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REFERENCE 
 
 AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 LIBRARY METHOD 
 
 SECONDARY SCHOOLS 
 
 PERIOD OF THE CONSTITUTION 
 1789-1889 
 
 BY 
 
 A. W. BACHELER 
 
 " The intelligent study of American History is the surest method of inculcating 
 American patriotism." Newspaper print. 
 
 BOSTON 
 
 LEE AND SHEPARD PUBLISHERS 
 
 No. 10 MILK S T R E E T 
 
 1895 
 
COPYRIGHT, 1895, RY ^" EE AND SIIEPARD 
 
 All Rights Reserved 
 
 REFERENCE HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 EDUCATION DEPfc 
 
NO SUBJECT CAN BE LEARNED FROM A f SJNGLE BOOK. 
 
 TO THE TEACHER OF AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 THE Manual now offered for use in Secondary Schools is the 
 outgrowth of several years 1 study of the problem of teaching 
 History in a large New England High School. The earlier 
 method, by the use of a single text-book, uniform for the entire 
 class, was beset with difficulties, brought little enthusiasm to the 
 class-room, shut in the pupil s view to the narrow limits of a single 
 author, and left surprisingly little room for the free use of authori 
 ties or the interchange of class-room opinions. 
 
 Discussion was debarred, for there was nothing to discuss. The 
 opinions of the one author in use being accepted as the opinion 
 of the class, no incentive remained to wider investigation or the 
 assimilation of variant views. The Library Method, now so gen 
 erally adopted by the best schools, is the outcome of a study of 
 these difficulties, and this Manual is but one of several attempts 
 to render lighter the work of the teacher of American history, and 
 that of the pupil more varied and interesting. 
 
 Care has been taken, in making the choice of topics, to select 
 only those whose bearing upon the history of the country has 
 been important and permanent ; the trivial and evanescent have 
 been discarded. Chronological arrangement has, in the main, been 
 preserved, but where sequence of cause and effect, or the close 
 relation of subjects somewhat widely separated in point of time, 
 has seemed to demand it, chronology has been disregarded. 
 
 5-4 4 
 
"iv *.T tfo "Teacher of American History 
 
 Experience has seemed to emphasize the following suggestions : 
 
 Let the pupil be encouraged, or, better, required to consult more 
 than one authority on the topics which constitute a day s lesson. 
 Guard carefully against the tendency of the careless to use but a 
 single authority, and that the briefest and most elementary the 
 library affords. 
 
 However desirable that the entire list of books appended to this 
 Manual be accessible, it should not be considered necessary before 
 the adoption of the Library Method. There is always a library 
 within a library, and, while the general field is large, it is possible 
 to make a judicious and limited selection, the cost of which shall 
 be within the means of any town ; the interested teacher will not 
 long lack for ways of enlarging the scope of the history library. 
 The kindly interest of a private purse, or the possibilities of a 
 school exhibition, or the school-lecture course, will easily supply 
 what the scantiness of the town appropriation forbids. A mini 
 mum list for a class of thirty pupils might include, perhaps, the 
 following : 
 
 One copy each of 
 
 Blame s Twenty Years of Congress. 
 Bryant & Gay s History of U.S. 
 Draper s Civil War. 
 Hildreth s History of U.S. 
 Greeley s American Conflict. 
 Lalor s Cyclopaedia of Politics. 
 McMaster s History of the People. 
 Stanwood s Presidential Elections 
 Rhodes History of the U.S. 
 Taussig s Tariff History. 
 Wilson s Rise and Fall. 
 Mrs. Richardson s Story of our Country. 
 The four volumes of C. C. Coffin. 
 
To the Teacher of American History v 
 
 Add to these three copies each of the Epochs of American 
 History Series (the two later volumes of Hart and Wilson) . 
 Fiske s History of the U.S. 
 Higginson s Young Folks 1 History. 
 Johnston s History of U.S. 
 Montgomery s History of U.S. 
 Schouler s History of the U.S. 
 Thomas 1 History of U.S. 
 
 A total of seventy-three volumes ; and the class would be tolerably 
 well equipped for good work. Nor should the teacher omit from his 
 list the abundant material which might be classed under original 
 sources,""* such as the Lowell and Old South Series of our great State 
 papers. The Declaration, Articles of Confederation, Constitution, 
 the Ordinance of 1787, the Inaugurals, and Farewell Address of 
 Washington, and many others, all of which are now so cheaply 
 and readily accessible as to remove all objection on the score f 
 expense. 
 
 The value of memorizing the topics under the groupings of the 
 Manual seems to be proved. Two such groupings are made in the 
 present work, one by Presidential Administrations, the other, and 
 the larger, by Historical Periods. 
 
 For example, the second, or period of " Federalist Supremacy, 1 
 includes the two administrations of Washington and the one of 
 John Adams. To memorize the topics under such a group is 
 deemed an important feature of the Library Method. 
 
 The outline map in the hands of each pupil should steadily ac 
 company the progress of the class, growing with its growth. When 
 new territory is added to the original area, or a new State admitted 
 to the Union, or an important event occurs, let the map indicate 
 this with date, and initials of the President under whom the event 
 occurred. The series of outline maps issued by D. C. Heath & 
 Co. of Boston are admirably adapted for this purpose. 
 
vi To the Teacher of American History 
 
 Lastly, there is abundant room for the play of the occasional 
 class discussion, or the more formal essay upon topics in which 
 special interest has been evinced as the study has progressed. The 
 interest and alertness of the teacher will not fail to improve upon, 
 and enlarge these few suggestions out of a past experience. 
 
 A. W. B. 
 JULY 4, 1894. 
 
LIST OF THE BOOKS REFERRED TO IN THIS 
 VOLUME 
 
 Abbott John S. C. . The History of the Civil War in Amer 
 ica 2 v. H. B. 
 
 Abbott Willis J. - . . Battlefields of 6i Z>., M. & Co. 
 
 Adams Henry History of the United States of Amer 
 ica during the Administrations of 
 Jefferson and Madison 6 v. Scr. Sons. 
 
 Anderson John J. New Grammar School History of the 
 
 United States M., M. & Co. 
 
 Bancroft George - History of the United States of Amer 
 ica, Author s Last Edition 6v. App. & Co. 
 
 Bancroft Hubert H. The Northwest Coast ... Bancroft Co. 
 
 Battles and Leaders #v. C. Pub. Co. 
 
 Benton Thomas H. Thirty Years View, from 1820-1850 . . 2 TJ. App. i Co. 
 
 Blaine James G. Twenty Years of Congress, from Lin 
 coln to Gurfield 2 v. H. B. 
 
 Bryant & Gay A Popular History of the United States, <f.-v. Scr. Sons. 
 
 Bryce James The American Commonwealth . . . .zv. Mac. & Co. 
 
 Campaigns of the Civil War 13 v. Scr. Sons. 
 
 Coffin Chas. Carleton Building the Nation }f. & Bros. 
 
 " " . Drumbeat of the Nation H. & Bros. 
 
 " " . Marching to Victory H. & Bros. 
 
 " " " . Redeeming the Republic H. & Bros. 
 
 Cerate de Paris .... History of the Civil War in America . 4 v. P. dr C. 
 
 Cooper J. Fennimore History of the Navy of the United 
 States 
 
 Curtis George Ticknor, Constitutional History of the United 
 
 States sv. H. & Bros. 
 
 De Trobriand Regis Four Years with the Army of the 
 Potomac 
 
 Draper John W. History of the American Civil War . . j v. H. & Bros- 
 
 Eggleston Edward A History of the United States .... App. & Co. 
 
 Fiske John The Critical Period of American His 
 tory H., M. & Co. 
 
 (vii) 
 
viii List of the Books referred to in this Volume 
 
 FlSke John A History of the United States . . . .H.,M.&Co. 
 
 Frothingham The Rise of the Republic L..B.& Co. 
 
 Greeley Horace- The American Conflict 2-v. Case & Co. 
 
 Grimke A. H Life of Charles Sumner Funk & W. 
 
 Hart A. B. Formation of the American Union . . 3 v. L., G. & Co. 
 
 Haswell John H. - . Treaties and Conventions . G. P. O. 
 
 HigginSOnThomasW., Young Folks History of the United 
 
 States L., G. & Co. 
 
 Hildreth Richard History of the United States of Amer 
 ica 6 -v. H.& Bros. 
 
 Irving-Fiske Washington and his Country .... Ginn & Co. 
 
 Jay Win A Review of the History of the Mexi 
 can War 
 
 Johnston Alexander History of American Politics H. H. d: Co. 
 
 . A History of the United States . . . . //. H. & Co. 
 
 Lalor John J Cyclopaedia of Political Science . . . . 3 v. Mer. & Co. 
 
 Lossing Benson J. - . Field Book of the War of 1812 .... G.S.Lester. 
 Field Book of the Civil War G.S.Lester. 
 
 Lovell A American History Leaflets 13 Nos. L. & Co. 
 
 Maclay Edgar S. . . A History of the United States Navy . 2 v. App. & Co. 
 
 McMaster John Bach A History of the People of the United 
 
 States j -v. App. & Co. 
 
 Montgomery D. H. The Leading Facts of American His 
 tory Ginn & Co. 
 
 Moore Frank The Rebellion Record 12 v. D. Van N. 
 
 Morse John T., Jr. . {Editor} American Statesmen Series . 12 v. H.,M.& Co. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay Abraham Lincoln, A History iov. C. Pub. Co. 
 
 Old South Leaflets /? Nos. H. & Co. 
 
 Par ton James Life of Aaron Burr Mason Bros. 
 
 Life of Andrew Jackson Mason Bros. 
 
 Fatton Jacob H. Four Hundred Years of American 
 
 History 2V . F., H. & H. 
 
 Pollard Edward A. . The Lost Cause Treat & Co. 
 
 Porter David D. The Naval History of the Civil War . S. Pub. Co. 
 
 Ehodes James Ford History of the United States from the 
 
 Compromise of 1850 2 v. H. & Bros. 
 
 Richardson Abbie S. . The History of Our Country //., M. & Co. 
 
 Roosevelt Theodore The Naval War of 1812 Put. Sons. 
 
 Sargent Nathan Public Men and Events 2~v. Lip. & Co. 
 
 Schouler James .... History of the United States of Amer 
 ica b-u. D.,M.& Co. 
 
 Scildder Horace E. [Editor] American Commonwealth Se 
 ries i2-v. H.,M.& Co. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes .... Studies in American History H. & Co. 
 
 Smith Goldwin .... The United States Mac. & Co. 
 
List of the Books referred to in this Volume ix 
 
 StanwOOd Edward A. History of Presidential Elections . . . H., M. & Co. 
 
 Stevens Alexander H., A Constitutional View of the War be 
 tween the States 2 v. N. Pub. Co. 
 
 Stevens C. Ellis Sources of the Constitution 
 
 Taussig Tariff History of the United States . . Put. Sons. 
 
 Thomas Allen C. ... A History of the United States ....//. <t Co. 
 
 Von Hoist Hermann The Constitutional and Political His 
 tory of the United States 6 v. C. & Co. 
 
 Walker Francis A. History of the Second Army Corps . . Scr. Sons. 
 
 Williams Alfred M. . Life of Sam Houston H.,M.&Co. 
 
 Wilson Henry .... History of the Rise and Fall of the 
 
 Slave Power in America 3 v. H., M.<t Co. 
 
 WilSOn WoodrOW Division and Reunion L. t G. & Co. 
 
 Winsor Justin .... Narrative and Critical History of 
 
 America 5 v. H., M.& Co. 
 
 186 volumes. V 
 
 In the abbreviations, App. & Co. stands for D. Appleton & Co.; H. B. for 
 Henry Bill; Case & Co. for O. D. Case & Co.; C. & Co. for Callahan & Co.; 
 C. Pub. Co. for Century Publishing Co.; D., M. & Co. for Dodd, Mead & Co.; 
 F., H. & H. for Fords, Howard & Hulbert; Funk & W. for Funk & Wagnalls; 
 G. P. O. for ^Government Printing Office; H. & Bros, for Harper & Brothers; 
 H. & Co. for D. C. Heath & Co.; H. II. & Co. for Henry Holt & Co.; H., M. & 
 Co. for Iloughton, Mifflin & Co.; L., B. & Co. for Little, Brown & Co. ; Lip. & 
 Co. for J. B. Lippincott & Co.; L., G. & Co. for Longmans, Green & Co.; L. & 
 Co. for A. Lovell & Co.; Mac. & Co. for Macmillan & Co.; M., M. & Co. for 
 Maynard, Merrill & Co.; Mer. & Co. for Chas. E. Merrill & Co. ; N. Pub. Co. for 
 National Publishing Co.; P. & C. for Porter & Coates ; Put. Sons for G. P. Put 
 nam s Sons; Scr. Sons for Charles Scribner s Sons; S. Pub. Co. for The Sherman 
 Publishing Co.; Treat & Co. for E. B. Treat & Co.; D. Van N. for D. Van 
 Nostrand. 
 
HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 The Articles of 
 Confederation 
 
 First attempt at 
 organized, national 
 Government, Mar. I, 
 1781. See No. 2, 
 Old South Leaflets, 
 D. C. Heath & Co. 
 
 THE CONFEDERATION 
 
 The Critical Period 1781-1789 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 12-19. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation. 17. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 86. 
 Eggleston, 198. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 93-96. 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 576-579. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. Hist., 93-95- 
 Hildreth, iii. 398, 399. 
 Johnston, 136-139. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 574-577- 
 Patton, Four Hundred Years of Am. His 
 tory, ii. 1161. 
 Schouler, i. 14-16. 
 Thomas, 133. 
 Von Hoist, i. 20. 
 Winsor, vii. 215-232. 
 
 Defects of the 
 Confederation 
 
 "Perpetual" proved 
 to be eight years. See 
 Art. 13. 
 
 "To be more ex 
 posed in the eyes of 
 the world, and more 
 contemptible than we 
 already are, is hardly 
 possible." 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 19-23, 212. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 99. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 17. 
 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 101, 102 
 
 104, 320-323, 334, 351, 361, 556. 
 Eggleston, 198. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 97-105. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 247. 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 578. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 109, 117-119. 
 Higginson, 214, 215. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Defects of the 
 Confederation 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 The Newburgh 
 Addresses 
 
 Disorders in the 
 States 
 
 Shays Rebellion. 
 
 ( Hildreth, iii. 402-404. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 492. 
 
 Johnston, 139. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 7-8. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 548, 575, 576. 
 
 McMaster, i. 131, 132. 
 
 Montgomery, 186. 
 
 Schouler, i. 16, 22, 23. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 196-199. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 119-121. 
 
 Thomas, 134. 
 k Von Hoist, i, 40-45. 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 59-62, 71-74. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 86-88. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 106-112. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 108-110. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 106. 
 Hildreth, iii. 430-433. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 576. 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 40-43. 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, i. 327. 
 McMaster, i. 181-183. 
 
 Patton, Four Hundred Years of Am. His 
 tory, i. 557. 
 Thomas, 131. 
 Von Hoist, i. 40. 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 200. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 96-99. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 16, 17. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 179-182. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 177-183. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 298. 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 588. 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 76-87. 
 Hale, Story of Mass., 300-303. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 111-113. 
 Higginson, 214. 
 Hildreth, iii. 474-477. 
 
T/ie Critical Period 
 
 Disorders in the 
 States 
 
 (Continued) 
 
 Ordinance of 1787 
 For the Govern 
 ment of the 
 Northwest 
 Territory. 
 
 Almost the final act 
 of the Congress of the 
 Confederation, "A 
 document inferior only 
 to the Federal Consti 
 tution." "One of the 
 three title deeds of 
 American constitu 
 tional Liberty." 
 George F. Hoar. 
 
 See No. 13 Old 
 South Leaflets, for 
 full text of the Ordi 
 nance. 
 
 The Constitutional 
 Convention of 
 55 Delegates 
 May 14- 
 Sept. 17, 1787 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 492-495. 
 
 Johnston, 139. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 577- 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 17-27- 
 
 McMaster, i. 306-330. 
 
 Montgomery, 185, 186. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 90, 91. 
 
 Patton, i. 562. 
 
 Schouler, i. 32-34. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 121. 
 
 Thomas, 134. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 44-46. 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 116-119. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 109, 1 10. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 535-537- 
 Eggleston, 232. 
 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 203-207. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 108. 
 Higginson, 231, 254. 
 Hildreth, iii. 527-529. 
 Johnston, 146. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 30-33. 
 McMaster, i. 150, 155, 156; ii. 478 
 Montgomery, 187. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 75. 
 Patton, i. 566-567. 
 Rhodes, Hist, of U.S., i. 16. 
 Schouler, i. 100, 101. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 199-202. 
 Thomas, 146, 147. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 131. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 537~543- 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 210, 211. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 639. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 100-102. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 17, 18. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., 253, 257, 261 
 263, 265, 273, 277, 282, 290, 295. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Constitutional 
 Convention of 
 55 Delegates 
 May 14- 
 Sept. 17, 1787 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Sources of the 
 Constitution 
 
 Lovell s Am. Hist. 
 Leaflets, No. 8, Text 
 of the Constitution. 
 
 Eggleston, 198. 
 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 222-229. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 248. 
 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 589, 
 
 590. 
 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 88-97. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 121-123. 
 Higginson, 215. 
 Hildreth, iii. 482-526. 
 Irving-Fiske, 496-498. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 10. n. 
 Johnston, 140, 141. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 637-640. 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 29-37. 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 57-59. 
 McMaster, i. 416-423. 
 Montgomery, 188-189. 
 Patton, i. 564-566. 
 
 Richardson, Story of our Country, 284. 
 Schouler, i. 36-47. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 203-206. 
 Thomas, 135, 136. 
 Von Hoist, i. 52-55. 
 Winsor, vii. 237-251. 
 
 Bancroft, vi. 441-451. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 25-28, 640- 
 
 643- 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 21. 
 Curtis, Constitutional Hist., i. 452, 5 14, 515. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 289-300. 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 90-97. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 6, 7, 124, 125. 
 Hildreth, iii. 482. 
 McMaster, i. 438, 439. 
 Schouler, i. 38. 
 
 Stevens, C. Ellis, Sources of the Constitu 
 tion. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 61-63. 
 Winsor, vii. 237, 238. 
 
The Critical Period 
 
 The Three Great 
 Compromises 
 
 1. Equality of 
 States in the Senate. 
 
 2. Three-fifths of 
 the slaves reckoned in 
 apportionment. 
 
 3. Forbidding pro 
 hibition of slave-trade 
 till 1808. 
 
 The Ratification 
 by States 
 
 The Federalist. The 
 first number written by 
 Hamilton in the cabin 
 of a sloop, on the Hud 
 son. See No. 1 2, Old 
 South Leaflets, Feder 
 alist. 
 
 ( Bancroft, vi. 228, 255, 266, 316-320. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 102. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 19-21. 
 Curtis, Const. Hist., 386, 387, 405, 406, 
 
 416-418. 
 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 256-267. 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 98-114. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 43-49. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 125-127. 
 Hildreth, iii. 486, 489, 496, 518. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 547, 549. 
 McMaster, i. 442, 443, 446, 449, 450. 
 Montgomery, 188, 189. 
 Patton, i. 565, 566. 
 Schouler, i. 41 , 42. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 204-206. 
 Thomas, 136, 137. 
 Winsor, vii. 239. 
 
 f Bancroft, vi. 389, 390, 392, 395, 406, 413, 
 
 420, 437, 438, 452, 453. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 103, 104. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 22-24. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 22. 
 Curtis, Const. Hist., i. 641, 645, 646, 647, 
 
 649, 656, 660, 661, 683, 687, 692. 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 314-340, 341-343. 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 599, 
 
 603. 
 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 115-127. 
 Higginson, 215. 
 Hildreth, iii. 535-539. 
 Johnston, 143. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 15, 16. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 637-640. 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 66-70. 
 McMaster, i. 473, 476-479, 485, 487, 491, 
 
 499- 
 
 Patton, i. 566. 
 v Richardson, Story of our Country, 285, 286. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Ratification 
 by States 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 f Schouler, i. 58-66. 
 ) Thomas, 137-140. 
 (^Winsor, vii. 257-260. 
 
 1781-1789 
 
 1783 
 1784 
 
 1786 
 
 1787 
 
 1788 
 1789 
 
 Summary of the Critical Period 
 
 ( The Confederation. 
 Defects in the Articles. 
 
 The Newburgh Addresses. 
 Peace with Great Britain. 
 
 Cession of Territory by Virginia. 
 
 The Convention at Annapolis. 
 Shays 1 Rebellion. 
 
 The Constitutional Convention. 
 The Ordinance of 1787. 
 
 The Ratification by States. 
 Establishment of the New Government. 
 
The Period of Federalist Supremacy 
 
 THE PERIOD OF FEDERALIST SUPREMACY 1789-1801 
 
 First Administration of George Washington 1789-1793 
 
 / Bryant & Gay, iv. 104, 105. 
 Century Mag., Vol. 37, No. 6. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 24-26. 
 Eggleston, 203. 
 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 348-350. 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 603. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. Hist., 143. 
 Higginson, 216-219. 
 Hildreth, iv. 54-62. 
 Irving-Fiske, 500-506. 
 Johnston, 143, 148. 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 43-50. 
 McMaster, i. 530-532, 538-540. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 96. 
 Montgomery, 192. 
 
 Richardson, Story of our Country, 286, 287. 
 Schouler, i. 74-80, 82-93, 107-109. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 211, 212. 
 Stanwood, Pres. Elections, 14-16. 
 Thomas, 144-146. 
 Von Hoist, i. 80-84. 
 
 Establishment 
 of the New 
 Government 
 and First 
 Inauguration 
 Washington 
 
 of 
 
 The First Cabinet 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 81. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 105, 122. 
 Hart, Epochs of Am. History, 144. 
 Hildreth, iv. 108, 131. 
 Johnston, 150. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 84, 85. 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 63-69. 
 McMaster, i. 566. 
 Montgomery, 192, 193. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 96, 97. 
 
8 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 IPatton, i. 574, 575. 
 Schouler, i. IOQ, 110. 
 Sheldon-Barnes; 213. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 130, 138. 
 Thomas, 147. 
 
 Division of 
 Parties 
 
 Federalist and 
 Anti-Federalist 
 
 / Bryant & Gay, iv. 106, 107. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 5,6, 16,23. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 34, 35. 
 
 Eggleston, 213, 214. 
 
 Fiske, Critical Period, 308-310. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 261, 262. 
 
 Frothingham, Rise of the Republic, 598, 599. 
 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 172-192. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 155, 156. 
 
 Higginson, 221. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 25-40. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 511, 512. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 769-771 ; ii. 165-172. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 136-142. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 61, 232. 
 
 McMaster, i. 567. 
 
 Montgomery, 191, 192. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 144, 145. 
 
 Patton, i. 581. 
 
 Richardson, Story of our Country, 286. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 17, 18. 
 
 Schouler, i. 53-56. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 209. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 150. 
 
 Thomas, 151. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 77, 78. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 267, 268. 
 ^ Young, Friends and Foes of Const., 73. 
 
 First Admission of ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 83. 
 New States Eggleston, 257, 258. 
 
 Vermont 1791 \ Hart Epochs Am. History, 152. 
 
 Kentucky 1792 Higginson, 229, 230. 
 
 Tennessee 1796 l^ Irving-Fiske, 538. 
 
The Period of Federalist Supremacy 
 
 First Admission of 
 New States 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Hamilton s Great 
 Measures in 
 Finance 
 
 1 . Assumption of 
 State Debts. 
 
 2. The First Ex 
 cise. 
 
 3. The Funding of 
 Nat. Debt. 
 
 4. Incorporation of 
 a Bank. 
 
 "It is certain that 
 no other measures of 
 the Federal Govern 
 ment contributed, in 
 even an approximate 
 degree, to the actual 
 consolidation of the 
 Union." 
 
 Von Hoist. 
 
 Johnston, 37, 151, 152. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 267, 268. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 994. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 35. 
 
 Richardson, Story of our Country, 291. 
 
 Schouler, i. 149, 150, 314. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 282. 
 
 Thomas, 149. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 268, 280, 530. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 105, 106. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 81. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 34. 
 Eggleston, 215. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 260, 261. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 146-151. 
 Hildreth, iv. 213-215, 253, 254, 262-265. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 21-23. 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 92-104, 120-129, 
 
 IS*- 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 104-122. 
 
 McMaster, i. 568-578, 582 ; ii. 28-32. 
 
 Montgomery, 193, 194. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 97-102. 
 
 Patton, i. 575-577, 581, 582. 
 
 Schouler, i. 130-142, 158-162. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 213. 
 
 Thomas, 148, 149. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 94, 95. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 268. 
 
 Second Administration of George "Washington 1793-1797 
 
 The Whiskey 
 Insurrection 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 118, 119. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 34. 
 
 Eggleston, 217, 218. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 263.. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 163, 164. 
 
 Hiidreth, iv. 373-376. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 510, 511. 
 
10 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Whiskey 
 Insurrection 
 
 (Continued) 
 
 Eli Whitney and 
 the Cotton Gin 
 
 The second of our 
 great industrial inven 
 tions, Hargreaves and 
 Arkwright s Spinning 
 Jenny, 1767, being the 
 first. 
 
 Citizen Genet 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 34. 
 
 Johnston, 150. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. Iio8-iiii. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 180-185. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 120-128, 
 
 McMaster, ii. 41-43. 
 
 Montgomery, 197, 198. 
 
 Fatten, i. 585, 586. 
 
 Richardson, 294. 
 
 Schouler, i. 214, 275-280. 
 
 Stevens, Life of Gallatin, 69-99. 
 
 Thomas, 149, 150. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 94-102. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 261. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 73-77. 
 
 Eggleston, 374. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 302. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 57-66. 
 
 Higginson, 225, 226. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 537, 538. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 86. 
 
 Johnston, 159, 160. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 729. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 161-163. 
 
 Montgomery. 195-197. 
 
 Patton, ii. 700. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 25. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 282. 
 
 Thomas, 150. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 123. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 59-61. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 264, 265. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 159, 160. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 412-440. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 512. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 29-31. 
 
 Johnston, 154. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 327-331. 
 
The Period of Federalist Supremacy 
 
 i i 
 
 Citizen Genet 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Influence of the 
 French Revolu 
 tion on Am 
 erican Politics 
 
 " It was a case of 
 Liberty , versus Or- 
 der." 
 
 Bryce. 
 
