^ 1 f C. C. BRIANT HISTORY SIXTH REGIMENT Indiana Volunteer Infantry. OF BOTH THE THREE MONTHS AND THREE YEARS SERVICES. This work contains, not only a complete history of the Sixth Indiana Regiment, its trials and hardships, the battles in which it was engaged, but a full description of every battle, its results, etc., also the losses on both sides, the number engaged on both sides, who the eorn- manding officers were, etc., a description of the country and the people and a thousand other items of gener.il interest to both the old soldier and the general reader, interspersed with anecdotes of the war. It also gives a record of every man that ever belonged to the regiment, telling when and where he enlisted, how long and in what capacity he served, show ing his promotional and what finally became of him, telling whether he was killed in action, died of wounds or disease, was cap tured or discharged, etc., and just when and where these things happened. Written from per sonal knoifIeaK yn^l.the, records, by the chosemHistorijm o>f the I^eg\ifteni, VERSAILLES, IND. \/ : ! <J. Vl}Ri\fli" Captain Company K. "* *? *.* * INDIANAPOLIS: WM. B. BURFORD, PRINTER AND BINDER. 1891 E 5 Ob -S ft 75 HTZK MM HI IT MMT MHHHT CI/!/. -.?i ,9lH*-<J /T9 f . /ill i . Jd -,yJJ ft -.0 1 ii , .!> .9i^T >Toffto xaii-ur.ni -i/ .dl B i rrp 9(q "<( 9/1- - Mo *r?T i:J-><; ol J< d trw i,..^ -, /-, !< !-H.- i^H - .fn%i:/ \ .;:;;. . t ffemoOJ 3JHfqhil In >!-,;: TJiS fo , M [t (f [ >|o<.J 7/1 ti? l; t ,l I PRHjB^^PE ! ^ ! b[<) TASfj II " MV;^ .->] j ( .,;-!l >7Hil ] .!i! ,Mlf<MI( l; !.. ! -<\> lUOdlhi .If -jjiji < .,::M! MJ T iii; lii-ui!j : ->.,Jl i!T/!< In If SeeM)ei-, 1881); T of iliV Kogriment. To itssiiiiu- tfj e Of sttert 1 ^ fa^kjat tins Ink day, it *i eim>d to iiii\ ! a ! i Oufage tlfat only m old Virteftm ^od IVl : Eiit I-dctoj^iirht-d: t<v liiako "fL^WoH. following ^ai^fe iirc l; tlie re^llt: n; T6 at ; - :; " thl sl task h ; a^ 1| re(|iiii 0(l mj ^(iHktali t a iid Itib or for - tli^ : piist ;; hv<v VlVita, sr^iU, 7f th^-^xJKvtatiV/n of -the fo\v dUM^H s (if hny rVgihteiit Avtio are left, ; I ^MIFHio liappV ^rl contented. My old eonirades^iVAy; at tiiViefeVtliiiik that 1 -I h aVO lo^t si-glit of <>\Vi >; dear o-ld 4-ej^irifeiit, Wdl&fri t-rfetl ^to^v^Tt e-a 1 W^tm^ tSf ifhcf KAjfifty rif tlie CiiMyei-hlndi" Bnr tliey iiWW l efflntfeV l iftlfe tliincr, .SpxV -tj^t is tliH:titl>ii^ MIX* only a few of tin- old bot^ Jeft >t\^ Kefttl tbe ^ov\k r and it- ^iiii^t,\Uv\e< >i 1 1 - prebensive enouj^li to reaeli a demand outside of ourselves. It is to be hoped that this " Little Book" will pass down into the hands of our chil dren, relatives and friends, as a "keepsake, and in order to make it interesting to all readers, 1 have endeavored to make it a *" readable hook, as well as a Reo-Jinental History. At this late day it is impossible to tfive all the minor points of our camp IV HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KKGIMKNT. I iff. and, no doubt, many Vf ry important oiifs liavf l)fen overlooked. But tlie part the Sixth Indiana Infantry took in tlie great task of helping to crush tlif great Rebellion has never been lost sight of for a moment. I have tried to give our dear old Sixth Regiment all the honor due it, without de tracting from that of others. The facts as stated are true as I understand them, and while some of my comrades may differ from me on minor points. They will please remember that those ditfereiices are not essential to a true history of our regiment. Of one thing I feel satisfied, and that is this, that the warm feeling our bovs have for our dear old regiment will not be lessened any by reading this work. While our children will learn to reverence the memory of the men who endured such hard ships and suffering for the preservation of mir country and the Hag. Asking the indulgence of all my old comrades for whatever may seem to them errors, I now bid them an affectionate farewell, in F.. C. and L. CHARLES ( . BRIAXT. ./,//// C lptfiut Co. K, tiM RC<I. Intl. Vol h\f. CONTENTS. THE CALL TO ARMS j A TABULATED STATEMENT OF THE OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN 12 THE ROUTE TO THE FIELD OF BATTLE til SIXTH REGIMENT INDIANA VOLUNTEERS, THREE MONTHS SERVICE 76 ENTERING NASHVILLE 96 THE BATTLE OF SHILOH 107 WE Go INTO CAMP 125 GENERAL HALLECK RELIEVED 136 OUR STAY AT CROW CREEK 145 GENERAL BUELL REMOVED 158 THE ARMY REORGANIZED 170 IN MURFRKESBORO AND RESTING UP 197 THE CHICKAMAUGA CAMPAIGN 218 THE BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA 227 THE SIEGE OF CHATTANOOGA 252 THE BATTLE OF CHATTANOOGA 268 WE MARCH TO THE RELIEF OF BURNSIDE 287 ATLANTA CAMPAIGN 306 THE BATTLE OF NEW HOPE 316 THE MOVE FROM KENNESAW 325 DESCRIPTION OF THE ROUTE HOME 335 TABULATED STATEMENT, ETC., WHICH SHOWS THE RECORD OF EVERY MAN THAT EVER BELONGED TO THE REGI MENT, IN THE THREE YEARS SERVICE 344 1JAO 3HT a FIT i; Tx;u*3T/.T*! ci3TA.rjAT A AS ^o a.iail :iHT or aiioH fl HT7I HOJiB^ -JO 3JTT/.H -3HT IKA J oxiil oO i7/ c.|.[ . xaan D- woa 3 TA xf. [ .... <iavoi/a3 .ua j l 071 n3Xi*^ Ar.;, - anT -,. qj yx.: -:fl-*-jM xl 3HT 3HT MKAO ATX A.IT A iO 3JTTAH 3HT wi a /oH an! THOMAS T. CRITTENDEN. HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. CHAPTER I. THE NEWS OF THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER. The call to arms Indiana not prepared for war The people rally to the rescue Great excitement among the people- Governor Morton s call to form regiments A great rush for first place Martial mtinic rings through the air The Sixth Indiana organized April 25, 61 She starts for the front. The news of the fall of Fort Sumter was con firmed, after several days and nights of intense suspense, by a dispatch received at Indianapolis, on Sunday morning, the 14th of April, 1861. On that day the loyal people of the United States abandoned the field of argument, and ceased to discuss measures and plans for the peaceable restoration of the national authority in the revolted States, and, with singular unanimity and deter mination, accepted the issue of war as the only means left to save and perpetuate the national ex istence and the priceless liberties so long enjoyed. The unprepared condition of Indiana at this junction is a matter concerning which no intelli gent man is ignorant. She had no money, no 1 2 i;|SYOK;Y 4 OI-\4;HK SIXTU KKOI.M I:N I . arms or munitions, no organized militia. The po sition of Governor Morton, \\lio hail harely entered upon the duties of his office, was surrounded witli responsibilities and embarrassments before un known and seemingly almost insurmountable, but wit)i a full understanding of the patriotic disposi tion of the people, and an unfaltering confidence in the justice of the cause in which be \va> about to engage. not a moment was lost in hesitation or distrust. The telegraph on the morning of the lf>th bore the following message from the Governor to Pres- idcnt Lincoln at Washinton : IV\K<TTIYI: IJKPAKT.MKNT <n- IMHANA, } INDIAN A FOLIS, April K>, 1X61. J To Aln-h<<in I/ iirol ,,. I r, .;</! tit of the United Staff*: On behalf of the State of Indiana. I tender to you, for the defence nf the Nation, and to uphold the authorit v of t In- ( ;>veniment . / // th<m.itml melt. Signed. OLIVEH T. Mnin^x. fiitn rnoi- of lii Hona. The same day the President issued his procla mation, calling forth the militia of the several States of the I n ion. to the aggregate number of seventy-five thousand volunteers, in order to sup press the rebellion and cause. the laws to be duly executed. The tpiota of Indiana \va> subsequently fixed by the Secretary of \Var at six regiments of infantry or riflemen, comprising, in officers and men, four thousand six hundred and eighty-three, to THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER. 3 serve for the period of three months, unless sooner discharged. On the 16th the Governor issued a proclamation, briefly reciting the acts of the rebel lion which had brought on the war, and calling upon the loyal and patriotic men of the State to the number of six regiments, to organize them selves into military companies, and forthwith re port the same to the Adjutant-General, in order that they might be speedily mustered into the service of the United States. The Honorable Lewis Wallace, of Crawfordsville, who had served in the Mexican War, and had, as a legislator and citizen, taken a deep interest in military affairs, was ail- pointed AdjutanT-General Colonel Thomas A. Morris, of Indianapolis, a graduate of the United States Military Academy, and an eminent citizen, was appointed Quarter- Master-General, and Isaiah Mansur, of Indianap olis, an experienced and prominent merchant, was appointed Commissary-General Instructions were issued in general orders by the Adjudant General for the formation of com panies ; the several military departments were speedily organized for business, and all available measures taken to till the quota with the least pos sible delay. To meet the extraordinary condition of affairs the Governor issued his call on the 19th of April to the members of the Legislature, requiring them to convene in special session, at the State Capital, on the 24th. 4 IIISIOKY ol THK SIX IH REGIMENT. In tlu- meantime, every da>s of community manifested the wildest entbusiam and most \\\\> excitement; public meetings to faciliate the for mation of companies, and to give expression to the sentiments of the people, touching their duty in the pending erisis. were lield in every city, town and neighborhood, and an ardent and unquench able military spirit was at once aroused that hid fair to embrace in its sweep every able-bodied man in the State. The day after the call was made tive hundred men were in ramp, and the Governor, apprehen sive (as was the whole country at the time) that an effort would he made hy the rebels to take possession of tbe Federal Capital, proposed to semi forward half a regiment, if required, although un able to furnish the necessary arms and equipments. Receiving no reply to this otter from the \\ at Department, it was renewed on the day following, and the number increased to one thousand men Hy the IWh. three days after the call, there were twenty-four hundred men in camp, and arrivals continued by every train. So rapid did volunteer ing proceed, in less than seven days more than twelve thousand men. or nearly three times the quota*required. had been tendered. Contests to secure the acceptance of companies were earnest and frequent. The question was not. Who will go?" but Who will be allowed to ^ o . " In many cases companies came forward without or ders. or rather in defiance of orders, in the hope THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER. 5 that they could be received, or that a second call would at once be made ; and frequently their en listment rolls contained twice, and even thrice, the number of names required. Hundreds who were unable to get into companies at home came singly and in squads to the general rendezvous on their own responsibility, and by combining with others in like condition, and with fragments from com panies having a surplus, formed new companies, and joined in the general clamor for acceptance. The response was as gratifying as it was uni versal, and left no doubt as to the entire and last ing devotion of Indiana to the fortunes of the Union. Like the sunlight the war fever per meated every locality. The " old flag " at once became sacred, and was proudly displayed in every breeze from the highest peaks of churches, school houses and private dwellings. The presentation of a stand of national colors by the patriotic ladies to each company w,as rarely omitted, and when ever practical, brass bands were provided to escort them to the general camp near the city, located in the State fair grounds, and known as Camp Morton. Throughout the State the people acted in the most liberal and patriotic manner, providing the men with blankets, underclothing, and other neces sary supplies which the authorities could not at the moment furnish. Families, suddenly deprived of husbands, fathers and brothers, upon whom they were dependent, 6 HI>TOI;Y OF TIII-: -IXTH REGIMENT. wore the recipients of all the assistance that abun dant hands and free hearts could give. Several railroad companies operating in tin- State announced that they would carry all regu larly enlisted volunteers free. Donations of money in munificent sums, were made by citizens and by the authorities of cities, towns and counties to aid the cause in various ways; and a number of banks and many wealthy capitalists offered to advance large sums to the State until provision should be made by the Legislature, or the General Govern ment, for equipping and providing for the troops. The eminent house of Winslow, Lanier & Co., of Xew York, long and honorably identified with the financial history of the State, tendered a loan of twenty-five thousand dollars without stipulations as to interest or the time when it should be repaid. The General Government being unable to fur nish clothing and equipments, required by the large force so suddenly brought into service, the State was compelled, through the Quartermaster- General to become a purchaser of these supplies, in open market at home. The duties of the Com missary-General, in subsisting the troops, were equally as important and responsible. Indeed every "department connected with the service was taxed to the utmost; the duties were novel, and the officers assigned to discharge them inexpe rienced and unskilled; yet better supplies were not furnished at any subsequent period during the war, or at so cheap a rate. THE FALL OF FORT SI T MTER. 7 On the 20th, live days after the call, orders were issued for the organization of the regiments. Drs. John S. Bobbe and Alois D. Gall were ap pointed Medical Inspectors and Major (afterwards Major-General) Thomas J. Wood of the regular army, who had been specially detailed by the Wai- Department for the purpose, proceeded to muster the troops into the service of the United States. On the same day, the Governor finding it im possible to restrain the tide of volunteering within the narrow limits of the three months call, and being impressed with the necessity and importance, as well as to the General Government as to the State, of immediately placing an overwhelming force in active service, tendered to the Secretary of War six additional regiments, without conditions as to the term of service, with the assurance that they would be organized if accepted in six days. Communication with Washington City by tele graph being cut off, no response to this offer was received. On the 23d, in a dispatch forwarded by special messenger, it was renewed, and the Gover nor at the same time expressed his determination to at once put the six additional regiments in camp and under discipline, and hold them subject, at least for a time, to the demand of the Govern ment. In every quarter, and especially in the counties bordering on the Ohio River, the most serious fears were entertained that the States would be invaded by rebel bands, known to be organizing in Ken- HISTORY 01 THE SIXTH REGIMIM tucky towns on the border. plundering and devas tating the country. Every movement of the enemy indicated an early demonstration against the loyal people north of the Potomac and the Ohio. The determination of the Governor to anticipate a second call of the President. by organizing and holding in readiness a well disciplined force, was therefore received with much satisfaction, particu larly the volunteers who had tendered their ser vices, and were impatiently awaiting at their homes, orders to march. Public confidence was encouraged by the prompt measures set on foot by the Governor to procure, through agents dis patched to the eastern cities and to Canada, a sup ply of first class arms for State use, and by the or ganization in many counties of companies of home guards, who were armed, for the time being, with squirrel rifles and fowling pieces, gathered up in their respective neighborhoods. The Legislature met in extra session on the 24rh of April, and, in a spirit of entire harmony, pro ceeded to the important duty of devising such measures as the critical state of the country seemed to demand. The Governor, in his special message, after reviewing the history of the seces sion movement, and the part already performed by tin- State in eompliance with the President s call, made tin- following recommendations: "In view of all the facts it becomes the imperative duty of Indiana to make suitable preparations for the con- by providing ample supplies of men and money THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER. 9 to insure the protection of the State and the Gen eral Government in the prosecution of the war to a speedy and successful termination. I, therefore, recommend that one million of dollars be appro priated for the purchase of arms .and munitions of war, and for the organization of such portion of the militia as may be deemed necessary for the emergency; that a militia system be devised and enacted, looking chiefly to volunteers, which shall insure the greatest protection to the State, and unity and efficiency of the force to be employed. That a law be enacted defining and punishing treason against the State; that a law be enacted suspending the collection of debts against those who may be actually employed in the military ser vice of the State or of the United States; that suitable provision be made by the issue of bonds of the State or otherwise, for raising the monev herein recommended to be appropriated ; and that all necessary and proper legislation be had to pro tect the business property and citizens of the State under the circumstances in which they are placed." The Legislature, to replenish the treasury, promptly authorized a war loan of two millions of dollars, and made the following appropriations : For general military purposes, one million dollars; for the purchase of arms, five hundred thousand dollars; for contingent military expenses, one hundred thousand dollars, and expenses of or ganizing and supporting the militia for two years, one hundred and fortv thousand dollars. 10 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. The following laws were also passed : To or gan I/A* the Indiana Militia : to provide tor tin- -in- ployment of six regiments of State troops; to provide for the appointment of a State Pay master ; to authorize counties to appropriate money for the protection and maintenance of the families of volunteers, for the purchase of arms and equip ments, and for. raising and maintaining military companies ; and to provide for the punishment of persons guilty of giving material aid and com fort to the enemy of this State, or of the United States, in a time of war. The three months regiments were fully organ ized, by the appointment of field and staff officers, on the 2 >th of April, and a thorough course of military training immediately instituted. In the Mexican War the State had five regiments, numbered from the First to the Fifth inclusive. To avoid historical confusion, therefore, the new regiments were numbered by beginning with the Sixth. Thus it will be seen that the Sixth Regi ment was the first one raised in the State in the War of the Rebellion. Among the names composing the old Sixth Regiment for the three months service, may be found the " Brave Boys " who were first to answer their countries call for help. In the contest for first place they won. It was purely a game of patriotism. It could not be said of them, that; "to the victors belong the spoils," as there were no spoils in the case. It was a pure and patriotic THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER. 11 disposition to bare their breasts in the face of the enemy of their country, and there was written in their countenance, in letters of fire that could not be mistaken victory or death. But these are not the only places where the name of the Grand Old Sixth will appear first among the Indiana patriots. Its members are among the first to appear in the book known as Indiana s "Roll of Honor;" and not only this, but, when generations yet unborn shall visit the great Soldiers Monument, at Indianapolis, and are gazing _ with wonder and astonishment upon this grand structure, erected in honor of the Indiana soldier, they may read, chiseled in pure white granite in letters that can never be erased, and standing at the head of the list, away up near the very top of this grand tower, the name of the Grand Old Sixth Indiana Volunteers. The companies comprising the Sixth Regiment for the three months service were raised in differ ent parts of the State, and each actuated hy a common cause, that of organization for the defense of the Union, were drawn to a common center for that purpose; and at Indianapolis in Camp Mor ton, on the 25th day of April, 1861, the organiza tion of the regiment was completed, and it was mustered into the United States service, and was composed of the following officers and men. III>TOKY OK TIIK SIXTH HK(iIMKM. h ^1 *! 25 z II ?1 "^"o -^^ g .- o . ^* i "3 8 jj wj g-^J H cr ^ ^ <y > ^ > M a ac N E - 1 7 c ^ & H a j^ X C * X H i. i H *" > 03 "^ *" 9) ^J~ > SB ^T > * 3 5 M O ^ C OD ^* . STRENGTH VOLUNT 111 |! Mus ered entered Kegt,3 111 < < ^^ ___ 1 _ ( z; QO s 00 00 06 H ^ o ^ rH I Q ^f ^ f r" g r o _^ ^ r3 rz3 rz3 U- 1 > Dfl ^ QS ; s. S. S, P^ i 3D EE <3 "*^ "^ w T. H . j -* PN rH r^ 35 ^^ fc I . ^2 ^D 00 ^ H ^^ p^ rH k"H H? X) , rv pt Ml _^ O CO W S W Q s ! ^ M vl ^ ^ p^ 5 ^ a. Pi M E < H, a r z H 1 6 . < Ed a d s 2 . ^ J z __ en ~ S K 1 ^ o 9) H ^ BQ w j H S s S <! |S E 3Q H ~ a- Q Z S H -S I M 5 H S l| i 1 3 1 < EH 5 s a j OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 13 i - > hi T K P VOQ &" - I 3 s a*| .PI g S w "3 i r 4 ud a *s ^ ". E3 ^ - > j s i^ 3 S S O .x S-* Q X ^~, ^^ nr^j^co (i> ^ q^ ^2 ^ ^ r ^3 o> ?p ^ oJ S Sc "x C 3 S To c3 3 OiQO C 3 5 Pq 1" * .S- lis-.s Si K C^ - S g 3 - a a i SS g I S * ^ hJ I 2 II I U h RG1 s -g EH OS 5 M *S nq " | . II fc B^ M a? DQ S i^ " Hi - > g -a $ S = 1 51 14 HISTORY <H TIM-: SIXTH REGIMENT. OS g co II a s Sj .~*> JSS- s- y . v oo 4-s if 5.0 K * S 3.S 5, 115 uste ente 2 Sis * Ck *" *&S. s~ 5 " f 11" 11* S2 f 22-5 C ,0 CD c eo 3 0) Bh 3 O> CO *> 0} - s s C <u ? *^K a rvice as 3 years e S3 "2 4, < s 1 sf CAPTAIN. s H. Abbe S ^ H 5 S B I I S 3 o i < C S x ^ "O l( Sol ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 15 2 as ^ ^ 3 * * I H ^ * "* i *> ? ^ "5 21 ~ a 1 *" O *H&4 *""^-.^*-L COM "~ O oi "* so aj "cL*-* 5; "Si "" * J oj w "S. a^aja^Sa^^js aS .a SSa JHOIOQ * g? > ^ S .2 .5 a> J J ** o*5 o5 o ? ^S g SS|B QO 11" 11" 11 1111^ 111 11* alS"Sct;<ufiiia;S-a oo^^ oo^ co^ ^c& %a& ^cot aa^^a? sas aa| SOlW 3a>W SmCO Ogs^co 2S 2 = S S S !XCL^ C-D-S S E E *E E E E &, & P, P, P. PH E "E E E -E E E a, p- a, a. a. cu o. o o o BCC can a a a ggg g g g M oo oo oo oo oo oo g * J ^ j M S | rt liS Mil Mil HtSTOm OK TIII-; SIXTH REGIMENT. 2c? -2 M 4-9 X U 3 !! fit aS asS I "a 5 | in expired ; as CMptxin ir* Hervice. rmaater. If gS SJ .-*> tl - r cc ^ 3 8 ^ CB J | 1 i B S ** 3 iij lirf f 5 11^ 1 ~ to I ^) CV > ^. ^ ! i a! Ill O 3 o ^ ~ ^^ 3D C "M 3 4> 00 S o 5 * S ^ * - S fc. * i I vc 00 1 i 1 1 "1 S sT s iO~ 1 Q! "C K I Si a. Q. 5- T -i i ^> 00 i oo 1 1 21 o ^ *^ ^^ rt -* H K 2 xT of 2 oT of aT O 3 s _ _ __ ^ 2 E 5 a "C a. o- s, i C o. "* ^ ^ < *< **3 ^ c c c 3 3 5 w i i g c c i N Q | 1 1 1 1 _c pti pfl ft ffi .2 ~ 3 3 c *c c o B o C o tin M M M ss a r g r- z g pq a ^ ^ W H ; x tl 1 2 1 H _aj S "O S rj 3 ^ S r > r- a G a i a <J Q "3 o J 2 :_ E Q X m 00 ^ g O s g -a | ^ < sA * * O c M x ^ * * $ * i ^ 1 cf K ^ 1 " 1 OFFICERS AND ENLI8TKD MKN. AfS BV-3 i! s s ii : 11 3 <B 8" 1 a. t-9 fc-S 1 Sf If c OH 1 2 fff 5-f (M n I V * 3 O i O Noblesv Noblesv .i "O . fc. H fc fe o r^ CAPTAIN. r A. Jones . IT LIEUTENA OQ S ND LIEUTENA i B. Trumbo . CA PTAIN. S3 d 3T LIEUTENA ^ "So fl J ND LIEUTEN, ^. Wainwrigl CAPTAIN. O. Bach man v % H a M r^ H & 5 GO "3 c o MM s ^q 1 o rti ^ j3 18 K THK <IXTH KEltlMKNT W SS-fl - 2 ^ ^ 5 e a OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 19 i s g 1 1 I . & 3- K H 1 Q) O <v a a g 08 x: * S 1 H O gjj s CC ce s 00 rH 00 oo *S "O 3 r "l ^ So 1 ^ 2 2 .S a a CO S s ^ s be CUD 1 a O O ^r 1 1 1 13 1 1 5 a s eS * J s ^ ^ 1 | 1 1 H * cf 85" ^ f II OH p. I fl a H .9 O g d ca B 1 n .8 .8 .2 a 1 1 1 1 a M 1 Q E & RGEANT-MAJOR. es L. Holstein . . TERM ASTER SERGT. ce Bell DRUM MAJOR. 1 fS FIFE MAJOR. lam B. Fletcher . . & 8 1 6 II H 1 20 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKUIMKNT. 1 E, H i> a ^0 ^ j - ^ 2 ^ 03 Ml s *T 3 . ^ V. >. S. N. "2 r"* T3 ^ 2 J S to 8 ^ ^^ W BM pj 1 s ^^22 - - S 5s U Q U i a < 8 5 55 W ! CO 1 ^~~ - - 2 J =5 9 *-s M fc 5 p % < SERGEANT. 1 ^ 8 t& 1 i |il s i 152 33 p ^^< . . ac . . a == 1 i * IStg g a. . o^o^ 84 ^ a,>. ft N - J3 y x a M 00 C cC * ^^O y QO ^ CH ^ ^ ^t, i C^ 5 J* ^ ^ ~ -"^ 3 ^ "u C ^ C _Q C i sis ||j| ^| OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 21 1 X 0> N u < 2 "^ <& " QQ * -t <* ! wJ?G?. Q a - w . ^-tii^.s ^^ -p. I ^ili lisa si iii^uiil ^ill I ps-l 11114 s - l|fll|l!^4 &*ft S.flf .2-I^S| Srf^. Vtflil Sr.si-S-i JaC SS "22^^ &c^L * * "S if "a a.aa^ ~ >GC o&eaK c5^2 E la^o oooo o * 5 5 < s5 <tj <*J CO DO OQ OQ OQ CQ Q Q O O O CJ O w> O O C G Q Q Q 22 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. M 1 I !sil 5 3 111*. . I ^/Ss a = _ a a a 3 3 QQ c3 a, O 3 ffiffiSffi King, Ka Kutshaw, oT o c .3.3.3 OFFICERS AND ENLIST KU MEN. 23 e -r<u "-** a a a w ^ * S 5 5 5 ao 1*8 oTar-e, .a.s a -s --^.3 -s 5^-3i-s.a ^MS 33= &3 * o9^^ | ^^x.-S^a g 0O o O c F ^ 08 Sjgx!^^ -G >>>>>5i i SSS 5z;J2; GO cSca:x H 24 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. I 1 PQ ! sli * a y / /; fl 3 ^a * g 8>-a oob^sSJs^ 33 jj ^ a* 2 5 a a 1 - **-5 - ."3 a JJ 3 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 25 d a 1 : * w rt I .*> t. w ij-aj O * " i t-- Illll 113311 SlS S I 26 HI-TORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. << I I ! ~ ca ! t <w <u &c a a c o a -2 ^^^ "--- SIS.UI S .2 52; OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 27 W 05 H Ills ^Crt - 030503 03 11-3111111 -i^s^^ S^JJ-d j^^ fl - bo.^ a. l g .2 H ..2 a 2 -2 S.S.-3 1 1 si E -g~ a Is .s J a |i S&H 3 I 3s <! . 00 = s is: 28 HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH KK.IMi:NI. / OS 8 I 1 "SL * I eC 5 < m i & 1 M 8 if & **: B . c s ifl-g 8 " OFFICER* AND EN1.ISTKI) MKN. 29 -a S-g. " -.41 \SZ7ZS sJI |II^ & "1 s-s IsVl l^ll I lllfihrfe 1 II 23SSS 1sa3o2c3 S^)j=oo^3 9 f* -t^ <<i1<1^ WWDQMMOQM QQOQOOOO Q W UH fe HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RK<;IMI.M. I M 9) I 3 i OS ~ ^ : ^ o x s a ^ b m fla J iT-eE ^ o . -IB ^C 341 II ^ ^52 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 31 . 03 fl jg J K William M. , Edward Montravill o g a * 9 S a S.5 s s I 8 00 GO 00 GO GO GO GO *r Tayl Thurbe Tricket P^W g c^fc^ . 5 s a .T3 ." HISTORY OF THE SIXTH |{Ki IM I!NT. d st < & 6 M * "5 KKS AND ENLIM KD MKN. . . . "2 ..2 . .-a . . <t u 5 -^ iTJg^j a .S -us I .Q*- ^^J oQ.2 "^les^fl llJ^i S-c-S s V O Q -EG- o.rS >^H-,o-Cl <1 5. H 55 ^ .2 ft g^ 4> ** ^ ^ ^ be r a 3 *: j|1|f ||| >g| Jtfll ||| 51 Illll lol QQO Sill OOC WW V or THK SIXTH KK(,IMI N I 1 8 O H hn oel oback,J bert, Jo George Horace ... William R If f| 1 1 saa 41 3 * S5S5 ZOO OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 35 *,..; i > : : : a **i : ^ ! I . |ll* .-slsl tl & ilii 11 -al 1 5 1 5 = !<!- gsg^S iwa:= I Z 5" J !|4 yil^iyf.l 1 - Bl^ ^"6" 1 12* Irfhrflffffl HUT nil llllll HI-TORY OF THK SIXTH KK<,IM1 NT. 1 ! * <M 9 "* ** S* X, s. ** * ! - =P j a N. ~ S. s. - ,, s X 89 1 Sr 2 2 2 2222 2 2 ; Q ^ s a 3 u c i i .... "" 2 2 NAMES AND RANK. FIRST SERGEANT. McClelland, ThoP. E. . SERGEANTS. Smith, George W . . . Grayson, Andrew J . . Norris, Gashem .... CORPORALS. Thorn ap, Absoleru . Brinkworth, Isaac. . Mart-hall, Joseph G . McClure, David . . . MUSICIANS. Smith, George W . . . Knight, John A. OFFICERS AND EN LISTED MKN. 3 g!> ..--. I II . ! :*l^ is IB | -us 2 ^5 00 cs2 d~i:^ o^J^S .^OceoSac 3 .- o 3< oT c I Si f Hi S lisa g flllll 5 W OOOOOOOO QCQWW OOOOOO HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH Kl.i-IMKNT. as OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. j ^ -- 3 : l^f^ g- --I?! "S _ 5 8 e ^ 2 fe _ 8 "? ^ 5 -^ .r_S O ^ o"Sc5 I sti li ^-211^5 1 5^1ilss ill I| 5li-is$s I 2ilg|| O Q- Ou CU M03 ; /3ca2aQCOcc H &&> ?>!> ? III-T<>|;y OF Till: -IXTH KK.fMENT. I 8 IRST SERGEANT. esell, James L 1 a "7 * 3 Shipman, Albert . Allison, Leonidas L OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MKX. 41 sfc -St -^ i i&i] K u litjJs M i Q ^^flS S3-^J>4"ar jnCS" 1 -_^>? x^ *""3^ S iT-C .t. >- ^ o ^^ - i * ^H w -S a* ^ Q. * j^ Q C .3 A *S fl Jj (H mllillilllll J.-SIIJII IGQ! iw 42 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. 1 i 3 s Ms M a o 1 1 : ~ s s 33 2 3 333333 II i < __ r r 8 H G g fi fc <! i ill l*| ^3 C = = 11 1 1 ]i|b p-l ^ 1 -i*J ^5 II 1 f 111 I ll -g-5 g 2 CO 3 08 03 00 4^ * 2 ss^sss OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 4o -- c ofsS S | Jf-s * .2 .5 .9 2 i ^S^w^ 1 ^ 3 a ^ g: > H S> J^ 44 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH IM :< ; I M KM. I 5. M oq * CO M 9f 2 1 <* >* N* >* > * a. 3 ** a ^. ^. ^. ^ ,* Z 1 < v 0. s * 3 i fc of oo O S "^ z &q H a g s 2 z s =5 r S ! Q^ Q o- &^ ^* H 00 3 8 8 25 w a ^ i s 3 - - 2 ^3 3 E3 "S * 1 M Q 3 | * 1 1 I :&l 3 !lsi S : j J H a M 3 <v > *S O r O "2 C Ml | |5gg g 15 g 8 . ^"^ . S fi >^ S <3 ^ I " 111 S S3Cffl II l| ft j oax^ SE^ 5 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 45 46 HISTORY <>K THK SIXTH KKU1MKNT. 1 H. H S - 33 I - 1 >H a - * OH s CO S M S ^ h, g I 71 * :3 fe as a- W ~ _ w a s> g 2 13 S 25 03 W H OD H 5 P A S z; a. 1 G 08 Kornor, Augustus . Lang, Stephen H . Little, Stansbury . Leichlenberger, Lo Long, George W . Lynch, Jacob H. . ^^ _c ^ m bc.2^f o3 S * -^* oS:^oo"3 ^ -2 ^3 5^O ^S j. ( g-^ 1111^3 1 3 S| sJeScoO. ^O * "SS SSSSSS 25 C ^OU OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 47 GO 02 090000 48 lll>roRY OF THE SIXTH KJ-H . I M I HI 1 X 7. a. | | 1 u fe -i O 2 is 1 ~f 3 = 3 3322 32 P Q! I LL: ri o 2 3 W H p 1 ,,, ..,. 03 i ^ M ; i . . ta H "C u f *j 02 p 2 < i 1 5 W 2 H 00 b 2 1 s .So ~ = tJ>-5 gj Is 8ICIANS. |l s : i in ijj0 i , g 3-g^ 0-5^-2 a o OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. y.-> - 1300 *" c<T 3 - I! if if : t :.! cug^flca .sg^Sfl . t JZ a -2 1 J S-S^i5 "lla^H H-^. ffl s ^ ^* "IS fe o I? ^ 1 S CO S ^ P ^ - G ^ 5 sf a *r "^ Je W iJ a, ^ rfy s Hj aS-^ >2-S 5 r3 -P ^*^ *g aT ^" of - t^ S O - -wT ^ "& > .2 S |4 * *~ s^Jgli ^ 1 2 o os ^ l3 8 "g ^ o PQcf5cqcqpq ooooo QP^ Pd fefe OOO MW 4 50 HIST. >KY OF THE SIXTH KEOIMKNT. I ffi fi. X 1 a* S < PH j _ i s s 8 gg QO - - fc g | ^3^3 S- - S2 -i~1-2 -- 33 O 5i *c to a < * ail J3 D Illllll II cJ o c S a- a- OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 51 , b S g3^ao-= i ( & P 00*02 oo 5 55 do c H H 52 IIISTOKY OF THi: HXTH KK< ilM I-N I . jj rf - 1 a 1 OD 3 DATE OF MUSTER. 1 "S3 RESIDENCE. c g K 5 2 ... ^ . . . . CQ 00 M . . . fl . - . 3 3 p E * * . w , 1 * <!_< oi e a B p ~ < fai o WQ He 3- ff S S w 3 e.* o -" -- \ A S .H i ^:^ cs gj* ^J Q 08 ^Cr^ ^. ^^ S ; x~ I fe Till! a .2 3 T3 05 "Si OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 53 i ; j ; #*i idj o ll Ills I i ||*J| 1 54414 > 3-jj gifn-tf il slyf ^ 2.2.1.2.2 i S * ^2 4)^Jfc,fcH3S ,5l2^pOOO ^ -<<J5-<| OQpqcQOQpQqQ QOOOQQO Q HISTORY or THK -!\TH KKc.lMKNT. 2 3 3 2 S II - 333-2S32 i OOOC OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. r>5 OH 56 m-n>i;y OF Tin: 1 a, H * 3 i 3 "* " CJ ^ S g 2 OS <> Ej 00 5 ef 1 s s - - - s - CM 6C = . 9 5 S c - - s 1 O, 1 ao ^ri a S o * d i w si g" s ^ > - ^ - ~ S "^ ^ Q I a ^ GO I 6 w a o fc a 1 r 3 s 2 g : ::: V . O IB . ^d Q fc 4 ! | B ^-M - S ^4 2 .Zi Q^ ^^ ! I | iij 3 as -a & s 5 a -.2 :$ ,-g ^5S|= ^| I P S ^ ^ g Q ||il || fc E I Hi s53l ? OFFICERS AND KXLISTKI) MKX. 57 * o o - >-, * M S 9 a 13 a d a a* "* &S W ** S S S ^9- v aO a aa "S* r ^ w _sa s . e .. = M T? = ? f ^.g ^^| ^S-r^S a * * j - I S-- ^S|^ fl^ga-B ^ 8ljC aTg-fe -S gS M^H g-^Sofl 2 ^ 2-g-g ^l"g a MSB s_aoo -2 .-033 js C" o22i <jj pqpqpq QOQO PQPQO Cd fe OOO Kffi3H IllslMKY 01 TllK SIXTH KK . I M I N I . r PM i <M" 1 C B 03 to 5 9 a <J a s 1 < s a s s s M 1 2 H fc S <i fe 2 I 8 ju EH 6- 5 J r3 . jz; & w - Q g 2 H B & H 3D 5 525 H 1 p @ ^ 2 c ^s ^ "S L s oq Q i i 1 Q 5 f ffi* Icenhart, Sebastia ><< a H* 5 . - O riri : =nis 3 |f!ii^ 1 t|5 *il**^. *> B J --3 i ill ^|l||i fllilll 4 jjl ^JjJJJ ssssss^ OFFICERS AND KNMSTKD MKX. 59 T~ Q 5- "Si Ss :i: II i.la- 1* 1I-- >s ill. 1 60 niMoijy OK TIM: SIXTH KI:<,IMKM. A recapitulation shows that hy actual count the Sixth Regiment tor the three months service when it left Camp Morton, at Indianapolis, for the front consisted of Regimental officers .............. ... 7 Regimental non-commissioned staff ............ 4 Line officers ................... ... 30 First Sergeants ..... ............ 10 Duty Sergeants (actual count) ............. 31 Corporals (actual count) ........... ...... 40 Musicians ............... ... 20 Privates in Company A 64 B ................. 64 " C . . . . ............. 64 " D . . . . ........... . . 64 . E ........ . * ....... 64 " F .......... ...... 64 " G . . ..........:. 64 H . . . .... ........ 64 I ........ ...... . 64 K ..... . . . . . ..... 64 Making the whole number of men in regiment ..... 782 CHAPTER III. THE ROUTE TO THE FIELD OF BATTLE. Engaged in the first battle of the war Treason no crime in the South The boasting rebels put to flight They are whipped in every fight W. Virginia cleared of armed rebels The Sixth Indiana did her part in the work The work done, she starts for home Mustered out at Indianapolis What became of her officers. The Sixth Regiment was one of the six regi ments of three months men organized under the call of President Lincoln for 75,000 men. It was mustered into service at Indianapolis. April 25, 1861, and placed under command of Thomas T. Crittenden as Colonel. On the 30th day of May the regiment left Indianapolis by way of Cincinnati and Parkersburg for the scene of conflict in West Virginia, being first fully armed, equipped and clothed. Arriving at Webster on the 2d day of June, it was marched with other troops the same night, through a drenching rain, a distance of four teen miles, and on the morning of the 3d of June, took part in the first battle of the war, at Philippi. And right here let us place another star in the crown of the Sixth Regiment. She was not only the first to organize in defense of the Union, but was also the first Indiana regiment to meet the enemy on the field in open combat. It is very H2 HI-IOKV 01 THK SIXTH RF.<,IMEXT. evident that these brave men fully realized the situation. They were fully aware of the boastful character of the Southern slave-drivers. Tin- men north of what was then known as " Mason and Dixon s Line," which divided the slave from the free States, were insulted by the same slave-drivers by being called u Yankees," u Mudsills" and "Cow ards." Having- the power in their own Viands, they made the Northern States the field and her citizens the instruments of their bidding for run ning down their fugitive slaves. Under the ad ministration of James Buchanan, a President of their own choice, these Southern autocrats had succeeded in exhausting the treasury of the United States; destroying her credit both at home and abroad; destroying the arsenals in all the North ern States, by stealing the arms and munitions of war and taking them into the South; by sending the navy into foreign waters and away from home, and finally by taking up arms against the General Government. Insulting the-tiag, and threatening the very lite of the Nation, were everyday demonstrations throughout the entire Southern States. The North had borne with all these treasonable demon strations until forbearance ceased to be a virtue, and it simply became a matter of necessity for Union men loyal men to take up arms in s<-lt- defense. The members of the Sixth Indiana Vol unteers were fully aware of all these facts, and when they met the enemy at 1 hilippi they m t ROUTE TO THE FIELD OF BATTLE. 63 them as patriots against traitors, as heroes against hirelings. On one side fighting to perpetuate the life of the Nation, and the preservation of the Union, while on the other side they were fighting to perpetuate human slavery, and threatening a total destruction of the Union and everything that should be dear to an American citizen. Philippi being the first battle of the rebellion, and consequently the first opportunity that any loyal men had for testing this question as to who were the cowards, the Sixth, in company with the other regiments of the brigade, determined to set tle the matter right there at Philippi. The result is a matter of history. The rebels were defeated and driven from the field, suffering considerable loss in arms, ammunition and army stores, with many prisoners. One historian, speaking of the battle of Phil ippi, says that " on the morning of the 2d of June a movement was made by the troops under General Morris, forming a part of the force of this department, to dislodge the rebels, under Colonel Potterfield, who held Philippi, in Harbour County, Virginia, with fifteen hundred to two thousand troops. The command was divided into two di visions, under Colonels Kelley and Lander, and the plan was to attack the place at four o clock in the morning, Colonel Kelley in the rear and Colonel Lander in front. Storm and darkness, however, caused the combination to fail. As Lander ap proached Philippi a woman fired two shots as an T>4 IIIsTOKY OF T1IF-: SIXTH HK<iIMKNT. alarm, and then sent her little boy across the mountains to give I > otterfield notice. Kellcy missed his point, and instead of coming in on the Beverly road, ahove the town, to cut off the rehel retreat, <lid so below the town, and much behind time. Thus the enemy were apprised of the move ment, and were enabled to eseape with slight loss, leaving their camp equipage and a number of small arms behind." While leading a charge, Colonel Kelley received a shot and fell. He was carried to the rear, and received prompt attention. The enemy retired to Leedsville, two miles distant, where they were again vigorously attacked and repulsed. In ac knowledgment of his bravery on this occasion, Colonel Kelley was appointed Brigadier-General of the Western Virginia troops. The rebels falling back upon Beverly, received large re-enforcements, and again advanced toward Philippi, taking part under General Garnett at Laurel Hill. < >n the llth of June Colonel Wallace, with the Eleventh Indiana Zouaves, left Cumber land, Maryland, for Romney, Hampshire County, Virginia, twenty miles distant, where were sta tioned five hundred secession troops. After a sharp conflict he completely routed them, sei/ed a quantity of stores and ammunition, and returned to Cumberland. The rebels retreated toward Winchester. The rebels were now concentrated in considera ble numbers in Western Virginia. The Allegheny ROUTE TO THE FIELD OF BATTLE. (>.> Mountains running in a Southwesterly course from Cumberland to Co vington, Virginia, presented a wall through which the rebel forces could escape into Eastern Virginia only at the Cheat Mountain pass. This was held at the close of .June by a considerable force under General Jackson. From Cheat Mountain the road proceeds north erly, and parallel to the mountain range, through Huttonville to Rich Mountain, which was held bv the rebel Colonel Pegram, with three thousand men and some five or six guns, and was strongly- entrenched. From Rich Mountain the road passes through Beverly to Laurel Hill, held by Brigadier- General Garnett. Thus the enemy held three strong positions, and had, in all, probably fourteen thousand men. On the 6th of July General Morris received orders to move his whole force to within a mile of the enemy s fortifications at Laurel Hill. On the 10th sharp skirmishes took place between his advance, composed of Indiana and Ohio troops, and some Georgia troops belonging to Garnett s force ; the enemy s cavalry attacked, and were re pulsed with a few rounds of shell, and General Morris so disposed his troops as to guard every outlet from Laurel Hill except that which leads to Beverly. In the meantime the column under McClellan pursued a route more to the west, and arrived near Rich Mountain on the 10th of July. On the llth Brigadier-General Rosecrans ad- W Mi-Toi:y 01 rni; SIXTH KKOI.MKNT. vanced with his column, composed of Indiana and Ohio troops, and by a forced march of eight miles through the mountain reached the turnpike. three miles in the rear of the enemy, at Rich Mountain, defeated his advance guard, and cap tured two guns. General McClellan, advancing in front, completed the defeat of the rebels, who lost all their guns wagons, etc. Uosecrans immedi ately pushed on to Beverly, following the flying enemy. The loss on the Union side was twentv killed and forty wounded. On the 12th Colonel IVgram, with six hundred rebel soldiers, surrendered unconditionally to General McClellan. While these events were taking place, General Garnett. at Laurel Hill, hearing of the approach of McClellan. to Beverly, left Laurel Hill in great haste for Cheat Mountain pass, in hopes to pas> Beverly before McClellan should reach it. On the morning of the 12th the evacuation was discovered, and the Xinth Indiana, of Morris s division, imme diately advanced in pursuit. The rebels, when within three miles of Beverly, met fugitives from Uich Mountain, and returned toward Laurel Hill, whence Morris s force was approaching, thus putting them between two tires. They, therefore, took the road to the right, which goes through Leedsville to the Cheat River. General Morris, who had been in front of Laurel Hill, pursued a mile or two beyond Leedsville, and t hen, at 11 o clock p. .M.. halted, until > o clock A. \i.. ROUTE TO THE FIELD OF BATTLE. 67 when the pursuit was resumed, amid incessant rain. The enemy, meantime, struck the Cheat River, and pursued the mountain road down the valley. Our advance composed of Sixth, Seventh and Ninth Indiana arid Fourteenth Ohio regiments, about two thousand men, pushed on, guided through the mountain gullies by the tents, camp- furniture, provisions, and knapsacks thrown from the wagons of the rebels to facilitate their flight. Our troops forded Cheat River four times, and, finally, about 1 o clock came up with the enemy s rear guard. The Fourteenth Ohio advanced rap idly to the ford, in which the enemy s wagons were standing, when suddenly the rebels, about four thousand strong, opened a furious tire on them with small arms a~rd two rifled cannon from the bluff on the opposite side of the river, about two hundred yards distant, where they had been concealed. The tiring was too high, cutting the trees above the heads of the men. Our men re turned the lire with spirit, meanwhile, two pieces of the Federal artillery came up and opened on the rebels. The Indiana troops then advanced to sup port the Fourteenth Ohio s left, while the Seventh Indiana crossed the river between the two fires, and came in on the enemy s right flank. The rebels soon fled in great disorder, leaving their finest piece of artillery. On the 13th of .July at the next ford (Carrick s), a quarter of a mile further on, General Garnett attempted to rally his forces, when the Seventh 6* HI -TORY OF THK SIXTH RKiil.MKNT. Indiana came up in hot pursuit, and another ln-isk engagement ensued. General Garnett was slid dead, when his army fled in contusion toward ST. George to escape into Northern Virginia. Thev were pursued a few miles, but as the Union forces were much fatigued with their forced march of more than twenty miles, with but little rest from the march of the previous day. General Morris refused to let them pursue further. Among the fruits of the victory was the capture of the rebel camp at Laurel Hill, with a large amount of tents, camp-equipage, baggage wagons, a field camp-chest, supposed to contain all their money, two regimental flags and a large number of rebel prisoners. The losses in these four en gagements were as follows : UNION. REBELS. Killed Wounded. Killed. Wounded. Prisoners. Laurel Hill . . . 4 7 25 40 16 Rich Mountain. . 20 40 50 100 110 Beverly . . HOO St. George. . . . 13 40 60 140 UUv 300 Total ... 87 135 280 1,025 In the above engagements, the Sixth Regiment had not a single man killed or wounded. Their was, however, one poor fellow captured. The Fife Major, Mr. William B. Fletcher, of Indianapolis, for some cause, which is not given, allowed him self to fall into the hands of the enemy. As Mr. Fletcher did not carry a gun, and was, perhaps. ROUTE HOME AND RECORD. 69 not required to be " right up" on the front line, it is fair to presume that he lingered a little too long at some old farmer s chicken roost, or may be had his eye on a pig, or who knows but what he was swinging on some old farmer s yard gate, holding sweet communion with one of Virginia s bright- eyed daughters. But whatever the cause may have been, it was not regarded as a very great offense by either the rebel or Union boys, as there is no record of his ever being court-martialed by the one, or shot by the other, in fact the record shows that Mr. Fletcher was exchanged, and returned home and was mustered out, as his term of enlist- ,ment had expired. The record further shows that except Joseph G. Scott, who died on the road as he was returning home, July 25th, and Nicholas F. Wallace, discharged for disability on May 30th; also, Onier F. Beadle, who died May 16th, of fever, at Indianapolis, and John Sayers, who died at Grafton, West Virginia, June 24th. The balance of the Regiment returned home and was mustered out at Indianapolis, August 2, 1861. The Record shows that Thomas T. Crittendeii, who was Colonel of the Sixth Regiment in the three months service, re-entered the service as Colonel of the Sixth Regiment,. in three years service. Hiram Prather, who was Lieutenant- Colonel of the Sixth in three months service, re-entered service as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Sixth Regi ment in three years service. 70 HISTORY 01 THK SIXTH KU^IMKNT. John Gerber, Major of the Sixth, in thivr months service; re-entered service as Lieutenant-Colonel Twenty-fourth Regiment, in three years service. Geo W. Wiley, Adjutant of the Sixth, in three months* service: re-entered as Adjutant Thirty- ninth Regiment, in three years service. Charles Schussler, Surgeon Sixth, in three months service; re-entered service as Surgeon Sixth Regiment, three years service. John W.Davis, Assistant Surgeon Sixth, in three months service; re-entered service as Assistant Surgeon in Twenty-fourth Regiment. Philemon P. Baldwin, Captain Company A. in three months service; re-entered the service as Captain in Sixth Regiment, three years service. Samuel Russell, First Lieutenant Company A. in three months service ; re-entered service as Cap tain in Sixth Regiment, three years service. Augustus H. Abbott, Captain Company B,tlnvc months service ; re-entered service as Major Sixth Regiment, three years service. Allen W. Prather, First Lieutenant Company B, in three months service ; re-entered service as Captain in Sixth Regiment, three years service. William C. Wheeler, Second Lieutenant Com pany B, in three months service ; re-entered service as Captain in Thirty-eighth Regiment, three year- service. Charles Childs, Captain Company C, thiv months service; re-entered service as Captain in Sixty-fifth Regiment, three years service. RECORD OF PROMOTIONS. 71 Richard \V. Meredith, First Lieutenant Conipan v 0, three months service ; re-entered service as First Lieutenant Fifty-second Regiment, in three years service. Alanson Solomon, Second Lieutenant Company 0, in three months service; re-entered service as Second Lieutenant Thirty-ninth Regiment, three years service. Thomas J. Harrison, Captain Company I), in three months service ; re-entered service as Colonel Thirty-ninth Regiment, three years service. Thomas Herring, First Lieutenant Company D. in three months service ; re-entered service as Cap tain Thirty-ninth Regiment, three years service. William R. Philips, Second Lieutenant Company I), in three months service: re-entered service as First Lieutenant in Thirty-ninth Regiment, three years service. Jeremiah C. Sullivan, Captain Company E, in three months service ; re-entered service as Colonel Thirteenth Regiment, three years service. Rufus Gale, Second Lieutenant Company E, in three months service, was promoted First Lieuten ant and afterwards Captain in same company ; re- entered service as First Lieutenant Thirty-ninth Regiment. William C. Moreau, Captain Company F, in three months service ; re-entered service as Captain in Third Cavalry. Robert Allison, First Lieutenant Company F. in three months service; re-entered service as Captain Fifty-seventh Regiment. . 2 lll-TMin OF THK SIXTH i;K<;IMI\l Ilagerman Tripp, Captain Company (*. in three months service ; re-entered service as Captain in Sixth Regiment, three years service. George W. Kendrick, Second Lieutenant Com pany G, three months service ; re-entered service as Captain in Eighty-second Regiment. Fielder A. Jones, Captain Company H, in three months service ; re-entered service as Lieutenant- Colonel Thirty-ninth Regiment. John D. Evans. Captain Company 1, in three months service; re-entered service as Major in Thirty-ninth Regiment. John F. Longley, First Lieutenant Company 1, in three mouths service, as Captain in Thirty- ninth Regiment. George A. Wainwright, Second Lieutenant Com pany I, three months service; re-entered service as First Lieutenant Thirty ninth Regiment. Alois O. Bachman, Captain Company K, in three months service ; re-entered service as Major in Nineteenth Regiment. William F. Days, Second Lieutenant Company K, three months service ; re-entered service as First Lieutenant in Sixty-seventh Regiment. It is fair to presume that a large number of the boys comprising the Sixth Regiment, three months service, re-entered the service again in some man ner, but after being discharged the record drops them as an organization, and the Sixth Regiment Indiana Volunteers becomes a thing of the past. And now that we are about to bid farewell to these brave and patriotic veterans of the old Sixth CONGRATULATIONS. 78 Regiment of the three mouths service, we can not do so without first congratulating them on the splendid record they made as soldiers. In company with other Indiana troops, their ener getic and able movements cleared West Virginia of Confederate forces. This is what they went to West Virginia to do, and right well did they do their work. Their splendid record as soldiers and success in every engagement and safe return home, all helped to encourage recruiting for three years service more than any other inducement that could have been offered. At the expiration of their term of service, Major- General McClellan addressed Governor Morton as folloAvs : HEADQUARTERS CAMP, "| XEAR BEVERLY, W. VA., JULY 21, 18(31.) GOVERNOR O. P. MORTON, Indianapolis, Ind. : Governor, I have directed the three months" regiments from Indiana to move to Indianapolis, there to be mustered out and re-organized for the three years service. I can not permit them to re turn to you without again expressing my high appreciation of the distinguished valor and endur ance of the Indiana troops, and my hope that but a short time will elapse before I have the pleasure of knowing that they are again ready for the field. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN, Major- (r HI.-TOKY M THi: SIXTH KK<;iMi:Vr. Brigadier -General T. A. Morris. the brigade of which the Sixth was one of the regiments, addressed the officers and soldiers of his brigade, before their final separation at Indian apolis, in this manner: b<r Olfiw* find Soldier* of the Brigade: " The term of service for this brigade in the Army of the l T nited States having expired, and the relations of officers and soldiers about to In- dissolved, the General, in relinquishing his com mand, deems this a fit occasion to express his en tire approbation of the conduct of the brigade, whether in camp, on the march, or in the field of battle. The General tenders to all his thanks for the soldierly bearing, cheerful performance of every duty, and the patient endurance of the pri vations and fatigues of campaign life, which all have so constantly exhibited. Called suddenly by the National Executive from the ease and luxu ries of home life, to the defense of our Govern ment, the officers and soldiers of this brigade have voluntarily submitted to the privations and re straints of military life ; and, with the intelligence of free Americans, have acquired the arts of war as readily as they relinquished their pursuits of peace. They have cheerfully endured the fatigue of long and dreary marches by day and night. through rain and storm ; they have borne the ex haustion of hunger for the sake of their country. Their labor and Buttering were not in vain. The CONGRATULATIONS. 75 foe they met and vanquished. They scattered the traitors from their secure entrenchments in the gorges of Laurel Hill, stripped of their munitions of war to flee before the vengeance of patriots. " Soldiers, you have now returned to the friends whose prayers went with you to the field of strife. They welcome you with pride and exultation. Your State and country acknowledge the value of your labors. May your future career be as your past has been honorable to yourselves and serviceable to your count rv ! " CHAPTER IV. THE REGIMENT RE-ORGANIZED FOR THREE YEARS. At Camp Noble, North Madison Mustered in and started for the front The Regiment not yet fully organized Learning to drill Hay foot, straw foot Buell as a drill-master The ladies of Louisville present us a flag Our move to Bacon Creek Camp on Green River Our first Christmas dinner A terrible night on picket We move to Nashville. Previous to the return of the three months troops from the Western Virginia campaign, Governor Morton dispatched messengers to all the Regimental Commanders, with letters urging them to re-enlist. after remaining a reasonable time at their homes, for three years. The regiments returned the latter part of July, and after being paid and mustered out, arrangements were made to reorganize them with the least. possible delay. This was accom plished in a very short time, under the auspices and direction of their former Colonels. The Sixth Regiment was mustered out of the three months* service, August 2, 18H1, and under special author ity from the War Department was immediately re organized for the three years service. A camp of rendezvous was established at North Madison and called Camp Noble, Colonel T. T. Crittenden ap pointed Commandant. Under his supervision tin THREE YEARS SERVICE. 77 new organization was completed and mustered into the service, September 20, 1861, for three years. Colonel Crittenden obtained permission the same day of its organization, although the regiment lacked one company of being full, in fact there were only about five hundred men in camp at the time, to take the regiment to Ken tucky, then invaded by the rebel forces under Buckner. Without waiting for uniforms this por tion of the Sixth Regiment took steamer for Louis ville, reaching there the same evening, and was the first body of troops to enter Kentucky from the Northern States. Immediately on its arrival it was dispatched by way of the Nashville Railroad to Muldraugh s Hill, forty miles from Louisville, and encamped at a point a few miles north of Elizabethtown, on the 22d day of September. On the arrival of the Louis ville Legion, and the Thirty-eighth and Thirty- ninth Indiana Regiments, the Sixth was moved beyond Elizabethtown and posted in the advance near Nolin Creek. FTere it was joined by three hundred recruits, which had left Madison on the 9th of October, in charge of Lieutenant-Colonel Hiram Prather. Out of these three hundred re cruits Company " K " was formed and attached to the Sixth, completing its organization. A large force of Union troops was soon concentrated in this vicinity, w r hen brigade and division organ izations were perfected. The Sixth was assign ed to Rousseau s Brigade, of McCook s Division, and 7* HI>TOI:Y or TIIK SIXTH KK;IMKXT. inarched with this portion of Buell s army to \iun- t ordsville, Woodsonville, and Bowling Green, iv- niaining at the latter place until March 1862, when it marched to Nashville, and went into camp near that city. The principal business of the Sixth Regiment, as well as all the troops of the whole army up to this date was to drill and learn disci pline, to he educated in the art of Avar was a mat ter of vital importance ; not only the success of our arms but the safety of our troops depended upon, not alone the skill and ability of the commanding officers, but the well trained and educated troops who should know how to execute the orders given. There were perhaps more men who studied and were educated, in the art of war, in the winter of 18t)l-*2, than will ever again be called upon to take like lessons, in the history of our country. One of the wonders of the civilized world, and one that astonished and caused a universal com ment upon the subject, was to see men who weiv called from the peaceful pursuits of life, hurriedly thrown together in the same company, young men and old men, active, sprightly fellows in the same file with awkward, clumsy ones, so skillfully drilled ia the different steps and movements, that they were the admiration of the most highly educated West Pointer and military disciplinarian. Let those who may critici-c (ieneral Buell, but it can not be denied that to his skill and ability a- an educated military man. the Army of the Cum- herland owes its future success and fame, achieved THREE YEARS SERVFCE. 