bull Run) ; was promoted to be First Lieutenant, 
 January 1, 1862; Captain, August 1, 1862 ; Major, December 2, 1864; and 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, June 20, 1865 ; served in the line, and in the Army of the 
 Potomac, from the beginning to the end of the war ; was in all the battles of 
 the Peninsular campaign, at Chantilly, at Marye s Heights, at Gettysburg, 
 and in the battles of Grant s campaign from the Wilderness to Petersburg ; 
 was at the capture of General Lee, and was stationed at Danville, Virginia, 
 until June 1, 1865 ; was detached from the Army of the Potomac from August 
 to December, 1864, and was then in the several engagements under General 
 Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley ; at the battle of Spottsylvania was 
 wounded in the head by a musket-ball, in the assault on the angle, May 12, 
 1864; was brevetted Lieutenant- Colonel, "for services during the campaign 
 closing with the surrender of Lee " ; mustered out July 27, 1865. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 405 
 
 51. Captain JAMES B. Mix. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 27, 1861, as First Lieutenant 
 and Adjutant of the Eleventh New York Cavalry (" Scott Nine Hundred ") ; 
 was promoted to the captaincy of Company D, September 27, 1862 ; served as 
 commanding officer of President Lincoln s body-guard during the summer 
 and fall of 1862; was injured, and for a time disabled, while escorting the 
 President on one occasion from the Soldiers Home to the White House, in 
 assisting the President, who had lost control of his horse ; was placed in com 
 mand of the Old Capitol Prison, May 11, 1863 ; April 17, 1864, rejoined his 
 regiment at New Orleans, and, with his company, was placed in command of 
 St. James s Parish, Louisiana ; was honorably discharged September 12, 1864. 
 Received the following autograph letter from President Lincoln : " I take 
 pleasure in certifying that Captain James B. Mix commanded a troop of cav 
 alry escorting me between the White House and the Soldiers Home, and that 
 I became a great deal attached to him. I have not had any reason to change 
 my estimation of him. A. LINCOLN." 
 
 52. Brigadier-General EDWARD L. MOLINEUX. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 27, 1862, as Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, One Hundred and Fifty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers ; 
 was promoted to be Colonel, November 25, 1862; was with the Banks 
 Expedition to New Orleans, and in the first movement against Port Hud 
 son. In April, 1863, Avas severely wounded in the face, at the battle of 
 Irish Bend, La , where his regiment lost nearly one third its numbers. In 
 August, 1863, was appointed on staff of Major-General Franklin, as In 
 spector-General and Provost-Marshal of the Thirteenth and Nineteenth 
 Army Corps. Was in the battles of Vermilion Bayou and Carrion 
 Crow, and in the Red River campaign. In January, 1864, placed in 
 command of the La Fourche District. Transferred with Nineteenth Ar 
 my Corps to Virginia, and Avas at the siege of Petersburg. Commanded 
 a brigade under General Sheridan in the battles in the Shenandoah 
 Valley. Upon the recommendation of General Sheridan, he was breveted 
 Brigadier-General for gallantry at Cedar* Creek, to date from that battle. In 
 December, 1864, was sent with a brigade to General Sherman, and placed in 
 command of the defences of Savannah. In May, 1865, took possession of 
 Augusta, and commanded the district of Northern Georgia and South Caro 
 lina until August, 1865. Was honorably mentioned in several department 
 orders, and in various official reports, for the good order maintained in that 
 region. In the battles of Winchester, Fisher s Hill, and Cedar Creek his regi 
 ment lost heavily, and he was specially mentioned in the corps reports of each 
 of the fights for promotion for gallantry. At Augusta he had charge of, one 
 hundred thousand bales of cotton captured, and ten million dollars worth of 
 military stores and bullion. On being mustered out, the merchants and Com 
 mon Council of the city gave him a complimentary address, and various 
 county meetings voted thanks. 
 
406 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 53. Engineer ISAAC NEWTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 14, 1861, as First Assistant Engi 
 neer, United States Navy. Ordered to the frigate Roanoke, and was in the 
 blockading service until December 1, 1861. Detached and ordered to New 
 York " for duty in connection with Ericsson s battery," afterwards known as 
 the Monitor. February 7, 1862, was ordered to report to Lieutenant-Com 
 mander Worden, United States Navy, as Chief Engineer of United States 
 iron-clad Monitor. Was the Chief Engineer during the engagement with 
 the Rebel ram Merrimac, and the attack upon Fort Darling, August 14, 
 1862. Detached and ordered to report to Rear-Admii*al Gregory at New 
 York as " superintendent of iron-clad vessels at that place." Performed 
 that duty until resignation, February 8, 1865. During this period accompa 
 nied many iron-dads to their destination on the Southern coast ; superintend 
 ed the preparation of the large torpedoes called " devils," intended for use 
 against Charleston ; and was constantly engaged in the preparation of plans 
 for the new iron-clc,ds. Was an original and constant advocate of the Moni 
 tor system, and during the war defended it in the principal journals and reviews 
 of this country. The officers of the United States iron-clad Monitor re 
 ceived a vote of thanks from Congress for their gallantry and success in the 
 engagement with the Rebel ram Merrimac. Captain Worden says : " In 
 the emergency which arose on the passage to Hampton Roads he showed 
 great readiness in resources, and quickness in the application of them. In 
 the action with the Merrimac he did his duty with coolness, skill, and 
 energy." 
 
 54. Colonel THEODORE W. PARMELEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 31, 1862, as Colonel One Hun 
 dred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the 
 Department of the Gulf under General Banks in 1863, and commanded the 
 brigade sent on a forced reconnoissance, to open communication with Admiral 
 Farragut, after he had passed the batteries of Port Hudson. Was injured on 
 the expedition by the fail of his horse, and was discharged January 8, 1864, 
 in consequence of injuries received in the service. 
 
 55. Captain W. D. PEARNE. 
 
 Entered the United States service August, 1861, in the Fourth New York 
 Cavalry, and served, " without rank or pay," through Fremont s campaign 
 in the Shenandoah, in 1862, and through Pope s campaign in Virginia, until 
 afrer the second battle of Manassas. Was commissioned First Lieutenant 
 Fifteenth New York Cavalry, August 19, 1863, and served thenceforth in the 
 Shenandoah Valley. Commanded his company at the battle of New Market, 
 covering the retreat to Cedar Creek, and took part in the engagements at 
 Piedmont, Waynesboro , and Lynchburg, under Hunter, and, as Aide-de- 
 Camp to Colonel Tibbitts, commanding brigade, in those at Winchester, 
 Snicker s Gap, Ashby s Gap, and in the Maryland campaign against Early. 
 In December, 1864, under Sheridan, took part in the fights at Lacy Springs, 
 Waynesboro , and Ashland Station, and in the battle of Five Forks. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 407 
 
 At the second Bull Run he was slightly wounded ; at Piedmont he acted 
 as special Aid to General Hunter. December 25, 1865, he was brevetted 
 Captain. 
 
 56. Captain MOSES L. M. PEIZOTTO. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July, 1862, as Captain One Hundred and 
 Third Regiment, Ohio Volunteers. Was at the battle of Perryville, Ky., and, 
 after the retreat of General Bragg, was actively employed in Southern Ken 
 tucky. Resigned his commission in January, 1863, on account of disease con 
 tracted in the service. 
 
 57. Sergeant GURDON S. PHIPPS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as Sergeant in Sickles s 
 brigade, with the promise of a commission upon taking the field. Acted as 
 the instructor of his company, and served in General Hooker s division in 
 Maryland, during the winter of 1861 - 62. Was in the battles of the Penin 
 sular campaign, in 1862, and in Northern Virginia, under General Pope, num 
 bering ten severe engagements. Was mortally wounded at Bristow Station, 
 Va., September, 1862, and was left upon tbc battle-field. After suffering from 
 hunger, thirst, and a painful wound for three days, was removed to a hospital 
 in Washington, where he died. 
 
 58. Colonel HENRY M. PORTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, January 15, 1862, as Captain Seventh 
 Regiment, Vermont Volunteers; Major, August, 1862; Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 August 26, 1865 ; and Colonel, October 13, 1865. Served in the Department 
 of the Gulf, and was at the battles at Baton Rouge and Donaldsonville, La. 
 Was Provost-Marshal of New Orleans from November, 1 863, to August, 1 864, 
 and was mustered out April 6, 1866. 
 
 59. Lieutenant DE VAN POSTLEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 15, 1862, as Second Lieutenant 
 in One Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was 
 in the campaign of General Banks in Western Louisiana, and against Port 
 Hudson, in 1863. Was killed at the battle of Donaldsonville, La,, in July, 
 1863. His funeral was attended in New York by the Second Company. 
 
 60. Captain JAMES W. POWELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 20, 1861. as First Lieutenant of the 
 Seventy-First Regiment, New York Volunteers (Sickles s brigade), and was 
 made Adjutant, July 18. Promoted to be Captain, July 31, 1862. Was pro 
 moted to be Major of the One Hundred and Twenty-Sixth New York Volun 
 teers, but declined. Was transferred, June, 1863, to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
 Participated in thirteen engagements, namely, Yorktown, Peninsular cam 
 paign, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Seven Days Battles, second Malvern Hill, 
 Bristow Station, Fredericksburg, 1862, and subsequent campaign. He re 
 ceived a gunshot wound in the thigh at Bristow Station, August, 1862, and 
 
408 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 a scalp wound at Altoona, in May, 1864. Colonel H. L. Porter said : "No 
 officer was more brave, gallant, or efficient." Resigned from the volunteer 
 service, June, 1 866, after over five years continuous service. Was appointed 
 July, 1866, Captain in the Forty-Second Infantry, and is still in the Regular 
 service. 
 
 61. Lieutenant GLENN PUTNAM. 
 
 Entered the United States service in December, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers, and joined his regiment at Fort 
 Pickens, in January, 1862. Was with the expedition of General Banks 
 through Western Louisiana to Alexandria, and to Port Hudson, and partici 
 pated in the battles and skirmishes of the campaign. Mustered out, July, 
 
 1863. 
 
 62. Lieutenant CHARLES R. REED. 
 
 Entered the United States service, February 10, 1862, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Marine Artillery Corps, New York Volunteers, and served in North 
 Carolina in 1862 and 1863. 
 
 63. Lieutenant-Colonel HENRY FRANKLIN SAVAGE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as First Lieutenant and 
 Adjutant of the Twenty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. He was 
 made Major July 20, 1861, and was present in the reserve at Bull Run. He 
 was in the Peninsular campaign of 1862, and at Hanover Court- House he led 
 the left wing of his regiment. He was severely wounded in the right arm, but 
 refused to quit the field, until, exhausted and weak, he was thrown from his 
 horse, and at first left for dead. He was mustered out of the service for dis 
 ability ; first, however, having been promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel, June, 
 1 862. He never recovered from his wound, dying, after a short and severe illness, 
 October 17, 1862. " Colonel Savage/ writes one who knew him well, "was 
 a brave, faithful, and patriotic soldier and a conscientious gentleman. In the 
 discharge of his duties in the Seventh he was attentive and exact evten to 
 punctiliousness. He was known in the regiment as the Model Sentinel. 
 Anxious to learn, and ready in acquiring a knowledge of the duties of his 
 position, no one could surpass him in correct and soldierly habits and de 
 meanor; ardently devoted to his adopted country, no one chafed more restlessly 
 than he at the few days delay which intervened between the muster out of the 
 Seventh and his muster in as Adjutant of the Twenty-Fifth. 
 
 "Privately and socially, he was a universal favorite. His presence was 
 always welcome. Physically, he was erect, well formed, and well proportioned ; 
 warm-hearted and genial, he was only known to be loved. Had it been his 
 fortune to have lived and fought through the war, he would have won, and 
 honorably worn, the stars of a general." 
 
 64. Major-General ALEXANDER SHALER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 11, 1861, as Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs), and 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 409 
 
 Colonel, July 17, 1862. Served with great distinction in the Army of the 
 Potomac, upon the Peninsula, in 1862,- and was actively engaged at Williams- 
 burg, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, and other important battles of the campaign. 
 Served under General Pope in Northern Virginia, and under General Mc- 
 Clellan in Maryland. Was at the battle of Fredericksburg, under General 
 Burnside, December, 1862. Commanded a brigade, and led the advance at 
 the capture of Fredericksburg, and the storming of Marye s Heights in May, 
 1863. Was commissioned Brigadier-General of Volunteers, for gallantry and 
 meritorious conduct, May 26, 1863. In May, 1863, General Abercrombie 
 recommended the government to give Colonel Shaler a high position in the 
 Regular Army, declaring that he had always found him, " whether in battle or 
 in camp, cool, collected, and capable," and no officer in his command more 
 deserving in every respect. General Hooker testified to the " fine character 
 and eminent soldiership of Colonel Shaler." General Sedgwk-k " urged his 
 promotion for his services and gallantry." General Newton said : " He is dis 
 tinguished for his exact discipline in camp and coolness in an emergency. In 
 our last campaign on the Rappahannock, his gallantry and soldierly qualities 
 were fullv tested." His conspicuous gallantry at Marye s Heights, and the 
 capacity he had shown for command, caused many of the leading citizens of 
 New York to unite in a request to the President for promotion, which, as has 
 been said, was promptly conferred. Served with the Army of the Potomac in 
 the campaigns of 1863, and was at the battle of Gettysburg. In the brilliant 
 affair of Rappahannock Station General Shaler played a chief part, General 
 Sedgwick s order saying (November 8, 1863) : " The taking of the heights on 
 the right by Neil s and Shaler s brigades was admirably accomplished." Dur 
 ing the winter of 1863-64 was stationed at Sandusky, Ohio, in charge of the 
 prison for Rebel officers, at Johnson s Island. Was taken prisoner at the battle 
 of the Wilderness, in May, 1864, and was confined at Charleston, S. C., within 
 range of the United States batteries on Morris Island. Was exchanged in 
 August, 1864, and ordered to report to General Canby, at New Orleans. 
 Commanded the post of Columbus, Ivy., and in January, 1865, assumed com 
 mand of the Second Division, Seventh Army Corps, and the post of Du Vall s 
 Bluff, Ark. Was brevet-ted Major-General, July 27, 1865, for "continuous, 
 faithful, and meritorious services throughout the war, and especially for gal 
 lantry in the assault upon Marye s Heights, Fredericksburg, Va., and the battle 
 of Gettysburg and the Wilderness." Mustered out of the service, August 
 24, 1865. 
 
 On the 23d of January, 1867, General Shaler was appointed Major-General 
 of the First Division National Guard, S. N. Y., by Governor Fenton, and still 
 commands the division. 
 
 65. Captain SIMOX W. SCOTT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 9, 1862, as Quartermaster of 
 the One Hundred and Seventy -Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was 
 in the campaigns of General Banks in Louisiana, in 1863, and was commis 
 sioned Captain and Assistant Quartermaster. Resigned in 1864. 
 
410 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 66. Captain GEORGE W. SELOVER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 20, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs), and 
 as Captain, November 1, 1862. Was in the principal battles of the Peninsular 
 campaign, and at South Mountain and Antietam. Was at the battle of Fred- 
 ericksburg, under General Burnside. Resigned January, 1863. 
 
 67. Colonel GEORGE W. STILWELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 20, 1861, as Captain, Sixty-Seventh 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers ; brevetted Major for " gallant and meritorious 
 services," July 23, 1866; Lieutenant-Colonel, September 13, 1866; and Colonel, 
 October 16, 1866. Served through the battles of the Peninsular campaign of 
 1862, and commanded his Regiment at the battles of William sport, South 
 Mountain, and Antietam. Was at the battle of Frederick sburg, under 
 General Burnside. Resigned on account of disease contracted in the service, 
 January 1, 1863. Colonel Stilwell began raising his company April 17, 1861, 
 and enlisted one hundred and two men. 
 
 68. Captain CHARLES H. STIRLING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 30, 1861, as private in the Sixty- 
 Second Regiment, New York Voli nte rs (Anderson Zouaves). Was promoted 
 successively to be Quartermaster, Sergeant, and Second Lieutenant. Was 
 mustered in as First Lieutenant, August 31, 1861, at Washington. November 
 15, 1861, was appointed Aide-de-Camp on General Peck s staff ; October, 1863, 
 was appointed Acting Assistant Inspector-General upon General Peck s staff; 
 June 4, 1864, was commissioned as Captain. 
 
 Was in all the battles of the Peninsular campaign, and at the siege of Suffolk 
 in 1863, and in several skirmishes and battles in Vii-ginia and North Carolina 
 in 1863 and 1864. He was twice wounded at Williamsburg, and again at Fair 
 Oaks,. where also he had two horses shot under him. General Peck mentioned 
 him for- "gallant conduct" in his report of Fair Oaks, and also in his report 
 of Williamsburg. Later, he declared that Captain Stirling " had always 
 acquitted himself with distinction." Received many recommendations for 
 promotion. Resigned November, 1864. 
 
 69. Lieutenant ELIPHALET W. STRATTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 15, 1862, as First Lieutenant in 
 Twenty-Eighth Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers. Went with the Banks 
 Expedition to New Orleans, and was in the movements against Port Hudson 
 in 1863, his regiment losing heavily. Mustered out with his regiment in Sep 
 tember, 1863. 
 
 70. Lieutenant-Colonel CHARLES H. TAY. 
 
 Entered the United States service in May, 1861, as Captain of Second Regi 
 ment, New Jersey Volunteers. Was at the battle of Bull Run in 1861, and in 
 the battles of the Peninsular campaign. Was commissioned Major for gal 
 lantry and meritorious conduct at the battle of Gaines s Mills, and commanded 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 411 
 
 his regiment in all the battles of Northern Virginia, under General Pope, and 
 at South Mountain and Antietam. In October, 1862, commissioned Lieu 
 tenant-Colonel of Tenth Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. Served at Nor 
 folk, Va., and in Pennsylvania, in 1863. Commanded his regiment in all the 
 battles of the campaign of 1864, from the Wilderness to Petersburg, Va. Was 
 taken prisoner at the battle of Spottsylvania, and was recaptured on the follow 
 ing day by General Sheridan, and accompanied him in his raid upon Richmond. 
 Was in the various battles under General Sheridan in the Shcnandoah Valley, 
 and was taken prisoner at Winchester, and confined at Lynchburg, Danville, 
 and Libby. Exchanged February 22, 1865, and resigned March 7, 1865, on 
 account of disability for active service, contracted by reason of his hardships 
 and long imprisonment. At this time he had had nearly four years of 
 continuous service, and had taken part in about thirty battles and heavy 
 skirmishes. 
 
 Captain Tay was appointed Brigade Engineer by General Kearney, and his 
 services during the erection of Fort Worth were highly complimented in orders 
 by that officer. 
 
 71. Captain LUCIAN M. THAYER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 2, 1861, as First Lieutenant in 
 the Fifty-Third New York Volunteers (D Epineul Zouaves). Took part in 
 the Burnside Expedition to North Carolina ; but at Hatteraa the transport 
 containing his regiment was blown out to sea, and was picked up by the 
 steamer Ericsson, after a cruise of forty-two days. The regiment was mus 
 tered out in May, 1862. 
 
 Re-entered the service, August 19, 1862, as Captain in the Fifty-First Mas 
 sachusetts Volunteers, and served under General Foster in North Carolina, 
 taking part in the battles at Kinston, Whitehall, and Goldsboro . Was mus 
 tered out, with his regiment, in July, 1863. 
 
 72. Lieutenant HENRY J. TIEMANN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, Septembers, 1862, as Second Lieutenant 
 in One Hundred and Fifty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was 
 with the Banks Expedition to New Orleans, in the Red River Expedition, 
 at the siege of Port Hudson, and in other engagements in Louisiana, Ap 
 pointed Aide-de-Camp to General Birgh, February 5, 1863. Resigned Janu 
 ary 1, 1864. 
 
 73. Captain GEORGE F. E. TYBRING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 24, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 Seventy-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers ; First Lieutenant, May 4, 
 1862. Was engaged in the battles of the Peninsular campaign, in 1862= Ap 
 pointed Captain and Assistant Quartermaster, in 1863, and served in the cam 
 paigns of the Army of the Potomac in that year, in the campaign of General 
 Grant from the Wilderness to Petersburg, and under General Sheridan in the 
 Shenandoah Valley. Mustered out August 27, 1865. 
 
412 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 74. Captain CHARLES S. VAN NORDEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861. Served in Western Virginia 
 under General Rosecrans, in the summer and autumn of 1861, as military in 
 structor of the Second Regiment, Virginia Volunteers, with the rank of Cap 
 tain. 
 
 75. Lieutenant A. H. VROOM. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 9, 1862, as First Lieutenant, 
 Twenty-First Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. Served with the Army of 
 the Potomac in Virginia, and was at the battle of Fredericksburg, and storm 
 ing of Marye s Heights, under General Sedgwick. Mustered out with his 
 regiment, June 19, 1863. 
 
 76. Captain ALMAR P. WEBSTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service May, 1861, as First Lieutenant in Ninth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (Hawkins s Zouaves). Was promoted to be 
 Captain, September 3, 1862. Was at the battle of Big Bethel, and with the 
 Burnside Expedition to North Carolina, his company being the first to 
 land at Hatteras Inlet. Wounded at the battle of Roanoke Island. Trans 
 ferred with his regiment to the Army of the Potomac, and was in the battles 
 in Northern Virginia under General Pope, and the battles of South Mountain 
 and Antietam under General McClellan, and at Fredericksburg under General 
 Burnside. At Antietam his company carried in sixty-three men, and lost 
 forty-one killed and wounded. Was at the siege of Suffolk by Longstreet in 
 April, 1863, Mustered out, with his regiment, in June, 1863. 
 
 77. Captain E. B. WEBSTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 1862, as Second Lieutenant, One 
 Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Second Duryee s 
 Zouaves). Was promoted to be First Lieutenant, September 6, 1863; Cap 
 tain, August, 1865. Served in the Red River campaign, under General 
 Banks, in the Shenandoah Valley under General Sheridan, and in Georgia 
 under General Sherman. Was Aide-de-Camp to General Grover, from August, 
 1864, to the close of the war. Mustered out October, 1865. 
 
 78. Captain G. V. WEIR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 18, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the Fifth United States Artillery. Was promoted to be First Lieutenant in 
 1863. Served in Virginia successively in McDowell s army before the battle 
 of Bull Run, in the First Corps, under McCall, Meade, Reynolds, and Sey 
 mour, in the Artillery Reserve under Tyler during the Gettysburg campaign, 
 in the draft riots, in the Second Corps under Warren, and in the Shenandoah 
 Valley under Crook, Averill, and Sheridan. 
 
 He was with the Army of the Potomac throughout the Peninsular cam 
 paign of 1862, Pope s Virginia campaign, McClellan s Maryland campaign, 
 and the campaigns of Burnside, Hooker, and Meadc, and afterwards in the 
 campaigns of Sheridan and others in the Shenandoah in 1864. He took part 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 413 
 
 in the battles of Mechanicsville, Gaines s Mills, Charles City Cross-Roads, 
 Malvern Hill, Groveton, second Bull R,un, South Mountain, Antietam, first 
 and second Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Snicker s Gap, Winchester, July 24, 
 1864, Mooren eld, Winchester, September 19, 1864, Fisher s Hill, and Cedar 
 Creek, besides many other engagements. Was brevetted Captain, and in 
 1867 was in service with his regiment at Fort Monroe, being Adjutant of the 
 post. 
 
 79. Captain WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 14, 1861, as Second Lieuten 
 ant in Fifth Regiment, New York Cavalry (Ira Harris Guard) ; First Lieu 
 tenant, May 2, 1862 ; and Captain, May 28, 1862. Was with General Banks 
 in the Shenandoah Valley, in 1862, and with General Pope in his campaign 
 in Northern Virginia. Resigned February, 1863. 
 
 80. Lieutenant JAMES WOOD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 1, 1862, as First Lieutenant, One 
 Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was with 
 the Banks Expedition to New Orleans, and was actively engaged in vari 
 ous engagements in Louisiana, including the attack upon Port Hudson, and the 
 battle of Donaldson ville. Resigned August, 1863, on account of disease con 
 tracted in the service. 
 
 THIRD COMPANY (C). 
 
 1. Captain GEORGE W. BACON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 10, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Company I, Ninety-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted 
 to be Captain, October, 1862. March 7, 1862, A. I). C. on the staff of Gen 
 eral Brannan, and so continued till honorably discharged, March 17, 1863. 
 Served in Department of the South, at Key West, Port Royal, &c. Took 
 part in the capture of Jacksonville (Florida), and the St. John s River Expedi 
 tion in October, 1862, and Mitchell s expedition towards Pocotaligo soon after. 
 Was engaged in several other skirmishes in the Department. 
 
 2. Colonel WILLIAM P. BAILY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 16, 1861, as Lieutenant-Colonel of 
 the Second Regiment, Delaware Volunteers. Promoted, August 22, 1862, to 
 be Colonel. Served in the First Division, Second Corps, under Generals Sum- 
 ner, Richardson, and Hancock. Took part in the Eastern Shore Expedition, 
 under General Lockwood, and was engaged at Gaines s Mills, Peach Orchard, 
 Savage Station, Nelson s Farm, White-Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Malvern 
 Hill second, Charlestown, Snicker s Gap, Falmouth, Frcdericksburg, Chan- 
 cellorsville, Gettysburg, Falling Waters, Manassas Gap, Mine Run, Wilder 
 ness, and Spottsylvania Court-House. Was wounded in the left breast by a 
 fragment of shell at the battle of Fredericksburg, disabling the left arm so 
 
414 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 that at this time it is of little use. Was mustered out, with his regiment, 
 May 16, 1864. 
 
 At Fivdericksburg, where Colonel Baily was severely wounded, he, with his 
 regiment, led the charge of Zook s brigade ; at Chancellorsville the regiment 
 was highly complimented by General Hancock ; at Gettysburg it lost half its 
 men ; and there Colonel Baily commanded the Fourth Brigade, after the wound 
 ing of Colonel Brook. At different times he commanded every brigade in the 
 
 division. 
 
 3. Captain EUGENE F. BENEDICT. 
 
 4. Captain W. G. BOMFORD. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as First Lieutenant in the First 
 Infantry (Regular Army). Served in the Army of the Potomac through the 
 war, and is still in the Regular service. 
 
 5. Lieutenant-Colonel JACOB L. BROWER. 
 
 Captain, United States Colored Troops, serving in Department of the 
 South. 
 
 6. Lieutenant CHARLES L. BROWN. 
 
 Sergeant, Fifty-Seventh New York State Volunteers, served during war. 
 
 7. Captain W. C. BURTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, in the Regiment. Was 
 
 appointed on the staff of General Brennan, and served in the Department of 
 the South, at Key West, at Hilton Head, and in Florida. 
 
 8. Lieutenant GEORGE B. BUTLER, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 1, 1861, as private in the Second 
 Artillery (Regular Army). Was promoted in August, 1861, to be Second Lieu 
 tenant in the Third Infantry. Promoted to bo First Lieutenant, 1862. Was 
 engaged with his regiment in the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, es 
 pecially in the battles at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, with the Fifth Corps, 
 under General Sykes. Was noticed for gallant conduct in the second day s 
 battle of Gettvshurg ; in the third dav s battle he was severely wounded, 
 losing his right arm. Resigned from the service in October, 1863, having no 
 desire to remain in it after being disqualified for active duty. 
 
 9. Captain A. S. BUSH. 
 
 10. Lieutenant-Colonel W. H. CHESERROUGII. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 14, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Elev 
 enth Infantry (Regular Army), and was assigned as Aid to General Schenck, 
 commanding Ohio brigade, of Tvler s division". Served at Bull Run through 
 the whole of Rosecrans s West Virginia campaign, in its various actions in 
 1S61 ; in the Shenandoah Valley, under Fremont and Milroy and Sigel, in 
 1862, being present at the battles at McDowell and Cross Keys ; served also the 
 same year as A. A. A. G., and as mustering officer of the First Corps, and 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 415 
 
 \vas present at the actions at Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock (August 23d), 
 Freeman s Ford, Sulphur Springs, Waterloo Bridge, Centreville, Groveton, 
 and second Bull Run. January 27, 1863, was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel 
 and A. A. G., Eighth Corps, and remained on the staffs of Generals Schenck, 
 Lockwood, and Lew Wallace, who successively commanded the Middle De 
 partment and the Eighth Corps. Resigned April 26, 1864. At the first 
 Bull Run Colonel Chesebrough had his horse killed by a solid shot, and at 
 the second Bull Run had a horse killed by a bullet. 
 
 11. Colonel CLINTON G. COLGATE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 19, 1861, as Major Fifteenth Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel in 
 August, 1861, and Colonel, November, 1862. Served as Lieutenant-Colonel 
 throughout the Peninsular campaign in the Engineer Corps (General Wood- 
 bury), participating in all its battles. Joined Burnside at Falmouth, and 
 laid the pontoon bridge across the Rappahannock at the first battle of Freder- 
 icksburg, for which he was specially noticed in general orders. Was Avith 
 Hooker at Chancellorsville, and laid the pontoons across the Rappahannock 
 at Fredericksburg, Banks s Ford, and United States Ford. Mustered out, with 
 his regiment, June 20, 1863. While under orders to proceed to New York for 
 this service, he volunteered his command to cover the dismantling of the works 
 at the evacuation of Aquia Creek ; and for this service he received a letter of 
 thanks, designed for publication, from General G. K. Warren, commanding, in 
 Avhich he says that by this volunteer service " much public property and many 
 lives were saved." 
 
 12. Paymaster CYRUS R. CRANE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Paymaster. Served in the De 
 partment of the East. 
 
 13. Lieutenant GARDNER K. DOUGHTY. 
 
 Enlisted in Forty-Eighth New York Volunteers; was wounded at Olustee; 
 promoted to be a Lieutenant, and discharged at close of war. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 2, 1861, as private in the 
 Forty-Eighth Regiment, New York State Volunteers (Colonel Perry). Was 
 promoted to be First Lieutenant, June 1, 1863. Served in South Carolina, 
 Georgia, Florida, and Virginia, under Gillmore and Seymour, in the Tenth 
 Corps. Was engaged at Port Royal Ferry, Coosahatchie, Savannah River, 
 Fort Pulaski, Olustee, Chester Station, and Dairy s Bluff (Virginia), at 
 which last, place he was shot in both shoulders. Was mustered out, with his 
 regiment, December 1, 1864. 
 
 14. Lieutenant-Colonel THOMAS ELLIOT. 
 
 Captain, Bemis Heights Regiment, New York State Volunteers ; 
 
 served in Army of Potomac, and under Hooker in Western Army. Promoted 
 to Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 
416 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 15. Captain L. A. FISH. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 25, 1861, as private in Company 
 C, Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Hawkins s Zouaves). Promoted 
 to be Corporal, Oetober 1, 1861 ; to be Sergeant, August 20, 1862. Commis 
 sioned Second Lieutenant, Company E, One Hundred and Seventy -Fourth 
 New York Volunteers (Fifth Metropolitan Guards), October 21, 1862. Pro 
 moted to be Captain, Company E, July 13, 1863. Was present at the cap 
 ture of Hattcras, August 29, 1861, at the battles of Roanoke Island and Cam- 
 den, North Carolina, at South Mountain and Antietam ; in the Banks Ex 
 pedition to Louisiana, and the Port Hudson campaign, including the battle 
 at Donaldsonville, the fight at Port Hudson Plains, and the various assaults 
 and the siege of Port Hudson, and the Sabine Pass Expedition. Volunteered 
 in the forlorn hope at Port Hudson. Honorably discharged January 25, 1864. 
 
