A60-321~10M-L TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION AGRICULTURAL‘ AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS W. B. BIZZELL, President- BULLETIN NO. 276 FEBRUARY, 1921 DIVISION OF AGRONOMY CQRN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS A SUBSTATION NO. 3, IIgRfC ANGLETON, TEXAS CW 77% I 5350 4L (Q F Aygc “l/QFCQVYCQ R49}, ‘ E "t;.§i-yl‘ B. YOUNGBLOOD, DIRECTOR, acumen smcrxon, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS STATION STAFFT ADMINISTRATION ENTOMOLOGY B. Youncsnoon, M. 9.. Director M~ c- ThNQuAmlv Ph- D» ch54? 57"" 3"!" c .A. F .611 e c1 k mvlvwt LBS? wAnaifLSilizzretary f er l. J. REiNnAnn, B. S., Entomologist -.- A. D. JACKSON, Executive Assistant L- R- WATSON- A- M" Apiarisl , CHARLES 3050mm Technim] Axsismn; C. S. RUDE, B. S., Assistant Entomologist M. P. HOLLEMAN, Jn., Assistant Chief Clerk AGRONOMY yETERINARY SCIENCE A. B. CONNER, B. S., Chief; Crops _ ' _ . . . EIDIGH, . ., gronomis , ois v1 Fame» D v M Chief A H L B s A ‘.5 ' PT. Scmumr, i). V. Veterinarian EIEJGEEYNOLDS’ M‘ S" Aar°“°m"t' Small D. H. BENNETT. V. M. D.,Veterinarian E_ W. GEYER B. S‘ Aaronoml-d. Farm s ' t a t ’ ’ CEEEgIIISITRY Ph D Ch. I Sta‘ ch _ "Sgggvlg gloncirslrocx, B. S., Seed Analyst - - “APS- - -~ M i ¢ ‘"1"’ PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY S. E. AsBURY, M. S., Assistant Chemist - §_ llgoléANlTz’élssnAAssiitargcglhemisl J. J. TAUBENHAUS, Ph. D., Chief . . urrn, . ., ssis an emist WALDO WALKER, Assistant Chemist FEFEDDFIQUIYLTEIS HOBTICULTURE S. D. PEARCE, Executive Secretary H_ N , M_ s" Ch- FORESTRY w_ Sfzilso-rcnxlss, ;5f,{,,,-cu,,u,,-,, ' E. O. SIECKE, B. S., Chief: State Forester ANIMAL INDUSTRY PI-‘NT BREEDING ch. L Jgmzfi’ A- M" Chief; Sheep and Goat .................. ......... ie] noes iga ions flbMaSnEnwoon, B. S., Poultry Hus- FA:%_ gfirglflcfil-Efonomlcs an man . . .. _ G. R_ WARREN, B. S". Animal Hus-burnt J. W. ELLIorr, B. S., Graduate Assistant man in Charge of %wi_ne gwegtiggtions sqgwsgngisii C .............................. .., airy us an man . _ , J _, B, S" 1|‘ R. A. BREWER, B. S., Assistant Animal Hus- T. M. BUSggllliii, BR. S., Soil Sulreo/eyor bandman, Sheep and Goat Investigations H. W. HAWKER. Soil Surveyor SUBSTATIONS Ho. l. Beeville, Bee County _ Ho. 7. Spur, Dickens County l- E- COWART. M- 5-. Superintendent R. E. DICKSON, B. S., Superintendent . No. 8. Lubbock, Lubbock County m“ T'°“p' 8mm‘ Cum“ R. E. KARPER, B. S., Superintendent W. S. HOTCHKISS, Superintendent _ No. 9. Pecos, Reeves County lie-leis. alleles»:grgfogzpgegnzrlden! V. L. CORY, B. S., Superintendent No. l0. College Station, Brazos County Ho. l. Beaumont, Jefferson County (Feedill! 811d Bwlitlilll 3110011100» A. H. PRINCE, B. S., Superintendent L. J. MCCALL, Superintendent No. 11. Nacogdoches, Nacoldochol Count: G. T. MCNESS, Superintendent "No. 12. Chillicothe, Hardemnn County ‘m ‘_ Danton, Demon Count, A. B. Cnon, B. S., Superintendent c- H- MCDOWELL- B- S" Supcrinundem No. 14. Sonora, Sutton-Edward! Countloo E. M. Pia-runs, B. S., Superintendent I0. l. Temple, Bell County ' ' D. T. KILLOUGH, B. S., Superintendent me of “February l5, 1921. ‘In cooperation with the School of Veterinary Medicine, A. S: M. Collette, of Texan "In cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture 3 m It ~ CONTENTS Page Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Method of conducting the variety test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '7 Experiment data. . . i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ , . 7 Results of variety test, 1913-1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . 7 Variety-date test . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 . . . . . . . . 7 Results in 1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 Results in 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 Results in 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Summary of variety-date test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Description of varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 APPENDIX List of varieties in Variety test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 In 1913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 In 1914 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 In 1916.