79 iu its many hard fought battles. General Buell Avas a graduate of West Point, and had been in the army all his life. lie Avas a thoroughly trained soldier, with great pride in his profession, a man of great integrity, with abilities of the first order, animated by high principle. His training made him a first- class organizer of an army. His high est aim was to make good soldiers of his com mand, and everything that detracted from this, as straggling, pillaging, disobedience of orders, he regarded as unworthy of a soldier and meriting prompt and stern punishment at his hands. Some of the boys to this day may still regard General Buell harsh and severe, hut as time brought hard campaigns and heavy fighting to the Army of the Cumberland, the older soldiers who Avere under Buell, saw that he was actuated solely for their good, and for the good of the service, in all he did. We have been a little particular in our com ments on General Buell from the fact that the writer Avell remembers the severe criticisms tOAvard him during the war, as well as the many un friendly remarks make by the boys as the General would pass us while on the march. But if the boys will but reflect for one moment of what would have been the result, had we been allowed to lie around idle in camp during the win ter of 1861 and 62, they will certainly feel proud of. rather than censure, our old commander. But let us return to the Sixth Regiment at No- Ml Hl>Toi:y OP THK MX Til KEGIMENT. lin. It was in this camp where tin- hoy> all met for the first time, it was here they learned who was Bill and who was Jack and Jim. it was here they drew tents and divided up into messes and squads; it was here they selected a cook for each mess and paired oft for three years, or during the war, it was in this eamp that the} 7 were fully armed and equipped and donned their first uniforms and it was here they took their first lessons in "squad drill " and learned the difference between hay foot and straw foot. Boys, go back with me to your first effort at squad drill do you remember how that Dther fellow used to step on your heels, and cause you to lose the step, and in an effort to "catch the step" again, you would step on some other fellow s heels, throwing him out of gear, then lie would stumble on some other fellow and here we would go hobbling along like our feet were tied together, until every fellow in the squad had his own step; about this time the Sergeant who is acting as drill-master, and who, by the bye, is about as green as any of us, becomes desperate and yells out, at the top of his voice, "H-a-l-t there! what the devil you trying to do?" Every fellow ha s his own halt, but he generally stop- when he runs against the comrade in front. After they have all halted the Sergeant orders them to "front," then, "order arm>. " then the old bel- giums begin to drop one at a time : about this time some fellow would give one big howl, grab up one foot and go hopping around over the ground eiit- THREE YEARS SERVICE. 81 ting the most desperate gestures, and with a face that would seem to indicate cramp colic, but directly the poor fellow would get his breath, and the lirst words that escaped his lips Avould he, "by thunder, I believe my big toe-nail is mashed oft ." But w r e soon got over this and presented the appearance of warriors sufficient to cause the rebel General Buckner to withdraw his advanced forces back to Bowling Green, where he strongly fortified his position. But before we leave this part of Kentucky, the writer would be inexcusable not to remind the boys of the very agreeable surprise and treat pre sented to our Regiment by the ladies of the Sixth Ward, Louisville. On Thanksgiving Bay, 1861, on the line of the Nashville Railroad, near Sonora, in commemora tion of the fact that the Sixth Regiment was the first to enter the State for its defense against Buck ner, who was threatening Louisville, the train rolled ii]) to the station, and to the wonder and as tonishment of the boys, off walked about two- hundred ladies, who at once began to prepare spreads, on which was placed a most sumptuous Thanksgiving dinner. Those grateful ladies, not unmindful of their rescuers, of those who had thrust themselves between their beautiful city and those who threatened its destruction, had sought this manner of showing their generosity, and cer tainly nothing could have been more fitting or suitable, and as the boys had been in camp about 6 82 HISTORY 01 TIIK SIXTH KI-XU.M KN I. long enough to "get up "a good appetite, it is needless to say that they did full justice to the oc casion. I do not remember that there was any one too sick to eat that dinner. After the dinner was dispatched, the Hon. James Guthrie presented a beautiful silk flag, as a present from the ladies. On this Hag was inscribed : u From the ladies of the Sixth Ward, Louisville, Ivy., to the Sixth Reg iment, Indiana Volunteers." The reply was made by Captain A. W. Prat her. After many good wishes for the success of the Indiana boys, these patriotic ladies and gentlemen again boarded the train and returned to Louisville, and there was but one sentiment in the Sixth Reg iment as that train rolled away, and that was, God bless the ladies of the Sixth Ward. After the Regiment left Xolin Creek, the writer has a faint recollection, and, perhaps, many other members of the Regiment have not forgotten it, of a camp we called Camp Sixth Ward, in honor of the ladies who had so kindly remembered us on Thanksgiving Day. The boys called it Camp " Ground Hog," from the fact that we were or dered, and did dig pits in the ground about 10x12 feet square, and four to six feet deep, over which we spread our tents. We did not stay in these " dug outs " very long, as the discovery was made, that while ground hogs might live in the ground with out endangering their health, it was not a very good place for men. While in this camp many contracted sickness, and were sent to the rear. THREE YEARS SERVICE. 83 some never to return. It was at this camp we carried poor John S. Ross, a member of the same Company with the writer, to the train, and ship ped him back to Louisville, never to return again, as the poor fellow died on the 19th day of the February following. Who can tell how many poor fellows contracted their death in these " dirty mud holes," and, again, who can tell how much money the Government is paying as pensions for disabilities contracted at Camp " Ground Hog." The next move of the regiment was to Bacon Creek, where the boys found more creek than bacon. The regiment never was in as bad condi tion, perhaps, as it was while here at Bacon Creek. It is safe to say that there was not one man in ten who had not contracted chronic diarrhoea this ter rible scourge of the army, this dreaded disease which, perhaps, laid the foundation for more disa bilities than all other ailments that ever befel a poor soldier. How many affidavits have gone up to the Pension Department bearing the telling words of " chronic diarrhoea, contracted at Bacon Creek." A very considerable number of the regiment had measles while at this camp, from which fur loughs were granted, and eventually discharges given. In fact, measles had broken out back at Camp Nevin, and at one time there were so many men down with that disease that drills had to be discontinued. Cold, wet, disagreeable weather 84 HISTORY OF THK -IX III RKi.IMEM . caused it to assume a dangerous character, or rather to run into some other malady which proved fatal. On the 9th of December McCook ordered Gen eral K. W. Johnson to move forward to Mun- fordsville, on Green River, and about the 17th his whole command moved up to Green River, and Camp Wood was established, and here we floun dered around in the mud the balance of the winter. The rebels had burned the bridge across Green River, and Colonel Willich, with the Thirty-second Indiana, constructed a temporary crossing, over which four companies of his regiment, under Lieutenant-Colonel Von Trebra, passed December 17, and took position near Rowlett Station. The rebel General Albert Sidney Johnson had sent General Hindman with his brigade from Bowling Green, with instructions to destroy the railroad as far north as Green River. On the same day that the Thirty-second Indiana crossed the river, Hind man reached Woodsonville. On the approach of Hindman, Von Trebra threw out two companies as skirmishers. The enemy fell back with the purpose of decoying the Tnion troops to the point where his main command of infantry and artillery was posted. The cavalry a squadron of Texas Rangers made a dash at the Thirty-second boys, and their skirmishers rallied and formed a hollow square t< receive the charge. After repeated charges from the cavalry, which were resisted by the Thirty- THREE YEARS SERVICE. 85 second, in one of which Colonel Terry was killed, Colonel Willich re-enforced Yon Trebra with four additional companies. After maintaining their position under fire for an hour and a half, the Indiana troops repulsed the enemy in every charge, and Hindmaii s force then withdrew. Colonel Willich had in the engagement only the eight companies of his command, with Cotter s battery. The enemy attacked with a force of eleven hundred infantry, two hundred and fifty cavalry and four pieces of artillery. The Thirty- second Indiana lost thirteen men killed and ten wounded. Professor Kettell, in his history of the Great Rebellion, gives this account of the engagement at Hewlett s Station : " On the 17th day of December, four companies of the Thirty-second Indiana, thrown out in ad- vancQ of Munfordsville, on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, forty-two miles north of Bow ling Green, encountered a party of Texas Rangers, who charged them, and were received with a sharp fire. The infantry were then ordered to rally upon an adjoining wood. In the act they were charged by the Texan horsemen, and a desperate hand-to- hand encounter ensued, the Indjanians making use of their sword bayonets, they soon gained the woods, and were reinforced by two other regi ments, when the Texans fied, leaving many dead, in cluding their Colonel, upon the field. The Federal loss was thirteen killed and as many wounded." OO HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKGIMKM. Iii the above statement the author is simply mistaken, when he says the " Indianians were re inforced by two other regiments," as Colonel Wil- lich took two other companies of his own regi ment, and went to the relief of the two already engaged. Besides that, they did not get to the wood, but formed a "hollow square" in the open Held, where they successfully withstood the des perate charges of these daring Rangers, and finally repulsed them. At one time this " hollow square " was completely surrounded by the Rangers, and the only thing that saved the Indiana boys was their skillful training and knowledge of military tactics. One uf these Texas braves dashed up within ai few feet of this " hollow square," and, taking de liberate aim, fired and killed Lieut. Max Sachs, but he paid dearly for his temerity, as he " bit the dust " instantly. The Sixth Indiana was fortunate enough to "get up" just in time to be a little too late to see this engagement, but, in company with others, the writer went and examined the battlefield. From about the middle of December until the middle of February was spent here on the bank of Green River. To drill, go on dress parade, and do picket duty was the order of the day, while writing letters home, and playing euchre was the occupation to while way the long, dreary winter evenings. Men who never knew one card from another before, here learned to play euchre, and to THREE YEARS SERVICE 87 smoke a pipe, and why not ? Nothing to read, not h- ing to do, but to think ot home and loved ones left behind. Half sick and discouraged, what else could we do, but to resort to something for amuse ment, something to kill time? It was at Green River the writer was promoted to Orderly Sergeant. It was my custom to visit each company tent once or twice a day, for th# sole purpose of cheering the boys and learning their various wants. One evening, when making these rounds, I dropped into a tent and found one poor fellow all alone ; he was writing a letter home to his wife. I saw in a moment that he was very much affected, in fact, he could not conceal the tears that were freely running down his cheeks, and I said, "why, Bill, what s the matter ?" His re ply was: "Oh, God! don t ask me; this is the second letter I have received from my wife ; she and the children are almost destitute ; I had but little to leave her, and now that is gone; we arc very poor, and the store-keepers will not trust her for even the necessaries of life ; I sent her all my last pay, but it did not pay up all the rent, and the landlord says she must move ; I don t know what to do." At the close of this sentence he dropped his pencil, lay back on his bed of straw and wept bit terly. I was silent, and too full for utterance, while the hot tears flowed freely down my face. Remembering my manhood, I braced up instantly, and said to him : " Here, Bill, is two dollars (which was the last cent I had) ; send her this, and I will HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH KK .IMKNT. see if I can t help you out with some more to-mor row," told him good night and went on my rounds. The next day I borrowed live dollars from my Lieutenant and gave him. He wrote her at once enclosing the money. How many thousands of poor fellows have had a similar experience, but alas ! I fear they did not nil find a like friend. How many long, dreary nights have I laid in my tent, stretched out on an old, dirty blanket, weary and foot-sore, almost dead for rest, while the mind and thoughts were wandering back home, thinking of wife and babies. "Dear ones, did you but know my condition to night, your hearts would faint within you, you would weep yourselves to sleep." But the loved ones at home are not permitted to know these trials and hardships. The brave soldier cheers up, and when he writes home he tells them all is well, do not worry after me. Oh ! for something to oc cupy the mind, to cheer the drooping spirits, to drive away the blues, yes, anything, even a civil game of euchre. The boys will remember that it was here on the banks of Green River we took our Christmas din ner. Almost every fellow had been remembered by loved ones at home, by sending him a box of sweet-meats. The writer, too, had not been for gotten by the dear one who had been left behind to care for our two little angel babies while their father was absent in defense of the country. Yes. we got a box, and it was only an average box, not THREE YEARS SERVICE. 89 more, yet it contained roast chickens, an assort ment of pies, cakes, jellies, honey, apples, etc., and two pint bottles full of a kind of red fluid, which was not coffee, or tea. The contents of this box was spread upon an oil-cloth in the center of our tent, and of course surrounded by our mess. The opening ceremony commenced by starting one of these pint bottles around the circle. Poor Bill was there and he took a big one. Of course, I sup pose it was to drown his troubles. But after the last chicken bone was stripped the exercises closed as they begun by emptying the other bottle. In fact, the whole regiment had a general feast on good things a splendid Christmas dinner. The members of Company K will remember while at this camp one morning, after a heavy rain during the night, old Charley Stewart came in very late after being out all night, looking like he had been on a protracted drunk, and when the Captain asked him where he had been, he said that he had, in fact, got drunk on the evening be fore, and in trying to get back to the regiment had got lost, and after wandering around a long time, unable to find his way back, he crawled into one of the large cannons in order to get out of the rain. He went sound asleep in a little while, and of course those darned artillerymen did not know he was in there, and when they fired their morning salute they just happened to fire the gun he was in. He said he did not waken up until he was passing over Green River, but then it was too late 90 HISTORY OF THE MXTU KKi.IMKNT. and he had to go on, and lit over on the point near Rowlett Station. He said he was all right, only it made him a little tired to walk back to camp. Mud and rain, snow and sleet, freeze and thaw, were changes that followed each other in such quick succession that it made it very unfortunate for us poor creatures, who were just putting in our first winter as soldiers. I remember very dis tinctly on one occasion our regiment went on picket across Green River; we took position on a high quite steep knob. This knob was al most covered with cedar bushes, with branches long and drooping. When we got posted it was not cold, still the sky was covered with black, heavy clouds, but in about an hour it began to blow, and I never saw it snow any harder or faster. This condition lasted until about mid night, when the snow changed to a very cold, freezing rain, lasting the balance of the night. We found shelter from the wind and snow by crawling under the cedar trees. But when it be gan to rain we soon got out of there, and the only thing left was for us to stand up and take our medicine. When we were relieved in the morn ing it was not much trouble to get down off that hill. The boys would sit down, turn up their toes like sled runners, stear clear of cedar bushes, and " let her go, Gallagher." Everywhere it was a complete glare of ice and sleet. My only shelter that night was an oil-cloth, and somehow I didn t THREE YEARS SERVICE. 91 sleep very well; in fact, none of the boys went to sleep that night on their post. On the 13th of February, 1862, the Third Divi sion, under General O. M. Mitchell, broke camp, and moved rapidly toward Bowling Green to pre vent Johnson from sending reinforcements to Fort Donelson, which was about to be attacked by General Grant. General Mitchell arrived on the north bank of the Barren River, opposite Bowl ing Green, on the day following. His arrival was announced by the roar of cannon, whose bombs, busting in the city, spread terror among the in habitants, and hurried the retreat of the rear guard of General Johnson s army. Before evacuating Bowling Green the enemy had burned both bridges over Barren river, public buildings, railroad cars and other property. The swollen stream, without bridges, prevented the immediate advance of the troops to arrest the con flagration. General Turchin s Brigade had secured some boats in which they crossed the river during the night, and by 5 o clock next morning were in the city, and saved from destruction a portion of the rolling stock of the railroad. The continued high water offered such a barrier to the transfer of troops, artillery and trains to the south bank, that a week elapsed before Gen eral Mitchell could resume his march toward Nashville. But the week was improved by get ting the balance of the army from Green River up 92 HISTORY OF Tin: -i\ TII KBCHMENT. to Bowling Green, ready to cross as soon as Gen eral Mitchell could got out of the way By the 22d, however, General Mitchell had succeeded in getting his men all across the angry stream, and struck out the same day for Nashville, without trains, and by way of Franklin, Mitchell ville and Tyree Springs, while the balance of the army be gan the passage of Barren River. General Buell succeeded in repairing cars and engines enough to carry about a thousand men. This train was loaded with troops, and steamed off* at once for Xashville, carrying General Buell and staff, and about one thousand men. It reached Edgefield on the 24th, just as Gen eral Mitchell had arrived and was going into camp. The surrender of Fort Donelson, on the 16th, forced the evacuation of Xashville. Consequently, when General Buell arrived at this city, he found it evacuated, and the whole rebel chivalry rolling off toward the South. When General Grant notified the commander at Fort Donelson that he proposed "to move against his works without delay, he put his threat into execution, and when the rebel commander saw that defeat was sure, Generals Pillow and Floyd (and their stafts) turned the command over to General Buckner, and took steamer for Nashville, where they remained just long enough to burn all the bridges across the Cumberland, and they too moved on south to look for a more "healthy cli mate." THREE YEARS SERVICE. 93 In the meanwhile Buell s whole army was mov ing on toward Nashville. The Sixth Indiana was at her place " in ranks," and although some of the hoys did not answer at roll-call at night when we went into camp, they got there all the same, and were ready for roll-call, and their rations, too, in the morning. The writer well remembers of being detailed to gather up the stragglers at Franklin, near which place we camped over night. When the Regiment pulled out toward Nashville that morning, I went up in town and succeeded in gath ering up near fifty tired, sore-footed boys, looking a little worse of the wear, some without guns, and nearly all without rations. The boys of this sore-footed squad will remember that we all got together on the railroad, near town, and fell in and counted off. The ammunition was divided among those who had guns, and the rations well, we simply didn t have any. Here was a desperate case ; we were two days march from Nashville, the army had gone on and left us in the midst of the enemy s country, while only about half of our squad had guns, with perhaps eight or ten rounds of ammunition to the gun, and not enough rations for one square meal, and not only this, but three- fourths of the squad were actually sick, while all were foot-sore and broke down ; and still another item to take into consideration was that as we had no tents, what would we do for shelter when night overtook us ? So with all these vital, questions before us we 94 Hf STORY OF THE SIX III IM-: -l.MENT. simply held a " Council of War," in which privates as well as officers participated. It was finally de cided to divide into two equal squads. The writer was to take one squad and go the pike, while another Sergeant took the other and was to go down the railroad track. The object of dividing was to give us a better chance to forage, and then, perhaps, we could find a better chance to get shel ter at night ; so with this understanding the boys told each other " good bye" and we started, with the intention of catching up with the regiment on the evening of the second day, which we did, get ting in about the same time, and without any mishap. As for myself and squad, we certainly faired very well. We found plenty to eat and very often the parties refused to take pay, which was always offered. If there still survives any who were in the squad with the writer, they will remember that, on the evening of the first day, we <^ome to a respectable looking farm house, and decided to strike the old fellow for quarters over night. While the boys lay down to rest I went on to investigate. I found the proprietor a very in telligent gentleman and, a solid Union man. He told me to bring the boys in and he would not only give them lodging, but would prepare a good supper and breakfast for them. When I returned and announced my success I was well rewarded by the broad smile that spread over the tired faces. We fell in and inarched into the yard in true soldier style; halted, stacked arms and broke THREE YEARS SERVICE. 95 ranks. The old man approached and gave each man a hearty shake of the hand. We were then furnished water and towels, and for the first time since we broke camp every fellow had a clean face and his head combed. The supper was good and the boys ate it with a relish. When we retired at night we took our guns with us, and was ready for any emergency. We got an early start next morning after a good, square breakfast, for all of which the old man would not have a cent of pay. I am satisfied the men were fifty per cent, better off this morning than they were when they left Franklin. Dan Shubart declared that on a good night s rest and two square meals, he could go into camp that night without an other bite to eat. CHAPTER V. ENTERING NASHVILLE. Move toward Duck Kiver We strike out for Savanah, Tenn. We hear the cannon at Shiloh Our steamboat ride up to Shiloh A terrible night in the mud and rain Screaming of the wounded and dying. The rear of the rebel army was scarcely out ot the city of Nashville when General Buell with his magnificent army arrived on the north side of the Cumberland River, boats were procured, and the work of crossing began at once. By 9 o clock at night the troops were all over, and Nashville was in the possession of the Union army. In order to find camping ground, the army was marched two or three miles beyond the city, and our brigade halted in an open field for the night. These fields Avere enclosed by stone walls or fences and conse quently there was nothing to build fires. A cold rain had been falling nearly all day, and when evening came the mercury fell below the free/ing point; the boys clothes which were thoroughly wet were frozen on them. In the absence of fire without, it was thought advisable to kindle one within. Accordingly, two barrels of whisky was ordered to each brigade, and was issued to the men which seemed to arouse their drooping spirits. MOVK TOWARD JHX K KIVER. 1)7 and they were enabled to endure the 1 storm until morning, when suitable camping grounds were selected, and soon tliey bad immense loo- tires bv which their clothes were dried ; the 1 seething camp- kettle told of coffee, and the patient soldiers soon forgot the hardships and trials of the night before. It was just as the boys were preparing their evening meal around these big log tires, that the writer and his sore-footed squad arrived in camp: to say we were happy, expresses it mildly. The army remained quiet around Xashville un til about the loth of March, when McCook s Di vision was ordered to strike tents and head toward Columbia, on Duck River, with a further view of moving on to Savannah, on the Tennessee River, a point where the whole army was ordered to con centrate. When we arrived at Duck Run we found the bridge burned, and the stream full to the top of its banks. As our division had no pon tons, it became necessary to build a bridge 1 , which work was assigned to the Thirty-second Indiana. But. before the bridge was completed, General Buell received word that General Grant, who had brought his forces up the Tennessee River, had landed on the west bank of the river. General Huell s keen military vision enabled him instantly to see the great danger of Grant s army. The ex citement among the officers of Buell s army was so intense that General Xelson would not wait for the completion of the bridge, but crossed the river by wading and swimming together, getting his !>8 HIVIOKY 01 TIIK SIXTH RK< J I MKVI . entire division, artillery, baggage, etc-., over safely, and struck out rapidly for Savannah. The bridge, however, was completed on the i^Jth, and the inarch wa* immediately resumed, and by the olst the en tire Army of the Ohio was headed for Savannah. Before we get too far from Duck Kiver, I must hairiong enough to ask the boys of the Sixth In diana if they have forgotten the night we crossed that turbulent stream? I confess that I was so thoroughly frightened that to this day I shudder when I think of the great danger we were in. I would, of choice, risk my scalp in another battle like Shiloh, rather than start across another bridge like the one over Duck Kiver a temporary bridge built on top of the water, held to its place by ropes fastened to trees away up a stream swift as a mill race and many feet dee)), mad, angry and turbulent, rushing and foaming, fairly hissing un der our feet, only a few inches above it the white foam rolling up against the upper end of this frail structure in a most threatening manner, and dark as hades, except the flickering lights on the shore, which only enabled you to see mure clearly your terrible danger. Only imagine this frail structure freighted with human souls to the Very waters edge, continually screeching and cracking under your feet, while the ropes that held it in place were stretched so tight by the great volume of rushing waters that you could hear them fairly sing in the air; and then remember that every man is carrying a gun. cartridge-box, haversack, Wi: STRIKE Ol T FOK SAVANNAH, TENN. 99 knapsack and blanket, and is so hound uj> bv straps that, should any one of these guv ropes break, it would he certain death to every mother s son on the bridge. The man who \vould not he frightened in such a situation has neither nerves nor sense. But we got across the river all the same, and started on with the halance of the " Great Army," whose objective point was Savan nah. Only one route was practicable, a single, narrow roadway, in poor condi-tion for the ordinary travel of a sparsely inhabited region, and we think the poorest country we ever saw, but along* this lonely narrow way the army moved slowly along. It was the intention of General Bnell to halt the army at Waynesboro, a point on our route, long enough to rest up and get in good repair and shape for the meeting and consolidation with General Grant s army at Savannah. But General X clson, ignorant of this proposal to halt at Waynesboro, and alive to the probability of an early attack upon General Grant, hurried through the place for a rest and trimming up for a handsome introduction to the Army of the Tennessee, and by sweeping impetu ously on the road to Savannah, defeated the halt at Waynesboro, for, before General Buell thought it necessary to give orders to Nelson, other divisions to which the speed of the first had been communi cated, were also bevond Waynesboro, and could not then be recalled, and but for this rapid move ment of General Xelson, which enabled him to ]>> HISTORY <>F THK SIXTH RKCIM KNT. arrive at Savannah <>n the ~>th, who can predict the fate of Grant s army, then ly ini^ (juietly in camp at 1 ittshm 1 " Landing, twelve miles ahovc. and. Too, on the enemy s side ot the river, with no means for crossing except by transports, and they, General <irant telegraphed Nelson, would not he readv tor him before the 8th. IMease comprehend the situation: On the ">th General Xelson s Division is jnst pulling into Sa vannah, twelve miles helow the scene 1 of action, and on the opposite side- of a lary river without bridges, his men tired and worn out hv forced O marches, while the balance of Knell s army wa* strnnu 1 out on the road hack in the real for a dis tance of forty miles. And in this condition the evening of the .">th closes, and the bu<rle hhw< lialt for the niufht, and the weary soldiers stretch themselves upon the 1 wet, cold o-roiind to rest and to slumber, while at the very same moment the rebel army is stealthilv approaching, and. with the cunning of a tiuvr. preparing to spring upon the unconscious and slumbering Army of the Tennessee. When the bugle blowed halt on the evening of the ")th. the Sixth Indiana went into camp not less than thirty-six miles from Savannah, and but little did we think, when we set around our camp-tires next morning, eating onr breakfast of coffee, hard tack and sow-belly, that this thirty-six miles was to be covered before niirhtfall. TSnt breakfast over, the hiiirle blows the forward movement, and the \VE IIIOAR THE ( ANNXDN ^ JT ,S1ULOJI. !Wl "Army of the Ohio" again moves forward toward Savannah. The sore-footed, tired ami weary soldier plods along in the mud, watching his steps as best lie can, in order to save his strength, and chatting, perhaps, with a comrade about home, or, may he, the prospective impending crash of the two great armies, which were at this time approaching each other like two hideous monsters. While thus wending our way along, the silence is broken by an unusual sound. Hark ! it comes again. Boom ! Boom! Boom! greets the ear in sounds not to be mistaken. Instantly each man grasps his gun more "firmly, while, at the same time, he examines bis cartridge-box see tbem pull out for the front ! The speed is doubled; tlie mud is not in the way any more. Forward quick-time, came back the line, and it effects the soldier like applying the lash to the tired horse. Noon is near at hand and we are baited on the banks of a small stream, and ordered to eat a, bite while resting: also, to stack our knapsacks, and, in fact, unload everything but our guns and forty rounds of ammunition. Only a few minutes rest, and away we go again ; slip, slop, splash, splash; up hill and down, keeping time to the roar of the artillery, which was visibly closer from each hill-top, and, while I can not speak for the other members of the regiment, I am free to eonfesi that I never, up to that time, had heard of a place that I cared any less about //>/// ///<</ up to f/ef there" than that place called Shiloh. Some Y or TI: HXTH how every step 1 took seemed to go against the grain." But ahout 8 o clock that evening found us in Savannah, and about 11 o clock wo were loaded aboard a steamer, and shipped up to 1 ittsburg Landing. The boys will remember that it rained so hard on the way up that we could not stav on the upper deck. They will also remember that we went only a few miles up the river, perhaps six or eight miles, until we came in sight of the camp tires of Grant s defeated and demoralized troops. The different brigades and divisions had been shattered and so badly demoralized that, as 0-011- eral Sherman said, u it had become of a mixed character," and the farther up we went the worse it got. until, when we finally struck the Landing, the groups of unorganized men stood around so thick that we could hardly find standing room on shore. It rained all the way up. and we got off the boat in a drenching rain and mud over shoe-top deep. It was simply mud and rain everywhere. I don t think our regiment got one hundred feet from the river s edge where we got off that night, and I think I give the experience of every mem ber of the old Sixth when I say that the night of the 6th of April, 1862, was the worst night of our entire three years service. Language fails me when I undertake to describe the terrible sufferings and hardships of that night after we landed, and in giving mv own experience A XKJHT IN TJIK Mfl) AND RAIN. 103 1 export that I but voice tlio sentiment of everv member of the regiment. My clothes were wot to the skin, my foot and ankles were blistered, and my legs [mined me so badly that to sleep would have been impossible, oven bad there been anv chance for it; but none but the dead could sleep. Standing in the open air in mud ankle deep, and the rain simply coming down in torrents, and, to make matters worse, it turned cold; the rapid, heavy marching through the day had warmed us to a copious sweat, and in cooling oft* we passed to the other extreme, and with no possible chance for exercise; and to add to tins condition, there was a hospital within thirty steps of us, where the doc tors were busy dressing the wounded, extracting balls, and amputating shattered limbs. Tbe groans and shrieks of the wounded and dying drowned every other noise except the pelting rain. I finally became so miserable that in my desperation I struck off. I knew not where, nor did I care. It seemed to me I could not possibly survive till morning and remain where I was. I was actuated T> by that instinct which prompts all animals to act when life is at stake. I followed the road leading back from the river, and had gone only about one hundred yards, when my attention was attracted \)y a large fire off to my right, some two or three hundred yards. I determined to go to it at once, and struck out through the woods, bumping along against men and trees,, in midnight darkness, ex cept the large fire in my front. Wherever men H>4 lll>To|;y OK THK -IXTH I! l.(i IM KNT. could rind a spot where water was not standing on the ground, they were lying in groups trviug t sleep. It was all the same to- me. I kept on mv course, and sometimes I would start up over a raft of these sleeping men, lying 1 along like poles on a corduroy road, but I never halted to apologize, but kept on toward the tire, and left them swearing and sometimes threatening to shoot. One time, after I had stumbled over a crowd of >leepers, one fellow jumped and said to his com rade : "Bill, there is a horse- loose in camp: he has just passed right over us, and I believe has broke some of my ribs." 1 had gone only a few steps when I stepped on something I thought was a stone- or bump on a root, but before I took my foot off. the object moved and my foot slipped to tin- ground. .lust then a Dutchman yelled out: * ( Jot dam for hell ! " and jumped up and took out after me: but I had the advantage of him, and made a few steps to one side- and let him go by me. making the water splash at every step, lie made only a few jumps past me when bang! he took a tree. For a moment all was still, but he soon came to, and again yelled out: u Oh, mine Got in bimmel ! Shake, I am kilt ! " This brought Jake to his relief, and I thought may be 1 had better go on. I did so, and soon arrived at the tire, and such a sight I never saw before! The bovs had built a large log tire, which was burning fifteen feet high, and around this not less than three hundred men were crowded, forming a solid THE BOYS HAD BL ILT A LARGE LOU KIKE. 1<)5 wall of men not loss than thirty feet thick. Kortv feet was as close as I could get to the tire. Xo .man seemed disposed to give way for a friend; it was every fellow for himself. I walked twice around the ring, in mud worked up until it was ankle deep, watching a chance to get in. It was simply impossible; I could not do it. But the immense lire had warmed up the atmosphere, and I derived some benefit from that. This, with the exercise, had started the blood to circulating again, and restored both my feeling and senses, for I was nearly crazy, and began to feel uneasy, and struck out for the regiment, which I found by pure acci dent. In my wandering around, I accidentally struck the main road, out of which I started at first. I simply guessed at which end to take, but, fortunately took the end that led me back to the I eii iment. One very important change had taken place while I was gone. I had all along been watching a fellow who occupied a very enviable position under the dry side of a leaning tree. For some reason, he had vacated, and I immediately moved in and took possession. I crouched down with my back against the tree, and in a few min utes was sound asleep. 1 do not know how long I slept, but when I u roused up* I could plainly see streaks of the dawning day, and when I under took to stand up I was as stiff as a dead rabbit, with mv limbs so badly cramped that there was no feeling in them, and it was some time before I could stand upright or make a step. Hut daylight 106 HISTORY or TIIK SIXTH RKOIMKNT. had so tar advanced that we could heii in to in the surroundings, and such a sio-ht meets the eye of man. There was disorder and contusion everywhere, and a worse looking set of men would he hard to tind than the old Sixth. But, thank (4od, it was only in looks, and a little cleansing and dressing, with a tew square meals, would make this all right. But a hraver, mre reliable regiment of men never shouldered mus kets than the old Sixth. PHILEMON P. BALDWIN. CHAPTER VI. THE BATTLE OF SHILOH. The bugle sounds the fall-in Rousseau s Brigade The Sixth Indiana defends a battery A terrible day s battle The rebels defeated and flying Description of the battle Our losses A dear victory. "Bugler, sound the "fall in!"" came from a quick, imperative voice, close by me. I looked in the direction of the speaker, and saw General Rousseau and Colonel Crittenden crawling out from under a large tarpaulin. The bugle brought every man to his feet, and the regiment began to form in line. As soon as formed, the order to forward was given. We marched only a short distance, over on a point which had been vacated by troops already sent to the front, and halted long enough to take coffee, inspect guns, ammunition, etc., and immediately moved to the front. Xo regu larly defined plan of battle was agreed upon be tween the army commanders, but General Huell was assigned to the left wing of the battle-front. General Nelson s Division was formed on the ex treme left at five o clock in the morning, his left resting on the river. Crittendeif s Division formed on Nelson s right, while MeCook was still on the right of Crittenden. Thus it will be seen that Mi-Cook s Division formed the right-center of the battle-front, and General Rousseau s Brigade lOS IIIMOKY oK TIIK SIXTH KKGIMKNT. formed the left ofMcCook s Division, and e<m>e- (j lien tly Rosseau joined Crittenden s riglit. Rous seau s Brigade was composed of the First Ohio. commanded hy Colonel B. F. Smith; Fifth Ken- tcuky, commanded hy Colonel II. M. Bucklev: Sixth Indiana, commanded hy Colonel T. T. Crit- tendeii: also, the First Batalion of the Fifteenth and the First Batalion of the Nineteenth Regulars. Rousseau s was the Fourth Brigade of MeTook s (Second) Division in tlie Army of the Ohio, com manded hy General Bui ll. The part taken hy the Sixth Indiana in this (tat tle is not entirely isolated from the halance of- the brigade, as early in the day Rousseau s Brigade took an advanced position on the line and was charged hy the enemy. This charge was our in troduction to the hattle. The hoys stood their ground like heroes, not mov.iiMj hack a step, al though the rehcls pressed up within a stone s throw of our front, hut the splendidly drilled and skillful soldiers of the Fourth Brigade rained the leaden hail into their wavering ranks until thev were repulsed, and then gave them a counter harge, which sent them whirling to the rear, and aptured one of their batteries. This was more than they proposed to stand, so they rallied their forces, and here they come again. They were not only Stopped, hut held at hay. until our ammunition was exhausted, when we wen- relieved hy Kirk s Brigade until we could replenish. While our brigade was taking this temporary DEFENDING A BATTKKY. 109 rest and receiving a fresh supply of amuiunitioi] the battle raged desperately. It was charge an<l counter charge, one continuous roll of musket rv, while the artillery rained death and destruction all around us. .Just at this moment the Sixth Indiana was ordered to the front to defend a bat- ferv. The old Sixth went sailing out on double quick, and was brought up in line with a whirl. We had only just formed around our battery when our ears were greeted by the peculiar "rebel yell," always given when they kk make a charge;" they were coming like devils through a thick under brush, with their stars and bars fluttering high in the air. The old Sixth held her fire until they were within one hundred yards of us, when old Colonel Crittenden gave the order to a ready, aim. tire;" in two minutes from that time only dead rebels were in gun-shot of that battery, unless it was some 1 poor fellow too badly wounded to get away. Twice as many rebels could not have cap tured that battery. I>y this time the balance of the brigade was brought up, and we immediately took position on the front line. A general ad vance was ordered, and shortly McCook s whole Division was engaged. We soon drove the enemy beyond General Sherman s old camps. This was the enemy s last effort, except to hold the Union forces in check to cover their retreat. While MeCook s Division had been doing such splendid work, Xelson and Oittenden had done equally well. At the same time the right wing. 110 III>T<H!Y OK THK SIXTH KKiil.MliNI. composed of the Army of flu- Tennessee, and which had been so terribly handled the day be ton- Jiad steadily gained on the enemy all day, and about four o clock in the evening the rebels fled in disorder and confusion from the field, leaving be hind their dead and wounded. The first intima tion we liad that the " victory was ours " waif given us by General Rousseau, who came riding up the line in a sweeping gallop, swinging bis bat over bis bead, and in a voice that might have been heard for a quarter of a mile, "The rebels are fly ing! The rebels are flying! The victory is ours!" and as the old hero, on his splendid sorrel charger went up the line, making the mud and water fly for rods in every direction, one spontaneous shout for joy rent the ail , while the hats went many feet into the air: some laughed and some cried. Just at this time we got orders to stack arms, which we did. and then there was one universal hand shaking. Oh. was nt that a glorious meeting! I don t know anything about how happy the angels are in Heaven, but if they feel any better than I did at that time, I don t care much how soon 1 am one of them. Professor Kettell. in his history of the (treat .Rebellion, has this to say of the battle v>f Shiloh : kt On the .")th of April, the force under (irant, in the neighborhood of Pitts burg Landing, composed of five divisions, under (ieiieral McClernand, Brig adier (icncral YV. II. L. Wallace. Major-! ieiieral Lewis Wallace. Brigadier-General Ilurlhut and DESCRIPTION OF THK BATTLl!. Ill Brigadier-General W. T. Sherman, the whole constituting what was known as the Army of West Tennessee. Of these, General Lewis Wal lace s Division was at Crump s Landing, six miles below Pittsburg Landing, while the remainder of the army lay immediately around the latter place; BnelFs forces were thirty miles distant from the river, which they were approaching from the di rection of Nashville as rapidly as the heavy roads would permit. The troops on the west hank of the Tennessee occupied the following positions: On the extreme right was Sherman s Division, rest ing on Owl Creek, about three miles from I itts- burg Landing ; next came McClernand s Division; and next to him, on the left, was General Prentiss, having charge of a subdivision of McClernand s command, resting on Lick Creek, at a distance of nearly three miles from the river; YV. II. L. Wal lace s Division acted as a support to Sherman and McClernand, and llurlburt s as a support to the left wing under Prentiss. The troops thus formed a sort of semi-circle between Owl and Lick Creeks, which run at right angles with the Tennessee "River, and are about three miles apart. They were probably too widely scattered to support each other readily in case of a sudden attack by superior numbers, but the field had been selected, and the positions assigned, by one of the ablest Generals in the service, whose judgment has since been amply confirmed by the first military author ities of the country; and General Grant was ad- 11- m-i-roKY OF THI: SIXTH KK<;IMI;M. ditionally protected hy several irunhoats anchored oft tin- landing and was also in lionrlv expeeta- tion of the arrival of General Buell. .On the morning of April 3d, .Johnson >-ave or ders for the rehel troops to march from Corinth to Pittshurii Landing. In consequence of had roads and inclement weather the advance was un expectedly slow. an<l it was not until the evening of the ">th that the attacking force was concen trated in the vicinity of the Federal position. The rehel army was formed in three lines. The first, under General Ilardee, extended from Owl Creek on the left to Lick Creek on the rio ht. The second, under Bra"-" , followed the first at an in terval of eiirlit hundred yards, and the corps of Polk formed the third line 1 in columns- of brigades, with lotteries in rear of each hri^ade. The re serves were under Brecken ridge. At ti o clock, on the morning of the Uth, the advancing line suddenly drove in the picket> of J rentiss Corps. Into the half-aroused camps thronged the rehel regiments, firiirg sharp volleye as they came, and springing forward with the hayoiiet. Some of the 1 nion soldiei s wei e shot down as they were rn lining, without weapons. hatless, coatless, toward the river. The searching liiillets found others in their tents, where they still slumbered, while the unseen foe rushed on. Others fell as they were disentangling themselves from the flaps that formed the doors to their tents: DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE. 1LS others, again, as they were buckling on tlieir ac- eoutrenients ; and not a tew, it was said, as thcv were vainly trying to impress on the exultant enemy their readiness to surrender. Officers were wounded in their heds and left for dead, who, through two days, lay gasping- \\\ their agony, and were subsequently found in their tents, still ahle to tell the tale. Thus were overwhelmed Prentiss* snhdivision and Ilildebrand s Brigade of Sherman s .Division, wliieli retire<l, leaving tlieir camps and guns. The remainder of Sherman s Division, aroused hy the alarm, had sprung to their arms harelv in time to receive the onslaught of the enemv, who came sweeping against tlieir front They man aged, partkilly, to check the advance, and to retire upon a ridge in the rear, where they thwarted every effort of the enemy to Hank the army on the right, holding, as General Grant said, The key- point of the Landing." The shout of the men, the roar of guns and rat tle of muskets, were arousing rapidly the whole army, and MuClernand soon formed his right t<> sustain Sherman. Prentiss Corps was partially rallied in an open space surrounded hy scrub oaks, which was tilled with the enemy, who, thus covered, slaughtered them at his leisure. Two whole regiments, with General Prentiss, were captured and marched to the rear, with others, and the subdivision was practically disorganized. 8 114 HISTORY 01 THi; SIXTH l:K< ; IMRNT. The first availal>le hrigade of W. II. L. Wallace s Division now advanced to support Stuart, of Sher man s Division, hut lost its way and was repulsed* Soon after McClemand got into action, he was compelled to draw in his brigades that had sup ported Sherman to protect his left against the onset of the rebels, who, seeing 1 how he had weak ened himself there, and inspired hy their recent success over Prentiss, hurled themselves against him with tremendous force. A couple of new regiments, the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Iowa, were hrought up, hut to utterly raw troops the heavy tire was too severe a trial, and they gave way in confusion. To meet the attack, the whole division then made a change of front and faced along the Corinth road. Here the hatteries weiv placed in position, and till ten o clock the rehels were foiled in every attempt to gain the road. This disposition, however, left a gap between McClernand and Sherman, which the rehels promptly availed themselves of for the purpose of turning the former s right. Ihvsser s hattery ot rifled guns opened on them as they passed, and with fearful slaughter. The nmnhers of the enemy told terribly in the strife. The constan-t arrival of fresh regiments at last overpowered Mr- Clernand s shrinking division. The line and general officers had Buffered severely. The batteries were hroken up, and several of the guns lost, hut the soldiers fought bravelv to the last under a fearful disadvantage. DESCRIPTION OF THE KATTLE. 115 Gradually they began falling back, more slowly than had Prentiss regiments, and making more determined resistance, because better organized. Occasionally rallying and repulsing the enemy, in turn, for a hundred yards, then being beaten back again and renewing the retreat to some new posi tion for fresh defense. The Union front to the left and center was thus cleared of its original divi sions, and at 1:2 o clock the chief burden of the fight fell upon the divisions of Hnrlbut, Wallace and Sherman, which now stood between the army and destruction. The troops of the broken brigades and divisions had fallen to the rear, some stragglers going as far as the river bank. These were brought back, and in some cases regiments were patched up and hurried to the front. According to general understanding, in the event of an attack at Pittsburg Landing, Major- General Lew Wallace was to come in on our right and flank the rebels by marching across from Crump s Landing below, but through misdirection as to the wav, he took a long and circuitous route, and never reached the battle-field until the fighting was over for the day. Meanwhile the divisions of Hnrlbnt and W. II. L. Wallace, extending somewhat to the left, nobly sustained an unequal struggle against the overpowering rebel masses. Three times did the enemy bear heavily with their full strength upon llnrlbnt, and three times were they repulsed with terrible slaughter. But the force of the enemv was too "Teat, ami it was 1H> HISTORY OF THK SIXTH KK< JIMKNT. handled with admirable skill. Repulse was noth ing to them. A rusli on our lines tailed, tlu-v took their disordered troops to tlie real and sent up fresh troops, who, ignorant ot tlie fearful re ception awaiting tliein, pushed forward without hesitation. The jaded division was finally com pelled to yield, and, after six hours magnificent fighting, fell hack to a point within half a mile of the Landing. The retirement of Ilurlhut, left \V. H. L. Wal lace s division still fighting with determined front. It had for some hours maintained almost a con tinuous roll of musketry, and kept its ground against four separate charges of the enemy, hut the supports being now gone, retreat was impera tive. At this moment Wallace frll and was home from the field, and the division fell hack. It was now tour o clock in the afternoon, and hoth sides were somewhat exhausted hy ten hours of almost continuous fighting. Xaturallv enough, there-tore, a lull took p ace in the firing, which was well im proved hy Grant. Sherman had meanwhile formed a new and strong line on the right, which was pro longed to the left hy re-formed brigades and regi ments from the remaining divisions of the army, while with excellent judgment Colonel Webster, Grant s chief of artillery, placed the remaining pieces in a semi-circle on the left so as to pour a concentrated fire upon the enemy who.it was sup posed were massing for a last desperate onset in DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTI.K. 117 this direction. Tho gun-boats, Tyk r and Lex ington, also moved up to tlie inoutli of Lick Creek, to bring tlieir guns within range of tlie enemy, scarcely more than half a mile distant. In addition to this protection, the hard-pressed army, were cheered by the intelligence that Xel- on s Division, constituting tlie advance of Bnell, had reached the eastern hank of tlie Tennessee, and would soon cross to their assistance. Suddenly, at about five o clock, the enemy burst upon the Union left, only to be swept down In- steady volleys of musketry and the withering tire of the batteries. To add to their consternation, the huge gun 8 of the Tyler and Lexington ploughed into their Hanks. Again and again did the rebels attempt To break through the circle of tire, within which the Union Army stood at bay. The posi tion seemed impregnable. Disappointed and dis heartened, they at length retired at nightfall, and the battle was over for the day. So far was the Union Army from being beaten, that General (irant had some time before this, issued orders to his Division Commanders to prepare to assume the offensive at an early hour in the morning. The rebels had suffered during the day and ex perienced an irreparable loss in the death of Gen eral Johnson, who was killed at half past two o clock. His troops exhausted by the previous march and twelve hours combat, could not collect and send to the rear the spoils captured, but slept UN HISTORY MI-- TIN: SIXTH KKUIMKNT. on their arms. General Beauregard, now in com mand, established liis headquarters at Shiloh Church, hoping that some delay would prevent the arrival of General Bnell, who he knew was on the march. Throughout the night the gun-boats bom- barded ihe rehel position not only preventing an advance, but actually compelling the enemy to re tire a short distance. A drenching rain set in during the night, in the midst of which the troops of General Buell arrived. He had reached Savannah on the evening of tin 1 oth, General Nelson leading the advance. On the morning of the (Jth the firing in the direction of Pittsburg was heard, and General Buell sent or ders for the division in the rear to leave the trains and hurry forward. Nelson was ordered at half past one o clock, to leave his guns to be carried in steamboats, the roads being impracticable for artillery and to march the men opposite Pittsburg Landing, where General Bnell himself arrived late on the Uth. During the night of the lith, the division of Nel son crossed the river and took position on the I liion left. It was followed by the divisions of General T. L. Grit-tendon and McCook. which were posted on the left center and center, while the troops which had participated in the battle of the 6th occupied the right center and right. The ex treme right was held by General Lewis Wallace s Division, which also arrived on the night of the 6th. DESCRIPTION OF THE HATTLK. 