 16. Adjutant PHILIP D. GULAGER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Assistant Adjutant-General. Served 
 on the staff of General Ulmarm, in Louisiana. 
 
 17. Captain MOSES C. HAG ADORN. 
 
 18. Major-General JOSEPH E. HAMBLIN. 
 
 Entered the United Stated service, April 22, 1861, as Adjutant of Duryec s 
 Zouaves (Fifth New York Volunteers), and was commissioned May 10, 1861. 
 Promoted to be Captain, August 10, 1861. Commissioned Major of First 
 United States Chasseurs (Sixty-Fifth New York Volunteers), November 4, 
 1861. Promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel, July 20, 1862; Colonel, May 26, 
 1863; Brigadier-General by brevet, "for gallant and meritorious services at 
 Cedar Creek, Virginia," October 19,1864; Brigadier-General, May 19, 1865; 
 Major-General by brevet, for conspicuous gallantry at tlie battle of Sailors 
 Creek, Virginia, April 5, 1865. 
 
 Served in all the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, and also in the 
 Washington and Shenandoah Valley campaign, under Phil Sheridan. Was 
 at the battles of Big Bethel, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Glcndale, 
 Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Marye s Heights, Salem Heights, 
 Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania 
 Court-House (two battle^), Cold Harbor, Winchester, Fisher s Hill, Cedar 
 Creek (or Middletown), Hatcher s Run, in front of Fort Fisher on the Peters 
 burg Line, Petersburg (the final charge), and Sailors Creek, Virginia. Was 
 wounded by a rifle-ball at the battle of Cedar Creek, through the right thigh, 
 and confined three months ; but, with this exception, was constantly on duty 
 from the beginning to the end of the war, and his brigade and regiment were 
 the last ones mustered out of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 19. Lieutenant-Colonel ROBERT MoD. HART. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1862, and rose, through various grades, 
 to be Lieutenant-Colonel and Inspector-General, in the Sixth Army Corps. 
 Was killed at Cedar Creek, Virginia. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 417 
 
 20. Captain WILLIAM HOWLAND. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the One Hundred and 
 Twenty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in Virginia and 
 in South Carolina. Was wounded and honorably discharged with, his regi 
 ment. 
 
 21. Captain FREDERICK HURST. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Forty-Seventh Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers. Served in the Department of the South, in 
 South Carolina. Was wounded at the assault on Fort Wagner, and was 
 taken prisoner and carried to Charleston, where he died of his wounds. 
 
 22. Major FRANK JEFFREY. 
 
 Major Sixth Connecticut Volunteers. 
 
 23. Lieutenant EDGAR KETCHUM, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1863, as Second Lieutenant in the 
 Signal Corps, United States Army. Was on duty, in 1864, at New Market, 
 Virginia, and Georgetown, District Columbia. At the former point was 
 engaged in the repulse of Longstreet s forces, December 10, 1864. Took part 
 in Terry s capture of Fort Fisher, where the signal flags and torches were 
 a mark for sharpshooters. Had his signal-station on the parapet next day, 
 when the magazine exploded. Took an active part in the operations of Scho- 
 field and Cox against Wilmington, and was with Terry from Wilmington to 
 Raleigh. Was honorably discharged August 12, 1865. 
 
 24. Lieutenant LEWIS M. JOHNSON. 
 
 Lieutenant New York State Volunteers ; served in Army of Potomac. 
 25. Captain J. M. LEWIS, JR. 
 26. Sergeant DAVID O. LOGAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as a private in the Ninth Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers (Hawkins s Zouaves). Was promoted to be 
 Sergeant. Served in North Carolina, arid in the Army of the Potomac, in 
 the various campaigns of the regiment, and was mustered out with it at the 
 expiration of its term of service. 
 
 27. Captain HENRY W. T. MALI. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Second Lieutenant, Twentieth Massa 
 chusetts Volunteers. Was wounded at battle of the Wilderness, promoted to 
 be Captain, and discharged at close of the war. 
 
 28. Paymaster J. W. MANGAM. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 5, 1863, and was attached to the 
 Potomac flotilla. Served in blockade duty on the Potomac flotilla, under 
 Commodore Parker, on the United States steamer Eureka, and the mortar 
 schooner Matthew Vassar. Resigned, December 1, 1863, in consequence 
 of fever contracted in the service. 
 27 
 
418 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH EEGIMENT. 
 
 29. Lieutenant CHARLES F. MARSH. 
 Lieutenant Twenty-Fifth New Jersey. 
 
 30. Brigadier-General GILBERT H. McKiBBEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 9, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the Fifty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be First Lieu 
 tenant, May 16, 1862 ; Captain, and Assistant Adjutant-General United States 
 Volunteers, October 14, 1862. Brevetted Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, Colonel, 
 and Brigadier-General, " for long and distinguished services during the war," 
 December 2, 1864; and in January, 1865, was assigned to duty according to 
 his brevet rank as Brigader-General. December 9, 1864, appointed Colonel 
 of his regiment, but declined. Served with the Army of the Potomac, and 
 in North Carolina, Kentucky, and Tennessee Was present at the following 
 battles : Roanoke Island, Newbern, second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Moun 
 tain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, Knoxville, Campbell s 
 Station, Tennessee, Strawberry Plains, Tennessee, Loudon, Tennessee, Wil 
 derness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Tolapotamoy, and six of the battles 
 around Petersburg and Richmond. Was shot through the face before Pe 
 tersburg, 18th June, 1864, and thereby incapacitated for duty eighty days. 
 Mustered out of the service September 19, 1865. 
 
 31. Captain SAMUEL G. MILLIGAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain, in Kilpatrick s regiment 
 cavalry (New York Harris Light ). Served in Virginia. Died from disease 
 contracted in service on the Rapidan, in the line of duty. 
 
 32. Captain HENRY II. MOTT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 1, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Company A, Fifty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to 
 be Captain, February 8, 1862. Served in Virginia, with the Army of the 
 Potomac, Second Corps, and took active part in the battles at Yorktown, 
 Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Gaines s Mills, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, 
 White-Oak Swamp, Malven Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, second Bull Run, 
 Auburn, Bristow Station, and numerous skirmishes. Was also in the defences 
 of Washington during Early s raid in 1864. Was afterwards detailed, com 
 manding Kendall Green Barracks, at Washington ; and Acting Assistant 
 Adjutant-General at Fort Bunker Hill, District Columbia, and of Post Elmira, 
 New York ; and at New Orleans, in 1866. Was wounded in the hip, in the 
 lung, and in the right arm, the latter wound being a compound fracture, render 
 ing the arm nearly useless. Was honorably discharged September 8, 1866. 
 
 33. Lieutenant GEORGE H. PACKWOOD. 
 
 Second Lieutenant, Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteers. Served in front 
 of Petersburg, and discharged at close of war. 
 
 34. Lieutc.nant WILLIAM H. PECK. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant. Served in Quarter 
 master s Department, Army of the Potomac. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 419 
 
 35. Lieutenant AMBROSE H. PURDY. 
 
 Quartermaster. 
 
 36. Captain HERMAN G. RADCLIFF. 
 
 Entered the United States service in July, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eighteenth Infantry (Regular Army). Was with General Buell in his Kentucky 
 and Tennessee campaign, and afterwards with General Rosecrans. Took part 
 in the battle of Perryville, and commanded his company throughout the four 
 days battle of Stone River, or Murfreesboro . He was already, at this time, 
 suffering from disease contracted in the service, in the line of duty, and his 
 devotion and activity during the battle so accelerated it, that he died at 
 Murfreesboro , a few days after the battle. 
 
 37. Sergeant Louis L. ROBBINS. 
 
 Enlisted private, Twenty-Third Massachusetts Volunteers. Served in Ninth 
 Army Corps till April, 1863; transferred to Eighteenth Army Corps; served 
 till October, 1864, when he was discharged. 
 
 38. Lieutenant ALEXANDER M. C. SMITH, JR. 
 
 Lieutenant Second New York Cavalry, and transferred to Sixteenth New 
 York Artillery. 
 
 39. Lieutenant JOSEPH M. STAMFORD. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1863, as Lieutenant Company H, 
 Thirty-Eighth Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers, Colonel Sewell. Served on 
 the James River at Eort Powhatan, and was soon after made Post Adjutant 
 of Fort Pocahontas, so remaining until the close of the war. Was chiefly 
 engaged in garrison and outpost duty. 
 
 40. Captain WALDO SPRAGUE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 24, 1861, as Ensign in the Seven 
 teenth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be First Lieuten 
 ant and Adjutant, July 14, 1862 ; was promoted to be Captain, January, 1863. 
 He served throughout the Peninsular campaign under McClellan, at second 
 Bull Run under Pope, at Fredericksburg under Burnside, at Chancellors- 
 ville under Hooker, and on the White House raid under Stoneman. He was 
 shot through the body, and had his left arm broken at Bull Run. Was 
 honorably mentioned. Was mustered out of the service with his regiment, 
 June 6, 1 863. 
 
 41. Captain THEODORE STAGG. 
 
 42. Brigadier-General HENRY EDWIN TREMAIN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 13, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Second 
 New York Fire Zouaves. Served as Aide-de-Camp, on brigade staff of the 
 Excelsior Brigade, under General Sickles and Nelson Taylor on the Peninsula, 
 throughout all the battles of that campaign ; was specially mentioned in 
 brigade reports at Williamsburg for " ability " ; at Fair Oaks for " courage, 
 zeal, and ability " ; at Malvern Hill, for "zeal and gallantry " ; was transferred 
 
420 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 with the corps to Pope s army, and was engaged at Bristow Station and 
 second Bull Run, and captured at the latter battle. General Nelson Taylor s 
 report says, " His bravery and gallantry excited my admiration, and have my 
 warmest thanks" ; and "he was taken prisoner while endeavoring to check the 
 panic and the rapid advance of the enemy." He had previously been com 
 mended in official reports of " The Orchards," June 25, of Glendale, and of 
 Bristow, for " courage, devotion to duty under all circumstances, intelligence, 
 and usefulness." 
 
 Was confined in Libby Prison, among the "hostages" of 1862; was ex 
 changed and returned to Sickles s division staff, October, 1862, as Assistant 
 Inspector-General ; was present at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, be 
 ing mentioned for gallantry in latter battle. Served as Aide-de-Camp on 
 Hooker s staff, at the latter s request, until his relief by Meadc. Took part in 
 the battle of Gettysburg, on the staff of General Sickles, who there lost a leg. 
 In 1864 volunteered on General Butterfield s staff, at Chattanooga, and took 
 part in the battles at Dalton and Resaca, being specially mentioned in orders 
 for great gallantry and efficiency. Was then ordered to rejoin Sickles. In 
 November, 1864, requesting field duty of the -Secretary of War, he was ordered 
 first to General Mott s staff (Third Division, Second Corps), and then to Gen 
 eral Gregg s (cavalry) staff, afterwards General Crook s. Took part at the 
 battles of Hatcher s Run, Dinwiddie Court-House, Jetersville, Sailors Creek, 
 &c., to Lee s surrender. 
 
 On recommendation of many officers, was brevetted Major and Aide-de- 
 Camp during the Chancellorsville campaign ; Lieutenant-Colonel (March 13, 
 186")), and Colonel (June 12, 1865), for "gallant and meritorious services"; 
 Brigadier-General (November 29, 1865), " for faithful and meritorious services 
 during the war." Remained on duty in South Carolina and elsewhere after 
 the war, and was honorably discharged April 29, 1866. 
 
 43. Lieutenant WALTER RUTHVEN TREMAIN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, Second 
 New York Fire Zouaves, Seventy-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 Was commissioned afterwards First Lieutenant of the Fifty-Third Regiment 
 New York Volunteers, and was subsequently transferred to the One Hundred 
 and Thirty-Second New York Volunteers (Colonel Classen), and acted for 
 a time as Adjutant. Served at Suffolk and on the Blackwater under Gen 
 eral Peck, in 1862. His unremitting devotion to his duties on severe picket 
 and expeditionary duty was followed by a fever, which resulted in his death, 
 December 25, 1862. Almost bis last thoughts were for his country, and 
 his only regret Avas that he had " done so little for her." His service was 
 thoroughly patriotic. A strict disciplinarian, and soldierly and dignified in 
 courage, his great amiability endeared him to his brother-officers and men. 
 His regiment passed resolutions of respect to this "most efficient, prompt, 
 and promising young officer," " endeared to us by his kind, generous nature," 
 and " of the countrv a brave and noble defender." One who knew him 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 421 
 
 well writes : " Although but nineteen when he died, he was generally 
 thought to be much older. He was handsome in feature and form, graceful 
 in manner, but without affectation, sincere and true in all his relations, an 
 obedient son, a loving brother, a true patriot, and a youthful martyr to his 
 love of country and the cause of republican government." He was the 
 second son of Edwin R. Tremain of New York, and brother of General H. 
 E. Tremain. 
 
 44. Captain WILLIAM W. TRACY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 17, 1862, as Second Lieutenant 
 of the Thirty-First New York Volunteers, was promoted to be First Lieutenant, 
 January 14, 1863, and served as Adjutant from June 15 to October 14, 1863. 
 Served in the Sixth Corps in the Chancellorsville campaign, where his regiment 
 lost half its numbers. February 4, 1864, was commissioned as Captain in the 
 Twenty-Sixth United States Colored Troops, and served in South Carolina, 
 part of the time on the staffs of Generals Saxton and E. E. Potter. Was 
 engaged in the battle at Pocotaligo, and in numerous skirmishes around 
 Charleston Harbor. Was mustered out, with his regiment, August 31, 1865. 
 
 45. Lieutenant-Colonel THOMAS R. TURNBULL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant-Colonel of one of the New 
 York Metropolitan Regiments. Served in the Department of the Gulf, 
 Louisiana. 
 
 46. Captain GEORGE TUTHILL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 27, 1861, as Captain in the Ninth 
 Regiment, New York State Militia, afterwards the Eighty-Third Regiment of 
 New York Volunteers. Served in June and July, 1861, on the Upper Potomac 
 and in Virginia under Generals C. P. Stone, Patterson, and Banks. July 5 
 was detached by General Stone to a command at Harper s Ferry, with head 
 quarters at Sandy Hook. While there he received and transmitted the famous 
 disputed order of General Scott to General Patterson, to prevent the junction 
 of Johnston with Beauregard at Manassas. This order was put into the hands 
 of a courier by Captain Tuthill, and sent to General Patterson, then at Mar- 
 tinsburg, and there delivered to his Adjutant-General. The order was, as 
 nearly as I can remember, in these words : " General Patterson, General. 
 Push on with all despatch. Admit of no delay. Prevent a junction of the 
 enemy at all hazards. (Signed) Winfield Scott." July 24, was relieved by 
 Colonel Gordon with the Second Massachusetts. Left the service from sick 
 ness contracted in the line of duty. 
 
 47. Surgeon THOMAS BARNETT TUTHILL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Surgeon in the Navy. Served through 
 out the war, mostly in the North Atlantic Squadron. 
 
 48. Sergeant LEWIS C. UPDIKE. 
 
 Private, One Hundred and Seventy-Sixth New York Volunteers ; served in 
 Nineteenth Army Corps, Department of the Gulf. 
 
422 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH EEGIMENT. 
 
 49. JAMES B. VAN CLEEF, U. S. N. 
 Entered the United States service as sailor ; served with Farragut, 
 
 50. Lieutenant WILLIAM A. VERPLANCK. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant, in the Orange 
 County Regiment, New York Volunteers (Colonel Ellis). Served in the 
 Army of the Potomac. 
 
 51. Adjutant WILLIAM S. WATKINS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November, 1861, as Lieutenant of Com 
 pany K, Eleventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served at Newport 
 News, Va., until July, 1862, when his regiment was mustered out of the ser 
 vice. September 9, 1862, was commissioned as First Lieutenant and Adju 
 tant of the One Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. Served in the Department of the Gulf, and was at the engagements at 
 Plains Store, Donaldsonville, Port Hudson, c., during the campaign under 
 Banks. Resigned, on the consolidation of his regiment, March 11, 1864. 
 
 52. Captain GEORGE R. WHEATON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as a Captain in one of the New York 
 Metropolitan Regiments. Served in the Department of the Gulf, Louisiana, 
 and was discharged with his regiment. 
 
 53. Surgeon JAMES M. WILS.ON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Acting Assistant Surgeon in the 
 navy. Served under Admiral Porter. Was at the attack on Fort Fisher. Is 
 now Assistant Surgeon in the United States Navy. 
 
 54. Major ALBERT H. WINSLOW. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 4, 1861, as Captain of Company A, 
 Eighth Ohio Volunteers (mustered June 22). Was promoted November 25, 
 1861. Served in 1861 in West Virginia and the Shenundoah Valley. Octo 
 ber 26, took part in tne assault and capture of Romney, and on the 6th and 
 7th January in the affair at Blur s Gap. Served in the Shenandoah Valley 
 in the spring of 1862; was at the battle of Winchester, May 23, and in the 
 subsequent skirmishes ; was transferred to the Peninsula, and took part 
 in the repulse of the enemy on the 3d, 4th, and 5th of July. Was in all the 
 subsequent battles and skirmishes of the Army of the Potomac, in the Sec 
 ond Corps, till mustered out, July 13, 1864, amongst the more important be 
 ing Winchester, Antietam, Frederioksburg, Chancellorsville, (Gettysburg, Mine 
 Run. Cedar Run, Bristow Station, Wilderness, Brock s Cross-Roads, The Po, 
 North Anna, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, and several of the battles before 
 Petersburg. Was constantly with his regiment in the above-mentioned battles 
 and campaigns ; had command of it much of the time, and was in entire com 
 mand of it from the battle of Spottsylvania to the close of its term. Was 
 frequently honorably mentioned. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 423 
 
 55. Captain DAVID T. WRIGHT. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in the Fifty-Seventh 
 New York Volunteers. Served with his regiment in the Army of the Poto 
 mac, and in the West (Ninth Army Corps). Was promoted to be Captain. 
 
 56. Brigadier-General JOHN C. WRIGHT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 8, 1861, as Captain of Company 
 A, Fifty -First New York (Veteran) Volunteers. Promoted to be Major, 
 March 14, 1863 ; to be Lieutenant-Colonel, December 30, 1864 ; to be Colonel, 
 March, 1865, and brevetted Brigadier-General of Volunteers, March, 1865. 
 Took part in the Burnside Expedition to North Carolina, and partici 
 pated in the battles of Roanoke Island and Newbern. With his division, 
 (Reno s) joined Pope in Virginia, and was present in the action of Kelly s 
 Ford, Rappahannock Station, White Sulphur Springs, Bristow Station, second 
 Manassas, and Chantilly. Under McClcllan, took part in the battles of South 
 Mountain and Antietam ; and under Burnside, in the battle of Fredericksburg. 
 Afterwards, with Burnside, proceeded to Kentucky, and thence, under Parke, 
 to reinforce General Grant at Vicksburg. After the surrender of Vicksburg, 
 took part in the Jackson campaign under Sherman. Subsequently returned 
 with Parke s command to Kentucky, where his regiment re-enlisted. With 
 the Ninth Corps joined the Army of the Potomac, in May, 1864, and partici 
 pated in all the battles of Grant s campaign, viz. : Wilderness, Spottsylvania, 
 Cold Harbor, Jones s Farm, Bethesda Church, Tolopotomy Creek, and the 
 engagements in front of Petersburg, up to the battle of Poplar Grove Spring 
 Church. At the latter action (September 30, 1864) was taken prisoner. 
 After six months imprisonment at Richmond (Libby Prison), Salisbury, and 
 Danville, was exchanged, and rejoined his command two days after Lee s sur 
 render. Upon the arrival of the Ninth Corps at Alexandria, was assigned to 
 the command of Camp Anger, where he remained until his muster out, August 
 4, 1865. Was slightly wounded at Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Petersburg. 
 At various times performed the duties of Assistant Adjutant-General, Assist 
 ant Inspector-General, Provost-Marshal, and Assistant Engineer on General 
 Burnside s staff, and superintended the erection of the earthworks on the 
 Ninth Corps front at Petersburg. 
 
 57. Captain WILLIAM E. VAN WYCK. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 29, 1862, as Captain Company 
 F, One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Joined 
 the Banks Expedition to Louisiana. Took part in the first attempt on Port 
 Hudson, March, 1862, and in the battle at Irish Bend, Louisiana, April 14, 
 1863. Was on provost duty in Brashear City, on election duty in New York 
 (November, 1864), and received honorable mention by General Butler, and 
 was with Sherman at Goldshoro . Was acting Aid on brigade staff, June, 
 18R5. Commanded the regiment for a short time. Mustered out, with his 
 regiment, August 2, 1865. 
 
424 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 FOURTH COMPANY (D). 
 
 1. Brigadier-General WILLIAM B. BARTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Major in the Forty-Seventh 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers, and was promoted through all the grades 
 to be Brigadier-General. Served in the Department of the South. 
 
 2. Lieutenant HENRY C. BELPEN. 
 3. Lieutenant ALBERT C. BURDICK. 
 
 4. Lieutenant JOSEPH CANTRELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, February 26, 1863, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Third Regiment, United States Volunteers. Was promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant in the Eighth Regiment, Corps d Afdque, December 15, 1863. 
 Was stationed at Port Hudson and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and was on dutv 
 at Port Hudson for a short time during the siege. Was honorably discharged 
 February 15, 1864. 
 
 5. Colonel ALFORD B. CHAPMAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Captain in the Fifty-Seventh 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the Army of the Potomac. Was 
 in all the battles of the Peninsular campaign, and those in Northern Virginia 
 and Maryland, in 1862. Was severely wounded at Fredericksburg, under 
 Burnside, while in command of his regiment, and protecting the pontoon 
 bridge on the Rappahannock. Promoted to be Colonel, and served continu 
 ously in the Army of the Potomac, through all its marches and battles, until 
 the battle of the Wilderness in May, 1864, where he was killed, while in com 
 mand of the division skirmish line. 
 
 6. Ensign WALTER COOPER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1862 as Captain s Clerk on gunboat 
 Mandilla. Was promoted to be Ensign for gallantry in an engagement on 
 the Mississippi River. Was captured and confined in Libby Prison. Was 
 detailed as Secretary to Admiral Dahlgren at Charleston. Remained in the 
 service until the close of the war. 
 
 7. Captain GEORGE A. CROCKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 7, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in Company E, Fifth Cavalry (Regular Army). September 11, 1861, was 
 promoted to be First Lieutenant. October 11, 1861, was made Adjutant of 
 the Sixth Cavalry. June 27, 1862, was promoted to be Captain of Company 
 A. Served as Aid on the staff of General Keyes, in the Fourth Army Corps. 
 Served also on the staff of General Sickles, and that of General Pleasanton. 
 Served as Aid to General Buford, and was A. I. G. of First Cavalry Division, 
 Army of the Potomac. Was captured at Brandy Station, October 11, 1863, 
 and exchanged at Wilmington, North Carolina, March 1, 1865. Was hon 
 orably discharged May 15, 1865, at the expiration of the war. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 425 
 
 8. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM H. CROCKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 12, 1861, as Captain in the Sixth 
 Regiment, New York Cavalry. Was successively promoted to be Third, 
 Second, and Senior Major, and Lieutenant-Colonel. Served one year on the 
 staff of Major-General Pleasanton, commanding the cavalry of the Army of 
 the Potomac, as Assistant Inspector-General. He was relieved from this duty 
 at his own request, to take command of his regiment, which he retained until 
 January 1, 1865, when he resigned, having commanded his regiment in several 
 engagements, and been honorably mentioned. 
 
 9. Lieutenant WILLIAM E. FISKE. 
 
 10. Captain HENRY J. FOSTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in September, 1862, as Adjutant of the 
 One Hundred and Thirty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served 
 throughout the Teche and Port Hudson campaigns, and was wounded at the 
 fight before Port Hudson, May 27, 1863. Served on the staffs of Generals 
 Banks and Bowcn. Was appointed by General Banks Provost-Marshal of 
 the Parish of La Fourche, Louisiana, the largest and wealthiest in the State, 
 except Orleans. Was promoted to be Captain, and resigned in September, 1864. 
 
 11. Lieutenant S. F. B. GILLESPIE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 5, 1864, as a private in Com 
 pany B, Eightieth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Colonel Hardenburgh). 
 Promoted to be Sec-ond Lieutenant, Company I, December 1, 1864, and de 
 tailed as Assistant Provost-Marshal of prisonei-s at City Point, under General 
 Patrick. April 15, 1865, was put in command of the prisoners confined in 
 Castle Thunder at Richmond. In June, 1865, was detailed as Assistant Com 
 mandant of City Prisons at Richmond, and Assistant Provost-Marshal on the 
 staff of General Ordway, Was mustered out with his regiment, February 12, 
 1866. 
 
 12. Sergeant Louis GULAGER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as private in the Seventeenth Infantry 
 (Regular Army). Served in the Army of the Potomac and in Texas till the 
 close of the war. Was promoted to be Sergeant. 
 
 13. Brigadier-General WILLIAM GURNET. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Captain in the Sixty-Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served Avith the Army of the Potomac 
 through the Peninsular campaign of 1862. In September, 1862, was pro 
 moted to be Colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-Seventh Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers. Served at Norfolk ; served with the Army of the Potomac 
 in 1863, after Gettysburg, and in the Department of the South, at Charleston 
 Harbor. Was wounded at Pocotaligo Bridge. Was put in command of the 
 city of Charleston after its capture, and was promoted to be Brigadier-General. 
 
426 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 14. Captain EDWARD A. HARRISON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in May, 1861, as First Lieutenant in the 
 Seventy -fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Fifth Excelsior). Was 
 promoted, March, 1862, to be Captain of Company H. Served with the Ex 
 celsior Brigade in Lower Maryland, participating in Graham s Aquia Creek 
 raid and Sickles s Dumfries raid. Took part in the Peninsular campaign, was 
 at the siege of Yorktown, and thereafter in all the battles in which Hooker s 
 division was engaged, from Williamsburg to Bristow Station. At Williams- 
 burg he behaved with great gallantry, and narrowly escaped, being shot 
 through his forage-cap, the bullet grazing the skull, and severing the hair in 
 its course. At Bristow Station, in August, 1862, he lost his life, being shot 
 dead at the head of his company. A brother-officer writes of him : " He was 
 regarded by his comrades as one of the bravest of the brave. His company 
 loved him as a father. He was courteous, he was generous to a fault, and 
 would divide his last dollar with a comrade. He was a true friend. May his 
 memory be ever green in the records of the Fourth Company, for the Seventh 
 Regiment lost in him one of its noblest sons." 
 
 15. Lieutenant CHARLES R. HICKOX. 
 
 Entered the United States service in the Fifth Artillery (Regular Army), 
 and served two years as First Lieutenant in the Fifth Artillery, with the Army 
 of the Potomac. 
 
 16. Adjutant LEONARD HAY. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Second Lieutenant in the Ninth 
 Infantry (Regular Army). Was stationed in California, with his regiment, 
 during the war. Was promoted to be First Lieutenant and Adjutant. Is 
 still in the Regular Army. 
 
 17. Sergeant-Major WILLIAM A. JACKSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Sergeant in the howitzer battery at 
 tached to the Ninth Regiment, New York Militia, afterwards the Sixth New 
 York Battery. Served during the war in Army of the Potomac. Was pro 
 moted to be Sergeant-Major. 
 
 18. Sergeant JOHN JARVIS. 
 
 19. Lieutenant-Colonel EDWARD H. LITTLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 18, 1861, as First Lieutenant in 
 the Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States Chasseurs). 
 Promoted to be Captain, June 1, 1862, at Fair Oaks. Promoted to be Major, 
 September 20, 1862. Promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel, March, 1865. Was 
 on duty with his regiment throughout the war in the Peninsular campaign 
 (taking part in the siege of Yorktown and the battles of Seven Pines, Fair 
 Oaks, Charles City Cross-Roads, and Malvern Hill), and in the Maryland 
 campaign of 1862. Served at Suffolk and on the Peninsula in 1863, under 
 Generals Peck, Dix, and Keyes, and in August, 1863, in the Department 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 427 
 
 of the South, under Gillmore. Was mustered out, with his regiment, July 
 17, 1865. 
 
 20. Captain JOHN L. LITTLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant and Adjutant in the 
 One Hundred and Twenty-Seventh, New York Volunteers. Served with that 
 regiment in the Army of the Potomac and in the Department of the South. 
 Was promoted to be Captain. 
 
 21. Lieutenant A. V. B. LOCKROW. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in the Fourteenth Regi 
 ment, New York Heavy Artillery. Stationed in the fortifications near Wash 
 ington. 
 
 22. Colonel JAMES E. MALLON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant and Adjutant of the 
 Fortieth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the Army of the Poto 
 mac. Acted as Provost-Marshal successively on the staffs of Generals Ham 
 ilton, Kearny, and Sedgwick. Was promoted to be Colonel of the Forty- 
 Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, and was killed at Bristow Station, 
 while in command of the brigade of which his regiment formed part, on the 
 Uth of October, 1863. 
 
 23. Lieutenant-Colonel ALEXANDER S. MARSHALL. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as First Lieutenant and 
 
 Adjutant in the Regiment of West Virginia Volunteers. Served through 
 
 Rosecrans s campaign in West Virginia, and afterwards with Lander and 
 Shields in the Shenandoah Valley. Served through the Peninsular campaign, 
 through Pope s campaign in Northern Virginia, at South Mountain, Antietam, 
 and the first Fredericksburg. In 1863 and 1864 served at the West, under 
 Sherman, and was mustered out in July, 1865, at Washington, with Sherman s 
 army. Was promoted through the successive grades to be Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 
 24. Lieutenant A. C. MERRITT. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant, and served in the Signal 
 Corps of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 25. Lieutenant AARON J. MIXSELL. 
 
 26. Lieutenant JOHN E. MOIES. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Sergeant in Regiment of 
 
 Rhode Island Volunteers. Was promoted to be Lieutenant in Corps d Afrique. 
 Served in Louisiana, and died at New Orleans of disease contracted in the 
 service. 
 
 27. Lieutenant-Colonel SAMUEL W. MCPHERSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in May, 1862, as First Lieutenant of the 
 Fifty-Third New York Volunteers. In September, 1862, he was mustered 
 out, regiment being consolidated. Commissioned First Lieutenant of One 
 
428 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Hundred and Seventy-Fourth "New York Volunteers, in October, 1862. Went 
 in the Banks Expedition to Louisiana, and took part in the engagement at 
 Bayou Saras and the siege of Port Hudson. Resigned in consequence of dis 
 ease contracted in the service. In September, 1863, was commissioned First 
 Lieutenant and Adjutant of the Twenty-Fifth New York Cavalry ; Captain, 
 March, 1864; Major, July, 1864; and was brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel in 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious service during the war. 
 