‘ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 In 1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 In 1918 . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 In 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 In 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Rainfall data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 (p78l‘i BULLETIN No. 276. FEBRUARY, 1921. CORN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBSTA- TION NO. 3, ANGLETON, TEXAS BY E. B. REYNOLDS, AeRoNoM1s'r* Substation No. 3, of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, is located in the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas, at Angleton, in Brazoria County, approximately forty-four miles south of Houston and thirty- eight miles southwest of Galveston. The nearest point on the Gulf of Mexico i_s about eighteen miles distant. The topography of the region is prevailingly flat with poor drainage. The experiment fields of the substation farm are about 22.5 feet above sea-level. The soil is a black clay with a gray or dark clay subsoil classed by the Bureau of Soils, U. S. Department of Agriculture, as Victoria Clay. Chemical analysis shows this soil to be somewhat de- ficient in phosphorous, but it contains fairly large amounts of potash and lime. . ‘ The rainfall varies widely from year to year; for example, in 1917 the precipitation was 22.74 inches, while in 1919 it was 66.79 inches. The average annual rainfall for the seven-year period 1914-1920, in- elusive, is 45.57 inches. The rainfall by months for the above period is given in an appendix at the back of this bulletin. Substation No. 3 is one of the thirteen substations in Texas. Many of the experiments with corn which are conducted here are part of a broad investigation of corn and corn production that is being conducted at several of the substations. Publications reporting other experiments conducted with corn at Substation No. 3, are: ~ Bulletin No. 197—-Progress Report of Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, 1909-1914. Bulletin No. 229—Experiments at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, 1909-1916. Bulletin No. 230-—Spacing of Rows in Corn and Its Effect Upon Grain Yield. (Exhausted) » The present bulletin reports theresults secured in variety tests of corn conducted at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, during the years 1913-1920, inclusive. The experiments cover a period of eight years, but yield data have been secured for only seven crops; in 1915 the tests were destroyed by a tropical hurricane on August 16 and 17. The yields of only a few of the high-yielding varieties are given in this report. A large number of varieties have been tested, but the num- ber has varied from year to year. Low-yielding or otherwise undesir- able varieties have been discarded as results warranted. *Superintendent of Substation No. 3 from August, 1918, to November, 1920. Credit is due Mr. N. E. Winters, who was Superintendent from 1913 to 1918. TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. dmxoh. .no..u_mc< .m ..oZ coflwwmnsm fimoflmciwh ,3 32> fifiocoU A oksmwm Conn VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBSTATION No. 3. 