119 The last named* General opened the action at an early hour on the 7th, by shelling some rebel bat teries in his immediate front, and under cover of his tire the whole right win"- advanced some dis tance. The fighting was by no means so severe as on the previous day, but the enemy, nevertheless, mad** some desperate efforts on either wing to maintain the ground they had gained. At one time Wallace was so hard pressed that he was obliged to send to Sherman for aid. Finally, how ever, the rebels on this part of the line were pushed back beyond the position they had held on the night of the 5th, and retreated from the hard fought field. On the left the contest was more severe. Xel- son s division was first engaged, and advanced so rapi<llv as to expose its right flank, which forced him to retire until reinforced by Boyle s Brigade, of Crittenden s Division, when he again moved forward and drove back the enemy, capturing some of their guns and occupying the rising- ground in front. On the right of Xelson came up Crittendcn. Between eight and nine o clock, while keeping Smith s Brigade on his left up even with Xelson s flank, and joining Boyle s Brigade to McCook s on the right, in the grand advance Crittenden came upon the enemy with a battery in position, and well supported. Smith dashed his brigade for ward, and for a short time there was close work with musketrv until the rebels fled, leaving us rjl> HISTORY 01 nil: SIXTH KIJ.IMKVi. three pieces, a twelve-pound howitzer ami two brass six-pounders* For halt an hour the storm raged around these captured guns: then came the returning rebel wave that liadliurled Nelson back. Crittenden, too, caught its full force. They swept up to the battery, and down after our retreating column, but the two brigades, like those of Nel son to their left, took a fresh position, faced the foe and held their ground. Mendenhall s and Bartlett s Batteries now be gan shelling the rebel infantry, which paused, and finally fell back. A gallant charge secured the contested battery, while the rebels retreated toward the left. Smith and Boyle holding the in fantry well in hand. Mendenhall again got their range and poured in she ll on the new position. The enemy s line now commenced a retrograde movement, which both Xelson and (Yittenden vig orously pushed. Tin 1 brigade of Wood arrived soon after and joined in the pursuit, and the left was safe. Meantime McCook, in the center, after a tierce 1 tight with the opposing foe, had driven him to the woods. As Buell s fresh troops suc cessively arrived upon the left and center, the enemy, whose reserves were exhausted, com menced, about two o clock, a general retreat. At a distance of eight hundred yards he made a stand, and opened with his artillery, but, being pushed by Crittenden, retired with the loss of a battery. The rear guard of the enemy, under Breckenridge, held on the nin ht of the 7th, du ring THE LOSS OF BOTH ARMIES. 121 a severe 1 rain, the ground Occupied by him on the night of the 5th. On the Sth, General Sherman started in pursuit, and succeed in routing a body of rebel cavalry, whose camp he captured, with a quantity of am munition. The line of retreat was found to be strewn with small arms, clothing and accoutre ments. The constant rains had made the roads nearlv impassible, and the pursuit, in consequence, soon terminated. The official report of General Bean regard placed his loss at one thousand seven hundred and twenty-eight killed, eight thousand and twelve wounded, and nine hundred and fifty-nine missing: total, ten thousand six hundred and ninety-nine. His forces did not retain any of the material cap tured on Sunday, except that the men who were badly armed exchanged their weapons for the superior rifles found on the battle-field. The Union loss of cannon on the Oth was about bal anced by their captures on the 7th. The Union loss in the two day s fighting was, in General Grant s army, one thousand three hundred and forty-nine killed, five thousand nine hundred and twentv-seven wounded, and three thousand eight hundred and seventy missing, making a total of eleven thousand three hundred and fifty-six. In General Buell s army, the loss was two hundred and sixty-five killed, one thousand eleven hundred and ninety-four wounded, and ninety-three miss ing, making a total loss of two thousand one bun- l 2 2 IN>TOI:Y "F yni: HXTH 1:1:1; IMI-NT. dred and fifty-two. The grand total loss in both the I liion armies was thirteen thousand five hundred and eight. The Sixtli Regiment had no officers killed or wounded at the hattle of Shiloh. Company u A liad one man killed. Oliver K. .lovce, and two wounded, Thomaa Lund and John A. Kellev. The record shows none killed or wounded in Company U B in this hattle. Company "C* men also escaped unhurt. Company - k 1) " had none killed, but three wounded, Edward Conover, Almond Haekett and John MeCullough. Company u K" had one man killed. Aaron Hun ter, and none wounded. Company k F" had five men killed, William M. Allstott, David Baugh, Michael Fineran, Peter Lore, and James II. O Brien. The record shows none wounded. Company "(-i" had none killed or wounded in this hattle. Company k - II " reports none killed or wounded in this engagement. Company "I" reports none killed or wounded in this hattle. Company "K" reports none killed and only one wounded, William L. Marshall. Making in all seven killed and six wounded at the hattle of Shiloh. It may be said, as a truth, that Shiloh was the first opportunity the Sixth Regiment had ever had to fully realize what war was, but at the close of A DKAK VICTORY. 123 tliis terrible struggle, we were well aware that it meant neither fun nor pastime, neither was it .altogether void of danger. While we had gained a great victory, and fully realized that we were the victors, yet were well aware of the fact that it was a dearly bought vic tory. It had cost us the lives of one thousand six hundred brave men, while nearly eight thousand bad been made cripples for life, or, perhaps, mor tally wounded, as many died after a short period of terrible suffering. Roll call on the evening of the 7th of April, 1862, found the Sixth Regiment thirteen short of only a few hours before, with seven of this number cold in death, lying here and there over the battle field, half buried in mud and water, while the other six, pierced by the enemy s bullets, had been carried to the rear to suffer, and, perhaps, die of their wounds. But the battle is over, and the next tiling is to care for the living, and we started from where we fired our last shot back to ward the river, both to find dry ground on which to camp, and, if possible, to secure rations. We were successful in both, for soon we found an ele vated spot above water where fires were built, and soon the steaming camp kettle told of coffee: add to this salt bacon and hard crackers, and you have the supper on which the tired, hungry soldier feasted that evening. But it was good; yes, any thing to eat, no matter what, the soldier ate it with a relish, and was happy. < hily think of what we had passed through in the last forty-eight 124 HI-TOKY OF TIM; MXTII I:K;IMENT. hours, and now here comfortably seated around our camp tiros, sipping our coffee, in full possession of tin* battle field, with the enemy completely routed and fleeing for life through the swamps to ward Corinth, leaving behind them over ten thousand, killed and wounded, with manv pris oners. .Every member of the Sixth felt proud of his record on that day, and each one had his story to tell of what lie had clone; in fact, each one fe.lt himself a " hero in the strife, and the part our regiment took in the battle was the theme that oc cupied the mind of the soldier the halance of the evening, until tired and weary we turned in for the night. In oui- joy and exultations we had ceased to re gard the- incessant rain as a matter of much conse quence. We had got used to that, as it had rained constantly the whole day lon<, and as the country round about was ijuite level, the battle tield pre sented the appearance of a great swamp, or lake. But what did we cure for water, or rain, or mini, or rebels either for that matter; fifteen minutes after we stretched ourselves upon the cold, wet ground. CHAPTER VIL. WE GO INTO CAMP. We bury the dead of both sides Governor Morton visits us Curious sights to be seen on the battle field Change of Com manders We break camp and start for Corinth A. big scare Corinth evacuated. The 1 morning of the 8tli dawns and it is still raining and is dark and gloomy. The bugle s morning call roused a lot of sore, tired and weary boys, some sick and not fit for duty. But after coffee, suitable camping ground was selected and \ve moved on it and put up tents, and while a part of the regiment is doing this the Orderly makes a detail to go and bury the dead. The writer had charge of this detail ; we pro vided ourselves with the necessary tools, and struck out to til id a place where the dead lie the thickest. We had not gone very far, when I step ped upon a log, and, although it was heavy tim bered land covered with logs and brush, I counted thirty-five dead rebels from my position where I stood on the log, and I said, "boys, here is the place;" the next point was to find a spot above water. This we did, and went to work, and while some would dii>% others would carry up the dead; 12<> IIISTOKY or Tin: SIXTH KI:<;I.MK\T. we dug a pit or grave, six feet wide and forty feet longhand, say, about three toot deep. In this grave we laid the bodies side by side until the bottom of the pit was oovored. Whenever we could tret thorn, blankets were spread over the bodies, when wo could not get blankets, their coats were taken ott and spread over their faces, and, without any further ceremony, the poor unfortunate, misguided fellows were covered up. No tears won 1 shed, no mourners wore around this lonely spot. This work was continued day after day until all the dead were buried, and the great battle field became the bu ry in g ground of both armies. The reader can form some idea of what is meant when we speak of burying the dead if lie will only remember the killed on this battle- tield numbered 5,842. Now, suppose when those men are laid side by side in one lout? grave they occupy two foot to the man. \Ve then have <>,l)84 feet which is a little less than one mile and throe <|Uarters. Hut lot us re turn to camp, where we find the boys writing home to family and friends, reporting the glad news of their safety, giving a description of the battle, etc. It was near the last of April before the armv made a general move on toward Corinth. The Sixth Regiment underwent some important changes during this time. Its Colonel, T. T. Crit-- tendon, had been promoted to a Brigadier-General, to date April 28, 1802. To till the vacancy eau>ed by this promotion, Captain I*. P. Bald win, of Com pany u A," was promoted to the place. On the l!tli VISIT OF (iOVKRNOR MORTON. 127 of May, 1802, Lieutenant-Colonel Hiram 1 rather resigned, and Captain Hagerman Tripp, of Com pany " B, " was promoted to the vacancy. Before leaving the regiment, both Colonel Crittenden and Lieutenant Colonel I rather made the regiment a very affectionate farewell address. It was shortly after the battle of Shiloh and while we lie here in this swamp that the Great Statesman and Soldiers Friend, the Great War Governor, of Indiana, Oliver 1*. Morton, came to see us and to look after the welfare of the troops of his State. I shall never forget how his address to our regiment imbued new life and courage in every man. America has never produced a braver, more lion-hearted and patriotic man than Oliver P. Morton. During his address on this occasion I remember to have made up my mind that 1 was fortunate in heing an Indiana soldier, and was proud of it. I was proud of our noble and patriotic Governor, and decided to grasp his hand before he left the camp, and as soon as his address was concluded I started to him, but the rush was so great that it was some minutes before I reached him; a hearty shake of the hand, with a " God bless you !" forever sealed my friendship for this great man. We changed camp several times in order to get clear of tilth and mud, for it rained constantly for two weeks; nearly the whole of April was put in here on this battlefield floundering around in the mud and rain ; quite a number of the men took ] 2* HISTORY OF THi: sIXTU KIH ; I.M KNT. down sick and liad to be sent to the ivjir. and the wonder is that nearly every man of the regiment. and in fact of the entire* army did not get down sick, for while there was plenty of water, yet where should we get water to drink and to cook with except to take the draining of this battle field, which was covered with the decomposing bodies of both men and horses, as well as the ac cumulation of tilth of both armies. Many curious as well as interesting sights were to be seen on this battlefield. Scarcely a tree <>r bush bad escaped the 1 musket balls, bushes were cut off, while trees had been hit on every side and from the ground to the limbs, cannon halls had ploughed through tree tops and in many cases left them without a branch. Frees bad been shivered into splinters, while the ground was covered with brush and down timber. In many places could be seen where the huge shells from the gunboats bad ploughed great pits in the ground, deep enough to bury a horse, and in one place I saw where a shell had struck a tree within a few feet of a body of rebels and in exploding, it had torn into fragments tive men, some of the parts we could not find, but simply gathered the pieces and covered them up in a hole. Terrible are the results of war. President Lincoln s war order. No. o, created the De part men t of the Mississippi, and placed Ma jor-General \V. II. llalleck in command. Thi> consolidated < lein-ral Buell s Army of the Ohio and! THE START FOR CORINTH. l^l General Grant s Army of tin* Tennessee, into one army, under the immediate connnand of JIalleck. With the smaller detached forces, which also fell under his command, llalleck had an army under him of over one hundred thousand effective men r with such ahle lieutenants as Grant, Buell and Sherman as corps commanders. After sending- small detachments out in ditfcrent directions to feel the enemy s strength and threaten his communications, a general forward movement toward Corinth was ordered ahout the 27th of April. The enemy s outposts still hovered around ahout Pittsburg Landing. They had strong advance forces at Purdy, Pea Ridge and Monterey, respect ively six, eight and ten miles from the landing. General llalleck, though- greatly stronger than his adversary, studiously avoided either inviting or provoking a general engagement, adopting the policy of gradual approaches hy parallels, and step hy step, hy short advances, fortifying each new position, he slowly neared his objective. General Beau regard resisted each successive encroachment with greater stubbornness and stronger forces, but never in such strength as to precipitate a general battle, as for such an issue he was not prepared. On the 8d and 4th of May General llalleck ad vanced his whole line. These advances always in volved heavy skirmishing, and at times very sharp fighting by strong lines. The long line of the ad vancing army, in order to keep an unbroken front. 9 130 HISTORY <)I THi; .-SIXTH UKUJMKNT. was compelled to make roads. Hardly a division made a movement that did not cut a new road through the woods, with bridges for the ravin >, and long lines of corduroy for the swamps. Even brigades required short roads to the left or right of their division road to enable them to occupy their places in the line. And thus the whole coun try was covered with a net-work of roads. On this immense labor the time was occupied. Heavy details were made from all the regiments to help along with this work, and the Sixth Indi ana did her share. For the information of some who may not understand what is meant by a "corduroy road," 1 will say that logs were rut about ten feet long, and carried by the men and placed side by side. They commence on one side of a swamp and every log placed extends the road out that much further over the swamp, until finally the other side is reached. Sometimes the water and mud is quite deep, then the logs have to be piled on top of each other until they come above water. In some cases in crossing these Mississippi swamps these logs had to be carried a quarter of a mile, and were so heavy as to require six or eight men to carry them. The logs are cut on dry land, and when they carry a log out and place it they have to go all the way back over the newly-made road for another; and so the work is kept going until miles of road are built. Over this corduroy road the troops cross the swamp; also artillery wagons, supply trains, etc. CROSSING THE 8\VAMPS. 1-51 {Sometimes the horses become frightened and shy to one side, and one wheel runs oft on one side, and away goes horses, wagon and load into the swamp. If the water and mud is not too deep the men get out into the water and lift the wagon back on the road again. But if the mud and water is very deep the horses become mi rod and sink down out of sight and are left to perish. The Sixth Reg iment not only helped to build these roads, but crossed the swamp on them. I well remember of noticing the black, slimy water, and old moss-cov ered logs as we went over. As soon as General Halleck got his army all across the swamps, the lines began to [tress for ward at various points as circumstances would permit, and on the ->d of May General Paine s Di vision reconnoitered in force as far as Farmingtou, which is only five miles from Corinth. Here he encountered a force of four thousand five hundred of the enemy, with four guns. After a sharp en counter the enemy were driven back with loss, and the Union troops held the position, throwing out pickets toward Corinth. On this same day a de tachment of General McCook s Division was sent out in another direction. This advance was met by the enemy in considerable force, and sharp lighting occurred. The rebels supposed this de tachment to be isolated, and made a desperate effort to capture it. They were not only foiled in their effort, but driven back, and the Union lines extended. The Sixth Indiana was a part of this 132 m>rKY OF THK SIXTH I;I:<.IMI:N i . detachment, and took part in the engagement. Tin* lines of flalleck s army were now twelve miles in extent, with the right wing threatening the Memphis Railroad, and about one mile nearer Corinth than the left. On the 25th of May the army moved up to within three-fourths of a mile of the enemy s works and entrenched. It was the first night we lav in this entrenchment that the hoys of the Sixth irot a seare that many of them may remember to this day. After the works were completed they were manned with a strong picket force, while the bal ance of the regiment was ordered to turn in for the night, only a few feet to the rear, with our clothes all on, our cartridge boxes buckled around us and our -uns stacked at our heads, and to he ready to fall in on a moment s notice. Kverv indication seemed to point to an attack that night. It was all the talk; even after we lay down for sleep the matter was talked over, until sleep finally put a stop to any further conversation. The boys actu ally went to sleep expecting to be called upon at any moment to spring 1 to arms" to contend in deadly combat with Beau regard s whole army. And not only our own regiment did this, but hun dreds of others back to our rear for a half mile, the ground was literally covered with tired, sleep ing soldiers. All passed off quietly until about 1 o clock in the morning, when, unfortunately, a horse broke loose and become terribly frightened. The mad brute went plunging down the line just A Bid SCARK. 133 to our rear. Of course every now and then IK- would light on a bunch of sleeping men, crushing tin.* life out of some, mashing and breaking the limbs of others wherever his great heavy iron shoes would strike them. One universal seream, followed by moaning, marked the track of this monstrous brute down the line out of our bearing. The fright ened horse frightened the men, and the first scream from an injured man brought hundreds of soldiers to their feet, and all hollowing at the to}> of their voice, " fU / //," which was taken uj and repeated by others until it spread over the- entire army, and my candid opinion is that inside of ten minutes from the time the first man hollowed "fall in," not less than fifty thousand men were under arms and ready for duty. Officers could be heard giving orders in everv direction, and as the order to "fall f in" came down the line it was sent on through our regiment with almost telegraphic speed, and in two minutes from the first order to "fall in" every member of the Sixth was in the works, ready for l> //>//< g.s-x. Quite a number of soldiers were wounded, some mortally, while a few were killed. This ac cident occurred on the night of the :29th of May, and instead of an attack, the rebels were evacuat ing Corinth, and had been since the day before. Very earlv on the morning of the 30th explo sions were heard in the direction of Corinth. This was the first intimation Halleck had of the evacu ation, although he had in person been forty-three davs within sixteen miles of Corinth. He simply 134 HISTORY OF THi: HXTH RK< i I.MKNT. knew nothing of the movements of the enemy. Upon hearing the explosions the pickets in front of General Pope s Corps reported that the rebel sentinels in their front had disappeared, and they were at once ordered forward and found the en trenchments vacated. Pope s whole Corps was ordered up, and at 11 o clock occupied Corinth. Pursuit was at once ordered, but it was too late, as the rebels had passed beyond the Ilatchee Kiver and burned the bridge. The Sixth regiment passed through the city and on south, as a part of the pursuing party, but did not go very far until they were halted, and turned back and ordered into camp, where we remained until the 10th day of June. Corinth, as a town, does not amount to much; but as a railroad center or central point for military supplies, as well as a stragetical point, it was to the rebels a point of very great importance, and was so considered by the Union authorities later on in the war. It is the junction of the Mo bile & Ohio and Memphis & Charleston railroads. The ten days we lay idly around while here at Corinth, the Sixth boys had ample opportunity to see the sights and learn somewhat of the country. Among the sights to be seen were the huge wooden cannon placed in their earth-works, to hold us at .bay until they had a chance to get away. These great dummies, mounted and pointing in a threat ening manner from every port-hole of the numer ous earth-works around Corinth, was too much for Hal leck fi stock of courage, and he had been too T Y PK8 JOF COR I N TH . 135 stupid to learn the facts in the case. The princi pal part of the population consisted of negroes, alligators and mosquitoes. The negroes were the lowest-down type of the- Mississippi slave. The native whites were of the bring, fotch and tote style, leait, lanl; and tjellou\ and were, of course, of the feminine gender, as the men were in the rebel army. The boys did not forage much about Corinth, as everything tit to eat had been picked up by the rebels, and then it was a poor, God-forsaken, scrubby pine-timbered country as one could wish for, tit only for the production of cotton, sweet potatoes and nigger peas. I don t now remember that any of the Sixth boys got particularly stuck on the place. Nor did I ever hear of any of them de serting the regiment to remain there on account of being captivated by any of Corinth s tobacco-chew- my, Muff -nibbing, -flas-lendcd, sharp-nosed, Imtchet- faced, yellow-eyed, salloiv-skinned, cotton-dressed, flat - breaxted, bi()-footed, l>re-lu <idcd, Ifwy-iraisted, /iiimp- shonldered, xtoop-necked , bare-footed, straddle-toed, xl ftfp-shinnc.d^ thin-lipped, pale-faced, lantern-jawed, hollow-eyed, silly -looking, female damsels. CHAPTER VIII. GENERAL HALLECK RELIEVED. Our camp at Corinth Both armies start for Chattanooga Description of our march We spend 4th of July on banks of the Tennessee Kiver We move on to Crow Creek" Hold the Fort, for I am coming." (Jeneral Bean regard fell hack as far as Okalona, and on tin- fifteenth of June turned over his army to General I>rai>*;, which was reported to he eighty tlioiisand strong. On the llth of July General Ilalleck was relieved of the command of the 1 >e- partment of the Mississippi, to take command of ;ill the land forces of the Tinted States as Tom- mander-in-Chief. These changes ot the head offi cers of both of these- lai ii e armies caused their dis integration to some extent. And as the rebel armv showed no disposition to move, there neces sarily followed a passive condition of our own armv. After such disastrous defeats as the enemy had suffered, and such consciousness of weakness as the refusal to o- iye hattle at Corinth evinced. the leaders in the- South could not he ignorant of the vital character of their next effort. In this emer gency they adopted the wisest measures, and hv hiding them for a time under seeminir passivity, they set to work witli greatest energy and earnest ness to leather strength for their execution. BOTH ARMIES START FOR CHATTANOOGA. Io7 If Chattanooga was vitally important to the National cause, both as regarded strategy and po litical considerations, it was not less so to the in surgents; they could assume the offensive from no other point with any hope of success ; at least this place was a vital point in an offensive line. The very remoteness of Chattanooga from the recent theater of war, scarcely less than its inherent strat egic value, called thither the Confederate forces, to O spring thence to Northern Kentucky. This common aim incited the eastward march of the two armies, which were destined to severest conflict to the close of the war. General Bragg, who had succeeded General Bcauregard in western command, put his columns in motion simultane ously with the 1 movement of the Army of the Ohio. Each party thought to take advantage of the heavy concentration of the other in Northern Mississippi, so as to operate in Kast Tennessee without strong opposition. But the advantage was with General Bragg with respect to the ruling contingency to each the occupation of Chatta nooga in force as he had an open way behind the hills upon the south hank of the Tennessee, with communications established when he should get there. AVhile General BuelTs advance involved the supply of his army without communications, and a vital draft upon his strength to create them. General Buell was informed that his army would return to Tennessee. He at once turned the di vision? of McCook and Crittenden eastward, with 138 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KK<;IMENT. General McCook in tlio lead. This was on tlie 11 tli of .hint*, and in this country it moans the hottest portion of the hottest season. Our route was up the Tennessee River, on the south side, and along the summit of some pine ridges, which seemed parallel with the river. The road was only wide enough for wagons to pass, with tall pines up dose on cither side, whose tops intermingled, shutting out both sunshine and daylight. The soil was a fine white sand, or dust, and was two or three inches deep. The long winding columns ahead of us had " kicked up a dust," so that the air for many feet out on either side, and all through these tall pines was so thick it was im possible to draw one s breath without nearly chok ing on this dirt, while the mercury certainly stood at not less than 100. While the water we did find along this line of march was the very best of pure spring water, yet we sometimes went for miles, or a half day s march without finding any water at all. You load a man down witli a sixty- pound knapsack, his gun and forty rounds of am munition, a haversack full of hard tack and sow belly, and a three-pint canteen full of water, then start him along this narrow roadway, with the mercury up to a hundred, and dust so thick you could taste it, and you have done the next thing to killing this man outright. One of the most painful sights I ever saw was the poor fellows drop ping out along this march, completely overcom.- by dust and heat, pale and sick, some vomiting DESCRIPTION OK OUR MARCH. 13D from sick headache, while others were fainting from exhaustion. Tlie Sixth Regiment liad her share of misfor tunes while on this march, as many of the hovs had to fall out and simply wait until they got able to come on up. The worst eases were, of course, taken into the ambulances, hut they were soon overloaded. I think it was the second day out, when we stopped for dinner, where there was good water. After dinner we pulled out up one of those pine ridges, and it seemed to me that it was a forced march all the afternoon, and we saw no more water from where we took dinner until- !> o clock that night. The distance must have been over twenty miles. We finally tiled out of the main road into an old pasture field, and the sound of the bugle, which blew the halt, was not done ring ing in the air before the writer was stretched upon the ground, caring but little for the future. This was one time in my life that I would not have given one straw to have ever seen the light of another day, and my prayer that night was that when my eyes closed for sleep they would never open again upon the cares of this world. Hard, indeed was the lot of the poor soldier, bound hand and foot by the strong arm of the law ; to desert was death, to remain was worse. But more dead than alive, McCook s Division reached Florence on the 15th, closely followed by General Crittenden. It was while on this march the boys stopped at a well to get a drink, when 140 HISTORY OF THE .SIXTH KK .IMI.M the lady of tin* house came out and ordered Jhem away. Of course they paid no attention to tin. order, luit when slie wont in the house and got a revolver and commenced tiring into the squad, they decided to <jnit. and did it right quick, too. But an officer went up to her and took the revol ver from her, pushed her into the house and shut the door on her, and told the hoys to drink what they wanted. Once while going along one of these pine ridges where it was all pine timher, and the land too pool- to grow vegetation of any kind, we come to a cabin by the side of the road, built of pine poles, and only enough ground cleared for the cabin to set on : a long, lean, lank looking man stood in the door, while around his long legs clung two or three little chaps, tow-headed, dirty and ragged, while to the rear, and peeping under his arm to see the Yanks, stood what I supposed was the wife and mother. I stepped up to him and asked him what the chances were to get a drink? lie said those in front drank up all the water he had. I then asked him where he got his water? lie said at a spring over a quarter of a mile away, and under the hill. I had no time to go that far, although nearly perishing f<>r water. While talk ing with the old man I was taking a kind of a survey of the surroundings, and I can t tell why, but the old man seemed to divine my thoughts, and he spoke up quickly, and said : u See, here, stran ger, I hain t so darned poor as you take me for: I don t own all this land around here." OX BANKS OF TENNESSEE RIVEK. 141 It was while we lay here on the hanks of the Tennessee, between Tuscniubia and the river, that some soldier of our brigade was bitten by a rattle snake. He was taken to camp and given all the whisky be could s-/r////o/r ; the treatment was kept up for a few days, and when the army got ready to move he was ready, also, to inarch with ns. A rattlesnake has no show at all with John llurleii Corn. On the 26th of .June we crossed the river on pontons, and started east along the north hank of the Tennessee. McCook s main column reached Athens on the 29th, while (General Buell established his headquarters in Iluntsville on the same day. Our line of march lay along up the hanks of the Tennessee, and on the 4tb day of July we laid in camp on the banks of this beautiful river, near Iluntsville. The 4th of July was a most lovely day, and it seemed to me almost like a Paradise as we lay stretched out under the great wide-spread ing elms, enjoying the cool shade, and taking the rest we so badly .needed. Hundreds of beautiful Southern mocking birds were fluttering among the limbs of these great elms, warbling their charm ing songs in a manner that should delight the an gels. It seemed for the moment that these angels of mercy had gathered for the sole purpose of soothing the drooping spirits of the tired and weary soldier during his short stay among them, and if possible, to have him forget his trials and hardships, and thoughts of home and loneliness. 142 HI-TORY OK TIM-: SIXTH 1!K< i IM KM. And then again this was the </<i>/ of our National Independence, and it seemed that these beautiful songsters had gathered to celebrate it in our pres ence. Htintsville is one of the most beautiful places we saw during our soldier life. Situated as it is in the valley of the Tennessee, where climate and soil combine to render it rich and fertile. Its cit izens were high-toned, intelligent and aristocratic. }\elth ami <as< seemed to mark every homestead with an T of comfort and satisfaction that almost made one begrudge its occupant his happiness. Wonderful springs of almost ice cold water, clear as crystal, were found at nearly every farm house, while the lime, orange and tig trees, loaded with their beautiful fruits, graced their yards. Oh! how I longed to remain in this favored region. More than one of the old Sixth promised himself that if he was spared to get through the war alive and well, he would return and make his future home for life at Hnntsville. l>ut these fancied ideas of comfort and ease were of short duration for the Sixth s boys, tor we soon got orders to strike tents and get ready to march, and again we are oft , up the river to ward Stevenson. At this point we strike the Nashville & Chattanooga Hv., which General Buell ~ */ 7 was having repaired, as it must be by this road he would get the supplies for his immense army. The Sixth Regiment was stationed along the railroad up Crow Creek Valley to guard th> BUILDING OF STOCKADES. 143 bridges. Crow Creek is the natural drainage for the rough mountainous region lying in the north east corner of Alabama, and empties into the Tennessee near Stevenson. The Nashville & Chattanooga Hy., running worth from Stevenson, to avoid the mountains follows the course of this creek, crossing it many times. This necessitates the construction of many small bridges. A com pany was stationed at each bridge, where stock ades were built for their protection in ease of attack. A soldier, of course, knows what a stockade is, and how it is built. But for the benefit of others, I will say that a stockade is built of large squared timbers set in the ground like posts, only close together, and high enough above ground to prevent men from climbing over the top so as to get in from the outside. They can be built in the form of a triangle or square, but always large enough to allow the whole com pany to go inside of them. The door is only large enough for a man to walk in and provided with a suitable fastening. Port-holes are cut through these timbers, say the height of a man when standing. The port-holes are about two feet long, up and down, and flaring outward. This gives the men inside a chance to see the attacking party at a wide range, and tluough these port-holes they fire upon the enemy. When the guarding parts- is attacked by the enemy in superior numbers, they retreat inside of their stockade where they 144 HISTORY OF mi: SIXTH HFJ.IMKNT. cnn defend themselves against mauv times their It was an occasion of tins kind when some of Sherman s men had heen attacked hy a verv su perior force of the enemy, and had taken shelter inside their fort. Sherman, though many miles away, heard the firing, and signaled to the officer in command of the little hand of heroes those im mortal words which have heen perpetuated in song, and will he sung hy generations yet unhorn, " Hold the fort for I am coming!" lie did y^o, and in time for their relief. CHAPTER IX. OUR STAY AT CROW CREEK. Bragg crosses the Tennessee River for Kentucky The race for Louisville Bragg gets out of the way rather than be run over Buell arrives at Louisville, Sept. 25 We march over 300 miles in 20 days Less than 200 answt-r to roll call when we reach Louisville The boys take a fence furlough and go home Buell again goes for Bragg at Bardstown Bull s armv re organized Col. Buckley our Brigade Commander We move by way of Frankfort Bragg forced to fight at Prrryville Buell and Bragg both make the same mistake Bragg whipped and leaves Kentucky in disgust. The Sixth Regiment was stationed at Crow Creek about the 10th of July, and remained here until about the 27th of August. JJuring those two long summer mouths the boys did but little aside from picket duty, and a little foraging on their own hook. It is safe to say that very few chickens were left in that part of the country. But generally the boys bought and paid for all they got. There were quite a number of small farmers in the neighborhood, and from these we could get butter and eggs, chickens and honey, and garden vegetables of all kinds, besides fruits of various kinds, especially peaches, which were very fine. And there was scarcely a young lady in Crow Creek Valley that did not have a beau. 10 14(> HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KKMMKNT. for two months at least. In fact, I douht if there was a family in or near Crow Creek Valley that did not make the acquaintance of the Yankee sol diers during the summer of 18(12. Nothing occurred in which tlie Sixth, as a regi- Tiient, was engaged that was worthy of note. Our daily occupation was to watch and wait. \Vait the development of Brad s plans, which were after all only those of his predecessor, General Johnson, who was killed at Shiloh. Johnson s plan for the summer campaign was first, to defeat Grant s army before Buell could render him any assistance at Shiloh. Then, of course, Buell would he too weak to offer any resistance that would retard his return to Kentucky, where he intended to go, gathering strength as he went. He then intended to seige Louisville, then Cincin nati, and from here carry the war into the \orth. The northern sympathi/crs had promised the rehel leaders that if those two cities could only fall into their possession, then their friends in the North would rally to their assistance and swell the rehel army to immense proportions, so that it would simply he irresistible. They could then have things their own way and go where they pleased. This was a magnificent plan on paper hut at the close of the Shiloh fight, the plan, like John son himself, simply "hit the dust." But Bragg had heen appointed to the vacancy caused hy the death of General Johnson, and on the 15thof June had assumed command of the Armv of the West, THE RACE FOR LOl lSVTLLK. 147 which was Johnson s army. lit* at once sot him self to work to modify Johnson s plans and to carry them out. With this view he put his col umns in motion eastward to occupy Chattanooga. Johnson on the retreat from Nashville sent all surplus army stores to Chattanooga, and Bragg now regarded that point as the proper place to " refit" his command, and from which to assume the offensive and open the campaign, in which he expected to immortalize his name and reap such a rich harvest of glory and renown. Bragg had so well concealed his intentions as to his advance that General Buell was compelled to hold himself in readiness to meet any emergency, and it was not until the 2(\ of August that Buell .learned that Bragg s whole army was north of the Tennessee River, and on the -)0th of August Buell gave orders concentrating his army at Murfrees- horo. Buell was satisfied that Bragg s intentions were to strike for Kentucky, hut was in douht as to what route he would take on up to the *11\\\ of August, when General Thomas captured a dispatch which revealed Bragg s whole plans, hut the infor mation came so late that Bragg had ^ot decidedly the start of us. But BuoH s whole army was at once put in motion, on quick time, and now comes the race for Louisville. BucM s orders to concen trate the army at Murfreeshoro of course hursted up our camps on Crow ("reek, and the Sixth Regi ment joined in the chase to Louisville. Our line of march was aloni> the Nashville A: Chattanooga 148 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. Railroad, until we reached Mashville, and then we followed the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. Thi> march was made in September, and it was hot and dry and very dusty, and was a forced march from the beginning. The army reached Nashville on the 6th of September, at which time and place it mustered only 24,000 effective men. This, how ever, did not include his entire army. Bragg swung his army into Munfordsville, which was exactly in our line of march, and captured the entire com mand, consisting of Col. Wilder. Col. Dunham and 4,000 men, with 4,000 stand of small arms, a large amount of army stores, etc. This was on the 17th, and General Buell did not get up until the 21st. But on Bu ell s approach Bragg swung off east and continued his march to Louisville. But Buell pushed on and succeeded in forcing his army be tween Louisville and the rebel army, compelling them to fall back, while BuelTs army rounded up at Louisville on the 25th day of September. The Sixth Regiment moved with the bulk of the army, and along its main line of march, and when the army went into camp at Louisville, on the 2;~>th. the old Srixt.li was at her place, in line and ready for duty, although <juite a number of the boys fell by the wayside. I have no means of getting at the facts in the case, but my opinion is that not over 200 of the old Sixth answered to roll-call when they went into camp that evening. To those who may be curious to know why there were not more of the regiment up and ready for OVERCOME BY HEAT, DUST AND THIRST. 149 roll-call when it arrived at Louisville, I would ask them to please remember that men, like horses that have been running idle in pasture all summer, are not tit to put in the harness for hard work every day; they should be worked moderately until they become seasoned or used to it. But we were put on a forced march from the day we broke camp, and rushed through a distance of over three hun dred miles in about twenty days. Kemember that it was very hot, dry and dusty, and that every man carried a load of fifty or sixty pounds. What kind of a man must he be to be able to endure such hardships for so long a time, and still be able to answer to his name for duty on the last day in the evening? What kind of a man must he be, who would express surprise under such circumstances, that there was not more men able to report for duty? The wonder is that even more dkl not fall by the wayside. Such physical endurance and fortitude deserves the highest praise, and yet no more so than the poor fellow who stood up under his duty until overcome by heat and dust and thirst and fatigue, and is finally crushed to the earth and crawls to one side out of the way of the rushing army, and is left to his fate, to survive or perish, according to the measure of his physical endurance. When we started on this march I supposed myself- as well able to make the trip as the average man of our company, but after measuring oft about two hundred miles of dust and heat, I broke down, and was left at Bowling Green a sick man. But my 150 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKOIMKNT. experience is that the service does not suffer much on account of the temporary absence of men under such circumstances, as they are all put on duty of some kino! wherever they are, that is all who are able for duty, while the sick are cared for hv bciiii* placed in hospitals a few days, and all are sent on to their regiments the first opportunity after they are able for duty. Buell arrived at Louisville on the m 2M\ of September, and left there in his pursuit of Bragg on the first day of October, making his stay at Louisville only five or six days, and in this short period nearly all the absentees reported for duty. While the regiment laid at Louisville a few ot O the boys took the liberty to call on friends and family, but it was on French furlough, and a very short one at that. For my part I was fortunate. When I was able to come on up I did so, and when 1 arrived at Louisville 1 received an order detailing me as a recruiting officer. This allowed me to go home and saved me the trouble of taking a " French furlough." The main force of the rebel army in Kentucky at this time, which was about forty thousand, was under Bragg, and camped in the neighborhood of Bard 8 town, forty miles south of Louisville. Ivirby Smith, with fifteen thousand, was between Frank fort and Lexington. Humphrey Marshall, with four thousand, was at (ileorgetown. In Central Kentucky two bodies of guerrillas, under Morgan and Scott, were collecting food and munitions. liUELL IN I URSUIT OF THE REHKLS. 151 new recruits collected for the rebel army while in Kentucky, were well armed with the guns cap tured from our troops at Richmond and Munfords- ville, but neither drilled nor disciplined. But, all told, the aggregate effective strength of the enemy was hardly sixty thousand. This, however, when united, would form a formidable force. On the first day of October Buell commenced his pursuit of the rebels. The army moved by four different roads. Hut before we proceed further it may be well enough to give the status of Buell s army at this time. General Buell himself was eominaiider-in-chief , while General Thomas was second in command. The army was divided into three corps the First Corps, constituting the right wing, was commanded by Major-General McCook. The Second Corps, forming the left wing, was commanded by Major-General Thomas L. Crittenden. The Third Corps, forming the center, was commanded by Major-Genera] C. C. Gilbert. It is not necessary in a work like this to give the integral parts of the different corps, but in order to locate the position of the Sixth Regi ment, which is a part of McCook s Corps, I will say that it formed a part of the Second Division, commanded by Brigadier- General Sill, forming the Fourth Brigade of his Division, while the brigade was commanded by Colonel Buckley, of the Fifth Kentucky. The Fourth Brigade was composed of the Sixth Indiana, Fifth Kentucky, First Ohio, 152 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. Ninety-third Ohio, Sixteenth and Nineteenth U. 8. Infantry. So the Sixth Regiment finds herself a part at the Fourth Brigade: Second Division of the First Army Corps, commanded by Major-General Mo- Cook, and forming the right wing in the battle of Perryville, Ivy. The record bears out the state ment that General Bnell entered upon this cam paign with an infantry and cavalry force at least one-third stronger than that of the enemy, and with double his strength in artillery. When we moved from Louisville, our division, under command of General Sill, took tlic direct road from Louisville to Frankfort, // // Shelbyville. The duty assigned to MeCook s Corps was to pre vent junction of Kirhy Smith and Humphrey Marshall s forces with Bragg s main army, and while the division under General Sill had the long est route, it moved the quickest, and reached Frankfort on the 4th, on which day the balance of McCook s Corps was at Taylorsville. On the evening of the same day the Confederate generals were all at Frankfort attending the inauguration of the Governor. On the evening of the same day Kirhy Smith commenced to evacuate Frank fort, moving rift of Versailles on Harrodsburg. It was supposed that Bragg would give battle at Bardstown, but instead he evacuated that place on the 4th, moving through Springfield to Perryville, and effected a junction of all his forces on the 6th, and while Harrodsburg was the point upon which BRAGG FORCED TO FIGHT AT PERRY VILLE. 153 McCook was to rally all his army, it was now in possession of the enemy in force. Thus it will he seen that we had not only failed to force Brag^ into a light at Bardstown, but had as signally failed to prevent the consolidation of his forces. The other two corps of Buell s army, under Gil bert and Crittenden, under the supposition that Bragg- would give us a battle at Bardstown, were heading in that direction when Bragg evacuated the place. But when this was discovered they pushed on toward Perryville, after the retreating rebels, concentrating on IFarrodsburg. Bragg, under the impression that only one corps of the Union army was moving toward Perryville, or dered Polk to send sufficient force back to Perry ville to crush and put it to rout, and then to hurry hack to the assistance of Kirby Smith, whom he supposed was confronting the main part of the Union army then at Frankfort. This brought about the strange state of affairs of one rebel corps being sent to Perryville to confront two corps of the Union army, while two other corps ot the rebel army were held near Harrodsburg to confront one corps of the Union army. Bragg, in sending troops to Perryville, led Buell to believe that he intended to concentrate his army at that point to give battle. Consequently Buell ordered McCook to change his line of inarch to the right toward Perryville. This was done on the 7th, and forced Bragg to re-enforce the troops sent to Perryville. And thus a fight was forced on Bragg, 154 HISTORY OF THE SIX Til RECilMKXT. although lie did everything in his power to pre vent a uvneral engagement. Of course, where he could jump on a small detached portion of the Union army, and force a surrender without a tight, like lie did at Muufordsville, and as lie thought lie could do here at IVrryville, he was not slow to improve the chance. But the tight at JVrryville was a surprise to him, and had our troops been properly handled the whole rebel army could have been crushed or completely scat tered and destroyed. As soon as Bra** discovered that he was eon- con ten ding against Budl s whole army, he refused to tight and struck a quick retreat : and right here again General Buell made the great mistake of his life. Had he pressed his advantages, even after the- battle of IVrryville was over, he again had the power to have entirely destroyed Bragg s army. It is claimed that it required a train forty miles long to carry the supplies Bragg captured while on this Kentucky raid. All this might have been saved to the Government, besides thousands of head of mules, cattle and hogs. But let us return to the old Sixth, nnd see what she is doing. Fortunately our regiment escaped a close engagement at IVrryville. The reader will remember that General SilTs Division on the 4th of October went into Frankfort on one side when Kirbv Smith was going out on the other. Smith, while lie intended to tfo to I larrodsbur. went by GENERAL SILL ORDERED TO MOVE AT ONCE. 155 \vsiy Versailles in order to make sure of the im mense amount of supplies he had captured. At Versailles he ordered his supply trains on east and immediately crossed his army over the Kentucky River and struck the pike running 1 from Frankfort to LawFeneeburg, near Salvisa, and from here moved south through Lawrenceburg on to Ilar- rodsburg. Our division moved on after Kirbv Smith, taking the pike toward Lawrenceburg in stead of Versailles. When we reached Lawreuceburg, General Sill received orders to move at once to IVrrvville and join the 1 balance of the corps. Consequently we left the pike at Lawrenceburg and turned west toward Perry ville. On the march, and while near a place called " Rough and Ready/ our division was attacked by a part of Kirby Smith s forces, which were repulsed in good style, and the march continued and we arrived in Terry ville on the llth. Bragg bad been urged by leading Iventuckians in his command, and others, to undertake the campaign in Kentucky, with the promise of im mense numbers of recruits and large quantities of supplies. He anticipated that his crossing would be hailed as that of a deliverer, and that the young men of the State would Hock to his banners and till ii}) his army, so that he could attack Buell at any point. Bragg s entire command in Kentucky was estimated at thirty-five to forty thousand. He anticipated enlisting twenty thousand recruits, and took arms to Kentucky for that number of 15H HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. new troops. IJuells command, with his losses and the garrison at Nashville, was less than this, hut at Louisville lie received some twenty thousand new troops. The number of infantry recruits for Bragg s army was very small, for in his report made at Bryantsville, when he was preparing to leave the State, he utters this howl of despair: "With ample means to arm twenty thousand men, and a force with that to fully redeem the State, we have not yet issued half the arms left us by casualties incident to the campaign. It is true that Bragg added a few new recruits to his army <>n his raid through Kentucky, hut it is just as true that a large number of men belong ing to Kentucky regiments deserted his army when they learned that he was leaving the State. Thev returned to their State as they thought to tight for their homes, and were ready and willing to do it. But when they saw that Bragg refused to tight only when he was cornered, and his object seemed to he only plunder and pillage, they needed no one to tell them, when they saw the whole rehel armv headed for Cumberland (ilap, that it meant, so tar as Kentucky was concerned, "Fare well to my old Kentucky home, and under these circumstances thousands of the rank and tile of his army hid him farewell and returned to their homes, never to be known again as rehel soldiers. Efuell did not leave Perryville until the 12th of October, four days after the battle. This gave BRAGG ESCAPES THROUGH CUMBERLAND GAP. 157 Bragg time to concentrate all his army at Har- rodsburg. Bragg himself went to Harrodsburg on the 9th, taking with him the troops lie had at the .Perry ville tight. The distance from Perry ville to Harrodsburg is only ten miles. Kirby Smith, who had gone to look after General Sill, arrived at Harrodsbnrg on the 10th, and on the llth the whole rebel army, with its immense supplies, moved on toward Bryantsburg and Cumberland Gap, and on the evening of the 12th Bnell got into Harrodsbnrg just in time to capture the sick and wounded of the rebel army. However, the pursuit was kept up and the rebel army pressed as closely as it was thought prudent by General Buell ; but Bragg had got the start of him, and by burning the bridges in his rear, kept Buell in his rear until he finally made his escape through Cumberland Gap, and out of the State. McCook s Corps was halted at Crab Orchard, and the pursuit, so far as our corps was concerned, was at an end. We reached Crab Orchard on the 15th, and went into camp, to our great relief and satisfaction. We lay here about ten days, during which time we got rested and trimmed up and was again ready for the fray. CIIAITKU X. GENERAL BUELL REMOVED. General Rosecrans takes command- The Army of the Cumberland Halleck s order not obeyed Roaecrans starts for Nashville We march 700 miles in 54 days The soldier s life not all .sunshine Each Company has its funny man Pretty g rls smile on us as we pass Our Regiment misses the Perry ville battle Kirby Smith attacks us at Rough-and Ready We go for him and he retreats Our pursuit stopped and we go to Bowling Green The whole army moves to Nashville We make 72 miles in three days We go into camp at Nashville, Nov. 9 Capt. Brown, Co. K, goes foraging His experience with a goat Our Captain invites the Colonel to see him drill the Company. General Bnell left us here and went to Louisville, placing the army, for the time beini> % , under the command of (Jem-nil Thomas. General Buell, he- lieviiiii 1 that Brai* 1 " intended to strike for Nashville, and if possible crush the garrison at that place he- fore it could he reinforced, on the *Jt>th of October ordered General Thomas to at once put the army in motion for Bowling (Jreen and Glasgow, prepar atory to a movement to Nashville. McCook s Corps moved by way of Stanford, Lebanon, Soniervill* and Cave City, and struck the Louisville A: Nash ville Railroad at Howling (Jreen, about the last day of October, where we received a fresh supply of rations, clothing, etc. HALLECKS ORDKK NOT OBEYED. I M It was about this time that General Buell s offi cial head fell into llalleck s waste basket, and Major-Genera] W. 8. Rosecrans was placed in com- mand. The Army of the Ohio was also changed to the Army of the Cumberland. It was very un fortunate for the country that General Halleck was ever made Secretary of War, just at this particular time at least, as he was totally unlit for the posi tion only in times of profound peace. His actions at Pittsburg Landing, or Sbiloh, proved him wholly^ unlit to command an army in the field, and in fact totally void of that military genius necessary "anM so essential in the make-up of a military hero. lie was nowhere near the equal of Grant, Sherman and Thomas, and indeed, Buell was, in my opinion, his superior in every respect. lie tirst surest ed and then peremptorily ordered Buell to press on aftjfrV I Bragg and follow him up through Cumberland* Gap, and to move on up into East Tennessee, mak ing his headquarters and base for supplies at Ivnox- ville, leaving Xashville and the small garrison in charge of it, wholly at the mercy of Bragg. With Buell up in East Tennessee, two hundred and forty miles away, Bragg had only to move onto Xash ville and it and all it contained would have been his. This would have given him entire control of the Louisville & Xashville Railroad, and would have virtually placed him in possession of all ol Tennessee worth contending for, while Louisville, and in fact the Avhole of Kentucky, would have been an easy prey. For refusing to obey this 160 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. order General Buell lost his head, and General Rosecrans was placed in command of the Army of the Cumberland. This change occurred October 30, in compliance with General Order No. 168, War Department, dated October 24, 1862. This order gave General Rosecrans the command of the " De partment of the Cumberland," which embraced that portion of Tennessee lying east of the Tennes see River, with a prospective enlargement from such portions of Alabama and Georgia as his army might gain. By the same order the troops of the department were designated as the " Fourteenth Army Corps." In a day or two after Rosecrans assumed com mand, the concentration order by his predecessor was effected. Our corps was now at Bowling Green, also General Gilbert s, while Crittenden s was at Glasgow. Ilalleck still had East Tennessee on the brain, and as soon as Rosecrans took com mand, ordered him to prepare his army at once for the campaign, and proceed immediately into East Tennessee. It is sufficient to say that the order was treated as the nlea of a crank by Rose crans, just as it had been by General Buell, and not executed by either one of them, but instead, prepa rations were at once made to carry out the plans of General Buell, by moving the army to Nash ville. The veteran portion of the army needed rest and re-equipment, and the new regiments needed discipline, but the activity of the enemy ROsKc HANS STARTS FOR NASHVILLE. Kll ave no time for the recuperation of the one por tion, or the training of the other. The purposes of General Bragg were not at onee revealed, hut the conjectured advance of his army toward Nash ville was almost immediately indicated with cer tainty hy the appearance of his forces at Murfrees- horo. As, therefore, Nashville was in danger from the advance of the army withdrawn from Ken tucky, conjoined with Breckenridge s force, there was reason to fear that General Negley would he compelled to surrender unless speedily reinforced. To prevent this, General Rosecrans ordered an ad vance to that city on the 4th of November. Gen eral McCook then moved from Bowling Green through Franklin, Mitchellsville and Tyree Springs, and reached Nashville on the morning of the 9th, making a march of seventy-two miles in ahoiit three days. But, my dear old comrades of the Sixth, 1 fear yon will conclude that I have lost sight of our dear old regiment, and now let us halt here at Nash ville for a moment and see where we have heen, and what we have heen doing since we left this same place just fifty-four days ago. During this short period we have 1 marched nearly seven hun dred miles, and that, too, in the hottest and driest season of the year. We have heen compelled to go for days and days without changing our cloth ing, and many times not even afforded an oppor tunity of removing the hot, dirty and sweaty clothing when we stretched ourselves upon the 11 H> J IM-TOIIY or THE SIXTH I:I;<,LMKNT. steaming hot ground, for sleep and rest, at night. We have traveled for miles, and miles, with the scorching hot sun beaming down upon us. with the dust so thick we could scarcely breathe, and been compelled to drink the lukewarm water from our canteens, when our throats were already scorched with heat and thirst. We have feasted many times on the dirty, dust-covered crackers and salt bacon, carried in our haversacks perhaps for forty-eight hours. During this fifty-four davs our beds have been spread in the open air, while on very many occasions this same bed consisted of the blessed bare ground, with the blue sky for a covering. This was not only a very cheap bed, but a very convenient one, for no matter where we stopped, we always had plenty of the same ma terial to make a new bed, and it saved us the trouble of carrying our beds with us, and then, you know, boys, it s not good for one s health to change beds very often. You remember all those boys who took a fence furlough at Louisville came near dying with bad colds when they returned to the regiment, simply because they were foolish enough to sleep on a feather bed the night tin v were gone. While the soldier s life is not all sunshine, it is far from being all clouds and storms. Nearly every company had its funny man, who was con tinually getting off some joke, or making some odd expression, to make the boys laugh. This does a great deal toward driving awav the him-. I KKTTY (JIKLS SMIU; ON I S AS \VK PASS. 163 or helping to while away the time 1 , and then the bovs will get a " rig" on some fellow in the com pany, and tliey seem to take 1 especial delight in whacking- him over it until something else is sprung on some other fellow, and so it goes from day to day, and so the time is whiled away. Our march from Louisville to Frankfort took us through a lovely country. It was worth a half a day s journey to see the bright, beautiful faces by the wayside, as they watched the Yankees go by. The smiles of the hoys were 1 not always made in vain. Neither were the kisses thrown at some pleasant face always lost, as they were nearly always caught and returned with a grace and smile that made the sender feel good all over. The beautiful scenery along the splendid pike from Frankfort to Lawrenceburg is hard to beat in anv country. The boys of the regiment were feeling pretty good on this march, as we had had some rest, and had generally changed clothing. We had also been having square meals for several days. "We got along nicely over this part of our route until we heard the guns over at Perryvillc. This made me feel a little bad, hut still all went well until Ivirby Smith made a dash at us over there at Rough and Ready, ami then for awhile I thought my time had come, but it seemed he only meant this for a scare, but our boys were not made that way, and he soon found it out. Well, I will not travel over this ground any more. The old Sixth fared pretty well generally 1(54 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RIXJIMENT. all through this campaign. We had plenty to eat and not very much rapid marching to do. The hardest marching we did was from Bowling Given to Nashville, from the 4th to the !