 Served in Virginia, under Sheridan, in 1864 and 1865, until the close of the 
 war. Took part in the cavalry engagements at Ashland, Hanover Court- 
 House Landing, June 3, 1864; Jones Bridge, Charles City Cross-Roads, and 
 White-House Landing; Halltovvn and Smithfield during Early s raid ; and in 
 the action in front of Washington, July 11, 1864. His regiment charged the 
 buildings occupied by Early s sharpshooters, and cleared and burned them, to 
 give range to Fort Stevens. Was mustered out with his regiment in July, 1865. 
 
 28. Lieutenant CHARLES J. MURPHY. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as First Lieutenant and 
 Quartermaster of the Thirty-Eighth New York Volunteers. Took part in the 
 first battle of Bull Run, serving in the ranks with a musket, and was specially 
 noticed for gallantry by his superior officers. When the army retreated, lib 
 refused to leave, and remained, dressing the wounds of the wounded in his own 
 and other regiments, and was captured, sent to Richmond, and thrust into 
 prison. He devoted his whole time to caring for the wounded there, until 
 September, 1861, when he, with Colonels Ray nor and Hurd, effected the daring 
 escape famous at that time and since, and crossed Virginia alone to our lines. 
 All the commissioned and non-commissioned officers of his regiment unite in 
 a document, praising, in the highest terms, his " courage, humanity, and self- 
 sacrifice." Six of the surgeons at Sudley Church Hospital, in a public letter, 
 pronounced his devotion and activity at Bull Run " greater than that of any other 
 five men." General Shields sent word to the President that Lieutenant Murphy 
 had, " by his noble-hearted conduct as a prisoner, in aid of the wounded troops, 
 earned the praise of the whole army." Whereupon the President wrote : " If 
 there be any vacancy of a captaincy in the Regular Army not already promised, 
 let it be given to Charles J. Murphy." With this prospect, Lieutenant Murphy 
 resigned his commission in his regiment. While awaiting the commission so 
 indicated he went as a volunteer to the Peninsula, and eared for hundreds of 
 wounded, at his own expense, through the severe and trying campaign. He 
 did service to the wounded on many fields thereafter, without rank or pay, and 
 was mentioned in public documents in the highest terms, by many officers and 
 men of the Union Army. Surgeon Dunstcr wrote : " His services so freely 
 rendered, in a time of the direst confusion and distress, were of great value, 
 and have received the grateful thanks of both the men he helped to care for 
 and the officers he so nobly assisted." A soldier communicates a brief memo 
 randum, as follows : " We were strangers, and he took us in ; naked, and he 
 clothed us ; an hungered, and he gave us food." 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 429 
 
 29. Lieutenant JOSEPH NEUSTAEDTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service October, 1862, as First Lieutenant and 
 Quartermaster of the Eighth New York Volunteers. His regiment was mostly 
 on picket duty during the winter. In January, 1863, he was surprised and 
 captured, while riding with an orderly, by a body of Stuart s cavalry, and sent 
 to Libby Prison, where he was confined till May. Was then sent to Salisbury, 
 and remained till August, when he was exchanged. Resigned, November, 
 1863, his health being impaired by prison hardships. " This was the second 
 time I had enjoyed Richmond hospitality; the first was as a member of the 
 Seventh Regiment in the Monroe Excursion of 1858." 
 
 30. Brigadier-General ROBERT NUGENT. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Lieutenant-Colonel of the 
 Sixty-Ninth Regiment, New York Militia, for three months service ; was 
 commissioned Captain in the Sixteenth Infantry (Regular Army) ; served with 
 distinction through the war, and was brevetted Brigadier-General. 
 
 31. Sergeant-Major EDWARD J. OLSSEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, 8th November, 1863, as private in the 
 Seventeenth Infantry (Regular Army), and was promoted to be Sergeant- 
 Major of the regiment, April 7, 1864; served in Ayres s division of the 
 Fifth Corps ; took part in the battles of June 17 and 18 before Petersburg, and 
 was in the breastworks with his regiment thereafter till June 29, supporting 
 Battery D of the Fifth Artillery, constantly under fire; on the 18th, 19th, 
 and 21st of August took part in the battles on the Weldon Road, his brigade 
 (Hayes s) opening the battle and remaining till the close, on the 21st; at 
 Peeble s Farm (or Poplar Grove Church) his regiment was so badly cut up 
 that General Warren ordered it, at the close of the battle, into the Corps 
 Provost Guard) there being but thirty-three men left of the ninety-nine (to 
 which the regiment had previously been reduced) that went into action. Is 
 still on duty with his regiment, at last accounts, in Texas. 
 
 32. Major MORTIMER B. OWEN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 4, 1861, as Socond Lieutenant, 
 Company G, Fifty-Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers ; was promoted to be 
 Captain, December 4, 1861 ; served in the Army of the Potomac under Gen 
 erals McClellan, Hooker, Burnside, and Meadc ; participated in the siege of 
 Yorktown, the battles of West Point, Fair Oaks, Savage Station, Charles 
 City Cross-Roads, Malvern Hill, Harrison s Landing, and second Bull Run ; 
 was twice wounded ; was taken prisoner at second Bull Run ; wa< brevetted 
 Major, March 17, 1863 ; was mustered out with his regiment, October 9, 1863. 
 
 33. Lieutenant WILLIAM H. ROOME. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant ; served in the Department 
 of the South. 
 
 34. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE SANGSTER. 
 
430 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 35. Captain J. DANIEL SCHULLER. 
 
 Entered the United States service November 15, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Eighty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers ; promoted to be 
 First Lieutenant, April 19, 1862 ; served in the Third Corps under Kearny, 
 and took part in all the battles of the Peninsular campaign ; was wounded in 
 the hand in one of the Seven Days Battles ; was engaged at the second Bull 
 Run, and was there captured and sent to Libby Prison ; was recommended for 
 promotion after the Seven Days Battles, and was brevetted Captain, May 18, 
 1866 ; was honorably discharged at end of service. 
 
 36. Major FRANK K. SMITH. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the One -Hundred and 
 Twenty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers ; served in the Army 
 of the Potomac and in Department of the South; was wounded at Pocotaligo 
 Bridge ; was promoted to be Major, and mustered out with his regiment at the 
 close of the war ; served on the staffs of Generals Hatch and Schemmelpfennig, 
 commanding in Charleston Harbor. 
 
 37. Lieutenant SAMUEL J. SMITH. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in one of the New York 
 Metropolitan Regiments ; was wounded at Port Hudson. 
 
 38. Sergeant ARCHIBALD A. SNODGRASS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Sergeant in the Sixth New York Bat 
 tery ; discharged on account of disability, from disease contracted in the Penin 
 sular campaign, in 1862, 
 
 39. Colonel Z. L. SPATJLDING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in 1861, as Major in the Twenty-Seventh 
 Regiment, Ohio Volunteers ; served under Generals Grant, Rosecrans, and 
 Sherman in the armies of the West ; was promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel 
 and Colonel, and commanded a regiment at Vicksburg. 
 
 40. Captnin SAMUEL H. STARR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Fourth Company, Third 
 Regiment, Missouri Volunteers ; served in the Army of the West ; died from 
 disease contracted at the siege of Vicksburg. 
 
 41. Captain PETER B. STEEL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant in Regiment 
 
 New York Volunteers (Van Wyck Legion) ; promoted to be Captain ; served 
 in the Army of the Potomac and Department of the South. 
 
 42. Captain JOSEPH B. STEVENSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in one of the New York Metropolitan 
 Regiments ; served also in the navy. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 431 
 
 FIFTH COMPANY (E). 
 
 1. Lieutenant-Colonel THOMAS J. ADDIS. 
 Was wounded, and died in the service. 
 
 2. Captain JAMES BELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in 1861, as a private in the First Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers (Colonel Allen) ; was promoted through all the 
 grades, and was mustered out with the regiment, in 18G3, as Captain ; served 
 in the Army of the Potomac, and was in its various engagements previous to 
 June, 1863 ; rendered distinguished service, also, as a scout. 
 
 3. Captain E. I). BENEDICT. 
 Entered the United States service as Captain of cavalry ; served in Texas. 
 
 4. Captain GEORGE W. BISSELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Ninetieth Regiment, 
 New York Volunteers ; served in the Department of the South; died in 1864, 
 from disease contracted in the service. 
 
 5. Sergeant JOHN BOLTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May, 1861, as private in the Seventy- 
 Ninth Regiment (Highlanders), New York Volunteers; was promoted to be 
 First Sergeant in 1863 ; served with his regiment in Virginia, South Carolina, 
 Kentucky, Mississippi, East Tennessee, and Maryland, and took part in the 
 battles of first Bull Run, Lewinsville, Port Royal, Port Royal Ferry (Jan 
 uary 1, 1862), Secessionville, James Island, Cedar Mountain, Kelly s Ford, 
 Bull Run number two, Chantilly, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
 Vicksburg, Jackson, Blue Springs (Tennessee), Fort Sanders, Knoxville, Wil 
 derness, and Spottsylvania ; was mustered out with his regiment, May, 1864. 
 
 6. Captain WILLIAM A. BRUSLE, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 18, 1863, as Captain, Company C, 
 Thirteenth New York Cavalry ; transferred, as Adjutant, to Twenty-Fifth 
 New York Cavalry, March 23, 1864; promoted to be Captain, Company H, 
 Twenty-Fifth New York Cavalry, December 21, 1864 ; served in Virginia and 
 Maryland under Sheridan ; was present at the engagements of White House 
 Landing, Fort Stevens, Halltown, Opequan Creek, Winchester, Luray, Fort 
 Republic, Woodstock, New Town, Cedar Creek, Madison Court-House, 
 Waynesboro , and capture of Richmond ; mustered out with his regiment, 
 July 7, 1865. 
 
 7. Purser HENRY C. BRAISTED. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Purser in the United States Navy, and 
 was attached to the United States steamer Cossack, plying around Jackson 
 ville, Fernandina, Beaufort, St. Helena, Fort Pulaski, Fort Monroe, &c. ; 
 length of service, fourteen months. 
 
432 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 8. Captain C. R. CARGILL. 
 9. Captain WILLIAM COLES. 
 10. Lieutenant F. H. CORRIE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 28, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the United States Marine Corps ; promoted to be First Lieutenant, Novem 
 ber 25, 1861 ; served in the marine battalion at Port Royal in 1861 and 1862, 
 and took part in the naval assault on Fernandina, Florida, March, 1862. At 
 Fort Fisher, in December, 1864, and January, 1865, commanded the marine 
 guard of the Powhatan, flag-ship of the Third Division, the marines in both 
 engagements manning a battery of nine-inch guns ; landed on the beach below 
 Fort Fisher, January 16, 1865, and commanded a company of marines in the 
 assault of that date ; was favorably mentioned by Commodore Schenck, di 
 vision commander, in his report of the engagement. In March, 1865, while the 
 Powhatan was " repairing damages " sustained at Fort Fisher, he obtained a 
 short leave of absence, went to the front at Petersburg and Richmond, and 
 volunteered as Aidc-de-Camp to General Miles, commanding First Division, 
 Second Corps. For his services in the severe battle of the 25th March he was 
 publicly thanked on the field by General Miles, who next day wrote as fol 
 lows : " Sir, permit me to acknowledge the service rendered by you in the 
 battle of the 25th. Acting entirely in a volunteer capacity upon my staff, your 
 coolness and gallant bearing under the severest fire were calculated to give en 
 couragement to the troops, while your prompt transmittal of orders proved 
 you to be a most efficient aidc-de-carnp. Please accept my thanks for the val 
 uable assistance you afforded me yesterday in an engagement which, being in 
 an entirely different arm of the service from your own, was marked by unusual 
 spirit and seventy." 
 
 11. Lieutenant FREDERICK CREIGHTON, JR. 
 
 12. Lieutenant ROBERT EAGAN. 
 
 13. Captain EDWARD S. EARLE. 
 14. Major FRANCIS S. EARLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service June 20, 1861, as First Lieutenant and 
 Adjutant of the Fourth Regiment, Michigan Volunteers. Promoted to be 
 Major and Assistant Adjutant-General on Genei al Morell s staff, September 
 10, 1862. Took part, as Adjutant, in all the campaigns of the Armv of the 
 Potomac, from the first Bull Run to Antietam, being present at the following 
 battles : Fh*st Bull Run, Yorktown, New Bridge (on the Chickahominy), Han 
 over Court-House, Mcchanicsville, Gaines s Mills, Malvern Hill, second Bull 
 Run, and Antietam. Was wounded in the knee at Malvern In the mem 
 orable " Seven Days," in the Second Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, to 
 which he belonged, every regimental commanding officer was killed (two at 
 Gaines s Mills and two at Malvern), and the rank and file suffered propor 
 tionately. After Antietam, General Morell was assigned to the Upper Poto 
 mac, where Major Earle served till honorably discharged, May 18, 1863. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 433 
 
 15. Engineer FREDERICK ECKEL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July, 1861, as an Acting Second Assist 
 ant Engineer on board the United States steamer Saranac. Served in the 
 Pacific Squadron under Admiral Bell. Resigned at San Francisco, after two 
 years service. 
 
 16. Adjutant FRANK C. FILLET. 
 
 17. Lieutenant-Colonel Louis FITZGERALD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 1, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Com 
 pany C, Eleventh Regiment, New York Volunteers (Ellsworth Zouaves). Pro 
 moted to be Captain August 1, 1861, for gallantry at the first battle of 
 Bull Run, as stated in orders. After disbandment of the Eleventh New York 
 Volunteers, was commissioned First Lieutenant, Company K, Fortieth Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers (Mozart), January 24, 1862. March, 1862, 
 " officer of the trenches," under Major-General Hamilton, at siege of York- 
 town. Also served, on the Peninsula, as Provost-Marshal, First Division, 
 Third Corps, and as Aide-de Camp to General Kearny. June 25, 1862, pro 
 moted to be Captain, Fortieth New York Volunteers, to rank from May 26, 
 1862, " for gallantry in the battle of Fair Oaks," as stated in orders ; December 
 4,1862, Aide-de-Camp to General D. B. Birncy ; December 22, 1862, Aide- 
 de-Camp to General Foster, commanding in North Carolina ; October 26, 
 1864, Major, First Regiment, Missouri Volunteers; February 17,1866, pro 
 moted to be Lieutenant-Colonel ; August II, 1866, brevetted Lieutenant- 
 Colonel (National Guard State New York) " for faithful and meritorious ser 
 vices " during the war. Served in Third Corps ; in Eighteenth Corps (North 
 Carolina and at Fort Monroe) ; in Tenth Corps (at head-quarters in South 
 Carolina) ; in the Army of the Ohio as Aidc-de-Camp successively to the 
 major-generals commanding the Ninth Corps, the Twenty-Third Corps, the 
 Fourth Corps, and the Cavalry Corps ; in Eastern Tennessee with above com 
 mand and in Vicksburg, Mississippi, under General Dana. Was actively 
 engaged in the battles of first Bull Run, Yorktown, Peach Orchard, Wil- 
 liamsburg, Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, Monocacy, Fredericksburg, Little Wash 
 ington, North Carolina; second Newbern, Knoxville, Dandridge ; last attack 
 on Charleston and Stono Inlet; was wounded in ankle at first Bull Run; in 
 knee at Williamsburg, and in hip at Fair Oaks ; was blown up by torpedoes 
 in gunboat Hiram Barney on James River, Virginia. Honorably discharged 
 February 27, 1865. 
 
 18. Sergeant AUGUSTUS FLEET. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as First Sergeant in Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers. Took part in the Peninsular campaign with 
 the Army of the Potomac, and was killed at Fair Onks, and buried on the 
 field. 
 
 19. Major ALFRED FOOTE. 
 
 Entered the United States States service, May 14, 1861, as First Lieuten 
 ant in the Fourteenth Infantry (Regular Army). Promoted to be Captain 
 
 28 
 
434 msTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 January 18, 1865 ; Brevet Captain, August 18, 1865 ; Brevet Major, Novem 
 ber 5, 1865. Served in the Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac, under Gen 
 erals Meade, Sykes, Ayres, Hayes, Winthrop. Took part in the battles at 
 Falmouth, Chancellorsville, those of the Burnside Expedition, the Gettysburg 
 campaign, Petersburg and Weldon Railroad; on the 18th of June, 1864, be 
 fore Petersburg, was wounded in the left leg ; on the 18th of August, 1864, on 
 the Weldon Railroad, was wounded through the right shoulder, with resec 
 tion of five inches of the bone from the shoulder down. Was retired (No 
 vember 5, 1866) from active service (first-class), having partially lost the use 
 of his left leg and almost entirely the use of his right arm. Has mustered in 
 and out, in the States of New York and Louisiana, about eighty thousand 
 men. 
 
 20. Adjutant CHARLES J. FROTHINGHAM. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant and Adjutant in Con 
 necticut Artillery. 
 
 21. Captain F. GRAIN, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain. Served in the Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 22. Lieutenant LEVI GROSVENOR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, February 27, 1864, as private in the 
 Tenth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be Sergeant in 
 April, 1864, and to be Lieutenant, January 1, 1865. Served through Grant s 
 Virginia campaign of 1864 and 1865, in the Second Corps (Hancock), Carr s 
 brigade, Gibbon s (Second) division. Took part in all the battles from the 
 Wilderness to Appomattox Court-House. Was shot in the hand at Spottsyl- 
 vania Court-House. Was mustered out with his regiment, at the end of the 
 war, June 31, 1865. 
 
 23. Captain WILLIAM P. HALSTED. 
 
 Entered the United States service July 20, 1861, as Captain in the Sixty- 
 Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Became Senior Captain, and at 
 times was in command of the regiment. Served in the Sixth Corps, in Vir 
 ginia and Maryland, and took part in the battles of Williamsburg, Seven 
 Pines, Fair Oaks, White-Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, and Burnsidc s Freder- 
 icksburg. Previous to the battle of Malvern Hill he had been placed under ar 
 rest, in consequence of not taking command of his company when so ordered, 
 his ground being that he was at the time on the sick-list, and unable to per 
 form duty. When the battle commenced, feeling better, he succeeded, with 
 three other officers, in rallying about four hundred men belonging to different 
 regiments. These were formed in a regimental line, the right company being 
 placed under his command ; and the regiment under that of Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Colburn, of the staff of Major-General McClellan. The day after 
 the battle the following order came from the head-quarters of the Army : 
 " Captain William P. Halsted is released from arrest, and will report for duty 
 with his company. Whatever his conduct may have been heretofore, his be 
 havior yesterday entitles him to not only release from arrest, but to great cred- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 435 
 
 it for gallantry and efficiency. By command of Major-General McClellan, 
 A. V. Colburn, Assistant Adjutant-General." Was honorably discharged, 
 March 8, 1863. 
 
 24. Captain J. M. HAWKINS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as ; was Captain on Major-General 
 
 Augur s staff. 
 
 25. Lieutenant C. O. F. HAYNES. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the One Hundred and 
 Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was wounded at Port Hudson, 
 and discharged for disability. 
 
 26. Captain G. M. RUSTED. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Forty-Seventh Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers. Served in the Department of the South. 
 Afterwards appointed Quartermaster and stationed in New Orleans. 
 
 27. Captain B. R. KEEFLER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 30, 1861, as Captain Company 
 A, Seventy-Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in Virginia ; was 
 present at the skirmishes at Bolivar Heights and Camp Hill (May, 1862), and 
 the battles of Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock, White Sulphur Springs. 
 Bristow Station ; was acting as a field officer much of the time. Was honor 
 ably discharged May 28, 1863, on account of disease contracted in the service 
 while in the line of duty. 
 
 28. Lieutenant-Colonel J. G. KAPPNER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861. Served on General Fremont s 
 staff in Missouri. 
 
 29. Lieutenant S. M. KELLINGER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 1, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Company G, Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (United States 
 Chasseurs). Served with the regiment throughout the Peninsular campaign, 
 in all its battles from Yorktown to Malvern. Had command of his company 
 at Fair Oaks. Resigned at Harrison s Landing, on account of severe sickness 
 contracted during the campaign. In 1864 went to the Western Army, and 
 went through the campaign from Chattanooga to Atlanta, being commissioned 
 as Aid at Twentieth Corps head-qunrters, commanded by General Hooker. 
 Was at the battles of Buzzards Roost, Altoona, Kenesaw Mountain, and the 
 siege of Atlanta, entering the latter city with General Slocum and escort. On 
 the evacuation of Atlanta by General Sherman he returned to Nashville. 
 
 30. Colonel W. E. KIDDER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 16, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Thir 
 teenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Was brevctted Colonel, January 
 21, 1863. Served in the Army of the Potomac, Sixth Corps, General Sedg- 
 wick. Acted on the staff of Colonel Leonard, commanding the brigade 
 
436 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 July 1, 1862, was wounded in the left arm and hip, but did not quit the field. 
 July 3, 1862, was captured. January 12, 1863, was exchanged. Resigned, 
 January 30, 1863, on account of sickness, contracted by long and close con 
 finement in Libby Prison. 
 
 31. Lieutenant WILLIAM H. KINGSLAND. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 2, 1862, as Lieutenant in the 
 One Hundred and Twenty-First Pennsylvania Volunteers. Was captured by 
 Mosby near Fairfax Court-House. Was a prisoner eight months, being con 
 fined first in Libby and then at Andersonville, where he died of starvation. 
 
 32. Captain GEORGE W. LEWIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the Sixty- First Regiment, 
 New York Volunteers. Died at Harrison s Landing, Virginia, from wounds 
 received in the battles before Richmond in 1862. 
 
 33. Captain JOHN S. LOUD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, January 3, 1863, as First Lieutenant in 
 the Twelfth New York Cavalry. Promoted to be Captain, November 20, 
 1863. Served in North Carolina and Virginia, under Generals Foster, Ord, 
 Schofield, Cox, Kilpatrick. Took part in the battles and expeditions in the 
 former State in 1864, at Newborn, Kingston, Plymouth, Little Washington, 
 Tarboro raid (1863), Greenville, Jacksonville, and, in 1865, under Schofield 
 and Cox, at Kingston, Wise s Forks, Mosely Hall, and Goldsboro . Was de 
 tached in command of a squadron as escort to Generals Schofield and Cox, 
 February, 1865. Mustered out in July, 1865. 
 
 34. Lieutenant BENJAMIN T. MARTIN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, Com. 
 pany E, Forty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Went with Sher 
 man s Expedition to Port Royal, and was engaged at Port Royal Ferry, Janu 
 ary 1, 1862. Was promoted to be First Lieutenant for good conduct in that 
 affair. In March, 1862, was detached as A. D. C., on General Doubleday s 
 staff, and served in Virginia. Was at the battles of Gainesville, second Bull 
 Run (where his horse was shot), South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
 Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. Was mentioned in orders and in the report 
 of every battle in which the First Corps took part, up to and including Gettys 
 burg. Thence proceeded with Doubleday to Washington, and was temporarily 
 detailed as A. D. C. on Augur s staff. 
 
 35. Lieutenant S. E. L. MITCHELL. 
 36. Brigadier-General JOSEPH J. MORRISON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 27, 1861, as Captain of Company 
 A, Ninth Regiment, New York State Militia, and in December, 1861, as Cap 
 tain of Battery B, Third Regiment, New York Artillery. Promoted to be 
 Colonel of the Sixteenth New York Heavy Artillery, December 18, 186.T. 
 BJeretted Brigadier- General, United States Volunteers, March 13, 1865, "for 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 437 
 
 faithful and meritorious services during the war." Participated in the Burn- 
 side Expedition to North Carolina, in the battles at Kingston, Whitehall, and 
 Goldsboro ; in the reduction of Fort Sumter, and the captures of Fort Fisher, 
 Petersburg, and Richmond. Was mentioned in general orders by General 
 Foster, for gallantry at the battle of Goldsboro in repulsing with his battery 
 the desperate attack of Pettigrew s brigade. The Sixteenth New York Heavy 
 Artillery, raised through his exertions, was the largest ever recruited in the 
 United States, numbering three thousand and thirty-three men, of whom 
 twelve hundred were transferred to ether regiments. Mustered out August 
 30, lbG5, at the close of the war. 
 
 37. Lieutenant GEORGE W. MURRAY. 
 38. Colonel JAMES R. O BEIRNE. 
 
 39. Ensign H. M. PATTERSON. 
 Served in the United States Navy during the war. 
 
 40. Lieutenant W. A. PRENTISS, JR. 
 
 41. Lieutenant GEORGE A. PRICE. 
 
 42. Captain THOMAS J. ROBERTS. 
 43. Captain WILLIAM H. ROMAINE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in the One Hundred and 
 Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served with General Banks 
 in Louisiana, and was at Port Hudson and in the Red River Expedition. 
 
 44. Captain FRANK A. SILVA. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861. Was Captain in the First New 
 York Volunteers. Was at Big Bethel, and served on the Peninsula until 
 
 1862. 
 
 45. Major M. A. STEARNS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in April, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Company A, Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be 
 First Lieutenant and Adjutant of the Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers, August, 1861. October, 1861, promoted to be Major of the Second 
 Missouri Cavalry. Resigned, from disability, January, 1862. Appointed 
 Adjutant, Second New York Veteran Cavalry, October, 1863. Promoted to 
 be Captain in the Twenty-Fifth New York Cavalry, December, 1864. Ap 
 pointed Second Lieutenant, Eighteenth Infantry (Regular Army), April, 1865. 
 Promoted to be First Lieutenant, July, 1866. Was engaged in the battles of 
 Big Bethel, Winchester, and Leesburg (Virginia), Mill Spring (Kentucky), 
 Lexington, Pierce s Mill, and Kirksville (Missouri), and Red River campaign 
 (Louisiana). Was wounded at Kirksville and Pierce s Mill. Still in the Regu 
 lar Army. 
 
 46. Lieutenant NOAH B. STOKELY. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant in Corps d Afrique, and 
 served with General Uhlmann, in Louisiana. 
 
438 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 47. Lieutenant HENRY M. TIMOLAT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 30, 1862, as First Lieutenant in 
 the One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in 
 Maryland, Virginia, and Louisiana. Took part in numerous skirmishes in 
 Louisiana, the storming of Port Hudson, the battle of Vicksburg, and the second 
 battle of Winchester (September 19, 1864), where he was mortally wounded, 
 receiving a bullet in his breast, during a most gallant charge at the head 
 of his company, of which he had command at that time. But five survived out 
 of the eighteen men whom he took into the charge. 
 
 On the eve of battle he was suffering intensely with rheumatism, and was 
 urged to remain behind, but he would not. The last that was seen of him he 
 was limping along, urging his men forward. During two years service he 
 never asked for or accepted a furlough. He was son of an officer who had 
 served under Napoleon, and left a wife and three children. The Fifth Com 
 pany escorted his remains to Greenwood. 
 
 48. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE TUCKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 30, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Company A, Seventy-Eighth New York Volunteers. Promoted to be Major 
 and Lieutenant-Colonel, Corps d Afrique, February and March, 1863. Served 
 in Virginia, and was present at the battles of Bolivar Heights, Camp Hill, 
 Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock, White Sulphur Springs, Bristow Station. 
 His service in the Shcnandoah Valley was under Banks, Sigel, and Pope, and 
 that in Eastern Virginia under Geary. Afterwards he served in Louisiana, 
 during the Red River campaign, under General Banks. He died of disease 
 contracted in the latter campaign, at New Orleans, in the summer of 1865. 
 
 49. Captain WILLIAM H. UNDERBILL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 23, 1861, as Captain of Company 
 G, in the First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served near Fort Monroe, 
 and took part in the battle at Big Bethel, under Butler, June 10, 1861. 
 In August received an honorable discharge, on the ground of the return, 
 by active service, of physical disability, arising from an injury received in the 
 Astor Place Kiots, in 1849, while on duty there with his regiment, and from 
 severe varicose veins, which rendered him unfit for duty in the field. 
 
 50. Major PHILO VOSBURGH. 
 
 Entered the United States service November 22, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Thirty-Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers, and was promoted to 
 be First Lieutenant, August 2, 1862. Served with the Army of the Potomac 
 through all the battles of the Peninsular campaign, including Lee s Mills, South 
 Mills, Bolton s Bridge, Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, Gaines s Mills, White-Oak 
 Swamp, and Malvern ; also at Chantilly, Fairfax Court-House, Fredericksburg, 
 Marye s Heights, Salem Heights, and also through the battles of the Red River 
 campaign under Banks. Was promoted for gallant conduct on the Peninsula, 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 439 
 
 and especially for capturing the colors of the Fourteenth North Carolina Regi 
 ment, at Malvern, July 1, 1862, and was complimented on the field the same 
 day by Generals Couch and Abercrombie. Was mustered out with his regiment, 
 July 15, 1863. Was commissioned Captain of the Eighty-Fourth United States 
 Colored Troops, October 10, 1863, and served in Louisiana (frequently com 
 manding the regiment) till mustered out, August 31, 1865. Received a brevet 
 (N. Y. S. N. G.) of Major for meritorious services during the war. 
 
 51. Captain F. E. WALDRON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain in Thirty-First New York 
 Volunteers. Served two years in the Army of the Potomac, and was in all the 
 principal engagements during that period. 
 
 52. Captain JAMES L. WAUGH. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 1, 1861, as Captain in Fifth Regiment, 
 New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves). Served at Fort Monroe, Baltimore, 
 and Alexandria. Was at Big Bethel. Mustered out with his regiment, Jan 
 uary 2, 1862. 
 
 53. Captain ROBERT WHEATON. 
 
 54. Lieutenant L. L. YOUNG. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant of artillery. Served in the 
 Army of the Potomac. Was wounded and disabled. 
 
 SIXTH COMPANY (F). 
 
 1. Colonel ALEXANDER ANNAN. 
 
 Lieutenant and Quartermaster One Hundred and Third and One Hundred 
 and Twenty-Eighth Regiments, New York Volunteers. Captain Third Rhode 
 Island Volunteers. 
 
 2. Captain HENRY ARNOLD. 
 
 Captain, Forty-Seventh Regiment New York Volunteers, Company K. 
 Killed at the battle of Olustee, Florida, February 20, 1863. He was a brave 
 and efficient officer. 
 
 3. Major-General LEWIS T. BARNEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service in January, 1862 (at the age of seventeen 
 years) as a voluntary Aid to General T. W. Sherman, Department of the South. 
 Took part in the various reconnoissances in South Carolina and Georgia, and 
 in the Florida Expedition of Dupont and Wright. October 11, 1862, was com 
 missioned First Lieutenant Sixty-Eighth New York Volunteers. Acted as 
 Aid to General Saxton and Assistant Inspectoi -General in the Tenth Corps, 
 Department of the South. Was present at the battles at James and Morris 
 Islands and Fort Wagner. Was made Captain and Assistant Adjutant-Gen 
 eral, and, March 24, 1864, was commissioned Colonel of the One Hundred 
 and Eightieth New York Volunteers. Took part in the fight at Bloody Bridge 
 
440 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 (South Carolina), and was there wounded. In July, the One Hundred and 
 Eightieth was consolidated, and he was commissioned Colonel of the One Hun 
 dred and Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers. On duty under Butler in the 
 New York elections, and took part in the battle of Cedar Creek. In January, 
 1865, resigned in consequence of his injuries received at Bloody Bridge. Was 
 made Brigadier-General by brevet, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war. At this time he was twenty years of age. Was bre- 
 vetted Major-General. Was frequently mentioned and thanked in orders. 
 