7 i METHOD OF CONDUCTING THE VARIETY TEST Corn in the variety tests has always been planted in the same man~ ner for all varieties in any given year. The rows have been three feet apart every ‘year. In 1913, 1914, 1917, and 1918 the rate of planting was one stalk every three feet in the row, or 4840 stalks t0 the acre. In 1916, 1919, and 1920 the rate of planting was one stalk every two feet in the row, or 7260 stalks t0 the acre. Sufiicient cultivation was given to keep down weeds and grass. Fertilizers were not used in these tests, except in 1917 when a blanket application of 171 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre was applied to all varieties. EXPERIMENT DATA Table 1 contains a list of eleven of the highest-yielding varieties of corn tested at Substation No. 3 during the years 1913 to 1920. The variety test included 36 varieties in 1913; 48 in 1914; 37 in 1916; 42 in 1917; 55 in 1918; 11 in 1919, and 11 in 1920. Of the eleven vari- eties in the table, only five were included in the test during each of the seven years. Fentress Strawberry, Florida Flint, Ferguson Yellow Dent, and Creole each were not included one year. Hastings’ Prolific ' and Tuxpan were not included in two of the seven years. Table 1.—Eleven of the best-yielding varieties in the variety test of corn, 1913-1920, inclusive. _ Acre yield. bushels shelled corn. Variety name. 1913 | 1914 l 1916 l 1917 I 1918 | 1919 ! 1920 I Average Fentress Strawberry . . . . . . . . . .. 27.941 26.91 19.63 35 90‘ 37.54 . . . . .. 53.31 33 53 Hastings’ Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32.25 . . . . .. 13.18 . . . . 23.49 42 98 46.27 31 63 Ferguson Yellow Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23.10 23.10 31.05 23.76 35.77 52.33 31 51 Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28.89 25.88 23.63 28.19 29.43 61 44.72 31 19 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30.26 22.05 14.01 30.84 26 46 33 10 50.44 29 59 Surci-oppen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28.09 16.61 21.02 32.17 32 14 28 05 44.65 28 96 Virginia White Dent . . . . . . . . . .. 27.55 21.73 22.23 27.18 13.50 26.66 55.88 27.81 Tuxpan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16.86 . . . . . . . . . . .. 22.25 27.54 28.65 42.74 27.60 Cocke’s Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.66 18.20 10.10 27.90. 26.46 30.34 45.30 26.56 Florida Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21.09 15.87 9.16 . . . . ..| 18.09 34.73 42.86 23.63 Creole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19.52 15.11 21.34 25.38} 11.34 37.15 21.64 The varieties in Table 1 are arranged in order of average yield to the acre. These results show clearly that Fentress Strawberry, Has- tings’ Prolific, Ferguson Yellow Dent, Thomas, Chisholm, Surcropper, Virginia White Dent, and Tuxpan have been the best-yielding varieties. VARIETY-DATE TEST The data presented in the variety test of corn gave an opportunity to enlarge the scope of the experiment by using only the best varieties. In 1918 a more comprehensive test was begun for the purpose of testing the varieties in a more exhaustive manner and of finding a date of plant- ing that would produce the best yields for each variety. The test was planned so as to have three dates of planting, early, medium, and late. The early planting was to be made as early as conditions would permit, which in general would be about the first of March; the second, or medium, planting, two weeks later; and the late planting two weeks later than the medium planting. These three dates of planting are well within the usual planting season of corn in this section of Texas. 8 TEXAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Corn in this test has been planted in rows three feet apart, with one stalk every two feet in the row, or .7260 stalks to the acre. The test has been conducted for a period of three years, 1918, 1919, and 1920. The results of each year are given in separate tables to show the yields of the different varieties at each dateof planting, and the aver- age yield of each variety for the three dates of planting. Table 2 gives the results secured in 1918. This table shows all the varieties that were included in the test, the yield of the varieties. at each date of seeding, and the average yield of each variety for the three plantings. Figure 2. Variety Test of Corn at Substation No. 3. Table 2.