I COMMANDING OFFICERS OF THE REGIMENT. THE One Hundred and Twentieth REGIMENT NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS. A NARRATIVE OF ITS SERVICES IN THE WAR FOR THE UNION. BY C. VAN SANTVOORD, D. D. Ghaplqiit, U,, S. A.,*iS6*-j. PUBLISHED BY THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. REGIMENTAL UNION. 1894 : PRESS OF THE KINGSTON FREEMAN, RONDOUT, N. Y. . 1 2.0m V3 ? HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NEW YORK, GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, CAPITOL, ALBANY, N. Y., February 25, 1904. It is with profound sadness that the Department Com mander announces to the Comrades of this Department the death of Past Department Commander GEORGE H. TREADWELL, who died in the City of Albany, January 2ist, 1904, after an extended illness. Of distinguished ancestry, gifted, dignified, pleasant and courtly in manners, prominent and highly respected as a citizen, gallant and brave as a soldier, and devoted to the best interests of the Grand Army of the Republic, which he served with honor and zeal, his memory will be cherished by his surviving Comrades, whose sympathies with those of the Department Commander, are hereby tendered to his bereaved family and friends. The Department Commander with sincere regrets also announces to the Department the recent death of that loyal friend to the veterans and their families, Mrs. ELLEN M. PUTNAM, late Superintendent of the Oxford Home, whose establishment and success were so largely owing to the untiring labors, good judgment and zeal of Mrs. Putnam. Widely known because of her devotion to the arduous duties pertaining to her position, amiable in disposition and upright in char acter, her untimely death is a great loss to her family and many friends as well as to our noble auxiliary, the Woman s Relief Corps, whose cause she served so long and so successfully. JOHN S. KOSTER, Department Commander. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF NEW YORK, GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, CAPITOL, ALBANY, N. Y., February ^5, 1904. It is with profound sadness that the Department Com mander announces to the Comrades of this Department the death of Past Department Commander GEORGE H. TREADWELL, who died in the City of Albany, January 2ist, 1904, after an extended illness. Of distinguished ancestry, gifted, dignified, pleasant and courtly in manners, prominent and highly respected as a citizen, gallant and brave as a soldier, and devoted to the best interests of the Grand Army of the Republic, which he served with honor and zeal, his memory will be cherished by his surviving Comrades, whose sympathies with those of the Department Commander, are hereby tendered to his bereaved family and friends. The Department Commander with sincere regrets also announces to the Department the recent death of that loyal friend to the veterans and their families, Mrs. ELLEN M. PUTNAM, late Superintendent of the Oxford Home, whose establishment and success were so largely owing to the untiring labors, good judgment and zeal of Mrs. Putnam. Widely known because of her devotion to the arduous duties pertaining to her position, amiable in disposition and upright in char acter, her untimely death is a great loss to her family and many friends as well as to our noble auxiliary, the Woman s Relief Corps, whose cause she served so long and so successfully. JOHN S. KOSTER, Department Commander. CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTORY War Spirit in Ulster County i II. THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH ORGANIZED DEPARTURE FOR THE FIELD 9 III. BETWEEN THE POTOMAC AND RAPPAHANNOCK . 22 IV. BURNSIDE AND FREDERICKSBURG 3 I V. HOOKER IN COMMAND AND A NEW CAMPAIGN OPENED. . 37 VI. CHANCELLORSVILLE AND ITS STORY 48 VII. REBELLION RAMPANT AND THE INVASION OF THE NORTH 58 VIII. GETTYSBURG AND ITS ISSUES 68 IX. GENERAL GRANT IN CHIEF COMMAND CAMPAIGNING ON THE RAPIDAN 78 X. ANDERSONVILLE A Veteran s Narrative 89 XI. THE WILDERNESS AND ITS TRIALS 1 06 XII. SPOTTSYLVANIA 117 XIII. COLD HARBOR 125 XIV. THE UNION ARMY ACROSS THE JAMES 135 XV. A REBEL STRONGHOLD INVESTED 147 XVI. THE FOLDS TIGHTENING AND THE END IN SIGHT 162 XVII. RICHMOND S FALL AND LEE S SURRENDER 173 XVIII. THE RETURN HOME AND JUBILANT RECEPTION 186 XIX. THE SOLDIERS IN CIVIL LIFE ; THE REGIMENTAL UNION 199 XX. GETTYSBURG MONUMENT AND ITS DEDICATION 211 APPENDIX ; ROSTER AND RECORD OF THE REGIMENT. M1571S8 INSCRIPTION IN BRONZE ON FACE OF MONUMENT. THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH NEW YORK INFANTRY HELD THIS PART OF THE LINE ON THE SECOND DAY OF JULY, 1863. PRESENT FOR DUTY, 30 OFFICERS, 397 MEN; TOTAL 427. CASUALTIES FROM THE WAR DEPARTMENT: KILLED IN BATTLE, 8 OFFICERS, 25 MEN. WOUNDED, 10 OFFICERS, 144 MEN. MISSING 17; TOTAL 204. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. THE WAR FOR THE UNION POPULAR ENTHUSIASM RESPONSES TO THE NATION S CALL FOR HELP NEW YORK STATE IN THE FRONT RANK ULSTER COUNTY S CONTRIBUTION TO THE NATION S DEFENDERS THE USE AND VALUE OF REGIMENTAL HISTORIES. The late war for the Union attested the strength of the National Government. It attested as well the devoted patriotism of the masses of loyal citizens, which needed only a fitting occasion to call forth all its energy in the nation s defense. Without patriotism of this lofty kind, the strength to save the nation in a critical time, would hardly have been possible. The arms lifted to rend the Union asunder, would have been likely to gain their object, had not the people with hearts aflame with love of country, its government and institutions, risen to the emergency, ready to dare all dangers and bear all burdens to keep safe from harm, the priceless heritage left them by the fathers. When, therefore, the time came that an appeal to this feeling was found necessary, there was no languor or hesitation in responding to it. The whole nation sprang to arms at the call of the government, for aid. The West vied with the East and North in the alacrity with which men were enlisted and sent forward to con front the common danger. Regiment after regiment 1 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. poured forth to take their places in the ranks of the army on which the nation relied for the safety of its institutions. No ties of kindred, or home, or business, or property, were strong enough to withhold the aroused masses from the grim, impending conflict which involved the stability and very existence of the Union, under which the people had lived prosperously and happily for nearly a hundred years. These men, so hastily don ning the soldier s uniform, understood well the urgency of the crisis that required their services in the field ; and they went forth ready to stake everything upon the altar of a country, which conferring its benefits upon all, was worthy to be loved and defended by all. They were thus resolved, at all hazards, to maintain the Union unbroken and unharmed, against any efforts to sunder or injure it, and preserve our civil and religious liberties in all their integrity for the generations following, It proved to be a mighty task which they had under taken to do. The full dimensions of it could not be taken in till long afterwards. But mind, heart, con science, all faculties and energies were devoted to the work, whether great or little, and success they felt con vinced, must come in the end, whatever it might cost to achieve it. And as the work went forward its propor tions seemed to grow ; its demand for larger supplies all the time increased. The ranks depleted were steadily filled up with fresh warriors as full of ardor and courage and determination to conquer as those who had enlisted before them. Thus while the great conflict was in prog ress, a host of citizen-soldiers, such as the world had never seen before, stood arrayed as the defenders of the nation, till at length the end of their toils and sacrifices ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 came in the success which the Union cause had won. The gain well deserved all the price paid to secure it, as the spectacle of the long and desperate struggle with such vast interests at stake, and the complete and glorious triumph for the Union crowning the issue, was one of the most striking and impressive that the ages ever saw. New York was behind none of her sister States in the promptness with which she responded to the President s call, and in her large and free contributions of troops to swell the armies of the Republic. Her soldiers were found in every part of the widely-extended field where their services were needed. They stood shoulder to shoulder with comrades from other States, cheerfully bearing whatever burdens their duty to the country and love for the cause imposed upon them. This State has a bright record for the number and character of the troops she furnished during the war, not less than for the amount of hard service they rendered in defending the flag and securing success for the national cause. Of this great number sent forth by the State, Ulster county contributed its full share. Few, if any counties in the State, have displayed more alacrity than Ulster in sending forth its sons in warrior harness to meet the then present emergency. In the numbers, too, which the county furnished from first to last, it bears favorable comparison with the most patriotic counties throughout the State. When rebel guns were turned against the nation s flag at Fort Sumter, and the indignity set the whole North into a blaze of patriotic ardor, a regiment of three months men was swiftly organized in Ulster 4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. county, and under the command of Col. George W. Pratt who fell at the head of his regiment at the second Bull Run battle hurried forward to offer its services to the government and breast the storm that seemed ready to burst. The promptness with which this regiment was enrolled and the zeal evinced by its officers and men in hastening to the front to breast whatever perils might await them in defending the nation s honor and integrity, reflected high credit on the county as well as those who thus worthily represented it. It returned home after its term of service had expired, and within a few months a new regiment, to serve for three years or the war, made up largely from the material of the returned regiment, stood ready to go forward to the front. This was the Eightieth New York Volunteers, as the name was entered in regular order of enlistment on the State Register. The name, however, which its members loved and clung to and were unwilling to sur render, was one that antedated the war and cherished through association, viz : the Twentieth New York State Militia. Its strong peference for this name came to be allowed, so that during the war, as now, the regiment was best known by its chosen appellation of the -Old Twentieth," which all its members were and are proud to wear. This regiment left for Washington, on October 25th, 1 86 1 ; continued in active service during all the war; was engaged in some of its most severe battles, making an honorable record throughout. The second regiment enlisted for the war and sent out from Ulster county, was the One Hundred and Twentieth. It left Kingston for the seat of military operations, August 24, 1862 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 Like the former regiment, its members were not wholly composed of men residing in Ulster county. Three companies of the One Hundred and Twentieth were raised in Greene county, as one, at least, in the Twen tieth N. Y. S. M., was drawn from the same region, while a few individual recruits, were found in both regi ments, from Dutchess county and neighboring localities. Far the greater part of the recruits, however, belonged to Ulster county, as was also the case with the next regi ment, the One Hundred and Fifty-Sixth, recruited in the summer and fall of 1862 and which, in command of the late Col. Erastus Cooke, left Kingston for the field in early December of that year, rendering active and efficient service till the end of the war. Thus three regiments, besides the three months regiment, went forth from Ulster county, in response to the nation s call to share in its defense. Few, if any counties in the State, made a better showing than this, or evinced more spirit and zeal in rushing to the country s aid, when reckless hands were raised to strike at its peace and unity. The men, too, who composed these regiments, were not mere holiday soldiers, pompous on parade and courageous in calm and sunshine, but they were men of earnest purpose, with hearts resolved and sinews strung to meet and bear whatever peril and hardship might come from laborious campaigns and to bear the country s flag unsullied through bloodiest fields. Their history shows with what energy, resolution and persistence they carried forward and finished the great work which a confiding country had devolved upon their hands. The obligations conferred upon the whole country by O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. what they suffered and wrought, are high and lasting. It is fitting that these deeds should be remembered and a record made of them, easily accessible, to such as in coming years, may seek to know something in detail, concerning kinsmen and friends who took part in the war, and, it may be, shed their blood in the nation s defense. It is not enough to speak of these deeds in a general way, as having been performed by masses of men forming a great army. The deeds of one regiment, being so small a part of the whole, are, in such cases, apt to be overlooked or passed by without special recog nition. But each regiment has its own history, with ample material often, for a distinct and interesting narra tive. Many of these regimental histories have been written, having for the surviving members of the several regiments, their families and friends, far deeper interest than those general accounts of battles or military service in which the part performed by the single regi ment received but perfunctory notice. All who have been directly connected in some way with a regiment, may be regarded as having a certain pride in its mem bers as belonging to their own town, county or district, and thus share the satisfaction which the soldiers them selves feel in having its gallant deeds recorded. On this account these histories have a value of their own to a large number of citizens who find delight in reading about the war experiences of kindred and friends who /ere engaged in the sacred conflict for the Union. Many who stood in the ranks are dead, it is true, but their works do follow them. And those who knew them wett and honored them, turn to the record of what they did in the country s cause with unabating interest and ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS, J pleasure. This record too, is one that does not fade away with passing years. Children and childrens child ren will continue to scan what their fathers were and what they did in the dreadful time when the nation was staggering under the blows dealt against it, and what help these strong arms brought to avert those baleful blows or prevent their doing fatal injury to the land they loved. Considerations, such as these will justify, if this indeed be necessary, the narrative contained in the following pages . The writer availing himself of materials placed in his hands for the purpose mentioned materials gathered with care and from trustworthy sources, may hope to present a narrative of the military career of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, that its members, at least, will find just, adequate and fitting a narrative too, that shall prove not unattractive to the many friends of the regiment, who, admiring its general record, may desire to see it spread out before them in greater detail. The literature of the late war, indeed, is so vast in vol ume as to seem to render superfluous anything added to its bulk. Still, the strong hold which the great subject has taken and continues to maintain, on the national mind and heart, encourages the hope that even this slight addition to what is already pub lished, may find some measure of favor with readers outside the little circle of surviving comrades, at whose request and on whose special behalf, this me morial is prepared. In the preparation of this work, the writer has received important assistance from several individuals closely connected with the One Hundred and Twen- 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. tieth Regiment. Among these he would particularly mention Gen. George H. Sharpe, Col. C. D. West- brook, Major J. H. Everett, Messrs. J. McD. VanWag- onen, Wilbur L. Hale, Edward B. DuMond and Egbert Lewis. To the last one of these gentlemen, he is indebted for a full and carefully kept diary, covering nearly all the period that the regiment was engaged in active service, embracing memoranda and notes from other parties, the most of whom were formerly connected with the regiment and familiar with the matters they- relate. The frequent and free citations from these memoranda in the following pages, will show how greatly helpful they have been in the work of preparing, what is now with sincere diffidence, placed under the eye of the reader. CHAPTER II. THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH ORGANIZED COLONEL GEORGE H. SHARPE IN COMMAND HIS EFFICIENT WORK IN RECRUITING THE RE QUISITE ENLISTMENTS RAPIDLY SECURED LIST OF THE REGIMENT^ OF FICERS READY TO TAKE THE FIELD FLAG PRESENTATION ADDRESSES BY MR. BARNARD AND COLONEL SHARPE CROWDS CHEER THE REGIMENT AS IT EMBARKS FOR NEW YORK LEAVES NEW YORK FOR PHILADELPHIA HOW ENTERTAINED AT THE LATTER CITY ARRIVAL AND BIVOUAC AT WASHINGTON ENCAMPMENT AT ARLINGTON HEIGHTS. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, New York State Volunteers, was organized in response to the call of President Lincoln, issued July 2d, 1862, for three hundred thousand men. In compliance with this call and for the efficient prosecution of the object in view, Governor Morgan appointed committees composed of residents in the several senatorial districts of the State, a committee for each district. Their business was to aid the work of recruiting and see that it was carried forward properly and expeditiously. The work of enlisting recruits at once began and was pressed for ward so vigorously, that by the 2Oth of August, the requisite number of men was nearly secured. The people in those days were alive with patriotic ardor and quick to respond to appeals for help which the Govern ment, in the emergency then present, found it necessary to make. The field for raising recruits was wide and promising. The diligent reaper who wrought in it was sure to be rewarded with abundance of sheaves. There I O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. I OLS. was hardly a locality East, North or West, so benighted concerning the issues of the war, or so indifferent to its prosecution, as to require more light or urgent argument before furnishing its contingent of soldiers in answer to the nation s cry for help. An important part of this work fell to the lot of Col. George H. Sharpe, who, by the appointment of the Governor of the State, was to command the regiment about to be raised. Col. Sharpe had commanded a company in the regiment of three months men, which had gone forth from Kingston shortly after the fall of Fort Sumter, and his experience in that campaign served to adapt him more fully to the more responsible com mand he was now called to assume. He entered active ly and earnestly upon the task of recruiting, holding meetings almost daily in the several sections of the county and addressing large audiences drawn together by interest in the country s cause. These meetings, were at times addressed by other influential citizens of the county, who placed country before party, and by the fervor of their appeals, swelled rapidly the number of recruits and raised to a higher pitch the loyal zeal and ardor of the people. An occasional exception was found to the enthusiasm which these meetings stood ready to greet the speakers who, throughout the county, came with appeals more volunteers. One of these exceptions was at a known village generally considered to be foremost i patriotic action. The people there owing to certain 5 and influences, not easy to define or understand, 1 which soon passed away, seemed at first indifferent the duty of contributing to the cause by personal ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VQLS. I I enlistments. A meeting had been called to be held in the evening, and Col. Sharpe upon arriving in the after noon and consulting with the leading men of the locality was informed that the meeting would undoubtedly be well attended, but there was no prospect of any enlist ments, and the attempt to get them there might as well be abandoned. The meeting did prove to be a very large one and the enthusiasm gradually rose to a very high pitch. Col. Sharpe in the course of his speech stated the result of the interview with the leading men of the town in the afternoon. He said that he had been given to understand that in the regiment to be raised, that locality would be unrepresented. He had always had a high opinion of the courage and enthusiasm of its citizens, and rather than leave the town without rep resentation in the regiment, he proposed to return to Governor Morgan his commission as Colonel, and to o enlist as a private for that locality in order that the whole county might be represented. He was followed by one or two strong addresses from prominent citizens, and at the close of the meeting- seven young men came o J o forward to enlist, and their example was soon followed by a sufficient number to authorize the issuing of a commission to a young man of the same town, who finally fell at the head of his men on one of the most memorable battle-fields of the war. In this w r ay the filling up of the regiment made steady and rapid progress, to the high credit of the county and of those who took service as the nation s defenders. Three of the ten companies composing the regiment, were raised in Greene county, whose citizens were inspired with a love for the cause, kindred to that shown I 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. throughout the State, and indeed, the entire North. The volunteers as they were enlisted, repaired to Camp Samson, where, on a spot well adapted to the purpose for which it was selected, and which the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., had occupied the previous year, the men were duly enrolled and inducted into camp life. Lt. Col. West- brook had his quarters here, superintending the enrolling process, the arrangement of the various companies, and their distribution into tents. The mustering into the service of the country was done by Captain J. B. Hagar, U. S. A., who completed his work on August 22d, the number of enlisted men then amounting to nine hundred and six. The following is a list of the field and staff officers of the regiment, the captains of the several companies with the number of men contained in each : Colonel GEORGE H. SHARPE. Lieutenant-Colonel C. D. WESTBROOK. Major J. RUDOLPH TAPPEN. Adjutant SELAH O. TUTHILL. Quartermaster URIAH H. COFFIN. Surgeon J. O. VANHOEVENBURGH. First Assistant- Surgeon HENRY COLLIER. Second Assistant- Surgeon W. A. VANRENSSELAER. Chaplain FOSTER HARTWELL. The following non-commissioned officers were also connected with the regiment : Sergeant- Major HOWARD COOKE. Quartermaster-Sergeant GEO. P. BARBER. Commissary W. J. COCKBURN. Hospital-Steward J. D. KEYSER. Drum- Major AUGUST GCELLER. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3 The captains in command of the several companies with the number in each company in their respective order were : Company A : Captain ABRAM L. LOCKWOOD, ninety- seven men. Company B : Captain SIMON S. WESTBROOK, eighty- four men. Company C : Captain JACOB L. SNYDER, eighty- nine men. Company D: Captain LANSING L. HOLLISTER, eighty- three men. Company E : Captain DANIEL GILLETT, eighty-six men. Company F : Captain THEO. F. OVERBAGH, ninety- four men. Company G : Captain WALTER F. SCOTT, eighty- nine men. Company H: Captain CHARLES H. McENTEE, ninety- four men. Company I : Captain FRANCIS W. REYNOLDS, ninety- three men. Company K : Captain JAMES M. PIERSON, ninety- seven men. The regiment being thus in readiness to start for the field, lay in camp awaiting orders to move, which were liable at any moment to arrive. During this interval the kindred and friends of the soldiers, and people anxious to witness the departure of the regiment, came pouring into Kingston from Greene County as well as from all parts of Ulster, on Saturday, the 23d of August. The town had rarely beheld such crowds of visitors as were attracted to it by the regiment just about to bid a long 1 4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. farewell to homes and friends in the North, and to set forth upon an expedition from which many of them might never return. On this clay, which proved to be the one preceding the departure of the regiment, and in presence of the multitude gathered at the encampment, a very impres sive ceremonial took place. This was the presentation of two flags, which the regiment was to bear with it wherever its presence might be demanded in the service of the country. An account of the ceremonies, which had no less interest for spectator than for soldier, is taken from the KINGSTON JOURNAL, of August 2/th, 1862. "On Saturday afternoon, at 4 o clock, the flags purchased by the ladies of Ellenville and Kingston to be given to the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment (Washington Guard), were presented at Camp Samson. A platform was erected at the flag staff. Upon this were assembled as many of the officers of the regiment as could be de tached from duty, and the clergy of the village. Prayer was offered by Rev. B. C. Lippincott, of Hurley. Mr. Reuben Bernard, of this village then advanced to the front of the platform and spoke as fol lows : 1 Colonel George H. Sharpe of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, N. Y., State Volunteers : The Ladies of Ulster County have honored me by selecting me, as their agent and mouthpiece, in presenting to you our national standard and your regimental colors . The ladies of the County feel that they have an interest in this regi ment and in the contest in which you will be engaged. They ish you to take and bear with you some token of their appre ciation and remembrance, some symbol, which, by its constant presence, will ever remind you that you are remembered in their s and watched by loved ones at home. You, and the brave ith you, will regard these flags, not only as an evidence of your s greatness and glory, but also as having clustered about ihe hallowed influence of home. Let these flags speak to ith the voice of a wife, mother and sister, bidding you to deeds of noble daring. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 5 " These colors are entrusted to the keeping of your regiment, with a perfect confidence that you will preserve inviolate the honor of the flags presented to you by the women of the County of Ulster. We must not be discouraged by reverses. Ulster County suffered her full share in that noble revolution which gave birth to this flag. Our oldest citizens can remember the time when our neighboring village fell a sacrifice to its love of liberty. The flames which destroyed their property only served to purify and ennoble the patriotic ardor with which they fought for freedom. So with you. Let every reverse only strengthen your hearts and nerve your arms, to do and dare for your country s cause, bearing with you the constant remembrance that in every struggle, these flags will smile down on you the prayers and the approval of the women you leave behind you. " The flag which I present, has, for the last eighty years, been the emblem of our country s greatness ; has protected us in the enjoyment of all our rights. That flag is now endangered. A wicked, cause less, monstrous rebellion is seeking to destroy it. Shall it, can it be done? You, soldiers, going and about to go to the field, must answer this great question. I think I know your answer. You say to this rebellion, you say to the whole world, this flag has protected us in times past and we will protect it now. " And now, Col. Sharpe, allow me the pleasure of presenting you these flags, knowing that you and the noble men with you, will do your whole duty, and knowing that with the blessing of God crown ing your efforts, this flag shall be preserved to the latest generation without one stripe obliterated or one star dimmed. " Colonel Sharpe, in behalf of the regiment, accepted the flags in the following address : " He said that he had been aware for some time that these flags were to be presented to the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, and that it was expected he should speak for the officers and men who composed it ; yet he spoke but the simple truth when he assured them that he was so overcome by the emotions that agitated his heart, that he hardly had a word at his command. He could only say, that he was wholly penetrated with emotions of gratitude to the men of Ulster and Greene for their noble and self-sacrificing efforts to raise, in the shortest possible space of time, the regiment with the I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. command of which he had been honored. At a former moment, he had thought he would write upon a slip of paper the names of the men of Ulster and Greene, who had placed him under the deepest obligations by their generous assistance, while he had been laboring to raise the men then ready to go to the defense of their country, but as he recollected one after another, he forbore to pen their names, as the list itself would have made a speech. And now to the deeds of the stout and brave men of Ulster and Greene, was added this expres sion of interest and regard from lovely and patriotic women, thus increasing the burden of his gratitude and the list of memories to which he would ever revert with the deepest emotions of pleasure. It was greatly to be regretted that on that occasion, the regiment could not be drawn up before the assembled multitude in line of battle, but the duties incident to their hurried departure in answer to the call of the Governor, forbade this. He would not boast how the regiment would bear these flags, or in what state it would bring them back, nor, indeed, would he pledge it to bring them back at all ; but he felt sure that the men who were going forth that day from among them, would do all in their power to preserve these flags from dishonor, even though they had to struggle until the last man should have the last shred to bear back to the place from whence they had been received. " And now they were going away. He knew something of the extent of the pain which their departure caused. The character of the men in the regiment gave unmistakable evidence, how keen were the pangs of sorrow which wrung the hearts of friends there assembled. Many of them he knew had been most tenderly brought up, and had been the dearest objects of that care and love, which is found only in the best homes in our land. Now they were going from their native hills, and yet the better part of them would remain behind, and all the scenes of home would be more truly with them than ever before. But it was because they loved their homes that they went from them^ and if they ever achieved deeds of bravery on the bloody battle-field, it would be because of the inspiriting memories of home which would II their minds. Yes, they were going and might he not hope that their prayers would attend them ; not alone for the preservation of the health of these loved ones, or for their being saved from the im moralities of the camp, or the shot of the enemy, or for their pre paration for sudden death, would he ask them to pray ; but while they implored all this, he would beg of them to pray that they might ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I J be the means, with others who had joined the grand army of the Union, of speedily crushing out this rebellion, and bringing all the States to enjoy the full blessing of freedom, peace and prosperity under our flag and constitution. " "The flags thus presented consist of a national and regimental color. Both are of silk. The body of the latter is blue, upon which is worked with yellow and crimson silk, an eagle and shield. The eagle bears in its beak a scroll, with the national motto E pluribus unum/andin its talons a scroll containing the words One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, Washington Guard/" During this day the expected orders came, directing the regiment to start at 8 o clock on the following morning. All in and about the camp became at once bustle and activity. The day of the 24th of August, which was Sunday, was bright and beautiful. The crowds of the day before were swelled into a still greater multitude on this eventful day of departure. Early as the hour was, all places in the near vicinity of the camp were filled with interested spectators, and with the kindred and friends of the soldiers. Many of these with trembling voices and tearful eyes gave parting adieus to beloved relatives whose faces they might never see again. These affecting separations however, need not be dwelt upon, as similar scenes were exhib ited wherever a new regiment left home for the seat ol the war, and what is suffered in such parting may better be imagined than paraded through inadequate descrip tion on the printed page. Promptly at the hour of eight, the regiment broke camp and began its inarch for Rondout, followed by a great crowd bent on seeing it embark. Cheers and shouts attended it along its route to the wharf, where I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. the good steamer Manhattan lay ready to receive and convey the men to New York. While the boat lay at the dock awaiting the signal to start, the final greetings were exchanged and farewell words spoken, and then, with a great outburst of cheers the vessel swung off into the stream. All the way down the Hudson, from every boat and landing passed, the same lively gratula- tions were poured forth by hearty sympathizers with the citizen -soldiers, who were devoting their lives to the safety of the nation. As long as the declining day per mitted sight of the Manhattan and her stalwart, living freight, the cheering voices of people in vessels and on shore, continued to salute them. Then, with night came rest for the weary, and in the early morning the vessel had reached her wharf in the metropolitan city. The soldiers disembarked and were marched to the City Hall Park. There the usual muskets were furnished, though the regiment had to wait for complete equip ments, including ammunition, till it reached Washing ton, where, what was lacking, was in due form supplied. On the same afternoon at four o clock, the regiment resumed its journey, marching down to the Jersey City ferry, crossing over to the other side and taking cars for Philadelphia, which city it reached at 6.30 the following morning. Here an agreeable surprise awaited them. In an ample hall near where the cars stopped, a sumptuous breakfast was provided by the loyal and large hearted citizens of Philadelphia, and all the regiment cordially invited to partake. This was not an act of hospitality tendered to one regiment, or to a few others at intervals as circumstances might prescribe. But it was the rule, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I Q begun early in the war and continued to its close, to furnish forth a meal to every regiment passing through Philadelphia to the front. The whole country came, in this way to know and honor the patriotic city for the considerate and generous provision made for such great numbers of soldiers, who were privileged to enjoy this good cheer. As for the soldiers, every one was loud in his praises of this graceful entertainment, whose value was enhanced by the assiduous attentions bestowed upon every guest at table, the memory of which remained fresh and pleasant in all after years. The writer had the good fortune to share these generous attentions a year before when connected with another regiment, the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., and put forth his experiences in a printed letter, a paragraph of which, as expressive of the cordial sentiments of all, who like him have been guests at the same board, he will ven ture to transcribe : "As the troops left the ferry boat, they were marched into an immense hall near the wharf, fitted up for the accommodation and refreshment of the regiments constantly passing through to the seat of the war. Six tables, stretching the whole length of the apartment, and ample enough to enable an entire regiment to stand around them, were loaded with refreshments, furnished by the hospitality of the city of brotherly love, thus proving the name to be fittingly applied. And such refreshments for tired and hungry men ! Excellent bread and delicious butter, superb cold beef and ham, potatoes, coffee and tea, pickles of various kinds, etc., urged upon all with a persistent hos pitality, that seemed to receive rather than confer a favor. The min istry of gentle hands was conspicuous, as it always is, in such a scene as this. Your correspondent being conducted toward the head of the bounteous board, one angel took his hat, another disrobed him of overcoat, a third took charge of a package or two, a fourth led him to a seat at the table, a fifth ministered to his wants while there, and all 2O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. with a delicacy and warmth of kindness that brought forcibly to his mind the Pilgrim of Bunyan in the Palace Beautiful, with the ministry of the fair sisterhood there, refreshing and strengthening him for the hardships and dangers of the way before him. No wonder that the soldiers, exulting in this gxxxlly fare, broke forth, company after company, into spontaneous cheers for the city of Philadelphia which made the rafters of the building fairly ring again. Nor was this ample cheer all. Here the sick soldiers are furnished with comfort able quarters, and received assiduous medical care, until able to join their regiment, or failing this, are sent home, without money and without price. In addition to all, in a room overhead, writing materials are furnished for those who desire, during the two or three hours stay in the city, to write to their friends. I was urged there several times to write home, which though much fatigued and the hour being two o clock in the morning, I finally did, to show, at least, how much I valued such attention and kindness. When the letter was written and enclosed they refused even to let the writer pay for the stamp. All hail to the city of Philadelphia for such princely generosity, continued so long and yet rendered not only without grudging or complaint, but rejoicingly. It will prove a noble and lasting monument to her honor." In looking back thirty years, this account does not seem to the writer overstated, and he is quite sure that a strong response to these eulogistic words will be given by every surviving Union soldier, who when going forward to encounter the perils and hardships of the war, found his footsteps lightened and his heart and arm strengthened by a sympathy and good will so heartily expressed. The regiment left Philadelphia in the morning taking cars for Baltimore where it arrived at four p. M. March ing across the city, without danger any longer of molestation from any disloyal element, to the Washing ton depot, it started at six p. M. for Washington, arriving there on the 2;th, at midnight, the streets being a ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I bivouac for the remainder of the night. Washington at that time was little more than an armed camp. The streets were filled with soldiers, army wagons, cavalry squadrons, gun carriages and caissons, with kindred ob jects sure to follow in the train of " glorious war," the whole forming a very striking spectacle to those lately parted from peaceful country homes. The stay here, however,, was short, as at 10 o clock on the morning after arrival, the ranks were formed and the regiment crossed the Long Bridge, marching to Arlington Heights, where its first camp on the sacred soil of Virginia was pitched, the dome of the capitol looming up grandly at the distance of seven miles. Those who knew the his tory of Arlington, long the home of General Robert E. Lee, then in command of the rebel armies, and saw how the iron heel of war had stamped out its beauty, and spread desolation around, would find a fruitful lesson inspired by the spot where their first night in Virginia was spent. CHAPTER III. THE SECOND BATTLE OF BULL RUN THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH AIDING TO PROTECT WASHINGTON LIFE IN CAMP RELIGIOUS SERVICE POPE S ROUTED ARMY RE-ORGANIZED BY MCCLELLAN UNION SUC CESSES IN MARYLAND ARMY HOSPITALS PENINSULA VETERANS RE VIEW OF TROOPS NEAR FAIRFAX SEMINARY UPTON S HILL ENCAMP MENT A GRAND REVIEW NEAR ALEXANDRIA PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND SECRETARIES, PRESENT REGIMENT ORDERED TO THE FRONT BURN- SIDE SUPERSEDES MCCLELLAN ARMY OF THE POTOMAC BEFORE FRED- ERICKSBURG. The day following the regiment s first encampment in Virginia, the second battle of Bull Run, August 28th, may be said to have opened. General King s division on its march from Warrenton to Centreville, ran into the divisions of Ewell and Taliaferro, of Jackson s corps, which was holding the region around Bull Run, after its enterprising and successful raid upon Bristoe Station and Manassas. Then ensued, as Taliaferro describes it, 14 one of the most terrific conflicts that can be conceived. For two hours and a half, from late in the afternoon till after dark, without an instant s cessation of the most deadly discharges of musketry, round shot and shell, both lines stood unmoved, neither advancing, and neither broken nor yielding, until about nine o clock, " when the conflict closed, with no decided advantage on either side, but with heavy losses to both. Early on the next morning the main battle began, continuing through that day, the 2 9 th, and through the following ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2$ one, the close of the latter witnessing the discomfiture of Pope s army, and its retreat toward the defenses of Washington. The One Hundred and Twentieth was not called upon to take part in the severe fighting running through these three August days, though the booming of the cannon from this hotly contested field reached the men in their Arlington encampment. On the morning of the 2 9th however, they were roused from their slumbers by the long roll. Cartridges and rations were hastily furnished, and in fifteen minutes, armed and equipped, they were standing ready to march. Their route lay across the Potomac, through Georgetown to Fort Ethan Allen, ten miles from their camp at Ar lington. The regiment was one of a number of detach- o o ments sent from Washington and places adjacent, to guard against any movement, should one be attempted, on the part of Lee, to throw troops in Pope s rear, or between him and Washington. No such attempt, how ever, was made. The Union army fell back, when the time came, without being seriously molested, though much demoralized by its defeat, till it found itself within the fortifications which made Washington secure against any assaults from without. The regiment remained in camp near Fort Ethan Allen for more than a week. The spot where they pitched their tents was a high side hill from which a fine prospect opened, and where their surroundings were such as to minister greatly to the mens comfort and satisfaction. Not only were their rations good and abundant, but occasional foraging, with purchases from people coming into the camp to sell provisions, afforded 24 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. such luxuries as pigs, chickens, ducks, hoe-cake, eggs, cakes, pies, etc., a bill of fare, which however appetizing, could only solace the men for a brief period, and sure to be ere long exchanged for the plain army ration, which knew but little variety, without being always at hand or abundant. The good things mentioned, were however, heartily enjoyed while they lasted, while as to their future supplies, the men gave themselves no concern. They were ready for hardships and privations should they come, as belonging to the nature of their present service. Nor was the sense of dependence on the Great All- Provider lost sight of, by a large part of the regiment certainly, who failed not to express their obligations for His bountiful gifts and for His guardianship in all their way, and fervent thanksgivings went up daily from those who had been taught to praise God for his good ness. And on Sunday, the 3ist, in Captain Snyder s tent, a large number gathered to hear the voice of prayer and the Chaplain s earnest admonitions, which met with attentive audience and warm response, making all feel stronger for the work before them, in the aid and benediction Divinely promised. There is no soldier, who cannot do and suffer more, and fight better, in the con sciousness, which everyone may have, that the Lord is on his side, to guard the right cause, and strengthen the arms that uphold it. While the regiment lay encamped here, Pope s routed army was pouring into Washington, and the men had an opportunity to see many of these troops as they hurried forward in their retreat. Many of the soldiers escaping from this hard-fought, but disastrous field of ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 5 Bull Run, had lost their arms, and with uniforms torn and dust-covered, wore a melancholy and woe-begone appearance. It might seem, looking at these straggling crowds, that discipline lost, might not again be restored. Yet this needed to be done and done promptly. And in this emergency, the President turned at once to the only man adequate, in his judgment, to do it. General McClellan was urged to undertake it and consented. And, with his rare organizing faculty and his popularity with the troops which no reverses seemed to impair, order very soon began to emerge out of this chaos. Companies, regiments, brigades, divisions stood forth in brief period, in compact and regular array, and on the 7th of September, a week after the Bull Run battle, McClellan left Washington at the head of a large and well appointed army to meet Lee who was crossing the upper Potomac into Maryland. The battle of South Mountain followed on the I4th with a brilliant success for the Union arms, and three days after, on the i7th, was fought the bloody battle of Antietam, which, if not an overwhelming Union victory, as it might and should have been, yet resulted in thwarting Lee s designs on " My Maryland" and driving him back disappointed and crippled, across the Potomac. During these stirring operations, the One Hundred and Twentieth remained in the vicinity of Washington engaged in doing picket duty, the drilling of the men going on from day to day, thus familiarizing them with their required work and fitting them to act their part well in the hour of trying service. They moved from point to point for several weeks, keeping mostly near to Washington and waiting for the time when they should 2 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. be called to join the ranks standing in the forefront of the battle. On September loth, they were at Fort Lyon, on the I4th, at Fairfax Seminary, near Alex andria, with the Potomac, bearing steamers and war vessels on its bosom, in view, and Mount Vernon occasionally seen from some neighboring elevation which commanded a wide sweep of the river. Fairfax Sem inary, a spacious and sightly structure, was now con verted into a hospital for our sick and wounded soldiers, the necessities of the war compelling the use of this and similar commodious buildings in all places where our armies held possession, and bloodshed as well as sick ness abounded. Alexandria, near at hand, was full of hospitals. Distributed among these were a number of soldiers of the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., wounded at Bull Run, whom acquaintances of the One Hundred and Twentieth were permitted occasionally to visit. Among these wounded was the gallant Captain Pelatiah Ward. He fell, as did his colonel, Geo. W. Pratt, while charg ing the enemy s impregnable breastworks late in the afternoon of the last day s battle. Captain Ward was among the bravest men and best soldiers who, that day, went into the desperate fight. He died within a fort night after receiving his wound. The sights of wounded and suffering men, witnessed by the soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth in these hospitals, impressed upon them a vivid idea of the horrors of war and taught them what the future in this bitter contest, might have in store for themselves. Around the encampment of the One Hundred and Twentieth, were thousands of McClellan s veterans returned from the Peninsular campaign. Among these ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 2j the soldiers of the regiment found many friends from the North, whose accounts of the battles they had fought, the hardships they had endured and the " moving acci dents by flood and field " they had experienced, were listened to by them with the liveliest interest. A grand review, composed of these troops,, and others in the vicin ity, was held on October 2d, in a large field about two miles from Fairfax Seminary. Not fewer than fifteen thousand soldiers formed the array, the various arms of the service being all represented. The general officers reviewing, were Heintzleman, Sickles and Carr. The men at first, were formed in a single line of battle, then in three lines, with artillery in the rear. The ceremonies usual on these occasions were performed with full knowledge of what was proper to each. The appear ance of the battalions and of the whole array was soldierly and imposing, and well deserved the commen dations bestowed upon it, in which the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment had a merited share of honor. In the new organization of the army under Burnside, soon to take place, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment was to form part of the Second (Excelsior) brigade belonging to Sickles Second division, Colonel George B. Hall being in command of the brigade. Up to October nth, the regiment remained in the same camping ground at the Seminary. The duties of camp life were performed day by day with strict regu larity, but the incidents and transactions of these days, having so much in common, do not require a particular detail. The regiment took up its march on the i ith of October, toward Upton s Hill, not only leaving its pleasant camping ground of the previous weeks, but 28 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. with it many articles of personal comfort which had solaced the soldiers - while continuing there. Both officers and men were required to dispense with what ever was unnecessary and retain no superfluous clothing or baggage or utensils to cumber their movements in the field. This looked like a speedy entering on an aggressive campaign. Their present encampment at Upton s Hill, was near the spot where the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., had their quarters the previous winter and within a short distance of Falls Church, a quaint old edifice, with historic mem ories, within whose grounds a number of the Twentieth s deceased soldiers are interred. During the remaining days of October, the regiment continued within the same narrow bounds, moving its camp a few miles from time to time, marching on the i;th from Upton s Hill and again pitching its tents at Fairfax Seminary. Little occurred of special interest except a grand review on the 22d, of some twenty thousand troops near Alex andria, at which President Lincoln, Secretaries Seward and Stanton, Generals Banks and Sickles, and a large number of other generals and government officials were present. On the last day of October, orders were received to be in readiness to march next morning. On November ist, accordingly, the sick were sent to the hospital and the whole division stood arrayed in march ing order. Baggage, ammunition and supply trains, artillery, ambulances, and long lines of troops with their colors displayed were presently in motion. The soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth, with their shelter-tents strapped to their knapsacks, took their position in the marching column. Their fortunes now ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 9 and henceforth were to be joined to those of the Army of the Potomac. Their faces were turned toward the South where the enemy they proposed to meet were known to be, nor were they to turn back from the task undertaken, till the great conflict was fought through and the victory won. General McClellan, it is known, remained for weeks near the battle field of Antietam and seemed to have grown to the ground there, so long and persistently did he cling to it. Repeated and urgent messages from Washington to hasten his departure in pursuit of Lee effected very little. He pleaded more time to recruit his exhausted army after the late destructive battle, to clothe, equip and provision his forces, to repair the heavy losses he had sustained, and completely fit them for the work they were expected to do. At length, on the 26th of October, nearly seven weeks after the Antietam battle, the order was issued to pack up and get ready to march. The direction was the Potomac, which the army was to cross on pontoons. The process was slow and the crossing was not completed till the 2d of Novem ber. Its position on reaching the " sacred soil "was east of the Blue Ridge, along the line of which it moved slowly southward, having advanced on the 7th of No vember, to Warrenton. While encamped near this place, an order arrived from Washington on this day relieving General McClellan from the command of the army and putting General Burnside in his place. It seemed a hard measure to the man who had so promptly and skilfully reorganized Pope s discomfited army, achieved the victory of South Mountain and driven Lee 3O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. out of Maryland, but the Washington authorities were bent on rebuking, what they considered McClellan s tardi ness of movement, and this was the result. They placed a chief in command of whom they expected a more prompt and aggressive action and more decisive results. How far this expectation was to be verified, the events of a few weeks were to determine. Meanwhile, Burnside having submitted his plan of operations to the " powers " at Washington and received assent to it, at once began his march toward Fredericksburg, before which city by the 1 9th of October, the three " grand divisions " of his army, consisting of 127,574 officers and men had arrived. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, as a part of the Army of the Potomac, was guided by the move ments of the whole. Sickles division, was the Second of the Third Corps, which with the Fifth Corps, formed the Centre Grand Division, commanded by General Joseph Hooker. Parts of this force were already before Fred ericksburg and its other subdivisions were steadily draw ing together, to the same point. The One Hundred and Twentieth, after marches to Centreville, Bull Run, Bris- toe Station and other points, encamped on the icth of November, at Manasses Junction, where they saw Gen eral McClellan, on leaving the army, receive and return the greeting of the troops. Thence their course was toward the Rappahannock. They crossed Occoquan Creek on the 25th ; passed through Dumfries on the 26th ; Stafford on the 27th, and on the 28th, encamped within two miles of Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg. The army of Burnside was now concentrated, a narrow river alone separating it from the foe it had marched hither to encounter. CHAPTER IV. BURNSIDE CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK ASSAULTS THE ENEMY S DEFENSES HIS DISASTROUS DEFEAT AND LOSSES THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH NOT IN THE MAIN ASSAULT UNDER FIRE FOR THE FIRST TIME MOVEMENTS AND SERVICES OF THE REGIMENT BEFORE AND AFTER THE BATTLE AN ARMISTICE TO REMOVE THE WOUNDED AND BURY THE DEAD UNION ARMY RECROSSES THE RIVER MORAL OF THE DEFEAT. It is not my purpose to go into a detailed description of the battle of Fredericksburg, that proved so disas trous to the Union army. This narrative is concerned chiefly with the One Hundred and Twentieth Regi ment, and the part it played in the mighty drama, the several acts cf which were now developing, one by one. A sketch, however, of the several battles in which the regiment shared, is necessary, in order that the situation in which it was placed from time to time, the character of the service it rendered and how this service was performed, may appear in a distinct light. Burnside s plan was an immediate crossing of the river as soon as it could be reached, the occupying of Fredericksburg while Lee s army was far away, and then a rapid and direct movement upon Richmond. Halleck telegraphed to Burnside the President s view of the plan in these words, "he thinks it will succeed if you move rapidly, otherwise not." Had Burnside been able to cross the Rappahannock, on or about the igth of November, when his forces were all collected and ready to pass 3 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. over, he might have succeeded in his design. Certainly, the history of the bloody days that soon followed would have been very different. As it was, the pontoons which were to have been at the river at the time the General and his troops reached it, did not arrive until the 25th. By this time a considerable force of the Con federates had reached Fredericksburg, followed within a short interval by their whole army, which was soon for midably entrenched on the hills overlooking the city. The crossing could now only be effected in the face of a determined and powerful foe, ready to rain down de struction upon all assailants and eager, in fact, to be assailed in their chosen stronghold. A sagacious and prudent commander would have paused long before dooming his men to so desperate an undertaking. But, excellent though General Burnside might be as a man, and brave as a soldier and fitted to lead a division or even a corps skillfully,- he lacked the ability, as some stronger men than he, in the like position, also did, to inspire and manage the combinations of a great army so that the best results might be secured by the most suit able means. Even Lee himself, whose ability to com mand an entire army was not often questioned, commit- mitted on the third day of Gettysburg, a blunder sim ilar to that committed by Burnside, on the iz|.th of De cember, when he hurled his devoted masses against the redoubts and entrenchments of Marye s Hill, before which they fell in frightful numbers by the hands of foes whom no mortal valor could dislodge. The result was such as might have been and should have been readily foreseen. The repeated attempts to carry the enemy s positions had failed signally. Our brave troops were ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS \ ^ *-J *J repulsed at all points, and within a day or two the shattered army recrossed the Rappahannock with their numbers diminished by thirteen thousand, dead and wounded, who formed the ghastly record of this terrible day. Not much of this loss, indeed, -fell upon the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. Its position in this battle, was such, as not to render it exposed to the hottest fire of the enemy. The service it was called upon to perform, however, from the time it encamped near Falmouth,on November 28th, till the battle of the 1 3th of December closed, was arduous and efficient. The cutting of wood, for the construction of corduroy roads found necessary for the use of the army, occupied many men, whose labors were sometimes continued through the entire night. Detachments of the men were posted along the Rappahannock day and night doing picket duty, the pickets of the enemy being sta tioned on the opposite bank. Incessant vigilance was necessary in the immediate presence of an alert enemy, and the getting in readiness to cross the river for the coming attack, called for energetic and persistent work from every department of the Union army. The men of the One Hundred and Twentieth had their full share of the toil, hardship and privation which in the cold and sometimes stormy December days and nights, befel the army on the eve of its grim encounter with the enemy. On the night of the I2th the brigade to which the One Hundred and Twentieth was attached, marched five miles down the river and bivouaced in the woods. On the I3th, the day of the battle, the brigade moved to the hills near the Rappahannock, 3 34 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. taking station in rear of our batteries on the heights. General Sickles division, to which the brigade was attached, was posted here as a reserve. This position overlooked the city of Fredericksburg, the heights beyond on which the rebel army was entrenched, and the wide plain separating the two. They were thus witnesses of the battle in all its furious progress. They saw the repeated charges of our brave troops upon the enemy s works ; how again and again the strong posi tions were assailed with stubborn but unavailing valor, while the cheers of our soldiers and the yells of the enemy were mingled with the rattle of musketry and the roar of artillery. General Sickles division was sent to re-enforce the Left Centre under General Franklin, whose command had crossed on the I2th, and now needed whatever reserves could be brought to its sup port. This division began to cross the river at about 3 p. M. of the 1 3th, the battle then raging, and took its assigned position at the front. The One Hundred and Twentieth got over the river about sunset, and joining its brigade in the front line of battle, soon found what that position meant by the shrieking of a shell which passed over their heads, burying itself in the ground behind them. Some one proposed three cheers a bravado, by the way, which veteran troops would never have displayed for the first shot which sternly saluted the regiment, and the men were beginning to respond, when the untimely outburst was checked, by fear of attracting the notice of the enemy. The men however, made themselves merry with an incident which pres ently attracted their notice. One of the captains sent his colored servant to bring in some cornstalks from a ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ~> 5 stack standing near. He had brought one armful, had returned and loaded himself with a second, with which he was just starting, when a solid shot struck the stack, scattering its contents around. In a trice the doughty African was flat on his back, with his armful of stalks covering him in front like a shield and clasped tightly to his breast, as though safety from rambling cannon balls lay only in that. It was found hard enough to get him to come out from his cover and stand erect, with such perils compassing him around. Shortly after dark a company was advanced as skirm ishers, reaching a ditch running parallel with the line of battle. The enemy s position could be seen from a hill that rose just before them. Here the horrors of a battle-field were visible all around them, the ground they occupied having been fought over that day, being strewn with dead, and having other signs that mark a sanguinary struggle. When the morning dawned they found themselves within range of the sharpshooters rifles, and were ordered to fall back to a more sheltered position. A lieutenant and ten men who were detailed for special duty on the same night, got beyond the picket line, and creeping on hands and knees among the dead and wounded, were so near the enemy s lines as to hear their soldiers in conversation. They re mained in this position till after midnight, when they crept back to their picket line, with only one of their number wounded. On Sunday the i4th, the regiment lay on their arms in the front all day, under fire of the enemy s guns, though the combat had virtually ceased, only occasional missiles from musket and cannon being exchanged. 36 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. On the 1 5th the same comparative quiet pervaded the two armies, and at 2 r. M. a flag of truce brought about a cessation of hostilities. This was done in order that our wounded might be taken from the field and our dead buried. While this sacred office was performing, the pickets of the Union and rebel forces were seen in neighborly, if not friendly intercourse, exchanging such commodities as each party desired to obtain of the other, " Yankee" sugar and coffee, for " Johnnie " hoe- cake and tobacco, forming the staple articles in the barter. There was now nothing more for the Uuion army to do on the south side of the Rappahannock, and all that remained for it at present, was to re -cross the river. This was accomplished on the i6th, with out molestation from the enemy, The bridges were taken up, and the old camping ground before the disastrous battle, was re-occupied. The ordeal through which the army had passed since the I2th, had been a terrible one, and it was small solace to the sur vivors of the conflict, and to the hearts lacerated by losses of kindred and friends, to be told, and to know, that the bloody catastrophe might have been, and with more wisdom at the helm, would have been avoided. The lesson learned, had been a stern one to the Union army, whose spirit never quailed under the worst reverses, and which calmly and with good heart, abided the time when Fortune would smile upon it and reward its constancy and valor with deserved victory. That day might be distant, indeed, and many a deadly struggle of contending hosts must ensue before its dawn, but it was surely coming. And the brave Union heart, true to the right, and strong in its faith, was content to wait and see. CHAPTER V. SICKNESS AND DEATH IN CAMP THE FAMOUS "MUD MARCH " AND WHAT CAME OF IT THE ARMY S NEW COMMANDER, GENERAL HOOKER EFFECTS OF THE CHANGE ON THE TROOPS ARMY IN WINTER QUARTERS COLONEL SHARPE GOES ON HOOKER S STAFF, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WESTBROOK IN COMMAND OF THE REGIMENT THE SOLDIERS CHEERED BY TOKENS FROM HOME PRESIDENT LINCOLN S VISIT AND REVIEW OF TROOPS INCIDENTS GETTING READY FOR A FORWARD MOVEMENT. For several days after reaching their encampment on the north bank of the Rappahannock, the soldiers of the army enjoyed quiet and rest undisturbed. It was a pleasant relief from the confusing noises which had late ly stunned the ear, and from the toilsome days and comfortless nights which the situation, the past week, had imposed. The men of the One Hundred and Twentieth, though shivering under their slight shelter tents, in the cold December nights, shared, in common with the army, the restful feeling, arising from release for a season a brief one it might be from the exhaust ing burdens attendant on their recent services in front of the enemy s works. But all burdens were not taken off, even now. For sickness, with heavy-pressing hand, finds its way into the quietest camps, and death, with his levelling stroke, comes to soldier and civilian alike. Three members of the regiment, died on Sunday, the 2 ist, one of whom was the captain of company H, Charles H. McEntee, a brave and meritorious soldier, and an estimable man. The two others were private 38 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. soldiers, Isaac E. Shultis, of company A and Matthew Stokes, of company C. These two were buried here with the usual military honors, while the captain s re mains, escorted to the railroad station by the company he had commanded, were forwarded to his late home at Rondout. When the year 1863 opened, and during the whole of January, a considerable number of the regiment were on the sick list. The hospital tents, fitted for their accommodation, had many occupants who needed the doctor s care, and from these, from time to time, com rades who had succumbed to disease, were carried forth to their burial. From the diary referred to in the introductory chapter, this record of January i6th, is taken : " Much sickness prevails. Almost every day we heard the muffled drums, as one of our comrades was carried to the grave. To-day, the regiment mus ters only 400 men fit for duty." Life in the field, under tents, in cold and often stormy weather, as the case was now, so different from what the men had been accustomed to at home, with privations and hardships hitherto untried, tolcl strongly upon the health of many, so that the losses in battle were found not to outnumber those that the army sustained from other causes as the war progressed. In fact, disease caused far greater mortality than the bullet. :i: The shelter tent, indeed, so unfitted to keep out cold, so provocative of chills, fevers, lung diseases, rheumatism and other ailments, might be * From a statement prepared in the Adjutant-General s office, it appears, that during the war, 1861-65, the number of Union soldiers illed in battle was 67,058 ; died of wounds, 43,012, total, 110,067. Died of disease, 199,720. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S, VOLS. 39 supplanted by log cabins, made tight and comfortable by the craft of soldier workmen. If only sure of remain ing in winter quarters there, this change would have been made, and was, in fact, begun by the regiment as early as January Qth. But Burnside was still in com mand and yearned to regain the confidence of the army by some bold stroke against the enemy, that would measureably redeem the recent sore failure. With this in view, plans w r ere buzzing through his brain, among them one of re-crossing the Rappahannock a few miles above Fredericksburg, and falling upon Lee s forces when unprepared. This led to the issuing of orders to his army to be prepared at any moment to march. And so on the 2Oth of January, the march actually began very slowly and toilfully, because of the roads con tinuing only a mile and a half, that afternoon. It was resumed early on the 2ist, amid a pouring rain which had begun the evening before, continuing without ces sation all night. The diary referred to, describes the situation in these words : "The pontoons, artillery and some of the wagon trains, were in the advance, and the troops were slowly and sullenly moving through the driving storm and deep, sticky mud. The wagons and artillery sank to their axles, so that twelve horses could not move a small field gun. At 3 P.M., we had gained about six miles. We expected to cross the river early the next morning, and to be placed in position to attack the enemy s lines, but the mud was so deep it was impossible to move our trains. At 3 P. M., the regiment was ordered out without arms to cut poles and make corduroy roads. We built the road to a point from which we could see the enemy, across the river. They seemed to be well-informed in regard to our movements, for they had painted, on a large board, clearly legible from this side, Burnside and his pontoons stuck in the mud move at i o clock, three days rations in haversacks. " 4O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. This was the famous " Mud March," which, by the testimony of all whose lot it was to share it, rendered every other that the faithful Army of the Potomac ever made, as child s play, in comparison. Dead horses and mules strewed all the road over which the men returned to their camp. The expedition was at an end, and fortun ate for the army that it was. General Franklin, in a letter to Halleck written after the war pithily expressed it, " So I looked upon the rain which stopped his (Burn- side s) second attempt to cross the river, (the Mud March), as a Providential interference in our behalf." The control of the army was now to pass into other hands. On the 25th of January, 1863, an order arrived from Washington, relieving- General Burnside of the command of the army, and appointing General Joseph Hooker, in his place. Hooker was a soldier of ripe experience, with a high record as brigade, division and corps commander, having shown marked ability in the management of these several commands. His brave and fearless spirit, his readiness to fight the enemy whenever a chance to win presented and even when that chance seemed doubtful, and his bearing on the field as a gallant soldier and chivalric leader, had gained for him the name of " Fighting Joe Hooker," so expressive of the sense the soldiers had of his heroic and aggressive qualities. His popularity with the troops was undoubt ed, and his advancement to the chief command, after Fredericksburg, was hailed by them, at least, with lively satisfaction. Whether the superior officers regarded him as fully competent for his present high trust, is another question. It is safe to say, that some of these had doubts on this subject. He was soon to test, how- ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 4 I ever, as his predecessor had done, his capacity for the charge and direction of a great army, and had the best wishes of all for his success. It is certain that under his administration, a new vigor was soon infused into the army. General Couch, speaking of what took place after Hooker assumed command, says : " I have never known men to change from a condition of lowest depres sion to that of a healthy fighting state in so short a time." The strength and spirits of the army both, were well recruited by the rest, in winter quarters. Furloughs were generously given during this period of inaction, and with excellent results, those receiving them return ing promptly to their posts when their leaves of absence expired. In discipline, in fighting material, in courage, in enthusiasm, a finer body of men than the army which Hooker commanded when the spring of 1863 opened, it would be hard indeed to find. Its numbers, too, amounted to nearly, if not quite, 126,000 men, and what achievements might not be effected for the Union cause, when such an army should come in conflict with its foes ! During the months of February, March and April, while the army lay in winter quarters before Fredericks- burg, little occurred in the experience of the regiment, requiring special mention. There were some deaths of the members in hospital, a record of which will appear in another place. Some changes, too, in officers, occurred through transfer and resignations. Colonel Sharpe, much to the regret of the regiment, received in February, an appointment on the staff of General Hooker, which he was induced to accept, devolving thus, the command of the regiment, on Lieutenant-Colonel Westbrook, who 42 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. continued in command till disabled by a wound, at Gettysburg;. Adjutant Selah O. Tuthill, Captains Pier- son and S. S. Westbrook, and Lieutenant Dumond Elmenclorf resigned, and their places, as will appear elsewhere, were duly filled. The army was well sup plied with stores and provisions. Mails came regularly with their welcome freight of letters from home, and papers bringing news of what was passing in the world without, and in the vicinity of the soldiers homes, which interested them still more. Other remembrances also came, in the shape of boxes and packages, containing articles to minister to the comfort of the men in the field, and these tokens came close home to the hearts of the various recipients. For the men who honored reli gion, and sought to practise its precepts amid the din of arms and the hindrances interposed to Christian duty on the tented field, the God-fearing officer s tent was opened, where, while off camp duty, many like-minded were glad to assemble and find comfort and strength in the words of praise, prayer and exhortation heard with in, and support in the great struggle going on, in an arm mightier than man s. President Lincoln, whose reve rent spirit led him habitually to look upward for help to bear the grievous burdens pressing on him, was ever the friend of the chaplains, and was pleased to have them lead the soldiers to trust in that Supreme Protector without whose guardianship of" the city, the watchman waketh but in vain." The President s great anxiety for the safety of the country, and for the success of its armies, led him often to the front when troops lay within easy reach from Washington. It was no uncommon thing to see him at ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 43 reviews, mingling familiarly with officers, and express ing sympathy with the troops in their sacrifices for the common cause, and inspiring confidence by his hopeful words and by his serene faith in the ultimate success of the right. On the 6th of this month the whole cavalry force of the Potomac army was reviewed by the Presi dent and General Hooker, near Falmouth. Mrs. Lincoln was with him on this occasion, and their little son "Tad," the boy riding a pony and Mrs. Lincoln seated in a car riage drawn by six horses. Many of the One Hundred and Twentieth were spectators of the review, which presented a more superb and imposing display than it had ever been their privilege to see. On the 7th 4< the boys " were out in force to see the President, as he passed through their camp. His thoughtful, honest, care-worn face, lit up at times with a smile while con versing with those near him, impressed them deeply, and many spoke what they felt, that he was indeed the man for the crisis, and fitly chosen to pilot the ship of state safely through the tempestuous seas. On April 8th the Third Corps, under General Sickles, was reviewed by the President near the Lacey House, opposite Fred- ericksburg. The Corps was arrayed in line of battle, forty regiments in double column forming the right, a number of batteries of artillery the left, while a hundred yards in rear of the centre, the immense baggage, ammunition and supply trains were located, with 2,000 mules attached to the multitudinous wagons of the trains. Apropos of the mules, a stirring, and but for its sober accompaniments, a ludicrous incident here occurred. For as a battery suddenly opened in salute of the review ing party, some of the long-eared quadrupeds, not yet 44 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. hardened to the roar of cannon, were seized with a panic, ensuing in a stampede of a large number. Mules dashed against mules, and against and over all obstacles that rose before them, producing a scene of the wildest confusion and dismay. Nor did the scene pass without harm resulting, for a number of men received hurts more or less serious, and not a few mules had broken legs and other injuries, making the killing of them necessary. Notwithstanding this exciting episode, not down in the bills, the review went along according to the programme, and was in every respect a grand military display, well deserving the encomiums it received. On April loth the regiment went with the whole brigade to General Sickles headquarters to see the President take leave of the army, on his return to Wash ington. The troops lined both sides of the corduroy road they had built, the lines extending from General Hooker s headquarters to the railway station. The President, Mrs. Lincoln and little son in a carriage pre ceded Generals Hooker and Sickles and their staffs, while cheers uprose from the troops, and strains of mar tial music rent the air, proclaiming how the hearts of all were affected toward their kind, wise ruler, and how warmly they responded to his good wishes for triumphs soon to come. All indications now pointed to the speedy beginning .of active work in the field. The last inspections were held, requisite stores were supplied, articles not essen tial to an army in marching and fighting trim, were laid aside to be left behind, and all were awaiting the daily expected summons to break camp and march forth ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 46 against the enemy. General Stoneman, in command of the cavalry, had received his orders before the 1 3th of April, to cross the Rappahannock at its upper fords and sweep down upon, and cut off Lee s communications with Richmond, with the design of forcing the latter to fall back on his depots and give up Fredericksburg. The crossing could not be effected, by reason of heavy and continuous rains which made the river unfordable for many days at the point he meant to cross, nor did he get over till the main army had crossed, and the work he was sent to do, even if possible then to be done, ceased to be of any avail. By the 3Oth of April, the principal part of the army had crossed the river, General Hooker having reached Chancellorsville, at 6 p. M., of that day, with four corps, besides that of General Sickles, in reserve and near at hand. The crossing had been effected skillfully and expeditiously, and it looked as though Hooker s plan for enveloping and crushing the hostile army, was in a fair way of successful ex ecution. It was not owing to any misgiving on the part of the General commanding, or want of perfect con fidence in the success of his plans and manoeuvres, that he did not succeed. His jubilant manifesto, issued at Chancellorsville, and read by Colonel Westbrook, on this same 3Oth of April before the regiment, which had not yet crossed the river, proclaims how sanguine the General felt of grasping a splendid victory, such a thing as failure being judged by him quite out of the question. It ran in these ambitious words, which remind one strongly of Pope s grandiloquent address when he assumed command of the army, a short time before Bull Run : 46 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. "It is with heartfelt satisfaction that the Commanding General announces to the army, that the operations of the last three days have determined that our enemy must either ingloriously fly, or come out from behind his entrenchments and give us battle on our own ground, where certain destruction awaits him. The operations of the Fifth, Eleventh and Twelfth Corps have been a succession of splendid achievements. " By command of Major General Hooker." The " achievements " of getting on the ground in so alert and silent a way as to surprise Lee, still at Fredericks- burg, were no doubt " splendid" enough, but they were after all only preliminary, deciding nothing so long as the remaining steps in the plan were not properly taken. Hooker s plan in brief was, to have Sedgwick with three corps cross the Rappahannock below Fredericksburg, himself holding four corps under his own eye around Chan- cellorsville, and then have the two wings move toward each other, taking the enemy in flank and in reverse, and thus effect his "certain destruction," as the order expressed it. It was a very pretty plan, similar to McClellan s plan at Antietam though this had bet ter results and might have succeeded had it been promptly and thoroughly carried out, and had nothing unexpected occurred to disconcert and overthrow it. But such unforeseen thing did occur in the shape of Stone wall Jackson s little counter-move against Hooker s Eleventh corps under Howard, lying far off to the right, unguarded, unsuspicious of danger, in military phrase "in the air," and thus presenting a tempting prize to the eye of an enterprising adversary. The attack, which fell like a thunderbolt from a clear sky, suddenly turned Hooker s sunshine into black clouds! ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. <\J and thenceforward he had all he could do to repel, with out being himself overthrown, the fierce and repeated onslaughts of the foe. What share the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment had in the progress of this grim and sanguinary conflict, will appear in the follow ing chapter. At this stage of the war, the crossing of the Rappa- hannock by the Union army seemed the certain presage of defeat and disaster. After two gallant attempts to win victory beyond this river, resulting in failure, further effort in this direction, as the faint-hearted would be ready to say, might as well be abandoned. But the faint-hearted did not control the national counsels, nor pervade the armies in the field, as would be shown ere long by the locality where the great final triumphs of the war were achieved. CHAPTER VI. CROSSING THE RAPPAHANNOCK HOOKER AND HIS ARMY AT CHANCELLORS- VILLE STONEWALL JACKSON S ATTACK ON HOWARD STAMPEDE OF THE ELEVENTH CORPS CONFEDERATE ADVANCE ARRESTED ACCOUNTS OF THE BATTLE AND THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH S PART IN IT. COLONEL WESTBROOK S MEMORANDA MR. LEWIS DIARY GENERAL DOUBLEDAY S HISTORY DEATH OF GENERALS BERRY AND WHIPPLE ARMY RECROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK LOSSES AT CHANCELLORSVILLE. On the afternoon of April 28th, the regiment began its march toward the Rappahannock, not reluctant to bid farewell to the rude log- huts in which they had been " cabin d, cribbed, confined," for four months. Advanc ing four miles, the Excelsior brigade encamped in a wood not far from the river-bank above Fredericks- burg. It remained here till the 3Oth, the troops cheered by the paymaster s presence, whom they had not seen for several months, and who now cancelled all arrears. This did the "heart good, like a medicine," infusing fresh strength for the heat and burden of the coming days. Resuming their march at noon, they held on their way till midnight ; making a detour to avoid the enemy s observation, the brigade bivouacking in an open field within four miles of United States Ford. On May ist at noon they crossed the river, and making a rapid march of five miles, were stationed in support of a bat tery. The position occupied was nearly in the rear of the centre of the Union line, and of General Hooker s ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 49 headquarters, at the Chancellors ville House. The division of General Berry, to which the brigade belonged, was held as a reserve. While the division lay at this point, and toward the close of the following day, May 2d, Jackson s famous attack was made on Howard s Eleventh Corps, lying on the extreme right of the Union lines. The effect of this attack, as is well known, was overwhelming. The troops of Howard, taken by surprise, as nearly all can did authorities agree, many of them away from their arms, some preparing or taking their evening meal, had little time to form line or make effective resistance against the sudden storm which burst upon them. With some gallant, though unavailing attempts, on the part of a brigade or two, to stand firm, the whole corps was thrown into confusion and became, in a brief space, a disorganized, flying crowd, that streamed in wild disorder to the rear, past Hooker s headquarters. Men, wildly- seeking their own safety, horses, with and without riders, army wagons and ambulances, pack mules, beef cattle bellowing as they ran, formed a scene such as bedlam broke loose might fitly represent. The enemy, yelling and firing, pressed fast on the heels of the panic-stricken throng. There was ground for fear, that other troops stationed in the route of these fugitives, might not escape the contagion of fright, or might not be able to make successful head against the furious onslaughts of a foe, elated by success, and dashing forward to grasp larger and more decisive advantages. Resistance, however, to the rebel advance, was prompt ly made, and so effectually, that a check for a time at least, was put upon it. General Berry s division, held 4 5O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. in reserve, as before stated, was now brought into requisition, and bore an important part in staying the rushing tide that threatened to sweep away everything before it. Doubleday, says of this division : " they were true and tried men and went forward at once to the res cue. Berry was directed to form across the Plank Road, drive the rebels back and retake the lost entrenchments an order easy to give but very difficult to execute. The most he could do under the circum stances, was to form his line in the valley opposite Fairview, and hold his position there, the enemy already having possession of the higher ground beyond." This force, with several batteries formed across the Plank Road, whose fire was very destructive, largely contributed to arrest the farther advance of the enemy The commander of the One Hundred and Twentieth, Colonel C. D. Westbrook, has furnished some interest ing memoranda relating to the situation and action of his regiment and of the troops associated with it, grow ing out of Jackson s attack and the rout of the Eleventh Corps. What effective part these troops took in arrest ing the furious progress of Jackson s forces, will appear from the following statement : " Massed in close column by division, our brigade lay under arms until about 5 p. M., May 2, when we were sent forward on double- quick about half a mile on the Plank Road. Here we met General Berry, who sent two or three regiments ahead to the left, and ordered the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment into the thick woods on our right. On the officer in command asking, how am I to get there, in view of a ditch, overflowed swamp and densest thicket in front, the reply was, I don t know, but get there you must and form line to the front to stop this panic. The officer put spurs to his horse, cleared the ditch, floundered through the swamp and landed ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 j on a firm piece of ground, being quickly followed by the regiment. Bayonets were fixed, a charge made to the front, other regiments coming up and extending the movement to the right. The sound of confused orders reached us from the thickets just beyond, indicating the close proximity of the enemy, when the regiment was stopped till the line, reaching about half a mile in the woods, was fully formed. Quickly came the rattle of musketry, mingled with heavy cannonading from our rear, the shells flying over head, lighting up the thickening darkness of the woods. The din was kept up till near midnight, while hastily constructed barricades of brush and logs were thrown up for such protection as they might afford. "The First and Third divisions of our Corps, had been sent away early in the afternoon to watch certain columns of the enemy which had been seen marching toward the southwest in the direction of Howard s command. These divisions had attacked the rear of the marching column, and had captured a Georgia regiment, shortly after which, Jackson s attack fell upon Howard s Corps. After this cap ture, the two divisions marched back still on the left of the Plank Road, reaching a position, where, with our division on the right of the road and Howard s in front, they formed together three sides of a triangle. Jackson s forces having swept away Howard s, were now the side of the triangle in front of us on the right of the Plank Road. Being mingled together, in their hot pursuit through the thick woods and darkness, and arrested by the charge of our troops, they struggled in vain to reform their disordered lines. The leading division was therefore withdrawn to Dowdall s Tavern, to reform, and A. P. Hill s division sent to occupy their places in the front. While this was going on, Jackson, with a few of his aids, went forward to reconnoitre, with a view to continuing his aggresive operations, charging his pickets to beware of firing upon him, on his return. He was struck down, as he could hardly fail to be, in that seething fur nace of shot and shell, lighting up the darkness on every side, but whether his own men, or the enemy, fired the fatal shots, is not cer tainly known. His death it may be, saved the Union army from complete overthrow. It is certain, that had he lived to direct the fiery energies of his troops, it would have resulted in much greatei disaster to the army opposed to him. As it was, the arrest of Jack son s forces by Berry s division, with the co-operation of troops and artillery, brought up by Pleasanton, just at the critical juncture, saved 52 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. the Fifth Corps, lying in their front, from being flanked, and with it, probably, the routing of Hooker s army at Chancellorsville. On the other hand, had Reynolds and Meade s corps, together 37,000 strong, both of whom for inexplicable reasons had taken no part in the battle, made an attack on the flank of Jackson s forces, while the fierce struggle about Hazel Grove was going on, as their command ers wished, but were not allowed to do, the tables would have been turned and Chancellorsville would have been won to the Union arms. But it is useless to speculate on what might or would have been under other conditions. "The brunt of the battle had fallen on the Third Corps. Their loss was 3,439 killed and wounded, and 600 missing, the latter loss consisting mostly of men burned in the woods, where a conflagration kindled by the combat, licked up the wounded and the dead. " To the foregoing account, some notes from Mr. Lewis diary, are subjoined, relating mainly to operations on the day following Jackson s attack : "There was heavy firing all night in many places along the line, while ever and anon, the Union cheer or rebel yell, told us of a fierce charge. Sunday, May 3d, at about 6 A. M., our pickets were driven in, and the enemy, in large force, fell upon us with terrible fury. Soon we were pouring into his advancing columns, a terrific fire of musketry, with which was mingled, the roar of forty cannon, while the air seemed filled with minie-balls, shot and shell. The enemy came rushing on till they were checked within twenty-five feet of our breastworks. We held our position two hours, until our lines were broken a short distance to the left of our regiment. As the enemy came up on our flank, company by company fell back and formed a line of battle a short distance to the rear, which position we easily held. The officer in command of our brigade of the division also, since General Berry s death and the wounding of General Mott General Joseph W. Revere, then led us back nearly to the river where we remained during the rest of ths day." General Doubleday, in his history of the battle, explains the position and service of Berry s division here referred to, as follows : ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. 5 3 "The last line of our works was finally taken by the enemy, who, having succeeded in driving off the Third Maryland, of the Twelfth Corps, on Berry s left, entered near the road and enfiladed the line to the right and left. Sickles sent Ward s brigade, to take the place of the Third Maryland, but it did not reach the position assigned it in time, the enemy being already in possession. In attempting to remedy this disorder, Berry was killed, and his successor, General Mott, was wounded. The command then devolved upon General Revere, who, probably considering further contest hopeless, led his men out of the action without authority an offense for which he was subsequently tried and dismissed the service."* The fighting from the early morning of May 3d, till the Union troops were forced back from the third line, was of the most furious character. Our lines, under Hancock, Sickles, Slocum, Couch and Humphreys, were formed in front and around the Chancellorsville House, with nearly the whole rebel army, under A. P. Hill, McLaws, Anderson and Stuart, (in place of " Stonewall " Jackson, disabled the night before,) determined at all hazards, to break through and overwhelm their tena cious enemy. Frequent and desperate attacks were made upon the Union positions, which were defended with equal energy and resolution. The contest about Hazel Grove and Fairview, was hottest. The possession of the hill at the former point, was vital to the success of the Confederates, and when after tremendous efforts, they gained the height and crowned it with artillery, they became virtually masters of the situation. Nothing was left for the Union forces to do, but to fall back, step by step, which was clone in perfect order, every foot of the ground being contested with unabated spirit * The sentence, however, being subsequently set aside through President Lincoln s interposition. 54 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. and constancy, and no position abandoned till it became untenable. Sickles Corps, on which the main force of the attack fell, and which had a large share in prevent ing our ranks from falling into confusion, behaved throughout with conspicuous coolness and gallantry. Birney s and Berry s two divisions of this corps, were posted on the Plank Road, running from Chancellors- ville through the centre of the Union line. General Birney, was on the left of the road, and Berry, under whom the Excelsior Brigade fought, occupied the right. They were both exposed to the full sweep of the enemy s onset, and held fast their respective positions unflinch ingly, to the last moment that resistance could avail. General Berry, after stemming with his division the night before, the torrent of pursuing enemies, flushed with success, and on this 3d of May, having done all that a brave and energetic leader could, to inspire his troops and keep their ranks unbroken, yielded up his heroic life, a victim to his devotion. No braver soldier in the Union army, laid his last supreme offering this day on the altar of his country, as none had a higher place in the confidence and affections of his comrades. His death was a sore loss to his command, and indeed, to the Union army, of which he formed one of the props and ornaments. A kindred tribute is due to General A. W. Whipple, who was in command of the Third division of Sickles Corps. This division, with Birney s, after their engage ment with Jackson s rear column, as before noticed, had returned in time to confront, on the evening of the 2d, the advance of Jackson s troops, who were near- ing the Chancellorsville House. These divisions, with ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 5 artillery under Captain J. F. Huntingdon, hastily placed in position, baffled the last assault of the enemy that night. General Whipple s services on May 3d, his position being in rear of Berry and near Fairview, were equally efficient in the fierce contest there progressing, which ended, as noticed, in the falling back of the division. On the morning of May 4th, while attempt ing to silence some guns, which by Anderson s orders, had opened on some wagon trains of the Twelfth Corps, he was picked off by a sharpshooter and killed, adding thus another lustrous name to the long list of devoted men, who, in those trying days, poured out their life- blood for their country. The death of two division commanders, of the same corps, on the same field, though on two successive days, is an event, which the history of the four years conflict has rarely found it necessary to record. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, was left encamped, on the evening of the 3d, near the Rappahannock, the severe fighting of the day being ended. The conflict was not renewed on the following day, nor was there any purpose on the Union side to renew it. General Hooker, had on the 3d, been stunned and rendered unconscious for a time, by a shot striking a pillar against which he was leaning, of the Chancellors- ville House, and the effect had been to impair the activity and strength in action which the crisis needed, and to incline him to turn his thoughts to re-crossing the river, as a measure of prudence, if not of necessity. Accordingly, a council of war was called on the evening of the 4th, at which the situation was discussed, a decision being arrived at, and an order issued to recross. 56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. This was carried into effect, and within a brief period, the several corps, forming the bulk of the army, found themselves on the north bank of the Rappahannock, whence they had hopefully issued a few days before, and minus the victory they had confidently expected to seize. General Sedgwick, with the Sixth Corps, con taining 26,000 men, had barely been able to hold his own against the forces confronting him, and after various successes and reverses, whose detail is not a necessary part of this narrative, found it expedient also to retire across the river. The much needed help promised him from Hooker s wing of the army, had not been sent, and perhaps could not be sent, because not able to be spared from a body struggling for its own life, and bent on securing a safe retreat. When this last had been effected, nothing remained for the gallant Sixth Corps, in its critical position in front of Lee s whole army, but to do as the other wing had done and place the Rap pahannock between itself and its vaunting enemy. And so the Army of the Potomac was re-united once more on the north bank of the little historic river which divided it, as it had done the past winter, from the foe it had not yet been able to overcome. The losses in the Chancellorsville campaign, were larger than those at Fredericksburgh, heavy as the latter were. The fearful total was upwads of 17,000 men, of which number, 12,000, in round numbers, formed the aggregate i n Billed and wounded. The Confederate loss, as reported, was some 2,000 less, the whole number on both sides being 22,000 a figure about equalling the entire present population, men, women and children, of the city of Kingston. The comparison will help to ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 J give a proper conception of what a great battle, which mows down more than a score of thousands of men, really means. War is a costly business to life and limb, besides the manifold evils of other kinds which mark its desolating footsteps. Happy day for the world, when the prophetic turning of the sword into the ploughshare, shall find its fulfillment among the nations, in the cessa tion of all wars, and the establishment of universal peace. The number of casualties in the One Hundred and Twentieth, according to the Adjutant s report, showed nine killed, 46 wounded, including one commissioned officer, Captain Frank W. Reynolds, and 18 missing, total 72. A more severe ordeal was awaiting the regi ment in the coming days. The discipline and trials thus far, were simply preparative. The men were not querulous nor disheartened at what they had gone through, nor disposed to shrink at the prospect which opened before them. But true to the. cause they had espoused, and to their own convictions that complete triumph must come in the end to the right, they stood manfully in their lot, ready to do and suffer all that duty to their country demanded. CHAPTER VII. LEE S INVASION OF THE NORTH WHY UNDERTAKEN ^CONDITION OF CON FEDERATE ARMY ADVANCES THROUGH SHENANDOAH VALLEY CROSSES THE POTOMAC OPERATIONS IN PENNSYLVANIA HOOKER S MOVEMENTS AND PLANS RESIGNS COMMAND OF UNION ARMY GENERAL MEADE APPOINTED TO THE CHIEF COMMAND MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH, AFTER CHANCELLORSVILLE. The outcome of Hooker s repulse at Chancellorsville, following after an interval of a few months the repulse of Burnside at Fredericksburg, was the invasion of the North by the Confederate army. Such an invasion had long been a cherished idea on the part of the secession leaders. Their two successes at the points above men tioned, put the Confederates in high spirits. They came to regard themselves as adequate to all military achieve ments they might choose to undertake, and in a trial at arms, practically invincible. The crossing of the Potomac into Maryland after the second battle of Bull Run, was in accordance with their favorite idea of invasion. The battle of Antietam, baffled, for a time, the purpose which Lee and his gov ernment were longing to execute, viz., to retaliate upon the North, the inflictions of the war, which had hith erto mainly fallen upon southern soil. It would be a delightful change, to have Confederate armies encamped on northern fields and quartered in northern cities, with ample supplies exacted from both. The prospect was a captivating one and grew more alluring after Chancel- ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 69 lorsville. The time seemed now to have come, for the Confederate forces to pass over and take possession of the land. They felt themselves quite strong enough to go up and subdue it, as they were eager to enjoy the fruits of their anticipated conquest. The had only to put away doubt and misgiving and throw their energies into the inviting enterprise, and the result aimed at, was, to their fancy, surely attained. As a reward of their heroism, zeal and constancy, the Confederate government, they believed, would be firmly established. It would be recognized as a government, by foreign nations, and this they had labored for and were specially anxious to bring about. They had their agents abroad to promote this object, and all possible means were employed to accomplish it, though their best efforts thus far, had met with but indifferent success. They regarded England and France, and with good reason, as secretly favoring the South, and as willing to grant such recognition the moment the Confederate cause had attained a fitting measure of success. This o would be, it was believed, when the southern armies had taken possession of the great cities and strongholds of the North, maintaining their hold in spite of all opposi tion. In the flush of their recent successes on the Rap- pahannock, they laughed at all obstacles that might rise up to prevent the realizing of a dream so enchanting. They had only to go forward, resolute to brave all, and overcome all that opposed them, and their staunch, irresistible army would settle the matter exactly in the way they designed. This, no doubt, was the strong inducement that led General Lee to recross the Potomac, and try his for- 6O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. tunes a second time on northern territory. There were other things which had their weight, such as reports, constantly forwarded by rebel spies and sympathizers in the North, to the effect that friends of the southern cause residing there, were only waiting for the advance of Lee s armies to declare themselves, put an end to the hated war by siding with the invaders and thus secure to the South an independent government thenceforth. But the copperhead element, with the bluster and assump tion it at times put on, was, when the spirit of the loyal masses fairly awoke, but as the chaff which the wind driveth away. The South put more trust in it than sensible people should, and had really no reason to wonder, when it proved a broken reed for those who leaned upon it, General Lee s decision, however reached, was made at last, and preparations for his invasion at once began. His army, during May, was strengthened by two divisions of Longstreet, and a large number of new recruits, the whole amounting on May 3ist, to 88,000 men in round numbers, of whom 68,000 were ready for active service. The recent battles had not diminished his effective force, while the morale of his troops was higher than ever. A finer army in numbers, in equip ment, in discipline, in spirit, courage and confidence, had at no time taken the field under the Confederate flae. o The army, divided into three corps, commanded respect ively by A. P. Hill, Longstreet and Ewell, was ready at the opening of June, to begin its famous invasion. Its rendezvous was Culpeper, for which place two of Longstreet s divisions set out on the 3d of June, followed on the 4th, by Ewell s corps. A reconnoisance ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 6 I by Pleasanton, in command of the Union cavalry, on the 7th, toward Culpeper, resulted in a sharp engage ment with the enemy s cavalry, under Stuart, near Brandy Station, without effecting much for either side. To get rid of serious obstructions to crossing the Potomac, Lee found it important to free the Shenandoah valley from Union troops, a considerable body of whom, under Milroy, held it, and with no intention to relinquish possession, unless forced to do it. This forcing process was resorted to by General Ewell, who, on the i3th of June, marched upon Winchester, where Milroy was rest ing in fancied security, and whence he was driven out by overpowering numbers and obliged to retreat beyond the Potomac. His losses in this operation were heavy, but the Confederates gained their end in clearing the valley of all Union troops and thus opening an unob structed highway through the valley of the Shenandoah for all the troops desiring to take that route. Jenkins, at the head of 2,000 cavalry, crossed the river at Williamsport, June i5th, reaching Chambers- burg, the same day. He exacted contributions of horses, grain, etc., from the farmers, as he advanced, striking terror into the hearts of the inhabitants of the region, who, looking upon his force as simply the forerunner of hosts to follow, trembled to think what was to befall them when the main army should appear. In fact, Ewell s Corps, was not long in following the lead of its cavalry, and on the 22d, it had crossed the Potomac, the divisions of Rodes and Johnson reaching Chambers- burg, on the 23d. On the 27th, these divisions had ad vanced to Carlisle, while Jenkins, with his cavalry, pushed forward to Kingston, only thirteen miles from Har- 6 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. risburg. This daring" cavalry leader, approached within four miles of Harrisburg, skirmishing and seeking to find out the most favorable points for attacking the city. With Ewell s infantry to back him, the fate of the Penn sylvania capitol seemed to be trembling in the balance. Numbers of the citizens, dreading the impending danger, made a hasty flight. But events were occurring elsewhere, which made Ewell s recall necessary, and relieved Harrisburg from the presence of a threatening enemy at its gates. The corps of Longstreet and Hill, had crossed the Potomac on the 24th, and united the next day at Hagers- tovvn. On the 2/th, they were at Chambersburg, Hill s Corps, advancing to Fayettsville, where it was encamped, on the 29th, with Heth s division thrown forward on that clay to Cashtown, distant eight miles from Gettys burg. There Hill s Corps was within striking distance of Gettysburg, on the west, Longstreet being close behind him, with Ewell s Corps on the north of this town and but a few miles off, all indicating that Gettys burg was the point toward which the rebel forces were converging, and where it was determined to abide the issue of a pitched battle. This outline to the Confed erate army s movements is given with some detail, in order that the operations of the Union forces, before the great battle of Gettysburg, so momentous in its results, may be more clearly seen and understood. For some weeks after the battle of Chancellorsville, tire Army of the Potomac lay quietly in its encampments near the Rappahannock. General Hooker was not long in learning that the enemy was projecting some move ment, though what its character or direction was, he had ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 6 * v7 no certain knowledge. A change in the encampment on the other side of the river met his eye, and General Sedgwick was directed to send troops across to recon noitre and ascertain whether the main body of Lee s army remained there. A division was accordingly sent over, which was soon confronted by Hill s Corps, which still retained its position near Fredericksburg. The division sent by Sedgwick, returned, reporting that Lee s army had not moved, though, in fact, Longstreet s and Ewell s corps, were then some distance on their way to Culpeper. Hill, with his corps, followed the others as soon as he found the force sent by Hooker withdrawn from the Fredericksburg side of the river and Sedgwick gone from his front, and then the whole of Lee s army was moving forward on its northern expedition. General Hooker remained opposite Fredericksburg, till the 1 3th of June, when, hearing of Ewell s advance on Winchester, he started north toward Washington. On the 1 5th, three of his seven corps were grouped around Centreville, one was at Manasses, the others at Fairfax Court House, with Pleasanton and his cavalry force at Warrenton. The Union army was now on the alert, the purpose of the enemy being ascertained, and proper preparation was made to repel the invasion from whatever quarter it might come. When the rebel forces were capturing towns in Pennsylvania and threatening Harrisburg itself, urgent appeals were forwarded to Hooker to hasten to the rescue. But his plan was, while he kept his army interposed between Lee and Washington, so as to guard the Capitol, to advance on a line parallel with Lee s army, ready to strike it whenever opportunity presented. 64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. With this view, his army advanced cautiously, step by step, in the direction taken by the enemy, a part of it crossing the Potomac on the 25th, the corps of Reynolds, Sickles and Howard, being that night at Middletown and extending as far as Boonsboro. On the 26th, the Second, Fifth and Sixth corps, were advanced to Fred erick, and by the 28th, the greater part of the army was drawn together at this point as a rendezvous. Another change in Union commanders now took place. Certain measures which Hooker desired to effect for the advantage of the army, as he believed, were not approved by the Washington authorities, and feeling that he was hampered, if not thwarted, by this failure to comply with his requests, he resigned his command. His resignation was accepted and General George G. Meade, was at once appointed to fill his place. A change so important, on the verge of a great battle that might occur at any moment, might seem a very dangerous tiling to do But the new commander, though O ~> O untried in a position so high and responsible, was well known as a soldier of experience and skill a brave, capable and efficient officer, who would be sure to devote his best energies to carrying out successfully, the great work that had devolved upon him. He found the army true, loyal and prompt, as it had always been, and ready for whatever service its com mander might direct. Only three days would elapse before its spirit and endurance would be tested in one of the greatest battles in our history. It was a brief time for a commander to adjust himself to his position, and for the troops to know and confide in their leader. Yet when the trying time came, both leader and soldiers ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 6 5 showed that their short connections with each other, had wrought no harm to the cause, and abated nothing from the ardor, energy and devotion to duty, which made their struggle victorious. From Frederick, where the army was on the 28th of June, General Meade moved nearer the Susquehanna, and to the enemy clustered around Gettysburg. On the 3Oth, the left of his army, the First Corps, was at Marsh Creek, the Eleventh Corps, at Emmetsburg, a few miles from Gettysburg. The other corps were located at different points south of the latter town, but near enough to each other to operate promptly, should battle occur at or near Gettysburg. Thus situated, with Gettysburg as a central point, and the two armies the circle around it, both awaited, on the 3Oth of June, such developements as another day might bring forth. Little has been said in this chapter about the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. Its movements and history during the two months after Chancellorsville, are embraced in those of the whole army whose preparations to meet the invasion of Lee, have been described. Not much of special interest occurred requiring distinct notice. Drilling and reviews, marching and counter marching, picket duty and guarding wagon trains, with routine service in camp, occupied the time, till the sev eral corps began to move toward the north. On the 25th of June, the regiment crossed the Potomac at Edwards Ferry, marching along the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, to Monocacy aqueduct. On the next day, it advanced to the Point of Rocks, and on the 27th, went into camp thirteen miles beyond, in the vicinity of Mid- dletown. On the 28th, a march of 16 miles, took the 66 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. regiment through Frederick and several small villages in Maryland, to Walkersville, and on the 29th, it advanced to Taneytown, where part of the Union forces were encamped, awaiting the order that should send them forward to the field on which the issues of the battle, so near at hand, were to be decided. As an evidence of the Union feeling that existed in Maryland, when the regiment passed through it, and how the hearts of the people warmed to the old flag- though many regarded them as having strong southern sympathies an extract from the memoranda of Mr. Lewis, will be found of interest : "Our march since we reached Maryland, has been through a beautiful section. Evidences of thrift were on every hand. It was pleasant to look upon the comfortable homes, the fine orchards loaded with fruit, and the large fields of waving grain. The people with whom we conversed, were outspoken in their loyalty to the Union, and we felt that we were among our friends. The ladies in many cities and villages through which we passed, were wild with joy at the sight of the Union army, and welcomed us with patriotic songs and waving flags. Our men who visited houses along the line of march, found plenty of bread, pies, cakes, biscuits, milk, fruit, and vegatables, which were given to them or purchased at very low prices. Some of these loyal people did not keep enough for them selves to eat. In some of the towns and villages, ladies, with their servants, stood in front of their houses eagerly passing pure cold water to our thirsty soldiers." We have seen other accounts of Maryland, during the war, giving a far less favorable view of the people s loyalty there, especially just after the rebellion broke out. But, in this third year of the conflict, the people had found time for reflection, and this, it is pleasant to believe, had led those who had wavered, to abhor seces- ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 6j sion and disunion and cling to the old flag, and extend cordial greetings to the men who were bearing and defending it. The invasion of Maryland the year before and the battle of Antietam, had done much to open the eyes of wavering Marylanders, and to revive love for the Union, in hearts, where it had begun to languish. The lesson then learned, was soon to be repeated at Gettysburg, and with more emphasis, and wider benefits to the Union cause. CHAPTER VIII. ON THE FIELD OF GETTYSBURG BATTLE OF THE FIRST DAY, JULY 1ST UNION FORCES WITHDRAW TO CEMETERY HILL SECOND DAY S BATTLE ATTACK ON SICKLES CORPS THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH IN THE HOTTEST OF THE CONFLICT ITS GALLANT DEFENSE AND RECORD- ITS HEAVY LOSSES IN KILLED AND WOUNDED SAD SCENES ON THE BATTLE-FIELD PICKETT s CHARGE AND REPULSE ON THE THIRD DAY RETREAT OF LEE IMPORTANCE OF THE UNION VICTORY. The opposing armies which had been gathering around Gettysburg, were, on the jOth of June, near to each other and gradually drawing nearer, so that a speedy collision could not long be avoided. That collision took place at 9 A. M., of July ist. Heth s division of Hill s Corps, advancing from the west on the Chambersburg road, struck the cavalry division under Buford, which had been thrown forward and was holding the ridges to the west of Gettysburg. Buford was determined to pre vent, if possible, the Confederates from entering the town, knowing that if he could maintain his ground, he would soon have the support of the First Corps, then hastening forward to join him. In spite of all that skill, gallantry and the most stub born resistance could do, Buford was forced back slowly before overwhelming numbers, till at length, one division of the First Corps, with General Reynolds himself, appeared upon the field and at once joined in the struggle to repel the advancing host. The remainder of the First Corps, reached the field about 1 1 A. M., but before ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 69 it arrived, some of the fiercest fighting of this opening day had taken place. The most of the fighting during this day, was on the ridges on each side of Willoughby Run, a small stream a few rods west of Seminary Ridge, along which the Confederate line of battle stretched on the second and third days of July. A piece of woods between Willoughby Run and Seminary Ridge, possessed such advantages, that both sides were eager to seize and hold it, and the fight for the mastery of this coveted shelter, was furious and prolonged. It was at the eastern entrance to this woods, that General Rey nolds, the pride of the army, one of the brightest names on the roll of the nation s leaders and heroes, fell dead from the bullet of a sharpshooter. A monument now marks the spot where his noble life ended. Energetic and stubborn, as the resistance was to the rebel advance, it was not sufficient to prevent the num bers that came pouring on from the west, from gaining ground. The Eleventh Corps, under Howard, came up about one o clock, to the support of the First, and formed line along Seminary Ridge, on the right of Doubleday, then in command of the First Corps. But now Swell s troops were advancing from the north, and Howard was obliged to face his line in that direction to meet their attack, and was unable to render much aid to the First Corps, in their desperate struggle against Hill. With out describing in detail the movements of the several o bodies now engaged, it must suffice to say that the Eleventh Corps, was no more able to hold its position against the mighty odds brought against it than the First Corps had been. Both corps, in short, were gradually forced back, before overpowering numbers. The First /O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Corps, having held its ground much longer than pru dence dictated, only retreated, when, to remain longer, must have resulted in its capture or utter destruction. As it was, the losses in it were appalling. " Half of its numbers," as its heroic commander, Doubleday , reported, " lay dead and wounded on the field, and hardly a field officer had escaped." Among the regiments sharing this loss and which for hours had, in the front line, withstood these furious attacks of the foe, was the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., a monument to whose dead soldiers stands on the spot, consecrated by their valor and sacrifices. The falling back of the First Corps, which had, from morning till late in the afternoon, borne the main brunt of the attack, was not in disorder, much less in panic. Broken and defeated, it was not dismayed, and slowly, firmly, contesting every foot of the ground as it retired, its wearied ranks reached at last, Cemetery Hill, and were freed for a time, from further pursuit. This hill, or Ridge, as it is commonly called, since famous, had been designated before the battle, by General Reynolds, as a suitable position upon which his force could rally if driven back. The hill was not only well adapted for this exigency, but for the line of battle which was stretched along its top during the memorable days of July second and third. One division of the Eleventh Corps, under Steinwehr, had occupied it as a reserve, while the other two divisions had gone forward to engage in the battle then pending. And now as the bloody day was closing, the soldiers of both corps were collected on these formidable heights, Waclsworth s division, of the First Corps, occupying Culps Hill. The men rested on their arms in readiness for an attack, should one be ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. J I made, and knowing- well that the battle, suspended for a time, would certainly be renewed on the following day. It was now decided by General Meade, to concen trate his army on Cemetery Ridge, and to await battle on this strong position. The several corps accordingly soon began to arrive, the Third and the Twelfth the same evening, the others coming up the next day, the Sixth, under Sedgwick, after a march of thirty-four miles, not reaching the field till late in the afternoon. From Gulp s Hill, to Little Round Top, a distance of two miles, the Union lines extended, and were prepared, at all points, to meet the enemy s advance. In this advantageous position, they awaited the movements of Lee s army, which, stretched along Seminary Ridge, a mile to the west, might at any moment, receive and obey the order to attack. The attack did not really begin till about half-past three in the afternoon, and then it \vas provoked by Sickles Corps, which had taken an advanced position three quarters of a mile beyond the main Union line on Cemetery Ridge. This corps, indeed, bore the brunt of the opening attack by Longstreet s troops, who s\varmed out of the \voods and over the ridges in front of the corps, and rushed into the conflict with the utmost impetuosity. Sickles Corps, served as a breakwater to the mighty oncoming flood of the enemy, and but for the gallant work they did in checking the assault and weakening its force, it might have gone hard, Sickles claims, and others agree, with the Union army that day. Be this as it may, the blow fell with tremendous force upon Sickles soldiers, who, after doing all that men 72 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. could to resist it, were forced in the end, to yield ground which was no longer tenable. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, as a part of this corps, bore its full share of the burden, suffering and loss which rested upon all, and its sharp experience in this fierce and san guinary conflict, now demands particular notice. The regiment left Taneytown, on the 3Oth of June, and on July ist, reached Emmettsburg, from which it advanced 10 miles to Gettysburg, arriving on the battle field at 2 A. M. of July 2d. It came upon the field between the Union and rebel lines, and for a longdis tance through the valley and upon the hills, could trace the two lines by the light of their fires. The battle of the day before had been fought, and the marshaling of the Union lines during the night and on the morning of this day, indicated that a deadly grapple of the giants was near at hand. The regiment moved with its corps to the place assigned to it in the line on the Ridcre. The 1 O O position of the corps, was on the left of the Union line, next to Hancock s Second Corps, and with Little Round Top in its rear, to the left. Sickles left this position not regarding it as suitable, and with the tacit assent of General Meade, advanced, as has been noticed, to one he judged more favorable. In the new position chosen, the centre of his corps was at the famous Peach Orchard, distant, about a mile from Little Round Top ; his right wing, under Humphrey, extended along the Emmets- burg road, and his left, under Birney, making a right angle at the Peach Orchard, with the other part of the line. This left the two sides of the angle exposed to an enfilading fire from batteries stationed in front of the apex of the angle, and when so situated, a sufficient ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. J 3 force assails both sides of the angle at once, as the troops of Barksdale and Kershaw did in this case, it is hardly possible for the defenders to maintain their ground suc cessfully.* The One Hundred and Twentieth was in Birney s division on the left, and on the heads of his stanch battalions, the storm of the opening battle burst in all its fury. I am not describing the battle in detail, f but simply giving an outline, so that the general features of it may be made apparent, with the view of having the service and record of the One Hundred and Twentieth better understood. And as the sharp experience of that regiment is given, in the diary hitherto quoted from, by one who passed through the raging fires of the conflict, we will listen to the story, as he tells it, in a terse and straightforward way : "Almost from the first of our advance, we had been under fire from the enemy s batteries, stationed just in the rear of their front line of battle. Some of our artillery was stationed on the brow of the hill, just in front of us, and sent an occasional reply to the fire from the enemy s guns. "At about 4 o clock in the afternoon, the enemy s batteries, on Seminary Ridge, opened on us a terrific fire, and our artillery, after passing to our front, replied. Soon their long line of infantry were seen advancing toward us under a rapid fire from our batteries. When the advance had got within rifle range of the artillery on the brow of the slope in front of us, so many of the gunners were killed or wounded, and so many of the horses had been shot, it was with the greatest difficulty that all of the pieces were drawn to the rear. J * General Doubleday s History of Gettysburg Battle. t See General Sharpe s minute account of the second day s battle in the twentieth chapter of this volume. I While the Union batteries were falling back, Bigelow s battery was directed to hold its position at all hazards, till another line of artillery could be formed beyond Plum Run. The order was obeyed, the end was accomplished, but the battery 74 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. By the time they were safely behind us, the enemy were within range of our fire. The regiment being now alone in the reserve, the men were lying down with orders not to rise till they received the word of command. The enemy s advance line having reached the base of the slope behind which we were lying, and moving forward rapidly, the order came and the whole line rose as a man and poured into their ranks such a terrible fire of musketry, as to bring them to a standstill when within a few rods of us. Then for an hour or more, the dread ful crash of battle resounded ; the rattle of musketry, the bursting of shells, the roar of cannons, mingled with the cries of the wounded, and with the cheers and yells of the determined foemen. All at once, our line was swept by an enfilading fire, under which no troops could remain and live, and it became necessary to fall back without the range of the deadly hail. We were losing very heavily in our regiment, but fell back in good order, contesting stubbornly every inch of the ground. Soon other troops from the Second and Fifth corps came forward protecting our flanks, and enabling our whole line to advance. The enemy were driven back before us, until we had retaken nearly all the ground we had just lost. Nearly all the men lost by our regiment during the battle of three days, were lost on this day. Out of 440 present for duty when the battle commenced, 203 were numbered among the killed and wounded, at its close. General Sickles, our corps commander, was wounded by a minie-ball and carried from the field, David W. Hommel, a member of our regiment, with others, assisting in this service.* Lieutenant-Colonel C. D. Westbrook, in command of the regiment, fell, severely wounded, and was carried to the rear by Alonzo Lewis and John Myers, of company I, and Charles Yates, of company H, just in time to save him from falling into the hands of the enemy. Yates, while aiding in lifting the Colonel from the ground, was was well-nigh annihilated. Of the four battery officers, one was killed, another mortally wounded, and Captain Bigelow himself wounded severely. Two sergeants were killed, and four wounded out of seven, the killed and wounded privates being in like proportion, while of the horses, eighty out of eighty-eight were killed or disabled. The battery sacrificed itself to the safety of the line, making an immortal record, a monument in honor of which appears at Gettysburg, on the spot where the battery was posted. * General Sickles was wounded, near the Trostle House, about six o clock, losing a leg as the effect of his wound. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. / 5 severely wounded in three places, requiring himself, the help he was offering to his commander. While we were lying down, before the infantry engagement, Captain Lockwood, of company A had just warned Lieutenant Ketcham, not to expose himself more than was necessary, the latter replying, "a dead man is better than a living coward," when, just as the words passed his lips, he was instantly killed. Captain L. Hollister, of company D, had his haversack taken from his side by a solid shot. A second shot came along and killed him while he was talking to some friends about the first. Captain Barker, of company K, Lieutenant Burhans, of company I, Lieutenant Freileweh, of company E, Lieutenant Carle, of company G, and Lieutenant Creighton, of company H, were also among the killed. Captain Overbagh, Adjutant E. M. C. Russell, Lieutenants E. S. Turner, Gray, Wilkinson, Pettit, Cockburn, Austin and Everett, were wounded. Of these, Lieutenants Gray and Turner, each lost an arm, while Lieutenant Cockburn, a young man of noble qualities and excellent promise, soon after died of his wounds. After the fighting had ceased for the day, some of the men visi ted the corps hospital, which had been established about half a mile to the rear, in search of wounded comrades. They found a house and yard filled with wounded, and in a grove near by, the ground was literally covered with them, while stretcher-bearers were con tinually arriving with their loads. Surgeons were passing to and fro among them, or standing about the amputating tables. Some were appealing for help and many were calling for water, and others lay suffering and dying without uttering a groan or word of complaint. " The night was calm and beautiful. The full moon rose early in the evening. Several of the regiment visited that part of the field over which we had fought twice during the day, to search among the dead and wounded for missing comrades. They went from one to the other, turning their faces up to the light of the moon, to see if they could recognize them. Strewn all over the field, and lying side by side, were the blue and gray. The wounded were calling for water, or pleading to be helped from the field. The doctors were passing from one to another, giving temporary relief, while stretcher- bearers and ambulances, were bearing them to the hospitals as fast as possible. Our position was on the left of our line of battle, and sleep during the night, could not be obtained, on account of the artillery firing and volleys of musketry in different places along the lines." 7 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. This account will give the reader who knows nothing of a battle-field, except from report, a distinct idea of the perils, sufferings and horrors which are inseperable from a sanguinary conflict like the one described. Only a small part of the picture is here disclosed to view, but the whole canvass was filled with scenes, equally sombre and harrowing, as the night ended the struggle on that hard- fought field. The soldiers of the Third Corps, had done their duty manfully, holding their ground against superior numbers, to the last extremity, and falling back to Cemetery Hill, only when successful resistance to the outflanking hosts of the enemy, was no longer possible. As it was, the desperate struggle at this point in the long line, was for a time ended, and the battle remained still undecided. Another day of conflict remained, and on the issue of that coming day, the fate of the struggling antagonists depended. The battle of July 3d, was, as everybody knows, " short, sharp, and decisive." It consisted mainly in Pickett s celebrated charge against the Union centre, where the Second Corps, under Hancock, was posted, and its overwhelming repulse by the Union forces. The charge was preceded by the tremendous roar of a hundred cannons from Seminary Ridge, and the thundering reply from nearly an equal number on the Union side. When these mighty earth-shaking voices had subsided, after an hour or two, the infantry, under Pickett, moved for ward to their deadly and desperate work. It was a work hardly more hopeful of successful result than Burnside s assault against the rocky defences of Marye s Heights. One wonders how so astute a leader as Lee could commit what every one sees to have been a blunder, and which, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. J J had he heeded Longstreet s advice, to move around the Union left, and assail it in flank and rear, would never have occurred. Pickett s devoted division, with gallantry worthy of a better cause, could only dash itself to pieces against the rocks of the Union battalions, which stood in grim array before it, and in a short time nothing remained of it but shattered fragments, which the refluent tide bore back to the point whence the body had set forth a little while before, unbroken and buoyant. This dreadful repulse ended the battle, and with it ended all northern invasions, and indeed, all hopes, in reasonable minds, of success to the rebel cause. At Gettysburg, a death blow was dealt to the rebellion, and none knew this better than the Confederate leaders. 1 " The struggle might go on for some time to come, with an army not destroyed arid able to effect its retreat into Virginia. But the struggle was henceforth to be for preservation alone, with no resources in prospect to make good present losses or ward off the collapse that was drawing slowly, but inevitably nearer. Thus the Gettysburg battle was the turning point in the mighty conflict, and the victors on that immortal field might cheer themselves with the assurance that the triumph now won was the pledge of the total triumph at no distant day, of the cause for which so many lives had been sacrificed, and such unimaginable suffering inflicted upon the households of the land. * Longstreet, in his account of the battle, in the CENTURY of Febru ary, 1887, says : " For myself, I felt that our last hope was gone, and that it was now only a question of time with us." CHAPTER IX. BETWEEN GETTYSBURG AND THE RAPIDAN GENERAL GRANT IN COMMAND OF THE UNION ARMIES PREPARING FOR A SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH AFTER GETTYS BURG LIEUTENANT-COLONEL TAPPEN IN COMMAND OF THE REGIMENT INCIDENTS IN CAMP A MILITARY EXECUTION SODIERS RECREA TIONS AFFAIRS AT JAMES CITY MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT CAP TURED. The victory at Gettysburg, with the utter failure of Lee s designs upon the North, did not result in the dis persion, capture and ruin of the rebel army. Such decisive overthrow, many have insisted, ought to have been effected, and would have been, with the proper promptness and energy in following up at once the grand triumph which the Union army had achieved. Some of the principal commanders in the beaten army, notably General Longstreet, expected an instant and unrelaxing pursuit, and have expressed, since the war, their surprise than an immediate advance against their demoralized ranks was not ordered. The prudent Union commander, however, was unwilling to take any risks, and preferred, as the part of discretion, to cling to his commanding Ridge, without molesting the enemy in his preparations for retreat. He regarded the army opposed to him, as too formidable still to be assailed with success, and that his own army, depleted by the heavy losses of the three days battle, might, if attacking, be repulsed in turn, which would counteract the solid advantages now obtained. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. JQ Perhaps his course was a wise one, though there are commanders that could be named, who, if in the same position, would have pursued a more energetic course. As it was, Lee, with his army, was suffered to win his way back toward the Potomac without serious interrup tion from his adversary, and on the morning of the i5th, twelve days after the great battle, his army stood once more on Virginia soil, where, with such recruited num bers and strength as it might gain, it was enabled to prolong the struggle for nearly two years. The whole interval between the Gettysburg battle and the spring of 1864, when the army, under General Grant, began its march southward, was given to prepa ration for the great work that lay before it. On the Qth of March, 1864, Grant received his commission as Lieu tenant- General a grade which Congress had a short time before revived and the command of all the Union armies passed under his control. He was selected as the man pre-eminently fitted for the position, his con nection with the capture of Fort Donelson, Nashville, Vicksburg, and with other brilliant successes, led the government and people to believe, that the Army of the Potomac, had found at last, the man who should lead it to victory. That gallant army, so often unfortunate in its com manders, longed for, and richly deserved, to have the leader capable of directing its fiery energies aright, and making the blows they were ever ready to strike, tell with decisive effect upon the enemy. Such a leader, it was believed, had now been given to them, and the spirit and enthusiasm of the troops rose in proportion. They knew what a bitter contest was opening before them, 8O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. and what the expectations of the country were, and they stood ready for the toil and sacrifice demanded by the one, in order to fulfill the other, in the utter overthrow and stamping out of the rebellion, General Grant visited the Army of the Potomac, on March loth, the day after his appointment to command. He made his headquarters with Meade at Brandy Sta tion, some 70 miles from Washington. A re-organiza tion of the army, recommended by General Meade who retained his command under Grant was effected, by means of which, three army corps were formed in place of the six corps which had operated at Gettysburg. These consolidated corps, were the Second, Fifth and Sixth. The Second Corps was composed of two divis ions of the old Second Corps and two divisions of the old Third Corps the command being assigned to Gen eral Hancock. The Fifth Corps, was commanded by General Warren ; the Sixth by General Sedgwick. By this arrangement, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, became connected with the Second Corps, under Hancock. The division it belonged to, was the Fourth, commanded by Brigadier General Mott, its brigade being the Second, whose commanding officer was Colonel W. R. Brewster. The number of regi ments to a brigade, was increaed by the new organiza tion, there being nine in the First brigade and eight in the Second. The re-organization being completed, the Army of the Potomac was ready to enter on the open ing campaign. It was a grand and powerful army, its total number of officers and enlisted men, of all arms and branches of the service, present and equipped for duty, on the 3Oth ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 8 I of April, 1864, being 99,438,* or, in round numbers, 100,000 men. The Army of Northern Virginia, which they were going forth to oppose and vanquish, if it might be, had hardly two-thirds of this number, as its aggregate of officers and enlisted men. But the Con federate troops were on their own soil and familiar with the country through whose fields and forests the course of the coming conflicts lay and these were advantages that fully compensated for any shortcoming in the mat ter of numbers. The Union army was sure at least, to encounter " foemen worthy of their steel." And when the Rapidan should be crossed and "the wilderness" fairly entered on, our soldiers knew perfectly that the utmost energies of an enemy, whose prowess had often been tried, would be put forth to withstand their advance, and if possible, drive them back, baffled at all points. Leaving the army for a time encamped along the banks of the Rapidan, we turn back to trace the history of the regiment with whose fortunes this narrative is principally concerned. It has been seen with what self- sacrificing bravery the One Hundred and Twentieth performed its part in the Gettysburg battle, and at what great personal cost, it attested its fidelity and devotion to duty. Colonel VVestbrook, having been disabled by his wound, the command of the regiment devolved on Major J. Rudolph Tappen, Captain A. L. Lockwood, becoming Lieutenant-Colonel. During the remainder of the summer, after the opening days of July, nothing of sufficient moment occurred in the experience of the regi ment to require special comment. Though relieved * Humphrey s " Virginia Campaign, of 64 and 65." 6 82 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. from the urgencies of the battle-field, the season of respite was not marked by inaction, for a great amount of marching, from point to point, was done during July and August, while drills and reviews, guard and picket duty, made the days, as they went by, anything but idle or leisure days. The face of the army was turned toward the south once more, where the field of its future operations lay, and was moving slowly to the line it pro posed to take up, between the Rappahannock and Rapi- dan rivers, till ready for a general advance. The regiment in its journeyings, visited localities and battle fields which the rebellion has made historic Manassas Junction, Bristoe Station, Harper s Ferry, Bull Run, Sharpsburg and Antietam, being of the number. The ranks of the regiment had grown greatly depleted through the losses of the Gettysburg campaign, and its one crying need now, was a fresh supply of men. This need, indeed, it shared with nearly all the army. Accordingly, efforts were at once put forth to supply this demand. A detail of officers and men was sent North to obtain what was so urgently required. The several rendezvous of drafted men were resorted to, to secure the necessary supply, it being found that volun tary enlistments were insufficient, and then the process of filling up the regiments went on with more or less rapidity. To what extent the thinning out in the regi ment had gone and its consequent need to be recruited, will appear from this statement in the diary before referred to : "Our ranks had already been thinned by battle and sickness. Several companies that left Kingston with nearly one hundred men, now had less than twenty ; and it was noticed, that at one of our brigade drills, the regiment numbered only eighty-three men." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS 8 \ o This was about three months after Gettysburg. And though this was far from being the whole number then composing the regiment, many being absent from parade on detached duty or in hospital or for other sufficient cause, it yet shows how reduced the numbers actually were, and what absolute necessity there was for bringing in men to fill the gaps. Fortunately, we had the state of New York, and in fact, the North itself, to draw upon, and its resources were still large and not likely soon to be exhausted. Army discipline must be maintained, as without it, no body of troops in the field can be held together or made to render efficient service. To secure this, punishment for the violation of military rules must sometimes be severe, and to appearance, even harsh and cruel. The punishment of death, for desertion, may seem dispropor- tioned to the offence, but there are circumstances under which such punishment may be warranted and even demanded. The court-martial that tries the culprits, is the judge of these, and from its decision, at times, no appeal avails. A decision of this kind, had adjudged five deserters from the Fifth Corps, to be shot on the 3<Dth of August, about half a mile from Beverly Ford, where the One Hundred and Twentieth was then encamped. The diary from which we take the incident gives the following animated account : "About 10,000 men witnessed the solemn scene. Five graves were dug in line and five coffins were placed beside them. The whole corps was drawn up in solid column, on a rise of ground, enabling all to have a good view. The five men were neatly dressed in white shirts and blue pants. The band played solemn music for about an hour, while the assembled crowd appeared deeply impressed 84 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. with the sadness of the occasion. The men, who were fine looking, were led to their graves where each was seated on the end of his coffin with hands fastened behind his back. Sixty soldiers, with loaded muskets, were drawn up in line in front of them. One of the unfortunate men was so overcome that he had to be assisted to his place. The right and left men met and kissed each other and were again placed upon their coffins. After the chaplain had spoken a few words, the order came to fire, when sixty muskets flashed, and the men lay dead upon their coffins." A story of this kind moves our sympathies deeply, and we think of the stricken hearts of the kindred of these unfortunate men who sent them forth with their benedictions and prayers to battle in their country s defense, little anticipating such a catastrophe as this, com pared with which death on the battle-field, would have been to them, a boon and blessing. It is pleasant to know, that very few, indeed, of the multitudes that went forth from northern homes to join in defending the flag, were brought to their death in a way so dreadful and ignominious. In contrast to this, the soldiers in camp had seasons of relaxation and amusement, which they enjoyed heart ily. The monotony of camp life was relieved at times by such aesthetic sports as climbing a greased pole, catching a pig by the caudal end, greased also, leaping over bars or hurdles, tossing small " contrabands," as General Butler termed them, in blankets, alternating with an occasional foot race or horse race. Apropos of the latter, one of the surgeons offered a small wager that he could run his horse a hundred yards, turn round a post and get back to the starting point sooner than a man on foot could perform the same distance. One of the captains accepted the wager ; the parties set out on ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 85 the race ; the doctor reached the post first, but the time taken in slowing his horse and turning around the post, brought the captain half way back on the home stretch and he reached the goal before he was overtaken and won the race amid the acclamations of the delighted spectators. This is one of the more pleasing aspects of the soldier s life, and we like to see him get all the innocent amusement he can, for his service in the field, is at best, one of hardship and discomfort. But I must hasten to notice a mishap, which about this time, befell a part of the regiment, and which had very serious con sequences for those on whom the misfortune fell. This was the capture by the enemy of no fewer than 1 1 3 men and two officers, with the almost certain result of their being shut up in Southern prisons, the very name of which struck horror to the soul of a Northern soldier. To understand how this disaster occurred, some account is necessary of the situation and movements of the two armies. In the early part of September, Longstreet s Corps, was detached from Lee s army and sent to join Bragg s army before Chattanooga. The defeat of Rosecrans at Chicamauga, on the 2Oth of September was the result ; in consequence of which, the Eleventh and Twelfth corps of the Union army, were sent west, under Hooker, to strengthen the army of Rosecrans. What remained of Lee s and M cade s armies, soon began active opera tions against each other, the cavalry of each army playing an important part. The Union cavalry, in three divisions, under Buford, Kilpatrick and Gregg, by a series of aggressive movements, had got possession of the whole country between the Rappahannock and the 86 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Rapidan. The enemy s cavalry, under Stuart, in two strong divisions, commanded respectively by Generals Fitz Hugh Lee and Wade Hampton, were on the watch for opportunities to assail their adversaries to advantage and regain possession of the ground lost. Meade s army was concentrated in the neighborhood of Cul- peper Court House, and Lee was manceuvering his forces with a view to bring his adversary to an engage ment on favorable ground, calculating in this case to defeat him. Stuart had posted Hampton s division at Madison Court House, a few miles south of Robertson river, a small affluent of the Rapidan, while Kilpatrick s command was north of the stream, and a few miles south of James City. Several miles north of this place, at Griffinsburg, a division of the Third Corps, under Gen eral Prince was encamped. The Confederate army, on October 9th, crossed the Rapidan and advanced by slow marches toward Madison Court House, being posted on the loth, so as easily to outflank the Union right. The cavalry being in the advance, detachments from Hampton s division, crossed the Robertson river on the evening of October Qth, driving in the Union outposts toward James City. General Meade regarded this movement only as a feint to cover the retreat of the Confederate army. Lee s subsequent movements, however, show that he had no purpose to retreat, but was aiming to surprise and defeat the Union army. In carrying out this design, the Con federate cavalry took the initiative, and performed an efficient part. This is well described by the subjoined paragraph from the Comte de Paris History of the Civil War," which, as embracing the disaster to the One ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. 87 Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, makes it accord with the aim and course of our narrative : "At daybreak on the loth, Stuart crossed Robertson s river with the whole of Hampton s division, his right moving forward against Custer, who, being ordered not to open the battle, gradually falls back before it. The main body of the division follows the James City road, which ascends the northern extremity of Thoroughfare Mountain. Kilpatrick awaits the enemy in this position with his Second brigade, which Colonel Davis commands, since the death of Farnsworth. General Prince, who, with a division of the Third Corps, is encamped between Griffinsburg and James City, sends him the One Hundred and Twentieth, New York.* But this reinforce ment of less than 300 men, is not sufficient to enable Kilpatrick to cope with the forces of the Confederates. The Union troopers have dismounted and formed as skirmishers, with the infantry on the slopes of the hill. While Stuart makes Gordon s brigade, also on foot, con front them, he places himself at the head of Young s cavalry, makes a detour and arrives on their flank at a gallop. The soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth are the first exposed to his blows, almost all the regiment falls into his hands. The Union cavalry rapidly retreats to James City, closely pursued by Stuart. Kilpatrick, to retard the pursuit, brings forward his reserves, and a charge of the Fifth New York and Fifth Michigan, succeeds in setting free a large number of prisoners. Despite a new reinforcement brought by Prince, the Federals are overmatched. Pleasanton orders Kilpatrick to cover Prince s retreat, by falling back slowly on the Second and Third Corps, stationed on the west of Culpeper. and orders Custer to join him at James City." * The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment was not sent forward in support of Kilpatrick on the loth of October, as implied in the Comte de Paris statement. It moved from James City on the afternoon of the 8th, as appears from this memo randum in the diary: " October 8th, marched with division at 4 A. M., twelve miles, halting at 10 A. M., near James City. At 3:30 p. M., the regiment was chosen as a cavalry support, and went four miles toward Madison Court House, halting at a school house one mile from Russell s Ford on Robertson s River." It remained here through the gih and till Stuart s attack on the loth. 88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS, Without extending this account, it is enough to say that Lee was baffled in his purpose to force an engage ment upon the Union army, which, re-crossing the Rap- pahannock, was in a position to choose its own time for continuing the conflict. The result of the foregoing action to the One Hundred and Twentieth, was, as before noticed, the cap ture of 1 1 5 men, including Surgeons Miller and Hogan. These two officers were not held in captivity long, but being paroled, they rejoined their regiment December 1 8th, when it lay in winter quarters at Brandy Station, For the others, the only fate that stared them in the face, was the southern prison, with all the indignity, suffering and woe, which that term implied. It is fitting before taking leave of this subject, that some account should be given of the frightful experiences of these unfortunate men in the places of torture, in which for weary months they were confined by their unrelenting captors. An account of this kind has been put forth in a printed paper, by Wilbur L. Hale, a member of the regiment, who himself saw and shared all the horrors he describes. As the story told by him, is a clear, graphic and striking one, needing no additions to com plete the picture, it will be spread out before the reader in its main particulars in the chapter ensuing. If it anticipates a little the general course of the narrative, it will prove at least, no hindrance to the fuller under standing of all matters of interest relating to the fortunes of the regiment. CHAPTER X. WILBUR L. MALE S NARRATIVE OF A Y-EAR S EXPERIENCE IN SOUTHERN PRISONS HOW THE MEN WERE MADE PRISONERS CONVEYED TO RICH MOND TREATMENT BY THE WAY HOW PRISONERS FARED IN LIBBY PRISON AND BELLE ISLAND REMOVED TO ANDERSONVILLE AN ACCOUNT OF THIS HORRIBLE PRISON AND THE SUFFERINGS OF UNION SOLDIERS CONFINED THEREIN. The narrative of Mr. Hale, which forms the subject of the present chapter, treats of his experience and that of his comrades during a year s confinement in the Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville prisons. His account, as written, is contained in two newspaper arti cles, each of considerable length, the first being con cerned with the Libby and Belle Isle prisons, the last with Andersonville. Interesting as are the details in the first article, they cannot be given in full without curtailing the second article, or extending the present transcript to an inordinate length. This is the less necessary, as the account of Andersonville, the most notorious of the southern prisons, embraces all of priva tion and suffering that belonged to the other two. What was endured at Libby and Belle Isle, was endured at Andersonville, and in greater degree. The account of this last, associated as it is in northern minds with unimaginable horrors, will be given entire. The main points of interest in the first article will be presented, so as to give the reader the substance of what the writer would convey, and preserve the connection between the several parts of his narrative. 9O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. The circumstances under which the members of the One Hundred and Twentieth were captured, are set forth in the following opening paragraphs : "It could hardly be expected of a regiment that was so continually at the front, and whose whole term of service was along the danger line taking part in all the battles, skirmishes, marchings, and severer duties of a soldier in which the Army of the Potomac was engaged, should escape losing more or less of its members, as prisoners of war. The regiment fought well at Chancellorsville, holding its line until the line was completely wiped out by the victorious rebels, who turned our left flank, and, except the good runners, rolled us up into a ball just the condition for the capture of prisoners, but were not able to avail themselves of the opportunity, thanks to the brisk shelling they received. "At Gettysburg, where the fight was so hot that we lost more than three-fifths of our strength in about three hours, with the lines so close together that on three occasions, at least, the conflict was a hand- to-hand fight, the charges of the enemy were so quickly and thoroughly broken that the opportunity for capture of prisoners did not occur. " It is possible our previous exemption from capture had banished all thought of that event from our minds, for certain it is the rank and file saw and appreciated the danger, as, formed in line of battle, on the roth of October, 1863, near James City, Va., we endeavored to stop the onward progress of Lee s whole army, imperative orders being given that our position be held, and though we saw clearly the cavalry closing in on both flanks, the regiment held its ground until the order was reluctantly given to fall back. ;t The order was deferred too long, however, and in the disorder consequent upon it, the rebel cavalry rode through our numbers in all directions, with their cries of surrender. Instances of personal bravery and persistent refusal to surrender were very common and marked, but we were overwhelmed by numbers, and under the per suasive argument of from two to half a dozen loaded carbines, most of us thought discretion the better part of valor, and one after another threw down his arms and gave up the fight. "On being brought together in the rear of our victorious enemy, it was made apparent the regiment had suffered severely in regard to ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 9 I prisoners, and before our march to the rear, toward Gordonsville, was commenced, a count showed one hundred and thirteen men, includ ing our hospital steward, surgeons Hogan and Miller. After their capture, the men were taken to Gordons ville, under charge of a detail from the Fifth Virginia cavalry. The march was wearisome and painful, one of its chief hardships, being a deficiency of food. Their own rations were exhausted and their captors were no better furnished, in this respect, than themselves, though ready to share such provisions as they had, with the men placed under their charge. It is pleasant to see soldiers compassionate and kind to enemies in captivity and misfortune, and rendering as far as in their power, friendly offices to adversaries lately arrayed in arms against them, but now in need of aid and cheer. Such a spectacle is presented in this passage of Mr. Male s narrative : "The morning of our capture was to have been the time of our relief from picket duty, and our rations were exhausted, but few of the men having enough in their haversacks to last them through the day. An appeal was made to the guard for breakfast, but the asking was barren of results. Indeed, our captors were themselves on short rations, and told us plainly that their hopes and expectations were a strike on our trains. Our guard were veterans several of them having been prisoners themselves, and whether from their own experience, or the deeper, purer feeling of pity that brave men dare to feel and show, not a blanket, tent, knapsack or any of our furniture was taken, and though their own rations consisted of but little beside parched corn, they offered that freely to those that were without food, and halted at noon as long as they dared, to give us an opportunity to roast some corn we plucked from a field by the wayside. It was rather hard feed for us, but it was all our captors had themselves, and I am sure that through all that long and weary march we saw no meat rations but those in possession of the prisoners. 