 4. Colonel CHARLES G. BARTLETT. 
 
 Captain, Twelfth Regiment, United States Infantry, Brevet Lieutenant- 
 Colonel United States Army, Colonel United States Colored Troops. 
 
 5. Lieutenant JAMES W. BENKARD, JR. 
 
 Lieutenant, United States Volunteers. Aide-de-Camp to Generals King and 
 Augur. 
 
 6. Captain JABEZ H. BRADBURY. 
 
 Captain, Fourth Regiment, Missouri Cavalry. Chief of staffof General Asboth. 
 
 7. Major CLARENCE S. BROWN. 
 
 Major, United States Volunteers. Aide-de-Camp to General McDowell. 
 8. Lieutenant GEORGE L. BROWNING. 
 
 Lieutenant, Fourteenth Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 9. Captain CHURCHILL J. CAMBRELING. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April, 1861, as Lieutenant in the Fifth 
 New York Volunteers, Duryee s Zouaves. Was engaged in a skirmish at New 
 County Bridge, and afterwards led the assault with a small detachment at Big 
 Bethel. Was recommended for " bravery and good conduct at the battle of 
 Great Bethel," in Colonel Duryee s report, and also "for gallant conduct in 
 action," in Captain Kilpatrick s report. Promoted to be Captain, September 3, 
 1861. At Yorktown, in 1862, was assigned to the command of Battery No. 
 13, his company serving as siege artillerists. Served during the Peninsular 
 campaign, under General McClellan. Was present and in command of his 
 company in all the battles of the Chickahominy, from Hanover Court-House to 
 Harrison s Landing, including the Seven Days Battles, Mechanicsville, Gaines s 
 Mills, Malvcrn Hill, &c., &c. Was recommended by Colonel Duryee for gal 
 lantry and good conduct at the battle of Gaines s Mills, 17rh June, 1862, and 
 was recommended for promotion by Major-Generals G. K. Warren and Fitz- 
 John Porter. Elected Major of Tenth Senatorial District Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers, but owing to prolonged sickness, the result of exposure and 
 hardship, was prevented from qualifying in the regiment. Resigned commis 
 sion in consequence of continued ill health in the fall of 1862. 
 
 10. Captain SAMUEL CAREY. 
 
 Lieutenant United States Volunteers. Aide-de-Camp to General W. F. 
 Smith. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 441 
 
 11. Lieutenant-Colonel LYNDE CATLIN. 
 
 Captain Fifteenth Regiment, United States Infantry; Brevet Major, United 
 States Artillery; Lieutenant-Colonel, United States Volunteers; Assistant 
 Inspector-General to General Lew Wallace. 
 
 12. Captain P. R. CHADWICK. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in 1861, as Adjutant of the One Hun 
 dredth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Took part in the Peninsular cam 
 paign in 1862, and was present in all the battles. December 31, 1862, was com 
 missioned Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General, and was assigned to duty in 
 the Department of the South, serving on the staffs successively of Generals 
 Seymour, Gillmore, and Hatch, and taking part in the operations thereof, 1863 
 and 1864, until his resignation, April 2, 1864. 
 
 13. Lieutenant-Colonel FLOYD CLARKSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 11, 1861, as Major, in the 
 Sixth New York Cavalry. Served in Virginia, in the Peninsula, at Peach 
 Orchard (or Allen s Farm), Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp, and Malvern 
 Hill. Resigned October, 1862. April 7, 1863, was commissioned Major of 
 the Twelfth New York Cavalry. Served in North Carolina, and took part in 
 Foster s raids to Warsaw, Kenansville, Rocky Mount, Tarboro , c. In June, 
 1864, was Inspector-General of Newbern. In the spring of 1865 took a con 
 spicuous and gallant part in the series of battles in the movement of Schofield 
 and Cox upon Wilmington. Was brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel for services. 
 
 14. Captain POINSETT COOPER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 1, 1861, as Second Lieuten 
 ant in the Second Regiment, New York State Militia, or the Eighty- 
 Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was appointed and mustered 
 in as First Lieutenant, in the Forty-Second Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers, March 17, 1862; promoted to be Captain, September 17, 1862; ap 
 pointed Assistant Inspector-General, June 1, 1863, First Brigade, Second 
 Division, Second Army Corps. Served under Generals Stone, Sedg- 
 wick, Sumner, Howard, Couch, Gibbon, Hancock, Webb. Was always 
 with the Second Army Corps, from the time General McClellan took com 
 mand. He was engaged at Ball s Bluff, siege of York town, Fair Oaks, 
 Savage Station, Glcndale, Malvern Hill, and the skirmishes during the 
 seven days retreat from front of Richmond to Harrison s Landing, second 
 Bull Run, Antietam, Frcdericksburg, Bristow Station, Mine Run, Gettys 
 burg, and Wilderness. Was wounded in the foot at Antietam. Was wounded 
 in the thigh at Bristow Station. Was wounded in the leg st the Wilderness, 
 and, on being carried to the rear, was shot by guerillas in the breast. Was 
 mustered out of service, July, 1864, with his regiment, at the expiration of its 
 term of service, and being unfit for duty from the wounds received at the Wil 
 derness. 
 
442 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 15. Captain EDWARD A. COWDREY. 
 
 Captain Ninety-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Mortally wounded 
 at Five Forks, Va. 
 
 16. Major FRANK H. COWDREY. 
 
 Captain and Brevet Major, United States Volunteers. Assistant Adjutant- 
 General to General Hayes. 
 
 17. Captain EDWARD COZZENS. 
 
 Left Leavenworth, June 20, 1861, with the brigade of Regulars under com 
 mand of Major S. D. Sturgis, and was appointed by General Nathaniel Lyon 
 Acting Assistant Quartermaster, and Acting Assistant Commissary-Sergeant, 
 July 31, 1861, with rank of Captain. Acted as Aid to Major Sturgis at the 
 battle of Wilson s Creek, Mo., and was complimented in his official report of 
 the battle. Afterwards served on the staff of General J. McKinsty as Acting 
 Assistant Commissary-Sergeant of his division in Fremont s campaign in 
 Missouri. Resigned, and entered the First United States Chasseurs (Sixty- 
 Fifth New York Volunteers) as Second Lieutenant, March 12, 1862. Pro 
 moted to be First Lieutenant, August 1, 1862 ; Captain, December 1, 1862. 
 Participated in the battles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Gaines s 
 Mills, Turkey Bend, Malvern Hill (where he had command of the color com 
 pany), Antietam, Fredericksburg, Maryc s Heights, Salem Church, Gettysburg, 
 Rappahannock Station, and Wilderness. Was wounded while on the skir 
 mish line at the Wilderness battle. Was discharged, with his regiment, Sep 
 tember, 1864. 
 
 18. Captain JAMES D. W. CUTTING. 
 
 Captain, United States Volunteers. Aide-de-Camp to General McDowell. 
 
 19. Lieutenant-Colonel Louis L. CUVILLIER. 
 
 Captain, Fifty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Brevet Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, United States Volunteers. 
 
 20. Captain ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS. 
 21. Lieutenant CHARLES N. DUBOIS. 
 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. 
 
 22. Captain ROBERT S. DUMONT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 19, 1861, in the Fifth Regiment, 
 New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves). Raised the first company for 
 that regiment, and was mustered in as Captain, April 25, 1861. Went to the 
 Peninsula with the regiment. Was stationed at Camp Hamilton, Hampton, 
 Va., in Butler s department, and was thanked by General Butler in general 
 orders, for a reconnoissance made by a part of the company under his com 
 mand, immediately previous to the battle of Big Bethel. Was prostrated by sun 
 stroke, and obliged to resign on account of his health, October 1, 1861. Re 
 ceived the appointment of secretary to Rear- Admiral C. H. Bell, commanding 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 443 
 
 United States naval forces in the Pacific Ocean, December 11, 1861, with the 
 rank of Lieutenant in the navy. Was appointed Judgc-Advocate-Gcneral of 
 the Pacific Squadron, May 9, 1863. Resigned, on account of continued ill 
 health, March 1, 1864. " 
 
 23. Brigadier-General JACOB E. DURYEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as First Lieutenant in the 
 Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves), and distinguished 
 himself at Big Bethel, being shortly afterwards made Captain. In 1862 he 
 was promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Maryland Volunteers, 
 and he commanded this regiment through Burnside s campaign in North Caro 
 lina, and Pope s in Northern Virginia, and was at South Mountain and An- 
 tietam. He was brevetted Colonel and Brigadier-General for gallant and 
 meritorious services. 
 
 24. Captain GEORGE P. EDGAR. 
 
 Entered the United States service August 1,1861, on the staff of General 
 Fremont, in Missouri, as Assistant Adjutant-General, with the rank of Cap 
 tain ; as such served at the battle of Fredericktown, Mo., and at the post of 
 Cape Girardeau, Mo., until the General was relieved of his command. From 
 December 1, 1861, to July 10, 1862, was Captain and Aide-de-Camp on 
 the staff of Major-General John A. McClernand, of Illinois, at Fort Don- 
 elson, and thereafter until compelled to retire by an attack of the typhoid. 
 After recovering, he received, July 10, 1862, a commission as Captain and 
 Additional Aide-de-Camp on General Wool s staff, and was assigned to Ma 
 jor-General Lew Wallace for duty, with whom he served until April 21, 
 1863, when he was mustered out of the service by the Secretary of War. 
 January 6, 1864, he was reinstated and ordered to report to Major-General 
 Butler for duty. During that interim was volunteer Aide-de-Camp to Gen 
 eral Judah, at the battle of Buffington Bar, Ohio, with John Morgan, in 
 July, 1863. 
 
 April 29, 1864, his resignation as Captain and Additional Aide-de-Camp 
 was accepted. Was highly recommended for gallantry and efficiency by Gei^ 
 erals McClernand, Plummer, N. B. Buford, Lew Wallace, Judah, and others. 
 
 25. Captain JOSEPH S. EDSALL. 
 Captain, Eleventh Regiment, Missouri Cavalry. 
 
 26. Lieutenant C. H. ELLINGWOOD. 
 Lieutenant, First Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 27. Lieutenant ASHER M. ELLSWORTH. 
 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth New York Volunteers. Quarter 
 master. Died in front of Port Hudson, at the siege in 1863. 
 
 28. Captain JOEL B. ERHARDT. 
 
 Captain, Vermont Cavalry. Captain and Provost-Marshal, Fourth District, 
 New York. 
 
444 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 29. Lieutenant JAMES F. EVANS. 
 Lieutenant, Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Duryee Zouaves). 
 
 30. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE W. FORD. 
 
 Major, Fiftieth Regiment, New York Volunteers, Engineers ; Brevet Lieuten 
 ant-Colonel, United States Volunteers. 
 
 31. Lieutenant JAMES W. FORD. 
 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Thirty-Second Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. 
 
 32. Lieutenant G. W. FORNEY. 
 
 33. Brigadier-General JOHN A. FOSTER. 
 
 Colonel, One Hundred and Seventy-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers; 
 Brevet Brigadier-General, United States Volunteers. 
 
 34. Captain JOHN W. FRENCH. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 24, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Eighth United States Infantry. Was on mustering and recruiting ser 
 vice till June 1, 1863. Served with regiment in the field and in New York 
 till December 18, 1863. Was Aide-de-Camp to Brigadier-General Stannard, and 
 Pass Officer of the city and harbor of New York till May 1 , 1 864. Served 
 with regiment in the field till June 1, 1864. Commissary of Musters, Second 
 Division, Ninth Army Corps, till January 13, 1865. Aide-de-Camp to Briga 
 dier-General R. Ingalls, Chief Quartermaster, armies of the United States, till 
 October 1, 1865. Served with regiment till November 20, 1866. Appointed 
 Adjutant, Eighth Infantry, January 31, 1866. Promoted First Lieutenant, 
 January 13, 1866. Adjutant-General, military command of North Carolina, 
 from October 1, 1866, till November 20, 1866. Appointed Captain, Fortieth 
 Infantry, November 20, 1866, to date from July 28, 1866. B revetted First 
 Lieutenant and Captain, for gallant and meritorious service, in the battles of 
 Weldon Railroad and Hatcher s Run. Engaged in all the battles of the cam 
 paign of 1864. Was with General Grant s staff on duty, as Aid to General 
 Ingalls during the last campaign, and at Lee s surrender. In January, 1865, 
 volunteered to sink, with the assistance of a navy officer, two schooners in 
 Trent s Reach, James River, under Hovvlett House Battery, to prevent the 
 Rebel iron-clads from descending the river. This was successfully accomplished, 
 General Ingalls, speaking of the latter exploit, says : " Captain French served 
 on my staff with great credit and gallantry. I had sent him, by order of the 
 Lieutenant-Gencral, up the river with vessels laden with coal, to sink two 
 on the night of the 25th to fill up the gap made in the obstructions. He per 
 formed the service under the enemy s guns with great gallantry. This service 
 was of the highest importance, and was performed under many hardships and 
 perils, at the time the Rebel iron-clads attempted to descend the James." 
 
 35. Lieutenant JAMES GORDON, JR. 
 Lieutenant, Fourth Regiment, United States Colored Troops. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 445 
 
 36. Captain S. AUGUSTUS GOULD. 
 Aide-de-Camp to General Steele. 
 
 37. Captain CHARLES C. HAIGHT. 
 
 Captain, Thirty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 38. Lieutenant EDWARD L. HALSTED. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 15, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 in the Fortieth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was detailed to the signal 
 corps, and served with Banks in the Shenandoah Valley on staffs of Generals 
 Crawford, Hatch, and Sullivan. Served also at Loudon Heights; on the 
 Potomac flotilla; on Pony Mountain, near Culpepper Court-House; and af 
 terwards successively on staffs of Generals Merritt, Sedgwick, Wright, Sheri 
 dan, and Torbert. Resigned January 5, 1865. 
 
 39. Lieutenant-Colonel RICHARD F. HALSTED. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 14, 1861, as Major of the Fortieth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers. April 26, 1863, was appointed Captain and 
 Aide-de-Camp to General Sedgwick. Served always with the Army of the Po 
 tomac until its dissolution ; then went to Department of Texas. Served, as 
 staff officer, with Major-Generals John Sedgwick and H. G. Wright ; and 
 under division commanders Heintzelman, C. S. Hamilton, and Kearny, and, 
 before organization of Army of Potomac, under Fr.-mklin. Served in the Sixth 
 Corps, temporarily in the Second and Ninth, General Sedgwick having been 
 assigned to those before taking command of the Sixth. With this corps made 
 the Shenandoah Valley campaign. Was engaged at Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, 
 the Seven Days, Fredericksburg second (Sixth Corps alone, rest of army 
 at Chancellorsville), M^rye s Heights, Salem Heights, Gettysburg, Rappahan- 
 nock Station, Wilderness, and following days till death of Sedgwick, May 9. 
 Came home with his remains. Returned June 1. Cold Harbor (two engage 
 ments), Winchester or Opequan, Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, assault on 
 Petersburg, Sailors Creek, besides skirmishes such as Mine Run, Locust Grove, 
 movement against Early at Washington, crossing of Shenandoah River by 
 Sixth Corps, etc. Was brevetted Major and Lieutenant-Colonel of Volun 
 teers, and resigned July 1, 1866. 
 
 40. Captain WILLIAM P. HALSTED. 
 
 Captain in the Sixty -Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 41. Mnjor-General CHARLES SCHUYLER HAMILTON. 
 Major- General, United States Volunteers. 
 
 42. Lieutenant JOHN F. HARDY. 
 
 Lieutenant, Thirty -Fourth Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. 
 
 43. Captain HENRY W. HICKS, JR. 
 
 Captain, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 Mortally wounded in front of Port Hudson, La. 
 
446 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 44. Lieutenant-Colonel SAMUEL J. HOPKINS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 29, 1862, as Captain in the 
 Seventh Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. Served until April, 1864, in Mott s 
 (Third) Brigade, Second Division, Third Army Corps, and afterwards, till 
 end of war, in Second Brigade (Mott s), Third Division, Second Corps. Mus 
 tered out with regiment October 7, 1864. Commissioned Captain and Lieu 
 tenant-Colonel, Fortieth Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers, early in 1865. Was 
 in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, McLean s Ford, Kelly s Ford, 
 Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Peters 
 burg, Deep Bottom, Strawberry Plains, and other actions around Petersburg. 
 Was slightly wounded at Chancellorsville, and again at Spottsylvania. His 
 regiment captured five stands of colors at Andersonville. 
 
 45. Captain FRANCIS A. HOWELL. 
 Captain, One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 46. Colonel HARMON D. HULL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 9, 1861, as Captain in the Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (Dm*yee s Zouaves). Was promoted to be 
 Major, September 7, 1861, and Lieutenant-Colonel, October 29, 1862. Was 
 appointed Colonel to raise the One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers, in October, 1862. Commanded his company at Big Bethel, 
 and served throughout the Peninsular campaign. Resigned on account of 
 ill health, January 22, 1863. 
 
 47. Lieutenant JOHN L. HYDE. 
 
 48. Captain JULIAN JAMES. 
 
 Captain, United States Volunteers ; Aide-de-Camp to General G. K. War 
 ren. 
 
 49. Major Rurrrs KING, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 5, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the Fourth Artillery (Regular Army), and was promoted to be First Lieuten 
 ant. Served in West Virginia with Rosecrans, and throughout the Peninsular 
 campaign, in all its battles. At White-Oak Swamp, the Captain of his bat 
 tery (Hazard) having been mortally wounded soon after the battle began, he 
 took command of it (an eight-gun battery), and prevented the enemy from 
 building a bridge over the swamp until the retreat of our forces had been 
 secured to Harrison s Landing. The battery (A) lost nearly half its num 
 ber in killed and wounded, under a concentrated fire from twenty pieces 
 massed by the enemy. He was brevetted Captain " for gallant and meritori 
 ous conduct at White-Oak Swamp." Took part, with his crippled battery, 
 at Malvern Hill. Took part in the battles of Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 and Aniietam, the battery being attached to the Second Corps, and in every 
 battle of the Army of the Potomac, except Gettysburg, he being furloughed 
 for sickness at that time, but arriving, at the end, having crossed the enemy s 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 447 
 
 lines with despatches from W. F. Smith, at Harrisburg, to General Meade. 
 Operated with the cavalry after Gettysburg, commanding his battery, which 
 had been selected as one of the " Horse Batteries." Thereafter, engagements 
 were daily during campaigning seasons, and he participated in all the engage 
 ments. Also participated in General Sheridan s raid, which was a succession 
 of battles from the Wilderness to Cold Harbor, just before the army crossed 
 the James, when his battery being crippled from severe service, it was sent to 
 Washington to recuperate, where he remained with it until the end of the war. 
 Has been recommended for brevets by Generals Sunnier, Hancock, Pleasanton, 
 and Gregg. Was brevctted Major for gallant and meritorious services during 
 the war. 
 
 50. Lieutenant-Colonel SAMUEL B. LAWRENCE. 
 
 Entered the United States service (to rank May 14, 1861) as First Lieuten 
 ant, Sixteenth Regiment, United States Infantry, filling vacancy caused by 
 death of Theodore Winthrop, killed in battle at Big Bethel. Promoted to be 
 Captain, May 3, 1862. Served in the Army of the Cumberland under Generals 
 Buell and Rosecrans during their campaigns in 1861, 1862, and 1863. From 
 March to August, 1863, was assigned to duty as Commissary of Musters for 
 the Twentieth Army Corps, and attached to the staif of General McCook, 
 also temporarily assigned as Chief Commissary of Musters for the Army of 
 the Cumberland, under Rosecrans. August, 1863, assigned to duty at the 
 War Department, Washington, as assistant to Colonel Fry, Provost-Marshal- 
 General. March, 1864, assigned to duty as Assistant Adjutant-General of the 
 Eighth Army Corps, and appointed Chief of Staff to General Lew Wallace, 
 commanding the Middle Department and Eighth Army Corps, and continued 
 as such until the corps was disbanded and the Middle Department abolished, 
 after the surrender of the Rebel armies, when he resigned his commission in 
 the Regular Army, which was accepted to date August 14, 1865. He received 
 brevet commissions as Captain, United States Army, " for gallant and meri 
 torious service at the battle of Shiloh, Tennessee, 1862"; Major and 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, United States Army, " for faithful and meritorious 
 services during the war." 
 
 51. Brigadier-General WILLIAM HUDSON LAWRENCE. 
 Entered the United States service May 14, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Four 
 teenth United States Infantry. Promoted to be Captain, Fourteenth Infantry, 
 November, 1861 ; to be Colonel, Thirty-Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, Sep 
 tember, 1863. Brevet Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, United States 
 Army, June, 1865. Brevet Brigadier-General, United States Volunteers, 
 August, 1865. Served on the Peninsula under Fitz John Porter, Fifth Army 
 Corps ; remained in this corps, under Generals Meade and Sykes, until June, 
 1863. Served in Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama in Sixteenth 
 Army Corps, under General A. J. Smith, from November, 1863, until the end 
 of the war. Took part in the battles of second Bull Run, Antietam, Freder- 
 icksburg, Chancellorsville. Accompanied A. J. Smith on his expedition after 
 
448 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Forrest to Jackson (Tennessee). Commanded Columbus, Kentucky, when 
 it was summond to surrender by part of Forrest s command, under General 
 A. B u ford, April 13, 1864. At the siege of Mobile, taking part in the attack 
 of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, was engaged in numerous skirmishes- 
 Captured the notorious guerilla "Jim Kersterson," of Tennessee, killing and 
 destroying his band. Was slightly wounded at second Bull Run, and sun- 
 struck on the inarch to Gettysburg, Virginia. 
 
 Was mentioned in General Grant s report of the operations of the army for 
 the last year of the war, for his refusal to surrender Columbus, Kentucky ; and 
 for the same, by all the public journals about April 14, 18G4; mentioned by 
 the Committee on the Conduct of the War for same, and for refusing to receive 
 Rebel flags of truce at Columbus, Kentucky, after the Fort Pillow massacre. 
 The garrison of Columbus, Kentucky, on the morning- of the demand for its 
 surrender, was under one thousand effective men, when the minimum garrison 
 require ! for the two forts was three thousand. He was reinforced shortly after, 
 wards by about five thousand of the ninety days troops, mostly from Illinois. 
 Was ordered to the command of Maryfield, Kentucky, in September, 1864, 
 when that post was threatened. " During his whole service continually met 
 members of the Seventh Regiment, New York National Guard, holding high 
 positions, doing honor to themselves and country." Resigned in August, 
 1865, the war having ended. 
 
 52. Captain MORTIMER LIVINGSTON. 
 Captain, One Hundred and Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 53. Captain THEODORE MALLABT, JR. 
 
 Examined and passed as Second Lieutenant for Signal Corps, United States 
 Army, October, 1863. Commissioned, July 15, 1864. Served in Tennessee 
 during the Avar, in Texas after the war. Distinguished himself in operations 
 with Stoneman arid Wilson in their extended cavalry expeditions of 1865, and 
 received warm commendations in the report of the chief signal officer, Depart 
 ment of Cumberland. He carried the War Department despatches from 
 Washington to Macon, to General Wilson, ordering the capture of Jefferson 
 Davis. Served as Aide-de-Camp to General Gibbsin Texas. Honorably dis 
 charged February 7, 1866. 
 
 54. Major EDWATID MARRENNER. 
 
 Major, United States Volunteers, Assistant Adjutant-General to Major-Gen- 
 eral Hancock. 
 
 55. Colonel THOMAS B. MARSH. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 18, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 First United States Voltigeurs, afterwards Fifty-First New York Volunteers. 
 Promoted First Lieutenant, Fifty-First New York Volunteers, March 14, 1862. 
 Captain, September 30, 1862. Major, December 31, 1864. Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 April 29, 1865. Brevet-Colonel, United States Volunteers, "for gallant and 
 meritorious services during the war," March 13, 1865. Served in North Car- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 449 
 
 olina, Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi, and was on 
 the staffs of Major- Generals Reno, Parke, Burnside, Wileox, Potter, Sedgwick, 
 and Smith. Was in the battles of Ronoake Island, Newborn, Fort Macon, 
 Clark Mountain, Kelly s Ford, second Manassas, Chantilly, Frederick, South 
 Mountain, Fredericksburg, siege of Vicksburg and Jackson, Loudon, Camp 
 bell Station, siege of Knoxville and Fort Sanders, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, 
 first and second North Anna, Tolopotomy Creek, Bethesda Church, Cold 
 Harbor, First Petersburg, Petersburg mine explosion, Petersburg final attack. 
 Mustered out August 5, 1865. 
 
 56. Sergeant GEORGE L. MIDDLEBROOK. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 7, 1864, in the Forty-Eighth Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be First Sergeant Company I, 
 June 4, 1865. Served in Second Brigade, Second Division, Tenth Corps, 
 first under Butler at Chapin s Farm, Virginia, and then under Terry in the 
 North Carolina campaign. Mustered out September 1, 1865. 
 
 57. Major LINDLEY M. H. MILLER. 
 Major, United States Colored Troops. Died in the service, June, 1864. 
 
 58. Colonel CHARLES L. NORTON. 
 Colonel, Seventh Regiment, United States Colored Troops. 
 
 59. Captain GEORGE H. PALMER. 
 
 Captain, United States Volunteers, Aide-de-Camp to General Rosecrans. 
 
 60. Lieutenant-Colonel TATTNALL PAULDINO. 
 
 Captain, Sixth Regiment, United States Cavalry ; BrevetLieutenant-Colonel, 
 United States Army. 
 
 61. Paymaster CHARLES B. PERRY. 
 Assistant Paymaster, United States Navy. 
 
 62. Major HORATIO POTTER, JR. 
 
 Captain, Seventh Regiment, New York Artillery; Brevet Major, United States 
 Volunteers. 
 
 63. Captain JAMES P. RAYMOND. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 10, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Ninetieth New York Volunteers. Adjutant, December 13, 1861; Captain, 
 August 16, 1861. Post Adjutant and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General 
 eight months. Served in South Carolina and Florida under Generals Bran- 
 nan, Hunter, and Mitchell. Resigned April 13, 1863. Commissioned Captain 
 in One Hundred and Thirty-Fiust New York Volunteers, September 12, 1863. 
 Served in Louisiana and in Shenandoah Valley, Nineteenth Corps. Was 
 mentioned for gallantry at Winchester and Fisher s Hill. Mustered out July 
 26, 1865. 
 
 29 
 
450 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 64. Lieutenant S. H. ROBBINS. 
 Lieutenant. Aide-de-Camp to General Butterfield. 
 
 65. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM H. ROOMS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 17, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Sixty-Fifth New York Volunteers. December 14, 1861, was promoted to 
 be First Lieutenant and Adjutant. On April 11, 1863, was commissioned by 
 the President Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General. On the 19th Sep 
 tember, 1864, for services at the battle of Winchester, was brevetted Major 
 and Assistant Adjutant-General ; and for general services was brevetted 
 Lieutenant-Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General from November 19, 1864. 
 Was in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac from Yorktown to Peters 
 burg, missing no skirmish or battle in which his regiment was engaged, 
 until, January 18, 1865, he resigned on account of severe wounds. Was also 
 in the Shenandoah campaigns, with the Sixth Corps. General Upton, in 
 his report of Winchester, says (September 19, 1864): "Captain William P. 
 Roome, Assistant Adjutant-General, Second Brigade, distinguished himself 
 b} repeated acts of gallantry. Without hint or suggestion he hastened wher 
 ever danger was the most threatening, and by his personal example contrib 
 uted greatly to the success of the day. I have never known in battle an officer to 
 do his duty more nobly or efficiently." General McKenzie said (October 11, 
 1 864) : " I have the honor to transmit the following names of officers for brevet 
 rank for gallant service in the action and at the date set opposite their namrs. 
 .... Captain William P. Iloome, Assistant Adjutant-General, to be 
 Brevet Major and Assistant Adjutant-General, for gallant and merito 
 rious conduct at the battles of Opequan or Winchester, and Fisher s Hill, 
 September 19 and 21, 1864 If any of these mentioned deserve pro 
 motion more than the others, I would especially call attention to the name of 
 Captain William P. Roome, Assistant Adjutant- General." General Up 
 ton wrote, October 30, 1864, to the Secretary of War: "He served 
 in the Sixth Corps in nearly all of its battles up to July, 1864, when 
 he was assigned to my brigade, joining it with a high reputation for zeal, gal 
 lantry, and integrity. At the battle of Winchester, when, by the disaster of the 
 Nineteenth Corps, the fate of the day seemed to hang upon the conduct of the 
 last reserve thrown into action, so conspicuous was his gallantry and so marked 
 were his services, that on the field, and in the presence of his brother-officers, I 
 promised to do all in my power to secure his promotion. Later in the day, 
 when the successful attack was made, he was again wherever the presence of 
 a staff officer was most necessary, and bore important orders with a zeal that I 
 have never seen surpassed. In every official report, as division commander, 
 I made special mention of him, and recommended his immediate promotion. 
 On all occasions, whether in his office, in camp, or campaign, or in battle, 
 Captain Roome has proven himself a brave, efficient, and patriotic officer." 
 The same officer wrote to Captain Roome : " I will state as a simple fact, that 
 not only were you the best Adjutant-General I ever had, but that I saw little, 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 451 
 
 if any, space for improvement. Your habitual promptness and zeal, the 
 alacrity with which you performed every duty, and, above all, the coolness and 
 intrepidity you displayed in battle, won my highest admiration and regard." 
 General Shaler wrote to President Lincoln : " In fitness for the rank of Major 
 and Assistant Adjutant-General, I know of no superior in the service." Gen 
 eral Hamblin wrote : " On the field he has ever acted with distinguished gal 
 lantry, particularly at Malvern Hill, Gettysburg, battles of the Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania, and Cold Harbor." He was severely wounded at the battle of 
 Cedar Creek in the valley of the Shenandoah, on the 19th of October, 1864. 
 The ball entered about one half inch from the hip-joint, and passed through 
 the lower part of abdomen, a dangerous wound, causing long suffering. 
 
 66. Major PHILIP SCHUYLER, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 14, 1861, as First Lieutenant. 
 United States Infantry (Regular Army). Appointed Regimental Adjutant, 
 November 5, 1861, and so remained till appointed Captain, July, 1863, 
 Brevetted Major, United States Army, to date from April 9, 1865. Served in 
 the Army of the Potomac, in the early part of the campaign of .1862, the lat 
 ter part of campaign of 1863, and through the campaigns of 1864 and 1865; 
 was present at the battles of Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilder 
 ness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg (June 16 and 17, 
 1864), Burnside s Mine, Weldon Railroad, second Hatcher s Run, Fort Sted- 
 man, Boydton Plank-Road, Five Forks, Petersburg (April 2, 1865), Amelia 
 Court-House, and surrender of General Lee. Acted during 1863, 1864, and 
 1865 as Acting Assistant Adjutant- General and Chief of Staff to Provost- 
 Marshal-General, Army of Potomac and Department of Virginia, and was 
 Acting Provost-Marshal-General, Army of Potomac, from November 24, 1864, 
 to March 16, 1865. Resigned June 30, 1865, at close of war. Was brcvetted 
 Major, United States Army, " for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 recent operations resulting in the fall of Richmond, Virginia, and the sur 
 render of the insurgent army under General Robert E. Lee, to date from 
 April 9, 1865. 
 