 Jay s Treaty 
 
 " When the spotless 
 ermine of the judicial 
 robe fell on John Jay, 
 it touched nothing less 
 spotless than itself." 
 Daniel Webster 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 78-82. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 98-105, 137-142. 
 
 Montgomery, 194. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 149, 152-162. 
 
 Patton, i. 583, 584. 
 
 Richardson, 293. 
 
 Schouler, i. 246-256. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 144, 145. 
 
 Thomas, 152. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 112-118. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 464. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 122, 123. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 6. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 157. 
 
 Higginson, 220, 221. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 41 1-415. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 512. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 28, 29. 
 
 Johnston, 154. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, 140-143. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 96-98. 
 
 Montgomery, 194. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 146-148. 
 
 Patton, i. 582. 
 
 Richardson, 293. 
 
 Schouler, i. 168, 241-243. 
 
 Thomas, 151, 152. 
 v Von Hoist, i. 107, 108. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 123-126. 
 
 Eggleston, 220. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 265. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 160-163. 
 
 Haswell, " Treaties and Conventions," 379- 
 
 394- 
 
 Higginson, 220. 
 Hildreth, iv. 539-553- 
 Irving-Fiske, 513. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 33, 35, 37. 
 
12 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Jay s Treaty 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 For full text of the < 
 treaty, see Haswell, 
 "Treaties and Con 
 ventions," 379-394- 
 
 The Farewell 
 Address of 
 Washington 
 
 Except Jackson, 
 Washington the only , 
 president to issue such 
 an address. 
 
 See Old South Leaf- 
 lets, No. 4, "The 
 Farewell Address." 
 
 Sidelight Studies on 
 Washington s 
 Time 
 
 Johnston, 155. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 634-638. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, 176-201. 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 86, 87. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 212-220, 263, 281. 
 
 Montgomery, 198. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 169-171. 
 
 Patton, i. 587, 588. 
 
 Schouler, i. 289-296, 308-317. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 282. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 146, 147; 
 
 Thomas, 152, 153. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 122-128. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 466-471. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 52. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 685, 686. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 38. 
 
 Johnston, 156. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 160. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, 244-246. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 289, 290. 
 
 Patton, i. 590. 
 
 Schouler, i. 331, 332. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 214. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 147. 
 
 Thomas, 153, 154. 
 
 Daniel Boone, Famous Boy Series. 
 Dickens, Tale of Two Cities. 
 George Washington, Famous Boy Series. 
 Henty, The Reign of Terror. 
 Martineau, The Peasant and the Prince. 
 Musick, Braddock, A Story of the French 
 and Indian Wars. 
 
 Election and 
 Inauguration 
 of John Adams 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 127, 128. 
 J Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, i. 39. 
 1 Coffin, Building the Nation, 112. 
 ^ Eggleston, 221. 
 
The Period of Federalist Supremacy 
 
 Election and 
 Inauguration 
 of John Adams 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 " Always an honest 
 man, often a wise one, 
 but sometimes wholly 
 out of his senses." 
 Ben, Franklin 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 266. 
 
 Harper s Mag., Vol. 68, 548-552. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 164, 165. 
 
 Higginson, 231, 232. 
 
 Hildreth, iv. 687, 688, 701. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 513. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 39, 40. 
 
 Johnston, 161. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 291, 307. 
 
 Montgomery, 199. 
 
 Morse, Life of Adams, 257-270. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 173. 174. 
 
 Richardson, 294, 295. 
 
 Schouler, i. 341-344. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 24-29. 
 
 Thomas, 154, 155. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 132, 133, 138, 139. 
 
 Troubles with 
 France 
 
 " Millions for de 
 fence, but not a cent 
 for tribute." 
 
 Pinckney. 
 
 Francis Hopkin- 
 son s " Hail Colum 
 bia." 
 
 Administration of John Adams 1797-1801 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 132-134. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 112-117. 
 
 Eggleston, 221, 222. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 266, 267. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 166-168. 
 
 Higginson, 232, 233. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 219-224, 250-253. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 513-515. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 42-44. 
 
 Johnston, 161, 162. 
 
 Lalor, iii. 1122. 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 93. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 308-313. In parts to 416. 
 
 Morse, Life of John Adams, 273-287. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 146-165. 
 
 Montgomery, 199, 200. 
 
 Patton, i. 591-596. 
 
 Richardson, 295. 
 
 Schouler, i. 344-347. 373-39 2 - 
 
 Stevens, Life of Gallatin, 162-166. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Troubles with 
 France 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Alien and Sedition 
 Acts 
 
 See Article I. of the 
 Amendments to the 
 Constitution. 
 
 Virginia and 
 Kentucky 
 Resolutions of 
 1798 
 
 See No. 14 Lovell s 
 Am. History Leaflets. 
 
 " That Jefferson was 
 not only an advocate, 
 but the father, of the 
 doctrine of nullifica 
 tion is thus well estab 
 lished." 
 
 Von Hoist. 
 
 ( Smith, Goldwin, 151. 
 
 ) Thomas, 155, 156. 
 
 QVon Hoist, i. 131, 139-142. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 129, 130. 
 
 Eggleston, 224, 226. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 268, 270. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 168-170. 
 
 Higginson, 233. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 215-216, 225-229. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 515. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 44. 
 
 Johnston, 162, 164. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia,!. 56, 58, 771, 772. 
 
 Lossing, 1 06, 107. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 389, 390, 393, 395, 396. 
 
 Montgomery, 200, 201 . 
 
 Morse, Life of John Adams, 287, 288. 
 
 Patton, i. 594; ii. 710. 
 
 Schouler, i. 393-403. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 153. 
 
 Thomas, 156, 157. 
 k Von Hoist, i. 141-143. 
 
 f Adams, i. 139-143. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 130- 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 269. 
 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 246-250. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 83, 84. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 170, 171. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 272-277. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 515, 516. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 45-47. 
 
 Lalor, ii. 672-676. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 419-423. 
 
 Montgomery, 200. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 193, 194. 
 
 Patton, ii. 711, 712. 
 
 Schouler, i. 423-425. 
 v Smith, Goldwin, 153. 
 
The Period of Federalist Supremacy 
 
 Virginia etc. 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Death of 
 Washington 
 Dec. 14, 1799 
 
 " First in war, first 
 in peace, first in the 
 hearts of his country 
 men." 
 Richard Henry Lee. 
 
 "The greatest of 
 good men and the best 
 of great men." 
 
 Edward Everett. 
 
 Thomas, 157. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 144-151 . 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 135. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 118. 
 Eggleston, 218. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 174. 
 Higginson, 233. 
 Hildreth, v. 337-340. 
 Irving-Fiske, 517-522. 
 Johnston, 165. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Washington, ii. 293-298. 
 Lossing, Field Book, 109-111. 
 McMaster, ii. 452-454. 
 Montgomery, 201. 
 Patton, i. 596, 597. 
 Richardson, 296. 
 Schouler, i. 451, 452. 
 ^Thomas, 158. 
 
 Vaccination introduced into the United States in 1800 by Benj. 
 Waterhouse of Boston. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 135. 
 Eggleston, 222, 223. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 262. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. Hist., 149. 
 Higginson, 232. 
 Hildreth, v. 391-395. 
 Irving-Fiske, 510. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 49. 
 Johnston, 164. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 351, 352. 
 McMaster, ii. 486-489. 
 Montgomery, 202. 
 Patton, 598. 
 Richardson, 296. 
 Schouler, i. 475, 476. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 149. 
 w Thomas, 158. 
 
 Establishment of 
 the Capitol at 
 Washington 
 Nov. 1800 
 
 "This is the first 
 case of * log-rolling in 
 the history of Con 
 gress." 
 
 Goldwin Smith. 
 
16 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Downfall of the 
 Federalist Party 
 and Election of 
 Jefferson 
 
 First Election by 
 the House of 
 Representatives 
 
 See Constitution 
 Art. II. Sect. i. 
 
 The greatest work 
 of the Party : 
 "That of framing and 
 establishing the more 
 perfect Union." 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 143, 144. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 7, 10, u. 
 Eggleston, 224, 226. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 270. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 171-175. 
 Higginson, 233. 
 Hildreth, v. 414-418. 
 Irving-Fiske, 522, 523. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 49. 
 Johnston, 164. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 169. 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 235, 236. 
 Lossing, Field Book, 108. 
 McMaster, ii. 417, 419, 509, 510. 
 Montgomery, 201. 
 Morse, Life of John Adams, 305-310, 315- 
 
 329- 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 195-200. 
 Patron, i. 598. 
 
 Schouler, i. 480-482, 487, 488. 
 Stan wood, Presidential Elections, 30-44. 
 Thomas, 158, 159. 
 ^ Von Hoist, i. 168-173. 
 
 Summary of the Period of Federalist Supremacy 1789-1801 
 
 ( First Inauguration of Washington. 
 1789 \ The First Cabinet. 
 
 (^ Ratification by North Carolina. 
 
 J Ratification by Rhode Island. 
 I 79 J Division of Parties. 
 
 ( Establishment of a National Bank. 
 
 1791 > The Funding of the National Debt. 
 ( Vermont Admitted. 
 
 1792 Kentucky Admitted. 
 
 ( The Cotton-gin Invented. 
 
 1793 2 Citizen Genet comes from France. 
 (French Revolution Influences Am. Politics. 
 
TJie Period of Federalist Supremacy 1 7 
 
 < Whiskey Insurrection. 
 *794 } Wayne s Defeat of the Ohio Indians 
 
 1795 Jay s Treaty. 
 
 ( Tennessee Admitted. 
 
 1796 < Election and Inauguration of John Adams. 
 (^ Washington s Farewell Address. 
 
 ( Troubles with France. 
 
 1798 J Alien and Sedition Acts. 
 
 ^ Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. 
 
 1799 Death of Washington. 
 
 C Establishment of the Capitol at Washington. 
 
 1800 ) Downfall of the Federalist Party. 
 C. Election of Jefferson. 
 
i8 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 PERIOD OF REPUBLICAN SUPREMACY 1801-1809 
 
 First Administration of Thomas Jefferson 1801-1805 
 
 f Adams, Hist, of U.S., i. 185-217. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 144. 145, 164-168. 
 
 Eggleston, 226-227. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 176-179. 
 
 Higginson, 235. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 419-423. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 523. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics. 52-54. 
 
 Johnston, 166, 167. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 638, 639. 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 112, 114, 115. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 533-53?- 
 
 Montgomery, 201, 202. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 200-208. 
 
 Richardson, 297, 298. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 1-4. 
 
 Thomas, 160, 161. 
 ^ Von Hoist, i. 168, 178. 
 
 Inauguration 
 and First 
 Administration 
 of Thomas 
 Jefferson 
 
 Barbary Wars and 
 Decatur s 
 Exploit 
 
 "The first Ameri 
 can vessel of war (the 
 George Washington ) 
 to visit the Bosphorus 
 entered the Golden 
 Horn with a pirate 
 flag at the mast-head." 
 
 Adams, i. 244-246; ii. 137-140, 425-437 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 154-161. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 1 19-130. 
 
 Eggleston, 228, 229. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 275, 276. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 184, 185. 
 
 Higginson, 237, 238. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 482-484, 507-509. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 525. 
 
 Johnston, 170, 171. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 55, 56. 
 
 Lossing/ Field Book, 116-125. 
 
 Maclay, Hist, of U.S. Navy, i. 214-269. 
 
Period of Republican Supremacy 
 
 Barbary Wars and 
 Decatur s 
 Exploit 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 iMcMaster, ii. 588, 593, 602. 
 Montgomery, 203. 
 Patton, i. 601-603. 
 Richardson, 301-306. 
 Schouler, ii. 16-18, 67, 68, 92-94. 
 Thomas, 163, 164. 
 Winsor, vii. 368-375. 
 
 Ohio admitted as a free State, 1802. 
 
 Purchase of 
 Louisiana 
 
 1803 
 
 " I have just given 
 to England a maritime 
 rival that will, sooner 
 or later, humble her 
 pride." 
 
 Bonaparte. 
 
 " For the first time 
 in the national history, 
 all parties agreed that 
 the government could 
 govern." 
 
 Adams. 
 
 ( Adams, ii. 42-50, 95-134. 
 
 Elaine, Twenty Years in Congress, i. 5-9. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 145-149. 
 
 Bryce, ii. 1 1. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 120. 
 
 Eggleston, 234, 235. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 273, 274. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 185-187. 
 
 Higginson, 244, 245. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 478-481, 492, 493. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 523, 524. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 57. 
 
 Johnston, 167, 168. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 93-96. 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 132-134. 
 
 McMaster, ii. 625-632; iii. 1-9. 
 
 Montgomery, 204. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 250-258. 
 
 Patton, i. 600, 60 1. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 27, 28. 
 
 Richardson, 298. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 44-53. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 215-218. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 158, 159. 
 
 Thomas, 162. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 183-192. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 478, 479, 547. 
 
 Change in the f Adams, ii. 131-134. 
 
 Mode of Electing ) Eggleston, 227, 228. 
 Presidents, and (Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 270. 
 
2O 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 the Twelfth 
 Amendment to 
 the Constitution 
 
 See the American 
 History Leaflets, No. 
 8, Text of Constitu- 
 
 Oregon Discovery 
 and Lewis and 
 Clarke 
 Expedition 
 
 Duel of Burr and 
 Hamilton 
 
 " In Hamilton s 
 death, the Federalists 
 and the country expe 
 rienced a loss second 
 
 Hildreth, v. 506, 507. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 58. 
 Johnston, 148, 150, 164. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 608, 806, 807 ; ii. 135. 
 McMaster, ii. 529, 530; iii. 183-187. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 206. 
 Schouler, ii. 59, 60. 
 
 Stanwobd, Presidential Elections, 45-48. 
 Thomas, 165. 
 i Winsor, vii. 269, 270. 
 
 ( Adams, iii. 12, 13, 215. 
 H. H. Bancroft, Northwest Coast, ii. chs. 
 
 1-3- 
 
 Barrows, Oregon, 57-63. 
 Elaine, i. 12, 13. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 170. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 366, 367. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 274, 275. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 233. 
 Higginson, 245-247. 
 Hildreth, v. 498. 
 Irving-Fiske, 525. 
 Johnston, 168, 241. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 1046. 
 McMaster, ii. 633-635 ; iii. 142-144. 
 Montgomery, 205, 206. 
 Richardson, 298-300. 
 Schouler, ii. 130. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 217-219. 
 Thomas. 163. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 556, 557. 
 
 Adams, ii. 186-191. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 149. 
 
 Bryce, ii. 7, 8. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 133-138. 
 
 Eggleston, 215. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 189. 
 i^ Higginson, 242. 
 
Period of Republican Supremacy 
 
 21 
 
 Duel of Burr and 
 Hamilton 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 only to that of Wash 
 ington." Hildreth. 
 
 " Protection, force, 
 and energy in the cen 
 tral government, finan 
 cial stability, these are 
 Hamilton s great leg 
 acy to the American 
 Union . Sch outer . 
 
 Hildreth, v. 520-527. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 525, 526. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 59. 
 
 Johnston, 136. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 324. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Hamilton, 237-252. 
 
 Lossing, 134, 135. 
 
 McMaster, iii. 52-54. 
 
 Patton, i. 603-605. 
 
 Richardson, 306, 307. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 61-66. 
 k Thomas, 164, 165. 
 
 Second Administration of Thomas Jefferson 1805-1809. 
 
 Adams, iii. 219-342. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 149-153. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 138, 139. 
 Eggleston, 235. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 276. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 189-191. 
 Higginson, 242, 243. 
 Hildreth, v. 594-624, 668-673. 
 Irving-Fiske, 526. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 63, 64. 
 Johnston, 170. 
 Lalor, Cyclopedia, i. 324. 
 Lossing, 134-137. 
 McMaster, iii. 55-88. 
 Montgomery, 207. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 280-285. 
 Parton, Life of Burr, ii. chs. 22-26. 
 Patton, i. 605. 
 Richardson, 307, 308. 
 Schouler, ii. 118-124. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 283. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 159. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 48-50 
 Thomas, 165. 
 v Winsor, vii. 338-340. 
 
 Conspiracy of 
 Aaron Burr 
 
 See Constitution 
 Art. III. Sect. 3 
 
22 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Fulton s "Cler- 
 mont " 1807 
 
 Aggressions on 
 Neutral Trade by 
 England and 
 France The 
 Berlin and Milan 
 Decrees and the 
 British Orders in 
 Council 
 
 Adams, i. 69, 71, 182. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 169, 170. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 140, 141. 
 Eggleston, 271, 272. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 300. 
 Higginson, 241, 242. 
 Hildreth, v. 551. 
 Irving-Fiske, 537. 
 Johnston, 169. 
 Lossing, Field Book, 242. 
 McMaster, iii. 487-491. 
 Montgomery, 208. 
 Patton, ii. 687. 
 Richardson, 308-311. 
 Schouler, ii. 266, 267. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 283. 
 k Thomas, 169, 170. 
 
 ( Adams, iii. 370-391 ; iv. 79-104. 
 Bryant & ^Gay, iv. 172-175. 
 Coffin, Building of the Nation, 142-144. 
 Eggleston, 240. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 277. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 191, 192. 
 Higginson, 236. 
 Hildreth, v. 646-649; vi. 33-35. 
 Irving-Fiske, 526. 
 Johnston, 171. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 81. 
 Lossing, 140-148. 
 McMaster, iii. 249-251, 292, 293. 
 Montgomery, 206. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 273-276. 
 Patton, i. 607-610. 
 Richardson, 314. 
 
 Roosevelt, Naval War of 1812, r-6. 
 Schouler, ii. 151-156. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 230, 231. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 161-164. 
 Thomas, 166-168. 
 
Period of Republican Supremacy 
 
 Aggressions etc. 
 
 Continued} 
 
 Affair of the 
 Leopard and 
 Chesapeake 
 
 The Embargo Act 
 in force i year 
 3 months 
 
 " The one stern 
 measure of this eight - 
 years administration. 
 
 253-262. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 200, 201. 
 Winsor, vii. 481, 482. 
 
 Adams, iv. 1-26. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 176, 177. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 277. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 194. 
 
 Higginson, 236. 
 
 Hildreth, v. 678-682. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 527. 
 
 Johnston, 172. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 994. 
 
 Lossing, 155-159 
 
 Maclay, Hist. U.S. Navy, i. 305-308. 
 
 McMaster, iii. 
 
 Montgomery, 206. 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 296-298. 
 
 Patton, i. 610, 611. 
 
 Richardson, 315. 
 
 Roosevelt, The Naval War of 1812, 6, 7. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 145-147. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 231. 
 
 Thomas, 167, 168. 
 
 ( Adams, iv. 152-177, 249-289. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 178, 179. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 143. 
 Eggleston, 241 . 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 278. 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 264-282. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 195-198. 
 Higginson, 236. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 36-44, 69, 84-87, 110-128. 
 Irving-Fiske, 526-528. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 65, 66. 
 Johnston, 172. . 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 81-85. 
 Lossing, 162. 163. 
 McMaster, iii. 449-451. 
 ^ Montgomery, 209. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Embargo Act 
 in force i year 
 3 months 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Foreign Slave Trade 
 Forbidden 1808 
 
 See .Text of Consti 
 tution Art. I. Sect. 9 
 
 Retirement of 
 Jefferson His 
 Character 
 
 " His character has 
 contributed most 
 strongly in forming 
 that of his country: 
 Liberal education, lib 
 eral religion, a free 
 press, America for the 
 Americans, all these 
 things are Jefferso- 
 nian." 
 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 298-312. 
 
 Patton, i. 612, 613. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 151, 156-165, 173-178. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 230. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 164, 165. 
 
 Thomas, 1-68. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 200-210, 216, 217. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 274, 482. 
 
 Adams, iii. 347, 357-361. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 66, 67. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 237. 
 Higginson, 240. 
 Hildreth, vi. 638, 661, 701. 
 Irving-Fiske, 555. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, u. 
 Johnston, 141, 167. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 732. 
 McMaster, iii. 520, 521. 
 Montgomery, 209. 
 Schouler, ii. 125-128. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 223, 224. 
 Thomas, 166, and Note. 
 Von Hoist, i. 293-298, 317. 
 Winsor, vii. 291, 292. 
 
 Adams, iv. 454-474. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 164-166, 168, 180. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 119. 
 
 Eggleston, 172, 200. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 271, 272. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 177-179, 198, 
 
 222. 
 
 Higginson, 235. 
 Hildreth, vi. 138-143. 
 Johnston, 166. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 639. 
 McMaster, iii. 336. 
 M o ntgo me ry , 201, 202. 
 Morse, Life of Jefferson, 331-344. 
 
Period of Republican Supremacy 
 
 Retirement of 
 Jefferson etc. 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Election and 
 Inauguration of 
 James Madison 
 
 "Washington, who 
 ruled superior to party, 
 Adams, who ruled in 
 spite of a party, Jeffer 
 son, who ruled at the 
 head of a party, Madi 
 son, the first of the 
 Presidents who have 
 been the exponents of 
 a party." 
 
 ( Richardson, 406. 
 
 ) Schouler, ii. 198-204. 
 
 (^ Von Hoist, i. 159, 160, 191, 192. 
 
 Adams, v. 1-12. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 180, 181. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 144. 
 Eggleston, 241, 242. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 278. 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 283. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 200. 
 Higginson, 248. 
 Hildreth, vi. 95, 149, 150. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 68. 
 Johnston, 174. 
 Lossing, 169, 175. 
 McMaster, iii. 317, 318, 336, 337. 
 Montgomery, 210. 
 Schouler, ii. 183, 184, 279, 280. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 51-56. 
 ^ Thomas, 169. 
 
 1801 
 1802 
 1803 
 
 1804 
 
 1805 
 1806 
 
 Summary of the Period of Republican Supremacy 1801-1809 
 
 < Jefferson Inaugurated. 
 
 ^ Barbary Wars and Decatur s Exploit. 
 
 Ohio Admitted. 
 
 Purchase of Louisiana. 
 
 The Twelfth Constitutional Amendment. 
 
 ( Oregon Discovery, and Lewis and Clark 
 
 ) Expedition. 
 
 Q Duel of Burr and Hamilton. 
 
 Jefferson s Second Term Begins. 
 The Berlin Decree by Napoleon. . 
 
26 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 1807 
 
 1808 
 1809 
 
 Conspiracy of Aaron Burr. 
 
 Fulton s Clermont. 
 
 Milan Decree by Napoleon. 
 
 British Orders in Council. 
 
 Affair of the Leopard and Chesapeake. 
 
 The Embargo Act. 
 
 Foreign Slave Trade Forbidden. 
 
 Retirement of Jefferson. 
 Inauguration of James Madison. 
 
The Period of Foreign War 
 
 27 
 
 THE PERIOD OF FOREIGN WAR 
 
 First Administration of James Madison 1809 1813 
 
 ( Adams, vi. 90-1 12. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 182, 183. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 145, 146. 
 Eggleston, 242. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 285. 
 Higginson, 249. 
 Hildreth, vi. 251-259. 
 Irving-Fiske, 529, 533. 
 Tecumseh and I Johnston, 175, 179 
 
 Tippecanoe ] Lossing, 194-209. 
 
 McMaster, iii. 529-536. 
 Montgomery, 211. 
 Patton, ii. 619-621. 
 Richardson, 312, 313. 
 Schouler, ii. 331-335- 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 284. 
 Thomas, 170. 
 Winsor, vii. 375, 376. 
 
 Louisiana, the eighteenth State, admitted to the Union, 1812 
 
 Causes of the 
 War of 1812 
 
 1. British Tamper 
 ing with Indians. 
 
 2. Orders in Coun 
 cil. 
 
 3. Interference with 
 Commerce. 
 
 4. Impressment of 
 American seamen. 
 
 5. The Chesapeake 
 Outrage. 
 
 ( Adams, vi. 1 16, 117, 221, 323. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 181, 185, 186. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 142-144, 147, 
 148. 
 
 Cooper, Naval Hist., ii. 14-18, 22, 23. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 279-280. 
 
 Gay, Life of Madison, 301-312. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 203-206. 
 
 Higginson, 248. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 313-317. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 529. 
 ^ Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 81, 82. 
 
28 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Causes of the 
 War of 1812 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 How is war de 
 clared? 
 
 See Constitution 
 Art. I. Sect. 8 
 
 Campaign of 1812 
 on Land 
 
 Hull s Surrender. 
 Battle of Queens- 
 town. 
 
 The Year 1812 
 upon the Sea 
 
 Four Great 
 Duels. 
 
 Lossing, 226, 227, 247. 
 
 McMaster, iii. 253, 456, 457. 
 
 Montgomery, 211, 212. 
 
 Patton, ii. 632. 
 
 Richardson, 314-316. 
 
 Roosevelt, Naval War of 1812, 1-8. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 144-1 53, 334, 346, 355. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 67-77. 
 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 230, 231. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 165-170. 
 
 Thomas, 171. 
 
 Von Hoist, Life of Calhoun, 12-15. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 222-238. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 376. 
 
 f Adams, vi. 296-300, 312-335. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 187-190. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 153-158 
 Eggleston, 245. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 285. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 209. 
 Higginson, 249. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 335 342, 355-359 3 62 - 
 Irving-Fiske, 532, 533. 
 Johnston, 177, 178. 
 Lossing, 260-289, 381-432. 
 McMaster, iii. 556-560. 
 Montgomery, 212-213. 
 Patton, ii. 630, 631. 
 Richardson, 316-320. 
 Roosevelt, pp. xiii., xiv. 
 Schouler, ii. 357, 358, 359-361. 
 Thomas, 173. 
 Winsor, vii. 382-385. 
 
 ( Adams, vi. 373-387. 
 
 Bryant and Gay, iv. 192, 193. 
 J Coffin, Building the Nation, 159-170. 
 Ship Cooper, Naval Hist., ii. 55-59- 
 ( Eggleston, 246, 247. 
 
The Period of Foreign War 
 
 29 
 
 The Year 1812 
 upon the Sea 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Holmes "OM Iron 
 sides." 
 
 ( Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 281-284. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 210. 
 Higginson, 249. 
 Hildreth, vi. 367-370. 
 Irving-Fiske, 530. 
 Johnston, 181, 182. 
 Lossing, Field Book, 441-462. 
 Maclay, Hist, of U.S. Navy, i. 344-360, 
 
 364-384, 401-411- 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 213, 214. 
 Patton, ii. 637-641. 
 Richardson, 320-324. 
 Roosevelt, 89-97, 100-105, 108-114, 119- 
 
 127. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 362, 363. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 232. 
 Winsor, vii. 380-382. 
 