>th of November. Our regiment, while fortunate in meeting with no losses in action, is nevertheless several men short in numbers for duty from what we were when we left here fifty-four days ago. Take the army all through, however, and it may he stronger now than it was then, as we received 2^,000 new iv- rruits while at Louisville. The advance of McCook and Crittenden relieved Nashville from siege, to the great disappointment of the enemy, who had several times in the last month arrogantly demanded its surrender. Gen erals Nelson and Negley, who were the officers in command up until we arrived there, thought dif ferent, and decided not to do so unless they had to do it. l>ut when our corps and Crittenden fl moved over and camped just south of Nashville, there were no more demands for surrender. We remained here in camp from November 9th until about the *2bth day of December. During this time the boys of the Sixth, as well as the whole army, fared well, and got a good rest. But our new General seemed to think that it would not hurt us to know how to drill, for company, regimental and brigade drill was the order of the day, while we underwent inspection every Sunday. The boys of the Sixth did get time, now and then between drill hours and picket duty, to slip out to some (SCAT MI-; AT AS A LUXURY. 165 old fanner s barnyard and capture a goat. I promised the hoys that I would sav nothing about these goats, hut it won t make it any worse to r the goat nor the boys either. I can not tell why, hut there were an unusual number of goats in the neighborhood of Xash- yille, and even after the ravages of both armies for several months previous, there still existed a considerable 1 number. And they make pretty good meat, too, and indeed as a change from "sow belly" it is a luxury. The hoys kept talking to i/ , o me about fresh goat meat until they got my curiosity excited, and I asked them to give rnc a mess, as I would like to try it for myself. They said certainly, I could have all I wanted, but as the Captain and I messed together, how would I manage him. I told them that would be all right, I could manage him. So I saw Old John, the cook, and told him the boys would send me a mess of goat meat for dinner, and for him to cook it right nice and serve it for dinner, and not to say a word about it. When we went out to dinner the Captain was wonderfully tickled over the fresh meat, and of course the first question was, " where did you get it?" and u what is it? A soldier don t consider it any sin to lie to each other when in camp, so I told him I had been down to market and bought it, and that they told me it was mut ton, lie ate it with a relish and said something about sending me to market every day. Soon after dinner I met one of the bovs who asked me ]<>( ) HISTORY . >F THK SIXTH i:K< i IMKNT. how the Captain and myself liked the mess of goat. I told him. splendid : and also told him how I managed the Captain hy lying to him, at the same time told him the Captain would find out all ahont it, and that I had just as well tell him the whole story. The real facts were that officers were under the most rigid orders as to pillaging, and they were held responsible tor anv memhers of their companies found outside of camp, and while they tried to he particular with the hoys, they not only allowed them to forage some now and then, hut hroke over the lines themselves oc casionally. Well, this hoy told me that at a certain planta tion out ahout a mile 1 and a half, there was a Hock of goats penned up under a harn in a cellar, and that very few of the hoys knew of them : he pro posed that I go down with him and huy a goat, and he would dress it, and we would go snucks. I told him it was a go, hut proposed that we take the Captain along. >k All right," he says,* see him and let s go this evening." I did so, and the Cap tain was (piick to take up with the idea, and the next ten minutes found us on the road for the plantation, which fortunately was inside of the picket lines. We soon made the trip and went at once to the house and told our business. The old ladv at first denied having any goats, when our guide spoke up and asked whose goats those were under the harn. This made the old lady wilt, and she admitted that thev were hers, and told the CAPT. BROWN, OF CO. K, GOES FORAGING. 1 H7 Captain he could have one for two dollars: the Captain proposed that I pay half of it, which I agreed to do; when the goat was paid for, she told us how to get to them and away we went. Our man soon got the door open and while he went in to explore we stood guard; after a short race and some racket here he came with a nice, fat spring kid ; he came out and the door closed ; but the next thing, it must be killed and dressed right here in the barn lot, so in looking around for a suitable place, I spied an old sled just around the barn : on this the poor kid was placed and his throat cut : while the boy was doing the dressing the Captain and I were looking on. The kid was only about half dressed when I happened to look up and saw that the goats were all out, and that not over fifteen feet from the Captain and coming right up in his rear was a huge billy goat with head down and tail erect. I yelled at the top of my voice. look out!" The Captain, supposing the rebels were right on us, grabbed for his revolver, but be fore he near got it out of his pocket, the old billy jumped up and handed him one just below the small of the back, which knocked him plump over the sled, boy, goat and all ; about this time I was on top of the barn-yard fence and looked back just in time to see the boy catch the full weight of the old billy in the side, which knocked him some less than a rod, but he got up running and he too was soon on the fence. The Captain was pretty badly hurt, aside from having his shins ski 1M HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KK<;|.MKNT. and one wrist badly sprained, and sonic lm\v he had got his feet tangled in the sled and cnn.se- ((iicntly was slow ahout getting up. but he suc ceeded in extricating himself and got on his feet just in time to see the okl billy backing out for another charge; the Captain and billy both made the start about the same time. The Captain for the fence and billy for the Captain. It was a tight race and the Captain would have come out all right but he was pretty badly hurt, otherwise he would have cleared the fence at a bound, but he caught the top rail with both hands and set one foot up a few rails, intending to spring, but this was too good a chance tor old billy to lose, and he took the Captain another bump on the same spot lie hit him before, and the poor fellow landed on the other side of the fence, striking on his head and shoulders and pulling two or three rails over on top of him. The poor man was badly hurt and we went to his relief (of course jumping down on the outside of the fence). An old darky heard the racket and came down to see what was the matter, and it was well for that old billy goat that the nigger got him under the barn and the door closed, before the Captain was able to stand on his feet. I prepared a seat for the Captain to rest while the boy finished dressing the kid. Kverything ready the dressed kid was slipped into a sack, brought along for that purpose, and we started for camp: we went out in about thirty minutes, but I think it took us fullv two hours to COLONEL INVITED TO SEE COMPANY DRILL. Hi!) go back. It was quite a while before the Captain reported for duty, and it was over a year before any fellow dare in his presence say goat. General Rosecrans, in order to make liis army as efficient as possible, required company drill every day. Our Captain never could drill very well, l>nt this did not excuse him. lie was Cap tain, and had command of the company, and lie must drill it. So, one day, he took us out and be gan to drill ns in a large meadow. The Colonel got on his horse and rode out near by and watched us until he was satisfied, and the bugle blew the recall. In going out we passed through an open ing in a stone fence ju*t wide enough for a team to drive through. Our Captain thought lie would show the Colonel what an expert he was in drill ing. So he started his company across the meadow toward the gap in the stone wall, in line of battle. All went well until he got to the gap, and he could not think of the proper command to get them through the gap, and they kept on going until they were about to run into the fence, when the Captain yelled out lialt; and waiting awhile, he gave the command, " break ranks and form on the other side." (MIAPTEK XL THE ARMY REORGANI/ED. A general forward movement Our Corps moves, Dec. 27, by way of Triune We push the enemy toward Murfreesboro The enemy contests every inch of ground A running tight for 20 miles Kosecrans builds fires to deceive the enemy But they don t deceive Our right completely crushed Sixth Indiana on reserve Stragglers our first knowledge of disaster We, too, fall back with the retreating army We are nearly cap tured We rally and repulse the enemy We sleep on our arms in possession of the field We win a victory the last day of the year--A hard fight New Year s day Bragg out-gener- aled Bragg comes again the 2d of January Fifty-eight pieces of artillery sweep him from the field Col. Millet deals the death blow Bragg mortified and discouraged January 3 finds us masters of the field Midnight of the 3d, Bragg s army in full retreat We bury the dead, Sunday, January 4 Results of the battle, etc The Sixth Indiana and her \omtt We move into Murfreesboro Go into camp. Before \ve advance further I will give tlie changes made by General Rosecrans in his reor ganization of the Army of the Cumberland, before he went into the tight at Murfreesboro, or so much of it, at least, as is necessary to properly locate onr regiment and brigade, etc-., in the tight. Major-General A. Mel). AlcCook was still onr corps commander, and was designated as the right wing of the army in this coming battle. Briga dier-General K. W. Johnson commanded the Sec ond Division of McCook s Corps. This division HAGERMAN TR1PP. THE ARMY KKOR(JANI/KD. 171 was composed of three brigades, of which we were tlie Third, commanded by Colonel P. P. Baldwin, of our regiment. Then the Sixth Indiana Regi ment was a part of the Third Brigade, Second Division of McCook s Corps, which formed the right \vin m of the army. I will simply add, in or der to give the reader a general idea of the whole army under Rosecrans, at this time, that the left wing of the army was commanded hy General Crittenden, while the center w r as under (general Thomas, who had superseded General Gilbert. McCook s Corps consisted of three divisions the First Division, commanded by General .Jetfer- Kon (\ Davis; the second, commanded by General R. AV. .Johnson, Avhile the third was commanded by General P. II. Sheridan. The Third Brigade, commanded by Colonel P. P. Baldwin, consisted of Sixth Indiana Regiment, commanded by Lieu tenant-Colonel II. Trip}). First Ohio Regiment, commanded by Major .1. A. Stafford. Ninety-third Ohio Regiment, commanded by rolonel Charles Anderson. Fifth Kentucky Regiment, commanded by Lieu tenant-Colonel AVm. \V. Berry. Fifth Indiana Battery, commanded by Captain P. Simonson. On the morning of December 26th, Rose crane ordered a forward movement of the whole army. 172 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RI-XtlMKNT. McGook was t( move his command on the Xolins- ville pike to Triune. Davis took tin- advance of the right wing with the First Division. He moved from camp at > o clock, on the Edmonson pike. The Third Di vision, under Sheridan, moved on the Nolinsville pike, followed by Second Division, under Johnson. The advance under both of these columns en countered the cavalry pickets of the enemy within two miles of the Federal picket line. As we ad vanced there was constant skirmishing until the heads of each of these columns reached Xolinsville. About one mile south of the town the enemy made a determined stand in a defile and upon the hills through which the pike ran at this place, known as Knob s (iap. They had it well guarded by their artillery, and opened tire at long range on General Davis, who brought up two of his batteries and opened up on them in a manner that soon threw them into confusion, while 1 Colonel Carlin s brigade of his division charged their position, capturing two guns and several prisoners. Our brigade did not get into this engagement, but followed with Sheridan s troops in supporting distance all day. Davis alone had proved an overmatch for the enemy without our assistance, and had driven him from his position all along the line, but by this time Johnson and Sheridan had come up, and night coming on we bivouacked for the night. General McCook ordered a forward movement the next morning, the 27th, toward Triune, but a dense fojf, so thick as to forbid the distinction of THE SIXTH ON THE SKIRMISH LINE. 178 friend from foe, prevented an early advance, and it was deemed hazardous to press an engagement on unknown ground. This time General Johnson had been put forward in the lead, and in our attempt to advance earlv in the morning we struck the enemy in force. The forenoon was used up by heavy skirmishing and playing on the enemy with the artillery. In the meanwhile McCook learned that Ilardee was in position in our immediate front, and had been in line of battle since the night before. The fog lifted about noon and Johnson s division was pushed for ward, followed by that of Sheridan. As we ap proached Triune we found the enemy had burned the bridge across Wilson s Creek and retired, leav ing 1 a battery of six pieces, with cavalry supports, to hold the crossing. The Sixth Indiana, along with the balance of our brigade, was placed on the skirmish line. We ad vanced upon the enemy, who made a very feeble resistance, then withdrew their battery, followed by the cavalry, moving off rapidly toward Kagles- ville. We repaired the bridge, crossed and went into camp beyond Wilson s Creek. The resistance made to McCook s Corps had delayed the whole line, and then the boys will remember the incessant rain on the 26th and 27th, rendering the pikes very muddy, while the cross-roads were almost impassa ble. The condition of the roads and unwieldy con dition of the army made it a matter of necessity to move slowlv. 174 !!I>IOKV OF TIIK SIXTH RK<;i.M KNT. The -8th being S&bbath there was no general advance. General McCook sent forward General Willich s brigade on a reconnoissance to ascertain tlit direction of Ilardee s retreat, General Willicli advanced seven miles on the Shelhyville road and learned that he had retired to Murfreesboro. Our corps lav here all day. hut the next day. the 2Mth, McCook. leaving our brigade at Triune to cover the extreme right, moved forward with the remainder of his command, on a country road known as the * Bole .lack" road, toward Mur- freeshoro. That night McCook went into camp, arranging his corps in line of hattle across the Wilkinson pike. The next day, the tfotli, our brigade was ordered up trom Triune, and we took our place in line along with our division. Very early on the 1 morning of this day General McCook was onlered to move forward <>u the Wilkinson pike. Sheridan took the front, with l>avis next, while Johnson brought up the rear. I suppose Johnson was put in the reserve on account of our brigade not being up yet when they moved. As Sheridan advanced, the enemy s resistance was more and more obstinately opposed, and when he got within two and a quarter miles of Murfiv* -- boro it became necessary to deploy General l>a\i> on the line of battle. Our division was still in the reserve. All idea that Bragg did not intend to give us battle right here 1 , and without giving ha<-k another inch, had vanished, and I believe that every soldier in the army had made up his mind POSITION OF THE REBEL AIJMY. 175 on this point. He had also made up his mind that the task we had undertaken was not only a hi"- one, hut a hard and dangerous one, and while a fellow is haek in the rear, just far enough to he in the way of the stray halls, he lias plentv of time to think of all these tilings. For my part, I had rather he right up on the front line, so that if I had to he killed it eould he said of me that 1 died at the front, and not that I was killed hv a stray hall away hack in the rear, and, anyhow, I think that one place is just ahout as safe as the other. After Davis took his place on the front line the hnsiness amounted to more than a skir mish, as hoth armies got down to business. There would have heen nothing very serious occur had not Carlin charged a hattery which he failed to capture, incurring considerable loss. On this ac count Davis division lost near two hundred men, while Sheridan lost seventy-five. Shortly hefore sunset the rehel position was plainly discernible from Davis front, and was formed running diagonally across the old Mur- freeshoro and Franklin road: In the afternoon MeCook learned from a citizen the 1 exact location of Bragg" s army, which overlapped his right so far that he became greatly alarmed for its safety, and he immediately sent word to General Rose- craus. He then went to work at once to reform his lines. He also took the other two brigades of our division, which were commanded by Willich and Kirk, and placed them on the extreme right. 176 m>ToKy OF TIIK SIXTH R then held by Dav u. directing them to form nearlv perpendicular to the main line, so as to protect tli right Hank. Our brigade is still on the reserve. Mi-Cook considered tliis line a strong one, with open ground ill the front fora short distance. At six o clock in the evening McCook received an order from Uosecrans to have large and extended camp-tires made on the right, extending far be yond the right of the line, to deceive the enemy, and make him helieve that troops were being massed there. Fires were hnilt extending nearly a mile beyond the right of McCook e line. In tliis position the right wing rested in the cedars the night before the hattle. The troops cutting cedar bonghs for beds, and officers and men wrapping themselves in their blankets slept in frosty night- air with the silent stars looking down upon them. " Just before the battle, mother, F am thinking, dear, of thee." It may be presumptuous on my part to criticise the actions and plans of such a (general as Uose- crans, but if the building of these fires on McCook s extreme right was not a mistake, then my judg ment is at fault. McCook had already notified Rosecrans that his right was in danger, that his right rested nearly opposite Bragg s renter, and took the responsibility of taking two brigades of his reserve and extending his right still farther. Kosecrans idea of forcing Bragg to believe that he was massing forces on his right, certainly would not induce Bra^ir to weaken his line in McCook a SIXTH INDIANA IN RESEKVK. 177 front, hut rather to strengthen it. That portion of Bragg* s army already in Mi-Cook s front, was entirely too lieavy for it, without inducing liim to make it still more so. McCook himself did not approve of an effort on Rosecrans part to induce Bragg to strengthen or extend his own left, as from reliahle information the Cnion armv was in no condition to meet any such emergency. It would he only reasonable from the information Rosecrans already .had, for him to either strengthen or try to conceal the weakness of his right. We are i* tT 1 apt to guard against impending danger. If Rose crans had not huilt those tires so far out on his right, Bragg might have thought that it would he necessary for him to leave more of his troops over with Breckenridge, and then it was positively known to .Rosecrans that Breckenridge s division was all tlic 1 rebel force left on the east side of the river. This force under Breckenridge constituted only about two-fifths of the whole rehel army : then pray, where was the other three-fifths hut to be massed on the west side of the river, and con sequently on the immediate front of McCook? And here is the great emergency which McCook .saw, and tried to avert by taking two brigades of our division and placing them to protect and guard his extreme right. Hut when the lieavy massed rebel columns came against them next morning, our thin, slender line, without any re serve at all vou might say (for our brigade was 12 178 HISTORY or Tin: SIXTH RI.<;I.MI;VI . fully a mile in the real ami near Johnson s head- quarters), was crushed and compelled to give way, while our right was continually overlapped faster than our line could he extended. The first intima tion that we of the Sixth Regiment had of the dis aster, was hy seeing the flying, demoralized men coming to the rear. (-Jon. Henry M. Cist, author of a history of the Army of the Cumberland, has this to say of Bald win s brigade : u Baldwin in reserve near headquarters was too far from the front to aid in supporting either of the other brigades of Johnson s division. Strag glers fponi .Kirk s and AVillioh s hrigados gave the first information to Baldwin of the disasters on the right. Hastily forming his troops, he had barely time to post them in line of hattle hefore the enemy, in immense masses, appeared <>n his front in short range, their left extending far be yond the extreme right of his line. Opening at once a destructive fire upon their dense masses with his infantry and artillery, Baldwin succeeded in checking their advance in his front, hut their left continued to swing around on his right. Hero four pieces of Simonson s battery, posted near the woods in the real 1 of the first position, opened with terrible effect. The enemy came on in such over whelming numbers that after half an hour s stuh- l)oi i n resistance, Baldwin was compelled to retire, not, however, until the enemy had flanked his right, and were pouring in an enfilading tire. AH NEARLY CAPTURED. 17i it was, he barely made his escape, since, in a mo ment longer, his entire command would have heen surrounded and captured. At the edge of the woods Baldwin endeavored to make another stand, hut before he could form his line he was again forced back. Retiring slowly, with several halts in the cedars, Baldwin, with his brigade, reached the railroad, where the rest of the division was being re-formed. " The right flank being driven from its position by the left of the enemy, Davis division then felt the full force of the victorious sweep of the rebel troops, flushed with success and aided by the forces immediately in his front. Davis, as soon as the disaster on his right had fully developed, at once changed front and formed a new line, with his right brigade upon Post, nearly at right angles to its former position, and made all necessary dis position of his troops to receive the attack. Bald win s brigade had hastily taken position and had already felt the force ot the enemy s concentrated attack. Still the advancing lines of the enemy greatly overlapped the extreme right of Baldwin. Hardly had the troops been placed in this position before the enemy swept down in heavy masses upon both the flank and front, charging with the rebel veil. The two divisions of McTown s and CleburneV troops, which had driven Johnson, hurled themselves upon Baldwin s and Post s brigades, while the fresh troops of Withers" di vision, composed of \Vanigault s and Loomis 180 HISTOKY OF THK SIXTH RE<;FMi:\r brigades, rushed upon those of Davis, under Car- lin and Woodruff, and upon that on the right of Slieridan s line, under Sill. The change of position of Post s brigade gave to the two remaining brigades of Davis division and Sills brigade of Sheridan s command the length of division front, and on this the enemy made a united attack. After Baldwin had been compelled to retire. Post repulsed the attaek on his brigade, and Cariin. Woodruff and Sill in the front drove back the assaulting column of the reb els with heavy loss." The tight in this battle, so far as Mi-Cook s corps is concerned, was now virtually at an end, as he was ordered to the rear, where he re-formed his line on the opposite side of the Nashville pike, win-re it lay in position, while Van ( leve s divis ion, which up to this time 1 had not been engaged, was brought over from the left wing and placed on the front, just in time to receive the last charge made by the rebels <>u that day. This charge was handsomely repulsed, and the tighting for the day was over, and on the field where death had reaped such a heavy harvest on the last day of 18>2 the troops slept on their arms, waiting for what tin- next day might bring forth. The night was clear and cold. The armies maintained their relative positions, with some picket firing occurring daring the night. Thus ended the tirst day of one of the hardest-fought battles of the war. Very little sleeping did the boys do this night, Wi; SLKKP ON Ol K AKM8. LSI as tin. 1 whole night was taken uj in making the necessary changes to get into position and to re form tin 1 lines to accord with the new order of tilings. During the night we refilled our cartridge boxes, took parched corn for supper, and slept on our arms with our clothes on and one eye open, ready to he called into line for action on a mo ment s notice. The extent of the disaster on the right was ap palling- and seemed at one time about to envelop the entire army. As the storm of battle passed down the line it reached Thomas, who, cool, calm and self-sustained, stood the test of one of the fiercest contests of the war. It was to him that Kosecrans first turned in the hour of disaster, and in him lie trusted most. The commander of the army, too, was sorely tried. lie had come to win victory, but in place of it defeat seemed almost inevitable. Reforming his lines and bravely fight ing, he had hurled back Bragg s army before it had achieved any decisive success. Rosecrans knew that his losses had been extremely heavy, but those of the enemy had been still more severe. He felt that on a question of endurance 1 his army would come out first, although the dash and onset of the rebels had at the opening been able to sweep all before them. In the face of an earnest eftort on the part of some of his general officers to per suade him to fall back to Nashville and there throw up works and wait for reinforcements, Kose crans determined to await the attack of the enemy HISTORY OF Till: SIXTH RK<,IMENT. in tlu i position of liis lines Wednesday afternoon. He sent for the provision teams, ordered up fresh supplies of ammunition, and decided that if Bragg should not attack het oiv these arrived that he himself would then resume offensive operations. (General Cist gives such a minute description of this battle that I deem it proper and right to quote from him still further. IFe says: -During the morning of January 1, 1808, the rebels made re peated attempts to advance on Thomas front in the center, hut were driven hack before emerging from the woods. Crittenden was ordered to send Van Cleve s division across the river to occupy the position opposite the ford on his left, thrown for ward perpendicular to it. The rebel right, under 1 olk, kept up a hrisk skirmish fire on their front, Chalmers brigade was ordered to occupy the ground in front of the 4 Round Forest/ Bragg an ticipating an attack on his right under I>reckin- ridge, on the morning of the 1st. during the night ordered two brigades of that division to re- eross to the east side of the river. l>ut none was made. About 2 o clock in the afternoon the enemy showed signs of movement by massing large num bers of his troops on onr right, at the extremity of an open field a mile and a half from the Mur- freesboro pike. Here the rebels formed in line six deep, and massed thus heavily remained without advancing for over an hour. Gibson s brigade and a battery occupied the woods near OveralU (. reek, while Xegley s was placed as support <>n GENERAL CISTS DESCRIPTION. 183 Al cCook s right. The evident design of Hraii g during the day was simply to feel the lines of our army to find out if Rosecraiie was retreating. Sat isfied of this, he felt that he could maintain his position. lie was not in condition to attack after the heavy hammering his army had received the day before. "At daylight the next day P>ragg gave orders to his corps commanders to feel our lines and ascer tain Rosecrans" position. Fire was opened from four batteries on the center, and a demonstration in force was made by his infantry, followed by an other on MeCook, but at all points meeting with a heavy artillery fire, he concluded that our army still occupied the battle field in force. Bragg or dered Whartoif s and Pegram s brigades of cavalry to cross to the right bank of Stone River, immedi ately in Breekinridge s front. Soon after this a number of his staff officers discovered for the first time that Van Cleve s troops, sent over the day before, had quietly crossed unopposed, ami had es tablished themselves on and under cover of an eminence from which Folk s line was commanded and enfiladed. It was an evident necessity either to withdraw Folk s line or to dislodge Van Cleve s. The first alternative was not to be entertained un til the failure of an attempt to accomplish the latter. Folk was at once ordered to send over to Breekinridge the remaining brigades belonging to his division still with Folk, and Breekinridge re porting to Braii g received his orders. The attack 1K4 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH i:i:< H.MKN I . was to IK- made with the four brigades of Brcekin- ridge s command, the cavalry protecting his right and co-operate with him. The crest of ground lira i- the river, where Van Clove s division was in position, was the point against which the main attack was to he directed. This taken, Breekin- ridge was to hriug up his artillery and establish it on high ground, so as to enfilade our lines on the other side of the river. Polk was to open with a heavy tire on our left as Breckin ridge commenced his advance. The signal for the attack was to he one gun from the 1 center, and 4 o clock was the hour set for the tiring of this i-un. Breckin ridge drew up his division in two line s, the first in a narrow skirt of woods, the other some two hun dred yards in the rear. The artillery was placed in rear of the second line, and in addition Jo that of his hrigade. ten Napoleon guns. 1 2-pounders. were sent to aid in the attack. \ an Cleve s division was under command of Colonel Samuel Beatty with (irider s brigade for support, while a hrigade of Palmer s division was placed in position on the extreme left to protect that Hank. l>rury s hattcry was posted in the rear. In front of Breckinriduv s line was an open space some six hundred and fifty yards in width, with a gentle ascent which it was necessary for his troops to cross hefore reaching our lines. Sev eral hundred yards in the rear of the latter was the river, increasing the distance as it flowed hevond I IITV-KIGHT GUNS IN POSITION. 1 .S.~) our loft. General Rosecrans lia<l ordered (Yitten- deii to sond Beatty s division across the river as protection to tlie troops on the left and center, as from the high ground near the river, the enemy by an enfilading tire, could sweep these portions of our lines. During the morning of the 2d, Xegley s division was ordered from the right and placed in position on the west hank of the river in the roar of Beatty s division as reserves, being here on the left of 1 1 a/en s and Oruft s brigades of Palmer s division. As soon as Breckin ridge s command entered the open ground to his front, the artillery massed on the west hank of the river by order of Critten- den, consisting of all the guns of the left wing, to gether with the batteries belonging to Xegley s division and Stokes battery, making fifty-eight guns in position, opened a heavy, accurate and destructive fire. Largo numbers of the enemy fell before they reached Beatty s infantry lines. .Press ing forward, without waiting to throw out a skirmish line 1 , Breekin ridge s command swept onward, reckless of the artillery tire, and that of the infantry, and struck Price s and (Jrider s brigades, broke their lines, drove them from their position onto their support in the rear, which also gave way, when the entire division retreated in broken ranks across the river, taking refuse behind the line of Xegley s division, and there re forming. Colonel .John F. Miller, commanding the right 1X6 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KE(JIMI N I . brigade. of Xegley s division, had ordered his troops to lie down under cover of the bluff of the river hank, and hold their tire until our troops from the other side crossed over and moved to the rear. As soon as the last of Ueatty s men had passed through Miller s lines, lie commanded the division to rise and open tire on the approach ing rebels. Miller s tire was so effectively given as to cause the enemy at once to recoil. At the same time our artillery tire on the left was enfilad ing his ranks. His division soon wavered, and then began falling back. This was Colonel Miller s < hance, and he ordered his troops to charge across the river, and to drive the enemy to their lines of entrenchments, which they did. About the time Miller s command had got to the river, he received orders from General Palmer not to cross, hut as he was driving the enemy nicely lie did not obey, but ordered the troops forward. One of the enemy s batteries was posted in a wood close by and was keeping up a brisk fire on Miller s advance. He ordered his men to charge this battery, which they did, capturing three guns. At the time of the charge the Twen ty-sixth Tennessee was supporting the battery. This regiment was broken by the assault and a large number of them captured with the colors ot the command. The commands under Generals Davis and Ha/en were at once ordered across the river to support- Miller. They secured a good line, and went into I .RA<;<; MORTIFIED AND DIS( < >( position tor the night. Bragg was deeply cha grined at the failure of Breckinridge s movement, hut as night closed down lie could do nothing hut to prepare to defend himself on to-morrow. This lie did by re-arranging his troops during the nii^ht. General Rosecrans ordered Davis to take and hold the line occupied by Beatty s division, while Crit- tenden s corps crossed the river, took position and entrenched themselves. During the morning of the ->d Bragg ordered a heavy and constant picket tiring to be kept up on his front, to determine whether our army still confronted him. At one point in the wood to the left of the Murfreesboro pike, the rebel sharp shooters had all day annoyed Rousseau, who re quested permission to dislodge them and their sup ports, covering a ford at that place. About six o clock in the evening two regiments from John Beatty s brigade of Rousseau s division, co-operat ing with two regiments of Spear s brigade of Xeg- lev s division, under cover of a brisk artillery fire, advanced on the woods and drove the enemy not only from their cover, but also from their en trenchments a short distance from the rear. At noon Bragg, on consultation with his gen erals, decided to retreat, leaving the field in pos session of his opponent. About midnight of the 2d, after Breckinridge s failure, Clebnrne and Withers had sent a communication to Bragg, stating that there were but three brigades that were at all reliable, and even some of these were HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KIXUMENT. more or less demoralized. They expressed their tears of great disaster, which sliould he avoided by ivtivat. 1 olk told Bragg that "after seeing tlie effect of the operations of to-day, added t<> that produced upon the troops by the battle of the 31st, I very greatly fear the consequences of an other engagement at this plaee on the ensuing day. And," he continued, u we eonld now, per haps, get otf with some safety, and with some credit, it the affair was well managed. Should we fail in the meditated attack, the consequences miii ht he very disastrous." Bragg saw very plainly that his generals were already whipped, and that to risk another engagement would he certain destruction to his army, so ahont midnight of the 3d he put his whole army under full retreat to a position behind Duck River. Sunday, January 4, 18<>o. was spent bv our boys in burying the dead of both armies. The retreat of Bragg was rapid and complete, and only a feeble effort was made to follow him. He left, in his hospitals at Murfreeshoro, all his sick and wounded. l>y this some 2,f>00 prisoners fell into our hands to be cared for. Thus, after seven days battle, the Army of the Cumberland rested in Murfreeshoro, haviuir achieved the object of the winter campaign. The final battle for Kentucky had been fought by I>r;tgg and lost. Nashville, too, was now beyond his hopes, and for the great victory of the 31st, which lie claimed, Bragg bad hut little to show. RESULTS OF THE BATTLE, ETC. 189 111 the heavy skirmishing, prior to the 31st, success attended every movement of the Tnion armv. The heavy fighting of the early part of the 31st was all in Bragg s favor up to the time his advance was checked by our center and the new line on the right. From that time to the occupation of Mur- freesboro, every movement resulted in favor of the army under Rosecrans, and the retreat of Bra g, after the defeat of Breckinridge, gave the halo of victory to our army as the result of the campaign. In his retreat Bragg admitted that he had gained nothing but a victory barren of results, at a cost to him of 10,125 killed, wounded and missing, 9,000 of whom were killed and wounded over twenty pel cent, of his command. Bragg s tie Id return of December 10, 18I52, shows an effective total of 51,036, composed of 39,304 infantry, 10,070 cavalry, and l,l)<>2 artillery. This included the forces of Morgan and Forest, who were at this time absent raiding through Kentucky. These commands numbered 5,<>38. This taken from Bragg s total leaves 46,604, which was the strength of the army with which Bragg fought the battle of Stone River. General Rosecrans force on the battle-field was : Infantry, 37,977 ; artillery, 2,223 ; cavalry, 3,200; total, 43,400 just 3,204 less than Bragg s army contained. The loss in the Union army was; Killed, 1,553; wounded, 7,245: and the rebels captured 2,800 men. This makes a total loss to the Union armv of 11,598, or about 190 HISTOHY OF THE SIXTH KKOIMKV1 . one-fourth of our entire army in the tight. Uosc- erans lost twenty-eight pieces of artillery and a large portion of his wagon train. Bragg h >s t only three pieces of artillery. The record shows no officers of the Sixth In- . diana killed or wounded in the hattle at Murfrees- boro, while the killed, wounded and raptured in the regiment during this hattle are as follows: COMPANY "A." George A. IJenatield. killed December 31, l<sr>:2. Dow ronway. killed December 31. 1862. William T. Ellis, killed December 31. 18i>:>. James Stevenson, wounded and died February 5, 18(53. Seeley .fayne. killed December 31, 18<! William Jolly, killed December 31. 18l>:>. .las. S. Kitts. wounded and discharged Novem ber 4. 1803. .las. T. Shewmakcr, killed December 31. 18<>:>. Benjamin F. Simpson, killed December 31. Enos Clark, killed December 31, 18H2. las. \\ . Dunlap. wounded and discharged June 0, 181)3. Uobei t C. ( Jiiy, wounded and discharged April 17, 1803. Ira Roberts, killed December 31. 1S02. THK SIXTH INDIANA AND HER LOSSES. 191 David B. Simonton, wouoded and died .January, 1868. Samuel S. Stnll, killed December 81, 1862. COMPANY "D." William (Y>nway, captured and died in prison, February 25, 18(33. Jonathan Eades, wounded and discharged Octo ber 27, 1863. Casper AV. Land, wounded and discharged July 27, 1863. William Wallace, wounded and discharged Sep tember 22, 1864. John "W. Long, wounded and discharged Feb ruary 1, 1865. Lost none killed, wounded or captured. COMPANY u P." Elijah C. Bailey, wounded and died January 16, 1863. COMPANY " G." Alexander Bradford, wounded and died Febru ary 16, 1863. James Iveav, killed December 31, 1862. Gideon Powell, wounded and transferred to 68th Regiment. 192 HISTORY OK THE HXTII K K< J I M KNT. COMPANY " II." Kohert Chillis, wounded ami discharged A]ril 27, 1863. .James II. Earl, killed Decemher :J1. 1S62. .lames F. Fish, wounded and transferred, V. K. ( .. XoviMiibor 29, 18iW. John W. Shar}>, killed Decvinher :-51, 1S62. Adolph Cotton, wounded and discharged March 19,*1863. cn.Ml ANV "I." Lost none killed, wounded or captured. COMPANY k * K." John Bri ese, \vonnde<l slightly. lames K. Castner, \\-onnded seYerdv. John \V. Hyatt, killed Decemher 31, 1862. Joliu F. Harrell, killed Deeemher :}1, 1SU2. Lemon W. Jackson, wounded and died Fehrnary 1:5, 18<i:-J. Kd\\"ard McVey. killed Dect inher :J1. 1S62. Here we- have a loss to the regiment of sixteen killed, seventeen wounded, and one captured making a total loss of thirty-four men and a fur ther examination will show that all this was done on Deeemher 31st, and in the short time of tifteen 01- twcntv minutes. The Sixth hoys will remeni- her that our hritrade was on dutv hack at General BRAVE AND DARIN* J HA I /I) WIN AND TRIP I*. 1^3 K. W. .Johnson s headquarters, which was nearly a inik and a lialf iu-the rear of the balance of our division. Tliey will also Fenfi&ttiber that st rapiers coming />< // nn ll to the rear was the first intimation we had of the terrible disaster to our right. It was by the most rapid and quick work, as well as the splendid military ability of our brave and daring Baldwin and Tripp, that we got in line and was readv to meet the victorious foe, who were sweep ing on through the cedar wood, apparently with out any opposition, after our retreating and shattered ranks. How we rained the leaden hail into their dense columns as they approached us, which made them waver, and finally checked them, and would have sent them to the rear again but for the fact that they overlapped our right, which was entirely unprotected, and with many times our number. And, heavens! how we got to the rear when we started, and it was well that we started when we did, as a ten minutes" longer stay would have given many of us a trip down South for the winter, and, perhaps, for all time to come, as we may have met the fate of poor AVilliam Conway, who was captured, and died in prison the following February. The soldierly bearing, and cool, deliberate con- duet of Colonel P. 1*. Baldwin, in handling his brigade on this occasion should have won for him the title of "General," as he certainly deserved promotion, and no more so than our own dear 13 MM IIISTOHV OF Till; SIXTH Kl < I M I NI Colonel II. Tripp, whose bravery ami courage <u that day stumped him as a in.!-- -Hi i commander Well \\ illi\ tin- ( Li. lit* occupied, and -.ipalle (if a inilt l) higher poaition. hi fact.hoth lli--r- and in. -n of the old Sixth :i. .jinl h-il llieiiiM lves nohly in this cii-jiiL 1 in ni . Hut. straiijuv an it may si fin, sonic laughable things happen <n iln-- .|u,i. franioiiH, and HOIIIC nf the !MVH to thin day heartily (i\cr a little ailair that took place wlifii we were tall mif hack that day. Tin- Captain of ( oinpaiiy . of (Mir regiment, complained f I ein-j ((tiite lame from rheiimatiHin, so much so that he could scarcely nd alon^f even with ili as- sishince of a lill L c eaile which he h:id i-arr n-d all da\. In the scramhle for life of death \\heli \\ e starte(l f(r the rear, it \\a>, for ;i fc\\ minntt s, "every fellou for himself," and our rheumatic Captain had Keen lost sirht of for the time hrinjj. Hut just as we \\t-re getting out of the \\ooiU, ami had struck the cljjr nt a lar^c tield directly in our front, one of his hoys wan hoard to rail out : M\ <iod! look yonder at Captain . ir<ini: across the li.-l.l. he is just tom-hiliir the hi.ufh places." It i> not entirel\ the ohject of such a work us this to givr the whole moVeincliI o| the entire army, nor a full and complete description of a hattlo of such ufi^antic proportions as the one toiiirht here at MiirfVwriliom. Still. I think I have IM-I-H siitticieiitly minute to -ji\ the reader a tolcr- ahly idea of the hattle. as \\ell a> the part taken in it hv our regiment. Nearlv all the Hifhtinu \\ I! M)\K INTO Ml i;i III I "-IIOKO. 1 5>f) done after tin- lirst dav, (lull is after heeember -H , \\ ;i> done b\ Orittenden s Corps, which was hardly considered in tin 1 flight ill nil nn the . Ust. This nj course kept mil- division mi the reserve, and, in fact, nni of auy other not eiiffatfemcuts for the hal- JHICC nf 1 lie liii lil . Thf c:i vjilrv, MS well us Home other rttnall del iidi in. -in -. li.cl preceded liiin. Imt on iln- r>tli (icncrid Thomas, with liis \\-lmle (. Oiuniaud, inarched intt Murfreesboro ;md \\ciii into < .imp on the M.m Chester mid Shelbyville Unjid. This \\ ns followed hv other -oiiiin;inds until tin- whole :innv \\ent siiiiii lv into winhT <|ii;irtei s on the exnel premises \vhere Bru^tf hiid ejirelnll\ sto\\cd ji\\ jiv his ju iny for the winter only n short time before. Our brigttde found <|ii!irters nenr Stone Iliver, JUHJ :i little SOUthwest nf M n rfreeshol o iilld het\Veen the t<\\n and river; ;ind im\\ tlnit \\ e are sniiii lx tucked a \\ a \ in w i nl er <j liar! ers, \\ c <-a n think hack over the verv eventful week just past, and indeed it is difficult in determine which tn admire the more, (he heavy. |iiiek, dceide(| onset of tin- rehels, as \N ith ranks well elosed up, \\"itlmiil inusi< , and alinnsl noiselessU , the\ nmved in lh<- ii rav liii ht of the earlv December tnorning, oul f t he (M-dars, across the open fields, hurling 1 lie lull weifirht of their Rdvaiicinfif columns upon our right with all t he da>h of Son t hern I r< tops, s wee pi no 1 on with rapid stride, and wild veils of triumph, to wluit appeared t< them an eas\ final victory; or, later in the afternoon, when our troops, that had If Mi HISTORY OF Till-: >I\ TH Kl < i IM KNT. been driven from the tield earlv in the morning, were re-formed under the eye ot the commanding General, met and threw hack from the point of the bayonet, and from the cannon month, the charge after charge of the same victorious troops of the earlier portion of the day. ( hie was like the re sistless sweep of the whirlwind in its onward course of destruction, the other the irrand. sturdy resistance of the rocky coast, which the- waves only rush upon to he dashed to pieces. In each of these the two armies displayed their distinctive features to the best, but the cool, deliberate, staving <juali- ties of the Tnion Cienerals were never shown up to a better advantage than in the battle of Stone River. CHAPTER XII. IN MUEFBEESBOKO AND RESTING UP. Half rations Potatoes a luxury Repairing the railroad The accidental shooting of Lieut. Holcomb Bragg lakes position at Shelbyville and Tullahoma Our army reorganized Plans for the Tullahoma campaign The forward movement ordered The Sixth Indiana broke camp June 24 The boys anxious to go Our beautiful tented city goes down We march for Liberty Gap Our position and the part we took The heroic deeds of the Sixth Indiana What it takes to make a good soldier The darkest cloud has a silver lining Lord save, or we perish The light begins to dawn Our army closing in around Tullahoma -The pressure too great for Bragg Again he retreats Tired and weary we go into camp in Tullahoma A short but brilliant campaign Western Tennessee cleared of armed rebels Hood went up to see Thomas But he left before dinner. During the first six mouths of 1 868 the military operations of the Army of the Cumberland were of a minor character. The exhaustion attending the severe fighting of the last week of the previous year kept that army in camp for some time, to re store the losses of arms and material, to reclothe the army, to recruit the strength of the troops, to forward the needed supplies, and to build the necessary works to fortify Miirfreeshoro as a new base. HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. repair of tin* most complete wrecking the Louisville Road ever suffered demanded Rosecrans attention the first tiling after tlie battle of Stone River. When tlie army left Nashville on tlie ad vance to meet Bragg the supplies in that city were very limited. With the disabling of the road it was impossible at that time to forward sufficient supplies to meet the wants of the command, ami for the first tew weeks while the army remained at Mnrfreeshoro the troops were on half rations, and many of the articles constituting the "ration * entirely dispensed with, leaving hut three or four on the list. The surrounding country for miles was scoured for forage and provisions. Every thing of that kind was gathered in by raiding parties, not leaving sufficient for the actual necessi ties of the inhabitants. To such an extent did this go that to the officers with means to purchase such provisions as were to he had potatoes and onions became luxuries. But the railroad was soon repaired and the supplies necessary for the comfort of the army were issued, to the great delight and satisfaction of tlie boys, and for nearly six months it was "go on picket" to-day, and "drill" to-morrow, with inspection of arms on Sunday for a change. Many things occurred in the 1 old Sixth during these six months that will be remembered by the boys as long as they remember anything. One was the presentation of a sword to Colonel Baldwin by the officers of the regiment. Another was the accidental shooting of Lieutenant ACCIDENTAL SHOOTINtJ OF LIEUT. IIOLCOMB. 