 67. Colonel ROBERT G. SHAW. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in the 
 Second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Served with his regiment in 
 Virginia. At Cedar Mountain was Aid to General Gordon. In the charge of 
 his regiment on that field twenty-two young officers went in, of whom 
 thirteen were killed or wounded, five left dead on the field. He was engaged 
 at Antietam, and was commissioned, January, 1863, Colonel of the Fifth 
 Fourth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, raised by Governor Andrew, and 
 the first colored regiment ever recruited under State authority. Served in 
 South Carolina, and took part with his regiment in the battle of James Island. 
 On the 19th of July, 1863, he headed with his regiment the famous storming 
 column at the assault of Fort Wagner. When about one hundred yards from 
 the fort the Rebel musketry opened with such terrible effect, that for an in- 
 
452 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 stant the first battalion hesitated, but only for an instant ; for Colonel Shaw, 
 springing- to the front and waving his sword, shouted, "Forward, Fifty- 
 Fourth ! " and with another cheer and a shout, they rushed through the ditch, 
 and gained the parapet on the right. Colonel Shaw was one of the first to 
 scale the walls. He stood erect to urge forward his men, and while shouting 
 for them to press on was shot dead on the parapet. A stalwart negro-man 
 had fallen near him. The Rebels said the negro was a color-sergeant. The 
 Colonel had been killed by a rifle-shot through the chest, though he had re 
 ceived other wounds. Brigadier-General Haygood, commanding the Rebel 
 forces, said : " I knew Colonel Shaw before the war, and then esteemed him ; 
 had he been in command of white troops, I should have given him an honor 
 able burial. As it is, I shall bury him in the common trench, with the 
 negroes that fell with him." 
 
 68. Lieutenant W. M. G. SHAW. 
 
 Lieutenant, Forty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 69. Captain ALEXANDER E. SHELDON. 
 
 Captain, Fourth United States Infantry, Regular Army. 
 70. Captain AUGUSTUS SMIMMEL. 
 
 Entered the United States sen-ice, June 18, 1861, as Lieutenant and Quarter 
 master, Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be Captain 
 and Acting Quartermaster, United States Volunteers, February 19, 1862. 
 Served nearly four years in Virginia and Georgia, and resigned, April 22, 
 1865, in consequence of physical disability contracted in the field. Was 
 present at the battles of Bull Run, Cross Keys, Strasburg, Culpepper, 
 (Slaughter Mountain), Waterloo Bridge, White Sulphur Springs, Warren- 
 ton, Manassas, Frederickshurg, Chancellorsville, Chattanooga, Kingston, 
 Resaca, Big Shanty, Kenesaw Mountain, Chattahoochee River, Atlanta, 
 Savannah. Was mentioned by Generals Ingalls and Steinwehr, for u valor 
 and energy in protecting our property," the occasion being an attack by 
 Stuart s cavalry on the field-train of the Eleventh Corps, then (August 23 
 1862) under his care at Catlctt s Station. He formed his train in hollow 
 square, and with a guard of twenty men of the Forty-Fifth New York Volun 
 teers repulsed the attack. 
 
 71. Lieutenant CHARLES G. SMEDBERG. 
 
 Lieutenant, Fourteenth Regiment, United States Infantry. Died in camp, 
 near Falmouth, Virginia. 
 
 72. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM R. SMEDBERG. 
 
 Captain, Fourteenth Regiment, United States Infantry. Brevet Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, United States Army. 
 
 73. Chaplain J. TUTTLE SMITH. 
 Entered the United States service as Chaplain in the Regular Army, and 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 453 
 
 was assigned to the Ladies Home United States Army General Hospital," 
 where he remained until its close in June, 1865. Resigned, Surgeon P. A. 
 O Connell indorsing the resignation as follows : " Reverend J. Tuttle 
 Smith has been on duty at this hospital since May, 1862. During the first 
 year his services were wholly gratuitous, and he has been constant and in 
 dustrious in the discharge of his duties since. During the whole period of his 
 connection with the hospital he has devoted both time and money to the bene 
 fit of the soldiers." 
 
 74. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM W. STEPHENSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 22, 1862, as Captain, Com 
 pany C, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 Served in the Nineteenth Corps, Virginia and Louisiana. Promoted to be 
 Major, July 26, 1865 ; brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel, May 9, 1866, for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the war. Served in various engagements in 
 Louisiana, and under Sheridan, and on the staffs of various general officers as 
 
 Aide-de-Camp. 
 
 75. Lieutenant HENRY A. STILL. 
 
 Lieutenant, Fifty-Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 76. Captain EDWARD C. STURGIS. 
 
 Captain, One Hundred and First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Aide-de- 
 Camp to General Heintzelman. 
 
 77. Adjutant CHARLES T. SUTTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 22, 1861, as Adjutant of the Thirty- 
 Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was elected Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 but not appointed Served through the Peninsular campaign, and was 
 specially engaged at Williamsburg, Mechanicsville, and Golden Farm. Was 
 also engaged at Drainesville and Crampton Pass, and at Antietam com 
 manded his regiment for a time. Resigned, from disease contracted on the 
 Peninsula, October 29, 1862. 
 
 78. Captain DEFOREST H. THOMAB. 
 Captain, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 79. Captain GOULD H. THORP. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 6, 1862, as First Lieutenant, 
 One Hundred Sixty -Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers ; September 18, 
 
 1862, promoted to.be Captain. Served in Louisiana, under General Banks 
 (Nineteenth Corps), at battle of Pentachoula (or Clinton Cross-Roads), Baton 
 Rouge, Port Hudson, and " New Iberia campaign," Louisiana. Mentioned 
 in orders for gallant conduct while commanding skirmishes at Pentachoula, 
 Louisiana. Wounded three times while charging on Port Hudson, May 27, 
 
 1863, and was in hospital ten months .from his wounds. Resigned March 
 14, 1864, in consequence of ill health. 
 
454 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 80. Lieutenant FREDERIC A. TRACY. 
 
 Lieutenant, Twelfth Regiment, United States Infantry. Died in the United 
 States service June 3, 1862. 
 
 81. Captain FANNING C. TUCKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant, Company I), One 
 Hundred and Third Regiment, New York State Volunteers, February 18, 
 1862. Promoted to captaincy of Company H, April 4, 1862. Served under 
 Generals Burnside in North Carolina, Pope in Virginia, and McClellan in 
 the Maryland campaign. Was wounded at the battle of Antietam, Septem 
 ber 17, 1862, and left the service soon after, in consequence of disability from 
 
 wounds. 
 
 82. Captain WILLIAM GRACIE ULSHOEFFER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 4, 1861, as First Lieutenant and 
 Adjutant, Thirty-Sixth New York State Volunteers. Promoted to be Cap 
 tain, November 12, 1861. Detached as A. A. A. G., on the staff of General 
 Devens, September 10, 1861, and A. D. C. to General John Newton, com 
 manding Third Division, Sixth Corps, from October, 1862, till mustered out 
 with his regiment, June 30, 1863. Took part in all the engagements in which 
 his division participated, with the exception of Malvern Hill. 
 
 83. Lieutenant WILLIAM HENRY VANCE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 15, 1862, as First Lieutenant, 
 One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth New York Volunteers (Second Duryee Zou 
 aves). Acted as Adjutant of regiment, and commanded color company at 
 assault on Port Hudson, May 27, 1863, where he was wounded by grape-shot 
 in the left breast. Relieved from sentence of court-martial (disobedience of 
 orders), by special order of President Lincoln, for "gallantry in action." 
 Was A. I. G. and A. D. C. to General Nickerson, at Port Hudson. Served 
 in various other engagements in Louisiana. Honorably discharged, February, 
 1864. 
 
 84. Lieutenant CHARLES F. VAN DUSER. 
 
 Lieutenant, Twelfth Regiment, United States Infantry. Killed at Gaines s 
 Mills, on the Peninsula. 
 
 85. Lieutenant JAMES H. VAN NOSTRAND. 
 
 Lieutenant, Third Regiment, New Jersey Cavalry. Died a prisoner of war 
 at Lynchburg, Virginia. 
 
 86. Major PHILIP L. VAN RENSSELAER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 7, 1862, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Company F, Second New Jersey Cavalry. Promoted to be Captain, Septem 
 ber 8, 1862, and to be Major of same regiment, September 8, 1863. Served 
 in all the States in rebellion except two, viz. North and South Carolina, but 
 principally in the Southwest and in the Department of the Gulf and Military 
 Division of West Mississippi, under Grierson, A. J. Smith, Banks, Canby, 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 455 
 
 Mower, and Sheridan, principally employed in raiding through the country, 
 destroying railroads, crops, and military stores, fighting guerillas, and skir 
 mishing with detachments. Was at one time on duty on Canby s staff as As 
 sistant .Provost-Marshal-General of the division. Resigned June 27, 1864. 
 
 87. Captain GEORGE R. VERNON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in 1861, and served as A. D. C. at 
 battles of Big Bethel and Bull Run, Virginia. Joined Fourteenth United 
 States Infantry, September 29, 1862. Promoted to be Second Lieutenant, 
 February 27, 1863; First Lieutenant, June 18, 1864; Quartermaster and 
 A. C. S., First Battalion, Fourteenth Infantry, October 7, 1865 ; Brevet 
 Captain, October 27, 1864; Captain, May 24, 1867. Engaged in battles 
 of Big Bethel, Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Mine Run, Gettysburg, Wapping 
 Heights, Beverly Ford, Rappahannock Station, defences of Washington, 
 1864. Chapel House, sieges of Yorktown, Fredericksburg, Petersburg, and 
 Richmond. Brevctted Captain, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
 Poplar Grove Church and Hatcher s Run." In the field at the surrender of 
 General Lee s army, April, 1865. Is still in the Regular Army. 
 
 88. Lieutenant JAMES B. VOSE. 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 89. Captain ROBERT WARREN. 
 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers ; 
 Captain, One Hundred and Forty-Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers; 
 Aide-de-Camp to General Warren. 
 
 90. Master BENJAMIN S. WEEKS. 
 
 Entered the United States Navy, September 2, 1861, as Master s Mate. Pro 
 moted to be Acting Master, December 21, 1861. Took part in the bat 
 tles below New Orleans, and those at Vicksburg and Fort Fisher. Was 
 captured at Sabine Pass, September 8, 1863, and held as prisoner of war eleven 
 months. Resigned April, 1865, at close of war. 
 
 91. Lieutenant EDWARD W. WEST. 
 
 Lieutenant, First Regiment, United States Artillery; Aide-de-Camp to 
 General Hooker. 
 
 92. Lieutenant ROSWELL WESTON. 
 
 Lieutenant, First Regiment, United States Sharpshooters. 
 
 93. Paymaster F. A. WHEELER. 
 Assistant Paymaster, United States Navy. 
 
 94. Engineer GEORGE H. WHITE. 
 Assistant Engineer, United States Navy. 
 
 95. Colonel WILLIAM W. WINTIIROP. 
 
 Major and Judge Advocate, United States Volunteers ; Brevet Colonel, 
 U. S. A. 
 
456 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 96. Surgeon WILMER S. WOOD. 
 Assistant Surgeon, United States Volunteers. 
 
 97. Lieutenant GEORGE W. YOUNG. 
 
 SEVENTH COMPANY (G). 
 
 1. Captain R. S. ALCOKE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 20, 1861, as Fifth Sergeant, 
 Company K, Fifty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to 
 be First Sergeant, September 8, 1862; First Lieutenant, September 17, 1862; 
 and Captain, January 1, 1864. Served in the Third Brigade (French, Zook, 
 McDougall), First Division (Richardson, Hancock, Caldwell, Barlow, Miles), 
 Second Corps (Sumner, Couch, Hancock), and took part in the battles of Fair 
 Oaks, Gaines s Mills, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp, 
 Malvern Hill, Antietam, Pontoon Bridge at Fredericksburg, Chaticellorsville, 
 Gettysburg, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Petersburg. Lost his left arm at the 
 elbow, at Fredericksburg. Was shot through the right breast and lung with a 
 minie-ball at Petersburg, and was mustered out October 17, 1864, for disa 
 bility. 
 
 2. Captain C. A. ALVORD, JR. 
 
 Served in the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 3. Lieutenant-Colonel SMITH W. ANDERSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, March 3, 1864, as Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 Ninety-Third Regiment, United States Colored Infantry. Served under Gen 
 eral Franklin in the Nineteenth Army Corps, chiefly in Louisiana and in 
 guerilla fighting. Was wounded in the neck in a skirmish in the Teche country. 
 Mustered out at end of war, July 5, 1 865. 
 
 4. Captain T. H. ANNABLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 18, 1861, as Captain, Twenty- 
 Sixth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Served in the Department of 
 the Gulf, under Generals Butler, Banks, and Franklin. Was engaged at 
 La Fourche Crossing, Lafayette, Pleasant Hill, Sabine Cross-Roads. Served 
 on staff of Generals Franklin, Sherman, and Emory. Honorably discharged, 
 February 18, 1864, in consequence of disease contracted in service, while in 
 line of duty. 
 
 5. Captain EDWIN BISHOP. 
 
 6. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE BISHOP. 
 
 7. Captain EDWIN BLUNT. 
 8. Lieutenant A. SCHUYLER BOGART. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the First United States Chasseurs, Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volun- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 457 
 
 > 
 
 teers. Served under General McClellan on the Peninsula, and was mortally 
 wounded in the knee at Fair Oaks. He was sent to New York, June 7, and 
 died June 23, 1862, in the 23d year of his age. His commission as First 
 Lieutenant, a promotion for gallant conduct, reached his friends at the time of 
 his death. "Note. He was a gallant fellow, and, had he heen spared, would 
 undoubtedly have made his mark. J. H. KEMP, for Committee of Seventh 
 Company." 
 
 9. Brigadier-General R. N. BOWERMAN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 27, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eleventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be Captain, October 
 4, 1861 ; Lieutenant-Colonel, Fourth Regiment, Maryland Volunteers, August 
 1, 1862; Colonel, March 27, 1863. Was brevetted Brigadier-General, United 
 States Volunteers, April 1, 1865. Served throughout the war, from Bull Run 
 to Five Forks, and took part in the battles of first Bull Run, Savage Station, 
 Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Tolopotomy Creek, Cold Harbor, Weldon Rail 
 road, White-Oak Ridge, Newport News, White-Oak Swamp, Laurel Hill, 
 North Anna River, Bethesda Church, Norfolk Railroad, Dabney Mills, Five 
 Forks. Was wounded by a minie-ball through right arm at the capture of 
 the Weldon Railroad, August 21, 1864. Again wounded through the left 
 arm at the battle of Five Forks, April 1, 1865, while in command of the 
 Second Brigade, Second Division, Fifth Corps. Commanded the Maryland 
 brigade in General Warren s Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac, as follows : 
 battles around Spottsylvania Court-House in May, 1864; after the first day 
 at Laurel Hill ; at the battle of Dabney Mills (second Hatcher s Run), Febru 
 ary 6, 1865; and again at the battle of Five Forks, Virginia, April 1, 1865. 
 Was brevetted Brigadier-General for this battle, upon recommendation of Gen 
 eral R. B. Ayres, Division Commander. Was mustered out, May 31, 1865, 
 and commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel, Thirty-First Infantry, United States 
 Army, October 10, 1866. Is still in the army. 
 
 10. Paymaster C. J. BRECK. 
 
 Entered the United States service as secretary to Commodore Baldwin, 
 United States ship Vermont, which position he occupied for about two years. 
 
 11. Captain A. H. BRITTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August, 1862, as First Lieutenant, Com 
 pany K, One Hundred and Forty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 Promoted Captain in 1863, and was honorably discharged in January, 1865. 
 
 12. Colonel H. S. CHATFIELD. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 30, 1861, as Captain Forty-Third 
 Regiment, New York State Volunteers. Transferred to Seventy-Eighth Regi 
 ment, New York Volunteers, as Captain, August 23, 1863. Promoted to be 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, November 23, 1863 ; Lieutenant-Colonel (by consolidation) 
 of One Hundred and Second Regiment, New York Veteran Volunteers, July 12, 
 1864; Colonel, June 5, 1865. Served in Virginia (Keyes s corps) and at the 
 
458 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 West (Twelfth Corps). Took part in the Peninsular campaign, and in cam 
 paigns from Chattanooga to Atlanta, from Atlanta to Savannah, from Savannah 
 to Raleigh. Took part in the battles of Lee s Mills, Yorktown, Williamsburg, 
 Golden Farm, Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp (McClellan s seven days 
 change of base), Wauhatchie, Lookout Mountain, Mill Creek Gap, Resaca, 
 Pine Knob and Lost Mountain, New Hope Church (or Dallas), Culp s Farm, 
 Kenesaw Mountain, Peach-Tree Creek, Savannah, Bentonville, N. C. His 
 regiment was the first to enter Savannah, 3 A. 11., December 21, 1864. Was 
 mustered out with regiment, July 21, 1865. 
 
 13. Major J. N. COYNE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the Eighty-Seventh New York Volunteers. Soon resigned (the regiment 
 delaying its organization) and made his way to the Excelsior Brigade, then at 
 Lower Potomac, and was mustered in as a private of Company B, of the First 
 Excelsior Regiment, July 22, 1862 (having previously declined a commission 
 offered in the Fourth Regiment). Served through the Peninsular campaign, 
 Was Fourth Sergeant at Williamsburg, and commanded company. Next day, 
 was promoted to be Second Lieutenant, and was mentioned by Colonel Dwight 
 for gallant and conspicuous conduct. At Fair Oaks, commanded company, 
 and received flesh-wound in right arm. Was mentioned " for bravery and 
 meritorious conduct." Was captured at Savage Station, but exchanged before 
 the second Malvern. At Bristow Station was mentioned in Hooker s report. 
 At second Bull Run received flesh-wound in the hip. December 27, 1862, was 
 made Second Lieutenant. Was at Fredericksburg and at Chancellorsville. Was 
 promoted to be Adjutant at Gettysburg. Received a scalp-wound there, and 
 was mentioned as follows : "Adjutant J. N. Coyne, First Regiment Excelsior 
 Brigade, particularly distinguished himself for coolness and bravery during 
 the most trying moments, and fully sustained the high character won in pre 
 vious actions." At Wapping Heights had a horse shot under him, and was 
 promoted to be Captain. Took part in the actions at Cold Harbor and those 
 around Petersburg, until June 24, 1864. Was mustered out with regiment, 
 July 1, as Captain of color company. Was appointed Captain in Hancock s 
 new (First Veteran) corps, and resigned June 12, 1865. Was brevetted 
 Major. 
 
 14. Lieutenant-Colonel ABRAHAM DENIKE. 
 
 Joined Company G, Fifth New York Volunteers (Duryee s Zouaves), and 
 was commissioned Captain, April 20, 1861. Served with the regiment 
 under Butler, and was at Big Bethel, being senior Captain. Resigned Sep 
 tember 6, 1861. Was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fifty-Third 
 Regiment, June 6, 1862, and recruited and organized the same. The regiment 
 was consolidated with others, and he resigned October 12, 1862. 
 
 15. Major E. DONALDSON. 
 Entered the United States service, September 26, 1861, as Second Lieu- 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. V 459 
 
 tenant, Eleventh New York Volunteers (Ellsworth s Zouaves); First Lieutenant 
 February 15, 1862. Mustered out with regiment, June 2, 1862. November 
 20, 1862, commissioned Second Lieutenant, Sixth New York Heavy Artillery; 
 First Lieutenant, June 1, 1863; Captain, April 25, 1864 ; Brevet Major, New 
 York Volunteers, January, 1865. Served in the Second, Third, Fifth, Sixth, 
 and Twenty-Second Corps. Was engaged in the battles of Wapping Heights, 
 Laurel Hill, Todd s Tavern, Po River, Salient, Harris s Farm, North Anna, 
 Bethcsda Church, Petersburg, Cedar Creek, and served in the Shenandoah 
 campaign also from September, 1864 to January, 1865. Was A. A. G. of 
 " Kitching s brigade," honorably mentioned by Meade, and served in other 
 staff capacities. Mustered out August 24, 1865. 
 
 16. Sergeant H. DUNCAN. 
 17. Captain JAMES DURYEE. 
 
 18. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM B. C. DURYEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service as First Lieutenant, Third Maryland 
 Volunteers, and detailed as Aid to General Duryee, June 11, 1862 ; was made 
 Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General, United States Volunteers ; was at 
 battles of Rappaliannock, Thoroughfare Gap, second Bull Run, South Moun 
 tain, and Antietam, at which last he received a severe gunshot wound ; served 
 afterwards on staff of General Wqjbb ; at Bristow Station received special men 
 tion for " coolness and bravery." At Mine Hun his horse was shot under him ; 
 here he was mentioned for " prompt efficiency." Resigned from the effects of 
 his wounds, December 24, 1863. 
 
 19. Major EDWARD EDDY, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 6, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Com 
 pany A, Forty-Seventh Regiment, New York State Volunteers ; was promoted 
 Captain, April 29, 1862, and Major, September 29, 1863; was in Sherman s 
 expedition to Port Royal, November, 1861 ; present at battle of Port Royal 
 Ferry, January 1, 1862; General Benham s operations on James Island, 
 South Carolina; battle of Secessionville, June 16, 1862; captured by the 
 enemy near Warsaw Sound, Georgia, March 23, 1863 ; exchanged, May 10, 
 1863 ; present at Gillmore s operations on Morris Island, South Carolina, and 
 assaults on Fort Wagner; then appointed Acting Assistant Inspector-General 
 to General Seymour s expedition to Florida; present at battle of Olustec, Feb 
 ruary 20, 1864; then appointed Acting Assistant Inspector-General, Second 
 Division, Tenth Army Corps, forming part of the Army of the James ; was 
 present at all the engagements of that corps during campaign of 1864, in 
 cluding battles of Swift s Creek, Drury s Bluff, Petersburg, explosion of the 
 mine in front of Petersburg, battles at Deep Run, Appomattox Creek, Fort 
 Harrison, Cold Harbor, Chapin s Farm, &c. ; was mentioned in official re 
 ports; resigned October 20, 1864. 
 
460 ^ HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 20. Lieutenant JOHN H. GARDNER, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service in September, 1862, as Commissary, with 
 the rank of First Lieutenant, in the Third New York Cavalry; he joined the 
 regiment at Newborn, North Carolina, and remained with it at and in the 
 vicinity of Newbern for eight months, when he resigned. 
 
 21. Lieutenant J. GRAHAM GARDNER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1864, as Adjutant in the Fourth United 
 States Colored Troops, and served as Assistant Aide-de-Camp on the staff 
 of General Duncan, in Army of the James. Was at battle of New Market. 
 Resigned October 13, 1864. 
 
 22. Lieutenant W. F. GEISSE. 
 23. Captain LEWIS B. GOODNOW. 
 
 24. Colonel E. R. GOODRICH. 
 25. Brigadier-General CHARLES A. HARTWELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 5, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eleventh Infantry, United States Army. Appointed Battalion Adjutant, 
 Eleventh Infantry, October 16, 1861 ; brevetted Captain, United States Army, 
 June 27, 1862, for battle of Gaines s Mills, Virginia; brevetted Major, United 
 States Army, June 14, 1863, for battle of Port Hudson, Louisiana ; brevetted 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, United States Army, Mjjrch 13, 1865, for services during 
 the war; appointed Colonel, Seventy-Seventh United States Colored Infantry, 
 afterwards Tenth United States Colored Artillery (heavy), December 1, 1863; 
 brevetted Brigadier-General, United States Volunteers, March 13, 1865, for 
 services during the war. Mustered out of volunteer service February 22, 
 1867, and promoted Captain, Eleventh Infantry, United States Army, October 
 4, 1866. Served with the Eleventh Infantry in the Army of the Potomac, from 
 the beginning of the war until taken prisoner, while wounded, at Savage 
 Station, Virginia, June 30, 1863. After having been released from Rich 
 mond, was assigned to duty as Aide-de-Camp to General Banks, and accom 
 panied him to Louisiana. Remained with Banks until the capture of Port Hud 
 son ; served as Aide-de-Camp on staff of General Ayres for short time ; was 
 twice mentioned in orders for official services ; participated in the battles of 
 Mechanicsville, Gaines s Mills (wounded in the thigh), Savage Station (taken 
 prisoner), Rappahannock Station, Bristow Station, Port Hudson, Louisiana, 
 27th of May and 14th of June ; Red River campaigns of 1863 and 1864. Is 
 still in Regular Army. The company committee add : " The following in 
 dorsement is written upon Colonel Hartwell s discharge from volunteer service, 
 dated February 22, 1867 : Character without blemish as a gallant soldier and 
 honorable gentleman. PHILIP H. SHERIDAN, Major-General, United States 
 Army." 
 
 26. Captain E. J. HENRY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eleventh New York Volunteers; Captain, February, 1862; honorably dis- 
 
KOLL OF HONOR. 461 
 
 charged, June, 1862 ; Captain, One Hundred and Twenty-Seventh New York 
 Volunteers, August, 1 862 ; served in Virginia and North Carolina (see Captain 
 Allison s record, in Second Company), in all the engagements of his regiment. 
 At Devaux Neck was wounded in right foot, permanently disabling it ; was 
 mentioned in general orders for services at the attack on James Island batteries ; 
 served also at Suffolk, Virginia, during the siege, in Dix s movement on the 
 Peninsula, and at Diascund Bridge ; also at Honey Hill, Salkahatchie, and 
 Coosahatchie ; commanded a battery on Morris Island. Mustered out, July 
 
 17, 1865. 
 
 27. Lieutenant T. W. B. HUGHES. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Second Lieutenant, "Union 
 Coast Guard," afterwards Ninty-Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers; was 
 in the Burnside Expedition to North Carolina, and was at battles of Roanokc 
 Island, and was complimented for his service with his naval battery. After the 
 capture of Winton, Lieutenant Hughes was engaged at Newbcrn, and was 
 severely wounded in that action, his naval battery suffering severely. He was 
 mentioned with praise in General Foster s report of the action, and (an un 
 usual thing) in the official report of Secretary Welles. Resigned, on account 
 of wounds and sickness, August, 1862. Was offered a commission as Major, 
 and one as Lieutenant-Colonel, but was incapacitated by his wounds from 
 service. 
 
 28. Quartermaster WILLIAM D. HALE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 in Quartermaster Department. 
 Served under Colonel Herman Biggs, Chief Quartermaster of the Burnside 
 Expedition, and was on duty in North Carolina under Generals Burnside and 
 Foster; was transferred to Department of the Gulf under General Banks, 
 and was stationed at Baton Rouge until he resigned his position in July, 1 864. 
 
 29. Major ROBERT A. HUTCHINS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September, 1862, as Captain and Assistant 
 Adjutant-General, First Division, Ninth Corps. Was brevctted Major for gal 
 lant and meritorious conduct at the bnttle of the Wilderness, December 4, 1864. 
 Served in all the campaigns and battles of the Ninth Corps, East and AVest, 
 particularly at South Mountain, Fredericksburg, Blue Spring (Tennessee), 
 Strawberry Plains (Tennessee), Weldon Road, Antietam, second Fredericks- 
 burg, Walker s Ford, Wilderness, Peeble s Farm, and battles in front of Peters 
 burg, besides a large number of skirmishes. In the battle of the Wilderness he 
 was severely wounded in the groin W a minie-ball, while gallantly rallying the 
 broken troops of a division of the Ninth Army Corps. He submitted to three 
 painful operations for this wound. Was mustered out, August, 1865. Was men 
 tioned for distinguished gallantry, for coolness and presence of mind in every 
 general engagement in which he participated, by the commanders under whom 
 he served, and was particularly mentioned for distinguished gallantry by 
 General Willcox, in his report of the battle of the Wilderness. 
 
 30. Lieutenant JAMES H. INGERSOLL. 
 
462 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 31. Brigadier- General SAMUEL B. JONES. 
 
 32. Major P. C. KINGSLAND. 
 
 33. Captain Louis H. LENT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 5, 1861, as Captain of Com 
 pany A, Forty-Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in De 
 partment of the South, South Carolina and Georgia, under Generals T. W. 
 Sherman, Hunter, O. M. Mitchell, and Gillmore, in Tenth Army Corps. 
 Was engaged in taking of Port Royal, Fort Pulaski, and Morris Island. Fell, 
 shot through the heart, at Morris Island, July 10, 1863, while acting as Major, 
 and leading a forlorn hope on a charge of Rebel rifle-pits. Buried on the field. 
 [" A gallant soldier and gentleman." Com.] 
 
 34. Colonel JOHN P. LEVERICH. 
 35. Captain JAMES H. LOUNSBERRY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 23, 1861, as a private in the Fifth 
 Regiment (Duryee Zouaves), New York State Volunteers. Promoted to be 
 First Sergeant, May 9, 1861 ; First Lieutenant, September, 1861 (General 
 Orders Number 102, Head-quarters Army) ; Captain, August 30, 1862. Was 
 present at Big Bethel, and the whole of the Peninsular campaign ; was taken 
 down with the fever in the swamps of the Chickahominy. Rejoined the regi 
 ment, after Antietam, serving in all its campaigns until mustered out, at 
 expiration of service, May 14, 1863. 
 
 36. Sergeant THOMAS II. MILLEN. 
 
 37. Captain L. R. McDoNOUGH. 
 
 38. Captain GEORGE A. MOREY. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as Lieutenant Company E, 
 Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers (Fifth Excelsior). Was 
 promoted to be Captain. Served with the Excelsior Brigade on the Lower 
 Potomac, in command of river picket-boats, opposite enemy s positions at 
 Shipping Point and Aquia Creek, and was in all expeditions sent out from 
 that point. Joined McClellan s army at Cheesman s Landing, in 1862: 
 fought in battle of Williamsburg, and part of time commanded the regiment 
 during that battle The brigade and regiment were both highly complimented 
 in orders for their behavior in that action. Fought through Fair Oaks and 
 Seven Pines, and was then employed in engineer duty in the swamps until 
 ptricken down with malarial fever, of which he died about 23d June, 1862. 
 His last words were, " O, my poor boys ! " His last thought was of his 
 company. 
 
 39. Major JOHN D. MORTARTY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 2, 1861, as Major of the Seventy- 
 Third Regiment, New York State Volunteers. Served in Virginia through 
 the Peninsular campaign, at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Stafford Court-Housc, 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 463 
 
 Baltimore Cross-TCoads, Seven Pines, Pair Oaks, and the Seven Days Battles, 
 and at South Mountain and Cedar Creek. Captured at Piedmont, October 
 19, 1864, and paroled February 10, 1865. 
 