92 -ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. li We reached Gordonsville about midnight and were turned over to the provost-guard at that place. We here found, as on several occa sions afterward, that the severest, strictest and most cruel guard that prisoners of war could ever have, were not the brave boys that dared to meet us in open fight. They fought hard too hard for us at times but with the battle over, were always kind and generous. Indeed, while in camp or on picket our men often strove to be as near the enemy as possible. The horrid custom of picket firing had ceased by the time our regiment reached the front, and no Johnnie ever appealed to us for bread or Yank asked for the golden weed, without being supplied, though I have known our boys to go on half rations to feed the hungry enemy." No such spectacle as this was seen, or perhaps was possible, in the prisons where our soldiers were confined. In these, the rule was unmitigated severity. The men on guard were under the eye and control, if they did not always share the spirit, of a stern, cruel and inex orable officer in charge. This made pity or mercy for prisoners, or care for their comfort, or the alleviation of their misery, words without meaning. The words were not found in the prison vocabulary, and all that remained for the sufferers was an unvarying repetition of woes that seemed to great for human beings to endure. Packed into filthy cars, the men were carried from Gordonsville to Richmond, where their first prison experience began, as thus related : " This was the celebrated Libby Prison. It was situated between Carey street and the canal, and except in the matter of food, we could have gotten along there very pleasantly. On the following Wednesday, October I4th, however, we were removed to another building. This had been occupied as a tobacco warehouse, and except for the fact that we had a shelter over us and a dry floor to sleep on, was the worst accommodations we had in the Confederacy. No water, or but very little, was furnished ; the water closet arrangements were so ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 93 deficient, that portions, at least, -of our room were covered with excrement and filth that reeked and smelled until men grew ill from the fearful stench, and without knowing where we were to be taken, men never removed their quarters more cheerfully than did we, when on November i6th, we were transferred to the Pemberton building, opposite, or nearly opposite, our original quarters in Libby. "This building certainly was a wonderful improvement over any quarters in which we had been confined in Richmond. Water and other accommodations were good, and to our great joy, we discovered in cutting through a brick wall that separated us from an adjoining building a large supply of tobacco stems and a number of sheets ot tin. The most of us understood at once the value of tobacco, but it remained for John R. Jones, a member of company I, and a tinker, to see any particular value, or anything to be desired in the plates ot tin. He did see it, however, and appropriated it all to his benefit. He was very kind, however, and made pails for us that held about three quarts, that he sold as fast as he could make for five dollars each, Confederate money. The price was wonderfully large in appearance. It was only in appearance, however, for with that money 20 to i for United States greenbacks, the price in our money to those that had it, was but 25 cents, which was certainly cheap, and as Jones put it, could not be afforded only that I stole all the material, and do the work to keep out of mischief/ "While in this building, our regular rations, when they were any thing like regular, were one-half pound of corn bread a day, beef occasionally, rice more frequently, though not often, and occasionally something that those professing to know, called mule or horse, and that was certainly dark and coarse and tough, was added. What added to our certainty that it was one or the other was, we were more likely to get it after a fight at the front. " The bread served us was of corn, ground cob and all, never sifted nor salted, but mixed with water and baked. The beans and rice, the former especially, being wormy, were very bad, and were prepared for the prisoners in a wretched manner, being boiled or partly boiled in 4o-gallon kettles, that being half full, were filled with cold water, which was dipped off and served to us as soup. It certainly was economical, as a kettle half full was, by the addition of a sufficient quantity of water, made to do duty as soup for a thousand men. 94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. These supplies bordering on starvation, were largely owing, the writer thinks, to the Confederate Commis sariat, and to the enormous price at which provisions and all necessaries of life were selling at Richmand, their money value rising higher every month. He quotes from a Richmond paper the following market report for December 29th, 1863 : Flour, $110 to $220 per barrel. Beans, $28 per bushel. Wheat, $20 per bushel. Apples, $60 to $70 per barrel. Nails, $110 to $130 per keg. Corn, $12 per bushel, very scarce. Peas, $25 per bushel, very scarce. Whisky, $85 per gallon. Rum, $80 per gallon. Brandy, $55 to $58 per gallon. This, too, when the papers of the city, no doubt taking the cue from the government, possibly doing it by rebel orders, were filled with boastings of the strength of the Confederacy and their ability to continue the war indefinitely. A supply of rations from the North for the Union prisoners arrived in Richmond about the middle of November. They were distributed among the proper recipients, and for the six weeks that the provisions lasted, they ministered greatly to the comfort and refresh ment of the men whose bodily vigor was giving way under scanty and unwholesome diet. Amid all their privations, they did not lose sight of their religious obligations, nor the need of Heavenly succor in their trials, nor the soothing and strengthening influence of the meeting for praise and prayer, and this is told in the following words : ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 9 5 " So the days passed on. They were frightfully long, and every means conceivable were brought into requisition to employ our minds and bodies. Immediately on our confinement some of ihe One Hun dred and Twentieth, that were accustomed to hold prayer meetings in the regiment, re-opened them. The first attendance was but a half dozen, but the interest grew until hundreds attended nightly. It was a strange thought and a stranger sight, that in that building, amid the jest and scoff of some of our comrades, and often of all the dis turbance the guard could raise, that men would thus meet for prayer and praise. That it was good, the writer knows full well, for amid our surroundings many whose thoughts for possibly the first time since they left home, were led in that direction, came to the Great burden bearer, and afterward in their lives showed the change, and many of them died strong in the new found hope and precious peace." On January 2ist, 1864, their then place of confine ment was vacated and the prisoners transferred to Belle Isle. How the men were tempted to forswear their allegiance, and find freedom, employment and good sup port by joining the Confederacy, and how the overture was rejected, the following paragraph will show : " Here again rebel officers came with offers of quarters, food and clothing to those who would take the oath of allegiance and accept employment in the Tredagar Iron Works, and other places. But few, very, very few accepted ; still, it was a fearful temptation to many. The picture was made as complete as words could paint it. Our government had forsaken us. They would never consent to a parole for fear the rebels would not observe it, (had I been a rebel I never would have used that argument,) and knowing one mail on the defensive was as good as two or more in an aggressive fight, they our government had concluded to let us die. We were openly told of the opportunities we would have to desert them and escape North, but no, they stood and swore allegiance to the stars and stripes while stand they could, and then bravely, calmly, nobly laid down to die, and die they did rather than stain their souls with treason, and their lips with such a lie, and among the things longest to be remem- 96 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. bered were the last words of some dying comrade, as feeling the icy fingers of death groping for their heart strings they would draw a comrade s ear down to their fast stiffening lips and whisper, tell father, mother, wife, children and friends, I did not desert/ Those deaths were glorious. " The removal to Belle Isle did not add to the comfort of the imprisoned, as appears from the following extract : " Rations were smaller, if possible, on the island than in the city, .and without clothing or tents and an exceptionally hard winter, and a necessity for greater exercise to keep warm, men suffered very much. Many walked the whole night through, and overcome by fatigue and weakness, some lay down and froze. At any rate they died, and were found next morning stiff in death. At one time some of our guard were accompanied by dogs, but after several had been coaxed over the line and killed and eaten, the practice was discon tinued." This prison life on the Isle, ended March 4th, on which day they were taken back to Richmond and hopes of parole were held out to the men languishing for release from their fearful captivity. These hopes were destined soon to be destroyed. For entering cars the next day, the prisoners were carried to Petersburg, where some fancied the paroling process might be per formed in their favor. Instead of this, they soon learned to their horror, that their destination was Andersonville, toward which the train was now making its way. This was appalling information to the unfortunate captives, several of whom in their distress and in the face of all hazards, flung themselves from the train hoping to escape, but were shot down by the vigilant guards who lined the tops of the cars. The train on reaching ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 97 Charlotte, North Carolina, stopped a short time for sup plies, and the wearied prisoners were allowed to leave the cars for sorely needed rest and refreshment. When the journey was resumed, several of their comrades, too ill to go farther, were left behind, to find such kindness as the people of the country might show them. At length, after eight days travel, on the i2th of March, they reached the end of their journey, and the grim palisades of the Andersonville prison rose before them, within which they were to dwell, how long, no one could say, and quite likely to find unless all accounts were false a release only through the grave. THE STORY OF ANDERSONVILLE. If there is in all the world, certainly to those who suffered there as prisoners of war, any single name or word that stands as a synonym for inhumanity, brutality and suffering, that word is Andersonville. Wirz might be coupled with it by the people of the North, but to those who suffered, Andersonville includes all, as without the one there could never have been the other. Andersonville is a small village, credited by the census of 1880 with a population of 308, in Sumter County, on the line of the Cen tral Railroad, about 75 miles southwest of Macon, and about 50 miles from the Alabama line. It was so far in the interior as to be out of reach of any raiding parties of Union men, though we did think sometimes that a small, well" mounted and well armed force of cavalry might have reached us from the south. They never came, how ever. It is possible they never could have reached us, or, having reached us, and encumbered with such a load as we would have made, could never have escaped the force that would certainly have been sent after them. In many respects the place might have been made a great improve ment over Richmond and Belle Isle. The place selected for us was on the bank of a considerable stream, and heavily wooded. 7 98 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. These advantages, however, were all nullified by the rebels, who cut down every tree on the ground to build a stockade. This was done by cutting the trees into lengths of about twenty-five feet, hewing two sides to make a close fit, and standing them closely together in a trench about five feet deep. This made a tight fence of about twenty feet in height around an enclosure of from eight to ten acres. There were two entrances on the north side of the prison, one on each side of a stream that ran through it, dividing it nearly in halves, with the larger half on the east side of the stream. The gates were massive enough, in appearance to us at least, to have withstood a battery of six-pounders, and as we neared them a comrade said : "Whoever enters here leaves hope behind." I told him we had lived in Rich mond five months without hope, except in God, and this could be no worse. During the greater portion of the time in Richmond, I had acted as sergeant of the floor, the duty being to distribute rations as they were issued to us, receiving therefor an extra ration a day, when there was any issued. The same good fortune followed me in Anderson- ville, where I was chosen as sergeant of a squad of three hundred, with the same pay. It seemed as we walked into the stockade that it was an improve ment on Belle Island. In addition to poor rations there we suffered from neglect, prisoners being turned out of buildings in the city in the midst of winter with insufficient clothing, and without tents to shelter them from the wind and cold of the dreary desert of that place. Andersonville was warmer. It was also new, the ground being not yet filled with the filth and death of the Island. As summer heat came on, however, we wished ourselves north again. No pro tection of any kind was provided from the sun. Men grew sick and died from contact with the almost torrid glare. At first we crouched along the stockade as a means of protection, but that was stopped by a line erected a rod inside the stockade, to pass beyond which was sure and certain death. At first we were well supplied with pure water for drinking purposes and to cook our scanty dole of corn or rice and beans, but later on a cook-house was established on the up stream side of the stockade, and next above that a camp was estab lished for our guard. The establishment of cook-house and bakery was a benefit, as wood was decidedly scarce, as were also cooking utensils, but while the building subserved that interest for us the filth ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 99 from the cook-house and the sinks of the guard above us, added to that of the horses of the cavalry and battery, that all floated down the stream, made it so foul it could no longer be used for drinking purposes or bathing. Providence was kinder to us then than were our captors or Wirz, for during a heavy shower about that time a new and living spring of clear water burst forth from the hillside in the stockade, that continued to run during all the time of our confine ment there, and, I am assured by a friend who visited the place a few years ago, that though the timbers had fallen away in many places, that spring, with its pure and limpid water, continued to flow. As the stockade filled up, however, other sources of supply were found necessary, and as wells were dug some of them being dry, the idea of a tunnel out of our prison was suggested. Many of them were dug. The men would get as near the stockade as possible, taking care to shield themselves from the eye of the guard, who, placed on a runway two or three feet below the top and outside the stockade, kept their eyes upon us, and between their cry of "Post number one," two, or twenty, as the case might be, "all is well," would carry out their haversacks full of sand and dump it in the swift-flowing run or stream below us. In this way the shafts were sunk twenty feet deep or more, when taking a course parallel with the surface the tunnel would be run one, two or three hundred feet beyond the stockade. Unfortunately much of this work was done a short time before the rain that opened our spring, occurred, and still more unfortunately one or two of the tunnels, on the south side were dug so shallow that as the rain made its way into the soil the support of the piles gave way, and sections of them fell. The full guard was called out, and the battery with grape and canister was trained on us, and our courage gave way. Tunneling was tried later on, but Wirz, had taken the hint, and by means of spies that were sent in with detachments of prisoners, our plans in that direction were all discovered and foiled. One of the spies came to grief, however, for being himself discovered, he was pressed so hard he ran beyond the dead line, and was instantly killed by a bullet from the guard. Here, as in Richmond, rebel agents, ministers, or professed ministers, included, were sent or came into the prison to persuade men to take the oath of allegiance to the rebel government. Good pay and work was promised at places so remote from any probable I OO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. line of march the Union army might take, we would never be seen or captured by them. I myself was offered a position as superintendent of a mill, for I was a miller, and was promised all the colored men needed to do the laborious part of the work, if I would go out and grind grain for the guard. I agreed to go if the product of the mill could go into the stockades and hospital, but that being declined I refused, though threatened with solitary confinement. In many respects Andersonville was much worse than either Libby Prison or Belle Island. To be sure it was not so cold as farther north, but with no protection from the elements, every change of the weather resulted in a higher death rate. If hot or cold or wet, the result was all the same and meant more death for us. There was never more than 30,000 prisoners there at any one time, tho first and last nearly or quite double that number were sent to that horrible place, and until June ist, the number did not exced 15,000, still from March ist to October ist, the number of dead men reached the enormous figure of 36,912. Mark the number. It is more than the population at any one time, and yet I assert it did not tell the whole story, for being in a position to know the number of prisoners at times, and also to know the number of daily dead, I figured out that a like proportion of deaths would carry off the last man in the stock ade in 165 days just five and one-half months. The above number, 36,912, however, is rebel record, and they lied to make their record seem less heinous. Indeed, the policy of some of the officers at least was to kill or permit the prisoners to die. In the early spring I found Richard Johnston, a member of my company and an old acquaintance from the town of my residence, suffering severely from diarrhoea. I applied to Dr. McVeigh, of Salem, Va., for permission to go outside and get pine boughs to make a bed and raise him from the ground. His cool deliberate reply was: "Damn the Yankees, let them die ! Each one that dies is one less without any risk for us to kill him." I held the position of master of the gangrene ward, in the prison. As is known, this is a mortification of the part affected, resulting from poverty of the blood and system, and under the very best of circum stances where food and anti-scorbutics are plenty and of the best and most nourishing character, is a very stubborn disease, if such it may be called, while in such a place as that, where strength and vigor ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I O I was as completely gone as was ours, its appearance was the sure pre cursor of speedy death. Dr. McVeigh used to say it was an excellent place to learn sur gery, and would cut and haggle at the limbs of the poor wretches, though he knew the conditions of their system was such, that in thirty-six hours at the farthest, gangrene would almost certainly be at its fearful work, and with their greatly enfeebled strength the patients were sure candidates for the trench, where in rows of fifty, the dead were laid. For a very large proportion of the spring and all summer, the accommodations at the hospital were wofully deficient in tents and number of beds, hearing of which and thinking their chances of care among their own comrades of company or regiment was better than with entire strangers, many of the sick preferred the stockade and were not brought out to the hospital, until the very last stages. On that account and also because all illnesses at Andersonville seemed to impair the mind and memory of the diseased, a very large proportion of those received were unable to give their names. Add to this cause the fact that labels containing name, rank and regiment were only pinned on the clothing of the dead, and that other fact that many of the dead were carried naked to burial, and the only wonder is the list of unknown dead is no larger than it is. It is shocking to think of men carried naked to their graves. It was not so at first, for one and another comrade would give this, that or the other portion of clothing to cover the naked ones, until some of our own men, detailed to bury the dead, sent surreptitious word into the hospital that men decently clothed were stripped by the rebels, and to prevent this as well as protect ourselves, all good clothing was taken from the dead to cover the living. Indeed, but for that fact, we would have been an army of nude men. It is no wonder that with death staring continually in our face, the temptation to lawlessness and disorder should not at times at least be yielded to. It was to an extent, in Richmond, though nothing in comparison to that at Andersonville, where robbery and murder even became so frequent that in self defence a prisoner called Big Pete, a corporal of Company G, Second Massachusetts, H. A., took the case in hand, and, organizing a police force, made the arrest of one called^ Mosby by our men, from being chief raider, and several of his men. With the consent of Captain Wirz, a jury was impanneled, and a IO2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. prosecuting attorney appointed from the prisoners, with a rebel law yer for defence. The men were fairly tried, six of them found guilty and hanged. The records of the trial were preserved and brought to Washington, where the findings of the court were preserved and to day are on file in the War Department, as part of their records. This action gave us peace from that quarter, though in no other manner did it at all affect our interests or add at all to our comfort. It stopped the raiding of lawless men in our midst, but had no effect whatever on the continual raid made on our health and strength by the terrible heat, ruthless hunger, and unnecessary privation. The talk of exchange or parole broke out again in July or Aug ust. It was started from Wirz headquarters, and had a short run when, as if to purposely deaden our hopes and fill us with despair again, a detail of carpenters was called for from the prisoners, and the work of erecting barracks in the stockade was commenced and continued until about four buildings of about 20x50 feet had been erected, when the work was as suddenly stopped. The work was commenced with the ostensible purpose of contributing to our com fort during the coming fall and winter. Our idea was, the rebels were becoming alarmed at the approach of the Union army through Ten nessee and into Georgia, for almost simultaneously with the cessation of work on the buildings inside the stockade, carpenters and laborers were withdrawn from the prison and sent north. It took us a long time to discover their destination, but it was subsequently revealed that Florence, S. C, was their objective point. That was a small village in Darlington county, about 75 miles east of Columbia, at the junction of the North Eastern Railroad, running north from Charles ton, distant about 125 miles, and about the same distance west of Wilmington, N. C. I never reached that place, but was told what could have been expected, that being farther from food supplies, the condition of the prisoners was, if possible, rather worse than Andersonville. The stockade was not completed when the prisoners reached that point, and in consequence guard rule was more rigid and severe, and rations less. I was in hopes the move meant something better, for me, at least, though what it was, or the direction from which the hoped-for relief would come, was altogether an unknown equation until about Sep tember 2Oth, when, tired and weary from a long vigil at the bedside ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS, 1 03 of a member of Company I, my own company, who I thought could not live through the night, I had lain down under a piece of cotton cloth, confiscated from the Confederacy, and which I afterward brought home, my sleep was disturbed by a comrade trying to pull me out into the moonlight. We were never surprised at anything, in those days. I quietly opened my eyes and saw Richard L. Tinker, one of my nurses, who, warning me to make no noise, told me to come out into the bright moonlight. He then said Wirz had sent for him in the early evening and told him to notify and enroll all sailors, preparatory to being sent north to Charleston for parole, and thinking of a comrade that had succumbed to the cruel treatment of his captors he had entered me on the roll as Frederick A. James, car penter s mate of the gunboat Housatonic, though before he told me that, he made me swear never to reveal the source from which I had received the name, in case I could not pull through on that line. I, of course, was willing to give any pledge in return for the prospect of getting away from the city of death, in which I had been confined since March previous ; and until the dawning of the morning he kindly sat with me and posted me on points that might be necessary for me to know. I was weak in body and enfeebled in mind, but the waiting lasted through a long and dreary week until September 27th, when Wirz directed Tinker to get his men together and report at his headquar ters. I was placed in the rear rank so Wirz would not notice me. He spied me out, however, and threatened to send all soldiers back to the stockade. He, however, was as anxious to get rid of us as were we to leave his inhospitable board, and telling us to speak good words for him, we were all led to the depot, in waiting for a train for Charleston. There had been but little confidence placed in Wirz word, still the excitement was so great among those whose names were enrolled, we hardly grew hungry or ate, though carefully drawing all the rations doled out. It was well they were kept, as none were issued to us when we left or until night when Macon was reached, where one day s rations and an all night rest was given. The next morning we started again and reached Augusta, where another rest, but no rations was given, and early next morning we arrived in Charleston. The transports with prisoners had not reached the harbor, and the city was being shelled for fair. A large shell passing over the city drop- I O4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ped on an engine, with steam up and just ready to pull out, that exploding just at the proper moment and in conjunction with a full head of steam blew engine, engineer and fireman into a hundred fragments, and killed, wounded and scalded several in the depot. The officer in charge of our train was frightened and with or without orders he directed the engineer of our train to pull out and head for Richmond. The next day, September 30, we reached Columbia, S. C. Here we were given a long rest and two days rations. We were permitted to leave the train and wander for a short distance into the city. I thought it was one of the finest places I ever saw. The place was old, the streets well cared for, and shade abundant. It looked as though the scourge of war had visited it very slightly, if at all, and showed none of the devastation and misery a visit made later, revealed. With two days rations we were again started northward, arriving at Greenboro, N. C., next day, October i. From that point north east to Petersburg, the railroad had been torn up by Grant s army, and we were switched off on a new line toward Danville, Va. The distance was but 48 miles, but it required a whole day of twenty-four hours to make the distance slower railroad time than we had pre viously required on a pinch for the same distance on foot, when in good marching order. It was reached at last, however, and better time was promised to Richmond. It was better, still we did not arrive there until the 4th, having traveled since September 30, on two- days rations, or from September 27, on three. That we were hungry and faint, goes without the saying. Indeed, a few, seven, I believe, died on the train from Andersonville, literally starved to death. Life in Richmond was hard, though better than on the road, and for two weeks we lived a life of fear and anxiety. Ross, the infamous adjutant of General Winder, was still in charge of the prisoners in and about the city, and he took special pains every day to tell us of the waning hopes and efforts of Grant s army, and the great victories daily won by the Confederates, and to those he recognized, and unfor tunately I was one, he daily swore that we should be sent south by the very next train. Our stay there was caused by a hitch in the delivery, as we undoubtedly should have been delivered to the Federal authori ties at Charleston. Of all men I knew in the South, I think Ross would rather lie ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. IO5 for nothing than tell the truth for good wages. He never admitted we were intended for parole, and even up to the evening of the day before we left Libby, he insisted we were to be returned south. On the 1 8th, however, we were ordered out in the early morning. At first our direction was toward the depot, but we soon filed off down another street toward a steamer plying down the river, and were soon on our way down the James. Colonel Mulford had not been advised of our coming, and a long delay of hours occurred at Aiken s Land ing. Colonel Mulford came at last, however, at breakneck speed, down to the landing, and hurriedly receipting for us, we were marched ashore, and our year and ten days of imprisonment was ended. CHAPTER XI. THE WILDERNESS ARMY CROSSES THE RAPIDAN CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY TRAVERSED SWINGING ROUND LEE s RIGHT FIERCE ATTACKS ON THE UNION FLANK TWO DAY S CONFLICT IN THE WILDERNESS A CONFEDERATE GENERAL^ ACCOUNT OF THE STRUGGLE DEATHS OF GENERALS HAYES AND WADSWORTH THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWEN TIETH S SHARE IN THE BATTLE ITS LOSSES BURNING WOODS PREY UPON THE WOUNDED. From the loth of October, on which the capture by the enemy of the men of the One Hundred and Twen tieth took place, till the following Spring, no events of extraordinary importance occurred in the experience of the regiment, nor indeed, in the history of the army. There was considerable movement and manceuvering on the part of the two armies, and some engagements between the opposing cavalry forces, but no severe bat tle. An assault on Lee s forces, intrenched in a favora ble position behind Mine Run, on the last day of November, was intended, and indeed, ordered by Gen eral Meade. But the Confederate position was so strong and formidable, that Warren, in command of one wing, declined to give the order he had received to attack. When Meade had come over to survey the enemy s position at Warren s request, he agreed with the latter s view, that an attack should not be made, and it was abandoned accordingly, much to the relief of the soldiers, who had stood in line for several hours in readiness to go forward, with an ordeal like that at Fredricksburg, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. before them.* A day or two before, however, on the 27th of November, a brisk attack had been made on the Third division of the Third Corps, which, in the advance, was moving forward towards the enemy s position. In this engagement, which lasted but a short time, the One Hundred and Twentieth took part, losing 1 1 men, three of the number being killed. The enemy was repulsed ; the division resumed its march and united with the main army before Mine Run. The army then fell back toward the Rapidan, which it crossed December ist, and on the 2d, reached its old quarters around Brandy Station. Winter quarters were now established, and all active operations ceased for some months to come. When the spring opened, preparations for the approaching campaign, whose purpose was a stroke at * That the Union soldiers in line before the enemy s entrenched position at Mine Run, waiting the order to attack, had Marye s Heights before them, with no chance of success, and death likely in store for the assailants, appears from the following reference to this proposed attack taken from the Comte de Paris History of the War : "Almost all have witnessed Fredericksburgh and Gettysburg ; they know by a double experience that a bloody defeat is reserved to the one of the two armies which takes the offensive It is said that most of them on the morning of the 3oth, took care to pin to their coats pieces of paper bearing their names. They wished that their names might be placed over the fresh earth which was to cover them in their everlasting sleep. No hope of glory was occupying their minds at that supreme hour, but they were anxious to secure on that distant soil the modest epitaph which allows the soldier s family to distin guish his remains, instead of having to kneel at the grave of the un known. It was in this manner it is related, that they silently showed the conviction, that they were going to be asked for a useless sacri fice. If it is only a legend for legends are sometimes easily made it is worth being quoted, for it perfectly describes the character of the Army of the Potomac." Vol. Ill, p. 810. IO8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. the heart of the Confederacy, were pressed forward vig orously. By the ist of May, all was in readiness for the expected advance. Orders were accordingly issued on the 2d of May, 1864, for the movement of the sev eral corps to begin on the 4th of May, preceded by the cavalry, under Sheridan, which began its march at mid night of the 3d, crossing the Rapidan in advance of the infantry. Five bridges had been thrown over the stream at Germanna Ford, Culpeper Mine Ford and Ely s Ford. The Second Corps crossed at Ely s Ford ; the Fifth and Sixth at Germanna Ford, the former moving forward to Chancellorsville, and the latter to Wilderness Tavern. The Fifth Corps reached its des ignated halting-place by two o clock, having marched twenty miles, the Second Corps having arrived at Chan cellorsville at an earlier hour. General Grant regarded the safe crossing of his army, with its immense trains, and his first day s march into the Wilderness, as a very propitious opening of the campaign. " And he might well feel gratified at the result," remarks General Humph reys, " for it was a good day s work, in such a country, for so large an army, with its artillery and fighting trains, to march twenty miles, crossing a river on five bridges of its own building, without a single mishap, interruption or delay." The reference to "such a country," means no doubt, " the Wilderness," through which the route of the army lay, and in which the first battles in this memorable campaign were fought. This is one of the names which the war has made famous, and linked to this " Wilder ness," are poignant memories of toils and sufferings, that words are feeble to express, on the part of those who ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. struggled through it, encountering foemen at every step. The tract known by this name, stretches south of the Rapidan fifteen or twenty miles in extent is covered with a dense forest growth of scrub oak, dwarf pines and other varieties of wood " almost impenetrable by troops in line of battle, where manceuvering was an operation of extreme difficulty and uncertainty. The undergrowth was so heavy that it was scarely possible to see more than one hundred paces in any direction. The movements of the enemy could not be observed until the lines were almost in collision. Only the roar of musketry disclosed the position of the combatants to those who were at any distance, and my knowledge of what was transpiring on the field, except in my imme diate presence, was limited, and was necessarily derived from the reports of subordinate commanders."* Into these dreary and tangled thickets Grant flung his brave battalions, with the view of swinging past the right of Lee s army, which lay in front of it at no great distance, watching its enemy s operations and ready to pounce upon him at the first opportunity. The attempt of Grant to pass the Confederate army and interpose between it and Richmond, was sure to be fiercely resisted. Lee s plan was to strike the flank of the Union army with his whole force as soon as practicable, after the former had crossed the Rapidan and entered on its march southward. From Orange Court House, where Lee s headquarters were, two roads lead toward Fred- ericksburg. They run in the direction of the Rapidan, nearly parallel to each other, the one nearest the river being the " Old turnpike," the other, the " Plank road," a * General Hancock. I I O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y. S. VOLS. short distance south of it. The route of the Union army lay directly across these roads along the western bor ders of the wilderness. Ewell s Corps began to move about noon, on May 4th, along the Orange turnpike, while A. P. Hill, with two divisions, moved along the Plank road, parallel with Ewell, General Longstret being directed to bring forward his corps from Gordons- ville and follow rapidly on the same road. Ewell first struck the Union column while it was crossing the Orange turnpike, and the battle of the Wilderness opened with this attack. I do not undertake to describe this battle in detail, but design, as in other cases, to present certain outlines necessary to connect the work of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, with the operations of the army of which it formed a part. The details of this and of other great battles of the war, are given in the histories specially devoted to them, and the plan of this narrative, as well as the limits assigned to it, precludes full and extended accounts of battle-fields. I hope to make the general features of these sanguinary encounters clear to the reader and aim at doing little beyond this in the descriptions given. During the 5th and 6th of May, the battle now begun, raged with varying success. The difficulties of this war fare in the woods, were immensely trying, and at times, bewildering. Hill s troops, on the Plank road, soon struck their foes, as Ewell s had done on the Orange turnpike, and impetuous and fierce as their attack was, the resistance they met with, was as resolute and unyielding. The troops that were crossing the turnpike when Ewell assaulted them, belonged to Warren s Fifth ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I I Corps, and these bore the brunt of the attack. They were joined later in the day by those of Sedgwick s Sixth Corps, who together maintained, till night put an end to the conflict, the ground they held against the most desperate efforts of the enemy. On the morning of the next day, the battle was resumed, Longstreet, having by a night march, come up to the support of Hill, and putting his veteran troops at once into the hot test of the fight. Thus, the whole of Lee s army was engaged in the struggle to arrest the advance of the Union army and drive it back bafflled toward the Rapi- dan. Hancock, also, had joined his corps with those of Warren and Sedgwick, so that in these two terrible days of conflict in the Wilderness, the main forces of both armies were arrayed against each other. The character of this strange battle and the scenes which it presented, are well set forth in these words of one of the Confederate leaders who was present : " It was a desperate struggle between the infantry of the two armies, on a field, whose physical aspects were as grim and forbidding as the struggle itself. It was a battle of brigades and regiments, rather than that of corps and divisions. Officers could not see the whole length of their commands, and could only tell whether the troops on their right and left were driving or being driven, by the sound of the firing. It was a fight at close quarters too, for as night came on in those tangled thickets of stunted pine, sweet-gum, scrub oak and cedar, the approach of the opposing lines could only be discerned by the noise of their passage through the underbrush, or the flashing of their guns. The usually silent wilderness had suddenly become alive. The angry flashing of the musketry and its heavy roar, mingled with the yells of the combatants as they swayed to and fro in the gloomy thickets, realized to the full the poetic battle picture of Beale an Duine, " As all the fiends from heaven that fell Had pealed the banner cry of hell." I I 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. " Death was busy and reaped more laurels than either Lee or Grant. General Alexander Hays, of Hancock s Corps, was killed."* General Hays commanded the Second brigade of Birney s division, and was an officer of distinguished gallantry, whose loss was a serious one to the army. He fell on the first day of the battle. On the second day, the 6th, General James S. Wadsworth, received a mortal wound of which he died within two days. He commanded a division in the old First Corps, and ren dered conspicuous service at Chancellorsville and Get tysburg. In the army re-organization, his command was the Fourth division of the Fifth Corps. He was one of the most heroic figures of the war, brave as the bravest, and present where danger most threatened and the fight was the hottest. His patriotism was devoted, and in his love for the Union cause, he gladly made all sacrifices of wealth, ease, social position, and the supreme one of life itself, his death in the service of his country, enshrining his name among those who loved her most and served her best. Among the losses of the battle, Generals Shaler and Seymour, with a considerable num ber of their commands, were captured near the close of the second day, in an unexpected and successful attack made upon the right flank of the Sixth Corps. The whole loss sustained by the Army of the Potomac in these two days of battle in the Wilderness, amounted, according to General Humphreys, to 2,265 killed, 10,220 wounded and 2,902 missing. Total, 15,387. These figures show the severe and fearful character of this battle, and in the extent of its casualties, rank it * General E. M. Law, in June CENTURY, 1887. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I 3 among the most destructive, though not to us, disastrous battles of the war. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, whose history in connection with this battle must now be sur veyed, bore a direct and honorable part in the severe conflicts of these two days. The regiment crossed the Rapidan at early morning on May 4th, and marched with its brigade to Chancellorsville, encamping for the night on the old battle-field, where, a year before, the Union and Confederate hosts had met and struggled for the mastery. The men had painful reminders of the havoc wrought by the battle, in seeing the bones of their fallen comrades scattered over the field, some of them protruding from the shallow graves in which they had been hastily interred. They saw a number of weather-beaten caps lying around, on several of which was inscribed, " One Hundred and Twentieth N. Y. V.," indicating that the wearers had belonged to their own regiment and had probably died near that spot, defending the flag. These relics showed the kind of welcome given by the Southern soldiers to their Union visitors the former year, and reminded the latter that a similar welcome might be in store for themselves, within a few hours. However this might be, they were ready for the greet ing, and at early dawn on the morning of the 5th, their march southward was resumed and continued till 3 p. M. Then they halted along the Brock road, which runs through the wilderness, and separated by several hun dred yards from Hill s force, then engaged, as already noticed, on the Plank road. Here the regiment threw up breastworks, which served as partial protection against sudden assault, or the enemy s missiles, and were 8 114 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. a means of defense constantly resorted to by the troops. This work was barely finished when the hour arrived for the regiment to take part in the action in progress. What that part was, will appear from an extract from the diary : " We were ordered to advance over our breastworks and to move forward through the woods and thick brush, in line of battle. . We went forward in this way, toiling and crashing through the bushes for perhaps six hundred yards, where we halted near a small stream. An officer in United States uniform came riding toward us from the front saying that we were supporting a line of our own troops just ahead, and that our guns should not be loaded. Thus we were moving for ward through the woods without a skirmish line in front, and with unloaded weapons, when suddenly a murderous fire of musketry was poured into the ranks by an unseen foe. We at once commenced loading and firing, some of us taking our position behind the large trees, a few of which were near, or lying on the ground, so that many of the enemy s bullets would pass over our heads. In this position we could do just as effective work as standing up. Our line soon seemed to be enveloped in fire and smoke. The air was filled with minie-balls which were tearing among bushes and trees, riddling them as they flew, and striking down men who fell dead or wounded on every side. There Sergeant James Krom was shot through the body and fell dead. The bullets soon began to come from our left. Our line was broken, and we fell back toward our breastworks ; con testing the ground all the way. We rallied, and formed a line behind the works, and from this position easily checked the enemy s advance. In this engagement, Lieutenant John J. Lockwood was killed. At about dark we were relieved from the front line, and moved back to our defenses. Our first day s battle under Grant had been fought. At an early hour next morning we were again placed in the front line, and during the forenoon advanced over the same ground as yesterday. The battle had been raging along different portions of the line at our right, since early morning, the woods resounding with the crash of musketry, and the cheers and yells of the Union and Con federate forces. The Union dead lay thick on the ground over which we advanced. Shortly after we crossed the small stream, suddenly ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I 5 there was a loud crash in our front, and the woods were again filled with the messengers of death. Captain Krom was among the first to fall, severely wounded. Our line was soon broken by the terrible fire, and we again fell back in about the same manner as the day before, and formed behind the breastworks, and again checked the enemy s advance. During the two engagements, the regiment lost in killed, wounded and missing, 61 men, about one fifth of the entire number present on the morning of May 5th. Company I entered the battle with 18 men, and had but six left for duty, after this engage ment." According to this account, the number of the regi ment could not much have exceeded 300 men when it crossed the Rapidan on its march southward. Though their ranks had grown thinner, their hearts had become stouter and their sinews more firmly strung, through experience of the every day labors exacted of soldiers in the field. The narrative above given shows the character of the warfare in which they were now acting an uncomplaining part, and among perils and hardships falling to the soldiers lot, none could well be greater than those encountered in the battles in the wilderness. Among these, not mentioned in the foregoing extract, though the writer speaks of it in his record, is the firing of the woods by cannon or musketry during the battle, and the wounded perishing in the flames, their com rades often unable to reach and rescue them. Many helpless wounded died horribly in this way in the wil derness, as they did also at Chancellorsville. In his his tory of this latter battle, General Doubleday says : 1 The woods on each side of the plank road had been set on fire by the artillery, and the wounded and dying were burning in the flames without a possibility of res cuing them. Let us draw a veil over this scene, for it I I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. is pitiful to dwell upon it." We echo these words of the gallant Doubleday, and would fain shut out from view those tortures of comrades, slowly perishing beyond reach of aid, in circumstances so appalling. But imagi nation will pierce the veil and picture scenes behind it, too dreadful for speech adequately to describe. And as we add this phase of suffering to others endured by the brave, self-denying men, who dared all hazards and bore all burdens to win triumph for their country, the debt which that country saved by such sacrifices, owes to them, swells into a magnitude that is hardly rep resented by the warmest words of appreciation that we can utter! CHAPTER XII. ADVANCE TO SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT HOUSE DEATH OF GENERAL SEDGWICK SEVERE ENGAGEMENTS ON THE IOTH MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH HANCOCK S BRILLIANT ATTACK ON THE ENEMY S ENTRENCHMENTS ON THE I2TH GENERAL JOHNSON AND HIS DIVISION CAPTURED DESPERATE FIGHTING WITHIN THE SALIENT ACCOUNT BY A CONFEDERATE OFFICER A UNION OFFICER S ACCOUNT RESULT OF THE CONFLICT. The battle of the Wilderness, closed without the advantages to the Confederates, that Lee had hoped to secure. His object in attacking on the 5th was, to strike the head of Grant s column as it crossed the Plank road, so crushing- a blow as to force the army back on its tracks, and over the Rapidan, thus repeat ing the story of Chancellorsville. He failed in his design. He found the army opposed to him, led by a General constituted of sterner stuff" than to be turned aside from the object he meant to pursue, by obstacles that courage, energy and perseverance, were able to surmount. That commander, who had the full est confidence of his army, was bent on reaching Rich mond, and intended, in his own famous words, " to fight it out on that line, if it took all summer." Accord ingly, he resumed his southward march, as soon almost as the smoke of the recent battle had cleared away. The three days following the battle, were uneventful, the several corps of the Union Army moving in the direction of Spottsylvania Court House, where the forces of the enemy were concentrating, to oppose with I I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. all resources at their command, the Union advance. The two enemies moved on paralled lines with only a short interval between them, the possession of Spott- sylvania being the objective of both. The strategic advantages of the position made both desirous to secure it, and each put forth strenuous efforts to arrive first and gain the desired vantage-ground. The Confederates succeded in the race. Longstreet s Corps after march ing all night reached Spottsylvania at eight o clock on the morning of the 8th, and though some Union troops, chiefly cavalry, in advance of the main column of War ren, were found at the Court House when the enemy arrived, they prudently retired, and left the ground to the large opposing force. Longstreet s Corps now commanded by R. H. Ander son, was soon joined by Ewell s, as Warren s Fifth Corps which had the advance, was joined by the Sixth, under Sedgvvick. The several positions they held were as usual, intrenched, a battle on this ground being im minent in prospect, and in fact, unavoidable. No engagement took place on the gth, the day being occu pied with the work of intrenching, and various prepar ations for the expected encounter. Though not much fighting took place on the 9th, the Union army sus tained a great loss that day in the death of General Sedg- wick, who was killed by a sharp-shooter, close to the intrenchments, at the right of his corps. His record was high as a gallant, judicious and experienced officer, whose services had been of highest value to the Union, and whose frank bearing and manly qualities greatly endeared him to his associates. General Wright suc ceeded him in command of the corps. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 119 On the loth, severe engagements occurred at various points in our lines, from early in the day till late in the afternoon, resulting in heavy loss of life, with no material advantage gained on either side. Hancock s Corps had crossed the Po early in the morning, threatening the enemy s rear, and his army trains. The movement was resisted by Mahone s and Heth s divisions, with so much spirit and vehemence that Hancocks advance was not only checked, but his troops forced to re-cross the river. The turning movement, as first designed, was changed into a front attack on Longstreet s and Ewell s Corps, the purpose being to break through the enemy s lines. These several attacks were made during the day, the last near sunset, against the Confederate intrench- ments, and though these attacks were marked by wonderful daring, vigor and persistence, the very works of the enemy being scaled at points, and three or four hundred prisoners captured, of Dole s brigade, the Union troops fell back at last to their own lines, without having attained their object. The severity of the several con flicts this day is seen in the losses sustained, which numbered 4,100 in killed and wounded, among the for mer being Brigadier General Rice, of the Fifth Corps, and Stevenson, of Burnside s Corps, both gallant and meritorious officers. These engagements, on the loth, though sharp and sanguinary, were only preliminary to those of the i2th, which, for fierce, desperate, hand- to-hand fighting, had few parallels during all the war. A day of exemption from actual conflict, the eleventh, separated these two days of battle, and we will employ this interval in tracing the fortunes of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, since the close of the battle of the Wilderness. I 2O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Till the afternoon of the 7th, the regiment lay quietly in the rear of the corps, the frequent firing on the skir mish line telling them what was going on between the advanced pickets. Then they were marched to the right and placed in the front, behind the breastworks. Shortly after dark a loud cheer suddenly uprose on the right, and was taken up by regiment after regiment, as Generals Grant and Meade, with their staffs, moved toward the left in the direction of Spottsylvania Court House. Warren s Fifth Corps, leading the advance, moved past shortly afterwards, followed, on the morning of the 8th, by the Sixth Corps. The regiment marched the same day with the Second Corps, about four miles to the vicinity of Todd s tavern, where it halted, and a detail from it was sent out on picket. The booming of cannon from the direction of the Court House announced that Warren and Sedgwick had there found the enemy. On the morning of the Qth, the first three divisions of the Second Corps moved forward, and took position on the right of the Fifth Corps. On the loth, the Fourth division, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, with its brigade, being in the advance, moved to near SpottsylvaniaCourt House, its position being about three- quarters of a mile north of the famous salient, which was the theatre of the tremendous conflicts of the I2th, to be presently noticed. The division was on the left of the Sixth Corps, now commanded by General Wright. An open space in front of the position permitted a view of the enemy s fortified position, which the Union troops were expecting soon to charge. At four p. M., came the order to advance, and the troops moved forward through a tempest of shot and shell, driving back the enemy s ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 2 I skirmish line, approaching nearer their works, where musketry aided cannon in thinning the assaulting ranks, making the operation deadlier and less promising of success at every step. In the end the object was not attained, and the troops, for the time, had to give it over and fall back to their own intrenchments. The grand attack on the enemy s works was made on the 1 2th, Grant s order directing it, being issued on the afternoon of the nth. Hancock s Second Corps, with Burnside s Ninth Corps co-operating, was ordered to open the assault at four o clock in the morning, while the Fifth and Sixth Corps were to be held as close to the enemy as possible, in order to take advantage of any opportunity that might present itself, for breaking into the enemy s lines. The object of attack was a salient or projecting angle, situated some distance in front of the enemy s main intrenched lines, and elevated somewhat above them. The apex of this angle was held by Johnson s division, who, apprehending an attack, had strengthened his position in every way possible, making it, in fact, a very formidable one. Barlow s and Birney s divisions led the assault, which was participated in afterwards by the divisions of Mott and Webb, so that Hancock s whole corps was really engaged in the desperate struggle which ensued, for the possession of the salient. The first attack was a brilliant success. A heavy fog delayed the hour of attack till toward five o clock, when Birney s troops, with Barlow s and Mott s in close support, ascended the slope toward the enemy s intrenchments, burst into a cheer as the goal rose into view, rushed forward, passed through the abattis and over the intrenchments, fell upon Johnson s troops with 122 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. such suddenness and impetuous force that they captured nearly the whole division, about 4,000 men, according to Hancock, including General Johnson himself and General G. H. Stewart, who commanded one of his brigades. In addition to this, twenty pieces of artillery, several thousand stands of arms, and upward of thirty colors, were the trophies of this brilliant exploit* This signal success was achieved before six in the morning. It seemed to promise similar or greater suc cess, as rapidly won, for the rest of the day, and then, the apex gained, the whole angle would soon fall into our hands. The result disappointed the hope. Through all that dreadful day the most terrific conflict of the war raged within the confines of that angle, well called "the Bloody Angle." The Confederates, aware how much depended on keeping their general line whole, tasked all their energies to maintain it against the powerful and repeated attempts to break through. The enemy brought up their choicest troops under their most trusted leaders, to confront the Union masses that were bent on completing the work of the morning by seizing and keeping possession of the enemy s position. So the battle swayed, to and fro at different sides of the salient, all day long, now one party, then another gaining some advantage, only to lose it as fresh troops were thrown in to take the places of exhausted ones. To describe the struggle in detail, and the detachments of troops on both side, that were specially engaged, would require several pages of this narative, and I can give, for reasons before mentioned, but a general outline. Perhaps the follow- * Humphrey s Virginia Campaign of 1864 and 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 123 ing extract, from a Confederate officer s account of the conflict, in which he bore a part, will give as distinct an idea of the murderous strife within the salient, as a more lengthened description : " The Federals still held the greater part of the salient, and though the Confederates were unable to drive them out, they could get no farther. Hancock s Corps which had made the attack, had been re-enforced by Upton s division of the Sixth Corps, and one half of Warren s Corps as the battle progressed, artillery had been brought up on both sides, the Confederates using every piece that could be made available upon the salient. Before ten o clock, General Lee has put in every man that could be spared, for the restoration of his broken centre. It then became a matter of endurance for the men themselves. All day long, and far into the night, the battle raged with unceasing fury in the space covered by the salient and the adjacent works. Every attempt to advance on either side was met, and repelled on the other. The hostile battle flags waved over the different portions of the same works, while the men fought like fiends for their possession. It was war to the knife, and the knife to the hilt. The very mouth of hell seemed to have opened, and death was rioting in its sulphurous fumes."* Lest this account should seem too highly colored, I will supplement it with a Union officer s account, Briga dier General L. A. Grant, who commanded a Vermont brigade in the Second Corps, and who was also a par ticipant in the bloody fray : " It was not only a desperate struggle, but it was literally a hand- to-hand fight. Nothing but piled up logs or breastworks separated the combatants. Our men would reach over the logs and fire in the faces of the enemy, would stab over, with their baynets. Many were shot and stabbed through the crevices and holes between the logs. Men mounted the works, and with muskets rapidly handed them, kept * General E. M. Law, in CENTURY, June, 1887. 124 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. up a continuous fire till they were shot down, when others would take their place and continue the deadly work. Several times during the day the rebels would show a white flag about the works, and when our fire slackened, jump over and surrender, and others were crowded down to fill their places. * * * It was there that the somewhat elebrated tree was cut off by bullets, * * * there that the brush and logs were cut to pieces and whipped into basket stuff, * * * there that the rebel ditches and cross sections were filled with dead men, several deep. I was at the angle next day. The sight was terrible and sickening, much worse than at Bloody Lane (Antietam). There a great many dead men were lying in the road and across the rails of the torn down fences, but they were not piled up several deep, and their flesh was not so torn and mangled as at the angle. " The losses of this terrible day were in full proportion to the severity and long continuance of the conflict. The killed and wounded on the i2th, including those of Burnside s Ninth Corps, which did not at that time form part of the Army of the Potomac, amounted to 6,020. In addition, there were 800 missing, making the whole loss 6,820. The Confederate loss, though the figures are not officially given, could not have been very much less. After such labors and such mortality and havoc wrought in one day, a period of cessation from hostilities would seem to be a necessity, and such accordingly ensued. The Confederates withdrew late in the day, to a new line of defenses constructed near the base of the salient while the fight was yet pending, and for several days, at least, the noises of the battle-field ceased to stun the ear. CHAPTER XIII. THE ARMY STILL ADVANCING THE SOLDIERS* TRIALS BY THE WAY SPIRITS ELASTIC UNDER ALL CROSSING THE PAMUNKEY AND NORTH ANNA NEARING THE CHICKAHOMINY RECORD OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH APPROACH TO COLD HARBOR AN ATTACK IN FORCE ON THE ENEMY S WORKS A SANGUINARY CONFLICT AND UNION REPULSE GENERAL LAW S ACCOUNT OF IT UNION LOSSES FROM THE WILDER NESS TO COLD HARBOR REFLECTIONS. For several days after the terrific struggle of the 1 2th, narrated in the last chapter, the weaned troops enjoyed a short season of well-deserved and sorely-needed rest. It was rest, not absolute, but as compared with the ten sion of nerves and hard-tasked energies, inseparable from a sternly contested field of battle. The time between the I2th and 2Oth of May, on which latter day the march toward the South was resumed, was passed, not in ease or listlessness, but in repairing, as far as might be, the heavy damages sustained in the conflict and in getting ready for the serious work which the sol diers of the army well knew still lay before them. Some changes were made by the consolidation of regiments and brigades, whose ranks had dwindled through battle, sickness or expiration of term of enlist ment. The First and Second brigades of General Mott s Fourth division, were consolidated into one brigade known as the Fourth brigade of the Third division, commanded by General D. B. Birney. The One Hun dred and Twentieth Regiment, became, by this change, 126 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. enrolled in this brigade, as thus constituted, the soldiers of which, were soon to share in all the activities of the pending campaign. In the early morning of the I4th, the regiment, with the brigade, was ordered to take position at the front, where, though behind entrenchments, the ear was con stantly saluted with the crack of musketry from picket and skirmish line, with the cannon s deep basso, striking in from time to time, by way of accompaniment. These familiar sounds were the soldiers music by day and their lullaby to soothe them into slumber by night. The diary we have drawn from, gives the following pictures of the experience of the soldiers in these trying days : v< We were kept ever on the alert to resist any attack that might be made. Every day since May 5th written on the i6th we were more or less under the enemy s artillery fire, while the sound of sing ing minies rarely ceased to fall upon our ears, and the dead and wounded in a steady stream were borne to the rear. If you would know of the hardships of those times, ask not the officers alone, but the men who carried rifles and stood in the front of our fiery lines, or slept in the rain and mud behind the intrenchments. The memo ry of those days is indelibly stamped on our minds, yet spite of all hardship and suffering, the army was in fine spirits and none doubted our ultimate success." The close of this extract is significant, as showing how animated and ardent the soldiers continued under all the burdens laid upon them, and how hopeful and con fident they felt, that the trusted leader they were fol lowing with alacrity, would conduct them to certain triumph, though the road to it might be long and the difficulties to be overcome, many and formidable. Indeed, it was a rare thing to find the Union soldier ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 2 J despondent, or ready to give over the contest in despair. And it was this buoyancy of spirit, pervading the ranks, growing out of the conviction that his cause was right and must prevail, that gave strength to his blows, endurance to his efforts, and was the pledge of final victory. Thus, at the close of some bloody day, when the troops had tasked their utmost energies to carry some strong position or win some hard-contested field and had failed an experience so familiar to the Army of the Potomac the spirits of the soldiers remained elastic ; they were ready and anxious to try the fate of battle again, and by renewed and stronger efforts to force victory to decide in their favor. So it had been almost uniformly in the campaigns which marked the past three years of the war, and so it proved to be after the Rapi- dan was crossed and the march to the James had been entered on, during which, skirmishing, bloody collisions and battle alarums," were an almost daily experience. The struggle of one day ended, whether favorable or not, the Union soldier, not disheartened, was ready for another struggle, if necessary, on the next. And we find this hopeful, buoyant feeling nerving his heart and arm during all the trying and perilous days of the army s passage through the Wilderness and southern Virginia to its designated position on the banks of the James. The Union army began its forward movement on the 2Oth, Hancock s Corps taking the lead, the route through Bowling Green, being in the direction of Han- overtown, on the Pamunkey river, near which town, the army was directed to cross. The several corps reached the vicinity of the Pamunkey on the 27th, and on the 28th, the crossing of the river was accomplished. War- I 28 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ren s Corps, the Fifth, was posted with its right on the road to Richmond, with its left near the Totopotomy, a small stream emptying into the Pamunkey, about two miles below Hanovertown. This town was only seven teen miles from Richmond, the possession of which, by the Union forces, had been looked upon from the first, as virtually ending the war. With this goal in view, the most strenuous, though hitherto abortive, efforts had been made to capture the Confederate Capital. And now another effort was in progress to compass the same great object, and the country was watching with deepest anxiety to see whether success or another failure was to attend the present expedition. Richmond lay within less than a day s march. The Army of the Potomac was again near the famed Chicahominy, on whose banks the fierce battles of 1862 had been unavailingly fought. And while the troops were inspired to heroic deeds by the recollection of what their fellow-soldiers, under McClellan, had braved and suffered on this very ground, they were sanguine in expecting a more fortunate issue than fell to the lot of the former. They were unfaltering in the purpose, that Richmond, this time, should no longer evade capture, but should be made to own the might and majesty of a government she had so long defied, and the rebellion thus perish with the over throw of its citadel. It will be seen presently, how fully these confident anticipations came to be fulfilled. But the road to the triumph was neither short nor easy. Months were to intervene before the end was fairly reached, and these months were to be marked by frequent and bitter conflicts, and a sturdy, step by step, vanquishing of obstacles that lay in the way of final ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 2 9 victory. But the army was adequate to the work it had undertaken to do, and without underestimating its mao-- o t> nitude, went forward with single purpose, firm step and unswerving constancy to accomplish it. Its first collision with the enemy after crossing the Pamunkey, was near the Totopotomy streamlet, on the south side of which Lee s intrenched lines were posted, to bar the progress of the Union troops. An attack- was made on their lines by Barlow s division, in the lead, supported by Birney s and Gibbon s divisions, Burnside s Corps, crossing the Tctopotomy late in the day and forming on Hancock s left. Warren s and Wright s corps, also took part in the engagements of the 2Qth and 3Oth, with parts of Lee s army, the whole of which lay in front, prepared to contest the Union advance. In spite of this array, Grant s army urged its way inexorably, swinging round the enemy s lines where his intrenched positions were too strong to break through in front, and compelling the Confederates to fall back to other lines and construct other defenses. This time, Lee s intrenched position was at Cold Har bor, near the theatre of McClellan s battles, and almost in sight of Richmond. This position, for reasons deemed sufficient, General Grant was determined to assail, with the result of one of the hardest-fought and bloodiest conflicts of this whole campaign, so marked by terrible fighting almost from the first day after crossing the Rapidan. The One Hundred and Twentieth had its full share of the burdens borne every day by the whole army, in forcing its way, in spite of all opposition, into the heart of the enemy s country. Each regiment had its own 9 I 30 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. experience of exposure to danger, of toil, hardship and suffering, and the history of one day was virtually a repetition, in its main features, of the trying days pre ceding it. This will appear from the carefully written accounts of what befell the regiment for several days before the third of June, on which the assault was made on Cold Harbor. On May 28th, the regiment was within a mile of the North Anna river, and with its brigade, formed in line of battle, with an open field in front, stretching to the bank of the river, crossed by a bridge, at that point. The division began to cross the river at 8 A. M. ; the One Hundred and Twentieth crossing in the afternoon, shot and shell flying thickly around them, coming from the heights beyond, held by the enemy. After dark the brigade was placed in the front line. A member of the regiment gives the follow ing account of the experience and spirit of the men : "In line of battle across the North Anna river. We are having a rough time. I reckon the world never heard of such fighting. Since May 5th we have been under fire of the enemy nearly every day. All confidence is placed in General Grant, and- all earnestly hope for suc cess. We are working night and day building line after line of intrenchments. Although worn with fatigue, the men cheerfully obey every order." On the 29th, the regiment advanced two miles and another line of works was thrown up, and in the even ing, another advance was made nearer to the enemy s fortified position. This move was in support of Bar low s division, which had dislodged the enemy from his rifle-pits, and at night, a detail from the regiment was placed on picket duty, the enemy all the while being directly in front. " The picket lines were but a short ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3 I distance apart, and all night, and on the 3oth and 3ist, the outposts kept up a constant firing, while every now and then, a furious cannonading would commence and continue for a short time ; and sharpshooters stationed on the surrounding heights, were picking off the men who exposed themselves. During these days, though we were not in any heavy engagement, quite a number was added to the list of our killed and wounded." The attack on the enemy s position at Cold Harbor, was made on the 3d of June, by Barlow s and Gibbon s divisions of the Second Corps, Birney s division sup porting them, the three divisions forming the extreme left of the Union line. Barlow s movement against the enemy s works began at sunrise. After a severe strug gle, he succeeded in effecting a lodgement in the hostile works, and in pressing back the enemy into their main defenses, capturing some 300 prisoners, one stand of colors and three guns, which were turned against the enemy in their retreat. But this encouraging success was only short-lived, for our troops were soon subjected to a sharp enfilading fire of artillery, which forced them to fall back about fifty paces, where they threw up slight intrenchments that gave them partial protection. Gib bon s division, following Barlow s, fared no better, though his troops pushing close up to the enemy s works, carried on the contest with the utmost gallantry. They were forced back, as the others had been, after the most strenuous efforts made to hold their ground, suffering severely, both in officers and men. The loss of both divisions this day in killed and wounded, amounted to 2,217 officers and men. The losses suf fered by the other two corps, the Fifth and Sixth, and 132 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Burnside s troops, were also severe. The Eighteenth Corps, under General W. F. Smith, which had recently come from the Army of the James, and had now joined the Potomac army, was heavily engaged in this battle. The losses of this corps in killed and wounded, was about i ,000 men ; The Sixth Corps lost 800 ; the Fifth, 400, and Burnside s Ninth Corps, about 800. The total casualties, including killed, wounded and missing, result ing from the engagements of the first and third of June, at Cold Harbor, according to General Humphrey s estimates, were 1 2 ,97 o.* This shows the fearful severity of the fighting in those early days of June. General Law s account of the battle of Cold Harbor, in the CENTURY MAGAZINE, for June, 1887, presents a stirring picture of the assault and repulse of Smith s Eighteenth Corps, in the center of the Union line. It may be too highly colored, as Confederate accounts, treating of Union losses in battle, are apt to be, but as the account of an eye-witness and actor in the bloody drama he undertakes to describe, there should be, as there no doubt is, substantial truth in his statements : " Meanwhile the enemy was evidently concentrating in the woods in front, and every indication pointed to an early attack. Nothing could be done upon the contemplated line during the day, and we waited anxiously the coming of night. The day passed (the 2d of June) without an attack. I was as well satisfied that it would come at dawn the next morning as if I had seen General Meade s order directing it. * * * * Our troops were under arms and waiting, when, with the misty light of early morning, the scattering fire of our pickets, who now occupied the abandoned works in the angle, announced the beginning of the attack. As the assaulting column swept over the old works, a loud cheer was given, and it rushed on * Humphrey s "Virginia Campaign of 64 and 65, p. 191. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3 3 into the miry ground in the angle. Its front covered little more than the line of my own brigade of less than a thousand men ; but line followed line, until the space enclosed by the old salient became a mass of writhing humanity, upon which our artillery and musketry played with cruel effect. * * * On reaching the trenches, I found the men in fine spirits, laughing and talking as they fired. There, too, I could see more plainly the terrible havoc made in the ranks of the assaulting column. I had seen the dreadful carnage in front of Marye s Hill, at Fredericksburg, and on the old railroad cut, which Jackson s men held at the Second Manassas, but I had seen nothing to exceed this. It was not war ; it was murder. When the fight ended, more than a thousand men lay in front of our works, either killed or too badly wounded to leave the field. While we were busy with the Eighteenth Corps on the center of the general line, the sounds of battle could be heard both on the right and left, and we knew from long use what that meant. It was general a advance of Grant s whole army. Early s Corps, below Bethesda church, was attacked without success. On our right, where the line extended toward the Chickahominy, it was broken at one point, but at once restored by Finnegan s (Florida) brigade, with heavy loss to Hancock s troops, who were attacking there. The result of the action in the centre, which has been described, presents a fair picture of the result along the whole line a grand advance, a desperate struggle, a bloody and crushing repulse. Before 8 o clock A. M., on the $d of June, the battle of Cold Harbor was over. " The battle of Cold Harbor virtually ended the " over land campaign/ and no more severe fighting marked the progress of the Union army to the James river, which it was soon to cross. The campaign, thus far, had lasted but a month, and almost every day had been one of conflict, several of which, had risen into the dimensions of great battles with the sacrifice and havoc necessarily attendant upon them. From the Wilder ness to Cold Harbor, according to revised tables pre pared by reliable authority, the total losses of the Union army in killed, wounded and missing, amounted to 134 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 54,929, a figure that represents alone a numerous and powerful army in the field. Had success in the end not crowned the great efforts and sacrifices of the Union army, the country would have shown little mercy in its criticism and denunciation of the General com manding, through whom those sacrifices were made. But the complete success, which was to come, and did come, made all the difference in the world in the senti ments of the people toward the great leader who attained the object for which all loyal hearts were yearn ing. In the glory of the achievement and the universal joy it occasioned, all harsh voices were hushed, and only those heard which extolled the Captain of the host, who succeeded, where others had failed, and his gallant soldiers, without whose self-sacrificing labors, there had been no triumph to record. CHAPTER XIV. THE UNION ARMY NEAR THE CHICAHOMINY DISCOMFORTS AND SUFFERINGS OF THE TROOPS SUCCESSFUL CROSSING OF THE JAMES RIVER THE ADVANCE TO PETERSBURG INVESTMENT OF THE CITY ASSAULTS ON THE ENEMY S INTRENCHED LINES LEE STRENGTHENS THE CITY S DEFENSIVE FORCE HARDSHIPS AND PERILS OF THE SOLDIERS BESIEGING A DESCRIPTION, BY ONE OF THE NUMBER ABORTIVE MINE EXPLOSION. From the third of June, the day after the last battle at Cold Harbor, till the i4th, on which latter day, the One Hundred and Twentieth crossed the James river no events occurred out of the usual round of army experiences. Guard and picket duties, with occasional short marches by day, with now and then a nightly bivouac under a summer sky, occupied the interval. The two armies being close together, the work of the sharpshooters was naturally kept up pretty actively at times, resulting in some casualties on either side. Though the brigade to which the One Hundred and Twentieth belonged, was in the second line at Cold Harbor, and thus escaped much damage in that destruct ive battle, its losses from daily exposure and hardship were large, sickness as well as the bullet adding to the chasms made in the ranks since the campaign opened. One of the regiment, putting down his experiences shortly after Cold Harbor, writes : "All day there has been heavy artillery firing, and the shot and shell tearing through the air, or lodging in the trunks of large trees standing near, are constant reminders that a hostile army is just IS ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. before us. The sharpshooters of both armies are continually at work, and wherever a head comes in sight it at once becomes a tar get. Quite a number of officers and men in the different corps were the victims of this day s work. As we looked back over the past month, crowded with great events, and thought of the many dangers through which a kind Providence had brought us safely, so many being taken while we were left, we could not but feel deeply thankful for our preservation. Our regiment had borne its part nobly, every man seeming to feel what duty he owed to his country and his God, and to conduct himself accordingly. We are now near the sickly swamps of the Chicahominy, where the army of General McClellan, two years ago, had its repeated encounters with the enemy. The rays of the sun poured down upon us with unsparing fierceness, the water was poor, and sickness began to tell upon our ranks, as battle had done. The rebel army lay between us and their capital, now only nine miles distant." That army lying between the Union forces and Rich mond, proved a stubborn obstruction to the capture of the capital, the sound of whose church bells almost reached the combatants, so near was their approach to it. It might be disappointing to many to have a speedy assault and the hoped-for capture delayed, and to see the army turn its back upon Richmond when the prize seemed almost within its grasp. But the plan deliber ately fixed upon was, to get farther away from the capi tal first, and then in due time, by gradual approaches, to get within it, through the weakening and dispersion of the army which had so long guarded but would be no longer able to save it. This plan involved the crossing of the James river, preparations for which went forward rapidly after the Cold Harbor conflict, the object being to destroy the lines of supply leading to Richmond*, south of the river, and as close to the city as practicable, to capture Petersburg, sever all railroad communication ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3 7 with the Confederate capital, which Lee s army must then of necessity abandon. The crossing of the James river, with an opposing army within gunshot, watching every opportunity to obstruct the progress of the invading enemy, was a deli cate and difficult operation. It was necessary to con ceal the movements of the Union army as much as possible, and especially the point at which it was designed to cross, and this was done so effectually, that the passage of the river was accomplished without molestation or mishap. The preparations for the move ment of the army to the James river, and for crossing it, were so carefully and skilfully made, that the several corps, each in the order marked out, traversed the distance between Cold Harbor and the James, without interruption. Crossing the Chicahominy by the several bridges designated, and passing through the swamps that separated it from the James, they reached the banks of the river between the I3th and i5th, Hancock s Corps arriving on the former day. This corps crossed the river on the I4th, a part on pontoons, but mostly in vessels, furnished largely by General Butler, then at Bermuda Hundred. The One Hundred and Twentieth, which formed part of the Second Corps, was surprised and delighted to see among the vessels there, the Thomas Powell, of Rondout, which seemed to the sol diers like the face of an old friend, bringing strong reminders of home. The point of crossing was from Wilcox s Landing, to Windmill Point, the river here being 2,100 feet wide, and in mid-channel, from twelve to fifteen fathoms deep, with a strong tidal current, all of which would seem to forbid the construction of a I 3 O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. pontoon bridge. Such bridge, however, was actually in progress for the passage of the other corps, and was fin ished at midnight of the i4th. The crossing at once commenced of the Ninth, Fifth and Sixth corps, and by midnight of the i6th, the whole army, with its artillery and trains, was over the James, General Wright cover ing the operation and being the last to reach the right bank.