199 Jerome P. Holeomb, of Company G, on the morn ing of the 12th of May, by a s<|iia<l of nu ii who had just come off of picket duty and was ordered to go to a certain spot near the river and fire oft* their guns in a brushy thicket, just at a time when Lieutenant Holcomb was passing on the opposite side 1 . He received the full force of a ball in a vital part of the body and lived only a few hours. Lieutenant Holcomb was buried with the honors of war in the military cemetery near Murfreesboro. On Bragg s retreating from Murfreesboro he took position with a portion of his armv and es tablished his headquarters at Shelbyville. He then ordered part of his command to move to Tnlla- homa and there entrench, throwing up extensive earthworks and fortifications. Later he placed his troops in winter quarters. Some important events took place during the first six months of 18<J3 that had a bearing on the fortunes of the Army of the Cumberland. On January 9, in recognition of the services of that army, by General Order Xo. 9 of War Department, that command was reorganized and the center, right and left were constituted the army corps designated as the Fourteenth, Twentieth and Twenty -first Corps, under the same old command ers, while to General Kosecrans was committed the care and control of the entire army as com- mander-in -chief. During the early part of June Genera] Rose- cran s commenced placing liis troops in position 200 IIISTOKY or THE SIXTH m;< . I.M i:\ i preparatory to a general advance. JIc organized n reserve corps from tin* various smaller com mands ordered up from tin- rear and placed it under the command of General K. S. Grander, and about the _->d of June Uosecrans. having made all necessary arrangements for his command according to his plans, and learning of the favor able prospects at Yickshurg and of the movement of the force under Hurnside into East Tennessee to take and hold Ivnoxville, issued the necessary orders for the advance of his army on that of the enemy. TIIK ADYAXCK ox TTLI.AIIO.MA. in .lune, IStio, General Brad s army was occu pying a strong position north of Duck River. His infantry front extended from Shelbyville to War- trace, and his cavalry rested at McMinnville on his right, and Spring Hill and Columbia on his left. Gem-nil Polk s corps was at Shelbyville, having a rl<m line covered with abatis in trout. A detac-hment from it was thrown forward to Guy s Gap. General llardee s corps held Hoo ver s, Liberty and Bellbuckle Gaps. C hatta- nooii a was tlie lase. and Tullahoma was the t-hief depot of supplies. General Uosecrans determined to concentrate the corps of Generals Thomas, McCook and ( 1 rit- tenden on the enemy s right, covering this move ment by a feint upon his left, with Gem-nil Gran ger s corps and the main portion of his cavalry. PLANS FOR THE TULLAIIOMA CAMPAIGN. 201 The execution of this plan was commenced on the 2-)d of June by the 1 advance of Granger s corps. The enemy s position was well chosen for either defense or retreat. He had in his front a range of hills, rough and rocky, through whose depressions, called gaps, the main roads to the south passed. These gaps were held by strong detachments, with heavy columns within supporting distance. Such was the strength of the position at Shelby - ville that General Rosecrans anticipated stubborn resistance should he attack it, and in the event of success in assaults, the enemy could cover his re treat, having a route to his rear easily defended. He therefore proposed to turn General Bragg s right, and, avoiding his entrenchments at Shelby - ville altogether, provoke a battle on ground of his own selection, or force him to retreat on a disad vantageous liite. This purpose involved the necessity of forcing the advanced forces from the gaps from the left to the right of the main position. The movement of troops to Triune had been made to create the be lief that a direct attack would be made upon Hhelbyville, and now, in the actual advance of his army, Rosecrans endeavored to keep up this im pression. For this object, General Mitchell, com manding the tirst cavalry division, moved forward from Triune, and drove back the enemy s cavalry upon his infantry line. General Rosecrans also demonstrated with his cavalry from his left, and sent an infantry force to Woodbury, that the 202 HISTOHY OF THE SIXTH i;K<; I M KN T. enemy might regard those movements as a feint to divert attention from the direct attack upon Shelhyville. The same day, .June 23, General Granger s corps moved from Triune to Salem. The next day the \vholo army was in motion. Tile 24th day of June, 18t5--J, will he remembered hv the members of the old Sixth Regiment as lonsf as there is one of them left to tell the tale. The orders to "strike tents and he readv to march at a moment s notice," was received early in the morning. This meant business and we were well aware of it : such orders were not unexpected : we knew they would come and were anxious to receive them. We had laid around in camp for the past six months and were tired to deatli "doing nothing; we were simply rusting our lives away, to what seemed to us, no purpose. Rations of course had got plentiful, and inactivity had produced scurvy, indigestion and gout. Xo wonder, indeed, that the orders to "strike tents" were received with universal joy throughout the Armv of the Cum berland: and in less than two hours from the re ceipt of these orders, our beautiful " Tented Citv* looked like a cyclone had struck it. The great white tents had been torn down, folded up and were ready to be loaded into the transportation wagons. Each soldier bad his knapsack packed and ready to strap on his back at a moment s warn ing. His haversack was full to the brim, while WAITING FOR THE ORDER TO "FALL IN." 203 his cartridge-box contained forty rounds of am munition. Thus prepared the hoys wore waiting patiently for the orders to "fall in," and I am not sure that the thoughts of some did not linger around the old camp scenes, and " heave a sigh" at having to hid farewell forever, to the dear old camp we had taken so much pains to beautify, for our camp, as well as our streets, were laid out with as much precision, as though a Government en gineer had done the work ; the streets were 1 all nicely graded and rounded up in the 1 center. They were policed and not only kept clean of any offal from the tents, but swept as clean as a parlor floor every morning; in fact, the most rigid discipline and cleanliness was observed ; situated as our camp was on the banks of the beautiful Stone River, and that too during the most lovely season of the vear; the boys of the old Sixth will loiii>- remember t/ t/ i the many times we have strolled up and down its clear, rippling waters in search of mussel or clam shells; out of which we used to make finger rings, watch charms, as well as many other ornaments, which we sent to loved ones at home. This day my wife has a finger ring, I made of a shell gath ered from the gravelly shores of Stone River, and sent her in 1862, or twenty-eight years ago. All these and many more might be mentioned to revive fond recollections of the old camp at Stone River. The bugle sounded the "fall in" about noon as we fell in line and started on the Tullahoma cam paign. 204 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH W-KJIMKNT. General MeCook s ( 1 orp> advanced toward Lil- eity Gap. He started on the Shelby ville turnpike, l)iit the divisions at different points defieeted to Millershurir, where Sheridan s and I>avis divi sions Bivouacked at ni^lit, while Johnson a<lvaneed to tlie Gap (tlie Sixth Regiment was in Johnson s division) . Liberty (Jap is a narrow passage hetween two hiii h ranges of mountains, which it resolutely de fended hy a thousand men, could he held against ten times the nuniher. Our troops moved gal lantly forward and drove the enemy through, and beond the <ia. and encamed therein during the g the ni^ht the enemy was reinforced, and ai*ain offered battle, which we accepted. The tiii litiiiii 1 the day het ore was by our division, hut on the second day ( arlin s brigade was sent to the front. lie met with a most stubborn resistance. hut finally succeeded in repulsing the enemy and scut them in a hurry up the r.n^ed pass wav. Durinir the conflict at Liberty Gap, General Thomas was pushing tlie enemy at Hoover s (.-Jap, through which passed the Manchester pike. At the- same time the I nion forces that went down the railroad toward Shelby ville, which was Ural s hest fortified point, had made it very clear to Bra^ u* that they, too, meant to do him mischief, and should receive a share of his attention. While it is not the aim of this little work to ifive all the movements of the entire armv, vet in order DESCRIPTION BY IIKNKY M. CIST. 205 to moiv properly show the part our own regiment took in the matter, I must also show where our briga-de and division operated, and what part they took in the campaign, and I can do this no hotter than to quote from General IFenrv M. Cist, who says that ". Johnson s division was advanced up to Liberty (Jap, with the Thirty-ninth Indiana, under Colonel Harrison, thrown forward to skirmish. Harrison developed the enemy in front of the (-hip. Willich s brigade was moved forward and drove the skirmishers in the rebel front back upon their main line, placed on the crest of the- hills on each side of the entrance to the Gap. Here the enemy was too strongly posted to attack his front. An other brigade, under Colonel John F. Miller, who had been transferred to Johnson s division, was then brought forward. These two brigades were at once deployed in line, making a front of such length as to envelop both flanks of the enemy s line, and advancing, these brigades gallantly drove the rebels through the defile, a distance of two miles. After clearing the Gap the troops returned to the north end of it and there bivouacked. On the following day, late in the afternoon, an attack was made on Willich s and Miller s brigades, to drive them out of the north end of the Gap. John son s failure to hold the southern entrance enabled the enemy again to enter it, and to secure it entirely they made 1 this attack. The engagement opened with a heavv fire on the center of the command, 20tt I1I>TOIJY OF THK SIXTH KK<;IMKM. the enemy attacking in torn. . They were hand somely repulsed. Reaewiug tlie attack Hardee then endeavored to secure position on the hills to the right and left so as to command Johnson s Hanks with his tire, hut each movement was met by Johnson s troops, supported by Carliu s brigade, and every attack was repulsed. Beaten at every point, late in the evening the enemy withdrew en tirely, taking position at Bellbuckle. The fighting at Liberty Gap was the most severe, so far, of the campaign, and in this attack Johnson s command, including ( arlin s brigade, lost two hundred and thirty-one killed and wounded. The enemy s loss was still greater." The plans of the enemy not being yet fully de veloped, and in view of the uncertainty that existed whether he would fall on McCook s front, or mass on Thomas near Fairtield, Rosecrans issued the following order : "General Crittenden to advance to Lannan s Stand, six miles oast of Beech Grove, and open communications with (General Thomas. General Thomas to attack the rebels on the tiank of his advance position at the forks of the road, and drive the rebels toward Fairtield. General McCook to feign and advance, as if in force, on the \Vartraee road by the Liberty Gap passes." The members of the old Sixth can now sec why we were- kept up in Liberty <Jap so long. The truth is that we were waiting for Thomas to exe cute certain orders. He was to attack the rebels WHAT IT TAKES To MAKK A SOLDIEK. 2<>7 on their right Hank, and if he succeeded in driving thorn toward YTartrace, he was then to cover that road with a division, and taking the remainder of his troops was to move rapidly on Manchester. McCook was then to move in and take Thomas 1 place at Beech Grove, holding Liberty Gap with a division, which was ours, and was finally to with draw that and follow Thomas with his entire com mand to Manchester. Thomas was entirely successful in driving the enemy beyond the Wartrace road, and this, of course, called them away from our front and made our presence up in the gap no longer necessary, and, in order to get with the balance of our corps, we had to retrace our steps down the gap and strike out for Manchester. But, before we leave this gap, I will say that, notwithstanding the Sixth Indiana took an active part in the very severe skirmishing necessary to drive the rebels from their hiding places among the cliffs and rugged surface of this mountainous region, the boys did their work so well that they got through without the loss of a man either killed or wounded. Not every man is suitable to send on the skirmish line. lie should not only be thoroughly drilled in the art of war, but brave and courageous, yet cautious as a t-nt. The Sixth Indiana was composed of just such men. Our regiment was not only well drilled in the various movements, but a braver lot of boys was not in the service than the old Sixth. Thev shrunk no JON HISTORY OF Till: SIXTH KI-:< i IM KNT. danger when duty called <>n them to act. Cautious. prudent, brave boys. I always felt safe, no matter how hard or dangerous the task, when the old Sixth went to the front. It was the Sixth regi ment that was called on to defend our battery at Shiloh, and at the critical moment charged the en emy, sending them whirling to the rear, and turned the tide of battle in our favor, resulting in a great victory. It was the Sixth Indiana that held her place in line against the heavily massed charging rebel forces in the open field, on the evening of the first day at Chickamanga, sending the rebels to the rear again when our own troops, both on our right and left, g ave way and passed to the rear a half mile. The Sixth Indiana is one of the very few regiments that held the post assigned her on morning of the second at rhiekamaiiga, although oiii position was charged many times. The onlv rebels that ever reached our temporary works <>t defense were those foolish enough to charge up so close that it was certain death to try to get back, and were forced to come in as prisoners. The Sixth Regiment held her position throughout th entire day, tailing back only in obedience to orders received late in the day. It was the old Sixtli that was placed on the front line in the capture of Brown s Ferry, and while she did her work well, it was at the expense of one oth cer killed, Lieut, (i. B. (Jreen, of Cn. K, and one other man killed, aud three men captured, who THE SIXTH I LACKD (>N THE FRONT LINE. 2(W Afterwards died in rebel prisons south. The rap ture of Brown s Ferry was a bold, daring, dan gerous feat, but it was a complete success, and opened up what the boys called a u cracker line" to the almost starving army. The Sixth Indiana was one of the regiments placed on the front line in the storming party at Missionary Ridge, and in the face of shot and shell, tfnd a shower of minnie balls, she went to the top of the hill with the bound and spring of a tiger, and planted the stars and stripes on the rebel works, while the smoke was still hissing from their red-hot cannon that belched death and de struction at us as we went up the hill. But why should I dwell upon the deeds of heroism and bravery of this grand old regiment? Its history is a part of the history of the war for the Union, and one that its members may well feel proud of, and one which their friends and relatives need not be ashamed of. But there are other qualities which are just as essential in the make-up of good soldiers as are those of bravery and heroism, and they are such as putiem-e and potrcr* of en<ltir<ui<-< , and right here, before we leave Liberty Gap, is as good a chance as I shall ever have to show up these last two named qualities in the proper light. We left Murfreesboro and started on the Tulla- lioina campaign the 24th day of June, soon after dinner. We had gone only a short distance when it began to rain, and it not only rained every day, hut it seemed to me ever hour from that time on 210 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KE< ; l.M KNT. ii| until ahout tlu 1 third dav of .July. It rained so much and so hard that wo ceased to regard it a matter of any consequence, and siniplv stood up and took it, without attempting to seek shelter or screen oui selves in the least. Why should we, when we were already wet to the skin? Shelter was a matter of impossibility, except the tew " dog tents " which only a part of the hoys had, and they eould only he used at night, and even then they only covered a part of us, for our teet and legs up to our knees always took the weather as it came, no matter whether it was wet or dry: and during this nine or ten days, no man attempted to remove a particle of his clothing, he simply went to hed like a horse, with his shoes on. The incessant rain had tilled every little stream and gulch to overflowing, while the water was rushing down the sides of the mountains in great sluices, and had tilled the stream, up which we came, and along which passes the only road that allows any possible chance to escape, until it was full from hank to hank, rushing and timihlin<r along down the rough, rugged and rocky channel, thick with mud, foaming and frothing, and roar ing in a most threatening manner. The reader will please remember that we are just now at the very head of this long, deep u ap, and ahout six miles from its mouth, waiting for orders to * 4 follow Thomas" hy way of Beech Grove, which would compel us to pass down this angry stream, and ON THE WAY TO BEECH GROVE. 211 one among the many strange tilings is that such orders should reach us at 8 o clock at night, and by ! ) o clock the whole division was on its way, splashing along down the muddy stream. Dark as the bottomless pit, and raining straight down ; splash, splash, splash, splash, sometimes knee deep, sometimes waist deep, and always in water; slop, slop, slop, slop, here we go, sometimes in the road, and sometimes stumbling over logs and stones. Every once in a while you could hear some one call out, u where are yon, Bill . " " Here, what the thunder are you doing away out there V Pretty soon it would be, "where are yon. Company A?" or, " where are you, Company K? " This was the only possible way for the different companies to keep anywhere near together. On one occasion one of the members of my company stumbled over something, and as he pitched forward he lost his gun in the muddy water, quite knee deep. Jt so happened that he was right in front of me, and was just in the act of stooping to feel for his gun when I ran against him, and away we both went head long into the water. 1 soon got on my feet again, with the muddy water dripping from my clothes, and was trying to think of some suitable words to express myself, when all at once Andrew Sands, who happened to be the man I had ran over, broke forth in the most eloquent language I think I ever heard. It took only a moment to convince me that he was doing the case full justice, and I bore my part in silence. Fn tact. I am not right sure 212 IIISTOHY OF THE SIXTH KK< ilM KNT. that it would have been very safe tor me to let myself be known just at that time, anyhow. But still we go, splash, splash, down the muddy stream, until, I think it was :> o clock in the morn ing, the bugle blew halt, and soon word came back fop us to tni ii in for the night. Turn in where! 1 thought to myself, with mud and water all around us, and everywhere. It was so dark we could not see an object beyond an arm s length. The companies were all mixed up, or, in other words, there was simply nothing like order or or ganization among tin* companies or regiments, and when the order to turn in" was received, it was "every fellow for himself" from that time until daylight. Lieutenant George B. Green, of our company, and myself happened to be near each other when the bugle sounded, and we decided to make the most we could of our condition and together we struck out for higher ground. We had gone only a short distance when we run into a brush-pile where some man had trimmed a tree and piled the brush. We spread this out and added a few loads of green paw-paw brush to it. and on this we made our bed for the remainder of the night: and, not withstanding the fact that I was wet to the skin and hungry as a wolf, I slept well. >o well, in fact, that I did not get up until daylight. It was curious to see the boys getting together next morning. But after a^hurried breakfast, the bugle again blows the "fall in " and away we go for OF TIIK MARCH. 213 Beech Grove. \\ e soon strike the Manchester pike, and another day is put in amidst mud and rain. A short halt at noon tor coffee and on \ve go, through mud and rain. Another short halt at supper time for coffee, and again me move on. Dark sets in, and still we press forward. About 9 o clock at night a very heavy thunder storm came up, and for a change the most terrific storm of thunder and lightning prevailed, while the rain came down in torrents, hut still we move on. The lightning was so vivid and thunder so rapid and terrific as it played among the treetops which slashed each other as their branches met over the narrow, muddy road along which we still followed as best we could in the inky darkness, that it seemed to me that Satan himself had been turned loose. Ten o clock comes, and still we are plodding along in the dark and mud, while the lightning is still darting livid streams of fire among the treetops, and in a sporting way would now and then hit some old scraggy rock on the mountains a whack just to see the slivers fly. Eleven o clock comes and still we press forward, wet to the skin and mud to the knees, while it was with difficulty that I could lift my feet out of the deep mud. 1 stagger as I walk. Merciful father, give us strength to endure these hardships, that we may not fall and perish by the wayside! Half past eleven and we have reached the top of the mountain. Hark! The biiirle sounds the 2\4 HISTORY OF THK HXTH I; K< i I M KN T. halt, and amidst the pelting rain and roaring thunder, we receive orders to * turn in n for the night. My partner of hist night was nowhere near me, nor did I take the trouble to look him up. Again it is a case of self-preservation, and on mv own hook I began to cast about for a resting place for the night. By the aid of the flashing lightning I made my way to a rail fence near bv, and securing a couple of rails. I placed one end of them on a log while the other end rested on the ground, turning the heart edges in, then with my haversack placed on the log between the rails for a pillow, I stretch myself between the rails, place my hat over my face, and under an oil-cloth cov ering me from head to feet, I folded mv arms across my breast and was soon unconscious of past troubles. I have been a little particular in giving my ex perience in this case for two reasons: Fivst. My experience is that of every member of the regiment who was on this march. tierond. That the reader might see that the qualities of patience and endurance are jnst as es sential in a soldier as are those of courage and patriotism. Men. like horse*, in order to be service able, should be patient, tractable, have plenty of muscle, and lots of good horse sense. The darkest cloud lias a silver lining." When 1 awoke next morning (it was the first day of .Jul v). the sun was jnst sending his kk golden rays" of light up over the eastern hills in a manner which ON THE ROAD TO Tl LLAIIOMA. 215 seemed to say to the raging elements, * Peace, be still." All was calm and serene. All nature stH ined to have settled down to its usual quiet, and the only noise to be heard was the singing of the birds among the tree tops. Orders to he ready to inarch hurried up a meager breakfast, and soon we were on the road again, headed, this time, toward Tullahoma, as General Thomas had pressed the enemy so hard that he had abandoned his strong works at Shelbyville and was concentrating on Tullahoma. The three army corps began to close in around Tullahoma, and by the morning of the 2d each corps was in its place, in line of battle, and pre pared to test the strength of Bragg s army in an open field tight. But scouting parties and captured prisoners reported that Bragg was evacuating the place. A closer investigation proved the cor rectness of these reports, and while a portion of the army was sent in pursuit of the retreating en emy, the balance was ordered into cam]) again at various points. The old Sixth went ill to camp near Tullahoma; and 1 want to say to you that it would be hard to find a worse set of used-up boys than the Sixth Regiment was at this time. Muddy, hungry, tired and foot-sore, an opportunity to clean up and rest, and get a square meal, was a matter of necessity. Our camp here was located and tents put up about the 3d day of July, and not one man in ten had had his shoes or boots off since \ve broke camp at Murfreesboro, on the 24th day of 216 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH I: I .< . I MKXT. June. For my own part, I will say tliat 1 lia<l hot pretended to take oft my loots until a ft IT our tents wore up here on the 3d, and one of the hoys took a knife and simply cut them from my feet, and in removing my socks pieces of skin as large as twenty-live cent silver pieces were pealed from the blisters on my ankles. My feet and ankles swelled to double their natural si/e. and 1 did not walk a step for over a week, and I was onlv one of many who were in the same condition. While the campaign was short, yet it was bril liant in the extreme. Bragg had simply been out- Kciieraled. He had been routed and put to tTiirht i without the shedding of blood. lie had been compelled to abandon Middle Tennessee forever, and with no hope of ever returning to it again; and while Bragg himself never did get back into Tennessee. I have a faint recollection of a certain fellow whose surname was Hood venturing back there as far as Franklin, but unfortunately for this fellow, there happened to be a man the boys called " 1 ap Thomas" stationed at Nashville, and one day old Pap Thomas sent one of his Lieutenants by the name of Schotield down to Franklin to in vite this man Hood up to Nashville to a Christmas dinner, lie accepted the invitation and went, and somehow either he did not like the rations, or he and Thomas could not agree on the division, and Thomas told him to "git," and he got. but before he went he decided ?o leave with Thomas about :$.">, 000 of his men, 72 pieces of his artillery, 70 HOOD WKNT t P TO SEE THOMAS. 217 stands of his colors, besides about all the small arms, wagons and other material that he took to Nash ville, and even then did not stay for dinner. The news of the surrender of Vicksburg reached us even before the terms of surrender were com pleted. This, added to our own brilliant success, did very much indeed to gladden the hearts of our boys, and, with rest and good treatment, we were soon ready for duty again. Nothing of special interest occurred to or in our regiment while we laid here at Tuilahoma, ex cept that we received a visit from the pay-master. The hoys were always glad to get their money, which was nearly always sent to tlie needy ones at home. Now and then some fellow would keep back just enough to get on a "high low, 7 but this was seldom done. We had a splendid time gath ering blackberries while we lay here. This afforded us not only recreation, but diversion, as well as an abundance of tine berries. Old Uncle John used to feed us on " blackberry cobbler" nearly every day. CHAPTER XIII. THE CHICKAMAUGA CAMPAIGN. We move by way of Salein Description of the route and people Crossing the mountains -Peaches, huckleberries and big rat tlesnakes Sky fanners and tobacco-chewing women Our march down the mountains Hundreds overcome from heat and thirst We strike the Tennessee and go into camp We cross the Tennessee Sand Mountain and Wills Valley Bragg evacuates Chattanooga Our Corps ordered to Alpine Our Corps in great danger We fall back on top the mountain We iee the rebels concentrating in Chickamauga Valley We move off toward Crawfish Springs. Hut while we were laving around comparatively idle, our Commander, General Rosecrans. was plan ning for another campaign and forward movement. His plans were all completed hy the middle of Au gust, and on the 1*>th the Army of the Cumber land again began to move. Our corps moved off to the right, while our di vision went hy way of Salem and Larkiifs Ford to Bellefont. and struck the Tennessee River at Caperton s Ferry, about forty miles below Chatta nooga, and here we crossed the Tennessee River on a pontoon bridge.- But before we cross this river let us take a kind of a survey of the rryite along which we passed in order to reach the crossing point. I do not know the exact distance, but we were some twelve or DESCRIPTION OF THE ROUTE AND PEOPLE. 21JI fourteen days on the road from Tullalioma to the Tennessee. The road was rough and mountain ous, very poor land, and miserable little patch farms, poorly cultivated. The natives, in appear ance , corresponded we ll with the country, and were nearly all white. The negroes here were, of course, slaves, and these white people were all too poor to own slaves, and this accounts for their ab sence. These poor natives were what the slave owners called "poor white trash," and that pretty nearly told it. As for school houses, there were simply none, and I doubt if some of these ever saw a newspaper in their lives. The boys had lots of fun as we trudged along the gravelly roads, up hill and down, and seemingly without hurry, and while it was very warm, yet a greater portion of the road was shady, and there was a great abund ance of pure spring water all along the line. An other thing that helped us out amazingly peaches were ripe, and the fence corners and the hill-sides seemed to grow nothing better than peach trees. The crop was good this year, and we struck the country at just the right time to get the benefit of it. All moved off nicely until we struck a spur of the Cumberland Mountains, the extreme south ern range. This mountain was a little less than one mile high, and very steep, and the road up it was somewhat in the shape of an old-fashioned rail fence. It required ten horses and all the men that could get around it to take a piece of artil lery up the hill, ami it took our division about 220 HIHTOKY OF Tin: SIXTH KKI.I.MK.VI. four days to get up, and as our regiment was about the first of the troops that arrived u|> there, we had a good time waiting up tliere oil to}> and gathering huckleberries. To the hist item of sport, however, then 1 was one verv serious draw- hack, as well as a little dauber, and that was the most horrid, vieioiis looking, rusty old rattlesnakes I think I ever saw. The hoys brought into camp a number of these- old fellows having as many as twelve or fifteen rattles, but the greatest euriosity we run on up there was what the bovs called a scorpion. It resembled a crawfish more than any thing else. Its body was round, instead of being flat like that of a crawfish: it had two large pinchers in front, with small legs back, much like the crawfish, and instead of a Hat tail it termi nated in a sharp point, more like the tail of a wasp. When tlu- boys would plague it, by using a stick and never the fingers, it would rear up like a 1m ire old crawfish and throw up its pinchers in a threatening manner, whirl on his back, and dart from this black tail a sting fully three-fourths of an inch in length, black as jet, and as keen as a needle. Another peculiar trait this monster had was that its movements were as quick as a Hash. This was the. only creature of this kind I ever saw, and I confess I was not particularly struck with the idea of trying to tame it as a pet. It was late Saturday night when the division all got on top of the mountain, and Sunday morning early we got orders to march, and away we go for TOBACCO-CHEWING WOMEN. 221 the river, some thirty miles distant. The natives had heard of the army being up on the mountain and near them, SO, dressed in their hest, they came up and stationed themselves alonjr the roadside to o see the Yankees pass. Xot a man was among them, nothing but women and ehildren big, lit tle, old and young a few colored, but nearly all white. The HOHIKJ /dtlicx who were the better dressed ones, wore striped eotton dresses that buttoned up in front with brass buttons, and 1 will stake my reputation as a soldier that not one of them had ever seen a corset or hoop-skirt. Nearly all wore sun bonnets, while a few wore u scoops." Kvery once in a while one of them would call out, u How are you, Yanks?" and such a smile, while their under jaws were playing perpetual motion on u long green." If one of the boys happened to pass near them they never failed to ask, u Can t ye gim me some terbackey ? " It was claimed that some of the hoys deserted while along here, hut I don t think it was any of the Sixth Indiana. But on we go, il<nr-H, /lotrn a long ridge, and I thought it was the longest ridge I ever saw. high and dry, and very steep on both sides. And while we had had plenty of good water until we struck this mountain, up here we simply had none, and it seemed to me that "hot" was no name for it: and then another thing, the further we went the faster we marched. We stopped a tew minutes about noon for coffee, hut when we started again it was JL 2 HISTORY OF Till; -I \ I H KK< il.MKN l . simply tin- worst case of hot and fast marchiiiir that ever struck the old Sixth during our three years service. About 2 o clock the boys began to fall out, exhausted, that s all, while now and then we would pass sonic poor fellow stretched upon the ground and two or three of his comrades^ fanning him, while another was bathing his head with the remnant of warm water left in his can teen. Hundreds could be seen seated by the road side, pah- and sick, using their hats for a fan, while not a few were vomiting. I want to say, upon the honor of a man, that this matter is not colored; it is the plain, simple truth, and 1 refer to every man of our regiment to verity what I have said. Why we should have been put upon such a forced march under the existing circumstances, was then, and is to this day a mystery to me, and the officer who was guilty of this outrage upon common decency and humanity, be he high or low, deserves the everlasting contempt and hatred of the victims of his cruelty. There can be no rea sonable excuse given for this lack of discretion and cruelty, for we reached the river and went into camp before night. The boys will remember that when we struck the main road running up and down the river, that we turned up the river toward Stevenson, and went only a short distance until we struck a small stream, which we went up only three or four hundred yards and went into camp. The boys will also remember that the ori gin or source of this little stream was a larg* IJRACrG EVACTATKS CHATTANOOGA. 22o spring, which boiled ii} near the center of a little piece of bottom land, while it was entirely level all around it. They will remember that we could walk all around the spring except where it run off down and formed the stream, which was twenty or thirty feet wide, and perhaps two feet deep, and very clear and cold. It would have been better if we should have been until 10 o clock at night in making the trip, if water was the object, and there seems to have been none other. We moved from this camp the next morning after an early breakfast, going down the river until we reached the ferry, and here we crossed the Tennessee and struck out to take a part in the campaign which resulted in the battle of Chick- amanga. After we crossed the river we struck out toward Sand Mountain and over it into Wills 1 Valley. From here we moved into and seized Winston s Gap. We were now about twenty-live miles from where we had crossed the river. It was here that McCook succeeded in concentrating his corps, and he was notified that Bragg was evacuating Chattanooga, and was also ordered to move rapidly upon Alpine and Hummerville in pursuit, to intercept his line of retreat and to at tack on his Hank. But when McCook got to Al pine he discovered- that Bragg had not retreated very far. lie also made the discovery that he was in rather a dangerous position, and instead ot attacking Bragg s Hank he found that Bragg s whole armv was in his immediate front and was 1 > 24 IHSTOKY OK T1IK SIXTH KK< . I M KNT. likely to attack him at any time. But we re mained here all next day waiting tor orders and reinforcements, although McCook took the pro- caution to send his wagon train to the roar. In the meanwhile Rosecrans determined that Bragg was concentrating his army at Lafayette with a view of giving battle. He at once gave orders tor the concentration of his three corps. This order brought us back from Alpine to a more convenient road over Lookout Mountain. Rapid marching brought us to the east side of the mountain, where we went into camp for the night. The next morn ing was the iSth of September, and I doubt if any of the boys have forgotten the sight that presented it self down in the Chickamauga Valley. It seemed to me that we could see twelve or Hfteen miles, and every way we looked we could see clouds of dust raising from every available road leading into the valley. The railroad trains were also un loading troops by the thousands. Bragg was con centrating a vast army to give us battle. Bragg s right was at Loo fc Gordon s mills, while his lott was at Lafayette, his line running along the east bank of Chickamauga Creek. Hero he awaited what hi saw was coming, an attack from the Fed eral army. We marched rapidly along up tin- mountain a short distance quite early in the morn ing, and about S o clock we struck down its east ern slope, in the direction of Crawfish Springs. Xear the foot of the mountain we struck a road which seemed to run parallel with the mountain WE MOVE TOWARD CRAWFISH H>RIN(,s. 22") and between it and Chiekamauga Creek. Here we tu mod to tho loft and wont down tho vallov toward Crawfish Springs. Throughout tho whole day, and just to our right on tho other side of the creek or vallov, tho rebels oould bo seen pulling out like ourselves in the same, direction. The pickets thrown out to i^uard our right Hank would every now and then run into a line of rebel pickets who were watching every possible crossing or bridge over the Chickamauga Creek. Xight over took us and wo went into camp up near the side of the mountain. The Sixth Indiana wont on picket. We were sent out toward the creek, and all the night through we could hear the rebel wagons and artillery rattle as they moved down the valley. Nothing occurred worthy of note 1 that- night, and early next morning, after a hasty break fast, we struck out down the valley again on the l!>th toward Crawfish Springs, only a short dis tance ahead, and arrived at that place at about J> o clock A. AI. WQ stopped here just long enough to fill our canteens, and pushed on a short distance beyond and halted to await orders. There was not even a private in the ranks who did not realize the fact that we had a big contract on our hands. We all thought that Bragg s army was as large as our own and possessed many ad vantages we did not have. But wo had crossed the Rubicon and must tight, and did fight an army of 70,000 of as well drilled and equipped men as 15 22H HISTORY OF THK SIXTH HE(iIMKN"I. ouv own witli an army of ~>~>,000, and with this difference in their favor: They were fresh and rested ami at home, while we were nearly worn out with long, hard marching and were many miles from home. CHAPTER XiV. THE BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. Bragg makes a rush for the Kossville road Rosecrans holds it all the same Our Division constantly moving to the left Most desperate fighting Baird overpowered and crushed We rush to the rescue and save the day The enemy comes again and we give way Jeff. C. Davis comes to our rescue We reform, fall in with Davis, and send the enemy whirling to the rear We throw out pickets and stack arms An unexpected charge of the enemy Colonel Baldwin killed We repulse the enemy but fall back A narrow escape from capture The brave con duct of the Sixth Indiana A half mile to the rear we rest for the night The result of the first day in our favor We con struct defenses early next morning The rebels attack us about 8 o clock Desperate and repeated charges We " hold the fort" until about 6 i>. M. Then, under orders, we fall back in good order One officer wounded as we fall back Co). Tripp wounded at the front We fall back to Rossville that night We throw up works and await the enemy The enemy fail to attack We fall back into Chattanooga The results of the battle. Bragg a first and grand plan in this battle 1 was to crush GUI- loft and seixo the road to Chattanooga by way of Kossville. With this idea in view, lie kept massing his troops on his right until as early in the day as 10 o clock, on the morning of the 19th, his left was but very little south of Lee <fe Gordon s Mills. It will ho remembered that Mc- Gook s corps had halted at and around Crawfish 228 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RK<;IMEXT. Springs, while Lee A: (iordeifs Mills were still away to our left. This condition placed us with practically no enemy in our front except cavalry as guards. Rosecrans. knowing the importance of holding the Kossville road, had sent Thomas still to the left of Crittenden, with orders to hold this road under all circumstances, and that he should he backed by the whole army if it became neces sary, and sure enough it did soon become necessarv, and that, too, fully as soon as it was expected, for shortly after 10 o clock, McCook received orders to send .Johnson s Division (which was ours), to the left to report to General Thomas. The bovs will remember how rapidly we went up the road wh.-re our left was being forced back. The rebels had overpowered and had almost crushed (ieiieral Baird s Division, which was passing to the rear. Our division arrived just in time- to be thrown into the breach, and to save a stampede. We were double (|uicked until after we had passed all of Baird s troops, then halted, formed in line of bat tle, and started to meet the victorious rebels, who, with the same old Stone River /< (/. doubled up and came at us like so manv demons. These were the rebel General Walker s troops, hut thev were re pulsed and driven back in confusion on their orig inal line; but Cheat ham, who was on reserve, was brought up to reinforce Walker, and the combina tion was too heavy for us, and we fell back. Thi* force struck our division first, and came with vastly superior numbers* (General Davis took our place ROSECRANS HOLDS THK ROSSVII.LK ROAD. 2 2 { .) (Mi the line and checked the rebels, and our line was re-formed, and again we moved to the front, and. after most desperate fighting, drove the en emy hack to their original line again. General R. \V. Johnson himself savs in regard to this last eontiiet that. " My division drove the enemy at least a mile and a half, and captured seven pieces of artillery," while General McCook Bays of us that General Johnson s division fought near the extreme left of the line. It fought glo riously, driving the enemy for more than a mile, capturing seven of the enemy s guns and a large number of prisoners." The old Sixtli can testify as to one fact to a moral certainty, and that is, it was a most desperate and hotly contested conflict. But as General Johnson says: "My glorious old division acquitted itself with great credit, and its honorable part in this battle Avas the cause of many compliments from almost every general offi cer in the battle. * This engagement took place, I think, about two o clock in the afternoon. We were ordered back a short distance, formed in line of battle near the 1 front line, where we stacked arms and broke ranks to rest. Of course a heavy skirmish line was placed out in front to watch the 1 enemy. I must say that it was not a very pleasant place to rest, for while the wounded had been carried to the roar, the dead of both sides were all around us yet uncared for. To give an idea of the number killed on this occasion, 1 will sav that I stood in one spot and counted L> in HISTORY OF THK SIXTH RI:<;IMKNT. iirtv-tive dead, some dressed in gray and s< wearing the blue, ami I hart- no doubt tliat l>nt for the heavy tiniher and brush, logs, etc., I could have seen many others from the same standpoint. The hoys lay around here munching crackers and bacon, and wondering what had heroine of the rebels in our front, on up until the shades of night had begun to settle down upon us; in fact we had began to Hatter ourselves that the fighting for the day was over, when, all of a sudden, a volley was tired into our pickets, which sent them whirling hack into our ranks without tiring a shot at the advancing enemy, who, with a demoniacal yell, was pursuing them with several heavily massed columns in close order, on a rapid run. The com mand, 4% Fall in !" went up the line by us like a meteor, and I think was repeated by every ofhYer along the line, and like a tiger springing upon its prey, so every soldier sprang for his musket, and in less time than it takes to tell it, a shower of leaden hail was being belched into their very faces, dealing out death and destruction in a most ter rible mam er. Still, on came the exultant rebels; yell after yell sounded through the woods in a most threatening manner, which would have put to flight any but the most courageous, brave and well -trained soldiers. On they come, in the very face of tire and lead, until they strike the right of our regiment, and yet not a man of the old Sixth had given back an inch, but when too close to load and tire, the rebels AN UNEXPECTED CHARGE OF THE ENEMY. 231 were clubbed ovr the head and checked for the moment, while, instinctively, both sides recoiled a few steps without breaking the lines, and with that cool, deliberate determination and reckless ness which characterizes all soldiers after breath ing an atmosphere strongly impregnated with powder-smoke, these deadly foes practiced the art of loading and tiring in a manner that I believe was never surpassed on any battle field during the rebellion. This, of course, could not last long one side or the other must give way but the old Sixth stood her ground, she did not give back. A better example of courage and bravery could not be shown by any soldiers than the action of the Sixth Indiana on this occasion. The rapid load ing and tiring, the cool, deliberate aim at the very eye of the rebels, which was plainly visible by the light of their own guns, was the target for our boys. A few moments of such work was enough for the enemy, who had come with such a rush and yell. They waver, they fall back step by step, their shots become fewer and scattering, their ranks are being broken, they turn their hack, to their foe and fly for their lives from the deadly missiles which are still being sent after them. u Cease firing! is heard above the roar of the musketry, and the conflict is over, and we are in stantly enveloped in midnight darkness. What a sensation ! What a change! Only a moment ago the stream of fire constantly pouring from both lines of musketry, only a few feet apart, made the HI-TOI:Y <>|- THK M.XTH \v<>o<ls as hriii ht as tlic noonday sun. Tin- next instant, like tlir Hash of a meteor, all is yone. and we are left in utter darkness. Yes. indeed, what a sensation ! And, to render our situation still more disagreeable, imagine, if yon can, while standing here in this darkness, listening to the screams and groans of onr wounded comrades, hurried word is hrou^ht to ns that onr troops, hoth on our riii ht and left, had heen repulsed and foreed hack over a quarter of a mile, leaving n> isolated, and. if not out ot the way in ten minutes time, we would all he prisoners. This excitement spread through the regiment like the alarm ot tire iii a town or city, when to add still more to our confusion, a Pennsylvania regiment, which I suppose had heen sent hack to look after us, came to the top of a little raise just hack of us some sixty or seventy yards, and in the darkness and confusion mistook us for the enemy and tired a volley at us. But, fortunately for us. our cool, level-headed Colonel Tripp, took in the situa tion in a moment, and notitied the reir iment that this tiriiiii was hy our own men. and immediately rode to the rear and told the Pennsylvania hovs of their mistake, and they with our own regiment passed rapidly to the rear, and just in time too to save ourselves from a trip down in Dixie I have heen told hy .John Volmer, a memher of my own company, who was wounded and left on the tield and who was captured hy the enemy and went the rounds through the rehel prison*, hut finally lived COLONEL BALDWIN KILLED. !>:>:; through it all and got honu , that the regiment had l)cen gone to the rear only a few minutes when the rebels, with fixed bayonets and in good order, came marching down the hill from just the way we had gone, and passed on over him, bark toward their own side. Mr. Volmer savs, when lie first heard them coming he thought it was our own men. but when one o! them gave him a kick and asked him it he was a wounded k Yank" he changed his mind. Our most serious loss in this engagement was the killing of Colonel 1*. I*. .Baldwin, of our regi ment, but who at the time was commanding our brigade. At the time the charge was made Col onel Baldwin was near the right of the regiment, dismounted and standing near his horse. His business, of course, was to look after, not our regi ment, but the brigade. He instantly mounted his horse and got the brigade in readiness for what seemed to be a most desperate conflict. His con fidence in the old Sixth in a case of emergency, as I suppose, brought him back near it, and just on its right where he had left the moment before. But by this time the rebels -were upon us, and he, as I suppose, concluded that a counter charge was the best way to meet the enemy, and immediately rode through our ranks and called on the Sixth e^ Indiana to follow him. This, of course, placed him between the two fires, which were only a few yards apart, and both him and his horse were killed instantly. The regiment, very sensibly, did 234 HISTORY or TIIK HXTII KEGIMKN T. not obey an order which never should have hern given, hut did just as they should have done: u Stand fast and give em ell!" In this ease it was a practical demonstration of the American idea the majority rult and, as usual, it proved to be right. I think the members of the old Sixth will all bear witness that Colonel Baldwin was a brave officer, of tine military bearing and a splendid dis ciplinarian, but it certainly was very rash in him to ride between the two tiring lines just at this time, as by so doing he lost his life, and if the reg iment had obeyed his command, in my opinion, it would have- proved the certain death of many of its members as well as its utter route, which would have resulted in a stampede. In my criticism- of Colonel Baldwin, I do not wish to he under stood as trying to reflect upon, his character and reputation as a brave, daring officer, but merely in this particular case, that under the excitement, his judgment was at fault. But the mistake cost the brave Colonel his life, as he died where he fell and he and his personal effects fell into the hands of the enemy. Colonel Baldwin had many warm friends in the regiment, and when the fact of his death was known, there was universal sorrow through out the regiment; and well there might be, for by his death the old Sixth lost one of its best friends, and the service a valuable officer. 1 have no apology to offer for once more speak ing of the actions of the Sixth Indiana in this BRAVE CONDTCT OF THE SIXTH. 235 particular engagement. While the quick and des perate charge of the enemy was no surprise, vet it was so sudden that the tendency was to confuse, or to produce disorder; and, then, the assault was made by many times our number, and, too, at a time when our arms were stacked, and the boys quietly resting. The enemy had every advantage of us, taking advantage, as they did, of the low, heavv woods over which the shades of night had quietly settled; just about that time in the evening when the tiger would slyly steal out from the jungle in search of his prey, and with all the ferocity and tieivenessof the tiger, bound upon us in an unsus pected moment. Their plans were complete, and would have been successful but for one thing that characteristic " rebel yell " or " Indian whoop, " gave them away, and proved to be the " quack " of the goose that saved the city of Rome. After the sound of this familiar warning reached our ears we had time to prepare for them. This charge of the enemy covered our division front, and while his advance was checked, it is also a fact that our entire line had been forced back near a quarter ot a mile, except our regiment and the Thirty-Second Indiana (Willich s old regiment), which joined us on the left. These two regiments alone of the en tire line had the staying qualities to stand their ground. The fighting qualities of the Thirty-Second In diana were not surpassed by any other regiment of the Armv of the Cumberland, and soldiers l!I-To|:y <>F Till; HXTH Ki. -IMKNT. throughout the State- of Indiana speak of it only to praise it: and yet the old Sixth, lien- in this hotly contested conflict, had a chance to measure her staying and fighting qualities along hy the side of Colonel \Villich s splendid regiment, and proved herself every hit its equal. Kvery ineinher of our regiment, from thr rank and tile 1 to its command ing officer, conducted himself as though the sue t-ess of our cause depended upon his own actions. The cool, yet hravc and deliberate conduct of Colonel Tripp in this engagement deserved and received universal praise of our entire regiment. Jlis conduct as a commanding officer, as displayed in this engagement, should have placed the stars upon his shoulders, and I douht not would have done so hut tor the misfortunes of the following day, of which I shall speak in the proper place. < >nr lines were re-formed ahoiit a half mile to the rear, and after placing a strong picket on the front, we rested tor the night on the field. The hattle of the 10th was a series of hrilliant charges and counter-charges, in favor of first one side and then the other. During the day our troops, at times broken and driven by the enemy, always promptly rallied and drove the rehels in disorder to their lines hy hrilliant and effective dashes, moving to the attack with vigor and determination. In the main the results of the day were in our favor. l>ut the hattle was not yet over. The Com manding Generals on hoth sides held councils of THE RKF>KLS ATTACK US. 26i war during the early part of the night, and all the after part of the night was used in re-forming the lines and making preparations for the terrible con flict, which must eonie oft to-morrow. We took our position on the line very early in the morning , and commenced the construction of temporary hreast-works of logs and rails, which under the shades of a heavy fog that hung over us during the morning, we succeeded in forming to such a good advantage that we were enabled to hold it, against the many desperate charges made on us on the second day of the battle. At about half past eight o clock, the rebel attack opened on our left with skirmish tiring. From this the attack he- came general all along the line; in our Front the skirmishers advanced only a respectable distance, if you please, until they halted to await their re serve, which was soon brought up; in a few mo ments we heard the i/c/f, and here they came, hut they too concluded to not venture up too close, hut stopped and took shelter behind trees, for a little while and then retreated. In about an hour thev had gathered new courage and fresh recruits, and here they came again. This time they yelled awfully, but still they did not scare us very much. The boys let them come as close as they thought was prudent, and then a few well directed volleys made them seek shelter again. In a few moments this squad went back after more recruits. This same thing was kept up at least once every hour through out the entire day, and there was only 2-*i8 HISTORY OF THJ: SIXTH REGIMENT. one rebel who ever <li<l succeed in reaching our works, and he got so close he was afraid to leave his tree to start back; the boys got to shooting at the tree, and it got too hot tor him, and he held his hat out to one side and waved it up and down and the Colonel stopped the shooting and called to him to come in, which he did as fast as his leifs could bring him. lie was a great, big six-footer and the best tickled man I ever saw. \Ve held this position until a late hour in the evening, when we received orders to retreat, or rather the order was to fall back a short distance to a new position, and, in fact, I thought this was just what we were to do, until I noticed we did not stop at the point designated. Then, and not till then, did I have- the least idea that we were leaving the field. We left the field in good order, and with no confusion whatever. In fact, there was not the slightest signs of fear, fright, or de moralization in the regiment. Still, 1 am ready to admit that the true condition of affairs was not known among the boys, neither am I prepared to say what a full knowledge of all the facts might have produced. The boys will please excuse me for noting a very amusing little thing that happened as we wciv falling back, and when we had if one only a short distance to the rear, Captain Rodai inel, of Com pany E, was lu-ard to hollow out at the top of his voice, and at the same time was seen to bound off through the briers like a Texas steer, holding one THIRTY-SECOND SENT TO HELP THE SIXTH. 