——Acre yield in bushels, variety-date test of corn in 1918. Early Medium Late l Variety Name Planting Planting Planting Average Surcropper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.72 29.79 21.87 27.46 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.27 19.04 14.86 20.39 Ferguson Yellow Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.23 12.74 14.18 17.71 Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18.25 9.58 14.33 14.05 Tuxpan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14.19 13.87 12.59 13.55 Hastings’ Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.87 8.18 14.76 10.60 St. Charles White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.35 1.65 8.95 9.98 Clemens Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.47 9.58 12.90 9.65 Florida Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,72 6.92 15.29 9.31 Creole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12.04 6.01 8.52 8.85 Cooke's Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 .41 11.40 8.40 Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..' 16.91 11.16 13.. 60 . . . . . . . . .. For each of the three dates of seeding in 1918 Surcropper produced the largest yield, while Chisholm produced the second largest yield in the early and medium plantings, but it did not maintain this yield in the late planting. Surcropper produced the highest average yield in CoRN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBSTATION No. ,3. 9 1918, followed in order of yield by Chisholm, Ferguson Yellow Dent, Thomas, and Tuxpan. Hastings’ Prolific, St. Charles White, Clemens Yellow, Florida Flint, Creole, and Cocke’s Prolific, produced relatively low yields as compared to the other varieties, which result was probably due to the dry season. Table 3 gives the yields of the three plantings and the average yields of each variety for the three dates of planting in 1919. Hastings’ Pro- lific made the highest yield in the early planting; next to the highest yield in the second planting, and the highest average yield. Tuxpan maintained its yield at all dates of seeding better than the other vari- ' eties, and ranked next to Hastings’ Prolific in average yield. Florida Flint, Creole, and Thomas follow in order of average yield. Table:3.--Acre_'yield in:bushels. variety-date test of corn in 1919. _ Early Medium Late Variety Name Planting Planting Planting Average Hatinazs’ Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.98 33.44 21 .96 32.79 Tuxpan. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.65 32.24 27.33 29.40 Florida Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.73 34.86 18.50 29.36 Creole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.15 26.17 20.56 27.96 Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.61 23.99 18.28 26.62 Ferguson Yellow Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.77 27. 13 13.07 25.32 Surcropper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.05 28.27 16.92 24.41 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . 10 25.76 13 . 58 24 . 14 VirginiaiWhite Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.66 25.64 14.61 22.30 Cooke's Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.34 23.41 12.49 22.08 St. Charles White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.68 21 .63 11 .80 18.03 5'1 ti’ Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . .. 32.33 27.50 17. 19 . . . . . . . . . . The average yields of all the varieties in 1919 were higher than they were in 1918, on account of the more favorable season. Hastings’ Pro- lific, Florida Flint, and Creole, which made comparatively low yields in 1918, were among the best varieties in 1919. The yield data secured in the variety-date test of corn in 1920 are given in Table 4. It will be noted that the average yields of all the varieties are much higher than they were in 1918 and 1919. These ‘large yields are the results of an unusually favorable season for corn production. Table 4.—Acre yield inbushels. variety-date test of corn in 1920. . Early Medium Late Variety Name Planting Planting Planting Average Fentress Strawberry . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.31 47.91 42.41 47.87 Virginia White Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.88 43.63 42.95 47.48 Ferguson Yellow Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.33 49.13 38.44 46.63 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.44 44.60 35.46 43.50 Hastings’ Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . 46.27 37.26 46.85 43.46 Florida Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.86 40.23 46. 68 43.25 Surcropper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .r . . . . . . . . . . . 44.65 42.77 39.19 42.20 Cocke’s Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.30 35 .71 41 . 17 40.72 Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44 72 40.04 36 56 40.44 Tuxpan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.74 39.47 35.94 39.38 St. harles White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 .39 25 .98 27. 12 29 . 16 Average . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.62 40.61 39 34 . . . . . . . . . . 10 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. In 1920 Virginia White Dent produced the highest yield in the early seeding, and the second highest average yield. Fentress Strawberry made the second highest yield in the first planting and the highest aver- age yield. Ferguson Yellow Dent, Chisholm, and Hastings’ Prolific follow in order of production. SUMMARY OF THE VARIETY-DATE TEST OF CORN Table 5 gives the average yields for all varieties during the three years, 1918, 1919, and 1920. Three of the varieties were not tested each year of the experiment. Creole was included in 1918 and 1919; Virginia White Dent in 1919 and 1920; while Fentress Strawberry was included in the test for the first time in 1920. Table 5.—-Acre yield in bushels of corn in the variety-date test. 1918-1920, inclusive. _ Acre Yield Bushels Variety Name 1918 1919 1920 Average Surcropper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.46 24.41 42.20 31.35 Ferguson Yellow Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.71 25.32 46.63 29.88 Chisholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.39 24.14 43.50 29.34 Hastings’ Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.60 32.79 43.46 28.95 Tuxpan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.55 29.40 39.38 27.44 Flor a Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9.31 29.36 43.25 27.30 Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.05 26.62 40.44 27.03 F entress Strawberry . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.87 . . . . . . . . . . Cooker Prolific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8.40 , 22.08 40.72 23.73 Virginia White Dent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.30 47.48 . . . . . . . . . . St.-,Charles White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.98 18.03 29. 16 19.05 Creole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.85 27.96 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surcropper has made the best average yield to the acre for the three years, followed in order of yield by Ferguson Yellow Dent, Chisholm, Hastings’ Prolific, Tuxpan, Florida Flint, and Thomas. While Sur- cropper has produced the most corn to the acre, it is not a particularly desirable type of corn, except in yield, for the conditions in this part of Texas. The quality of the grain of this variety is sometimes poor, probably due to the fact that the shuck, or husk, is short and does not extend well over the tip, and thus leaves the latter exposed. This de- fect permits the entrance of water, which is conducive to rotting and. to the entrance of molds. Birds and insects more readily attack ears having this defect. Ferguson Yellow Dent also has a tendency to rot. Fentress Strawberry has been included in the test only one year, but it is probably one of the best varieties, as was stated in the discussion of the variety test at the beginning of this bulletin. Tuxpan and Thomas are good-yielding varieties and are desirable types of corn for the Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas. Tuxpan corn is being improved by the ear-to-row method of corn breeding at Substation No. 3, Angleton, and it is available for distribu- tion to the public. Thomas corn is being improved by Substation No. 1, Beeville, Texas, and it may be obtained there or at Substation No. 3,’ Angleton, Texas. DESCRIPTION OF VARIETIES A few of the varieties of corn best adapted to the conditions in this p part of Texas are described briefly here. These descriptions apply to CoRN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBsTATIoN No. 3. 