 40. Colonel EDWARD MURRAY. 
 
 41. Adjutant ALBERT A. NEAL. 
 42. Colonel WILLIAM NORTHRIDGE 
 
 43 Captain FITZ-JAMES O BRIEX. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in the winter ot 1861, as Captain and 
 Aidc-de-Camp on the staff of General Lander commanding in West Vir 
 ginia. He was engaged in action soon after reaching his new command. In 
 the brilliant skirmish at Bloomery Gap, Lander, O Brien, and two soldiers 
 dashed upon an ambuscade, and captured three officers and eight men. 
 O Brien retained the sword and accoutrements of the Rebel captain as trophies, 
 trophies soon to be borne upon his own coffin. Two days later, February 1 6, 
 O Brien headed a body of cavalry which encountered a superior force of the 
 enemy. He met the Rebel leader, face to face, and two simultaneous shots 
 were heard: the one fired by O Brien carried instant death ; that which he 
 received pierced his shoulder; but he still rallied his men, and brought off all 
 save himself unharmed. His wound was a terrible one, and after great suf 
 fering a critical surgical operation was suggested by the surgeon. O Brien 
 writes : " I gave up the ghost, and told him to go ahead. There were about 
 twelve surgeons to witness the operation. All my shoulder-bone and a portion 
 of my upper arm have been taken away. I nearly died. My breath ceased, 
 heart ceased to beat, pulse stopped. However, I got through. I am not yet 
 out of danger from the operation, but a worse disease has set in. I have got 
 tetanus, or lockjaw. There is a chance of my getting out of it, that s all. 
 In case I don t, good by, old fellow, with all my love ! I don t want to make 
 any legal document, but I desire that you and Frank Wood should be my lit 
 erary executors, because after I m dead I may turn out a bigger man than 
 when living." He died April 6th, from the results of the operation, died 
 at the threshold of a grand career, a great poet and a brave soldier. 
 
 44. Captain JOHN OLDERSHAW 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 18, 1862, as First Lieutenant, Com 
 pany K, Eleventh New Jersey Volunteers. Promoted to be Captain, October 
 11, 1863. Served in the Second and Third Corps in Virginia, and took part 
 in the following battles, namely, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys 
 burg, Wapping Heights, Kelly s Ford, Locust Grove, Mine Run, Grant s 
 campaign from the Rapidan to Petersburg, and all the subsequent move 
 ments and battles in front of that city, in which the Second Corps 
 was engaged, to the surrender of Lee and the Army of Northern Vir 
 ginia at Appomattox Court-House Served for a time as Inspector- 
 General of First Brigade, Second Division, Third Corps. At the battle of 
 
464 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Chancellorsville was detailed on General Berry s staff, commanding the 
 Second Division, Third Corps. Was complimented on the field by the 
 General, who said, " I shall not forget your services, sir." General Berry was 
 killed the next morning. Was appointed to the command of the Division 
 Pioneer Corps on General Mott s staff. November 15, 1864, was ordered to 
 the Irish Brigade as Inspector under Colonel Nugent. Was with the brigade 
 in the battle of the 29th March, 1865, outside the works, when it repulsed sev 
 eral severe attacks of the enemy, the men standing in line of battle for three 
 hours without shelter, expending in that time about one hundred rounds of 
 ammunition per man. He opened boxes and distributed ammunition along 
 the line, under a galling fire. Was recommended for brevet rank and men 
 tioned honorably in report of operations. Mustered out, June, 1865. 
 
 45. Lien tenant-Colonel WILLIAM PATTEN. 
 46. Captain JAMES PLANT. 
 
 47. Lieutenant-Colonel EUGENE ~F. ROBERTS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 23, 1861, as private in the Tenth 
 New York Zouaves, and served under Butler near Fort Monroe. Resigned 
 December 23, 1861. February 28, 1863, was commissioned senior Captain in 
 Ulmann s brigade (colored troops), and served in the Department of the Gulf 
 under Banks, Andrews, Ulmann. Served at siege of Port Hudson ; was at 
 battle of Plain Store and fight at Redwood Bridge under General Grierson. 
 Served in the Department of Florida under General Asboth, and on 21st 
 July captured Fort Hodson and Rebel flag with two companies of colored 
 troops. Served in expedition to Pollard, Alabama. Commanded right wing 
 in the battles of Escambia Bridge, Mitchell Creek, and Pine Barren Creek. 
 Served in the Mobile campaign under Generals Steele, Hawkins, and Pyle. 
 Was in the nine days fighting and assault and capture of Fort Blakely 
 and Mobile. Served at Apalachicola and Dry Tortugas. Was honor 
 ably discharged March 5, 1866, by expiration of term. Was brevetted Major 
 and Lieutenant-Colonel, "for gallant and meritorious services during the 
 war." 
 
 48. Lieutenant J. F. ROBINSON. 
 
 49. Brigadier-General ALLEN RUTHERFORD. 
 
 Entered the United States service as a Captain in the Ninth Regiment, 
 New York State Militia (Eighty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers), on 
 the 27th of May, 1861 ; was promoted to be Major, 7th January, 1862, and 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, 30th September, 1862. Was appointed a Lieutenant-Col 
 onel in the Veteran Reserve Corps, 4th December, 1863. Served under Gen 
 erals Banks, Pope, McClellan, Hooker, Burnside, and Grant. Belonged to the 
 First Army Corps of the Army of the Potomac. Was brevetted Colonel and 
 Brigadier- General of Volunteers " for gallant, faithful, and meritorious ser 
 vices," and remains in the army as First Lieutenant, Forty-Fourth United 
 States Infantry (Regular Army). 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 465 
 
 50. Private WILLIAM E. SCIIENCK. 
 
 Entered the United States service as private in the Seventh Regiment, New 
 York State National Guard. Served in the Maryland campaign in 1863, and 
 was lost overboard in the steamer conveying his regiment home to New York, 
 about 2, A. M., July 19, 1863. 
 
 51. Captain F. J. STEERS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 24, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Company C, Ninetieth Regiment, New York State Volunteers. Promoted 
 to be Captain, April 9, 1864. Mustered out, with regiment, at the end of three 
 years service. Served in Nineteenth Army Corps in the Teche country, at 
 Port Hudson, Donaldsonville, in the Shenandoah Valley, and in garrison at 
 Key West, Florida, Fort Jefferson, Tortugas, and Beaufort, South Carolina, 
 and was on detached service at Ricker s and Hart s Islands, New York Har 
 bor. While on Ricker s and Hart s Islands, acted as judge advocate to two 
 general courts martial. Served also as Aide-de-Camp, First Brigade, First 
 Division, Nineteenth Corps. 
 
 52. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE H. STEVENS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, April 7, 1861, as Captain in the Second 
 Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteers. Was promoted to be Major, August 30, 
 1862, and to be Lieutenant-Colonel, January 26, 1863. He served in Virginia, 
 beginning at the skirmish of Blackburn s Ford, and then at Bull Run, where 
 he exhibited the greatest coolness? bravery, and soldierly qualities, in the midst 
 of the confusion. At Gainesville and second Bull Run he was also con 
 spicuous, commanding his regiment after the three field-officers were wounded. 
 Was engaged also at South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, 
 and in many skirmishes and reconnoissances. At Gettysburg, though so unwell 
 as to be counselled by the Colonel and Surgeon to go to an ambulance, he led 
 the left wing into action, and received a mortal wound in the abdomen, from 
 which he died July 5. The late Colonel of his regiment, Governor Fair- 
 child (who lost an arm at Gettysburg), says : " He was a faithful, hard-working 
 officer, and brave as a lion, never flinching from duty or danger, and accom 
 plished in all that went to make up a first-class field-officer. He died as a sol 
 dier would wish to die, with the harness on, and face to the foe. You cnnnot 
 speak too highly of his soldierly qualities." His remains are buried in the 
 National Cemetery at Gettysburg. 
 
 53. Major ROIJERT K. STEWART. 
 
 Entered the United States service in July, 1861, as Lieutenant, Second Regi 
 ment Artillery, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be First Lieutenant, 
 September 25, 1861. His regiment did garrison duty in the forts on south 
 side of the Potomac for about eighteen months. Served under General Pope 
 in his campaign, and was slightly wounded at second battle of Bull Run. 
 St-rved with Grant on his march to Richmond, at Spottsylvania Court- House; 
 was twice wounded, once in the body and once in right ankle. Was cap- 
 30 
 
466 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 tared in same battle, and was prisoner for over ten months at Richmond, 
 Andersonville, Macon, Charleston, and Columbia, South Carolina. Was 
 honorably discharged from the service April 5, 1865. 
 
 54. Captain R. BURNETT SMITH. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 14, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eleventh United States Infantry. Was brevetted Captain for gallantry at 
 the battle of Chapel House, Va., October 1, 1864. Resigned, January 1, 
 1866. Was present and took part in the following battles and engagements : 
 siege of Yorktown, Gaines s Mills, Malvern Hill, Petersburg, Mine Explo 
 sion, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Grove Church, Chapel House, W. W. 
 Davis s house, Virginia. 
 
 55. Lieutenant-Colonel HENRY STREET. 
 
 56. Brigadier-General F. E. TROTTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 14, 1861, as Captain, Com 
 pany I, One Hundred and Second Regiment, New York State Volunteers. 
 Promoted to be Major, July 15, 1862, Veteran Reserve Corps; as Captain, 
 June 15, 1863 ; Major, October 15, 1863, Lieutenant-Colonel, March 30, 1864; 
 Brevet Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General, for gallant and meritorious ser 
 vices, March 13, 1865. Served in the battles at Harper s Ferry, Cedar Moun 
 tain, siege of Washington, and Banks s campaign, Shemindoah Valley. Re 
 ceived a musket-ball through left arm, neai* shoulder, and a shell-wound of 
 right foot, and a glance shot on left knee, at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862. 
 Contracted fever and ague twice, typhoid fever three times, and small-pox 
 in line of duty. Was appointed and confirmed as Captain, Forty-Fifth In 
 fantry, Regular Army. 
 
 57. Lieutenant-Colonel SAMUEL TRUESDELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 1, 1861, in the Sixty-Fifth Regiment, 
 New York Volunteers (First United States Chasseurs), as First Lieutenant. 
 Promoted "on the field," at Fair Oaks, to be Captain, for gallantry, June 1, 
 1862. Brevetted by Governor Fenton, Major and Lieutenant-Colonel, " for 
 gallant and meritorious services in the late war." Took part in all the battles of 
 the Peninsular campaign and all the battles and skirmishes of the Sixth Corps, 
 subsequently, including those in the Shenandoah Valley, except the Wilder 
 ness and Spottsylvama. March 30, 1863, Acting Assistant Inspector-Gen 
 eral, First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps. While his brigade was 
 temporarily guarding prisoners at Johnson s Island, Ohio, he was appointed, 
 by the general commanding United States forces at Sandusky and John 
 son s Island, "Treasurer of the Funds of Prisoners of War " on Johnson s 
 Island. March 5, was appointed Treasurer of the Post Fund. During his 
 service in Johnson s Island performed the duties of Post Quartermaster and 
 Post Commissary of Subsistence, during the absence of those officers. Was 
 mustered out, with his regiment, September 12, 1864. 
 
l X ROLL OF HONOR. 467 
 
 58. Colonel CHARLES TURNBULL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, in September, 1862, as Colonel of the 
 First Metropolitan (One Hundred and Thirty -First) Regiment, New York 
 Volunteers. Was on duty at Parole Camp, Annapolis, and afterwards with 
 Banks, in Louisiana, his regiment being the first to land at Baton Rouge. 
 
 59. Captain WILLIAM H. UNDERBILL. 
 
 60. Major HENRY VANDER WEYDE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 20, 1861, as Second Sergeant, Six 
 ty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be First Ser 
 geant, January 1, 1862 ; Sergeant-Major, November, 1862 ; Second Lieutenant, 
 December 1, 1862, Captain, February, 1865. Was brevetted Major, for gallant 
 and meritorious services. Took part in the battles of Lewinsville, Yorktown, 
 Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, An- 
 tietam, Williamsport, Fredericksburg, Marye s Heights, Salem Heights, Wil 
 derness (where he was captured, but escaped), Spottsylvania, North Anna, 
 Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Winchester, Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, where, hi$ 
 horse being shot under him, he was thrown down and captured, imprisoned at 
 Libby and Danville; exchanged February 22, 1865. Mustered out August 1, 
 1865. Served on staffs of Generals Wheaton, Russell, and Jackson. Was 
 honorably mentioned. General Hamlin wrote : " He has greatly distin 
 guished himself by his exceeding gallantry in every action ; I know fdtv men 
 whom I can so conscientiously recommend." General Wheaton says: "A 
 brave and accomplished soldier, having served upon my staff, in battle and in 
 camp, with great credit." 
 
 61. Adjutant E. VAN NESS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 21, 1861, as Adjutant, Eighty- 
 Seventh Regiment, New Youk Volunteers. Took part in the Peninsular cam 
 paign, in Kearny s corps, his regiment being in the advance going up and in 
 the rear-guard on the retreat. Participated in the skirmish in front of York- 
 town, the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, and the skirmish on the 
 extreme left on the 25th June, in which his regiment lost very severely. Sup 
 ported DeRussay battery at the battle of Malvern Hill. At Harrison s Land 
 ing was detailed as Regimental Quartermaster. Mustered out by consolida 
 tion, September 6, 1862. 
 
 62. Captain THEODORE C. YIDAL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 5, 1861, as Second Lieutenant 
 Forty-Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to First 
 Lieutenant, December 24, 1862, and Captain, September 30, 1863. Detailed 
 to Signal Corps, April 6, 1862. Took part in the occupation of Hilton Head, 
 Port Royal Ferry, Fort Pulaski, battle of Coosahatchie, capture of Morris 
 Island, bombardment and assault of Fort Wagner, assault on Fort Sumter, 
 capture of Wagner and Gregg, fight at St. Mary s Ford, battle of Olustee, 
 
468 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Birney s raid and occupation of Baldwin, battle of Honey Hill, Devaux 
 Neck, and Combahee; occupation of Charleston. Was mentioned in general 
 orders by Major Beard at the capture of Fort Pulaski ; in general orders 
 by General Seymour at battle of Olustee ; by Captain Town, Chief Signal 
 Officer, V. S., in the following terms : " I take great pleasure in mentioning 
 the following-named officer for gallant and meritorious service, Lieutenant 
 "Vidal, for efficiency under fire before Fort Wagner, and in the batteries on the 
 18th of July, and upon several other days." He also accompanied the expedi 
 tion under Colonel Osborn to assault Sumter. Also mentioned in general 
 orders from Bureau of Signal Corps, for capture of Rebel signal-flags at Bald 
 win ; mentioned by Captain G. S. Dana at Olustee, and by Captain Merrill, 
 for " zeal and energy in discharge of duty." Mustered out August 21, 1865. 
 
 63. Captain WILLIAM J. WILLIAMS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 1, 1861, as Captain of Com 
 pany E, Fifty-Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in Virginia, 
 in Reyes s corps, and moved up the Peninsula. He was killed by a shell at 
 the battle of Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, at the head of his command. " The 
 universal testimony of his fellow-officers and of his men," writes one of the 
 former, " is that he was a good officer and a brave man. His untimely death 
 was mourned throughout the command." S. Trucsdell adds : " A true gen 
 tleman, an accomplished officer, and a gallant soldier." 
 
 if 
 
 64. Lieutenant H. J. WINTERS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 4, 1861, as Sergeant, Third Regi 
 ment, Excelsior Brigade. Was promoted to be First Lieutenant, and served 
 till June 5, 1862, when he was permanently disabled by being thrown from a 
 horse, and in consequence was mustered out of the service. Was commended 
 as a disciplinarian by regimental and brigade officers. 
 
 EIGHTH COMPANY (H). 
 
 1. Captain JAMES T. BAKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain. Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers. 
 
 2. Paymaster JOHN M. BAKER. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Paymaster in the navy. Was pro 
 moted to be Ensign. Served till close of war. 
 
 3. Major ROBERT P. BARRY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 14, 1861, as Captain of the Six 
 teenth Regular Infantry, and served with his regiment in the .Army of the 
 Ohio in the campaigns of 1862, under Buell and Rosecrans. Commanded 
 his company (F, First Battalion) in the battle of Shiloh, April 7, 1862 ; H 
 all the subsequent operations under Buell, and in the battle of Murfreesboro , 
 under Rosecrans. In the latter action his company lost two officers and 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 469 
 
 thirty-five out of forty-six men killed and wounded. In this battle (December 
 31, 1862) was wounded in the jaw and arm, and was captured and paroled. 
 Was on invalid duty during 1863 in the Provost-Marshal-General s depart 
 ment as Inspector of the State of Iowa. Commanded his regiment during 
 most of the Atlanta campaign under Sherman, and took part in the battles 
 at Buzzards Roost, New Hope Church, Kenesaw, Neal Dow Station, the 
 Chattahoochee, Utoy Creek, and the assault on the defences of Jonesboro 
 (September 1, 1864). Resigned his commission on account of ill health con 
 tracted during the Atlanta campaign, and was brevetted Major after his 
 resignation. 
 
 4. Sergeant- Major CHARLES AUGUSTUS BARTON. 
 Entered the United States service as Sergeant-Major of the California 
 
 Regiment. 
 
 5. Captain CLARENCE A. BLAKE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in March, 1862, as First Lieutenant, 
 Company A, One Hundred and Third New York Volunteers. Served in 
 North Carolina with his regiment on picket duty, and April 24th was ap 
 pointed Acting Aide-de-Camp on Nagle s staff (First Brigade, Reno s division). 
 Served in Virginia in 1862, taking part in the battles of Kelly s Ford, Chan- 
 tilly, second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. Re- 
 signed after Fredericksburg, from rheumatism and sickness contracted in the 
 campaign. Was mentioned favorably in brigade reports. 
 
 6. Lieutenant N. H. BAYLIS. 
 Lieutenant in the Signal Corps. 
 
 7. Major HOLLTS W. BUCKLEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 8, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Bat 
 tery C, First Rhode Island Artillery. Promoted to be Captain, Battery D, 
 October 22, 1864. Brevetted Major, United States Volunteers, March 5, 1865, 
 " for faithful and meritorious services." Served in Virginia and at the West. 
 Took part in the Peninsular campaign in 1862, Grovetori, Manassas, Antie 
 tam, Fredericksburg, Morgan s raid in Kentucky and Ohio in 18.63, Burnside s 
 campaign in Kentucky and East Tennessee, including siege of Knoxville, and 
 battles of Lewins, Campbell s Station, Blue Spring, and Fort Sanders ; Wil 
 derness campaign, with Ninth Army Corps in Army of the Potomac in May, 
 1864 ; Shenandoah Valley campaign of General Sheridan in summer and fall 
 of 1864, including battles of Charlestown, Winchester, Fisher s Hill, and 
 Cedar Creek, until October 22, 1864, when discharged by reason of the expira 
 tion of term of service. 
 
 8. Ensign H. D. BURDETT. 
 Served in the United States Navy. 
 
 9. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM L. M. BURGER. 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as Adjutant, First Regiment, 
 
470 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 New York Engineers. Served during the war, and was Acting Adjutant- 
 General on General Sickles s staff when mustered out of service. 
 
 10. Lieutenant-Colonel CHARLES H. BURTIS. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 11. Paymaster FRANK CARGILL. 
 
 Assistant Paymaster, United States Navy. Served about two years. 
 12. Captain W. J. CARLETON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 21, 1861, in the Forty-Eighth 
 New York Volunteers, and appointed Third Sergeant. Promoted to be 
 Second Lieutenant, December 19, 1861 ; to be First Lieutenant, February 21, 
 1863 ; to be Captain, November 1, 1863. Served in Virginia, South Carolina, 
 Georgia, and Florida, in the Tenth Corps, under Generals T. W. Sherman, 
 Mitchell, Hunter, and Gillmore. Participated in the reduction of Fort Pu- 
 laski, in the sieges of Forts Wagner and Sumter and of the city of Charleston, 
 and in the battle of Olustee. During about one half his term served in the 
 ordnance corps. Mustered out November 13, 18G4, at the expiration of his 
 term of service. 
 
 13. Major JAMES S. CASEY. 
 
 Entered United States service in 1861, as Second Lieutenant, Fifth Regi 
 ment, United States Infantry (Regular). Was Post Adjutant on Governor s 
 Island for some time. Transferred to Fort Warren (Boston Harbor), having 
 charge of Rebel prisoners, including Mason and Slidell. Transferred to Gen 
 eral Parke s staff, Ninth Army Corps. Assisted in the operations before 
 Petersburg and Richmond until close of war. Stationed at present at Fort 
 Sumner, New Mexico. 
 
 14. Major OLIVER COTTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service in May, 1861, as First Lieutenant in the 
 Thirteenth Regiment, New York State Militia. Served three months at An 
 napolis. January 20, 1862, commissioned Captain in the Fifth Regiment, New 
 York Heavy Artillery. Was on garrison duty in New York Harbor, Balti 
 more, Fort Monroe, and Maryland Heights. Took part in Hunter s move 
 ment up the Shenandoah Valley in 1864, -and took active part in the battles 
 at Piedmont and Lynchburg. Was honorably discharged, February 3, 1865, 
 for disease contracted in the service. B revetted Major, 1866. 
 
 15. Lieutenant THOMAS W. DICK. 
 
 Lieutenant, Eighth Regiment Heavy Artillery. 
 
 16. Surgeon WILLIAM B. EAGER, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 2, 1862, as Surgeon, One Hun 
 dred and Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the 
 defences of Washington and in the Banks Expedition. December 21, 1862, 
 appointed Medical Director on staff of General T. W. Sherman Was in Red 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 471 
 
 River campaign and at Port Hudson, and at latter, in charge of Division 
 Hospital; also in charge of United States General Hospital at Franklin, 
 Louisiana. Mustered out by consolidation, February 17, 1864. 
 
 17. Captain HENRY C. ELLIS. 
 Sergeant-Major, Sixty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 18. Captain WILLIAM IRVING ELLIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as Lieutenant, Second Regiment, 
 Rhode Island Volunteers. Was transferred. to Subsistence Department, and 
 
 promoted Captain. 
 
 19. Captain AMOS F. ENO. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 28, 1862, as Aide-de-Camp on staff 
 of John S. Fhelps, Military Governor of Arkansas. November 10, 1862, was ap 
 pointed and commissioned Adjutant-General of Arkansas, with rank of Colo 
 nel. As volunteer aid to General Osterhaus took part in battles of Champion 
 Hills, Edward s Station, and the Big Black, Mississippi, and had charge of 
 raising three Arkansas regiments of white troops. His office as Adjutant- 
 General was abolished by General Orders 211, A. G. O., dated July 9, 
 
 1863. 
 
 20. Lieutenant ROBERT O. N. FORD. 
 
 Lieutenant in Marine Corps from 1862. Is still in the service. 
 21. Captain S. J. FOSTER. 
 
 Captain, Forty-Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 22. Brigadier-General II. S. GANSEVOORT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 14, 1861, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the Fifth Regular Artillery. Promoted to be First Lieutenant, Fifth Artillery, 
 March 1, 1862 ; to be Lieutenant-Colonel, Thirteenth New York Cavalry, June 
 20, 1863; to be Colonel of the same regiment, March 28, 1863 (?) ; to be 
 Brigadier-General in 1865. Was mustering officer at Harrisburg in Sep 
 tember, 1861 ; and as such mustered in several thousand volunteers. After 
 serving at the Camp of Artillery Instruction, near Harrisburg, was stationed 
 at Fort Monroe, in March, 1862. Served with Battery C, Third Artillery, 
 for several months during the Peninsula campaign, and in Keyes s corps during 
 the " Seven Days." At Harrison s Landing was promoted to be First Lieu 
 tenant, Fifth Artillery, and served in Battery C of that regiment, attached to 
 Meade s brigade of Reynolds s division, Army of the Potomac, during the 
 operations in the autumn of 1862. Participated in the battles of Groveton, 
 second Bull Run, South Mountain, and Antietam. Remained with the Army 
 of the Potomac till 1863, when he was granted leave of absence to accept 
 appointment as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Thirteenth New York Cavalry. 
 Served in command of that regiment (in Lowell s brigade), operating, in the 
 region southwest of Washington and east of the Blue Ridge, against guerillas, 
 and in scouting, raiding, &c., until the close of the war. The command was 
 mostly independent. 
 
472 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 23. Captain JAMES B. GRANT. 
 
 Captain, First Regiment, New York Engineers. 
 
 24. Captain F. H. GRANT. 
 25 Adjutant WILLIAM HENDERSON. 
 
 26. Brigadier-General JOHN HENDRICKSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Captain, Ninth Regiment, New York 
 Volunteers. Promoted to be Brigadier-General, Veteran Reserve Corps. 
 
 27. Lieutenant HENRY W. HUBBELL, JR. 
 
 Joined Brigadier-General H. G. Wright as volunteer Aide-de-Camp at Annap 
 olis, October 12, 1861, and sailed with the expeditionary corps under Dupont 
 and Sherman, participating in the operations which resulted in the reduction 
 of Port Royal. Soon after returned to New York, and was commissioned 
 Second Lieutenant in the Fortieth New York Volunteers. Detailed from his 
 regiment to report to General Wright, on whose staff he was placed in Decem 
 ber, 1861. Participated in the reduction of Fort Pulaski, in the operations 
 against Fernandina and Jacksonville, and in the operations against Charleston, 
 under General Bonham, terminating in the battle of Secessionville. Received 
 honorable mention in the report of that action. In July, 1862, accompanied 
 General Wright to the Department of the Ohio, remaining there on the staff 
 of that officer till April, 1863, when Wright was assigned to the First Division, 
 Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac. Served with this corps at the battle of 
 Gettysburg, and in the operations preceding and following it till November, 
 1863, when, owing to consolidation of his regiment, he was mustered out of 
 service. Appointed Second Lieutenant, First United States Artillery, De 
 cember, 1866. 
 
 28. Captain JOHN H. HULL 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 30, 1862, as Captain in the One 
 Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the 
 Banks Expedition, and in the siege of Port Hudson, and the various battles 
 connected with the latter. Resigned, August 27, 1863, in consequence of pa 
 ralysis resulting from rheumatism. 
 
 29. Captain JAMES C. HYATT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May, 1861, as First Lieutenant in the 
 Thirty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers, and took part in the battle 
 of Bull Run. Was Provost-Marshal of Alexandria until November, 1861. 
 Promoted to be Captain, Eleventh Regiment, New York Cavalry, June 7, 1862, 
 and served along the Potomac on patrol duty. June 30, was engaged in battle 
 at Shcpherdstown. Was in the reserve at Gettysburg. Ordered to Depart 
 ment of the Gulf, and was engaged at Doyle s plantation in July, 1864, and in 
 the raids to Clinton and West Pascagoula. Served also in Arkansas. Mus 
 tered out, with regiment, June 7, 1865. 
 
EOLL OF HONOR. 473 
 
 30. Paymaster T. GRANVILLE HOYT. 
 Paymaster in the United States Navy. 
 
 31. Lieutenant WILLIAM C. JACOBSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1862, as Second Lieutenant in Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Heavy Artillery. 
 
 32. Lieutenant E. R. JOHNSON. 
 Lieutenant, Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 33. Private J. LAWRENCE KEESE. 
 
 Accidentally killed while with Seventh Regiment at Washington in 1861. 
 The circumstances are related in Chapter X. of the present volume. 
 
 34. Captain EDWARD C. KITTLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as Captain in the Sixty- 
 Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Resigned May 2, 1862, to accept a 
 captaincy in the Sixty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Joined the 
 latter regiment at Fair Oaks, and served throughout the Peninsula campaign, 
 the regiment losing all but five officers and eighty men in the battles. Was at 
 Fredericksburg, in Caldwell s brigade, Hancock s division, Second Corps, and, 
 Colonel Nelson A. Miles being wounded, took command of his own regiment 
 and that of the Sixty-Fourth New York Volunteers, and was among those 
 ordered to hold the town until the army had crossed the river. In this battle 
 he was struck twice, once with a canister-shot on the left arm, partially par- 
 alyzing it, and once by a spent musket-ball. Was mentioned in reports, and 
 recommended to promotion for this battle. At Chancellorsville, led the left 
 of the skirmish line, and touk part in the general engagement, though he had 
 been under the surgeon s care up to the time of the battle. Took part in the 
 battle of Gettysburg, and the subsequent engagements till August 24, 1863, 
 when he was honorably discharged from the service. In 1866 received and 
 declined an appointment as Captain in the Fortieth United States Infantry. 
 Was recommended by General Miles for the brevet of Major. 
 
 35. Lieutenant E. KIRBY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 19, 1862, as private in Com 
 pany H, Fifth Regiment, New York Artillery. Soon after promoted to be 
 Corporal ; Commissary Sergeant in May, 1863 ; Second Lieutenant, June, 1863. 
 Served in garrison at Baltimore and Harper s Ferry, and took part in the bat 
 tles of July 4 and 5, 1864, at Maryland Heights. Served through Sheridan s 
 Shenandoah campaign, his regiment losing heavily at Winchester. Resigned, 
 from physical disability, in November, 1864. 
 
 36. Captain J. N. T. LEVICK. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 11, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 First Regiment, Excelsior Brigade, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be 
 First Lieutenant, May 6, 1862; promoted to be Captain on the battle-field, 
 
474 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 April 30, 1 862. Served in the battles of Williamsburg, Seven Pines, all the 
 Seven Days Battles, including second Malvern Hill, at second Bull Run, 
 Bristow Station, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. Was honorably dis 
 charged April 30, 1863. 
 
 37. Captain WALTER LLOYD. 
 
 Captain, One Hundred and Seventy-Fourth New York Volunteers. 
 
 38. Captain E. S. MANN. 
 Captain on General Ulmann s staff" in 1862. 
 
 39. Captain WILLIAM D. MANSFIELD. 
 
 Captain in One Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. Served at Port Hudson. 
 
 40. Major-General JOHN M. MCNEIL. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Colonel of a Missouri regiment. Pro 
 moted to be Major-General. 
 
 41. Major CHARLES E. MEARS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 1861, as Captain in the 
 Fourth Regiment, West Virginia Volunteers. Served on the Kanawha River, 
 and resigned in December, 1861. In March, 1862, was appointed Major of 
 the Marine Artillery Corps raised from the State of New York; the regiment 
 served in North Carolina under General Burnside, and afterwards General 
 Foster. Was stationed part of the time at Newbern, and for some months 
 commanded the post at Roanoke Island. Participated in the march to Tar- 
 boro , North Carolina, and in the battles at Kingston and Goldsboro , in the 
 fall and winter of 1862. 
 
 42. Captain ALBERT V. MEEKS. 
 
 Entered the United States service August 31, 1861, as Captain in the 
 Sixty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in the Peninsular 
 campaign, and took part in the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks. Was 
 wounded in the latter battle. Resigned at the close of campaign, from disa 
 bility resulting from wounds. 
 
 43. Captain S. A. MELLICK. 
 
 Captain of First Regiment, New York Mounted Rifles. Died at Fortress 
 Monroe in 1862. 
 