 Campaign of 1813 
 on Land 
 
 Battle of the 
 Thames. 
 
 Death of Tecumseh. 
 
 Second Administration of James Madison 1813-1817 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 199, 200. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 194. 
 
 Eggleston, 251, 252. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 209, 210, 
 
 Higginson, 249. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 437, 438. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 533. 
 
 Johnston, 179. 
 
 Lossing, 551-559- 
 
 McMaster, iv. 
 
 Patton, ii. 647. 
 
 Richardson, 331 . 
 
 Schouler, ii. 385. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 392. 
 
 The Year 1813 
 upon the Sea 
 
 Loss of the Chesa 
 peake. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 191, 192, 198, 199, 206, 
 
 207. 
 I Coffin, Building the Nation, 178, 179, 187- 
 
 193- 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Year 1813 
 upon the Sea 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Cruise of the Essex. 
 
 Perry s Victory on 
 Lake Erie. 
 
 " We have met the 
 enemy, and they are 
 ours." 
 Commodore Perry. 
 
 Campaign of 1814 
 on Land 
 
 Battle of Chippewa. 
 
 Battle of Lundy s 
 Lane. 
 
 Attack on Balti 
 more. 
 
 Capture of Wash 
 ington. 
 
 " Star -Spangled 
 Banner." 
 
 Eggleston, 248, 249. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 285, 286. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 209, 211. 
 
 Higginson, 249, 250. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 411, 420-422, 430, 435-437, 
 
 486. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 531, 533. 
 Johnston, 183-185, 187, 188. 
 Lossing, 518-533, 703-709, 721-733- 
 Maclay, Hist. U.S. Navy, i. 436-459, 492- 
 
 517, 542-575- 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 214. 
 Patton, ii. 645, 646. 
 Richardson, 327-331. 
 Roosevelt, 78-81, 254-273, 291-300. 
 Schouler, ii. 383-385, 392-394. 
 Sheldon, 234. 
 Thomas, 173. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 386, 387, 391, 392, 395. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 211-214, 217-222. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 196-200, 212- 
 219. 
 
 Eggleston, 252, 253. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 287. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 213. 
 
 Higginson, 251 . 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 492-497, 501-512, 517-518. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 533, 534. 
 
 Johnston, 190-193. 
 
 Lossing, Field Book, 804-815, 816-824. 
 
 McMaster, iv. 
 
 Montgomery, 216, 217. 
 
 Patton, ii. 662-665, 668-672. 
 
 Richardson, 332, 333. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 403-406, 407-412. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 171. 
 
 Thomas, 175, 176. 
 k Winsor, vii. 393, 394, 400-403. 
 
The Period of Foreign War 
 
 The Year 1814 
 upon the Lakes 
 
 MacDonough s Vic 
 tory. 
 
 " Down to the time 
 of our Civil War he is 
 the greatest figure in 
 our Naval History." 
 Roosevelt, 
 
 Dissatisfaction in 
 New England 
 
 The Hartford Con 
 vention. 
 
 f Bryant & Gay, iv. 214-216. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 203-205. 
 Cooper, Naval Hist., 212-224. 
 Eggleston, 249. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 213. 
 Hildreth, vi. 518, 519. 
 Irving-Fiske, 534. 
 Johnston, 188, 189. 
 Lossing, 865-873. 
 Maclay, Hist, of the Navy, ii. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 217. 
 Patton, ii. 666. 
 Richardson, 340. 
 Roosevelt, 375-398. 
 Schouler, ii. 406. 
 Thomas, 175. 
 Winsor, vii. 397-400. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 229-233, 239. 
 Bryce, Am. Com., ii. 10. 
 Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, i. 4. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 223. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 288. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 85, 86. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 214-218. 
 Higginson, 249. 
 Hildreth, vi. 530-536. 
 Irving-Fiske, 535- 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 78, 79. 
 Johnston, 192. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 624-626. 
 Lossing, 1012-1016. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 219, Note. 
 Patton, ii. 672-676. 
 Schouler, ii. 417, 424-430. 
 Sheldon, 237, 238. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 171. 
 ^ Thomas, 177. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Dissatisfaction etc. 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Jackson s Victory 
 at New Orleans 
 Jan. 8, 1815 
 
 " History records no 
 example of so glorious 
 a victory obtained with 
 so little bloodshed on 
 the part of the victori 
 ous." Monroe. 
 
 "The only military 
 achievement of this 
 war which left upon 
 Europe a memorable 
 impression." 
 
 Schouler. 
 
 Close of the War 
 Treaty of Ghent 
 
 Effects of the War : 
 
 1. National Pride. 
 
 2. Training of Sol 
 diers. 
 
 3. Freedom from 
 European Politics. 
 
 4. Disappearance 
 of the Federalist Party. 
 
 5. G ai n i n t he 
 spirit of Nationality. 
 
 ( Von Hoist, i. 260-272. 
 
 \ Winsor, vii. 252, 253, 277, 321. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 233-236. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 225-231. 
 Eggleston, 254. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 288. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 214. 
 Higginson, 251 . 
 Hildreth, vi. 557-566. 
 Irving- Fiske, 534, 535. 
 Johnston, 195, 196. 
 Lossing, 1023-1050. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 218, 219. 
 Morse. Life of Jackson, i. 36-48. 
 Parton, Life of Jackson, ii. 186-213. 
 Patton, ii. 677-681. 
 Richardson, 341-344. 
 Roosevelt, 455-493. 
 Schouler, ii. 413, 414, 438-443. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 117, 118. 
 Sheldon, 235, 236. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 172, 173. 
 Thomas, 177, 178. 
 Winsor, vii. 403, 404. 
 
 / Bryant & Gay, iv. 236, 238-242. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 228-231. 
 Eggleston, 254, 255. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 289. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 218, 222. 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 
 
 399-405- 
 
 Higginson, 251, 252. 
 Hildreth, vi. 565-569. 
 Irving-Fiske, 535. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 77, 78, 80. 
 Johnston, 196. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 946, 1090. 
 
The Period of Foreign War 
 
 33 
 
 Close of the War 
 Treaty of Ghent 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 " It will be seen 
 that the treaty did not 
 touch one of the points 
 on which the United 
 States had declared 
 war." 
 
 Johnston. 
 
 The Algerine War . 
 and Subjection 
 of the Barbary 
 States 
 
 "The Americans 
 have done more for 
 Christendom against 
 the pirates of Africa 
 than all the powers of 
 Europe united." 
 Pope Pius Vn. 
 
 The First 
 
 Protective Tariff 
 
 Enacted April 27, 
 1816 
 
 Introduced the two 
 new principles of pro 
 tection and specific 
 duties. 
 
 Lossing, 1060-1067. 
 
 McMaster, iv. 
 
 Montgomery, 219. 
 
 Morse, Life of John Q. Adams, 75-98. 
 
 Morse, Life of Albert Gallatin, 312-340, 
 
 Patton, ii. 682, 683. 
 
 Richardson, 344. 
 
 Roosevelt, 400. 
 
 Schouler, ii. 431-437. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 102-125. 
 
 Sheldon, 236. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 172. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 273-275. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 483-488. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 243, 244. 
 Cooper, Naval History, iii. 7-15. 
 Eggleston, 229. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 275, 276. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 232. 
 Hildreth, vi. 577, 578. 
 Johnston, 199. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 56. 
 Maclay, History U.S. Navy, ii. 
 Patton, ii. 685. 
 Richardson, 344, 345. 
 Schouler, ii. 455, 456. 
 Winsor, vii. 405, 406. 
 
 Blaine, i. 190. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 244, 245. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 247. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 306, 307. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 90. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 229-231. 
 Higginson, 261, 262. 
 Hildreth, vi. 585-588. 
 Irving- Fiske, 541. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 81. 
 Johnston, 198. 
 
34 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The First 
 Protective Tariff 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 ( Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 773 ; iii. 859, 860. 
 Montgomery, 21.9, 240, Note. 
 Patton, ii. 686. 
 Richardson, 358, 359. 
 Schouler, ii. 450. 
 Sheldon, 238, 239. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 185. 
 Taussig, Tariff History of U.S., 16-19, 6 3> 
 
 68, 69. 
 
 Thomas, 185, 186. 
 Von Hoist, i. 398-400. 
 Winsor, vii. 278. 
 
 Indiana, the nineteenth State, admitted, 1816. 
 
 The first ocean steamer, the Savannah, crosses the Atlantic, 1819. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 246. < 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 232. 
 Eggleston, 264. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 298. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 231, 232. 
 Higginson, 253. 
 Hildreth, vi. 593, 595. 
 Irving-Fiske, 535, 536. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 81, 83. 
 Johnston, 201 . 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 898. 
 Montgomery, 220. 
 Richardson, 345. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 18, 19. 
 Schouler, ii. 458-461. 
 Sheldon, 285. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 175. 
 Stanwood, Pres. Elections, 64-69. 
 Thomas, 181. 
 Winsor, vii. 279. 
 
 Election of the 
 Fifth President 
 James Monroe 
 
 Mississippi, the twentieth State, admitted, 1817. 
 
The Period of Foreign War 
 
 35 
 
 1811 
 
 1812 
 
 1813 
 
 1814 
 
 1815 
 
 1816 
 
 Summary of the Period of Foreign War 
 
 Tecumseh and Tippecanoe. 
 
 Louisiana Admitted. 
 
 War Declared against Great Britain. 
 
 Causes of the War. 
 
 Hull s Surrender, Aug. 16. 
 
 Battle of Queenstown, Oct. 13. 
 
 Four Great Ship Duels. 
 
 (Battle of the Thames, Oct. 5. 
 Death of Tecumseh. 
 The Loss of the Chesapeake. 
 The Cruise of the Essex. 
 Perry s Victory on Lake Erie, Sept. 10. 
 
 Battle of Chippewa, July 5. 
 
 Battle of Lundy s Lane, July 25. 
 
 Attack on Baltimore. 
 
 Capture of Washington, Aug. 24. 
 
 McDonough s Victory on Lake Champlain, 
 
 Sept. n. 
 
 Dissatisfaction in New England, and 
 The Hartford Convention. 
 v Treaty of Peace Signed, Dec. 24. 
 
 / Jackson s Victory at New Orleans, Jan. 8. 
 ^ The Algerine War, and Subjection of the 
 C Barbary States. 
 
 The First Protective Tariff. 
 Indiana Admitted. 
 ( National Bank Chartered. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 PERIOD OF NATIONAL GROWTH 1817-1829 
 
 First Administration of James Monroe 1817-1821 
 
 Beginnings of the 
 Slavery 
 Agitation 
 
 The three Compro 
 mises with Slavery in 
 the Constitution. 
 
 1. Sect. 2. Appor 
 tionment of Represen 
 tatives. 
 
 2. Art. I. Sect. I. 
 Limitation of the Slave 
 Trade. 
 
 3. Art. IV. Sect. 
 2. Rendition of Fugi 
 tive Slaves. 
 
 See Text of Consti 
 tution. 
 
 / Elaine, i. 21-23. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 260-265. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 243. 
 Eggleston, 259, 260. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 300-302. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 66-74. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 236-238, 
 Higginson, 254-256. 
 Hildreth, vi. 635-638, 662-665. 
 Irving-Fiske, 537, 538. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 86. 
 Johnston, 204. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 549-551, 774- 
 Montgomery, 222-224. 
 Patton, ii. 692-695. 
 Richardson, 408. 
 Schouler, iii. 100-103, I 34 I 47- 
 Sheldon, 242-244. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 177-178. 
 Thomas, 188. 
 Von Hoist, i. 350-360. 
 Winsor, vii. 279, 280. 
 
 Illinois, the twenty-first State, admitted, 1818. 
 Alabama, the twenty-second State, admitted, 1819. 
 
 The Missouri 
 Compromise 
 
 The three lines of 
 division between slave 
 and free territory. 
 
 i. Mason and Dix- 
 
 -10. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, i. 
 Blaine, i. 16-21. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 267-274. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 12. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 243. 
 Eggleston, 259-261. 
 ^ Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 303. 
 
Period of National Growth 
 
 37 
 
 The Missouri 
 Compromise 
 
 ( Continued ) 
 
 2. The Ohio River. 
 
 3. The line of the 
 Compromise, 36 30 
 
 813. 
 
 ( Oilman, Life of Monroe, 144-149. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 74-80. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 238-241. 
 Higginson, 256. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 663, 664, 688-696. 
 Irving-Fiske, 538, 539. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 86, 88, 90. 
 Johnston, 204, 205. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 549, 55; 
 Missouri, Am. Commonwealths, 139-162. 
 Montgomery, 225, 226. 
 Patton, ii. 695. 
 Richardson, 408. 
 Schouler, iii. 164-173, 178-186. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 172-198. 
 Sheldon-Barnes, 241, 242. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 177, 178. 
 Thomas, 189. 
 Von Hoist, i. 373-382. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power 
 
 i. 145-149- 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 280, 281. 
 
 Maine, the twenty-third State, admitted, 1820. 
 
 The Seminole 
 War 
 
 Seminoles, i.e., 
 " wanderers " refugee 
 Creeks. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 246-256. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 242. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 298. 
 
 Gilman, Life of Monroe, 140. 141. 
 
 Higginson, 253, 263, 264. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 641-646. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 536. 
 
 Johnston, 202. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 732. 
 
 Montgomery, 221, 222. 
 
 Patton, ii. 690-692. 
 
 Richardson, 346. 
 
 Sargent. Public Men and Events, i. 21, 22, 
 
 Schouler, iii. 57-61, 69-75, 87-89. 
 
 Sheldon, 285, 287. 
 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 52-61. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Seminole 
 War 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 (Thomas, 184. 
 
 ) Von Hoist, i. 336-339. 
 
 (Winsor, vii. 406. 
 
 Temporary 
 Settlement of 
 the Northwest 
 Boundary 
 
 f Elaine, i. 48. 
 
 Oilman, Life of Monroe, 249. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 233. 
 
 Hasweli. Treaties and Conventions, 
 415-418. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 659, 660. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 1045, 1046. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 330, 331. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 491 . 
 
 Purchase of 
 Florida 
 
 Possession given 
 1821 
 $5,000,000.00 
 
 For text of treaty 
 with Spain, see Has 
 weli, "Treaties and 
 Conventions " 1016- 
 1022 
 
 " It was an invest 
 ment in swamps, ever 
 glades, and sandy 
 barrens," but gave the 
 U.S. control of the 
 Gulf and the free 
 navigation of the lower 
 Mississippi. 
 
 Elaine, i. 13, 14. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 259. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 242, 243. 
 Eggleston, 264. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 299. 
 Gilman, Life of Monroe, 143. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 233, 234. 
 Higginson, 253, 254. 
 Hildreth, vi. 658, 686,713. 
 Irving- Fiske, 536. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 85. 
 Johnston, 201, 202. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 96. 
 Montgomery, 222. 
 Patton, ii. 691, 692. 
 Richardson, 346, 347. 
 Schouler, iii. 95, 189. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 162-165. 
 Sheldon, 285. 
 Thomas, 184, 185. 
 Von Hoist, i. 335, 336 . 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 497-500. 
 
 Missouri, the twenty-fourth State, admitted, 1821. 
 
Period of National Growth 
 
 39 
 
 The "Era of Good 
 Feeling" 
 
 " No one but Wash 
 ington was ever re- 
 elected to the highest 
 office in the land with 
 so near an approach 
 to unanimity." 
 
 Gihnan. 
 
 Second Administration of James Monroe 1821.1835 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 277. 
 Eggleston, 264. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 297. 
 Oilman, Life of Monroe, 12. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 249. 
 Higginson, 253, 255. 
 Hildreth, vi. 623. 
 Irving-Fiske, 535, 536. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 92. 
 Johnston, 201. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 108, 109. 
 Montgomery, 221. 
 Patton, ii. 689. 
 Schouler, iii. 335, 336. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 177. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 70. 
 Thomas, 183. 
 Von Hoist, i. 382. 
 Winsor, vii. 279. 
 
 The "American 
 System " or 
 System of 
 Internal 
 Improvements 
 and Protective 
 Duties 
 
 Cumberland Road, 
 extended from Cum 
 berland, Md., to the 
 West, and finally 
 reached Illinois. 
 
 1. To establish post- 
 offices and post-roads. 
 
 2. To declare war. 
 
 3. To regulate com 
 merce between the 
 States. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 274. 
 
 Eggleston, 272, 273. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 305-307. 
 
 Gilman, Life of Monroe, 149, 248. 
 
 Hart, Epochs of Am. History, 224, 227- 
 
 229, 253, 254. 
 Higginson, 260. 
 
 Hildreth, vi. 591, 592, 616, 617, 624. 
 Irving-Fiske, 541. 
 Johnston, 206, 207, 211. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 568-572. 
 Montgomery, 226, 227. 
 Patton, ii. 700. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 25-28. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The "American 
 System" etc. 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 4. To provide for 
 the general welfare. 
 
 5. To regulate ter 
 ritory and property of 
 the U.S. 
 
 These are the powers 
 of the Constitution by 
 which the right to 
 make internal im 
 provements is claimed. 
 
 What is the so-called 
 "Elastic Clause" of 
 the Constitution ? 
 
 The Erie Canal 
 
 "Three hundred 
 sixty-three miles long; 
 surmounts a rise of 
 600 feet; completed 
 fifty years from the 
 date of Battle of Bun 
 ker Hill." 
 
 Schouler, iii. 54, 55, 247-254, 295, 296. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 40, 145, 146. 
 Thomas, 186, 187. 
 Von Hoist, i. 388-394. 
 Winsor, vii. 274, 275, 279. 
 
 Clay s Tariff of 
 1824 
 
 "The Act of 1824 
 opened the struggle 
 between Free Trade" 
 and Protection." 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 275. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 238-242. 
 Eggleston, 272, 273. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 306. 
 Higginson, 260. 
 Hildreth, vi. 624, 625. 
 Irving-Fiske, 539. 
 Johnston, 206. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 339. 
 Montgomery, 229-231. 
 Patton, ii. 700. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 97-100. 
 Schouler, iii. 232, 346-348. 
 Sheldon, 285. 
 Thomas, 187. 
 ^ Von Hoist, i. 393. 
 
 Blaine, i. 191. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 278. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 308. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 247, 248. 
 Higginson, 261, 262. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 94. 
 Johnston, 207. 
 ^ Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 860, 861. 
 
Period of National Growth 
 
 Clay s Tariff of 
 1824 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Visit of Lafayette 
 
 The Monroe 
 Doctrine 
 
 Included in the 
 President s annual 
 message to Congress, 
 1823. 
 
 John Quincy Adams 
 the real author of this 
 doctrine. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Daniel Webster, 163-165. 
 Patton, ii. 697. 
 Schouler, iii. 296-298. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 212-220. 
 Smith, Goldvvin, 185-188. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 198-200. 
 Taussig, Tariff Hist, of U.S., 74-78. 
 Thomas, 191. 
 v Von Hoist, i. 401-405. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 245-246. 
 
 Gilman, Life of Monroe, 250, 251. 
 
 Higginson, 256. 
 
 Johnston, 205, 206. 
 
 Montgomery, 228. 
 
 Patton, ii. 697, 698. 
 
 Richardson, 347. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 89-95 
 
 Schouler, iii. 316-324, 328, 352. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 234, 235. 
 
 Thomas, 194-196. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 279, 285. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 244, 245. 
 
 Eggleston, 265. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 299. 
 
 Gilman, Life of Monroe, 156-174. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 243, 244. 
 
 Higginson, 258. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. American Politics, 93. 
 
 Johnston, 205. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 898-900. 
 
 Montgomery, 227, 228. 
 
 Patton, ii. 696. 
 
 Richardson, 348. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 287-292, 362. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 175, 176. 
 
 Thomas, 190, 191. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 420, 421. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 281, 502, 524. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Election of the 
 Sixth President 
 John Quincy 
 Adams 
 
 " To glance at a 
 good portrait of this 
 man is to feel posi 
 tive that he had his 
 opinion and was pre 
 pared to state it." 
 
 Election by the 
 House of Representa 
 tives, from the three 
 highest candidates, 
 Jackson, Adams, 
 Crawford. 
 
 See Const., Xllth 
 Amendment. 
 
 " This election gave 
 the death-blow to the 
 custom of nominating 
 candidates by a cau 
 cus held by members 
 of Congress." 
 
 Patton. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 280, 281. 
 
 Eggleston, 265. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 304. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 250, 251. 
 
 Higginson, 259. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 540. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 96, 97. 
 
 Johnston, 207, 208. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 24. 
 
 Montgomery, 229. 
 
 Morse, Life of Adams, 169-178. 
 
 Patton, ii. 698. 
 
 Richardson, 348. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 75, 79. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 324, 329, 397-409. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 191-195. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 79, 95. 
 
 Thomas, 192, 193. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 282. 
 
 Attempt at a 
 Panama 
 Congress 
 
 Administration of John Quincy Adams 1825-1829 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, i. 65, 69. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 283, 284. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 267, 268. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 251-253. 
 
 Morse, Life of John Quincy Adams, 190, 
 191. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 105 , 
 115-117. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 358-365. 
 
 Thomas, 197. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 409-413. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 503. 
 
Period of National Growth 
 
 43 
 
 Georgia and the 
 Creek Indians 
 A Conflict of 
 State and 
 National 
 Authority 
 
 " The political im 
 portance of the case 
 lay in the fact that its 
 result was the first 
 successful nullification, 
 in its modern sense, 
 of the laws of the 
 United States." 
 
 Johnston. 
 
 Deaths of Adams 
 and Jefferson 
 July 4, 1826 
 
 "On the fiftieth 
 anniversary of the 
 Declaration of Inde 
 pendence, of which 
 Jefferson was author 
 and Adams principal 
 supporter." 
 
 Johnston. 
 
 "The tears which 
 flow and the honors 
 which are paid when 
 the founders of the 
 republic die, give hope 
 that the republic itself 
 may be immortal." 
 Webster. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, i. 27-29. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 287-289. 
 
 Greeley, 102-106. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 255, 256. 
 
 Johnston, 210, 211. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 391-394. 
 
 Patton, ii. 700, 701, 706. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 96, 97, 
 
 104, 135-137. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 370-373, 378-383. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 181-183. 
 Thomas, 197, 198. 
 Von Hoist, i. 433-437. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 35-38. 
 Winsor, vii. 286. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, i. 87, 88. 
 
 Eggleston, 172, 221. 
 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 245. 
 
 Higginson, 261. 
 
 Johnston, 211. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 24. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 125, 126. 
 
 Morse, Life of John Adams, 330. 
 
 Patton, ii. 701, 702. 
 
 Richardson, 348, 351. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 131 
 
 Schouler, iii. 386, 387. 
 
 Thomas, 199. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 307. 
 
 Methods of Presidential Nominations 
 
 1789-1800. No formal nominations. 
 
 1800-1824. By Congressional caucuses. 
 
 1824-1840. By State legislatures and popular assemblies. 
 
44 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Tariff of 1828 
 
 " Called by its ene 
 mies The Tariff of 
 Abominations. " 
 Fiske. 
 
 "The highest and 
 most protective ever 
 adopted in this coun 
 try." Greeley. 
 
 1840 to the present. By party conventions. 
 See Bryce, Am. Commonwealths, Vol. ii. 172. 
 
 f Benton, Thirty Years" View, i. 95-102. 
 Elaine, i. 191, 192. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 291. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 308. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 91, 92. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 257, 258. 
 Higginson, 261, 262. 
 Irving-Fiske, 541, 542. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 100. 
 Johnston, 212. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 861, 862. 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 154-168. 
 Montgomery, 240, 241. 
 Patton, ii. 702-704. 
 
 Rhodes, Hist. United States, i. 40, 41. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 148. 
 Schouler, iii. 420-426. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 188, 189. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 200-206. 
 Taussig, Tariff History of U.S., 89-101. 
 Thomas, 199, 200. 
 Von Hoist, i. 402-408, 459. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 295, 296. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 172. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 247. 
 Eggleston, 266. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 308. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 88, 89. 
 Hart, Epochs Am. History, 261 . 
 Higginson, 262. 
 Irving-Fiske, 540. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 101-103. 
 Johnston, 212-214. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 626. 
 Montgomery, 234, 235. 
 Patton, ii. 704. 
 Richardson, 352, 353. 
 
 Election of 
 the Seventh 
 President 
 Andrew Jackson 
 
 "The Era of People 
 Worship, as though 
 ignorance and passion, 
 multiplied a million 
 times, could be di 
 vine." 
 
 Goldwin Smith. 
 
Period of National Growth 45 
 
 Election of 
 the Seventh 
 President 
 Andrew Jackson 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 " It was the Peo 
 ple s Day, the Peo 
 ple s President, and 
 the People would 
 rule." 
 
 Von Hoist. 
 
 f Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 151 
 162-164. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 437, 438, 451-453. 
 
 Sheldon, 286. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 195. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 96-101. 
 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 114-118. 
 
 Thomas, 200. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 2-6, n. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 19-21. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 283, 348. 
 
 Summary of the Period of National Growth iSiy-iSsg 
 
 ( Monroe Inaugurated. 
 
 1817 < Mississippi Admitted. 
 
 Q Beginnings of the Slavery Agitation. 
 
 1818 Illinois Admitted. 
 
 J Alabama Admitted. 
 
 { Treaty for the Annexation of Florida. 
 
 f Maine Admitted. 
 
 1820 < The Missouri Compromise. 
 
 (_ The Seminole War. 
 
 1 Missouri Admitted. 
 Monroe s Second Term. 
 Purchase of Florida. 
 Temporary Settlement of the Northwest 
 Boundary. 
 
 f Internal Improvements and Protective Du- 
 
 1822 J ties. 
 
 (_ The Era of Good Feeling. 
 
 1823 The Monroe Doctrine. 
 
 f Clay s Tariff. 
 
 1824 < Visit of Lafayette. 
 
 (^ Election of John Quincy Adams. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 1825 
 
 1826 
 1827 
 
 1828 
 
 (The Erie Canal. 
 
 ) Inauguration of John Quincy Adams. 
 
 Q Attempt at a Panama Congress. 
 
 Deaths of Adams and Jefferson, July 4. 
 Georgia and the Creek Indian Troubles. 
 
 ( A New Protective Tariff. 
 
 Formation of the Whig and Democratic 
 Parties. 
 