11 the varieties when grown at Angleton, Texas. These same varieties when grown under entirely different conditions may behave differently from the way here described. Fen-tress Strawberry. A variety with large ears and large stalks. Ear: length, averages about 7% inches; diameter, about 2% inches. Cob, pink. Kernels, yellowish-white or yellow, with longitudinal red stripes; medium soft, dent. Shelling percentage, '75 to '78. Stalk: height, 6% to 8% feet; diameter, large. This variety does not have a tendency to produce many stalks with two or more ears. It matures medium early. Surcropper. A variety with somewhat short, thick ears, having a length of 6 to '7 inches, and a diameter of about 2 inches. Cob, white. Kernels, large and coarse, white; medium soft, dent. Shelling percent- age, 81 to 82. Stalk: height, 6 to 7% feet; diameter, medium. Shuck does not extend well over tip of ear. This variety produces a consider- able number of stalks with two or more ears in favorable seasons. A medium early variety. Chisholm. A variety with short,_thick ears and stalks of medium height. Ear: length, averages about '7 inches; diameter, 2 to 2% inches. Cob, red. Kernels, medium size,- white; medium soft, dent. Shelling percentage, 81 to 82. Stalk: height, averages 6% to '7 feet; diameter, medium. In favorable seasons this variety produces a considerable number of stalks with two or more ears. This variety is medium early in maturity. Ferguson Yellow Dent. This variety has short ears with a large diameter. Ear: length, about '7 inches; diameter, about 2 inches. Cob, red. Kernels, yellow; soft, deeply dented. Shelling percentage, 82 to 84. Stalk: height, averages about '7 feet; diameter, medium. Medium early in maturity. H asttngs’ Prolific. A variety of corn with small ears and tall stalks. Ear: length, 6 to 6% inches; diameter, about 1% inches. Cob, white. Kernels, small, white; medium soft, dent. Shelling percentage, 82 to 8'7. Stalk: height, averages '7 to 9% feet; diameter, medium. The shuck extends well over the tip of the ear. This is a typical variety of prolific corn. A medium early variety. Tuccpan. This is a tall, rank-growing variety of corn. The ears are large a.nd taper slightly from butt to tip. Ear: length, averages 7% to 8 inches; diameter, about 1% inches. Cob, white. Kernels, white; medium hard, dent. Shelling percentage, 78 to 82. Stalk: height, averages 8% to 10% feet; diameter, large. The shuck is thick and fits closely and extends well over the tip of the ear. This is a late-matur- ing variety, being about two weeks later than Thomas or Surcropper. Thomas.- A variety with a stalk of medium height. Ear: length, averages 6 to '7 inches; diameter, about 1% inches. Cob, small, white. Kernels, white; medium soft, dent. Shelling percentage, averages about 85. Stalk: height, 6 to 8% feet; diameter, medium. The shuck extends well over the tip of the ear. This is a medium early variety. Table 6 presents the average yields of each date of planting for the 12 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. three years. The yield of the early, of the medium, and of the late planting is the average of the yields of the eleven varieties planted at the early, medium, and late dates, respectively. Table 6.—Average yield of early, medium, and late planting'of corn in the variety-date test of corn. 1918-1920. Acre Yield BushelfShelled Corn Time of Planting 191s | 1919 i 1920' 1 Average . V’ Early . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16.91 i 32.33 43.62 31.95 Medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . 1e 27.50 40.61 23.42 Late . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13.30 i 11.19 39.34 23.37 It will be noted from Table 6 that the best yields were obtained from the early seeding every year, and that the average yields decreased when the plantings were made at later dates. In 1918, however, the medium planting produced the lowest yield. These results indicate that the most favorable date of planting corn in this section of Texas is about the first of March. APPENDIX. l A list of the varieties which were included in the variety tests of corn at Substation No. 3, Angleton, Texas, by years, is given here. The name of each variety is preceded by its individual Texas Station Accession Number. This is a reference number given to each lot of seed received for testing and serves to identify it throughout its use, CORN VARIETIES as well as to show its source, pedigree, and performance record. Wonder. 1913 »T. S. T. S. T. S. No. No. No. 393 Bloody Butcher. 69 Mexican Tuxpan. 173 Squaw. 353 Blount’s Prolific. 321 Mexican June. 313 St. Charles White. p320 Boone County. 391 Mexican June. 143‘ Surcropper. 319 Chisholm. 372 Mortgage Lifter. 317 Surci-opper. _ ~ 373 Clark’s Early Mastodon 314 Mosby’s Prolific. 27 Texseed Giant White. Dent. 32 Munson. 327 Thomas. 354 Cocke’s Prolific. 146 Munson. 29 U. S. Selection 128. 350 Collier’s Excelsior. 30 Oklahoma White 351 Virginia White Dent. 371 Fentress Strawberry. _Wonder.' 323 While .Iune. 326 Florida Flint. _ 33 Singleton Strawberry. 315 Wisconsin White Dent. 68 Hastings’ Prolific. 355 Snowflake. 316 Yellow Creole. 322 Hastings’ Prolific. 142 Southern Beauty. 390 Improved White 318 Special Surcropper. CORN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBSTATION No. 3. CORN VARIETIES 13 1914 T. S. T. S. T. S. No. No. No. 1005 Anderson's Yellow 1016 Eureka. 1007 New Rockdale. Dent. 1011 Ex. Early White Dent. 927 Oklahoma White 908 Ardmore. 1009 Ex. Early Dent. Wonder. _ 1014 Bigg’s Seven Ear. 929 Fentress Strawberry. 910 R_oger’s_White Dent. 917 Blount’s Prolific. 923 Ferguson Yellow Dent. 1020 Silvermine. 935 lue Grain. 1013 lorida Flint. 920 Snowflake. _ 916 Boone County. 1002 Gold Standard. 915 St. Charles White. 1017 Casey’s_ Pure Bred. 943 Hearn’s White. 922 Surcropper. _ 1021 Champion White Pearl. 1008 Hickory Kin . 926 Texseed Giant White. 909 ChappelPs Prolific. 1010 Improved Go de_n Dent. 1006 Texas Giant Straw- 925 Chisholm. _ 1167 Improved Learning. berry. 919 Cocke’s Prolific. 1003 Improved Munson. 928 Thomas. _ 921 Collier’s_ Excelsior 912 Laguna~Selection 136. 907 U. S. Selection 77. 1018 Columbian Beauty. 1012 Large Mexican June. 911 U_. S. Selection 159. 91 Creole. 1019 Marlboro Prolific. 918 Virginia White Dent. 1004 Early Wonder. 932 Mosby’s Prolific. 1015 White MaJestic. 930 Early Mastodon Dent. 931 Mortgage Lifter. 914 Wisconsin White Dent. CORN VARIETIES 1916 T. S. T. S T. S. No. N0 No. 1775 Bigg’s Seven Ear. 1328 Givens. 1773 Mosby’s Prolific. 1711 Blount’s Prolific. 1318 Gorham Yellow Dent. 1784 Munson. 1291 Brazos White. 1228 Hastings’ Prolific. 1316 Oklahoma Yellow ~1305 Chisholm. 1780 Hastings’ Prolific. Dent. 1778 Chisholm. ' 1986 Haupt’s Golden Yellow 1782 Rockdale. _ 1710 Cocke’s Prolific. Dent. 1774 St. Charles White. 1233 Creole. 1988 Henry Grady. 1283 Surcropper. 1799 DavisProlific. 1714 Improved Golden Dent. 1284 Surcropper. 87 Experiment Station 1713 Improved Shoe Peg.‘ 1285 Surcropper. Yellow. 1783 Improved Squaw. 1777 Surcropper. 1779 Fentress Strawberry. 1289 June Corn. _ 1330 Tankersley. 1776 Ferguson Yellow 1311 King’s Earliest. 1983 Thomas. _ g Dent. _ _ 1312 Learning. 1712 Virginia White Dent. 1781 Florida Flint. 1326 Learning Strawberry. " CORN VARIETIES 1917 T. S. T. S T. S. No. No No. 1775 Bigg’s Seven Ear. 2419 Ferguson Yellow 2444 Schieberle White. 