 44. Captain E. R. MERRIMAN. 
 
 45. Captain THEODORE W. MORGAN. 
 Captain, Ninety-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 46. Colonel ALBERT P. MOULTON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 1, 1862, as Captain, Company F, 
 Third Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, and as such served three years. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 475 
 
 Took part in the battles of Drainesville, Mechanicsville, Gaines s Mills, Charles 
 City Cross-Ronds, and Malvern Hill ; also at Chantilly, second Bull Run, 
 South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. In West Virginia, in 1864, 
 took part in the affairs of Moorfield and New Creek, and the battles at Cloyd 
 Mountain, New River Bridge, Piedmont, Lexington, Lynchburg, Snicker s 
 Gap, Winchester (July 25, 1864). His regiment now being mustered out of 
 service, he was re-mustered with the veteran troops as Colonel of the Fifty- 
 Fourth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and took part under Sheridan in the 
 battles of Winchester, September 17, 1864, Fisher s Hill, Strasburg, and Cedar 
 Creek. Was then transferred to the Twenty-Fourth Corps, under Gibbons, in 
 the various battles around Petersburg, and the general assault of April 2, 1865. 
 Took part in the pursuit of Lee, and was engaged at High Bridge, or Farrn- 
 ville, April 6, 1865. Mustered out June 1, 1865. Was wounded at Fisher s 
 Hill, and made prisoner at High Bridge, but released three days later, at Lee s 
 surrender. 
 
 47. Lieutenant-Colonel H. S. MURRAY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 14, 1862, as Captain, Company 
 B, One Hundred and Twenty-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was 
 promoted to be Major, July 2, 1863, and to be Lieutenant Colonel, September 
 19, 1864. Served in the Army of the Potomac in Third Division, Third Corps, 
 under Generals Stoneman, Sickles, and French, and in Third Division, Second 
 Corps, under Hancock and Birney. Participated in the battles of first Fred- 
 ericksburg, Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, and a^ 
 the continuous fighting in which the Second Corps was engaged, from May 
 5, 1864, to October 27, 1864. Was wounded May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville, 
 Virginia, by a minie-ball, which entered full in the mouth, taking out four up 
 per and four lower front teeth, and lodging in the back of the neck. Was 
 left on the field for dead, and was so reported in the official lists of casualties, 
 Was a prisoner two weeks, and arrived home to find his family in mourning 
 for his death, and his obituary notices published in the newspapers. Was 
 again wounded by a shell, and taken prisoner at Hatcher s Run, before Peters 
 burg, Virginia, October 27, 1864, and enjoyed the hospitality of the celebrated 
 Libby for four months. Was exchanged early in April, 1865, and resigned, 
 the war being over. 
 
 48. Captain E. B. NORTON. 
 
 Captain, Subsistence Department. 
 
 49. Brigadier-General JOHN H. OLEY. 
 Entered the United States service. 
 
 50. Paymaster WILLIAM H. OWEN. 
 
 Entered the United States Navy as Assistant Paymaster, September 30, 1862. 
 Assigned to duty in the " rnortar flotilla," October 15, 1862. Served under 
 Admiral Lee, in the North Atlantic Squadron, blockading Wilmington, 
 North Carolina, and other inlets on that coast ; also served under Admiral 
 Dahlgren, in the South Atlantic Squadron, on duty off Charleston, South 
 Carolina. Resigned from the service, October 8, 1863. 
 
476 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 51. Adjutant LEWIS O. PARMLEE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1862, as Adjutant, First Regiment 
 Berdan Sharpshooters. Killed at Antietarn in 1862. 
 
 52. Lieutenant FREDERICK T. FEET. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, Com 
 pany H, First United States Sharpshooters (Berdan). Served at Washington 
 and on the Peninsula. Took part in the battles at Yorktown, Chickahominy, 
 Hanover Court-House, Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp, and Nelson s 
 Farm, Was wounded in the chest at Nelson s Farm at eight, p. M., June 
 30, 1862, and as the surgeons pronounced him dying, no effort was made to 
 probe his wound. Was taken prisoner and sent to Libby. Was exchanged 
 under a special flag from General McClellan, after a few weeks imprisonment. 
 Still carries the bullet in his chest, and is in good health. When shot, was 
 from seventy-five to one hundred feet from the enemy. Was mentioned by 
 General Barlow or General Caldvvell, commanding brigade in Sumner s corps. 
 Was officially killed, or so reported ; read his obituary with interest in the Brook 
 lyn " Eagle." Transferred to the United States Marine Corps, in July, 1862. 
 Served at Morris and Folly Island, and was one of the first men to enter Fort 
 Wagner. Is now First Lieutenant in the Marine Corps. 
 
 53. Lieutenant-Colonel CHARLES EDWIN PRESCOTT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 8, 1861, as Captain of Company 
 C, Eighty-Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. June 16, 1862, resigned 
 to organize the One Hundred and Thirty-Second Regiment, New York Vol 
 unteers, of which he was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel, September 11, 
 1862. Served at Suffolk, Virginia, and in the Shenandoah Valley. Resigned 
 December 12, 1862. 
 
 54. Lieutenant EDWARD L. POSTLEY. 
 
 Lieutenant, One Hundred and Seventy-Sixth Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. 
 
 55. Captain PHILIP C. ROGERS. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant, Fifty-Fifth Regiment, New 
 York Volunteers. Served with honor, and was mentioned in orders. 
 
 56. Adjutant J. F. SATHERWAITE. 
 Adjutant, Twenty-Second Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. 
 
 57. Colonel CHARLES E. SMITH. 
 Colonel, Eleventh Regiment, Michigan Infantry. 
 
 58. Lieutenant CHARLES L. SMITH. 
 Lieutenant, Ninth Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 
 59. Captain ADRIAN SPEAR. 
 
 Entered the United States service as private in Twentieth Regiment, Mas 
 sachusetts Volunteers. Was promoted to be Captain. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 477 
 
 60. Colonel PERCY B. SPEAR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 30, 1861 as Captain and Com 
 missary of Subsistence, United States Volunteers, and was assigned to Mar- 
 tindale s brigade, Porter s division. Served in the Fifth Corps from its or 
 ganization to the end of the Rebellion, and acted as Aid in almost all its 
 engagements. At second Bull Run had his horse killed under him by a shell, 
 and was severely wounded in falling. Served as brigade, division, and (after 
 October 24, 1862) as chief commissary of the corps. Was complimented by 
 McClellan at Hanover Court-House for being the only commissary who 
 had his supplies up, ready for issue, the night after the battle. The chief com 
 missary acknowledged in his report his indebtedness to the fine administra 
 tive abilities of Captain Spear. Major-Generals Meade, A. B. Eaton (Commis 
 sary-General), Butterfield, Crawford, Martin dale, and Barnes gave the highest 
 public testimony to his conspicuous services. He was mustered out, Novem 
 ber 22, 1865, and received the brevets of Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel for 
 meritorious services. 
 
 61. Captain E. N. K. TALCOTT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 20, 1862, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Company E, First Regiment, New York Engineers. Promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant, February 6, 1863 ; to be Captain, January 9, 1865. Served in the 
 Tenth Corps in South Carolina and in Army of the James, and after March, 
 1865, as Aide-de-Camp to General Gillmore. Was present as engineer officer 
 at the various corps operations, the siege of Charleston, siege of Peters 
 burg, and the movements on both banks of the James. Was on duty as Depot 
 Engineer at Bermuda Hundreds and at Fort Monroe. Was mentioned fa 
 vorably in report of siege of Charleston. Was in Florida Expedition, 1865. 
 Mustered out, with his regiment, August 1, 1865. 
 
 62. Lieutenant J. J. WEBBER. 
 Lieutenant, Fifty-Seventh Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 63. Captain J. HOWARD WELLS. 
 
 64. Lieutenant J. D. WICKHAM. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant, Ninth Regiment, New York 
 Volunteers. Resigned on account of ill health. Died soon after. 
 
 65. Captain GEORGE C. WILLIAMS. 
 Captain, Fifty-Fifth Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 NINTH COMPANY (I). 
 
 1. Captain C. J. C. BALL. 
 
 2. Sergeant J. BARRETT. 
 
 3. Lieutenant L. W. BRAINARD. 
 
478 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 4. Lieutenant Wm. L. BRAMHALL. 
 
 5. Captain THEODORE H. BUSH. 
 
 6. Lieu tenant- Colonel W. B. COAN. 
 
 7. Engineer A. M. CUMMINGS. 
 Served in the United States Navy. 
 
 8. Lieutenant BARRY DAVIES. 
 9. Lieutenant G. D. DAVIS. 
 
 10. Lieutenant GEORGE E. DAYTON. 
 
 11. Sergeant FORDRED DRAYSON. 
 
 Served in Virginia with the Army of the Potomac, and was killed in the 
 battle of Cold Harbor in the summer of 1864. 
 
 12. Lieutenant CLINTON EDDY. 
 
 I 
 
 13. Captain FRANKLIN ELLIS. 
 
 14. Lieutenant D. R. FRANKLIN. 
 
 15. Captain SAMUEL GIBERSON. 
 
 16. Captain L. O. GOODRIDGE. 
 17. Brigadier-General E. E. GRAVES. 
 
 18. Sergeant R. M. HARMSTEAD. 
 
 19. Major NATHANIEL P. LANE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, March 17, 1864, as Second -Lieu ten ant, 
 Sixty-Sixth Regiment New York (Veteran) Volunteers. Promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant, June 15, 1864 ; Captain, December 15, 1864. Served in the battles 
 around Petersburg, Deep Bottom, New Market Heights, blowing up of the 
 mine, Reams s Station, August 28, 1864, where he was wounded in the left 
 hip by a piece of shell ; Hatcher s Run, Strawberry Creek, Armstrong s Mills, 
 Five Forks, Southside Railroad. Was mentioned by General Ramsey 
 (Fourth Brigade, First Division, Second Corps) in brigade orders. Mustered 
 out May 29, 1 865. Brevetted Major. 
 
 20. Lieutenant J. P. MANNING. 
 
 21. Captain HENRY M \TTHEWS. 
 22. Sergeant T. A. McCROSSEN. 
 
 23. Brigadier-General N. B. MCLAUGHLIN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, March 27, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 United States Cavalry ( Regular Army), and was ordered to Fort Monroe. Pro 
 moted to be First Lieutenant, May 3, 1861, and to be Captain, July 17, 1862, 
 Assistant Inspector-General, Army of Kentucky (Q. A. Gillmore) in 1862. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 479 
 
 Commanded Tenth Kentucky Cavalry in pursuit of Morgan same year. Oc 
 tober 1, 1862, was commissioned Colonel First Massachusetts Volunteers, and 
 took part in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. At the latter 
 battle believes that Stonewall Jackson was killed by the First Massachusetts, 
 Avhose skirmish lines were so advanced that they captured during the same 
 night many officers and men of the enemy who advanced carelessly, singly 
 or in groups, believing they were in their own lines. Was brevetted Major in 
 the Regular Army, May 3, 1863, "for gallant and meritorious services at 
 the battle of Chancellorsville." Took part in all the subsequent battles of 
 the Army of the Potomac, in the Second and Third Corps, till after Spottsyl- 
 vania, when the term of his volunteer regiment expired, and they were mus 
 tered out. Joined his own regiment (Regular) before Atlanta, and was eight 
 days in the trenches there. Ordered again to Army of the Potomac as Colonel 
 of the Fifty-Seventh Regiment, Massachusetts Veteran Volunteers. Was ap 
 pointed September 30, 1864, Brigadier-General of Volunteers by brevet for 
 gallant and distinguished services at the battle of Poplar Grove Church, and 
 thereafter commanded brigade in the Ninth Corps, at Pegram s Farm, Weldon 
 Road, before Petersburg and Southside Railroad. At the assault on Fort 
 Steadman, March 25, 1864, after recapturing one battery and in attempting to 
 recapture the fort, he was taken prisoner and sent to Libby, there remaining 
 till Lee s surrender. Was brevetted Colonel in the Regular Army for gallant 
 and meritorious services during the assault upon Fort Steadman. Was mus 
 tered out of his volunteer rank, September 1, 1865, and joined his command 
 in the Regular Army. During the last year of the war, always commanded a 
 brigade or division. Was brevetted Brigadier-General in the Regular Army, 
 March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the field during the war. 
 
 24. Major B. B. MILLER. 
 25. Engineer EBWAKD B. MINGAY. 
 
 26. Colonel R. T. MITCHELL. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 8, 1861, as Captain of an " un- 
 assigned company/ afterwards in the Fifty-First Regiment, New York Volun 
 teers. Took part in the Burnside Expedition to North Carolina, and in the 
 battles of Roanoke Island and Newbern. Was for a time in command of the 
 regiment in North Carolina. Joined Pope (in Ninth Corps) at Slaughter s 
 Mountain, and served as rear-guard thence to Manassas, involving a fortnight s 
 constant marching and skirmishing. Acted as Lieutenant- Colonel in the 
 battles of second Mannssas, Chantilly, South Mountain, Antietam, Sulphur 
 Springs, and Fredericksburg. After a campaign in Kentucky, joined Grant, 
 with Ninth Corps, at Vicksburg, and took part in the siege and surrender of 
 Vicksburg and Jackson. At Jackson temporarily commanded the Thirty 
 Fifth Massachusetts, which regiment was the first to enter the city, capturing 
 two hundred and fifty prisoners, and hauling down the enemy s flag from the 
 Capitol. In January, 1864, marched in command of the regiment to East 
 
480 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Tennessee, thence to Kentucky and Maryland, and was there appointed Inspec 
 tor-General on General Parke s staff , and, August 14, 1864, of the Ninth 
 Corps. Took part in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North 
 Anna, Tolopotomy Creek, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, first attack on 
 Petersburg, Weld on Road, Pegrarn House. Resigned and honorably discharged 
 October 18, 1864. Was promoted to be Major, September, 1862; Lieutenaut- 
 Calonel, 1863 ; and brevetted Colonel, 1865. 
 
 27. Lieutenant G. C. MOORE. 
 28. Lieutenant THEODORE OLIVER. 
 
 29. Captain NELSON PLATO. 
 30. Captain FENTON ROCKWELL. 
 
 31. Captain JOHN RODGERS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 7, 1862, as Second Lieutenant in 
 the One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Took 
 part in the Banks Expedition to Louisiana, in the two attacks on Port Hudson, 
 and the movement into the Teche country. Was wounded slightly in the leg at 
 the battle of Irish Bend. Was promoted, February 9, 1864, to be Captain of 
 Company G, Eighty-Seventh Regiment, Corps d Afrique Engineers, and was 
 stationed at Brazos de Santiago. Had a skirmish at Clarksville. Mustered 
 out, by consolidation, November 2, 1864. 
 
 32. Surgeon A. ORIMEL SHAW. 
 
 Entered the United States service, July 13, 1863, as Assistant Surgeon of 
 the Twentieth Regiment, Maine Volunteers, and joined the regiment in the 
 field. Was promoted to be Surgeon, November 10, 18G3. Served in the Fifth 
 Corps, Army of the Potomac, and was on duty in the following battles : Rap- 
 pahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Tolopotomy 
 Creek, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Peeble s 
 Farm, Hatcher s Run first and Hatcher s Run second. Was appointed Acting 
 Brigade Surgeon, December 1, 1864. Resigned February 22, 1865, on account 
 of disability from malarial disease. 
 
 33. Lieutenant A. B. SPIER. 
 34. Captain T. B. STOUT. 
 
 35. Major IVAN TAILOF. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861, as Sergeant in the Sixty-Fifth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers (First United States Chasseurs), and partici 
 pated in all the campaigns of that regiment, being promoted through various 
 grades to be Captain. Mustered out, with his regiment, in 1864, and re-entered 
 the service as In spec tor- General on General Hancock s staff. 
 
 36. Lieutenant GEORGE F. VAN BRUNT. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 481 
 
 37. Lieutenant GEORGE M. WELLES. 
 
 38. Captain WILLIAM WHEELER. 
 Killed at the battle of Gulp s Farm, Virginia. 
 
 39. Lieutenant D. W. WHITE. 
 
 40. Lieutenant JAMES G. WHITE. 
 
 41. Major W. H. WILEY. 
 
 Entered the United States service, June 3, 1862, as First Lieutenant Company 
 I, Independent Battalion, New York Volunteers. Promoted to be Captain, June 
 4, 1863. Served in South Carolina. At the siege of Fort Wagner he was de 
 tached as commandant of Companies E and B, and assigned to a battery of 
 heavy artillery in the trenches. Finally commanded the first battery from the 
 fort, consisting of Cohorn mortars, planted one hundred and fifty yards from 
 Wagner. After the capture his command was assigned to the fort as artil 
 lerists. Mustered out, by consolidation, February 6, 1864. Was favorably 
 mentioned by general officers. Brevetted Major "for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war/ 
 
 42. Major THEODORE WINTHROP. 
 
 Entered the United States service in May, 1861, as Captain in the Four 
 teenth Regiment, United States Infantry (Regular Army), and reported as 
 A. D. C. to General Butler. Took part in the battle of Big Bethel, June 10, 
 1861, and while gallantly leading a detachment of troops into action was shot 
 dead by a North Carolina rifleman. He was buried where he fell, before the 
 ramparts ; but his body was recovered imder a flag of truce, and even the 
 enemy praised his conspicuous gallantry. His remains were brought to New 
 York, and Colonel Lefferts ordered that, " as a tribute of respect to the memory 
 of Major Theodore Winthrop, late of Company I, National Guard, who lost 
 his life in a gallant charge at Bethel, Virginia, while serving on the staff of 
 Major-General Butler, an ejcort is hereby detailed, consisting of the First, 
 Sixth, Seventh, and Ninth Companies." The Ninth Company passed the fol 
 lowing resolutions : 
 
 " Resolved, That in the death of Major Winthrop the United States service has lost a valua 
 ble and energetic officer, whose place cannot quickly be filled ; one who, while acting with 
 this corps, was ever most forward to perform every duty, however arduous ; one whose 
 refinement of manner and dignity of bearing, combined with great amiability, endeared him 
 to all his associates. 
 
 " Resolved, That it be entered on the minutes and indicated in orders that the members of 
 the company will wear the usual badge of mourning while on duty, for thirty days." 
 
 The remains of the gallant officer lav, on their arrival, in a metallic coffin, 
 in the officers room at the Seventh Regiment armory, until escorted by his 
 old comrades through the city for conveyance to New Haven and the family 
 burying-place. At the time of his death Major Winthrop wore the undress 
 uniform of the National Guard. 
 31 
 
482 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 TENTH COMPANY (K). 
 
 1. Captain HOFFMAN ATKINSON. 
 
 Acting Adjutant-General on General Smith s staff. 
 
 2. Lieutenant HENRY BRADSHAW. 
 
 First Lieutenant on General Seymour s staff. 
 
 3. Lieutenant MILNOR BROWN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 1862, as Lieutenant of Major 
 Willard s battalion of light artillery. The battalion was stationed at Gov 
 ernor s Island, and subsequently at Fort Schuyler. He aided in recruiting this 
 organization, acting as Second Lieutenant, but did not obtain a commission 
 until December, 1862, when, weary of the delay which he had experienced in the 
 artillery, he applied for and obtained the commission of Second Lieutenant 
 in the One Hundred and Twenty-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers 
 (Infantry), commanded by Colonel Ellis. At the same time he accepted the 
 position of Aide-de-Camp on the staff of Brigadier-General James Bowen, 
 and with that officer sailed for New Orleans on the 6th January, 1863. There 
 he remained without seeing active service until the early part of the following 
 summer, when he returned to the North, and, just before the battle of Gettys 
 burg, joined his regiment, then connected with the Army of the Potomac. On 
 the 2d of July he fell while commanding his company in the midst of the bat 
 tle, having received a ball in his forehead. His remains were escorted to 
 Greenwood Cemetery by the Tenth Company, Seventh Regiment, on the 10th 
 October, 1863. 
 
 4. Captain THOMAS B. BUNTING. 
 
 Entered the United States service in June, 1861, as Captain of a "Light 
 Company " (known as "Bunting s Battery "), recruited by him and attached 
 to the Ninth Regiment, New York State Militia. Subsequently the company 
 became the Sixth New York Independent Battery. Served in the Shenandoah 
 Valley, under Patterson and Banks, and then all along the Potomac, guarding 
 posts, fords, &c., by piece and section, with head-quarters at Poolesville, under 
 General Stone. In November, 1861, reported, with his battery, to General 
 Hooker on the Lower Potomac, there being put in command of the artillery 
 of Hooker s division, and so continuing till his resignation, January 30, 1862. 
 On resigning, General Hooker wrote to him as follows : " Captain, I am 
 sorry to learn that your connection with the Sixth New York Battery is sev 
 ered, and that I am to lose you as its commander. Since you have been in 
 command of your battery you have given me no cause to complain, as you 
 have devoted your whole time in promoting its efficiency and character, and 
 when off duty your relations with me have been no less agreeable and satisfac 
 tory. Again I regret that you are to leave the service, and my best wishes 
 will follow you wherever you go." 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 483 
 
 5. Major JOHN H. COSTER. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 12, 1861, as Captain of Com 
 pany F, First New York Volunteers. Took part in the Peninsular cam 
 paign, in Berry s brigade of Kearny s division. Was severely wounded at 
 Glendale, and left behind in the field hospital, on the retreat. Was cap 
 tured and confined in Libby Prison. Exchanged July, 1862, and discharged 
 from disability, arising from wounds, March 3, 1862. Appointed Colonel of 
 New York Volunteers by Governor Seymour, and gave up appointment 1863. 
 Commissioned by Governor Low as First Lieutenant, Seventh California Vol 
 unteers. Served as Aide-de-Camp to General McDowell, commanding De 
 partment of California, from November 10, 1865, to March 31, 1866, his 
 regiment being then mustered out. Commissioned Captain, First Arizona 
 Volunteers, by Governor McCormick. Served as Aide-de-Camp to General 
 McDowell from April 1, 1866, to June 13, 1866, having then resigned. Com 
 missioned First Lieutenant, Thirtieth United States Infantry, May 14, 1867. 
 Appointed as Aide-de-Camp to General McDowell. Commissioned Major of 
 Volunteers by brevet, " for gallant and meritorious services during the war."" 
 Commissioned Captain, United States Army by brevet, for gallant and meri 
 torious services during the action of Glendale. 
 
 6. Lieutenant JEREMIAH W. COSTAR. 
 Second Lieutenant, Second Regiment, New York Cavalry. 
 
 7. Colonel CHARLES COSTER. 
 
 Colonel One Hundred and Thirty-Fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers, 
 commanding brigade. 
 
 8. Lieutenant WHITTINGHAM Cox. 
 First Lieutenant, Fourth Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 
 9. Lieutenant JOHN L. CHURCHILL. 
 
 First Lieutenant, Third Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 
 10. Paymaster FRANK CLARK. 
 Paymaster United States Navy. 
 
 11. Major SAMUEL DANA. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August 5, 1861, in the Seventeenth Reg 
 iment, United States Infantry, and was engaged in garrison and recruiting 
 service until April, 1863, when he joined his regiment at Potomac Creek, Va., 
 and served through the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, receiving 
 in the latter battle a wound through the leg at the knee-joint, from which he 
 has never recovered. Was laid up several months in consequence of this 
 wound, and was then assigned duty in recruiting and provost-marshal service. 
 Was transferred on the 23d of September, 1866, as ranking Captain of the 
 Twenty-Sixth Infantry. Was brevetted Major, United States Army, " for 
 gallant and meritorious services at Gettysburg, to date from July 2, 1863." 
 
484 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 12. Lieutenant-ColonelJ. LIVINGSTON DE PETSTER. 
 Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, Ninety-Sixth Regiment, New York 
 Volunteers. On General Crawford s staff. 
 
 13. Captain EDWARD D HERVILLY. 
 
 Captain First Regiment, New York Volunteers. For list of campaigns and 
 battles of his regiment, see records of Colonel Leland and General Pierson, 
 below. 
 
 14. Lieutenant WILLIAM DIMMOCK. 
 
 Lieutenant, Eighty-Second Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 15. Lieutenant DAVID DRAKE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, August, 1861, as Second Lieutenant, 
 Seventeenth New York Volunteers. Adjutant and mustering officer of the 
 One Hundred and Seventy-Sixth Regiment, New York Volunteers, August, 
 1862, and of the Thirteenth New York Heavy Artilleiy, May, 1863. First 
 Sergeant, Seventeenth United States Infantry, January, 1864. Discharged 
 June 30, 1865. Served thirty-six months, of which twenty-three were in the 
 field, taking part in the battles at Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, 
 Weldon Road, Peeble s Farm, front of Petersburg, &c. 
 
 16. Major C. J. DUBOIS. 
 
 Captain, Connecticut Volunteers. Brevet Major. Wounded at Gettys 
 burg. 
 
 17. Captain THOMAS FREEBORN. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 11, 1862, as Second Lieuten 
 ant, First Regiment, New York Mounted Rifles. Was promoted to be First 
 Lieutenant, November 24, 1862, and Captain, May 11, 1863; was at Suffolk 
 during the siege by Longstreet ; was shut up in Bermuda Hundreds under 
 Butler in 1864; was at the cavalry attack on Petersburg under Kur,tz and 
 Gillmore ; was present at the various engagements on the Richmond Railroad, 
 the attack on Drury s Bluff, and the engagements at Deep Bottom and the 
 north bank of the James, by Hancock s command, including that at Fort 
 Harrison, where the regiment was dismounted and held an advanced position, 
 receiving commendation for its gallantry. Served on Weldon Railroad, and 
 was mustered out with regiment, May 16, 1865. 
 
 18. Adjutant CHARLES A. GADSDEN. 
 
 Adjutant, Ninth New York Volunteers (Militia). Killed at Camden, North 
 Carolina, April 19, 1862. 
 
 19. Major THEODORE K. GIBBS. 
 
 Field service as an officer, commenced December, 1861, as Lieutenant in the 
 First United States Artillery, at Fort Pickens. Was in all the engagements 
 at that fort till the capture of Pensacola, when he commanded Battery A. 
 Served through the campaign at Port Hudson, in command of First Indiana 
 Battery, and for a time commanded all the artillery. Served with his battery 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 485 
 
 at Morris Island and in Florida at Ten-Mile Station, Baldwin, Saint Mary s 
 Ford, Lake City, and Olustee, at which battle he was wounded. Served also 
 at Drury s Bluff, and Proctor s Creek, and in command of Battery A. 
 Fifth Artillery, at Cold Harbor, where he was severely wounded in the head, 
 not recovering for four months. Then served at the siege of Petersburg, at 
 Hatcher s Run, and throughout the pursuit of Lee. Was brevetted Captain, 
 United States Army, for gallant and meritorious services at Olustee and as 
 ^Tajor, United States Army, for gallant and meritorious services at Cold 
 Harbor. Major Elder says : " At Folly Island I found his battery in splendid 
 condition, the men well disciplined and drilled, and the horses and material 
 giving evidence of the best care directed by judgment and skill." 
 
 20. Lieutenant RICHARD B. HALL. 
 First Lieutenant, Second Massachusetts Battery. 
 
 21. Lieutenant HERBERT H. HALL. 
 
 22. Lieutenant JOHN G. HECKSHER. 
 First Lieutenant, Twelfth United States Infantry. 
 
 23. Captain H. H. HOLBROOK. 
 
 Captain, Fifty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. Senior Aid, Ninth 
 Corps. 
 v 24. Lieutenant-Colonel EDWARD P. HOLLISTER. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, Fifty-Seventh Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. 
 
 25. Adjutant EFFINGHAM T. HYATT. 
 Adjutant, Thirty-Fifth Regiment, Missouri Volunteers. 
 
 26. Lieutenant-Colonel WILLIAM A. KOBBB. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May, 1861, as private, One Hundred and 
 Seventy-Eighth Regiment, New York Volunteers. Was promoted to be Cor 
 poral ; to be Sergeant; to be Second Lieutenant; and, October 17, 1863, to be 
 First Lieutenant. Served in Sixteenth Army Corps throughout the Mis 
 sissippi Valley, took part in Meridian Expedition under Sherman, and in the 
 battle at Clinton. In A. J. Smith s division, stormed Fort De Rassy and took 
 conspicuous part in the battle of Pleasant Hill. Marched in A. J. Smith s 
 corps (styled Smith s guerillas, from their rapid raids), famous for its rapid 
 and long, forced marches, all over the West. Took part in the battles of 
 Tuppello, and Hurricane Creek, Mississippi, and then drove Price through 
 Missouri into Kansas by a seven-hundred-mile march, engaging him at Frank 
 lin. Aide-de-Camp on brigade staff at the battle of Nashville, thence pro 
 ceeded to the siege of Mobile and assaulted Fort Blakely. Promoted in 
 1865 to be Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General on Davies s staff. Mus 
 tered out March 1, 1866. Brevetted, at recommendation of General Thomas, 
 as Major and Lieutenant-Colonel ; March 17, 1866, Second Lieutenant, Nine 
 teenth Infantry ; in 1867, First Lieutenant in Thirty-Seventh Infantry. 
 
486 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 27. Captain F. W. LEGGETT. 
 
 Entered the United States service, November 3, 1862, as Captain of a com 
 pany raised at his own expense for the Ninth Michigan Cavalry. Served in 
 Kentucky in constant skirmishing with John Morgan, Everett, and other 
 guerillas. Served in Tennessee around Knoxville, fighting General Jones, at 
 Carter s Station and Zollicoffer. Served at Knoxville under Burnside. Was 
 in battles of Clinch Mountain, Morristown, Bean Station, Blains Cross,* 
 Roads and other engagements, for which he received commendation of his 
 superior officers. 
 
 28. Lieutenant-Colonel FRANCIS L. LELAND. 
 
 Entered the First New York Volunteers in 1861, as a line officer, and was 
 promoted to be Major and to be Lieutenant-Colonel. Served with the Army 
 of the Potomac on the Peninsula, and through the Maryland campaign. On 
 the Peninsula, the First New York Volunteers was on picket in the rear of the 
 retreating army through the 29th of June, and, on the 30th, being engaged at 
 Glendale or Charles City Cross-Roads, lost, in killed and wounded (including 
 all its color-guard, comprising four sergeants and eleven corporals), two hun 
 dred and eighty men. For other facts, see record of General Pierson, below. 
 
 29. Major THOMAS LORD, JR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October 8, 1862, as Aide-de-Camp and As 
 sistant Adjutant-General on the staff of General Dix, in Virginia and De 
 partment of the East, until July, 1865. Was then ordered to staff of General 
 Hooker, as Assistant Adjutant-General. Mustered out November, 1865. 
 Brevetted Major, United States Volunteers, for meritorious services, to date 
 July 7, 1864. 
 
 30. Captain HENRY W. MILLER. 
 
 Captain, One Hundred and First Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 31. Captain GEORGE M. MILLER. 
 Captain, on General Meagher s staff. 
 
 32. Major R. L. MORRIS. 
 
 Entered the United States service in July, 1861, as First Lieutenant, 
 Eighteenth Infantry. Took the field December, 1861. Served at the 
 siege of Corinth, the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Buzzards Roost, 
 Resaca, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, and at many skirmishes dur 
 ing Buell s and Sherman s campaigns. Served for a short time on the staffs 
 of Generals Townsend and L. Thomas. Promoted to be Captain, De 
 cember 31, 1862; brevetted Major, United States Army. Is still in the army. 
 