 Election of Andrew Jackson. 
 
 The First Locomotive Imported from Eng 
 land. 
 
Period of Critical Change 
 
 47 
 
 PERIOD OF CRITICAL CHANGE 1829-1842 
 
 First Administration of Andrew Jackson 1829-1833 
 
 The " Kitchen 
 Cabinet" 
 
 " Back of the Cabi 
 net there still stood the 
 Kitchen Cabinet, 
 which always pos 
 sessed undue power, 
 and was the deciding 
 influence in the most 
 important questions." 
 Von Hoist. 
 
 The Webster- 
 Hayne Debate 
 
 Foote s resolution 
 regarding the sale of 
 the public lands the 
 occasion. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 298. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 677. 
 
 Parton, Life of Jackson, iii. 178. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 152- 
 157, 164, 184, 185. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 495. 
 
 Smith, Gold win, 197. 
 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 140-145. 
 
 Thomas, 204. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 27, 28. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 28-30. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, i. 138-142, 
 
 337-342- 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 305, 306. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 248, 249. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 310. 
 Irving-Fiske, 543. 
 Johnston, 228. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 234, 1052; iii. 1098. 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 172-204. 
 Montgomery, 241, 242. 
 Patton, ii. 722. 
 Rhodes, i. 42. 
 Richardson, 363. 
 Sargent. Public Men and Events, i. 170- 
 
 174. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 482-488. 
 Sheldon, 287. 
 Thomas, 216. 
 Von Hoist, i. 470. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 43, 44. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 254. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Two Indian Wars 
 Black Hawk, 1832. 
 
 Osceola and the 
 Seminoles, 1835. 
 
 Removals from 
 Office 
 
 " To the victors be 
 long the spoils." 
 Daniel Marcy. 
 
 To give to every 
 change of parties, as 
 the national patronage 
 grows, the character 
 of a revolution is to 
 imperil the safety of 
 our institutions at a 
 vital point, and put 
 up the Republic at 
 sale." 
 
 "If you git me in 
 side the White House, 
 Your head with ile I ll 
 kinder nint, By gittin 
 you inside th e light 
 house, Down to the 
 end of Jaalem Pint." 
 Loivell. 
 
 f Bryant & Gay, iv. 295, 350-354. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 301, 302. 
 Higginson, 263, 264. 
 Johnston, 223, 224. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 732. 
 Montgomery, 244, Note, 245. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 87-100. 
 Patton, ii. 727, 728. 
 Richardson, 363, 364. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 246. 
 
 247. 3I9- 
 
 Schouler, iv. 319, 320. 
 Sheldon, 254, 287. 
 Thomas, 208, 209. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 298-310. 
 Wilson, Rise and fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i. 512,^527. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 406, 407. 
 
 Adams, Hist. U.S., i. 223-229. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, chap. 50. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 297, 298. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealth, ii. 125-132. 
 
 Eggleston, 266. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 308, 309. 
 
 Higginson, 265. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 543, 544. 
 
 Johnston, 225, 226. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 565-569. 
 
 Montgomery, 236, 237. 
 
 Patton, ii. 704. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 164, 
 
 165. 
 
 Schouler, iii. 453-462. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 196. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 146-148. 
 Thomas, 202, 203. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 23-27. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 30-35. 
 
Period of Critical Change 
 
 49 
 
 Nullification and 
 
 Calhoun 
 
 " In case of a plain, 
 palpable violation of 
 the Constitution, a 
 State may interpose, 
 and arrest, or nullify, 
 the law within her 
 own borders for her 
 own protection." 
 
 Calhoun . 
 
 The President s 
 Hostility to the 
 National Bank 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, 140-172. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 306-309. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation. 248-250. 
 
 Eggleston, 267, 269, 304. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 309-311. 
 
 Greeley, American Conflict, i. 93-100. 
 
 Higginson, 262, 263. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 542. 
 
 Johnston, Hist, of Am. Politics, 112, 113. 
 
 Johnston, 229, 230. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 1050-1055. 
 
 Montgomery, 240-243 . 
 
 Patton, ii. 707-709, 718, 719. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 40-50. 
 
 Richardson, 360-363. 
 
 Sargent, i. I75- J 77- 
 
 Schouler, iv. 38-41, 97-102. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 2-10. 
 
 Sheldon, 238-240. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 201. 
 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 207-212,217-221. 
 
 Thomas, 205, 206. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 465-492. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 47, 56-62. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 253, 254, 322. 
 
 Benton, i. 158, 159. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 300-302. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 307, 312, 313. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 544, 545. 
 
 Johnston, 226. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 209. 
 
 Montgomery, 239, 240. 
 
 Patton, ii. 707. 
 
 Richardson, 357. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 213- 
 
 215, 219-224. 
 Schouler, iv. 44-54. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 62-66. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 198, 199. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The President s 
 Hostility to the 
 
 (Continued) 
 
 The Compromise 
 Tariff of 1833 
 
 of 
 
 Hii. 31, 32, 37-45- 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 69-74, 79. 80. 
 winsor> ^ ^ ^ 
 
 f Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, i. 313-330. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 305. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 312. 
 Irving-Fiske, 542. 
 Johnston, 231 . 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 862, 863. 
 Patton, ii. 725, 726. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 189-192. 
 Schouler, iv. 102-106. 
 
 Henry Clay its Au- * 
 
 thor. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, i. 357-365. 
 
 Sheldon, 267. 
 
 Smith, Gold win, 201. 
 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 285-291. 
 
 Taussig, Tariff Hist, of the U.S., 109-111. 
 
 Thomas, 207. 
 
 Von Hoist, i. 491, 492, 497-499; ii., 177. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs of Am. History, 65-68. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 286, 287. 
 
 The first asylum for the blind in the United States opened, 1832. 
 
 Removal of the 
 Government 
 Funds from the 
 U.S. Bank 
 
 Second Administration of Andrew Jackson 1833-1837 
 
 Benton, i. 373-379- 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 301, 302. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 312. 
 Higginson, Larger Hist. U.S., 452. 
 Irving-Fiske, 545. 
 Johnston, 226. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 203, 209, 798, 799. 
 Montgomery, 239, 240. 
 Patton, ii. 726, 727. 
 Richardson, 357, 358. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, 258-261 
 276. 
 
Period of Critical Change 
 
 Removal of the 
 Government 
 Funds from the 
 U.S. Bank 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Introduction of the 
 Locomotive and 
 the Railway 
 System 
 
 Schouler, iv. 132-144. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 25-51. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 199. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 296-321. 
 Thomas, 206. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 51-66. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 80-82. 
 v Winsor, vii. 285. 
 
 Bryant, iv. 313, 314. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 302, 428-431. 
 
 Eggleston, 273-274. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 314-316. 
 
 Higginson, 260. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 542. 
 
 Johnston, 215, 216. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 494. 
 
 Montgomery, 231-233. 
 
 Richardson, 354-357. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 125-131 . 
 
 Sheldon, 251, 285. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 218. 
 
 Thomas, 209-213. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 102, 103. 
 
 The first railway in the United States at Quincy, Mass., 1826. 
 The first locomotive imported from England by the Delaware and 
 Hudson Canal Company, 1828. 
 
 Blaine, i. 21-25. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 316-318, 324-328. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 285-287. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 322, 323. 
 
 Garrison. Life of Garrison, i. 219-276. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 115-121, 130-142. 
 
 Higginson, 264-265. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 543. 
 
 Johnston, 223. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 4, 5. 
 
 Montgomery, 237-238. 
 (^ Patton, ii. 863, 864. 
 
 The Anti-Slavery 
 Movement 
 
 Organization of 
 the Am. Anti- 
 Slavery Society 
 
 Garrison and the 
 Liberator 
 
 " I will not equivo 
 cate, I will not excuse, 
 I will not retreat a 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Anti-Slavery 
 Movement 
 
 Organization of 
 the Am. Anti- 
 Slavery Society 
 
 Garrison and the 
 Liberator 
 
 (Continued} 
 
 single inch, and I will 
 be heard." 
 
 William Lloyd 
 
 Garrison. 
 
 Rise of American 
 Literature 
 
 Longfellow, Whit- 
 tier, Hawthorne, 
 Holmes, Bancroft, 
 Prescott, all began to 
 be noted during the 
 decade 1830-1840. 
 
 Independence of 
 Texas 
 
 Richardson, 413-417. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 53-54, 58-75- 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 294, 295. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 210-214, 219-229. 
 
 Sheldon, 243, 286. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 229-233. 
 
 Thomas, 217. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 80-125. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 121-123. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i. 176-185, 223-230, 248-263. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 287, 288. 
 
 Eggleston, 378-380. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 325. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 543. 
 
 Johnston, 222. 
 
 Montgomery, 245, 246. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1155. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 354-356. 
 
 Sheldon, 286. 
 
 Thomas, 215, 216. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 108-1 1 1 . 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, i. 655-660. 
 Elaine, i. 26. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 361-363. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 291-300. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 325. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 147. 
 Irving-Fiske, 547. 
 Johnston, 241, 242. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 921. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 255, 256. 
 Patton, ii. 742-748. 
 Richardson, 372-374. 
 Rhodes, i. 75, 76. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, i. 316- 
 318 ; ii. 62, 63. 
 
Period of Critical Change 
 
 f Schouler, iv. 247-254. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 352-357. 
 Thomas, 232. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 548-571. 
 Williams, Life of Sam Houston, 53-73, 184- 
 
 217. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 141, 142. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i. 587-590. 
 Winsor, vii. 505, 551. 
 
 Arkansas admitted, 1836. The twenty-fifth State. 
 Michigan admitted, 1837. The twenty-sixth State. 
 
 Independence of 
 Texas 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 French Spoliation 
 Claims 
 
 A contest for the 
 recognition of the rights 
 of citizens of the 
 United States. 
 
 France pays an in 
 demnity of twenty-five 
 million francs. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, i. 588-600. 
 Johnston, 224. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 946, 947. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Schouler, iv. 184, 239-244. 
 Sumner, Life of Jackson, 170, 171. 
 Thomas, 157. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 86. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 496, 497. 
 
 The McCormick Reaper patented, 1834. 
 
 Election of the 
 Eighth President 
 Martin Van 
 Buren 
 
 Richard M. John 
 son chosen Vice-Presi- 
 dent by vote of the 
 Senate. 
 
 The only occurrence 
 of such a choice in 
 U.S. history. 
 
 See twelfth Article 
 of Amendments. 
 
 Coffin. Building the Nation, 302. 
 
 Eggleston, 269. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 314. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 545. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 123-125. 
 
 Johnston, 231-233. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1061. 
 
 McMaster, iv. 
 
 Montgomery, 246. 
 
 Patton, ii. 730. 
 
 Richardson, 364, 367. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 10. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 274-276. 
 
 Sheldon, 287. 
 _ Shepard, Life of Van Buren, 238-241. 
 
54 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Election of the 
 Eighth President 
 Martin Van 
 Buren 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 205, 206. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 1 1 1 
 
 Thomas, 219, 220. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 147-159. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs of Am. History, 91, c 
 v Winsor, vii. 288, 289. 
 
 The Panic of 1837 
 
 The Independent or 
 Sub-Treasury 
 
 Administration of Martin Van Buren 1837-1841 
 
 / Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, ii. 9-12. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 312. 
 Coffin; Building the Nation, 302, 303. 
 Eggleston, 276. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 317, 318. 
 Irving-Fiske, 545. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 126. 
 Johnston, 234. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 192. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 247, 248. 
 Patton, ii. 73 1 -734- 
 Richardson, 367. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 10-15 
 Schouler, iv. 276-281. 
 Shepard, Life of Van Buren, 242-277. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 206. 
 Thomas, 220, 221. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 177, 178, 195-200. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 93. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 289. 
 
 ( Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, ii. 124, 125. 
 Bryant, iv. 312. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 318. 
 Irving-Fiske, 545. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 126-129. 
 Johnston, 235. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 493-496. 
 McMaster, iv. 
 Montgomery, 248, 249. 
 
Period of Critical Change 
 
 55 
 
 The Independent or 
 Sub-Treasury 
 
 (Continued} 
 
 Fatten, ii. 733. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 32-51. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 283-285, 324-326. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 136-144. 
 
 Shepard, Life of Van Buren, 282, 289, 295- 
 
 297. 
 
 Thomas, 222, 223. 
 Von Hoist, Life of Calhoun, 184-187. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 201-203, 211, 216-218. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 97, 98. 
 Winsor, vii. 289. 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, ii. 276-291. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 355, 356. 
 
 Johnston, 237. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 822. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 247-249. 
 
 McMaster, iv. 
 
 Montgomery, 248, Note. 
 
 Patton, ii. 738, 739. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 30-32. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 396-398. 
 
 Shepard, Life of Van Buren, 300-305. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 150. 
 
 Thomas, 223. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 494. 
 
 Friction matches begin to be used, 1838. 
 
 Charles Goodyear, of Connecticut, discovers the process of vulcan 
 izing India rubber, 1839. 
 
 Elaine, i. 21-25. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 330-339. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 308-313. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 323. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 126, 127, 130- 
 
 142, 145-147. 
 Higginson, 268. 
 Johnston, 236, 237. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 167-169. 
 Montgomery, 238, 239. 
 
 The Caroline 
 Affair 
 
 Slavery Riots and 
 the Right of 
 Petition 
 
 See First Amend 
 ment to the Constitu 
 tion. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Slavery Riots and 
 the Right of 
 Petition 
 
 ( Continued ) 
 
 " Let it be once un 
 derstood, that the sa 
 cred right of petition 
 and the cause of the 
 abolitionists must rise 
 or fall together, and the 
 consequences may be 
 fatal." 
 
 James Buchanan, 
 
 Morse, Life of John Q. Adams, 243-275. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 60, 61, 69-72. 
 
 Richardson, 414, 415. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 51-55, 
 
 59-61. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 299, 300, 307, 308, 423, 424. 
 Sheldon, 287. 
 Thomas, 223, 224. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 221, 222, 236-240, 245, 247, 
 
 272. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 114, 122. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i- 374-389 394-399 424-438- 
 Winsor, vii. 287, 288. 
 
 Election of the 
 Ninth and Tenth 
 Presidents 
 Wm. Henry 
 Harrison and 
 John Tyler as 
 Vice-President 
 
 Victory of the 
 Whigs; Democrats 
 yield the power they 
 have held for forty 
 years. 
 
 "No Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the U.S. ever 
 was or ever will be 
 voted for under the 
 expectation that he 
 will be anything more 
 than Vice- President." 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 356, 357, 359. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 304. 
 
 Eggleston, 276, 277. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 319. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 154. 
 
 Higginson, 269, 270. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 545. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 130-132. 
 
 Johnston, 238, 239. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 57; iii. 1104, 1105. 
 
 Montgomery, 251, 252. 
 
 Patton, ii. 734. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 78. 
 
 Richardson, 368, 369. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 93-96, 
 105, 106, 107-111, 120-122. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 335-341, 359-366. 
 
 Sheldon, 288. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 207-209. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 123-140. 
 
 Thomas, 224, 225. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 133, 134. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, i. 42 1 . 
 v Winsor, vii. 289, 290. 
 
Period of Critical Change. 
 
 57 
 
 1829 
 1830 
 
 1832 
 1833 
 
 1834 
 1835 
 1836 
 
 1837 
 
 1838 
 1840 
 
 1841 
 
 Summary of the Period of Critical Change 1829-1843 
 
 < Inauguration of Andrew Jackson. 
 \ The Kitchen Cabinet. 
 
 ( Removals from Office. 
 \ Webster-Hayne Debate. 
 
 f The Black Hawk War. 
 2 Nullification and Calhoun. 
 Q First Asylum for the Blind. 
 
 American Anti-Slavery Society Organized. 
 The Compromise TarifF. 
 Beginning of Jackson s Second Term. 
 The President s Hostility to the National 
 
 Bank. 
 Removal of the Government Funds from the 
 
 United States Bank. 
 First American Locomotive. 
 
 McCormick s Reaping-Machine . 
 Osceola and the Seminoles. 
 
 Election of Martin Van Buren. 
 Arkansas Admitted. 
 
 Michigan Admitted. 
 
 Inauguration of Martin Van Buren. 
 
 Independence of Texas. 
 
 Rise of American Literature. 
 
 French Spoliation Claims. 
 
 The Panic of 1837. 
 
 The Independent or Sub-Treasury. 
 k The Caroline Affair. 
 
 Slavery Riots and the Right of Petition. 
 
 Election of Wm. Henry Harrison and John 
 Tyler. 
 
 Inauguration of President Harrison. 
 
 Death of Harrison and Succession of Tyler. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Tariff of 1842 
 
 A return to moder 
 ate protective duties. 
 
 PERIOD OF SLAVERY AGITATION 1842-1856 
 
 Administrations of Wm. Henry Harrison and John Tyler 1841-1845 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, ii. 417. 
 
 Elaine, i. 192-195. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 135, 136. 
 
 Johnston, 240. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, in. 863. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 171 
 176, 177, 184-188. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 406-410. 
 
 Sheldon, 288. 
 
 Taussig, Tariff History of U.S., 112-114. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 451-454, 463. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 140. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 290, 355. 
 
 ( Benton, ii. 581, 599-619. 
 Elaine, i. 28-40. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 362-364, 367-369. 
 Draper, Hist, of Civil War, i. 394, 443. 
 Eggleston, 278. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 325-327. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 156-174. 
 Higginson, 271, 272. 
 Irving-Fiske, 547, 548. 
 Johnston, 242. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 96, 97; iii. 921. 
 Montgomery, 255, 256. 
 Patton, ii. 747-749. 
 Rhodes, i. 76-86. 
 Richardson, 373-375- 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 201 
 
 222, 259-263. 
 Schouler, iv. 440-442, 449-459. 
 
 Annexation of 
 Texas 
 
 " Annexation meant 
 sectional, and not na 
 tional advantage in 
 this age." 
 
 Schouler . 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 59 
 
 Annexation of 
 Texas 
 
 {Continued} 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 209, 210. 
 
 Thomas, 233. 
 
 Von Hoist, ii. 612-614, 625-628, 634-640, 
 
 643, 644, 657-680, 709-712. 
 Williams, Life of Sam Houston, 289-295. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 141-147. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i. 587-620. 
 Winsor, vii. 291, 506. 
 
 The Webster- 
 Ashburton 
 Treaty 
 
 Settled the question 
 of the north boundary 
 as far west as the 
 Rocky Mountains. 
 
 The U. S. gained 
 seven-twelfths of the 
 territory in dispute in 
 northern Maine. 
 
 "Contained the only 
 agreement, since the 
 Treaty of Jay, made 
 with any power for the 
 surrender of persons 
 charged with the com 
 mission of crimes." 
 J. C. Bancroft Davis. 
 
 See Art. " Extradi 
 tion," Lalor, Cyclopae 
 dia, Vol. ii. 
 
 Dorr s Rebellion 
 
 "Of all the United 
 States, Rhode Island, 
 the last and most re 
 luctant of the old thir 
 teen to enter the 
 
 Administration of John Tyler 1841-1845 
 
 Benton, ii. 420-452. 
 
 Elaine, i. 26, 49. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 365, 366. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 321. 
 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 432- 
 
 43?. 
 
 Higginson, 270. 
 Johnston, 241. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 947. 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 252-260. 
 Montgomery, 253. 
 Patton, ii. 740-742. 
 Rhodes, i. 78. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 163, 
 
 164. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 398-404. 
 Sheldon, 288. 
 Thomas, 226, 227. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 140, 141. 
 Winsor, vii. 179, 292, 493, 525, 554. 
 
 Bryant and Gay, iv. 366, 367. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 320. 
 Higginson, 270. 
 Johnston, 244, 245. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 835. 
 Montgomery, 253. 
 
6o 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Dorr s Rebellion 
 
 (Continued ) 
 
 Union, was the latest 
 to preserve a royal 
 charter as the basis of 
 fundamental law." 
 
 The Mormons 
 
 Fatten, 11. 740, 750. 
 , , . /H ^ /; > 
 Schouler, iv. 462, 463. 
 
 Thomas, 227, 228. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 161. 
 Winsor vii . 355 . 
 
 f Bryant & Gay, iv. 427, 428. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 440-449. 
 
 Eggleston, 367. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S , 321. 
 
 Higginson, 270. 
 
 Johnston, 237. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 910-912. 
 
 Montgomery, 249, 250. 
 
 Patton, ii. 837-839. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 312, 546-549. 
 
 Sheldon, 288. 
 k Thomas, 230, 231. 
 
 ( Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, ii. 578. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 315. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 433, 434. 
 
 Eggleston, 274. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 326. 
 
 Higginson, 273. 
 
 Johnston, 243, 244. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 890, 891. 
 
 Montgomery, 254, 255. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1032. 
 
 Richardson, 369-371. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 192- 
 194, 231-232. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 469, 470. 
 
 Sheldon, 252, 253. 
 
 Thomas, 229, 230. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 162. 
 
 Florida admitted, 1845. 
 
 Ether first used as an anaesthetic by Dr. Charles T. Jackson, of 
 Boston, about 1840. 
 
 The First Electric 
 
 Telegraph 
 Samuel F. B. 
 
 Morse 
 
 "What hath God 
 wrought ? " 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 61 
 
 Election of the 
 Eleventh 
 President 
 James K. Polk 
 George M. Dallas 
 Vice-President 
 
 The most closely 
 contested election to 
 this period of U.S. 
 History, except that 
 of 1800. 
 
 The first " dark 
 horse." 
 
 The question of 
 Texas Annexation was 
 practically the ques 
 tion of the Campaign. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 368. 
 
 Eggleston, 277, 278. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 326. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 164-168. 
 
 Higginson, 273. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 547, 548. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 138, 139. 
 
 Johnston, 245, 246. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 57; i i. 278. 
 
 Montgomery, 256. 
 
 Patton, ii. 751. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 82, 83. 
 
 Richardson, 375. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 232- 
 
 269. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 471-480, 495-500. 
 Sheldon, 288. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 210, 211. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 140-160. 
 Thomas, 234. 
 Von Hoist, ii. 694-701. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 145-147. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 i. 603-605. 
 Winsor, vii. 291. 
 
 Administration of James K. Polk 1845-1849 
 
 The Oregon Boun 
 dary Dispute 
 
 " Fifty-four-Forty, 
 or Fight," though the 
 Forty - ninth parallel 
 was afterward ac 
 ceded to. 
 
 For full text of 
 treaty, see Haswell, 
 " Treaties and Con 
 ventions," 438, 439. 
 
 Elaine, i. 48-56. 
 
 Bryant and Gay, iv. 366. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 363-386. 
 
 Eggleston, 286, 287. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 321, 322. 
 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 438 
 
 439- 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 546. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 144. 
 Johnston, 250, 251. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 1045-1047. 
 v Montgomery, 256-258. 
 
62 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Oregon Boun 
 dary Dispute 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Patton, ii. 753-756. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 86. 
 
 Richardson, 396. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 269- 
 282. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 504-514. 
 
 Sheldon, 256-260. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 174. 
 
 Thomas, 242-244. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 29-60. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 147, 148. 
 v Winsor, vii. 510, 511, 559-562. 
 
 Texas admitted, 1845. 
 
 Elias Howe, of Massachusetts, first receives a patent for the sewing- 
 machine, 1846. 
 
 Elaine, i, 62-64. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 369. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 314, 317. 
 
 Eggleston, 279. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 326, 327. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 186, 187. 
 
 Higginson, 274. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 548. 
 
 Jay, Hist. Mexican War, 147-150. 
 
 Johnston, 251 . 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 921. 
 
 Montgomery, 259. 
 
 Patton, ii. 752, 753. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 87, 88. 
 
 Richardson, 373-376. 
 
 Sargent, ii. 270, 291. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 523-526. 
 
 Sheldon, 268. 
 
 Thomas, 237. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 83-92. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 149, 150. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii, 7-17. 
 Winsor, vii. 408, 440-443. 
 
 The Texan Boun 
 dary Dispute 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 Iowa admitted, 1846. 
 
 The Mexican War 
 in General 
 
 Of the volunteers 
 who enrolled for this 
 war, nearly two-thirds 
 came from south of 
 Mason and Dixon s 
 line; but accident and 
 opportunity gave the 
 chief military renown 
 of the war to the 
 Whigs." 
 
 Schouler. 
 
 f Elaine, i. 62-65. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 369. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 314-318. 
 Comte de Paris, Hist, of the Civil War, 
 
 i. 30-58. 
 
 Draper, Hist, of Civil War, i. 395-399. 
 Eggleston, 279, 286. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 327. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 186, 187. 
 Higginson, 274. 
 Johnston, 251 . 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1090, 1091. 
 Montgomery, 259. 
 Patton, ii. 751-753. 
 Rhodes, i. 87, 88, 92, 93. 
 Richardson, 375, 376. 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 291- 
 
 301. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 521-526, 535-538. 
 Sheldon, 268. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 211, 212. 
 Thomas, 237, 238. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 207-215, 230-237. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 149-152. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 7- 
 
 f3- 
 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 408, 409. 
 
 The War in Detail 
 
 Taylor s 
 Campaign in 
 the North 
 
 Whittier s " Angels 
 of Buena Vista." 
 
 f Bryant & Gay, iv. 369-372, 374, 375. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 318-331. 
 
 Eggleston, 279, 280. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 327. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 187. 
 
 Higginson, 274, 275. 
 
 Johnston, 251, 252, 254, 255. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1091. 
 
 Montgomery, 259, 260. 
 ^ Patton, ii. 756-789. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The War in Detail 
 
 Taylor s 
 Campaign in 
 the North 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Fremont s 
 Campaign in 
 California 
 
 Kearney s 
 Campaign 
 New Mexico 
 
 in 
 
 Richardson, 376-380, 387, 388. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 301- 
 
 304, 325, 326. 
 Sheldon, 272. 
 Schouler, v. 14-38. 
 Thomas, 238. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 234-238, 256, 330, 331. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 150, 151. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 408, 409. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 373. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 355-358. 
 
 Eggleston, 283, 284. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 327. 
 
 Higginson, 277. 
 
 Johnston, 253. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 98. 
 
 Montgomery, 260. 
 
 Patton, ii. 793-796. 
 
 Richardson, 385, 386. 
 
 Royce, Hist, of California, 48-150. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 298, 
 299. 
 
 Sheldon, 270, 271. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 530-535. 
 
 Thomas, 240. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 224-230. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 152. 
 k Winsor, vii. 410, 445. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 372. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 349. 
 