3 Blount’s Prolific _Dent. 1713 Shoe Peg. 935 Blue Grain. _ 2580 Given’s Red Cob. 2425 Shoe Peg. 2434 Boone County White 2428 Golden Dent. - 2435 Snowflake. _ 2577 Brazos White 2430 Gorham’s Yellow Dent. 2424 St. Charles White. 2578 Casey’s Pure Bred. 2436 Hastings’ Prolific. 2445 Strawberry. 2418 Chisholm. 2442 Henry Grady._ 1777 Surcropper. 2421 Chisholm. 1783 Improved Indian 2420 Surcropper. 257 Clemenis Yellow. quaw. 327 Thomas. 2431 Cocke’s Prolific. 2441 Improved Indian 1983 Thomas. 2422 Creole Flint. -.i,Squaw. 2573 Tuxpan. _ 2423 Davis Prolific. 2571 Improved Learning. 2432 Virginia White Dent. Experiment Station 2427 Mosby’: Prolific. 2572 White Mogul. Yellow. 2440 Munson. _ 2576 White Mogul. .1779 Fentress Strawberry. 2439 Oklahoma Whlte e 2426 Fentress Strawberry. onder. 14 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. CORN VARIETIES 1918 T. S. T. S. T. S. No. No. No. 1092 Anger-stems Yellow Eosterwh‘ R d C b gldigilorg. d en. ' iant ie e o. eenm . 1775 Bigg’s Seven Ear. 2790 Giant Yellow. 2939 Red Dent. prove 1966 Bloody Butcher. 2963 Goldmine. 2437 Roqkdale. lglounék _l’rolific. , gorhamk Yellow Dent. gchiebeéléafi iie rain. reer. cott’s ite. 2577 Brazos White. 1958 Halbert’s Hybrid. 2425 Shoe Peg. 3053 Chisholm. 2436 Hastings’ Prolific. 3051 Silvermine. 3042 Clark’s Yellow Dent. 2441 Improved Indian 2958 Steele. 2431 Cocke’s Prolific. i Squaw. _ 2424 St. Charles White. 1967 Cole’s Prolific. ~ l 1960 Large Prolific. 2426 Strawberry. 3143 Commercial White. ' 2571 Leaming. _ 2420 Surcropper. gowalims Yellow Dent. l keslie yVhite. ¥gxas Progress. reo e. oca une. omas. vis roiiw. I :4 a iar . i i ' ite t. 523% 1192.2 as: Wh D 2443 Eigperiment ‘Station ' 2427 M(dsby’s Prolific. 2943 Wlligitrdllzl/Iogul. en Yellow. l 2440 M_unson 2946 Williamson County 3144 FCITDQUSOII Yellow ‘$012 Nilgholslclank Bloody White. ent. iitc e . 1781 Florida Flint. ‘ 2439 OkwhOéII; White on er. CORN VARIETIES 1919 T. S. l T. S. T. S. No. i No. No. 3610 Chisholm. 3734 Florida Flint. 327 Thomas. 3%? €°°“i°'s P’°““°" 328% 151288181’ "$1.1? £1? $-““~"“-“"wh-. D t eo e. . ar es i e. i ginia i e en . 3609 Férguson Yellow | 3611 Surcropper. r Dent. I CORN VARIETIES 1920 T. S. T. S. T. S. No. No. i N0. 4169 Chisholm. ‘4173 lFlorida Flint. 327 Thomas. 4194 Cocke’s Prolific. l 4175 ‘Hastings Prolific. 2574 Tuxpan. 4171 Fentress Strawberry. l 4177 St. Charles White. 4195 Virginia White Dent. 4172 Ferguson Yellow l 4178 Surcropper. Dent. CORN VARIETY EXPERIMENTS, SUBSTATION N0. 3. RAINFALL DATA. 15 Table 7 gives the rainfall in inches at Angleton, Texas, by months _ from 1914 to 1920, inclusive. Table 7.—Rainfall at Angleton, Texas, from 1914 to 1920, inclusive. Month 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 Average t- P” January . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0.49 2.96 1.62 2.34 0.27 6.20 6.02 2.842 February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3.16 4.03 0.13 2.98 0.85 2.59 1.85 2.227 Marc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.93 3.53 0.42 0.75 2.30 9.21 1.36 2.928 April . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13.46 2.25 1.64 2.37 5.65 1.35 .54 3.894 May . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7.89 2.66 6.59 6.04 1.68 5.27 3.64 4.824 June . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0.26 0.00 5.37 0.44 1.41 16.57 5.83 4.268 July . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1.73 3.95 5.66 3.12 2.48 6.55 4.76 4.035 August . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.49 13.87 5.43 1.66 3.51 5.42 9.10 6.782 September . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4.34 6.29 3.55 1.15 2.87 3.62 2.49 3.472 October . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3.61 2.49 1.08 0.49 5.67 5.93 6.81 3.725 November . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.02 2.04 1.68 0.84 6.91 2.30 3.83 3.660 December . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4.19 4.74 2.13 0.56 3.93 1.78 3.05 2.911 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58.57 48.81 35.30 22.74 37.53 66.79 49.28 45.57