 33. Captain ROBERT MORRIS. 
 Captain, First Regiment, New York Volunteers. 
 
 34. Major NATHAN F. Moss. 
 Major, Eleventh Regiment, Rhode Island Volunteers. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 487 
 
 35. Lieutenant J. DELANCEY NEILL. 
 Captain on General Duryea s staff. 
 
 36. Brigadier-General J. FREDERICK PIERSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 27, 1861, in the First Regiment, New- 
 York Volunteers. Was promoted to be Major, July 29, 1861 ; Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, September 10, 1861 ; Colonel, October 9, 1862. Was made Brigadier- 
 General by brevet, March 13, 1865. Fought the regiment in the following 
 engagements : Big Bethel, Hampton Roads, Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, Glen- 
 dale or Charles City Cross-Roads, Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, Chan- 
 tillv, Fredericksburg, second Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, besides many 
 smaller affairs. Part of the time commanded the Third Brigade, First 
 Division, Third Corps. Was wounded at Glendale (where his horse was 
 killed under him), and was shot through the shoulder and chest at Chancel 
 lorsville, while leading a charge. Mustered out, with his regiment, May, 1863. 
 Again sworn in, in June, 1863, as Aid to General Hall, who was sent into 
 Maryland with New York militia, and served three months. 
 
 37. Lieutenant-Colonef HENRY L. PIERSON. 
 
 Entered the United States service, September 6, 1862, as Adjutant, One Hun 
 dred and Forty-First Regiment, New York Volunteers. November 1, 1862, 
 was appointed Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General, United States Volun 
 teers. December 13, 1863, Lieutenant-Colonel, Second New Orleans Volun 
 teers. Resigned July 1, 1864. Served in Department of Gulf. 
 
 38. Colonel CLIFTON K. PRENTISS. 
 
 Entered the United States service, March 30, 1862, as private, Company I, 
 Fifth Regiment, Maryland Volunteers. July 30, 1862, Second Lieutenant, 
 Sixth Maryland Volunteers. August 27, 1862, Captain. December 2, 1862, 
 Major. Served at Winchester, August 13, 1863, ad at Opequan Creek ; also 
 at Locust Grove, November 27, 1863. Was in battles of Wilderness and 
 Grant s campaign, including Cold Harbor and Petersburg. Then sent to 
 Shenandoah Valley, serving with great distinction at Fisher s Hill, Cedar 
 Creek, and Fort Stedman. On the 1st of April was in the grand charge at 
 Petersburg, where he was mortally wounded, the ball striking him in the chest ; 
 but he lingered several months. Was recommended for gallantry and for a 
 " position in the Regular Army," by Generals Wright, Ricketts, Seymour, 
 and Keifer. Brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel of Volunteers, April 2, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at Petersburg. 
 
 39. Captain J. HENRY PLUME. 
 
 Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General, New Jersey Volunteers. Killed at 
 Manassas, August 29, 1862. 
 
 40. Adjutant FRITZ ROBERT. 
 Adjutant, Fourth Regiment, New York Cavalry. 
 
488 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 41. Paymaster WILLIAM H. REID. 
 
 Acting Assistant Paymaster, United States Navy. 
 
 42. Captain HENRY A. SAND. 
 
 Entered the United States service, October, 1861, as Captain in the One 
 Hundred and Third Regiment, New York Volunteers. Joined Burnside in 
 North Carolina, and served with distinction in several expeditions. Went 
 with Burnside to Virginia, and served for a time as Provost-Marshal at Fal- 
 mouth. Was in the reserve at South Mountain. At Antietam charged in 
 front of his regiment, and, the color-bearer falling under a terrific fire, he took 
 the flag and planted it far ahead, calling, " Come on, boys ! come on, come up 
 to that! " he fell, his thigh shattered by a cannon-ball, in the moment of vic 
 tory; and, after enduring his sufferings with great fortitude, died on the night 
 of the 30th of October, 1862. His old comrades of Company K followed his 
 remains to their resting-place in Greenwood. 
 
 43. Captain ROBERT S. SEABURY. 
 Captain on General Owen s staff. Killed at Spottsylvania, May 6, 1864. 
 
 44. Major WILLIAM H. SCHIEFFELIN. 
 
 Entered the United States service in August, 18G2, as Major in the First 
 Regiment, New York Mounted Rifles. Served at Suffolk during Longstreet s 
 siege, and was constantly on scouting and skirmishing duty for a year in Vir 
 ginia and North Carolina. Served also as volunteer Aid on General C. C. 
 
 Dodge s staff. 
 
 45. Captain F. A. SCHERMERHORN. 
 
 First Lieutenant and Brevet Captain on General Griffin s staff. 
 
 46. Lieutenant DAVID J. SCOTT. 
 
 First Lieutenant, Tenth Regiment, United States Infantry, on General 
 
 Corse s staff. 
 
 47. Adjutant W. H. M. SISTARE. 
 
 Adjutant, New York Volunteers. 
 
 48. Captain J. STEWART SLASSON. 
 Captain, on General Augur s staff. 
 
 49. Lieutenant WRIGHT STAPLES. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Lieutenant, in the Eleventh United States 
 Infantry. Killed at the battle of the Wilderness. Against the urgent remon 
 strances of the surgeon and of his brother-officers, he rose from a sick-bed in 
 the field hospital to join his comrades in action, and fell, while rallying his 
 men in face of the enemy. His commanding officer declared that the regiment 
 and its record is equal to any possessed no braver man or better officer. 
 His comrades all testify to his personal courage, his high sense of honor, and 
 his manly disposition. His Company, K, Seventh Regiment, passed resolu 
 tions of respect to his memory. 
 
ROLL OF HONOR. 489 
 
 50. Adjutant J. BRAINERD TAYLOR. 
 
 Entered the United States service, May 24, 1861, as Adjutant, Seventeenth 
 Regiment, New York Volunteers. Served in garrison at Washington. Re 
 signed in spring of 1862. Enlisted in Twenty-Fifth Regiment, New York 
 Cavalry, was made First Sergeant, and served at Washington, in Early s 
 raid, and in Shenandoah Valley, in 1864, at Cedar Creek, Salem, Newtown, 
 Halltown, Charlestown, and Winchester. 
 
 51. Sergeant-Major ED. F. THOMPSON. 
 
 Sergeant-Major, Eighteenth Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 
 52. Lieutenant W. W. TOMPKINS. 
 
 First Lieutenant, Third Regiment, United States Artillery. 
 
 53. Surgeon A. VAN CORTLANDT. 
 
 Surgeon, United States Army. 
 
 54. Major STEPHEN VAN RENSSELAER. 
 
 Major, Seventeenth Regiment, United States Infantry. 
 
 55. Captain E. B. VAN WINKLE. 
 
 Entered the United States service, December 27, 1862, as First Lieutenant, 
 One Hundred and Third New York Volunteers, and was detailed as Aide-de- 
 Camp to General Viele. Served also with regiment at Folly Island, and on 
 staffs of Generals Gibbon, Gillmore, mid Hatch. Was engaged at Bloody 
 Bridge, Honey Hill, and Combahee. February 2, 1865, was commissioned 
 Captain of the One Hundred and Third Regiment, United States Colored 
 troops. Resigned July 11, 1865. 
 
 56. Brigadier-General EGBERT L. VIELE. 
 
 Entered the United States service in 1861 as Brigadier-General, United 
 States Volunteers. Proceeded with his brigade on the Dupont Expedition, 
 which captured Port Royal. Took prominent part in constructing the bat 
 teries which reduced Fort Pulaski. Was engaged in the occupation of Nor 
 folk, under Wool, and was made Military Governor of the city. Resigned 
 in 1863. 
 
 57. Adjutant W. S. WALLACE. 
 
 Adjutant, First Regiment, New York Volunteers. For list of campaigns 
 and battles of First Regiment, New York Volunteers, see records of General 
 Pierson and Colonel Leland, above. 
 
 58. Major O. WETMORE, JR. 
 Major, Thirteenth Regiment, New York Artillery. 
 
 59. Private EDWARD B. WELLES. 
 
490 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH REGIMENT. 
 
 60. Adjutant JOHN C. WHITE. 
 
 Adjutant, First Regiment, New York Volunteers. For list of campaigns 
 and battles of First Regiment, New York Volunteers, see records of General 
 Pierson and Colonel Leland, above. 
 
 61. Captain JOHN B. WINSLOW. 
 
 Entered the United States service as Corporal in Battery K (Bunting s Bat 
 tery), Ninth New York State Militia, afterwards the Sixth New York Inde 
 pendent Battery, and served with it till in front of Yorktown ; was then com 
 missioned Captain and Assistant-Quartermaster, United States Volunteers, to 
 date from April 14, 1861, and as such received, issued, and paid for all the 
 forage used by McClellan s army on the Peninsula. Served afterwards in the 
 Fifth Corps, successively as Brigade or Division Quartermaster on the staffs 
 of General Barnes, General Humphries, Captain A. P. Martin, of Third 
 Massachusetts Battery, commanding the Artillery Brigade of the Fifth Corps, 
 General J. J. Bartlett, and General Griffin. Was then, in December, 1864, 
 ordered to Sherman s army, and reported successively to the staffs of Generals 
 Easton, Howard, and Logan. Thereafter served at Louisville, Ky., and 
 Columbus, Ga. Was honorably discharged, January 8, 1867. Was present 
 at the battles of Ball s Bluff, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville (in which his 
 horse was killed), Gettysburg, and most of the battles from the Wilderness to 
 Petersburg. 
 
 62. Engineer CHARLES WINTER. 
 Served in the United States navy during the war. 
 
KOLL OF HONOR. 491 
 
 NAMES AND BANK 
 
 OF THE MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 SEVENTH REGIMENT, NATIONAL GUARD, 
 
 WHO WERE KILLED OR DIED OF DISEASE OR WOUNDS IN THE 
 UNITED STATES SERVICE. 
 
 First Company (A.) 
 
 1. Captain George B. Le Fort, killed at the Wilderness, Va. 
 
 2. Captain Theodore Russell, killed at Fair Oaks, Va. 
 
 3. Captain J. J. Trenor, killed at Fair Oaks, Va. 
 
 Second Company (B). 
 
 4. Captain Henry H. Alden, killed at Ball s Bluff, Va. 
 
 5. Colonel Noah L. Farnham, died from wounds, Bull Run, Va. (1861). 
 
 6. Captain Eugene Kelty, killed at Baton Ro uge, La. 
 
 7. Lieutenant Silas A. Miller, killed at Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 8. Sergeant Gordon S. Phipps, killed at Bristow Station, Va. 
 
 9. Lieutenant D. Van Postley, killed at Donaldsonville, La. 
 
 Third Company (C). 
 
 10. Lieutenant-Colonel Robert McD. Hart, killed at Cedar Oeek, Va. 
 
 11. Lieutenant John A. Baker, died in the United States service, Fort Federal 
 
 Hill, Md. 
 
 12. Captain Frederick Hurst, died from wounds, Charleston, S. C. 
 
 13. Captain IJ. G. Radcliffe, killed at Murfreesboro , Tenn. 
 
 14. Captain Samuel G. Mulligan, died in the United States service, Elizabeth, 
 
 N. J. 
 
 15. Lieutenant W. R. Tremaine, died in the United States service, New York. 
 
 Fourth Company (D). 
 
 16. Colonel Alford B. Chapman, killed at the Wilderness, Va. 
 
 17. Captain Edward A. Harrison, killed at Bull Run, Va. (1862). 
 
 18. Colonel James E. Mallow, killed at Bristow Station, Va. 
 
 19. Lieutenant James E. Moies, died in the United States service, New Or 
 
 leans, La. 
 
 20. Captain Samuel H. Starr, died in the United States service, Vicksburg, 
 
 Miss. 
 
492 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH EEGIMENT. 
 
 Fifth Company (E). 
 
 21. Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas J. Addis, died from, wounds in the United 
 
 States service. 
 
 22. Captain George W. Bissell, died in the United States service. 
 
 23. Sergeant Augustus Fleet, killed at Fair Oaks, Va. 
 
 24. Lieutenant William H. Kingsland, died at Andersonville, Ga. 
 
 25. Captain George W. Lewis, dit-d from wounds, garrison s Landing, Va. 
 
 26. Lieutenant Henry N. Timolat, killed in the Shenandoah Valley, Va. 
 
 27. Lieutenant-Colonel George Tucker, died in the United States service, New 
 
 Orleans, La. 
 
 Sixth Company (F). 
 
 28. Captain Henry Arnold, killed at Olustee, Fla. 
 
 29. Captain Edward A. Cowdrey, mortally wounded at Five Forks, Va. 
 
 30. Captain Asher M. Ellsworth, died in the United States service, Port 
 
 Hudson, La. 
 
 31. Captain Henry W. Hicks, mortally wounded at Port Hudson, La. 
 
 32. Major Lindley M. H. Miller, died in the United States service, New York, 
 
 June, 1864. 
 
 33. Colonel Robert G. Shaw, killed at Fort Wagner, S. C. 
 
 34. Lieutenant Charles J. Smedberg, died in camp, near Falmouth, Va. 
 
 35. Lieutenant Frederick A. Tracy, died in the United States service, New 
 
 York, June 3, 1862. 
 
 36. Lieutenant Charles F. Van Duser, killed at Gaines s Mills, Va. 
 
 37. Lieutenant James II. Van Nostrand, died a prisoner of war at Lynchburg, 
 
 Va. 
 
 Seventh Company (G). 
 
 38. Lieutenant A. S. Bogert, died from wounds, Fair Oaks, Va. 
 
 39. Captain Louis C. Lent, killed at Fort Wagner, S. C. 
 
 40. Captain Fitz-James O Brien, died from wounds, Blooming Gap, Va. 
 
 41. Captain George A. Morey, died in United States service, Harrison s Land 
 
 ing, Va. 
 
 42. Lieutenant-Colonel George H. Stevens, killed at Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 43. Captain William J. Williams, killed at Fair Oaks, Va. 
 
 44. Private William E. Schenck, drowned in United States service, New 
 
 York Harbor. 
 
 Eighth Company (H). 
 
 45. Private J. Lawrence Keese, killed in United States service, Washington, 
 
 D. C. 
 
 46. Captain S. A. Mellick, died in the United States service, Fortress Monroe, Va. 
 
 47. Adjutant Lewis O. Parmelee, killed at Antietam, Md. 
 
 Ninth Company (I). 
 
 48. Major Theodore Winthrop, killed at Great Bethel, Va. 
 49 Captain William Wheeler, killed at Gulp s Farm, Va. 
 50. Sergeant Fordred Draysen, killed at Cold Harbor, Va. 
 
ROLL, OF HONOR. 493 
 
 Tenth Company (K}. 
 
 51. Lieutenant Milnor Brown, killed at Gettysburg, Pa. 
 52 Adjutant Charles A. Gadsen, killed at Carnden, N. C. 
 
 53. Captain J. Henry Plume, killed at Manassas, Va 
 
 54. Major Clifton K. Prentiss, died from wounds, Petersburg, Va. 
 
 55. Captain Henry A. Sand, killed at Antietam, Md. 
 
 56. Captain Robert Seabury, killed at Spottsylvania, Va. 
 
 57. Captain Wright Staples, killed in the Wilderness, Va. 
 
 58. Private Edward B. Welles, died in United States service, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Total number of members of the Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., who 
 served as officers in the Regular and Volunteer Army and Navy of the United 
 States during the Great Rebellion : 
 
 Company A 43 
 
 B 80 
 
 " C . 57 
 
 D 42 
 
 E 54 
 
 F 97 
 
 " G . . . . 64 
 
 " H 65 
 
 "I 42 
 
 " K j62 
 
 Total 606 
 
 Number of members of the Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., who were 
 killed or died of disease or wounds in the United States service during the 
 Great Rebellion, 58. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 I. THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 
 
 Report of Colonel Lefferts to the Adjutant- General s Office, 
 in accordance iviih General Order Number 10, May 13, 1861. 
 
 SIR, In compliance with General Order Number 10, I have the honor to 
 submit the following report : 
 
 The regiment under my command forms part of the First Division of New 
 York State troops, of New York City. We left New York April 19th, at six 
 o clock, P. si., by cars, provided by the United States Quartermaster s Depart 
 ment, and arrived in Philadelphia about 3.30 o clock, A. M., 20th April, when 
 I was informed we could not go farther by rail. At 5.20 o clock, A. M., I 
 telegraphed the Honorable Secretary of War. 
 
 I received no answer to the despatch, and the information given me hav 
 ing been confirmed, that no transportation could be had south of Havre de 
 Grace, or certainly not south of Baltimore, I chartered the steamer Boston, 
 at twelve o clock, M., which was about ready to sail for New York. I had her 
 cargo taken out, coaled, provisioned, &c., embarked my command and sailed 
 at four o clock, p. M., same day. Not finding any government vessel at the. 
 mouth of the Potomac, and without any information as to the state of affairs 
 in Virginia, I deemed it prudent and best to go to Annapolis, where I could 
 take position and assist in making, by the way of Perrysville, a military base 
 line connecting the North and East with the capital. 
 
 We arrived at Annapolis Monday morning, April 22d, about daylight. We 
 did not land until five o clock, p. M., having been a part of the day endeavor 
 ing to hail the steamer, with General Butler and command on board, off the 
 sand-bar. 
 
 We landed under protest of the Mayor and committee of citizens of the 
 city. 
 
 We remained at Annapolis until daylight, 24th April. The cause of this 
 detention was the want of food for the march ; also ammunition, of which we 
 had but ten rounds, and especially the want of one or two wagons to accom 
 pany the march, for sick and wounded and which could not be procured even 
 at an exorbitant price. I marched with my command for nineteen hours, 
 mending railroad track as we progressed, carrying rails, spikes, &c., &c., for 
 
496 APPENDIX. 
 
 the purpose, on one platform-car pushed by hand. We also had two other 
 platform-cars, one for sick and wounded, the other mounted with twelve- 
 pound howitzer, ammunition, grape and canister. These were also pushed by 
 hand. We arrived within one and a half miles of the Junction at daylight of 
 the 25th, where we halted, sending two detachments forward to secure the 
 depot and keep open the communication with the main body. From the Junc 
 tion we were brought on by cars, arriving in Washington on the 25th April, 
 twelve, noon, and were quartered in the Capitol in the Hall of Representatives, 
 where we remained until the afternoon of the 2d May, when we pitched our 
 tents, by directions from head-quarters, at this place, Mount Pleasant, and 
 named our camp Camp Cameron. 
 
 By import this morning, our aggi-egate is eleven hundred and fifty-six men. 
 
 We have eight infantry and two flank companies. 
 
 We have rifle muskets for the eight companies and sword-bayonet rifles for 
 the two flank companies. 
 
 We have about thirty rounds of ammunition per man. I consider the com 
 mand in a good state of drill, and the evolutions are according to Hardee, 
 excepting the manual, which is Scott s, or Infantry of the Line. 
 
 Some of my companies have been drilled as skirmishers. 
 
 The whole regiment commenced target-practice on Saturday, May llth, 
 at seventy-five yards, and the result of the first day s practice was fifty- 
 five hundredths hits, target twenty-two and seventy-two inches. 
 
 The bayonet-exercise has not been taught generally. The regiment have 
 camp equipage for one thousand men. 
 
 The organization of the Quartermaster s, Commissary, and Medical De 
 partments are efficient. 
 
 H. THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts s Official Report. 
 
 NEW YOKK, January 4, 1863. 
 GENERAL WM. HALL, Commanding Third Brigade. 
 
 SIR, Incompliance with your instructions to report in reference to the 
 last campaign of my regiment, I would state that my orders having come direct 
 from head-quarters at Albany, and upon and subsequently to my arrival at 
 Philadelphia having been entirely detached from your brigade and attached to 
 the Third Army Corps of the Army of the Potomac, Major-General French 
 commanding, I made my report in Novemher last -to the Adjutant-General 
 at Albany ; but hereto append a copy, which I suppose will meet your wishes. 
 I am, sir, your obedient servant, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
APPENDIX. 497 
 
 NEW YORK, November 1, 1863. 
 J. T. SPRAGUB, Adjutant-General. 
 
 SIR, I have the honor to report that on the morning of the 16th June 
 I received the following telegram : 
 
 ALBANY, June 15, 7.15 o clock, p. M. 
 To COLONEL MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. N. G. 
 
 The Governor desires to know, immediately, how soon the Seventh Regiment 
 can be in readiness to move to Philadelphia. 
 Cannot the Seventh be the first regiment? 
 
 J. B. STONEHOUSE, A. A. Adjutant- General. 
 
 As I was absent from the city I did not receive this despatch until the next 
 morning at ten o clock, when I answered as follows : 
 
 NEW YORK, June 16, 10 o clock, A. M. 
 J. B. STOREHOUSE, A. A. General, Albany. 
 
 Have just arrived in this city, and have your telegram. I presume I can 
 move with my regiment this evening. In order to carry full complement of 
 men, it is necessary that I should be able to state to them definitely the time 
 they will be required to be absent ; and it will be difficult for them to remain 
 any length of time, leaving on such short notice. Can they volunteer without 
 being mustered into the service of the United States "? 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Col. commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 To which I received the following answer : 
 
 ALBANY, June 16, 10.55 o clock, A. M. 
 To COLONEL M. LEFFERTS. 
 
 The Governor directs that you proceed forthwith with your regiment as full 
 as possible to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and report to Major-General Couch. 
 
 They volunteer for not to exceed three (3) months service, most likely not 
 more than thirty (30) days will be required. 
 
 Requisition for transportation will be made upon Major Yan Vleit, Xo. 6 
 State Street, and for subsistence upon Colonel A. B. Eaton, 7 State Street. 
 
 JOHN T. SPRAGUE, Adjutant- General. 
 
 Upon receipt of this telegram, my orders for assembly of the officers and 
 men was promulgated, and requisition made for transportation to be in readi 
 ness, and should have taken our departure ; but General Hall, who did not 
 know of my order to move immediately, went to the armory and detained the 
 men until the following morning, of which I promptly advised you by 
 telegraph. 
 
 At an early hour on the morning of the 17th June, we left the city, via, 
 Amboy, with a total of men, but in consequence of delays on the road 
 
 did not reach Philadelphia until late in the afternoon. 
 
 At this poiut I was requested to report to Colonel Ruff, U. S. A., command- 
 32 
 
498 APPENDIX. 
 
 ing at Philadelphia, who informed me that I should proceed to Baltimore, in 
 conformity to the following order : 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, PHILADELPHIA, PA., June 17, 1863. 
 To COMMANDING OFFICER, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M. 
 
 SIR, You will proceed without delay to Baltimore, Md. Report on the 
 arrival of your regiment to Major-General Robert Schenck, U. S. V., com 
 manding that military department. Transportation is provided for your regi 
 ment via the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad. 
 By command of 
 
 MAJOR-GENERAL HALLECK, General-in-Chief. 
 C. S. RUFF, Lieutenant- Colonel, Third Cavalry, U. S. A., commanding Philadelphia. 
 
 Although I held your order to proceed to Harrishurg, I could not doubt you 
 would desire m to go where there was the most need of my services, and at 
 once marched my regiment forward, sending you the following notification of 
 the change : 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, Midnight, June 17, 1863. 
 J. T. SPRAGUE, Adjutant- General. 
 
 I have received orders from Major-General Halleck to proceed to Baltimore, 
 and am now in the cars ready to leave for that city. I presume this will 
 receive the sanction of the Governor. 
 
 M. LEFFERTS, Colonel commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 Upon arrival at Baltimore, I reported to Major-General Schenck, and was 
 ordered on duty in the city for that night and following day, when we were 
 directed to relieve the One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth Regiment N. Y. S. V., 
 Colonel Porter, at Fort Federal Hill. We remained at that post until the 3d 
 July, during which time we were actively engaged on outpost and other duty, 
 being frequently reduced to one hundred and fifty men in the fort. 
 
 On the 5th July we were ordered to report to General Briggs, and proceed to 
 Frederick, Md., in light marching order, leaving tents, knapsacks, and baggage 
 behind. This order was received during the night, and although two of our 
 outposts were distant nine and twelve miles respectively, they were called in, 
 and the regiment moved from the fort at eight o clock, A. M., in a drenching 
 rain. 
 
 At Monocacy Junction we were detained some time, awaiting the decision 
 of, I believe, Major-General Meade, whether the troops then on the road should 
 go to Harper s Ferry ; finally, we received orders to march to Frederick City. 
 By order leaving two detachments for duty near that city, the regiment went 
 into camp on the road to Harper s Ferry. We were here assigned to duty in 
 the Third Army Corps, Army of the Potomac. On the 9th July, by the fol 
 lowing order, I assumed command of Frederick, relieving General French, who 
 was ordered to the command of the Third Army Corps : 
 
APPENDIX. 499 
 
 SPECIAL ORDER No. 24. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK CITY, July 8, 1863. 
 
 II. Colonel Lefferts, Seventh Regiment N. Y. S. M., is detailed on special 
 duty in Frederick City. Colonel Lefferts will make such arrangements for 
 guarding the depots, and for the police required for the city, as he may deem, 
 necessary. 
 
 III. Major H. A. Cole, Maryland Cavalry, will report to Colonel Lefferts 
 for instruction. 
 
 IV. The battalion, Fourteenth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, under Major 
 Rolfe, now on duty at Monocacy Junction, will be relieved by a detachment 
 from the Seventh Regiment, New York ; after which, Major Rolfe will report 
 to these head-quarters in person. 
 
 By order of MAJOR-GENERAL FRENCH. 
 
 Monocacy Junction was made the grand depot for the Army of the Poto 
 mac, and a large portion of the army was then moving through Frederick to 
 South Mountain, Hagerstown, and pressing the Rebel Army to WilKamsport. 
 Our duties were active, and, I trust, faithfully performed. On July 14 I 
 received the following order, at four o clock, p. M. Called in the various 
 detachments, and marched to Monocacy Junction. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, FREDERICK, July 14, 1863. 
 COLONEL LEFFERTS, Commanding Seventh Regiment, N. Y. S. N. 
 
 SIR, Major-General Hallcck directs that the Seventh Regiment, N. Y. S. 
 M., be sent to New York by railroad, to report to Major-General Wool. You 
 will please to take immediate measures to carry out the order. 
 
 EDWARD SCHRIVER, General Commanding. 
 
 I had already been notified by telegraph of the disgraceful riot in New York 
 city, and upon receipt of the foregoing order made all haste in its execution. 
 Detachments were called in, and. notwithstanding the roads were very heavy 
 from a three days storm, we reached Monocacy Junction in four and a half 
 hours from the time I received the order at Frederick City. I had sent one of 
 my staff to the Junction to explain the necessity of the transportation being 
 ready, but I regret to say we did not leave the Junction until 11.45 o clock, 
 p. M., and from this hour until daylight of the 16th July wenvere on the 
 road. 
 
 Receiving from his Excellency the Governor an intimation that the rails 
 would Jae taken up at or near Newark, and my regiment probably attacked, 
 which circumstance might delay my arrival in New York City, and the press 
 ing necessity for our presence, I succeeded, with the assistance of Colonel E. 
 S. Sandford, in arranging with the authorities to transport the regiment via 
 Amboy, landing at Canal Street. I marched up Broadway to the head-quar 
 ters of Major-General Wool, at St. Nicholas Hotel, and reported for duty. I 
 
500 APPENDIX. 
 
 was directed by the General to proceed to the regimental armory and remain 
 in readiness for immediate service. At ten o clock, A. M., I reported to his 
 Excellency the Governor that, in consequence of the order directing us to leave 
 all baggage behind upon our departure from Baltimore, to join the Army 
 of the Potomac, then moving upon Hagerstown, Md., my men were en 
 tirely destitute of extra clothing ; and had not at the time of their arrival in 
 New York changed their underclothing for a period of eleven days, during 
 which time they had also been without even shelter-tents. 
 
 At three o clock, p. M. of the same day I received the following order : 
 
 ORDERS. 
 
 NEW YORK, 16th July, 1863. 
 
 Colonel Lefferts, of the Seventh Regiment, New York State Militia, will 
 proceed and take station with his regiment as follows : 
 
 His head-quarters with one battalion at the Eighteenth Precinct, and one 
 battalion under command of the senior field officers at the Twenty-First Pre 
 cinct, the Colonel commanding both. He is charged with suppressing all 
 mobs and riots, and will sternly use all means he has in doing so. 
 
 His district extends from Seventh Street to Sixty-Fifth Street, and he will 
 make such further distribution of his regiment as he may think proper. He 
 will continue in that district until he receives further orders, and will make 
 frequent reports to these head-quarters. 
 By command of 
 
 Brev. Brig.-Gen. HARVEY BROWN. 
 
 JOHN B. FROTHINGHAM, Lieut.-CoL A. D. C. U. S. A. 
 
 Upon its receipt I at once marched my command into the district indicated, 
 making my head-quarters at the Police Station, Thirty-Fifth Street, two doors 
 from the Third Avenue. , 
 
 Although we were fired upon during the march, and in some cases shots 
 returned, yet I knew of no casualties. After dark my detachments of observa 
 tion were continually annoyed by shots from the houses and other places of 
 concealment. At ten o clock, P. M., I directed a detachment of four compa 
 nies, and a battery of two pieces under command of Captain Rogers, Com- 
 pa,ny I, to pass through the district under command of Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Price, as low down as Fourteenth Street. This was promptly executed. 
 
 I herewith subjoin my report of the following morning. 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS, TWENTY-FIRST POLICE PRECINCT, 17th <fuly. 
 GENERAL HARVEY BROWN, Police Head-quarters. 
 
 SIR, I have the honor to report the district under my charge as quiet after 
 12 o clock, P. M. I was obliged to use harsh measures during the evening, but 
 hope we shall have no further trouble. 
 
 In obedience to orders, a thorough patrol of the district between Thirty- 
 
APPENDIX. 501 
 
 Fifth Street and Fourteenth Street, Third Avenue, and East River, was made 
 last evening after 10 o clock, p. M. 
 None of my men were injured. 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel commanding Seventh Regiment. 
 
 During the night of the 16th I was informed of several depositories of arms 
 in the custody of the moh, and accordingly, on the morning of the 11M:h, I pro 
 ceeded with my whole force to Thirty-Eighth Street and Second Avenue, and 
 by surrounding the block, the houses were searched. This I continued from 
 square to square, toward Fourteenth Street, aided by a platoon of police under 
 charge of Acting Captain Blacket, who rendered efficient service. 
 
 Some two hundred and fifty arms (many of them loaded and capped) were 
 secured, and considerable clothing, which had been stolen from the store of 
 Messrs. Brooks. 
 
 At 2 o clock, p. M., of this day, I received orders from head-quarters to return 
 to the armory. 
 
 On the afternoon of the 18th I was obliged, by indisposition, to give the 
 command to Lieutenant-Colonel Price. 
 
 From this period the regiment remained on duty without anything material 
 to note. 
 
 I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, 
 
 MARSHALL LEFFERTS, Colonel Commanding. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 Cambridge : Stereotyped and Printed by Welch, Bigelow, & Co. 
 
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