 Eggleston, 283. 
 
 Higginson, 277. 
 
 Johnston, 253. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 98. 
 
 Patton, ii. 796-798. 
 
 Richardson, 380-385. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 298. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 528. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 Kearney s 
 Campaign in 
 New Mexico 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Scott s Campaign 
 in Central 
 Mexico 
 
 The Wilmot 
 Proviso 
 
 "What shall be 
 done with newly ac 
 quired territory? is the 
 question that opens 
 this the second volume 
 of the history of the 
 Union under the Con 
 stitution." 
 
 Sheldon, 268, 269. 
 
 Thomas, 238, 239. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 258-262. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 152. 
 
 Winsor, vii. 409, 410. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 376-385. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 332-350. 
 
 Eggleston, 284, 285. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 327, 328. 
 
 Higginson, 275-277. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 549. 
 
 Johnston, 256-259. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1092. 
 
 Patton, ii. 804-822. 
 
 Richardson, 389-396. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 326- 
 
 33- 
 
 Sheldon, 273-275. 
 Schouler, v. 42-61. 
 Thomas, 240. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 331-333. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 151, 152. 
 Winsor, vii. 411, 412. 
 
 Elaine, i. 66-68. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 385, 386. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 391, 392. 
 
 Draper, Hist, of Civil War, i. 400. 
 
 Eggleston, 293. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 328. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, 189. 
 
 Higginson, 279. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 549, 550. 
 
 Johnston, 260. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1114. 
 
 Montgomery, 262, Note v. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 268. 
 
 Patton, ii. 827. 
 
 Rhodes, {.90. 
 
66 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Wilmot 
 Proviso 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Treaty of 
 Guadalupe 
 Hidalgo July 
 4, 1848 The 
 $15,000,000 
 Indemnity 
 
 For full text of 
 Treaty, see HaswelPs 
 Treaties and Conven 
 tions, 681-692. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 309, 
 
 310. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 543, 544. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 285. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 213. 
 Thomas, 246. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 305-308. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 152-154. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii. 16, 17, 24. 
 Winsor, vii. 292, 293. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 387. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 350. 
 
 Eggleston, 286. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 328. 
 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 68 1- 
 
 692. 
 
 Higginson, 277. 
 Irving-Fiske, 549. 
 Johnston, 259. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 98 ; iii. 947. 
 Patton, ii. 823. 
 Rhodes, i. 92, 93. 
 Richardson, 396. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 329. 
 Sheldon, 275. 
 Schouler, v. 84, 87, 88. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 300. 
 Thomas, 241, 242. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 344, 345. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 152, 153. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii. 25. 
 Winsor, vii. 506, 553. 
 
 Tariff of 1846 f Elaine, i. 195. 
 
 J Johnston, 249. 
 
 Protection entirely j Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 865. 
 excluded from this act. Patton, ii. 827. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 Tariff of 1846 
 
 ( Continued") 
 
 Sargent, Public i\len and Events, ii. 285, 
 
 286. 
 
 Schouler, iv. 515-517. 
 Taussig, History of U.S. Tariffs, 114, 156. 
 Thomas, 244. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 278-280. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 154. 
 Winsor, vii. 293. 
 
 The Discovery of 
 Gold, 1848 and 
 the Emigration 
 to California 
 
 " That splendid and 
 startling discovery was 
 made in fact before 
 the actual conclusion 
 of a treaty with Mex 
 ico." 
 
 Schouler. 
 
 The Buffalo Con 
 vention and the 
 Anti-Slavery 
 Revolt 
 
 Formation of 
 Free-Soil Party. 
 
 the 
 
 Elaine, i. 88. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 387, 388. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 359-362. 
 Eggleston, 284, 294. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 328, 329. 
 Higginson, 278. 
 Irving-Fiske, 550. 
 Johnston, 261, 262. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 329, 330. 
 Montgomery, 263-265. 
 Patton, ii. 825, 826. 
 Rhodes, i. in. 
 Richardson, 398, 401. 
 Royce, Hist, of California, 220-246. 
 Schouler, v. 133-141. 
 Sheldon, 276, 278. 
 Thomas, 244, 245. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 404-407. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 162. 
 
 Wisconsin admitted, 1848. 
 
 Elaine, i. 81, 82. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 386. 
 Eggleston, 293. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 330. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 191, 192. 
 Higginson, 279, 280. 
 Irving-Fiske, 550. 
 Johnston, 261. 
 ^ Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 287, 288. 
 
68 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Buffalo Con 
 vention and the 
 Anti-Slavery 
 Revolt 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Patton, ii. 827, 828. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 97. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 335. 
 
 Schouler, v. 103-106. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 309-314. 
 
 Smith, Gold win, 214. 
 
 Thomas, 247. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 397-400. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 158, 159. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii. 150-160. 
 k Winsor, vii. 293. 
 
 Election of the 
 Twelfth and 
 Thirteenth 
 Presidents 
 Zachary Taylor 
 and 
 Millard Fillmore 
 
 f Elaine, i. 81-83. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 386. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 392, 393. 
 
 Eggleston, 293. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 329, 330. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 191-193. 
 
 Higginson, 280. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 550. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 147, 148. 
 
 Johnston, 261. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 58. 
 
 Montgomery, 265. 
 
 Patton, ii. 827-829. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 97. 
 
 Richardson, 397. 
 
 Schouler, v. 100-114. 
 
 Sheldon, 289. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 212, 213. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 161-177. 
 
 Thomas, 246, 247. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 402, 403. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 157, 158. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii. 129-139. 
 k Winsor, vii. 293. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 Administration of Zachary Taylor 1849-1850 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years 1 View, ii. 742. 
 
 Elaine, i. 91, 94, 95, 96, 97. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 391-394. 
 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealths, ii. 12, 13. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 387-398. 
 
 Eggleston, 295. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 337, 338. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 203-208. 
 
 Higginson, 280. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 551 . 
 
 Johnston, 266. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 552, 553. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 300. 
 
 Montgomery, 266, 267. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 89-93. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 326-329. 
 
 Patton, ii. 834, 835, 837. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 122-135, I 7 2 > J 73, 181-183. 
 
 Richardson, 409. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 357 
 
 369- 
 
 Schouler, v. 162-166, 178-182, 198-201. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 315-372. 
 Sheldon, 292. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 213, 214. 
 Thomas, 249. 
 
 Von Hoist, iii. 484, 485, 523-526. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 169-174. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 
 ii. 233-241, 273, 282, 283. 
 ^ Winsor, vii. 255. 
 
 California admitted, 1850. 
 
 Webster s /- Blaine, i. 92-94. 
 
 Seventh of ) Bryant & Gay, iv. 392, 393. 
 
 March Speech (Coffin, Building the Nation, 395. 
 
 The Compromise 
 of 1850 or the 
 4 * Omnibus 
 Bill" 
 
 Not adopted as a 
 whole, yet all its pro 
 visions were adopted 
 separately. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Webster s 
 Seventh of 
 March Speech 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 See Whittier s Icha- 
 bod. 
 
 "Great wrong has 
 been done him in at 
 tributing it solely to 
 the conscious object 
 of getting himself in 
 stalled in the White 
 House." 
 
 Von Hoist. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 205, 206. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1098. 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 301-332. 
 Montgomery, 267. 
 Rhodes, i. 142-158. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 362. 
 Schouler, v. 167-170. 
 Sheldon, 294. 
 Thomas, 249, 250. 
 Von Hoist, iii. 497-507. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 170. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 ii. 242-246. 
 
 The Fugitive 
 Slave Law 
 
 Benton, Thirty Years View, ii. 773-7 8 - 
 Elaine, i. 96. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 395, 396. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 394, 399 4 6 - 
 Eggleston, 294, 295. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 210-219. 
 Higginson, 281. 
 Irving-Fiske, 551. 
 Johnston, 267. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 316, 317. 
 Montgomery, 268. 
 Patton, ii. 837. 
 Rhodes, i. 185-189. 
 Richardson, 417-420. 
 Schouler, v. 199, 204-208. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 369-372. 
 Sheldon, 291-298. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 214. 
 Thomas, 249, 250. 
 Von Hoist, iv. 15-22. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 174-178. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 
 " 352-359- 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 An International 
 Question 
 
 Correspondence of 
 Webster and Hiilse 
 mann. 
 
 Administration of Millard Fillmore 1850-1853 
 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 333-336. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 205, 206. 
 
 Schouler, v. 236, 237. 
 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 391, 392. 
 ^ Von Hoist, iv. 65-75. 
 
 Perry s Japan 
 Expedition 
 
 The Filibuster 
 Expedition 
 against Cuba 
 
 Deaths of Clay and 
 
 Webster 
 Their Characters 
 
 Clay 
 
 The Southern Whig 
 The Great Com 
 promiser 
 
 The Champion of 
 Protection 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 402. 
 
 Has well, Treaties and Conventions, Text 
 of Treaty, 597-599- 
 
 Johnston, 273. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 632. 
 j Montgomery, 271. 
 j Patton, ii. 845. 
 
 Rhodes, ii. 8, Note. 
 
 Schouler, v. 255, 314. 
 ^ Thomas, 255. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 340. 
 
 Johnston, 273. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 184. 
 
 Patton, ii. 840, 841. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 216-222. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 380 
 
 381. 
 
 Schouler, v. 215-218. 
 Thomas, 259. 
 ^ Von Hoist, iv. 45-63. 
 
 Elaine, i. 106-108. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 339. 
 
 Johnston, 267. 
 
 Lodge, Life of Webster, 343-356 
 
 Montgomery, 269. 
 
 Patton, ii. 841, 842. 
 
 Rhodes, i. 261, 285-289. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Deaths of Clay 
 and Webster 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 The most popular of 
 
 all Americans 
 Webster 
 
 The Northern Whig 
 
 The Defender of 
 the Constitution 
 
 The Ardent Advo 
 cate of the Union 
 
 Election of the 
 
 Fourteenth 
 
 President 
 
 Franklin Pierce 
 Death of the Whig 
 
 Party 
 
 " A second instance 
 of a dark horse. " 
 Fiske. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, ii. 384, 
 
 385, 391, 392, 393. 
 Schouler, v. 245, 246. 
 Schurz, Life of Clay, ii. 405-414. 
 Thomas, 250, 253. 
 Von Hoist, iv. 203-205. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 179. 
 
 " Uncle Tom s 
 Cabin " 
 
 Elaine, i. 102-105. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 402, 403. 
 Eggleston, 295. 
 Greeley, i. 222-224. 
 Higginson, 282. 
 Irving-Fiske, 552. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 156. 
 Johnston, 269. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 58; iii. 1107. 
 Montgomery, 269, 270. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 332. 
 Patton, ii. 842, 843. 
 Richardson, 402, 403. 
 Rhodes, i. 247-260, 277, 285. 
 Schouler, v. 239-242, 249, 250. 
 Sheldon, 371. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 178-191. 
 Thomas, 254. 
 
 Von Hoist, iv. 154-164, 167-172, 225-231. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 178, 179. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 360-377. 
 
 ( Coffin, Building the Nation, 397, 398. 
 I Draper, History of Civil War, i. 420. 
 < Eggleston, 296. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 339, 340. 
 I Irving-Fiske, 551. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 73 
 
 " Uncle Tom s 
 Cabin" 
 
 {Continued} 
 
 Case of Anthony 
 Burns 
 
 " Rendition of An 
 thony Burns." 
 
 John G. Whittier. 
 
 Montgomery, 268, 269. 
 Rhodes, i. 278-285. 
 Schouler, v. 247. 
 Von Hoist, iv. 237-243. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 181. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 519. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 400. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 401, 402. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 215, 220, Note. 
 Higginson, 281. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 316. 
 Rhodes, i. 500-506. 
 Richardson, 418. 
 Schouler, v. 294-296. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 233. 
 Von Hoist, v. 61-63. 
 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, 435- 
 441. 
 
 Administration of Franklin Pierce 1853-1857 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska 
 Bill 
 
 Repeal of Missouri 
 Compromise. Squat 
 ter or Popular Sov 
 ereignty. 
 
 "In its ultimate 
 and unexpected conse 
 quences, one of the 
 most far-reaching leg 
 islative acts in Amer 
 ican History." 
 
 Johnston. 
 
 "That Congress 
 shall neither legislate 
 slavery into any terri 
 tory or State, nor out 
 of the same; but the 
 
 Elaine, i. 111-117. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 405-408. 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 495. 
 Eggleston, 298, 299. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 340-342. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 228-235. 
 Higginson, 282. 
 Irving-Fiske, 552, 553. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 159. 
 Johnston, 274, 275. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 667-670. 
 Montgomery, 271, 272. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 337-351 
 Patton, ii. 846, 847. 
 Rhodes, i. 439-459, 475, 480-489. 
 Richardson, 419, 420. 
 ^ Schouler, v. 280-284, 285-289. 
 
74 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska 
 Bill 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 people shall be left 
 free to regulate their 
 domestic concerns in 
 their own way, sub 
 ject only to the Con 
 stitution of the United 
 States." Rhodes. 
 
 Rise of the 
 " Know- 
 Nothing" 
 or American 
 Party 
 
 The Gadsden 
 Purchase 
 
 Price $10,000,000. 
 
 / Sheldon, 299, 300. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 234. 
 
 Spring, Am. Commonwealths, Kansas, 1-16. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 192. 
 Thomas, 256. 
 Von Hoist, iv. 290-324. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 182-185. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 378-405. 
 
 Elaine, i. 117. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 416, 417. 
 
 Eggleston, 298. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 344, 350. 
 
 Higginson, 285. 
 
 Johnston, 274. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 85-89. 
 
 Montgomery, 270, Note i. 
 
 Patton, ii. 850. 
 
 Rhodes, ii. 50-57, 89-92. 
 
 Sargent, Public Men and Events, 228-231. 
 
 Schouler, v. 304-308. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 215-217, 237. 
 
 Thomas, 257. 
 
 Von Hoist, v. 79-89, 91-96, 123-130. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 180, 187, 
 
 190, 193. 
 ^ Wilson, ii. 419-434. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 340. 
 Higginson, 284. 
 Johnston, 259. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 98. 
 Montgomery, 270, Note. 
 Patton, ii. 844. 
 Rhodes, ii. 7. 
 Schouler, v. 296. 
 Sheldon, 371. 
 Thomas, 241, Note. 
 ^ Von Hoist, v. 6-9. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 75 
 
 Gadsden Purchase 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 The Ostend 
 Manifesto 
 
 The Struggle 
 for Kansas 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 189. 
 Winsor, vii. 553. 
 
 Eggleston, 300, Note. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 340. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 273-276. 
 Johnston, 273. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 36. 
 Rhodes, ii. 38-44. 
 Schouler, v. 312-315. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 215. 
 Thomas, 259, 260. 
 Von Hoist, v. 36-50. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 189, 190. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 611-614. 
 
 Elaine, i. 1 19-122. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 408-416. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 407-414. 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 414-417. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 343. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 235-241, 243-245. 
 Higginson, 282-284. 
 Irving-Fiske, 554. 
 Johnston, 276, 277. 
 Lalor. Cyclopaedia, ii. 665, 666. 
 Montgomery, 272, 273. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 393-407. 
 Patton, ii. 847, 848. 
 Rhodes, ii. 78-87, 98-103. 
 Richardson, 421-425. 
 Schouler, v. 320-333. 
 Sheldon, 299-303. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 235, 236. 
 Spring, Am. Commonwealths, Kansas, 23-62. 
 Thomas, 260-263. 
 Von Hoist, v. 145-185. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 185, 186. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 462-474. 
 
76 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Rise of the 
 Republican 
 Party 
 
 Formed on the prin 
 ciple of no further 
 extension of slavery. 
 
 The Assault on 
 Charles Sumner 
 
 Elaine, i. 1 18, 126, 127. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 421. 
 Bryce, Am. Commonwealths, ii. 14. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 414. 
 Eggleston, 299. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 342, 343. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 246, 247. 
 Higginson, 279-285. 
 Irving-Fiske, 553, 554. 
 Johnston, 275, 276. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 597, 598. 
 Montgomery, 273, Note ii. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 23-25. 
 Patton, ii. 856. 
 Rhodes, i. 490 ; ii. 45-49. 
 Richardson, 426. 
 Schouler, v. 303, 304, 349, 350. 
 Sheldon, 300, 371. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 214, 215. 
 Thomas, 263. 
 Von Hoist, v. 130-133. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 188. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii, 
 
 406-418. 
 Winsor, vii. 288. 
 
 Blaine, i. 129. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 419-421. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 414. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 343, 344. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 229-300. 
 
 Grimke, Life of Sumner, 278-285, 291. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 544. 
 
 Johnston, 277, 278. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 310; iii. 833. 
 
 Montgomery, 274. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 41-57. 
 
 Rhodes, ii. 139-150. 
 
 Richardson, 420. 
 
 Schouler, v. 343, 344. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 
 
 77 
 
 The Assault on 
 Charles Sumner 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Election of the 
 Fifteenth 
 President 
 James Buchanan 
 
 { Sheldon, 371. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 236. 
 Thomas, 263. 
 Von Hoist, v. 314-328. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 478-495. 
 
 f Elaine, i. 123-130. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 421-424. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 414. 
 Eggleston, 300. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 344, 345. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 245-248. 
 Higginson, 285, 286. 
 Irving-Fiske, 554. 
 
 Johnston, History Am. Politics, 166-169. 
 Johnston, 278. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 310-311 ; ii. 58. 
 Montgomery, 275. 
 Rhodes, ii. 171-186, 221-229, 235. 
 Richardson, 426. 
 Schouler, v. 351-357. 
 Sheldon, 371. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 237. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 192-213. 
 Thomas, 264. 
 
 Von Hoist, v. 436, 455-467. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 190-193. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 508-522. 
 
 1842 
 1844 
 
 Summary of Period of Slavery Agitation 1842-1856 
 
 ( The New Tariff Act. 
 
 ] The Webster-Ashburton Treaty. 
 
 j Dorr s Rebellion. 
 
 ( The Mormons. 
 
 C The first Electric Telegraph. 
 \ Election of James K. Polk. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 1846 
 
 1847 
 
 1848 
 
 1849 
 1850 
 
 1852 
 
 Florida Admitted. 
 
 Inauguration of President Polk. 
 
 Texas Annexed to the United States. 
 
 Texas Admitted. 
 
 The Oregon Boundary Dispute. 
 
 The first Sewing-Machine. 
 
 The Texas Boundary Dispute. 
 
 Iowa Admitted. 
 
 The New Tariff Act. 
 
 The Mexican War in General. 
 
 Taylor s Campaign in North Mexico. 
 
 Fremont s California Campaign. 
 
 Kearney s Campaign in New Mexico. 
 
 The Wilmot Proviso. 
 
 Scott s Campaign in Central Mexico. 
 
 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 
 Discovery of Gold and the Emigration to 
 
 California. 
 
 Wisconsin Admitted. 
 The Buffalo Convention. 
 Formation of the Free-Soil Party. 
 Election of Zachary Taylor and Millard 
 
 Fillmore. 
 
 Inauguration of President Taylor. 
 
 Compromise of 1850. 
 
 Death of Taylor and Succession of Fill- 
 more. 
 
 California Admitted. 
 Webster s Seventh of March Speech. 
 Passage of the Fugitive Slave Law. 
 
 J Election of Franklin Pierce. 
 I Deaths of Clay and Webster. 
 
 ( Inauguration of President Pierce. 
 
 Correspondence of Webster and Hiilse- 
 < mann. 
 
 Perry s Japan Expedition. 
 (^ Filibuster Expedition against Cuba. 
 
Period of Slavery Agitation 79 
 
 "Uncle Tom s Cabin. 11 
 
 Case of Anthony Burns. 
 
 Rise of the Knovv-Nothing Party. 
 
 The Gadsden Purchase. 
 
 The Ostend Manifesto. 
 
 1855 The Struggle for Kansas. 
 
 ( Election of James Buchanan. 
 
 1856 ) Rise of the Republican Party. 
 ( Assault on Charles Sumner. 
 
8o 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 PERIOD OF SECESSION AND CIVIL WAR 1856-1865 
 
 Administration of James Buchanan 1857-1861 
 
 Elaine, i. 120, 121, 139-144. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 410-415. 
 
 Draper, Hist, of Civil War, i. 415, 416. 
 
 Eggleston, 300. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 347. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, 240-245, 249, 250. 
 
 Johnston, 277. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 665, 666. 
 
 Montgomery, 273, 274. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, i. 425-437 
 
 ii. 90-118. 
 
 Patton, ii. 851, 852. 
 Rhodes, ii. 107, 150-168, 277-280, 291- 
 
 293, 297. 
 
 Richardson, 421-425. 
 Schouler, v. 330-333, 344-348, 3 8l ~386. 
 Sheldon, 301-303. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 236. 
 Spring, Am. Commonwealths, Kansas, 130- 
 
 136, 210-236. 
 
 Von Hoist, v. 168; vi. 65-70, 80-94. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 186, 199, 
 
 200. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 
 469-477, 534-547- 
 
 Kansas 
 The Topeka 
 and Lecompton 
 Constitutions 
 
 The Dred Scott 
 Decision 
 
 "It declared the 
 slave a thing with 
 out rights, the Mis- 
 
 Blaine, i. 130-135. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 347, 424, 425. 
 
 Draper, Hist, of Civil War, i. 336, 407, 
 
 408. 
 
 Eggleston, 301. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 346. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 81 
 
 The Dred Scott 
 Decision 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 souri Compromise un 
 constitutional and 
 void, and slave prop 
 erty carriable any 
 where. It was the 
 last attempt to settle 
 the slave question by 
 law." 
 
 Personal Liberty 
 and Homestead 
 Laws 
 
 Tariff and 
 
 Financial Panic 
 of 1857 
 
 ( Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 251-264. 
 Higginson, 286. 
 Irving-Fiske, 254, 255. 
 Johnston, 288. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 838-841. 
 Montgomery, 275, 276. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 58-80. 
 Patton, ii. 856. 
 Rhodes, ii. 250-271. 
 Schouler, v. 377-381. 
 Sheldon, 372. 
 
 Smith, Goldwin, 234, 235. 
 Thomas, 264, 265. 
 Von Hoist, vi. 25-46. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 197-199. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 524-533- 
 
 ( Coffin, Building the Nation, 424. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 340. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 177, 179. 
 Nicolay Hay, Life of Lincoln, iii. 17-34. 
 Patton, ii. 871. 
 Rhodes, ii. 73, 74, 352-354. 
 Schouler, v. 318-320. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 233. 
 Thomas, 251. 
 Von Hoist, v. 66-70. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 208. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 639, 640, 670. 
 
 Elaine, i. 196-199. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 168. 
 
 Johnston, 280. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 864, 865 . 
 
 Montgomery, 276, 277. 
 
 Rhodes, ii. 281. 
 
 Schouler, v. 363, 364, 386-389. 
 
 Taussig, Tariff History, 115, 116, 157. 
 
82 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Tariff and Financial (Thomas, 266. 
 
 Panic of 1857 J Von Hoist, vi. 99, 100, 116-120, 124, 125. 
 (Continued) C Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 196, 197. 
 
 ( Bryant, iv. 427, 428. 
 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 446-449. 
 
 Johnston, 281. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1044-1046. 
 
 Montgomery, 250. 
 
 Schouler, v. 403-406. 
 
 Sheldon, 372. 
 
 Thomas, 266. 
 ^ Von Hoist, vi. 129-144. 
 
 The Mormon 
 Rebellion 
 
 The Lincoln- 
 Douglass 
 Debates 
 
 "They marked an 
 era; their influence 
 and effect were co 
 extensive with the Re 
 public." Blaine. 
 
 f Blaine, i. 144-149. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 347-349. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 301, 302. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 770. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 111-160. 
 Nicolay Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 135-155. 
 Rhodes, ii. 313-338. 
 Richardson, 420. 
 Schouler, v. 410-414. 
 Von Hoist, vi. 286-296. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 201, 202. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, i. 
 566-577. 
 
 Minnesota admitted, 1858. 
 
 Blaine, i. 154-156. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 429-43 1 . 
 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 525-527. 
 
 Eggleston, 301. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 349, 350. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 288-299. 
 
 Higginson, 286-289. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 556. 
 
 Johnston, 289. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 310. 
 
 Montgomery, 278, 279. 
 
 John Brown s 
 Raid 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 John Brown s 
 Raid 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Split in the 
 Democratic 
 Party and the 
 Charleston 
 Convention 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii . 1 90-2 1 3 
 Patton, ii. 852-854. 
 Pollard, Lost Cause, 70-74. 
 Rhodes, ii. 383-416. 
 Richardson, 426-431. 
 Schouler, v. 437-444. 
 Sheldon, 305-308. 
 Smith, Goldvvin, 237, 238. 
 Thomas, 268. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 202-204. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 587-600. 
 
 Elaine, i. 150-153, 157-164. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 432, 433. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 468, 469. 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 496-502. 
 Eggleston, 301, 302. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 350. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 309-319. 
 Irving-Fiske, 556, 557. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 179-181. 
 Johnston, 289-290. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 781, 782. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 227- 
 
 242. 
 
 Patton, ii. 869. 
 Pollard, Lost Cause, 66, 67. 
 Rhodes, ii. 440-454. 
 Richardson, 431, 432. 
 Schouler, v. 454-457. 
 Sheldon, 314. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 238. 
 Thomas, 268. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 200. 204, 
 
 206. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii 
 
 673-688. 
 
 Oregon admitted, 1859. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Election of the 
 Sixteenth 
 President 
 Abraham 
 Lincoln 
 
 Blaine. i. 166-172. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 433, 434. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 468-472. 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 503-506. 
 Eggleston, 301, 302. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 350. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 328, 329. 
 Irving-Fiske, 557. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 181, 182. 
 Johnston, 291. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 59. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 164-179. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ii. 255-295. 
 Patton, ii. 869, 870. 
 Rhodes, ii. 477-480, 483-489, 500-502. 
 Richardson, 433-435- 
 Schouler, v. 457-469. 
 Sheldon, 314-317. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 238-241. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 214-235. 
 Thomas, 269. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 204-210. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, ii. 
 689-764. 
 
 Petroleum, or coal oil, discovered in Pennsylvania, 1859. 
 
 / Blaine, i. 216-221. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 435-437. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 472. 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 36, 39. 
 De Trobriand, 1-30. 
 