239 hand behind liini. Some of the hoys run to see what could be done for him, for all knew he was shot ; and when asked where he was hit, between tears and groans lie said : a Oh ! my God, only think of it, I am shot in the ." A elose exam ination showed that a spent hall had hit him as lie claimed, hut had neither went through the clothing nor hroke the skin. But before we retreat too far, let us make a note of what was going on along other parts of the line, as well as observations among ourselves. The temporary breastworks, behind which we felt so se cure, consisted of three pine logs, two on the ground, close together, while the third one was placed on top of these, and made a defense of two ami a half or three feet high, according to the si/e of the logs. By getting down behind these logs, only our heads, or perhaps our heads and shoulders, would be exposed, and then I want to tell you that these logs are mighty good things to stop bullets. On one occasion, when they thought the charge on us was going to he more than we could stand, the Thirty-second Indiana was sent up to help us. They came up with a hound, and dropped down behind the works along with us. In a moment, their Colonel (Willich) came down the line, carry ing his hat in his hand (an old slouch wool hat). This old hat was rolled up in a long, club-like shape, and every once in a while he would hit a fellow a crack over the back with this club, and say: "Go in, boys, and give em hell." and \vas .al] the time cursing in Dutch. 240 HISTORY OF THE MX Til KKOIMKNT. Jonathan Burton, of my company, received an ugly wound, and was sent to the rear. I had no ticed that one fellow was a little cautious about getting his head too far above the logs. I picked up Burton s gun ami handed him. and said: " Here, give me your gun and load this one." I picked out my man and tired. As soon as he had loaded, we again changed guns. Again T selected my man and fired. We kept up this double work until the gun barrels got so hot that I thought 1 was in more danger than the man I was shooting at, ami then, if the other follow was not, I was getting about enough of it. At times, when everything would seem to be <juiet in our front, the roar of artillery and rattle of musketry, both on our right and left, was simply terrific, and at times our right would seem to be pressed back until the- rebels would be yelling away in our rear, while at the same time our loft would be driven back until I thought sure the Kossville road was gone. Our line of battle at one time was just in the shape of a letter V, with our own division at the apex. dust at this crisis I remarked to our Major. ( . 1). Campbell, that our situation was a vorv dan gerous one. " Yes," he said, a it is good fighting all around us." While engaged in this convoca tion we both instinctively turned and stalled to ward Colonel Tripp. who was some thirty steps distant. We had gone only a few steps when a volley from the approaching rebels on our trout. tired at our picket line, caused us to go at once t COLONEL TRIP! WOUNDKD AT THE FRONT. 241 our post of duty. In a minute I looked back, and saw the boys gathering around Colonel Tripp, who was prostrated on the ground. I knew lie was wounded, and went to his assistance as soon as I could leave my post. Major Campbell at once ordered a detail, and lie was sent to the rear. The wound was very severe and painful a hall had shattered his leg below the knee. The hrave colonel refused to have his limb amputated, and in time he recovered so as to he sent to his home at North Yernon, and although he lived until the 12th day of Fehruary, 1891, he suffered untold misery on account of the imperfect healing of this wounded limb. But his suffering is over, he has gone to rest. Kind hearted, yet courageous and hrave; loyal to his country, for which he suffered and died, our brave comrade has gone to rest ! After the death of Colonel Baldwin, Colonel W. W. Berry, of the Fifth Kentucky, was placed in command of the brigade, and he ,was in command when we were forced to surrender the field on the evening of the 20th of September. \Ve fell back square to the rear until we reached the summit of Mission "Ridge. By this time the shades of night had again settled down over us, and the stars wen* shining brightly. I happened at the time to be standing near Colonel Berry, when an officer on horseback came rapidly riding up and asked the Colonel if he was the officer in command of the brigade. When the Colonel answered that he was, this officer turned and pointed, as I then supposed, 16 242 III>TOI:Y OF TIIK >IXTH I:K<.IMKVI . nearlv north, and said: !)<> you see that star 1 1 looked myself and saw a brilliant star in the di rection he was pointing. Let your general eourse be toward that star; move rapidly to the right along the ridge until you strike a road. You will take to the left on this road toward Rossville." lie then put the spurs to his horse and rode rap idly away, and the movement toward Rossville commenced, it was rough and rocky, ovej* logs and stones, up hill and down, through brush and timber for, as well as I can guess now. about two miles. But weary, worn, tired and hungry, we sullenly dragged ourselves along, feeling a shame and disgrace that had never been experienced by the old Sixth before. \Vefelt mortified, and while not a word was said, all knew that we were whipped mid weiv retreating from the field. This was new medicine to us, although we had made the " Johnnies" take it many a time. But I will say to the reader that it was bitter, and did not go down verv well. The Sixth Indiana boys did not like it, .and. I am proud to say, never did take an other dose of it during their service as soldiers. . But we strike the Rossville road and turn to the left as directed, and soon reach the village, a little plaee named in honor of old John Ross, an Indian chief, \vhos>e home used to be in the Chickamauga Valley. Here we found plenty of good water and rations, and after a cup of cohYe we turned in t r the balance of the night. We were called up early the next morninu . and while at breakfast General THE MARCH TO CHATTANOOOA. l>4- > Rousseau, our old brigade commander, came up through our camp, and with both hands extended, was trying his best to shake hands with every man in the regiment, and it was simply wonderful how the very presence of this old hero revived and in spired a spirit of enthusiasm among the men. He was received all along the line with the most hearty greeting and cheers. After coffee, and receiving forty rounds of am munition, we again fell in ranks and took our [dace on the line. The whole day was used up in con structing rather substantial works, behind which we took position and waited and listened and ex pected to hear the familiar old rebel yell from the victorious enemy. The day passed away without the expected attack, and the night of the 21st closed down the curtain, leaving us once more en veloped in darkness. About this time we received orders to keep on all our accoutrements, and at the same time were put to building fires all along the line. This was kept up until about 10 o clock, or 11 o clock, perhaps, and then by the 1 light of those fires we started for Chattanooga. While the distance is only a few miles, yet it was after day light when we arrived in Chattanooga. The move ment of the army was so slow, owing to the crowded condition of the 1 road, that it was tiresome in the extreme. We would start off rapidly and move two or three hundred yards, and then stop short and perhaps stand there for ten minutes mav be fifteen or twenty minutes then spurt off 244 HISTORY OF THi; SIXTH KF.< i I.M KNT. airain for a short distance, thru another dead st<ji tor an indefinite time, and in this way we were kept on onr feet and under our load all night. I promised Joshua Chit wood, a member of my com pany, that I would carry his gun the balance ot the way to Chattanooga and never sav anvthing ahont it if hi would nicely cook and let me help him eat a chicken he stole on the way hack that night. Breakfast was a little late next morning, hut Joshua, myself and the chicken were all there; hut somehow the chicken did not hold out quite as well as Josh and I did, although it was a good one. Still Josh and I did not tind anv fault with it. and called it an even deal. After hreakfast and a little rest the bugle once more sounded the fall in. This was only for the purpose of getting what was left of us up to gether where we belonged. The different brigades and divisions had been not only badly shattered, but badly scattered. These different parts were brought together, suitable camping grounds se lected, and once more we were ordered to "put up tents." "Now that the great battle is over and we have calmly settled down to rest and ponder over the results, let us, if we can. count the cost ot life, also the misery and pain and suffering this terri ble conflict has brought about : Cohmel 1*. 1*. Baldwin was killed on the Utli ot September at the battle of Chiekamauga. TIIK KKSTLTS OK THK MATTLK. 245 Captain Samuel Russell was killed on the 10th of September at Chiekamauga. Lieutenant-Colonel IL Tripp was wounded on the 20th of September at Chiekamauga. The above are the only recorded casualties of our regiment among the officers. If there were others they arc not recorded and I have no way of finding it out. Among the rank and file there were men killed in Company A. Sergt. Alexander Joyce, September 19. Michael Connelly, September 19. George W. Uowlinson, September 20. Buell E. Spicer, September II). 13. Xone killed in this company. C. George W. Mounts, September 1!). James L. Jieynolds, September 20. I). Enoch McFaden, September 20. E. Josiah Graham, September 20. Charles Palmer, September li*. F. None killed in this company. G. Samuel Miner, September 20. William Powell, September 20. H. Jacob Lacy, September 19. I. Stephen Clapp, September 111. Lewis Gloyd, September ID. Ira Gordon, September 19. William E. Griffith, September 19. K. John W. Arbnckle, September 19. Tli is makes a total of seventeen men and two officers killed at the battle of Chiekamauga. 24<> HISTORY UK TIIK >!\TII HKMMKNT. There were no otHcers wounded at the battle ot Chiekamanga except Colonel Tripp. as already stated. Among the rank and tile there was wounded in Company A. None reported wounded. I). Script. John T. Patterson, died January !>. 64. Thomas B. Monroe, wounded. C. Xone reported \vonnde(l. I). "William Brush. September Id , Owen 1*. Scarf, September 1^0. John Bteele, September 20 ; died December 13. E. Levi Meads. September 20. William Perkins, St>pU>niler "2d (ieoro-e \V. Tolson, September ^0. F. Oliver II. P. Khoads. Scptemhcr 20. Solomon K. Ames. Septemhei- ^0. (-J. John Anderson, September 19. Lafayette Camphell, September 1 ( J. Jarvy Hammon, September 10. George \V. Parvis. September ^0. James \V. Parr, September 20. Robert Palmer. September 19. Tlios. Smith. September 19; died September 26. lS6:-5. John F. Pond, died Febniary 19, 1*< 4. at Nasbville. II. lames Chandler, September 19 ; died October 1, 1863. William H. Johnson. September "Jo. George \V. Smith, Sej>tcmbci- 20. I. None I ejiorted woinnled. THE RKSULTS OF THE 15ATTLH. 247 K. Jonathan Burton, September 20. Albion Jackson, September 20. Peter Snyder, September 20; died October 11, .lolin Volmer, Se])teinber 19; captured. This makes a total of twenty-live men and one officer wounded at Chiekamauga. Tliei e was captured enlisted men from Com pany A. Samuel M. Storms; captured and died in An- dersonvillc prison, September 1(3, 1864. Scott Davis, captured September 20. Lewis C. Lame, captured September 20. Frederick A. Thomas, captured September 20. John McCarty", captured and died in Andcr- sonville prison, November (3, 1864. Thomas J. Todd, captured and died in Ander son vi lie prison, August 24, 1804. B. Thomas B. Monroe, captured ; died in prison at Danville, Va., December ID, 18U4. Danic l Rowdebusb, captured; died in Andcr- sonville Prison, August 20, 18<>4. Walter S. Twaddle, captured. C. James Foreman, captured September 1!>. Edward McEvenue, captured September 1!. Lott Calbert, captured September 19. D. John AV. Allen, captured September 1! . Charles 11. Clark, cajttured September 19. James Du/an, captui ed; died in Anderson- ville Prison, July 1<>, 18(>4. flames Donaliew, captured and exchanged. 1^1 - N HISTORY or nil-; >I\TH !;!:< il.MKVI . \). Albert <;. Land, captured Si-pt-mher 19. I leivules McGinnis, captured September 1!>. Carl A. Ramspot, captured September 1!>. August Schroerlucke, captured September 1{). John \*. Haynes, captured September 20. i Benjamin K. White, captured; died in Iiic-li- uiond. Va. K. Tlie record shows HOIK- raptured in this com pany. F. William Xoeton, eaj>tnred September 20. (^wen cTones, captured September ^0. G. C n-ei o Rowe, captured ; died in prison at Dan ville. Va., February 18, 18U4. II. Xone captured in this company. I. Henry II. Chance, captured September 25. Samuel Miller, captured September :2">. 1 >avid I). Patterson, captured September ^5. Richard A. Conner, captured September 25. K. None, except wounded, captured in this com- This makes a total captured at the battle of Chickamauga, not accounted for as wounded and then captured, of 2!> men : and our total loss at the battle of Chickamauga, of the killed, wounded and captured, would be : Officers killed 2 Enlisted men killed 17 Total 19 mi; i-jEsri/rs OF TIII-: UATTLE. iMu Officers wounded 1 Knlisted men wounded 25 Total 2(3 Enlisted iiK ii captured 9 Making a total loss to tlie regiment of 74 General II. M. Cist says of this battle: U A11 things considered, the hattle of Cbiekamauga, for the forces engaged, was the hardest fought and the bloodiest hattle of the rebellion. Hindinan, who fought our right at Horseshoe Ridge, says in his official report that he had never known Fed eral troops to tight so well, and that he never saw Confederate soldiers tight better. " The largest number of troops Rosecrans had of all arms on the field during the two days tight- ing was 55,000 effective men. AVhile the return of the Army of the Cumberland for September 20, 1863, shows (>7,54S present for duty, equipped, still, taking out the troops guarding important points within the department, the actual force was reduced to the tigures just given. Rosecrans losses aggregated: Killed, l.t>87: wounded, 9,394; missing, 5,255: making a total loss of 10,33(3. " Bragg, during the battle, when his entire five corps were engaged, had about 70,000 effective troops in line. His losses, in part estimated, were 2,673 killed, 16,274 wounded, and 2,003 missing, making a total of 20,950. "A full report of the rebel losses was never 250 III-TOKY r nn: >IXTH made. To the I lii iiiy. the results of tin- cn^aLiv- ment proved a victory barren of any lasting bene- tits, and produced no adequate results to the im mense drain on tlic resources of liis army. In a number of places Bragg s ofHeial report shows that his armv was so crippled that he was not able to strengthen one portion of his line, when needed, with troops from another part of the field, and alter the conflict was over his army was so cut up that it was impossible for him to follow up his apparent success and secure possession ot the ob jective point of the campaign Chattanooga. This great gateway of the mountains remaining in pos session of the Army of the Cumberland, after Bra" " had paid the heavy price he did at Cliicka- mauii a. proves that his battle was a victory only in name, and a careful examination of the results and their cost will show how exceedingly small it was to the enemy/ I might add decidedly to the interest of this lit tle work by giving further comments, from differ ent authors, as to the cause of our disaster, etc.; also, who was to blame, and how the- mistake mi&rlit have heen corrected if the commanding general had used the proper judgment and dis-" played the staying qualities of (leneral Thomas, but I must refer the reader to larger works for this information, and confine myself to the ob ject of this work, and that is to prepare in a con venient form a small book, in which shall appear the name of every member of the Sixth Indiana THI-; KKsri/rs OF TIII: BATTLE. 251 Volunteers, showing his record as a soldier from the date of liis enlistment to tin 1 dose of liis ser vice. Such a hook will bo a nice keepsake, not only for the old comrades themselves, hut for their sons and daughters, as well as the friends of the soldier. CHAPTER XV. THE SIE(;E OF CHATTANOOGA. Our supplies cut off Men starved to walking shadows Thousands of horses and mules die Bragg sure of an easy victory Gen eral Kosecrans relieved Grant takes command The capture of Brown s Ferry- Plenty of rations come pouring in Plans for the Battle of Chattanooga The problem changed Sher man is coming Tbe rebel President visits Chattanooga The Union army reorganized. Tin- fortifications left by General Brai^r were speedily strengthened by General Roseerans, who. however, made no effort to bold Lookout Moun tain or the river below Chattanooga. His aim was to bold his bridges at tbe town and present strong lines to tbe enemy. For a few davs Gen eral I>ra<r<r threatened to attack, but soon posted his forces to besiege and starve tbe armv wbirb lie bad failed to overwhelm in battle. His lines ex tended from tbe river below to tbe river above us, oi in the form of a borse sboe, witb botb points resting on tbe river. Tins left us in a sbape that we could neither <jet up or down tbe river. To tbe rear, tbe only road tbat was open, was over the rough bills, then down through Sequatchie Valley to Bridgeport, a distance of sixty miles, and everything in tbe wav of supplies bad to be OUR SUPPLIES CUT OFF. hauled over these roads. To supply an army of forty thousand was a great undertaking even in good weather, Imt with the rainy season that soon set in, and the incessant hauling, wearing out the mules, the daily rations for the army were con stantly growing less and less, and on the 1st day of October General Longstreet crossed the Ten nessee and made a dash on our trains and captured a large number of wagons loaded with rations for our army. lie burned over three hundred wagons and killed a large numher of animals. This loss in wagons, with the roads becoming almost im passable by reason of the heavy rains and the growing weakness of the animals, lessened daily the amount of supplies brought into the town, so that our troops were suffering for food, and were in danger of being starved out of Chattanooga. This was what Bragg was quietly waiting for. To supply an army some forty thousand strong by wagon transportation, over rough mountain roads a distance of sixty miles, Bragg knew was an impossibility, and that unless other lines were Opened up the evacuation of the place was only a question of time. As the forage became reduced the artillery horses, for which there was no im mediate need, had their rations cut off, and they died in large numbers, starved to death. The sup plies became so short that parts of crackers and corn, dropped in handling the packages, were eagerly seized and eaten, to stay the demands of _>;>4 HISTORY OK TIN. H\TH REGIMENT. hunger; and still tin- pressure was growing daily, and no one knew how it would ultimately end. However, not for an instant was the idea enter tained of abandoning the town. The Army of the Cumberland had won Chattanooga, and there they proposed remaining. I have heard of men starv ing to death under various circumstances, and have even tried to picture in my imagination the pale, thin, death-like features of the victim as some horrihle story of shipwrecked unfortunates have heen portrayed to my mind. But it was left for me to see, during the siege at Chattanooga, the poor hoys of my own company starved into walking skeletons pale, thin-faced. sickly looking men, so weak that they would stag ger as tliev walked detailed for duty, and that, too, when they could scarcely stand steady on their feet. I used to take a basket and go down in town and buy anything I could find for sale in the way of food, regardless of pi-ice, and distribute among those most needy. When we tirst went into camp in Chattanooga, we had some bacon. On all this bacon the skin is as hard as raw-hide leather. This is trimmed otf and thrown away. One day I saw one of the hoys with a sharpened stick picking around among the camp sweeping- back of the tents, and I asked him what he was hunting for. He said, " \Vhen the boys had meat thev used to throw the skins back there, and I am trying to tind a mess." Not only he, but others, would hunt these meat skins, wash and chew them THOUSANDS OF HOUSES AND MULES DIE. 2.~if> as a sweet morsel. The old Sixth will always re member Chattanooga. Many of the hoys had the scurvy, while the foundation for many other dis eases was laid while in camp here at Chattanooga. J>ut this condition ot affairs could not last long. Our condition had simply become critical, desper ate ! Something must be done, and that quickly, its the Army of the Cumberland had a more to be dreaded enemy to contend with than the rebels, who had us nearly surrounded. Feed for the artillery horse and mule teams was entirely exhausted, and they were led down under the river bank while still able to walk, and there allowed to die or be killed by the thousands. The men had also become too weak to do duty, and were in a condition to become an easy prey for any serious disorders or contagious diseases that might attack the army. lie re again is another case where the patience and power of endurance ot the soldier was exemplified. The Sixth boys bore their share of these trials and hardships like heroes, never for a moment doubting the ability of the noble old commander who saved the 1 day at Chickamaiiga, and who was now our commander- in chief, to develop and mature some plan which would eventually deliver us from this desperate condition. This condition of things developed the 1 plans for the capture of Brown s Ferry, which were not only planned but just ready to be executed by the _ "> HlsT>i;y OK TIM: SIXTH KKuIMKNT. ;iiiin<>r of them, General Roaecrans, when In- un relieved of his command. General Cist says: " On RoBecrans ivturn from a visit to Brown s Ferry on the l!>th of Octoher. where lie had heen witli \V. F. Smith, his chief engineer, making /"> plans for hr niging supplies to that point, he found the order awaiting him relieving him of his command. Quietly making his preparations for his departure that night over tin- mountains to Stevenson, he wrote out his t aiv- well order, to he printed and issued the next day, and without even bidding his staff goo<l-hv, plaeed Thomas in command and started for his home in Cincinnati. u When it was known that Rosecrans had heen relieved, and that he had left the army for tin- North, there was universal regret that the troops that had loved and trusted him should no longer follow his skillful leadership. Every soldier in his army felt that he had a personal friend in "Old Kosy." < hie. of (Jrant s first acts on taking command was to telegraph Thomas to hold Chattanooga at all hazards. The commander, who had seen his troops on less than half rations for nearly a month, with steadily approaching sii^ns <f starva tion, hardly needed an intimation that what had heen gained hy the sacrifice <>n Chiekamauga s field was not to he yielded up without a struggle. Thomas replied : We will hold the town till we starve. (iKANT TAKES COMMAND. 257 " On the 24th of October, Grant, in company with Thomas and W. F. Smith, made a personal inspec tion across the river of the situation with refer ence to carrying out the plan of Rosecrans, for the opening of the road by Brown s Ferry, and, ap proving of it, Thomas was directed to proceed to execute it." General Thomas says that preliminary steps had already been taken to execute this vitally im portant movement before the command of the De partment devolved on him. We have but one motive in making these quota tions, and that is to show that the " plan " for the capture ot Brown s Ferry, for the purpose of open ing up a line by which the army could be supplied with the rations which they so badly needed, was the work of General Rosecrans, and had he re mained in command of the army ten days longer, it would have been executed. After all the preliminary arrangements had been made, Thomas placed Chief Engineer W. F. Smith, in charge of the expedition; and detached Tur- chin s and Hazen s brigades to do the work. Smith was directed to organize a picked force, armed from these brigades, to be divided in to fifty squads of twenty-four men each, under the command of an officer, who was to float down the river in pon toons that night, a distance by the bends of the river of some nine miles. While across Moccasin Point from the river above to the river .below is less than half that distance. The reader will 17 258 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. notice that this expedition down the river con sisted of about 1,500 men, and would require some fifty boats each carrying the twenty-four picked men, their commanding officer, with three or four non-commissioned officers. And my recollections now, are that ten of these boats were manned by the Sixth Indiana, the Company K, to which I belonged, furnished the men for one boat, which was placed under the command of First Lieuten ant G. B. Green. I can not now tell what officers of the regiment commanded the other boats, but each company of the regiment furnished an officer to command its own men. Moccasin Point is just in the shape of a horsc-slioe, with the toe running up to the point of Lookout Mountain, except just room to allow the Tennessee River to pass between the two ; and it was around this bend the boats had to pass, while the remnants of the regiments, which furnished the river force, closely followed by Turchin s brigade, went over the point, or, as it were, from heel to heel of the horse-shoe. Every thing ready, the first boats "let go, at just three o clock in the morning of the 27th, followed in quick succession by each of the others. The men were to lie down in the boats, and not a word to be spoken above a whisper, the boats were to hug the point as closely as possible and allowed to float perfectly quiet and without noise, and not a man moved, except the fellow who did the guiding of the boat and he lay flat down and used only a small paddle. The reader must understand that THE CAPTURE OF BROWN S FERRY. 259 the reason for such secrecy was that about a mile below the point we started from, we struck the rebel pickets, standing all along the bank of the river in speaking distance of each other; and the very first indication of our intentions would have alarmed the entire rebel line along the river and would have defeated the objects of the expedition. The rebels did see the boats as they passed along down, but seeing no men about them supposed them empty boats drifting with the current, and gave the matter no farther attention. A slight fog veiled the moon, and the boats glided noise lessly with the current. Early dawn found us near the designated point for landing and the fore most boat steered for the rebel side of the river, and as it neared the shore, the surprised rebel pickets fired a harmless volley and fled. In quick succession the boats landed and the men leaped upon the bank and ascended the adjacent hill to meet and drive back a small force that had hurried forward, in response to the warning volley. There was a sharp engagement for a moment, and all was over. The boats immediately brought over those who had come over the Point and we soon had a firm hold upon the hill. A heavy skirmish line was thrown out in front, while a detachment with axes went vigorously to work felling trees and constructing barricades and abatis. In two hours the defenses were such as to bid defiance to the enemy. This accomplished, the pontoon bridge was speedily thrown across the river, right in the 260 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KEGIMKNT. face of the enemy although they kept up a vigor ous cannonading from their batteries on the front of Lookout Mountain. The entire Union loss in this expedition was six killed, twenty-three wounded and nine missing. The Sixth had killed, in this engagement, Lieut. George B. Green, of Company K, and William J. Robertson, Company C, while John M. Curl, of Company E, was captured; also, Thomas O Xeil, of Company G, captured and died in Anderson- ville Prison, April 12, 18(34. The rebel loss was six captured, and six of their men were buried by our boys. But we also captured twenty beeves, six pontoons, and some two thousand bushels of corn. The beeves were slaughtered and issued to the boys, while the corn was divided among the horses and the boys, and once more we had a square meal, and as I never heard of any of them eating the pontoons, I suppose they were used for another purpose. After we got our lines thoroughly established we were ordered to go into regular camp, and did so over on the Brown s Ferry side of the river, but in a few days we were ordered back over to Chattanooga, and occupied our old camping ground again. Once more we take pleasure in scoring another victory for our grand old Sixth Regiment. This Brown s Ferry expedition was one full of danger. It was very hazardous, indeed. Tpon its success ful execution depended the welfare of the entire GENERAL SMITH S SELECTION. 261 army. Mistakes and blunders would bring 1 cer tain disaster and disgrace, not only upon us who were entrusted with its execution, but upon the Army of the Cumberland. All these things were fully discussed at headquarters, and General Smith was cautioned to select men and officers whom he ould depend upon. They should be brave, cour ageous and skillful. They should be tried vet erans. General Smith had the army to select from, and his choice was Colonel Baldwin s old brigade, consisting of the Sixth Indiana, First Ohio, Fifth Kentucky and Ninety-third Ohio, and General Turchin s Brigade, consisting entirely of Ohio vet eran troops. The regiments were the Eleventh, Thirty-sixth, Eighty-ninth and Ninety- second Ohio infantry. The Sixth Indiana boys will remember that Colonel Baldwin was our Brigade Commander up until he was killed at Chickamauga, on the 19th of September. Then Colonel W. W. Berry, of the Fifth Kentucky, or Louisville Legion, was placed in command. But for this expedition, General Hazen took command of our brigade. Here we have them one Indiana regiment (our dear old Sixth), one Kentucky regiment (our beloved sister, the dear old Legion), and two Ohio regiments. These old veteran regiments have assigned them a task, which, if successful, would not only add lau rels to their crown, but reflect credit and honor upon the whole army. History tells how well they did their work. And now, boys, being the 262 HISTORY OK THE SIXTH REGIMENT. only Indiana regiment selected to perform this hazardous task, should we not feel proud of it, and especially so when we remember our success? It might he well to note that the enemy did not pretend to recapture Brown s Ferry, and as many troops were thrown across the river at this ferry on the same day it was taken, we need not wonder that Bragg abandoned the idea as a hopeless task. "The problem of supplies was soon solved, and the question now was not how long should the Army of the Cumberland hold Chattanooga, but how long should the rebel banners be permitted to wave on Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge?" This change of problems had been produced by measures commenced by General Rosecrans, con tinued under General Thomas, elaborated by Gen eral Smith, and which, having been approved by General Grant, were executed by his authority. The loss of Lookout Valley, the river, and the direct roads to Bridgeport, virtually threw Bragg upon the defensive. But he still maintained his lines on Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, and through the intervening valley, in semblance of besieging effort, until the army with which lie had so often battled leaped from its intrenchments and hurled him and his oft-defeated army from their lofty battlements. For four weeks Chattanooga was the scene of the most comprehensive activities. In the rebound from the constraint of investing lines, the menace (IFNERAL SHERMAN IS OOMINCi. 263 of starvation and the foreshadows of direct dis aster, the Army of the Cumberland displayed new vigor and spirit, while the resources of the military division were made tributary to the concentration of forces to operate offensively. All the troops of the Army of the Cumberland that could be spared from the rear, especially cavalry and artillery, were ordered forward, and General Sherman, long be fore ordered to Chattanooga, but delayed hitherto by repairing roads, was directed to move the Fif teenth Corps as rapidly as possible, paying no fur ther attention to the roads than the swift move ment of his troops required. General W. F. Smith, Chief Engineer, and General Brannon, Chief of Artillery of the Army of the Cumberland, were charged with preparing the fortifications for heavier guns than those with the army. New pon toon bridges were built across the Tennessee, and the coming of troops, supplies and munitions, and the din of preparation for battle, known to be im minent, would have made Chattanooga historic without the clash of arms which soon electritied the continent, or the previous battle involved in gaining possession. Battlefields become a part of history equally with the story of the conflicts enacted upon them. They are mapped on stone and steel, and delineated in pen pictures, appear in historic narration, in in timate association with the deeds of heroes. Not alone do the topographical features, which suggest plans of battle and dominate tactical combinations, 2H4 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. become historic, but those also of mere grandeur and beauty. Whenever the hosts of war com mingle in deadly strife, where nature, has been lavish of her gifts, even the name of him who may, perchance, offer his humble cot for the tire of war to burn, or its enginery to level, has association on the historic page with him who commands an army; and in all that is grandly concomitant witli grandest battles, Chattanooga -is pre-eminent. The town is surrounded with almost all the types of the grand and beautiful in nature. Moun tains far and near, rising from water and plain, sharply defined by low valleys, and the river curving at their feet; subordinate hills, with rounded summits and undulating slopes, and broad plains delicately penciled here and there by wind ing creeks and rivulets, are the prominent fea tures of nature s amphitheatre, in the center of which is Chattanooga. Looking to the southwest, Lookout Mountain, with bold front and craggy crest, is seen rising ab ruptly from the river and the valleys on either side, to the height of one thousand four hundred and sixty-four feet above the beautiful Tennessee river, which rushes rapidly by its western base. To the west, Raccoon Mountain appears, trending from its river front far to the southwest, parallel with Lookout. To the north, Waldron s Ridge forms the sky line far to right and left. To east, Missionary Ridge, with indented summit, more humbly takes position, hiding the lofty ranges far REBEL PRESIDENT VISITS CHATTANOOGA. 265 beyond. To the south, the east and to the north east stretches the plain where the armies were marshaled for the assault of Bragg s army on Missionary Kidge, and to the southwest, twice across the river, lies the valley from which Hooker crept slyly up the mountain steeps, covered with trees and shrubs, standing and fallen, and with huge fragments of stone, which, during the ages, have dropped from the ledges overhanging the crest, to give battle on a field suited to the stealthy belligerence of the Indian, but adverse in every phase to the repetition of all the precedents of modern warfare. But this battle-field defies description, and lie who would fully appreciate either battle or field must read the story of the one as he looks down from Lookout Mountain upon the magnificence of the other. My dear old comrades of the Sixth, I fear we failed to fully appreciate the great beauty of this grand scenery when stationed there as soldiers, but of course we had something else to think of at that time, and while these scenes pass before my vision in grand review, I imagine that I can yet hear the rebel band on Missionary Ridge playing the "Bonny Blue Flag" or "Dixie." I can also, in my mind, imagine that I see old Bragg, as he stood beside the Confederate President on " Pulpit Rock," up on Lookout Mountain, as he looked down exultingly upon the beleaguered Yankee army and predicted its total ruin. But the foolish 26(5 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. old dotard failed to see the boiling volcano at liis feet, which was soon to hurst forth with such ter rible destruction to himself and his army of rebels. But the four weeks from the capture of Brown s Ferry to the storming of Missionary Ridge was a busy month for the Army of the Cumberland. The old Sixth Regiment was luxuriating on the bountiful supply of fresh army rations, taking just exercise enough to produce a good appetite. The boys were gaining strength every day, so that when the 25th of November came each man was himself again, and ready and eager for the fray. During our stay at Chattanooga some changes took place in the regiment worthy of note. Lieu tenant-Colonel Ilagerman Tripp was promoted to colonel of the regiment, while Major Calvin D. Campbell was promoted to lieutenant -colonel. William P. Dillon was promoted captain of Com pany D, to till the vacancy caused by the death of Captain Russell, who was killed at Chiekamauga. Lieutenant Charles C. Briant was promoted cap tain in Company K, while Lewis II. Hill was pro moted first lieutenant in Company K. After General Rosecrans was removed from the command of the Army of the Cumberland, Gen eral George H. Thomas was placed in command. He reorganized the army, and, consequently, the Sixth Indiana finds itself a part of the Fourth Army Corps, commanded by Major-General Gor don Granger, and in the Second Division, com manded by Brigadier-General T. J. Wood, and the THE UNION ARMY REORGANI/ED. 267 Second Brigade of this division, commanded by W. B. TIazen. Our brigade was now composed of the Sixth Indiana, Fiftli Kentucky, Sixth Ken tucky, Twenty-third Kentucky, First Ohio, Sixth Ohio, Forty-first Ohio, Ninety-third Ohio and One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio. CHAPTER XVI. THE BATTLE or CHATTANOOGA. Grant requested to remove non-combatants--November 23 we go out on Brigade drill We form line of battle and move to the front A bayonet charge captures the first line We halt and watch Hooker and Sherman We witness the fight above the clouds Our boys wild with enthusiasm The order to forward received with cheers We capture the line at the foot of the hill We capture Missionary Ridge without orders Behold the demoralized rebels running General Wood make? us a speech Our boy* again wild with joy The results of the battle Comments on the battle. On the 20th of November General Bragg noti fied General Grant to remove all non-combatants from Chattanooga. This notice Grant interpreted as an intention on the part of Bragg to withdraw his forces from our front, and directed Thomas to order a reconnoissance in front of Chattanooga that General Bragg might not withdraw his army in quietness, if such was his intention. Under the general direction, to ascertain the truth or falsity of the report of Bragg s retreat, General Thomas organized a movement, which, in expression and unexpected issue, was a suitable prelude to the grand battle of which it constituted the initial ag gression. The enemy s first line of pickets rested a short distance east of the Western & Atlantic Kailroad WE GO OUT ON BRIGADE DRILL. 269 passing in front of the hill which was crowned with Fort Wood, a fortification of marked eleva tion and strength. Between this fort and the railroad the ground at first descends abruptly, but soon gently and smoothly, and blending with the slopes of other hills forms a broad area, suited for the review of an army or its formation for actual battle. Upon this space, about noon on the 23d, several divisions formed in line of battle in plain view from all the commanding positions held by the enemy. Thomas directed General Granger to throw for ward one division of his corps, supported ^ by another, in the direction of Orchard Knob, to dis cover the position of the enemy, if he still remain in the vicinity of his old camp. The boys of the Sixth Indiana will remember that we thought we were only out for the purpose of brigade drill. Our division (General Wood s) was designated to lead first, and it deployed before the fort. Then General Sheridan s moved to the right of General Wood. General Howard s corps formed in mass in rear of these two divisions, etc. These movements were regarded by the enemy as indicating the extension of our lines to obtain fuel, or as a mere pageant, and he made no special preparation to resist them. Orchard Knob, in the direction of which the movement was ordered, is situated half way from Chattanooga to Missionary Ridge. It rises ab ruptly to a considerable elevation above the plain. 270 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. Between it and the lines of our troops the ground is low, and being at the time covered in part with trees and brushes, was favorable for the conceal ment of defenses and forces. Along the western base of Orchard Knob, as also over its rocky sum mit, and for a half mile to the southwest, the enemy had barricades of logs and stones. In front of these, which were for the grand guards, were defenses for the picket reserves. At about 2 P. M. General Wood moved rapidly forward, with Ilazen s brigade on the right. Wil- lich s on the left, and Beatty s in reserve. If the boys of the Sixth had not changed their minds as to our being out only tor the purpose of drilling, before, they certainly did when this movement commenced, for it attracted the attention of both armies, and in its developments revealed to each the nearness of a general battle, and if General Bragg had previously fancied that his position was so strong as to preclude attack, he now had cause to apprehend that the trial of its strength was at hand. And it was soon evident to our commanders that the enemy was still in position, and that his withdrawal was improbable, except when forced from plain, hill and mountain. It is not at all strange that Ilazen s brigade of old tried veterans should have been again placed in the front. Our boys will remember how orderly we moved to the front, just as though we were on drill sure enough; but we needed no drilling for this occasion. How grandly we passed to the A BAYONET CHARGE. 271 front, just a little to the right of Orchard Knob, with one eye on the rebels and the other on the top of Missionary Ridge. Onward we moved in harmony with the grandeur of the scenery. In spired by the consciousness of leading our grand army into battle, and that, too, in full view of both the contending armies, our boys (Woods division) pressed rapidly forward. Our compact lines, marred by no straggling to the rear, swept from position, first the pickets and their reserves, and then moved without halt or slackened pace, to the attack of the strong line on the hill. Our brigade met with stout resistance at first, but they were soon forced by the bayonet to yield position, leav ing for capture the Twenty-eighth Alabama regi ment, and its flag. General Woods division lost one hundred and twenty-five men killed and wounded, but I have no means at hand to enable me to tell just how many our regiment lost, but my recollections are that it was in this charge that Captain Frank I?. Strader received a wound from which he died on the 10th day of the following December. The gallantry and quick dash of our division in this charge took the enemy completely by surprise, and secured for us an important position, and gave the type of the grander assaults by which one of the most decisive victories of the war was gained. We now occupied a most important position, as we held nearly all the high ground between Fort Wood and Missionary Ridge, and it afforded a 272 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. good base for operations against the enemy s main lines beyond. Late in the evening General Wood was in structed by General Thomas to hold and fortify the position which he had unexpectedly gained,, and General Wood placed Bridges Battery of six guns on Orchard Knob, during the night. The next day, the 24th, as well as the 25th, up until about 3 P. M., our division simply held its line, without any attempt at an advance, and these are the two days long to be remembered by members of the Sixth Indiana. With Sherman on our left, and Hooker on our right, both in full view of our position, the boys watched with eager eyes the progress of the two battles, we might say. The concentration of the enemy to oppose Sherman made his progress very slow. We could, from our position, plainly see the movement of the troops on both sides. It was charge and counter-charge;, our boys would, with a most furious bayonet charge, drive the enemy from his rifle-pits, only to give them up again inside of perhaps the next thirty minutes. Reinforcements sent Sherman did not seem to add to his strengh, as the enemy s position seemed almost impregnable. But one thing sure, Sherman was keeping Bragg right busy to watch his right flank, and ii\ doing this, he, to some extent, neglected his left, and here Hooker was giving him a little amusement. Early on the morning of the 24th the roar of artillery and rattle of musketry from the direction THE FIGHT ABOVE THK CLOUDS. 273 of Lookout Mountain, was positive evidence that Hooker was making it hot for tlie enemy, who held this strong position. The heavy fog and mist that eompletely enveloped the north end of Lookout Mountain kept ns from seeing all the grand hattle that was heing fought there, hut sometime during the afternoon the fog lifted, and exposed to view the grainiest sight of a lifetime. On the front of Lookout Mountain, intermediate between haseand summit, there is a wide open space, cultivated as a farm, in vivid contrast with the natural sur roundings of the wildest type. The farm house, known as Craven s, or the " white house," was sit uated upon the upper margin of the farm. lie- low the house, and across this little farm we eould plainly see the contending forces engaged in deadly strife. We could hear them cheer, and see them charge hack and forth across this field. How our hearts would swell and leap for joy when we could see our hoys drive the enemy from his works. Some of the boys hecame so excited over watch ing them that whenever they could recognize a victory on the part of our hoys they would take off their hats and wave them, and cheer at the top of their voice. The reader no douht lias, since the close 1 of the war, witnessed a *lmnt bottle, and can remember how he himself hecame excited as first one side or the other would gain an apparent victory. How much more, and stronger are the reasons for cheering and feeling interested for your real friends when you see them engaged in deadly 18 274 IIISTOHY OF TIM-: SIXTH KIK.I.M .\l combat \vitli an enemy whose only object is to take their life. But imagine the feeling of our hoys when they finally saw our. forces gradually gain one line after another, and eventually drive the enemy in rapid retreat around the face of the I did not stop with waving my hat, hut yelled and dapped my hands, jumped up and down, laughed and cried for joy. In fact, the whole army in front of Chattanooga was simply wild with excitement, and if at this moment General Grant had said the word, Missionary Ridge would have been taken in thirty minutes time. The hoys were restless and wild with excitement, and that eager "to go" for Missionary Ridge that they could hardly contain themselves. All they wanted was the word to go! uml if <-<tin(\ and thcv went. Yes, and they went to stay. After the word to forward was given, as well might they try to stop the sweeping avalanche, which carries death and destruction before it, as to try to stop the Fourth Army Corps short of the top of Missionary Ridge. We had been held in restraint so long, and had witnessed the gallant work of Hooker s men with such signal victory that our enthusiasm knew no bounds. In fact, it was more trouble to hold the men back in line than to keep them up even. Kvery man was himself a host. To illustrate this feeling among the men I will relate a circumstance. After the order to forward was given, with a rush we captured the line of rifle-pits at the foot of the. WE CAPTURE MISSIONARY RIDGE. 275 hill. It only took a moment tor every man to see that we could not reman there, and it was either to go for the top of the hill or retreat, and this no man thought of doing , so, instinctively, every man fixed his eye upon the top of the ridge. 1 could almost see the tire flash from the eyes of my men. It \vas a critical moment. Just at this moment I heard some one yell at the top of his voice, "for- tr-fU d." This was enough. I instantly sprang in front of my company and repeated the order. I then turned, and with a hound started for the top of the ridge determined to lead the company, determined to be the first of my company on the rebel works but, in spite of my good running qualities, some of the boys would get ahead of me; and I remember very well - of catching one of them, Thomas W. .Jackson, by the coat tail and holding on until I got ahead of him, and when I let go of him he ran around me, and was the only man that was on the works ahead of me, and, somehow, I have felt a little envious toward 7o/// ever since. However, he was only one jump ahead of me, and in less than a minute every member of the com pany was on the works, and my company took sixteen men and a line officer prisoners right in their mm <lit<-li. The officer, a rebel captain, made no attempt at resistance, hut handed me his sword and asked what he should do. I placed him and his men in charge of Sergeant B. M. Robinson and a small 27fi HISTORY OK THE SIXTH KKCIMRNT. guard, and sent them to the rear. All this was tlio work of a moment, and our company (except Tom Jackson) was still standing on the works yet, when the last of the sixteen rebels tiled by me to the rear. I made a spring, clearing the ditch and lighting near Jackson, who was admiring a large brass cannon, whose month seemed large enough to crawl into, and whose tube still smoked from its last discharge. F stepped up to lav my hand on the 1 barrel of the cannon. About this time Tom yelled, l " Look out ! that darned thing is hot, but before he could speak the 1 words, my hand was high in the air. It was simply hissing hot, tor it had not been three minutes since its last discharge. But by this time all the boys were over the ditch, with not a rebel to be seen on top the ridge. However, just at this instant our attention was attracted by a voice, loud and excited, giving or ders on the other side of the ridge, about one hun dred feet from us. Kvery eye was instantly turned on this lone specimen of a forlorn hope. For a moment not a man of us moved or said a word- while lie was calling at the top of his voice to bis men to come back, saying there were only a few of the Yankees, and We can drive them back." While he was thus delivering himself, Tom, whose eyes were riveted on the speaker, set his gun against the cannon, unbuckled his cartridge box, which dropped at his feet, and not uttering a word. DEMORALIZED BEDELS RUNNfNG. 2< i but crouched like 1 a eat, started on a quick run to ward his victim. The rest of us took in the sit uation instantly, and hold our breaths in anticipa tion of the result. But fortunately for either Tom or the rehel officer, I don t know which, the fellow looked back just in time to take in the situation, and when Tom was within ten feet of him, with one desperate hound he cleared the top of the ridge and disappeared down over the bluff. Tom did not venture any further, but called out : " My God! come and see them run." "We all broke and ran over to where Tom was, and such a si if lit 1 never expect to see agaith The western side of the ridge where we came up is a long, gradual slope, while the eastern side is steep and rugged and covered with trees and large rocks, and it was down over these rocks the rebels went, every fellow for himself. We saw the braves tumbling over each other in a most reckless man ner; some without? guns, others without hats, and all one conglomerated mass of demoralized men whose sole object was to save their own scalp, and was verifying the old adage that " he that fights and runs away lives to light another day/ After the excitement was over, I asked Tom what ever made him act so strangely in this mat ter, and he said he wanted to bring the fellow in alive. While we were watching the Hying rebels as they swept in wild confusion across the valley be yond the ridge, our division commander, General 278 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RECUMENT. Wood, rode up in our midst and made 1 us a speech. He said we were up there without orders, and that lie would have every man eonrt-martialed. Be fore lie quit talking, however, he gave us to un derstand that he was only joking, and compli mented the 1 boys in the* highest terms for their bravery and the great victory they had won, and said that he claimed no credit tor himself in the matter, but that it was one case, at least, where the men had fought and won a great victory with out the aid of commanding officers. 1 can not refrain from mentioning some things I saw as we went up Missionary "Kidge. When we got within one hundred feet of the rebel rifle- pits at the top of the hill, the bullets came into our faces so thick and fast, that it, for a moment only, created a waver in our lines, when some one gave the order to a fix bayonets," I repeated the order and sent it on down tlyi 1 line. For a mo ment, the noise made by this rattling of cold steel, seemed to fairly chill my blood. But instantly the order to forward came down the line like a flash of lightning, and when the fresh start was made, a wild yell went up from the boys as they made a dash for the rebel works. It was simply foolish for the rebels to try to resist this bayonet charge. It was simply irresistible, and meant, victory or death ! And the rebels so under stood it, and did not stay to argue the quest ion. Some, however, did not give up without a strug gle. Just at my right, Lieutenant Andy Conneu, of ANDY CONNKR TN A TIGHT PLACE. 29 Company D, who did not stop when we hesitated long enough to tix bayonets, but pressed on, had reached the works some thirty or forty feet ahead of his company. lie had, for some reason, picked up an ax on his way up the hill. I just happened to look in that direction when he attempted to mount the works, when a rebel made a thrust at him with his bayonet, and Andy, to save himself, sprung backward for six or eight feet, lighting on his feet with his face toward his enemy. He squared himself, and, gathering the ax in both hands, sent it whiz/ing at the fellow s head. The rebel ducked his head and the ax went on over without harm. Andy then drew his sword and made another rush at the "Johnny," who again came at Andy with his bayonet, and again Andy saved himself by springing back down the hill. By this time Andy s company was up to his back, and once more the brave Lieutenant, with drawn sword, sprung on the works, while his enemy dropped his gun, settled back in the ditch and threw up botlrhands. This was enough, he was not harmed. "From General Bragg \s declarations that his line was first pierced on his right that is, to the north of the house which he occupied as his head quarters and from the observation of those occu pying elevated positions, there is no room to doubt that General Wood s division first reached the summit. General Wood s troops enfiladed the enemy s lines to the right, and to the left as soon 280 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGLMKNT. as they broke through it." And now may we not Hatter ourselves, that as General Wood rode into our regiment and spoke to us the way lie did. that the old Sixth was among the first, it not the very first regiment,- to roach the summit in this gallant charge. Again, it is a fact that no memher of our hrave old regiment had any reason to accuse any of his comrades of showing a lack of staying Dualities. Our hoys were so well drilled, and had heen in so many battles, that they knew just what to do and just how to do it. The record does not show any officers killed or wounded in this engagement, hut it is a fact, all the same, that Captain Frank I*. Strader, of Com pany II, was wounded, and died from the effect of this same wound December 10, 18<>3. Tin- different companies lost as follows: Co. A. James T. Barber, wounded; died Decem ber 25, 18(53. Elijah Hankans, killed November 25, 1863. Lamhcrt Schill, killed November 25, f 863. Kdward M. Sheppard, killed November 25, 18<i3. Co. 1). James 1. Seats, killed November 25, 1863. William 15. Walker, killed November 25, 1 Xi>3. Samuel If. Tull, died January 3, 18(>4; wounds receive< 1 Xovemher 25, f S(>:>. Michael McUinty, killed Xovemher 25, 1863. Co. C. Theodore Ward, killed November 25,1863. THE RESULTS OF THE BATTLE. 281 Co. D. John L. Devon, wounded at Missionary Ridge. Charles Dunahew, wounded at Missionary Ridge. Co. K. Benton McCafterty, wounded at Mission ary Ridge. John A/bell, died November 26; wound* received at Missionary Ridge. Josiah Farley, killed November 25, 1863. Napoleon Hebird, killed November 25, 1863, Thomas Taylor, killed Xovember 25, 186:). Joseph D. Teverbaugh,died Xovember 29 ; wounds received Xovember 25, 1868. George M. Wheeler, died Dec-ember 16. 186-) ; wounds received November 25. 1863. Co. F. Mitchell B. Cook, died Xovember 26: wounds received Xovember 25, 1868. Lewis II. Hardenbrook, killed Missionary Ridge, Xovember 25, 186:5. John U. Townsend, killed Missionary Ridge, Xovember 25, 1863. Co. G. Banner Davis, wounded Missionary Ridge, Xovember 25, 1863. John M. Hook, wounded and died same day. Missionary Ridge, Xovember 25, 1863. Christopher O Xeal, wounded Missionary Ridge, Xovember 25, 1863. 282 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. Co. G. Nathaniel Owens, wounded Missionary Ridge, November 2r>, 1863. John Yickery, wounded Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. Co. II. John \V. Davis, wounded Missionary Ridge, November 2."), 1803. William 1*. Eads, wounded Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. Co. I. None reported in the Record. Co. I\. John \V. Blankenshij), wounded Mission ary Ridge, Xo vein her 25, 1863. Thomas W. Jackson, wounded Mission ary Ridge, November 25. 1863. Here we have a loss to the regiment in this en gagement of one officer and thirty enlisted men. The total loss to the I liion Army was killed 757 The total loss to the I nion Army was wounded 4,529 The total loss to the Tnion Army was miss- in ii- .. 330 Total loss 5,616 The total loss Confederate Army, killed 361 The total loss Confederate Army, wounded. 2,1 si The total loss Confederate Arm} , missing... 6,142 Total loss 8,<5X4 1 can not refrain from giving the comments of General Henry M. Cist in his history of the Army of tin* Cumberland, in regard to Grant s idea of COMMENTS ON THK HATTLK. 283 our army when lie came to Chattanooga and took command. He says : u ln the general engagement Grant s plan of battle bad been for Sherman with five divisions to make the main attack, sweep everything before him down the ridge, and when he had the rebels in full retreat, the Army of the Cumberland was then to aid in the pursuit, after patiently wait ing until the fighting was over. Hooker, under Grant s original plan, was to simply hold Lookout Valley secure; and when the enemy was driven by Sherman, he too was to join in the pursuit. All the fighting of the battle was to be done by Sher man, and all the glory thereof was to be his. In Sherman s Memoirs, we are favored with Grant s views of the Army of the Cumberland, when Sherman tirst reported in person to Grant, at Chattanooga, to learn of bis plan and the part he, Sherman, was to take. Sherman says that Grant told him, that the men of Thomas Army bad been so demoralized by the battle of Clnckama^ga;> that be feared they could not be got out of weir trenches to assume the offensive, and that the Army of the Cumberland bad so long been in the trenches, that he wanted my troops to hurry up to take the offensive /?/ ^, after which he had no doubt the Cumberland Army would fight well. >. So, under Grant s plan, the Army of the Cumber land was to stand by and be taught a grand object lesson bow to fight, as given by Sherman. Dur ing the course of the engagement the plan was I M HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. modified twice, t nder the original plan Sherman was to make. 1 a demonstration up Lookout Valley, in the expectation that Bragg would strengthen his left at the expense of his right, thereby mak ing Sherman "s part of the plan so much the lighter as the line on his battle-front was weakened. To carry this out Hugh Ewing s division was sent to Trenton, hut this accomplished nothing. Grant, fearing that Bragg s right might he too strong for Sherman to give his lesson to the Army of the Cumberland properly, finding Osterhaus division cut oft from Sherman, ordered it to report to Hooker who was directed to take it and < Jeary s division, with Cruft s division of the Fourth Corps, and make a demonstration on the rebel loft at Lookout Mountain, to attract the attention of Braii g, while Sherman was getting into position to take the end of Missionary Ridge as far as the tunnel. Hooker, on the day previous, learning that Howard s Corps was going into Chattanooga, and probably into the fight, asked to be allowed his riii ht to be with his troops under lire, I nder his original order he was simply to hold Lookout Valley, which he did not relish if part of his com mand should engage the enemy. When his orders came to make a demonstration, he determined he would take Lookout Mountain and drive Bragg s left out of his works. \Vith less than ten thousand troops, over two-thirds of whom were the Army of the Cumberland, Hooker fought his kk battle above COMMENTS ON THE BATTLE. 285 the clouds" that \vill last in history forever, and grow in fancy and song 1 as the years roll on. Hooker took Lookout Mountain, and down the rebel left to Rossville, over five miles, before Slier man reached the tunnel. lie made Sherman s task none the easier, however, beeanse Bragg then threw the two divisions Hooker had whipped upon Sherman s front. Then, when Sherman had been fighting for nearly two days, and had failed to make the headway Grant s plan contemplated, the plan underwent another modification. On the 25th ( J rant ordered Thomas to move out his troops from the center to make another "demonstration " in Sherman s behalf, so he could take the tunnel in accordance with the original plan. Thomas was ordered to take the first line of rifle-pits and hold his command there, while 1 Bragg was expected to draw off part of his troops from Sherman s front and strengthen his line in front of the " dem onstration/" Thomas orders to his corps and division Gen erals were given in accordance with Grant s in structions, and as the orders reached the brigade and regimental commanders, as far as the officers were concerned, the movement was only to be a * demonstration." When the troops reached the rebel line, captured it, and then found themselves under the heavy fire from the enemy s lines on the heights above, without orders, and even against orders, the sol diers of the Army of the Cumberland, who were "so demoralized that thev would not tight," 28(i HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KUilMKNT. pressed up tin- face of tlc ridge under tin- deadly musketry tire- that greeted them, with camion in front, to the right and the left, raking with con verging tire, and won for General Grant the battle of Missionary Ridge, driving Bragg away from Sherman s front, and thus enabling him to take the tunnel as ordered. Whenever the victory of Missionary Ridge shall be narrated on history s page, this gallant charge of the brave men of Woods and Sherman s di visions, with those of Baird and Johnson on their left and right, will always be the prominent fea ture of the engagement as told in the coming vears, and will be the last to lose its glory and re nown. Xo wonder that General Grant failed to appreciate this movement at the time, not under standing the troops who had it in charge. When lie found these commands ascending the ridge to capture it. when he ordered a " demonstration to be made to the foot of the hill and there to wait, lie turned sharplv to General Thomas and asked: " By whose orders are these troops going up the hill?" General Thomas, taking in tln x situation at once, suggested that it was probably by their own. General Grant remarked that it was all right if it turned out all right, and added : kk If not some one would suiter." But it turned out all right, and Grant, in his official report, complimented the troops for following closely the retreating enemy without further orders. From the above it would seem that no man ever ii ets too old or too wise to learn. CHAPTER XVII. WE MARCH TO THE RELIEF OF BURNSIDE. Description of our route to Knoxville The staple product, ugly women and dogs Longstreet breaks his neck against Fort Saunders He lets upon the siege of Knoxville We go up to Strawberry Plains The cold New Year s at Clinch Mountain Frequent raids after Longstreet We travel about 400 miles Orders to veteranize We return to Chattanooga Strength of the army Accounting for our lost Interesting statements Preparing for the Atlanta campaign. It seems that General Grant was very anxious about the critical condition of General Burnside, who was stationed at Knoxville. His force was only about strong enough to hold out against the enemy before Bragg detached Longstreet s corps from his own army and sent to Knoxville, and now after the addition of another corps to the rebel forces in the vie-in ity of Knoxville, and the short supply of rations, Burnside was certainly in a very critical condition. But now that General Bragg had been defeated, General Grant gave attention equally to the pursuit of the routed enemy and the relief of his lieutenant at Knoxville, and during the evening of the 25th gave orders looking to the accomplishment of both objects. He directed Gen eral Thomas to recall the Fourth Corps to prepare for forced marches to Knoxville. Accordingly HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKGIMKNT. Tlioiuas ordered Woods and Sheridan s divisions to return to Chattanooga. We lie in Chattanooga until the : >0th of November, when we pulled out for Knoxville. General Howard inarched from Parker s Gap to Cleveland on the ^!>tli, taking tin- lead in tlu- movement upon Knoxville. The enemy did not appeal 1 in liis front in sufficient force to retard his rapid movement, ami lie readied and crossed the Little Tennessee River on December ">. Here information was received that Longstreet had raised the siev of Knoxville and retreated east ward. The distance from Chattanooga to Knox ville is eighty- four miles, and on the <>th there was a concentration of all the Union forces at Marvs- ville, a small town ahont ten miles south of Knox ville, so it will he seen that our division only marched ahout seventy-five miles in five days, or fifteen miles a day, which is" not so hadly forced after all. Here at Marysville the whole army was ordered to halt, while Sherman, who had command of the u East Tennessee Expedition," went on to Knoxville and held a u pow-wow" with General Burnside. It was agreed that the Fourth Corps should remain, while the balance of the army should return to Chattanooga. To give the num- hcr of miles our regiment marched each day while on this expedition, and the hour we broke camp in the morning or halted for the niii ht, is neither practical or of any interest to the old comrades or the general reader, yet there was much of interest that transpired alonr the route. We had put forth UGLY WOMEN AND DOGS. 289 no extra exertions in the battle at Chattanooga. The most our regiment did was in the storming of Missionary Ridge, and this only lasted about an hour, and being allowed to rest a few days at Chat tanooga before we started, fitted us pretty well for the march, and we had ample time and opportu nity to enjoy the beautiful scenery along up this tine, rich valley. There are several very nice and thrifty towns situated in the valley of the Tennes see. First is Cleveland, some eighteen miles from Chattanooga, a line town on the railroad. Xext is Charleston, some eight miles on, situated also on the railroad, and also on the beautiful little river, the Iliawassee. About twenty miles still further on we come to Athens, on the railroad. This is a good business town of some note. Twelve miles on we come to Martinsville, situated some four miles east of the railroad. This is a little old town of not much importance and no enterprise, and noted only for dogs, ugly women and white-headed chil dren. The next town we struck was Marysville, about fourteen miles further on, quite a nice place, and showing considerable signs of thrift and enter prise. Marysville is situated about ten miles east of the Tennessee River, in a beautiful valley which lies between the mountains on the east and high, rolling land on the west, between the town and the river. It was here the army concentrated when nearing Knoxville, some fourteen miles on. The Tennessee Valley, between Chattanooga and Knox ville, is not only very rich, but very healthy, and 19 2!H) HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KEUIMKNT. abounds with thrifty fanners who are prosperous ami happy. The population are of the better class and comparatively clear of the negroes, as slavery did not thrive well so far from the cotton field. The mountain on either side of the valley fur nished an abundance of pure, clear spring 1 water to supply the numerous tributaries of the beauti ful Tennessee, which wound its serpentine course down toward the Father of Waters. The climate is simply delightful, while the seasons are perfect, rendering it one of the finest fruit-growing regions in the State. Many a member of the Sixth In diana promised himself that if he was spared through the war with life and health, that he would return to this beautiful valley and take up his abode for life, and to-day, a quarter of a cen tury after the close of the war, the valley of the East Tennessee numbers among her citi/ens many an old comrade. (Jeneral <i ranger s corps moved up from Marys- ville to Knoxville on the 8th and Oth of I >ecem- ber. Our division went ovwr on the 8th, in the afternoon, ancfofi the morning of the 9th the boys of our regiment were allowed to go at will and examine Fort Sanders, which proved to be the post against which four thousand picked men from Longstreet s corps succeeded in butting their brains out. On the 29th of Xovember Longstreet made the assault on Fort Sanders, the key to the position, and was repulsed with heavy loss. This fort was built of the dirt dug from making a dee}), LONGSTREKT ASSAULTS FORT SANDERS. 291 wide ditch on three sides of it. From the top ot the fort to the bottom of the ditch was about twenty feet, but the ditch was ten feet deep and twelve feet wide. All around the fort, except the opening left for going in and out, was descending, and had been covered with small timber and bushes. These bushes had been cut off, leaving a stump, say about fifteen or eighteen inches high. To these stumps wire had been fastened, running from one to the other, all over a large tract of land. Wires were also stretched so as to trip and throw a person into the ditch surrounding the fort. This tort was tilled with sharp-shooters, provided with plenty of ammunition, and also with hand grenades. These are large balls filled with slugs of iron and powder, and provided with a fuse, which can be arranged by the operator to explode in one second or longer, as desired. About 4 o clock on the morning of the 29th of December four thousand of Longstreet s selected men made the assault on this fort, The result was terrible. The charge on the fort was made at 4 o clock in the morning, as stated above, and before it was light enough to see the wires or other dan gers, the foremost men tripped over the wires and fell, others came rushing up, and in the darkness stumbled over those already down, and in this way on they came, tripping and falling over each other until they s^ot. to the ditch surrounding the fort, and into this they began to tumble. /Once in this ditch was like being in prison with the door locked. 292 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKG1MKNT. But on came the yelling victims, still tumbling into the ditch until it got so full that they stood up on each other so that the top ones were enabled to get out again. But about this time our boys, who had been slaughtering them by the hundreds by shooting them, began to throw over into the ditch the exploding missils. The scene was terrible and most horrible to contemplate; the work was short but it was complete. The enemy lost in this charge 1,000, killed, wounded and prisoners, while our loss was four killed and seven wounded. But this disastrous charge broke Longstreet s "grip," and made him let up the siege. And, although it had been ten da.ys since the slaughter occurred, wo could see tufts of human hair and spots of hlood all over the ground in front of the fort. Longstreet detached several small raiding par ties to pillage the country around Knoxville, and tlie whole winter through they carried on a kind of an Indian warfare, doing considerable damage. About the 12th of December we left Knoxville for the vicinity of Strawberry Plains, a station on the railroad, ami where the railroad crossed the river, and about fifteen miles distant from Knox ville. General Shacjdeford followed Longstreet s retreating army as far as Bean Station. The enemy turned on him and severe fighting took place. Our forces fell back as far as Taxewell. The Union loss was reported at TOO, killed, wounded and prisoners; the rebel loss was !M)0. This took place on the 14th, and our brigade was ordered up COLD NEW YEARS AT CLINCH MOUNTAIN. 29- ) as support for Bhackleford, and got as far as Clinch Mountain, where we learned the fighting was over, and were halted and went into camp. We occupied this camp about a month, and was in this camp during the cold Nt ir JVrt / .<? (the 1st day of January, 18<>4), which all the hoys remember so well. Some of the boys of the regiment went on picket duty the night before, and when they came in the next morning their clothes were frozen like sheets of ice on their persons. The storm started with a cold rain, then turned to sleet. We built a iire: while some of the boys would cut and others carry large logs and pile on this fire until we had a log-heap as high as one s head, and around this we would roast our shins, and while one side would scorch the other would freeze. But we got on pretty well until night came. Our tents, of course, had been left behind, and now, that the ground was covered with snow and sleet, and so cold that blood would almost freeze in the veins, how would we manage to sleep this night away, in the woods with only the trees for shelter? Well, I will not pretend to relate our experience that night, but will only say that I hope the reader will never be caught in like condition. We broke cam}) about the 14th of January, and started for Dandridge, but before this we had made various trips out from Strawberry Plains, either as a scare, or for the purpose of surprising some for aging parties that were constantly threatening Knoxville. We had been up to New Market once, 294 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. and then again up to Morristown, but had never been in a tight until we went to Dandridge, and while the regiment did not get into a tight here, some of the companies were thrown out on the skirmish line when we started retreat. On the 15th our division took the lead and advanced against Longstreet s Cavalry, then stationed at Dandridge. We drove them from the town, and supposed thev had gone o1i . and we went into ramp, but only to stay over night instead of the balance of the win ter, as the boys supposed, for the next morning Longstreet s whole army was in our front, and al though our division was joined by Sheridan s Di vision and McCook s Cavalry, it was not deemed safe to hazard a general ijngagement, but for two days there was brisk skirmishing, and late in the afternoon of the 18th there was a brisk conflict, mainly between McCook s Cavalry and Long- street s advance. Our own regiment was not en gaged, but were badly scared, and kept up in ranks nicely on the retreat to the rear, and, for once, I think I can safely say that not a single man left the. regiment to forage while on the inarch. Our whole army fell back to Strawberry Plains, crossed the river, and went into camp. From here we struck back toward Knoxville, and on to Marysville, where we again went into camp. It was now about the last of January, and we lay in camp here until about the middle of February, when we again broke camp and started after Longstreet, who was near Strawberry Plains. ORDERS TO VETERANIZE. 295 The Sixth boys did not very nuu*li like this retro grade movement, but Grant had ordered Thomas to send to General Foster, who had been placed in command of our department, sufficient forces to drive Longstreet out of East Tennessee, and our likes and dislikes did not change the thing a bit. When they said " Go/ we went. But, fortunately for us, the movement against Longstreet was abandoned before an engagement, and again we turned our faces southward and ar rived at London about the 18th day of April. But I should have said that when we started after Longstreet he retreated from Strawberry Plains to Bull s Gap, destroying bridges and his camp equipage. We went as far as Bean Station, some forty miles from Strawberry Plains, then back to the Plains, and then another trip above Morristown and back to the Plains, and then on to London, where we went into camp for a little rest. This last trip terminated our wanderings up in East Tennessee, and in all we traveled about 400 miles during the winter. The general health of the regiment was good all winter, and at this late day I can think of no s-erious mishap that de serves the reader s attention. The general order to veteranize the soldiers whose time was about to expire created some little excitement in our regiment; quite a number re- enlisted and some even started for home and got as far as London, and were recalled to take part in the last expedition up above Knoxville after HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. Longwtreet, but they had thoroughly cooled oft before they could get away again, and simply re fused to go. Consequently the Sixth Indiana did not veteranize. Wood s and Sheridan s divisions remained near London until the <>th of April, when we broke eamp and started, as we thought, for Chattanooga, but were halted at Cleveland, and airain went into eamp. The reason of this was that Longstreet had not yet left East Ten nessee, and we were simply waiting to see what he did, and then, I suppose, be governed accord ingly. We remained here at Cleveland until about some time in the last week of April, when we again broke camp and jstruck out for Ringgold, where we arrived the 4th of May. Soon after his assignment to the command of the military division, General Sherman went to Chattanooga to confer with General Thomas. The union of the armies of the Cumberland, Tennessee and Ohio, in a campaign from Chattanooga as a base, having been determined upon, preparations of the grandest dimensions possible were at once inaugurated with vigor. During the month of April again, as before the battle in November, Chattanaoga was the scene of the greatest ac tivity. Troops were constantly coming up from the rear and moving to the front. The <inarter- master and Commissary Departments were pressed to extreme exertion building steamboats, erecting and tilling vast store-houses, bringing forward ar- tillerv and cavalry horses, and cattle, while the STRENGTH OF THE ARMY. 297 railway was almost constantly trembling under tlu long trains heavily loaded with supplies and munitions. On the loth of April our corps commander, General Gordon Granger, was relieved, and Gen eral Howard placed in command. On the 1st of May the Army of the Cumberland was well in hand, awaiting orders to advance. The army for the field comprised 54,568 infantry, 3,238 cavalry, and 2,377 artillery, with 130 guns, making a total of 60,773 effective men. In order to properly locate our regiment, I will say that we are still of the Fourth Corps, com manded by General Howard ; Third Division, com manded by General T. J. Wood, and Second Bri gade, commanded by General Ha/en. Our brigade consisted of the Sixth Indiana, First Ohio, Sixth Ohio, Forty-first Ohio, Ninety-third Ohio, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio, Fifth Kentucky, Sixth Kentucky, and Twenty-third Kentucky. The reader will please not get the idea that the figures given above constitutes the entire forces which were to move against the rebel army in and about Dalton, or in our immediate front. This 60,773 is only the strength of the Army of the Cumberland, under Thomas. To this must be added the Army of the Tennessee, 24,465 strong, under McPherson; also, the army of the Ohio, 13,541 strong, under Schofield, making a total of 98,779 effective men; and to the 130 pieces of ar tillery in the Army of the Cumberland we have 96 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. guns with MePherson, and 28 with Schofield, mak ing a total of 254 guns. With this grand army all ready to move for ward, the 5th of May was fixed as the day for our great chieftain, General Sherman, to give the order to u Fowaril* march." The order was given, and again the old Sixth Indiana broke camp and started on the "Georgia campaign." Our grand old regiment had seen so much hard service and for so long a time in the field that she was only a remnant of her former self. Our first Colonel, T. T. Critteuden, had been promoted to a Brigadier-General early in 1862. P. P. Baldwin, who had been promoted* to till the place, was killed at Chickamauga. Ilagerman Trip}), who was then Lieutenant-Colonel, assumed command of the reg iment, but on the very next day after Baldwin was killed, Tripp was so severely wounded that he was sent to the rear and his services were lost to the regiment and his country as well. Our first Lieu tenant-Colonel, Hiram Prather, resigned and left us May 19, 1862. Major Augustus H. Abbett, who was our first Major, had resigned away back, June 17, 1862. John Karnshaw, our first Adjutant, and who was afterward promoted to Captain, Com pany II, was further promoted to be Assistant Adjutant-General. Our next Adjutant, David II. Richardson, had been dishonorably discharged. Our first Quartermaster, Win. E. McCleland, had resigned and left us. Our first chaplain, Kexin M. Barnes, resigned April 23, 1862. Daniel C. Darr, ACCOUNTING FOR OUR LOST. 299 1 commissioned in his place, also resigned November 2, 1862. Our grand old doctor, Charles Schussler, who was our surgeon, had been promoted to Brig ade Surgeon. The first Assistant Surgeon of our regiment was Nathan B. Sparks, who resigned December 17, 1861. The next Assistant Surgeon was Samuel II. Charlton, who resigned March 16, 1862. The next was Myron H. Harding. He, however, declined to serve, and was never mus tered. Next we have Amos Frost. This was a temporary appointment, and he was never mus tered. Next we have Finley C. Lattimore, who was discharged May 2, 1864, for disability. Aside from the officers already mentioned as lost to the regiment, and whose places had to be filled from the ranks, the following line officers, for various reasons, were lost to the regiment: In Company A, Thomas J. Moore, First Lieu tenant, was discharged September 10, 1863. In Company B, First Lieutenant, Francis M. Rust, resigned February 1, 1863. Second Lieu tenant, Alonxo S. Prather, resigned February 28, 1864. In Company C, Captain Allen W. Prather was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, 120th Indiana, March 1, 1864. First Lieutenant James A. Wil- lets, was dismissed August 30, 1862. Jacob Hover, Second Lieutenant, Company C, resigned May 22, 1862. In Company D, Captain Samuel Russell was killed in the battle of Chickamauga, September 19, o(H) HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REOIMENT. 1863. First Lieutenant, Andrew J. (-rrayson, re signed May 21, 1862. Second Lieutenant, Charles F. Miller, resigned May 14, 1862. In Company K. Charles K. Van Trees resigned March 2. 1863. First Lieutenant, Henry C. Hall, resigned February 13, 18(32. First Lieutenant. Alanson Solomon, died May 11, 1862. In Company F, Captain J. K. B. .(.-Jlasseoek re signed February 13, 1863. In Company G, Captain James Motfat resigned May 21, 1862. Second Lieutenant, Josiab Fultz, resigned March 28, 1862. Second Lieutenant. Jerome I*. Ilolcomb, killed accidentally in camp at Murfreesboro, Tenn., May 12, 1863. In Company II, Captain William M. Davis re signed March 16, 1862. Captain John Charlton resigned May 21, 1862. Captain Frank P. Strader died of wounds received at Missionary Ridge, December 10, 1863. Fir*t Lieutenant. John Xeal, resigned May 21, 1862. Second Lieutenant, Em- sley Shaddy, resigned April 1, 1863. In Company I, Captain Silas 1). Huckleberry resigned January 1, 1864. In Company K, Captain George W. Brown re signed August 8, 1863. First Lieutenant, Wil liam H. Smock, resigned March 28, 1862. First Lieutenant, George B. Green, died October 28, 1863. of wounds received October 27, 1863, at Brown s Ferry. Here we have a total loss to the regiment of 39 commissioned officers up to May 1, 1864. INTERESTING STATEMENTS. 301 When the old Sixth Indiana was reorganized, September 20, 1861, she had tor duty, counting the enlisted men : In Company A, 98 men. Recruits received 8, making a total of 106 men. May 1, 1864, she mus tered for duty 47 men, showing a loss of 59 men. Company B organized with 9tf men. Recruits received 27, making a total of 125 men. May 1, 1864, she mustered for duty 67 men, making a loss to date of 58 men. Company C organized with 97 men. Recruits received 11 men, making a total of 108 men. May 1, 1864, mustered for duty 60 men, making a total loss to date of 48 men. Company D organized with 90 men. Recruits received 12, making a total of 102 men. May 1, 1864, it mustered for duty 43 men, showing a loss to date of 59 men. Company E organized with 83 men. Recruits received 13, making 96 men. May 1, 1864, it mus tered for duty 33 men, showing a loss of 63 men to date. Company F organized with 95 men. Recruits received 9, making 104 men. May 1, 1864, it mus tered for duty 55 men, showing n loss to date of 49 men. Company G organized with 98 men. Recruits received 4. making 102 men. May 1,1864, it mus tered for duty 48 men, showing a loss to date of 54 men. HISTORY OF THK SIXTH REGIMENT. Company II organized with 84 men. Recruits received 15, making 99 men. May 1, 1864, it mus tered for duty 44 men, making a loss of 55 men to date. Company I organized with 94 men. Recruits received 9, making 103 men. May 1, 1864, it mus tered for duty 89 men, showing a loss of 64 men. Company K organized with 91 men. Recruits received 6, making 97 men. May 1, 1864, it mus tered for duty 40 men, showing a loss to date of 57 men. If this calculation .is correct, it shows that the regimental staff consisted, May 1, 1864, of 1 Lieu tenant-Colonel, 1 Major, 1 Adjutant, 1 Quarter- Master, 1 Chaplain, and 1 Assistant Burgeon. Our regiment at this time was commanded by Major Caruphell, who held a commission as Lieu tenant-Colonel, hut was not mustered until the 6th of May, 1864. Captain McKeehan was commis sioned Major on the 1st day of May, hut never was mustered as Major. Mr. Joseph .1. Siddall was Adjutant, George W. Crahh was Quartermaster, George W. Pye was Chaplain, and William A. Collins was Assistant Surgeon. May 1. 1864, the officers of Company A were: Captain, Delaney Kavanaugh : First Lieutenant, flames C. Whaley. The officers of Company B were: Captain, Samuel F. McKeehan: First Lieutenant, Pleasant C. McGanmm. INTERESTING STATEMENTS. 303 The officers of Company were: First Lieu tenant, William A. Cuiftmings; Second Lieutenant, Charles A. May. The officers of Company D were: Captain, Andrew F. Conner and William P. Dillon, who, at that time, ranked as Second Lieutenant. The officers of Company E were : Captain, Oscar F. Ixodarmel ; First Lieutenant, Henry E- Van Trees. The officers of Company F were: Captain, Andrew J. Newland ; First Lieutenant, Moses Crawford, and Second Lieutenant, John Barrett. The officers of Company G were: Captain, Samuel T. Finney; First Lieutenant, William N. Williams. The officers of Company II. were: Captain, James F. Simpson ; Second Lieutenant, Charles Seal. The officers of Company I were : Captain, Dan iel W. Conner; First Lieutenant, Kxra J. Wool- man. The officers of Company K were: Captain, Charles C. Briant; First Lieutenant, Lewis II. Hill. A recapitulation shows that the strength of the Sixth Indiana, May J, 1864, was: Field and staff.. "> Line officers 21 Enlisted men, Company A 47 B 67 C 60 " " " I) . 48 304 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. Enlisted men, Company E 33 F 55 G 48 H 44 I 39 K . 40 Total strength of regiment 502 That the reader may see the comparative results, and the wear and tear upon the physical ability of men to endure such hardships as they were com pelled to go through in defense of the Union, I will now give the strength of our regiment when first organized. September 20, 18<>1, when the regiment first answered to roll-call, she numbered as follows: Field and staff and band 81 Company officers 30 Enlisted men 920 Total recruits received 114 Total strength to be accounted for 1095 Total strength May 1, 1864 502 Total loss incident to warfare 593 At the above rate of loss not a man of the orig inal organization would remain at the end of five years. The United States enlists men for the reg ular army for a period of not less than five years. They are invariably young and stout, healthy men. Their treatment is generally such as to de velop every faculty of the physical system, plenty PREPARING FOR ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 306 and regular rations, good shelter, no exposure, no forced marches, no great battles, and no prison pens, while the volunteer soldier tor the Union had to endure all these privations. Besides tins, the volunteer army in the rebellion was composed of men yet in their teens, while some were in their fifties. Young and old alike placed side by side in the ranks, required to carry the same load and to march the same number of miles, physically un equal as they were, still they were required to per form an equal amount of labor regardless of the results. No wonder that under such circumstances over one-half of our regiment should have been swept from the rolls in about two and one-half years. But the end is not yet. Although tired and weary, worn to skin and bone, this remnant of old veterans must plunge still deeper into danger and hardships. A few of them are still left, and their services are too valuable to let them go yet awhile. The rebellion is not yet crushed out the Union is not yet saved and again we strike out for the front, in pursuit of the enemy of our country. On the Oth of May, the armies repre senting the controlling strength of the contending powers in the west, lay confronting each other on the eve of one of the greatest canpaigns of a war, made memorable in the annals of the world by the magnitude of armies, the frequency of great battles, and immense compass of military opera tions. 20 CHAPTER xvirr. \TL\NTA CAMPAIGN. The bugle sounds the forward, May 7 Tunnel Hill and Buzzard Koont Rocky Face Ridge Severe engagement The Sixth Indiana trees the " Jennies" They roll rocks down at us The enemy fall back to Resaca We move forward Our charge of the enemy s % works at Resaca The result a failure It cost us 25 men Nevertheless the enemy retreats We pursue and overtake at Kingston Destructive work of our artillery The enemy again danked We camp at Burnt Hickory The enemy takes position at New Hope. The bugle sounded the forward for the Army of the Cumberland on the 7th of May. The enemy made a show of resistance, hut when our corps struck them on the left, at Tunnell Hill, they fled to Buzzard Roost. On the next day Woods di vision was required to throw out skirmish lines, and. as usual, the Sixth Indiana was placed in the front. The hoys will remember how we pressed the enemy along Rocky Face Ridge, until, as it were, we treed them on Buzzard Roost. Buz zard Roost is one of the peculiar freaks of nature worthy of note. It is situated on the highest point of Rocky Face Ridge, composed of huge rocks piled one upon another, getting smaller as they get higher, until it seems to terminate almost in a point, towering several hundreed feet above the alleys all around it. < hi tin* bare rocky TTiVNEL H[LL AND BU//ARD ROOST. 307 tower the buzzards, by the hundreds, would con gregate for a resting place at night, and no won der it was given the name of Buzzard Roost. Our corps, the Fourth, made several unsuccess ful attempts to charge the enemy on Rocky Face Ridge, but his position was too strong. We did, however, run them to the very top of the hill. One charge the Sixth Indiana made sent them to the verv top, but it was so rough, rocky and steep that we could do nothing, while they amused them selves by rolling large rocks down at us. The boys would not dodge the bullets, but when great big rocks, the size of a flour barrel, was seen com ing down the side of the mountain, bounding many feet in the air, and again cutting oft* small trees, truth compels me to say that the boys gave it a wide wake. The entire army, except our own corps, had been drawn away from the front and sent through Snake Creek Gap, on the right, as a flank movement. This forced the enemy to retreat toward Resaca, while our corps (Howard s) followed closely the retreating rebels to his next position at Resaca, and on the 14th the Sixth Indiana was located on the high chestnut hills to the north of that town. During the several days the regiment was engaged near and on Rocky Face Ridge, she sustained the loss of Isiiac T. Hall, killed on May 9, and John McLellan, killed May 9, both of Company B ; also, Jasper Reed, of Company G, was wounded, May 9. Milton Beebe, of Company H, was wounded so 808 HISTORY 01 THK SIXTH KKiilMKNT. severely liere at Buzzard Roost that lie died, May 22, 184. On the same day that we got into the works, he- fore Resaea, onr gallant old chieftain made an un successful attempt to turn the enemy s left flank, in order to prevent his retreat. General Palmer who occupied the left-center of our line made a vigorous effort to carry the position in his front, hut was repulsed with a heavy loss of seven hun dred and fifty-five men. The rehel commander made also a desperate attempt to turn our left, and it was this demonstration that brought on the des perate fighting hy Hooker s Corps, immediately on our left. The members of the Sixth Indiana, no doubt, to this day, remember seeing the gallant charge of Hooker s men, just on our le t, as they went down across the field. The hoys will also remember that we ourselves charged the 1 enemy at this same time. Don t you remember, boys, that we received orders to be ready to advance at the sound of the bugle Von will remember, also that our brigade commander, ( Jeneral 1 la/en, was stand ing just to the rear of our regiment, and when the bugle sounded he gave the Orders to forward. Don t you remember how gallantly we leaped from the temporary works, we had hurriedly thrown up. and sprung out down the hill toward the rebel works? And don t you also remember how un- gallantly we got back up the hill again, to our own hiding place? This movement of " forward and back again," was done in one time and two motions, and in the key of k4 ( J " sharp. SEVERE ENGAGEMENT. 309 rnfortunately, the writer was one of the men who had to obey this foolish order, and I want to tell you that at one time, I thought I was good for a trip down South, when we began to near tin- rebel works nearly all the regiment very sensibly turned and went hack, while Lieutenant L. II. Hill, of Co. K, and Lieutenant P. 0. McGannon, Co. B and myself, either had more courage or less sense and went on toward the rebel works, fol lowed by some twenty or thirty men, when we made the discovery that there was only a small squad of us still trying to obey the order, while all the balance had returned; all hope was gone and we too, turned to seek safety; we were not more than one hundred feet from the works, when we turned, and the whole rebel tire was concen trated on us, and it took only an instant to deter mine that it was sure death to every man, to un dertake to get back to our lines just then, so we made a rush for a sink hole, into which we plunged all spraddled out. And yet our safety depended upon laying to the ground, and the flatter the bet ter; and iny opinion then was that Lieutenant Hill was the flattest man I ever saw. But our condition was very critical indeed, as both sides bad opened a most deadly musketry tire, while the artillery of both sides were raining shot and shell into each other s lines. All this was going on over our unholy heads, and I hope the reader will not think me joking when I say that 1 did not enjoy it a bit. To at- 310 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. tempt to retreat was certain death. To remain where we were made us liable to he raptured any moment. But all at once the tiring ceased, or nearly so, and this was our chance. Some fellow proposed to make the break tor our lines. It was agreed to, and at a given "order every fellow sprung to his feet, and away we///" up the hill. The whole rebel line opened up <>n us, and one would think that at the rate we went the bullets could not catch us: but still one poor fellow was badly wounded. The only wonder is that any of us escaped, and another wonder is that, after such a "flattening," any of us ever again got back to our former rotundity. This was on the 15th, and ended the fighting of our regiment for the day, and some time during the night the rebel army pulled out for ( 1 alhoun, destroying the bridge over the Oostananla River. Our total loss in this series of engagements was about 800 killed and over 4,000 wounded. About 1,000 prisoners were taken, besides eight cannon. The rebel loss was about 2,500. The Sixth Indi ana lost in killed and Wounded the following named men : OFFICERS. Co. 13. Pleasant C. McGannan, wounded. ENLISTKIi MEN. Co. A. John W. Anderson, wounded. Garnet 1). Land, killed. SEVERE ENGAGEMENT. 811 Co. B. Leonard Ennis, killed May 15. Samuel II. Tull, wounded. Co. C. Jonathan C. Poland, wounded. Co. D. Thomas Q. Brady, wounded.- Henry Connet, wounded. "William McCullough, killed. Co. E. None reported, Co. F. Xone reported. Co. G. Samuel Brannan, wounded. William H. Bright, wounded. James Campbell, wounded. Gabriel Cash, killed. John Ewing, w T ounded. Aaron lluffer, wounded. Richard Hoffman, wounded. William John McComs, killed. Jordan Miller, killed. James P. McCain, wounded. Co. H. Aaron Day, killed. Jesse Hays, wounded. Co. I. None. Co. K. Wm. P. Ensminger, wounded. Lorenzo D. Martin, wounded. Daniel M. Shubart, wounded. James T. Jordan, wounded. Here we Lave a loss to the regiment of one officer and twenty-four men, and in the short space of fifteen days, our regiment sustains a loss of twenty-five at Resaca and three at Rocky Face, making 28. This from our muster roll of May 1, of 502 leaves for duty 474 ; and still the end is not yet. 312 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. On (lie morning of the l<>th, the Army of the Cumberland occupied Resaca:an<l General Sher man gave orders for rapid pursuit. There was delay, however, in passing the river, as it was necessary to throw a pontoon bridge at Kesaca, and at points above. During the day Howard s Corps crossed at Kesaca and moved forward toward Cal- houn. Our progress was slow, as stubborn resist ance was offered by the rear guard of Johnson s Army. % Our corps fought the enemy back inch by inch until we reached Kingston, which place we reached on the 18th and went into camp. At 8 o clock next morning, we moved against the enemy, and again it was a running tight, but near Cassville, we thought sure the enemy would give us battle, but when Howard s artillery opened, the tirst line of the enemy retreated in confusion and our corps advanced and occupied the position. It was here at Cassville that we got to see thv i grandest mili tary display I ever saw. The enemy had taken position near Cassville, in the woods, with a large field just in their front; in this h eld Howard s whole corps, as it were, passed in review, in plain sight of the enemy, and then while standing closed in mass, the artillery was brought up and placed in position to shell the woods, in which the rebels were stationed. There were some fifty pieces of artillery and at a given signal they were all to open on the woods. The boys will remember that our regiment was called WE TREE THE " JOHNNIES." o!3 on to defend a battery and tliat we took position just in front of it. Donft you remember, liow the large guns belched tlie tire and smoke down over us? The signal gun sounded, and then she opened up, and Great Heaven*! "Talk about noises/ such a noise and such a sight, is not often wit nessed by mortal man. Each gun was required to tire as rapidly as it could be loaded, and this kept up for at least ten or fifteen minutes. The woods were thick and heavy, and into this the shot and shell rained like hail, in a field of standing grain. The limbs were falling and timber being knocked in every direc tion. When the tiring ceased the only thing to be heard was the echo of Howard s destructive artil lery and when this died away, we could hear away to the front a rattling, tumbling noise, which we did not fully understand, until the next day, as we passed along by the woods and through Cassville, the ground in the woods was Utterly covered with the green limbs of the trees. These woods were full of rebels when the cannon opened on them, and in a few minutes they all broke in wild disorder and confusion, and an old man in Cassville told me that he never saw men so confused in his life, that both officers and men were running at full speed for the rear, and that there was no signs of any organization like a company or a regiment, it seemed to be every fellow for himself. This oc curred about sundown and the whole rebel armv 314 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. crossed the Etowah River fourteen miles away, and burned tlie bridge after them, that night. The enemy next took position at Allatoona pass. General Sherman did not pursue beyond the Etowali. The rough hills and gorges around Al latoona presented such obstacles to maneuver and attack as to deter him from a direct advance. He chose rather to make a detour to the right, to turn Allatoona, or throw his armies upon John son s communications at Marietta or the Chat- tahoochee River. He accordingly gave orders for a few days of rest, and time to repair the railroad to Cassville and accumulate supplies at Resaca. On the 23d General Sherman put his armies in mo tion south of the Etowali. Each army had supplies for twenty days in wagons. Our corps (Howard s) encamped that night just beyond a small stream they called Euharley Creek. The members of the Sixth will remember when we crossed this little stream. The rebels had attempted to burn the bridge, and it was hardly safe to cross on ac count of being nearly burned oft : and then they will also remember that we marched late at night in a drizzling rain. Andrew B. Sands, of Company K, my company, will certainly remember how impatient he became, so much so that he cursed everything and every body from the Colonel up to the President. Poor Andy was no worse oft than the balance of us, but he got very hot, and took this plan to cool oft ; and still, when we fell in next morning (24th), at THE MARCH RESUMED. 315 daylight, for a forward inarch, Andy was cooled otf and ready for duty, and there was no better soldier in Company K, nor one more ready or will ing to do his duty, than my dear old comrade Andy. The distance we marched this day was not so very far, but it was awful hot and tiresome. We camped on the night of the 24th at u Burnt Hickory." The march was resumed next morning, and our corps bore to the right in order to give other com mands room on roads running parallel, and all un der order to concentrate at Dallas. The country in front of us was hilly and covered with timber. This rough condition of the country afforded John son an opportunity to select the strongest positions to impede our progress, and he would generally fortify and hold his position until we made an un successful attempt to force his position and then fall back. This kind of warfare was costing Sher man ten men to Johnson s one, and if it could be kept up long enough would eventually win, and Sherman knew it, too, and consequently was doing his best to force Johnson to tight. This move ment to the right and concentration on Dallas caused Johnson to leave Imposition at Allatoona and throw his army across Sherman s road near Dallas, and he took another position near New Hope. CIIAITKR XIX. THE BATTLE OP NEW HOI-E. We are the screw to a big auger The desperate charge We narrowly escape capture Description of the battle The losses sustained Our next move to Kennesaw The charge upon Kenesaw Total IOPS of the Army of the Cumberland in June. When tliis was discovered we again thought we would get to try the strength of .Johnson s army, and the 2oth and 2b th was taken up in securing positions for action. An effort to turn the rebel riifht Hank received the personal attention of Gen erals Sherman and Thomas, in addition to General Howard, who was ordered to furnish the assault ing column. General T. .1. Wood s division of the Fourth Corps was selected to make the assault. This movement was on the 27th. and after a good deal of maneuvering to get in position, about 5 o clock in the evening Hazen s brigade of Wood s division was placed in the lead and the assault ordered and attempted with great vigor. The reader will please remember that General Ha/en is our brigade commander, and a brave. dashing officer he was: not a member of the old Sixth that did not know him personally; and on this occasion he left his horse in the rear and took it afoot, ami all the time we were driving in the skirmishers and their reserves General Haxen was THE DESPERATE CHARGE. 817 with our regiment on the front line, and continued there until the final charge was ordered, or on up until we came to the edge of the field, over which we charged. Here we left the General behind a tree and dashed down across the field. This field, as near as I can now estimate it, con tained about ten acres, with woods all around it. About the center was a deep ravine, running so that we went square across it in reaching the rebel works. It was quite steep down to the ravine, and even more so up to the rebel position, on the opposite side of the field. About one hundred and fifty yards to the left of our regiment, as we went across the field, was Pumpkin Vine Creek, into which the. deep ravine we crossed emptied its waters. The space between our left and Pumpkin Vine Creek was occupied by the Twenty-third Kentucky, of our brigade. The left of the Twenty- third rested on the creek. Its bank was a steep bluff, except where the ravine emptied into it. Along the bank of this was a rail fence the length of the field, and the left of the Twenty-third, as it charged across the field, moved right along this fence. On the opposite side of the field was the rebel works, hastily built of the rails of the same fence that enclosed the field. On our right was the Fifth Kentucky, commanded by Colonel Berry. In charging across the field, these three regiments kept abreast of each other until the Fifth Ken tucky struck the corner of a little woods which run down toward the ravine from the ri^ht hand 318 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH KKUIMENT. further corner of the enclosure. In these woods they stopped, while the Sixth Indiana and Twenty- third Kentucky went on up the hill and captured the rebel works the full Jength of our two regi ments. Captain Samuel McKeehan, who was acting Major, and who was the ranking officer over there, made the discovery that we had no support on either mink, and told the writer to go down where Colonel Berry was, in the woods, and tell him to charge up and take the rebel line on his front, or we would be compelled to fall back. I instantly turned to the right and started in a quick run, quartering to the rear, thinking Colonel Berry was about in that direction. I had gone about one hundred feet, which brought .me directly in front of the rebels, who still held their line on our right, when one of them tired at me as I run, but I was going a little too fast. The ball plowed across the small of the back, but not deep enough to cripple ; so, after turning a somersault, and going through some other gymnastic performances, I bounded oft down the hill, found the Colonel and delivered my message, and. with all possible speed, made my way back to my post in the reg iment ; but the first sight, upon my return, was the prostrate form of Major McKeehan lying on his face. I ran to him and lifted his head, when he put up his hand, caught my coat collar and pulled me down, then as well as lie could speak (for the poor fellow was shot in the mouth), told me to never mind him, but look after the men. WE NARROWLY ESCAPE CAPTURE. 319 I laid his head back on the ground and straight ened up with my face full to the front. The first look discovered a rebel column in good order mov ing* at quick time toward Pumpkin Vine Creek. I thought this meant mischief, and broke at the top of my speed to the left, down the line toward the creek, passing to the top of the bluff beyond the extreme left of the Twenty-third Kentucky. From here I could see no help anywhere; but this rebel column had passed by our left, down the creek, and were just coming into the field at the mouth of the ravine, and in five minutes more time would have been completely in our rear. I in stant! j gave the command to retreat, and at the same time, with all possible speed, went back up to my own regiment, yelling at the top of my voice all the way up, " Retreat ! Retreat !" and as soon as I arrived at my own regiment and company I gave the order, " Retreat square to the rear or we will be captured." It is needless to say that both reg iments broke in wild disorder for a place of safety. But the amusing part of this performance was to see the rebel commander ride in the midst of the Twenty-third Kentucky boys, and with a very gentle, sweet voice, tell them to halt and form their lines, while his own men, with fixed bayonets, were corning as fast as their legs would carry them. The boys did not halt, all the same. But the curious part was that they were so much excited that they did not notice the rebel Colonel, but made their way into our own line and were saved, except a few 820 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. on the extreme left, near the creek. The old Sixth run the gauntlet with the loss of ten men captured. By the time we reached our line, which was at the fence at the edge of the field, it was so near night that no further demonstrations were made that day. The fellows that came so near getting us, simply tell hack into their old line, while our hoys fortified, and so we rested for the night, with the field between us. General Woods division lost over fourteen hun dred men killed, wounded and missing. The loss of life in our regiment was terrible, and see how near we come to being captured, which would have about finished our earthly career, as the old boys were about done up anyhow; not man v of them could have survived another year in rebel prison pens, in our already exhausted condition. Our losses in this engagement were as follows: Officers in (o. A. Samuel K. McKeehan, killed. Co. 0. First Lieut. William A. Cummings, killed. Co. I>. Captain Andrew F. Conner, killed. Co. F. Captain Andrew J. Xewland, killed. The loss among the enlisted men of the regiment, May 27, 1804 : Co. A. Thomas Copeland, wounded. Matthew Ilillis, May 23, killed. Edwin D. Jordan, May 21, wounded. Co. B. .John Tillman, killed. Jeptha King, wounded. John B. Wilson, captured. Jeremiah Ca^le, killed. TIIK LOSSKS SUSTAINED. 