* This movement, so successfully made, proved to be one of the highest importance in its results, was in fact, a long step forward in the road that led to the downfall and ruin of the Confederate cause. On the morning of the i5th of June, the Second Corps started on its march toward Petersburg, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, with its brigade, falling into line about 1 1:30 A. M., and marching rapidly a distance of twenty miles, arrived at nightfall within three miles of the city. The tents were pitched for the night, the brigade occupying the front line among the Union troops intrenched before Petersburg and about to have their first experience of besieging a strongly fortified town. Heavy lines of breastworks stretched from the Appomattox river, round the eastern and southern sides of the city, and behind these extended and strong defenses, were battalions of Lee s veterans, ready to hold their ground against all assailants, or to sally iorth, as opportunity might offer, and grapple with their enemy in the open field. The number of Confederate troops in the fortifications at Petersburg, was small when the advance of the Union army arrived before the city. It hardly exceeded 2,5oo men. Lee s main force was held for the pro- * Humphrey s Virginia Campaign. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 39 tection of Richmond, which place he supposed General Grant intended first of all to assail. General Beaure- gard, on the other hand, rightly divining that Peters burg would be the main point of attack to the Union army, urged General Lee to send troops enough to defend it, while he held his own lines in front of Gen eral Butler. This request Lee did not at once comply with for the reason stated, and hence Petersburg was left for a time, with very inadequate numbers for its proper protection, inviting, in fact, the assaults which soon followed the appearance of the Union army before the city. Had these assaults been made more promptly, and with more concert on the part of Hancock s and Smith s corps, they would have resulted, most probably, in the capture of Petersburg, with all the advantages resulting from its posession, to the Union arms. As it was, the assaults were made with great resolution and gallantry, and with marked success, so far as the cap ture of redans, with many prisoners, was concerned. The Petersburg intrenchments encircled the city at the distance of two miles from it, and these consisted of a series of strong batteries connected by infantry parapets, with ditches in front. Several of these redans or bat teries, were carried by Smith s vigorous attacks upon them, and the enemy driven to positions nearer the city. Other assaults were made on the morning of the 1 8th, by the Fifth, Ninth and Second corps, but no material advantages were gained, as the enemy had now become largely re-enforced, besides pressing closer up to the adversary s lines, the ground taken there being at once intrenched. These positions, the two opposing lines continued substantially to hold, during all the months the war lasted. I 4O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. The attacks on Petersburg, from the i5th to the i8th of June, inclusive, though they failed in their main object, were attended with severe Union losses, the number in killed and wounded in the Second, Fifth and Ninth corps, amounting to 7,450. Though the troops were exempted, after Cold Harbor, from the casualties pro duced by a pitched battle, their experience before Petersburg served to show, that a siege may be almost as fatal to life and limb as a battle! When the several corps of the Union army had taken their positions before and around Petersburg and Rich mond, the fate of these two cities became the. absorbing o question of interest among all classes. The capture of the former, involved that of the latter, and the fall of both, was well understood to mean the end of the struo-o-le oo for the Confederates. Petersburg once taken, Rich mond s defense could not long be maintained with all communications from the South and West cut off, and therefore, the earnest and persistent efforts made to cap ture Petersburg, as leading inevitably to the final triumph of the Union arms. Well knowing the vital importance of holding Peters burg, General Lee had strengthened it by concentrating there all the troops he could possibly spare from his lines around Richmond. The city thus became very formidable in its defenses, and proved able to withstand for many months, the utmost efforts of the investing forces. Lee s army, indeed, was held as in a vice, all its energies being absorbed in the one great object of saving Richmond from falling into the clutches of the enemy. Thus the months of the summer and autumn, and the winter following, slowly passed, one by one, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. l- OLS. I 4 I in efforts made by the Northern army to break down the defenses which obstructed their entrance into these cities, and by the other, to foil all attempts made against them. The details of the movements and operations to compass these ends, were varied and some of them striking and picturesque. We can do no more, how ever, than glance at these, or dwell upon them only so far as is necessary to the proper illustration of the sub ject of this narrative. To the troops in intrenchments before a beleaguered city, which has strength to baffle for many months, all efforts to take it, there must be much monotony in the service rendered, day by clay. Short marches from one position to another the occasional shifting of positions and the throwing up of new intrenchments ; the digging of wells for providing a supply of water ; guard and picket duty, performed with never failing regularity ; an occasional assault made on some exposed point in the enemy s defenses, or a sortie of the besieged, needing to be met and repelled these are among the daily experiences of soldiers engaged in a long siege, such as that of Petersburg. Some of these experiences have an interest of their own, marked as they often were, by incidents of personal adventure, suffering; and patient endurance on the part of the soldiers, who, lying within striking distance of the guns of the enemy, were hardly at any time, out of danger of being struck down by shot or shell. But the men gre\v indifferent to personal risks by being constantly exposed to them, and per formed their daily tasks without heeding the perils which lay in wait for them on every side. The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment had its own share 142 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. of these perils, and the record of what it did and suffered during the months preceding- the fall of Richmond, would, if it were spread out in detail, show it well entitled to an honorable place among the battalions that served the country most faithfully. A few extracts from this record, written by the trustworthy pen, whose aid has so many times been resorted to, will set forth some of the doings and experiences of his comrades of the regiment, for a part of the period mentioned. These extracts, drawn from a carefully kept record of each day s operations and field services, will give an idea of the character and requirements of the work which devolved upon the troops while the siege of Petersburg was in progress : July i Qth. " We were quiet in our works, while the skirmishers in front, kept up a constant firing." July 20th. "Bullets are singing over our heads or striking the works behind which we are safely sheltered, all day. There has been heavy skirmishing since daylight. After dark, we were relieved by a portion of Burnside s Ninth Corps, and we marched nearly all night." July 22d. "This morning we moved into the front line of works. Barlow s division moved over them to establish a new line, but were soon assailed by a superior force of the enemy, and hurled back, losing four guns and over a thousand prisoners." July 23d. "The regiment remained quietly behind the breast works all day, a large detail being on the skirmish line. The term of enlistment of two regiments of our brigade had expired, and the recruits and veterans of one of them, the Seventy-second N. Y., were transferred to our regiment. Some of our boys who were on the skirmish line, will remember how they saw Colonel William Blais- dell, of the Eleventh Massachusetts, killed, while trying to advance our skirmishers under a galling fire from the enemy s pickets and sharpshooters." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 143 The regiment had been without a chaplain for several months, the Rev. F. Hartwell, having resigned, the previous winter. On the 9th of June, a new chaplain joined the regiment, in the person of Rev. H. H. Hopkins, a son of Dr. Mark Hopkins, for many years the honored president of Williams College, a young man of high character and gifts, and full of ardor, both patriotic and religious. He readily identified himself with all the interests of the regiment, cheerfully sharing the hard ships and clangers of the men, to whose bodily, not less than spiritual needs, he sedulously ministered, and soon winning a high place in their esteem, confidence and affection. In the following extract, reference is made to him and to a service he conducted with the regiment, amid a pause in the harsh battle noises which stunned the ear throughout each day, and often reached far into the night : June 24th. "It was quiet in our front. Heavy firing was heard on our right early in the morning, which continued the greater part of the day, with short cessations. When night came, firing along dif ferent portions of the line ceased, and it was as quiet as a New England Sabbath. For three consecutive evenings, our chaplain had tried to hold meetings. This evening he succeeded. Nearly the whole regiment came together at the centre of the line, keeping near the works so as to be able to spring to arms at a moment s notice. Seated on the ground, officers and all seemed rejoiced, thus together to worship God. Within full hearing of the enemy, we sang the old hymns, and some regiment down the line, echoed them back to us. One of the captains and two of the men led in prayer, and all listened attentively to the earnest words of the chaplain. Captain A. Lockwood, was mustered as major of the regiment to-day. The intrenchments behind which we were holding the front line, were built of logs and earth, and were very strong, and the army asked nothing belter than to have the enemy hurl their forces against them. 144 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. The men were calm and confident when there were real indications of an attack and scarcely noticed the famiiiar whizzing sound of the minies from the opposing skirmish line." The above picture furnishes a strong contrast, as it is a pleasant relief to the dark and stormy scenes of con flict and bloodshed through which so much of the regiment s way had lain hitherto, and it is honoring to the soldiers, to see them amid their grim, warlike sur roundings, doing honor and homage to Him, through whom alone, all good and perfect gifts are bestowed, among them, prospectively being, triumph to our arms in the prolonged struggle, in whose final and complete success, the nation s integrity, freedom and very life were involved. The heat of the weather, in these midsummer days, was at times, almost insupportable, and the suffering of the soldiers in marching and in the daily services they were called upon to perform, such as levelling the enemy s abandoned works, digging wells, etc., was very severe. Every change of position made it necessary to open new wells, for no water could be obtained, fit for use, without this constantly imposed labor. The follow ing from the diary of July i2th, sets these matters forth in strong light : "Near daylight, all the intrenchments in front of us had been levelled, when we marched about two miles to the left and rear. We halted in an open field, while an army, with its artillery, passed by us, among them being 5,000 colored troops. No word or look of disrespect escaped any of our men, most of whom looked upon colored troops for the first time, and would probably have jeered and derided the same troops, a few months before. Now, however, they had proved themselves good soldiers, worthy to wear the blue and stand in the ranks of freedom. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. " July i3th. Our task of levelling breastworks was completed this morning at 10 o clock. It was about the hottest day we had ever experienced. The sun seemed fairly to wither us. The digging done, we at once started forward, and after two sleepless nights, one of them passed in hard labor, marched at a very rapid pace for about five miles through dust, that rose in a long, heavy cloud. Four men in the regiment directly behind us, dropped dead. Some of our men were overcome with the heat and fell out, within half a mile of camp. The entire regiment showed signs of utter exhaustion. The color bearer, fell from sun-stroke after reaching camp. Many complained of giddiness, and scores lay panting in the woods. "Before recovering breath, General Mott, unaware, seemingly, of any unusual suffering in the ranks, issued an order to dig wells and lay out a camp. In half an hour from the time we halted, the men who could walk, were busily engaged in digging wells and in prepa rations for the night s encampment. At about six p. M , of the i4th, we were ordered with the division to the front, to tear down old works left by the enemy. All night, with pick and spade, we were at work to level old Confederate fortifications, completing our task the next day, by laboring at it from four p. M., till an hour before midnight. The works torn down, had formed a strong position, and were now occupied by the Eighteenth Corps and the colored troops. From the ridge they occupied, the spires of Petersburg churches seemed close by, while to the right, a plain stretched to the Appo- mattox, visible at intervals, through the trees. Across this plain, extended the opposing lines." The arduous character of the service rendered by the regiment, while the siege of Petersburg was in progress, appears from the foregoing extracts. This service did not greatly vary during the summer months. The men bore the burdens, of whatever kind, which rested on them clay by clay, with .unmurmuring constancy, while they looked forward hopefully to the end of their toils, which they foresaw could not be very long delayed. On the 30th of July, occurred the explosion of the Petersburg mine, to vary the uniformity of the opera- 10 1 46 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. tions, having the capture of the city in view. It was a carefully contrived plan to compass the surrender of the city, and had its execution corresponded fully with the prearranged details, Petersburg would then have been lost to the Confederacy. But the plan miscarried, as many another, not less important or skillfully devised, has done. The eight tons of gunpowder, were, indeed, duly exploded ; a part of the enemy s works, with 300 troops manning them, was blown up ; a huge fissure was made in the ground, through which columns advanced, to what was meant and expected to be, a triumphant assault. But troops were hastily rallied to the defense, with a combined power of resistance, which baffled all efforts of the assailants. The result is told in the graphic words of General Grant, himself : The effort was a stupendous failure. It cost us 4,000 men, mostly however, captured, and all clue to inefficiency on the part of the corps commander, who was sent to lead the assault." * * General Grant s "Personal Memoirs." Vol. II, p. CHAPTER XV. STEADY PROGRESS OF THE SIEGE DANGERS FROM SHASPSHOOTERS RESULTING CASUALTIES HOW THE REGIMENT SERVED AND SUFFERED GENERAL BARTLETT s ACCOUNT OF SOLDIER-LIFE BEFORE PETERS BURG CONSTANT PERIL TO LIFE AND LIMB THE LIVING SOLDIERS NOT LESS DESERVING THAN THE DEAD RALPH WALDO EMERSON^S REMARK MARCH TO WELDON RAILROAD BOYDTON PLANK ROAD THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH CAPTURES INTRENCHMENTS AND PRISONERS SWORD PRESENTATION HONORING OUR SOLDIERS GRAVES CHAPLAIN HOPKINS LETTER AND GENERAL DOUBLEDAY s RESPONSE. The failure to capture Petersburg, through the explosion of the mine, was followed by several weeks of comparative inaction. The effect of the operation had been, to draw heavy bodies of Lee s troops to the defense of the city, against which such daring attempts were making by the Union army, so that a large part of his forces were now posted behind the fortifications of Petersburg. It was shown by this, how much o * importance the Confederate leader attached to the hold ing of the city, and that he regarded its fall, as a calamity that might foreshadow speedy ruin to his cause. The extensive lines of defense were therefore strength ened in every way possible, and the task of the besiegers to break through, had become more difficult than before the explosion of the mine. The siege, however, was not to be abandoned. The Union troops had come to stay. No difficulties which opposed them, could turn them aside from their pur pose. This purpose was to have Petersburg at all 148 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. hazards, and with it Richmond, though it should require months to accomplish it. To this end, their own lines were not only made stronger, but extended from time to time and brought nearer to those of the enemy, and new and more commanding positions taken, to harass their stubborn adversary, as occasion offered ; to con fine him within narrower limits and gradually weaken his power of resistance. Thus the besieging forces lay before and around Petersburg, seeking what advantage they could, and o o o J hopeful still of a favorable issue, while the weeks of the autumn slowly succeeded each other. They were con stantly within reach of shot and shell from the opposite defenses, though the shelter of breastworks and bomb- proofs protected them in some measure against deadly missiles. The greatest caution was necessary to guard against the keen -eyed sharpshooter, especially on the skirmish or picket line, and any movement by parties outside of the works, was liable to be attended by serious, sometimes fatal, casualties. Some instances of the latter, will be given in an account of several clays experiences in the progress of the siege, and these will serve to exhibit the nature of the work the besiegers were called upon to do clay after clay, and the perils to which they were exposed, in performing it. The account is from the diary from which I have drawn so freely, whose full and carefully compiled details, furnish the best information attainable on matters of principal concern to the regiment. The following extracts will o o serve as a sample of the kind of service, with its attend ant trials, required of the regiment during many weeks that the siege was going forward : ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 49 "September 9th. In the evening, a detail fiom our regiment, among others, was sent to strengthen the picket line, while the Twen tieth Indiana, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania and the Second U. S. Sharpshooters, were to capture the enemy s rifle pits, which were near one of our forts, on the Jerusalem Road. We were first taken to the fort and then moved silently forward to the picket line, where we found the regiments named, ready and waiting to move. "At one o clock, A. M., of the roth, the moon having just set, the attacking party crept forward through the darkness and soon reached the rifle pits, surprising the videttes, and after a few shots, the lines were ours. Many of the enemy came running back, were taken in charge and sent to the fort by our picket line. Two captains and 96 prisoners were taken in this affair. Lieutenant Colonel Meikel, of the Twentieth Indiana and Lieutenant G. W. Ellsler, of the Ninety- ninth Pennsylvania, lost their lives in the assault." The picket line was advanced and the captured works were manned with Union soldiers, while every gun in front opened against the successful assailants, shot and shell flying over the heads of the sheltered troops and plowing up the ground in their front ; the cannonade continuing till two o clock in the morning. At three o clock, another portion of the lines was assailed by the enemy s cannon , with such a furious outburst, that the regi ment was called out to confront any danger that might be impending. Later in the morning, an attack on our picket line, resulted in the capture of some 25 Union soldiers, who were guarding it. Constant firing was kept up between the opposing picket lines, and this often resulted, in the parties engaged, being struck down by shots, that sometimes proved fatal. Some of these casualties which befell the One Hundred and Twentieth, apart from their interest as individual incidents, will show the hazards attending the siege of a strongly defended city, even when the besieging forces I OO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. exercise becoming caution and care in their own pro tection. "September i6th. Our regiment lay between forts Warren and Crawford, in the front line, and about 100 yards to the left of the Jerusalem plank road. At night, could be seen the flashes of rifles all along the opposing lines, while the blaze from mortars and the fiery curves described by the shells, presented a very picturesque spectacle. "September 2Oth. The news of Sheridan s victory in the Shenandoah Valley yesterday, reached us and caused great rejoicing in the army. Wherever there were Union soldiers, whether in camp, in the rear, or along the picket line, there was cheering all day. In the evening, Lieutenant Dederick, a brave and promising young office r of our regiment, who had been rejoicing with us over the victory, was sent out with the pickets. While on the reserve, arranging the details, a minie-ball passed through his heart, coming out of his leftside. He simply uttered the words, I am dead, carry me to the bomb-proof, and lived but a few moments, when his lifeless body was borne to the camp which he had left just before in happiest mood. Lieutenant L. A. DuBois, of company I, who had placed some boxes in front of his tent bed for his protection against stray minies, and which sheltered all but his feet, was wounded in his foot by a bullet passing through his tent during his sleep this night." "September 24th. Bullets were striking about our camp and headquarters thicker than ever, passing through the officers mess- tent and throwing up the dirt in front of their quarters. At night, we were sometimes awakened by the hum and thud of minies, which for a moment, caused a chilly sensation to pass over us. Head quarters were changed in consequence of the annoyance to which they were thus subjected. "September 26th. Private Brown, an old member of Captain Gillett s company, was shot through the head on the picket line this morning, and killed. "On the morning of the 3Oth, one of our men, who was walking carelessly along with no thought of danger near, was struck by a minie and fell dead without speech or motion. " September 3Oth. At night, a detail from the regiment was sent out on picket. One of the pits, occupied by four or five men of ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 5 I company I, among whom were Jacob Clapper and N. Servoss, was located at an angle in the line. A short distance to the left was a pit containing a Confederate sharpshooter. It was dark and we were look ing at the flashes of the enemy s guns, when a bullet from the sharpshoot er s rifle passed through Clapper s head, killing him instantly, wounding Servoss in the shoulder and hit a third man standing near. All had been watching the enemy s fire, to see the direction of their picket line and position of their pits, when the missile struck them, causing the three to fall at once/ The foregoing accounts show what constant peril to life. and limb lay in wait for those who were patiently urging the siege of Petersburg. The intrenchments and breastworks built for their protection, did not afford absolute safety against shot and shell. The men may almost be said to have been under fire all the time, and whether sleeping or waking, were liable to be struck by the enemy s bullets, searching every part of our lines for victims. An interesting and graphic account of the situation before Petersburg and of what dangers environed the troops, is given by General F. W. Bart- lett, commanding the First Massachusetts brigade of Leslie s division, ordered to assault the enemy s works right after the mine explosion. General Bartlett, who had lost a leg in the Peninsular campaign and had a fine record as a gallant and chivalrous soldier, led his brigade promptly at the word of command into the crater opened by the explosion, where, fighting to the last extremity, he was captured, with many of his com panions in arms. In a letter to his mother before this mishap, he thus recounts an experience which was com mon to the besieging army : "The brigade is in two lines of breastworks, 100 yards apart, in the front of the enemy s works and within 200 yards, in some places. I 5 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Brigade headquarters are 250 yards in rear of second line. Division headquarters, 200 yards in rear of brigade, so you see all are in easy musket range of the enemy. We are in pine woods, the trees not very thick. The headquarters have to be protected by a stockade of logs, against bullets which are constantly coming through here. Four officers of the Fifty-seventh (Massachusetts,) have been hit since I got here, one killed, three very badly wounded, in the sec ond line. Our stockade does not protect us against shells, which fall in front and rear of us, but have not hit the headquarters yet. Some fall way in the rear of division headquarters, and some near corps headquarters, which are about one-fourth of a mile in rear of division. A bullet goes whizzing over my tent every few minutes as I write, and goes thud, into one of the trees near, with a sound, that makes you think what a headache that would have given you, if your head had been where the tree was. The bullets patter like rain at times against the outside of this stockade of logs, the inside of which, my elbow touches, as I write. It is a continual rattle of musketry, sometimes swelling into a roar along the line, and varied with the artillery and mortars. So you see, we are liable at any moment to be struck, even while reading a paper or eating dinner. A bullet went through Dr. Anderson s table, as he was eating breakfast this morning. You must be prepared to hear the worst of me at any time. It is wearing to body and mind, this being constantly under fire. People at the North, who are enjoying themselves and thinking of nothing but making money, little appreciate what this brave army is enduring every day and every hour for them, and how much more cheerful and hopeful they are than people at home." * On October ist, the regiment moved with its brigade to the Weldon railroad, taking up a position at the extreme left of the Union lines. Here they remained several days, engaged in skirmishing with the enemy, one or two of whose slightly defended lines they suc ceeded in occupying, the One Hundred and Twentieth, capturing a small fort at the right of the Confederate * Palfrey s "Life of Bartlett," p. 112, 113. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 5$ position, which was afterward named, Fort Tappan, in honor of its commanding officer.* All day of October 2d, the regiment lay within two or three hundred yards of the Confederate works, with no other protection than a few trees and certain ridges on the surface of the ground. "Eight men were wounded while in this position, among them, Captain Snyder, of company C, always prompt and reliable, who received a severe wound while trying to extend the skirmish line across an open space. William O Neal, another stanch and tried soldier, who had been in the field more than three years without hurt, had his right arm taken off by a solid shot. James Kenyon, another veteran, while aiming his piece, got a bullet up his sleeve which ploughed a furrow nearly the length of his arm." On the 5th, the regiment returned to its former position in the trenches before Petersburg. The fol lowing extracts from the diary will explain the situation of the regiment and some matters of particular interest connected with it during the early days of October : " October 6th. Colonel Tappan led us into a beautiful camp, which had been the headquarters of General Gibbon. Here, at the left of Fort Davis, we were kept till October 24th, for the purpose of being available to reinforce any portion of the line which might be menaced. " October 8th. In the evening, there came to the regiment, 109 recruits, entirely unexpected by any one. This brought us up to the number of a full regiment, on paper, although we only drew rations for 540. Many of our men were absent on account of sickness and wounds ; a number were prisoners of war, and some were rendering faithful service in various detachments. The chaplain mentioned, * See General Sharpe s "Memorial Address in Honor of Colonel Tappan," p. 15. I 54 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. that since the last pay day, he had sent $21,000 home for the men, while $10,000, making in all, four-fifths of the entire sum received, had been sent in other ways. This was certainly an excellent record. October yth. Colonel Sharpe, from City Point, with a friend, visited the regiment. Religious services were held, officers and men, nearly all were present, and combined to carry on the singing well. The band assisted at the beginning, and altogether, the service was a very satisfactory one. "October loth. The weather was very cold In the morning, the ice was so thick, that a whole piece, taken from a wash basin, could be held up without breaking. Most of the men had neither over coats nor blankets, and yet there was no complaint. "October i3th. Four of our best men were wounded on the murderous picket line. One of them, a brave, ingenuous boy of 18, was shot through the body and died at night. Another young man, had a great furrow ploughed through the right side of his brain by a minie. He expressed great anxiety to live, not because afraid of death, but that he might care for and comfort his mother, who was largely dependent on him. His anxiety, however, did not aveit a fatal termination,, and he was soon numbered with the nation s dead soldiers. " How many similar affecting cases occurred throughout the extended field during the war, and how greatly do they add to the distresses inflicted by the grim conflict ! 11 But. one of the saddest cases of blighted hopes just on the point of being realized, was that of Sergeant Melville Hunt, who for three years and four months, had shared all the fortunes of the old Army of the Potomac, having been in every battle but one, from the beginning of McClellan s campaign in the Peninsula, and excepting a ten days leave, never absent from his regiment. Now, for sufficient reasons, he was about to return home, having received an honorable discharge. On the eve of his departure from camp and comrades, he had a desire to look once more upon the Confederate fortifications and the spires of Petersburg, and with this view, strolled out to Fort Sedgwick. Here, standing near an embrasure, which sheltered him, as he supposed, from the enemy s observation, a sharpshooter s bullet passed through his heart, killing him instantly." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. I OLS. I 55 Thus, with home and its endearments waiting to cheer him in a day or two, after being long parted from them, while doing faithful service for the country he loved, the unexpected messenger comes to him, quenching every bright earthly prospect, in his life-blood. Not only as a brave soldier who had done his duty, but as a Christian man, the swift summons found him ready for it, but the incident is none the less affecting and impres sive. This incident has been dwelt upon somewhat, not because it is wholly singular in its type and surround ings, for other cases nearly similar, marked the progress of the long conflict, but to show what risks to life, con stantly beset, the soldiers who were fighting for the flag, not one of whom could count upon absolute immunity from the shots that were ever hurtling through the air, seeking for victims. We speak of those who laid down their lives for the cause and hold their names in abiding honor for the supreme sacrifice they made in its behalf; but those who cheerfully exposed their lives for the country, though they passed unscathed through the flames of war, are well worthy to share the honor accorded to their comrades who fell. A common spirit and devotion animated both, and to both belongs a rescued nation s meed of gratitude and praise. Ralph Waldo Emerson, well expresses what is due from the country to the soldiers who lived through the conflict, as well as to those who died in it : "The obelisk/ he says, " records only the names of the dead. There is something partial in this distribution of honor. Those who went through those dreadful fields and returned not, deserve much more than all the honor we can pay. But those also, who went I 56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. through the same fields and returned alive, put just as much at haz ard, as those who died, and, in other countries, would wear distinct ive badges of honor, as long as they lived. I hope the disuse of such medals or badges in this country, only signifies, that everybody knows these men, and carries their deed in such lively remembrance, that they require no badge or reminder." * The regiment moved on October 27th to the Weldon railroad, bivouacking near the Yellow House. On the 27th it marched to the Boydton plank road, a short dis tance south of Hatcher s Run. Here it joined its brigade, now commanded by Colonel Robert MacAllis- ter, of the Eleventh New Jersey. The brigade was placed in an open field east of the Boydton road, in support of General Egan s division, which was prepar ing to take the high ground across the stream. As these movements were preliminary to the battle of Boydton Plank Road, in which the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment bore a prominent part, we will have recourse to the diary for the details of this affair, as related by one who participated in it, and is well fitted to describe it : "While in this position the one above named we were start led first by the rattle of musketry at our right, and then nearly in our rear. A sudden and furious attack had been made on General Pierce s brigade, who, thus assailed unexpectedly by an overwhelm ing force, fell back in disorder, leaving two cannon to fall into the enemy s hands. Egan abandoned the projected assault against the heights, faced about, and, assisted by our brigade and some other troops, made a countercharge, retaking the guns General Pierce had lost, and capturing about one thousand prisoners from the enemy. We soon found ourselves facing about south, in the direction from which we had marched. A rain was falling, and without breast- * Emerson s Address at Ded. Soldiers Monument in Concord, April iQth, 1867. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. lj works we were subjected to a severe fire of artillery, which caused serious results to the regiment. We moved forward a short distance to the woods, where, with our hands and tin plates, we dug in the ground to protect ourselves from the enemy s bullets, which seemed to come from every direction. We were surrounded by the foe, and the prospect was anything but agreeable. Late in the afternoon our regiment and the Eleventh Massachusetts were ordered to charge the enemy in front of us. We moved forward, capturing a number of the pickets and driving their skirmish line before us. After getting through the swamp we could see the enemy s forces rallying, and they were soon advancing and pouring into our ranks such a stream of musketry as to force us back to our position in the edge of the woods, from which our volleys held them at bay. Captain James Chambers and seven enlisted men were killed during the day, and thirty-three members of the regiment were wounded and sixteen missing. Lieutenant-Colonel Tappen s horse was killed by a solid shot or shell as he stood by it, waiting for orders. About dusk we heard a Union cheer in front of us. The enemy had been attacked from the rear, and were soon compelled to withdraw, losing a num ber of prisoners. The bullets from the attacking columns whistled over our heads, and we soon joined in the loud cheers that followed. Our part in the battle of Boydton Plank Road, or the " Bull Ring," as it was called, was ended, and after da k, through the cold rain and the mud, we commenced our march back toward the front of Petersburg, and on October 315! we arrived once more at our old quarters, the bomb-proof camp near Fort Morton." On the night of November 6th, the regiment was roused from its sleep by a furions outburst of artillery and musketry, seeming to come from their near vicinity. Quickly forming into line, the men learned that the enemy had taken a portion of the Union picket trenches, near the Halifax Plank road, and that we were to go forward and re-capture them. The shells were bursting over their heads, the darkhess lighted up with their flashes, while mortars and cannon mingled, contributed I 58 ONE PIUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. with their mighty roar, to make night hideous with dis cordant sounds. "The regiment moved rapidly forward and soon reached the works in which the enemy were sheltered. Companies C, E and B. sprang over the intrenchments, and wiih bayonets and clubbed maskets, forced about 50 of the Confederates to surrender, who were sent to the rear as prisoners. Two of our number were killed and seven wounded, in performing this energetic and skilful exploit, for which, corps, division and brigade commanders, were pleased to compliment the regiment." The routine of camp experiences was pleasantly varied on the gth of November by the presentation of a sword to Lieutenant Alonzo R. Cole by the company with which he was associated. A similar mark of regard was shown on the iQth by the members of com pany B for their Captain, Rodney B. Newkirk, who became the recipient of an elegant sword. The pre sentation in both cases was made by Lieutenant-Colo nel Tappen in brief and appropriate terms, to which the recipients of the swords made fitting replies. The soldiers were much interested in the ceremonies, expressing their good wishes for the officers thus hon ored, whose merits and character had commended them as deserving of this distinction. To have the remains of the soldiers dying in the service of the country properly interred, and their graves secured against desecration or against the neg lect that left them without mark or distinction of any sort, is a matter in which every true heart feels a warm interest. Wherever operations were carried on against the enemy, valuable lives were laid down by men fight ing under the national flag. These men had gone forth ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 19 from Northern homes, leaving kindred behind them, who, while yielding them up at their country s call, followed them into the field with yearning for their safe return, and with constant solicitude for their escape from surrounding dangers. When tidings of the death of these loved ones reached home, the stricken hearts bowed to the stroke with what fortitude they might, but the consolation was theirs that the life laid down was in the service of the country, and this was a soothing reflection. If to this were added the knowledge that the dead kinsman s remains, instead of being thrown aside as a worthless thing, were tenderly cared for, received a soldier s burial with fitting respect, and with a suitable memorial over the grave, it would solace bereaved homes more than words can express. With the view of having provision made for a suitable place of burial for the Union deceased soldiers before and around Petersburg, and for due honor to be paid to their remains, Chaplain Hopkins, whose attention to the interests and needs of the soldiers was unremitting, addressed to the proper authorities a letter from which we extract the following : " HEADQUARTERS ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. VOLS., ) "November 18, 1864. ) "ADJUTANT: I beg leave respectfully to call attention to the fol lowing facts : "Since the arrival of the army before Petersburg there have been no places assigned for the burial of the dead, and there has been no system followed in marking, numbering or recording the position of the graves of the fallen. We accordingly find that the dead are scat tered here and there, buried in dooryards and gardens, along road sides, by water-courses and in the woods wherever the lines of the army have reached. From very many graves the slight head-boards I 6O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. originally set up have been removed, and from many of the remain ing boards the lettering is wholly obliterated, while upon all of them it is growing every day fainter. The storms of the coming winter will render nameless nearly all the graves of the soldiers of the Union who have fallen in front of Petersburg, thus putting it forever out of the power of their friends to recover their remains, or of their coun try to mark their resting place." After stating that a similar neglect in regard to burial and to the preserving of inscriptions on tablets, prevailed also about hospitals, so many of whose inmates were constantly borne to the grave, the chap lain adds : " I therefore have the honor to ask that the attention of the proper authorities be called to this whole subject, and I would respectfully suggest that the sites for one or more cemeteries be at once selected ; that the bodies of all United States soldiers who have been killed, or who have died since the occupation of the present line, be removed to such place or places as shall be chosen, and that hereafter, during the present military operations, it be ordered that no intermems of bodies of soldiers be made elsewhere. " This application, sent through Adjutant Russell, received a few days after, a favorable reply, in a circular order, from Major General Doubleday, the commander of the corps, a part of which is in these words : "Commanding officers within the corps are directed to have all burial grounds strongly fenced in, the topmost rail to be mortised or pinioned. Inscriptions upon the head-boards will show distinctly the name, rank, company, regiment, and date of death of the deceased. * * * Application will be made to the commander of the army for authority to disinter the isolated bodies of deceased soldiers of the command, in order that they may be reinterred in the burial ground of the division to which they belonged, and that proper head-boards and inscriptions may be placed over their graves." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 6 I This shows becoming respect, not only for our dead soldiers, but for the sentiment of the country in regard to the reverential treatment of the remains of those who fell in its defense. This sentiment has found beautiful expression and on a large scale, in the erection of national cemeteries all over the land, where battles were fought and Union soldiers laid down their lives. The government has taken these cemeteries under its o own care, gathering into them the remains of its brave defenders, wherever they could be found, and by the tender and assiduous guardianship which it continues to exercise over them, showing how highly it honors the dust of the men whose strong arms saved it from overthrow and ruin. 11 CHAPTER XVI. GENERALS HANCOCK AND HUMPHREYS THE MURDEROUS PICKET-LINE INCESSANT FIRING COLONEL TAPPEN TAKES LEAVE OF THE REGIMENT AFFECTING ADIEU THE WELDON RAID INCIDENTS OF IT BY PARTIES WHO WERE THERE EXCESSES BY SOLDIERS IN AN ENEMY S COUNTRY NOT ALWAYS AVOIDABLE WHAT GENERAL SHERMAN SAYS CHAPLAIN HOPKINS REPORT THE AFFAIR AT HATCHER S RUN HUMPHREY S EXPERIENCE BEFORE PETERSBURG WINTER QUARTERS. On the 26th of November, General Hancock resigned the command of the Second Corps. He had been selected to organize the First Army Corps of veterans, making his headquarters at Washington, where, in the prosecution of this work, he remained till February, 1 865. His military record during the war, illustrates the history of the Union army. He was one of the most prominent figures in all the great battles which that army fought, notably that of Gettysburg, whose successful result was largely due to his foresight, readi ness to meet emergencies, skilful dispositions and indomitable energy. The soldiers he had commanded, found it hard to part with one so trusted and loved, and who had stood by them so long and stanchly, in unto ward, as in prosperous times. The corps, however, was fortunate in having General A. A. Humphreys succeed to the command. The position he had held as chief of staff of the Army of the Potomac, was due to his high character and military ability. And since a change in commanders was ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 163 necessary, the corps might well felicitate itself, that one so skilful and experienced, and so well qualified for the post, as General Humphreys, was to lead it hence forth to victory. The 2Qth of November, was the last day that the One Hundred and Twentieth occupied its bomb-proof camp, which, for so many weeks, had been a target for the enemy s shower of missiles. That these lavish favors were not received without acknowledgment, but met with a return in kind, appears from the fact, that the picket detail of one hundred men, had for weeks, expended each day, ten thousand rounds of ammunition. This indicates the spirited and almost constant firing kept up by the men in this hazardous position, casualties in wounds received, sometimes fatal, being no uncommon occurrence. Leav ing this ground, the regiment moved toward the left, via the " Yellow House," to a new camping ground near Poplar Grove church, where preparations were made for building tenements, which were to serve, it was thought, as winter quarters. This expectation, as events showed, was not fulfilled, the time for winter quarters, implying cessation from aggressive field service, being not yet come, but lying somewhere indefinitely in the future. The regiment had work to do of an import ant kind to the Union interests, and as usual, stood prompt and ready at the word of command to do it. The character of this work will presently appear. Meanwhile Lieutenant Colonel Tappen, for control ling personal reasons, resigned command of the regi ment, to the great regret of its officers and men. On December 3^, he met the men of his command, the sharers in many a conflict and hardship, to bid them I 64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. farewell. The scene must have been an affecting one, as described by a member of the regiment : " We were formed in line of battle to listen to his parting words. Sorrow and regret were depicted on every face, for we had felt the inspiration of his presence amid many scenes of danger and suffering and on many a tiresome march. His patriotism, ability and loyalty to duty, had been tried in the fires of battle and had thoroughly stood the test, and this day of his leave-taking, seemed to us, a funeral day. Colonel Tappen attempted to make an address, but could only say with a choking voice, * I suppose you all understand good bye boys, God bless you all, when, waving his hand, with a heart too full for utterance, he hastily retreated to his tent." In -an official letter of Chaplain Hopkins, concerning the affairs of the regiment, written during this month, is the following tribute to this respected officer. " The opening of the month was signalized by the retirement of Colonel J. R. Tappen, from the command of the regiment After more than three years of faithful and distinguished service, he has gone back to civil life. His departure was universally deplored, and the scene of his leave-taking was one of tender and affecting interest, such as can be enacted only, when a tried and loved commander is finally separated from veteran soldiers, whose toils and dangers he has shared." The log houses which the members of the regiment had completed on the 6th of December, for their winter quarters, supposing that they were to find some rest and comfort within them during the wintry months, it was found necessary to abandon, just as their labors in con structing them seemed happily ended. For at daybreak, on the morning of the 7th, they set forth, under orders, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 65 on an expedition that was afterwards known as the " Weldon Raid." The expedition was in command of General Warren, and consisted of troops of the Fifth Corps, with Mott s division of the Second and Gregg s division of cavalry. Its object was to break up the Weldon railroad, which was very important to the Con federates, as an avenue for conveying supplies from the country south, to Petersburg and Richmond. The regi ment marched rapidly for a distance of twenty miles, and bivouacked about four miles beyond the Nottoway river. The men found the march a wearisome one, laden as they were with blankets and clothing for the winter, in addition to six days rations and ammunition, the unusual burden, with the long march, causing many men to fall out of the ranks. The march was continued the next day, opening a new scene for the soldiers, and marked by certain incidents, which are fittingly told in the following extract from the diary. "We passed many fine residences and plantations, the country not having been devastated by the army. We went through the village of Sussex Court House, halting for the night, within two miles of the Weldon railroad. The country through which we marched offered fine opportunities for foraging, and many of the men confiscated sweet potatoes, poultry, pigs and lambs. Some discovered in the farm houses, barrels of molasses, from which they filled their canteens and others found, stowed away in the cellars, casks of apple brandy, to which they helped themselves, and under its influence, forgot their hardships and passed a merry night. We saw many white women and children during the day, whose scornful glances told of the feel ing they entertained toward Yankee soldiers, while the colored people seemed pleased to see the Stars and Stripes, heralding the better day coming to themselves. We arrived at Jarrett s Station, on the afternoon of December 9th, and at once commenced tearing up the tracks. Forming in line along the road, we took hold of the J 66 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ties and rails, and with liftings and shouts, turned them upside down. Great fires were built of the ties, and the rails were laid across them and heated so that they would bend and twist and be wholly unfitted for further service as rails. Three times we thus destroyed portions of the road the length of our line. Late at night, having done all that was required of us, we, with the Fifth Corps, after destroying about twenty miles of railroad, commenced our return toward Peters burg. On December loth, we passed three of our men who had been murdered and stripped of clothing. The deed was supposed to have been committed by people living along our line of march. In accordance with General Warren s orders, every building near our route was set on fire in retaliation. Smoke and flame could soon be seen in every direction, and when night came, the scene was awfully grand. "Sunday, December nth. The march and the burning of buildings continued. A church standing near the road met the same fate as other structures, though some of the men protested and did all they could to save it from the flames. We passed a bitter cold night sleeping on the ground without tents. " December i2th. We reached the Yellow House, having marched, since we started on the raid, a distance of one hundred miles. We were not allowed to occupy the quarters which we had built, and slept in only one night, after being finished. "We took lodgings, December i3th, on our new camping ground, near the Halifax road, where we were only to make our selves comfortable, a hint, that we were not expected to remain there in winter quarters." The foregoing depicts some of the horrors of war, in pillaging, burning and destroying property, in an enemy s country, a thing perpetrated on a wide scale over the land while the conflict lasted. Some of the wasting and destruction was wanton, but that is hardly avoidable, when the " clogs of war," are fairly let loose. One is reminded of General Sherman s words in his famous letter to the Atlanta authorities, who besought him to countermand his order sending away the citizens from ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. \6j the place, after its possession by the Union army. " War is cruelty," he says, "and you cannot refine it ; and those who brought war into our country deserve all the maledictions a people can pour out. You might as well appeal against the thunder-storm as against these terrible hardships of war ; they are inevitable * * * We don t want your negroes, or your horses, or your houses, or anything you have, but we do want, and will have, a just obedience to the laws of the United States. That we will have, and if it involves the destruction of your improvements, we cannot help it." The army of General Sherman, in its march through Georgia, illustrated the unavoidable havoc and ruin which attend upon the footsteps of war, the " destruction of improvements," with the view of strengthening the Union interests and weakening those of the adversary, being one of its prominent factors, and justified by the necessity of the case. Our soldiers in Virginia, in breaking up railroads, acted simply as their comrades did elsewhere, striking blows, wherever possible, to injure the enemy and break down his power of resist ance, and bring back peace by compelling obedience to the government and laws. In Chaplain Hopkins report for December, reference is made to the operations of the regiment during this raid upon the Welclon railroad, with some strictures upon the conduct of those soldiers who manifested inor dinate zeal in carrying on the work of destruction. There are other matters in the report, of interest to the regiment, relating to its numbers at this period, the changes in it, the hardships and exposures of its mem bers and its general condition, which warrant the inser tion of some extracts that follow : I 68 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 4 Divine service was held on two Sabbaths of the month. On one of the remaining, the weather rendered it impracticable, and dur ing the others we were marching. Religious meetings of a social character, have, on two or three occasions been held. The attend ance on all was creditable, though a large class absent themselves entirely. The morals of the regiment have deteriorated in some respects, particularly manifested in irreverence toward religious things. The day and the name of God are not honored as formerly. The vice of profanity has become alarmingly and vulgarly prevalent." The Chaplain s experience, is that of many others, who, during the war, held similar relations to regiments in the field. The nature of a soldier s work, the scenes, surroundings and privations of camp life, the being shut out for months from home society with its restraining and elevating influences, are not favorable conditions for awakening religious sentiments, or for strengthening them where they existed, or even for keeping them fresh and unalloyed. This forms another and a strong count in the catalogue of evils growing out of wars, from which every nation needs to pray for deliverance, as from famine and pestilence, which are scarcely greater calamities. The report goes on further to state : There have been no deaths (during December,) with the regi ment. Two have died from wounds and two from disease in hos pitals. The whole number present for duty is 442, twenty-five held by the enemy as prisoners, have been exchanged out of the i ic cap tured, October i6th, 1863, at James City, Va. So far as we have learned, 32 of the original number have died. "There have been seven promotions during the month, three of them from the ranks. " * * The names of those promoted will be found in the Appendix with all changes by promotion or otherwise, in the regiment, from the time of its leaving home till the close of the war, together with the deaths or casualties which befel it, their time and place, as far as can be ascertained. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 69 After recounting the setting forth of the regiment on its expedition to break up the Weldon railroad, which has been given above, the report continues : "This expedition consumed six days full of hardship, and was altogether an experience tending to destroy the discipline and morale of an army. No special order having been issued against pillaging and the devastation to private property, there was from the first much straggling for these purposes, On the second and third day, this was carried to a shameful extent, every house within sight and some far beyond, being visited by both infantry and cavalry. Men who had thrown away their knapsacks, appeared in the column, laden with household furniture, chairs, clocks, china etc; and with other stolen articles, not only of men s but of women s clothing, and paraded them. Although the troops were amply provided with food, houses were ransacked and stripped of everything eatable, while women and children wept their protestation. " On the return of the troops after accomplishing the destruction of the railroad, as before mentioned, the sight of their comrades lying murdered and stripped by the roadside, so exasperated the soldiers, that they con tinued to burn and devastate everything lying along the track of their march. Referring to the murdered men, who, straggling in the rear, had been set upon by the inhabitants, the report remarks : "Such savage atrocity cannot be too severely punished; but a wholesale and terrible retaliation visited, for the most part, upon the innocent and helpless, for acts, which, wicked as they were, were incited by the wanton outrages of our own men, could not but be a bad lesson in morals to the troops. " Though the truth conveyed in this reflection, is such, as no upright and humane person can well dispute, the " powers " in command, were not quite satisfied with its I 7O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. expression under the circumstances. The report was " respectfully returned " from headquarters, with an admonition to the chaplain, to "confine his reports to the moral condition and general history of the regi ment," and not comment upon the operations, nor upon the conduct of the troops. The corps commander, how ever, marks his disapproval of the licenses committed by the soldiers on their recent expedition, by adding this : " If the statement that he makes concerning the con- o duct of the regiment and the troops be correct, it is greatly discreditable to them and especially to their officers. If any case of pillaging or destruction of property is known to the commanders, the offender should be brought before a court." The regiment having returned to the ground where it had expected to pass the winter, in quarters adapted to the requirements of the season, was soon busied, in connection with the Eleventh New Jersey, in erecting a log chapel, which they hoped to have completed by the opening of the new year. The work \vas carried for ward with spirit and energy, and finished a little later than the time reckoned on, and duly opened for relig ious uses. Considerate ladies from the North, furnished it with books, maps, papers and magazines, calculated not only to relieve the monotony of camp life, but to minister to the moral and mental well-being of the sol diers, whose leisure hours were thus agreeably and profitably employed. The benefits flowing from this source continued to be enjoyed without interruption till February 4th, when an order to pack up and be ready to march was received, another expedition being con templated and on the verge of setting forth. The object ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I J I this time, was to break up the Confederate route of sup ply, by a movement on Dinwiddie Court House. Gregg s cavalry led the movement, followed by the Fifth Corps and two divisions of the Second Corps, com manded by Generals Smyth and Mott, and marched to the crossing of Vaughan Road, over Hatcher s Run and to Crawford s Mill. Mott s division was put in position on the south side of the run, and General Smyth s established on the north side, at Armstrong s Mill, communication being- maintained with Warren s Fifth Corps, four miles distant. The intrenched lines of the enemy were established a thousand yards in front, his left covered by woods. The One Hundred and Twen tieth New York and the Eighth New Jersey, formed the extreme left of the Union line. The attack of the enemy began about five p. M., the engagement lasting upwards of two hours, and urged for a part of the time, with great spirit and resolution. The attack was repelled at all points, the enemy falling back to their intrenchments, and the fighting on this part of the line was over, no considerable losses on our part having been sustained. Warren s Corps was more heavily engaged, and in an attack made upon it, on the 6th, by the enemy s whole line, consisting of parts of Hill s and Gordon s Corps, in spite of the exertions of the leading officers and the good conduct of many of the men, his line gave way and fell back. He puts his total loss, including the cavalry, at i,i65, killed and wounded, and that of the Second Corps, at 138, showing that the brunt of these several engagements fell upon his own corps. Referring to the character of the service ren dered by our troops while holding the lines before Rich- 172 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. mond, with the desultory fighting often witnessed, Gen eral Humphreys says : "During the whole period of our partial investment of Petersburg and Richmond, there were frequent affairs on the picket lines, especially in front of the Petersburg intrenchments, where the affair, sometimes, became of a serions character, drawing into it brigades, sometimes a division. Some of these encounters occurred at points where the lines were so close as to cause apprehension of a success ful night attack, and hence, the effort to force back the pickets. These attacks gave occasion for the exhibition of dexterity and daring on both sides, but did not result in any appreciable modification of the lines. The loss they entailed in killed and wounded, was by no means trifling." * But this kind of warfare, with the risks, uncertanties and inevitable trials attendant upon it, was rapidly approaching its end. The winter months were gliding by, and the spring was near which was to witness the final struggles and collapse of the Confederacy. By the loth of February, the regiment had returned to its former camping-ground, and soon found itself in snug winter quarters, where it remained till the 25th of March. During this interval, their new flag arrived at headquarters, inscribed with the names of sixteen battles in which the regiment had participated. When the sol diers of the One Hundred ana Twentieth left their quarters again, it was to follow in the track of Lee s retreating army, witness its surrender and share in the universal acclamations which that long-looked-for event occasioned. * Virginia Campaign of 1864 and 1865. CHAPTER XVII. THE END DRAWING NIGH LEE PURPOSING A RETREAT GRANT S MEAS URES FOR PURSUIT CAPTURE AND RECAPTURE OF FORT STEADMAN WHITE OAK STATION AND DINWIDDIE COURT HOUSE FIVE FORKS AND SHERIDAN LEE S RETREAT RICHMOND TAKEN PETERSBURG EVACU ATED PURSUIT OF CONFEDERATE ARMY PART TAKEN IN IT BY THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH REGIMENT LEWIS MEMORANDA AN ARM ISTICE PROPOSED MEETING OF GRANT AND LEE AT APPOMATTOX GRANT S ACCOUNT OF IT TERMS OFFERED AND ACCEPTED INCIDENTS OF THE SURRENDER THE SOLDIERS JUBILANT THE WAR ENDED. The operations of the Union army before Petersburg and Richmond were steadily nearing a successful issue. Indications that Lee must soon abandon his intrench - ments before these cities had become more and more apparent as the folds of the besieging anaconda were gradually tightening around them. Early in March, in a conference between Lee and the Richmond authori ties, it was determined that as soon as the roads would permit, the Army of Northern Virginia should move to Danville, and, uniting with that of Johnston, attack Sherman, whom they hoped with their united forces, to overthrow. General Grant, aware of this purpose of the Confederate leader, took prompt measures to thwart it by preparing his army for immediate pursuit as soon as Lee should begin his retreat. Accordingly he issued orders on the 24th of March for a movement of the armies operating against Richmond, to begin on the 29th. The movement was to be to the left, with a 174 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. view to destroy the Danville and South Side railroad, turn Lee s right, force him to abandon his intrench- ments, and thus, with his army in flight, to pursue him with a force that must speedily effect his defeat and cap ture. While these designs were maturing, Lee found it desirable to make an assault against Fort Steadman, the capture of which would facilitate his withdrawal, at the proper time, from his present lines. At this fort the opposing lines were only one hundred and fifty yards apart, and to gain possession of it Lee conceived would be of great advantage to him in his future operations. The assault was accordingly made by General Gordon s corps, with portions of Hill s and Longstreet s corps, embracing nearly half of the Confederate army. The attack took place at half-past 4 on the morning of the 25th, and was so sudden and vigorous that Fort Stead man was captured, with most of its garrison, and several batteries in its vicinity. The enemy s possession of these works was, however, short-lived. General Parke directed Wilcox, with the aid of Hartranft, and Tidball s artillery, to recapture the works, which was effected in the most gallant manner by the troops under command of these officers. The holding of this fort by the Union troops, after its com ing back into their hands, was not likely again to be contested, and Lee s hopes of benefit from its capture were thus sorely disappointed. His loss in prisoners by this Union success was nearly 2,000, including 71 officers, with nine stands of colors. In fact, every movement made by the enemy, as every operation of our forces against him, in these last days of the mighty ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I J 5 conflict, brought Confederate loss and disaster along with it, and pointed to the rapidly waning strength of the rebel army and the certainty of its speedy and utter collapse. At White Oak Station and at Dinwiddie Court House, on the 3ist of March and April ist, actions took place between the opposing forces, with success for the Union troops, many prisoners being captured from the enemy. At Five Forks, where the enemy was strongly intrenched in force, a battle occurred on April ist, a signal success being gained by the Union forces under General Sheridan. He commanded, in addition to his strong force of cavalry, the Fifth Corps, and with these troops he carried the enemy s intrench- ments, capturing 6,000 prisoners, besides artillery and large quantities of small arms. The enemy fled and scattered in all directions, and in the vigorous pursuit which followed, other serious Confederate losses were sustained. Following closely in the wake of these important suc cesses was the assault, on the 26. of April, by order of Grant, upon Lee s intrenchments, which proved no more able to withstand the mighty impact of the Union forces than were those last carried at Five Forks. The three divisions of General Wright s Sixth Corps advanced at early dawn to the attack, broke over the enemy s picket line, and, under a heavy artillery and musketry fire, poured in masses over the main defenses. Nothing was able to resist the momentum and impetu osity of this assault, and in a brief time the works were gained. After his intrenchments were thus carried, Lee at 176 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. once notified the Confederate authorities that he would be compelled to abandon his lines during the following night, his retreat involving, of course, the fall of Rich mond. The defenses before Petersburg had been assailed on the same day by troops under Generals Ord, Humphreys and Parke, and with the same signal success. The lines of the enemy were captured, includ ing Forts Gregg and Whitworth the former after a desperate resistance, involving much loss to the assail ants and the result was the evacuation of Petersburg on the night of the 2d, anticipating a bombardment of the place which was ordered to commence at five o clock the next morning. In a letter written to City Point by General Grant on the 2d, just before the city was aban doned, he speaks of the captures by the Union army in this playful vein, not usual to him, but indicating his satisfaction with what was then occurring : " The whole captures since the army started out gunning will amount to no less than 12,000 men and probably 5o pieces of artillery." The capture of Richmond was almost simultaneous with that of Petersburg. The Con federate government left the former city about two p. M. of the 2d, and at 8.1 5 on the morning of the 3d, at the same time that Generals Grant and Meade entered Petersburg, General Weitzel took possession of Richmond. The Confederate capital, which had for so long a time baffied all efforts to capture it, to the attain ment of which end so many thousands of lives had been sacrificed, was at last in Union hands, while the rem nant of the gallant army which had stood for so many months as the city s bulwark against all assailants was in full retreat before its victorious adversary. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. IJJ While these operations, which were effecting such significant changes in the situation and prospects of the two armies, were in progress, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment had its own part to perform in the stirring events that every day was developing. From the 25th of March, till the 2d of April, when Richmond became ours, and for the days following, till the surrender of Lee s army, the regiment had its full share in helping forward the great work so soon to be crowned with success. Some extracts from Mr. Lewis notes referring to this period* and the service rendered by the regiment during the closing days of the war, will be read with interest. Referring to the severe struggle -at Fort Steadman, resulting in its recapture by the Union forces, on the 25th of March, the record thus continues : "From our position on the left, we heard the sounds of battle about Fort Steadman, and at an early hour, received orders to strike tents/ baggage to be sent to the rear. We formed in front of the breastworks and advanced toward the enemy s intrench- ments, the object being to feel their strength. We were soon sub jected to a galling fire of both musketry and artillery, and the result to our regiment, of the day s operations, was six killed, thirty-two wounded and forty-six missing, total loss, eighty-four. Among the severely wounded, and prisoners of the regiment, was Ellis H. Bishop, of Rondout. He was struck in the eye by a minie, which came out of the back of his head. His comrade, thinking him dead, left him to fall into the hands of the enemy. We returned to our old quarters at night. Received marching orders on the 28th, and on the 29th marched to the left across Hatcher s Run, about three miles, and at 1 1 A. M. , formed in line of battle and still advancing, arrived about dusk, at a line of the enemy s deserted entrenchments. "March 3Oth. Advanced in line of battle, halting about noon, and began constructing a new line of works opposite one of the -enemy s batteries. In the night the regiment marched farther to the 12 I / 5 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. left and massed on the site of the historical Bull Ring, near the scene of our engagement October 2yth, 1864. " March 3ist. Firing was heard on our right. General Grant s headquarters were near us. He rode over an open field close by, and was cheered by the men and fired at by the Confederate artil lery. Our corps commander, General Humphreys, tried the same thing, and his Adjutant-General, who was right behind him, was- killed by a solid shot from one of the enemy s guns. " In the afternoon we were ordered to pile our knapsacks, and then we moved forward, in line of battle. We advanced through the woods to the brow of a hill, at whose base was Hatcher s Run, beyond which, on a ridge, were the enemy s intrenchments, with a ditch in their front. At the command Forward ! we made our way down the hill, under a brisk fire of musketry, reached and crossed the stream, charged up the ridge till we came to the ditch, where we halted ; returned the enemy s fire, till a heavy enfilading fire from the left and rear, necessitated the order to fall back. Our loss. was one killed, 16 wounded and 32 prisoners. "April 2d. Our brigade took possession of the enemy s intrench ments in front of the division, and soon all the Confederate works south of Hatcher s Run were occupied by the Second Corps. Their line defending the South Side railroad was broken. The regiment marched up the Boydton plank road and massed within three miles of Petersburg, after which we took a new position, with the Appo- mattox on our left and Petersburg in front. * * * " April 3. Early in the morning word was received that Petersburg was in possession of our troops, that Richmond was evacuated, and Lee s army retreating. There was great rejoicing. We in a moment forgot our privations and one continuous hurrah resounded along our line. But there was little time for joyous demonstrations, and we immediately started in pursuit of our fleeing foes. We crossed the South Side railroad and met a battalion of Confederate prisoners. We formed a junction with Sheridan s command, a body of whom met us with bands playing lively airs. We soon continued our march westward toward Burkesville, passing through the finest coun try we had been in in Virginia. Prisoners were being picked up all the way, and from time to time we would pass abandoned caissons, wagons, etc. We continued our march till after 9 o clock, halting in a field, for the night." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 179 The regiment continued to advance in line of battle in joint pursuit of Lee s retreating army, on the 4th, 5th and 6th days of April, meeting all along with evidences of the demoralized condition of the enemy s forces, all pointing to the hour of their surrender, as being just at hand. On the 5th, they passed 700 Con federate prisoners who had been captured by the Union cavalry the night before. In the afternoon, the regi ment approached Jetersville, a station on the Richmond and Danville railroad, not far from Amelia Court House, near which Lee s army was then supposed to have arrived. In their march on the 6th, the One Hundred and Twentieth came in sight of a wagon train of the enemy, which by dextrous management they succeeded in cap turing, and then appropriating such of its contents as the fancy or the needs of the soldiers led them to desire. On their march on the 7th the regiment had the pleas ure of greeting General Sheridan as he passed by. The General was in excellent spirits, and had a pleasant word for any who addressed him, saying how the enemy had been and was being beaten, and what num bers of prisoners, wagons and arms had been taken. In the evening the regiment was well up with the retreating army. The men were placed in line of bat tle, and on the alert for any alarm that might come, or order that might reach them to put forth further exer tions. On their right a fight was in progress, the sounds of which fell upon their ears, while the wounded were borne past them to receive fitting shelter and attention in the rear. Two days only remained before the war should end in Lee s giving up the contest, and I 8O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. how these days were passed by the regiment may be most suitably told in the words of the diary : "April 8th. We found the Confederate works at Farmville evacu ated, and continued the pursuit, but were soon halted to wait for orders. With the column we moved again, and passed through a small hamlet, when companies G and H were sent out on a foraging expedition. They found plenty of ham, pork, flour and meal, which were dealt out to the regiment. As the column was moving a flag of truce was seen some distance ahead on the road, and at the edge of a wood toward which we were advancing. We halted for a rest, after which we marched until 3 o clock at night. "Sunday, April 9th. We packed up at 7 o clock in the morning. Musketry and artillery were heard on our left. After we were under way we marched until near i o clock P. M., when we moved a short distance from the road into an open field, where, with other large bodies of troops, we were massed, and after stacking arms we were told that there would be a suspension of hostilities for two hours. We learned that Generals Grant and Meade, accompanied by their staffs, had gone out to the front to meet General Lee. We all felt that something unusual was about to happen, but yet could hardly make ourselves believe that the end- of the war was so near. It was about 4 o clock p. M. when General Meade was seen approaching, with his face lit up with a smile as we had never seen it before. He soon informed us that Lee had surrendered. No pen or tongue can properly describe the scene that followed. Some wept for joy. Speeches were made, flags waved, bands played, cannon boomed, and for a long time the air was filled with knapsacks, canteens, coats, caps, tin cups, coffee kettles and blankets, while mingled cheers set tled into one long, continuous roar. We can never forget the joy of that hour. Our many disappointments, long and wearisome marches, exposures and sacrifices seemed all to shrink away into nothingness in the blaze of the present triumph. The losses looked trifling compared with the splendid gain now secured. The princi ples for which we had fought and endured so many hardships had prevailed at last. The war for the Union was virtually ended, and God had given us the victory." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 8 I We enter heartily into the raptures of the Union sol diers as set forth in the foregoing lively description. The great event which had taken place was fully ade quate to produce such outbursts of joy. It meant for the soldiers a final termination to all the hardships, perils, sufferings of every kind, belonging to service in the field. It meant a speedy return to their homes, and to the loved ones who were yearning to greet them and rejoice with them in a reunion long looked forward to with hope, mingled with fears that it might never be realized. It meant the restoration of peace to a dis tracted country, which for four years had been agitated from centre to circumference with the raging storms that threatened its destruction, and seemed beyond all human power to control. And more than all, it meant safety to the Union, no part of which, long and obsti nate as the conflict had been, had been torn away from its firm fastenings, to mar its beauty and impair its strength. All that the loyal heart loved in the country and its institutions had been preserved intact, as the precious fruit of these soldiers toils and sacrifices, with the priceless gain added thereto of the blotting out for ever of the stain of slavery from the nation s escutcheon, thus making us a free nation in fact, as hitherto we had been such only in name. Well might the soldiers rejoice and make the welkin ring with their jubilant acclamations, with such results, present and prospective, secured to them by the announcement that Victory had come and the war was ended ! It needs not to trace in detail the movements of Lee s army for each day from April 2d> when its retreat began, till the 9th, when its surrender took place at Appomat- 182 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. tox. Most readers are familiar with the story, which is outlined with sufficient distinctness in the narrative given above. The surrender, however, has such his toric importance, and the circumstances attending it are so interesting, that a brief reference to the closing nego tiations, with the written terms offered by General Grant and their acceptance by General Lee, will not be deemed amiss by any reader who may have followed the narrative to the present stage. As illustrating the modest and generous nature of the illustrious leader who had conducted the war to its triumphant close, the record is specially attractive, and will lose none of its charm by frequent perusal. The two Generals met by agreement at the house of Mr. McLean, on April Qth, with the view of completing arrangements for the surrender of the Army of Vir ginia. General Grant, in his " Personal Memoirs/ gives the following account of the interview, with its results : "General Lee was dressed in a full uniform, which was entirely new, and was wearing a sword of considerable value, very likely the sword which had been presented by the State of Virginia ; at all events it was an entirely different sword fiom the one that would ordinarily be worn in the field. In my rough traveling suit, the uni form of a private, with the straps of a lieutenant general, I must have contrasted very strangely with a man so handsomely dressed, six feet high and of faultless form. But this was not a matter that I thought of till afterwards. "We soon fell into conversation about old army times. He remarked that he remembered me very well in the old army ; and I told him that as a matter of course I remembered him perfectly, but from the difference in our rank and years (there being about sixteen years difference in our ages) I had thought it very likely I had not attracted his attention sufficiently to be remembered by him after such ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 8 3 a long interval. Our conversation grew so pleasant that I almost forgot the object of our meeting. After the conversation had run on in this style for some time, General Lee called my attention to the object of our meeting, and said that he had asked for this interview for the purpose of getting from me the terms I proposed to give his army. I said that I meant merely that his army should lay down their arms, not to take them up again during the continuance of the war unless duly and properly exchanged. He said that he had so understood my letter." Then after some further conversation, on topics not connected with the business in hand, General Lee sug gested that the terms proposed for the surrender should be written out ; whereupon General Grant took up his pen and wrote the following : "AppoMATxox C. H., Va., April 9th, 1865. "Gen. R. E. LEE, Comdg C. 6". A. " GEN. : In accordance with the substance of my letter to you, of the 8th Inst. , I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of N. Va. on the following terms, to wit : Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate. One copy to be given to an officer desig nated by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as you may designate. The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged, and each company and regimental commander to sign a like parole for the men of their commands. The arms, artillery and public property to be parked and stacked, and turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side arms of the officers, nor their private horses or bag gage. This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to their homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside. "Very Respectfully, "U. S. GRANT, "Z/. Gen." I 84 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. These terms * metfwith the ready assent of General Lee, as from their liberal character they could hardly fail to do, and he seemed to have regarded them as generous, from what appears in this statement by Gen eral Grant : " When he read over that part of the terms about side arms, horses and private property of officers, he remarked, with some feeling, I thought, that this would have a happy effect upon his army." But Gen eral Grant s generosity did not end here. He made another concession, which breathed the soul of kindli ness and magnanimity toward the defeated, and which might well touch, as it doubtless did, Lee s tender sen sibilities, as it challenges the approval of every generous heart. This concession is given in General Grant s simple and expressive words : " I then said to him that I thought this would be about the last battle of the war I sincerely hoped so ; and I said further, I took it that most of the men in the ranks were small farmers. The whole country had been so raided by the two armies that it was doubtful whether they would be able to put in a crop to carry themselves and their families through the next Winter without the aid of the horses they were then riding. The United States did not want them, and I would, therefore, instruct the officers I left behind to receive the parole of his troops, to let every man of the Confederate army who claimed to own a horse or mule take the animal to his own home. Lee remarked again that this would have a happy effect. He then sat down and wrote out the following letter : "HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA, ) "April pth, 1865. } "GENERAL: I received your letter of this date, containing the terms of the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, as proposed by you. As they are substantially the same as those expressed in your letter of the 8th inst,, they are accepted. I will proceed to des ignate the proper officers to carry the stipulations into effect. " R. E. LEE, General. "Lieu. General U. S. GRANT." ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 85 On the afternoon of this day the government at Washington received from General Grant a message announcing Lee s surrender. Lee had lost, during the movements of his army, from March 26th to April 9th> about 14,000 men, killed and wounded, and 25,ooo made prisoners. The number of men paroled was about 26,000, of whom not more than 9,000 were found in arms, while i5o cannon and 71 colors were among the trophies obtained by the Union army. As the great tidings were proclaimed, the whole nation became sharers in the joy of the soldiers in the field that the long agony was over, and Peace had come to cheer all homes with its presence, and its promises of restored and abiding prosperity. CHAPTER XVIII. ALL CONFEDERATE ARMIES YIELD AFTER APPOMATTOX SOLDIERS LOOKING HOMEWARD THE PRESIDENT S ASSASSINATION A NATION S SORROW AND DISMAY VETERANS TAKE SOBER AND SENSIBLE VIEWS OF THE SIT UATION THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH MOVES SLOWLY TOWARD WASHINGTON SHARES IN THE GRAND REVIEW OF GRANT S AND SHER- MAN S ARMIES, ON THE 230 AND 24TH OF MAY THE MAGNIFICENT SPECTACLE, AS SHERMAN RELATES IT THE REGIMENT EN ROUTE, AGAIN ENTERTAINED AT PHILADELPHIA REACHES NEW YORK AND ARRIVES AT KINGSTON ENTHUSIASTIC RECEPTION HONORABLE T. R. WESTBROOK s ADDRESS OF WELCOME RESPONDED TO BY COLONEL SHARPE SWORD PRESENTED TO COLONEL LOCKWOOD. The surrender of Lee and his army at Appomattox, followed by that of Johnston a few days after, virtually ended the war for the Union. Such bodies of Confed erates as were in arms in other parts of the country, ceased one by one their hostility to the United States government, and gave in their submission to it on the terms substantially granted to the. Confederate Com- mander-in-Chief. The great work which the Union army had gone forth to do was fully accomplished, in the thorough putting down of all armed resistance to the national authority, and in enforcing obedience to the laws over every foot of the national territory. The soldiers occupation, therefore, as soldiers was thence forth gone. What remained for them was to return to the homes they had left, resume their citizen s garb, and with Peace smiling upon the land, engage again in the various industries of civil life, which, in their case, the ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. iS/ long- contest had interrupted. The happy change which they had longed for was now near at hand, and the joy which they felt and expressed with such heartiness at the ending of the war, was all the livelier by reason of the prospect of soon mingling again in the peaceful scenes and occupations of home-life. But this wide-spread joy was speedily displaced by a grief and gloom no less profound and extended. Fol lowing closely in the wake of Lee s surrender, came the appalling event of the President s assassination. The country lifted one day to the loftiest height of triumphal exultation, was plunged on the next, as it were, into the deepest gulf of dejection and sorrow. Such sudden extremes, the circumstances attendant on each con sidered, have hardly a parallel in the history of nations. The pall spread over the land by the assassin s deed, made everything look gloomy. The public mind was oppressed with a sense of uncertainty and foreboding. How if this bloody act, which made a nation mourn, should represent the spirit and thought of the defeated section ; of what use then to grant terms of peace, to those whose submission to the government meant nothing beyond enforced obedience to a hated authority ? But such dark view, if held at all, soon gave place to brighter and more hopeful ones. The atrocious deed came to be looked upon as that of an individual, aided by a few like-minded accomplices, maddened by his passions of hatred and revenge and as such deserving only the execration and abhorrence of every upright mind. No honest Confederate failed to see and express, that in Mr. Lincoln s death, the South lost a friend whose gentle nature and kindly-wise counsels, would, I 88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. if he had lived, have been of inestimable benefit to them in the future shaping of their interests. Our returning soldiers soon became possessed of liberal and generous sentiments in regard to their late foes, whom, having met face to face in open combat, they were disposed now, that their fighting was over, to befriend by kindly words and offices, as General Grant had set them the example. Thus the fevered public pulse gradually recovered its tranquil beat. The wheels of the govern ment, often sorely tested before, suffered no clog from the dreadful blow which struck down the nation s Chief Magistrate in a critical time. And the disbanding of the army, consequent upon the close of the war, went on as though nothing had occurred to disturb it. The soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, after April the 9th, realizing that their ser vices in the field were no longer needed, turned their faces thenceforth homeward, where their expected arri val at an early day was awakening much pleasurable excitement. A couple of months, however, were to intervene before expectant " lovers and friends" would grasp the hand of their " boys in blue," giving them a "welcome home" with a warmth and heartiness that would make the day of return an ever-fragrant mem ory. This, however, will appear in its proper place. Meanwhile the regiment, after several days of rest, fol lowing Lee s surrender, began to take its way by slow marches toward Washington, en route to its Northern home, reaching Manchester, near Richmond, in the early part of May. It passed by the late Confederate capital without entering it, which was a great disap pointment to the men, who naturally had a strong desire ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 189 to visit it, and moved forward toward Fredericksburo-. & Thence, by quiet and comfortable marches of about fifteen miles a day, it reached Alexandria, within sight of the national capital. The regiment lay in camp here awaiting the day appointed for a great review in Wash ington, in which it was to share, of the veterans of Grant and Sherman, soon to be discharged from the service of the country. Preparations were now making for this grand military display, which was to take place on the 23d and 24th days of May. On the former of these days the Army of the Potomac, headed by Gen eral Meade, was to parade through the principal street of Washington, while on the 24th General Sherman and his army were to march along the same broad avenue, the most magnificent in America. The expected event had been heralded through the press of the coun try, and immense numbers of people from all parts came thronging into Washington to witness the extra ordinary spectacle, the like of which the eyes of the American people had never gazed upon before. General Sherman, in his " Personal Memoirs," has given a lively account of the superb pageant, some extracts from which, for their intrinsic as well as historic interest, may fittingly be inserted in the present narra tive. The notice bestowed on the Army of the Poto mac is not so full as the members of that noble army might like to see. But the General was most concerned with the record of his own army, which he had led in triumph from Atlanta to the sea, and thence to Wash ington, and it was quite natural that these veterans should occupy the main part of his description. What he says of the appearance, marching and soldierly qual- I 9O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ities of his bronzed and war-worn legions, will apply just as well to the gallant veterans who had fought and conquered under Grant s immediate command, and therefore the whole account of Sherman is given as equally applicable to all the heroic men who, on both days of the parade through Washington, were greeted with the applauding shouts of the uncounted multitudes which had gathered there to gaze upon them. Says General Sherman : On the 1 9th, I received a copy of War Department Special Order, No. 239, Adjutant General s office, of May i8th, ordering a grand review, by the President and cabinet, of all the armies then near Washington ; General Meade s to occur on Tuesday, May 23d, mine on Wednesday, the 24th. " By invitation I was on the reviewing stand, and witnessed the review of the Army of the Potomac, (on the 23d,) commanded by General Meade in person. The day was beautiful and the pageant was superb. Washington was full of strangers, who filled the streets, in holiday-dress, and every house was decorated with flags. The army marched by division in close column around the Capitol, down Pennsylvania avenue, past the President and cabinet, who occupied a large stand, prepared for the occasion, directly in front of the White House. During the afternoon and night of the 23d, the Fifteenth, Seventeenth and Twentieth corps, crossed the long bridge, bivouacked in the streets about the Capitol, and the Fourteenth Corps closed up to the bridge. The morning of the 24th was extremely beautiful, and the ground was in splendid order for our review. The streets were filled with people to see the pageant, armed with bouquets of flowers for their favorite regiments or heroes, and everything was propitious. Punctually at nine A. M., the signal-gun was fired, when, in person, attended by General Howard and all my staff, I rode slowly down Pennsylvania avenue, the crowds of men, women and children, densely lining the side-walks and almost obstructing the way. We were followed closely by General Logan and the head of the Fifteenth Corps. When I reached the treasury building and looked back, the ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y. S. VOLS. I Q I sight was simply magnificent. The column was compact, and the glittering muskets looked like a solid mass of steel, moving with the regularity of a pendulum. We passed the treasury building, in front of which and the White House, was an immense throng of people, for whom extensive stands had been prepared on both sides of the avenue. As I neared the brick house, opposite the lower corner of Lafayette Square, some one asked me to notice Mr. Seward, who, still feeble and bandaged for his wounds, had been removed there that he might behold the troops. I moved in that direction and took off my hat to Mr. Seward, who sat in an upper window. He recognized the salute, returned it, and then we rode on steadily past the President, saluting with our swords. All on his stand arose and acknowledged the salute. We left our horses with orderlies, went upon the stand, where I shook hands with the President, General Grant and each member of the cabinet. I then took my post on the left of the President, and for six hours and a half stood, while the army passed in the order of the Fifteenth, Seventeenth, Twentieth and Fourteenth corps. It was, in my judgment, the most mag nificent army in existence sixty-five thousand men, in splendid physique, who had just completed a march of nearly two thousand miles in a hostile country, in good drill, and who realized that they were being closely scrutinized by thousands of their fellow-country men and by foreigners. Division after division passed, each com mander of army corps or division coming on the stand, during the passage of his command, to be presented to the President, cabinet and spectators. The steadiness and firmness of the tread, the careful dress on the guides, the uniform intervals between the companies, all eyes directly to the front, and the tattered and bullet-riven flags, festooned with flowers, all attracted universal notice. Many good people, up to that time, had looked upon our Western army as a sort of mob ; but the world then saw and recognized the fact, that it was an army in the proper sense, well organized, well commanded and disciplined, and it was no wonder that it had swept through the South like a tornado. For six hours and a half, that strong tread of the Army of the West, resounded through Pennsylvania avenue ; not a soul of that vast crowd of spectators left his place ; and, when the rear of the column had passed by, thousands of the spectators still lingered to express their sense of confidence in the strength of a gov ernment which could claim such an army." 192 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. The regiment remained in the vicinity of Washing ton several days after the " grand review," awaiting transportation to the North, which, on account of the great bodies of troops also traveling homeward, and waiting to be transported, could not be furnished with out some delay. At length, on the 4th of June, in the words of an officer of the regiment, " only after great trouble, at six o clock in the evening, with the men packed like cattle in box cars," the regiment rolled away from Washington, and reached Philadelphia the next morning. Here they found a repetition of the old hospitality which had cheered them, and tens of thou sands of their comrades, nearly three years before, when on their way to the front. The doors of the Union Soldiers House of Entertainment, known and extolled through all the land, were thrown open to them, and they were bidden to enter and partake of the bountiful breakfast spread before them by the same generous hosts, whose kindness to the defenders of the nation seemed to know neither stint nor weariness. An account in a former chapter* of the character and degree of Philadelphia s hospitable offices to the soldiers, ren ders further detail in this place unnecessary, as the sol diers hearty and grateful appreciation of these timely courtesies, thus repeated, needs no further description to body it forth. Leaving Philadelphia, the regiment arrived at New York in the evening, its progress from city to city being a continual ovation. Gratitude to the soldiers on their return, bearing as they did the marks of the battle-fields * See Chapter Second. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 193 through which they had passed to the crowning tri umph, effervesced in the popular heart, and found -expression in spontaneous shouts and cheers. On arriving at New York the regiment was entertained by the State, Colonel Vincent Colyer representing the commonwealth, as host. An account of its leaving New York, of its passage to Kingston and its reception there is given by Chaplain Hopkins, who accompanied it, and who thus pleasantly describes what he saw and shared : "We were delayed till noon at this place (New York), but at last we got away and marched triumphantly down Broadway. Our band had been increased by sixteen pieces from the division band, and played splendidly. Our flags, one tattered and small, and the other a new one, covered with the names of our battles, were cheered again and again. We cleared the omnibuses out of the street and marched with company front. The men marched splendidly, and Broadway quieted its bustle for a moment to look and applaud as we passed along. To our immense disgust we were obliged to go to Hart s Island, twenty miles up the East river. The regiment did not .get away from there until the next noon. We came up the Hudson on the Thomas Cornell, an elegant boat, and were delightfully enter tained on board. It was a moonlight night, and all were happy as we passed the familiar headlands. Our reception at Rondout, the following day, two miles from Kingston, was glorious. The town was out to greet the returning heroes. We were crowned with flowers; every. soldier had a bouquet in the muzzle of his gun, and the officers were loaded down. The fire companies paraded, every bell in town was rung, cannon were fired, and every possible demon stration of joy was indulged in. There was one grand triumphal arch with inscriptions of praise and welcome, over which a live eagle flapped his wings, and many smaller decorations. The hotels, stores and private houses vied with each other in the profusion of their patriotic adornments. At the Academy green a banquet was pro vided, songs of welcome were sung, an oration of welcome pro nounced and a fitting response made by General Sharpe." This brief account conveys the regiment to Academy 13 I 94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. green, without detail of some local circumstances which stamp a special interest upon the day and the ceremo nies that crowned it, and which deserve a fuller description, even though it repeat a little what has been said before. The citizens of Kingston had for several weeks, since the war ended, been looking forward with lively inter est to the return of the One Hundred and Twentieth. A meeting had been called to make preparations for a suitable reception of the regiment. The meeting was large and enthusiastic. Colonel T. B. Gates, of the old Twentieth, was chosen chairman, and P. Harlow and J. R. Poland secretaries. A committee of some forty was appointed to carry out the wishes of the meeting. It says, among other things : " We are advised by tele gram that the One Hundred and Twentieth left Wash ington on Sunday morning. The noble boys are entitled to a magnificent welcome, in consideration of the battles they have fought, the trials they have endured, the heroic achievements they have won. Let every one in town and county make ready to cheer the brave hearts of those who have stood up so manfully and zealously in defense of our national life and liber ties. They deserve all the honors we can bestow upon them, as some small indication at least, of our gratitude and sense of patriotic obligation." The officers of the day appointed for the reception were Hon. William S. Kenyon, President ; George F. VonBeck, L. A. Sykes, Jansen Hasbrouck, Marius Schoonmaker, W. H. Romeyn and H. G. Crouch, Vice- Presidents ; Colonel T. B. Gates, Marshal. A proces sion was arranged, consisting of the Kingston Fire ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1C) 5 Department, civic societies, schools, etc., General Sam son and staff with company L, Twentieth New York State Militia, and citizens. In Rondout, Hiram Schoon- maker and John Derrenbacher, aids to the Marshal, had charge of the line. The regiment landed from the steamer Thomas Cor nell, Friday morning, June Qth. It was saluted by the Union gun squad and the cheers of a large concourse of citizens, while bouquets were showered upon the veterans like rain. Tears trickled down many a cheek, and a thousand voices uttering " God bless you " went forth from overflowing hearts. A procession being formed, marched to the upper part of the town, through Rondout (now Union) avenue to St. James street. Here a massive arch, trimmed with evergreens and flowers, had been erected, and on the top of the arch was a Temple of Liberty, on which sat a live eagle. On one side were names of the prin cipal battles in which the regiment had been engaged, with the words " Heroes of the One Hundred and Twentieth, Welcome," while on the other side were the words " Union, Victory, Peace." The order of march was then continued through Kingston, finally halting at the Academy green, where a stand had been erected for the speakers, and a table, filled to overflowing with sub stantial viands, had been spread out. The regiment was formed in a circle around the stand, and the Presi dent, Hon. W. S. Kenyon, announced the opening of the exercises. The first exercise was a song entitled " Victory at Last," sung by a class of children. Prayer was then offered by the Rev. John Lillie, D. D., after which the Hon. Theodoric R. Westbrook was intro duced, who made the following ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ADDRESS. General Sharpe, Colonel Lockwoo d, officers and soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, New York State Volunteers : To me has been confided, by the citizens of the Thirteenth Con gressional District of New York, the pleasant task of bidding you welcome to your homes. In discharging the duty, I confess at the outset, the poverty of language adequately to express their feeling and mine. We remember this day, the high and holy cause which, nearly three years ago, caused you to leave your homes and to endure the dangers and privations of a hundred battle fields. We remember that that cause was not one of conquest, nor of unholy ambition, but that it was the cause of our country of the preservation of our constitution, the precious legacy of our fathers, and of republican government. The obligation which you then took, freely and vol untarily, to serve your country well and faithfully, we bear you wit ness this day has been most faithfully and honestly discharged. In proof of our testimony, we point a world to every principal battle in which the Army of the Potomac participated, from that of Fred- ericksburg, in which your valor was first formally tested, to the grand consummation of the surrender of Lee and the capture of Richmond. With sorrow, and yet with pride, we look to your thinned ranks, and remember that those who once stood side by side with you sleep in honored graves, stretching all the way from Gettysburg to Burksville. Hallowed be the ground where those, our dead soldiers, sleep ! By them we will kneel in future days and place thereon the wreath of immortelles. We point also to those colors, weatherbeaten, tattered and torn by shot and shell, but never yet lowered, and never surren dered, and brought home with you this day as proud and triumphant trophies of your valor and prowess. Brothers and friends, we welcome you as conquerors ! No armed traitor foe to-day treads the soil of the great republic. The old flag again floats from the walls of Sumter, where for the first time in its history it was compelled to be lowered ; and over every inch of national territory, from the lakes to the Gulf, from the waters of the stormy and boisterous Atlantic to those of the mild and gentle Pacific. And as we gaze upon its folds, as the flag floats out upon the breezes of heaven, we see every star shining brightly thereon as in days of yore, and every stripe untarnished and undimmed. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. IQ7 We welcome you as heroes ! Yes, even as our fathers in the olden time greeted their brethren from the fields of Lexington and Bunker Hill, Saratoga and Yorktown, so do we greet you. They fought to establish this government ; you to maintain and preserve it. Their names are inscribed high up upon the roll of fame ; yours are written side by side with theirs, and are equally dear to us. Hereafter, when the virtues arid patriotism of our children need to be quickened, we shall point them to your noble and heroic deeds, and ask them to imitate you. A higher example than this could not be given, and the world s history will never furnish a purer or better. We welcome you as our sons, brothers and kinsmen ! We are not only proud but happy this day at your return to us. The old seat at the family table, and the old chair around the family fireside, shall, thank God, be again occupied. Sit down, weary ones, who have borne the heat and burden of these days of battle and carnage, under your own vine and fig tree, and repeat to us the history of the thrilling events in which you so nobly shared. The tear of gratified affection will start unbidden from the eye, as you rehearse to us how, with numbers inferior to his, you met the invading foe at Gettysburg, sending him reeling and broken back to Virginia, thus contributing to make the fourth day of July, 1863, ever memorable in history. Tell us of these terrible battles in the Wilderness, at Spotsylvania, and at Cold Harbor, and in the trenches around Petersburg and Richmond, and as we hear your loud shouts of victory re-shouted, we will fold you in our arms of love, remembering that we are honored in you, who are "bone of our bone, and flesh of our flesh." Freely disclose to us the proud feeling of duty faithfully discharged you experienced when, a few days ago, you marched in triumph through the national capital, your soldierly bearing witnessed with admiration by the President, your commanding General -and thousands of your fellow countrymen. Tell us how you felt, with the sunshine of victory lighting up your bronzed features, as you gazed upon the representa tives of emperors and kings, looking in dismay upon these republican bayonets which had carried victory over half a continent, and crushed out treason forever with the strong arm of loyal citizen-soldiers. Fear not that we shall weary with the recital, for as the General whose name you have made immortal looked with an eye of pride upon your soldier tread, and saw reflected in yours the same bright 198 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. light of triumphant feeling, our hearts beat in sympathy with yours, for it was kindred blood coursing there. Finally, we welcome you to share our last acre, and our last loaf. That we possess them is owing to your bravery and fidelity. Vou stood between us and the traitor foe. Your bodies were the ram parts which sheltered us and our loved ones on the day of battle and of death. Peace, blessed peace, thank God ! lights up our mountain tops, and its bright rays are reflected in our valleys and glitter upon our lakes and our rivers. In presence of these assembled thousands, we acknowledge you as the instruments of that kind Providence, which have produced this grand result, and saved republican liberty for an oppressed world. Rest, brethren, kinsmen, friends, from your labors, and may the Great Supreme make the remainder of your days as peaceful and as happy, as your past days have been glorious and sublime. This address, which was listened to with deep atten tion by the assembled multitude, was appropriately responded to in behalf of the regiment, by General Sharpe, who then, by request, presented an elegant sword, the gift of the citizens of Kingston, to Colonel Abram L. Lockwood, who had been in command of the regiment since the resignation of Colonel Tappen, before Petersburg. Colonel Lockwood, in fitting terms, expressed his grateful acknowledgements. Alter this, a prayer was offered by the Rev. Mr. Osborne, and the ceremonies of a day, fraught with interest and pleasure, alike to soldiers and citizens, were brought to a close. CHAPTER XIX. AFTER THE WAR SOLDIERS CHANGED INTO CIVILIANS CAMP HABITS AS AFFECTING CHARACTER AND LIFE AT HOME FEARS OF EVIL FROM THIS SOURCE NOT REALIZED UNION VETERANS CREDITABLE RECORD IN PEACE AS IN WAR REGIMENTAL UNION FORMED BY THE VETERANS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH ANNUAL REUNIONS HELD ADDRESSES DELIVERED BY NOTED GENERALS AND CIVILIANS LETTER OF GENERAL SHERMAN THE REGIMENTAL UNION AIDS IN CONTRI BUTIONS FOR SOLDIERS BENEFIT MEMORIAL OBSERVANCE IN HONOR OF COLONEL TAPPEN TRIBUTES BY GENERALS GEORGE W. SHARPE AND THEODORE B. GATES. The change from soldier to civilian, on the part of the hosts who had for several years formed the army of the Union, marked a sharp transition. It was a change easily accomplished. It brought joy to the soldier s heart, and to the heart of a nation wearied with the war and yearning for peace. It seemed full of promise for the future well-being and interests of the various localities from which the soldiers had been drawn, and to which their return would impart fresh animation, .activity and strength. All this was a reasonable presumption. Yet fears were entertained by some that the disbanded soldiers distributed among the communities of the land, might not prove an unmitigated benefit. The life in camp and field had been widely different from that which the men .had led before enlistment. Tastes and habits might have been acquired in several years campaigning, 2OO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y. S. VOLS. not to be laid aside as easily as the soldier s uniform. These tastes and habits might be such as to unfit men for the sturdy, every-day employments of industrial life. The noise, bustle excitement and frequent moving to and fro, attendant on soldier life, might have a factitious and unsettling influence, and serve to render the quiet, steady and fixed occupations of home-life, distasteful if not irksome. The soldier s daily maintenance in the field, more over, being provided without toil or forethought on his own part, a strong stimulant to personal exertion for support, is taken away. The condition of getting sup plies from the government without personal concern or effort on the soldier s part to provide them, may be difficult to break or change on a return to the ordinary tasks of civil life. Hard service in the field, with hard and sometimes precarious fare, has tempted soldiers to pillage and to take an enemy s property with the strong hand when opportunity offered, regarding this as right, or at least, not a grievous wrong. This propensity may cling to a man after the soldier s harness has been laid aside, making him a not very desirable member of society. Shut out for years from the refinements of home and female society, daily conversant with wounds, bloodshed and death on a large scale, hearing irreve rent, vulgar and profane language tend all of them, to make men long exposed to such influences, coarse and rude in their manners, steeled against human suffering and regardless of moral restraints. And should habits of this kind have been formed, and carried into order- loving and God-fearing communities, the effect for evil might prove very deleterious. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2OI These unhappy consequences of long wars have fre quently been pointed out as constituting not the least of the tremendous evils growing out of them, and such results have certainly marked many of the great wars of the past. And the prediction of many thoughtful people seemed warranted, that similar results would be witnessed again at the close of our recent great conflict. But the fact has not verified the prediction. The great mass of our soldiers, when their services in the field were over, resumed, with good will and resolute pur pose, the various pursuits of peaceful industry which opened to them, and which many had simply laid aside, for a time, while they obeyed the call to take up arms in the country s defense. Whether the sacred cause in which they had enlisted so elevated their sentiments and whole course, or the high character of the citizen- soldier volunteers forming the bulk of the nation s superb army, so guarded them against depraving seduc tions, or whether their previous education or home-sur roundings had made them " steadfast and immovable" in the right path whether each or all of these produced the result, it is certain that the soldiers of the war, for the most part, returned from it as they went into it, not simply loyal and true to the country, this was a matter of course, but as brave, honest, high-minded, self- respecting men, ready to take their places among the toilers of the land, to promote, in common with all good citizens, the highest good of community. There may be, and no doubt are, exceptions to this pleasing representation, but the rule is as I have described it. And for an illustration of this statement, it needs only to look upon the veterans of the One 2O2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, as they gather year after year, on the 22cl day of February, at their annual reunion, to be convinced how faithfully and successfully the various offices of civil life have been performed by the men, who, a few years ago, stood in the ranks among the country s armed hosts. And what is true of the regiment referred to, is true of the representatives of the thousand regiments which are wont to assemble periodi cally, all over the North and West, to celebrate a strug gle and a triumph in which all bore a part. This Regimental Union referred to, deserves to occupy a little space in the present narrative. It was not formed directly on the close of the war, but a few years afterwards. The propriety of forming such Union , had been considered from time to time, and an earnest desire expressed by former members of the regiment to effect it, and at length, as a result of a published call, a meeting of a number of its late officers was held on December 26th, 1868, at Hauver s Hotel, Kingston. The chairman of the meeting, Colonel George H. Sharpe, stated the object of it to be, the formation of a regimental association ; whereupon, on motion of Colonel Tappen, it was resolved that the name for the associa tion should be, " The One Hundred and Twentieth New York Regimental Union." On farther motion of Colonel Tappen, it was " ordered, that all persons who have held commissions in the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, and have been honorably dis charged therefrom, are eligible for membership in this temporary organization." A farther resolution offered by Major Everett and carried, provided, that " all men who were at any time honorably discharged from the ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2O^ \J service of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, New York Volunteers, shall be eligible for membership in the One Hundred and Twentieth New York Regi mental Union." To effect a permanent organization, a committee, con sisting of Major Everett, Colonel Tappen and Lieu tenant Lockwood, was appointed to make nominations for officers. The committee reported and the following officers were chosen and the organization completed : President General Sharpe. Chaplain H. H. Hopkins. Corresponding Sec y Lieutenant J. H. Lockwood. Recording Sec y Adjutant Russell. Treasurer Colonel Tappen. DIRECTORS. Colonel Lockwood, Colonel Westbrook, Colonel Scott, Captain Snyder, Captain Holmes, Lieutenant Greene, Lieutenant Rosa, Lieutenant Drake and Major Thomas. A committee, consisting of General Sharpe, Colonel Westbrook and Colonel Lockwood, was appointed to draft a Constitution and By-laws, to be reported at the next meeting of the association. The next meeting was held at Music Hall, Kingston, December I4th, 1869, at which the Vice-President. Colonel Westbrook, presided, who opened its proceed ings with prayer. The committee appointed at a former meeting to draft a Constitution and By-laws for the association reported. The work of the committee was 2O4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. approved, and a series of laws and regulations for the government of the members adopted, which the asso ciation found, and has continued to find, adapted to all the purposes for which the organization was formed. The Regimental Union has held regular annual meetings from the time of its formation till the present. These meetings have been uniformly well attended, and have proved reunions of great interest and pleasure to the veterans, many of whom living widely apart, have found these seasons the only opportunity of the year for greeting comrades, having so many memories in com mon of the eventful past. The appointed time for the annual meeting was at first, the i3th of December, the day of the Fredericksburg battle. This was afterwards changed to February the 22d, Washington s birth-day anniversary, which, for several years past has been the day of the gathering. Several of these occasions have been marked by the presence of prominent actors in the war, or men distinguished in other walks of life, by whom addresses were given, to the delight of the vet erans as well as of the audience composed of citizens from without, brought together to hear them. Thus, at the meeting in 1868, the Rev. H. H. Hopkins, the former honored chaplain of the regiment, delivered an address, followed by the redoubtable warrior, General Hooker, who was present as a guest on the occasion. In 1871, the annual meeting was addressed by the dashing and renowned cavalry leader, General Judson Kilpatrick. At the next reunion in 1872, which was held at Catskill, the gallant soldier and commander, General Stewart L. Woodford, pronounced the oration. In 1876, the reunion took place at Rondout, the members being ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2O5 welcomed by Mayor Lindsley, and the eloquent lec turer and divine, the Rev. E. H. Chapin,D. D., deliver ing a lecture on John Hampden. On the next year, 1877, at Kingston, the famous John B. Gough, lectured before the association, At the annual meeting, Feb ruary 22d, 1888, a public entertainment was given by the Regimental Union, at the Armory, an admission fee for a patriotic object being asked. The orator of the evening, was General Stewart L. Woodford, followed by an address from the illustrious leader of the " March to the Sea," General W. Tecumseh Sherman, whose presence and speech aroused much enthusiasm. His letter in reply to the invitation to visit Kingston and address the veterans of the One Hundred and Twentieth, at their annual reunion, is so characteristic, and interesting in itself and its association with the writer s great name, that every reader will thank the courtesy that has furnished it for publication, as it now appears for the first time : " FIFTH AVENUE HOTEL, N. Y., ) January I5th, Sunday. ) " DEAR GENERAL SHARPE : " I have your most kind letter of yesterday, and assure you that with reasonable care for my personal comfort, I am more than willing to do all a veteran should for the comrades of earlier and better days. "On examining my book of engagements, which resembles that of a dentist, I find that on February 2ist, I am promised to attend the Association of Harvard Graduates, at Delmonico s ; that I am not committed for the night of February 22d, a most appropriate day for you at Kingston ; therefore, put me down for the chances. " Don t dwell so much on the pretty girls. I have had my day, and must surrender them to younger fellows, but count on me 2O6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. because of love for you and other comrades which grows in strength with years. "It is just to you, however, to state that I have my share of family troubles unknown to the world. Mrs. Sherman is not well ; is now with my daughter Rachael on a visit to our married daughter, Mrs. Fitch, at Pittsburgh, intending to be back here February ist. Her illness alarms me at times and may compel me to keep near her. "Also my sister s husband, Colonel Moulton, is now at the Arno House, critically ill, keeping us in a nervous state. " But if able, I will come to Kingston by the West Shore line, on the train which leaves Weehawken at 11:45 A - M -> an d arrives at Kingston, at 2:35 p. M., after which I shall depend on you to send me back to Weehawken the next day, ice and the acts of God always excepted. " Inasmuch as I was born in February, I cannot reproach George Washington for appearing at such an inhospitable period of the year in northern latitudes, subjecting his admirers to such contingencies, but the probabilities are I shall be on time." Your friend, W. T. SHERMAN. The audience drawn together on this occasion, was, it need hardly be said, as large as it was enthusiastic. The proceeds of the meeting, amounting to $25o, were given to the Ulster County Soldiers Monument Asso ciation, for the purpose of aiding in the erection of a monument in honor of the soldiers and sailors of the county. The work was then in progress, and has since been completed, the monument, an ornament to the city and a credit to the county, standing in front of the city hall. The members of the regimental Union, in addition to their annual winter meeting, have been wont to enjoy a summer picnic, since 18/9, on the 22d of August of which year, the first one was held at Binnewater, and was addressed by General George H. Sharpe. These ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. 2O/ meetings in the open air, cheered by the sights and sounds, with which prodigal Nature regales those who seek and love her society, have proved so enjoyable that none have wished to discontinue them. The meeting of the Union, on February 22cl, i88i> was held at the Armory, at the invitation of Pratt Post, which was holding at that time, an Army Fair, the avails of which were to be devoted to the interests of the Post, and to the benevolent objects which the Post was organized to promote. The membership of Pratt Post, one of the largest and most efficient Posts in the state, is composed, to a considerable extent, of the veterans who formerly served in the regiments that went forth from Ulster County. The members of the One Hun dred and Twentieth Regimental Union, therefore, took a lively interest in the success of the Pratt Post Army Fair, responding cordially to the invitation to be pres ent, and co-operate in carrying out the worthy object it was seeking to promote. The fair was a successful one, bringing twenty -five hundred dollars into the treasury of the Post, showing how warmly the sympathy and good will of the public were enlisted in its favor. At the meeting of the Association, in 1889, a paper on Gettysburg, at the request of the Union made at a former meeting, was read by Colonel C. D. Westbrook, who commanded the regiment on July 2d, 1863. The paper was a carefully prepared, discriminating and accurate account of whatever pertained to the position, action and surroundings of the regiment, in its engage ment on that celebrated field. It was listened to with marked attention and interest by the members of the Association ; and, at the dedication of the monument to 2O8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. the One Hundred and Twentieth, at Gettysburg, in 1889, to be noticed hereafter, the orator of the day, General Sharpe, speaks of his having availed himself freely of Colonel Westbrook s statements as reliable authority for many of his own descriptions of the battle. The first annual meeting of the Association, .held after the time of meeting was changed to February 2?d, was in 1875, at which time, the proceedings were of peculiar interest, embracing a memorial observance in honor of Colonel J. Rudolph Tappen, then recently deceased, and for a long time, the honored and beloved commander of the One Hundred and Twen tieth Regiment. Appropriate and touching tributes were paid to his merits and memory, by Generals Sharpe and Gates, and Honorable T. R. Westbrook. The report of Judge Westbrook s remarks has not been preserved. From the published address of General Sharpe and from that of General Gates, a brief extract from each, all that our limits will allow, is subjoined in honor of one whose life was so beautiful and death so widely deplored, and these short notices will form an appropriate close to the present chapter. After portraying in fitting and felicitous words the military career of Colonel Tappen, till he resigned his command of the regiment, General Sharpe adds : " Probably no better field officer left the army that day, or any other day during the war. He was admirably fitted to command a brigade and would have made his mark where so many failed. * Colonel Tappen returned home to succeed in winning in civil life, the same love and admiration which he had excited among his com rades. Soon after his marriage, he was induced by gentle influences to connect himself with a church which had not been the church of his fathers, and to it he gave the loyalty that he displayed in the ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2OQ interest of all his undertakings. From that time to the day of his death, his story is as well known to all of you as it is to myself. 11 Honored and respected in his business relations, his word the strongest obligation that he could make, every action distinguished by truth and honor, choosing the best side of every question that was presented, engaging in every good work, firm in his convictions, and yet amiable in all his social relations, he leaves the record of a char acter singularly spotless and well-balanced. He was always able to correct those who were under him, without leaving a sting to follow the reproof, and his army recollections were continually flowing out in graceful tributes to his comrades. Soon struck down by disease, the seeds of which he had brought from the army, he began that man ful contest of four years, during which he contested every inch of the ground with the enemy. In his last hours, he said to me, in a faint voice, there is not much left of me, but I mean to fight it out to the last minute/ " His disease sometimes overpowered him to such an extent as to cause his mind to wander, and then his memories all reverted to the old Army of the Potomac. How many times he fought over some of the battle-fields ! so often, indeed, that the one who was nearest in attendance upon him, is as familiar with these fights as if she had personally participated in them. But waking or in dreams, his words were full of trust in God and affection for his comrades." General Gates, who on Colonel Pratt s death, suc ceeded to the command of the " Ulster Guard," the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., a company in which regiment Colonel Tappen had commanded, pays this warm and graceful tribute to the worth of his former associate : " His disposition was social and genial, and it was pleasant to see his handsome and intelligent face in tent or by bivouac fire, on the march or picket line. It gave or took a welcome with a smile almost womanly in its sweetness. And yet, that face could on occasion, express the sternest resolution, the severest rebuke and the most determined courage. " I do not think Colonel Tappen was ever affected by the senti ment of fear. He appreciated, as other intelligent men did, the dan- 14 2 I O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. gers of the battle-field, but never with a sense of timidity. If, knowing the danger, and yet calmly confronting it, and exercising in the midst of it, every faculty of the mind, and improving every circum stance, the shifting scenes of the conflict may present to gain a vantage point against your foe, and by your demeanor to inspire your men with confidence, be the highest type of courage ; this Colonel Tappen had, in a marked degree. He never lost his mental equilibrium, never got flurried under fire, or showed signs of con scious danger or apprehension of defeat. In all the qualities of mind that constitute a man, a courage inspiring, discreet and reliable officer on the battle-field, Colonel Tappen was unusually well equipped. " In the pride of his strength and unimpaired manhood, he met and discharged every duty faithfully, intelligently, conscientiously. In these later years, when suffering and decrepitude had stripped him of his vigor, and made him less than a child in weakness and dependence, he was patient, submissive, uncomplaining. Thus, having been honorable and just in all his relations as a man, brave and loyal as a soldier, gentle and affectionate as a husband and a father, he ennobled and beautified the closing years of his life by a devoted and consistent service in the ranks of that great army whose weapons are not carnal, and whose Captain is the Lord, BATTLE MONUMENT AT GETTYSBURG. CHAPTER XX. GETTYSBURG AND ITS MONUMENTS THE GREAT BATTLE-FIELD GROWING IN THE NATION S REGARD THE NATIONAL CEMETERY THE UNION SOLDIERS BURIED THERE THEIR GRAVES HONORED AND CHERISHED MONUMENT TO THE SOLDIERS OF THE I 2OTH WHO FELL AT GETTYSBURG SURVIVING COMRADES REVISIT THE FIELD DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT GENERAL SHARPED ORATION WILL CARLETON s POEM. The field of Gettysburg can never lose the interest which attracts to it, by an overpowering magnetism, every patriotic heart throughout the country. The battle fought there was the greatest in our history, in the numbers engaged, in the length and desperate char acter of the conflict, and in the losses, whose effect reached out to nearly every household in the land. Great as these last were, the issues decided on that his toric field were greater and more momentous still. The invasion of the North, involving in its complete success the direst disasters to the nation, was decisively checked and rolled back. The hopes of the Southern Confeder acy to secure a separate government with the nations to recognize it, as the result of a great victory won there, were irretrievably blasted. The continuance of a nation, one and indivisible, growing in strength and prosperity through its unity, as opposed to two nations subjected to constant discords and collisions, with decay and ruin in the end for both, was here virtually decided. On this ground the cause of the Free Institutions was sig nally vindicated, the knell of slavery throughout the 2 I 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. land was rung, and the Union of all the States under one Government, as essential to the life and welfare of the whole, were all proclaimed, and made sure for the coming generations. Such gains as these secured by the gigantic struggle running through the first, second and third days of July, 1863, well deserve to lift Gettys burg into the preeminence it occupies among those historic places, which most strongly rivet upon them the craze of the world. <_> Such world-renowned places are wont to be distin guished by suitable memorials, as Bunker Hill by the imposing granite shaft which surmounts the spot hal lowed by the Revolutionary struggle there, Saratoga and Bennington by the noble monuments which record the achievements of the patriotic fathers, and so of many fields celebrated for kindred deeds. The commanding place which Gettysburg holds in the national regard, is attested by the multitude of monuments spread all over the ground, trampled by the combatants in those terri ble clays that the great conflict raged, as if the whole nation, rescued from its perils, turned its eyes instinc tively to the one spot where the decisive blow that secured triumph to the Union cause, was struck, and where honors should be paid in some proportion, at least, to the benefits conferred. This seemed to be the sentiment and feeling of the country. And according ly, soon after the war closed the work of monument- building began. Representatives of all the loyal States participated in it, as all these States had soldiers in the ranks in the great battle, many of whom returned no more to the homes from which they had gone forth to the war. The work went on from year to year until ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I 3 the whole ground on which the three days battles were fought, came to be studded with monuments. From the points where the first day s attacks were made, west and north of Gettysburg, all along Cemetery Ridge to the Round Tops, including the tk Peach Orchard," " Wheat Field " and " Devil s Den " at their front, em bracing a circumference of eight or ten miles, monu ments mark the spots where Union regiments, brigades, cavalry squadrons, batteries, etc., engaged in the con flict, or where some noted leader laid down his life for the country. These monuments erected by the sur vivors and friends of the various commands, sometimes by the counties or States whence the soldiers were drawn, present a wondrous variety of design and ap pearance. Many of them are elaborate and costly, though for the most part, in proper keeping with the sacred surroundings, while the inscriptions upon them, telling what service was done there, by the sons of what State, and how many died there in rendering it, are of profound and affecting interest. When the writer vis ited Gettysburg in 1888, there were two hundred of these monuments erected, and on a second visit in 1892, there were three hundred and sixty, and others still in progress so that the Gettysburg field has become a great National Mausoleum, with special attraction for every State having sons interred there, who died in maintaining an undivided Union. The remains of those who fell on these sanguinary days, lie in the common burial place on Cemetery Hill, near Gettysburg. Here a superb monument, erected by the Government, stands on the very spot where in 1 86^, President Lincoln s momorable address was deliv- 214 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ered, at the dedication of the National cemetery, in which he uttered the striking 1 words, "The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but will never forget what they did here." Another monument not far from this, and hardly less imposing, was recently erected by the State of New York, at a cost of $65,ooo, in honor of her many gallant sons who died here in the country s defense. A fine monument also stands here to General John Reynolds, the Bayard of the Union Army, killed just west of the Seminary on the first day of the battle. A smaller monument marks the spot where he fell. Spread over the ample area of the cemetery grounds, are the neat marble head-stones of several thousand dead soldiers, inscribed with the name, company, regiment and state belonging to each. The dead from each state are interred in a section of the ground separate from the others. Sixteen hundred of these stones, standing apart from the rest, bear the simple and sad inscription, "Unknown," indicating that those sleeping beneath, had, when buried, no marks to distinguish either name or associations. This is a marked feature in all the national cemeteries, and the reflections it awakens touch the heart very sensibly. The nation has taken these cemeteries under its own care, and guards the dust of those who sacrificed all to save it with the utmost vigilance and tenderness. Everthing is kept in perfect order, no vandal hand is suffered to mar or deface marble or tree or sward, and taste, skill and constant attention continue to make the grounds where these patriots lie, attractive and beau tiful. It is so over all the Gettysburg field which is owned by the Monument Association, who will not be ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I 5 likely to neglect their trust. The crowds of patriotic visitors constantly coming to view the field, will be sure to keep it free, if instinctive reverence for the dead did not, from any injury or desecration. A monument in honor of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, though not appearing on the Gettysburg field as early as many of the others, was sure to be erected there within a reasonable time. The surviving members of the regiment long enter tained and continued to cherish the subject of hon oring in this way the memory of their dead com rades, and waited only the fitting time to carry their purpose into effect. At the annual meeting of the Regimental Union held at Kingston, Feb. 22, 1888, the matter of the monument was brought formally to the attention of the members. After a full discussion it was determined that the work of procuring a suitable monument should begin at once, and should be com pleted and ready for dedication by June of the fol lowing year. To this end a special committee of ten, one from each company, was appointed to obtain designs for the monument, ascertain its cost, and pre pare the way for its completion. This committee, of which General Sharpe was the Chairman, was to act in conjunction with the Executive Committee of the Asso ciation ; their joint report to be presented at a subse quent meeting to be called, at an early day for the purpose. In accordance with this provision, a special meeting of members of the Association was held Dec. 8th, 1888, when the Committee on the monument reported in part. From several designs which had been submitted 2 I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. to them, they gave the preference to those of Frederick and Field of Ouincy, Mass., and recommended the adoption of the plans and specifications for the proposed monument, presented by this firm. The recommenda tion was approved by the meeting, and it was voted to make a contract with the said firm, to construct a monu ment according to the specified designs, and erect it on the field at Gettysburg, at a cost of twenty-five hun dred dollars. The State appropriation for each New York regiment putting up a monument at Gettysburg, covered $ i ,5oo of this amount, leaving $ i ,000 to be sup plied by the surviving members. This latter sum was distributed among the ten companies, at the rate of $100 each, all of them cheerfully assuming their several parts, thus guaranteeing the full discharge of the regiment s financial obligation. At the regular annual meeting of the Association on February 22d, 1889, the Chairman of the Committee before mentioned, stated that the construction of the monument had been duly begun, and carried on according to authorized directions, and that it would be completed by May ist, next following. He proposed that the members of the Union visit Gettysburg for the purpose of dedicating this monu ment in the ensuing month of June, the precise day being left for the Executive Committee to decide. This Committee moreover, were to make all the arrangements connected with the proposed excursion to Gettysburg. In discharging this duty, the committee fixed upon the 25th of June, 1889, as the day on which the monument would be dedicated. General George H. Sharpe, was chosen by the Association as the orator of the day, at the dedication services. A special train of ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I 7 cars was chartered to convey the members of the Union, and friends of the regiment to Gettysburg, leaving Kingston on the morning on the 24th, of which due notification had been made. On the early morning of this day accordingly, a large number of the veterans of the regiment, with their friends set out on their sacred mission, and reached Gettysburg on the afternoon of the same day, and took quarters at the commodious Spring Hotel, situated a few rods west of the historic Willoughby Run. On the next morning they explored the great battlefield, examining with deep interest the spots made memorable by the struggles of the mighty antagonists thereon in July, twenty-six years before. The monument was to be dedicated on the afternoon of this day, and with its presence for an inspiration, standing as it does on the very ground hallowed by the blood so freely shed of the regiment there on July 2nd, 1863. The rain unfortunately, which had begun to fall fast, interfered with this arrangement, making it necessary to have the dedicatory services con ducted within doors, the hotel furnishing ample accom modation for the purpose. Here, accordingly, the regimental gathering took place. After being opened with the usual formalities, and a prayer offered by the Rev. Andrew Schriver, the orator, General Sharpe, proceeded to deliver the following address, the interest and value of which, in its graphic details of the great battle of the war, and especially the part taken in it by the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, make it eminently fitting, as a close to the present narrative, to spread it out in full before the eye of the reader : 2 I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Comrades, Relatives and Friends of the One Hundred and Twen tieth : When the invitation, made with unanimity, and heartily pressed upon me, to make the address upon this occasion, was accepted, I felt that it could not have met my concurrence, had I been in actual command of the regiment on this eventful field. But my duties elsewhere with the Commanding General, and from points of observation enabling me to overlook, at different stages, the whole conflict of the two last days, permit me to render this service ; and to try to do justice to the valor of those with whom I was so intimately associated, officially, territorially, and by ties of blood, affection and friendship. Comrades, you are here to discharge a final tribute to the gallantry and fame of an organization, which reached the very highest standard in the resplendent galaxy of the historic Army of the Potomac an army that was criticised for not moving enough, but never for not dying enough. Your lines to-day appear, to the outward sense, as thin as on the -evening of that second day of July, 1863, when for hours you stood the storm of a conflict nearly unparalleled in modern warfare. But your lines are fuller than they seem to mortal vision. There are comrades with us who may not audibly answer to the roll call, but I feel they are here ! They are trooping here from yonder Cemetery Hill ; from many a field in Virginia made sacred soil by their blood ; from the ranges of the Catskills ; from the valleys of the Esopus ; -and from the banks of the Wallkill and the Hudson. Oh ! brothers ! we greet you ! My living brethren, you are here not only to hold communion with those to whom you once gave the touch of the elbow, but once again you are associated with a nation s heroes whom it is your right to claim as comrades. The thoughtful form of Meade is yonder on the ridge ; the quick eye of Warren is penetrating beyond the Emmettsburg road ; Hunt will clear away the murderous artillery that decimates your ranks ; Brewster and Burns are here to answer Graham s call ; Humphreys attests by his presence that the point you hold is vital to the safety of the army ; and Hancock will take care at the supreme moment that your sacrifice is not in vain. It is our duty and pleasure to welcome these our friends who come ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I 9 to rites recalling so much sadness and so much glory, to give us the companionship of sympathetic kinsmen and neighbors. They were bone of your bone, and flesh of your flesh, my friends, the men who here won imperishable renown ! The sturdy qualities, that enabled them to brave the blinding storm, were inheritances which you and they shared alike. We are proud of you, as you are proud of them ; and to-day your kindly presence refreshes our hearts, and seems to rep resent the generous feelings of our countrymen. By the ties of family and friendship you are entitled to take part in this ceremonial, and beside the satisfaction of kindly offices to your brethren, you shall have other compensations. The local emotions excited on this spot .are of the most elevated kind, unsurpassed in the world, except on the sacred spots of Palestine. Here the greatest deeds have been wrought, and here the most eloquent words have been spoken ; for here on these heights of Gettysburg, contemporaneously with Vicks- burg, were the crucial hours of that stupendous conflict, when it was settled, not for a day, but for all time, that government of the people, for the people and by the people should not perish from the earth. And here, too, when time had assuaged the bitterness of the .strife ; when twenty-five years had rolled by, since these hills had groaned and rocked under the thunder of five hundred guns, sur vivors of the Army of Northern Virginia came, by official invitation, to meet survivors of the Army of the Potomac, headed by two of Robert E. Lee s most illustrious commanders. On behalf of their comrades, who marched and fought under the Southern Cross, they came to accept the arbitrament and issues of the conflict; and if there was joy in heaven that day, it was in the heart of Abraham Lincoln as he looked down upon that field of Gettysburg ! The State of New York the proud mother of us all has recog nized the fitness of decorating this immortal ground. It would be a base nation indeed, that would contemplate the spectacle of her vic torious sons erecting monuments to their comrades and themselves. In the grim hour of trial those who were concerned in vast national and commercial interests trembled for the issue, and were profuse in their promises of reward to those who put life and limb in the bal ance. We will not seek to inquire whether these feelings have changed whether the sordid love of money has resumed its sway, and frames excuses for broken pledges ; certain it is, that the com- 22O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. rades of the heroes of the war lead the way in the commemoration of their deeds. Our great commonwealth provides a mimimum sum of money to enable each regiment to at least mark its place in the line, and this is supplemented by the free-will offerings of those who still remember the sacrifices of the soldiers. We have appealed, and generally not in vain, for assistance in this fraternal obligation, and the result is shown in the impressive monument which stands before you. To all those who gave us aid out of their abundance, or out of their frugal competence, we here tender our sincere thanks. The Pennsylvania campaign was a necessity to the Confederate army in Virginia. While its opponent had been beaten in two great battles within the preceding six months, the power of the North seemed to grow with its reverses, and the material resources of the South visibly declined. The inability of the insurgent section to repair and construct railroads, was strikingly apparent. The mechani cal energies and aptitudes of the North, which had been made the occasion of Southern taunt and sneer, were now coming forward to torment the insurgents, and the intelligent mechanics of the latter section, generally by birth Northern men, were the first to appreciate the coming dissolution of the slave power. It was rarely possible for General Lee to provide more than four days rations ahead, even when his army was lying at Fredericksburg, and the helpless failure of the Confederate Commissariat was already prefiguring the collapse which attended the break-up of Lee s lines about Petersburg and Richmond. One by one the Southern ports were closed by our gal lant navy to the introduction of foreign supplies. Would that the same gallantry and genius, animating our trained sailors of to-day, were provided with adequate means to compel respect for the nation whose flag Farragut bore at his masthead ! The English people under the leadership of John Bright, revered name ! gave their unflagging support to the Northern cause, but the aristocracy sympathized with the slave owners, while the miserable harlequin who masqueraded on the throne of France, in the vest ments of his supposititious uncle, was intriguing for the recognition of the Confederate States, if the concurrence of the British govern ment could be obtained, and that government was mainly in the hands of the aristocracy. It was believed that a successful invasion of the North would lead to cooperation by the French and English cabinets. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 2 I But a greater need was pressing at Richmond. Their people had been told that Vicksburg was an impregnable fortress, and it was cer tain that it was the last important point by which the rebel govern ment sought to control the father of waters, and maintain communi cation with the vast trans-Mississippi department. The Confederate people were still fed upon lies, but the administration knew that the genius and persistence of Grant were nearing an overwhelming suc cess, and that the days could be numbered when- the Mississippi would go unvexed to the sea. A great diversion was required, and if the Army of the Potomac which was the breastplate of the nation, could be shattered, the veterans of Grant and Sherman would be required to repair the dis aster. If Baltimore or Philadelphia were taken before Grant s army could be transferred, the war might be expected to end in a com promise ; and if Washington were captured, the rebel cabinet would occupy the public buildings of the Capitol, always the accepted evidence of ultimate authority in civil wars in Europe, and would be recognized as the government de facto of the United States of America. So when the battle of the first day at Gettysburg was brought on by the collision of a large and overwhelming part of Lee s army with the inferior forces at the disposal of Reynolds, the same reasons com pelled Lee to fight at a point farther from his base than he originally intended, provided Meade accepted the wager of battle. Lee could not go farther without giving his opponent a staggering blow, as he would then be more than one day s march from the South Moun tains, through whose defiles he had a secure retreat, with the power to protect his columns and trains by small detachments if he failed in complete success, as, in any event, he must substantially save his army. If he retired through Maryland into Virginia, he fell back again upon his scanty supplies ; foreign recognition was abandoned, and Vicksburg was left to her fate. Nor had Meade designed or desired to fight at Gettysburg. The line of Pipe Creek between Middleburg and Manchester was better adapted to cover Baltimore and Washington, and his depot, West minster, would be in the direct rear of his centre. The rank and file of Lee s army, no matter what he and Long- street thought, believed profoundly in their power to whip their 222 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. great antagonist to the point of disintegration. They had repulsed the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, after an obstinacy that seemed to admit of no denial, for the charge on Marye s heights was equal in gallantry and devotion to that of Pickett s division within our view, and they had driven the same army across the Rappahan- nock when Fighting Joe " Hooker, for inexplicable reasons, failed to fight his army. Looking to great, and perhaps decisive results, every nerve had been strained to convert the Army of Northern Virginia into the most powerful weapon the Confederacy could forge. Its ranks comprised as good fighting material as the world has ever produced, in a good cause or in a bad cause. The reputation of Lee, so considerable in Mexico and afterwards, that he was considered the legitimate suc cessor of Winfield Scott, had grown on the Peninsula, immeasurably advanced at the second Manassas, had reached a dazzling altitude at. Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and he was thought to be invincible. His three great infantry corps, each counting far more than any of ours, were severally equalized to the number of 25,000 men ; and his three lieutenant generals and nine division commanders were the product of West Point, veterans in service, and excepting two or three names, without professional rivals in the Confederacy. They were already hailed with the prophecy of victory. The Con federate historian of the Lost Cause says : On the plains near Culpepper were the preparations made for the great campaign. It was the beautiful month of May. All was bustle and activity ; the freshness of the air and the glow of expecta tion animated the busy scene. Trains were hurried up, filled with munitions of war; new and splendid batteries of artillery were added to the army ; the troops, as far as possible, were newly equipped ; and ordnance trains were filled to their utmost capacity. "The cavalry, 15,000 strong, were reviewed at Brandy Station;, crowds attended the display ; and General Stuart, the gallant com mander, whose only weakness was military foppery and an inordinate desire of female admiration, rode along the lines on a horse almost covered with bouquets. Nearly a week was consumed in reviewing cavalry, infantry and artillery. By the first of June, all was in readi ness, and the advance was ordered." J. E. B. Stuart, the Confederate Murat, fought on many another ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 22$ field untill he fell mortally wounded in his disastrous combat with- Sheridan, at Yellow Tavern ; " In the lost battle, borne down by the flying, Where mingles war s rattle with groans of the dying." Lieutenant General Longstreet continued to be a tower of strength to Lee, until he was named by the latter as one of the Commission ers to carry out the terms of the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia. Lieutenant General Ewell was captured with five other general officers, and the rank and file of his corps, by Sheridan at the desperate battle of Sailor s Creek, and Lieutenant General A. P. Hill, sustained his great reputation on every battle field until shot through the heart on the last day the Confederate lines were held before Richmond, when his body was carried to his home in Petersburg, a resting place to be occupied on the following morning by another Lieutenant General, commanding the armies of the United States ! The Confederate advance had been ordered on the first of June, and on the evening of the first of July, this host stood mostly on the ground now within our view, with hopes high advanced by successes in the valley, and by the defeat of the corps of the Army of the Potomac, commanded by Reynolds. But Reynolds, although greatly outnumbered, had fought with a skill and obstinacy that per suaded the enemy to believe the greater part of the Army of the Potomac was here, and Lee paused when perhaps he could have seized those heights, to await his divisions in the rear. In the afternoon Meade sent Hancock to replace the lifeless Reynolds and report upon the propriety of accepting this as a battle field, while whatever preparation he had made, looked to the line of Pipe Creek, for the reasons I have stated. I was lying on the ground in a corner of General Meade s tent at Taneytown, when Hancock s reply came, partially approving this line. The advantages of Pipe Creek were thought to be counter-balanced by the moral effect of joining our brave comrades who had fought here, instead of with drawing them, and giving the impression of a retreat. Meade boldly decided to advance his converging corps, and as soon as the orders could be written and forwarded, he mounted, and with his staff rode rapidly to the front. It was a moonlight night. We started before midnight and covered the distance of four- 224 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. teen miles by one o clock in the morning. And I recall with distint- >ness the solemnity of our reflections and discussions ! The issue was now joined. Had Meade retired to Pipe Creek, Lee, after the success of the first day, might perhaps have withdrawn to his base with his prisoners and spoils, and without vital loss of prestige. But when Meade daringly accepted the gage, Lee must fight here, and he must fight at once, for every day that he was com pelled to lie in order of battle, his further accumulation of booty was stopped, and his supplies were diminished ; and you and I know, comrades, that other things being considered, an army fights upon its belly. Content with presenting these general considerations, I shall now confine myself briefly to the part enacted by our regiment in this con test of giants, using unsparingly the careful paper lately prepared by Colonel Westbrook, with the consent of that accomplished officer. His professional education had eminently prepared him for a topo graphical study, and his intelligent command at Chancellorsville, and on this field, up to the time he was permanently disabled by his second wound, give entire assurance of his accuracy and discrimi nation. General Lee s left wing held the town of Gettysburg, and Ewell hoped to effect a lodgment on the right and rear of the Union line along the slopes, and at the base of Gulp s Hill. His plan of battle was a co-operating movement of his right and left wings, with men acing demonstrations on our centre, to prevent the troops therefrom reenforcing in front of his more serious attacks. Had his plans succeeded, Longstreet s and E well s corps would have met each other, on or near the Taneytown road, in the rear of General Meade s headquarters and of the centre of his army ; in the vicinity of our reserves of artillery and ammunition ; in reach of all our trains ; and .we should not have been here to dedicate a monument on the field of Gettysburg. Longstreet s prescribed order of battle, in which he did not agree, was on taking position with his magnificent corps on our left, to sweep up the Emmettsburg road, under cover of his batteries, and roll up our lines in the direction of Cemetery Hill. It was to be an oblique order of battle, in which the attacking line formed obli quely to its opponent, marches directly forward constantly break ing in the end of his enemy s line, and joining his rear. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 225 The Third Corps formation, in its second position, considerably thrown out in advance of the general line from Cemetery Hill to the Round Tops, with an angle at the Peach Orchard, favored the exe cution of such an order of battle. But, if in the progress of the attacking column, any physical or material obstacle is met, that can not be overcome by the attacking column, the oblique order of bat tle fails, as would any other ; and in the providence of God, it was given to this regiment to make such an obstacle, for successive and bloody hours ; melting away, but holding the line until other posi tions were sufficiently relieved, to permit Hancock to prevent its complete sacrifice. It was at four o clock in the afternoon that the bugle sounded, for the advance of the Third Corps, from the general line of battle of our army ; and as Longstreet s dispositions had just been completed for his oblique order of battle, the terrific attack made by his corps seemed to be in response to the invitation of that bugle call. I shall not here attempt a detailed description of one of the most desperate assaults made by that great soldier, in all the history of the redoubt able army of Northern Virginia. Our corps was struck at the southern base of Devil s Den, as if with the malignity of demons issuing from their fastnesses, uncl the attack then rolled up to the Peach Orchard and along the Emmettsbuig road to Codori s. The oblique order of battle was forging its way ! To support Graham at the Peach Orchard, Burling s brigade of our division, and every regiment of our brigade except our own, was removed ; the last withdrawn being Burns with the Fourth Excelsior, who charged the enemy with ringing cheers, following the lines of Graham, whose angle was broken about six o clock. The One Hundred and Twentieth was left stark alone. Advanc ing some fifty feet at this hour, to gain the partial proteciotn of a stone wall, the regiment laid down, and here some gallant spirits lost their lives while standing up to brave the fire and examine the movements of the enemy. Barksdale and Wofford having broken the lines of Graham, the former next proceeded to get our regiment out of his way, that the oblique order of battle might not be disturbed. But Barksdale could not get the One Hundred and Twentieth out of his way in time to make the combined movement a succcessful one in the two hours of daylight left. Though less than one hundred of our men came unharmed out of that murderous fire, this regiment 15 226 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. held the line until after seven o clock, when another regiment took its place, enabling the One Hundred and Twentieth to retire with Carr s- brigade, and it was while the two wings were being side-stepped to unmask the relieving force that Colonel Westbrook received his sec ond wound and was carried from the field. He was succeeded in command by that fearless soldier, John Rudolph Tappen, who left the army near the close of the war with a reputation for courage and capacity second to no other field officer in the Army of the Potomac. At the ridge, to which our regiment retired with Carr s brigade, it was confronted by the brigades of Wilcox, Perry and White ; our own men being opposite to Perry. Wright pierced our line on the right, and as this was the main line, the peril was extreme. But he was not supported ; Wilcox leaves- 500 of his i, 600 men on Carr s front ; Pender hurrying up to the right to restore the attack, is mortally wounded, Wright is hurled back by Webb and Stannard of the Second Corps ; the hour is 7:45 ; darkness is approaching, and the oblique order of bailie has failed. In explanation of this failure no accounts of the battle tell us what Barksdale was doing between the hours of 6:30 and 7:15. Dur ing this time Barksdale disappears from history to reappear again at 7.30 in front of \Villard, after marching a distance of 500 yards, over open fields encountering nothing but stragglers. During all the time the regiment was subjected to this fearful experience, there was but one movement and this was a refusal of the left. Doubleday says that when Birney assumed command of the Third Corps, after the wounding of Sickles, he ordered Hum phreys to move his left wing back, to form a new oblique line to the ridge in connection with his own (Birney s) division, and that he (Humphreys) was obliged, while executing the difficult manoeuvre of a change of front to rear, to contend with Barksdale s brigade ; and Humphreys was there, in the rear of our regiment and with ours only. General Hunt, Chief of Artillery, says that the angle of the Peach Orchard was broken towards six o clock, with great loss on both sides, that three of Anderson s brigades were advancing on Hum phreys, who received orders from Birney to throw back his left, form an oblique line in his rear, and connect with the right of Birney s division then retiring. Our regiment alone executed that manoeu- ver, and Humphreys and Brewster, our brigade commander, at ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 22J once took positions personally in the rear of our lines, Humphreys being mounted and Brewster on foot. DeTrobriand, writing lately, and after he had been able to examine all the other authorities, says that Humphreys position was gravely compromised after Graham had been dislodged from the Peach Orchard. The rebels outflanked his left, and they were moving to attack his front at the same time. Then with splendid coolness, and under a terrible fire, he effected a change of front without ceasing to carry on the combat. His right held on to the Emmettsburgh road (that was Carr s brigade), and his left extended towards Round Top in the direction where Birney wished to form a new line, and this undaunted left was the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. And DeTrobriand adds that this dangerous movement could not have been carried out, except with troops extremely firm, and at the cost of great sacrifices. Bravo ! DeTrobriand ! Did our regiment have any assistance in this trying hour ? From the shattered commands of Graham, there came a few who took position in our ranks, and some also with Brewster came to stand side by side with "the men who held the line." But if any other regiment, or battalion, or organized body did take part in this hold ing of the line, or in this change of front, so applauded by the his torians, let the claim be made, and, on fair proof, the One Hundred and Twentieth will ungrudgingly consent to share its laurels. We know something of Humphreys, and the country knows something of that great soldier when he afterwards became Chief of Staff, and succeeded Hancock in the command of the Second Corps. When, in the general confusion of the field, he placed himself in the rear of our ranks, standing alone on a line which had been stripped for the salvation of others, he proclaimed in the most affirmative manner that this was then the vital point ; and while he was powerless to afford relief except by his presence and example ; while death stared him in the face, and it did not seem possible to those who watched him slowly riding-in the rear of our formation, that he should escape, he chose to take his part with " the men that held the line." I can now add few incidents to illustrate the story. It is splendid in its simplicity ; and it was a square stand-up fight from first to last. As Wellington said at Waterloo, "Hard pounding, this, gentlemen ; but we will pound the longest/ The eye could not be 228 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. turned in any direction along our line without seeing men fall at every moment. All the details to these colors that we bring with us to-day, were successively shot down, yet none shrank from the honor of carrying them. They went down from time to time, to be immediately raised in defiance, and were sometimes borne by offi cers, as in the case of Everett, until another detail could be made. The national color was last committed by Major Tappen to the hands of Sergeant John I. Spoor, who carried it throughout the remaining conflict, and was recommended for promotion for con spicuous gallantry, immediately after the battle. When the staff was broken by a shot, Spoor placed one hand above the fracture, and thus held the color erect. Of the officers Ketcham first fell, refusing to take cover and brav ing the enemy s fire. Then Barker came from the left to report Barksdale s advance, and returning to his company had no sooner ordered his men up, and to fire, than he was killed by the return fire of the Mississippians. Then came the crisis of fate for Creighton, and Hollister, and Freileweh, and Burhans, and Carle, chivalric specimens of the best native, and adopted blood of Ulster and Greene. Of the last named, Carle, it is mournful to add that he was found two days later in a position where assistance had failed to reach him, still alive, but insensible ; and so he passed to rejoin his companions. The last officer killed was our much loved Willie Cockburn. He had been wounded, and was being helped from the field by his tentmate, when another ball struck him, and he informed his companion gravely, but with a touch of the old vivacity, that the hurt was mortal. In many cases wounds were concealed, and one officer was de tailed to assist General Sickles, who had himself been injured, and was fit for no duty except to encourage his men. When the regi ment retired at dark Captain Snyder and Lieutenant Turner, together, were with those bringing off the colors when Turner lost his arm, and Snyder became commander of the improvised color guard. On reaching the point where the remains of the five Excelsior regiments had gathered, Colonel Farnum was found in command, giving loud expression to the admiration of himself and comrades of that veteran brigade for the conspicuous gallantry and stubbornness of " the men who held the line," calling for the name of each officer and man for official recognition. The killed and wounded. 203 in number, of ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 22C) course made no answer, and of the rest some had gone in attend ance upon wounded comrades, and others may have been looking for tentmateson the field, but the names of those present were taken, and Major Tappen, Captain Snyder and Lieutenants Everett, and Simpkins, with eighteen men, made up the roll. I would that I could name them all ; all of those 203. who out of a total of 356 armed men and 27 officers, make a proportionate loss nearly unequaled on this immortal field. But since this cannot be, we dedicate this monument to-day to their everlasting memory. We dedicate it also to their comrades who joined them from other fields of victory and defeat ; to the memory of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ; of James City and Mine Run ; of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania ; of the North Anna and the Totopotomoy ; of Cold Harbor and Petersburg ; of Strawberry Plains and Deep Bottom ; of Poplar Spring Church and the Boydton Plank Road ; of Hatcher s Run and Tucker s House ; of the White Oak Road and Amelia Springs ; of Farmville and Appomattox Court House to them and to their glories, forever. How rich are treasures of the One Hundred and Twentieth in the clear upper sky! O, Brothers, whose valour is the occasion of this solemnity, bend an ear from the peaceful fields which are now your home and par don these last efforts of a voice which was not unknown to you! And we, who remain, shall draw from your example fresh lessons of virtue and self-denial, and patriotic endeavor. At the close of the oration, the following poem, writ ten for the occasion was read, in the absence of its author, by Mr. Egbert Lewis. Its patriotic sentiment and animated expression, instinct with the bright, yet tender memories of the late struggle and victory found, as the oration had clone, an echo in the heart of every listener. General H. W. Slocum, whose brilliant record as one of the prominent leaders in the war all the coun try knows, accepted the monument on behalf of the State of New York, in a brief and felicitous address, which does not appear here only for the reason that no 23O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH JV. Y. S. VOLS. report of it has been preserved. The monument itself, as designed and completed, is a " castellated tower of Ouincy granite, 28 feet high, surmounted by the Third Corps badge, and bearing also in bronze the arms of the State of New York, and inscriptions setting forth the record of the regiment in the battle, its strength and losses and the names of the twenty-two battles in which it was engaged." o o The Rev. B. C. Lippincott closed, with the benedic tion, the impressive ceremonies of the clay. THE POEM. THE MEN WHO HELD THE LINE. BY WILL CARLETON. Right brave the clash of the cavalry s dash, As it sweeps o er hill and plain, While bugles sing, and banners fling Their smiles to the glorious slain ; With footsteps solemn the serried column May grandly cross the field, While red gaps made by the ball s round blade, By heroes are swiftly healed ; The charge s story is full of glory, In history- wreaths to shine ; But bravest of all, we still must call The men who hold the line ! Tis brave to rush, in the onset s flush, With pride in the praise-strewn air, And woo the smile of the great guns, while You capture your rivals there ; ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 3 I The death-steep blade of the barricade To climb, on steps blood-bought, And raise to the sight rich colors bright, That tender hands have wrought ; Tis grand to ride on the battle s tide, And follow Victory s sign ; But bravest of all to fight or fall And steadily hold the line ! O men out there in the July glare, Who redden the green grass leaves ! This harvest-field gives bloody yield ; And dead men are the sheaves ! Your flags are dim in the smoke-clouds grim Or gleam with a costly stain ; At each gun s call, your brothers fall, And die, with a moan of pain. Ah, many a grief, past all relief, Must e en with victory twine ; But you who stand in that station grand, For God s sake, hold the line ! You fight, tis plain, with hand and brain, You strike with vision keen ; With every blow you feel and know What tis that you stand between ! Grim malice and rage your homes engage ; Destruction looms in view ; And all that you prize beneath the skies, May now depend on you ! For Heaven you fight, and defend the right ; Your blows are all divine ; O men that stand by the Union land For God s sake, hold the line ! They pray for you on hill-sides blue ; By the river s sweet cold tide ; They hover by ; and their hearts come nigh, And fight here by your side ! 232 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. Friends far away see you to-day The dead are looking on ; Angels are near ; and Heaven will hear By whom was this battle won. To-day will our land more firmly stand, Or sink toward decline ; A fame that endures forever is yours, If you but hold the line ! The battle is done ; the smoke-veiled sun Creeps low to a misty west ; Fair Victory s crown sweeps grandly down On those who have fought the best. Once more the tide of the foernan s pride Is rolled, like a torrent, back ; Rebellion s way, from this very day, Will creep on a downward track. Lift proud the head O living and dead ! You have compassed Heaven s design ! In every zone you shall e er be known As the men who held the line ! ROSTER AND RECORD OF THE One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS. 1862-1865. CONCERNING THE ROSTER AND RECORD. The following is a "Roster" of all the names borne upon the Muster-rolls of the Regiment, with a brief record of each, giving par ticulars in order, as follows : Name ; Age ; Date of Enlistment ; Place of Residence or Enlistment ; Transfer ; Date and Cause of Discharge ; Muster out ; Remarks. Such additions have also been made to the records and history of the men, as it has been found possible to obtain. ROSTER AND RECORD OF ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. V. FIELD AND STAFF. COLONEL. Sharpe, George H. Had been a Captain in the 2Oth N. Y. S. M., in the three months service. In the Spring of 1863, he was ordered upon the general staff of the Army of the Potomac, where he continued during the command of that army by General Hooker and General Meade. After the battle of Chancellors- ville he succeeded in making a cartel with the Confederates for the imme diate delivery to the U. S. authorities of the wounded left by the Army of the Potomac on the Chancellorsville battlefield. When Lieutenant General Grant came east and assumed the personal direction of the Army of the Potomac, Colonel Sharpe was assigned to duty on his staff, being detailed to headquarters of the armies operating against Richmond. He served person ally with General Grant in all the final operations of the war and until he was mustered out in June, 1865. Under the terms of surrender at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, he was designated to parole General Lee s Army of Northern Virginia. He was Brevetted Brigadier General U. S. V. in 1864, and Major General U. S. V. in 1865. LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. Westbrook, C. D. Had been a Captain in the 2oth N. Y. S. M. and served as Adjutant of the i2Oth during the organization of the Regiment. Being twice wounded at Gettysburg, he was honorably discharged in February, 1864. Tappen, Major John Rudolph. Had been a Captain in the 2oth N. Y. S. M. Was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and succeeded Col. Westbrook upon the latter s muster out. He had been wounded in the second battle of Bull Run, and was mustered out at the expiration of his full term of service in December, 1864. Soon after his death, which occurred January 20, 1875, a memorial ser vice commemorative of his life and character was held in Kingston, of which a full account was published. Was a Captain in the 2Oth N. Y. S. M., serving with them in the field, and was Commissioned Major in the !2Oth, and joined it shortly after its arrival in Virginia. Lockwood, Abram L. 25. June 15, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out with the regiment at Kingston June 3, 1865. Was promoted to Major, to Lieutenant Colonel and Brevetted Colonel of U. S. V. Was in command of the Regi ment during the latter part of its service, and was for a time assigned to the command of the 74th N. Y. V., and was also for a time in command of the nth Mass. Vols. Now living in New York City. MAJOR. Scott, Walter F. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Major February 4, 1865. Died at Chapultepec, Mexico, October 8, iSSi. 236 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. FIELD AND STAFF-Continued. ADJUTANT. Tuthill, Selah O. Resigned shortly after the battle of Fredericksburg, and was succeeded by Adjutant Russell, who continued as such until the end of the war. QUARTERMASTER. Coffin, Uriah H. Held the same position throughout the entire term of service with the Regiment. SURGEONS. Van Hoevenhurgh, James O. Resigned shortly after the battle of Fredericksburg. Van Steenburgh, Warner. Was appointed Surgeon March 12, 1863, and mustered out with the Regiment. Died at Troy. Brown, Edward A. Was mustered January 9, 1863, and resigned February 23, 1863. ASSISTANT SURGEONS. Collier, Henry A. Died in January, 1863 from the effects of exposure and unre- mitting labor and devotion to the men, and Assistant Surgeon Van Rensselaer was never mustered as such, preferring to remain a line officer in the 2Oth N. Y. S. M. Hogan, Edward K. Was mustered March 31, 1863, and was discharged August n, 1864. Miller, John N. Mustered September 10, 1862. Promoted to Surgeon 8ist Re<n- ment March 15, 1865. Died at Poughkeepsie. Ackley, Gustavus J. Mustered March 30, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment June 2, 1865. CHAPLAIN. Hartwell, Foster. Was discharged in December, 1863 on account of disability, and was succeeded by Chaplain Henry Hopkins, who completed the term of service of the Regiment. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. QUARTERMASTER SERGEANT. Barber, George P. Catskill August 22, 1862. Promoted 1st Lieutenant Co. K March 17, 1863. COMMISSARY SERGEANT. Cockburn, William J. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to 2cl Lieutenant. HOSPITAL STEWARD. Keyser, Joseph D. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863. Was a prisoner at Andersonville prison for many months. Mustered out with the Regiment. Died at Kingston August 13, 1875. DRUM MAJOR. Goeller, August. August 22, 1862. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. COMPANY A. Company A was organized at Kingston, N. Y., in July and August, 1862. The company was recruited by Captain Abram L. Lockwood, First Lieutenant James H. Lockwood, and Second Lieu tenant Edward H. Ketchum. The men were mostly from Kingston, Hurley, and Marl borough, and a few from other towns in Ulster County. After the Battle of Gettysburg, Captain Lockwood was assigned to field duty, and Lieutenant Lockwood served as Aide-de- Camp to General Mott. Lieutenant Ketchum having been killed in that battle, the company was without a commissioned officer, present for duty. The First Sergeant was also killed, and the Second Ser geant badly wounded. First Lieutenant John B. Krom, of Com pany C, was assigned to the command of the company about the 1 5th of July, 1863, and served with the company until about the ist of November, 1863. Captain Krom was much respected by the company for his soldierly qualities and gentlemanly bearing. First Lieutenant James A. Hyde, of Company G, was transferred to this company and promoted to captain, and commanded it during the last year of its service, with marked ability. The company partici pated in all the services and engagements of the regiment, and suffered severely from the fever which prevailed during the first winter of its service, while encamped near Falmouth, Va. Besides the wounds which proved fatal, seventeen others received wounds. On October 10, 1863, seventeen men were taken prisoners by the enemy, in the engagement at James City, Va. This company was deployed some four or five hundred yards in advance of the regiment, which accounts for its heavy loss. The original company consisted of: Commissioned officers 3 Enlisted men 96 Received by transfer, officers i 100 Of whom there were killed in action and died of wounds, commissioned officers i Enlisted men i o ii Carried forward i l 238 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY A-Continued. Brought forward 1 1 Died in rebel prisons 7 Died of disease in camp and hospital 1 1 1 8 Total deaths in service 2t> Discharged on account of wounds and disability ; Commissioned officers i Enlisted men 1 6 Discharged for promotion, commissioned officers. . 2 Discharged for other causes, enlisted men 10 29 Transferred : Enlisted men to Veteran Reserve Corps 4 Enlisted men to Company E i 5 Deserted 4 Mustered out at Kingston at end of war : Commissioned officers 2 Enlisted men 3 1 33 ICO Transferred from yist and 72d Regiments, N. Y. V. 30 Of whom there was killed in action 2 Discharged for disability by general order 4 Discharged for expiration of term of service 2 Discharged as supernumerary non-commiss. officers 3 Transferred to Navy i Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps i Transferred to 73rd Regiment, N. Y. V 14 Deserted before transfer to this company 3 3 The company received as recruits during winter of 1863 and 1864 17 Of whom there died in hospital i Transferred to 73rd Regiment, N. Y. V 16 17 Total enrollment 147 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 239 COMPANY A-Continued. CAPTAINS. Lockwood, Abram L. 25. June 15, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out with the regiment at Kingston June 3, 1865. Was promoted to Major, to Lieutenant Colonel and Brevetted Colonel of U. S. V. Was in command of the Regi ment during the latter part of its service, and was for a time assigned to the command of the 74th N. Y. V., and was also for a time in command of the nth Mass. Vols. Now living in New York City. Hyde, James A. July, 1862. Marlborough. Mustered out with the company at Kingston June 3, 1865. Promoted from First Lieutenant of Company G on June 4, 1864 and assigned to the command of Company A. Wounded May 31, 1864. Living at Milton, N. Y. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Lockwood, James H. July 15, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 30, 1865 on account of disability from wounds. Was wounded October 27, 1864, while serving as Aide-de-Camp on staff of General Mott. Living in Brooklyn, N. Y. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Ketcham, Edward H. July 15, 1862. Marlborough. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Brooks, Thaddeus C. 21. July 18, 1862 as Sergeant. Was promoted to Second Lieutenant and to First Lieutenant February 4, 1865, and transferred to Company I. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Prisoner from October lo, 1863 to April, 1864. Living in Jackson, Mich. Rosa, Levi. 29. August n, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Entered service as private. Promoted to Corporal August 22, 1862 : to Ser geant January nth, 1863 ; to First Sergeant January 23, 1864 ; Second Lieu tenant February 4, 1865 ; First Lieutenant May 17, 1865. Prisoner at Libby, Belle Isle, Andersonville, etc., from October IO, 1863 to November 20, 1864. Living at Kingston, N. Y. FIRST SERGEANTS. Snyder, John S. 38. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Markle, Alexander. 30. July 26. Hurley. Died April 2, 1865 of wounds received in action March 25, 1865. Robinson, George. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged October 15, 1864 as supernumerary. Kittle, Hiram D. 21. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Discharged June 3, 1865. Promoted to Sergeant January I, 1865 ; to First Sergeant April 3, 1865. Living at Glenford, N. Y. SERGEANTS. Burger, Henry. 22. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863, and died at Andersonville June 6, 1864. Markle, John W. 18. July 28, 1862. Hurley. Died of fever January 11, 1863 near Falmouth, Va. Temple, Truman. 21. July 18, 1862. Hurley. Discharged G. O. No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Promoted to Sergeant. Wounded July 2, 1863. Taken prisoner March 25, 1865. 24O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY A-Continued. SERGEANTS Continued. Cowdrey, Clinton. 25. July 21, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal. Wounded July 2, 1863. Promoted to Sergeant April 3, 1865. Living at Kingston, Sawkill P. O. Cudney, Joseph H. 22. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Wounded May 10, 1864. Promoted to Sergeant March I, 1865. McGinnis, James. Transferred from 72d N. Y. Y. Discharged October 15, 1864 as supernumerary. Marsh, William H. 22. December 22, 1863. Transferred from ;2d N. Y. V. and transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. June I, 1865. CORPORALS. Dubois, Charles D. 22. August 15, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. May 16, 1865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Living at Jersey City, N. J. Dumond, Charles. 22. August 1 1, 1862. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 till close of the war. Living at Hurley. Jones, Lucius. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V., and transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. June I, 1865. Ketcham, Charles E. 19. August 7, 1862. Maryborough. Died in field hospital February 3, 1863 of fever, near Falmouth, Va. Maines, Fraley. 23. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal. Pris oner from October 10, 1863 until May, 1864. Again taken prisoner March 31, 1865. Exchanged and discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Died 1886. Mogel, Frederick. 22. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V., and transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.June I, 1865. Moscrip, Jehial. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Killed in action March 31, 1865. Palen, Jonathan. 23. July 31, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Promoted to Corporal April 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Died at Samsonville, N. Y. February 3, 1892. Rowe, Frederick P. 21. July 21, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Promoted to Corporal March I, 1865. Prisoner from July 2, 1863 to September 20, 1863. Living at Kingston. Rowe, Chauncey H. 21. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Discharged from Camp Parole, G. O. No. 77 April 28, 1865. Promoted to Corporal. Taken pris oner March 31, 1865. Died in Kingston March 13, 1892. Simmons, John A. 39. July 21, 1862. Kingston. Died in field hospital December 21, 1864. Weed, George W. 35. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Discharged March 2, 1863 . for disability. Living at West Hurley. Williams, George. 35. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged as super numerary. MUSICIANS. Ealfe, Frank. 17. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Taken home while sick and afterwards enlisted and served in another regiment, and was honorably dis charged. Died December 7, 1889. Belonged to G. A. R., and was buried with the honors of the order. Reinhart, Richard M. J. 16. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at King ston June 3, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2/J.I COMPANY A-Continued. PRIVATES. Arnold, Aming W. 31. April 12,1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Boice, Samuel. 21. August 13, 1862. Olive. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863, and died from the wounds at 3d Corps hospital May 30, 1863. Beadle, Jesse. 18. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3,1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Kingston. Baldwin, John II. 32. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Died since. Brodhead, James D. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Wounded May 3, 1863 at Chancellorsville. Badgley, George W. 27. August, 13, 1862. Olive. Disappeared June 28, 1863, while on march to Gettysburg. Never since heard from. Bundy, David A. 41. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Discharged January 5, 1863, on account of physical disability. Burger, Hiram. 35. December 28, 1863. Hurley. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Living at West Hurley. Buley, Wesley. 21. January 11, 1864. Olive. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Bernard, Fritz. 20. Transferred from yistN. Y. V,; transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Boggs, George A. 27. October 28, 1861, Delhi. Transferred from 7 1st N.Y. V. Discharged November 7, 1864 by reason of expiration of service. Living at Stamford, N. Y. Conlon, Patrick. 21. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston Tune 3, 1865. Served with Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Was wounded. Was accidentally killed October 8, 1888. Was a member of the G. A. R., and was buried with the honors of the order. Countryman, Robert H. 26. August 18, 1862. Warwarsing. Died at Ander- sonville August 5, 1864. Christiana, George. 35. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died in hospital Sep tember 25, 1863, of wounds received in action July 2, 1863. Cobbett, John. 22. Transferred from ;ist N. Y. V. Discharged October 19, 1864 by reason of expiration of term of service. Duncan, William H. 22. August 5, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kings ton June 3, 1865. Wounded October 14, 1864. Dumond, Edward B. 19. August 6, 1862. Hurley. Discharged December 26, 1864. Disabled by loss of left arm at siege of Petersburg, Va. Living at Fishkill, X. Y. Dumond, Conrad W. 24. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville Prison August 14, 1864. Dumond, Philander W. 21. August 6, 1862. Hurley. Died July 31, 1863 of wounds received in action July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg. Dumond, William C. 28. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Died February 14. 1863, of chronic diarrhoea. Doyle. Abram II . 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Died since. DuBois, John T. 24. August II, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Living at Olive. Delamater, William R. 30. July 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 5, 1863 from hospital on account of physical disability. 16 242 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY A-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Davis, Isaac. 20. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 11, 1864. Disabled by wounds. Davis, David. 34. August 4, 1862. Maryborough. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Davis, Daniel. 22. August 6, 1862. Marlborough. Taken prisoner October I o r 1863. Died in prison, at Belle Isle, March I, 1864. Davis, Ferris G. 21. August 6, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged January 5*. 1864. Disabled by wounds. Devoe, George. 35. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Drew, Philip. 40. September 29, 1862. New York. Transferred to Navy- August 27, 1864, by order War Department. Ellsworth, William H. 44. July 22, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Living at Hurley. Ennist, James. 18. April 12, 1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Freer, John J. 27. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1*865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Living at Stone Ridge. Farrington, Thomas H. 30. Transferred from 7 1st N. Y. V. Never reported for duty. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Fox, Joseph. 22. April 12, 1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V* Gridley, William. 21. December 10, 1863. \Voodstock. Transferred to 73d N, Y. V. V. Living at Woodstock. Gerhardt, Jacob. 55. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Herron, Charles. 19. August 5, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to November 20, 1864. Hughes, John R. 18. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action May 5, 1864. Hockrin. Nicholas. 43. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Hughes, George. 19. July 2, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Hughes, Daniel. 20. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged for disability by order War Department. Ingraham, Gilbert. 30. Transferred from 720! N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Joy, Peter Jr. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3/1865. Was wounded. Kittle, John E. 20. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Killed in action May 31, 1864. Knapp, Jerome B. 28. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Prisoner from October IO, 1863 to end of war. Died July 22, 1885. 4 Was a member of the G. A. R., and was buried with the honors of the order. Kimbark, John H. 21. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Died in hospital April 5, 1863 of fever. Keator, Alfred L. 27. January 1 8, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Was wounded April 6, 1865. Loncoy, George. 19. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77,. A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863, to end of war. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 243 COMPANY A-Continued. r R iv AT ES Continued. ^led in action May 3, Lockwood, John W. 35. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Died September, 1888. Was a member of the G. -A. R and was buried with the honors of the order. 27 Transferred from 7 2nd N - Y - V - Transferred to V. R. ric!:. 21. Transferred No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Laon, James. 24. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Moe, Ezra L. 21. August 6, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital by G O No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Moe George W. 22. August 7, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital bv G O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Moe, William H. 22. August 5, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Served in Battery K, 4 th U. S. Artillery. Living at Olive. Mains Abram. 19. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 7 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to May, 1864. Died at Kingston. Masten, Hezekiah. 21. August 1 1, 1862. Marlborough. Transferred to V. R Corps, for disability. Mackey, John H. 18. August 12, 1862. Marlborough. Died in hospital near falmouth, Va. January 5, 1863 of fever. Margenson, John. 21. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Wounded May 10, 1864. Miller, Henry. 30. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. No 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded November, 1862. Myers, Henry. 35. Transferred from jist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. McNamara, Michael. 37. Transferred from 7ist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73(5 Osterhoudt, Peter V. 24. July 31, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June Offerman. John. 33. Attica. Flass, Abram H. 31. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3,1865. Living at Amsterdam, N. Y. P!asc"t, John. 23. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Wounded, August, 1864. Oailiy, James. 23. Transferred from 7ist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. Rhodes, William II. July 30, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to November 20, 1864. Wounded, March 31, 1865. Ryan, James. 18. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Kingston. Rice, Julian D. 26. August II, 1862. Kingston. Prisoner October 10,1863, and died in Andersonville prison March, 1864. 244 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY A-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Rosepaugh, Dubois. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Prisoner October 10, 1863, and died in Andersonville prison July 4, 1864. Roe, William \V. 24. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Chancel- iorsville May 3, 1863. Rose, George M. August 13, 1862. Olive. Died of fever January 17, 1863 near Falrnouth, Va. Snyder, William. 34. August 5, 1862. Hurley. Discharged January 5, 1863 on account of physical disability. Living at West Hurley. Schryver, Richard P. 44. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kings ton June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October IO, 1863 to March 6, 1864. Shultis, Isaac E. 34. August 12, 1862. Woodstock. Died of fever December 20, 1862 near Falmouth, Va. Sickler, Gilbert D. 18. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 19, 1863 on account of physical disability. Living at Rondout, N. Y. Sears, Orrin D. 19. July 18, 1862. Shandaken. Lost near " Point of Rocks," Md. June 28, 1863, while on march to Gettysburg. Never heard from to this time. Simmons, David A. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Living at West Hurley. Smith, Philip. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Died in Hospital August 10, 1864 of chronic diarrhoea. Smith. William. 84. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Smith, John. 32. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Schrader, Jacob. 18. Transferred from 7ist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Spencer, Edwin. 24. January u, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 730! N. Y. V. V. Temple, Alexander. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Terwilliger, Elmore. 18. August I, 1862. Marlborough. Killed in action October 27, 1864. Terwilliger, Jeremiah. 18. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to November 20, 1864. Living in New York City. Terbush, Isaac. 40. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Died at Kingston April, 1887. Toth, Franklin. 23. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Died November 3, 1862 of fever. VanTassel, Elijah. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Veteran Re serve Corps. Wounded, May 3, 1863. Living at Saugerties. VanTassel, David. 27. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Dead. Van Leuven, John A. 43. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Died, May 10, 1865 of congestion. Van Velsen, Jacob W. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. \Vounded and taken prisoner October 10, 1863, and died in Andersonville prison March 20, 1864. Vill, Michael. 26. Transferee! from 7ist N. Y. V. Killed in action July 27, 1864. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY A-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Wolven, Andrew. 29. August 5, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kin -ston June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1*63 and May 10, 1864. Died at West Hurley, November 10, 1890. Was a member of the G. A. K., and was buried with the honors of the order. Wolven, Moses. 26. August 12, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Living at West Hurley. Wolven, Nathan. 24. August 6, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston Tune 3, 1865. Living at West Hurley. Warren, Austin I. 34. August 13, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Dead. Warren, Washington. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged from hos pital by G. O. No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded May 5,1864. W T hite, William. 32. August II, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Prisoner from July 2, 1863 to September 20, 1863. Wounded November 29, 1863. Died at Kingston January 4, 1892. Winchell, Gilbert D. 18. March 7, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Living in Illinois. Wade, John C. 24. January 24, 1864. Olive. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Warren, Henry, 21. January 25, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Wands, George R. 18. December 14, 1863. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. Wounded May 5, 1864. Living. Ware, John A. 29. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Company E, i2Oth York, William. 30. August u, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Milton. The following deserted from the Company : David A. Martin, James H. Dela- mater, Win. H. Lane, Win. D. Myers. The following were transferred to the Company, as deserters from the 7ist Regi ment, N. Y. V. : Patrick Dunn, Michael ilaverty, Chas. Partenheimer. 246 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. COMPANY B. Company B was recruited by Captain Simon S. Westbrook, First Lieutenant Rodney B. Newkirk, and Second Lieutenant Dumond Elmendorf. Captain Westbrook and Lieutenant Elmendorf were discharged for physical disability, and Lieutenant Newkirk was pro moted to Captain, and remained in command of the company until the close of the war. Second Lieutenant William A. Norton, of Company C, was promoted to First Lieutenant of the company, but did not serve with it, and was discharged for physical disability, August 28, 1863. First Sergeant Edgar Simpkins was promoted to Second Lieutenant, and to First Lieutenant. Ambrose M. Barber, Sergeant Major, was promoted to Second Lieutenant of this company, August 16, 1864, and to Captain of Company I, February 4, 1865. Albert Carr was promoted to Sergeant Major, August 22, 1862. Albert Rider was promoted Second Lieutenant, Company I, in Novem ber, 1863. The company entered the service with : Commissioned officers . _ . 3 Enlisted men 94 97 Of the number, there were killed in action or died from wounds 1 1 Died from disease and accident 13 Total deaths in service 24 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 13 Discharged for physical disability 13 Transferred for promotion 4 Reported as deserted 8 Mustered out with regiment, and by general orders. 35 73 97 Joined by transfer officer i In the later part of the year 1864, a number of recruits were received, and the re-enlisted men of the 7ist and 72d Regiments, N. Y. V., were transferred. Company B had an addition, in this way, of 66 men to its company roll, making the total number on the roll 164, although not more than one-half actually served with the company. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. The missing in action, deserters, sick and detailed men, of the yist and 72d, being taken up on the company s rolls. In all these com pany records the list of deserters is larger than it should be, as many of those reported as deserters on the rolls, fell out of the ranks, sick, and were sent to hospital, or taken prisoners by the enemy, and to this day the fate of many of them is unknown to those who should have heard from them if they were living, at the close of the war. Of the transferred men, there were : Killed in action ............................... 3 Died of disease ............................... 2 The following is a copy of the muster out roll of Company B, to which is added such other personal history as is available : CAPTAINS. "Westbrook, Simon S. 40. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged April 13, 1863 on Surgeon s certificate of disability. In 1864 he was elected Sheriff of Ulster county. He afterward held the offices of City Assessor and Justice of the Peace. He died December 29, 1891, aged 70 years. Newkirk, Rodney B. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. First Lieutenant, promoted to Captain April 13, 1863. Wounded March 25, 1865. Died in 1868, unmarried. The One Hundred and Twen tieth Regimental Union erected a Monument at his grave in the Sharpe burial grounds, in Kingston. LIEUTENANTS. Norton, William A. August 22, 1862. New York. Discharged August 28, 1863 on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Promoted from Second Lieutenant, Company C April 13, 1863. Now living in New York city. Simpkins, Edgar. 24. July 22, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from First Ser geant to Second Lieutenant April 13, 1863; First Lieutenant July 5, 1864. Detailed to draft rendezvous at Riker s Island, N. Y. in July, 1863. He remained on detached service till he lost his life by the burning at sea of the U. S. Transport General Lyon March 31, 1865. Elmendorf, Dumond. 37. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged April I, 1863 on Surgeons certificate of disability, and died at Kingston, 1876. Barber, Ambrose M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 4, 1865. Promoted from private to Sergeant November I, 1863 ; to Sergeant- Major May 5, 1864 ; Second Lieutenant August 16, 1864 ; to Captain. Com pany I, February 4, 1865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Present address, Brook lyn, N. Y. "Wood, James N. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans ferred to 73d ; not mustered. Discharged June 3, 1865. W 7 as promoted from Sergeant to First Lieutenant January, 1865. Wounded October 2, 1864. SERGEANTS. Folant, William H. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Promoted from Sergeant to First Sergeant November I, 1863. Commissi Second Lieutenant ; not nmsterea. Wounded at Poplar Grove Church, and in front of Petersburg. Residence Kingston, N. Y. 248 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY B-Continued. SERGE ANTS Continued. Philips, Stephen H. 32. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. Deserted from General hospital May 18, 1863. Elmendorf, Benjamin. 26. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 19, 1863 on account of disability. Present residence Hurley, N. Y. Gossoo, Ambrose S. 25. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 13,. 1865 on account of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa. July 2, 1862. Pres ent residence Pine Hill, N. Y. Atkins, Alfred. 23. July 26, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal March I, 1863 ; to Sergeant November I, 1863. Killed in action October 27, 1864. VanEtten, Mortimer. 36. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant March I, 1863. Died in general hospital June 5, 1863, from, wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Lawffer, Jacob. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 20, 1864 by G. CL No. 76 War Department 1863. Burke, John. 37. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant March 7, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Menger, Frederick. 31. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant May 20, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y.V. O Brien, William. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant November I, 1863. Wounded at Get tysburg July 2, 1863. Dean, James. 23. August 22, 1862. New York. Discharged June 3,1865. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864, as Corporal pro moted to Sergeant February 13, 1865. CORPORALS. Smith, Henry. 41. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Ranson, Albert H. 19. Augnst 3, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Absent sick. Taken prisoner May 5, 1864. Bray, Hilan. 24. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa. July 2,. 1863. Bishop, Barnett. 21. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Chancellors ville May 3, 1863. Merritt, Peter. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Absent sick. Died at Kingston December 4, 1886. Barham, John. 28. August 2. 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. Aug ust 10, 1864. Mallon, Thomas. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864; transferred to 73d N.. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865. Eck, Andrew. 33. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865. Laid, John. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Transferred to 730! Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865. Taken prisoner November 6, 1864. Berrand, Adam. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Promoted to Corporal March 7 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 249 COMPANY B-Continued. CORPORALS Continued. Gleason, Michael. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. 86, War Department. Loderhose, George. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 720! Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. 86, War Department. Dean, Henry W. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Piomoted to Corporal February 13, 1865. Mann, Peter. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. 86, War Depart- ment. Chase, Clarke. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 12, 1864. Promoted to Corporal March I, 1864. Died from wounds received in action May 31, 1864. Shirter, Richard G. 20. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from yist Regiment N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. Mustered out by G. O. 77, War Department. Taken prisoner March 25, 1865. Wounded No vember 5, 1864. MUSICIANS. McClung, William B. 19. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Died at Brandy Station,. Virginia March 4, 1864. Terwilliger, Aaron B. 30. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. April, 1864. Residence Kingston, N. Y. Dorse, John. 17. September I, 1862. New York. Transferred from 7ist N. Y. Y. July 7, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. King, Julius. 16. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864 transferred to 73d Regi ment N. Y. V. June, 1865. WAGONER. Deyo, James. 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865, Residence Lexington, N. Y. PRIVATES. Armstrong, Orrin A. 28. August 1.2, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out by G. O. 77, War Department. Wounded May 31, 1864. Died October 1870. Avery, Sniffin. 24. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Avery, George H. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from General hospital April, 1863. Brink, James D. 43. Tuly 28, 1862. Kingston. December I, 1863 transferred to V. R. C. Bannon, John. 27. July 26, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Buleye, William. 32. August II, 1862. Kingston. Died in general hospital December I, 1862. Burger, Peter M. 37. July 25, 1862. Samsonville. September I 1863 trans ferred to V. R. C. 25O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY B-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Bundy, James. 31. December 28, 1863. Kingston. Mustered out by G. O. 77, War Department. Recruit. Taken prisoner Novemter 6, 1864. Botz, John. 19. October 29, 1862. New York. June 20, 1864 transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Absent sick. Mustered out by G. O. 77, War Department. Barber, William H. 18. January 5, 1864. Kingston. Recruit, transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, ^1865. Bragg, Seneca S. 56. January 30, 1864. Recruit, transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Bailey, Oscar O. 16. January 16, 1864. Delhi, N. Y. Recruit, sick, general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77, War Department. Beach, August. 35. April 6, 1864. New York. Recruit, transferred to 73d N. Bowers, Christian. 45. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Brennen, James. 35. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Y. V. Transferred from 72d, transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Wounded. March 21, J 865, general hospital. Brockleman, Ernest. 28. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Sick in general hospital. Carson, Alonzo. 18. December 28, 186^5. Kingston. Recruit. Transferred to 7 3 d N. Y. V. Cochran, Thomas. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from yist N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Carson, George P. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged May 17, 1865. Wounded September 24, 1864. Discharged from general hospital May 17, 1 865 . Lost an arm . Crook, Alfred. 23. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Member Metropolitan Police in New York city. Carr, Albert. 21. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant-major August 22, 1862. Cole, Alfred C. 22. August n, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 5, 1863 on account of disability. Comvay, Peter P. 21. July 23, 1863. Kingston. Discharged November 27, 1862 on account of disability. Present residence Kingston. Clansman, Henry. 39. August n, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Discharged April 4, 1865. Coddington, William. 26. August 13. 1862. Kingston, Transferred to V. R. C. Discharged March 15, 1864. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Clifford, Jeremiah. 35. July 26, 1862. Deserted from regiment June 24, 1863. Returned to regiment and sentenced by G. C. M. to forfeit all pay then due, and to make good all time lost by desertion, and forfeit one-half monthly pay for the balance of his term of enlistment. Deserted from hospital February 13, 1865. Delamater, Lewis. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Dean, Allen G. 22. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Taken prisoner May 10, 1864. In general hospital Baltimore, Md. M. O. G. O. 77. Dicker, Daniel D. 33. August 12, 1862. Kingston. June, 1863. Transferred to ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 25 I COMPANY B-Continued. P R I v ATES Continued. Dates Henry. 44 July 24, 1862. Kingston. March 31, 1864 transferred to V. K. C. Died at Kingston July 2, 1890. Delisle, Daniel. 44. November 18, 1861. St. Clairville. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to V. R. C. February 15, 1864. Donovan, John. 38. August 2, 1862. Kingston. February 13, 1865 transferred Dawoldt, Daniel. 18. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y V. Deserted June 28, 1863. Surrendered March II, 1865, under President s proclamation. Dougherty, Bernard J. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Decker, James W. 28. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 14, 1863 on account of disability. Ellsworth, James P. D. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Y. R. C. March 15, 1864. Wounded May 3, 1863. Residence Hurley, N. Y. Ellsworth, Cornelius. 20. August 16, 1862. Kingston. Discharged Tune ^ 1865. Residence Hurley, N. Y. Elmendorf, Philip H. 42. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Discharged Tune v 1865. Died at Hurley, N. Y. Engalls, John. 19. August 26, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Sick at general hospital. Ennist, Stephen B. 37. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. to serve out time lost by desertion. Edmonds, Albert. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Y. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864, as absent without leave. Trans ferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. France, Howard A. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Fahey, Martin. 23. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Wounded. March 25, 1865. at general hospi tal. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Foster, Thomas. 23. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 7ist N. Y. V. as a deserter. Transferred to 731! N. Y. Y. Grant, William P. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from division hospital April, 1863. Hommell, Egbert. 21. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Haver, John W. 43. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Wounded May 31, 1864. Huson, Lewis. 24. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Hand, William. 33. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865. Hawser, Andrew. 21. September 27, 1862. Transferred from 720 N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Hampton, Joseph. 35. September 26, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Healy, William. 29. September 15, 1864. Substitute. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Hammond, David. 30. December 13, 1861. Delhi, N. Y. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged at expiration of service. Taken prisoner November 6, 1864. Hennes. John. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Y. Y. Trans ferred from 7istN. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. No. 86, July 7, 1864. 252 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY B-Continued. P R I V ATES Continued. Haver, George. 21. August 8, 1862. Samsonville. Transferred to V. R. C., September 30, 1863. Hansleifer, Conrad. 24. December 14, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia, V, V. Transferred from 72d N. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Haight, David P. 22. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Hager, Austin. 24. March 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d N. V. V. June 20, 1864. Died February n, 1865. Hornbeek, Johannis D. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Accidentally killed at Elmira, N. Y. February 17, 1865. . Ingraham, William. 19. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick in general hospital. Transferred to 73d Jones. Stephen P. 32. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Joy, William. 27. August n, 1862. Kingston. January 30, 1863; discharged on account disability. Residence Kingston, N. Y. Johnston, William. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Supposed to have been killed in action October 27, 1864. Joy, John B. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Died of disease January 6, 1863. Kelly, Jr., John. 22. August n, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Kelly, Edward. 19. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Krom, William H. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Chancellors ville May 3, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77. Kearney, Patrick. 44. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. April 28, 1864 discharged account disability. Karcher, John. 21. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick general hospital; transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Kennicutt, Ambrose. 33. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 8, 1863. Lassell, Richard. 43. December I, 1861. St. Clairsville. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to V. R. C. March 15, 1864. Martin, Hugh. 35. July 30, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence Kingston, N. Y. Markle, Martin. 20. July 28, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence Samsonville. Maidell, Joseph. 23. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Trans- ferred from 7 1st N. Y. V. McKinley, Thomas. 24. August 30, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Masten, Richard. 44. August 4, 1862. Kingston. February 19, 1863 dis charged on account disability. Markle, Cornelius D. 44. July 29, 1862. Samsonville. Honorably discharged August, 1863. Mayer, Edward. 24. July 4, 1861. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged at expiration of service July 4, 1864. Muller, Frederick. 28. March 28, 1865. New York. Recruit; transferred to- 73d N. Y. V. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2$\ \J COMPANY B-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. McBride, Lawrence. 31. September 5, 1864. Hartland, N. Y. Substitute Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Motz, David. 27. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V Trans ferred from 72d N. Y. Y. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Markle, Peter B. 19. January 14, 1864. Kingston. Recruit. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Miller, Solomon S. 37. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. Died January 5, 1863. Myers, Jacob. 28. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Died April 16, 1863. Middagh, George M. 31. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C September I, 1863. North, David. 23. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Deserted September n, 1862 Deserted July 2, 1863. Sentenced by G. C. M. to hard labor. Delivered to Provost Marshal. Osborn, William. 28. December i, 1861. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged at expiration of term of service. Peck, John. 35. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged on account disability April, 1864. Rowe, Abram T. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner at James City October 10, 1863. At Vicksburg discharged G. O. 77. Died 1879. Rappleyea, Isaac. 24. July 30, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Ray, Daniel A. 18. September 3, 1864. Pembroke. June 3, 1865. Substitute. Rider, Albert E. 17. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Company I by promotion November, 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg. Rudd, Harley A. 18. September 2, 1864. Lockport. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged on account disability May 16. 1865. Rafferty, Peter. 22. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station. Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 720! N. Y. V. Wounded Septe mber 18, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Rowe, William S. 22. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner October 27, 1863. Died June 13, 1864 at Andersonville. Roosa, John J. 20. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Killed November 6, 1864 be fore Petersburg!!. Roff, Joseph . 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 7 1st N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. First Sergeant until July 7, 1864. Died February 20, 1865 of wounds received June 12, 1864. Roff, John. 37. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 7ist N. Y. V. Taken prisoner June 2, 1864. Rowe. John H. 18. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Missing in action October 27, 1864. Smith, William II. 19. July 26, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded May 24, 1864. In general hospital at Alexandria, Va. Snyder, Abram. 43. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Storms, Isaac. 23. August 2, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. March, 1864. Shurter, John P. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. March 19, 1865. Smith, Leonard S. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Chancellorsville May 3 , 1863. 204 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY B-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Stroyer, John. 25. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 721! N. V. V. October 30, 1864. Died in general hospital December 14, 1864. Sutton, James O. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Died March 5, 1863. Scofield, Moses. 20. February 9, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans ferred from 7 ist N. Y. V. July 7, 1864 as a deserter. Transferred to 73d N. Thompson, John. 44. August 9, 1862. Samsonville. June 3, 1865. Adju tant s Clerk. Died March 28, 1891. Thomson, William H. 23. December 26, 1863. Jamestown. Recruit- trans ferred to 73d N. Y. V. Thomson, John G. 21. December 26, 1863. Ellytown. Recruit; transferred to 73 d N. Y. V. Timmins, John. 29. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d N. Y. N. Transferred to 73^! N. Y. V. Terwilliger, Tellarun L. G. 36. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. Died May 26, 1864 from wounds received May 5, 1864. Traver, John. 23. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Chancellorsville June 28, 1863. No discharge. Van Bramer, Wm. II. 22. July 23, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi dence West Hurley. Van Nostrand, Edwin H. 19. July 25, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi dence Kingston. Van Kleck, David. 23. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence Samsonville. Van Hoesen, Daniel. 45. January 27, 1864. Poughkeepsie. Recruit. Sick at general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Van Denmark. Josiah. 18. August II, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Vanderburgh, Peter. 24. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died January 12, 1863. Wineright, John. 24. August I, 1862. Kingston. Detailed with Battery K, 4th Artillery. Sick in general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Wright, George. 44. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Wolf, Frederick. 40. September 8, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 26, 1864. Wardwell, William \\. 20. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 7 1st N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. Missing in action October 27, 1864. Willett, Percy. 2$. February 2,1864. New York. Recruit; transferred from 7 ist N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. Taken prisoner March 31, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 255 COMPANY C. Was recruited at High Falls by Captain J. L. Snyder and Lieuten ant John B. Krom. It was mustered into United States service August 22, 1862, with three commissioned officers and eighty-nine enlisted men. It was the Color Company of the Regiment. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action or died of wounds received in action 5 Died prisoners of war 5 Died of disease 5 Total deaths in service x ~ Discharged for physical disability : Officers 2 Enlisted men _ () Total In the summer of 1864, it received by transfer from the yist and ;2d regimeiv.s 42 men and by enlistment at various times 18 recruits Of the additional members of the Company : Trure were killed in action and died of wounds. . . 4 Died prisoners of war. i Died of disease i Discharged by expiration of enlistment, etc 8 Transferred to V. R. Corps 2 Transferred to 73d regiment to serve out enlistment 29 Mustered out with regiment 15 i : Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 3 Transferred for promotion, officers i Transferred to V. R. C. , enlisted men 12 Deserted, enlisted men 7 Mustered out with regiment and by General Orders. 41 64 Total.. 60 Total enrollment 152 256 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY C-Continued. CAPTAINS. Snyder, Jacob L. 32. August 22, 1862. Kingston. February 8, 1865. Dis charged on account of wounds received in action October 2, 1864. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Clark, Richard W. 18. December 2, 1861. New York city. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72d regiment. Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant September 17, 1864; to 1st Lieutenant January 27, 1865 ; to Captain February 8,1865. Transferred to 73d regiment. Mustered out with regiment June 29, 1865. Residence, Toledo, O. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Krom, John B. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. January 9, 1864. Promoted to Captain Co. I. Norton, William A. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. August 28, 1863. Pro moted from 2nd Lieutenant April 13, 1863. Discharged tor physical disabili ty August 28, 1863. Residence, New York city. Van Wagenen, Louis B. 22. August n, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from Corporal to Sergeant April 13, 1863 ; to 2nd Lieutenant January 16, 1865 ; to 1st Lieutenant February 8, 1865. Residence, Rondout, N. Y. SECOND LIEUTENANT. Wilkinson, Joseph. 35. August 6, 1862. High Falls. August 10, 1864. Pro moted from Sergeant April 13,1863. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Wounded May 5, 1864. SERGEANTS. Snyder, Andrew. 24. August u, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from Corporal October 15, 1862. Wounded severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Promoted to Lieutenant. Not mustered. Died at Stone Ridge December 29, 1879. De Puy, Eli. 32. August 7, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Postmaster at Rosendale, N. Y. Wager, Henry G. 26. July 24, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Promoted from Corporal May 6, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg and at Wilderness. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Hill, William H. 20. August, n, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from Corporal January 20, 1865. Dead. Brown, Henry Lee F. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. January 20, 1865. Discharged to accept promotion. Transferred from 72nd regiment. Sullivan, Daniel. 23. August 18, 1862. High Falls. July 17, 1864. Severely wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Lefevre Falls, N. Y. Krom, James. 20. August 13, 1862. High Falls. May 5, 1864. Killed in action at the Wilderness. Masterson, Michael. 22. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. March 1 6, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C. San ford, Giles H. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 730!. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY C-Continued. CORPORALS. Devoejohn. 24. August 4, 1862. High Falls. November 10, 1862. Died at Dunbarton U. S. hospital, Georgetown. Stalls, Egbert. 26. August 7, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Auchmoody, Silas S. 18. August 15, 1862. Rosendale. May 2, 1865. Pro- moted to Corporal October 15, 1862. Discharged from hospital. Residence Omaha, Nebraska. Davis, Simon J. 19. July 28, 1862. Rochester. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. Absent in hospital. Residence, Greenwich, Conn. Tcrwilliger, Nelson. 24. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. Promoted November 6, 1862. Captured October 10, 1863. Absent, paroled prisoner. Residence Ellenville, N. Y. Brodhead, John. 18. August 4, 1862. High Falls. July 8, 1865. Promoted February 4, 1865. Severely wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863 and at Boydton Plank Road March 31, 1865. Residence, Kingston, N. Y. Ayers, Alfred N. 29. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd June 22, 1864. Transferred to 73d! Residence, Jamestown, N. Y. Stoddard^Hiram D. 25. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Young, James. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Residence, Jamestown, N. Y. Thompson, Isaac L. 18. August 14, 1862. High Falls. July 18, 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Died at McKimm hospital, Baltimore. MUSICIANS. Davis, Charles A. 18. July 25, 1862. Olive. June 3, 1865. Haines, Storm. 24. August 14, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Died at Rosendale. PRIVATES. Addis, Daniel. 25. August 13, 1862. Wawarsing. Captured October 10, 1863. Absent, paroled prisoner. Alvord, Leonard. 18. September 12, 1864. Genesee Falls. February 12, 1865. Recruit. Wounded October 27, 1864. Died at Annapolis general hospital. Avery, John S. 33. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. May 9, 1864. Deserted. Bodley Hiram. 20. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. Captured October 10, 1863. Died a prisoner of war at Richmond. Baker, George B. 19. August 8, 1862. Marbletown. July I, 1863. Died o typhoid fever at Roosevelt hospital. Brink, Edward O. 21. December 30, 1863. Kingston. June 17, 1864. Re cruit. Died of wounds received in action. Bunton, Jacob E. 33. August 12, 1862. Rochester. Missing in action May 5, 1864. Never heard from. Burns, Rufus A. 24. July 23, 1861. Jamestown. July 23, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Burns, Charles. 26. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. May 3, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. 17 258 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY C-Continued. PR I V ATES Continued. Benjamin, John A. 26. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. February 3, 1865. Wounded. Discharged from Satterlee hospital. Barber, Edward B. 27. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd June 22, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Binnson, James. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Carney, David. 18. January I, 1864. Kingston. August 24, 1864. Died at Harwood general hospital from wounds. Carney, Richard S. 30. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. October I, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, High Falls. Carney, William. 40. February 13, 1864. Kingston. November 10, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Carney, Sylvester. 18. February 22, 1864. Kingston. June I, 1865. Wound ed ; absent in hospital. Transferred to 73d. Charles, John. 18. August 14, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Residence, Kingston. Charles, George W. 26. August 6, 1862. High Falls. October 2, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. Died at High Falls Sep tember, 1882. Carman, Henry C. 18. August 13, 1862. High Falls. Absent in hospital. Died April 8, 1887. Chase, William H. 21. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. Absent in hospital. Residence, Kysenke, N. Y. Crane, William. 18. July 31, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Constable, Cornelius B. 22. August 1 1, 1862. Marbletown. December i8 r 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded. Countryman, Jacob. 30. August II, 1862. High Falls. October I o, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded at Gettysburg. Christiana, Jacob. 20. January 27, 1864. Kingston. June I, 1865. Trans ferred to 73d. Residence, Kripplebush, N. Y. Dingee, Enoch. 23. August 13, 1862. Gardiner. July 10, 1863. Residence^ Gardiner, N. Y. Davenport, John J. 22. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. September 22, 1863. Residence, Kyserike, N. Y. Davis, George C. 19. August 21, 1862. Marbletown. October 10, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded at Gettysburg. Davis, Simon. 27. August 18, 1862. Gardiner. November 25, 1862. De serted. Durham, Abram E. 24. August 4, 1862. High Falls. May 23, 1864. Cap tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Duffy, Owen. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i r 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Devoe, Clinton C. Enderly, Isaac A. 23. August 11, 1862. Gardiner. February I, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Embree, Matthias. 18. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. June 6, 1865. Dis charged for physical disability. Eckholm, Adolph. 18. January 28, 1864. Carroll. June I, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 25$ COMPANY C-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Flood, Terrence. 19. May i, 1861. New York. August 3, 1864. Cast, Cornelius. 19. February 22, 1864. Kingston. June i, 186?. Trans ferred to 73d. Garrison, Peter. 41. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. January 7, 1863. Died of Garrison, Isaac L. 23. July 28, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1863. Discharged for physical disability. Residence, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Garrison, George W. 18. March 22, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Absent sick. Transferred to 73d. Gunsalus, Jacob R. 23. August 8, 1862. Rochester. Detailed to N. Y. Draft Rendezvous July, 1863. Residence, Tuthill, N. Y. Hill, Joseph D. C. 23. July 25, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Residence Wallkill, N. Y. Harrigan. Thomas. 22. July 21, 1861. Jamestown. July 23, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Hendricks, William H. 20. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. July 2, 186^. Died of wounds. Hornbeck, Jacob. 21. January 13, 1864. Albany. June i, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Hard ford, Matthew. 24. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. Transferred from 72nd July 3, 1^864. Transferred to 73d. Moos, Cyrus S. 18. March 22, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Transferred to 73d. Kelder, Felter. 38. August 8, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Residence, Accord, N. Y. Krom, Lorenzo. 19. August 8, 1862. Marlbletown. June 3, 1865. Kripple- bush, N. Y. Krom, William H. 23. August II, 1862. Marbletown. September 21, 1863. Discharged for physical disability. Died May 26, 1869. Krom, James. 34. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. July I, 1863. Wounded at Chancellorsville. Transferred to V. R. C. Krom, Isaac B. 23. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. September 26, 1863. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Kellott, John. 26. August 19, 1862. New York. May 24, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Lil lie, Hasbrouck. 17. August 21, 1862. Kingston. September 22, 1862. Discharged on account of appointment to the U. S. Naval Academy. Latimore, Peter. 19. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. October 10, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Mclntyre, Robert. 42. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. July 22, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Died from wounds received May 2, 1864. Meeham, Thomas. 43. August i, 1862. Marbletown. July 7, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Munson, Erastus H. 18. August 15, 1862. Rochester. Deserted July i, 1863. Markle, Louis S. 24. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Pro moted to Sergeant-Major September i, 1864. McGinness, Charles. 20. August 14, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Res idence, High Falls, N. Y. 26O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY C-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. McGinness, James \V. 24. August n, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. McKenna, John. 26. August 31, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. McKenny, Benjamin D. 44. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. Absent, sick. Moore, Nathaniel C. 18. September 3, 1864. New York. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Monroe, Dorr. 18. August 14, 1862. Marbletown. May 15, 1865. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Marlor, James O. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Munson, John E. 18. December 3, 1863. Kingston. June 7, 1865. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. McCauley, Patrick. 25. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1st. Absent, wounded. Transferred to 73d- Mullen, John. 20. December 25. 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. Mee, James. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. Mathews, John. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1 st. Transferred to 73d. Newkirk, John. 36. August 15, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Binnewater, N. Y. Osterhoudt, John H. 22. August 5, 1862. Marbletown. Deserted February 6, 1863. Osterhoudt, Simon P. 21. August 9, 1862. Marbletown. November 6, 1864. Killed in action before Petersburg. Osterhoudt, Benjamin S. 31. August 3, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1864. Died a prisoner of war at Andersonville. Osterhoudt, Abram. 30. August 13, 1862. Marbletown. September 10, 1863. Discharged for physical disability. Died September 25, 1863. O Connell, Thomas. 18. August 28, 1862. Jamestown. July 18, 1864. Died a prisoner of war at Andersonville. O Donnell, Bernard. 19. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1862. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. Otts, Philip. 25. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Oaks, David. 33. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. Platner, DeWitt N. 18. December 21, 1863. Ellington. June I, 1865. Wounded at Cold Harbor. Transferred to 73d. Purhamus, Cyrus D. B. 24. August 9, 1862. New Paltz. Severely wounded at Wilderness May 5, 1864. Residence, Rifton Glen, N. Y\ Pierce, George H. 19. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, High Falls, N. Y. Pickard, James II. 18. July 9, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 26 I COMPANY C-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Quick, Sylvanus V. 22. August 13, 1862. Marbletown. Tune 3, 1865. Resi dence, High Falls, N. Y. Quick, Henry. 27. August n, 1862. Marbletown. Deserted November 23, 1862. Quinn, Michael. 28. August 8, 1862. Rosendale. Deserted October 10, 1863. Rosekrans, Cyrus. 33. August 13, 1862. Rochester. February 10, 1864. Died a prisoner of war at Richmond. Robinson, Calvin H. 19. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. Absent, sick. Died August 13, 1865. Richardson, Moses. 18. September 3, 1864. Newfane. June 3, 1865. Substi tute prior to draft. Rockwell, George. 27. August 20, 1862. Marbletown. July 20, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Roosa, Isaiah. 25. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 20, 1864. Discharged for physical disability. Rhinehart, Charles W. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Res idence, Rifton Glen, N. Y. Swift, Gordon B. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded May 10, 1863. Transferred to 73^- Simmons, Lewis. 34. December 24, 1862. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Seabolt, John. 18. August 27, 1864. Wadsworth. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73^. Southwick, Levi. 26. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Southwick, David. 18. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72110!. Sixberry, Joseph. 19. August 25, 1864. Varrick. Substitute prior to draft. Absent, sick. Schoonmaker, Abram. 21. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Residence, Rosendale, N. Y. Strong, Gilbert. 34. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. May 20, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Stokes, James M. 43. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Stokes, Aaron D. 26. August 22, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Fly Mountain, N. Y. Stokes, Abram. 20. August 19, 1862. Marbletown. March 3, 1865. Died of disease at United States hospital. Stokes, Matthew. 21. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. December 21, 1863. Died of disease at camp near Falmouth. Smith, Daniel D. 22. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Kripple Bush, N. Y. Smith, John W. 24. August 8, 1862. Marbletown. March 1 8, 1865. Died March 27, 1865. Smith, William. 39. August n, 1862. Marbletown. December I, i86j. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Tindall, Benjamin O. 18. August 25, 1864. Wadsworth. June 3, 1865. Sub- stitute prior to draft. 262 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. I OLS. COMPANY C-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Tindall, Francis. 44. December 23, 1863. Rush. June 23, 1864. Died at Emory hospital, Washington, D. C. Thompson, Rufus. 26. August 3, 1862. Marbletovvn. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Tonnan, John. 44. December 31, 1863. Chatauqua. October 27, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged tor disability. Van Wagonen, James M. 23. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. April 4, 1865. Wounded May 29, 1864. Residence, Highland, N. Y. Van Wagonen, John B. 34. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. July I, 1863. Wounded at Chancellorsville. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Resi dence, Binnevvater, N. Y. Van Wagonen, Jacob A. 25. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. Sick in general hospital, Washington, D. C. Van Dem ark, John W. 30. August 1 1, 1862. Marbletown. Wounded at Get tysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Van Demark, Andries E. 25. August 18, 1862. Marbletown. November 13, 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Van Leuven, John D. 23. August n, 1862. Gardiner. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Gardiner, N. Y. Veasy, Carlos. 21. October 16, 1861. Elmira. October 16, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Wymon, Albert P. 33. August 26, 1862. Sheridan. May 10, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Wounded. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Ward, Bernard. 35. August 9, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Watson, George. 29. August 25, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Wells, David L. 18. August 12, 1862. Rochester. Paroled prisoner, captured October 10, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y. Waite. Loreys. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Young, Robert. 17. July 30, 1862. Jamestown. Transferred from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Yeaple, Jacob. 44. August 3, 1862. Marbletown. Died at Richmond, Vir ginia, a prisoner. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 263 COMPANY D. Company D was recruited by Captain" Lansing Hollister and First Lieutenant Minor H. Greene at Coxsackie, and Second Lieutenant Emory S. Turner at Ashland and Prattsville, Greene Co. It was mustered into the United States service with the regiment, with the above named officers and eighty-six enlisted men. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action, officers i Killed in action, men 7 Died prisoners of war 6 Died by accident and disease 3 Total deaths in service 17 There were discharged for physical disability : Officers 2 Enlisted men. . 8 10 Discharged for promotion, enlisted men i Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 1 1 Deserters 3 Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 47 61 89 It received by transfer from other companies, 4 officers, and by transfer from the 72nd Regiment, 4 en listed men ; and also received 39 recruits. Of the additions to the Company ; Killed in action, officers i Killed in action, men 2 Discharged and transferred to 73rd Regiment 23 Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 21 47 Total enrollment 136 2 64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY D-Continued. CAPTAINS. Hollister, Lansing. 25. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Chambers, James W. Mustered out of service as Captain with yist Regiment. July 30, 1864 commissioned Captain in the i2Oth and joined regiment October 25, 1864. Killed in action October 27, 1864 at Boydton Plank Road. Thomas, Arthur W. 30. December 22, 1864. Petersburg, Virginia. June 3, 1865. Promoted from 1st Lieutenant Company F. Died at Catskill Novem ber 15, 1884. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Greene, Minor H. 25. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. October 15, 1863. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Residence, Coxsackie, N. Y. Oakley, Joseph. December 9, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. October 10, 1864. Promoted from 2nd Lieutenant Company F. Dismissed by order gen eral court martial. Spoor, John I. 21. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted from Private to Sergeant July i, 1863; to 2nd Lieutenant October 12, 1864; to 1st Lieutenant December 24, 1864. In command of Company till mustered out. Residence, Philmont, N. Y. SECOND LIEUTENANT. Turner, Emory S. 20. August 22, 1862. Kingston. January 8, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Arm amputated. Residence, Cortez, Colorado. Deyo, Silas W. 18. August 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted from ist Sergeant Company G December 24, 1864. Died at Highland November, 1889. FIRST SERGEANTS. Beattie, William H. H. 20. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. Discharged for disa bility. Wound- city. Hale, Charles K. 19. July 23, 1862. Kingston. May 6, 1864. Killed in ac tion in the Wilderness. Hilton, Robert. 29. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. October 27, 1864. Promoted from Corporal October 12, 1864. Killed at Boydton Plank Road. Drake, Marcus M. 27. August 2, 1862. Sheridan. January 30, 1865. Trans ferred from Company H, 72nd N. Y. V. October 29, 1864. Promoted to 1st Lieutenant Company H. Residence, Buffalo. Benjamin, William H. 21. August II, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from Corporal January I, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Wounded at Wilderness May 5, 1864. Captured March 215, 1865. Residence, Ashland, N. Y. SERGEANTS. Wright, John. 27. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. March 16, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Resi dence, Troy, N. Y. Knox, James P. 19. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. Transferred from Company H, 72nd October 29, 1864. V. V. Trans ferred to 73d. Tompkins, Charles W. 21. August 6, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, New York city. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 265 COMPANY D-Continued. SERGEANTS Continued. Carey, William C. 22. August 9, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted from private January i, 1865. Residence, Albany, N. Y. Mead, Stephen S. 21. August 18, 1862. ,,New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from private January I, 1865. Residence, Soldiers Home, Bath. Durfee, William J. 25. August 24, 1862. Sheridan. Transferred from Com pany H, 72nd October 9, 1864. Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O., No. 77. CORPORALS. Vandeberg, William H. 21. August 2, 1862. Coxsackie. March 1 6, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Groat, Pratt. 21. August 19, 1862. Kingston. March 25, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Killed at Hatcher s Run. North, Hadley S. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1865. Transferred from Company H 72nd October 29, 1864. V. V. Van Wie, John B. 21. July 30, 1862. Coxsackie. March 16, 1864. Wound ed at Gettysburg June 2,^863. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Cox sackie. Jaycox, David. 23. August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence, Coxsackie. Lake, Roderick. 21. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence, New Castle, Colorado. Hiserd, William H. 23. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured at James City October 10, 1864. M. O. G. O. Residence, Tully, N. Y. Wright, John F. 32. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. Promoted January I, 1865. Absent, sick. Died October 6, 1886. Hallenbeck, Barnett. 26. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Coxsackie. Vanderberg, Jacob. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted February I, 1865. Residence, New York city. MUSICIANS. Smith, William T. 16. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Alberti, Gideon H. 35. August n, 1862. Prattsville. Absent, sick July 2, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77. PRIVATES. Akens, John W. 44. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. March 26, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Residence, Coxsackie. Alexander, Robert. 19. September 9, 1864. Humphrey. June I, 1865. Sub. stitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Briggs, Silas W. 19. August 7, 1862. Athens. June 3, 1865. Detailed in Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Residence, Athens. Beattie, Arthur W. 27. August 5, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured March 25, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77. Now dead. Bell, Theodore F. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. Wounded at Chancellors- ville May 3, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77. Bell, Henry C. 18. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. October 15, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. 266 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY D-Continued. PR i v ATES Continued. Butler, James. 24. August n, 1862. Prattsville. March 4, 1863. Discharged for disability. Bcsley, Jacob. 34. August 13, 1862. New Baltimore. March ic. 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Blight, Gilbert. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston. March 16, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Boy, Henry. 40. September 6, 1864. Niagara. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Captured March 31, 1865. Transferred to 730!. Brant, Adam. 24. September 9, 1864. Rochester. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 730. Bunto, Frederick. 18. September 2, 1864. Syracuse. March 25, 1865. Sub stitute. Killed at Hatcher s Run. Bogarclus, Anthony. 19. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Detailed in Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Residence, Newport, N. J. Bellows, Reuben. 22. August 20, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence, Pittsfield, Mass. Ballard, John. 33. August II, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Prattsville. Baker, Marion. 18. September 13, 1864. Linden. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Clough, Abram. 21. August 1 8, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence, Coxsackie. Collier, Edwin. 29. August II, 1864. Albany. Wounded October 7, 1864. Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Currie, William. 18. August n, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. Wounded November, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie. Currie, William H. 21. August 15, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Amsterdam, N. Y. Conroy, Gilbert C. 28. August 12, 1862. Coxsackie. January 22, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Oak Hill. Carr, John. 45. August 6, 1862. Prattsville. January I, 1865. Wounded May 6, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Red Falls. Carter, Frazer. 18. July 30, 1864. Lockport. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Calkins, Stephen V. 23. August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. September 25, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Curtis, Edward. 32. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. Deserted August 30, 1862. Dougherty, James. 24. August 15, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Shandaken. Dibble, Smith B. 18. August 14, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Dedrick, Herman C. 22. August 12, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Wounded October 27, 1864. Residence, Fishkill. Deuble, Charles. 32. August 8, 1862. New Baltimore. January 22, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Devine, William. 25. April 7, 1865. Albany. June I, 1865. Recruit. Transferred to 730!. Dutcher, Henry. 24. August 8, 1862. Prattsville. December 28, 1863. Died while at home on furlough. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 26 J COMPANY D-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Dedrick, Francis W, 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. July 2, 1863. Killed at Gettysburg. Every, John A. 22. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. Tune 3, 1865. Exter, John. 19. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence South Bethlehem. Toy, Edward. 33. August 30, 1864. Avon. Substitute prior to draft. Wounded October 27, 1864. M. O. G. O. 77. Finch, Henry. 27. August 1 1, 1862. Ashland. December 15, 1862. Dis charged for disability. Fish, John B. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Richmond March 31, 1864. Gould, Lyman. 18. September 13, 1864. Freedom. Substitute prior to draft. Captured March 25, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77. Gates, Henry C. 18. September 3, 1864. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Substi tute prior to draft. Hiserd, John. 28. August 9, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Detailed as sharpshooter. Residence, West Coxsackie. Hoffman, Albert T. 32. August 6, 1862. Coxsacksie. Absent, sick. M. O. G. O. 77. Residence, Coxsackie. Hoffman, David H. 19. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Wound ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Coxsackie. Hill, Fenton. 25. August I, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Wounded March 31, 1865. Hill, Clark. 18. July 27, 1864. Schenectady. March 26, 1865. Recruit. Killed in action at Hatcher s Run. Hill, Thomas A. 30. September 8, 1864. Alexandria. February 22, 1865. Recruit. Discharged for disability. Hull, William W. 21. August 5, 1862. Ashland. February 15, 1864. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Hattle, John. 27. September 2, 1864. Alexandria. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Hosford, William H. 18. - August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. May 31, 1864. Killed in action at Cold Harbor. Hann, Stephen. 22. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Ilartwell, Dwight. 19. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. October 27, 1864. Killed in action at Boydton Plank Road. Houghtaling, Martin A. 18. August 12, 1862. Coxsackie. August 18, 1864. Captured October IO, 1863. Died at Andersonville. House, Herman. 30. September 12, 1864. Porter. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to dratt. Transferred to 73d. Henry, John. 22. September 9, 1864. New Albion. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Jerome, Jacob. 30. August 2, 1862. Coxsackie. Absent, sick. M. O. G. O. 77- King, Van Rensselaer. 19. September 3, 1864. Yorkshire. Substitute prior to draft. \Vounded October 27, 1864. M. O. G. O. 77. Langin, John. 33. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Died February 20, 1873. 268 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY D-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Lee, John H. 16. August 20, 1862. Athens. June 27, 1865. Captured Octo ber 10, 1863. Exchanged November 19, 1864. Residence, New York city. Miller, John. 21. August 20, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence Troy. Miller, Christian. 42. September 3, 1864. Wheatfield. Substitute prior to draft. Wounded. October 27, 1864; in hospital. Melville, William. 38. August 8, 1864. Rochester. Substitute prior to draft. Absent in hospital, broke his leg while on duty. Murphy, John M. August n, 1862. Prattsville. May 24, 1864. Died in gen eral hospital, Davids Island, N. Y. Newman, Preston. 20. August 6, 1864. Pike. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to V. R. C. Parslow, Gilbert. 18. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Prattsville. Proper, John. 29. September 10, 1864. Albany. Captured March 25, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77- Proper, Harrison. 34. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Residence Prattsville. Plass, Moses A. 18. September 6, 1864. Carroll. Substitute prior to draft M. O. G. O. 77. Pettit, Henry C. 19. September 3, 1864. Linden. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Pettit, Charles E. 18. September 3, 1864. Ellington. June 3, 1865. Captured October 27, 1864. Exchanged. Plucker, John C. 18. August 29, 1864. Freedom. June i, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Purdy, Thomas. 20. August 24, 1864. Syracuse. Substitute prior to draft. Captured March 31, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77. Rourque, David. 19. September 10, 1864. Avon. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Rourque, Michael. 27. September 16, 1864. Elmira. Recruit. Wounded March 31, 1865. Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Rusher, Gilbert. 18. August 31, 1864. Richford. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Rogers, John. 22. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. Deserted while on furlough from hospital. Reed, Frederick. 41. September I, 1864. Rome. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d. Shaw, William. 22. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Smith, Abram. 24. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Wound ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Captured December 8, 1864. Residence Athens. Schermerhorn, Abram P. 22. August 11, 1862. Prattsville. Tune 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Simpkins, Solomon M. August 13, 1862. Coxsackie. Wounded May 5, 1864 In hospital. M. O. G. O. 77. Sutton, William R. 21. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. M. O. G. O. 77. Sodar, Gustave. 32. August 31, 1864. Utica. Captured March 2<;, i86<; Substitute prior to draft. M. O. G. O. 77. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 269 COMPANY D-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Shoudy, Lyman. 18. September 2, 1864. Syracuse. Substitute prior to draft. M. O. G. O. 77- Spaunburg, George C. 23. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. March 3, 1863. Discharged for disability. Residence, Coxsackie. Sitzer, Peter. 42. August 19, 1862. Kingston. March 24, 1863. Discharged for disability. Smith, Joseph P. 27. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. February K i86d Transferred to V. R. C. Snyder, Joseph. 26. September I, 1864. Avon. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Smith, Henry. 23. September 30, 1864. Sodas. June I, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d. Smith, John C. 37. August II, 1862. Ashland. Sent to hospital November 1 8, 1862. Body found in Potomac river, near Alexandria April 5, 1863. Sickler, Alonzo. 21. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. July 12, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Tucker, Lewis. 25. August 5, 1862. Coxsackie. July 10, 1864. Captured at James City October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville. Thompson, Jeremiah S. 19. August 13, 1862. Rondout. Captured October 10, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77. Residence, New York city. Vanderberg, Robert. 25. August 11, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Coxsackie. Van Schaack, Derrick. 27. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Cap tured May 6, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie. Van Schaack, Peter G. 28. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. December 9, 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Residence, Cobbleskill, N. Y. Van Loan, Dennis. 23. August 16, 1862. Kingston. Deserted June 24, 1863. Wilkinson, Clarence. 18. September 3, 1864. Troopsburg. February 22, 1865. Recruit. Discharged for disability. Wagner, Frederick. 33. August 2, 1862. Coxsackie. February I, 1865. Wounded July 25, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Albany, N. Y. Wilson, Thomas. 38. September 8, 1864. Alexandria. Substitute prior to draft. Captured March 31, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77. Winegar, Joseph. 36. August 31, 1864. New Hartford. June I, 1865. Sub stitute prior to draft. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d. Wixson, Caleb. 21. August 19, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Whitbeck, Richard. 27. August II, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Wounded May 31, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie. Wolf, Tunis P. 42. August 2, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, New Baltimore, N. Y. Wolf, Philip F. 22. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. Wounded March 31, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77. Wyman, William. 19. September I, 1864. Carroll. Substitute prior to draft. M. O. G. O. 77. \Vhite, Silas. 18. September 5, 1864. Andover. June 3, 1865. Substitute prior to draft. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY E. Company E was organized at Ellenville by Captain Daniel Gillett, First Lieutenant Oliver B. Gray and Second Lieutenant Frederick Freileweh, and was mustered into the regiment August 22, 1862, with the above named commissioned officers and eighty-five enlisted men. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action, commissioned officers. i Killed in action, enlisted men _ . . . i o Died while prisoners of war ^ Died of disease.. 8 Total deaths in service 22 There were discharged for physical disability : Commissioned officers i Enlisted men 20 2 i Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 4 Transferred, etc. : Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, officers i Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, enlisted men 5 Transferred to 73rd Regiment, enlisted men i Deserted, enlisted men 5 Mustered out at the close of the war 29 41 88 Two officers were promoted from the ranks and two officers joined from other companies. In the summer of 1864, the company received 19 recruits, and 55 veterans transferred from the yist and y2nd Regiments. Of the additions to the Company : Killed in action 2 Died of disease i Missing in action i Mustered out with company, officers 2 Carried forward 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 / I COMPANY E-Continued. Brought forward 5 Mustered out with company, men I4 Discharged before mustered out 6 Transferred to 73rd Regiment 39 Transferred on rolls as deserters, who never joined company 6 Total enrollment . CAPTAINS. Gilllett, Daniel. August 22, 1862. Denning. Nov. 25, 1864. Discharged by S. O., No. 419 W. D. for disability. Died in Denning. Cole, Alonzo R. 21. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted from ist Sergeant to 2nd Sergeant January 15, 1864; to 1st Lieutenant Au gust 17, 1864; to Captain Januury 16, 1865. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Gray, Oliver B. August 22, 1862. Ellenville. October 9, 1863. Lost an arm at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. K. C. Died in Florida March, 1870. Funck, Henry. 30. June 3, 1864. New York city. Transferred from yist to Company K, as Sergeant. Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant Company K. Pro moted to 1st Lieutenant and transferred to Company E, January 16, 1865. Resided in New York city after the war. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Freilevveh, Frederick. August 22, 1862. Ellenville. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Dubois, Lewis A. 23. August 18, 1862. January 10, 1865. Promoted from Sergeant Company I, May 5, 1864. Wounded September 20, 1864. Dis charged for disability. Died. Holmes, William J. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Cap tured October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20, 1864. Promoted from Sergeant January 16, 1865. FIRST SERGEANTS. Stevens, Frederick L. 23. December 24, 1863. May 25, 1865. Discharged on account of wound received in action October 27, 1864. Leg amputated. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Pomeroy, John S. 21. August 13, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Wounded at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863. Vail, Theron. 21. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. August 9, 1864. Wounded in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Ely, Frederick. 29. December 25, 1863. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 ist, promoted to Sergeant August 9, i86_|. ist Sergeant May 25, 1864. Transferred to 73d. 272 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY E-Continued. SERGEANTS. Wild, Samuel. 23. August 2, 1862. Ellenville. September 5, 1864. Sergeant August 22, 1862 to June 23, 1864. Discharged for disability. Goss, Charles. 21. February 24, 1864. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Grogan, Dennis. 25. December 24, 1863. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Morris, Bernard. 25. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 7nd. Transferred to 73d. CORPORALS. Larcom, Thomas. 36. August 12, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865. Bennett, Charles E. 21. August 9, 1862. Ellenville. Wounded May 6, 1864. Captured March 25, 1865. Dean, George. 38. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted February 17, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865. Pride, Moses H. 21. August n, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted February 17, 1863. Captured July 2, 1863. Paroled August 6, 1863. Cap tured March 25, 1865. Residence, Mount Holly, N. C. Many, Leartes W. 16. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Promoted July I, 1864. Captured March 31, 1865. Freer, Stephen A. 25. August n, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted November I, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865. Chalmers, Daniel. 40. August T, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Captured March 25, 1865. Anderson, Joseph B. 42. August 14, 1862. Denning. February 17, 1863. Discharged for disability. McKnight, John. 23. August 9, 1892. Ellenville. April 18, 1864. Dis charged on account of wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Unkenholtz, Frederick. 21. August 13, 1863. Ellenville. May 15, 1864. Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Derickenson, Isaac D. 25. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. September 9, 1863. Died at camp, near Beverly Ford, Va. Dewitt, Stephen C. 30. August 15, 1862. Denning. July 3, 1864. Captured May 5, 1864. Died a prisoner of war. MUSICIANS. Palmer, Nathan W. 15. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. McLaughlin, Patrick. 16. December 25, 1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d June I, 1863. linger, Phillip. 19. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d to serve four teen months from January 12, 1865. To forfeit all pay to that date, and pay the expense of his arrest from desertion. Barber, John. 18. December 25, 1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred from 72nd. Deserted May 12, 1864, while on furlough. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2j $ COMPANY E-Continued. PRIVATES. Austin, Samuel J. 35. August I, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Ackroid, William. 22. September 5, 1864. Wheatfield. May 10, 1865. Re cruit. Discharged from general hospital. Augur, Andrew. 36. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Absent, sick. Brown, Edson B. 27. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. January 15, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Brooks, John. 27. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. December 23, 1863. Dis charged for wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Brennan, Thomas. 23. July I, 1861. Newark, N. J. August 3, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Barnes, Hiram. 32. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. November, 1863. Trans ferred toV. R. C. Brown, Calvin. 19. July 29, 1862. Wawarsing. September 27, 1864. Killed on picket in front of Petersburg. Brown, John K. 22. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. September 15, 1862. Died in camp near Mount Vernon, Va. Broderick, Patrick. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Deserted April I, 1864, while on Vet. furlough. Blake, Nicholas. 35. December 31, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Deserted August 29, 1864. Collins, Thomas H. 24. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Cassle, Michael. 23. August 18, 1862. Dunkirk. i>ansferred from 72nd. Absent, sick. Crawford, Solomon. 26. July 31, 1862. Denning. January 27, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Cozine, Benjamin. 24. May 5, 1861. New York city* November 27, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Cockburn, William J. 27. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Com missary-Sergeant August 22, 1862. Clark, Francis W. 21. July 26, 1862. December 15, 1862. Died in general hospital, Washington, D. C. Curry, Daniel D. 26. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Cornuker, Patrick. 21. August 13, 1863. Deserted August 19, 1863 from gen eral hospital. Clark. Michael. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Absent, sick. Conklin, Matthew R. 22. December 25, 1863. V. V. from 72nd. Carney, Timothy. 19. September 5, 1864. Deerfield. Recruit. Paroled pris oner. Durlaf, George. 30. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Wounded May 6, 1864. Dunagan, Michael. 27. August 13, 1862. Lackawack. Captured March 25, 1865. Paroled prisoner. Donovan, Timothy. 20. September 4, 1864. Vernon. June 3, 1865. Recruit. Dolovvay, James H. 24. July 31, 1862. Denning. February 23, 1863. Dis charged for disability. 18 274 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY E-Continued. PR I VAXES Continued. Donnelly, Bernard. 28. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Janu- ary i5, 1865. V. V. from 72nd. Discharged for disability. Devine, James. 24. December 30, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. trom 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Dayton, Sydney. 18. April 9, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. June I, 1865. Dolan, John. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Donovan, Thomas. 29. September 5, 1864. Rochester. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. Davenport, Thomas. 22. August 14, 1862. Denning. Deserted November 25, 1862. Dorcy, James. 22. February 14, 1862. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough. Devany, James. 30. September 8, 1864. Avon. Killed October 27, 1864 in action. Recruit. Evans, James S. 42. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured March 6, 1865. Easman, William. 21. August 13, 1862. Lackawack. Absent in hospital. Wounded June 27, 1864. Easman, Charles. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Captured at James City October 10, 1863. Easman, Peter. 28. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured at James City October 10, 1863. Evans, Cornelius. 36. August 13, 1862. Denning. November 5, 1863. Dis charged for wounds received in action May 3, 1863. Flannery, John. 24. December 3, 1864. Dryden. Wounded in action October 27/1864. Absent in hospital. Frear, Zachariah. 27. August n, 1862. Ellenville. October n, 1862. Dis charged for disability. Frear, Hiram D. 20. August 14, 1862. Esopus. September II, 1863. Dis charged to accept promotion U. S. C. T. Fitch, Gilbert A. 18. December 25, 1863. V. V. from 72nd. Absent. Wounded in action March 25, 1865. Furman, James. 26. August 16, 1862. Kingston. October I, 1864. Killed on picket in front of Petersburg. Faulkner, Thomas. 33. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Octo ber 27, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Killed in action on Boydton Plank Road. Fox, John. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Deserted January 18, 1864, from general hospital. Furrey, Patrick. 23. May I, 1861. Newark, N. J. V. V. from 72nd. May 3, 1864. Graham, David P. 19. August 6, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Gilfilian, William. 18. September 8, 1864. Elmira. Recruit. Absent, sick. Graham, Frederick. 44. July 30, 1862. Denning. February 17, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Graham, Henry. 23. August 8, 1862. Lackawack. March 14, 1863. Dis charged for disability. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY E-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Groitsmyer, John. 44. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. February 23, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Genivan, William. 22. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Gillespie, Patrick. 38. September i, 1864. Avon. Recruit. Transferred to 73<*. Gray, Tobias. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1864. Killed in action at Cold Harbor. Gregory, David D. L. 21. August 13, 1862. Ellenville. September 2, 1864. Captured October 10, 1862. Died a prisoner of war. Garrity, Thomas. 28. February 12, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough. Hoffman, Robert S. 39. August 8, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Hook, Charles A. 28. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. October 17, 1863. Dis charged for wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Hornbeck, James. 39. August 7, 1862. Wawarsing. February 15, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Hannan, Thomas. 35. August 13, 1862. Ellenville. March 13, 1864. Wounded and captured October 10, 1863. Died a prisoner of war. Heroy, William II. 18. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. April 18, 1864. Died at United States general hospital, Baltimore. Disease contracted while pris oner of war. Howard, Frank. 32. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough. Irvin, John D. 27. August 8, 1862. Lackawack. October 17, 1863. Dis charged on account of wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Knight, Burgoyn. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. March 8, 1865. Dis charged. Wounded in action June 17, 1864. Kraus, Ernst. 19. August 6, 1864. Avon. Recruit. Wounded in action Oc tober 25, 1864. Absent, sick in hospital. Koinsdorfer, Adolph. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Kearns, James. 38. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Absent. Lyman, William. 22. February 28, 1865. Rome. Recruit. Absent. Loomis, James M. 23. August 9, 1862. Wawarsing. Deserted May I, 1863. Lewis, John. 25. August 4, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Misner, Henry. 31. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Captured October 10, 1863. Miller, Henry. 19. August 13, 1864. Binghamton. June 3, 1865. Recruit. Many, Artemus D, 27. August 15, 1862. Denning. January 22, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. McCurdy, James. 22. September 6, 1863. Rochester. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. McGuire, Michael T. 25. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Paroled prisoner. Maxam, Wesley D. 29. August 6, 1862. Wawarsing. Transferred to 73d to serve 14 months over his original term of service and to forfeit one-half of his monthly pay. 276 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY E-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Miller, Frederick. 29. January 215, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. August 12, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Died at Brattleboro, Vt. McGreal, Patrick. 18. September 12, 1864. Lockport. June 2, 1865. Recruit. Nickerson, Alexander. 18. August 27, 1864. Ithaca. June 2, 1865. Recruit. Nickerson, David. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Died at Lincoln gen eral hospital, Washington, October 13, 1864. Oswell, George M. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. O Neil, Joseph. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72d. Transferred to 73d. O Donnell, Michael. 35. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. O Brien, Owen. 33. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72d. Wounded March 26, 1865. Transferred to 73d. Powers, John, Jr. 19. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Pomeroy, William E. 19. August 13, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Pierce, Josiah D. 18. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg. Polhamus, Albert. 18. August 4, 1862. Wawarsing. Absent, wounded. Peck, William. 21. August II, 1862. Wawarsing. May 24, 1863. Died at Falmouth, Va. Pendergast, Daniel. 21. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Deserted while on Vet. furlough, May 10, 1864. Powers, John, Sr. 40. September 3, 1864. Lockport. Recruit. Missing in action October 27, 1864. Rose, Samuel. 18. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Absent in general hospital since October 15, 1863. Robertson, William. 28. September 8, 1864. Lewiston. Recruit. Absent. Paroled prisoner. Captured October 27, 1864. Ryan, John. 24. April 21, 1864. New York city. Transferred from 72nd to serve 12 months over original enlistment by order G. C. M. Richerson, Harvey. 21. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. July, 1863. Dis charged on certificate of disability. Roby, James H. 31. July I, 1861. New York city. July 20, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Robinson, John. 22. September 9, 1864. China. Recruit. Transferred to 73d- Roberts, Charles.- 21. December 14, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Paroled prisoner. Sharpe, Albert. 18. August 3, 1862. Lackawack. Absent, in general hos pital, wounded. April 2, 1865. Shortman, Lewis. 32. August 13, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Sharpe, Nathan J. 18. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Wounded and captured October 27, 1864. Sheeley, Charles. 22. August II, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Silcox, Henry. 40. December 2, 1864. Utica. June 3, 1865. Recruit. Sheeley, John V. 35. August 7, 1862. Ellenville. February 3, 1863. Dis charged for disability. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 277 COMPANY E-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Searles, Edward. 25. August 4, 1862. Wawarsing. December 9, 1864. Dis charged from wound received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Smith, Peter. 20. February 13, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Staub, Frederick. 20. December 24, 1863. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Spell, Benjamin. 44. August n, 1864. Utica. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. Sharpe, John. 21. August 9, 1862. Wawarsing. April 5, 1863. Died at Philadelphia, Pa., while on furlough. Sparks, Theodore W. 33. August 8, 1862. Ellenville. April 14, 1863. Died at Falmouth, Va. Sheeley, William. 22. August 11, 1862. Ellenville. July 7, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Sheeley, Edward. 19. August- 8, 1862. Lackawack. May 3, 1863. Killed in action at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Schwab, Anthony H. 21. August 13, 1862. Denning. March 25, 1865. Died of wounds received in action at Hatcher s Run. Sawyer, James. 24. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. Deserted May 30, 1863, while on furlough. Tilton, Remson. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Transferred to 73d. Troomey, David D. 22. October 31, 1861. New York city. V. V. from 72nd to serve over time for desertion by sentence C. M. Transferred to 73d. Vansse, Walter. 29. August 14, 1862. Denning. Captured at Chancellors ville May 3, 1863. Wall, Edward. 36. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Wounded in action March 25, 1865. Transferred to 73d. Williams, Joseph. 26. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Ware, John A. 29. July 31, 1862. Kingston. May 3, 1863. Killed in action at Chancellorsville May 2, 1863. Whitcomb, Rush M. 18. August 3, 1862. Denning. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Whiler, John. 43. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Deserted August 24, 1862, at Kingston. Received $25 advanced bounty and clothing valued at $27. Ward, John. 41. September 15, 1861. New York city. Deserted June, 1863. Williamson, James. 32. December 24. 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from 72nd. Deserted March 25, 1865, while on furlough. York, Morris. 21. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. August 8, 1863. Died of wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. York, Jacob A. 29. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Discharged December 24, 186$, for disability. York, Abram. 24. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. October 7, 1864. Dis charged from wound received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Zepkie, August. 32. September 9, 1864. Corning. June 3, 1865. Recruit. 278 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY F. Company F was one of the three companies raised in Greene county. The men were enlisted by Captain Theodore F. Overbaugh, of Catskill, Lieutenant Gilbert Pettit, of Lexington, and Lieutenant Joseph S. Oakley, of Catskill. The company was mustered into the regiment with these officers and ninety-three enlisted men. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action and died of wounds 5 Died prisoners of war 2 Died of disease. . 10 Total deaths in service ........................ 17 There were discharged for physical disability : Officers ........... . ......................... i Enlisted men ................................ 14 Transferred, etc. : Transferred by promotion ...................... 4 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. ... ......... 14 Transferred to New York Cavalry ................ i Deserted .................................... 1 1 Mustered out at close of the war ................ 34 64 One officer was received by promotion from another company, 55 men were received from the yist and 72nd Regiments, and 28 recruits joined. Of the additions to the Company : Killed in action and died of wounds 3 Died of disease 4 Deserted before transfer 4 Discharged 19 Transferred to 73rd Regiment 21 Mustered out 33 84 Total enrollment. . 180 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y, S. VOLS. 2/9 COMPANY F-Continued. CAPTAINS. Overbaugh, Theodore F. 30. August 22, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability August 10, 1863. Died of disease at Catskill, N. Y. Pettit, Gilbert. 39. August 22, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Mustered as First Lieutenant August 22, 1862. Promoted Captain January 15, 1864. Was taken prisoner June I, 1864. Was prisoner 9 months. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Macon, Ga. LIEUTENANTS. Plimley, William. 26. August 12, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Second Lieutenant August 22, 1864. First Lieutenant December 22, 1864, A. D. C. brigade, headquarters (see Company K). Present address, New York city. Dickerman, Putnam B. 24. August I, 1862. Jewett. August 22, as Sergeant. Promoted First Sergeant January 19, 1864. Second Lieutenant December 22, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865, at Kingston, N. Y. Was with regiment on every march and in every battle in which the regiment participated until Feb ruary 5, 1865. Present residence, New Milford, 111. Thomas, Arthur W. 30. August 19, 1862. Catskill. Mustered as Sergeant at Kingston August 22, 1862. Promoted First Sergeant April I, 1863. First Lieutenant June 17, 1864. Captain Company D December 22, 1864. Wounded severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged at Kingston, N. Y., June 3, 1865. Died in Catskill November 15, 1884. Oakley, Joseph S. 38. August 22, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered as Second Lieutenant August 22, 1862, at Kingston, N. Y. Promoted First Lieutenant Company D August 9, 1864. Moffatt, John S. 20. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered as Corporal August 22, 1862, at Kingston, N. Y. Promoted to Sergeant July 24, 1864. First Lieutenant January 16, 1865. Transferred by promotion February 4, 1865, to Company G. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. SERGEANTS. W T right, Oliver. 40. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Mustered at Kings ton, N. Y., August 22, 1862, as private. Promoted Sergeant February 17, 1863. First Sergeant December 22, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Died at Durham, N. Y., 1889, of disease. Rider, John. 34. July 26, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered August 22, 1862, at Kingston, N. Y., as Sergeant. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Mustered out under General Orders No. 77. Greene, Nelson O. 23. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Mustered at Kingston, August 22, 1862, as private. Promoted to Sergeant December 22, 1864. Dis charged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Hunter, N. Y. Shantz, John G. 20. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Mustered at Kingston, N. Y,, August 22, 1862. Promoted to Corporal November I, 1864. To Sergeant February 4, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, New York city. Carrington, Sidney. 30. August 12, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Mustered at New York city August 12, 1862. Transferred from Company H, yist N. \. V., July 7, 1864. Promoted from private to Sergeant January I, 1865. charged June 3, 1865. Greene, Samuel W. 42. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N Y. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability August 6, 1863. Died at Wallkill, Is. \ ., June 4, 1877. 28O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY F-Continued. SERGEANTS Continued. Dumphy, Peter. 25 July 17, ,861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from Com pany F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service July 23, 1864. Cole, Charles. 28. August 15, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. August 22, 1862. Pro moted Corporal August 15, 1862. Sergeant April i, 1863. Wounded Novem ber 27, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1864. Heavy, James. 30. November 25, 1861. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged October 14 1864 by reason of Special Orders No. 254, dated September 14, 1864. McDonough, Philip. 21. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Pro moted Sergeant November 8, 1864. Sergeant-Major January i, 1865 Trans ferred to Non-Commissioned Staff. Transferred from Company H, yist N. Skillen John. 40. August 28, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Killed November 7 I8&4, front of Petersburg!!. Transferred from Company H, 7ist N Y V July 7, 1864. CORPORALS. Graham Alfred R. 24. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal April i 1863 Severely wounded May 6, 1864. Discharged June 27, i86c, from Fmlay hospital, Washington, D. C. Graham, Albert S. 24. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal July 24, 1864. Wounded July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa., also in front of Petersburg!! November 7, 1864. Discharged June 27, 1865, from Finlay <ren- eral hospital, Washington, D. C. Frank, Levi D. 29. August 9, 1862. Sheridan, N. Y. Transferred from Com- pany H, 72nd N. Y. V., October 30, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Walsh, James S. 29. August 9, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Dunham Francis J 26. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Cor poral July i, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Van Leuyen John W. 23. July 26, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Cor poral February 5, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Cats- kii], JN V Brown John T. 23 August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Promoted to Corporal March 10, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865. MUSICIAN. Rice, George E. 18. August i, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged June 3, 1865. PRIVATES. Allan. Benjamin F. 21. August 29. 1862. New York city. Transferred from Company H, 7 1st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Wounded November 2, 1864. Leg off. Discharged from general hospital under General Orders No. 77. Benjamin, John W. 25. July 29, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Captured at Tames City, Va., October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville July, 1864. Brandow, George. 29. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged Tune 3 1865. Present address, Catskill, N. Y. Balser, Henry. 24. August 5, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Detached to Battery K 4th U. S. A., May 4, 1863. Discharged June 3, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 28 I COMPANY F-Continued. PR I VAXES Continued. Ma; 6 s6 ? l r ngSt n N< Y * Wounded ^ 2 > May o, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865 862 , Lexil ^ ton N. Y. Taken prisoner at 10, 1863, and was in the following prisons Libby ai,moh TT n ! Bdl ! Islam1 Ande rsonville fnd Savanna m all 13 months, 9 days. Discharged June 31, 1865. Bloomier, Daniel. 35. August n, 1862. Dutchess County, N. Y. Transferred from Company H 7 ist N. Y V., July 7, 1864. Wounded Septembei I 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Bates John W^ 28. August 12, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, 7 ist N Y. V., July 7, 1864. Provost Marshal s c5?Dfo headquarters. Discharged June 3, 1865. Brannigan Robert F. 20. August 30, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, 7 ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged June 3, ,865 irownjohn E. 20. August 11, 1862. , Lexington, N. Y. Discharged June 3, Brower, Charles W. 25. August 22, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Brock, Lewis J. 22. August 26, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Bornt, Lyman. 18. August 23, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Bement, Edward P 18. September 2, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis charged under General Orders No. 77. Cline, Emery D. 23. August 9, 1862. Hunter, N. V. Wounded at Spottsyl- vania. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. Clinton, Michael. 43. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June 3, Coyle, John. 29. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Cronin, Thomas. 23. August 10, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, 7 ist Regiment, N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Wounded October 27, 1864, at Boydton Plank Road. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Corbin, Newell. 18. September 3, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis charged under General Orders No. 77. Daly, James. 27. September I, 1862. Brooklyn. Transferred from Company H, 7 1st Regiment, N. Y. V. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Eignor, Jackson H. 34. August 1 1, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Wounded March 25, 1865. Leg off. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Ford, Edwin. 21. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Taken prisoner at Mine Run, 1864. Wounded July 2, 1862. Exchanged in November, 1864. Present residence and P. O. address, Lexington, N. Y. Griffin, Uriah P. 28. August 10, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged under General Orders No. 77 June 27, 1865, at New York. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863, at James City, Va., and was in the following prisons: Libby, Pem- berton, Belle Island, Andersonville, Savannah and Mellen. Served in these prisons 18 months, 20 days. Present residence, Hunter, Greene Co., N. Y. Howard, Jonathan. 35. August 8, 1862. Jewett. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Lexington, Greene Co., N. Y. Hager, Theodore. 18. August 25, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus tered out June 3, 1865. Hovencamp, Joshua. 18. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. No discharge furnished. 282 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY F-Continued. PR I VAXES Continued. Hall,^Elbert O. 24. August 5, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded at Battle of Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Taken prisoner May 3, 1863. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Present residence, Windham, Greene Co., N. Y. Ingalls, Frederick. 29. August 9, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded in left leg in front of Petersburg August 22, 1864. Was taken prisoner at Battle of the Wilderness. Discharged June 2, 1865. Keller, John C. 27. August 28, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Hunter, N. Y. Lang, Adam. 28. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, 7ist N. Y. V. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Lyle, William R. 45. August 27, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, 7 ist N. Y. V. Detached to Brig Pioneer Corps. Discharged June 3, 1865. Lashier, Adalbert. 18. August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus tered out June 3, 1865. Lintz, Andrew. 29. August 1 1, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Com pany F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865. McGinnis, Hugh. 23. August 1 5, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, jisl N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Absent, sick, never been heard from. McCoon, James. 35. August 1 1, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged June 2, 1865. Parsons, Henry S. 31. August 12, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 22, 1864. Detached at Division head quarters. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Preston, Henry. 18. August 22, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Quick, Charles II. 18. August 31, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Wounded March 25, 1865. Arm off. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Substitute. Russell, William L. 35. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Rivenburgh, David. 23. August 15, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Riddell, Richard W. 18. August 31, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. Scutt, Abram. 40. August 13, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Detached at 2nd Corps hospital August 5, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865. Stillwell, Benjamin F. 18. August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. No discharge. Schantz, Jacob. 18. September 25, 1864. Schenectady, N. Y. Recruit. Mus tered out June 3, 1865. Present residence, Maplewood, N. Y. Ten Broeck, Theodore. 34. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863 ; the Wilderness, May 5, 1864; Mine Run, Novem ber 27, 1863. Discharged under General Oraers No. 77, A. G. O. Present residence, Albany, N. Y. Traphagen, Kimber. 39. August 13, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at Glens Falls, N. Y., February 15, 1893. Thornton, Joshua. 18. August 30, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. t ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y. S. VOLS. 283 COMPANY F-Continued. PRIVATES Continued, Wilcox, Peter. 20. August 2, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded at Boydton Plank Road October 27, 1864, in right arm at elbow. Discharged June 13, 1865. Residence, Hunter, N. Y. Wagner, John. 41. August 30, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, yist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. Williams, Jeremiah. 1 8. August 30, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus tered out June 3, 1865. Wheeler, James C. 18. August 25, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Wounded March 25, 1865. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. DISCHARGED PRIVATES. Cole, Edward. 25. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on Sur geon s certificate of disability May I, 1864. Wounded in right leg. Leg off July 2, 1863. Discharged April 28, 1864, at Philadelphia, Pa. Conner William. 23. July 2, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from Com pany F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged July 23, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service. Curtis Frederick. 28. May 12, 1861. Clean, N. Y. Transferred from Com pany H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged July 20, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service. Clark John 34. September 8, 1861. New York city. Transferred from Com pany F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged September 9, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service. Cronin, James. 23. March 17, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Com pany H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged March 17, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service. Costello Tames. 29. September 25, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s ce tificate of disability March 2, 1865. Estes, Elijah H. 29. May 12, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com pany H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of term ol expiration of service July 20, 1864. Ford, Francis. 23. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on Si geon s certificate of disability April II, 1863. Furnia Martin. 26. June 10, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com pany H, 7 ist N. Y. V., July 7 , 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service July 20, 1864. Goodsell Emory T 26. August 14, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Discharged on Sur geon s T certifil-ate of disability April 18, 1863. Died at Wnulham, Greene county, N. Y., October 15, 1872. Greenman, Silas S. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia, frans. ferred from Company H, 7 ist Regiment, N. \. V July 7, 1864. on Sun/eon s certificate of disability February 13, 1865. term of service July 20, 1864. 284 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. F. S. VOLS. COMPANY F-Continued. DISCHARGED PRIVATES Continued. Linsley, James. 20. August 14, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability January 5, 1864. Present residence, Hunter, Greene county, N. Y. Majilton, Timothy. 25. August n, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded in neck severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate ot disability December 18, i 863- Present address, Lare Viero, Lake county, Oregon. McTaigue, Patrick. 32. July 20, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged for expiration of term of service July 23, 1864. Mullagan, Bartholemew. 26. August 4, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability December I, 1864. O Mara, Patrick. 32. September 8, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from 72nd June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service. Reynolds, Elijah. 29. August 18, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability December 13, 1862. Died at Phoenicia, Ulster county, N. Y., of disease. Robbins, Charles P. 21. May 12, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com pany F. 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service July 20, 1864. Reitmiller, George. 36. August 12, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s cer tificate of disability August 12, 1865. Ruger, Charles. 31. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal February n, 1863. Wounded in right hand at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability March 10, 1865. Died at Ward s Island, N. Y., 1877. Streight, Joshua. 28. August 11, 1862. Shandaken, N. Y. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability March 14, 1863. Trowbridge, James. 38. August 8, 1862.. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded in ankle at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability June 20, 1865. Died in New York city August, 1873. VanLeuven, Ambrose A. 27. August II, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability June 2, 1864. Died December 14, 1880, at Jersey City. Varrew, Lewis. 49. July 16, 1861. New York city. Transferred from Com pany F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service July 23, 1861. VanSise, Robert. 28. June I, 1861. Olean. N. Y. Transferred from Com pany H, 7 ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of Surgeon s certificate of disability July 20, 1864. Willard, Emmett F. 24. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged on Sur geon s certificate of disability November 20, 1862. Wright, Frederick. 47. May 17, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com pany H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service July 20, 1864. Deeney, Edward. 28. December 21, 1863. V. V. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 24, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability April 25, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 285 COMPANY F-Continued. TRANSFERRED. Ashley, John J Jr. 20. August 7, 1862. Catskill, N. V. Transferred to 1st U. S. C. January 19, 1863. Benjamin Horatio. 30 August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Promoted Cor- poral December I, 1862. Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V R C March 15, 1864, by order Secretary of War. .Brown , William H. 24. August 1 1, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to Vet K. C. Promoted Corporal August n, 1862. Hoes Aaron. 27. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded Mav <, 1864 Transferred to V. R. C. February 6, 1865, by order Secretary War. Resi dence, Rondout, N. Y. Jones, Milo A. 22. August 9, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1867 Transferred to V. R. C. March 15, 1864, by order Secretary of War. Present residence, New Milford, 111. Joesbury, Joseph F. 21. August 22, 1862. Catskill. Transferred by promo tion as Quartermaster-Sergeant to Non-Commissioned Staff September i 1864. Discharged June I, 1869, as Quarter-Master Sergeant, Headquarters Third Division L. A. P., by reason of war ended. Died at Catskill. Kline, Charles A. 30. August 5, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. by order of Secretary of War. Lackey, Peter. 26. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1863, by ortle i Secretary War. Pres ent residence, Brooklyn, N. Y. Marshall, James. 27. August 18, 1862. New York city. Transferred to V. R. C. February 15, 1864, by order Secretary War ; from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Mackey, Isaac. 22. August 3, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to V. R. C. Date not known. Mastling, John M. 27. August I, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. November 19, 1864, by order Secretary War, Present residence, McCoy, Polk Co., Oregon. Rider, Alexander W. 22. August i, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Transferred to V. R. C. September I, 1863, by order Secretary W r ar. Present residence, Wood land, Ulster Co., N. Y. Sutton, Francis T. 34. August u, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1863, by order Secretary War. Present residence, Schodack, Columbia Co., N. Y. Smalling, Lucius K. 23. August 2, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. November 15, 1863, by order Secretary War. Present residence, Cohoes, N. Y. Taylor, Thomas G. 23. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to V. R. C. November 15, 1863, by order Secretary War. Present residence, New York city. Whittaker, Francis. 27. August 4, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to Y. R. C. by order Secretary War. Begley, Peter. 28. February 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Bullock, George W. 34. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Decem ber 30, 1863. V. V. Transferred from Company H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Detached in Ambulance Corps. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Boyer, William H. 18. September 6, 1864. Niagara, N. Y. Substitute. Trans ferred to 73d Regiment. 286 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY F-Continued. TRANSFERRED Continued. Doremus, Thomas J. 33. February 14, 1864, Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Farrell, Patrick. 37. December 10, 1863. New York city. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Hurley, Isaac. 30. September 2, 1864. Pike, N. Y. V. V. Promoted to Corporal January 1st, 1865. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Hugue, Thomas. 40. March 14, 1865. New York city. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. Murphy, John. 30. December 21, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72djune 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d June 3, 1865. McGimty, Michael. 45. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72d June 20, 1869. Transferred to 73d. McEnroe, Nicholas. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment, N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Platz, Peter. 17. March 12, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Transferred from Company H, 7 1st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Spenbeck, Benjamin. 23. November 30, 1863. New York city. - Recruit. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73<*. Sheridan, John. 26. December 4, 1863. New York city. Recruit. Trans ferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Searle, Milton. 29. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 7151 N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Detached at Army head quarters. Transferred to 73d. Torphey, Thomas. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. December 25, 1863. Promoted to Corporal January I, 1865. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Woodward, Henry C. 25. March 16, 1864. V. V. Transferred from Com pany H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Rogers, George W. Musician. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Va. V. V. Transferred from Company H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Trans ferred to 73d. Gorgas, William H. Musician. 20. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Va. V. V. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Trans ferred to 73d. DIED. Burgess, Addison P. 25. August 5, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at camp near Falmouth, Virginia, January 17, 1863. Brizie, William D. 42. August 19, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at camp near Falmouth April n, 1863. Bell, William H. 21. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Bray, Milo. 24. August I, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at general hospital Georgetown, D. C. Chesley, William W. 18. August 30, 1864. Hector, N. Y. Owego, N. Y. Died at Harewood hospital, Washington, D. C., February 16, 1865. Substi tute. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y.S. VOLS. 287 COMPANY F-Continued. DIED Continued. DurkinJohnH. 35 December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Decem ber 24, 1863. V. V. Wounded March 31, 1865. Died at Armory Square hospital, Washington, D. C., April 25, 1865. Transferred from Company F 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Edwards James. 31. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Corporal October 13. 1862. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., January 28, I86" 1 . Eignor, Abram. 42. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died while home on sick furlough at Shandaken, N. Y., June 2, 1863. Hotchkiss, Orrin W. 19. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Killed at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. Hall, John \V. 18. January 26, 1864. Cieremont, N. Y. Died at David s Island hospital October 3, 1864. Recruit. Hyde, George E. 18. September 3, 1864. Croton, N. Y. Died at City Point, Va., December i, 1864. Substitute. Irving, James. 21. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Died near Petersburg, Va., from wounds September 27, 1864. Transferred from Company H, fist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Johnson, David. 20. January 26, 1864. Jewett, N. Y. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., January 8, 1863. Longyear, David. 20. January 26, 1864. Cieremont, N. Y. Died at DeCamp general hospital August 25, 1864. Ostrander, John H. 28. August I, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at Anderson- ville, Ga., March 23, 1864. Peck, Tennant Jr. 44. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., December i, 1862. Pond, Dorlin J. 18. August 9, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Killed at James City, Va., October 16, 1863. Peck, Lyman P. 24. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Promoted Corporal August 8, 1862. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., January 14, 1863. Predmore, Frelinghuysen. 18. August 25, 1864. Hector, N. Y. Killed March 26, 1865. Substitute. Pampherin, William. 31. January 23, 1864. New York city. Transferred from Company H, 7ist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Died at Andersonville, Ga., August 17, 1864. Rhodes, William. 38. August 15, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., March, 1863. Kose, William H. 27. July 26, 1862. Promoted to Corporal July 26, 1862. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Schermerhorn, William H. 23. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at Andersonville, Ga., July 12, 1864. Van Loan, George. 18. August u, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Killed at Chancel- lorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. Van Dyke, John. Musician. 21. August 18, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at Culpepper, Va., September 27, 1863. DESERTED. Brizze, Levi. 32. August 19, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., October 9, 1862. Beach, Asa. 24. August 9, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp near Falmouth, Va., December 25, 1862. 250 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY F-Continued. DESERTED Continued. Benjamin, George W. 19. August 12, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Deserted from Tilton general hospital, Wilmington, Del., July 5, 1864. Downey, William. 20. August 28, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from Company H, yist N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Deserted in the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Faulkner, George W. 24. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Corporal August 8, 1862. Deserted from camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., September 16/1862. Garrity, John W. 28. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans ferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Deserted near Spottsyl- vania, Va., May 10, 1864. Ham, William. 33. August 1 1, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted while home on furlough March 15, 1863. Lake, Richard. 30. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp near Fairfax Seminary October 9, 1862. McCue, Patrick. 36. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans ferred from Company H, 7 1st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Deserted near Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 1864. Nagel, John. 18. August 5, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted from DeCamp *" general hospital December 5, 1862. Powell, James D. 18. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., September 17, 1862. Steward, Robert. 39. August 19, 1862. Kingston, N. Y. Deserted in New York city August 25, 1862. Tresch, Louis. 18. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Deserted from DeCamp general hospital December 10, 1864. Van Valkenburg, William S. 21. August 16, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted near Wolf Run Shoals, Va., November 24, 1862. Wiltsee, Joseph T. 22. July 29, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted near Gettys burg July 5, 1863. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 289 COMPANY G. Company G was recruited in Saugerties by Captain Scott and Lieu tenant Russell, and was filled up by the recruits enlisted by Lieuten ant Hyde in the town of Lloyd. It left Kingston with the above named officers and eighty-five enlisted men. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action and died of wounds, officers i Killed in action and died of wounds, men 15 Died prisoners of war 6 Died of disease. 3 Total deaths in service There were discharged for physical disability : Enlisted men J 2 12 Discharged for promotion Transferred, etc, : Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 7 Deserted 3 Mnstered out with regiment and by general orders. 40 50 It received by transfer from other companies 2 officers, recruits 5, and 50 veterans from the y2nd Regiment. Of the additions to the Company : Killed in action and died of wounds. . Discharged Transferred Mustered out and discharged by general orders. . Total enrollment 19 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY G-Continued. CAPTAINS. Scott, Walter F. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Major February 4, 1865. Died at Chapaultepec, Mexico, October 8, 1881. Swart, Ira. 26. July 28, 1862, as private. Promoted to Corporal August 31,, 1862; to Sergeant, February 3, 1863; to First Sergeant, July I, 1863; to Sec ond Lieutenant, June 24, 1864; to First Lieutenant, December 31, 1864; to Captain, February 4, 1865. Living in Saugerties, N. Y. t FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Russel!, Edmund Me C. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Appointed Adjutant May 1, 1863; Brevet Captain, U. S. V. Died January 14, 1874. Kimble, Warren. August II, 1862. Kingston. Private, Company H. Pro moted to Corporal August 22, 1862; to Sergeant, February 20, 1863; to Sec ond Lieutenant. December I, 1864; to First Lieutenant, Company G, Febru ary 4, 1865. Wounded on leg and scalp October 27, 1804. Living in Sauger ties, N. Y. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Hyde, James A. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to First Lieutenant May I, 1863; to Captain, Company A, May 21, 1864. Wounded. Living at Marlborough, N. Y. Carle, Jason. 24. Promoted from First Sergeant to Seqond Lieutenant May I, 1863. Killed at Gettysburg, Penn., July 2, 1863. Moffat, John S. 18. Promoted from Sergeant of Company F to Second Lieuten ant of Company C February 4, 1865. FIRST SERGEANTS. Deyo, Silas W. 18. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged to receive promotion to Second Lieutenant, Company D, December 31, 1864. Dead. Smith, George L. 21. July 28, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to First Sergeant May i, 1863. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Syrne, Samuel. 34. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Promoted to First Sergeant December 25, 1864. Killed at Hatcher s Run, Va., March 25, 1865. Wygant, Marcelus. 21. August 14, 1862. Lloyd. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant July I, 1863. Taken prisoner at James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Wounded in hip March 31, 1865. Promoted to First Sergeant April 1, 1865. Living in Saugerties. SERGEANTS. Deyo, Hackaliah B. 21. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Promoted to Sergeant April 1, 1865. Dead. Edwards, John H. 21. August 8, 1862. Saugerties. Killed June 2, 1864. Reynolds, Joseph. 18. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. Wounded May 6, 1864. Promoted from Corporal. Died of wounds received February 5, 1865. Tate, George. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to Non-Commissioned Staff. Lyon, Jacob. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Wounded March 31, 1865. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Bailey, Milo V. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Detailed as Clerk at division headquarters. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. 6*. VOLS. 2 Q I COMPANY G-Continued. SERGEANTS Continued. Reynolds, Henry. 24. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Wounded in action March 25, 1865. Mustered out in accordance with General Order No. 77, from War Department, A. G. O., April 28, 1865. CORPORALS. Teetsell, Jeremiah. 21. August 21, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal February 25, 1863. Living at Saugerties, N. Y. Smith, William H. 20. August 21, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Dead. Howley, Patrick. 21. August 21, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Brooklyn. Wolven, John C. 25. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal April I, 1865. Wounded June 16, 1864, near Petersburg. Saugerties, N. Y. Hommel, David W. 19. August 19, 1862. .Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal April i, 1865. Taken prisoner March I, 1865. Saugerties, N. Y. Wolven, Ethan. 21. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal April i, 1865. Saugerties, N. Y. Teetsel, Paul S. 20. August 7, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner near James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Bowman, Abram V. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Discharged from U. S. general hospital on Surgeon s certificate of disability May 1 8, 1865. Walker, James K . 26. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability February 10, 1863. New York city. Schmidt, George. 37. August 13, 1862. Sau<rerties. W T ounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 16, 1864. Saugerties, N. Y. Pelton, Dennis. 18. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. FIFER. Straub, Albert. 31. July 31, 1862. Saugerties. Living at Hunter, N. Y. DRUMMER. Van Hoesen, George W. 18. August 15, 1862. Saugerties. Living at Brook lyn, N. Y. PRIVATES. Adams, Hoxie. 21. August II, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y. Transferred to V.jR. C. April 6, 1864. Bleeker, Stephen. 26. August 14, 1862- Lloyd. Wounded in hand in Wilder- ness May 5, 1864. Taken prisoner March 31, 1865. Bevier, Lewis C. 18. August 18, 1862. Lloyd. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Burritt, Francis J. 22. August 22, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded in hip at Chancellorsville, Va., and in foot at Games Mill May 31, 1864. Saugerties. Barritt Sylvester. 18. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Highwoods, Ulster county, N. Y. Barrows, Frank. 19. August 19, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Fort Scott, Kansas. 2Q2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY G-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Bovven, John. 23. August n, 1862. Dunkirk. On detached service in division supply train. Dunkirk, N. Y. Barber, Isaac W. 19. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Mine Run No vember 27, 1863. Bugbee, Alfred P. 18. December 28, 1863. Dunkirk. Died December 19, 1864, of wounds received October 18, 1864. Barrett, William. 18. August 16, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y. Taken prisoner Octo ber 10, 1863. Bovvyer, Edward. 19. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. Dunkirk, N. Y. Burleigh, Philip. 24. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Missing in action October 27, 1864. To be mustered out in accordance with General Order No. 77 from War Department A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Cullen, Lawrence. 23. August 18, 1862. Lloyd. Dead. Calhoun, Archibald. 22. August 9, 1862. Lloyd. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863. Highland, N. Y. Carnwright, George E. 21. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863. Wounded in right arm March 25, 1865. Saugerties. Chapman, Edwin. 18. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Prisoner March 31, 1865. Carle, Lawrence. 21. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863. Died at Anderson ville, Ga., August 13, 1864. Coe, Lewis. 23. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged from U. S. general hospital on Surgeon s certificate of disability May 10, 1865. Cole, George W. 18. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged from U. S. general hospital on Surgeon s certificate of disability January , 1863. West Saugerties. Dillon, Lewis M. 29. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg. Dunagan, John H. 32. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Shokan, N. Y. Dunn, William. 20. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. Deswald, Patrick. 30. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Duryea, John F. 21. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Dillon, William. 42. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans ferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Killed in action October 27, 1864. DuBois, Charles W. 18. August 8, 1862. Lloyd. Missing in action at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. (Ezekiel H. Winter of Company G, i2Oth, said he helped bury C. W. DuBois at Gettysburg.) Errien, Gottlieb. 22. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72110! N. Y. V. Frazine, Charles E. 27. August 29, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Flesher, George. 19. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Cleveland, Ohio. Fisher, Henry. 35. August 16, 1862. Lloyd. Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2Q3 COMPANY G-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Fiero, Frederick L. 21. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Deserted from U. S. hospital in 1863. Gatchell, Orin L. 31. August 12, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Griffin, George W. 21. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Shandaken, N. Y. Goetcheus, Albert E. 20. August 19, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. Hassenger, Philip. 37. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Saugerties, N. Y. Horton, Samuel M. 18. August 14, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y. Harris, Francis E. 33. August 23, 1863. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed as guard at 2nd division hospital. Holt, William I. 22. August 18, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Hornellsville, N. Y. Horn, George. 