 Draper, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 510-516. 
 Eggleston, 304, 305. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 351. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 328-351. 
 Higginson, 289. 
 Irving-Fiske, 559, 560. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 182, 183. 
 Johnston, 292, 293. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 699-700. 
 
 Secession of the 
 Seven Cotton 
 States 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 Secession of the 
 Seven Cotton 
 States 
 
 ( Continued") 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 184-187. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iii. 1-16. 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 1-16. 
 Patton, ii. 872, 879. 
 Pollard, Lost Cause, 83, 84. 
 Richardson, 433-435. 
 Schouler, v. 474-480, 488-490. 
 Sheldon, 314-321 . 
 Smith, Goldwin, 241-244. 
 Stevens, War between the States, ii. 300- 
 
 39- 
 
 Thomas, 269, 270. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 210-212. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 2-10, 109-117. 
 
 1857 
 
 1858 
 
 1859 
 
 Summary of Period of Secession and Civil War to January, 1861 
 
 Inauguration of President Buchanan. 
 The Dred Scott Decision. 
 The Topeka and Lecompton Constitutions. 
 Personal Liberty and Homestead Laws. 
 The Tariff and Panic of 1857. 
 The Mormon Rebellion. 
 
 J The Lincoln-Douglas Debates. 
 \ Minnesota Admitted. 
 
 ( John Brown s Raid. 
 
 I Split in the Democratic Party. 
 
 1 Oregon Admitted. 
 
 [ Petroleum Discovered. 
 
 Election of Abraham Lincoln. 
 Secession of the Seven Cotton States. 
 
 1860 
 
 Kansas admitted, 1861 
 
 The Policy of 
 Hesitation 
 
 The Crittenden 
 Compromise 
 
 ( Elaine, i. 222-229, 239-24 1 - 
 
 J Bryant & Gay, iv. 438-440. 
 
 1 Draper, i. 518-520, 522-524, 554-5S 6 - 
 
 ( Eggleston, 305, 306. 
 
86 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Policy of 
 Hesitation 
 
 The Crittenden 
 Compromise 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 The MorriU Tariff 
 of 1861 
 
 Establishment of 
 the Confederate 
 Government 
 February 1861 
 
 f Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 351, 352. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 355, 356, 368-372, 
 
 376-382. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 183, 184. 
 Johnston, 296. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 553, 554. 
 Montgomery, 283. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 202, 203. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, Hi. 69, 77- 
 
 80, 224-227. 
 Patton, ii. 873. 
 
 Schouler, v. 471-474, 504-507. 
 Sheldon, 320, 321. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 244-247. 
 Stevens, War between the States, ii. 300- 
 
 309- 
 
 Thomas, 272, 273. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 213-216. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 43-59 71-95- 
 
 Elaine, i. 399-401. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 407. 
 Johnston, History of Am. Politics, 185-189. 
 Johnston, 336. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 865. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iii. 243. 
 Patton, ii. 971. 
 Schouler, v. 503. 
 
 Taussig, Tariff History of U.S., 158-161. 
 Thomas, 304. 
 
 Elaine, i. 294, 295. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 440, 441. 
 
 Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War, i. 
 
 129. 
 
 Draper, i. 528-536. 
 Eggleston, 306. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 351. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 414-416. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 Establishment of 
 the Confederate 
 Government 
 February 1861 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 566, 567, 569; iii. 
 
 Higginson, 289-290. 
 Irving-Fiske, 560. 
 Johnston, 293, 294. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, 
 
 998. 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, xii. 42-53. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 205, 206. 
 Nicolay Hay, Life of Lincoln, iii. 195-204, 
 Nicolay, The Outbreak of the Rebellion, 
 
 37-44- 
 
 Patton, ii. 879. 
 Richardson, 434. 
 Schouler, v. 490-492. 
 Sheldon, 322-325. 
 Thomas, 271, 272. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 211. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 117-126. 
 
 President Lincoln 
 
 First Administration of Abraham Lincoln 1861-1865 
 
 Elaine, i. 279-283, 290, 291. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 445. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 23-27. 
 
 Draper, ii. 13-17. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 352, 353. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 418-428. 
 
 Johnston, 297. 
 
 Montgomery, 285, 286. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 227-231. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iii. 245, 
 
 246, 317, 318, 342-344- 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 45-50. 
 Patton, ii. 880, 88 1. 
 Richardson, 436. 
 Schouler, v. 497, 498, 501, 502. 
 Sheldon, 321. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 250-253. 
 Wilson, Epochs of Am. History, 216-218. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 179-183. 
 
88 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Fall of 
 Sumter April 
 13* 1861 
 
 The Call to Arms 
 
 Abbott, History of the Civil War, i. 88-91. 
 Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, i. 50- 
 
 81. 
 
 Elaine, i. 296. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 442-447. 
 Coffin, Building the Nation, 473. 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 44-47. 
 Comte de Paris, i. 138, 139. 
 De Trobriand, 53, 54. 
 Draper, ii. 58-64. 
 Drumbeat of the Nation, 42-47. 
 Eggleston, 306, 307. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 356. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 440-447. 
 Higginson, 290, 291. 
 Irving-Fiske, 560. 
 Johnston, 297-299. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 533. 
 Lossing, Hist, of the Civil War, i. 310-334. 
 Montgomery, 286-288. 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, i. 52-59. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iv. 49-63. 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 56-68. 
 Patton, ii. 883, 884. 
 Richardson, 437-440. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 253. 
 Thomas, 274, 275. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 218. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 208-210. 
 
 B?ttles and Leaders, i. 86. 
 
 Blaine, i. 297, 298. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 447. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 48. 
 
 Comte de Paris, i. 140. 
 
 Draper, ii. 70. 
 
 Eggleston, 307. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 356. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 89 
 
 The Call to Arms 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Secession of four 
 other States 
 Virginia 
 North Carolina 
 Tennessee and 
 Arkansas 
 
 ( Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 455, 454. 
 Higginson, 294. 
 Irving-Fiske, 560. 
 Johnston, 299. 
 Montgomery, 288. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 251-254. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iv. 76, 77. 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 69-77. 
 Patton, ii. 885, 886. 
 Richardson, 440, 443. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 328-330. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 256. 
 Thomas, 277, 278. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 218. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii, 
 212-216. 
 
 ( Elaine, i. 300-304. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 448. 
 Comte de Paris, i. 142, 149, 158. 
 Draper, ii. 81. 
 Eggleston, 307. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 357. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 458, 461, 
 
 473, 481, 482, 486, 489. 
 Irving-Fiske, 561. 
 Johnston, 301. 
 Montgomery, 289. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln. 
 
 162, 183, 247-253. 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 82, 83 
 
 115, 126-129, 130. 
 Pollard, Lost Cause, 82-99. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Stevens, War between the States, ii. 312 
 
 333- 
 
 Thomas, 278. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 219. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power 
 
 iii. 137-140, 144-146. 
 
 468, 
 
 iv. 104, 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 Congress called in 
 Special Session 
 Its War Measures 
 
 First Battle of 
 Bull Run 
 July 21, 1861 
 
 Elaine, i. 3i3-3 J 5> 3 2 4, 33 2 337- 
 
 Comte de Paris, i. 218-220. 
 
 Draper, ii. 173-180, 182-185. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict,!. 555, 559-562, 572. 
 
 Johnston, 303. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 291-298. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iv. 370- 
 
 384- 
 
 Patton, ii. 903. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 219-221. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, 
 
 Abbott, Battlefields of 61, 103-135. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, i. 198-227. 
 
 Blaine, i. 337, 338. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 451-454. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 86-103. 
 
 Comte de Paris, i. 231-256. 
 
 Draper, ii. 114-130. 
 
 Eggleston, 312. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 358. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 539-547- 
 
 Higginson, 296, 297. 
 
 Irving- Fiske, 561. 
 
 Johnston, 304. 
 
 Lossing, i. 584-608. 
 
 Montgomery, 292, 293. 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, xii. 68-80. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 298-302. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, iv. 343- 
 
 357- 
 
 Nicolay, Outbreak of the Rebellion, 181-196. 
 Patton, ii. 894-897. 
 Richardson, 457-461. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 331-333. 
 Thomas, 282-284. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 221. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 The Affair of the 
 Trent 
 
 Battles and Leaders, ii. 118, 135-142. 
 
 Blaine, i. 580-587. 
 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 459-461. 
 
 Comte de Paris, i. 464-472. 
 
 Draper, ii. 540-546. 
 
 Eggleston, 350, 351. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 358, 359. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, i. 606-608. 
 
 Higginson, 297, 298. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 562. 
 
 Johnston, 306. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 949. 
 
 Maclay, Hist, of the Navy, ii. 236, 237. 
 
 Montgomery, 294, 295. 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, iii. 321-336. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 380-387. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, v. 21-41. 
 
 Patton, ii. 907, 908. 
 
 Porter, Naval Hist, of the Civil War, 63-74. 
 
 Richardson, 470, 471. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 373. 
 
 Thomas, 285, 286. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 222. 
 
 March 
 
 April 
 
 Summary of the Events of 1861 
 
 < Inauguration of President Lincoln. 
 ) Kansas Admitted. 
 
 Attack on Sumter. First Bloodshed at Bal 
 timore. Call for Volunteers. Virginia, 
 North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, 
 join the Confederacy. 
 
 Richmond becomes the Capital of the Con 
 federacy. 
 
 President Lincoln proclaims the Blockade. 
 
 May 
 
 Confederates busy at forming Lines of De 
 fence. 
 
9 2 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 July 
 
 October 
 November 
 
 Meeting of Congress. $500,000,000 voted 
 to carry on the War. The President 
 granted War Powers. Battle of Bull Run. 
 
 McClellan appointed Commander-in-chief of 
 the Army. 
 
 Battle of Wilson s Creek, Mo. 
 
 Union Forces capture Fort Hatteras, N.C. 
 
 Battle of Ball s Bluff, Va. 
 
 Union Forces capture Port Royal, S.C. 
 
 Trent Affair. 
 
 First Battle of 
 Ironclads 
 The Monitor 
 and Merrimac 
 March 8, 1862 
 
 Campaign of 1862 
 
 Battles and Leaders, i. 692-711. 
 
 Elaine, i. 358, 359. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 464, 465. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 165-172. 
 
 Comte de Paris, i. 595-608. 
 
 Draper, ii. 418-425. 
 
 Eggleston, 324, 325. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 359-362. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 116-119. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 565. 
 
 Johnston, 313, 314. 
 
 Maclay, Hist, of the Navy, ii. 282-324. 
 
 Montgomery, 295, 296. 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, iv. 270-280 ; ix. 
 
 241-245. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, i. 356, 357. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, v. 218-238. 
 Patton, ii. 932-936. 
 Porter, 119-133. 
 Richardson, 480-482. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 335-337, 373- 
 Smith, Goldwin, 272. 
 Thomas, 289. 
 k Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 229. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 93 
 
 The Campaign of 
 1862 in the West 
 
 Battles of 
 Fort Henry 
 Fort Donelson 
 Shiloh 
 
 Perryville and 
 Murfreesboro 
 
 Farragut s Capture 
 of New Orleans 
 April 25, 1862 
 
 Abbott, Battlefields of 61, 181-211, 239- 
 
 261. 
 Battles and Leaders, i. 368-372, 401-428, 
 
 465-486 ; iii. 31-45. 
 Blaine, i. 361, 362. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 515-518, 522-525,531, 
 
 534, 535- 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 136-157, 
 
 196-217, 359-363, 420-433. 
 Comte de Paris, i. 481-497, 538-555 ; ii. 
 
 381-394, 500-534. 
 Draper, ii. 262-271, 284-302, 357, 360- 
 
 365- 
 
 Eggleston, 312, 314, 315, 331- 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 362-364. 
 Force, Campaigns of the Civil War, 28-32, 
 
 33-60, 122-181. 
 Greeley, ii. 45-51. 58-71, 217-222, 270- 
 
 282. 
 
 Higginson, 302. 
 Irving-Fiske, 563, 564, 568. 
 Johnston, 307-311. 
 Montgomery, 296-298, 304. 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, xii. 414-456. 
 Nicolay Hay, Life of Lincoln, v. 120-122, 
 
 185-200,303-335; vi. 273-296. 
 Patton, ii. 922-926, 967, 968. 
 Porter, 141-144, 149-157. 
 Richardson, 472-477, 482-486. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 373. 
 Thomas, 287, 288^293. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 223, 224. 
 
 Abbott, Battlefields of 61, 262-277. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, ii. 22-54. 
 
 Blaine, i. 359. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 526-529. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 218-225. 
 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 153-173. 
 
94 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Farragut s Capture 
 of New Orleans 
 April 25, 1862 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 The Peninsula 
 
 Campaign 
 
 April-July 1862 
 From Yorktown to 
 
 Malvern Hill 
 
 Draper, ii. 327-341. 
 
 Eggleston, 326. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 364. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 81-101 
 
 Higginson, 303, 304. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 564. 
 
 Johnston, 315, 316. 
 
 Maclay, History of the Navy, ii. 364-410. 
 
 Montgomery, 299, 300. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, v. 252-272. 
 
 Patton, ii. 926-929. 
 
 Porter, Naval History, 175-188. 
 
 Richardson, 490-493. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 338. 
 
 Thomas, 290. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 224. 
 
 Abbott, Battlefields of 61, 282-355. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, ii. 160-187. 
 
 Blaine, i. 363-367. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 467-491. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 236-276. 
 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 6-28, 52-72, 85-104, 
 
 107-148. 
 
 De Trobriand, 261-289. 
 Draper, ii. 378-389, 397-417- 
 Eggleston, 318, 319. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 365-367. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 140-169. 
 Higginson, 298. 
 Irving-Fiske, 565-567. 
 Johnston, 319-321. 
 
 McClelland Own Story, 377~3 8 4, 433 437- 
 Montgomery, 301, 302. 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, xii. 245-251, 
 
 272-279, 550-594. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 37-66. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, v. 358-391, 
 
 413-440. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 95 
 
 The Peninsula 
 
 Campaign 
 
 April- July 1862 
 From Yorktown to < 
 
 Malvern Hill 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Lee s Campaign 
 against Pope 
 
 Battles of Cedar 
 Mountain and 
 Second Bull Run 
 Summer 1862 
 
 Lee invades 
 Maryland 
 
 Battle of 
 Antietam 
 17, 1862 
 
 Sept. 
 
 Patton, ii. 940-952. 
 
 Richardson, 498, 499. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 373. 
 
 Thomas, 290, 291. 
 
 Walker, History of the Second Corps, 14- 
 87. 
 
 Webb, The Peninsula, 35-82, 93-167. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 224, 225. 
 
 
 
 Battles and Leaders, ii. 449-494. 
 
 Elaine, i. 448, 449. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 492-498. 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 278-297. 
 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 250, 251, 256-261, 279- 
 
 3<H- 
 
 De Trobriand, 283-307. 
 Draper, ii. 430-445. 
 Eggleston, 319, 320. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 368, 369. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 172-189. 
 Higginson, 298, 299. 
 Irving-Fiske, 567. 
 Johnston, 321. 
 Montgomery, 303. 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, v. 325-331, 342- 
 
 361, 466-475. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 74-80. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vi. 1-21. 
 Patton, ii. 953-956. 
 Richardson, 499, 500. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Thomas, 292. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 225, 226. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, ii. 630-660. 
 Elaine, i. 449, 450. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 498-504. 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 298-333. 
 ^ Coffin, Marching to Victory, 127-159. 
 
9 6 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Lee invades 
 
 Maryland 
 Battle of 
 
 Antietam Sept. 
 
 17, 1862 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Burnside at 
 Fredericksburg 
 Dec. 13, 1862 
 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 309-325, 331-359. 
 
 De Trobriand, 308-327. 
 
 Draper, ii. 451-466. 
 
 Eggleston, 320. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 369, 370. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 193-212. 
 
 Higginson, 299. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 567. 
 
 Johnston, 321, 322. 
 
 Montgomery, 303, 304. 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, v. 437-439 ; xii. 
 
 627-638. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 83-87. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vi. 131- 
 
 146. 
 Palfrey, The Antietam and Fredericksburg, 
 
 42-135- 
 
 Patton, ii. 957-960. 
 Richardson, 504, 505. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 373. 
 Thomas, 293. 
 
 Walker, Hist, of Second Corps, 87-127. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 226. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iii. 70-85. 
 
 Elaine, i. 452. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 508-5 1 1 . 
 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 393-414. 
 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 575-599. 
 
 Draper, ii. 468-474. 
 
 Eggleston, 320. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 373. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 342-350. 
 
 Higginson, 300. 
 
 Johnston, 322. 
 
 Montgomery, 304. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 136, 137. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vi. 200- 
 
 211. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 97 
 
 Burnside at 
 Fredericksburg 
 Dec. 13, 1862 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Palfrey, The Antietam and Fredericksburg, 
 
 136-190. 
 
 Patton, ii. 961, 962. 
 Richardson, 507. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 373. 
 Thomas, 293. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 226. 
 
 West Virginia admitted, Dec. 31, 1862. 
 
 January 
 February 
 
 March 
 April 
 
 May 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August 
 September 
 
 Summary of the Events of 1862 
 
 Union Victory at Mill Springs, Ky. 
 
 ( Capture of Fort Henry, Tenn. 
 2 Capture of Roanoke Island, N.C. 
 (^ Capture of Fort Donelson, Tenn. 
 
 ( Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. 
 
 \ Fight of the Monitor and Merrimac. 
 
 ( Battle of Shiloh, Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. 
 J Death of Albert Sidney Johnston. 
 j Capture of Island No. 10. 
 [_ Fall of New Orleans. 
 
 Siege of Yorktown, Va. 
 Battle of Williamsburg, Va. 
 Capture of Corinth, Miss. Battle of Fair 
 
 Oaks, Va. 
 
 Negroes begin to be organized as United 
 States Troops. 
 
 The Seven Days Battles near Richmond. 
 Battle of Malvern Hill. 
 
 Pope s Campaign in Va. 
 Battle. 
 
 Second Bull Run 
 
 ( Capture of Harper s Ferry by the Confeder- 
 
 I ates. 
 
 1 Battle of Antietam, Md. 
 
 [ Bragg s Invasion of Kentucky. 
 
98 Handbook of American History 
 
 ( Battle of Perryville. 
 
 October < President Lincoln announces his purpose to 
 
 Q free the slaves. 
 
 ( Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. 
 
 December < First Attempt on Vicksburg, Miss. 
 
 ? Battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn, 
 
 Emancipation 
 Jan. i, 1863 
 
 "The great Historic 
 Event of the War." 
 Henry Wilson. 
 
 First Administration of Abraham Lincoln 1861-1865 
 
 ( Elaine, i. 445-447. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 504, 543, 544. 
 Coffin, Drumbeat of the Nation, 458, 459. 
 Comte de Paris, ii. 739, 743-747. 
 Draper, ii. 601-614. 
 Eggleston, 325, 326. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 371. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 252-256. 
 Higginson, 304, 305. 
 Irving-Fiske, 569, 570. 
 Johnston, 323, 324. 
 Montgomery, 304, 305. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 130-133. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vi. 147, 
 
 161, 162, 169, 171, 399-430. 
 Patton, ii. 965, 970, 971. 
 Richardson, 514-516. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 340-342. 
 Thomas, 294-296. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 226, 227. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, hi. 
 
 Hooker at 
 Chancellorsville 
 May 3, 1863 
 
 The Campaign of 1862 in the East 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iii. 154-171. 
 Elaine, i. 493, 494. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 545-551- 
 Coffin, Marching to Victory, 127-159. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 99 
 
 Hooker at 
 Chancellorsville 
 May 3, 1863 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Lee s Second 
 Invasion of 
 Maryland 
 
 Battle of Gettys 
 burg July 1-4, 
 1863 
 
 Comte de Paris, iii. 23-47, 53-72, 75-115. 
 Doubleday, Chancellorsville, 5-74. 
 Draper, iii. 106-124. 
 Eggleston, 320, 321. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 373. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 352-365. 
 Irving-Fiske, 570. 
 Johnston, 326. 
 Montgomery, 306. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 140-142. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vii. 87-1 1 1 . 
 Patton, ii. 972-975. 
 Richardson, 524-526. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 343 345- 
 Thomas, 298. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 230. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iii. 244-251, 267-284, 
 
 293-3I3. 369-385- 
 Elaine, i. 495, 496. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 551-557. 
 Coffin, Marching to Victory, 200-282. 
 Comte de Paris, iii. 538-694. 
 Draper, iii. 136-152. 
 Doubleday, Gettysburg, 117-210. 
 Eggleston, 321. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 373. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 375-389. 
 Higginson, 306, 307. 
 Irving-Fiske, 570, 571. 
 Johnston, 327, 328. 
 Montgomery, 306, 307. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 146-149. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vii. 197-281 . 
 Patton, ii. 976-984. 
 Richardson, 527-529. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 345, 346. 
 Thomas, 298, 299. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 230. 
 
IOO 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Reopening of 
 the Mississippi 
 
 Sieges of 
 Vicksburg and 
 Port Hudson 
 
 The Tennessee 
 Campaign of 
 1863 
 
 Battles of 
 Chickamauga 
 and Chattanooga 
 
 f Battles and Leaders, iii. 493-539. 
 Elaine, i. 496, 497. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 557-559- 
 Coffin, Marching to Victory, 283-315. 
 Comte de Paris, iii. 349-402. 
 Draper, iii. 25-56. 
 Eggleston, 327, 328. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 374. 
 Greeley, American Conflict, ii. 286-316. 
 Greene, The Mississippi, 135-233. 
 Higginson, 307, 308. 
 Irving-Fiske, 571. 
 Johnston, 329, 330. 
 Montgomery, 307-310. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 157-162. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vii. 282- 
 
 327- 
 
 Patton, ii. 985-987. 
 Richardson, 517-524. 
 Schouler, vi. * 
 
 Sheldon, 346, 349. 
 Thomas, 299. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 230, 231. 
 
 f Battles and Leaders, iii. 638-662, 679-709. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 561-565. 
 Cist, Army of the Cumberland, 193-229, 
 
 243-262. 
 
 Coffin, Marching to Victory, 401-455. 
 Comte de Paris, iv. 102-131, 134-178, 253- 
 
 279, 280-315. 
 Draper, iii. 67-74, 75~97- 
 Eggleston, 331, 333, 334. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 375, 378. 
 Greeley, American Conflict, ii. 408-426, 
 
 434-446. 
 
 Higginson, 308, 309. 
 Irving-Fiske, 571, 572. 
 Johnston, 332-334. 
 ( Montgomery, 310, 311. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil , War 
 
 101 
 
 The Tennessee 
 Campaign of 
 1863 
 
 Battles of 
 Chickamauga 
 and Chattanooga 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 How the Enormous 
 War Expenses 
 were paid The 
 Legal-Tender 
 Act Adoption 
 of National 
 Banking System 
 Feb. 25, 1863 
 
 The Government 
 from 1862 to 1879 
 paid its bills in its own 
 paper currency. 
 
 The Draft and 
 Draft Riots 
 
 Moore, Rebellion Record, ii. 73 \ vii. 246- 
 246; viii. 190-198; x^, 324-334; 3 35,-3;7 ^ 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii f . 1^65-267. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, viii. 75- 
 108, 121-157. 
 
 Patton, ii. 993-996. 
 
 Richardson, 540-543. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 347, 348. 
 
 Thomas, 300. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 232. 
 
 Elaine, i. 411-429, 470-482. 
 
 Comte de Paris, iii. 412-418. 
 
 Draper, ii. 564-574; iii. 491, 492. 
 
 Eggleston, 352. 
 
 Johnston, 324. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 215, 217. 
 
 Montgomery, 249. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vi. 230- 
 237, 242-247. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Thomas, 304, 306, 307. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 232, 233. 
 
 ( Bryant & Gay, iv. 559, 560. 
 
 Coffin, Marching to Victory, 321-328. 
 
 Comte de Paris, iii. 407-412. 
 
 Draper, iii. 437, 442-445. 
 
 Greeley, ii. 487, 488, 501-508. 
 
 Johnston, 337. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 836, 837. 
 
 Montgomery, 310. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 194-199. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, vii. 3-26. 
 
 Patton, ii. 989, 990. 
 
 Richardson, 530-533. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 374. 
 
 Thomas, 303, 304. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 228, 229. 
 
IO2 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 January 
 March 
 April 
 May 
 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 September 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 Summary of the Events of 1863 
 
 The Emancipation Proclamation. 
 
 ( Draft Act passed, and the beginning of Con- 
 \ scription for the Union Army. 
 
 Confederates win at Fort Sumter. 
 
 J Confederate Victory over Hooker at Chancel- 
 \ lorsville. 
 
 ( West Virginia admitted as a new State. 
 \ Lee invades Maryland a Second Time. 
 
 (Federal Victory at Gettysburg. 
 Fall of Vicksburg and Port Hudson. 
 Morgan s Cavalry Raid in Ohio. 
 Draft Riots for Three Days in New York. 
 Battle of Helena, Ark. 
 
 Confederates win the Battle of Chickamauga. 
 Chattanooga besieged by the Confederates. 
 
 Siege of Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Grant wins the Battles of Lookout Moun 
 tain and Missionary Ridge, at Chatta 
 nooga. 
 
 The New Com 
 manders 
 
 Grant appointed 
 Lieutenant- 
 General 
 
 Sherman commands 
 the Army of the 
 West 
 
 Campaign of 1864 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 97-99. 
 Elaine, i. 509-512. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 569, 570. 
 Coffin, Redeeming the Republic, 67-72 
 Draper, iii. 259-262. 
 Eggleston, 334. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 378. 
 Greeley, ii. 562-564. 
 Higginson, 311. 
 v Irving-Fiske, 572, 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 103 
 
 The New Com 
 manders 
 
 Grant appointed 
 Lieutenant- 
 General 
 
 Sherman commands 
 the Army of the 
 West 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 Grant s Campaign 
 to the James 
 
 The Nine Months 
 
 Siege of 
 
 Petersburg 
 The Battles of 
 
 the Crater and 
 
 Reams Station 
 
 Johnston, 338. 
 
 Montgomery, 311. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 277, 278. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, viii. 334- 
 
 343- 
 
 Patton, ii. 998-1000. 
 Richardson, 548. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 354. 
 Thomas, 311. 
 Wilson, Epochs of Am. History, 234. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 118-144, 213-220. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 572-579. 
 
 Coffin, Redeeming the Republic, 78-124. 
 