821 Co. C. William R. Warren, captured. William L. Dowell, captured. William II. Spicer, captured. John Davenport, captured. Co. I). Thomas 13. Boyer, May 2(3, wounded. Dominick Barrett, wounded. James W. Perry, killed. Co. E. Levi Meads, captured. Co. F. Iverson Paun, killed. Kobert Townsend, killed. Co. (jr. Finley Bixler, wounded. Co. II. Charles Xeal, wounded. Charles W. Heath, wounded. Martin K. Cole, wounded. George Courtney, wounded and captured. Charles A. Kthriugtou, killed. Joshua W. Griffith, killed. Enoch Tlinman, captured. Joseph M. Pearce, wounded. Thomas C. Sharp, wounded. Joseph II. Seoopmire, wounded. Co. I. William Martin, wounded. Henry Bromley, killed. John M. Denton, captured. John II. Koss, captured, Co. K. Joshua Chitwood, wounded. William Jackson, killed. Jessee X. Kersey, killed. Thomas W. Lewis, wounded. William K. Wiley, wounded and captured. The above record shows a loss to the regiment 21 322 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKG1MENT. since we left Resaca of 4 officers and 87 enlisted iiK-n, a total of 41. Our hist total was 474, less 41, leaves 488. And, still, the end is not yet. And once more I innst call the attention of my comrades of the Sixth to the fact of our being* again placed in the front of the battle, and in the most dangerous place occupied by any regiment during the battle, except, perhaps, the Twenty-third Kentucky, which was just as dangerous as our own position, but no more so. I regard the charge down across this field, and the critical position we occupied after we captured the rebel line the most dangerous position on the whole line. During the month of May the Army of the Cumberland lost about 0,000 men: titf officers, and l.OJMI enlisted men were killed: 801 officers, and 6,451 enlisted men were wounded: 8 officers, and 858 men were missing. This alarming loss can be more fully appreciated it we will, but for a mo ment, reflect upon the loss in our own regiment, and then remember the great number of regiments it must take to make the great army under Sher man. The day after the battle at New Hope we lay simply watching the enemy, while others were on the front, \Ve moved slowly toward the east a few miles nearly every day, and was a full month getting from New Hope to Kenesaw, a distance of not over twenty miles. Twenty-one days of June it rained verv hard and flushed all the little THE CHARGE I PON KENESAW. 823 streams in the country, which no doubt hindered our forward movement considerably. I can re member no particular mishaps that befell the Sixth Indiana during this long, tedious movement to the left. "We lay for several days in camp near Kene saw, and when the charge was made upon the rebel stronghold there, I thought sure the old Sixth would be again placed in the front line, but I am happy to say that on this occasion we acted only as a reserve, and did not get into the conflict there on the 27th of June, and we are thankful for it. Our regiment was on the skirmish line several times while on our trip across to Kenesaw, and a few unfortunate comrades are here reported: John W. Long, of Company D, was wounded on the skirmish line, June 18, 18(>4, while near Ken esaw Mountain, Ga. John A. Lloyd, Company F, was killed on the skirmish line, June 18, 1864, near Kenesaw, Ga. Ansel B. Crippen, Company G, wounded June 22, 18(34, near Kenesaw, Ga., on skirmish line. John W. Xewkirk, Company H, killed June 18, 1864, on skirmish line, near Kenesaw, Ga. John looker, Company K, killed June 18, 18(14, near Kenesaw, on skirmish line. Here we are called upon to make another de duction from our already reduced number of 438, leaving five less than a few days ago, which leaves us only 428, or an average of about 40 men to the company, and about two-fifths of our original number. 324 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKGIMENT. During the month of June the Army of tin* Cumberland lost 5.747 men. Sixty-seven officers killed, 259 wounded and 8 missing; H73 enlisted men killed, 4.800 wounded and 40 missing. CHAPTER XX. THE MOVE FROM KENESANV. We cross the Chattahoochee Johnson takes position behind Peachtree Creek We move on to Buckhead The Sixth Indi ana takes the skirmish line We cross Peachtree on logs and driftwood A new rebel leader Who tries to draw us on His desperate charges His final repulse The enemy driven within the city limits Sherman drawing his lines around the city of Atlanta The Fourth Corps withdrawn from the front Our term of service expires, we leave the front We start for home, August 26, 1864. On July 1st, General Sherman gave orders for the movement of liis armies to the right, to turn the position he had tailed to carry by assault. On the 2d, General McPherson moved his army, and on the night following, General Johnson withdrew his army, and when morning dawned, was far on his way to other entrenchments. Early on the morning of July 3d, General Sherman entered Marietta, sending his different armies out on the various roads in pursuit of the retreating rebel army, which, however, did not act like it was very badly scared, as it was found only five miles below Marietta, strongly entrenched and prepared to hold us at bay, long enough, any how, to allow them to safely cross the Chatta hoochee Tliver. The strongly entrenched position bevond the river. held l>v the enemv, made it not 326 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH RKiJIMKXT. advisable to try to force a passage in his immediate front, and consequently Sherman moved a part of his forces up tin- river to Rosweli. a little town on the Chattahoochee, northeast of Marietta, and our regiment was among these forces. We left (Mir camp, near Kenesaw, on the 3d of hilv, moved through Marietta and on towai <l the river, hut bearing to the left in the direction of Roswell. Our division struck the Chattahoochee Hivei 1 at Powers" Ferry, which is ahout fifteen miles ahove the railroad bridge. The old Sixth Regiment did not cross the river until ahout the 7th of .Inly, hut on Hearing the ferry we had a severe skirmish and succeeded in driving them away so as t<> allow a part of our division to cross the river and put out pickets. While we lav here on the hanks of the river for two or three days, other portions of our army were pressing the enemy for possession of other ferries, hoth ahove and below us. General Schotield had captured the ferry below us. and eight miles ahove the rail road bridge, which was strong! v guarded bv Gen eral llardee. Our boys will remember of hearing the roar of artillery down the river, while General Garni rd was sent up the river to capture and hold the ford at Roswell, which he did, destroying some fac tories that for some reason had displayed the French flag. By the 9th at least three good ferries had been secured by our troops, and Sherman was rapidly throwing his army across the Ohattah THE SIXTH INDIANA TAKES THE SKIRMISH LINE. 327 cliee. Tliis caused Johnson to again tall hack, this time taking position hehincl Peach Tree Creek. Afteronr division crossed the river, we passed down on the east side as far as Price s Ferry, driving the enemy by a heavy skirmish line all the way down. When we arrived at the Ferry, we held it while Hooker s Corps came up and crossed. Hooker s troops relieved us, and we at once joined our corps and moved to Buekhead. On the night of the 17th our corps rested on Nancy s Creek, a tributary of Peach Tree Creek. The movement of the army had been delayed that it might have; time to recruit and rest up, but bv the 17th Sherman resumed his forward move ment. Our corps now lay at Buekhead, a small town some ten or twelve miles from the river, and in the direction of Atlanta, but moved up and helped to form one continuous line of battle, with our faces all turned toward Atlanta. On we moved, slowly and cautious 1 ^ , watching every step, meeting only a strong skirmish line of the enemy both on the 18th and l ( Jth, but on Tuesday, July 19, we struck the enemy strongly posted on Peach Tree Creek, among the hills and hi lifts, awaiting our approach*. On the morning of the 20th our division was placed on the front line, with the Sixth Indiana on the skirmish line, when we undertook to cross the creek, which we did on drift-wood and logs. The skirmishing was severe and our crossing hotlv contested, but the Sixth drove the rebel 328 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. picket bark mi their reserve ami then back to their iiiii ni line. In the meanwhile the whole army crossed over, paying hut little attention to the- creek, ami formed the line again. Hut just at this time it was discovered that a gap existed between Thomas and Schotield, some distance to our left, and we were imniediataly re lieved from the front, and our division and Stan- lev s, of our corps, were sent on quick time to till this gap, and it was a lucky move for the old Sixth, for just in front of where we left the line the enemy was lying/ 1 // ttio&ri, just ready to spring upon us. They lay quiet, showing lmt little signs of resistance, until near 4 o clock in the evening: then called in their picket lines like- they were again going to retreat, hut all at once they were seen coining in line of battle and without skir mishers. With a yell and a rush they made for the other division of our corps, which was Newton s. It was a surprise indeed, as our hoys thought they were leaving the field again. But our hoys were fortunate in having a temporary rail breastwork to fall behind. Our men were soon rallied, ami held the enemy in check. The order was given to meet the charge 1 with counter-charge , and for a while tlu 1 two columns were mingling in battle, but the enemy was finally driven back. The bat tle raged until about 9 o clock before the enemy gave way. but being repulsed in every attack, they fell back to their intrenchments, leaving many of their dead and wounded on the field, and with the A NK\V RKIJKL LKADKR. 329 loss of over 1,000 prisoners. This was Hood s first appearance on tin. 1 field after lie took com mand on the 17th, when Johnson was relieved as the leader of the rebel army. The rebel com mander, Johnson, was by far the best General of the two, but the eccentric southern fiery chivalry wdtild not stand this idea of being chased all over the country, and they were going to show the Yankee invaders that this business was going to be stopped, so Johnson was relieved and Hood placed in command. Hood was goini>* to do us up in short order, so he doubled his army up in the shape of a great battering ram, and here he come, but his experience was that of the ram that was tied to the gate-post. Hood took two butts at us and one at Thomas at Nashville, but this last butt cured him from butting, as he never tried it again. On the 22d Hood withdrew from his main line of fortifications, about a mile and a half nearer Atlanta. This induced Sherman to think that the enemy did not longer intend to defend the city, but in this Sherman was mistaken. Hood was only drawing us on tor the second assault, which was made in a desperate manner. Charge after charge was made upon our lines from right to left, and in a manner worthy of a better cause. These charges all met with the same result a most crushing repulse and, too, at a most terrible cost of life on the part of the rebels. Fortunately, the old Sixth Indiana did not hap pen to be on the front line in any of these deadly 330 HISTORY OK THE SIXTH REGIMENT. engagements, as our trip around to the left did not only save us from the first assault, on the evening of the 20th, hut placed us in the second line. This was a most fortunate affair for our regiment, for, indeed, we had seen so much hard service that, now that our time for final discharge was so near at hand, it would have heen a pity, indeed, for any of the hoys to serve this long and then not get home. However, it was not for us to remain on the second line very long, as we were again placed in tlie front when the lines hegan to close in around the city on the 23d. Our army now held every railroad running into the city hut one (or. perhaps, two); that was the Macon Railroad. The West Point Railroad intersects the Macon Railroad at Kast Point, a town ahout ten miles south of At lanta, and as this Macon road was Hood s only source for supplies, of course Sherman made a strike for it. This caused a general move around toward the right, or west and south of the citv. Ahout this time General Howard was relieved of the command of the Fourth Corps, and General Stanley placed in command. Our corps still re mained in its position on the left, hut close-up to the rebel works, while the - Jonnies" occupied the gopher-holes along our front. Ou the 3d of August a general movement to the right was commenced, still leaving our corps in its place, on the left. To attract the attention of rebels from this right flank movement, we were required to make a vigorous demonstration along the line of our front, even throwing shells into the citv. SHERMAN S LINKS DR\\\N AROUND ATLANTA. 331 Agust 6th still finds us holding the same line, but about this time Sherman ordered up, from Chattanooga, some heavy rifled guns to batter the city while the great heavy shells were being drop ped over into the city. Sherman was gradually extending his lines to the right toward East Point, knowing that to get possession of this place, would cut off the retreat as well as the supplies of Hood, but Sherman made the discovery, that Hood held well fortih cd lines from Decatur on the Georgia R. R., directly east of Atlanfa, all the way around the city in our front and extending to East Point on the Macon R. R., presenting a battle front of about fifteen miles. Hood was holding the inside line and if it was fifteen miles long, how long must Sherman s line be in ordei\ to cover Hood s front? Sherman s lines were already as long and light as he dare make them, and this put the " Old Man " to thinking. Sherman knew that Hood s disposition, would force him to do something in a short while, and the Old Man decided to let him "alone" a little while, and in the meanwhile amuse him by throwing a twenty-pound shell into the city, now and then. And sure enough Hood, just as Sher man supposed he would, committed the blunder of sending all his cavalry some ten thousand strong in Sherman s rear, to strike his communications. As soon as Sherman learned of this move to his rear, he at once set about to use his own cavalry to strike the Macon R. R., in Hood s rear, and Kil- 332 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. patrick was ordered to do the work. From the 14tli to tin- 18th, there was continuous fighting on the right, while our own corps was continually mak ing demonst rations, like we were going to make a dash on the lines in our front, any hour in the day. But, Sherman finally hecoine dissatisfied with the success of the cavalry and decided to Hank the city; so on the 25th of August our corps, the Fourth, was withdrawn from the front to the high ground in the rear of the Twentieth Corps, to cover the retirement of the latter ^> the farther side of the Ohattahoochee to hold the railroad hridge, and to ii uard the material there 1 accumu lated. The morning of the 2(>th found us resting quietly in camp, with orders to prepare to march at once, and the Fourth Corps did march away to the right as far as Mount Gilead church, hut this marching order was not oheyed hy the- old Sixth Indiana, not that she was afraid to o, or disposed to he disobedient, or any thing of that kind. But the old Sixth had orders to go in a different direc tion. She- was notified that her term of enlist ment had expired, and was ordered to cease firing , and to turn her face homeward, and to report to Indianapolis for final discharge. (f/on oH* Av/r* / How the hearts leaped for joy! A great lump (tome up in the throat, making us too full for utter ance. While, "the eye, in spite of all that we could do " grew moist with tears of joy. Home, Home, Sweet Home: Father, Mother, Wife and IJahies; these words and thoughts alone filled the EXPIRATION OF TERM OF SERVICE. 333 mind of the few of us who were left, and for the first time in our history we turn our back upon the enemy, and strike out for Home. What strange feelings came over us, as we widen the space between us and the front. The rattle of the musketry grows weaker by every step, until fi nally lost to the ear entirely; the pour of the artil- lepy towapd Jonesboro can still fee heard, but grad ually it too dies away, into a faint rumble like distant thunder and it too is soon lost to our hear ing. Wai* to us is a thing of the past, our warfare is over. The reader may imagine, but the writer can not describe the feelings of the few veterans composing the remnant of our once splendid regiment. Three years ago, young, strong and full of life and vigor, we bid our friends good-by and started to the front to help maintain the honor of the nation, and pro tect the flag of our country. And now, after chasing the enemy thousands of miles through the mud and slush in winter, and the broiling hot sun and heat of summer, and engaged them in battle at Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamanga, Chattanooga, Knoxville, Buzzard Roost, Resaca, New Hope, and Kenesaw, besides hundreds of mi nor engagements, in everyone of which the enemy was made to fly for his life, except wr, that of Chickamauga. And, now, finally, when we have him completely surrounded iu the very heart of his own country, and we are still found at our post and ready to strike the final blow, we are told to 334 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. hold ! you have dour enough, leave the crushing blow to those who have done less than you, that you may be spared to your friends to tell the story. Go /iont< and toll your friends that the enemy is ours. Go home and enjoy the blessings of a grate ful country. Tired and weary, worn to the quick by our heavy burdens, covered with dirt and tilth from the camp and field, and our powder-burnt hands and faces, we willingly obey this our last order, and turn our faces homeward. But before we leave the front we must account tor a few of our comrades who are missing. Henry Smith, of Company C, was killed near Marietta, on July 4, 1864. John Hill, of Company C, was killed near At lanta, on July 25, 1864. James Johnson, of Company E, was wounded near Atlanta, July 25, 1X64. Leonidas Bryant, of Comyany F, was captured near Atlanta, and Thomas Duxan, of Company F, was also captured near Atlanta. CHAPTER XXI. DESCRIPTION OF THE KOUTE HOME. We land at Indianapolis We are paid otT and get our discharges The final good-bye. Yes, we widen, the space between us mid the muskets rattle and the cannon s roar ; step by step forward we move; no stragglers, no orders to close up in the rear; how nimble the boys seem: there must be something of special interest ahead. But this tramping process is too slow for us, so just after crossing the Chattahoochee we round into Vining Station and take the train for Chatta nooga, about 4 o clock in the afternoon of the *26th of August. This beat walking all to pieces, al though we rode in box cars, which, you know, are not provided with cushioned seats. We had just 130 miles to make Chattanooga; but the reader will be surprised when I tell him that we actually made the rapid speed of ten miles [in hour. Ar riving in Chattanooga about daylight next morn ing, the old regiment left the train and went into camp up on the Rossville road, and right close to the house where Joshua Chitwood and I stole the chicken. I went up next day and offered to pay the lady for it, but she refused to take anything, and said it was all right. We had hardly got our tents pitched until our convalescents at Chatta- 336 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. nooga came up to see us. Here we took a general wash-up, and got plenty of rations. While here our recruits, whose time had not expired, were transferred to other regiments, while all the con valescents of our own regiment, who were able to travel, were ordered to join us on our homeward trip. We left Chattanooga on the 30th, about 4 o clock in the evening, and daylight next morning found us at Stevenson. Here we learned that the rebel. Wheeler, had destroyed the railroad on our direct route, and we did not get away from Stevenson until September 1, in the afternoon, and then we took the train by way of Iluntsville, where we ar rived next morning. \\ r e lay here only a short while and moved on by \vay of Athens. Here we met Wheeler s fortes and had to get oft and form in line of battle. But Wheeler did not wish to tight, and moved off rapidly. We again loaded up and pulled out toward Pulaski. We went only a short distance until we found the track torn up. This was repaired, and the next morning we moved on up to 1 ulaski, lay here only a little while and moved on. We run out about twelve miles and again found the track destroyed. The train started back to I ulaski, and run only a short distance until our train run oft the track. The rebels had got around in our rear and torn up the track. Eight of our cars were badly smashed up, but nobody was seriously hurt. We had a terrible time, however, repairing the road and get- HOMEWARD BOUND. 337 ting the cars hack on the track. Here is where the boys tore down the 1 old rebel s house. With the help of other troops we-got on the track again all right, and started back to where the road was torn up in our front and began work on the de stroyed track. It was the I Oth of September when we got ready to move on. We run on up to Co lumbia, and here we left the train, loaded our bag gage on wagons, and took it afoot over the river and until we come to the cars again. We boarded the train and run up about twelve miles, and again come to where the track was torn up. Here we got oii and walked about three miles to Thomp son Station. Here we stopped over night. Xext day, the l^th, we took the train for Xashville, where we arrived some time in the night. Nearly all the boys went to hotels this morning and got a square meal. We lay here in Nashville only one dav, but the boys had a big time, and not a few got quite jolly, but on the 14th we again took the train and pulled out for Louisville, where we arrived next morning early. We went at once to Jeffersonville, and that same after.noon took the train for Indianapolis, where we arrived in the 1 night. From the train we went to Camp Carring- ton. This brings us up to the lOth, in the even ing, and this night we rest quietly in the capital city of our own Hoosier State. From this up to the :22d, it was a "free-for-all n race. The boys had things pretty much their own way, while the officers were preparing the pay-rolls 22 338 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. and final muster-out rolls. But on the *22d day of September, 1864, the rolls were all ready, and the hoys marched to the Capitol Building, and signed the pay-rolls for the last time, and received their tinal discharge, and rolled out for />///< on the first trains. This terminated the existence of the old Sixth as a regimental organization, and like drift-wood upon a turbulent stream, we have heeu tossed about by the storms of life until we are no\v scattered throughout the length and hreadth of the land. " Poor wanderers of a stormy day. From wave to wave we re driven." A great many of our comrades have long since been stranded upon Hie stormy beach, while a few still cling to the old ship as she rushes down the stream of Time. The breakers ahead of us are many and dangerous. In trying to avoid one. we are dashed against another, and we, too. will soon go down with the sinking ship. But my dear old comrades we have this to console us in our old age: That when the life of our Nation was in danger, and the old Ship of State was about to sink, we dashed into the breakers, at the risk of our own lives, and went to her rescue at the cost of our own blood and trials and hardships untold. AVe brought her safely to shore, with her colors proudly floating to the hrce/e. and to-day we see her mistress of the oceans all over the civilixed world. LAST ROLL-CALL. 839 Our labors in helping to crush the great rebellion will be best appreciated by generations yet to come, and when the last old soldier shall have passed to liis final resting place, then our children will rise up and call us b/cwt/. IIOW .MANY ANSWKKKM AT THE LAST ROLL-CALL. The number of officers of the Sixth Regiment, present to answer to their names at the final roff.- c<dl, was twenty-three. Of this number, seven were regimental officers, and only one of the seven was of the original staff Dr. Sell ussier. Of the other six, three had been promoted from the line and three from the ranks. Of the sixteen line officers, two only were of the original organization; all the others had been brought up from the rank. We had for final muster-out : 1 Lieutenant-Colonel. 1 Major. 1 Adjutant. 1 Quartermaster. 1 Chaplain. 1 Surgeon. 1 Assistant Surgeon. 8 Captains. 8 First Lieutenants. 47) enlisted men of Company A. 40 B. 4fi " " " C. 340 HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH RECIMENT. 31 enlisted men of Company D. 27 E. 43 F. 32 <;. 31 II. 30 I. 31 K. 37.") men still in the regiment when its time expired. Of this numher .~>4 were at home wounded, or too sick to report for final muster out, hut had their discharges sent to them. Five officers of the regiment were killed in action. Three officers died of wounds received in action. Company A had 13 men killed in action. B 11 c 11 It I) 3 u E 6 u F 11 (i 1 " II 7 " I 4 l< K 5 Total... 7 ;> > killed in action. Company A had 6 men die of wounds. I ) -2 K 4 LAST ROLL-CALL. 341 Company F had 2 men die of wounds. G " M II ;, - ! j u u " K 4 " Total 38 died of wounds. Company A reported 10 men wounded in action. 13 # u u t ; *< n " _L K ^ u (4 G 31 " u I! u 17 " Total 121 wounded in action. The officers not already reported, who were wounded, are Colonel H. Tripp and Captain C. C. Briaiit, of Company K, and Lieutenant L. II. Hill, of Company. K. The following condensed statement will show the casualties among the officers : Colonel Philomen P. .Baldwin was killed at Chickamauo-a, September 10, 18<i8. Captain Samuel Russell was killed at Chicka- mauga, September 10, 1863. B 8 u C 4 u D 16 . E 12 b F 4 (( G 31 II 17 44 I -2 it K 17 U o42 HISTORY OP THE SIXTH RECIMKNT. Captain Frank P. Strader died December 1;">, 1S1J8, of wounds received in action at Missionary Ridge. Captain Andivw F. Conner, killed in action at New Hope, Georgia, May 27, 18(14. Ca[>tain Andrew J. Xewland, killed in action at New Hope. Georgia, May 27. 1864. Major Samuel F. McKeehan, died -July lo, 18(54, of wounds received in action at New Hope, Geor gia, May 27, 18(54. First Lieutenant Alanson Solomon, died May 11, 18(52, of disease, at Washington, Indiana. First Lieutenant William A. Cumtnings was kille<l in action at New Elope, Georgia, May 27, 1864. First Lieutenant George B. Green died October 28, I8(5o, of wounds received in action at Brown s Ferry, October 27th, 18(53. Second Lieutenant Jerome I*. Holcomb died June 12, 18(5:}, of accidental wounds. Second Lieutenant Charles Xeal died June 22, 18(54, of wounds received in action at New Hope, (Ja., May 27, 1864. Tlie number of men who died of disease in the regiment during the service were 1 : Company A, 4 died of disease. B, 14 " C, 7 < D, 13 " E, 11 " F, 7 < G, 7 u LAST ROLL-CALL. Company IT, 7 died of disease. I, 17 " K, 9 " Total. ..93 died of disease. The number discharged from the service on ac count of disability were: Company A, 7 men discharged. B, 2 C, 1(3 D, 19 E, 25 " F, 21 " G, 17 - 4 11,21 I, 25 " K, 21 " Total. ...190 discharged for disability. The number in the regiment captured were: Company A, 5 men captured. B, 5 " a p q a vy ? D, 14 " E, 2 " F, 4 G, 3 H, 3 " T K u a 1, K, 1, and lie was wounded. Total. ...51 men captured. 844 IN-TORY OF THE SIXTH KftilMI ,\ J w e X w 33 i i fc * ^" S > t|J > 5 w < N W ^ ^ 2 ^ 8 *2 J <v wl 33- S a s3 ilSss CO <^ x QO Sf <o OC QC OC $ JS S 2S ^i 1-1 a 8.8! = > ^*S 111 ~ " x i-> I Q I S * l S c S oc .5 * c c 3 c 1 1 III i lit S w q = ^ & 2 ?Si a o s III ^ a. 5 | if ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. ft Z* ^ - ^ ! *f s 5 <rf 3 s0 .* = O 3 ^CO ^ 0, 34o co CO CO CO 00 OO OO ou 3T ee OJ .HS 8" g r-t CO CO CO oo oo s II ) & 5*5 ill 1 1 1 1 11 6JD s 93 > e bd - b i K . c Q H E H. Richard h J. Siddall i p 34(1 HISTORY OK. THi: SIXTH KK< - 1 .M I INT. ft 2 O C M rt <U 3 ;1 I Co M ut be e -- a*J= -2 oted oted red tem ^ o b *s x "o 2 3 a 1 g-.S 3 2 2 3^ c, a o-:i,S a,ffi red. rf s S i * co to . oo oo sfoT . co CO CO CO QO OO 00 QO 00 QO gfcf^Tefsi ~ & o S o 5 i 1 6 a 1 * >% * >* ea a c i i "11 *> 2 2 o o .S 111 : 1 1 1 o i s -^ y Kavanaugh C. Whaley . . De Ja 2 Se B 8 I 3 s ^ BIW laney orn an 5 * De Th OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. :U7 wls ill? is 38- g O 30} OH ^ V ^ 000 a a a 2 2 o c o s.spa O t O >H V > c c 22f 3 3 CM o o a rq rt bO 22 i CO ",O oo oo oo oo fsf CO co , co oc oo 1 -7 rH C<J (N CD CO CO OO 00 OO rH (M CO CO CO CO co oo oo c 111 II o> c 3 . . . I ace ooo g sac ooo GOG S *H ^ J? a S eS j> -5 !> 11 c-b i^ 11 ^fc S?1 S,2 L M. C. 34* HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RK<!IMKNT. W H 5 5 ~ .5 V5 "o o -^ -3 >-. a a^ji a a g .2 3X3 Promoted Resigned Promoted <M Tt C SC --C CC OO 30 * O o W M ^ s ill "S"! I _3 _3 3 33 a a a a 3 3 a J3 *c _ ScS 111 668 * 5 B 5 w -^ "S a ^ ^ = = Q * C "2 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 849 1 I I wr ^ ^T* C<1 O & l * V S i I 8a ^H <M CO CO 00 00 r- 1 CC CO ^O oo oo ^ S S 1 ^ -b D O- 3 OD < H, C<l (N -H oq co Tf CO CO 00. CC %% cTcTcT !N CO <M Sf cT ^ o o o o x ao x CD a a i i a c o o Isil 5^ a o er lon Mi D ^ ^ a a - 2 ._2.S -OTS =5 fe P. PT R. Van T Rodarme HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. c c c sec 3 I Promoted First Promoted First Promoted First *-> M C^l CO *> - C O oo oc oc oo as -O CO C cc oo oo III 1 o ^ i-S 3 , >.ei 31 Ill ll 8? 5 GJ a c a c C C C y oo c c 000 * 1 ft ? be 6c &c CCS c c c CO CC CO < CO QO 00 i lll -H CO ^ CO CO CO 00 00 QC I" i t CO ^ OO QO 00 II i slJ ^ II . 4s i 14 s I II j S| 8 i ^J I ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 351 e c C C "s s r3 J sf , n fill g^-e S l^sg a al fc o o ^H ^CH Promoted 1 Promoted ] Resigned M Mustered o Promoted C Mustered Term ex] Resigned JV Promoted ] Killed acci Murfrees CD CD CD oo yj oc CD CC oooo - oo oo sfsf CD . CD GO 00 rH . -H O iO CO CO t:t ifeS t-H CO CD CO 00 00 G-t 1 rH 70 CO $ ti rfi X II I -s H O> S & fc 111 H ^ i .2 3 S Q a s $ OD & s a |a PH <B . < u2rH i i ll S3 | ^ a a a a o i IS C HISTORY OK THi: >IXTH i;K< . IM KXT. o oc -o oo ^ *" H r^ x *-H GO c^ ^ o ^ **^ ^^ a a s a a a a oo = - - "5 O e """ ** 9 s o Js II 5 a .5F = 5 ~ ^^,- a .SP a si si coS c a a "So "Sb a a si /= g .5 - -^. a a a 2^ a 3 S 3 S QC X X 00 30 Sf . o ^o" . o . 10" ^ CO C-l ^ <N -M C-l 5<l CO -O "-C "-C --C CO 00 00 CX5 00 I llll tc ac a M> &c c a o c c a a ^: a a a a 2; a a c a a a a a llijl Mill I ^llf; ^ ^ 3l5* |^| | | g|| || .Q j S x. OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 353 .I 5 ? I* CO C *- If ^Sss W55&I !lJ!5? 1 s>3 1 S g si allS foO 11 11 2 2 ^ a 53 *.* . <N CO CO oo oo 8 "M CO co to co oc x oo cTooVf <M (^ 0-1 QJ 3 K X -r -^ o^cxT ^r c <>) i-H rH C *J a 5, a 52 *a * &s CK"-5 Oj ^ *J 333 CQCQCQ 3 3 CQCQ 3 3 coaa 3 3 MCC g as H J4 g " S M 2 2-c CQ 05 iS 23* o- O S! ca OQ 354 III>TOI:Y OF TIN-: SIXTH KK<;I.MI:\T. -2 06 o "a ?c~~ if a S X ^t^l ^ 2 a M pd c5 ^ - I *rt 1 J-fa it J|. Illl II" 2 Mustered term ex Promoted Promoted 55 ti QC GO 1 11 i y ocC 55 oVC e c " OS V -J a 1 ^s O "? 9 taF co D w o ^ S c 2 oo oc w coco w c gi 2 If sP fe i s i *2 ! ! I! H a 1 c c c c c 2 c ^ 5 25 ^5 ?: C c "c "c B M i : ; 25 S j< < OS 2 n M c c Q H B 9 g QC H S P "* W II ** 3 re K 2 H t- B , jr Q J S = E c .5 | ^S 52H E ~ M W C e ^c ~ x cf OFFICERS AND ENLISTKD MKX. 355 d ^ 1 6 * """ EVICE BAND. ,EMARKS. q oi 1 .1 u ten ant Co s-, 3 HH Q CQ M OJ *4 *J QQ ft 73 M - ce X lab 1 1 a 3 "ac "33 X <1 < 3 1 O O 1 PH OD O o d "c > a a a E w 1 i 2 1 2 c- 1 o CD GO I CD oo i ^^ M C W rH r H | W H o" H J <M s" CO " X 8 "^ M -W Q <3 CM 1 1 "a. ^ 55 H " iJ ^ **5 o c g ^ H S i 02 O J 1 .i - r , 1 rtt I 1 a 03 C" 1 ERGEANT-MAJ fc a c/r rr .RTERMASTER GEANt. PH ^ a el h fe ^ -2 1ISSARY SERG , William . 8PITAL STEWj IIB, William > 53 S ^ p * ^ *^ O ~ ^. & ^ o >^ w o ^ cc r-* O HISTOIJY <>F TIIK -ivni 1 : 1 ! , I M I -:\T. 1 O i -^ ^ O X ^Xi X 3C ^ 2 >>>> = I S3S CCSCCCC-C B i d 4 i3 k ^k. ^S ^ > 1 o* ^3 aj S " OKFICKRS AND KNLISTKD MEX. 357 QO 00 00 00 00 5 S 5 5 c S Q QO CO OO 00 00 GO GO 358 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KKiilMKXT. 1 1 * <M "H. ,1 " 53 22 -" c^ Ililfl! 33 o ^ r- o c OT: T2 "C "O 2^ i o 3 5 OQ -< Sb s . .s . S* 5! |||l o *^^ - "^* p *^ Cu ^""^ M 5 ^-^ J >"2~-^ >n l i III! OFFICERS AND ENLIST) ;D MEN. 359 41 H *> 1! . CO 3 3 a ^-p -JM CO O O O c/2 so ^O ^^ ^ cotS rtTS ? oooo 1 - ^ - ^ +* a < I CM Dropped Oc Mustered o H Islflll * > 1 o> 2 ^9 V CU Si 1 1 i>5 Pl( > cT i-} a II 3 ^H -g C G 2^7- c o Ora a - .2 llflill cj BS S-5 3^3 r^j ro rn rn ro ro rn i|| 336 ^WH ri, III 860 HISTORY OK THi; SIXTH KI-:< . I.M K.VJ . ec ~e s s g ~ < *>^ t; a fl q B% gf fe 53 ~ ". * > tS fllT oco^ o"S= OK "C O C"? TTT 1 "* "C ** 2S-r 2 *> ft 1 IS ~ S^ gg77 ^s !""- cs .^3^^ "O T3 S "o "S "o U; 5 So N S s i 2 r , s s ,9 o . . JS " r 5^5^ S. ^ t e t =* ro * * = OlTfCKRS AND KNLFSTEI) MKN. 8 .5 sf v CO rf 82 > H .- _ p, fe * oo r s "* OQ 5 c<r^ c-; ^ ^^ " c- "5 S *S ^ 3 3 cc - Q 3 O O . * . -H 8 -S-S ^ -j? -^co ^ti^ SgC ^^^ utH^ . ,Tf< ; c>^5o ::!Oco co o a3 oco^^co S ^ ^ 2 2 oo 2 2 M x ^"22 2 p ^2 -" *^ -* *~1 N c<f - "cs ^ ^ ^- a a s<r t Lou May -5 t^r- -^^33 s a J w 2 ts O O Is x <y^ a^? OF r o o o y ^^3 o o -- w T3 * 1? *; P fc ^ O -2 ct3 "3 br ^ T3 T3 w <T gr.^ $ -; ^c22 o ^-*:^ ^^ S S si|S^slgB2sSfl SS Jl ^| ia-I-jj|] |j||a |l I || I |^|g-|f j% |py I || I II 1 **IJti*-S.-l i* MM J HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKCIMKNT. REMARKS. i ! ^ i l 1 | .1 I Sfs 1" a i sf js I 4 i . .1. . .^ai s"S 8 - -t l x-t < aj I < ^ ^arar* tis | SfTf-t5-r :X> ,rT iii*illl|4illlllrf c iii-pi^ii^-yiiii 4 liljlMi|Ils|ll|ifl. O"* Q^J) Q O c^S j, S " _ , Q Q Q cC ^ g Q ;> s "^3 cS^"t;< ^ ^ ^ ti* J S3 T3 ^ V ^ ^ ^^H w ^3 -? -i ai^ja,o35;g ( )a;* s aa) k * J a5Si "SflbJ;^ s3Sai 133333? llls i i slil s5sass^S5QaS<ssQ s^ss SI 1 c-f OS *; 1" DKNCB. a i 1 (-7 M . . > . to w_ S NAMES AND RA B$"2SS^^2-lf^a^a ^&J*^^ V *-S3 e ^oS;; T3 O5l fla) S ? fl 9 9 a*Sl Mi^ili^llfili M01 "-^ jjp I s ! * s"- 3 1 1 1 s * 1 - * % 1 4 --I iililiiiilliiffii [fii "^ & ~ r -- ." ,~ .-* -C-C SS-.3<li <S*5<S4> OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 363 o ^ a CO O oo S a -M rf p_ 111! -2 ff r^ o^co OQ a, 3 x -e S-^ * fl G eg u.g Q.-S I I 0^ a a I .1 i .1 82 "* "- ^ " r &, OO -< C 00 T".^ > -s s^l^^ ga ^ > i= < *- L j ^T 1 OT >H ill ^ -$aa dd 5 5 - ^ s i i i ,0. >i-( "H .-; ..* ^2 .^H .-< |^^ -SII-S S 1 ^ rf / S 1 & T -H , - w 1 3<>4 HISTORY <>F THE SIXTH RKUIMENT. 1 = ft a os " eS a * o ,25 -2 3 4, 3 o o 2 IE I T3 a a a ^- a . OS 0M ft 111! III] -o *, y w ^^ s s^ d^ zo S y J . on, John r, Alon Hen the ge, Pa Pr Bu OFFICERS AXJ) ENLISTED MEN. 365 J ftl 1 a a ^ WWW 000 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KI-XilMKNT. , 56 II 5 S oo -J5 2 sr ~ - * ^ <^~ ri * 3.- "<=>- ... a. 3 > 3* 9 - c x ?? o ^ ^ g V=T ^ 5 *^ ^fS 2 T3 C """S 1 W ^2S N~ ^^^ S aT*- 1 K^VSeC^S aT 9 -~2~ c t-l . . ~ <M -^ | r v ^^ | 2 "-3 = ^ "a. > ^i -S Sal - & SJ^&jhiSrf O ^^ ^ a sr IB 4 *^* J2 ^ & * o *" o^ ^ ^5 .5 s 1 Discharged Discharged o 1 Mustered o ^^^ t?0 ;iiii Illl! Sc S CU -, . 8 1 fo H 00 ?J 3 - - .. - - - - - - - . - . O GS 1 C K o 5 r , H So 22 a .5- ^ 2 3 S - 2 = i 5 5 1 5 3 S 55 I c c * W -? hd ^s />% r"5 - SJ * (L 1 ^ > 1 1 ^tc- ;- hrt W ^ ee ~ C cO *J "* C - c ^.S c s n u cce o s I c OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 3(>7 r - rh ^ oT ft !sa!r -s -*.-* Ssi-rf -r-=^-g ir>M .!- i -s MiSjf^-iM Ji 1 I HISTORY OF THE SIXTH REGIMENT. I ;. g* I* I .gf "I < f QS & ;!! gig GC5 , ^ in ii si^ ? MKJ. II ?! l^ri-lflll ^ s - x ? = -? -fl ^ S * * -a 5 *2 S "^ S ^ S C5Q b^ "" ~ ^ 3 "^ , * .S x 3^ iS-^ SS^ i 3 *^^^) ^S.-2 es O G -^ *~ " _-^i d x OFFICERS AND KN LISTED MKN. oo S 11 ?s-. i- > ^ 3 a^ 2 ?5 ^ ^ -"^ o Slf 5"^ a 2f^" T3 *jftii*arftg ^||||^f|j Wb|--*|lljp ilMill!fl > i x S-tfl * ac ^ llllal^il^ H*. < s"*9 *SR 12 . F Oa ^ r cSo .^^ai^^^aiS^a-Sr V? 1. > *e-l J" - & *- 1*4 V? If ii M h Regiment R. C. Disc ansfer ansfer d at New Hope May at Chattanooga Febr ^- s 11 B" 1 00 c a-o o a, a; && 7 13 r5 r^T3 Ji a ^-i HQ HH as OQ C C T3 c3 CS OJ HHQ g I ^ 00 o 1 % IN CO "tf CO -f CO TP ^O ^O CO CO CO CO CO GO GO GO OO 00 00 GO I II I III I "5 - "~ ^ |^| 2| I JJU I ii^ si fS ^= *I ^ ^ 1 I | ^ T a. 2 03 870 HISTORY OK Tin: SIXTH KJ.;I:MI:VI 1 a a 1 B si c^ o c c 08 4, 3 * B-2Z *j -u a oc 4/ Z g!*. 5 SH.- If _ ST as =S 5 8 5 * .s .".i: & ^h X 5 ?= c O to M * 5 H S ofS L- ^r^ *a fc- ansferre ouisvil F ^ -^ ^? *"^ . C C C .; ; -- a> r Ii .1 Q i So So So t. g^ 3 I x-55 = * 2 00 QO X s* o t S S t ^ nsfe recor und nsfe JI-8 o 1 * oi ai QHH 1 ! t 1 5 2 V ^i- ^s^- >C 00 00 00 00 e* o = *<? i! >li :- i OFFICERS AND KXLISTED MEN. 371 I . a I rff i 3 S O ||| I 1^41 1 - i gg S HG S a a S72 HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH KK< JIMENT. 85 S <u o> Iff - * = .JT oi~ be ^2 : . . ft-Q^J Q -_s s Sf a 2 = (5 j a S 5 I I 2 ill I a CQ 3 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 373 ?f M H. IS OO 00 eS r-t JJ^Tf ^ Tfl CO "** ^f - _ Tf J/2 OO OO QO OO Q QO 00 "^ 4> OQ ~c^ c<i ^ s^i ^H c<i GO "^ a? c-i ,^00 O O Z & -O 13 C O a S S 22:;^ ^ 4> 4) 4) 4> O ^S ^S -j *2 __, Q^ 00 00 3D O2 s a a a . ^j *j *j *j a, a. a. PH <w a> a) a) QCOQCBOD "s "S "s "s 0000 I 1111 21 s mi S s ?? s s a s .... * OB MUSICIAN. Perry, Thomas . . WAGONER. >> ft vT 9 fl M PRIVATES. Aiilt, Jessee. . . . Ault, Henry . . . Ayers, George W . Barkalow, William Barnhardt, George Bozelle, Johnson . Breach, Joseph M Brown, Virgil A Bucy, Paul . . . Clark, Enos. . . Cooper, Isaac C.. Cummings, Gordin David, Daniel . Davis, Aaron S . Dillman, James A Dall, William H 374 HISTORY <>K Till: SIXTH KK< MM KNT. 7 s * 1) c "i 00 ISIS o 0> OO -S O O T3---O O o S< "~ "? ~ s S? U -= s C Q o CM c: o s X I - -l^g J g 5^ 1g.r ? 3 3 O O OFFICERS AND ENLISTKD MEN. 3 PH O +* c S 4. tered out Sept. 22, 4. ^T 1 Qi TF ^T * ^T 1 ^J 1 ^3 CO **2 to CO CO SO CO ^^ *^ CO c^ *^ oo 52 oc oo "~ooooooo oo oo 6jo .2 i I 3 ,_( ^-i 7-J i ( r-l r_ rH ^-I^HjJ 1 ^ O a Jilll j_2 ^ _g 3 - i g f ^H^S5 r- O >> S t 1 5 fl s- IMIlil^^ ^o^o^ g %s*f&l\l fc23 c a oQQW ecSoooooooo SS^^^SSSS^ * OnPn ns ^ C a* * HISTORY OF TH1. >!XTU KK< i I M I.N I . I I b s 3. S w If 00 g .s i .i 3 <* ^ 00 J >-> - <M ?J ^^co_j ;r <j _ ^ - ^* a.:c *T *C c ^* ^ ^"^ ~ - * O T C 2 ^l" ^^^Og ^ t^ ^" t< JKCC O l 9S Sooa55 ^ o ^^ ^^ 1 i ^ S? S ff "g 1 "S * 1 |.1 | f fill |j||||||f|| ||| i| Ss 5 S -/ . ^ M g 00 4 en" !5 . t j C ^ c ! z Raper, Mathew Reynolds, James Roberts, Fra Robbertson, Wil Shriinpton, Jose Silnonton, Davic ^ . |> a^.^ s j llltll I c 1 1 05 c Is ?4 38 ri OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. . 17 i <N >^S ^ ~~ SO ftlilfi = n g bd h Q ss 3 s o ^ ~ -^ fe c bo "? 7 7 .^r- 2 2 a S.SS^Ss _3 "S. e8 O i sf ! 35 I 1 a "H. - O S I 3 rO p .> Q Po GO CO ~ | 28 a || I 22 o cqco oc ^ -"^ CO" -s ^ I II p Sna co oc oo oo"co" " S S "S- **\ (**S ^ G C CO CO - ^D TO 00 CD r- 00 S S "5*2 -sO h.99 3 : : ll a a 3 3 O 2 " tf | OJ gj i I |J3 ^ 7-4 j4 o C pa i II Is I tffi ^ c^ HH 37* m-TOi:y or TIII-: MXTH I:K;I.MI:NT. 3.2 w, -i as ijgti *"El . 1I1 lilill 1-1*11 ed May 26, s I" 3 g PQ B 3 | | w a Js 11? S 2 -^- -^ ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 379 3 5 g 3 2 ^00 a H- o c/> v & "3 1 I * T3 *j i" " - g ^ ^ 2 I S- ^ S 5"2 7=* ce S-S^ S -fi .H b^ ^3 00" 5 O * X Q dl bo a .2 T3 00 -,5 ii- &- "ilfi -- =r^-fl i il? i,|i!|i1li 1 fi| |Sj||g|8f| | ^ O Q ^ QO-< ^53 11 . ^ , *ai MUSICIANS C a AVAGONER .2 1 PRIVATES John W. . p 1 o p 1 Alfred. . . , Thomas . , Thomas ( , William , Richard Charles H irist, R. . . : s j a sl o 1 a o a S 1 Ol .1 5 111 a 1 oo K.T . 2 ^ ~ la 35 380 HISTORY OF TIIK SIXTH KK< i I M KNT. I 3 a Q 1 /. I I 0, d x a fl < - 1 co * -i-" 2 M)^ * pq iris > * i 2 1". B I * -J O 21 r- Z a ~r S c* ^7? ^.-^ I .,11 S 3. 5 3 -C 32g 3 rf^ -f c ^ -2 c^. .s-r r o o G Q g" C -S O -^ C r*i 3 335 5 SI a ~ G 6 ^ ^ s = S gJ -c ^ ^ rS <*> ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 381 oo oo f-H i-^ ^3^ g^S > O SO OJ ^ - S ^ 22 rn ^ S l -o r -S - <n ^ M)^ ^ -2^ c^- ^ 8 ps; out O t Bo o l^iil! IslBl^ o 3 g g.2 .<N" harged July 30, 1862; ed at Stevenson, Ala., A oT3 T3 2.2 .2 LT **-**- fci^-C-^i ^5*2 . . ^ SQHQ QQ Q Disc St Disc Ca CO i 1 CC O rH 00 2 8 "&. *^ * c - 1 OQ s $ 5 H-< ^ K 9 . O r-5 ^ 03 ^8 K a=: - -as . cT o" o - C F O fl a a> cc ^^ w -3 3 Q 5j 382 III>TOKV OF TIIK SIXTH KK< i l.M KV1 . ?i 5 g 1 tL r * 1 c r: > j OD 4 g 3 C ^ 3 O t^ >% 1 X 1 1 tj 3 02 1 11 .Is 1 eft 2 g Tj5 r5 <N "3 - 8 s ^Zr -*1 i 9ff rf ANY "D" Continued. REMA Captured ( hickamauga 1865. I^eg broken accidentally 1864. Mustered out Oct. 20, 1* Mustered out Sept. 22, 1 Died at Madison Feb. 1; Captured March 24, 186^ Discharged August 12, 1 Discharged June 23, 18( Captured Chickarnauga 18(55. Discharged Jan. 24, 186 | SM . CO ^O CC OC 5 O ^ S 5r. ri - s"= - - - *. 3 c , | i s i- a * O X 1 Q 8 3 w 1 K 5 - - . -. -. r - 3 i | 85 1 ui . . . 5 ^ 1^ GQ 35 1 1 & ^C ^^ 2r 2 < ~ 3 t 1 > K g^ 1 .2 ll 4 ~ C s -1 1 os *r ^1 rt ~ !< 35 H z^ 5 I " > 7" gf < i" "5 ? -r *C ^^ ^ j; pQ ^ ^y "c ^ QC W . ^ ~ s ^^ ^ a. -2 i: ^ OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. OnC o ~2 a S - CO s.l l * "a, 1 * ^^^ g cc ao fW L* . tiv I ] J 4 to -- f ~ fciMr D ,i*o 2 "S or V" rS S ^2 53 s S 2a r w ^^rf s gwi" !1 do^. ^ H^ ^J pqM f ^ ^-^^ 2 ferred V. ferred V. red out s s os p o.Ji; HHS 3 1 : a c . . I a - ~ ^4> H w ; _2 1 3 1 >: 5 XXX XX H > t 3*4 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH KEOIMKNT. e :_ 3 * U 3 ^ _a > 1* i -M T3 "3 "C C J I 02 0) s I s I"s 60 5*5 a> _C nj 0S ^ u ~ cc y .2 .2- = I 0. c I 1 OO X> -^ "O ^ X> SO - 20 ooao ^c 30ao xa > if O 3 ^ be -; I i 1 s ^ 3 C 3 C .1 .1.1 3 3"^ I ^ a O J^ "oi O<^ -s II I I s. I 2 a,- | 3 = =_= ^ ^ ^ J ^[o "I - * - ^i -5 J >> -S 1= -S 3 = 5 J33 g 32 M ad u .s 00^ = S "u P^ S - ;r rt c ^ J ^S B r ^ J -S i* 2 15 xx :- ^ OFFICERS AND KNUSTKI) .MKN. S 1 < I as 3 1 2 J X3 a T3 -2 a o OH C H Sc 1 S P^ O- 1 6 S $ .2 1 *> d M Q M 1 g & ^ O -< EC 8. a S s 1 +- l l ^ o5 a .2 2 i! :- -s 15 Illflt 1_ |f*S<tili - -Tl .^!~^ a |l|ll - * c | o 43 5 -.2 c 25 HISTORY OF Till: SIXTH KKMMKNT. I I ~ >, 2 ill <M CC ^> tc oo oc ^^33 333^ 3"" ed nlttJ 11 laa-si; es oS stf c<3 3 3 s, * 3 g .2 .2^.2 .2-^.2 s.2 w QO S i CO ^O QO QC ^o o X> QO ^"v. 8 = oo"s if s a i-~o~ C^l C^J - ^ -TocT 5 5 5 "a. dB li S3 d ?c ^s i " ^ ^ s 3 Ql.lj4 "|| 9 9*& t ~"a) ~~" ^ -a v^ ^ S ^ J ~^1 1 1 es a; etiS OFFICERS AND KNUSTKI) MKN. tf .** ,.1 * 1*3 S^ a 2! o - ^ i o o3 a r^ 03 TS S 1-1 .2 -2 ^ .S fl rf*d ?H <N a> r ^ 3 , g ^| | jf ^ .i !! S of 3j Ifi Is* ? .""g? r=-o, > a p, a^= a.a g ^^^ CCoS-^ OD <rt ac ^^t &* -1 8 T ^ 8 Sg SJ i a isisg ;CO COCOCOCOCOCOCO CO oo ocaoxiooooooao oo Ill^l I S til St&X** t CS "S -^ 4> S3 . e J3 C 6C M j T a^ 5 = S ,j, GC &=J II; S .2, s g g,^ t; ^ ^ ^g^cS ^.a" H .-t?s"2l i ill flWi 38* HISTORY OF THi: SIXTH RWilMKNT. N ^ Q I S. W a < D i_> <-< K"" -3 *- -r ^ s -<r ? *^ ^* S *^ 9 -5 ^ s<i r ~ P l .a a .s t-j-Soo-r^J^oo 1| s stS s e a-2 -"- ji 3. SI ja J ijiPMij]n "^ Q s^^ ^ s^ 55^2 <X> ~f; co coaox 00 ccco cococo^ I l^.r j- * 3^ a. a. *J I ~ J ; = = 8- G ,-S ^ o a> a> i a _, . is s m | =._ = s: s ce OFFICKKS AM) ENLlsTKD MKN. l^s S3| &"B 5 T i w g |1| S , ^5 sL ||6 5^ flj . S SB c 3B o H B &- C3 r/^ "*"* ^ *o ^ ^S 1 T3. * g T; .2 co a 5 - T3 s w . ss^r ^^ S2 - iC- is 0^: a t;oo^ jgjl a) u ^ -~ i :s SI S P3^ a 2 ^ -3 2 = T3 * c <u "1 -^ "5 3<Nlcr3 .T3 .* K C (M S . ^d *H ^ SH >-< C O 08 03 pj eS ; p M_X 5 2CC a> 0^5 ! ^ 22 n orr 5 rfM .a..2.s QQQQ CO CC *^ * Q. ~ *^ WJ II* 03 rr 5 ill li lit i i - 12 SB < O O HISTORY OF THK SIXTH KIK-IMKV i Ss H u: oo - ~ 2 2 I != 1S^J,iJ x ^J g ~ J0 ^ *W"S = c H i2^5:i25 C<l ^ TJ 7J 74 >J 74 74 71 7) M ^ ti) M) h U h Li U .: k s ^"aJ^^JSJS^^ " 5 g 3 C 3 Z * x 2 * ^ . . l s l s i|iiiiijj 5 I ^-?"" ; 5 ; ;x ; 2 ; ^ ^ E 2 S 5-5 OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MKX. O ffi a g 5 & ef .2, gg g e^r g* . o co F^J [ill? ^ 2 -si II tf CO -M S ISS -i - 3 M a^ HISTORY OF THK SIXTH I: K(, I .M i;\| . 1 c: M s 5 , i 8 0- i .H >-. K 1 i oS jg a _ ^ _C ^ c S^^ .5 s i 3 - -r 2^ * ^2 2i ^-^ 3 | 00 iili 30 ~ S ^- 1 H id* --"s -^ Ot S < ! ^g 040. cc 12 *T e. O O ^ C/Q CC J - *ff s i Si! -0 X ^ CO \ JJS s =3 5 II llllll 0* 1 o 5 1 -M S i2 8*5 ^o o . < ^ CO ^ - c l-f a S ^* % M Q c (g w * g S % S 35 p4 Q 25 i i 4 1 i 11 I &< > idge, Thorn a PRIVATES. tt, William 1 Solomon K i, Napoleon i-^l : z &4 si KJ "g 2 s"-= a 5 <<< llfjii OFFICERS AND ENLIbTED MEN. 393 O -f v. C 3<J CO J^ eS d ~ ^ -_ . ! I J & > o S "S O -^ *_. w "c ~ H -^"c oja> J2g a* vT 2 S7 1 Wo*" 1 g ^"fl . ^ a? " - ^ a S - s ^ ,!.- 5 5 Id H 5 c w P ob J * 6CC .. ., O M s^s 2 -i co- tj I I f Si 1% I ? -* Is 5 ^ * r^ M S-< X 03 ee ^ o *S ^"^ *-~OQ rf*fl c3 9D ^ ^ os^^s^ 2^ S .- Ji*:*ff li|si| l!iil ^3^25* S ^ O5 ^^S 1 ^^ :sjs -^3 Iflll Ill-Ill 131-si sll .111 HO J^G <^Q ^H CO CO cc GO 00 00 fCa? c^O c x Ox ^^ Cl .* * * *! &H- a^ a &,* cL A **: a 32 CC HISTORY OF THE SIXTH RKi.IMKNT. - c .5525 s.^ a e< 2 15 a T . a <u b. A a> W-Caj 1^ hn l; ^ O ^ g O O ST3 COO O ti O . *? ^3 ^3 ^ bC ~ ^3 ^3 . ~ . r ^b/Da-^* * ^ K E E tib ( a* rtc * a)^H^ 5 * i 5; 3 3 3. 3. oo oc k, ?i s 2 - II w o i o a : & ^ I II j||| I I |j 1 O.T .25 OFFICERS AND HNLFSTEJ) MKN. 395 I . g IS 2 3 -0 fl (MOO C g^g 2 & s ^r rf -*! r g k* ^ S,ts "! a fell 9 I a . ^ .a ^ S . .|i . CO <O Qu CC oo oo 5 ^ oc s ^?l^ ^ ^^ ^^u 2^1^ &< M o. &i cuapn CL,OHO^D- IS 13 "3 ^"3*3~3 "3^3"3 3"3"- ) - O CCO ^-JOOo OOO O O ^J* O nisi "** 4) " 4 J r ^Qj TTaJtOi 3)9)4J 5 3 *** 5 3l2 9-SS SS33 333 33 &N 3 "- Q 5 x% & 5|| s o o r3 ."S o S ESS S H ne ^^>^| 5 s g ?- ft j 1 1; i .- fc* 1 -* Sf - ^ JT C f^t " ^ T fl MM at I 1 ^ 00 O M ^^ S S l-ii -C OJt-5 C5 *U^ JM w c O O Oi S^g* Hog 396 HISTOKY OF THE SIXTH KK<;l.MKNT. rrS I S3 . 1f If o 5-S -, 81 S.g - 1113 g 3 33 . S S S .2 s .2 .5 * DC ^ S 6 | | S3 .g" ^ .... 3, S5 . . . . C c c ec^r - - o c - ~ OFFICERS AND KNLISTKI) MEN. 397 11 a> a i So So T3 "O ss 1 r-l CO ^oo o rt co co ^ 1^. 8 S P Q ^^ bJD 3 a co * -si s "goo" ^ 3^ So QQ * I* I Q W Q M oo oo . 3D CO a ^ r* 3 M 3 - 1*1 .i 5 a 1 *5 tJ a T; 3 ^ 06 o Q 3 ECRUITS. li cc 1 1 <j ^ I 1 a o M Sa" P 3 a - c ? ^ * O l - i OD~ TS" *^J n II *H O 11 1 1 1 1 398 HISTORY OF THI-; SIXTH KK(,IMENT. i 1 tc M a - r 1 * 4J w^ "5 >> c g "c = C 1 1 - SB ? * WJi *2 SI E . S 1-1*1! S | s J fg t a *^ ) "* 3 * w _ ^ -r-^TSTD^ i?5 llliili = -s I i x S i I 1 1 1 I H - g C ^ ^ I | f | ^" ~ x" OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MKN. Chattano Sept. 22, ound tered I5l ill G . : I : > -2 c H | | SH . if II P. 1 2 o"^ C fe . o ,*~j*r c ^ ^ C O y c e H ?3 fc- t- i; (D L^ . 400 HISTORY OF THE SIXTH Ul .( . I M KM S ^r "c H If s^ -o ll ^ ll :-!:! ~ a.* c" v <* * S 5 C " x 5 r o x .- s o SaR?a> ^ <M r .^ .^ - -r, w - ^"JjfE-g 5 .5 I >^r?H,i ^o^ JJ ^s^.ls t= ^-^ 6 W ^^^=^^ -J3 ~-S ^lisii Um |Ijj|tl i|l|j : * * i i n ^ N S <V & W O OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 4U1 a a A 2? o 3 5 o, 5. riT3 8 ll 2 3g IS ?! ce "H >~Ii ~~ x .2 "~ " -Gnz G ,~TS 0*9 3 ! a S^S" o> a s " I a cog oo 1-100 ^ ^ o *> ^ o S ai^O cc r* * ^ ?o o ao oo O" <M <N M ^ iM iO*O~p* ffll i a -S 3 S = ,O S 43 j; o> K -^ S 2 ~ - ^2 I |1 *^ -2 s3 ffi oS 3 <u S ^ | g a I 26 .2 o> 3 o "5 Jo 5 -^|^ p i^flB 5l1l! P ^S-C-JH? - 3(3 ^ *^ -a; S B 402 III>TO|{Y OF Till; SIXTH i:i.(iI.MKNI 1 "5 1 OJ 1 J ~ i 7 ei a 1 "3 V > $ wounded ; trann- ; transferred 08tli ed Andernonville uuBtered out Sept. ^-T T3 * ** ^- a IEMAUKH. i i C I *0 ^ QO ef c^ x 71 | - 1 : c / 7T -M ^00 a % 1 LI *i^ t r TT I! |*4 3 1 i 5 B C C X OS 1 rfT ^ se s Oi j^ 3 3 -11 o -i | ^ 08 _ .- f. G I - >*-r ^^ ="". ^n x oc^ z & rt^ 2 Sc2 ill a^a^^ s g l|^ llill - t- s tic o> ^x "G f o 2.1 a ^ i? = i i"s 7 ^2 3 1 e- x 3 3 T j 11 H-S iji 2 a.*^ a. a C 3 p. o ?r r; 12 - 5^ 55 - ~. - < < P* cd ^ Sfa -J -, i i GO ~~ g QC i I c GO 11 oo a H II -M ^ ^ So ? 3 S- GO" i" - ^j g ^ *^ ^ g *J J ~2_ -I * *5 F l 5 * Q d a O o c 2 u ^ -; N^ 1 CB^ *^. *^_, , w p - _ <u B ^ ^ = s c -S 5 2 c 1 i 1i 1 J ^5 J J J 1 1 9 ^ 8 * "^ ^ *m ^ ^- lu "5 "^ "b !< s v mi 0) -F " ^ ~ ( 75 ^ JU O> 0) x fc oaa X aca: X- / ^ Cd ~ c . LJJ C . z ^> j^ < S3 . 3 . . 00 ,. 03 S. c ^ . 5 B r -v> ^ n> t. 93 "o z e x ~ c - .2 C -^ u! ~ -= < x C ^ ~ = S o ^ & ** 4 ^ ^ ^ S -2 s ^ -2 p ^J 1 c" ~ 7 g fcT tT* \* ^_ c c x ~ C ^_ __- < Mb / >^ <w g i o 8 f a/ i. a/ u 4> 5 *S z Q o o o ._ _ ._ ._ .- C - 25 S5 t^d s ^. ,^. <*. ^. -5 ^ s w O OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 403 1 42 OE C tl 2 | i >* 00 s i C3 ^ O | i 5j| a SoJ i a i 0:1 5 * I ~ H "S 5 o ^ . ^ co Q .2 cs .0 ^ ^ ^ y* -S ~ **2r S ^ W o o5 S3 3,5 t ^ CJ _O So^ ^3g2 oo > 01 oc o. ^^TS" -^*oi35 w^ w ll&siiili^ii z iJi 2 .5.sJiif-ss T3o := O a3 S :3 9S fe aB s3 ^Sn^o^j.^.S^o.SoSso 5 2^ SSC ^ ^^~ re und ^ ^o OB 00 1C rt 3 :- ii &% 3 cS JS X 8 g F so .2 2 Hfe 7 5 Cd fl *H 0^3 2*8 oj c a 8 % |& S c r o g S t C5 C ^H^ a? !| II SH If o> i o ^o a c? ^ ^ be oads, oc I II i 111 a^ .2 c II -i C 3 J3 404 HISTORY or Tin-: SIXTH i;K<.mi\i. o 1 1 D >.s IE :i ,. . ~ ^ "C 14 oo 1 IS i QO 1 ! i w JH c<T , 5"^ oc 12 3J M 5ft" 1 ft* "P 00 M I .l il g ~~ g o -^ / r-^ "tt t* * cc "* D rS S? ^"* ~ r C J i Sc !-=! "H || 5 2^ -|| f| 1 i J II 1.5 </: o Si *! ^ o - D. =L - 5 J jC K O r ^ s ii i So ac 00 I M 06 M 3O oc w ^^ *"^ r ^ ^- "* -T* 0~ ^^r cT cT ^^ T ^ / Z% * C<l vi 7"^ c^ ^^* m 8 i- H> _ * ^S II 1* If 1 1 1 1 JS r a; ^ . C f c w c o i s _3^ r J lurubus i -2 "5 .s 1 N a E J luuibus 3C 3 "1 3 5 a^ o O ^5 * ^o 3 S u -. E aS A fe 93 I < as = s ~ * J^ "^ a X RUITS. icas . . . I a; S a i 1 c^ O - c ^ | 3! V ^o S *" -2 1 I ,* 1 :=^ ? 6 a S OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MKN. 8 I RGEANT sley . 1 ii 111 - T<M ^ 9 ^ " Tp * S CD CO 00 i-i a "^ itf l bo+j ii i c<f c<i r - - c^ sec QQ cS ^ OQ Ci5 CO - 1 W 1 8 02 406 HI-TORY OK TIIK SIXTH KK<J IMKXT. , o I ri "i 5^.-- p; 1 cT 3L 3 I 11 X 1 ri E s oo x ^ - 4 a I: -I ^ 2 E rf ,- 1 o > S ^ - x v ^ ^ o - 2 . * i 1 s i- J "7 * ?" -r" ?- f X iT y x 3C 2 ^ *^. CJ D 4^ s "S X ^ rt * -~ ^ ? 3-r Mustered ill! a.oc * v 5 ||*ll aT k. S - ~. ec ce fe S3 CO CO 00 5 -o to x ac oo 5 -c ao oc " W P 00 0" |^^ ? ; ^?r -. , g-,-- 3s i i ^ i 31* 8 Ss | 5 c MI it ^ t: - "So c . c ^ c . c > s. c Z 2 ^ g rs i " ^ **- ^ o3 *C _a Q ^ i* flj - ^ ^ a -i > c3 >c2 b! K> W 1 ,5 1 Q , - Hp _ bJC *^ ^^ **H * i o IS 3 ii. 5 3 1 S) ^ *- 2 = 1 ^4 c.2 acx a < ^- ? E = r J5""l *^>2 1 J| J ^0 s ii ^ SI a J3 1 *tf ~ aT iT aT o"o o OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 40 03 or 3 g So 35:2 c :r - b ^ II o ^5 a "* ^ ^ =* a ,, , > ^ 2 K -S CO - (M "x ^ t3 ^ -t -^ ?O IH O oi - ^O 03 OO 0} OO ^ rr^ " "^ ^2^ 5=-: Si?, ^^ if cidi= 5 f5 -s -Q -5 o OT; o 8|f la s o- o. a, ex, ^5 ^ r^^--^-^^ O ^^ J a be c a acaceece 6 5C bf T^ W)^: bJD bJO >;. .2.2^.2 ^.5.5 II tf S o t? II | ^.2 a x- -C 5 .3 .3 ee ee.S-rt K X X K ffi ffi X ffi SC -40s IIISTOKY OK TIIK SIXTH IlKlil.MKVI . C ~ a. *. * s &?i I ~ " *j Si ~ *7J " ~ S S.5^ *5 J3 x TT w ^ u ": 32 o. ^ S **S e 5 S a SP 5 x ? 11 1 J i Ti . . -a = 22 3 I 22 3-ir 1 Si l r Kf !* ? : "O a- C T ^sj^o^c =..*. - 5 tlj = S -S ^ c S *S 5^i *=30S. (X 2 2 o" o III H Co Co 1&2SS -a-a l I Hffff-i II, It. .6 11111 S3 2 I l 2 a 3S -i _e a J Sf 2 ^g 1 S 55 ^ - oT u C.S I tf* * JiJir ioSbS r -- 11* 15 QUCL i. OFFICERS AND EN USTEl) MEN. 409 00 I - S C<J 3 * 6 i s ^ c .2 00 C TF . , til"* o o a S.2fs8 s5l . -" C ^ S ^ o ^ a, iT ^ ^ll s i S||^l||a| s1>-|| *** istr a> &e a> *; " a tS 2 C oc C oc C C & -8 S S ^ ! a . 3 3 s- S =! - S S 1 1 m i a sg C OJ . . a C *H JS ^=9 o; ^ " ^ a &c ^ a5 CO *_J *^ r -O .= -C > O 410 HISTORY OF THK SIXTH KK(4IMKNT. j / s S T n s I l a ~ * > p _ "9^2 -M ,_ 35 "P b s Q ^ c - ^ <o a .-oo c "" 5 S j= C """ 3^ *" CC ^" ^^-v^* *"=II 3 .la >rt -5 "^ "c *: s -i . u C "H ^ 5 J li a ^ S Q CS GS T I z. -M Tl ? I T I 71 <M O -^ "-D CD *-O & CO X X 00 00 00 00 X - 5 W -2 2 I i s 5 I f III RKCRl ITS Milton . a II I II lr>|l= |t|5 ^r = IJS ey "S ^ ^53 a >: -/: ^ OFFICERS AXD KN LIFTED MION. 411 8 1 2 1 .g a 1 1 M p q i^-= 12 ^ -2 si i i i> Q o < r* Sri -^ ^ ^v M 3 T3 a 1 I GO ~ 3 -S.8 JX J *!<* 1 Q^ I l^E . i - Promoted Appointet 22, 1864 Mustered Discharge Promoted a> M IH ^ . S H w ^ s 5 ^ Q ^ *s DENCE. 6 c 35 a c M a o5 pq a I ^ el H ~ M a x p"^ 2 a -- 2 3 w b a^3 W o .5 * H G 1 "I c -s a" o i: !S J^ ^* Q" C3 c " ^ r aw 5 &3-2 " * J o s 1| I 1 1 * c= a, - 3 ^T S OoTo^ i -^ o a ^ S s.g ^.s 0,0- CL u ^ - ^ t 8- llll si 412 HISTORY or Tin: >i\in I:I;<.LMI:N i . W H I?l!i! iil-i?" R. ic out. ou d >3ff OT3 h pt ck |*1 !1S1?? 5 5 g 3 ^= 35^3 =|fjaj !sas<5SMS -s 5* II Illl OFFK KRS AND ENLIST!]]) MKN. 413 <N S iT -M" oc "? _-*"" -fi -o at | g& U* O^ ^| f |. ^ . -.* _^&* ^$ ^ 1^ 2^] 3 ob 3 3 * , ns go C0 fa * ylllljll If II H 1- S$B*3ss4 s^ 2 5 ^^ 11 1*3*1 II 2 S28l Si ee ^"- J HOQS Cg ^o i^r 1 i^^ ( -c cor^i i^ coo se^sp?oo5p*o?P<o<P ^Ocooo^iocooo^; ciosotooo oooo X aoX OOxaoGoooococ ""OO* OOOOOO"~ r - 1 00 00 / I ^rH ^, r-t r-H . ir-(r-(r^r-if-.i I . ^ O <M ^f ^f O <M ?1 _^ ^_^_ ,*J-|J^*J..^. i *J "pj^J ^j ^j Q^ ^ "p ^_S ^j -*J -*^ p p Q^ Q^ -* *-* p. Q. Q,^ -. Oc^ ^ 3 " -.2 ^ b . a T3 _o QJ g fl &c^x c* * a g ^nsa^ooSc hrf rft k^ 414 III-n:KY ( )! THE SIXTH KKC IMKNT. OFFICERS ANJ) ENLISTED MEN. 415 d Nov. 9, 186 arged, - sferred, gun ured at New ered out. ered out. at Woodson Co CSS ~- ie Dis ran apt Must Must Died <^ :c 1 fe ,-, - o ^* rH > O o ^< O HI-T<">KY l- THE SIXTH KKGIMKM. 5 . a) . 2 a i * * M .2 .2 J -3 -o a 1 *0 9* 4- "se s" $ S X ^ w to . fc. CO ^ "-^ ?5 M Q Q) ^ 30 "^ I j) 08 ^ * *^^ ^ 5<i $ -&H S H rf rli ^ - jl 1 ^5 , pq J "2 J-as jT LC ^T | Ij t -> ^ 2 * 1 w ^^ a > a g 653 ac 3 ^ - K Mustered o Mustered o Appointed mustered Transfered 9 "rt .1 Discharged Died Dec. 1 3 _2 4; .ii ~ a: i 1 2 i 1 *! i i I w | - -^ i ~ t- "" iC O** cT X ^ & <n rH 5 _ _^ - 1 QS j J - J2 S* III s a, H 3 W M - a i " ^ - -: : ~ 3 - - 1 a c 9 >-5 ^ 2 aq =3 i 2 " 1l~ g Q < M* tt 2 5 ^ai o * H "S c V^ r^ ( ^ 5 = | "H z: c a M 35 "^ IT o ^ ^2 j? k j^ * *r c .. S3 ^ G 3 fe ^ O c jj -T H ^k r^ 25 ^ "0 JM c = c - ^ "K I| 5 ^ 3 5 ^ ^^^! 55 A "7 OFFJCERS AND ENL18TKI) MKN. 417 ui-! o 2 o . I 1 1 B O 38 Ss 27 41* IN-TORY or THE SIXTH i:K<Ji.M i:\ i 5 1 II CO .5 QC ^^ ! "g 2- 2-g 3 H^.2 o CO M a* s f- * iflll * O C c 1 O , 5 w 3 55 > .5 a s .5 x : . .2, = K ? i> < "S *2* 3 5 $ || ec O - II 1 -s 4 . s I .^ i 1 & ^B 1 ^ 1 "c oopq ^ c * 4 . II 2:0: OFFICERS AND ENIJ8TKD MEN. 419 1 .2 .: |ofa <M P-H is S 3 * J= O >-; ^^b rvfj 2 p. ft,* 5l II r-T^ O i&ilSf S oo fn a> -g . oS 4, G3 o&, ^*S S * *^ ^oOoSoj ^3gO>Oi 5 5 - - 1 : S ir C * 5 8 ^s o ci a tc H^ a DP , Samuel ames M. PQM III 50-=! OO . a 3^ ^^ c p-c" -22 ^^"^5 -c^ ^^aas 3 _c ^- 4 fi h E E ^73^ >>o3eetso5 OOO 420 HlsrOKY OF THE SIXTH RKGIMKNT. 1 o :ii TJ of o a 62; 62; Dec i^~ 2 ^"S ?i frss Zi< % pj Q<J |if 1 ^ : ^* 3 as ff^ .1 J5-G 5 O oo^i a. .2 5 r^ cu CQL^ 5 co co oo oc s o: v 0^3 s s ^5 g *S * i K O > a i 5 o Si 6 * H gc -= a; a> 5c ^^ fc ^ a |^fl *J ill rh n a w g 2 a * 3 c ir c c c iS II I ^- t OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 421 i O D 300 - s =s 00 *> i i C a 0, O d a if II 2.Sc rfSrf ,,-- ~ 1 1 || jP^hld* * 45 N<N . So^^f F ." t & * ?*ii si aoo: *". S S* oor-i li ] !|!1 = s sill ... ^^ S QHQ<I QO ?! s ^^ O O 00^- O 6 c O o3 EC 00 a c g I "o "o o o 08 tq ffiffiffitt > O 03 "3 111 T, *^ *> d - <h-; ^ c" cT H^ 3 -5 5 jgjgSlfij 3*1^115 o o o o o c -~ 422 HISTORY OI THE Sl.VJIl Rl-XJIMENT. , S J 5 5- 5 S ^ -^ x f> 1 B = g 3 g O <U eg IM X S I =S .f :^T- ^ ^-S E 5 - *gf *i*i ~ lujfS si* 1*131 lii Ilk ^rt*^^-^" T?^ S S - c ^^:^^ / :^ l8K!t31l .2 a 9^**: w 2 <D ^ I i s s " - - ^ .22 .2 ^ .2 ^ 3 3 rZ3 .; SS oo 3 S S S S3 xx XX r-i x X X X XX , i-i I II Illl I II ll p 0) < - - c a " o cob = | a X c c c c so c 2 oo c o _o 2 s s K I/ r a i Hi ji i!U I a * v a 3"^ a i> v i -^ -2-0^: a r- =** = = O 3>-,>- " C OUQfcN ~ T2 oe -cza oe - =33> > fc ? i cc xxx xx H E- H H > !> OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN. 423 * 1 i %1 % J s| l | ; oo - <-i sT^e ^ ^ S CO ^ ^> 5 5 "^ ~ C3 so oo cc co oo 0002 I i r = 5 a * I =| S Hs ^ . 03 J2 g g "- 1 o o ^ ^ II HH RETURN CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT TO* 202 Main Library LOAN PERIOD 1 HOME USE 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS Renewals and Recharges may be made 4 days prior to the due date. 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