24. Angust 15, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Taken prisoner March 31, 1865. Howe, Ralph P. 21. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Wounded June ^o, 1864. Leg amputated. Discharged January 7, 1865. Hallenbeck, John H. 36. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City, Va , October 10, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison June 10, 1864. Hanks, Cyrus. 18. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Killed in action October 5,1864. Hussey, Edward. 38. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Killed in action October 27, 1864. Hornbeck, Cornelius C. 35. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Deserted at Wolf Run Shoals, Va., November 22, 1862. Johnson, Charles. 18. August 8, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Mine Run Novem ber 28, 1863, and November 6, 1864. Tohnson, William. 28. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Tohnson George. 25. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Jones, Thomas C. 23. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed as butcher at division headquarters. Dunkirk, N. Y. Johnson, William II . 24. August 14, 1862. Lloyd. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Kernan, James. 18. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V, Wounded October 2, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Kelly, Edward. 35. August 8, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Lewis, Chauncey. 18. August 8, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability December 16, 1862. Laughlin, Joseph. 40. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Lutze, Philip. 25. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Moe, Joseph. 39. August 18, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Batth Anna May 24, 1864. Dead. 294 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY G-Continued. PR 1 v ATES Continued. Muller, Walter P. 19. August 13, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed as Clerk at 2nd division hospital. Corner Canal and Seventh street, Buffalo, N. Y. Mower, Christopher C. 19. July 30, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City October 10, 1863. Mullin, Peter. 41. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. December 12, 1864. Motto, Simon. 39. December 22, 1863. Saugerties. Recruit. Wounded in Wilderness May 5, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Dead. McGuire, Hugh. 35. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Wounded October 27, 1864. Leg amputated. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Minard, William C. 19. August 1 1, 1862. Lloyd. Died at Falmouth, Va., February 28, 1863. Neil, Lewis. 18. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability November 21, 1863. Noonan, Patrick. 32. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Newkirk, Manassa. 26. August u, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Neil, Adam H. 21. August II, 1862. Lloyd. Killed at Mine Run November 27, 1863. O Durrel, George. 32. August II, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. on Military railroad, General Orders No. 43. Dunkirk, N. Y. O Neil, William. 25. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Lost right arm in action October 2, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability March 27, 1865. Palmateer, Joseph C. 21. August 9, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability February 14, 1864. Purdy, George E. 23. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability January 16, 1863. Plass, Herman. 44. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner, James City, October 10, 1863. Died in Andersonville, Ga., April 30, 1864. Quinlan, Peter. 40. August I, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner at James City October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga., April 30, 1864. Rease, David. 25. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Detailed as Provost Guard, division headquarters. Rose, Marquis D. L. 18. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Highland, N. Y. Rose, John H. 19. February 18, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Missing in action March 25, 1865. To be mustered out in accordance with General Orders No. 77, from \Var Department, A. G. O., April 28, 1865. Richardson, Frank L. 24. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Richardson, Charles P. 20. January 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Wounded March 8, 1865. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Rider, John W. 18. August 29, 1862. Dunkirk. Killed at Hatcher s Run March 25, 1865. Snyder, Paul. 22. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City October 10, 1863. West Saugerties. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 96 COMPANY G-Continued. PR I VAXES Continued. Shader Abram. 22 August 22, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May n, 1864, and March 31, 1865. Hurley, N. Y. Shader, John. 19. August. 4, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May 5, 1864 and March 25, 1865. New York city. Sickles, Robert W 32. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City October 10, 1863. Saugerties. Smith George E. 19. August 19, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed to Battery K, 4th U. b. Artillery. Schoonmaker, David W. 21. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Dead. Skidmore, Charles. 20. August 13, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed to Military R. R., General Orders No. 43. Stillman,_ Henry C. 19. July 19, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed as Clerk to Medical Department, division headquarters. Snyder, Charles. 27. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability February 9, 1863. Shaw, Levi. 25. December 30, 1863. Saugerties. Recruit. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Saugerties, N. Y. Smith, Jacob. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Taylor, Lorenzo. 27. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed in Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Virginia. Teetsell, Jeremiah H. 28. August 8, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded in hand. Quarry ville, Ulster Co., N. V. Tobias, Abram. 25. August 8, 1862. Lloyd. Taken prisoner at James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga., August 18, 1864. Teetsell, Peter W. 19. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Died in camp near Fal- mouth, Va., April 5, 1863. Teetsell, Solomon. 20. August n, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Teetsell, James H. 25. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital Decem ber 24, 1864, of wounds received October 27, 1864. Teetsell, Peter J. 35. August i, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May 31, 1864. Thompson, Frank L. 29. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd Trask, Henry V. 25. August 16, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Wounded March 25, 1865. Turk, Abram. 21. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged by order of Judge J. H. McGunn April 4, 1863. Re-enlisted in Company M, 2nd N. Y. M. V. December 29, 1863. Taken prisoner June 6, 1864. Teetsell, James W. 18. January 2, 1864. Saugerties. Recruit. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. . New York city. Van Aken, Elijah. 20. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Gettysburg Julv 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. Saugerties. Vandervoort, James H. 23. August II, 1862. Lloyd. Deserted from U. S. general hospital in 1864. "Wilson, Charles. 27. September 2, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed as nurse in U. S. general hospital to Sidney Wilson. Wilson, Sidney. 18. September I, 1862. Dunkirk. \Vounded at Gettysburg. Both legs amputated. 296 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY G-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Wilbur, Samuel G. 19. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Shandaken, N. Y. Walker, James R. 27. January 4, 1864. Saugerties. Recruit. Wounded May 5, 1864. Missing in action October 27, 1864. Winter, William H. 24. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded November 27, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability April 30, 1864. Died February, 1870. Winter, Ezekiel. 18. August 19, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability March 12, 1863. Willis, Percival. 42. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability January 16, 1863. Winans, James W. 18. August II, 1862. Saugerties. Transferred to V. R. C. January 16, 1864. New York city. Ward, Patrick. 30. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Whitaker, Sheldon B. 22. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital in Alexandria July 4, 1864, of wounds received June 2, 1864. Youngs, John V. B. 21. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed as Wagoner Brigade supply train. West Saugerties. Youngs, George E. 28. August 7, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Dead. Youngs, Peter W. 18. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital at Brandy Station, Va., April 5, 1864, of typhoid fever. NOTE. When date of discharge is not given in this Company, the soldiers were- discharged with the Regiment, June 3, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2Q7 COMPANY H. Company H was raised by Captain Charles H. McEntee and Lieu tenants James K. Holmes and Michael E. Creighton. It was mus tered with the regiment August 22 nd, 1862, with the above named officers and eighty-six enlisted men. Its losses from the original members were : Killed in action and died of wounds, officers 4 Killed in action and died of wounds, men 6 Died prisoners of war 4 Died of disease, officers ! Died of disease, men 5 Total deaths in service 21 Tliere were discharged for physical disability : Discharged for disability 1 1 ii Discharged for promotion i Transferred, etc. : Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 1 1 Deserted g Served to close of war, officers i Served to close of war, men 37 58 89 Of the additions to the Company : Received by promotion, other companies, officers. . 2 Recruits in 1 864 1 6 Transferred from yist and y2nd Regiments 45 63 Total enrollment 152 Many of the transferred men never joined the company, and quite a number that did join it were soon discharged by expiration of term of service. Of the additional number of men received three died in service. 298 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY H-Continued. CAPTAINS. McEntee, Charles H. 20. August 18, 1862. Kingston. December 21, 1862. A gallant and promising young officer stricken with brain fever and died at the beginning of his military career on December 21, 1862, at Falmouth, Va. His remains lie in Montrepose Cemetery, Rondout, where loving parents have erected a broken colum to mark his resting place. Holmes, James K. 30. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted from First Lieutenant December 21, 1862. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Creighton, Michael E. 27. August 22, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Pro moted to First Lieutenant December 21, 1862. Fell mortally wounded at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, while bravely cheering his men against the charge of Barksdale s Mississippi Brigade. He died during the night and was buried on the field. His remains were a few days afterward removed by his brother and re-interred at Hawley, Pa. Lockwood, John J. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston. May 5, 1864. Mustered as Sergeant. Promoted to First Sergeant October 6, 1862. To First Lieu tenant January 16, 1864. Killed at the Battle of the Wilderness while in com mand of Company K and buried on the field. Carr, Albert. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. November 25, 1864. Promoted from Sergeant-Major May 5, 1864. Discharged for disability. Residence, Kingston. Drake, Marquis M. 30. January 30, 1865. Dimwiddie, Va. V. V. Trans ferred from 72nd N. Y. V. as Sergeant to Company D. Promoted to First Lieutenant Company H. Residence, Buffalo, N. Y. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Cockburn, William J. 29. August 22, 1862. Kingston. July 22, 1863. Mus tered in as Commissary-Sergeant. Promoted to Second Lieutenant December 21, 1862. Died at Harrisburgh of wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. Dederick, William H. 23. August 22, 1862. Kingston. September 20, 1864. Mustered as Sergeant. Promoted Second Lieutenant August 16, 1864. Killed on picket line in front of Petersburg. His remains were sent home and now lie in the Reformed Church yard at Kaatsban, N. Y. A braver soldier or truer patriot was not in the service. Kemble, Warren. 21. August, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant from Corporal February n, 1863. To. First Sergeant August 16, 1864. To Second Lieutenant December I, 1864. To First Lieutenant February 4, 1865, and transferred to Company G, i2Oth N. Y. V. Residence, Saugerties, N. Y. Hayes, Eugene F. Second Lieutenant. Mustered February 4, 1865. Mustered into service as private August 22, 1862. Promoted to Commissary-Sergeant February 11, 1863. Promoted to Second Lieutenant February 4, 1865. Resi dence, New York city. SERGEANTS. Conway, Andrew J. 38. July 28, 1862. Kingston. October 6, 1862. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Maxwell, John W. 27. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged prisoner. Discharged General Order 77. De La Mater, Charles K. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 99 COMPANY H-Continued. SERGEANTS Continued. Whittaker, James 30. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant Sep tember 20 1862. Captured October 10, 1863. Wounded December 13, 1862. Discharged General Order No. 77, 1865. Myers, Bartholomew T. 19. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3 1865 i ransferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted to Sergeant Jan uary I, 1865. Torrey Edwin H. 28. December 23, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. 1865. o c rransferred from 7 2n d Regiment. Promoted to First Sergeant March I, 1865. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged General Order No. 77. Ross, Orville A. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. February 3,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted to Second Lieutenant Company K. Weaver, Jacob. 23. August n, 1862. Kingston. January 12, 1863. Pro moted from Corporal October 20, 1862. Died at Falmouth, Va. Reisenberger, George C. 18. August 12, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted to Corporal January I, 1865. To Sergeant February 4, 1865. Smith, George B. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 186;. Promoted to Sergeant May I, 1865. Tappen, Hiram R. 22. August 15, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro moted to Sergeant June 16, 1864. To Commissary- Sergeant February 4, 1865. Cram, Augustus. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. March 26, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged on Surgeon s certfi- cate. CORPORALS. Fox, William. 21. August 7, 1862. Kingston. February 6, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. DeWitt, Andrew N. 38. August 2, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed at Gettysburg. Goetcheus, Benjamin F. 22. July 23, 1862. Kingston. February 13, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Conklin, Elijah. 35. August 14, 1862. Promoted to Corporal February 1 1, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged prisoner at Vicksburg. Dis charged General Order 77. Snyder, Peter. 18. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted to Corporal February 4, 1865. Jones, Charles W. 23. August 13, 1862. Kingston. March 16, 1864. Trans ferred, to V. R. C. Garrison, Malachi. 26. August II, 1862. Kingston. August 29, 1863. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Maloney, Patrick. 23. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Wounded March 25, 1865. In hospital. Discharged Gen eral Order No. 77. Pickard, Melvine E. 18. August 9, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Boy ne, John. 19. February 1 6, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Wounded November 5, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. 3OO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. COMPANY H-Continued. CORPORALS Continued. Bundy, James E. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1st Regiment. Prompted to Corporal April i, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Homer, Eugene L. 22. December 24, 1865. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Stafford, Austin. 24. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Captured March 25, 1865. Exchanged prisoner at Annapolis, Md. Lacey, John. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from hospital at Philadelphia August 31, 1863. MUSICIANS. Kelly, Richard. 14. November I, 1862. Alexandria, Va. Transferred from 7ist Regiment. Discharged General Order 77. Barber, George. 19. August 5, 1862. Kingston. April 16, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Zincke, Charles. 18. August 12, 1861. New York city. August 12, 1864. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Stienringer, George, 18. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Non- Commissioned Staff May I, 1864. Fairbanks, John W. 16. February 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regiment. PRIVATES. Arrold, Jacob J. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Served two years in Battery K, 4th N. Y. Artillery. Residence, Glasco, N. Y. Abernethy, James. 39. January 18, 1865. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. April 16, 1865. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Ashford, John (,). 40. September 3, 1864. Rochester, N. Y. June 3. Cap- tured March 25, 1865. Exchanged. Borley, John. 25. July 24, 1862. Kingston. October 28, 1865. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Brown, Lewis T. L. 20. February 24, 1864. Ashford, N. Y. June I, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Bunton, Andrew N. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. January I, 1864. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Brophy,^ Patrick. 30. July 23, 1862. Kingston. April 20, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Baker, Henry. 24. Dacember 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regi ment. Brown, William H. 18. September 5, 1864. Rochester, N. Y. June I, 1865. Wounded March 25, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Burns, John. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1st. Transferred to 73d. ^igg s James. 26. January 24, 1864. New York city. June I, 1865. Trans ferred from 7ist July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Brown, Daniel E. 24. July 31, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864. Died at City Point, Va. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 30 I COMPANY H-Continued. PR I v ATES Continued. Bundy, North. 18. February i, 1865. Kingston. Tune I, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Butterfield, Joseph W. 18. February 4, 1864. Ashford, N. Y. December 17 1864. Transferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Wounded October 16, 1864. Died at Washington, D. C., of wound. Casey, John. 18. August 2, 1862. Kingston. November 3, 1864. Died at City Point, Va., November 3, 1864. Cogswell, John. 30. August 18, 1862. Kingston. Captnred October 10, 1863. Exchanged prisoner at Annapolis, Md. Cockfair, Charles E. 36. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Received furlough February 21, 1863. Never returned to regiment. Cogswell, William H. 22. August 9, 1862. Kingston. May 3, 1863. Killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Va. Conklin, Arcs J. 27. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Captured May 6, 1864. Exchanged prisoner. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Christiana, Matthew. 19. August 6, 1862. Kingston. November 27, 1863. Killed at the Battle of Payne s Farm. Crook, James. 19. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 25, 1863. Doyle, James. 30. August 14, 1862. Kingston. August 5, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga. Dewey, Ira. 22. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded before Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. Downs, Patrick. 18. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Trans- ferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. DuPuy, Ira. 24. February 28, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Captured October 26, 1865. Exchanged. Dougherty, Thomas. 26. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3,1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1 st. DuBois, Peter D. 19. October 20, 1861. New York city. October 20, 1864. Transferred from 87th Regiment September 12, 1862. Expiration term of service. DuBois. Robert. 18. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 1st. * Eighmey, Peter. 21. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Deserted May 6, 1864. Ennist, Wilson. 23. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Deserted September 1 1, 1862. Edwards, Morris. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 7ist Regiment July 7, 1864. Fountain, Jeremiah. 30. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd June 20, 1864. Fox, John. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. April 28, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Farr, William C. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. March 6, 1863. Died at Fal mouth, Va. Ferris, Samuel. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans ferred from 72nd as absent, sick; never returned. Frisch, William. 36. September 13, 1864. Avon. Exchanged prisoner of war. Garrison, Weyant. 21. August II, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Harris, Edward H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Injured by falling tree February 8, 1865. In hospital. jO2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY H-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Hazzard, Henry. 34. August 5, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Hicks, Egbert. 33. August 7, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Hanley,John. 22. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Hall, Edmund. 25. August 12, 1862. Kingston. April 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Hayes, Joel N. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Died November 4, 1892, at Kingston, N. Y. Hobart, William. 1 8. December 29, 1863. Harmony. June i, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Transferred to 730!. Hoskins, Everitt L. 18. December 22, 1863. Harmony. June I, 1865. Trans ferred to 73d. Hall, Jacob. September 9, 1864. Transferred from 71 st July 7, 1864. Died at David s Island. Harris, Morgan L. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1862. Hertinstein, Christian. 27. July 16, 1861. Dunkirk. July 16, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Expiration term of service. Hess, George. 23. August 5, 1861. Kingston. August 5, 1864. Transferred from 7 1st Regiment July 2, 1864. Expiration time of service. Haffy, Cornelius. 30. May 2, 1861. Kingston. January 21, 1864. Trans ferred from 7 1st Regiment. Sentenced by general court martial to six months and four days service lost by desertion. Discharged by expiration of term. Imhoff, Adam. 20. July 25, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Johnson, James B. 25. December 25. Brandy Station, Virginia. January 10, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C. Johnson, Allen H. 22. August 27. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment October 31, 1864. Jenkins, James. 18. August 30. Avon. June 3, 1865. Jennings, Elijah. 35. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. Kniffin, William H. 21. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864. In general hospital. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Keegan, Thomas E. 38. September 3, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 7 1st. Absent since transfer. Kerr, John. 26. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1863. Lown, John W. 18. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864, and March 25, 1865. In hospital. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Lewis, Jeremiah. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. July 5, 1863. Died at Alexandria, Va. Lawler, John. 22. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Lyhan, John. 42. July 4, 1864. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Wounded April 6, 1865. Lindsley, Nelson E. 20. August 6, 1862. Kingston. October 16, 1864. Dis charged to accept promotion. McLoud, Francis. 33. August n, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. McNamara, George. 18. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd Regiment. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N, Y.S. VOLS. 30^ COMPANY H-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. McAlear Charles. 18. August 9, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3. 1865 Trans ferred from 72nd Regiment. , :86 4 . McDonald, Edward. 31. February 4, 1864. Kingston. McKenna, Niel. 32. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted. July 2 186- Myers^William M. 18. August 5, 1862. Deserted from hospital January iS, Moul, Ira. 18. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Deserted June 15, 1863. Miller, Peter. 23. September 3, 1864. Alexandria, N. Y. June i 186=; 1 ransferred to 73d Regiment. More, James. 32. February 25, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Myers, Edgar C. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. May 12, 1863. Died at Potomac Cieek, Va. Maloney, Cornelius. 20. August 7, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd Regiment. Murphy, Timothy. 28. August 15, 1862. Kingston. April 30, 1863. Returned to 7 1st Regiment as a deserter from that regiment. Member, George S. 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. September I 186^5 Transferred to V. R. C. Near, Sylvester. 38. July 23, 1862. Kingston. May i, 1864. Transferred to O Reilly, John. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 7ist Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regi ment. Porter, George. 32. January 5, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Perkins, Pizarro. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Taken prisoner March 25, 1865, at Elmira, N. Y. Reddenberry, William. 27. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd. Attached to Battery K, 4th N. Y. Artillery. Ruton, Cornelius. 36. September 3, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 7 1st. Randall, Uriah S. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Robinson, Charles A. 32. August 14, 1862. Kingston. September 12, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Rowan, Henry. 27. February 10, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Trans ferred to 73d Regiment. Rodamer, Chauncey F. 43. August 18, 1862. Kingston. October 10, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Roots, William F. 21. August 4, 1862. Kingston. July 7, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Rodgers, Orville P. 18. August 29, 1864. Avon. November 9, 1864. Sub stitute. Killed in action front of Petersburg. 3O4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY H-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Slater, William. 32. July 28, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Slater, John. 38. August 16, 1862. Kingston. April 23, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Smith, Leonard. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from hospital August 31, 1864. Schivykardt, Philip. 34. August 30, 1864. Avon. June I, 1865. Substitute. Wounded October 26, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Struse, Frederick. 24. February 2, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Trans ferred to 73d Regiment. Sickler, Victor S. 30. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Sentenced by general court martial to serve until October 24, 1866, on one-half pay to make good time lost by desertion. Transferred to 73d Regiment. Story, Lewis M. 18. December 22, 1863. Ellington. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. In general hospital, Buffalo, N. Y. Snyder, Henry. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. February 15, 1864. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Sickler, Cyrus. 24. August 4, 1862. Kingston. February 27, 1863. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Sickler, Ezra. 21. August 18, 1862. Kingston. September I, 1864. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Snooks, Emery W. 26. August 12, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Smith, James. 32. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Slauson, Ira M. 31. August 26, 1864. Avon. June 3, 1865. Substitute for one year. Sheeley, George W. 18. September 3, 1864. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Sub stitute one year. Trudden, John. 20. August 12, 1862, Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Taylor, George. 20. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1863. Thayer, Ruben E. 19. February 3, 1864. Ellicott. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 73d Regiment. Toner, Frederick. 35. December 31, 1864. Chautauqua. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Todd, Edward. 40. December 29, 1863. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Sick at general hospital. Terwilliger, James H. 20. January 15, 1864. Transferred from 87th Regiment. Wounded July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Van Wart, Frederick. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Van Buren, Hiram. 27. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864. In hospital. Discharged under General Order 77. Van Aiken, Christopher C. 24. August 13, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded May 5, and November 29, 1864. Vetter, David. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wood, William S. 21. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Captured October lo, 1863, at Annapolis. Prisoner. Exchanged. Wirtner, Baldas. 38. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd June 20, 1864. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 30 5 COMPANY H-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Winter, Theodore. 39. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Absent, wounded. Wirtner, Martin. 40. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. October 19, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Discharged for disability. Williams, David. 30. August n, 1862. Kingston. April 20, 1863. Dis charged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Wonder, George H. 21. August 12, 1862. Kingston. January n, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Yates, Charles M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. January II, 1864. Trans ferred to V. R. C. 20 3O6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I. Company I was recruited in Kingston by Francis W. Reynolds, and was known as the Havelock Company. Its first officers were : Captain Francis W. Reynolds, First Lieutenant Alexander Austin, and Second Lieutenant John S. Burhans. Captain Reynolds was wounded at Chancellorsville so severely that he was unable to remain in the service. Lieutenant John B. Krom of Company C was pro moted to Captain and had command until disabled by a wound. Lieutenant A. M. Barber, formerly of Company B, was promoted to- Captain and commanded it until its muster out. First Lieutenant Austin was discharged for physical disability and Second Lieutenant Burhans was killed at Gettysburg, Pa. The Company was mustered in United States service with three commissioned officers, and ninety- one enlisted men. Its losses from the original membees were : Killed in action and died from wounds, officers . i Killed in action and died from wounds, men 12 Died prisoners of war, enlisted men 7 Died of disease 7 Total deaths in service 27 There were discharged for physical disability : Officers 2 Men 13 1 5 Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 2 Transferred, etc. : Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 7 Transferred to Signal Corps i Deserted : 7 Mustered out by general orders 35 50 Carried forward 94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I-Continued. Brought forward 94 It received by traasfer from other companies 4 officers. On the muster out of the yist and 72nd Regiments in Jnly, 1864, the men of those regiments whose terms of enlistment had not expired were transferred to the i2Oth Regiment. Company I received 42, and also received 19 recruits. Many of the transferred men never joined the company, being absent sick or on detached service. Of the additions to the Company : Killed in action and died from wounds 5 Died of disease 3 Discharged for physical disability, officers 2 Discharged for physical disability, men. 8 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps i Transferred to 73rd Regiment, .N. Y. Y 24 Deserted i Mustered out by general orders, officers i Mustered out bv general orders, men 18 63 Total enrollment 157 CAPTAINS. Reynolds, Francis W. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 14, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability from wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Died at Kingston April 20, 1870. Krum, John B. 22. . August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 19, 1864. Pro moted from First Lieutenant Company C. Discharged by special order 354 War Department for wounds received in action. Residence, High lalls, N. Y. Barber, Ambrose M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted from private Company B to Sergeant November I, 1863. To Sergeant- Major May 5, 1864. Second Lieutenant Company B August 16, 1864. lo Captain Company I February 4, 1865. Residence, Brooklyn, N. \ . FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Austin, Alexander. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 7, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Wounded at Gettysburg. Brooks, Thaddeus C. 22. July 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro moted from Sergeant Company A to Second Lieutenant June 24, 1804, in Company A. To First Lieutenant Company I. 3 o8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I-Continued. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Burhans,John R. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. Buried at Kingston, N. Y. Rider, Albert E. 20. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from Corporal Co. B. Discharged October 8, 1864, Special Order No. 338, A. G. O., Wai- Department. Residence, Albany, N. Y. Cook, Philander. 25. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1865. Transferred from Company G, 82nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864, as Corporal. Promoted to Second Lieutenant February 20, 1865. FIRST SERGEANTS. Johnston. Eugene C. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Captured at James City Octobdr 10, 1863. Promoted to Second Lieutenant. Not mustered. Discharged, under General Orders No. 77. Residence, Albany. SERGEANTS. Jackson, James G. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. March 7, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Residence, Kingston, N. Y. DuBois, Lewis A. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged August 16, 1864, to receive commission in Company E. Bussimer, Louis. 30. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence, Kingston, N. Y. Fisk, Charles W. 26. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence, Jersey City, N. J. Hale, Wilbur L. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted from Corporal March 7, 1863. Was wounded in right hand, right cheek bone and left hip at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Captured at James City October 10, 1863. Exchanged October 20, 1864. Acting Sergeant-Major from May 15, 1865, until return and muster out of regiment. Residence, Rondout, N. Y. Edson, Henry W. 29. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. June i, 1865. CORPORALS. Delanoy, James M. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Myer, Gilbert. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. i Killed in action at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. Barnes, Josiah D. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Gettys burg July 2, 1863. Delamater, William P. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died in Division hos pital, Falmouth, Va., January 28, 1863, of typhoid fever. Mead, Edgar H. 21. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Lewis, Egbert. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted to Corporal August 25, 1864. Residence, Rondout, N. Y. Roosa, John P. 24. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. \Vounded May 3, 1863, and May 5, 1864, and March 31, 1865. Residence, Hurley, N. Y. Bishop, Ellis H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Severely wounded March 25, 1865. Died at Rondout, N. Y. Hart, Griffin A. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. \Vounded at Chancellors- ville May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. March 16, 1864. Residence, Kingston, N. Y. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 39 COMPANY I-Continued. CORPORALS Continued. Weaver, George W. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted January 10, 1863. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. May 31, 1864. Died at Kingston July 14, 1883. Carle, Ezra. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Detailed to Ambulance Corps February, 1863. Taken prisoner at Mine Run, Va. Discharged under Gen eral Orders No. 77. Servoss, Norman W. 22. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Promoted March I, 1865. Wounded and in general hospital. Barrows, Alvin E. 20. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment, N. Y. V., June I, 1865. Hanchett, James H. 23. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d IS. V . V. Died at Waverly, Iowa, 1890. Hough John M. 26. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Absent, wounded. Trans ferred to 73d N. Y. V. MUSICIANS. McClung, Richard. 15. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi dence, Kingston, N. Y. Smith, George E. 16. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 5, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Grimes, Thomas. 17. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia V.V. Transferred from Company G, 7 2nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. 1 ransferred to 73nd N. Y. V. June I, 1865. Hay, Alexander. 18. December 10, 1863. Dunkirk N. Y. Recruit. Trans ferred from Company G, 7 2nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to 73 d N. Y. V. June i, 1865. PRIVATES. Adams, James L. 18. September 2, 1864. Rushford, N. Y. June 3, 1865. One year substitute. Anglewood, John. 37. September 3, 1862. Buffalo, N. Y. June 3, I Transferred from Company G, 72110!., July 24, 1864. Ambler, George W. 30. September 8, 1862 Dunkirk, N. Y. from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed on U. S. Military R. R. Burgess. William D. 18. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wound* July 2, 1863. Residence, Rondout, N. \ . Benson, Clinton M. 37. September II, 1862 Dunkirk, June 3, 1865. Trans- ferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. eon. 25. December 21, 1863. Transferred from Company G, 7 2nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d June I, 1865. Burns, William. 24. August 15, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed m ac tion at Gettysburg, Pa. 3IO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I-Continued. PR i v ATES Continued. Bogard, Theodore. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa. Burhans, Abram. 27. August 14, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa. Bacon, Milton S. 22. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N.Y. V. July 24, 1864. Killed May 23, 1864. Burke, William H. 19. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner, July 14, 1863. Died in Military prison, May 19, 1864. Brockett, Jerry. 38. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N Y. V. June i, 1865. Dallas, Berry. 21. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. July 24, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.June i, 1865. Carle, Uriah. 26. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Carle, Peter. 31. July 5, 1864. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Drafted. Chichester, E. W. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Detailed to Battery K, 4th Artillery. Residence, New York City. Casper, Conrad H. 23. August 18. 1862. Kingston. October, 1863. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Captain in Regular Army. Chichester, John H. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. November 6, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Cornelius, Alonzo G. 24. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Signal Corps, Army Potomac, Order General Meade. Residence, Dobbs Ferry, N. Y. Clapper, Jacob. 18. August 20, 1862. Kingston. September 30, 1864. Killed on picket in front of Petersburg, Va. Campbell, Henry M. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 21, 1863. Currie, Daniel II. 21. August 21, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from general hospital. Clark, Myrick. 19. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 3, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Went to hospital. Never returned to regiment. Delamater, William. 24. August 8, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Detailed at Corps headquarters. Drautz, Louis. 18. August n, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Died at Ron- dout, 1892. Pavis, John W. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. Discharged. General Order 77. Taken prisoner at Spottsylvania. Davis, Green L. 20. August 15, 1862. Kingston. November 6, 1863. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Wounded, May 3, 1863. Residence, Marbletown, N. Y. Davis, Clark. 27. August 16, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Dwyer, Edmond. 26. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Eckert, David. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Eltinge, John H. 18. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. Eltinge, David R. 33. August, 1862. Kingston. April 9, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863." Discharged by order General Dix, New York. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. J OLS. 3 I I COMPANY I-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Eighmey, Miles M. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Gettysburg. Everett, John. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Fuller, Lyman. 21. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd. Captured October 25, 1864, at Camp Parole. Fox, Charles A. 22. August I, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Fout, Michael. 18. February 13, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. France, James N. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. May 5, 1864. Killed in action at the Wilderness. Garry, Michael. 19. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd July 24, 1864. Deserted August 9, 1864. Goeler, William E. 27. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 730!. Gibson, DewittJ. 19. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Gagan, Henry. 19. December 16, 1863. Dunkirk. June I, 1865. Recruit. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Gridley, Joseph. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 23, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. Hagan, Francis. 45. August 3, 1861. New York. November 15, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Hoyt, Lewis. 29. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Hulbert, Jasper. 21. August, 1862. Kingston. August 14, 1863. Died from wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Hunt, Melvin H. 25. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. October 14,1864. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Killed in front of Petersburg. Hoar, Henry J. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. October 30, 1864. Cap tured October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville. Joy, Albert E. 19. August 22, 1864. Colesville. March 21, 1865. Substi tute. Died in general hospital. Johnston, Richard A. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. May 16, 1864. Cap tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Jones, John R. 19. August 18, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863. Died 1872. Jago, Thomas. 17. November 5, 1861. New York. November 15, 1864, Transferred from 72nd. Keyes, George. 20. August 20, 1862. Kingston. May 15, 1863. Discharged for physical disability. Luckenbach, Frederick. 20. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Captured July 15, 1863. Exchanged. Lacy, Sherman. 20. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Lunger, Munroe. 20. August 30, 1864. Catharine. June 3, 1865. Substitute. Louden, Samuel B. 23. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded February 5, 1865. Transferred to 73d. 312 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Longyear, Aaron. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. January 15, 1865. Died at Auger general hospital. Lewis, Alonzo. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. March 6, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died in Richmond hospital. Mitchell, John. 19. August 21, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864. Cap tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Mawlin, Robert. 18. September I, 1864. Perry ville. March 25, 1865. Sub stitute. Killed in charge in front of Petersburg. Mahar, Michael. 36. August 27, 1864. Galen. March 25, 1865. Substitute. Killed in charge in front of Petersburg. Marshall, George. 18. August 26, 1864. Colesville. January 26, 1865. Died in hospital of typhoid fever. Moe, John J. 35. August 18, 1862. Kingston. January 25, 1864. Captured October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville. McMurdy, Egbert. 25. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded September,. 1864. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Dead. Myer, Andrew. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Wounded. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Maguill, Robert. 32. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1863. Myers, John H. 24. August 21, 1862. Kingston. May 28, 1865. Died in division hospital. McGregor, Duncan. 32. September 10, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Morley, Harry D. 24. August 3, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Expiration of term. Mason, Charles. 18. August 3, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Morris, Jonathan. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 14, 1863. Dis charged for physical disability. McKenna, Francis. 29. February 10, 1865. New York. June I, 1865. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. McGuire, Thomas. 33. February 12, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,. 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Northrup, Calvin. 24. August 19, 1863. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Recruit. Northrup, Austin. 21 December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Osterhoudt, William. 34. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from furlough January, 1863. Osgood, Joshua. 22. August 3, 1861. Westfield. September 23, 1864. Dis charged for physical disability. Pettis, Williard. 18. August 26, 1864. Colesville. Substitute. Wounded March 25. Died April 16, 1865. Peck, George W. 19. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence, Kingston. Parr, James. 20. August 15, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd, Riseley, Aaron N. 18. August 14, 1862. Woodstock. Taken prisoner October 10, 1863. Exchanged, at Camp Parole. Residence, Woodstock. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 I 3 COMPANY I-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Reynolds Ezra L 18 August 22, 1864. Coleville. Substitute captured No- vember 6, 1864, at Camp Parole. h 72nd! 8 AUgUSt 3 l86l< Westfield - Au S us t 7 , 1864. Transferred Russell Jacob. 43 August 13, 1862. Kingston. September 13, 1863. Died of disease at N. Y. general hospital. Shore, Lewis M. 18. September 3, 1864. Grottus. September 17, 1864. Died of typhoid fever at division hospital. Slater, John H. 22. August 20, 1862. Kingston. January 14, 1864. Died of typhoid fever at general hospital. Smith, Andrew. 32. August 19, 1862. Kingston. April 11, 1863. Died of heart disease at at regiment hospital. Schepmoes, Samuel H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1864. Wounded September 20, 1864. Died at Kingston, 1893. Sutton, Andrew. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Sick at general hospital. Mustered out General Order No. 77. Shultis, Daniel. 29. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Streeter, Harvey H. 18. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Detailed to 4th N. Y. A. Skeets, Samuel. 23. September 5, 1864. China. Substitute. Captured March 31, 1865. Stow, Theodore H. C. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Tanuary 7, 1863. Discharged for physical disability. Smith, John J. 43. August 14, 1862. Kingston. September 12, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Shader, Christopher T. 19. August 16, 1862. Kingston. July 18, 1864. Dis charged for wounds received at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Residence, Kings ton. Smedus, Nathanial B. 27. August 18,1862. Kingston. May 16,1865. Wounded September 15, 1864. Residence, Kingston. Schaffner, Frederick. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. May I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72110!. Transferred to V. R. C. Schnader, Charles. 36. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Turner, Hugh. 24. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I, 1865. V. V. Transfsrred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Taylor, David L. 25. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 21, 1863. Terwilliger, Jacob R. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Trempbour, John C. 28. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Van Keuren, Bruyn. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Died 1873- Vanderbogert, John J. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Vandeveer, Brodhead W. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Van Nostrand, Marenus. 18. August 18, 1862. Kingston. November 21, 1864. Wounded May 5, 1864. Discharged for physical disability. Resi dence, New York. Volgstead, Francis. 32. December 4, 1863. Dunkirk. June I, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Transferred to 7jd. 3 I 4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY I-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Vanderbogert, Philip. 19. August 18, 1862. Kingston. January 22, 1863. Died of typhoid fever at division hospital. Van Aiken, Jeremiah. 26. August 19, 1862. Kingston. February 5, 1863. Died of typhoid fever at division hospital. Vandemark, William E. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864. Killed in charge on Fort Davis, Petersburg, Virginia. Van Gaasbeck, John T. 18. Augest 18, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Richmond, Va. Warner, Justus. 26. August 11, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in battle of Gettysburg. Walker, George W. 20. February 1 6, 1864. New York. June I, 1865. Taken prisoner May 5, 1864, in Wilderness. Recruit. Transferred to 73d. Willis, Charles. 19. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from general hos pital. Whittier, Joseph. 25. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Captured October 27, 1864. Warren, Samuel. 18. September 2, 1864. Andover. June 3, 1865. Substitute. Webster, William C. 22. February 13. 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Captured March 25, 1865. Willing, John C. 20. August 3, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans ferred from 72nd. Expiration term, enlistment. Webber, William B. 33. August 12, 1862. Kinsgton. December 26, 1862. Discharged for disability. Winfield, Jacob H. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. December 23, 1864. Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant 2Oth N. Y. M. Residence, Washington, D. C. Young, Jeremiah. 18. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 6, 1864. Lost a leg. Residence, Accord, N. Y. Youse, Frederick P. 27. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 I 5 \J COMPANY K. Company K was raised in the towns of Cairo, Greenville, Dur ham and Windham, Greene County. Durham raised by voluntary subscriptions through the efforts of A. H. Hayes, Supervisor of the town, a bounty of fifty dollars for each recruit from that town, in ad dition to the State bounty of fifty dollars, and the United States bounty of one hundred dollars. The first enlistment for this Com pany was on July 3ist, and inside of twenty days it was in camp at Kingston with full ranks. It was mustered into the United States service with the regiment August 22nd, 1862, and was a part of the regiment during its whole term of service. The first winter at Fal- mouth, Va., it suffered severely from sickness by April ist, 1863, thirteen of its number had died from disease and exposure. At Chancellorsville it had one man mortally wounded and three severely wounded. At Gettysburg it lost one officer and five men killed and mortally wounded, and one officer and fifteen men wounded out of forty men engaged in action. At James City eleven men were cap tured, six of whom died at Andersonville, the other captured men were prisoners from twelve to eighteen months. In the Wilderness campaign, Lieutenant John I. Lockwood was killed while temporar ily in command of the Company. Its losses from the original members were : Killed and mortally wounded in action, officers. .. i Killed and mortally wounded in action, men 8 Died at Andersonville 6 Died of disease and exposure 1 8 Total deaths in service 33 There were discharged for physical disability : Officers i Men 9 10 Transferred, etc. : Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, men 9 Transferred by promotion and to other regiments. . 2 Carried forward - i r 43 I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S.-VOLS. COMPANY K-Continued. Brought forward n 43 Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 39 Deserted 7 57 100 Of the additions to the Company : Received by promotion from other companies, officers 2 Recruits in 1 864 6 Transferred from 7ist and 72nd Regiments, July, 1864.- . 58 66 Total enrollment 1 66 Of these transferred men only sixteen joined the Company, the others being absent, sick, detailed, missing in action, deserters, etc. One of these men was killed in action and one died of disease. The others were mustered out with the regiment and by general orders or transferred to the 73d Regiment. CAPTAINS. Pierson, James M. 32. August 22, 1862. Cairo. March 17, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Re-entered the service as Captain I5th N. Y. Eng. Served to close of the war. Married. Living in New York city. Barker, Ayers G. 30. August 22, 1862. Greenville. July 2, 1863. First Lieutenant Company A, 2Oth N. Y. M. Three months service. Promoted from First Lieutenant March 17, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Left a family. Everett, James H. 25. August 22, 1863. Durham. June 3, 1865. Promoted from Second Lieutenant to rank from July 2, 1863. Detailed to Draft Ren dezvous N. Y., July 27, 1863. Returned to regiment August 7, 1864. Slightly wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. Severely on picket line in front of Fort Sedgvvick September 12, 1864. Breveted Major N. Y. V. Located in Kingston August I, 1866. Married. Engaged in the wholesale flour, feed and provision trade. Was first Commander of Pratt Post, No. 127, G. A. R. Has been President and Treasurer of the !2Oth Regimental Union. Was elected to the New York Assembly of 1890 from the First District of Ulster County. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. Barber, George P. 25. August 22, 1862. Catskill. June 3, 1865. Promoted from Quartermaster-Sergeant May I, 1863. For 18 years Mr. Barber was one of the City Editors of the Pittsburg Dispatch, and later was employed on the Times in the same capacity. Died in Pittsburg, Pa., May 4, 1888. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 3 I / COMPANY K-Continued. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Funck, Henry. Transferred from yist Regiment as First Sergeant. Promoted to Second Lieutenant October 12, 1864. Promoted to First Lieutenant Company E, February 4, 1865. Ross, Orville A. 18, June, 1861. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd Regiment as Sergeant October, 1864. Was in all the battles of the Ex celsior Brigade, including Spottsylvania Court House, where he was severely wounded in left thigh, and was in hospital five months. V. V. First Ser geant January I, 1865. Second Lieutenant February 4, 1865. Occupation salesman. Address, Cleveland, Ohio. SERGEANTS. Richtmyer, James H. 23. July 31, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1863. Returned to ranks June 7, 1864. Service with Pioneer Corps. Ebersole, Charles. 23. December 22, 1863. April 28, 1865. Transferred from 72nd August 20, 1863, Corporal. First Sergeant October 12, 1864. Discharged by General Order 77. Lake, Philetus. 21. August 19, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. First Ser geant April I, 1865. Wounded in hip and shoulder in front of Petersburg June 16, 1864. Residence, Oneonta, N. Y. Woolhiser, Charles P. 20. August 2, 1862. Windham. Wounded in leg at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged by General Order W. D. No. 77. Jones, Daniel S. 22. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Detailed to Division Ambulance Corps May I, 1863. Present occupation, farmer. Resi dence, East Durham. Has been Justice of the Peace the past 12 years. Craft, Albert. 22. August 13, 1862. Ashland. June 8, 1865. Promoted from Corporal November I, 1864. Wounded in right hand March 25, 1865. Dis charged under General Order No. 77 from Lincoln general hospital, Wash- ington, D. C. His father and six of his father s brothers were in the war for the Union. His grandfather was a Captain in the war of 1812. Is now engaged in farming at Hobart, Delaware county, N. Y. Sheffield, Mil o. 21. August 2, 1862. Windham. September 12, 1862. De serted from camp near Washington. Grannis, Charles O. 20. July 31, 1862. Cairo. Promoted from Corporal March I, 1865. Wounded at Chancellorsville. Taken prisoner at James City, confined in Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville 14 months. 3 months service in 1861 with 2Oth N. Y. M. Discharged from Annapolis Junction, Md. by General Order No. 77. Has been a letter carrier in New York city since September 13, 1870. McWilliams, John B. 21. August 15, 1862. Cairo. December 11, 1862. Died of disease at Fairfax Seminary hospital. Walters, Nelson. 27. August 1 1, 1862. Cairo. June 2, 1864. Captured at James City, October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Plimley, William. 23. August 12, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. June 3, 1865 Pro moted to Corporal Sergeant, Second and First Lieutenant and Brevet Captain U S V Served as aid on staff of Brigadier-General, McAllister. Ap pointed clerk in New York city Post Office in 1865. Promoted to General Superintendent of the Money Order Department. A position he still holds. Hannah, James D. 23. December 23, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V. Trans- ferred from 72nd. Discharged as supernumary. Rice George B. 42. December 22, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged as supernumary. i8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY K-Continuecl. SERGEANTS Continued. Rice, William H. 28.^ August 12, 1862. October 18, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged as supernumary. Wilson, Edward. 36. December 23, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V Trans ferred from 7 1st. Discharged as supernumary. CORPORALS. Cornwall, George W. 22. August 5, 1862. Cairo. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Smith Henry. 27 August 9, 1862. Durham. April 10, 1864. Transferred to V. 1\. v^ JL)C3,C1 Johnson, William. 35. August 11, 1862. Greenville. February 18 1864 Discharged for disability. Layman, Chauncey. 35. August 1 1, 1862. Durham. August 18 1864 Can tured at James City, October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Brooks, Isaac N. 22. August 18, 1862. Greenville. April 7 186? Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Belts, John H. 24. July 31 1862. Cairo. May 12, 1865. Severely wounded in neck at Gettysburg. Mustered out by General Order No. 77. Died 1884 Tibbals, George H. 19. August 2, 1862. Windham. July 2, 1867. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Banks, Sherwood. 22. August 15, 1862. Durham. January 10, 1864 Trans ferred to V. R. C. Bennett, Lemuel L. 19. August 4, 1862. Cairo. Promoted May i 1861 Present residence, Catskill. J White, George E. 19. August 6, 1862. Ashland. June 5, 1865 Captured October 10 1863 Paroled November 20, 1864. Discharged from Annapolis Junction, Md. Present occupation, painter. Residence, Pulaski, N. Y. Howard, Isaac S. 22 August 19 1862. Cairo. June 29, 1865. Promoted Nov. I, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865. Occupation, carpenter. Resi dence, Cairo, N. Y. Crane Charles H 18 August 15, 1862. Durham. Tune 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg!!, July 2, 1863. Promoted Nov. i, 1864. Manufacturer. De posit, N. Y. Walters, Stephen. 19. August 19, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted March i, 1865. Married. Three children at Bon Homme, South Dakota. Hammond, William. 41. August 5, 1862. New York city. April 28 186? Transferred from 72nd. Wounded July 30, 1864. Manck, John. 24. August 24, 1862. Sheridan. June 3, 186,-. Transferred from 72nd. Morris, Thomas II. 26. August 16, 1862. Cairo. 1862. Deserted from hospital. MUSICIANS. Spencer, Luther H. 18. August 12, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Cabinet maker. Hudson, N. Y. DeFrate, Edsell. 22. August n, 1862. Durham. Transferred to 2oth Regi ment V. R. C. Re-enlisted in Regulars. Died at Fort Maginnes, Montana, February 24, 1886. McDonald, Michael. 24. December 25, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. Gore, William T. 17. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 7ist. Transferred to 73d. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 I 9 PRIVATES. COMPANY K-Continued. Augustus, Nathan. 22 .August 14, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865 Wounded at Gettysburg. Died at Oak Hill, N. Y., 1886. Abbott William M. 25 September 26, 1862. Transferred from 7 2nd Clerk at Camp Parole. Discharged under General Orders No. 77 Ammerman, George P. 21. August n, 1862. New York city. Time- i86<. Iransferred from 72nu July 21, 1864. y J J 5 Arnold, Jacob 30. August i, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, i86c Transfer^ from 72nd October 30, 1864. Austin, William M. 42. August 4, 1862. Greenville. April 26 1864 Dis charged by order Major-General Hancock. Abrams, Epinetus. 38 August 5, 1862. Greenville. May 26, 1863 Died of wounds received at Chancellorsville. Abrams, William 40. August 5, 1862. Greenville. July 2, 1863. Brother of above. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Babcock, Minard .28. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred Dakotl 2 3 l864 RCSideS at Burbank Clay County?iouth Berry, Joseph. 18. August 26, 1864. Oswego. June 3, 1865. Substitute. Bullard David H. 23. August 15, 1862. Windham. June 3, i86c. Wounded y Urg ^ iU WdSt at MinC Run> Ham smaker Pratts N A Y., 2 i 3 88o AUgUSt 4> l862 Windham " J une 3> 1865. Died at Burgess Allan D. 23. August 5, 1862. Greenville. November 21, 1862 Died oi disease at St. Aloysing hospital, Washington. Brown, Warren. 19. August 14, 1862. Durham. April 14, 1864. Captured October 10, 1862. Died at Andersonville. Blaisdell, John. 28. August 10, 1862. Greenville. June 25, 1863. Deserted- Barnes, John. 36. August 25, 1862. New York city. November 7 1864 Transferred from 72nd. Died of wounds near Petersburg, Va. Craw, Lucius. 23. August 9, 1862. Greenville. June 25, 1863. Deserted. Curry, Ebenezer. 36. August 8, 1862. Transferred from 72nd. Deserted while on furlough May 17, 1864. Core, Thomas. 38. August 12, 1861. New York city. Transferred from 72nd July 21, 1864. Deserted from Signal Corps. Butcher, John. 20. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Missing in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Chappel, Lewis. 23. August 14, 1862. Cairo. April 28, 1865. Discharged under General Orders No. 27, W. D. Conway. Isaac. 39. August 19, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Cudbirth, Thomas. 18. August 25, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Carson, Robert. 37. September 13, 1861. New York city. September 14, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged on expiration of term. Cunningham, Patrick. 27. December 22, 1864. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Cornell, Leonard B. 17. August 11, 1862. Windham. August 19, 1865. Wounded in thigh and arm; bone splintered in both. Transferred to V. R. C. Lawyer, Catskill, until 1885. Receiver, etc., U. S. Land Office at Spokane Falls, W. T. 32O ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH X. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY K-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Cornell, Isaac N. 55. August n, 1862. Windham. July 2, 1863. Father of above missing at Gettysburg. Undoubtedly killed. Crandell, John F. 21. August n, 1862. Windham. July 9, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Dobler, George. 27. December 25, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Absent, wounded. Transferred to 73d. Donaldson, Frederick. 22. September 10, 1861. Boston, Mass. September 10, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged. Expiration of term. Eldrige, Theodore. 25. August 10, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Fry, Joseph H. 23. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Teamster. Died at Buffalo. Felt, Alvin B. 23. August II, 1862. Cairo. April 12, 1865. In all the engagements of the Regiment to Battle of the Wilderness inclusive, where he was severely wounded. Transferred to V. R. C. and discharged thereupon on Surgeon s certificate of disability. Has since resided in Philadelphia and Rich Hill, Pa. Occupation, agent and farmer. Fitzgibbon, Patrick. 40. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C. March 19, 1865. Fitzsimmons, Thomas. 42. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Missing in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Germain, Irving T. 18. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded June 27, 1864. Golder, George W. 34. August 21, 1862. New York city. April } 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged by General Orders No. 77. Gorslin, James M. 21. August 12, 1862. Cairo. February 12, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Griffin, Charles B. 18. August n, 1862. February 3, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Green, John. 25. September I, 1864. Howard. Substitute. Transferred to 73d. Hemsley, Grove. 18. August 31, 1864. Dryden. Substitute. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged by General Orders No. 77. Hallo well t John. 21. September 22, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded in right hand. Discharged by General Order 77. Hannah, George. 39. August 19, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged by General Order 77. Hopkins, William W. 36. August 7, 1862. Windham. Discharged by Gen - eral Order 77. Died at Windam August 6, 1865. Hardick, John. 44. August, 1862. Windam. June 3, 1865. Dead. Hallenbeck, William. 23. August, 1862. Durham. April 28, 1865. Captured October 10, 1863. At Andersonville, till near the close of the war. Discharged at Annapolis, Md., General Order 77. Resides at Oak Hill. Occupation, moulder. Hollohan, Robert. 33. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded May 6, 1864. Transferred to 73d. Iligley, John R. 24. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Halley, Patrick. 21. November 7? 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Ex-prisoner. Discharged by General Order 77. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 321 COMPANY K-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Hotchkiss, Lewis. 23. August, 1862. Durham. June n, 186-?. Died at Wash ington, D. C. Ilapeman, Robert 18. August 4, 1862. Windham. February 7, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Holmes, Charles. 28. August 13, 1862. Windham. February i, 1863. Died of disease at Annapolis, Md. I lollenbeck, Edward. 27. August n, 1862. Durham. November 30, 1862 Deserted. Jameson, Samuel. 36. August 16, 1862. New York city. June 3 i86c Transferred from 72nd. Johnson, Frank. 18. August 23, 1862. Oswego, June 3, 1865. Substitute. Johnson, John. 40. September 13, 1862. New York city. December 8, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged for disability. Judd, Ezekiel K. 16. August 4, 1862. Windham. May 12, 1864. Discharged for disability. Living at Red Oak, Iowa. Jennie, John F. 18. August 4, 1862. Windham. Transferred to V. R. C. Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant 215 Pennsylvania Volunteers. Mustered out August 11, 1865. Secretary of Hudson Insurance Company of Jersey City, from 1868 to 1880. Appointed United States Consul at Neuvie Laredo, Mexico, January, 1880. Transferred to Simcoe, Canada, September, 1882. Died there of consumption April 22, 1883. Kiser, Frank M. 18. September I, 1864. Dryden. June 3, 1865. Substitute. Kinch, Harvey. 40. August 24, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Knapp, Ambrose. 21. August n, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. Detailed to Battery K. 4th U. S. Artillery. Quarryman, \Vilton, Greene County, N. Y. Koch, Herman. 20. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Kipp, Henry C. 20. August 19, 1862. Greenville. March 13, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Keating, Thomas. 39. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd as missing in action, May 10, 1864. Lee, Robert. 18. August I, 1862. Cairo. June 22, 1865. Detailed to Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Accidently injured October, 1864, and transferred to V. R. C. Teamster, Cairo, N. Y. Lee, Stewart. 25. August I, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Regimental team, ster. Teamster, \Vest Hurley. Lennon, Lewis B. 23. August u, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Died at Cairo, 1889. Lindsley, Charles L. 22. August 1 1, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Layman, Alexander. 18. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3,^1865. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. McGuire, John. 20. August 25, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged by General Orders No. 77. McGuire, Michael. 26. September I, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd. Captured March 31, 1865. Ex-prisoner at Annapolis, Md. Murphy, John. 24. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Ab sent. Sick. Transferred to 73d. 21 322 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY K-Continued. PR IV ATES Continued. Maynard, Ililand. 26. August 13, 1862. Windham. January 29, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. McCloskey, Dennis. 30. August 15, 1862. Durham. July 2, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Marshall, Joseph. 20. August 16, 1862. Windham. Wounded at Gettysburg. Missing in action, May 5, 1864. Never heard from. Missell, John. 40. August 12, 1862. New York city. October 12, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Died of disease at Beverly, N. J. Nolen, Thomas. 40. December 2, 1 86 1. New York city. December 2, 1864. Transferred frcm 72nd. Discharged expiration enlistment. Olmstead, Willis. 20. August 12, 1862. Windham. Sick in general hospital. Mustered out General Order 77. O Brien, Patrick. 28. December 25, 1863. Transferred from ;ist as deserted from furlough April I, 1864. Preston, David S. 24. August 12, 1862. Windham. June 3, 1865. Living at Catskill. Post; Ezra R. 29. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded in thigh at Gettysburg. In hospital seven months. Pension $2 per month. Living at Lansingburg, N. Y. Palmer, John. 35. August 2, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Pipp, John. 41. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded March 25, 1865. Mustered out General Order No. 77. Pepper, Jasper W. 18. August 31, 1864. Reading. June 3, 1865. Substi tute. Paul, James D. 42. August 12, 1861. New York city. August 12, 186^. Transferred from 72110!. Mustered out expiration term. Porter, Orin. 22. August 8, 1862. Durham. November 28, 1862. Discharged for disability February, 1864. Enlisted in I5th N. Y. Eng. Mustered out with regiment. Farmer, Sandage, Kansas. Perkins, John. 41. December 22, 1863. April 28, 1865. V. V. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged General Order 77. Payne, Charles R. 27. August u, 1862. Windham. May 5, 1864. Killed in action at battle of the Wilderness. Quinn, Christopher. 26. December 22, 1862. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Robinson, Samuel. 30. August 26, 1862. Sheridan. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Teamster division supply team. Rockafellow, Hiram. 22. August 18, 1862. Durham. July 10, 1863. Dis charged for disability. Rearadon, John 40. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded March 25, 1865. Transferred to 73d. Richardson, William. 25. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Russell, Peter. 27. August 13, 1862. Greenville. May 10, 1863. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va. Rood, Almeran. 21. August 18, 1862. Durham. January 26, 1864. Died of disease at Brandy Station, Virginia. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 323 COMPANY K-Continued. PRIVATES - Continued. Reynolds, Ira S 15. August 4, 1862. Windham. August 10, 1864 Wounded in thigh at Gettysburg. Transferred to 2 oth Regiment, V. R. C Discha med Poso. A R. amier aiK SC tCaCer Wmdham. Pas Stoddard, Lorenzo F. 19. August 15, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Silvernail, David. 19. August 16, 1862. Cairo. Absent, sick. Discharged General Order 77 April 28, 1865. Spencer, William H. 24. August 16, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Captured October TO, 1863. In Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville until April 6 1865. Farmer. Acra, N. Y. Shortman, John II 19. August 14, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Captured jort N Y A pds ner l8 montns > l8 da ys- Paper-maker. Stock- Smith, Allen T. 19. August 12, 1862. Durham. [111163,1865. . Wounded Sutherland, Walter. 20. August 15, 1862. Durham. December 6 1862. Dis charged for disability. Scutt, Robert. 38. August 4, 1862. Cairo. June 12, 1863. Discharged for disability. Living at Catskill. Stevenson, Robert A. 21. August 21, 1861. New York city. August 12, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged. Expiration of term. Smith, Origen A. 24. August u, 1862. Durham. September I, 1867. Trans ferred to V. R. C. Smith, Henry A. 26. August n, 1862. Durham. September I, 1862. Claimed as a deserter from 4th N. Y. A. Smith, Charles. 19. December 31, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d. Snyder, M. L. Demerest. 18. August u, 1862. Durham. March 10, 186?. Died at Falmouth, Va. Snyder, Edward. 32. August 13, 1862. Windham. March 27, 1863. Died at Falmouth, Va. Slater, Smith. 20. August u, 1862. Windham. March 8, 1863. Died at Fal mouth, Va. Strawbinger, Andrew. 41. August 19, 1862. Cairo. October 15, 1863. Died at Fairfax Seminary Hospital. Sleigle, John R. 42. August I, 1862, Durham. Wounded at Gettysburg. Captured October lo, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Talcot, Charles H. 25. September 30, 1862. Brooklyn. June 3, 1865. Trans ferred from 72nd. Taylor, George. 34. August 20, 1862. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded in Wilderness. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Thomas, William A. 26. August 8, 1862. Cairo. September 12, 1862. Deserted. Vining, William II. 18. August n, 1862. Cairo. March 4, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg. Discharged for disability. 324 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. COMPANY K-Continued. PRIVATES Continued. Van Aiken, Giles. 25. August 12, 1862. Windliam. November 8, 1863. Wounded. Transferred to V. R. C. Discharged July 13, 1865. Living at Margaretville, N. Y. Wiltsie, George. 24. August II, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Regimental teamster. Died 1884. Waterman, Alfred. 49. August 8, 1862. Ashland. December 14, 1862. Died at general hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. Wheeler, Truman H. 32. August n, 1862. Durham. October 8, 1863. W T ounded at Gettysburg. Died from effect at hospital in Baltimore. Wilbur Esseck G. 22. August 11, 1862. September 15, 1864. Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Extracts from his prison diary are published in the Regimental History. Williams, John II. 39. September 19, 1861. New York city. September 24, 1864. Transferred from 72nd. Walters, Moses. 18. August 7, 1862. Cairo. October 14, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg, resulting in loss of foot. Light House Keeper, Coxsackie, N. V . Whitman, Lawrence D. 18. August n, 1862. Cairo. June 25, 1863. Deserted. Yerger, Mathias. 32. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. SUMMARY OF LOSS BY DEATH FROM THE FOREGOING COMPANY RECORDS. COMPANIES. KILLED AND DIED OF WOUNDS DIED OF DISEASE, IN PRISON ,&c Total Officers. Men. Total. Officers. Men. Total. Enroll ment. Field and Staff. Company A... I 12 3 9 ; 9 17 144 - !4 14 I 14 15 164 9 9 . H 14 152 E.__ F... 2 I 9 13 8 1 1 14 8 9 12 16 9 12 16 I 3 6 53 176 H... I... I 4 20 6 17 21 10 18 I 9 3 J 7 9 45 152 K... I 9 10 25 25 1 66 Totals. II 117 128 3 148 ,5- 1,562 Total deaths in service, 279 ; Total wounded in action, as by Regimental Adjutant s report, 394 ; Total captured at James City (112) and at other places as by Adjutant s report (131), 243. There were over two thousand regiments in the Union Army. Fox s "Regimental Losses" gives the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment a place in his list of " three hundred fighting regiments," and also in his list of eleven regiments that includes every infantry regiment in the service which lost eight or more officers killed in any one engagement. He gives the killed and died of wounds at 151 ; died of disease in prison, etc., 182 ; a total of deaths in the service, 333. This differ ence ma\ be accounted for from the fact that the foregoing summary 326 ON/-: HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. of losses is made from the muster out rolls at the close of the war, while Fox s tables, published in 1889, are compiled largely from state records, after the fate of many men borne on the muster out rolls as "missing in action"/ had been ascertained. The following list of Battles of the One Hundred and Twentieth, and the number of killed and mortally wounded in each, with the notes following, is an extract from "Regimental Losses in The American Civil War," by William F. Fox, Lt. Col., U. S. V. : BATTLES. KILLED AND MORTALLY WOUNDED. Chancellorsville, Va 13 Gettysburg, Pa 54 James City, Va 3 Mine Run, Va 4 Wilderness, Va 1 1 Spottsylvania, Va 3 North Anna, Va i Totopotomoy, Va 3 Cold Harbor, Va 2 Siege of Petersburg, Va 25 Strawberry Plains, Va i Poplar Spring Church, Va i Boy d ton Road, Va 13 Hatcher s Run, Va. (March 25, 1865) 12 White Oak Road, Va 4 Picket Line, Va . i Present, also, at Fredericksburg ; Wapping Heights ; Kelly s Ford ; Po River ; Deep Bottom ; Sailor s Creek ; Farmville ; Appomattox. NOTES. Recruited in Ulster and Greene counties (Tenth Senatorial District), and organized at Kingston, N. Y. It was mustered into service on August 22, 1862, with 900 men, and was ordered imme diately to Washington, where it went into camp near the Chain Bridge. It was attached, soon after, to the famous Excelsior Brigade, in which command it was under fire at Fredericksburg, where a few of the men were wounded. The regiment was actively engaged at Chancellors ville then in Berry s Division exhibiting a commendable steadiness and efficiency. Its loss in that battle was 4 killed, 49 wounded, and ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. $2*] 13 missing. At Gettysburg in Humphrey s Division it became involved in the disaster of the second day s battle, but like the rest of the Third Corps, it fell back in good order to the second line, fighting as it \ven f . Its casualties in this battle aggregated 30 killed, 1 54 wounded, and 19 missing ; total, 203. Eight officers were killed and 9 wounded in that battle. The Third Corps having been merged into the Second, the One Hundred and Twentieth was placed in Brewster s Brigade of Mott s Division, and from that time fought under the Second Corps flags, the men, however, retaining their old Third Corps badge. Mott s division having been discontinued, the Excelsior Brigade was placed in Birney s (3d) Division, becoming the Fourth Brigade. General Mott succeeded eventually to the command of this division, and Colonel McAllister to that of the brigade. At the Wilderness the regiment lost 5 killed, 48 wounded, and 8 missing ; at the battle on the Boydton Road, 8 killed, 30 wounded, and 21 missing ; at Hatchers Run, 6 killed, 32 wounded, and 46 missing. Mustered out June 3, 1865. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS DUE AS STAMPED BELOW SENt ON ILL MAY 2 9 1998 U. C. BERKELEY FORM NO. DD 19 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720 H, M157152 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY RNIA L