 Draper, iii. 368-389. 
 
 Eggleston, 338, 339. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 378. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 566-574, 577-582. 
 
 Higginson, 311, 312. 
 
 Humphreys, Virginia Campaign of 64 and 
 
 65, 18-118, 182-193. 
 Irving-Fiske, 572. 
 Johnston, 339-341. 
 Montgomery, 312, 313. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 279-282. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, viii. 352- 
 
 391, 400-407. 
 Patton, ii. 1006-1011. 
 Richardson, 549-552. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 358, 359. 
 Thomas, 312, 313. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 234. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 533-537, 545-560. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 589-594. 
 
 Coffin, Redeeming the Republic, 312-334, 
 
 358-374. 
 
 Draper, iii. 394-406, 414-419. 
 Eggleston, 338-340. 
 
IO4 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Nine Months 
 
 Siege of 
 
 Petersburg 
 The Battles of 
 
 the Crater and 
 
 Reams Station 
 
 ( Continued") 
 
 ( Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 583-598. 
 
 Humphreys, 247-266, 268-321. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 572, 573. 
 
 Johnston, 342. 
 
 Montgomery, 315. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 406-435 . 
 
 Patton, ii. 1013, 1014. 
 
 Richardson, 356, 357. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 359. 
 
 Thomas, 314. 
 k Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 234. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 500-521. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 594, 595. 
 
 Draper, iii. 406-414. 
 
 Eggleston, 340-342. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 378, 380. 
 
 Greeley, American Conflict, ii. 607-615. 
 
 Higginson, 312. 
 
 Johnston, 342, 343. 
 
 Montgomery, 314-316. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 291-331 . 
 
 Patton, ii. 1011-1013. 
 
 Pond, The Shenandoah, 111-242. 
 
 Richardson, 554-556. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Thomas, 313, 314. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 234, 235. 
 
 Nevada admitted, 1864. 
 
 ( Battles and Leaders, iv. 250-257, 260-274, 
 
 Sheridan s Cam 
 paign against 
 Early in the 
 Shenandoah 
 Valley 
 
 Battles of 
 Winchester 
 Fisher s Hill 
 and Cedar Creek 
 
 Sherman s Cam 
 paign from 
 Chattanooga to 
 Atlanta 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 579-583. 
 
 Coffin, Redeeming the Republic, 199-259, 
 
 335-357. 401-426. 
 Cox, Atlanta, 35-48, 70-88, 116-129, l &3 
 
 187, 198-210. 
 Draper, iii. 265-305. 
 Eggleston, 334, 335. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 105 
 
 Sherman s Cam 
 paign from 
 Chattanooga to 
 Atlanta 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 The March from 
 Atlanta to the 
 Sea 
 
 Capture of 
 Savannah 
 
 Hood s Sortie 
 into Tennessee 
 
 Battles of 
 Franklin and 
 Nashville 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 380. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 625-633, 637-641. 
 
 Higginson, 315. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 573. 
 
 Johnston, 344-346. 
 
 Montgomery, 316. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 1-28, 
 
 263-274, 278-290. 
 Patton, ii. 1000-1004. 
 Richardson, 564-567. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Thomas, 315. 
 k Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 235. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 566-666. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 583-586. 
 
 Cox, The March to the Sea, 21-61. 
 
 Draper, iii. 310-339. 
 
 Eggleston, 346. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 381, 382. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 689-695. 
 
 Higginson, 315. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 574. 
 
 Johnston, 347. 
 
 Montgomery, 317-319. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 478-494. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1005. 
 
 Richardson, 569-572. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 355, 356. 
 
 Thomas, 316-318. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 235. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 440-464. 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 583. 
 Cox, The March to the Sea, 81-136. 
 Draper, iii. 343-357- 
 Eggleston, 345, 346. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 381. 
 k Greeley, ii. 677-687. 
 
io6 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Hood s Sortie 
 into Tennessee 
 
 Battles of 
 Franklin and 
 Nashville 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Confederate 
 Cruisers 
 
 The Duel of the Ala 
 bama and Kearsarge 
 off Cherbourg, June 
 19, 1864. 
 
 The Battle of 
 Mobile Bay 
 Aug. 5, 1864 
 
 " I am going into 
 Mobile Bay in the 
 morning, if God is 
 my Leader ; as I hope 
 he is." 
 David G. Farragtit. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 573, 574. 
 Johnston, 346. 
 Montgomery, 317, 318, 319. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 1-37. 
 Patton, ii. 1016-1018. 
 Richardson, 567-569. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Thomas, 315, 316. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 235. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 600-614. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 589. 
 
 Draper, iii. 188-203. 
 
 Eggleston, 351, 352. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 359, 380. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 641-649. 
 
 Higginson, 312, 313. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 573. 
 
 Johnston, 350, 351. 
 
 Maclay, History of the Navy, ii. 553-573. 
 
 Montgomery, 313. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincohi, ix. 128- 
 
 Patton, ii. 1030, 1031. 
 
 Porter, Naval History, 648-655. 
 
 Richardson, 560-562. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Thomas, 318, 319. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 235. 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 379-400. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 589. 
 
 Draper, iii. 220-228. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 380. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 649-654. 
 
 Higginson, 313, 314. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 573. 
 
 Johnston, 349. 
 
 Maclay, History of the Navy, ii. 456483. 
 
 Montgomery, 317. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 107 
 
 The Battle of 
 Mobile Bay 
 Aug. 5, 1864 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 222- 
 
 243- 
 
 Patton, ii. 1014, 1015. 
 Porter, Naval History, 565-578. 
 Richardson, 562-564. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 374. 
 Thomas, 319. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 236. 
 
 Reelection of 
 
 President 
 
 Lincoln 
 Andrew Johnson 
 
 Vice-President 
 
 f Elaine, i. 513-532. 
 Bryant Gay, iv. 587. 
 Draper, iii. 470-476. 
 Eggleston, 353. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 381. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 658-660, 669- 
 
 672. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 574, 575. 
 Johnston, History of Am. Politics, 193, 194. 
 Johnston, 352. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 286-295. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, ix. 52-78, 
 
 256-262, 351-384. 
 Patton, ii. 1019, 1020. 
 Richardson, 583. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 236-252. 
 Thomas, 321-322. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 236, 237. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 549-55 1 559-56i. 
 
 March 
 April 
 
 Summary of the Events of 1864 
 
 ( Grant made Commander-in-Chief. 
 \ Sherman in Command in the West. 
 
 ( Red River Expedition, Louisiana. 
 
 J Confederate Capture of Fort Pillow, Tenn. 
 
io8 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 May 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 August 
 September 
 
 October 
 
 November 
 
 December 
 
 f Battle of the Wilderness, Va. 
 
 1 Battle of Spottsylvania, Va. 
 
 (^ Union Victories at Resaca and Dallas, Ga. 
 
 (Battle of Cold Harbor, Va. 
 Siege of Petersburg begins. 
 Duel of Kearsarge and Alabama. 
 Battle of Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 
 
 f Battles before Atlanta, Ga. 
 ^ Early s Raid on Washington. 
 ( The Battle of the Crater, Va. 
 
 Farragufs Fight at Mobile Bay, Ala. 
 
 ( Capture of Atlanta, Ga. 
 1 Battle of Winchester, Va. 
 ( Battle of Fisher s Hill, Va. 
 
 Battle of Cedar Creek, Va. 
 Admission of Nevada. 
 
 f Sherman s March to the Sea. 
 
 1 Battle of Franklin, Tenn. 
 
 Q Reelection of President Lincoln. 
 
 J Capture of Savannah, Ga. 
 ) Battle of Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Second Administration of Abraham Lincoln 1865 
 
 The Second 
 Inauguration 
 of President 
 Lincoln 
 The Inaugural 
 
 "With malice 
 toward none, with 
 charity for all." 
 
 Lincoln . 
 
 Elaine, i. 544. 
 
 Draper, iii. 477-479. 
 
 Greeley, ii. 676, 677. 
 
 Higginson, 320, 321. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 311-315. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 139- 
 
 147. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1020, 1021. 
 Richardson, 583. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 366. 
 Wilson, Rise and fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 574-578. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 109 
 
 Grant s Final 
 Campaign 
 Surrender of Lee 
 at Appomattox 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 708-746. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 596-598. 
 
 Draper, Hi. 560-597. 
 
 Eggleston, 348. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 382 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 726-745. 
 
 Higginson, 316-318. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 575. 
 
 Johnston, 354-356. 
 
 Montgomery, 321. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 148- 
 
 212. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1019-1025. 
 Richardson, 579-582. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 359-361. 
 Thomas, 325, 326. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 237, 238. 
 
 383. 
 
 337-340- 
 Lincoln, 
 
 Sherman s March 
 from Savannah 
 to Bentonville 
 and Surrender 
 of Johnston 
 
 Campaign of 1865 
 
 Battles and Leaders, iv. 681-695. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 598, 599. 
 
 Draper, iii. 539-559. 
 
 Eggleston, 347. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 382. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 696-708. 
 
 Higginson, 315, 316. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 575. 
 
 Johnston, 353, 354. 
 j Montgomery, 320. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 229- 
 254. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1025. 
 
 Richardson, 572-575. 
 
 Schouler, vi. 
 
 Sheldon, 356, 357. 
 
 Thomas, 323, 324. 
 v Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 236. 
 
no 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Assassination 
 of the President 
 
 Elaine, i. 546-549. 
 
 Bryant & Gay, iv. 599. 
 
 Draper, iii. 626-630. 
 
 Eggleston, 354. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 383, 384. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, 746-750. 
 
 Higginson, 322. 
 
 Irving-Fiske, 575. 
 
 Johnston, 358. 
 
 Montgomery, 322. 
 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 342-350. 
 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 286- 
 
 Patton, ii. 1026. 
 Richardson, 582-586. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 362. 
 Thomas, 326. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 238. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 579-584. 
 
 Character of 
 Lincoln 
 
 Elaine, i. 546-549. 
 Eggleston, 354, 355. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 348, 349. 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 750. 
 Higginson, 322, 323. 
 Morse, Life of Lincoln, ii. 354-358. 
 Nicolay & Hay, Life of Lincoln, x. 341- 
 
 356. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1026. 
 Richardson, 432, 433. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Sheldon, 365-367. 
 Thomas, 327. 
 Wilson, Epochs of American History, 216, 
 
 217. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power, 
 
 iii, 586-588. 
 
Period of Secession and Civil War 
 
 i i 
 
 Cost of the War 
 in Life and 
 Treasure 
 
 "Altogether, while 
 the cost of the war 
 cannot exactly be cal 
 culated, eight billions 
 of dollars is a moder 
 ate estimate." 
 
 The Final Reviews 
 and Disbanding 
 of the Armies 
 
 Elaine, i. 560-562. 
 Draper, iii. 646, 647. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 393. 
 Greeley, ii. 759, 760. 
 Higginson, 318. 
 Johnston, 361. 
 Montgomery, 322. 
 Patton, ii. 1028. 
 Schouler, vi. 
 Thomas, 328, 329. 
 w Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 252. 
 
 Draper, iii. 630-634. 
 
 Greeley, Am. Conflict, ii. 758, 759. 
 
 Higginson, 323, 324. 
 
 Johnston, 365, 366. 
 
 Montgomery, 324, 325. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1028. 
 
 Sheldon, 368, 369. 
 
 Thomas, 327, 328. 
 
 February 
 March 
 
 April 
 June 
 
 Summary cf the Events of 1865 
 
 Capture of Charleston, S.C. 
 
 f The Second Inauguration of President 
 
 ) Lincoln. 
 
 (Battle of Goldsboro, N.C. 
 
 {Grant s Final Campaign and the Surrender 
 at Appomattox. 
 The Assassination of the President. 
 Surrender of Johnston. 
 
 $ The Final Reviews and Disbanding of the 
 Armies. 
 
I 12 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 PERIOD OF RECONSTRUCTION 1865-1881 
 
 Administration of Andrew Johnson 1865-1869 
 
 Establishment of 
 Provisional 
 Governments 
 in the Seceded 
 States 
 
 Restoration or re 
 construction : which ? 
 
 ( Anderson, 328. 
 Elaine, ii. 76-80. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 197. 
 Johnston, 369. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 543, 544. 
 Montgomery, 328. 
 Patton, ii. 1033, 1034. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 297, 298. 
 Thomas, 333. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 259. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 616-618. 
 
 The XHIth 
 
 Amendment and 
 its Adoption 
 Dec. 18, 1865 
 
 " The necessary cor 
 ollary to the Emanci 
 pation Proclamation. " 
 
 " The language of 
 the Amendment is 
 taken almost without 
 a change from the Or 
 dinance of 1787." 
 Thomas, 
 
 The first adoption of 
 a constitutional 
 Amendment for a pe 
 riod of sixty years. 
 
 The Atlantic 
 Telegraph 
 
 Anderson, 327, 328. 
 Elaine, i. 504-507, 535-539- 
 Eggleston, 359. 
 Fiske r Hist, of U.S., 394. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 193, 194, 195. 
 Johnston, 369. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 608. 
 Montgomery, 327. 
 Thomas, 333. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 259, 260. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 434-454. 
 
 Johnston, 366. 
 Montgomery, 330, 33 
 
Period of Reconstruction 
 
 The Atlantic 
 Telegraph 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 ( Pattern, ii. 1032. 
 I Richardson, 588, 589. 
 1 Sheldon, 403. 
 I Thomas, 338. 
 
 The Freedmen s 
 Bureau Bill 
 
 Blaine. ii. 163-172. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 394. 
 Higginson, 324. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 195. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 280, 281. 
 Patton, ii. 1035. 
 Thomas, 334. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 263, 264, 265. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 472-504. 
 
 The Civil Rights 
 Bill 
 
 " It conferred upon 
 the freed negro all the 
 civil rights enjoyed by 
 the white man, except 
 that of suffrage." 
 
 Blaine. 
 
 The XlVth 
 Amendment and 
 its Adoption 
 July 28, 1868 
 
 Making perma 
 nent the provisions of 
 the Civil Rights Bill." 
 
 Blaine, ii. 172-179. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 394. 
 Johnston, Hist, of Am. Politics, 199. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 478. 
 Montgomery, 327, Note ii. 
 Patton, ii. 1032, 1035. 
 Thomas, 334. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 264. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 685-696. 
 
 f Anderson, 328. 
 Blaine, ii. 245, 309, 310. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 394. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 199. 
 Johnston, 371, 372. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 608. 
 Montgomery, 328. 
 Patton, ii. 1043. 
 Thomas, 334. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 265, 269. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 647-660. 
 
114 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Reconstruction 
 Acts of 
 Congress and 
 Appointment 
 of Military 
 Governors for 
 the Seceded 
 States 
 
 The "Carpet- 
 Baggers" and 
 the "Ku-Klux 
 
 Purchase of 
 Alaska 1867 
 
 Next to the Louisi 
 ana purchase, the 
 largest acquirement of 
 territory in our his 
 tory. Price $7,200,- 
 ooo. 
 
 / Anderson, 328. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 250-262, 292-294, 296, 297. 
 Higginson, 324. 
 
 Johnston, Hist, of Am. Politics, 202, 203. 
 Johnston, 370, 371. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 551-554, 556. 
 Montgomery, 328. 
 Patton, ii. 1043, I 44- 
 Sheldon, 378, 379. 
 Thomas, 335. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 266-268. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 603-630. 
 
 ( Elaine, ii. 304, 305, 471-475. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 395, 399. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 212. 
 Johnston, 381, 382. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 354; ii. 680, 68 1 ; iii. 
 
 554- 
 
 Montgomery, 328, 329. 
 Patton, ii. 1054-1056. 
 Sheldon, 378, 404. 
 Thomas, 335, 336, 341, 342. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 268, 269, 274. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 631-646. 
 
 Anderson, 329. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 333-34. 
 
 Eggleston, 366. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 396. 
 
 Haswell, Text of Treaty, 939-942. 
 
 Higginson, 325, 326. 
 
 Johnston, 366. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 98. 
 
 Montgomery, 331. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1045. 
 
 Sheldon, 403. 
 
 Thomas, 338, 339. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 272. 
 
Period of Reconstruction 
 
 395 
 
 Impeachment of 
 the President 
 
 See Constitution 
 Art. I. Sect. 5; Art. 
 III. Sect. 6. 
 
 Anderson, 329. 
 Elaine, ii. 352-384. 
 Eggleston, 360. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S. 
 Higginson, 325. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 205, 206. 
 Johnston, 373. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 482-484. 
 Montgomery, 329. 
 Patton, ii. 1045. 
 Smith, Goldwin, 299. 
 Thomas, 336, 337. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 270, 271. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii. 
 
 733 734- 
 
 Nebraska admitted, 1867. 
 
 The French in 
 Mexico 
 
 Election of the 
 
 Eighteenth 
 
 President 
 
 Ulysses S. Grant 
 Reconstruction 
 
 the Great Issue 
 
 of the Campaign 
 
 Elaine, i. 595-600. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 396. 
 
 Johnston, 337, 366. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 834, 835. 
 
 Thomas, 339, 340. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. Hist., 272. 
 
 Anderson, 329, 330. 
 Elaine, ii. 385-391, 407-408. 
 Eggleston, 360. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 396. 
 Higginson, 326. 
 
 Johnston. Hist. Am. Politics, 207. 
 Johnston, 373. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 59, 60. 
 Montgomery, 332, Note iii. 
 Patton, ii. 1046. 
 Sheldon, 404. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 256-275. 
 Thomas, 337. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 271, 272. 
 Wilson, Rise and Fall of Slave Power, iii, 
 734, 735- 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 First Administration of U. S. Grant 1869-1873 
 
 Completion of the 
 Central Pacific 
 Railway The 
 First Trans- 
 Continental Line 
 
 XVth 
 
 Amendment to 
 the Constitution 
 Mar. 30, 1870 
 
 " It gave the negro 
 the right to vote." 
 
 The Treaty of 
 Washington 
 
 The Alabama 
 Claims and the 
 Geneva Award 
 
 Two Great Fires 
 
 Johnston, 378. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, 11.572; iii. 513, 514. 
 
 Montgomery, 332-334. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1047. 
 
 Sheldon, 397, 398. 
 x Thomas, 341 . 
 
 ( Elaine, ii. 465, 466. 
 
 Eggleston, 360. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 399. 
 
 Higginson, 326. 
 
 Johnston, Hist, of Am. Politics, 207, 208. 
 
 Johnston, 380. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 608. 
 
 Montgomery, 330. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1047, 1048. 
 
 Thomas, 342, 343. 
 ^Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 269, 270. 
 
 ( Anderson, 330-332. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 476-485, 493-502. 
 
 Eggleston, 352. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 398. 
 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 478-499. 
 
 Higginson, 326, 327. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 214. 
 
 Johnston, 375, 376. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 331-333- 
 
 Montgomery, 339. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1049-1053. 
 
 Sheldon, 379, 380. 
 
 Thomas, 345-347. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 278, 279. 
 
 ( Johnston, 378, 379. 
 J Montgomery, 336. 
 1 Patton, ii. 1057, 1058. 
 I Thomas, 347, 348. 
 
Period of Reconstruction 
 
 117 
 
 The Credit Mobilier 
 Bribery of 
 Members of 
 Congress by the 
 Union Pacific 
 Railroad 
 Company 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 219, 220. 
 Johnston, 382, 383. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 709; iii. 513. 
 Montgomery, 333. 
 Sheldon, 404. 
 Thomas, 351, 352. 
 v Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 279, 280. 
 
 Re-election of 
 President 
 Grant 
 
 Anderson, 332. 
 Elaine, ii. 516-536. 
 Eggleston, 361. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 400. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 217-221. 
 Johnston, 383. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 60. 
 Patton, ii. 1064. 
 Sheldon, 404. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 276-301 
 Thomas, 348, 349. 
 v Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 281, 282. 
 
 Second Administration of U. S. Grant 1873-1877 
 
 Financial Panic ( , . 
 
 of 1873 Blame, 11. 561. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 400, 401. 
 
 Johnston, 377. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1000. 
 
 Montgomery, 377. 
 
 p atton> ft. IO rg. 
 
 35. 
 
 "A necessary con- 
 sequence of the spec- 
 ulation and over-pro- 
 duction incited by the 
 
 f 
 
 The Resumption 
 Act 
 
 ( Elaine, ii. 563-565. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 403. 
 
 Higginson, 338, 339. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 227. 
 
 Johnston, 390, 391. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 195 ; iii. 1000. 
 ^ Montgomery, 342, 343. 
 
Handbook of American History 
 
 The Resumption 
 Act 
 
 ( Continued) 
 
 ( Patton, ii. 1060. 
 
 ) Thomas, 354. 
 
 (^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 280. 
 
 Colorado admitted, 1876. The " Centennial State. 1 
 
 The Centennial 
 Exposition 
 Pniladelphia 
 1876 
 
 " They are mile 
 stones of progress." 
 Blanqui. 
 
 Two Indian Wars 
 The Modoc 
 and the Sioux 
 
 Election of the 
 Nineteenth 
 President 
 Rutherford 
 B. Hayes 
 
 Anderson, 332, 333. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 401. 
 
 Higginson, 330, 331. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 230, 231. 
 
 Johnston, 379, 380. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 140. 
 
 Montgomery, 337, 338. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1063, 1064. 
 
 Sheldon, 405. 
 
 Thomas, 354, 355. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 286, 287. 
 
 Eggleston, 367-370. 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 401. 
 Johnston, 379. 
 Montgomery, 339. 
 Patton, ii. 1061, 1062. 
 Sheldon, 404, 405. 
 ^ Thomas, 349, 350, 355. 
 
 Anderson, 336. 
 Elaine, ii. 567-582. 
 Eggleston, 361 . 
 Fiske, Hist. ofU.S., 401-403. 
 Higginson, 331-333- 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 231-234. 
 Johnston, 384. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 60. 
 Montgomery, 340, Note. 
 Patton, ii. 1069, 1070. 
 Sheldon, 405. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 306-331 
 Thomas, 356-358. 
 ^Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 283-285. 
 
Period of Reconstruction 
 
 119 
 
 The Disputed 
 Election and 
 the Electoral 
 Commission 
 
 ( Anderson, 337. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 582-589. 
 
 Eggleston, 361, 362. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 402, 403. 
 
 Higginson, 333, 334. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 234-237. 
 
 Johnston, 385, 386. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, i. 786, 808; ii. 50-53. 
 
 Montgomery, 340, Note. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1070. 
 
 Sheldon, 405. 
 
 Stanvvood, Presidential Elections, 332-344. 
 
 Thomas, 358-359. 
 v Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 285, 286. 
 
 Withdrawal of 
 Troops from 
 the Southern 
 States 
 
 Administration of Rutherford B. Hayes 1877-1881 
 
 ( Anderson, 337. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 595, 596. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 403. 
 
 Higginson, 335. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 238. 
 
 Johnston, 387. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1000. 
 
 Montgomery, 340. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1073. 
 
 Thomas, 361. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 286. 
 
 The Bland 
 Silver Bill 
 remonetizes 
 Silver 
 
 Elaine, ii. 602-610. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 239, 240. 
 Johnston, 390. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 602, 603. 
 Montgomery, 342, Note iii. 
 Patton, ii. 1073. 
 Thomas, 362. 
 I, Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 291, 292, 
 
I2O 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 The Mississippi 
 Jetties 
 
 (Johnston, 389. 
 
 ) Montgomery, 341, 342. 
 
 (^ Thomas, 364. 
 
 The Fisheries 
 Commission 
 and the 
 Halifax Award 
 
 Arranged for by the 
 Treaty of 1871 with 
 Great Britain. 
 
 ( Elaine, ii. 631-637. 
 
 Haswell, Treaties and Conventions, 487. 
 488. 
 
 Johnston, 376. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, in. 943. 
 
 Montgomery, 339, Note ii. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1074. 
 
 Thomas, 347. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 278. 
 
 Specie Payments 
 resumed 
 Jan. i, 1879 
 after nearly 
 Eighteen Years 
 of Paper 
 Currency 
 
 Election of the 
 Twentieth 
 President 
 James A. 
 Garfield 
 Chester A. 
 Arthur 
 Vice-President 
 
 Anderson, 338. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 610, 6n. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 403. 
 
 Higginson, 338, 339. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 241. 
 
 Johnston, 390, 391. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 602, 1000. 
 
 Montgomery, 342, 343. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1074. 
 
 Thomas, 364, 365. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 280, 281. 
 
 f Anderson, 339. 
 
 Elaine, ii. 657-670. 
 
 Eggleston, 362. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S. 404. 
 
 Higginson, 340, 341. 
 
 Johnston, History of Am. Politics, 244-246. 
 
 Johnston, 392. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 60, 326, 327. 
 
 Montgomery, 343. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1076, 1082. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 354-374. 
 
 Thomas, 365. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 288. 
 
Period of Reconstruction \ 2 1 
 
 Summary of the Period of Reconstruction 1865-1881 
 
 Succession of Vice-President Andrew John 
 son. 
 
 Establishment of Provisional Governments 
 in the Seceded States. 
 
 Adoption of the Xlllth Amendment to the 
 Constitution. 
 
 C The Atlantic Telegraph Cable. 
 
 1866 ) The Freedmen s Bureau Bill. 
 (The Civil Rights Bill. 
 
 ( Purchase of Alaska. 
 The Reconstruction Acts of Congress. 
 
 1867 "\ The French in Mexico. 
 
 Impeachment of President Johnson. 
 ^ Nebraska Admitted. 
 
 ( The Carpet- Baggers. 
 
 1868 I Adoption of the XlVth Amendment to the 
 j Constitution. 
 
 [ Election of Ulysses S. Grant. 
 
 g,- ( Inauguration of President Grant. 
 
 \ Completion of the Central Pacific Railway. 
 
 J Adoption of the XVth Amendment to the 
 
 7 \ Constitution. 
 
 f The Treaty of Washington. 
 
 1871 ) The Great Fire at Chicago. 
 ( The Credit Mobilier. 
 
 ( Reelection of President Grant. 
 
 1872 1 The Modoc Indian War. 
 ( The Great Fire at Boston. 
 
 1873 Financial Panic. 
 1875 The Resumption Act. 
 
122 Handbook of American History 
 
 ( Colorado Admitted. 
 
 I The Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia. 
 l8 7 \ The Sioux Indian War. 
 
 [ The Election of Rutherford B. Hayes. 
 
 ( The Disputed Election and Electoral Com- 
 
 1877 < mission. 
 
 ^Withdrawal of Troops from the South. 
 
 ( The Bland Silver Bill. 
 
 1878 < The Mississippi Jetties. 
 (The Halifax Award. 
 
 1879 Specie Payments resumed. 
 
 ( Election of James A. Garfield and Chester 
 A. Arthur. 
 
Period of Recent Growth 
 
 123 
 
 PERIOD OF RECENT GROWTH 1881-1889 
 
 The Assassination 
 of President 
 Garfield and 
 the Succession 
 of President 
 Arthur 
 
 "The President s 
 assassination served at 
 least one useful pur 
 pose : it threw a vivid 
 light upon the evils of 
 the American system 
 of appointments to, 
 and removals from, 
 office." Johnston. 
 
 Anderson, 340. 
 
 Blame, ii. 6/6. 
 
 Eggleston, 362. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 406. 
 
 Higginson, 341, 342. 
 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 247. 
 
 Johnston, 394. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, ii. 326, 327. 
 
 Montgomery, 343. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1082-1092. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 375 
 
 Thomas, 366. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 289. 
 
 Administration of Chester A. Arthur 1881-1885 
 
 The Yorktown 
 Centennial 
 
 The Edmunds 
 Anti-Polygamy 
 Bill 
 
 f Johnston, 395. 
 ) Patton, ii. 1096. 
 (^Thomas, 370, 371. 
 
 ( Johnston, 395. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 1044. 
 < Sheldon, 405. 
 
 Thomas, 367. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 297, 
 
 1 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 406. 
 Johnston, Hist. Am. Politics, 247. 
 Johnston, 394, 395. 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 485. 
 Montgomery, 344. 
 
124 
 
 Handbook of American History 
 
 Civil Service 
 under President 
 Arthur 
 
 ( Continued} 
 
 Fatten, ii. 1097, 1104, 1105. 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 376. 
 Thomas, 367, 368. 
 Wilson, Epochs American History, 293. 
 
 The Tariff 
 Commission, and 
 the Revision 
 of 1883 
 
 "The first general 
 revision since the 
 war." Taussig. 
 
 Johnston, 396. 
 
 Lalor, Cyclopaedia, iii. 866, 867. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1102-1 104. 
 
 Taussig, History of the Tariff, 230-258. 
 
 Thomas, 368, 369. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 290, 291 
 
 Election of the 
 Twenty-Second 
 President 
 Grover Cleveland ) 
 
 Protection -vs. Free 
 Trade the one great 
 issue of the Campaign. 
 
 Anderson, 341. 
 
 Eggleston, 363. 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 406. 
 
 Higginson, 343. 
 
 Johnston, 396, 397. 
 
 Montgomery, 349. 
 
 Patton. ii. mo. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 384-411 
 
 Thomas, 373, 374- 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 289. 
 
 First Administration of Grover Cleveland 1885-1889 
 
 Act for the 
 Presidential 
 Succession 
 
 " Johnston, 399. 
 Montgomery, 354, Note i. 
 Patton, ii. 1125. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 412-414 
 Thomas, 375, 376. 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 296, 297. 
 
 The Inter-State 
 Commerce Act 
 
 / Johnston, 399. 
 
 Montgomery, 354. 
 \ Patton, ii. 1126, 1127. 
 
 Thomas, 376. 
 ^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 294-296. 
 
Period of Recent Growth 
 
 12$ 
 
 The Act for the 
 Counting of 
 Electoral Votes 
 
 The Principle em 
 bodied in this act was 
 the rule acted upon by 
 the Electoral Commis 
 sion that seated Presi 
 dent Hayes. 
 
 The Chinese 
 Exclusion Act 
 
 Labor Troubles 
 and Anarchists 
 
 Election of the 
 Twenty-Third 
 President 
 Benj. Harrison 
 Nov. 1888 
 
 Close of the First 
 Century of our 
 Constitutional 
 History 1889 
 
 Johnston, 399. 
 
 Montgomery, 354. 
 
 Fatten, ii. 1126. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 415-419. 
 
 Thomas, 376. 
 
 Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 296. 
 
 ( Johnston, 391, 398. 
 J Montgomery, 354. 
 1 Thomas, 376, 377. 
 (Wilson, Epochs Am. 
 
 History, 297. 
 
 (Johnston, 397, 398. 
 ) Montgomery, 351, 352. 
 (Thomas, 377 379- 
 
 Fiske, Hist, of U.S., 407. 
 
 Johnston, 400. 
 
 Montgomery, 355, Note iii. 
 
 Patton, ii. 1 127, 1 128. 
 
 Stanwood, Presidential Elections, 421-439. 
 
 Thomas, 381, 382. 
 
 ( Johnston, 400, 402, 403. 
 
 ) Montgomery, 359. 
 
 1 Patton, ii. 1139, 1140. 
 
 (^ Wilson, Epochs Am. History, 298, 299. 
 
126 Handbook of American History 
 
 Summary of Period of Recent Growth 1881-1889 
 
 1880 Inauguration of President Garfield. 
 
 ( Assassination of President Garfield and the 
 
 1881 < Succession of President Arthur. 
 (/.Trie Yorktown Centennial. 
 
 1882 The Edmunds Anti-Polygamy Bill. 
 
 f Civil Service Act. 
 
 1883 < The Tariff Commission and Revision of 
 ( 1883. 
 
 1884 Election of Grover Cleveland. 
 
 1885 Inauguration of President Cleveland. 
 
 1886 Act for the Presidential Succession. 
 
 gg J Inter-State Commerce Act. 
 
 7 \ Act for the Counting of Electoral Votes. 
 
 f The Chinese Exclusion Act. 
 
 1888 ) Labor Troubles and Anarchists. 
 
 (^ Election of Benjamin Harrison. 
 
 1889 
 
 Close of the First Century of Constitutional 
 History. 
 
 41 THE EQUILIBRIUM OF PARTIES TEMPERS POLITICAL ACTION, AND THE 
 
 PRESENCE OF NEW PROBLEMS OJJICKENS SOBER THOUGHT, AND DISPOSES THE 
 NATION TO CAREFUL DEBATE OF ITS FUTURE." 
 
 Woodroiv Wilson. 
 
PARTY RECORDS IN AMERICAN HISTORY 
 
 " To the close of the Administration of Benjamin Harrison, 
 a period of 104 years of our National Life under the Consti 
 tution, political power has been placed for exactly equal periods, 
 52 years, with the Democratic and Republican Parties, or their 
 predecessors in pedigree." 
 
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 llll 
 
 Support of the "Ameri 
 can System " of Protec 
 tion, and Internal Im 
 provements. 
 
 C 
 
 23 3 " 
 
 PI 
 
 J. 5 2, P" tT 
 
 Prohibition of the Manu 
 facture and Sale of In 
 toxicants. 
 
 Nativism, or Opposition 
 to the Alien. 
 
 The Non - extension of 
 Slavery to Territories. | 
 
 Liberal Construction of 
 the Powers of the Con- 
 stitution, and Liberal 
 Support of the National 
 Government. 
 
 Lenient toward Slavery. 
 Opposed to Large Na 
 tional Powers. Favors 
 Free Trade or Revenue 
 Tariff. 
 
 Lenience toward State 
 Authority. 
 
 Strict Construction of the 
 Powers of the Consti 
 tution, and Support of 
 State Governments. 
 
 Special or Distinctive 
 Principle of Party 
 Platjorms, 
 
NDEX 
 
 Act for Counting the Electoral 
 
 Vote 13S 
 
 Adams, John, Election of J2 
 
 Adams, John, Death of 43 
 
 Adams, John Quincy, Election of. 
 
 Addresses, Newburgh 
 
 Admission of New States 
 
 Aggressions on Neutral Trade . . 
 
 Alabama Admitted 
 
 Alabama and Kearsarge, Duel of . 
 
 Alabama Claims 
 
 Alaska, Purchase of 
 
 Algerine War 
 
 Alien and Sedition Acts 
 
 Amendment, The XI Ith 
 
 Amendment, The XHIth, to the 
 
 Constitution 
 
 Amendment, The XlVth, to the 
 
 Constitution 
 
 Amendment, The X Vth, to the Con 
 stitution I; 6 
 
 American Party 74 
 
 American System 30 
 
 Anarchists I2 ^ 
 
 Antietam, Battle of qc 
 
 Anti- Federalist Party 8 
 
 Anti- Polygamy Bill 12 i 
 
 Anti-Slavery Movement .... 
 
 ij 
 
 PAGK 
 
 Banking, National IQI 
 
 Barbary States, Subjection of ... 33 
 
 Barbary Wars is 
 
 Battle, "First, of tiie Ironclads . . . 92 
 
 Berlin Decrees 22 
 
 Black Hawk War 4 g 
 
 Bland Silver Bill iJ 9 
 
 Boundary, The Northwest . . 
 British Orders in Council . . . 
 Brown, John, his Raid .... 
 Buchanan, James, Election of. 
 
 Buffalo Convention 
 
 Bull Run, First Battle of ... 
 Bull Run, Second Battle of . . 
 Burns, Anthony, Case of ... 
 Burnside at Kredericksburg . . 
 Burr, Duel of, with Hamilton 
 
 :,. 
 
 
 
 Anti-Slavery Revolt . 
 
 Anti-Slavery Society 
 
 Appomattox, Surrender at .... 
 
 Arkansas Admitted 
 
 Arthur, Chester A., his Succession, 
 
 Articles of Confederation 
 
 Ashburton Treaty 59 
 
 Assassination of President Lincoln, 1 10 
 Assassination of President Garneld, 1 23 
 Assumption of State Debts .... 9 
 
 Baltimore, Attack on 30 
 
 Bank Deposits, Removal of .... 50 
 Bank, Incorporation of the First . o 
 
 Cabinet, The First 
 California Admitted 
 Call to Arms, The 
 
 Campaigns of war of 1812 . . . . : 
 
 Campaign of 1862 in the West . . . 
 
 Capitol, Establishment of, at Wash 
 ington 
 
 Caroline Affair 
 
 Carpet-Baggers 
 
 Cedar Creek, Battle of 
 
 Cedar Mountain, Battle of 
 
 Centennial Exposition of 1876 . . . 
 
 Century, Close of the First . . . . 
 
 Chancellorsville, Battle of 
 
 Charleston Convention ...... 
 
 Chattanooga, Battle of 
 
 Chesapeake Outrage 
 
 Chesapeake, Loss of the 
 
 Chickamauga, Battle of 
 
 Chinese Exclusion Act 
 
 Chippewa. Battle of . . . 
 
 Civil Rights Bill 
 
 Civil Service under President Ar 
 thur . 
 
 Clay, Death and Character of ! 
 
132 
 
 Index 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Cleveland, Election of 124 
 
 Colorado Admitted 118 
 
 Commanders, The new 102 
 
 Compromise of 1850 69 
 
 Compromise Tariff 50 
 
 Compiomises in Constitution ... 5 
 
 Confederation, Articles of .... i 
 
 Confederation, Defects of .... i 
 
 Confederate Cruisers 106 
 
 Confederate Government, Estab 
 lishment of 87 
 
 Conspiracy of Aaron Burr .... 21 
 
 Constitution, Compromises in ... 5 
 
 Constitution, Ratification of ... 5 
 
 Constitution, Sources of 4 
 
 Convention, Constitutional .... 3 
 
 Convention, The Hartford .... 31 
 Correspondence of Webster and 
 
 Hiilseman 71 
 
 Cotton Gin 10 
 
 Credit Mobilier 117 
 
 Creek Indians 41 
 
 Crittenden Compromise 85 
 
 Cuban Filibusters 71 
 
 Cumberland Road . 39 
 
 PAGE 
 
 107 
 "S 
 
 Deaths of Adams and Jefferson . 
 Decatur s Exploit . . .... 
 
 Democratic Party, Split in ... 
 Disorders in the States .... 
 
 Dissatisfaction in New England 
 
 Division of Parties 
 
 Dorr s Rebellion 
 
 Draft and Draft Riots 
 
 Dred Scott Decision 
 
 Duel of Burr and Hamilton . . . 
 Duels, Four Great Ship 
 
 Edmunds Anti-Polygamy Bill . 
 Election of Washington .... 
 Election of John Adams .... 
 Election of Thomas Jefferson . . 
 Election of Tames Madison . . . 
 Election of James Monroe . . . . 
 Election of John Quincy Adams 
 Election of Andrew Jackson . . 
 Election of Martin Van Buren . 
 Election of Wm. Henry Harrison 
 
 Election of John Tyler 
 
 Election of James K. Polk . . . 
 Election of Zachary Taylor . . . 
 Election of Millard Fillmore . . 
 Election of Franklin Pierce . . 
 Election of James Buchanan . . 
 Election of Abraham Lincoln . 
 
 59 
 
 JOI 
 
 80 
 20 
 28 
 
 123 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 iS 
 2 5 
 34 
 42 
 
 H 
 
 i* 
 
 Election of Andrew Johnson 
 
 Election of Ulysses S. Grant . . . 
 
 Election of Rutherford B. Hayes . 
 
 Election of James A. Garfield . . . 
 
 Election of Chester A. Arthur . . 
 
 Election of Grover Cleveland . 
 
 Election of Benjamin Harrison . . 
 
 Election, The Disputed 119 
 
 .... 119 
 .... 98 
 
 120 
 120 
 12 4 
 
 I2 5 
 
 Electoral Commission 
 Emancipation 
 
 Embargo 23 
 
 England s Aggressions on Neutral 
 
 Trade ... 33 
 
 Era of Good Feeling 39 
 
 Erie Canal 40 
 
 Essex, The Cruise of the 30 
 
 Establishment of the New Govern 
 ment 7 
 
 Ether first used 60 
 
 Excise, The First 9 
 
 Farragnt s Capture of New Orleans, 
 Farragut s Battle of Mobile Bay . 
 
 Federalist, The 
 
 Federalist Party 
 
 Federalist Party, Downfall of . . 
 Filibuster Expedition to Cuba . . 
 Fillmore, Millard, Election of . . 
 Final Reviews and Disbanding of 
 
 the Armies of 1805 . ..... 
 
 Financial Measures of Hamilton . 
 
 Fires, Two Great 
 
 Fisheries Commission 
 
 Fisher s Hill, Battle of 
 
 Florida, Purchase of 
 
 Florida Admitted 
 
 Fort Donelson, Capture of .... 
 
 Fort Henry, Capture of 
 
 France, Troubles with ...... 
 
 Franklin, Battle of 
 
 Fredericksburg, Battle of 
 
 Freedmen s Bureau Bill 
 
 Free-Soil Party, Formation of . . . 
 Fremont s Campaign in California, 
 French Revolution, Influence on 
 
 American Politics 
 
 French Spoliation Claims 
 
 French, The, in Mexico 
 
 Friction Matches 
 
 Fugitive Slave Law 
 
 Fulton, Robert, his Steamboat . . 
 Funding Bill 
 
 Gadsden Purchase 
 Garfield, Election of 
 
Index 
 
 33 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Garfield, Assassination of 123 
 
 Garrison, Wm. Lloyd 51 
 
 Genet, Citizen 10 
 
 Geneva Award 116 
 
 Georgia and the Creek Indians . . 42 
 
 Gettysburg, Battle of 99 
 
 Ghent. Treaty of . . . 32 
 
 Gold, Discovery of 67 
 
 Grant, Appointed Lieut. -Gen. . . . 102 
 
 Grant, his Campaign to the James, 103 
 
 Grant, his Final Campaign .... 109 
 
 Grant, Election of 115 
 
 Grant, Reelection of 117 
 
 Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty of . . 66 
 
 H 
 
 Halifax Award 120 
 
 Hamilton, Financial Measures of . 9 
 
 Hamilton, Duel of, with Burr ... 20 
 
 Harrison, Benjamin, Election of 125 
 
 Harrison, Win. Henry, Election of, 56 
 
 Hartford Convention 31 
 
 Hayes, Rutherford B., Election of, 118 
 
 Hood s Sortie to Tennessee .... 105 
 
 Hooker at Chancellorsville .... 98 
 
 Hull s Surrender 28 
 
 I 
 
 Illinois Admitted 36 
 
 Impeachment of President Johnson, 115 
 
 Independence of Texas 52 
 
 Independent Treasury 54 
 
 India Rubber 55 
 
 Indiana Admitted . . 34 
 
 Indian Wars, The Blackhawk and 
 
 Osceola 48 
 
 Indian Wars, The Modoc and the 
 
 Sioux 118 
 
 Internal Improvements 39 
 
 Inter-State Commerce Act .... 124 
 
 Iowa Admitted . 63 
 
 Ironclads, First Battle of 92 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, Victory at New 
 Orleans ............ 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, Election of . . 
 ay. Treaty of .......... 
 efferson. Thomas, Election and In 
 auguration of .......... 
 
 Jefferson, Thomas, Retirement of . 
 Jefferson, Thomas, Death of ... 
 Jefferson. Thomas, Character of . . 
 Jetties, The Mississippi ...... 
 
 Johnson, Andrew, Election of . . . 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 18 
 24 
 43 
 24 
 120 
 107 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Johnson, Andrew, Impeachment of, 115 
 Johnston, Surrender of 109 
 
 K 
 
 Kansas-Nebraska Bill 73 
 
 Kansas, The Struggle for 75 
 
 Kansas, The Topeka and Lecomp- 
 
 ton Constitutions So 
 
 Kansas Admitted 85 
 
 Kearney s Campaign in New Mex 
 ico 64 
 
 Kentucky Admitted 8 
 
 Kitchen Cabinet, The 47 
 
 Know- Nothing or American Party, 74 
 
 Ku-KluxKlans 114 
 
 Labor Troubles 125 
 
 Lafayette, Visit of 41 
 
 Lee s Campaign against Pope . . 95 
 
 Lee s Invasion of Maryland . ... 95 
 
 Lee s Second Invasion of" Maryland, 99 
 
 Lee s Surrender at Appomattox . 109 
 
 Legal-Tender Act . 101 
 
 Leopard and Chesapeake, Affair of, 23 
 
 Lewis and Clarke Expedition ... 20 
 
 Lincoln-Douglas Debates 82 
 
 Lincoln, Election of 84 
 
 Lincoln, President 87 
 
 Lincoln, Reelection of . 107 
 
 Lincoln, Second Inauguration of . 108 
 
 Lincoln, Character of. no 
 
 Lincoln. Assassination of no 
 
 Lines of Division between Slave 
 
 and Free Territory 36 
 
 Literature, American 52 
 
 Locomotive, Introduction of ... 51 
 
 Log-rolling, First Case of .... 15 
 
 Louisiana, Purchase of 19 
 
 Louisiana, Admitted 27 
 
 Lundy s Lane, Battle of 30 
 
 M 
 
 MacDonough s Victory 31 
 
 Madison, Election of 25 
 
 Maine Admitted ......... 37 
 
 March, Sherman s, from Atlanta to 
 
 the Sea .... 105 
 
 Mexican War in General 63 
 
 Michigan Admitted 53 
 
 Milan Decree 22 
 
 Minnesota Admitted 82 
 
 Mississippi Admitted 34 
 
 Mississippi Jetties 120 
 
 Mississippi, Reopening of the . . 100 
 
34 
 
 Index 
 
 Missouri Compromise 
 Missouri Admitted . 
 
 PAGE 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 A 
 
 9* 
 34 
 
 Missouri Compromise, Repeal of, 
 
 Mobile Bay, Battle of 
 
 Monitor and Merrimac 
 
 Monroe, Election of 
 
 Monroe Doctrine 
 
 Mormons, The 60 
 
 Mormons, Rebellion of, *S$f ... 82 
 
 Morrill Tariff of 1861 86 
 
 Murfreesboro, Battle of 93 
 
 N 
 
 Nashville, Battle of . 105 
 
 National Bank, Jackson s Hostil 
 ity to .... 49 
 
 National Banking System 101 
 
 Nebraska Admitted 115 
 
 Nevada Admitted , 104 
 
 Newburgh Addresses 2 
 
 New Orleans, Battle of . ..... 32 
 
 New Orleans, Capture of by Far- 
 
 ragut 93 
 
 Northwest Boundary, Temporary 
 
 Settlement of 38 
 
 Northwest Territory 3 
 
 Nullification and Calhoun . 40 
 
 Office, Removals from 48 
 
 Ohio Admitted 19 
 
 Omnibus Bill 69 
 
 Ordinance of 1787 3 
 
 Oregon Discovery 20 
 
 Oregon Boundary Dispute .... 61 
 
 Oregon Admitted 83 
 
 Osceola . 48 
 
 Ostend Manifesto 75 
 
 Pacific Railroad, The Central . . . 116 
 
 Panama Congress, Attempt at a . . 42 
 
 Panic of 1837 54 
 
 Panic of 1857 Sl 
 
 Panic of 1873 117 
 
 Parties, Division of 8 
 
 Peninsula Campaign 94 
 
 Perry s Japan Expedition 71 
 
 Perryville, Battle of 93 
 
 Perry s Victory 30 
 
 Personal Liberty and Homestead 
 
 Laws Si 
 
 Petersburg, Nine Months Siege of, 103 
 
 Petition, Right of 55 
 
 Petroleum Discovered 84 
 
 Pierce, Franklin, Administration of, 73 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Policy of Hesitation 85 
 
 Polk, Tames K., Election of . .- . . 61 
 President, Change in the Mode of 
 
 Electing 19 
 
 PresidentLincoln 87 
 
 Presidential Nominations 43 
 
 Presidential Succession, Act for . 124 
 Provisional Governments, Estab 
 lishment of . .112 
 
 Queenstown, Battle of 28 
 
 Railway System, Introduction of . 51 
 
 Ratification of Constitution . ... 5 
 
 Reams Station, Battle of 104 
 
 Rebellion, Shays 2 
 
 Reconstruction Acts of Congress . 114 
 
 Removal of the Bank Deposits . . 50 
 
 Republican Party, Rise of .... 76 
 Resumption of Specie Payments, 117, 120 
 
 Riots, Slavery 55 
 
 Savannah, Capture of 105 
 
 Scott s Campaign in Central Mex 
 ico 65 
 
 Secession of the Seven Cotton 
 
 States 84 
 
 Secession of Four Other States . . 89 
 
 Second Bull Run, Battle of. . . 95 
 
 Sedition Acts 14 
 
 Seminole War 37 
 
 Sewing Machine Patented .... 62 
 
 Shays Rebellion 2 
 
 Sheridan s Campaign against 
 
 Early 104 
 
 Sherman, Commands Army of the 
 
 West 102 
 
 Sherman s Campaign from Chatta 
 nooga to Atlanta 104 
 
 Sherman s March from Atlanta to 
 
 the Sea 105 
 
 Sherman s March from Savannah 
 
 to Bentonville 100 
 
 Shiloh, Battle of 93 
 
 Slave Trade Forbidden ...... 24 
 
 Slavery Asjitation, Beginnings of . 36 
 
 Slavery Riots 55 
 
 Specie Payments Resumed . ... 120 
 
 Squatter Sovereignty 73 
 
 States, Admission of 8 
 
 Sub-Treasury, The 54 
 
 Summary of Critical Period .... 6 
 Summary of Period of Federalist 
 
 Supremacy 16 
 
Index 
 
 135 
 
 PAGE ! PAGE 
 
 Summary of the Period of Republi- Tippecanoe, Battle of 27 
 
 can supremacy 25 j Topeka and Lecompton Constitu- 
 
 Summary of the Period of Foreign tions 80 
 
 War 35 ! Treaty ofjay u 
 
 Summary of the Period of National | Treaty of Ghent 32 
 
 Growth 45 I Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ... 66 
 
 Summary of the Period of Critical Treaty of \Vashington 59, 120 
 
 Change 57 i Trent, Affair of the . 91 
 
 Summary of the Period of Slavery ] Troops, Withdrawal of, from South- 
 Agitation 77 : ern States 119 
 
 Summary of the Period of Seces- i Tyler, Election of 56 
 
 sion and Civil War 85 
 
 Summary of Events of 1861 .... 91 \j 
 
 Summary of Events of 1862 .... 97 , 
 
 Summary of Events of 1863 .... 102 Uncle Tom s Cabin 72 
 
 Summary of Events of 1864 .... 107 
 
 Summary of Events of 1865 .... in y 
 
 Summary of the Period of Recon- 
 
 struction 121 Vaccination introduced 15 
 
 Summary of the Period of Recent Van Buren, Election of 53 
 
 Growth 126 Vermont Admitted 8 
 
 Sumner, Charles, Assault on ... 76 Vicksburg, Siege and Capture of . 100 
 
 Sumter. Fall of 88 Virginia and Kentucky Resolu- 
 
 Surrender of Hull 28 tions 14 
 
 Surrender of Lee 109 
 
 Surrender of Johnston 109 ^y 
 
 T ; War of 1812, Causes of 27 
 
 War of the Rebellion, Cost of . . . in 
 
 Tariff, First Protective 33 i War Measures of Special Session 
 
 Tariff of 1824. 40 i of Congress, iS6i oo 
 
 Tariff of Abominations 44 Washington, Administrations of . 7-12 
 
 Tariff Compromise of 1833 -5 Washington, Inauguration of . . . 7 
 
 Tariff of 1842 58 ! Washington, Farewell Address of, 12 
 
 Tariff of 1846 66 Washington, Death of 15 
 
 Tariff of 1857 Si Washington City, Attack on ... 30 
 
 Tariff of 1861 .... 86 , Webster-Hayne Debate 47 
 
 Tariff Revision of 1883 124 j Webster, Correspondence of, with 
 
 Tariff Commission 124 i HUlsemnnn 71 
 
 Taylor s Campaign n Northern I Webster-Ashburton Treaty .... 59 
 
 Mexico 63 j Webster s Seventh of March 
 
 Taylor, Election of 68 Speech 69 
 
 Tecumseh 27 | Webster, Death of 72 
 
 Tecumseh, Death of . ....... 29 ! West Virginia Admitted 97 
 
 Telegraph, The First Electric . . 60 Whig Party, Death of . ...... 72 
 
 Telegraph, The Atlantic 112 Whiskey Insurrection 9 
 
 Tennessee Admitted 8 Wilmot Proviso 65 
 
 Tennessee Campaign of 1863 . . . 100 Winchester, Battle of 104 
 
 Texas, Independence of 52 Wisconsin Admitted 67 
 
 Texas Annexation 58 
 
 Texas Boundary Dispute 62 
 
 Texas Admitted 62 
 
 Thames, Battle of the 29 Yorktown Centennial 123 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY